Qass. 
 Book. 
 
 45_7 
 
 .? 
 
 .113^ 
 
S'l 
 
 THE ASSASSINATION: 
 
 ITS 
 
 mom t0 iowng '^en, 
 
 A DISCOURSE 
 
 DELIVERED IN THE 
 
 FIRST CONSTITUTIONAL PRESBYTERIANr:fflII]JCH, 
 
 MAY 7, 186 5. "^^^^i^ij^ WASWH^! 
 
 BY REV. H. DUNNING, Pastor, 
 II 
 
 PRINTED BY REQUEST. 
 
 BALTIMORE, .... JOHN W. WOODS, PRINTER, 
 202 Baltimore Street, 
 
 18 6 5. 
 

DISCOURSE. 
 
 Diogenes, the cynic, is said to have lighted a candle and 
 to have gone through the streets of Athens, at noon-day, 
 searcMng for a man. In these later days, it might not 
 require the same diligence of search to discover the man 
 descrihed in the text — the young man '■'■void of understand- 
 ing." Eumor has it that this class is numerous, although 
 should you, like the ancient cynic, go up and down the streets 
 making inquiry of all the young men you meet, you would 
 not find one, perhaps, that would say, "I am he whom 
 you seek." The young man who is "void of understand- 
 ing" is unfortunately the last to make the discovery of the 
 fact. This should make all young men, at least, modest in 
 their assumption of an unusual degree of understanding. 
 The case in hand to-night, all will agree, is a striking ex- 
 ample of the class spoken of in the text. If there ever 
 lived a young man utterly '^void of understanding," it was 
 the guilty author of that shocking crime which has struck 
 the world with horror, and made its perpetrator supremely 
 infamous among all the criminals of time. If the circum- 
 stances did but permit it, it would be a great relief to believe 
 that he was, indeed, wholly void of understanding,; that he 
 was utterly and beyond accountability insane. But, un- 
 fortunately, no such plea can be presented to extenuate his 
 appalling guilt. In all its fearful enormity it must rest 
 upon his soul forever. His account has, indeed, been soon 
 
4 
 
 made up, and, sooner than he exj)ected, he has had to meet 
 the accusing sj)irit of our murdered President. 
 
 It was a young man that committed this horrid crime; 
 and this wouhl certainly justify, if, indeed, it does not re- 
 quire, that I should not permit the occasion to pass with- 
 out calling- the attention of the young men to some of those 
 lessons wliich this tragic event would seem to inculcate — ■ 
 and this is the duty hefore us at this time. 
 
 One lesson presents itself so clearly hefore us all, that he 
 who runs may read. It is a lesson upon the danger tvhich 
 environs every young man who will not steadily and persist- 
 ently resist the temptations to evil which constantly heset 
 him. Such is the depraved condition of the human heart, 
 that no man is safe who yields to the slightest solicitations 
 to wrong-doing. The first, step but opens the door to the 
 second, and once upon the inclined plane of crime the 
 descent is natural and rapid to perdition. This deed 
 proves that there is no possible measure of crime which the 
 heart of man, under the power of temptation, excited by 
 evil influences and unchecked by restraints, may not be in- 
 duced to fill up. You may now resent with honest indig- 
 nation the imputation of the possibility of your ever com- 
 mitting such a crime. God grant you never may. But 
 Hazael, the young courtier of the king of Syria, with equal 
 indignation, repelled the im^Dutation of the weeping 
 prophet, who foretold his future crimes. — "What, is thy 
 servant a dog that he should do this thing?" But, in a 
 few days, he assassinated his master, the king, and usurped 
 his throne, and for forty years his reign was one huge crime. 
 What influences were brought to bear upon the mind 
 of this young man, what motives, unhallowed and demo- 
 niac, urged him on, we may not be able, wholly, here 
 to discover ; but we can see enough to know that if yielded 
 to, if not sternly resisted, they would ruin any j^oung man 
 First, he was in heart disloyal to the Government 
 under which he consented to live. This spirit of dis- 
 loyalty he cherished until it grcAv into a deep, bitter, 
 
rancorous hatred. This was the fundamental crime of this 
 young man. It was that which constituted the basis on 
 which the whole superstructure of iniquity was raised. 
 This rancorous spirit, nourished and brooded over in the 
 dark recesses of his soul, was excited and inflamed by those 
 bad influences, which unhappily were all the while operat- 
 ing upon him, some of which we shall soon notice. 
 
 A second operating cause leading him onward to destruc- 
 tion, was the influence of the had company with which he 
 associated himself. This company was such as to all the 
 while stimulate and inflame the malign passions which he 
 was cherishing in his heart. Here was the great misfortune 
 of this bad young man. He seems to have had no friend 
 who, when he was venting his hatred against the Govern- 
 ment and the President, its representative, could lay the 
 hand of kind restraint upon his passions and subdue the 
 tempest which agitated his soul. 
 
 Young gentlemen, the habitues of the drinking saloon, 
 the gaming table, and the brothel are not those which will 
 be likely to dissuade a young man from the evil which, in 
 the silent chambers of his soul, he may be meditating. 
 
 There was, perhaps, also a vain and wicked craving for 
 notoriety, like an evil spirit, stirring him up and urging 
 him onward incessantly to the commission of the crime. 
 He, perhaps, longed for that "bad eminence" which so 
 enormous a crime would give him before the world ; and 
 was not unwilling, as he himself once intimated, to associ- 
 ate himself in immortal infamy with that hero in crime, 
 who, in order to immortalize his, name, fired the temple of 
 Ephesus, but whose name, strange enough, the world has 
 refused to remember. 
 
 And to all these operating causes and influences we must 
 add, that total zvant of those moral and religious restraints 
 which a, proper education vfoiild have imposed upon him, 
 and which would have withheld him from even tlie a}>prov- 
 ing contemplation of so dire a crime. 
 
 These are some of the motives and influences wliich, 
 
6 
 
 operating upon that nature susceptible of evil which we 
 all possess, and which, unrestrained by education, com- 
 panionship, conscience, judgment, or any moral or religious 
 influences, at length secured the commission of this horrid 
 crime, and the consignment to eternal infamy of its author. 
 
 And the lesson which we would have every young man 
 draw from it is this, the danger of cherishing such a spirit ; 
 or for a moment harboring such unhallowed designs or 
 desires ; and of seeking such company and influences as 
 would only serve to influence and stimulate to the commis- 
 sion of crime. Under such influences, no young man, 
 though he may now, like Hazael, resent the imputation 
 with scorn, is guaranteed or secure against the commission of 
 any, even the most enormous and revolting, crimes. Let no 
 young man trust the strength of his own good purpose and 
 will, and so run into temptation. The wise man says, 
 "He that trusteth to his own heart is a fool." And the 
 case before us illustrates the danger of cherishing malig- 
 nant feelings, and of approvingly contemplating a crime, 
 which we may at the time have no thought or heart to 
 commit. The stimulation of bad company, and wine, and 
 opportunity, may, at any time, make us the executors of the 
 crime itself. He who dallies with temptation to wrong- 
 doing, is well nigh fallen already. He who approvingly 
 contemplates the wrong of another is "void of understand- 
 ing," and is not himself a moment safe. 
 
 "Enter not into the path of the wicked, and go not in 
 the way of evil men. Avoid it, pass not by it, — turn from it, 
 and pass away. For they sleep not except they have done 
 mischief ; and their sleeji is taken away except they cause 
 some to fall. For they eat the bread of wickedness ; and 
 drink the wine of violence." — Prov. iv, 13, &c. 
 
 "Be not wise in thine own eyes ; fear the Lord, and 
 depart from evil. It shall be health to thy navel, and 
 marrow to thy bones." — Prov. iii, 7, 8. 
 
 2. — A second lesson which is impressed upon us by this 
 great crime is the danger to young men of cherishing a dis- 
 loyal spirit to the Government under ivhich they live. 
 
Obedience to lawfully constituted Grovernment is every 
 where enjoined as a sacred duty in the word of God ; and it 
 is required that that obedience be rendered not only to the 
 good but to the froward and the perverse ; and it is further- 
 moro required, that obedience be rendered, not from fear of 
 punishment, but from conscience toward God, — obedience 
 to rulers being duty to God. The cherishing of a disloyal 
 spirit to a divinely constituted Government is, therefore, a 
 sin against God. Now, it is not so much the sin as the 
 danger to young men of cherishing this spirit to which we 
 now call your special attention. Young men are proverbial, 
 not so much for their ]3rudence and discretion as for the 
 fire, ardor and impulse of their feelings. With them, from 
 feeling to action it is often but a moment and a step. 
 Hence, if they imbibe wrong principles and cherish wrong 
 feelings, they are always in danger of being stimulated to 
 wrong action ; and hence, if a young man cherishes malign 
 or rancorous feelings towards the Government under wliich 
 he lives, and whose protection he receives, he is in danger 
 of being spurred up by evil influences or circumstances to 
 seek the destruction of that Government, and that commonly 
 ends in his own destruction. This unhappy young man 
 was, perhaps, not more virulent or bitter in his feelings 
 than many others ; but, feeling as he did, and the influ- 
 ences brought to bear upon him being what they unhappily 
 were, and incited by the devil to perhaps a mad ambition 
 to immortalize his name, though it were in infamy, he was 
 urged to strike a blow at the existence of Government 
 itself, and to the doing of a deed from which, perhaps, not 
 long ago, he would have shrunk with horror. To that 
 supremacy of crime he never coukl have arrived, however 
 much lie may have disapproved the measures of the admin- 
 istration of the Government, if he had cherished a. proper 
 spirit of obedience to the Government itself, irrespective of 
 the man or men who might at any time administer the 
 Government. Men die, but Governments, being of God, 
 survive ; and our loyal obedience to Government, whoever 
 
8 
 
 for tlie time may rightfully administer it, should be as true, 
 permanent and unchanging as is that divinely constituted 
 Government itself. But if young men allow themselves to 
 cherish the spirit of rancorous disloyalty towards the Gov- 
 ernment under which they consent to live, they may, in an 
 unexpected moment, be incited by the devil to give body 
 and act to their feelings, in a way which will load their 
 names with infamy forever, and burden their souls with 
 the guilt of a crime which eternity cannot expiate. The 
 spirit of true loyalty to the Government to which he owed 
 allegiance, would have saved this young man from the 
 commission of a crime unparalleled in the history of the 
 world, and from that untimely and horrid doom which has 
 so soon overtaken him. I would be recreant to my duty, 
 as a minister of Jesus Christ, and false to the welfare of 
 the young men I address, and to the convictions of my own 
 judgment and conscience, if I failed, young gentlemen, to 
 say these things to you at this time. I appeal to your calm 
 and mature reflection. Judge ye of the truth and propri- 
 ety of what 1 say. 
 
 3. — We would have you also observe, as a third lesson 
 of this tragic event, how crime overleaps and defeats itself. 
 
 Whatever may have been the motive which instigated 
 this atrocious deed, it has been defeated. Was it, as the 
 criminal himself declared, to aid the rebel cause ? Nothing 
 could have done it a greater disservice. Was it to injure 
 the cause of the Government ? Nothing could so efficiently 
 have served that cause throughout the world. Was it re- 
 venge upon the President whom he slew ? He has immor- 
 talized his virtues as a ruler, and crowned his memory 
 with the glories of martyrdom, and made his name thrice 
 honored and dear to his country and to humanity forever. 
 Was it notoriety he sought before the world, as the reward 
 of so great a crime ? It is infamy, deep, damning and 
 eternal, which he has reaped. Was it honor and reward 
 from those in arms against the Government ? All they, 
 except robbers and assassins, reject his aid, denounce his 
 
9 
 
 deed, and rejoice in the SAvift-footed justice which has over- 
 taken him. Was it to arrest the progress of the cause of 
 emancipation, which the criminal hated and the President 
 loved ? The blood of the President has, nnder God, sealed 
 irrevocably the success of that cause. Was it, by takino- 
 away the head of Government, to create a revolution, as 
 was attempted in tlie West last summer, and thus destroy 
 the Government and introduce anarchy and confusion 
 throughout the land ? Nothing could so effectually have 
 defeated its own aim, and liave cemented and welded and 
 intensified tlie power of this Government as the martyrdom 
 of its twice chosen head. Was it designed to destroy the 
 personal influence and popularity of Mr. Lincoln? Oh! 
 infatuation of crime, nothing could so certainly and so im- 
 measurably have deepened, hardened, strengthened and 
 perpetuated that influence and popularity, even to the re- 
 motest ages, as his assassination. See then young gen- 
 tlemen, see how crime overleaps itself and defeats its own 
 vain and wicked ends. Whatever may have been his pur- 
 ])0se and design, was there ever a crime Avhich more com- 
 pletely defeated itself? Was there ever a young man so 
 '■'■utterly void of understanding" as was he? Let not then 
 this lesson, young men, fail of its due impressi(Ui upon 
 your hearts and lives. Nothing will so certify your suc- 
 cess in life as to he right; and nothing will so surely defeat 
 your aims as to he lurong. Your very success will itself be 
 your defeat. This lesson evolves itself from the history of 
 this crime ; and every one, but he that is "void of under- 
 standing," must feel and acknowledge its solemn impres- 
 siveness. This lesson must go forth upon the young men 
 of this nation with an increasingly salutary influence ; and 
 it will illustrate the impossibility of destroying the influ- 
 ence of a good ruler by killing him ; tlie blindness and in- 
 fatuation of crime ; and the methods in whicli God will 
 make even this great "wrath of man to praise Him." 
 
 4. — And there is here, also, a most instructive lesson 
 upon the certainty of crime overtaking its author. 
 
10 
 
 This crime was so planned by its actor as to give tlieat- 
 I'ical effect to the whole tragedy. It was to be enacted in 
 the theatre ; the actor was to leap upon the stage, utter 
 his tragic exclamation before thepetrified audience ; and then 
 suddenly disappear in the darkness, and so safely escape. 
 The plan was well laid, why should it not have succeeded, 
 and the criminal now, beyond the reach of justice, be rev- 
 elling with his co-conspirators in the rewards and promised 
 honors of their crime ? Because, young gentlemen, God 
 hates crime, and sets his trap for the criminal. What was 
 it that, perhaps more than anything else, defeated this 
 well laid plan of final escape, and secured the speedy dog's 
 death and burial of the assassin ? Was it not that same 
 flag itself which he hated ? It caught him by his spur, 
 threw him upon the stage, fractured his limb and thus 
 ultimately delayed and prolonged his flight until the 
 agents of justice overtook him, and a speedy retribution 
 was visited upon him. How little could the infuriated ac- 
 tor in that tragedy have foreseen how the Providence of 
 Grod was arranging for his capture and his punishment. 
 How little could he have anticipated that so trifling a cause 
 should certify so speedy a retribution ? The surest pledge 
 of the discovery and the avenging of crime is, under the 
 providence of God, the crime itself. When once commit- 
 ted, it is gone forth to the world, and who shall hide its 
 author? The winds may whisper his name; the sun, the 
 moon, the stars may reveal it. The flag whose majesty he 
 despises may accuse him. The spur, whose aid he seeks in 
 escape, may arrest him. The limb, that was to aid his 
 flight, may prevent it. Every means designed to facilitate 
 escape may impede it. All agencies and instrumentalities, 
 from the moment of the commission of a crime, become the 
 servants of God's providence and justice, to reveal the 
 criminal and avenge his crime. The certainty of punish- 
 ment overtaking the criminal is written as the lesson upon 
 every page of history ; and it is only the blind that cannot 
 see it, and the man "void of understanding" that will not 
 regard it. 
 
11 
 
 Let the young men who hear me bear this lesson along 
 with them into the temptations to wrong-doing by which 
 they are daily beset. Be not deceived by the tempter 
 when he cries against Grod, "ye shall not surely die," 
 "ye shall not surely suffer for wrong-doing." Listen not 
 to his persuasions. Once committed, the telegraph in- 
 stantly spreads your crime over the world, and all the 
 agents of justice set out upon your track ; and even quicker 
 than the lightning of the telegraph, God's omniscience 
 has reported it, and at his appointed time, his providence 
 will reveal the criminal, and his justice will avenge the 
 crime. 
 
 Prov. xix, 27. — "Cease my son," cries the wise man, 
 "to hear instruction that causeth to err from the words of 
 knowledge. 
 
 "Judgments are prepared for scorners, and stripes for 
 the back of fools." 
 
 Prov. V, 22, 23. — "His own iniquities shall take the 
 wicked himself, and he shall be holden with the cords of 
 his sins, he shall die without instruction and in the great- 
 ness of his folly he shall go astray." 
 
 Such, young gentlemen, are some of the lessons to which 
 I have begged the privilege of calling your attention, as 
 suggested by this awful crime, which has shocked and hor- 
 rified you all. Others have, doubtless, suggested them- 
 selves to your minds. Only the young man "void of un- 
 derstanding" could have permitted such an event to occur 
 without having derived from it impressive lessons and in- 
 fluences for his own improvement and guidance. Be as- 
 sured you cannot too faithfully meditate these lessons, or 
 too anxiously seek their healthful influence upon your lives. 
 We live in a day of peculiar temptations and trials to 
 young men. How many in these days are taught to con- 
 sider the greatest crimes known to human laws as virtues ? 
 How many are taught to heroize the man who lifts his hand 
 against the majesty of law and government, and who seeks 
 madly to destroy the foundations of authority and estab- 
 
r^ 
 
 12 
 
 lished order ? Young gentlemen, be not deceived by these 
 delusions and sophisms by which thousands, "void of un- 
 derstanding," have been lured on to their destruction. 
 Shun, as you would the devil, the man who extenuates or 
 ajDologizes for this crime. Rise above the excitements of 
 the hour and take your stand upon the platform of those 
 great moral and religious principles, which shall survive 
 the changes, shocks and revolutions of time, and withstand 
 the trials even of the final day. 
 
 I exceedingly regret that this criminal was a young man. 
 Such unhallowed pre-eminence in crime should have been 
 reserved for the hoary headed villain whom long practice in 
 iniquity had made insensible to its guilt. I lament that the 
 dishonor should have fallen upon that class, which, I was 
 about to say, more than any other I respect and love. 
 But though it was a young man that did it, it was not the 
 young men that did it. I fain would believe that there is 
 not another young man in all our land of such hardihood 
 in crime as to be willing to damn himself to such immortal 
 infamy. I rejoice to exculpate you all from the complicity 
 of even the first emotion of approval of this horrid crime ; 
 and I shall ever pray that God will give you grace for 
 every hour of temptation; deliver you from all evil; guide 
 you through a true, honorable and upright life; and, 
 finally, bring you all, through the mediation and death of 
 our gracious Redeemer, to the home of the blessed on high. 
 
 Amen.