^^°^ r^ c COL. GEORGE W. NASON, JR.. Franklin, Mass. History and Complete Roster of the Massachusetts Regiments MINUTE MEN OF ^61 who responded to the First Call of President Abraham Lincoln, April 15, 1 861 , to defend the Flag and Constitution of the United States TOGETHER WITH PHOTOGRAPHS AND BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF MINUTE MEN OF MASSACHUSETTS By GEORGE W. NASON BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS: SMITH & McCANCE 38 BROMFIELD STREET 1910 Copyright 1904 by George W. Nason ^f/3 ■^ FRANKLIN JOB PRINT FRANKLIN. MASS. TRANSFERREo FROW copy RIGHT OFFICE MAR 2U 191^ PREFACE To the fact that Massachusetts had for years maintained a military force known as Volunteer Militia, the mem- bers of which were somewhat accus- tomed to the use of arms, and inured in some degree to the discomforts of the tented field, may be accredited the sal- vation of the nation in the early spring of the year 1861. There can be no question that the appearance of the Sixth Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry in Washington, and the arrival of the Third and Fourth Massachusetts Vol- unteer Infantry at Fortress Monroe, saved those important points fiom at- tempted capture by the disloyal men whose creed was slavery and States' rights before freedom and Union. The prompt arrival of the Eighth Massachu- setts Volunteer Infantry preserved the Naval Academy and the frigate Consti- tution at Annapolis, Md., and opened the way to the succor of the nation's caritol, obstructed in other directions. The gallant conduct of the Fifth Massa- chusetts Volunteer Infantry at Bull Run farther demonstrated that the slight military training of that day was, in some strong degree, a factor in the Union's defence! It is the province of the following pages to tell, as best they may, the story of that time and supplement the history of the nation, and give due credit to the deeds of those "Minute Men of '61," who so promptly responded to their Commander's Special Order, No. -14, of April 15, 1861. It is well to note here that while our pages treat only of three months of the doings of these men, yet the greater part of them continued their service of patriotism to the erd of the rebellion, and that the names of some of them ap- pear on the rolls of most of the battles of the Civil War. We give here such data as we have been able to gather from the files and authorities of that time and such mem- oranda of their whole service which they or their comrades have been able to furnish at this late day. The men of the Massachusetts Vol- unteer Militia, called out by order of the Governor in April, 1861, numbered approximately 3,800. The first order was issued April 15, and the last of the seven organizations had left the State before April 21, and lemained in ser- vice until Aug 1st 1. We give herewith a condensed summary of their service which may serve as a guide to the reader in a more careful perusal of its pages. The Third Regiment, which was com- posed of six companies in Barnstable and Plymouth counties, and to which was added one company from Cam- bridge in Middlesex county, reported in Boston, April 16, 1861. At 11.30 a.m. the 18th, they sailed on the steamer S. R. Spaulding, under sealed orders, which, upon being opened, indicated their destination as Fortress Monroe, Va. Col. D. W. W^ardrop was in com- mand, and the regiment mustered about five hundred officers and men. They arrived at Fort Monroe at 11 a.m.. on the 20th, and at 4 p.m., sailed on U. S. Gunboat Pawnee for Norfolk, arriv- ing at 9 p.m. Finding it impossible to save any vessels or property at the navy yard all hands at once engaged in destroying everything possible that could serve .he rebels, and tired and hungry arrived back at the fort at 6 am,, on the 21st, and were added to the garrison there. The regiment con- tinued as garrison of the fort, and in scouting and outpost duty at and be- yond Hampton, until July 16th, when It started for home, arriving in Boston July 23d. Of the five hundred who re- turned one hundred and sixty had re- eijlisted before the close of the year. The Fourth Regiment consisted of five companies from Norfolk and two each from Plymouth and Bristol counties. They reported at Faneuil Hall on the 16th, under Col. A. B. Packard, with over 500 officers and men. They left Boston late in the afternoon of the 17th, and at 10 p.m. were on board the steam- er State of Maine at Fall River. They arrived at New York at 5 p.m. on the ISth, leavirg there at 4 a.m. on the 19th, ariiving at Fortress Monroe early on the 20th, remaining there until the 27th, when they moved with other regiments to Newport News, where an intrenched camp was made. Five comiianies took part in the affair at Big Bethel on the 9th of June. Later it was encamped at Hampton until it left for Massachusetts, Preface July 15th, where it was mustered out on the 22nd. About 200 of its members had re-er.Ksted before Jan. 1, 1862. The Fifth Regiment consisted of five companies, to which were added one company from the First and four from the Seventh Regiments of Volunteer Militia. In obedience to orders it as- sembled in Boston on the 19th and 20th of April, 1861. Six companies were from Middlesex, three from Essex and one from Suffolk counties. Something over 800 officers and men had assembled by the morning of the 21st. It marched to the Boston & Worcester Railroad Sta- tion, and in company with the First Light Battery, left at 7 a.m. for the South, arriving in New York at 8 p.m. Late on the evening of the 21st, in com- p?.ny with the Battery and the Third Eattalion of Rifles, Massachusetts Vol- unteer Militia, the Regiment embarked on the steamers Aiiel and De Soto, and at 3 a.m., on the 22nd, started for Fort Monroe, arriving safely at noon on the 23d, proceedin?: the same ni?,-lit to An- napolis, Md. They disembarked late on the 24th, and on the 2.5th four compa- nies took the train for Washington, ar- ri\irig at noon on the 26th. The re- maining six companies marched twenty miles to the Junction, where they took cars, arriving in Washington at 8 a.m., the 27th. The Regiment was quartered in the U. S. Treasury Building, remain- ing there until the night of May 25th, when it marched across the Potomac and encamned at Alexandria. From this date until July 16 the Regiment was engaged in building forts and scouting. Julv 16. attached to Franklin's Brigade, it took the head of the division column towards Centreville; 17th and 18th ad- vance continued; 19th and 20th in camp: 21st at 2 a.m. started towards Pull Run and at 11 a.m. advanced to the front under fire of the rebel bat- teries and remained on the battle line until orders to fall back, when, after collecting the somewhat scattered com- panies. Major Boyd in command (Col- onel Lawrence being wounded), marched the Regiment back to Centre- ville, and l^ter in the night to Alexan- dria. On the 22nd the Reariment re- turned to Washington, remaining there until the 28th. when thev left for Bos- ton. ar'iT'ing there on the 30th. and were mustered out of service. Before Jan. 1, 1862. 255 of the men of the Fifth had re-enlisted. The Sixth Regiment consisted of seven companies from Middlesex and one from Essex counties. To these were added, by orders from Adjutant-Gen- eral's office, one company from the Sev- enth Massachusetts Volunteer Militia (Essex) ; one company from the First Massachusetts Volunteer Militia (Suf- folk), and one company from the Third Battalion of Rifles (Worcester). They left Lowell at 9 a.m. the 16th, and Bos- ton at 7 p.m., the 17th, arriving at New • York early on the morning of the 18th. They crossed to Jersey City at 12 m., and left there by train, reaching Phila- delphia at 7 p.m. Leaving there at 1 a.m. on the 19th, reached Baltimore at noon. Seven companies were drawn through the city in the cars. The other four companies were obliged to disem- bark, owing to the barricading of the track by a mob, and were marched to- ward the Washington Station. They were assailed with stones and other mis- siles and finally pistol shots. Then the Older to fire was given and a passage vas thus secured to the waiting train, although 130 men, including tlie band, were unaccounted for. The band, being left without arms or guard of any kind, v/ere obliged to shift for themselves, and only by leaving instruments,- etc , and seeking shelter of a friendly woman were they able to escape the mob. On the 20th they returned to Philadelphia and thence to Lowell. The loss to the Regiment was four killed and eighteen wounded. The Regiment arrived in Washington at 5 p.m. on the 19th and were quartered in the Senate Chamber, and were on guard and other duty until May 5, when they left, undei- orders, for the Relay House. They left there May 13 for Baltimore, arriving in the even- ing during a severe thunderstorm, tak- ing possession of Federal Hill. May It and 15 were spent in taking possession w'ith other troops of Baltimore. On the 16th they returned to the Relay House, where they remained until June 13, when they again were in Baltimore to help maintain order at the polls, but returned on the 14th. June 26 to July 2 were again in Baltimore temporarily. July 29 broke camp at Relay House and left for home, arriving in Boston at 5 p.m., August 1. They were mus- tered out on Boston Common, August 2. and then proceeded to Lowell, where after a reception by the citizens the men left for their homes. Before Jan. 1. 1862, 171 of the men had re-enlisted. The Eighth Regiment was, when it entered the service, made up of nine companies from Essex and one from Berkshire counties, thus joining the mountains with the sea coast. To the Preface eight companies of tiie regiment were added Company A of the Seventh Massachusetts Volunteer Militia, and Company A of the First Battalion of Massachusetts Volunteer Militia. It left Boston in the afternoon of Apiil 18, 1861, by the Boston «S: Worcester R. R. Brigadier-General Benjamin F. Butler, Massachusetts Volunteer Militia, ac- companied them. It arrived in New York at 6 a.m., the 19th. Leaving there about noon, arrived in Philadel- phia at 6 p.m., where the news of the attack on the Sixth Massachusetts at Baltimore reached them. At noon on the 20th, they took cars for Baltimore. On arriving within half a mile of Perry- ville, Md., on the Susquehanna river, the train was stopped, the regiment was disembarked, and Companies J and K were sent forward as skirmishers fol- lowed by the rest of the regiment. Within a few moments the ferry boat Maryland was in their possesson with- out firing a shot. The entire regiment was soon on board, steaming down Chesapeake Bay, and reached Annapo- lis early Sunday, April 21st. The frig- ate Constitution was found here with but a small crew, and the commander was ready to blow her up in case of attack. Companies J and K were sent on board and preparations made to get her away; but in so doing, both the Maryland and Constitution got aground, remaining so until Tuesday morning, when the steamer Boston towed the Constitution off, and the rest of the Eighth were taken to the wharf in boats. Company J remaining on board and Company K taking a tug for Fort McHenry, and taking possession of the U. S. Steamer Alleghany, which they found deserted on the way. Possession of the Naval Academy and the railroad to the Junction and Washington was next in order, and on the 24th inst., the Eighth Massachusetts and the Seventh New York started repairing the rail- road as they proceeded towards the Junction, arriving there on the morning of the 25th, and at night a train with the Seventh New York passed on to Washington. On the 26th the Eighth took the train and reached Washington at 1 p.m., several regiments following by the route thus opened. The regi- ment was mustered April 30, and a few days later Colonel Munroe, on account of advanced age, resigned. The regi- ment remained in Washington until May 12, when it reached the Relay House at noon. Company J. having as- sisted in navigating the Constitution to New York, had returned via Fort Mon- roe and the Potomac river, some days before, and Company K returned from Fort McHenry on the 16th of May, and the regiment was all together again. An election being held. E. W. H:nks was chosen Colonel, Andrew Elwell, Lieutenant Colonel, ar.d Benjamin Par- ley Poore, Major. The regiment re- mained at the Relay House until June 27th, when the right wing went to Bal- timore, where the left wing joined them on July 2d. From this time there were reviews and side trips, etc., until July 29th, when the regiment started for home, arriving in New York the 31st, where, after partaking of the hospital- ity of the Seventh New York, they left for home, and August 1st found them once again on Boston Common, where they were musteied out and left for their several homes. Three hundred and thirty-six of the regiment had re- enlisted before January 1, 1862. The Third Battalion of Rifles, Massa- chusetts Volunteer Militia, was com- posed of four companies from Worces- ter county, but one company was at- tached to the Sixth Massachusetts, in April, 1861, and a company newly formed in Suffolk county took its place. It rendezvoused at Worcester under or- ders, April 20, 1861, and lest at 9 p.m., reaching New York at 8 a.m. on the 21st. Embarked at 8 p.m. on the steamer Ariel. Arrived at Fort Monroe at 4 p.m. the 23d, thence to Annapolis, where it arrived the 24th, and disem- barking at 1 p.m., May 2d, they boarded the "Maryland," and arrived at Fort McHenry at 6 A.M., May 3d. The bat- talion remained at Fort McHenry with occasional trips by detachments up and down Chesapeake Bay until July 30th, when it started for Massachusetts. Ar- rived at Worcester at 9 a.m., August 2d, and were mustered out August 3d. Of the 322 men of the Battalion, 97 had re-enlisted before January 1, 1862. The Boston Light Artillery, Massa- chusetts Volunteer Militia (Cook's Bat- tery), assembled in Boston, April 20th, and with guns and horses left by rail- road early April 21st, arriving in New York at dark, and embarked on the steamer De Soto, arriving at Fort Mon- roe at noon on the 2od. and at Annapo- lis on the morning of the 24th. May 4th they moved to the Relay House. June 13th moved to Baltimore, and remained there until July 30th, when they left foi Boston. Of the 117 men 44 had re-en- listed before January 1, 1862. Prefack A few words about the work of prepar- ing this book may not be inappropriate here. In 1899 George W. Nason, then President of the Association of "Minute Men of '61, gathered in a few photographs of comrades, had half-tone photo-electros made, and presented them in book form at the Annual Banquet in 1000. The com- rades were so well pleased that an effort was made to have a more complete volume prepared , he was asked to take charge of publication, and a committee of seven, one from each organization, was appointed to solicit photographs and historical matter. The work of the committee dragged along very slowly and vacancies were not filled. In 1904 Major A. S. Cushman was elected President of the Association, and as one of the committee was thereafter engaged in ihe preparaction of the book. After his death January 29, 1907, his manuscript could not be founu, hence the material was not available for publication. During the ten years since the work was commenced the following comrades, members of the committee, have died: Gen. David W. Wardrop, Gen. Samuel E. Chamberlain, Maj. Austin S. Cushman and Samuel C. Wright of the Third Regiment; Col. Abner Packard of the Fourth Regiment ; Lieut. Col. Edwin C. Bennett, Lieut. Elisha N. Pierce, and Samuel H. Turner of the Fifth Regiment ; Lieut. Col. Benj. F. Watson of the vSixth Regiment ; Gen. Charles A. R. Dinion of the Eighth Regiment; Gen. A. B. R. Sprague of the Third Battalian ; George H. Cavanagh of the First Battery. In 1908 onh' Geo. W. Nason, then in the hospital with broken ribs, was alone left to complete the work. Some advised to stop but he felt that it was a labor of love for his comrades, and later recovering, with the assistance of comrades Maj. John S. Dean, "Citizen" Thomas of Brocton, Capt. Charles C. Doten, Alonzo M. Shaw, Lieut. James L. Sherman, Lieut. William T. Eustis, Capa. James H. Griggs, John E. Bickford, James Henry Nason, Maj. John H. Norton, and several others who have furnished items of interest, is now enabled to present this finished volume, trusting that every good comrade will appreciate his efforts, and that while it may not be perfect, yet in some measure, it will serve its purpose to commemorate the prompt response and faithful service of those who, leaving occupation and home, were first in the battle-front for the preservation of their country and. its flag; GEORGE W. NAvSON, 56 Brom field Street, Boston, and Franklin, Mass. CONTENTS Preface 3 Minute Men of '61 423 General and Staff Officers 423 Third Regiment, M.V.M 9 Third Regiment M.V.M. , Roster 15 Fourth Regiment, M.V.M 69 Fourth Regiment M.V.M. , Roster 74 Fifth Regiment, M.V.M 123 Fifth Regiment M.V.M., Roster 130 National Cemeteries, I^ist of 153 Sixth Regiment , M. V. M 189 Regimental Song 2OO Sixth Regiment M.V.M., Roster 201 Eighth Regiment M.V.M 231 Eighth Regiment M.V.M., Roster 237 Company J. Eighth Regiment 246 Veteran's Memory Land 269 Third Battalion of Rifles 275 Third Battalion of Rifles, Roster. . . . . .2?7 Boston Light Artillery 287 Boston Light Artillery, Roster 289 The Vanguard of Volunteers 331 Old Glory, Lincoln Day 334 The Boy who carried the Gun 335 Massachusetts Minute Men, 1861 336 Our Navy in the Civil War 342 The ' 'Stars and Stripes' ' 359 The Civil War of 1861-65 402 Extract Lt. Col. Watson's, ' '6 Mass '61 " 403 Song of the camps fire 407 The Little Bronze Button 408 The Minute Men of 1861 409 Facsi-nile of Resolution of 1900 414 Illustrations 418 Index 4i5 THIRD REGIMENT, M.V.M. BY CHARI^ES C. DOTEN In obedience to " General Order No. 4 '" from Governor Andrew, issvied January 16, 1861, the several companies of the Regi- ment had been to some extent prepared for active service by clearing their rolls of men unfit or unwilling to respond to a call, and enlistment of others in their places. The attack on Fort vSumter on the twelfth and thirteenth of April ; its surrender on the fourteenth ; the requisition of President Lincoln for the state troops on the fif- teenth and the summons through ' ' Spe- cial Order No. 14 ' ' from Governor Andrew on the latter date for several regiments, including the Third, to rendezvous in Bos- ton, April 16, was the bursting of the storm of war, but notwithstanding this rapid sequence of startling events the militiamen of Massachusetts were found read}' ' ' on the minute " ' as were their ancestors of Revolutionary fame. During the early forenoon of Tuesday, April 16, the companies of the Third all reported in Boston and the Regiment was quartered in the hall over the Old Colon}- railroad station on South Street where in the afternoon it was visited by Governor Andrew who personalh' ordered rations and comforts for the men. On the seven- teenth, muskets were exchanged for rifles at the State House, overcoats and equip- ments were issued and at about six o'clock the Regiment marched down State Street to Central Wharf where it embarked on the fast side-wheel steamer, " S. R. Spaulding, ' ' having received an ovation the whole length of the march, a national salute being also fired on the wharf. The steamer dropped off into the stream and anchored for the night. Thursday morn- ing, the eighteenth, ammunition and stores were taken on board and at ten o'clock the ship left for her destination, which was Fortress Monroe, Va., the key of the mili- tary situation in the United States. The "Spaulding" was driven at her greatest speed and made the passage in forty-six hours, arriving off the fort at eight o'clock on Saturday morning, April 20, and the Third receiving a warm welcome from the Fourth Regiment which, proceeding by way of New York and steamer from that port had arrived two hours earlier. The Regiment disembarked at about eleven o'clock and marched into the fort where, no quarters having been provided, the men dropped on the parade ground in rear of their line of rifle stacks and most of them were soon asleep. During the afternoon the United vStates gunboat "Paw- nee," Commodore Paulding, came down from Washington, her commander having discretionary' orders to hold or destro}- the nav3' yard at Norfolk as he might find expedient. Applying to Colonel Ju.stin Dimick, commander of the post, for troops, the Third, four hundred and fifty men, was ordered to report to Commodore Paulding and at fovir o'clock went on board the ' ' Pawnee ' ' and at five the ship started for Norfolk. At the mouth of the Elizabeth River the rebels were erecting batteries at Sewell's Point and Craney Island, and on a line with these were obstructing the channel by sinking hulks of vessels filled with stone, having already obtained pos- session of Fort Norfolk, a United States fortification some distance up the river. Resistance to the passage of the ' ' Pawnee ' ' was expected at these places and the ship's crew stood at their guns ready to return fire, while the men of the Third, to whom ammunition had been distributed, together with a company of United States Marines, were ordered to lie close along the decks. From Fort Norfolk as the ship passed 10 MiNUTK Men oE '61 there was a hail but no hostile demonstra- tion, but as she reached the navy yard at about nine o'clock the entire broadsides of the United States ships ' ' Pennsylvania ' ' and "Cumberland" were trained on her, the answer to the hail ' ' What ship is that?" not having been understood. It was an instant of fearful suspense for a voice was distinctly heard saying ' ' Shall I fire, sir?"" The answer was once more given, "the Pawnee," which was caught up and repeated from ship to ship and then cheer after cheer rent the air as the men realized that relief had come, but it was by the very narrowest chance that the ' ' Pawnee ' ' had escaped being fired upon as an enemy. Many vessels including the " Merrimac " which afterwards as a rebel iron-clad had the historical fight March 9, 1862, with the "Monitor," a battle which revolutionized from that date the world's naval warfare, were lying at the Norfolk yard and an immense amount of material had also been accumulated there by traitorous cabinet officials of Buchanan's administration with the intention of hav- ing the whole, valued at nearly ten mil- lions of dollars, fall into rebel hands with the breaking out of the war. It was there- fore of the utmost importance to prevent as far as possible this realization, so when Commodore Paulding, in view of the fact that the river approach to the yard was already commanded by the secessionists and in a few hours would be effectually obstructed by sunken hulks as he had noted on coming up, decided that with his small force the position could not be held, he gave orders for the destruction of ships, biiildings and material to the fullest pos- sible extent. In this arduous work the men of the Third were engaged with the seamen and force of the yard until three o'clock on Sunday morning, when the Reg- iment again embarked on the i, Pawnee, " which, taking the sloop of war " Ciimber- land ' ' in tow with all the men of the yard on board passed down the river, leaving behind a sea of flames leaping from everything that would burn. At eight o'clock the Regiment re-entered the fort a very tired and hungry set of men, having had nothing to eat for nearlv twentv-four hours. This passage to Norfolk between rebel batteries on either side of the river was the first penetration of the enenn-'s lines by the troops of any state, and to the Third Massachusetts Regiment must be given the honor of being first troops, either volun- teer or national, to perform the dvities of active war service within the hostile borders of the Southern Confederacy. The destruction of the Norfolk yard de- prived the rebels of millions of dollars worth of war material and a navy which they had believed within their grasp, and the set bdck which this loss occasioned to the Confederacy was in a military sense the cotmterpart of their failure to seize the government at Washington, resulting in both instances from the prompt move- ment of the militia of Massachusetts. The Regitnent was mustered into the service of the United States, April 22, 1861, and became a part of the garrison of Fortress Monroe from that date. On May 14, two companies, enlisted for three 3-ears' service, were attached to the Regiment, Company I, Captain William D. Chamber- lain, raised in Lynn, and Company M, Captain Jonas K. Tj'ler, raised in Boston. Two more companies of three years' men, D, Captain Chas. Chipman, recruited in Sandwich, and E, Captain Samuel H. Doten, recruited in Plj-mouth, were assigned to the Regiment, May 22. As a part of the secession plan to have the government fortifications in as defence- less a condition as possible most of the guns of the fortress were unmounted and lying packed outside the walls. It conse- quentlj' became the laborious duty of the Third and Fourth Regiments, besides the usual routine of guard and garrison, to- gether with the unloading of vessels with stores, to drag these heavy pieces of ordnance into the fort, up the ramparts, and mount them en-barbette. This fatigu- ing work contintied daily until July 1, when the Regiment was ordered to occupy the village of Hampton. It there took up quarters in the deserted houses, often having night scouting and harassing" duties to perform, as the enemy Ij'ing in force nine miles away at Big Bethel, under General Magruder, was freqiiently in con- Minute Men of '61 11 tact with the Union lines, then extending from Newport News through Hampton to Fortress Monroe, the battle of Big Bethel, the first of the war, having been fought on the tenth of June. A demonstration was made in strong force, with artillery and cavalry, by the rebels towards Hampton on the night of July 4 and Colonel War- drop, with nine companies of the Third and seven companies of the Naval Brigade, made a counter demonstration bj' march- ing out and taking position at the fork of the roads two miles from Hampton, re- maining for several hours, until scouts reported that the enemy had retired be- yond Newmarket bridge. On May 23, the first reconnoisance out- side the Union lines was made bv General Butler, who detailed from the Third Regi- ment for the purpose a battalion of two companies, B of Plymouth and M of Boston, under command of Captain Charles C. Doten. This force proceeded with the General by the bank of Back River and across the country seven miles towards Yorktown, returning at night without having encountered the enemy, but General Butler learned what he desired, that no rebel troops were en- trenched on that side of Fortress Monroe, the posting of which as he had been in- formed was the intention of General Magruder commanding the Confederates at Great Bethel. At a later date Lievitenant Sanuiel E. Chamljerlain with thirty-five men of Company C scouted up to within five miles of Yorktown, thence to Lee's Mills on James River and across the peninsula to Back River and returned safely after an absence of five da}S, making a report of the strength and position of the eneni}' which ten months afterwards was learned to have been remarkabh- correct. The first flag of truce in the war was re- ceived at an outpost of the Third Regiment when, after the battle of Big Pethel, Major Care}- of the rebel forces brought in the watch of Major Theodore Winthrop, who was killed in that fight. Major Winthrop, when he rode out that morning wore the sword of Colonel Wardrop, inscribed with that officer's name. It was taken from Major Winthrop' s body by a North Carolina officer and the report prevailed through the South that Colonel Wardrop of the Third Massachusetts had been killed in tliat action. Some years after the war was over the sword was returned to Colonel Wardrop. On July 16 the Regiment returned to Fortress Monroe and, with the exception of the companies of three years' men at- tached, embarked for home on the steamer, "Cambridge," which sailed at five p.m. and anchored off Long Wharf Bo.ston early in the morning of the nineteenth. Adjutant General Schouler ordered the Regiment to Long Island in Boston harbor where it went into camp while necessarj' arrangements for muster out were being made. It was discharged from the service of the United States, July 22, 1861, and landing at Com- mercial wharf in the forenoon of the twentj-- third was received by the First Corps of Cadets and escorted to the common where after review the companies were dismissed to their homes. The four companies of three years' men temporarily attached to the Third Regiment together with three companies attached to the Fourth Regiment and left at Fortress Monroe, remained as the " Massachu.setts Battalion " until Dec. 13, 1861, when three new companies were added and the com- mand became the Massachusetts Twenty- Ninth Regiment, one of the bravest and most gallant belonging to the state. Their close relations with the three months' men and the fact that they were of the very first of the three 3-ears' enlistments from Mass- achusetts and New England it was felt properly entitled them to the membership and the\- were accordingly voted into the " Association of Massachusetts Minute Men of '61." The Third, under Colonel Silas P. Rich- mond, served again in 1862-3 as a nine months' regiment in the Department of North Carolina, participating in the battles of Kinston, Whitehall and Golds1)oro. Consequent upon changes in the militia after the war, the Third and Fourth Regi- ments have disappeared from the roster of state troops, but with patriotic regard for the men who served their country so faith- fully and promptly in the hour of danger. 12 Minute Men of '61 Massachusetts keeps their regimental num- bers vacant, in imitation of Napoleon's order that at roll-calls of his veterans the response should be for the absent "Dead on the field of honor," and the remem- brance of these regiments lives in history, the archieves of the Commonwealth, and the memories of a grateful people. Tlie Assonet I/ight Infantry (Co. G. Third Reg-iment, M.V.M.) The Assonet I^ight Infantrj- Company- G, Third Regiment, Second Brigade, First Division, M.V.M. was organized at Assonet Village, Freetown, Mass., June 29, 1850, upon the petition of Robert P. Strobridge and fiftv-two others. In response to the call of President lyin- coln for troops, the company reported for duty at Boston, Mass., on the morning of April 16, 1861, and was quartered that night in Old Colony Railroad Hall. It embarked on the steamer " S. R. Spaulding" April 17, and sailed the next day for Fortress Monroe, Va., where it served three months, taking part in the destruction of the Norfolk Navy Yard on the night of April 20, 1861. Overcoats, flannel shirts, knapsacks, haversacks, tin cups, knives and forks were issued to the company on the ' ' Spaulding. ' ' Ammuni- tion was issued on the United States Ship Pawnee ' ' enroute from Fortress Monroe to Norfolk, Va. It garrisoned Fort Cal- houn (The Rip Raps), Hampton Roads, Va., from June 24 to July 16, 1861, and assisted in serving the celebrated ' ' Sawyer Gun" in firing at the rebel batteries at Sewell's Point, Va. Private Charles R. Haskins while on guard at Hampton, Va., May 24, 1861, captured three negroes that were stealthily approaching our lines with the intention of escaping from slavery. He took them to General Butler's headquarters. Their master soon appeared and demanded his property. He admitted the slaves had assisted in building rebel fortifications. General Butler therefore declared them to be contraband of war, refused to give them up, and set them to work in Fortress Mon- roe. The company was mustered out at Bos- ton, Mass., July 23, 1861, and paid off in gold at Assonet Village, August 14, 1861. Captain, $421.26; first lieutenant, |355.59; second lieutenant, $339.58; first sergeant, $78.42; sergeants, $68.61; corporals, $55.55; privates, $49.02. In September, 1862, the company was consolidated with Company A of Halifax, Third Regiment M.V.M. and served nine months in the department of North Caro- lina, Captain John W. Marble commanding the company- . In August, 1864, the members of Com- pany G, who had not attached themselves to other organizations in the field joined the Twenty-second Unattached Company, Captain John W. Marble commanding, and served one hundred days at Camp Meigs, Readville, Mass. Third Regiment Infantry BY AI'STIN S. CUSHMAN. This Regiment was under the command of Colonel David W. Wardrop and was composed of troops residing in localities more widely separated from their com- mander's headquarters and from Boston than any other regiment in the state, and therefore, in any comparisons which may be made with other troops regarding the relative rapidity of their mobilization in re- • sponding to the President's call for troops, this fact becomes important. It was in the afternoon of Monday, April 15, that Special Order No. 14 was issued by Governor Andrew and despatched by mail and special messengers to the respective colonels of the Third, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth and Fighth Regiments. The colonel of the Third, re- sided at New Bedford, a distance of fifty- six miles from Boston ; that of the Fourth at Quincy, eight miles ; that of the Fifth at Medford, five miles; that of the Sixth at Pepperell, forty-one miles, and that of the Eighth at D3'nn, 11 miles. The order was not received by Colonel Wardrop until evening. It was at once promulgated to Company D, and some members of his staff were despatched as messengers to con- vey his orders to the other companies. Horace Scott, President of the Fairhaven Minute Men of '61 13 Railroad, gratuitous!}- tendered a special train as far as Tremont for the messengers going to Halifax, Carver, Plympton and Ph-nioutli. The last named place was fifty- eight miles from New Bedford, not acces- sible at that time of night b}- railroad, nor were the other places above named. Yet Company A received its orders at two a.m., April 16, and Company B recei\-ed its orders at three a.m. April 16, and both companies reported in Boston at noon of the same day. It has not been possible to ascertain when Company G at Freetown received its orders, but it is credited with having reported for duty promptly. The same ma}' be said of Company H of Plymp- ton and Company K of Carver. The Free- town company had to travel forty-eight miles by rail; the Plimpton and Carver companies thirty miles and the Halifax company twenty-eight miles after leaving their homes, scattered miles apart, and distant from the railroad stations. It is surprising that with the limited railroad facilities of those days and without modern means of inter-communication by telegraph or telephone, in a cold spring northeaster, over roads almost impassable with mud and thawing snow, that the orders shoiild have been so rapidly transmitted and so promptly obe3'ed . Colonel David W. Wardrop was highly proficient in militar}- tactics. He had first served as lance corporal in the old Boston Fusileers and afterwards belonged to the City Guards of New Bedford. Some credited him with having had a West Point education. At all events he was in his element when performing any military dutv, and inspired his men with confidence in his military abilitv. He was prompt, courageous, and energetic, but his regi- ment was small and wideh- scattered over two counties. At the time of promulgating Special Order No. 14, it consisted of l)ut six companies. Yet he strove with the Governor for the honor of being the first regiment to leave the State. Captain Richardson's company from Camljridge was attached to the Regiment, April 16, as Company C. This Company had been raised several months before, in anticipation of the breaking out of hostili- ties, Ijy Lieutenant Chamberlain, and on the call for seventy-five thousand men had marched into Boston and tendered their services to the Governor as volunteers for three years. \\'liile at Fortress Monroe the command devolved upon Lieutenant Samuel F. Chamberlain, as Captain Rich- ardson was absent on leave. On May 9, at Fortress Monroe, Captain Chipman's com- pany from Sandwich, Captain Samuel H. Doten's company from Plymouth, Captain W. D. Chamberlain's company from Lynn and Captain J. K. Tyler's companj' from Boston, all three years' companies, were temporarily assigned to the Third Regi- ment and designated as Companies D, E, I and M, respectively. The original companies, inchiding Com- pany C, embarked on the steamer '' S. R. Spaulding " April 17, from Central Wharf in the early evening and dropped down the harbor to await supplies. She sailed under sealed orders the next forenoon to find, when nine miles out, that her destination was Fortress Monroe, which was reached at eleven a.m., Saturday-, April 20, after a vo3'age of forty-seven and one-half hours. That afternoon the Regiment embarked on the gunboat "Pawnee" and at five o'clock proceeded to Gosport Navy Yard under orders from Washington given to Commodore Paulding to destroy the dry- dock, construction-houses, yards, buildings and all vessels and munitions of war which could not by being removed, be secured against seizure by the rebels. In the dark- ness, and the uncertainty of whether the unexpected forces were friends or foes of the Union the " Pawnee " and all (in Jioard were for awhile exposed to the imminent peril of instant destruction Ijy a Ijroadside from the "Pennsylvania" and a raking fire from the " Cumberland," whose crews and some of whose officers remained loyal to the Union and stood with shotted guns and lanyards in hand breathlessly awaiting some sign by which the character of the mission of the approaching troops could ])ecome assured. Finally the repeated hail of the "Pawnee's" boatswain convinced the loyal sailors that loyal troops had come to their support, and then the night air re- echoed with enthusiastic shouts and added 14 Minute Men of '61 volume to the inspiring strains of the " Star Spangled Banner," which was played by the splendid band on the quarter-deck of the "Pennsylvania." Time has satisfied the public that the place could have been held, and the enor- mous loss , which resulted from the attemipt at destruction, avoided. It speaks well for the Third, that its Colonel was of that opinion at the time, and volunteered to hold it with his small force until reinforced. Commodore Paulding however felt com- pelled by his orders to decide otherwise, and soon buildings and ships were aflame as the various details proceeded with their several tasks. Even the detail taken from Company B to assist in mining the dry dock were driven from their work by the extreme heat before its entire accomplish- ment. Two companies. A, and B, were on guard as a reserve, as it was known that two rebel companies were at Norfolk. Other details threw cutlasses, sabres, shot and shell into the river, and every man worked energetically at his allotted task in the light of the great conflagration till he was ordered aboard the "Pawnee" for re- turn to Fortress Monroe, where she arrived Sunday, April 21, at six a.m. Thus the Third had been the first northern volunteer troops to land aggresvsively on southern soil. The duties at Fortress Monroe were very arduous and fatiguing and consisted in strengthening its defences, and unloading, handling and storing the enormous amount of provisions and other supplies for troops, which it was foreseen must be concen- trated there and in that vicinity. The Regiment won the favor of the regulars, both officers and men, bj- its excellent di.scipline, its strict attention to the details of guard duty and its precision in infantry drill. Colonel Dimick, the commandant, complimented Colonel Wardrop on com- mantling such a regiment, though the guard at the sea battery had, the night before, for not answering upon being thrice challenged fired at the boat in which Col- onel Dimick was returning from the "Minnesota," and wounded the cox- swain, near whom Colonel Dimick was seated . As soon as contrabands came into our lines in sufficient numbers (and Companj' G has the honor of turning in the first three, who applied for protection to Charles R. Haskins of M3-ricksville while on picket) they were assigned to the heavier labors of the quartermaster's department. The Regiment was thus enabled to pay more attention to its ordinary military duties. Ma}' 13, two companies and a field piece held Hampton bridge, and May 24, Com- panies B and M made a reconnoissance with General Butler and took two prison- ers. June 8, Company C, under command of Lieutenant Chaml^erlain, with loaded muskets suppressed insubordination in the "Naval Brigade." They were finally re- lieved b_v Company F, June 17. Jul}- 1, the Regiment was ordered to oc- cupy Hampton, a code of signal-lights was devised by the adjutant and Companies A, B and C, constituted the main guard. A rebel force was being organized at Big Bethel under General Magruder. Here, during the remainder of its term it gained experience in entrenching with the ther- mometer at 114 and scouting with the thermometer still one degree higher. One occasion (July 5), Companies I^, B and F, with a howitzer battery were stationed on picket all night, when an attack was ex- pected. July 14, a privat J of Company F was shot and beaten, Ijut not killed, while outside ciur lines. On July 16, the Regi- ment marched to Fortress Monroe, and embarked on the steamer, " Camljridge," for Boston. On July 19, touched at Ivong Wharf and was ordered into camp at Long- Island. On July 22 the Regiment was mustered out of the service of the United States. The next day it landed at Boston, marched to the Common amid great en- thusiasm and was dismissed. Minute Men of '61 IS Third Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 FIEI/D AND SSAFF ■^Colonel, David W. Wardrop, New Bedford. Lieutenant Colonel, Charles Raymond, Plymouth. Major, John H. Jennings, New Bedford * Surgeon, Alex. R. Holmes, New Bedford. ^Assistant Surgeon, Johnson Clark, New Bedford. Adjutant, Austin S. Cushman, New Bedford. Quarter Master, Edward D. AllEn, Fairhaven. "^ Sergeant Major, Alberto C. MaGGI, New Bedford. Quarter Master Sergeant, Frederick S. Gifford, New Bedford. Roster Co. A, Third Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (Halifax Light Infantry.) Organized in 1792. The response to the call for their services in 1861 proved that the spirit of 1812 was not extinct. Orders were received by the captain at two o'clock on the morning of April 16, and though the members were Scattered in eight different towns they were notified, and in a few hours assembled at the depot where they took the train for Boston that morning, being among the first to arrive. ^Capt., Joseph S. Harlow, Middleboro. ■\lsi. Lieut., Cephas Washbukn Jr., Kingston. 2d. Lieut., Charles P. Lyon, Halifax. 1st. Sen^t. , Arthur Harris, Bridgewater. ^ Sergt.,' Or eh V. Mitchell, Middleboro. *Scrgt., ErastusW. Everson, Dedliam. ^Theodore L. Bonney, Hanson. ■\Corp., Albert Josselyn, Pembroke. Corp.. Charles Iv. Bryant, Bridgewater. \Corp., Frederick O. Everson, Hanson. Corp., James W. Bryant, Middleboro. *Alexander, John F E. Bridgewater Bonney, Morton V Hanson tBourne, George H *Bourne, Josiah Bourne, Sylvanus Halifax *Bryant, Francis E tBryant, Oliver E *Capen, Alonzo Hanson Corser, Charles W *Goddard, William D Brookline Godfrey, Merritt, R Halifax *Gurney, Ebenezer H Hanson tHarden, Benjamin Bridgewater *Hayward, Lewis B Halifax Hill, Francis C Hanson ' Hill, Jacob P *Holmes, Freeman Bridgewater Holmes, Ivewis J Hood, William W Hanson Howard, Willard *Hurley, Patrick Boston *Jordan, Charles S Ivee, George H Bridgewater tlvyon, William A Halifax Marston William T tMitchell, Ophir D IMiddleboro Morton, Nathaniel Halifax tPoole, Horace W tPoole, Isaac *Pratt, Selden Ravmond, Isaac E •. Rice, George Charlestown tSmith, Ja.son Hanson Smith, Rettben, Jr tTliaver, Edwin S Tinkham, William M Middleboro *White, Charles A Boston Young, Edward C ~*Re-enlisted at end of three mouths' service and most of the others during war. TDead 16 Minute Men of '61 Compan}^ B, Third Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (Standish Guards.) Organized in 1818, and reorganized in 1851. At three a.m. , April 16, 1861, Captain Doten received his orders by a special courier from New Bedford. At 9.30 o'clock the same morning the conipan_v left Ply- mouth, arriving in Boston at noon and were quartered at the Old Colony depot where other members joined them in the aftetnoon . Captain, Chari.es C. Doten, Plymouth. '^ First Lieut., Otis Rogers, Phmouth. ^2d. Lieutenant, Wiei^iam B. Alexander, Boston '^ First Sergt., Charles H. Drew, Plymouth. *Sergt., Iveander h. Sherman, Plymouth. *Sergeant, Frank C. Goodrich, Boston. * Sergt., Jacob W. Southworth, Plymouth. Corporal, Job B. Oldham, Plymouth. Corporal, Augustus H. Fuller, Plymouth. Corporal, James H. Robbins, Plymouth. * Corporal, Thomas B. Atwood, Abington. *Allen, Sherman, Plymouth *Atwood, Timothy S Abington Barnes, Charles F Plymouth Barnes, George R Barnes, Ivevonzo D Barnes, Nathaniel F Barnes, William F Bartlett, Amasa M Bramhall, Fllis B Brown, Caleb N *Burbank, David W *Burbank, William S Chase, George H Churchill, Robert B *Crosby, Charles C Waltham *Davis, Albert F Plymouth *Drew, Josiah R *Drew, Stephen C Dixon, Lyman Faunce , Lemuel B Faunce, Solomon F Plymouth Fish, George H *Fuller, Theodore S. . . *Gilmore, Alexander Natick *Haley, Thomas Plymouth Handy, Azel W So. Woodstock, Ct. *Harlow, Sylvanus R Boston *Hartin, John F Kingston Holbrook, FHphalet Plymouth Holmes, Charles H Holmes, Isaac T *Holnies, Frederick Howard, Daniel D . . . *Jones, Charles *Jordan, Charles N *Leach, Frank S *lvucas, Daniel Abington *Lucas, John S Roxbury Mason, Charles Phmouth *Newhall, Alfred P ". .Lynn Perkins, Henry Plymouth Perry, Charles M Pierce, Charles W Pope, Rufus H Prior, Frastus O Abington *Ra3'mond, Harvey A Ripley, George W Boston Ripley, Henry Plymouth Robbins, Francis H Roberts, James I Boston Sherman, Winslow B Plymouth *Smitli, Fdward *Soule, William Kingston *vStandish, James C. Plymouth Swift, John Sylvester, John Tribble, James *Williams, John B *Re-enlisted at end of three months' service and most of the others during- the war.. tDead. Minute Men of '61 17 Company C, Third Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of ^61 The first company raised in Massachu- setts for the war, was formed January 1861. They received their orders at 10.30 o'clock in the evening of April 16, and reported themselves at the State House early next morning, where the officers were chosen and commissioned, and left for Fortress Monroe where they arrived on April 20. *Capf., James P. Richardson, Cambridge. *lst. Lieut., Sa:\iuel F. Chamb]<;rlain, Camljridge. *2d. Lieut., Fdwin F. Richardson, Cambridge. *lst. Sergi., John Kinnear, Cambridge. *Sergt., Francis M. Doble, Boston. *Sergt., George W. Smith, Cambridge. *Serot., Conrad D. Kinnear, Cambridge. Corp., Augustus' A. Thurston, Cambridge. *Corp., Daniei, F. Brown, Cambridge. *Corp., Benjamin F. Dexter, Cambridge. '^Corp., John F. Howe, Cambridge. Corp., Richard T. Marvin, Cambridge Musieiau. John C. Copp, Cambridge. Arker.son, Leonard Camljridge *Bate, Andrew J *Baxter, Joseph H *Berry, Albert C Berry, Fdward Boston Black, Isaac H Cambridge Bourne, Robert T *Bro\\»n, Charles B Brown, Daniel F Bushnach, Solomon ^I Cartwright, Joseph V Cate, James H Chandler, Edwin T Lexington *Chandler, Frederick Cambridge *Chandler, William Clark, William H "Colley, William A *Costello, Thomas Crabbie, Robert D Cambridge *Cronin, Jere C. , Jr *Cunningham, Hugh Boston *Davis, L/lewellyn 1'., Jr Camliridge Dakin, Charles R Ellison, Lowell F'airbanks, Edward E. .Stafford Springs, Ct. Frederickson, Thomas W Camljridge *Gafney, John C *Gamble, Robert J Gamble, Thomas *Ga3', Joseph Green, John Abington Griffing, Abner A Cambridge Hale}-, James W' Harty, Samuel D Hastings, George H *Hawkes, Devi Hay ward, William A Hill, Frederick A Boston Hitchcock, Simon D Cambridge *Holt, Alfred F *Howard, Patrick Howlett, Charles M Kavannaugh, William AV)ingtoit Kelley, Frank E Boston Kennedy, Paul Caml)ridge Kinnear, Conrad D King, John W Stoneham Damson, George W Camljridgt- *Dibl3ey , Sanuiel H Ducy, Samuel C Duc}-, Thomas H *Martiu, Thomas *Marvin, Richard T Mason, Alfred J Mayers, Joseph *McDonald, Thomas Dorchester McQuillan, Eugene H Cambridg\- McQuillan, Michael Melcher, Daniel R Moore, Horatio C Claremont, N. II. Nickels, (ieorge T Cambridge *Re-enlisted. 18 Minute Men of '61 Norris, Thomas A. B., Jr Cambridge Peiiniman, James W *Peirce, Calvin D *Preston, Thomas Roxbury Richards, William W Dorchester Russell, William R Boston Shannon, William Canibridge *Sheedy, James Boston *Slate, Charles S Cambridge Slocomb, Samuel F Smith, Henry A Smith, John Stetson, Charles E Boston *Stone, Warren F Cambridge *Sullivan, Michael Boston Sullivan, Timothy Fall River Tibbetts, \\'illiam H Cambridge Titus, Charles H Walpole, N. H. Trulan, Kdwin H Cambridge Vose, John Somerville * Waters, George W Cambridge Wheelock, George W White, Henry *White, John A * Wilson, Andrew Dorchester *Re-enlisted. FANEUII, HAIJ,, BOvSTON, MASSACHUSETTS Minute Men of '61 19 Company D, Third Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of ^61 (Afterwards Compnn\- D, Twentx-Niiith Massachusetts Volunteers.) This company was organized in Sandwich earl}- in Ma}-, 1861, and left for Boston, May 17, and direct from thence to Fortress Monroe. A flag was presented them by Major S. B. Phinney, of Barnstable. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. CAPTAINS. Charles Chipman, Sandwich, commis- sioned Major of the Regiment December 13, 1861. Charles Brady, Sandwich, promoted fron; First Lieutenant, Jannar\- 4, 1862. F'irst Lieutenant, Henry A. Kern, Sand- wich, promoted from Second Lieutenant, January 4, 1862. Second Lieiitenant, Augustus D. Ayling, Lowell, commissioned January 4, 1862. NON-C( )MMISSIONED OFFICERS AND PRIVATES. SERGEANTS. Stuart, William, .Baltimore Atherton, James H., Sandwich Brady, Edward CORPORALS. Coleman, David B Barnstable Hamlin, Benj. H., Sandwich, promoted Sergeant. Breese, William, Sandwich, promoted Sergeant. McKenna, Michael, Sandwich MUSICIANS. Crocker, George E., Provincetown com- mis.sioned Fife Major of the Regiment. Dalton, Christopher B Sandwich PRIVATES. Badger, George \\' Sandwich Badger, Gustavus A Ball, James Bruce, George F Collins, John T vSandwich Cox, James Cook, James Clancey, Patrick Chapman, Thos. W New Bedford Clieval, Alfred. . Sandwich Campbell, John Darby, Thos. F'., E. Cambridge, promoted to corporal. Dean, Timothy vSandwicli Dean, Warren P Donnelly, Edward Eaton , Joseph W Eldridge, Perez Fagan, John Fuller, Benj Ginne}-, James Hunt, Samuel W Hathaway, Alden P New Bedford Harkins, Charles G Sandwich Heslin, Michael, Sandwich, discharged. Heald, James H vSandwich Hoxie, David A., Sandwich, killed at New- port News by the explosion of Sawyer's gun, Feb. 1862. Hoxie, Z. H vSandwich Hoxie, D. H Jones, Charles E James, Wm. D New Bedford Keene, David vS Sandwich Kehn, Martin L. Jr., Sandwich, promoted to corporal. Long, Patrick Sandwich McElroy, Patrick McNulty, Peter McAlanery, John McDermott, Wm I'hinne}-, Isaac H Russell , Peter , Robbins, C. F Russell, Philip Smith* William J Swift, Francis C Turner, Joseph 20 Minute Men of '61 Wri.s^ht, Clias. S Sandwich joined AFTER The regiment i^eft \Vri,ij;lit, Anderson MASSACHUSETTS. Woods, John Bumpus, F. G Wareham tWoods, Wni. H Ford, N. C Barnstable Woods, Francis Gaffney, A.J E. Cambridge Woods, Jas. H Haines, J. B vSandwich Ward , Jas Madigan, J.J • Woodward, Wni. H : ; TDead During: the Southern Rebellion Presi- dent I/incoln called for the following troops, which promptly responded April 15. '61. 75.000. 3 months. May 3, '61. 82.748. 3 years. July 22, '61. 500,000, 3 years. July 2, '62, 30.000, 3 years. Aug. 9. '62, 300.000, 9 months. June 16, '63, 1.000. 6 months. Oct. 17. '63. 300.000. 2 years. Feb. 1. '64, 200,000, 2 years. March 14, '64, 200,000, 3 years. April 23, "64. 85,000, 100 days. July 18, '64. 500.000 Dec. 19, -64. 300.000 1. 2. 3 years. Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's Farewell Order to his Men General Joseph E. Johnston, in his farewell order to his confederate army, said: "L,ay down >'Oiir arms, cease \onr bloodshed and go back to your homes and make as g-ood law abiding citizens as you have made good soldiers, for we must all again live under the same government." Representative Recruits in the War of the Rebellion During the war of the rebellion, six hundred and twenty-seven residents of Massachusetts, persons not liable to do military service, or subject to any draft, furnished to the United .States six hundred and thirty-two representative recruits ; that is, they hired and paid for this nmnber of men to represent them in the war for the preservation of the Union: One very interesting fact relative to the above is, that out of the six hundred and twenty-seven furnishing recruits, eighty-seven of them were women. " On fame's eternal camping grounds, Their silent tents are spread. And glory guards, with solemn rounds, The bivouac of the dead." United States Wars Wai- of the Revolution. 1775-8. Indian XVar in Ohio Territory. War with the Barbary .States. Tecumseh Indian war. 1811. War with Great Britain. 1812. Algerine war. Rhode Island, 1841. First Seminole war, 1817. Black Hawk war, 1831. vSecond Seminole war. 1856. Mexican war. 1846-8. Mormon war. 1856. Civil war. .Southern rebellion, 1861-5. Modoc war. 1872. War with .Spain, 1898. War with Philippine Islands, 1899. Cost of Wars Italian War 3300.000,000 and 45.000 lives. Prussia and Austrian War $333,000,000 and 45.000 lives. Russia and Turkish War $135,000,000 and 250.000 lives. France and Prussia War $4,000,000,000 and 196,000 lives. Russia and F:ngland War $2,000,000,000 and 750.000 lives. United States War of the Rebellion 1861-1865 $7,400,000,000 and 830. OOO lives. History says "the loss of the war of 1812 was 1 in 85, Mexican war 1 in 20, War of the Rebellion 1 in 7. "Union looses During- The War of the Rebellion Cause of Death. officers. Men. Total. Killed or died of wound i 6.365 103.673 110,038 Died of disease 2.795 221.791 224.586 Drowned 106 4.838 4.944 Other accidental deaths 142 3.972 4.114 !\Iurdered 37 487 524 Killed after capture 14 86 100 Committed suicide 26 365 391 Executed 267 267 Executed bv the eneniA- 4 60 64 Died from sunstroke 3 308 313 Other known causes 62 1.972 2,034 Causes not stated 28 12.093 12,121 •Total 9.584 349,912 359,496 Minute Men of '61 21 Company E, Third Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (Afterwards Company E. Twenty-Ninth Massachusetts Vohmteers.) Enlisted May 6, 1861, for three years unless sooner discharged. Embarked at Boston for F'ortress Monroe on May 18, md temporarily attached to Third Regi- ment. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. CAPTAIN. Samuel H. Doten, Plymouth. FIRST LIEUTENANTS. John B. Collingwood, Phmoutli, ap- pointed Adjutant of the Regiment. Freeman A. Tabor, New Bedford, com- missioned December 16, 1861. second lieutenant. Thomas A. Mayo, Plymouth. NON-COMMIvSSIONED OFFICERS AND PRIVATES. sergeants. Robbins, Edward 1/ Plymouth Jenks, Horace A Atwood, John M Morey, George S corporals. Winsor, Peter, Kingston, promoted ser- geant. Wadsworth, George E Plymouth Standish, Winslow B F'uller, Ichabod C privates. Adams, Columbus Kingston Atwood, Charles Carver Alexander, John K Plymouth Barnes, Winslow Beytes, Antome, Kingston Burgess, Nathaniel Plymouth Barnes, Moses S Burrows, Simeon H., wounded in a skir- mish July 14, 1861 Barnes, Ellis D Plymouth Burbank, George E Bradford , George F" Blanchard, Andrew Barnes, W. C Blake , Ivawrence R Bradford, Cornelius Bum pus, Benjamin P' Churchill , Sylvanus L, Collingwood, Thomas Dunham, Barnabas Eddy, Henry F Freeman, Philander Gooding, William P., promoted corporal.. Gay, Timothy E Hayden , Thomas ^\' Holbrook, James S., promoted corporal. . . Holmes, Orrin D Holmes, Seth I^ Harlow, Samuel H., promoted corporal. . . Howland, William H Hall, John F., wounded by the bursting of Sawyer's gun at Newport News, Febru- ary, 1862 Harkins, Alexander Kimball, Henry A., promoted corporal... Mullen, Thomas P Merriam, Charles E Middleton, William R Carver Morton Iv. B. prontoted corporal.... Pl\inouth Morey, William Morton , Isaac , Jr Morrison, John E Nickerson, William T Pierce, George F Patv, Seth W., badly wounded ]\v the bursting of Sawyer's gun at Newport News : Pittee, William H Penber, John H Phinne}', Otis W Plympton Robbins, Henrv H Plvmouth 22 Minute Men oe '61 Robbins, Albert R Plymouth Thomas, Frank A Plymouth Simmins, Albert Vaughan, Frederick H Simmons, Frank H Vaughan, Leander M Standish, Miles Warner, Alfred B. , promoted corporal Swift, William Washburn, John Kingston Shannon , John Williams, David Plymouth Smith, Patrick Whiting, Joseph B Stillman, James E Wright, Samuel C Thrasher, S. D Williams, William Thompson, Walter Plympton April 15, 1861, while Captain Knott V. Martin of Marblehead was butchering a hog, Adjutant Edward W. Hincks, (afterwards Gen'l Hinck=) arrived at five p.m. with the first Call from President Ivincoln, sent by Governor Andrew, and within an hour Cap- tain Martin's Company was On the road and the first equipped to arrive in Boston. Minute Men of '61 23 Company G, Third Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (Assoiiet lyigrht Infaiitr.v.) Was organized in 1850. The company promptly responded to the call in April, 1861, and served three months with the Third Regiment at Fortress Monroe and at the Rip Raps. Capt., John W. Marble, Freetown. 1st. Lieut., Humphrey A. Francis, Freetown . *2ud. Lieut., John M. Dean, Freetown. *lst. Sei'gt., James H. Hathaway, Freetown. *Sergt., George D. Wh^liams, Freetown. Corp., Frederic Thayer, Freetown. Corp., Chester W. Briggs, Freetown. Clark, James C Haskell , James H Haskins, Charles R Taunton Haskins, Ephraim H Haskins, George H Freetown Haskins, Russell Taunton Haskins, Urial Hathaway, Riissell H Freetown Hill, David B Mai com, John Taunton Pickens, I^uther Freetown Pierce, Columbiis Taunton Putnam, George F Nashua, N. H. Read, Fdward E Freetown Richmond, Welcome H Whittaker, James H Taunton Winslow, Benedict A Freetown *Re-enlisted 24 Minute Men oe '61 Company H, Third Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (Samoset Guards.) Organized in 1835. Was first organized as a rifle company, and subsequent!}' the charter was changed making it an infantry compau}'. Ivike the other companies of the Regiment they had but a short notice, but were read}- to start with the others on the seventeenth of April for Fortress Monroe. Capt., IvUCiKN Iv. Perkins, Plympton. 1st. Lieut., Oscar E. Washburn, Plympton . 2nd. Lieut., vSouthworth IvOring, Middleboro. 1st. Sergt., Ira S. Hoi,mes, Plympton. Sergt., Jonathan C. Bi.anchard, Plympton. Sergt., John B. Wright, Plympton. Sergt., OivivER H. Bryant, Kingston. Corp., Edwin A. Wright, Plympton. *Corp., John Jordan, Ph-mpton. *Corp., Henry K. Eli-Xinth Massachusetts \'olunteers.) This company was recruited Ijy Captain Chamberlain April 19, 1861, and was originally intended for three months" ser- vice. May 8, this company marched to the State Hoiise, Boston, voted to enlist for three \'ears, and May 10 sailed for Fortress Monroe in the steamer, "Pem- broke," and attached to the Third Regi- ment. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. CAPTAIN. William D. Chamberlain, Ivynn. FIRST lieutenant. A. Augustus Oliver, Lynn. second lieutenant. John E. Smith; Lynn, wounded by the explosion of the Saw>'er gun at New- port New'S, Va., February, 1862. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS AND PRIVATES. SERGEANTS. Burns, William H L^'un Barnicoat, John W Atwill, Aaron C Goodwin, Frank CORPORALS. Parker, Gardner Lynn Hay, Henry E Downing, Nathaniel J Townsend, George PRIVATES. Atlams, William H Lvnn Armstead, George W Badger, Joseph M Betton, Charles I Bonner, Charles C Bowman, W. W. Swampscott, severel}- woundeil at the explosion of a vSawyer gun at Newport News, February 6, 1862. Blaney, Augustus A., Swampscott, taken prisoner October 21, carried to Rich- mond Januar}- 3, was released, and returned to the company. Caldwell, Joseph P Swampscott Childs, Isaac H Chesle}-, William Chamberlain, Charles Cunimings, John H Daily, William P Dearmid, James G New Hampshire Dow, Charles vS Lvnn Dow, John C Dow, Joseph A Durgin, John A Forsyth , George W Fowler, George P Glass, Thomas L Grover, Lucius B . . • Greene, William P Gould, Daniel Maine Hall, John H Lynn Hammond , George H Harris, Charles E Swainp.scott Hillis, Alonzo, Lynn Horton, George Swampscott Jewett, George W Lynn Kemp, Elbridge G Lee, David Linsde}', George A Millett, Joseph A Swampscott Moulton , John B Lynn Moulton , Solomon Miller, John S Manchester Phillips, Jacob Lynn Pickett, Thomas Raw-son, Elbridge M Rich , George H Rogers, Clifford I Rand, Curtis S Shaw, John H 26 Minute Men oe '61 Swan, David A Ivjmn Clark, Ira A. Swan, William R Clark, Frederick A. Swain, "^ James M Collins, Jennison P. Sullivan, George Clough, Melvin F. Tarr, Andrew H Newbiiryport Doak, Oliver H. P. Thompson, Benjamin E Lynn Dunsmore, Andrew. Williams William K Fields, Orrin. Willey, Isaac O Gardner, Benjamin S. Gove, Charles F. joined aeter the regiment i,eet Goodwin, James F. MASSACHUSETTS. !!^^^^^' ,^?^" ^, Keyer, Walter A. Batchelder, Edward G. McNulty, Dominic. Batchelder, John Q. Short, Joseph A. Bartoll, Thomas R. Williams, Lyman R. Minute Men oe '61 27 Company K, Third Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (Bay State Light Infantry.) Organized in 1852. lyieutenant William vS. McFarlin was chosen captain and was acting in that capacity at the time the Regiment was ordered into active service in April, 1861. A part of the company were nnable to leave at this time, but soon after joined their comrades at Fortress Monroe. *Capf., William S. McFarlin, S. Carver. Isf. Lieut., John Dunham, No. Carver. *_';/(/. JAciit., Francis Iv. Porter, New Bedford. 1st. Sergt., Asa Shaw, Middleboro. *Sergt., Hiram O. Tillson, Carver. Sergt., Robert P. Morse, Carver. *Sergt., I^iNUS A. Shaw, Carver. *Corp., Elbridge a. Maxim, Middleboro. Corp., Charles M. Packard, Sandwich. Corp., Ebenezer a. Shaw, Middleboro. Corp., Henrv W. Winsley, Wareham. *Atwood, Eli, Jr Middleboro *Atwood, John S Bates, George E Carver *Battles, Otis L Wareham Benson, Jeremiah *Bent, Joseph F Carver Besse, Elisha G Wareham Besse, James W Booth, Charles R New Bedford *Bumpiis, David P Wareham Bumpus, Hosea C Burgess, Howard Sandwich Carsley, William W Fairhaven Caswell, I^^eander W Wareham *Chipman , George E *Chubbuck, Benjamin C Cobb, John M Carver *Coggeshall , Josiah W *Crittenden , John F Wareham Davenport, John M New Bedford Dunham, Joseph W Wareham *French , George H *Gammons, Cxeorge N Middleboro (xiflford, Henry M New Bedford ( Tould , lyoring P Boston *Heath, Cxeorge M Wareham Howland, George W., 3d. . .New Bedford *Jefferson, Martin F Middleboro Ivuscomb, George G New Bedford McFarlin , Henry I^ Middlelwro *Morse, Levin vS Murdock, Charles C Wareham Phinney, Sylvester O Sandwich Phinney, William W Ra3'mond, William B Wareham Rounseville, William H Ryan, James vSampson, Thomas W Middleboro Sanborn, John D Carver Seaver, Joseph N Wareham vShaw, George H Carver Shaw', Jonathan W Sherman, Joseph S Wareham ShurtlefT, Seth H Stringer, James H Carver Stringer, Joseph Tillson, Hiram B Tinkham, Joseph W Wareham Tripp, Stephen T Vail , Isaac B Carver Henrv W. Winsbv Wareham *Re-enlisted at end of service; mo.st of the others soon after 28 Minute Men of '61 Compan}^ L, Third Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (New Bedford Guards.) BY A. S. CUSHMAN Company T^ was generally known as the "New Bedford City Guards." The first meeting for its organization was held July 22, 1852, and on August 31 follow- ing George A. Bourne was commissioned its Captain. He had previously been com- missioned Captain of Company K in the Third Regiment Ivight Infantry, Second Brigade, First Division, which existed in New Bedford and was known as the ' ' City Guards." Captain Bourne resigned Jan- uary 19, 1847, and the Company was dis- banded August 8, 1849. Captain Bourne commanded the "New Bedford City Guards" till 1854, when he resigned, and was svicceeded by Captain Timothy Ingra- ham who was in command at the time of the receipt of Special Order No. 14, dated April 15, 1861, which ordered the company to report immediately in Boston. The New Bedford City Guards under Captain Ingraham soon became noted for proficiency in drill. His son was a cadet at West Point, and through him the father was able to be kept fully informed in advance of publication of all changes adopted by the War Department. The companj' not only adopted the complete uniform of the cadets, but excelled in the tactics afterwards promulgated by the War Department as " Hardee's Tactics, " which formed a part of the instruction at West Point. As a part of their fatigue dress the Guards wore a unique scarlet jacket from which they were jocularly termed when at exercise drills, the " Lobster-backs. " Be- sides their complement of company officers they had an independent staff and a full band. They drilled as a battalion as well as a company. They acquired many of the improvements which characterized the noted Ellsworth Zouaves and prided them- selves upon excellence in skirmishing drills, the "silent manual," bayonet exer- cise, and guard duty. When Governor Andrew issued his pre- paratory order of January 16, 1861 almost the entire company volunteered to respond to any call for duty without the borders of the state so that when Special Order No. 14 was promulgated late in that Mon- day evening, April 15, the}' flocked to their armory as the news spread, to learn of the arrangements for their departure. There was little sleep that night in the homes of its members. What might be their ulti- mate de.stination none could decide. An ominious darkness shrouded the immediate future into which they were being ushered, trusting in Providence and confident in their acquired military knowledge. The few short hours before their departure were devoted to hasty arrangements to provide for their families and business while absent. Early the next morning they responded to the roll-call and at eight o'clock left the armory for an uncer- tain future. Their uniform was similar to that worn by the West Point cadets, — a beautiful grey, black and gold. Meanwhile the citizens had organized a fitting public demonstration of patriotic feeling to bid them God-speed, so that they were not permitted to leave until the city's great heart found expression bj^ a popular clergyman craving devine protec- tion to its gallant youth and Ex-Governor John Henry Clifford had eloquently bade a final farewell with thrilling assurances of civic pride and neighborly love, pledging the united support of the entire commun- ity. Then to the inspiring music of its Minute Men oe '61 29 own 1)111(1 the conipaii}- marched to the I'airhaven ferry accompanied by such an enthusiastic crowd as never before had l)eeii seen in the cit}-. Owing to the extra- ordinary duties imposed upon the railroads which somewhat interfered with the regu- lar train schedules the company did not reach Boston till noon. It was quartered temporarily- near the Old Colony depot and at night, through the courtesy of the New Kngland ("Tuards, slept in their quarters over the Boyleston Market. Ivieutenant Porter returned to New Bedford. The next day, Wednesday April 17, L/ieu- tenaiit Barton joined his company in Bos- ton . In the afternoon it marched to the State House, received its colors and was addressed l)y Governor John A. Andrew, and then, amid the most enthusiastic demonstrations of the excited populace proceeded to Cen- tral Wharf where it embarked on the steamship " vS. R. Spaulding," which dropped down the harbor awaiting sup- plies. While at anchor down the ba}' on April IS, a Ijoat came alongside and a young man clambered over the side who stated that he wanted to enlist. He was instantly recognized Ij}- I^ieutenant Cu.shman as Kdward I^. Pierce, a former c )llege-mate, and at once enrolled in Com- pany Iv. At Fortress Monroe, as .soon as "contrabands'" came flocking around the fort for protection, he was assigned to the congenial duty of caring for their welfare, and pro\ ed a most useful acquisition. At the end of his duty at Fortress Monroe he was appointed to perform similar service at Port Royal, S. C, and during the war aided materially in developing the former slaves of the South into defenders of the Union and as useful citizens. On arriving at Fortress Monroe Company Iv effi- ciently performed every duty to which it was assigned, although its costly uniforms were quickly ruined by mounting heavy guns and the hamlling of immense quan- tities of quarter-master's supplies, besides the ordinary routine of military duty. From the company main- were detailed for dut}' at Post Headquarters, scouting, and unusual guard duty. Captain Ingraham, who had been compelled by sickness to return on the tug boat on April 18 and Lieutenant Porter, accompanied In- several recruits, reached Fortress Monroe on May 5; the former resumed command, but Lieutenant Porter (fourth lieutenant), being supernumerary under the army regulations was, with the recruits, mus- tered into Company K. July 11, the Regi- ment was mustered out of the service of the United States. On the company's return to New Bed- ford at the end of its tour of service it received a popular ovation and was heartily welcomed home. Many of its members sulxsequently served as officers in regiments which were formed during the war. The .state finally reimbursed the Guards for their ruined uniforms. *Ca/)f., Timothy Ingr.\h.\m, New Bedford. 7sf. Lieut., J.\.MKS B.\RTON, New Bedford. 2nd. Lieut., Au.sTix vS. Cu.shm.^n, New Bedford. ^■Ist. Sergt., S.^Mi'EL C. Hart, New Bedford. *Scrgt., WiLLi.\M M. B.\te.s, New Bedford. Sergt., Flisha Doane, New Bedford. Sergt., Thomas S. Palmer, New Bedford. Corp., N.\than B. Mavhew, New Bedford. *Corp., Walter D. Keith, New Bedford. Corp., Timothy D. Cook, New Bedford. *Corp., Anthony D. Lang, New Bedford. 3Lnsieia>!, George H. Ch.\.se, New Bedford. Allen, Thomas C. , Jr New Bedford Allen, William H Annand, Augustus Boston * Avery, Charles N Babcock, John H. M New Bedford Barrows, George Barrows, Isaac H Blake, Peleg W *Bly, Ezra K... Brady , Owen Butler, Daniel A Carnes, Rollins Boston Clay, Hosea C Collins, Charles M New Bedford Conley, Owen P Boston Davis, Jonathan ^\' New Bedford Davis, Pardon A *Re-enlisted. 30 Minute Men of '61 *Davis, William G New Bedford Delano, William Endicott, Ingersoll B Boston Ferris, Anson E New Bedford Freeman, George H Boston Grant, Charles New Bedford Hall, Daniel W Hamblin, Josiah P *Hart, Isaac C *Hatliaway, James H Herley, Francis Henshaw, John G Hicks, Edward *Hillman, Rowland L,"^ Hood , John P Hunt, George W Kelley, Franklin S Boston *Lee, George P New Bedford Manchester, William E Martin, Thomas Moore , Warren Morris, Charles H Boston Negus, Ira S New Bedford Nye, Albert H Nye, Joseph E *Palmer, George S New Bedford Pierce, Edward h Milton Richards, Edward R New Bedford Rix , Jonathan M Ro1)bins, Eliphalet H Rol)inson , Sanford M *Russell, Andrew \V Salisbury, William H Sears, George T Sisson , George P Sisson , William H *Skinner , James B Staples, Frank Taylor, William H *Terry, Timothy \\' Thomas, Harrison O Wareliam Tobey, Charles H New Bedford To1)ey, Franklin, Jr *Upjohn, Aaron, Jr Walker, Charles B West, Charles *Wilcox Henr}- A Wilcox, Seth A Young, Angus W *Re-enUsted. Minute Men of '61 31 Company M, Third Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (Afterward Company B. Twenty-Ninth, Massachusetts Volunteers.) Formerly Company M, Boston, and attachetl to the Third Regiment, Captain J. K. Tyler, resigned July 18, 1861 ; First Lieutenant Samuel A. Bent, resigned July 18, 1861. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. CAPTAINS. ISRAici^ N. Wilson, J. K. TvLKR. FIRST LIEUTENANT. Ezra Riplev, Cambridge. SECOND lieutenant. Thomas H. Adams, Boston. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS AND PRIVATES. SERGEANTS. Frost, Walter E. Boston Mitchell, Jos. L Cambridge Freel, Jas Braintree Brown, Benj. B So. Boston Hodgkins, Emery Gloucester CORPORALS. Goodwin, Warren Bridgewater Mosher, Wm. H E. Bridgewater Hayes , Ivawrence Boston Magee, Hent}- E Carlton, F. Oscar Andover Kelty, Jos. H So. Newmarket, N. H. Dean, Horace A Boston LfUcas, John musicians. Baker, Wm. H Boston Cable, Jas So. Boston Fairbanks, Geo. W PRIVATES. Anderson, Jno. B Dorchester Andrews, Geo. W E. Cambridge Babcock, Wm. C Framingham Baker , Wm Boston Bent, George O Framingham Bowen, Chas. F Boston Brigham, Henry W Dorchester Bryant, Ira A vSo. Braintree Brogan , James Boston Brady, Thos So. Weymouth Britton, Wm. T Mansfield Billam, John New York Campbell , Jas Carolin, William Boston Clark, John Aljington Collins, Wm. S Lowell Chase, Ezra A ; . . . . Conwa}-, Thos. (discharged) ...So. Boston Cruse, Thomas Boston Donnelly, John Dorgan, Michael Roxbury Eagan, Stephen H Boston Einerson, Wm. D Vermont Feenay, Patrick F So. Boston Finnert}-, Thos., (discharged )... Roxbury Flood, Stephen E Lowell Furbush, Richard R., (discharged) Charlestown (Tammans, George H., (discharged) Charlestown Getchell, Charles E Boston Oilman, Lyford, J New Hampshire Gorham, George F Billerica Gorham , John J Gravlin, John B Grant, Samuel Boston Gray , Wm Hall, Frank Hanley , Dennis Hale, George H Billerica Hayes, Thomas Lawrence Hancock , John Gloucester Minute Men of '6l Harris, Thos So. Boston Hig-gins, Daniel R Milford Hill, James. Lincoln Ham, Fo.ster Billerica Helton , John Hing^ton, Allan Boston Johnson, Daniel R Milford Kelly, Thomas New Jer.sey Kelly, John A Ivowell Kimljall, Delavan New Hampshire La Rochelle, Anthony N. Bridgewater Leonard , Matthias Roxbury Little, .Robert Charlestown Locke, Ward Billerica Lynch, Henry Haverhill Marshall, Hermon Lowell Manning, Thos Billerica Mahoney, Timothy J Boston Messer, James M Charlestown Molin, Bernard Gloucester Minton, Martin Roxbury Moran , Patrick So. Natick McNultv, Charles Roxbury Murphy, "Wm. H So. Boston ( )'Brien, Edward J O'Brien, Theobald M O'Brien, John J Tvowell Odell, Thomas vSo. Boston O'Reilly, Francis D Lowell I'earsons, Aaron L Roxbury Ratchford, John D So. Boston Reed, Jas. (t., (deserted) Lawrence Riley, John Camljridge vStewart, John C Billerica Shephard, James W., killed l)y explosion of gun Short, Wm. E Lowell Stodder, John H Charlestown Savage, Henry H Boston Sullivan, Philip Smithers, John B Thompson, John M Fairhaven Thompson , Patrick E Cambridge Whitney, George S S. Braintree Williams, Wm Milford Minute Men oe '61 Gex. Sami-el E. Chamberlain. Barre, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Third Massachusetts U. S. Vohinteers Samuel E. Chamberlain was born Nov. 28. 1S29, at Centre Harbor. N. H., and was educated in the public schools of Boston. He served as an enlisted man in the First United States Dragoons during the war with Jlexico, and took part m the storm- ing of Monterey Sept. 21-23, 1846, and the battle ot Buena Vista. Feb. 22-23. 1847. He afterwards ser^-ed with Texan Rangers m Sonora and Arizona in suppressing Apache out- rages, employed bv the Mexican Governor ot Dur- ango. In the fall of 1853 he was of Walker's expe- dition to "extend the area of freedom" in I^ower California, and participated in the affairs at l/.i Paz. San Thomas and Ea Ensinada. On the breaking out of the Civil War he was, on April 17, 1861, commissioned First Eieutenant Com- pany C, Third Regiment, M. V. M. This company was raised in Cambridge, and was the first volun- teer company in the United States for the war. On his return from the three months' campaign he enlisted as a private in the First Massachusetts Cavalry, ■ was commissioned Captain Nov. 25. 1861, Major" Oct. 30,1862, Eieutenant-Colonel March 5, 1,864 Colonel Sept. 30, 1864, and brevetted Brigadier- (ieneral for gallant and meritorious ser\-ice in covering retreat of Gregg's Division of Ca%-alry at the disastrous battle of St. Mary's Church, Va., June 25 1864. He had fourteen horses shot in battle, and was wounded seven times. Mustered out in October, 1865. He served on the staffs ot Governors Bullock and Claflin as assistant Quarter- Master General with the rank of Colonel. Died. 1908. 34 Minute Men of '61 Harrisox O. Thomas. Brockton, IMass. Minute Men of '61 Company I,, Third Regiment, M.V.M. Company D, 18th Mass. Vol. "Citizen thomas" In a book published by H. S. Crocker & Co., of San Francisco, Cal., entitled " Records of the Members of the Grand Army," are mentioned those veterans who were present at the National Encampment in San Francisco, and among the many is that of Mr. H. O. Thomas, of this city, whose creditable war record as given below, is very interesting: H. O. Thomas was born in Wareham, Mass. His occupations in life have been clerk and merchant. Enlisted in New Bedford City Guards, Company I^, Captain Ingraham, Third Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteer Militia, April 16, 1861, for three months' service (called The Minute Men of 1861,") under the first call of President Uncoln for troops to suppress the rebel- lion; at the expiration of term of service, he re-enlisted in Companj- D, (Captain Stephen Thomas, Middleboro Company), Minute Men oe '61 35 Eighteenth Regiment, Massachusetts In- fantry Volunteers, for three jears, assigned to the First Brigade, First Divi- sion, Fifth Army Corps, Arm}- of the Potomac; participated in the siege of Yorktown, Peninsular and Chickahominy Campaigns entire. General Stoneman's Detached Expedition, Battles of Antietam (support of battery engaged), Shephards- town Ford, vSecond Bull Run, and at Fredricksburg, Va. In the latter battle he was shot through the right arm, necessit- ating the removal of broken bones and causing the loss of use of arm. In consequence of this permanent dis- ability he was discharged from service. As soon as recovery from wounds would per- mit, he returned to the front as a citizen, marching and camping with his old com- rades and associates, and in time of battle entering the Field Hospital and officiating with such ability and noticeable aptitude as to receive special praise from Surgeon- in-Chief DeWitt and Surgeon-in-Charge Thomas, of the First Division, F^ifth Corps, Field Hospital, all of which service he rendered at his own expense; he became known as "Citizen Thomas" — a sobriquet bestowed upon him l)y his old comrades; in this manner, without pa\- or au}- desire for compensation, he served until the end of the war. He is a member of F^letcher Webster Post, No. 13, Ct-A-R of Brockton, Mass., being the first member initiated into the Post, July 16, 1867, from which time to the present he has never severed his con- nection with the Post. [He is a member of the Association of "Minute Men of '61;" Past President of the F'ighteenth Ma.ssachusetts Regiment of Volunteers Association; he is a Knight Templar; also a member of all the differ- ent Masonic Degree lyodges in the city of Brockton, Mass.; Aleppo Temple, A. A. O., N. M. Shrine, Boston; the Electric Lodge, I. O. O. P\, Banner Lodge, N. E. O. P., and American Benefit Society, of Brockton.] (_)n the reception and entertainment of the Crrand Army, at Boston, in August, I 1890, Representative Thomas, ("Citizen ' Thomas"), of the city of Brockton, was appointed by vSpeaker Barrett as one of the ; Legislative committee. — Brockton Daily Enterprise. Of the individuals booked for the fir.st ' transport and headed for Chili, Mr. H. U. Thomas, of Brockton — " Citizen Thomas" — is eminent. —Boston Journal, Jan. 19, 1S90. He is Po.st Historian of Fletcher Webster Post, No. 13, G-A-R Brockton, Mass., since creation of the office, and compiler and writer of personal service sketches of menjbers and past members of the Post, being assigned to the dutv in 1890. Copy Oct. 25, 1905. Monument to Rougrh Riders. Copy, in part, from the '"Brockton Daily lintcr prise, Brockton, Mass., September 21, 1898. H. (). Thomas ("Citizen Thomas'" ) of this city who has lately returned from a vacation in Kentucky, took part, while far in the great Mammoth Cave, September 11, 1897, in erecting a monument of stone to "Colonel Teddy Roosevelt and his Rough Riders." The monument bore that inscription. A p rty, of which "Citizen Thomas" was a member, was making a trip in the cave with " Jack " Sturgeon, the accom- plished and popular guide employed by the Mommoth Cave Company. While there. Miss Kate Saxton Rey- nolds, of Las Vegas, New Mexico, sug- gested erecting a monument to the unique cavalry regiment. "Citizen Thomas" and C. T. DeGarmo, of Mount Sterling, Kentucky, assisted the young lady in lay- ing the corner-stone with imposing cere- monies. Others who took part in erecting the monument were Mrs. Joshua Sax- ton Reynolds, of Las Vegas, New Mexico, Mr. and Mrs. T. B. Perry, of St. Louis, Missouri, and Mr. Leon A. Walker, of Newark, New Jersey. Guide "Jack" Sturgeon Ijecame interested in the work, and contributed ably in it. His post office address is, Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, where he was employeil as guide, and will give special care and interest in the preser- vation of the monument to Colonel Theo- dore Roosevelt and his "Rough Riders." The foundation, dedication and a good beginning on the monument was made by the party mentioned. The future build- ing was left to others. As "Citizen Thomas " says, " May they build carefully and well." It was indeed appropriate that one of the party, "Citizen Thomas," as a veteran of the war of 1861-65, should take an interest in the affair. His services in war, which won for him his sobriquet, were as unique as is the title given to Colonel Roosevelt's brave regiment of cavalrymen in the late war with Spain. 36 Minute Men of '61 Major Austin S. Cushman. (Died Jan. 29, 1907.) Minute Men of '61 Third Massachusetts Regiment M.V.M. Major Austin Sprague Cushman of New Bedford, was born in Duxbury, Mass., September, 9, 1827. On his mother's side, his grandfather was Hon. Seth Sprague, Sr., a prominent opponent of slavery. The eldest son of Rev. W. Cushman, D.D., first pastor of Bowdoin Square Church, Boston, lineal descendant of Elder Thomas Cushman, agent of the Pilgrims in 1620 who fitted out the Mayflower and the Speedwell. He prepared for college at the New Hampton Academy ; entered Brown Uni-j versity while yet in his seventeenth year and graduated in the class of 1848. He served a year as a clerk in the War De- partment at Washington, D. C, under Hon. William I^. Mare}', and resigned to study law in the office of his uncle, Hon. Peleg Sprague, Judge of the United States District Court in Boston. He aided Dr. Stone in reporting the ' ' Webster Trial ' Minute Men of '61 37 for Phillips & Samson, and was employed by the United States District Attorney, George Ivunt, as a phonographer in the Rescue cases under the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850. In 1852 he became a private sec- retary to President Fillmore, and at the close of his administration was appointed a Third I^ieutenant in the United States Revenue Service. He was admitted to the Boston bar in 1854. Took up his residence in New Bedford and became interested in military matters ; was commissioned Third Ivieutenant Company Iv ( New Bedford City Guards), Third Regiment M.V.M. In 1857 was the first in line to respond affirm- atively at the calling of the Company roll in pursuance of the Governor's prelimi- nary order for voluntarj- service outside the State. On the evening of April 15, 1861, he casually learned that his Company had been ordered to Boston, and hastened to the armory at once. On entering Cap- tain Ingraham inquired, "Is not a single officer going with me?" ' ' Yes, ' ' responded L,ieutenant Cushman, "Captain, I am going." In fact he was the only officer who went and stayed and returned with the Company from the time it left the armory. He was promoted Adju- tant of the Regiment April 17, and ren- dered service at Fortress Monroe, Gosport Navy Yard and Hampton, Va., during the term of three months. He married in October, 1861. Yet in August, 1862 he recruited a com- pany and was commissioned Captain of Company D, Forty-Seventh Massachusetts Infantry Volunteers ; was promoted Major November 7, 1862. Served in the Depart- ment of the Gulf and became a member of the United States Sequestration Commis- sion. Honorably mustered out September 1, 1863. He resided from 1872 to 1880 in Switzer- land where he educated his daughters. He has held various civil offices, such as United States Commissioner, United States Register in Bankruptcy, Register of Pro- bate for Bristol County, Member of the Common Council and President of the School Board ; and has been identified with several social or fraternal organizations. He joined the Grand Army of the Republic September 25, 1866, and became the first Post Commander in the New Fngland vS'ates, Provisional Commander of the De- partment of Massachusetts, and was elected the first commander of that Department. He has held man}- prominent positions in the order and chartered the first fifty-two Posts in Massachusetts and the first in New Hampshire. 38 Minute Men of '61 I,iEUTENAjfT-CoLONEL CHARLES A. WHITE, Greeley, Colorado. Rliuute Men of '61 Company A, Third Mass. Volunteers and Third N. H. Volunteers. Brevet Ivieutenant-Colonel Charles Au- gustine White, born at West Deering, N. H., September 19, 1836. Entered mili- tary service. Company A, Third Massachu- setts Volunteer Militia Infantry, April 16, 1861. Mustered out July 22. 1861. vSer- vice, Fortress Monroe, Hampton and Gos- port Navy Yard. On May 23, assisted in conducting into camp at Fortress Monroe three slaves of Colonel Mallory of Vir- ginia, who were later the subject of General Butler's decision "Contraband of War." These slaves had been em- ployed on the rebel works at Sewell's Point, Va., hence the decision. Re-en- li,sted in Company A, Third New Hamp- •shire Volunteer Infantry, August 12, 1861. Mustered as Third Sergeant, August 22; to First Sergeant, June 1, 1863; Acting Sec- ond Lieutenant, Company A, July 31, 1863 to Januarj' 20, 1864; commissioned Second lyieutenant, Januarj- 1, 1864; pro- Minute Men of '61 39 moted to First Lieutenant, May 24, 1864, and to Captain, November 9, 1864. Bre- vetted Major and Lieutenant-Colonel United States Volunteers to date from March 13, 1865, for braverj- and meritori- ous conduct on the battlefield. Attached to Viele's First Brigade, Sherman's South Carolina Expeditionar}- Corps. Expedition to Port Royal, S. C, Octo- ber 21 to November 7, 1861; bombardment and capture of I'orts Walker, Beauregard and Port Royal Harbor, November 7; act- ing as orderly for General T. W. Sherman, commanding the expedition, during the engagement, November 7; duty at Hilton Head, S. C, till April, 1862; acting as clerk in post adjutant's office on Ediste Island, S. C. , April 8 to June 1; on duty in Assistant Adjutant-General's office Johns and James Islands, June 1 to June 28. Evacuation of James Island and movement to Hilton Head, June 28 to July 4. On picket July 2, about one and one-half miles from Grimball's Plantation, James Island, on main road to Charleston. Brought up the rear in the evacuation of the picket line, July 3. Duty at Hilton Head, S. C, till April, 1863. ■ Expedition up Broad River to Pocotaligo October 21 to 23, 1862. Action at Caston and Frampton's Plantations, Pocotaligo, October 22. Expedition against Charleston, S. C. , April 2 to 12, 1863. Assault on and cap- ture of water batteries, Morris, S. C, July 10. Assaults on Forts Wagner and Gregg, Morris Island, and against Fort Sumpter and Charleston till December. Capture of Forts Wagner and Gregg, Sep- tember 7. Acting as Post Adjutant on Broad Island, S. C, and commanding Company A at Small Island, Hilton Head, vS. C, March 2, 1864. In Butler's opera- tions on the south side of James River and against Petersburg and Richmond, May 4 to 23. Occupation of Bermuda JIundred and City Point, May 6; Chester Station May 6 to 7; Brandon Bridge, May 9; Swift Creek, Arrowfield Church, May 9 to 10. Operations against Fort Darling, May 12 to 16. Battle of Drury's BlufT, May 14 to 16; Bernuula Hundred, May 16 to 31. Action at Bermuda Hundred, June 2; Petersburg, June 9, Port Walthal, June 16 to 17. Siege operations against Peters- burg and Richmond, June 16 to August 16, 1864. Demonstration north of James River at Deep Bottom, August 14 to 16. Severely wounded, August 16; Deep Bot- tom, Minnie ball through right arm, enter- ing right chest and passing through both lungs, making exit below left shoulder blade. Absent, disabled bj- wounds, till February, 1865. Moved to Fortress Mon- roe, Va. Left F'ortress Monroe, Febru- ary 14 and joined General A. H. Terr3-'s headquarters at Fort Fisher, N. C. , Febru- ary 18. With headquarters till March 1, then assigned to dut}- as Headquarter Commissary Tenth Army Corps Depart- ment of North Carolina. Capture of Wil- mington, N. C, F'ebriiar}' 22. Smith's Creek and Northeast Ferry February 22. Advance on Goldsboro, N. C, March 15 to 21. Capcure Raleigh, April 14. Sur- render of Johnson and his army. Duty at Raleigh and Goldsboro till July. Mustered out with Regiment July 20, 1865. 40 Minute Men of '61 Captain William S. McFarlin, South Cnrv-er, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. K, Third Regiment, M.V.M. I.ater Captain Co. C, 18th Mass. April 15, 1861, in Massachusetts, the first call for troops by President Lincoln to sur- press the rebellion, was received b}' Gover- nor Andrew bearing that date. He b}' late trains and special night messengers for- warded his orders to the different com- manders of State Troops, ordering them to report with their commands at Boston ready for immediate departure and duty. Midnight with orders in hand, found Captain William S. McFarlin hustling his little company of men together, to proceed to the nearest railroad station about six miles away — thence to be conveyed to Boston by the earliest morning train, as they were, and reported on Boston Com- mon at ten o'clock. After a term of service at the front, and the performance of duties as "Minute Men ' ' that to-day is acknowledged as among the most important of the war. Captain McFarlin and his company re- turned home to Massachusetts, ' only to return again to the front a little later, as the nucleus of a full company of one hun- dred and one men and offices, as Company C, of the Eighteenth Regiment Massachu- setts Volunteers,' later becoming as dis- tinguished a company of men and officers as served in the war from Massachusetts as history justly records. ' ' CiTizKN Thomas ' ' March 14, 1910. Minute Men of '61 41 l-RANCIS M. DOBLE, Bostoii, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Third Massachusetts Regiment Captain Francis Marion Doble was born in I^well, Massachusetts, on the 17th of August, 1838, but while in infancy with his parents moved to the town of Sumner, Oxford County, State of Maine. In the spring of 1846 the family moved again to the town of Lincoln, Penobscot County, Maine, and settled on a farm. The boy was educated in the public schools of Massachusetts and Maine, in the academy at Lincoln Village, and later took a course at Comer's Commercial College in Boston. He came to Boston in the winter of 1855-7. In April, 1861, when President Lincoln issued his first call for 75,000 vol- unteers for three months' service he was enrolled in Company C, of Cambridge, raised by Captain and later Colonel James P. Richardson of Cambridge, the first new company that was raised for the war in the United States, that went to the front armed and equipped. It was .organized at the State House April 17, by electing officers. They w ere as followss : James P. 42 Minute Men of '61 Richardson, Captain ; Samuel E. Chamber- lain, First Lieutenant ; Edward F. Rich- ardson, Second lieutenant ; John Kinnear, Third lyieutenant ; and Francis M. Doble, Fourth Lieutenant. The United States Army regulations al- lowing only two lieutenants to a company, John Kinnear and Francis M. Doble were mustered into the United States service as first and Second vSergeants respectivel}'. The company was attached to the Third Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Mili- tia, Colonel David \V. Wardrop command- ing, and as soon as equipped embarked on the steamer " S. R. Spaulding ' ' and sailed for Fortress Monroe, where they arrived on the morning of April 20. On the eve- ning of the twentieth the Regiment was again embarked on the United States steam sloop of war, "Pawnee," and taken to the Norfolk Navy Yard, where, with the help of the sailors and marines, they completely destroyed an"" burned the yard and ship- ping, sunk the notorious frigate ' ' Merri- mac," which the Confederates afterwards raised and converted into the terrible iron clad ram that created such havoc among our shipping in Hampton Roads one j'ear later. On the morning of April 21, the Regi- ment returned to Fortress Monroe having the old sailing frigate "Cumberland" in tow, assisted by the steam tug " Yankee," and bringing the crew of the recieving ship "Pennsylvania," along. On April 23, the Third Regiment was mustered into the United States service. They were em- ployed during the three months' campaign in guard and picket duty, mounting guns, etc., and later garrisoned the town of Hampton, Va., from which place the}- made several expeditions by land and water. On July 16, they were ordered home and were muste^-ed out July 22, at lyong Island, Boston Harbor. Sergeant Doble soon after enlisted in the Twenty-Third Massachusetts Volunteers and was appointed Orderly Sergeant of Company I. The Twenty-Third formed part of the Burnside expedition that sailed from Annapolis, Md., in January, 1862, for Roanoke Island, N. C. In November, 1862, Sergeant Doble was promoted to Second Lieutenant of Company B. Cap- tain Knott V. Martin's company of Marble- head, to succeed Lieutenant John Goodwin, killed at the battle of Roanoke Island. The Twenty-Third served in the Depart- ment of North Carolina and three months at Hilton Head, S. C, and participated in all the battles and skirmishes of the De- partment. In April, 1863, Lieutenant Doble served as a member of a General Court Martial at Morehead City, N. C, and on May 6, was commissioned First Lieutenant of Com- pau}' I, Twenty-Third Massachusetts Vol- unteers. In September, the Regiment was transferred to Newport News, Va., and during the winter of 1863-4 more than two- thirds of the men re-enlisted for three j'ears more and were furloughed home for thiity days. Upon their return from fur- lough they were encamped at Getty Sta- tion, Va., and later were sent to Yorktown, Va., to form part of the Army of the James, Eighteenth Army Corps. They participated in all the battles and skir- mishes in the Eighteenth Army Corps, including Cold Harbor, incident to the siege of Petersburg. On June 4, Lieuten- ant Doble was detailed as Assistant Ordi- nance officer to Captain Young of General Willi. m F. (Baldy) vSmith's staff and had charge of and conducted the amnuini- tion train of the Second Division of the Eighteenth Army Corps, of fourteen wag- ons, from Cold Harbor across the peninsula to the James River and thence to the assault on Petersburg, on June 16, 1864. Lieutenant Doble was returned to his Regiment a few days later and August 1, he was appointed Aid de Camp on the staff of General James Stewart, Jr., P'irst Bri- gade, Second Division, Ei-Titeenth Army Corps. The brigade was sent to North Carolina in September to muster oi:t the three j ears' men whose term of service had expired. On September 20, 1864, Lieu- tenant Doble was commissioned Captain, and assigned to the command of Com- panies C and I, (consolidated ) Twenty- Third Regiment. With his command he performed outpost duty until March 2, 1865, when the trcops of the Department of North Carolina (Palmer's Division) Minute Men of '61 43 started on the campaign to Kinston, N. C. Some (lays later the Ami}' of the Ohio, Major General John M. Schofield joined them and assumed cominand. The enemy was met at Wise's Forks, N. C, March 7, and Captain Doble was woimded ( not seriously ) while in command of the skir- mish line. On the morning of March 8, the eneni}' again attacked furiously and Captain Doble was again wounded and sent to the hospital at New-Berne, N. C, where he remained but a short time and returned to his Regiment, which was mustered out June 28, 1865, and started for home. Arriving in Boston early in July, 1865. Captain Doble returned to North Caro- lina in September, 1865, and was tempor- arily employed by Captain A. W. McKillop, United States Army, Freedman's Bureau, District of Faster n North Carolina. He was married while living in North Caro- lina and returned to Boston, 1867. He was employed in the Boston Custom House some years, and at State Almshouse, Tewksbury, Mass., and is now retired police officer of the City of Boston. He is a member of Benjamin Stone, Jr., Post 68, G-A-R and General Joseph Hooker Com- mand No. 9, U-V-U and the vSons of the American Revolution. One grandfather served in the War of 1812, and an uncle James S. Doble (father's brother) Fourth United States Infantry. Killed August 26, 1846, Monterey, Mexico. His ancestry, English on both sides, came to this country early in the Seventeenth century. 44 Minute Mkn of '61 Sergeant Frank ii. Kelly Minute Men of '61 Company I<, Third Mass. and Company D, Twenty-Second Mass. On President I,incoln's call for troops to defend the Union he enlisted in Company I^, Third Regi- ment, M.V.M., for three months. The Regiment was sent to Fortress Monroe where he served about two months. On the night of arrival at the fort were marched aboard the gunboat, "Pawnee" and went up to Norfolk, Va., Navy Yard, which was destroyed. He participated in all the service that the Company did. At the expiration term of en- listment returned to Boston with the Regiment and was mustered out. In Aug., 1861, he re-enlisted in Company D, Twenty-Second Regiment M.V.I. , for three years, was sent to Virginia, attached to Fifth Corps in the Army of the Potomac, was all through the Peninsula campaign and following battles: Gaines Mill, Hanover Court House, Savage .Station, Mechanicsville, Charles City, Cross Roads and Malvern Hill. War in Pope's Campaign ; the following battles, Gainesville, second Bull Run and Centerville. Afterwards in the Maryland cam- paign in command of company in the follow- ing battles, .South Mountain, Antietam, and Sharps bay, in latter slightly wounded, and sent to the hospital, discharged March 17, 1863. En- listed as Corporal, discharged as First Sergeant. Minute Men of '61 45 Silas P. Richmond. Assonet, Mass., Minute Men of 'bl Colonel Third Mass. Re.tfinient Biographical Sketch of Colonel Silas P. Richmond Silas Peirce Richmond, only .son of Dea. Isaac and I.,ucinda (Peirce) Richmond, wa.s born in Freetown. Mass.. June 19, 1S31. He was educated in the public schools of Freetown and at Peirce Academy. Middleboro. Ma.ss., and was a farmer until twenty-five years of age. His father and two uncles were soldiers in the war of 1812-15, and his .srrandfather and two grreat-uncles were Revolu- tionary .soldiers. Silas P. Richmond was the first man to enlist in Company G, Third Regiment, Second Bri.gade, First Division, M.V.M. on June 8. 1850. and its first tour of duty was in the escort at the funeral of President Taylor in Boston in 1850. He was commissioned a lyieutenant in same com- pany in August, 1851 ; and Captain in May, 1855. Was commissioned Major and Inspector of the Second Brigade in July, 1856. In 1857-58 he was in Kansas and served imder John Brown in repelling the border ruffians. In 1860 he was Captain and A. D. C. on staff of the General of the Second Brigade, M.V.M. and served in the esscort of the Prince of Wales in Boston and in the same capacity he went to Fort Warren and to Fortress Monroe as a Minute Man in 1861. Was in the battle of Big Bethel, Va., June 10, 1861. In 1862, as l,ieutenant Colonel Third Regiment, M.V.M. he responded to the call for reinforcements for General N. P. Banks in Virginia. In September, 1862, he was commissioned Colonel of the Third Massachu.setts Volunteer and in .six weeks recruited the Regiment to one thousand and forty men, and commanded the Regiment through all the campaigns in North Carolina in 1S6J-63. participating in the battles of Kinstou., Wliilc Hall. Gold.sboro, Blounts Creek, Deep Gull\ and Gum ', Swamp.- In September, 1863, he ; was commis.sioned Colonel of the Fifty- Eighth Massachusetts Volunteers and recruited that Regiment. The first eight companies of the Regiment were ordered to the front in April, 1864 under the command of I,ieutenant Colonel John C. Whiton. there not being a sufficient number of men for the'muster in of a colonel : and for that reason no colonel was e\-er mustered in the Fifty- Eighth' Regiment. Colonel Richmond was appointed Assistant Provost Marshal 'General of the Department of the .South in July, 1864. and ser%-ed as such in North Carolina, ,South Carolina and Georgia until Septenrber, 1865. He was on the first United States steamer which reached .Savannah when .Sherman reached there on his march to the sea. And also on the first United .States steamer which landed at Charleston, S. C at the time of its evacuation. At the age of twenty-one years Mr. Richmond was elected auditor of the town of Freetown, Mass., and made the first printed financial report of the to^\n. He ser\-ed on the board of .school committee of the town, and for eleven years he was chair- man of the board of assessors. He served as town clerk seven years, and for ten years was chairman of the board of selectmen of Freetown. He was moderator at the annual town meetings for seven- teen consecutive years, and he wrote the military chapter in the hi.story of Freetown. He was a member of the Massachusetts I.,egislature in 1892, and a delegate in the National Republican Con- vention at Minneapolis, Minn., in the same year. He was in the lumber business in Vermillion County, Indiana, in 1867-68 and in the grain business at Decator, Mich., in 1869-70. He ser\'ed as an officer in the Massachusetts .State prison from 1872 to 187S inclusive, and was deputy master at the Bristol County hou,se ot correction in 1879-82. From 1882 to 1889 he was general travelling agent of the Clark's Cove Guano Co., of New Bedford, Mass. He was president of the Bristol Company Agricultural .Society in 1889-90, and from that time for five years was engaged in managing and settling estates. In 1S96 he was appointed deputy sheriff and court officer in the Superior and Su- preme Judicial Courts in Bristol county, and now holds that po.sition. For many years Colonel Richmond was a member of the choir of the First Christian Church in Assonet, Mass., and for several years was one of the trustees of that church. While living in Charlestown, Mass., he sang in the choir of the Park .Street Church, Boston. S. P. Richmond owns and occupies the Rich- mond homestead on Richmond road in Freetown, Mass. The place was bought by his grandfather, .Samuel Richmond in 1775, and has never changed hands except by inheritance. Colonel Richmond has been a justice of the peace forty-five years, and is also a notary public. He took the Master Mason's degree in North Carolina in 1863, and liecame a Knight Templar in 1.S65. He was the seventh member mustered into Post 1, Massachu- setts G-A-R in 1S66, and is a member of the Massa- chusetts Commandery of the Loyal I,eglon of the United States of America. 46 Minute Men of '61 Freeman Holmes, Bridgewater, Mass. Minute Men of '61. Company A, Third Massachusetts Regiment. James M. >S\vain. Brighton District. Boston. Minute Men of '61. 3d. Mass. 29th. Mass. Vols, and 4th., Mass. H. A. Comrade Freeman Holmes was born March 27. 1840, in Bridgewater, Ma.ss.. was one of the ' Minute Men of 1S61, " entering the ser\'ice as a private in Cfiptain Joseph Harlow's company (A) of the Third Regiment, M.V.M., Colonel David W. Wardrop of New Bedford : mustered July 2i. 1.S61, (one week after volunteering and ser\-ing) . This Regiment of Minute Mens service was chiefly at Fortress Monroe. Gosport Navy Yard and Hampton, 'Va. He participated in the services of the Regiment, in the destruction of Gosport Navy Yard at Norfolk, Va. After expiration of term of enlistment he returned to Massachusetts and was discharged with his Regiment at lyong Island, Bo.ston Harbor, July 22, 1S61. He re-entered the .ser\'ice again, October 16, 1861, as Sergeant in Com- pany C, Twenty-Sixth Regiment, M.V.I. He par- ticipated with the Twenty-Sixth Massachusetts Regiment in their expeditions on the Mississippi River, effectively accompli.shing the breaking of communication between Forts Jackson and .St. Phillip and the city of New Orleans, during the bombardment of those forts. Participated in the L,ouisiana Campaign. After much service with the Nineteenth Corps in other points of Virginia the Regiment engaged in the battle of Winchester, Va., September 19, 1864, where Comrade Holmes was wounded and left the Regi- ment. He was finally di.scharged November 7, 1864, by reason of expiration of 'service. James M. Swain was born in I^ynn, Mass., Octo- ber 16, 1842, was educated in the public .schools. At the age of nineteen years he enlisted in Company I, of L,ynn, Mass., 'William D. Chamberlain, Captain. The company joined the Third Mas.sachu.setts Regi- ment at Fortress Monroe and served with distinc- tion during three jears. participating in many of the leading engagements. He was discharged April 19, 1S64, and re-enlisted August 23, 1864, in Company I.,, Fourth Heavy Artillery, and was honorably. discharged at the clo,se of the war. He immediately joined the L,ynn Fire Department, continuing with the same for a period of two years, after which for over sixteen years he was engaged in mechanical pursuits. October 8, 1881, he became an officer in the Suffolk Count\- jail, inider .Sheriff John M. Clark. In 1S95, he was appointed as Steward of the same in which capacity he is now engaged. Minute Men of '61 47 Theadore I,yman Bonney, Hanson, Mass. Minute Men of '61. Co, A, 3d, Mass., Co. E, 32d, Regt. Mass. Bom in Taunton, October 27, 1836. Died in United States Army in Virginia, May 11, 1863. Hanson Post 127, G-A-R and Woman's Relief Corps 146 adopted his name — Theadore layman Bonney was lineal descendant of Ezekiel Bonney a lifer and musician 1775-1781 in Revolutionary War. The fact is troops who have fought a few battles and won and followed up these victories improve upon what they were before to an extent that can hardly be counted by percentage * * * The same difference also is often due to the way troops are officered— Gen. Qranl. Morton V. Bonney, West Hanover, Mass. Minute Men of '61. Company A, Third Massachusetts. I,ater Captain in Massachusetts Militia 12 years. Mr. Bonney is a native of Hanson and was born March 8, 1841. He enlisted when the civil war broke out in the Halifax Company. He was sent to Virginia as a member of the Minute Men. On his return from the south, after three months' service, he re-enlisted in Company A, Third Massachusetts Regiment, and served until 1S63. He .saw consider- able service in North Carolina. Morton V. Bonney is one of the best known resi- dents of Hanover. He probably holds the record of consecutive G-A-R office holding in Massachusetts, having been adjutant of Joseph E. Wilder Post for the past thirty-eight years. Previous to that he held other offices in the post, and thus has ser\-ed continuousU- as an officer for over fortj' years. At the clo.se of the war Mr. Bonney joined the JNIassachusetts State IMilitia and .served as captain from 1865 to 1870. He has served as Adjutant of the Pbinouth Count\- G-A-R association since it was organized. He was Assistant Postmaster at West Hanover from 1861 to 1901, a period of forty years. He had also served in .several town offices, being a member of the board of selectmen in 1S69. and a member of the school committee in Hanover from 1874 to 1882, and town auditor from 1897 to 1907. He has always been a republican, and served in the Legislature from the Hanover district in 1S68. Miss Aurelia Hall of Hanover married Mr. Bonney in 1S71, and they reside at West Hano'fer. 48 Minute Men of '61 Charles P. I^yon, Halifax. Mass. Minute Men of '61 First I.,ieut. Co. A, Third Mass. Regiment Charles P. I,yon, born in Halifax, Ma.ss., August 11, 1824, and has resided in that town to the present time. He joined the Halifax Ijght Infantry, chartered by John Hancock in 1792. and served in the war of 1812, being commanded by Captain Asa Thompson, who was six feet, seven inches tall. This company was also among- the first to respond to the call of the President, April 15. 1861. I,ieuten- ant Eyon at that time held commission of Second I,ientenant. the company being commanded by Captain Joseph ,S. Harlow. He was six feet, two inches tall. I,ieutenaut I,yon served three months at Fortress Monroe and was at the destruction of Gosport Navy Yard, at which time the ''Cumber- land" was towed out by the United States gun- boat "Pawnee." In 1862 this company was again recruited by Lieutenant Charles P. I^yon and Nathaniel Morton and was joined by the Freetown Company forming Company A, Third Regiment and went to the front for nine months, Lieutenant L,yon com- manding at that time. They proceeded to New- Berne, N. C, and participated in the battles of Kinston, "Whitehall and Goldsboro. Elbridge G. Kemp, CDied Jan. 22, 1902) Minute Men of '61 Co. I, Third Mas.sachusetts Regiment Elbridge G. Kemp was born April 3, 1834, in Marblehead, Mass. April 19, 1861, he enlisted in Company I, Twenty-ninth M-'V-M. He was taken prisoner at Charleston, ,S. C. Was in Andersou- ville nine months ; exchanged ; came home on a furlough ; later was di.scharged for disability, but as .soon as able, re-enlisted in the .Second Regiment of Massachusetts Heavy Artillery ; was made Lieutenant and served till the close of the war. Joined Post 5, G-A-R, April 1, 1880. Died in Lynn, Jan. 22, 1902. He was of Revolutionary stock, the great grandson of John Rhodes Russell, who was with Glover's Regiment at Trenton, also great- grandson of Thomas Kemp who was one of the "minute men" wrho marched from HoUis, N. H., April 19, 1775. Minute Men of "61 49 Samuel Holmes Doten. Plymouth, Mass. ^Minute Men of '61 Third :Mass. Reginient. Major 29th Regiment. Major Samuel Holmes Doten was a native of old Plymouth, Mass., where he was born June 5, 1812, and so humorously claimed that he served in the infantry in the war of that date. Both his parents were of the orijiinal Mayflower stock of 1620. his father being in direct descent from .Sir Edward Doten of the English navy, and his mother in the sixth generation from William Biiidford, the Pil- grim Governor of Plymouth Colony. His father was First Lieutenant of the privateer "George Little" of Boston in the war of 1M2, and two .sons, Samuel H. and Charles C. were both Captains in the war for the Union. Major Doten began active life as master of the packet, "Atlanta," on line between Plymouth and Boston. When, after some years, he left seafaring he went into the lumber business quite extensively, following it for many years, at the .same time being active and prominent in the civil and politi- cal life of his native town. When the Civil War broke out, and his brother on April 16, 1861, marched away the Standish Guards, Major Doten at once set about raising another company, and was the first man in the town to volunteer for " three years of the war." The Plymouth Rock Guards were quickly enlisted and among the first three years' men accepted by the government. With Captain Doten as their commander, they were sent to Fortress Monroe and attached to the Third Massachusetts Regiment of three months' troops, thus becoming a part of the Minute Men of '61. After the Third returned home Captain Doten's command, with three other companies, formed the Massachusetts Battalion, Sergt. John Kixne.\r. Cambridge. :\Iass. Minute Men of 'ol Third Mass. Captain 30th Regt. Mass. Vols. John Kinnear was born November 24, 1836, and was educated in the public schools of Cambridge. On the breaking out of the Civil War, he was on April 17, 1861. commissioned as Third Lieutenant in Company C, Third Regiment, M.V.M. On arriv- ing at Fortress Monroe, only two lieutenants were allowed to a company. He then resigned, and became First Sergeant. This Company was raised in Cambridge, and was the first Volunteer Com- pany in the I'nited States for the war. he was the first man to sign the roll, and is therefore, the first volunteer in the United States. He afterward became Captain of Company F*. Thirtieth Massa- chusetts. which was subsequently supplied with other con - panics and made into the Twenty-Ninth INIassachu- setts, one of the best fighting and hardest worked regiments from the old Bay .State. They were assigned to the Army of the Potomac, and, under :McClellan, fought in the Peninsular campaign from Fair Oaks to Malvern Hill and Harrison's I^and- ing. .Sharing the fortunes of that army they were in many subsequent engagements, until assigned to General Grant's command at Vicksburg, being the only Massachusetts regiment to participate in that memorable siege. Captain Doten was absent from the Regiment but twice during the war, hav- ing been ill with typhoid fever at Harrision's I^anding and again suffering with malarial fever while in the west, but missed none of the fighting. He was honorably discharged at the expiration of his three years' term of enlistment, and brevetted Major for gallant and meritorious services dur- ing the war. He was Past Commander of Post 67, G-A-R and a prominent Mason and Odd Fellow.. Died 1909. 50 Minute Men of '61 Simeon H. Barrows. So. \Ve\inoutli, Ma.ss. Minute Men of '61 Third Ma.ss. Twenty-Ninth Regt. Mass. Vols. Simeon H. Barrows was born in Car\-er, Mass.' March, 1828. Moved to Plyniouth in 1849: enlisted at Plymouth. 1861. for tlie Third Massachusetts Infantry Minute Men three months, then the First Battalion Infantry, then in Company E. Twenty- Ninth Massachusetts Infantry : was at the battle of Big^ Bethel, wounded at Hampton. Va., while on picket, was taken to the Regiment hospital for three days, was sent to the General Hygiene hospital, where he was more than a month, where his wound, shot through the hand, was only dressed, not operated upon and he laid there and suffered all a man could and live, more than a month, until his Captain, who was away, sup- posing he was cared for, rrrived at Newport News. His first move was to look after him ; he saw how he was, could not live but a short time there in that shape, and in less than three hours he had him carried aboard the .steamer '"Spaulding" for home; he could not be moved on the cars ; the Captain tried very liard to save his life and he did. He lived to get home, was operated upon and im- proved and went back to his Regiment wi^h the use of only one hand. He went from there to the Hygiene hospital as steward : detailed en the gun- boat, "White Hall,'" on the night of the eighth of March to help di.scharge the "Minnesota"; was on the boat and met the "Cheese Box " on a raft early on the ninth ; it was named by one of his crew. Two men were killed on the "While Hall"" ; he was on the ambiUance train tliat ran night and day to take the wc unded as they fell out, and carried them to the Hygiene hospital where they could be cared for through the seven days" fight. Soon after that blood poi.son .«et in with the loss of the use of both hands, the cause neglect of wounds ; never was off duty until he was woimded ; all this by neglect of wound or surgeon ; he has suffered ever since with ulcers all over him, and he still lives. and so does Major Doten, 87 years old : his good deeds like that keep him with us and able to move around with us. S. H. Barrows was discharged at Fortress Monroe June 12, 1863. 1st I' Captain C. C- Doten. He was one of the first to enlist in Com- pany E, Twenty-Third Regiment :m.V.I in .Septem- ber, 1S61, for three 3-ears. He was a reliable .soldier. Always ready and willing to do his duty in camp, on the march, or picket, and the battlefield. Re- spectful to his superior officers, kind and consider- ate towards his svibordinates, and loved by all. Owing to disability contracted in line of duty from active military service in the field, he was trans- ferred to the veteran reserve corps in April. 1664, and performed duty as a subordinate officer on board a hospital steamer conveying paroled and discharged prisoners. His funeral services at Ne- ponset, November 10, 1908, were conducted by G-A-R Posts of Dorchester, of which he was a worth\- comrade. Sergeant Burbank was a son of the late David and Susan Burbank of Plymouth, and resided in Plymouth, until 1861. He was seventy-three years of age at his death, leaving a wife, and three daughters. Chas. K. Barnes, Plymouth (Died Jan. 4, 1902) Minute Men of '61 Third Massachu.setts Regiment Charles E. Barnes, born in Plymouth, Mass October 31, 1840 ; his descent on his motler's side being in direct line from Elder William Brewster, the religious teacher of the !\Ia,\flower Pilgrims. When the Standish Guards. Company B, Third Regiment, M.V.M. a.ssembled in their armory the morning of April 16, 1S61, to respond to the order from Governor Andrew, for service to the government against armed rebellion, Mr. Barnes, though not a member of the militia, took a musket from the gun rack and fell in. thus making himself the first volunteer from the town, and liecoming actually a Minute Man. After returning from the three months' cam- paign at Fortress Monroe and vicinity, he was en- gaged in mercantile pursiiits until August, 1862, when he again enlisted, in Company G. Thirty- Eighth Massachu.setts Infantry Volunteers, under Captain Charles C. Doten. his former commander,^ by whom he was appointed ,Ser.geant, and at a later date in Louisana was promoted to the First Sergeantcy of his company. The service in that malarial climate was peculiarly trying and so seriously undermined his health that after two severe sicknesses he was obliged to accept a dis- charge and left the regiment, much to the regret of his officers and comrades. Mr. Barnes represented his town in the I,egis- latures of 1877-78. was President of the Plymouth Co-operative Bank, a Past Noble Grand of May- flower l,odge of Odd Fellows, and a Past Com- mander of Collingwood Post, No. 76. G-A-R of Plymouth, from which he was frequently sent as delegate to the National Conventions of the Grand Army. At the time of his death January 4. 1902. he was Assistant Quarter-Master General of the Depart- ment of Massachusetts. G-A-R. MiNUTK Men of '61 53 i Captain Samukl C. \Vrk;ht, South Boston. Minute Men of '61 3d. Mass. Regt. 29th. Regt. Mass. Vols. Samuel C. Wrijrht. first enlisted in Company E. Third JIassachusetts, Infantry, later served in First Massachusetts Balallion Infantry, then in Com- pany E. Twenty-Ninth Massachusetts Infantry, and in"one eniragement with One hundred and Twenty- Ninth Ohio Infantry. Participated in the following battles : Big Bethel. Warwick Road, Hampton. Nor- folk, Gaines Mills, Peach Orchard, Savage Station, WHiite Oak Swamp, Glendale. Malvern Hill, second Bull Run, .South Mountain. Antietani. .Snickers Gap, Fredericksburg, Vicksburg, Jackson, Blue Springs, Hough's Ferry, Campbells .Station, Fort .Saunders, Knoxville, Strawberry Plain, Tolopotmy, Shady Grove Road, Bethesda Church, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Crater, 'Walker's Ford. ■Wounded five times, twice reported dead, twice promoted on the field, and given a medal from Congress "for gallantry in action," was in charge of Rebel Prisons at Paris, Ky. At the retreat from Strawberry Plains to Knoxville, E- Tenn., he dragged himself between the Rebel and Union Skirmish line for a distance of thirteen miles with the bones protruding through one of his legs. ■Was one of the squad of twelve men to capture at great risk of life the noted rebel spy, Thomas Campbell (and others) who was hung by orders of Generals Burnside, and Tazewell, E. Tenn., made color bearer for life by Regimental Association, held rank of Colonel on staff of National Com- mander U-V-U. Served on staff of Department Commander G-A-R of Massachusetts. Is.\AC Otis 'Willey. I^ynn, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Third Massachusetts Regiment Isaac O. 'Willey was born in Hartford. Conn., February 20. 1840; moved to Strafford, N. H.. when young. 'Went to I k. (D;. eased) Minute Men of '61 Qo. C, 3d Ma.' s. Vols. Born 18.39, in Cambridge Minute Men of "61 65 1 Arthur Harris, East Bridgewater, Mass. John W. Marblf, Assonet, Freetown, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Minute Men of '61 Sergt, Co, A, 3d Mass. 1st. Mass. Heavy Artillery Co. G, 3d. Mass. Co. A, 3d. Regt. Mass. Vols. Benjamin Harding, Bridgwater, Mass-. Minute Men of '61 Co. A. -^d Massachusetts Regiment Nath.\nikl Morton, Bryniiville, Mass. Jlinute Men of '61 Iit, John A. Lynch, Easton. Sergt., RuFus H. Wims, Easton.. Sej-gt., Robert Clifford, Easton. Sergt., Alfred B. Richmond, Easton. Corporal, John W. Gerry, Ea.ston. Corporal, George Richards, Easton. Corporal, James N. Mack ay, Easton. Corporal. Albert Tilden, Easton. Musician, William H. Willis, Easton. Baker, Charles Easton Blaisdell , Daniel B Blaisdell, Oliver H Easton Crockett, William Davis, George H Dollard, Robert Duffy, John Fisher, David Gallagan, Bernard Hanson, Charles Andover Harlow, Reuben Easton Keenan , William Maguire, Charles Motherwell, John Morley , James T Mulhern, David Myers, James S Stoughton Pattee, Henry Foxboro Randall, Jacob J Easton i Records, Seth Stoughton i Sheehan, Michael Easton i vStory, William F Thayer, Hiram Warren, George M vStoughton i Watts, Robert Easton i Minute Men of '61 77 Company C, Fourth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (Braintree I.iffht Infantry) Organized in 1853. The compan}- re- ceived notice April 15, 1861, at seven o'clock in the evening and were ready to start for Boston at eight o'clock the next morning, and left dnring the forenoon. Capt., Cephas C. Bumpus, So. Braintree. 1st. Lieut., James T. Stevens, So. Braintree. 2d. Lieut., ISAACP. FUI.LER, So. Braintree. 1st. Sergt., William M. Richards, So. Braintree. ^^vo/. , Joseph L.Frasier, So. Braintree. Sergt., Andrew G. King, So. Braintree. Sergt., Edgar T^. Bumpus, So. Braintree. Corp., Samuel M. HoLLiS, So. Braintree. Corp., Reuben F. Hollis, So. Braintree. Corp., John T. Avers, vSo. Braintree. Corp., John C. Sanborn, So. Braintree. ]\lusieia!!, Eugene A. Bent, Bellingham. Miisieiaji. Ferdinand A. Bent, Bellingham . Arnold, Charles A So. Braintree Arnold , Marcus P Bestick, James T Boyle, John E Bumpus, Everett C Cahill, Thomas So. \Ve3'mouth Carmichael, John R So. Braintree Corbin , Frank Weymouth Coughlin, John So. Braintree Cox, Chandler , Cox, Nelson Cram , Marcus F Crowell, Thomas J Cunningham, William Daggett, William A David, Solon So. Braintree j Dean, Henry W ! Donahue, James -j Donahue, Peter \ Dyer, Lawrence A ; Field, Alpheus F'innegan , John ; Foster, Roland E ; Foster, William B ■ Freeman, Nathaniel T \ Gammon, Henry W i Gifford, Charles Harding, Ellsworth M Wevmouth Holbrook, Joseph E So. Braintree I Hollis, Adoniram B Weymouth Hollis, I^eroy S i Howard, George F So. Braintree I Houston , Thomas i Jones, Ivconard F Leonard , James B Ivcggett, William Ivoud, Thomas B So. Wevmouth i IVIartin, Thomas J So. Braintree Melius, Edward H McConity, Francis ^ McGann , William H . Nason , Albert S ' Perkins, Marcus A ; Shedd, Henry H Steele, Norman F Stoddard, Thomas B ' Thayer, Elihu M Thayer, Joseph P ] Thayer, Loring W i Thomas, Albert Weymouth ' Toomey , Andrew Braintree < Whitcomb, John M Weymouth Wright, Henry H P>raintree 78 Minute Men oe '61 Company D, Fourth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (Randolph L,isht Infantry) Organized in November, 1855. April 15, 1861, at nine p.m. orders were sent to the Company to report in Boston at nine o'clock the next morning. About nine o'clock on the morning of April 16, they were escorted to the depot by a band of music and on arriving in Boston, marched to Faneuil Hall, and officers were elected. Was one of the first companies to arrive in Boston on the 16th. Captain, Horace Niles, Randolph. First Lieut., Otis S. Wilbur, Randolph. 2d Lieut., Hiram F. WauES, Randolph. 1st Sergt., George M. Lovering, Randolph. Sergt., WiLUAM H. Wood:man, Randolph. Sergeant, Royai, W. Thayer, Randolph. Sergeant, Otis Crooker, Randolph. Corp., Myron W. Holeis, Randolph. Corp., Wendaee W. WiNNETT, Randolph. Corp., Wieeiam Paemer, Randolph. Corp., Hiram Snow, Randolph. JMiisician, IvEonard Thayer, Randolph. Alden, William H Randolph Beal , Ira , Jr Blencowe, William W Biijck, Nathan E Bitrrell , George A Compass, Theodore Cartwright, John T Cousins, Daniel Cottle, Edmund Cox, Henry M Crooker, Allen J Curtis, John W Curtis, Willi m M Dargan, Joseph W Dawes, Charles F Dawes, James E Downey, John Ekinstein, Libert Faunce, Hannibal A Randolph Fletcher, Jerome Fletcher, Samuel Foster, Samuel A Gill, John H Godwin , George H Harris, Seth M Hayden, Zenas M Heath, John W Hodge , Samuel R Howard , Edward Howard, Edgar Howard , George Howard , Martin , V. B Howland, Charles Huzzey, Willard A Ingalls, Benjamin - Joy , Henry Jones, Leonard King, Royal T King, Seth T Knight, George E Knight, Nelson E La Forrest, Frederick Lovering, Isaac J Mann , John A Morton, Asa H Morton , Isaac O'Brien, John, Jr Otis, William W Poole, J. Franklin Remick, Prescott vSloan, Peter S Tliaver, Charles P Thaver, Henry C Thayer, Henry M Thayer, Henry W Thayer, Isaac Jr Thaver, Levi F Thaver, Philander, W Tile'ston, George H Tillson, William Tuttle, George E Turner, John P Upham, L3'man Wales, Elisha L White, George B White, William L . s \\'ortman. Frank M Young, Isaac E Minute Men of '61 79 Company E, Fourth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (Sovtth Abington Ivight Infantry) Organized in 1787. At eight o'clock on the evening of April 15, 1861, orders were received to report in Boston the next morning. At seven o'clock the next morning the combany was read}- to march, and took cars for Boston and quartered at Faneuil Hall, leaving next day for Fortress Munroe. Capt., Charles F. Ai^len, Abington. 1st. Lieut., IvEwis SouivE, Abington. 2d. Lieut., John W. Mitchell, Abington. 1st. Scrgt., Benj. F. Caswell, Abington. Scrgt.. Nathaniel O. Holbrook, Abington. Scrgt., Henry Humble, Abington. Sergt., Benj. F. Peterson, Abington. Corp., JosHr.\ T. Bry.\nt, Abington. Corp., Timothy Reed, Abington. Corp., William H. Maine, Abington. Corp., Morton E. Harding, Abington. Aljbott, Luther C Weymouth .Barrett, Benjamin K AVjington Barber, John A Bates, James E Bickford, John E Caton , Joseph W Cook, Joshua, 2d Cook, Thomas H Corwin, William Curtis, Elbridge E. Bridgewater Dunham, Andrew J Aljington Dunbar, Henry F Edson, George A E. Bridgewater Fuller, Thomas So. Abington Gurney , Alva A So. Alnngton Gurney, Seth P Hall, Ichabod G Harden , George M Hathaway, William B E. Bridgewater Hobart, Thomas Abington Howard, Elijah Howe, Charles W Howland, Caleb Josselyn, James E Knowles, William W Deach, John A Lincoln, Willard B Loveradge, Isaac Packard, Hiram F Penney, Leonard F Perry , John H Hanson Phinney, Barnard F Abington Pierce, James H E. Bridgewater Ramsdell, Nathaniel F x\bington Ramsdell, Philemon W Reed , Henry H *Reed , vSamuel W Rowe, Zaccheus Rundle, Joseph T Steingardt, Joseph A Stetson, Andrew J Stewart, Nathan INI Taylor, Thomas Middleboro Tillson, Mercer V E. Bridgewater Tuttle, Ebenezer Cr Abington Washburn, Jerome Witherell , James H Witherell , Ebenezer A Witherell, Otis F *Re-enlisted 80 Minute Men of '61 Compan}^ F, Fourth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (Warren L,iffht (iiiards) Organized January 22, 1776. On Mon- da}' evening, April 15, 1861, the Captain received orders to report himself and command at Boston forthwith, and the next day at eleven o'clock they left Fox- boro for Boston. The}- were stationed at Fortress Munroe and Newport News. Capt., David Iv. Shepard, Foxboro. \st. Lieut., MosE-S A. Richardson, F'oxboro 2d. Lieut., Carlos A. Hart, Foxboro. 1st. Sergt., Simeon G. Blandin, Taunton. Sergt., Wii.iviAM H. Torrev, Foxboro. Serg., John F. Shepard, Foxboro. Sergt., John M. Welch, Foxboro. Sergt., Edward E. Bird, Foxboro. Corp., Alexander Cameron, Foxboro. Corp., Samuel D. Robinson, Foxboro. Corp., Lewis Iv. Bullard, Foxboro. Corp., Frank O. Pierce, Foxboro. Allen, Ivucius W Medfield Bacon, Charles D Foxboro Bemis, James S Bonney, Isaac H Bryant, Samuel N Buck , Hiram F Carpenter, Charles F Attlelx)ro Carpenter, James Foxboro Chamberlain, Gabriel P Chisholm, Lenmel Cambridge Claffin, George H Foxboro Fales, Henry A Fales, William H Fillebrown, George M Forrest, Albert E Freeman, Edward M Fuller, Alonzo W Goodwin, Edward A Mansfield Gotlewib, Joseph F'oxboro Goulding, Lewis Medfield Greenleaf , Perry Green, Moses L Foxboro Grover, Ephraim O Foxboro Grover, Pascal C Harris, Robert E Manifield Harris, Rufus Randolph Harris, William H Mansfield Hartshorn, David T Foxboro Hartshorn, Sidney S Walpole Hennesey, Daniel Boston Howard, Caleb Medfield Jewett, Edwin P Foxboro Joplin , Joseph H King, Andrew D Mansfield Lincoln, Henry C Cambridgeport Lyons, William H F"oxboro Matthews, Ransom McDonald, Alexander Walpole Morri.son, Seth Melrose Morse, William A F'oxboro Morton, James H Buxton, Me Pendergrass, Morris Mansfield Pettee, William H \\'rentham Pierce, William H F'oxljoro Pond, Charles H Pond, William F" Pawtucket, R. I. Rice, Henry T Wrentham Richardson, Nicholas H. F Walpole Schraidt, Williain Boston Shaw, Alonzo M Mansfield Sherman, James L Foxboro Strang, John A Medfield Sweet, William H F^oxboro Thompson, Charles A Turner, Willard W Washburn, George M F'almouth Webber, John Boston Welch, John M Foxboro Wheeler, Howard O White, James Foxljoro White, Nelson S White, Rufus S Whiting, Lewis R Wrentham Winn, Liscomb C Foxboro Wjer, James H Minute Men of '61 81 Compan}^ G, Fourth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of ^61 (Taunton Ivisfht Onanls.) Organized in 1855. At 2.30 p.m. on the morning of April 16, 1861, this Company received orders to appear in Boston. At eleven o'clock the same morning, they "were at the depot with forty-nine gnns and a full compliment of officers, and left for that city. Captain, Timothy Gordon, Taunton. 1st. Lieutenant, Zaccheus vShkrman, Taunton. 2nd. Lieut., Frederick A. Harrington, Taunton. 1st. Sergt., Mason W. Burt, Taunton. Sergi., Charees H. Pate, Taunton. Sergt. William H. Barteett, Taunton. Sergt., (tEORGE A. Washburn, Taunton. Corp., Issac D. Paul, Taunton. Corp., Edward J. Vose, Taunton. Corp., James Brown, Taunton. Corp., Wieeard D. Tripp, Taunton, Musieian, Wieeiam M. Lord, Taunton. Austin , Ivloyd W Taunton Barnes, George W Plymouth Black, William R Taunton Briggs, John C Briggs, William J Buck, John H Church, John H Clapp, John W Worcester Clark, Isaac S Middleboro Coleman, John R Taunton Cushman, James, M Dean, Gustavus L Dunbar, Perez S Uayers, Edward Fisher, Allen A Galligan , Henry Cent, William C Gilmore, Horace S Taunton ' Goddard, Elijah D Norton Hale, Enos P Taunton ' Hatch, William D Hathawa}-, Marshall D ■ Holt, Adoniram J Horton , Henry W ; Hunt, Edward ! Husband, Thomas H ^ Jones, Charles H ; Jones, Daniel S \ Knight, Seril ' Leonard , George A i Merigold , John L \ ]McNeil, Peter f j Monroe, William H. H ; Naylor, Abraham ■ O' Neil , Joseph i Orr, Wilson Bridgewater ; Pizer, John B Taunton \ Plant, Robert J Reed, Asa K ! Richardson, Cyrus B Woburn | Richardson, Frederic Taunton ■ Rock, John J Sanford, Squire | Simmons, Benjamin F ; Smith, William W j Thomas, Charles S | Thayer, Edgar S ! Vail , Thomas C | \"alentine, Michael W Walker, Joseph 2d Washburn, Frederic A ' Weston, John C Foxcroft, Me Whitele\-, Thomas Taunton j Wilbur, Simeon T: j Wood, Daniel F Middleboro j Wood, David Taunton ] 82 Minute Men oe '61 Company H, Fourth Massachusetts Reg-iment, Minute Men of '61 (Hancock I.ight Guards) Organized in 1S55. The order on Mon- day-, April 15, 1861, to appear in Boston to join their Regiment and to proceed at once to the seat of war was cheerful!}- met, and a deep interest was awakened in the town. Captain, Franklin Curtis, Quincy. 1st. Lieut., Kdward A. Spear, Quincy. 2d. Lieut., Benjamin F. Meservey, Quincy. 1st. Serof., Charee.s F. Pray, Quincy. Serot,, Matthew M. C. Chubbuck, Quincy. Serot., John Williams, Quincy. Se/o-t,^ Robert Monk, Quincy. Corp., William H. H. Lapham, Quincy. Corp., Thomas Smitei, Quincy. Corp., Williams. Wilbur, Quincy. Corp., Morton Packard, Quincy. Musician, Albert Keating, Quincy. Barker, Henry F Quincy Bass, Benjamin F Baxter, William H Bent, Edward F Bent, Luther S Brainard, James A Weymouth Brown, Edwin Quincy Brockett, Caleb Burrell, David, Jr Chublmck, David T. . .' Chubl:)uck, Perez, Jr Cleverl}-, George V Coll)urn, Ivemuel A Crickmay, Charles H Braintree Cunningham, James H Quincy Cummings, Noah L Damon, Edward, Jr Dowd, James J Enderlee, Joseph S Ewell, Lendell H Feltis, William H Fisher, Richard H Quincy French, Daniel F Furnald, Alonzo Gannett, Charles E Weymouth Gibson, George W Quincy Glover, Nathaniel E Hayden, George Iv Hunt, Charles N Jame.son, Charles H Joseph , Freeman Josselyn, Robert Joyce, Edwin L Kimball, Howard M Lamson, John H Lapham, Frederic A.. Jr Lapham , Joseph A Ivarkin, John Marden, Frank M Marque, Peter P Newcomb, Peter Nightingale, Alonzo A Nightingale, Samuel A Nightingale, Wyman B Nutting, Charles A Nutting, Edward' W. H Parker, John Jr Perkins, Edward Iv Pierce, Charles E Philips, Etigene C Boston Pope, Alexander P Quincy Pope, George W Pope, William G Prior, Hiram B Reynolds, William W Riley. Charles D Rideout, Luke A Robinson, William W Weymouth Shaw, H. Emerson Quincy Sheen, William G Spear, Christopher A Spear, Warren Q Souther, Horace O Souther, Francis L Totman, Freeman M Turner, Henrv C Turner, John B Wildman, Henry G Minute Men of "61 83 * Company I, Fourth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of ^61 (l^incoln I.ight Infantry) On April 15, 1861, at eight p.m. orders were received by the Captain to report his company in Boston the next day, but for some reason the members were not notified until the afternoon of the sixteenth in three hours from which time they were assembled and ready for duty. There being no means of transportation to Boston at that hour, their departure was delayed until the next day. Captain, L/UTher Stephenson, Jr., Hingham. 1st Lieut., Charlies Sprague, Hingham. 2d Lieiiteuaut, Nathaniel French, Jr., Hingham. 1st Sergeant, Josai'A Morse, Hingham. Sergeant, PETER N. Sprague, Weymouth. Sergeant, IvYMAn B. Whiton, Hingham. .Sergeant, Henry Stephenson, Hingham. Corporal, Henry S. Ewer, Hingham. Corporal, George W. Bibby, Hingham. Corporal, George R. Reed, Hingham. Corporal, William S. Whiton, Hingham. Musician, Samuel Bronson, Hingham. Adams, George M Hingnam Bassett, Charles H Berry, Joseph N Weymouth Binne}', Henry F Hingham Bryant , James B Burr , John W Carver, Thomas A Clark, Andrew J Cobb, Silas H Cocoran, Jeremiah J Corbett, Charles Creswell , John Cushing, Jacob G Damon, Charier H Hanover Dow, Isaac M Hingham Dow, Ivevi H Dunbar, George Dwelley , George C Dwelley, Hosea Hanover Easton, Fergus, A Hingham Eldridge, John W Everson, Francis N Weymouth Fearing, George W Hingham French, Henry C Crardner, Charles A So. Scituate Gardner, John D Gardner, Henry C Grover , George A Hingham Graves, Herbert So. Scituate Haskell , James M Hingham Harlow, William B Hanson Haynes, Albert vS Hingham Hersey, Edwin Humphre}', George E Jacobs , John Q Jacobs, William H Jacobs, Elisha A , . . So. Scituate Jones, William H. Jr '. Hingham Jones, Benjamin L Kennerson , Levi Lane, Josiah M Lane, I'arker E Weymouth Lincoln , Daniel W Lincoln, Daniel vS Hingham Lincoln, Alfred A Marston , William H Miller, George Nelson , William T Ourish , Jacob Pierce, Albert L Prouty , Elijah Weymouth Prouty , John H So. Scituate Prouty, William , Jr Raymond, Henry T Weymouth Roberts, Ebenezer F Hingham Souther, Benjamin S Souther, John S Stockwell , William J Stodder, Alfred W Marshfield Stodder , Demerick Hingham vStoddard, Charles H. F Sturtevant, James S Taylor, William Thomas Alpheus So. Scituate Tower, Alvin Hingham Waters, Isaac G Wolfe, George A 84 Minute Men of '61 Compan}^ K, Fourth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of ^61 (Afterwards Company K, Twenty-ninth Keyiment) Company K arrived at Fortress Monroe in May and temporarily attached to the Fourth Regiment. COMMISvSIONED OFFICFRS. CAPTAINS. Joseph H. Barnes, Boston, commissioned as Ivieutenant-Colonel December 13, 1861. James H. Osgood, Jr., Boston, promoted from First Lieutenant Jantiary 4, 1862. FIRST EIEUTENANT. WiEEiAJi T. Keen, Sandwich, promoted from Second Lieutenant January 4, 1862, SECOND LIEUTENANT John P. Burbeck, Taunton, commissioned Jantiary 4, 1862. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. SERGEANTS. Pray, William, Boston, promoted to First Lieutenant Company G, January 4. Braden, Henry S., Boston, promoted Ser- geant-Major of the Regiment January 1. Cole, Francis J., Boston. Greenwood, James N., Bo.ston. corporals. Hitnting, Henry A., Cambridgeport, pro- moted to Sergeant. Warren, David, Jr., Boston, promoted to Sergeant. Keene, John B., Boston, promoted to ser- geant. Rumnej-, George R.. Boston. privates. Blodgett, Jason L., discharged Boston Boston , Edward, Jr Blackball, Robert N Baker, Loring : Bride, Thomas M Boston Burke, John F. M Brownlow, James Barker, William R Crafts, John H Clark, Benjamin L Colby, Amos, Boston, killed at Big Bethel, June 10, 1861 Chambers, William G Crichton, Henry F Chapman, J. L. discharged Curr}-, Edgar Dockerty, David Daggett, Charles A., promoted Corporal.. Diigan , Joseph Fisher, A. P Fiske, Alonzo B., promoted to Corporal.. Fisher, John E Godbold, F. A Henry, A. R., discharg Hill, Isaac S Holms, James T Howe, William H Howes, Richard Hooper, Joseph F. . . . Huntress, Nathaniel, Jr Hume, John R Hall, Freeman Kenny, Thomas W Loveland, Benjamin S., promoted Corporal Lane, Abijah Litchfield, Gilbert T., promoted Corporal. . Leavitt, Charles H Leavitt, Augustus J Linnell, John A., promoted Corporal Lander, William P., promoted Corporal.. Laslie, Charles Chelsea Morris, Jesse, discharged Boston McAllister, William, discharged McFarlane, William McKie, J. A., discharged Mosher, Hiram A., promoted Corporal.. . . Newton, Samuel F. G Marblehead Minute Men of '61 85 Parsons, Frederic G Boston Remick, Meltiah F Boston Ranks, Flisha Ramsell, Charles Stewart, Henry F) Sanliorn, William A\' Stafford, Joseph K., deserted Tierne}-, John Tighe, John A Vinal, F^zra Jr Valpey, Benjamin F., discharged Walker, Charles Wright, George. Wood, George H Boston Woodis, George P Win.slow, Charles H., died at Camp Butler, Va. , October 30, 1861 JOINED AFTER THE RE0I:MENT EEFT MA.SSACHUSETTS. Kwart, John Boston Hibbert, John B Manning, Joseph S McKinnon, Alexander Minute Men of '61 Company L, Fourth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of Y)l (Afterwards Comijany C. Twenty-Ninth Regiment) This company was recruited In- Captain I^each, and started for Boston May 9, 1861 ; on their arrival new orders had been issued, that no more three month's men were wanted, that three years men were wanted. It was decided to go home and start anew. Next week all being in readi- ness they again left for Boston, and thence to Fortress Munroe by steamer "Cam- bridge." COMMISSIONFD OFFICERS. C.\PTAIN. IvEBBErs IvEACH, East Bridgewater. FIRST LIEUTENANT. Nathan D. Whitman, East Bridgewater. SECOND LIEUTENANTS. Elisha S. Holbrook, East Bridgewater, died at Fortress Munroe, August 20, '61. Wm. B. Hathaway, .East Bridgewater, commissioned Sept. 11, 1861. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS SERGEANTS. Conant, Thomas East Bridgewater Morse, George H- West Bridgewater Kingman, Francis M East Bridgewater Hayward, Jo.shua E corporals Cummings, Alfred B., promoted sergeant East Bridgewater Wright, Levi East Bridgewater Conant, John Tribou, Daniel W Whitman, Freedman Jordan, Chas. E Fellows, Robert C. Tolman, Elijah H Allen., George W WUSICIAN.S. Shaw, Ira C East Bridgewater PRIVATES. Arnold, Thomas East Bridgewater Bates, James A Bourne, Isaac N Brett, Algernon S Bates , Asa A Brown, Geo. D Blakeman, Daniel Pembroke Bates, Irving East Bridgewater Chandler, Marshall M Pembroke Clark, Thomas G Hanson Curtis, Minot S Ea.st Bridgewater Curtis, Elbridge R Drolian, Edward F. . . .North Bridgewater Drinkwater, Isaac W Middleboro Drake, Charles East Bridgewater Dyer, George R Pvdson, Benj F Eddy, Curtis W. West Bridgewater Fisher, George W Fisher, Timotli}- W Folsom , Henry M Flagg, Charles W East Bridgewater Gould, Henry K (Trosvenor, Silas N., promoted sergeant East Bridgewater Hudson, Caleli L., Jr. . . .East Bridgewater Hooper, Pre.ston Harding, James W Harding, Daniel W Ha3-den, Charles H West Bridgewater Hoyt, Damon East Bridgewater Holmes, John A West Bridgewater Harlow, C. Francis East Bridgewater Holmes, Abner H. , discharged North Bridgewater Holmes, Walter M., discharged North Bridgewater Howard, John S Jaquith, Emmery East Bridgewater Johnson, James G Johnson, William H Keith, William Francis, discharged North Bridgewater Minute Men of '61 87 Lambert, John C Bridgewater vSiddall, Benjamin, discharged ; finger shot Ivincoln, David H East Bridgewater off East Bridgewater Lincoln, Eugene A Smith, WilHam B East Bridgewater Leonard, James H West Bridgewater vSharpe, Alonzo. Lucas, Henry P^ast Bridgewater Siddall, James Jr. , discharged McMillan, Neil .Sturtevant, John T Halifax Mansfield, Edward P Hanson Stran, Hugh East Bridgewater Morse, William H East Bridgewater Sylvanus, Thomas HaHfax Nason, John M Turner, Charles H West Bridgewater Osborne, Henry A Thompson, Vernon ]M . . .East Bridgewater Osborne, William H Whitman , Asa W Osborne, Edward S., discharged Whitman, Charles C East Bridgewater Washburne, James E Pratt, Ebenezer H White, Xehemiah Packard, Edmund T Wright, T. P Packard, Edward B., appointed musician Williams, Edward West Bridgewater West Bridgewater White, Jariies E Packard, Alpheus East Bridgewater "^^'l^te , Herbert O Poole, Lawrence V Ripley, Horace A joined AFTER THE* REGIMENT eeft ■ Ripley i \\'illiam R. ....'.[ massachcsett.s. Ramsdell, Joshua S Cooper, James W East Bridgewater Rounds, William F Churchill, Rodney Sampson, John G Gould, (rrenville H Smith, William W A\'illiams, Cyrus West Bridgewater Minute Men of '61 Wightman Rifles, Fourth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of ^61 (Afterwards Coiiipaiiy A, Twenty-Ninth Regiment) Wig'htinan Rifles arrived at Fortress Monroe in May, 1861, and were tempora- rily attached to the Fotirth Regiment, but were left at the seat of war when the term of service of the three months' men ex- pired . COMMISSIONRD OFFICERS. CAPTAIN. Thomas W. Clarke, Boston. FIRST LIEUTENANT. Joshua Norton, 3d, Boston, appointed Quartermaster. John A. Sayles, Somerset, transferred from First Liantenant, Company- F, De- cember 13, 1S61. SECOND LIEUTENANT. John E. White, Milton, Discharged. George H. Taylor, East Cambridge, Commissioned Jvily 31, 1861. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS sergeants. Pray, Wm. \\' Natick Davis, William W. di.scharged Boston De Costa, Albert H E. Stoughton Howard, Lysander A Springfield Smith, Soloman B Boston Alexander, Henry, discharged Boston Hammer, William T Roxbury L/Owell, Charles T. discharged Boston corporals. Bacon , Thomas Boston Coots, William, discharged, E. vStotighton Thayer, Charles H., discharged. . .Milton Damrell, Horace, discharged Dedliam MUSICIANS. McGovern, James, discharged Boston Butler, Hiram, discharged. ..E. Stoughton WAGONER. Drake, Joseph N., (discharged) So. Boston PRIVATES. Alger, Myron E. , (discharged) W. Bridgewater Ahern, Cornelius, discharged Boston Bassett, Charles vSo. Boston Brent, James E. Boston Ely, Daniel Lawrence Blake, Sylvester F Holland, Vt Blossom, Edward C, discharged, Hingham Brooks, Thomas, promoted Corporal.. England Blackstone, Henry, discharged, Camljridge Bassett, Oscar H Milford Bari, Alexander T discharged Cambridgeport Butler, Albert vStotighton Brady, Michael A Worcester Bassett, Alexander, discharged, So. Bo.ston Crowle}', Jere J. , discharged, Coullahan , Malachi Roxbury Crosby, Joseph D So. Natick Chickey, Lawrence T Boston Cashman, Thomas W So. Boston Chase, Henry G., promoted Corporal, Biddeford , Me Carson, Henry Natick Cole, Hiram W Boston Cunningham, John Boston Dwinnell, Charles H Roxbury Donovan, Timothy D., promoted Captain Boston Daily, Daniel A Boston De Costa, Barton H discharged E. Stoughton Edmonds, Michael Roxbury Minute Men of '61 89 1 Fitzpatrick, Matthew T., killed at battle of Big- Bethel Boston Foley, Thomas Boston Frost, Albert E Gajlord , Levi B Gunnison, Fdwin L Milton Golden, James, discharged Quincy McGlinchey, James Cambridge Henry, William, promoted Corporal. Newton Lower Falls Hobart, William M Randolph Hodge, Charles D. discharged Hard}-, John, appointed hospital steward Boston Hobart, Frank M S. Randolph Hawes, Thomas Boston Holbrook , Joseph F Honian , Conrad Roxbur}- Hai ney , Richard Boston Hollihan , John Johnston, Holdeu Joslyn, Alanson K Joslyn, Henry C Kelly, Edward Roxbury Lyman, James Bo.ston Leeds, Joseph Locke, Charles P., discharged, Dorchester Mullen, Martin' C vSo. Boston Morin, Albert W Sandwich, Can. McAlver}', Joseph So. Boston Maldoon, Patrick Boston McCarty, John W., accidentally shot in camp, June 6th Boston Morse, John W E. .Stonghton Mahoney, Jeremiah, promoted Corporal Fall River McCart}- John Nova vScotia O'Donnell, h;dward Boston O'Donnell, Edward B Owens, .Daniel East Boston O'Connor, Dennis, discharged Pitcher, Henry P. , discharged .... Roxljury Pond, Chandler H., appointed Musician Milfor.l Pickard, E. Lewis Somerville Perry, Lsaac H Boston Rico, Byron, discharged Mil ford Ross, Charles Boston Richardson, Sanford H. discharged Scully, David P Scidly, John, appointed Wa.goner. .Lowell Shaw, Charles H. discharged Ea.st Stoughton Simpson, George F., discharged. .Medway Sullivan, John, discharged, Boston Sweenej-, John M Braintree Sha-w, Frederic C. , South Bo.ston Towne, George G Boston Thomas, George Vaughan, Charles F Wise, George H Xatick York, Levi S., discharged Lowell 90 ' Minute Men of '61 Cai'Tai.n (■.i:(iR(,k A. Washhtrx. Minute Men of '61 Company G, Fourth Massachusetts. George Albert Washburn was born at Swansea, Mass., February 5, 1836. Made Sergeant Company G, Fourth Regiment, M.V.M. Mustered in April 22, 1861. In battle of Big Bethel. Mustered out July 22, 1861. On October 1, 1861, First Lieuten- ant, Company C, Twenty-Second Massa- chusetts Infantry; July 10, 1862, Captain Company C, Twenty-Second Massachusetts Infantry. Wounded at Gaines' Mill. Was one month in Ivibby Prison, and discharged for disabilit}' on January 5, 1863. He died at Taunton, Mass., February 24, 1900. Minute Men of '61 91 Charlks E- Pierck Coinpnn\- H, Fouitli Massachusetts Regiment. :\Iimite Men of '61. First Semeant, Tentli Mass., I^iglit Battery. l'"irst Eieuteiiaiit, Acting .\djutant Fourth :Mass., H. A. L/ieutenaiit Charles E. Pierce, a resident of Boston since 1866, was born in Ouinc_v, Mass., September 17, 1841. He enlisted under President Lincoln's first call for troops, May 16, 1861, in Com- pany H, Captain Franklin Curtis, Fourth Regiment, M.V.M. (Colonel Aimer B. Packard), and served with it at Fortress Monroe, Newport News and Hampton, Va . , mustered out by reason of expiration of service, July 21, 1861. August 16, 1862, he again enlisted, this time in the Tenth Battery, Light Artillery, Massachusetts Vohmteers, commanded by Major (then Captain) J. Henry Sleeper, serving with it as Sergeant and First Ser- geant. While with the battery, in the Third Corps, (General \V. H. French), Army of the Potomac, he participated in the engagements at Auburn, Md., October 13, 1863, Kelly's Ford, Md., November 7, 1863, and Mine Run, Va., November 30, 92 Minute Men of '61 1863. Upon the re-organization of the Army of the Potomac in March, 1864, the battery was attached to the Second Corps (General W. vS Hancock) , and with it he was in the engagements in the Wilderness, May 6, 1864; at Po River, May 10, 1S64 ; Spottsylvania, May 12, 1864; North Anna, May 22, 1864 ; Tolopotomy Creek , Ma}- 30-31, 1864; Cold Harbor, June 1-10, 1864, arriving in front of Petersburg, June 16, 1864. From there, he was soon afterwards sent to the hospital and subsequently fur- loughed home suffering from severe illness. September 2, 1864, commissioned First Lieutenant of the Twentieth Unattached Company, Heavy Artillery, Massachusetts Volunteers, subsequently November 12, 1864, Company D, I'ourth Regiment, Heavy Artillery (Colonel William S. King), of which regiment, (Lieutenant-Colonel Samuel C. Hart commanding) , he acted as Adjutant, until mustered out of service, June 17, 1865, In- reason of the close of the war. Immediately on his return from service ■ in 1861, he entered the employ of the "Boston Journal." Again, July 1, 1865, he returned to its business department and continued with the ' ' Journal " ' until April 30, 1895. Karly in 1892, he was promoted to superintendent and cashier of the ' ' Journal . ' ' Since May 1, 1900, he has been a Deputy Collector of Taxes for the city of Boston. In the Veteran Associations, he is a member of The Minute Men of '61. Kdward W. Kinsley Post, 113, G-A-R ; the Grand Arm\- Club ; the Tenth Massa- chusetts (Sleeper's) Battery Association, of which he was for thirteen years Secre- tary and two years, 1892 and 1893, its President, and of the Military Order of the L/oyal Legion of the United States. Minute Men of '61 93 Company F, Fourth Mass. Charles I). Bacon, Manomet, Mass. Minute Men of '61. First :Mass. Cav. Independent Battalion Mass. Cav., and Fourth Mass. Cav. Charles D. Bacon was born in Foxboro, Mass., August 20, 1840, enlisted in Com- pany F, Fourth Massachusetts Regiment, April 15, 1861, for three months. Served at Fortress Monroe, Newport News and Hamilton. Re-enlisted in service Decem- ber 4, 1861, in F^irst Massachusetts Cav- alry. Was set apart as an independent Battalion of Cavalry at Hilton Head, S. C, under General Hunter, making two trips to Florida, then to North Carolina. At time Ivittle Washington was burned and in 1864 was landed at Bermuda Hundred, Va., and camped at Hatche's farm where they were attached to the Fourth Massa- chusetts Cavalry and remained so until discharged. 94 Minute Men of '61 Wyman B. Nk;htixgale, 338 Granite Street. Ouiiicx', Mass. Minute Men of '61 Conipan\ H, Fourth Mas.sachusetts Regiment Minute Men of '61 95 I^iEVT. John McKay. Jr.. Melrose. Mass. Minute Men of 61 •Co. H, 4th Ma.ss. Kt.. l.st I.t. Cos. H & B 7th R. I, Inf. Ivieutenant John McKay, Jr., l^orn in Johnstone, Scotland, January 30, 1839. When one year of age his parents Ijrought him to America, settling in Norwich, where he remained until he was sixteen. He then went to Canton, Mass., and learned the machinist trade. He connected him- self with the Fourth Regiment, M.V.M and under President Lincoln's first call accompanied it to the front as Second Lieutenant, serving chiefly at Fortress Monroe and Newport News, Va., from April 22, to July 22, 1861, j-et participating in the Battle of Big Bethel. In 1862, the young man decided to re- enter the army, and considering Rhode Island his native state, became a member of the Seventh Rhode Island Infantry, September 2, 1862. He participated in all the battles the Regiment was engaged in, being severely wounded in the right shoulder, June 29, 1864, at Petersburg, Va. For the last twent}--five years. Lieutenant McKay has been employed as traveling salesman for a Western Machinery House. His present home is in Melrose, Mass. I.iKUT. RiM us H. WiLi.is, New Bedford. Mass. Minute Men of '61 Company B. Fourtli Massachusetts Resfiment Lieutenant Rufus H. Willis was born at North Faston, Mass., March 18, 1838; en- listed as marker boy in Company B, Fourth Mas.sachusetts Volunteer Infantry in 1852, and at the outbreak of the rebellion was Second Sergeant and Company CUrk in same Company. Sergeant Willis responded to the first call for seventy-five thousand and landed with the Regiment at Fortress Monroe, April 20, 1861. Mustered out at Long Island, Boston harbor July 22, 1861 ; enlisted as private in Company I, First Massachusetts Cavalry, September 14, 1861, and continued with the Regiment until merged with the Fourth Cavalry. During this time he passed the grades of Corporal, Quarter master- Sergeant, Ser- geant, Major and Second Lieutenant. Was acting Aid-de-camp on the staff of Major General John Gibbon commanding Twenty- Fourth A. C, from April 2, 1865, to its entry into Richmond in May. At the sur- render at Appomattox, Lieutenant Willis had command of the detachment which collected the rebel battle flags, seventy- three in number. Resigned June 13, 1865. 96 Minute Men of '61 fied with many reform measures, and ■was often heard as a lecturer on a wide range of topics. As a Ijusiness man he met an nnr, sual degree of success, and developed a large enterprise from very small l)egihnings. Elijah Adams Morse died in Canton, Mass., on June 6, 1S98. Ki.iJAH A. MoRSK. Canton, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Fourth Massachusetts Regiment Elijah Adams Morse was born at South Bend, Indiana, May 25, 1841, and removed with his parents to Massachusetts in his childhood. He attended the pul lie schools and completed his education at Onondaga Academy, New York. He enlisted in Company A, I'ourth Regiment, M.V.M., and served under command of Cieneral B. F. I3utler, in Virginia, as a private for three months, and under General Banks, in lyouisiana, as a corporal for nine months. He was taken prisoner at the capture of Brashear City, I^a. He served a term in the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1876 ; was elected a member of the State Senate in 1886, and re-elected in 1887 ; was elected a member of the Executive Council in 1888. Before the expiration of his term as Councillor, he was elected as Represen- tative to Congress from the Twelfth Massachusetts Congressional District. He served eight years in Congress and re- fused a re-nomination for a fifth term owing to failing health. He was identi- Thowas H. Cook, Brockton, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Fourth Mass. Regt., .Seventh Regt, M.V.M MiNUTR Men of '61 97 loupe's Island, Boston Harbor, July 22, 1861. He as^ain enrolled as Sergeant in Com- pany C, Thirty-Eighth Regiment, Massa- chusetts Volunteers on July 24, 1862, for three }ears. Was promoted to Second Lieutenant March 8, 1863, resigned and received an honorable discharge Decem- ber 14, 1863, The Twentieth Unattached Company of Massachusetts Volunteers was being recruited in 1864, for one hundred days for garrison duty, he enlisted in the same Augirst 11, 1864, and was elected Second Ivieutenant of the Company. Was dis- charged therefrom, November 18, 1864. On November 19, 1864, he again received a commission as Second Lieutenant in the same company for one year, it having been recruited for that period. He served until the close of the war, V)eing discharged at Galloupe's Island, Boston Harbor, November 29, 1865. JEROME WASHBURN, Whitman. Ma.'is. Minute Men of '61 4tli Ma.ss. I.t. 38th Mass.: also 20th unattached Co. Jerome Washburn was born in Kingston, Mass., August 23, 1835. Came to South Abington (now Whitman) in the Spring of 1852. Enlisted as private in Company E, Fourth M.V.M., in 1853. He was prc- moted Corporal in 1855, to Sergeant in 1858. To First Sergeant in 1859, and com- missioned Third Lieutenant July 2, 1860. About eight o'clock on the evening of April 15, 1861, the Company received orders to report in Boston without dela.w They reported as ordered, at 8.1.1 a.m., April 16. The Regiment was sent to Fortress Mon- roe, Va. On our arrival there we were informed by the Mu'stering Officer, that the company would be mustered in, in accordance with the laws of the regular army, and that the grade of Third Lieu- tenant could not be recognized, and Lieu- tenant Washburn was mustered in as pri- vate, and served at Fortress Monroe, Newport News and Hampton, Va., for the term of three mouths. Was mustered out of service at Gal- Tho.m.\s Fcller. Whitman, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. E,4th Mass. Regt..l8th M.V.M, Killed :May 5. 1864 Minute Men of '61 ANDRicw Jackson Clark Minute Men of '61 Co. I, 4th Mass, Rcut.. Co. H, 23d JI.V. M. Andrew J.ACKSON Clark, Hinuhani, Mas; Minute Men of '61 Co. I, 4th Ma.ss. Regt., Co. H, 23d M.V.M. Andrew J. Clark, born in Hingham, Ma,ss., December 13, 1837, and is a lineal descendant on his mother's side of General Benjamin I^^incoln of Revolutionary fame. His grandfather, Nehemiah Lincoln, served in the second war with Knglantl as part of the garrison of "The Castle," Fort Inde- pendence, Boston Harbor. Comrade Clark, feeling nearl}- certain that war with the South was inevitable in the Spring of 1860, tried to enlist in the regular army but was rejected on account of his eyesight, which seems singular as in the winter of 1862-3, as a member of Company H, Twent3--Third Massachusetts Infantry, he, after several te.sts at target practice, was detailed at St. Helena I.sland, S. C, to serve in a com- pany of Sharpshooters. In April, 1861, on the call of President Lincoln for volun- teers to serve for three months, he was one of the very first to enlist, joining Company I, Fourth Massachusetts Regi- ment, Volunteer Militia Cavalry, known as the Lincoln Light Infantry. With this company he left Hingham on the after- noon of April 16, and joined the Regiment at the State Hottse in Boston where, after receiving a partial outfit of clothing, etc., march ed to the (Jld Colony depot and there entrained for Fall River where he took the steamer, "State of Maine," for Fortress Monroe, Va., via New York City; the latter place was not reached until about sundown on the nineteenth. One who was not living at that time can have no. idea of the excitement prevailing in conse- qtience of this sudden call to arms. Bos- ton was wild with it; the streets were filled with people cheering us on and bidding us God-speed. The shores of New York Harbor from Hell Gate to the old Fall River pier were lined with a multittide of people who were nearly dazed with excite- ment. On passing up the North river they passed the "Baltic" and several other vessels that had just arrived from Fort Sumter with Major Anderson and its gar- rison. Leaving New York during the night of the nineteenth, the " State of Maine" proceeded on her way, arriving off Fortress Monroe early Saturday morn- ing, April 20. As soon as the old flag was discried at sunrise floating above the ram- parts we sailed directly in and landed, the first Union Regiment insignia, and old F'ortress Monroe was saved for the United States Government. He was discharged October 13, 1864, by reason of expiration of term of service, thus completing the full term, Minute Mkn of '61 99 Is .»!V -W«' w^^ •«^ •^ %. ^^'" ^pL \ ^' 1|| '^ "^^^^^^I^^^H ^ R< r,i-,:«T J()s;,KL\N V.'oi.lastox. Oiiincy, Mass. ;Mimile Men of '(.1 Comijany II. I^'oiuth ^lassachusetts Kcuiineiit Roljfi't Josselyn was Ijorn in Hanover, Mass., October 9, 1842. He is now a resi- dent of Wollaston (Ouinc}-) Mass., where lie has lived since the at^e of ten years. I'nder President Lincoln's first call, he enlisted May 16, 1.S61, in Conii)any H, Fonrth Re.yinient Massachusetts Volunteer Militia, commanded l)y Captain Franklin Ciirtis of Ouincy, the Regiment being commanded by Colonel Abner B. Packard. With the company- he served until mus- tered out by reason of expiration of service July 22, 1861. Coi,. Abni R B. Packard. Quincy, Mass, Minute Men of '61 Koin^th Reffinient, Massachusetts Volunteers Colonel Aljuer B. Packard was born at Ouincy, Mass., November 21, 1821, and after attending the public schools of his town, started in business. He took an active part in military affairs and was promoted by grade until he Ijecame a Colonel and with his Regiment, the F'ourth Massachusetts, responded to the first call for troops in April, 1861. Although interested in public aflfairs, he never held any political office, but occupied several places of trust, and, for many years, was*a Director in the National Mount Wollaston Bank, and Vice-President of the Ouincy Electric Light and Power Company. Colonel Packard was eighty-one years of age, but of strong constitution and to all appearances had many years of useful life before him. His demise was very sudden and un- expected, and occurred at his home in Ouincy, Mass., October 17, 1902. 100 Minute Men oe '61 SiMKON G. Klandin. East Norluii, Mass. Minute Men of '61 1st SerKt. Co. F, 4th Ma.ss. Rest. Capt. .SS M.V.M. Simeon (t. Rlandin was born in Norton, Mass., July 9, 1821; attached himself to the .State Militia, Third Lieutenant in Com pan \' F, Fourth Massachusetts Re.ui- ment. At the first call of Presi.lent Lin- coln, April 15, 1S6], for troops to defend the flag of our countr}-, he immediately left his business and reported at Faneuil Hall and with his Regiment started to Fortress Monroe. Was soon p.omotedto First Sergeant, returning to Massachusetts at expiration of service. He again volun- teered as F'irst Sergeant, Company K, Fourth Massachusetts Volunteers, com- manded by Colonel Henry Walker, and proceeded to New Orleans, La. The Regi- ment experienced severe duty in Ingra- ham's Brigade and other commands at Brazier City, Ship Island, Port Hudson, and the Nineteenth Army Corps under General Banks; he was taken a prisoner at Brazier City and soon after paroled; was with his Regiment again at the garrison of Port Hudson. In August, 1863, mustered out at expiration of term of service. He again volunteered as Second Lieuten- ant in Fifty-Eighth Regiment, Massachu- setts \'olunteers, was in charge of recruit- ing service at Taunton; promoted to First Lieutenant March 8, 1864, before leaving Alexandria, Va. Participated in the Bat- tle of the Wilderness and other engage- ments; was commissioned Captain, Augtist S, 1864, and was with his Regiment until the close of the war. Albick T ,S. Xasu.n. Dorchester, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Fourth Massachusetts Regiment Born in Braintree, Mass., January 7, 1837. Enlisted in Company C, Fourth Regiment, M.V.M in 1858, was discharged July, 1861. F;n]isted in Company K, Thirty-Third Regiment in 1862, was trans- ferred to Third Massachusetts Cavalry, was discharged May 21, 1865, at F'alls Church, Va. Minute Mkn of '61 James H. I^eonard. Cochesset, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. I,, 4th Mass. Resjt., Co. C, 29th Regt. M.V.M' Comrade James H. Leonard born at East Bridgewater, Mass., April 14, 1841, re- sponded with Fourth Massachusetts Regi- ment, Minute Men of '61, proceeded to Fortress Monroe, Va., participating in every important engagement. Nearly the entire Regiment again volunteered for three years. Afterwards organized as the Twenty-Ninth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers. Comrade Leonard being assigned to Company C. The engagements of the Regiment are recorded as Hampton Roads, Gaines Mills, Savage's Station, White Oak Swamp, Malvern Hill, Second Bull Run, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Jackson, Blue vSprings, Siege of Knoxville, Campbell's Station, Cold Harbor, Peters- burg, Weldon Railroad, Fort Steadman. Comrade Leonard was twice wounded (quite severely at Antietam), and was discharged May 21, 1864. Later re-entered the service in the Commissary Department, and a portion of the time served as mounted orderly to General Williams of General Grant's .staff. Now resides at Cochesset, Mass. m of Francis I^. Souther Minute Men of '61 Co. H, Fourth Massachusetts Regiment Francis Lincoln Souther was born Ouincy, Mass., on May 27, 1836, son John L. and Marcella A. Souther. His ancestors can be traced back to the Pilgrims on both sides, and his great grandfather, on the maternal side, served in the war of the Revohition, Minute Men of '76. Enlisted as private in Company H, Fourth Regiment, M.V.M. , and was one of the Minute Men of '61. They proceeded to Fortress Monroe, and this Regiment with others, was called upon to take a part in the first serious conflict of the war, the battle of Big Bethel, Va., June 10, 1861. At this action , he received mortal wounds , of which he died the same day. Wlien brought off the parapets, he said, "Put me down, boys, let me lay, and do your duty." He was the first soldier killed in battle from Qiiincy. His body was sent home, and buried m Mt. WoUaston Cemetery with military honors, upon the return of the Company after expiration of its term of service. 102 MiNtJTE Men of '61 James T. Stkvkn.s. Braiiitree. .Mass. Minute Men of '61 IJeiit. Co. C. 4tli Mass. Capt 42(1 Re.nt. :Ma,ss. Vols. James Trimble Stevens was born in Braintree, Mass. , June 20, 1835. His occu- pation in life has been the manufacture of tacks and nails. He was Fir.st Ueutenant of Company C, Fourth Regiment M.V.M., and at the fir.st call of President Ivincoln for troops went with his company to the front. Afterward he re-enlisted as Captain of Company I, P'orty-Second Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers. He is a member of the As.so- ciation of Minute Men of '61. He was the first commander of General Sylvanus Thayer Post 87, G-A-R Braintree. He was representative to the General Court, 1876, from Braintree, and Senator from the First Norfolk district, 1888 and 1889. He is a member of Delta lyodge, F. and A. M., Weymouth, and of South Shore Commandery. He has served as Chief Engineer of the Fire Department and has been for many years chairman of the board of water com- missioners. He is President of the Brain- tree Co-operative Bank and Trustee of the Braintree Savings Bank. Col. Hknry W.-m.kick, Kcston, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Col. l'*onrt]i Massachnsctts Re.v4inieiit The bombardment of Fort vSumter began on April 12, 1861 ; on the fifteenth Henry Walker enlisted, being the first Harvard graduate to do so for the suppression of the Rebellion. He had previou.sly studied law in the office of Hutchins & Wheeler. He was appointed Adjutant of the Fourth Massachusetts and was at his post in the battle of Big Bethel . In the autumn of the same year he was appointed Ivientenant- Colonel of his Regiment, which was reported by Colonel Emery, chief of ord- nance, "to be in better condition than any Militia Fegimentin the state." When not engaged in the field, Colonel Walker enlisted troops at home, being also the first to engage volunteers in Massachusetts for service in the war. In 1862 he was ap- pointed Colonel of the Fourth Regiment, was ordered to New Orleans, thence to Baton Rogue, then to Port Hudson, where he took part in the famous assault. Col- onel Walker was honorably discharged from the army, and has received his en- dorsement of General Banks : " He was an honorable and patriotic officer." Col- onel Walker was in command of the Ancient and Honorable Artillerv Company upon the pilgrimage to England in 1897. Minute Men of '61 103 La., June 14, 1S63. Commissioned P'irst Lieutenant Seveiit} -Fifth U.S.C.T., dis- charned for disa'iilit;. , January 9, LS6+. Was Capt;'.in in the Seventh M.V M. in lcS69 and 1870 ; he is an Ex-Alderman of that ( it\ . Is an Odd FeUow and a Kniii'lit of Tythias, a conirad.e of Post 14, (t-A-R, I'ast Dt'partinent Commander of the F-V-U Depaitinent of Maine. Gf,or(;k M. I^ovkrino. Tot^a.s, Me. Minute Men of '61 .Ser«t. 4th Ma.ss. Reed's Cav. & l Isaac S. Clark, Chelsea, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. G, 4th Mass. Regt. 1 .. -^M H^^^ ^^^ >^|E Hp ~-^'^ (3 i |^mH^^^^^^>^^^^ L'.^^^3^^Hii^^^^H Capt. Jamks Il.O.sooon, Past. Pres. Minute Men of '61 4th and 29th Mass. Regts. (deceased) Sergt. lyYMAN B. 'Whiton, Hiugham, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. I, 4th Mass. lyt. 32d Mass. Mj. 3d Regt. M. H. A. r.icNjAMix I''. Caswell, Whitman, Mass. Minute Men of '61 1st Sergt. 4th Mass. Sergt. Co. K, ISth Mass. Killed August 30, 1S62 Minute Men of '61 113 George M. Adams, Hin.Erliam, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. I. 4th Mass. Co. H, 35th Mass. 1 William H. Howe, Everett, Mass. ' Minute Men of '61 ■ i Co. K, 4th Mass. Serfft. & I,t. 29th Regt. Mass. Vols. ' Frank Corwin, Hanover. Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. C, Fourth Mass. Regt. (deceased) Alonzo W. Fuller, Chelsea, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. F. 4th JIass. Co. C, 35th Regt. Mass. Vols. 114 Minute Me;n7of761 Hknry Humble, Whittnnn, Mass. I.cthur Stephenson, Hinghaiii, Mas.s. Minute Men of '61 Minute Men of '61. Co. E, 4th Mass. Lt. Co. E, 4th Mass. Vols. 9 nios. 4th Mass. I^t. Col. 32d M.V.M. Brig. Gen U. ,S. Vols. Alfbed a. I.,incoln, Hinghani, Mass. Minute Men of "61 Co. I, 4th Mass., Co. E, 32d Regt. Mass. Vols. William H. Maine, Whitman, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. E> 4th Mass. Sergt. Co. Ei 4th Mass. 9 mos. Minute Men oe '61 115 James N. MacKay. Randolph, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Corp. Co. B, Fourth Massachusetts Regiment John H, Church, Taunton, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Company G, Fourth Massachusetts Regiment ■Wm. H. Marston, Somer\-ille, Mass. (died 1906) Benjamin K. Barrett, Whitman, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Minute Men of '61 Co. I, 4th Mass. Corp. Co. C, 23d Regt. Mass. Vols. Co. E, 4th Mass. Regt. Co. C, 3Sth Regt. M.V.M. 116 Minute Men of '61 John H. Crafts, Kast Boston, Mass Minute Men of '61 Co. K. 4th Mass. 29th Rent. Ma.ssl Vols Charlks H. Hayden Minute Men of '61 Co. I„ 4th Mass. Co, C. 29th ReHft. Mass. Vols Walter Edward Nason Minute Men of '61 Fourth Massachusetts Regiment (deceased) Andrew J. Stetson, Whitman, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. E, 4th Ma.ss. Co. D, 3Sth Mass. Killed in Battle Sept. 19, 1864 MiNUfE Men. of '61 117 James II. Wetherell, Whitman, Mas.s Minute Men of '61 Co. K- 4th Mass. 1st ht. 13th Maine Vols. Seth p. Gurney, Whitman. Mass. Minnte Men of '61 Co. E. 4th Mass. Co. D, 38th Mass. Vols. David T. H.\rtshobn, Brooklyn, N. Y. Minute Men of '61 Company 1*, Fourth Massachusetts Regiment William F. Storey, Taunton, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Company B, Fourth Massachusetts Regiment Otis S. Withkrkli,, Whitinan, Miis.s. Minute Men of ol Company K, l''oiirthsMassacluisetts'ReKinient Wii-i.iAM K. Roberts, Randolph, aiass. Minute Men of '61 Conipan\- A, Fourth Massachusetts ReRinieut Alva A. Guhnicy, Whitman, IMass. Minute Men of '61 Co. E, 4th Mass. Co. K, 7th Mass. Vol, Thom.-\s Taylor, West Medford, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. E, 4th Mass. Co. C, 3Sth Regt. Mass. Vols. Minute Men of '61 119 James M. Cushman, Taunton. Mass. Minute Men of '61 Company G. Fourth Massachusetts Reyrinient John C. Bbooks. Boston. Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. A, 4th Mass. Regt. Co. D, 2Uth M.V.M. Morton E. H.\ading, Abington, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. E, 4th Mass. Regt., Sergt. Co. E, 4th Regt. IviEUT. Zaccheus Sherman. Taunton, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Fourth Massachusetts Volunteers 120 Minute; Men of '61 Timothy Rked, Whitman, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. K, 4th Mass. Capt. Co. D, 3Sth Mass. (deceased) EZEA VINAL, Jr. Minute Men of '61 Co. K, 4th Mass. 29th 'Mass. (deceased) Joshua T. Bbyant, Whitmati, Ma.ss. Minvite Men of '61 Co. E, 4th Mass. Re.?t. (deceased) Joseph A. Steingardt, Whitman, Mass. Minute Men of '61 4th Mass. Regt. Co. C, 38Ui Mass (deceased) Minute Men of '61 121 William W. Otis, Avon. Mass. Minute Men of '61 Company D. Fourth Ma.ssachu.setts Re.i,nment I^IEUT. Loris vSoULE, Wlntnian, Mas.s. Minute Men of "61 Co, E, Fcurth Ma.ss. Capt. Fourth Mass. Vols. 9inos. Samuel W. Khed. Whitman. :\Ia: Minute Men of '61 Fourth Mas.sachusetts Kesiment William H. Sweet, Foxborc, Ma.s.s-. MimUe Men of '61 Cc mi);;r.y I". Fourtli Massachu.<.etts Keuinieut THE BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES ACCOMPANINYG THE INDIVIDUAL PICTURES, WITH FEW EXCEPTIONS, HAVE BEEN FURNISHED BY THE PERSONS THEMSELVES. Fifth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of ^61 SKETCH of the FIFTH REGIMENT, M. V. M. by WILLIAM T. EUSTIS Standinj^" out clearly in the records of the state, the Fifth Regiment is the oldest of militia organizations, save the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company. It was organized in 1786 and from that date to the present time has held its organization except at short intervals when bitter opposition against all militia caused the troops to remain inactive, but the spirit that always prevails in loyal hearts could not and did not discourage them so that the changing years and men found the Fifth Regiment ready to answer ''Here" when the call was made in those stirring days of April, • LS61. When President Abraham Lincoln made his first call for seventy-five thousand men, this gallant body of officers and men could not remain silent nor passive, so that on April 15, 1861, Colonel Samuel C. Lawrence tendered the services of the Regiment to that never-to-1)e- forgotten War Governor of Massachusetts, John A. Andrew. The offer was accepted and on the nineteenth, orders were issued to report for duty. It is thus seen that old methods of organization were then in force. On the afternoon of Arpil 20, 1 months of service expired on the nine- teenth, and harl it l^een desired our dis- charge could have been secured. One or two other organizations under similar con- ditions did not advance beyond Center- ville, but in the Fifth no man asked or desired to do anything other than to serve in the coming battle, and no argument was necessar}' to induce them to remain, and when at three a.m., on the morning of the twenty-first, line was formed for the advance, which we all knew meant battle, the ranks were full, after a slow progress, the road in our front being blocked by the troops of T3-ler's Division. W^e moveeneral, Feb- ruary 15, 1899. Retired Mav 8, 1900. Now residing in Brooklyn, N. Y. President of Veteran Association, Twenty-Third Regiment from January, 1901, to present time. His ances- tors were active participants in the Revolu- tionarv War and in the war cf 1812. 146 Minute Men of '61 James H. C.RUiGS. Somerville, Mass. :Mimite Men of '61 Companx- B, Vifth Massachusetts Regiment James H. Ori.a^gs was born in Dtilhaiii, Mass., in 1838. He enlisted in April, 1S61, in Company B, Fifth Massachusetts \'olunteer Militia, and served with. that Regiment during the three months' rampaign. At the battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861, was wounded by the eneni}- and for the next eleven months was in tlie prisons of Libby, Tus- caloosa and SalisVmry. 1 pc^n his return, he enlisted in Company D, Thirty-Third Massachusetts ^■olunteers, and was dis- charged in INlarch, 1863, by reason of dis- ability from wounds. In January, 1864, joined the Thirtv -Ninth United States Cavalr\- Trcops, ^\ith which command he served during the campaign of Petersburg, in the Army of the James, and was with the command during the entire service of the F;ighteenth x'\rmy Corps, in the siege of Richmond, until the command was sent to North Carolina, in the late autumn of 1864. Participated in both of the attacks on Fort Fisher, and continued in the ser- vice in North Carolina after the close of the war, for many months. On duty at Wilmington, Goldsboro, Roanoke Island, Fort Macon, Morehead City and F'ort Fisher until the muster out of his Regi- ment in the late fall of 1867. Is now a resident of Somerville, Mass. Minute Men of '61 147 Alvin R. Baily Minute Men of '61 Fifth Massachusetts Reginient Alvin R. Bailey was born in Charles- town, Febrnary 13, 1846, and moved to Somerville in 1848 and was educated in the Somerville schools. His father was a Minute ]Man in 1812, and his brother, Charles H. Railey, served in Company H, Fifth, and his cousin, Walter C. Bailey, was a Sergeant in Com- pan}- I and First Lieutenant of Company B, in the same Regiment. He served in Company B of the Fifth and since the war has spent most of his life in business in Boston. He served as President of the Regimental Association in 1907 and 19U8 and has served as Treasurer since June, 1904. He is a member of Abraham Lin- coln Post No 11, G-A-R, having joined it in June, 1868, served as Adjutant many years and was Commander in 1887. He served on the stafl' of Department Com- mander Billings and Commanders-in-Chief Warner and Alger. He is a member of the Civic Club, H nnewell Club, Monday Evening Club E-ght O'clock Clul) and I'nitarian Club of Newton, the Unitarian Club, Appalachian Mountain Club and (rrand Army Club of Bostqn. Is a mem- ber of the Sons of the American Revolu- tion and National Ofiicers Association of the (i-A-R. He is at present treasurer of the Franklin INIining Company and other- organizations. 148 Minute Men of '61 Joseph J. Giles, Somerville, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Company I, Fifth Massachusetts Regiment Joseph J. Giles was born in vSomerville, Mass., March 24, 1,S42, he being the first child born in vSomerville after it was set apart from Charlestown. He was educated in the public schools of his native town. In early life, he served three j-ears' appren- tice to Joseph Y. Twombly, learning the house painting trade. He left the bench in April, 1S61, and enlisted for three months in Company I, Fifth Massachusetts Volunteers, under Captain George O. Brastow, and participated in the first bat- tle of Bull Run. At the expiration of this service he returned home, and in 1H62 he assisted in recruiting f(jr three years, the Somerville Guard, of which he was com- missioned its First L/ieutenant. The Com- pany became Company R, of the Thirty- Ninth Massachusetts Volunteers, and did valiant service. In 1863 Mr. (liles was appointed Aide-de-Camp to the Military Governor at Washington, Brigadier-Cjen- eral John H. Martindale, which position he held for eleven months, he being the onlv volunteer officer on a regular army staff. Mr. (liles represented his district in the Legislature in 1891 and 1892, and was on important committees. Mr. Criles is one of the leading real estate brokers in Somerville, which business he has carried on since 1875. Minute P en of '61 149 JUDSox W. Oliver. Soiiiervii;t-. :\Ia: s. Minute Men of '61 Co. I, Fifth Mns.s. .Sergt. Co. E. .^91h Mas.s. Vo!.' Judson W. Oliver, Company I, Fifth Massachu-setts Volunteer Militia, three months' service. Sergeant Company E, Thirtv-Ninth Massachusetts Volunteers, was prisoner at F;elle Isle and Libb}' for six months. Mu.stered out at close of war. Died April 7, 1908. 150 Minute Me>j of '61 Calvix S. Mixter, Maiden, IVIass. Minute Men of '61 Co. F. 5th Regt. Co. B. 22d Ma.ss. 1st L,t. and Adjt. 37th Regt. U. S. C. T. Calvin S. Mixter responded to the call of^President Lincoln for seventy-five thou- sand men, and promptly enlisted in a com- pany of volunteers raised b^- Captain David K. Wardwell and others, designated as Company F, and attached to the Fifth Regiment, M.V.M., commanded by Colo- nel Samuel C. Lawrence. He served therein all the engagements in which the Regiment participated, and was mustered out^and honorably discharged at expira- tion'of term of service Jul}- 31, 1861. September 3, 1861, he re-enlisted in Company B, Twenty-Second Regiment Massachusetts \'olunteer Infantry, and was mustered out Januarj* 21, 1864, to accept the appointment of First Lieuten- ant and Adjutant of the Thirty-Seventh Regiment United States Colored Troops, and served therein until September, 1864, when he contracted malarial fever and was sent to the hospital at Hampton, Va., where he was honorably discharged for disability December 6, 1864. Since then he has been employed by the government of the United States. Minute Men" of '61 151 Charles Raymond, Charlestown, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Company K Fifth Massachusetts Retrinient Charles Raymond was born in Charles- town, Mass., mustered in May 1, 1861, in Conipan}' K, Fifth Massachusetts Volun- teer Militia for three months' term. Was at the battle of Bull Run. Discharged July 31, 1861. Enlisted July 21, 1862, for three years in Compan}- B, Thirty-Sixth Massachusetts Volunteers and was appointed vSergeant. Participated in the followng engagements: Fredericksburg, Va., Vicksburg, Jackson, Campljell Station, Knoxville, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna and Cold Har- bor. Severely wounded at Cold Harbor, June 3, 1864. Discharged, July 31, 1864. Comrade Raymond is a Past Commander of Post No. 11, G-A-R. Mr. Raymond's ancestors were active in all the early wars fought in this country. Both himself and wife being son and daughter of the Ameri- can Revolution. His ancestor, William Raymond, pri- vate, Captain Rossiter's Company of Minute Men, Colonel John Patterson's Regiment, which marched in response to the alarm of April 19, 1775. After- wards enlisted in Continental Army, was stationed in Fort No. 3, in Charles- town, during siege of Boston. 152 Minute Men of '61 I IE--TE.\-ANT FL-SHA N. PEIRCE, I'lLs' Minute Men of "61 Lieutenant Elisha Nye Peirce of Wal- tliam, Fourteenth President cf Massachu- setts Minute Men of '61, born in Medford, Mass., August 21, 1839 He is a direct descendant from John Pers, an English Puritan, who settled in Watertown, in 1634. On the first call for troops April 15, 1861, Private Elisha N. Peirce inarched with the Minute Men of '61 to the defence of Washington, in Company E, Fifth Regi- ment, M.V.M. This Regiment was .attached to Franklin's Brigade^ Heintz- elman's Division, and was the only Regiment of Massachusetts that was en- gaged in the fir.st battle of Bull Run, fought July Z2. 1861. After being miistered out here-enlisted with his entire Company in the Thirty- Ninth Massachusetts Volunteers. It is be- lieved that Company E, Fifth M.V.M. , is the only three months' company^ that re- enlisted as an entire company into a three gears' Regiment. Before the Twenty- Ninth left the state. Private Peirce was appointed a I^ieutenant in a nine months' Minute Men of '61 153 Company that was formed in Medford to take the place in the Fifth Regiment made vacant by Company E, going into the Thirty-Ninth. After a short service in the Fifth Regi- ment, he was transferred to the United States Signal Corps, in which he served until January, 1865, when he was dis- charged on account of disability. Lieutenant Peirce served in the Tenth and Eighteenth Army Corps, and in the States of Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, also on several gun-boats, as army signal officer to communicate with land forces, and was three times slightly wounded. He was s member of the Massachusetts Commandery of the Loyal Legion, and of the United States Veteran Signal Corps Association. He died October 30, 1904. IvIST OF NATIONAly CKMBTERIES With the Number of Interments in Each, June 30th, 1895 Name of Cemetery Alexandria, La. Alexandria, Va. Andersonville, Ga. Annapolis, Md. Antietam, Md. Arlington, Va. Ball',s Bluflf, Va. Barrancas, Fla. Baton Rouge, I^a. ' Battle Ground, D. C. Beaufort, S. C. Beverly, N. J. Brownsville, Tex. Camp Butler, 111. Camp Nelson, Ky. Cave Hill, Ky. Chalmette, La Chattanooga, Tenn. City Point, Va. Cold Harbor, Va. Corinth, Miss. Crown Hill, Ind. Culpepper, Va. Custer Battlefield, Mont. Cypress Hills, N. Y. Danville, Ky, Danville, Va. Fayetteville, Ark. Finn's Point, N. J. Florence, S. C. Fort Donelson, Tenn. Fort Gibson, Ind. T. Fort Harrison, Va. Fort Leavenworth, Kans. Fort McPherson, Nebr. Fort Scott, Kans. I-"ort .Smith, Ark. Fredericksburg, Va. Gettysburg, Pa. Interments. Known. Unknown. 532 772 3,410 123 12,782 923 2,288 204 2,872 1.864 12,589 4,349 1 24 862 710 2,508 532 43 4,775 4,532 164 7 1,463 1,379 1,009 355 2,455 1,189 2,442 582 6,944 5,742 8,117 4,969 3,779 1,379 672 1,289 1,790 3,939 680 32 456 912 807 183 4,975 373 349 8 1,175 153 445 782 106 2,539 212 2,804 160 511 241 2,212 242 575 1,729 1,445 473 341 489 177 783 1,150 2,490 12.795 1,984 1,612 Total. 1,304 3,533 3,533 13,705 4,736 16,938 25 1,572 3,040 9,307 171 2,842 1,364 3,644 4,024 12,686 13,086 .5,158 1,961 5,729 712 1,386 990 5,348 357 1,328 1,227 2,645 3,016 671 2,453 817 3,174 814 666 1,933 15,285 3,597 Interments. Name of Cemetery. Known. Unknown. Total. Glendale, Va. 238 965 1,203 Grafton, W. Va. 637 620 1,257 Hampton, Va. 6,653 493 7,146 Jeflferson Barracks. Mo. 8,806 2,906 11,712 Jeffer.son City, Mo. 370 411 781 Keokuk, Iowa 661 43 704 Kuoxville, Tenn. 2,149 1,047 3,196 Lebanon, Ky. 592 277 869 Lexington. Ky. 840 112 952 Little Rock, Ark. 3,349 2,373 .5,722 London Park, Md. ,2262 374 2,366 Marietta, Ga. 7,199 2,965 10,164 Memphis, Tenn. 5,171 8,820 13,992 Mexico City, Mex. 570 750 1.320 Mill .Springs, Ky. 350 366 716 Mobile, Ala. 795 116 912 Mound City, 111. 2,504 2,763 5,267 Nashville, Tenn. 11,857 4.701 16,558 Natchez, Miss. 332 2,780 3,112 New Albany, Ind. 2,192 676 2,868 New Berne, N. C. 2,212 1,091 3,303 Philadelphia, Pa. 2,173 185 2,358 Poplar Grove, Va. 2,199 4,006 6,205 Port Hudson, La. 592 3,239 3,831 Quincy, 111. 167 55 222 Raliegh, N. C. 629 572 1,201 Richmond, Va. 851 5,700 6,551 Rock Island, 111. 277 20 308 Salisbury, N. C. 102 12,035 12,137 San Antonio, Tex. 966 225 1,191 San Francisco, Cal. 999 397 1,396 Santa Fe, N. M. 243 360 603 Seven Pines, Va. 154 1,226 1,380 Shiloh, Tenn. 1.236 2,362 3,598 Soldiers Home, D. C. 6,303 293 6,593 Springfield. Mo. 919 734 1,650 St. Augustine, Fla. 1,470 1,476 Staunton, Va. 234 527 761 .Stone's River, Tenn. 3,817 2,330 6,147 Vicksburg, Miss. 3,935 12,721 16.656 •Wilmington, N. C. 717 1,577 2,294 Winchester, Va. 2,099 2.385 4,484 •Woodlawn, N. Y. 3,068 7 3,075 Yorktown, Va. 750 1,435 2,186 Totals 183,946 150,507 334,453 Of these interments, about 9,300 are those of Confederates, being mainly in the National Ceme- teries at Camp Butler, Cypress Hills, Finn's Point, Fort Smith, Hampton, Jefferson Barrack's and Wood lawn. 154 Minute Men o^ '61 John Mackenzie Minute Men of '61 Co. B, Fifth Massachusetts Regiment John MacKenzie, Company B, Fifth Regiment, Minute Men of '61, was born in Prince Edward Island, in 1838, of Scotch parentage, his father being descended from the Applecross MacKenzies. Alex- ander MacKenzie. a direct ancestor of his father, was a Lieiitenant Colonel in the first MacKenzie Regiment and took part in the battle of vSheriffineer, 1715. Came to Boston in 1858, and engaged in business for himself. Joined the Massa- chusetts Volunteer Militia, and was a member of the Richardson Light Guards of South Reading. During the winter of 1859 and 1860 he got his first lessons in patriotism from old Dr. Kirk in the Ash- burton Place Church. He preached on the love of God and Country, so that when the call came, it found him ready to serve the land of his adoption. Will not dwell on the exciting time in Faneuil Hall, and that all-day trip to Minute Men of '61 155 New York, and how the guests at the Le Farge House gave up their rooms to us while the boat was -being prepared to carry us to AnnapoHs. There were many sea-sick going around Cape Hatteras. After a good deal of trouble at Annapolis, where we encountered the first signs of treason, we arrived in Washington, and were quartered in the Treasviry Building. There, I, as well as others, felt the warm clasp of the noble Ivincoln hand, and heard his fervent, "God bless you, my boys . " ' After the gallant Ellsworth was mur- dered in Alexandria, the Fifth Regiment was made provost guard, and put the cit}- under martial law. While not on duty guarding the city, we worked on Fort Ellsworth, and after a few weeks of that kind of life, the order came to prepare for more active duty. We were given three days' rations, but my right hand man, Horace Warren, had no haversack, so hi- put what he could in his pockets, and I carried all I could in my haversack, and divided with him on the way. The consequence was that he and I, and many others suffered for food before the three days had passed. I will now pass on to Sunda}- morning, Jul}' 21, that terrible day of the battle of Bull Run. Though we had been on our feet and ready for action since before day- light, the Fifth Regiment did not get on the field until about noon. We were marched into an open space, and down into a valley-, while shot and shell flew thick and fast mosth- over head. Then we went up a hill and commenced firing b}' company front ; and as each company fired, it parted into two platoons in the rear to load. Here m^- comrades, Griggs and Eustis, were severely wounded, and I think it was here that Thomas Hetler was killed b\- a bullet in the brain. Then Ricket's Battery came along, and ■we were ordered to support it. We helped it through the Run which was more than knee deep, and up the hill into position to fire on the enemy, but jiist as they got ready to fire, they were opened on by a battery in the woods, about two hundred yards away, which made fearful destruc- tion. Many of the men aud horses were killed, and the batter\- came rolling down upon us and seemed to break up our Regiment. I heard no command after that, and it seemed as though each one did what he thought \vas best. I saw one poor fellow strtiggling in the stream, and assisting him to his feet, I saw that a piece of his skull, over his eyes hung out from his head, though the covering of the brain was not broken. I set the piece back into place and bound it there with an old handkerchief. Then with my help he could walk and tell me the Regitnent to which he belonged, but I do not now re- member it. I took him to an old farm house which stood in a field a few hundred yards away. Here many dead and wounded lay around the house and barn. We managed to get up the steps, and someone inside took him by the arm and helped him in, and I saw him no more. It did seem as if the enemy's fire was directed against that house, for bullets stuck in the wood-work around the door and windows, and flattened on the brick-work that the lower part of the house was composed of. Upon returning I could not find either my Company or Regiment, l)ut fouud Horace Warren, my old chum. He was loading and firing away at the enemy on his own hook. The bullets flew so thick and fast around us, though, that after filling our canteens in the muddy stream, we left that part of the field to find our Regiment if possible. Passing through a grove on our right, I saw many dead and wounded confederates who had lain there since earh' morning. One of them with his leg shattered to pieces, raised his hand and begged me not to kill him. Such a thing was far from my mind. Then he begged for water. I handed him my canteen, and helpedhim to raise his head and shoulders, in a little while he drank nearly all of its nmddy contents. After that, we got into the road which was filled with all kinds of troops mixed up with baggage wagons and even hacks with ladies and gentlemen in citizens 156 Minute Men of '61 clothes. Just ahead of us was a battery which I think was the one we helped in the early part of the da3^ It was now near night, and we were nearing a cross in the roads. A company of Confederate cavalry rushed out from the right and took the Imttery in less time than it takes to tell it, then galloped away to the right with it. About a mile further on we saw a farm house down in a field with a well sweep in the yard, and Warren said, "I^et us go down and get some cold water." There wasn't a soul about the place and the well was deep ana had no bucket or rope. It was hard to see that nice cold water and not be able to get at it. Then we saw an old dairy, and as we did not expect to find any milk, we were surprised to see three pans standing on a shelf with thick cream on them . In fact they were as thick as pudding, but Warren ripped a shingle from the roof, split it in two, and we had a good feast. It was well we did for we had had nothing to eat since early morn- ing, and did not get any thing until eleven o'clock the next day. After we had eaten all we could, we got into the crowd again, until we came to a bridge near Centreville. This bridge was built over a deep gulley, in which there was a little water, and it had small rails on each side. It was so crowded with men and teams that the rails gave wa)' and many were either killed or injured by falling aboixt fifteen feet to the rocks and water below. It was about dark when we reached Centreville which we had left in the early morning. Here we found about half of my company, and I was so wrought up with all I had been through, and what I then supposed was the loss of the other half, that I was completely overcome, and went by myself and cried like a child. Sometime in the night I heard tl'.e order to fall in and march back to Alexandria. In a short time, however, we were all broken up again into a crowd, but Warren and I kept together. After what seemed a terrible journey, through fields and woods most of the time, we came out at the long bridge on the Potomac, and started back to meet our Regiment at Alexandria. We met them, or what was left of them, on the way and marched into Washington. From here we were sent north, as our time had expired before this, and were discharged on Boston Common. I married soon after, and when the Regiment went again I wanted to go, but my girl wife coaxed me out of it, and when they went out the third time, I had "infantry" at home to take care of and could not go. Minute Men of '61 157 COL. Georgk W. Naeon, Franklin, Mass. Minute Men of '61 ?th Mass. Regt., Post 60, Installing: Officer CERTIFICATE OF RECORD. ■ No. 140380. Compiled from Official and Authentic Sources by the Soldiers and Sailors. Historical and Benevolent Society. In testimony whereof, I hereunto set ni}- hand and cause to be affixed the seal of the Society. Done at Washington, D. C, this 24th day of September, a.d., 1906. M. Wai.lingsford, No. 140380. Historian. TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN : George Warr^jn Nason, Jr., was the son of George W. Nason of Franklin, who married Peace Boyden Cook, daughter of Captain Abner Cook, and granddaughter of Captain Daniel Cook of Fall River, who, with his vessel, was employed in trans- porting munitions of war for General Washington's Army; and grandson of Jesse Nason of Franklin, and great- grandson of Willoughby Nason, the Revo- lutionary soldier of Walpole, Mass. The Revolutionary Archieves at the State House show that the said Willoughby Nason *erved four terms of enlistment in 1775- -1776 and 1777 during the Revolutionary War, being promoted to Bombardier in Colonel Craft's Artillery Regiment. After peace was declared he returned to his farm in Walpole, following agricultural pursuits, where he died April 9, 1838. His wife, Mary, -died at the home of her grandson, George W., in the town of Franklin, May 22, 1844. A beautiful granite monument in Rural Cemetery, Walpole, marks the place where the Revokttionary hero was buried. 5Il|t0 rprtifipB that George W^arren Nason, Jr. Enlisted from Franklin, Nor- folk County, Massachusetts, on the 15th day of April, 1861 to serve three months as a Private of Captain George O. Brastow's Compan}- I, Fifth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, (Minute Men of '61), Colonel Samuel C. Lawrence commanding. The Fifth Regiment of Massachusetts Infantry, at that time a militia organiza- tion, was not included among those re- ceiving the first call to arms after the Old Flag was fired upon, April 12, 1861, at Fort Sumter, but at a meeting held April 15, 1861, the day of President Lincoln's call for sev- enty-five thousand men for three months, the services of the command were offered to the Governor for that period, which offer was quickly accepted. On April 17, the command was instructed to hold itself in readiness for duty. It occupied Faneuil Hall as its headquarters, where its organi- zation was completed with the following field officers, viz: — Samuel C. Lawrence, Colonel; J. Durell Greene, Lieutenant- Colonel ; Hamlin W. Keyes, Major. On of April 21, 1861, the Regiment set out for Washington, D. C, moving by rail to New York; thence with Cook's First Massa- chusetts Battery by steamers, ' ' DeSato ' ' and "Ariel" to Fortress Monroe and Annap- olis, where they assisted in saving "Old Ironsides," thence marching to Washing- ton, the Nation's Capital, about forty miles reaching that city in the early morning of April 26, where President Lincoln wel- comed them and clasped the hand of every member of the Regiment. Quarters were provided in the Treasury building. It was mustered into the United vStates service on May 1, 1861, and remained in the city for a month, performing guard duty at the 158 Minute Men oe '61 Treasury building, the President's House, and War Department, and perfecting itself in drill. On Ma}- 25, it was ordered across the Potomac, crossing long bridge at mid- night and encamping near Alexandria, Va. , and occupying a point near Shute-r's Hill where they threw up breastworks and con- structed Fort Ellsworth. A camp was formed nearby and was named Camp Andrew, in honor of John A. Andrew, at that time Governor of Massachusetts. The command was reviewed by President Lincoln on June 14, 1861, and later was assigned to the First Brigade, Third Di- vision, of General McDowell's Army. On July 16, the Regiment broke camp, moving to Fairfax Court House, thence to Sangster's Station and Centreville Ridge, meeting some resistance of the enemy, holding its position until the night of July 20, crossing the stone bridge about mid- night, and on the next day, Sunday, July 21, 1861, took part in the first battle of Bull Run, where it performed gallant ser- vice, losing a number of killed, wounded and captured. Soon after this apparently drawn battle, the command moved to Centreville, thence on to Washington. From there it returned to Boston, where it was mustered out, its term of service having expired before the Bull Run battle. The said George W. Nason, Jr., was wounded at Bull Run, Va., on July 21, 1861, by a gun-shot in left leg and upon the head by a sabre cut through the cap. He was also captured during that battle, but escaped during the night and rejoined his Regiment. He was honorably discharged at Boston, Mass., on Jvily 31, 1861, by reason of expir- ation of term of service. He re-enlisted at Boston, August 14, 1861, to serve three years or during the war, and was mustered into the United States service September 2, 1861, as a Pri- vate of Company H, Twenty-Third Regi- ment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, Colonel John Kurtz, commanding. (Col- onel John W. Raymond was in command at expiration of service) . The Twenty-Third Regiment Massachu- setts Infantry was organized at Lynnfield, the general nuister of the enlisted men taking place on vSeptember 28, 1861, and detachments were added from time to time during the following month. The disaster at "Balls Bluff" early in November caused a hurry-up order for the Twenty-Third and other regiments to go forward; as several were away upon leave of absence. Adjutant General Schouler, upon recommendation of Colonel John Kurtz, detailed George W. Nason to re- main in camp two weeks, to receive and take charge of the men as they returned for duty. The Regiment left its camp at Ivynnfield, on November 11, moving by rail to Fall River, whence it embarked on the steamers "State of Maine" and "Metropolis" for New York, thence moved via Philadelphia, Pa. , to Perryville, and from there by steamer to Annapolis, Md., where the command was united a few days later and occupied Camp John A. Andrew. It was mustered into the United States service on December 5, 1861, and was assigned to the First Brigade under General John G. Foster. On the morning of Thanksgiving Day, Nason arrived at the Camp with three loaded cars, two with soldiers for the Twenty-Third, the Twenty- Fifth and other regiments and one express car with boxes and parcels from home for Thanksgiving dinner. On January 6, 1862, the Regiment embarked upon what was known as the General Burnside Expedition for Fortress Monroe, Va., and from there sailed to Hatteras Inlet, N. C, which was reached after a stormy vovage, on January 15, sailing thence into Pamlico Sound. Two weeks were spent in repairing damage and making preparation for the movement against Roanoke Island, and on February 5, the Regiment sailed for that place, land- ing on the seventh, with the exception of Company E, which was detailed to assist in working the gunboat ' ' Huzzar. ' ' The Is- land, with four Forts, sixty-six canon, and five thousand prisoners was surrendered to General Burnside, February 8, 1862. The Regiment was assigned to the First Brigade, First Division, Ninth Corps, later to the First Brigade, Second Division, Eighteenth Corps, Army of the James, and during its service participated in the follow- ing engagements, viz :- Roanoke Island, Minute Men of '61 15 New-Berne, N. C. ; Bachelor's Creek, N. C. ; Tuscorora, Swift Creek or Arrowfield Church, \'a. ; Kinston, X. C. ; Whitehall, Goldsboro, N. C. ; Wilcox' Bridge or Wise's Forks, Winston, Barnard's Mills, Magnolia Station, Smith field or Cherry Grove, Cobb's Farm, Whitehall, I'ocahon- tas, Va. ; Ppoctor's Creek, Halfway House, Drewry's Bluff, Gaines' Mills, Cold Har- l)or, Chester vStation or Bermuda Hundred, Mine Fxplosion, before Petersburg, and a number of minor engagements ; afterwards performing guard and garrison dut}- until ordered home, after expiration of its three years' service. The said George W. Nason, Jr., was transferred to the gunboat "Huzzar," on January 4, 1862, as Storekeeper of the ship, and during the attack on Roanoke Island, while acting as Number Two man on Star- board Cannon, was struck In- a piece of wood on the wrist, caused l)y a rebel shot passing through the gun rail on deck, severely injuring his right wrist. He also was wounded on March 14, 1862, at the blockade near New-Berne, N. C. On March 19, 1862, the gunboat "Huzzar" went to the navy yard for repairs and George \\'. Nason was assigned to duty in the office of the Chief Provost Marshal at New-Berne. He organized the New-Berne Fire De- partment Regiment and on May 2, 1864, was appointed Colonel of the Regiment, a position he occupied until the close of the war. He received an honorable discharge from Twenty-Third Massachusetts Regi- ment on October 13, 1864, b}- reason of expiration of tertn of service. He was afterwards employed as Civilian in the Provost Marshal's Department, until June 23, 1865, at which date he was ap- pointed Postmaster of the City of New- Berne, N. C, a position he filled with honor for about nine years, two \ears of which he travelled as Special Agent and Inspector for the Post Office Department. He re- signed the office of Postmaster in Decem- ber, 1873, for the purpose of taking the position of general manager for the Eagle Turpentine and Naval Store Works in Florida, of which George C. Rixford was president and Charles K. Dutton was treasurer. While with this concern, with headquarters at Live Oak, five new towns, with factories producing turpentine and resin, were opened up and post offices established, namely, Dawtey, Rixford, Padlock, Dutton and Custer. He surveyed and had charge of building the railroad about seven miles southerh' from Live Oak to Padlock, where the com- pany had the largest turpentine distilleries in the world. He also was one of the pioneers, being assistant to Chief Engineer Edward E. Farrell, and a director in the corporation which built the Lake Santa Fe Canal, con- necting Melrose, Florida, at the southerly end of the lake, with the Atlantic, Gulf and West India Transit Company's Rail- road at Waldo, six miles distant. He was a delegate from North Carolina and also a niemljer of Committee on Reso- lutions in the National Convention at Phila- delphia in 1872, which nominated General U. S. Grant for his second term as Presi- dent, was also a delegate to the Cincinnati Convention in 1876, which nominated Rutherford B. Hayes. Returning to Massachusetts after five years' service with the Eagle Company, he engaged in the real estate business with his brother, Jesse L. Nason and other associates, and from 1880 to 1892 built one hundred and seventeen dwelling houses, stores, hotels and other structures, many of them in the Back Bay section of the city. The depreciation of values in 1893-4-5 nearly . ruined him financially, but he closed up his affairs honorably, paid all obligations in full, and despite his advancing years, began life anew and went to work on a salary He rendered gallant and meritorious ser- vice to his country during the entire war, and achieved a proud record for faithful and efficient service. Probaljly one of the proudest acts of his life was the game of ' ' l)luff " ' which he successful!}- placed Ma\- 4, 1864, the facts of which are obtained from the diary found in the effects of Captain John A. Judson, Assi-stant Adjutant General to Generals Foster and Palmer at New-Berne, N. C. George W. Nason was only a private in a 160 Minute Men of '61 Massachusetts Regiment, detailed as a Clerk in Provost Marshal's office up to the time when he planned and executed the ' ' bluff game ' ' of receiving large reinforce- ments at New-Berne, N. C, May 4, 1864, when the government had supplies and munitions of war aggregating more than three millions of dollars, with less than thirty soldiers in the city, the gunboats and the Union troops being away upon expedi- tions to Washington, N. C, Edenton, Plymouth and Swansboro, etc. There were three Generals in the city, whose commands were divided up reconnoitering. When the rebels began to gather around New- Berne it looked hazey. Every pre- caution was taken to prevent rebel sym- pathizers in the city from communicating with rebel pickets outside. Those in au- thority expected the ' ' Johnnies ' ' to walk in and had arranged to bury the records, etc. , to prevent them from falling into the hands of the enemy. When Nason was called upon at the office of the Provost Marshal to furnish boxes and laborers to bury the records, he proposed a "bluff game ; " he said : " There are plenty of brass band instru- ments in the warehouse ; we have two locomotives and six cars ; probably a thou- sand negroes in town. We could rig out two or three brass bands, get them ready and as' soon as it becomes dark, load up the cars with "darkies" as musicians, to drown the noise of the engine, have the steam saw and planing mill run a few minutes while the train is backing down over Trent River bridge, put out the lights, cover the sides of the engine with blankets and rvui the train very slowly over the bridge, so as to make verj- little noise ; thence down through the woods towards Morehead City and Beaufort about three or four miles, then take off blankets, start the lights and music, set the whistle blow- ing and keep up the liveliest racket that could be imagined at forty miles an hour." " Wlaen they arrive, set up cheering, keep the bands playing — while one band re- mains in the city, let the other two board the train again, put out the lights and make a second slow still trip down the woods about four miles again, then light up, start the bands playing, no matter whether in tune or out of tune, so they make a loud racket, and as we hear them nearing the city the second time, let vis set up the biggest ' Fourth of July ' racket ever heard, keep the whistles tooting and have everyone yell to the extent of his lung capacit}' . ' ' The three Generals had no faith in the scheme — but Captain John A. Judson, the Assistant Adjutant General, said, "Good scheme; go ahead." He gave orders to Captain Norcross, the master of transpor- tation. Captain Wallace Iv. Crowell at the ship 3'ard, and others to do ever}thihg they could to execute Nason 's plans. At eight p.m. all was in readiness, and before nine p.m. , two pretended train loads of reinforcements such as thej' were, had arrived . The band kept up a roar of music such as it was, a barrel of whiskey kept the city lively and at daylight the next morn- ing the rebels who had been seen in con- siderable force at the west and north of the city and those opposite onNeuse River, had departed. The scheme worked entirely satisfactory. The three Generals were not taken pris- oners, the three million dollars of supplies were saved to the Government, Nason had the satisfaction of knowing his ' ' bluff ' ' game was a success, but the officers got the credit of saving the city. George Warren Nason was born at Franklin, Mass., January 11, 1834, and was united in marriage May 10, 1854, to Harriett A. Kilburn, at lyunenburg, Mass. He lost his wife on the sixth day of April, 1866, and since that date has lived a bachelor life. They had one son, Adelbert Merrill Nason, who was killed in 1874 by an elevator accident. He is a member of Franklin Post No. 60, Department of Massachusetts, Grand Army of the Republic, of which he was its first Commander ; he also was the first Com- mander of Heaton Post, No. 4, G-A-R., at New-Berne, N. C, in 1866. He is a mem- ber of the Sons of American Revolution, Massachusetts Division. He has been a Mason for more than fifty years, and is one of the oldest members of DeMolaj- Com- mandery. Knights Templars. At the Minute Men of '61 161 present time he occupies a prominent po- sition as Clerk in the Water Department, Boston, Mass., a position he has held for twelve years. He has been a Justice of the Peace and Notary Public for forty-nine years. In the Grand Army of the Repuljlic and in regimental as.sociations. Colonel Nason has been repeatedly honored. He is an Aide-de-Camp on the Staff of Commander- in-Chief, James Tanner, and, with few ex- ceptions in the last quarter of a century, has served former Commanders in like capacity. He has been a delegate repre- senting Massachusetts in National Encamp- ment a number of times, from the Atlantic to the Pacific Coast. He is Past President of the Massachusetts Fifth Regiment Vet- eran Association, the Twenty-Third Massa- chusetts Veteran Association, the Roan- oke Association, consisting of twenty-one regiments, the Minute Men of "61, Massa- chusetts Division, consisting of seven regi- ments and one battery of artillery. He also is a prominent member of the Grand Arm}' Club of Massachusetts, serving two years as its Adjutant. This Club repre- sents forty-six Posts of the G-A-R. For patriotic instruction in the puljlic schools he is an enthiisiastic champion and is constantly on the alert in this important branch in the education of the young. Always ready, financially or otherwise, to aid and assist auxiliary associations and every good cause. His brothers, William Emmons, Albert Davis, James Henry, also served in the Civil War. His brother, Jesse Ivconard, served as Clerk in the Quartermaster's Department, l>eing a civilian employee. These facts are furnished by comrades who served in the army with Colonel Nason, and who have been personally ac quainted with the circumstances for many vears, for preservation for the benefit of all who may be interested. Compiled from Official and Authentic Sources, by the Soldiers and Sailors His torical and Benevolent Society. In testimony whereof, I hereunto set my hand and cause to be affixed the seal of the Society. Done at Washington, D.C., this Twenty- fourth day of September, a.d., 1906. M. WalIvINCSFOrd, Historian. No. 140380. 162 Minute Men of '61 / ■ . • <«^ii ^i^^a^ |v in the field operations of this Regiment, and he was transferred with the rank of Lieutenant Colonel to the Veteran Rescue Corps and assigned to duty in the state of New Hampshire, to enforce the Draft, which duty was faithfnlh' performed. After this he served in various capacities, and at the close of the war was on the Rio trande. Colonel Wardwell was a most energetic and capable officer, and received many very complimentary notices from his superior officers. After the war he located in Arizona and held various local offices. Always foremost in line of im- provements. Died in 1903, and w^as con- sidered a great leader among progressive men. Capt. David K. Wardwell, Tombstone. Ari. Minute Men of '61 Co. F, 5th Mass. Brigr. Gen U. ,S. Vols. Colonel David K. Wardwell was born in Washington, D. C.,inl823. In 1846 he enlisted in Company F, First Massachu- setts Volunteers, and served as First Ser- geant through the Mexican war, under both Generals Taylor and Scott, and at the battles before the City of Mexico, was a member of the staff of Brigadier-General Franklin Pierce. At the close of this war he located in Boston and upon the first call of President Lincoln for troops, April 15, 1861, raised a volunteer company, which was assigned as Company F, Fifth Volun- teer Militia. He commanded this com- pany during the three months' campaign, and rendered conspicuous service at the first battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861. In August, 1861, he was appointed Cap- tain of Company B, Twenty-Second Massa- chusetts Volunteers, and served through the Peninsular campaign with marked efficiency. In August he was conmiis- sioned Lieutenant Colonel of the Thirty- Fighth Massachusetts Volunteers and accompanied that command to Louisiana. Ill health prevented him from taking part George Norton Minute Men of '61 Co. C. 5tli Massaclnisetts Regiment Served in United vStates Navy, in the "Pocahontas," "Kingston," "Prince- ton," " Mis.sissippi, " " State of Georgia," and Vermont . ' ' MlNUTK Mpv of '61 163 Alfred Haskell, Medford, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. E, 5th Mass. I^t. Co. F, Sth Regt. Mass. Vols Alfred Haskell. Medford. Muss. Minute Men of '61 Co. E. 5th Mass. I,t. Co. F, Sth Mass. Vols. Alfred Ha.skell, son of John Hardy and Sally Ann (Newton) Haskell, was born April 14, 1831. at Medford, Mass. He was a descendant of William Haskell, who came from England and settled at Cape Ann Side (now Beverly) before 1637 ; afterwards settling at Gloucester, Mass. His grandfather, Jeremiah Haskell, stood guard at the State Arsenal at Charlestown (now known as the Old Powder House in Somerville) during the war of 1812-1-1-, when the Massachusetts IVIilitia was called out to stippress a threatened invasion ; his great grandfather, Jeremiah Haskell, Jr., of Lancaster, Mass., was a Corporal in Captain Benjamin Hotighton's Company of X,ancaster Minute Men who marched on the alarm of April 19, 1775, to Cambridge, enlisted in the army and fought in the Battle of Bunker Hill as Third Sergeant in his brother Andrew's company ; his ances- tors were also in Colonial wars. Alfred Haskell in early life was a ship- wright ; he answered the President's first call for troops April 19, 1861, as a private in the Lawrence Light Guards of Medford Company E, Fifth Regiment. He fought in the first battle of Bull Run and led Cor- poral William J. Crocker, a wounded com- rade from the field ; he mustered out Julv 31, 1861. He also answered the nine months' call September 2i, 1862, and was the popular First Lieutenant of Company F"', Fifth M.V.M. He saw service in North Caro- lina ; camped at New-Berne and was in the battles of Little Washington, Whitehall, Kinston, Goldsboro, and Gum Swamp; mustered otit July 2, 1863. Upon his re- turn he rendered citizen service at the Charlestown Navy Yard until after the war. He carried on the provision business in Medford Square from 1873 to 1881. He was initiated into Mt. Hernion Lodge, A. F. and A. M., of Medford, March 11, 1859, and St. Johns Royal Arch Chapter F'ebruary 10, 1862, and East Boston Council of Roval and Select Masters vSepteml)er 19, 1862 ; also a charter member of INIystic Royal Arch Chapter and Medford Council, was a Past High Priest of the Chapter and Past Thrice Illustrious Master of the Cotmcil. He was a member of S. C. Lawrence Post 66, (j-A-R.. FVr the last twenty-two years of his life he was an efficient officer of the Medford Police and was past president of the Police Relief Association. Alfred Haskell died at his residence in INIedford, Mav 10, 1906. 164 Minute Men of '61 .■■^ r ; i./'^ (r* ^ 1 Benjamin Joseph Lorinc;. E^^t Braintree. Mas?. Minute Men of '61 Co. G. Fifth M.iss. 1st Mas.s. Eattery H. A. Born in Weynionth, Mass., April 27, 1842. He was educated in the public schools of Weymouth and Braintree, and has spent most of his life in those towns. On leaving school he w'as employed in transportation business and was engaged in this vocation when President L/incoln issued his call for troops April 15, 1861. He responded and enlisted in Company G, Fifth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Militia, and was with the Regiment in all its work of building Fort Ellsworth and other duties, was in the battle of Bull Run, July 21, and discharged with the Regiment July 31, 1861, and returned home. February 26, 1862, he re-enlisted in Company A, First Battalion Massachusetts Volunteer Heavy Artillery, and served Ihree years, being discharged Februar\- 27, 1865, as First Sergeant of his Company. After the war Mr. Ivoring was engaged for many years as Carpenter and Builder. In 1872 he was elected constable of Brain- tree, and has served continuously since that time. He was night officer for two years, and has also served as truant officer and a member of the Board of Fire En- ;gineers of Braintree. BENJ.A.MIN J. I.oRiNG, East Braintite. INIass. Minute Men of '61 5th Ma-.s, Rt-Kt.. 1st Battery Ma.ss. H. A. In 1888, he was appointed Special Agent of the Massachusetts Societ}- for the Pre- vention of Cruelty to Children, which posi- tion he still holds. In 1896 he was ap pointed a Justice of the Peace. In 1904 he was appointed a Special District Police Officer by Governor John L. Bates. He is a member of Reynolds Post 58 Ct-A-R of Weymouth, Rural Lodge F. and A. M., Otiincy, Pentalpha Chapter Royal Arch Masons, F. Weymouth, South Shore Com- mandery, K. T. Mayflower Chapter No. 65, O. E. S., Grand Army Club, Kirchi- luankin Tribe I. O. R. M., of wJiich he is Past Sachem, Minute Men of '61, repre- senting the Fifth Regiment as Vice Presi- dent in 1901 and 1902, Fifth Regiment Association and Company A, Heavj' Artil- lery Association, of which he has been Secretary and Treasurer since its organiza- tion twenty- four years ago. For several years Aide-de-Camp tipon staff of com- mander-in-chief and department of Massa- chttsetts Ct-A-R. Has served as Secretary and Treasurer of Company A, Association since its organization in 1886. In 1865, Mr. goring married Miss Carrie F. Ludden of Braintree, and has one daughter. Since his marriage he has made Braintree his home. Minute Men of '61 165 Comrade Frank A. Brown. Tast Adjt. Minute Men of '61 5tli Mass. Regt. and 47th Mass Regt. Born September 3, 1838. A member of Company K, Fifth Massachusetts, Colonel Samuel C. Ivawrence ; after reaching Wash- ington was assigned to duty of guarding the Treasury building and White House. The Regiment was assigned at provost guard in Alexandria. W^as at the engage- ment at Sangster's Station, July 18, and the battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861, where he narrowh^ escaped capture. He with others being nearly surrounded by the rebel pickets, forded the river and under cover of darkness and heavj' fire escaped . Afterwards appointed recruiting officer by Governor Andrew and Ma3'or Wightman of Boston, at the old State House where he assisted in raising several Companies of the Forty-Seventh Massa- chusetts, going out as First Sergeant of Company H, of that Regiment which was assigned to Baulss' expedition, .\ew Orleans, I^a. After arriving there he was detailed Postmaster of Second Brigade where he performed the duties of that office till disabled by .sun-stroke in 1878. He was one of the originators and with a few others organized the association of Mas.sa- chusetts Three Months' Volunteers, after- wards merged into the association of Mintite Men of '61, serving as its Secre- tary and Adjutant seven A-ears. A member of Post 35, G-A-R Chelsea, Mass., and ether fraternal organizations. He died March 17, 19U3, at Everett, Mass. ; the funeral was largely attended by the Minute Men of '61, Pest 35, G-A-R and kindred organizations. George O Brastow, Somerville, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Capt. Co. I, Fifth Mass. Maj. U S Vols. Major George O. Brastow was born in Wrentham, Mass., September 8, 1811. Died November 20, 1878. He was Captain of the Somerville Com- pany in the Fifth Massachusetts Voltinteer Militia during its three months' term, and was very popular throughout the whole Regiment by reason of his zeal and efficiency as an officer and the magnetism of his genial and kindly nature. He was commissioned as Paymaster with the rank of Major in 1862. He was twice elected Mayor of Somerville, and also served as member of the Legislature for several years, during two of which he was President of the Senate. 166 Minute Men of '61 Capt John Hutchins, Medford, Mass. Minute Men of '61 5th Mil s. 14. Col. 39th Regt. Mass. Vols. Colonel John Hutchins, of Medford, Mass., was at the outbreak of the war. Captain of Company E, Fifth Massachu- setts Volunteer Militia, and with his Company responded to the first call of President Lincoln fcr troops in April 1861. His Company was, perhaps, the equal of anv in the Re.^iinent for discipline, drill, and- all round eiticiency. He served, during the three months campaign, and at the first battle of Bull Run, in comir.on with the rest of the Regiment, sitcceede chess-men, papers, etc., but this was soon found to be impracticable, attracting too much curiosity and subversive to disci- pline. The prisoners captured at Bull Run gen- erally retained their watches, money or jewelry and in the following winter received at New Orleans a supplj- of under- clothing and coats sent from the North by the vSanitary Connnissiou and which were faithfully transmitted by the Confederate authorities. Most of the Federal prisoners reaching Richmond in the summer of 1861 were sent to New-Bern, N. C, from Salisbury, in May or June, 1862, and released on parole. The addresses of the four Minute Men surviving prisoners are: George T. Childs, ( Postmaster), St. Albans, Vt., James H. Griggs, Somerville, Mass., Frank L. Teb- bets, Ewing, N. H. William Carver Bates, 60 State Street, Boston. Minute Men of '61 16 Ed'ward S. Whekler, Lowell, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. G, 5th Mass. Co. G, 47th Regt. Mass. Vols. Edward S. Wheeler, one of the youngest Minute Men, was born at Concord, Mass., June 17, 1844. Enlisted April 19, in Com- pany G, Fifth Regiment, M.V.M. Taken prisoner of war at the first battle of Bull Run, July ?1, 1861, and held at Richmond, Va., New Orleans, I^a., and Salisbury, N. C, nearl}- eleven months. Re-enlisted in Company G, Fortj'-Seventh Regiment M.V.M. Stationed at and near New Orleans, I^a. Discharged September 1, 1863, by expiration of service. Hiram E. Wheeler, a Minute Man in Company E, Sixth_ Regiment, was a brother. Resi- dence '(1902) 43 Varney Street Ivowell, Mass. Nathan Marsh Edwards, Appleton, Wis. ( Minute Men of '61 ] Co. D, 5th Mass. Capt. 1st N. Y. Vol. Engineer R't. | Nathaniel Marsh Edwards, born at | Haverhill, Mass., July 5, 1837; graduated I at Union College in civil engineering in \ 1859. Responded to the first call, April j 16, 1861. Enrolled First New York Vol- i unteer Engineers, November 8, 1861; com- j missioned Second lyieutenant, October 10, j 1862; First Lieutenant, February 24, 1864; j Captain, January 12, 1865; First New York Volunteer Engineers (Serrell's), dis- ; charged July 19, 1865. Removed from ' Haverhill in 1866 to Wisconsin, to take charge of Green Bay and Mississippi canal as chief engineer and superintendent and since then followed civil and hydraulic engineering at Appleton, Wis. j 170 Minute Men of '61 Company K, Eleventh Regiment, and Captain Company C, First Regiment of that Corps. He commanded the "Regi- ment " of Convalescents (from the Hos- pitals of the District of Columbia) at Fort De Russy, which aided in driving back Early's right wing, July 12, 1S64. During his service he was promoted to Major and L/ieutenant-Colonel, but not mustered, as his Regiment was "below the minimum." Was brevetted Major of \'olunteers by President J^incoln, "for gallant and meritorious services during the War." In January, 1866, was appointed Assistant Inspector General of the Depart- ment of the Carolinas, under General D. K. vSickles. From April, 1866, to Febru- ary 1, 1869, commanded Western District of Korth Carolina, under Generals Wliit- tlesev, Ruger and Miles. H.'VNNiBAL D. Norton Minute Men of '61 Fifth Massachusetts Regiment Hannibal Davenport Norton was born November 9, 1838, at Addison, Washington County, Maine, but at the age of seven his parents removed to Boston, Mass. He was educated in the public schools of Boston and Charlestown. Upon reading the pro- clamation of Governor Andrew, on the morning of April 15, 1861, he dropped business at once and raced over to the Armory of Company D, Fifth I'egiment, M.V.M. ("Charlestown Artillery"), in which he held a commission as Lieutenant, and started an enlistment roll, to ascertain how many of the Company would respond to the first call of President Lincoln. He went with the Fifth Regiment to Washing- ton, via Annapolis, and participated in the first battle of Bull Run, where he was woitnded. He subsequently recruited , and was commissioned Captain of Company I, Thirty-Second Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers and commanded his Company in the following battles : second Bull Run, South Mountain, Antietam, and first Fredericksburg, being wounded in the two last-named. Was transferred to the Vet- eran Reserve Corps, and served as Captain John N. Brked. Somerville, Mass. Minute Men of '61 5th Mass. Sergt. 32d Mass. Vols. l,ost sight of eyes May 8, 1894 ; premature bias Iredell Co. (N. C.) Granite Quarry Minute Men of '61 171 Gborge W. Cross. Worcester, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. C. 5th Mass. Co. I, 32d Mass. Vols. George \V. Cross was born in Sebec, Me., August 6, 1840, the son of Oricli and Meliitable Anderson Cross. He passed his boyhood days in vSeljec tmtil he was sixteen 3-ears of age, when his mother then wid- owed, with family moved to Charlestown, Mass. He was employed at the old Oak Ha 1 clothing house and navy yard; then learning the trade of morocco dresser, at which he worked at the time lyincoln's call came for seventy-five thousand men. He at once left his work and tried to enlist but found the compan}- full and was told to wait and see if all reported; at the last moment he got a chance in Captain William R. Swan's Company C, Fifth Regiment. On April 19, 1861, he didn't even go home but marched to Faneuil Hall where thej- camped for the night, leaving for Washington the next morning. He was in the first battle of Bull Run. Discharged July 31, 1861. The war fever did not die out and July 28, 1862, he again enlisted in Compan)- I, Thirty-vSecond Regiment, M.V.I., in which he served until the close of the war, participating in the battles of the army of the Potomac; he was discharged May 29, 1865. He died December 27, 1906. He was a member of George Ward Post 10, G-A-R, also of the Minute Men Association. i ^ V.-^LENTINE W .\LLBT'K<;. Schenectadv. N. V. Minute Men of '61 Corp. Co. C, 5tli. Sg-t. Co. D, 5th Rgt. M.V.M 9 mos. Valentine Wallburg was born December 12, 1841, in Boston, Mass. Joined Charles- town Artil^ry, Fifth Regiment M.V.M. in spring of 1860. In answer to Governor Andrew's inquir}- in Januarv, 1861, he pledged himself to respond to any call that might come from the governor to suppress rebellion. Reported for duty April 15, 1861, at the Armory, Charles- town Cit}' Square, and owing to an acci- dent to Sergeant Davis which created a vacanc}' in the non-commissioned officers of the company he was appointed a Cor- poral in Faneuil Hall on April. 19, and served with the Regiment in Company C until the end of the term of service. En- listed again in August, 1862, as Fir.st Ser- geant, Company D, Fifth Regiment Infantry, Massachusetts Volunteers, and served until the Regiment was mustered out in June, 1863. Came home convales- cent from typhoid fever and was in poor health for over a year afterwards with chronic diarrhoea. Since the war worked as machinist and gun maker. From 1876 to 1878 instructor in Vise Work at the Institute of Technology in Bo.ston, and since 1883 has been employed as foreman by the Boston (xas Light Company-, the Thomson-Houston Electric Company of Lvnn, Mass., and the General Electric Company of Schenectady, N. Y. 172 Minute Men of '61 William T. Eustis, Dixfield, Me. Minute Men of 61 5th Mass. Adjt. 5th Mass. 9 nios. George Theodore Childs, born in Charlestown, Mass., September 7, 1842. Educated in the grammar and high schools of that city. Enlisted in Company K, Fifth Massachusetts Regiment, April 19, 1861; was captured at the first battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861; prisoner of war at Richmond, Va., New Orleans, La., and Salisbury, N. C; paroled in June, 1862; removed to St. Albans, Vt., in 1873; was private secretary to the president of the Central Vermont Railroad until 1892; edi- tor of the SL Albans Daily Messenger from January 1, 1892, until October 1, 1899; presidential elector and messenger in 1884; chief of staff to Governor Farnham in 1878; Judge Advocate General, 1880 to 1882; represented St. Albans in the Legis- lature in 1896. Was Commander of Abra- ham Lincoln Post No. 11, Department of Massachusetts; Commander of .A. R. Hul- btirt Post No. 60, Department of Vermont, one term, and Commander of the Depart- ment of Vermont, G-A-R., one term. George T. Guilds. St. Albans, Vt. Minute Men of '61 Co. K, 5th Mass. Vols. William T. Eustis was born in Rumford, Me., August 19, 1837. At the breaking out of the war was in Boston, in the hard- ware business with the late Benjamin Cal- lender. When President Lincoln's first call was made for seventy-five thousand men, without an hour's notice he left his citizen's dress in the store and put on a " loyal " uniform. Enlisting in Company I (afterward Company B), Somerville Light Infantry, Captain George O. Bras- tow. Notwithstanding he re-enlisted after his first term of service, he has alwaj-s looked upon the answer to that first call, as the most patriotic of them all, for he left a business paying him a handsome income to enlist as a private, because his country called. Minute Men of '61 175 Edward K. Davis Minute Men of '61 Co. K, 5th Mass. Sergt. Co. H, 19th Mass. Vols. Born in Haverhill, in 1819. His grand- father, William Davis, was a Minute Man in the Revolution as were his brothers Ebenezer and Charles. His mother's uncle. General Benjamin Moers, for gallant service at Fort Ticonderoga, was given a large tract of land in New York near Lake Champlain now known as Moers, the deed of which is still in the Davis family. As he was on the Police force of Charles- town, he could not get released in time to join the Sixth Regiment in which were many of his friends and relatives, but later on enlisted in the City Guards Fifth Regi- ment, Colonel Boyd commanding. He afterwards re-enlisted in Company H, Nineteenth Regiment. He died June 4, 1903, .six days before his eighty-fourth birthday. His sister, Mrs. Nancy Buswell (still living) made the first flag which left Haver- hill from silk and ribbons from her milli- ner}- store, in three days. It is now in the Post Hall in Haverhill. Edw^ard Kimball Davis, Maiden, Mass. Minute Men of '61 5th Mass. Regt. .Sergt. 19th Regt. Mass. Vols. Edward K. Davis, was born at Haverhill,. Mass., June 10, 1819. Enlisted at Presi- dent Lincoln's first call, April 15, 1861, in the Fifth M. V.M. , as private. Re-enlisted August, 1861, in the Nineteenth, as Ser- geant. His father, John Davis, of the same town, served in the Haverhill Light Infantry in the war of 1812, and after his discharge went as privateer. Was taken prisoner by Admiral Brock and carried to Halifax. His grandfather, William Davis, fought at Bunker Hill, and his great grandfather in the French and Indian war and in every Imttle of the Revolution in which Washing- ton was engaged. His maternal grand- father, Jonathan Moore, was also a soldier of the Revohition and brother of Major- General Moore, one of Washington's aids. 174 Minute Men of '61 Co, Edwin C. Bennett Minute Men of '61 I, 5th Massachusetts Regiment Edwin C. Bennett, was'born in Sonier- ville, Mass., Februarys, 1840. He was a private in Company I,[^Fifth Massachusetts Volunteer Militia in the three months' ser- vice. He joined the Twenty-Second Mas- sachusetts Volunteers September 16, 1861, as Sergeant, was promoted Second^Iyieu- tenant August 5, 1862, and?commissioned Captain, August 27, 1863. He was brevet- ted Ivieutenant-Colonel United States Vol- unteers, March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services. He was wounded at Fredericksburg, Va., Deceml^er 13, 1862, an ounce Vjall passing through the angle of his left jaw, lodging in his neck. On June 2, 1864, he was detailed Adjutant-General Second Brigade, First Division Fifth Corps, and remained at front on .staff duty until expiration of term October 3, following. On leaving Brigade he was presented with two letters of commendation signed by all the commissioned officers present of the Thirty-Second Massachusetts and One Hundred and Fifty-Fifth Pennsylvania Volunteers. Since the war he was for twelve jears Assistant Postmaster at St. lyouis. Mo., and for five years prior to return in 1897 to Somerville, manager of a mining company in New Mexico. Died February 27, 1904.' John Henry Eames, Marshfield Hills Minute Men of '61 Co. E, 5th Mass. Regt. John Henry Fames was born in Medford, Mass., December 16, 1834. He joined the Lawrence Light Guard of Medford of the Fifth Regiment, M.V.M., in 1859; was promoted Corporal and Sergeant; enlisted with his company under the first call for troops, April 15, 1861, as Company E of the Fifth Regiment, for its first three months' service; participated in the first battle of Bull Run, July 11; was mustered out July 31, 1861. Again enli.sted as Ser- geant in Lawrence Light Criiard Company C, Thirty-Ninth Massachusetts Volunteers, August 15, 1861, for three years, and served till close of the war; was promoted First Sergeant, Sergeant-Ma jor. Second and First Lieutenant, but on account of being confined a prisoner of war was never mustered as a commissioned officer; was captured bv the confederates at the battle of the We'ldon R. R., Va.., August 19, 1864, and was held a prisoner in Liljby pri.son. Bell Isle and Salisbury, N. C, till February' 24, 1865. Retm-ning home after his release, broken in health, and for many months totally blind. After more than four years of suffering being unal)le to engage in any occupation, his health had so far improved that in 1870 he was appointed Postmaster of Medford by Presi- dent U. S. Grant, and held that position till 1886. He now resides with his family at Marshfield Hills, Mass. Minute Men of '61 175 James H. Griggs, Past President Minute Mcu of '61 5th Mass. 33d Mass. and Capt. 37th Regt. U. S. V. James H. Griggs, was born in Dedham, Mass., in 1838. lu the early spring of 1856, he went west, living in various parts of Illinois until the latter part of 1857, when he drifted to the Mississippi river, and, for something more than two years was engaged in plain boating on that river, and its tributaries. Returning to Massa- chusetts in 1860, he settled in Reading, and on April 16, 1861, enlisted as private in Company B, Fifth Massachusetts Volun- teer Militia, participating with that com- mand in the first battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861, being severely wovnded and taken prisoner, and confined in Libby, Tusca- loosa and Salisbury until June 4, 1862. When released, he enlisted in Company D, Thirty-Third Massschusetts Volunteers as Sergeant and was discharged in March 1863, for disability from wounds. In De- cember 1863, re-entered the service in the Thirty-Seventh United States Colored Troops, serving with that command through the campaign of 1864, in front of Petersburg, in the Army of the James. Went with the expedition to Fort Fisher, M. C, on both attacks, and at the con- clusion of the war, was with Sherman at Raleigh, N. C. Is now a resident of Som- erville, Mass. Oscar Persons, Hudson, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. I, 5th Massachusetts Regiment Born in 1839, and lived at Woburn, Mass., when he responded with alacrity to the summons of the government to meet and repel the traitors. In April, 1861, the Company left their Armory, under an escort of nearly a thousand citizens, with a band of music, and marched to Boston, and were quartered with their Regiment in Faneuil Hall. Before leaving Massa- chusetts a Testament and a five dollar gold piece was presentrd every man of the Company. Mustered out, expiration of term of ser- vice, July 30, 1861. After close of war, he was interested in newspaper work and the last twenty years of his life was connected with "Hudson Enterprise," Hudson, Mass. Died, June 26, 1901. 176 Minute Men of '61 Capt. George I,incoln Prescott Minute Men of '61 5th Mass. Brevet Brig. Gen. U. .S Vols. Colonel Prescott was born in Littleton, Mass., May 21, 1829. Moved to Concord in 1833. When the war broke out he enlisted for three months and left Concord April 19, 1861, as First Ivieutenant, com- manding Company A, Fifth Regiment, M.V.M. (Concord Artillery). Kngaged in one battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861. On expiration of service he returned home and raised a new company which was attached to the First Battalion Infan- try, Massachusetts Volunteers, and later became the nucleus of the Third Regi^ ment. He commanded the convalescent camp at Alexandria, Va., during the fall of 1862. After the battle of Fredericksburg he was commissioned Colonel. Then came Gettysburg and the long hard Wilderness Campaign. On June 16, 1864, they car- ried the James River and marched to within three miles of Petersburg, Va. On June 18, 1864, Colonel Prescott fell mortalh' wounded, as the Third Regiment charged the rebel earthworks, driving the enemy back across an open field over the Norfo'lk railroad. Died June 19, 1864, at Petersburg, Va. William N. Tyler, Wakefield, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. B, 5th, Co. E, 50th Mass. Ser. Mj.Sth Rgt.M.V.M. William N. Taylor was born at Andover, Mass., December 7, 1834. Parents moved to South Reading, now Wakefield, in 1840. Educated in the public schools of South Reading. First enlisted in April, 1861, in Company B, Fifth Regiment, Massachu- setts Volunteer Minute Men; first engage- ment, first battle of Ftdl Run. Mustered out July 31, 1861. Second enlistment. Corporal Compan}' F, Fiftieth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers. Mustered in September 19, 1862; second engagement, siege of Port Hudson. Mustered out August 24, 1863. Third enlistment, Ser- geant of Company F, Fighth Regiment, M.V.M., July 17, 1864; promoted to Ser- geant-Major August 1, 1864, stationed at Baltimore, Md. Mustered out Novembe^ 10, 1864. MiNUTK Mrx of '61 177 Warren A. Bird Minute Men of '61 Co. I. 5th Mass Vol. Regt. Warren A. Bird, Company I, Fifth Mas.sachusetts Regiment, son of Charles and Caroline Frost Bird, was born in Cambridge, Mass., Oct. 14, 1S37, and died .Sept. 9, 1907, at Natick, Mass. He was edu- cated in the public schools of Sonierville and Natick. At the age of nine he went to Natick to live, where he continued to reside until his death. He was married twice. In 1862 to Elmira A. Sleeper, and in.lS90 to Mary E. Kingsbury, his widow and one daughter by his first wife surviv- ing him (Mrs. Homer H. Fiske.) He enlisted from -Somerville. as many compan- ions of his early life lived there, and he desired to be with them. After his return from .service, he took up his residence in Natick. where he enga,ged in shoe manufacturing for a time, until 1S69 when his father, who was in the Wood and Coal business died, and succeeding him in the Jjusiness which he conducted successfully to the time of his death. He had served three years as a member of the Legislature. Also three years on the Board of .Selectmen, with great credit and honor, as he always was deeply interested in everything that made for the betterment of the Town. He was a member of General Wadsworth, Po.st 63, G-A-R. He was a member of Meridian I,odge, A. F. & A. M., Parker Roj-al Arch Chapter, Natick Com- mandery. In his death the town of Natick lost one of its most esteemed citizens, whose memory will continue to exert a good influence for many years. 178 Minute Men of '61 Joseph Moulton, Winchester, Ma s. Minute Men of '61 5th Mass. Sergt. Co. H, 5th Mass. 9mos. CiiARLKS H. Abbott (deceased) Minute Men of '61 Co. K, 5th Mass. Regt. Re-enlisted Co. B, 5th U. S. A. John Pollock, vSalem, Mass. Minute Men of '61 5th Mass. Regt. Col. 40th Mass. Inft. William F. Alden, Cambridge, Mass. Minute Men of '61 :o. E, 5th Mass. Co. C, 39th Mass. Regt. Minute Men of '61 179' Oliver S. Adams, L,ynn, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. B, 5th Mass. Bugler Co. B, Ist'R. I. Cav. Oeorge H. Wiley, Boston, Mass. Minute Men of '61 I,t. Co. H. 5th Mass. Lt. Co. A, 39th Mass. Vols, Charles Kilburx, Lunenburg, Mass. (deceased) Royal .S. Carr, Winchester, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Minute Men of '61 5th Mass. Sergt. 23d Mass. Regt. Co. E- 5th Mass. Co. C, 39th Mass. & ISth U. S. Vols. 180 Minute Men of '61 GnoRGE F. Buxton, F.verett, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. A, .5th Mass. Q. M. Sergt. 2d Mass. H. A. Jo.SEPH YouNC, Sonierville, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. I, 5th Rest. Mass. Vols. vStephfn ?1. D.-wiv, \\ est Somen-ille, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. D, 5tli 'Mas,'^.. al-To l:th Maine Vols. John E. Tidd, Woburn. Mass. (deceased) Minute Men of '61 5th Mass. Regt. Capt. 32d Regt. Mass. Vols. Minute Men of '61 181 John A. Sumner, Peabody. Mass. Minute Men of '61 Corp. Co. H, 5th Mass. Rest. CcRP. Charles H. Bailev Minute Men of '61 Cc C, 5th Mass. Vol. Corp, on the Colors WILLI.4M E. ROBIN.SON, (decea.sed) Minute Men of '61 1st Lt. Co. I, 5th Mass. Regt. Freeman A. I^oring, Medford, Mass. (deceased^ Minute Men of '61 Fifth Massachusetts Regiment 182 Minute Men of '61 William F. Gpav. Mcrrr n Cit\ , I^a. Minute Men of '61 5th Mas'-. Rest.. 2-Il)i isii..',-. Wl.-. Isl U. S. C. Cav. Kdward W. Rr.YNOLDS, Concord, Mass Minute Men of '61 Co. 5th Mass. 59th Regt. Mass. Vols. Samuel W. Tuck. Mancliester, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. F, 5th Mass. & Lt. 22d Ma.ss. (deceased) Elk.^nah Crosby. Sonierville, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. I, 5th Mass. Co. E, 29th Regt. Mass. Vols. Minute Men of '61 183 Enoch J. Clark, Charlestown, Mass. (deceased) Minute Men of '61 Corp. Co. K, 5tli Mass. Regt. .SSEPHEN H. Reynolds. Hyde Park, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. G, 5th Mass. Regt. 1st Mass. I.ight Battery Henry H. D. Cushing, Medford, Mass. Minute Men of '61 5th Mass. Sergt. Co. C, 39th Regt. Mass. Vols. Mendell S. Webber, Salem, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. A, 5th Mass. Regt. 184 William F. Sumner, Peabody, Mass. Minute Men of '61 X,t. Co. H, 5th Mass. Regt. Jeremiah Dalton. Braintree. Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. G, 5th Massachusetts Regiment William H. Gardner, Salem, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. A, Fifth Massachusetts Regiment George F. Whitcomb (killed Oct. 19, 1864) Minute Men of '61 Co. 5th Regt. M.V.M. Capt. 3Uth Regt. Mass. Vol. Minute Men of '61 185 Edwin F. Wyer, Wobiirn, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. I, 5th Massachusetts Regiment Charle.s D. W. lane Maiden, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. K, 5th Mass. RcRt. George D. Hooker, Medford, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. E, 5th Mass. Sergt. Co. C, 39th Regt. M.V.M. Joseph E. Wiley, Stoneliani, Mas.s. Minute Men of '61 Co. B, 5th Mass. Sergt. Co. I„ 1st H. A. 186 Minute Men of '61 Melvillk U. Jones, Somer\ille Alls', Miinite Men ot 61 Co. C. 5th Massachusetts Regimetit lyOUIS J. Shepard Minute Men of '61 Fifth Massachusetts Regiment James R. Hopkins. Sonierville, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. I, 5th Mass. Regt. \ •>. t-^m .;r « THE BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES ACCOMPANINYG THE INDIVIDUAL PICTURES, WITH FEW EXCEPTIONS, HAVE BEEN FURNISHED BY THE PERSONS THEMSELVES. Sixth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 By John H. Norton, Company I. In the history of the greatest, as well as most groundless rebellion, that ever convulsed the earth, the part performed by the Sixth Regiment of Massachusetts Volunteers will always occupy an hon- orable place; for it was fortunate enough to furnish the first hero-martyrs to lay down their lives for their coun- try, and to stand at the head of the long, bright roll inscribed with the names of the brave men who have sealed their patriotism with their blood, during the tremendous civil strife of 1861-5. This honor should not, however, be ascribed to its mere good fortune, for it was an exalted, patriotic zeal and fervor that impelled it to be first, rather than any stroke of luck, that placed the name of the regiment on so bright a page of its country's history. Many of its members had long cher- ished the military spirit, and that, too. at a time when that spirit was nearly dead in Massachusetts, and some of the company organizations were among the earliest formed in the State, and had for years been the propagating nurser- ies of that patriotism which rallied to the defence of constitutional liberty and law, when they were assailed by traitors. It was the drill in quiet times, the holi- day show which evoked the derision of the philanthropist, and the opposition of the advocate of peace; the parade and muster, on which too many looked as the mere entertainment of a day, of no practical utility; it was this that pre- pared, and had in readiness, the men and the arms, and the needed skill, when the occasion called for their use in the stern work of actual service. At such a time — when the military spirit had nearly died out in the State; when the militia of Massachusetts was about obsolete, and the soldier in uni- form was looked upon by thousands as a mere popinjay, half fuss and half feathers, — one far-seeing man, in whose prophetic mind the events of the near and fast-approaching future had begun to shape themselves, commenced to re- vive the State military; and by his in- fluence as chief executive, and also through the Legislature and the people, he resurrected the militia system, and gave it new vitality and force. And it is largely to the influence of Governor N. P. Banks that we owe the re-organiza- Franklin Print SEVEN Deshon 26 tion and efficiency of that system that was in comparative readiness, when the great occasion called for it, to stand be- tween the government and treason, — the country and its enemies. As will be seen in the course of the following pages, the regiment whose his- tory is here chronicled occupies its dis- tinguished position because it had given heed to the injunction of the Father of his Country and in time of peace, had prepared for war. It was owing to the cultivation of the military spirit through the previous years, that it was ready when the great emergency came. THE FIRST BLOW STRUCK. The latent treason that had been rip- ening its poisoif for forty years in the southern portion of the Republic, on the election of Abraham Lincoln to the Presidency of tiie United States pro- ceeded to avert rebellion. It was con- fined to resolutions and words, until April 12, 1861, when it assaulted the 190 Minute Men oe '61 flag of the country. The telegraph flashed the tidings as soon as the act was perpetrated; so that on the same day that the guns of South Carolina were turned on the gallant garrison in Fort Sumter, they found echoes in twenty million loyal hearts. The anx- iety and excitement that everywhere prevailed were terrible. A handful of soldiers had been forced to surrender to thousands of traitors, and the entire people were resolved to punish the per- petrators to the bitter end. Civil war was inaugurated, and the President called for a special session of Congress, and for seventy-five thousand men to "rally round the flag," and rush to the defence of their country and government. The response was magnificent. The plough, the loom, the ledger, the bar, the pulpit, all the vocations of ordinary life, were abandoned, and men of all conditions and circumstances flew to arms, and gave their cheerful response to the call of the nation's Chief Magistrate. First to offer its services; first to reach its State's capital; first to reach the nation's capital; first to inflict suf- fering on traitors; first to attest its sin- cerity with its blood, — was the Sixth Massachusetts Regiment of Volunteer Militia. PRELIMINARY STEPS. "When it seemed probable to far-seeing men that there would be trouble with the refractory spirits in the South, and while the most of people did not fore- see the coming storm, a meeting was called at the suggestion of Major-Gen- eral B. F. Butler, of the officers of the regiment, to arrange for future contin- gencies. It was held in the American House, Lowell, Jan. 21, 1861. At that meeting. Major B. F. Watson presented a resolution, pledging the services of the regiment to the Government, and the proposition received the unanimous sup- port of the officers. It was carried to Boston by General Butler, who was then in the Massachusetts Senate, and was by him read in the Legislature. The reso- lution reads as follows: Resolved, That Colonel Jones be au- thorized and requested, forthwith, to tender the services of the Sixth Regi- ment to the Commander-in-Chief and Legislature, when such service may be- come desirable, for the purpose contem- plated in General Order No. 4. This Avas probably the first act of the volunteer militia of the country to meet the approaching strife. The readiness of the regiment to meet the danger thrust upon the nation is largely, perhaps entirely, due to General Butler's sagacity. When the time comes to write the his- tory of the war his name will fill a space second to that occupied by but few others. In devotedness to his coun- try, in fertility of resources to over- come new and trying emergencies, in complete success where most would have failed. General Butler had no superior, if he had an equal. RESPONSE TO THE CALL. When at length the call came, tele- grams and couriers flew to all parts of the command, notifying the members of the regiment; some of the officers — • Colonel Jones among them — riding all night on their patriotic errands. The "Middlesex villages and farms" then heard the pounding of hoofs and the alarm cry of danger, as in the olden time they had listened to the midnight ride of Paul Revere. The official call came April 1.5th, as follows: Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Adjutant General's Office, Boston, April 15, 1861. Colonel Jones, Sir: — I am directed by His Excellency, the Commander-in-Chief, to order you to muster your regiment on Boston Com- mon, forthv.'ith, in compliance with a requisition made by the President of the United States. The troops are to go to Washington. By order of His Excellency, the Com- mander-in-Chief. WM. SCHOULER, Ad j utant-General. Minute Men of '61 191 The members of the regiment, when its numbers were fully made up, were scattered over four counties, Middlesex, Essex, Suffolk and Worcester, and in more than thirty towns, and yet, with but a few hours' notice, the bulk of them mustered early on the morning of the 16th and the rest within a few hours after, making in all about seven hun- dred men and officers, ready at this first call to don the armor of actual war. PARTING CEREMONIES. The Groton, Acton and Lawrence companies received most enthusiastic farewells, the several communities be- ing roused to the intensest pitch of ex- citement and, bidding good-by to their friends, the men hastened to the ren- dezvous in Lowell, where, with the four Lowell companies, they made up the original Sixth. Lawrence manifested its patriotism in manifold ways. On the departure of the two Lawrence companies, the city gov- ernment made an appropriation of five thousand dollars- toward the assistance of the members, and the. comfort of their families; spontaneous mass meet- ings were held, attended by the people, and addressed by the clergy and the principal citizens; and resolutions were passed, approving the action of the city government and pledging the entire re- sources of the city in aid of the war. The first meeting held after the fall of Sumter was organized by the choice of Hon. Artemus Harmon, president; Dr. S. Sargent, Hon. Albert Warren, Hon. Daniel Saunders. Jr., Major B. F. Wat- son, Levi P. Wright, John C. Hoadley, N. W. Harmon, George S. Merrill, George W. Hills and Lamson Rice, vice presidents; and E. T. Colby and John K. Tarbox, secretaries. The spirit that an- i imated the people was one that will ever 1 honor the city in the minds of all who I hereafter shall read that page in her i history. As the companies left for Lowell the I enthusiasm of tlie people knew no bounds. The day was cold and dismal; rain and sleet were falling, but the mul- titude of the population attended the companies to the cars; and at the sta- tion the largest crowd ever seen in the city bade them God-speed with tears and prayers. When the regiment had assembled in Huntington Hall, Rev. Amos Blanchard, D.D., read the Eightieth Psalm, after which addresses of a patriotic charac- Franklin Pring EIGHT ter were made by the Major, Hon. B. C. Sargent, A. R. Brown, T. H. Sweetzer, Captain Peter Haggerty, Hon. Linus Child, Colonel G. F. Sawtell and Hon. Tappan Wentworth. All party divis- ions and distinctions were abandoned, and those who, during subsequent stages of the struggle, endeavored to embarrass the government, were prompt to urge the citizen soldiery to rally to the capital. Future generations will find it difficult to imagine the excitement that pervad- ed all classes and conditions of this por- tion of the people of the old Bay State. The fires that burned at Concord and Lexington in the days of '76 had only been smouldering, and they fiashed with all their old-time brightness at the first demonstration of armed rebellion. After the eight companies had been addressed by Hon.-B. C. Sargent, Mayor of Lowell, and as they were departing, the entire population of that busy city thronged after them. Never did that city know a sensation more profound. Men in all positions encouraged those who went. Money was contributed by the wealthy; professional men proffered their services gratuitously, and the sol- diers and their families became objects of the tender regard of all. Mayor Sar- gent, on his own authority, assured the soldiers ere they departed that they and their families should be cared for by the city; and the city government promptly responded by unanimously voting eight thousand dollars to be used for that purpose by a joint committee. 192 Minute Men of '61 Sacrifices were made by men and offi- cers, such as might, before the fact, have been deemed impossible. Not only like their revolutionary ancestry, did they leave the plough in the furrow, but business and professional men, without a moment's nesitation, abandoned every prospect and engagement. Many in- stances might be given. Major Watson had but two hours' notice, but he locked the door of his law office, leaving a large docket to look out for itself, and most important business inteiests, and for four months saw and knew nothing of them. Nor was he alone. Lucrative positions, profitable professional pur- suits of the most important character, were counted as nothing and were aban- doned as cheerfully and with as noble a spirit as men ever carried into their country's defence. In the uniforms of privates stood many qualified to gi-ace any nation in life, the peers of any in high official position, who had forsaken places of great emolument for a soldier's poor remuneration. In Boston excited thousands escorted them to Faneuil and Boyiston halls anil on the next day to the State House, where they exchanged their old mus- kets for the modern rifle, and where they were addressed by Governor An- drew in language glowing with patriotic fervor and full of faith in their efforts to sustain the government. He then presented the regimental colors to Col- onel Jones. On presenting the flag Governor An- drew said: Soldiers, summoned suddenly, with but a moment for preparation, we have done all that lay in the power of men to do — all that rested in the power of your state government to do — to prepare the citizen soldiers of Massachusetts for this service. We shall follow you with our benedictions, our benefactions, and prayers. Those whom you leave behind you we shall cherish in our heart of hearts. You carry with you our utmost faith and confidence. We know that you never will return until you can bring the assurances that the utmost duty has been performed, which brave and patri- otic men can accomplish. This flag, sir, take and bear with you. It will be au emblem on which all eyes will i-est, re- minding you always of that which you are bound to hold most dear. In reply. Col. Jones said: Your Excellency, you have given to me this flag, which is the emblem of all that stands before you. It repre- sents my whole command; and so help me God, I will never disgrace it! Before leaving the city the youthful daughter of the colonel, Lizzie Clawson Jones, was adopted as Daughter of the Regiment. During the day the companies from Worcester, Stoneham and Boston joined the Regiment, belonging to other Regi- ments in the organization of the state militia, they were detached from their own organizations for this purpose and, at seven in the evening, they took up their line of march for the Worcester depot, where the cars were taken for Washington. Along the route the firing of cannon, ringing of bells, shouts of people and all possible demonstrations of applause were heard; at Worcester the military, fire department and thou- sands of people lined the track as the train passed along. In New York the streets were literally packed with sol- diers and people to honor them. At noon, the 18th, they left the city via Jersey City, at which place and all through New Jersey similar crowds at- tended them, making their entire jour- ney one grand ovation, -such as no reg- iment ever before received. At Phil- adelphia, beyond all other places, their reception was enthusiastic. So dense were the crowds that the Regiment could only move through the streets by the flank. The officers were sumptu- ously entertained at the Continental Ho- tel, and the soldiers were quartered at the Girard House, then new, and entire- ly empty and unfurnished. Worn out with the fatigue and excitement of two days, they were glad to spread their blankets for the soldier's great bless- ing — sleep. i Minute Men of '61 193 FIRST NOTE OF ALARM. The Regiment had scarcely retired to rest in Philadelphia, when the long roll sounded, and they were obliged to turn out, leaving Philadelphia at one o'clock a.m., April 19, to write the first bloody liue in the history of the sanguinary war, the opening scenes of which were distinguished by some of those singular coincidences that have been numerous in* its progress. If it had been in the power of the government, for dramatic and patriotic effect, to arrange the pro- gram in the best possible manner, could any other day have been so propitious for treason to strike down its first victims, as the anniversary of the day, on which was "fired the shot heard round the world," at Lexington, April 19, 1775? And is it not remarkable, that some of the descendants of the very men who then shed their blood in the beginning of the first great War for Independence, should have been the first to fall in the last, and that, too, on the same immortal day? The nineteenth of April hereafter will unite Lexington and Baltimore on the page of American his- tory; for each began a long and bloody war, and Middlesex County was repre- sented in both conflicts. REGIMENTAL DRESS. The regimental dress at this time was far from uniform. Each company was literally an independent one in apparel. Company A had changed its name to the National Greys, and its uniforms were being made, but they were unfinished, and the men left for Washington with blue frocks and black pantaloons, tall round caps, and white pompoms. Com- pany B wore the United States regula- tion uniform; that is, dark blue frocks, and light blue trousers. Company C wore gray dress coats, caps, and panta- loons, and yellow trimmings. Company D, the same as C, with buff trimmings. Companies E and P were dressed like B, and Company G wore blue dress coats; Company H, gray throughout; Company I, caps, and dark blue frocks and red pants, in the French style. Company K wore graj', and Company L was dressed in blue. At the instance of General Butler, Governor Andrew provided all with ex- cellent gray overcoats, so that quite an appearance of uniformity was preserved. Before coming home, however, they were furnished with a sort of Zouave suit, consisting of gray voltigeur jack- ets, single-breasted, with full trousers, and fez caps with dark tassels for fa- tigue, and gray hats turned up at the side, with red trimmings, for dress. Some of the boys thought there was a march of two or three hours inside their trousers' legs. The officers wore the Massachusetts State uniform, dark blue frocks, light blue trousers, with broad white stripes on the side. The adoption of gray by the rebels, gradually induced our soldiers to wear the old national color, blue, until it was compelled to do so by army regulations. DANGER AHEAD! While the soldiers were seeking re- pose, Colonel Jones had a conference with Brigadier-General P. S. Davis of the First Brigade, Massachusetts Mili- tia (afterwards colonel of the Thirty- ninth Massachusetts, killed at Peters- burg, July 11, 1864), who had been sent forward by Governor Andrew to arrange subsistence and transportation, and who had heard the most exciting rumors and threats from Baltimore. General Davis related them to Colonel Jones, and also the opinions of prominent Phil- adelphians, as well as his own. that there would be a stormy time of it when the Regiment should reach the Monumental City, and he declined to take the responsibility of ordering the Regiment either to go on, or to wait further information. Colonel Jones' reply was. "My orders are to reach Washington at the earliest possible mo- ment, and I shall go on." General Da- vis, extending his hand, replied. "Colo- nel, if you go on, I shall go with you." The only fear Colonel Jones expressed, 194 Minute Men oe '61 in continuing the conference was, that the train might be destroyed by an ob- struction on the track, or by tlie destruc- tion of a bridge, causing a wholesale slaughter, for which the friends of the Regiment would hold him responsible; but he added, "My orders are peremp- tory and, whatever may be the conse- quences, I must proceed." These officers then went to the depot of the Philadelphia & Baltimore Rail- road, and had an interview with Hon. S. M. Felton, President of the road, and ar- ranged that he should despatch a pilot engine in advance of the train, and take every precaution to avoid a casualty. Then the Regiment was aroused, and all possible care taken in embarking the men, so that, if called upon to debark suddenly, they would be in regimental line. The car containing the field and staff was at the head of the train. At Havre-de-Grace, the cars were not run off the ferry-boat in the order in which they went on, and the train for the rest of the way, of course, did not convey the Regiment in its proper order. This derangement, as will be seen subse- quently, changed the fate of men, con- ferring the laurel crown of martyrdom on those who otherwise would have lost that distinguished honor. "Man pro- poses; God disposes." Company K, Captain Sampson, was to have had the left, and thus with Major "Watson, would have had the post of honor, but for the derangement at Havre-de-Grace, which misplaced the companies, so that on their arrival in Baltimore, Company D occupied the po- sition of Company K and Company I, which belonged on the right, was trans- ferred to the left. Thus the projected program was broken up, so that, on a sudden call, confusion would be sure to ensue. This derangement does not seem to have been observed; for, on debark- ing. Major Watson took his position with Company K, supposing he was with the extreme left of the battalion. ARRIVAL IN BALTIMORE. At every station communication was had with the railroad officials in Balti- more, and constant assurance was re- ceived that there would l)e no trouble unless the Regiment provoked it. Or- ders were, therefore, given to the band to confine their music to tunes that would not be likely to give offence, es- pecially avoiding the popular air, "Dixie." Quartermaster Munroe dis- tributed twenty rounds of ball car- tridges, and Colonel Jones went through the cars, issuing an order that the Regi- ment should march across Baltimore in column of sections. The Regiment here loaded and capped their rifles. As soon as the cars reached the station the en- gine was unshackled, horses were hitched to the cars, and they were drawn rapidly away. Colonel Jones was unacquainted with this practice of draw- ing the cars across the city by* horses, and supposed that they had not yet reached the Baltimore station, but that when it was reached his march would commence. He had not the remotest idea that the cars were thus to be drawn across the city, or he would have compelled them to stop, and have car- ried out his program. The railroad authorities had not consulted him, but made unusual haste in order to get across at that early hour, before the mob would be ready to do violence, for the Regiment was not expected until about noon. At that time there was no crowd in the streets, and 'the whole ap- pearance of the city was unusually quiet. The early arrival of the Regi- quiet, at about ten o'clock a. m., evi- dently took the people by surprise. Of course under these circumstances the program could not be changed and the cars rapidly followed each other, all but one arriving without particular incident. THE ATTACK. Some slight demonstrations were made on one or tM^o of the cars contain- Minute Men of '61 195 ing the Fifth and Sixth Companies, but nothing like an attack was made until the seventh car started. Major Watson, as he had been ordered, just before reaching Baltimore, repaired to the left. Company K, Captain Samp- son, to see the rear of the battalion across the city. He took his position, and as he was about ordering those in the car, some fifty guns to debark, standing on the ground himself for that purpose, the cars in advance were set in motion, and whisked away as if by magic across the city, and in a moment his own car started, w^hich he thought was the last one, containing as it did the left of the Regiment. He, of course, could only spring aboard and follow the rest of the Regiment. It was no sooner started, than it was attacked by clubs, paving-stones and other missiles. The men were verv anxious to fire on their assailants, but Major Watson forbade them, until they should be attacked by fire-arms One or tw^o soldiers were wounded by paving-stones and bricks, and at length one man's tliumb was shot, when holding the wounded hand up to the major, he asked leave to fire in return. Orders were then given to lie on the bottom of the car and load, and rising, to fire from the windows at will. These orders were promptly obeyed. In the passage across the city, the car was three times thrown from the track. Major Watson each time getting out, and compelling the driver to assist in removing ol:)structions. and getting in motion again. Referring to the roster of Company K, the reader will see the names of the first men who were wounded in this car, four in number. Moving with as much rapidity as possible, and receiving an occasional musket or pistol shot, or a shower of rocks and bricks, the car reached the man body of the Regiment, when all were surprised to learn that the change of cars at the ferry had left a portion of the Regiment still behind. Here they halted until the four com- panies arrived from their perilous march across the city. By the time the rear car had arrived, an immense and increasing crowd had .gathered. The police were present in force, and requested Colonel Jones to or- der the blinds of the cars drawn, and the Regiment to avoid any movement to exciie the mob. The cars ceased arriv- ing, and Wm. P. Smith, superintendent of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, in- formed the commander that the track was so obstructed across the city that the four companies still behind could not be drawn across; but he said, 'Tf you will send an order for them to march across, I will deliver it." He passed Colonel .Jones a railroad blank, on the back of which he wrote in pen- cil, "To the officer in command of de- tachment of Sixth Massachusetts Regi- ment: — You will march to this place as quickly as possible: follow the r-^ilroad track." This order was never delivered. In a few minutes, Hon. Thomas Garrett, President of the Baltimore & Ohio Rail- road, came to Colonel Jones, saying, "Your soldiers are firing upon the peo- ple in the streets." "Then," said the commander, "they have been fired upon first." '-'No, they have not," was the re- sponse. Colonel Jones returned, "My men are disciplined; my orders were strict, and I believe they have been implicitly obeyed." Events proved him correct. THE MARCH THROUGH BALTIMORE. Meanwhile, the remaining four com- panies found that the rails were so torn up and the streets so barricaded that the cars could not go on, and they debarked, and formed to march on foot; the mob, which had been accumulating until it must have reaciied many thou.^ands. fill- ing the streets as far as the eye could see. Captain Follansbee. at tlie desire of the other officers, and agreeably to his own wishes, took the command. There were but about two hundred and twenty 196 Minute Men of '61 in the column, and the mob soon reached ten thousand at least. The air was filled ■with yells, oaths, taunts, all sorts of missiles, and soon pistol and musket shots, and Captain Follansbee gave the order to fire at will. But few of the crowd were on the front of the column, but they pressed on the flank and rear more and more furiously. At one of the bridges in Pratt street, a formidable barricade with cannon to sweep the streets, not quite ready for service, had been arranged. Here the mob supposed that the column would be obliged to lialt, but Captain Follansbee ordered his command to scale the barricade. Before the ruffians could follow over the bridge, •or run around to intercept them, the sol- diers had succeeded in getting quite a ■distance up Pratt street. Had they been compelled to halt at the bridge, it is probable that the small detachment would have been annihilated, for arms were multiplying among their assail- ants, and they were becoming more fu- rious every moment. Cheers for Jeft Davis and for South Carolina, and the ■South, — all sorts of insulting language, such as "Dig your graves!" "You can pray, but you can't fight!" and the like, were heard; but the little battalion went steadily ahead with no thought of turn- ing back. As the gallant detachment passed along Pratt street, pistols and guns were fired at them, from the windows and doors of stores and houses, and our boys, getting a little accustomed to the strange circumstances in which they were placed, loaded their guns as they marched, dragging them between their feet and, whenever they saw a hostile demonstration, they took as good aim as they could and fired. There was no pla- toon firing whatever. At one place, at an upper window, a man was in the act of firing, v/hen a rifle ball suggested to him the propriety of desisting, and he came headlong to the sidewalk. And thus the men, whose rare good fortune it was to contribute the first installment of blood to pay the price of our redemp- tion hurried along their way. They were hampered by their orders to fire as little as possible; they were anxious to get to the capital, even then sup- posed to be in danger; they were sep- arated from the larger part of the regi- ment, and knew not where their com- rades were, and thus assaulted on each side, and by all sorts of weapons and missiles, they kept on their way, load- ing and firing at will, marching the en- tire distance, a mile and a half, bearing several of their wounded with them, and reaching the station, joined the rest of the Regiment. When the four companies reached the rest of the command at the "Washington depot, an immense crowd surrounded them, and rushing towards the car win- dows, they brandished revolvers, knives, clubs and other weapons, in angry fury, and with fearful shouts and yells and curses, the police not having — and many of them not caring to have — any power to stay the tumult. The column proceeded in the follow- ing order: Company C at the head, I next, then L, and D last. The colors were with the platoon under command of Lieutenant Lynde, of Company L. After having marched about two squares, the order to double-quick was given, and the rear of the column, some- what separated from the head, was more and more fiercely assaUed, and Compan- ies L and D were mingled together. Captain Dyke was wounded and left behind, and being too far in the rear to see his superior officer. Lieutenant Lynde, in the exercise of his discretion, gave the order to fire on the mob. His orders were to escort the band across the city; but being unarmed, they refused to leave the station, and he left without them, keeping near the gallant bearer of the flag till the cars were reached, when tearing it from the staff, which could not conveniently be got into the cars, it was carried in safe- ty to Washington, and now hangs in the State House in Botson. In a private communication to me Col- Minute Men of '61 197 onel Jones says: "Captain Follansbee proved himself worthy of the confidence which I had always placed in him, and never after while under my command did he do ought to sacrifice one particle of the esteem and respect I entertained for him." It was rare good fortune that gave Captain Follansbee this opportu- nity, to which he was fully equal. There were other officers In the regiment who would have given the best ten years of their lives to have had the same priv- ilege. " FOR WASHINGTON. Arrived at the station, the officers and men were severely tried. They burned to avenge the wounds and death of their comrades, and were exasperat- ed to the utmost; but the orders to has- ten to Washington were strict and im- perative, and the city authorities were urging the departure of the regiment; the mob meanwhile becoming more and more furious. The president of the road said, "For God's sake. Colonel, do give orders to start the train, or you will never get out of the city for they are already tearing up the track." Knowing the temper of his officers. Colonel Jones dared not consult them, fearing that their voice would be, under such circum- stances, to stay and fight it out on that line, notwithstanding orders. Reluc- tantly tJie command was given to start, the railroad authorities doing all in their power to assist, by putting tools and workmen on board with them, who would remove obstructions and repair the road as the train went slowly on. In refutation of aspersions freely in- dulged in at the time concerning the managers of this road, especially of Hon. Thomas W. Garrett, President, and Wil- liam P. Smith, Master of Transportation, it is the testimony of Colonel Jones him- self that he ever found them loyal gen- tlemen, anxious always to do all they could to serve the interests of the gov- ernment during four months of inter- course between them and the Regiment. Seeing the train about to start the mob ran on ahead and placed telegraph poles, anchors, etc., on the track. The train moved a short distance and stopped. A rail had been removed; it was replaced and the cars went on; stopped again, the road was repaired, and the train proceeded; stopped again, and tJie conductor reported to the Col- onel that it was impossible to advance, that the Regiment must march to Wash- ington. Colonel Jones replied: "We arel ticketed through and are going in these cars. If you or the engineer cannot run the train we have plenty of men who can. If you need protection or assist- ance you shall have it; but we go through." The crowd went on for some miles out as far as Jackson Biidge, near Chinka- pin Hill, and the police followed, re- moving obstructions; and at several places shots were exchanged. At length they reached the Relay House, where the double track ended and where they waited two hours — and long hours they were — for a train from Washington that had the right of way; and at length stalled again, reaching Washington late in the afternoon. Major Irwin McDowell - — since Major General McDowell of Geneial Scott's staff — was in waiting at' the station to receive them. | TESTIMONY OF BALTIMOREANS. ] i The loyal men of Baltimore, many of; whom saw the whole transaction and' endeavored to assist the volunteers as; far as possible, and who were of gi'eat service, speak in the highest terms of^ the conduct of the four companies, of-i ficers and men, declaring that they bore; themselves with rare coolness and cour-i age and elicited the admiration of all: who saw them, who were not infuriatedi with rage against them. Hundreds might have been killed had the mob been pro-. miscuously fired at. CHIMNEY-CORNER CRITICISMS. , Fireside critics, fighting chimney-cor-; ner campaigns, have said that the fatal] mistake was in allowing the Regiment to j 198 Minute Men oe '61 remain packed in cars and drawn by horses, in single companies, across the city when an attack was expected, and that it was manifestly the duty of the Regiment to march instead of riding, and thus be ready at all points; but it should be considered that then the whole thing was new and was met very differently from what it would be now; and the misapprehensions to which reference has been piade explain such criticisms away. The events that have since trans- pired were not expected, for the mad- ness that has since prevailed and de- stroyed its victims was scarcely consid- ered possible then. THE FEELING NORTH. Only they who remember those times will ever be able to imagine the sensa- tion caused by the news of this trans- action. Massachusetts especially was stirred from Essex to Berkshire, and it would have been easy to raise men enough to lay Baltimore in ashes; and had the existence of that city proved a permanent impediment to the passage of loyal troops to the capital, it would have been destroyed. Throughout the North' the determination was all but uni- versal to make a highway through Bal- timore to Washington. "Through Bal- timore" became a rallying cry, until it was settled that the Monumental City — • its roughs who had always disgraced it, emptied into the rebel army — had be- come loyal and true to the Union. THE GOVERNORS CONDUCT. Governor Andrew immediately trans- mitted the following characteristic dis- patch to the Mayor of Baltimore: To His Honor, the Mayor. I pray you to cause the bodies of our Massachusetts soldiers dead in Balti- more, to be immediately laid out, pre- served with ice, and tenderly sent for- ward by express to me. All expenses will be paid by this Commonwealth. JOHN A. ANDREW, Governor of Massachusetts. Mayor George William Brown of Bal- timore responded to Governor Andrew and in the course of his dispatch he al- luded to the passage of our troops tnrough Baltimore as an invasion of the soil of Maryland; declaring, however, that the dead and wounded should be tenderly cared for and that Baltimore would claim it as her right to pay all expenses incurred. Governor Andrew responded by say- ing: 1 appreciate your kind attention to our wounded and our dead and trust that at the earliest moment the remains of our fallen will return to us. I am overwhelmed with surprise that a peace- ful march of American citizens over the highway of the defence of our common capital should be deemed aggressive to Baltimoreans. Through New York the march was triumphant. Alluding to the touching use of the word "tenderly" in the Governor's dis- patch, the New York Times eloquently said: Few men can read it without tears. Yes. those bodies, battered and bruised by the brutal mob, are sacred. "Ten- derly" is not too gentle a word to be used for the care of them. Yes, bear their bodies tenderly; they are more sacred than the relics of the saints. Wherever they pass let the nation's flag which they died to defend, wave over them; let cannon thunder the martial honor, and let women and children come to drop a tear over the Massachusetts dead, who died for country and liberty. Never was exhortation better heeded, or less needed. It were worth an early death to receive such veneration from the people. Everywhere tears and ad- miration and love too deep for tears were poured out; and from their silent Franklin Print TWELVE— Spaulding z^; lips came such inspiration to patriotism as roused thousands of hearts to rush to battle to avenge their deatbs. Living, they were brave and true; but dying, their blood baptized many an otherwise indifferent one to deeds of devotion to country that have since been chronicled and that will be rehearsed by grateful generations to come. Minute Men of '61 199-! THE KILLED AND WOUNDED. There were four men killed and fifteen wounded in the Regiment, and many slightly wounded; loyal men in Baltimore, who were careful to collect all the facts as far as possible are of the opinion tliat about one hundred of the mob were killed by the guns of our soldiers. About a thousand rounds of ammunition were fired; and considering the size of the target, it is probable that the estimate is not far from the truth. The company rosters present the names of the wounded. HOME. July 29 orders came to break camp for home, and that military manoeuvre, never performed with unwillingness, was executed at six in the morning; and three hours later Baltimore was again, and for the last time in the campaign, visited, The Regiment received quite a cordial reception this time, very differ- ent from its first, and remained in the city till five in the afternoon, when it left for Philadelphia and started for New York at ten next day, and for Bos- ton at six in the evening. Everywhere the people flocked to see the men who received the first blows of the enemy, and who had been able to be at the post of danger so opportunely. The most gratifying attentions were lavished on them by all. They reached Worcester, the home of Company G, at ten in the morning of Aug. 1, and there were greeted with a welcome worthy of the heart of Massa- chusetts and more gratifying than the plaudits of strangers. They stayed till three in the afternoon and then, depait- ing for Boston, they were received if l)ossible more heartily than elsewhere. They were escorted to the Common and addressed by . Mayor Wightman, to whom Colonel Jones replied. They then partook of a collation and marched to Faneuil Hall, where they were quar- tered for the night, all but Company K. which was quartered at its armory. Next morning (Aug. 2), after breakfast on the Common, they were mustered outi of the United States service by Colonel Amory and proceeded to the Lowell; depot. HOW THE FIRST FLAG WAS KEPTJ During the first few days in Washing- ton Colonel Jones became anxious for the preservation of the flag placed inj his care by Governor Andrew; and hft' entrusted it to the custody of Chaplain] Babbidge, with orders to keep it about^ his person. The chaplain folded it care-J fully and buttoned it across his breast beneath his coat, saying occasionally to himself, "I hope if I'm hit it will be in the breast and that the old flag will stop the ball." ; VOTE OF THANKS FROM CONGRESS. Thirty-seventh Congress of the Unit- ed States, at the first session, in the House of Representatives, July 22, 1861. Resolved, That the thanks of this House are due and are hereby tendered to the Sixth Regiment of the Massachu- setts Volunteers, for the alacrity with which they responded to the call of the President and the patriotism and brav- ery which they displayed on the 19th of April last, in fighting their way through the city of Baltimore, on their march to the defence of the Federal Capital. : ■ GALUSHA A. GROW, ' Speaker of the House of Representa- tives. Attest: Em. Etheridge, Clerk. About ninety-fovir per cent, of the Regiment re-enlisted for further ser-j vice. j Extract from the Baltimore American; April 20, 1861: '■ The Massachusetts troops — All ac- counts of the affair of Friday at Balti- more (and we have had more than on'3 from eye witnesses), concur in bearing testimony to the unshaken valor of the assaulted Massachusetts Regiment, un- der circumstances most trying to raw soldiers. They were a handful of men in the midst of a population of two hun- dred thousand souls. Everywhere dur- ing their progress of two miles through this population, they encountered the ICO Minute Men oe '61 most furious hostility, and of the ex- tent of this hostility in the city they had no means of judging. But in the face of everything they moved steadily on, and reached this capital with diminished numbers, but with unbroken spirit — no longer raw troops, but troops tried and not found wanting. They paraded on Pennsylvania ave- nue on Saturday evening. It was reviv- ing to patriotism "to look at them, as they moved with steady step, under the State flag of Massachusetts to which they had given a new honor by their heroic conduct. They were here from far distant New England, in just five days after the issue of the President's order, calling them into the service. They were the first detachment of State troops arriving at the capital, and be- leaguered as it was with a garrison so inadequate, the tramp of this Regiment on the avenue was indeed a cheering sound. REGIMENTAL vSONG The night is dark, the camp is stilled; Each soldier's heart with joy is thrilled; He dreams of home and scenes gone past, Not conscious but his dream can last. Chorus — Baltimore, Baltimore, He starts at the cry of Baltimore. A mystic grandeur fills his breast. While peaceful slumber brings him rest; He little thinks of danger near, — His dream unmixed with dread or fear. Chorus — Baltimore, &c. At length the guard, with watchful ej-e, Discovers danger lurking nigh; Reminded of the days before, He gives '.he crj- of Baltimore. Chorus — Baltimore, &c. Quick the soldier's ready ear Warns him of the foe that's near; He springs out in the dreary night, From slumber to defend the right. Cliorus — Baltimore, &c. " Baltimore!" the alarming word Thrills the heart whene'er 'tis heard, — Suggests the loss of brothers gone, Justice calls the foe to atone. Chorus — Baltimore, &c. When duty calls so loud and plain, With sorrow he recalls the slain; And sacred as the brothers' dust, So sacred is the caiise, and just. Chorus — Baltimore, &c. As long as the free their blood shall give. Our countr}' shall so long survive; And where the weak the strong i~uplore. The rallying cry shall be " Baltimore!" Chorus — Baltimore, &c. Minute Men of '61 201 Sixth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 FIEIyD AND STAFF. Colonel, Edward F. Jones, Pepperell. Lieutena7it Colonel, Benjamin F. Watson, Ivawrence. Blajor, JosiAH A. vSawteee, lyowell. Adjutant, Aepha B. Farr, Ivowell. Quartermaster, James Monroe, Cambridge. Pay Master, RuFus I/. Peaisted, Lowell. Surgeon, Norman Smith, Groton. Assistant Surgeon, Jansen T. Paine, Cliarlestown. Chaplain, Charles Babbidge, Pepperell. Sergeant Major, Samuee W. Shattuck, Groton. Quartermaster Sergeant, Church Howe, Worcester. Commissary Sergeant, John Dupee, Boston. 'Drum Major, Frederick Stafford, Ivowell, Hospital Steivard, Wieliam H. Gray, Acton. BAND. This band accompanied the Regiment as far as Baltimore and was left behind at the depot in a baggage car which was attacked with stones, etc., b}- rotighs and broken into, and the band made their escape, leaving behind music, instruments, cloth- ing, etc., and called on the police for aid without avail. After running some dis- tance, they were taken in by kind-hearted women and the stripes removed from their clothes, and other old clothes furnished them for disguise. A message was sent to the cit}' officers, and a body of police was SL-nt who placed the band on board the cars and they started for home. Brooks, George Lowell Carlton , EH B Colburn, Charles Boston Crooker, Abel F Lowell Davis, Oliver T Doe, William K Lovett, John M Metcalf, Greenleaf W Muzze}', Eugene S Nutting, Cofiern Dracut Parshley, John H Lowell Parshlev, Henry G Patterson, Charles J , Poison, James Wilson, George A i Young, Artemns S * Roster Co. A, Sixth Massachusetts, ' Minute Men of '61. (National Greys.) j Organized in 1855. This company ! had but a few hours' time to prepare i for departure, but were ready for duty '•■ at the time required, and assembled at ' Huntington Hall on the morning of the ' 16th of April, 1S61. With Companies C, ! D and H, they left for Boston about noon of the same day. : *Josiah A. Sawtell, Capt Lowell Geo. M. Dickerman, Capt Andrew C. Wright, 2d Lieut : Andrew J. Johnson, 1st Sergt ' Enoch J. Foster, 1st Sergt ■ *George M. Dickerman, Sergt George W. Snell, Sergt John F. Swett, Sergt j * Wm. F. Loverin, Sergt ] *Re-enlisted ; 202 Minute Men of '61 Linus M. Caldwell, Corp Howe, Andrew J Solomon Clark, -Corp Higson, William H. Alfred J. Hall, Corp Hood, Gilbert A John W. Carter, Corp *Hudson, James F. . Aaron Andrews, Corp *Homans, Stephen. . *Frank W. Greenwood, Musician Jones, Alfred G.... Lewis A.. Young, Musician Luce, William H... *Marshall, Joseph . . *Adams, Julius T Bowker, Oren L Barron, Frederic A Bulmer, John Chesley, Isaac Crocker, George S Durgin, Horace T *Dightman, George W *Emerson, Charles F *Foss, John *Frost, John *Field, Joseph *Grout, Frank R Hall, Winthrop H Herrick, Andrew J Harrington, Thomas H Miner, Charles Motley, Robert *Norton, Bradford S... *Peavey, D. Merritt. . . . *Packard, Wm. H *Reed, Gordon *Reed, James G *Richardson, Charles H. Richards, Martin Stewart, Scott Torsey, James M Tuck, Warren M Woodward, Henry M . . . *Re-enlisted Minute Men oe '61 203 Company B, Sixth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (Groton Artillery.) On the ISth of April, 1861, at five *Jaquith, George D o'clock p.m., the Commander received * Jones, Frederic A Townsend notice by express that he must report Knowlton, Edwin H Groton himself and command the next morning Livermore, Rufus for duty, and the company left by the Lovejoy, Charles M Townsend first train April 16, and joined their Mackintire, Benjamin Groton Regiment and proceeded at once to Mansur, George V Groton Washington. Moore, Charles E Groton , . c, „, , ^ , _ ^ *Munroe, Robert isebius S. Clark, Capt Groton .,, ,.-.., -r ^ . X-. ^T ^x , . . -r . . =^Moulton. Isoah J Groton rge F. Shattuck, 1st Lieut ^ , • x , -, t ^ . , ^ _, 1 „ •, T • X Ockmgton, Andrew J Groton nuel G. Blood, 2d Lieut -r> i tt t m Parker, Henry J Townsend J3exter Sawtell, Sergt *Priest, William H Groton lliam T. Childs, Sergt Quigg, John Pepperell ■hn S. Cooke, Sergt Reed, John Groton Joseph Stedman, Sergt Medfield ^Richardson, Jas. E . .Winchenden, N. H. George K. Cragin, Corp Groton *Russell, James L. R Groton Abbott A. Shattuck, Corp Sartell, Wm. E Pepperell Joseph A. Bacon, Corp *SarteIl, Josiah F *Charles H. Haynes, Corp ^ Seldon, John S Eugene A. Turner, Musician . . Pepperell ' Stall, George H Groton Solomon Story, Jr., Musician Shattuck, Andrew J Pepperell Ames, Amos L Groton Smith, Henry B Groton *Barrett, George V Shirley *Stall, Ansel A Lunenburg Blighton, D. F New York *Spaulding, George N Townsend Brigham, Theodore Groton Sidlinger, Daniel M Brown, John N Tolman, Alfred O Boston Burgess, Word J Tozier, Henry E Groton *Carter, Aaron Pepperell *Thompson, Benjamin Cox, Charles F Groton Tenney, William H Dickerman, Samuel R Pepperell *Wheeler, Stephen W Shirley Dickson, Henry A Groton Whitney, Salmon Groton *Ford, Benjamin Wilson, Franklin Fullick, George A Whitney, Charles L Gilson, Thomas Wright, Charles H Pepperell Gleason, George A Winn, Henry C Hartwell, Adams J *Warren, William N N. Pittston, Me. Heald, Timothy W Chelmsford *Watson, Ransom C Townsend *Hoyt, Samuel D Groton * Whitcomb, Henry F Groton ^, „ „ -. -. , Webb, Robert F Pepperell *Houghton, Russell O Lunenburg . *Jaquith, Samuel J Groton *Re-eniisted 204 Minute Men of '61 Company C, Sixth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (Mechanics' Phalanx.) Organized July, 1825. Received sum- *Dennett, Erastus Lowell mons at eight p.m., April 15, 1861, and Deming, Charles W arrived in Boston the next day at Flanders, Josiah C twelve o'clock, and quartered at Boyls- Fairbanks, George D ton Hall, and the next day marched to Fitzpatrick, Charles E Billerica the State House and received rifles, and *George, Albert Lowell thence to Boston & Worcester R. R., *Greenleaf, Ruel W where they took the cars for Washing- Goddard, Benj. F ton. Gray, Daniel W *Goodwin, Amaziah N Albert S. Follansbee, Capt Lowell Harmon, Moses ^Samuel D. Shipley, 1st Lieut ^orn, Frank M John C. Jepson, 2d Lieut Johnston, Thomas B John W. Hadley, 1st Sergt *Kent, William C *Brent Johnston, Jr., Sergt *Lord, Charles P Ira Stickney, Sergt Libby, Martin V. B Thomas O. Allen, Sergt *Lawrence, George John H. Lakin, Corp McKenzie, Angus . . Isaac N. Marshall, Corp McCurdy, Wm. B Charles H. Arlin, Corp Mansur, Joseph *Richard A. Elliott, Corp Peabody, Baldwin T Andrew J. Burbank, Musician Phelan, Wm. H * Joseph J. Donahoe, Musician Prescott, Dudley M Arlin John *Pearson, Henry H Exeter, N. H. *Bonney, Seth.' ■.■.'.■.'.".'.'.'.".'.'.'.' .*.'.'.'."".'.". ! ^i^^' ^^'''^'^ ^ Lowell Barnard, George W Swain, George W Barnard Tristram Stackpole. Emilus Bryant, Theron A *Stinson, Charles B Bartlett, Andrew W Tibbetts, Joseph F Burns, Thomas Wilson, Alexander Calvert, Frank Wright, Merrill S Crowley, Jeremiah Williams, James L *Coburn, George H Dracut *Re-eniisted Minute Men of '61 205 Company D, Sixth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (Lowell City Guards.) Organized in 1841; received orders on the evening of April 15, 1861, and as- sembled with, the other Lowell com- panies at Huntington Hall the next morning, and left for Boston about noon the same day. James W. Hart, Capt Lowell Charles E. Jones, 1st Lieut Samuel C. Pinney, 2d- Lieut Lewellyn L. Craig, 3d Lieut John E. Ames, 1st Sergt William H. Lamson, 1st Sergt Frank L. Sanborn, Sergt William P. Cummings, Sergt John H. Gilmore, Sergt Arthur J. Withey, Corp ; Daniel B. Tyler, Corp Amory W. Webber, Corp Winslow H. Dodge, Corp Joseph L. Wood, Corp Charles H. Edmonds, Musician Alexander, George I Bickford, William H ; Chamberlain, John R : Chandler, Simeon C ■ Chandler, Charles H Cambridge Coburn, Edmund Dracut Conroy, James Lowell Davis, Martin Dracut ! Finn, Horace R Lowell i Gilmore, William P I Glover, Frederick W Groton i Gass, William B Dracut ' Ham, Daniel A Lowell ■, Harvey, Aldis B Huckins, Henry L Tewksbury ■ Jacks, John A Lowell : Kincaid, Alonzo ! Ladd, Luther C Lovrein, George W ; Marshall, Robert j Mehill, Hugh F I Moore, Ira W ; Muzzey, Hiram C ! Patch, William R Chelmsford Peaks, Joseph B Lowell Rushworth, John B Sanborn, James M ; Sinclair, Henry A : Stephens, Daniel C ; Sunderlin, William H. H Taylor, Charles A Taylor, Charles J Taylor, Charles W Taylor, Edward Whitney, Addison O Winn, James O Withington, William G Lowell 206 Minute Men oe '61 Company E, Fifth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (Davis Guards.) COMPANY E, SIXTH REGIMENT. Organized in 1857. At six o'clock on the evening of April 15, 1856, orders were received by the Guards to join their Regiment to go to Washington. About daylight the next morning they started for Lowell in open wagons, and in a heavy rain, reaching Lowell at 7.30 a.m. Daniel Tuttle, Capt Acton William H. Chapman, 1st Lieut George W. Rand, 2d Lieut Silas P. Blodgett, 3d Lieut Aaron S. Fletcher, 4th Lieut John E. Ames, 1st Sergt Luke Smith, 1st Sergt George W. Knights, Sergt Henry W. Wilder, Sergt Stowe Granville W. Wilder, Sergt Charles Jones, Corp Acton John F. Blood, Corp Luke J. Robbins, Corp Levi H. Robbins, Corp George F. Campbell, Musician George Reiser, Musician Baltimore Battles, Edward D Littleton Blood, George F Acton Bray, Henry L Brooks, Charles A Brown, John A Stowe Durant, James L Littleton Farrar, Abel, Jr Acton Fletcher, Aaron J Gilson, Henry Goss, Nathan Gray, William H Handley, Charles H Acton Handley, William S Hosmer, Oilman S Jones, George Lazeil, Henry W Littlefleld, Waldo Boxboro Morse, Charles Marlboro Moulton, Charles Acton Moulton, James Putnam, John Reed, Charles W Littleton Reed, George A Reed, William Acton Reed, William B Robbins, Varnum P Robbins, Luke Sawyer, Andrew J Smith, Ephraim A Tarbell, Edwin Wayne, John Wheeler, Hiram . . Concord Whitney, John Quincy Whitney, William F. B Whitney, John H. P Wilson, Samuel Wood, Eben F Minute Men of '61 207 Company F, Sixth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (Warren Light Guard.) Organized in 1855. Late in the after- noon of April 15, 1861, Co. F and Co. I received orders to report themselves in Boston at the earliest possible moment, and the next morning left Lawrence to join the Lowell companies. Left Loweii at eleven a.m. for Boston, stopping over night at Boylston Hall, leaving on the evening of the 17th, at eight o'clock for New York. Benj. F. Chadbourne, Capt. . .Lawrence Melvin Beal, Capt Thomas J. Cate, 1st Lieut Jesse C. Silver, 2d Lieut Methuen Andrew J. Butterfield, 1st Sergt Law Charles B. Foster, Sergt Lawrence Charles E. Drew, Sergt William Marland, Sergt Andover Gilbert P. Converse, Corp. .. .Lawrence Surrill Flint, Corp Thomas C. Ames, Corp James A. Troy, Corp Methuen Justin H. Kent, Musician Westley W. Knowlton, Musician Allen, Henry H Bailey, George F Bailey, Romanzo C Bailey, William A Beal, Henry Belcher, Charles F Burrell, Augustus Carter, William S Chaffin, Willard Cole, Micajah S Manchester, N. H. Cooper, Thomas H .Methuen Cowdrey, Oliver W Lawrence Cummings, Charles H Methuen Dame, Albert L Doil, William M Lawrence Duchesney, Lawrence N Dyer, William H Foster, William K Furber, Lyman V. B Greenlaw, Chas. E Hill, Enos T Hinman, Frank Jones, Amos G Methuen Jones, Josiah N Lawrence Kent, George E Leighton, George P Littlefield, George W Amesbury Merrill, Charles G Lawrence Merrill, Frank H Methuen Mills, John A Lawrence Morse, Benjamin G Morgan, George W Morse, James A Patterson, William I Richardson, Morton T Rogers, Samuel D Russell, Frank Shattuck, Charles M Lawrence Sanborn, Frank Methuen Smith, Robert C. J Stone, Charles Thurlow, George W Methuen Tufts, David Y Lawrence Turkington, Henry Methuen Tuttle, Thomas P Lawrence Wentworth, Horace Williams, John T 208 Minute Men of '61 Company G, Sixth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (Worcester Light Infantry.) Organized in 1S03. On April 16, 1S61, Clissold, Joseph at eleven p.m. the company received Cogger, Thomas E Newburyport orders to report in Boston at noon the Conner, William Worcester following day, to start for Washington. Comsett, Moses W At 9:30 o'clock the next morning took Conklin, George H up line of march for the cars for Bos- Corson, David W Natick ton. Reported at State House and left Curtis, Marcus Worcester with the Regiment that same evening. Dart, Charles E TT . -rr. -r^ . , ^ Dcnuls, Johu B Harrison W. Pratt, Capt Worcester t> i x ^i a ^ Txr T, X . %• Doherty, Thomas A George W. Prouty, 1st Lieut „ „, . _,, „ ,^r , , Drury, Ephrann Ij Thomas S. Washburn, 2d Lieut -^ ', „ .r , ,,,. ^ Drury, Luke T Joseph W. Denny, 3d Lieut -r, ^ ^ -^ ^ , , Dyson, Joseph Dexter F. Parker, 4th Lieut ' ^\ ... , ' Emerson, John Millsburv Thomas S. Washburn, 1st Sergt Estabrook, Josiah S Worcester John A. Lowell, Sergt Gurnhardt, Adam J. Stewart Brown, Sergt Hacker, Rudolph A ;. . . Charles H. Stratton, Sergt Hardy, Henry E Jas. A. Taylor, Sergt Hastings, Ira B.. "!!!'!.!!!!!!".'.... ! Joel H. Prouty, Corp Haven, Henry R Edward S. Stone, Corp Hay, Edward S Brown P. Stowell, Corp Boston Henry, John William H. Hobbs, Corp Worcester Hoar, Adelbert D. V Edwin Stalhurth, Musician Hodgkins, Orlando William C. Roundy, Musician Houghton, George A Abbott, Caleb F Johnson, George P Springfield Alden, Benjamin F. R Kidder, James. F Worcester Alden, Edward W Knapp, John M Bacon, John W Lawrence, Henry H Barre Badger, Algernon S Boston LaForest, Samuel O Boston Ball, David H Worcester Lincoln, William , . . .Worcester Ballard, Thomas E Methuen, John F Belser, William F Minter, George F Boston Bemis, Henry Moulton, Charles A Worcester Brainard, Robert M Mulcahy, John F Brown, Joseph L Newton, Myron J Calligan, John E Nolan, James H Campbell, Edwin A Parker, Dexter F Capron, Edwin C Perry, Edward B Capron, Luther Jr Piper, William H Casey, Thomas J Pierce, J. M. T Minute Men of '61 209 I Rice, Elbridge M Rice, Joseph Richter, Henry M Riggs, Calvin Schwarz, George Shaw, James D Sheehan, Dennis M Sief, Meilleux Smith, J. Baxter Stiles, John W Sweeney, Timothy Holliston Talbot, Thomas Worcester Thompson, Edward P Towle, John Trumbull, Charles P Turner, Peter J Valentine, William H Walker, Albert C Wiegand, Frederick A Whipple, Charles E Springfield Whitcomb, Andrew J Worcester Wilkins, Daniel Wilkins, James Wilson, Charles H Wolfe, John Woodcock, Ira Woodward, J. Wallace Young, Silas E 210 Minute Men of '61 Company H, Sixth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (Watson Light Guard.) Organized in 1851. Received orders Hapgood, Edwin about eiglit p.m. on the evening Harper, Alexander of April 15, 1861, and the next morning Hill, James E marched to Huntington Hall, where Holmes, Silas S they joined the other companies of the Huckins, Edward Regiment, leaving for Boston about Ingalls, Enoch noon the same day. Johnson, George F Keene, George H John F. Noyes, Capt Lowell Marshall, John J George E. Davis, 1st Lieut McCoy, Edwin P Andrew F. Jewett, 2d Lieut McGillery, Angus Boston Benjamin Warren, 3d Lieut Milliken, Frank J Lowell Nathaniel K. Reed, 1st Sergt Mitchell, James M Charles E. Poor, Sergt Nourse, John H Benjamin W. Frost, Sergt Palmer, Charles P Timothy A. Crowley, Sergt Pinder, Albert Edward J. Grimes, Corp Ricker, Charles W Hiram. W. Gordon, Corp Roberts, Nathaniel Caleb Philbrick, Corp Rolfe, Charles F Warren C. Crosby, Corp Russell, Daniel W George Robertson, Musician Scadding, Alfred W. . . ; Levi Brown, Musician Short, William Small, Frederick J Atwood, Charles C Smith, William Avery, Frank S Stafford, Frederick K Bills, Charles R Strong, Martin V Braddock, Warren L Warren, Augustus Charters, Reuben P Whiting, Joseph B Clark, Charles F Wilkins, George Clifford, Raeburn G Winn, George B Dobbins, George R Willis, William T Minute Men of '61 211 i Company I, Sixth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (Lawrence Light Infantry.) Organized in 1849. Received orders late in the afternoon of April 15, 1861, to report in Boston at the earliest moment. In the passage through Balti- more Corporal Sumner H. Needham was killed; Michael Green was shot in the leg and sent home; Victor G. Gingass shot in the arm, but proceeded with his comrades to Washington. John Pickering, Capt Lawrence Daniel S. Yeaton, 1st Lieut Aug. Lawrence Hamilton, 2d Lieut Eben H. Ellenwood, 3d Lieut Eugene J. Mason, 4th Lieut Stephen D. Stokes, 1st Sergt Joshua C. Ramsden, Sergt George G. Durrell, Sergt George E. Yarrington, Sergt William A. Huntington, Corp William H. Carlton, Corp Frederick G. Tyler, Corp Sumner H. Needham, Corp Robert G. Barr, Corp John D. Emerson, Musician Henry J. White, Musician Edward Carlton, Musician Bardsley, William E Berr}% Horace S Blood, Milton H Cauffy, Edward Drew, George A Fa rewell, Frederick M ; Freeman, Victor O : Gingrass, Victor G i Green, Michael ^ Holton, William M Harkins, Daniel [ Harmon, John M : Harriman, John E i Heath, Edwin C ■ Home, Joseph ' Jewell, Harry G ] Joy, Alonzo ] Kittredge, David j Knights, James S j Knott, William G i Miller, William , , Norton, John H \ Oliver, John ' Page, John M Bostoni Pierce, 'Samuel B Lawrence! Rolfe, Henry A ! Safford, Joseph H Saunders, Caleb Shorey, George W j Spofford, Edwin F ; Staples, Herbert ' Stanley. Charles H Methuei^ Stearns, Hiram A Lawrencd Swaine, Charles M ; Wentworth, Edwin H. C ; Weymouth, Charles J .J White, Henry J ; Vv'oodbury, Charles T 212 Minute Men of '61 Compan}^ K, Sixth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (Washington Light Guard.) Organized in 1810, formerly called Gardner, Horace Washington Artillery. At ten o'clock Gillespie, James on the evening of April 15, 1861, they Gourlay, William D '. ! Cambridge received orders, and at eight o'clock the Hall, Charles H Boston next morning reported sixty-four men Hamilton, Charles M '..'...' Chelsea ready for duty, and left with the Regi- Holt, Erastiis T .Boston ment for Washington. Hume, Josiah L ,„ ^. c. c ^ Keller, Jacob W Walter S. Sampson, Capt Boston Knowlton, Edward T Ansel D. Wass, 1st Lieut Le Favor, James H Moses J. Emery, 2d Lieut Leonard, Orville W Thomas Wallwork, 3d Lieut Look, Orick John F. Dunning, 4th Lieut Mallory, William 'h. "h. .' .' .' .' ." .' Cambridge Levi F. McKenney, 1st Sergt Mann, Henry C Chelsea James C. Rogers, Sergt | Matthews, Joseph O Boston George W. Gordon, Sergt Meadows, Thomas W David C. Sisson, Sergt Meserve, John G George A. Gurnett, Sergt Moore, James F James E. March, Corp Morton, Lemuel Q Washington J. Corthell, Corp Nudd, Edward : Joseph Sanderson, Jr., Corp Parks, William Abraham Holland, Corp Peaks, James G William H. H. Foster, Musician Roberts, Henry Gilbert W. Homan, Musician Sanborn, Edwin G Shepard, Adams Bell, George Sloan, Charles F., Jr W. Roxbury Boden, Elisha C Small, Horace H Boston Butler, George W Spencer, James H Chester, Charles H Spencer, Mendall C Chester, William P Spinney, George A Colgan, George ' Sproul, Alexander Daly, William H Stevens, George W Drake, Le Prelirt Story, Charles C Dupee, John Symonds, John H English, Harold M Temple, George Ennis, Joseph F Whitney, George T Fiske, Edward P White, Isaac B Francis, Lewis F Cambridge Wood, James Frye, Charles H Boston Young, Henry F Minute Men of '61 213 9w^ \ Compan}^ L, Eou^tfe- Massachusetts Regiment, : Minute Men of '61 ' 1 (Stoneham Light Infantry.) i I Organized in 1851. In April, 1861, Flanders, Stephen \ belonged to the Seventh Regiment as Fortier, John B ' ' . . i Company C. They received orders at Gerry, John [,[ '■ two o'clock on the morning of April 17, Green, Henry W 1861, to appear at Boston that morning Green, Orrin A | at eleven o'clock. Prompt at the hour Hadley, Aaron S ,, \ they reported at the State House and Hayes, Levi W ' i left with the regiment at noon. On Hayes, Watson A ! the 19th, while passing through Balti- Hill, Andrew E i more. Captain Dike was shot in the leg Holden, Warren ' by the mob. Hosmer, E. Battelle /.,......... \ John H. Dike, Capt Stoneham ^^^^^' William H | Leander F. Lynde, 1st Lieut •^^^^^'^^' ^^"^"^^ ^ i Darius N. Stevens, 2d Lieut Keenan, James j James F. Rowe, 3d Lieut Kimpton, John W j William B. Blaisdell, 4th Lieut. . . . Lynn ^^*^^^'^' ^^^^P^ : Samuel C. Trull, 1st Sergt. . . . Stoneham Madden, William H.'. ■.■.:'.:■.:;:;:■.:■.■.::; ' Jefferson Hayes, Sergt Marston, Hiram P Francis M. Sweetser, Sergt deader, Albert J " ^ Sidney L. Colley, Sergt Mead, Maurice \ James Whittaker, Corp Mellen, Sidney F ] George P. Stevens, Corp Moody, Dearborn S \ Andrew J. Kimpton, Corp Moody, James S ] Charles L. Gill, Corp Osmore, Battel j Victor W. Lorrendo, Musician Parker, Augustus M ; Eugene Devitt, Musician Pennell, Joseph W \ Berry, Charles H Perry, Ephraim A ' Berry, Walter B Pinkham, Alphonso H I Brown, Daniel Pinkham, Fernando P | Butterfield, William G Pinkham, Samuel H I Carr, Charles H Putnam, Julian \ Clement, Otis M Bobbins, Andrew ' Cormick, Richard Sanborn, James A 1 Craig, John W Stevens, Henry A , j Danforth, Horace W Stoddard, Henry P ■ Dike, Henry Tay, Benjamin F., Jr ■ Doucette, Joel N Welch, Archelaus Eastman, James H Wheelei% John B ^ Eastman, John B Young, William H \ Minute Men of '61 Capt. John H. Norton Minute Men of '61 Co. I, 6th Mass. Rest. Major John H. Norton, joined Company tionary War, who "made the coffin that I, Sixth Regiment Massachusetts Volun- teer Militia, 1859. Captain John Picker- ing commanding and was with that Regi- ment in its passage through Baltimore on April 19, 1861, and was slightly wounded at that time, and was a direct descendant of Samuel Remick, a soldier of the Revolu- Major Andre, the traitor was buried in. Also a descendant of John Norton one of the first ministers sent to England by the Colonies. Was a member of Boston City Government and the Massachusetts lyegis- lature. Minute Men of '61 215 ; George A, Reed, vSaxonville, Mass. Minute Men of '61 E, eth^Mass. I^ieut. 26th Regt. Mass. Vols. Hon. George A. Reed was born at Con- cord, Mass. , September 10, 1842. Enlisted in Company E, Sixth M.V.M., went with the Regiment through Baltimore, April 19, 1861, as private. September 5, 1861, en- listed in the Twenty-Sixth Massachusetts Regiment ; served under command of General B. F. Butler in Ivouisiana as Cor- poral and Sergeant. January 14, 1864, re-enlisted in the Twenty-Sixth Massachu- setts Regiment ; was mustered out Septem- ber 25, 1865. Was with General Grant at City Point, Va., with General P. H. Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley November 1 ; was appointed Special Mail Messenger for Generals Sheridan and Hancock ; was commissioned as Second I^ieutenant. After returning to Massachu- setts made his home in Framingham ; was elected three years on the Board of Select- men, and in 1889 served in the Massachu- setts House of Representatives ; was elected a member of the State Senate in 1895 and re-elected in 1896 ; has been in the employ of the Boston and Albau}- Rail- road thirty-four years, and as train con- ductor, 29 years ; is a Past Commander of Post 142 G-A-R ; Past President of the old Sixth and Twentj'-Sixth Massachusetts Regimental Associations ; member of the various Masonic bodies ; Aleppo Temple N. of M. Shrine, Boston. 216 Minute Men of '61 William V. Gourlay, Governor's Island, N. Y. Minute Men of '61 6th Mass. Regt. 1st Mass. Cav. Enlisted in Company C, First Massaclui- setts Militia in Boston, 1860. April 15, 1861, upon President's call for Volunteers for three months' service, Company C, was attached from the Fir.st and joined the Sixth Regiment as Company K, was wourded in Baltiuiore fight on April 19. Rejoined Regiment at Relaj- House, Md., on recover)' of wound. Took part in the arrest of Ross Winans, member of the Mar3-land Ivegislature. Also assisted in capturing" the Winans' steam gun, a dia- bolical engine for destruction. Was also war correspondent of the Cambridge Chronicle. In Noberaber, 1861, enlisted for Company B, First Massachusetts Cavalry-, Captain Samuel E. Chamberlain, and Robert Williams, a distinguished Cavalr}' officer of the Regular Array Col- onel. Was in the battle of Decessionville, S. C. Was also war correspondent for the Boston Herald. When I^ee's Army in- vaded Marj'land the Regiment was sent to join the Ami}' of the Potomac. Was en- gaged in South Mountain and Antietam battles. After there, was detached for duty at Adjutant General's office, Washington. Gkorge a. Drew, New \ ui k Minute Men of '61 Co. I, 6th Mass. Co. K, 4th N. H. Co. C, 34th U.S.C.T. Captain George A. Drew was born in Newmarket, N. H., March 27, 1843, of Revolutionary ancestors. Parents moved to Ivawrence, Mass., in 1850. April 15, 1861, at first call for troops was member of Company D, Sixth Massachusetts, and marched with that Regiment through Baltimore, April 17. On mustering out of the old Sixth on Augu.st 2, and immedi- ately re-enlisted as Sergeant in the F'ottrth New Hampshire Volunteers for three years, participating with that Regiment, in the vSherman expedition, at taking of Port Royal, S. C, Beaufort, Jacksonville, Fernandine, St. Augustine; twice wounded at battle of Pocalatigo bridge; April 7, 1S63, Avas promoted to First L/ietttenant and later to a Captaincy in the Thirty-Fourth United States Colored Troops, by General Saxton, Military Governor of South Carolina, and resigned March 22, 1865. Was engaged in capture of Morris Island, and Siege of Charlestown and Forts Sumter and Wag- ner and night attack in small forts on the latter. Was in seventeen battles and engagements. After the war was over became a citizen of New York City, being now a retired member of the police force of that city. Member and commander of Reno Post No. 44, Department of New York, G-A-R; served on Commander-in- Chief John Adams' staff as Aid-de-Camp. Minute Men of '61 217 Capt. Walter S. vSampson Minute Men of '61 Co. K, 6th Mass. and 22d Mass. Regt. Captain Walter Scott Sampson was born in Kingston, Mass., on Febrnarj- 22, 1835, son of Benjamin and Sarah (Bradford) Sampson. He was on both sides de- scended from the old Pilgrim stock. His education was obtained in the district schools of his native town, and at the age of eighteen he came to Boston and engaged in the occupation of mason. He early became identified with the militia, and on the outbreak of the Rebellion was Captain of Compan}' K, Sixth M.V.M., which Company he commanded during the three months' campaign of 1861. Return- ing to Boston from this service, he was made Captain in the Twenty-Second United vStates Volunteers, and with that command took part in the operations of the Army of the Potomac until the latter part of 1862. Upon his return to civil life, he resumed his occupation as a builder ancl achieved great success. He erected many prominent buildings, notably the new Court House. He has been active in Grand Army work, having been com- mander of Charles Russell Lowell Post?, G-A-R for several yerrs; is a member of the A. & H. A. Co., and on their memor- able visit to England was bearer of the State Flag. Simeon C. Chandler, Clinton, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. D, 6th Mass. Regt. Born in East Fairfield, Vt., August 29, 1839, of old Revolutionary stock. His great grandfather, Simeon Chandler served during the entire seven years of that war, being three years of the time a prisoner in the hands of the Indian allies of the British at the first call of President Ivincoln, in April, 1861, hastened to enroll himself in the ranks of his country's defenders. On the evening of April 15, enlLsted in Com- pany D, Sixth M.V.M. In 1862, he re-enlisted in Company Iv, Thirty-Third Massachusetts Volunteers for three years, and served with that command, being several months on Provost duty in Alexandria, Va., also at Fairfax Court House. Thoroughfare Gap, Chantilij- and Falmouth. In March, 1863, he was dis- charged at vStafiford Court House, Va., for disability. In 1864, he enlisted for the third time in his original command, Com- pany D, vSixth M.V.M. , for one hundred days, as Corporal of the Color guard. During this enlistment the principal duty performed was the guarding of rebel pris- oners at Fort Delaware. He again enlisted in Fifteenth Massachusetts Batterv, in the Department of the Gulf. During this term he participated in the Pensacola Campaign, and the sharp conflicts attending the siege of Blakely, Miss. 218 Minute Men of '61 William ;\Iaklan'd, Andover, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. F, 6th Regt. Capt. 2d Mass Bafry. Maj. U.S.V. William Marlaiid, son of William Sykes and Sarah (Northy) Marland, born in Andover, March 11, 1839. His grand- father, Abraham Marland emigrated from England, 1801. Major Marland ha.s always claimed Andover as his home receiving his education in its schools and Phillips Acad- emy. He enlisted in Company F, of the " Old Sixth," April 15, 1861, was made Sergeant April 17, and marched as Color Guard through the streets of Baltimore, April 19, 1861. Mustered out, August 2, 1861. He re- cruited until December, 1861, when he was commissioned as Second Ivieutenant Second Battery, Light Artillery, M.V.M., with which he remained until Augaist 11, 1865. He served by promotion as First L/ieutenant and Captain, and was made Brevet-Major for gallant and meritorious services. Re- ceived a Congressional Medal of Honor for gallantry at Grand Coteau, I^a., November 3, 1863. After having Ijeen surrotmded by the enemy's Cavalry, his support having surrendered, he ordered a charge and saved the section of the battery tliat was under his command. He was Postmaster at Andover, 1869 to 1886 inclusive, now dead. Amos G. Jones, Medford, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. F, 6th Mass. Color Sergt. Co. F, 26th M.V.M. Born in Methuen, Mass., July 15, 1840, of Revolutionary ancestors. Was a mem- ber of the Massachusetts Militia, called for service, April 15, 1861, Company F, Sixth Regiment M.V.M. Passed through Balti- more, April 19, 1861, on the w-ay to guard the Capitol at Washington, D. C. Mus- tered out, August 2, 1861. Re-enlisted as Sergeant in Company F, Twentv-Sixth Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, Septem- ber 20, 1861, and later appointed Color Sergeant of same Regiment. Served in the Department of the Gulf under General Butler, was transferred from there to the James River in front of Richmond and from there to the Shenandoah Valley with General Sheridan. After the big review at Washington, D. C. , at the close of the war, the Regiment was sent to Savannah, Ga., and he held the position of Harbor Master until September, 1865. Minute Men of '61 219 Reuben P. Charters, Lowell, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. H, Sixth Massachusetts Regiment Reuben P. Charters was born at Tack- ville, N. B., June 15, 1841, came to Massa- chusetts when seven years old. Enlisted April 16, 1861, from Lowell, Mass., to serve three months, and was mustered in April 22, 1861, Company A, Sixth Regi- ment, Masssachusetts Volunteer Infantry, on Boston Common, Colonel Edward F. Jones commanding. Discharged Augtist 2, 1861, at Boston, Mass. Re-enlisted August 28, 1861, to serve three years in the First Battery Massachusetts Volunteers, Ivight Artillery, Captain Josiah Porter commanding. Discharged at Brandy Sta- tion, Va.i January 2, 1864. He was in sixt3--one battles and a number of skir- mishes. Two horses were shot from under him at Cedar Creek, Va., and another lost by jumping in the mud. Discharged June 6, 1865, at Boston, Mass. He is a member of Ladd and Whitney Post No. 185, Department of Massachu- setts, G-A-R; also U-V-U and Sixth Massa- chusetts Association. Capt. Ansel D. Wass | Minute Men of '61 i 6th Mass. Regt. Ansel D. Wass was born November 12, ; 1833, was mustered in April 22, 1861, at ] Washington, D. C. Mustered out August 1 2, 1861. Captain Companv K, Nineteenth j M.V.M. Mustered in August 28, 1861, ; Charles J. Plea.sant, First Lieutenant ! Eleventh Infantry, United States Army I Mustering Officer; Major, same Regiment, ' July 1, 1862; di.scharg^d October \, 1862, • to accept a commission of Lieutenant Col- onel Forty-First Regiment, M.V.M., vSep- tember 6, 1862. Mustered in October 10, 1863, by Captain J. B. Collins Fourth In- ' fantry. United vStates Army; discharged : January 31, 1863. Commissioned Lieuten- I ant Colonel, Nineteenth Regiment, • M.V.M., May 23, 1863. Mustered'in May ' 25, 1S63; commissioned Colonel, same , Regiment, February 28, 1864, never mus- \ tere. under commission; discharged Feb- i ruary 28, 1864. Commissioned Colonel ' Sixtieth Regiment, M.V.M. . July 30, 1864, ' mustered in Atigust 6, 1864, by Major Wharton, United States Array, at Balti- more, Md.; mustered out November 30, 1864, Indianapolis, Ind. Commissioned Colonel Sixty-Second Regiment (new), | M.V.M., March 2, 1865, but never mus- ' tered. Brevet Brigadier-General, United States Army, March 13, 1865. ' Colonel \\'ass was wounded at Yorktown, April 7, 1862; Glendale, June 30, 1862; i Gettysburg, Jtilv3, 1863; Briston Station, i October 14, 1863. Died January 24, 1889. i 220 Minute Men of '61 Church Howe, U. S. Cunsul, ShulTield. Uiik. Minute Men of '61 Sixth Massachusetts Regiment Major Church Howe, born in Princeton, Mass., December 13, 1839, of Revolution- ary ancestors. His great grandfather, Adonijah Howe, was a private at the battle of Lexington. Enrolled April 15, 1861, as a private, Company G, Sixth Massachusetts Militia Infantry to serve three months, nd was with the Regiment when it passed through Baltimore, April 19, 1861. He was appointed Quartermaster Sergeant of the Regiment prior to the mustering of the company, and was discharged from the service July 23, 1861, to enable him to accept the appointment of First Ivieutenant and Regimental Quartermaster of the Fif- teenth Massachusetts Volunteers. Was later commissioned Captain and Brevet Major, United States Volunteers. Novem- ber, 1861, detached from Regiment and assigned to duty as ordnance officer, staff of General Charles P. Stone, commanding corps of observation at Poolesville, Md., and later assigned to duty as Senior Aid- de-Camp to General John Sedgwick, com- manding the Second Division, Second Corps, Army of the Potomac, remaining- with him through the Peninsular Cam- paign and into the Maryland Campaign, where, at Antietam he was wounded. Was later assigned to duty on staff of Major (xeneral Slocum, commanding Twelfth Corps, Arnn- of the Potomac, and made Provost Marshal of Northern Mary- land and W^est Virginia, headqviarters at Harper's Ferry, and afterwards was again assigned as Senior Aid-de-Camp to Major General John Sedgwick, commanding Ninth Corps and Sixth Corps, respec- tively. Among the battles in which Major Howe took part were those of Ball's Bluff, Siege of Yorktown, Fair Oaks, Gaines' Mill, Peach Orchard, Savage Station, Charles City Cross Road, Glendale, Malvern Hill, Plint Hill, second Bull Run and Antietam. General Sedgwick in his official reports of the battles of Fair Oaks and Antietam makes special mention of Major Howe's gallant conduct. Was appointed first United States Mar- shal of Wyoming Territory by President Grant in 1869. Removed to Nebraska in 1871, and engaged in fanning, banking, and railroad building. A mem1:)er of the Nebraska State Senate and House of Representatives twenty-four years, and was twice President of the vSenate. Mem- ber of State Board of Education for ten years. In 1893 was elected Senior Vice- Commander, and in 1894 Commander of the Grand Army of the Republic, Depart- ment of Nebraska. Retired from active business in 1895. Appointed Consul at Pa.lermo, Italy, by President McKinley, July, 1897, and in 1900 transferred to vSheffield, Eng. Minute Men of '61 221 Massachusetts lyegislature session of 1865. Fall of 1865 removed to Biiigliamton, N. Y. In 1885 was elected Ivieutenant Governor State of New York, serving six years.. In 1865, founded the Jones Scale Works, being its President and manager for man}- 3ears, was the originator of the system of prepa\-ing the freight, and author of the expressive term, which has liecome one of the idioms of our language " He pays the freight." While General Jones is nearly blind, his many friends will be glad to know that the year 1910 finds him yet alive at his beauti- ful home at Binghamton. Col. Edward F. Jones. Binghamton, N. Y. Minute Men of '61 6th Mass. Regt. Edward Franc Jones, born Utica, N. Y., June 3, 1828. Private, Lieutetiant and Captain Fifth Regiment M.V.M., Major of Sixth M.V.M., Colonel, 1858, till Regi- ment mustered out of United States service. Tendered services of Sixth Regiment to Governor Andrew, January 16, 1861. Re- ceived at four p.m. April 15, order to mu.ster command on Boston common forth- with. Reported Regiment for duty at twelve o'clock noon, April 16. Left Bos- ton in command of the Regiment, April 17, attacked by mob in Baltimore April 19, reaching Washington that evening, where it was met at the station by President Lincoln, who greeted it with " thank God j'ou are here. If \ou had not arrived to- night we should have been in the hands of the rebels before morning." This Regi- ment saved the Capital ; was mustered out Atigust, 1861. He then recruited the Twenty-Sixth Regiment and was accorded the distingtiished honor by Governor Andrew of appointing every officer in the Regiment. Brevetted Brigadeer-General, United States Volunteers. Member of Fred M. Farwell, Oakland I Minute Men of '61 Col. Co. I, 6th Mass. Regt. 1 Frederick M. Farwell was mining on j Trinity River, California, when the Civil 1 War threatened, and left the mining \ grounds, went to San Francisco, took pasr i sage on steamer, "Moses Ta^-lor," and arrived in Boston just three daj^s before | being sworn into the service. Went ' through Baltimore on April 19, 1861. i Company I was furnished ten rounds of ; cartridges to each man. I 222 Minute Men of ,61 Henry A. Dickson, Fitchburg. Mass. Minute Men of '61 6th Mass. Regt. 33d Regt. Mass. Vols. Henry A. Dickson was born in Groton, Mass., July 2, 1837; with his parents in 1853, he went East and was for five 3-ears among the Arabs in Palestine, learning the Arabic and German languages. Returning to this country in 1858, he enlisted in Company B, vSixth Massachu- setts Volunteers, responding to the first call for troops. Enlisted again, July 11, 1862, in Company E, Thirty-^Third Massa- chusetts Volunteer Infantr}-, for three j-ears. Was made a vSergeant, July 1, 1863; promoted to First vSergeant; was in the Army of the Potomac till Septem- ber, 1863, when he went West with the Twentieth Corps; the remainder of his ser- vice was with General Sherman. At the battle of Resaca, Ga., May 15, 1864, re- ceived a gunshot wound in the right shoul- der, but recovered from it sufficiently to get back to the Re.i^iment ten days before they started on the famous march ' ' from Atlanta to the Sea." Was in everj- battle and engagement in which the Regiment participated with the exception of the time between May 15 and November 1, 1864. Commissioned First Ivieutenant November 3, 1864, and discharged with the Regiment June 11, 1865. A resident of Fitchburg, Mass., for the past thirty-seven years, and a member of the citv common council for the year 1892. F^DWiN F. Spofford. Maiden, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Sixth Massachusetts Regiment Edwin F. Spofford was born in Bangor, Me., Septeinber 26, 1836. His military service commenced in Company I, Sixth Regiment, M.V.M., (old Sixth), and he answered the first call of the President, Abraham Lincoln, April 15, 1861, as a Minute Man, marched through Prate street, Baltimore, April 19, 1861, in the ranks with comrades of that Company, fighting their way from President street depot to Camden street depot, and left his mark in Dixie by avenging the death of Corporal Sumner H. Needham, a victim of the rioters, and a comrade of the same Company. Also served as a musician in band of Nineteenth Massachusetts Infantry, honor- ably discharged in November, 1861. Re-enlisted as private Company M, First Massachusetts Heavy Artillery', Feb- ruary 20, 1862; promoted to Sergeant, Inrst Sergeant, Second Ivieutenant, First Ivieutenant, Captain. April 9, 1865, was severely wounded at Harris Farm, Va. (vSpottyslvania Court House), Ma}' 19, 1864; was in the following engagements: Baltimore, April 19, 1861, Chantilla, Harris Farm, Spottsylvania; Peter sljurg. Poplar Spring Church; capture of Petersburg, Sailor's Creek, Farmville, Jettersville, Weldon Raid, Surrender of Ivce. Minute Men of '61 223 Thomas J. Cate, I,awrence, Mass. Minvite Men of '61 Company F, 6th Mass. Regiment. Thomas J. Cate, went out with Old Sixth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers, April 1, 1861, as Third Ueutenant. Elected Second Lieutenant, May 6, 1861. Ap- pointed bythe President, First Lieutenant, Sixteenth United States Infantry, August 5, 1861. Resigned m}' commission, August 17, 1863. Appointed Recruiting Officer among the Rebel Prisoners at Point Look- oiit, Md., by Major-General B. F. Butler, January 23, 1864. Appointed First Lieu- tenant in Thirty-Sixth United States Colored Troops, April 24, 1864. Was dis- charged from the service owing to Physical Disability, August 4, 1865, on Surgeon's Certificate, dated July 25, 1865, City Point, Va. Appointed Brevet Major of Volun- teers, by Secretary of War, for Meritorious Service in the Subsistance Department during the War, to rank as such from the Thirteenth day of March, 1865. Recom- mended by the Commissary General. Present address, Lawrence. Mass. Alexander W. .Sproule, .Somer^-ille, Mass. Minute Men of "61 Co. K, 6th Mass. Regt. i I Alexander Sproule joined the Fifth Regi-| ment Massachusetts Volunteer Militia inj 1856. In 1861 joined Company K, of the | vSixth Regiment, M.V.M. Was with that; Regiment in their memorial march | through Baltimore, April 19, 1861. j After being mustered out of the army^ joined the navy and served throughout the ; war. Served on the San Jacinto, Port ■ Roj-al and Melacomet and was with Com- i mander Farragut when his fleet entered Mobile. 224 Minute Men of '61 James S. Knights. Waukeegan, 111. Minute Men of '61 Co. I, 6th Mass. 3 nios and 9 mos campaign James S. Knights answered the first call for volunteers. Was employed as break- man on the Boston and Maine Railroad, and went out for three months with Com- pany Iv, of the Lawrence Light Infantry, served with Captain J. L. Pickney. Went out in the nine months' call and served ■under Captain Hamilton, and the Regi- ment went to Suffolk, Va. Came to city in May, 1866; on the Chicago and North- western Railroad. Past Commander of Waukeegan, 111., Post 374, G-A-R. William G. W.'vrren, Sisson, Cal. Minute Men of '61 Co. B, 6th Ma.ss. Recrt. W. G. Warren was in old Company B, Sixth Regiment, State Militia; did not go out with them on the start but was sent out shortly after from Groton, came home with them and reorganized into the Twenty-Sixth Massachusetts and served through the war. Minute Men of '61 225 X,t. IvEAXDER F. L,YNDE, Stoiiehaiii, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. I^, 6th Mass. Regt. Leaiider F'. Lyiide was born in Stone- ham, Mass., October 15, 1835. Mustered into service April 22, 1861, for three months; First L/ieutenant Company Iv, Sixth Regiment; took the command of Compan}' Iv, Sixth Regiment after Captain Dyke was wounded, April 19, 1861. Capt. John H. Dyke, Stoneham, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Sixth Massachusetts Regiment Captain John H. Dyke was born in Stoneham, Mass., September 17, 1834; mustered into the United States service April 22, 1861, for three months; Captain of Companv D, Sixth Regiment; wounded at Baltimore April 19, 1861. Died at Stoneham, April 28, 1871. 226 Minute Men of '61 George V. Barrets. Ayer. Mass. Minute Men of '61 6th Mass. Capt. 2.3d Mass. R egt. IjAWRENCE H. DUCHESNEY, BOSton MaSS. Minute Men of '61 Co. F, 6th Ma.ss., I^ieut. 1st Mass, Cav. Stephen W. Whi-.ki.i-.k. New Ipswich, N.H. Minute Men of 61 Co. B, Sixth Mass. ■William H. Marden, Stoneham, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. I,, 6th Mass., .Sergt. Second Sharpshooter Minute Men of '61 227 Samuel D. Rogers Minute Men of '61 Sixth Massachusetts Regiment Charles D. INIoork Minute Men of '61 Co. B, 6th Massaclnisetts Regriment WiLLLAM H. Jones. Stoneham, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. Iv, 6th Mass. Regt. WiLLi.\M Connor. Worcester. Mass. Minute Men of '61 6th Mass. 25th Mass. and 1st Mass. Cav. 228 Minute Men oe '61 Oilman S. Hosmer. I Daly, Thomas ' Doyle, John Donovan, John Druchan, Patrick i Ellsv/orth, Thomas ' Ellsworth, James, Jr Fay, John Grieve, Robert Gertz, William H ; Goldsmith, Richard ' Hennessey, Michael ■ Hunt, William i Humbey, William Boston ! Nourse, George W Marblehead j Leminon, William B Manning, Peter , McClearn, Stuart F , Newcomb, Joseph Lynn Nourse, George W Marblehead ! Oliver, Thomas Peach , James ' Perry, John \ Phillips, Bemjamin H Phillips, Samuel K Phillips, Samuel H I Powers, Joseph P j Rhodes, George \ Snellings, Joseph Snellings, Samuel Stevens, George D Towle, Charles T Tucker, Darby 240 Minute Men of '61 Compan}^ C, Eig-hth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (Sutton Light Infantry.) This company was organized in 1809 Devitt, Thomas E as tlie old Marblehead Light Infantry, Doe, Charles W and in 1851 it was reorganized and Doliber, Nathaniel P called the Sutton Light Guards. Re- Edwards, Charles W ceived orders at five o'clock on the Butcher, William W afternoon of April 15, 1861, and left Falvey, Andrew town for Boston the next morning with Falvey, John the other Marblehead companies. Gilley, William L Gilbert, Thomas G ' Tjr ,. -^T Ti IT 4.- r>, X T,,r , , , , Grant, Richard T Knott V. Martin, Capt Marblehead ^ „,.„. Green, William C Lorenzo F. Linnell, 1st Lieut Haskell, Mark John H. Haskell, 2nd Lieut Hawkes, William H Benjamin F. Peach, Jr., 1st Sergt Holt, Lewis H Benjamin J. Perick, Sergt Ireson, John H William Goodwin, 3d Sergt Knight, Joseph S Charles H. Howe, Sergt Knowland, William C Joseph Cloutman, Corp Knowland, John H William H. Ingalls, Corp Millett, John William T. Peach, Corp Mitchell, Benjamin, 2nd Philip T. Woodfin, Jr., Corp Morriss, Stephen D Samuel Roads, Musician ^^i'^^- Gamaliel H Norcross, William O Armstrong, Thomas Nourse, Frederick A Bailey, James S., Jr Peachey, William Besson, Philip, Jr Pepper, James T Boston Blackler, William T Pierce, Frank Lynn Blaney, Elias Russell, Richard F Marblehead Blaney, William Russell, William Bliss, George H Smith, George A Brooks, Melvln M Stever, Clark W Brown, John H Stone, Theodore Brown, William P., 2nd Walsh, Robert Butler, Samuel Webb, William Carroll, George H Lynn White, James F Chapman, Thomas R Marblehead Winslow, Charles E Gushing, Martin V. B Winslow, William H Minute Men of '61 241 William A. Fraser, 1st Sergt Henry C. Burrill, Sergt Compan}^ D, Eighth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of ^61 (Lynn Light Infantry.) Chartered in May, 1852. The warn- Emereton, William W ing to the members was begun at four Fales, Charles p.m., April 15, 1861, and they were Foster, George W ordered to appear at the armory at Foster, Samuel seven o'clock that evening. Next morn- Foxcroft, George A., Jr Boston ing a little past ten o'clock they left the Foye, John Lynn armory with seventy-three men and Fraser, Joshua H marched to the depot and with Company Goodridge, Henry H F took cars for Boston, and on arriving Hills, Edwin T proceeded direct to Faneuil Hall. Hixon, E'. Oswell George T. Newhall, Capt Lynn ^0^*' Wheelwright Thomas H. Berry, 1st Lieut "^^^^'' ^^^^^ ^ Elbridge Z. Saunderson, 2nd Lieut ^^'^^' ^"^"^^ ^ Charles M. Merritt, 3d Lieut Kelley, James D Kimball, Edwin H Kincaid, Alonzo , .,, . Lambert, Daniel William H. Merritt, Sergt Lougee, John E George E. Palmer, Sergt Macomber, Horatio E Daniel Raymond, Corp Martin, John M Henry C. Conner, Corp Merritt, George G Thomas J. Pousland, Corp Mudgett, Isaac N William H. Keene, Corp Newhall, Henry A James 0. Clarrage, Musician Nichols, Nathan A Alley, James D Noonan, Daniel Andrews, Oscar D Oliver, Harrison Atkinson, Charles O Oliver, Stephen A Bailey, George W Patten, John B Bartlett, Alonzo W Patten, Thomas P Bates, Lewis H Peirce, Levi M Berry, William H Reed, Samuel A Besse, Francis E Remick, Samuel D Carpenter, Henry A Sanborn, Joseph R Caswell, William Smith, Frank M Cilley, John W Sweetser, Charles H Clement, Oscar H Tarr, John S Coe, John T Trask, Israel A Curtis, George Wentworth, Ruf us O Dudley, Alonzo G Whitney, Joseph A. P Elder, Josiah L Williams, J. Henry Boston 242 Minute Men of '61 Compan}^ E, Eighth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (Beverly Light Infantry.) COMPANY E, EIGHTH REGIMENT. Ferguson, Charles H Organized in 1814. Upon the call of Friend, William A the Governor January 4, 1861, a full Gaven, Thomas company immediately responded and Glidden, Ezra A upon his order of April 15, which was Goodridge, George H received on the evening of that date at Goodridge, Samuel, Jr Manchester 6.15 o'clock, seventy-four men met at Gordon, Samuel Hallowell, Me. the armory at eight o'clock the next Grant, William B Beverly morning, and reported in Boston at Hammond, Daniel W twelve o'clock the same day. Hale, Henry A. Haskell, Francis P Manchester Hitchings, Josiah T Beverly Francis E. Porter, Capt Beverly Holden, George C John W. Raymond, 1st Lieut Homans, Charles S Eleazer Giles, 2d Lieut Larcom, Henry P Albert Wallis, 3rd Lieut Lee, Samuel O Moses S. Herrick, 4th Lieut Lord, Charles A Henry P. Woodbury, 1st Sei'gt Masury, John W Reuben Herrick, Jr., Sergt Meehan, Arthur Alfred Porter, Sergt Mitchell, Charles W Benjamin F. Herrick, Sergt Moses, John E Samuel Bell, Corp Mowett, George A Hugh J. Munsey, Corp Neville, John George R. Sands, Corp O^^^^'- Edward H John Low, Corp Pedrick, Moses A George W. Tucker, Musician Pickett, George H Piper, John F Allen, Charles R Prince, Geo. W Andrews, William A Poland, William H. B • Blake, Jesse A Rogers, Joseph S. S Blanchard, Andrew J Scott, Godfrey Blanchard, William H Smith, Thomas J., Jr Brown, James Smith, William I Brown, Thomas D Stone, Joseph G Choate, William E Story, Charles Cleaves, William A Southwick, Edwin Currier, Frederick A Teague, William A Darling, Charles L Boston Trask, Amos B Dean, John Beverly Trask, Ehenezer Dennis, John H Wallis, Frederick A Dennis, Leonard G Warren, William H Dodge, Alonzo P Warren, William W Dodge, Benjamin F Webber, Sherebiah S Minute Men of '61 243 Company F. Eig'hth Massachussets Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (City Guards.) At 3.30 o'clock on the afternoon of Gilbert, John , April 15, 1S61, Captain Hudson received Griffin. William H. . . ] orders to appear with his company in trover Benjamin P i Harraden, Charles O Boston at nine o'clock the next fore- Harris Edward noon; at seven o'clock the armory was Hiller, Edward L filled with an eager and excited crowd, Hunnewell. Francis I eager to volunteer. At 10.45 the next InpHs. ^^^^ner . . I .,, „ „ ^, ^ ^^ Johnson, ^athanlel morning, with Company D, they started Johnson Samuel ' for Boston, and on arrival at once Kelley, Daniel W j marched to Faneuil Hall. Kimball, Josiah F Kimball, Moses [ James Hudson, Jr., Capt Lynn Lake, Calvin H ^ : „ , 1 A /-(i, ji -. i- T ■ i. Laliorda, James S Edward A. Chandler, 1st Lieut Luscomb, Murrav Henry Stone, 2nd Lieut Mahoney, Dennis | Matthias N. Snow, 3d Lieut Martin, Robert P i Henry H. Pike, 1st Sergt McDavitt, William F ! n^^vo-^ AX7„++ o ^ Mellen, Andrew George Watts, Sergt ix^r j c i Mead. Samuel : George E. Stone, Sergt Moulton, Josiah F Timothy N. Newton, Sergt Murray, James A ; James R. Downer, Corp Nev^^ton. William S ; Joseph W. Johnson, Corp Norie, Alexander Jeremiah Towling, Corp Orr, Charles H George W. Harris, Corp Owen. Joseph i Edward D. Clarrage, Musician Payton, Thomas ; Pea body, Benjamin W ' Alley, .lames B Phillips, Daniel ^ Alley, Richard Pike. William J I Bailey, Samuel C Pratt, Daniel S ; Barker, Patrick Rand, Thomas B Baxter, John B Reed, Orison R I Black, James O Reynolds, James W i Boynton, Benjamin P Reynolds. Andrew T i Brown, Ezra W Rhodes, Isaac N j Brown, James W Rowe, George W ' Brown, William B Rowe, William B ] Campbell, George . Saugus Sargent, Albert '. ! Chase, Charles H Lynn Sargent. George W I Chase. John C Snow, AVarren i Cryon, Thomas Sparks, Urial Colunall, William Swan, George W Dalton, Frank S Sweetser. George W i Davenport, Charles Taylor, Henry i Davis, Newhall S Thompson, Samuel T I Dogherty, James B Tufts, William H I Donnelly, James E Tutt, Benjamin i Edwards, George Webster, Samuel Estes, Jacob S White, George F Flanders, Augustus B Wilson, William B Foster, John H Young, Hugh i 244 Minute Men of '61 Compan}^ G, Eighth Massachusetts Regiment Minute Men of '61 (American Guard.) Organized in 1788, and disbanded in 1849, and sprang into existence again in 1852. When the guns of Sumter reverberated along the coast in April, 1861, and the sound struck the shores of Cape Ann, it sent a thrill into every heart, and was increased by the order received at five p.m., April 1.5, for the Guard to appear in Boston the next morning and start for the national cap- ital, then in danger from traitors. Addison Center, Capt Gloucester David W. Lowe, 1st Lieut Edward A. Storey, 2nd Lieut Harry Clark, 3d Lieut Stephen Rich, 1st Sergt Alfred F. Tremain, Sergt Westover Greenleaf, Sergt William A. Marshall, Sergt Samuel Fears, Sergt Abraham Williams, Jr., Corp George L. Fears, Corp George Clark, 3d Corp Adolph F. Lindberg, Corp Allen, George B Bushby, William Carlton, George C Carlton, William F Carter, John S Clark, Samuel L Cookson, Edward Daniels, Joseph A Douglas, Johnathan Friend, Solomon Galvin, Michael A Gardner, George D Gilman, John E Gove, William A Gray, Charles H Hall, Charles A Haskell, Nathaniel .... Hinsch, John Howe, Augustus M., Jr. Jennison, Maverick M. . Johnson, John W Knights, Elias D., Jr... Knights, Edward Lovejoy, James W Martin, John W Matchett, Thomas Millett, Arthur C McKenney, William A.. Morey, Benjamin F Murphy, Peter Nye, Alonzo A Ober, John P Parker, John J Peroni, Paulino Phipps. Octavius Robie, George F Rowe, Edward Shackleford, George . . . Steele, Adrian Stevens, Robert Stevens, Charles L Stokes, Frederick Swift, Calvin W ■. . . Tarr, Samuel Utpadel, Herman Vincent, William Walker, Henry Williams, Henry Williams, John Witham, John W Woodbury, Joseph W. . . Wonson, Jabez F Minute Men of '61 245 Company H, Eighth Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (Glover Light Guards.) Organized in 1852. Was named in Clark, John W honor of General Glover, who crossed Dacey, Timothy J Lowell the Delaware with Washington. Orders Felton, Robert P Marblehead were received at five o'clock on the af- Girdler. Lewis ternoon of April 15, 1861, to appear in Goss, John R Boston the next day, and they left town Goss, William early the next morning and were among Graves, John G the first companies to arrive April 16. High, William F _, . „ , _ Ireson, Thomas E Francis Boardman, Capt Marblehead t u t> . Joy, Henry Boston Thomas Russell, 1st Lieut Johnson, Theodore Nicholas Bowden, 2nd Lieut Kane, James H Joseph S. Caswell, 3d Lieut Magee, .Tames Marblehead Edmund Lewis, 1st Sergt Mason, Joseph Isaac B. Wadden, Sergt McMann, John T Boston John T. Gebow, Sergt Mitchell, Michael Marblehead William H. Martin, Sergt Parrott, Joseph A Lynn David Burke, Corp Peart, George H So. Danvers Archibald S. Dennis, Corp Rhodes, Augustine, Jr Marblehead William Smethurst, Corp Ryan, John Benjamin A. Phillips, Corp Scott, William William H. Bartol, Musician Sheriden, James William H. Tucker, Musician ^"°^' "^^^^ Sparhawk, Benjamin O Aiken, Alfred Southwick, Joseph P Lynn Alley, Jacob H Sullivan, Marcus Saugus Bessom, William B Thayer, Charles G Natick Boardman, Joseph F Boston Tibbetts, George F Salem Brady, John Lowell Ward, Charles H Worcester Burke, James Lynn White, Augustus W Marblehead Calkin, Charles H Wooldridge, William 246 Minute Mkn of '61 Company J, Eightli Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 The Salem L,ight Infantry, now desig- nated as Company H, Eighth Regiment Infantry, M.V.M., was organized in 180G. The Charter was signed by His Excel- lency Governor Caleb Strong, on Febru- ary 22. The Organization was com- pleted in May, when the action of the Governor was confirmed by the Execu- tive Council, and the first parade was made under Captain John Saunders on July 4. The Company made a fine appearance in its new uniform, which is thus de- scribed: "Short blue coat, white cashi- mere waistcoat and pantaloons, the coat faced with superfine scarlet broadcloth, with small, flat, double-gilt buttons, and the button-holes ornamented with gold vellum; blue straps on the shoulders edged with red; skirts faced with scar- let cashimere; the pockets to slant with the fold of the coat; the skirts and welts edged with red; four buttons on each welt; the cuffs scarlet, with four large gilt buttons." "Pantaloons edged and seamed with scarlet." "Gaiters of black broadcloth with buttons covered with the same and edged with scarlet." "Square-toed shoes." "White cotton cambric handkerchief, over which a black silk stock, tied be- hind so as to cover three-fourths of the handkerchief, leaving the upper part bare." "Plain shirt with plaited bosom, made full." "Grecian cap witli brass crest, and red hair falling down on the right side, cap bound with scarlet, and a scarlet bandeau to go round the cap, orna- mented with gold cord, a black cockade, yellow eagle, yellow button and gold cord loop. In front of the cap, the k ters in cypher S.L.I." "The belt for the cartridge box and bayonet of white leather." "The cartridge box highly polished and brass star in the centre." "The canteen blue, edged with red, the initials of the company on one side,. and the initials of the soldier's name on the other." "The knapsack of sealskin, with red straps, and bound with red leather." For commissioned officers: "Gold epauletts, boots, side arms and sash." Sergeants to wear a "gold lace knot on the shoulder, and a hanger." „^ The Salem Gazette referred to their first appearance in most complimen- tary terms, and prophetically referred to the possibilities "if ever called into active service," now one hundred years ago. The Company answered the alarm calls of "British landing on the neck" during the War of 1812-15, and had a section of artillery of two brass pieces, "with twenty pike men to each gun." It was the first volunteer company to provide itself with an encampment, pur- chasing the tents from a prize cargo brought into Salem. This encampment consisted of a Headquarters marquee, circular in form, with a scalloped can- vas fringe, bound with red under the eaves, and surmounted with a gilt ball with a staff fiying a burgee with a cir- cle of stars enclosing the letters S.L.I. on a blue field. Two square tents, one the N.C.O., and the otier used as a kitchen, and six line "bell" tents, with a sod cloth eighteen inches deep, each tent sur- mounted with a ball. The tent poles were blue, supporting a circular table. Minute Men of '61 247 also painted blue, with elongated duck camp stools in plenty. In 1813 it banqueted Commodore Bainbridge of the United States Frig- ate Constitution at Hamilton Hall, when a salute was fired from a full-rigged model of the ship, which was suddenly disclosed, at the announcement of the toast, "The American Navy." This ship is preserved in the Peabody Museum in East India Marine Hall. Soon after the War of 1812 it organ- ized a band which it maintained for twenty years. In 1813 it took part in the funeral obsequies of Captain Lawrence and Lieutenant Ludlow, victims of the en- counter between the Chesapeake and the Shannon. Did escort duty at the reception of the Marquis de Lafayette in 1824, and paraded in a similar ca- pacity on their visit to Salem of three Presidents of the United States, viz.: James Monroe in 1817, Andrew Jackson in 1833, and James K. Polk in 1847. In the first instance, Shillaber street was changed to Monroe street in honor of the event. It also paraded at the funeral ceremonies of the late Presi- dents, William Henry Harrison in 1841, and Zachary Taylor in 1850. Previous to 1830, it packed its bag- gage wagons, bivouacking from one to three days on the road, at different times, to inure itself to military duty, visiting at different times Wenham, Hamilton, Rowley, Ipswich, Newbury- port, Newbury, Lynn, Danvers, Glouces- ter, Beverly, Lowell, Andover, Medford, Chelsea, Cambridge, Marblehead, New Bedford, Boston and Providence, always at its own expense. More than once it marched to Boston, notably at the fiftieth anniversary of the Battle of Bunker Hill in 182.5, and again at the completion of the monu- ment in 1844. In 1833 it paraded in honor of the visit to Salem of the Hon. Henry Clay, and in 1834 at the great Whig dinner., when Hon. Nathaniel Silsbee, Hon. Rufus Choate, Hon. Daniel Webster and Hon. Edward Everett were present. Its fiftieth anniversary in 185-5 was celebrated with great pomp, Capt. James A. Earless being in command, with Capt. Edward Lander (father of Gen. Fred W. Lander) being in com- mand of the past members, which in- cluded representatives of the first fami- lies of Salem. It took up the Zouave drill in 1859, under Capt. Arthur F. Devereu.x, re- ceived arid entertained the famous Ells- worth Zouaves (pupils of Devereux in Chicago), in 1860, and in April, 1861, gave an exhibition drill in Mechanic Hall before Governor John A. Andrew and a number of distinguished person- ages, which was characterized as "a marvel of precision and exactness." April 18, 1861, it left for the seat of war, in response to President Lincoln's first call for troops, in the highest state of discipline and drill, and was assigned as the right fiank company of Skirmishers, Company J, Eighth Massa- chusetts Regiment, and was known throughout the three months' campaign as the "Salem Zouaves." It was put aboard the United States Frigate "Constitution" at Annapolis, Md., by order of General Butler, April 21, 1861, and with the "Sappers and Miners" went in her to New York, leav- ing the frigate at the Brooklvii Navy Yard, rejoining the Regiment per steamer "Roanoke," and being the first troops to reach Washington by water, outsteaming her convoy, the "Cam- bridge." During the War of the Rebellion it was three times mustered into the United States service, fiist, as de- scribed, under Capt. Arthur F. Dever- eux in 1861, second, as Company A, Fif- tieth Massachusetts Regiment, under Capt. Geo. D. Putnam, in 1S62-3, and third as the Thirteenth Unattached Company of Infantry under Capt. Robt. W. Reeves, in 1864. It also reported with full ranks in Boston, on the occa- sion of "Banks' Retreat," in 1862. Five other companies were raised by 248 MiNtTTE Men oif '61 past members, as follows: Company A, Twenty-third, Capt. E. A. P. Brewster; Company F, Twenty-third, Capt. Geo. M. Whipple; Company B, Twenty- fourth, Capt. Geo. F. Austin; Company F, Eleventh, Capt. John F. Devereux, and Company H, Nineteenth, Capt. Chas. U. Devereux. Five of its members earned the right to wear the star of a Brigadier, viz.: Fred W. Lander, Arthur F. Devereux, Charles L. Pierson, Charles F. Walcott and Charles A. R. Dimon. Of the seventy-two Salem Zouaves wbo served during the three months' first term, nearly all re-entered the serv- ice, and by a singular coincidence seventy-two commissions were issued to its members before the war was over, an average of one for each man. Seven were killed in battle, one each at South Mountain, Antietam, Fred- ericksburg, Cedar Mountain, Whitehall, Spottsylvania and Petersburg. Many others were wounded, some severely, and some met death in rebel prisons. It was represented by past members in the Second, Seventh, Eighth, Elev- enth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth Twenty-first, Twenty-third, Twenty fourth. Thirtieth, Thirty-third, Thirty fifth, Fortieth, Forty-first, Forty-eighth Fiftieth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth Fifty-ninth and Sixty-first Regiments and the Thirteenth Unattached Com- pany of Massachusetts Infantry, First and Second Companies Massachusetts Sharpshooters, Fourth and Fifth Mass- achusetts Light Batteries, First, Second ■and Fourth Massachusetts Heavy Ar- tillery, First and Third Massachusetts Cavalry, First Massachusetts Battalion, Twenty-sixth New York Frontier Caval- ry, Second (Union) Louisiana Infantry, First North Carolina (Union) Volun- teers, First and Seventh Iowa Infantry, Eleventh Minnesota Infantry, Twelfth Maine Infantry, Fourth Wisconsin In- fantry, Seventh, Fifty-third and One Hundred and Seventy-eighth New York Infantry, Sixth and Eleventh New Hampshire Infantry, First United States Volunteers (reconstructed rebels), Ul- man's Brigade of Colored Troops, Ninth Corps d'Afrique, Eighty-first Colored In- fantry, Seventh Squadron Rhode Island Cavalry, a Rhode Island Battery of Light Artillery, First Louisiana En- gineers, Texas Independent Cavalry, Coast Defence Battalion, and the United States Regulars. Also in the Second, Fifth, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Twelfth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth Army Corps, the Engineers and Pontonier Corps, Signal Corps, and the Adjutant Gener- al's, Quartermaster General's and the Commissary General's Departments of the Army and in the Navy. The Nineteenth Massachusetts Regi- ment contained many officers and men from the company, which furnished sev- eral drill masters to this Regiment dur- ing its organization at Lynnfield, all of whom had graduated from the first three months' service, and eight of whom were subsequently commissioned in the Regiment. A new company re- cruited by Capt. Charles U. Devereux, first sergeant of the Salem Zouaves, was subsequently added to the Regi- ment, adding many more. They shared the hard service of this gallant Regi- ment, were promoted, detailed or wounded as shown by the following summary: Commissions received: One Colonel, one Lieutenant-Colonel, one Major, five Captains, seven First Lieutenants, five Second Lieutenants, two Assistant Ad- jutant Generals. Non-commissioned oflicers: One Ser- geant Major, one Color Sergeant, one F^rst Sergeant, five Sergeants and one Corporal. Details: Four Adjutants, one Assist- ant Adjutant General, three Assistant Infantry Generals and one Commissary of Subsistence. Of the five Captains, three were wounded and two were killed, the Lieu- Minute Men of '61 249 tenant Colonel, the Color Sergeant, three Sergeants and one Corporal were wounded, besides other casualties. In the Twenty-third Regiment, two Captains, three Lieutenants, five Ser- geants, and four Corporals were grad- uated from the Salem Zouaves, many of whom were promoted and some wounded. The Twenty-fourth, upon its organiza- tion, also had one Captain, three Ser- geants and one Corporal from the com- pany, all of whom were promoted, two of the Sergeants receiving Captain's commissions. The Assistant Adjutant General, Army of the Cumberland, also came from its ranks, with individual repre- sentatives in a surprising number of other organizations from other States, as already narrated, the whole forming a summary of service to the nation which can hardly be excelled if equalled by any other military organization. There is hardly a battle from Bel- mont to Gettysburg, from Fort Henry and Shiloh to New Orleans, from Peters- burg to Appomattox, where it was not represented by a former member. After the war, it resumed its place in the militia. In 1862 the Veteran Association was organized imder the command of Col. George Peabody, composed of past mem- bers, to fill the gap while the Company was in the service of the United States, which always paraded with full ranks on the various home-comings of the active Company, and rendered much valuable service, individually and col- lectively in many ways. It still main- tains its organization and is in a flour- ishing condition. It formed part of the escort to Presi- dent U. S. Grant in Boston in 1869, and at the funeral escort to the remains of the late George Peabody of London, at Peabody, in 1870. It took part in the observance of the centennial cf the Battle of Bunker Hill, in Charlestown. in 1875, encamped in Philadelphia during the Centennial Ex- position in 1876, and formed a part of the escort to Rutherford B. Hayes, Presi- Mac— N — N — N. . — . . — dent of the United States, at Boston, in 1877. In 1880 its 75th Anniversary was cele- brated in the usual elaborate manner, including parade, reception, fireworks, banquet and speeches, both the active company and the veteran association turning out in large numbers. In 1SS9 it attended, with the Regi- ment, the inaugural ceremonies of Presi- dent Benjamin Harrison, at Washing- ton. In 1892, it paraded with other organ- izations of the city, in celebration of the four hundredth anniversary of the Landing of Columbus, the Veteran As- sociation under Maj. George M. Whip- ple parading one hundred and seven members. In 1898 every member on its roll was a qualified marksman, and was so reported * in the official report of the Inspector General of Rifle Practice, for that year, so that on the breaking out of the Spanish War the same year, it was in a high state of efflciency, and was for the fourth time mustered into the service of the United States, return- ing from Cuba under the command of the son of a former commander, adding foreign service to its record. February 22, 1905, it celebrated the Centennial of the Charter by a banquet at the Armory, with the mayor and other invited guests. On this occasion a copy of the Charter was presented to the Corps. At the present writing, it returns from its camp duty, from the manoeu- vers at Westfield, Mass., including all the troops of the State, with a detach- ment of regular Infantry and Cavalry, all under the command of Lieut. Gen. Nelson A. Miles, U.S.A. (retired), with merited honors under the present com- mander, Capt. William H. Perry, who took his full complement to camp, and earned the distinction of being one of the best companies on the field. 2.S0 Minute Men of '61 During the century just closed (1905), it has furnished two adjutant generals and two assistant adjutant generals of the State, a treasurer and receiver gen- eral, a member of the staff of three Governors of the Commonwealth, a Sec- retary of War, several members of the general court, seven mayors of Salem, one of Lawrence, one of Lowell, and its members have illumined the Bench and the Bar. It has won distinction in both civil and military life, earned an enviable reputation in peace and war, and is to-day still in the harness of active military duty, (1908), as one of the best military companies for service, in the commonwealth. Arthur Forrester Devereux, Com- mander of the Salem Zouaves, in April, 1861, died in Cincinnati, Ohio, on the 14th of February, 1906, at the age of seventy years. He was born in Salem in 1S38, and v/as the son of George H. and Charlotte Forrester Devereux. His father was Adjutant General of Massachusetts from 1848 to 1851, and from him the son inherited his taste for military mat- ters. He married Miss Clara A. Rich of Haverhill, Mass. The subject of our sketch was edu- cated in tlie schools of Salem, Harvard College, and subsequently entered the Military Academy of West Point, where was laid the foundation of his military training, which subsequently reflected credit upon the nation, the State and himself. In 1854-5 he was in business in Chi- cago with a young man named Elmer Ellsworth, then unknown to fame, and was also Adjutant of a Battalion of the Illinois National Guard, commanded by Major Simon Bolivar Buckner, after- ward of Confederate fame, and later Governor of Kentucky. Ellsworth had enlisted a number of young men, called the Chicago Cadets, who w^ere desirous of entering the Na- tional Guard, and were admitted to Bolivar's Battalion, on condition that they put themselves under the tuition of Adjutant Devereux. In their back office on Sunday after- noons, Devereux imparted to the en- tliusiastic Ellsworth those early in- structions, which brought forth such brilliant results later. Devereux shortly after came East, was elected to the command of the Sa- lem Light Infantry, which his father had commanded before him. In his speech of acceptance, he referred to the Chi- cago Company, and immediately com- menced the work necessary to place the Salem Company on the same footing. In 1860, when the now famous Chi- cago Company were on their celebrated competitive drill tour, they visited Sa- lem for the sole purpose of visiting their old friend Devereux. They were received and entertained by the Salem Light Infantry, including a breakfast at the Devereux homestead. Three days later Fort Sumter was fired upon, and it was but natural that this company should respond for duty to President Lincoln's first call for troops. They were at this time Company A of the Seventh Regiment, M.V.M., but were assigned as the right flank company of the Eighth Regiment, and designated as Company "J." During the three months' campaign. Captain Devereux made his mark, and was selected by Colonel Hinks, Com- mander of the Regiment, to be Lieuten- ant Colonel of the Nineteenth Massa- chusetts Volunteers for three years, after the expiration of the three-months' term. All tactical matters were left by Col- onel Hinks to Lieutenant-Colonel Devereux, with a dozen of commissioned and non-commissioned officers, who went from the three-months' company into the Nineteenth Regiment with him. Fortune placed this Regiment in the Third Brigade, and Second Division, Second Army Corps, where it was kept for four long years, participating in all the battles of the Army of the Poto- mac. Minute Men of '61 251 Lieutenant-Colonel Devereux was de- tailed in various special ways. At Yorktown he built a signal tower of logs, under the fire of the enemy, and was otherwise occupied in the erection of the field works at that place. At Antietam he was wounded. At Fredericksburg, under the enemy's fire, lie ordered his men to lie down for protection. A staff officer ordered hJm to have his men stand up. Devereux refused to obey, unless it was his su- perior officer's orders. This order was obtained; Devereux imiDediately gave the order, "Attention." The Regiment stood up, a galling fire was instantly received by them, and the order was again given to lie down, and the staff officer rode away. At a banquet some years afterward, all of these officers met. The incident was referred to, and the Staff Officer, in a manly manner, said: "Colonel Devereux, I • wish to say in this pres- ence, that you were right at that time, and I was wrong." At Gettysburg, when Pickett'?; charge "broke through our lines at the copse of trees. General Hancock was riding near, when Colonel Devereux called his at- tention to the break, and asked if he should move in there. The reply was quick and to the point. All the colors of Armistead's Brigade were captured at this point, and a copy of the receipt for them to Colonel Devereux from Colonel Norman J. Hall, commanding the Brigade, is on file in the office of the Adjutant General of Massachusetts, having been forwarded by Colonel Devereux, with his official report to Adjutant-General William Schouler. General Hancock's official report men- tions the circumstances in plain, sol- dierly and commendable words, to Colo- nel Devereux's credit. He was brevetted a Brigadier-General, and after the war entered business in Boston, later moved to New York, and subsequently went West. He was at one time Governor of the Marion Branch of United States Homes for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, which was built under his supervision. Latterly he moved to Cincinnati, and was elected to the Ohio Legislature from this place. He was a man of strong individual- ity, and had certain peculiarities which were striking. His presence was felt. Though somewhat of a lymphatic tem- perament, he was quick in thought and decided in action, and once feeling as- sured that he was right, neither argu- ment nor influence could change him. Morally, he was intensely a man of honor and sometimes stood alone, upon his own merit, and the foundation of his own sense of right "as God gave him to see the right." He was loyal to his superiors, fair to his equals, and just to his subordinates. He despised calumny, and any attempt to injure another, by innuendo, misrep- resentation or false charge, called fortJi all the ire of his nature, and a wrong once perpeti-ated, all the force of his. being was called into requisition to cor- rect it, if in his power to do so, and if not, his indignant protest was mani- fested in no mistaken terms. These qualities made him a leader, re- spected by those whose mission it was to follow him. As a tactician he was clear-headed, original, and commanded by his im- pressive presence, even when his tongue was silent. Discipline was innate in his own make-up, and was transmitted nat- urally, with little apparent effort, and was correspondngly tenacious and en- during, wherever he commanded. 4U through his life his heart re- mained with those with whom he served, though separated by a distance of hundi'eds of miles, and a span of years covering two-thirds of his life. No gathering of his comrades occurred within his knowledge, without bringing his eloquent and heartfelt good cheer, no matter how great the distance, and his name and signature always acted like a talisman. When present he lived his life all 252 Minute Men of '61 over again. He was fruitful in reminis- cence, and freely and frankly opened up his heart, especially during his youth, and one hears from his own lips the true version of the "white horse of Gore Hall," while at Harvard, and of "6enny Havens 01" at West Point, and discov- ers that he took a hand in both. He was a companion, most compan- ionable, was fond of music and doted on the "songs we used to sing." From a martinet when on duty, as soon as the line was broken, he called his boys about him, and beseeched some one to "strike up." The commanding Captain Devereux and the lovable Arthur Devereux were one and the same to those who knew him best. History will record him rightly as a prominent figure in the nation's dark- est hour, and many yet live who will testify that to him they owe whatever military knowledge and experience they may possess, and he will be remem- bered when many great lights of the present day have been extinguished and forgotten. Roster Co. J, i^ight Massachusetts Regiment. Minute of '61 (Salem Light Infantry, or Zouaves.) Arthur F. Devereux, Capt Salem George F. Austin, 1st Lieut Ethan A. P. Brewster, 2nd Lieut George U. Putnam, 3d Lieut Charles U. Devereux, 1st Sergt George W. Batchelder, Sergt George C. Gray, Sergt Charles S. Emmerton, Sergt Alvan A. Evans, Corp Charles F. Williams, Jr., Corp John P. Reynolds, Jr., Corp Archer, George N Batchelder, Charles J Brooks, Joseph H Brown. Albert W Brown, Elbridge K Bruce, Daniel, Jr So. Danvers Carlton, John W Salem Chappie, William F Claflin, William H Cobb, Leonard D So. Danvers Crowinshield, Edward O. . . . Marblehead Dalrymple, Simon O Salem Dearborn, Charles A., Jr Derby, Putnam T Devereux, John F Dimon, Charles A. R Douglass, Albert C Driver, William R Beverly Field, Joseph W Salem Fowler, William T Hale, Henry A Hall, Edward A Hall, Henry S Boston Hitchings, Abijah F Hill, William A Salem Hodges, John, Jr Howard, Frank C Lake, David G So. Danvers Lakeman, John R Salem Lewis, Albert H Maiden Luscomb, Charles P Salem Luscomb, George W Mansfield, Charles H Moody, Converse Nichols, James W Osgood, Edward T Palmer, William L Perkins, Joseph A Plumn-er, Frank So. Danvers Pratt, Edwin F.. Salem Reeves, Robert W Ross, J. Perrin Ross, William H Shaw, Cyrus P Shackley, Moses So. Danvers Smith, Albert P Salem Smith, Frederick W Smith, Samuel H Stevens, Edward P Stevens, George O Stimpson, Edward S Swasey, William R Sweetland, Alonzo Symonds, George B So. Danvers Symonds, Henry Thorndike, Albert Beverly Upton, William B Salem Ward, J. Langdon Wiley, Sullivan J So. Danvers Wiley, William F Whittredge, Charles E Salem Minute Men of '61 2.53 Company K, FoB^tlr Massachusetts Regiment, Minute Men of '61 (Allen Guards.) Organized in ISfiO. Within twenty- Harrington, William F four hours after receiving notice, April, Hemminway, Elbert O 1861, this company was on its way to Washington via Springfield. Hemminway, Harrison ' Hill, Simon Adams , Henry S. Briggs, Capt Pittsfield Hopkins, Chester W Pittsfield i Henry H. Richardson, Capt Hu°hes. Daniel ' Robert Bache, 1st Lieut Joyce, Thomas • Alonzo E. Goodrich, 2nd Lieut Jordan, Dwight j Daniel J. Dodge, 1st Sergt Lee, John M Samuel M. Wardwell, Sergt Lloyd, Frank ' Israel C. Weller, Sergt Marks, Constant R '■ Charles R. Strong, Sergt Melany, Anthony ; Frederick Smith, Corp Mitchell, Wells B Adams ; Cornelius Burlev, Corp Mcintosh, Hobart H Pittsfield ; Albert Howe,' Corp McKenna, James ■ John Wark, Corp - McKenna, William .. : Edwin Merrv, Musician Montgomery. William H Adams , Montville, Mitchell Pittsfield Atwood, Andrew J Nichols, Abraham J ; Barnard, William E Oakley, Gilbert Hillsdale, N. Y. I Bassptt. Almon F Powers, Richard Pittsfield ' Bentley, Perry C Reed, George I Birge, Richard A Gt. Barrington Read, William D I Blinn, George Pittsfield Rockwell, William W i Blood, Clark D Lee Rouse, John T. D i Bonney, Harvey H Pittsfield Sampson, Orange S Huntington j Bonney, Nicholas Sedgwick, Irving Pittsfield j Booth, Dexter F Skinner, Frederick A { Burbank, George W Taylor, Charles H j Butler, Lafayette Van Loan. Lyman W I Clark, Charles B Adams vetter Jacob I Clark, William H Pittsfield y^^^ Abraham | Costello, William Whipple, Albert H 1 Davis, Charles H Whipple, Samuel P Cheshire | Dowd, John Adams whittelsey, Elihu B Pittsfield i Dodge, Emerson J Pittsfield wheeler, Richard Lee ; Fuller, Andrew J Woodworth, Charles L Richmond j Garrett, William H. H Wood, Thaddeus Pittsfield : Goggin, James Wright, Theodore S i Greelis, Robert Young, Hiram Tyringham ; 254 Minute Men of '61 s. Benjamin F. Peach, I^ynii, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Eighth Massachusetts Regiment Benjamin F. Peach, Jr., was born in Marblehead, Mass., October 17, LS39, and was educated in the public schools of that town. He responded to the first call for troops in April, 1861, and entered the ser- vice of the United States as First Sergeant of Company C, Kightli M.V.M., the" first compau}' that reported at the rendezvous in Boston, April 16, 1861, in response to the President's call for troops. He was detailed as Post Adjutant upon the seizure of the Annapolis railroad on the memor- able march from Annapolis to Washing- ton. Was detailed as one of the instruct- ors of the Fourth Wisconsin Regiment, and for special dut)' in other responsible positions. Was promoted First L/ieuten- ant of Company C, Plighth Infantry, early in 1862, and Adjutant of the Regiment in the same year. He .served as Post Adju- tant of New- Berne, N. C, in December, 1862, and as As.sistant Adjutant General of the .Second Brigade, Fifth Divi.sion, E^ight- eenth Army Corps, February, 1863. Was pron:oted Colonel of the P^ighth Massa- chusetts Regiment, Jul}-, 1864, then Iseing Ijut about twent^'-five years old. He continued in connnand of the Regi- ment after the close of the war, when he was commissioned Brigadier-General, Sec- ond Brigade, M.V.M. He was retired with the rank of Major General. Minute Men of '61 255 William Henry Keene, Boston, Mass, Minute Men of '61 Company D. Eighth Massachusetts Regiment William Henry Keene, was born in New- York City, March 12, 1840. Left New- York in 1S50 for Lynn, Mass. ; had com- mon school education. Was engaged as Clerk until Civil War, when he enlisted in Company D, Eighth M.\M., in lcS61, and went into service with that Regiment for first three months' campaign ; promoted to Corporal, continued in militia and went on nine months" campaign as vSergeant. Was elected Second Lieutenant and went into one hundred days' campaign. Resigned f /om militia February 28, 1868 ; engaged in shoe manufacturing business. Resided in Lynn, Mass., since 1850. Married in Lynn, Mass., February 5, 1873, to vSusan Harriett, youngest daughter of James M. Monroe of Lynn ; had three sons, two of whom are living, Paul Monroe Keene, Henry William Keene. Eldest son, Joseph Davis Keene, died June 17, 1902, age tw-enty-nine years. Minute Men of '61 Samuel H. Smith, Peabody, Mas?. Minute Men of '61 Company J, Eighth Massachusetts Regiment Samuel H. Smith, Company J, Eighth M. V. M., Salem Zouaves, April 18, 1861. Ordnance Sergeant Harper's Ferry, 1862, Color Sergeant, Nineteenth Massachusetts Volunteers, 1862, Signal Sergeant Third Brigade, Division Second Corps United States Army. Great grandfather in the Revolution and uncle was Colonel, part of the battle of Monmouth was fought on his farm. Had a grandfather as a Private from Salem, Mass., 1812 to 1815. A wound in the throat, June 25, 1861, near Richmond, Va.. caused a partial loss of voice. Joined G-A-R December 23, 1865, Post 34, General Philip Sheridan, Salem, Mass. Adjutant and Major, steamship, "Voda." Commander U-V-U United States 1890. Carried the flag at the de- parture of Company H, M.V.M., when they left Salem for Spanish War 1898, also Tenth Anniversary of Salem Ught Infantry in Salem, 1905, was Post Sergeant, Post 37, 1867. Minute Men of '61 Capt. JuiiiN p. Reynolds Minute Men of '61 EiRhth Mass. Regt., 19th Mass. Vols, and V. R. C. John P. Rejnolds, son of John Perkins and Sarah Rebecca (Roberts) Reynolds, was born in Salem, Mass., June 1, 1840, and was educated in the schools of his native cit}'. His paternal great grandfather, Volen- tine Reynolds, came to this country from the parish of Gulval, Cornwall, Eng. , and settled in Marblehead. During the Revo- lutionar>- War, he sailed in the I^etter-of- Marque ship, " Argo," and was cast away in her, when she was wrecked in 1783, just before peace was declared, but survived the disaster. His maternal great grandfather, Elijah Sanderson, was a member of Captain John Parker's Company of Lexington Minute Men, and on the evening of April 18, 1775, the evening before the battle, volunteered to watch the British officers, who rode into Ivcxington from Boston, and remained later than usual, thus exciting suspicion. He followed them, mounted, to Lincoln, when they turned on him, questioned him, 258 Minute Men of '61 and made him a prisoner, as they did Paul Revere while on his midnight ride, both being released at daylight, the British officers becoming alarmed at the general uprising of the people. His paternal and maternal grandfathers both served in the war of 1812. The subject of this sketch joined the Salem Light Infantry, Company A, Seventh Regiment, M.V.M., in 1859, and was a member of it when it received the famous Ellsworth's Zouaves of Chicago, in Salem, in 1860. Captain Arthur Forrester Devereux, who commanded the Salem Company, was the Godfather of the Chicago Company, being Adjutant of Simon Bolivar Buckner's Illinois Battal- ion. Klmer Ellsworth was Devereux 's business partner, and was drilled by the latter, the Company being known as the Chicago Cadets of Buckner's Battalion. He entered the service of the United States as Corporal of the Salem Zouaves, as the Company was then known, April 18, 1861, which was attached to the Eighth Massachusetts Regiment, as the right flank company, and designated as Com- pany J. He served through the first three months' campaign, participating in the removal of the United States frigate "Constitution" from Annapolis, to the Brooklyn Navy Yard, serving afterward with the Regiment at Washington, D. C, the Relay House and Baltimore, Md., be- ing detailed as drill master at different times to the Eighth Massachusetts and the Fourth Wisconsin Regiments. He was mustered out with his company on Satur- day, August 1 , 1861, the Company receiving a marked ovation on its return to Salem. On Monday, August 3, 1861, he was one of five selected from the Salem Zouaves as drill master to the Nineteenth Massachu- setts Volunteers, then rendezvousing at I/ynnfield, and was mustered into ser- vice Mvith that Regiment as Second I/ieu- tenant of Company D, August 28, 1861, He was promoted to First Lieutenant in Company G, November 29, 1861, served as Adjutant until March, 1862, and was pro- moted to Captain, February 27, 1863. He participated in the battle of Ball's Bluff, October 21, 1861 ; in the peninsular campaign, of the Army of the Potomac, including the siege of Yorktown and the battle of West Point, Fair Oaks, May 31 and June 1. Fair Oaks, June 25, Peach Orchard, Savage Station, White Oak Swamp, Charles City Cross Roads, Glen- dale (Nelson's Farm), Malvern Hill first, and Malvern Hill second. Also in Pope's campaign, serving at the battle of Chantilly on the staff of the Third Brigade, Second Division, Second Army Corps. At the battle of Antietam he was twice severely wounded, first by a bullet in the left ankle joint, afterward by a piece of an artillery shell in the right elbow joint ; favoraljly mentioned in the report of his Regimental Commander, and also in the report of Ad- jutant General William Schouler of Massa- chusetts, for the year 1862. He rejoined his Regiment for duty at Falmouth, Va., but his wounds still being open, he was obliged to return per a Surgeon's certifi- cate, stopping in New York en route to sub- mit to an operation. He again rejoined his Regiment at Mine Run, but was obliged to resign on account of woiinds, which became permanent. He went to Washington, ap- peared before a Board of Examination, and was commissioned by Abraham Lincoln a Captain in the Veteran Reserve Corps, originally organized as an appendage to the regular establishment. Under the Com- mission he served at Washington, D. C, Detroit, Corunna and Kalamazoo, Mich. , and commanded the Post of New Albany, Ind., District of Indiana, Northern Depart- ment, for more than a year, during the troubles occasioned by the treasonable Or- der of the Sons of Liberty, which disturbed that section in 1864-5. He was finally mustered out of service, June 30, 1866, after a service of more than five years. From 1868 to 1873, he commanded his orginal Company, the Salem Light Infan- try, now known as Company H, Eighth Regiment M.V.M. He was a charter member of Post 34, Department of Massachusetts Grand Army of the Republic in 1867, and was one of its original officers. He served on the staff of the Commander-in-Chief G-A-R in 1894, and the staff of the Department Com- mander of Massachusetts G-A-R In 1906, and is a member of the staff Association of the Commander-in-Chief. He is a member Minute Men of '61 259 of the Massachusetts Commandery, Mili- tan- Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, and has been Secretary of the Association of the Salem Zouaves since its organization. He is a Past President of the Eighth Massachusetts Veteran Asso- ciation, a Past President of the Nineteenth Massachusetts Regiment Association and designed its badge and the Regimental monument at Gettysburg. He is a Past Major, Commanding Salem Light Infantry Veteran Association, a Past Vice President of the Second Army Corps Club, a member of the Society of the Army of the Potomac. He is a Past President of the Massachusetts Minute Men Association made the design of and wrote the legend for the Minute Men's Association badge issued bv the Legislature of 1902, and has served as the Toast Master at its banquets every year but two since its organiza{ion in 1889. He is a member of the Essex Club, and was its Secretary for eight years from 1900 to 1908 inclusive, is a member of the Essex Institute of Salem, of the Patria and Fredericksburg Clubs, and several other organizations. He is the founder of Reynolds Escutch- eons of Military and Naval Service, for ex- pressing at a glance, on the army (or nav>') regulation principle, the record of an officer, soldier or sailor, which was first introduced in 1868. Since 1883, he has had charge of the appropriation accounts of the Military Department, and of the property accounts of the M.V.M., together with the Govern- ment accounts, in the office of the Adjutant General of Massachusetts, to the present time (1908). William B. Lemmox, Marblehead, Mass. Minute JNIen of '61 8th Mass. Corp. 10th JIass. Battery William B. Lemmon was born in Marblehead, Mass., October 18, 1841, enlisted in Company B, Eighth Regiment, M.V.M., April 15, 1S61, for three months, and was discharged August 1, 1861. He again enlisted as Corporal in the Tenth Massachusetts Battery August 16, 1862, to serve three years, and was discharged June 9, 1865, at Galloupe's Island, Bos- ton, Mass., by reason of expiration of term of service. The following list com- prises the principle battles in Virginia in which William B. Lemmon was engaged: Auburn, Kelly's Ford, Mine Run, Wilder- ness, River Po, Spottsylvania, North Anna River, Tolopotomy Creek, Cold Har- bor, Siege of Petersburg, Deep Bottom, Reams Station, Boyaton Plank Road, Hatche'sRun, first and second Lee's re- treat, and Lee's surrender. He is a Mason and a member of Philan- thropic Lodge, joining in 1864. He is also a comrade of John Goodwin, Jr., Post 82, G-A-R. 260 Minute Men of '61 Benjamin M. Alley. Lynn, Mass. (deceased) Minute Men of '61 2d 8th and 30th Mass. Vols. Benjamin Alley was born in Lynn, Mass. , June 9, 1828. Enlisted in Company G, Second Massachusetts Regiment, May 25, 1861. Served full term and mustered out May 28, 1864, Enlisted in Company D, Eighth Massachusetts Regiment for one hundred days. Discharged by re-enlisting in Thirtieth Massachusetts Regiment, September 30, 1864; served until close of the war. Was in the Grand Review at Washington, D. C, May, 1865. Full time of service, four years. Died July 7, 1886. Always from the first membership. General Lander Post 5, G-A-R. Frank M. Alley. I^ynn, Mass. . Minnte Men of '61 Sth and 23d Regts. Mass. Vols. Frank M. Alley was born in Lynn, Mass., January 10, 1837. On April 16, 1861, went into Boston to go with the Eighth Regiment of Massachusetts, but failing in that enlisted in Company C, Twenty-Third M.V.M., October 19, 1861, and served i'li Regiment Hospital and General Hospital departments at New- Berne, N. C; full service, nearly four years. Mustered out July 18, 1865. Since return home has been a very popular undertaker in Lynn, and is at present en- gaged in same business. A member of General Lander Post 5, G-A-R. The four Alley comrades are brothers, the only sons of John Alley, 4th, and Susan D. Alley. Minute Men of '61 261 James D. Alley, Lynn. Mass. Minute Men of '61 Sth Mass. Hospital Steward Sth Mass. 9 nios. James D. Alle}- was born in Lynn, Mass. , July 13, 1831; enlisted April 15, 1861, in Company D, Eighth Regiment, Lynn, Mass.; detailed as hospital steward at Washington, D. C, April 30. Served and mustered out on Boston Common, August 1, 1861, with the Regiment. Continued a niembep of Company D, and went into camp at Boxford, Mass., September 1, 1862. Served as First Corporal at New- Bern, N. C. , detailed, and served as ward- master in Regiment hospital during remainder of service. Mustered out with Companj- at Lynn, August 7, 1863. Two terms of service, one 3-ear and three months. In October, 1864, left Lynn for New York, from there took passage to New Orleans, by steamer to Brazor, D'Santiago, Texas. There joined Major W. M. D. Chamberlain, commissary of that post as his clerk, and left in July, 1865. For over twent3'-nine j-ears has been sexton and collector of the First Uni- versalist church, Nahant street. For many years a member of General Lander Post 5, G-A-R. Richard Alley, I^ynn, IMass. Minute Men of '61 Co. F, Sth Mass. Co. M. 1st Regt. Mass. H. A. Richard Alley was born in Lynn, Mass., December 10, 1838. Served in Company F, Eighth Massachusetts Regiment, from April 15, 1861, until mustered out on Bos- ton Common August 1, 1861. Again enlisted in Company M, First Heavy Artillery, Massachusetts Regiment, February 28, 1862. Mustered out July 5, 1865. Served nearly four j-ears. For several years past has been a member of General Lander Post 5, G-A-R. 262 Minute Men of '61 "1 Rupert J. Chute, April 15, 1861 Minute Men of '61 7 th and Sth Regt. Mass. Vols. Comrade Chute, one of the youngest of Massachusetts veterans, went to the front as " Captain's boy" with Captain Knott Martin, a Minute Man of Marblehead; afterwards enlisted as drummer in Com- pany B, Seventh Regiment, M.V.M., and served to the end of his term. He is a member of Post 60 G-A-R of Franklin; of the Boston Veteran Fusiliers, and is one of the editorial staff of the ' ' Bcston Tran- script. ' ' Rupert J. Chute (1907) Minute Men of '61 J. V. C. Post 60, Dept. Mass. G. A. R. Benj.-4.iMIN W. R. Ch.ase, Marblehead, Mass. . Minute Men of '61 Co. B, Sth Mass. Regt. United States Navy Minute Men of '61 263 Charles a. K. I^j^mha Minute Men of '61 Sth Mass. Brigr. Gen. U. S. Vols. Charles A. R. Diinon was born in Fair- field, Conn., April 26, 1841. Private Com- pany J, tighth Massachusetts, April 16, 1861; mustered out August 1, 1861; at Camp Chase, I^owell, October, 1861; organ- ized Thirtieth Massachusetts Volunteers; appointed Adjutant, and mustered in Feb- ruary 20, 1862. vService in Thirtieth Massachusetts, Ship Island, Miss., February, 1862; at siege and bombardment Forts Jackson and St. Philip, April, 1862; capture of New Orleans, April, 1862; first siege and bom- bardment at Vicksburg, Misi,s., June and July, 1862; battle of Baton Rouge, Augusi 5, 1862; promoted to Major, Second Louisi- ana White Volunteers, October 20, 1862. Service in Second Ivouisiana Volunteers, battle of Plains vStore, La., May, 1863; first reconnoissance toward Port Hudson, May 10, 1863; siege of Port Hudson, May 15 to June 30, 1863; first assault on Port Hud- son, May 27, 1863, and volunteered for storming party; second assault on Port Hudson, June 22, 1863, in command of Regiment. Discharged for disability June 30, 1863. Ivieutenant-Colonel, First United States Volunteers, (enlisted prisoners of war at Point Lookout, Md.), April 1, 1864; organ- ized regiment; Colonel, August 5, 1864. Service in First United States Volunteers, provost duty at Norfolk, Va., Februarv, 1864; expedition to Carrituck Sound, N. C, Jime, 1864; ordered with Regiment from Virginia to subdue Indian outbreak in Minnesota and Dakota Territory, Sep- tember, 1864; service in Indian expeditions in Dakota Territory until November, 1865; nmstered out with Regiment at Fort Leavenworth, Kan., November 28, 1865. Military Chief of Police in Mobile, Ala., in 1866 and 1867. Received commission as Brevet Brigadier General United States Volunteers "for gallant and meritorious service during the war," March 13, 1865. Commander of Post 42, G-A-R, LoM-ell, three terms. For last twenty-eight years agent of the United States Cartridge Company-, Lowell. Died Mav, 1902. John T. Coe, Oakland, Cal. age 15 in 1861 Minute Men of '61 Co. D, Sth ISIass. Admiral Porter Post 333, Oakland 264 Minute Men of '61 Col. Edwaru \V. Hixcks Minute Men of '61 8th Mass. Regt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol. Hdv. Ard W. Hincks was born at Bucks- port, Me., May 30, 1830. Engaged in newspaper publishing. Was at office of Governor Andrew when the call came for seventy-five thousand men and volunteered on horseback to carry the order to compan- ies in Middlesex and Kssex Counties. Sec- ond lyieutenant in Second United States Cavalrv, April 26, 1861; Lieutenant Colonel of Eighth Infantry, M.V.M.; engaged in securing the frigate, ' ' Constitution, " from Annapolis; Colonel, May 16, 1861; Colonel, Nineteenth Mas.sachusetts Infantry, Au- gu.st 3, 1861, and engaged at the action of Ball's Bluff, Yorktown, West Point, battles of Fair Oaks, Oak Grove, Peach Orchard, Savage's Station, White Oak Swamp and Glendale ( severely wounded) . Rejoined command August, 1862, and engaged at the battles of Chantilly, South Mountain and Antietam, (twice severely wounded). Brigadier-General United States Volun- teers, November 29, 1862; member of a general Court Martial. Commanding draft rendezvous and assistant to Provost Marshal General, and Superintendent Vol- unteer Recruiting, commanding district of St. Mary's, Md., and depot of prisoners, Point Lookout, Md., to April, 1864. Com- manding Third Division, Nineteenth Corps, Army of the James, to July, 1864; engaged at the action of Baylor's Farm and Petersburg, June, 1864; president of a general Court Martial, July to September, 1864; commanding draft rendezvous, Hart's Island, New York Harbor, Janua^-y, 1865. Brevet Major General United States Volunteers, March 13, 1865; Lieu- tenant-Colonel, Fortieth United vStates Infantry, July 28, 1866; Brevet Colonel and Brigadier-General, United States Army, March 2, 1867; retired December 15, 1870, on account of wounds in line of dut3\ Died at Cambridge F'ebruary 14, 1894. Stuart F. McClkarn Minute Men of '61 Co. B, 8th Ma.ss. Capt. 4th Regt. Mass. H. A. Captain Stuart F. McClearn, Company B, Eighth Regiment M.V.M., three months' term, and nine months' term; Company A and Company F, Fourth Regi- ment, Massachusetts Heavj- Artillery; was mustered out June 17, 1865. For last twelve years has been President of the Minute Men's Association. Collector of Customs for the Port of Marblehead. Minute Men of '61 265 Frank Hitchings, Salem, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Sth Mass. Sergt. 19th Regt. Mass. Vols. Born in Salem, Mass., October 28, 1841, en]i.sted in the Salem I^ight Infantry (vSalem Zouaves) on April 17, 1861, the evening before the departure for the seat of war, and served in the three months' campaign, and mustered out August 1 1861. Re-enlisted as Corporal of Company H, Nineteenth Massachusetts Volunteers, October, 1861, promoted to Sergeant in August, 1862, and was severely wounded at the battle of Fredericksburg on the after- noon of the third day, and was discharged for disability July 25, 1863. He was one of those detailed to remove the United States Frigate " Constitution " from Annapolis to the Brooklyn Navy Yard, participated in the battles 'of York- town, West Point, Fair Oaks 2d, Peach Orchard, Savage vStation, White Oak Swamp, Glendale, Malvern Hill, Malvern Hill 2d, Chantilly, Antietam. The Cross- ing of the Rappahannock before Fred- ericksburg, December 11, and the battle of Fredericksburg December 13, 1862. He is a member of the G-A-1 Post 34, of Salem, having joined in 1867. For the past thirty years has been employed as an officer of customs, the last twenty-two of which has been as special deputy collector. t,ORENzo Freeman 1,innell, Roslindale, Minute Men of '61 I.t. Co. C, Sth Mass. JIass. Born in Portland, Me., January 13, 1823. He learned the carpenter trade and in 1847 went to Marblehead, Mass., to live. At the time of the first call for three months' troops by President Lincoln, he was Third I^ieutenant of Company- C, Eighth Regiment, at Marblehead. Re- sponding to the call he accompanied the command to Washington where he was mu,stered in as First Ueutenant of Com- pany C. At the second call for nine months' men he again went to the front as First Lieu- tenant having formed with Captain Graves a new Company, taking the place of the old Company C, and given the same letter in the Eighth Regiment. The command was sent to New-Berne, N. C, the Regiment being cut up for guard duty. Lieutenant Linnell was stationed near Fort Totten, one of the Regimental Companies being in the Fort. He went on an expedition and formed junction with Colonel Jones. Thev drove the rebels back and returned to' cainp. Later the Lieutenant was taken sick and sent to General Hospital unable for duty for about two months. Was mustered oitt of service August 7, ]863r 266 Minute Men of '61 Capt. Knott v. Martin Minute Men of '61 Sth Mass. 23d Mass. 53d Mass. 5''th Mr.ss Captain Knott V. Martin was born in Marblehead, Mass., July 11, 1820, and died there August 26, 1898. He was Cap- tain of Company C, Eighth Regiment, M.V.M., during the three months' cam- paign. He was made Captain of Company- B, Twenty-Third Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, November 11, 1861, and served with distinction iintil his resignation May 20, 1863. He re-enlisted February 24, 1864, in the Fifty-Kighth Massachiisetts Volunteers, was transferred to the Fifty- Ninth Massachusetts Volunteers, and while First Sergeant of Compau)' K was wounded June 3, 1864, and was promoted Second Lieutenant October 7, 1864. Since the war he has been elected three times to the Legislature, has served as Postmaster of Marblehead for sixteen years, and has been honored with other evidences of the respect of his fellow citi- zens. He was loj.al to the veterans under all circumstances and they revere his memory. Andrew Elwell, Gloncester, Mass. Minnte Men of '61 Sth Mass. Col. 23d Regt. Mass. Vols. Colonel Andrew Elwell, was a descend- ent, eighth generation, of Robert Elwell, who came to Gloucester from Salem about 1642. He was the son of Samuel Elwell, who, when a young man, lost his right hand by the bursting of a gun, in firing a salute on l)oard a privateer, and who died at Gloucester September 28, 1868, at the age of seventy-eight ^ears. At the breaking out of the rebellion he held the position of Major in the Eighth M.V.M., and served three months in 1861, being promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel. Soon after the return of the Eighth Regiment he was commissioned Major of the Twenty-Third Regiment, then in camp at Lvnnfield and about to leave the state for three years' service. Mtistered in September 28, 1861, and left the state November 11, being attached to the Btirn- side expedition to North Carolina, and took part in the closing scenes of the Rebellion in Virginia in 1864. Was en- gaged in the battles of Roanoke Island, New- Bern, and Rawles Mills in 1862; Kingston, Whitehall, Goldsboro, Wilcox' Bridge, and Winton in 1863; Smithfield, Heckman's Farm, Arrowfield Church, Drury's BlulT, Cold Harbor and the battles before Richmond in 1864. Commissioned as Major, October 24, 1861; promoted Lieutenant-Colonel and Colonel, Discharged on expiration of service, Sep- tember 28, 1864. Died May 16, 1903. Minute Men of '61 267 George A. Foxcroft Minute Men of '61 Co. D. Sth Mass. Co. F. 24th Mass. Regt. Born in Dedliam, October 12, 1841. The proudest moment in the life of Comrade Foxcroft came to him on April 17, 1861, when under the roof of old Faneuil Hall he took off his citizen's clothes and put on in exchange the tall bear-skin hat, the red coat with white cross-belts, the black pants with a white side stripe, all belonging to a member of the Lytin Light Infantry, who, at the last moment was obliged by his father to withdraw, and went home wear- ing P'oxcroft's clothes. He was one of the youngest volunteers for the three months' campaign in the Eighth Regiment. Comrade Foxcrofts remained with this Ivynn Company, under the command of Captain George T. Newhall, forming part of the Eighth Massachusetts Regiment, during the three months' campaign and soon after being mustered out, he re-en- listed for three years in the Twentj'-Fourth Massachtisetts Regiment in the Company commanded by Captain Robert F. Clark. Foxcfort descended in a direct line from Colonel Francis Foxcroft. who fought in King Phillip's War, and who was a mem- ber of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Commander}- as long ago as 1679. Has the honor of belonging to E. W. Kinsley- Post 113 G-A-R ; the Massachusetts Minute Men of '61 ; the Massachusetts Roanoke Association ; the Massachusetts Society Sons of the Revolution ; the A. and H. A. Company. He is also a life member of all the Masonic bodies up to and including the Thirtv-Second degree. His" death occurred May 25, 1907, of heart faihtre. ( )n the evening of his death he enjoyed his after dinner cigar, and then sat down to a game of cards with members of his family, and shortly after, caltuly passed away. Gkok(;k T. Ne\vh.\ll Minute Men of '61 Capt. Sth Ma.ss. Regrt. Captain George T. Newhall was born in L/ynn, Mass., December 22, 1831. He was descended in direct line from Thomas Newhall, the first white child born in L/ynn. He entered the United States ser- vice April 15, 1861, as Captain of Company D, Eighth Massachusetts Volunteer Militia, and served throtigh the three months' campaign. In September, 1862, he again entered the service as Captain in same Regiment for nine months, and was nearly twenty years editor and publisher of the Lvnn Transcript.'''' Mustered out August l', 1863. Died Jtily, 1896. 268 Minute Men of '61 He went to California in 1868, where he , lived the remainder of his life, he died in April, 1905, in Sacramento, California. i 1 ■! Albert C. Don, las. Salem. :\Iass. Minute Men of '61 Co. J. Stli Ma.s.s. Sergrt. Co. H, 19th Mas.s. Vols. Born in Salem, 1842, a member of the Salem L/ight Infantry, afterwards known as the Salem Zonaves Company- J, Eighth Masaschusetts Regitnent. Upon President lyincoln's first call for seventy-five thou- sand men April, 1861, the company- offered their services and were accepted. Private Douglas, although ph3'sica]ly delicate was determined to go with his compau}', and his personal courage enabled him to be ever ready for every duty. Was in service with the Massachusetts Minute Men of '61. He re-enlisted in Company H, Kine- teentli Massachusetts, for three years of the war, was in all the battles with that Regiment, on the Peninsular and later went as Sergeant of Company H, when the Nineteenth re-enlisted , after two years of service they came home on thirty days' furlough, came to Salem ; Sergeant Doug- las came with them as Sergeant-Major of the Regiment. Was afterwards sent to Washington by special order where he was on duty several months after which he re- joined his Regiment and remained with it until the}- were all discharged Juh', 1865. William Stuart Stirling, Bd-ston, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Sth Mass. Corp. 23d Mass. Serg-t. 62d Mass. Vols. William vStuart Stirling was born in Clarkson Toll, Scotland, July 18, 1841. Enlisted April 16, 1861, in Company A, Eighth Regiment, M.V.M., during the three months' campaign; discharged Au- gust 1, 1861; enlisted vSeptember 4, 1861, Company A, Twent\-Third Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers; promoted Cor- poral December 7. 1862; wounded at Whitehall, N. C. , December 16, 1862, and Cold Harbor, Va., June 3, 1864; discharged October 13, 1864; enlisted as Second Ser- ! eant, acting as First Sergeant March 29, 1865; Company D, Sixty-Second Regi- ment, Massachusetts .Volunteers; dis- charged Maj- 5, 1865; belonged to the Army and Navy Union while in existance; mustered in June 17, 1870, Post 49, G-A-R, Newbiiryport, Mass. Minute Men of '61 269 WiLLrAM H. Williams Minute Men of '61 Co. G, Sth Mass. and 1st Mass Rattery The following is taken from the war histor}' of Post 60, Franklin, Mass. Com- rade WilHam H. Williams was born Janu- ary 2, 1840, on ship in the English Channel high seas He vohuiteered April 15, 1861, in Compan}' G, Eighth Massachusetts Volunteers, Minnte Men of '61. Mus- tered out August 31 , 1861, and immediatel_v re-enlist^d in the First Massachusetts Battery. Was promoted to Corporal, October 30, 1861, and to Sergeant Febru- ary, 1863, in campaign under General Burnside ; and finally mustered out August 29, 1865, at Charlestown, Va., after close of the Southern Rebellion. During the war he participated in the following battles : Siege of Yorktown, Battle of \\'illiamsburg, ]\Iay 5, 1862 ; followed by Whitehouse Landing and Hanover Court House. The seven day's battle before Richmond, at Mechanicsville, June 29, and Malvern Hill, July 20, 1862. Afterwards at the Battle of Bristow Station, Second Bidl Run, Cromp- ton Pass, South Movtutain, Antietam, Williamstown, Fredericksbtirg, Kelley's Ford, Chancellorsville, Mav 1, 2, and 3, 1863 ; Gettysburg, July 1, 2 and 3 ; Rap- pahannock Station, Mine Run, Saunders Farm, Winche,ster, FLsher's Hill, Bethesda Church, Falmouth, Laurel Hill, Hatcher's Run, Cold Harbor, Weldon Railroad and Siege of Petersburg. During all this ser- vice Comrade Williams escaped serious injury except at second battle of Fred- ericksburg, where he was wounded in left shoulder. He was a strict disciplinarian, and prominent in Post 60, G-A-R having filled nearly every office in the Post. He died April 26, 1896, at Franklin. VETERAN'S MEMORY LAND Bx Comrade Rev. Edward A. Hortox^ D. D. (Dedicated to the Grand Army Ciub of Massa- chusetts) Tune, "Maryland, My Maryland" From out the past we hear thy voice, Mem'ry Land, O Mem'ry Land! It says again, "Make now your choice," Mem'ry Land, O Mem'ry Land! The call we lieard; our country sought The loyal heart, and that we brought; Still lives to us the victory wrought,— Mem'ry Land, O Mem'ry Land! The 'years are passing swiftly by, Mem'ry Land, O Mem'ry Land! But never can tliose young days die, Mem'ry Land, O Mem'ry Land! Around the colors still we s and, With pledges strong for native land; Again we meet the hostile band, Mem'ry Land, O Mem'ry Land! How dear to us is all you sive. Mem'ry Land, O Mem'ry Land! The comrade ties shall ever live, Mem'ry I>and. O Mem'ry 'Land! By all the heroes now revered, By friendship joys so long endeared,— To thee we turn when aught is feared, Mem'ry Land, O Men^'ry Land! 270 Minute Men of '61 Francis Boardman, Marblehead. Mass. Minute Men of '61 Capt. Co. H, 8th Regt. Mass. Vols, (deceased) Thomas Ellsworth, Marblehead, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. K, 8th Mass. U.S. Ship "Ino" & 10th Mass. Bat. Sergt. Benjamin ly. Mitchell (deceased) Minute Men of '61 8th Mass. I^t. 8th for 9 mos. 14- 4th Mass. H. A. William C, Knowland, Marble'iead, Mass. Minute Men of '61 8th Mass. Navy, also 8th M.V.M. 9 mos. and 27th Minute Men of '61 271 Elias Blaney, Marblehead, Mass. "Minute Men of '61 8th Mass. V. S. Navy, Corp. 8th Mass. 9 mos. : 27th .Samuel L,. Clark, Gloucester, Ma.ss. Minute Men of '61 Co. G. 8th Mass. Co. D, 32d Ma.-^s. Vols. John W. R.WMONn, Beverly. Mass. (deceased) Minute Men of '61 8th Mass. Regt. Col. 23d Regt Mass. Vols. BENJ.4MIX H. Phillips, Marblehead. Mass, Minute Men of '61 Co. B, 8th Mass. 10th Mass. Battery and Na\-v 272 Minute Men of '61 John R. I^akeman, Salem, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Sth Mass. I,t. 23d Regt. Mass. Vols. vSergt. Henry H. Goodridge, lyymi, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. D, Sth Mass. Regt. Frank L. Hall Minute Men of '61 Co. A, Sth Mass. Co. I, 30th Mass. James W. Nichols, Salem, Mass. Minute Men of 61 Sth Mass. Ser. Co. B, 40th Mass. Lt. Co. A,4th M.H.A. Minute Men of '61 273 -Benjamin a. Phillips. Jlai-blel.ead. Mass. Minute Men of '61 Corp. Co. H, Sth Ma-ss. 2d Mass. H. A. & U. S. N. George O. Stevexs. Salem, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Sth Mass. Sergt. 50th Mass. Lt. 13th unattached J< SEPH W. I-'iELD. Cambridge. Mass. Jlinute Men of '61 Sth Mass. ,=iinh and 5th Ma.ss. arid 5.^d X. Y. GE()K(;e D. c;.\RnNER. ("dducester. Mas Minute Men of '61 Sth :Mass. Co. C. 2.kl Regrt. Mass. Vols. Third Battalion of Rifles Minute Men of '61 (Three Months' Volunteers.) The following facts, in regard to the movements of this battalion, ha,ve been kindly furnished by N. S. Liscomb. Sergeant-Major : Orders were issued to the companies of this battalion to report to Major Devens on the afternoon of April 20, 1861, at Worcester. At five o'clock p.m. battalion line was formed in front of the City Hall and from thence, under escort of the Highland Cadets and the "Old Guard," they marched to Ihe Me- chanics' Hall, where they were leceived by Mayor Davis, who made an address appropriate to the occasion; after which prayer was offered by the Rev. Dr. Hill. Major Devens addressed the battalion, and the exercises were concluded with the singing of the "Red, White and Blue," and the "Marseilles Hymn." The battalion then returned to company quarters. At 9.30 p.m., battalion line was formed, and, escorted by the Old Guard and citizens, marched to the Western Railroad Station, and left Worcester about 10.30 p.m., reaching New York at eight o'clock Sunday morn- ing of the twenty-first. 19th. — Our three months are up, and all hands are talking of going homo. We can find out nothing about going. Major Morris says we must stay 'till the 19th of August, because we did not take the oath till May 19. Perhaps ho knows. He likes the battalion and will keep them as long as he can: but I think he has taken a poor way to do it. Some of us think we have seen enough of Fort McHenry. If we could go South we would be much better pleased. 24th. — Our battalion has suffered much from sickness — a kind of slow fever — twenty leaving this morning for home in charge of Lieutenant O'Dris- coll, who is unwell also. 2.5th. — General Dix took command. And order was issued to call the battal- ion together, and we were soon formed in front of the Major's quarters. Gen- eral Dix came forward, and spoke as follows: "Gentlemen, your time of ser-' vice expired on the 19th, and you are entitled to go home. If you say you wish to go, I will order your transporta- tion tomorrow; but I had rather you would not ask it tomorrow, or for the next five days. I will order it within ten days. You have done your duty, and more." That is the way men like to be talked to, and every man must have made up his mind that General Dix was a man, a soldier and a gentle- man. We were then dismissed to quar- ters, as each man was to decide for him- self whether he would go or stay. Now we know we were needed, we will see how each Company voted. Company A (City Guards), every man voted to re- main till we should be ordered home; Company C (Emmett Guards) voted the same; Companies B and D were not unanimous, and the next morning eleven from Company B and one from Company D left for home. We did not cheer them much, and thought if that was a specimen of their patriotism, it had grown small, or that they did not start with much. 29th. — An order was issued for the battalion to be ready to leave at six a.m. tomorrow for home. I will not try to tell hov.' we v.ho were off guard passed the last night at Fort McHenry; but morning came at last, and with all our luggage we took the steamer for Baltimore. We were in time for the seven o'clock train for Philadelphia; 276 Minute Men of '61 but, owing to an accident on the road, we must remain till seven p.m. at the depot. It was warm, it was hot, and such a day as I hope never to see again. At last we were off for Philadelphia, where we arrived at six a.m., 30th. 30th. — After much delay in procuring cars, wo started on cur way again. If possible it is warmer than yesterday — and the dust! How we long to get on to a New England railroad! Today -we were from nine a.m. till five p.m. in going eighty miles, but we are traveling on a special train. Would it not be fine to try one of the regular trains on the Camden and Amboy? At last we took the steamer for New York, where we arrived, after a pleasant sail of thirty miles, at ten p.m. August Ist.^ — About six a.m. we formed the battalion line, and marched to the Park Barracks, and about four p.m. we took the steamer City of Bos- ton for home via New London and Nor- wich. You can hardly imagine our feel- ings as we came on board. Everything looked better, and was better than wo have seen for a long time. What a change it had made with us! — some were singing, some joking, and ail seemed to be happy. After a delay of several hours in New London, so as not to arrive in Worcester before our friends were ready for us, we took the cars for the "Heart of the Common- wealth." 2nd.— Arrived in Worcester at ball past nine o'clock p.m. and found the whole .city with open arms ready to welcome us. Our friends were .<3o eager to see us that it was, some time befoi'e the battalion line could be formed. At last we were on the move; and, amid the cheers of the people and the show- ers of bouquets, we marched into the City Hall, where we were welcomed home again by Mayor Davis, who in- vited us to fall in and do justice tn what had been prepared for us. There was food enough for a regiment, and we were only four companies; but if we had only met the rebels and scattered them as we did the eatables in the City Hall, all Avould have delighted to do us honor. After a while we were again formed into line, and, escorted by the Home Guards of Rifles and Infantry, marched through Main street, returning by the way of Court Hill. The streets were splendidly trimmed. The SixtJi Regiment having passed through the day before, the display remained, and others were added. It seemed as though every one was trying to see what they could do to add to our happiness. We marched to the Common again. Mayor Davis made a short speech, welcoining us home again, which was responded to by Captain Sprague, acting major, who also read a letter from Major Devens, who was not able to be with us, being away on business connected with the Fifteenth Regiment, of which he was now the colonel. We again marched into the City Hall, after escorting Com- pany D, Captain Dodd, of Boston, to the Foster Street Depot, where we bade them good-by. We were then dismissed till the morning, when, August 3, we formed in Brinley Hall, and were mus- tered out of service by Captain John M. Goodhue of the Eleventh United States Infantry, formerly adjutant of the Third Battalion Rifles. Much credit is due our officers for the good order which was maintained by the Battalion during our whole term of service. December. — In looking back, I find that of the three hundred and nineteen men which composed the Battalion, more than one hundred have been sick Of that number two have died — Amos H. Gilbert and Eaton of Boston. Comp.any A, City Guards, have re- enlisted for the war in the following or- der: Fourteen as commissioned officers, nineteen as non-commissioned, two as musicians and five privates. Some of the others are all ready, and all can be counted in if needed. During the three and a half months of their service, the Battalion was under five generals, namely: Butler, Patter- son, Cadwaller, Banks, and Dix. Minute Men of '61 , 377 Company A, Third Battalion of Rifles, Minute Men of '61 • Fi:ei/D AND STAFF. J/aJor, Charles Devens, Jr., Worcester. Adjutant, John M. Goodhue, Worcester. Adjutant, Arthur A. Goodell, Worcester. Quartermaster, James E. EsTabrook, Worcester. Suroeon, Oramee Martin, Worcester. Sergea7it Major, Na-Teianiee S. I^iscomb, Worcester. Quartermaster Sergeant, George T. White, Worcester. Roster Company A, Third Battalion, *Burdick, Theodore Worcester Minute Men of '61 *BartIett, Charles S (City Guards.) Cummings, James M Caswell, Lowell . Organized in 1840. The company re- cheney, John M ceived orders to hold themselves in *Coes, Frank L R readiness, April 15, 1861, and on the Cutting, Elmer 20th left, with a full complement of *Curtis ' Geor-e M members, for Washington. Champney, Lewis 'c. ." WW '. \ ] '. [ [ [ [ ] ] ] ] [ *Aug. B. R. Sprague, Capt.. . .Worcester *Campbell, George S *Josiah Pickett, 1st Lieut Cunningham, Herman E *George C. Joslin, 2nd Lieut Cutler, Charles B *Orson Moultou, 3d Lieut Daniels, Henry W *Elijah A. Harkness, 4th Lieut ^' ! .' *Davis, Charles Edward W. Adams, 1st Sergt Dodge, Edwin L Walter S. Bugbee, Sergt ^'"'^' ^"''^^ ^ Upton *George A. Johnson, Sergt. ' ' ' *^''"^^' ^^^^^ ^ Worcester Charles A. Ward, Sergt Fairbanks, Charles F Green, Joel W *James M. Hervey, Corp Gleason, Thomas '. . '. Calvin R Harrington, Corp CIj,,,^ j^^^ g " • -g;^"^^ *George Burr, Corp ^ Worcester *Henry Matthews, Corp ^.„ \ a tt vvuicebter '■ Gilbert, Amos H William H. Heywood, Musician *Henry, Charles * James Stewart, Musician Heywood, William Aldrich, William H *Howe, Edward B Alden, Frank Hatch, George W *Bessey, Merritt B Kendall, Charles B *Bigelow, George P *Kendall, Herbert J Bigelow, Luther H Livermore, Albert A Millbury Bottomley, Bramley A Leicester Liscomb, Nathaniel S.. . . Worcester Bacon, Francis Worcester Mellen, Henry Bond, Charles H *McLane, James J Bradish, Harry T Upton ^^oen, Henry A. R 278 Minute Men of '61 *Morse, Edwin A *Sprague, Welcome W *Monroe, Charles H Starr, William E Mclver, David H *Thompscn, John A Newton, William L N. Bridgewater AVarren, George E Parker, Amos M Worcester *Watkins, Elbridge G Plmnmer, Francis J.... Wheeler, John, 2nd Hardwick Poole, Horace W * Wesson, Calvin A Grafton Pomroy, John W White, William B Leicester Pelton, Charles H Walker, Melville E Worcester *Steele, William R *Wagely, Louis Shaw, Chester B Wood, William H *Stoddard, Charles K Upton Wakefield, George Millbury *Slocum, James S Worcester i^Slocum, Samuel A *Re-enHsted Minute Men of '61 279 Company B, Third Battalion of Rifles Minute Men of '61 (Holden Rifles.) Organized in 1856. Received orders at eleven a.m. and were on their way at four p.m., April IS, 1861, to join the battalion at Worcester, leaving on the 20th. Joseph H. Gleason, Capt Holden Phineas R. Newell, 1st Lieut Edward F. Devens, 2nd Lt. .Charlestowa Samuel F. Woods, 3d Lieut Bai're George Bascom, 4th Lieut Holden *Isaac T. Hooton, 1st Sergt Webster Hiram P. Newell, Sergt Holden *Henry M. Ide, Sergt Worcester * James W. Stanley, Sergt *Ira J. Kelton, Sergt Holden Emery Rogers, Corp Artemas D. Bascom, Corp Worcester *Sanford E. Stratton, Corp Chauncey B. Irish, Corp Millbury Ammidown, Henry G Southbridge *Alexander, Leonard F Brookfield Ball, Warren J Holden Burt, Aaron B Sutton Brown, Justin W. Boylston Bowman, Henry H Leicester Baker, William E Worcester Burnett, George Holden *Clark, Samuel Corey, George Cheney, Cyrus, Jr *Champney, Preston A Grafton *Childs, George E Upton *Clemens, E. D Webster Collier, John A Worcester Coburn, Nathan S Davis, Francis E Holden Earle, William H Worcester Earle, Enoch Fales, Henry Holden Fairbanks, Edson Rutland, Vt. Fearing, John Holden Firth, John Worcester *Fox, Charles J Newburyport Franklin, Edward H Worcester *Gee, James S. W Grafton *Gibson, Jacob H Leicester Hayes, Martin M Grafton *Hill, Charles R Holden Hobart, George, Jr Worcester *Howe, Hiram Holden Hubbard, John F *Irish, Chauncey B Millbury Lamb, Edward P W. Boylston Ladd, Henry C Holden Larned, George H Worcester =^Legg, Charles A Auburn *Lumazette, Francis Holden *Mann, Randall Leicester *McClern, William Burke, Vt. *McGaffery, Charles A Worcester Moses, Samuel A Holden *Moore, Charles S *Munroe, Edward E Paxton *Newton, Serino Oxford *Nye, William A Worcester " Panton, Maxie Holden *Piper, Alfred *Pratt, Edwin F *Preston. Samuel *Robinson, James D Leicester Rockwood, George W Worcester *Savage, John B Holden Sawyer, Alphonzo B *Scott, Jesse S Leicester *Shumway, Charles N Webster Smith, George A Holden Smith, John H *Stone, Emerson Leicester Thomas, Robert B W. Boylston *Trask, George ^ • Trask, Martin N * • Weston, John B Georgetown White, John D W. Boylston White, Frederic A Worcester Winslow, Edward C Northbridge *Re-enlisted 280 Minute Men of '61 Company C, Third Battalion of Rifles Minute Men of '61 (Emmet Guards.) Organized in 1858. This was an inde- pendent company. They received or- ders on the morning of April 19, 1861, to be prepared to go to Washington on the 20th with the Third Battalion, and on the 20th joined tlie other companies? at Worcester and at ten p.m. started for Washington. Michael S. McConville, Capt.. Worcester Michael O'Driscoll. 1st Lieut *Michael J. McCafferty, 2d Lieut *Thomas O'Neil, 3d Lieut Maurice Melavin, 4th Lieut *William Dajey, 1st Sergt "Tatrick Curran, Sei'gt Martin Hayes, Sergt Patrick Hayes, Sergt ( Nicholas Power, Corp John J. O'Gorman, Corp Geo. B. Chandley, Corp James Connor, Corp W. Boylston Edward T. Murray, Musician. Worcester Brazzill, Patrick Burns, James Brewer, James M Benn, Henry Wrentham Carroll, John Worcester Crimmen, John Leicester Collins, Michael Worcester *Conners, Jeremiah Deery, Patrick Worcester Duggan, James Downey, Dennis Worcester *Doherty. James Dunn, John Grafton Diggins, Patrick Millbury Donahue, Daniel Worcester *Empey, Robert Finnegan, Michael Milford Finn, Thomas Worcester Gavin, Anthony Hammond, James Hynes, John Hayes, Edward Hickey, William W. Boylston Harrington, Bartholomew. . . .Worcestei" Hartigan, John F W. Boylston Houston, Edw Jennings, Edw Grafton Kelly, Patrick Worcester Kerr, John Keegan, Michael Keegan, Patrick Kenna, Patrick Marlboro Kirk, John Leicester *Laverty, Joseph *Leonard, Martin Long, Jeremiah D W. Boylston *Moore, George Worcester Morrison, Francis *Morton, John Moian, James *McKeon, Michael *McKeon, Thomas Mclntire, Francis Philadelphia, Pa. McDonald, Michael Worcester *McCann, Felix *McConville, Henry McLane, John B *McHannon, James McLaughlin, Daniel McDonald, John *McDermont, Felix Auburn McGennis, Joihn Worcester McNulty, James Clinton Moriarty, John Millbury McKenna, James Woi-cester Murray, T. Edward Worcester O'Brien, John *0'Keefe, James Roach, Michael Shevlin, Patrick W. Boylston Shevlin, John *Ti'aynor, John Worcester Tobin, John Tobin, Michael *Ward, Napoleon *Re-enlisted Minute Men of '61 281 Company D, ThirdBattalion of Rifles Minute Men of '61 (Dodd's Rifles.) Captain Dodd commenced to recruit this Company April 19, 1861, and at noon next day had secured the requisite number of men, and the officers were commissioned same day. They left Boston, May 2, on the steamer "Cam- bridge" for Fortress Monroe, took on P arms and ammunition and proceeded to Washington. Albert Dodd, Capt Boston *Charles Dodd, 1st Lieut *Cornelius G. Atwood, 2d Lieut ''George A. Hicks, 3d Lieut Joseph Nason, 4th Lieut James Tucker, 1st Sergt Charles C. Pingree, Sergt Methuen AVm. W. Eaton, Sergt Boston Andrew Morse, Jr., Sergt Methuen John C. Gray, Corp Fi-yeburg, Me. Harrison O. P. Newton, Corp..Abington *Edward S. Lloyd, Corp Boston George H. Tanner, Corp Dennis M. Blackmer, Musician Armstrong, Robert, Jr Bridgewater Alger, Charles F Boston Abrahams, James W. Burke, John P E. Milton, N.' H. Bellows, Jay G W. Mills, Me. Boyden, Wm Boston Bowen, William J. . . .Ogdensburg, N. Y. Bowyer, Harrison Boston Burbank, Geo. L Briggs, Walter R Dedham Butler, Frank Boston Carlton, John C Berkley Cameron, John Hopkinton Dove, Edward Boston Draper, Geo Foxboro Eaton, Geo. A Boston Fisher, Edward O. . . .Bowdoinham, Me. Fuller, Amos L Medway Gray, Geo. S Boston Gray, Daniel B Fryeburg, Me. Gray, Angevine W Gray, Jacob P Gifford, Ellas M., Jr Stockbridge Harriman, Jonathan F. . .Conway, N. H. Haynes, Thomas Charlestown Howard, George R Brimfleld Healey, Samuel Sheffield Hemsworth, William T W. Roxbury Ingraham, Edw. A Framingham Kettelle, Geo. M Boston Kennison, Geo. B Hopkinton Kilgour, Hannibal C Boston Lee, Marshall Southboro Lowden, Thomas Boston Morrissey, Daniel Marshall, Albert A N. Andover Moore, Chas. D Boston Marsh, James H Auburn Messer, Alvin A Boston O'Neil, Wm. H Pillsbury, Oliver S..S. Thomaston, Me. Porter, Daniel P Boston Robbins, Milton B Bath, Me. *Richards, Enoch Boston Ring, John E Roberts, Edw. L Schulze, Henry F Cambridge Smith, Francis L Boston Stevens, Wm. H Bangor, Me. Starbird, John D Boston Sanborn, Jeremiah P Tracy, Henry A Tolman, Augustus P Tyler, John D Stoddard, N. H. Warren, Geo, W Hopkinton Williams, Chas Boston Wenzell, Phillip Roxbury Wheeler, Carlton A Roxbury, N. H. Winchester, Greenville H Boston Wilson, Jas. A Scarboro, Me. "Re-enlisted 282 Minute Men of '61 Geo. a. B. R. -Bprague Minute Men of '.61 Third Battery Rifles A. B. R. Sprague, born in Ware, Mass., March 7, 1827. Captain Company A, Third Battalion, M.V.M., April 17, 1861; Ivieutenant- Colonel Twenty-Fifth Massa- chusetts Infantry; Colonel Fifty-First Massachusetts Infantry ; Ivieutenant-Col- onel Second Massachusetts Heavy Artil- lery ; Colonel Second Massachusetts Heavy Artillery ; Br&vet Brigadier-General United States Volunteers. Minute Men of '61 283 William U. Boyliln, Sonicrvillt-, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. D, Third Battalion William B. Boyden enlisted April 25, 1861, in a conipan}- being formed by Cap- tain Dodd; left Boston on steamer, " Cam- bridge," for Fortress Monroe; took an ordnance, then went to Washington b}- way of the Potomac River, remained there one week; ordered to Fort McHenry with two other companies and formed the Third Battalion of Massachusetts Rifles, Major Devens in command, known as Compan}- D; remained until July 25, spent most of the time in remounting guns, then returned to Boston. Mustered out August 2, in Boylston Hall. Died Octo- ber 15, 190". Charles A. L,egg Minute Men of '61 Co. B, 3d Battalion, Sergt. Co. C. 1st Mass. Cav. Born in Boston, Mass., l^Iarch 14, 1840. Lived in Auburn, when President called for troops April 15, 1861 ; enlisted in W^orcester City Guards ; owing to a surplus of Recruits was transferred to Coinpaii}^ B, Third Battalion of Rifles, left Worcester April 20, at ten p.m., for Washington. The ovation the}' received in New York City, when they arrived at eight a.m., was an event long to be remembered. They were camped at Fifth Avenue Hotel where they had breakfast and dinner and spent part of the day in Seventh Regi- ment Armory. Marched to wharf in the afternoon and embarked on steamship for Annapolis, where they were on dut}- some weeks, thence to Fort McHenry the balance of their term, and were mustered out at Worcester, August 3. September 17, he again enlisted in Company C, First Massa- chusetts Cavalry for three years. Was with his Company all through the war, re-enlisted January 1, 1864, made a Sergeant May 16, same year, afterwards Companies C and D, of our Regiment, was detailed at General Medd's headquarters of Army of the Potomac for escort and orderlj' duty ; was made Color Sergeant and carried ' ' Old Glory, ' ' until the close of the W^ar at Appomattox. 284 MiNUTIC MliN" OI'" '61 Ki)iti:K 1 1!. Thomas, liiooklyii, N. Y. Miiiulc Men of '61 Co. 1!, .hI liMttiry Rifles, Co. C, ,S,^(1 M.iss. Vols. Robert H. 'riionuis was horn Deceiiihcr 27, 1S37, served first in Company B (Hol- sburg Post, 191. G-A-R ^GEORGE'Cutter.'Sonierville, Mass. Minute Men of '61 1st Mass. Battery James W.vttkrs. Sonierville- Mass. Miinite Men of '61 Bugler 1st Ma.ss. Battery, Band Master U. S. A. 306 Minute Men of '61 FORT KCIiENR^ MARYLAND >Ia7 1861. PHIEUT. JOSIAH PICKET! 2^ LIEUT. GEORGE C.JUSLIM. CAPTAIN A B.K-SFRAGUE COMPANY A. S"- BATTALLION RIFLES.M.V.M. WORCESTER CITY GUARDS '~m^ 4^":jtUl E.A HARKNESS 3^ LIEUT. ORSON MOULTOM. Minute Men oe '61 307 m ^ i,...,.j tmmmmKmmmm^^^^ MINUTE MEN ■^ r^r ^. rjQXJX "MINUTE MEX." The historian of the present day niav justly extoll and eulogize the Massachu setts IMinute Men of 1S61, because of their instant and piompt response to the first call of President Abraham Lincoln for troops in April. 1861, to suppress the rebellion against the legal and lawfully constituted government of the United States of America. For oh. how promptly they did respond, and form line of ranks, not waiting for uniforms, and gladly accepting the old smooth bore for arms, with ball and buck for cartridges. But what they did, and what they accomplished, directly and indirectly, otherwise than giving quick response, never has been, and cannot be recorded by the historian with any degree of full justice, if. indeed, it can be estimated. What though the old Sixth Regi ment of Massachusetts Volunteer Mili- tia, so justly termed Minute Men oi 1861, saved Washington, the National Capitol, and the approaches thereto, after passing tJirough the hostile city of Baltimore, Md., April 19, there receiv- ing and repulsing a cowardly attack from the foe. What though the pave- ments of the city of Baltimore were painted with the first blood of the war, the blood of Sumner H. Needham of Lawrence, Mass., and of Addison O. Whitney and Luther O. Ladd of Low- ell, and the blood of Charles A. Taylor, all of whom gave their precious lives for the Union and Freedom, as mem- bers of the Sixth Regiment of M.V.M., under command of its colonel. Edward F. Jones of Pepperell, Mass., who today (April 19, 1908), survives his valued ser- vices of war time. It is a sorrowful fact, however, to record that he is blind, and not able to meet his boys of war time with the same pleasure that you and I do. What though the old Third and Fourth Regiments of M.V.M., Massachusetts Minute Men, also of 1861. saved Fortress Monroe, Va., the largest fortress of the United States Govern- ment, and then the most important, whose heavy armament had been dis- mounted and stacked in the ordnance park, by order of traitorous officials, hoping to make the capture of the for- tress by the enemy an easy task, whose hopes were utterly blasted on the prompt arrival of the Massachusetts Minute Men. who almost immediately on theii' arrival proceeded to Norfolk, Va., and destroyed the Gosport Navy Yard, to prevent its being advantage- ously occupied by the enemy. What of all this and more by the men to whom, when they took their departure, on the expiration of their term of service, Colonel Dimmick, the regular officer in command of the Fortress, said in his speech bidding them farewell, etc.: "Next to Regulars, let me command Massachusetts Volunteers." What though the old Fifth and Eighth Massa- chusetts. M.V.M., Massachusetts Minute Men of 1861. occupied Annapolis, Md., holding and commanding the railroads. 308 Minute Men of '61 putting the badly disabled locomotives and rolling stock in serviceable condi- tion, in short, maintaining a new route and line of communication between the Capitol at Washington and the North, so as to get orders, supplies and re- enforcements, should other lines be ob- structed. History justly extoUs also the per- formance of important and timely ser- vice of two other organizations of Massachusetts Minute Men of 1861, the Third Battalion of Massachusetts Riflemen and First Massachusetts Light Battery. Again the writer asks, what of all this mentioned duty performed? It is not all that was performed by these men, neither did . Adjutant-General Schouler in his report to Governor John A. Andrews mention all, when he said: "They were the first to respond to the first call for troops by the President, the first to march through Baltimore to the defence of the Capitol, the first to shed their blood for the maintenance of our Government, the first to open the new route to Washington by way of An- napolis, the first to land on the soil of Virginia. They upheld the good name of Massachusetts during their entire term of service, etc., etc." The Massachusetts Minute Men of 1861 was composed of the Third, Fourth. Fifth, Sixth and Eighth Regiments of Massachusetts Volunteer Militia, also the Third Battalion of Riflemen and First Massachusetts Light Battery. The foregoing organizations, augment ed by companies properly and really as- signed from other MassacJiusetts Mili- tia Regiments, and by very many vol- unteers to their ranks while on the march, constituted the Massachusetts Minute Men of 1861. All of these mentioned facts may be found on histoi-y's pages, but the great and valuable importance of it all is quite impossible to pen or relate fully, certainly not in condensed form. Take, if you will, please, for consider- ation and thought, "the power of influ- ence of example," in promptness of re- sponse to call for duty; truly in this re- gard their quick response was mag- netic, for as the "Minute Men" marched along they were reinforced by volunteer recruits to their ranks in the streets, at the railroad stations and on the steamboat wharves. Can I go? asks one and another and another, addressing the nearest to them of the marching host. The answer was: "Ask the cap- tain," and the captain's answer was: "Fall in." And so he does "fall in," quickly catching step to the squealing fife and rattling drum. May be, if op- portunity offered, by some boy or man, he sent word to mother, sister or sweet- heart that he had gone with the "Min- ute Men." So he was "in it" and happy of the chance and joyous when later he received his smooth bore and cartridge box, and in ecstasies, if in season for the chilly night he received a U. S. blanket and stiff-caped blue overcoat that he might cover himself while ly- ing on the steamer's deck or the smooth hardwood car seat, where as many as one impolite fellow was smoking, and all expressing their eagerness to debark soon in "Dixie Land." Another instance of response to "in- fluence of example," and by the cap- tain's welcome consent, was that of Charles A. Taylor, who joined the ranks of Lowell Company D of the Sixth Massachusetts Minute Men. He was killed in Baltimore, April 19. History repeats itself, for it is record- ed that Minute Men of 1775-6 left their plow in the furrow in their hasty re- sponse to the call for the defence of the colonies. So also it is true tJiat in one of our Massachusetts Plymouth County towns, Halifax, I believe, on the morning of April 16, 1861, while one of the men of that town's Company (Company A, Third Regiment, M.V.M.), was hasten- ing to the early morning train, a clear- sighted farmer, plowing new ground, down near the meadow, hallooed to him as a country neighbor whom he recog- nized, and asked where he was going. Minute Men of '61 309 "Going to Boston," he replied. "We got orders in the night to be on the Com- mon at ten o'clock this morning." The plowman, turning his head and voice in another direction, called some one, and ■ordered the care of the team and plow, for he was going to Boston with the •Company. So saying he hastened to the fence on the roadside, and took his jacket from the fencestake, threw it over his arm and accompanied his com- rade of the same Company to Boston Common, thence to Fortress Monroe, Va. This instance of response to "influ- ence by example" can be verified, as the names of the parties have been an- nounced at one of the reunions of the Massachusetts Minute Men of 1861. POWER OF INFLUENCE OF EXAM- PLE. Following the legal election of Abra- ham Lincoln to the Presidency of the United States in 1860, and his inaugura- tion into that high and world-honored office in March, 1861, there were grave indications that domestic trouble was coming to our prosperous government. The greatest regret was that said trouble might be because of difference between the great Northern and Southern sec- tions of our dear Republic, just how, when or where, no one presumed to say, for the hope was so strong that there certainly would not be real war, and that serious differences would certainly be settled in some proper way to pre- vent a conflict of arms. And so, in suspense, hope and doubt balanced, for a comparatively few days, when sud- denly and like a lightning flash, the great cannons of war, manned by a mis- guided and ill-advised, hostile and re- bellious force, opened an intended and murderous fire at 4.20 a.m., April 12, 1861, upon Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina, then occupied by a small force of government troops. Like magic, or rather like electric, the first shot fired upon Fort Sumter prac- tically issued the first call for "Minute Men" from every loyal state. How quickly those of Massachusetts respond- ed, and what an influence was their example. Military men of the govern- ment most instantly and wisely conclud- ed that the short-term "Minute Men" could hold the military positions for a sufficient length of time for the govern- ment to enlist and muster men for a longer term of service, or during the war. And so it proved. But, what a rush in response to the call. Even for weeks after the "Minute Men" had left for and arrived at the front, so great was the response of men who desired to join the companies of their friends that had already gone, that Governor Andrew was fearful that there would not be men left in sufficient numbers to respond to the anticipated call for three years men. As a matter of fact, there were full companies of men and officers raised to join the regiments of their friends who had already gone forward as "Min- ute men." They reported to Governor Andrew in Boston, and were rejected for short term service, and told they would be received for three years term only. The reply was "that is all right, chalk us down for three years," and so they were "in it" as they said for three years, chance to travel, liable to pro- motion and found, or get shot. One Company was a little stuffy, and returned home on the late train, but they returned to Boston on the early morning train before any of their best girls saw them and accepted the Gover- nor's proposition. The writer claims that this rush of volunteers to service as soldiers, was by influence of the example of the "Minute Men of 1861." These conclusions of the writer are not from his own knowledge and con- clusions alone, but the opinion of very many others who were not Minute Men. My first term of service was as a "Minute Man," and when I left my vil- lage home, I left behind a large num- ber of chums of my age, and younger boys. I felt quite satisfied with myself 310 Minute Men of '61 as being the first one in my town to volunteer that was not connected with the militia, but when I returned after three months' service, I learned that all of those boys, with one, just one ex- ception, had gone into camp and en- listed for three years, or during the war, and the fathers of five or six of them had also enlisted with them. What did I do? Why, I did what aboat ninety-five per cent, of the returned "Minute Men of 1861" did; the rtxt day I went into camp and enlisted for three years, or during the war. "Iniiu- ence of example" was too great for uie to overcome, as it had also been fcr them. Comrades of Massachusetts, Minute Men of 1861, consisting of the old Third, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth and Eighth Regi- ments and Third Battalion of Riflemen and the First Massachusetts Light Bat- tery of the Massachusetts Volunteer Militia of 1861, when you returned from your volunteer service at the front in response to the first call, you little knew and even less realized the importance of your duty so well performed, but as time rolls on that service is more and more realized and appreciated by a grateful nation. Today, forty-nine years since you left your shop, factory or workbench, or farm, school, college, or store, law office, pulpit and parish, with no time to put the implements of farming into the old shed or cornhouse, and may be left the plow in the furrow, and boarded the train for Boston, and reported to Gov- ernoi John A. Andrew on Boston Com- mon, to do with you what he chose. He ordered, you obeyed. You left by his order your dear old Bay State with little or no time to bid adieu to father, mother, brother or sisters, or young wife with cooing baby, or your sweet- heart with moistened eyes, and pink cheeks; patriotic was she, as were all the girls of those days, proud that you were willing to go and serve and defend your couiitvy, but oh, how sorry to bid you "gcod bye" on sucli an occasion. Truly, the real worth of your timely and important service, valued as it then was, is much more valued today, and will be still more so as time passes, and future generations will ask, as your children ask today, what the result would have been had there been a lag- gard and slow response to the First Call for troops to suppress the great rebellion of 1861. Can you answer the question? You can tell enough of the result of prompt reply to the war call, but not all. No father or mother of those days can tell all. They can tell much, but to tell all would be as impossible as to compute correctly the money value of a real "heart-aching pang of a mother's grief." Such grief as was fre- quent on the receipt of a letter from the forefront of the army in war time. Commanders of the Slassaelmsetts Min- ute Men of 1861. The men who answered the First Call for troops were well officered, and no men in the service during the entire war showed more regard, respect and honor to superior officers and com- manders than did the Minute Men at all times, whether on duty or not. The officers were anxious that the men should learn every duty of a soldier, believing they would perform those du- ties to the honor and to the credit of all concerned, and the men were just as anxious to learn and to perform their every duty. The results of all these truths are today well known. The Commanders of the Massachu- setts Minute Men of 1861 were well known in Massachusetts and in Massa- chusetts Milita service prior to taking their commands to the front — very many of the men were neighbors and townsmen at home with those who, in military service, were of high rank and were their commanders. While it is true that more than ninety-five per cent, of the privates and non-commissioned officers of the Minute Men re-enterpfl the service for longer term, so it is true that as large a per cent, of their :\IiNrTE MEN OF '61 311 commissioned officers and commanders re-entered the service and w,on honors that are recorded in history today to the great credit and honor of Massachusetts. Every commander of the Massachu- setts Minute Men who answered the "First Call of 1861," namely. Gen. E. F. Butler of the M.V.M.; Col. David W. Wardrop, Third Regiment, M.V.M.; Col. Abner B. Packard, Fourth Regi- ment, M.V.M.; Col. Samuel C. Lawrence, Fifth Regiment, M.V.M.; Col. Edward F. Jones, Sixth Regiment, M.V.M.; Col. Edward W. Hinks, Eighth Regiment, M.V.M. : Major Charles Devens, Jr.. Third Battalion of Riflemen, M.V.M., and Major Asa M. Cook, First Light Battery, M.V.M. , all re-entered the serv- ice and performed noble and notable service. The Minute Men's service was a school to both officers and men, to the great benefit of the Government during the entire war; it revealed and brought out the previously hidden qualifications for militarj^ service of war time; hun- dreds of officers won honors and rank, subsequent to their service as Minute Men, as did also many hundreds of the non-commissioned officers and men. History records their deeds, not only to the honor of themselves and family name, Imt to the great honor of the Com" monwealth of Massachusetts. Of tlie eight officers last named, four, namely : General Butler, Colonel Ward- rop, Colonel Lawrence and Colonel Hinks, have been commanders of the Association of Massachusetts Minute Men of 1861. One of onr Past Commanders of the Association of Massachiisetts, Minute Men ot 1861, Colonel George W. Nason, justly called the Father of said Association, served in tlie old Fifth Regiment of Massachusetts Minute Men under Colonel (later General) Samuel G. Lawrence. He participated in the first great battle of the war, at First Bull Run, or Manassas, Va., July 21, etc., 1861 in which the regi- ment lost severely in killed and wounded. an(i about thirty <.f its men talicn pris- oners. In tbi^ Ijattle Colonel Lawrence was wounded. Comrade Nason was one of those bearing Colonel Lawrence to the rear. Returning to front received two wounds, all of this was after the term of service of the Regiment had expired. The subsequent services of the Regiment during its term was indeed of great im- portance, constructing Fort Ellsworth at Alexandria and other defences, in addi- tion to regular drill and picket dutv. Comrade Nason was one of the wounded and taken prisoner in this first great battle of "Manassas," with few others of his comrades, including Captain James H. Griggs, Past Commander of the Associa- tion of "Minute Men." Comrade Nason, by great advantage of heavj' fog and darkness which pervaded the battlefield to escape and rejoined his Regiment. While his comrade Griggs more severely wounded was taken to "Libby" at Rich- mond by the Confederates. During Com- rade Nason's stay within the enemies lines, he had good opportunities of tak- ing in, or observing" the formation of the battle lines on both sides, all the time hoping and planning to make his escape, as he did. He is an oljserving man, and from his knowledge of the battlefield of the first battle of Manassas, July 21, etc., in 186 ' and from what he learned then, and since, he has always declared that battle, as a "draw game," and that it is a well establislied fact that the eneniy had received orders to retreat, just l)efore the Union troops were ordered to do so, and the enemy learning this fact returned to the scene of action, and held the battle- field, both armies having commenced a retreat. Comrade Nason, after expira- tion of his term of service as a INIinute Man of 1861, re-entered the service, serv- ing in Twenty-Third Regiment Massa- chusetts Volunteers. Temporarily de- tailed for Naval service with the Burnside Roanoke expedition, afterwards on duty in Provost INIarshals Department and as Colonel of the New Berne Fire Depart- ment Regiment as recorded on history's proud pages. The following-named also distinguished soldiers of the war, wi.o fir.st served with the Massachusetts Minute Men of 1861, 312 Minute Men of '61 are honored Past Cominanders of said Association. Their names and noble records are known by the Commonwealth: Col. Henry Walker, W. Col. Benj. F. "Watson, Gen. Augustus P. Martin, Capt. James H. Osgood, Capt. James H. Griggs, 'Capt. John P. Reynolds, Col. George W. Nason, Gen. Samuel K. Chamberlain, Capt. Jos. H. Gleason, Lieut. EHsha N. Pierce, Maj. G. A. J. Coligan, Maj. Aus- tin S. Cushman, Sergt. John Frank Giles, Sergt. Benj. S. Atwood, Gen. Benj. F. Peach, Sergt. James H. Nason, Capt. George A. Read, Comrade George H. Cavanaugh and Maj. John H. Norton for 1910. Forcer of Influence of E.vainple. •Captain William S. M^.Farlin's Com- pany K, of the old Third Regiment of Massachusetts Minute Men was on Boston common at ten o'clock on the morning of April 16, 1861, in answer to the "First icall" received by its captain about mid- night of the fiftieth and by his boys of his company (scattered as they were in the little town of Carver) any old hour before morning siinrise of the sixtieth, they hoarded the first train six miles away at Tremont for Boston, seven o'clock, from thence they proceded to Fortress Monroe, Virginia, and from then paid their re- spects to Gusport Navy- Yard, warmed their feet, returned to Fortress Monroe and remounted the big guns and musters, that had for the sake of Peace rolled down the parapets of the Fortress into the ordnance-park. After returning home on the expiration of term of service as Minute Men Captain McFarlin found the liome of returned boys (Carver and vicinity) a ready field for volunteers "for the war." He therefore organized and enlisted another company, and returned to the front with them as captain, and re- ported as Company C, to the Eighteenth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers at the forefront. Many of the boj-s of his former com- pany of Minute Men re-enlisted and re- turned with him. It was somehow a fashion in those days for about ninety- five per cent of the Minute Men to re-en- list, sort of in the air, by example, (no patriotism about it.) In Capt. McFarlin's Company C, of the Eighteenth Massachu- setts Regiment of Volunteers, were two pair of twins. Thirteen other pairs of brothers one instance of three brothers, and four fathers with one son each, all in one company ! ! "Isn't that going some? ' ' What about the influence of example of the Minute Men of Massachusetts with the boys and men of old Plymouth county. Captain William S. McFarlin was born in South Carver, Plymouth countj', Mass., now resides in Middleboro, Mass. , and will be eighty-three years of age July 11, 1910. ' ' Citizen Thomas, ' ' Brockton, Mass. As a IMatter of Record. It was a member of the Massachusetts Minute Men's association who September 11, 1898 erected a monument of stone, to Colonel Teddy Roosevelt and his Rough Riders, far in the great Mammoth Cave of Kentucky. The honor was acknowledged by Colonel Theodore Roosevelt, now Ex- President, by a very kindly letter to the old veteran soldier of Massachusetts. In the Union army 1861-5 there were 110,070 killed or mortally wounded and 275,175 wounded. It is given as truth, that the descriptive lists of soldiers in the Union army 1861-5 show but one per cent with gray hair. What is the color of yours today? Colonel Dimmock, the regular officer, in command of Fort Monroe, Va., in 1861, in his farewell to the Minute Men when they boarded the steamer to return home, on the expiration of their term of service, said, "Next to regulars, let me command Massachusetts Volunteers." The members of the Massachusetts Minute Men of 1861 can point with great pride to their list of Past Commanders, also to their own individual records. Minute Men of '61 313 Fort Fisher, N. C, December, 1864. His services for his country are well known to a grateful people. He resigned November 30, 1865. Elected Governor of Massachusetts, 1883. Died at Washington, D. C, January 11, 1893. Past Pres. Benjamin F. Butler Minute Men of '61 Maj. Gen. U. S. Vol. General Benjamin Franklin Butler, born at Deerfield, N. H., November 5, 1818, was a prominent citizen and lawyer at Lowell, Mass. , and an ofificer in the Massa- chusetts Militia. The prompt response of the Minute Men of Massachusetts of which he was a member sent a chill to the hearts of rebel sympathizers; appointed Brigadier- General Massachusetts Volunteers April 17, 1861. Took possession of Annapolis, Md., April 21, gaining possession of the ship, "Constitution" and opening the route to Washington, entered and occupied Baltimore May 13, made Major General United States Volunteers May 16, 1861. Assigned to command of Fortress Monroe and Department of Eastern Virginia; cap- tured Forts Hatteras and Clark, N. C, August, 1861; engaged in organizing an expedition for Gulf of Mexico and the Mississippi; took possession of New Orleans, La., May 1, 1862 at its capture by naval forces. Placed in command of De- partment of Virginia and North Carolina and the Army of the James, November, 1863; occupied Citv Point and Bermuda Hundred, Va.. May 5, 1864. It was Gen- eral Butler who first declared the negro contraband of war, thus making a great change in condition of military affairs. Placed in command of military forces in New York city during the riots of October, 1864; commanded the expedition against George A. Washburn (deceased) Minute Men of '61 Co. E- 4th Mass. Regt. George A. Washburn, born February 5, 1836. Sergeant of Company E, Fourth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteer Mili- tia, April 16 to July 22, 1861. Entered Twenty-Second Massachusetts Volunteers as First Lieutenant. Was severely wounded at battle of Gaines' Mill, June 27, 1862; was captured and held at Libby Prison. Promoted Captain July 11, 1862. Discharged for disability on account of wounds received in action to date, January 5, 1863. Enjoys the respect and affection of survivors of the Fourth and Twenty- Second Regiments. Died February 24, 1900. 314 Minute Men of '61 Thomas Lowery, on his mother's side, was a member of Provincial Congress of Huntington County in 1775. He was commissioned June 18, 1776, and in 1780 when the Army greatly needed supplies, his wife was one of the ten women to operated with women of other counties to solicit contributions. In twelve daj-s the}^ raised fifteen thousand four hundred and eight dollars. Mary L/Owery w^as one of the thirteen young ladies who scattered floral treasures in Washington's pathway in Trenton, New Jersey, April 1789 enroute to his inauguration. Mr. Henry is still a resi- dent of New Bern, N. C, where he is en- gaged in the retail drug business. His son, David P. Henry was a captain in the United States army during the Spanish war and is now the manager of the well known clothing house of Browning King & Co., Boston. Thomas a. Henry Minute Men of '61 Co. D, 14th N. Y. Thomas Allison Henry, born Februarv 1839 in Somerville, N. J. Enlisted in Company D, 14th New York State Militia, Minute Men of '61, was afterwards ap- pointed Hospital Steward in the United States Nav_v, returning from Cadiz, Spain, with sick soldiers, he removed to New Bern, North Carolina and was assigned to duty with the Provost Marshall until the close of the war. Was collector of customs for the district of Pamplice, at New Bern. For many years assistant editor of the New Bern Daily Times. Is Past Master of St. John's Ivodge No. 3, F. & A. M., Past High Priest of the New Bern Chapter R. A. M., Past Commander of St. John's Com- manderj^ K. T., a member of the Scottish Rite bodies and Oasis Temple of Char- lottle, North Carolina. His grandfather on his father's side was conspicuous in the war of 1812, and Mott's Historj' of Hvtntington Count}^, New Jer- sey, gives an extended account of the conspicuous part played by his relatives in that war. His grandfather, Colonel Minute Men of '61 315 James E. Bates. Whitman, Mass. Minute Men of '61 4th Mass. Serg-t. 38th Mass. Vols. James E. Bate.s, boni in South Wey- mouth, Mass., January 17, 1837. Entered service April, 1861, in Company E, Fourth M.V.M., for three months; serving at Fortress Monroe, Newport News, and Hampton, Va.; mustered out at Boston Harbor July 22, 1861. Re-enlisted July 24, 1862, in Company C, Thirty-Eighth Massachusetts Volunteers, for three years. Promoted First Sergeant August, 1862; First lyieutenant June 27, 1865. Was with Regiment in the following engagement: Battle of Bisland, La.; the two assaults upon Port Hudson, La., May and June, 1553; Siege of that stronghold forty-five days; battle of Cane River, La. Mustered out at Savannah, Ga., June 30, 1865. He considers the promptness with which the Minute Men of '61 answered the call of Lincoln, the occupation of Fortress Mon- roe by the Minute Men of '61, and the part the Thirtj^-Eighth Regiment took in open- ing Mississippi River as among important events of his army service. Comrade Bates makes no claim to an exceptional record of service as a soldier, but takes a just pride in the conscious feel- ing that he had an humble part as a Min- ute Man of '61, and later as a citizen sol- dier in the ranks, in the conflict and sacri- fice that throttled ^^treason, crushed a reasonless rebellion, overthrew human slavery under a free flag, saved the coun- try to its larger and better liberty, estab- lished forever an enduring Union of Free States, and made the one flag — Old Glor}' — to be honored by the whole world. A charter member of Post 78, W^hitman; was Adjutant and Commander several years; representative National Encamp- ment, 1891; the Counsel of Administration Department Massachusetts, 1893, and Postmaster at Whitman, Mass., four years under President Harrison. 216 Minute Men oe '61 Mercer V. Tillson Minute Men of '61 Co. E. 4th Mass., Also .Signal Corps U. S. Army Mercer V. Tillson born in Pembroke, Mass., Oct. 19, 1837, member of Companj^ E, Fourth Massachusetts Regiment. In March 1864 re-enlisted in the Signal Corps United States Army, June 7 and with fifty-five others were sent from camp of instruction, Georgetown, D. C, to Fort Iveavenworth, Kansas. In the fall of 1864 General Price raided Montana and the signal detachment was assigned to duty with General Pleasanton and Curtis, pursuing Price into the Indian Territory. Early in 1865 the Sioux, Cheyannes and Arapohoes Indians became hostile and we were sent with the Powder River Expedi- tion in pursuit of them. The cotmtry was destitute of wood, water and grass and with severe cold storms we lost much of our stock. Colonel Cole's Division had one hundred and fifty six mule wagons, we arrived at Fort L/armie with only fifty. Our sixty days rations had been consumed and for seventeen days the men had but little to subsist on. General P. E. Conner had the supplies and sent a company to find otir command and get rations to us. In the meantime we were nearly every day attacked by the Indians. After a campaign of several months we returned to Fort L/eavenworth and were discharged December 9, 1865. My great grand- fathers, John Tillson and Benjamin Parris was in the Revolutionar}- war. Residence is South Hanson, Mass. .Samuel V. .Stillings Minute Men of '61 1st Dist. Columbia Vols. Samtiel V. Stillings was born February 29, 1838, at Washington, D. C. , where he learned mechanical engineering in the United States Navy Yaid. Was a member of the First District of Columbia Cadets; was afterwards in photograph and art sup- pi 3' business on Brom field street, Boston; at first call of President Ivincoln he has- tened to his command and served as one of the Minute Men of '61; after the war he rettirned to Boston re-establishing his busi- ness of photography, which he conducted for several years; afterwards engaged ia the hotel business at Woods Hole, Mass., until his death, February 28, 1897, where his widow now resides. Minute Men of '61 317 Charles M. Pike, Worcester. Mass. Minute Men of '61 16th"Ohio Regt., 51st Ohio Regt. and 9th Ohio Cav. Charles M. Pike was born in Cleveland, Ohio, August 4, 1843, of revolutionary an- cestors. His father moved to Roscoe, Ohio, about 1848. When President Lin- coln'first called for troops April 15, 1861, he enlisted in Company A, Sixteenth Ohio, which was one of the Regiments to cross the Ohio River in the advance upon Grafton, West Virginia, under General George B. McClellan in May 1861. On June 3, 1861 they participated in the first battle of the Civil War, Phillippa, West Virginia. They took an active part in all McClellan and Roscoe's movements in West Virginia until August 18, 1861, when they were discharged from service by reason of expiration of service. He re-enlisted September 10, 1861, in Companj- H, Fifty-first Regiment, O.V.I. , and discharged for disability July 15, 1862, re-enlisted in Company M, Ninth O.V.C, July 22, 1863 and was discharged July 20, 1865, end of war. During his two years service in this Regiment he had one horse killed and one wounded, was in the saddle nearly every day, was sixteen days inside the rebel lines, was sent to burn a railroad in central Alabama and to cut off supplies from Johnson's army in Atlantic. Was actively engaged in the Atlantic campaign. He marched with Sherman to the sea and through the Caro- linas under General Judson Kilpatrick. Some years later he came east and is now residing in Worcester, Mass. 318 Minute men of '61 Geo. W. Burke, Melrose, Mass. Minute Men of '61 1st N. H. 3d Mass. Cav. George Wallace Burke was born in Nashua, N. H., December 12, 1842. Enlisted April 19, 1861, served under Gen- eral Patterson at Harper's Ferry and in the West Virginia campaign in the Shen- andoah Valley; discharged at Concord, N. H., August 9, 1861, by reason of expir- ation of term of service; worked at his trade in Boston, for James Boyd & Son, making army equipments, until his second enlistment on September 30, 1861, in (Read's Company of Mounted Rifle Rang- ers), the first company of Unattached Cavalry, Massachusetts Volunteers, said company was afterwards merged into the Third Massachusetts Cavalry, in camp at Ivowell, Mass. , until January 2, 1862, when he went on board the steamship, " Consti- tution " in Boston Harbor; after waiting in Boston Harbor eleven days left for Fort- ress Monroe; had measles and small pox, and all hands were put ashore and the ship fumigated; after a stay there, went to Ship Island, Miss., camping there till about May 5, went to New Orleans, was George W. Burke, Melrose Highlands, Mass. Minute Men of '61 1st N. H. Vol. 3d Mass. Cav. there during a part of the time, General Butler being in command of the cit}' and army located in Ivouisiana; was injured in New Orleans May 10, by his horse falling in the street, and after serving on light duty with the Provost Guard; was dis- charged at New Orleans on June 28, by reason of disability; enlisted twice after that and jsvascenscripted, but failed to pass a medical examination; engaged in the business of harness making, in Chelsea, and in Boston, and lived in Chelsea until Ma}', 1883, when he went to Melrose Highlands to live, has been there since; engaged in the real estate and insurance business; a member of Mystic lyodge I. O. O. F., having been made an Odd Fellow in March, 1865, a member of Star of Bethlehem L/odge, F. A. M., having been raised on June 17, 1874, a member of Bay State Lodge A. O. U. W. and U. S. Grant Post 4, G-A-R Department of Massachusetts; a much interested member of the Minute Men's Association. Minute Men of '61 319 Philip Koempel Minute Men of '61 First Conn. Vols. Philip Koempel was born in Wiesbaden, Germany, in March 1840. He received a liberal education and came to this country at the age of seventeen. In 1859 he went to New Haven, Conn., to learn the wood carving trade. In response to the first call for troops for three months he en- listed in Company B, First Connecticut Volunteers (Bridgeport Rifles). Was at the first battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861. He re-enlisted October 15, 1861 in Com- pany B, First Connecticut Cavalry and was promoted to Corporal March 1, 1863 and to Sergeant May 21, 1864. In February, 1862,. he served with his battal- ion under General Fremont in the Shen- andoah campaign, taking part in the battles of McDo wall's Station, Cross Keys and the night attack on Ashby's Cavalry at Strasburg, Va. Coming under General Pope's command he participated in the battles including Cedar Mountain, Water- loo Bridge and the'second battle of Bull Run. In 1863 the battalion was increased to a Regiment, and after the battle of Gettys- burg crossed the Potomac at Harper's Ferry, driving the enemy from Bolivar Heights and Halltown and capturing many prisoners. In May, 1864, the cavalry of the army of the Potomac under General Philip Sheridan on his Richmond Raid, taking part in the fights at Beaver Dam Station, Yellow Tavern, Strawberry Plains, Meadow Bridge, Ashland, Virginia, etc. On the so-called Wilson's raid, to the Richmond, Danville and South side rail- road, the command had a severe fight at Rean's station, Va., June 29, 1864. During that engagement Sergeant Koempel was surrounded and captured. He was sent to Andersonville prison where he remained until September, 1864^ enduring untold hardships. After the fall of Atlanta, he was removed to Charles- ton, thence to Florence, S. C, where he remained until he was paroled February 14, 1865. He was finally mustered out of the service, August 5, 1865. He joined U. S. Grant Post 327, G-A-R in Brooklyn, N. Y. , in 1886, in which city he now resides. 320 Minute Men of '61 Minute Men of '61 321 William E. Nason. Franklin, Mass. Died. 1S96 Albert D. Nason, Franklin and .Springfield, Mass- Minnie Men of -61 Minnte Men of '61 Adjt. Gen. office, ISth Mass. Vols. 5th Corps. corp. Co. C, 45th Mass. Vols. Died, Nov. 9, 1903 Ch.\kli:s H. Na.son, Minute Men of '61 1st R. I., Co. F, at aire of 14, and U. S. Signal Corps George enry N.ason, Roxburv , Mass. Minute Men of '61 Afterwards Co. K, 35th Mass. Vols. 322 Minute Men ''of '61 Mathew (T. J.) Keenan (1861): Mathew (T. J) Kkenan, Jamaica Plain (1907) Minute Men of '61 Minute Men of ei Co. F, 13th N. Y. S. Mil. Co. H, 13th N. Y. Mil. 3y. Co. F, 13th N. Y. S. Mil. Co. H, 13th N. Y.S. Mil. 3y. Col. George W. Nason Minute Men of '61 5th Ma.ss. Regt. Vols. Philip T. Gruly, Bo.ston, Ma.ss. Minute Men of '61 United State.** Navy Minute Men" of '61 323 Sergt. William J. Bowen. Newton Centre Minute Men of '61 Co. D. 31 Battalion Rifles Anjavine W. Gray, Brownfield, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. D, 3d Battalion, al.so 11th Regt. Maine Vols. I.,T. Col. Benjamin F. Watson. 443 Park Ave.. N.Y. George A. J. Colgan, Boston. Mass. Minute Men of "61 Minute Men of '61 6th Mass. Regt. Past Pres. Minute Men As.sociation Co. K, 6th Mass. 42d Regt. Ma.ss. Vols. 324 Minut:E Men of '61 Maj. Au TIM S. CuSHMAN, New Bedford, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Fred A. O'Conn'or. Newton Hiohlands, Mass. Minute Men of '61 United .States Navy wOi . David W. Wardrop Minute Men of '61 3d Mass. Regt.Col. 99th N.Y. Regt. Brig. Gen. U.S. V. Rev. Edward A. Horion. Boston, Mass. Minute Men of '61 United States Navy Minute Mkn of '61 325 Ambrose E. Burnside Minute Men of '61 1st Rhode Island Regt. Maj. Gen. U. S. Vol. Dr. T. Delap .Smith, Roxbury, Mass. Minute Men of '61 First Rhode Island Volunteers Charle.s ly. Newh.'M.l, Sonthbridge, Mass. Minute Men of '61 United States Navy Q. M. and Treas. J. F'rank Giles Minute Men of '61 5lh Mass. Regt. Sergt. Maj. 1st Ma.ss. H. A. 326 MiNiTTE Men of '61 Col. Edward F. Jones INIinute Men of '61 6th Mass. Afterwards Brig. Geii. V. S. Vols (JEX. .\l'Gr.STt"S P. M.^KTIN Miiune Men of '61 Bris (ien U. S. V. John A. Leach, Whitman, Mass, Minute Men of '61 4th Mass. 7th Mass. Vol. Regt 327 Minute Men of '61 MINUTE MEN OF '61. Among the various veteran military or- ganizations, the Miniite Men of 1861 seem to have become the most popular among our people. As the name implies, its members are those who responded at a minute's notice to the first call of Presi- dent Lincoln and Governor Andrew, April 15, 1861; many of them merchants, me- chanics, business men and students, w-ent direct from their places of business to Faneuil Hall, thence to Washington, NOT IN GAY UNIFORMS but mostly in citizen's attire, armed to protect our flag and the national capital. Many of these men did not have time to see their wives or children before hasten- ing away; some were school boys and left school books and dinner pails in their liaste to get to the front. It is to these men CREDIT SHOULD BE GIVEN for preserving our countr}- and national honor. One of our popular historians has written: " A delay of a half hour in the arrival of the Minute Men in Washington would have found our capital and the archives of our government in the hands of the rebels, who would at once have been recognized by England and France," enemies of our country. With this state of affairs it would have been nearly impos- sible for oiu- government to Jiave again established itself among the nations of the world . The Minute Men put themselves to the front, and gave our government time to catch its breath. The Massachusetts Min- ute Men of '61 consisted of seven separate organizations, viz. : First Massachusetts Light Battery, one hundred and eighteen men, commanded by Captain Asa M. Cook. Third Battalion of Riflemen, three hun- dred and eighteen men; commanded by Major Charles Devens, Jr. (Late Judge Devens I . Third Regiment Massachusetts Infantry, four hundred and forty-seven men; com- manded by the late Colonel David W. Wardrop. Fourth Regiment Infantry, six hundred and thirty-five men; commanded by Colo- nel Abner B. Packard. Fifth Regiment Massachusetts Volun- teer Infantry, eight hundred and twenty- nine men; commanded In- Colonel vSamuel C. Lawrence. vSixth Regiment Massachusetts Volun- teer Infantry, seven hundred and forty- seven men; conmianded .by Colonel Edward F. Jones. Eighth Regiment Infantry, seven hun- dred and eleven men; commanded by Timothy Munroe, afterwards by the late Colonel Edward W. Hincks. This made a total of thirty-eight hun- dred and five men. Some of our friends have had an idea that these Minute Men were only three months in the service of our country, but at their first camp-fire in Faneuil Hall, Boston, 1887, it was shown that of the eight hundred and fiftv-three Minute Men present, ALI. BUT SIXTEEN AGAIN VOLUNTEERED in defense of our flag and country; four hundred and eighty-six, or over half, hav- ing had experience at the front, were made officers in new regiments and bat- teries. \\'ith this ratio it would appear that over two thousand of these Minute Men were made officers and did much for the discipline and instruction of new regi- ments. Minute Men of '61 331 THE VANGUARD VOLUNTEERS To measure the full effect and import- ance of the rally of the Minute Men is well-nigh impossible. Let me try to out- line my estimate of this vangaiard move- ment of the patriots of the North, at the opening of the Civil War. The first call revealed, as in a flash of clear light, the reserve of patriotism and the supply of loyalty that is on hand in our Republic. Equipments of all kinds were lacking, but not lacking were cour- age and devotion to country. It did not need to be manufactured, to be created by artificial means. The citizens of a free land, such as ours, do a great deal of thinking; they have convictions, and the courage of them. When the crisis broke, and the challenge came, our response was prompt, because we had thought over the issues and the duty long before the firing of Sumter's gun of rebellion. The North was not ready in military and naval resources, but • the decision, back of gun and sword, was in full existence. That spirit was a resolute loyalty. Then, too, this promptness in 1861 aroused others and encouraged them to a similar action. The sight of the first vol- unteers, going out with brave, cheerful bearing, set the example. It kindled valor in those who might have been hesi- tating; it stirred admiration and created an emulous desire, it was an object lesson to the awakening people of the threatened North. Suppose reluctance and cowardice had been the first response ; suppose tardy recruits had been the answer to Lincoln's call, what a difference. Not only the shame of it, but the moral effect upon the North. But, no, a thrill of pride ran through our towns and cities, and fire kindled fire of enthusiasm. Again, we saw later on that out of these early recruits and this force of minute men, was developed a trained and seasoned Ijody of soldiers who enlisted at once again, and served with ability such as comes onlv from experience. An enlisted man, without knowledge of actual war, must make up in youth, or enthusiasm what he surelv lacks in training. But that involves risks and hardships and dire mistakes. The minute men plunged boldly into fighting affairs, some with a slight knowledge of the militia habits, .some without, a few well versed. When they had served their terms of en- listment with fine records of duty noblv done, they were prepared to do a larger service, and to lead others, and to assist the less qualified. So this ' ' first call ' ' experi- ence proved a great aid to the gathering- ranks of the Northern army, the volun- teers having been tested and taught in the fiery school of the beginning cam- paigns. Shall we not say, also, that this prompt- ness, this alacrity of response so fearless and whole-hearted, impressed the South? could it be otherwise? The people of that region had grown to underestimate the valor and self-sacrificing character of our Northern men and women. They sneared at our supposed idolatry of the dollar. They predicted cowardice and servility on our part, if the contest really came, and we were confronted with the stern de- mands of war. They esteemed themselves the " chivalric," heroic and superior class of our countrymen. The reply to the "first call" surprised them, they did not believe that Abraham Lincoln would be brave enough to go forward and face them with troops. They did not think his " call " would be sustained, after it was issued. But their suppositions fell to the ground,— Lin :oln and the " mudsills" of the North were alike, they were not afraid, they were ready to stand at any cost of treasure and life for the Union. One more statement as to the moral and material effect of the splendid action of the Minute Men of '61. Thev averted many calamities, and they nipped many formidable plans, in the bud. The value of promptness was finely illustrated in this history of the opening act of the great war drama. Some sad things happened through our state of unpreparedness, but some other things were cared for, thanks to the first volunteers. No one can tell what might have been, had the first de- fenders failed in celerity of action and in vigilance of purpose. Thev were in earnest, they were awake to the situation, they checked the advances of the enemy springing with confidence to capture the very heart of our country. A quick and sufficient bulwark were thev again.st'tlie rising tide of sedition. Their deeds gave hope to the dismayed North, and provided time for the proper arrangement of our plans. Time with appreciative touch will keep the annals of the Minute Men of '61 for- ever bright. Massachusetts has no richer treasures in her keeping than the memor- ies and inspirations of their services. These men continued the quckening his- tory of old time valor in this Conimon- wealth, and they renewed the .sources of a of lofty patriotism. Edw.\rd a. Horton. 332 MiNUTH Men of '61 WiLLARn D. Tkipp, Newton, Mass. Minute Men of '61 4th Mass. Regt.. Col. 29th Mass. Vols. Willard Uean Tripp was horn September 14, 1838, in New Bedford Mass. vSon of Willard and Rlioda ( Dean) Tripp. Pater- nal ancestor, John Tripp, came from Eng- land to Plymouth Colony in 1625. Mater- nal ancestor, Edward Winslow, 3d. Gov- ernor of Plymouth Colony. Removed with parents to Taunton in 1847. En- listed as a private in the Taunton L/ight Guards, Company G, Fourth M.V.M August 5, 1857. Warned at six a.m. April 16, 1861, to report for duty at seven a.m. His father, noticing his excited condition, volunteered to advance any sum that might be required to pay the fine, if he did not respond to the call, but added, ' ' if I was of your age and had your opportu- nity I would not part with it for money." Reported at Armory at 7.15 a.m., being the first member of the Company to report in uniform and equipped ready for duty. Promoted to Fourth Corporal by Captain Timothy Gordon while in route to Boston. Mustered into United States service at Fortress Munroe, Va., April 22, 1861. Company G was the first company of Union volunteer soldiers to land on the sacred soil of Virginia, April 20, 1861 , and on June 10, 1S61, Company G was one of the five Massachusetts Companies of the Fourth Rfegiment to engage in the first battle of the war at Great Bethel, Va. Mustered out July 22, 1861, at Long Island, Boston Harbor, by expiration of service. Engaged''in recruiting service until commissioned as Captain of the Twenty-Ninth Massachusetts Infanty Vol- unteers, December 13, 1861 and assigned to the command of Companies F and G, stationed at] Camp Pierce, Pawtucket, Mass., December 14, 1861. January 16, 1862, in command of Companies F,. G and H, proceeded to Newport News, Va., and completed the organization of the Twenty- Ninth Massachusetts Infantry Volunteers, January 20, 1862 and assigned to command of Company F. Served with the Regi- ment in its various campaigns and partici- pated in the following engagements: Monitor and Merrimac Hampton, Nor- folk, Gaines Mills. Peach Orchard, Sav- age's Station, White Oak Swamp, Glen- dale, Malvern Hill, Second Bull Run, douth Mountain, Snicker's Gap, Antie- tani, Fredericksburg, Vicksburg, Jackson, Shady grove, Bethesda Church, Cold Har- bor, Petersburg Camp and the Crator. From October, 1863 to April, 1864, was on detached service in command of Con- valescent Camp, Crab Orchard, Ky. In the Petersburg campaign was in command of Regiment at'fBattle of Crater and at other times, Colonel Joseph H. Barnes being in command of the Brigade. Pro- moted to Lieutenant-Colonel October 12, 1864, and mustered out December 13, 1864. Member of State Constably in 1867, Massachusetts Commandery IvOj-al Legion and Charles Ward Post 62, G-A-R, New- ton. An employe of State Board of Char- ity October 1, 1867, and still in service. Minute Men of '61 333 Victor O-P'reemax, Whitman, Mass. Minute Men of '61 Co. I, Sixth Mass Regt. Victor (). Freeman was born September 12, 1841 and educated in public schools of Buffalo, N. Y. He served three terms of enlistments 1861-5. He was in most of the engagements in which his Regiment took part, was slightly wounded at Brandy station, June 9, 1863, but as his only Ijrother, John B. Freeman was badly wounded in the shoulder his own wound were as nothing. John B. F'reeman was a brave and dashing young man of 21 years. He was killed at Aldie, Va., June 17, 1863, in attempt to save comrades and himself from capture. He was buried in Aldie under the Regimental monument May 11, 1864. \'ictor (). Freeman received a l)ad gun shot wound in the right thigh at Jeruslem plank road, Va., Sept. 16, 1864. Re- turned to Regiment after recovering in time to be at the finish. In October 1866 married to Mary R. Hines. They have seven children living nameh- : L\nian W., Charles E., Albert R.,' John B., Hilda J., Mary E. and Anna P. Freeman. Albert R. Freeman served two years in Company H, 45, U. S. Volunteer Infantry in the Philippine Islands ; discharged as orderly sergeant. Geo. DrNBAR, East Weymouth, Mass. Minute Men of '6 J. Co. I, 4th Mass., Co. D, 42d Mass. Vols. George Dunbar was born in Hingham, Mass., November 14, 1838, was educated" in the public schools of that town where his ancestors had resided .since 1652, his great grandfather, Daniel Dunbar, was in the Revolutionary War. The mother of George Dunbar was a granddaughter of Captain Joseph vStetson of Plymouth county, in the American army under Gen- eral Washington, also in the French war. Comrade Dunbar, after his first service with the Minute Men and with Company D, Forty-Second Massachusetts Volun- teers, was attached to the office of the Pro- vose Marshal (leneral for special duty at Washington and vicinitv- Since 1861-5 has conducted the business of carpenter and builder and has held several munici- pal positions. Is an honored memljer of the G-A-R Post 58 of Weymouth and is its present chaplain. The writer of this sketch has known George Dunl)ar for many years and can vouch for his faithful and eflicient service during and since the war, ever striving to make the world better. 334 Minute Men of '61 "OLDGI.ORY'" LINCOLN DAY By Col. Geo. W. Nason February 12, 1904 Fling out the banner ! let it float Skyward and seaward, high and wnde ! The Stars and Stripes, our Country's flag, O'er the land for which Lincoln died. Fling out the banner ! let it swing Seaward and skyward, o'er the land ; From East to West and North to South, Our dear old Flag always so grand. Kling out the banner ! let it wave Seaward and skyward, glorious sight ! The flag of freedom and the brave, S.vmbol of liberty and light. Fling out the banner ! wide and high, Seaward and skyward, let it shine ! Show to the world our cause is just, Then we will conquer b}^ that sign. Floating the banner ! comrades, cheer ! Seaward and skyward, bright and dry; Our Nation's cause to us so dear. Upward and onward, let it fly. Fling out the banner ! let it float Skyward and seaward, high and wide ! Old Glory for our Country's cause ; The cause for which our Lincoln died. Minute Men of '61 335 THE BOY WHO CARRIED THE GUN By Col. Geo. W. Nason Januao^ 11, 1904 When secession threatened our Union of States, And the War against Country begun, Who was it left home to defend our dear flag ? 'Twas the Boy who carried the gun. When the day's long march was finally closed, Which began ere the rising of sun, Who was it stood guard all night on the camp ? 'Twas the Boy who carried the gun. And when we advanced on the enemy's works. And had sapping and mining begun. Who was it that wielded axe, pick and spade ? 'Twas the Boy who carried the gun. When the enemy charged full force on our lines. And his victory seemed nearly won, Who was it hurled back his fearful attack ? 'Twas the Boy who carried the gun. And when in retreat from ten times our force We were charged by the rebs on the run, Who was it that turned and checked their advance ? 'Twas the Boy who carried the gun. Who was it I say, at the close of the day. When the hotly fought battle was won, That cared for the wounded men left on the field ? 'Twas the Boy who carried the gun. While some persons ate from the hospital stores. And had lots of whiskey and fun, Who was it that lived on what he could find ? 'Twas the Boy who carried the gun. lyCt all honor due to our officers brave Be given for what they have done. But never forget, Flag and Country were saved By the Hero who carried the gun. 336 Minute Men oe '61 MASSACHUSETTS MINUTE MEN, 1861 Air "Maryland, My Maryland" Thomas Benton Kellev, author Full nine and forty years have passed Massachusetts Minute Men Since that first "tratirous" Cannon blast, Massachusetts Minute Men, On Sumters wall our Flag assailed. But Lincoln's call and need prevailed, From every walk of life was hailed, Massachusetts Minute Men. The spirit of those early days, Massachusetts Minute Men Was found intact in hearts so brave, Massachusetts Minute Men From Berkshire's Hills, from Plymouth shore. Through blood stained streets in Baltimore. You proudly then Old Glory bore, Massachusetts Minute Men How grand a welcome you received, Massachusetts Minute Men, From loyal souls with fear relieved, Massachusetts Minute Men, Your patriot ardor set the pace Our Capital made a camping place Then Lincoln said "we now are safe," Massachusetts Minute Men. Across Chain Bridge you led that host, , Massachusetts Minute Men In numbers Bay State had the most, Massachusetts Minute Men Bull Runs "draw game" quite surely true, But ninety-five per cent of you. Enlisted then to see it through, Massachusetts Minute Men. We greet the remnant of that band, Massachusetts Minute Men, Now furrow browed and trembling hand, Massachusetts Minute Men, Your valorous ardor paved the way, A million Comrades joined the fray, And put "Old Glory" up to stay, Massachusetts Minute Men. Westminster Hotel, Boston, Mass., April 15, 1910. Minute Men of '61 337 Thomas Be^vTON Kelley, Westminster Hotel. Copley Square. Boston, Mas.s. Vermont Minute INIen of '61 Seventh Illinoi.s Cavalry Sketch of the I^ife and Service in the Civil War of Thomas Benton Kelley, born in Ca.stleton, Vermont, October 10, 1838, the youngest son of David Kelley and. Zanna Dixon CJones) Kelley, who was the eldest daughter of Rphraim Jones and Rachel (Stark) Jones, who was the third daughter of Captain John Stark, who commanded the I'anlet company in the Battle of Bennington, Vermont, of sturdy New England ancestry, who were early settlers in Rutland county, having lo- cated in Vermont in 1781, from Provi- dence, R. I., in that year. In the spring- of 1846, the family left Vermont and went to Dupage county, Illinois joining the father in their new western home he had erected the previous winter, here the \oung man laid the foundation of a rugged life in walking several miles to school, and then searching for the cows who had the chance to roam at will over the broad prairie, the young man soon- became a very e-xpert horseman which proved to be a very valuable aquirement in his armv service in the Cavalry. With. 338 Minute Men of '61 service at the headquarters of General Philip H. Sheridan, as Clerk for the Corps responding to the call of Abraham L/incoln in 1861. Enlisting in Company E, Eighth Illinois Cavalry, which was assigned to duty in the army of the Potomac, after strenuous service in the Llanassas cam- paign, the Regiment was assigned to the first brigade of Cavalry under the com- mand of General George Stoneham, serv- ing with the brigade, under its several •commanders, in eighty-two engagements and skermishes, having five horses shot under him, (two in one day) and being struck four times with bullets and three times with sabre, bearing a charmed life through all of the battles of the army of the Potomac to the siege of Petersburg, Va., in September 1864. On September 15, 1862 he captured and brought in the union lines seven armed Confederate soldiers one of whom was mounted and after marching him with the rest for more than three miles, took a full charged Navy revolver from him, which he had exposed to Kelley's view in dis- mounting from his horse, as he was to turn the prisoners over, the prisoners were captured full three-fourths of a mile from any other Union soldier outside the Union lines, application for a medal was denied because not a shot was fired, while over twenty afidavits were furnished and are now on file in the war department, one from the Colonel who was' in command on the day of the capture, Kelley gave the ^larm to the reserve officer in command of outside Videtts who fired the first shot at the opening of the Battle of Gettysburg on the morning of July 1, 1863, which event in history is marked by a stone marker located on the right hand of Chambers- burg Pike about two and one half miles in front of the Seminary at Gettvsburg, Pa., through those fearful three days of carnage he came unscathed, closing his some two years at Wheaton college he re- ceived the appointment as Station and Express agent, at (now) Glen Ellvn, Illinois, where he was employed when Surgeon, Dr. J. K. Dul^ois, joined his loving companion with whom he had left a young son on entering the service, but the son had been called home on Septem- ber 16, 1862. Returning to Vermont in 1866, he entered the employ of the Rut- land Marble Co., for whom he worked as Quarry and Mill foreman for some four- teen years, and for Struthers & Sons at Philadelphia some six j'ears, in the erection of the public building of the city. Was in the Railroad Mail service some eight years, from Boston to Essex Junc- tion, Vermont and on the death of his beloved companion came to Boston where he now resides with his daughter Mrs. I^ura Beulah Rolley, who with her hus- band and beautiful daughter and son he now is passing the remaining years of an eventful life. Joining the Grand Army of the Republic December 2, 1867, as a Charter Member of Robert Post No. 14, Department of Vermont, passing all the chairs in the post and serving as chaplain seven years and commander and as in- spector in the department, and three times on department stalT and as delegate to the National Encampment and twice on the staff of the Commander in Chief, always a very enthusiastic and forceful exponent of the principals of the G-A-R., having composed over forty songs for the •order, and kindred organizations. Con- verted to thorough Republican by Abra- ham Ivincoln in the Campaign of 1858, he has ever been an ardent zealous student in the welfare of his county's needs, join- ing the Vermont Division of the Sons of the American Revolution, some twelve j-ears since he is still in touch with the best living exponents for his state welfare, also a member of the Grand Army Club of Massachusetts which has representatives from forty-eight Posts in the department, and are inspiring loyalty and patriotism everywhere through our broad land. Mr. Kelley is now serving as Custodian of the A^ermont Association of Boston at their reading room and headquarters No. 65 Hotel Westminster, Cople}' Square, Boston, Mass. Minute Men of '61 339 assigned duty in Quarter Master and Ordnance Department, until end of ser- vice, when he took a law course and was admitted to the bar. vSept. 4, 1S7(), he married Nellie J. Heaton of Franklin, and soon after re- ceived the appointment of Adjutant of Soldiers' Home at Greene Island, Neb. After six j'ears' service he resigned and located as Juniata, Neb., where he practi- ced law until his death, Feb. 8, 1895. ^^] TO THE ^: , ^. 'MEMBERS Of _ _ 'O MASSACHUSETTS '^VOLUNTEER MILITIA % ' g WHO WERE MUSTERED ^INTO THE UNITEE STATES SERVICE IN RESPONSE TO PRESIDENT LINCOLNS' FJRST CAIL For TROOPS ^ Chari-ks KiLBT-Rr, Lunenburri Mass. Minute Men of "61 Fifth Mass. Sergt. 23d Mass. Regt. Charles Kilburn, son of Cyrus Kilburn was born in Lunenburg, Mass., May 13, 1839, When 18 years old taught district school ; also practised civil engineering with his father until 1861. He came to Bo.ston April 15 to have his surveying in- struments adjusted, and hearing the call of President Lincoln for 75, (KK) troops went to Faneuil Hall and enrolled his name with Somerville Light Infantry, commanded by Captain George (). Bras- tow of the Fifth Massachusetts Regiment. As a civil engineer he was of great service to the government., assisting in the con- strucrion of Fort Ellsworth at Alexandria, Va., etc. Returning with his Regiment at end of service he again enlisted; was made orderly sergeant of Company H, Twenty-third Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, Colonel John Kurtz. Ser- geant Kilburn was severely wounded at the battle of Whitehall, near Kinston, N. C, Dec. 16, 1862. One arm and both legs were broken by grape or canister shot which incapacited him from active ser- vice. Leaving hospital on crutches, was (ft MASSACHUSETTS VI ^INUTE MEN 1861 The above cuts show Ijoth obverse and reverse of the beautiful bronze medal issued by the Commonwealth of Massa- chusetts'to the Minute INlen of '61, with the name of each soldier engraved on the thick edge of medal, similar to that shown at edge of cut. There were three thousand eight hundred and five of these medals made at the United States mint at Philadelphia for the state of Massachu- setts, nearly a thousand of which remain with the adjutant general unclaimed, each medal lieing marked with the soldier's name. If the soldier be dead, any member of his famil\- or nearest of kin can obtain it upon application. It is a valuable relic to be cherished by later generations. 340 Minlte Men of '61 REV. Edward A. Horton Boston, Mass. Minute Men of '61 United States Navy Eflward Augustus Horton, clergyman, author, and editor, was born in Springfield, Mass., vSept. 28, 1843, son of William Marshall and Ann (Leonard) Horton. He was educated in the public schools of Springfield and Chicago, 111. When the civil war broke out he enlisted in the United States navy and served on the gun- boat Seneca with the vSouth Atlantic blockading squadron under Commanders DuPont and Dahlgren, taking part in several sharp engagements, including the attack on Forts Wagner and Sumter, and the destruction of the Confederate privateer Nashville. He entered the University of IVIichigan without conditions in the class of 1869. Finding that his resources were not sufficient to carry him through the laniversity he changed to the Meadville Theological Seminary and was graduated in 1868. He accepted a call from the Unitarian church at Leominster, Mass., and remained there until 1875. During this time he visited Europe, and studied in Brunswick and Heidelburg, Germanv, his church generously granting him leave of absence of one year for that purpose. He accepted a call to New Orleans, La.,. in the summer of 1875, but the following fall he was obliged to recall his acceptance because of a severe attack of illness. After a year of rest he became minister of the Old Church at Hingham, Mass., in 1876, and in May, 1880, he resigned this charge to become minister of the Second Church in Boston, Mass. This church was founded in 1649, and among its- ministers were the Mathers (Increase, Cotton, and Samuel ), John Lathrop, Henry Ware, Jr., Ralph Waldo Emerson and Chandler Robbins. During Mr. Horton's ministry of twelve years here it was l)rought to a high degree of prosperity, and a del)t of |45,000 was cancelled. He was compelled to resign his pastorate in 1892 on account of impaired health, and subsequently devoted himself to the development of* two Unitarian organiza- tions in Boston, the Sunday School Society and the Benevolent Fraternity of Churches. He is now president of the Sunday School Society, a part of his duty being to write and publish text books; edit "Every Other Sunday" (a paper for young people); confer with Sunday-school workers over the country, and direct the affairs relating to Unitarian Sunday-school workers. Other positions now held by him are chaplain of Massachusetts senate; chap- lain E. W. Kinsley Post, G. A. R., Boston; chaplain. Grand Lodge of Free Masons, Massachusetts; chaplain. Association Mass. Minute Men since 1884, president of the Committee on Fellowship of Ministers; trustee of Westford (Mass.), Academy; trustee to Derby Acadeiu}-, Hingham, Mass. ; director of the Home for Intem- perate Women; treasurer of the North End L^nion, Boston. He has served as department chaplain of the Grand Army of the Republic in Massachusetts, and for the Ancient and Honoraljle Artillery Com- pany, Boston. The honorary degree of A. M. was conferred upon him in 1880 by the Universit}' of Michigan. He has been a frequent contributor of book reviews to periodicals and the Bo.ston newspaper press, and written several manuals for Minute Men of '61 341 class work in Sunday-schools. He is author of ' 'An Historical Address Com- memorating the Semi-Centennial An- niversary of the dedication of the Pirst Congregational Meetinghouse in Leomin- ster' ' (1874) ; "Onthe I^aw of Fulfillment' ' ; "Semon on the Ivife of James Garfield" (1881); "Discourse Delivered to the First Parish of Hingham on the 200th Anniver- sary of the (Jpening of its Meeting-house" (1882); "Ralph Waldo Emerson: His Services. as Minister of the Second Church and his Qualities as a Religious Teacher" (1882); "Unitarianism: What Did It vSet Out to Do ? What Has It Accomplished ? ' ' (1888); "Unitarianism: Does It Accept the Personality of Christ? " (1889); "Unitarianism: What Does It Stand For?" (1889); "Noble Lives and Noble Deeds" (1890). Mr. Horton was married at Lancaster, Pa., Dec. 1, 1875, to Josephine A. Rand, daughter of Nathaniel and Ruth (Miles) Rand. They have one child, Ruth Horton, born Feb. 24, 1877. 342 Minute Men oe '61 OUR NAVY IN THE CIVIL WAR BY CHAMPIvAIN EDWARD A. HORTON The record of the Navy during the Civil War is full of interest from the beginning to the end. While not crowded with such stirring events as fell to the experience of the Army, j'et, what it did in patience and wisdom, and what it accomplished by sig- nal efforts, taken together, give lovers of the Union just cause for pride. The first feature always to be noticed was the unpreparedness of our Navy De- partment when the war broke out. It is true that some intelligent forecasts had been made, and certain vessels were read}' for the fray such as the Powhatan, Mississippi, Susquehanna, and later the Niagara, Wabash, Roanoke. In 1.S58 some Screw-Sloops of about 2000 tons were made ready such as the Lancaster, Brooklyn, Hartford and others in the second class like the Pawnee and Iroquois. Sailing vessels were then passing out of use and were of value chiefl}- as stone- steps and receiving-ships. As soon as the seriousness of affairs was appreciated by the North, not only was the demand for troops imperative but the necessitv of pro- tecting our long seacoast was apparent. The Confederate States had no Nav}', but they were capable of building rams, and also of carrying on a large business in blockade running, through which sources they woiild obtain arms and money. The rapidity with which the deficiencies of our Navy were made good now stands out conspicuously to all historians. Not -waiting for the creation of only the best vessels and the finest equipment, the energies of ovir officials were directed to securing anything and everything that might assist in making our campaign suc- cessful. We bought all kinds of things afloat, specially such steamers as might easily be transformed into weapons of war. In this way we took ferry boats, tugs. side wheelers, screw steamers, in large numbers. They were usually strength- ened in some parts and such batteries placed on board as the craft could stand. The construction of sloops-of-war was at once inaugurated by the administration. Among them were the Oneida, Kear- searge and others. Small heavily armed screw gunboats were also built, twenty- five of them, and were commonly called "the ninety-day gun boats." Contracts were also made for the construction of paddle-wheel steamers, for use on rivers and in shallow water, which were after- wards well known as "double enders." This, indeed, was the time when the need of iron-clads was apparent of which there had been much talk but no lealization. Inventors were vaguely feeling their way to the creation of something in this di- rection. On these plans were built the New Ironsides and the Monitor. In addition to all this was the call for officers and seamen. Anyone versed well knows that the life on a man-of-war means a previous training on the sea. Therefore to the merchant marine the administration looked for its best supplies and recruits. It did not look in vain and the results of our appeals were on the whole satisfactory. But beyond this ex- cellent material it was found necessary to accept men of all nationalities and from places all over the world. With surpris- ing success this rallying and consolidat- ing of the forces went on, and by the time the war ended we were in very solid shape, with many plans looking far ahead by which the administration intended to build more ships-of-war. These plans were only partially executed owing to the cessation of hostilities. All in all this niasterh' production of a Navy out of scant material, and under adverse cir- tacumsnces, is hardl}- paralled in history. Minute Men of '61 343 NORTH ATLANTIC SQUADRON Some of our Minute Men went into the Navy at the first call and there did good service. Reference to some of these com- rades will be found in this volume. What I am now aiming at is to give a general sketch of our Navy from '61 to '64. There were three distinct phases which might be summed up as follows : 1 , The North Atlantic Squadron. 2, The South Atlantic Squadron. 3, The Gulf and Mississippi. To this might fitly be added the more general aspect of cruisers and blockaders. Of course, the Atlantic Coast was the scene of great anxiety and watchfulness. It offered a long stretch of opportunity to the enemy for smuggling, and the draft was immense on our limited resources. But we clung to our "job," with dogged persistency and on the whole succeeded fairly well. There was no time when blockade runners did not get in and out, biit our vessels maintained such a vigilant guard that the risks were ver\' great. • The most famoiis event in the North Atlantic Squadron, of which I am now treating, was the notable conflict between the Merrimac and Monitor which occurred at Hampton Roads. This dramatic scene took place in 1S62. Norfolk had been captured early by the Confederates to- gether with its Navy Yard. Of course the administration was anxious to drive the enemy out, and possess the advantages which the captured locality would bestow. In this 3'ard was constructed the famous Merrimac. The intelligence of this for- midable procedure was learned by the Federal Gov'ernment, and orders were issued at once for the speedy construction of a suitable antagonist, which order was executed at Brooklyn, resulting in the creation of the first Monitor. This was drawn from Ericsson's plans and was built under his supervision. By pushing the work under extra gangs the Monitor was finished in about fovir months after the signing of the contract. Lieut- enant John Iv. Worden was selected to command the new craft. No such war vessel had ever been tried before and it required a great deal of courage to take charge of such a mass of uncertainties. As a floating battery the affair seemed satisfactory, but in view of the fact that it must go to sea and perhaps join in a battle, under those operating conditions doubts were numerous as to the worth of the venture. So anxious was our admin- istration to get the Monitor down to Hampton Roads to meet the Confederate iron-clad that the workmen were still busy on the Monitor the night before she sailed. After a dangerous voyage the Monitor reached Hampton Roads and foimd lying there, near Fortress Monroe, the Roa- noke, Minnesota and one or two other frigates. The Merrimac w^as now ready for action. It was an old vessel made over and covered with what resembled the roof of a house, armored with wrought iron plates and heavy wooden backings, assisted with a heavy batterv. A cast iron ram projected eighteen inches from her bow. On vSaturday, March 8, while the Monitor was still outside, the Merri- mac came down the river from Norfolk accompanied by two gun-boats. She ap- proached the two wooden vessels that had been guarding the James River and drove her ram into the Cumberland so deep as to sink her, with her ensign flying from the peak as she went down, for he woi:ld not surrender. The Congress was also destroyed and the Minnesota run aground. Night then drew on and for that day all was over. But while this firing was going on, the Monitor was approaching Fortress Mon- roe. Soon after sunrise on the morning of March 9, preparations for the historic contest were under way. The IVIerrimac evidently cared little for the appearance of the Monitor and steamed down the stream to complete her destruction of the day before. But Lieut. Worden proposed to be heard as well as seen, and he im- mediately got under way and headed directly lor the Merrimac, reserving his fire till he was close to the enemy. Worden passed the Merrimac and at- tempted to disable her screw but missed it. Then he returned, firing deliberately. 344 Minute Men of '61 The vessels were so close that several times they almost touched each other. Everyone understands now what a Monitor meant at that time, resembling as it did a cheese box, it often carried that name. There was siTipiy one great iron turret in the center of a low, round deck of iron. This turret depended for its use- fulness on revolving at command-, which it did not always do. After a while the turret got so jammed that the ship was brought round and the guns pointed by the helm. At one time when Worden was looking through an opening a shell struck the turret and exploded. His eyes were filled with powder and he was blinded and stunned. Marks of this he bore many years, indeed till he died. The Monitor was withdrawn at this time owing to the injuries to her commanding oflBcer, and for some unforeseen reason the Merrimac withdrew to Norfolk. It was not advisable to follow and the com- bat temporarilv ceased. As an able authority, Admiral Soley, said : "though both iron-clads were severely pounded neither had fully developed its defensive strength, and all things considered they both got off rather easily." Both vessels were dented, cracked and plates broken, but neither was demolished. The effect of this conflict at Hampton Roads in various aspects was refnarkable. lyight was thrown on the necessity of a new kind of war vessel. It was found that the Confederates could easily construct most dangerous instruments of war. But the deep satisfaction of the North was in the fact that Hampton Roads had been reconquered and the blockade was iin- broken, and the enemy pushed back. Well has it been said, that the names of Worden and the Monitor will always be recalled by the country in affectionate re- membrance. The final fate of the two iron-clad warriors is worth recording. The Merri- mac came out of the dry dock apparently in as good shape as ever and took a posi- tion near Norfolk News. Small deprada- tions were made but nothing serious oc- curred. Tatnall, meanwhile, learned that the United States troops were advancing on Norfolk, he being in command resolved to withdraw to the James River, and of course, took the Merrimac with him. But it was found impossible to get the Confederate iron-clad up into a safe posi- tion and accordingly Tatnall concluded to destroy her, and setting her on fire, he landed his officers and man and escaped. As for the Monitor, she was ordered to Beaufort, N. C, in tow of the Rhode Island. All went well at first, biit pretty soon after Cape Hatteras had been passed a gale arose. The sea came in so fast that it submerged the pilot house and finally threatened the safety of the Monitor. There seemed to be no possible handling of her. It became evident she could not be saved. A signal of distress was made, boats were lowered, the crew was re- moved from the sinking iron-clad over which the seas were breaking. , In a short time the Monitor slowly settled and disap- peared in the ocean. One of the early plans in this Depart- ment was to obtain control of Hatteras Inlet, a point of great importance. This engagement was one in which the Nav}^ distinguished itself. As was said at that time, "from there the whole coast of Virginia and North Carolina, from Nor- folk to Cape Ivookout, was within reach by light draft vessels which could not possibly live at sea during the winter months." In the capture of Hatteras Inlet, Flag-Ofificer Stringham for the Navy, and General Butler for the Army were the leading officers. In a short time, after careful preparations of the land and nav_v forces, a united attack was made for the capture of Roanoke Island. This was done under the leadership of Flag-Ofhcer Goldgboro and Commander Rowan. It proved a brilliant and success- ful movement, opening up for our forces many tributary places. It is impossible to detail all the notable events in the North Atlantic Squadron, as indeed, it will be impossible to properly treat those which occurred in other Squadrons of the Navy. We can only touch the salient transactions. Among these was the reduction of Newbern and the splendid dash of L/ieutenant William Minute Men of '61 345 B. Gushing who destroyed the ram, Albe- marle. He announced his triumph in the following despatch: "I have the honor to report that the rebel iron Albemarle is at the bottom of the Roanoke River." Many attempts had been made to sub- due this dangerous enemy, but without success. Gushing will always be famous in our history as combining personal dar- ing with high intelligence. He proceeded In- night up the Roanoke River, knowing that the Albemarle was made fast to her wharf, surrounded bj- ' 'booms, ' ' as pro- tection from torpedoes and assailants of any kind. His party consisted of fifteen officers and men in a launch, and two officers and eleven men in a cutter that was in tow. The brave Lieutenant suc- ceeded in passing safely bj- the first out- posts of the enemy but as he approached the ram the enemy sprang a rattle, rung a bell and began firing. He found "a pen of logs round about her. ' ' Goming head on to the Albemarle the launch struck the logs ; the torpedo boom which Gushing carried was lowered and a torpedo was successfully exploded under the ram's overhang, destroying her. At that moment a shot fired from the ram went crashing through the launch completely disabling her. The enemy demanded the surrender of Gushing's force, but he ordered the men to save themselves and plunged into the river. After a long exposure in the swamp and hiding, he discovered a boat and found his way to one of our own vessels. This has justly been considered as one of the most striking and spectacular events of the whole war. Gushing was at that time 21 years of age. One other important act in the drama of the North Atlantic Squadron was the capture of Fort Fisher, toward the end of the war. The first attempt was made b}- the joint efforts of Admiral Porter of the Navy, and General Butler of the land forces. To carry out this project the largest fleet was assembled under the Union Flag that had been gathered at any previous time under any one command. Although great preparations were made, and the forces seemed adequate, the enter- prise terminated in failure. The next year, 1865, a renewed attack was planned, with General Terry in com- mand of the Army. This time the prep- arations seemed to have been ample and sufficient. A large squadron did its duty with valor and intelligence, and the officers on the land side did their work with grim determination. The Gonfed- erates understood that it would Ije a grievous loss if they were driven out of their defences, and the officers and men on their side retained the ground stub- bornly. It was onl}' when one traverse after another had been slowly conquered that any foothold was obtained in the fort. The battle raged hot in the fort, while the great batteries close to the beach were doing their best to aid the Union forces. But at last the victorv was ours, though the list of killed and wounded was lament- able. Still, according to the measure of army experiences, the loss of killed and wounded, 700, was counted slight in view of what was accomplished. 2500 men in the best constructed earth works known were met and conquered ; 112 officers and 1971 enlisted men'were taken prisoners. SOUTH ATIvANTIG SQUADRON There is naturally a great deal of remance connected with the vSouth Atlantic Squadron, which we are now considering. It was the scene of the first defiance to the North by the guns of Fort Sumter, and Gharleston ever after was a hot bed of Southern feeling. The iron clads first built after the Merrimac and Monitor fight were sent to this Depart- ment, where they did excellent service. The South Atlantic vSquadron had only two commanders, Dupont and Dahlgren. The first important work under Admiral Dupont was the capture of Port Royal and the making it a Headquarter for the fleet. From that on followed a persistent tight- ening of the ' blockade through the inlets and lagoons extending from Gharleston on the north, to Fernandina on the south. The entrance to Savanagh River was also sealed as far as possible. An attempt was made to place obstacles in the harbor of 346 Minute Men of '61 Charleston by sinking a number of vessels, mostly old whalers, loaded with stone. But the project failed through the action of the tides and currents, which seemed to wash away these sunken crafts, so that the blockade runners went in and out as though nothing had been done to bar their waj'. The batteries of Morris Is- land were constantly a menace to our movements. Fort Sumter itself only suc- cumbed after having been battered down brick by brick. Fort Moultrie, on one side, and Fort Wagner on the other gave a stout defence against all efforts of our boats to enter. It was early seen that our iron-clads and other craft could not expect to enter the harbor, and then followed a long series of attacks by water and land ex- tending down nearly to the end of the war. The Flag-Ofiicer reported after one of these attacks: "I had hoped that the endurance of the iron-clads would have enabled them to have borne any weight of firing to which they might have been ex- posed ; but when I foiind such a large portion of them were wholly or one half disabled by less than an hour's ' engage- ment, I was convinced that persistence in the attacks would result in the loss of the greater portion of the iron-clad fleet." It was decided in 1863 that the place coiild not be taken In- a purely naval at- tack. The administration had been full of confidence that the Monitors would annihilate all obstacles. Many blockade runners were captured by this Squadron, but enough were suc- cessful to make the traffic very valuable. The blockade round Charleston Harbor extended in a long line well out to sea. Although drawn closer at night, the chances for blockade runners were very good. Then there was the fear concern- ing rams which the South was constantly creating, though most of them were in- efficient. One brilliant record was made in the destruction of the privateer Nashville, "a side-wheeler, of excellent speed, which had been put in shape for marauding on the ocean. After having been detained up the Ogeechee River some months, by the blockading force, keeping always above Fort McAllister, the captain evi- dently decided to go out on high tides. Just then Commader Worden reported his arrival with the iron-clad Montauk and most fortunate in time, for the Nashville had got aground. Fort McAllister pre- sented an insuperable obstacle to ascend- ing the river, but on the other hand the Montauk was able to withstand the shot of the fort. Accordingly early one morn- ing all the vessels were lander orders to move up and prepare to destroy' the privateer. The wooden vessels fired from safe distances upon the fort, while the Montauk proceeded steadily up the river under the firing of McAllister but paying no attention to the fort. Firing across the marshes with success, the Nashville was set on fire b}' a shot which entered the fire-room. Thus was prevented the possibilities of injuries to our shipping which the Alabama so signally effected. On the descent down the river from the successful attack the Montauk ran on a torpedo, and it was necessary to beach her. The iron-clad was soon patched up and served for a long time at various points. There were constant efforts made bj' the Confederates to raise the blockade on the South Atlantic coast. Many of these dashes were well planned and desperate, so much so that it was necessary for the blockading force to maintain special vigil- ance. One instance will give proof of the condition in the winter of 1863. Two iron-clad rams, Chicora and Palmetto State, came out of the harbor. A fog hung over the bar and protected by this the enemy approached the vessels out- side. At that time the blockading fleet was somewhat diminished owing to the coaling of the Powhatan and Canadaigua at Port Royal. The Housatonic was the only war vessel of any size that was in the ten then distributed over a wide area, five or six miles in length. A vigorous attack was made by these rams. They rammed, fired and successfully made use- less two or three of our vessels, when re- treat was made for a refuge imder the guns of P'ort Sumter. The authorities of 'f l' Minute Men of '61 349 Charleston, owing to the confusion of our fleet, proceeded to declare that the block- ade was raised. This was supported by a proclamation immediately issued by Beauregard and Ingraham, commanding general and senior officer, declaring that the Southern Naval force "had sunk, dis- persed or drove off out of sight, the entire blockading fleet." Although this statement was false there was enough truth in it to give wings to the report, and for a time it was generall}- thought that this was actually histor}-. One good result was the necessity, clearly shown, of strengthening the force off Charleston Harbor, which was immediately done. A little later another attempt was made to raise the blockade through the instru- mentality of a new ram. This was thwarted by the vigilance of Captain John Rogers, of the iron-clad Weehawken. He handled his craft so effectively that the ram was. speedily put out of comniis- .sion. There were not so manv exciting scenes in the experience of the South Atlantic Squadron as in the Gulf, where Farragut established his great fame, but there was a vast amount of faithful block- ading dut}', and some incidents of a stirring character. GULF SQUADRON We will now make a brief report of the Gulf Squadron, in which the name of Farragut shines with great lustre. There w'ere other capable officers assocciated with him, and forever identified with the campaign of the Mississippi River and Gulf, but Farragut's leadership stands fascinatingly prominent. The two great events in the histor\' of this squadron was the opening of the Mississippi, which in- volved great dangers and brilliant victor- ies, and the battle of Mobile Bay. The blockading work embraced the coast from the Rio Grande to Florida. We will not describe here the prelimi- nary movements by which the drawing of the blockade was tighter and tighter, and the preparations for clearing the Missis- sippi were matured. Many lirave things were done and progress was slowly Init surely made under the command of of- ficers of the Navy whose names and deeds will always be cherished. Operations were not confined to the mouth of the INIississippi but advance was also pushed at the North, starting from Cairo, Illinois. It was very clear to the administration of the North that the Mississippi must be made available for our troops, and that the forts along the banks must be demol- ished. The naval movements from the upper waters were so well carried on that in July 1862, they joined hands with the Union fleet, which had been making its way from the mouth of the river, and this was done at Vicksburg. We will trace the historv of that notable triumph for our forces. The task of opening the Mississippi from its mouth was given to Captain David G. Farragut, appointed to the com- mand of the Western Gulf Blockading Squadron, in January 1862. He had in his Flag-ship, the Hartford, tweny-four guns. A fleet of twenty mortar schooners, with a flotilla of six gun-boats, under the command of David D. Porter, afterwards Admiral, were a part of the expedition. The whole squadron when assembled con- sisted of four screw-sloops, one side- wheel steamer, three screw-corvetts and nine screw gun-boats, in all seventeen vessels of all classes, carr^-ing aboiit one hundred and fifty-four guns, exclusive of brass howitzers. The Mississippi Scjuadron was soon put into fighting condition, and proceeded slowly lip the river. Opposed to it was a rather limited arra}- of vessels, which the Confederacy had bought and reconstructed. There was one iron-clad, the Manassas, with some power as a ram, Imt not easily haiidle