1 .Yi jM'::? ":;'/>■: ■■•:■> ; -■/;-■.•„-:■ ■''.^^' .'' ;^; took ^ n n Y] 5: .7-T^r r^ i-^- ~tr~ > - ' u <&—i cmorui AND I \" BIOGRAPHICAL HISTOR\' r >OF« .m Dallas Qodpty, Jexas. . . ILiLiUSTt^ATED . • . Coqtainiqg a History of thiis liriportant Sectioq of tlqe great State of Texas, from the Earliest Period of its Occupancy to the Preserit Tiir|e. together witli Glirrlp;^es of its Future Prospects; with ^^ Full-Page Portraits of the Presidents of tl^o United States, and also Full-Page Portraits of some of the rrjost Erqiqeqt Meq of the County, and Biograpl-iical Mention of tT|ai-[y of its Piorieers, ar|d also of Prominent Citizens of To-day. "A people that take no pride in the noble achievements of remote ancestors will never achieve anything worthy to be rcmcmliered with pr'de by remote descendants." — Ma!5 Fire Department 286 The Burninv' of the City in 1860 '.'hd HeuUli Depaiimeuir ,296 Street Railways *ii: Dallas as a Financial Cenlt-r '-S'' Board of Trade 303 Incorporated Companies SOT Societies, etc 306 DhIIus Club •'"9 Hebrew Drganizations '"0 Labor Organizations 310 Huckner Orphans' Home 310 St. Mary's Institute 311 College of Pharmacy 312 The Press 313 Education 316 Churches .... 319 Oak Cliir 32* Lancaster 3-.'9 Garland 331 Mbsquite 333 Cedar HiLi 385 Richardson 837 iV CONT^NtS. BIOGI^APHIGAL SI^ETGHES. A Abbott, E. A 988 Abram3, W. H 826 Abright, K. VV a'9 Akard, W. C 391 Alford, G. F 749 Allen, J. W 939 Allen, S. A 482 Alterraann, C. F 589 Arbuckle, J 358 Archer, W. H 1002 Ardrej', A. C 855 Armstroug, V. P 677 Armstrong, W. P 936 Arnold, J. C 776 Ashtou, Lawrence 914 Attebery, S. C 527 Atwell, B. I) 683 Atwell, W. II 1009 Atwood, W. E 871 Atwood, W. K 871 Aulick, W. VV 466 Austin, Frank 363 B Bailey, T. C 664 Ballard, J. S 780 Baker, A 574 Baker, D. M 454 Baker, J.N 739 Baker, J. T 542 Harlow, II. C 40U iBarham, C. F 366 Baurannu, Julius 406 Bean, S. H 425 u JVC- r. ?' 933 Beaver, J. T 529 Bechtol, Daniel 544 Bechtol, E. C 928 Beckley, J. S 586 Beeman, J. E 747 Beeman, Scott 355 Beeman, W. H 856 Beggs, Thomas 367 Beilharz, T. M 728 Bekkers, W. J 775 Bell, Jackson "JSl Bell, W. B 917 Benbrook, Monroe 474 Bennett, II. B 394 Bennett, W. H 4.52 Bernard, C. H 626 Bernard, Thomas 889 Best, W. E 444 Bigger, J. C 383 Biair, R A 658 Illakenev, Joseph 390 Boales. W. II 708 Bohny, L. F 628 Boll, 'Henry 625 Bolton, E. W 609 Bond, S. D 364 Borah, Wm. J 550 Boren, I. T 421 Boucbe, A. E 720 Boulay, D 392 Bowles, Thomas '.T:. 857 Bowser, O. P 897 Boyce, J. 1) 913. Boyd, J. L 498 Boydstun, J.G rm Bramlett, J. M 67y Bradlord. B. M 697 Braley, W. H. II 736 Branih, Wharton 419 Brandenburg. B. F 458 Branson, Thomas 578 Branson, B, L 4:^8 Braswell, S. N 775 Breunan, T. F 915 Briggs, J. K 497 Britain, J. M 371 Britain, Joseph 846 Brooks, E. P 881 Brotherton, C. R 888 Brotherton, H. K 571 Brown, A. O 591 Brown, J. H 445 Brown, J. W 577 Brown, T. C 612 Brown, T.J. A 804 Brownlee, A 662 Brownlee, J. H 650 Brundage, S. : 657 Bruion, liichard 958 Bryan, ,j. B 692 Bryan, John 514 Brvaut, W. N 851 Bu'ckner, H. C 468 Buhrer, Jacob 623 Bullock, G. T 4.53 Bullock, W. C 7l4 Burchardt, A. T 641 Burford, N. M .. 337 Burgoon, Henry 464 Burke, R. E 998 Burke, W. D 373 Burns, J. S 684 Buslrin, Wm 671 Butler, P. J 784 Cabell, B. E 944 Cabell, W. L 605 Cade, Tom 459 Caldwell. J F ; 563 Caldwell, S. W 620 Callaway, Jesse 391 Cameron, D. F 902 Campbell, W. L 552 Capy, C. A 491 Carden, A. 564 Carnes. A. W 810 Carrell, N A 906 Carrulhers, S 567 Carson, T. F 937 Carter, Isaac 660 Carulh, Walter 529 Carver, Albert ^90 Caven, W.J 426 Cavender, S. C 906 Chapman, J. C 347 Cherry, T. G 565 Childers, J. V 389 Childress, A. W 861 Chilton, R. H 720 Clark, M. M 518 Coats, Lee 618 Cochran, A. M 669 Cochrau, J. H 685 Cochran, J. M 583 Cochran, W. P 737 Cockrell, Alexander 773 Coe, W. N 845 Coffey, J. F 449 Coffman, B. F 647 Cole, George C 1001 Cole, J. H .'.'.T. .-.-. . 464 Cole, J. R 656 Cole, M. V...-- 370 Cole, Wra. p 639 Cole, W. R 517 Coleman, L. W 567 Compton, B. 945 Cone. M. T 452 Connor, W. 471 Conroy, J. J 848 Coolidge, J. B 894 Coombes, Z Ellis 804 Cooper, I) 665 Cooper, T. C 734 Corcoran, J. T 809 Cornelils, August 573 Cornelius. A. P 905 Cottman, W. F 568 Cour, C. A 931 Co.\, Susan 927 Coyle, H. B 548 Craddock, L 783 Crawford. J. A 723 Cross, 8. P 729 Crouch, Joseph 670 Crutcher, G. W 775 Cullom, W. C 871 Cummins, W. F 866 CONTENTS. Curlis, J. H 978 Curtis, W. F 033 D Dallas Club Daniel, J. H Daniel, J. W Dargan, J. T. . . . Darwin, II. C... Davis, A. P .... DaTis, B. T Davis, F. S Davis. J. \V Davis, M. M Dawdj-, A De Frese. G. L . . Dennett, H. A. . . Dickey, P. J .... Dillej, G. M Dennis, A. .J Disborongb, W. A Di.\on. J. W Dixon. S. H Dooliille. E. W.. Doran, William.. Dougherty, W. F. Doyle, G. L Duncan, J. S Duncan, J. T Durgin, C. 11 . 303 . 773 . &7!» . 433 . 730 . 381 . 353 . 759 . »55 . 970 . 639 . 564 . 576 . 730 . 841 . 903 . 830 . 424 . 379 . 746 . 8!i3 .1001 . 875 48.> . 040 . 717 E Eakin, T. E 570 Ebrite, L. C 467 Eckford, J. J 867 Edgerton, M. T St77 Edmondson, .1. W 438 Elliott, .lohn F 823 Ellis,.!, n 990 Ellis, T. McKee 641 Elli.-3 Hurt, R. M 715 Uuvelle, (.' H .. 473 Jack, Clinton 885 ^. ^^i^^^^^d^^C-^V^cT^^/-^ GFORGE WASHfXGTON. .'ffTti'.'i'- «*• -I-, "t^ _•!•_ «^. ■;-_ • 1- ;^'-sid-^is?o[r5; . ^^ ►V;*.--^-. EORGE WASHING- TON, the " Father of liis Country" and its lirst President, 1789- '97, was born Febru- ary 22, 1732, in Wash- '•'if - ington Parish, West- moreland Count}', Virginia. His father, Augustine Wash- inijton, first married Jane But- ^(^'■'}fX%'^ ier, who bore him four cfiii- iCT'^O^ dren, and March 6, 1730, he married Mary Ball. Of six children by his second mar- riage, George was the eldest, tlie otiicrs being Betty, Sanuiel, John, Au- gustine, Charles and Mildred, of whom the youngest died in infancy. Little is known of the early years of Washington, beyond the fact that the house in which he was born was burned during his early child- hood, and that his father thereupon moved tf) another farm, inherited from his paternal ancestors, situated in Stafforti Count}', on the north bank of the l^appahannock, where he acted as agent of the Principio Iron Works in the immediate vicinity, and died there in 1743. From earliest childhood George devel- oped a noble character. He had a vigorous constitution, a fine form, and great bodily strength. His education was somewhat de- fective, being confined to the elementary branches taught him by his mother and at a neighboring school. He developed, how- ever, a fondness for mathematics, and en- joyed in that branch the instructions of a private teacher. On leaving school he re- sided for some time at Mount Vernon with his half brother, Lawrence, who acted as his guardian, and who had married a daugh- ter of his neighbor at Bclvoir on the Poto- mac, the wealthy William Fairfax, for some time president of the executive council of the colony. Both Fairfax and his son-in-law, Lawrence Washington, had served with dis- tinction in 1740 as officers of an American battalion at the siege of Carthagena, and were friends and correspondents of Admiral Vernon, for whom the latter's residence on the Potomac has been named. George's inclinations were for a similar career, and a midshi[)man's warrant was procured for him, probably through the influence of the Admiral ; but through the opposition of his motlier the project was abandoned. The family connection with the Fairfaxes, how- ever, opened another career for the young man, who, at the age of sixteen, was ap- pointed surveyor to the immense estates of the eccentric Lord Fairfax, who was then on a visit at Belvoir, and who shortly after- ward established his baronial residence at Green way Court, in the Shenandoah Vallc}'. PRES/DfiNTS OF THE UN f TED STATES. Three years were passed by young Wash- ington in a rough frontier life, gaining ex- perience which afterward proved very es- sential to him. In 1 75 1, when the Virginia mihtia were put urder training with a view to active service against France, Washington, though only nineteen years of age, was appointed Adjutant with the rank of Major. In Sep- tember of that year the faiHng health of Lawrence Washington rendered it neces- sary for him to seek a warmer climate, and Ge irge accompanied him in a voyage to Bai xidoes. They returned early in 1752, and Lawrence shortly afterward died, leav- ing hi ^ large property to an infant daughter. In his will George was named one of the executors and as eventual heir to Mount Vernon, and by the death of the infant niece soon succeeded to that estate. 'On the arrival of Robert Dinwiddie as Lieutenant-Governor of Virginia in 1752 the militia was reorganized, and the prov- ince divided into four districts. Washing- ton was commissioned by Dinwiddie Adju- tant-General of the Northern District in 1753, and in November of that year a most important as well as hazardous mission was assigned him. This was to proceed to the Canadian posts recently established on French Creek, near Lake Erie, to demand in the name of the King of England the witiidrawal of the French from a tcrritor3' claimed by Virginia. This enterprise had been declined by more than one officer, since it involved a journey through an ex- tensive and almost unexplored wilderness in the occupancy of savage Indian tribes, either hostile to the English, or of doubtful attachment. Major Washington, however, accepted the commission with alacrit}' ; and, accompanied by Cajitain Gist, he reached Fort Le Boeuf on French Creek, delivered his dispatches and received reply, which, of course, was a polite refusal to surrender the posts. This reply was of such a character as to induce the Assembly of Virginia to authorize the executive to raise a regiment of 300 men for the purpose of maintaining the asserted rights of the British crown over the territory claimed. As Washing- ton declined to be a candidate for that post, the command of this regiment was given to Colonel Joshua Fry, and Major Washing- ton, at his own request, was commissioned Lieutenant-Colonel. On the march to Ohio, news was received that a party previously sent to build a fort at the confluence of the Monongahela with the Ohio had been driven back by a considerable French force, which had completed the work there be- gun, and named it Fort Duquesne, in honor of the Marquis Duquesne, then Governor of Canada. This was the beginning of the great " French and Indian war," which con- tinued seven years. On the death of Colonel Fry, Wasiiington succeeded to the com- mand of the regiment, and so well did he fulfill his trust tiiat tlie Virginia Assembly commissioned him as Connnander-in-Chief of all the forces raised in the colony. A cessation of all Indian hostility on the frontier having followed the expulsion of the French from the Ohio, the object of Washington was accomplished and he re- signed his commission as Commander-in- Chief of the Virginia forces. He then pro- ceeded to Williamsburg to take his seat in the General Assembly, of which he had been elected a member. January 17, 1759, Washington married Mrs. Martha (Dandridge) Custis, a young and beautiful widow of great wealth, and de- voted himself for the ensuing fifteen years to the quiet pursuits of agriculture, inter- rupted only by his annual attendance in winter upon the Colonial Legislature at Williamsburg, until summoned by his country to enter upon that other arena in which his fame was to become world wide. It is unnccessar}' here to trace the details of the struggle upon the question of local GEORGE WASHINGTON. self-government, which, after ten years, cul- minated by act of Parliament of the port of Boston. It was at the instance of \'irginia that a congress of all the colonics was called to meet at Philadelphia Septembers, '774' tosecure their common liberties — if possible b}' peaceful means. To this Congress Colonel Washington was sent as a dele- gate. On dissolving in October, it recom- mciulcd tiie colonies to send deputies to another Congress the following spring. In ihe meantime several of the colonies felt impelled to raise local forces to repel in- sults and aggressions on the part of British troops, so that on the assembling of the next Congress, May lo, 1775, tiie war prepara- tions of the mother country' were unmis- takable. The battles of Concord and Lex- ington had been fought. Among the earliest acts, therefore, of the Congress was the selection of a commander-in-chief of the colonial forces. This office was unani- mously conferred upon Washington, still a member of the Congress. He accepted it on June 19, but on tiie express condition he should receive no salarj-. He immediately repaired to the vicinity of Boston, against which point the British ministry had concentrated their forces. As early as April General Gage had 3,000 troops in and around this proscribed cit)-. During the fall and winter the British policy clearly indicated a purpose to divide pub- lic sentiment and to build up a British party in the colonies. Those who sided with tlie n)inistry were stigmatized by the patriots as " Tories," while the patriots took to them- selves the name of " Whigs." As early as 1776 the leading men had come to the conclusion that there was no hope except in separatic)n and indepen- dence. In May of that year Washington wrote from the head of the army in New York: "A reconciliation with Cireat Brit- ain is impossible When I took command of the army, I abhorred the idea of independence ; but I am now fully satis- fied that nothing else will save us." It is not the object of this sketch to trace the military acts of the patriot hero, to whose hands the fortunes and liberties of the United States were coiifided during the seven years' bloody struggle that ensued until the treaty of 1783, in which England acknowledged the independence of each of the thirteen States, and negotiated with them, jointl}', as separate sovereignties. 1 he ' merits of VV'ashington as a military chief- lain have been considerabl}- discussed, espe- cially b)' writers in his own country. Dur- ing the war he was most bitterly assailed for incompetency, and great efforts were made to disjjlace him ; but he never for a motuent lost the confidence of either the Congress or the people. December 4, 1783, the great commander took leave of his offi- cers in most affectionate and patriotic terms, and went to Annapolis, Maryland, where the Congress of the States was in session, and to that bodv, when peace and order prevailed everywhere, resigned his com- mission and retired to Mount Vernon. It was in 1788 that Washington was called to the chief magistracy of the nation. He received every electoral vote cast in all the colleges of the States voting for the office of President. The 4tli of March, 1789, was the time appointed for the Government of the United Stales to begin its operations, but several weeks elapsed before quorums of both the newly constituted houses of the Congress were assembled. The city of New Yoik was the place where the Congrees then met. April 16 Washington left his home to enter upon the discharge of his new duties. He set out with a purpose ot tniveling i)rivately, and witiiout attracting an)- uublic attention ; but this was impossi- ble. Everywhere on his way he was met with tnronging crowds, eager to see the man wnom the}' regarded as the chief de- fender of their liberties, and everywhere PRESIDEXTS OF THE UNITED STATES. he was hailed with those public manifesta- tions of joy, regard and love which spring spontaneously from the hearts of an affec- tionate and grateful people. His reception in New York was marked by a grandeur and an enthusiasm never before witnessed in that metropolis. The inauguration took place April 30, in the presence of an immense multitude which had assembled to witness the new and imposing ceremony. The oath of office was administered by Robert R. Livingston, Chancellor of the State. When this sacred pledge was given, he retired with the other officials into the Senate chamber, where he delivered his inaugural address to both houses of the newly con- stituted Congress in joint assembly. In the manifold details of liis civil ad- ministration, Washington proved himself equal to the requirements of his position. The greater portion of the first session of the hrst Congress was occupied in passing the necessary statutes fc^r putting the new organization into complete operation. In the discussions brought up in the course of this legislation the nature and character of the new system came under general review. On no one of them did any decided antago- nism of opinion arise. All held it to be a limited government, clothed only with spe- cific powers conferred by delegation from the States. There was no change in the name of the legislative department ; it still remained "the Congress of the United States of America." There was no change in the original flag of the country, and none in the seal, which still remains with the Grecian escutcheon borne by the eagle, with other emblems, under the great and expressive motto, "i; Phtribiis Umiin." The first division of parties arose upon the manner of construing the powers dele- gated, and they were first styled " strict constructionists" and " latitudinarian con- structionists." The former were for con- fining the action of the Government strictly within its specific and limited sphere, while the others were for enlarging its powers by inference and implication. Hamilton and Jefferson, both members of the first cabinet, were regarded as the chief leaders, respect ivel}', of these rising antagonistic parties which have existed, under different names from that day to this. Washington n-as re garded as holding a neutral position between them, though, by mature deliberation, he vetoed the first apportionment bill, in 1790, passed b}' the party headed by Hamilton, which was based upon a principle construct- ively leading to centralization or consoli- dation. This was the first exercise of the veto power under the present Constitution. It created considerable excitement at the time. Another bill was soon passed in pur- suance of Mr. Jefferson's views, which has been adhered to in principle in every ap portionment act passed since. At the second session of the new Con- gress, Washington announced the gratify- ing fact of " the accession of North Caro- lina" to the Constitution of 1787, and June I of the same year he announced by special message the like "accession of the State of Rhode Island," with his congratulations on the happy event which " united under the general Government" all the States which were originally confederated. In 1792, at the second Presidential elec- tion, Washington was desirous to retire; but he 3ielded to the general wish of the country, and was again chosen President by the unanimous vote of every electoral college. At the third election, 1796, he was again most urgently entreated to consent to remain in the executive chair. This he positively refused. In September, before the election, he gave to his countr3'men his memorable Farewell Address, which in lan- guage, sentiment and patriotism was a fit and crowning glory of his illustrious life. After March 4, 1797, he again retired to Mount Vernon for peace, quiet and repose. GEORGE WASHINGTON. M His administration for the two terms had been successful beyond the expectation and hopes of even the most sanguine of his friends. The finances of the country were no longer in an embarrassed condition, the public credit was fully restored, life was given to every department of industry, the workings of the new system in allowing Congress to raise revenue from duties on imports proved to be not only harmonious in its federal action, but astonishing in its results upon the commerce and trade of all the States. The exports from the Union increased from $ 1 9,000,000 to over $56,000,- 000 per annum, while the imports increased in about the same proportion. Three new members had been added to the Union. The progress of the States in their new career under their new organization thus far was exceedingly encouraging, not only to the friends of liberty within their own limits, but to their s)-mpathizing allies in ail climes r.nd countries. 01 the call again made on this illustrious chief to quit his repose at Mount Vernon and take command of all the United States forces, with liic rank of Lieutcnant-General, when war was threatened with France in 1798, nothing need here be stated, except to note the fact as an unmistakable testimo- nial of the high regard in which he was still held by his coiintrvmen, of all shades of po- litical opinion. He patriotically accepted this trust, but a treaty of peace put a stop to all action under it. He again retired to Mount Vernon, where, alter a short and severe illness, he died December 14, 1799, in the sixty-eighth year of his age. The whole countr}- was filled with gloom by this sad intelligence. Men of all parties in poli- tics and creeds in religion, in every State in the Union, united with Congress in " pay- ing honor to the man, first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his country- men." His remains were deposited in a fami'.* vault on tlie baiiks of the Potomac at Mount Vernon, where they still lie entombed. ■--A «4 PlihSIDFNTS OF THE UNITED STATES. m^^^ p^'OHN ADAMS, the second ij President of the United !(E^ States, 1797 to 1801, was born in the present town ''^. of Ouincv, then a portion M-' of jf Braintree, Massachu -■ setts, October 30, 1735. His father was a farmer of mod- erate means, a worthy and indnstrious man. He was a deacon in the church, and was ver3-desironsof gi"ing his son a collegiate educa- tion, hoping that he would become a minister of the gospel. But, as up to this time, the age of fourteen, he had been only a play-boy in the fields and forests, he had no taste for books, he chose farming. On being set to work, however, b)' his father out in the field, the very first day con- verted the boy into a lover of books. Accordingly, at the age of sixteen he entered Harvard College, and graduated in 1755, at the age of twenty, highly esteemed for integrity, energy and ability. Thus, having no capital but his education, he started out into the stormy world at a time of great political excitement, as France and England were then engaged in their great seven-years struggle for the mastery over the New World. The fire of patriotism seized young Adams, and ff)r a time he studied over the question whether he should take to the law, to politics or the army. He wrote a remarkable letter to a friend, making prophecies concerning the future greatness of this country which have since been more than fulfilled. For two years he taught school and studied law, wasting no odd moments, and at the eariy age of twenty-two years he opened a law office in his native town. His inherited powers f)f mind and untiring devotion to his profession caused him to rise rapidly in public esteem. In October, 1764, Mr. x\dams married Miss Abigail Smith, daughter of a clergy- man at Weymouth and a lad}' of rare per- sonal and intellectual endowments, who afterward contributed much to her hus- band's celebrit)'. Soon, the oppression of the British in America reached its climax. The Boston merchants employed an attorney by the name of James Otis to argue the legality of oppressive tax law before the Superior Court. Adams heard the argument, and afterward wrote to a friend concerning the ability displayed, as follows: "Otis was a Hame of fire. With a promptitude of classical allusion, a depth of research, a rapid summary of historical events and dates, a profusion of legal authorities and a //A Jda/rnj yoH!\r AOA.ris. prophetic glance into futurity, lie hurried awa_v all before him. Aiitfrican independence was then and there born. Every man of an immensely crowded audience appeared to me to go awa}', as I did, ready to take up arms." Soon Mr. Adams wrote an essay to be read before the literary club of his town, upon the state of affairs, which was so able as to attract public attention. It was pub- lished in American journals, republished in England, and was pronounced by the friends of the colonists there as " one of the very best productions ever seen from North America." Tlie memorable Stamp Act was now issued, and Adams entered with all the ardor of his soul into political life in order to resist it. He drew up a series of reso- lutions remonstrating against the act, which were adopted at a puljlic meeting of the citizens of liraintrec, and which were sub- sequently adopted, word for word, by moxo. than forty towns in the State. Popular commcjtion prevented the landing of the Stamp Act papers, and the English autiior- ities then closed the courts. The town of Boston therefore appointed Jeremy Grid- Ic}', James Otis and John Adams to argue a petition before the Governor and council for the re-opening of the courts; and while the two first mentioned attorneys based tlieir argument upon tiie distress caused to the peojile by tiie measure, Adams boldly claimed that the Stamp Act was a violation both of the English Constitution and the charter of the Provinces. It is said that this was the first direct denial of the im- limiled right of Parliament over the colo- nies. Soon after this the Stamp Act was repealed. Directly Mr. ,^.dams was employed to defend Anscll Nickerson, who had killed an Englishman in the act of impressing him (Nickerson) into the King's service, and his client was acquitted, the court thus estab- lishing the principle that the infamous royal prerogative of impressment could have no existence in the colonial code. But in 1770 Messrs. Adams and Josiah Quincy defended a party of British soldiers who had been arrested for murder when they had been only obeying Governmental orders; and when reproached for thus ap- parently deserting the cause of popular liberty, Mr. Adams replied that he would a thousandfold rather live under the domina- tion of the worst o( England's kings than under that of a lawless mob. Ne.\t, after s,Mving a term as a member of the Colonial Legislature from Boston, Mr. Adams, find- ing his health affected by too great labor, retired to iiis native home at Braintrec. The year 1774 sor)n arrived, with its fa- mous Boston '• Tea Party," the first open act of rebellion. Adams was sent to the Congress at Philadelphia; and when the Attorney-General announced that Great Britain had " determined on her system, and that her power to execute it was irre- sistible," Adams replied : " I know that Great Britain has determined on her sys- tem, and that very determination deter- mines me on mine. You know tliat I have been constant in my o(ii)ositioii to her measures. The die is now cast. I have passed the Rubicon. Sink or swim, live or die, with ni)' country, is my unalterable determination." The lumor beginning to prevail at Piiiladelfihia that the Congress had independence in view, Adams foresaw that it was too soon to declare it openly. Hj advised every one to remain quiet in that respect; and as soon as it became ap- parent that he himself was for independ- ence, he was advised to hide himself, which he did. The next year the great Revolutionary war opened in earnest, and Mrs. Adams, residing near Boston, kept her husbantl ad- vised by letter of all the events transpiring in her vicinity. The battle of Bunker HiL' 2'RES/DENTS OF THE US'TTED STATES. came on. Congress had to do something immediately. The first thing was to choose a commander-in-chief for the — we can't say " army " — the fighting men of the colonics. The New England delegation was almost unanimous in favor of appoint- ing General Ward, then at the head of the Massachusetts forces, but Mr. Adams urged the appointment of George Washington, then almost unknown outside of his own State. He was appointed without o])po- sition. Mr. Adams offered the resolution, which was adopted, annulling all the ro3'ai authority in the colonies. Having thus prepared the way, a few weeks later, viz., June 7, 1776, Richard Henry Lee, of Vir- ginia, who a few months before had declared that the British Government would aban- don its oppressive measures, now offered the memorable resolution, seconded by Adams, " that these United States are, and of right ought to be, free and independent." Jefferson, Adams, Franklin, Sherman and Livingston were then appointed a commit- tee to draught a declaration of independ- ence. Mr. Jefferson desired Mr. Adams to draw up I he bold document, but the latter persuaded Mr. Jefferson to perform that responsible task. The Declaration drawn up, Mr. Adams became its foremost defender on the floor of Congress. It was signed by all the fifty-five members present, and the next day Mr. Adams wrote to his wife how great a deed was done, and how proud he was of it. Mr. Adains continued to be the leading man of Congress, and the leading advocate of American inde- pendence. Above all other Americans, he was considered by every one the prin- cipal shining mark for British vengeance. Thus circumstanced, he was appointed to the most dangerous task of crossing the ocean in winter, exposed to capture by the British, who knew of his mission, which was to visit Paris and solicit the co-opera- tion of the French. Besides, to take him- self awa}' from the country of which he was the most prominent defender, at that critical time, was an act of the greatest self- sacrifice. Sure enough, while crossing the sea, he had two very narrow escapes from capture ; and the transit was otherwise a stormy and eventful one. During the summer of 1779 he returned home, but was immediately dispatched back to France, to be in readiness there to negotiate terms of peace and commerce with Great Britain as soon as the latter power was ready for such business. But as Dr. Franklin was more popular than heat the court of France, Mr. Adams repaired to Holland, where he was far more successful as a diplomatist. The treaty of peace between the United States and England was finally signed at Paris, January 21, 1783; and the re-action from so great excitement as Mr. Adams had so long been experiencing threw him into a dangerous fever. Before he fully re- covered he was in London, whence he was dispatched again to Amsterdam to negoti- ate another loan. Compliance with this order undermined his physical constitution for life. In 1785 Mr. Adams was appointed envoy to the court of St. James, to meet face to face the very king who had regarded him as an arch traitor! Accordingly he re- paired thither, where he did actuall)' meet and converse with George III.! After a residence there for about three years, he obtained permission to return to America. While in London he wrote and published an able work, in three volumes, entitled : " A Defense of the American Constitution." The Articles, of Confederation proving inefficient, as Adams had prophesied, a carefully draughted Constitution was adopted in 1789, when George Washington was elected President of the new nation, and Adams Vice-President. Congress met for a time in New York, but was removed to Philadelpiiia for ten years, until suitable 'JOHN ADAMS. '9 buildings should be erected at the new capital in the District of Columbia. Mr. Adams then moved his family to Phila- delphia. Toward the close of his term of office the French Revolution culminated, when Adams and Washington rather sympathized with England, and Jefferson with France. The Presidential election of 1796 resulted in giving Mr. Adams the first place by a small majority, and Mr. Jeffer- son the second place. Mr. Adams's administration was consci- entious, patriotic and able. The period was a turbulent one, and even an archangel could not have reconciled the hostile par- ties. Partisanism with reference to Eng- land and France was bitter, and for four years Mr. Adams struggled through almost a constant tempest of assaults. In fact, he was not truly a popular man, and his cha- grin at not receiving a re-election was so great that he did not even remain at Phila- delphia to witness the inauguration of Mr. Jefferson, his successor. The friendly intimacy between these two men was interrupted for about thirteen years of their life. Adams finally made the first advances toward a restoration of their mutual friend- ship, which were gratefully accepted by Jefferson. Mr. Adams was glad of his opportunity to retire to private lile, where he could rest his mind and enjoy the comforts of home. By a thousand bitter experiences he found the path of public duty a thorny one. For twenty-six years his service of the public was as arduous, self-sacrificing and devoted as ever fell to the lot of man. In one im- portant sense he was as much the " Father of his Country " as was Washington in another sense. During these long years of anxiety and toil, in which he was laying, broad and deep, the foundations of the greatest nation the sun ever shone upon, he received from his impoverished country a meager support. The only privilege he carried with him into his retirement was that of franking his letters. Although taking no active part in public affairs, both himself and his son, John Quincy, nobly supported the policy of Mr. Jefferson in resisting the encroachments of England, who persisted in searching American ships on the high seas and dragging from them any sailors that might be designated by any pert lieutenant as British subjects. Even for this noble sup- port Mr. Adams was maligned by thou- sands of bitter enemies ! On this occasion, for the first time since his retirement, he broke silence and drew up a very able paper, exposing the atrocity of the British pretensions. Mr. Adams outlived nearly all his family. Though his physical frame began to give way many years before his death, his mental powers retained their strength and vigor to the last. In his ninetieth year he was gladdened by the popular elevation of his son to the Presidential office, the highest in the gift of the people. A few months more passed away and the 4lh of July, 1826. arrived. The people, unaware of the near approach of the end of two great lives — that of Adams and Jefferson — were making unusual preparations for a national holiday. Mr. Adams lay upon his couch, listening to the ringing of bells, the waftures of martial music and the roar of cannon, with silent emotion. Only four days before, he had given for a public toast, " Independence forever." About two o'clock in the after- noon he said, "And Jefferson still survives." But he was mistaken by an hour or so; and in a few minutes he had breathed his last. PRESrOENTS OF THE UNITED STATES. ^H^^I^H: HHHEHHHHc ^«^i«:-'"^'<^-f-» «^^ /"^ JHSHaSSSaHSSSHHSJ Bc4'ji^^j^c^^jgg-H:g^^ gSg HPlFH' ^^^^^^^^^^^^ [HOMASJEFFER- son, the third Presi- dent of the United States, i8oi-'9, was born April 2, 1743, the eldest child of his parents, Peter and Jane (Randolph) Jef- ferson, near Charlottes- ville, Albemarle County, Virginia, upon the slopes of the Blue Ridge. When he -was fourteen years of age, his father died, leav- ing a widow and eight children. She was a beau- tiful and accomplished lady, a good letter-writer, with a fund of humor, and an admirable housekeeper. His parents belonged totlie Church of England, and are said to be of Welch origin. But little is known of them, however. Thomas was naturally of a serious turn of mind, apt to learn, and a favorite at school, his choice studies being mathemat- ics and the classics. At the age of seven- teen he entered William and Mary College, in an advanced class, and lived in rather an expensive style, consequently being much caressed by gay society. That he was not ruined, is proof of his stamina of character. But during his second year he discarded society, his horses and even his favorite violin, and devoted thenceforward fifteen hours a day to hard study, becoming ex- traordinarily proficient in Latin and Greek authors. On leaving college, before he was twenty- one, he commenced the study of law, and pursued it diligently until he was well qualified for practice, upon which he entered in 1767. By this time he was also versed in French, Spanish, Italian and An- glo-Saxon, and in the criticism of the fine arts. Being very polite and polished in his manners, he won the friendship of all whom he met. Though able with his pen, he was not fluent in public speech. In 1769 he was chosen a member of the Virginia Legislature, and was the largest slave-holding member of that body. He introduced a bill empowering slave-holders to manumit their slaves, but it was rejected by an overwhelming vote. In 1770 Mr. Jefferson met with a great loss ; his house at Shadwell was burned, and his valuable library of 2,000 volumes was consumed. But he was wealthy enough to replace the tnost of it, as from his 5,000 acres tilled by slaves and his practice at the bar his income amounted to about $5,000 a year. In 1772 he married Mrs. Martha Skelton, a beautiful, wealthy and accomplished ty/>f/7i^ THOMAS yEFFE/fSOJV. »3 young widow, who owned 40,000 acres of land and 130 slaves; yet he labored assidu- ously for the abolition of slavery. For his new home he selected a majestic rise of land upon his large estate at Shadwell, called Monticello, whereon he erected a mansion of modest yet elegant architecture. Here he lived in luxury, indulging his taste in magnificent, high-blooded horses. At this period the British Government gradually became more insolent and op- pressive toward the American colonies, and Mr. Jefferson was ever one of the most foremost to resist its encroachments. From time to time he drew up resolutions of re- monstrance, which were finally adopted, thus proving his ability as a statesman and as a leader. By the year 1774 he became quite busy, both with voice and pen, in de- fending the right of the colonies to defend themselves. His pamphlet entitled: "A Summary View of the Rights of British America," attracted much attention in Eng- land. The following year he, in company with George Washington, served as an ex- ecutive committee in measures to defend by arms the State of Virginia. As a Mem- ber of the Congress, he was not a speech- maker, yet in conversation and upon committees he was so frank and decisive that he always made a favorable impression. But as late as the autumn of 1775 he re- mained in hopes of reconciliation with the parent country. At length, however, the hour arrived for draughting the " Declaration of Indepen- dence," and this responsible task was de- volved upon Jefferson. Franklin, and Adams suggested a few verbal corrections before it was submitted to Congress, which was June 28, 1776, only si.x days before it was adopted. During the three days of the fiery ordeal of criticism tlirough which it passed in Congress, Mr. Jefferson opened nf)t his lips. John Adams was the main champion of the Declaration on the floor of Congress. The signing of this document was one of the most solemn and momentous occasions ever attended to by man. Prayer and silence reigned throughout the hall, and each signer realized that if American independence was not finally sustained by arms he was doomed to the scaffold. After the colonies became independent States, Jefferson resigned for a time his seat in Congress in order to aid in organizing the government of Virginia, of which State he was chosen Governor in 1779, when he was thirty-six years of age. At this time the British had possession of Georgia and were invading South Carolina, and at one time a British officer, Farlcton, sent a secret expedition to Monticello to capture the Governor. Five minutes after Mr. Jefferson escaped with his family, his man- sion was in possession of the enemy ! The British troops also destroyed his valuable plantation on the James River. " Had they carried off the slaves," said Jefferson, with characteristic magnanimity, "to give them freedom, they would have done right." The year 1781 was a gloomy one for the Virginia Governor. While confined to his secluded home in the forest by a sick' and dying wife, a party arose against him throughout the State, severely criticising his course as Governor. Being very sensi- tive to reproach, this touched him to the quick, and the heap of troubles then sur- rounding him nearly crushed him. He re- solved, in despair, to retire from public life for the rest of his days. For weeks Mr. Jefferson sat lovingly, but with a crushed heart, at the bedside of his sick wife, during which time unfeeling letters were sent to him, accusing him of weakness and unfaith- i fulness to duty. All this, after he had lost so much property and at the same time done so much for his country! After her death he actually fainted away, and re- mained so long insensible that it was feared 1 he never would recover! Several weeks 24 PRESrOEVTS OF TH-. UV/TED STATED . passed before he could fully recover his equilibrium. He was never married a second time. In the spring of 1782 the people of Eng- land compelled their king to make to the Americans overtures of peace, and in No- vember following, Mr. Jefferson was reap- pointed by Congress, unanimously and without a single adverse remark, minister plenipotentiary to negotiate a treaty. In March, 1784, Mr. Jefferson was ap- pointed on a committee to draught a plan for the government of the Northwestern Territory. His slavery-prohibition clause in that plan was stricken out by the pro- slavery majority of the committee; but amid all the controversies and wrangles of poli- ticians, he made it a rule never to contra- dict anybody or engage in any discussion as a debater. In company with Mr. Adams and Dr. Franklin, Mr. Jefferson was appointed in May, 1784, to act as minister plenipotentiary in the negotiation of treaties of commerce with foreign nations. Accordingly, he went to Paris and satisfactorily accomplished his mission. The suavity and high bearing of his manner made all the French his friends; and even Mrs. Adams at one time wrote to her sister that he was " the chosen of the earth." But all the honors that he received, both at home and abroad, seemed to make no change in the simplicity of his republican tastes. On his return to America, he found two parties respecting the foreign commercial policy, Mr. Adams sympathizing with that in favor of England and himself favoring France. On the inauguration of General Wash- ington as President, Mr. Jefferson was chosen by him for the office of Secretary of State. At this time the rising storm of the French Revolution became visible, and Washington watched it with great anxiety. His cabine; was divided in their views of constitutional government as well as re- garding the issues in France. General Hamilton, Secretary of the Treasury, was the leader of the so-called Federal party, while Mr. Jefferson was the leader of the Republican party. At the same time there was a strong monarchical party in this country, with which Mr. Adams sympa- thized. Some important financial measures, which were proplished and most beloved daughter Maria sickened and died, causing as great grief in the stricken parent as it was possible for him to survive with any degree of sanity. The same year he was re-elected to the Presidency, with George Clinton as Vice- President. During his second term our relations with England became more com- plicated, and on June 22, 1807, near Hamp- ton Roads, the United -States frigate Chesapeake was fired upon by the Brit- ish man-of-war f^eopard, and was made to surrender. Phree men were killed and ten wounded. Jefferson demanded repara- tion. England grew insolent. It became evident that war was determined upon by the latter power. More than 1,200 Ameri- cans were forced into the British service upon the high seas. Before any satisfactory solution was reached, Mr. Jefferson's Presidential term closed. Amid all these public excitements he thought constantly of the welfare of his family, and longed for the time when he could return home to remain. There, at Monticello, his sub- sequent life was very similar to that of Washington at Mt. Vernon. His iios|)i- talitv toward his numerous friends, indul- gence of his slaves, and misfortunes to his property, etc., finally involved him in debt. For years his home resembleil a fashion- able watering-place. During the summer, thirty-seven house servants were required! It was presided over by his daughter, Mrs. Randolph. Mr. Jefferson did much for the establish- ment of the University at Charlottesville, making it unsectarian, in keeping with the spirit of American institutions, but poverty and the feebleness of old age prevented him from doing what he would. He even went so far as to petition the Legislature for permission to ilispose of some of his possessions by lottery, in order to raise the necessary funds fcjr home expenses. It was granted ; but before the plan was carried out, Mr. Jefferson died, July 4, 1826, at 12:50 P. M. 26 PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES. .|._< i l4Mii MiMi®l< ^^Ov, -^-'1^-w^v^m AMES MADISON, the fourth President of the United States, iSog-'ij, was born at Port Con- wa\-. Prince George County, Virginia, March i6, 175 1. His father. Colonel James Madison, was a wealthy planter, residing upon a very fine estate called •■ Montpelier," only twenty-fiye miles from the home of Thomas Jefferson at Monticello. The closest personal and political at- tachment existed between these illustrious men from their early youth until death. James was the eldest of a famil}' of seven children, four sons and three daughters, all of whom attained maturity. His early edu- cation was conducted mostly at home, under a private tutor. Being naturally in- tellectual ill his tastes, he consecrated him- self with luuisual vigor to study . At a very early age he made considerable i)roficiency in the Greek, Latin, French and Spanish languages. In 1769 he entered Princeton College, New Jersey, of which the illus- trious Dr. Weatherspoon was then Presi- dent. He graduated in 1771, with a char- acter of the utmost purity, and a mind highl}- disciplined and stored with all the learning which embellished and gave effi- ciency to his subsequent career. After graduating he pursued a course of reading for several months, under the guidance of President Weatherspoon, and in 1772 re- turned to Virginia, where he continued in incessant study for two years, nominally directed to the law, but really including extended researches in theology, philoso- phy and general literature. The Church of England was the estab- lished church in Virginia, invested with all the prerogatives and immunities which it enjoyed in the fatherland, and other de- nominations labored under serious disabili- ties, the enforcement of which was rightly or wrongl}' characterized b}' them as per- secution. Madison took a prominent stand in behalf of the removal of all disabilities, repeatedly appeared in the court of his own county to defend the Baptist nonconform- ists, and was elected from Orange County to the Virginia Convention in the spring of 1766, when he signalized the beginning of his public career by procuring the passage of an amendment to the Declaration of ■Rights as prepared by George Mason, sub- stituting for "toleration" a more emphatic assertion of religious liberty. ■H:f XiH-Ci^'-^ -C^ - AMES MONROE, the fifth President of the United States, 1817-25, was born in Westmoreland County Virginia, April 28, 1758. He was a son of Spence Monroe, and a descendant of a Scottish cavalier fam- ily. Like all his predeces- sors thus far in the Presi- dential chair, he enjoyed all the advantages of educa- tion which the country could then afford. He was early sent to a fine classical school, and at the age of six- teen entered William and Mary College.. In 1776, when he had been in college but two years, the Declaration of Independence was adopted, and our feeble militia, with- out arms, amunition or clothing, were strug- gling against the trained armies of England. James Monroe left college, hastened to General Washington's headquarters at New York and enrolled himself as a cadet in the army. At Trenton Lieutenant Monroe so dis- tinguished himself, receiving a wound in his shoulder, that he was promoted to a Cap- taincy. Upon recovering from his wound, he was invited to act as aide to Lord Ster- ling, and in that capacity he took an active part in the battles of Brandywine, Ger- mantown and Monmouth. At Germantown he stood by the side of Lafayette when the French Marquis received his wound. Gen- eral Washington, who had formed a high idea of young Monroe's abilitv, sent him to Virginia to raise a new regiment, of which he was to be Colonel; but so exhausted was Virginia at that time that the effort proved unsuccessful. He, however, received his commission. Finding no opportunity' to enter the army as a commissioned officer, he returned to his original plan of studying law, and entered the office of Thomas Jefferson, who was then Governor of Virginia. He developed a very noble character, frank, manly and sincere. Mr. Jefferson said of him: "James Monroe is so perfectly honest that if his soul were turned inside out there would not be found a spot on it." In 1782 he was elected to the Assembly of Virginia, and was also appointed a mem- ber of the Executive Council. The next year he was chosen delegate to the Conti- nental Congress for a term of three years. He was present at Annapolis when Wash- ington surrendered his commission of Com- mander-in-chief. With Washington, Jefferson and Madison he felt deeply the inefficiency of the old Articles of Confederation, and urged the formation of a new Constitution, which should invest the Central Government with something like national power. Influenced by these views, he introduced a resolution -/ / A^-^^r^ r ^ ^ JAMES MONROE. 3S lliat Congress sliuuld be empowered to regulate trade, and to lay an impost duty of five per cent. The resolution was refer- red to a committee of which he was chair- man. The report and the discussion which rose upon it led to the convention of five States at Annapolis, and the consequent general convention at Philadelphia, which, in 1787, drafted the Constitution of the United States. At this time there was a controversy be- tween New York and Massachusetts in reference t»4>-^ C»»^—,>tJ -mm"' OHN QUINCY ADAMS, the sixth President of the United States, 1825-9, was born in the rural home of his honored father, John Adams, in Q u i n c y , Massachusetts, July II, 1767. His mother, a woman of exalted worth, watched over his childhood diirins:;^ the almost constant absence of his father. He commenced his education at the village school, skiving at an early period indica- tions of superior mental en- dowments. When eleven years of age he sailed with his father for Europe, where tiie latter was associated with Franklin and Lee as Minister Plenipotentiary. The intelligence of John Quincy attracted the attention of these men and received from them flattering marks of attention. Mr. Adams had scarcely returned to this country in 1779 ere he was again sent abroad, and John Quincy again accom- panied him. On this voyage he commenced a diary, which practice he continued, with but few interruptions, until his death- He journeyed with his father from Fcrrol, in Spaiu, to Paris. Here he applied himself for r-ix months to study; then accompanied his father to Holland, where he entered, first a school in Amsterdam, and then the University of Lcyden. In 1781, when only fourteen years of age, he was selected by Mr. Dana, our Minister to the Russian court, as his private secretary. In this school of incessant labor he spent fourteen months, and then returned alone to Holland through Sweden, Denmark, Hamburg and Bremen. Again he resumed his studies under a private tutor, at The Hague. lu the spring of 1782 he accompanied his father to Paris, forming acquaintance with the most distinguished men on the Conti- nent. After a short visit to England, he re- turned to Paris and studied until May, 17S5, when he returned to America, leav- ing his father an embassador at the court of St. James. In 1786 he entered the jun- ior class in Harvard University, and grad- uated with the second honor of his class. The oration he delivered on this occasion, the " Importance of Public Faith to the Well-being of a Community," was pub- lished — an event very rare in this or any other land. Upon leaving college at the age of twenty he studied law three years with the Hon. Theophilus Parsons in Newburyport. In 1790 he opened a law office in Boston. The profession was crowded with able men, and the fees were small. The first vcar he had J, ^ . J^loAy^ JOHN SiUISCr ADAMS. no clients, but not a moment was lost. The second year passed away, still no clients, and still he was dependent upon his parents for support. Anxiously he awaited the third year. The reward now came. Cli- ents began to enter his office, and before the end of the year he was so crowded with business that all solicitude respecting a suppoit was at an end. When Great Britain commenced war against France, in 1793, Mr. Adams wrote some articles, urging entire neutrality on the part of the United States. The view was not a popular one. Many felt that as France had helped us, we were bound to hc'p France. But President Washington coincided with Mr. Adams, and issued his proclamation of neutrality. His writings at this time in the Boston journals gave him so high a reputation, that in June, 1794, he was appointed bv Washington resident Minister at tiic Netherlands. In July, 1797, hcleft The Hague to go to Port- ugal as Minister Plenipotentiary. Wash- ington at this time wrote to his father, John Adams: " Without intending to compliment the father or the mother, or to censure an}' others, I give it as my decided opinion, that Mr. Adams is the most valuable char- acter we have abroad; and there remains no doubt in my mind that he will prove the ablest of our diplomatic corps." On his way to Portugal, upon his arrival in London, he met with dispatches direct- ing him to the court of Berlin, but request- ing him to remain in London until he should receive instructi(jns. Wiiile waiting he was married to Miss Louisa Catherine John- son, to whom he had been previously en- gaged. Miss Johnson was a daughter of Mr. Joshua Johnson, American Consul in London, and was a lady endowed with that beauty and those accomplishments which fitted her to move in the elevated sphere for which she was destined. In July, 1799, having fulfilled all the pur- poses of his mission, .Mr. .\dams returned. In 1802 he was chosen to the Senate of Massachusetts from Boston, and then was elected Senator of the United States for six years from March 4, 1804. His reputation, his ability and his experience, placed him immediately among the most prominent and influential members of that body. He sustained the Government in its measures of resistance to the encroachments of Eng- land, destroying our commerce and insult- ing our flag. There was no man in America more familiar with the arrogance of the British court upon these points, and no one mf)re resolved to present a firm resist- ance. This course, so truly patriotic, and which scarcely a voice will now be found to condemn, alienated him from the Fed- eral party dominant in Boston, and sub- jected him to censure. In 1805 Mr. Adams was chosen jirolcssor of rhetoric in Harvard College. His lect- ures at this place were subsequently pub- lished. In 1809 '1^ ^vas sent as Minister to Russia. He was one of the commissioners that negotiated the treaty of peace with Great Britain, signed December 24, 18 14, and he was appointed Minister to the court of St. James in 1815. In 1817 he became Secretary of State in Mr. Monroe's cabinet in which position he remained eight years. Few will now contradict the assertion that the duties of that office were never more ably discharged. Probably the most im- portant measure which Mr. Adams con- ducted was the purchase of Florida from Spain for $5,000,000. The campaign of 1S24 was an exciting one. Four candidates were in the field. Of the 260 electoral votes that were cast, Andrew Jackson received ninety-nine; John Quincy Adams, eighty-four; William H. Crawford, forty-one, and Henry Clay, thirty-seven. As there was no choice by the people, the question went to the House 4' PliES/DEiWTS OF THE U.V/TED STATES. of Representatives. Mr. Clay gave the vote of Kentucky to Mr. Adams, and he was elected. The friends of all disappointed candidates now combined in a venomous assault upon Mr. Adams. There is nothing more dis- graceful in the past history of our country than the abuse which was poured in one uninterrupted stream ui)on this high- minded, upright, patriotic man. There was never an administration more pure in prin- ciples, more conscientiously devoted to the best interests of the country, than that of John Ouincy Adams; and never, perhaps, was there an administration more unscru- pulously assailed. Mr. Adams took his seat in the presidential chair resolved not to know an)' partisanship, but only to con- sult for the interests of the whole Republic, He refused to dismiss any man from of- fice for his political views. If he was a faith- ful ofificer that was enough. Bitter must have been his disappointment to find that the Nation could not appreciate such conduct. Mr. Adams, in his public manners, was cold and repulsive; though with his per- sonal friends he was at times very genial. This chilling address very seriously de- tracted from his popularity. No one can read an impartial record of his administra- tion without admitting that a UKjre noble example of uncompromising dignity can scarcely be found. It was stated publicly that Mr. Adams' administration was to be put down, " though it be as pure as the an- gels which stand at the right hand of the throne of God." Many of the active par- ticipants in these scenes lived to regret the course they pursued. Some years after, Warren R. Davis, of South Carolina, turn- ing to Mr. Adams, then a member of the House of Representatives, said: " Well do I remember the enthusiastic zeal with which we reproached the admin- istration of that gentleman, and the ardor and vehemence with which wc labored to bring in another. For the share 1 had in these transactions, and it was not a small one, I hope God will forgive me, for I shall never forgive myself. March 4, 1829, Mr. Adams retired from the Presidency and was succeeded by An- drew Jackson, the latter receiving 168 out of 261 electoral votes. John C. Calhoun was elected Vice-President. The slavery question now began to assume pretentious magnitude. Mr. Adams returned to Quincy, and pursued his studies with una- bated zeal. But he was not long permittc.'d to remain in retirement. In November, 1830, he was elected to Congress. In this he recognized the principle that it is honor- able for the General ol yesterday to act as Corporal to-day, if by so doing he can ren- der service to his country. Deep as are our obligations to John Quincy Adams for his services as embassador, as Secretary of State and as President; in his capacity as legislator in the House of Representa- tives, he conferred benefits upon our land which eclipsed all the rest, and which can never be over-estimated. For seventeen years, until his death, he occupied the post of Representative, tow- ering above all his peers, ever ready to do brave battle for freedom, and winning the title of " the old man eloquent." Upon taking his seat in the House he announced that he should hold himself bound to no party. He was usually the first in his place in the morning, and the last to leave his seat in the evening. Not a measure could escape his scrutin}-. The battle which he fought, almost singly, against the pro-slavery party in the Government, was sublime in its moral daiiiig and heroism. For persisting in presenting petitions for the abolition of slavery, he was threatened with indictment b)' the Grand Jury, with expulsion from the House, with assassina- tion; but no threats could intimidate him, and his final triumph was complete. JOHN ^UINCr ADAMS. 43 On one occasion Mr. Adams presented a petition, signed by several women, against the annexation of Texas for the purpose of cutting it up into slave States. Mr. How- ard, of Maryland, said that these women discredited not only themselves, but their section of the country, by turning from their domestic duties to the conflicts of po- litical life. "Are women," exclaimed Mr. Adams, " to have no opinions or actions on subjects relating to the general welfare ? Where did the gentleman get his principle? Did he find it in sacred history, — in the language of Miriam, the prophetess, in one of the noblest and sublime songs of triumph that ever met the human eye or ear? Did the gentleman never hear of Deborah, to whom the children of Israel came up for judg- ment ? Has he forgotten the deed of Jael, who slew the dreaded enemy of her coun- try ? Has he forgotten Esther, who, by her petition saved her people and her coun- try? " To go from sacred history to profane, does the gentleman there find it ' discredita- ble ' for women to take an interest in politi- cal affairs? Has he forgotten the Spartan mother, who said to her son when going out to battle, ' My son, come back to me with thy shield, or upon thy shield ? ' Does he remember Cloelia and her hundred com- panions, who swam across the river uni''er a shower of darts, escaping from Porsena ? Has he forgotten Cornelia, the mother of the Gracchi ? Does he not remember Por- tia, the wife of Brutus and the daughter of Cato? " To come to later periods, what says the history of our Anglo-Saxon ancestors ? To say noth'ng of Boadicea, the British heroine in the time of the Cassars, what name is more illustrious than that of Eliza- beth ? Or, if he will go to the continent, will he not find the names of Maria Theresa of Hungary, of the two Catherines of Prussia, and of Isabella of Castile, the pa- troness of Columbus ? Did she bring ' dis- credit ' on her sex by mingling in politics ? " In this glowing strain Mr. Adams si- lenced and overwhelmed his antagonists. In January, 1842, Mr. Adams presented a petition from forty-five citizens of Haver- hill, Massachusetts, praying for a peaceable dissolution of the Union. The pro-slavery party in Congress, who were then plotting the destruction of the Government, were aroused to a pretense of commotion such as even our stormy hall of legislation has rarely witnessed. They met in caucus, and, finding that they probably would not be able to expel Mr. Adams from the House drew up a series of resolutions, which, if adopted, would inflict upon him disgrace, equivalent to expulsion. Mr. Adams had presented the petition, which was most re- spectfully worded, and had moved that it be referred to a committee instructed to re- port an answer, showing the reason whj the prayer ought not to be granted. It was the 25th of January-. The whole body of the pro-slavery party came crowd- ing together in the House, prepared to crush Mr. Adams forever. One of the num- ber, Thomas F. Marshall, of Kentucky, was appointed to read the resolutions, which accused Mr. Adams of high treason, of having insulted the Government, and 01 meriting expulsion; but for which deserved punishment, the House, in its great mercy, would substitute its severest censure. With the assumption of a very solemn and mag- isterial air, there being breathless silence in the audience, Mr. Marshall hurled the care- fully prepared anathemas at his victim. Mr. Adams stood alone, the whole pro-slav- ery party against him. As soon as the resolutions were read, every eye being fixed upon him, that bold old man, whose scattered locks were whit- ened by seventy-five years, casting a wither- ing glance in the direction of his assailants> 44 PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES. in a clear, shrill tone, tremulous with sup- pressed emotion, said: " In reply to this audacious, atrocious charge of high treason, I call for the read- ing of the first paragraph of the Declaration of Independence. Read it ! Read it! and see what that sa3's of the rights of a people to reform, to change, and to dissolve their Government.' The attitude, the manner, the tone, the words; the venerable old man, with flash- ing eye and flushed cheek, and whose very form seemed to expand under the inspiration of the occasion — all presented a scene over- flowing in its sublimity. There was breath- less silence as that paragraph was read, in defense of whose principles our fathers had pledged their lives, their fortunes and their sacred honor. It was a proud hour to Mr. Adams as they were all compelled to listen to the words: " That, to secure these rights, govern- ments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed; and that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of those ends, it is the right of the people to alter or abolish it, and to institute new government, laying its foundations on such principles and organizing its powers in such form as shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness." That one sentence routed and baffled the foe. The heroic old man looked around upon the audience, and thundered out, " Read that again ! " It was again read. Then in a few fiery, logical words he stated his defense in terms which even prejudiced minds could not resist. His discomfited assailants made several attempts to rally. After a conflict of eleven days they gave up vanquished and their resolution was ig- nominiously laid upon the table. In January, 1846, when seventy-eight years of age, he took part in the great de- bate on the Oregon question, displaying intellectual vigor, and an extent and accu- racy of acquaintance with the subject that excited great admiration. On the 2 1 St of February, 1848, he rose on the floor of Congress with a paper in his hand to address the Speaker. Suddenly he fell, stricken by paralysis, and was caught in the arms of those around him. For a time he was senseless and was conveyed to a sofa in the rotunda. With reviving consciousness he opened his eyes, looked calmly around and said, " Tkis is the end of earth." Then after a moment's pause, he added, " / am cojitent." These were his last words, and he soon breathed his last, in the apartment beneath the dome of the capitol — the theater of his labors and his triumphs. In the language of hymnology, he " died at his post;" he " ceased at once to work and live." €^-t?^ ANDREW JACKSON. 47 '^^NDREW JACKSON, ^ the seventh President of the United States, i829-'37, was born at ^_^^^ the Waxhaw Settle, j^oj^ywr^v^^ ment, Union Coun- Vi^ ty, North Carolina, March i6, 1767. His parents were Scotch-Irish, natives of Carrickfergiis, who came to America in 1765, and settled on Twelve-Mile Creek, a trib- utar)^ of the Catawba. His father, who was a poor farm laborer, died shortly before An- drew's birth, when his mother removed to Waxhaw, where some relatives resided. Few particulars of the childhood of Jack- son have been preserved. His education was of the most limited kind, and he showed no fondness for books. He grew up to be a tall, lank boy, with coarse hair and freck- led cheeks, with bare feet dangling from trousers too short for him, ver)' fond of ath- letic sports, running, boxing and wrestling. He was generous to the younger and weaker bo3's, but very irascible and over- bearing with his equals and superiors. He was profane — a vice in which he surpassed all other men. The character of his mother he revered; and it was not until after her death that his predominant vices gained full strength. In 1780, at the age of thirteen, Andrew, or Andy, as he was called, with his brother Robert, volunteered to serve in the Revo- lutionary forces under General Sumter, and was a witness of the latter's defeat at Hang- ing Rock. In the following year the brothers were made prisoners, and confined in Camden, experiencing brutal treatment from their captors, and being spectators of General Green's defeat at Hobkirk Hill. Through their mother's exertions the boys were exchanged while suffering from small- pox. In two days Robert was dead, and And)' apparently dying. The strength of his constitution triumphed, and he regained health and vigor. As he was getting better, his mother heard the cry of anguish from the prison- ers whom the British held in Charleston, among whom were the sons of her sisters. She hastened to their relief, was attacked by fever, died and was buried where her grave could never be found. Thus Andrew Jackson, when fourteen years of age, was left alone in the world, without father, mother, sister or brother, and without one dollar which he could call his own. He 48 PRESIDBN'TS Ofr THB UNITED STATES. soon entered a saddler's shop, and labored diligently for six months. But gradually, as health returned, he became more and more a wild, reckless, lawless boy. He gambled, drank and was regarded as about the worst character that could be found. He now turned schoolmaster. He could teach the alphabet, perhaps the multiplica- tion table; and as he was a very bold boy, it is possible he might have ventured to teach a little writing. But he soon began to think of a profession and decided to study law. With a very slender purse, and on the back of a very fine horse, he set out for Salisbury, North Carolina, where he entered the law office of Mr. McCay. Here he remained two years, professedly studying law. He is still remembered in traditions of Salisbury, which say: " Andrew Jackson was the most roaring, rollicking, horse-racing, card-playing, mis- chievous fellow that ever lived in Salisbury. He did not trouble the law-books much." Andrew was now, at the age of twenty, a tall young man, being over six feet in height. He was slender, remarkably grace- ful and dignified in his manners, an exquis- ite horseman, and developed, amidst his loathesome profanity and multiform vices, a vein of rare magnanimity. His temper was fiery in the extreme; but it was said of him that no man knew better than Andrew Jackson when to get angry and when not. In 1786 he was admitted to the bar, and two years later removed to Nashville, in what was then the western district of North Carolina, with the appointment of so- licitor, or public prosecutor. It was an of- fice of little honor, small emolument and great peril. Few men could be found to accept it. And now Andrew Jackson commenced vigorously to practice law. It was an im- portant part of his business to collect debts. It required nerve. During the first seven years of his residence in those wilds he traversed the almost pathless forest between Nashville and Jonesborough, a distance of 200 miles, twenty-two times. Hostile In- dians were constant!}' on the watch, and a man was liable at any moment to be shot down in his own field. Andrew Jackson was just the man for this service — a wild, daring, rough backwoodsman. Daily he made hair-breadth escapes. He seemed to bear a charmed life. Boldly, alone or with few companions, he traversed the forests, encountering all perils and triumphing over all. In 1790 Tennessee became a Territory, and Jackson was appointed, by President Washington, United States Attorney for the new district. In 1791 he married Mrs. Rachel Robards (daughter of Colonel John Donelson), whom he supposed to have been divorced in that year by an act of the Leg- islature of Virginia. Two years after this Mr. and Mrs. Jackson learned, to their great surprise, that Mr. Robards had just obtained a divorce in one of the courts of Kentucky, and that the act of the Virginia Legislature was not final, but conditional. To remedy the irregularity as much as pos- sible, a new license was obtained and the marriage ceremony was again performed. It proved to be a marriage of rare felic- ity. Probably there never was a more affectionate union. However rough Mr. Jackson might have been abroad, he was always gentle and tender at home; and through all the vicissitudes of their lives, he treated Mrs. Jackson with the most chival- ric attention. Under the circumstances it was not un- natural that the facts in the case of this marriage were so misrepresented b}' oppo- nents in the political campaigns a quarter or a century later as to become the basis of serious charges against Jackson's moral- ity which, however, have been satisfactorily attested by abundant evidence. Jackson was untiring in his duties as AxDtiEU' ■yACk'SO.^. 49 United States Attorney, which demanded frequent journeys through the wilderness and exposed him to Indian hostilities. He acquired considerable propertj- in land, and obtained such influence as to be chosen a member of the convention which framed the Constitution for the new State of Ten- nessee, in 1796, and in that year was elected its first Representative in Congress. Albert Gallatin thus describes the first appearance of the Hon. Andrew Jackson in the House: " A tall, lank, uncouth-looking personage, with locks of hair hanging over his face and a cue down his back, tied with an eel skin; his dress singular, his manners and deport- ment those of a rough backwoodsman." Jackson was an earnest advocate of the Democratic party. Jefferson was his idol. He admired Bonaparte, loved France and hated England. As Mr. Jackson took his seat, General Washington, whose second term of office was just expiring, delivered his last speech to Congress. A committee drew up a complimentary address in reply. Andrew Jackson did not approve the ad- dress and was one of twelve who voted against it. Tennessee had fitted out an expedition against the Indians, contrary to the policy of the Government. A resolution was intro- duced that the National Government should pa)- the expenses. Jackson advo- cated it and it was carried. This rendered him very popular in Tennessee. A va- cancy chanced soon after to occur in the Senate, and Andrew Jackson was chosen United States Senator by the State of Ten- nessee. John Adams was then President and Thomas Jefferson, Vice-President. In 1798 Mr. Jackson returned to Tennes- see, and resigned his seat in the Senate. Soon after he was chosen Judge of the Su- preme Court of that State, with a salary of $600. This office he held six years. It is said that his decisions, though sometimes ungrammatical, were generally right. He did not enjoy his seat upon the bench, and renounced the dignity in 1804. About this time he was chosen Major-General of militia, and lost the title of judge in that of General. When he retired from the Senate Cham- ber, he decided to try his fortune through trade. He purchased a stock of goods in Philadelphia and sent them to Nashville, where he opened a store. He lived about thirteen miles from Nashville, on a tract of land of several thousand acres, mostly un- cultivated. He used a small block-house for a store, from a narrow window of which he sold goods to the Indians. As he had an assistant his office as judge did not materially interfere with his business. As to slavery, born in the midst of it, the idea never seemed to enter his mind that it could be wrong. He eventually became an extensive slave owner, but he was one of the most humane and gentle of masters. In 1804 Mr. Jackson withdrew from pol- itics and settled on a plantation which he called the Hermitage, near Nashville. He set up a cotton-gin, formed a partnership and traded in New Orleans, making the voyage on flatboats. Through his hot tem- per he became involved in several quarrels and " affairs of honor," during this period, in one of which he was severely wounded, but had the misfortune to kill his opponent, Charles Dickinson. For a time this affair greatly injured General Jackson's popular- ity. The verdict then was, and continues to be, that General Jackson was outra- geously wrong. If hesubsequently felt any remorse he never revealed it to anyone. In 1805 Aaron Burr had visited Nash- ville and been a guest of Jackson, with whom he corresponded on the subject of a war with Spain, which was anticipated and desired by them, as well as by the people of the Southwest generally. Burr repeated his visit in September, 1806, when he engaged in the celeorated 50 PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES. combinations which led to his trial for trea- son. He was warmly received by Jackson, at whose instance a public ball was given in his honor at Nashville, and contracted with the latter for boats and provisions. Early in 1807, when Burr had been pro- claimed a traitor by President Jefferson, volunteer forces for the Federal service were organized at Nashville under Jack- son's command; but his energ}- and activ- ity did not shield him from suspicions of connivance in the supposed treason. He was summoned to Richmond as a witness in Burr's trial, but was not called to the stand, probably because he was out-spoken in his partisanship. On the outbreak of the war with Great Britain in 1812, Jackson tendered his serv- ices, and in January, 181 3, embarked for New Orleans at the head of the Tennessee contingent. In March he received an or- der to disband his forces; but in Septem- ber he again took the field, in the Creek war, and in conjunction with his former partner, Colonel Coffee, inflicted upon the Indians the memorable defeat at Talladega, Emuckfaw and Tallapoosa. In May, 1814, Jackson, who had now ac- quired a national reputation, was appointed a Major-General of the United States army, and commenced a campaign against the British in Florida. He conducted the de- fense at Mobile, September 15, seized upon Pensacola, November 6, and immediately transported the bulk of his troops to New Orleans, then threatened by a powerful naval force. Martial law was declared in Louisiana, the State militia was called to arms, engagements with the British were fought December 23 and 28, and after re-en- forcements had been received on both sides the famous victory of January 8, 181 5, rrowned Jackson's fame as a soldier, and made him the typical American hero of the first half of the nineteenth century. In i8i7-'i8 Jackson conducted the war against the Seminoles of Florida, during which he seized upon Pensacola and exe- cuted by courtmartial two British subjects, Arbuthnot and Ambrister acts which might easily have involved the United States in war both with Spain and Great Britain. Fortunately the peril was averted by the cession of Florida to the United States; and Jackson, who had escaped a trial for the irregularity of his conduct onl}' through a division of opinion in Mon- roe's cabinet, was appointed in 1821 Gov- ernor of the new Territory. Soon after he declined the appointment of minister to Mexico. In 1823 Jackson was elected to the United States Senate, and nominated b)^ the Ten- nessee Legislature for the Presidenc3\ This candidacy, though a matter of surprise, and even merryment, speedily became popular, and in 1824, when the stormy electoral can- vas resulted in the choice of John Quincy Adams by the House of Representatives, General Jackson received the largest popu- lar vote among the four candidates. In 1828 Jackson was triumphantly elected President over Adams after a campaign of unparalleled bitterness. He was inaugu- rated March 4, 1829, and at once removed from office all the incumbents belonging to the opposite party — a procedure new to American politics, but which naturally be- came a precedent. His first term was characterized by quar- rels Taetween the Vice-President, Calhoun, and the Secretary of State, Van Buren, at- tended by a cabinet crisis originating in scandals connected with the name of Mrs. General Eaton, wife of the Secretary of War; by the beginning of his war upon the United States Bank, and by his vigorous action against the partisans of Calhoun, who, in South Carolina, threatened to nullify the acts of Congress, establishing a protective tariff. In the Presidential campaign of 1832 ANDREW yACk'SON. 51 Jackson received 219 out of 288 electoral votes, his competitor being Mr. Clay, while Mr. Wirt, on an Anti-AIasonic platform, received the vote of Vermont alone. In 1833 President Jackson jemoved the Gov- ernment deposits from the United States bank, thereb}- incurring a vote of censure from the Senate, which was, however, ex- punged four years later. During this second term of office the Cherokees, Choctaws and Creeks were removed, not without diffi- culty, from Georgia, Alabama and Missis- sippi, to the Indian Territory; the National debt was extinguished; Arkansas and Michigan were admitted as States to the Union; the Seminole war was renewed; the anti-slavery agitation first, acquired impor- tance; the Mormon delusion, which had organized in 1829, attained considerable proportions in Ohio and Missouri, and the country experienced its greatest pecuniary panic. Railroads with locomotive propulsion were introduced into America during Jack- son's first term, and had become an impor- tant element of national life before the close of his second term. For many rea- sons, therefore, the administration of Presi- dent Jackson formed an era in American historv, political, social and industrial. He succeeded in effecting the election of his friend Van Buren as his successor, re- tired from the Presidency March 4, 1837; and led a tranquil life at the Hermitage until his death, which occurred June 8, 1845. During his closing years he was a pro- fessed Christian and a member of the Pres- byterian church. No American of this century has been the subject of such oppo- site judgments. He was loved and hated with equal vehemence during his life, but at the present distance of time from his career, while opinions still vary as to the merits of his public acts, few of his country- men will question that he was a warm- hearted, brave, patriotic, honest and sincere man. If his distinguishing qualities were not such as constitute statesmanship, in the highest sense, he at least never pretended to other merits than such as were written to his credit on the page of American his- tory — not attempting to disguise the de- merits which were equally legible. The majority of his countrymen accepted and honored him, in spite of all that calumny as well as truth could allege against him. His faults may therefore be truly said to have been those of his time; his magnifi- cent virtues may also, with the same jus- tice, be considered as typical of a state of society which has nearly passed away. 52 PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES. |P^t;V ^Vi ^^■"^^x^^-.^x7\gT^vT^T^\^-^^^^^VJ£53^353i3a£S5^^^■ -^^^^^^-^^^V^'^^^AV EE 'I'sr^f '.'^^'.-h'yiti'rit:?*!^ ^^ ''vr.:'.'v.vr,vr.^(n'.^t^^ 'i-^\ )^^^QlAY{mn Uan Bui^en.^#+^* . ia,^^'tfaga33a^a^'^^^:^>^'H3:>^: \^^ { the United States. The Indians were committing fearful ravages on our North- western frontier. Young Harrison, either lured by the love of adventure, or moved by the sufferings of families exposed to the most horrible outrages, abandoned his med- ical studies and entered the army, having obtained a commission of ensign from Pres- ident Washington. The first duty assigned him was to take a train of pack-horses bound to Fort Hamilton, on the Miami River, about forty miles from Fort Wash- ington. He was soon promoted to the rank of Lieutenant, and joined the army which Washington had placed under the command of General Wayne to prosecute more vigorously the war with the In- dians. Lieutenant Harrison received great commendation from his commanding offi- cer, and was promoted to the rank of Captain, and placed in coiumand at Fort Washington, now Cincmnati, Ohio. About this time he married a daughter of John Cleves Symmes, one of the fron- tiersmen who had established a thriving settlement on the bank of the Maumee. In 1797 Captain Harrison resigned his commission in the army and was appointed Secretary of the Northwest Territory, and cx-officio Lieutenant-Governor, General St. Clair being then Governor of the Territory. At that time the law in reference to the disposal of the public lands was such that no one could purchase in tracts less than 4,000 acres. Captain Harrison, in the face of violent opposition, succeeded in obtaining so much of a modification of this unjust law that the land was sold in alternate tracts of 640 and 320 acres. The Northwest Territory vas then entitled to one delegate in C(»ngress, and Cap- tain Harrison was chosen to fill that of- fice. In 1800 he was appointed Governor ^/^/f< ij3^2-I-*i, ly/LiJAM UENnr iiarrison. S9 of Indiana Territory and soon after of Upper Louisiana. He was also Superin- tendent of Indian Affairs, and so well did lie fulfill these duties that he was four times appointed to this office. During his admin- istration he effected thirteen treaties with the Indians, by which the United States acquired 60,000,000 acres of land. In 1804 he obtained a cession from the Indians of all the land between the Illinois River and the Mississippi. In 1812 he was made Major-General of Kentucky militia and Brigadier-Genera! m the army, with the command of the Northwest frontier. In 181 3 he was made Major-General, and as such won much re- nown by the defense of Fort Meigs, and the battle of the Thames, Octobers, 1813. In 1814 he left the army and was employed in Indian affairs by the Government. In 1816 General Harrison was chosen a member of the National House of Repre- sentatives to represent the district of Ohio. In the contest which preceded his election he was accused of corruption in respect to the commissariat of the army. Immedi- ately upon taking his seat, he called for an investigation of the charge. A committee was appointed, and his vindication was triumphant. A high compliment was paid to his patriotism, disinterestedness and devotion to the public service. For these services a gold medal was presented to him with the thanks of Congress. In 1 8 19 he was elected to the Senate of Ohio, and in 1824, as one of the Presiden- tial electors of that State, he gave his vote to Henry Clay. In the same year he was elected to the Senate of the United States. In 1828 he was appointed by President Adams minister plenipotentiary to Colom- bia, but was recalled by General Jackson immediately after the inauguration of the Jatter. Upon his return to the United States, General Harrison retired to his farm at North Bend, Hamilton County, Ohio, six- teen miles below Cincinnati, where for twelve years he was clerk of the County Court. He once owned a distillery, but perceiving the sad effects of whisky upon the surrounding population, he promptly- abandoned his business at great pecuniary sacrifice. In 1836 General Harrison was brought forward as a candidate for the Presidency. Van Buren was the administration candi- date; the opposite party could not unite, and four candidates were brought forward. General Harrison received seventy-three electoral votes without any general concert among his friends. The Democratic party triumphed and Mr. \'an Buren was chosen President. In 1839 General Harrison was again nominated for the Presidency by the Whigs, at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, Mr. Van Buren being the Democratic candi- date. General Harrison received 234 elec- toral votes against sixty for his opponent. This election is memorable chiefly for the then extraordinary means employed during the canvass for popular votes. Mass meet- ings and processions were introduced, and the watchwords " log cabin " and " hard cider " were effectually used b)- the Whigs, and aroused a popular enthusiasm. A vast concourse of people attended his inauguration. His address on that occasion was in accordance with his antecedents, and gave great satisfaction. A short time after he took his seat, he was seized by a pleurisy- fever, and after a few days of violent sick- ness, died April 4, just one short month after his inauguration. H is death was universally regarded as one of the greatest of National calamities. Never, since the death of Washington, were there, throughout one land, such demonstrations of sorrow. Not one single spot can be found to sully his fame; and through all ages Americans wili pronounce with love and reverence the name of William Henrv Harrison. 6o PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES. M^;0^^^^,S^,^m^^^^^^,m^^ OHN TYLER, the tenth President of the United States, was born in Charles City County, Virginia, March 29, 1790. His father. Judge John Tyler, possessed large landed estates in Virginia, and was one of the most distinguished men of his day, filling the offices of Speaker of the House of Delegates, Judge of the Su- preme Court and Governor of the State. At the early age of twelve young John entered William and Mary College, and graduated with honor when but seventeen years old. He then closely apphed himself to the study of law, and at nineteen years of age commenced the prac- tice of his profession. When only twenty- one he was elected to a seat in the State Legislature. He acted with the Demo- cratic party and advocated the measures of Jefferson and Madison. For five years he was elected to the Legislature, receiving nearly the unanimous vote of his county. When but twenty-six years of age he was elected a member of Congress. He advo- cated a strict construction of the Constitu- tion and the most careful vigilance over State rights. He was soon compelled to resign his seat in Congress, owing to ill health, but afterward took his seat in the State Legislature, where he exerted a powerful influence in promoting public works of great utility. In 1825 Mr. Tyler was chosen Governor of his State — a high honor, for Virginia had many able men as competitors for the prize. His administration was signally a successful one. He urged forward inter- nal improvements and strove to remove sectional jealousies. His popularity secured his re-election. In 1827 he was elected United States Senator, and upon taking his seat jomed the ranks of the opposition. He opposed the tariff, voted against the bank as unconstitutional, opposed all restrictions upon slavery, resisted all projects of inter- nal improvements by the General Govern- ment, avowed his sympathy with Mr. Cal- houn's views of nullification, and declared that General Jackson, b}' his opposition to the nullifiers, had abandoned the principles of the Democratic party. Such was Mr. Tyler's record in Congress. This hostility to Jackson caused Mr. Tyler's retirement from the Senate, after his election to a second term. He soon after removed to Williamsburg for the better education of his children, and again took his seat in the Legislature. -Urc JOHN TYLER. 63 In 1839 he was sent to the National Con- vention at Harrisburg to nominate a Presi- dent. General Harrison received a majority of votes, much to the disappointment of the South, who had wished for Henry Clay. In order to concil'ate the Southern Whigs, John Tj'lcr was nominated for Vice-Presi- dent. Harrison and Tyler were inaugu- rated March 4, 1841. In one short month from that time President Harrison died, and Mr. Tyler, to his own surprise as well as that of the nation, found himself an occupant of the Presidential chair. His position was an exceedingly difficult one, as he was opposed to the main principles of the party which had brought him into power. General Harrison had selected a Whig cabinet Should he retain them, and thus surround himself with councilors whose views were antagonistic to his own? or should he turn against the party that had elected him, and select a cabinet in harmony with himself? This was his fear- ful dilemma. President Tyler deserves more charity than he has received. He issued an address to the people, which gave general satisfac- tion. He retained the cabinet General Harrison had selected. His veto of a bill chartering a new national bank led to an open quarrel with the party which elected him, and to a resignation of the entire cabinet, except Daniel Webster, Secretary of State. President Tyler attempted to conciliate. He appointed a new cabinet, leaving out all strong party men, but the Whig members of Congress were not satisfied, and they published a manifesto September 13, break- ing off all political relations. The Demo- crats had a majoritv in the House ; the Whigs in the Senate. Mr. Webster soon found it necessary to resign, being forced out by the pressure of his Whig friends. April 12, 1844, President Tyler concluded, rhrough Mr. Calhoun, a treaty for the an- nexation of Texas, which was rejected by the Senate ; but he effected his object in the closing da^-s of his administration by the passage of the joint resolution of March i 1845. He was nominated for the Presidency by an informal Democratic Convention, held at Baltimore in May, 1844, but soon with- drew from the canvass, perceiving that he had not gained the confidence of the Demo- crats at large. Mr. Tyler's administration was particu- larly unfortunate. No one was satisfied. Whigs and Democrats alike assailed him. Situated as he was, it is more than can be expected of human nature that he should, in all cases, have acted in the wisest manner ; but it will probably be the verdict of all candid men, in a careful review of his career, that John Tjdcr was placed in a position of such difficulty that he could not pursue any course which would not expose him to severe censure and denunciation. In 181 3 Mr. Tyler married Letitia Chris- tian, who bore him three sons and three daughters, and died in Washington in 1842. June 26, 1844, he contracted a second mar- riage with Miss Julia Gardner, of New York. He lived in almost complete retire- ment from politics until February, 1861, when he was a member of the abortive " peace convention," held at Washington, and was chosen its President. Soon after he renounced his allegiance to the United States and was elected to the Confederate Congress. He died at Richmond, January 17, 1862, after a short iilness. Unfortunately for his memory the name of John Tyler must forever be associated with all the misery of that terrible Re- bellion, whose cause he openly espoused. It is with sorrow that history records that a President of the United States died while defending the flag of rebellion, which was arrayed against the national banner in deadly warfare C4 PRESIDENTS OF THE UN/TED STATES. ^^5"> f*»"'--- ejs 'I- iip -'• (5)SJC^'J-'''5*^Sis) -T- 'AMES KNOX POLK, the eleventh President of y^fi^^ the United States, 1845- 7d , :'' '49, was born in Meck- lenburg Count}', North Carolina, November 2, 1795. He was the eldest son of a family of six sons and four daughters, and was a grand-nephew of Colonel Thomas Polk, celebrated in connection with the Meck- lenburg Declaration of In- dependence. In 1806 his father, Samuel Polk, emigrated with his fam- ily two or three hundred miles west to the valley of the Duck River. He was a sur- veyor as well as farmer, and gradually in- creased in wealth until he became one of the leading men of the region. In the common schools James rapidly be- came proficient in all the common branches of an English education. In 1813 he was sent to Murfreesboro Academy, and in the autumn of 181 5 entered the sophomore class in the University of North Carolina, at Chapel Hill, graduating in 1818. After a short season of recreation he went to Nash- ville and entered the law office of Felix I Grundy. As soon as he had his finished 1 legal studies and been admitted to the bar, he returned to Columbia, the shire town of Maury County, and openeJ an office. James K. Polk ever adhered to the polit- ical faith of his father, which was that of a Jeffersonian Republican. In 1823 he was elected to the Legislature of Tennessee. As a " strict constructionist," he did not think that the Constitution empowered the Gen- eral Government to carr\' on a system of internal improvements in the States, but deemed it important that it should have that power, and wished the Constitution amended that it might be conferred. Sub- sequently, however, he became alarmed lest the General Government become so strong as to undertake to interfere with slavery. He therefore gave all his influence to strengthen the State governments, and to check the growth of the central power. In January, 1824, Mr. Polk married Miss Mary Childress, of Rutherford County, Ten- nessee. Had some one then whispered to him that he was destined to become Presi- dent of the United States, and that he must select for his companion one who would adorn that distinguished station, he could not have made a more fitting choice. She was truly a lady of rare beauty and culture. In the fall of 1825 Mr. Polk was chosen a member of Congress, and was continu- <2^ Z ^ OCL ':J^ o~-<:>f<_ JAMES K. POLK. 67 ously re-elected until 1839. He then with- drew, only that he might accept the gubernatorial chair of his native State. He was a warm friend of General Jackson, who had been defeated in the electoral contest by John Quincy Adams. This latter gentleman had just taken his seat in the Presidential chair when Mr. Polk took his seat in the House of Representatives. He immediately united himself with the opponents of Mr. Adams, and was soon regarded as the leader of the Jackson party in the House. The four years of Mr. Adams' adminis- tration passed away, and General Jackson took tne Presidential chair. Mr. Polk had now become a man of great influence in Congress, and was chairman of its most important committee — that of Ways and Means. Eloquently he sustained General Jackson in all his measures — in his hostility to internal improvements, to the banks, and to the tariff. Eight years of General Jack- son's administration passed away, and the powers he had wielded passed into the hands of Martin Van Buren ; and still Mr. Polk remained in the House, the advocate of that type of Democracy which those distinguished men upheld. During five sessions of Congress Mr. Polk was speaker of the House. He per- formed his arduous duties to general satis- faction, and a unanimous vote of thanks to him was passed by the House as he with- drew, March 4, 1839. He was elected Governor by a large majority, and took the oath of office at Nashville, October 14, 1839. He was a candidate for re-election in 1841, but was defeated. In the mean- time a wonderful revolution had swept over the country. W. H. Harrison, the Whig candidate, had been called to the Presiden- tial chair, and in Tennessee the Whig ticket had been carried by over 12,000 majority. Under these circumstances Mr. Polk's suc- cess was hopeless. Still he canvassed the State with his Whig competitor, Mr. Jones, traveling in the most friendly manner to- gether, often in the same carriage, and at one time sleeping in the same bed. Mr. Jones was elected by 3,000 majoritj-. And now the question of the annexation of Texas to our country agitated the whole land. When this question became national Mr. Polk, as the avowed champion of an- nexation, became the Presidential candidate of the pro-slavery wing of the Democratic party, and George M. Dallas their candi- date for the Vice-Presidency. They were elected by a large majority, and were in- augurated March 4, 1845. President Polk formed an able cabinet, consisting of James Buchanan, Robert J. Walker, William L. Marcy, George Ban croft. Cave Johnson and John Y. Mason. The Oregon boundar}- question was settled, the Department of the Interior was created, the low tariff ol 1846 was carried, the financial system of the Government was reorganized, the Mexican war was con- ducted, which resulted in the acquisition of California and New Mexico, and had far- reaching consequences upon the later fort- unes of the republic. Peace was made. We had wrested from Mexico territory equal to four times the empire of France, and five times that of Spain. In the prose- cution of this war we expended 20,000 lives and more than $100,000,000. Of this money $15,000,000 were paid to Mexico. Declining to seek a renomination, Mr. Polk retired from the Presidency March 4, 1849, when he was succeeded by General Zachary Ta3'lor. He retired to Nashville, and died there June 19, 1849, '" the fifty- fourth year of his age. His funeral was at- tended the following dav, in Nashville, with every demonstration of respect. He left no children. Without being possessed of extraordinar)' talent, Mr. Polk was a capable administrator of public affairs, and irre- proachable in private life. 3S PRESrDBNTS OF THE UNITED STATES. g:vt--^^^^^SgEi^^^EEva^;AiaittJt^-^^^iSS-^iagtS3;ESiAa^i:k^v^^-V"A-vs^ i'j;'^'ir^'i?^'".*~i'.,r^';,'"i' .""i-^* '* r?-^^ ''yi^»4*»'iS*'»Ji»'i^'3ti«3! i#© ^ ij^'«!^^«»j^t*J»'«^'wij'«f5^'=^^'> /L-^^^T^ yAA/ES BUCHANAN. o'S tion laws of John Adams, brought the party into dispute, and the name of Federalist became a reproach. Mr. Buchanan almost immediately upon entering Congress began to incline more and more to the Repub- licans. In the storm)' Presidential election of 1824, in which Jackson, Clay, Crawford and John Quincy Adams were candidates, Mr. Buchanan espoused the cause of Gen- eral Jackson and unrelentingly opposed the administration of Mr. Adams. Upon his elevation to the Presidency, General Jackson appointed Mr. Buchanan, minister to Russia. Upon his return in 1833 he was elected to a seat in the United States Senate. He there met as his associates, Webster, Clay, Wright and Calhoun. He advocated the measures proposed by Presi- dent Jackson of making reprisals against France, and defended the course of the Pres- ident in his unprecedented and wholesale removals from office of those who were not the supporters of his administration. Upon this question he was brought into direct col- lision with Henry Clay. In the discussion of the question respecting the admission of Michigan and Arkansas into the Union, Mr. Buchanan defined his position by saying: " The older I grow, the more I am in- clined to be what is called a State-rights man." M. de Tocqueville, in his renowned work upon " Democracy in America," foresaw the trouble which was inevitable from the doctrine of State sovereignt}- as held by Calhoun and Buchanan. He was con- vinced that the National Government was losing that strength which was essential to its own existence, and that the States were assuming powers which threatened the perpetuity of the Union. Mr. Buchanan received the book in the Senate and de- clared the fears of De Tocqueville to be groundless, and yet he lived to sit in the Presidential chair and see State after State, in accordance with his own views of State rights, breaking from the Union, thus crumbling our Republic into ruins; while the unhappy old man folded his arms in despair, declaring that the National Consti - tution invested him with no power to arrest the destruction. Upon Mr. Polk's accession to the Presi- dency, Mr. Buchanan became Secretary of State, and as such took his share of thf responsibility in the conduct of the Mexi- can war. At the close of Mr. Polk's ad- ministration, Mr. Buchanan retired to pri- vate life; but his intelligence, and his great ability as a statesman, enabled him to exert a powerful influence in National affairs. Mr. Pierce, upon his election to the Presidency, honored Mr. Buchanan with the mission to England. In the year 1856 the National Democratic convention nomi- nated Mr. Buchanan for the Presidency. The political conflict was one of the most severe in which our country has ever en- gaged. On the 4th of March, 1857, Mr. Buchanan was inaugurated President. His cabinet were Lewis Cass, Howell Cobb, J. B. Floyd, Isaac Toucey, Jacob Thomp- son, A. V. Brown and J. S. Black. The disruption of the Democratic party, in consequence of the manner in which the issue of the nationality of slavery was pressed by the Southern wing, occurred at the National convention, held at Charleston in April, i860, for the nomination of Mr. Buchanan's successor, when the majority of Southern delegates withdrew upon the passage of a resolution declaring that the constitutional status of slavery should be determined by the Supreme Court. In the next Presidential canvass Abra- ham Lincoln was nominated by the oppo- *nents of Mr. Buchanan's administration. Mr. Buchanan remained in Washington long enough to see his successor installed and then retired to his home in Wheatland. He died June i, 1868, aged seventy-seven years. ii4 PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES. "ij» -T- ^ -r- (^'^^^^^ \^ '^^-1 Ul 'g*g^->«^'i«g-->^^- ■ r^Tr:3-:TT2-^^^^^rrpT>-r^,i^rir^ 7rp~ii3^T^ ^.i^r'fn'7^r^r'r^,^-;y7r^T^ t^,^ 1 <^v ^!?^-^ -^^fn:^f^^s^^'^^^'^.^'gT^..:^'^^<^^Vr^^'^^^^^'r< Andrew JOHNSON, the seventeenth Presi- dent of the United States, 1865-9, was born at Raleigh, > North Carolina, De- ''i'i^ cember 29, i8o8. His father died when he was four years old, and in his eleventh year he was ap- prenticed to a tailor. He nev- er attended school, and did not learn to read until late in his apprenticeship, when he suddenly acquired a passion for obtaining knowledge, and devoted all his spare time to reading. After working two years as a journey- man tailor at Lauren's Court-House, South Carolina, he removed, in 1826, to Green- ville, Tennessee, where he worked at his trade and married. Under his wife's in- structions he made rapid progress in his education, and manifested such an intelli- gent interest in local politics as to be elected as " workingmen's candidate " al- derman, in 1828, and mayor in 1830, being twice re-elected to each office. During this period he cultivated his tal- ents as a public speaker by taking part in a debating society, consisting largely of stu- dents of Greenville College. In 1835, and again in 1839, ^^ ^^'^^ chosen to the lower house of the Legislature, as a Democrat. In 1 84 1 he was elected State Senator, and in 1843, Representative in Congress, being re-elected four successive periods, until 1853, when he was chosen Governor of Tennessee. In Congress he supported the administrations of Tyler and Polk in their chief measures, especially the annexation of Texas, the adjustment of the Oregon boundary, the Mexican war, and the tariff of 1846. In 1855 Mr. Johnson was re elected Gov- ernor, and in 1857 entered the United States Senate, where he was conspicuous as an advocate of retrenchment and of the Homestead bill, and as an opponent of the Pacific Railroad. He was supported by the Tennessee delegation to the Democratic convention in i860 for the Presidential nomination, and lent his influence to the Breckenridgc wing of that party. When the election of Lincoln had brought about the first attempt at secession in December, i860, Johnson took in the Senate a firm attitude for the Union, and in Mav, i86t, on returning to Tennessee, he was in imminent peril of suffering from 9\ PRES/DEIVTS OF THE UN /TED STATES. popular violence for his loyalty to the " old flag." He was the leader of the Loyalists' convention of East Tennessee, and during the following winter was very active in or- ganizing relief for the destitute loyal refu- gees from that region, his own family being among those compelled to leave. By his course in this crisis Johnson came prominently before the Northern public, and when in March, 1862, he was appointed by President Lincoln military Governor of Tennessee, with the rank of Brigadier-Gen- eral, he increased in popularity b\' the vig- orous and successful manner in which he labored to restore order, protect Union men and punish marauders. On the ap- proach of the Presidential campaign of 1864, the termination of the war being plainly foreseen, and several Southern States being partially reconstructed, it was felt that the Vice-Presidency should be given to a South- ern man of conspicuous loyalty, and Gov- ernor Johnson was elected on the same platform and ticket as President Lincoln; and on the assassination of the latter suc- ceeded to the Presidency, April 15, 1865. In a public speech two days later he said: '•The American people must be taught, if they do not already feel, that treason is a crime and must be punished; that the Gov- ernment will not always bear with its ene- mies; that it is strong, not only to protect, but to punish. In our peaceful history treason has been almost unknown. The people must understand that it is the black- est of crimes, and will be punished." He then added the ominous sentence: " In re- gard to my future course, I make no prom- ises, no pledges." President Johnson re- tained the cabinet of Lincoln, and exhibited considerable severity toward traitors in his earlier acts and speeches, but he soon inaug- urated a policy of reconstruction, proclaim- ing a general amnesty to the late Confeder- ates, and successively establishing provis- ional Governments in the Southern States. These States accordingly claimed represen- tation in Congress in the following Decem- ber, and the momentous question of what should be the polic}' of the victorious Union toward its late armed opponents was forced upon that body. Two considerations impelled the Repub- lican majority to reject the policy of Presi. dent Johnson: First, an apprehension that the chief magistrate intended to undo the re- sults of the war in regard to slavery; and, sec- ond, the sullen attitude of the South, which seemed to be plotting to regain the policy which arms had lost. The credentials of the Southern members elect were laid on the table, a civil rights bill and a bill extending the sphere of the Freedmen's Bureau were passed over the executive veto, and the two highest branches of the Government were soon in open antagonism. The action of Congress was characterized bv the Presi- dent as a " new rebellion." In July the cabinet was reconstructed, Messrs. Randall, Stanbury and Browning taking the places of Messrs. Denison, Speed and Harlan, and an unsuccessful attempt was made by means of a general convention in Philadel- phia to form a new party on the basis of the administration policy. In an excursion to Chicago for the pur- pose of laying a corner-stone of the monu- ment to Stephen A. Douglas, President Johnson, accompanied b}' several members of the cabinet, passed through Philadelphia, New York and Albany, in each of which cities, and in other places along the route, he made speeches justifying and explaining his own policy, and violently denouncing the action of Congress. August 12, 1867, President Johnson re- moved the Secretary of War, replacing him by General Grant. Secretary Stanton retired under protest, based upon the ten- ure-of-office act which had been passed the preceding March. The President then is- sued a proclamation declaring the insurrec- A r^DRE W JOHNSOK. 9■^ tion at an end, and that " peace, order, tran- quility and civil authority existed in and throughout the United States." Another proclamation enjoined obedience to the Constitution and the laws, and an amnesty was published September 7, relieving nearly all the participants in the late Rebellion from the disabilities thereby incurred, on condition of taking the oath to support the Constitution and the laws. In December Congress refused to confirm the removal of Secretary Stanton, who thereupon resumed the e.xercise of his of- fice; but February 21, 1868, President Johnson again attempted to remove him, appointing General Lorenzo Thomas in his place. Stanton refused to vacate his post, and was sustained b}' the Senate. February 24 the House of Representa- tives voted to impeach the President for " high crime and misdemeanors," and March 5 presented eleven articles of impeachment on the ground of his resistance to the exe- cution of the acts of Congress, alleging, in addition to the offense lately committed, his public expressions of contempt for Con- gress, in " certain intemperate, inflamma- tor}' and scandalous harangues" pronounced in August and September, 1866, and there- after declaring that the Thirty-ninth Con- gress of the United States was not a competent legislative body, and denying its power to propose Constitutional amend- ments. March 23 the impeachment trial began, the President appearing hy counsel, and resulted in acquittal, the vote lacking one of the two-thirds vote required for conviction. The remainder of President Johnson s term of office was passed without any such conflicts as might have been anticipated. He failed to obtain a nomination for re- election by the Democratic party, though receiving sixty-five votes on the first ballot. July 4 and December 25 new proclamations of pardon to the participants in the late Rebellion were issuer^, but were of little effect. On the accession of General Grant to the Presidency, March 4, 1869, Johnson returned to Greenville, Tennessee. Unsuc- cessful in 1870 and 1872 as a candidate re- spective!)^ for United States Senator and Representative, he was finall\- elected to the Senate in 1875, and took his seat in the extra session of March, in which his speeches were comparatively temperate. He died Julv 31, 1875, and was buried at Green- ville. President Johnson's administration was a peculiarly unfortunate one. That he should so soon become involved in bitter feud with the Republican m?joritv in Congress was certainly a surprising and deplorable inci- dent; yet, in reviewing the circumstances after a lapse of so many years, it is easy to find ample room for a charitable judgment of both the parties in the heated contro- versy, since it cannot be doubted that any President, even Lincoln himself, had he lived, must have sacrificed a large portion of his popularity in carrying out any pos- sible scheme of reconstruction. y5 PRESIDENTS OF THE UNI TED STATES. wmm^Mmmmmmm. ^LYSSES SIMPSON GRANT, the eight- eenth President of the United States, i869-'77, was born April 27, 1822, at Point Pleasant, '■^ Clermont County, Ohio. His father was of Scotch descent, and a dealer in leather. At the age of seventeen he en- tered the Military Academy at West Point, and four years later graduated twenty-first in a class of thirty-nine, receiving the commission of Brevet Second Lieutenant. He was assigned to the Fourth Infantry and re- mained in the army eleven years. He was engaged in every battle of the Mexican war except that of Buena Vista, and received two brevets for gallantry. In 1848 Mr. Grant married Julia.daughter of Frederick Dent, a prominent merchant of St. Louis, and in 1854, having reached the grade of Captain, he resigned his commis- sion in the army. For several years he fol- lowed farming near St. Louis, but unsuc- cessfully : and in i860 he entered the leather trade with his father at Galena, Illinois. When the civil war broke out in 1861, Grant was thirty-nine years of age, but en- tirely unknown to public men and without any personal acquaintance with great affairs. President Lincoln's first call for troops was made on the 15th of April, and on the 19th Grant was drilling a company of volunteers at Galena. He also offered his services to the Adiutant-General of the army, but re- ceived no reply. The Governor of Illinois, however, emploj'ed him in the organization of volunteer troops, and at the end of five weeks he was appointed Colonel of the Twenty-first Infantry. He took command of his regiment in June, and reported first to General Pope in Missouri. His superior knowledge of military life rather surprised his superior officers, who had never before even heard of him, and they were thus led to place him on the road to rapid advance- ment. August 7 he was commissioned a Brigadier-General of volunteers, the ap- been made without his had been unanimously the Congressmen from of whom had been his pointment having knowledge. He recommended bv Illinois, not one personal acquaintance. For a few weeks he was occupied in watching the move- ments of partisan forces in Missouri. September i he was placed in command of the District of Southeast Missouri, with headquarters at Cairo, and on the 6th, with- out orders, he seized Paducah, at the mouth of the Tennessee River, and commanding the navigation both of that stream and oi ULrSSES S. GfiA.VT. 99 the Ohio. This stroke secured Kentucky to the Union ; for the State Legislature, which had until then affected to be neutral, at once declared in favor of the Govern- ment. In November following, according to orders, he made a demonstration about eighteen miles below Cairo, preventing the crossing of hostile troops into Missouri ; but in order to accomplish this purpose he had to do some fighting, and that, too, with only 3,000 raw recruits, against 7,000 Con- federates. Grant carried off two pieces of artillery and 200 prisoners. After repeated applications to General Halleck, his immediate superior, he was allowed, in February, 1862, to move up the Tennessee River against Fort Henry, in conjunction with a naval force. The gun- boats silenced the fort, and Grant immedi- ately made preparations to attack Fort Donelson, about twelve miles distant, on the Cumberland River. Without waiting for orders he moved his troops there, and with 15,000 men began the siege. The fort, garrisoned with 21,000 men, was a strong one, but after hard fighting on three successive days Grant forced an " Uncon- ditional Surrender " (an alliteration upon the initials of his name). The prize he capt- ured consisted of sixty-five cannon, 17,600 small arms and 14,623 soldiers. About 4,- 000 of the garrison had escaped in the night, and 2,500 were killed or wounded. Grant's entire loss was less than 2,000. This was the first important success won by the national troops during the war, and its strategic re- sults were marked, as the entire States of Kentucky and Tennessee at once fell into the National hands. Our hero was made a Major-General of Volunteers and placed in command of the District of West Ten- nessee. In March, 1862, he was ordered to move up the Tennessee River toward Corinth, where the Confederates were concentrat- ing a large army ; but he was directed not to attack. His forces, now numbering 38.- 000, were accordingly encamped near Shi- loh, or Pittsburg Landing, to await the arrival of General Buell with 40,000 more; but April 6 the Confederates came out from Corinth 50,000 strong and attacked Grant violently, hoping to overwhelm him before Buell could arrive ; 5,000 of his troops were beyond supporting distance, so that he was largely outnumbered and forced back to the river, where, however, he held out until dark, when the head of Buell's column came upon the field. The next day the Confederates were driven back to Corinth, nineteen miles. The loss was heavy on both sides ; Grant, being senior in rank to Buell, commanded on both days. Two days afterward Halleck arrived at the front and assumed command of the army. Grant remaining at the head of the right wing and the reserve. On May 30 Corinth was evacuated by the Confederates. In July Halleck was made General-in-Chief, and Grant succeeded him in command of the Department of the Tennessee. September 19 the battle of luka was fought, where, owing to Rosecrans's fault, only an incom- plete victory was obtained. Ne.vt, Grant, with 30,000 men, moved down into Mississippi and threatened Vicks- burg, while Sherman, with 40,000 men, was sent by way of the river to attack that place in front; but, owing to Colonel Murphy's surrendering Holly Springs to the Con- federates, Grant was so weakened that he had to retire to Corinth, and then Sherman failed to sustain his intended attack. In January, 1863, General Grant took command in person of all the troops in the Mississippi Valley, and spent several months in fruitless attempts to compel the surrender or evacuation of Vicksburg; but July 4, following, the place surrendered, with 31,- 600 men and 172 cannon, and the Mississippi River thus fell permanently into the hands of the Government. Grant was made a P/iESIDEXT.S OF J HE UMTED :STATb.!S. Major-General in the regular army, and in October following he was placed in com- mand of the Division of the Mississippi. The same month he went to Chattanooga and saved the Army of the Cumberland from starvation, and drove Bragg from that part of the country. This victory over- threw the last important hostile force west of the AUeghanies and opened the way for the National armies into Georgia and Sher- man's march to the sea. The remarkable series of successes which Grant had now achieved pointed him out as the appropriate leader of the National armies, and accordingly, in February, 1864, the rank of Lieutenant-General was created for him by Congress, and on March 17 he assumed command of the armies of the United States. Planning the grand final campaign, he sent Sherman into Georgia, Sigel into the valley of Virginia, and Butler to capture Richmond, while he fought his own way from the Rapidan to the James. The costly but victorious battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna and Cold Harbor were fought, more for the purpose of annihilating Lee than to capture any particular point. In June, 1864, the siege of Richmond was begun. Sherman, meanwhile, was marching and fighting daily in Georgia and steadily advancing toward Atlanta ; but Sigel had been defeated in the valley of Virginia, and was superseded b}- Hunter. Lee sent Early to threaten the Na- tional capital ; whereupon Grant gathered up a force which he placed under Sheridan, and that commander rapidly drove Early, in a succession of battles, through the valley of Virginia and destroyed his army as an organized force. The siege of Richmond went on, and Grant made numerous attacks, but was only partially successful. The people of the North grew impatient, and even the Government advised him to abandon the attempt to take Richmond or crush the Confederacy- in that way ; but he fight it never wavered. He resolved to out on that line, if it took all summer." By September Sherman had made his way to Atlanta, and Grant then sent him on his famous " march to the sea," a route which the chief had designed six months before. He made Sherman's success possi- ble, not only by holding Lee in front of Richmond, but also by sending reinforce- ments to Thomas, who then drew off and defeated the only army which could have confronted Sherman. Thus the latter was left unopposed, and, with Thomas and Sheri- dan, was used in the furtherance of Grant's plans. Each executed his part in the great design and contributed his share to the re- sult at which Grant was aiming. Sherman finally reached Savannah, Schofield beat the enemy at Franklin, Thomas at Nash- ville, and Sheridan wherever he met him ; and all this while General Grant was hold- ing Lee, with the principal Confederate army, near Richmond, as it were chained and helpless. Then Schofield was brought from the West, and Fort Fisher and Wil- mington were captured on the sea-coast, so as to afford him a foothold ; from here he was sent into the interior of North Caro- lina, and Sherman was ordered to move northward to join him. When all this was effected, and Sheridan could find no one else to fight in the Shenandoah Valley, Grant brought the cavalry leader to the front of Richmond, and, making a last effort, drove Lee from his entrenchments and captured Richmond. At the beginning of the final campaign Lee had collected 73,000 fighting men in the lines at Richmond, besides the local militia and the gunboat crews, amounting to 5,000 more. Including Sheridan's force Grant had 1 10,000 men in the works before Petersburg and Richmond. Petersburg fell on the 2d of April, and Richmond on the 3d, and Lee fled in the direction of L3'nch- burg. Grant pursued with remorseless C/ZrSSES S. GRANT. energy, only stopping to strike fresh blows, and Lee at last found himself not only out- fought but also out-marched and out-gen- eraled. Being completely surrounded, he surrendered on the 9th of April, 1865, at Appomattox Court-House, in the open field, with 27,000 men, all that remained of his army. This act virtuall)' ended the war. Thus, in ten days Grant had captured Petersburg and Richmond, fought, by his subordinates, the battles of Five Forks and Sailor's Creek, besides numerous smaller ones, captured 20,000 men in actual battle, and received the surrender of 27,000 more at Appomattox, absolutely annihilating an army of 70,000 soldiers. General Grant returned at once to Wash- ington to superintend the disbandment of the armies, but this pleasurable work was scarcely begun when President Lincoln was assassinated. It had doubtless been in- tended to inflict the same fate upon Grant; but he, fortunately, on account of leaving Washington early in the evening, declined an invitation to accompany the President to the theater where the murder was com- mitted. This event made Andrew Johnson President, but left Grant by far the most conspicuous figure in the public life of the country. He became the object of an en- thusiasm greater than had ever been known in America. Every possible honor was heaped upon him; the grade of General was created for him b)' Congress; houses were presented to him by citizens; towns were illuminated on his entrance into them ; and, to cap tiie climax, when he made his tour around the world, "all nations did him honor" as they had never before honored a foreigner. The General, as Commander-in-Chief, was placed in an embarrassing position by the opposition of President Johnson to the measures of Congress : but he directly man- ifested his characteristic loyalty by obeying Congress rather than the disaffected Presi- dent, although for a short time he had served in his cabinet as Secretary of War. Of course, everybody thought of General Grant as the next President of the United States, and he was accordingly elected as such in 1868 "by a large majority," and four years later re-elected by a much larger majority — the most overwhelming ever given by the people of this country. His first administration was distinguished by a ces- sation of the strifes which sprang from the war, by a large reduction of the National debt, and by a settlement of the difficulties with England which had grown out of the depredations committed by privateers fit- ted out in England during the war. This last settlement was made by the famous " Geneva arbitration," which saved to this Government $1 5,000,000, but, more than all, prevented a war with England. " Let us have peace," was Grant's motto. And this i is the most appropriate place to remark I that above all Presidents whom this Gov- j ernment has ever had, General Grant was the most non-partisan. He regarded the Executive office as purely and exclusively j executive of the laws of Congress, irrespect- ive of "politics." But every great man has jealous, bitter enemies, a fact Grant was well aware of. After the close of his Presidency, our General made his famous tour around the world, already referred to, and soon after- ward, in company with Ferdinand Ward, of New York City, he engaged in banking and stock brokerage, which business was made disastrous to Grant, as well as to him- self, by his rascality. By this time an in- curable cancer of the tongue developed itself in the person of the afflicted ex- President, which ended his unrequited life July 23, 1885. Thus passed away from earth's turmoils the man, the General, who was as truly the " father of this regenerated country" as was Washington the father of the infant nation. PNES/DEiVTS OF TUB UXITED STATES. i _/;3^ ■. I ^^t'fWfi'l'nrtt'/vii I't'JVJi l i'l nl'Vl'fVf RifYli'l'i ini't¥t'/¥i'i'-ni'il'/i I'l'tH. n'fn gi;iiiifi^B;goist) B. ^X¥i^^>'' UTHERFORD BIRCH- \ ARD HAYES, the nine- jAy teenth President of ^f- the United States, i877-'8i, was born in ?5iS^^' ^^l^^^^'"^' Ohio, Oc- '^"^^^p^ tober 4, 1822. His ancestry can be traced as far back as 1280, when Hayes and Rutherford were two Scottish chieftains fighting side by side with Baliol, William Wallace and Robert Bruce. Both fami- lies belonged to the nobility, owned extensive estates and had a large following. The Hayes family had, for a coat of-arms, a shield, barred and surmounted by a flying eagle. There was a circle of stars about the eagle and above the shield, while on a scroll underneath the shield was inscribed the motto, " Recte." Misfortune overtaking the family, George Hayes left Scotland in 1680, and settled in Windsor, Connecticut. He was an industrious worker in wood and iron, having a mechanical genius and a cul- tivated mind. His son George was born in Windsor and remained there during his life. Daniel Hayes, son of the latter, married Sarah Lee, and lived in Sirasbury, Con- necticut. Ezekiel, son of Daniel, was born in 1724, and was a manufacturer of scythes at Bradford, Connecticut. Rutherford Hayes, son of Ezekiel and grandfather of President Ha3^es, was born in New Haven, in August, 1756. He was a famous black- smith and tavern-keeper. He immigrated to Vermont at an unknown date, settling in Brattleboro where he established a hotel. Here his son Rutherford, father of Presi- dent Hayes, was born. In September, 1813, he married Sophia Birchard, of Wilming- ton, Vermont, whose ancestry on the male side is traced back to 1635, to John Birch- ard, one of the principal founders of Nor- wich. Both of her grandfathers were soldiers in the Revolutionary war. The father of President Hayes was of a mechanical turn, and could mend a plow, knit a stocking, or do almost anything that he might undertake. He was prosperous in business, a member of the church and active in all the benevolent enterprises of the town. After the close of the war of 1 8 1 2 he immigrated to Ohio, and purchased a farm near the present town of Delaware. His family then consisted of his wife and two children, and an orphan girl whom he had adopted. It was in 1817 that the family arrived at Delaware. Instead of settling upon his s. RUTIIERFOIiD li. If AYES. 'OS farm, Mr. Hayes concluded to enter into business in the village. He purchased an interest in a distillery, a business then as re- spectable as it was profitable. His capital and recognized ability assured him the highest social position in the communit\'. He (lied Jul}- 22, 1822, less than three months before the birth of the son that was destined to fill the office of President of the United States. Mrs. Hayes at this period was very weak, and the subject of this sketch was so feeble at birth that he was not e.vpected to live beyond a month or two at most. As the months went by he grew weaker and weaker so that the neighbors were in the habit of inquiring from time to time " if Mrs. Hayes's baby died last night." On one oc- casion a neighbor, who was on friendly terms with the family, after alluding to the boy's big head and the mother's assiduous care of him, said to her, in a bantering way, "That's right! Stick to him. You have got him along so far, and I shouldn't won- der if he would really come to something yet." " You need not laugh," said Mrs. Hayes, " you wait and see. You can't tell but I shall make him President of the United States yet." The boy lived, in spite of the universal predictions of his speedy death; and when, in 1825, his elder brother was drowned, he became, if possible, still dearer to his mother. He was seven years old before he was placed in school. His education, however, was not neglected. His sports were almost wholly within doors, his playmates being his sister and her associates. These circum- stances tended, no doubt, to foster that gentleness of disposition and that delicate consideration for the feelings of others which are marked traits of his character. At school lie was ardently devoted to his studies, obedient to the teacher, and care- ful to avoid the quarrels in which many of his schoolmates were involved. He was always waiting at the school-house door when it opened in the morning, and never late in returning to his seat at recess. His sister Fannie was his constant companion, and their affection for each other excited the admiration of their friends. In 1838 young Hayes entered Kenyon College and graduated in 1842. He then began the study of law in the office of Thomas Sparrow at Columbus. His health was now well established, his figure robust, his mind vigorous and alert. In a short time he determined to enter the law school at Cambridge, Massachusetts, where for two years he pursued his studies with great diligence. In 1845 he was admitted to the bar at Marietta, Ohio, and shortly afterward went into practice as an attorney-at-law with Ralph P. Buckland, of Fremont. Here he remained three years, acquiring but limited practice, and apparently unambitir)us o( distinction in his profession. His bachelor uncle, Sardis Birchard, who had always manifested great interest in his nephew and rendered him assistance in boyhood, was now a wealth)' banker, and it was under- stood that the young man would be his heir. It is possible that this expectation may have made Mr. Hayes more indifferent to the attainment of wealth than he would otherwise have been, but he was led into no extravagance or vices on this account. In 1849 1^6 removed to Cincinnati where his ambition found new stimulus. Two events occurring at this period had a pow- erful influence upon his subsequent life. One of them was his marriage to Miss Lucy Ware Webb, daughter of Dr. James Webb, of Cincinnati; the other was his introduction to the Cincinnati Literary Club, a body embracing such men as Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase, General John Pope and Governor Edward F. Noyes. The marriage was a fortunate one as every bod)' knows. Not one of all the wives ol io6 PBESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES. our Presidents was more universally ad- mired, reverenced and beloved than is Mrs. Hayes, and no one has done more than she to reflect honor upon American woman- hood. In 1856 Mr. Hayes was nominated to the office of Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, but declined to accept the nomina- tion. Two years later he was chosen to the office of City Solicitor. In 1861, when the Rebellion broke out, he was eager to take up arms in the defense of his country. His military life was bright and illustrious. June 7, 1861, he was appointed Major of the Twenty-third Ohio Infantry. In July the regiment was sent to Virginia. October 15, 1861, he was made Lieutenant-Colonel of his regiment, and in August, 1862, was promoted Colonel of the Seventy-ninth Ohio Regiment, but refused to leave his old comrades. He was wounded at the battle of South Mountain, and suffered severely, being unable to enter upon active duty for several weeks. No- vember 30, 1862, he rejoined his regiment as its Colonel, having been promoted Octo- ber 15. December 25, 1862, he was placed in com- mand of the Kanawha division, and for meritorious service in several battles was promoted Brigadier-General. He was also brevetted Major-General for distinguished services in 1864. He was wounded lour times, and five horses were shot from under him. Mr. Hayes was first a Whig in politics, and was among the first to unite with the Free-Soil and Republican parties. In 1864 he was elected to Congress from che Sec- ond Ohio District, which had always been Democratic, receiving a majority of 3,098. In 1866 he was renominated for Congress and was a second time elected. In 1867 he was elected Governor over Allen G. Thur- man, the Democratic candidate, and re- elected in 1869. In 1874 Sardis Birchard died, leaving his large estate to General Hayes. In 1876 he was nominated for the Presi- dency. His letter of acceptance excited the admiration of the whole country. He resigned the office of Governor and retired to his home in Fremont to await the result of the canvass. After a hard, long contest he was inaugurated March 5, 1877. His Presidency was characterized by compro- mises with all parties, in order to please as man}' as possible. The close of his Presi- dential term in 1881 was the close of his public life, and since then he has remained at his home in Fremont, Ohio, in Jefferso- nian retirement from public notice, in strik- ing contrast with most others of the world's notables. JAMES A. OAltFlELD. lOg i<^)^^^^!^52r>^ ^«^i^(^ . y t.\?p ^^\^<-'*.".'t^.'l'<.''l'*£l'*->l'<.' i''.' I' .^^.y -^T AMES A. GARFIELD, twentieth President of the United States, i88i, was born November 19, 1 83 1, in the wild woods v o f Cuyahoga County, Ohio. His parents were Abram and Eliza (Ballou) Garfield, who were of New England ancestr3\ The senior Garfield was an in- '' dustrious farmer, as the rapid improvements which appeared on his place at- tested. The residence was the familiar pioneer log cabin, and the household comprised the parents and their children — Mehetable, Thomas, Marv and James A. In May, 1833, the father died, and the care of the house- hold consequently devolved upon young Thomas, to whom James was greatly in- debted for the educational and other ad- vantages he enjoyed. He now lives in Michigan, and the two sisters live in Solon, Ohio, near their birthplace. As the subject of our sketch grew up, he, too, was industrious, both in mental and physical labor. He worked upon the farm, or at carpentering, or chopped wood, or at an}^ other odd job that would aid in support of the family, and in the meantime made the most of his books. Ever afterward he was never ashamed of his humble origin, nor for- got the friends of his youth. The poorest laborer was sure of his sympathy, and he always exhibited the character of a modest gentleman. Until he was about sixteen years of age, James's highest ambition was 10 be a lake captain. To this his mother was strongly opposed, but she finally consented to his going to Cleveland to carry out his long- cherished design, with the understanding, however, that he should try to obtain some other kind of emplo3-ment. He walked all the way to Cleveland, and this was his first visit to the city. After making many ap- plications for work, including labor on board a lake vessel, but all in vain, he finally engaged as a driver for his cousin, Amos Letcher, on the Ohio & Pennsyl- vania Canal. In a short time, however, he quit this and returned home. He then at- tended the seminary at Chester for about three years, and next he entered Hiram In- stitute, a school started in 1850 by the Disciples of Christ, of which church he was a member. In order to pay his way he assumed the duties of janitor, and at times taught school. He soon completed the cur- riculum there, and then entered Williams College, at which he graduated in 1856, taking one of the highest honors of his class. PRES/DEWTS OF THR UNITED STATES. Afterward he returned to Hiram as Presi- dent. In his youthful and therefore zealous piety, he exercised his talents occasionally as a preacher of the Gospel. He was a man of strong moral and religious convic- tions, and as soon as he began to look into politics, he saw innumerable points that could be improved. He also studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1859. November 11, 1858, Mr. Garfield married Miss Lucretia Rudolph, who ever after- ward proved a worthy consort in all the stages of her husband's career. They had seven children, five of whom are still living. It was in 1859 that Garfield made his first political speeches, in Hiram and the neighboring \'illages, and three years later he began to speak at county mass-meetings, being received everywhere with popular favor. He was elected to the State Senate this 3'ear, taking his seat in January, i860. On the breaking out of the war of the Rebellion in 1861, Mr. Garfield resolved to fight as he had talked, and accordingly he enlisted to defend the old flag, receiving his commission as Lieutenant-Colonel of the Fortv-second Regiment of the Ohio Volun- teer Infantr}', August 14, that year. He was immediatel}' thrown into active service, and before he had ever seen a gun fired in action he was placed in command of four regiments of infantry and eight companies of cavalry, charged with the work of driv- ing the Confederates, headed by Humphrey Marshall, from his native State, Kentucky. This task was speedily accomplished, al- though against great odds. On account of his success. President Lincoln commissioned him Brigadier-General, January 11, 1862; and, as he had been the youngest man in the Ohio Senate two years before, so now he was the 3oungest General in the army. He was with General Buell's army at Shi- loh, also in its operations around Corinth and its march through Alabama. Next, he was detailed as a member of the sfeneral court-martial for the trial of General Fitz- John Porter, and then ordered to report to General Rosecians, when he was assigned to the position of Chief of Staff. His mili- tary history closed with his brilliant ser- vices at Chickamauga, where he won the stars of Major-General. In the fall of 1862, without any effort on his part, he was elected as a Representative to Congress, from that section of Ohio which had been represented f(jr sixty years mainly by two men — Elisha Whittlesey and Joshua R. Giddings. Again, he was the youngest member of that body, and con- tinued there by successive re-elections, as Representative or Senator, until he was elected President in 1880. During his life in Congress he compiled and published by his speeches, there and elsewhere, more information on the issues of the day, espe- cially on one side, than any other member. June 8, 1880, at the National Republican Convention held in Chicago, General Gar- field was nominated for the Presidency, in preference to the old war-horses, Blaine and Grant ; and although many of the Re- publican party felt sore over the failure of their respective heroes to obtain the nomi- nation, General Garfield was elected by a fair popular majority. He was duly in- augurated, but on Juh' 2 following, before he had fairly got started in his adininistra- tion, he was fatally shot by a half-demented assassin. After ver}^ painful and protracted suffering, he died September 19, 1881, la- mented by all the American people. Never before in the history of this C(^untry had anything occurred which so nearly froze the blood of the Nation, for the moment, as the awful act (jf Guiteau, the murderer. He was duh- tried, convicted and put to death on the gallows. The lamented Garfield was succeeded by the Vice-President, General Arthur, who seemed to endeavor to carry out the policy inaugurated by his predecessor. ^£^A^ CHESTER A. ARTHUR. "3 HESTER ALLEN ARTHUR, the tvven- t\--first Chief Execu- tive of this growing republic, i88i-'5, was horn in Franklin County, Vermont, October 5, 1830, the eldest of a family of two sons and five daughters. His father, Rev. illiam Arthur, a Baptist nan, immigrated to this country from County Antrim, Ireland, in his eighteenth year, and died in 1875, in Newton- ville, near Albany, New York, after serving many years as a successful minister. Chester A. was educated at that old, conservative institution, Union Col- lege, at Schenectady, New York, where he excelled in all his studies. He graduated there, with honor, and then struck out in life for himself by teaching school for about two years in his native State. At the expiration of that time young Arthur, with $500 in his purse, went to the city of New York and entered the law office of ex-Judge E. D. Culver as a student. In due time he was admitted to the bar, when he formed a partnership with his intimate friend and old room-mate, Henry D. Gar. diner, with the intention of practicing law at some point in the West; but after spend- ing about three months in the Westen. States, in search of an eligible place, they returned to New York City, leased a room, exhibited a sign of their business and al- most immediately enjoyed a paying patron- age. At this stage of his career Mr. Arthur's business prospects were so encouraging that he concluded to take a wife, and ac- cordingly he married the daughter of Lieu- tenant Herndon, of the United States Nav)', who had been lost at sea. To the widow of the latter Congress voted a gold medal, in recognition of the Lieutenant's bravery during the occasion in which he lost his life. Mrs. Artnur died shortly before her husband's nomination to the Vice-Presi- dency, leaving two children. Mr. Arthur obtained considerable celeb- rity as an attorney in the famous Lemmon suit, which was brought to recover posses- sion of eight slaves, who had been declared free by the Superior Court of New York City. The noted Charles O'Conor, who was nominated by the " Straight Demo- crats" in 1872 for the United States Presi- dency, was retained by Jonathan G. Lem- 114 PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES. mon, of Virginia, to recover the negroes, but he lost the suit. In this case, however, Mr. Arthur was assisted by William M. Evarts, now United States Senator. Soon afterward, in 1856, a respectable colored woman was ejected from a street car in New York City. Mr. Arthur sued the car company in iier behalf and recovered $500 _ damages. Immediately afterward all the car companies in the city issued orders to their employes to admit colored persons upon their cars. Mr. Arthur's political doctrines, as well as his practice as a lawyer, raised him to prominence in the party of freedom ; and accordingly he was sent as a delegate to the first National Republican Convention. Soon afterward he was appointed Judge Advocate for the Second Brigade of the State of New York, and then Engineer-in- Chief on Governor Morgan's staff. In 1861, the first year of the war, he was made In- spector-General, and next, Quartermaster- General, in both which offices he rendered great service to the Government. After the close of Governor Morgan's term he resumed the practice of law, forming first a partnership with Mr. Ransom, and subse- quently adding Mr. Phelps to the firm. Each of these gentlemen were able lawyers. November 21, 1872, General Arthur was appointed Collector of the Port of New York by President Grant, and he held the office until July 20, 1878. The next event of prominence in General Arthur's career was his nomination to the V ice-Presidency of the United States, under the influence of Roscoe Conkling, at the National Republican Convention held at Chicago in June, i88o, when James A. Gar- field was placed at the head of the ticket. Both the convention and the campaign that followed were noisy and exciting. The iriends of Grant, constituting nearly half the convention, were exceedingly persist- ent, and were sorely disappointed over their defeat. At the head of the Demo- cratic ticket was placed a very strong and popular man ; yet Garfield and Arthur were elected by a respectable plurality of the popular vote. The 4th of March following, these gentlemen were accordingl3- inaugu- rated ; but within four months the assassin's bullet made a fatal wound in the person of General Garfield, whose life terminated September 19, 1881, when General Arthur, ex officio, was ob'iiged to take the chief reins of government. Some misgivings were entertained by many in this event, as Mr. Arthur was thought to represent espe cially the Grant and Conkling wing of the Republican party ; but President Arthur had both the ability and tne good sense to allay all fears, and he gave the restless, critical American people as good an ad- ministration as they had ever been blessed with. Neither selfishness nor low parti- sanism ever characterized any feature of his public service. He ever maintained a high sense of every individual right as well as of the Nation's honor. Indeed, he stood so high that his successor, President Cleve- land, though of opposing poHtics, expressed a wish in his inaugural address that he could onl}^ satisf}' the people with as good an administration. But the day of civil service reform had come in so far, and the corresponding re- action against "third-termism" had en- croached so far even upon "second-term" service, that the Republican party saw fit in 1884 to nominate another man for Presi- dent. Only by this means was General Arthur's tenure of office closed at Wash- ington. On his retirement from the Presi- dency, March, 1885, he engaged in the practice of law at New York City, where ho died Koveniher 18, 1886. 1' -^ r ■«»--•— 1,—«3^ OROVRR CrnVELAND. 117 ^1^,^ ^^^^li? ^0* ^Oi- dBOiWfiB ©&M¥1{g&SS. /" ^^^S»s ROVER CLEVE- LAND, the twenty- second President of the United States, 1885—, was born in Caldwell, Essex Coiintv, New J e rs e)- , ^Llrch 18, 1^ - i*;-^^ 1837. The house in which he •^AiZ'S^V' was born, a small tvvo-storv wooden building, is still stand- ^^^^^":^ ing-. It was the parsonage of tCji^^J J the Presbyterian church, of which his latiier, Richard Cleveland, at the time was pastor. The family is of New England origin, and for two centuries has contributed to the professions and to busi- ness, men who have reflected honor on the name. Aaron Cleveland, Grover Cleve- land's great-great-grandfather, was born in Massachusetts, but subsequently moved to Philadelphia, where he became an intimate friend of Benjamin Franklin, at whose house he died. He left a large family of children, who in time married and settled in different parts of New England. A grandson was one of the small American force that fought the British at Bunker Hill. He served with gallantry through- out the Revolution and was honorably discharged at its close as a Lieutenant in the Continental army. Another grandson, William Cleveland (a son of a second Aaron ;<■*•>>»>> Cleveland, who was distinguished as a writer and member of the Connecticut Legislature) was Grover Cleveland's grand- father. William Cleveland became a silver- smith in Norwich, Connecticut. He ac- quired by industry some property and sent his son, Richard Cleveland, the father of Grover Cleveland, to Yale College, where he graduated in 1824. During a year spent in teaching at Baltimore, ALiryland, after graduation, he met and fell in love with a Miss Annie Neale, daughter of a wealthy Baltimore book publisher, of Irish birth. He was earning his own way in the world at the time and was unable to marry; but in three years he completed a course of prepai:;3tion for the ministry, secured a church in Windham, Connecticut, and married Annie Neale. Subsequently he moved to Portsmouth, Virginia, where he preached for nearly two years, when he was summoned to Caldwell, New Jersey, where was born Grover Cleveland. When he was three years old the family moved to Fa3'etteville, Onondaga County, New York. Here Grover Cleveland lived until he was fourteenyearsold, the rugged, healthful life of a country boy. His frank, generous manner made him a favorite among his companions, and their respect was won by the good qualities in the germ which his manhood developed. He at- tended the district school of the village and iiS PRES/DEXTS OF THE V SITED STATES. was for a short time at the academy. His lather, however, believed that boys should be taught to labor at an earl)' age, and be- fore he had completed the course of studv at the academy he began to work in the village store at S50 for the first year, and the promise of $100 for the second vear. His work was well done and the promised in- crease of pay was granted the second year. Meanwhile his father and family had moved to Clinton, the seat of Hamilton College, where his father acted as agent to the Presbyterian Board of Home Missions, preaching in the churches of the vicinity. Hither Grover came at his father's request I shortly after the beginning of his second year at the Favetteville store, and resumed his studies at the Clinton Academv. After three years spent in this town, the Rev. Pilchard Cleveland was called to the vil- lage church of Holland Patent. He had preached here only a month when he was suddenly stricken down and died without an hour's warning. The death of the father left the family in straitened circumstances, as Richard Cleveland had spent all his salary of $1,000 per year, which was not required for the necessary expenses of liv- ing, upon the education of his children, of , whom there were nine, Grover being the fifth. Grover was hoping to enter Hamil- ton College, but the death of his father made it necessary for him to earn his own livelihood. For the first year (1853-4) he , acted as assistant teacher and bookkeeper in , the Institution for the Blind in New York City, of which the late Augustus Schell was for many years the patron. In the winter of 1S54 he returned to Holland Patent nhere the generous people of that place, Favetteville and Clinton, had purchased a home for his mother, and in the following spring, borrowing $25, he set out for the West to earn his living. Reaching Buffalo he paid a hasty visit to an uncle, Lewis F. Allen, a well-known stock farmer, living at Black Rock, a few miles distant. He communicated his plans to Mr. Allen, who discouraged the idea of the West, and finally induced the enthusi- astic boy of seventeen to remain with him and help him prepare a catalogue of blooded short-horn cattle, knownas " Allen's Amer- ican Herd Book," a publication familiar to all breeders of cattle. In August. 1855, he entered the law office of Rogers, Bowen & Rogers, at Buffalo, and after serving a few months without pay, was paid $4 a week — an amount barelv sufficient to meet the necessary expenses of his board in the famih' of a fellow-student in Buffalo, with whom he took lodgings. Life at this time with Grover Cleveland was a stern battle with the world. He took his breakfast bv candle-light with the drovers, and went at once to the office where the whole day was spent in work and study. L^sually he re- turned again at night to resume reading which had been interrupted bv the duties of the day. Gradually his employers came to recognize the ability, trustworthiness and capacitv for hard work in their young employe, and by the time he was admitted to the bar (1859) he stood high in their con- fidence. A year later he was made confi- dential and managing clerk, and in the course of three 3'ears more his salary had been raised to $1,000. In 1863 he was ap- pointed assistant district attorney of Erie Count}' by the district attorney, the Hon. C. C. Torrance. Since his first vote had been cast in 1S58 he had been a staunch Democrat, and until he was chosen Governor he always made it his duty, rain or shine, to stand at the polls and give out ballots to Democratic voters. During the first year of his term as assistant district attorney, the Democrats desired especially to carry the Board of Su- pervisors. The old Second Ward in which he lived was Republican- ordinarily by 250 majority, but at the urgent request oi the GROVER CLEVELAND. 119 party Grover Cleveland consented to be the Democratic candidate for Supervisor, and came within thirteen votes of an elec- tion. The three years spent in the district attorney's office were devoted to assiduous labor and the extension of his professional attainments. He then formed a law part- nership with the late Isaac V. Vanderpoel, ex-State Treasurer, under the firm name of Vanderpoel & Cleveland. Here the bulk of the work devolved on Cleveland's shoul- ders, and he soon won a good standing at the bar of Erie County. In 1869 Mr. Cleveland formed a partnership with ex- Senator A. P. Laning and ex-Assistant United States District Attorney Oscar Fol- som, under the firm name of Laning, Cleve- land & Folsom. During these years he began to earn a moderate professional in- come; but the larger portion of it was sent to his mother and sisters at Holland Patent to whose support he had contributed ever since i860. He served as sheriff of Erie County, i870-'4, and then resumed the practice of law, associating himself with the Hon. Lyman K. Bass and Wilson S. Bissell. The firm was strong and popular, and soon commanded a large and lucrative practice. Ill health forced the retirement of Mr. Bass in 1879, and the firm became Cleveland & Bissell. In 18S1 Mr. George J. Sicard was added to the firm. In the autumn election of 1881 he was elected mayor of Buffalo by a majority of over 3,500 — the largest majority ever given a candidate for mayor — and the Democratic city ticket was successful, although the Republicans carried Buffalo by over 1,000 majority for their State ticket. Grover Cleveland's administration as mayor full/ justified the confidence reposed in him by the people of Buffalo, evidenced by the great vote he received. The Democratic State Convention met at Syracuse, September 22, 1882, and nomi- nated Grover Cleveland for Governor on the third ballot and Cleveland was elected by 193,000 majoritv. In the fall of 1 884 he was elected President of the United States by about 1,000 popular majority, in New York State, and he was accordingly inaugurated the 4th of March following. PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES. l^-i§ ^•^SJ _,j_fc=r:S)' -^ '^ -g'^g^-JS-^I- % BENJAMIN HAI^I^ISON. | l_5 ENJAMIN HARRISON, the twenty-third Presi- dent o-f the United States, 1889, was born at North Bend, Hamilton County, Ohio, in the house of his grandfather, "William Hen- ry Harrison (who was the ninth President of this country), August 20th, 1833. He is a descendant of one of the historical families of this country, as also of England. The head of the family was a Major-General Harrison who was devoted to the cause of Oliver Cromwell. It became the duty of this Har- rison to participate in the trial of Charles 1. and afterward to sign the death warrant of the king, which subsequently cost him his life. His enemies succeeding to power, he was condemned and executed October 13th, IfitJO. His descendants came to America, and the tirst mention made in history of the Harrison family as representative in public affairs, is that of Benjamin Harrison, great- grandfather of our present President, who was a member of the Continental Congress, 1774-5-6, and one of the original signers of the Declaration of Independence, and three times Governor of Virginia. His son, Will- iam Henry Harrison, made a brilliant mili- tary record, was Governor of the Northwest Territory, and the ninth President of the United States. The subject of this sketch at an early age became a student at Farmers College, where he remained two years, at the end of which time he entered Miami University, at Ox- ford, Ohio. Upon graduation from said seat of learning he entered, as a student, the of- fice of Stover & Gwyne, a notable law firm at Cincinnati, Ohio, where he applied himself closely to the study of his chosen profession, and here laid the foundation for the honora- ble and famous career before him. He spent two years with the firm in Cincinnati, at the expiration of which time he received the only inheritance of his life, which was a lot left him by an aunt, which he sold for $800. This sum he deemed sufficient to justify him in marrying the lady of his choice, and to whom he was then engaged, a daughter of Dr. Scott, then Principal of a female school at Oxford, Ohio. After marriage he located at Indianapolis, Indiana, where he began the practice of law. Meeting with slight encouragement he made but little the first year, but applied himself '.CK^^ BENJAMiy HARRISON. >23 closely to his business, and by perseverance, honorable dealing and an upright life, suc- ceeded ill building upan extensive practice and took a leading position in the legal profession. In 1860 he was nominated for the position of Supreme Court Reporter for the State of Indiana, and then began his experience as a stump speaker. He canvassed the State thoroughly and was elected. In 1802 his patriotism caused him to abandon a civil otfiee and to offer his country his services in a military capacity. He or- ganized the Seventieth Indiana Infantry and was chosen its Colonel. Although his regi- ment was composed of raw material, and he practically void of military schooling, be at once mastered military t.ictics and drilled his men, so that when he with his regiment was assigned to Gen. Sherman's command it was known as one of the best drilled organ- izations of the army. He was especially distinguished for bravery at the battles of Kesacca and Peach Tree Creek. For his bravery and efficiency at the last named bat- tle he was made a Brigadier-General, Gen- eral Hooker speaking of him in the most complimentary terras. While General Harrison was actively en- gaged in the field the Supreme Court declared the office of Supreme Court Reporter vacant, and another person was elected to fill the position. From the time of leaving Indiana with his regiment for the front, until the fall of 1804, General Harrison had taken no leave of absence. But having been nominated that year for the same office that he vacated in order to serve his country where he could do the greatest good, he got a thirty-day leave of absence, and during that time canvassed the State and was elected for another term as Supreme Court Reporter. He then started to rejoin liis command, then with General Sherman in the South, but was stricken down with fever and after a very trying siege, made his way to the front, and participated in the closing scenes and incidents of the war. In 1868 General Harrison declined a re- election as Reporter, and applied himself to the practice of his profession. He was a candidate for Governor of Indiana on the Republican ticket in 1876. Although de- feated, the brilliant campaign brought him to public notice and gave him a iVational reputation as an able and formidable debater and lie was much songht in the Eastern States as a public speaker. He took an act- ive part in the Presidential campaign of 1880, and was elected to the United States Senate, where he served six years, and was known as one of the strongest debaters, as well as one of the ablest men and best law- yers. When his term expired in the Senate he resumed his law practice at Indianapolis, becoming the head of one of the strongest law firms in the State of Indiana. Sometime prior to the opening of the Presidential campaign of 1888, the two great political parties (Republican and Democratic) drew the line of political battle on the ques- tion of tariff, which became the leading issue and the rallyi'^g watchword during the mem- orable camp f."^-n. The Republicans appealed to the people for their voice as to a tariff to protect home industries, while the Democrats wanted a tariff for revenue only. The Re- publican convention assembled in Chicago in June and selected Mr. Harrison as their standard bearer on a platform of ] rinciples, among other important clauses being that of protection, which he cordially indorsed in accepting the nomination. November 6, 1888, after a heated canvass. General Harri- son was elected, defeating Grover Cleveland, who was again the nominee of the Demo- cratic party. He was inaugurated and as- sumed the duties of his office March -1, lSii9. TWSTC^'T'bV^S^T^ "W' -OF- DALLAS COUNTY, TEXAS. IN GENERAL. fcF the large number of counties in this great State of Texas, it is universally con- ^ ceded, not only by the citizens of the State, but also by all passing immigrants, that for richness of soil, congeniality of climate, charming and delightful scenery, a cultivated and hospital people, Dallas county can not be surpassed. Truly has it been said that she is the "banner county of the State." Situated in the center of the northern por- tion of the State, on what might be called a high rolling plateau, it is bounded on the north by tlie county of Denton, east by Collin and Kaufman, south by Ellis and west by Tar- rant. GEOLOGY. The geological formation of the soil of Dallas county and of the strata beneath be- longs in geology to that period classed as Meso- zoic time and in the Cretaceous period, the lower division of this being uncrystaline or of aqueous origin. There is a stratum of white limestone rock beneath the deep, rich, loamy black soil, which appears universal through the entire county. Sometimes it 10 crops out and extends for miles, scattering here and there, giving a mixed soil of black with small white and greyish lime rocks. Especially is this frequently seen in the west ern portion of the county. This soil is very superiorly adapted to the growing of small grains of almost every kind. Beneath this limestone is sometimes found beds of gravel, which is most conveniently utilized in improving roads and streets. These beds are found to be of remarkable var- iation of depth and dimensions, and must have been formed here when the waters cov- ered the surface, having been drifted hither and thither by tlie surging waters. This gravel is lasting, as it consists chiefly of quartz, and of course is never ground into powder when used, while the white and gray- ish limestone found immediately beneath the soil crumbles on being exposed to the ele- ments, and of course is not only worthless for paving roads and avenues but also for all building purposes of an}' kind. The very best of lime has been manufac- tured out of this stratum of limestone, and, owing to this formation,nearly all the springs and streams are of hard water. There are 126 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. exceptions, of course, as in the case of deep wells sunk beneath the strata and where water is found in gravel or in a stratum beneath that of the limestone. SOIL AND OTHEE PHYSICAL FEATURES. There is what is commonly, and most ap- propriately, termed the "black strip" of soil, about sixty miles in width, becrinning at Ked river, the dividing line between Texas and the Indian Territory, sweeping through Texas and extending almost to the Gulf of Mexico, and embraces the richest and most productive soil in the State. Dallas county is largely in this strip. While the surface consists in the greater ineasure of rolling prairie most de- lightful to the eye, especially when clothed in spring time with fresh green verdure, it is traversed by cross timbers that cluster on the banks of the Trinity river, which flows diag- onally almost through its center, also on smaller streams and ravines. The soil is of that black, rich, loamy texture characteristic of the most productive known to geologists, and in some portions of the county it consists of that black, waxy character most charm- ingly adapted to almost every product known to the Southern climate. The rich, black soil sometimes extends to the depth of four and live feet, and is said to never diminish its strength in giving forth produce like that of the sandy or clay-like soil. On this the finest vegetation grows. When this county was unsettled the wild grass would grow to the height of an ordi- nary man. It was proverbial that the hunter would sometimes become lost in the grass. and, straying off from his companions, entail upon himself the greatest difficulty to find his bearings. This grass was not entirely over the county, but only in some sections. A heavy mat of turf, however, was extended over the entire surface of the soil, especially on the prairies, and it was so strongly matted, and the black, sticky soil so compact that it was of the greatest difficulty to break it up so as to make it arable for farming purposes. It was, therefore, common to see the farmer in primeval days of the county with from six to eight yoke of oxen, or with from four to Fix mules, hitched to a large plow, breaking up his prairie lands, doing what was commonly called "sodding;" but as the county became more thickly populated and rains fell more frequently, thereby moistening the surface, this task of "sodding" became less irksome — so much so that at the present period of development it is common to see the farmer seated on his sulky plow, with only two horses, plowing this wild laud; in other words, sodding his new lands. This soil, once thought to produce nothing with any cer- tainty but corn and cotton, has been found to contain those elements and ingredients productive of all kinds of small grains, and in fact almost every kind of vegetation known to the Southern climate. TIMBEK. There is but a small quantity of timber, comparatively speaking, in the county, and that is found as stated, clustering on tlie streams, and, while not adapted for building purposes, it affords great comfort and con- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 127 venience to the citizen for fuel in winter a8 well as protection to stock from the cold blasts of the northern winds, commonly called the "Texas Norther." This timber consists of oak, sycamore, pecan, hackberry, walnut, Cottonwood, red and white elm, black- jack, box-elder, red haw, locust, hickory, wild china, cedar, gum-elastic, ash and "bois d'arc" (osage orange); and a peculiarity about it is, it does not grow to a great height. It is mostly stumpy, except immediately on the banks of the Trinity river. Here you find occasionally a large cottonwood, elm or hackberry. This timber has also an under- growth called "underbrush," which makes it sometimes very difficult to pass through. At an early date, the farmers enclosed their farms with rails and brush, hauled for miles from tiiese cross timl)erti, iiut as the popula- tion increased, and the timber became more scarce, and dear in price, bois-d'arc hedges were substituted, and afterward the barbed wire. AGEICULTUKAL. At the present period of development, almost every farmer in the county has his iuclosure fenced witl) barbed wire. The introduction of this wire was a great blessing to the people. In fact, it would have been almost impossible for the people in the county to have gotten along without it. Cotton, corn, wheat, and oats, raised per acre, in Dallas county, cannot be surpassed in any county in tlie State. Truly might it be said that the quantity per acre on some of the choice lands of this county, approxi- mates that of the richest soil in the Missis- sippi valley. The cotton stalk is known to grow so high in places that a man can scarcely reach to the top, and the limbs so heavy with bolls that they sometimes break from the main stem. Corn and wheat are raised in great quantities. All vegetables are grown with ease. Sweet and Irish pota- toes, sorghum, — in fact almost all produce raised in a southern climate are produced on this soil. The largest, sweetest, finest quality of fruit, of almost every kind, such as peaches, apricots, apples, grapes, cherries pears, plums, etc., are produced. Water- melons are a marvel in size, in their season. The average yield of wheat per acre is from fifteen to thirty bushels; cotton from one-half bale to a bale, corn, from thirty to seventy bushels; oats, from thirty-five to eighty bushels; and hay, both native and cultivated, cannot be surpassed. The Johnson and Ber- muda grasses, and millet, are raised in abundance. All of the abos'e produce always brings the very highest prices in the markets of the country. WATER COOKSES, WELLS, ETC. Dallas county is one of the best-watered counties in the State. Besides the Trinity river, there is the Five- Mile creek, and the Ten-Mile creek, — so denominated because of the distance from Dallas, the largest and central city in its borders. Almost all these smaller streams merge into the Trinity river. Beside these, there are many everflowing springs. The people are supplied with water by 128 HISTORT OP DALLAS COUNTY. wells, in which any quantity can be secured by digging to only a shallow depth. Very frequently, at the depth of from fifteen to twenty feet, an abundance is secured. The wealthier citizens have flowing artesian wells, which are at present becoming quite common in this county. After boring down a few hundred feet, the artesian water, as clear as a crystal, will burst forth, sometimes as high as twenty feet above the surface. The water from the ordinary wells, springs and creeks is principally from magnesian limestone, and of course very healthful. That of the artesian wells is pure, a little warm, but delightful, after remaining exposed to the air a short while. Rain-water in cisterns is used by many, and more especially in pools, called " tanks," which are denominated in the East as ponds. These tanks are commonly used by farmers for stock. They dam up a ravine or dig a place in some low spot on the prairie, so the water sometimes can bank up for the distance of a half mile. This is a very common means of securing water for cattle, and it was, indeed, more common with earlier settlers than now, when long droughts visited the county and lasted for several months. During tlie periods of droughts, the people would drive their cattle for miles, to a neighbor's tank. No such droughts now visit the county. TEMPERATURE. Almost the entire time, during the sum- mer season, a cool and delightful breeze is blowing: so the temperature in mid-summer ranges from about 75 to 90 degrees. The nights are generally very pleasant, as a cool and delightful gulf breeze prevails almost constantly. A sunstroke here is very un- common. This county is superior in splendid facili- ties for traveling by private conveyance, in addition to the numerous railroads. The county roads, bridges, and all avenues, are in first-class order. CENStTS. The population of Dallas county in 1890 was 67,003, showing the largest of all coun- ties in the State. It contains an area of 900 square miles, and an assessed valuation of its property, in 1890, of $35,849,000. The lands are valued at from $10 to $50 per acre, — the lands most valuable, near the city of Dallas, at from $100 to $200 per acre. The following table, taken from the State Report of the Agricultural Bureau for 1890, shows the value of field crops: Crops. Acres. Product. Volne. Cotton, bales 64,350 20,175 1807,530 Corn, busliels 89,433 2,421,537 985,695 Wheat, bushels 46,924 375,393 363,774 Oats, bushels 47,763 1,432,890 439,867 Barley, bushels 175 8,230 5,840 Rye, bushels 376 15,175 12,020 Potatoes, sweet, bushels 732 79,164 39,345 Potatoes, Irish, bushels 535 63,113 43,489 Peas, bushels 25 237 468 Beans, bushels 27 478 873 Hay, cultivated, tons 2,816 9,417 113,069 Hay, prairie, tons 6,470 6,533 51,193 Millet, tons 3,127 8,116 92,417 Sorghum cane, bbls. molasses. . 1,032 4,111 76,160 Sorghum cane, tons 327 1,635 9,334 Tons cotton seed produced 10,087 80,696 Fruits and Oarden. — Acres in peaches 812, value $24,690; in apples 37, value !{!523; in plums 57, value $725; in pears 14, value $386; in melons 632, value $34,884; in garden 337, valuo $33,119; number of grape vines 22,131, value $2,915. HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 139 if»«.— Stands of bees 120; pounds of honey 9,168, value $1,100. Wool. — Number of sbsep sheared 4,135; pounds of wool clipped 16,540, value f2,481. Lite Stock. — Number of horses and mules 19,210, value 1764,400; cattle ;«,779, value |257,175; jacks and jennets 85, value $12,070; sheep 4,138, value $4,420; goaU 960, value $^90; hogs 12,364, value $32,555. GEOLOGY. As the preceding sketch is a mere preliini- uary bird's-eye view of the section of which we are writing, we now present a fuller view of the geological character of the district in which Dallas county is situated. A thorough geological survey of northern Texas has never yet been made, but we give the substance of the surveys that have been made and published in the First Annual Re- port of the Geological Survey of the State. Dallas county lies in the Cretaceous system, characterized by chalk formations. The two series of rocks comprising this system occupy the area known as the Black Prairie, the Grand Prairie and the two Cross Timbers, besides unstudied areas in the eastern and trans- Pecos regions of the State. To these strata the State owes a large part of her agricultural and general prosperity, for they are the foundation of the rich, black waxy and other calcareous soils of this region, and in addition to their agricultural features they are the most productive source of build- ing material, while adjacent to the parting between them, extending the entire length of the Stale and depending upon their strati- graphy, is a remarkable area of natural and artesian wells. That these formations are of great economic value is also shown by the fact that they are the site of our principal cities and the rich agricultural soils which surround them. This is in general a chalky country, and uniquely Texan, so far as the United States are concerned, constituting a distinct geo- graphic region in every topographic, eco- nomic and cultural aspect, and one which should not be confused with other portions of the country. It covers an area of over 73,512 square miles, or over one-fourth (28.27 per cent.) the total area of Texas, forming a broad belt of fertile territory across the heart of the State, from the Ouachita mountains of the Indian Territory and Arkansas to the mountains of northern Mexico, — an area larger than the average American State, and equal to the combined area of all the New England States. One-third of this region lies north of the Colorado river, and the remainder to the southwest. This region, with its many different prai- ries, each covered by its peculiar vegetation, its sweeping plains and diverse valleys, its undulating slopes clad with "motts" of live- oak, its narrow strips of cross timbers, its ragged buttes and mesas, presents a landscape varied, yet possessing as a whole an individ- uality peculiarly its own. All of these fea- tures, with their different tints and tones of soil and vegetation, with their varied condi- tions for human habitation, are but the sur- face aspects of the system of chalky rocks (chalky sands, chalky clays and chalky lime- stones) upon which it is founded, and to which is primarily due every physical qtiality 130 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. of the country. In fact it is the great chalky region of the United States. The rocks originated as sediments of the Atlantic ocean, laid down with great uni- formity during two of the long epochs of subsidence and emergence when the waters covered this region many hundred fathoms deep. These ancient sediments are now more or less consolidated and elevated into a fertile land, which is decomposing under atmos- pheric conditions into soils and debris, and in turn being slowly transported to the ocean, where it will make other rock sheets. .They now occur in regular sheets or strata, dipping beneath each other toward the sea, while the projecting western edges, each of which weathers into and imparts its individuality to its own peculiar belt of country, outcrops in long, narrow belts, sub- parallel to the present ocean outline. Thus it is that as one proceeds inland from the coast he constantly crosses successively lower and lower sheets of these formations. The oldest, or lowest, in a geological sense, of these outcrops, forms the Upper Cross Timbers, those above these make the Grand .Prairie, the next sheet forms the Lower Cross Timbers, and the next the Black Prairie, etc. Each of these weathers into a characteristic soil, which in its turn is adapted to a peculiar agriculture. Each, too, has its own waterconditions and other features of economic value. Some of these rock sheets, like the Up- per Cross Timber country, may be compara- tively unfertile in the region of outcrop, yet they may serve to carry the rain which falls upon the thirsty sands far beneath the adjacent country, where by artesian borings it becomes an invaluable source of water supply for a dis- tant and more fertile region. The Cretaceous country of Texas, as a whole, like the system of rocks of which the surface is composed, is separable into two great divisions, each of which in turn is sab- divided still further. These two regions are known as the Black Prairie and Grand (or Fort Worth) Prairie regions, each of which includes in its western border, north of the Brazos, an elongated strip of timber known as the Lower and Upper Cross Timbers, respectively. THE BLACK PEAIEIE REGION occupies an elongated area extending the length of the State from Red river to the Rio Grande. The eastern border of the Black Prairie is approximately the southwestern termination of the great Atlantic timber belt. The Missouri Pacific and the International railroads from Denison to San Antonio ap- proximately mark the western edge. A little south of the center, along the Colorado river, from Austin eastward to the Travis county line near Webberville, the Black Prairie is restricted to its narrowest limits. Westward this prairie is succeeded by a region of some superficial resemblance to it which on closer study is found to differ in all essential points. This is the Grand, or Fort AVorth, Prairie, or "hard- lime-rock region." The so-called mountains west of Austin are the remains of the Grand Prairie. In general, the Black Prairie region consists of a level plain, imperceptibly sloping to the southeast, varied only by gentle undulations HISrOHY OF DALLAS COUNT T. 131 and deep drainage valleys, unmarked by pre- cipitate cafions. It is transected at intervals by tlie larj^er streams, whose deep-cut valleys, together with their side streams, make indent- ations into the plain, but not sufficiently to destroy the characteristic flatness of its wide divides — remnants of the original plain, or topographic marine base level, which has not been conjpletely scored by its still youthful drainage system. The altitude of the plain is between 600 and 800 feet. The surface of most of the Black Prairie region is a deep black day soil, which when wet becomes ex- cessively tenaceous, from which fact it is lo- cally called "black waxy." In general it is the residuum of the underlying clays, and contains an excess of lime, which, acting upon the vegetation by complicated chemical changes, causes the black color. It is ex- ceedingly productive, and nearly every foot of its area is susceptible of a high state of cultivation, constituting one of the largest continuous agricultural regions in the United States. Large crops of cotton, corn, etc., are annually raised upon its fertile lands; and if there were facilities for proper transportation it would soon be one of the leading districts of our country. The Black Prairie is subdivided longitudi- nally into four parallel strips of country, dif- fering slightly, and distinguishable only by slight differences in topographj and in the underlying rocks. In the easternmost of these divisions north of the Brazos and Colorado rivers, however, the sand is hardly percepti- ble. Immediately interior of this is located the largest and most characteristic area', which is marked by the stiffest of the black waxy calcareous clay soils. Upon digging tlirough this stratum, the subtructure is found to consist of a light blue or yellow cal- careous clay, called by the residents "soap stone" and "joint clay," from its jointed and laminated structure. The surface, especially of the high undrained divides, is also accom- panied in many places by minute depressions known as "hog- wallows," which are producd by the drying, cracking and disintegrating character of these excessively calcareous clays in poorly drained places. This, the main portion of the Black Prairie, constitutes fully two-thirds of its total area. The cities of Greenville, Terrell, Corsicana and Kaufman are situated near the border of the sandy and black waxy strips. Manor, Clarksville, Cooper, Taylor and Temple are all situated in the main black waxy belt. An outcrop of the "white rock" or chalky country, forming a narrow strip averaging two miles in width, from Red river to the Rio Grande, succeeds on the west the main black waxy Strip. This chalk region is marked by a topography more rounded and deeper incised, but still void of the sharper lines of stratification that characterize the Grand Prairie region. It is usually treeless, but occasionally marked by clumps of hand- some evergreens and oaks. The western edge of this chalky region, as seen at Oak Cliff, near Dallas, at Sherman, Ilillsboro and other places, usually ends in an escarpment over- looking a valley containing the minor Black Prairie and Lower Cross Timber strips. It is upon this chalk that the most prosperous 133 nrSTOR}' OF DALLAS COUNTY. of the interior cities of Texas are located, in- cluding Paris, Sheiiiian, Mi'Kiiiin'v, Dallas, Waxahacliio, Waco, Austin, Now Hrnunfelt* and San Antonio, all of which are dependent upon the aijrienltural products of the adja- cent prairies. West of the "white rock" or chalky divis- ion, and ivenerally at a slightly lower alti- tude, occu[>ying a valley across the State, is a second narrow strip of hlack clayey land of a nature similar to that of the main black waxy area, and likewise accompanied by hog-wal- lows. This is the country east of Denton and Whitesboro, in the Mountain creek district of Dallas county, and along the line of the Mis- souri I'acitic railway from Alvarado to Waco. The Lower Cross Timbers — a narrow belt of forest country eutending from the Red to the Brazos rivers — represent the westernmost strip of the Black I'rairie region, and belong to it geographically, as will presently be shown. Let us now consider the substructure of the Black Prairie region in live divisions, commencing with the lowest, namely, the Upper Arenaceous, or Glauconitic; the main Black Prairie, the surface of the marine clays, called the Ponderosa marls, the white-rock division, which is the outcrop of the Austin- Dallas chalk, aggregating about 600 feet in thickness; the minor Black Prairie, also com- posed of clays like those of the main division, and consequently having a similar topo- graphy; and the Lower Cross Timbers. All the foregoing rock sheets, between which there is no stratigraphic break, represent the sediment deposited in the oceanic waters dur- ing a lung I'ontiniied subsidence, geologically known as the Upper Cretaceous period, for which collectively wo have chosen the name of Black I'rairie series. This Upper Cre- taceous series has five conspicuous strati- graphic and litlu>lofj;ic divisions, which ap- proximately correspond with the topographic divisions of the Black Prarie above men- tioned. 1. TUK I.OWKU OKOSS TIMHKR S.\NI1S. From the Brazos river ni>rthward to Ived river the base of the upper series is composed of a brown, more or less ferruginous, pre- dominantly sandy littoral deposit, resting un- confornnibly upon various horizons of the semi-chalky beds of the Washita division, or top of the Comanche series. These sandy deposits present an intinite variety of condi- tions of cross-bedding, clay intercalations, lignitic patches, and variation in fineness of size and angularity of the uncemented parti- cles, characteristic of typical littoral depos- its, while occasionally there are found fossi- liferous horizons. In the vicininity of Denison these sands are covered by a post-Tertiary sand, which confuses their identity there. The Lower Cross Timber region abounds in rich saudy soils, which support a vigorous timber growth, this structure being especial- ly for deep-rooted plants, and are specially adapted to fruit-growing, as seen near Deni- son and Paris. There is also considerable lignite and iron in the beds of this region. The lignite is frequently discovered and mis- HIBTOBY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 133 taken for Mtuminous coal. It is doubtful whether either exists in sufficietit quantities for commercial use. The Cross Timbers are also in the line of the Central Texas artesian belt, and it is probable that in any portion of its area an artesian well sunk through the rock of the underlying Comanche series would find an abundant flow of water. These sands are also valuable for water-bearing purposes, and the wells along the margin of the minor Black Prairie area are supplied from them. 2. — THE EAGLE FOKD OLAT SHALES. These lie to the eastward and immediately above the Lower Cross Timber pands,and are the foundation of the minor Black Prairie streak. Beneath the scarp of the white rock (Aus- tin-Dallas chalk) at Dallas, and extending westward through the Mountain creek coun- try to the Lower Cross Timbers, can be seen typical localities of this division, the thick- ness of which is estimated at 400 feet. These clays in their medial portion are dark blue and shaly, highly laminated, and occa- sionally accompanied by gigantic nodular septariae, locally called "turtles." The upper- most beds gradually become more calcareous, graduating rather sharply into the chalk. There are also occasional bands of thin, im- pure limestones, which are readily distin- guishable from all other Upper Cretaceous limestone by their firmness and lamination. Fossil remains of marine animals are also found in these clays, including many beauti- fully preserved species, the delicate color and nacre of shells being as fresh as when the an- imals inhabited them. Among these, oys- ters, fish teeth, chambered shells and Inocer- ami are the most abtindant. The chief economic value of the minor Black Prairie will ever be its magnificent black calcareous soil, while some of the chief geological considerations are the ascertain- ment of means to make this soil more easily handled and less tenacious by devising suit- able mixtures, the discovery of road-making material, and the increase of water for do- mestic and agricultural purposes. Owing to its clay foundation the soil now retains for plant use treble the quantity of moisture of Botne of its adjacent sandy districts, but sur- face and flowing water is scarce. Fortunate- ly, however, this district is also within the Central Texas artesian well area, and an abundant supply of water can always be had at a depth of less than 1,500 feet, as has been proved in the course of our investigations. When this fact is fully appreciated the region will be one of the most prosperous in Texas. In the valleys of most of the streams running eastward across the east half of the minor Black Prairie, artesian water can be obtained at from 100 to 300 feet. The source of this water is in the Lower Cross Timber sand. Many of the concretions and calcareous lay- ers are probably suitable for making cement; but tests must be made. The clays may also prove of commercial value. 3. THE WHITE BOOK, OK AU8TIN-DALI.A8 CHALK. Immediately above and to the east of the Eagle Ford clays comes the white rock, or Austin-Dallas chalk, which is the most con- 134 EISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. spiciious representative division of the whole Upper Cretaceous system. This occupies the narrow strip, as noted in the preceding topo- graphic description, marking the western border of the main Black Prairie region, sep- arating it from the minor Black Prairie. The outcrop of this chalk begins in the southwest corner of the State of Arkansas and in the In- dian Territory. It crosses Red river, the exposure continuing westward up to the south side of the valley of that stream to the north of Sherman, from which place it de- flects southward, passing near McKinney, Dallas, Waxahachie, Hillsboro, Waco, Bel- ton, Austin, New Braunfels, San Antonio and SpoiTord Junction, beyond which it bends northward, appearing in the disturbed mountains in the vicinity of El Paso and New Mexico. It is distinguished above all by its peculiar chalky substructure. The words "limestone" and "chalk" are used on these pages as follows: Limestone is employed generically for species of widely different origin and structure, namely, of five kinds: 1. Breccias composed of more or less comminuted and cemented shells of ancient bottoms or shores. 2. Concretions or seg- regations formed by the segregation of lime in clays and sands after original deposition, rare in our rocks. 3. Chalks are composed of amorphous calcium carbonate, usually more or less foraminiferous, void of lam- inations, and of comparative deep-sea origin. These may be hardened by metamorphism into firm limestones. Hence the term "chalky limestones" will imply chalky origin. i. Laminated, impure limestones, occurring as alternating beds in sands and clays, indica- tive of shallower origin then chalk. 5. Met- amorphosed limestones, or any of the above which have undergone induration or second- ary change. All laminated limestones thus far found in the Texas Cretaceous are in the basal beds, and are more or less arenaceous or argillaceous, further proving their origin to have been in shallower water than those in which chalk is laid down. The rock of the Austin- Dallas chalk for- mation is a massive, nearly pure, white chalk, usualy free from grit and easily carved with a pocket-knife. Under the microscope it exhibits a few calcite crystals, particles of amorphous calcite, and innumerable shells of foraminiferae. The air-dried indurated sur- faces are white, but the saturated subterranean mass has a bluish white color. The rock weathers in large conchoidal flakes, with an earthy fracture. In composition it varies from 85 to 94 per cent, of calcium carbonate, the residue consist- ing of magnesia, silica and a small percent- age of ferric oxide. The thickness of this chalk is about 500 feet. So far as observed in Texas it averages the same thickness at Austin, Sherman and Dallas. It is of great uniformity through- out its extent; but there are a few local dif- ferences in hardness, which are sometimes due to surface induration and to igneous ac- tion, having been converted into marble in some places. A great portion of the former extent of this chalk has been destroyed by erosion, and its western border in Central Texas is now HISTORY OF DALLAS GOUl^TT. 133 receding eastward under the influence of ex cessive atraosplieric decomposition and denu- dation. The group may have extended at one time all the way to the liio Grande. This formation abounds in fossils, most of whicli, however, are but poorly preserved easts. The economic advantages of the white rock are various. It affords good locations tor the Ituilding of cities and communities, not only on account of the firm foundation for build- ing and road-beds and good drainage which it always affords, but also on account of its sanitary conditions, produced by the imbib- ing capacity of the chalk. Wlien accurate statistics are kept, it will be proved that dwellers upon the chalky lands have a great hygienic advantnge over those upon sands and clays. The chalks are also water-bearing, and while yielding their moisture slowly they aflbrd an abundance for domestic pur- poses, and play an important part in the transmission of the rainfall to depths from which it can be abstracted, perhaps, in east Texas, by artesian wells. This chalk is also valuable for the manufacture of whiting, rouge, etc. Chalk is most used in England, however, where scientific agriculture has at- tained its highest development for dressing lands. Thousands of tons are used annually on the non-calcareous lands of England, where it is usually applied at the rate of twenty tons per acre, just as it will ultimately be used upon the non-calcareous lands of east Texas as soon as our ai^riculture advances to a statre where its necessity will be appreciated, (ylialk makes a cheap, convenient land dressing for non-chalky lands, performing in a more satisfactory manner the functions of quick-lime in making available other con- stituents of the soil, besides contributing to it minute but valuable proportions of phos- phates, potash and other plant foods. The chalk will also prove of great use in the manufacture of Portland cements. It is the material used in the manufacture of most of the imported cements; and when the peo- ple of this State properly appreciate what an immense industry lies at their doors — a natural Texas monopoly — this region will become a great cement center for the United States. 4. THE EXOOYRA P0NDER08A MAEL8. The name given to these marls is that of a large fossil oyster, which occurs in immense quantities in certain beds. The eastward continuation of the Austin- Dallas chalk is covered by what is the most extensive and valuable, but least appreciated, geological formation in the United States, namely, a remarkable deposit of chalky clays, aggregating some 1,200 feet in thickness, according to reported well-borings and esti- mates of the normal dip In fact these clays are so little known that no popular name has yet been accorded them; and hence they are called after the immense fossil oyster found in them. These clays occupy the whole of the main Black prairie region east of the Austin-Dallas chalk, and form the basis of the rich, black, waxy soil. Notwithstanding their horizontal extent, good outcrops of the unaltered structure 136 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. are seldom seen, owing to their rapid disinte- gration. Usually they are seen onlj' in ravines, creeks or fresh diggings. They are of a line consistency, unconsolidated and apparently unlamiuated until exposed to the weather, when their laminated character is developed. They are light blue before atmospheric ex- posure, but rapidly change into a dull yellow, owing to the oxidation of the pyrites of iron in them. Their chief accessory constituent is lime in a chalky condition, and they are more calcareous at the bottom than at the top. Near the top of these and other exposures tiiere is to be seen a rapid transition into the black, calcareous, clay soil, characteristic of chalk and chalky clays whenever their excess of lime comes in contact with vegetation. They are more calcareous and fossiliferous at their base. The economic value of these chalky clay marls is in the fact that they are the founda- tion and source of the rich soil of the main black, waxy prairie, the largest continuous area of residual agricultural soil in the United States, apparently inexhaustible in fertility; for as the farmer plows deeper and deeper he constantly turns to light the fertile marls which renew the vitality of the surface. These soils can be much improved by further geologic study. 5. THE UPPER ARENACEOUS OE GLAUOONITIC DIVISION. This is the continuation of the Ponderosa marls, exhibiting itself chiefly in northeastern Texas and southwest Arkansas. Dallas county also borders upon the Grand prairie or Fort Worth section, the features of which are reported at length by the State Geologist, so far as studied ; but as it comes outside of our district, we omit it here. INDIANS. The beautiful and fertile section of Texas now comprising the populous and wealthy county of Dallas, was occupied by the In- dians when first approached by the white settlers. While they were not as numerous as in other sections, they were found scat- tered through the timbers, especially on the Trinity river, to such an extent as to cause the earlier settlers much trouble and annoy- ance as well as damage. There have been many conjectures as to the time this race of people had lived here, but whether for a long or short period one fact is said to be very evident, namely, that the Indians were originally the first people that ever trod the soil of Dallas county. There are not here any traces of that mem- orable, conjectured race of people, the mound- builders, as can be seen in other States. If this mysterious and unknown, but evidently intelligent prehistoric race had ever populated this county, or even country, they would have left some of their remarkable impres- sions, — some traces, — yes, some "foot-prints on the sands of time," as they left in other sections of North America. Whence the origin of this peculiar race called the Indian, found here as well as in all new countries of America, is certainly a very natural question to any reader, and more es- HISTORY OF DALLAS C0UTN7. 137 pecially to the investigating and philosophi- cal mind. (Joncerning this question con- jectures after conjectures and theories after theories have been advanced by the most gifted and learned historians; and even some of the most distinguished philologists have endeavored to ascertain, by tracing and analyzing their means of communication to each other, some intelligent origin, but all have left us still in the sea of conjecture. A popular and somewhat common theory accepted by many is that the Indians existed in the " conjectural history of the world." Others have very sanguinely considered them the " lineal descendants of the lost tribes of Israel." Some affirm that tliey have their origin from this, that or the other ancient nation; but whatever theory is right, it is neverthe- less a striking fact worthy of special mention that almost all historians agree that this race must have by some means crossed over from Asia into this country. It is claimed that there was a period in the world's history when America and Asia constituted one and the same great country, and that it was at this remote period of time that the Indian's lot was cast upon this soil. But from what- ever source, country or climate they came from, one fact is apparent and strikingly so, namely, that they all bear similar character- istics, in manner of living, personal appear- ance and means of communication, which is said to lie altogether different from any other race known to have existed. Tiieir lancruacfe has been a stumbling block, so to speak, to the most eminent philologist, as there has never been found any similarity whatever in any of their languages to that of other nations. To show what widely different theories have been assumed and advocated by some of the most eminent scholars of the land concern- ing this peculiar people found here in Dallas county, and as is said to have been found in all newly discovered countries of this contin- ent, the following is given from Bancroft's history: " Tiie American Indians, their origin and consanguinity have from the day of Colum- bus to the present time proved a knotty question. School-men and scientists count their theories by the hundreds, each sustain- ing some pet conjecture with a logical clear- ness equaled only by the facility with which he demolishes all the rest. One proves their origin by holy writ; another by the writings of ancient philosophers; another by the sage sayings of the fathers; one discovers them in Phoenician merchants; another, in the lost tribes of Israel. They are tracked with equal certainty from Scandinavia, from Ireland, from Iceland, from Greenland, across Bering Strait, from Asia across the Northern Paciiic, from the Southern Pacific, from the P0I3'- nesian Islands, from Australia, and even from Africa; venturesome Carthaginians were thrown upon the Eastern shore; Japanese junks on the Western. "The breezes that \^afted hither the Amer- ican primogenitors are still blowing, and the ocean currents by which tliey came cease not yet to flow. The finely spun web of logic by which these fancies arc maintained would 138 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. prove amusincr did not the profound earnest- ness of their respective advocates render them ridiculous. Acosta, who studied tlie subject for nine years in Peru, concludes that Amer- ica was the Ophir of Solomon. Aristotle relates that the Carthaginians in a voyage were carried to an unknown island; wher- upon Florian, Gomora, Oriedo, and others are satisfied the island was Espanola. "' "Who are these that fly as a cloud?' ex- claims Esaias, or 'as the doves to their win- dows?' Scholastic sages answer, 'Columbus is the Columha, or dove, here prophesied.' "Alexo Vanegas shows that America was peopled by Carthiginiaiis: Anahuac is but another name for Anak. Besides, both nations practiced picture-writing, both ven- erated fire and water, wore skins of animals, pierced the ears, ate dogs, drank to excess, telegraphed by means of tires on hills, wore all their finery on going to war, poisoned their arrows, beat drums and shouted in battle. Garcia found a man in Peru who had seen a rock with something very like Greek char- acters engraved upon it. Six hundred years after the apotheosis of Hercules, Coleo made a long voyage; Homer knew of the ocean; the Athenians made war with the inhabitants of Atlantis; hence the Americans were Greeks! Lord Kingsborough proves conclusively that these same American Indians were Jews, be- cause their symbol of innocence was, in the one case, a fawn and in the other a lamb; be- cause of the law of Moses, considered in reference to the custom of sacrificing children, which existed in Mexico and Peru; because the fear of tumults of the people, famine, pes- tilence and warlike invasions were exactly the same as those entertained by the Jews, if they failed in the performance of any of their ritual observances; because the education of children commenced amongst the Mexicans; as with the Jews, at an exceedingly early age; because beating with a stick was a very common punishment among the Jews as well as among the Mexicans; because the priest- hood of both nations was hereditary in a cer- tain family; because both were inclined to pay great respect to unlucky omens, such as the screeching of the owl, the sneezincr of a person in company, and so forth; and because of a hundred other equally sound and rele- vant auguments. * * * "There are many advocates for an Asiatic origin, both among ancient and modern specu- lators. Favorable winds and currents, the short distance between islands, traditions both Chinese and Indian, refer the peopling of America to that quarter. Similarity in color, features, religion, reckoning of time, absence of a heavy beard, and innumerable other comparisons are drawn on by enthusias- tic advocates to support a Mongolian origin. Tlie same arguments, in whole or in part, are used to prove that America was peopled by Ethiopians, by French, English, Trojans, Frisians, Scythians; and also that different parts were settled by different peoples. The test of language has been applied with equal weight and facility and enthusiasm to Egyp- tian, Jew, Phcenician, Carthaginian, Spaniard, Chinese, Japanese, and, in fact to nearly all the nations of the earth." HISTORY OF DALLAS OOUNTT. 139 MOUND-BUILDEES. It wa8 once almost the general belief among all writers that a race called " Mound-build- ers" originally populated this country; that they preceded the red men in ripjht of posses- sion ; but of late it is being conceded tliat the Indian, the creature such as was found here in Dallas county by the original settlers, was "one of the Almighty's earliest pieces of handiwork." THE INDIAN CHARACTER. The Indian originally was utterly ignorant of the arts and stratagem of warfare, and even until this day and time they are less learned and skilled in the art of military tactics or modern warfare. When he first entered into battle with the white man fortifications of any kind were unknown to him. Rocks, trees, bluffs or anything by chance he might come across to ward off danger, was sought out by him in time of battle. It is supposed that when he came in battle with the "Mound-builders" his only weapon was a club; but suffice it to say that he soon, by that keen perception characteristic of his race, learned from his more intelligent adver- sary how to make and use the bow and arrow. Some writers have contended that the In- dian by nature is not disposed to be warlike and cruel; that he originally lived in absolute peace with all about him; that he occupied himself chiefly in hunting wild game, roam- ing over mountains and hills, through the valley and the forests, or seated by the fire in winter or lying beneath the shades of some lovely bowers clustering on the banks of some silvery stream. Whether this theory be true or not, it has been found that the Indian is by nature more kind and sympathetic than has ever been attributed to him. The writer has ever had a feeling of sym- pathy for the red man, and in many respects the characteristics of this people are to be admired. In delineating the character of the Indian in a general manner, and as if he now populated this country, the eminent and most eloquent writer, Washington Irving, wrote the following, which we give that the reader may Ijetter appreciate the red man as he was originally, — yes, as he was by nature and before he was driven hither and thither and forced to fight for his life and possession: "There is a peculiarity in the character and habits of the Indian, taken in connection with the scenery over which he is accustomed to range, — -its vast lakes, boundless forests, majestic rivers and trackless plains, — that is to my mind wonderfully striking and sublime. He is formed for the wilderness as the Arab is for the desert. His nature is stern, simple and endearing; fitted to grapple with difii- culties and to support privations. There seems but little soil in his heart for the growth of the kindly virtues; and yet if we would but take trouble to penetrate through that proud stoicism and habitual taciturnity that look upon his character from casual observation, we should find him linked to his fellow man of civilized life by more of those sympathies and affections than are usu- ally ascribed to him." 140 HI8T0RT OF DALLAS COUNTY. " In discussing the character of the In- dian, writers have been too prone to in- indulge in vulgar prejudice and passionate exaggeration, instead of the candid temper of true philosophy. They have not sufficiently considered the peculiar circumstances in which the Indians have been placed, and the peculiar principles under which they have been educated. " In general, no being acts more rigidly from rule than the Indian. His whole con- duct is regulated according to some general maxims early implanted in his mind. The moral laws that govern him are, to be sure, but few; but then he conforms to them all. The white man abounds in laws of religion, morals and manners, but how many does he violate." " It is claimed by many that the Indian had no civil rights here in this country; that he must be treated as a brute; that such is his nature that he could not be treated otherwise; that with all the kind treatment given him the more traitorous and ungrateful he would become. Just such ideas were also enter- tained by some historians concerning the Mexicans; but the writer is glad to state, at a time when but little was known of the bet- ter class of the population of our noble sister country, that a kinder and a more affectionate heart could not be found than that possessed by some of the crude, rough Indians, — yes, such as were found in this section, now Dal- las county. When he would find you his friend his devotion was remarkable. The following touching words, once spoken by an Indian chief, strikingly exhibit this remai-k- able trait of character, found in the heart of almost all these Indians. " I appeal to any white man if ever lie en- tered Logan's cabin hungry and he gave him not to eat; if ever he came cold and naked and he clothed him not." Of course the wild, savage Indians were exceptions. Still the Indian race is like the colored race: the characteristics possessed by one tribe or class is possessed by all. Education ameliorates and civilizes to a certain extent, but does not change the characteristics peculiarly im- planted in them by Divinity. TREATMENT OF THE INDIAN. The rights of the Indian have been very little regarded and properly esteemed or ap- preciated by the white man in any section or country. He has been taken advantage of in peace, and by stratagem has been the '• dupe of artful traffic," and his life or death has been regarded as that of a brute, of minor importance. The prejudice which existed in thf primeval days among the pioneers exist to a certain extent at the present time; but, much to the credit of certain philanthrophic societies throughout the country at present, they have endeavored to ascertain the true characteristics and inward life of the differ- ent Indian tribes. Well has it been said and much to the honor not only of our county and State governments, but also of our na- tional government, that the American govern- ment has been indefatigable in its exertions to meliorate the situation of the Indians, and to introduce among them the art of civiliza- tion and civic and religious knowledge. HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 141 Even among the savaojes tliere are some who are approachable, and can be influenced to humble subjection if properly managed. When disputed lords of the land, to go where they pleased, and do and act as they desire, unmolested, it was perfectly natural for them to fight against any intrusions; but on mak- ing known to them by kind and humane treatment, that the whites mainly did not desire to rob them, they have been known to exhibit a reasonable degree of reconciliation, and after they have become somewhat civil- ized have forcibly shown a spirit of kind- liness and affection. But it is alleged that they are treacherous and unreliable as to any agreements they as a nation or a class of people might make. Concerning these characteristics, the much admired historian above quoted, says further: " A frequent ground of accusation against the Indians is their disregard to treaties, and tlie treachery and wantonness with which, in times of apparent peace, they will suddenly fly to hostilities. The intercourse of the white men with the Indians, however, is too apt to be cold, distrustful, oppressive and insulting; they seldom treat them with that confidence and frankness which is indispens- able to real friendship; nor is a suflicient caution observed not to offend against those feelings of pride or superstition, which often prompt the Indian's hostility quicker than mere consideration of interest. The solitary savage feels silently, but acutely. His sensi- bilities are not diffused over so wide a surface as those of the white man; but they run in steadier and deeper channels. His pride, liis 11 affections, his superstitions are all directed toward fewer objects; but the wounds inflicted on them are proportionably severe, and furnish motives of hostility which we cannot sufliciently appreciate. Where a community is also limited in number, and forms one great patriarchal family, as in an Indian tribe, the injury of an individual is the injury of the whole; and the sentiment of vengeance is almost instantaneously diffused. One council-tire is sufficient for the discussion and arrangement of a plan of hostilities. Here all the fighting men and sages assemble. Elo- quence and superstition combine to inflame the minds of the warriors. The orator awakens tiieir martial ardor, and they are wrought up to a kind of religions despera- tion by the visions of the prophet and the dreamer. The story where some planters had plundered the grave of the sachem's mother of some skins, with which it had been decorated, is an instance of one of those sudden exasperations, arising from a motive peculiar to the Indian character, as exhibited in the primeval days. "The Indians were remarkable for the revr erence which they entertained for the sepul- chres of their kind. * * * Influenced by this sul)lime and holy feeling, the sachem whose mother's tomb had been violated gathered his men together and addressed them in the following beautifully simple and pa- thetic harangue, a curious specimen of Indian eloquence and an affecting instance of filial piety irj the savage: " 'When last the glorious light of all the sky was underneath this globe, the birds grew 143 HISTOJtr OF DALLAS COUNTY. silent and I began to settle down, as my cus- tom is, to take repose. Before mine eyes were fast closed methouglit I saw a vision at which my spirit was much troubled, and trembling at the sight a spirit cried aloud: 'Behold, my son, whom I have cherished. See the breast that gave thee suck, the hands that lapped thee warm and fed thee oft. Canst thou forget to take revenge upon those wild people who have defaced my monument in a despiteful manner, disdaining our an- tiquities and honorable customs? See, now, the sachem's grave lies like the common peo- ple, defaced by an ignoble race. Thy mother doth complain and implores thy aid against this thievish people who have newly intruded on our land: If this be suffered I shall not rest quiet in my everlasting habitation.' " 'This said, the spirit vanished, and I, all in a sweat, not able scarce to speak, began to get some strength, and recollected my spirits that were fled, and determined to demand your counsel and assistance.' "This anecdote represents how acts of hos- tility suddenly kindled in the breasts of these people, which have been attributed to caprice or perfidy, did often arise from deep and gen- erous motives, which inattention to Indian character and customs prevent our properly appreciating." COWARDICE AND TREACHERY. There is another condemnable character- istic in the nature of the Indian, in the eyes of a great many, and that is a cowardliness, siieh as lead him to slip around and stab in the back. Of this element in his nature the beautiful writer from whom we quoted above says: "We have stigmatized the Indians also as cowardly and treacherous because they use stratagem in warfare in preference to open force; but in this they are fully justified by their rude code of honor. They were early taught that stratagem is praiseworthy; the bravest warrior thinks it was no disgrace to lurk in silence and take every advantage of his foe; he triumphed in the superior craft and sagacity by which he had been enabled to surprise and destroy an enemy. Indeed, man is naturally more prone to subtlety than open valor, owing to his physical weakness in comparison with other animals, which are endowed with natural weapons of defense, — with horns, with tusks, with hoofs and talous; but man has to depend on his superior sagacity. In all his encounters with these, his proper enemies, he resorts to stratagem; and when he perversely turns his hostility against his fellow-man he at first continues the same subtle mode of warfare. "The natural principle of war is to do the most harm to our enemy with the least harm to ourselves, and this of course is to be effected by stratagem. The chivalrous cour- age which induces us to despise the sugges- tions of prudence, and to rush in the face of certain danger, is the offspring of society and produced by education. It is honorable be- cause it is in fact the triumph of lofty senti- ment over an instinctive repugnance to pain, and over those yearnings after personal ease and security which society has condemned as ignoble. It is kept alive by pride and the HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 143 fear of shame; and thue the dread of real evil is overcome by the superior dread of an evil which exists but in the imagination. It has been cherished and stiiiiulated also bj various means. It has been the theme of spirit-stirring song and chivalrous story. The poet and minstrel have delighted to shed round it the splendors of fiction; and even tiie historian has forgotten the sober gravity of narration, and broken forth into enthusi- asm and rhapsody in its praise. Triumph and gorgeous pageants have been its reward; monuments, on which art has e.xhausted its skill, opulence and treasures, have been erected to perpetuate a nation's gratitude and admiration. Thus artificially excited, courage has risen to an extraordinary and factitious degree of heroism, and arrayed in all the glorious 'pomp and circumstance of war.' This turbulent quality has even been able to eclipse many of those quiet but in- valuable virtues which silently ennoble the human and swell the tide of human happir ness. "But if courage intrinsically consisted in defiance of danger and pain, the life of the Indian is a continual exhibition of it. He lives in a state of perpetual hostility and risk. Peril and adventure are congenial to his nature, or rather seem necessary to arouse his faculties and to give an interest to his ex- istence. Surrounded by hostile tribes, whose mode of warfare is by ambush and surprisal, he was always prepareil for fight and lived with his weapons in his hands. As the ship careens in fearful sincjleness through the «ol- Jtudes of ocean, as the bird mingles among clouds and storms, and wings its way a mere speck across the pathless fields of air, so the Indian held his course, silent, solitary, but undaunted throucfh the boundless bosom of the wilderness. His expeditions might have vied in distance and danger with the pilgrim- age of the devotee, or the crusade of the knight errant. He travei-sed vast forests and plains, exposed to hazards of lonely sickness, of lurking enemies, and pining famine.* * * His verysubsistence is snatched frjm the midst of toil and peril. He gained his food by the hardships and dangers of the chase; he wrap- ped himself in the spoils of tiie bear, the panther and the buffalo, and sleeps among the thunders of the cataract. "No hero of ancient or modern days could surpass the Indian in his lofty contempt of death, and the fortitude with which he sus- tained its crudest affliction. Indeed, we here behold him rising superior to the white man in consequence of his peculiar education. The latter rushes to glorious deatii at the cannon's mouth, the former calmly contem- plating its approach and triumphantly en- dures it, amidst the varied torments of sur- rounding foes and the protracted agonies of tire. He even takes a pride in taunting his persecutors, and provoking their ingenuity of torture; and as the devouring flames prey on his very vitals, and the flesh shrinks from the sinews, he raises his last song of triumph, breathing the defiance of an unconquored heart, and invoking the spirits of his fathers to witness that he dies without a groan. ''Notwithstanding the obloquy with which 144 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. the early historians have overshadowed the charters of the unfortunate Indians, some bright gleams occasionally break through which throw a degree of melancholy on their memories." THB INDIANS OF NORTHERN TEXAS. It is said that two classes of Indians prin- cipally occupied, roamed and hunted through this section of country now known as Dallas county, — the Tonkawas and the nomadic tribes. The Tonkawa is said to have been much more mild-mannered and civilized than the nomadic. So considerate was Placidio, chief of the Tonkawas, that it is said he re- fuse to join the side of the Union army dur- ing the civil war of the United States, as he said he "could not fight against Texas, where he and his tribe had always lived." The nomadic tribes were inclined to be more treacherous and warlike. Any one who seemed to intrude upon their hunting ground for buffalo, which was their game here when the white settlers first entered this section, now Dallas county, was always most ferocious- ly attacked. As stated, the general character of all tribes of Indians is the same. Some are more civilized than others, and of course there is a difference in their mode and manner of living. In regard to their personal appearance, habits, employments, dress, food, manners, customs and so forth, we give the following compilation made by one of our historians. Their persons were generally tall, straight and well proportioned, their skins of the well known and peculiar tint. In constitution they were firm and vigorous. and capable of sustaining great fatigue and hardship. As to their general character they were quick of apprehension and not wanting in genius, at times being friendly and even courteous. In council they were distin- guished for gravity and a certain eloquence; in war for bravery and stratagem. When provoked to anger they were sullen and re- tired, and when determined upon revenge no danger would deter them; neither absence nor time could cool them. If captured by an enemy they would never ask quarter, nor would they betray emotions of fear even in view of the tomahawk or of the kindling fag- got. Education amongst these rude savages of course had no place, and their only evidence of a knowledge of letters was in a few hieroglyphics. The arts they taught their young were war, hunting, fishing and the makinpf of a few articles, most of which, how- ever, being made by the females. Their language was rude but sonorous, metaphorical and energetic, being well suited to public speaking, and when accompanied by the impassioned gestures and attended with tlie deep guttural tones of the savage, it is said to have had a singularly wild and impres- sive effect. They had some few war songs, which were little more than unmeaning choruses, but it is believed they never had any other compositions which could be called such or were worthy of preservation. Their manufactures were confined to the construction of wigwams, bows, arrows, wam- pum, ornaments, stone hatchets, mortars for HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 145 pounding corn, the dressing of skins, weav- ing of coarse mats from bark of trees or a wild hemp, and of making ornamental toys with beads. The articles they cultivated were few in number, — corn, beans, peas, potatoes, melons, and a few other products. Tiieir skill in medicine was confined to a few simple preparations and operations. Cold and warm baths are said to have been em- ployed, and a considerable number of plants were used. For diseases they knew but little remedy, having recourse to their medicine men, who treated their patients by means of sorcery. They had few diseases, however, in comparison with those prevailing among civilized peoples. The women ])repared the food, took charge of the domestic concerns, tilled the scanty fields, and performed all the drudgery con- nected with the camp. Amusements prevailed to some extent, and consisted principally of leaping, running, shooting at targets, dancing and gaming. Their dances were usually performed around a large tire, and in those in lienor of war they sang or recited the feats which they or their ancestors had achieved, represented the manner in which they were performed, and wrought themselves up to a wild degree of enthusiasm. The females occasionally joined in some of the sports, but had none peculiar to themselves. Their dress was various. In summer they wore little besides a covering about the waist, but in winter they clothed themselves in the skins of wild beasts. Being exceedingly fond of ornaments, on days of festivities, the sachems wore mantles of deer skins, em- broidered with shells or the claws of birds, and were painted with various devices. Hid- eous was the object aimed at in painting themselves, which was intended to strike terror into the hearts of their enemies. In the construction of their habitations the Indians exercised but little judgment, their huts or wigwams consisting of a strong pole erect^jd in the center, around which other poles were driven obliquely in the ground and fas- tened against the center pole at the top. These were covered with bark of trees, and were but poor shelters when considering the amount of material to be obtained in primi- tive forests. The domestic utensils did not extend beyond a hatchet of stone, a few shells and sharp stones which tliey used as knives; stone mortars for preparing their corn, and mats and skins to sleep on. They sat, ate and lodged upon the ground, and their food was of the simplest and coarsest kind, con- sisting of the flesh and even the entrails of birds and beasts, in addition to the few garden products they raised. Their money, called wampum, consisted of small particles of shells, strung on bells and in chains. They rated the value of wam- pum by its color: black, blue, white, purple. Except when roused by some strong ex- citement, the men were indolent, taciturn and unsocial; the women too degraded to think of little else than toil. Their language, though energetic, was barren of words, and 146 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. in order to be understood and felt it required the aid of strong and animated gestures. GOVEKNMENT. The savawe Indians have no definite form of government. What government is esta- blished by those less savage is an absolute monarchy: the will and command of the sachem is their law. While his decisions are absolute and final he sometimes honors the older numbers of his tribe by calling upon them for advice and counsel. This is said to be very seldom, however. One praiseworthy characteristic of the more civilized and some- times of the savage, is that, when one of their niimber undertakes to address an assem- blage among themselves, the utmost defer- ence is paid to the speaker and profound silence reigns supreme. This characteristic was so striking to one of the early writers that he says of them : " When propositions for war or peace were made or treaties proposed to them by the colonial governors, they met the embassadors in council, and at the end of each paragraph or proposition the principal sachem delivered a short stick to one of his council, intimating that it was his peculiar duty to remember the paragraph. After their deliberations were ended, the sachem or some counselors to whom he had delegated the office, replied to every paragraph in its turn, with an exactness scarcely exceeded in written correspondence of civilized power, each man remembering exactly what was committed to him, and he imparting it to the one entrusted in reply to the propositions or other matters of debate." RELIGION. The ideas of religion entertained by the tribes of Indians that circulated through Dallas county were evidently similar to those entertained by all the other Indian tribes. They were said to believe in two Great Spirits, — a Good Spirit and an Evil Spirit. They paid homage to both, and like all others of their kind constructed images after their conception of their deities. They also were found to possess a remarkable reverence for all the great elements of nature, and imagined, as in the days of mythology, that these forces possessed intelligence and some great power; as to the sun, lightning, thunder, — whatever was mysterious to them, — they with awe bowed their knee in reverence. These Indians, the Tonkawas and nomadic tribes, were very harassing to the earlier settlers of Dallas county. After they had been driven from the county they would often slip in among the settlers and steal their horses and pilfer and destroy their property, and when an opportunity presented itself would murder the citizens. An instance of their murderous deeds is recorded as late as 1841. During the fall of 1841, these early settlers had sent a man with a wagon to a place on Red river, then the most accessible point to secure what pro- vision was wanted. This party was delayed longer than was expected, and three of the citizens, namely, Solomon Silkwood, Hamp Rattan and Alex- ander W. Webb (now living at Mesquite, in Dallas county), leaving their crude homes, HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. U7 went out to hunt for the wagon. They had gone only a short distance, only to the east side of Elm Fork, — near which point the little town of CarroUton in Dallas county is now situated, — when they undertook to fell a tree which was believed to contain honey, and while engaged in doing so Rattan was killed by a squadron of Indians concealed in the brush. One or two of the Indians were killed by Webl)and Silkwood, then they escaped to reach their homes in safety and convey the sad news of the murder of their companion. From the exposure endured on this trip, as it was exceedingly cold, the snow being at least six or eight inches deep, Silk- wood was stricken down with sickness and died after lingering only a short time. After this one of these brave pioneers entered the hunt alone for this relief wagon, and on pass- ing by this place, made sad by the killing of their esteemed citizen. Rattan's faithful dog was found guarding the dead body of his kind master I THE EARLIER SETTLERS. INDUCEMENTS OFFERED BY ACT OF LEGISLA- TURE — CONTRACTS FOR I'ETEKS' COLONY. On the 4th day of February, 1841, the Texan Congress passed an act to attract at- tention, and be an inducement to emigrants to come and populate this then uncivilized country. We give the act in full to show the eager- ness and liberality shown to get the interest of emigrants: AM ACT OBANTINO LAND TO lUMIOBANTS, PASSED 1841. " Be it enacted, etc., Tiiat every head of a family who has emigrated to this republic since the first of January, one thousand eight hundred and forty, or who may emigrate be- fore the first of January, one thousand eight hundred and forty-two, with his family, and who is a free white person, shall be entitled to six hundred and forty acres of land; pro- vided, he settle and actually reside on the same for the term of three years, and culti- vate an amount of the same not less than ten acres; and further, provided, lie shall have his land surveyed and plainly marked, so as to include his improvements. Sk:c. 2. — That each single man over the age of seventeen, who has or may emigrate as provided in the first section of this act, shall be entitled to three hundred and twenty acres of laud, upon the same conditions and restrictions as the heads of families. Seo. 3. — Tliat in no instance shall a patent be issued under the provisions of this act unless the party produce the official certificate of the chief justice of the county where he may reside, that he, the said applicant, has proven by two respectable and creditable wit- nesses, that he has resided on the land for which he wishes to receive a patent, and that he has cultivated the quantum of land re- quired by this act for the term of three years, and that he has done and performed all the duties required of other citizens; and that he has taken the oath of allegiance to this republic, provided always, the applicant 148 EiaTORT OP DALLAS OOUNTY. shall be required to make oath or affirmatiou that he has complied with tlie requisitions of this act; which oath or affirmation shall be properly authenticated. Sec. 4. — That the president of the repub- lic be and he is hereby authorized to make a contract with W. S. Peters, Daniel S. Carroll, Alexander McRed, Rowland Gibson, Robert Espie, William H. Oldmixon, Daniel Spill- man, Robert Hume, John Salmon, W. C. Bansanien, John Peters, William Scott, Phin- eas J. Johnson, H. S. Peters, Timothy Cray, and Samuel Browning collectively, for the purpose of colonizing and settling a portion of the vacant and unappropriated lands of the republic, on the following conditions, to-wit: The said contractors, on their part, agree to introduce a number of families to be speci- fied in the contract, within three years from the date of the contract, provided, however, they shall commence the settlement within one year from the date of said contract. Sko. 5. — That the said contract shall be drawn up by the Secretary of State, setting forth such regulations and stipulations as shall not be contrary to the general principles of this law and the constitution, which con- tract shall be signed by the President and the party or parties, and attested by the Secretary of State, who will also preserve a copy in his department. Sec. 6. — That the President shall designate certain boundaries to be above the limits of the present settlements, within which the emigrants under the said contract must re- side; provided, however, that all legal grants and surveys that may have been located within the boundaries so designated pre- viously to the date of said contract shall be respected ; and any locations or surveys made by the contractors or their emigrants on such grants and surveys, shall be null and void. Sec. 7. — That not more than one section of six hundred and forty acres of land, co be located in a square, shall be given to any family comprehended in said contract nor more than three hundred and twenty acres to a single man over the age of seventeen years. Sec. 8. — That no individual contract made between any contractor and the families or single persons which he may introduce, for a portion of the land to which respectively they may be entitled by way of recompense for passage, expense of transportation, removal or otherwise, shall be binding if such contract embrace more than one-half of the land, which he, she or they, may be entitled to under this law; nor shall any contract act as a lieu on any larger portion of such land; nor shall any emigrant be entitled to any land, or re- ceive a title for such land until such person or persons shall have built a good and com- fortable cabin upon it, and shall keep in cul- tivation and under good fence at least fifteen acres on the tract which he may have received. Sec 9. — That all the expenses attending the selection of the land, surveying title and other fees, shall be paid by the contractor to the persons respectively authorized to receive them; provided, however, that this provision shall not release the colonist from the obli- gation of remunerating the contractor in the amount of all such fees, so soon as it can be HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. 140 done without a sale of their land; and further, the President may donate to every settlement of one hundred families made under the pro- visions of this act one section of six hundred and forty acres of land to aid and assist the settlement in the erection of a huilding for religious public worship. Sec. 10. — That the president may allow the contractors a compensation for their ser- vices, and in recompense of their labor and expense attendant on the introduction and settlement of the families introduced by him, ten sections for every hundred families, and in the same ratio of half sections for every hundred single men introduced and settled; it being understood that no fractional number less than one hundred will be allowtd any premium. Sec. 11. — That the premium lands must be selected from the vacant lands within the territorial limits defined in the contract; and further, all fees incidental to the issue of patents for lands acquired under the pro- visions of this law shall be paid to the com- missioner of the general land office, for the use and benefit of the public treasury. Sec. 12. — That a failure on the part of the contractors and a forfeiture of their contract, shall not be prejudicial to the rights of such families iind single persons as they may in- troduce, who shall be entitled to their re- spective quotas of land agreeable to the pro- vision of this law. Sec. 13. — That the contractors shall be required to have one-third of the whole number of the families and single persons for which they contract, within the limits of the Republic before the expiration of one year from the date of the contract, under the penalty of a forfeiture of the saine; and it shall be the duty of the Secretary of State, forthwitii, after the expiration of such term and failure on the part of tlie contractors to comply with tbe provision, to publish and declare said forfeiture, unless the President, for good, sufficient reasons, shall extend the term six months, which he can do; and all sul)stitution3 of families livinj; within the limits of the Republic by the contractors shall not entitle them to any premiums for such families, nor shall it operate in favor of them for the number of families which they are bound to introduce; and this act shall take effect from and after its passage." Advertisement of this act was extensively made in all the other States, and thereby much attention was attracted to Texas. But few, however, had the courage to come and remain as settlers. Under this act a contract was made between Sam Houston, then President of Texas, and Samuel Browning, attorney for a company composed of Joseph Carroll, Henry Peters, et al , on the 30th day of August, 18.41, in which it was agreed that a colony, to be called Peters' Colony, should locate in the northern portion of the State. It covered a large sec- tion of territory, reaching from the southern border of the Red river to a line so far south as to include a large portion of what is now Ellis county. The east border of this colony survey took its beginning at the mouth of 150 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. Big Mineral creek on Red river, and coming south it cut mto the territory now occupied by Dallas county, about ten miles east of the city of Dallas. Accordingly the section of territory now known as Dallas county was included entirely in this colony, with the exception of a small strip on the east about three miles in width. There were many disputes, resulting almost in serious difficulties, between some of the the settlers and the colonists as to the rights of the settlers in this colony, and especially the amount of land each family should have allotted to it; also the amount each single man should be allowed. Finally, the laws of the State stepped in and put a quietus to this wrangle by setting aside for each family what was then and is now called a section, compris- ing 640 acres, and to a single man a half sec- tion, being of course 320 acres. The headquarters of the originators of this colony were located at Louisville, Kentucky, and the advertisement of the many advan- tages of this colony in the way of rich lands, delightful climate, etc., caught the attention of many, especially in Kentucky; and that brave, noble and true-hearted Kentiickian, John Neely Bryan, made up his mind to brave the dangers and endure the hardships of this wild country. So he came and located near Dallas, in 1841, and is known as the first settler of Dallas county. Others came from his State and from Illinois, Missouri and Tennessee, and most of them settled in this section, comprising Dallas county, — at least it received a liberal proportion of the immigrants. Up to 1846, all of Dallas county east of the Trinity river, belonged to Nacogdoches county, and all of Dallas west of the Trinity river belonged to what was then known as Robertson county. So for four years these earlier settlers were com- pelled in attending their courts to go the distance of about two hundred miles to Na- cogdoches, then the county seat, and the set- tlers across the Trinity, almost in halloing distance, yet the citizens residing in that sec- tion of country now occupied by the beautiful suburban little city. Oak Cliff, had then to go to the rather important and proud village of the frontier, old Franklin, about one hundred and fifty miles from Houston. Frequently these pioneers had to go to their courts to serve as jurors by processes of court or to transact legal business. What more striking example of fortitude, sacrifice and devotion could be found showing a determination to build up and acquire homes for themselves than was exhibited by these faithful and patient pioneers! Thus the real settlement of Dallas county began with these pioneers about 1842. ITEMS FROM J. W. BROWN's HISTORY. The following is taken from John Henry Brown's history of Dallas county, with the venerable old gentleman's consent. As he is one of the very few pioneers still living who knew Dallas county when but a wilderness, and has seen her growth to her present won- derful status, and remembers the names of all the earlier settlers, whence they were and HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 101 80 forth, we give the following from his his- tory: " The actual eettleineiit of Dallas county began in the spring of 1842, when the first cabin was erected and the families of John Beeman and Captain Gilbert were the first to arrive (Mrs. Martha Gilbert being the first American lady) and relieve the loneliness of the adventurous and true-liearted avant coureur, John Neely Eoyan, who had for five or six months been ' monarch of all he sur- veyed,' provided, he neither surveyed red men of the forest nor the raging Trinity on cue of its periodic ' spreads.' He entertained tliem with the best he had — chiefly bear meat and honey — perhaps without recalling the adage about ' entertaining angels una- wares,' yet, it was verified in this case, for, ere a great while, the lonely son of Tennessee gave his heart and hand to a comely and pure-hearted daughter of Illinois, in the person of Margaret, a daughter of Mr. John Beeman. In 1842, besides James J. Beeman and family, the families of Thomas Kecnan, Preston Witt, Alexander W. Webb, John H. Cox, Perry Overton and others, arrived. The family of William M. Cochran came in March, 1843. In May came the family of Dr. John Cole, with his grown sons, Calvin G., John H. and James M., and other children ; and in December, George W. Glover and family, Elder Amon McCommas and grown sons, John, Elisha, Stephen B., and his brothers Stephen B. and John C, George L. Leonard and family and others. In 1844 other members of the Cox family, the Cameron family, Isaac B. Webb and family, the Jenkins family, the Harwood family, the Rawlins family and many others came. In 1845 came William H. Ilord and faiuily, William B. Elam and family, W. Hamp Witt and family, Thomas M. Ellis and family, John H. Daniel, D. W. Reedy, the Hanght brothers, Adam C, Peter and Samuel A., with their families, John W. Smith and James M. Patterson (afterward the well- known first merchants of Dallas) both from Green county, Kentucky; John Thomas, wife, grown sons and daughters, from Missouri; James A. Coats, Marion A., and Tliomas D. Coats, John C. McCoy, and others. Among those arriving in 1846, were the families of Samuel Beeman, Mrs. Mary Ann Freeman, Obadiah W. Knight, William Traughber, I. N. Webb, John R. Fondren, Thomas Collins, James Collins (brothers), Albert G. Collins, Rev. James A. Smith, R. E. Rawlins and other members of the Raw- lins family, Wormley Carter, Asher W. Carter, John Anderson, Marquis de Lafay- ette Gracy (single) and many others. From the history of this venerable his- torian, also, we take by permission the fol- lowing list of names of all the settlers of Dallas county, reaching from the earliest settlement in 1841 to 1850, arranged alpha- betically: SETTLKRS OF DALLAS COUNTY 1841-'50. Allen, Simon Bolivar, merchant, in 1848, lives in Bonham. Atterberry, James and family. Atterberry, Stephen C. and family. 153 HI STORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. Atterberry, Jesse and family. Atterberry, Nathan (soldier in Mexico), and Churchill came single. Anderson, John L. and family, came from Kentucky, 1846. Anderson, James and family, 1846. Anderson, Thomas R. and James W., both single. Armstrong, James and family, came in 1846; his daughter, Frances E., came, the wife of John Bursey, and is now a widow; Martha married Robert Cook, and is a widow; Nancy J. married lirst William A. Knight, second W. Marion Moon; Mary J. married Alexander A. Thomas; Anderson, the only son, died in 1848. Aytes, John and family, before 1849. Archer, Thomas M., and family, 1846. Ashlopk, Josiah, and family. Andrews, Ben F. and Samuel, came single. Alexander, J. J., came single. Bursey, John, and wife, ?iee Frances E. Arm- strong, came in 1846. Badgeley, Daniel A. and family; Job married Lydia Marks. Balshmire, Henry, married Eliza Goodwin. Bryan, James B. (brother of John N)., came in 1846; married (second wife) Mrs. Elizabeth Harter, nee Beeman; children, William, James and Lenore. Baird, George W., 1849, married Mary E. Thraughber. Bethurnm, Robert P., married Electa A. Hawpe. Bethurum, Ben F., tnarried Nancy P. Elam . Bast, Abraham, 1848, married — Myers; chil- dren, Morgan, Jack, David, Abraham, Julia, Lucinda and Eliza. Bledsoe, " A" and family, from Missouri, 1846; children, Willis A., married Jane Boyle; Moses O. to Sadie George; Isaac C, to Miss Steele; Virginia, to Captain R. A. Rawlins; Bettie, to Thomas Spru- ance; Fleming G., to Juliet Samuels. Bledsoe, Anthony, married Martha Huitt. Bledsoe, Dr. Samuel T. and family, 1845. Bernard, Charles H., came from Illinois in 1847. Brown, Young E., and family, 1844. Brown, Crawford, and family, 1844. Brandenburg, A., and family; Samuel came single. Beard, Allen, and i'amily. Beverly, William, 1846, married Rebecca Conover; died in Collin county, in 1887. Bennett, Hiram, came in 1845; children, Madison, Hardy and C. L. Bennett, William H., and family, 1845. Bennett, William, and family, 1845. Bennett, James M., and family, 1845. Bennett, Elisha and Elijah D, came single. Burris, Thomas and family. Browder, Mrs. Lucy, came in 1845. Browder, Isham, son of Lucy and family, 1845. Browder, Edward C, son of Lucy, 1845, married Elizabeth Coats; his children, Pleasant S.; Annie B. married Edward Prickett; Emma married Dr. J. H. McCorkle; Fanny married G. M. Over- leese. Bird, James, and family, from Missouri, 1844. Bird, Samuel P., came single. Bruton, William, patriarch, from Illinois, 1845; children, Richard married Eliza- beth Cox; James R. married Nancy Edwards. Britton, Joseph and family, 1848. Baker, James M., married Ruth Forester. Baker, Artemas, came single. Barker, Joshua, married Sarah Hart. Bandy, Richard T., married Aurelia A. Raw- lins. Boyd, William J., married Milburn Bernetta Baggett. HISTORY OF DALLAS OOUNTT. 168 Billingsley, Williatn, married Arena Kirk- land. Barnes, William D., married Tabitha C. Smith. Barnes, William, came in 1845, in Grand Prairie liffht. Burnham, Horace, married Matilda Cole. Burnett, William D., came single. Brotherton, Robert K., came single. Brotherton, H. K. Bowles, Rev. William, a Baptist preacher, who had married Mrs. Rebecca Self, came in 1844. Of the Self children, there were Ann, who married Robert Walker; Sarah E., who married Judge James M. Patterson; Harvin H. and Chonac Self. The children of Mr. Bowles, by this marriage, are Harrison U., living in Kaufman, and Hannah F., who married George W. Davis. Burford, Nathaniel M., came from Tennessee in 1848, married Mary Knight in 1854; their children, Mattie, married William Morris Freeman in 1886; Nathaniel is dead ; Robert Lee, Jeff Mallard and May. Barrett, Roswell B.. an orphan of Texas pa- rentage, came with James Armstrong in 1846, married " Babe " Baldridge. Barrett, James W., brother of Roswell, still single. Bledsoe, Allen, came in 1845, in Grand Prairie fight. Buskirk, Jonas, and family. Bradshaw, David, and family. , Beeman, John, and family, from Illinois to Bowie county, 1840; to iioyd's Fort, November, 1841 ; to Dallas county, April 1842. His wife was Emily Ilunnicut, yet living. Their children: Elizabeth married tirst Henry Harter in 1844, going eighty miles to Bonham for that purpose; second, B. Bryam, and third William Cumby; Margaret married John Neely Bryan; William H. married Mar- tha Dye; Samuel H. married ifary Ann Weatherford; Isaac H. died in California; James H. married Mary Hammond; Clarissa married — Walker; Nancy married William W. Ilobbs; Ann mar- ried John Fugate; Caroline married Isaac Fisher; — ten children, nine mar- ried. Beeman, James J., in St. Charles county, Mis- souri, in 1836, married Sarah Crawford; ill Dallas, November 29, 1851, he mar- ried Elizabeth Baker, from Ohio. By the first marriage he had children; Mary J. (died in 1884), married first Henry Price; second, Wyatt Barnett; Emily T. married William T. Baker; Francis M. married Amanda McCormick; Melissa died in youth. By bis second wife J. J. had Charles A., who married Martha McCormick, and Sarah E., who married L. A. Sweet. Beeman, Samuel, married in St. Charles county, Missouri, Mary Smelser (both now dead), and came November, 1846, from Calhoun county, Illinois. Of their children John S. married Isabel Bryan in Illinois, came with his father; Ruth married Adam C. Haught, whose tirst wife, Margaret, was a sister of her father; Nancy (in Illinois), married William Uunnicut; Isaac married Hannah Be- thurum; Temperance married — Moore; Peter married Matilda Riggs; William and Jacob were killed in the Confederate army; Kate married Newton Husted. The three brothers brought twenty-four children to Dallas county, including those born here. Caldwell, Solomon, and family, from Illinois, 1842. 154 HISTORY OF DALLAS COO NTT. Caldwell, William, and family, from Illinois. Corley, Adalbert, son of the Rev. Samuel Corley, the Mexican war soldier, came in 1848; for thirty years has been Clerk of Red River county. Cole, John P., and family, removed to Tarrant. Corcoran, John T., and family, 1845. Crabtree, William, and family. Cochran, William M., and wife, nee Nancy J. Hughes, Tennesseans, came from Mis- souri in 1843. He died April 24, 1853. She died October 15, 1877; of their chil- dren, John H. married Martha Johnson; Archelaus M., tirst married Laura, one of the Knights of '46. Second, Mrs. Mary QoWhx^, nee Jenkins; William P. married Amanda M. Lawrence; James M., (born in Dallas county June 1, 1846) married tirst Maggie B. Lively, second Nannie Clark, third Hattie Bourland; George W., died single in 1872; Martha A., married William Harris. Crutchfield, Thomas F., and family, from Kentucky, 1845; children: James O. M.; Fannie Floyd; Albertus went to Califor- nia ; Th. Ella married G. S. C. Leonard; Ophelia married John J. Eakins, who died in 1886; Minerva, married John W. Swindells; Betty married John W. Lane. Cousy, Mrs. Nancy, and family. Cousy, Thomas W., came single. Casey, John, and family. Casey, Harvey, came single. Casey, Harry, came single. Cornelius, Abner P., and family. Crumpacker, Daniel and Joel, came single. Cheshire, Thomas, and family. Cook, John C, married Elvira Maya. Carver, Solomon, and family. Carver, Abraham, and family. Carver, Daniel, came single. Chenoweth, James F., and family. Chenoweth, Thomas, married Hannah Keenan. Clark, A. J. (old Texan), came in 1845, — in Grand Prairie; tirst married Sarah Myers; their son, H. C, in Dallas. Clark, Henry, and family. Clark, William, came in 1845; his family came with Judge Patterson, in January, 1846. Cates, James, came in 1844; in Grand Prai- rie tight; married Elvira Fay. Campbell, Thomas J., came single. Chapman, John C, and family. Chapman, Robert, came single. Castor, Jacob, came single. Carlock, Jacob G., came single. Coats, Samuel, and family, from Illinois, in 1845. Coats, Thomas D., and fiimily, from IlUiuois, 1845. Coats, Marion A., and William B., came single. Cox, John H., and wife, from Illinois, 1842. Cox, George, from Illinois, 1842. Cox, James, from Illinois, 1844. Cox, David B., from Illinois, 1844. Cox, Hartwell B., from Illinois, 1844. Cox, Joseph, married Narcissa Elam. Cox, William, married Mary Dike. Conover, Dr. W. W., came 1845. Campbell, Thomas A., married Margaret A. Goobes. Carr, William, and family. Carr, Henry, cam-^ single. Connor, William D., married Mary Fikea. Carpenter, Timothy, and family came in 1843. Crowley, Richard, married Almeda Leake. Crowley, Benjamin F., married Edna Leake. Calder, Dr., came in 1842, killed by Indians in Collin, February, 1843. Coombes, William, and family, from Ken- tucky, 1843; children: Leven G. married Jane H. Heady; Zachariah Ellis married HI8T0HY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 155 Rebecca F. Bedford; Isaac N. married Uerrilla K. Myers; Margaret A. married Thomas A. Campbell and died in Mis- souri, in 1869; Mary M. married Levi M. J'limfas; Rebecca F. married AVilliam L. Holt, and is dead. Children by a second wife, Samuel H.; John AV., and three daughters. Combs, Joseph, and family, (Cedar Hill) came before July 1848; of his children Zur married Sarab Evans; William S. married Elizabeth J. Evans; Robert. Chowning, Robert, came in 1845. Chowning. J. W., married Nancy Myers in Illinois — in Grand Prairie fight in 1846; found the niurdered i'helps party in 1848; lives in Denton. Couch, Henderson, as foreman of the jury at the first court ever iield in Dallas county, December, 1846; he and his eleven col- leagues divorced Mrs. Charlotte M. Dal- ton from her hnaband, Joseph Dalton, and before the sun of that day glided to the "heathen Chinee" side of the globe; the said Henderson Conch and Charlotte M. Dalton, legally and constitutionally, were husband and wife. It was the first civil suit — Dalton vs. Dalton — ever tried in Dallas county; yet some people of this day imagine that the '-early times'' of Dallas were of the backwoods, "Ar- kansaw Traveler," non- progressive class, such as are found stuck away in certain spots in New York, New Jersey, I'euu- sylvania, and possibly a few in Nortii Carolina and Virginia, but never in the prairies of the great West or Southwest. Let all such realize the electric dispatch business in early Dallas days, and be convinced of their former erroneous im- pression, then tip their beavers to the memory of Henderson and Charlotte Couch. Chenault, Wesley M., and family, in 1845. Ghenault, William, came single, a soldier in Mexico, married Ruth Ann Jackson, died in 1886. Cameron, David R., and family, from Mis- souri, in 1844; among his children were Chris C, L. Frank and T. H. Cockrell, Wesley, and family came in 1846. Cook, Henry, and family, before 1849. Cole, Dr. John, wife and mostly grown chil- dren came from Arkansas 184B; their children; Calvin G., married in Arkansas, Elvira Reeder; James M. married Sarah Bennett; John H. married Elizabeth Pres- ton ; Martin V. married Maggie Preston ; Joseph married Jennie Overton; Ma- linda became second wife of James N. Smith; Eliza married Jefferson Tilley, and is a widow in Arkansas; Louisa married A. G. Walker, and is dead; Win. A., lives in Medina county, mar- ried Mary Bennett. Cook, Williford AV., brother of Robert M., came in 1845. Cook, Robert M., surveyor, came in 1845, married Martha Armstrong. Connor, Abraham, and family came before 1846. Crockett, John M., and wife came from Ten- nessee October, 1847. Collins, James, and wife, Nanny, came in 1846. Collins, Thomas, brother of James, and wife, Mary, came in 1846. Collins, Albert G., and wife, Patnelia, came from Kentucky 1846; their children: Orzelia married John Shipley, now a a widow; James, William, Joel and Henry are dead; Foster in Louisana; Joseph and Albert G., living; Martha 156 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. married Jacob Ervay and lives in Wy- oniino;; Annie married P. King Taylor and lives in Cisco, Texas. The parents are still living. Carter, Woomley, born in Loudoun, Virginia, June 19, 1816; removed from Kentucky to Missouri 1843; to Dallas in May, 1846; married Lucy Anderson; since 1880 has lived near Lewisville, Denton county. Carter, Asher W., brother of Worinley, mar- ried Elizabeth A. Wood. Cockrell, Alexander, came from Missouri in 1845; was a frontier soldier and partly in Mexico; married Sarah H. Ilorton; was killed in Dallas April 3, 1858. His widovir still resides in the old homestead, the abode of hospitality. Their children: Aurelia married Mitchell Gray, and is dead; Robert married Gillie Jones and died in 1866; Frank M. is Alderman Cockrell of the Todd mills; Alexander married Ettie Fulkerson and is a "rauch- ero" on Mountain creek. Crow, Wm. M., and family, in 1847. Carder, Wm. P., and family came in 1845; his sons, Elijaii and Christopher, were soldiers in Mexico, and died in the city about Christmas, 1847. His wife, nee Brumfield, was a sister of Mrs. Amon McCommas. Dooley, George W., and family, before 1848. Durrett, George W., and family, before 1848. Daniel, John H., came from Missouri in 1845; a soldier in the Mexican war; married Rebecca Ray in Dallas county. Their children: William R. married Josephine McCommas; Mary Frances married George H. Alexander, now of Hardeman county; "John Henry" died March 5, 1885; Benj. F.; Sterling Price; Edmund W. married first Emma McCommas; second, Ettie Wilkinson; Charles A.; Martha J., and the last is "Arthur Ellis Coombes Daniel." Dykes, Thomas, came single in 1845; a sol- dier in Mexico, and died in New Orleans en route home. Durgin, Charles H., merchant, came from Massachusetts 1845; married Elizabeth B. Thomas, and is long deceased. His widow is vice-president of the Dallas County Pioneer Association. Dakan, Dr. Perry, married Ann R. Walker, who died in California. He returned, and died in Texas. Dye, Benjamin, Sr., and family came from Kentucky in 1847. His children: Enoch, now dead, married a daughter of Rev. Abner Keen; Benj., Jr., and Wm. H. died single; Joseph F. went to Cali- fornia in 1853; George lives in Dallas County; Martha E. is the wife of Wm. H. Beeman; Sarah first married Mr. Vassella and is now the wife of Dr. Mitchell; Miranda married Madison Bennett; Addie is the wife of Wm. A. McDermett. Dye, William, brother of Benj., died single. Dawdy, Alanson, married Rebecca Shelton. Downing, Wm. W., came single. Dunaway, Foster W., came single. Dixon, Solomon W., and family. Demay (or Dernay) Charles, came in 1845, in Grand Prairie fight. Davis, Hinson C, and family. Davis, John W., Benj. F. and Jeremiah, came single. Ellis, Thomas M., and wife, nee Witt, came from Illinois in 1845. One of their daughters married Middleton Perry; mar- Mary married Jones Green, ried AV". L. White; Wm. F. married Miss Smith; John T. married Miss ffrSTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 157 Stewart; James II. married Mary E. Rawlins. Elam, Win. B.. wife Mary and family, from Illinois, 1845. Elam, Isaac, wife Margaret and family, 1847. Elam, W. M.. and family. Elam, Jesse, and family. Elam, Andrew, Benton and several others came single. Elliott, Sanders, came in 1845. Elkins, Smith, elected Chief Justice in 1850, and quit the country under a domestic cloud. Edwards, Isaac, and family. Ferris, Morris, and family came before 1840. Floyd, Morris, and family came before 1846. Fyke, Elisha, and family. Fyke, Archer, came single. Fyke, Archer, came single. Fortner, Milford F., and family. Frost, Benj., and family. Frost, Tliomas, came single. Ferris, Warren A., surveyor, and family came from Nacogdoches, in 1846. Fleming, Wm., and family, came in 1846. Fleming, Geo. W., came single in 1846; married Louisa Jane Britton. Franklin, Levi, married Xancy Rogers. Fletcher, , married Miss Henry. Fortner, John, and family, came in 1844; now lives at Vinita, Indian Territory; his children — Amos, Mary J. married George Burgocn; Caroline married George Nash. Freeman, Mrs. Mary Ann, and family came in 1846. Freeman, Wm. S., and wife Susan, came in 1846. Fondren, John R., came in 1846. Glover, George W., and family, came in 1843. 12 Goodwin, Micajah, and family, came before 1846. Goodwin, Thomas R., came single. Galloway, D. li. S. C, married Jane Man- ning. Gracey, Marquis D. L., came in 1846; mar- ried Amanda E. Harris. Gracey, Emory A., married Miss Neatlock. Gracey, Grundy C, Sabine, and Wm. T.; Amanda married Goodni. Webb, George W. Barton, James II. llolloway and Josiah Claypool, — all of whom served till the provincial government of 1865-6. Under the constitution of 1866, the follow- ing served as officers: Z. E. Coombes, County Judge James P. Thomas County Clerk William C. Young District Clerk Jeremiah M. Brown Sheriff James P. Goodnight.. .Assessor and Collector James Sheppard Treasurer William H. Thomas Surveyor John Neely Bryan, ) Justices of Precinct John W. Lane, \ No. 1. Matt J. Moore ■ • • • Constable, Who resigning, George V. Cole was appointed to serve out the term. County Commissioners — Isaac B. Webb, J. P. Stratton, George W. Barton and J. R. Clements. 1867— '68— '70. UNDEK KADICAL RULE. In 1867 all Democrats who were holding offices in the State from Governor down, in- cluding those of each county, were removed by military order as impediments to recon- struction. Afterward the following were ap- pointed: County Judge A. Bledsoe County Clerk Samuel S. Jones District Clerk E. B. Spillman superseded by Ben Long. Sheriff N. R. Winnitbrd Treasurer A.J. Gouffe Mishel Therenet. .appointed District Clerk in the fall of 1868. County Commissioners — Isaac B. Webb, John M. Rollins, Samuel C. Phelps and Lewis B. Long. MARCH 1870, UNDflRTHE CONSTITUTION OF 1869: Presiding Justice John D. Kerfoot Associate Justices W. J. Halsell, B. F. Ricketts, Meredith Meyers, Robert S. Guy. District and County Clerk . . . .John M. Laws Sheriff. Jere M. Brown Treasurer. .James P. Goodniglit, M. Y.Cole, elected in 1872. Surveyor N. A. Keen Constable A. H. Hardin, appointed December 30, 1872. ELECTION, DECEMBER, 1873. District and County Clerk Alexander Harwood. Sheriff James E. Barkley Treasurer M. V. Colo Surveyor Robert M. Cooke Presiding Judge John D. Kerfoot Justices Thomas D. Coats, Charles Barker, Thomas L. Frank and William Sprowl. These justices all constituted also the county court. Presiding Judge Nat. M. Burford, elected April 6, 1875, to fill vacancies. Justice N. O. McAdams District Attorney John T. Ault, who died, and E. G. Bower completed his term. 1876 TO 1878. County Judge Robert H. West County Attorney George N. Aldridge County Clerk Alexander Uarwood 188 HISTORY OF DALLAS GOONTY. District Clerk William A. Harwood Sheriff W. M. Moon Assessor Jatnes P. Goodnight Collector William H. Prather Treasurer J. M. Berrjinan Surveyor R. M. Cook Justices of Precinct No. 1 . . . . E. C. McLure and W. W. Peak. County Commissioner — Fleming G. Bled- soe, N. O. McAdams, Wade H. Witt and T. J. Nash. 1878 TO 1880. County Judije R. E. Burke County Clerk Alexander Harwood District Clerk William A. Harwood County Attorney Robert B. Seay Sheriff W. M. Moon Assessor R. D. Rawlins Collector William H Prather Treasurer J. M. Berryman Surveyor John T. Witt Justices of Precinct No. 1 William M. Edwards, William W. Peak. Constable A. H. Hardin County Commissioners — William J. Kel- ler, N. O. McAdams, W. L. Knox and R. N. Daniels. 1880 TO 1882. County Judge R. E. Burke County Attorney Robert B. Seay County Clerk Alexander Harwood District Clerk William A. Harwood Sheriff Benjamin F. Jones Assessor R. D. Rawlins Collector William H. Prather Treasurer J. M. Berryman Surveyor Jesse M. Strong Justices Precinct No. 1 William M. Edwards and W. H. Price. Constable A. H. Hardin County Commissioners. — William J. Kel- ler, N. O. McAdams, N. K. Grvoe, and W. L. Knox. 1882 TO 1884. County Judge R. E. Burke County Attorney Charles F. Clint County Clerk W. M. C. Hill District Clerk Heury W. Jones Sheriff William H. W. Smith Assessor Beverly Scott Collector Charles B. Gillespie Treasurer J. T. Downs Surveyor Jessie M. Strong Justices Precinct No. 1 William M. Edwards, T. S. T. Kendall. Constable George Miller County Commissioners — William J. Kel- ler, W. A. Orr, J. D. Cullom and N. O. McAdams. 1881 TO 1886. County Judge Edwin G. Bower County Attorney Charles F. Clint County Clerk W. M. C. Hill District Clerk Henry W. Jones Sheriff William H. W. Smith Assessor Beverly Scott Collector Charles B.Gillespie Treasurer Henry H. Smith Surveyor Jesse M. Strong Justices of Precinct No. 1. .T. G. T. Kendall and Henry Schuhl. Constable George Miller County Commissioners — M. V. Cole, W. A. Orr, W. J. Keller, and N. O. McAdams. 1886 TO 1888. County Judge Edwin G. Bower County Attorney J. H. Taylor County Clerk W. M. C. Hill District Clerk Henry W. Jones Sheriff Henry Lewis HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 189 Assessor Beverly Scott Collector Charles B. Gillespie Treasurer Henry H. Smith Surveyor Charles Archer Justices of Precinct No. 1 . . . .T. G. T. Ken- dall and William Braswell. Constable Dean County Commissioners — Enoch Strait, N. O. McAdams, Layfayette Bailey, and W. A. Orr. 1888 TO 1890. County Judge Edwin G. Bower County Attorney D. A. Williams County Clerk S. Beverly Scott District Clerk Joe H. Stewart Sheriff W. H. Lewis Assessor John T. Witt Sara Hnnnicutt was declared elected tax assessor by the commissioners' court and was installed in office. Mr. Wittcontested the elec- tion, brought suit for the position, and as the office is a good one pecuniarily, one of the best in the county, the suit ended only when it reached the court of last resort, the Supreme Court of Texas, which declared in favor of Mr. Witt, and the office was turned over to him by Mr. Ilunnicutt during the summer of 1889. Collector of Taxes Chas. B. Gillespie County Trea.surer Henry H. Smith Surveyor Charles Archer County Commissioners — Enoch Strait, N. O. McAdams, Wiley Garner and W. A. Orr. Justices of the Peace, Precinct No. 1 — John Henry Brown and S. N. Broswell. Constable Louis Jacoby 1890 TO 1892. County Judge Edwin G. Bower County Attorney D. A. Williams 14 County Clerk S. Beverly Scott District Clerk Joe H. Stewart Sheriff William H. Lewis Assessor of Taxes John T. Witt Collector of Taxes Louis Jacoby County Treasurer W. N. Coe County Surveyor John M. Young County Commissioners — Tom B. Fisher, N. O. McAdams, E. M. Halsell and W. A. Orr. Justices of Peace, Precinct No. 1 — Ed. S. Lauderdale and S. N. Braswell. Constable W. F. Morton EEPBESENTATION IN CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTIONS. To the secession convention, January 28 to March 25, 1861, the delegates representing Dallas county were Pleasant Taylor, Thomas J. Nash, E. P. Nicholson, W. S. J. Adams. John Henry Brown, now of Dallas, repre- sented Bell and Lampasas counties in the same convention, and was author of tho declaration of the causes which impelled the State of of Texas to secede from the Federal Union. To the constitutional convention of l866, under President Johnson's proclamation: Alexander Harwood and James K. P. Record. To the reconstruction convention of 1868 -'89: A. Bledsoe, known as « Big A." To the constitutional convention of 1875: John Henry Brown, of Dallas; Nicholas H. Darnell, of Tarrant, and John W. Ferris, of Ellis (one district). Wra. B. Wright, for some years since of Dallas, represented Lamar county in that con- vention. William L. Crawford, now of Dallas, represented Marion county. 190 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNT r. Under the general head of Dallas county as organized, it is proper to place the names of all those who have been officially con- nected with it as a county, including the representation at constitutional conventions and legislative bodies. Owing to the close of the war and provis- ional goverinent by the appointment of Pres- ident Johnson, there was no election in 1865, The president appointed A. J. Hamilton pro- visional governor, who served from July 25, 1865, to August 1866. Under the constitution of 1866 and the session in that year J. K. P. Kecoi-d, of Dallas, was senator. The constitution and government were overthrown by the recon- struction act of Congress of March 2, 1867, and various supplementary acts, and from July 30, 1867, to April 16, 1870, the State was under military government. The reconstruction convention of 1868, in its dual sessions, was largely, but by no means entirely, composed of irresponsible adventur- ers, lately enfranchised slaves and political mendicants, with a sprinkling of men who can be described as ignoramuses. The follow- ing delectable morceau, introduced by a dele- gate claiming to be a native Kentuckian, is illustrative of the latter species of the genus homo. By this convention a new (com- monly called the "recoustrnction") consti- tution was framed by a convention assembled in Austin in June and December, 1868, when many thousands of the people were dis- franchised, while the negro, for the first time, was allowed to vote. Following a four days' election, commenc- ing on the first Monday in December, 1869, this constitution, by the military commander, was declared ratified by a majority of those permitted to vote. At the same time and by the same authority a full set of State, district and county officers were declared elected. Eut this new constitution and the officers so elected, including that rara avis in American government, the twelfth legislature assumed legal effect only on the 30th day of March, 1870. Under this regime Dallas, Collin and Tarrant constituted a senatorial district and were entitled to three representatives. Samuel Evans, of Tarrant, was the senator till 1873, when Amzi Bradshaw, of Ellis county, was elected, the district, under the census of 1870, having been changed to Dallas, Tarrant and Ellis. In February, 1876, under the new (pres- ent) constitution, Robert S. Guy, of Lancaster, a clear-headed lawyer and an ex-captain of the Confederate anny, was elected senator from Dallas, Tarrant and Ellis counties, and served for four years with marked fidelity. He was succeeded in 1880 by Anson Rainey, of Ellis county, in 1882, under a new appor- tionment, by Barnett Gibbs, of Dallas, and in 1884 by Joseph O. Terrell, of Kaufman, who was succeeded by R. S. Kimbrough, of Mesquite, Dallas county, the present incum- bent. SENATOES FKOM 1846 TO 1866. In 1846, when Dallas county was created, Joseph L. Hogg, of Nacogdoches, represented in the senate the east half of the county, and HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 191 Henry J. Jewett, of Robertson county, the west half. In 1849, in a new district, Albert G. Walker, of Dallas, was elected over John H. Reagan (present United States senator), of Anderson, the senatorial term being four years. In 1851 Walker resigned and Samuel Bogart, of Collin county, was elected to fill the unexpired term. From 1858 to 1857 Jefferson Weatherford, of Dallas county, was senator. From 1857 to 1861 Albert G. "Walker, of Tarrant, was senator. From 1861 to 1865 Jefferson Weatherford again served. REPRESENTATIVES OF DALLAS COUNTY 1847 TO 1887. 1847-9, Win. M. Cochran; 1849-'51, Jef- ferson Weatherford; 1851-53, John M. Crockett; 1853-'59. three terms, Andrew Jackson Witt; 1859-'61, Nicholas H.Darnell; 1861-63, James P. Thomas, resigned in 1862 and James P. Goodnight elected ; in 1863-'65, George Wilson, resigned and John C. McCoy elected; in 1865, no election; 1866, under new constitution, Nathaniel Burford and Archelaus M. Cochran; 1869-'72, under re- construction constitution, John W. Lane; in 1872-'73, John Henry Brown, of Collin dig- trict, Tarrant and Dallas; 1873-'75, John H. Cochran, in district: 1876, under new constitu- tion, John H. Cochran and J. T. Downs; 1878, John H. Cochran, speaker of the house, and John W. Daniel; 1880, John W. Daniel and Thomas F. Nash; 1882, John H. Cochran and Thomas F. Xash; 1884, R. S. Kimbrough and Z. Ellis Coombes; 1886, Jesse M. Strong and J. C. Rugel; 1888, Jesse M. Strong and — Rowland; 1890-'92, John H. Cochran and — Rowland. otiib:k officers. In regard to State and other officers, citizens of Dallas liave filled the following positions: From 1861 to 1863, during the war, John M. Crockett was Lieutenant Governor; from 1884 to 1886, Barnett Gibbs was Lieutenant Governor. From 1880 to 1887 James Madison Hurt was judge of the Court of Appeals, and for a second term has some time yet to serve. Sawnie Robertson was appointed in 1884 to till a vacancy in the Supreme Court, and served till the next election, but refused to serve further. From 1878 to 1886 Olin Welborn repre- sented this district in Congress, his last term expiring March 3, 1887, soon afier which he removed to and settled in San Diego, Cali- fornia. Reuben A. Reeves, for a number of years a judge of the Supreme Court, at one time resided in Dallas, but not at the time of his election. In 1887, he was appointed by President Cleveland a judge of the Supreme Coqrt of New Mexico, and now resides there. Being absent it is admissible to say that all Te.xas indorsed the appointment of Judge Reeves as eminently judicious. He is thoroughly qualified, and a more modest and honest gentleman does not exist. FIRST FKECINCT BOUNDARIES. The first division of Dallas county into precincts was made by John Neely Bryan, the county being divided into seven precincts, with boundaries as follows: 192 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. Precinct No. 1. — Commencing at the mouth of Five-Mile creek, thence up said creek to the source of North prong; thence north to west fork of Trinity, thence down said stream to mouth; thence up the Elm fork to mouth of Thompson's creek; thence up said creek to the source of South fork; thence east to the divide road east of White Rock; thence with said road to the mouth of White Rock; thence down Trinity river to beginning. Precinct No. ^. — -Commencing on the West fork at the western boundary of Pre- cinct No. 1; thence south with said boundary to the Mountain road; thence with said road to the bouthern boundary of the county; thence west with said boundary to corner; thence north with western boundary of the county to the West fork; thence down said stream to the beginning. Precinct No. 3. — Commencing at the mouth of the West fork; thence up said stream to the western boundary of the county; thence north with said boundary to corner; thence east with the northern boundary of the county to the Elm fork; thence down said stream to beginning. Precinct No. 4-. — Commencing at the mouth of Thompson's creek; thence up said creek to the source of South fork; thence east to the divide road east of White Rock; thence up said road to the northern boundary of the county; thence west with said northern boundary to the Elm fork; thence down the Elm fork to the beginning. Precinct No. 5. — Commencing at the northeast corner of the county; thence west with the northern boundary of the county to the divide road east of White Rock; thence south with said road to where it crosses the national road; thence east with said national road to the eastern boundary of the county; thence north with said eastern boundary to beginnino;. Precinct No. 6. — Commencing at the south- east corner of the county; thence north with the eastern boundary of the county to the national road; thence west with said road to where it crosses the Divide road; thence with said road to the mouth of White Rock; thence down the Trinity to the southern boundary of the county; thence east with said southern boundary to beginning. Precinct No. 7. —Commencing at the mouth of Five-Mile creek; thence up said creek to the source of the North fork; thence west to the Mountain road; thence south with said road to the southern boundary of the county; thence east with said southern boundary to the Trinity river; tiienee up said river to beginning. The above precincts were laid off in the early part of July, 1846, the description of which, as above given, being recorded on the 20th day of July, 1846. The above boundary lines of these precincts have many times beeu changed since they were thus located, and the couiity is now divided into eight pre- cincts (justices'), the boundaries of which will not here be given, as they can be dis- cerned by reference to a map of Dallas county. The towns included in the different precincts, however, are as follows: Precinct No. 1, the city of Dallas and suburbs and Calhoun ; Pre- cinct No. 2, Farmers' Branch, Carrollon, Trinity Mills and Richardson; Pi-ecinct No. 3, Rose Hill, Pleasant Valley, Garland, New Hope and Reinhardt; Precinct No. 4, Scyene, Mesquite, Haught's Store, Seagoville and Kieburg; Precinct No. 5, De Soto, Hutchins, Wilmer, and Lancaster; Precinct No. 6, Duncan ville and Cedar Hill; Precinct No. 7, Lisbon, Eagle Ford, Grand Prairie aud Oak Cliff; Precinct No. 8, Sowers. HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. 193 There are fifty-seven voting precincts in the county, each of the above named towns and surrounding territory constituting a vot- ing prejiiiL't, except the city of Dallas, in which each ward is a voting precinct, there being twelve wards in the city. Besides these there are otiiers which are not hsre named, as they are places of minor import- ance. FIRST RECORDS. The first marriage in the county after its orcranization was Crawford Treece to Annie M. Kimrael, by Justice W. H. Hord. The first deeid, dated October 7, 1846, authenticated before William B. Ochiltree, district judge, November 12, and recorded November 20, was from John Neely Bryan and his wife, Margaret, to Henry Harter, to lots 5 and 0, block 3, in the town of Dallas. A l)ill of sale from the sheriff was recorded June 19, 1847, to a " runaway " slave named Henry, who, being duly advertised according to law and unclaimed, was sold to S. G. New- ton and William J. Walker, for $350. George W. Cox was married to Mary Car- ver, August 30, 1846, by Joseph Key. The first marks and brands recorded were those of John Neely Bryan, John Heeinan and John Young, on the 28th day of Septem- ber, 1846. The first will was that of J. A. Simmons, and was recorded July 23, 1846. A bill of sale dated March 17, 1844, of a negro woman, Jane, made by Edward Wei- born to JohuYoung, and was recorded Au- gust 9, 1846. EARLY RECORDS OF THE COURTS. The first records of a marriage in the county after its organization was Crawford Treece to Anna Minerva Kimmel, and as the record is one of the oldest in the county we will give it in full: State of Texas, ) To any regularly ordained Dallas county. [ minister of the gospel, dis- trict judge or any justice of the peace for the county: You are hereby authorized to solemnize the rites of matrimony between Crawford Treece and Anna Minerva Kimmel and due return make to me according to law, this 20th of July, A. D. 1846. WM. M. COCHRAN, C. C. D. C. 1 hereby certify that I solemniz ed the rite of matrimony between Crawford Treece and Anna Minerva Kimmel on Wednesday, 23d '^~ day of July, A. D. 1846. AAKON IJ. WILSON, .F. I". Following the above license and certificate on the record appears this indorsement: Mr. Cochran, Clerk of the Court for County of Dallas: Sir: This is to let yon know that I am willing that my daughter, Anna Manervy, shall be united in matrimony to Crawford Treece. Kathrine Kimmel. July 20, 1846. The above license was issued on Sunday; and on same day it was executed, — the 23d day of July, 1846, — a license was issued to J. T. Miller and Sarali Hanght, and also to Jo.seph Graham and Catherine Kimmel, the mother of the lady who was one of the parties to the first marriage. In the same old record appears the record of the marriatje of William P. Overton and Martha Ann Newton. William P. Overton was one of the Dallas county pioneers, and is still living in the county, a few miles south- west of the city of Dallas. The first l)ill of sale recorded in the county, August 9th, 1846, was from Edward Welborn to .Fohn Young, and is as follows: I have this day sole information at hand the honor appears to belong to a Dr. Conover, who came about 1843 or '44, prior to the organization of Dal- las county, settling at Cedar Springs, on the lot where Jack Coles' handsome residence now stands, and part of the old orchard planted by his hands remains to mark the spot where he lived. A short time after came a Dr. Sampson, and was known among old settlers as the " hot-water and steam doctor." The third and best remembered of the first doctors was Dr. Jerry Dakin. He had been deprived of a complete literary education but, as one of his friends in Dallas expresses it, he was a •' natural -born doctor," and was regarded by his brother physicians who came later as a successful practitioner. A few years ago, broken down in health and for- UI8T0UY OF DALL^iS COUNTY. 205 tune, he laid his burden down and rested by the wayside. The next to come, in 1846, was Dr. S. B. Pryor. About four years later his brother, Dr. Charles li. Pryor, joined him here. These gentlemen were scions of an old Vir- ginia family, and were noted both for their social and intellectual culture as well as their professional ability. Dr. S. B. Pryor died here and is buried in the cemetery of Dallas. The widow is living and spending her de- clining years in the State of Arkansas. In 1851 Dr. David King came from Ten- nessee and located on the Lancaster road about three miles south of Dallas (a sketch of his life appears in the biographical part of this work). Dr. James Wright came in the '508, locating about four miles west of Dallas. Dr. James Swindell also came in the '508, and located in Lancaster, where he now resides. Dr. J. E. Thomas came in 1854. At the beginning of the Civil war he abandoned his practice here and went out as surgeon in Colonel Nat. M. Burford's regiment and promptly entered upon his duties in the field. The months of lingering camp life in pesti- lential swamps and morasses, the days and nights of weary march amid the heat, cold, chilling sleet and drenching rain, planted in him the seeds of consumption, from which he died in 1868. On many occasions these old pioneer doc- tors were called up at the hour of midnight to ride twenty-five or thirty miles to attend a sick-bed. There were no railroads here 16 then, and the only travel was in the saddle. The country was sparsely settled and fre- quently through the cold and the rain and tlie mud and the dark these old pioneer doctors would take these long, lonely rides, not so much for pecuniary gain as to relieve the sufferings of their fellow-men, for they treated all alike, whether they had money or not. No prescriptions were written in those days: the doctor carried his drugstore in his saddle-bags and dealt out the doses, fre- quently administering the medicine with his own hand and remaining with the patient until he was out of danger. He was in truth a benefactor, and, like the people whom he served, he must share the hardships and struggles of life in a new country, away from conveniences of all kinds, where his lonely rides often carried him for many miles with- out seeing a solitary habitation of a fellow- man. The medicines which he carried were often exceedingly costly, yet they were dealt out without stint whenever his professional services were in demand. His fees were small, and as money was an article not pos- sessed in abundance by many of the settlers, he was obliged to take his pay in such prod- ucts as the afflicted person could provide. Often the doctor's ministrations were a labor of charity, for his fees were not always forth- coming; yet he lived and toiled on in his work of relieving the sick and distressed and shared with the people their prosperity or adversity. Dr. Johnson, who came in 1856, is the only one of the pioneer physicians now 206 BISTORT OP DALLAS COUNTY. practicing in Dallas. The doctor ranks among his patients some of the leading men and and women of Texas, both of the past and the present, and from the period of his ar- rival in this country has highly distinguished himself as a physician, as a surgeon and as an obstetrician, and all who know him well speak in the highest praise of his many noble qualities. Honor, integrity and lofty-minded strength of purpose, with a scrupulous re- gard for the true ethics of his profession, are qualities he possesses and holds dearer than anything else upon earth. Although nearing the sixtieth mile-post of life, the highly preserved state of his health visibly indicates a long life. The pleasant relations that have existed between Dr. Johnson and the people of the country and the trust they have reposed in him is fully appreciated. Indeed he cherishes with genuine pride, as well he may, the esteem and kindly regard in which he has been held by the good people of this community during the many years he has lived in Dallas county. His learning and skill, his high sense of professional honor and his kindly nature have combined to give him a warm place in the hearts of the old Texan. They fully believe that as a phy- sician he has been the means of saving hun- dreds of lives; and only those who are familiar with the affectionate way in which the people speak of him can appreciate how strong is their friendship for him. MEDICAL ASSOCIATIONS. The first medical association in Dallas was organized in 1872. Dr. A. A. Johnson was elected its president, It lived only about a year, and, as the doctor expresses it, " it died a-teething." Several others were organized, but never got out of their swaddling clothes. The influx of doctors were such that in 1884 the leading physicians deemed it ad- visable to organize an association. So, on April 3, 1884, the leading physicians of Dal- las met for the purpose of organizing a medical association. The following is taken from the records of the society: " Dallas, Texas, April 3, 1884. " The following gentlemen met at Drs. Chilton & Smith's office Tuesday, April 3, 1884, for the purpose of organizing a conntj' medical association. Dr. Morton was called to the chair to act as temporary chairman and Dr. Veal to act as temporary secretary of the meet ing. Present also: Drs. Thompson, Moseley, Elliott, Leake, Eagon, Sutton, Chilton, Smith and Meeks. A committee of three, composed of Drs. Leake, Sutton and Elliott, was ap- pointed to notify the physicians in the city and county of Dallas (Dr. Leake acting as chairman of said committee) that a meeting be held at Drs. Chilton & Smith's olhce Sat- urday at 3 F. M., April 12, 1884, for the pur- purpose of effecting a permanent organiza- tion. Upon motion the meeting adjourned until Saturday, 3 p. m., April 12, 1884. Saturday, April, 12, 1884. Dr. Morton, temporary chairman, called the meeting to order and asked for minutes of last meeting, which were read by the sec- retary, after which the following resolutions were offered by Dr. Thompson, before com- mencing the business of the meeting: Resolved, First, that we, the regular prac- ticing physicians of the city and county of Dallas, in convention assembled, adopt the HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. 207 rules of the State Medical Association re- ganiiiig admission of members, which are as follows: Article Third of the constitution says there shall be only one class of members in this association, namely: Every regularly educated man within the limits of the county who is a graduate of a regular medical col- lege in good standing, and who adopts and conforms to the code of ethics of the Ameri- can Medical Association, shall be eligible to membership in this body. Resolved, That the temporary chairman appoint as a judicial council three physicians of the city and two of the county, known to be regular graduates in medicine, whose duty it shall be to decide upon the eligibility of candidates for membership and to whom all applications for membership shall be re- ferred. The above resolution being unanimously adopted, the chairman appointed a commit- tee of five, viz.: Drs. Thompson, Sutton, Al- len, Smith and Dr. Thompson acting as chairman of said committee. After a judicial examination of the names brought before the committee the chairman reported thirty-seven as eligible to member- ship in the society. The next important point for considera- tion being the election of officers, the result was as follows: Dr. Morton, president; Dr. Leake, first vice-president; Dr. Thruston, second vice-presidant; Ur. Smith, treasurer; Dr. Veal, secretary. On a committee of by-laws the following were appointed by the president: Drs. Eagon, Johnson and Newsom, also a judiciary com- mittee, comprised of Drs. Leake, Thotnpson, Sutton and Eagon. The name and style of this society is "the Dallas County Medical Society," and is auxil- iary to the "Texai State Medical Associa- tion." The object of this society is to organ- ize the medical profession of the county in the most efficient maimer possible: to encour- age a high standing of professional qualifica- tions and ethics and to promote professional brotherhood. Tiie meetings of the society have been both pleasant and instructive. Many interesting and instructive essays have been prepared and impressively read by dif- ferent members to which the society listened with great attention and growing interest. Tliese essays, on different diseases and topics pertaining to the medical profession, showed careful construction and gave every evidence of long experience and earnest reflection on the part of the different authors. These essays were invariably open for discussion, when nearly every member found tongue in either questioning the author's argument or adding something to the paper by recounting personal observations and experiences. The object of the society is a noble one and has done much towards strengthening and elevat- ing the standard of the medical profession of Dallas county. The following preamble and resolutions were taken from the records of the society on the death of its first president, J. H. Morton. At the death of the first prfi8i. Trotman, Colonel and Assistant Adjutant-General; Dr. S. D. Thrus- ton, Surgeon-General; II. W. Grabor, Quar- termaster-General; S. P. Mendez, Commis- sary-General; Hugh F. Ewing, Inspector- General; W. G. Veal, Brigadier-General and Chief of Ordnance; W. II. Gaston, Rrigadier- General and Aid-de-Camp; F. Waltam, Briga- dier-General and Aid-de-Camp; li. B. Stod- dard, Brigadier-General and Aid-de-Camp; Charles A. Harris, Brigadier-General and Aid-de-Camp, Louisiana; John M. Ilarrell, Brigadier-General and Aid-de-Camp, Arkan- sas; J. O. Shelby, Brigadier-General and Aid- de-Camp, Missouri; D. N. Mcintosh, Briga- dier-General nnva Cav. ..15 Mich. Vol." ..3dU. S. Art. Dallas Private.... C . 31 Ills. Mosquito. Dallas.... .Captain... II Honry F. Poory... S. Parsla C. Rick H.T.Ruo D. J. Kundali . . . . F. I'. Heymuller.. (Ue-enliMted) . A. Rockhold.... iUe-enlited).. B. F. Sheffleld.... C.8. Stover H. W. Swttiu J. S. Splear A. L. Smith T. H. Smith J. O. Stannage... Kaufman Co. Private I , Dallas " ....A '* Cai)tain. ..C " Private... " K Waxahachio . Private A ...1st Lieut. K .Dallas Private ....G .UO Ind. Inf. ,127 1116. .8 Md. Inf. U. S. Ounhont Black Hawk. .171118. Inf. ,8 Ills. Cav. 4 Mo. Int. ..8 01)10 Bat. ..5 Mich. Cav. ..8 Mo. Inf. ,.S7 " " .33 Ohio. . ..A. Ist Ohio. Dallas .11. 16 Ind. Dallas Private E 6 Mo. . " Bugler ....G. 11 Ohio V. C. " Captain and A. C. S. A. B. Sheets C. Si)iekenk()tler,. Peter J. Shandley. .lohn Shilling James M. Steere. . . llclnstaled ... Corporal . . .U . , 12 Ills. Vol. Private ...G..1 Ind. II. A. " ....II..2K. I. " .. D...4MO. Inf. " ....D. 1 R. I. Cav. C.S. Serg't.. ..3R. I. Cav. James Sharp Oak Cliff Private ,. I ..7Tenn. Inf. James G. Sanies,.. Dallas Surgeon 10 Tenn. Vol. J. S. Thatcher.... " MldBliipman ..U. 8. N. J. C. 'I'urner S. 8. Taylor Dallas Private Carl II. Titlcy " " ...A.. . I.. ...L. ...H. . Inf 89N.Y. .81 Ills. 3 Ohio Cav. .20 Ills, Inf. .. Landsman. U. 8.Gnnl)oat Ohio. ..ToA. A.Surg 810. V. I. . . A. A. Surg. Post, Brenham.Tox. ...Private ...D. .2 Iowa Inf. . .H'p't Sfrt. U. 8. A. W. F. Thatcher . , J. C. B. Tabor Charles Taylor F, A. Williams... Uidnstated W. D. Wylic Ri^iuBtated John W. White,., .lohn II. Whitman J. C'. Wainscott. . . N. K. Wright Ciias. Weisenborn F. (). Worden Reinstated Ilulibard Wells . . (J. W. Wallace.... John F. Whipple, Henry Wagner Reinstated " Sergeant. ..C. ..77 Pa. " Kane J. Williams.. Jefferson St'n.. Private K...6 Iowa Inf. Asa J. Whitsell... .Dallas " ....B ..2 Ills. Inf. . Dallas Private . . " Captain. " Private.. .(ireeuville Corporal ..B..33MO. Inf. ..K..1 Minn. Inf. , .1.. ,1 Kansas. , .B..13 Mo. Inf. . .K...'* IllB. Inf. ..I. ..52 His. Inf. ..I,. .3 Minn. ,A..l Mich. H. A. ..C...77PU. Vol. Inf. .Corporal. ..B. .3 Ills. Inf. .Quarter Gunner. .Private. .A.. 23 Ohio Inf. E..4U. S. Cav. .D..7Pa. Cav. .A. .11 Pa. Inf. .A. .141 IllB. .11. .38 Ind. Inf. Reinstated " ... F. Zimmerman ... " ... Josepli Zenlenka. . " ... Reinstated " " Klrchner J. W. Fories Dallas Private ., 0. H. Cooper " " B. P. Carr " " ... W. II. Williams... " W E. Brown " Private.., Jas. Abbott Ellis Co., Tex. .Corporal W. II. McClellen.. Oak Cliff, Tex,. " Willis A. Caffel... .Dallas.... Private J. .^. Nelson Dallas Co Ist Serg't.. H.. 8 Iowa Cav. ilames Baxter Rockwall Co... Surgeon.. .A.. 8 Tenn. Cav. Jacob ZuBfan Dallas Private A,. 32 Ind. Inf. George Ji'nnings.. Rockwall Co.. .Ist Serg't. .K. 8 Mich. Inf. Job. T. Barrett ... " Private. ...G. ,4 Tenn. Inf. A... 81 Ills. Inf. .A.. 7 Ind. Inf. F..121 Ohio Inf. .I...5Pa. R, C. I. .K..a Tenn. Inf. W. 11. Hucy Alma, Ellis Co. " Groonviiie Loyd. ..Royce, Rock- " wall county. K.M.Peterson.... " " M. Mullen Dallas Co " David M. TindalL.l'edar Iliii.Dal- " las Co., Texas. M. Piilborry Dallas " J.K.Austin Wilmer, Dallas " county. R, B. Kelly Dallas " LIST OF POST NO. 11. N.\ME Rksidkncb Rank Co. Keoiment II. B. Davis Dallas Sergeant.. D.. 21 Ind. Inf. John L. Boyd " Private ...II.. 98 N. Y. Inf. 1. B. Gibson " Major B Ills. Cav. .B .47 111. Inf. .K ,1.3Si Pa. Inf. D. .8 Mo. Inf. C. 40 Wis. Inf. .1. .1 Ark. Cav. ..F . .7 Ills. Inf. lIlSTOIiY OF DALLAS GOUNTT. i'iw T. H. Nareo Dallas ...Lieut . . Private ..B. .B. .B. .A. .n. 0. .F. ..B. .B .C. .A .A. .K. .C. H. .K. .A. K.. .A. .B. .K. .C. .F. .A. .B. D. .C, .G ..K .A ..E .C .K ..L B n. .O ..B F ..F G A. ..C ..A ..K leut I D ..D W. N. Johnson ** Muslolan RO Pa Inf Geo. W. llynson.. P. J. Sheehan. .. .1 Ky. Inf. BcnJ. StiDC " Private.... K .11 Ills. Cav. J. B. Moore ... . ** . Sonrcunt M 9 Iowa Cav J. T. Waiuscott.. . .33 Mo. Inf. .47 Iowa Inf. Corporal.. U.. 7 Mo. Cav. Frnncte Harris ** Prlvntu I) 1 Ark Rnt W.W. Parley U. B. Horn Wm.Wtttkins " Corporal. . .11.. 12 W. Va. Inf. B.F.Lancaster " Privote.. ..A.. 18 Ky. Inf. Christian Rletzel . '* Musician 177 Pa Inf John W. White... John 8. Veach . . . B. P. Winfrey A. C. Smith Thomas M. Orr " Private.. ..B.. 184 Ohio. UovidBryant " Corporal.. G.. 26 Mirh. Inf. 8. E. Kichardson " Ist Lieut.. D.. 166 Ind. Inf. James Carey . . . .89 N. Y. Inf. Prlv»te...C..llInd. Inf. E.S.Randall " " .. .0 .186 Ohio Inf. S.S.Taylor ..Private... R. C. Mcfollah . . E. P. Brown .8 Ilia. Cav. llnd. II. A. .14 Ind Hat. .2 Mass. Inf. 92111s. Inf. .47 Ind Inf. 150 N. Y. Inf. U. S. Sig. S. .27 Ind. Inf. .3 Ind. Cav. 4 Ohio Cav. 47 Ind. Inf. 8 Mo. Inf. .36 Mass. Inf. 79 N. Y. Inf. 7 N. Y. Inf. 12 Kan. Inf. 17 Wis. 11 Mo. Cav. 7 Ky. Inf. 8 Ilis. Inf. 25 Mich. Inf. .29 111s. Inf. .97 Ills. Inf. 1 N. Y. M. K. 20 Ind, Inf. .67 Ind. Inf. .31 N. Y. Inf. . 18 Ills. Inf. .2 La. Cav. .7 Mich. .WN. Y. Inf. .21 N. J. OTenn. Cav. .118 1118. Inf. M W. Va. .40 {owa Inf. .3 Iowa Cttv. .2 Ills. Art. .I2«llls. Art. R Pa. R. .m Ills. Inf. .1 Ark. .123 Ohio Inf. .40 Ills. B. W. McCulloiigh... Dallas Sergoont.. .F..20 O. V. L C.Dickson " Captain. . .F.. 9 N.Y. Cav. J. Spray " Private.... C. .34 Iowa Inf. T. Beckwith " " F..3Wis. Cav. John W. Delaney. John Curley ..Captain.. Chas Spikerkotter .. Private... J.T.Cooper " .Captain G. .144 Ills. Inf. E. M. Ishom " Private E. .29 Ohio Inf. W.R Avery " Ensign U. 8. S. Mohawk. S.Parker " Private 5 Ind. L. Art. P. 0. Dwyer •' .. '* ..I 28 Iowa Inf J. cum J. C. Bigger Oeargo Adalcta.. 8. F. Noyes . . Lieut. Col ...Sergeant. ...Private... J.P.Lake .. " ... Wm. Murphy " " . .1 28 Iowa Inf. J. M. Foes J. W. Ridge " " E .liW Pa. Inf. E. B. Yamell ... . . . Sergeant . Smith Irwin " Corporal A..8Mo.Inf. John Hunter " Private C..73N.Y.Inf. Henry Allen Henry Kinkel John L. Finney... . . . Corporal . ...Private .. . ..Surgeon.. ...Privato... J. M. Kindred " Q. M 8 Ky. Inf. II. Van Ness '■ Privato Q..89 N. Y. Inf. Jocob Uogeman ... " •' A. .19 Ills. luf. Jos. O. Plchc " Wra. Schroodor H. O. Gage Alfred H. King " Privato F.. 141 Ills. Inf. Geo. W. Burgees .. . " Drummer D..90Pa.Inf. A O. Malloy Edward Glavln ..Colonel... . Ist Lieut 0. B. S. Miller " Engineer.... E..1 N. Y. E. C. Thos. Wodsworth... " Woodward Little.. ..Private W.W.Walker " Seaman. . ..U. S. 8. Clara D. J. W. Ayres II J. W. Coleman " Steward U. 8. 8. L. C. Leoda ..Sergeant. ..Captain.. >i Alfred Billows " 2nd Lieut . .A. 48 Ind In/. D.M.Baker W. E. Best Wm.R. Marshall.... " Private D. .4 Ky. Ind, Inf. Francis Felling J- E. Rnst.... ... N. W. Thompson.. W. II. Bates ..Sergeant. ...Private... MEMORIAL DAY. In writing the history of Dallas county, not Jes Ennison „ the least in the annals of this great county is the good and fraternal feeling existing between the old soldiers of the late war, and the writer has had uiic.xceptional)lo opportunities to ascer- tain the true feeling of tlie j)eople. There is the best of feeling in Dallas county regarding the introduction of Northoni capital and im- Wm. II. Iliestaud. O.W. McCormick. ...Captain.. Thomas Burke E.G. Rust Thos. A. Newman Thos. W. Horst .. Henry B. Furbul.. Wm. T. Balrd .Dallas Co.. .Dallas 11 II II II ..Private .. ...IstSerg't. . . . Corporal . . ..Captain . . ..adSerg't. C. 8. Woodworth. M. W. Mann II ... Private... . . igt Licnt A. 8. Lee Geo. W. Colo ..Private . li W. Willie II „ migration into the State, and any Northern man can only realize the cordial welcome he will receive by actual contact with the people, and it is with pleasure the discoursu tilled with geme of patriotic sentiments delivered G. W. Gilcoat Geo. A. Wehalcr . W. A. Metcalf .. . F. 0. Brown II II II II . . 8d Serg't . ..Sergeant. II . ..Engineer ...Privote... also 2d L ...Private.. ...Drummer iBt Liont Wm. McKenna O.W. Frost K. D. L. Hunter... Geo. S. Nash .... .8 Mass. Inf. . 31 Mass. Inf. .2 Ohio Inf. .4 Muss. Inf. .1 Mo. L. Art. .1 Mich. L. Cav. J. W. Church II ...Mulor.... by Rev. E. M. Wheelock on Memorial day 234 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. is published with this history. Also, in this same connection, is published an address de- livered by Colonel W. D. Wylie, formerly of the Second Iowa, and afterward of the regu- lar array, the first Department Commander of the Grand Army of the Republic in Texas; and also an address by Colonel W. L. Craw- ford, a gallant soldier who wore the gray; and it is hoped that this history of this great county, showing as it does the complete his- tory of our reconciliation, will do something toward cementing the fraternal feeling now existing, and in doing good for our common country. The words "memorial day" cause a feeling of rest and peace to come into our hearts, but it is so graphically and politically expressed in the memorial discourse by Rev. E. M. Wheelock, it is published in full: " Greater love hath no man than this, that he lay down his life for his friend. — John XV, 13. " Through all past time, among all past peoples, the memory of the soldier dead has been sacredly cherished. For conquering kings pyramids were built; for chiefs, war- riors, heroes, triumphal arches reared their stately fronts. Pillars pierced the sky to point the victories of nations, while the mon- ument and the mausoleum testify to the grief for the fallen. The chiseled marble, the sculptured vase and urn, the cenotaph of brass are the enduring monuments of grief, the tributes of a nation's sorrow to her most gallant and deserving sons. " But the American republic year by year decorates the graves of its citizen soldiers. not in sorrow, not in mourning, not with the cold symbols of metal and stone, but rather with the high gladness of a solemn festival. So, in the springtime of nature, from every city and town and hamlet of this broad conti- nent, gather the people of this, the proudest of all nations, to commemorate the valor and the victory of their soldier dead. They strew their last resting place with the most fitting decora- tion that can be brought to a true man's grave — flowers, fresh as the remembrance we carry in our hearts for the departed brave; flowers as fragrant as the full-blossomed glory of their deeds in the annals of the age; flowers perishable like the bodies of kindred dust, but like the immortal soul of man to be renewed year by year forever. Their true symbol is the starry flag which they carried to enduring victory from sea to sea; their true arch of triumph, the government of free and equal laws which they made to span the continent like the bow of promise, giving assurance of equality of duties and of rights under lav.s founded on the will of the people alone. " Thus arises a grander and more imperish- able memorial than ever the pomp of king- doms or the wealth of selfish conquest have raised to commemorate their warriors and their chiefs; a national purpose which has the dignity and solemnity of funeral rites without their sadness. We celebrate not a new be- reavement, but an old one; not around a freshly made grave, but remembering those already clothed with grass and blooms. To Nature's signs of tenderness we but add our own. Not ashes to ashes, dust to dust, but HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNT T. 225 only blossoms to blossoms, laurels to the lau- reled. After war, peace; after carnage, flow- ers; after death, the new life of the soul. "The great volunteer army of the nation has long since disbanded. Its tents are struck, its camp fires put out, its muster rolls laid away. But there is another army that no presidential proclamation can disband and no general orders reach. In every cemetery we stand amidst its camping grounds; those white stones are its tents, its muster rolls are in our memories, its camp fires burn in our hearts. " When the great soldier of Napoleon, La Tour d'Auvergne — surnaraed 'the First Gren- adier of France"— fell in battle the Emperor ordered that his heart should be embalmed and carried always at the head of his regi- ment, that his name should be called at every roll call and that some comrade should an- swer for him, ' Dead upon the field of honor.' " So have we embalmed the hearts of our heroes in our imperishable affections; we carry them to the front, and when we hear read their lengthened muster rolls our love makes answer for each, ' Dead upon the field of honor.' 'On Fame's eterniil camping ground Their silent tents are spread, And Glory guards, with solemn round, The bivouac of the dead.' " Tliey had learned the great lesson that ' Whether on the tented field Or in the battle's van, * The fittest place for man to die Is where he dies for man.' " We read in the old Roman story that one day in the center of the imperial city, and right through its forum, the earth suddenly opened and a vast chasm yawned to the bot- tomless deep. Every hour it crumbled and widened until it threatened to engulf the proud temples and palaces of Roine. Vain was every eflfort to stay the growing horror. The whole population labored in vain to fill it; all that they cast in disappeared. The tired swarms of laborers returned at morning from their brief slumbers to find their toil of yesterday wasted and the gulf still wider and deeper than before. Despairing and dreading the vengeance of the offended deities, of whose wrath they saw in this the visitation, the senators of the trembling city consulted the soothsayers and the seers. The answer was given that the chasm would never be filled and its growth never stayed until the thing that Rome held to be her highest wealth, value and preciousness, should be cast into the dreadful pit. There was much de- bate as to what the most precious thing might be, and on the morrow the multitude gath- ered around the quaking edge of the gulf, bearing in their arms gold and jewels, gems and pearls, and their choicest wealth. 'Sud- denly among them appears a young soldier mounted and armed as for battle. " ' These lifeless things that you bear in your arms, O, Romans,' ho cries, ' are not your best gifts. Your strength, your hope, your most priceless wealth arc youth and valor, and life freely given for the redemption of one's country.' He plunges into the abyss. 226 HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY- Its horrid jaws slowly close over liiin. Its ravages are stayed, and soon no trace of the gulf is left on the green sward. " Our fathers founded this nation on jus- tice. They laid the corner stone of the Re- public in the cement of universal liberty, ' all men are created equal,' but the political walls were builded with un tempered mortar. The conflict between hostile systems of labor had long been gathering. It was not an affair of transient impulse. The battle was being set in array even from the time the new nation had been brought forth. The clash of discus- sion was heard in every nook and corner of the land. Then came the passionate appeal to arms. A great gulf suddenly yawned, stretching from ocean to desert, dividing the people into hostile camps. That war did not end nor that gulf close till we had cast therein our most precious possessions, the growth, the strength, the virtue, the patriotism of the land. " From homes where gray-haired grandsires still spoke of Washington ; from the cabin which sheltered the emigrant of yesterday; from the lap of luxury and the hut of poverty; from the wayside shop of the blacksmith and the broad acres of the fanner; from the clear- ing of the pioneer and the cave of the miner; from the college halls where students gathered and the marts of trade where merchants thronged, they came in a grand array. " Life was as dear to them as to others, death just as unwelcome. But life must end and death must come to all, and their hearts sang the song of the old hero ' who kept the bridge bo well.' " 'Then out spoke brave Horatius, The captain of the gate: ' To every man upon the earth Death cometh soon or late; And how can man die better Than facing fearful odds For the ashes of his fathers And the templfe of his gods?' " The gulf closed at last, but the land ridged and scarred with 300,000 graves re- minds us how deadly the danger and how great the sacrifice. " Not till man had wasted from before the cannon's mouth, like snow flakes from the noonday sun; not till her voice of mourn- ing was heard in every hamlet and town; not till the reaper Death had gathered a harvest of the noblest and best into his voiceless gar- ner; not till rivers of blood in crimson streams cried from earth to heaven did that chasm close. The sweat of agony is the price of purification. 'Via crucis via lucis:' the way of the cross is the way of light. The bodies of brave men, sown thick in the furrows of war, are the seed from which springs enduring national life. That is the costly price we pay for the glory of an un- broken republic. '•From the soil stained with their blood has sprung the consummate flower of impartial freedom, equal laws, a common birthright, a perpetual nationality, au enduriug destiny, one name. These comrades fell that the na- tion might rise with the resurrection of a nobler, fuller humanity. They died that liberty might live. Every forward step, every new right gained for the race, has been reached through human blood and pain. Thus mankind moves onward. HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 227 " Had these, our biotliers, not set their breasts a living barricade against the iron hail of war, where would this nation be to- day? The index of civilization wonld have been turned back on the dial of the world. The republic broken in twain, dismembered exhausted by a fierce civil war, demoralized by the loss of its unity and name, would have become in the eyes of the European world like Mexico or Chile. " What foreign power cares for a nest of little jealous States like South America? But those who are careless of a hundred sparrows learn to respect the mighty eagle. Our fallen brothers won for themselves a grave, for us a country. They fell in the field, died in the hospital, wasted in the prison, that American union and American freedom might not per- ish from the earth. They crystallized the Declaration of Independence into organic law and fact. Through the glittering stars on onr shield we read the grand result — not a State lost, not a slave breathing on our soil, the press free, education universal, the school- house and the church side by side everywhere — all the children of one nation. " We are to-day not only united but welded ; bound together from ocean to ocean by links of iron and fastened to the central heights with a silver tie and a spike of gold. The streams that roll from the north spin and weave, grind our corn and hammer our iron in their swift passage to the sea: the field and plantations now grow whiter than before with a richness that intelligent labor inspires, while the worker mingles with the sound of well requited toil the sweeter. " The past is settled, and so settled that never again on our soil shall hostile graves be closely dug for miles and filled with Amer- ican dead. The citizens soldiers died not only for the blood-bought land, but for the world. The might of our victorious example pushes England forward toward an enlarged franchise, free schools, a free church and justice to the sister nation of Ireland a half century earlier than otherwise she would. Prussia, Protestant Prussia, her bayonets pointed with thought, has smitten down des- potic Austria and torn the diadem from France. Resurrected Italy gathers round a new and better Rome. Imperial Russia lib- erates her serfs. China and Japan, the old- est of the dynasties of time, reverse the order of the sun's rising and take from us, the youngest of the nations, their first lessons in the civilization of the time. Yet what has been achieved is as the green and tender blade of wheat whicli waves in the field to-day com- pared with the heavy-headed grain which will bend in golden ripeness in the coming har- vest time. O Liberty! Liberty! All the com- ing ages are thine own, and the blood of our brothers has not been shed in vain. " Yet a day and a great nation bows in reverence at the tomb of its patriotic dead. A mighty people minglegarlands with the ashes of its buried defenders, in token that their memory sweetly blossoms from the dust. The sun will look down over a tenth of the wide world, upon the sacred communion of the republic with the spirits of its preservers. From shore to shore of the two great oceans 228 HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. Freedom's sons turn with bated steps to the last resting places of Freedom's martyrs. From countless hills and valleys ascends the music to the martial dirge. Chaplets and wreaths crown ail of virtue that could die of our valiant host. The measured cadence of the memorial gun, answering from city to city and from State to State, stirs the heart of the laud. The national banner, heavy with the symbols of our loss, canopies the tombs of those who upheld it, even to the shadow of death. The soldier tread of veterans re- calls the scene in which those whose memory we revive to-day acted so well their part. "They sleep, that silent host; some with their kindred dust, others under the sod of Virginia, beside the rocks of the Alleghanies, and on all the red fields from the peninsula to the Appomattox; from Gettysburg to the gulf. They sleep at Arlington, at Shiloh, at Andersonville, in the wilderness, in the romantic southwest, and all along the great march from Atlanta to the sea. In an espe- cial manner we were in fellowship with those who rest from their labors; yea, and we are in fellowship with them still. To us they will always be what they can not be to those who were not permitted to share with them, as we did, the days, the scenes and experiences that made us comrades. " Tlie glorious fraternity of the camp, the march, the battle, the trenches, the vigils that wearied out the stars, can not be dissolved by death. Those of our companions in war who have halted and lain down in the bivouac that no trumpet shall disturb are yet of us and so forevermore will be. We are again in the dust of the charging column, in the rifle pits, or on the raid. "We hear once more the shriek of the shell and the thrilling notes that sound the charge. We know, as others can not, how our fallen brothers suf- fered, fought and fell. By the beating of our hearts we feel their spirits with us to- day, and we breathe a vow, like Lincoln, reg- istered in heaven, that so far as in us lies they shall not have died in vain. " Our army is marching on. Slowly but surely moves the long array. As one by one we pass the picket at the gates of death, our lessening ranks will mark the flight of time till the last veteran totters from the field. Yes, the hour hastens when at the order of our great commander we must follow our de- parted comrades. Every year our lines are thinning, our numbers growing less. When a few more summers shall have passed but a handful of bent and aged men will be left to represent the Grand Army of the Republic and to repeat the dirge of the dead. Next they, too, will be mustered out and the sav- iors of America will be numbered with the brothers who have gone before, and even the graves whei-e they sleep will disappear. But ere the story of their valor dies out, or the result of their heroism ceases to uplift man- kind, the rivers by which they sleep will be dry and the mountains where they fought will be level with the plains. " And the women of 1861 — wives, sisters, mothers — who can say enough of their devo- tion? Their ministrations, counsels, gifts, HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. gave hope in the darkest hours. The hands that never tired were women's hands, when for the soUliers they knit and sewed and rolled the lint, while their tears fell fast on their work. A hundred hospitals were filled by them with comforts and luxuries, which no hospital ever had before. Others went to the front to nurse the sick and the wounded and comfort the dying, and she whose shadow English soldiers bent to kiss in the Ci'imean hospitals was not more revered than they. Untold were their griefs, for death entered every wliere; on all sides were home circles broken, hearts bereft and dear ones gone. I believe that for every drop of blood shed on the battle field, a tear-drop fell on a distant pillow; and for every pulseless breast at the front there was a broken-hearted woman at the hearthstone far away. " Finally we would cast a glance of frank brotherly sympathy toward the graves of those who died fighting against us. They were as sincere as we. They acted up to the measure of their light as we to ours. If they conld come back, they would be one with us to-day. It was their fate, not their fault, to be drawn into the dreadful vorte.x of war. There was a Providence in all that terrible past, and in the madness that precipitated the conflict both sides were but working out the will of the Over-Soul. The providences of battle are the arrangements of God. Tiie old flag with its growing family of stars is now the ensign of the South also, and the valor of the Southern army, and the military genius and generalship of its chiefs, fill an imperishable and heroic page in our country's annals By the flow of the inlaad river, Whence the tleetsof iron have fled, Where tlie blades of the new grass quiver, Asleep are the ranks of the dead. Under the sod and the dew, Waiting the judgment day, Under the one the blue, Under the other the gray. These ia the robing of glory. Those in the gloom of defeat, All, with the battle blood gory, In the dusk of eternity meet. Under the sod and the dew, Waiting the judgment day. Under the laurel the blue. Under the willow the gray. No more shall the war cry sever, Or the winding river be red ; They banish our anger forever, When they laurel the graves of our dead. Under the sod and the dew. Waiting the judgment day. Love and tears for the blue. Tears and love for the gray. "The sentiments of the foregoing can be taken to the hearts and the homes of both ' the blue and the gray,' for the pen picture is one that applies equally to them and ap- peals to the heart of every true American soldier and citizen." The following accounts of the Memorial day services in the city of Dallas, May 30, 1887, and May 30, 1890, are copied from old issues of the local press. On the former occasion the memorial address was delivered by Colonel W. D. Wylie, who "wore the blue," and on the latter by Colonel W. L. Crawford, who " wore the gray," thus show- ing that "grim-visaged war has hid her bra- zen front" and the winged angel of peace again hovers over the land. 230 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. MEMORIAL DAY OF MAT 30, 1887. This Memorial day, which is observed throughout the length and breadth of the Union, from the snow-capped mountains of Alaska to the flowery glades of Florida, and from ocean to ocean, dawned clear, and was duly regarded by botli the blue and the gray, who blended in the decoration of the graves of their dead as one common people of the land of the free and the home of the brave. This morning ex-Federal and ex-Confed- erate soldiers gathered at the headquarters of the George H. Thomas Post to take part in the ceremonies. The large float, bearing a pyramid of thirty-eight lovely girls, dressed in white trimmed with red and blue, a com- bination of the national colors, holding bas- kets of flowers, attracted much attention. The float was elaborately decorated, and Miss Hattie Stover, who gracefully represented Texas, sat at the apex of this pyramid of beauty. The young ladies who represented the other States were: May Parnell, Minnie Graham, Susan Acton, Mollie Stover, Mary Graham, Nettie Stover, Dora Burgan, Ida Stover, Edith Norton, Eustice McCormick, Rosa "Warden, Veneda Tazell, Vina Glenn, Ida and Ada Jenkins, Lena Cottmau, Ruth Kelly, Delia Harold, Nettie Clark, Susie Montgomery, Lena Lap pell, Maggie Burget, Lena Lawson, M. Greelun, Lotta Dillard, Fannie Amos, Mana Meeley, Lena Harold, Willie Hall, Elma Bly, Kate Stearcy, May Adams, Minnie Meeley, Sue Meeley, Lena Otto, Mattie and Mary Ramsey. The march was taken up in the following order to the Trinity cemetery at eleven o'clock, under Colonel W. D. Wylie and Col- onel Ewing, grand marshals of the day: Band of music. Ex-Confederate soldiers. G. H. Thomas Post and ex-Federal soldiers. Float with thirty-eight young ladies repre- senting an unbroken Union of thirty-eight States, with baskets of flowers. Military organizations of the city. Civic societies. Carriages with city and county officers. Carriages with citizens. A salute was fired by Battery Crawford over the grave of Colonel L. M. Lewis, who fought in the Confederate cause, and also over the grave of Captain White, who fought on the Federal side. The other cemeteries were visited and the graves garlanded. After services at the cemeteries and gar- landing the graves of the dead, memorial services are being held at the City Park pa- vilion. A large crowd was present. The memorial address was delivered by Colonel W. D. "Wylie, past department com- mander department of Texas, G. A. R. COLONEL WTLIE's ADDRESS. "To-day we meet again to pay a loving tribute to those of our comrades in arras, who, nearly a quarter of a century ago, marched side by side with us in the vigor of youth and young and patriotic manhood, and who, at the bugle call of the great Creator, have answered the roll call above, and to-day we all realize that the number of comrades who remain are growing smaller day by day. Our HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 331 heads are growing gray, and many of our comrades are growing feeble from age and exposure on the field of battle, while battling for the great principles of American liberty. As it will not be but a few years when there will be but two old soldiers — one who wore the blue and one who wore the gray — march- ing with sad and feeble steps to the cities of the dead on this sacred day, strewing the rose and the lily over the last one of their departed comrades, we of to-day cannot but realize that it is within ourselves to foster and keep green the memory of our heroic dead. As we grow old we fully realize that the heroism of the past in the early history of the Government almost looks mythical to us, but to-day we are building, by our devo- tion to the memory of our comrades, a monu- ment that will last for ages in the hearts of future generations, who will look back with pride and shower blessings on their fore- fathers, who crowned themselves with a dia- dem of heroic deeds. Gone, but not forgot- ten; faded from view, but set like priceless jewels in the coronet of memory. "Memorial day! How much is embraced in those two significant words! Each rising mound but marks the spot where some loved one sleeps. 'Somebody's darling lies buried there.' We have garlanded their graves and wreathed with flowers each soldier's narrow bed. One held aloft the stars and stripes, the other grasped, with equal heroism, the stars and bars. During the dark days of bloody strife those brave men faced each other on fields of death, which made mothers weep and orphans wail, till all this blessed land of ours was bathed in tears. But when the olive branch of peace spread its loving foliage o'er our land it dispelled the dark and gloomy clouds of war, and broke the ])right and glorious day once more, and then those surviving met each other face to face and smoked the pipe of peace in one eternal truce. While we to-day with loving hands were garlanding the graves of our departed com- rades, we cannot help but feel that some sainted mother, long since gone beyond the great river of time, was spreading her angol wings over us in heavenly benediction on the loving services we were doing to the memory of some loving son, who sacrificed his life on the altar of his country. Our beautiful land has had its baptism, a baptism of blood, and we have come out cleansed and purified, and the soldier of America has risen like a Phce- nix from the ashes of his desolation and has achieved almost the acme of national great- ness, — but at what a sacrifice! To-day the soldier of the North and the soldier of the South mingle together their tears while pay- ing tribute to the memory of the heroic dead, whose glory, whose memory is the common heritage of America. And may all the heroic dead, whose dust lies scattered over the battle- fields and in many a flowery city of the dead, rest in eternal peace, and their spirits from the grand army above spread their loving wings over this land of peace, to secure which they, like the martyrs of old, laid down their lives on the altar of their country. The memory of a Grant, a Lee, a Mcl'herson, a 333 HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. Jackson, a Logan and a Johnston is a com- mon heritage to all, and the memorj of those illnstrious chieftains, who covered themselves with a mantle of glory contending for a prin- ciple which they believed to embody the grand principles of American liberty, belong to the bine and the gray alike. "We, of to-day, have lived to see the ani- mosities of the war die out, and the snow- white dove of peace spreading her wings over a free, contented and happy people, and we see the soldiers and chieftains of both armies marching side by side to the music of a re- united brotherhood. We behold great Con- federate leaders mourning at the death of great Union captains and soldiers of the Fed- eral armies, and today the soldiers of the Union army are sorrowfully placing flowery chaplets on the graves of their brave and great opponents. To-day we have no North, no South, no East, no West, but one common country, one common object, i. e., the paying tribute to our heroic dead. Children of the same family, attending in our youth divine services in the same tabernacle, lisping lov- ing words to the great God of love in our childhood at the same Sabbath-school, and finally separated in bloody strife by a bloody fratricidal war, we to-day feel that we are gathered once more around the old hearth- stone, and worship the God of our forefathers, sheltered and protected by one common flag. That there should have been for a time heart burnings and sectional animosities is but natural ; but now there has come to us, through the light of a renewed prosperity, a greater tolerance and a deeper respect, a hope for a grand national future to be transmitted to our children— born, it may be true, from the echoes of thousands of marching feet, from the heroic courage of many a battle- field, from the lonely cot in many a hospital. History has written on many a page the heroic bravery of the sturdy son of the North and the impetuous son of the sunny South alike, and we of the blue and the gray, for ourselves and our children, can thank the God of love that from the chilly clime of Alaska to tiie flowery everglades of Florida, from the Atlantic to the Jb*acitic, we are one free, undivided and happy people, and rever- entially kneel under one banner of universal liberty, and thank Divine Providence for our renewed prosperity and an unbroken Union. To you, my brothers and friends who wore the gray, I, who wore the blue, for myself and my old comrades in arms, can say with true and heartfelt sincerity that you have made a record for devotion to a principle, bravery on the field of battle and loyalty in time of peace that is worthy the emulation of the civilized world, and added an addi- tional luster to the stars that illuminate the written and unwritten record of the Ameri- can soldier; your record is ours and ours is yours, and when future generations look back your children and our children will have an equal pride in claiming that their forefathers were American soldiers. "1 see around me to-day a large attend- ance of ladies. The women of America ! What a halo of glory clusters around the HI STORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. brow of that greatest, that purest of God's great creation, whicli by the inacrnetisin of love throws tlie mantle of protection from the temptations wliicli surround the sterner sex, and, as in days of chivalry, to win whose love and approbation is the incentive to the great deeds of heroism which inspires the soldier to greater deeds of valor. " Looking back a centnry ago, to the the mothers of the Revolution which gave liberty to millions of oppressed people, you see to-day, in this fourth generation, the same heroic fortitude and devotion that character- ized the heroines of our early history. The heroism and bravery of the women who gave loving and brave encouragement to the American soldier during that terrible winter at Valley Forge has been transmitted to their children of the present generation, who are fit representatives of their heroic mothers. What soldier within the hearing of my voice can look back and not cherish the memory of some loving hand on the fevered brow of some comrade in arms, giving him words of encouragement and sympathy while lying wounded or helpless from disease in the hos- pital, while she lifted her hands in loving solicitude to the great father above, and lift- ing her eyes in heavenly benediction for the soul of some departed hero. History fails to record the equal of the women of America for heroic fortitude and moral bravery. Is it any wonder, then, that America should have produced a Washington, a Lee, a Grant, a a Jackson, a McPherson or a Johnston, and a host of other illustrious chieftains, when they drew from their mothers' breast the devotion to principle that has made every American woman a queen and every Ameri- can a sovereign ? I see around me to-day the little ones who are the future mothers of a race of sovereigns, who, by the immutable law of nature, will vie with if not excel their forefathers. May God bless and protect the women of America, is the heartfelt and sin- cere prayer of every soldier. "In conclusion, let us old soldiers, as was so eloquently and graphically described by Eev. Dr. Pierce yesterday in his memorial sermon, be able to say, when taps put out our lights and we hear tlie bugle call above, like St. Paul, 'We have made a good fight and are ready to depart.' Let us, while still in the field, bind in closer unity the bond of fraternal fellowship and keep pure and un- sullied as the driven snow the great banner of liberty and the unbroken Union for which so much brothers' blood was shed, and the veterans of the North and the veterans of the South will be found side by side, workincr in fraternal harmony for our country's good, and cherishing and keeping green the mem- ory of our departed comrades, leavino- such a memory as will be cherished and nurtured by the blessings of those we leave behind." MAT 30, 1890. The Memorial day exercises at the Trinity cemetery on this occasion were a success. Promptly at 10 a m., the procession moved from the G. A. R. hall down Elm and up Main street. W. F. Cottman acted as mar- shal of the day. 234 HISTORY OF DALLAS COONTY. At the cemetery, where a large concourse of citizens helped very materially to swell the throng already thereof theG. A. R. men, ex-Confederates and the woman's relief corps, the exercises were conducted in a hollow square around the G. A. R. cemetery lot, which is fourty-four feet square, raised about one foot above the surrounding ground, planted in Bermuda grass and surrounded by a row of brickwork live or six inches high. The exercises which were had around this plat consisted first of the ritual programme of the Grand Army of the Republic, beginning the reading of general orders from national and department headquarters by the acting Adjutant for the day. Comrade E. G. Rust. An opening address by Commander J. M. Steere was followed by vocal music, " Rest, Spirit, Rest," by Messrs. Cole, Harris, Bolles and Cornett, a quartette of Dallas gentlemen, who kindly volunteered their voices for the occasion. Prayer was offered by Comrade Isaac B. Gibson, chaplain for the occasion. A volunteer bass solo by Mr. Cole followed this, and then the firing of the usual military burial salute by the Dallas light artillery, with music by the martial band. The decoration of the soldiers' graves by the members of the woman's relief corps, assisted by the children, was a solemn and impressive ceremony, beautiful in design and execution. The graves numbered but five on the plat, and not only these, but every other old soldiers' grave in the cemetery was decorated, which had previously been desig- nated by a miniature flag of the United States. During all the exercises, two color-bearers occupied the center of the plat, with the stars and stripes and the flag of the George H. Thomas Post. The entire programme was carried out with precision and in good feel- ing, and the ex-Confederates present were pleased with what they saw and heard. The line of march, going, was arranged to be on tiie street-car line leading to the ceme- tery, so that if an old soldier was compelled to fall out on the march the street car could carry him along. The arrangement of the hollow square around the cemetery lot during the exercises gave all an opportunity to see the exercises and hear every word spoken. The quartette club, the burial salute and the military band added much to the occasion. Many ladies of Dallas were present and expressed themselves as pleased with the exercises. After the singing of "America" by the entire audience present, the exercises closed to meet at the city park at 5 p. m. to hear the public speaking. Colonel W. L. Crawford, the orator of tiie day, made a ringing speech, in the course of which he said: "Who could have told twenty-five years ago that on the plains of Texas would have assembled to-day men proud of their national pagtjs, who followed the standards of Grant and Logan and those that fought beneath the banners of Lee and Jackson? And yet it is so. We look into one another's faces to-day. We are no longer Federals and Confederates. We are the mightiest race of people into U I STORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 335 whose handa the God of the inevitable ever gave control of the destinies ol' nations or men, wrung from the Anglo-Saxon, Norman and Celts — a people born to rule wherever thej may be domiciled. I rejoice in the se- renity of this day. 1 rejoice that a reunited people speak of Lincoln in words of blessing. Mothers whose eons yielded up their lives in the hopeless cause of the Confederacy owe their misfortune not to Lincoln, from whose lips an unkind or bitter word never sprung, whose heart in the midst of the most terrible and trying ordeal of war eternally and ever- more overflowing with the milk of humanity. Whether in shedding tears over the remains of the gallant Ellsworth; or whether we hear the words of cheer he spoke to the men of the army of the republic on the Held of Gettysburg, Lincoln stands the same, a phil- osopher, statesman and hero. For myself, although I have turned the mile post of the history of life, I would shoulder arms again rather than see the chains of slavery put upon limbs. I would tight for the flag of my country again rather than see this union of states dissolved. I rejoice tiiat tlie institutions of slavery are dead. (Applause.) 1 rejoice that this is an indissoluble union of indestruct- ible States, and I trust in God that it may always be perpetual to sliow to what lofty heights, what broad eminence, the Anglo- Sa.xon race under free institutions may attain. " 1 rejoice, too, at our development. I rejoice that the little girls and boys of this generation are taught to reverence the graves of the fallen heroes of both armies. I rejoice in this because it keeps afresh in this country memories of the men and women of the he- roic times of our war that ought not to perish. (Applause.) I regret that it could be found in the heart of any one to say that the sacri- fices of the women of the North or South in the time of war should have been forgotten. (Applause.) I tell you that the spirit of the departed men of this country when they placed arms in the hands of their sons, and of the women who, with their own delicate hands and with their eyes bathed in tears, made the flag and gave it into tiie keeping of their sons, saying, 'Go, my boy, carry this flag where honor bids, and come back with it or upon it,' ought not to be forgotten. (Ap- plause.) " We are charged with preserving and maintaining free institutions. Is there a man here who carried a musket that does not re- member some blessing from woman's lips that followed him from the old hearthstone to the battlefield? Is there one here who suffered with wounds in the hospital or on the field that has not occasion to gratefully remember the tender office of some blessed woman? Our cliildren ought not to be per- mitted to forget them. Then you do a ser- vice to jour country and justice to your owu feelings of virtue when the mothers of to-day lead their little children and watch them strew flowerg around tiie graves of fallen he- i-oes of both armies. The war, with its dis- asters to the cause in which the hopes of my young manhood were wrapped, and in which I offered my best efforts, ended leaving no HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. stain on me. I rejoice at its results. I meet my brother man of the Federal army. I do not feel humiliated or degraded. Then I stood for my country as he stood by his; I stood for Texas, the State whose lone-star flag as a republic sheltered me in my infancy. I owe it to that State, my country. I fought for Texas as you fought for Massachusetts or New York. (Applause.) In these times of peace we meet in good fellowship, each re- joicing that in the other he finds the hero worthy of his steel. How measure the glory of Gettysburg, of Fredericksburg, or of the last charge, where the current wave of seces- sion and rebellion reached its height? By the resistance it overcame. If the armies under Grant, Thomas and Logan had fought cowards, would Grant, Thomas and Logan and the brave men who stood beside them be entitled to the name of heroes? No one earns credit for striking a cripple; no man earns credit in this day for overcoming a foe not worthy of his steel. The unconquerable courage of the Confederate soldier made the glory of the Federal general. When we remember Grant let us look at him as a hero, let us see him as he handed back the sword to Lee. Place that to his credit. As we look to Lincoln let us remember every kind and generous act he did — that greatest of great men — and when you, my men of the Grand Army of the Republic, think of the Confederacy, remem- ber only her suffering and all that she lost in that most terrible of wars. Slavery abolished, 1 rejoice with you in these things; but do not charge that which luade heroes in bitter- ness to us. It was well that the war came when it did; that it was fought by the men who fought it and that it ended as it did end. We performed our duties faithfully and well, and we are thankful that there came from it a higher salvation — a better promise than the man who participated in it ever dreamed of. We can all rejoice in this day, returning as it will return blessed by the people of this country. May it, as each one of those here passes beyond the river to that eternal camp- ing ground, be an incentive to the closer union of the people of this country! " We are to-day the superior of the earth. Let this inspire every American heart of to- day. This 65,000,000 of people, blessed as we are with our free institutions, located as we are, upheld by the strong arm of our Government, can defy the civilization of the world to put foot upon these grounds and conquer or harm us. (Applause.)" TRINITY RIVER NAVIGATION. While many skiffs and canoes had traversed the Trinity from Dallas to its mouth from the earliest settlement of the county, no steamboat had ever arrived at Dallas over this stream until in May, 1868, when Captain J. H. McGarvey and wife, with Philip Dugin, engineer, and one hand, arrived in a steamer called "Job Boat No. 1:" dimensions, 66 X 20 feet, bearing twenty-six tons' bur- den. This boat was licensed as the law re- quired to traverse the waters on Galveston and its tributaries. HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 237 Mr. McGarvey was induced to steam up tlie Trinity to Dallas, for the sum of $500, paid him bj' the citizens of Dallas. After this boat remained at Dallas for many days, several of the citizens of Dallas took a trip down the Trinity in it as far as Mount East Fork. McGarvey, as he progressed on this trip, discoursed to the citizens how the chan- nel of the river should be cleaned out in order to make the river navigable. On reaching Bois d'Arc island, about thirty miles by water of the two chutes that surrounded the island, McGarvey recommended that the main raft should not be interfered with, but that one chute should be closed and the other opened. It was so done, and it has ever since borne the name of " McGarvey's Pass." After this the citizens became very enthu- siastic over the navigation of the Trinity river, and a boat was built and launched in 1869, with dimensions eighty-seven feet in length, by eighteen wide. It bore the name of •' Sallie Haynes," named after Mrs. Gov- ernor BarnettGibbs, daughter of Mr. Ilaynes, one of the leading merchants of the city, then the belle of Dallas, and one of the most beautiful young ladies of Texas. Subsequently a memorial was circulated over the counties bordering on the Trinity, between Dallas and the Galveston, asking the legisla- ture to make an appropriation of $75,000 to remove the obstructions from the river, over- hanging timber, etc. This memorial was placed in the hands of the Internal Improve- ment Company, during Governor Edmund J. Davis' adtninistration, and a bill was pre- 17 pared to meet the wishes of these citizens; but the legislature at that time being wild on railroad building, the bill, to use Colonel W. C. WoitTs language, " fell asleep in the hands of the committee, and has slept until this day." A memorial was also presented to the members of the constitutional convention at the city of Austin, Texas, in 1869, of which the following is a copy: " To the Honorable President and members of the Constitutional Convention, now in session at the city of Austin: "Your memorialists, citizens of the county of Dallas, respectfully represent to your honorable body that the recent arrival of the steamboat Job Boat No. 1, Captain J. H. McGarvey, master, at the town of Dallas, establishes the fact that the Trinity river may be successfully navigated from the city of Galveston to the town of Dallas for six months annually, by the expenditure of a small sum of money in removing snags, leaning timber, and other obstructions between the town of Dallas and the mouth of East fork. An experienced steamboatman of twenty years' practice has proposed to citizens of Dallas county to remove all the obstructions in the river between the above designated points, so that boats of sufficient capacity to carry live hundred bales of cotton can be run on the river to Dallas for four months in the year, for the sum of five thou-^and dollars in specie. A project promising advantages so great to every department of industry and enterprise should demand the especial attention, not only of the people of Dallas county, but of the whole State. The benefits flowing to the people of Dallas county from the success of such an enterprise are not to be measured or 238 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTr. estimated l)y the small sum proposed to be expended; in fact, they are beyond enumera- tion, to the State, of opening up to success- fnl navigation a stream penetrating her inte- rior a distance of seven hundred miles from the seaboard, securing tlie rapid settlement of millions of acres of rich and fertile lands by thrifty and enterprising emigrants, which are now lying idle and yielding but little reve- nue to the State, and none to the owner. The saving in the single item of pine lumber in one year will fourfold repay the amount ex- pended, besides the advantage of the great re- daction in prices in the items of salt, sugar, iron and other articles of necessary consump- tion. The immense pineries of the counties of Anderson, Houston, and Walker, arealmost valueless in their present condition, because of the slow and expensive means of trans- portation to the prairies, where every descrip- tion of pine lumber is in constant demand. Navigation to Dallas, three months annually, would reduce the price of pine lumber one- half, thereby bringing it within the reach of every farmer to supply himself for the im- provement of his farm and home. "To raise the money by private contribution would naturally become onerous upon those who are determined upon the success of the enterprise, while those, for reasons whether selfish or otherwise, refusing to contribute, would reap an equal benefit. Therefore, your memorialists are impressed that a more proper and just course would be to levy a sufficient tax upon the property in Dallas county to raise the sum of live thousand dol- lars in specie, and as the citizens in the town of Dallas have signified their willingness, let the tax be so levied that one-third of the whole amount sliall be paid by those owning property within the corporate limits of said town. Your memorialists are aware that more properly this petition should be presented to the legislature when it assembles, but the delay of such a course would compel the loss of the advantao-es at least one season, and perhaps more, the importance of which needs only to be mentioned to commend its reason. Feeling that you will not hesitate to act in a public matter of so much magnitude, and especially when those to be burdened are asking the action, we therefore ask your hon- orable body to pass an ordinance authorizing the police court of Dallas county to levy and collect a tax of five thousand dollars in specie upon on all property in Dallas county sub- ject to ad-valorem taxation, said tax to be assessed upon the schedules or lists rendered to the assessor for the year 1868, said money to be expended under the direction of the police court in removing the obstruc- tions in the Trinity river, between the town of Dallas and East fork. Provided, that one- third of the amount shall be collected from property situated within the corporate limits of the town of Dallas; and provided further, that the tax levied shall not be more than twenty cents on the hundred dollars, except on property within the corporate limits of the town of Dallas, which may be taxed as high as sixty cents for each hundred dollars. Dallas, Texas, June 4, 1868. "Ben Long, M. Thevenet, J. A. Freeman, John Davis, Henry Noetzli, Jacob Vogel, Henry Brannon, Wesley Brannon, John Poin- dexter, J. Pinckuey Thomas, Henry Boll, John Boll, John F. Barbier, Win. A. Hartze, Joshua Addington, John L. Pyles, H. C. Caldwell, D. J. Capps, Thos. J. Brown, W. W. Peak, T. A. Wilson, J.J. Applin, Ed. C. Browder, J. B. Louckx, J. H. Wilson, J. W. Gall)reath, M. G. Pitts, T. J. Pitts, Howard Mercer, U. D. Jones, F. F. Green, Thos. S. Moore, R. W. Daniel, B. B. Howell, Daniel niSTOHY OF DALLAS GOV NT Y. 239 Cornwell, TUos. II. Nance, Jolin King, Sam. King, J. Peak, Jas. Galbreath, A. J. Gonffe, L. Von Gronderbeek, Otto Frick, F. L. Beling, L. P. Hauser, Jacob Vogel, Jiilicn Roverchon, Win. Jackson, Jacob Tiler, Jas. C. Miller, S. H. I'eeman, F. L. Cbtirignon, J. D. Keaton, N. T. Johnson. W. A. Ilar- wood, J. M. Braun, E. W. Field, A. L. Gar- nett, Martin Riggs, Win. Irwin, Win. B. Cole, S. Mayer, Wrn. A. Riggs, W. H. Saunders, F. Davis, Win. D. Waters, E. T. Myers, R. L. Sears, Frank M. Cox, Newton Hutchen, W. Von Gronderbeek, Alexius Barbier, ¥. Priot, G. Poitevin, J. Nusbau- iner, M. Livy, J. McGoininas, Clias. G. Vin- gard, Allen Collins, N. B. Owen, R. B. Gan- naway, Jas. Winters, E. G. Bower, J. K. P. Record, N. M. Burtbrd, T. G. T. Kendall, W. H. Ragsdale, J. M. Richards, Jonathan Petty, J. W. Bumpass, A. Peinberton W. M. L. Hall, J. W. Everett, Jas. O. Thomas, J. D. Iverfoot, W. Mays, John Chenault, John Coit, J. W. Cobb, T. B. Scott, II. L. Hicks, S. S. Jones, Sara. Dunaway, Isaac Jones, Enoch Strait, J. M. Martin, Isaac B. Webb, W. D. Chapman, Isaac Bates, Joseph Bigler, Raleigh C. Martin, R. D. Coughanour, Jas. H. Field, J. C. Drake, Jr., W. F. Flewellen, D. J. Ellis, J. K. White, Chas. R. Pryor, E. E. Russell, John P. Isbell, S. B. Stone, J. J. Beeman, J. M. Pruitt, J. W. Miller, H. C. Smidt, Amon McCouunas, W. J. Pruitt, F. N. Humphreys, J. P. Beeman, L. B. Sands, F. F. Ball, Tom Johnson, Jas. Mc- Commas, Andrew Pruitt, Q. J. H. Smith, T. J. Jackson, J. Jeffries, Lewis Pyles, G. L. Blewett, J. T. Corcoran, J. R. Fondren, J. B. Lowery, Geo. White, W. T. Gill, G. W. Hatter, Sam. Uhl. A. S. Clark, N. R. Fondren, George Marier, W. Cotton, John Caudle, R. S. Guy, Wm. Waters, John Har- vey, Jerry Snow. In 1873 the legislature did grant a subsidy in land certificates of 10,000 acres per raile to Captain Poitevant, a steamboat captain, and he removed the overhanging timbers and snags on the river as far as Magnolia, in Anderson county. At this point he stopped. He received, however, his certificates for land on contract, for his services. As many as fifty steamboats ran continuously from 1852 to 1874, up the Trinity river as high as Trinidad in Kaufman county, also to Porter's Bluff in Ellis county. A live shipping busi- ness of cotton of general freight was carried on. In the '70s, however, the railroads be- gan to traverse the country and, under ex- citement over the rapid travel over these avenues of commerce, attention to navigation was lost; and so greatly were the people ab- sorbed over the rapid transportation of rail- roads and the strides of business generally that the idea of traversing the Trinity river with steamboats seemed absolutely absurd. But some of the pioneer settlers, knowing the history of the past, knew the idea per- fectly feasible and continued to encourage efforts in that direction. Colonel W. C. Wolff was the leading spirit to revive this interest lately excited among the citizens of Dallas. Having failed at sev- eral public meetings in Dallas to get a hear- ing, proposing the feasibility of the naviga- tion of the Trinity, he finally succeeded in getting the attention of the Board of Trade of the city. At this hearing he aroused at- tention to say the least, and since then a live interest has been manifested by some of 240 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. the most influential citizens of the city. Among those most active are Captain Sidney Smith, Captain J. Piuck. Thomas, Coh)nel D. 0. Mitchell, Colonel J. B. Simpson, Colonel Henry Exall and Hon. John H. Cochran and numerous others. In July, 1890, JohnH. Cochran, J. Pinck. Thomas and W. C. Wolff secured a charter for a company known as " The Trinity Navi- gation and Improvement Company;" capital stock $100,000; shares $100 each. The fol- lowing were the charter members: J. Pinck. Thomas, James Arbuckle, A. L, "Watts, B. M. Bond, W. 11. Lemmons, C. E. Perry, J. H. Webster, Hugh Blakeney, D. C. Mitchell, W. C. Wolff. John H. Cochran, president; Sidney Smith, vice-president; James B. Simpson, treasurer. This company built a steamboat 64 feet long and 12 feet across the deck, and launched it in the fall of 1891. It drew only seven inches light, and estimated to be 300-barrel capacity. It was used in cutting away ob- structions from Dallas to Liberty, Texas. It is used at this time in shipping railroad ties to Riverside for the use of the International & Great Northern Railroad Company. This company, at a public meeting in Dallas, agreed to give away to a new company. Ef- fective service is now being done to get the United States to make this a navigable stream. The citizens have succeeded in arousing interest in Captain Flatau, an experienced and able steamboatman in the enterprise, and considerable attention has been excited gener- ally. The following is an account of a meet- ing held in Dallas, February 2, 1892, and as publisiied in the Dallas News: The meeting in the auditorium of the city hall yesterday on the navigation of the Tri- nity river was largely attended, upward of 200 persons being present. Hon. John H. Cochran occupied the chair, and Mr. Leo Wolfson, secretary of the board of ti'ade, jier- formed the duties of secretary. Addressing the meeting, the chairman said it was not necessary to argne the importance of the na- vigation of the Trinity river to the future of Dallas. The undertaking, he proceeded, was neither visionary nor of recent birth. John Neely Bryan pitched his tent where Dallas stands because he considered it the head of navigation, and the only obstacle to navi- gation regarded by the early settlers was the raft at Bois d'Aro island, which to-day, with the aids and instrumentalities of science, could easily be removed. The last effort looking to the navigation of the river was the taking out of a charter last July to that end. In addition to the resources of tlie company had they available $500 cash, $100 worth of dynamite and $10 worth of coal oil, the river would now be navigable down to the raft. He recited the operation of the company in buildincra boat and clearing the river. With the aid of the people of Dallas the river, he asserted, would soon be navigated to the gulf and Dallas declared a water point. (Applause.) Captain Ballard, commander of the Sallie Haynes, a Trinity river steamboat, named after Mrs. Barnett Gibbs; Captain Beeman, the pilot of that boat; Judge James Bently, U I STORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. 341 commander of Job Boat No. 1, which had successfully navigated the Trinity; Captain L. S. Flatau, of Pittsburg, Texas, who navi- gated the Trinity for years, and Jndge A. B. Norton, the veteran editor at the Three Forks, were invited to seats on the platform. Captain Flatau, who at short distance looks like a man of thirty-five, but over whose head forty-eight summers have rolled, addressed the meeting by invitation. He had, he said, navigated the Trinity for along time without noticeable trouble, and he could not under- stand, in view of the bonanza offered by this water course, why the people of Dallas did not take a livelier interest in opening it up to commerce, than which nothing was more practicable. The narrowness of the Trinity, he proceeded, is an argument in its favor; for whenever a steamboat gets into a river that she tills navigation is easy; but when the river is wide and shallow there is trouble. This part of the Trinity river in which you think a steamboat cannot get along is the easiest navigation of the river. 1 used to steam up to Liberty, and I believe that I am the first man who ever navigated down the river; and I was the first who ever carried Buck's headlight at the jackstaff. 1 have come to Magnolia in the night and never had any trouble. 1 commanded the Cage. Once they sent Colonel Tucker from Dallas to know if I would not bring the Cage up to Dallas. I left Galveston light at the tail of the season and came up in the neighborhood of Bois d'Arc island (al)out fourteen miles below Dallas). It was at the time of the year when there was but little water in the river, and if the river had stayed up I would have come to Dallas. There is not a better river in the south than the Trinity. If the importance that exists for the navigation of the Trinity from Dallas were to exist in Illinois the river would be at once navigated. Why, with less necessity the people of Illi- nois have cut a canal 200 miles, largely through rock. You have no bars in the Trinity and only a few shoals, which nature has meant as a bed for locks — Kickapoo, White Eock and Cannon Ball shoals. You cannot put locks in an alluvial soil, but here is a foundation laid by nature for them. Talk of snags! I have steamboated on the uppei* Missouri, where snags look like the bristles on a hog. Snags under the water line cut no figure. The people of Dallas cannot afford in these times to let such an opportunity pass. Like all other true Texans I would like to see Dallas grow to a great city. To that end you must have a freight rate that will encourage manufactures and that yon can acquire through the agency of the Trinity river. (Applause.) I would not ask better fun than to start from Galveston to Dallas with a well rigged boat if it were not for a few railroad bridges. All the rivers in the upper country are filled with boats, and if you will in a measure clear away the obstruc- tion in the Trinity river the owners of those boats will make an effort to trade here. The value of timber along this river can only be appreciated by those acquainted with it— pin oak, ash and hickory. I have plied the Trin- 242 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. ity river night and day, and we pulled throngh the rafts. With a quart of glyce- rine and telegraph connection the raft will disappear. Think of what the Government did above Jefferson. Below Bois d'Arc island the river is filled with raft. There are eight or nine clay bends. Put a dynamite can under one of those bends and the water will wash it out. It will cost $550 or $670 a mile to Galveston from Dallas to make the Trinity river navigable. All the railroads to-day are nearly dead for some excuse to give you a cut rate. (Applause.) If it were not for the interstate commerce commission you would have it to-day down to B flat. I re- present B. F. Avery & Sons, and if you could say to them here is a fifty per cent cut rate they would pull up from Fort Wortli to- morrow and give you $10,000 bonus. Contin- uing, the speaker said that while civil en- gineers had performed wonders in their pro- fession, practical pilots, men who knew how to cut and where to cut, were -the men needed to clean out the river. A civil engi- neer had reported on the great difficulty pres- ented at the mouth of the river. The speaker, when the river was low, steamed through the mouth, having lightered his cargo into two barges, which he towed to Galveston. By backing the enterprise, he said, the people of Dallas could count on half a dozen steam- boats entering here within two years. Mr. D. G. Mitchell — Yes; within one year. Captain Flatau spoke of the river above Jefferson as a spring branch compared with the Trinity, and he reminded his listeners that owing to the increased rainfall in the Panhandle country and all over north Texas there is more water now in the Trinity than when he navigated it. A dam at White Rock or Kickapoo Falls, if it should be found nec- essary for low water, would, he insisted, back water almost up to Dallas. Concluding, he said: If you push this thing as you should Dallas will be the greatest distributing and manufacturing point in tiie Soutb. Build a wall around Texas and we would not know that there was anybody elsewhere, such are our resources. The men in Dallas who own great brick blocks and annexes would be paid by digging a ditch to Galveston. (Ap- plause). Colonel W. C. Wolff offered the following resolutions and they were unanimously adopted : Resolved, That a committee of ten, com- posed of two members of the County Commis- sioners court, two members of the City Coun- cil, two members of the Board of Trade and four members of the Trinity River Navigation and Improvement Company, be appointed to formulate and present the most feasible plan for the early reopening to navigation of the Trinity river from Dallas south to the county line. That all the counties bordering on the Trinity river from Dallas to the Gulf of Mexico be requested to consider our common interest in this enterprise and give their aid to this movement either by taking stock in the Trinity river navigation and improvement company or by giving lands and donations in money. That all of said counties and all friends of the enterprise be requested to urge upon our representatives in Congress the importance of HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 243 making a reasonable appropriation to utilize this highway to the sea in order to develop the resources of the Trinity valley. The chair appointed the following com- mittee under the resolutions: From the City Council— Aldermen Webster and Harris; from the County Commissioners' Court— Judge Bower and T. B. Fisher; from the Board of Trade— S. W. S Duncanand John II. Taylor. From the Trinity River Navigation and Im- provement company — Sydney Smith, J. P. Thomas, C. E. Perry and D. C. Mitchell. The committee retired, and during their absence the meeting was entertained by Judge A. B. Norton, Judge Bentley, F. N. Oliver and General Gano with short ad- dresses. Judge Norton said that no State in the Union was so well provided with water-courses as Texas. The Trinity was misnamed. It should have been called the Rio Grande, be- cause it was the grandest river in Texas. In the early days of Texas, he said, speaking from recollection, all the cotton raised in the counties adjacent to this river was taken adown its bosom to Galveston. Legislature had given grand subsidies to railroads, but they did nothing for his great commercial highway. The speaker said that when he ran against Roger Q. Mills for Congressjthe main horse he rode was the navigation of rivers. He promised if elected to get a good appro- priation with which to put the Trinity in a good navigable condition. He was not elected and he has since been as one crying in the wilderness. Conclutling, Judge Norton said, and the sentiment was loudly cheered: Away with all party considerations; away with all divisions among men; stand shoulder to shoulder on the navigation of the Trinity river. It matters not who gets hold of the public teat. He only helps himself; but he who works for improvement of the navigation of the Trinity river works to carry out the designs of God. Judge Bentley briefly reviewed his experi- ence as a Trinity river captain, and he heartily indorsed the movement looking to the return of the use of that river as a highway of com- merce. THE committee's REPORT. The committee appointed under the Wolff resolution presented the following report: We, the undersigned, your committee, beg to make the following report, to-wit: That whereas, the Trinity River Navigation and Improvement Company propose to open the Trinity river for navigation and thereby declare Dallas a water point, and propose at their own expense to canvass for and collect subscriptions for that purpose to be paid when Dallas is so declared a water point; And whereas, they propose to turn the said subsidies over to three trustees to be used for that purpose; now therefore, we recommend the acceptance of their proposi- tion and the election of the three trustees as mentioned, who shall receive all such funds and use the same in conjunction with the said Trinity Navigation and Improvement Company for the accomplishment of that ob- ject, returning to said Trinity Navigation and Improvement Company the remainder, if any, that may be left after said object lias been accomplished. It is also recommended that all citizens take stock in said Trinity River Navigation Company and that our members of Congress be instructed to at once take such action as they deem necessary to have Congress appro- priate $500,000 for improving the navigation of the Trinity river from Dallas to its mouth at Galveston. John II. Tkayi.ok, Chairman. 344 HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. The report was unanimously adopted. Colonel W. C. Holland, Captain J. P. Murphy and Captain W. H. Prather were elected trustees under the resolutions. The chair, speaking as president of the Trinity Navigation and Improvement Com- pany, said that the directory consisted of thirteen members, seven of whom would re- sign to give place to subscribers to stock. Colonel Holland suggested that Captain Flatau be at once sent to Washington to present the claims of the Trinity river before the River and Harbor Committee. Captain Flatau said he had received letters from Congressmen Abbott and Culberson, asking him what the improvement of the river would cost. He had replied to the com- munications. He was willing to do what he could in the premises. Arrangements were set afoot for Captain Flataii's trip to Washington, and the meeting then adjourned. The following is the bill upon the subject of the navigation of the Trinity river origi- nally introduced in Congress by Congressman Abbott April 28, 1892, and as reported by the committee on rivers and harbors and called up in the House of Representatives by Congressman Charles Stewart for Mr. Abbott, and passed in the House the 20th instant. There is no doubt about it passing the senate and becoming a law quite favorable indeed to this great Dallas enterprise: Mr. Stewart of Texas, from the Committee on Rivers and Harbors, reported the following bill in lieu of H. R. 8449: A bill to authorize the Trinity Navigation Company to open to navigation the Trinity river in the State of Texas. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of Amer- ica in Congress assembled. That the Trinity Navigation Company, a corporation created and existing under and by virtue of the gen- eral laws of the State of Texas, or its suc- cessors and assigns, be, and are hereby au- thorized and empowered to open to navigation the Trinity river in the state of Texas, from the town of Liberty to the city of Dallas, in said state, and to this end said company, its successors or assigns, are authorized to remove all logs and rafts and stones from the water bed of said river, as well as other obstruc- tions found in said river, so as to secure safe passage for such vessels as may navigate the same; said company is further authorized and empowered to construct such locks and dams as said company deem proper and nec- essary, and to do and perform any and all such acts and to make such improvements on said river and its banks as may be proper and necessary to secure safe navigation of said river at low water between the points named for steamboats having a draft of not less than three feet: Sec. 2. That in consideration of the labor and exipenae incurred and to be incurred i)y said Trinity Navigation Company in opening said river to navigation, the same is hereby authorized and empowered to charge and col- lect such tolls therefor as may be prescribed by the regulations that may be made from time to time by the secretary of the treasury of the United States. • Sec. 3. That within two years of the pas- sage of this act, said company shall begin the work of improving the navigation of said river, and shall proceed with said work as ex- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 245 pedltioiisly as possible until said work is com- pleted, ollierwifte the rights hereby granted shall be forfeited. Sec. 4. That the United States reserves the right at any time dnring the progress of the work on said river or at any time after the same is completed to take ciiarge of said river and the works of said company and in the exercise of this reserved right shall have the option of taking said works at their original cost, or at their actnal v-alue at the time of taking the same, and the actnal value thereof shall bn ascertained by three officers of the engineer corps of the array of the United States, to be appointed by the secretary of war; provided that, in estimating the valne of said works to be paid for by the United States, the franchise of said corporation re- sulting either from this act or derived by it from tlie State of Texas shall not be con- sidered or estimated. Seo. 5. That ttie right to collect tolls on said river under this act shall not accrue to said company until it shall have improved said river between the town of Buffalo, in the county of Anderson, in the State of Te.xas, and the city of Dallas, so that between said points, at the lowest stage of water, steam- boats having a draft of not less than three feet can navigate the same, and in no event shall tolls be charged for the use of said river below the town of Lil)erty, in Liberty county, in the State of Texas. RAILROAD FACILITIES. For any city to become a great commercial center she must have able means of transpor- tation either by water or railroad. Dallas in her earlier stages of city development, when she realized that it was possible for her to be- come the great metropolis of the State, began to exert every effort to secure the railroad line reaching through the southwest; and the first subsidy voted by this ambitious and en- terprising city, then comparatively small, was in 1872, prior to any prohibition by the State constitution to such subsidies given by a vote of the people which now exist, and was $100,000 to the Texas & i-'acific railroad, which was then being constructed westward from Texarkana. The shrewd and enterprising citizens then of Dallas, foreseeing the importance of having at this point the intersection of this gieat eastern and western line, and the Houston & Texas Central running north and south, which was at that time driving with rapid speed north from Houston into the Indian Territory, determined to use every means possible to have this intersection. So she was liberal in her donation, accomplished her aims and thereby in this happy arrange- ment made Dallas in many respects the rail- road city of north Texas. Being ambitions of attaining the propor- tions of a great city, she was yet unsatisfied, and even in those early days she had her eyes open to the importance of connection with the Panhandle and the great Northwest, and only a proposition haerintendent Waterworks, David Tichenor. Health Officer, J. L. Carter, M. D. Chief Fire Department, Tom Wilkerson. Ass't Chief Fire Dep't., Jolin Spellinan. Aldermen — John B. Louckx, W. F. John- stone, W. M. Edwards, A. M. Cochran, "W. L. Hall, L. S. Garrison, Sigmund Loeb, F. R. Rowley, K. J. Kivlen, C. U. Howell, D. Welch, Benjamin M. Good, J. M. Wendel- ken, G. V. Hughes. School Board — G. A. Gill, president; T. G. Terry, secretary; F. M. Ervay, John H. Jones, Henry J. Frees, E. P. Marshall, O. E. Linderman, Prof. J. T. Hand, super- intendent. APRIL, 1889. Mayor, W. C. Connor. City Judge, T. J. A. Brown. Aldermen — John Louckx, J. J. Gannon, W. C. Holland. Sigmund Loeb, K. J. Kiv- len, M. T. Cone, George V. Hughes, George Cole, J. M. Howell, William Bustrin, Will- iam Harris. School Directors — T. G. Terry, John Alder- hoflt, A. C. Ardrey, W. H. Lemmon, M. V. Cole. APRIL, 1890. Mayor, W. C. Connor. Mayor pro tern., Sigmund Loeb. City Attorney, A. P. Wozencraft. Ass't City Attorney, Mann Trice. City Auditor, F. R. Rowley. Secretary, W. McGrain. Treasurer, W. U. Gaston. City Judge, T. J. A. Brown. Clerk City Court, John T. Carter. Marshal, J. C. Arnold. Ass't Marshal, G. E. CornwelL Collector, J. C. Bogel. Assessor, Benjamin M. Melton. Engineer, D. A. Poynor. Sup't Waterworks, D. P. Mahony. Health Officer, W. R. Wilson, M. D. City Chemist, L. Myers Connor. Chief Fire Dep't, Tom Wilkinson. Ass't Chief Fire Dep't, Charles A. Clapp. Street Superintendent, J. S. Sphar. Aldermen — N. G. Turner, W. I. Logan, J. J. Gannon, J. J. Conroy, W. C. Holland, II. Hamilton, Sigmund Loeb, Samuel Klein, K. J. Kivlen, W. J. Brady, M. T. Cone, R. K. Lawther, George V. Hughes, B. F. Coflman, J. M. Howell, George C. Cole, William Bus- trin, William Harris, J. H. Webster, W. J. Keller, G. W. Crutcher, O. K. Harry, J. H. McClellan, J. W. Sanders. School Board— T. G. Terry, J. L. Peacock, John S. Aldehoff, W. B. Parry, D. G. Shelby, W. White, L. A. Wilson, W. II. Lemmon, M. V. Cole, John W. George, F. M. Ervay, James Ennison. APRIL, 1891. Mayor W. C. Connor Mayor pro tern • ■ • • O. K. Harry City Attorney A. P. Wozencraft 284 HISTORY OF DALLAS OOUNTY. Assistant City Attorney Mann Trice City Auditor J. F. Caldwell City Secretary W. McGrain City Treasurer W. H. Gaston City Judge Kenneth Force Clerk City Court John T. Carter Chief of Police J. C. Arnold Assistant Chief of Police . . . . G. E. Corn well City Collector J. C. Bogel City Assessor Benjamin M. Melton City Engineer D. A. Poynor Supt. Water Works D. P. Mahouey Health Officer CM. Kosser, M. D. City Chemist G. W. Grove, M. D. Chief Fire Department. . .Thomas Wilkinson Street Superintendent J. S. Sphar President City Council Samuel Klein Secretary W. McGrain Aldermen — N. G. Turner, W.J. Logan, J. J. Conroy, George T. Lack, H. Hamilton, G. A. Wight, Sigraund Loeb, Samuel Kline, K. J. Kivlen, C. H. Howell, M. T. Cone, E. R. Lawther, B. F. Cofinian, H. P. Lawther, S. J. Potter, F. P. Holland, William Bust- rin, William Harris, J. H. Webster, W. J. Keller, G. W. Crutcher, O. K. Harry, J. H. McClellan, J. R. Briggs. School Board— T. G.Terry, J. L. Peacock, John S. Aldehoff, W. " E. Parry, C. P. Smith, W. White, L. A. Wilson, John H. Yeargan, M. V. Cole, John W. George, F. M. Ervay, John Ennison. APEIL, 1892. Mayor W. C. Connor Mayor pro tern J. H. McClellan City Attorney A. P. Wozencraft Assistant City Attorney Mann Trice City Auditor J. F. Caldwell City Attorney W. McGrain City Treasurer W. H. Gaston City Judge Kenneth Force Clerk City Court John T. Carter Chief of Police J. C. Arnold Assistant Chief of Police. . . .G. E. Corn well City Collector J. C. Bogel City Assessor Joe Biakeney City Engineer D. A. Poynor Supt. Water Works J. M. Strong Health Officer V. P. Armstrong, M. D. City Chemist G. W. Grove, M. D. Chief of Fire Dept Thomas Wilkinson Street Superintendent J. S. Sphar Electrician J. M. Oram City Council, H. P. Lawther, President; W. Mc Grain, Secretary. Aldermen — W. J. Logan, Patrick O'Keefe, J. J. Conroy, George T. Lack, G. A. Knight, Custis P. Smith, Neal Starke, Charles Kahn, K. J. Kivlen, M. B. Loonie, M. T. Cone, M. J. P. Lacey, H. P. Lawther, C. A. Cour, George C. Cole, T. L. Lawhon, William Bus- trin, J. C. Woodside, J. H. Webster, W. J. Keller, Y. B. Dowell, O. K. Harry, J. H. McClellan, J. R. Briggs. Board of School Directors— T. G. Terry, president, first ward; C. A. Gill, vice-presi- dent, fifth ward; J. P. Vaughan, secretary, seventh ward; J. L. Peacock, second ward; J. S. Aldehoff, third ward; W. E. Parry, fourth ward; W. White, sixth ward; J. H. Yeargan, eighth ward; M. V. Cole, ninth ward; J. J. Collins, tenth ward; C. O. HISTORY OP DALLAS GOO NT V. 285 Wood, eleventh ward; H. G. Putinan, twelfth ward; T. G. Harris, superintendent. Taxable values $32,000,000 Nninber of school buildings 14 Number of school buildings in course of construction 5 Value of school properties $325,000 Number of teachers employed 96 Number of scholastic months 9 School fund available for 1892: State $35,397 County 2,500 City 40,000 City (special tax for buildings). . 80,000 Number of school children 7,886 POLICK DEPARTMENT. Of the various departments of the city of Dallas none of them are more perfectly or- ganized and more harmoniously regulated than the police department, and the excellence attained in the regulating of this department is due in a large measure to the ef^cient services of the chief of the department, J. C. Arnold. He has held this office of chief of police since 188^, and is thereby familiar with every locality of the city and its demands. He, with his able and congenial assistant, G. E. Cornwell, who has been in service in this department since 1884, has a force of police- men superior in every respect. This department of the city is required to hold court every morning. Kenneth Foree, the city judge, a gifted young man, was elected by a vote of the people, having been nominated by a convention in April, 1891, and 30 is exceedingly popular as judge of this court. John T.Carter is clerk, appointed. The charter gives to this court concurrent jurisdiction of misdemeanor with tiiat of the county court; and Judge Foree, being an able, active and talented judge, dispatches husinoss rapidly by holding court daily, thereby giving all pris- oners a speedy trial. As an evidence of what the cosmopolitan city of Dallas can do, and also to show re- ceipts of this department and expenses, we give the following statement from the chief of police in report of the liscal year ending April, 189^, taken in connection with that of the city judge: Number of arrests and cases docketed 5,374, convictions 3,547, cases transferred 328, amount of fines assessed $21,384. Amount of fines collected' $11,493, fees from stock pound $888.05, fees from dog pound $4, worked out by prisoners $4,337.50, stolen property recovered $11,925, transferred to higher courts $26,500; total $55,145.40. Expenses of this department: Expenses of stock pound $3,132.54, expenses of city pris- ons $3,209.03, expenses of police $39,524.85; total $45,866.52. LIST OF OFFICERS. Chief J. C. Arnold Assistant Chief E. C. Cornwell City Detective M. W. Kirby Assistant City Detective A. G. Peques (deceased, killed by accidental discharge of ills pistol). Clerk J. R. Cnmmings Station Keeper D. S. Arnold 286 BISTORT OP DALLAS COUNTY. Assistant Station Keeper Fat Mullens Pound Keeper T. J. McDaniel Stock Impounder R. P. Saunderson " " John Cornwell Patrol Driver Hugh McGuin " " Scott Hall Mounted Policemen — S. H. Beard, A. C. Waller, W. H. Ramsey, E. F. Gates. Patrolmen — J. P. Kehan, J. A. Beard, J. G. Alexander, A. P. Rawlins, J. S. Steele, Tom Rice, H. C. Lamar, J. M. Goddard, W. S. Farmer, R. H. Jordan, G. W. Garrison, S. J. Estelle, C. F. Durham, T. F. Martin, H. F. Magee, C. O. Brewer (lately deceased), Sterling Price, O. M. Rawlins, W. D. Webb, J. B. Riddle, W. H. Sheeley, P. N. Miner, J. S. Gunning, R. B. Gannaway, C.A. Daniel, J. O. Reilly, J. M. Shipley and B. F. Bran- denburg. Prison Guard William Johnson (Lately resigned, T. J. Miller and T. J. Early.) FIEE DEPAKTMENT. In June, 1873, a call was made in the Dallas Herald, then the daily paper of the city, for the citizens of the city of Dallas to come together and organize a volunteer iire company, as the city was not sufficiently large to support a company on salaries. A number of the most influential citizens responded, and an organization was effected; and T. J. Frank, now deceased, was elected chief and W. C. Connor, now mayor of the city, first assistant. After this company had existed for some time under Mr. Frank, an able and competent man for this position, W. C. Connor was elected chief and P. W. Linskie assistant. Mr. Connor served as chief for seven years. Under him the volunteer companies gained a most remarkable reputation for their enter- prise and superior excellence in work as tire- men. It is said his superior as a fireman, chief and executor could not be fonnd in the South. After his service of these companies as chief for seven years he resigned, much to the regret of all the citizens; but his excellent qualities as a leader were so impressed upon the public that they immediately promoted him to the position of major of the city, which he has held since 1887, and during which period Dallas has .made her greatest improvements and the most rapid strides to the proportions of a great city, the metropolis of the Statp. Mr. Conrjor was succeeded by Chas. Kahn, who ie ^t present a member of the city council, 3Ud during his term the department was con- verted into a paid department. After this was done, Thomas Wilkinson, through the influence and persuasion of P. W. Linskie, became a candidate for the position of chief, and was elected October 1, 1887. He has held this position ever since. Through him this department has attained a degree of excellence unsurpassed by any tire company in the United States. He is a gentleman of rare ability for the business. His father hav- ing been chief engineer in the voluntary tire department in Baltimore, Maryland, when he was a young man, and instructed him in the work; also having served the volunteer depart- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 287 ment here in Dallas as assistant chief before his election, made him superior in this busi- ness. The following is the list of the members of the old voluntary companies, as furnished the writer by Mr. P. W. Linskie: HOOK AND LADDER COMPANT NO. 1. J. Block, A. Kahn, G. Brownlee, Robt. Owen, H. Bergower, M. Lewis, L. Dunn (deceased), W. M. Leslie, D. Goslin (deceased), A. J. Plattos Chas. Garner (deceased), (deceased), W. M. Mclntire, J. E. Hess, D Dedgieu, Ben. Loeb, P. W. Linskie, J. A. Leonard W. C. Connor, (deceased), Jules Schneider, S. Mayer, Wm. Kane, G. Myer, M. Rush (deceased), Chas. Rylnnder, W. F. Morton, Robert Ricks, M. Rochstine, S. T. Stratton, Jim Arnold, G. M. Swink, Theodore Rankin, M. K. Thorburn, V. Galay, E. Tillman, J. W. Scheach, M. TJllman, H. Davidson, J. W.Wilson, Jno.Mundy (deceased,) H. Walters, Geo. Cleveland, A. Friend, J. B. Stone, E. Levy, Tom King, Joe Young (deceased), G. W. Olliver, E. C. Ellis, Barney Bren. LIST OF ENGINE COMPANY NO. 1. H. B. Bowen, Jno. Williams, Geo. Berger, J. W. Webb Lee Cohen, R. B. Cockrell (deceased), Norris, (deceased), Chas. Struck, Jas. Flint, Henry Proper, Gordon, Comack, Harry, Henry Pringle, Ed Lehman, Wm. Mathews, Wm. Lang, J. C. McCabe, Angus Meller, J. D. Crawford, Jno. Morrell, W. H. Anderson, June Peak, (deceased), W. C. Padgitt, C. Parker, Wm. Roberts, R. H. West. Alex. Sanger, Lorens, G. B. Schmidt, Paul Jamison, Wm. Starnes, E. G. Bower, Z. Tolliver, J. W. Lyle. HOSE COMPANY NO. 2 (.^JTNA HOSe). E. H. Graber, W. P. Daken, M. Harris, Jas. B. Carr, W. H. Anderson, Barney Gumpet, B. R. Spratley, Jno. Seddon, M. E. Saucier, J. M. Hamuel, Green Carr, Thomas Zwinke, Jno. Goetsell, C. M. Soper, F. D. Burk, F. S. Clemmons, Jas. Carr, R. P. Aunspaugh, Ed Hntchinson, John Melley Ed Kelly, (deceased). F. D. Martin, hook and ladder company no. 2 (east dai.las). J. J. Good (deceased), J. A. Tooley J. T. Tooley, (deceased), W. J. Allen, B. B. Cork, H. G. Bohney, Dave Tichenor 288 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. Donald Hinckley, (deceased), Win. McKinley, W. T. Peters, T A. Pharis, J. J. Good, Jr., (deceased), Einille Ratnonr, J. N. Ogden, James Purnel, Jas. Hardy, Rano Starr, A. Dysterbach, Bailey Patton, J. H. Slaughter, Jno. Thomson, W. J. Shone, G. M.Duncan, Wehb High, C. Allen, T. Hinckley Dan Bacon (deceased), (deceased), Will Clark, J. C. Greer, Thos. Wilkinson. Jas. Prophet (deceased). The condition of the lire department at present is first-class. It consists of a force of 44 members, inclusive of the officers. It has several handsome buildings in differ- ent portion of the city. The apparatus of the department consists at present of three second-size Ahrens steamers, two of them new, and one in good condition; two new and three old hose carriages; 3,000 feet of new, 3,700 feet of good, 2,200 feet of ordin- ary, and 1,700 feet of common, 2^-inch rubber hose; one double sixty-gallon chem- ical engine, new; one hook and ladder truck, not in service at present; one supply wagon; one cart; one buggy for chief; and twenty- two horses. VALUATION OP PIRK DEPARTMENT PROPERTY. Apparatus, horaes, etc I48.0QQ Buildings 19.000 Real estate 25.000 Fire alarm system 19.300 Total $111,300 The following is the list of the present officers and members: Thos Wilkinson, chief; T. A. Myers, assistant chief; John M. Oram, city electrician. MEMBERS OF DITFEKENT COMPANIES. Engine Company No. 1, at the corner Caron- dalet and Market streets: Chas. Zumbrun, captain; Geo. Burger, engineer; D. Rainey, assistant engineer; H. Rawlins, engine driver; W. Jarvis, reel driver; B. Franklin, supply driver; E. . Reeves, hoseman; H. Millican hoseman. Engine Company No. 2, on Commerce street, near Hawkins street: J. Co.\, cap- tain; F. Douglass, engineer; E. Daniels, assistant engineer; C. C. Crabtree, engine driver; T. Morrison, reel driver, G. Gary, hoseman; T. Boland, hoseman. Engine Company No. 3, corner Gaston and College avenues: Ralph Jackson, cap- tain; J. 0. Rahn, engineer; A. Lott, as- sistant engineer; J. Clifford, engine driver; L. Paxton, reel driver; A. Cooper, hoseman; R. Wilson, hoseman. Hose Company No. 1, on Bryan street, near Crockett street: A. E. Walbridge, cap- tain; R. Brady, reel driver; J. Kivlen, sup- ply-cart driver; J. Houston, hoseman; W. Brice, hoseman. Chemical EJngine No. 1, at the corner of Elm and Olivet streets: C. D. Swan, captain; J. D. Cook, driver; T. Hurley, hoseman; T. Miles, hoseman. Hook and Ladder Company No. 1, Central Station: J. L. Marder, captain; Dennis Canty (the oldest firemen in the city), driver; O. Crowder, tillerman; J. Ryan, ladderman; HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. S. 6. Anderson, lineman and ladderman; J. Gorman, driver bnggy and ladderman; Geo. W. Hill, ladderman; W. Kiddle, ladder- man: Chas. Longeerre, ladderman; W. Mc- Daniels, ladderman. John M. Oram, city electrician, is said to be one of the most talented electricians to be found in any country. He has a system of electric communications to all the handsome buildings of the tire department, of which there are several, also to almost all the other departments, that works with perfect sym- metry and harmony. His success in this de- partment as an electrician is praised exten- sively, and very justly so. BURNING OF DALLAS IN 1860. One of the most exciting events in the early history of Dallas county was that of the burning of the town of Dallas in July, 1860. Some of the citizens at that time differed in their opinions as to the origin of the fire. Below we give interviews of three pioneer citizens now living in Dallas, which appeared in the Dallas Daily News of July 10, 1892. These do not agree in their opinions of the origin of the fire, but a full account of the destruction is given. Uncle Billy Miller: "1 am eighty-five years old," the venerable nar- rator began, "and my memory is somewhat defective; but those scenes and the startling revelations of an uprising among the blacks created such an impression on my mind that lean never forget it. Grill Miller, now dead, who was a son of \V. IJ. Miller of Dallas, who then lived west of the river five miles from town, took the part of a detective and worked up the case. It is said tiiat he had some Indian blood in his veins, and he kept his own counsel, saying but little, but he dis- covered the plot to burn, rob and murder. There had been a great deal of burning going on in the country: farmers' homes, their feed stacks and cribs were burned, and no one knew how. "One day as Grill was at his father's a little negro boy, whom he called Bruce, came run- ning in crying and saying: 'O, Mars Grill, three white men came and made me fetch them some water, and then they sot fire to the barn and the house ' Grill could see the smoke issuing from his place, but he said nothing then. After he had worked on a few clews and put this and that together he one day took Bruce from the house and in the presence of a committee of white men told him that he would have to tell them who had burned his house else they would kill him, and he informed him that if he died lying the devil would get him sure. Bruce confessed that he himself fired the place, and that ho had been put up to it by another negro. This led to the revelation of a plot, which in- cluded every negro in the county except three, and one of the three was old Uncle Clayton Miller, Henry Miller's father, who belonged to Uncle W. B. Miller. He knew about the plot, but under threatened penalty of death lie dared not reveal it. A part of the plan was to poison Uncle Billy (W. B.) Miller and his wife and divide their property among the blacks. 290 EiarORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. "When the scheme was fully disclosed it was shown to have been instigated by two white preachers from Iowa. They were in the county about two years prior to the outbreak, but they left and returned again, it was charged, to fully develop their plans, which were evidently laid during their first visit to the county. As soon as their connection with the scheme became known a committee composed of Judge Hord, Uncle Billy Miller and Mr. Knight, Judge Burford's father-in-law, started to wait on them. One of them was seen. When the committee ap- proached the negro quarter where he was stopping, Uncle Billy Miller called him out to acquaint him with the committee's mis- sion. He was eating breakfast and he reached back to get a gun which was standing against the wall near him. At that moment a shot was tired fi'om the outside. The preacher then commenced crying and asked me to keep the men from shooting him. He promised to get out of the State in five hours, and the committee left, but before he could get away he was captured somewhere on Farmers' branch, brought to town and put in jail. The other preacher was captured and that night they were both taken out, whipped and told to get out of the State instanter. They left, but we heard of them during the war circulating stories in the North about us. "After the burning of the town, which oc- curred on July 10, 1860, when the mercury stood 110 degrees in the shade, we whipped every negro in the county one by one. One of the negroes whipped became very sick afterward, and, thinking that he was going to die, he made a confession to his old mistress, telling her all about the plot, which contem- plated the murder of herself and her husband. He confirmed the statement of other negroes that the two Iowa preachers had instigated the entire plot. Upon his confession he with two other negroes, one of whom was a preacher, was taken out and hanged on the bluff just above where the Commerce street bridge now stands. Clayton Miller, Henry's father, was a good old negro. Henry was freed when he was a child. He was in no way related to Commodore Miller, or to Charlie Miller, who was sent to the peniten- tiary some time ago." JUDGE NAT. M. BDEFORd's TEKSION. In his search for additional particulars concerning the burning of the town and the trouble with the negroes, the News reporter yesterday called on Judge Nat M. Burford at his home on Akard street. If Judge Bur- ford lives until the 8th of next October he will have been a resident of Dallas forty-four years. Although one of the oldest settlers and one among the patriarchs of the city, he is young in step and memory. The reporter found him mowing grass in the back yard. Showing the interviewer to his room he said that he could not recall dates with accuracy, but he had a vivid recollection of the scenes transpiring about thirty-two years ago in Dallas. "I was then district judge," he began, "and I was then holding court in Waxahachie. HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 2i)l I adjourned court there Saturday and started to my home in Dallas, but I did not "et here until Monday, the day after tiie town was burned. There were no railroads in those days, you know, and travel was slow. I then lived on Main street, where the St. George hotel now stands. When I got home I found the largest portion of the town in smoking ruins. Nearly all the buildings on the square, about fifteen business houses, were burned. One two-story brick house was left standing on the southeast corner of the square. It was a saloon and I believe a saloon is kept in the same building to-day. Residences as far as my house had been burned. I remem- ber that when I got to town everything was very quiet. It was almost a death-like still- ness. People talked in whispers, but they were determined-looking. They were des- perate. They gathered in groups and they were sure that nothing was said in the pres- ence of anybody who was not known to be with them. A little after dinner T. C. Hawpe, the sheriff, came to my house and told me that a meeting was being held in the courthouse. lie was afraid they were going to hang all the negroes in the county and so entail a great loss of property. He said that three were known to be guilty and he did not think that any more should hang. He asked me to go down and address the crowd and do what 1 could to hold violence in check. I went and when I got to the courthouse door — it was a brick courthouse, the second built on the spot wiiere the new one is being erected — I encountered a doorkeeper. The guards were admitting only those whom they knew to be all right. The doorkeeper asked me if I would abide the action of the people's meet- ing. I replied that I would and 1 went in. The first man I found inside said: 'Now, we must vote to hang tliem three negroes, but it won't do to hang too many. Wo can't afford it. After we get the tiiree let's call up some rich man's negro and make a fight to save him. If we save the rich man's negro the meeting will not then turn around and vote to hang the poor man's negro.' I saw that he had an eye to business and I thought it was a good suggestion. I went up to the courtroom and talked about three- quarters of an hour. Being a judiciary officer I then left the meeting and took no part in subsequent proceedings. However, the three negroes were condemned to death by a jury of, I think, fifty-two men. The fourth negro brought out belonged to Billy Miller, the richest man in the county. Sure enough a fight was made to save him and succeeded, but Miller said that the negro shouldn't stay in the county, and he after- ward send him away. The moderation wing of the meeting compromised with the other faction by offering and voting for a resolu- tion to whip every negro in the county. The resolution was adopted and a committee was appointed to do the whipping. I remember my cook was whipped, but she said they didn't whip her hard, and her husband at that time got the only whipping he ever had in his life, lie was a fine mulatto, a splendid blacksmith, and he would have uoth- 293 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. ing to do with the negroes. He opposed the abolition of slavery and thereby engendered the ill will of all the negroes. He is living now on Elm fork, about seven miles from here. The public meeting in the courthouse was held Monday afternoon, and I think the three negroes condemned were hanged the following Wednesday in the forenoon. I was not at the hanging and I took no part in it, but most of the people had their negroes there to witness it. " I am satisfied the town was fired by ne- groes. Mr. Cameron, who lived on the Fort Worth road, twelve miles from Dallas, had a negro boy about twelve years old who came to town every Sunday to get the mail. When he got back home that Sunday after being in Dallas his master saw the smoke from the burning town and asked him what it was. He replied that Dallas was burning. He was asked how he knew it. He said that as he was going to Dallas that morning Uncle Cato, who was then a notorious negro in these parts, told him to look out, that Dallas would be burning before he got back home. This to my mind was most convincing proof. (^Id Cato was captured and he implicated the other two negroes who were hanged with him. Their stories were corroborated by other negroes, so that there could be but little doubt that the negroes started the fire. They stated that two white preachers from the JNorth put them up to it, and a committee waited on the preachers. I never saw them, but after the committee waited on them they were whipped and told to leave the country. At that time there was a good deal of house burning all over the country, but the war soon came on with its exciting events, and that is the reason I reckon nothing was ever recorded about the burning of Dallas and the threatened slave insurrection. It almost passed out of the minds of the people." A TALK WITU ONE OF THE JDRYMEN. The News reporter ran down a member of the jury of fifty-two (Judge James Bentley), a majority of whom sent the three negroes to their execution. He declined to be inter- viewed, saying that this was a bit of Southern history that was not good. " The two white preachers," he said, " I believe to have been guiltless of the charge laid against them," and before the speaker knew it he was rat- tling away with an interesting narrative of tlie capture of the preachers, the burning of the town and the hanging of the negroes. "When the preachers were captured," he pro- ceeded, " one of them doubtless would have been shot in his buggy, but his wife threw her arms around his neck and threw herself in front of him so that the vigilantes could not shoot him without shooting her. She made such a piteous plea for her husband's life that they decided to spare it. The elder of the preachers was not wanted, but he re- fused to leave his brother of the cloth. He said that he would return to Dallas and go to jail with him. The preachers were afterward whipped and told to leave the country. I think that about the extent of their connec- tion with the negroes was that they had been HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 293 seen perched on rail fences talking with ne- groes several times, and once or twice they felt in their duty to preach to theni. I don't believe they instigated an insurrection. In fact there was no insurrection. People became frightened and almost panic-stricken. " When the town was burned it was a hot day — so hot that matches ignited from the heat of the sun. Wallace Peak had just fin- ished a new two-story frame building, and in the upper story that day a number of men were lounging and smoking. Piled up near the building was a lot of boxes tilled with shavings, and I think a cigar stump or a match was thrown into one of the boxes, and from that the fire was started, about twoo'clock in the afternoon. Several fires had occurred; there was a great deal of excitement about the apprehended negro uprising; somebody had to hang; and the three negroes went. There was a merchant in the town of Hen- derson who wrote to a friend here that he would pass through Dallas on a given date. Incidentally in the letter he mentioned the fact that the day when Dallas burned a box of matches in his store took fire from natural heat and he barely saved his store from burn- ing. This incident was cited by those sup- porting the theory of accidental origin, but the merchant was denounced for being in collusion with the negroes. It happened that he originally came from the North and there were threats of lynching him in case he ap- peared in Dallas. His friend wrote to him to keep away from Dallas, and he did. At tliat time there was considerable wagon immi- gration to this country from the Nortli, and the idea somehow gained currency that those Northern people were coming down here and supplying the negroes with firearms and am- munitions. People actually held up the wagons and searched them as they entered the town, but nothing was ever found to con- firm these suspicions." In the language of the latter-day historian: " Things have changed since the events re- cited above transpired. A generation has passed, the shackles of slavery have been broken and Dallas has grown from a small hamlet to a proud city." OTHEE ACCOUNTS. A correspondent of the Dallas News of July 21 wrote the following: " Some months ago I furnished and you published from tiie old Dallas Herald an ac- count of the burning of Dallas, July 10, 1860. Recently you have published several interviews with surviving citizens of that date in regard to that disaster. Some of them leave the impression that the calamity may have been the result of the spontaneous ignition of matches on that hot July day. As I believein nosuch theory (like Mr. William H. lieeman, then and now a citizen of Dallas and a native of Illinois), I beg leave to make pub- lic through the News the letter which follows. This letter, found as sworn to by two reputa- ble citizens, if made puljlic at the time would have rendered the people of north and south- western Texas desperate. Wiser counsels prevailed, and to a number of the most intel- ligent citizens of Fort Worth the country 294 HI8T0RT OF DALLAS COONTT. was indebted for the prevention of scenes of blood, and doubtless the summary execution of some innocent men, simply because they were recent comers, or possibly came from certain States. These wise and just men of Fort Worth adopted a wise and just course. They withheld the letter from publication, but had certified copies made and sent to con- fidential men in the various counties involved in the threatened dangers, to be communi- cated to a number of good men to put them on their guard. One of these certified copies was communicated to me and at least two other citizens of my then county. I have ever preserved it in my scrap book of special matters touching the current history of the country in those troublous times. Here is the letter: " Denton Ckeek, July 3, 1860. " Dear Sir: — A painful abscess on my right thumb is my apology for not writing at An- derson. Our glorious cause is progressing finely as far south as Brenham. There I parted with Brother W. He went still fur- ther South. He will do good wherever he goes. I have traveled up through the fron- tier counties, — part of the time under a fic- titious name. I found many friends who had been initiated and understood the mystic word. I met with a good number of our friends in Georgetown. We held a consul- tation and were unanimously of the opinion that we should be cautious of our new asso- ciates. Most of them are desperate characters and may betray us, as there are slaveholders among them and value a negro much more than a horse. The only good they will do will be destroying towns, mills, etc., which is our only hope in Texas at present. If we can break the Southern merchants and millers and have their places filled by honest Repub- licans, Texas will be an easy prey if we will only do our duty. All we want for the time being is control of trade. Trade, assisted by preaching and teaching, will soon control public opinion. (Public opinion is mighty and will prevail.) Lincoln will be elected and we will then have the administration, cost what it will. Her sovereignty accom- plished, we have but one more struggle to make, that is free Texas. We will then have a connected link from the lakes to the gulf. Slavery will then be surrounded by land and water, and will soon sting itself to death. I repeat, Texas we must have, and our only chance is to break up the present inhabitants in whatever way we can, and it must be done. Some of us will most assuredly suffer in ac- complishing our object, but our Heavenly Father will reward us for assisting him in blotting out the greatest curse ou earth. It would be impossible for any of us to do an act that is as blasphemous in the sight of God as holding slaves. We must have frequent consultations with our colored friends. (Let your meetings be in the night.) Impress upon their clouded intellects the blessings of freedom. Induce all to leave you can. Our arrangements for their accommodation to go North are better than they have been, but not as good as I would like. We will need more agents, both local and traveling. I HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 295 will send out traveling agents when I get lioine. You must appoint a local agent in every neighborhood in your district. I will recommend a few whom I think will do to rely upon, to wit: Brothers * * * * L., W., I., K, McD., v., C, N., S., W., G., A., D., M. Brother L., the bearer of this, will take a circuitous route and see as many of our col- ored friends as be can. He also recommends a differetit match to be used about town, etc. Our friends sent an inferior article. They emit too much smoke and do not contain enough camphene. They are calculated to get some of our friends hurt. I will send a supply when I get home. I will have to reprove you and your co- workers for your negligence in sending funds for our agents. But few have been compensated for their trouble. Correspondent and industrious agent, Brother W., has received but a trifle — not so much as an apprentice's wages. Neither have Brothers W., M. and others. You must call upon our colored friends for more money. They must not e.xpect us to do all. They certainly will give every cent if they know how soon their shackles will be broken. My hand is very painful and I must close. " N. B.— Brother L. will give you what few uumbers of the •' Imjiending Crisis" we have; also Brother 8.'s speech and Brother B.'s let- ters, etc. Farewell. " State of Texas, Tarrant county. — Person- ally appeared before me, the undersigned authority, Paul Isbell, who, after being duly sworn according to law, on oath says: 'The above and foregoing letter was found by George Grant and myself near the residence of said Grant, six miles west of Fort Worth, near where a horse had been stealthily fed, as it seemed, and that the said letter has not been out of our possession till now, and that it has not been altered in any respect what- ever.' '• Given under my hand and the seal of the Tarrant county court on this the lOtli day of August, 1860. " Thomas M. Matthews, Deputy Clerk. " If the old citizens of Dallas, who knew nothing of tliis letter to dear brother and have had doubts as to the origin of the lire in Dallas July 10, 1860, as well as those in Bren- ham, Georgetown, Milford and twenty other places about the same time, including over thirty mills and gins — if, we say, these char- itable doubters will compare the dates and facts, all their doubts will be removed and they will see that the burning of Dallas was but a part of the plan inaugurated by the gang to which * * * co-workers be- longed to "destroy the present inhabitants of Texas. " Had this letter been published at the time it would have crazed the people of north and central Texas and caused the death of many men — doubtless many innocent men included. That it was not published was owing to the extreme caution of men who feared a great crisis was impending — men of the class who a few months later sustained the secession movement. 296 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. "After a delay of thirty-two years the letter is now given to the public without note or comment. A Sukvivor of 1860." HEALTH DEPAKTMENT. Dallas is classed as one of the liealthiest cities in this country. The death rate here during the last two years has been only one and one-tenth per cent. The rate in the Northern cities is much greater, and in Eu- rope the average annual death rate is two per cent. Dallas has never been visited with any raging epidemics. While some serious cases of epidemics have Ijeen in her borders, they failed to excite any alarm or to spread the disease. A hospital is provided for the sick, and the services of a physician are also pro- vided free of charge. Any subjects thrown upon the city receive prompt and efficient attention. Dr. V. P. Armstrong is at present the health officer. STREET RAILWAYS. The street railways of Dallas, amounting to forty- six miles, are run chiefly by elec- tricity, affording thereby as delightful and convenient accommodations in this respect as can be found in any city. In addition to the electric lines, a company of capitalists have partly constructed, on one of the leading business streets of the city, a cable railroad, which when completed will be, it is said, the only street cable railroad in the South. DALLAS AS A FINANCIAL CENTER. Dallas, being situated in the center of the richest agricultural section of the State, and surrounded as she is with numerous small cities of from 4,000 to 10,000 population, within twenty-five to sixty miles distance, besides the thriving city of Fort Worth, thirty miles west of her, and, being recog- nized as the metropolis of the State in the commercial world abroad, has become a city of great financial importance. Her banking facilities are equal to any city in the South. The following are the names of the present banks in the city, their organization, and late statements concerning each, as well as the officers of each: The National Exchange Bank of Dallas was organized under the State laws in 1875, and was converted into a national bank in 1887. Its capital was then increased to $300,000. The present officers are: J. N. Simpson, president; W. H. Gaston, 1st vice-president; Royal A. Ferris, 2d vice-president; N. A. McMillan, cashier; R. C. Ayers, assistant cashier. Directors — J. N. Simpson, W. H. Gaston, Royal A. Ferris, George N. Ald- ridge, H. R. Hearn, George W. Buster, N. A. McMillan. The following is a statement of the condi- tion of this bank, Julj 12, 1892: NATIONAL EXCHANGE BANK. RESOURCES. Loaas and discounts $745,955 54 Overdrafts, secured and unsecured 12,498 05 U. S. bonds to secure circulation 50,000 00 Stocks, securities, claims, etc 63,247 94 Due from approved reserve agents 129,965 10 Due from otlier national banks 109,200 59 Due from State banks and bankers 27,567 81 Banking-house, furniture and fixtures 83,728 50 Other real estate and mortgages owned 11,045 46 Cr^<^. nrsTonr of Dallas count r. 297 Current expenses and taxes paid 603 01 Premiums on U. S. bonds 8,250 00 Checks and other cash items 6,88C 13 Exchanges for clearing house 5,521 16 Bills of other banks 1,700 00 Fractional paper currency, nickels and cents 138 80 Specie 88,005 15 Legal tender notes 10,000 00 Redemption fund with U. S. treasurer (5 per cent of circulation) 2,250 00 Due from U. S. treasurer, other than 5 per cent redemption fund 1,450 00 Total $1,308,613 23 LIABILITIES. Capital stock paid in $300,000 00 Surplus fund 60,000 00 Undivided profits 10,453 97 National bank nstesoutstiinding 45,000 00 Dividends unpaid 18,000 00 Individual deposits subject to check 564,505 50 Demand certificates of deposit 5,030 97 Time cer'iflcates of deposit 19,445 43 Certified checks 2,084 60 Cashier's checks outstanding 10,236 25 Due to other national banks 186,427 11 Due to State banks and bankers 80,843 40 Total $1,308,613 23 RECAPITULATION. KE8O0HCES. Loans $745,955 54 Overdrafts 12,498 05 U.S. bonds ^ 50,000 00 Other stfiCks and bonds 63,247 94 Banking house and fixtures 33,728 50 Other real estate 11,045 46 Premiums ou U. S. bonds 8,250 00 Expenses and taxes paid 6u3 01 Due from U. S. treasurer 3,700 00 Cash in vault and with other banks 379,584 73 Total $1,308,613 23 LIABILITIES. Capital Stock $300,000 00 Surplus 00.000 00 Undivided profits 10,453 97— $370,453 97 Circulation 45,000 00 Dividends unpaid 18,000 00 Individual deposits $001,888 75 Bank deposits 273,270 51—875,159 26 Total $1,308,613 23 Tlie American National Bank, designated United States Depository, was organized in 1884, with AV. H. Thomas, president; C. C. Slaughter, vice-president; E. J. Gannon, cashier. These are the present officers. The following are the directory: W. H. Thotnas, C. C. Slaughter, G. B. Wilson, E. G. Chiles, W. M. C. Hill, W. C. Padget, L. S. Thome, E. J. Gannon. AMERICAN NATIONAL BANK RESODRCES. Loans and discounts $464,576 37 Overdrafts, secured and unsecured 73,235 15 U. S. bonds to secure circulation 50,000 00 U. S. bonds to secure deposits 100,000 00 Stocks, securities, etc 11,612 00 Due from approved reserve agents 51,133 17 Due from other national banks 61,475 08 Due from Slate banks and bankers 45,154 85 Banking-house, furniture and fixtures.... 16,000 00 Other real estate and mortgages owned.. 10,947 45 Current expenses and taxes paid 348 53 Premiums on U. S. bonds 18,500 00 Checks and other cash items 353 39 E,xchanges for clearing house 3,288 93 Bills of other banks 19,679 00 Fractional paper currency, nickels and cents 21 55 Specie 45,999 50 Legal tender notes 35,000 00 Redemption fund with U. S. treasurer (5 per cent of circulation^ 2,250 00 Due from U. S. treasurer other than 5 per cent redemption fund 1,220 00 Total $1,010,794 95 LIABILITIES. Capital stock paid in $200,000 00 Surplus fund 135,000 00 Undivided profits 3,334 74 National bank notes outstanding 45,000 00 Dividends unpaid 2,676 00 Individual deposits subject to check 488,423 46 Demand certificates of deposit 8,198 60 Certified checks 3,150 00 Cashier's checks outstanding 260 00 United States deposits 54,573 30 Deposits of U. S. disbursing officer 40,406 90 398 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. Due to other National banks 33,959 63 Due to State banks and bankers 6,832 20 Total $1,010,794 95 The City National Bank, at the corner of Main and Murphy streets, was organized in 1873, under the laws of the State; in 1880 was converted into a national bank, and in 1886 it was consolidated with the Dallas National Bank. After this consolidation it took its present name, " The City National Bank of Dallas." The present officers are; J. C. O'Connor, president; J. T. Trezevant, vice-president; E. M. Reardon, cashier; H. E. Hamilton, assistant cashier. Directors — Alex. Sanger, Alfred Davis, J. F. O'Connor, J. E. Schnei- der, J. T. Trezevant, M. L. Crawford, Guy Sumpter, L. A. Fires, J. C. O'Connor, E. M. Reardon and T. Wistar Brown. STATEMENT JULY 12, 1893. RESOURCES. Loans and discounts $1,052,863 39 Overdrafts, secured and unsecured 21,728 00 U. S. bonds to secure circulation 50,000 00 Due from approved reserve agents 113,411 17 Due from other national banks 132,496 56 Due from State banks and bankers 78,308 18 Banking house, furniture, and fixtures... 85,000 00 Other real estate and mortgages owned... 22,270 27 Current expenses and taxes paid 697 08 Premiums on U. S. bonds 8,000 00 Checks and other cash items 2,323 69 Exchanges for clearing house 9,099 43 Bills of other banks 28,020 00 Fractional paper currency, nickels and cents 1,274 80 Specie 124,502 37 Redemption fund with U. S. treasurer . (5 per cent of circulation) 2,250 00 Total $1,732,244 94 LIABILITIES. Capital stock paid in |325,000 00 Surplus fund 150,000 00 Undivided profits 5,155 92 National bank notes outstanding.. 45,000 00 Dividends unpaid 7,624 00 Individual deposits su'^ject to check 699,299 88 Demand certificates of deposit 142,727 01 Certified checks 605 00 Cashier's checks outstanding 11,598 75 Due to other national banks 299,460 50 Due to State banks and bankers 45,773 88 Total $1,732,244 94 RECAPITULATION. RESOURCES. Loans and discounts $1,074,591 39 U. S. bonds and premium 58,000 00 Available cash — Cash in vault $165,220 29 Cash with other banks, subject to check 334,215 91— 489,436 30 Banking house, furniture and fixtures 85,000 00 Other real estate 22,270 27— 107,370 37 Due from U. S. treasurer 2,350 00 Expenses 697 08 Total $1,733,344 94 LIABIIilTIBS. Capital stock $325,000 00 Surplus fund 150,000 00— $475,000 00 Undivided profits 5,155 92 Circulation 45,000 00 Deposits — Individual $854,230 64 Banks and bankers 345,234 38- 1,199,465 02 Dividends unpaid 7,624 00 Total $1,732,244 94 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNT T. 299 The State National Bank of" Dallas was organized February 2, 1892, with J. S. Artn- stronfT president; C. A. Keatinj^ vice-presi- dent; E. D. Tenison cashier. Directors — J. W. Crowdus, president of the J. W. Crowdns Drug company; James Aikin, assistant super- intendent Pacific Express Company; John S. Witwer, postmaster; J. S. Armstrong, presi- dent Armstrong company wholesale grocers; J. M. McCormick, of McCormick & Spence, attorneys at law; R. P. Henry, banker Lan- caster, Texas; C. F. Carter, of White & Co., cotton buyers; C. A. Keating, president Keating Improvement & Machine Company; E. 0. Tenison, cashier. STATEMENT JULY 12, 1892. KE80URCE8. Loans and discounts |G61,978 77 Overdrafts, secured and unsecured 13,205 92 U. S. bonds to secure circulation 50,000 00 Due from approved reserve agents 48,746 51 Due from other national banks 21,893 51 Due from Slate banks and bankers 15,303 77 Banking house, furniture and fixtures 5,000 00 Current expenses and taxes paid 559 61 Checks and other cash items 5,055 02 Exchanges for clearing house 16,763 72 Bills of other banks 2,300 00 Fractional paper currency, nickels and cents 137 56 Specie 6,455 00 Legal tendernotes 15,000 00 Redemption fund with U. S. treasurer (5 per cent of circulation) 2,250 00 Total 1864,648 39 LIABILITIES. Capital stock paid in $400,000 00 Surplus fund 16,000 00 Undivided profits 2,282 48 National bank notes outstanding 45,000 00 Individual deposiu subject to check 260,468 86 Demand certificates of deposit 20,930 02 Certified checks 3,575 00 Due to othernational banks 110,157 04 Due to State banks and bankers 6,334 99 Total $864,648 39 RECAPITULATION. RESOURCES. Discounts, loans and deposits $075,184 69 U. S bonds 50,000 00 Furniture and fixtures 5,000 00 Expenses and taxes paid 559, 61 Cash due from U. S. treasurer 2,250 00 Cash and sight exchange 131,654 09 Total $864,648 39 LIABILITIES. Capital $400,000 00 Surplus 16,000 00 Undivided profits 2,282 48 Circulation 45,000 00 Deposits, individual $284,973 88 Deposits, banks and bankers 116,392 03— $401,365 91 Total $864,648 39 The North Texas National Bank of Dallas was organized in January, 1888. It now has a capital of $1,0C0,000; surplus $200,000. The present directory and oflScers are as follows: Directors — W. H. Abrams, land commissioner Texas & Pacific railroad; B. Blankeiiship, president; J. M. Dickson, of Dickson & Moroney, attorneys; J. T. Elliott, capitalist; Henry Exall, United States Com- missioner World's Fair; B. P. Fakes, of Fakes & Co., furniture; Robert Gibson, flour milling and coal mines; Philip Lindsley, in- vestment banker; J. B. Oldham, cashier. 800 iirsTonr of daij.ah vounty. Officers, B. Blankenship, president; Henrj Exall, vice-president; 0. R. Buddy, assistant cashier; .F. (!. Oldliatn, cashier. 8TATKMENT, JULY 13, 1892. RBSOURCaS. Loans nud discoutils $1,882,105 89 Overdrnfts, secured and unsecured 2r),011 79 U. 8. bonds to secure circulation TiO.OdO 00 Stocks, securities, etc 195,100 00 Due from approved reserve agents 100,715 83 Due from other national batiks 48,797 87 Due fiom State banks anil bankers 419 98 Furniture and fixtures S,()00 00 Heal estate owned 85,500 00 Current expenses and taxes paid 795 (JO Premiums on U. 8. bonds 8,000 00 Checks and otlier casli items 160 18 Exchanges for clearing liouse 3,735 C8 Bills of other banks 775 00 Nickels and cents 257 41 Specie 13,583 90 Legal tender notes 27,870 00 Hedemplion fund with U. 8. treasurer... 3,250 00 Total fl,803,078 6H LIABILITIES. Capital Block paid !|!1,000,(I00 00 Surplus fund 200,000 00 Undivided profits I,7(i8 29 National bank notes outstanding 45,000 00 Dividends unpaid 34,480 00 Individual deposits subject lo check 819,851 21 Demand certificates of deposit 1,588 25 Time certiflcntes of deposit 15,920 00 Casliier's checks luitstanding I,5(i0 39 Due to otber nalioiml Imnks 178,280 98 Due to Hiale banks and bankers 14,378 51 Total 11,803,078 58 CONDENSED. RBSOUHOEIS. Loans and otlier eecurlties f 1,553,317 08 Heal estate 85,500 00 Furniture and flxlures 8,000 00 Expenses and taxes paid 795 fiO rremium on U. S. Ijonds 8,000 00 Available cash 197,500 35 Total 11,802,078 5;t LIABILITIKS. Capital and surplus $l,2(Xt,000 00 Undivided profits 1,7,58 29 Circulation 45,000 00 '>epo8its 5.55,815 34 Total 11,803,073 58 Tiio National Bank of (Joininerco of Dallas was organized in March, 1889. J. B. Adoue, president; D. W. C. Harry, vice- president; A. G. Wills, cashier. Directors — J. M. ITarry, ofj. M. Harry & Co., brick tnaniifactnrors; John N. Wharton, jiaper inaniifactiirer; W. White, of W. White & Co.; D. W. C Harry, vice-president; Thomas W. UritKths, of Griffitlis & Cowser, Ininher dealers; F. G. Moore, importer and dealer in doors, sash, blinds, mouldings, stair-work, lime and cement; J. B. Adoue, president, A. (r. Wills, cashier. CONDITION, ,TULY 13, 1893. RBBOURCBB. Loans and discounts $388,981 40 Overdrafts, secured and unsecured 0,800 70 U. S bonds to secure circulation 37,500 00 Due from approved reserve agents 28,375 55 Due from other national banks 14,930 73 Due from Stale banks and bankers 4,134 57 Hanking house, furniture and fixtures 900 00 Other real estate and mortgages owned... 9,224 98 Current ex|)enses and taxes paid 209 20 Premiums on U. S. bonds 0,000 00 Checks iinil other cash items 145 65 ExcliauKes for clearing house 5,373 83 Uillsof other banks 1,000 00 Fractional paper currency, nickels and cents 10 71 Specie 1,593 50 Lefial lender notes 10,941 00 Hedeniptiiui fund with U. 8. treasurer (5 per cent of circulation) 1,087 00 Total $870,604 88 H 181010 OF DALLAS OOUNTY. 801 lilABtMTIRR. rnplldl Mock psld in $150,000 (Mt Hiirpliif. Iiiml 10,000 00 Uiiilivi.lflil piodlB B,a48 01 NRliiinal liRiiU niitPS iMilslnnilinK 8!),750 OO Iiulivi5 89 ATTENDANCE FOR 1890-91. .c a. sa 7i |2 23 $ 32,411 •2» 31,701 28 76,485 35 (>4,115 53 15.3,621 76 227,6I» 82 287,600 Name of School. ii Centrftl High School 728 East Dallas School 740 Oak Grove School 5.38 Cumberland High School 617 South Side School 319 McKinney Avenue School 251 School No.3 289 School No. 1 192 Colored Schools- School No. 1 288 School No. 2 3.T6 School No.3 130 School No. 4 52 School No.5 93 School No. 6 222 ENROLLMENT BY GR.^^DKS AND SCHOOLS. o o 2 a fiS oa ^s ^2 (L, - ZS 93 23 43 88 9 123 89 2 ■•l 87 4 17 89 5 43 93 » 15 90 5 13 86 1 12 84 6 56 85 12 77 88 6 67 83 « 19 81 1 10 80 7 49 Schools. — Grades. - 4 5 6 Cent' 1 H.School 213 175 123 E.Dallas School 161 148 137 166 88 16 34 Oak Grove Srh'l 196 119 104 119 Cumberland Hill School 199 138 South S. Sch'l.. 91 61 8 9 10 11.22 SIS o « 96 52 24 13 728 740 538 140 140 617 75 65 27 819 McKinney Ave. School 77 60 :« School No.S ... 53 93 91 School No.l ... 62 46 30 Colored Schools : No.l ia5 48 47 No.2 14.'> 51 41 No.3 42 33 No.4 - 18 35 4J 39 2S1 192 13 10 3 — 54 67 14 - 3—288 — - 356 — — lao — — 58 318 HISTORT OF DALLAS OOUNTT. No.5. No.6 41 14 38 — IM 52 33 34 222 T'l by grades. 1296 889 Tg."! 717 466 243 167 99 52 27 18... ACTUAL CURRENT EXPENSES. Salaries— Superintendent, teachers, janitors $69,770 05 Fuel 1,067 65 Insarance 2,305 31 Stationary and printing 2.50 00 Sanitation 996 00 Rents 302 00 Incidental 1,001 10 The cost of instruction per capita, l)uscd on current ex- penses, estimated on total enrollment, is 13 80 Estimated on average number belonging 19 47 The following is a report of the school fiirnl for the year ending June, 1892: To amount received from state treasurer... $35,016 62 To amount received from State, account census 255 98 To amount received from auditor and collector 63 17 To amount received from water supply fund, transfer. . 10,000 00 To amount received from sewers and drains fund, transfer 54,000 00 Total $99,335 77 By amount balance due treasurer April 20, 1891 28,724 47 By amount warrants paid during year 67,017 11 By amount balance on hand April 18, 1892 3,594 19 Total $99,33577 SPECIAL SCHOOL FUND. To balance on hand April 20,1891 $ 8,038 93 To amount received from collector 45,45634 To amount received from transfer from general fund. . . 2,0*K) 00 Total $47,45634 By amount warrants paid 30,399 11 By balance on hand April 18, 1892 25,096 16 Total $55,495 37 It can be seen from the al)ove report that these schools are in most excellent condition, and the city may most certainly be proud of them. cole's SELECT SCHOOL. This college was established in 1889 by Colonel J. R. Cole, an eminent scholar and educator, at the solicitation of a number of prominent citizens of Dallas. The special object was to prepare boys at home for col- lege or university or give a useful education adequate for the various vocations of life. While this school is mainly for boys, a limited number of girls are admitted. The course of study adopted, in many respects, is equal to the curriculum of many colleges, and, thoroughly mastered, will prepare a student for the freshman or sophomore class in the best colleges and universities in our country. It requires eight years to complete the entire course for graduation, which can be accomplished at sixteen or eighteen years of age. Students completing the entire course will receive diplomas. Colonel J. R. Cole, principal, is a graduate of Trinity College, North Carolina, having received the degrees of A. B. and A. M. He has taught in Texas more than twenty years and has been professor, principal or presi- dent in some of the most prominent institu- tions in the State, as McKenzie College, North Texas Female College and the Agri- cultural and Mechanical College of Texas. Misses May and Ella Cole are the daughters of the principal and were educated under his direction. He was assisted by the l)est lady teachers he could procure in the State as private instructors in his family for nine years. Prof. G. A. Harmon, in charge of penman- ship and bookkeeping, is president of the Dallas Business College and is too well known in his departments for further reference. Prof. Frank Reauifh is an artist of the Julian Academy, I'aris, France. He has de- voted years to the fine arts, receiving high honors at the last St. Louis Exposition. The "honor" students in the year 1891-92, HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 319 having completed the full course of studies and receiving diplomas, were Frank Blank- enship, li. Iving Cole, Ernest House, Ellen Thurston. Those completing the English course and receiving certificates were Howard Ardrey anil Thomas Lucas. The E. M. Kahn medal for the best student in school as shown by attendance, conductand studies, was awarded to Scott Miller. The Mrs. Warren medal for second best student was awarded to Frank Blankenship and Thomas Lucas, — a tie. The Dr. S. D. Thruston medal for the best girl student was awarded to Eugenia Chap- pell. The C. F. Carter medal for the best student of those who did not exceed fifty on the first roll of honor last year was awarded to Neita Barton. 0HCRCHE8. Churches and schools always speak much praise for any city. The whites and colored people of Dallas have church buildings in the city at which they assemble to worship every Sunday. The J^'irst Methodist Episcopal Church, South, was organized in Dallas in 1850, by Rev. Andrew Cumming, with eleven naera- bers, when Dallas had a population of about 200. The members worshipped in a little house which was also used by other denomi- nations, changing around, one denomination using it one Sunday, another the next, and so on. The first Methodist preacher, how- ever, that lived in the little town of Dallas was a local preacher, Rev. James A. Smith, a farmer, who baptized the first Methodist child in Dallas county, — -Astor Pryor, who now lives in the county. This little church, of eleven members in 1850, has kept pace with the rapid growth of the city, and to-day it has a membership of 600 and a most handsome edifice on Com- merce street. Rev. J. O. Jones, present pas- tor; membership of the Sunday-school, 250. In addition to the First Church, the Meth- odists also have the following churches, which were established principally through the First Church, and each has a most handsome church building: The Floyd Street Methodist Church., South, was organized by R. M. Powell in 1874, with thirty members. It now Iims a membership of about 400; number of mem- bers of Sunday-school, 150. The present pastor is R. S. Riggan. It is situated on Floyd street, near the Union depot. The South Dallas Methodist Episcopal Church, South, situated at the corner of Snodgrass and Cigar streets, was organized in 1888 by Rev. W. U. Hugiis, with about twenty members; now has a membership of 300. Rev. W. F. Clark is now the pastor. Number of members of Sunday-school, 150. East Dallas Methodist Epiieopal Church, South, located Jiear the Fair grounds, was or- ganized by Rev. J. W. Blackburn in 1889, with about twenty members. It has a mem- bership at present of 1^0, and a Sunday- school with a membership of lOQ. Its pres- ent pastor is Rev. Lee A. Hanson. Trinity Methodist Episcopal Church, 320 HISTORY OF DALLAS COLT NTT. South, located at the corner of Trinidad and Philp streets, was organized by Rev. W. F. Clark in 1885, with a noembership of twenty- live. Present membership, 300; pastor, Rev. L. P. Smitli; Sunday-school member- ship, 150. Oah Lawn Methodist Episcopal Church, South, located in the beautiful suburb Oak Lawn, was organized in 1884, with about thirty members, by Rev. William Cullom. Present pastor. Rev. A. C. McVoy; mem- bership, 100; Sunday-school membership, 100. West Dallas Methodist Episcopal Church, South, called St. Mark's, was organized by Rev. C. G. Shutt in 1888, witli twenty-five or tliirty members. Present pastor, Rev. Mr. Thompson ; membership, about seventy- five. The Tabernacle Methodist Episcojjal Church, whose house of worship is situated corner Main and St. Paul streets, was organ- ized in 1874 by Rev. L. H. Carhart, then pastor. It has grown to a membership of 250. The following pastors have served tlie chiirch since its establishment: Revs. W. A. Allen, W. P. Armstrong, J. H. Reat, S. A. Thomson, J. R. Wolf, and G. I. McOlaughlin, who is the present pastor. Rev. L. A. Neis, assistant pastor, devotes his time principally to missions and other churches under this first church in the city. M. McKee is super- intendent of the Sunday-school, which has a membership of 200. Grace Church, of this denomination, is located at the corner of Nettie and Ophelia streets. The society was organized in 1890, by Rev. Lee A. Neis, assistant pastor to Rev. G. L McClaughlin. It now has thirty-five members. Masonic Avenue Church, whose edifice is located on Masonic Avenue, was established in 1888, under the supervision of the Taber- nacle Church. There are several missions in the city es- tablished by this denomination, all of which are flourishing. Each church above named has a thriving Sunday-school. There are various auxiliary societies in these churches, with a large mem- bership. The most important one of all is the Home Mission and Church Extension So- ciety, in which ail join to make a success. A congregation of Methodists meet every Sunday for purposes of worship, also to con- duct a Sunday-school in the Cockrell-Fairland Addition, and the exercises are conducted by the local preachers, Rev. W. H. Howell, M. D. and Rev. J. H. Gibbs, M. D. These preachers, together with Rev. W. C. Young, another local preacher, now residing in South Dallas, have been residents of Dallas for many years, and have done great good and most efficient service not only here in Dallas and Dallas county, but also throughout this sec- tion of the State. They are successful and good men, and most highly respected and es- teemed by every one. Rev. W. H. Hughes, an able preacher who has lived in Dallas a long time, has assisted in almost every church enterprise in the city. His home is still here, and he is still in the active work, and HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 331 has always been a roan of iniiuencc. He is a man of character, eloquence, scliolarship and ability, and l.as done much good for his church. Catholic Churches. — Early in the '708, Father Perry established the first church of this faith in tlie city of Dallas. Heretofore the members that had been banded together collected at different residences from time to time, and kept up devotional services. But as soon as the membership could afford any means for the erection of a building for wor- ship, the one now situated on the corner of Bryan and Ervay streets was built, and has been used up to this day as a place of wor- ship. A magnificent cathedral will be built soon on this corner, to cost $100,000, and which, it is said, when completed, will be one of the finest erected in the South. Father Hennessey, now of Houston, Texas, succeeded Father l^erry and remained in ser- vice as priest for two years. Then came Father Martiniere, now chaplain at the Fr- suline Academy in East Dallas. He re- mained in charge until 1889, at which time he was succeeded 1)y Father Joseph Blum, now at Munster, Cooke county, Texas. Bishop Thomas F. Brennan was appointed bishop of Dallas, with a territory of 108 counties in northern and northwestern Texas, in December, 1890. He was conse- crated bishoj) at Erie, Pennsylvania, April 5, 1891, and immediately came to Dallas to take charge of his diocese, and when he came he assumed the rectorship of the Church of the Sacred Heart, and transferred Kev. Father I'lum to Munster, Cooke county. Sinct; that time the bishop has been indefatigable in his labors, and is much beloved by his church and all who know him. St. Patrick's is another Catholic Church, located in the city, at the corner of South Harwood and Eakin streets, and under the charge of Father J. A. Hartnett, assisted by Father P. M. Reagati. These churches have a very large attendance. About 5,000 souls commune at these two. in addition to these churches the Catholics have the Oak Cliff Orphanage, which institu- tion was founded in 1891 by Bishop Bren- nan. The building cost S5,000, and has a very beautiful and imposing appearance. It is situated on a lofty place in this high, cool and healthy addition to the city of Dallas. The plat comprises eight acres of very valu- able land, and was donated byT. L. Marsalis, the originator and former owner of Oak Cliff. Episcopal Church Organizations. — The leading church of this denomination is the St. Matthews. It is located on Ervay street. The congregation was organized in 1868, by Rev. S. D. Davenport, who held the rector- ship until 1877. The following rectors have had charge of this Church, and succeeded respectively as their names appear, viz. : Rev. Stephen A. Greene, Rev. Jno. Davis, Rev. Wm. Mnn- ford. Rev. C. W. Turner, Rev. W. B. Guion, Rev. A. C. Garrett. There are at present 511 members. The Church of the Incarnation is an an- other organization of this denomination. It is located at the corner of Harwood street and 332 HI8T0BT OP DALLAS COUNTY. McKeiinie avenue; and the society was organ- ized in 1884. Eev. Edwin Wickens is the present rector. Dallas being in Bishop A. C. Garrett's diocese, these churches are under his super- vision. They are popular churches and very prosperous. Bishop Garrett resides in Dallas and occasionally preaches to tlie congrega- tion, and, being very eloquent, attracts great audiences. First Preshyterian Church, situated cor- ner Main and Harwood streets. The con- gregation was organized by Rev. S. A. King of Waco, Texas, in 1873. Dr. A. P. Smith, the present pastor, was elected to the position in 1873, and has remained in that relation ever since. Beginning with but few mem- bers, this church has increased constantly under the pastorship of Dr. Smith until its present membership raumbers 400. There are three colonies established under this church, namely: the City Park Presby- terian Church, Oak ClifE Presbyterian Church, Westminster Presbyterian Church. These three churches are under the supervision of Dr. Smith and are prospering. In addition to these there is a colored Presbyterian Church in the city, also under the supervision of Dr. Smith. Dr. A. P. Smith is an able and eloquent preacher and has been here longer than any other preacher in the city. He is very popu- lar and always has large audiences. His churches have always flourished. The Congregational Church of Dallas was organized December 27, 1875, by Rev. H. M. Daniel, pastor, with the following membership: Seth Lathrop, E. M. Stokes C. W. I^arker, L. H. Page, Geo. S. Webber, Harvey Page, Geo. W. Jones, Chas. N Mason, Mrs. F. B. Daniel, Mrs. Ella La throp, Mrs. Janes Stokes, Mrs. Ella K Parker, Miss Kittie Gray, Miss Ida Stokes Mrs. Geo. S. Webber, Mrs. C. E. Page, Miss Etta Page. The church labored under many disad- vantages for several years, but constantly in- creased in membership. While the members went from place to place to worship in the beginning of their career, they soon found tliemselves able to erect a modest church building. In this they worshiped for some time. The membership of this church now numbers about 400, and they have one of the handsomest church buildings in the city, located at the corner of Harwood and Bryan streets, and costing, with the lot, $30,000. Rev. Mr. McCune succeeded the organizer, Rev. Mr. Daniel, and Rev. C. I. Scofleld, who is the present pastor, succeeded Rev. McCune. Dr. Scofleld has been pastor now for about nine years, and is one of the most popular and eloquent divines in the city. The present deacons of the church are: H. Page, Theodore Mosier, E. M. Powell, Will Nason, William Kirkland, Morgan, Lu- ther Reese. This denomination has establised two missions in east Dallas and a church for the colored people in the city. Baptist Church. — July 30, 1868, a presby- tery consisting of the following ordained Baptist ministers, met in Dallas for the pur- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 323 pose of organizing a Baptist Church, namely: Kev. W. W. Harris, Rev. J. F. Pinson, W. B. Long and W. J. Bowen. They effected an organization with the following members: E. G. Mays, W. L. Williams, John Ilanna, L. B. Williams, M. L. Bowen, C. £. Mays, A. C. Mays, N. E. Collins, Martha Seegar, S. C. Akard and M. E. Kerfoot, and named it "The First Baptist Church of Dallas." The growth of this church has been most wonderful. It has at present a membership of about 700 and one of the handsomest and most costly church buildings in the State, costing $100,000; location on Battison avenue and North Ervay street. The follow- ing pastors have served this church since it was lirst established, viz.: Rev. W. W. Harris, elected August 22, 1868 " C. A. Stanton, " October 1, 1871 " A. Weaver, financial agent for the church, elected May 9, 1872. After serving in this capacity was elected pastor, assisted by Rev. G. T. Wilburn. liev. G. W. Rogers, elected January 23, 1876 " J. H. Curry, " '< 1, 1878 " R. T. Hanks, " " 1, 1883 " A. M. Sims, " — , 1890 Un the 30th day of June, 1892, Rev. A. M. Sims retired from the pastorate, so the church is at present without a pastor. One, liowever, will be elected at an early date. The following are the present deacons: W. L. Williams, S. L. May, W. R. Howell, J. L. Williams, E. P. Marshal, E. T. Lewis, J. F. Warren. The Second Baptist Church (Rev. A. B. Ingram, pastor), situated on Corinth street, was organized in 1889, by Rev. R. T. Hanks, pastor First Church, and W. L. Williams, one of the deacons. Washington Avenue Church (Rev. Thomas S. Potts, pastor), was organized in 1888, with 30 members, by Rev. S. J. Anderson, missionary, under the auspicies of the First Baptist Church. It has now a very large membership, and is in very flourishing condi- tion. Lake Avenue Church was organized in 1891. Present pastor, Rev. Mr. Millican. Christian Churches. — ^In 1846 Elder Thacker B. Griffin organized the first "Chris- tian" Church in Dallas county, and in 1852 Dr. B. F. Hall organized the first "Christian" Church in the city of Dallas. This First Christian Church of Dallas has grown very rapidly here in the city and has erected a large and handsome edifice at the corner of Bryan and Pearl streets. They have no regular pastor at present. In this interval, while the church is seeking a pastor, General R. M. Gano, an eloquent and influ- ential preacher in the city, who has retired from the active service, preaches occasionally. □ 7%e Central Christian Church, organized in 1875, is the largest church of this denom- ination in the city. Elder M. M. Davis, an able and eloquent preacher, is pastor. It has one of the finest church buildings in Dal- las, costing $65,000; membership, 600. It is situated at the corner of Patterson avenue and Mastin steeet. 824 HIsrOHY OF DALLAS COUNTY. OAK CLIFF. This beautiful residence city is situated southwest of the city of Dallas, beyond the Trinity river, about three quarters of a mile fron the courthouse square, on an elevated plateau over looking the city and surrounding country. Its superior elevation presents to the \ision most charming and varied scenes of beauty over the sweeping prairies, and the cross timbers that cluster on the banks of the Trinity, and to the inhabitants the coolest and most desiraljle dwelling places in all Texas. The cool breezes are continually wafted from the bosom of the Gulf over the rolling prairies, making the days and nights in the most heated seasons cool and delight- ful and Oak Cliff a place greatly sought after. The founding of this city was in 1887, by the enterprising and gifted T. L. Marsalis, a a Tuuch admired, wealthy business man, who for some time was an extensive wholesale groceryman of Dallas. Discerning far the future of Dallas, and seeing her rapidly at- taining the proportions of a great city, this gentleman bought here, at a cost of half a million dollars, 2,000 acres of land so propi- tiously located, especially for residences, and had it in a large measure platted, streets laid out and paved with elegant sidewalks. It now, in this short time, since 1887, possesses a population of 7,000, and most attractive residences, some costing $50,000. Some of the most prominent and wealthy men of the city and State have moved here and have lovely homes. A railroad costing $400,000 sweeps around from the city of Dallas through Oak Cliff, returning to Dallas almost in a circle, every few minutes, thereby affording most ample and happy accommodations to the public. This is the only railroad in the South operated on the same plan as the New York elevated railroad. Many manufacturing es- tablishments of various kinds are located here. Among the number is E. G. Patton & Com- pany's great patent medicine laboratory and the Texas Paper Mills, the only mills of the kind in the State; also several business houses to supply the demands of the inhabitants. There is also an electric light plant, costing $25,000, and waterworks costing $50,000, operated here for the benefit of the population of this city. All religious denominations have places of worship here. Some of them have erected elegant churches. There are the very best educational advantages offered the public. A $80,000 public-school building is now being erected. Besides the several private schools, a female institution of learning, called the Oak Clitf Female College, will open a most lovely and attractive, as well as commodious, building, in the coming fall season, with a large number of students already enlisted un- der the efficient management of Prof. M. Thomas Edgerton, president, a distinguished educator from Tennessee, and lately presi- dent of the Waco (Texas) Female College. The handsome buikiing in which this college will open cost $100,000. The Catholic de - HISTOKY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 325 nomination has an orphans' home in an at- tractive hiiikiing. There are beautiful and charming lawns, drives, parks and lakes skirting this city, making as has been very appropriately said, "Oak Cliff to Dallas what Brooklyn is to New York." As a means of pleasure a sum- mer theater is located in one of the large parka, iit which summer opera companies and amateur plays entertain the public. In 1890 this city was incorporated by a special act of the legislature and made a sep- arate government within itself, The follow- ing are the present officers: F. N. Oliver, mayor; W. F. Daugherty, secretary, W. H. II. Smith, marshal; C. R. Buddy, treasurer. Aldermen:.!. W. Roach, J. L. Means, W. D. Henderson, R. P. Toole, Clinton Jack. OAK CLIFF COLLEGE FOR YOUNG LADIES. Among the many enterprises that will add 80 much to the prosperity of this beautiful little city is the Oak Cliff College for Young Ladies. A hotel, costing upwards of $100,000 was constructed two years ago, and was designed to accommodate both summer and winter visitors, and it is easily heated by steam and and thoroughly comfortable in winter and airy and well ventilated in the summer. It is four stories high. In the matter of ap- pointments and furnishings, it is unsurpassed by any other in the State. This magnificent building, with its entire equipments, have been leased for a term of years by a corpora- tion, the Oak Cliff College for Young La- dies, with M. Thos. Edgerton, president; S. II. Landrum, secretary; A. G. Keichart, treasurer; and the first floor of this hotel has been re-arranged and furnished elegantly for a chapel, recitation rooms, music, art and elo- cution schools, while the three upper floors are left unchanged for the young ladies of the boarding department. The Oak Cliff College, into which this hotel will be converted September 7th, is chartered exclusively for the graduation and accomplishment of young ladies, and is des- tined to be the leading college in the South. The leading and salient features of this col- lege are its high standard of excellence ex- pected to be attained and the non- sectarian character of its religions influence. In these respects it will occupy a vacant field in Southern education, and take the leading place among the colleges for young women in the educational system of Texas. The Oak Cliff College is not designed to be local or sectional or sectarian. It is es- tablished not for Dallas alone, but for Texas and the South; not for denomination or sect, but for society and God. The institution ig chartered with full powers from the State to confer degrees, award diplomas and certifi- cates. So sure is the writer that this will bo one of the permanent institutions of Dallas county, and that in after years coming gen- erations will be glad to read the names of the teachers from whom their mothers received their education, we give its first faculty: General Officers: M. Thomas Edgerton, president; S. II. Laridrum, secretary and A. G. Reichert, treasurer. 330 lIItiTOliY OF DALLAS 00UNT7. Literary department: M. Thomas Edger- toii, mental atid irioral sciences; Miss Annie Niciiols, natural science and liistory; Miss Elizabetii Mason (uf Toronto University), modern languages; A. Sumpter Laird, A. B., mathematics and ancient languages; J. IL Gillespie (principal Hill's business college), professor of pennianshij) and superintendent of business course, and Mrs. Dickey Land- ruin, intermediate work. Conservatory of music: A. (i. lleichert, director piano and violin, and W. E. White, jiiano. S. IL Landrum ((Tcrnian school) principal. Elocution and piiysical culture (Delsarte system), Mrs. Z. II. Lassetor, principal. Boarding home: Mrs. V. Belle Edgerton, proprietor and manager; Mrs. C. 0. Collins, assistant manager, and R. S. Gilbert, family physician. Board of trustees: B. Blankenship, Jno. F. Elliott, P. Sanger, J. B. Adouo, J. T. Dar- gan, T. L. Marsalis, E. G. Patton, A. IL Fields, F. N. Oliver, .1. W. Crowdus and A. T. Watts. We copy from the Oak Cliff Weekly Jour- nal an account of the reception given by the president, Professor M. Thomas Edgerton, including the speech of welct>me made by Mayor Oliver. In response to invitations sent out by Prof. M. Thomas Edgerton and the management of the Oak Clifl College and Conservatory of Music, which open on Sej)toml)er 7, some three hundred of the citizens of Oak VA'iW and Dallas were present and most magnifi- cently entertained at the Oak Cliff on Tues- day night. The genial tnanager, Mr. Las- seter, Mrs. T. L. Marsalis and other guests of the hotel extended a most cordial welcome to the visitors and made all feel at ease. Not a little enthusiasm was manifest on the part of the visitors at the great proportions of the building, its comforta])lo appointirients, and thorough adaptability to the purp(;se for which it will soon be dedicated and used. The spacious and elegant dining hail was thrown open and twice filled by the visitors and iced confections atid dainties were served by a trained corps of waiters. After refresh- ments had been enjoyed, an adjonrnment to the chapel in the basement was had. Here long rows of school desks were filled with the audience who listened to addresses by Colonel John F. Elliott and Mayor Oliver, in which Oak Cliff's future was pictured in roseate hue, and the citizens of the two cities con- gratulated on the good future of securing such a school with such a faculty as is promised in the Oak Cliff College and Conservatory of Music. Professor Edgerton was introduced by Colonel P]lliott, and responded in a short ad- dross, in which he spoke of the faculty as be- ing selected for their experience, their refine- ment and their proficiency. He promised a home more than a boiirding sciiool to the young ladies entrusted to their care and said that the school would be strictly non-secta- rian. Sweet music was rendered on the violin and piano by members of the music faculty, niSTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 337 and the visitors were shown over the entire biiikling. The accommodatinjr Oak (Miff railway management placed an extra train at the dis- posal of the vi8it(>r8 without cost. ADDRESS OF MAYOR V. N. OLIVER. Friends of Dallas and Oak Cliff: It affords me boundless pleasure to seo and meet bo many of you on this auspicious oc- casion. It confirms the long cherished hope that there is a feeling here that the time has come when we should educate our daughters at homo; that by fouiuling lirst-class insti- tutions of learning it will enable a great many of our citizens of Te.xas to educate their daughters who could not send them to distant colleges. There is no reason why we should not have better colleges in Texas than in Kentucky, Virginia, Tennessee, or any other State. Virginia stands in American liistory as the model of intellectual prowess and civil governmeut. What did it? Echo rolls back the answer: Her colleges, her uni- versities! What gives Virginia the golden title of " the mother of statesmen," of great and sciiolarly women? Echo rolls down the pages of history both in peace and war, the answer: The charitable and grand cliaracter of her people in founding and maintaining her own institutions of learning. Proper education of woman is tlie safe- guard of nations, and the guiding star of our best civilization. We possess nothing of virtue tiiat does not owe its character to woman. To her education is what the sun is to nature — life, development, the com- munication of knowledge, the discipline of the intellect, the establishment of principle, the enthronement of character, and the regu- lation of the heart. Upon her development of mind and lieart, the wisdom and charity of mankind should forever dwell. Dallas, the metropolis of Texas and tho Southwest, has given her attention in the past cliieHy to business, and I feel duty bound to say that we can increase her great business and financial importance hy making her the seat of learning of Texas and the Southwest. Boston is recognized as one of the largest financial, commercial and manufacturing cities of the world, and at the same time it is admitted to be the seat of learning and culture of the United States. In this respect she gets her reputation from her neighboring residence city of colleges, Cambridge — the home of the immortal Longfellow, Holmes, and others sacred in history and song. Tiie good people of our little city. Oak Cliff, desire to join hands with its great com- mercial neighbor in the building of institu- tions of learning in our midst. One great college should do well at Oak Cliff; yes, five well appointed colleges should do well, and there is no reason why we should not have them. They are the power and ballast of all that are good. Texas is estimated to have about 100,000 girls between the ages of fourteen and twenty years. One thousand of these girls should be educated here, each year, at five colleges, with 200 in each college. We hope to open 328 HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY- this college on September 7th with at least 250 young ladies of Oak Cliif, Dallas, and other parts of Texas. This is only the coni- inencemeut of an era of educational institu- tions at Oak Cliff, which is Dallas, one and the same. This magnificent building, sitting as it does like the eagle of forethought on its prairie apex, kissed by the healthful breezes in their grand ascent from the sea, dedicated to-nicrht by the providence of God and the wisdom and co-operation of the people, is complete in all its appointments for a great college for young ladies provided with a faculty under Frof. Edgerton, equal to any in our country. And the people of Texas may feel assured that this will be a college for the education of their daughters in fact as well as in name. From the mind and heart of this splendid faculty both pupil and patron will learn that. These struggling tides of life that seem In tireless onward course to tend, Are eddies of the mighty stream That rolls to its appointed end. Now, with the earnest co-operation of us all, the twin cities at the head of navigation of tlie Trinity will march forward in their grandeur, the counterpart of Boston and Cambridge, the greatest commercial, tiiiancial and manufacturing center and seat of learn- ing of the Southwest. Oak Cliff Methodist Episcopal Church, South, called St. Paul's, was organized in 1888 by Rev. C. G. Shutt, with a mem- bership of twenty-five or thirty. Pres- ent pastor, Rev. Mr. Armstrong. Mem- bership, 350. Sunday-school membership 150. SOCIETIES AT OAK CLIFF. Altar Society of St. Patrick's Church, or- ganized 1889. Membership thirty-one. Catholic Ladies' Aid Society, for the benefit of the poor, organized 1890. Member- ship 100. Children's Meeting of Central Christian Church, organized 1888. Membership 150. Earnest Workers' Oak Cliff Presbyterian Church, organized May, 1891. Mem- bership fifteen. Home Mission and Church Extension So- ciety of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Dallas, Texas; chartered December 3, 1890. Ladies' Missionary Society of the First Bap- tist Church. Reorganized 1884. Mem- bership fifty. Ladies' Benevolent Society of the First Bap- tist Church. Organized 1884. Member- ship forty. Ladies' Aid Society of Oak Cliff Church. Organized December, 1890. Member- ship sixteen. Ladies' Aid Society of Washington Avenue Baptist Church. Organized 1884. Mem- bership forty-four. Ladies' Missionary Society of the Central Christian Church. Organized 1887. Membership seventy-five. Ladies' Aid Society of the Church of the In- nisTonr of Dallas county. aao carnation. Meets niontlily at the rec- tory. Ladies' Aid Society of tlie (Central Clinrcli. Organized August, 1881. Membership 100. Ladies' Aid Society of the Floyd Street Methodist Epif^copal Church, South. Organized 1885. Membership twenty. Ladies' Aid Society of Oak Lawn Methodist Episcopal Church, South. Organized March, 1890. Membership twenty -five. Ladies' Aid Society of the Second Presby- terian Church. Organized 1886. Mem- bership thirty-tive. Ladies' Aid Society of the First Cumberland Presbyterian Church. Meets the first Friday in each month, at the church. Ladies' Aid Society of Oak Cliff Presby- terian Church. Organized September, 1890. Membership twenty-five. Ladies' Missionary Society of Exposition Park Presbyterian Church. Organized April, 1891. Membership eleven. Olive Branch Society of the Second Baptist Church. Organized 1888. Member- ship fifty. Sisters of the Christian Church. Organized 1889. Meets every Wednesday at 3:30 p M., at the church. Society of the Apostleship of Prayer, of St. Patrick's Church, Organized 1888. Membership fifty. Sodality of the Children of Mary. Organized 1880. Membersiiip tliirty-tive. Sodality of the Holy Angels. Organized 1889. Membership si.xty. Texas Tract Society of Seventh -Day Ad- ventist Church. Depository off Mid- way station, Oak Cliff. Woman's Foreign Missionary Society of tlie Tabernacle Methodist Episcopal Church. Organized 1890; membership twenty. Woman's Christian Temperance Union. Meeting and reading rooms, 113 South St. Paul street, corner of Commerce. Woman's Missionary Society of tlie First Cumberland Presbyterian Church. Meets the first Friday of each month, at the church. Young People's Society of Christian En- deavor of the First Cumberland Presby- terian Church. Meets the first Friday of each month, at the church. LANCASTER. This is one of the largest and most inter- esting towns in the county. It is located fourteen miles south of the city of Dallas, on the banks of Ten-Mile creek, in one of the richest agricultural countries in the State. It has the advantage of two lines of railroad: the Missouri, Kansas & Texas, running from the city of Dallas by it to Hillsboro, joining the main line at that point, and a trunk line of the Houston & Texas Central Railroad, extending from Ilutvhins. These two lines have each a depot in the town, thereby giving easy access to the commercial world. It has twelve or fifteen business houses, representing all lines of merchandise. Some of the lead- ing establishments are: W. P. Johnson, gen- eral merchandise ; J. II. Molfett, general 330 UISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. merchandise; W. P. Coolidge & Co., general merchandise; K. E. Taylor & Co., druggists; John A. Rogers, druggist. Lancaster has two roller mills and three cotton gins, which turn out the very best quality of work. The religious denomina- tions, Methodist, Baptist, Christian and Presbyterian, are represented here. Each has a large and handsome church building, and large and flourishing congregations. Lancaster boasts of two of the best schools of all the towns of its population in the State, namely, the Lancaster Masonic Institute and the Lancaster Female Institute. Each has a superior faculty, a high curriculum, and a very extensive patronage. They are institu- tions of whicii any town may well feel proud. The Masonic and Odd Fellows fraternities each iiave an organization here and a large membership. Lancaster is one among the oldest towns in tlie county, but had never made any rapid stride of improvement until a few years of late. It was incorporated in May, 1886, and since then has rapidly grown in every respect. The following are the articles of incorpor- ation in full, as made by the county judge on the minutes of the Commissioners' Court of Dallas county: Whereas, on the 20th day of April, 1886, P. N. Taylor, J. W. Baskiu, J. A. Lindsey and more than twenty others, residents of the village of Lancaster, in Dallas county, Texas, tiled an application in the office of the county judge of said Dallas county, Texas, asking that an election be held to determine whether or not the town situated upon the land hereinafter described, to wit, the town of Lancaster, Dallas county, Texas, should be incorporated under the general laws of the State of Texas with the following limits, to wit: Beginning at a point 1,244^ yards south 45° east from the center of the public square in said town of Lancaster; thence north one mile, a stake. Thence west one mile, a stake; thence south one mile, a stake; thence east one mile, to the place of begin- ning, and Whereas, on said 20tli day of April, 1886, an election was ordered by me for the above stated purpose, and J. A. Lindsey ap- pointed to preside at the election, and Whereas, on the 1st day of May, A. D. 1886, said election was duly held in accord- ance with the statute in such cases made and provided, and resulted in a majority of the qualified voters in said boundaries voting in said election to wit: Sixty voters in favor of incorporating said town of Lancaster, and no votes being cast in opposition thereto, It is therefore ordered that the inhabitants of the town of Lancaster within the bound- aries herein before described, be and the same are hereby incorporated under the pro- visions of Title No. 17, Chapter 2, of the Revised Statutes of the State of Texas. And it is further ordered that an election be held in said town of Lancaster by the qualified voters residing within the corpor- ate limits of the same, for the purpose of electing a mayor, a marshal and live alder- men for said town, on the 22d day of May, A. D. 1886, at the office of the justice of the peace in said town. J A. Lindsey is hereby appointed presidin:j; office to hold said elec- tion and make due returns thereof. Witness my hand this 5th day of May, 1886. E. G. Bower, County Judge. Attest: "W. M. C. Hill, Clerk. by W. A. UuDsoN, Deputy. niSTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 381 The first officers of the incorporated town, as above set out, according to the returns of the election ordered in said articles of incor- poration, were: E. T. King, mayor; J. A. Lindsey, marshal; R. P. Henry, L. B. Howell, W. Y. Perry, A. H. Rawlins and J. W. George, aldermen. GARLAND. Among the most prominent towns in the county outside the city of Dallas, is Gar- land. It is situated on Duck creek, about seventeen miles in a northeasterly direction from the city of Dallas, at the junction of the Missouri, Kansas & Te.xas and the Gulf, Colorado & Santa Fe railroads, and near the Bite of the old town of Duck Creek. In 1886 the Gulf, Colorado & Santa Fe railroad was located, and its line run about one mile east of the town of* Duck Creek, and a town was at once laid out on the railroad and called Embree. after Dr. K. II. Embree, one of the leading physicians of Duck Creek, which latter adopted the name of the new town and ere long began moving near the railroad, and within a year's time all the business houses of old Duck Creek were doing business in a live little railroad town called Embree. But the quiet of the new town was soon disturbed by the advent of another railroad. The Missouri, Kansas & Texas located a line from Dallas to Greenville, running through the county near Embree, and another town was begun under the name of the old town that was over on thp creek, and then sprung up a rivalry between the two new towns. Duck Creek and Embree. At first Embree had the advantage, as that was the name of the post office, but Duck Creek was fighting for it, while Embree was fighting to retain it. Many interesting scenes and circumstances attended this scramble for a name, including midnight rides to Dallas and back with an officer to restrain one or the other of tlie towns from incorporating and thus more firmly fixing its name, and giving it prece- dence over the other. After a brief period of time, though the efforts of Hon. Thomas F. Nash and several other prominent citizens of Duck Creek, the name of the post office was changed from Embree to Garland (after the then postmaster general), and at once Duck Creek adopted the name of the new post office, and " on the home-run Garland gained on her adversary and passed under the wires a full length ahead." Then com- menced the decline of the Embree end of the new town, and ere many months those same houses which had been moved from old Duck Creek to Embree were moved down to Garland, and Embree is now numbered among the things of the past. In 1891 Garland incorporated, and now does business in a city-like manner, with M. Davis Williams as mayor (1892). The fol- lowing is the charter: " WiiKiiKAs, An election was held in ac- cordance with law, on the 18th day of April, 1891, to determine whether within the terri- tory embraced within the hereinafter described limits should be incorporated under the name of the 'Town of Garland;' and 339 UIBTORY OF DALLAS GOONTY. "Whereas, At said election seventy-one qualified voters residing in said territory voted ' corporation,' and one qualified voter voted 'no corporation;' and whereas a major- ity of the votes were cast in favor of incor- poration of said territory, to wit: Situated in the county of Dallas, State of Texas, and beginning at southwest corner of W. A. Tinsley's farm; thence north with his line to the southwest corner of J. II. Moss' lot; thence east with said lot to the southeast corner of same; thence north to the east line of the Gulf, Colorado & Santa Fe right of way; thence northeast with said right of way to the north line of the right of way of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas railway; thence west with the north line of said right of way to a point due north of the northwest corner of 0. L. Brunton's lot; thence south to the north line of tlie old town of Embree, as shown on the town plat; thence west to a point due north of northwest corner of the Garland College block; thence south to the northwest corner of A. J. Beaver's block; thence west to the northwest corner of Dr. K. H. Embree's lot; thence south to the north side of the road running between K. H. Embree and 11. Noetzli; thence west with the north side of said road to the southwest corner of G. W. James' pasture; thence north, G. W. James' west line to the Dallas and Greenville dirt road; thence north with east line of said road to a point east of J. D. Kobinson's northeast corner; thence west eighty-five (85) yards; thence south to the east bank of Duck creek; thence south with the east bank of Duck creek to the northwest corner of James Capp's land; thence in an easterly direction with the meanderings of James Capp's line to the northeast corner of James Ca{)p's farm ; thence north with Mrs. H. E. Pace's west line to her northwest cor- ner; thence east with said Mrs. Pace's north line to the place of begirming; — " Now, therefore I, E. G. Bower, county judge of Dallas county, Texas, do hereby de- clare the inhabitants of the above described territory to be incorporated within the bound- aries thereof, under and by virtue of the laws of the State of Texas, and under Title 17, Chapter 11, of the Revised Statutes of the State of Texas; and by virtue of the au- thority in me vested by law, I hereby order an election to be held by the qualified voters residing within said territory, on Monday, the 4th day of May, 1891, for one mayor, one marshal, and five aldermen. The polls shall be opened at some suitable place within said territory, and Sim Bethol is appointed presiding officer of said election (he being the regular presiding officer of said precinct, appointed by the commissioners' court of Dallas county at its February term, 181)1). "Given under my hand and the seal of the county court of Dallas county, Texas, April 21, 1891. (Signed), "[l. s.] E. G. Bowek, '■'■County Judge Dallas County, Teaxis.^' The first officers of the incorporated town as above set out, according to the returns of the election ordered in said articles of incor- poration, were: M. Davis Williams, mayor; Tobe Ethridge, marshal; S. E Scott, J. N. Floyd, J. R. Brown, S. A. Allen and J. D. Curfman, aldermen. The feelings of animosity that once existed between the two towns has disappeared, and Garland's citizens are all proud of her and are working together for the common good of the town, — an evidence of which is a four thousand dollar college building, completed two years ago; and Garland is already be- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 3:!3 coming somewhat noted for her educational facilities. All the religious deiiomiuations are represented, though there are only two church buildings in the town proper, — the Christian and the Baptist, — the other denom- inations using the college hall in which to hold their services. The Baptist and Meth- odist deuoniinations each had established churches here long before the town of Gar- land was thought of, not in the town, nor where the town now is, but near it, on Duck creek; and a little farther down the creek was the " Christian," or, as it is sometimes called the " Campbellite, " Church. Since the building of the town, the Baptists and Chris- tians have each built a church in town, and the Methodists have purchased a lot prepar- atory to building, as have also the Cumber- land Presbyterians. The pastors of the different denominations for this year (1892) are: Baptist, Rev. J. A. Moore; Methodist, Rev. J. M. McKee; Cumberland Presbyte- rian, Rev. L. A. Dunlap; Christian, Rev. C. L. Cole. This little town also has its share of secret societies. The Masons and Odd Fellows have each a hall, and the lodges are known as Duck Creek Lodge, No. 441, A. F. & A. M., and Duck Creek Lodge, No. 304, L O. O. F. The Knights of Honor also have a lodge, — Duck Creek Lodge, No. 2,729. All of these have a good membership. The principal business houses are: J. D. Curfman, general merchandise; Crossman Brothers, f^rocers; Brown & Hoygood, gen- eral merchandise; Mark Elliston & Company, general merchandise; Beaver, Scott & Will- as iaras, general merchandise; William Brothers, undertakers and furniture dealers; Clark & Sebastian, hardware; C. C. Bradley, hardware and farming implements; Sam C. Uall, drug- gist; Pacific Drug Store, Dr. R. E. Summers, proprietor; W. T. Jackson, liquors and cigars; eJ. T. Newshaw, blacksmith and carriage shops; Weaver & W^ells, livery and feed sta- bles; Tinsley & Parker, meat market; City Barber Shop, H. L. Erwin, proprietor; Bird Cage Barber Shop, John C. Green, proprietor. Aside from tliose mentioned are several others which the writer does not now recall. Among the professional men of the town are: T. F. Nash, attorney at law; R. E. Sumners, K. H. Embree, J. V. Kyon, T. S. Walker, J. D. JacksonandE.il. Ayres, physicians. The Garland News, the only newspaper published in Garland, is issued weekly by John H. Cullom, its founder, who began publishing it there about five years ago. All in all. Garland is one of the most thriving and energetic country towns in the county, and is surrounded by one of the richest sections of country in the State. MESQUITE. There is a thriving little town of 000 popu- lation, situated on the high prairie twelve miles east of Dallas City on the Texas «fe Pacific railroad. It was established in 1872 as a railroad station. Being located in a rich prairie country it soon took rapid growtii and developed into an attractive little town. The first settlers were Major Bradfield, the station agent, and J. J. Gallaher. Only a few scat- 334 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNT F. tering farms were in the country at that time; now the surrounding country is a perfect mat of farms, so to speak. No town in the county possesses more en- terprising citizens according to her popula- tion than Mesquite. She has at present the following business houses: Knox and Kimbrough, general merchan- dise. E. P. and J. P. Paschall, general merchan- dise. Cr. M. Gross, druggist. G. B. Gross, druggist. J. D. Wesson, groceries. J. C Riigel, hardware and farm imple- ments. George W. Quinn, blacksmithing. M. C. Brownfield, blacksmithing. J. H. Casey, saloon. J. F. Lynch, saloon. G. H. Brown, saddlery and harness. F. M. Moore, hotel and livery stable. II. W. Bounds, photographer. J. M. Ebrite, postmaster and dealer in confectioneries. Ebrite & Walker, lumber dealers. There is here printed a iirst-class weekly newspaper; edited by the talented Hon. E. S. Kimbrough, the present State senator from this district. It is wide-awake, enterprising and aggressive. In fact, it could not be otherwise, being edited by the bold and fear- less senator. This paper was established by Mr. Kim- brough, in 1882, and has a very extensive circulation not only in Dallas county, but also in other counties. Besides Mr. Kimbrough, there is another citizen living at Mesquite who is well known for his ability in the legislative halls of Texas, — Hon. J. C. Rugel. This gentleman served a term in the State Legislature and had a career of honor. Four denonimations worship regularly here, and each has a creditable church build- ing, viz.: The Baptist, Itev. Thomas Pinson, pastor: the Methodist, J. B. Adair, pastor; the Presbyterian, A. F. Stone, pastor; the Christian, — , pastor. In addition to the church organizations there are the secret orders, which add much to the interest of the town, named: Science Lodge, No. 295, A. F. & A. M., S. B. Mar- shall, W- J^il ; J- C. Rugel, secretary. Mes- quite Lodge, No. 2,996, K. of H., G. B. Gross, dictator; J. C. Rugel, reporter. The physicians are Drs. D. A. Paschall, John O'Callaghan and W. C. Cullom. The school at this place is the pride of the citizens. A commodious house is furnished, and able teachers are always employed. It is conducted about six months in each year. There are two cotton gins in the com- munity near the town, and each gin annually from 2,500 to 3,500 bales of cotton. This little town marketed last year 4,114: bales of cotton. It is also a first-class shipping place for small grain and cattle. The town was incorporated in 1887, and the present city officers are: J. E. Russell, mayor; W. H. Parker, marshal. Aldermen — T. L. Paschall, R. S. Kimbrough, J. C. Rugel, G. D. Gross, J. D. Brunner. The following HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. ;!85 are the articles of incorporation incorporating tile town of Mesqiiite, as appears on tlie Commissioners' Court minutes: WuKKEAs, on ti»e 16tli day of November, A. I). 1887, J. M. Knox and twenty-four otlier resident citizens of the village of Mes- quite, in Dallas county, Texas, tiled an ap- plication in the office of the county judge of said county asking that an election be held to determine whether or not the town sit- uated upon the land hereinafter described, to wit: The town of Mesquite, Dallas county, Texas, should be incorporated under the general laws of the State of Texas with the following limits, to wit: Beginning at the southeast corner of the W. Lakey survey; thence west with said line to a point north and opposite the northeast corner of the S. D. Carver survey; thence south on D. S. Carver's east line to a point one hundred (100) yards south of the northwest corner of L. L. Thompson's tract; thence east to the west line of the .1. R. Worrell survey; thence north with said line to the Texas & Pacific railroad; thence east to tlie Texas & Pactic railroad tank; thence north to a point in the John McDaniel survey and immediately east and opposite the southeast corner of the W. Lakey survey; thence west to place of beginning; and, whereas, on said 16th day of November, 1887, an election was ordered by rae for the above stated purposes; and R. S. Kimbrough was appointed presiding offi- cer of same; and, whereas, on December 3d, 1887, said election was held in accordance with the statute in such case made and pro- vided, and resulted in a majority of the quali- tied voters in said boundaries voting at said election, to wit: twenty-five voters in favor of incorporating said town of Mesquite and fourteen voters against. It is tiierefore or- dered that the said town of Mesquite with the boundaries hereinbefore described be and the same is hereby incorporated under the provisions of Title No. 17, Chapter 2, of the Revised Statutes of the State of Texas; and it is further ordered that an election be held on Friday, December 23, 1887, in said town of Mesquite by the qualified voters residing within the limits thereof for the purpose of electing a mayor, a marshal and five alder- men for said town. R. S. Kimbrough is hereby appointed presiding officer of said election and is ordered to make due return thereof as required by law. Said election to be held at I. D. Browder's store in said town. Given under my hand this 10th day of December, A. D. 1887. E. G. BowEE, County Judge, Dallas County, Texas. Attest: W. M. C. Hill, Clerk, By S. J. Brooks, Deputy. The first officers of the incorporated town as above set out according to the returns of the election ordered in said articles of incor- poration were: J. E. Russell, mayor; S. E. Champion, marshal; J. M. Talley, L. L. Thompson, G. B. Gross, R. S. Kitnbrough and I. D. Browder, aldermen. CEDAR lilLL. This place took its name from the cedar breaks on Mountain creek, which runs a short distance from the town. It is the second oldest town in the county, coming next to Dallas in age. It is situated on a high prairie hill, nineteen miles soutiiwest of the city of Dallas, and in 1856 experienced the sad fate of being blown ^way by a storm, 336 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTT. leaving only two houses and killing eleven persons! The soil of the country surround- ing Cedar Hill is of that mixture of white lime and black soil as to make it superior for small grain particularly, as wheat and oats. This soil is also well adapted to cotton. Cedar Hill is a fine shipping point. The Gulf, Colorado & Sante Fe railroad has a depot there on the line reaching from Dallas to Cleburne, and the citizens are thereby afforded ample means of shipping all their produce. The following persons are engaged in bus- iness here: Strauss & Bro., general merchandise. Dr. R. A. Roberts, »^ J^gJ~ /^ /f^U^Cr~^ol/ HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 337 He is a :iative of North Carolina, an affable, congenial and talented gentleman. He has been connected officially in the county for several years, and his career has ever been clean and acceptable to every one. He is regarded as being one of the most popular gentlemen in the county. So great is his popularity that during the present campaign now before the people, every office of the county is contested by a different candidate except his for district clerk. He is a candi- date again for this office, and up to this date, July 8, 1892, he has no opponent. Well may the little town of Cedar Hill esteem her most excellent and superior citizen, Hon. Joeepli H. Stewart! RICHARDSON. This village lies eleven miles northeast of the city of Dallas, and is situated on the Houston & Texas Central railroad. It was established in 1872 as a railroad station, and has grown to be an attractive little town with about 300 population, three churches and six stores, a Masonic lodge, and also an Odd Fellows organization. A postoffice was es- tablished here early after it began to grow into a town. Tiie citizens here are enter- prising and are abreast with the times. They have one of the best schools in that section of the county. It is a combination of the pub- lic and private schools. The town is located in a beautiful and rich agricultnral section of the county. The far- mers are thrifty, and Richardson is a great grain and cotton shipping point. Consider- ing its population it is one of the best towns in the county for business and enterprise. 'UDGE NATHANIEL M. BURFORJ) was born in the State of Tennessee, June 24, 1824, and is a son of John and Nancy (McAlister) Burford, natives North Carolina and Virginia respect- ive ly. The parents were pioneers of Ten- nessee, and were married in that State. The father was a farmer by occupation. He served as Captain in the war of 1812, and distinguished himself for bravery and courage. He ended a long and useful career in 1862. His wife died in 1870. They were sturdy, noble souls, people of great integrity and nobility of character, and representative types of the early settler. Na- thaniel M. grew to maturity in his native State. After a careful preparation by private tutors he entered Irving College, and took the full course of that institution. He then read law, and was admitted to the bar in 1845, beginning an active practice the fol- lowing year. In January, 1847, he removed to Texas, and settled in Jefferson, where he resided until October 8, 1848, at which time he settled in Dallas, where he has been a prominent factor in the development and progress of the State. So rapidly did he grow in popularity and public esteem that in 1850 he was elected District Attorney. He served the term with great satisfaction to his constituency, and was re-elected to the office in 1852. In 1856 he was elected Judge of the Fourteenth Judicial District, which comprised a wide territory. He traversed the section under liis jurisdiction in primi- 338 niHTORY OF DALLAS OOUNTY. tive 6tyle, and was always received with boun- teous liospitaiity by tlie settlers. During his adriiinistratioii tlio State was passing tlirongli a transition j)eriod, and many cases of grave and serious importance arose. Ills clear conception of tlie law, coupled with a promjit dt'cision and unflincliiiig adherence to liis convictions, enabled him to master the situation under all circumstances, and won for liiin a wide and lasting reputation. Dur- ing his official career he became the personal friend of General 'J'homas, and made the acquaintance of many other persons of dis- tinction. In 1802 Judge Jiurfoi'd was made Colonel of the Nineteentli Texas Cavalry in the Con- federate service, and held the position until 18(34, when he was oblijfed to resign on ac- count of ill health. lie resumed his legal practice, and was soon elected a member of the Eleventh Assembly of Texas, and was chosen Speaker of the House. lie was in 1876 again elected District Judge, an office which he resigned at the end of two years, on account of ill health. Since that time he iias been living a retired life. Judge Jiurford was united in marriage, in 1854, to Miss Mary Knight, a native of Ten- nessee. Eight children were born to them, four of whom survived the mother, who died in 1888. She was a faithful wife, a fond and careful mother, and a woman of great noble- ness of character. The children are named as follows: Mattie, the wife of William Free- man ; Robert Lee, Jeff. M., and Mary. The children have all enjoyed superior educational advantages, and have made the most of their opportunities. Their father has been a stu- dent all his life, and is one ol' the most cult- ured gentlemen in Dallas county. He is a member of the Episcopal Church, and for many years has served as Vestryman, lioth in public and private life he has lived above reproach, and Dallas county is proud to claim Nathaniel M. Bnrford as one of her repre- Bcuitative citizens. |||UDUL1'H GUNNEU is a progressive f^ business man of Dallas, Texas, of which city he has been a permanent resident since June, 1885, and successfully conducts a book-store, which [jrinifs him in a fair income lie was born in Zicin, Austria, December 15, 1883, the eldest of ninet((en children. His father was a wealthy business man and was twice elected mayor of the city in which he resided and was a member of the Austrian Lendtag. Rudolph (ilunner was educated in the naval academy at Ven- ice, and in 1851 entered the Austrian navy as naval cadet on board the frigate Venus. During the Crimean war he was in Constantinople, and in 1855 was in Egypt with the present King of Belgium, who was then Crown Price and in very feeble health. In 1867 he started on a two years' ci-uise on the frigate Caroline on the west coast of Africa, and in 1858-'59 was with the Arch- duke Maximilian in the Orient. After the battle of Solferino and the loss of Italy to Austria, Maximilian took up his residence in Miramae and Mr. Gunner also resided there as his Aid-de-camp, accompanying him in 1863 to England, Belgium and Paris, France, where the acceptance of the Mexican Empire was stipulated. When Maximilian accepted the crown of Mexico, A])ril 10, 18()4, Mr. Gunner accompanied him from Miramae on board the Austrian frigate Novarra, being nominated chief of the division of artillery. At Mexico he was created director of the (Jrand Chambilanat and Colonel in the UIHTOUY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 3;i9 Guarflia I'alatiiia, heiiig afterward iioiiiiiiated Chamberlain ami charged with the Tteiideii- cia de la Oosa Itiiperial. lie accompanied Empress Charlotte to Yucatan in 1805 and was sent to Eiiifland in 180(3 on important of- licial business. Upon his return to Mexico Maximilian began his movement from Orizaba to Queretaro and sent Mr. Gunner to assume command of the Imperial yacht Undine, destined to take Maximilian to Europe if he should abdicate the throne. Maximilian was shot at Queretaro June 19, 1807, and Mr. Gunner returned to Miramae with the yacht Undine, and re-entered the Austrian navy. In 1875 he settled at Tep- litz,Au8tria,a celebrated watering place, which was greatly damaged by a catastrophe in the coal mines, and Mr. Gunner lost all his ac- cumulations. lie came to San Antonio, Texas, in 1855, and in June of the same year to Dallas, where he has a well stocked book-store. 11 is eldest son is a private in the Third United States Cavalry liegimcnt. lie has a brother who is Austrian Consul General to Cairo, Egypt, and another brother who is Chief Surgeon of the Austrian lied Cross and who distinguished himself in the war with Russia. tS. GAUIilSON is the secretary and general manager of the Dallas Con- ' solidated Traction liailway Company, a position he has held since early in the year 18'J0. lie had been a citizen of Dallas since March, 1881, and immediately opened the Pacific Express Company's office, which he conducted until he resigned to accept his present position. He was horn in Schoharie county, Wew York, in 1850, the youngest of four children born to Aaron and Althena (Shorman) (irarrison, " York Staters " by birth and of English descent. The paternal tjrand- father was in the Colonial army during the Revolutionary war. Aaron Garrison was one of the first homeopathic physicians of this country, and in 1855 became a resident of La Salle county, Illinois, settling at Mendota, in which city and the surrounding country he built up a very extensive practice. In 1861, Quincy, Illinois, became his place of abode, but some years later he moved to Columbia, Missouri, where he was called from life in 1808, at which time lie was in the active practice of his profession. Ilis widow re- sides in Solano county, California. L. S. Garrison was educated in the schools of Mendota, Illinois, and finished his educa- tion in the State University at Columbia, Missouri and afterward at Cornell University, , New York, which institution he entered in 1869, class of 1873. He then entered the United States Express office at Moberly, Mis- souri, and a short time after was made private secretary of the Missouri division of the United States Express Company, with head- quarters at St. Louis. In that year he went to California and embarked in tiie cantiing of fruit at San Jose, being connected with the Golden Gate Packing Company, but upon his return to Missouri once more engaged in the express business, and in the winter of 1880 opened the first Pacific Express olfice in Texas. In March, 1881, as above stated, Dallas became his home. lie was married in St. Louis, in 1873, to Mrs. Amelia Amanda McMaster, a native of Ohio and a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Camp- bell, natives of Ohio, in which State the father lived and died. The mother is now a resid- ent of Kent, Ohio. IJy her first mar- riage Mrs. Garrison became the mother of two children: Wallace V. and Mary Frances, the 340 HI STOUT OF DALLAS COUNTY. latter being now Mrs. Cowden of Dallas. Mr. Garris(jn was a member of the City Council from the Third Ward one term and was president of the Board of Water Com- missioners. He served as Postmaster and Disbursing Agent under President Arthur. He is now president of the Expressmen's In- vestment Company of Dallas, wiiich was or- ganized in 1888 under the laws of the State of Texas. He is a thirty-seoond-degree Scottish Rite Mason, a charter memlierof the Ancient and Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, a member of the K. of P., and also of the A. O. U. W., Boone Lodge, of Boone county, Missouri and belonged to St_ Louis Lodge, No. 5. of the L O. O. F. He is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and is one of the original members of the Dallas Club. ^. ^ (HARLES B. GILLESPIE, who for many years was connected with the po- litical history of Dallas county, is the subject of the following brief biography. He was born in the State of Arkansas, in De- cember, 1854, and is a son of Coiistautine C. Gillespie, a native of Alabama. The moth- er's maiden name was liaynes, and she was from Tennessee. They emigrated to Arkan- sas early in the '40s, where the father prac- ticed medicine until his removal to Dallas in 1867, and lived there until his death in 1887. He was a man of rare intelligence and fine mental attainments, honored and respected by all who knew him. Charles B. attended the common schools, where his advantages were very limited; by close application, how- ever, he acquired a fund of information that enabled him to take a position in the office of the County Treasurer in September, 1875. He remained there one year under M. V. Cole, winning a reputation for promptness and fidelity to duty that he has retained through a long official career. In September, 1876, he was made Deputy Tax Collector under Captain Prather, and served continu- ously until 1882. In November of that year he was elected to the office of Tax Collector, and was three times re-elected, serving in all eight years. He was a courteous and oblig- ing ofiicer, and reflected great credit upon his constituency. In addition to the duties of this office he has collected data upon the natural resources of Dallas county, which are of unquestionable reliability. Upon retiring from the office of Tax Col- lector, Mr. Gillespie formed a partnership with Mr. Cullum in the real-estate business; into this enterprise he has carried the same methodical habits which characterized the work in the Collector's office, and has the most accurate and carefully prepared maps of Dallas county that have yet been made. In 1882 our subject was married to Miss Emma Cullum, a native of Tennessee, but since her childhood a resident of Texas. Two daughters and a son have been born to them. Mr. Gillespie is a member of the Knights ot Pythias, in which fraternity he has held nu- merous official positions. He is a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Politically he is a stalwart Democrat. He is a man of the highest honor, and a citizen of whom Dallas county may well be proud. IPI E. GUILLOT has been engaged in the real-estate and brokerage business in •® the city of Dallas, Texas, since 1889, and although this is a comparatively short time, yet his knowledge of real estate is un- HI STORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 341 surpassed for accuracy and thoroughness, and investors can always rely on his sound judg- ment relative to the present and prospective values of the residential and business sections of Dallas. Prior to entering upon this call- ing he was in the carriage business with E. Guillot, on Sycamore street, for some time, and for abouj six months thereafter was a member of the firm of Guillot & Orr. He was born in Dallas January 2G, 1866, the second of three children born to Maxime and Mary (Mullen) Guillot, the former a natis^e of France, and the latter of Ireland. Maxime Guillot came from his native land to New Orleans, and from there to Dallas about 1842 and opened a carriage factory, bringing his wood workmen, painters and carriage trim- mers with him. During the Civil war he was detailed to tlie Government shops, in which he remained for four years of that struggle. His death occurred October 23, 1889, after having been a resident of Dallas for over forty years. The mother still re- sides here. E. E. Guillot was brought up in the city of his birth, and was educated in the schools of Galveston, Texas, and the State Uni- versity of Columbia, Missouri. After leaving school he first worked for a hardware firm as clerk, and later with the Wier Plow Company as shipping clerk, two years later becoming store salesman, and still later traveling sales- man. After quitting this firm he was in the carriage business as above stated until em- barking in his present calling, in which he lias already built up a reputation sufKcieut to warrant the implicit confidence of those with whom business relations liave been estab- lished. He takes some interest in politics, voting with the Democratic party, and so- cially is a member of Amity Lodge, No. 108 of the K. of P. He was married in Wood- stock, Illinois, July 2S, 1890, to Miss Katie Leonard, a native of Mississippi, and a daugh- ter of Martin and Catherine (Decker) Leonard, natives of Barden, Germany and Dublin, Ireland, mother and father respectively. They were early settlers of St. Louis, and in 1876 came to Dallas, where the father conducted a grain and brokerage business. He died in Memphis, Tennessee, in 1880, of yellow fever, the mother's demise occurring in Dallas in 1878, of typhoid fever. Mr. and Mrs. Guil- lot are members of the Roman Catholic Church, and their union has been blessed in the birth of one child, — Earle. Mr. Guillot is a shrewd man of business, has a comfortable and pleasant home in Dallas, and gives every promise of becoming wealthy. HAMILTON, a dealer in paper, oil and paints at Elm, Dallas county, was ® born in Boyle county, Kentucky, in 1854, the second of eight children born to n. and M. C. (Hughes) Hamilton, also natives of Kentucky. The father, a merchant by occupation, emigrated to Dallas city in 1879, where he engaged in business with his son, the subject of this notice. His death occurred in this county in July, 1891, and the mother is still living. Mr. Hamilton, our subject, remained in Boyle county, Kentucky, until eighteen years of age, after wliich he came to Dallas city and engaged in his present business. He has the oldest store in the city, and, with this and his outside work, gives employment to about thirty men. Mr. Hamilton takes an active interest in politics, voting with the Democratic party, and is now serving his second term as Alderman of the Third Ward, is chairman of the Water Committee, and a 342 UIISTURY OF DALLAS COUNTY. member of the School Board. He lias seen the substantial frrowth and development of the city of Dallas from a population of 1,500 to about 50,000, anruary 11, 1842, the second of the eleven children of S. R. and Martha (Newman) McCord. His father was born in New York and his mother in Augusta, Georgia. His father was a brick builder and contractor, who in 1840 emigrated to Ala- bama, going the entire distance on foot, aver- aging forty-live miles a day, and locating at Wetumpka. After a stage line had been established his family joined him. Later he moved to another point in Alabama, Pratt- ville, established by Daniel Pratt (great cotton gin manufacturer); after the war he went to St. Louis and Chicago, and finally, in 1874, he came to Dallas, where he died, in October, 1875. His wife had died in 1867, in Mont- gomery, Alabama. Mr. McCord, whose name heads this sketch, learned his trade at Prattville and was mar- ried there. In 1861 he enlisted in the war, in the Prattville Dragoons, commanded by Captain Cox, and was in the service from April, 1861, to May, 1865, being engaged in the battles of Shiloh, Santa Rosa Island, Pen- sacola, Tupelo, Mississippi, Bragg's invasion of Kentucky, siege of Kno.wille, etc., in Wheeler's corps. A horse was shot from under him and he received a gunsliot wound on the skirmish line at the siege of Knoxville. After the war he returned to Prattville, and then went to Cairo, Illinois, working at his trade. lie returned to Alabama again, whence he came to Dallas. He was married in Prattville, in 1863, to Miss Georgia Haynie, a native of Coosa county, Alabama, and a daughter of Martin and Amanda (Ilaynie) Haynie, natives of South Carolina. Her father died in 1887 and her mother in 1882, in Birmingham, Alabama, at the residence of her son. In 1887-'89 Mr. McCord was two years in California, at San Diego and Santa Barbara, working at his trade. Politically, he is a Democrat, and religiously he and his wife are members of the Christian Church. They have five children, namely: Ella Clifford, wife of Mr. Baker, an architect in Dallas; D. C, who married Miss Margaret Jellison, in Nebraska, and now resides in Dallas; Hora- tio C, at home; and Charles L., who died in Chattanooga, Tennessee. One child died in infancy. R D. A. PASCHALL, a prominent and well-known physician of Dallas county, Texas, was born in Trigg county, Ken- tucky, December 14, 1837. A sketch of his life will be found of interest to many, and is as follows: G. R. Paschall, the Doctor's father, was born in Caswell county. North Carolina, No- vember 19, 1813. At the age of twelve years he moved with his father to Tennessee, and lived in Weakley county until he reached his majority. On the loth day of Novem- ber, 1835, he was united in wedlock with Miss Elizabeth Williams, who was also born on November 19, 1813. Her father, Daniel Williams, was one of the first settlers of Illi- nois, and fought the Indians all over that 352 niSTour OF Dallas county. State. After Mr. Paschall was married he moved to Trigg county, Kentucky, wliere lie lived until 1840. He then moved to Spring- field, Missouri, and a year later to Arkansas. In the fall of 1844 he came to Texas and settled in Red Eiver county. The follow- ing spring he located near Willow Springs in what is now Rockwall county. A year later he moved to Dallas county and settled near Barnes' Bridge, buying land there. He subsequently sold out and located in Fannin county. In 1847 he enlisted in the Mexican war, and after serving twelve months was discharged on account of a wound he re- ceived by being thrown from a horse, receiv- ing his discharge in February, 1848. From the effects of that wound he is still a sufferer. In the fall of 1848 he moved to Terrell, Kaufman county, where he still resides, now at the age of seventy-seven years. His wife died November 11, 1882, aged sixty-nine. The names of their nine children are as fol- lows: James C, Daniel A., Isaac A., Susan P., Josiah N., Mary E., Sarah J., Nancy A., Georgia Roberts. The Doctor was the second born, and only he and his two sisters, Mary E. and Georgia Roberts, are now living. The former is the wife of A. A. Laroe, and the latter is now Mrs. Charles Brady. The subject of our sketch was onl}' six years old when his father came to Texas. At the age of sixteen he began the study of naedicine under Drs. Hawkins and Paschall, of Fulton, Kentucky. In 1859 he graduated at the University of Pennsylvania, after which he began the practice of his profession at Haught's store, Dallas county, and was thus engaged there when the war came on. He enlisted in Colonel Greer's regiment and served in it until July. 1862. He then re- turned home and enlisted under Colonel Bass in the Nineteenth Texas Regiment, and served four months as a private. He was then de- tailed as assistant surgeon of a hospital in the northern part of Arkansas, and stayed there until January, 1864. He was then sent back to Haught's store to practice, remaining at that place until 1868. That year he moved to Turner's Point. Dr. Paschall was married on the 23d of February, 1865, to Miss Virginia Haught, who was born October 29, 1848. She died November 4, 1884, at the age of thirty-six years. Her parents, Samuel and Isabella (Duvall) Haught, reared a family of nine children, namely: Jane, wife of MoteGolden, and after his death of M. M. Farmer; Emma, wife of M. M. Farmer, is deceased: one will see, M. M. Farmer married two sisters; Al- fred; S. A.; Isabella, deceased; Juliette, wife of S. H. Cuinley, and Louisiana, deceased. The Doctor's second marriage occurred April 28, 1889, to Mrs. Maud Bounds, nee Thompson. She was born November 18, 1864, daughter of Tipton and Evaline (Coon) Thompson. She has six brothers and sisters: Lillie, wife of John Rnpford; Nellie, wife of F. L. Watterson; and May, Willie, Clifton and J. Wellington. By his first wife the Doctor had nine chil- dren: Idaho, wife of J. M. H. Chisholra; Jesse P., Samuel A. H. and Nettie being the only ones now living. By his present com- panion he has one child, Daniel A., who was born June 20, 1890. In 1871-'72 Dr. Paschall took a course at the Jefferson Medical College at Philadelphia, a!id graduated. Returning to Haught's store, he continued his practice there till 1877, when he bought a farm of 570 acres at Ter- rell, and engaged in agricultural pursuits, also continuing his medical practice. He still owns that farm. In 1885 he left his farm at Terrell and located again in Dallas BISrORY OF DALLAS COUNT r. 353 county, at Mesquite. lie has had an extensive and Buccessful practice, and liere he is re- garded not only as a skillfnl pliysician hut as oneofthe most prominent and leadiiigcitizens. He discovered a cure for malignant congested fever or spotted fever, and in the treatment of that dread disease has met with unusual success. IJe and his wife are memhersof the Chris- tian Church, and he is a Mason and a Knight of Honor. lENJAAIIN T. DAVIS, a farmer of Dallas county, was horn in Mononga- lia county, Virginia, September 17, 1828. His father moved to La Porte county, Indiana, in 1835, and to Texas in 1847, when Benjamin was but nineteen years of age. The latter learned the carpenter's trade in Indiana, which he also followed in Texas. At one time lie took a claim of 320 acres of land, which he improved and cultivated, and at the same time also worked at his trade. He afterward sold this farm, and bought the one on which he now resides. He then owned 500 acres, but this he afterward divided and gave all but 288 acres to his children. Mr. Davis enlisted in the war in 18G1, in Colonel Hawpe's regiment, and served until the close of the war, being discharged at Hempstead May 26, 1865. Being a musician, he wae put in charge of the field band, and held that position until the close of the war. He also participated in the battles of Spring River, Mansfield, Yellow Stone, Utona, and was under fire forty-two days in going to New Orleans. He was slightly wounded three times with shell. Mr. Davis saw the war was coming to a close, and wisely exchanged his Confederate script for greenbacks, and after reaching home had over $200 in green- backs. He had lost all his horses and cattle in the war, but had enough money to com mence anew. His brotherand himself, John W., engaged in the hedge seed business, in which he was very successful, selling the seed as high as $21 per bushel. Mr. Davis was married July 4, 1836, to Miss Lydia J. Mills, who died October 14, 1890, at the age of fifty-four years. They were the parents of thirteen children, only ten of whom reached maturity, viz.: Eugenus A.; Ruth Ann, wife of Joseph E. Erwin; Benja- min T.; Tiddy J., wife of E. M. Colwell; Sarah A., wife of H. M. liamsey; John W., Mariah E., wife of Thomas Lanford; Hanson C, Cora L. and Caleb B. Mr. Davis is a well educated man, having attended some of the best schools in Indiana. He attended the Asbury University, now the De !*auw Uni- versity, two years, which is one of the leading schools in the United States. He is a mem- ber of the I. O. O. F., Piano Lodge, No. 114, and at one time was a member of the Alethod- ist Episcopal Church, of which his family are nearly all members. EORGE H. SHAWVER is a native of Macon county, Missouri, born Decem- ber 28, 1848. John Shawver, his fa- ther, was born in Monroe county, Virginia, November 20, 1800, and was married in the Old Dominion to Miss Caroline Walker. They moved from Missouri to Texas in 1869, and the father bought 255 acres of land near Mesquite, where his son George H. now lives. He improved his property and resided on it a number of years. He returned to Missouri on a visit, and while there was taken sick and died, his death occurring in 354 HISTORV OF DALLAS COUNTY. July, 1880. His wife departed this life Miirch 12, 1872, at the age of forty-five years. To them worn bom ten children. The names of each and a more extended mention of the family will be found in the biography of M. T. Shawver, in this volume. George II. Shawver was married, May 16, 1889, to Miss Dora A. Sniitli, who was born in Indiana, March 4, 18()5. Her father, Abraham Smith, was born in Indiana in 1825, and her mother, who before her marriage was a Miss Greene, was born in 1832. The names of the children composing her father's family are as follows: Sella, wife of Seymour Ilosa; Marshall; Alice, wife of John Kockey ; Eilet; Dora, wife of George H. Shawver; Lawrence; Elmer, and Gordon. Mr. Smith came to Texas in 1888 and settled near Mos- quito, Dallas county. Mr. and Mrs. Shawver have two children: Otto, born July 29, 1890; Anna, born December 30, 1891. Mr. Shawver is a Mason and a Knight of Honor, belonging to the lodges at Mesquito. lie and his wife are members of the Meth- odist Episcopal Church. 4^ m^' ^ l^i^l^ILLIAM STULTS, M. D., deceased, was for many years a physician widely and favorably known among the citizens of the western part of Dallas county. lie was born in Hamilton county, Tennessee, and, having been left an orphan, received only a moagor education. He was an industrious and self-reliant boy, and niade his own way from tho beginning of his career. At the age of seventeen years ho went to St. Louis, Missouri, where he appren- ticed himself to the carpenter's trade, and fol- loweil the same for al)out two years. He then returned to Tennessee, settling in Rutherford county, where he read medicine for two years, mostly under Dr. J. W. January, a successful physician of that day. Mr. Stults came to Texas on a prospecting tour in 185G, and decided to locate in Dallas county, Decem- ber 3, 1857. He returned to Tennessee and married Miss Lou S. Wilson, of Gibson county, after which he came again to Texas, taking np his residence in the western part of tho county, on a farm of 320 acres, lying on the west fork of Trinity river. He at once began farming and the practice of his profession, and followed these occupations assiduously as long as he lived. He sold his first purchase in 1860, and bought a place on CJrapevine prairie, where ho lived about fourteen years, and at the end of that time he again sold out, and purchased another farm adjoining. lie remained on the latter place until his death, which occurred May 17, 1877. At the time of his death he had considerable landed interests, owning 738 acres, where he has successfully engaged in farming and stock-raising. He also had an extensive practice, riding for miles in every direction, and this was at a time when there were no roads in the county, having had to make l)is way by bridle paths. Mr. Stults was highly esteemed, both as a physi- cian and a citizen. Ho was alife lonti niom- bor of the Baptist Church, and was always active in all church work, of which most of his children are also members. His widow is a member of the Methodist Church. Mrs. Stults was horn in Gibson county, TonnoBsee, Juno 16, 1834, a daughter of Samuel and Lou (Sharp) Wilson, natives of Maryland and North Carolina. The father emigrated to Kentucky when a young man, where he was niarried, and then moved to Rutherford county, Tennessee, and afterward to Gibson county, that State, where he died HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 355 in 1854, at the age of sixty-five years. His wife died in Rutherford county, Tennessee, in 1S34, at the age of thirty years. They were the parents of nine children, as follows; Mary, Martha, John, William, Enialine, Belle, Eliza, Caroline and Lou S. The only one of thescchihlren now known to ho living is Mrs. Stults. Dr. Stults and wife reared to ma- turity a family of eight children, all of whom are still living, viz.: William Wilson, a mer- chant of Ballinger, Runnels county, this State; P^annie, the wife of B. 8. Taylor, also of Ballinger; Carrie S., the wife of J. E. Murray, of Fort Worth; John S., of Dallas county; Charles W., of Wilbarger county, Texas; Lon Belle, the wife of L. S. Sher- wood, of McKinney, ("oUin county Texas; Sallie S.. the wife of J. C. Farley, of Ballin- ger; and Ida, unmarried. The old home place has been divided among the children, and Mrs. Stults makes her home among them. The part on which the house stands belongs to John S., who may he said t^) have taken his father's place in a certain sense. lie was born within a short distance of where he now lives, June 2'J, 1864, on the place where his father first settled after mov- ing to Grapevine prairie. He received a com- mon-school education, finishing with an aca- demic course at the high school of Grapevine, Tarrant county. He selected medicine as his profession, and began reading about 1886, spending considerable time over his books at home before taking up the study under a preceptor. He took one course of lectures at the Tulane University, at New Orleans, in 188U-'90, read for a short time under Burtis, Fields &, Duringer, of Fort Worth, then under Dr. D. W. Gilbert, of Sowers, Dalla.s county, and has taken one course of lectures at the ^[issouri Medical College, St. Louis, Missouri. He expects to complete his medical education at an early date, and enter regularly on the practice of his profession, in which he has every assurance of success. The Doctor was married March 18, 1891, to Miss Pearl Price, a daughter of Mrs. L. A. Price of this county. COTT BEEMAN, a farmer and stock- raiser of Precint No. 1, was born in Bowie county, Texas, May 23, 1841, the tenth in a family of twelve children born to John and Emily (lluunicutt) Heeman, na- tives of South Carolina. The father emigrated from his native State to Calhoun county, Illinois, and thence to Bowie county, Texas, in 1829. In 1841 he came to Dallas county, and took up 360 acres of land, and was the first man to cultivate any soil in this county. His death occurred here in 1856, and his wife still survives, living near De Soto, at the advanced age of eighty-six years. Scott Beeman was reared to farm life, and educated in the 8ubscri])fion schools of this county. He aided his father in opening up and improving the home farm and afterward began farming on his own account. In 1802 he enlisted in Captain Beard's Company, and was in the battle of Yellow Bayou, in a num- ber of raids under General Marmaduke, and was in the Red River expedition, where he fought for thirty-two days. He was also in cavalry service, and at the close of the war Mr. Beeman returned to Dallas county, and later removed to the farm ot 150 acres which he now owns, and which is in a good state of cultivation. He was married in this county, in 1865, to Betty Merrifield, a native of Kentucky, and daughter of Milton and Mar- garet Ann (Singleton) Merrilield, also na- tives of Kentucky. The parents moved to 3o6 HISTORY OF DALLAS COONTj: Dallas county, in 1849, settling in what is now West Dallas, were the father bought and improved a farm. His death occurred in November, 1889, and the mother now re- sides near Cedar Elill. Mr. and Mrs. Bee- man had seven children, viz.: Annie, wife of Richard Lagow, of Precinct No. 4; Emma, Lizzie, Milton, Katie, Grover and Ira. Polit- ically, Mr. Beeman is a member of the Democratic party, and socially of the Farm- ers' Alliance. ^^■^\y\njlr inrc^^ ~lnly ti, 1H2(). liiH parentH were (!liarli!H and (irace (I'nHhj) AnHtin, liotli nativcH of l'emi.4yl- vaiiia. The father wart a wa^on-mak(!r in I'hiladelphia and follow(;(l that huHineBH in tliat city for nniny years, heiiie; extermividy known. lie was a r('lativ(i of the AiiHtins all-er whom tlui <'ity of that mumi wan calhid. lie and IiIh }^ooiI wife were memht'rn of tlui i>a|)tiHt (!hni-ch and were of Welsh extraction. 'I'he fathei' died in 1S4S, a^(Ml sixty, hut hifi wife survived him for about live years when slm too jiaBsed away, at ahout the same a;,'e. Sho WftB a devout ( 'hristian woman and prom inent in the churcli. There were nine chil- dren in the family, all raised to mature years, live of whom are still livini^. I<'riinl< Austin was the ^(^viMilh in the fauiily ami was rear(«l in i'hiladelphia, where he receiv(td his education in the common scIiooIn of that city. After linishine; his education he leai'ued the jeweler trade, which he worked at for Bomo bIx years in I'hila- (hdphia and IIkmi came to Wisconnin, in ISnC), and Hcttlod in liipon, wlnire he opeiusd a jewelry store. Here he reiriain("l for throe years and then riMiioved to Warsaw, MiBflouri, and opened a store there and also riimaiued there for three years. From there he went to Waukesha, Wisconsin, and opened a store which he ran until l.S7(), then came to Dallas, wduire he opened a store and has heon en • ^ao;ed hen; in tlu? jewelry business ever since, with {■onsiderable buccobs. Mr. Austin was elected Alderman of the city in IK72, but does not care for jiolitical iionors, business claims eugrossiiiii; his utten- tioti. Our subject was married, in 184-8, to Miss .lane Colson, dau(.(hter of David (!olson, of I'emherton, New .lerstiy, and she bore her husband thi-(>e children, nann^ly: D. (/., who is in t-hej(!welry business at Ohi Idress, Texas, marriiMl to a Miss ,1. T. Orr, of Dallas; Will- i.'im V. and Martha .lane. The mother di(Ml in 1^6-1, w^m\ tw(nity- four. She was a member of the I'aptist ('hiirch. Mr. Austin's second marriaf^e occurred fi'liruary If), 1850, and the lady of his (du)ice was M iss .Ian(! W. Wheeler, daugh- ter of l'.(e to Dallas in 1885, and were em- ployed by C. A. Gill, general contractor, and formed their partnership in 1888. They have built many fine residences in Dallas and Oak Clift", as those of J. S. Armstrong, S. E. Wilson, Messrs. Zang and Rich, of Chestnut Hill, Pearce and Cooper, etc., — buildings costing from $3,000 upward, besides many cottages of $1,500 to $2,000,— and the First Baptist Church of Dallas (all the wood and iron work). During the last year (1890) the firm employed thirty-tive men four months, 368 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. anci the remainder of the year fifteen to twenty men. Mr. Beggs was born in Ireland in 1862, the son of William and Mary (Beggs) Beggs, natives also of Ireland. His father died in his native country, and his mother now re- sides in Dallas. Mr. J>eggs learned his trade in Belfast, Ireland. In July, 1882, he landed at New York, and soon after went to Pitts- burg and St. Louis, and finally came to Dal- las, as already stated. He was married here in September, 1887, to Frederica A. Lawther, a native of New Orleans, and a daughter of Colonel R. Lawther, who now resides in Dal- las. They have one child, by name Robert William. Tiiey are meiribers of the Second Presbyterian Church of Dallas, On national matters Mr. Beggs is a Democrat. fUDGE ARTHUR THOMAS WATTS is one of the public-spirited and enterpris- ing citizens of Dallas, and one of the leading members of the Dallas bar. Of his life and ancestry we present the following facts : Judge Arthur Thomas Watts was born in Covington county, Mississippi, August 31, 1837. His parents, William and Patience (Lott) Watts, both natives of Georgia, were born near Milledgeville. His father went with his parents to Mississippi about 1810, at which time the Lott family also settled there. Thomas Watts, the Judge's grand- father, served in both the Revolution and in the war of 1812, being nineteen years of age when he took part in the first war. He died in Smith county, Texas, in 1856, at the age of about ninety-four years. His grandfather, Arthur Lott, also served through the Revolu- tionary war. In 1810 he started to Missis- sippi from Georgia, in company with a num- ber of families, and was shot from his horse and killed by Indians in Alabama. Several others of the party were wounded at the same time. His widow with her children went on their sad journey to Mississippi, and in due time the large familj spread out over western Mississippi and Texas. William Watts, the Judge's father, con- ducted farming operations on a moderate scale, working about thirty hands. He was a good business man, quiet and unassuming in manner, and in every way a worthy and highly respected citizen. He sold his inter- ests in Mississippi, came to Texas, and set- tled on a farm in Harrison county in 1841. He died there in 1844. For a numlier of years he was a member of the Baptist Church. He was a man of earnest devotion and great usefulness. His widow is still living, an honored and highly esteemed pioneer of Polk county, Texas. She is an earnest Christian woman, and since her girlhood days has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. She is now eighty-five years of age. Of her eight children, five are still living. The subject of our sketch received his education at Zion Seminary, Mississippi. After completing his course there, he began the study of law under the direction of John E. McNair, Circuit Judge of that dis- trict. His marked success and high stand- ing in the legal profession show the wisdom of his choice for a life work. He was ad- mitted to the bar at Livingston, Polk county, Texas, in 1859, and at once began practice in partnersliip with Judge Crosson, now of Balllnger, Texas. This partnership con- tinued a year. Mr. Watts then went to Mis- sissippi on business, and while he was there the war opened. He enlisted on the first of n I STORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 369 August, 1861, as a private soldier in Com- pany A, Sixteenth Mississippi Kegiinent, and served through the war in the Army of Northern Virginia, being first under "Stone- wall " Jackson, then under Longstreet, and latterly in A. P. IlilPs corps. During the war he received several slight wounds, at one time being disabled for about twenty days, but on the whole he stood the service well. The war over, he came to Livingston and began anew the practice of law. In 1872 he was elected to a seat in the lower house of the State Leaislature, and served in the session of 1873. lie was instrumental in the passage of an election law, and also in securing a compromise with the Texas & Pacific Railroad for a bond grant of $6,000,- 000, besides rendering other efficient services. January 1, 1874, he moved to Weatherford, Te.xas, and with Mr. Lanham, now a Con- gressman, practiced law there until 1878. In October of that year he settled in Dallas. Here he conducted a successful practice un- til December, 1880. At that time he was appointed one of the Commissioners of Ap- peals for the State of Texas, receiving his ap- pointment from Governor Roberts, and in that capacity he served till October, 1885, since which time he has been in the prac- tice of his profession. The work of the Commissioners of Appeals, with which he was connected, will be found in the Texas Re- ports, volumes lifty-four to sixty-four in- clusive. Judge Watts was married in June, 1869, to Miss Mary Victery, daughter of John Victory, of Polk county, Texas. Her father, a farmer by occupation, has been dead for a number of years. Mrs. Watts died Octol)er 7, 1890, aged forty years. She was an Episcopalian and a most estimable woman, loved by all who knew her. She left four children, viz.: Ella, a former student of Dr. Wheat's school, Winchester, Virginia; Sam- uel, a stenographer and typist in his father's othce, reading law at intervals; and Arthur and Rosa, attending school. The J udge is a member of the Episcopal Church and of the Masonic fraternity. ILLIAM J. OWEN was born near the city of Rochester, New York, and inherited from his father the genius of handling stock. He was educated in the high school of Rochester and in that State learned the trade of a butcher, master- ing all its details — -practical and theoretical — with great aptness. After some years spent in business on his own account he re- moved to Hot Springs, Arkansas, then to Waco, Texas, and finally drifted to Dallas in 1883, and at once began l)usiness at his pres- ent location on Elm street, his establishment being in a very flourishing condition, owing to his upright and honorable business meth- ods. Although he began in a modest way his business has increased very rapidly, and at his market the largest business in the city is done. Two thousand beeves are disposed of each year and other meats in proportion. He is one of the orijanizers of the Texas Butchers and Drovers' Association and is vice-president of the National Association and president of the local branch. He is an enthusiastic and influential member and at- tends all the national associations. He also belongs to the order of Red Men and the Fat Men's Association. His present position is due to his own industry and integrity and he is probably one of the most universally popular men among all classes in the city 370 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. He is kind-hearted and generous, and his purse has been many times opened to the calls of suffering humanity. He has built him a cozy home on Oak street and lives in a manner becoming liis position and intiuence. On the 22d of March, 1872, he was married to Miss Lillie Ward of Grand Rapids, Michi- gan, by whom he has one son, William J., Jr. *f. '^ V. COLE, a retired farmer of Dallas county, was born near Fay- "■^ etteville, Washington county, Ar- kansas, January 2, 1837, the tenth child of John and Polly (McDonald) Cole, natives of Virginia. The father moved to Tennessee in an early day, where he opened up a farm, and later removed to Arkansas, and in 1843 to Dallas county, spending many years of his life on the frontier. He took up a claim of 640 acres in Precinct No. 1, where his death occurred in 1850, and his wife's death occur- red there also, in 1869. The subject of this sketch was reared to farm life and was edu- cated in the subscription schools of the county and also attended the Hudson Academy, near Dallas. He came to this county at the age of six years, and, after reaching manhood, com- menced farming and stock-raising. In 1862 he enlisted in Scott's Battalion, which was attached to Darnell's regiment, and was cou- iined mostly in Arkansas. He was discharged in the latter part of 1862, after which he re- turned to Dallas and engaged in farming. Mr. Cole has since added to his original pur- chase, one and a-half miles from Dallas, until now he owns 300 acres, ail of which is well improved. He also owns a tine residence and six acres in the city. Mr. Cole affiliates with the Democratic ^^'^^''^y' ^"^ i" 1873 was elected County Treasurer serving tliree terms. and 1884 served one year as County Com- missioner of Precinct No. 1. He is a niem- l)er of the School Board from the Ninth Ward, and was active in securing the erection of a fine school building, costing $20,000. So- cially, Mr. Cole is a member of Tannehill Lodge, No. 52, A. F. & A. M., at Dallas, and religiously both he and his wife are mem- bers of the Missionary Baptist Church. He was married in this county, in 1862, to Margaret Preston, a native of Tennessee, and daughter of George and Anna (Roddy) Preston, natives of Virginia. The parents moved to Tennessee in an early day, thence to Cass county, Missouri, and thence to Dallas county, where the lather died in 1868, and the mother a short time previous. Mr. and Mrs. Cole have four chil- dren: Georgie, now Mrs. John F. Irwin, of Dallas; Edwin L., reporter for the Herald, of Dallas; Birdie May, at home, and Marshall v., also at home. A. POYNOR, City Engineer, was born in 1854, in Tennessee, and spent ® his youth in that State. He pursued a course of study at the Nashville University, with the specialty of civil engineering, and graduated in 1874. The next year he came to Texas and was employed as civil engineer on the Texas Pacific railroad for a number of years, in addition to general work at his pro- fession throughout the State. In 1890 he was called by the city of Dallas to the office of city engineer, and he entered at once upon the discharge of his duties. His fitness for the place is amply tested by the excellent condition of all the public works under his control, — waterworks, sewers, streets, etc. He employs twelve men, skilled and efficient. HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 371 Mr. Poynor is a member of the American Society of Civil Engineers, a Knight of Pythias and a Knight Templar. The mother of our subject, Mrs. Charlotte T. (Stephens) Poynor, has been a resident of Dallassince 1874, coming here from William- son county, Tennessee. She is now in her eighty-second year, and has powers both of body and mind quite well preserved for that advanced age. Her children are: J. W., re siding in the Pan Handle of this State; Dr. J. S., of Williamson county, Texas; A. M., residing near Lancaster, Dallas county, Texas; and D. A., whose name heads this brief sketch. The entire family are members of the Christian Church. ^ ?AMES M. BRITAIN, a farmer and stock- raiser of Dallas county, Texas, dates his birth in Henry county, Missouri, No- vember 21, 1841. He is the second son and third child of Joseph and Sena (White) Britain, and when seven years of age came with them to Dallas county, Texas, where he was reared on a farm and educated in the subscription schools of that day. At the age of fourteen he engaged in freighting with oX teams, hauling from ports on the river and lumber from the pine woods. This occupation he followed till the breaking out of the late war, when he enlisted, January 1, 1862, in Company C, Sixth Texas Cavalry, and was in active duty in Mississippi, Georgia, Ala- bama,' Arkansas, Tennessee and Missouri, participating in all the battles with his regiment and suffering the many hardships incident to a soldier's life. While they were on the retreat from Corinth he was taken prisoner and confined ten days. He served till the close of the war, after which he re- turned to Dallas county and again engaged in freighting, driving horses and continuing the business successfully for five years. Mr. Britain was married February 9, 1870, to Miss E. H. Gray, a native of Virginia and daughter of William and Betsey (Alderson) Gray. Her fatnily came to Texas in 1860; her father was killed during the war and her mother resides with her children. Soon after his marriage Mr. Britain bought 160 acres of land and engaged in farming, which, with stock-raising, has since claimed his attention. He now has 327 acres of line land, under a high state of cultivation, and is raising corn, cotton and oats. Mr. and Mrs. Britain are the parents of nine children: Otis D. E. married Kate T. Wright, of this county; PVeddie J., Eldon W., Oscar R., Claud, Elizabeth, Morris A. Ad- die and Blake B. Politically, Mr. Britain is a Democrat. He and his wife are members of the Baptist Church. They have been particularly fortunate in the enjoyment of good health. Only on two occasions have they required the services of a physician in their family on account of sickness. I^ENRY MOULARD, a carpenter and builder of Dallas, was born in the De- partment of Loier et Cher, France, in 1862, the sixth of the seven children of Au- gust and Ann (David) Moulard, natives also of France. The father, a carpenter by trade, died in France, in 1882, aged sixty-three years; and the mother died in Dallas, Octo- ber 11, 1891, aged sixty-nine years, a be- liever in the Catholic faith, as are also the family still. Their children are: Eugene, who resides in Orleans, France, married to Josephine Forgeat; Camile, who died in Or- 372 HI8T0BT OF DALLAS COUNTY. leaus, France, at the age of twenty-three years, unmarried: he served a year in the French army; Henry, the subject of tliis sketch; Jule J., unmarried, a resident of Dallas since 1871, and a successful carpenter, having been an employe of the firm of Murpliy & Bolas for the past seven years; and Anna, the wife of J. F. Martine of Dal- las: she died in 1877, at the age of twenty- three years. Mr. Moulard, our subject, was brought to the United States in 1871, by his parents, with three brothers and a sister, arriving at Dallas December 24. He has a brother unmarried, living here in Dallas, Jule J. by name. Henry began learning his trade in 1876, in Dallas, and completed it in Orleans, France, spending two and a half years there, where they both, Henry and Jule J., completed their trade. Not witiistanding he has suffered many privations and encountered many ob- stacles, he has been an industrious laborer ever since he was eleven years of age, and his present prosperity is proof of his wisdom. He has taken great interest in the material welfare of the city of Dallas and has seen many changes in its phenomenal growth. QAKNETT GIBBS, attorney at law and capitalist, Dallas, was born in Yazoo, Mississippi, a son of Q. D. Gibbs, — French and Irish on the paternal side: his father was also a lawyer. His paternal grand- father, General George W. Gibbs, was a well known lawyer and politician in the early days of Tennessee. For a time he was Attorney General of the State. Mr. Gibbs, our sub- ject, completed his school days at Cumber- land University, and in 1873 settled in Dal- las, for the practice of law, and since then he has also taken an active part in politics. Was City Attorney six years, from 1876 to 1882; State Senator from 1882 to 1884, from the district composed of Dallas, Kaufman and Rockwell counties, and after serving two years was elected Lieutenant Governor of Texas. His popularity is shown by the fact that he ran far ahead of his ticket. For a time he was acting Governor. Since the close of his official career, he has been en- gaged in the practice of his chosen profession and in looking after his large landed interests in Texas and New Mexico. He is a leading Odd Fellow, in which order he was once the youngest Grand Master the State ever had; and he is also a Knight of Pythias. It is probably as a public speaker that he is best known His services on the rostrum are in constant demand, whether there is a cam- paign on hand or not. His views on prohi- bition and finance are clear and sound. Prob- ably no man in the State has had more to do with molding public sentiment than he. In addressing his fellow citizens his chief de- light is to find them cool and calm, so that they will follow I'eason only. Mr. Gibbs has erected many buildings and spent much money in improving the city of Dallas. He has also a large farm in this county, and is developing Arkansas Pass, on the coast. Quesney Dibrelle Gibbs, the father of the subject of the foregoing sketch, was a native of Tennessee, who became a leading lawyer in Mississippi, to which State he moved in the '30s, and finally died in the Confederate ser- vice, in which he was Captain, in the Thir- tieth Mississippi Regiment. He had held the office of Judge of Probate, although he never took kindly to politics. He married Miss Sallie Dorsey, a native of Kentucky and a de- vout member of the Methodist Episcopal HISTORY OF DALL,\a GOUNTT. 873 Church; she died in 1863, aged lifty-oiie years. He was married in 1876, to Miss Sallie llaynes, the daughter and only child of J. W. llaynes, a merchant. Siie was educated in New York and Virginia, and is a lady of rare culture. They have two sons and one daughter: Sallie IJayues, Wildy and Barney, Jr. The wife's parents, John W. and Maria J. (Phunraer) llaynes. came to Texas early in the '50s, perhaps in 1851. Mr. llaynes was a leading citizen in McKinney, and later in Dallas, where he died in 1873. Mrs. Hayneg was a native of West Virginia, and died in 1888. l?]V. J. A. HARTNETT, Rector of St. Patrick's Church, Dallas, is a native of Erin's Isle, county of Limerick, Ireland, and a son of Daniel T. and Ilanora (Donuugh) Ilartnett. The father died in Weatherford, Parker county, Texas, in July, 1890, aged seventy years, and the mother now resides at the homestead in that county, aged sixty- eight years. They were the parents of twelve children, eight of whom are still living: Thomas D., a railroad contractor through Texas, Missouri, Alabama, Mississippi, and is now in Indiana on a contract for a railroad leading from Chicago East; Michael D., a hardware and farm implement merchant of Graceville, Minnesota; Cornelius D.,a whole- sale grocer of Weatherford, being the senior member of the firm of C. D. ilartnett & Co.; Bridget, wife of Charles Nolan, a farmer of Ankeny, Iowa; Margaret, wife of John Ilartnett, a railroad C(jntractor and farmer near Weatherford; Augustine, an Ursuline nun of Dallas, and known as Madam St. Mary Augustine; J. A., our subject; and Daniel D., a retail grocer of Weatherford. Our subject's father's half-brother, John F. Meagher, is ex-Governor of Minnesota. Daniel T. Ilartnett was a man highly re- spected for his honesty and industry, ant! his children grew to mature years under the best parental influence, as is evinced by the busi- ness tact and high standing of each. They are all persons of prominence in their line, and are respected by a large circle of ac- quaintances. The subject of this sketch came to Amer- ica with his parents in 1863, and to Texas in 1871. He was educated at St. Mary's Col- lege, of St. Mary's Kansas, and his theologi- cal studies were pursued at St. Mary's Semin- ary, of Cincinnati, Ohio. He was ordained July 5, 1891, and first served as assistant at the Pro-Cathedral of the Sacred Heart, located at the corner of Bryant and Ervay streets, Dallas. Two months later he was appointed to his present position, which he has tilled successfully and satisfactorily. His congregation is increasing rapidly, and in fact, has almost doubled since his pastorata began. Since early life Father Hartnett has taken kindly to theology, his reading and studies l)eing directed chiefly to his present work, and his habits and customs being in strict keeping with his high calling. He is a worthy man, an esteemed citizen, and is endowed with both vigor and public spirit. D. BURKE, of the Arm of Burke Bros., Cornice Works, Dallas, has 1^=^^* been a resident of this city for about nine years. Born in New Orleans, he spent his boyhood days and learned the trade of copper, tin and sheet-iron worker there. After working in different cities of the country for sometime, 374 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. be settled in Dallas in 1882. In 1888 he and his brother, J. E. Burke, established business for themselves, since which time they have been having a thriving trade and employing constantly eight or ten men, tlieir work ex- tending to various towns in the northern part of this State. Mr. Burke's father, H. D. Burke, was a native of Ireland, was married at Independ- ence, Louisiana, to Miss Mary Taggart, also a native of Ireland, was a grocer for tliirty- five years in New Orleans, before and during the war had charge of Rowell, Sons & Wad- leigh's Southern Car Works, was a member of the Catholic Church, an honest and honor- able man, and died June 30, 1886, at the age of sixty-six years. His widow is still liv- ing, at Houston, Texas, now aged dfty-eight years. Of their eight children five are living, namely: J. E. ; W. D., the subject of this brief notice: Agnes, wife of Frank Alcala; Margaret M , unmarried and living with her mother; and Henry D. ; the others died in early childhood. J. E. married Mary Men- inger and their children are: Mamie, Lena Bell, Irene and John E. Mr. J. E. Burke is foreman on the Houston & Texas Central steam shovel, which position he has held for eleven years, being an excellent workman. Agnes has one child, John E., and she and her family live at Houston. W. U. Burke married, in Dallas, in 1886, Miss Angelica Vilbig, daughter of John C. and Barbara Vilbig, natives of Germany and married in Wisconsin. Mr. Vilbig was a shoemaker, and later a farmer; he died in 1880, a Catholic, aged forty-eight years, and his wife is still living, in Dallas. Their chil- dren are: August, who married Kate Cramer, resides in Dallas and has one child, Anna; Sophie, who is the wife of E. A. Lott, re- sides in Dallas and has Teresa, Alfred, John, Ed. L., Mrs. Burke, John (a contractor in Dallas), Josie, at home, besides four who died in early life. Mr. Burke's children are William H. and Eleanor Irene. He is a thorougiigoing, earn- est business man, and an enterprising and public-spirited citizen. Socially, he is a member of the Dallas Lodge, No. 70, K. of P. ETH SLOCUM, plaster contractor at Dallas, ^tlie oldest contractor in his line of the city, — was born in Harrison county. West Virginia, in 1839, the third- born of the thirteen children of Elias and Maria (Pitcher) Slocum. His father was a native of Virginia and his mother of Connect- icut. The grandfather, Slocum, a native of New Jersey, settled in Virginia. Elias Slocum, a farmer, died in Virginia, about 1878, at the age of sixty-five years. He was a local preacher in the Methodist Episcopal Church for many years, and of good reputa- tion and extensive influence. At one time he was president of the agricultural society of Clarksburg, West Virginia. His widow died in the spring of 1892, at the age of about seventy-five years. She had been totally blind for about twelve years before her death, having lost her sight from catarrh. She was a good Christian woman. Mr. Slocum, our subject, was raised on a farm in Virginia. In 1863 he enlisted in Company D, Nineteenth Virginia Cavalry, and served therein until the close of the war, being engaged in the battles of Droop Mount- ain, Virginia, Fisher's Hill, Champion Hill, Shenandoah Valley, etc. Two horses were killed under him. At Droop Mountain be was wounded. After the war he went to Ohio, and learned his trade at Parkersburg, HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNT T. 375 West Virginia, and in Ohio. In 1872 he came to Dallas, 6ettling near where he now re- Bides, and engaged in his trade, in Dallas and siirrouiidiiig towns. Some of the principal con- tracts he has made and tilled are those for the building of the North Texas National Bank, Middleton Bros.', Central Bank, Bar- nett C. Gibbs' building, the St. George build- ing, the greatest portion of the Grand Wind- sor, the new Eighth and Seventh Ward school buildings. Exchange Bank, etc. He generally has about eight skilled men in his employ, and twelve laborers. The Acme Cement Plaster is superior, as it gives a very hard finish. One hundred and one- half tons of Acme plastering was used in the building of the new courthouse. Mr. Slocum was the contractor for the plas- terincp of the new courthouse of Dallas and did a most excellent job, costing over $8,000. His bid was accepted over all others, even while bidding the highest, although plenty low enough. This speaks well of the confidence of the community in him as a finished and thorough workman in his line. In his political views he is a Democrat. [AVID MACKAY, M. D., was born in Glasgow, Scotland, September 26, 1832, a son of David and Agnes (Cruikshanks) Mackay, natives of the same country. The father was a manufacturer and with his wife came to America in 1870, settling with his son in Louisiana, where he passed the re- mainder of his life, dying in May, 1872. There were seven children in this family, two of whom survive, — a sister living in Scotland and the subject of this notice. Dr. Mackay was educated in the Univer- sity of Glasgow, graduating in 1855. lie then went as assistant surgeon on one of " Her Majesty's" war-ships, and witnessed many of the engagements of the Crimean war. Upon the cessation of hostilities in that quarter he returned to Scotland, and in 1857 emigrated to America. In 1861 he re- ceived the degree of Doctor of Medicine from the Uygeio-Therapeutic College of New York. At the beginning of the Civil war he en- listed in the Seventy-ninth New York Volun- teer Infantry (Highlanders), as Surgeon, and served at Vicksburg, Knoxville, etc., and in the Army of the Potomac under General Burnside. He was field surgeon in many of the most noted battles of the war, servinar faithfully until the close of the national con- test, being honorably discharged at Browns- ville Texas, in November, 1865. Engaging next in his practice in the city of New Orleans, he was soon appointed Surgeon of the Marine Hospital, and was City Physician of New Orleans for three years, the trying duties of which position he discharged satisfactorily to the public, and with credit to himself. Soon after his re- moval to Texas he was appointed Supervisor of the free schools of Dallas and sixteen other counties, comprising the Fifth Educational District, thus -establishing the first free schools in these counties. The present ex- cellent public-school system is the outgrowth of the efforts of the Doctor at that early day. He met with marked success in his profes- sional work in this county, and he has wou a wide and lasting reputation as a skillful practitioner. He has inherited many of the sterling straits characteristic of tlie Scotch nation, and he is well known as a fearless advocate of his principles. Under I'resident Harrison he was ajipointed a member of the Hoard of Pension Examiners, — an office which 376 EiaTORY OF DALLAS COUNT 7. his experience on the battle-iields fitted him to till with much more than ordinary ability. The Doctor was united in marriage to Sa- rah Weir, also a native of Glasgow, whose parents were natives of Scotland; she was their only child. She died in New Orleans, of yellow fever, in 1867, while the Doctor was Surgeon in charge of the Marine hos- pital there. He was married a second time, in 1870, to Maggie McDonald, of New Or leans, Louisiana, also of Scotch birth and par- entage, of Dundee. She has always been an active member in high standing of the Women's Relief Corps, G. A. R., Department of Texas. The Doctor and his wife have had two sons: David, who was born December 14, 1871 and Alexander, July 22, 1875, both in Dallas, Texas. Politically the Doctor is a pronounced Re- publican, but a free-trader. He is an enthu- siastic member of the Grand Army of the Re- public, and has occupied high official positions in tbat body. He is a decided vegetarian, a system of dietetics he has practiced since boy- hood. ^. 4(@)^ ^ W. HUNT. — Among the brightest young business men of Dallas, Texas, is J. W. Hunt, who was born in the city of Salina, Alabama, November 13, 1863. He was the younger in the family of two chil- dren born to William J. and Mary J. (Smith) Hunt, both natives of Alabama. The father was a blacksmith by trade and was well and favorably known in the city where he lived. His death occurred in 1865 and soon after- ward the mother and family moved to Mon- roe county, Mississippi, where the former now resides. She is the wife of William T. Isbell, a native of Mississippi, and the fruits of the second union were four children: Priestley, Charlie, Nettie and Emma. J. W. Hunt was reared on a plantation in Mississippi, received his education in the common schools, was united in marriage to Quilla Judon, the only child born to Newton and Amarilla (Miles) Judon, the father a native of North Carolina. Mr. Judon died in the army and his widow afterward married C. M. Jones, a native of South Carolina and a prominent citizen of his county. In 1883 Mr. Hunt and family moved to Texas and located in Dallas November 20, of that year. He rented a farm near the city and tilled the soil for two years, after which he accepted a position with the Spillraan Bros, on their dairy farm, and continued with them three years. After this he embarked in business for himself, starting a dairy of his own, and keeping two milk wagons on the road. He continued business alone for a year and then took a partner to whom he sold his interest some time afterward. He then engaged in his present business and is very popular in trade circles for his integrity, justly meriting the large measure of success achieved by industry and uprightness. To his marriage has been born two chil- dren: Amanda Lou, whose birth occurred August 10, 1889, and Minnie Lee, who was born December 11, 1891. Mr. Hunt is a member of the Knights of Pythias, Dallas Lodge No. 70, and in politics he is Demo- crat. kHILIP LINDSLEY comes of distin- guished lineage, both social and literary. His descent is directly traceable, through nine generations, to Colonel Francis Liuds- ley, who left England in 1680, on account of religious persecution, emigrating to America and settling in New Jersey. His grandfather, HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNT T. a77 Philip Lindsley, LL. D., D. D., was one of tlie most philosophical and accomplished minds of this country, and one of the leading spirits of his time. So says the eminent Dr. Leroy J. Ilalsey, now of the McCormick Theological Institute, of Chicago, in his pref- ace to "Tiie Life and Writings of Philip Lindsley, Theological, Educational and Mis- cellaneous:" 3 volumes. Here will be found the richest treasures of thought, concentrated into a single discourse. A man of impet- uous and imperious energy, his sermons, lec- tures, and orations, wielded a vast influence for good throughout the whole country. His great life work was as President of the University of Nashville, Tennessee, for which undeveloped field of labor, (and that he might develope it), he left the Presidency of Prince- ton College, New Jersey. Indeed, he was elected to, and declined, the presidency of more American colleges than any other man of his age. The father of the subject of our sketch, Dr. N. Lawrence Lindsley, an educator and scholar of national reputation, added lustre to tlie literary life of Tennessee, and was a man of singular beauty of character, blended with ability and erudition rarely equaled. He had in preparation, but which his death left undone, a noble work, such, indeed, under the same name and of similar scope, as the dictionary recently published by the Cen- tury Company. After helping largely to build upCumberland University, at Lebanon, Tennessee, while professor of Ancient and Modern Languages, and of Mathematics, he founded, at his own elegant residence, near by, a school for young ladies, the Greenwood Seminary, which became known as one of the foremost schools of the South. After his death, his accomplished widow, Mrs. Julia M. Lindsley, carried it on with signal ability and success. This lady's excellence of mind and heart won the strong alfection of pupil and friend. Her father, Moses Stevens, was an eminent educator at Nasliville, Tennessee. So that Mr. Lindsley comes of an educated race, and a family of educators, whose stud- ents are now scattered over Texas and the Southwest, filling posts of honor and useful- ness. The subject of this sketch was born in Nashville, Tennessee. In 1872 he was Pres- ident of the City Council of Nashville, and at the same time was a member of the Ten- nessee Legislature, from theoldllermitagedis- trict. His wife, Mrs. Louise D. Lindsley, is a danghterof the late Chancellor, Henry Dickin- son, of Columbus, Mississippi. Their chil- dren are Henry D., now in business with his father; Annie Louise; McGavock; and twin daughters, Julia and Kate. On her mother's side, Mrs. Lindsley is a great-granddaughter of Felix Grundy, the invincible advocate and lawyer, and Attorney General of the United States, whose wonderful achievements at the bar, will always live in American traditions. Her maternal grandfather was Jacob Mc- Gavock, who moved to Tennessee from Wytheville, Virginia, where his immediate relatives of the same name still live. His name was a synonyme in Nashville, for more than fifty years, for all that was good and noble. Mr. and Mrs. Lindsley, of Dallas, are thus directly descended from the noblest families of tlie land. Mr. Lindsley removed to Dallas in 1875, and for twelve years after settling here, he WHS engaged in a large and successful law practice. He has numbered among his cli- ents, three Dallas banks, the Pacific Express Company, Wells, Fargo & Company's Ex- press, Bradstreet Company, and leading banks and mercantile firms of the East and West, 378 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. in their Texas business. He found time, in the midst of these multifarious duties, to write some able legal papers, the publication of which attracted much attention and com- mendation from the bar of Texas. Some years ago, he retired from the active practice of the law, since which he has established a lucrative business, as an investment banker, with which is connected an admirably con- ducted real-estate department, the latter of which is under the charge of his son and brother. By impartial critics, Mr. Lindsley is pro- nounced a writer of rare wit, and of the choicest diction. Some of his writings, pub- lished in the R(nind Table and Dallas News, have been widely coj^ied by the press of the country. He has also written some little poems, which editors of noted journals have commended as gems of beauty. He has found recognition in leading periodicals of the East, where his productions appear bv the side of those of the world's greatest writers. Successful and conservative in business, both in his own matters, and in those entrusted to him, possessed of a beautiful home and a happy family, Mr. Lindsley enjoys life, and the fruits of his earlier labors. lAPTAIN THOMAS FLYNN, a farmer and stock-raiser of Precinct No. 1, Dallas county, was born in Ireland in 1833, a son of Patrick and Margaret (Flynn) Flynn, also natives of Ireland. The father came to America in 1887, but was never heard from after reaching New York; the mother died about 1881. Thomas was reared to farm life, and at the age of eighteen he joined the British army, serving five years. He was at the siege of Sebastopol, and served in all the attacks before that city. At the close of the Crimean war, in 1856, Mr. Flynn left England and came direct to New York city, and then ce to Loudoun county, Virginia, where he remained two years. In 1858 he came by water to Jefferson county, Texas, thence by ox teams to Hopkins county, where he engaged in brick making. In 1860 he sold out and came to Dallas city, where he engaged in the manufacture of brick. At the breaking out of the war in 1861, Mr. Flynn helped to raise Company A, Thirty-iirst Texas Cavalry, known as T. C. Hawpe's Regiment, of which he was elected First Lieutenant, and later Captain. He was in the battle of Spring Creek, Missouri, was taken prisoner at Neosho, Missouri, was confined at Springfield, same State, then at McDowell's College, next at Alton, Illinois, thence to Camp Chase, Ohio; was exchanged to City Point, Virginia, and later engaged with the same company and regiment. He was in the Red River expe- dition against Banks. At the close of the war he was at the mouth of Oyster creek, Texas. After the war Mr. Flynn was engaged in the manufacture of brick until 1875, when he moved to his farm of 810 acres, about eight miles from the city of Dallas, where has a good brick residence and other buildings. He also bought 140 acres of the old Money- ham homestead, owning in all about 500 acres. Mr. Flynn held the office of City Marshal of Dallas in 1872-'73, has taken an active inter- est in the Democratic party, and socially is a member of James G. Smith Lodge A., F. & A. M. He was married in Dallas, in 1873, to Jimmie Coleman, a native of Todd county, Kentucky, and daughter of Mr. Coleman, an early settler of Tarrant county. Mr. Flynn lost his excellent wife in 1874, and May 16, 1877, in Dallas county, he married Eliza J. BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 379 Terry, a native of South Carolina. She was the fourth in a family of nine children horn to Ashury and Winnie (Graydon) Terry, natives of Greenville, Lawrencedistrict, South Carolina. They were married in their native State and in 1841 the father started for Texas hut did not arrive there. His death occurred in Mississippi, in 1850. The mother came to Dallas county in 1871, and her death occurred in 1889 in West Dallas. Mr. and Mrs. Flynn liave one child, Jaines T. W. A BRIGHT, of the firm of Sonne- tield, Emmins & Abright, contractors V and builders, Dallas, came to this city in 1883, engaging in his present business. Tlie present partnership was formed August 14, 1891. Mr. Abright has erected the Gould building and a line residence on the Corner of Koss avenue and Harwood street, the Dargan btiilding on Commerce street, the Missouri, Kansas & Texas passenger depot, the Frank Hanim building on Elm street, the Dallas City Water Works, the residence of J. B. Simpson on Maple avenue, and many other fine buildings of lesser note, and a bank in Waxahachie; and since the partnership was formed the tirra has erected the Dallas county jail, the Bowie county courthouse and jail at Boston, Texas, and inside finish of Dallas county courthouse. Mr. Abright was born in the city of New Orleans in 1858, the only child of R. W. and Elizabeth (Murphy) Abright, lather a native of Ohio and mother of Ogdensburg, New York. His fatlier went to New Orleans when a young man, was a joiner and builder, and ilied there, in 1858, of yellow fever. The subject's mother came to Dallas in 1884 and resides now on Pacific avenue, the wife of D. F. Buckmaster. When grown up Mr. Aliright went to Shreveport to learn his trade. His first contract was for the New York Lumber Company at Alexandria, Louisiana, putting up their mills, etc., which structures cost about half a million dollars. After that he came to Dallas, and has since taken an active interest in the welfare of the city. On State and national questions he votes with the Democratic party. He was married in Shreveport, in 1880, to Anna Davies, a native of New Orleans, and daughter of Reese and Mary (Williams) Davies, natives of Wales, who emigrated to the Crescent City before the war. Mr. Davies was foreman in a dry-goods store. He moved to Shreveport in 1869. The mother died in Shreveport in 1873 and the father in New Orleans in 1879. After his marriage Mr. Abright settled in Shreveport. He has had five children: Mary E., Anna M.. Isabelle, Robert W. and Arthur Re3se. AM H. DIXON, Inspector of Te.xas State Penitentiaries, was born in Hays county, Texas, Ausust 4, 1860, son of Dr. Shadrick and Jun, this county. Mr. and Mrs. Thiede have reared a family of eight chil- dren, six of whom are now living. Mr. and Mrs. Banmann have three children: Otto, Emma and Metha. I AMUEL KLEIN, President of the Dal- las County Council, was born in Ba- varia, Germany, and is a son of Joseph and Johanna (Weiss) Klein. He received the thorough education characteristic of the German nationality, and at the age of four- teen years engaged in mercantile pursuits with his father. He had been thus employed for two years, when he determined to cross the sea and try his fortunes in a foreign country. The new world offered induce- ments to the young and brave that the European countries did not possess, and with a heart full of brightest hope for the future he landed in New York city. He continued his journey to the West and at the age of seventeen years he was engaged in the manu- facture of clothing at liushvilie, Indiana. He was very successful, and carried on this enterprise until 1873, when he removed to Te.xas, and settled in Dallas, which was then a village. He first gave his attention to the wholesale liquor business, associating him- self with Mr. Wolf, under the firm name of Klein & Wolf. This relationship existed until 1875, when the firm was changed to Freiberg, Klein & Co., and the business transferred to Galveston, Texas. They es- tablished a high reputation for integrity and fair dealing. Since his residence in Dallas, Mr. Klein has been interested in various en- terprises, and has aided very largely in the development of the city. When the new city charter was granted, he was chosen First President of the Council, and he is now a member from the fourth ward. He is a stanch, efficient officer, and has the courage of his convictions. He belongs to the Masonic order, to the Knights of Pythias, and to the I. O. B. B. Politically, he is a Democrat. He is one of the leading mem- bers of the Jewish congregation, and has contributed liberally to the support of the synagogue, and other churches as well. Mr. Klein was married August 29, 1877, to Miss Henrietta Simon, and they are the parents of four children. Itt J. LACY, engaged in the real-estate business in the city of Dallas, was * born in Christian county, Kentucky, on July 14, 1854, the third of four children born to William and Mary Caroline (Carsley) Lacy, also natives of Kentucky. The father died in his native State in the early part of 1858, and the mother afterward married and moved to Brenham, Texas, and in 1S74 to Dallas. Mr. and Mrs. Lacy had four children: Fannie, now Mrs. B. P. Wallace, of Dallas; Minnie A., the wife of Tom Morris, of this city; N. J., onr subject; and Mattie IL, now Mrs. Credo, of Galveston, Texas. The subject of this sketch was reared in Hopkinsville, Kentucky, and educated at the schools of Ripley, Tennessee, after which he engaged in clerking. A few years later he began buying and selling real estate, and in 1874 he came to this county, where lie en- 408 HiaTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. gaged in the same business. Mr. Lacy is identified with the Democratic party, has witnessed the complete growth of the city of Dallas, and has taken an active interest in everything for the good of the city and county. He was married at Hot Springs, Arkansas, August 13, 1878, to Miss Rosa Moore, a native of Tennessee and a daugh- ter of J. W. and Agnes (Derring) Moore, natives of North Carolina. The parents moved to Tennessee at an early day, and later to Hot Springs, where the father fol- lowed merchandising. The father died in that city. Mr. and Mrs. Lacy have had seven children, namely: William N., Harry T., Ruby, Mary Helen, Jessie A., John N. and Genevieve. •€^ oW^^^" tR. A. M. ELMORE, a prominent and highly respected physician and surgeon of Dallas, Texas, is a native of Perry county, Missouri, born August 20, 1837. His parents were James and Anna (Cosner) Elmore, natives, respectively, of South and North Carolina. In Missouri the father was a farmer and distiller, later a merchant. He came from Missouri to Grayson county, Texas, jn 1852, and in this State engaged in milling and mercantile business, and also successfully carried on farming and stock operations. He was known far and wide as "Uncle Jiramie,'' and by all who knew him he was respected and admired for his many estimable qualities. He died in Pilot Point, Texas, in 1865, aged fifty-seven years. His worthy companion passed from earth's activities to her reward in 1869, at the age of fifty-six. Of their six children, the Doctor was the third-born. He received his literary education in public and private schools, also attending the Literary Institute at Clarksville, Texas. He then read medicine under the tutorship of Dr. J. P. Hutchinson at Pilot Point. He attended the McDowell College, St. Louis, Missouri, grad- uating in 1861. Returning from college. Dr. Elmore opened an oflice in Cooke county, near the present site of Marysville, and practiced there one year. Then, in 1862, he enlisted in the Twenty-ninth Texas Cavalry, under Colonel Charles DeMorse, and was with the forces that operated in Indian Territory and Arkan- sas. Until the battle of Elk Creek he was a private. At that time he was transferred to general-hospital service, and later was pro- moted to assistant surgeon, under Dr. Crow- dus, in the First Choctaw and Chickasaw Regiment, remaining thus engaged until the war closed. After the war he came back to Texas and located at Pilot Point, where he engaged in the practice of medicine and sale of drugs. In 1887 he came from there to Dallas, and has since been engaged in practice here. The Doctor is a writer of some distinction. He is also engaged as business manager of The Texas Health Journal. This journal is a handsome and well written monthly magazine, devoted to preventive and State medicine, the creation of a State Board of Health, and the exposure of medical frauds, secret reiaedies and quacks. Following are the names of its officers: J. R. Briggs, M. D., managing editor; J. C. Rucker, M. D., and T. P. Pip- kin, M. D., associate editors; A. M. Elmore, M. D., business manager; and Hon. Dudley G. Wooten, attorney for the company. Dr. Elmore was married in 1862 at Pilot Point, Texas, to Miss Frances Dirickson, daughter of Isaac and Harriet Dirickson, of Pilot Point, she and her parents being natives of Kentucky. The Doctor and his wife had HISTORY OF DALL.iS COUNTY. 409 eiglit children, viz.: E. E., a clerk in the general freight office of the Texas & Pacific Kailroad; Kate, a music teacher in Indian Territory; Ida, wife of Jolin T. Alexander^ Ardniore, Indian Territory; James, a clerk in the otKce with his i)rother, E. E. ; Uelen; Clarence, and two that een an earnest student in every line of business in which he has engaged : has been a splendid success in the insurance business; and all who kuow him in business relations appreciate him for bis true worth and good business qualifica- tions. He has a beautiful home with attrac- tive surroundings and everything to make life enjoyable. Mr. Dargan is well known in the Eastern cities as throughout the Southwest, his business relations having brought him in contact with many of the prominent men of Xew York, I*hiladelphia and Baltimore. He affiliates with the De- mocratic party, but is not a politician. In 1880 he took the prize in Chicago for the ablest essay on the subject of Fire Insurance, against the best talent in the United S* u?:'' Mr. Dargan was married in 1876. ; ,^1 ?? Teresse Carlton, daughter of K. G. Carlton, of Union Point, Georgia. To them hare been born three children: Ret. J. T. and Ellie. Mrs. Dargan is a lady of culture, refinement and social attainments, and is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. Mr. Dargan, accompanied by his \vife. has traveler! extensively in Europe, visiting its principal cities. -^ OHN V. MERRIFIELD, deceased, set- tled in Dallas county in 1849, but was a native of Kentucky, born near Louis\Tlle March 12, 1S23, a son of John and Sarah Merritield, both of whom were born in the blue-grass regions of Kentucky. John W. Merritield, was brought up on a farm and upon his removal to Texas in the fall of 1S49, he was thoroughly familiar with all the details of the business. He at once lo- cated on a farm which he had previously securer! about five miles west of Dallas, where he assisted his father, who had also come to this section, in improving the land. After remainincr with his father until 1S53 he em- barked in the grocery business, to which his attention was devoted for two years. He then turned his business over to the mangement of a clerk, and upon a tract of 320 acres of wild land he began the task of improving. He was married August IS, 1S59, to Miss A. E. Hern, a native of Clay county. Missouri and a daughter of William and Elizabeth (Sloan) Hern. Tennesseeans by birth, who were of French and Irish descent respectively and who removed to Missouri in an early day. The Herns came to Texas in 1844 and settled in Red River county, where they resided four years: then he came to Dallas county, arriv- ine May 10. 1S49, where the father died in 1859, at the age of fifty-two years, the mother beinsT still a resident of Dallas. After their HTSTORr OF DALLAS COUNTY. 4^5 tnarriHge Mr. and Mrs. Merrifiold settled on tlie headriglit lie had purchased and he soon after closed up his business in Dallas and began giving his entire attention to agricul- tural pursuits, which he followed until his death. They became the parents of six chil- dren, five of whom still survive: Sarah Eliz- abeth, the wife of James Freeman; William Jefferson; Thomas Alexander; John Samuel, who died in 1878 at the age of eight months; Charles Boone and Rachel J. Mr. Merrifield was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and died while in full commnnion with that church, Septem- ber 8, 1888, not only his immediate and sor- rowing family monrning his loss, but also a large circle of friends. He was a member of the A. F. and A. M., socially. During the Civil war he served in the Commissary De- partment. His widow, who is also a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, resides on the home place which is matiaged by one of her sons. Mr. Merrifield first started out in life on borrowed capital, but by giving bis closest attention to his business, and by good management, he accumulated a large property, becoming the owner of 1,080 acres of land, some of tlie most fertile of Dallas county. He was a successsul business man, and his honorable way of conducting his affairs won him the confidence and esteem of all who knew him. > :>=< e: — ^v L. STUART, carpenter and builder of Dallas, was born in Lincolnton, Lin- * coin county. North Carolina, in 1841, the third in a family of eight children of N. T. and Caroline (Robinson) Stuart, natives also of North Carolina. His father, a me- chanic and farmer, and his mother are still living, on a farm in North Carolina. The Stu- arts of North Carolina are descendants of two brothers, Scotch men, who settled near Davison College, that State, before the Revolution. Uoth the grandfathers were in the Revolu- tionary war and grandfather Robinson was a soldier also in the war of 1812; he was a na- tive of County cork, Ireland. Mr. Stuart, whose name heads this sketch, was attending a military college of Charlotte at the breaking out of the war, and in 18(52 he enlisted, at Lincolnton, in Company G, Fifty-seventh North Carolina Volunteer In- fantry, as a private and color-bearer, or Ser- geant, and was engaged in the battle of Seven Pines, the Wilderness, of the Shenandoah Valley, etc. At the battle of the AVilderness he received a gunshot wound which was so severe that he was left on the field for dead. He was confined in the hospital at Richmond, Virginia, from May to July. Afterward he received another gunshot wound in the foot, at the battle of Winchester, an he was also engaged in the ])attle of Petersburg and at Newborn. He was paroled at Appomattox Court-House in 1865. Returning to North Carolina, he attended school six months. He was married in Co- lumbia, the capital of South Carolina, De- cember 23, 1867, to Eliza Gibson, a native of that State and daughter of Nicholas and Onslow (Ilussey) Gibson, natives also of that State, respectively of Fairfield and Charles- ton. Her father was a cotton buyer and in later life a railroad agent, and was finally killed at Killian's mill. South Carolina, in 1850, in a railroad wreck. Her mother died in 1862, in the same State. Her grand- father Hussey, a native of England, was a seafaring man who lost his vessels durinor the Revolutionary war. After his marriage Mr. Stuart settled in South Carolina. In 1872 he came to Dallas, and since that time 436 HISTOET OF DALLAS COUNTY. he lias followed his trade. For the first sev- eral years he was employed by others, then was a contractor for a few years, and then worked by the day. He has traveled over a large portion of this State, prospecting, and ' has become interested in considerable land in | western Texas. Has taken much interest in p>olitics. voting with the Democratic party. For this party he is a member of the City E.xecu- tive Committee, but he is not desirous of office. He is a public-spirited citizen. His children are: A. M.; Etta T. (now ilrs. D. G. Hinckley in Dallas), Thomas, and ^Nannie. • ILLIAM KELLEY, dealer in general merchandse, is one of the prosperous business men of Dallas. Texas. Mr. Kelley was born in Lockport, Xew York, January 1, 1850, son of Thomas and Mary (Hicks) Kelley. who were natives of Ireland, and who were married in 2s ew York. His father, a civil engineer, went to Wiscon- sin as a surveyor in 1852, and bought a farm and settled on it in Dodge county. He died there in 1862, aged forty years, and his wife in 1864, aged forty-five. Both were devout Catholics. Their family of nine children are as follows: Ann, wife of John Manning; William, the subject of this sketch; Mary, a sister in the convent. Sacred Heart, at St. Louis; Ellen, wife of Michael Murphy; Thomas; Elizabeth, a sister in the Milwaukee convent; John, who died at the age of eleven years; Margaret; and Catherine, wife of James Murphy. William Kelley received his education in the leading schools of Wisconsin. February 6, 1862. at the age of twelve years and thirty-seven days, he enlisted iu Company D, Seventeenth Wisconsin Infantry, and re- mained in the service of the Union until the war was practically over. He was probably the youngest soldier in the Federal army. Tall, mature-looking, wiry and tough, with a nature bold and daring, frank and generous, he combined physical strength and powers of endurance, and was thus equipped with soldierly traits possessed by few. He partic- ipated in many of the principal engagements of the war, was never wounded or imprisoned, and after leaving; the service returned to New York, reaching that city on the Satur- day following the assassination of President Lincoln. After remaining in Xew York about a mouth, he went to Chicago, thence to St. Louis, and from there to Little Rock, Arkansas. At the latter place he clerked in the Quartermaster's Department for a time, after which he was employed by the Govern- ment to exhume the dead Union soldiers and remove them to the cemetery at Little Rock. Leaving the Government service, Mr. Kelley was engaged as passenger agent on a line of boats (also had charge of the mail) between Little Rock and Memphis, being thus employed three years. The following two years he clerked in the railway station at Little Rock, after which he was captain of a ferry boat three years. After that he took a course in a commercial college of that city, and at the same time was engaged in buying cotton on the streets on a commission. Mr. Kelley dates his arrival in Texas in .1876. He clerked in a grocery in San Antonio for nearly a year, after which he canvassed for various articles in several cities. In 1877 he engaged iu his present business in Dallas. As a merchant he has been very successful, and has also made some money in the real-estate business. Mr. Kelley was married May 10, 1881, to Miss Anna Fleshheimer, stepdaughter of HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 487 Ileiny (Tiiyer, of Little Rock, Arkansas. Her father died in St. Louis wiien she was nine years of age. Her mother passed away in Little Rock, in 1890. Mr. and Mrs. Kelley have three children: Elsie, Thomas J., and Stafford E. He is a Catholic, wliilo his wife is a member of the Lutheran Church. H. LINDSAY, of the firm of Lindsay & Reid, contractors and builders, Dal- * las, have a stone yard on Pacific av- enue and Broadway, where they dress and pre- pare building stone of every description. Among the principal structures furnished with stone by this company are the Guild and the Jones buildings, the Dallas Club- house, F. M. Cockerell Imilding on Main street, the Sanger building, theliaptist Church on the corner of Patterson avenue and Ervay street, the Barton building and the Simpson, Hutfinan & Ardrey building — all in Dallas, besides a bank building at Waxahachie; and they have contracted for the courthouse in Limestone county, Texas. Mr. Lindsay also did the stone work on the patrol station, in Dallas, on the (/. T. Rowan building, on Main street, etc., etc., besides a vast amount of trimming on business blocks, public build- ings and residences. He first came to Dallas in 1883, at first working by the day on the Windsor Hotel and the Merchants' Exchange building. About 1887 he formed his pres- ent partnership. Mr. Lindsay was born in Edinburgh, Scot- land, in June, 1862, the eldest child in a family of four sons of David and Sarah Lind- say, natives respectively of Scotland and Eng- land. He was very young when his mother died; but his father, also a stone mason by trade, is still living, in Edinburgh. Mr. Lindsay was reared in the city of Edinburgh, learning his trade there. In 1881 he went to London for a while, following his vocation; then returned to Scotland, and in March, 1882, he sailed from Glasgow to America, landing at New Y'ork. For a time lie worked at Cleveland, Ohio, and towns in the vicinity, and visited LaFayette, Indiana, and came thence to Dallas. He was married in December, 1888, in Dallas, to Helen Struthers, of Strathaven, Lanarkshire, Scotland. Mr. Lindsay votes with the Democratic party, but is not active in political circles. Socially, he is a member of Dallas Lodge, No. 70, K. of P., and of Cceur de Lion Divi- sion, No. 8, of the Uniformed Rank. He and his wife are members of the Second Pres- byterian Church. He has always been iden- tified with the best interests, both material and moral, of the city of Dallas. fC. GARISON was born in l*ooue county, Missouri, August 22, 1844. 'His father, W. C. Garison, a native of North Carolina and of Irish ancestry, went to California in 1850, and died there in 1852. The mother was a native of Missouri and a daughter of William Huff, who went from Tennessee to Missouri among the pioneers of that country. The Huffs were of English ancestry. When J. C. Garison was nine years old he was left an orphan, and at that age was thrown upon his own resources. In 1859 he started across the plains to California, assist- ing in driving a large herd of cattle and be- ing from May until the following November ill making the journey. After arriving in California he worked at various occupations 438 HISTOBT OF DALLAS COUNTt. for eight years; attended school two years of the time; returned to Missouri, and in 1869 came to Texas, locating in Lisbon, Dallas county, where he engaged in farming. He was married July 9, 1874, to Miss Sally Pal- lord, a native of Virginia and a daughter of T. J. and Elizabeth Pallord, early settlers of Dallas county. After his marriage he lived near Lisbon for one year, then moved to Cedar Creek, near Oak Cliff, where he lived fourteen years, and in 1888 sold out and pur- chased his present farm. Here he owns 314 acres of improved land, 200 acres of which are under cultivation. Mr. and Mrs. Garison are the parents of three children : Nellie, Ida and Clyde. Mr. Garison is associated with the Masonic fra- ternity, being a member of the Tannehill Lodge. Mrs. Garison is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. fW. EDMONDSON, a prominent farmer and stock-raiser, has been identified ® with the interests of Dallas county since 1850. He is a native of Tennessee, born in Shelby ville, November 17, 1839, the oldest son of W. T. and Sarah A. (Davis) Edmondson. "When he was eleven years old he with his father's family started for Texas and after spending one season in Louisiana arrived in Dallas. Here he was reared and received his early education, com- pleting his studies at Baylor University, In- dependence, Texas. In 1860 he went to Tennessee to attend school, but the war came on and he returned to Texas, and in 1861 enlisted in Company C, Colonel Dannell's Reo-iment. He served in the Indian Nation, in Arkansas and Louisiana, and at the close of the war camehome with the rankof Captain. December 23, 1865, Mr. Edmondson mar- ried Miss Bettie H. Miller, a daughter of William B. Miller, prominent mention of whom is made on another page of this vol- ume. After his marriage Mr. Edmondson settled at Cedar Springs and remained there one year. Then he located on the old place where Mrs. Edmondson departed this life September 5, 1872, leaving one child, John Franklin, born September 24.1867, who now holds a position in the Ninth National Bank of Dallas. After the death of his wife Mr. Edmondson moved to his present farm and built the home he now occupies. Here he owns 825£ acres of land, which is devoted to general farming. Politically he is a Democrat. ^ENJAMIN L. BRANSON, a member of one of the pioneer families of Dallas county, is a farmer and stock-raiser and lives in Precinct No. 5, his postoffice being "Wheatland. Mr. Branson was born in Sangamon county, Illinois, October 7, 1850, son of Thomas and Louisa (Cole) Branson, of whom mention is made elsewhere in this volume. When he was three' years old he was brought by his parents to Texas, and was reared on a farm in Dallas county. His education was ob- tained in the common schools and completed at Mansfield, Tarrant county, this State. His father died in 1864 and the following year his mother ])assed away. He, however, con- tinued to reside on the old homestead until 1875, at which time he engaged in farming for himself on a part of the land his father had owned. He now has a farm of 280 acres of well improved and highly cultivated land, on which he is engaged in general farming. He also owns twenty-five acres of timber land. niSTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 4S0 Mr. Branson was married, November 14, 1886, to Miss S. K. Davis, a native of Ten- nessee. Although born in Tennessee, she was reared in Tarrant county, having been broutfht here in 1858, wlien an infant, by iier parents, P. G. and Caroline Davis. Their union has been blessed with three chil- dren: Carrie Louise, Tom and Ada Mozelle. Mr. and Mrs. Branson are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. Frater- nally he is associated with the A. F. & A. M. fAYETTE R. ROWLEY, a prominent citizen of Dallas, was born in New York State in 1840, son of Robert S. and Sophia (Taylor) Rowley. His father, a native of Connecticut, moved to Ohio early in life, was married there and returned to New York and afterward to Ohio again. He finally died in Texas, in 1885, at the age of seventy years. By occupation he was a farmer and stock-raiser. His wife, a native of Ohio, is still a resident of that State. Mr. Rowley, whose name heads this sketch, received a good education, followed clerking for a while, taught scliool two years, and in 1876 came to Dallas as a representative of Russell &('o., of Massillon, Ohio, with head- quarters here, having as his territory the States of Te.xas and Louisiana, Indian Terri- tory and old Mexico. In his extensive trav- els in the interest of his company he saw many queer and startling scenes in pioneer life. His engines and threshers were often moved over 100 miles by eight or ten yoke of oxen, that had brought in loads of buffalo hides. Ill health at length compelled him to abandon his hard, itinerant work. In 1889 he was unanimously chosen by the City Council of Dallas as Auditor, which position he filled with greater fidelity, perhaps, than they had ever before. He had three and a half years experience as Alderman, being Chairman of the Committee on Finance and Municipal Affairs. In the discharge of his official du- ties he was careful, conscientious and ener- getic. For his home he purchasetl eight acres of the Eakin tract, adjoining the city park, and on that lovely spot built an elegant residence, which he now occupies. The premises are embellished with flowers and furnished with all that culture could dictate. It is indeed an ideal home — one of the kind that trains the best class of citizens, and to which his chil- dren will ever turn with pleasure. Mr. Rowley has been a member of the Masonic order for twenty-eight years, and of the order of the Knights of Pythias for ten years; he has represented the last named sev- eral years in the grand lodge. On national questions he is a Republican, but locally he votes for the " !)est man."' No man in Dal- las county is more popular than Mr. Rowley. He was married in 18G2 to Miss Maria S. Ensign, of Ohio, a woman of sterling worth, than whom no one is more highly esteemed. The children by this marriage are: Robert E., who died at the a^e of thirteen years; Sophia E., now Mrs. P. G. Gordon, of New York; Emma E.;Mary E., who died in in- fancy, and Fayette Robert, Jr. W. FLEMING, farmer and stock- raiser, Dallas, Dallas county, Texas, * dates his birth in Knox county, east Tennessee, September 2, 1827. He is the ohlest of the family of eight children born to Washington S. and Ruth (Brown) Fleming, natives of Tennessee and Virginia respect- 440 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. ivelj and of English and Scotch ancestry. When he was fourteen years old his par- ents removed to Montgomery county, Illinois, where he was reared on the farm and edu- cated in the subscription schools, held in prim- itive log schoolhouses, remaining a mem- ber of his father's household until he reached his twenty-fifth year. In 1854 Mr. Fleming came to Texas, traveling through with teams and being thirty days en route. For two years he rented land, after which be went to the western part of the State and spent one year in what is now Jack county, then unexplored and in- habited chiefly by Indians and wild animals. From that place he came back to Dallas county and purchased ninety-six acres of wild land, at once beginning to make improve- ments on it. He was married September 30, 1856, to Miss C. J. Britain, daughter of Joseph Britain, of whom prominent mention is made elsewhere in this volume. After his marriage he settled on his present farm, which, from its wild State he has brought to a high standard of development. An attract- ive feature of his place is a flne grove of shade-trees which he planted. As a curiosity we may mention here that Mrs. Fleming adorns her house with a beautiful hair wreath, consisting of locks of hair taken from 117 different members of five generations of the family. To Mr. and Mrs. Fleming, three children were born, two of whom are still living: Eachel Anna, the eldest daughter, was born December 5, 1857 in 1881, was united in marriage to Mr. C. E. Logan (son of Dr. A. R. Logan), of Davenport, Iowa; live children blessed this union, four of whom are still living: three girls and one boy. Mrs. Logan is a member of the Christian Church. Lee Fleming, second child, a sou, born De- cember 25, 1866, in Dallas county, Texas, died in Pana, Illinois, July 13, 1868, aged one year and seven months; Shular V. Flem- ing, the youngest son, was born in Dallas county, Texas, April 9, 1871, and resides with his parents on the old home place. Mr. and Mrs. Fleming have twice made the trip back to Illinois with teams since they took up their abode in Texas. In poli- tics he is independent. Mrs. Fleming is a member of the Christian Church. In connection with the history of Mr. Fleming's parents, it should be further stated that his father died in 1864, aged sixty-one years, and his mother is still living, in Illinois, having reached the advanced age of eighty-six years. She retains her mental and physical powers to a remarkable degree. Seven of their eight children still survive. She has forty-six grandchildren, twenty-eight of whom are living, and she has twenty-four great-grandchildren, of whom twenty-one are li :ig. -^^^i^^^^^T^^^ iOSES GOODFELLOW, of Dallas county, was born in Meigs county, Ohio, January 12, 1820, a son of Peter B. and Annie (Crow) Goodfellow. The father, a native of New York, moved to Meigs county, Ohio, at an early date, later to Mason county, Virginia, and in 1841 to Randolph county, Missouri, where he died in 1869, at the age of eighty-five years. He was a soldier in the war of 1812, for which he received head-warrants in Arkansas. Mr. and Mrs. Goodfellow were married in New York, and the wife accompanied her husband in all his moves, sharing his fortunes, and survived him eight years, dying in Randolph county, Missouri, in July, 1877, at the age HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNT F. 441 of eighty-four years. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Goodf'ellow are: MelancthoTi, Snsan, Moses, John, Peter, Adam, James and Mary. All tlie ciiildren are now deceased e.xcept the subject of this sketch and a sister, Susan, who is now the widow of Francis Wolf, and resides in Ilandolph county, Mis- souri. Moses, the subject of this sketch, settled in Missouri when a young man, and in the fall of 1860 he came to Dallas county. Be- fore coming to this State he traded for 205 acres of land in Dallas county, and to this he has since added until he now owns 276 acres on Grapevine Prairie, about one-half of which is in cultivation, and the remainder in pasture. Mr. Goodfellow also owns ninety acres of timber land near his homestead, and forty-live acres on the West Fork of the Trin- ity. He has done all the improving on his home place, having fenced the entire tract, cultivated about 100 acres, set out a fine orchard, and erected a comfortable, two-story frpine house. Mr. Goodfellow was married in Missouri, November 25, 1846, to Nancy Beale, who was born in Boone county, Kentucky, De- cember 16, 1828. She was taken by her par- ents, Thomas and Lncy Beale, to Missouri when ten years of age. Jlr. and Mrs. Good- fellow have reared a large family of children, all of wiioin are now grown, and most of whom are married. They are as follows: Urillia, born February 7, 1848; Lucy Ann, January 20, 1850; William B. May 16, 1852; Sarah Nancy, June 29, 1854; John James, August 11, 1856; Thomas Peter, February 15, 1859; Mary Frances, August 26, 1801; Mosettie, March 12, 1864; and Robert, ilarcii 26, 1867. Lucy Ann died October 11, 1870; Sarah Nancy, September 17, 1880; Marv Frances, October 22, 1882. William B. married Sarah E. Jasper, of Dallas county; John James was married Deceml)er20, 1882, to Lou Swan, of Tarrant county; Mary Frances was the wife of Isaac D. Houston, of Tarrant county; Jfosettie was married to William Lucas, of Dallas county, October 20, 1886; Thomas Peter was married February 27, 1889, to Idelia Burgoon; and Robert married Fannie Foster, of Coleman county, Texas, March 26, 1891. Mr. and Mrs. Goodfellow are members of the Missionary Baptist Church, the former having been baptized at Sweet Springs Church, Randolph county, Missouri, October 12, 1849, and the latter at Bear Creek Church, Tarrant county, July 27, 1875. fOHN B. MAY was born in Bowling Green, Kentucky, November 1, 1847, and was seven months old when his par- ents emigrated to Texas. They tirst settled in Bonliam and after remaining there two years moved to McKinney. They soon after- ward located in Dallas county, and there John B. was reared on a farm and received a com- mon-school education. When a boy he was full of energy and push, and since grown has been engaged in various enterprises, always making a success of whatever he undertook. After his marriage, which occurred January 6, 1869, he engaged in farming. He sub- sequently turned his attention to the grocery business and conducted a store two years. He afterward ran a market house at Dallas. Next we find him in Palo Pinto county, west Te.xas, conducting a cattle ranch. In 1881 he re- turned to Dallas, fanned one year and then sold groceries two years. In 1884 he moved to Farmers' Branch, where he has since re- mained and is now the leading merchant and produce dealer of the place. During the 442 E18T0RY OF DALLAS COUNTY. season of 1890 he bought about 400 bales of cotton, fully one half of all that was sold at this market. The grain crop of 1890 being a failure, he shipped corn from Kansas and sold to fanners here for their stock. Mr. May Las recently built a line residence. He also owns his store building. His father, Andrew J. May, was a native of Kentucky. He taught school in his early life, and after he was able to buy a farm he gave his attention to agricultural pursuits. After an active and useful life he died, near the city of Dallas, in Fel)ruary, 1863. Dur- ing the war he served from 1861 until the time of his death. He was detailed to im- portant branches of the Confederate service, his duty being chiefly in the vicinity of his home. His wife was before her marriage Miss Mary White. Her father was one of the earliest pioneers of Texas. After his death his daughter returned to Kentucky, where Mr. May met and married her, and they then came back to Texas, as above stated. Their union was blessed with seven children, three sons and four daughters, all of whom are liv- ing and filling honorable positions in life. Their names are as follows: John B., the Bubjeet of this sketch; Eliza J., wife of B. F. Junes, an ex-SherifF of Dallas county; Benjamin A., who resides in Dallas; Bell, wife of J. B. Slanter, resides in Colorado City; Davis W., who is engaged in the real- estate business in San Antonio; Lulu, a resi- dent of Dallas; and Sally, who married Thomas Scurlock and is now livino- at Cle- burne, Johnson county, Texas. John B. May married Miss Sally A. Thomp- son, daughter of M. M. Tiiompson of Ten- nessee. Her father came to Texas before the war and was prominent in many enteprises here. His death occurred in 1886. This happy union has resulted in the birth of eight children, seven of whom are still liv- ing. Their names are Byron, Allie, Mitinie, Jennie B., Lela, Edward, Lee and Annie May. Lee died in 1889, at the age of two years; Allie is the wife of M. W. Cox, a Dallas county farmer. The others are all at home with their parents. Politically, Mr. May affiliates with the Democratic party. IW^^ONTIOLLION SHAWVEK,afarm- wWWi e"* of Precinct No. 3, also interested -^5^^ in a large cattle ranch in Baylor county, Texas, was born in Missouri, a son of John and Caroline (Walker) Shawver, natives of Virginia and of English parentage. The father came to Missouri in an early day and settled in Macon county, eight miles from the city of Macon, where he engaged in farming. He served as Justice of the Peace of his pre- cinct, and became prominently identified with the growth and development of his county. The parents had ten children, namely: Ben- ton, deceased; Amanda, the wife of L. C. Ebrite, of Mesquite; Daniel, deceased; Elisha, deceased; John, who resides in Baylor county, Texas; George, a resident of this township; Nannie, the wife of Richard Mathews; Mon- tiollion, our subject; Lora, in Dallas county; and Robert, who resides in Baylor county. The father came to this State in 1869, locating north of Dallas fur two years, and in 1871 bought 260 acres of land east of Mesquite, paying from $5 to $10 per acre. His death occurred in 1880, at the age of eighty years, and his wife died in 1872, at the age of fifty years. The subject of this sketch was educated in the common schools of his native county, and at the age of twenty-o;ie years commenced life HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 443 for liimself. He remained on his father's farm until 1S83, when he removed to Baylor county, and in company with his brothers, Robert and John, conducted a ranch, owning one section of land. Thirty acres of this land is improved, and part is sown in Johnson grass and the remainder is in pasture. The brothers also own about 4,200 head of cattle of all ages. Mr. Shawver was married in 1881, to Linnie Rowe, a da\ighter of William and Emily (McDaniel) Kowe, natives of Tennessee and Illinois. T!.e parents came to this State about the same time, where they were mar- ried, in 1845, and the next year settled on the place now owned by our subject, consistingof 100 acres. Mr. Rowe tirst erected a log house, not having built a frame dwelling till after the war. Before the war he owned 550 acres of land, one of the tinest farms in the county, where he erected good buildings, etc. He died July 21, 1888, at the age of sixty years, and his wife died in 18S9. They were the parents of three children: Linnie, wife of Mr. Shawver; W. S., of Dallas; and Emma, the wife of A. F. Cross, also of Dallas. Mr. and Mrs. Shawver are the parents of three children: Emma L., M. R. and Veda C. UDOVIC C. LEEDS, one of the most enterprising and energetic of Dallas city's business men, was born in New York city, in 1842, and is a son of Alexander and Susan E. Leeds. The father is a native of Hartford, Connecticut, but was reared to agricultural pursuits. He emigrated to Mich- igan, and for many years held offices of honor and trust in Berrien county. He still resides there, and is one of its most highly respected citizens. The mother of our subject was born in the West Lidies, and was the daughter of a physician. She died in 1860. They reared a family of three children, all of whom are living at the present time. Ludovic C. was educated in the common schools and began life as a clerk in his father's otMce. He remained there three years and then enlisted in the Twenty-fifth Michigan Volunteer Infantry, Company C, August 8, 1862. He saw service in Kentucky, Ten- nessee, Georgia and North Carolina, and was with General Burnside on the Knoxville cam- paign, and was with General Thomas at Nasiiville, Tennessee. He was in many forced marches, and participated in some of the most noted battles of the war. After the declaration of peace he returned to Michigan, and went thence to Omaha, Nebraska, where he secured employment with the Union Pacific Railroad Company. In 1869 he came to Jefferson, Texas, and opened a hotel, which he conducted until 1875. In that year he came to Dallas and embarked in the lumber business. He began at the bottom of the ladder, and mastered every detail of that industry, profiting by the experience of older heads. After several years of service under the direction of excellent business men he formed a partnership with Mr. Conkling, under the fii-m name of Leeds & Conkline, and purchased the plant of one of tiie oldest and most reliable firms in the county. They do a general lumber business, and have con- ducted their affairs with much success. They have met with some adversities, the most severe being the destruction of their mill by fire. They have rebuilt, however, and are fairly re-e-stablished with their old customers. Mr. Leeds was married in 1875, to Miss Mattie Bartholomew, of Michigan, and they are the parents of six children: Alexander B,; Ludovic; Mary, wiio died at the age of 444 HISTOnr OF DALLAS COUNTY. one year; Will L., and Jessie M. and Carlos W., twins. Our subject is an active member of John A. Dix Post, Grand Army of the Republic, and holds one of the offices of the post. He belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church, and takes an interest in all the en- terprises that have for the object the elevation of humanity. SILLIAM E. BEST, who is actively engaged in mercantile trade in Dal- las, Texas, has been a resident of the city and prominently connected with her commerce since 1874 The lot where his handsome residence stands was then in the suburbs. He purchased this land and a small grocery store located on the corner of Caroline and McKinney streets, where he had his first experience in mercantile life; he continued in business there until the end of eighteen months when he tbund his quarters were too small for the growing demands of his trade, and established himself in the com- modious quarters he now occupies at 161 Ross avenue. Here he has by fair means, indnstry, and an intelligent comprehension of the conditions of the markets, built up a trade of which any man might well be proud. Mr. Best is an American citizen by adop- tion, his native land being the Emerald Isle, county Armagh, where he first saw the light of day May 26, 1839. He is the second of a family of nine children born to Robert and Sarah (Thompson) Best, natives of Ireland; the father was a land owner in that country, residing in county Armagh; he died in 1867, and his wife survived him two years. In 1854 our worthy subject bade farewell to home and friends and native land, and crossed the sea to America, landing in New York city; he started West at once, and stopped in Hillsboro, Illinois, where he remained until the beginning of the Civil war. In September, 1862, he went to Springfield, Illinois, and there enlisted in defense of the flag of his adopted land. He joined Company A, Ninty-seventh Volun- teer Infantry, and was transported to Vicks- burg. To trace the Ninety-seventh through all the varying fortunes of warfare would be an oft-told tale. Sutiice it to say, that Mr. Best bravely and gallantly participated in the engagement at Arkansas Post, the siege of Vicksbnrg, the attack on Fort Gibson, at which place he was commissioned First Lieutenant, the battle of Edwards Station, Black River Bridge, Jackson, Mississippi, and many of less note. Mr. Best was mustered out of the service at Galveston with the rest of the Ninty-seventh in August, 1865, and honorably discharged at Spring- field, Illinois. In January, 1865, during the war, he was united in marriage to Miss Isabella Otway, a daughter of John A. Otway, of New Or- leans. Mr. Otway was the owner of a tine line of steamers on the Mississippi, and he was otherwise interested in the transpor- tation lines of New Orleans. He was well known in business circles throughout the South; his death occurred in New Orleans in 1876. After his return from the war, Mr. Best settled down to the more peaceful pursuit of agriculture, cultivating his farm near Hills- boro, Illinois. There he lived until 1871, when he removed to Louisiana; he purchased a plantation near St. Martinsville, and made it his home for three years. Not being satisfied with the results of this operation, he sold out and moved with his family to Dal- las county, Texas; he settled near the pres- ent city on rented land, and in one year ^A^-Xy^-^n/z^r^^ (^W^lnytA^y^^^ niSTOHY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 445 moved into Dallas. lie lias been one of the energetic workers in commerce, and has larirely aided in establishing the present reputation of Dallas as a business center. Mr. anrazoria, July 20, 1834. Brown county, created in 1856, was named in his honor, at the request of many old citizens. His talented and de- voted wife survived him until April 30, 1861, when she expired at her home in Lavaca county, Texas. John Henry Brown was but four years of age when he heard, with all the intensity of earnest childhood, of the charms of Texas, than which no other place, except his child- hood's home, has engaged his ati'ections, thjs 446 HISTORT OP DALLAS COUNTY. partiality having increased with the flight of years, until now, at sixty-four, it is rendered sacred by a thousand ties. After working on the farm until he was twelve years old, he entered a printing office in his native county town, under the protection and guidance of the afterward distinguished A. B. Chambers, who so long and ably edited the St. Louis Refubican. In that nolile-hearted gentle- man and his wife he found akind and consider- ate father and a wise, ever tender and model mother. Under such auspices, in the purest moral atmosphere, his pupilage was passed, iirst through the printing office in the coun- try, and next in St. Louis, whither the family removed. Under the influence of this hon- ored and beloved couple his mind was di- rected to the acquisition of useful knowledge — much from books — and much from asso- ciation with them and the educated and re^ fined circle in which they moved. His first residence in Texas was with his uncle, Major James Kerr, on the Lavaca river, where he mingled with the young men of the country and acquired practical knowledge of Texas border life. When Austin was laid out, in 1839, as the new seat of government, he, being then nine- teen years of age, repaired to that place in search of employment on one of the two news- papers to be established there. He was fa%'or- ably introduced to President Lamar, Vice- President Burnet. General Albert Sidney Johnston, Dr. Branch T. Archer, Secretary of War; Judge Abner S. Lipscomb, Secretary of State, and neaidy all the prominent men at the capitol, and had the good fortune to ob- tain their good will, and ever after to retain their esteem. In the winter of 1839-''40 he was one of a company of volunteers who pursued the In- dians, who had made a night raid on Aus- tin. Early the following summer he returned to his uncle's, on the Lavaca, where he joined in the "Archer campaign,'' after which sev- eral other expeditions followed in quick suc- cession, all in defense of the raided frontier. After one of these, with his brother, Rufus E. Brown, he aided in opening a farm for their mother in what is now Lavaca county, which was the outside house in that imme- diate section and entirely open to Indian raids. In 1841 he was First Sergeant of a company of "minute men," which made sev- eral expeditions. The winter of 1841-'42 was comparatively quiet, proving to be the "calm before the storm." He was one of the volunteers who, under Captain John C. Hays, in chief command, evacuated San Antonio, after which he served as a scout and a picket against Mexican and Indian surprise, west of that city, under the same commander. He participated in the battle of Salado, on Sep- tember 18, 1842, in which Lieutenant Brown received a wound in the hip joint, which he did not then regard as serious, but which has annc^yed him more or less ever since. He also participated in a severe skirmish with the Mexicans on the 22d. He afterward participated in the unfortunate Somervell expedition, in which the returning volunteers suffered greatly from hunger and the inclem- ency of the weather, reacliing San Antonio January 7, 1843, where they were honorably discharged. Lieutenant Brown, with a single companion, reached his mother's home late at night, barefooted and nearly naked, after traveling all day in a cold, wet norther, and would have perished had not shelter been soon found. After assisting in planting the crops the following spring, Mr. Brown left, on the 4th of April, 1843, on a trip to Missouri, and at his native place met, and on the 9th of July BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 447 married, Miss Mary Mitchei, of Groton, Connecticut, an educated and accomplislied young lady of one of tlie oldest and most hii^lily respected families of New England. The next winter was spent in Missouri, where Mr. Brown lay at ileath's door with the ma- lignant disease called "black tongue," which fastened upon iiis lungs and rendered liini unfit for active labor for several years, and the effects of which yet manifest themselves under exposure. Returning to Texas he re- mained for a time at his mother's, where his iirst child, Julius Kufus, was born, on the 1st of February, 1846. Later in the same year, when the Victoria Advocate was started, he removed to that place and was employed on that paper, assist- ing in its editorial department. When the militia of the new State was organized in 1846, al)out the commencement of the Mexican war, he was appointed Brigade Major of the Southwest, with the rank of Colonel, which position he held four years. In February, 1848, he removed to the new town of Indianola, and until 1854 was an active and zealous worker in the interests of that place, holding various positions of trust. ile also founded and edited the Indianola Bulletin, a widely circulated and influentia} journal. During this time he was a contrib- utor to De Bow's Review, under the general title of "Early Life in the Southwest." During the time from annexation in 1845- '46 to 1854 he became a thorough disciple of Slates' rights, as held by the great sage and apostle of liberty, Thomas Jefferson, which beliefs were the corner stones of his political actions from that time until seces- eipn occurred. In 1854 he purchased an interest in and became co-editor of the Galveston Civilian,' but Mr. Hamilton Stuart, his senior associate. the founder of the paper and an able writer, held the j)osition of United States Custom- house Collector, and the chief editorial labor devolved on Colonel Brown, lie manifested such ability that he was nominated for the House of Representatives, and began his career as a public speaker with such effect that he was considerably the foremost man when the votes were counted. Colonel Brown was an active, laborious and conscientious worker in the Legislature — never speaking over five minutes and only on subjects on which he could throw light — always watcliful for the interests of his con- stituency, yet an attentive listener, anxious to understand the bearing of every question discussed upon the permanent good of Texas. That his course was eminently satisfactory to his constituency was proven by his unanimous nomination before his return home and his triumphant election a few days after his arrival, as Ma^'or of the city, a position he neither sought nor desired. Under liis first year's administration the streets were improved, the laws of the city revised and published, so that each voter could have a copy, many abuses were cor- rected, one of which was giving the mayor a fee of $2.50 for each conviction before him, and none for acquittal, of which he had never heard, and which he denounced as a bribe, refusing to touch money thus received, and induced the council to strike this law from the municipal coile. At the ex|)iration of his term in March, 1857, he was re-elected without opposition. During his second term public improvements continued. His editorial labors continued during all this period, though his health re- mained precarious* as it had been for tiiirteen years. As the time approached for another election, he was unanimously nominated by 448 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUSTT- the Democratic party for the House of Rep- resentatives, and elected iu September, 1857, without opposition. About the tirst of ^November he resigned the mayoralty and took his seat for the third time in the Legislature, and throughout its long session was so occupied with its labors that he was but twice in the business portion of Austin. During the session he received an injury from a fall, destined, several years later, to require a surgical operation. His health continued to decline, and on returning home in March, 1858, he sold his interest in the Civilian and his home in Galveston and removed to Belton. with the view of convert- ing his means and recovering his health in stock raisiDff. About the last of 1859 the Belton Demo- crat was founded, and Colonel Brown became its editor and so continued until secession was accomplished, in February, 1861. He was elected a delegate to the secession con- vention from the district of Bell and Lam- pasas, without a sinf^le vote being cast against him. The convention met and organized on January 28, 1861, and on February 2 the ordinance of secession was passed. He con- tinned an active member of this body until final adjournment, March 25. By this time he was in such a condition from the injury previously mentioned that a surgical operation was performed, in Belton, in July, and late in August he left for the headquarters of General Ben McCul- loch, in the southwest comer of Missouri, and served on the general's staff through the fall and winter, until the death of the gen- eral. He was immediately appointed Adju- tant General on the staff of General Henry E. McGulloch. Owing to ill health he re- turned to his home in Texas, in 1863. In the summer of 1864 another snrgical opera- tion was performed. Soon afterward he removed with his family from Austin to Mexico, and was appointed chief Commissioner of Immigration by the Imperial government. He received a similar commission in March, 1866, to explore and report upon the country along the Panuco river. In the spring of 1S69, he visited Texas, proceeding thence to Xew York and to New England on a mission in re- lation to the purchase of improved arms for the Mexican government. On his return he remained nine mouths in Mexico. In March, 1S70, he left Mexico by steamer, re- joined by his family in New Orleans, and two months later they proceeded to Indianola, Texas. He was occupied from April until November in delivering over 100 addresses in the Northern States and Xew England in aid of the reform society in Mexico, from which a liberal amount was raised in aid of the cause. He declined further service for the cause, and rejoined his family in Indian- ola, in January. 1871. On July 17, 1871, he located in Dallas. In 1872, he was unanimously nominated by the Democratic party for the House of Representatives from the district of Dallas, Collin and Tarrant, and was elected by a ma- iority of over 2,000. It was said bv his asso- ciates that he never seemed to sleep, during the session of the Legislature, being ever at work for the good of the country. He re- turned home, careworn and wearied, but re- lieved of a long-felt anxiety, on the 7th of June, 1873, to find his eldest son, Julius, re- cently returned from Mexico, very sick, and witnessed his death .on the 9th. This first death in the family was a shock from which he was long in recovering, and he withdrew HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. AA'i as much as possible from the public to the quiet of liis faiiiilj-. In 1875, he was brouglit forward as a can- didate for the constitutional convention for the counties of Dallas, Tarrant and Ellis, and was elected by a large majority. As in for- mer deliberative bodies Colonel Brown was a laborious worker in this, and wasted no time in useless debate. A constitution was drawn up, which was ratified l)y a majority of the people, and went into effect April 18, 1870. The death of his other son, on May 19, 1876, was anotiier severe blow to him and he again withdrew for a time into seclusion. In 1877 and again in 1879 he was on the front- ier, his wife and daughters accompanying him in the former year, in 1880-'81 he was em- ployed as revising editor of the " Encyclo- pedia of the New West." In the autumn of 1881 he was appointed by the Governor, Com- missioner to superintend for the State the survey and location of school lands, and en- tered on his duties in 1882. In 1884 he was Alderman and Mayor pro tem. of Dallas. In 1885-'86-'«7 he was Mayor of that city and in 1888-'89 and 1890 was a local judge. During all this time his pen has never been idle, and his productions will be scru- tinized in vain to find a deliberate utterance antagonistic to public or private virtue, or unfaithful to the glory of Texas. lie has labored to cultivate fraternal feelings between the North and South, to encourage immigra- tion, and, holding the negro blameless, has championed all his rights under the amended coiKstitntion. The result of his life work is now in press, and may be published before this history is issued. It consists of two works: first, the history of Texas from 1685 to 1892. This is a large work of two volumes. Secondly, a large and handsome volume entitled " The Indian Wars and Pioneers of Texas." In the latter at least 3,000 names of early pioneers who largely clothed, fed and iti war mounted themselves, for their unpaid services will ap- pear, to prove that no country was ever set- tled, reclaimed, populated and defended by a braver, more unselfish and patriotic people. iERY REV. DR. JOUN F. COFFEY, of Dallas, Texas, was born in the prov- ince of Untario, Canada, April 5, 1855, a son of Thomas and Bridget (Mc- Keogh) Coffey, both natives of Tipperary county, Ireland. The father was a grain, provision and lumber merchant of Ottawa, Canada, and held various offices of public trust. He was one of the leading men in the liberal party in his part of the province, and was foremost in all the good works of the church. His wife has ever been a good help- mate for such a worthy man, full of energy, ready for every good word and work, and possesses many of those qualities that are beautiful and amiable anong women. Their children are: J>ridget, wife of the late Fat- rick Kelly, and now rebides with her seven children in Ottawa, Canada; John F., our subject; Charles, who resides with his mother, engaged in looking after her es- tate; Thomas died in 1889, at the age of thirty years. He held a responsible position in the Government, in the department of the Indian affairs, and his death was a very severe blow to the friends as well as the family; Patrick is Registrar of Deeds in Carleton county, being one of the youngest persons in the country ever appointed to that responsible ofKce. At the age of eighteen years he was secretary of the Liberal As- sociation. His wife was Mary A. Tierney, a 450 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. lady of estimable qualities, and a relative of some of the best families of Ottawa. They have three promisincr children. Dr. Joha F. Coffey was educated in the University of Ottawa, and was the first to receive the degree of A. B. at that university, which was in 1871, at the age of sixteen years. He then studied law for a brief period, and since his sixteenth year he has been connected with the press, religious and secular. Having studied theology in the university, our subject was ordained priest by the Most Rev. John Walsh, Archbishop of Toronto, December 19, 1877, and imme- diately afterward was appointed to important pastorates, such as Onslow and Almonte. Dr. Coffey subsequently cesigned his pas- toral charges to take editorial charge of The Catholic Record, published at London, On- tario. This paper was almost worthless when he took charge, and it soon became the leading Catholic journal in Canada. Later, he resigned that position to become editor of the The Canadian Freeman, published at Kingston, Ontario. In 1888, at the re- quest of leading public men of Canada, he founded the journal known as United Can- ada, but his advocacy of liberal principles incurred for him the enmity of influential persons, and, seeing little hope of the down- fall of Canadian Toryism in the early future. Father Coffey decided to retire forever from Canadian editorial and public life. In 1891 he resigned his editorship of the Z7?^^ie(^ Caw- ada, and, at the invitation of the Right Rev. Bishop Brennan, came to lend his energies to the building up of the Catholic interests in northern Texas. He immediately assumed the editorship of the Texan Catholic, which had just been founded by Bishop Brennan. A few weeks later Dr. Coffey was appointed Secretary to the Right Rev. Bishop, and now has charge of several important mis- sions in the diocese. He enjoyed the esteem and friendship while in Canada of such ster- ling men as Hon. Edward Blake, Sir Richard Cartwright, Hon. Wilford Laurier and others. He received the degree of LL. D. of Man- hattan College, New York, in 1885. Father Coffey is a man wide awake to the interests intrusted to him, is in the prime of vigorous manhood, has a level head and a large warm heart, and is evidently the right person in the right place for the times and territory. On the twenty-first day of July, 1892, the Right Rev. Bishop Brennan appointed him Vicar General of the diocese of Dallas, the highest honor a Catholic bishop can bestow on one of his clergy. }SAAC C. WEST, M. D., is an honored member of this profession and is worthy of the space that has been accorded him in this record of the progressive and success- ful men of Dallas county. He is a native of Maryland, born in 1843, a son of Isaac C. and Nancy H. (Derickson) West, natives of the State of Delaware. The father was a blacksmith by trade. The mother of the Doctor still survives. Dr. West has been a student all his life, and there are few profes- sional men who have devoted more time to painstaking research then he has. He received his literary education at Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, where he took the degrees of A. B. and A. M. Afterward he studied law, and was admitted to the bar. He abandoned the law because of a throat trouble which interfered with speaking or reading aloud, and took up the study of medicine, under the preceptorship of his brother. After a course of reading he en- HISTORY OF n^LLLAS COUNTY. 45t tered JeflFerson Medical College, Philadel- phia, where he graduated ia 1868. lie prac- ticed for some time before he located in Bal- timore, Mar^'land, and remained there until 1877. In that year he came to Texas, be- lieving there were greater opportunities in the Southwest than existed in the East. He settled in Ovilla, Ellis county; while living there he attended a course of lectures at tlie University of Lonisiana, and later removed to Waxahaohie. The success of the homeo- pathic school attracted liis attention, and he determined, with the disposition of a true scientist, to investigate the system. Fortius purpose he went Chicago, and entered the Ilalinemann Medical College, and was grad- uated from that institution. He then returned to Texas, and located in Dallas, where he lias won large patronage, and met with marked success. lie is a member of the Homeopathic Medical Society, and is deeply interested in the success of the entire brotherhood. In his political opinions he adheres to the prin- ciples of the Democratic party, but he is wholly independent in his voting. He be- longs to the Methodist Episcopal Church, and has been a member of the 1. O. O. F. for a number of years. The Doctor was married in 1870, to Miss Mary E. Slay, a native of Delaware. Their marriage was celebrated in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. One child was born to them, Sadie G. fM. FUKGARSON, retail grocer.— Nothing so visibly shows the strength * and prosperity of Dallas' trade as the number of large concerns engaged in han- dling the staple necessaries of life. Promi- nent among them is the pushing grocery house of Mr. Furgarson, which is located in West Dallas. He was born in Carroll county, Missi.ssippi, July 2, 1846, being the eldest of nine sons and four daughters born to J. T. and Sarah (Stovall) Furgarson. J. M. Furgarson was reared on a farm in the county of his nativity and remained with his parents until the war-cloud burst in 1861. On the 4th of May, 1862, he enlisted in Company E, Fourth Mississippi Infantry, Sears' Brig- ade, French's Division and Stewart's Corps, and served under General Joe E. Johnston in the Georgia and Alabama campaigns, partici- pating in the battle of New Hope Church, Atlanta, Lovejoy, Kenesaw Mountain, Frank- lin, Tennessee, and others of less importance. He was wounded at Franklin, Tennessee, and was disabled for sixty days, this being the only time he was off duty during the war. He served until the close, and honorably surrendered at Fort Blakely, Florida, in April, 1865. After the war he returned to his Mississippi home and for a short time thereafter attended school and assisted in tilling the old homestead. His marriage to Miss Ruby C. Lane took place December 29, 1870. She was a native of (Carroll county, Mississippi, a daughter of Simon T. Lane, who was from North Carolina, and Caroline M., nee Marshall, both of Scotch ancestry. For one year after his marriage Mr. Furgar- son resided on a farm in Choctaw county, the three subsequent years being spent in his native county. At the end of this time he went to Le Flore county and there remained until he came to Texas, in 1878, locating near Wheatland, Dallas county, where farm- ing occupied his attention until August, 1885. He then purchased his present home in West Dallas, containing two and seven- tenths acres. November 13, 1886, lie became Deputy SlierifF under W. H. Lewis and served as such for three years. In 1890 452 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. he made the race for Sheriff but was beaten by about 130 votes. March 3, 1891, he opened a grocery and feed store in West J Dallas and in this short time has built up a trade and founded a reputation ranking him in every way but in age witli the oUlest liouses of the city of West Dallas. A family of six children has been born to himself and wife, live of whom are still living: Sarah Alice, Willie Hugh, Montague, Homer and Robert Ohappell. Lonnie died at the age of thirteen months. Mrs. Furgarson is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, an exemplary Christian and a noble and thoughtful wife and mother. In his polit- ical views Mr. Furgarson affiliates with the Democratic party. ^. ^ flLLIAM H. BENNETT was born in Franklin county, Georgia, April 30, 1825, son of Hiram Bennett, who was also a native of Georgia, born in 1798. The senior Mr. Bennett went from Georgia tQ Tennessee when he was a young man, and after remaining there a while returned to Georgia and married Dosia Dobs. She was born in Georgia, in 1805, and died in camp soon after their arrival in Texas, in 1845, aged forty years. She bore him nine children, namely: J. Madison, who died at the age of sixty-eight years; Delilah, wife of Redrick Manning, and after his decease in 1843 married John U. Barlow; Sarali A., wife of James Cole; W. H.; Clark and Elisha, both deceased; David; Josiah; and Mary J., wife of William Cole. For his second wife Mr. Bennett married Sarah Dougan, in 1846. Following are children of that union : John C; Solomon M.; Emily E., wife of Isaac Wilkinson; Martha N.; and A.Stephenson and Alfred L., twins; — all now living in Texas excepting the twins. Hiram Bennett moved from Georgia to Alabama in 1833, to Arkansas in 1840, and to Texas in 1845, settling on Mesquite creek east of Dallas city; then moved to Eagle Ford on Elm fork of the Trinity river, next to Arkansas again and finally back to Texas. William H. Bennett, the subject of this sketch, was married in Arkansas, September 29, 1843, to Miss Sidney Manning, who was born to Redrick Manning, in Fayette county, Georgia, January 3, 1827. Her father, Redrick Manning, died in Arkansas in 1843, at the age of sixty-two years; her mother, whose maiden name was Sarah Wiliford,died in 1837. The three children of Mr. and Mrs. Manning are Sidney, wife of W. H. Bennett; Sarah A., wife of Benjamin Meral; and Travis. Mr. Manning's second wife was, before her marriage, Miss Delilah Bennett, and by her he also had three children, Dosia, Bennett and Elizabeth, all deceased. l^miCHAEL T. CONE.— The beautiful Emerald Isle lias contributed to '^i^^ America some of her most loyal citi- zens, among whom we find the subject of this brief biographical sketch. He was born in county Galway, Ireland, in 1858, and in his youth emigrated to the United States with his parents who settled at Maysville, Ken- tucky. In 1875 he came to Dallas, Texas, and secured employment with the companies then constructing railroads over the State. While serving these corporations he tilled many positions of trust guiding his conduct by the strictest principles of honor and integ- rity. When the work of construction was finished he embarked in the grocery business. IIlsroiiY UF DALLAS COUNTY. 453 umler the firm name of Cone & Co. and carried on the husiness for five years. At the end of tliatjperiod he went into patent- roofiDg bnsiness with Mr. King, his brother- in-law. They liave liad contracts over the whole State, and every transaction has added to their business and list of personal friends. In 1888, without his personal knowledge or solicitation, Mr. Cone was nominated for Alderman from the Sixth ward, was elected and was almost immediately appointed chair- man of one of the important committees, the one on Sewers and Drains. With his usual energj lie disj)atched the business of this de- partment. In 1890 the citizens of Dallas further testified to their confidence in his al)ility by requesting a continuance of his services in the same capacity. There is no member of the council more devoted to the interests of the city than he, and none have iriven more serious thoucrht and attention to the business under their control. Mr. Cone was married in 1885 to Miss Mol- lie Riley, of Louisville, Kentucky. They are the parents of two children : Thomas King and Nellie Agnes. Our subject affiliates with the Democratic party, and is a stanch adherent to all its prin- ciples. He belongs to the Uniformed Rank K. of P., and is a member of the Catholic Church. (EORGE THOMAS BULLOCK, a pros- perous farmer of Dallas county, was born on a farm in this county, January 19, 185(5, a son of Washington C. and Caro- line Bullock, a sketch of whom appears in this work. George T., our subject, was reared in his native place until the age of ten years, and then on the farm where his mother now lives. In 1883 Mr. Bullock bought 100 acres of land on the prairie adjoining Grapevine creek, and has since added to this purchase until he now owns about 800 acres, 100 acres of which is under a fine state of cultivation, lie is engaged principally in stock-raising, is a good trader and hunter, and an active, ener- getic citizen. Mr. Bullock was married in Dallas county, November 1, 1883, to Laura, a daughter of Conda S. and Margaret Dunagan, then of Tarrant county, but who now resides in the Indian Territory. Mrs. Bullock was born in Vernon county, Missouri, and is one of six children, namely: James T.^ David N., Rob- ert Lee, Laura and Snow. Mr. and Mrs. Bullock have had five children: Dora L., Minnie F., Maggie, William T. and Ben H. Politically, Mr. Bullock is identified with the Republican party. ENJAMIN F. GALLOWAY, a farmer of Precinct No. 3, was born in Sullivan county. East Tennessee, in 1833, the ninth of twelve children born to James and Sarah (Barns) Galloway, natives of Virginia and Tennessee, and of English and Irish pa- rentage. The paternal grandfather of our subject, Marshall Galloway, served seven years and seven months in the war for in- dependence, and participated in numerous engagements. James and Thomas Galloway were both in the war of 1812, and the latter served in the battle of New Orleans. The maternal grandmother was stolen from Ire- land when a little girl, while playing on the wharf, was induced on board the ship and brought to America. She afterward married Mr. Marshall. James (Talloway was a suc- cessful farmer, and a workman in wood, iron and stone, who died in 1855. Of their twelve children all lived to be grown, and the mother 454 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. witnessed the raarriao;e of all but our subject. The eldest, Amanda, now deceased, was the wife of William Spurgin, of Missouri; Will- iam is deceased, but his family now reside in Tennessee ; Eliza is the widow of A. H. Beard ; Jane is the wife of Jesse Crouch, of Tennes- see; James H. is deceased, and his family reside in Tennessee; John M., deceased, whose family also reside in Tennessee; Thomas resides in Washington county, Ten- nessee; Sarah, deceased, was the wife of J. R. Smith, of Phelps county, Missouri; B. F., our subject; Mary, deceased, the wife of Rev. William A. Keen, of Tennessee; George W. resides in Virginia; and Nathan, of Washing- ton county, Tennessee. George W. was a Lieutenant in the late war, was twice severely wounded, once in the back and again in the eye, and after surrendering he was supposed to liave been shot the last time by a neighbor boy, with whom he had attended school. The mother died in 1870; she was a member of the Baptist Church. Benjamin F., our subject, received his education in the common schools, and also, when twenty-one years of age, attended the Boon's Creek Seminary for twenty months, when his eyes failed and he was obliged to quit school. At the age of twenty-three years he cotnmenced farming on rented land, whicli occupation he followed until the break- ing out of the war. He enlisted in Company G, Nineteenth Tennessee Regiment, under Colonel Cummins, and participated in the battles of Murfreesboro, Atlanta, Jones- borough, Franklin, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, and numerous skirmishes. He sur- rendered with Joseph E. Johnston, after which he came home on foot, but found his place a wreck. Mr. Galloway continued farming in Tennessee until 1870, when lie traveled for three months, and afterward sold goods for two years. He was married October 8, 1872, at 11 o'clock, and three hours later started for Texas, with a two-horse wagon, and Decem- ber 10 landed at the east side of this State. He came to this county in January, 1873, where he rented laud for about two years, and in 1874 bought his present place of 101 acres, with no improvements. He has since added 117 acres, and now has 100 acres un- der a line state of cultivation. Mr. Galloway pays much attention to the rearing of mules, and also horses and cattle, but is now reducing his herd of cattle. His wife, Eliza Fletclier, was a daughter of Reuben Fletcher, of Washington county, Tennessee. To Mr. and Mrs. Galloway have been born four children, two of whom are now deceased. The living are Bedford F. and Nathan L. The mother died in 1883, at the age of twenty-nine years, and in 1887 Mr. Galloway was married to Amanda J. Miller, of Washington county, Tennessee. Both Mr. and Mrs. Galloway and eldest son are members of the Baptist Church, and the former has been a member of the A. F. & A. M. since 1868, and also of Cyane Lodge, No. 295. ANIEL M. BAKER, Chief Registry Clerk in the Dallas, Texas, postofiice, was born in the State of Tennessee, in 1840. His father was born in North Carolina, and removed thence to Tennessee at an early day. In 1852 he went to Pope county, Hii- nois, where Daniel M. grew to manhood, and received his education. He had just attained his majority when he enlisted in Company F, Twenty-ninth Illinois Infantrj', United States Army, and entered upon a long and severe term of service in a cause which he esteemed of the highest importance. He participated HISTORY OF DALL^IS COUNTY. 465 in tlie battles of Fort Doiielson, Sliiloh, Cor- inth, and the siego of Vickshiirgand Mobile. Early in 18(55 he was transferred to Texas, and in November of that year he was honor- ably discharired. lie enlisted as a non-com- missioned officer, and was promoted succes- sively from post to post until he was made Caj)tain, and was discharged with this title. When the war was ended, be became a mem- ber of the revenue service at Galveston, Texas, and served eighteen years. In 1887, he removed to Dallas, ajid after engaging in railroad business for several months, was ap- pointed Chief Registry Clerk, a position which he has ably tilled to the present time. Politically Mr. Baker adheres to the princi- ples of the Republican party, and is one of the leaders in this county, lie is Com- mander of John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., and takes a deep interest in the organization. In 1867, he was united in marriage to Miss Harrington, and to them have been born three children: Lizzie, Arthur, and Henry. ^. 4Ch> '^ ?C. FISHER, who is engaged in farm- ing in Precinct No. 3, Dallas county, ' Texas, dates his birth in Benton county, Missouri, November 1, 1849. His parents, James M. and Eliza (Bennett) Fisher, natives of Barren county, Kentucky, wont to Mis- souri at an early day, and settled on a farm in Benton county. Of their ten children, the subject of our sketch is the seventh-born. Their names are as follows: G. W., deceased; Sarah, wife of Alexander Holmes, St. Clair county, Missouri; Nancy, wife of H. B. Lightfoot, of Polk coutity, Missouri; Amanda, wife of Jacob Job, of Moniteau county, Mis- souri; Mary E., wife of R. Thrower, of Cali- fornia; Margaret E., wife of a Mr. Foster, of California; J. C; Eliza, deceased; and Will- iam G., deceased. The father died in Polk county, Missouri, in 1868, and the mother died the following year in Nebraska, where she was living with one of her children. J. C. Fisher was educated in Polk county, and at the age of twenty- one commenced life for himself as a farmer, which vocation he has since followed. He moved from Polk to Vernon county, remaining at the latter place three years. In 1875, he came to Texas, and at first farmed on rented land. In 1883, he purchased the farm on which he now lives, thirty-six and two-thirds acres, for which he paid $25 an acre. It is all prairie land and at the time of purchase was nearly all under cultivation. Being choice farming land, it is now valued at from $50 to $60 an acre. Mr. Fisher was married, April 10, 1871, to Miss Mary A. Morris, of St. Clair county, Missouri. ller parents. Ham and Susan (Dallas) Morris, had six children, viz.: Nancy M., wife of Jefferson Durhatn, of Cedar county, Missouri; Hilda, wife of A. T. Mul- lins, of Cedar county Missouri; Mary A.; the next born is deceased; Snodon, a resi- dent of St. Clair county, Missouri, and Hugh, of Palo Pinto, Texas. To Mr. and Mrs. Fisher were born seven children, five of whom died when small. Those living are L. S. and Minnie P., both residing with their father. Mrs. Fisher was born November 30, 1851, and departed this life February 27, 1884. Siie was a member of the Missionary Baptist Church. -"^^uX/l/c inri^^ 'i^—^^-a/t fOHN T. HAND, SuperintcTident of Pub- lic Schools of Dallas city, Texas, is a native of Georgia, born in February, 1835. He is a son of Isaiah and Hannah I,. (Henderson) Hand, natives of South and 456 HISTOUr OF DALLAS UOUSTT. North Carolina respectively, of Irish extrac- tion. The father was a planter by occupa- tion, but he served a long and honorable term as Probate Judge. He died in 1867. The mother still survives, and lives in Ala- bama. Both were consistent members of the Primitive Baptist Church. John T. attended school until he was fourteen years old, and then began to meet the world, relying upon his own resources. He was desirous of con- tinuing his studies, and by industry and economy he managed to enter Mercer Uni- versity at Macon, Georgia, where he was a student three years. He was graduated in the class of 1856, sharing the honors with Governor McDaniel. He then taught one year in Georgia, removing at the end of that time to Tyler, Texas, where he entered upon the duties of educator, which did not end for seventeen years. The next scene of his la- bors was the A. & M. College at Bryan, Texas, where he taught the dead languages until they were cut from the course. He then went to Brenham, Texas, and for three years had charge of the public schools in that place. He next went to Corsicana, Texas, and for live years the public schools there reaped the benefit of his wide experi- ence. In 1887, when he came to Dallas, he he found the schools in great need of system- atic organization. He at once went to work with that vigor and assurance which character- izes the touch of the master, and did not dimin- ish his efforts until the schools of Dallas took rank with the leading schools of the south- west. Prof. Hand was married in 1858, to Miss Helen J. Spurlin of Georgia, a lady of rare intelligence and tine attainments. Four chil- dren were born of this union: Flora Philo, the wife of J. W. Lambard; Lulu Corinne, wife of Jack Baker; Barton Bee, a resident of Cleburne, Texas; and Lillia Belle, wife of Sam. M. Kerr. The parents are members of the Missionary Baptist Church. Prof. Hand belongs to the Masonic fraternity. Politi- cally he is an independent Democrat. ILLIAM H. W. SMITH is a truly representative Texan, although a native of the State of Alabama, l)orn in 1855. His father. Captain W. S. Smitli, was a native of South Carolina and a lawyer by profession. After removing to Alabama he gave his attention to agriculture. He married Jane Hillhouse, of South Carolina, and they had born to them ten children, of whom Willliam H. W. is the fourth in order of birth. At the age of fourteen years he went to Mobile, Alabama, and there secured employment in a hardware store, which he held until coming to Dallas in 1873. There he followed the same business until he was appointed Deputy Sheriff in 1878. He dis- charged his duties with so much promptness and ability that he won the entire contidenco of the community, and in November, 1882, he was elected Sheriff. He had a strong op- ponent in Benjamin Jones, Esq., and the race was a close one. He served to the end of the term, and was re-elected in 1884, de- feating W. P. Cochran by the largest majority ever given any county official. He was especially successful in the administra- tion of his office, and reflected great credit upon himself and his constituency. Mr. Smith was married in Texas, in 1876, to Miss Fannie P. Sharp, granddaughter to the Hon. Robert Y. Hayne, South Carolina's gifted orator. Mr. and Mrs. Smith are the parents of three children, two were sons and one was a daughter, but only one son survives. niSTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 457 Mr. Smith is a prominent Mason, and lias held hiojli official positions in the lodge. In hia religions views he snl)S(!ril)es to the doc- trines of the Preshyterian Church. Politically he is an ardent Democrat. When Oak Cliff was incorporated he was chosen Marshal, and has been twice selected to fill that office. He has been Assessor and Tax Collector of this subnrb of Dallas, and has aided very materially in the growth and improvement of the place. He is a man of attractive person- ality, and is very popular with all classes of citizens. Frank and out-spoken, true to iiis friends, e.xact and honorable in all his busi- ness transactions, his name is worthy of preservation in the records of his county. -^ ^ jOBERT J. MILLS, as a farmer and stock-raiser, has been identified with the interests of Dallas county, Texas, since 1873. Mr. Mills was born in Daviess county, Kentucky, September 30, 1849, son of Will- iam Holmes Mills and Sally Ann (Estes) Mills, his wife, both natives of Kentucky and of English ancestry. Robert J. was reared on a farm and received his early edu- cation in the common schools, finishing with a course of study at the Baptist Institute, at Owensboro, Kentucky. He made his home with his parents until he was twenty-two years old. Then for two years he taught in the schools of his native State. In the spring of 1873 he came to Texas, and for one season was engaited in herding cattle. After that he engaged in farming near Dallas, renting land on shares for two years with Mr. Bum- pas. September 27, 1874, Mr. Mills married Miss E'fieda Ellis Coorabes, a native of Dal- las county, Texas, and a daughter of Isaac Nelson Coombes, of whom mention is made elsewhere in this volume. After his mar- riage Mr. Mills settled on his present farm of 159 acres, which he has improved and on which he has since been engaged in agricul- tural pursuits. Six children have been born to them, namely: Allen, Ruby, Annie Holmes, Henry, Lilian Ivy (who died at the age of one year), and Lou Ellen. Mr. and Mrs. Mills are both active and earnest mem- bers of the Christian Church, and in politics he affiliates with the Democratic party. -^y\nJl/h — >< — iTLnn^^ K. WRIGHT AND SON, contractors and builders of Dallas, have erected * some of the principal buildings of this city, among which may be mentioneil the Third Ward School, three churches, the Jones building, Ryan building, and many others. They also erected the Dilley residence of Maple avenue. They employ on an average ten or fifteen men the year around, and do an extensive business. N. K. Wright was born in Franklin county, Vermont, in 1833, a son of Benjamin and Phoebe (Whitney) Wright, natives also of Vermont. The father moved to Minnesota in 186G, where he died ten years later. Our subject left home in 1852 and went to St. Paul, Minneapolis, where he worked at his trade. In 1861 he enlisted in the ^''irst Min- neapolis Regiment for three months, and at the ex|)iration of that time he returned to St. Paul, in 1862 went to Peoria, Illinois, and engaged in contracting and building, and in 1876 came to Dallas. Mr. Wright was mar- ried in St. I'aul, in 1855, to Mary E. Hunter, a native of Indiana, and daughter of William F. Hunter, who went to Minnesota in 1852, and remained there until his death in 1873. 458 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. Mr. aad Mrs. Wright had three children: Lewis R., who lias been connected with his father in business since 1886; Wiley, a Pres- byterian minister of Mishawaka, Indiana, and Jennie, at home. The parents are mem- bers of the Presbyterian Church at Dallas, and socially, Mr. Wright is a member of Tannehill Lodge, A. F. ife A. M., and was a Mason in Minnesota in 1854, is a member of George H. Thomas Post, No. 6, G. A. K., of Dallas. Politically, he affiliates with the Republican party. L. R. Wright, who is associated with his father in business, spent two years studying architecture, and the firm is now prepared to draw their own specilications. He drew the plans for thirty-five buildings built by the firm in 1890. After the above was written Newel Wright departed this life, November 11, 1891. His sickness, heart-t'ailure, dates from February, 1891, when he was prostrated with an attack of la grippe. He was buried under the auspices of the Masonic order. ^ ^ F. BRANDENBURG is a farmer and stock-raiser, and is one of the well- ® known citizens of Dallas county, his postoffice address being Duncanville. In brief, a review ot his life is as follows : B. F. Brandenburg was born in La Fayette county, Missouri, October 27, 1842, the seventh son and ninth child of Absalom and Nancy (Barker) Brandenburg, natives of Kentucky. Grandfather Samuel Branden- burg was probably a native of Virginia, and his father, Solomon, was a native of Ger- many. Samuel Brandenburg moved to Ken- tucky, settled on a farm and reared four sons. One of these, Absalom, married a daughter of James Barker, a native of Ken- tucky and of English descent. In 1827, he emigrated to Missouri and located in La Fayette councy, where he improved a farm and resided twenty years. In 1847, with his wife and eight children, he started for Texas, his outfit consisting of four wagons — two drawn by horses and two by oxen — and a spring wagon, landing in Dallas county in the fall of that year. Of Calvin G. Cole he purchasad 257 acres, a part of which is now included in the city of Dallas, He improved that property and purchased other lands until he owned 277 acres, on which he was engaged in farming until his death, which occurred in 1872, at the age of eighty-one years. His first wife died in 1863 and he was subsequently married to Mrs. Patton, by whom he had one child. The subject of our sketch was five years old when he came to Texas. He was reared on his father's frontier farm and remained with him until the breaking out of the Civil war. He enlisted in February, 1862, in Company C, Sixth Texas Cavalry, followed the fortunes of the Army of the Tennessee and served until the close of the war. He then retui'ned to Dallas county and engaged in farming. He was married March 26, 1868, to Miss Sarah Josephine Merrifield, a native of Dallas county, Texas, and a daugh- ter of William and Catherine (Hickman) Merrifield. Her parents came from Kentucky to this place in 1849 and purchased 320 acres of wild land and resided here the rest of their days. They had eight children who grew to maturity and seven are still living. Mr. Merrifield died in November, 1880 and his wife in 1882. Aftei' the death of his father, Mr. Bran- denburg removed to the old homestead, re- sided there nine years, and in 1883 moved HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 459 to the Merrifield place. He lias a farm of 575 acres of improved land, all in a liigli state of cultivation. His chief products are wheat, oats and corn. Mr. and Mrs. Brandenburg are the parents of nine children: William Henry, Hurbert Walter, Charles Lee, Lilly Catherine, James Franklin, Jesse James, Oscar Merrion, Maud and Alma. Politically, Mr. Brandenburg is a Democrat. His brothers, James and Tlioma.-*, were killed in battle during the late war, the latter being in command of his company at the time he was killed. [EORGEW. SONNEFIELD,of thefirm of Sonnetield & Emmins, contractors and builders, Dallas, arrived here in the winter of 1885 and formed their partner- ship in 1887. Among the principal build- ings erected by tiiese gentlemen are the Leach- man, on Live Oak street, the Blakeney building on Camp street, the C. W. Guild building on Elm, street the patrol station on Commerce street, the Hinckley cornice fac- tory on South Harwood street, the Pabst beer and storage room, the Texas State Fair building and music hall, W. J. Lemp's stor- age and bottling house, Grant's and Drake's residences, and many other dwellings, etc., in Dallas and Oak Cliff, as the J. T. Dargan residence, Armstrong's two residences, etc. The firm employ on an average about tifteen men. Mr. Sonnefield was born in Clay county, Indiana, in 1860. the eldest son in a family of ten children of J. S. .and E. (Wagner) Son- nelield, natives of Indiana. His father has for a long time resided in Terre Haute, where he was for many years contractor and builder. Mr. Sonnetield was brought up in that city, learning his trade of his father, with whom he first formed a partnership for two years. He made his first visit to the South in 1879, going to New Mexico, where he worked at his trade. A year or so afterward he went to El I*aso, that State. Returning to Indiana, he was married, in Terre Hante, in 1884, to Anna Dodson, a native of that State and a daughter of Elijah and Jane Dodson. Mr. Dodson, a pioneer of Indiana, died in 1885, aged ninety-live years: his widow is still liv- ing. Mr. Sonnetield has one child, Eva by name. He has taken some interest in the political welfare of the country, by voting with the Democratic party. He began life for him- self a poor man, and he has also been pnblic- spirited and benevolent, and done his share toward building \ip his chosen city. Frater- nally, he belongs to Dallas lodge, No. 70, K. of P., and he is also a member of the Uni- formed Rank of that order, Lodge No. 18. He is also a member of the Builders' Ex- change. fOM CADE, one of the oldest voters in the First Ward, was born in London, England, in 1834. His parents were William and Mariah Cade, both natives of England, where they were reared, married and reared a family of fourteen children and are there buried. Tom was educated in his native country and was apprenticed to the carpenter trade, at which he worked for many years. He later was a contractor and did the carpenter work on the road from Bryant to Corsicana, Texas. He also built several of the finest residences in Dallas, at that time. His residence in Dallas dates from 1871, but he has done very little carpenter work since 1872. On coming to this city he settled in the %. 4(50 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. lirst ward and as far as is known is one of tlie oldest voters. He has never turned benedict, preferring the freedom of bachelor life. In re- ligion he is an Episcopalian and a represent- ative of the Established Church. He takes but little interest in politcs, but votes with the Democratic party. Mr. Cade is a pioneer of this city and has always been regarded as one of its most hon- ored and respected citizens. He has gained the respect of all his fellow citizens by his honesty and good work. I^OBEET H. LAWS.— This gentleman J^k is one of the rising young men of Dal- ^^ las, and is the proprietor of a new and nicely equipped board and sale stable. He is a native of Texas, and dates his birth at Dallas, July 27, 1860. He is the youngest of a family of three children born to George W. and Martini E. (Record) Laws. His father was born near Lewisburgh, Marshall county, Tennessee, October 20, 1829, and was reared in that State as a farmer and trader. Emigrating to Texas at an early day, he set- tled near the spot where Dallas now stands. Becoming dissatistied with the West, how- ever, he returned to the land of his birth in 1847, where he remained until October 5, 1854. At that time he was married to Miss Martha E. Record, a daughter of George W. andMahulda(Hedsperth) Record. Her father, a well-to-do farmer, moved to Texas in 1857, and was prominently identitied with the set- tlement and development of Dallas county. His death occurred in 18(39. Her mother was born in 1828, and died in 1855. Mr. Laws' father again took up his residence in the village of Dallas, and was closely con- nected with northern Texas and Dallas county in every step of her prosperity. He at one time embarked in a commercial enter- prise, and, in company with Captain McGov- ern, purchased a steamboat, the '• Sallie Haines," which he loaded with a carjro of cot- ton and other products for the lower river trade. Unfortunately, at a point below the city of Dallas, they struck a snag, the boat sank, and they lost their entire cargo. Mr. Laws was elected to the office of County Clerk, which position he tilled with entire satisfaction to his constituents for a term of two years. His death occurred Feb- ruary 8, 1881. He bore the enviable repu- tation of being his worst enemy, which is a eulogy that few can have pronounced over their graves. His virtues were always great enough to be always prominent. His faults were always small enough to be excused. The mother of our subject died April 25, 1861, and her untimely death was a source of much bereavement to her family and many friends. Deprived of a mother's loving care at a tender age, Robert H. Laws was early in life thrown upon his own resources, to a certain extent, although he was reared by kind friends. He began life as an office boy in a livery and sale stable, and in 1883 he en- gaged in business for himself. His first ven- ture was a livery, board, and sale stable, located at 308 and 310 Elui street, he being in partnership with T. O. Hargis. This part- nership lasted only two months, T. O. Har- gis retiring and Mr. Laws continuing at the same place for three years. He then dis- posed of his interests in this establishment, and became associated with Clark & Cable, at the same time being engaged in buying and selling stock of all kinds. He was made superintendent of the C. & C.'s large sale stable, and this position beheld for a number of years. Severing his connection with B. ^ r^. ^"^^^iM<^<::<^rrS> MJ^ J, <^>^eJ> HISTORY OF DALLAS OOUNTT. 461 E. Cable, lie opened up the business he is now successfully conducting. He is the only survivor of his family, and is noted for his generosity, hosjiitality, and hearing of the true Soutlierii gentleman. Ilis early educa- tion was obtained in the district schools of Dallas county. Later in life he attended the preparatory school at Culleoka, finishing his education at Swanay, Greene county, Tennes- see. He is a member of the Coeur de Lion Lodge, No. 8, K. of P. His political views are in harmony with the Democratic principles. C. WILLIAMS, a retired farmer, and one of the most widely known and highly respected citizens of Dallas county, has been associated with its best in- terests since December, 1845, making at that time his first appearance on its scene of action. He was born in Williamson county, Ten- nessee, on April 1, 1819, being the son of Jesse E. and Elizabeth Ann Smith (Greeg) Williams, both of whom were natives of Vir- ginia, and both of Welsh ancestry. His parents were married in the Old Dominion, shortly afterward moving to Williamson county, Tennessee, in which latter place our subject was born. Subsequently they re- moved to Bedford county, the same State, when our subject was quite small, and it was there that he was reared. His parents had six children, all reaching adult years, three being still alive. Our subject w^s the only son and the oldest child. After his father's death, and when he was about twelve years of age, his mother married Colonel William Burnett, our subject remaining a member of his stepfather's family until he was grown. Ilis youth was spent on a farm, and he re- ceived his education in Dixon Academy, at Shelbyville, Tennessee. On June 24, 1841, he was married to Miss Sarah M. Hughes, who was born in North Carolina on March 24, 1819, a daughter of William and Elsie Hughes. Her parents moved from North Carolina to Tennessee when she was quite young, where she was reared, receiving her education at Columbia Ft male College, Maury county, of the same State. After his marriage Mr. Williams settled on a farm in I'edford county, Tennes- see, where he remained until he came to Texas, making the journey overland with horse teams. On arriving in Dallas county he first located on a headright in Beters' colony, where he resided until 1855, thence removing to Cedar Springs. At this latter place he purchased land and followed farming for over thirty years, remaining there until 1887. Mr. Williams taught the first school in Dallas county for one term, and his wife has the distinction of having been the first female teacher in the same county. He and his wife were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. His wife died on January 20, 1869, leaving to him the care of six children. They had had ten children: George E., born April 5, 1842, died Novem- ber 1, 1857; Archolaus Madison, born May 10, 1844, died December 25, 1848; William Hughes, born September 3, 1846, died Octo- ber 15, 1848; Alice Ann Elizabeth, born January 3, 1849, is the wife of Captain J. S. Dowell, of McKinuey, Te.xas; Thomas JeflFer^ son, born January 2, 1851, died September 28, 1887; Sarrenar Margaret Oleria, boru September 17, 1853, died September 10, 1854; Mary Jane, born June 20, 1855, is the wife of J. S. Hughes, of Dallas county, Texas; Ben Hester, born May 18, 1857, is now a resident of Kaufman county, Texas; 462 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY Buck Holmes, born August 31, 1859, died August 1, 1860; and Jesse B., l)orn Decem- ber 14, 1862, lives in Kaufman county, Texas. Politically Mr. Williams affiliates with the Democratic party. During the war he served eight months in Colonel Nat. M. Burtbrd's regiment, being discharged on account of ill health. -He was twice elected to the position of Assessor and Tax Collector of Dallas county, to which office he was appointed during the war by the Comptroller of State. When he was elected to that office the county was in debt, and county scrip was worth only 50 cents on the dollar, but during the four years he served as Collector the county liqui- dated all debts and built a ^4,000 courthouse, besides having a surplus in the treasury. This of itself is sufficient encomium upon the fidelity and integrity of the subject of our sketch, had he never done anything else worthy of esteem. Mr. Williams also took the first scholastic census of his county, which was ably done. His unswerving fidelity and unfaltering integrity are matters of comment in this day of uncertainty, while his uniformly cordial and courteous manner have only served to adorn his more rugged qualities and endear him to the community at large, and enlist for him the affectionate regard of his family and a host of personal friends. It would seem that he had earned all happiness and that misfortune and deatli would lay their hand gently on him; but such is the mutability of human affairs that the great and good suffer alike with the ignoble and poor. The subject of this sketch, Thomas C. Williams, is the only survivor of the seven brothers-in-law who married sisters, daugh- ters of William and Alcy Hughes, in Ten- nessee, and who emigrated to Dallas county, Texas, in an early day in the order in which they are named, to wit: William M. Coch- ran, Isaac B. Wel)b, Thomas C. Williams, O. W. Knight, John B. Bachman, George W. Record and Levi R. Dennis, — all of whom were prominent members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, two of whom were ministers of the gospel, to wit: John B. Bachman and Levi R. Dennis. All of the above named were leading citizens of Dallas county in their day, none of them ever having been arraigned in the courts or charged witli any dishonorable act. In fact, the characters of all seven were above reproach and worthy of emulation. On September 28, 1887, Mr. Williams had the misfortune to lose his son, Thomas J., aged thirty-seven years, who died at Eureka Springs, Arkansas. He was a young man of great promise and much beloved, as is shown by the resolutions of respect, and an article "In Memoriam," which we subjoin: EESOLUTIONS OF RESPECT. To the Worship/id Master, Wardens and Brethren of Wichita Lodge, No. 635, A. F. &A. M.: We, your committee, appointed to draft resolutions relative to the deatii of our esteemed brother, Thomas J. Williams, re- spectfully submit the following: Whereas, It has pleased the Great Archi- tect of the universe to take from our midst our beloved brother, Thomas J. Williams, and to transplant his spirit to that house not made with hands, eternal in the skies; and as we desire to give expression to the confidence and love with which we cherish his memory; therefore be it resolved, First, That in the death of Thomas J. Williams the community has lost one of its most trusted and useful citizens, society one of its purest and best members. Masonry one of its most faithful supporters, who by his daily walk and conversation constantly HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 46iS illustrated the truth and beauty of its sub- lime tenets; and his family lost a tender, devoted and noble husband, father and pro- tector. Second, That while our hearts are filled with grief at the loss of our brother, yet we recognize in this affliction the hand of our Supreme Grand Master, who doetli ail tilings well, and we bow with humble submission to his will, trusting and believing that our loss is our brother's jjain. Tliird, That we offer our sincere sympathy to the family of our deceased brother in this their great bereavement, and assure them that their sorrow is our sorrow, that we mourn and mingle our tears with theirs. Fmuth, Tliat tliese resolutions be spread upon the minutes of the lodf^e, and that a copy of them be sent to the family of our de- ceased brother, and to the Wichita Herald for publication. W. E. J^rotuebs, C. E. Reid, W. A. MoCuTCHEN, Committee. IN MEMORIAM. Died, at Eureka Springs, Arkansas, Sep- teml)er 28, 1887, Thomas J. Williams, aged thirty-seven years. The deceased was born in Dallas county, Texas, January 26, 1850; was one of the earliest settlers in Wichita county, and at the time of his' death one of her best known and most highly respected citizens. He was elected a member of the first Commissioners' Court when the county was organized, was reelected and served two years, declining running again in 1884, but was elected a member of the present court in 1886, and served until last July, when he re- signed on account of his health. To those who knew him it is unnecessary to speak any words of praise in behalf of his memory, for his genial, kindly nature, his fidelity and unswerving honesty in every position of life, both public ami private, secured for him the love and esteem of all who knew him, and the entire community united, during hie last illness, in their efforts to allay his sufferings, and to testify their appreciation of and respect for him. Mr. Williams died at Eureka Springs, Arkansas, where he had gone with the hope that his health might be restored, but Providence has decreed otherwise. His remains were brought to Wichita Falls, and interred on October 2, in the presence of his family and friends, and the number in attendance at his funeral was only another evidence of the high esteem in which he was held by the entire community. He became a member of the Methodist Epis- copal Church about two years ago, and the members of his family, his relatives and friends, sorrow not as those who have no hope; they are consoled by the promises made by the ascended Savior to those who trust in ilim. W. ENJAMIN S. WATIIE?^.— As a civil engineer of rare skill and much experi- ence, this gentleman lias rendered valued services throughout the South, and is well and favorably known here. There is probably not another man in the State who has a better knowledge of the topography of Texas than he. Mr. Wathen was born in Marion county, Kentucky, and in that county received an aca- demical education. In 1862 he joined the Eighth Kentucky Cavalry, and served during the war, much of the time under that matchless leader, General J. II. Morgan. He took part in that historic campaign that is the romance of the war — Morgan's Raid. He enlisted as a private and served with Morgan, excejit while he was imprisoned. He was with the general in the Indianapolis and Ohio raid and was captured at Salineville, Ohio. Was imprisoned for a time and was in Virginia when the war closed. At the close of the war he turned his at- tention to civil engineering, and until 1869 was on the Louisville & Nashville railroad in Kentucky. He then came to Texas in 464 EISTOUT OF DALLAS COUNT T. 1869, and as a builder of railroads began a career that is not equaled by any man's in the South. The International & Great Northern, Missouri, Kansas & Texas, Texas & Pacific, and Cotton Belt and several others are some of the great roads that he has helped to construct. He also helped to build some of tlie lirst railroads in Mexico, viz., the Mexican, Oriental, Interocean and the International. Ever since 1874 he has been chief engineer of some important branch of railroad building. At this writing he is president engineer of the Texas & Pacific. He has had an office in Dallas the past six years, though his home is in Hender son, Texas. Personally, Mr. Wathen is a quiet and unas- suming gentleman, having the confidence and respect of all classes of people. fOIlN H. COLE, a retired farmer of Dal- las county, was born in Robertson county, Tennessee, in January, 1827, the fifth of ten children born to John and Mary (McDon- ald) Cole, natives of Virginia. The father moved to Tennessee in an early day, where he was a farmer and physician. He was one of the early practitioners of Dallas county, and in 1829 went to Arkansas, settling in Washington county, where he improved a farm, and in 1843 again came to Dallas county. He took up a claim of 640 acres, which now joins the city of Dallas. He took an active interest in politics, and also in the early history of the county, being the first Probate Judge of Dallas county. His death occurred in the spring of 1851, and the mother survived him many years, dying about 1865. John H., our subject was reared to farm life and educated in the district schools of Washington county, Arkansas, also at Fay- etteville, Arkansas. He came to this county at the age of seventeen years, and took up a claim, which he afterward sold. He then followed surveying for many years, being the first County Surveyor of this county, and prior to that was Deputy Surveyor. In 1858 he moved to his present farm, where he erect- ed a fine brick residence, and the whole place is now under a fine state of cultivation. Alto- gether he has u\ the county 5,000 acres, — 400 acres at his residence. In 1862 he enlisted in Captain William McKaney's regiment, in the State service, and later received a position in the supply department, where he remained until the close of the war. Mr. Cole has taken an active interest in politics, and was the first Notary Public and County Surveyor of Dallas. Socially he is a member of Tantie- hill Lodge, A. F. & A. M.; and religiously, both he and his wife are members of the Christian Chnrch. He was married in Dallas county, in 1856, to Elizabeth Preston, a native of Tennessee and granddaughter of Captain George Preston, an early pioneer of Tennessee and a soldier in the Creek war. She is a daughter of George and Anna (Rody) Preston, natives of Tennessee. Mr. and Mrs. Cole have had seven children: George C, of Dallas; John D., Anna, Cora, at home; Margaret, wife of W. R. Myers, of Dallas; Walter and Hester. -^^LnJt/lr- ^^ ■'Vinn^^ P^ENRY BURGOON, was one among the oldest settlers of Grapevine Prairie, Dal- las county, was born in Sandusky county, Ohio, a son of Charles Burgeon, a native of Baltimore, Maryland, and success- ively a citizen of Ohio, Iowa and Texas. HiaTORT OF DALLAS COUNT F. 465 After contribiitins liis share toward the set- tlement of the coininunities in wliicli he re- feided, lie died, in Tarrant connty, tliis State, wliere he located in 1853, passing away a few years ago, at the age of seventy-eight years. Onr subject's mother, nee Ann Maria Geiger, was also a native of Baltimore, Maryland. Mr. and Mrs. Burgoon were married in their native place, and started West soon after this event, and the mother died at onr subject's home in March, 1889, at the age of seventy-six years. They were the parents of twelve children, namely: Francis, Julia Ann, Eli, Joseph A., George, Caroline, Maria, Elizabeth, Margaret, Pris- cilla and Henry. The latter was born June 17, 1834, and was reared mainly in Scott and Linn conn- ties, Iowa. He was one among the first set- tlers of Grapevine Prairie, Dallas county, having settled on the farm where he now lives, in 1853. He located a headright of 320 acres, but being anxious to secure new set- tlers for the community he sold oft' 120 acres of this land, and now has 100 acres of his remaining land under cultivation, the re- mainder being in pasture and hay. He has comfortable buildings, beautiful hedges and good orchards. When he settled where he now lives his nearest neighbors were from two to four miles distant, and the country was an opon prairie. In October, 1883, Mr. Burgoon erei^ted a store building on his premises, near his residence, and began a mercantile l)U6ine8s, which he has since fol- lowed in connection with his farming. At the same time he secured the removal of the post office from Estelle to this place in Dallas county, Texas. in September, 1801, he married Miss Mary V. Boals, a native of Christian connty, Missouri, and a daughter of John T. Boals. The parents came to Texas in 1859, settling in Tarrant county, where they now reside. Mr. and Mrs. Burgoon have had ten chil- dren, as follows: Edward M. ; Ettie M. now the wife of W. J. Crawford; Henry T.; Mary Idelia, wife of Thomas P. Goodfellow; Oscar L., Charles E., Anna F., Jesse E., Rosser I. and Homer T. All of the children are still living, and most of them are now grown, and those who have settled in life reside near the old homestead, either in Dal- las or Tarrant counties. Mr. Burgoon is a plain, unpretentious citizen, a man of more than ordinary intelligence, of a kindly dis- position, and is esteemed by his neighbors. Fg||. K. KNIGHT, architect, contractor and builder, Dallas, was born in Polk county, Texas, in 1853, the third-born of the four children of W. J. and Marietta (Rossell) Knight. His father, born in Nashville, Tennessee, came to Texas in 1835, settling first in Polk county, where he engageleHsoe, daughter of A. Bledsoe, who for se vend' years was Comp- troller of the State of Texas. Mrs. Rawlins was a school teacher, and taught the first school in the neighborhood, her husband being one of her pupils. In 1855, Mr. Raw- Tjins moved to his present home, where he has since resided with the exception of four years when he lived on his place near Hntchins. In September 1861, he enlisted in the Sixth Texas Cavalry, Company F, under Captain R. S. Guy, and went out as Orderly Sergeant. At the reorganization of the arinv in 1862, he was elected Captain, and held that posi- tion until the close of the war. At the time of Lee's surrender, he was at home on a fur- lough, but had gotten as far as Marshall, Texas, on his way to rejoin the army, when he heard the news of the surrender. He was in a number of the principal engagements, was dismounted and sent to Corinth, served in the Infantry, for six months, and was then remounted. He was with Price in his sec- ond unsuccessful attempt to capture Corinth, and was afterward with Van Dorn in the taking of Holly Springs. He was shot through the hip at the battle of Thompson Station. To Mr. and Mrs. Rawlins were born three cliildren, one son and two daughters: A. Bledsoe, born February 8,1855, was mar- ried in 1876 to Miss Virginia Fisher, a na- tive of Dallas county, Texas, and resides on a farm near Hntchins; Addie Blanche, born May 25, 1859, resides at home and is a teacher in the public schools of Lancaster; and Bettie Alexander, born November 3, 1861, is now the wife of Dr. C. A. Shultz, of Alvarado, Johnson county, Texas. Mrs. Raw- lins was killed in 1890, being thrown from a buggy. Mr. Rawlins is identified with the Christian Church, and in politics is a Demo- crat. ^. ^ LDER JOHN M. MYERS was born in Grayson county, Kentucky, in 1823. He moved with his parents to Indiana at about the age of five years. Two years later they moved from that State to Illinois and settled in what was then Greene county. When it was divided, the part they were in was called Jersey county. There he grew to manhood, and in January, 1842, married his first wife. He remained there until 1845, when, in company with his father's family, he came to Texas. They had but little means and all was to gain and nothing to lose. In February, 1846, they settled in Dallas county. He located land under the Peters Colony, es- tablished a headright, improved a farm, and lived on it until 1857, when he sold out. About 1851, however, he had sold half of his headright. After selling out in 1867 he moved to Tarrant county and bought land, but soon became dissatisfied and sold again. Returning to Dallas county he bought a farm adjoining his old home, and here he has since remained. He has 225 acres, all under fence, and also owns land at other places. He has always been identified with farming interests and has devoted his life to fanning and preaching. To him belongs the distinction of HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 479 having helped to organize the tirst church in Dallas county, the Union Baptist Church, located near the present village of Carrol Iton. In 1849 Mr. Myers was ordained to preach by the aaine church, being the first Baptist minister ordained in Dallas county. His inarriai^o in Illinois has already been referred to. lie was twenty years of age at that time and the lady he wedded was Miss Kizzie Wylie. Their union resulted in the birth of ten children anil forty grandchildren. All of their children grew to maturity except one, and the nine are yet living, viz.: Eliza- beth, born March 1, 1845; Mary and Martha (twins), born August 15, 1847; John S.,. July 28, 1849; Delila, May 19, 1852, died at the age of one year; Latitia, April 1, 1854; George F., December 11, 1855; Lewis C, December 5, 1857; Stephen A. D., April 24, 1859; and Nancy, May 29, 1861. His first wife died November 20, 1884. He was sub- sequently married to Mrs. M. E. Ricou, daughter of John Taylor. Her father was a native of Virginia, was a mechanic by trade, and died in Maryland, in 1850, when she was about eight years old. After his death she moved with her mother to Tennessee, where she grew up and was married to Mr. Charles Ricou. In 1877 they emigrated to Texas and located at Denton, siie coming to this State with her stepfather, Mr. James Daley. Mr. Ricou served in the Confederate army, was taken prisoner and carried to Chicago, and after being exchanged was sent to Port Hudson, Louisiana, and there died. In Denton Mr. Myers met and married Mrs. Ricou. By her first husband she had two children: one died in Tennessee, and the other, a son, Charles, is now living at Den- nison, Texas. Mrs. Myers is a devoted Christian and a lady of much refinement. Mr. Myers' father, Elder David Myers, was born in Montgomery county, Kentucky, October 15, 1797. At the age of twenty- five lie married Miss Lutitia Reddish, who bore him fourteen children, eleven of whom lived to be grown. Soon after his marriage he professed faith in Clirist, joined the church and was immersed by Elder Hugh Cole. His loving and devoted wife soon followed him, and thus they laid the foundation of a life that was devoted to the Christian faith. About 1829 he moved to Indiana, and two years later to Illinois. At the latter place he was tirst licensed to preach. He afterward changed his church membership, when, in 1841, he was regularly ordained to the sacred office of the ministry by Elders 11. H. Witt and John Brown. In 1845 he emigrated to Texas and settled in Dallas county, where he remained till his death. He was the first Baptist preacher in Dallas. His first sermon here was a funeral dis- course and was delivered in June, 1846. On the 10th of May, 1846, he organized Union Chnrch, and soon afterward, Rowlctt's Creek, Bethel, Liberty and perhaps others. His last sermon was preached at Bethel Church, -Collin county, from Galatians 5: 13. On the 9th of March, 1853, at the age of fifty-six, his redeemed spirit winged its flight to the blessed regions of eternal day. As a Texan pioneer preacher he suf- fered many privations and hardships. During his entire ministry it is believed he never re- ceived more than S500 for his services. His father and mother were Germans by birth and education. All their children, however, were educated in English. David Myers was the youngest of eight sons; was a little below the average height, and was a man of pleasing address. The subject of our sketch, while working on his farm for the support of his family, 480 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTT. preached in Dallas, Denton, Kaufman and Tarrant counties, and, lilce his honored father, is an earnest worker in the cause of his Mas- ter. He has been instrumental in locatino- a nember of churches in Texas, and has been a pastor and missionary for more than thirty years. He, too, has endured many of the hardships incident to pioneer life. While improving his first farm he went to the tim- ber and made his 100 rails per day, on corn bread and plantain greens boiled in Elm creek water, with no seasoning except a little salt. He had no taste for hunting, and does not remember to have tired a gun since living in the State. Politically, he is a Democrat. His politics like his religion has been handed down from his ancestors. A more sincere gen- tleman in both is not to be found in Texas. He is now 68 years old, hale and hearty, and preaches often; is the only member of Union Church living who went into the or- ganization forty-six years ago. May 10, 1846. lEOKGE. H.HODGES was born in Ken- tucky in 1830. His parents^ Leonard Y. and Mary A. (HoUoway) Hodges, Datives of Virginia, went to Kentucky while both ifieve small. His father's people were of English descent. Grandfather Daniel Hodges was born in Virginia, and at an early day went to Kentucky, first settling in Fay- ette county, near Bryan Station, and after- ward near Frankfort. He died at the latter place, having attained a ripe old age. He was by trade a brick contractor and builder. His wife, nee Jane Young, was a sister of Major James Young, of Shelby county, Ken- tucky, the Youngs being a noted family in that State. Mary A. Hodges, the mother of peorge H., was a relative of the celebrated Blackburn family of Kentucky, her mother's maiden name having been Blackburn. Grand- father George Holloway served as a Minute- man in the Revolutionary war. George H Hodges is the oldest member of his father's family. The names of the others are as follows: Daniel, of Louisville, Ken- tucky; Mary J., deceased; Bettie, wife of B. W. Durrett, of Louisville; Henry C, Healds- burg, California; Laura V., wife of James Hughes of Frankfort, Kentucky; Mildred O., wife of Eb. Gains, died leaving a family in Kentucky; and James W., of Lexington, Kentucky. Leonard Y. Hedges was a gradu- ate of Transylvania Medical School, of Lex- ington, Kentucky, and was a prominent pliy- sician in that State. He was born in 1806 and died in 1872. His wife, born in 1807, died in 1886. Both were members of the Baptist Church. George H. Hodges was educated in the common schools of Kentucky, and at the age of nineteen started out in life for himself. He made the overland trip to California in 1849, and, after an unsuccessful experience in prospecting and mining, returned home via New Orleans. After his return he was en- gaged in farming one year. The following three years he served as Deputy Sheriff, and in his twenty-fifth year turned his attention to the mercantile business at North Benson, at the same time being railway agent on the L. & C. Railroad. That place is now called Hatton. He was also agent at Campbells- burg. In 1875 he came to Texas and lo- cated at Will's Point, where he was i-ailway agent on the T. & P. Railroad, occupying that position five years. In the meantime he was interested in farming operations. In 1878 he purchased the farm on which he now resides. It consists of 240 acres, at the time of purchase 150 acres being fairly well im- HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. 481 proved. Mr. Hodges has fenced all the farm and new has 180 acres nnder a high state of cultivation, and of this forty acres are devoted to fruits of all kinds. He has 7,000 peach trees of different varieties; 1,000 plums, fifty apricots and fifty nectarines, and all are of the best assortments. A minute descrip- tion of this excellent fruit farm would require more space than can be given it on these pages. Mr. Hodges is also interested in rais- ing horses and mules. He has been twice married. He first wedded Corrilla Macey, daughter of Gustavus S. and Fannie (Noel) Macey, natives of Vir- ginia. Mrs. Macey was a sister of the dis- tinguished minister, Rev. Silas M. Noel, of Frankfort, Kentucky. By his first wife Mr. Hodges had five children, viz.: Mollie B., wife of Dr. L. T. Bohannon, of Scyene, Texas ; Henry L., who is engaged in the fruit busi- ness in Jacksonville, Texas, and also mana- ger of a fruit-canning establishment at that place; Gus. M., who was killed at Encinal, Texas, in 1885, by a Mexican; Leonard Y., deceased; Colie D., who married William C. Nicholas, resides at San Luis Potosi. Mrs. Hodges departed this life in 1887, aged fifty- five years and five months. She was a mem- ber of the Christian Church. In 1889 Mr. Hodges married Miss Margaret Holloway, daughter of G. B. Holloway, of Woodford county, Kentucky. Both Mr. Hodges and his wife are members of the Christian Church. fILLIAM A. JONES, engaged in the real-estate business in Dallas, was born in Danville, Pittsylvania coun- ty, Virginia, in 1840, the youngest of four children born to Allen and Martha W. (Bur- ton) Jones, the former a native of Virginia, and the latter of Caswell county. North Carolina. The father died in his native State in 1841, and the mother survived him until 1857, dying at Martinsville, Henry county, Virginia. The subject of this sketch was reared and educated in his native State, and at the age of nineteen years he left home, going to Galveston, Texas, but on account of the yel- low fever he removed further north, to Cypress City. On account of the same dis- ease he remained there only one day, and then went to Montgomery, where he secured a position as clerk. Six months later Mr. Jones moved to Long Point, Texas, thence to Caddo Springs, where he had charge of a store. In 1861 he enlisted in Company C, Fourth Texas Infantry, and was in the battles of Fredericksburg, Antietam, Gettysburg and Chickamauga, and in all the engagements before Richmond and others in which his command fought. He held the otfice of Regimental Commissary Sergeant, but after the battle of Chickamauga he was placed on detached duty, in the Quartermaster's De- partment at Danville, Virginia, on account of ill health. After the close of the war Mr. Jones remained in Danville about six months, went thence to Memphis, Tennessee, a short time afterward to Montgomery, Alabama, in 1868 to Galveston, where he engaged in the tobacco business, and thence, in 1871, to Dallas. He now owns considerable property on North Akard street, also property in North Dallas and Alabama. Mr. Jones was married in Galveston, Texas, in 1870, to Marie Antoinette Talley, a native of Alabama, and a daughter of Will- iam J. and Mary R. (Smith) Talley, na- tives of South Carolina. The father died in Loachapoka, Alabama, August 22, 1890, and the mother passed away many years before. 482 HISTOHY OF DALLAS COUNTY. Mr. and Mrs. Jones have had two children: Eugenia, born September 1, 1871, died August 26, 1890, at Loachapoka; Algernon 1., born August 25, 1873, is at home. Politically, Mr. Jones is a Democrat; so- cially, a member of the Masonic order and the I. O. O. F., and religiously, his wife is a member of the Presbyterian Church. jLAYTON MILLER WHEAT, a retired merchant of Dallas City, Texas, was born in the Pennyroyal region of Kentucky', in 1829, and was a son of Milton P, Wheat, a native of Virginia. The father emigrated to Kentucky at an early day, and later on settled, in Adair county, where Clay- ton M. passed his youth. He received only an ordinary education, but he made the most of his limited opportunities, and by close application fitted himself for mercantile life. The first business in which he engaged was that of merchandising in Kentucky, but he was afterward obliged to disjjose of his inter ests there and removed to St. Paul, Min- nesota, on account of ill health. He era- barked in the same business there, and after a long and successful career came to Dallas, in 1873. He established himself in the same line. At the end of live years he retired from active pursuits, and is living in com- parative retirement. Mr. Wheat was married in 1850, to Miss Elizabeth E. Wheat, of Kentucky, and to them have been born seven children, six of whom are living, all residents of Texas; there are four sons and two daughters. Soon after coming to Dallas county Mr. Wheat purchased a small tract of land which was then far beyond the center of population, and he still retains the old homestead. As his children have grown to maturity and married, he has given them a home in sight of the paternal roof. He has been a member of the Christian Church since 1848, and no man has more nearly squared his life by the precepts of the New Testament. In his political, social and business relations he has employed the same high rules of conduct. He has always possessed the courage to carry out his convictions upon all subjects, and has won the lasting confidence of the en- tire community. AMUEL A. ALLEN, of the hardware firm of Allen & Halsell, and also a member of the firm of Halsell & Allen, lumber merchants, was born in Kentucky, August 9, 1859, the second child of John M. and Bettie (Shannon) Allen, natives of Kentucky. The father was a farmer and stock-raiser by occupation. He came to Texas in 1859, settling two miles west of where Richardson now stands, in the north- west corner of the county, on the Huffhines farm, which was the only settled place in that section of the county. He rented this place three years, and then bought 257 acres of land eight and a half miles northeast of this place, and moved his family into a small house on the farm, of which only twenty acres were under cultivation. Mr. Allen then joined Captain Stratton's company of cav- alry, of the Confederate army, and served west of the Mississippi river. He served in a number of battles and skirmishes, and at the close of the war he had nearly lost his eyesight from exposure, never having been able to see well until his death, which occur- red in June, 1871. After the war he im- mediately commenced to improve his farm HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 483 and fortune, and again entered the arena of life as a farmer, supplementing it with trad- ing in and the rearing of live-stocii, in which he was quite successful. He added to his original purchase one mile west of where Richardson now stands, buying one and a half sections of fine land, for which he paid $1.50 per acre, but a short time after- ward sold one half of tins purchase for a slight advance in price. The remainder of this land he uses as a pasture for his stock, and has also 150 acres under a fine state of cultivation, also a handsome country resi dence, and all the necessary outbuildings for stock, etc. In 1870 he took his family to Kentucky on a visit, making the trip in a wagon drawn by horses, and returned to this county toward the latter part of the same year. He died in June, 1871, when com- paratively a young man. Mr. and Mrs. Allen were the parents of seven children, viz.: Finis E., a farmer of Precinct No. 3; Samuel A., our subject; Sallie, wife of E. A. Skiles, of Piano; James A., a farmer of Pre- cinct No. 2; Kattie and John M. One child died in infancy. Mr. Allen was a mem- ber of the A. F. & A. M., and also of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. Mrs. Allen resides near Richardson with her youngest son and daughter, and is now in her lifty-seventli year. She is also a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. Samuel A. Allen, the subject of this sketch, received his education in the common schools of this county, and at the age of tiyenty years commenced life for himself. The first year he put in a cotton crop on a portion of his father's old homestead, and later bought another small farm, on which he farmed until 1886, when he came to Garland. Mr. Allen has one of the handsomest residences in the village, and is also the owner of the lumber yard. He has served the village of his adoption as Alderman, which office he still holds. He is doing a fine business in both his hardware and lumber interest, doing a lumber business of some $50,000, and his hardware is also in a prosperous condition. ' September 4, 1881, he was married to Miss Eachel Halsell. (See sketch of E. M. Hal- sell.) Both Mr. and Mrs. Allen are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, and the former is a member of the I. O. O. F., Duck Creek Lodge, No. 440, and also of the K. of H., of this place. T. S T R A N G E, attorney at law North Texas bank building, Dallas, ® Texas, was born in Charlottesville, Albemarle county, Virginia, September 6, 1860. When a boy, Mr. Strange served as page in the State Senate of V^irginia, receiving his first appointment from Hon. John L. Mayre, the Lieutenant Governor and President of the Senate. His subsequent appointment was by Hon. R. E. Withers, Lieutenant Governor, and later a United States Senator, of the State. While serving his second term as page, the State of Virginia chartered a lottery com- pany, making a condition in said charter, that said company shouhl provide free board and tuition for a certain number of students, sons of Confederate officers who were killed in the Confederate service. The appointment was to be made by the Board of Directors of William and Mary College. Young Strange resigned his appointment to enter the college, being selected by the authorized board. In this institution he passed his academic studies, 484 BISTORT OP DALLAS COUNTY. and graduated in the class of 1875, with credit to himself and the college. Alter leaving college he was at different springs and watering places in Virginia, re- cruiting his health, which had become im- paired. During this time he had special instruction from a graduate of the Univer- sity of Virginia, in the languages, Latin and Greek. The next year he matriculated as a student in the Richmond Law College, under tlie tuition of " Curry & Davis," and com- pleted his law course in 1877. In 1878 he entered the University of Virginia, and grad- uated at that institution in 1880. That same fall he came to Dallas, where he liad two brothers: H. B., cashier of the Fourth National Bank until recently, and John B. Strange, Jr. Our subject was taken into the law office of Crawford & Crawford, and, while not a partner, was associated with them three years. In 1884, he, with tliree others, ran for County Judge, and was beaten by a few votes only. He ran for City Attor- ney in 1886, and thirty-eight votes marked the difference between him and the successful candidate. Since that he has devoted his energies to the practice of his profession, and has been very successful. He is well known in Dallas as a lawyer of marked ability as well as a speaker of power and eloquence. His course as a member of the Dallas Bar for the past few years has gained for him a deserved reputation for industry, integrity and strict devotion to his professional work. A gentleman noted for his social qualities and inherent force of character, he is popular with all classes, and especially adapted for a leader among his fellows. Mr. Strange comes of a distinguished an- cestry. His fatlier. General John Bowie Strange, son of Colonel Gideon A. and Har- riet J. Strange, was born in Fluvanna county. Virginia, in 1823. Colonel Gideon A. Strange served as Captain in the war of 1812. He also represented his county for a number of years in the Virginia Legislature. On the 11th of November, 1839, John B. Strange was sent to the Virginia Military Institute. In the first graduating class of that school, 1842, he received his diploma as third distinguished graduate. In addition to this high standing in liis studies, he liad at- tained distinction in the military department, being the first adjutant in the corps of cadets. After graduation, Mr. Strange was for some years a professor of mathematics in the Norfolk Academy. Eventually becoming the principal of that school, he gained for it great reputation, placing it at the head of academies and high schools in the State. Be- tween 1854 and 1856, Professor Strange founded the Albemarle Military Institute, whicli he conducted with great success until the beginning of hostilities in 1861. Having been in 1859 appointed Brigade Inspector of the Third Brigade, Second Divi- sion Virginia Militia, composed of the regi- ments in the counties of Amherst, Nelson, Albemarle, Fluvanna, Louisa and Goochland, he was prepared to take up arms at the mo- ment Virginia assumed a hostile attitude. Appointed Lieutenant-Colonel of the Nine- teenth Virginia Infantry in April, 1861, immediately after the ordinance of secession, and soon afterward promoted to Colonel, he was stationed witli it at Culpeper Courthouse, and ^as occupied in drilling and preparing this regiment for service until ordered on to Manassas, just before the memorable battle of July 21, 1861. In tliis battle Colonel Strange fougiit gallantly, having already, in the words of the commanding general, Beau- regard, " gained the reputation of being l)rave, intelligent, and faithful in the dis- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 485 charee of his duties." Stationed at Centre- villa, Fairfax Courthouse, and Munson's Hill, until the army fell back to the Peninsula, Colonel Strange was engaged in many skir- mishes, but received no hurt. At Williams- burg his regiment captured the Excelsior Battery, belonging to General Sickles' brig- ade. In all the battles around Richmond, extending from Seven Pines to Malvern Hill, C'Olonel Strange fought with distinguished gallantry. At the second battle of Manas- sas he commanded his brigade; passing over into Maryland then, he was for some time at Frederick City, Maryland, thence onward with the army to Hagerstown; and at South Mountain, September 14, 1862, he fell mor- tally wounded, having previously in the same battle received wounds in his right foot and side, which had disabled him from keeping his feet, and which did not prevent him from cheering on the noble troops of his command. Calling to them to advance, the fatal ball passed through his heart, closing instantly his career of usefulness and dauntless brav- ery, in the thirty-fourth year of his age, hav- ing passed unhurt through thirty-two pitched battles, besides numerous skirmishes. His body fell into the hands of the enemy, and its resting place was unknown to any of the family until several years after, when, through a lady who had cared for the grave, its lo- cality was made known, and the body was moved by the Masons of ISorfolk, Colonel Strange having been one of that order, to the cemetery at Charlottesville. Virginia. All who knew Colonel Strange speak of him in the highest terms. Colonel Edmund Pendle- ton, of Botetourt county, Virginia, in clos- ing his eulogy on the death of General John B. Strange, says: " It is gratifying to me to know of this friend and companion of my youth that when our State called for her defenders he was among the first to obey the summons, and that, though he fell, he fell at the post of duty and sleeps in the honored grave of the sol- dier who died in defending the liberties of his country." General Strange had tlie degree of A. M. conferred on him by William and Mary Col- lege. He was married in December, 1849, to Miss Agnes Gaines, daughter of Judge H. B. and Agnes (Gwathney) Gaines, the former of Petersburg, and the latter of King Will- iam couuty, Virginia. Mrs. Strange was a graduate of several colleges of Petersburg. She was a woman of rare literary attainments and social standing, having been one of the reigning belles of the " Old Dominion " for several years prior to the war. A short and interesting sketch of her life was written by Mr. Campbell in his History of Virginia. She was related to many of the largest and most influential families in Virginia. A life- long and consistent member of the Presby- terian Church, she died in that faith, Decem- ber 26, 1887, aged fifty-seven years. fGSEPII S. DUNCAN, a successful farmer of Dallas county, is a son of John R. and Elizabeth (Wilson) Dun- can. The father, who was born in Anson county. North Carolina, in 1806, moved to Mississippi in 1848, settling in De Soto county, where he lived until his death, in 1863. He was a wealthy planter before the war, but lost everything during that great struggle. He had three sons in the Confederate army, one of whom, Thomas C, was wounded at Denmark, Tennessee, and the father hear- ing of it started on liorseback in the hot 486 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. weather to see him, but the exposures of the journey proved fatal to him. Our sub- ject's inotlier was born in Anson county, North Carolina, in 1813, was married in that county, and accompanied her husband to De Soto county, Mississippi, and shared his fortunes until 1863, when she too passed away, her death beinjx hastened by the death of her husband under such distressing circum- stances. Mr. and Mrs. Duncan had the fol- lowing children: Thomas C, who is engaged in the mercantile business at Cockrum, Mississippi; Elizabeth J., who died in De Soto county; Andrew H., who died in the Confederate service in 1863, from the effects of becoming overheated while carrying his brother, Thomas C, off the battlefield; Annie E., deceased in De Soto county, was the wife of Frank Cummings; Lydia A., a resident of De Soto county; John T., a resident of West Dallas, and a sketch of whom will be found in this work; Joseph S., our subject; Robert F., of Dallas county; William Benjamin, of De Soto county; and Mickie, the widow of William Cockrum, of Cockrum, Mississippi. Of these children, three, Thomas C, Andrew H. and John T., served in the Confederate army, and the second, Andrew H., died in the service. The subject of this sketch was born in Anson county. North Carolina, September 25, 1847, but was reared in De Soto county, Mississippi, where his parents had removed when he was small. He came to Texas in 1867, and in 1870 to Dallas county, where he bought a farm of 320 acres in the north- west part of the county, on Grapevine prairie and Cottonwood creek. Only thirty acres of this place was broken, but he now has 135 acres under a tine state of cultiva- tion, and the remainer of Dix Post, G. A. R., of which he has been Commander. He at- tended the grand Encampment at Boston, HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 499 and is now Assistant Quartermaster-General of Texas. He has always voted the Republi- can ticket. He has not taken an active in- terest in political questions further than to exercise his right of suffrage. lAPTAlN WILLIAM H. HARRIS, an old settler and a prominent and much respected citizen of Dallas county, Texas, is eminently deserving of honorable mention in this work. Indeed, a history of Dallas county would be incomplete without a biography of him. A resume of his life will be read with interest by many, and is as follows: Captain William H. Harris was born in Simpson county, Kentucky, January 1, 1838. He was reared on a farm and received a com- mon-school education in his native State. In the fall of 1855, at the age of seventeen, he came to Texas and settled in the city of Dallas. At that place he and a stepbrother worked together at the blacksmith trade for two years. He then bought a half interest in a farm, on credit, and improved it and lived on it one year, selling out in December, 1860. From 1858 until the war broke out he was engaged in teaming In the meantime he purchased another of tract land — 160 acres — and made some improvements on it. In February, 1862, he enlisted in the Con- federate army, as a member of the First Texas Squadron, Company B, and was made Third Lieutenant. The following April they reorganized at Grand Junction, Mississippi, and he was made First Lieutenant, and in Sep- tember he was promoted to the rank of Cap- tain by unanimous election. He went first to Corinth and was then transferred to Mor- gan's Command, being with Morgan in all his raids through the South and North. At the time of his noted raid through Indiatia and Ohio Captain Harris was in Tennessee, hav- ing been sent back from Kentucky in special service; and after Morgan's capture he gath- ered up the remnant of the command and was afterward with General Wheeler, through the Southern campaign. He continued with the Army of Tennessee through Georgia un- til the close of the war; was with Jefferson Davis a few hours before the latter's capture; made arrangements to accompany a squad that were going to Mexico with Davis, but the plan was foiled. Captain Harris sur- rendered at Columbus, Mississippi, after which he returned home, arriving June 21, 1865. The Captain soon afterward entered into a cattle speculation and took a large herd to Mattoon, Illinois. In this enterprise he lost heavily. We next find him engaged in farm- ing, he having married, March 5, 1867, and settled down on a farm. Up to that time there had been little cotton raised in this country. He turned his attention to its pro- duction and after a time was enabled to pay off the debt he had incurred in his cattle speculation. He farmed three years, freighted four years and then settled back to farming again. He still owns the same farm, having added to his original purchase. Harvey Harris, the Capta'n's father, was born in Kentucky, son of the Rev. William Harris. The latter was Scotch- Irish, born in the north of Ireland, and, after his mar- riage to a lady of his own country, he emi- grated to America and settled in Virginia. From there they moved to Kentucky, being among the pioneers of that State. He was one of tiie first ministers in the Cumberland Presbyterian Church there, and made circuits of 1,500 miles, preaching. He lived to see 500 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. the church well organized throughout the State, and died in Kentucky about 1845. Har\ey Harris was one of a family of seven- teen children, five of whom were preachers of their father's faith. He, however, was a farmer all his life; was born March 25, 1807, and died August 18, 1842. By his first wife, nee Mary Neal, he had one child, James Monroe, who went to California and his whereabouts are now unknown. His wife died September 12, 1835. In 1836 he mar- ried Miss Sarah I. T. Skiles, daughter of Henry and Elizabeth (Hamilton) Skiles. Her parents, natives of Virginia, moved to Ken- tucky, where they died. She was born Jan- uary 19, 1818, is yet enjoying good health, and is living with her son, the subject of this sketch. Her other child, Nancy E., born August 23, 1839, died August 6, 1847. Captain Harris first married Miss Prudence E. Baird, daughter of Dr. J. B. Baird. Her father, a native of Kentucky, was a resident of Denton county, Texas, at the time of their marriage, but has since died. This happy union resulted in the birth of two children, both dying infancy. The wife departed this life on the 12tb of August, 1869. October 7, 1874, the Captain wedded Miss liarriette L. Rodgers, daughter of Isaac and Sarah Rodgers. Her father was a farmer and trader in Tennessee. Both parents died in that State the same year, about 1840, leaving a family of seven children. By his second marriage. Captain Harris has one child, Will- iam H. v., born March 7, 1876. Captain Harris has had his full share of adversities in this life, but with heroic brav- ery he has met and overcome the many dif- ficulties as they presented themselves. The first house he built on his farm was destroyed by a cyclone, May 26, 1867, at 10 o'clock p. M., the second was burned down July 5, 1875, and on the same foundation he erected a third house. He now rents a farm and re- sides in his pleasant home at Richardson. The Captain is in every respect a progressive man, keeping well posted on the general topics of the day. He is an enthusiastic and in- fluential Granger. AVhen the Grange was first organized in Texas, September, 1873, he was elected Master, and has been a leader of the institutiop in Dallas county; also an of- ficer of the Texas State Grange for eight years. On December 12, 1891, he was elected l>y the Board as Superintendent of the Texas State Grange Fair, an enterprise of much prominence, and is now managing this grand institution for the association. He has given four years of his life to its interests. Polit- ically, he is a Democrat. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., the Good Templars and the Knigiits of Honor, and he and bis entire family ai-e members of the Cumberland Pres- byterian Church. g^ENRY H. SMITH, a prominent busi- !iess man of Dallas, was born in Cov- ington, Kentucky, a son of Colby T. and Marium H. (Stevenson) Smith, natives of Clark county, Kentucky. His father was a cabinetmaker and builder, and came to Texas in 1860, settling at Dallas, when his son, our subject, was ten years of age. The latter grew up on a farm, engaged in teaching and farming for several years, and then was clerk for "Thompson Bros. " four years. In 1884 he was called to the office of County Treasurer, which he tilled for six years, being re-elected twice; and with the due respect to many able officers we can safely state that that position was never more ably or more satisfactorily tilled. On the expiration of his HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 501 last term be retired witli the confidence of the people. His majority was larger at each election. When he first came here there were no banks in the place, and the nearest rail- road depot was at Houston, Probablj no man in Dallas is more intimately connected with its growth. He is a member and Past Chancellor of Cceur de Lion Lodge of the Knights of Pythias here, and for years has also been one of the pillars of the Christian Church. In politics he is a Democrat of the strictest type. He was mar- ried in 1875, to Miss Ellen V. Bond, a native of Virginia, and they are the parents of two children: Loyd B., now fourteen years old, and Maud, eleven years of age. Mrs. Smith came to Texas in 1S59, when five years old, was educated in Bonham, this State, and for some years was a teacher. In this profession she closed a successful career at the time of her marriage. Her parents were Charles F. and Mary (Wilson) Bond, natives of Vir- ginia, where they were reared and married. They came to Texas in 1859. The father was a teacher, farmer and latterly a merchant. He and his wife are both deceased ; the latter in 1859. They were both devout members of tlie Baptist Church, were excellent people and left a good name. They had two chil- dren, — one. La Fayette W., a farm(!r and stock-raiser of Dallas county. His wife was Kate Fletcher, of Dallas county. Colby T. Smith, our subject's father, was a member (as well as his wife) of the Christian Church. He was a Deacon for many years. He was well and favorably known as an honest, worthy citizen. He served three years as private in the cavalry of the Confederate States, a member of Captain Welch's Com- pany. They were known as the Gano "Guards, an independent company named for General K. M. Gauo, under whom they served. He served with General Gano in the trans-Mississippi Department. He died at Bonham, Texas, August 7, 1877, and was fifty-two years of age. His wife died in No- vember, 1887, and was born July, 1827. She was the mother of five sons and two daugh- ters; one son, Joseph C, deceased September 13, 1867, aged sixteen years; Edward C, married to Mattie A. Fletcher, resides in Dallas, and is an undertaker; Henry H., our subject; Garrett D., a partner of E. C, is married to Miss Sue Evans, a native of P"'an- nin county, Texas; Mary B., wife of Oliver Thomas, a prominent real-estate man, of Dal- las; Ellen, wife of John Hai'dy, residing in London the past two years; Willis R., a stu- dent in medical reading with Dr. Thompson, of Dallas. ;CE()LA P. SCOTT.— This gentleman is one of the prominent and prosperous farmers of Dallas, Texas. He owns a section of land here which is well improved with substantial and commodious buildings. o Besides this property he also owns land in other counties in Texas. He has been iden- tified with the interests of this part of the country from his early manhood, and it is eminently fitting that a biography of him should appear in the history of Dallas county. Mr. Scott was born in Virginia, December 27, 1841. In 1857 he emigrated with his father's family to Texas, arriving in Collin county in December. In January, 1858, they settled in Dallas county. Mr. Scott now owns the headright that was located by J. C. McCoy. Samuel Scott, father of the subject of our sketch, was born in Vir- ginia, July 26, 1799. He was married June 3, 1819. Camilla W. Scott, his wife, was born March 26, 1803. Both were of Scotch- 503 BISTORT OF DALLAS OOUNTY. Irish descent, and the latter was a member of a distinguished and much respected Virginia family. The father enlisted for the war of 1812, but before he reached the front the war had closed. They made the journey to Texas in wagons, brought with them about forty servants, purchased 800 acres of land, and were soon comfortably settled here, carrying on farming on a large scale. At the time of pur- chase 200 acres of this land were in cultivation. Here the venerable father passed the residue of his life, and died October 19, 1878. The mother departed this life December 12, 1883. Fol- lowing are the names of their ten children: Roy B., born June 17, 1822; Baldwin S., April 13, 1824; Julia, November 28, 1825; Emily E., May 4, 1828; Helen M., May 12, 1880; Clara H., May 10, 1882; Henry C, February 8, 1884; Emmet B., November 5, 1835; Walter M., December 14, 1839; and Oceola P., December 27, 1841. Baldwin S. died July 18, 1825; Julia, April 16, 1829; Helen, May 10, 1832. Henry C. died in the army, near McMinnville, Tennessee, from the effects of the wound accidentally received. Walter M. died March 6, 1863, at Camp Douglas, Chicago, Illinois, of pneumonia. Roy met his death accidentally October 8, 1884, being thrown from a horse. Oceola P. Scott was married May 9, 1865, to Miss Laura A. Hatcher. Her parents, Branch and Manerva (Davis) Hatcher, were natives of North Carolina and Kentucky respectively. They were unarried in Ken- tucky and subsequently moved to Missouri, where her father died in September, 1858. In 1861 the family emigrated to Texas to join sisters who had already come in 1856. Six children have been born to Mr. Scott and his wife, viz.: Walter M., September 10, 1866; Ann R., February 14, 1868; Emma P., September 7, 1870; Samuel B., Septem- ber 14, 1878; AdaL., November 4, 1883; Henry B., October 18, 1885. Ada died April 16, 1885. Mr. Scott enlisted in the Confederate army as a member of Company E, Eighteenth Texas Cavalry, Captain Allison Darnell in command. During his service he was twice captured, first, at Arkansas Post, from whence he was taken to Camp Douglas, Chicago; second, at Atlanta, July 22, 1864, just after General Hood was placed in command. The last time he was sent to Camp Chase, Colum- bus, Ohio, and from there to Richmond. Re- ceiving a furlough, he walked a great part of the way home, paid fifty dollars to be ferried across the Mississippi river in a skiff, and reached here April 9, 1865. Of the five brothers who entered the army, three returned and two are still living. Henry C, who died in Tennessee, was a practicing physician and surgeon in the army. Mr. Scott was an active member of the Farmers' Alliance, and a heavy stockholder in the Alliance Mill at Dallas, he being one of the directors of the enterprise and one of the eight that had to pay off the claims against the institution, amounting to $20,000. He is opposed to the introduction of politics into the . Alliance. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and his family belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church. -^-^uz/l/h- •"l/l/TM^^ REMOND, ex-brick manufacturer, has 3L been identified with interests of Dal- '* las county, Texas, since 1856. He was born in the State of Nievre, France, August 2, 1840, to Jean Remond and Marie, nee Pouilliat, also natives of France, who lived and died on their native soil. E.' Remond, until fourteen years of age, was HISTORY OF DALLAS GOUNTT. 503 educated for a priest, but being disinclined to follow that life, he in 1856 set sail for the United States, embarking at Havre, and after a voyage of sixty-five days reached the city of New Orleans. From this city he went to Houston on a tug-boat, and from the latter place came to Dallas, Texas with an ox team, being joined in Houston by his brother Jean Priot, who had come to this country two years before. The latter resided in Dallas until 1887, accumulated a compe- tency, but in that year sold his property and returned to France, where he is living well out of his income. E. Keraond was unable to speak the English language or to under- stand it upon coming to this country, but it was not long before he could do both. When the Civil war opened he enlisted in Company B, Nineteenth Texas Cavalry, with which he remained one year, then volunteered in Pratt's Battery, serving as iiag-bearer until he was taken prisoner with General Marmaduke at Saline, Kansas. As rear-guard he was am- bushed by negro troops at Tansas bayou, Louisiana, in 1862, but he fought for life and succeeded in cutting his way through the lines, and regained his liberty before being taken to a place of confinement. The hard- ships and privations he endured were many, but he bore them well until the war closed. He was married soon after to Miss Cesarine Santerre, of France, who came to this county when a child, and after his marriage he lo- cated permanently in West Dallas. He be- gan manufacturing brick, which occupation he followed, except during the war, until 1880, since which time he has given his attention to studying practical geology of the country and in influencing capitalists to locate in this section. He introduced the first brick ma- chine. In 1880 he discovered an unlimited quantity of '-alumina lustra," shale, steatite and soapstone, — which discovery led to the investment of $50,000 in a scientific brick- manufacturing plant at the place. He resides on sixty acres of land in Dallas county and has a beautiful and comfortable home. He is a Democrat politically and a useful citizen of the county. He never ran for office, never had a lawsuit, never gave his note, never borrowed money, and never contracted any debt. Love, science, progress and the arts are his highest avocations, while he devotes his attention mainly to the industrial devel- opment of the natural resources of his country. He is a geologist and practical clay-worker. SREDERICK SCHUPBACK, who is en- gaged in gardening at Dallas, has been identified with the interests of Dallas county since 1877. He dates his birth in Berne, Switzerland, September 16, 1842, and is a son of Samuel and Elisa (Zong) Scliup- back, natives of that place. His parents both passed their lives and died in the old country. He was reared on a farm, and in 1866 emi- grated to the United States, sailing from Havre, and after a voyage of sixty-six days landed in New Orleans. During this time they were short of provisions for nearly two weeks. Arrived in this country, Mr. Schupback engaged in gardening in New Orleans, re- maining there eight months. He then went to Memphis, Tennessee, where he engaged in the same kind of work one year. From there he went to St. Louis for a short time; thence to Jefferson county, Missouri; eight months later to Lawrence, Kansas, following a like occupation there four years. Then he made a brief trip to California, remaining in 504 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. the Golden State only two weeks. He went West on the second train over the Northern Pacific road and paid $150 for his fare. He returned to 8t. Louis, thence to New Orleans, and after two months came to Texas and lo- cated in Brenham, Washington county, wliere he raised one crop. We next find him at Shreveport, Louisiana, where he was stricken with yellow fever, and was at that place two years. In 1877 he came to Dallas and pur- chased his present property, twelve and a half acres, located three-quarters of a mile from Dallas, and here he has since been en- gaged in gardening. Mr. Schupback was married, June 16, 1876, to Miss Eliza Sivalin, a native of North Ger- many and a daughter of Jack and Martha Sivalin, natives of the same place. She came to America and located at Shreveport, Lou- isiana, 1873. They are the parents of four children: Annie, Frederick, Lancie and Hat- tie. He and his wife are members of the Presbyterian Church. S^HILLIAM E. PEARSON, a successful fflmu/t ^"''''"™®'' of Dallas county, is a son of l^=^feH John H. and Minerva Pearson. The father was born in Hawkins county, Ten- nessee, January 29, 1820, remained in his native State until 1870, when he removed to Missouri and thence to Texas, settling on Grapevine Prairie, this county, where he still resides. His father. Lawrence Pearson, was a native of Bucks county, Pennsylvania, but left his native place when a lad, and went to what is now Hawkins county, east Tennes- see, then a part of North Carolina. His peo- ple settled in that locality in the days of John Seiver, when this great leader attempted to found the new State of Franklin in what is now east Tennessee. Lawrence Pearson died in Hawkins county in 1872, at the age of eighty-five years. His wife, nee Elizabeth De Vault, was a daughter of Abraham De Vault, a native of North Carolina. She was born in east Tennessee and died in Hawkins county in 1878, at the age of eighty-eight years. Our subject's mother, whose maiden name was Minerva Green, is still living, and is a daughter of William Green, also a native of Hawkins county. Mr. and Mrs. Pearson were married August 19, 1842, in Hawkins county, and had the following children: Elizabeth Jane, the widow of Captain James W. Berry, of Dallas county; William E., our subject; Enoline, who became the wife of John Willmuth, and died in Dallas county some years ago; Ruthie, the wife of Thomas Swindle, a resident of Cherokee Nation, In- dian Territory; George A., of this county; Nicholas, who is still with his parents; Mary Catherine, the wife of William S. Sanders, of this county; and James M., a resident of Tarrant county. William E. Pearson, our subject, was born in Hawkins county, Tennessee, February 1, 1845. In March, 1863, he enlisted in the Union army, in Company G, Eighth Ten- nessee Infantry, entering the company raised by his brother-in-law. Captain J. W. Berry, which was formed at Cauip Nelson, Kentucky, largely from refugees from east Tennessee. They served in Tennessee, Georgia and North Carolina, and the first active service was at Chattanooga in the fall of 1863. Mr. Pearson was in the Georgia campaign, and took part in all the engagements down to Atlanta; was then under Thomas on the return to Tennessee, taking part also in the liattles of Franklin and Nashville, when the Confederate army, under Hood, was dispersed. Mr. Pearson's command was then placed on a boat at Clifton, Tennessee, and transported to Cincinnati, HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY 505 thence by rail to Alexandria, Virginia, next to Fort Fisher, North Carolina, and then joined Sherman's army at Goldsboro, same State. Mr. Pearson enlisted as a private and was mustered out as sergeant. After the close of the war he returned to Tennessee, and in 1870 moved to Missouri, settling in Christian county, where he resided until com- ing to Texas in 1872. He settled in Dallas county, and in November of that year he rented a place on Grapevine Prairie, but a year later he purchased forty acres. He has since added to this farm until he now owns 215 acres, seventy acres of which is under a fine state of cultivation, and the remainder in pasture, timber and hay land. Mr. Pearson was married in April, 1868, to Miss Minda Sanders, a daughter of Wiley Sanders, a native of Cleveland county, Ten- nessee. Mr. and Mrs. Pearson have had the following living children: John J., Dora, Cordia T., William, Eddie, Miney and Charlie. In politics, Mr. Pearson is a Republican; socially, a member of the Farmers' Alliance, and religiously, the family are members of the Baptist Cliurch. ^AEK ELLISON, a merchant of Gar- land and a farmer of Precinct No. 2, Dallas county, Texas, dates his birth in Kentucky in 1844. He was the third born in the family of John W. and Elizabeth (Johnson) Ellison, natives of Kentucky. His ancestors were Scotch- Irish, and came to this country and settled in Kentucky at an early day. John W. Ellison was a blacksmith. He came to Texas in 1848, resided in Dallas county one year, and in 1849 moved to Tar- rant county, settling near where Birdvilie is now located, and following his trade there until 1857. He took up a section of land, improving the same, and lived on it. A portion of the family still make their home on the old farm. The fatlier was a prominent man in his day. For some years he was Justice of the Peace of Tarrant county. He was a devoted Christian man — a member of the Christian Church — and could repeat from memory the whole of the New Testament. He and his wife were the parents of five chil- dren, namely: Frank, who resides on the old homestead; Zarilda, who was the wife of Thomas James, is deceased; Mark, whose name heads this sketch; Mary, wife of H. S. Holman, Tarrant county; John W., who died while the family were en route to this State. In 1868 Mrs. Ellison married A. Bledsaw, a prominent and highly-esteemed citizen of this county, known as "Honest A." He served as Judge of this county during and afcer the war, and was subsequently elected to the office of Comptroller of the State of Texas. His death occurred in 1884. The mother now lives on on the homestead place in Tarrant county, with her son-in-law, H. Holman. She lias been a member of the Christian Church for many years. Mark Ellison received his education in the common schools of Tarrant county, and at the early age of sixteen entered the Southern army as a member of (Company A, Ninth Texas Cavalry. In the earlier part of the war he was in a number of engagements east of the Mississippi river, and later was transferred to the forces that operated west of the Mis- sissippi. Twice he was wounded; first at Corinth, in the arm, and in a skirmish in Louisiana was shot through the left shoulder. He never was captured nor sent to hospital. After the war he returned to his home in Tarrant county and immediately engaged in farming. The following year, 1867, he moved to Dallas county and settled on a headright 506 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTT. that liad been secured by his father-in-law, H. C. Marsh, and fanned on it until 1889. He then moved his family to Garland and he engaged in the mercantile business, still, how- ever, having his farming operations carried on. In his agricultural pursuits he has been very successful. For twenty years his crib has never been empty of corn. He has re- fused $45 an acre for his farmincr land, and besides this also owns seventy-tive acres of timber land. He began the mercantile busi- ness with a stock worth $2,300. Since open- ing up his business has averaged from 125,000 to $30,000, and at this time he carries a stock worth some |11,000 or $12,000. He has the only strictly dry-good house in the town and does a larger business than any other estab- ment here. Mr. Ellison was married January 1, 1866, to Miss Martha A. Marsh, daughter of H. C. and Mary (Raymond) Marsh, natives of Har- rison county, Kentucky. Their union has been blessed with four children, viz.: Hardy, a farmer of Tarrant county; Zeluma, wife of O P. Thomas; and John W. and Harrison M.,' at home. They also have one daughter de- ceased, Elizabeth. Mr. Ellison is a member of the A., F. & A.M., James A. Smith Lodge, No. 395; is also a member of Dallas Chapter, No. 52, and has tilled all the chairs in the order. He and his wife have been members of the Christian Church for a number of years. M. HALSELL, County Commissioner of Dallas county, was born in Ken- tucky, in 1832, the fourth child of William and Mary (Garland) Halsell, natives of "Warren county, Kentucky. The father was a blacksmith and farmer by occupation, and also served as Justice of the Peace for a number of years. The paternal grandfather was a native of Ireland, who came to Amer- ica for a short time and afterward re turned to Ireland, where he died, at the age of 104 years. The maternal grandfather moved from Kentucky to Missouri, where he died, at the age of 100 years. He was a farmer by occupation, and also taught school. Will- iam H. Halsell lived in the same house in Kentucky for fifty-live years, and died in 1887, at the age of eighty-two years. He had been a member of the Cumberland Pres- byterian Church for fifty years, and during most of his married life he never failed to have family prayer. He was twice married, first to the mother of our subject, who died in 1847. Of their nine children, seven lived to years of maturity: John E. resides in Kansas, and is an attorney of Wellington. He has served his Congressional district in Congress for two terms, and prior to this was also Circuit Judge of a judicial district in Kentucky. He is known as one of the lead- ing attorneys and noted politicians in the Democratic party. Alvira, deceased, was the wife of the Feldin Robinson, and the family now reside in various States, two in Texas and two in Kentucky; William J., a mer- chant of Richardson, Dallas county, has served as Justice of the Peace of this county for several years. He came to this State in 1852; our subject is the ne.xt in order of birth; Mary, is the widow of S. Y. Garrison, of Gainesville, Texas; James M., of Waco, Texas. The latter is a minister of the Cum- berland Presbyterian Church, and also col- lecting agent for the Cumberland Presby- terian College of this State. After the death of his Urst wife, Mr. Halsell married Sarah, daughter of Henry Skiles. Mrs. Halsell had one child, W. H., by a former husband, Mr. Harris, who is now a prominent member of HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 507 the Granger party, and one of the main speak- ers for his section of Texas. E. M. Halsell, our subject, received his early education in this county, and at the age of twenty-one years coininonced life for himself. He came to this State in 1852, and first settled in Dallas, which was then a small village, and here he assisted in the organiza- ation of the tirst city laws, and was elected one of the first Trustees of the place. He was at one time owner of the most of the prop- erty on Ross avenue, and erected for him- self the home now occupied by Mr. Ross. While there he was engaged in blacksmith- ing, and his shop was located on the north- east corner of the public square. In 1859 he returned to Kentucky, where he resided until 1879. He served in the late war as recruit- ing ofiicer under General John H. Morgan, with the rank of Captain. After the war, and while still in Kentucky, he engaged at his trade of blacksmithing, and also served as Justice of the Peace ten years. After com- ing to Texas in 1879, he engaged in farming on land he had bought in Young county, where he remained until 1887, when he moved to this county. He now owns a farm of 400 acres in Young county, of wliich about fifty acres is improved. After coming to tliis county he located in Garland, where he was employed by his brother and son-in-law, S. A. Allen, lumber merchants. He now has a nice village residence. In 1890 was elected County Commissioner for two years. Mr. Halsell was married in 1855, to Miss Mary Cook, a native of Kentucky and daugh- ter of William and Dincan Cook, natives of Kentucky. She was a granddaughter of Cap- tain Isaac Cook, a Captain of tiie war of 1812. Mr. and Mrs. Halsell are the parents of six children: V. B., of the firm of Alien & Halsell, hardware merchants of this place' Julius D., deceased; Rachel, wife of S. A. Allen, of the firm of Allen & Halsell, of Garland; Maggie, wife of L. C. Simpson, a farmer of this county; Millie, wife of A. E. Kyan, a druggist of Garland; Thomas and Edgar, ages fourteen and sixteen. Mr. Halsell is a member of the Christian Church, and since 1855 has been a member of the A. F. & A. M. Mrs. Halsell is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. ^ 4®^ ^ OAH S. EWALT, a young and success- ful business man of Dallas county, is a son of Noah S. Ewalt, Sr., who was born in Bourbon count}', Kentucky. He was reared there to the age of twelve years, at which time his parents moved to Missouri, settling in Greene county. In 1856 Mr. Ewalt came to Dallas county, Texas, where he purchased a certificate for 160 acres of land on Grapevine Prairie, with which he be- gan his career as a farmer and stock-raiser. As his means allowed he added to this tract until at the time of his death he owned 858 acres, all of which lay on the prairie except sixty acres in the timber, and nearly all of which was in pasture. Mr. Ewalt was a good manager, economical and inlustrious, and at his death left his family a good es- tate. He was married in Texas, May 19, 1863, to Mary J. Johnson, a native of this State. Mr. Ewalt died at his home in this county October 18, 1878, at about the age of forty-five years, and his wife survived him some years, dying October 15, 1890, aged forty -four years. They were both buried at the old family burying-ground on the farm of William Haley, near the old Ewalt homestead. They were members of the Christian Church, 508 HT8T0BY OF DALLAS COUNTY. and led lives consistent with their profession. Noah S. and Mary J. Ewalt had a family of nine children, viz.: Noah S., born June 11, 1864; Henry, October 24, 1865; Frances, October 3, 1866; Kitturah, July 23, 1870; Lela, August 18, 1872; Thomas Richard, January 2, 1875; Lucinda 0. and Jane, twins, February 17, 1877; and Samuel Wai- ter, July 31, 1879. Of these, Henry died November 1, 1865; Thomas Richard, in November, 1890; Frances is now the wife of James Graham, of this county; Kitturah, the wife of Frank Crouch, also of Dallas county; and Lela is now Mrs. George Slater, of this county. The Ewalt estate has never been divided, and the unmarried children still reside on the old homestead, the manage- ment of the farm as well as the providing for the family, devolving on tlie eldest son, Noah S. This young man has assumed the respons- ibilities which have come to him by the death of his parents with a manly spirit, looking diligently not only after the financial interests committed to his care as administrator, but is attending to the wants of every nature of his younger brothers and sisters. fHOMAS F. NASH, an attorney of Gar- MVf land, Dallas county, Texas, was born in Marion county, Kentucky, October 11, 1850. He was the eleventh born in the family of fifteen children of Thomas J. and Eliza (Flood) Nash, natives of Virginia and of Scotch and Irish descent. Thomas J. Nash was born in 1808; went to Kentucky in 1815, being one of the pioneers of that State. He was a farmer by occupation, as was also his father, Thomas Nash. His maternal grandfather was a Virginia farmer. and was a first cousin to the celebrated Peter Cartwright. Thomas J. Nash received a superior education for his day, and started out in life with fair prospects in Marion county, Kentucky. He was elected to vari- ous offices of minor importance, and when in his fortieth year he was chosen Represent- ative of his county to the State Legislature. Previous to this he raised a regiment of men and offered his services to the United States for the war with Mexico; he was not accepted, however, there being more men offered than needed. He came to Texas m 1854, first set- tling five or six miles north of Dallas. In 1857 he permanently located in the vicinity of Garland. Here he bought 320 acres of wild land and developed a fine farm, his land cost- ing him $3.00 per acre. By the time the war came on he had a nice farm and plenty of stock. In 1858 he was elected County Commissioner. In 1861 he was chosen as a member of the Secession Convention, and was a recognized authority on most subjects in regard to State rights. Being well ad- vanced in years, he took no part in the late unpleasantness, except as a civilian, but in that capacity aided and encouraged the Con- federate cause all he could. In 1876 he was again elected County Commissioner, and filled the office two years. This was the last of his political life. He died March 3, 1886, in his seventy-eighth year. For many jears he was a member of the Masonic fraternity, and nearly all his life was a prominent and devoted member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. His wife died July 7, 1873, aged fifty-six years. She was a member of the same church, possessed many amiable traits of character, and, like her honored husband, was held in high esteem by all who knew her. Of their fifteen children eleven lived to be grown and eight still survive. Names of HISTORY OF DALLAS GOUNTT. 509 the eleven are as follows: Lucy J., widow of Jerry Brown, resides in Los Angeles, Cali- fornia; Marietta, deceased; Isabella, wife of J. W. Jones; George W., of Urayson county, Texas; C. L., of this county; J. J., deceased; Adelia, deceased; Mary E., wife of T. J. Jackson; Thomas F.; Albert R., a Methodist minister of Kaufman county, Texas; Anna E., wife of John Jackson, of this county; Emma E., deceased. Thomas F. Nash received his early educa- tion in the common schools of this county, as he grew older attended some of the more advanced schools, and subsequently engaged in teaching in Dallas county. After teach- ing five years, he located on a farm and en- gaged in agricultutal pursuits until he was thirty-three. In 1883 he became editor of a paper in Mesquite, called The Mesquiter, and was thus employed three years. Previous to this, in 1880, he was elected to the State Legislature, tilling that honored position most acceptably four years. He had also served the public two years as Justice of the Peace previous to his election to the Legislature; was a member of the School Board when he was only twenty-three; has also served in other minor offices. Duriu;* the time he was in the Legislature he was Chairmari of the Committee on State Affairs, and was one of the leading young members of the House. In 1878 he began the study of law. It was not, however, until 1888 that he decided to make law his profession. He consulted with Charles F. Clint, of Dallas, but did not study under him; passed an excellent examination in May, 1889, and was admitted to the bar by Judge R. E. Burke. His practice is already assuming large proportions, and he starts out with flattering prospects for a brilliant career as a lawyer. He has been a resident of Garland since 1887. 31 Mr. Nash was married, December 25, 1873, to Miss Mary F. Hobbs. Her father was killed while in the Confederate army when she was quite small, and her mother died when she was nine years old. Her paternal great-grandmother was a first cousin of George Washington. She was reared by her grandfather, James M. Ware, a promi- nent man in this section of the country. Mr. and Mrs. Nash are the parents of eight chil- dren: Eliza Adelia, Mary Leola, Lillian, Olin Welborn, Albert AVare, Flora Estelle, Ettie Lee and Lorena Inge. Mr. Nash is a member of the A. F. & A. M., Duck Creek Lodge, No. 441, of which he is Master; is also a Knight of Honor. He and his wife are members of the Method- ist Episcopal Church. fAMES M. KENNEDY, a prominent and highly respected citizen of Dallas county, Texas, was born in Fairfield district, South Carolina, March 14, 1830. When he was eight years old he moved with his parents to Alabama and settled in Tallapoosa county, and two years later his father died at that place, leaving a wife and eight children in fair circumstances. The settling up of the estate, however, consumed all the means, and the widow found herself almost penniless. In the meantime some of her children had mar- ried and settled in life. Not content to re- main where she had lost her fortune, she with three of the youngest children moved to Arkansas. This was in 1843. In 1845 they again changed their location, settling in Dal- las county in May of that year, James M. being then fifteen years of age. There were few settlers here at that time. Mrs. Ken- nedy's capital consisted of only |55, and it 510 HISTORY OF DALLAS COO NTT. was with difficulty that she managed to sup- port her family and get a start on the fron- tier. The year following her arrival she took a homestead claim of 320 acres under the Peters colony, and James M. secured 160 acres. He was a good hunter and kept the family well supplied with meat, and as time rolled on the prospect brightened. Oppor- tunities for schooling were beyond his reach and his education was limited, but he picked up enough learning to enable him to transact business and to carry him successfully through life. Mr. Kennedy remained with his mother and assisted her until 1853, when he married and began life for himself. He progressed rapidly, and in 1860 was a full partner with a Mr. Witt in the Trinity mills and had a good store in connection with tliem. In the meantime he had had some misfortunes, namely, sickness in his family and the death of his wife. In 1858 he married again. When the war came on he was the possessor of a snug little fortune. He out loose from everything, sold out, took slaves and Con- federate money as payment, and when the war was over he found his hard-oarned for- tune swept away. In 1861 he joined the Confederate army, Witt's Company, Darnell's Regiment, and soon after entering the field his company was transferred to Scantlan's squadron, in which he remained until tiie war closed. After the exemption law William Jackson was made Captain of their company and Mr. Kennedy was promoted to First Lieutenant. He par- ticipated in many skirmishes and a number of battles; was mustered out at Hempstead, Texas. Returning home, he found himself without anything save the 160 acres of land which he had kept. He rented it and turned his atten- tion to trading, which he followed success- fully three years. He then settled down to farming and stock-raising, and has since met with prosperity. He now has an estate con- sisting of 800 acres of tine land, well stocked with horses, cattle, hogs, etc., and improved with substantial buildings. Mr. Kennedy first married Miss Prudence Rowe, daughter of W. B. Rowe. Her father, an Englishman by !)irth, and a farmer, came to Texas in 1848 and settled in Dallas county, where he died in June, 1871. He was a man of high standing, his family being otie of the leading ones in the count}'. By this happy union one child was born, October 29, 1854, and was named William. The young wife and mother departed this life September 29, 1855. October 3, 1858, Mr. Kennedy wedded Miss Charlotte Drake, daughter of George D. and Rachel (Tomp- kins) Drake. Her parents went from New York to Ohio and from there to Illinois, where, in Marshall county, she was born, Sep- tember 17, 1839, and in 1855 they emigrated to Texas. Her father was a brick mason by trade, but after coming to Texas was engaged in farming. He died at Fort Scott, Kansas, in 1883. By his second marriage Mr. Ken- nedy has had nine children, two dying in in- fancy. Six are still living, viz.; George, born September 14, 1868; James M. and Samuel M. (twins), July 19, 1871; Emma, September 29, 1873; Mattie, September 10, 1875; and Marsh, March 27, 1877. Ella Prudence, the oldest, born March 3, 1866, married George F. Myers, August 20, 1885^ and died February 4, 1890, leaving three chil- dren, — Amy, Willie and Jay. George F. Myers is the son of Rev. J. M. Myers and grandson of Rev. David Myers, an old pioneer who or- ganized the First Baptist Church in Dallas county. HISTORY OF DALLAS VOUNTY. 511 Politically, Mr. Kennedy is a Democrat; socially, a member of the Masonic fraternity; and religiously, lie and his family are mem- bers of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, he having been a leader in church work for many years. It should be further stated in connection with the family history of Mr. Kennedy that his father, Samuel Kennedy, was born in South Carolina, and that his grandfather, William Kennedy, a native of Ireland, came to America with five brothers, served through the Revolutionary war, and afterward settled in South Carolina. Samuel Kennedy married Miss Mary Murf, daughter of Samuel Murf, who was of German extraction, and of their four sons and four daughters the subject of tiiis sketch was the seventh born. Mrs. Ken- nedy died in Te.xas, April 8, 1861. Such is an epitome of the life of one of Dallas county's best citizens and Christian men. ^^^^^^"^^/^^ W. GILBERT, M. D., of Dallas county, was born in Oktibbeha county, Mississippi, January 31, 1854, a son of John W. and Sail ie (Brough ton) Gilbert. The father was born near DeKalb, Georgia, and when a young man he went to Missis- sippi and settled in Oktibbeha county, where he accumulated considerable property. He lost heavily by the war, and always made his home in Mississippi, where he died, in 1881, at the age of eighty-one years. Our subject's mother also died in Oktibl)eha county, in 1877, at the age of sixty-seven years. Mr. and Mrs. Gilbert were the parents of eleven children, as follows: Jackson Marion is a physician residing in LewisvillC; Denton county, Texas; Franklin Monroe, also a phy- sician, resides in Hood county; the two daugh- ters, twins, died in infancy; John Wesley died in 1883, after reaching maturity; Allen Broughton was killed at Canton, Mississippi, in tiie Confederate army; Laurania Ann, the widow of D. W. Price, resides in Dallas county; Thomas B., a farmer by occupation, resides in Comanche county, Texas; Zacha- riah Taylor died in Louisiana, in 1882, leaving a family ; Henry Clay io a physician of Smith- field, Tarrant county, and D. W. our subject. The latter was reared in his native county to the age of twenty years, after which he came to Texas, in company with a friend, and located in Grapevine, Tarrant county, in January, 1874. He began reading medicine under his brother. Dr. F. M. Gilbeit, in that city, in 1876, and took a course of lectures in 1879-'80-'81 at the Missouri Medical Col- lege, St. Louis, graduating in March, 1881. Mr. Gilbert located and began practice near Grapevine, Tarrant county, where he con- tinued until 1884, and in that year he moved to where he now lives, near Sowers, Dallas county. He formed a partnership for one year with Dr. T. B. Dorris, and one year later with Dr. A. B. Greg, but has practiced mostly alone. The Doctor is devoted exclusively to his profession, following it assiduously and successfully. His practice embraces all branches of the profession, and extends over a coqsiderable scope of country. On locating where he now lives he purchased a small farm, which he has in a good state of cultiva- tion, and on which he has a neat residence. The Doctor was married in April, 1882, to Miss Marietta Board man, a native of Dallas county, and a daughter of J. R. Boardman, an early settler of (xrapevine Prairie. She died in 1885, leaving one child, Taylor Clyde. Mr. Gilbert was married a second time, in September, 1886, to Mrs. Fannie Willis Roberts, a daughter of John W. Trigg, of 512 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. Tarrant county. The Doctor takes consider- able interest in matters relating to liis lo- cality, and lends a helping hand to everything for its advancement. He is a member of the Farmers' Alliance, and is actively identified with the affairs of that order. ;ILLIAM O.HARRISON, a well- known resident of Dallas county, is a son of Jonathan Tyler and Jemima Delina (Osborne) Harrison, of English an- cestry. The first ancestor of that name who first came to America, was Terrell Harrison, a Presbyterian minister, who settled in Vir- ginia. His son, Jonathan, was born in tiiat State, and afterward settled in Fairfield dis- trict, South Carolina, where he was a planter, and at one time was Sheriff of that district. His son, Burr Harrison, was the father of Jonathan Tyler, the father of the subject of this sketch. Jonathan Tyler Harrison was born and reared in Fairfield district, and in early life was engaged as an overseer. He worked four years as such for Governor Means, and was also overseer for h's estate after the Governor's death. Mr. Harrison then moved to Anderson district, same State, where he was engaged for some years in the mercantile business, and still later was a con- tractor for railroad work, having assisted in building the Blue Ridge railroad, in 1860. He was engaged in that occupation when the war came on, and he then enlisted in the Confederate army, in the Second Rifies, which was raised in Anderson county. He entered as Third Lieutenant, and was afterward pro- moted Second Lieutenant, and was in Lone- street's Corps, Jenkins' Brigade, and took part in all the battles which were fought by his command. He served until the fall of 1864, when he resigned, on account of riieu- matisin, and also received a flesh wound in the battle of the Wilderness. After the close of the war Mr. Harrison returned to his farm in Anderson district, where he was engaged in agricultural pursuits until his death, March 14, 1870. He was a member of the Mission- ary Baptist Churcli throughout life, and was twice married, first to Jemima Delina Os- borne, a daughter of W. M. Osborne, of Fairfield district, South Carolina, where Mrs. Harrison was born and reared. They had the following children: William O., our sub- ject; Sallie, who died when young; Jonathan B., of Dallas county, a sketch of whom ap- pears in this work; James W., of Denton county, this State; Thomas Jefferson, of Dal- las county; and Fannie, the wife of Sanford Wilburne, of Union district. South Carolina. The wife and mother died in Anderson dis- trict, June 8, 1858, and Mr. Harrison was afterward married to Eliza McDaniel, also of Anderson district, and tiiey had four children : Jefferson Davis, of this county; Carrie, who became the wife of W. N. Sanders, of Dallas county, and is now deceased; Susan, the wife of P. F. Sanders, of Dallas county; Mamie, the wife of J. B. Hammel, of Tarrant county, Texas. William O. Harrison, the subject of this sketch, was born in Fairfield district. South Carolina, November 3, 1847, and was reared in that and Anderson district. He emigrated to Rusk county, Texas, in the winter of 1870, where he remained one year, and then went to Marion county, and two years later to Dal- las county, settling on Grapevine Prairie, near where he now lives. He bought hig present farm of ninety acres in 1875, all of which was open prairie, and he has since added to this place until he now owns 166 acres, most of which is under cultivation. HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 513 Mr. Harrison began the mercantile business at G-ibbs about three years ago, under the lirm name of Harrison & Co., his partners being his brothers, Jonathan B. Harrison and T. J. Harrison, and he is also engaged in the gin business. Mr. Harrison secured the post office at Gibbs in 1887, and soon afterward became the Postmaster, which posi- tion he has since held, and is also Notary Tublic and general counsel for the neigh- borhood. He was married in Elbert county, Georgia, June 20, 1865, to Laura McDaniel, a daughter of Edward and Frances (White) McDaniel. of that county. Mr. and Mrs. Harrison have had the following children; Minnie, the wife of Byron L. Nix, of this county, Lena, wife of W. N. Sanders; Emma, now Mrs. C. ^. Corbin; Fannie, Laura, Ed- ward T. and Birdie. Mr. and Mrs. Harrison are members of the Baptist Church. Politi- cally, Mr. Harrison is a Democrat. 4^ TO fW. HUFFHINES, a farmer near Rich- ardson, Dallas county, was born in this ® county, in 1853, the eldest of five chil- dren born to Christopher and Martha (Smith) Huffhines, natives of Kentucky. In 1852 the parents emigrated with horse teams to Dallas county, having been forty-eight days on the road. They settled on White Rock, near Richardson, where the father bought a section of partly improved land. In 1863 he enlisted in Colonel Stone's regiment, Captain Stratton's company, and died in July of the same year, near Mansfield, Louisi- ana, of disease contracted in the service. The mother was married, in 1868, to Thomas J. Stratton, and now resides in Armstrong county, Texas. Mr. and Mrs. Iluft'hines had the following children: J. W., our subject; J. F., engaged in farming and in the stock business near Amarillo, Texas; Mary, wife of W. B. Alkire, of North Dallas; Elizabeth, wife of T. J. Gillock, of Fort Scott, Kansas; Ophelia, now Mrs. Charles Chick, of Wash- burn, this State. The subject of this sketch was reared to farm life and educated in the schools of Dal- las county. After reaching maturity he re- ceived from his father's estate ninety acres of land, which he improved, and to which he has since added until he now owns 250 acres. In 1887 he moved to the city of Dallas, and bought and improved liis residence, having been one of the first to build in this portion of East Dallas. Mr. Huffhines is identified with the Democratic party. He is a member of one of the early pioneer families of this county, where he was born and reared, and has always taken an active part in everything for the good of the city or county. He was married in Dallas county, in 1875, to M. A. Wright, a native of Kentucky, and a daugh- ter of Merrick and Elizabeth (Pope) Wright, also natives of Kentucky. They came to Dallas county, in 1871, settling near Richard- son, but later moved near the city, where the mother died in 1889, and the father is still living. Mr. and Mrs. Huffhines have one child, Elmo. Mrs. Huffhines is a member of the Baptist Church. '^^OJTJl/l,- -^mrui^ fRANClS M. WHITE, an old and highly respected citizen of Lancaster, Dallas county, was born in White county, Ten- nessee, a son of Woodson P. and Nancy (Mitchell) White, natives of Virginia. The father accompanied his parents to middle Tennessee at an early day, settling in White county, where he lived and died, in 1840. 514 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNT T. He was a successful farmer and merchant aud a mau of public note, having served his county in the State Legislature a number of terms. His father, John White, vpas a Revo- lutionary soldier, and an early settler of middle Tennessee. Our subject's mother, 7iee Nancy Mitchell, was born in Tennessee, near Knoxville, a daughter of David Mitchell, where she lived until her death. She was married to Woodson F. White, in that county, in 1810, and died there in 1871. Mr. and Mrs. White had the following children: Dyer P., who died in White county, Tennes- see, leaving a family; Elizabeth, deceased, was the wife of Martin Young; Byrd, who went to Alabama after reaching his maturity, where he died before marriage; Louisa, living at Tulula, Menard county, Hlinois, was the wife of William G. Green; Martha, who died at Sparta, White county, Tennessee, was the wife of Edward Murray; William L., deceased, a sketch of whom will be found in this work; Mary, the wife of Joel B. Cool- idge, of Lancaster, this county; Francis Marion, our subject; Maria, wife of S. D. Mitchell, living two miles west of Lancaster; and John Rufus, a farmer near Lancaster. The subject of this sketch, Francis M. White, was born October 18, 1828, and was reared in his native county to the age of nineteen years, after which he went to Me- nard county Hlinois. Two years later, in 1851, he came to Texas, and made his first permanent stop about five miles east of the present village of Lancaster, where he had friends and acquaintances. After prospecting for a time he purchased 580 acres of land of Robert Sloan, which he improved. Mr, White remained on this purchase until about 1869, when, having reduced a large part of it to cultivation, and having accumulated some means, he sold out and came to Lancaster, and began the mercantile business. He bought out his brother's interest in an estab- lishment in the village, and the new firm became Ellis & White. In 1879, he sold out, since which time he has been engaged mainly in farming, and he now owns one of the best improved places in the vicinity of Lancaster. Mr. AVhite was married in May, 1853, to Martha J. Gray, a native of Montgomery county, Hlinois, and a daughter of A. K. Gray, a pioneer settler of this county. The wife and mother died in June, 1867, leaving four children: Louisa, wife of M. M. Miller, of Lancaster; Florence, the wife of R. M. Clark, of Oak Cliff; Emma, now Mrs. J. A. Boyd, of Lancaster; and Wayne L., at home. Mr. White was again married, in November, 1870, to Miss Mattie T. Trigg, a native of Alabama, and a daughter of Mrs. M. B. Trigg, a resident of Aniarillo, this State. Mr. and Mrs. White have four living children, viz.: Maud, Forest, Lester and Stella. Mr. White has held the usual number of small offices in the community where he has resided, aud is a member of the Methodist Church, as was also his former wife; the present Mrs. White is a member of the Baptist Church. fOHN BRYAN.— To this person belongs the distinction of being the first male child born in Dallas. He was born January 9, 1846, and was reared as a farmer in and near Dallas, receiving his education here. In the fall of 1864, when nineteen years of age, he enlisted in the Confederate service, and remained until the close of the war. He was with the forces that operated in Louisiana, Arkansas and Texas, and was in an almost continuous skirmish and many battles. He received no wounds, however, HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 515 and was never captured; was mustered out in Milam county, Texas, and returned home. Here he was engaged in farming and stock- raising until 1872. That year he went into Uvalde and Llano counties, bought cattle and engaged in ranching, remaining there fifteen years. He then returned to Dallas county, and in 1889 purchased a farm and settled here; and here he expects to remain. October 10, 1867, he was united in mar- riage with Miss Sallie Thompson, a daughter of Moses and Martha Thompson, of Tennes- see. They came to Texas in 1865 and settled on a farm in Dallas county. Here her father, Moses Thompson, died, in Erath county, Texas, January 25, 1890. To Mr. and Mrs. Bryan live children have been born, namely: William W., November 12, 1870; Robert Lee, July 21, 1873; James B., March 21, 1877; Luella, October 12, 1882; and Burta M., May 5, 1886. Mr. Bryan's father, John Neely Bryan, was born at Fayetteville, Lincoln county, Tennessee, December 24, 1810. He was reared in his native town, received a liberal education, and in his jounger days was en- gaged in teaching. After leaving Tennes- see and while in Arkansas he studied law, and after coming to Texas he practiced that profession. He landed in this State when it was yet a Republic, in 1839. He traveled over it considerably and finally decided on the location of Dallas. Returning to Red river, he got a man to accompany him to help guard against the Indians; came back, planted his stakes, obtained a hcad- rieht of 640 acres, built a block-house and called the place Dallas. His first work was to get some land under cultivation. He broke soil where the courthouse now stands, planted corn and raised a crop. That year a heard of buffaloes ran thi'ough his corn and did it great damage. In 1841 or '42 he laid out a portion of the town, and soon afterward a few cabins sprang up. February 26, 1843, he married. July 26, 1846, the county of Dallas was organized. He gave to the county ninety-eight lots, besides donating the public square, the same on which the new court- house is now being built. He gave bond for deeds of these gifts, and in 1855 received his title from the Government and made deeds for same. The town grew slowly, and in 1861, when the war broke out, it was only a little trading post. Previous to the war Mr. Bryan sold his claim and relinquished all right to the town. Soon after hostilities began he joined the army, but as he was too old was mustered out of tiie service. Finally he went in as a substitute, remaining until the war ended. He then served one terra as Justice, after which he settled on a farm and was engaged in agricultural pursuits until the time of his death. He departed this life September 14, 1877. He was a bold and fearless man, and during his early travels on the frontier met with some narrow escapes from the Indians. He made the trip to Cali- fornia, was all through New Mexico and Arizona, and after an absence of about four years decided to come home, and made the journey alone. The mother of John Bryan was, before her marriage. Miss Margaret Beeman. Her father, John Beeman, was a native of North Carolina, and her mother, Emily Beeman, of South Carolina. They met and were married in Illinois, and in Illinois Mrs. Bryan was born, September 29, 1825. In 1840, at the age of fourteen, she came to Texas with her parents and located at Dallas, where she was subsequently married to John Neely Bryan. Six children blessed their union, four of whom grew to maturity, viz.: John Bryan, 516 HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. wliose name heads this sketch; Elizabetli F., born December 4, 1847; Edward T., June 2, 1849; and Alexander L., October 3, 1854. Edward died January 30, 1879, at the age of twenty-nine years and eight months. John Neely Bryan was a member of the Presbyterian Church from early manhood up to the time of his death. His widow is a member of the Baptist Church. She is still hale and hearty, and has many pleasing rem- iniscences of her early pioneer life, which she relates in a vivid and charming manner. ^>SE5 im^ |OAII GOOD, a resident of Farmers' Branch, Dallas county, Texas, was born in Page county, Virginia. He was reared on a farm and received an ordinary English education. Being of a mechanical turn, he took up the carpenter's trade and worked at it in Virginia, and also to some extent after he canie to Texas. In 1839 he moved to Kentucky, and from there, the fol- lowing year, to Tennessee. In the latter State he was employed in overseeing negroes. While in Tennessee he was married, and when he arrived in Texas, in 1846, his fam- ily consisted of a wife and three children. He took a headright in Dallas county, under the Peters Colony, thus acquiring 640 acres of land. He subsequently bought an acre and a half adjoining the town site of Farmers' Branch. He also has twenty-four and one- half acres within a mile of the town, a part of his headright. He worked at his trade in the summer and made rails for his farm in the winter. In 1863 Mr. Good was conscripted into the Confederate army, and served eight months, his services being confined to this State. He was a member of Captain Mc- Cain sy's company, Colonel Smith's regi- ment; received his discharge near Bonham. Mrs. Good's parents, Elisha and Sarah Fyke, natives of Alabama, came to Texas in 1846. Her father was a mechanic by trade, but after coming to Texas was engaged in farming. He was in the Florida war, and received wounds there that finally ended his days, his death occurring in July, 1860. His wife died the winter after their arrival in Texas. Mr. Good is of German extraction, but of his ancestors he knows little. To him and his wife eleven children have been born, namely: George W., Sarah A., William L., Mary E., Martha A., Virginia, Helena, Francis M., Kuth E., and James A. and John A. (twins). Mr. Good has a nice residence in Farmers' Branch, where he is comfortably situated. Of late years he has sold some of his land and divided some among his children, re- taining a farm of 176 acres and 102 acres of timber laud. For four years he served as Justice of the Peace. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity and of the Mission- ary Baptist Church. f HO MAS F. KING, a contractor for gravel and composition roofing, was born in the West of Ireland in 1847, the fourth of ten cliildren born to Martin and Mary (Gibbons) King, natives of Ireland. The parents left their native country in 1854 and came to Kentucky, where the father was a brick and stone contractor. Thomas F. was was about seven years of age when he came to this country, where he first worked a few years on the Mississippi river, commencing as deck sweeper, and later was promoted to HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. 517 mate. In 1861 he enlisted in the Rodney Guards, and served in what was known as Bonham's regiment and later numbered the Twenty-second Mississippi Infantry. He was taken a prisoner at the battle of Cliampion Hill, but afterward escaped and returned to steamboating on the Mississippi river, where he again worked on the river some years; then went to Montana Territory, where he served as a Government scout until 1871. Mr. Kin2 came to Dallas in 1887, where bought a lot and built his present tine resi- dence. He contracts in all the towns of northern Texas, and has also done a great amount of rooting in the city of Dallas. He was married in Kentucky, in 1874, to Mary Cone, a native ot Ireland, and daughter of Peter Cone, a resident of Kentucky. Mr. King takes an active interest in politics, voting with the Democratic party. Socially, he is a member of the Coeur de Lion Lodge, No. 8, K. of P., and religiously, both he and his wife are members of the Catholic Church. Mr. King has witnessed the complete growth of Dallas from a small hamlet, is the second oldest roofer in the State, and has made all he possesses by his own industry. -^'^mi w^^^- R. COLE, a farmer and stock-raiser of Dallas county, was born in Lucas I' county, Ohio, in 1837, the second of seven children born to A. H. and Lydia (Rappleye) Cole, natives of New York. The parents were married in the latter State, and in 1835 emigrated to Lucas county, Ohio, where they bought Government land. The father was a Baptist minister and also fol- lowed the occupation of farming. He re- mained in Ohio until near his death, which occurred in 1888; the mother survived him some years, dying in Texas in 1890. W. R. Cole, our subject, was reared and educated in his native State, and also attended the academy at Kalamazoo, Michigan, a few terms. He then engaged in farming, and in connection withjit followed surveying and had chargeof laying and planningcounty roads and ditches. He came to Dallas county, Texas, in 1875, and bought a partly improved farm, which he afterward sold. He now owns a good farm of over 200 acres, which is in a good state of cultivation, about three miles from the city of Dallas, and where he is also en- gaged in raising a good grade of stock. Mr. Cole was married in Lucas county, Ohio, in 1861, to Eliza Taylor, a native of that county and daughter of William and Mary (Corson) Taylor, natives of Pennsylvania. The parents moved to Lucas county in an early day, where the father became an extensive farmer and lumberman. His death occurred in 1884, and his wife died some years previous. Mr, Cole lost his wife by death in 1873, and by that union there was one child, Addie, now married to G. T. Godsy, of Dallas. He was agam married, in 1875, to Eva Balderson, a native of Lorain county, Ohio, and daughter of Robert and Jane (York) Balderson, natives of England. The latter emigrated to Loraiu county in 1849. Mr. Balderson still resides in that State. Mr. and Mrs. Cole have seven children: Mary, Willie, Robert, Thomas, Hattie, Clara and Bertha. The parents are both members of the First Baptist Church, and Mr. Cole is President of the Pleasant Yiew Alliance, a member of the Farmers' Alliance, and was the first President of the Central Texas Horticultural Association, which has since merged into the State Asso- ciation. As lecturer of the Dallas County Alliance, in 1891, he earnestly advocated the 518 HI STORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. Alliance "sub-treasury" plan, on account of which he was required to resign his place on the Democratic Executive Committee of that county, a matter which caused no little stir in the political circles of the State of Texas. -«fe ^*~ sOSES M. CLARK, of the firm of Curfman & Clark, Garland, was born in Cocke county, Tennessee, in 1843, the tenth child of Moses and Hannah (Robison) Clark, natives of North Carolina. The father was a farmer by occupation, and came to Tennessee prior to the birth of our subject, in 1841, and settled in Cocke county, where he engaged in farming. The paternal grandfather of Moses Clark died at tiie age of 104 years, and his son, the father of our sub- ject, was eighty-eight years of age at his death. He was twice married, and of his eleven children nine grew to years of ma- turity, viz: Mary P., the widow of Alex. Block, of Arkansas; George, deceased; Rachel, widow of Louis Coats, of Tennessee; Betsie, wife of D. Lillard; Nancy, wife of Monroe Lillard; Sarah, widow of James Clark; Eliza J., wife of Royal Black; Isaac, deceased, formerly a minister of the Methodist Epis- copal Church of North Carolina, and for some time a Presiding Elder of the church. Mrs. Clark died in 1865, and Mr. Clark was afterward married to Mrs. Varina Lillard. Mr. Clark died in 1875, at the age of eighty- six years, and his last wife died about the same time. M. M. Clark, our subject, receiv^ed his education in the common school of Ten- nessee, and at the age of twenty-one years commenced life for himself. He entered the Confederate army at the age of seventeen years, joining Comj)any C, Twenty-sixth Tennessee Regiment, commanded by Colonel John M. Lillard, of Meigs county, and Cap- tain Ed Allen. Mr. Clark participated in the battles of Fort Donelson, where he was captured and taken to Camp Morton, and after eight months was exchanged at Yicks- burg, Mississippi; his next battle was Mur- freesboro, Tullahoma, Chickamauga, and other engagements. His company was one of the five who captured the artillery and wagon trains of the late General Gillam, at Russellvilie, routing the opposing forces and running the fire over thirty miles. Mr. Clark was captured at Asheville, North Car- olina, but succeeded in making his escape. His captain was captured at the same time, and the two were confined in a house, and while the guards had their back turned they jumped through the door, and those suc- ceeded in making their escape. Mr. Clark was paroled at Kingston, Georgia, after which he went to Tennessee, but again re- turned to Georgia for four or five months. His first farming was done in 1866, in Mar- shall county, as a hired hand, but after one year he returned to Giles county, Tennessee, and remained until 1870. In that year he came to this State, locating a quarter of a mile from Garland, where he worked for two years on shares; next he rented land until 1883, when he bought seventy-five acres of partly improved land, paying $11 per acre, to which he afterward added seventy-seven acres and twenty acres of timber land. The 152 acres are now worth from $40 to $50 per acre. The firm of which Mr. Clark is a member was organized under the name of Williams, Curfman & Clark, but the latter has since bought Mr. Williams' interest in the busi- ness. For three years the firm has been Curf- man & Clark, dealers in dry goods, groceries HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 519 and hardware, carrying a stock of from $5,000 to $10,000, and doing an annual business of about 140,000. Mr. Clark was married in Giles county, Tennessee, August 8, 1867, to Miss Louisa Mull, a daughter of John Mull. She died July 4, 1875, and in 1878 Mr. Clark married Miss Adeline D. McDonald. Mrs. Clark is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and Mr. Clark is Past Master of tlie A. F. & A. M., Duck Creek Lodge, No. 441, and also a member of the L O. O. F., Garland Lodge, No. 304. mijr R. LAGOW, one of the prominent young farmers of Precinct No. 3 [* Dallas county, Te.xas, was born in Houston county, this State, in 1862. He was the second-born in the family of Richard and Ann (Murchison) Lagow, natives of Texas and Tennessee respectively. Richard Lagow was born in Houston county, Decem- 16, 1841. He was there engaged in farming and sawmilling, and was ranked among the leading citizens of the community. He took part in the late war as a private in the Confed- erate service four years, being with the forces that operated in Arkansas and Louisiana, The maternal grandfather of our subject was a native of Illinois, and was a farmer by occu- pation. Following are the names of the liv- ing children of Richard Lagow, and his wife (two having died): W. R. ; Lucia M., wife of Jack Witt; Liadie V., wife of I. D. Killing- worth; M. L.; Mary C; Samuel M.; Louella A.; Charles E. ; Minnie E. Mr. Lagow came to this county in 1879, and moved to a place adjoining the fair grounds of Dallas, a large tract of laud his father had located when Texas was a Republic. The fair grounds occupy a portion of the original tract, 4,444 acres. Besides this he also had other lands' in the county. The estate was divided among four sons, all settling on it and subsequently selling out, some of them going West. While he was one of the leading men in this county, Richard Lagow took no particular interest in political matters, voting with the Democratic party. He was an Elder in the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, and was a prominent member of the Grange. His death occurred in 1885. His wife died in 1887. She was also a member of the Cum- berland Presbyterian Church. W. R. Lagow was educated in the common schools of Houston county. He remained at home until after the death of his father, and at the age of twenty-two commenced life for himself. In 1887 he bought eighty acres of the Reiman survey, on which he now resides, paying for it $50 per acre, and in 1889 he purchased 127 acres adjoining it, for which he paid $37.50 an acre. Then, in Novem- ber, 1890, he bought 100 acres that joined on the southeast, the cost per acre for this being $40. Of this land he has 215 acres under cultivation. He also owns about twenty-six acres, adjoining the fair grounds, that is valued at $200 an acre. Mr. Lagow was married in 1886, to Miss Margaret A. Beeman, daughter of Scott Beeman. Three children have been born to them, viz: Lizzie; Eugene, who is dead, and an infant, who died August 1, 1891. Mrs. Lagow is a member of the Cumber- land Presbyterian Church, aud Mr. Laglow, ot the Farmers' Alliance. -^-^tnA/l/' -^ l/lfUXy^ tEWIS JACOBY, who for the past few years has been a conspicuous figure in local politics, is the subject of the fol- lowing brief biographical sketch: He was born in the State of Kentucky, Bourbon 530 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. county, in 1853. aud is a son of John Jacoby, deceased, lie passed an uneventful youth in bis native State, and enjoyed only the limited educational advantages afforded by the com- mon schools of that day. The public school system had not, at that time, reached a point worthy of the name of system, but he made the most of his opjwrtunities and acquired a fair practical education. After leaving the school-n>om, until 18S2, he was employed in various occupations; in that ^-tar he l>ecame Deputy Sheriff tg Benjamin Jones, and served in that capacity four years. In 1886 he was elected Constable of Precinct No. 1, and served with such tidelity that he was re- elected in 1888. In 1890 the people still further indicated their confidence in him by electing him Tax Collector for Dallas county. In a vigorous campaign he was chosen out of four candidates by the handsome plurality of 800 votes, lie entered upon the discharge of the duties of this otfice in Xoveml>er, 1890. On a total valuation of ^40.000.000 tlie bond of this office is ^350,000. The business of this official is to collect the State, county and occupation taxes, and the enormous aggregate renders it a very resjwusible position. Mr. Jacoby wa* married to Miss Villa Rock, a native of Iowa, and two sons have been born of the union. They own a beauti- ful home in Cak Clilf, where they enjoy many of the material and social pleasures of life. Politically, Mr. Jacoby affiliates with the Democratic party, and stanchly supports all all the issues of that botiy. C. SLAUGHTER. Dallas. Texas, is ranked with the wealthiest and most \'* successful stock men of the State, and also has large banking interests. His whole life has l^een passed in Texas, and devoted to the business in which he has made such signal success. C. C. Slaughter was born in Sabine county, Texas, February 9, 1837, son of George W. and Sarah (Mason) Slaughter, who are now honored residents of Palo Pinto county, Texas, the former seventy-eight and the hitter sixty-six years of age. Mrs. Slaughter is a daughter of John Mason and a relative of John y. Mason, of the Mason and Dixon Line. George W. Slaughter was born in Mississippi, and came to Texas with his parents in 1835, and for some time was en- gaged in farmiuff and stock-raisincf. The greater part of his life, however, has been spent as an itinerant Baptist minister, and as such he has been the means of accomplishing untold good. He graduated at Brush College, has been pastor of many a frontier charge, and still has regular work, preaching every Sabbath. He took part in the Indian and Texan wars, and was well and favorably known to General Houston, frequently com- manding that General's scouts. He is indeed a pioneer of the pioneers. The subject of our sketch is the oldest of a family of ten children. One was acci- dentally killed by a mule. The others are all living. AViien he was eighteen or twenty years of age. young Slaughter engaged in the stock business in company with his father, under the tirm name of G. W. & C C. Slaughter, raising, buying, driving and shipping stock. This partnership continued some ten years. They were also connected with the firm of McLearan & Slaughter, under which name they bought goods in New York and sold them in Texas for two years, doing an extensive mercantile business and ranking with the most prominent firms of that day. The' next business association with which Mr. Slangh- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 521 ter was connected was that of banking in Dallas, with Colonel Hughes, J. R. Couts and T. C. Jorden stockholders. After a few years C. C. Slaughter & Go. bought out the other stockholders and continued the banking busi- ness. Dallas at that time being the seal of his operations, he moved here, and here he has since resided. The firm of C. C. Slaughter & Co. opened and conducted the City Bank, the banking firm being authorized by the State in 1871. Colonel Hughes and G. W. Slaughter bought out the other partners, excepting Mr. C. C. Slaughter, and the two continued business under the same name. Colonel Hughes tak- ing charcre of the banking interests, and Mr. Slaughter the buying, selling and shipping of stock, etc. In 1879 they dissolved partner- ship, and since that year our subject has been doing business alone. The City Bank was subsequently merged into the City National Bank of Dallas. Mr. Slaughter remained with it until 1884, when he resigned and ob- tained a charter and had stock taken for the American National Bank and United States Depository, and of this institution he is vice- president. Mr. Slaughter was first married in 1860 to Miss Cynthia A. Jowell, daughter of James Jowell, of Palo Pinto county, Texas. Mrs. Slaughter was a devoted Christian woman and a member of the Baptist Church. She died in 1876, leaving a family of five children, as follows: George M., a prominent farmer and stock-raiser of Hale county, Texas, man- aging the Running Water ranch; Minnie, who is a graduate of the old Virginia Institute at Staunton, and who in 1886 spent six months in visiting various points of interest in Europe, is now the accomplished wife of Dr. G. T. Veal; Dela, wife of G. G. Wright, a prominent attorney of Dallas, has two chil- dren: Gilbert Long and Florence; Robert E. Lee, a stock-raiser and manager of the Long ranch in Dawson county, Texas, married and has one child, — Robert E. Lee, Jr.; and Ed- gar Dick, now attending the University of Texas, preparing for the law. In 1877 Mr. Slaughter was united in marriage to Mis. Carrie Averill, daughter of Rev. A. M. Aves rill, of Cambridge, Massachusetts, her father being a noted divine in the Baptist Church. They have four children: C. C, Alexander Averill, Carrie R. and an infant. The two sons, C. C. and A. A. are on the ranches with their brothers, learning the business with them. Mr. Slaughter and his wife are members of the Baptist Church. They have given their children good educational advantages and take solid comfort in their welfare. Mr. Slaughter is an unassuming business man, has a mind of broad gauge, is very de- cided in his views on church and State, but is willing that everybody should be entitled to his views — thinking nothing less of any one for his opinions — provided they are con- scientious. He is a liberal contributor to all charitable purposes and trusts the world will be none the worse by his being in it. fAMES SWEARINGEN THATCHER, who has been a resident of the State of Texas since 1872, was born in Chilli- cothe, Ohio, in 1848, and is a son of N. W. and Sarah B. (Swearingen) Thatcher. The father was a native of New London, Con- necticut, and was a druggist. He lived in Chillicothe, Ohio, until his death. The mother, who was from one of the oldest families of Virginia, died in 1886. James is the oldest son in a family of seven children. 523 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY- LFntil he was fourteen years of age he at- tended the common schools of his own State, and then entered the Naval Academy at Newport, Rhode Island, by appointment of President Lincoln. He was admitted Octo- ber 1, 1862, and resigned February 23, 1865, to enter the merchant service, sailing to Japan and China. This was a novel and de- lightful experience, but he finally resigned the position to enter Kenyon College, Ohio, from which he was graduated in 1871 with the degree of A. B. He was then employed by the Atlantic & Pacific railroad, but later took a position in the machine-shops at Springfield, Missouri. Leaving this work he was employed on the preliminary survey up the Arkansas and Canadian rivers for a branch of some road. After this was finished he came to Te.xas, in January, 1872. With the experience he had had in surveying he was not lon^ in finding work on the Houston & Texas Central and Texas & Pacific rail- roads surveys. In 1874 he came to Dallas city, and May 1, 1880, he was elected City Civil Engineer. He was elected a second time to the ofiice, and then had a private of- fice. From 1886 to 1888 he again filled the otfice, an then retired from official life. He has been busy in getting out plans and ex- ecuting work on his own account, and has met with great success. It was under his direction that the Ennis reservoir was con- structed, and he has recently been engaged in putting in the water works at Cisco, Eagle Pass, Gatesville and Beaumont, Texas. All the local engineering of the cable road in Dallas has been under his charge, and has been executed with great skill and prompti- tude. Mr. Thatcher was married in January, 1887, at St. Louis, Missouri, to Miss Ger- trude J. Adams, a native of Ohio, and a lady of high mental attainments. They have one son, Edwin A. H., born October 28, 1887. Politically, Mr. Thatcher adheres to the principles of the Republican party, but he is conservative in his opinions, and casts his vote according to his impressions of the fit- ness of the candidates. He is one of the deepest and most logical reasoners on politi- cal questions, and carries conviction with his arguments. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., of the I. O. R. M., and the Knights of Pythias. He also belongs to the Theta Delta Chi fraternity, and is a member of the Episcopal Church. ^. ^ ff B. H A R K I S O N, a farmer residing near Gibbs, in the northwest part of ® the county, is a son of Jonathan Tyler and Jemima (Osborn) Harrison, and a brother of William O. Harrison, a sketch of whom will be found in this work. Jonathan B., our subject, was born in Fairfield district. South Carolina, April 6, 1852, and was reared in Anderson district, to which place his parents had moved when he was two years old. He received an ordinary English education, and at the age of nineteen years, in 1870, became to Texas, making his first stop in Panola county, where he remained one year. Mr. Harrison next went to Marion county, and two years later, in the winter of 1878, came to Dallas county, first settling eight miles north of Dallas. One year later he moved to Grapevine Prairie, settling in the vicinity of Grapevine Springs, near where he now lives, and after the ex- piration of three years, during which time he rented land, he purchased fifty acres which lie improved, and afterward traded for his present farm. He has bought other land, and HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 523 now has a farm of 162| acres, 100 acres of which is under a fine state of cultivation. He raises an abundance of cotton and corn, also small grain, and is interested with his brother, William O., in the mercantile busi- ness at Gibbs, doing business under the firm name of W. O. Harrison Co. Mr. Harrison was married in Cass county, this State, December 3, 1873, to Nannie L. Gruhlis, a native of Anderson district, South Carolina, and a daughter of W. L. and Jane Grubbs, natives of South Carolina. The parents came from Anderson district, South Carolina, to Texas when Mrs. Harrison was thirteen years of age. Mr. and Mrs. Harri- son's fathers were comrades during the war. Mr. and Mrs. Grul)bs came to Texas in 1870, settling first in Rusk county, next in (^ass county, and afterward in Dallas county, and then in Young county, where they now re- side. Mr. and Mrs. Harrison have had the following children: Nannie J., Jonathan Tyler, William G., one deceased, Sallie E., James W., Mary J., Fannie L. and Gracie. Both he and his wife are members of the Baptist Church, and the former is a Dem- ocrat in his political views. IHARLES D. KANADY is one of the pioneers of Dallas county, and the following space will be devoted to a brief sketch of his career. He is a native of the State of New York, born in 1836, and is a son of R. E. Kanady, a native of New York State and a tinner by trade. His mother's maiden name was Manley, and she, too, was born in New York. Charles D. grew to be a lad of thirteen years, when he quietly took leave of his home, and wandered all over New England. He stopped in Maine long enough to master his father's trade, and in 1853 he took passage at Thomaston, Maiue> for the South. It was the trial trip of a new vessel, and landed at New Orleans. Thence he journeyed into Alabama and Mississippi, working at his trade. In 1858 he came to Galveston, Texas, and in 1859 he embarked in business at Waxahachie, Texas. When tlie war broke out between the North and South, he espoused the cause of the Confederacy and enlisted in Company C, Nineteenth Texas Cavalry. After a brief service in the field he was transferred, on account of his special fit- ness for the work, to the Quartermaster's de- partment, and remained there until near the close of the war, under Captain Alexander Howard. After the surrender he came to Dallas county and located in Lancaster, en- gaging in the hardware trade until 1868. In that year he came to Dallas city, which was then a village struggling for an existence. He opened a stock of hardware, and soou was encouraged to erect a large store-building on Jefferson street. He carried on his business in these quarters until 1872, and then dis- posed of his interests, and retired to a plant- ation. He tried fanning for eight years, but the life was not congenial to him, so he re- turned to his old occupation in 1880, which he has since continued. There are few men more widely and favorably known in Dallas county than Mr. Kanady. He is of a genial disposition, generous to a fault, and irre- proachable in his principles. In 1861, before he went to war, Mr. Kanady was united in marriage to Miss Jennie Miller, a daughter of W. B. Miller, who emigrated to the State of Texas in 1844. Mrs. Kanady was then a child of four years, and has passed all her life here. She is a con- sistent member of the Christian Church, and is a woman greatly admired for her many 524 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. excellent traits of character. Three sous have been born to onr subject and his wife, and all reside in Dallas. They are young men of good business qualifications and an honor to their parents. Tiie father is a member of the Knights of Pythias, and is a stalwart Democrat. EORGE MELLERSH has led a some- what adventurous life and has experi- enced the ups and downs of an active career. He was born in Surrey business county, E iiglaiid. in 1836, to Francis and Margaret (Brooker) Mellersh, the former of whom was a carriage maker by trade. He came to America in 1850 and settled in Memphis, Tennessee, where he was called from life tliree years later. Tlie mother also died in Memphis, her demise taking place in 1863. They were the parents of two children: Francis who is engaged in stock raising near Memphis, and George. The literary education of the latter was obtained in the land of his birth, and although he was anxious to secure a collegiate education, he was prevented from so doing by the immigration of his parents to Amer- ica. Upon the death of the father the family was left in poor circumstances and George at once began to make his own way in the ■world as a farmer on his mother's property, which calling he followed until 1853, when ho went to steamboating on the Mississippi and White rivers, continuing until 1855, when he volunteered in the JNintli Tennessee Infantry to go to Washington Territory to light the Indians, and in time became Or- derly Sergeant of Company K. In 1859 he was ottered a commission if he would stay in the service, but he declined and came back to Memphis via the Isthmus of Panama, reach- ing his old home in the month of August of the same year. The following November he was married to Miss Elizabeth D. James, a sister of Thomas James, the coal merchant of Memphis, soon after which event he began merchandising, but his business operations were greatly interrupted by the stirring scenes of the great Civil war. After hostili- ties had ceased he dealt in coal at Memphis until 1873, when lie came to Dallas via Ful- ton and Texarkana by stage, and first em- barked in the tannery business on Ross avenue, near the present business site of Jules Schneider. Succeeding this he traveled for a grocery house of St. Louis, his territory being in the Southern States, and during this time he introduced the first Texas-made flour, manufactured by Scott's Mills. One year later he took charge of Tompkins' coal interests, following which he sold agricultural implements for Tompkins Implement Company, making overland trips into the interior of the State. For a short time he was with Schneider & Davis but when Uliman & Co. moved to Houston and then to Galveston he re-entered their employ. Succeeding this he was with the clothing firm of Hochstadarch Bros., of New York, and three years later entered the ser- vice of C. Schepflin & Co., in New Jersey, his territory being the "Lone Star State." Such, in brief, is the business ex- perience of one of the most stirring and successful men of Texas. He is an ideal drummer, for besides being shrewd and alive to the interests of those he serves, he is genial, whole-souled and generous, and possesses a heart that has not become hardened by contact with the world. He is well ac- quainted with many of the most prominent business men of the State, by whom he is admired and respected for his many com- ^fd^/^.ii^'^ ^\ \ WJ 7 j% HISTORY OF DALLAS GOUNTT. 535 mendable qualities of heart and bead. He is a Master Mason, a member of the I. O. O. F., and in the former organization has become a Knit(ht Templar. He is Past Grand Com- mander of Tennessee. He was Grand Pa- triarch of tlie I. O. O. F. in 1871, and is Junior Grand Warden of tlie Grand Lodge of Tennessee. He was, in April, 1891, made a member of the Grand Lodge of Texas. He has always been a stanch Democrat, and for a number of years was an active member of the Central Baptist Church, of Memphis. In 1889 he built him a beautiful home in Dal- las, which has become well known for its generous hospitality and for the elegance and good taste of its appointments. Mr. and Mrs. Mellersh became the parents of eleven children, but only four are living: Fannie (Mrs. E. K. Martyn); Georgie, Cyrene, and Bessie. ,,^i|lLLIAM M. LUCK, of the firm of 7 \T, Luck & Coverton, of the Eagle Ford I'^ci;^ Mills, Dallas county, Texas, forms the subject of this biography. He has been identified with the interests of the county since 1860, and merits representation iq its history. Mr. Luck is a native of North Carolina, born in Rockingham county, September 14, 1830, son of John and Lucy (Gains) Luck. The father was born in Germany and came to this country at the age of twenty-six yeai-s, and the mother was a native of Virginia, daughter of Thomas Gains, who was reared in Halifax county, that State. Grandfather Gain§ was a soldier in the Revolutionary war. After the birth of William M., his father moved to Henry county, Virginia. Mr. Luck was reared in the Old Dominion, 36 with the exception of a few years spent with his parents in North Carolina. At the age of eighteen he became an apprentice to the trade of millwright, and after serving two years was made foreman, building mills through Virginia and North Carolina and doing an extensive business. He was mar- ried, in 1855, to Miss Ruth Dean, also a native of Henry county, Virginia, daughter of Edmund Dean and descended from an old Virginia family. Mr. Dean still resides in that State, having reached the advanced ao-e of eighty-eight years. October 18, 1859, Mr. Luck and his wife and two children, in company with his father's family and a party of neighbors, — over forty in number, — started with horse teams for the frontier of Texas, and after a journey of seventy-two days reached Waxahachie, Ellis county, where all but two of the company located. The following year Mr. Luck came to his present location and built the mill of which he is now proprietor. He built a mill at Pleasant Run for Hop & Miller, and afterward another for Miller. He subse- quently built one at Pater's Bluff and one at Cleveland. In 1867 he engaged in milling in Ellis county, conducting a successful busi- ness there for ten years. After that he came to Dallas county and located permanently. To him and his wife three children were born: John E., of Seymour, Texas; Emma, wife of J. H. Nichols, Haskell, Texas; and William, who died at the age of seven years. Mrs. Luck died in 1878. She was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, was an earnest Christian and a devoted wife and mother, and her loss was deeply felt by her family and many friends. Mr. Luck is associated with the A. F. & A. M., and in politics is a Democrat. He is a self-made man, the success in life to which he has at- 526 HI8T0RT OF DALLAS COUNTY. tained being the result of his own industry and foresight. He has accumulated con- siderable property, and by his honorable business dealings and upright life has won the confidence and esteem of his fellow citizens. ' t>=c ©: ::t' fOHN SPELLMAN, another one of the early residents of Dallas, Texas, came to this city in May, 1875, and engaged in work at his trade, that of machinist. Dallas at that time contained only about 4,000 in- habitants, and the business was confined chiefly to the public square, all business be- ing west of Lamar street. For some time Mr. Spellman was employed in the Trinity Iron Works. He has noted with interest the rapid development of the city and has been an important factor in advancing its best in- terests. Mr. Spellman was born in Memphis, Ten- nessee, in 1849, son of Michael and Catherine (Dougherty) Spellman. His father died in that city in 1873, and his mother still resides there. He was reared and educated in Mem- phis, served an apprenticeship to his trade, and worked at it in that city until 1875, when he came to Dallas. In August of the year following his arrival here he was married to Miss Florence Belle Patterson, a native of Dallas. Her parents, Judge J. M. Patterson and his wife were among the early settlers of the town and she was one of the first children born here. Prominent mention of Judjje Patterson will be found elsewhere in this work. After his marriage Mr. Spellman located on Ross avenue, and since that time has erected five residences on Ross avenue, all two-story houses except one, which is a fine cottage. Politically, he is a Democrat, and has taken quite an active interest in local politics; has served as Alderman from the Second Ward from 1882 to 1886; acted as Mayor pro tern, of the city one year; while in the City Council, served as a member of the School Committee; and was instrumental in pushing forward the vvork of paving many of the principal streets; was Chairman of the Street and Bridge committee when the first block was laid on the streets of Dallas; in 1886 he served an unexpired term as Super- intendent of Water Works, and in 1888 was Assistant Chief of the Fire Department. At an early day Mr. Spellman was a member of the Volunteer Fire Department. Socially, he is a member of Dallas Lodge, No. 44, I. O. O. F. He is Grand High Priest of the Grand Encampment and has been to the Grand Lodge a number of times. He is now Grand Lecturer and Instructor for the Juris- diction of Texas I. O. O. F. He is what may be termed a self-made man, having by his own industry and frugality risen to his pres- ent position of wealth and influence. Mr. and Mrs. Spellman have had two chil- dren, namely: John M., who is now fourteen years of age and is attending St. Edward's College, at Austin, Texas, and Francis who died at the age of three years and six months. Mrs. Spellman is a member of the Episco- pal Church. fOHN R. WEST, Dallas, Texas.— Robert J. West was born in Washington county, Tennessee, in 1812, and there married Mary Ann Ryland, a native of Washington county, Tennessee, and a daughter of John Ryland, who was Clerk and Sheriff of Wash- ington county for a period of thirty-three years, making during that time a most re- markable record for himself. The father of HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 527 our subject was a fanner by occupation, and in 18-45 lie removed to Dallas county, Texas^ locatiug at Farmers' Jiranch. This was before the State was admitted to the Union. For some service rendered lie received a grant from tin Government of 640 acres of land, which he improved and converted into a fertile plantation. He resided on this place until his death, which occurred in 1879. A part of the land is still in possession of the family. He was Treasurer of the county in early days, and was one of the first County Com- missioners. He was a consistent member of the old school Presbyterian Church. Mr. West was twice married: first, to Miss Couch liy whom he had one daughter, Juliet. His second marriage was to Mary Ann Ryland. Six children were born of this union: Helena, who first married T. J. Winn, and after his death Dr. C. C. Gillespie; John R., the subject of this notice; Annie R. ; Martha Alice, now Mrs. Floyd; Robert H.; and Mary Catherine, who died in infancy. John R. grew to manhood in this county, and received his early education in the pioneer schools. The first school he attended was taught by his mother in their own house, and later a house was erected for this purpose. He was afterward under the instruction of Prof. Hudson, and studied under some of the best-known educators of the time. AVhen he started out in life for himself he chose the occupation of farming, which he had followed for two years before the beginning of the Civil war. In 1861 he enlisted in Company C, Sixth Texas Cavalry, and served faithfully and gallantly until the surrender. He was promoted to the office of Lieutenant in rec- ognition of his courage. He participated in some of the most noted battles of the war, and was once wounded. When hostilities ceased he resumed his agricultural pursuits on the old homestead and remained there un- til 1874; he then cultivated a portion of the plantation independently, and in 1889 he re- moved to Dallas, and enofaged in the real- estate business. Mr. West was married in 1865, Septem- ber 3, to Miss E. W. Winn, a native of Ten- nessee, who came with her parents to Guada- loupe county, Texas, in 1853, removing thence to Dallas county in 1858. Mr. and Mrs. West are the parents of eight children: Cora, deceased; Ula; Gussie; Swift, deceased; Ann R., deceased; John R.; Retta; and one child who died in infancy. Politically, our sub- ject adheres stanchly to the principles of the Democratic party. Too much cannot be said in praise of those hardy pioneers who prepared the way for the great strides civil- ization has made in the past few years. Hearts less brave would have quailed before the undertaking, and hands less willing would have grown weary long before the struggle was ended. fTEPHEN C. ATTEBERY, an early set- tler of Dallas county, is a native of Hart county, Kentucky, and a son of Thomas Attebery, a native of South Carolina. The latter moved to Kentucky in an early day, and in April, 1834, he removed to Greene county, Hlinois, thence to Macoupin county, same State, where he lived most of his life, dying, however, in Macon county, in September, 1875, at the age of seventy-two years. Our subject's mother, nee Elizabeth Clement, was born and reared in North Car- olina, and also died in Macoupin county, Illi- nois, in 1838, aged fifty years. Mr. and Mrs. Attebery had eleven children, two of whom died young, and nine became grown, married and had families. 528 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. Stephen C, our subject, was born in Hart county, Kentucky, March 24, 1820, and was reared to the age of fourteen years in Gray- son county, that State. He accompanied his parents to Illinois in 1834. where he remained until June, 1846, and then entered the United States army, as a member of Company C, Captain Frye's First Illinois Regiment, under Colonel John J. Hardin. His company met at Alton, Illinois, where it entered the l*'irst Illinois, moved to New Orleans, where it took ship and landed at Port Lavaca, and moved overland to San Antonio. After five weeks stop there, it went to Presidio, on the Rio Grande, and there entered the Mexican ter- ritory. After a march of 140 miles, i« three days, it passed Monte Clover, Santa Rosa and Paris, reaching Saltillo, and was in the engagement at that place February 22, 1847. Mr. Attebery's regiment remained at Saltillo until ordered to Comargo, on the Rio Grande, and there, July 19, 1847, he was discharged. The men had their choice, either to return home by way of the Gulf of Mexico, trans- portation free, or to accept an amount equiv- alent to mileage and ship passage, and make their way home as they pleased. Mr. Atte- bery chose the latter and with three comrades, Alanson Doddy, Richard Bandy and James Brock, they obtained an outfit, crossed the Rio Grande at Comargo, traveled 200 miles through a wild country to San Patricio, twenty-seven miles above Corpus Christi, on to Nueces, tiience to Goliad, where they crossed the San Antonio river, thence to Chesholn's ferry, on the Guadaloupe, thence to La Grange, on the Colorado, thence to Washington, on the Brazos, and next along the old Comanche trail to the northeast un- til they reached the settlements in the vicin- ity of where Lancaster now stands. They reached the settlement July 12, 1847, and Mr. Attebery spent the first night with Sam- uel Keller. He had acquaintances in the vil- lage, and, in fact was engaged to l)e married to a young lady, a daughter of one of the settlers, to carry out which engagement was the object of this visit. He then took a headright of 320 acres of land in the south- ern part of the county, near where Hv»tch- ings now stands, and also 320 acres seven miles northwest of the present village of Lancaster. He settled on the former tract, and resided there from January, 1848, until some time in 1850, wheTi, his father-in-law having died, he moved to a part of his farm, about three miles west of Lancaster, where he has since resided. Mr. Attebery has owned considerable land in this county, having at one time as much as 1,500 acres, but which he has since divided with his children. He has been engaged in farming and stock-raising all his life, and, although past his seventieth 3'ear he still gives his attention to his busi- ness. He was married ten days after his arrival in this county, July 22, 1847, to Isabella Rawlins, a daughter of William Rawlins, orig- inally from Greene county, Illinois, where his daughter was born. Mr. and Mrs. Attebery had eleven children, viz.: Sarah Ann, who died in infancy; William Thomas, also de- ceased in infancy; William, who died when young; Annie, John J., Stephen H. and Lucy, who died young; Benjamin K., de- ceased; Mary E., deceased; Mattie J., and Millie, who died in infancy. Only four of these children are now living: Annie, the wife of Mr. Martin, of Hood county, Texas; John J., a resident of this county; Stephen H., of Lancaster, Dallas county; and Mattie, wifp of Alexander Mills, of Lancaster. The wife and mother died February 11, 1877, and Mr. Attebery was afterward married to Mis. HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. 589 Susan Wallace, widow of A. Wallace, of Dal- las county. Mrs. Attebery was born and reared in Wasliington county, Missouri, and was married first in Franklin county, that State, and came with her husband to Texas in 1874, settling in Dallas county. Mr. and Mrs. Attebery have one child, Joseph R. Mrs. Attebery's mother was a daughter of Thomas P. Stovall, a native of Kentucky. He subsequently moved to Missouri, where he married Judith Bass, a daughter of Tliomas Bass, of Washington county, Missouri. Mr. and Mrs. Attebery are members of the Christian Church. Mr. Attebery refused to enter the Confederate army during the late war, and is proud of the fact. Having fought under the old flag he loved it too well to raise his liand against it, and says he is uneducated and has never traveled, but knows enough and has seen enough to con- vince him that he lives under the best gov^ ernment that ever existed. JALTER CARUTH, a pioneer mer- chant of Dallas, was born in Allen *^^§^ county, Kentucky, February 1, 1826, the eldest child of John and Catharine (Hen- derson) Carutli, natives of Virginia. They settled in Kentucky in an earlj' day, where the father was engaged as a merchant and farmer. He came to Dallas county, Texas, in 1858, where he died in 1868; his wife died some years later. Walter Caruth was reared aud educated in his native county, and early in life began the mercantile busi- ness, which he followed for many years. He came to this county in 1852, and after con- tinuing the mercantile business until 1881 he purchased a farm of 900 acres, partly im- proved land, formerly owned by Judo-e Pat- terson. Mr. Caruth commenced the improve- ment of this land at once, and has also one of the finest residences in the city. In 1861 he entered the army, in Colonel N. H. Dar- nell's Regiment, and held the office of Com- missary of that regiment one year, after which he served as Quartermaster of Colonel Stone's Regiment. After the close of the war Mr. Caruth was appointed Quartermaster at Ty- ler, Texas, during the year of 1865. He was married in Dallas, in 1865, to Anna Worthington, a native of Mississippi, and daughter of Thomas and Rebecca (Hart) Worthington, natives of Kentucky. They settled in Mississippi in an early day, and later in Texas, where Mr. Worthington owned many slaves. He died in Mississippi, and the mother afterward came to Dallas county, wliere she subsequently died. Mr. and Mrs. Caruth have four children living, viz. : Mattie, wife of JV. A. McMillan, cashier of the National Exchange Bank at Dallas; Walter, William, and Ray. Both Mr. and Mrs. Caruth are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and politically, the former votes with the Democratic party, although not active in politics. f[OHN T. BEAVER, of precinct No. 3, [ Dallas county, was born in Lawrence county. South Carolina, February 18, 1835, a son of Thomas Nancy Beaver. The father was born in North Carolina, August 1, 1792, and lived in that State until his ma- turity, when he moved to South Carolina, and was there married to Miss Nancy H. Night, about 1809. The mother was born in that State, August 14, 1794, and was but fourteen years old at the time of her mar- riage. Mr. Beaver was a farmer, and fol- 530 HISTOliY OF DALLAS COUNTY. lowed that occupation until the war of 1812, when he moved to Gwinnett county, Georj^ia, and remained there until his death, which occurred January 15, 1849; his wife died May 17, 1872. They were the parents of fourteen children, and the mother lived to witness the marriage of all. The names of the children are as follows: Charlotte F., wife of Hiram Thoniison, of Walton county, Georgia; William, deceased, married Ma- lenda Martin; James R. was married to Mar- garet Ellison, and died in Georgia, in 1890; Mary, wife of Abraham Jackson, who, after his death, married Edwin Johnson, and is still living in Georgia; Susan, wife of Will- iam Brooks, resides in Milton connty, Georgia; Nettie, is the widow of Richard Mayo, and lives in Clayton county, same State; Margaret, deceased, was the wife of James Johnson; J. T., the subject of this sketch; Thomas, who died in Gwinnett county, in 1862; Washington, who died in South Carolina, in 1865; Andrew, died in Arkansas, in 1878; Frances M., a resident of Dallas county; and Nancy, wife of J. R. Langley, resides in Clayton county, Georgia. John T., our subject, remained in Georgia until the war, when he enlisted in Company A, Second Georgia State Line, and served three years in that regiment, after which he was detailed as Scout by Captain Brice, and served in that capacity until the close of the war. After the close of the war Mr. Beaver returned to his family and farm, but during his absence had lost everything in the way of stock, and had to commence anew in life. He farmed until 1869, when he moved his family to Texas, coming by rail and water, and landing in Dallas without money. After renting land three years he bought 100 acres, December 25, 1872, to which he afterward added 170 acres and now owns 270 acres, under the best of cultivation, and worth about S40 per acre. This place is now cultivated by ten- ants, which affords him a comfortable income without work. Mr. Beaver was married December 3, 1845, to Miss Irene P. Brown, of Gwinnett county, Georgia, and they have had fourteen children, only twelve of whom reached ma- turity, viz. : William; Elizabeth, wife of J. W. Gannaway; James S., who died suddenly of heart trouble; Andrew J.; John H., who died in college; Ellen, now deceased, was the wife of D. W. Miles, and left one child; Margaret, wife of J. W. Gannaway; George; Sarah, wife of Joseph Castle. Mr. and Mrs. Beaver are both members of the Baptist Churcii, of which the former has been a member for eighteen years. ■^ '^ lOLONEL JOHN M. STEMMONS, deceased, was born in Logan county, Kentucky, August 21, 1830. His parents were well-to-do in their possession of this world's goods, but they appreciated tlie importance of labor in all the successes of life, and consequently trained their children to work with their hands as well as with their minds. At the proper age Colonel Stem- mons was placed in the Cumberland College, in Princeton, Kentucky, where he received a collegiate education, and at once began the study of law, under the tutorship of the Hon. F. M. Bristow, father of the gentleman who served in President Grant's cabinet, as Secre- tary of the Treasui-y. Having acquainted himself with the elementary principles, and with the great authors in legal literature, he at once entered the law department at Leb- anon, Tennessee, where he graduated, and at once set out to build for himself the honor- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 531 able name and enviable reputation he after- ward enjoyed. He located at Greenfield, Missouri, September 10, 1855, and was not long in forming acquaintances and in estab- lishing himself in the paying practice of his profession. In politics Colonel Stemmons was devoted to the principles and teachings of the old-time Whig party, and as a mem- ber of the same he supported Bell and Everett in the great campaign of 1860. With the defeat that followed that canvass, and the victory that perched upon the banners of the Republican party, he saw the signs of war, and began to prepare for the struggle that followed. He was in sympathy with the South and when Colonel Clarkson's Fifth Regiment of Missouri State Guards was organized, the name of John M. Stemmons appeared in the list of its privates. This command was one of the first to gather round the standard that was raised by that fearless chieftain. General Sterling Price, when he drew from its scabbard his trusty sword and rushed to the South. Thirteen days after his enlist- ment Colonel Stemmons was promoted to the rank of Captain, and assigned to duty as a staff officer, in which capacity he witnessed the overthrow of General Lyon, at Wilson's creek, where Generals Price and McCulloch gained one of the most signal victories of the late war. Colonel M. W. Buster, then Ad- jutant of Clarkson's regiment, having been disabled by a bayonet wound in this engage- ment. Colonel Stemmons was ordered to take his place, and as such he bore himself gal- lantly in the engagement at Dry Woods, which soon followed. It was Clarkson's reg- ment that brought on this battle, and for over thirty minutes, in the open prairie, it withstood the onslaught of the entire Federal force with its line unbroken. Colonel Stem- mons had his horse wounded under him in this enaacrement. In all the marches and counter-marches made by General Price in 1861, and in all the battles and skirmishes he fought with the enemy. Colonel Stemmons bore his part, and when the enlistment of the regiment expired, he declined to lay down his arms, and again enlisted as a private in a battalion of State troops. While serving as a picket, with no notice or knowledge of the cotnplimeat he was receiving, he was elected Lieutenant Colonel of the command, and as its leader he rode at its head at the battle of Elk Horn, in Arkansas, where he was slightly wounded. The terra of enlistment of this regiment e.xpiring in a short time, Colonel Stemmons volunteered for the third time as a private soldier, but this time he went into the Con- federate army, determined that whatever des- tiny might fall upon the South the same should be his fate. He did not long remain a private, for just as the battle of Lone Jack was coming on, he was elected to the Cap- taincy of a splendid company, whicli he led in this engagement. The Colonel was severely, and by his surgeon pronounced fatally, wounded in this battle, and before his recovery the country fell into the hands of the enemy, and he became a prisoner of war while endeavoring to pass their lines. He was sent to the military prison on Gratiot street, St. Louis, which place he reached dur- ing the Christmas week of 1862. There were ninety-one Confederate prisoners sent into St. Louis, none of them more than half- clothed, and all forced to march through deep snow, to wade all the streams that appeared along their route, without even being per- mitted to take of their shoes, and at night they were forbidden to secure a sufficiency of wood to keep them warm against a terrible 533 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. winter. After reaching Springfield, in the face of a tierce snow storm, those ninety-one heroes were run into St. Louis on liat cars, ex- posed to every torture tliat could be inflicted by winds that pierced like icicles theii- ema- ciated forms; and when tiie prison was at last reached one of their party fell dead at the door, while their persons were being searched for arms. Major Campbell, of the Eighteenth Iowa Regiment, commanded the escort, and to his credit be it said that he denounced in unmeasured terms the brutality of the prison commanders iu not providing some sort of shelter and protection for the prisoners. In less than two months thirty-five of these men were called to their final rest, but they breathed their last as Confederates, preferring death rather than disgrace. Colonel Stemmons made his escape from this prison with two others, and in finding his way back to the Southern Army experi- enced some of the rarest evidences of patri- otic devotion at the hands of the women of Missouri, and one of her most gifted sons. He was clad in good clothes, mounted upon a reliable buggy horse, and, having received all the information and directions necessary, he set out for Little Rock, where he rejoined his command. He was again wounded, shortly afterward, in the battle of Helena, and was one of the few who escaped death or capture iu the terrible slaughter that followed in the charge upon Fort Curtis. When Gen- eral Banks undertook his Red River expedi- tion, Colonel Stemmons was in the number of those who opposed him. He served in all the campaigns conducted by Kirby Smith, and surrendered at Shreveport, where he was Lieutenant Colonel of the Sixteenth Reg- iment of Missouri Infantry, and as such brought the command to St. Louis, where it was disbanded. The Colonel went to Rich- mond, where he joined his wife and children, but was permitted to enjoy only a few days of peace, surrounded by his family. He was arrested by militiamen, commanded by Fletcher, under some pretext, and, not fancy- ing the company that was thus unceremo- niously thrust upon him, effected his escape and went to Illinois. Having no money he engaged with a Mr. French, who resided eight miles west of Springfleld, and was put by him to cutting corn, at the rate of fifty cents per shock, at which he was able to earn from $1.40 to $1.65 per day. He was not long in finding out that Mr. French was a Southern sympathizer, and he told him his true story, and gratefully accepted the posi- tion of schoolmaster, which his new-made friend was able to secure for him, at a point some eighteen miles east of Springfield. He taught this school under, an assumed name, until he was able to defray his expenses to Oxford, Mississippi, wliere he again obtained employment as a teacher, and in the mean- time sent for his family to join him in his new home and new sphere of action. Being unable to see any remuneration from the practice of his profession, and being desirous of returning to it, he determined to emigrate to Texas, which he accordingly did. May 16, 1868, he reached Dallas, and at once estab- lished his home in this city, with less than $80 in his pocket. His subsequent success teaches its own lesson. Colonel Stemmons liecame one of the leading men in this com- munity, capable as a lawyer, true as a friend, and enterprising as a citizen. In testimony of his great personal worth, the following episode of the war, in which he bore a prom- inent part, is here committed for the first time in ])rint: During his captivity the army was reor- ganized under General Hindman, who issued HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 533 orders that no one seould be elected to office unless present and ready for duty. In the face of this order his old company unani- mously re-elected him to be its Captain. Gen. Hindman disapproved of the election and or- dered another, but his men without a dissent- ing voice again named hiui as their leader, and this time the General approved of their action. For this expression of their regard Colonel Stemmons declined the Lieutenant- colonelcy of a cavalry regiment, preferring to remain a Captain with men who had proved themselves so sincere in their friendship for him. In 1857 Colonel Stemmons married Re- becca Serena, a daughter of Judge Matthias W. and Mary A. Allison, of Greenfield, Dade county, Missouri. To this union were born ten children, as follows: Walter E., born in 1858; Beverly L., born in 1860, married Miss Addie Ballard, and was acci- dentally killed in 1890; Harriet Ann, born in 1863, married William L. McDonald, who died in 1888; Mary Belle, born in 1867, died when young; Lillia Belsterling, born in 1869, died in childhood; Cora Lucille, born in 1872; Leslie A., born in 1874; John J., born in 1878, died in infancy; Sidney A., born in 1879; Robert L., in 1882. Judge Allison died in Missouri in 1877, and his widow, who was born in 1803, now resides with her daughter, Mrs. Stemmons. Colonel Stemmons died of consumption May 4, 1890, and was buried with distinguished honors. ill. EDWARD J. HALLUM, a physician I and surgeon of Oak Cliff, Texas, was born in Fairfield district, South Carolina, April 22, 1849, a son of Colonel Richard A. R. and Margaret (Martin) Hallum, natives of South Carolina. The mother's parents were mar- ried in Scotland, and afterward came to this country. The father's parents were from England, and two brothers, William and Henry Hallum, came from that country and settled in Virginia before the Revolutionary war, both participating in that struggle. William was an officer of his regiment, and on one occasion, having been captured, the British officer became enraged, drew his sword, and was about to split his head. Mr. Hallum drew his revolver and shot the officer dead, and then made his escape into South Carolina. The family afterward changed their name from Hallam to Hallum. Will- iam had a family, but its members are unknown. John, one of his sons, reared a family of nine children, six of wlioin were boys, and his son Bazzil was the grandfather of our subject. Colonel Richard was an ex- tensive and practical farmer, owning a large plantation in South Carolina. His residence, which cost 110,000 in gold, is still standing, near Winsboro, South Carolina, and is the only one in that neighborhood which was not burned during the late war. He was the father of nine children, and about 1856 he settled with his family in Anderson county, Texas, where he owned a plantation of about 1,200 acres. He was Colonel of the militia many years, and was solicited by friends to represent his county in the Legislature, but declined the position. He weighed 200 pounds, and was a fine specimen of physical, intellectual and moral manhood. Socially, he stood high among a large circle of ac- quaintances, and his name was almost a syn- onym for honesty, integrity and golden-rule dealings. Three of his sons, Robert G., Bazzil and Richard, took part in the late war as privates. Robert and Richard returned, but Bazzil was shot in the battle of Sharps- burg. He was in Captain Gaston's com- 534 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. pany, and was serving as an officer in a most closely contested engagement. The color bearers were shot down one after another, and when others would not raise the colors he carried them for a time, but in the hot engagement he, too, fell to rise no more. His two messmates, William and Clarence Wren, returned and told the sad news. The names of the four living children are: Dr. Richard, of Brownwood, Texas; Margaret, wife of D. Y. Milling, of Anderson county, this State; Edward J., our subject; and John M., a far- mer of Anderson county. The subject of this sketch was educated in the Dallas and Woodland College, graduating at the latter in 1864. He then read medi- cine under his brother, Richard Hallum, and afterward graduated in the Medical Depart- ment of the University of Pennsylvania, in the class of 1874. After graduating he im- mediately began practice at Kickapoo, An- derson county, Texas; four years later went to Tehuacana, this State; next was at Brown- wood eight years; resided near the coast one year, and in 1892 moved to Oak Cliff. He was engaged in the drug business in connec- tion with his practice while in Brownwood, and also served as County Physician during his entire stay there. He has been an ex- aminer for a number of insurance companies. Dr. Hallum was married February 14, 1875, to Miss Floretta E. Erwin, a daughter of Colonel S. A. Erwin, of Oak Cliff. To this union have been born seven children, viz.: Edna L., Vasca F., Forrest R., Nina L., Eppa B., Dixie O. and Queen. The parents are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, and the father also affiliates with the A. O. U. W., the K. of P., and is a mem- ber of the blue lodge, chapter and cotn- niandery, F. & A. M. Dr. Hallum has performed many surgical operations, having amputated several limbs, arms, a number of tumors of different kinds, — on one occasion removed an eye, — and has made an ex-sec- tion of the tibia and fibula. He trephined the skull when another noted physician said " it was the only thing that would save his life, but he would die on the table, and he did not care to attempt it." The patient is still liv- ing and doing well. The Doctor has a good reputation as a physician and surgeon, is a late but valued accession to Oak Cliff, is public-spirited and progressive in his views, and is such as gives character to a community. AMPSON K. LEWIS was born in Wil- son county, Tennessee, September 1, 1846, son of Carroll and Hannah (Adams) Lewis. His father was also a native of Wilson county, Tennessee, born in 1815. He was killed by robbers at Lavergne, in April, 1865. Sampson K. was present, saw them shoot him and saw him fall, but was power- less to give him any assistance. The mother died in Tennessee, in December, 1878, at the age of sixty-four years. They had eleven children, whose names areas follows: William R.; George W.; Elizabeth J., wife of William Bogle; Nancy A., wife of Richard B. Chum- bley; Mary F., wife of John W. Roberts; Peggy P., wife of Elijah F. Robinson; Samp- son K. ; Cynthia, wife of William D. Allen, is now deceased; Susan H., wife of Samuel Cooper; Frankie, wife of Benjamin Sutton; Peter F. Of this large family all are living except one. Sampson K. Lewis was married, March 4, 1868, to Miss Clara McMillen, who was born June 29, 1849. Her parents, Ptolemy and Jane(Marler) McMillen, were born in the year 1827 and were married in 1847. The names HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 535 of their seven children are Clara, wife of the subject of this sketch ; Rebecca, who was first married to W. T. Dodd and afterward to T. P. Somers; Mary J., wife of Thomas Ruyle; Harriet, wife of John Keene, is deceased; Martha, wife of Isaac Eaton, is deceased; James; Tennessee, wife of Beed Erwin, is deceased. After his marriage Mr. Lewis came to Texas and settled in Dallas county near Housley. After renting land for seven years he bought an improved farm of ninety- two acres, the place on which he now lives. To his original purchase he has since added other lands and is now the owner of 325 acres, 136 of this being under cultivation and 250 acres fenced. To Mr. and Mrs. Lewis eleven children have been born, viz.: Josie, Samuel M., James C, Wilson, George W., Roxie, William, Peter, Rosie B., Grover Cleveland and Goldie May, all living. Josie was first married to John Cox. Her present husband is John Orr. Politically, Mr. Lewis is a Democrat. He and his wife are members of the Missionary Baptist Church, and two of their children are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Lewis is eminently a self made man. When he landed in Texas he had only $16 in money, and that he invested in a cow. By honest, earnest work, economy and good judgment he has secured a competency, and is regarded as one of the wealthy and influ- ential citizens of his community. fE. GROVES, a Dallas county farmer, residing near Garland, dates his birth * in Rutherford county, North Carolina, May 18, 1833. Jesse Groves, his father, a farmer by occu- pation, was born and reared in North Caro- lina, in the above named county, his birth occurring February 18, 1800. In 1838 he moved his family to Tennessee, where he died, on the 14th of February, 1857, aged fifty- seven years. His wife, who before her mar- riage was Miss Margaret Long, was born in 1811 and was a native of the same county in which her husband was born. They reared a family of ten children, whose names are as follows: Nancy, Andrew, William, John, J. E., Sarah, George, Jane, Daniel and Sophro- nia. Nancy married Richard Proctor and Sarah became the wife of Samuel Shiply. Jane is deceased. J. E. Groves was the fifth- born of the family and was twenty-five years old when his father died. In May, 1857, he enlisted in the Twenty-ninth Tenuessee Regiment, Confederate States of America, and served until 1865. He participated in a number of important engagements and was with the forces that followed Sherman on his memor- able march, being forty- two days constantly under fire, and during that time never had his accouterments off. In all his service he was never wounded or captured. On the 25th of April, 1865, he was surrendered in North Carolina, after which he returned to his home. December 24, 1868, Mr. Groves was united in marriage to Miss Ruth Ballanger, who was born in Tennessee in 1844, February 19. Her father, Elijah Ballanger, was born in 1805 and died in 1872, aged sixty-seven years. His first wife was nee Ruth Edwards, and by her he had seven children. After her death he wedded Mrs. Nancy (Hedelston) who died at the age of sixty years. By his last companion he had a family of six chil- dren, Mrs. Groves being one of these. The names of the others are: J. E. Parlea, Mary Ann (who died when small); Thomas, Frances 536 HISTOBT OF DALLAS GOUNTY. and Sam. To Mr. and Mrs. Groves have been born seven children: John F., Elijah, Sophro- nia, William, Samuel, Nancy and Thomas. John F. died at the age of eighteen years. Mr. Groves dates his arrival in Texas in November, 1872, he and his brother, William Q., having made the journey from Tennessee in wagons. When they landed here they only had $5 between them. But tliey went to work in earnest and soon had money enough to buy the farm they had rented. They purchased 155 acres at |20 per acre. They still farm together. By making im- provements of various kinds they have greatly enhanced the value of their land, it now be- ing worth twice the price they paid for it. Mr. and Mrs. Groves are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. fRANCIS MARION MILLICAN, a prospei'ous farmer of Dallas county, is .jf a son of Benjamin F. and Rebecca (How- ell) Millican. The father, a native of Ten- nessee, removed to Alabama when a young man, settling in Jackson county, where he died in 1840, at the age of thirty years. He was a blacksmith and gunsmith by trade, and followed the same all through life. The paternal grandfather, Solomon E. Millican, was a native of Ireland, and came to Amer- ica when a young man, settling first in In- diana and afterward in Tennessee, where he subsequently died. Our subject's mother, Rebecca Howell, was a native of East Ten- nessee and a daughter of Caleb Howell, an early settler of that State. She died in Jack- son county, Alabama, in 1856, at the age of forty-seven years. Mr. and Mrs. Millican's children arc: Solomon E., a resident of Tar- rant county, Texas; Caleb, who died in in- fancy; Susan, also deceased in infancy; Francis Marion, our subject; Nancy, de- ceased in infancy; Benjamin F., whose sketch appears in this work; George, who died a few years ago in the Creek nation; and Mary, the wife of Joseph Milam, of Sebas- tian county, Arkansas. The subject of this sketch was born in Grainger county, Tennessee, October 6, 1832, but was reared in Jackson county, Alabama- In the fall of 1858 he emigrated to Missouri' settling in Newton county, wliere he enlisted, in 1861, in the Confederate army, in Com- pany E, Missouri State Troops, under Captain Ed.McCulloch. He served in the Trans-Missis- sippi department, and was with Price on his raids in Missouri, taking part in the battle of Oak Hill, Missouri, Elk Horn, Arkansas, Pleasant Hill, Louisiana, and Saline River, Ar- kansas. Mr. Millican served in the ordnance department, and received a gunshot wound in the left thigh at Saline River, Arkansas. He was twice captured, first in Newton county, Missouri, at the opening of the war, and next in the Indian Territory, while try- ing to make his way to the Confederate lines. He was mustered out at Shreveport, Louis- iana, June 1, 1865, after which he came to Dallas county, Texas, and later went to Tar- rant county, where he was engaged in a mill one year. He then bought a small farm, of the George Burgoon survey, from R. B. Mirrell survey, which he improved and sold in 1883, to Ben Croley. The same year Mr. Millican bought the place where he now lives, in Grape- vine prairie, near the Tarrant county line, where he has 141 acres of black land, nearly all of which is under cultivation. He was married June 9, 1870, to Martha D. Fergusson, a native of Mississippi, and a daughter of William Elkanah Ferguson. Mr. and Mrs. Millican have had eight chil- BISTORT OP DALLAS COUNTY. 537 dren, viz.: Joseph E., Walter Lee, Dewitt Clinton, Charles Marion, Addie, Martha Lilly, Sallie Frank and Thomas Jefferson. Mr. Millican is a Mason, havinsj become a member of the Grapevine Lodge in 1871-'72, and is also a member of Estelle Lodge, No. 570, of this county. -*5^ (EOKGE S. FUQUA, a prominent citi- zen of Dallas county, is a son of Joseph and Anne (Mosby) Fuqua. The father, a lawyer l)y profession, was born and reared in Henrico county, Virginia, and afterward practiced his profession in Cumberland and Eiickingham counties, same State. He was a Biiccesssul criminal and civil lawyer, enjoying a large practice; owned a large plantation on on the James river, known as Bear Garden; was prominent in politics, being a life-long Democrat; held a number of responsible public positions, and accumulated a large fortune. He was born December 9, 1800, and died at his plantation in Buckingham county, in 1870. Our subject's mother, nee Anne Mosby, was born in Buckingham county, Virginia, a daughter of Hezekiah and Mary Lipscomb. She died in her native county in 1860, at the age of lifty-eight years. Mr. and Mrs. Fucjua's children were: William, a physician of Cumberland county, Virginia; George S., our subject; Joseph, a teacher of Osyka, Mississippi; Samuel, a farmer of Buckingham county, Virginia; and three daughters. George S. Fuqua, our subject, was born in Cumberland county, Virginia, in June, 1825, and was reared to farm life in that and Buckingham counties. He followed that occupation a short time in the latter county, and then, in 1852, came to Texas, settliug in San Augustine county, where he served as Deputy Clerk of the Circuit Court a num- ber of years, under Ben F. Benton, a nephew of Thomas H. Benton. In 1862 Mr. Fuqua enlisted in the Confederate army, in Com- pany A, Nineteenth Texas Infantry, Walk- er's Division, and served in the Trans-Missis- sippi Department. After the close of the war he returned to San Augustine and remained about four years; then he moved to Jefferson, Texas, and engaged in buying cotton until the fall of 1878, when he canie to Dallas, and carried on the same business. Mr. Fuqua was married at Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia, in February, 1849, to Anna E. Jones, who was born in that county, and a daughter of Dr. Davis C. Jones, also a native of that county. Mr. and Mrs. Fuqua have a pleasant home in West Dallas, where they have reared a family of four children, viz.: George C, a farmer of this county; Davana, the wife of J. A. Bishop, of Dallas county; Joseph, who is engaged in the lum- ber business of Texarkana, Arkansas; and Willie, the wife of F. M. Clower, who re- sides in West Dallas. [ALVIN TAYLOR, deceased. Nature, ||LK,, no doubt, intended Mr. Taylor for a long and more than ordinarily useful life, but, alas, for human hopes and expecta- tions, he was cut down in tiie very zenitli of his manhood and at a time when his nature was bright with promise. He was born in Greene county, Illinois, December 2, 1831, and came to Dallas county, Texas, in the lat- ter part of the '50s, and was married on the 14th of August, 1856, to Harriet Emeline, daughter of Thomas M. Ellis, a sketch of whom appears in this volume. They first 538 BISTORT OP DALLAS OOUNTY. settled in Lancaster, this county, where they resided until December, 1859, when Mr. Taylor purchased a farm one mile from the village of Lancaster, consisting of 350 acres on which he settled and where he resided until his death, which occurred November 1, 1862, at Forest, Mississippi. He was a farmer all his life, and a fairly successful one. The place which he purchased in 1859 has en- hanced in value, and now affords a comfort- able home to his widow and children. They had two children, a son and daughter: Will- iam, who married Ida, daughter of Irvin Lav- ender, and Eda, who was married to Charles T. Orr. Mr. Taylor entered tlie Confederate service at the opening of the Civil war, fenlisting in Captain Rawlins' company, which was re- cruited from the vicinity of Lancaster. After remaining in the service for a year he was taken sick and compelled to return home, and his brother Perry took his place. It was while absent at Forest, Mississippi, to take his brother's horse to him, that he was taken sick and died. He was a man who possessed many estimable traits of character, and his untimely death was mourned, not only by his immediate and sorrowing family but also by all who knew him. fOHN C. STOREY, D. D. S. and M. D., was born in Greene county, Alabama, May 12, 1836, and is a son of Dr. Jolm and Jane C. (Holland) Storey, natives of South Carolina. The father was one of the pioneer physicians of Alabama, and purchased liis lands from the (Tovernment before it was a State. He was greatly respected for his high, moral character, and was sincerely mourned at his death, which occurred in September, 1862. The mother of John C. survived until April 16, 1890, when she passed away at the old homestead in Greene county, Alabama. They reared a family of ten children, nine sons and one daughter; six are still living, and reside in Alabama, with the e.xception of the Doctor. He passed liis youth in Alabama, and received his literary education in the high school. At the age of nineteen years he began the study of medicine with Dr. Charles P. Sanders, of Clinton, Alabama, as preceptor. He read under his direction for a year and a half, and then entered the Atlanta Medical College. He was graduated in 1857, with the degree of M. D., and immediately began the prac- tice of his profession. From 1857 to 1860 he was located in Greene county, Alabama, and then removed to Louisiana. At the be- ginning of the war he enlisted in the Nine- teenth Louisiana Infantry, Company C, as a private, and was soon appointed hospital steward. He saw some active service, bnt in July, 1862, he was discharged on account of ill health. He returned to his home in Alabama and resumed the practice of medi- cine until October of the satne year, when he re-enlisted as Assistant Surgeon. He was not present at the battle of Chickamauga, but did field service thereafter the battle. From this time to the close of the war he was busily engaged in caring for the sick and wounded. After the war was ended he was married to a daughter of the Rev. Dr. E. E. Wiley, of Emery, Virginia, a lady (if rare mental at- tainments. Four children were born of this union: John E., Clarence L., Virginia E. and Medora Jane. Dr. Storey engaged in the practice ot his profession at his old home in Alabama for two years after the war, when he determined to take up the study of HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 539 dentistry. In order to carry out tins pur- pose he entered the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, and was graduated in 1869 with the degi-ee of D. D. S. He then spent one year in Virginia, going at the end of that time to Eutaw, Greene county, Alabama. He formed a partnership with Dr. R. E. Watkins, which existed until 1874. For one year he practiced there alone, and then came to Dallas, Texas. He is one of the first members of the profession to settle here, but the discouragements that meet the pioneer were bravely faced by him, and he is now well established in a fine practice. He is a member of the Southern Dental As- sociation, of the Texas Dental Association, and is ex-president of each. He is the originator of the move organizing a grand dental congress in Chicago in 1893. Dr. Storey has been a member of tne Pres- byterian Church for almost half a century. His wife was reared in the Methodist Episco- pal Church, but later in life united with her husband's church. She died June 27, 1891, and her remains were interred in Trinity Cemetery. She was a pious woman, and her life was given to deeds of charity. Politically the Doctor atiiliates with the Democratic party, and is an ardent supporter of the issues of that body. IHARLES F. ALTERMANN has re- sided in Dallas county since 1874, and on account of the eminent position he occupied for many years in the profession of journalism, is fully entitled to a space in this record of the leading men. He is an American citizen by adoption, having first seen the light of day in the city of Leipsic, Germany. When he was a lad of eleven years his parents emigrated from the Father- land to the United States, and located in New Orleans. The parents soon after died in that city, and by force of circumstances Charles F. was thrown upon his own re- sources. He was apprenticed to learn the printer's trade at Mobile, Alabama, and when he had served out his time he went to New Orleans and worked on the Gazette for a while. In 1874 he came to Texas, and had not been in the State long before he located in Dallas, and estalilished the Texas Volksblatt. He edited this sheet from 1877 to 1889, when he sold out to the Texas Post. The Volksblatt had a daily and weekly edition, and was the best representative of German sentiment in the South. Clear, forcible, and fearless it uttered no uncertain sound, a safe and thoroughly reliable guide on all questions pertaining to the public welfare. On retiring from the field of journalism, Mr. Altermann engaged in the real-estate business, but still retains his interest in pub- lic aifairs. He was president of the Maifest, a German May-day festival, and under hie energetic management it was a brilliant suc- cess. Politically he affiliates with the Re- publican party, which sent him to their national convention at Chicago, in 1888, and he is candid and open in the expression of his sentiments without being intensely partisan. He is a member of the Turn- verein, the singing society (Frohsinn), Sons of Hermann, and the Knights of Honor. He has all the social traits characteristic of the Teuton, and is an acknowledged leader in German society. At present he is connected with the Nord Texas Presse, a new German paper started by the German citizens of Dal- las, upon the withdrawal of the Texas Post to Galveston, whence they came in 1888. 540 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. In 1880 he was uuited in raarnage to Miss Louise Schultz, of Houston, Texas, and six children were born to tliem, live of whom are living. JHARLES A. FLOYD, a prominent farmer and stock-raiser, of Hutchins, Dallas county, Texas, has been identified with the best interests of this county since 1848. Mr. Floyd is a native of Illinois, born in Greene county, June 28, 1840, a son of George and Nancy (Finley) Floyd. His father was born in Vermont in 1811, and when a lad of eight years was bound out. At the age of eighteen he left liis home and went to New York, and after remaining there for a time went, in company witli the noted Joseph Call,to niinois. That was about 1829. There he engaged in various occupation?, and in that State was married to Nancy Finley, a native of Illinois, and daughter of John Fin- ley. John Finley had moved from South Carolina to Illinois at an early day. The grandmother of our subject was captured by the Indians, was held in captivity for several years, and was rescued, at a great expense, by her father. After his marriage Mr. Floyd purchased a farm in Greene county, improved it, and continued to reside there until 1848, when he came to Texas, making the jouimey with horse teams and being four weeks en route, landing in Dallas county just before Christmas. Previous to this the father had come Soutii, had taken a headright in Peters' Colony, and had built a cabin, and when he returned with his family moved to this place. He was accompanied by John Conoway, Anthony Fisher, George Martin and William Spencer and their familes. Mr. Floyd at once began the improvement of his new home, and remained there farming and stock-raising as long as he lived. He and his wife were the parents of five sons, viz.: David H., who died in 1863, at the age of thirty- four years; Charles A., tlie subject of this sketch; Oscar, who died in Illinois during the war, aged nineteen; Caswell B., a minister in the Christian Church, died in November, 1890; and Alfred B., a resident of Dallas county, Texas. Mrs. Floyd was a member of the Baptist Church. The father died in March, 1884, and the mother is also de- ceased. Charles A. Floyd was eight years old when he came to Texas, and on his father's frontier farm he was reared, receiving his education in the common schools. He remained with his parents until the breaking out of the late war, and in July, 1861, he enlisted in Company F, Sixth Texas Cavalry, and served in the west- ern army until the battle of Corinth. He participated in the battle of Pea Ridge, luka and Corinth, and was taken prisoner. He then took the oath of allegiance and returned to his home, after being absent four years. He at once engaged in farming, and that occupation has since claimed his attention. January 13, 1867, Mr. Floyd was united in marriage with Miss Angelina E. Metlock, a native of Kentucky and a daughter of Ab- salom and Nancy Malvina (Harris) Metlock, of that State. The Metlock family came to Texas in 1852 and settled near where Mr. Floyd now lives. They had a family of five children, Mrs. Floyd being the oldest. The others are Amanda, Joseph, Eliza and Thomas A. Mrs. Metlock died in 1862, at the age of thirty-five years, and Mr. Metlock in 1865, at the age of thirty-eight. After his marriage Mr. Floyd settled on his present farm, which he first rented and sub- sequently purchased. He now owns 200 acres '^J^ \ HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 541 of land, including a partof the Metlock and his father's homesteads. He and his wife have eleven children, as follows: Oscar M., of Greer county, Oklahoma; Lora E., wife of Joseph Boyd, also of Greer county, Okla- homa; Finley E., Augusta M., Absalom, Lannie, King David, Elvia, Eula, Donia and George. Mr. Floyd is a member of the I. O. O. F., Trinity Lodge, of Dallas, No. 198, and of the Caddo Tribe of I. O. R. M., Dallas, Lodge No. 8. He is a member of the Farmers' Alliance and is vice-president of the organ- ization at Hutcliins. fAMES P. GOODNIGHT, deceased, set- tled in Dallas county, Texas, November 19, 1854, and for many years was a prominent citizen of the county and an im- portant factor in promoting its best interests. Briefly given a sketch of his life is as follows: James P. Goodnight was born in Allen county, Kentucky, November 21, 1831, a son of Henry and Jane (Billingsly) Good- night. His father was a native of Kentucky. His great-grandfather came to this country from Germany on account of religious per- secutions, settling in Virginia before the Eevolutionary war and subsequently going to Kentucky. Two of his brothers went to the latter State at a very early period to pre- pare a home for the family, and one of them was killed by the Indians and the other was wounded but made his escape. The mother of our subject was a native of Allen county, Kentucky. Mr. Goodnight was reared on a farm and received an academical education. He re- mained with his parents until his marriage, which event occurred September 21, 1854. to 30 Miss Mary A. Hill, a daughter of Isaac and Pelina (Carter) Hill. Her father was a native of Virginia and a son of Jesse Hill, a descendant of an old Virginia family that moved to Tennessee when he was a child. He was reared in Wilson county, that State, and there married to the above named lady, a native of Davidson county, Tennessee. Her grandfather emigrated to Tennessee from North Carolina, and was among the very first pioneers of that part of the country. In two weeks after their marriage, Mr. Goodnight and his wife with several other families started for Dallas county. They made the journey with horse teams; the roads were poor and bridges few, and they were six weeks en route. Arriving here, he purchased 220 acres of land, on which was a small field fenced in and a little log cabin. The cabin served them as a home for five years, after which they built a small frame house, and from time to time added to it until they had a commodious and well appointed residence. Here Mr. Goodnight followed farming the rest of his days. For many years he was prominent in local affairs. He was elected the first Constable of precinct No. 7, and served one year. Some years later he was elected Assessor and Collector of Dallas county, and served two terms of two years each. At the breaking out of the late Civil war, he entered the service and was connected with the commissary department in Mississippi, Texas and at other points. After the war he was again elected Assessor of the county and served several years. During the war and previous to his entering the army, he served one term in the Legislature. His death oc- curred February 11, 1885. He was a mem- ber of Wheatland Lodge, Dallas Chapter and the Royal Arch degree of the A. F. & A. M., Dallas. In politics he was a Democrat. He Ml BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTT. and his wife were both members of the Cum- berland Presbyterian Cliurch. of which he was a ruling Elder. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Good- night were thirteen in number, nine of whom lived to be grown, namely: Jane P., wife of A. H. Nash, of Dallas; Isaac Henry, of this county; Amanda Ellen, wife of W. T. Gracey, of Stephens county, Texas; Thomas M., of Dallas; John B., of this county; Fanny L. ; Frank H.; Allie M., wife of B. F. Johnson; James P. William B. died at the age of ten years, and the others died in infancy. ;R. JAMES THOMAS BAKER, a phy- sician of Dallas, was born in Talobusha county, Mississippi, February 14, 1844, the third of eight children born to Milton and Minerva C. (Hodge) Baker, also natives of Mississippi. The parents were married in that State, and at an early day emigrated to Tennessee, settling on a farm, where the father died in 1852, and the mother in 1857. After the death of his parents, Mr. Baker, our subject, was taken to Shelby county, Hlinois, where he was reared by John M. Friedley to the age of twenty-three years. He attended the district schools of that county, and after reaching maturity he first engaged in gardening at Cobden, Union county, Hli- nois, and a few years later he took a two years' course at the Southern Illinois College at Carbondale, and afterward commenced reading medicine at home. In 1878 he en- tered the American Medical College at St. Louis, Missouri, graduating from the class of 1879. He continued the practice of medi- cine at Fairfield, Illinois, for a few years, and in 1890 he came to Dallas, Texas, where he gives his attention strictly to chronic dis- eases. After leaving Fairfield he went first to Clay city, thence to St. Louis, and next to Texas, where he built up an extended practice. The Doctor was married at Fairfield, Illi- nois, in 1880, to Laura C. Hanks, a native of Scott county, Missouri, and a daughter of Green and Catherine B. (Stanley) Hanks, the father a native of Murray county, Tennessee, and the mother of McNairy county, same State. The parents were married in Tennes- see, and at an early day removed to Scott county, Missouri, thence to Pulaski county, where the father was a merchant. His death occurred in that State in July, 1860, and his widow now resides at Tioga, Grayson county, Texas. Mr. and Mrs Baker have one child, Miltun H. Socially, the Doctor is a mem- ber of Decatur Lodge, No. 142, I. O. O. F., at Decatur, Texas, and both he and his wife are members of the Christian Church at Dallas. fONES GKEEN, deceased, was promin- ently identified with tiie early settle- ment of the south part of Dallas county, and was one of the representative citizens of the same. He was a son of Hon. John Green, a native of Kentucky, borti in 1776, who remained in his native State until 1819 and then moved to Greene county, Illinois, where he passed the remainder of his days, his death occurring in 1840. He represented Greene county in the State Legislature three successive terms and vvas a member of that honorable body when his death occurred. He was a Democrat in polities and quite a prominent and influential man. He was a soldier in the war of 1812. His occupation through life was farming and stock-raising and in this he was successful, accumulating HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 543 considerable property. In 1814 he married Miss Nancy Means, a native of Georgia, born in 1796. She was reared partly in this State and partly in Kentucky, whither her parents moved when she was a child. They remained in the Bine Grass State until 1812, when they moved to Greene county, Illinois, where their daughter, Nancy, married Mr. Green. Mrs. Green was a worthy and con- sistent member of the Baptist Church and died in Greene county, Illinois, in 1854, when tifty-eight years of age. To Mr. and Mrs. Green were born fifteen children, who are named in the order of their births as follows: Jones; Malinda, now the widow of Mr. Goar, who resides in Dallas county; Singleton F., resides in Greene county, Illinois; James R., deceased, was a resident of Greene county, Illinois; William R., resides in the last named county; Elias, in the same county: John, deceased; Thomas E. and Evans E. (twins); Allison P., deceased; Wade H., de- ceased; Lucy, deceased; Mary, deceased; Lorana, deceased, was the wife of Hampton AVitt, deceased; and Joseph B., deceased. The subject of this sketch, Jones Green, was born in Greene county, Illinois, August 29, 1817, and was reared on a farm in that county. He was married there on the 11th of July, 1844, to Miss Mary Ellis, a native of Greene county, Illinois, born January 29, 1826, and the daughter of Thomas M. Ellis (see sketch). The fall succeeding his mar- riage Mr. Green and wife moved to Dallas county, Texas, and took np 320 acres of land two miles southeast of the present town of Lancaster, in the south part of the county. Later he and Captain Perry bought 640 acres of land in the county, each having 320 acres, and later he took up 320 acres more. He erected a cabin, began making improvements, and here his death occurred, November 12, 1864. He was a plain, unpretentious man, honest, industrious and just in all his deal- ings. He is mentioned with special gratitude by many of the old soldiers whose wives and children he provided for during the Civil war, by being disqualified for military ser- vice on account of trouble with his eyes, and rendered the Lost Cause none the less efficient service by caring for the families of tliose who were at the front. Mr. and Mrs. Green have had the following named chil- dren: John Thomas, born January 17, 1846, who died in this county recently; William Russell, born August 17, 1849; Lonzo Worth, born March 24, 1852; Calvin Atlas, March 15, 1854, and died February 17, 1875; Jackson Witt, born July 11, 1856, and died January 29, 1884; Lucy Angeline, born December 17, 1858, is now the wife of Will- iam Curry, of Dallas county; and Carry Lee, born Februarj 7, 1863, and is now the wife of Evans Curry, of Lancaster. Mrs. Green has resided on the old homestead since her husband's death and manages it with much success. She is a lady possessed of more than ordinary executive ability, and is highly es- teemed in her community. Those of her children now living are married and have homes of their own. ILLIAM Q. GROVES was born in Rutherford county, North Carolina, October 7, 1828. His early life was spent in Tennessee. In 1856 he was there married to Miss Jane Ballanjjer, whose un- timely death occurred February 14, 1858, after a happy married life of two years. She died without issue. (For history of Mr. Groves' parents and also of the Ballanger family, see the biography of J. E. Groves in this work.) 544 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. William Q. was engaged in farming on rented land in Tennessee nntil the outbreak of the war. In May, 1861, he enlisted in the Twenty-ninth Tennessee Regiinent, and served in the Confederate army until 1865. For three years he was with the Twenty- uintli, after which he joined Morgan's cav- alry, remaining with him until the close of the war, taking part in many of the hatly contested battles. During all his service he was only once sent to hospital, and that time from an injury received from a horse kick. Mr. Groves came to Texas with his brother, J. E., and has since been engaged in farming with him. He is a member of the Duck Creek Masonic Lodge, No. 441, at Garland; is also a member of the Presbyterian Church. jANIEL BECHTOL, of Garland, was born in Frederick county, Maryland, ^ January 13, 1824, a son of Lewis Bech- tol, a native of Berkeley county, yirginia. The latter moved to Maryland when a young man, where he was married to Miss Cathe- rine Williams, and they were the parents of twelve children, of whom Daniel was the eleventh child. The father died in 1852, at the age of sixty-eight years, and the mother lived to the age of ninety-three years and six months. Only seven of the twelve chil- ren lived to be grown, viz.: Elizabeth, wife of Thomas Ringor; Catharine, the wife of Daniel Keafauver; Hannah; Mary M., wife of Teter Culler; M. M., wife of George Ney- kirk ; John, who died in Ellis connty, Texas; and Daniel, the only surviving son of his father's family. Daniel Bechtol was married to Miss Ma- hala Biser, in 1846, and they had seven chil- dren, namely: Lucinda F., wife of Edward L. Coblent; Mary C, wife of L. M. T. Flook; William H., who died at the age of nineteen years; John L., a resident of Ohio; Daniel W., Edward C. and Charles E., who live in Texas. After his marriage Mr. Bechtol lived and farmed on the old homestead until 1874, when he moved to Texas and bought 310 acres where he now lives. He had the misfortune to lose his wife the same year he came to this State, she having died October 25, 1875. November 22, 1877, he was married to Miss Elizabeth Babington, and they were both members of the Lutheran Church. His first wife was a member of the German Reformed Church. ILLIAM B. NELSON.— This gentle- man is another one of the pioneer farmers of Dallas county, and is just- ly entitled to appropriate mention in this volume. He came here from Kentucky in the fall of 1854, making the journey by wagons, coining via Memphis and Little Rock, and being forty-five days en route. Jesse Nelson, his father, was a native of Virginia, moving from there to Kentucky at an early day. He was a cabinetmaker by trade, and was employed as overseer after moving to Kentucky. His wife was before her marriage Miss Nancy Barland. William B. is the youngest of his father's family. He was born in Monroe county, Kentucky, Octo- ber 5, 1822. The names of his brother and sisters are Anna J., who married John Kirby and is deceased; John; and Jesse, who is deceased. Mrs. Nelson came to Texas with her son, and died at his house in 1878, at the age of eighty-two years. William B. Nelson was married, January 16, 1862, to Miss D. F. Armstrong. For history of the Armstrong family see the biography of W. P. Armstrong. In part- EI STOUT OP DALLAS GOV NT Y. 545 nership with his brother-in-law, John Kirby, Mr. Nelson purchased 505 acres of land. They afterward divided it equally between them and Mr. Nelson subsequently sold seventy-three acres of his portion. Still later they bought 213 acres more, which they also divided in equal parts. Mr. Nelson now owns 286 acres of fine black soil that will grow anything indigenous to the State. He has 110 acres under cultivation, and the whole farm fenced. He has built a good house and made various other improvements. Like many of the pioneers of Dallas county, Mr. Nelson endured hardships and priva- tions; but with bravery he overcame the ditiiculties as they presented themselves, and is now in well-to-do circumstances, his land being worth at least $40 per acre. During the war Mr. Nelson enlisted in the Confederate army in 1863, and took an active part in a number of important en- gagements. To Mr. and Mrs. Nelson have been born fifteen children, nine of whom are living, namely: Margaret J., wife of Burrell Poun- der; William J., who married Rosie B. Har- ris; Andrew; Sarah E., wife of John Pel ton; Robert; Nancy E., wife of Thomas Webb; John and Frances, twins; and Martha. The parents and five daughters are members of the Christian Church. |DMUND D. SOWEPtS, a merchant and farmer, residing twelve miles west and a little north of the city of Dallas, was was born in Davidson county. North Caro- lina, a son of Henry and Mary (Walker) Sow- ers, the former a native of North Carolina and the latter of South Carolina. The pater- nal grandfather, Philip Sowers, was born in Germany and came to America when a young man, settling first in North Carolina and later in Pulaski county, Illinois, where he died at an advanced age. Mr. Sowers' mother's people were comparatively old settlers of South Carolina, and originally of English ex- traction. Henry Sowers was reared in David- son county. North Carolina, where he re- mained until moving to Pulaski county, Illi- nois, in 1827. He was a farmer by occupa- tion, a plain and unpretentious citizen, and a successful business man. He died in Pulaski county, in 1855, at the age of sixty-three years. After the death of the father the mother came to Texas, where she made Jier home with her son, the subject of this sketch, the remainder of her life, dying at his resi- dence in July, 1871, at the age of seventy years, five months and fourteen days. Henry Sowers was twice married, and by the first union there were six children, three girls and three boys, all of whom are now deceased. By the second marriage there were eight children, six boys and two girls, six of whom reached maturity, viz.: Edmund D., our subject; Sandy, deceased; Lydia, who died at the age of four or five years; Alfred, who died in the Union army, leaving a wife and two children; Levi, who left home when a young man, went to Mississippi, married there, entered the Confederate army from that State, was married a second time, and died at Memphis, Tennessee, leaving one child, five years old, who was raised and is now hap- pily married and has five children; Noah, who died in this county some years ago. Edmund D. Sowers, our subject, was born October 4, 1826, and when one year old his parents removed to Pulaski county, Illinois. In 1827 he came to Texas, making his way overland with one yoke of cattle, and settled in Dallas county in 1856, in the vicinity of 546 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTT. where lie now lives. He soon afterward bought 320 acres of laud of the George Par- sons headright survey, on the edge of Grape vine prairie, on which he settled July 22, 1857, and where he has since resided. At that time there were only four or five families settled in the western part of Dallas county, and the county was new and unimproved. The place on which Mr. Sowers settled had about four acres broken, and a rail pen for a house, but he began at once to make improve- ments, and made the rails and carried them on his shoulder with which to build his fence. He fenced all of the 320 acres, cultivated 100 acres, built a comfortable two-story frame house, also barns and outbuildings. Mr. Sowers has owned a great deal of land since settling in the county, buying and selling as occasion offered, but has disposed of all his landed interests except the old home place and twenty-five acres of timber land. He still owns a house and lot in West Dallas, valued at $1,200, and three vacant lots. Hav- ing considerable mechanical genius, he began the blacksmith's trade when a young man and followed it many years in early life, and also after coming to Texas. In 1877 he erected a store near his house, and be- gan the mercantile business, which he has followed successfully ever since. In 1883 he obtained the establishment of a mail route between Dallas and Grapevine, in Tarrant county, and has also secured a postoffice at his place, which was called Sowers, and where, with the exception of three years, he has been Postmaster up to July, 1890. Mr. Sowers was married in Pulaski county, Illinois, October 11, 1853, to Freelove Thomp- son, who was born in Riclhand county, Ohio, December 10, 1824. They have never had any children of their own, but have reared six orphans, by all of whom they have done well, not only in the matter of rearing but have provided for them when they started out in life for themselves. Mr. and Mrs. Sowers are both members of the German Reform Church, and are pious, exemplary Christians. Mrs. Sowers was first married to William Bryant, October 29, 1846, and had three children, two of whom died in infanc}'. The other, Ellen, married Martin Wilson, an ex Confederate soldier, and has two children iving. ff D. McCORMICK, a prosperous farmer I of Dallas county, was born in Ouachita * county, Arkansas, February 5, 1849, a son of John Caswell and Mary Elizabeth (Da- vis) McCormick. The father, a native of Ma- rion district. South Carolina, moved to Washington county, Arkansas, in 1847, later to Ashley county, satne State, and in 1868 to Texas. After coming to this State he resided for three years in this county, one year at Farmers' Branch and two on Grapevine prairie, and then moved to Denton county, where he died February 22, 1872, at the age of hfty-one years. In early life he was a school teacher, having followed that occupation about eighteen years, but after coming to Texas he engaged in farm work. He enlisted in Ash- ley county, Arkansas, in the Confederate ser- vice, and served eighteen months, or until the close of the war. Mr. McCormick was a member of the Methodist Church, and was an upright and respected citizen. Our subject's mother, nee Mary Elizabeth Davis, was a daughter of Ben Davis. She was a native of Alabama, and moved to Arkansas with her parents when ten years of age, and is living in Denton county, this State, children of Mr. and Mrs. McCormick Randle; James Davis, our subject; Joseph now The are: HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 547 Addison, who resides in Red River county, this State; John Thomas, a resident of Den- ton county; Daniel Webster, who died at the age of seventeen years; Tliaddeus Sebastian, of Denton county, William Willis, a resident of Crockett, Texas; Catherine Priscilla; Henry and an infant daughter at home. The subject of this sketch was reared in Ashley county, Arkansas, and came to Texas in 1868, settling in Dallas county. He set- tled where he now lives in 1875, his father- in-law having given him a small place to which he has since added until he now owns 198^ acres, 115 acres of which are under cultivation. Mr. McCormick also owns 120 acres of timber land, and property in Fort Worth. He was married in this county, June 20, 1872, to Miss Mary Ellen Crowley, a daughter of Benjamin F. and Edna Crow- ley, natives of Tarrant county. Mr. and Mrs. McCormick have one son and a daughter, John Caswell and Mary Edna. Both he and his wife are members of the Missionary Bap- tist Church. ^ANIEL ALBERT STUART, who is classed among the prosperous and pro- gressive men of Dallas, Texas, was born in Vermont in 1846, and is a sou of M. S. and Mary (Markham) Stuart; the father is employed by the Government at Burlington. Our subject is of Scotch descent and is re- lated to the Stuarts of that country. He passed his boyhood and youth in his native State, receiving his education in the public schools, and then began business for himself. He was first in the Empire saloon in Cincin- nati, Ohio, was afterward in business in Ken- tucky, and in 1872 came to Texas. He passed some time in traveling over tlie State and then located at Waco, where he remained for some time. He has been enoaged in the cattle business and has also dealt largely in Dallas real estate. He founded Coney Is- land Jockey saloon in 1885, and is a man who thoroughly understands his business. He is one of the wide-awake, thorough going busi- ness men, and his success is assured. He is a member of the B. P. 0. E. lodge and was Treasurer of the same for some time. In politics he advocates the principles of the Democratic party. He takes a deep interest iu all worthy enterprises and is one of the most progressive men in North Texas. He is not married. |PPS G. KNIGHT has been a life-long citizen of Dallas county, Texas, born in 1858, a son of O. W. Knight, one of noblest and most excellent of the early pio- neers, a full notice of whom appears in con- nection with an older son, G. A. Knight. Our subject inherited many of those traits of character which placed his father in the front ranks of the county's honored citizens. He received a thorough education in English branches at Rock Seminary, and early mani- fested that clear perception and keen judg- ment which have marked all his transactions in the business world. After a brief course at Marvin College, and a more extended one at the business college at his own home he started out to seek the fortune which exists in the mind of every ambitious youth. His health was not rugged, so he went to Eureka Springs, Arkansas, and for a time was em- ployed as a clerk in a dry-goods store. When he was stronger he took up the occupation of his father, and began the management of his father's estate which comprised 1,000 acres. 548 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. He was very successful in this undertaking and through his skill and industry the earth yielded to hiui her richest stores. Fine horses and cattle were bred, abundant har- vests were gathered, and Mr. Knight soon took rank among the leading agriculturists of the State. The marvelous growth of Dallas brought the plantation within reach of the city. He purchased the property for $40,000, organized a syndicate, and sold it for $125,000. He then turned his attention to real estate, and built some of the most substantial and capa- cious blocks in the place. He is one of the directors of the North Texas National Bank, and is closely connected with its manage- ment. In 1887 Mr. Knight was united in mar- riage to Miss Fannie L. Fatton, of Alabama, a lady of much refinement and culture. Three children have been born to them: Mattie Lee died at the age of eleven months; Epps Browning and William H. The par- ents are worthy members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and few laudable enter- prises have failed to receive their support and a generous contribution of their means. Mr. Knight is a member of the Knights of Pythias. He is one of the rising men of the New South, a citizen whom Dallas will al- way, be proud to claim. K. LUCAS, a farmer and dairyman of Dallas county, was horn in Meigs ''* county, Tennessee, on January 30, 1848, the youngest of five children born to Thomas and Narcissa (Wanimock) Lucas, natives of Georgia and Virginia respectively. The father was a soldier of the war of 1812, and in an early day moved to Tennessee, where he pre-empted and improved a farm. In 1851 he emigrated to Ozark, Arkansas, and in 1853 to Dallas county, where he bought and improved a farm of 280 acres, paying §1.50 per acre. His death occurred in this county December 15, 1877, and the mother still survives, residing with our sub- ject. The subject of this sketch was reared to farm life and educated in the public schools of Dallas county, and also aided in opening up the home farm. On his seventeenth birth- day he eiilisted in Colonel Warren B. Stone's regiment, and served until the close of the war. Politically, Mr. Lucas is a member of the Democratic party, but is not active in politics, and religiously both he and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Oak Lawn. He was married in this county, in 1873, to Alice Cole, a native of Texas, and daughter of James M. and Sarah (Bennett) Cole, natives of Tennessee. The parents came to Texas in 1843, settling in Dallas county, where the father died in 1883; the mother is still living in Dallas. Mr. and Mrs. Lucas have five children, namely: Thomas M., James C, Narcissa Etta, Laui'a, and Alfred Warren. ^.ENDEPtSON B. CO YLE, a farmer of Garland, Dallas county, was born in this county, September 13, 1858, a son of Henderson Coyle, a native of Carroll county, Arkansas. The father remained in his native State until 1854, when he came to Texas, settling with Peter Colony in Dallas county, where he had previously taken a claim of 320 acres. He improved part of his land, which he afterward sold and then improved the remainder, where he subse- quently died. He was born February 10, HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. 549 1833, and married forty -three years ago Miss Eboline Parker, who still resides on the old homestead. Mr. and Mrs. Coyle reared a family of four children, viz.: Clemuel C, born December 23, 1848; Emily J., wife of R. J. Richards, was born February 18, 1852; Marion C, born November 10, 1855; and Henderson B., born September 13, 1858. The father was called out several times in de- fense of his country, but owing to the weak- ness of his eyes he returned to his home. The last time he was called to Shreveport, where he died, at the close of the war. Henderson B., was only seven years old at his father's death, after which he lived with hifc mother and worked on the farm until the age of twenty-one. After his marriage he settled on his present farm of eighty-two acres, which was given to his wife by her father. Here he has built a fine residence, has the farm cleared and fenced, and in a fine state of cultivation. He was married December 1, 1878, to Miss Nancy M. Mills, who was born September 17, 1863, and daughter of Edward Mills. Mr. and Mrs. Coyle have had three children: Luvillia, born September 14, 1879; Norah Ebline, January 21, 1882, and Letha Matilda, July 6, 1884. The parents are botli members of the Christian Church, and the father is also a member of the Masonic order, Duck Creek Lodge, No. 441. I^ENRY NOETZLl, deceased.— This gentleman was a native of Switzerland became thoroughly Americanized, and one of the most prosperous and useful citizens of Dallas county, Texas. Briefly given, a review of his life is as follows; Henry Noetzli was born in Zurich, Swit- zerland, April 20, 1831. He remained there engaged in farming, until he was thirty-five years old. In the fall of 1856 he was united in marriage with Miss Anna Schmid, who was born there the same year he was. He emigrated to America in 1867, came to Texas and located in Dallas, and the follow- ing year he was joined by his wife and daugh- ter. For ten years he was engaged in teaming in Dallas. Then he purchased a farm of 110 acres, which he conducted and on which he lived ten years. During all this time he had been successful, had made money, and, what was more, had saved it. Finding himself advanced in life and in easy circumstances, he bought a choice location in Garland and built a house. His wife died on the 25th of January, 1890, at the age of fifty-nine years, leaving an only child, Anna, who, with her little son, Henry Noetzli, resides at the home- stead. Politically, Mr. Noetzli was an ardent Re- publican. He voted with that party when there were but few Republicans in the county. At the last election there were fifty Republi- can votes cast here. Mr. Noetzli was ap- pointed Postmaster of Garland by President Harrison, and was filling that office most acceptably when he met with a fatal accident, his horse running away and upsetting the buggy. He died three days afterward, March 3, 1892. In connection with this sketch, it should be further stated that Mr. Noeizli's father, Henry Noetzli, lived and died in Switzerland, passing away in 1890, at the age of eighty- seven ypars. His mother's maiden name was Margaret Shebley. She, too, died in her native land, her death occurring in 1876. They were the parents of five children, viz.: Barbara, wife of Henry Frick of Dallas; Anna, wife of John Lienberger; Henry; Jacob, and Regula, wife of Felix Albright. 550 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. In company with his daughter and grand- son, Mr. Noetzli expected to spend the sum- mer of 1892 on a visit to his native land. He had already made one trip to Switzerland since locating in America. Although the old country and the seeues of his childhood pos- sessed charms for him, he preferred the land of his adoption for a home. ILLIAM J. BORAH, of Dallas county, is a son of Lee and Catherine [(Render) Borah, and is of German ex- traction. His paternal great-grandfather was a native of that country, and came to Amer- ica in Colonial times, settling in the Susque- hanna valley of Pennsylvania, where his son, our subject's grandfather, was born. The latter at an early day came by way of Pitts- burg, and down the Ohio river on flat-boats, and settled in Butler county, Kentucky, when that country was almost a wilderness. For many years he was engaged in rafting and flat-boating between points on the Ohio river and New Orleans, and died at an advanced age in the county of his adoption. Our sub- ject's father, Lee Borah, was born in Butler county, Kentucky, February 10, 1808, and passed his early years in flat-boating on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers. He married Catherine Render, of Ohio county, Kentucky, a daughter of Joshua Render, a pioneer of western Kentucky. On account of his wife's health, Mr. Borah came to Texas in 1856, settling in Dallas county, where he purchased 320 acres of land lying on Grapevine prairie, whicii was then unimproved. He spent the remainder of his life on that farm, dying in 1877, at the age of sixty-nine years. His wife died at the same place, in 1851, and she and her husband are buried at the Bear creek cemetery, near by. They were both mem- bers of the Baptist Church, and were the parents of six children, all but one of whom reached maturity, viz.: Christopher C, who enlisted in the Confederate army at the open- ing of the war, and died from cold contracted on a forced march at Arkansas Post, during his term of service; the next child, a daugh- ter, died in infancy; William J., the subject of this sketch; Jane, the wife of A. H. Boyd, Tax Collector of Tarrant county; Martha A., wife of Thomas Powell, of Grapevine' prairie; Rosie A., wife of J. P. Terrill, of Eliz.-tbeth- town, Denton county, Texas. William J. Borah, our subject, was born in Butler county, Kentucky, August 27, 1842, and was fourteen years of age when his par- ents came to Texas. His youth was passed on a farm, and in February, 1862, lie enlisted in the Confederate army, in the First Texas Squadron, and saw his first service at Chatta- nooga, Tennessee. After that battle he was in Gano's command, and was with General John Morgan in his celebrated raid in Ken- tucky and Ohio, and participated in all the fights, marches, thrilling adventures and wild orgies which characterized that most wonder- ful military expedition. He was with Mor- gan at the time of his capture, and was near him when he was taken. He was captured with the remainder of the command, and after spending a short time at Indianapolis, Indiana, was taken to Camp Chase, Colum- bus, Ohio, shortly afterwai'd to Camp Doug- las, Chicago, after the expiration of twenty- one months was taken to City Point to be exchanged. They were then paroled under instructions not to go south of the north line of South Carolina, but Mr. Borah went over the line, and, being in the vicinity of his regiment, rejoined it, secured a furlough, and was on his way home at the time of the sur- render. HISTORY OF DALLAS G0UNT7. 551 Mr. Borah tells some interesting recollec- tions of the days when he served under Mor- gan, as well as of the days when he attempted to make his way back home to Texas without transportation or money. He reached home at the close of the war, wearing one shoe and with one foot tied up in a shirt, from the effects of a frost bite. He paid his last cent, $16 in Confederate money, to get across the river at Shreveport, Louisiana. Again at home and the war over, he settled down to farming on the old homestead, where he has since resided. Mr. Borah has one of the richest and best improved farms on Grapevine prairie, and it is the same his father bought in 1856, and has been in the family since. Al- though it was divided at the death of the father Mr. Borah bought his sisters' interests, and he now owns 292 acres of the original 320 acres, all of which is cultivated. He also owns other land m Tarrant county, ad- joining, and is one of the most snccessful farmers in the community where he resides. It is a notable fact that there has never been a failure on the Borah homestead since it was first settled in 1856. Mr. Borah has the reputation of being one of the most energetic men iu the western part of Dallas county, and everything on his place shows that this reputation is well deserved. He is liberal- minded and a public- spirited citizen, and lends a helping hand to all deserving pur- poses. December 12, 1868, he married Miss Lou Terrill, a daughter of John Terrill, then re- siding at Gi-apevine, Tarrant county, but originally from Randolph county, Missouri, where Mrs. Borah was born, having come with her parents to Texas when a girl. The wife died August 6, 18 — , leaving three chil- dren: Lee; May, now Mrs. C. L. Dillon, of this county, and Susie. Mr. Borah afterward married Miss Mary T. Bradley, a native also of Randolph county, Missouri, and a daughter of George W. Bradley, a resident of Taylor county, this State. To this union has been born live children, three of whom still sur- vive, viz.: Jessie, Maud and De Graff. Mr. and Mrs. Borah are members of the Baptist Church, as were his parents before him, and he also takes an active interest in the moral and educational needs of his neighborhood. ARION M. FARMER was born in Graves county, Kentucky, Septem- '^m^ ber 20, 1840. His father. Berry Farmer, was a native of Virginia, born in 1811; came to Texas in 1875, and died here in the year 1878, at the age of sixty- nine years. His mother, who before her marriage was Arsena Paschall, died in 1875, aged sixty-five years. Following are their children, four of whom are living: Elizaljeth, deceased; William; Marion M.; Forby, wife of William Williams; Myra, wife of Perry Mitchell, is deceased ; Frona, deceased, was the wife of James Buck; Lu; and Nancy, wife of James Cruse. Marion M. came to Texas when a young man, in 1860, landing here with only fifty cents in money, but with what is more than money, a determination to succeed in life He says he gave what little he had to a child, and began square with the world. He soon found employment on a farm at $8 per month, and worked in that way at different places until the war broke out. In April, 1862, he enlisted in the army, and served during the war, being in a number of im- portant engagements. He had the misfor- tune to have his foot broken, and, being thus 553 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. disabled, lie was detailed to the commissary department, under John H. Hunter. At the close of the war Mr. Farmer re- turned home no richer, as a matter of coui-se, than when he entered the service. With renewed energy he went to work, and in due time saved money enough to buy 220 acres of wild land. On the 8th of February, 1866, he was married to Miss Emma Haught, and after his marriage moved to the land he had bouglit in Kaufman county. In improv- ing his place and making a home he met with many diificulties and endured liardships untold, but finally success crowned his earn- est efforts. His wife, born June 7, 1850, departed this life in 1868, and her untimely death was a source of much bereavement to him. Slie left one child, Emma, who be- came the wife of John Mason, and after his death married Frank Henryshot. After his wife died Mr. Farmer grew somewhat dis- couraged, and went to Kentucky and remained there a short time. Coming back to Texas, he again gave his attention to agricultural pursuits on his farm. He now owns one of the prettiest farms in Dallas county, consist- ing of 409 acres of fine land, all well im- proved. He has a beautiful home and is sur- rounded with all the comforts of life. Two hundred acres of his land are under cultiva- tion, all is fenced, and the rest is in pasture, with the exception of eighty acres of timber laud. For his second wife Mr. Farmer married Miss Golden M. Haught, a sister of his first wife. She was born in Dallas county, April 27, 1846, a daughter of Samuel and Isabella J. (DeVall) Haught. Her father was born November 20, 1814; was married in Pike county, Illinois, in 1844, and in 1845 moved to Texas, becoming one of the pioneers of this State. He and his wife are now resi- dents of Arizona. Of their family of nine children, Mrs. Farmer is the oldest and is one of two who are still living. Mr. Farmer has had six children by his present wife, namely: Emma Ermin, Eva, Ethel, Hattie J., Valta and Alfa O.; all liv- ing except Eva and Alfa O. ILLIAM L. CAMPBELL dates his arrival in Texas in 1851, having come to this State with his parents and settled in Dallas county. He was born in Jefferson county. East Tennessee, April 23, 1832. being nineteen years old at the time the family emigrated to Texas. After remaining on the farm with his fatlier for some years, he took up the carpenter's trade and worked at it. At the breaking out of the Civil war he was in the Indian Nation work- ing on a Government sawmill. The camp broke up on account of the war, and the mill was never finished. He came home and soon afterward enlisted in the Eighteenth Texas Cavalry, Colonel Darnell. Reaching the command, he found his brother sick and was detailed to wait on him. The command left and was captured before he and his brother could join them. In the spring they re- ported at Little Rock and were sent to Pine Bluff, remaining at the latter place until June. There he was taken with typhoid fever and was moved to the country. In August he came home, reported at Dallas, and was ordered to Shreveport. There he was put on guard duty; was subsequently detailed as carpenter in tlie ordnance depart- ment and was sent to Tyler, where he re- mained until the close of the war. Return- ing liome, he worked on the farm for awhile and afterward turned his attention to the HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 553 carpenter's trade again. In 1872 he com- menced surveying, and at that, as in other lines of work, he has been successful. He has done private surveying and has been deputized by the court to do work, but never ran or served as county surveyor. Although of late years he has given his attention chiefly to farming, he still does some surveying. Mr. Campbell has three farms, having two rented and living on the other. He has eighty acres of his home farm under cultiva- tion, and everything about the premises indi- cates the owner to be a man of thrift and en- terprise. Mr. Campbell has given some attention to fruit culture, with partial suc- cess. He has the largest peach orchard in this part of the county, and also has some apples. The black land he thinks is not suited to fruit culture. Robert F. Campbell, father of the subject of our sketch, was a native of Tennessee, and while a resident of that State served as Jus- tice of the Peace. He was engaged in agri- cultural pursuits all his life, his death occur- ring in this State November 18, 1881. By his first wife, nee Jane C. David, of Tennes- see, he had six children, William L. being the oldest. The names of the others are Lodemia A., Sarepta A., James W., and Mar- garet E. The mother departed this life about 1842. In March, 1850, the father wedded Miss Mary Hotfer. Her paternal ancestors were Swiss, and from her mother's people she inherited some Choctaw blood. By his sec- ond marriage Robert F. Campbell had ten children, all having died except three. His widow is now a resident of Piano. December 11, 1881, William L. Campbell was united in marriage with Miss Catherine R. Rankin, daughter of Patrick M. Rankin, of East Tennessee. To them have been born five children, viz. : Robert E., born Septem- ber 10, 1882; Emily J., May 14, 1884; Car- rie M., October 7, 1885; LaFayette R., June 26, 1887; Lucy E., July 28, 1889, and Archi- bald Ray, born November 17, 1891. Lafay- ette R. died July 3, 1888. Politically, Mr. Campbell is a Democrat, and believes in prohibition. He was a member of the Grange before that organization broke up here. The Campbell family are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. fOHN W. HOPKINS, deceased, came to Dallas county, Texas, with his parents, when he was about eight years old and for many years he was an honored resident of this county. Mr. Hopkins was born in Polk county, Missouri, November 16, 1839, son of John Hopkins. He was reared on a farm and re- sided with his mother until he reached his majority. October 28, 1869, he was united in marriage with Miss Mary E. Hight. She was born in Rutherford county, Tennessee, daughter of Robert A. and Martha (Jordon) Hight, natives of Tennessee, of French and Scotch-Irish ancestry. She came to this county in 1860. After their marriage they settled on a farm previously purchased by by Mr. Hopkins, or, rather, it was a part of the headright his mother had bought. He improved this place and was engaged in farm- ing and stock-raising until the time of his death. He left an estate consisting of 1,000 acres of improved land. Mrs. Hopkins now manages the property. To our subject and his wife were born nine children, of wliom six are still living, namely: Elvira, Lillie, David, Josie, Maggie and John. Robert died at the age of four years, William at the age of two years, and James 654 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. at the age of eighteen months. Mr. Hopkins departed this life on the 7th of June, 1887. He was a member of the A., F. & A. M., and was held in high esteem by all who knew him. Mrs. Hopkins is a member of the Baptist Church. A. GARY, brick contractor and builder, of Dallas, came to this city I® in 1886, engaging at his trade, and afterward formed a partnership with Mr. Abbott, under the firm name of Abbott & Gary. Among the principal buildings tiiey erected are the Leacliman building on Live Oak street, Central National Bank, police headquarters on Commerce street, a wholesale building on Main street, etc. The partner- ship was dissolved in July, 1890, and since then Mr. Gary has put up a three-story and basement building on the corner of Ervay and Marillo streets, a three-story building opposite the city park, a three-story building at the crossing of Ervay street and the Santa Fe rail- road, etc. Oil an average he employs seven skilled masons, besides the attendants. Mr. Gary was born in West Virginia in 1856, the sixth of the thirteen children of D. R. and C. O. (Everhart) Gary, natives of the Old Dominion. His father was born in Richmond and mother at Harper's B^erry. Mr. D. R. Gary moved to West Virginia, commencing in life as a carpenter. For thirty years he was superintendent of construction of bridges and tunnels on the Baltimore & Ohio railroad from Wheeling to Cun^ber- land and from Grafton to Parkersburg, hav- ing 300 miles under his supervision. At length he retired from active business life, and he now lives in Columbus, Ohio; his wife also is still living. The subject of this sketch was reared in West Virginia, learned his trade in Bloomington, Illinois, and St. Louis, Missouri, serving an apprenticeship of four years. Next he followed his trade awhile at St. Paul and subsequently returned to Colum- bus, whence he came to Dallas. He was first married in Wheeling, West P o Virginia, March 19, 1882, to Amelia Hankey, a native of Virginia and a daughter of Charles and Amelia (Crumbacker) Hankey. Her father was born in Germany and her mother in Virginia, and they reside in Wheeling, where Mr. Hankey is a cigar manufacturer. Mrs. Gary died in "Wheeling, in 1883, and Mr. Gary was again married, in Dallas, in 1889, to Clara Hilliard, a native of London, England, and a daughter of Edward Hilliard, now of Shreveport, Louisiana, and by this marriage there is one child, by name Nelie May. Mr. Hilliard married Mrs. C. M. Packin- ham, who was born in England in 1841 and died in Dallas December 23, 1886, leaving ten children — seven sons and three daughters. Mr. Gary is zealously interested in the welfare of his country, voting the Democratic ticket. As to the societies, he is a member of Joseph Dowdell Lodge, No. 144, K. of P., at Columbus, Ohio, and of Cceur de Lion Lodge, Uniformed Rank, K. of P., of Dallas. ^ENNETH FOREE, Judge of the City ^ Court of Dallas, was born in Henry county, Kentucky, in 1859, and is a son of Silas H. and Elizabeth (Kyle) Force, honored citizens of Dallas county, whose his- tory will be found on another page of this volume. He received his literary education in Waco University, and having chosen the profession of law for his life work, he began BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 555 its study under the direction of Judge Burke. He was admitted to tiie bar in 1887, and at once entered upon a successful practice. He has been a close student, and has evinced such an aptitude for legal work that he was the choice of the Democratic Convention in 1890 for City Judge. He was elected by a large plurality, and is the youngest man iu north- ern Texas serving in this capacity. He has entered upon the discharge of his duties witli an honesty of purpose and a strict im- partiality which thoroughly justify his selec- tion. He is quick to discern a legal point, prompt in ruling, and fearless in his adminis- tration of justice. He is one of the most promising young lawyers of Dallas, and his friends anticipate for him a bright and suc- cessful future. He is a member of the Knights Templar, and belongs to the Baptist Church. A. WOODS, a farmer of Grapevine prairie, Dallas county, was born in ' ® Cole county, Missouri, April 17, 1839. a son of Andrew and Elizabeth (Witten) Woods, the former a native of North Caro- lina and the latter of Virginia. The paternal grandfather, Archibald Woods, was born in Ireland, and came to America when a young man, settling first in North Carolina, where he married, and moved thence to Wayne county, Kentucky, where he subsequently died. Andrew Woods was reared mainly in Kentucky, and after his marriage he moved to Fayette county, Missouri, in 1830, settling where the town of Lexington now stands. He was a carpenter and cabinetmaker by trade, and erected the first house ever built in Lexington. He died in Cole county, Mis- souri, iu 1841, at the age of forty-three years. Our subject's mother, nee Elizabeth Witten, was born in Tazewell county, Virginia, a daughter of Samuel Witten. Her parents moved to Kentucky when she was twelve years of age, settling in Wayne county, where she grew to womanhood. She was married in that State, and accompanied her husband to Missouri, in pioneer days, where she died, in Cole county, in 1853, at the age of fifty- two years. Her people were originally from Maryland, her parents, however, being Vir- ginians by birth, and were pioneers of Ken- tucky and Missouri. Mr. and Mrs. Woods had five children: Mary, the wife of C. A. McCarty, of Tarrant county; Emeline, who became the wife of Thomas Greenup and lived several years in Wise county, where she after- ward died, leaving a family; Margaret, for- merly Mrs. James A. Jenkins, died in Cole county, Missouri, several years ago; Archi- bald, our subject; and Andrew Macky Lu- cetta, the wife of Bryant Harrington, a sketch of whom appears in this volume. The subject of this sketch was reared in his native county, and when a young man, in October, 1857, he came to Texas, first stop- ping in Denton county. One year later he moved to Wise county, where he enlisted in the Confederate service, in February, 1862, in Company B, Fifteenth Texas Cavalry. He was actively engaged in the service until in January, 1863, when he was tal^en pris- oner at Arkansas Post, and after his exchange he went to New Mexico, where he entered the employ of the old Santa Fe Stage Line Company. Mr. Woods was in the employ of that company in New Mexico and the western plains of Texas until the close of the war, and after the surrender he returned to Wise county, where he gathered together what was left of hi.s horses and cattle and traded them for a piece of land in that county. He subsequently traded this land for another tract iu Tarrant 556 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. county, which he afterward sold, and, mc)V- ing to Dallas county, purchased the place where he now lives, on Grapevine prairie, near the Tarrant county line. He lirst pur- chased 135 acres of prairie land, but he has since added to this tract until he now owns 520 acres, also eighty acres of timber land in the same vicinity, and a farm of 120 acres in Denton county. In addition to his farming Mr. Woods buys considerable stock, which he fattens, keeping from ninety-five to 100 head on hand at all times, and sells when the market is favorable. He was married December 17, 1884, to Mrs. Mary Gatewood, a daughter of J. F. Morris, of Denton county, Texas, and born in Moniteau county, Missouri. To this union has been born three children: Alexander, Isabella and Mary. Mrs. Woods had one child by her former marriage. Mr. and Mrs. Woods are members of tiie Christian Church, and the former has been a Mason since 1864 and is now a member of Estelle Lodge, No. 570. lABRIEL A. KNIGHT was born in the county of Bedford, State of Tennessee, in 1842, and is a son of Obadiah and Martha Ann (Knight) Knight. The mother was not related to her husband's family. Obadiah Knight was a native of Virginia, and when a young man removed to Tennessee, where he engaged inagi'icnlture, which he pur- sued until 1846. In that year he came to Dallas county, Texas, and settled in Precinct No. 1, within four miles of the village. He purchased 1,000 acres of land, which he placed under cultivation, and was the owner of slaves, although he was opposed to the principle of bartering in flesh and blood. He died April 1, 1868, at the age of sixty years. Mr. Knight was twice married; there were live children of the first marriage, two of whom are living: Mrs. J. J. Millard, and Gabriel A., the subject of this notice; those deceased are, William A., Dr. John W., and Mrs. Judge Burford. The second marriage was to Miss Hughes, and the children of this union are: Laura, who died in 1870; Mattie A., deceased; Sarah Catherine; Margaret B.; William H.; Epps G., whose full history will be found on another page of this volume, R. E. L., a lawyer by profession; and Arche- laus J.; Monroe and Josephine died in child- hood. From this father sprang a large and influential family. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church for years, and was identified with the Democratic party. He was one of the most honored and re- spected of the early pioneers, and left behind him a name that will be revered while mem- ory lasts. Gabriel acquired a practical education in the common schools, and in 1861 enlisted in the First Texas Artillery, serving four years, and participating in some of the most noted battles of the conflict. After the surrender he returned to Dallas county. September 8, 1869, he was united in mar- riage to Miss Hannah E. Jenkins, a native of Dallas county, and a daughter of William Jenkins, who was the first Sheriff of Dallas county. Nine children were born to them, two of whom died in infancy: those living are Alma L., William Burford, Andi-ew G., Mat- tie, John J., Adaline, and Lucile. After coming from the war, Mr. Knight engaged in farming, and remained on the farm until 1889, and then located in the city. He was elected public weigher for Dallas county, in 1884, he is a member of the city council, having been elected to the latter oflice in 1891 without opposition; he represents the 1 HISTORT OF DALLAS OOUNTT. 657 Third Ward, and is a progressive and efiicient officer. He is a member of the Knights of Honor, and he and Mrs. Knight belong to the Methodist Episcopal Clnirch South. *^. ^ lOLONEL JOHN C. McCOY.— Among the early settlers ol' northern Texas, and the first lawyer to locate in the city of Dallas, was Colonel John C. McCoy, a gentleman commanding in appearance and venerable in the magnificent character he built up for himself as a true man and effi- cient citizen. He was born in Clark county, Indiana, September 28, 1819, the youngest son of John and Jane (Collins) McCoy, natives of Pennsylvania. His grandfather, liev. Will- iam McCoy, moved from Pennsylvania to Kentucky, in 1790, coming down the Ohio river in a flat-boat, and settled in Shelby county. He was a Baptist preacher and made many hazardous journeys in Kentucky, and also in southern Indiana, crossing the Ohio river, and penetrating the then im- mense forests of Clark county. A bold brave man, he proclaimed the gospel beneath the great trees, to the sparse settlers with his gun at his side. Colonel McCoy's father was married in Kentucky, in 1803, and afterward moved to Clark county, Indiana, entered land and im- proved it. After tliat he moved to Jefierson- ville, Indiana, and made that his home most of the time, until his death, which occurred September 3, 1859. His excellent wife died September 1, 1835, in Clark county, Indiana, This worthy couple had ten children, — four daughters and six sons, — all of whom grew to full man and womanhood, except one daugh- ter; and all are now dead. The eldest son, 37 Lewis was a farmer in Indiana, and the father of John M. McCoy, Esq., of Dallas, Texas, who was the law partner of Colonel McCoy in Dallas for over ten years. Isaac, the third son, received a classical education at Hanover College, Indiana, and made teaching his profession, and for forty years was a prominent educator in southern Illinois. George R. studied medicine under the celebrated Dr. Yandell of Louisville, Ken- tucky, and for many years was a prominent physician in southern Illinois. Another son, William, became a noted Baptist minister in Indiana. No man stood hicrher than he in his denomination, and no man was more loyal or devoted to his people. He was the con- tinuous pastor of two churches forty-seven years, besides traveling and preaching more or less all the time throughout southern In- diana. He died at his home in New Phila- delphia, May 22, 1891. He left surviving him, his son. Rev. John E. McCoy, a prom- inent Baptist minister, who died July 24, 1891, at North Vernon, Indiana. The youngest daughter, Eliza, was a mis- sionary to the North American Indians for nine years, beginning in 1844. She was the principal legatee of Colonel McCoy, to the magnificent estate he accumulated as a law- yer in Dallas, Texas. She survived him only about five years, but during that time she donated fully $75,000 of her estate to be- nevolent and religious institutions; and by her will, she bequeathed almost all of the balance of her estate, valued at about §50,000, to the cause of missions. She died November 8, 1891, at Dallas, Texas, greatly loved, honored and lamented, as one of the most exemplary of Christian women. Colonel McCoy was reared on a farm to the age of fifteen years, when, in 1834, he 5r)8 HISTORY OF DALLAS GOONTT. entered as a student in the Clark County Seminary, continuing liis studies one year. In 1835, he entered Wihnincrton Seminary, and was a student there a year, and in 1836, returned to Clark County Seminary, for an- other year. Thus closed his school days. Af- ter this, his first employment was as Deputy Circuit Clerk of Clark county, Indiana, two years, during which time he prosecuted the study of law during all his spare time. In 1839, he was engaged in the re-survey of tlie western boundary line of the State of Missouri, from the Missouri river south to the Osage river. He was next employed as an enrolling agent, and assisted in making the payments for the Government to the va- rious tribes of Indians in western Missouri. In 1840, he assisted iii drafting the treaty between the Shawnee and Delaware Indians and tlie Government, for a portion of their lands on which to locate the Wyandotte tribe. Within the territory thus acquired Wyandotte City has been built, and there the remains of that tribe are still to be found. In the spring of 1840, lie returned to Indiana, and resum- ed the study of law in the city of Jefferson - ville, under Hon. A. Lovering, and in May, 1841, was licensed to practice in the State and Federal courts of Indiana and Kentucky. He soon secured a large and lucrative practice, which continued until his departure to Texas, J n 1844. Having accepted the position of agent and surveyor for the Peters colony in Texas, he embarked December 12, 1844, on the steamer Kate Aubrey, for New Orleans, en route to the wild scenes of the great Em- pire State, in company with E. F. Springer, M. J. Owen, William Keigwin, late propri- etor of Breinond, Texas, and Captain Charles Hensley. On New Year's day, 1845, the party dis- embarked from the steamship New York, at Galveston, and began preparations to pro- ceed to the interior. The party took a Buf- falo bayon steamer to Houston, and from there weiit with teams to Cincinnati, on the Trinity river. In a few days they constructed a raft or Hat- boat, 6^x36 feet in dimensions, and, placing tlieir wares of 7,000 pounds on this frail craft, proceeded up the river to Fort Alabama, making such progress as their strength would permit, in pushing and pull- ing their vessel along. At Fort Alabama, the boat was abandoned, and having secured two ox teams at Mustang prairie a much easier progress of the journey was made to Fort Houston, where a part of their supplies were left; and, having purchased two ponies at this point. Colonel McCoy and his friend Captain Hensley, pushed on in advance of their party, following the Caddo trail as far as Gassett, in Henderson county. Riding up to the present site of Dallas, they found Col- onel John Neely Bryan, established in a log cabin 10 x 12 feet in extent. The travelers were very cordially received by Colonel Bryan, whom they found dressed in buckskin leg- gings, his feet encased in moccasins, and his body protected from chilling wirids by a red and black plaid blanket coat. In March, 1845, the party of engineers of which he was a member, started for the col- ony to prosecute their survey, arrived without serious accident and began the work. Captain Hensley being called to Kentucky, Colonel McCoy fell heir to the absolute con- trol of Peters' colony until the winter follow- ing, when his old friend returned with a full party of young men. This company was met by Colonel McCoy at Bonham, and he es- corted it to Dallas, and after seeing the com- pany comfortably established in their pioneer quarters, he severed his connection with the colony authorities, and in June, 1846, he be- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 559 gan his career as an independent but active and zealous citizen. In this year Dallas county was organized, by Colonel John Neely Bryan, in which en- terprise Colonel McCoy contributed his full share of brain-work and physical labor. As a slight expression of the appreciation in which his services were held by those whom he had most faithfully served, he was elected the first District Clerk of Dallas county; and, notwithstanding the fact that he had no office room gorgeously fitted up with those conven- iences and elegances characterizing large mod- ern offices, it is said that he discharged all the duties of his position in a manner that elicited the highest encomiums from those that understood the difficulties he had to en- counter, as well as to the entire satisfaction of those whom he served. The Mexican war breaking out about this time, Colonel McCoy took an active part in forwarding troops to the front, and in Na- varro county was the prime mover in organ- izing the company commanded by Captain W. B. Dagley, with his old friend, Charles Ilensley as First Lieutenant. In December, 1846, after the District Court had been successfully organized, and during its first session, and at the earnest re- quest of Judge Ochiltree, he resigned his of- fice as District Clerk, and entered regularly and largely into the practice of his profession, which he followed for nearly thirty-nine years, with unvarying and remarkable success. In 1848, Colonel McCoy was made a Ma- son, at Bonham, Texas, in Constantine Lodge, and during the same year assisted in the or- ganization of Taunehill Lodge, in Dallas. He was duly consecrated High Priest by the Council Order of Houston, June 13, 1861. At various times he was D. D. G. Master of Masons in Texas, Grand Visitor of the Grand Chapter for the Eastern District of Texas, Deputy Thrice Illustrious Grand Master of the Grand Council of Royal and Select Mas- ters of Texas, Grand Generalissimo of the Grand Commandry of Texas. He was also Past Grand Commander of the Grand Cora- mandery Knights Templar of Texas, and at his death was District Commander of the Scottish Rites, and King of the Royal Arch Chapter of Texas. In his personal appearance. Colonel McCoy was exceedingly neat and even fastidious, and delighted in nothing so much as the simple elegance of life that minister to the comfort of all. He was the first to erect a frame house in the city of Dallas, and this he did with the laudable desire to improve the hamlet by in- troducino; a style of architecture superior to that of the pioneer log cabin. He cultivated and beautified not only his own home, but also extended his ideas into the public inter- ests of the county. And to him Dallas county is indebted for the magnificent trees that adorned Court Square, and that gave to that place so much of the attractions that ex- cite the admiration for its inviting appear- ance during the sultry suns of the summer months. In 1851, Colonel McCoy was married to Miss Cora M. McDermett, daughter of J. B. McDermett,of Pennsylvania, and a brother- in-law of David R. Porter, Governor of Penn- sylvania. All the surroundings of that event were of the simplest character, but the con- stancy that followed the vows there made is the highest proof that can be afforded to the sincere devotion given to the blushing bride who began with him the voyage of his mar- ried life. In August, 1852, his residence on the cor- ner of Commerce and Lamar streets was 560 HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTT- completed, and his yoiincr wife duly and formally installed into the administration of its affairs. His was the home of gayety, and frequented by all who delighted to steal away from the cares of a busy life, and for an hour to realize that the world is still beautiful, not- withstanding the troubles that sometimes overtake the unfortunate toilers in its active scenes. In the happiness of his married life, and the successful practice of his profes- sion that was then yielding him handsome profits, Colonel McCoy was feasting on pleas- ures that were destined, alas! to be of short duration. The young wife, that had given to him so much love and was so efficient in rendering home a paradise, was snatched from his side by the relentless jaws of death, ere the baby lips that had blessed their marriage had been trained to lisp the holy name of mother. For over a quarter of a century, Colonel McCoy walked alone in the shadow of his ever present sorrow, but, like the needle to the pole, the deep-rooted affections of his soul were ever true to the impressions made by the idol of his heart, who won and wore his devotions long before the frost of years had mellowed his life. In 1854, ten years after his departure from the scenes of his early life, for the wild and untried experiences of this distant land. Col- onel McCoy visited for the first time his friends and relatives then living near the Falls of the Ohio River, as Louisville was then known. In February, 1856, Colonel McCoy was elected District Attorney of the Sixteenth Judicial Circuit of this State, then composed of sixteen counties and extending from Gray- son, Ellis and Dallas counties on the east, to to the distant boundaries of Young county on the west. This position he tilled for nearly three years, discharging all its duties faithfully, effectively and to the entire satis- faction of those who had entrusted the labor and responsibilities of this important office to him. In 1861, when the Civil war, ominous of the worst, broke forth upon the country, Gov- ernor Clark, recognizing administrative abil- ities of the highest order in the systematic and determined character and will of Colonel McCoy, appointed him to be Quartermaster of the regiments commanded by Colonels Young, Simms, Lock and Parsons. When these commands were mustered into the Con- federate service. Colonel McCoy was retained by Governor Clark in the military service of the State, and assigned to duty as mustering officer for the regiments that were subse- quently carried into the Confederate Army by Colonels Nat. M. Burford and T. C. Hawpe. His further service as a military man was de- voted to the enrollment of soldiers from Dal- las county, and as Provost-Marshal of the same. He was elected to the Legislature in 1862, and re-elected in 1864, and at the close of the war was an accredited Representative of Dallas county in that body, and as such as- sisted in the inauguration of the district offi- cers appointed by Governor Hamilton, under the provisional measures of reconstruction adopted by President Andrew Johnson. In politics, Colonel McCoy was always un- swervingly devoted to the "old-line" Whig party; but when its days were numbered and its organization disbanded, he co-operated with the Democracy; and in all the political campaigns since the war, he was a recognized leader in the Democratic ranks. As an orator. Colonel McCoy was richly endowed. Being exceedingly graceful in his style of expression and delivery, he never failed to entrance by his cultivated thought, HISTORY OF DALLAS OOUNTT. 561 his flowing sentences and classical allusions, all who chanced to be his hearers. Being richly endowed with musical talents, and a cultivated musician as well, liis whole nature seemed to be attuned to rhythmical measures, and hence his love and great famil- iarity with all the poets may be easily ac- counted for. But few men in this country were as well acquainted with the realm of song as he. He had his favorites, his likes and dislikes, just as every thinking, reason- ing and studious scholar must have, but as a literateur he was not only fair, but impar- tial in his criticisms, and respects most highly that commendable motive that excites merit to labor, and to contribute something to the development of our own literature. He may have been justly regarded as the best posted scholar in the classical as well as the general literature of the day, to be found in this part of the State. This fact, considered in connection with the further fact that he passed his palmiest days amid the dangers, hardships and demands incident to frontier life, must reflect additional credit upon his taste, his natural endowments and his attain- ments. In his own words, he " had experi- enced his greatest pleasures in communing with the stars as he lay stretched upon his single blanket on the prairies; and in all his travels he had never heard anything so grand as the soft winds of the whispei-ing forests, or seen anything so pure as the distilled dews that tremble upon the grasses of the bound- less plains." Colonol McCoy showed his strongest char- acteristics in his love for little children, and they in turn reciprocated all his regard in signs of affection for him. In this commu- nity no man enjoyed so much esteem among the juvenile element as he; and even the humblest approached him with confidence. knowing that he would not allow them to sustain any want that he could either gratify or supply. Christmas day never failed to find him prepared for the visits of his little friends, and Uncle Mac's Christmas tree, from the force of custom had grown into one of the established institutions of the city. His invitations were given through the news- papers. No better nor higher eulogium can ever be pronounced upon his character than the simple, single sentence, " He was the children's friend." Colonel McCoy united with the First Bap- tist Church of Dallas, in October, 1880, and was ever afterward an active and efiicient member, aiding liberally in all church work. His final summons came the 30th of April, 1887, when he departed this life, mourned by his many friends. The following quotation is from the Dallas Morning News, of May 5, 1887. " The funeral of Colonel John C. McCoy occurred yesterday afternoon at two o'clock. He was an old landmark of Dallas, having come to this city when it had but a log house or two in it, some forty-two years ago, and with its growth he had grown. On its ex- pansion, its progress and its development generally, he left the impress of his energy, his wisdom, his enterprise and his conserva- tism. He was not only respected and hon- ored by all who knew him, but he was loved by all, deeply loved by the very many, for during the four days his body lay in his late residence, hundreds and hundreds of his old neighbors, of his newer friends, the rich and the poor, the white and the black, and es- pecially the poor, visited it to look for the last time upon the pale, placid face so peace- ful in death, and few went away who were not weeping. At one o'clock the Masonic orders, the Dallas Commanderv, escort for 563 BISTORT OF DALLAS COCTNTT. tlie Grand Commandery and Tanneliill Lodge of Masons formed at Masonic Temple, corner of Main and Murphy streets. From there thej marched np Main street preceded by a brass band, to the late residence of the de- ceased, corner of Main and Ilarvvood streets. Already at the house, tilling it and the spa- cious grounds, and gathered in throngs on the adjacent side-walks were hundreds of people — ladies and gentlemen — with knots of colored people too, all came to do honor to the loved dead. Up and down Main and Har- wood streets for a block each way were car- riages, buggies and wagons from the country, tilled with peoj^le. When the procession of Masons arrived they formed a line along Main street to the west, the Knights Templar in front, Tanne- liill Lodge next, the firemen coming next. Then the grand officers of the Grand Com- mandery and the pall-bearers filed into the dwelling; forming about the bier, the pall- bearers on either side, Grand Commander John O. Johnson at the head and Grand Prelate J. C. Carpenter at the foot, with cross elevated, the Grand Commandery with crossed swords over the casket; the Grand Commander exclaimed "Alas, our brother 1." The Grand Conjmandery then sheathed their swords, the jjall-bearers lifted the casket from the catafalque and bore it to the hearse in waiting, the Grand Commandery following, and in the rear came the Sunday-school class of young ladies of the deceased from the First Baptist Church, bearing floral emblems. The funeral cortege took up its line of march in the order above named, to the First I3aptist Church. There the religious and Masonic services were most solemn. The remains of the deceased were taken to the Masonic cem- etery, for interment in the family lot. Al- ready hundreds and hundreds of people were in the cemetery awaiting the procession, so that when the vast throna; of that corteire arrived there were thousands present. The ceremonies first performed at the grave were from the beautiful and solemn burial services of the Knights Templar, sad, impressive and imposing. Then came the ritual of the Ma- sonic Lodge, and then the casket was lowered to its last resting place and the mound was watered with the tears of hundreds of those who loved the distinguished dead in his life- time and who most sincerely mourned him. " The law Association of the city at a bar meeting, after a preamble, adopted the reso- lutions of respect for the deceased, who, for forty-two years, had been an honored and dis- tinguished member of the Dallas bar." They denominoted him the " Nestor " of the bar. The Public Library of Dallas, of which Colonel McCoy was the president and strong supporter at the time of his death, adopted some very appropriate resolutions and draped its rooms for thirty days. The following selection is from a tablet of thanks presented to Miss Eliza McCoy in re- turn for a portrait of Colonel McCoy, pre- sented by her to the Dallas Commandery No. 6, Knights Templar. " No Mason in Texas can ever forget his zeal for Masonry when wars and dissensions occurred between the North and South, when nearly every Christian, social and benevolent organization in this State was disrupted, and in many instances abandoned, your honored brother. Sir Knight, John C. McCoy, at his own individual expense paid chapter, per- sonal, lodge and commandery dues for mem- bers and kept the lights burning on the altars of Free Masonry in Dallas. No Mason ever knew John C. McCoy who did not love him, and his grand character and his kind HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 563 consideration of the wants of every destitute Mason or liis widow and orphans have so en- endeared hira to Masons that his noble coun- tenance, his commanding person and his be- nevolent kindness have photoc^raphed his memory on the hearts of every member of the order." IN MEMORY OP COLONEL J. C. McCOY. BY BARAH LYKINS RUSSELL. When like some gorgeous eastern queen, The earth with autumn hues was bright, Among us moved, with kingly mien, A friend whose presence brought delight. With eager, earnest heart, he sought Each haunt he liked in early years; The varied scenes, from memory wrought, Awoke, alike, fond smiles and tears, So full of kindly sympathy For hearts that thrilled with joy or pain, O ! friend beloved, we shall not see Thy like on this dull earth again. For, on a longer journey now, Far and forever, thou hast gone ; O'er kingly form and noble brow. In silence rests the burial stone. But THOU dost live ; the kindly deeds — The good thy faithful hands have done, The fruitage of love's precious seeds — Were golden in life's setting suu, In saddened hearts, whose weary ache Thy healing touch hath comforted, Thy name shall sweetest music wake, And love its holy incense shed. Truth's royal signet on thy brow A grandeur to thy being gave; Ev'n when in meekness thou didst bow Beneath the cool baptismal wave, And rise to walk with tireless feet. Where'er the Master's footsteps led. Love's consecrating spirit sweet Its beauty o'er thy spirit shed. And when with tender, magic art. Each toiler's burden thou didst share, A wound was bleeding in thy heart Love's early pain had planted there. O, faithful heart! through weary years, To ONE fond memory so true. Still watered by thy secret tears. One lonely sorrow deeper grew. But now where sundered spirits meet, Thy heart has found its own again ; And in communions, fond and sweet. Forgotten all the earthly pain. O! roses, shed your sweetest breath. And on his grave, bright sunbeams, fall! For Life shall triumph over Death, And Love make full amends for all! Kansas City, ifo., August 11, 1887. fOUN F. CALDWELL, Auditor of the city of Dallas, was born in Washington, District of Columbia, and is a son of Josiah Caldwell, of New Jersey. The father was employed in one of the departments at Washington for more than fifty years, serv- ing from 1816 to 1858. He was one of the oldest clerks in the service of the Govern- ment, and was very competent and faithful in the discharge of his duties. One of his brothers was Clerk of the Supreme Court for many years. The family is descended from the Magruders of Virginia. Our subject was born in the city of Washington in 1827, and received his education in that city. After leaving school he was employed as a clerk in a dry-goods store in Baltimore, Maryland, and remained there five years. He then spent several years in travel, and visited every portion of the United States. At last he settled in New Orleans, and embarked in the cotton business, an enterprise that was soon to be paralyzed by the ravages of war. Mr. Caldwell enlisted in the Staff Depart- ment, and for five years witnessed and ex- perienced all the terrors and hardships of warfare. From the day the first gun was fired upon Fort Sumpter to the day of the surrender he did not flinch from the cause he had espoused, but did his duty valiantly as became a son of the South. In 1873 he removed from New Orleans, 564 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. where he had settled after the war, to Dallas, Texas, and for several years engaged in the grocery business. Becoming well-known as a man of the highest honor and of excellent business qualifications, he was chosen by the City Council to till the position of City Auditor of Dallas. It is a very responsible position, but one for which Mr. Caldwell is admirably fitted by his previous experience. His management of the office has been systematic and entirely satisfactory to the public, who regard hini as one of the most courteous and obliging ofiicials. He is an ardent Democrat, and zealously supports all the measures of that body. He belongs to the Presbyterian Church, and has been a liberal contributor to those movements which liave tended to the elevation of public sentiment. Mr. Caldwell was married in the city of New Orleans, in 1861, to Miss McNairy, of of Nashville, Tennessee. L. DeFRESE, a contractor and builder of Dallas, Texas, was born in Ger- l* many, in 1863, the fourth child born to L. G. and C. E. (Schon) De Frese, also natives of Germany. The parents still reside in their native country. G. L., our subject, came to America in 1880, first settling in Indiana, where he worked at the cabinet- maker's, carpenter and joiner's trades, which he had learned in Germany. He i-emained in Indiana but a few months, after which he worked in Michigan and Colorado and other places. He came to Texas in 1881, where he worked at the cabinetmaker's trade, and finally, in 1885, he settled in Dallas, where he has since remained. Mr. De Frese erected the Bowser building and residence, and also many other good and substantial residences. During the busy season he employes an average of twenty men. He owns a good farm of 184 acres in Ellis county, near Ennis, a residence at Oak Lawn, six frame residences for sale or rent, and one acre of land in this county. Mr. De Frese was married in Brennans, Texas, in 1884, to Minnie Gerlolf, a native of Germany, and a daughter of Frederick and and Elizabeth (Schoanbeck) Gerlolf, also na- tives of Germany. The parents came to Texas about 1869, and now reside at Ennis, Ellis county. Mr. and Mrs. De Frese have one ahild, Annie. Mr. De Frese takes an active interest in politics, voting with the Democratic party, and both he and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. O. GARDEN, contractor and builder of Dallas, was born in Roan county, * Tennessee, September 3, 1845, the eighth in order of birth of the fifteen chil- dren of George W. and Teinpy W. (Howard) Garden. His father was a native of North Carolina and mother of Tennessee. His father was taken to that State by his parents in 1817, when he was a boy of only five years of age; he grew up and married there, and learned the trade of wheelwright. He is still living in that State, at the advanced age of eighty years. He was born February 2, 1812, was private in the Indian war of 1836, and was Lieutenant in the late Confederate war, serving about three years. He received a land warrant for the Indian war service. He has been a Methodist Episcopal minister (local) for many years, and is a devout Methodist to this day. He was a man most highly prized. His wife died April 20, 1867. His first wife, nee Betsey White, HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 565 died in 1843. He had seven children by her. During the war the subject of this sketch was a member of the Home Guards of Roan county, and did duty on the skirmish line. Shortly after his marriage in the fall of 1876, he moved to Dallas, from Knoxville, and en- gaged in building and contracting, mostly in Dallas; has erected many good residences here and some other buildings. He gener- ally employs ten to fifteen carpenters. In 1867 George W. married Mrs. Sophia (Johnston) Ladd, by whom there is no issue, though she is the mother of nine children. Our subject is the eldest of a family of eight children of the second marriage. He was married in Koan county, Tennes- see, in 1875, to Miss Delia M. Cox, a native of Anderson county, that State, and a daugh- ter of Cyrus and Elizabeth (Moore) Cox, na- tives also of Tennessee. Her grandparents were natives of North Carolina. Her parents came to Dallas in the fall of 1878 and engaged in gardening; they are both now living in Dal- las. Mr. and Mrs. Garden have had four children, namely: Daisy M., Pearl, who died at the age of six years and a half, in June, 1887; two are deceased, J. W., who died in infancy, in 1877; and Asa O., Jr. In politics, while he is not active in the councils of the party, Mr. Garden is a Demo- crat, and in religion he and his family are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. "-o/i/i/Z/- q/inyx^^ »HOMAS G. CHERRY was born in ■mm Todd county, Kentucky, November 13, 1834, son of Gerard Y. Cherry. His father, a native of Montgomery county, Ten- nessee, went to Kentucky when a young man and was there married to Miss Mary A. Ed- wards. Her father was a native of Peters- burg, Virginia, and moved to Kentucky when Mrs. Cherry was an infant. Mr. Cherry lived in that State till 1853, when he tnoved to Montgomery county, Tennessee. January 1, 1856, he came to Texas and settled in Red River county. There he purchased a farm and on it spent the residue of his days, dying in 1862, on the day of the surrender of Fort Donelson, aged fifty-five years. His wife died in 1870, at the age of sixty. Thomas G. was twenty-one years of age when his father moved to Texas. He re- mained under the parental roof until he was twenty-two, when he began life for himself. He chose for a wife Miss Mary Farmer, their marriage occurring on September 20, 1860. She was born January 19, 1843, daughter of Enoch and Elizabeth (Rector) Farmei-. Her father was a native of North Carolina and moved from there to Texas in 1848, Mrs. Cherry being at that time only five years of age. She was the sixth-born of seven chil- dren, whose names are as follows: Robert F., deceased; Sarah A., wife of George Murry; Alfred W., deceased; Frances, wife of Joseph Dixon; Thomas, who died in prison at Chi- cago; and James, deceased. Mr. Cherry's parents had eleven children, viz. : Charles B.; Thomas G.; William, deceased; Martha, wife of George Dixon; Mary, wife of Samuel Swim; George W.; Gillie, wife of Joseph Dixon; James K. Polk, who died in the army; Eliza F., wife of F. M. Giddings; Garrard; and Richard, who died when young. Following are the children born to Mr. and Mrs. Cherry; Gerard P.; Thomas; Lulie, deceased; Alma; Robert and Clara. During the war Mr. Cherry was not one to shrink from what he believed to be his duty. He joined Forest's command in Tennessee and remained with him till after the battle of Fort Donelson. He participated in that 566 HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. battle and also in the battles of Red Eiver, Manstield and Pleasant Hill, besides other engagements of less note. He was under fire for forty-nine days as they marched to to the sea. At the battle of Crutchfield he received a slight wound from a spent ball. Mr. Cherry received his discharge at Hous- ton, Texas, after which he returned home and engaged in the mercantile business at Charles- ville, Texas, which he followed fourteen years. He then sold out and moved to Dallas county. He rented a farm one year and afterward purchased land near Pleasant valley. This he subsequently sold, and bought the 118 acres on which he now lives. It was then unimproved and was all covered with brush, but his well-directed efforts have, during the four years of his residence here, transformed a wilderness into a fine farm. It is all well fenced and eighty acres are under cultivation. Mr. and Mrs. Cherry and three of their children are members of the Baptist Church. Mr. Cherry is a member of the Dutch Creek Masonic Lodge, No. 441, and also of the Knights of Honor, Pleasant Valley Lodge, No. 2756. He was a delegate to the Grand Lodge of the last named order which met at Galveston August 4, 1891. Mr. Cherry is also a member of the Grange, Duck Creek Lodge, No. 444, of wliich he is Overseer. ^ ^ M. HUMPHEYS was born in Henry county, Tennessee, April 1, [' 1842, and was reared in his native State. When the Civil war came on he en- listed, in May, 1861, in the First Tennessee Infantry, and served two years and nine months; he then got a transfer to Forest's Cavalry, Seventh Tennessee. He partici- pated in the battles of Shiloh, Fayetteville, Perryville, Murfreesboro, Athens (Alabama), Fort Pillow, West Point and many others. He was in Mississippi at the time of the surrender, after which he returned home and remained one year. In 1866 Mr. Hurapheys came to Texas and located in Dallas county. After renting a farm one year he bought a piece of unim- proved land near Mesquite. On tiie 29th of January, 1867, he wedded Miss Sarah Chap- man, who was born in August, 1847. Men- tion of her father's family will be found in a sketch of J. C. Chapman in this work. Mr. Hurapheys lived on his farm for sixteen years. At the end of that time he sold out and bought land about fifteen miles east and south of Dallas. Here he has 200 acres of fine soil, 140 acres under cultivation, and all fenced. Since he purchased this property he has made many improvements on it, among which is his fine residence. He has also built a cotton gin, which he runs in connec- tion with his farming operations. Mr. Humpheys' father, Henry Ilum- pheys, was born in Rockingham county, North Carolina. He was there married to Susan Paschall, and after his marriage he moved to west Tennessee, where he was prom- inent among the early settlers of that part of the State. He died in Tennessee, in 1868, at the age of seventy-six years, and his wife died in 1889, at the age of eighty-five. Like many other young men Mr. Hum- pheys came to Texas without means, but he went earnestly to work and his efforts have been crowned with success. He saved his money, used good judgment in investing it, and now has a delightful home and is sur- rounded with all the comforts of life. He and his wife are the parents of ten children, namely: Henry; James C; Brittle, who died young; Ada; Maud; Forest; Lester; Olley, HI8T0RT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 567 Kobert and Leotes. Mr. Humphejs holds the "Primitive Baptist" faith; has always voted the Democratic ticket and says he always expects to. tW. COLEMAN, one of the influen- tial citizens of Dallas, has been identi- * fied with the educational interests of Texas since 1876. He is now the principal of the city high school, fifteen teachers being employed in this institution. In the years 1876, '77 and '78 he was engaged in teach- ing at Richardson, Dallas county; then at Meridian, Bosque county, having charge of the schools in the latter place two years. He was elected president of Paluxy College at Glen Rose, remaining there two years. In 1884 he organized the public schools at Uvalde, Texas, and resided at that place until he came to Dallas in 1888. Mr. Coleman was born in Dallas county, Arkansas, in 1845, the son of Rev. R. J. and Martha (Tanner) Coleman. His parents, na- tives of Virginia, moved to Tennessee at an early day, and in 1844 located in Dallas county, Arkansas, and have since made their home in that State. His father is a Baptist minister and still has regular work. Mr. Coleman spent his early life in his native State, and received his education in the Mis- sissippi College, Clinton, Mississippi, gradu- ating iu 1872. He was educated for the ministry, but on account of throat disease has been deterred from what he considered his life work. In 1875 he came to Dallas, Texas, and was engaged as office editor on the Texas Bajptist. Dallas at that time contained only about 7,000 or 8,000 inhabitants, and since then its growth has been marvelous. In the fall of 1875 Mr. Coleman was united in mar- riage with Miss Mary B. Buckner, native of Kentucky, and a daughter of Rev. R. C. and V. (Long) Buckner, also natives of Ken- tucky. About 1857 the Buckner family emi- grated to Paris, Texas, coming from there to Dallas in January, 1865. Dr. Buckner is the founder of the Buckner Orphans' Home, which he organized and put in operation in 1879. He still devotes his time and atten- tion to this institution and it is now in a flourishing condition. Mr. and Mrs. Coleman are members of the First Baptist Church of Dallas. They are the parents of Ave childi-en, viz.: Vibelle, Dora Maggie, Roberta, Mabel and Robert Buckner. ^ ^ AMUEL CARRUTHERS, contractor and builder, Dallas, arrived here in 1873, and immediately engaged in contracting for building. He obtained permission of Ben Long, the Mayor, to erect a shop on Main street, in front of the present Knepley stand, and commenced in a small way. His flrst job was a small building on Elm street, where he cut away the cornstalks to make room. He has since erected the principal buildings on Main and Elm streets, Knepley's Apollo Hall, and other buildings on Commerce street; also the Hill Block, the City Water Works, County Recorder's office, the Warren and Kemp blocks on Elm street, the Terry Block, the Ervay Block on Commerce street, Mrs. Kemp's brick blocks on the square, and many others. The flrst brick building in Dallas was erected for the present Mayor, where Mr. Carruthers worked by the day, on on Commerce and Walker streets- Mr. Car- ruthers is next oldest as a contractor in the city of Dallas, having been here continuously for eighteen years. 568 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. lie was born in Glasgow, Scotland, in 1845, the fourth in order of birtli of a family of live cliildreu, whose parents were G. W. and Mary Elizabeth (Dinsbe) Carruthers, na- tives also of that country. The mother is still living there, now aged eighty-five years. The father died in 1883, in Scotland. Mr. Carruthers emigrated to this country in 1869, first stopping at Chicago for a year, where he worked by the day, and thence he came to Dallas, as before mentioned. He was married at Galveston, this State, iu 1872, to Miss G. G. Green, a native of Scot- land, in which country he had previously made her acquaintance. After his marriage he was in Chicago. Here in Dallas he has a fine residence at 436 Wood street, built in 1874. He is interested in national questions, voting with the Democratic party. He be- longs to Dallas Lodge, No. 70, K. of P., and also to the Uniformed Rank, same order; of Lodge No. 961, K. of H., and of the O. C. F. He and his wife are members of the Presby- terian Church. Of the seven children, only one is living, Samuel by name. F. COTTMAN, contractor and builder, Dallas, came to this city in l^^jJ^Ti" in the fall of 1875, and the first three or four years engaged in the grocery business. About 1878 or '79 he opened out in general contracting, and among the prin- cipal buildings he has erected may be men- tioned the Central National Bank, the two- story brick building of Huey & Phillips, on Griffith and Elm streets; a $10,000 resi- dence for J. S. Moss, on Ross avenue and Annex street, a $6,000 residence for J. W. Townsend, etc. Mr. Cottman has now been engaged in this business for seventeen years. He was born in Winchester, Kentucky, in 1836, the eldest of the five children of James and Mahala (AVatts) Cottman. His father, a United Brethren minister, was born in Havre de Grace, Maryland, and his mother in Ken- tucky. The family moved to Terre Haute, Indiana, when our subject was very young, and in 1854 to Paris, Illinois, in 1863 to Vermillion, Edgar county, same State, where the Rev. Cottman died in 1876; his wife had died in the latter part of 1874. Up to the age of seventeen years Mr. Cottman, whose name introduces this sketch, was reared near Terre Haute, completing his school education at the Methodist seminary, at Paris, Illinois, in which town he afterward learned and fol- lowed his trade. During the war he enlisted, in Paris, iu 1861, iu Company E, Sixty-sixth Illinois Vol- unteer Infantry, as First Sergeant, was at- tached to the Array of the Tennessee and after- ward to that of the Cumberland. He was en- gaged in the battles of Mount Zion (Missouri), Forts Henry and Donelson, Shiloh, and siege of Corinth, soon after which, on account of sickness, he was honorably discharged, in 1862. About this time he settled in Ten-e Haute, where he was a merchant for two years. In 1875 he came to Dallas, where, besides the business already mentioned, he is intei-ested in a store. On national questions he is a Repub- lican, but takes no active part in the political machinery. As to the fraternal organiza- tions, he is a member of George H. Thomas Post, No. 6, G. A. R., being the present Com- mander. In 1899 he was Junior Vice Com- mander of the Department of Texas. In 1857, at Charleston, Illinois, Mr. Cott- man was first married to Mary Bails, a native of Coles county, same state, and a daughter of Levi Bails, a native of Tennessee, who settled HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 5G9 in that county in 1834:, and died there some years ago. Mr. and Mrs. Cottman have four cliildren, namely: Minnie, widow of Charles Parker and residing on Cable and Pearl streets, Dallas; Wilbur, Laura, wife of Paul Hoppe, in Dallas, on Elm street, and Lena. tENRY EXA.LL, of Dallas, was born at Richmond, Virginia, August 30, 1848. lie is son of Rev. George G. Exall, a Baptist minister well known in Virginia and the South, who moved from England when but a child. His paternal gandfather was an English astonomer and divine of consid- eralde renown. His mother is Angy E. (Pierce) Exall, a daughter of Joseph Pierce, who was a ship-builder of Philadelphia, and the representative of a family long prominent in naval construction in this country. Both branches of his family have an ancient and honorable lineage that extends to a very early pciod in American and English history. Mr. Exall's early education, interrupted when he was thirteen years of age by the Civil war, was acquired at his father's acad- emy. Two years later his strong Southern sympathies made liim a soldier in the cause. He was the boy of his brigade, but hia brave and brilliant soldiership marked him even then as the child of destined success. At the battle of Ream's Station his brigade commander presented him with a sword in recognition of his gallant services. At the close of tlie war he studied law, but very soon abandoned it for the wider and more active field of com- mercial life. In 1867 he moved from Vir- ginia to Kentucky, where he engaged in mer- cliandising and the manufacture of woolen goods. In 1869 he was married to Miss Em- ma Warner, of Owensboro, Kentucky. Three children were born to them, all of whom died when quite young, and in 1875 his wife also died. In 1877 business affairs brought Mr. Exall on a visit to Texas, and, when he surveyed the great possibilities of the grand State, for whose industrial development he was to do so much, he determined to sever his ties of residence with old Kentucky and become a. Texan. He has represented the State of Texas at conventions of cattle-men, banker's associations, commercial congresses, expositions and political conventions at many and various times. In 1884 he was one of the representatives of the State in the con- vention that nominated Mr. Cleveland for the Presidency, and the same year he was a delegate to the National Cattle-men's Convention which metat St. Louis. He was appointed vice-presi- dent for Texas of the Cotton Centennial held at New Orleans in 1885, and the same year was also appointed Colonel and Quartermas- ter-General of the Texas Volunteer Troops. In 1887 Mr. Exall was elected vice-president for Texas of the American Bankers' Associa- tion held at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and dur- ing that year he also assisted in the organi- zation of the North Texas National Bank of Dallas, of which lie is vice-president ; was chairman of the Stace Democratic Com- mittee during the stormy time that pro- hibition promised to split the Democratic party in twain ; and in 1889 was president of the Texas State Fair and Dallas Exposi- tion, one of the most successful institutions of its character in the country. In all these places he has i-eflected credit on himself and on his State, and whether in a State or Na- tional Convention his conspicuous superiority as a man of force, fearlessness and character, has made him a figure of attraction, and given him a place as the equal of the best of his fellows. In the discharge of his duties 570 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. as a representative he displays the enthusi- astic interest of a personal champion of a personal friend, and always, whether acting for himself or for others, his task commands his best ability. He is a faithful believer in the future of his State, and has told the story of her undeveloped greatness to the moneyed men of the East, and to the traveler from all sections, and has been the means of developing this greatness above and beyond any other. In that development his personal accumulations have approximated $1,000,- 000, a purse that is touched with no sparing hand when the enterprises of his State need enconragement. It may be said with truth, that every dollar of all that fortune he has made for himself is represented by $10 made for the people among whom he lives. Mr. Exall has just finished the construc- tion of one of the most majestic and costly buildings in the South. During its con- struction he might have been seen on any day in light conversation with men who drove the nails, laid the brick, and attending to the details of the work. His mind is so comprehensive that even the smallest partic- ulars do not escape his notice ; this mental scope has made Mr. Exall a successful ex- ponent of all the industrial enterprises that he has originated and promoted. In the city of Dallas, where he lives, everybody is his friend. Here, in 1887, he married his second wife, nee Miss May Dickson, a most attract- ive and accomplished lady, who makes their home a haven of rest from the many cares of his busy life. Mr. Exall's public expressions are always the embodiment of earnest con- sideration for the betterment of all alike, and when they contain advice as to a line of ac- tion, every word is tinged with a heart's sin- cerity. Omission of the mention of the tenderness that characterizes the domestic relations of the subject of this sketch, and the tilial re- gard shown his aged parents would render it incomplete. Incidents in illustration, with- out number, might be given l)y the writer, but it is sufficient to say that it has been, and still is, one of chief pleasures to minister to the every want of the venerable couple who nurtured him in infancy, and inspired his youthful heart with high principles and as- pirations, which have been realized by the force of his own efforts. He is not known as the donor of any conspicuous gift in char- ity, but he is the quiet distributor of more alms to worthy objects than the average man of twice his wealth. And while in his mod- esty he prefers to remain the sole repository of the secrets of his own benevolence, it is known to all that no man ever disclosed to hiin a worthy cause with a request for help that he did not receive a prompt and liberal response. He has beeu repeatedly urged by both press and people to allow himself to be- come a candidate for Governor, but has al- ways declined to become a candidate. As a Democratic Commissioner-at-large for the United States (appointed by President Har- rison) to the World's Columbian Exposition, he will bring to bear upon its organization and development rare business abilities, and, such as cannot fail to be of great value and assistance to his fellow-commissioners, the peophe of the United States at large and to the people of Texas in particular. ^1^ T. HOLLAND, one of the representa- WM\ tive farmers and stock-raisers of Dal- TSAg * las county, was born March 1, 1846, a son of James Holland. When but two years of aee he came with his father from Illinois HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTT. 571 to Texas, and settled on the place where he now lives. He has followed farming and stock-raising from his youth, and received his edncation in the common schools of this county. By hard lahor and close attention to his business he has " managed to live," and is now the possessor of 1,000 acres of fine land, all of which is fenced, and 200 acres is under a fine state of cultivation. His land lies about twenty miles southwest of Dallas, in what is known as the Mountain creek valley. He is a firm believer and a member of the Christian Church. Mr. Holland was married December 21, 1876, to Miss Elizabeth Jones, a daughter of Isaac Jones, a native of Tennessee. They are the parents of five children, viz.: Claudia, Walter, James, Annie and Gillie. I^ENRY K. BROTHERTON, a retired I m farmer living near Wheatland, has been ^sM identified with the interests of Dallas county, Texas, since 1850. He is a native of Ohio, born in Franklin county, September 12, 1824, a son of Robert and Mary (Kooken) Brotherton, natives of Pennsylvania, the father born in Erie county and of Scotch-Irish descent. His maternal grandfather, James Kooken, came from Germany and settled in Pennsylvania. Robert Brotherton and his wife went to Ohio at an early day and settled in Franklin county. In 1812, at the time Columbus was laid out, they moved to that city, where they spent the residue of their lives. They were the parents of seven chil- dren, six of whom, three sons and three daughters, lived to maturity. The subject of our sketch was the oldest son and second-born, and when he was about eleven years old his father died, the mother surviving him several years. During his youth he was employed as clerk in his uncle's general merchan- dise store at Groveport, near Columbus, and was thus occupied up to the time of his com- ing to Texas. The maintenance of his mother and her family devolved largely on him. Mr. Brotherton was married in the fall of 1849, to Miss Rachel Melvina Minor, a native of Ohio and a daughter of Irving Minor. Her father moved from New England to Ohio at an early period and was there a promi- nent physician and pioneer. In the fall of 1850 Mr. Brotherton and his wife, in com- pany with James H. Swindells and wife, started with horse teams for Texas, then the frontier of civilization, the journey consum- ing several weeks and the party arriving here just before Christmas. He first located on what is known as the Tommy Churchfield farm, buying 640 acres of land and subse- quently 320 acres more. After living there three years he sold out and bought the Dan- iels place, consisting of two sections of land, and lived on it two years. Selling out again, he purchased his present farm which at that time had very few improvements on it. His estate at one time consisted of 1,200 acres in his home place besides various other tracts of land. He has, however, divided his holdings among his children, retaining for himself 400 acres of highly improved land. In 1869 Mr. Brotherton had the misfor- tune to lose his wife, who died, leaving him with six children, whose names are as follows: Charles R.; Mollie, wife of E. Wilmot, of Dallas county; Robert Minor; Ellen, wife of Samuel J. Shultz, who lives near Seymour, Baylor county, Texas; Lucy, wife of Dr. G. V. Hale, Grayson county, Texas, and L. S. of this county. Mr. Brotherton is eminently a self-made man. In connection with his farming pur- 572 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. suits, he has been interested in the Kilburn mill for several years. He has also been somewhat of a trader. At one time he pur- chased a store and stock of goods at Lancas- ter, sellincr out a few weeks later. In 1863 and 1864 he was a member of the Board of County Commissioners. ^. ^ Wa B. WEIALEY, fanner, was born Feb- TtL'fi ruary 12, 1836, in De Kalb county, ^^' Tennessee, the son of Elijah and Re- becca (Dougherty) Whaley, the former a na- tive of Maryland and the latter of Virginia. Of their seven children five are still living, L. B. being the youngest. Two of the broth- ers and a sister still remain in Tennessee, while one brother resides in Lawrence county, Missouri. Elijah Whaley was the son of Thomas and Margaret (Bratten) Whaley, na- tives of Maryland, who moved to Tennessee in 1800, locating in what was known as the " waters of the Cumberland river," near where the town of Liberty now stands. Elijah was brought up on the farm until of age, a few years after which he married and entered the mercantile business on his farm near Liberty; afterward he moved into town, where he con- tinued merchandising, in connection with farming. He was a merchant in both Lib- erty and Sraithville most of the time until his death, in 1859. Mr. L. B. Whaley was reared in the mer- cantile business. When eighteen years of age, in 1854, he went to Missouri, and in Mt. Vernon worked for wages for different firms until 1856, when he and his brother, T. K. Whaley, began business for themselves. December 5, 1861, he married Miss Mattie Hash. During the next year the dangers of the war became so great that he brought his family to Te.xas. Returning to Missouri he enlisted in the Eleventh Missouri Infantry, under Greneral Parsons. He was in Company G, commanded by Captain Howard, in Colo- nel Burns' Regiment, previously Hunter's, in the Trans-Mississippi Department. He was paroled at Shreveport, Louisiana, with the brigade, in May, 1865, when he returned to Texas to look after his family. Here he was first employed by Dr. Kilburn for some time, and then rented a farm for several years. In 1874 he bought eighty acres of wild land, which he at once began to improve, and he has added to this until he now has 165 acres of fine land, well improved; 115 acres are in a fine state of cultivation. Mrs. Whaley is the daughter of John and Millie (Elkins) Hash. She was born in Mis- souri, but her father was a native of Ken- tucky. Mr. and Mrs. Whaley have five chil- dren, namely: Millie H., the wife of R. M. Brotherton; Charles S., Alfred L., Anna R. and Mattie M. ^ ^-<^^>y^^ HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. 573 By this marriage there are two children, — Gussie A. and Charlie. In political matters is a Democrat. He and his wife are mem- bers of the German Lutheran Church. Mr. Cornehls is the superintendent of P. J. Butler & Company's brick yard. The firm employs on an average about twenty-five men, some nine months in the year. The daily capacity of their mill is about 30,000 brick. They have furnished the brick for many of the important buildings of Dallas. ^ENRY L. OBENCHAIN.— The history of hnman intellect will confirm the statement that the power in which strong natures culminate, which fuses force and insight into executive intelligence, ma- tures between the ages of twenty-five and fifty. Subsequent achievements organize themselves around the younger conception. Stepping from the line of the earlier lite, the subject of this sketch was elevated to the As- sistant County Attorneyship of one of the largest and most important counties in the State, and has borne himself in his responsible position with such grace and dignity and discharged his duties with such marked effi- ciency that he won the admiration and favor- able comment of all who have attended the sittings of the court where he practiced. Mr. Obenchain is yet a young man, and has but fairly entered upon a career which is destined to reflect honor upon his name and result in much good to his adopted county. The peo- ple of Dallas county are justly proud of him, and it is with pleasure that we give space to his biography in this history of her repre- sentative citizens. Virginia blood has often flowed in the veins of many of America's patriots and most gifted sons; it need, there- 38 fore, be a source of no astonishment to find that the subject of this notice traces his birth to the State known as the "Mother of Presi- dents." He was born in Buchanan county, Vir- ginia, in 1863, and is a son of A. T. Oben- chain. His maternal ancestors were pioneer settlers in Georgia. While yet a child, his parents removed to Tennessee, and thence to Dallas, Te.xas, in 1874. He attended the public schools, and afterward took a thor- ough college course at one of the leading educational institutions of Virginia. Here he gave special attention to German, Latin and the higher mathematics, thus receivino; a mental dicipline that will be of lasting bene- fit to him in his professional career. Upon leaving college, he took up the study of law, reading under the supervision of the Hon. John Bookout, and, almost immediately after his admission to the bar, was appointed Assis- ant City Attorney. He evinced so decided - an aptitude for this line of work, that in due course of time he was solicited by the county attorney to accept the posision of assistant to him, first in the Justice's Court, and later in the District Court. In this office he has risen to the highest rank as a prosecutor, and has made a reputation for prompt, just and hon- orable dealing that is not confined within the borders of his own county. Among the im- portanc cases he has been connected with, was the defense of J. W. Monk and W. C. Jump, charged with murder and acquitted. In prosecution, S. E. Lane, murder, con- victed; Carter Roberts, murder, life sentence; George Martin, murder, life sentence; John Surrell, murder, sentence twenty years; A. L. Rodgers, rape, death sentence. Since his admission to the bar, he has won a just and envial>le reputation for his devo- tion to the interests of his clients, for his 574 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. skill ill the conduct of cases on trial, and for a certain earnestness of advocacy which rises at times to the dignity of eloquence. His knowledge is comprehensive, and in the de- tails of the law as critical. A tireless search- er, he has improved his opportunities at every step in his career, so that his reputa- tion has not suffered any by the change in the sphere of his activities, incident to his ele- vation to the Assistant County Attorneyship. It has rather served to give him increased opportunities, which he has turned to good account with zeal and ready adaptability to circumstances. He was united in marriage, in 1885, to Miss Josephine Stevenson, of Paris, Ken- tucky, who is a lady of unusual merit and rare accomplishments. They have one son, Roy A., now four years of age. He afhliates socially with the Knights of Pythias, of which society he is a respected member. He is devoted to his home and family, between which and his books he divides his time. He enjoys the esteem of the community at large, and his honorable dealing and courteous bearing have endeared him to a large circle of personal friends. In politics he is a stanch believer in the doc- trines of the Democratic party, and is their champion on the public platform. xRTEMAS BAKER, a prominent pioneer of Dallas county, Texas, dates his birth in Belmont county, Ohio, April 14, 1821. His parents were Artemas and Mahe- tible (Conant) Baker, natives of Massachu- setts. The father when young moved with his parents to New Hampshire. The mother was reared near Cape Cod, the place of her birth. When sixteen years of age, she in company with her fatlier's family went West and located in Portage county, Ohio, in Wind- ham township. About the same time, in 1806 or 1807, Mr. Baker landed in the same neigh- borhood, having made the trip from New Hampshire on foot. He settled in Ravenna, the county seat of Portage county, and took up the practice of law, he having previously prepared himself for this profession. It was there he met and married Miss Mahetible Conant, daughter of Thatcher and Elizabeth (Manley) Conant, natives of Massachusetts. Soon after his marriage Mr. Baker moved to Wheeling, Virginia, where he remained for two or three years, following his profession and working at odd times at the carpenter's trade. He built the first bridge across Wheel- ing creek. From there he moved to Bridge- port, Belmont county, Ohio, where he con- tinued the practice of his profession for a number of years. About 1825 he took a con- tract on what was then known as the national military pike. On this he was engaged five years. He also interested himself in agri- cultural pursuits, having bought a farm west pf Zanesville, Ohio. From that place he moved to the Narrows of Licking creek, where he was extensively engaged in quarry- ing rock, boating on the Ohio canal, and raft- ing logs for a number of years. He was also engaged in building canal boats. In the fall of 1849 he, with several others, boarded a canal boat and floated to New Orleans, from there by steamer to Shreveport, Louisiana, and thence by ox teams to the locality where Ilutchins now stands, reaching their destina- tion in April, 1850. Mr. Baker was the father of seventeen children, several dying in in- fancy. Nine came to Texas and four are still living in this State. He bought land on Bear creek, near where Lancaster is now lo- cated, and lived there until his death, which HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. 575 occurred October 11, 1853. Mrs. Baker sur- vived her husband some years, her death occurring May 22, 1873. Arteinas Baker, Jr., preceded his father to this State, landiiicr here in April, 1848. He took a headright of lialf a section of land on the Trinity river, about fourteen miles south- east of where Dallas now is. Dallas then consisted of only a few log cabins. The first year Mr. Baker spent in Texas was a memor- able one to him. He had the varioloid and afterward the yellow jaundice. His com- panion, William Welsh, took smallpox from him, and Mr. Baker nursed him through his sickness. Previous to his coming to Texas he had been working on a large steamer, ply- ing between New Orleans and Cincinnati, and it was on his trip from Shreveport to Dallas that he was attacked with varioloid. In the fall of 1848 he returned to Ohio, and remained one year. November 8, 1849, lie was married to Miss Laviiia Bordner, a native of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, and a daughter of Peter and Christina (Losh) Bordner, natives of the same place. She is one of a family of thirteen children, twelve of whom lived to marry and have large fami- lies. Mrs. Baker's mother is still living in Fulton county, Illinois, with her son, Wash- ington Bordner, at the advanced age of 102, having been born October 26, 1789. She and Mr. Bordner were married in 1810 and lived together seventy one years. At his death he lacked less than ten months of be- ing 100 years old. Mother Bordner's de- scendants two years ago, living and dead, were as follows: children, 13; grandchildren, 99; great-grandchildren, 217; great great-grand- children, 24. Total, 353. And this number has since been increased. During the past eight years she has made three trips to Texas to visit her children. Soon after his marriage Mr. Baker returned to Texas, locating near where lie had taken a headright on his previous trip. The follow- ing fail he moved to Corsicana and worked at the trade of shoemaker there two years. Then he formed a partnership with Cornelius Vernoy and turned his attention to farming on the head waters of Chambers creek, near Alvarado. In the winter of 1854-'55 he left this place and went to Jack county, settling on the west fork of Keatchie creek. While he was there the Indians became hostile and the settlers had to build forts for protection. At one time Mrs. Baker was summoned to attend a neighbor, Mrs. Cameron, during con- finement. On account of the strange actions of the Indians she was afraid to venture from home and pursuaded Mr. Cameron to bring his wife to her house. He returned for that purpose, but never came back, he and his wife and three children having been murdered by the red men. In 1861 Mr. Baker moved to Dallas county to his present location. His farm at that time was in its wild state; now it is one of the best improved places in the county. Mr. and Mrs. Baker are the parents of seven children: Ilellen Brundage, wife of Andrew Brundage, who is Mayor of Midlo- thian, Ellis county, Texas; Cornelius, who married Miss Lizzie Lawhon and resides in Coke county, Texas; Kate, wife of William Fitzpatrick, lives on the farm witli Mr. Baker; Sallie, wife of James Brundage; Bay- lor, who married Miss Mattie Hinkle, and lives in Wichita county, Texas; May, who wedded J. T. Cates, died in 1890, leaving three children; Bell, wife of Samuel Waldron, resides in North Bend, Nebraska. During the war Mr. Baker was in the Con- federate service two years. He was com- missioned to make shoes and harness, work- 576 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. ing in Dallas. He is now comfortably situ- ated, suiTounded with all the comforts of life. He is an active and earnest temperance worker, and is regarded as one of the repre- sentative citizens of the county. IflMOLEON EDWIN EAKIN, Dallas, Texas. — John J. Eakin, the father of ^ the subject of this notice, was born in Henderson county, Kentucky, in 1822, and was descended from the early colonists of North Carolina. He was a man of fine liter- ary attainments, and was educated for the law. This profession, however, was not at- tractive to him, and he abandoned it for the free, open life of a farmer. He emigrated to Texas in 1849, and settled in Dallas county, near the spot on which he resided at the time of his death, in 1886. He was a man of great integrity of character, and was liberal and progressive in his views. None of the pioneers who faced the privations and hard- ships incident to frontier life, had warmer and truer friends than John J. Eakin. His wife's name was (Jrutchfield, and her parents set- tled in Texas, in 1847. Her father was pro- prietor of the Crutchfield House, a noted old hostelry of pioneer days; it stood on the pub- lic square of Dallas, and although it was long ago pulled to the ground, its memory is green among the surviving pioneers. The eldest living son, Timoleon Edwin Eakin, was three months old when his parents removed to Texas, and he is now among the oldest among the " young pioneers " of the county of Dallas. He was well educated in the Texas Military Institute at Austin, and stood high in his classes. Since attaining mature years, he has been identified with the real-estate interests of Dallas, and at the death of his father, succeeded to the control of the business. He does a general real- estate business, and has largely aided in the development and prosperity of Dallas city. Mr. Eakin was married in June, 1879, to Miss Mamie Hughes of St. Marcus, Texas, a lady of unusual accomplishments. Three children have been born of this union; Erla, a daughter, Allen Gano and John J. Polit- ically. Mr. Eakin affiliates with the Demo- cratic party, and is a member of the Knights of Pythias. PjENRY a. DENNETT, cashier of the Waters- Pierce Oil Company, Dallas? Texas, was born in New Orleans, Louis- iana, in 1863, the third of four children born to James and Marie (Dufilho) Den- nett, natives of Alabama and Louisiana, and of French descent. The father enlisted in New Orleans, in the Confederate service, and at the close of the war he returned to that city, and was engaged in the wholesale grocery business. In 1873, he came to Mar- shall, Texas, where he remained but a short time, and his death occurred in Aberdeen, Mississippi, in 1888; the mother is still liv- ing, residing in Belton. Henry A., our subject, was reared in the city of New Orleans, until his removal to Marshall, Texas, where he received his edu- cation. His first work was with the Texas Pacific Railroad Company, as expense bill clerk, at Fort Worth, and he remained with that company from 1879 to 1883, after which he went to Waco, in the employ of Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railroad, as bill clerk. He was thus engaged until after coming to Dallas, when he engaged with the Waters- Pierce Oil Company. He has full charge of the business during the HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 577 absence of Mr. William Grice, of the company, having thirteen men under his supervision. Mr. Dennett is an earnest advocate of the Democratic party, and so- cially is Deputy Grand Chancellor of Dallas Lodge, No. 70, K. of P., and also Major of Texas regiment. Uniformed Rank, is Grand Prophet in the oi'der of the Orient Sinbad, and is an active worker in both orders. He was married in Dallas, Texas, in May, 1886, to Jettie Williamson, a native of this State, and a daughter of James D. and Delia (Canard) Williamson, natives of Tennessee. The parents came by wagon to Dallas, where they both still reside. Mr. and Mrs. Den- nett have two children, — Wilson J. and Henry A. fUDGE JAMES W. CROWN is one of the prominent attorneys of Dallas, Texas. He comes of a stock and was raised among people who have a high opinion of education. Therefore he was carefully reared but was thrown upon his own resources when but yet a boy. In his profession he has won his way to the front by indomitable courage, energy and unflinching integrity. He and his generation have seen much of the world, have endured many hardships, have found no fur- lough in this campaign called life, but no one among them all has withstood the battles of this mortal life as has the gentleman whose history it is our pleasure to present to our readers. This gentleman was born in South Caro- lina, Beaufort district, St. Luke parisli, July 18, 1840. His parents were James W. and Mary (Monroe) Brown, both natives of South Carolina, the father of Ciiarleston. He was a soldier in the Florida war and his father was a soldier in the Revolutionary war, and bore the name of James C. He died in the early part of the war. His son, the father of our subject, died in 1842. He had lost his wife the preceding year, she dying when quite young. Our subject is the only child of these parents and was reared by his uncle, by mar- riage, Isaac Farrell. At an early age he com- pleted a course at Erskine college. He spent a winter in Florida, then made a tour of Texas, and was in Waxahachie when the late war opened. He returned to South Carolina and enlisted, in 1861, in Company C, Third South Carolina Cavalry, and served in that company until the close of the war, under Beauregard. His command was engaged in the defense of Charleston, did much at skir- mishing, and he was in the battle of Benton- ville, the last in the war. They covered the retreat of the infantry before Sherman's march through the Carolinas. He was never taken prisoner or wounded, and stood the strain of the war very well, being in better health at the close of the war than at the beginning. His company, Beaufort District Troops, was the oldest company in South Carolina, or- ganized in 1796, and Mr. Brown was Sergeant of that company. He came to Greenboro, North Carolina, from Salisbury, by train; a colored boy took his horse and saddlebags, containing his clothes, by the overland route, but neither the boy, horse, saddlebags or wardrobe was ever heard of since. The boy probably utilized the horse and other articles and forgot to re- port to their owner. At Greenboro he asked the commander for a horse to get liack home with, and he was given a mule, on which he proceeded to the Pee Dee river, where he met a friend, who had 200 bales of cotton hidden away in the bottom, which he afterward sold. 578 HI STORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. He was a planter and hired Mr. Brown to finish the preparation of his two sons for college, wliich he did, receiviiicr f200 for his work. He came to Johnson county, Texas, in 1866, and began the practice of law, having read the same in Charleston, South Carolina, and remained there until 1886, when he came to Dallas, where he has been a practitioner ever since, and has been very successful. The Judge was married to Miss Mary Williamson, daughter of Samuel Williamson, of Florence, South Carolina. She died in 1874, aged twenty-five years. She was a member of the Baptist Church, and was a good and devoted Christian woman. The Judge was married for the second time in 1875, to Miss Kate E. Simonds, daughter of Dr. J. Calhoun Simonds, of New Orleans, a distinguished physician of that place and chairman of the Medical Board of New Orleans for many years before the war. The Judge and his wife have five children, namely: Hattie W., aged fifteen; Milton, aged eight; Percy Simonds, aged six; Koena, aged five, and Monroe, aged two. They are members of the Episcopal Church, in which they take an active part. The Judge is an active and thorough Democrat, though he has never sought or held office, and was a delegate to the State Convention of August 16, 1892, held at Austin, Texas, to nominate State officers. The Judge had a celebrated grandmother, on his father's side, in the person of a lady whose maiden name was Miss Wilkes. She had the honor of conversing with Washing- ton, Marion, La Fayette and all the celebri- ties of that day. She lived to an advanced age, dying in the early fifties, when nearly a centui'y old. She lived in the past during the latter part of her life, and loved to relate stories of those thrilling days when all her relatives and friends were in the Colonial war. Mrs. Brown, the accomplished wife of the Judge, has two brothers, Dr. Itichard Har- rison Simonds and Percy Simonds. The former is a practicing physician in Johnson county, Texas, at Alvarado; is in good stand- ing in his profession, and is a very intellectual man. Percy is the owner of a paper, the Pecos News, at Pecos city, Texas. The parents of Mrs. Brown are still living and make their home with Mr. and Mrs. Brown, and arc over seventy years of age. They are Presbyterians in faith. This is a distinguished family on both sides and Mr. and Mrs. Brown transmit to their children a lineage that they well be proud of; l)ut better than all is the unstained name that the Judge hands down to his sons, who, if they follow in the footsteps of their father, will do nothing to soil or mar its spotless purity. UHOMAS BE ANSON.— Prominent among the early pioneers of Dallas W' county was the gentleman whose name heads the article. A sketch of his life will l^e found of interest to many, and is as fol- lows: Thomas Branson was born near Charleston, South Carolina, in February, 1798. He was the son of John Branson, whow as a native of North Carolina, having been born January 12, 1764. John Branson, when a young man, emigrated to South Carolina and settled near Charleston, where he was subsequently married to Miss Sarah Jones. He afterward moved to Koss county, Ohio, and from there several years later to Xenia, same State, and while at the latter place some of his older children married and settled in life. He, HISTORY OF DALLAS GOUNTT. 579 with the other members of his family, moved to Sangamon county, Illinois, landing in what is now Fancy creek township, in 1822, He was the father of eleven children, namely: Eli, born in South Carolina, was married three times, and died, leaving a family in Fulton county, Illinois. Andrew, born in South Carolina, married Susanah Wilkinson, and both died near Athens, Illinois, leaving several children. William, born in North Carolina, January 9, 1791, was taken by his parents to South Carolina. In 1811 the family moved North and located in Chillicothe, Ohio, where, in 1815, he was married to Miss Sally M. Graves. From Ohio he moved to Indiana, then to Sangamon county, Illinois, and from there to DeWitt county, Illinois. He had seven children by his first wife, she having died May 10, 1840. In December, 1840, he was married to Martha Cooper, of Sangamon county, Illinois. In 1847 he returned to Sangamon county, and the following year started overland to Oregon, landing in Folk county, September 15, 1848. By his second wife he had eight children. His family are nearly all residents of Polk county, Oregon. Catherine, who was born in South Caro- lina, was married in Greene county, Ohio, to Fred Stipp. They, too, moved to Sangamon county, Illinois. Two of their daughters, Mrs. Wood and Mrs. Moody, are both de- ceased. Keziah, born in South Carolina, married Jesse Sutton, in Greene county, Ohio. They moved to Sangamon county, Illinois, and thence to Iowa, where they both died, leaving several children in Van Bureu county, that State. Joiui, horn in South Carolina, October 15, 1795, was a teamster from Ohio during the war of 1812. While on duty he was wounded in the hand, which was forever afterward crippled. He was married September 12, 1817, to Ann Cantrall, of Clarke county, Ohio, and by her liad one child. Thomas was the next born, and of him mention is made further on in this sketch. Mary, born in Greene county, Ohio, wed- ded, in Sangamon county, Illinois, Septem- ber 23, 1824, Abraliam Onstott, and died in June, 1815. She had five children, but only one, Mrs. O'Donald, of Clinton, DeWitt •county, Illinois, is living. Rebecca, born in Ohio, married Elijah Harper. She died in Clarke county, Ohio, leaving several children. Nancy, born in Ohio, June 4, 1806, was married in Sangamon county, Illinois, to Dr. Charles Winn, who was born in Virginia, August 13, 1800. They were the parents of Seven children, only one living, who resides at Lanesville, Illinois. Benjamin B., born in Ross county, Ohio, in February, 1810, was married in Sangamon county, Illinois, in May, 1837, to Miss Mary Thompson. They were the parents of two children. Mri Thomas Branson was reared on his father's farm, and followed agricultural pur- suits all through life. He went with the family to Illinois in 1822, and thereafter made several trips to and from Ohio. He was married August 12, 1829, to Miss Elea- nor Thomas, by whom he had three children, Adaline, Alida and Rebecca. Of these only Miss Alida survives. She was born Septem- ber 21, 1837, has never been married, and at present resides near Lancaster, Dallas county, Texas. Mrs. Branson died January 24, 1840. Mr. Branson's second wife was before lier marriage Miss Louisa Cole. In 1853 lie moved with his family to Texas, and bought land eleven miles southwest of Dallas. Here 580 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. he continued his agricultural pursuits the rest of his life, and at his death, October 21, 1 864, he left a large estate. His home place consisted of 1,500 acres of line, well improved and, a large portion of which was under cul- ti vation. He brought the first Durham cattle and Morgan horses to Dallas county, and in- troduced greyhounds and rabbit-chasing. By his last wife he had live children, viz.: Eleanor, wife of Samuel Uhl, who lives on the old homestead; Emily wife of Thomas Uhl, resides near Wheatland on a part of the Uranson farm; Thomas C. married Virginia Hill, and lives in Dallas county: Benjamin L., who married Miss Kate Davis of Mans- field, Tarrant county, Texas; and Augusta, who married F. Fox and lives in West Boint, Mississippi. Mr. Bi'anson was a member of the Meth- odist Episcopal Church, in which he at times officiated. He was an earnest Christian man and in every respect a most worthy citizen. :T*T.T: P. STEPHENS, M. D., of Cedar wimm Hill, was born in Shelby county, l^=^j« Texas, February 18. 1859, a son of G. H. and C. A. Stephens, natives of Ten- nessee and North Carolina. They were the parents of eight children, viz.: James A., John M., William, Preston, Samuel H., Cyn- thia J., LaFayette, Joshua H. and Harrison. All are still living but Cynthia J., and four of the children are married and live in Texas. Our subject's home was in the county of ills birth until he completed his education, which he received at Keatchie, Louisiana, and in Mansfield, Texas. He also graduated at the University of LouisvillC; Kentucky, and at the University of New York, receiv- ing a diploma for the practice of medicine in both colleges. He was married December 17, 1885, to Mrs. Mellie Welder, the daughter of Joseph H. and L. C. Pittman, both na- tives of Georgia. They came to Texas about 18G!J, settling in Goliad county, where he has since resided, and where he has held the office of District Clerk for the past twenty years. Dr. Stephens settled in Cedar Hill after hisgraduation, where he began the prac- tice of his profession, which he has success- fully followed to the present time. 4^ ^ fG. BO YDSTUN, one of the pioneer set- tlers of Dallas county, was born in War- ® ren count}', Kentucky, January 24, 1812, a son of Benjamin and Mary (Gardner) Boydstun, natives of Virginia. The parents spent about thirty years of their life in Ken- tucky, moving thence to Illinois in 1833, where they spent the remainder of their days. August 27, 1833, our subject accom- panied his father to Knox County, Hlinois, where he lived and worked on a farm forfifteen years, and then, in company with his wife and five children, he started for Texas. Ue came by river to Shrevcport, Louisiana, and then in wagons to this county, landing in Dallas May 8, 1848. After looking over the country for some time, he located on the place where he now lives, in what is known as Mountain creek valley. Mr. Boydstun was married August 27, 1833, to Miss Druzilla, daughter of Eobert Grounds, and they have five living children, and four deceased. The mother died Decem- ber 27, 1859, and October 4, 1862, Mr. Boydstun married Mrs. Louisa Vaught, a daughter of George Wilson. By this union there are two children, both of whom are niSTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 581 married and have families. Mr. Boydstun is still living at his old homestead, has lived to see all of his children married and settled in life, and is now spending his remaining days in peace and quietude. He is a mem- ber of the Christian Church, which is lo- cated near his home. fAMES HARVEY TAYLOR, a farmer and stock-raiser, residing near Lancas- ter, is one of the well known and promi- nent pioneers of Dallas county, having set- tled here in November, 1852. Mr. Taylor is a native of Kentucky, born in Warren county, February 11, 1823, the youngest of a family of three children. His father, James Barton Taylor, was born in Fauquier county, Virginia, son of Raleigh Taylor, who was also a native of Virginia, the latter's father having moved from the north of Ireland to Virginia at an early period in the history of this country. Ra- leigh Taylor was a soldier in the Revolution- ary war. He reached the advanced age of eighty-three years, and died in Virginia. James Barton Taylor was reared on a farm in the Old Dominion, received his education in the common schools of that State, and about the year 1816 was married to Miss Mary Dews, a native of Fauquier county, Virginia, and a daughter of Samuel Dews, also a native of Vii'ginia. Her grandfather Dews was Scotch-L'ish, and came to this country from Ireland, settling in Virginia. Samuel Dews was a Revolutionary soldier, and stood within ten feet of CTenerai Wash- ington when Cornwallis surrendered. About 1820 he moved to Kentucky and settled in Warren county, where he passed the rest of his days, and died at the age of eighty-five years. After the marriage of the parents of our subject, they emigrated to Kentucky and settled on a farm. There, September 12, 1823, when James H. was seven months and one day old, the father died from the effects of over-heating himself. He left a widow and three small children. The oldest, Samuel D., is now a resident of Missouri, and John Hamilton Taylor is deceased. The mother subsequently married David Kirbey, a Kentuckian. Mr. Kirbey's father was a Revolutionary soldier and died in Kentucky at the age of ninety-six. After her second marriage the family settled about two miles from where Mr. Taylor had first located, and there Mrs. Kirbey spent the rest of her life. She died April 24, 1844, at the age of fifty- six years. Hy her second marriage she had four children, all still living, viz.: Mary Frances, wife of J. B. Higgerman, is a resi- dent of Warren county, Kentucky; Nancy, wife of Leander Harris, is also a resident of Kentucky; David; Elizabeth, wife of Dr. Robb, Kentucky. Mr. Kirbey died in that State. James H. Taylor was reared on a farm and received a limited education in the subscrip- tion schools, and continued to reside with his mother until she died. He was married. May 20, 1847, to Miss Sarah Alcena Harris, a native of Warren county and a daughter of Thomas H. and Martha (Skiles) Harris. Her father was a son of the Rev. William Harris, who removed from Virginia to Ken- tucky at an early day, and was among the first Cumberland Presbyterian ministers of Warren county. The mother was a daughter of Henry Skiles, who went from Pennsyl- vania to Kentucky. The grandparents of Mrs. Taylor died at an advanced age. In 1850 Mr. Taylor crossed the plains to California. The company with which he 583 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. traveled started with mules and wagons. The journey was a tedious one, and, as tlieir provisions ran short, they cut their wagons to pieces and made ])ack-saddles while on the Rocky mountains, and were thus enabled to make greater speed the rest of the way. After ninety-one days he reached his destina- tion, and engaged in mining at Deer creek, crossing on Newby river, remaining thus employed fourteen months. He then re- turned to Kentucky, making the journey by water, being two months and seven days en route and arriving June 1, 1852. The following September he started with horse teams, in company with his father-in- law's family, for Texas, and arrived in Dallas on the 2d of November. He purchased 240 acres of partially improved land south- west of Dallas, where he lived one year. Then he bought a half section of land, one mile west of that place, which, however, he sold three weeks later. He then pur- chased 200 acres of wild land that he im- proved and on it has since made his home. He has added to this property and now owns 500 acres here and has another farm of 100 acres. Mrs. Taylor's parents have both passed away, Mrs. Harris dying July 4, 1861, at the age of fifty- six years, and Mr. Harris, June 10, 1874, aged seventy-two. To Mr. and Mrs. Taylor twelve children have been born, namely: Charles Thomas, now of Lisbon, Dallas county; Mary Jose- phine, wife of Charles Brotherton, of this conntv; William Hamilton; James Henry, of Oak Cliff; Mattie Bell, wife of E. D. Langley, this county; Rumsey Eugene, a physician of Lancaster, Dallas county; Em- ory Alvas, of Clay county; Harvey Dews, of Clay county, Texas; Bettie Ann, Nancy Cordelia, Amanda Dora and Dick Harris. Mr. and Mrs. Taylor are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, of which he is an Elder. He is eminently a self-made man. By his strict integrity, his honorable business methods and his genial manner, he has won the confidence and esteem of all who know him. VI. DAVID KING, one of the pioneer physicians of Dallas county, was born W^ in Bedford county, Tennessee in 1818, the second of seven children born to Needliam and Rebecca (Hicks) King, natives of North Carolina. The parents were married in the latter State, and in 1814 emigrated to Bed- ford county, Tennessee, where he w as engaged as a farmer and carpenter, and later in life practiced medicine. He lived in many differ- ent places in Mississippi, Missouri and Illi- nois, and hisdeath occurred in Conway county, Arkansas, in 1858; the mother died several years before, in McNairy county, Tennessee. Dr. David King, the subject of this sketch, was reared to farm life and received a limited education in the schools of Bedford county, Tennessee, and at the age of twenty-one years he left home and earned money with which to educate himself. He studied medicine at Fairfield, Tennessee, attended lectures at Cin- cinnati, Ohio, and afterward graduated at that institution. He returned to Fairfield and practiced medicine some two years, and in 1851 removed to Dallas county, settling near where Oak Cliff now stands. He bought a farm of prairie and timber land, which he improved, and at the same time was engaged in the practice of medicine. Pie frequently had to go a distance of thirty or forty miles, having a practice over a large extent of ter- ritory. Dr. King remained on his farm until 1870, when he retired from practice and came to the city of Dallas, and the next HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 583 year was elected City Assessor and Collector, and filled that position until 1874, since which time he has lived a retired life. Dr. King was married in Bedford county, Tennessee, in 1850, to Miss Ann C. Smith, a native of that county, and a daughter of Thomas and Mary (Medearis) Smith, natives of Virginia and North Carolina respectively. In an early day they settled in Tennessee, but in 1851 removed to Dallas county, settling on a farm south of this city. They tnade this State their home until death, the father dying in 1866, and the 7nother in 1876. Dr. and Mrs. King have had three children, Mary R., wife of W. D. Trump, of western Texas; Mattie L., wife of E. C. Turley, of Mississippi; and Jeff S., Clerk of the Courts, of Emma, Crosby county, Texas. Dr. King takes active part in politics, voting with the Democratic party. He is a member of the First Baptist Church, of Dallas, while Mrs. King belongs to the First Christian Church, of Dallas. -^^^/^^^-^^/^/^ fAMES M. COCHRAN, a farmer and stock raiser of precinct No. 1, Dallas county, was born in this county, in 1846, a son of William M. and Nancy J. (Hughes) Cochran, natives of North and South Caro- lina, respectively. James was reared to farm life, and educated at McKenzie College, Red River county, and after completing his edu- cation he engaged in the drug business three years. In 1863, in Dallas county, he enlisted in Company I, Gurley's regiment, Gano's brigade, and served during the war. He was in many skirmishes, and was wounded at Roseville, Arkansas, in 1863, after which he returned home. Three months later he again entered the army, and was with his reg- iment until the war closed, when he returned to Dallas county and entered McKenzie Col- lege. He has opened up and improved his farm, and now owns about 400 acres, all of which is under a good state of cultivation. He was the second male child born in Dallas county, and has always taken an active inter- est in everything pertaining to its good, is a Democrat politically, and socially a member of James A. Smith Lodge, No. 395, A. F. & A. M., and also of the Farmers' Alliance. Mr. Cochran was married in this county in 1869, to Maggie B. Lively, a native of Kentucky, the daughter of H. P. and Mary N. (Smith) Lively, also natives of Kentucky, but now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Cochran had three children; Alice E., wife of W. F. Aldridge, of Collin county, Texas; J. Hugh- sie, and George H. The mother died in 1878, and in 1880 Mr. Cochran married Nannie M. Clark, a native of Tennessee, who died in this county in 1881. He was again mar- ried, in 1884, to Hattie M. Bowlin, a native of Virginia, and daughter of James and Mary (Richmond) Bowlin, natives of North Carolina and Alabama respectively. The mother settled in Dallas county, Texas, about 1881, and the father died in Tarrant county, this State, in 1871, and the mother still resides in this county. Mr. and Mrs. Coch- ran have three children; Amrie A.; Katie Lee, and James R. ■^-^xy\n/ly~ ■'in/i/^^-^ ;UINCY A. SWEATT, deceased, was the son of Edward Sweatt, who was born in the Old North State but af- terward moved to Wilson county, Tennes- see, thence to Collin county, Texas, in 1851. He was finely educated and was in tlie minis- try of the Christian Church for many years, but died in 1854. In early manhood he was 584 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. married to Miss Mary Rash, and they had nine children, of whom the subject of this sketch was tlie eighth. He was born in Ten- nessee, in 1825, but came to the Lone Star State with liis parents and for some time was a resident of Collin county, where he taught school for two years. He afterward came to Dallas county and entered the em- ploy of Madison Miller as salesman in his &tore, remaining in his employ until 1860, when be enlisted in Terrill's Regiment and Captain Payne's Company, with which he served until the close of the war. He then returned to this county and followed mer- chandising and farming, and next he went to Ferris, Ellis county, where he opened a mer- cantile establishment with a partner in 1875 and continued it until his death in 1884. He was married in 1854, to Miss Mary C. Miller, a daughter of Madison M. and Isabel Miller, a sketch of whom is given in this volume. She was born in Alabama in 1838, but in 1846 came to this State with her parents. Mr. Sweatt was for many years an Elder in the Christian Church, of which he was an earnest member, with which church his widow is also connected. He was a man of even tem- per, with a high sense of honor and was of a charitable and kindly disposition. D. MITCHELL was born in White county, Tennessee, March 23, 1837, son of W. L. and Sarah A. (Moore) Mitchell, natives of Tennessee and South Carolina, respectively. W. L. Mitchell was born in Overton county, Tennessee, in 1806, was reared on a farm and all through life fol- lowed agricultural pursuits. He was a babe when his father moved to White county, where he, W. L., remained till death, February 27, 1878. He was the father of sixteen children, having been married three times. His second wife, Elizabeth, was the daughter of William B. Warren, and his third companion was, be- fore her marriage, Sarah A. Cornelius, a na- tive of Georgia. By his first marriage he had thirteen children, of whom only four survive, namely: Slacy A., wife of J. A. Brogdon, resides in Dallas county, Texas; Minerva, widow of W. B. Brogdon, now residing in Dallas county, S. D., the subject of this sketch; and Amanda, wife of Fletcher Keathley, who lives at Irene, Hill county, Texas. The others died in infancy. S. D. Mitchell was reared on his father's farm and was educated in Burritt's College, Spencer, Yan Buren county, Tennessee. He enlisted in the Confederate service April 21, 1861, and entered the Sixteenth Tennessee Infantry, Company I, this regiment being commanded by Colonel Savage. He was in seventeen general engagements; was with General Robert E. Lee all through Virginia, and also fought under Lieutenant-Generai Longstreet and General " Stonewall " Jack- son. In all his service he received seven wounds, two of which were of a severe nature, one through the hip and the other slightly in the jaw. He was captured at the battle of Chickamauga, Tennessee, but made his escape a few minutes later. He was with General Johnston through Georgia, and surrendered at Nashville, Tennessee, after Johnston's sur- render. All through the war he held the office of Second Lieutenant. After the general surrender, Mr. Mitchell returned to Tennessee, where, July 9, 1865, he was married to Mrs. Maria Lowrey, a na- tive of White county, Tennessee. Her parents, Woodson P. and Nancy P. (Mitchell) White, were natives of Virginia and North Carolina respectively. They are the parents of ten BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 585 children, all of whom married except one, John R., who lives at Lancaster, this county. Mrs. Mitchell had one child by her first hus- band, Flora, wife of Dr. Little of Sparta, White county, Tennessee. By Mr. Mitchell she has two children: W. W., born in White county, Tennessee, August 4, 1869, and F. M., in Dallas county, Texas, June 3, 1876. April 17, 1874, Mr. Mitchell landed in Texas, having sold out his possessions in Tennessee. Soon after coming to Texas he bought land a mile and a half west of Lan- caster, where he liv-ed eight years. He then disposed of the property and bought land four miles west of his former place, living there four years. Again selling out, he pur- chased a farm on Nolan river, Johnson county, Texas, and two years later sold it and returned to Dallas county, stopping about four miles northeast of Mesquite, and living there about three years. During his second year at the latter place he had the misfortune to lose his house and its contents by fire. In November, 1889, he moved to his brother-in law's farm near Lancaster, where he has since lived. Mr. Mitchell is, fraternally, a Royal Arch Mason, and politically, a Democrat. -^-^lAJTM/' ^^ ■'T/in/^^^ L. MOSS, Wheatland, Dallas county, Texas, was born July 16, 1855, on "^^ the farm on which he now lives. He is the third son and child of Azariah Moss, a sketch of wliom appears in this volume. He was reared on the farm, received a com- mon-school education, and remained with his father until he was thirty-one years of age. January 15, 1885, he was united in mar- riage with Miss MoUie Porter, a native of Dallas county, and a daughter of Frank and Mary Cornelius (Derrah) Porter, who came from Tennessee to Dallas county and were among the first settlers of this place. After his marriage Mr. Moss resided at tiie old home three years. In 1888 he built his pres- ent residence, a cottage of six rooms, where he is comfortably situated. His farm on which he lives has 320 acres of land: 200 acres are under cultivation. He and his wife have one child — Virjjie. Mr. Moss is a member of the I. O. O. F., Lancaster Lodge, No. 200. A. MORRIS, farmer. a prosperous „.^ was born in Sangamon county, Illi- " nois, February 9, 1840, the son of Hamilton R. and Mary M. (Jarrett) Morris, natives of Virginia, whose eleven children all grew up and married. Mr. Hamilton R. Morris was brought up on a farm in Ken- tucky, and about 1820 moved to Illinois and married there. During the Mexican war he was in Colonel Baker's Regiment, under General Pillow's command. The Captain of his company was Achilles Morris, a cousin of his, who afterward died in Tampico, Mexico, while in the service. Hamilton was in the battles of Cerro Gordo, Vera Cruz and Mon- terey, and-at the close of the war he returned to Illinois. In the autumn of 1852 he came to Texas, locating first about fourteen miles south of Dallas, on what is known as Ten Mile creek. He resided here until 1854, when he moved to Parker county and pre- empted 160 acres of land fourteen miles north of Weatherford. In 1866, on account of In- dian depredations in Parker county, he re- turned to Dallas county, where he remained until his children were all married, after which time he abandoned his home and lived 586 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. with them until Ills death, at his daughter's, Mrs. Woody, in Parker county, iu 1886. The subject of this sketch, Mr. T. A. Mor- ris, has been a farmer all his life. In 1860 he was in the State service, in what was known as Texas Rangers in Henry Thomp- son's company. In 1861 he enlisted in the regular Con- federate service, placed in Company E, com- manded by Captain J. L. Leonard, in the Tenth Texas Infantry, commanded by R. Q. Mills, the brigade being commanded first by A. Nelson, who died in Arkansas, then by Dishler, who was killed in battle at Chicka- mauga, afterward by Granbury of Texas, in Pat. Cleburne's division and Hardee's corps. His first service was on the coast of Texas. In the spring of 1862 he was taken to Ar- kansas, engaging in an active campaign until January 11, 1863, when he was taken prisoner at the battle of Arkansas Post, con- veyed to Camp Douglas and held there for exchange until April following; when ex- changed lie was placed in Lee's army during the spring campaign, after which he was placed with the Tennessee army, commanded first by Bragg, second by Joseph E. John- ston and lastly by Hood, passing through all the service of that army. He was captured at the battle of Atlanta, July 22, 1884, and taken to Columbus, Ohio, where lie was kept until January 13, 1865. He then lived in Illinois until December, when he returned to Texas. During his ser- vice he was in a number of military engage- ments, among which were the battles of Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, Chancellors- ville and Richmond. December 24, 1867, he married Miss Aman- da Heath, a native of Iowa and a daughter of Christopher and Patsey (Tucker) Heath, natives of North Carolina who came to Texas in 1848, buying the farm on which Mr. Mor- ris now lives. Mr. and Mrs. Heath were the parents of nine children who lived to ma- turity, six of whom are still living, in differ- ent parts of this State. By his own energy and good management Mr. Morris has ac- quired a considerable amount of property, having now a fine farm of 160 acres, most of which is well improved. The buildings on his place would do credit to many of the best farms in the older States. He has a fine two- story frame residence, a large barn in which to store sufiicient grain for his stock the year round, etc. In 1880 he erected upon his farm a small cotton gin, which was operated for several years. In the summer of 1890, owing to the increased demand, he removed his old gin house and built one of greater proportions and having all the modern improvements. The children are: Mattie, Ginnia, Byron P., Albert A., Bouchie, "Willie E. and Thomas Heath. fS. BECKLEY, a prosperous farmer, was born in Switzerland county, In- ® diana, October 4, 1837, the son of Rev. S. L. and Ruth (Mathews) Beckley, natives of Kentucky. The father, a wagon maker by trade, followed his vocation and farming in Indiana, residing there until 1840, when he moved with his family to Dade county, JVIis- souri; and there he continued wagonmak- ing and farming for a few years, and then began preaching the gospel, yet working more or less, managing the affairs of the farm, though his wife and children were doing all possible to advance the work. All his undertakings were crowned with success. When the war broke out he was robbed of nearly all he had, the soldiers at various times taking all his horses and provender. HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 587 Owing to the many trials and troubles he had undergone, his health failed. lu 1868 he sold out what property he had left and moved with his family across the country to Dallas, arriving May 14, purchasing and settling upon a farm near Wheatland, which he oc- cupied until his death, September 14, 1883. Mr. Beckley, whose name introduces this sketch, was therefore brought up on a farm. In the fall of 1861 he enlisted in the State Guards, organized to protect the interests of Missouri. He was in the service about a year, under Captain Tucker, when the com- pany disbanded, reorganized and entered the regular service of the Confederate army, where he was a member of Company A, Regiment of Colonel Smith, Brigade of Gen- eral Shelby and Division of General Price. His period of service was spent principally in Arkansas. During the skirmish at Forms- ville, Missouri, in Price's raid through that State, he was seriously wounded, having to be lifted on and off his horse; but he scarcely ever failed to be on hand for service. He participated in the noted raids of Cockerell, Shelby, Marmaduke and Price, and also in that which was made to Lone Jack, Missouri, on which expedition occurred one of the hardest-fought battles in that State. At one time be was arrested for treason and tried for the burning of the courthouse at Greenfield, Missouri, but he was innocent. After the surrender he returned home, where he remained until the father sold out and moved with his family to Texas; in fact, he accompanied the family to this State. A few years afterward he bouglit and improved a farm of ninety acres, to which he later added seventy acres. Kt length he exchanged ninety acres of his laud for his brother's in- terest in the old homestead, where he has since resided, taking care of his father until his death, and caring also for his aged aiother, who is still living with him, being seventy-seven years of age, still doing her house work. But the father was never idle while able to do anything. He was fond of reading. He was confined to his bed three months before his death. Mr. Beckley, our subject is a member of the Baptist Church at Lancaster. ILLIS M. LOVING, son of James Loving, is a native of Kentucky, born January 4, 1841. His father was born in the same State in 1810, and when Willis M. was about three years old moved with his family to Texas. He built a flat-boat, and, leaving Kentucky on it, he came down the river and then up to Shreve- port. At that point he landed, bought two ox teams and wagons, loaded his goods aud family in them and came across the country to Lamar county. There he raised a crop and remained one year, after which lie moved to Dallas. That was before Dallas county was organized. He spent the residue of his days in Dallas, and died there in 1869, at the age of fifty-nine years. In 1862 Willis M. enlisted in B. Stone's Second Regiment, and remained with the regiment about two years. At the end of that time he was detailed for the purpose of collecting and raising horses for the army, and was at Dallas when the Confederate forces surrendered, at that time having in his charge several hundred horses and mules. While he was with the regiment he par- ticipated in several battles, but was never wounded or captured. After the war he re- turned to the parental home aud remained there as long as he was single. Mr. Loving married Mrs. Mary A. (Fal- 588 HISTORY OF DALLAS OOUNTT. coner) Ewing, who was born in Missouri, Novein])er 1, 1839, daughter of John C. and Martha M. (Lamison) Falconer. Her father was forty-two years old at the time of his death and her mother passed away at the age of thirty-four. Mrs. Loving moved from Missouri to Texas with her first husband, Robert Ewing. By him she had two chil- dren: Lidia, who died quite young; and Charles, who is now a resident of this county. Following are the names of Mrs. Loving's brothers and sisters: John C. ; William; Andrew; Richard; Virginia; Rebecca, wife of Edward White; and Eliza, wife of George Birch. Mr. Loving is the oldest of his father's family, the other members being Henry D.; W. B.; Lucy, wife of W. H. Myers; Susan, wife of C. A. Myers; and Sally, wife of E. A. Davis. All live in Dallas county. Mr. Loving is engaged in farming and stock-raising. He owns a farm of 145 acres near Grarland, which is regarded as one of the best in the neighborhood. He has some fine Durham cattle and a number of horses. In the raising of Clyde horses he is in partner- ship with Robert Murphy. Mr. and Mrs. Loving have one child, Mattie, who is now the wife of W. S. Ram- sey, and lives near her parents. Mrs Lov- ing is a member uf the Baptist Church. jICHARD FLANAGAN, liquor dealer, X of Dallas, Texas. — All cities pride them- ^ selves in the possession of popular places of public resort, where gentlemen can meet and enjoy the amenities of social life un- trammeled by its conventionalities. One of the finest places in this respect in the city is that of Mr. Flanagan, which is conducted in a strictly first-class manner. All its appoint- ments are elegant and no more attractive saloon is to be found. The very choicest of wines, liquors and beers are dispensed over its bar by experienced and courteous attend- ants, and it is the resort par excellence of Dallas. Mr. Flanagan was born in St. Catherine, Canada, in 1854, to Martin and Mary (Kelly) Flanagan, who removed to the Dominion from Roscommon, Ireland, in 1847. They later became residents of Roch- ester, New York, where the father died, at the age of sixty years. Of their family Richard was the youngest, and upon the death of his mother, which oc- curred when he was thirteen years of age, he began to make his own way in the world, and learned the trade of boilermaking at Brook- lyn, New York. Later he worked at Roch- ester, when one day the boilermakers went out on a strike and he adopted barkeeping as his profession, following this in all the prin- cipal cities of the United States. Thus he acquired a thorough knowledge of the re- quirements of the business, and has put that knowledge to a practical use. After remain- ing in business in Cincinnati for some time, he sold out and went to San Francisco, Cali- fornia, where he had charge of the Lick House bar, remaining there nineteen months, leaving there and coming to Fort Worth in 1877, but in 1878 came to Dallas, and after being with L. Craddock for five years, the the firm of Flanagan & Loomiswas estab- lished, their place of business being called The Ofiice. At the end of one year Mr. Flanagan sold out to Mr. Loom is and went back to Fort Worth, and with a brother-in- law opened the White Elephant, and dur- ing his residence in that city he was elected to the position of Alderman, the duties of which he discharged in a manner highly sat- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 589 isfactory to liis coiistitnents. After his re- turn to Dallas he began business under the name of Dick Flanagan, but at the end of two years moved to his present elegant quar- ters. He is an authority on sporting matters and his word is considered as good as his bond. Miss Julia, the youngest daughter of Charles and Minnie Hillar, of Dallas, for- merly of Owensboro, Kentucky, became liis wife in 1879, and by her he is the father of five children, two of whom are now living, Richard, Jr., and Ray. Mr. Flanagan is a Democrat, and socially belongs to the I. O. O. F., the K. of H.. K. of P., the Irish- Ameri- can Society, Liquor Dealers' Association of Texas and the Fat Men's Association. He and his family attend the Catholic Church. T. MACON, a contractor and builder of Dallas, came here in March, 1889, '"^ and has already erected many resi- dences here, as well as the Oak Cliff Hotel and the Christian Church. Besides, he has also put up several business houses, as the Henderson building on Commerce street, etc. In 1890 he employed 250 men. He was born in Alabama, in 1845, the fifth in order of birth of the ten children of E. J. and Mary Ann (Syler) Macon. His father was born in North Carolina and early in life settled in Alabama. He was at first a saddler, and afterward became a planter and accumu- lated considerable wealth, but the ravages of war swept it mostly away. He died in 1863 and his wife, a native of Alabama, died in 1861 — both in Shelby county, Alabama. Mr. Macon was brought up to farm life and educated at Selma. Alabama, and at Cahaba, Dallas county, same State. In 1862, in Shelby county, he enlisted in Company K, 39 Thirty-first Alabama Infantry, as a private, and did service in Tazewell and Murfreesboro, Tennessee, and in the siege of Vicksburg. He was then honorably discharged, but he afterward joined General Forrest's Cavalry, in which he was a Corporal, and was engaged in many skirmishes. The battle of Selma, Alabama, was the last engagement in which he took a part. After the war closed he en- gaged in farming and running a sawmill. He sawed all the lumber that entered the con- struction of the Shelby Iron Works near Birmingham. After conducting the sawmill four years, in 1880, he came to Texas, set- tling in Ellis county and engaging in farm- ing for two years. After that he went to Corsicana, Texas, and thence he came to Dal- las, in 1889. He is one cf the leading and responsible builders, alisulutely responsible and reliable in all transactions We have always found him prompt, reliable and strictly business in all his dealings. Business intrusted to him will have faithful attention and be satisfac- tory. The Gould building is giving excellent satisfaction in every respect, is an ornament to Dallas and a source of pride and comfort to the Texas & Pacific Railway Company. He is universally known as a good contractor and worthy of the confidence which may be placed in him. In 1864, in Shelby county, Alabama, Mr. Macon was married to M. E. Basset t, a native of that State and brought up in Cahaba. Her parents were Joseph L. and M. A. (Gwin) Bassett. Her father was born in England, and her mother in Alabama. She died in 1845, and the father was killed in a sawmill in Talladega county, that State, in 1865. Mr. Macon built the general office build- ing in Dallas on the Texas & Pacific line. This is the best railroad office building in the 590 SiaTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. State of Texas, a building of which Dallas is justly prond. He has also recently bnilt the Waxahachie National Bank and other build- ings of note at Fort Worth and Houston. He is the leading contractor and builder in the city. Mr. Macon is a Democrat, and he and his family belong to the Christian Church. He has had five living children, as follows: Thomas C, Alexander W., Cora and Carrie (twinsj, and John. Three children are dead, viz : Ennna, wife of W. C. Lewis, now a resident of Dallas; she died in the spring of 1892, aged twenty- four years, a devout member of the Christian Church of Dallas; her children are Bassie and Mollie, who are nice, cheery and promis- ing children, and Benjamin who died in 1882, at twelve years of age. The other de- ceased child of Mr. Macon was Willie, who died in 1884. lAPTAIN W. F. MORTON, the popu- lar and efficient Constable of Precinct No. 1, of Dallas county, Texas, was born in Montgomery county, North Carolina, February 9, 1838. His parents were Dr. J. S. ami Sarah A- Morton, both natives of North Carolina. The father was an eminent physician and noted Baptist minister. He was for fifty years a devout member of that church, forty years of which were spent as a missionary in Mis- sissippi and Arkansas, and he died in Lamar county, Texas, in 1887, at the age of seventy- two. None but words of commendation were ever spoken of him. He won all hearts by his devout and Christian character and tire- less work for the reformation of the i-ace. The worthy wife and devoted mother died March 22, 1890, at Dallas, Texas, aged seventy-six years, having been all her life a consistent Christian, never demonstrative in her religious life, but constant and firm, and eminently fitted to be the wife of a self-re- nouncing and hard-working missionary. Tliis worthy couple were the parents of seven ciiil- dren, only three of whom now survive: The Captain; and an only brother, James W. Morton, who lives in Fannin county, Texas; and an only sister, Mrs. Annie H. J. Mar- tin, who lives in Hot Springs, Arkansas. The subject of this sketch was the third child, and was educated in Mississippi, to which State his parents had moved from North Carolina, in 1838. In that magnifi- cent State his childhood and early manhood days were passed. His first enterprise on his own account was teaching school in Missis- sippi; his next was as a clerk in a drug store at Pine Bluff, Arkansas, continuing in the latter position for four years, or until the war intervened between the South and North. He, then, enlisted in the Confederate States army, and was made Captain of Company C of the Eleventh Arkansas Regiment of In- fantry. He served in the Army of the Ten- nessee, and participated in a great many hard-fought battles. At the fall of Island No. 10, he was taken prisoner, and removed to Camp Douglas, Chicago, Illinois, where he was held for five months and eighteen days, and then exchanged at Yicksburg, Missis- sippi, after which he again engaged in the war, in which he continued until its close. His brother, Edward C. Morton, was also captured at Island No. 10, at the same time with himself, and died in Camp Douglas, at the age of twenty years. When the war had closed. Captain Morton returned to Mississippi and farmed for a couple of years in Franklin county, that HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 591 State, after which he clerked in the drng store of E. L. J. Bowen & Brother, continu- ing to retain his position under Dr. R. J. Durr, who bought out his former employers. Being too aspiring to remain a clerk long, he finally bought out the Doctor, and, tak- ing in a partner by the name of B. F. Kitchen, continued in business at that point for two years. He then removed his drugs and otlier stock to Natchez, Mississippi, where he formed a partnership with S. L. Guice, under the firm name of Morton, Kitchen & Co., wholesale and retail drug- gists, continuing to do a successful business at that point for two years. He then dis- posed of his interest in the drug business, and removed to Jackson county, Texas, en- gaging in tlie grocery business in Texanna, the county seat of that county. He remained here until 1873, when he sold out and re- moved to Dallas, where he has been ever since. He was employed for six months by a lumber firm in that city; after which he served a year as a regular Policeman; then tilled the position as Deputy Marshal for two years; later, serving as City Marshal and Chief of Police, for five years, which latter position he resigned to accept that of special oflicer on the Texas & Pacific railroad. After six months he returned to Dallas, and was given charge of the Dallas county jail, serving as Jailor for tiiree years. During this time he withstood several mobs, who surrounded the jail, determined to take prisoners out and hang them. During Pre- sident Cleveland's administration he served four years as Deputy Cnited States Marshal of the Northern District of Texas. In 1890 he was elected Constable, and is now a can- didate for re-election, without opposition. He is honored as a citizen and oflicer, and has discharged his duty without fear or favor. "While on leave of absence from tlie army he was married in Franklin county, Missis- sippi, in 1863, to Miss Emma Guice, an es- timable lady, anil a daughter of J. M. Guice, a prosperous farmer of that county. To this union three ciiildren have been born: the only daughter and first child being Mrs. May E. Price, aged twenty-five years, who lives in New Orleans, Louisiana, and has one daugh- ter, Lillian Morton Price. The next child is a namesake of the Captain's, W. F. Morton, Jr.; the other son being Edward C. Mor- ton. Both sons are in the confectionery business on Main street, Dallas, and are aged twenty-two and twenty years respec- tively. The Captain is a prominent member of several societies, he belongs to the Tanne- hill Lodge of Masons, and also to the Inde- pendent Order of Odd Fellows, as well as the Knights of Honor and the Legion of Honor. In religious matters, he naturally belongs to the Missionary Baptist Church, in the in- terests of which his father was such an earn- est worker. As a citizen the Captain is held in high esteem for his manliness and many other good qualities of head and heart. As a sol- dier and oflicer in the late struggle, his early enlistment and four years of valiant service attest his devotion to a cause that was dear to the Southern people. He was brave, true and courageous, and has a splendid re- cord as a citizen, and is a military and civil officer. -^-^x/m/lr- ^ -^i/irm^~ C. BROWN was born in Maryland, eighteen miles from Baltimore, August 28, 1833, son of Josiah and Mary (Hollingsworth) Brown. His father was born in Chester county, Pennsylvania, and' re- 592 HISTOBT Oh' DALLAS VOUNTr. moved to Baltimore when he was six years old, and his mother was a native of Maryland, the Holliiigsworths having settled in this country in 1685. Both families were Quakers. The subject of our sketch was reared on a farm in Harrison county, Ohio, until he reached his sixteenth year. In 1852 he went to California, embarking in a sailing vessel at New Orleans, making the journey via the Nicaragua route, and after six months land- ing in San Francisco. For seventeen yeai-s lie was successfully engaged in mining in that State, and during that time returned to the States and spent one year. In 1869 he came East, and the following year located in Texas. He then purchased his present farm of 356 acres, which at that time had very few improvements. It was first settled upon by a Mr. Durett, who was killed by light- ning in Parker county. Mr. Brown now has one of the best improved farms in the county, near Eagle Ford, and his residence, an ele- gant, modern structure, is beautifully located on a natural building site. He was married August 11, 1870, to Miss Emma Z. J. Wood, a native of Jefferson county, Ohio, daughter ot Joel and Zeruiah (French) Wood, also Quakers. After his marriage he took his bride to Missouri, pur- chased an outfit, and from there drove to Texas. Seven children have been born to them: William T. M., Nellie A., Florence, Maud, Elwood, Emma and Mabel A. Mrs. Brown is a member of the Christian Church. ilLLIAM K. WHEELOCK, a promi- nent citizen was born in Jefferson county, New York, in 1851. His parents were Rev. Rufus and Hannah B. (Robenson) Wheelock, natives of Vermont and New York, respectively. The former was a Congregationalist minister for forty- eight years. He was a graduate of the Auburn Theological Seminary. After grad- uating he preached in New York, at Cham- pion for four or five years, at Deer river live years, at Danby, Matt's Corners, Mansville and Pulaski for some time, and liis was the best known name in that section of New York or of any in the State. He was con- sidered a man of wonderful ability. His services were sought after by the large churches, but he preferred to remain in the small places, " doing liis duty in that state of life unto which it pleased God to call liim." His last pulpit was Bristol Center. He had preached, Sunday, while on a visit to his son and felt perfectly well, but in a few hours after the delivery of a powerful sermon he was stricken down with a stroke resembling apoplexy. He was an able, faithful minis- ter, a devoted husband and father and a good Christian man. He was released from his labors in the eighty-lirst year of his life. His wife is still living, at Adams, New York, aged seventy-six, and although so old a lady her sweet, Christian piety and pure life exert a religious influence that is felt by every one who comes in contact with her. She is very well preserved in mind and body. She was the mother of one daughter and four sons, one of whom is deceased. One of the sons re- sides in Chicago, our subject in Texas, and the other brother and only sister are residents of New York. William was educated at Ithaca, New York, where he took an academic course, finishing at Cornell University. He then engaged in the employ of the railroad as chief clerk in the passenger depai'tment of the Houston & Central railroad, at Houston, coming there in 1870, and to Dallas in 1871. When he came HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 593 to Dallas he established the first up-town ticket ofSce ever opened in the city. He acted as the passenger and ticket representative for two years, and then was made union ticket agent for all the railroads, continuing in that posi- tion twelve years in all. He was a trusty, efficient official, and gave great satisfaction to tlie public and to his employers. He resigned his position, however, at the end of the fif- teen years and went into the hotel business, with Mr. Hodge, buying out the McCloud and later leased the Winsor, and ran them both for some time. He sold his interests in both hotels in March, 1892. Since that time he has been settling up his business. Mr. Wheelock has served the city as Alder- man for a term of two years, beginning in 1880. Onr subject was married in 1878, October 8, to Miss Fannie Montague, daughter of Henry M. and Susan Montague, of Franklin, Kentucky. Mrs. Wheelock is connected with some of the most prominent citizens of the city, among which are Dr. J. W. Crowdus, T. L. Marsalis and others. Her father belonged to one of the old and best known families in Kentucky. Her mother is still living, and resides with her daughter. She is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. Mrs. Wheelock is an only child, and is an in- telligent, amiable lady, and is well known and highly respected throughout the city of Dallas. Mr. Wheelock and his charming wife have two bright interesting little ones, Rufus M. and Susie, combining all the virtues of both parents. Mr. Wheelock is a member of the K. of J:", and Elks, and is District Deputy of the State in the latter, is Past Exalted Ruler and present Secretary of the Dallas Lodge, and is now Grand Tyler of the Grand Lodge of America, having Just returned from a meeting of the Grand Lodge of the Elks, held at Buffalo, New York. He has taken but little interest in politics, but has been elected by his fellow citizens to represent them as a delegate to the convention at Hous- ton, August 16, 1892, to nominate a candi- date for Governor. When he does interest himself in politics he goes to work in it as he does in everything else, with energy and determination. fOHN E. THATCHER, M. D., physician and surgeon, is one of the young and rising physicians of Dallas, Texas, and was born near Centreville, Appanoose county, Iowa. His parents were Rev. William and Lavinia F. L. Thatcher, the forn)er a native of Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania, the latter of Iowa. The father received a common-school educa- tion, but as he was a hard student he became a scholar of note, doing his own study and thinking. He was converted at the age of nineteen, and at once took a working place in the church of his choice, entering the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal Church, soon after conversion, in the North Ohio Conference. He remained in that conference for some years, doing some hard and efficient work. In the early sixties he joined the Iowa Conference, having removed to that State. He there met Miss Lavina Lantz, to whom he was married in 1866. She was the daugh- ter of Jonathan and Margaret Lantz, resi- dents of Iowa. He continued in the itiner- ancy of that conference until about 1870, when, owing to throat tronble, he was com- pelled to abandon active work. He still con- tinued to preach when needed as a supply, and where there was no one in charge, until the age of seventy-one, his death occurring 594 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. P^ebruary 19, 1886. He was a man of great intellectual breadth and force, of independent, clear-cut views and yet of kindly, gentle manners, broad charity, pure life and conver- sation, and as a consequence exerted a wide influence for good in the different localities where he was called to labor. His death took from the church a man of strong intel- lect, high culture, broad sympathies and most generous disposition. He was married three times, and was the father of nine children. Our subject is the only living member of the third marriage. The third wife's parents were farmers, and her father, J. Lantz, died about the age of seventy-iive years. His wife, Margaret, is still living, an honored and highly respected pioneer woman, residing near Centreville, Iowa, aged eighty-six. She has descended far down the shady side of life and her sun is nearly set. The Doctor's mother is still living, and she is one of a large family of children, only five of whom are now living. She resides at Neosho, Missouri, aged about fifty-six. She was converted and united with the Methodist Episcopal Church in her early girlhood days, since which time she has lived the life of a zealous Christian woman. Our subject received his early education in the public schools of Centreville, and in 1880 entered the Neosho Collegiate Institute for a literary course. He read medicine under his brother, Dr. W. F. Thatcher, commencing in 1886. In the same year he entered the Homeopathic Medical College of Missouri, at St. Louis, graduating in 1889. He practiced six months with liis brother and then went to the Hahnemann Homeopathic Hospital at Rochester, New York, where he served as house physician for eight months, but was then compelled to resign and return to Dal- las, on account of the illness of his brother, W. F. Thatcher. He remained in this city for about seven months, when he went to Montague county, Texas, where he carried on a country practice for about a year; then he returned to Dallas, where he has since re- mained. Here he intends to stay, has built up a fine practice in this city, and has taken his place among the most prominent and influential physicians of Dallas. He is a member of the Texas Homeopathic Medical Society, also of the Rochester Hahnemannian Society. He belongs to the K. of P., and the Fraternal Mystic Circle. He is a rising man, and has a bright future before him as he is sure to be successful. ^ -r®^ ^ ARAH J. McCLAIN was born in Mon- roe county, Kentucky, May 7, 1845, and came with her father to Texas when she was only nine years of age. In Dallas county she was reared, and here. May 10, 1863, she was united in marriage with Thomas J. McClain. They started out on their marriage life young, energetic and am- bitious, and without pecuniary assistance from any one. Their earnest efforts were soon rewarded with success, and they found themselves in easy circumstances. Mr. Mc- Clain was reared on a farm and was engaged in farming all his life. The last fourteen years of his life he conducted a mercantile business in connection with his agricultural pursuits. He was a man of excellent business qualifica- tions and made a success at whatever he un- dertook, in all his dealings observing the utmost integrity. At the time of his death he owned 800 acres of tine land, 600 in Dallas county and 200 in Johnson county, besides town property in Garland. Mrs. McLean now resides in Garland with her little son, the rest HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. 595 of her cliildren having married and left her. Like lier husband, she is a good financier, and since his death has had the personal super- vision of his large estate. She has also pur- chased other property. Samuel Compton, Mrs. McClain's father, was born in North Carolina in 1809. His parents moved from that State to Tennessee when he was a small boy. After he grew up he went to Kentucky, where, about the year 1837, he wedded Miss Kasirah Kirby, who was born in 1819, daughter of Robert Kirby. Mr. Compton moved to Texas in 1854, mak- ing the journey in wagons, being six weeks on the road, and landing in Dallas county on the 1st of November, 1854. There were eleven wagons in the company with which they trav- eled, and the journey was in many respects a most pleasant one. Mr. Compton purchased 160 acres of land east of Garland and after- ward sold and bought laud uear Pleasant valley, in the eastern part of Dallas county. He lived on that farm until 1870, when he he died at the a^e of sixty -one years. Mrs. Compton was sixty-six at the time of her death. This worthy couple had a family of six children, Mrs. McClain being the fourth- born and one of the three who are now liv- ing. Their names are as follows: Bishop^ AVilliam R., Samuel T., who died in the war; Sarah J., Smith B., and Ellen C, wife of John McDonald. Thomas J. McClain was born in Pennsyl- vania, January 29, 1835, son of John and Margaret (Burkstress) McClain. His mother is living at this date, having reached the ad- vanced age of eighty- seven years. John Mc- Clain died at the age of eighty-four years. He and his wife were the parents of eleven children, namely: Alexander; Matilda A., wife of McClelland Stunkard; PriscillaJ., wife of Washington Shell, is deceased; John K.; Thomas J., referred to in this sketch; Samuel; Charles F.; Jessie O.; Mary C, wife of Will- iam Allaway; Sarah M., wife of Mack Hawk, and James P. Thomas J. came to Texas in 1858 and bought land in Lamar county, and after his marriage made his home in Dallas county. During the time he was engaged in the mercantile business he was also Post- master of Pleasant valley for a number of years. He served seven months in the army, after which he was taken sick and was dis- charged on account of disability. His death occurred on his birthday, January 29, 1888, at the age of fifty-three years. Following are the names of Mr. and Mrs. McClain's chil- dren: Priscilla, wife of T. (I Brown; Cora C, wife of William Myers; Bell, wife of Dr. J. D. Mormon; John S., deceased; Lillian, wife of J. A. Martin, and Major Leslie. Mrs. McClain and three of her children are members of the Christian Church, of which Mr. McClain was also a devoted member. G. GRACEY is a farmer and stock- man of Lisbon, Dallas county, Texas, and with the interests of this section he has been identified since the fall of 1848. He was born in Bond county, Illinois, Oc- tober 13, 1833, the third of five children born to William and Isabel (Harris) Gracey, natives of North Carolina, who settled in Illinois in 1818. The father was a farmer by occupation and died in 1842, one year after the death of his wife, his birth having occurred June 11, 1796, his wife being thirty-eight years of age at the time of her death. After the death of his parents C. G. Gracey found a home with relatives, but when he was ten years of age he started out to make his own way in the world, and possess- .'•96 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. ing but little education and being unac- quainted with the ways of the world, he found it quite difficult to secure a livelihood for a number of years. After working at different employments and in various local- ities for a number of years he finally drifted to Texas in 1848, coining thither with a man named John B. Robinson, the journey being made by team in thirty days. Mr. Gracey was engaged in stock-driving for one year, the two subsequent years being spent at various occupations. He then purchased 160 acres of land near Cedar Hill, but he after- ward purchased a farm of 200 acres near Lisbon, which he greatly improved. In the spring of 1862 he enlisted in Company K, Nineteenth Texas Cavalry, and served princi- pally in Arkansas, Missouri, Louisiana and Texas, participating in the raid of Cape Girardeau, Missouri, and in the expedition down the Red river. After the war closed he returned to Dallas county and settled down to farming, and is now the owner of a fine farm of 322 acres the most of which is in a high state of cultivation. In September, 1866, he was united in mar- riage to Miss Sophia Hill, a daughter of Isaac and Pauline B. (Carter) Hill, who were born January 30, 1804, and Novemljer 28, 1813, and died October 1, 1861 and October 3, 1861, respectively, their marriage having been celebrated June 5, 1834. To Mr. and Mrs. Gracey the following children were born: Charles W., of Hall county; Nora Eleanor, the wife of J. W. Morrison, of Hall county; Eddie, who died in infancy; Harvey Hill; a little daughter that died in infancy; Olivia Bell ; Jessie who died at the age of two years; Eugene R. and another child that died while a babe. Mr. and Mrs. Gracey are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, and he is considered by all one of the useful citizens of the county. He has succeeded in accumulating valuable property and has sur- rounded himself and family with all the necessary' comforts of life, and has also given his children good educational advantages. -Il^^( ^ LFRED PEMBERTON, deceased, was a native of Tennessee, and came to Dal- las county, Texas, some time in the 'SOs. Here he engaged in agricultural pursuits and continued thus employed until the breaking out of the Civil war, when he enlisted in the Confederate army and served faithfully until the close of the war. After his return he was married, October 16, 1865, to Mrs. Josephine Eddy, a daughter of William Myres, a pioneer of Dallas county. After his marriage, Mr. Pemberton settled on the old homestead of Mr. Myres, where he followed farming successfully until the spring of 1887, when he purchased a finely improved farm of 110 acres of J. O. Ricketts. One month after his settlement on this place Mr. Pem- berton died, aged forty-eight years. To him and his wife two children were born: William and Lula — both now living with their mother. Mrs. Pemberton is the youngest of the live children born to William and Ann Myres, natives of Garrard county, Kentucky, and of German ancestry. William Myres was born in 1801, a son of Louis Myres, who moved from Maryland to Kentucky in an early day. Ann Myres was the daughter of Jacob Myres of Kentucky. William Myres was reared to farm life, and after reaching manhood began dealing in stock, and continued that business until November 1, 1846, when he and his wife and five children came to Texas, which was then the frontier of civilization. He first settled on a tract of land three miles -^'^^^Z^- y^x^X^ HISTORY OP DALLAS COO NT r. 597 soutliwest of Dallas, purchasing a small im- provement and taking a headright in Peters' colony, where he resided the rest of his days. His deatii occurred in 1871, at the age of seventy years. His wife died in 1870, aged sixty-nine. Mrs. Pemberton was a child when she came to Dallas county, and here she was reared. She remained with her parents until her marriage with Ezra Eddy, who came from niinois to Texas at an early period. He followed farming until the breaking out of the late war, when he enlisted in the Con- federate service. He died at Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1863, aged twenty-five years. Tiieir union was blessed with one daughter, Eleanor, who died in the twentieth year of her age. Mrs. Pemberton, with her son and daugh- ter, resides on their beautiful farm, eight miles south of Dallas. She is a member of the Christian Church, of which Mr. Pember- ton was also a consistent member. KEARNEY J. KIVLEN is a native of Sligo, Ireland, who emigrated to Amer- ica with his parents when six years old, and settled in New York city. There he was educated in the College of St. Joseph's parish of Christian Brothers. In 1857 he removed to Davenport, Iowa, where he remained four years. In 1861 he went to St. Louis, and when the Civil war broke out he enlisted in the defense of his adopted country, and fought the Indians in Minnesota and Dakota, under ex-Governor Sibley, then general in command of the expedition against the Little Crow tribe of Sioux In- dians, who had slaughtered the white settlers at different points. Returning to St. Louis he joined theCom- missary Department at Chattanooga, Tennes- see, and served four years in this position. He was on active duty during the battle of Look- out Mountain under Captain A. D. Baker, and was afterward under Captain Toole until the surrender. When peace was declared he went to Atlanta, Georgia, and embarked in the grocery business; he remained there one year, meeting with fair success. He re- turned to Davenport. The Fenian excitement was running high, and he being adventurous was the first young Irishman to sign his name to the military department of the Fenian organization. He was elected Lieu- tenant of a company of eighty-six men, who left Davenport, Iowa, to march to Canada to fight for the cause of. hia native country. He eventually ijMVted into the cooper busi- ness, which he had learned from his father. He himself is the Kfth generation of coopers, and is a thorough master of the craft. He lived for a time in Bunker Hill, Illinois, where he became actively interested in politics. In 1874 he removed to Texas, and carried on his trade in Sherman, Denni- son and Funis. In 1876 he came to Dallas and opened business in a small way, which he gradually built up until a corporation was organized, known as the Dallas Cooperage. Company, the incorporators being Kearney J. Kivlen, T. F. Ennis, F. M. Cockrell and George J. Dexter. Mr. Kivlen has the man- agement of the concern, which turns out 300 barrels daily and manufactures all kinds of goods in this line. Mr. Kivlen was married in 1872 at Bun- ker Hill, Illinois, to Miss Mary Gilligan, a native of New York city. Seven children were born to this union, six of whom are still living: Maggie, Annie, Daniel, Charles, Nellie and Kearney. Bessie Lee died in in- fancy. The family are members of the 1586, Tlie Sttaer TTii narr-jcfi x i^.'jitvL -jae 'S>iv&ah^ LJ- ISSSi. in CbiEaaa. hi ltrs> Svan. T»iia iai me ismit ay h^ fermemL ar- CTe& Wt- S£7isLB» nTtHnOBr ^ jooie ^ tiffian are me CatJHWm Wrrfgrng 'ffi Aaiaaat 5&e gifjjim rf ^^rtaoa. aod Ette A_ ft. H - W. (rii .jf IMIaft. DoEms naac sine ie ias ae- ennei t&e ■ r wrfwiw «EECIuKBxaa.-ir :iie l^isrd. of WaOBT Conmiaraanes. alua Cluurman. III I riBiirni|» TTiuf III! I &mi_ HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 599 he knew but little of that life, but as there was hardly any other source of livelihood in this country at that time, he was forced to turn his attention to agriculture. Mr. Henry bought and improved a small place near the old town, where he was engaged until 1863, and at that date he moved to the village of Lancaster. The Civil war having come on in the meantime, and a pistol factory having been established at this place, he was em- ployed as an engraver in this factory. He was soon, however, forced in the Confederate service, was taken to Houston and other places, and kept during the winter of 1863- '64. In the spring of the latter year he made preparations to make Lancaster his perma- nent home, and in 1886, after the close of the war, took active steps toward establishing himself in business. In the spring of that year, Mr. Henry went to Houston and Galveston purchased a small stock of goods, with which he opened a store at Lancaster. A few years later his son PanI, who had for some time prior to that been in the mercantile business at San Antonio, and the younger son, R. P., became interested in the business, but which was continued in the name of the father. A branch store was soon established at Hntchins, this county, which was placed in the hands of the younger son. The partnership was dissolved in April, 1874, and the father and vonnffest son en- gaged in business in Lancaster, under the firm name of Paul Henry & Son, which was continued until January. 1880. In that year the father resigned his business at Lancaster and his interest to the establishment at Hntchins, under the name of Paul Henry & Son, which he continued until 1888. For some years prior to this Mr. Henry had made his home at Dallas, but returned to Lancaster to- ward the close of 1888, where he died, De- cember 18, 1890, at the age of seventy-two years. He led an active life up to the close of his career, and attained a fair degree of success for one of his means and opportuni- ties. He was of an ardent temperment, pos- sessed quick intelligence, was well informed, social in disposition, and above all things be- lieved in the rights of man, and always stood for their strict observance. He served the people of Lancaster as Postmaster for many years, and gave satisfaction in this capacity. He retained to his death a taste for his art as an engraver, and kept in his possession un- til three years before he died his press and lithograph stores, which he brought from France. His wife, nee A. Adelaide Dehogue was a native also of Charteiean, France, and accompanied her husband to this country. She shared his fortunes through his early struggle for a few years only, when she passed away. Of their four children all but one are now living, and are residents of this county, viz.: the wife of J. Revershan, who resides near the city of Dallas; Paul, the eldest son, died at Lancaster December 22, 1889, leav- ing no family; Rene Paul, a citizen of Lan- caster; Asia Adelaide, the wife of Henry B. Lloyd, who resides in the southern part of the county. R. P. Henry, the youngest and only sur- viving son of J. P. and A. Adelaide Henry, was born in Charteleau, France, January 22, 1850, and was only five years of age when his parents came to this country. The first seven years of his life in this county was spent on his father's farm west of Dallas. Unfortunately just at the time when he should have been in school the war came on, and the schools were broken, as were most of the families. He attended a select school taucht by the Misses Jacobs, where he re- ceived the rudiments of a fair English edu- GOO HISTOBT OF DALLAS COUSTT. cation. After attaining a suitable age he left school and b^an to earn a livelihood, and was varionsly engaged, while jet a boT, before taking an interest in the mercantile bneines* with his father. His name first be- came known in business in 1S7-L when he and his father entered into a partnership as Paul Henry & Son. in Lancaster. As has already been mentioned Mr. Henry was in- terested in mercantile pursuits in Lancaster and Hutchins, in this county, either alonei. or in connection with his father and brother. During this time and more especially of late years, he has been interested in the cotton and real-estate business. In January. 1S91. he established the business, with which his name has been most prominently connected since. At that date he organized the Bank of Lancaster, which, although a compara- tively new institution, fills a long felt want in that community, and which promises to de- velop into an institution of which the founder, as well as the village, mav be proud. Mr. Henry has done business for many years in the southern part of this county, and he is well and favorably known to the citizens of that locality. The success he has attained is a sufficient guarantee of the correctness of his methods. Mr. Henry also possesses about 1,000 acres of land most of which lies in Dallas county, and also valuable property in the city of Dallas. He does business with some of the heaviest financial institutions in the city, being a stock-holder in the City National Bank, the Xorth Texas National Bank, and is also a director in the Fourth National Bank of Dallas. Like his father Mr. Henry has never sought pnbUc ofiice, preferring the paths of private life and the certainties of an honest livelihood. He was marriel May 9, 1S76. to Miss Nannie D. Knox, a daughter of Washington Knox, then of this county, but originally from Boone county, Missouri, where Mrs. Henry was bom and partly reared, her j)arents having moved to Texas since the war. To Mr. and Mrs. Henry have been bom five chil- dren: Stella, Mary. Paul. Jennie and E. P. Mr. Henry is a member of the Knights and La- dies of Honor, and to his family, fraternities, friends and associates he always shows the kindness and sympatbic devotion of a friend. ^ TRICK McDONOUGH, Duncanville, Texas. — The subject of this sketch has been identified with the interests of Dallas county since 1873. He was born in Ireland. February 9. 1846, son of Patrick and Judith (Lydon) McDonough. natives of the same place. His father was a farmer in the old country, and in 1848 he and his wife emigrated to America, leaving their chil- dren, the subject of this sketch, then two years old, and an infant, with Mrs. McDonough's parents. Here they went earnestly to work to make a home. Mr. McDonough finding employment on a raUroad in New York State and his wife keeping a boarding-house. At first, however, she was employed in a farmers family. In 1852. having saved her earnings, they sent means to bring their little ones to this country, and in due time the grand- mother and uncle arrived with them. Mr. and Mrs. McDonongh being in Viminia at that time. Mr. McDonough continued to work on the railroad until he had saved means enough to emigrate to the Territory of Minnesota. There he pre-empted 16. w^e" ne wsat to Anbom and et^aged in mercanrl.e busiiieaw Ten jeais later, in 187S. he re- , turned to Dallas, and engi^ed in the grocer bosinees. under the firm name of Worthily- i ton & Franklin, ontil 1891. In 1889 he ' erected his present resadenee on MeKinnej a venae. Febraary 13, 1»S3, iLr. Worthington mar- ried Elizabeth C. Lae^, widow cl 6. F. LaeeT, and a daoghter of Ahab and Mary (Easfej) Bowen, natives of Tenneseee. The parents came to Dallas coantj. in 1^)65, where the mother died, in 18S9. and the i father is still living in this dtj. Mr. and Mrs. Worthington have one child. Tema. I Tbej are members of the MethodistTpiseopal ' Chnreh. and policicallj. Mr. Worthington is a Democrat. iT. REV. ALEXANDER CHARLE.S GARRETT. Bishop of Northern Tesas, residing at Dallas, was bom in eoantj S%o, Ireland, in 1^32, the joangest child . of RcT. John Garrett, rector of Ballymote ^ parish for half a eentnij, the living being held by his grandfather and great-grandfather for IS^J Tears. His father was a man of sterling traits of character, leaving his imprint ' npoa his time. He died in 1S54. His wife, j before marriage Eliza Fry. was the daughter of Henry Fry, of eoanty Roscommon, Ire- land. They had Hfteen children: five of the sons became ministers of die gospeL Early in life, Mr. Garrett, whoee name heads this notice, was sent to school at Laean, near Doblin, where he eontinaed for eight years, when he entered the Cniv»sity of Dnblin, with the nltintiate view of edaeating :ii"se-: ri'T tie "I'lrTrr. ri'^-'iT iii ;•■«"' ■5"iv - c his .::e.-^ry work. He graduated as Baehdor of Arts in the first dass. Then be took a di- vinity coarse, and the Divinity Testimoniam in 1^56. and was wdained deaeoB in Joly that year, and in Joly next year as priest. He s»-ved thee years as carafie to Bev. Thomas Lowndes, rector of East Woridham, in Hamp- shire. England. Next he served tea years as a miseioaary on the northwest coast of Amer- ica in TaneoBv^s Island; then he took the palpit of St. James' Church in San Franeiseo until 1S72: next he served in the cathedral at Omaha, Nebraska, until 1874, whoi he was d^eeted to the episcopate by the general con- vention. Was consecrated missiooary Bishop to northwestern Texas at Trinity Cfaardi in Omaha, December 20, 1374, by the Rev. Robert H. Clarkson. D. D„ Bishop of Ne- Uaska; Rf. Rev. Daniel S. Tattle. S. T. D.. Bishop of Utah: the Rt. Rev. William H. Hare. D. D„ Bishop of Niobrara, and Ri. Rev. John F. Spaalding, D. D., Bishop of Colorado. He received the degree of LL. D. from the university in 1S76, and that of D. D. from the University of Dublin in 1SS2. When he arrived in Texas. December 31, his territory embraced 1<».*XN} sqnare miles, and in this vast tract there were only three diurdi buildings of his denomination, and they were smalL wooden structures. He began work at onee, by p»sonal visitation. When after that the first annual convoca- tion met. the Bishop had prepared ^The Bish- op's Primary Charge,'" — a production that stands withoat a rival for far seeing wisdom and deamess of instmetioa. After Xea years of work the plan has not been changed, all the wotk bdng performed, as the documents will show, along the primitive road. As a HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNT F. 603 thinker Bishop Garrett has but few equals, as is shown by his published work. He was married in 1854, to Miss Lelitia Hope, and of their four children only two survive. ijADlSON M. MILLER (deceased) was one of the earliest settlers of '^^^ Dallas county, Texas, and while this is true of many others, few distinguished tlieinselves more for business ability and a strict adherence to the true principles of man- hood than the subject of this sketch. He was born in Georgia, in 1814, but in 1832 removed to Alabama, where he began life for himself at the age of eighteen years. He was overseer of three large plantations, and during his career as their manager, he dis- tinguished himself for his sound good sense, as well as for his managerial and financial ability. In 1844, he enlisted under Captain Wallace, as ranger, at which he continued two years in Texas, at the end of which time he located a homestead, then returned to Mississippi for his two children, and with them returned to Texas and settled on the land, which consisted of 640 acres. He en- gaged in general farming and the mercantile business on a small scale, but the latter enter- prise continued to grow until it became one of the central trading points of a large tract of country. At his death, which occurred April 1, 1860, he was estimated to be worth about $100,000, much of which the rightful heirs werei'obbed of. Mr. Miller was inter- ested in the public welfare and was one of those instrumental in securing the Texas Central Railroad. In 1837, he was married to Miss Isabel McCluskey, born in Georgia, in 1815, the daughter of Benjamin and Mary McCluskey. She was a faithful member of the Bresbyte- rian Church, and after having borne her hus- band four children, died June 11, 1844. Their eldest child, M. C, is now the widow of Quincy A. Sweatt, a sketch of whom is given in this work; William died when nine years old; Josephine and the fourth child died in infancy. Mr. Miller was married a second time, in 1846, to Miss Mary Rawlins, who died in 1857, a zealous member of the Christian Church. She bore Mr. Miller the following children: Benjamin F., who died at the age of sixteen, while serving in the Confederate army; Fredonia died in 1863; Madison M., who was born in 1851, and now resides on the old homestead. March 2, 1880, he was married to Lulu S. White, who was born in 1856, and to their union three children have been born; Lulu B.; Benjamin W. and Flora L. Madison M. Miller and his wife are members of the Christian Church, in which he is now serving as Elder. He is a Democrat politically, and is a member of the executive committee, and president of the Democratic Club. His record as a citi- zen is untarnished, and in all the affairs of life he has borne himself in an upright man- ner, and is recognized as a man of true wortli. ILLIAM W. HOBBS was born in Alabama, in 1833, the oldest child in the family of John T. and Caroline (Bibb) Hobbs, natives of Alabama. Their ancestors were Virginia people, and were early settlers of Alabama. John Hobbs was born in 1812, received a common- school edu- cation, and followed the vocation of a farmer all his life. In 1845, he moved from Ala- bama to Holmes county, Mississippi; his 604 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. death occurred in Kaufman county, Texas, in 1886, at the atre of seventy-four years. He was twice married. By his first wife, nee Caroline Bibli, he liad six cliildren, of whom only W. W. is now living. The others died young, with the exception of Caroline A., who married Thomas Bibb, a distant relative of her mother, She died, leaving a family of fonr children, who are now living in Kauf- man county, Texas. Mrs. Hobbs died in 1844 or '45. After her death, Mr. Hobbs married her cousin, Lemisa A. Bibb, by whom he liad one son, Thomas B., who now resides in Kaufman county, Texas. She sur- vived her husband one year, dying in 1887. At the age of twenty-two, William W. Hobbs left home and came to Texas, stopping in Dallas county, January 1, 1856. From the time he arrived here until May, 1857, he was engaged in teaching school. He then returned to Mississippi. While in Dallas county he was married. He was in Missis- sippi when the war came on, and he joined the Confederate service, becoming a member of Company G, Twenty-second Mississippi Infantry, commanded by Captain Reed and Colonel Bonliam. He participated in many important engagements, and was captured at Atlanta; was, however, only held twenty- four hours. He remained with the army un- til the surrender, when he returned to Mis- sissippi and remained tliere a year. After the war he found himself " broke." He had owned several slaves. He planted a crop, but before it was harvested he sold out and came to Texas. Having but little money, he went to work on land his wife owned. Af- ter their return from Mississippi, her mother gave her fifty acres, and to this Mr. Hobbs added fifty acres more, for which he paid 15.10 per acre. Mrs. Hobbs also had seventy acres she had inherited from her father. This land, located in the Post Oaks, they sold for 11,100, and bought 160 acres, eight miles east of Dallas, paying for the same $5 an acre. That was in 1872, and the land is now valued at $50 an acre. Be- sides this property, Mr. Hobbs owns two other farms — eighty-nine acres of tine land in this county, and 320 acres in Kaufman county. Mr. Hobbs was married, in 1856, to Nancy Beeman, daughter of John and Emily (Hon- eycutt) Beeman. Her parents were among the first settlers of this county, having lo- cated here about 1841. (See sketch of Scott Beeman in this volume.) Mr. and Mrs. Hobbs are the parents of five children: Josephine, wifeof J. D. Herndon; Hellen B., wife of John L. Furgeson; Florence, wife of P. A. Spurlock; Lennie and Gaston K. He and his wife are members of the Christian Church. Mr. Hobbs is a member of the Farmers' Al- liance. He served as Deputy Sheriff two years. J. EMM INS, junior member of the firm of Sonnetield & Emmins, con- ' tractors and builders, was born in Lon- don, England, in 1863, the second in a family of eight children born to John and Elizabeth (Hartley) Emmins, natives of London. The father was a brick contractor, and the parents still reside in London. Our subject remained in his native country until fourteen years of age, where he received his education and learned his trade, having served a four years' apprenticeship. In 1877 he emigrated to New York, remaining there and in New Jersey for two vears, thence to Cleveland, Ohio, where he worked at his trade, and in 1882 landed in Dallas county, Texas. He en- gaged in contracting in 1884, and this firm ^P^^^, d-.i ^u^ HISTORY OF DALLAS COUtirY. 605 has worki'il principally in Dallas, havinjr eroctod the 0. W. Guild buildiiii;;, Leaehmaii bnildiiii;;. Hlakoaiiy luanufacturinii; Imildiiiir, patrol station, the music hall at the fair grounds, and many others. Mr. Eniniins takes an active part in politics, voting with the Democratic party, and in 1890 was a candi- date for Alderman for that party, and made a very creditable race. The same year he also made a visit to London, England. Socially, he is a member of the 1. O. (). F., Trinity Lodge, No. 198, in which he has held the office of Vice Grand. fie was married in Dallas, Texas, in 1886, to Carry D. Percey, a native of Missouri, and daughter of Jefferson and Anna Percey, also natives of Missouri. The father was attorney of Denison, Texas, in au early day, and his death occurred in that city in 1884; his wife died in 1883. Mr. and Mrs. Emmins have three children: Elizabeth, Nellie and Edith. lENERAL WILLIAM LEWIS CA- BELL was born in Danville, Virginia, January 1, 1S27. His grandfather, Joseph Cabell, was a native of Buckingham county, Virginia, and married Miss Poca- hontas Rebecca Boiling of the same county. The father of our subject. General Benjamin W. S. Cabell, was also a native of Bucking- county, Virginia, and married Sarah E. Doswell. William L. grew to maturity on his father's farm, and at the age of eighteen years he entered the United States Military Academy at West Point, and was graduated in 1850, with high honors. He was assio-ned to duty as brevet Second Lieutenant in the Seventh Infantry. He was afterward made First Lieutenant, and in 1855 he was ap- 40 pointed Regiment Quartermaster, which office lie held until 1858. He was then made Captain, and went on duty on tlie staff of General P. F. Smith, who was in command of the Utah expedition. At tlie close of this ex- pedition he went to Fort Kearney to rebuild it, and in 1859 he went to Fort Arbuckle. He was engageil in this lino of work until ho sent his resignation from the regular army to President Lincoln. When this was accepted he started at once to Montgomery, Alabama, and April 19, 1861, he tendered his services to the Confederate Government. He was commissioned Major, and was ordered to Richmond, Virginia, by President Davis to organize the Quartermaster, Commissary and Medical Departments. After some active service he was promoted to the office of Brig- adier General, and participated in many of the most noted engagements of the war. To trace his career in detail would be but a rep- etition of history, but suffice it to say that he was the soul of patriotism and courage, and a constant inspiration to his troops. With iiim it was always " Come," not " Go," and he himself was the first to reaoli the point of danger. He was captured at Mine creek, and was held a prisoner at Fort War- ren until August 28, 1865. In all the scenes of carnage and the bloodshed of battle, the General never foruot his manhood, and de- t'enseless wonien and children ever found in him a strong protector. iVfter the declaration of peace General Cabell returned to Austin, Texas, and reached that place foot-sore and weary. He after- ward went to Arkansas, and engaged in vari- ous occupations; he was a leader there of the Democracy in the dark times of reconstruc- tion. Under many difficulties and the most adverse circumstances he began the study of law, and was admitted to the bar. In De- 606 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. ceinber, 1872, he came to Dallas as a perina- nent resident. He at once took a position as a leader in all matters of importance, and has been repeatedly Mayor of the place. For years he has been in railroad building, but is now retired from active business pur- suits. General Oabell was married July 22, 1856, to Harriet A., the daughter of Major Elias Eector, and they have reared a family of children that have been an honor to their name. They are: Benjamin E., Kate Doswell, John Joseph, Lawrence Duval and Lewis Hector; Pocahontas Rebecca and William Lewis died in infancy. The mother passed away April 16, 1887. She was a woman of rare virtues, and greatly beloved by those who were in a position to know her many merits. The General is Lieutenant General of the United Confederate Veterans, and de- votes much time and thought to the interests of his organization. He is a very popular speaker and is in constant demand to address his old comrades at their reunions and camp- fires. He has written much upon the subject of the Civil war, and he is regarded as an authority upon all que.-tions pertainino- thereto. General Cabell is a man of sterling qualities and unquestioned integrity of char- acter, and is a true representative of the typi- cal Southern gentleman. ILBUR F. THATCHER, M. D., the MM homeopathist of Dallas, Texas, was j^ born in the State of Ohio, near To- ledo, in 1846, and is a son of William and Sa- rah (Welch) Thatcher. The father was born in 1818, and was a minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church for half a century. He died in 1886. The mother was a native of Pennsylvania, and was born in 1819. They reared a family of six children, two of whom survive, the Doctor, and Mrs. Betts, a resi- dent of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Dr. Thatcher was educated in the hig-h school of Toledo, and afterward attended the Normal School. In 1863, at the age of seven- teen years, he enlisted in the Third Ohio Cav- alry, Company L, and went out in defense of the North. He saw much hard service, and was in the army until the cessation of hostilities. Two of his brothers volunteered their aid. One of them was wounded in battle, and was a prisoner at Belle Isle; the other one was captured by the famous John Morgan. On his return to civil life, Dr. Thatcher traveled extensively in the West be- fore he began the study of medicine. He first read under the preceptorship of Dr. Dever of Dexter, Michigan, and then entered the Hemoeopathic College at Detroit, Michigan. He was graduated in 1875, and for a few years was engaged in a general practice. He then took a special course in gynecology, at different hospitals of Chicago, soon after which he came to Texas, and located at Paris. He resided there from 1882 to 1887, and in the latter year came to Dallas. Probably no man in the whole State of Texas stands higher in the estimation of the public than Dr. Thatcher. He is a patriotic citizen, a skill- ful physician, a scholarly and cultured gentle- man.' He has won an enviable reputation in professional cii-cles, and has a large and en- thusiastic patronage. Dr. Thatcher was united in marriage, in 1876, to Miss Margaret J. Craig, a native of Michigan. One son has been born to them, W. Craig, a bright and promising child. Mrs. Thatcher is an accomplished musician, and a woman of excellent traits of character. The Doctor is a member of the Masonic fra- BISTORT OF DALLAS C0UNT7. 607 ternity, and belongs to the blue lodge and chapter. He is also a luember of the CI. A. R. Politically he is independent. He and his wife are both members of the Congrega- tional Church. fOSEPH W. RECORD is among the foremost and most enterprising and de- servedly successful of the many eminent gentlemen who devote their timeand energies toward the material advancement of the best interests of Dallas. Few have achieved so general and widespread influence in real-estate circles. He was born in Lewisburg, Marshall county, Tennessee, in 1846, and in 1853 moved with his parents, George W. and Alice Amanda (Hughes) Record, to Dallas county, Te.xas. The parents were natives of Tennes- see, the father born in Marshall and the mother in Shelby county, and after moving to Dallas county, Texas, the father cultivated the soil until he received his final summons. He was the first Sheriflf of Marshall county, Tennessee. The mother is also deceased. Grandfather Record was a native Virginian but moved to Tennessee at a very early day and there died. Grandfatlier Hucrhes was a native of the Old North State but moved from tliere to Tennessee, where his death occurred. Joseph "W. Record, the fourth in a family of seven children, was about seven years of age when he came with his parents to Texas, and he received a fair education in the dis- trict schools of Dallas county. He was early trained to the duties of the farm, and was en- gaged in tilling the soil when the war broke out. In 1861 he threw aside the implements of peace and took up the weapons of warfare, enlisting in May of that year in Company K, Nineteenth Texas Cavalry, for twelve months. At the close of his term of enlistment he re- organized with the same company and regi- ment. He operated principally in Louisiana, was on the Red river campaign, also in the Arkansas campaign, Missouri campaign, and in Indian Territory. He was in the General Price raid through Missouri and at the final surrender he was on the Brazos river. Returning to Dallas county Mr. Record engaged in farming and teaming, following the latter occupation until about 1872 or until the railroad interfered. He subsequently went to New Mexico and Colorado with cattle and remained abroad one year. Durincr Cleveland's administration he served as Deputy United States Marshal four years, under General W. L. Cabell. He was married in Dallas county, Decem- ber 23, 1872, to Miss Cannie Thomas, daugh- ter of A. A. and Mary (Armstrong) Thomas, natives of Missouri and Arkansas, respect- ively. Both parents are deceased. After mar- riage Mr. Record settled in Dallas, and in 1874 was made Deputy Sheriff under James E. Barclay, serving the entire term. He has ever taken a decided interest in politics and votes with the Democratic party. He is a member of the K. of P., Dallas Lodge, No. 78, and is also a member of the uniformed rank of K. of P. He is a member of the I. O. 0. F., Dallas Lodge, No. 44, and a member of the K. of H. His marriage resulted in the birth of two children: Lula Lee and James E. ^;)M^ILAS HOPKINS, a retired farmer, fflrol '''*^ twenty acres of land and a beauti- ^^^ ful home in the suburbs of Oak Cliff, where he is comfortably situated and sur- sounded by everything that goes to make life enjoyable. He is well aijd favorably 608 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. known liere, having Leen identified with the best interests of Dallas county for many years. A resume of his life is as follows: Milas Hopkins was born in Polk county, Missouri, June 22, 1842, the youngest of the ten children of John and Margaret (Fox) Hopkins. His father was a native of one of the Carolinas and a son of James Hopkins, who was of English and Welsh ancestry. The Hopkins family moved to Tennessee when John was a child, and in that State he was reared and married. The mother of our subject was a daughter of Hugh Fox, who also moved from Carolina to Tennessee at an early day. For a time Mr. Hopkins was en- gaged in farming in Tennessee. In 1834 he moved to Illinois and two years later to Folk county, Missouri, where he lived until 1847. That year he immigrated to Dallas county, Texas, coming here with ox teams. Here he died in January, 1849, at the age of fifty years. After his death Mrs. Hopkins bought 320 acres from John J. Metcalf. Her children improved a farm of seventy- five acres. Their family consisted of ten children: all lived to be grown and three still survive. Mr.' Hop- kins departed thie life in 1864. The subject of our sketch was five years old when he came to Texas, and here on the frontier farm he was reared. He resided with his mother until her death and after that re- mained on the old homestead until the spring of 1868, when he purchased 200 acres of partially improved land, and farmed on it until 1889. That year he sold out, receiving $125 per acre, the purchase price having been §55.80 per acre. Mr. Hopkins was married, January 25, 1872, to Miss Elvira Elizabeth Neelly, a daughter of Pallas Neelly,of whom mention is made elsewhere in this volume. Following is the issue from this uuiou: Mary Lou Henry, Margaret, George W., Grover Cleve- land, Cora Elizabeth, and James who died when two weeks old, and another child that died in infancy. Mrs. Hopkins is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. Mr. Hopkins is a member of the A. F. & A. M., Oak Cliff Lodge, No. 705, of which he was a charter member. He was formerly a mem- ber of the Tannehill Lodge, No. 52. W. NEELLY, a farmer and stock- raiser and prominent citizen of Dallas ^® county, Texas, has resided here since 1865. Mr. Neelly was born in Polk county, Mis- souri, August 18, 1840, son of Pallas and Lucinda (Hopkins) Neelly, natives of Maury county, Tennessee, His father was a son of George Neelly, a native of South Carolina, and his great-grandfather Neelly was born in Scotland, came to America before the Rev- olution and fought as a soldier in that war. George Neelly was drowned in the Missis- sippi river when his son Pallas was six years old, and the latter was reared in Arkansas by Simon Trent, an old friend of the family. The mother of our subject is a daughter of James Hopkins and is of English descent. She and Mr. Neelly went to Missouri, where they became acquainted and were mari'ied. He engaged in farming in that State until the troblons times of the Civil war. Six chil- dren were born to them, of whom three, G. W. and two daughters, survive. James H. died in 1857, at the age of fourteen; John W., a member of Company G, Tenth Mis- souri Infantry, died in prison at Alton, dur- ing the war, aged nineteen; and Thomas S. was killed during a skirmish near Bentonville, at the age of sixteen years. Mr. Neelly and HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. his three sons were in service, and, during their absence, owing to the condition of af- fairs in Missouri, Miss Neelly loaded her household goods into the wa^on with her two little girls, aged twelve and fourteen, and came to Dallas county, Texas. They were eight weeks in making the journey and encountered many obstacles on the way, their oxen dying. After the war she was joined by her husband and they made their home where Oak Cliff is now located. There Mr. Neelly died, on the 5th of February, 1877. Mrs. Neelly is still living, in this county. She was reached the advanced age of eighty-three years and retains her physical and mental vigor to a remarkable degree. He was a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, to which she also belongs. Their son, G. W., was reared on the farm and was at home when the war broke out. He enlisted under General Price, came South and was assigned to Company C, Tenth Mis- souri Cavalry, and was commissioned as Second Lieutenant. At Humansville, Mis- souri, he was wounded in the right shoulder, which disabled him from active service for a year, and from the effects of which he has never fully recovered. He served till the close of the war and was dis- charged at Shreveport, June 8, 1865, after which he joined the family in Texas, walk- ing from Shreveport to Dallas. For two years he engaged in teaching school. Then he purchased a team and utensils and devoted his attention to the agricultural pursuits on his present farm. December 21, 1871, he married Miss El- via J. flight, a native of Texas and a daugh- ter of Kobert A. and Martha A. (Jordan) Ilight, who came from Tennessee to Texas in 1860. His wife died on the 6th of August, 1878, and December 28, 1881, Mr. Neelly wedded her sister. Miss Louisa P. Hight. He has three children by his first marriage and four by the latter, viz.: Martha L., wife of James Barker, Dallas county; MoUie E. ; Addie E. A.; George W., Jr.; Fanny P.; Eula Lee and Laura A. In 1872 he purchased his farm of 110 acres, which he has improved and on which he has since resided. He now owns 226 acres of land and is engaged in general farm- ing. He is a member of the A. F. & A. M., Oak Clifl" Lodge, No. 705, and Dallas Chapter, No. 47; has passed all the chairs of the blue lodge, served one year as Grand Deacon of the Grand Lodge and two years as District Deputy Grand -master. His political views are in harmony with Democratic prin- ciples. ' t > — :@> — ^ V VAN" W. BOLTON settled in the north- eastern part of Dallas county thirty- three years ago, and hence is to be classed with the pioneers of this county. Mr. Bolton was born in Humphreys county, Tennebsee, March 8, 1833, son of William and Jane (Cooly) Bolton, the former a native of Virginia, and the latter of North Carolina. His father was Captain of a com- pany in the war of 1812. He was twice mar- ried, by the first union having four children and by the second five. The children by his first wife are William T. and James, deceased; Aljigail, who became the wife of C. K. Weaver; and Nancy, deceased. The names of the other children are Benjamin W., deceased; Evan W.; Henry; Elizabeth, wife of Joe Scales; and Charles M., deceased. The father died in 1840, and the mother of our subject departed this life in 1850, aged forty-five years. Evan remained with his 610 HI8T0BT OP DALLAS COUNTY. inotlier, making the support of her family until the time of her deatli, wheu the chil- dren fonnd homes with their relatives. Mr. Bolton was united in marriage with Francis J. Parker, March 11, 1856. Her birth occurred on the 11th of August, 1837. The year following their njarriage they came to Dallas county, Texas, and settled where the family now resides. Mr. Bolton pur- chased 100 acres of land, which he has improved and on which he has a nice little home. Twelve children have been born to them, all now living except one. Their names are as follows: Perraelia A., wife of J. G. Drake; James W. ; William H. ; Amanda J., wife of A. J. Berriman; Malana T., wife of C J. Mayers; Mary L., wife James A. Wilson; Sarah E., wife of J. G. Hutston; Hattie B., wife of J. H. Hutston; Lucy A.; Margaret P.; and Benjamin L. During the late war Mr Bolton served in the army, under B. Warren Stone. Wheu the war was over lie returned home and again took up his agricultural pursuits, which occupation has since claimed his atten- tion. He served as Constable of his town- ship three years, and as School Director twenty-one years. |EORGE W. JAMES was born in Jasper county, Missouri, September 24, 1846. His parents, Hannibal and Charlotte P. (Bradtield) James, were born in Loudoun county, Virginia, the former on the 20th of March, 1810, and the latter on the 22d of June, 1815. They were married in 1841, and that same year moved to Jasper county, Missouri, where they made their home for twenty-three years, after which they moved to Dallas county, Texas. Mr. James rented land in this county two years and then bouglit a farm near Garland. They lived on it until 1889, when he and his wife, becom- ing advanced in years, they broke up house- keeping and went to live with their two sons, Joseph M. and George W., spending most of their time with George. They lived hap- pily together over fifty years and had the pleasure of celebrating their golden wedding. Mrs. James was called to tiie world beyond on the 1st of April, 1891, at the age of seventy-five years, nine months and nine days. Eight children wei-e born to them, all dying in infancy except three. Jeffer- son T. died in the army in 1863, and only two are now living. George W., the subject of this sketch, served eight months in the Southern army during the latter part of the war, being a member of Price's army in tiie Indian depart- ment. While he was not in any regular engagement, he took part in sevei-al skirmishes. December 29, 1870, Mr. James was united in marriage with Miss M. C. Jones. She was born in McMinn county, Tennessee, December 23, 1851. Her father, Robert D. Jones, was a native of Yirginia, born April 9, 1812, and her mother, nee Martha E. King, was born in Virginia in 1820, their marriage occurring in 1840. The mother departed this life in December, 1859, and the father passed away in 1881. Following are the names of their children: James W. ; Ellen M., wife of B. F. McDaniel; John T.; Joseph A.; Mary E., wife of C. S. Newton; Horace K. ; Martha C, wife of G. W. James; Lucinda, wife of S. F. Hustead; Amanda, wife of James T. Murrell; Robert H.; and George W., who died at the age of sixteen years. After his marriage Mr. James engaged in farming on his own account. He rented HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 611 land for three years and then purchased a farm of 100 acres. To this he has since added 200 acres more, now owning 300 acres on Dntcii creek, located within half a mile of Garland. Here he has a fine resi- dence and barn, and everything conveniently arranged for successfully carrying on farm- ing operations, and the most of the improve- ments on this place he has made himself. He and his wife are the parents of two chil- dren: Charlotte E., born in Dallas county, November 30, 1S71, and Horace H., born at the same place, September 23, 1875. Although Mr. James was deprived of early educational advantages himself he believes in giving his children a good schooling. He and his wife are members of the Missionary Baptist Church. fHOMAS F. McENNlS, vice-president and manager of the Dallas Elevator Company, is an enterprising and pro- gressive citizen, and one in whom Dallas county takes a just pride. He comes from Revolutionary stock, from ancestors who brooked no injustice, but made themselves masters of circumstances; his paternal fore- fathers took an active part in the Revolution in Ireland, and his maternal ancestors partici- pated in the American revolution. Thomas McNeir, great-grand-uncle of Mr. McEnnis, served in the Revolutionary war with marked distinction, and his grandfather, Lieutenant George McNeir, was in Fort Henry at the time of the bombardment of that place, and defended the original star-spangled banner that furnished the subject of the immortal ode. Mr. McEnnis, although living in St. Louis during the late Civil war, was one of the most thorough Southern sympathizers; he was a political prisoner, and was one of eleven men in St. Louis county who were registered as enemies to the Government, rather than give up their allegiance to the Confederacy, which they believed was right. Mr. McEnnis was born in St. Louis, De- cember 17, 1839, and received his education in various schools and colleges in that city, finally entering the St. Louis University. When he left this institution he went to learn the ship chandler's business, an industry which led him into other lines; he invested in a flour mill in Illinois, and afterward, in 1875, came to Texas and engaged in the same business at Ennis; and was afterward engaged in the same business at Galveston, but dis- posed of all liis milling interests to embark in the grain and flour trade in Dallas; this business he conducted for ten years, but at the end of that period accepted the vice-presi- dency and management of the Dallas Elevator Company. He was one of the most promin- ent factors in the organization of the first board of trade and was its first president. With a few other merchants he formed the Merchants' Exchange Association, which, within a few days raised the funds for build- ing the Merchants' Exchange; this edifice was erected at a cost of $45,000. Mr. Mc- Ennis was afterward president of the Ex- change. He was one of the most energetic workers in raising the money for the build- ing of the Mexican Central railroad, now the Gulf, Colorado & Santa Fe railroad. He was first vice-president and one of the orginators of the Dallas Homestead & Loan Association, of which he was a charter member; this is one of the most successful associations of this character in the South, and since then has been a charter member of two other success- ful building and loan associations, and at all times has assisted the public and private en- 012 HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY ■ terprises that would benefit the city or State. Ill religion Mr. McEnnis is a Catholic, and has assisted in building up churches, schools and orphan asylums in Dallas and other por- tions of Texas: has been treasurer of the lo- cal branch of the Catholic Knights of America in Dallas for ten years, and is State treasurer of the association. He has three children married: Joseph E, at Houston; Mrs. Emma Alston and Mrs. Regina Spann; and has two single sons — John George and William McEnnis of this city. !ILL1AM H. LITMNEY, one of the prosperous young farmers of Dallas county, Texas, was born in this county, September 25, 1862. His parents were among the pioneer settlers of Texas, and on the frontier farm he was reared. He started out in lite with limited means, but by honest industry and good management he has become the owner of 106 acres of tine land, all under fence, fifty acres in cultivation and the rest in pasture. This land is rolling and consists of a sandy loam. October 15, 1884, Mr. Lumney was united in marriage with Miss Frances Potter, who was born March 29, 1862, daughter of John P. Potter. A biography of Mr. Potter will be found on another page of this volume. Mr. and Mrs. Lumney have had two children: Elsie and Nanna Oda. Mr. Lumney's father, Thomas Lumney, was a man possessed of sterling qualities, and in his composition were found those elements that go to make up the true pioneer. He was married on the 25th of September, 1832, to Rachel Haught, and when, in 1845, they came from Hlinois to Dallas county, Texas, their family consisted of two children. They at first settled on a headriglit, and several years later had the misfortune to lose their land. Mr. Lumney died on the 27th of No- vember, 1873. After his deatli Mrs. Lum- ney purchased a farm of 137 acres, on which she is still living. She was born in Ohio, December 18, 1824, the daughter of Penn- sylvania-Dutch parents, Peter and Sallie (Carver) Haught. Her parents moved from Pennsylvania to Virginia, thence to Ohio and from there to Illinois, being among the early settlers of those States. Mr. Haught died in 1843. Of her early experience here Mrs. Lumney graphically relates many interesting incidents. There was probably not another pioneer family in Texas that endured more hardships and privations than they. Bravely did she do her part in helping to make a home on the frontier. At times when her husband was away at work and she saw the Indians camping near, she would yoke up the oxen, put the children in the wagon and drive to the nearest neighbor for protection. Frequently she assisted with the work in the field. Game of all kinds was plenty, and many were the bear and deer hides she dressed. The first pigs they bought they penned in the chimney corner to keep the wolves from catching and killing them. Of their nine children, all are living except the oldest and youngest. They are as follows: Ara, wife of Fayette Bond; James; Mary E., wife of Cal. Woodward; Sarah J., wife of James Isbel; Turner; Thomas V.; William H.; Charles and Emily. -^^lyxTi/l- -^um/^-^^ 'HOMAS C. BR(3WN, an enterprising young farmer near Pleasant Valley post office, was born in Greene county, Alabama, May 17, 1854, the second son of John G. Brown, who was born in Williams %^ SSB^^-' '■^ HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 613 county, Tennessee, in 1815; he went to St. Louis, Missouri, when a young man and clerked in one of the large dry-goods stores there for a number of years, went to Ala- bama and married Miss Martha E. Colvin, who was born in 1830; she now lives in Alabama, in the sixty-first year of her age. In their family were eleven children, namely: John G., deceased; Thomas C, B. F., Ten- nie, who died unmarried; Aima, the wife of John Mawhinney, and she died leaving three children; J. P., who died leaving one child; Bettie, wife of J. A. Altman; Louisa M., Mary, W. A. and N. A. When he first came to Texas Mr. Brown had but $150; but he went hopefully and vigorously to work, lirst hiring out to Mr. n. R. Newman, but he had the misfortune to receive a severe injury in a cotton gin, and the resulting doctor's bill took all his spare money. On recovery he rented a farm for three years, and by that time he had accumulated enough to buy a farm of 163 acres, partly improved, for which he paid $2,000. He has since purchased more land, and now has an aggregate of 365 acres of good land, all in one body, well improved, with a good residence, etc. It is about six miles east of Garland. In two more years he will be ready to quit work, having enough of this world's goods to carry him through the I'emainder of his life. He has been a very industrious farmer. He has plenty of fine horses and mules for all the demands of the farm. He married Miss Ellen P. McClain, who was born October 1, 1864, the daughter of T. J. McClain, who was born in Pennsyl- vania, in 1835, and came to Texas in 1856, stopping first for a year in Lamar county. He afterward moved to Dallas county, locat- ing upon a farm he had purchased. In May, 1863, he married Miss S. J. Compton, who was born in May, 1845, in Kentucky, and was ten years old when her parents moved to Texas. Mr. and Mrs. McClain had six chil- dren, viz.: Ellen P., wife of Thomas C. Brown; C. C, wife of W. L. Myers; Belle K., wife of Dr. J. D. Morman; J. S., de- ceased ; Lillian, who is the wife of J. A. Martin; and Leslie. Mr. and Mrs. Brown have four bright little children, namely: Tennie B., born August 10, 1880; Clinton S., August 13, 1882, and died at the age of thirteen months; Addie J., born April 8, 1885; Arthur, September 6, 1887; and Delia, October 18, 1889. f AC QUE MAXIMILIEN REVER. CHON was born November 16, 1810, at Marcigny, in the province of Bur- gundy, France. His grandfather, Jacque Reverchon, was a member of the convention that founded the first republic in 1792 and occupied several positions under the iirst Fiench empire, but after the fall of Napoleon I. he was banished from that country by the Bourbons and died in Switzerland in the year 1829. His father, Jean Reverchon, was a quiet gentleman that never mixed much with the politics of his country. J. M. Reverchon, the subject of this sketch, obtained his education in the college of Cluny, but was in Paris in July, 1830, when the revolution that precipitated Charles X. from the throne broke out and he took part in the famous three days' lighting. After the death of his mother he married Florino Pete, the daughter of a distinguished lawyer, and settled near Lyon, where he conducted a large farm, which was considcreil in that part of the country as a model of its species and upon 614 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. which he spent much of liis time and a large amount of money in improvements. For the valuable additions and improvements which he made on tlie plow used in that country he was awarded a gold medal from the French Government. In 1846 he left his family and went to Algeria to found a new colony, but this trip was not a success, a large amount of money was lost, his health was much im- paired and he was compelled to return to his mother country and sell his fine establishment at great sacritice. He took some part in the revolution of February, 1848, but the faction that finally put Napo- leon III. on the throne triumphed, and he then withdrew from politics and being dis- gusted with the new regime he emigrated to the United States, reaching this country in December, 1856. He joined Monsieur Con- siderant's colony at Reunion near Dallas, Texas, but, like many others, it did not take him long to see that the partnership system inaugurated in that colony was not a wise plan, and he began doing for himself on a small farm that he obtained from the old French company. Mr. Reverchon had for his only companion his youngest son, Julien, the balance of his family having been left in France with the understanding that they were to join them at a later period. This ex- pectation was only partially realized. Being a stranger in a strange land Mr. Reverchon found it quite difficult to obtain a foothold on the ladder of success, but with courage and perseverence he converted his little piece of wild prairie land into a good little farm, the products of which pointed out the possibilities of the State and what could be done with such land and in such a climate if one were endowed with a proper amount of persever- ance and determination. On the same place where he first settled Mr. Reverchon died in the month of August, 1879, after a long and painful illness. Besides his son Julien, he had two daughters who reside in the State and two sons in France. His wife never came to this country, but died in her native land in 1871. Julien Reverchon, their son, was born at Diemoz, not far from Lyon, August 3, 1837, and at quite an early age developed a ten- dency toward the study of natural history. He made a speciel study of botany and at the age of fourteen years he could name at sight all the wild plants growing in his neighbor- hood. He was eighteen when he came with his father to Texas and he remained with him and helped to develop the little farm in the wilderness which is, to-day, a suburb of West Dallas. July 24, 1864, he married Marie Henry, daughter of Paul Henry and granddaughter of Captain Deshogues, who was a follower of the great Napoleon, was dec- orated with the cross of the Legion of Honor and was badly wounded in the disastrous battle of Waterloo. To Mr. and Mrs. Rev- erchon two sons were born: Michel and Maxirailien; but just as they were merging into manhood they were both stricken witli typhoid fever and died, in 1884. It was for- tunate for Mr. Reverchon and his devoted wife that at this most trying time a young man, Robert Freeman, one of the best friends of the departed boys, consented to live with the heart-broken parents, and to this day has in a measure replaced the departed loved ones in their desolate hearts and home. Mr. Reverchon has never entirely abandoned the study of botany, and all his leisure hours are devoted to the collection and classification of the plants of Texas, of which he possesses an extensive collection of dried specimens, and in some of his tours to the western part of the State he discovered ,i number of species new HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. 615 to the scientists. He is corresponding with some of the leading botanists of the United States, and has contributed many valuable notes on the Flora of North America by Dr. Asa Gray, and his name is dedicated to an entirely new genus, which was discovered by him in the Pan-handle of Texas in 1879. Mr. Beverchon inherited from his father a large lil)rary and some papers dating from the tirst French revolution; and among them he is proud to show a letter from the Em- peror Napoleon I. to his great-grandfather. ^ m^ ^ W. WHITEFIELD, a venerable citi- zen of Dallas county, Texas, was born ^® in Sussex county, Virginia, February 12, 1806, son of Wilkins and Mary (Sterte- vantj'W hitefield, natives of the same place. His father moved to Tennessee in 1808, and there spent the residue of his days, dying at the age of sixty. His mother lived to be eighty years old. The names of their eleven chil- dren are as follows: Henry; G. W., the sub- ject of our sketch; William; Harrison; John; Thomas; James; Martha, wife of Robert Charter; Sallie, wife of Dr. McFail, and, after his death, of James Nichols; Dosia, wife of William Claget; and Virginia, wife of Dr. D. B. Cliff. Mr. G. W. Whitefield has been twice mar- ried. In 1836, he wedded Miss Louisa King, by whom he had three children: Daniel, Vir- ginia, wife of Rev. Oliver Parker, and Sarah, deceased. His wife departed this life in 1848, at the age of twenty-five years. For his second companion Mr. Whitefield mar- ried Miss Sarah Bond, who was born in Tennessee, April 1, 1823, daughter of John and Sarah (Hunter) Bond. Her mother died in 1822, at the age of thirty- one years, and her father passed away in 1848, aged seventy- two. After the death of her mother her father married again. By his first wife he had seven children, Mrs. Whitefield being the youngest. The names of her brothers and sisters are Lucy, wifeof George Holland; Joseph; Mary, wife of Nusum Barham; Nancy, wife of James Southall; Joim P.; Catharine, wife of William Trimble. Mr. Bond's second wife was before her mar- riage Mary Anderson. She bore him eight children, whose names are as follows: Will- iam; Angeline, wife of John Sandefer; Elizabeth, wife of Samuel Thompson; Susan, wife of William Crntcher; Myra, wife of Mr. Bingham; Martha, wife of Thomas White; Henry and George. Mr. Whitefield came to Texas in December, 1849, making the journey by water by way of Shreveport. He first located in Harrison county, where he lived four years. Then, after a year spent in Limestone county, he came to Dallas county and purchased 160 acres of land, located a mile northwest of where Garland now stands. He afterward made money enough to increase his landed estate to 900 acres. This, however, he has since divided among his children, with the exception of 240 acres reserved for himself and wife. Although now eighty-five years of age, to all appearance Mr. Whitefield holds a lease on life for some time to come. His wife has passed her three-score years and ten, and she, too, is full of life and vigor for one of her age. When Mr. AVhitefield settled in Dallas county this country was sparsely inhabited. All their goods had to be hauled from Houston with ox teams. The Indian and the buffalo had left the country the year previous to his arrival here. Game of all kinds was plenty. Their meal they ground in a steel mill something on the style 61G HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. of the old-fashioned wall coffee-mill. Mr. Whitefield and his wife have lived to see all their children married except one son. The children by his last marriage are as follows: John; Thomas; Dundenah, wife of Charles Kennon; Belle, wife of William Prigmore; Eugenia, wife of L. P. Cabaniss; Walter C, twin brother of Mrs. Cabaniss; Davis, wife of John Clemensou, is deceased. iKYYD W. FLORENCE dates his birth in St. Clair county, Alabama, October 28, 1848. The history of his father, John H. Florence, will be found on another jiage of this volume. In 1856 David W. came to Texas with his father and settled in Rusk county. After re- maining there four years they moved, in 1860, to Smith county, where they lived until 1866. That year they located in Van Zandt county, and after a residence of four years there came, in 1871, to Dallas county. Mr. Florence was married while in Van Zandt county, December 29, 1866, to Miss Julia Baty, who was born on the lotii of February, 1850. Her parents, Thomas and Roxie A. (Bell) Baty, were married in 1830. Her father died in 1854:, when she was four years old, and she also had the misfortune to lose her mother when she was quite small; so she remembers nothing of either. Following are the names of her brothers and sisters: William; Sarah, wife of William Greer; Joseph and William, who died in the war; FoUie Ann, wife of Isaac Weed; Caroline, wife of Mr. Beason; Vastie, wife of William Berton; Talitha, wife of William Wilson; Roxie A., wife of Russell Allen; Thomas, who first married a Miss Boyles and afterward a Miss Darby; and Lucinda, who died when small. When Mr. Florence settled in Dallas county he purchased 207^ acres of land, and since that time has been very successful and accumulated other property. His home farm now comprises 730 acres, 300 acres in culti- vation and the rest in pasture, all being well fenced. He also has a i-anch in Taylor county of 1,860 acres, all fenced, and eighty acres under cultivation. Mr. Florence has been dealing largely in stock, but since his son has becotne old enough to assist him, he has turned all his cattle and horses on the ranch over to him, while he himself handles what he can conveniently on the home farm. Mr. Florence is regarded as one of the most suc- cessful farmers in Dallas county. He and his wife have three children: J. H., born June 14, 1868; Martha, September 6, 1872, died July 15, 1873; Emet D., born November 20, 1885. ^^ tANGDON C. MoCALLUM, farmer, was born in York county, South Carolina. January 11, 1852, son of Peter McCal- lum, who was born in Scotland in 1808, and came to America when nine years old. with his father, who settled in South Carolina. He married Miss Violet Wallace and had ten children, as follows: Duncan, Joseph, James, Augustus, Jane, wife of William Finley; Elizabeth, wife of Robert Finley; Robert, John T., Langdon C. and an infant girl. This family moved to Texas in 1873, and the next year the father bought land in Dal- las county, where the subject of this sketch now lives. He died in 1883, at the age of seventy-live years, and his wife in 1880, aged sixty-seven. July 29, 1874, Mr. L. C. Mc- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 617 Calluiii married Miss Mollie Foote, who was born November 23, 1858, tlie 'laughter of Martin Van Buren Foote and Minerva Foote. Her mother was born in Georgia and moved to Texas in 1869, shortly after her father died; indeed, he died after all were ready to move to Texas. Mr. and Mrs. Foote's children have been: William, deceased; Mol- lie, now Mrs. McCalluni ; James, John and Van Buren. Their mother married the second time, wedding Wade Bolton, in 1873, and by this maraiage there is one child, nametl Beatrice. Mr. and Mrs. McCal! urn's children are: Homer, born January 27, 1877; Violet, September 18, 1880; Otto, July 4, 1882; Guy, July 18, 1884; Asa, October 25, 1886; and May, November 30, 1889. Mr. McCailum has a farm of ninety-four acres, well improved, and he is one of the substantial farmers of the county. He be- longs to the Knights of Honor, Lodge No. 2,756, at Pleasant Valley. ^ORATIO G. LEONARD, a prosperous farmer, was born in White county, Ten- nessee, October 23, 1820, and moved to Texas in 1867, a poor man, having lost every- thing during the war; but by good manage- ment, economy and persevering industry he has now a good farm of 160 acres in a good state of cultivation. His father, Joshua Leonard, was born in 1787, in Grayson county, West Virginia, and moved to Tennessee when a young man. In 1810 he married Sarah Duff, who died July 25, 1846, at the age of fifty years, and Mr. Leonard died in Missouri, while on a visit there, also at the age of fifty years. August 4, 1844, Mr. Horatio G. Leonard married Miss Ellen Collins, daughter of William and Elizabeth (McMahan) Collins, and born Sep- tember 5, 1825. Joshua Leonard had nine children; the living are: Horatio G. and Thomas J.; and the deceased, Obadiah; Elizabeth, who married William Jonagan; Hamilton; Dennis; Mary, who married Thomas Young; and William. Mr. and Mrs. Collins' children are: James E.; Angeline, wife of Richard Rice; Rachel, wife of John Gross; Ellen, wife of Horatio G. Leonard; Jane, wife of Archibald Cowan, and Reuben C, — all of whom are deceased except Mrs. Leonard. In 1862, Mr. Leonard, our subject, enlisted in the Fifth Tennessee Cavalry, and was operating as scout when he was captured and paroled. He was afterward at the battle of Chickamauga and captured again and paroled. He is a Freetnason, being a member of Dutch Creek Lodge, No. 441, in which he has filled the office of Junior Warden and Tyler. Mrs. Leonard belongs to the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. Their children are: Angeline, born August 1, 1849; Jane, De- cember 11, 1852; William N., Decembor 31, 1856; Susan, April 11, 1858; Joanna, Sep- tember 26, 1860; and Julia, January 1, 1863. Susan married Samuel McMnrray, Joanna is the wife of Landon Allen, and Julia married John Boyd. fHOM AS SANDIFER, farmer, wab born in Pike county, Mississippi, March 21, 1846, and in 1866 came with his father, Peter Sandifer, to Texas. His father born in North Carolina, in October, 1812, went to Louisiana when a young man, and in 1830 married Miss Sarah Carr, who was born in North Carolina in 1813. They raised ten ciiildren, namely: Elvira, now the wife of 618 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. George Lee; William, deceased; Jaines; John, deceased; Mary, now Mrs. Patrick Lyle; Amos, deceased; Thomas, the subject of this sketch; Franklin; Sarah, wife of George Daniel, and Delia. The father died June 15, 1890, at the age of seventy-eight years, and the mother in 1881, at the age of sixty-nine. January 14, 1875, Mr. Thomas Sandifer married Miss Frances Tarrant, who was born October 20, 1853, the daughter of William Tarrant, who married Eliza Ellis and had seven cliildren, namely: Serlida, now the wife of John Huifhines; Nancy, the wife of Amos Sandifer; Julia, the wife of Marsh Hughley: Frances, wife of Thomas Sandifer; and Louisa, the wife of Charles Webb. When he was married and commenced life for himself, Mr. Thomas Sandifer, our subject, had no property, but went to work, and by energy, perseverance and good judgment he has acquired a nice home of 125 acres, on which he himself has made all the improve- ments. But he has suffered a misfortune withal, losing his first residence by fire. He attends faithfully to his cliosen calling, agri- culture, and is an exemplary citizen. He has brought up eight cliildren, namely: Cora, Mary, Edward, Ellen, William, James, Lucy and Robert. Mr. and Mrs. Sandifer are mem- bers of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. ^ ^ JikEE COATS. — This enterprising young mli ff'''"'"^'" ^^^ born in Dallas county, Texas, ^F^ January 29, 1865, son of Thomas D. and Mary A. (Paschall) Coats. His fafher dying when Lee was fourteen years old, and he being the oldest son at home, the care of the farm and the support of the family fell largely on hjm, and he remained with his mother, conducting the farming operations for her. When he -was twenty-one he mar- ried, took his bride home with him, and con- tinued to reside with his mother a year longei-. Having inherited eighty-nine acres of his father's estate, he built a house on it, and has since lived near his mother. Thomas D. Coats, his father, was a native of South Carolina, born in 1826, and when quite small went with his father to Tennes- see, where he was reared. May 7, 1846, he was married in Tennessee, to Miss Marj' A. Paschall, and the following fall they came to Texas and settled where Mrs. Coats now lives. Mr. Coats joined the colony, thereby obtain- ing a headright of 640 acres. He built a fine house, improved his land, and was mak- ing good progress when misfortune overtook him. His house burned. He rebuilt a like structure, and had it just completed when he was taken sick and died, his death occurriiig January 5, 1879, at the age of fifty-three years. Mrs. Coats was born about 1829, daughter of Elisha and Rachel (McClain) Paschall. Ten children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Coats, seven of whom are living, namely: Nancy J., wife of Henry D. Lov- ing; James A.; Elisha D; Isabella, wife of Mack Tyler; Lee, Sidney and Wall. Lee Coats was united in marriage with Miss Lizzie Amburn, December 3, 1885. She was born August 15, 1870, daughter of John Amburn. Her mother's maiden name was Martin. Mr. and Mrs. Amburn had a family of twelve children, as follows: Jeff, Henry, Cynthia, Lucinda, Isaac, Jacob, James, Joseph, Lizzie, Benjamin, Jane and Ira. Cynthia is now Mrs. H.J. Dawden. Lucinda was first married to Lewis Robinson, and after his death to Balis Johnson. James is deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Coats have two children: HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 619 Albert, born March 1, 1888, and Lillie, Feb- ruary 3, 1890. Mrs. Coats is a meinber of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Politically Mr. Coats affiliates with the Democratic party. ^ ^ ^OL. GEORGE W. GIVENS, deceased, was born in Kentucky, July 28, 1826, a son of Matthew and Lucy (Chonning) Givens, of Irish ancestry and natives of Kentucky. When he was ten years old the family moved to Missouri and settled in Lewis county, and he remained on the farm with his parents until he was eighteen. At that time he volunteered as a soldier in the Mexican war, and served until the war ended. He participated in many engagements and was in the celebrated battle of Monterey. Three months he was in the hospital waiting upon the sick and wounded. When hostili- ties ceased he returned to his home in Mis- souri and engaged io farming. About this time news of the wonderful gold discovery in California was spreading over the country and attracting throngs of people to the Pacific coast. With that crowd of gold- seekers was Mr. Givens. He crossed the plains with ox teams, was six months in making the trip, passed through many hard- ships and privations and had several serious encounters with hostile Indians. He was successfully engaged in mining at Sacra- mento and Colusa for two years, after which he returned to Missouri by way of the Isthmus of Panama In the spring of 1853 he again made the trip across the plains to California, this time taking with him a drove of cattle. After his arrival there he devoted his time to trading, and remained in Califor- nia until April, 1856. Colonel Givens was married on the 14th of October, 1857, to Miss Sallie E. Overton, a native of Lewis county, Missouri, and a daughter of Dudley W. and Dulcenia (Nail) Overton. Her parents were natives of Ken- tucky and of Scotch- Irish descent. They moved from Kentucky to Missouri and in the latter State lived forty years. They were among the pioneers of Missouri and Mr. Overton was a participant in the Black Hawk war. He and his wife came to Texas, and both died at the home of Mrs. Givens. October 15, 1857, Mr. and Mrs. Givens starled for Texas with horse teams, and, owing to poor roads and few bridges, they were six weeks in making the journey. They first settled in Collin county, where they resided two years. Then they moved to Ellis county and Mr. Givens purchased a farm of 400 acres of wild land and at once began to improve it. The first year they lived in a rude clapboard house. The following sum- mer Mr. Givens built a residence. After being engaged in farming there for fourteen years they, in 1870, went to California, this time making the journey by rail. He pur- chased a farm in Napa valley, near Napa, located on it and remained there until 1873, then returning to Texas. In Dallas county he bought 500 acres of wild land, five miles south of Dallas, which he developed into a fine farm. He built an attractive residence, planted fruit, shade and ornamental trees, and there followed farming until he died. To him and his wife four children were born, viz.: John Dudley, of Dallas county; George Matthew and William Richard, on the old homestead; and Lucy D. Colonel Givens was a member of the A. F. & A. M., having been made a Mason when he was twenty-one. Ha took great interest in agricultural matters, and by his honorable 620 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. and upright dealings he won the coniidence and esteem of all who knew him. He was ever ready to assist the needy and relieve the suffering, and no one was ever turned from his door empty handed. His death occurred at Mineral Wells, Texas, August 11, 1888. During the Civil war he served in the Commissary department, driving team, and from exposure then incurred his health became impaired, and he never fully recovered. In 1887, hoping to find restoration by change of climate, he went to California, but to no avail. Mrs. Givens still lives on the old home- stead, which is managed by her two younger sons. (OLOMON W. CALDWELL is another one of the venerable pioneers of Texas. He came here in 1841, when he was twenty-three years of age, working his way by driving a team for a man who was mov- ing to this State. Here he found employ- ment as a farm hand and worked in this way until he was able to buy a piece of land. He bad many difficulties to meet and overcome, as did all the early settlers. When he first camped on the little creek where he now lives, Mr. Caldwell had to go four miles for water. On one occasion, while he was gone for water and his wife was getting supper, a panther approached, attracted by the odor of the meat she was cooking. She threw it the pan of meat, and when it had eaten the mor- sel it went away satisfied. Bears were also troublesome and frequently made raids on their hogs. Worse to be dreaded than tiie wild animals were the savage Indians. Mr. Caldwell was born in the Territory of Illinois in 1818, on tlie 26th day of March His father, Matthew Caldwell, was born in Union district. South' Carolina, in 1763. He was first married in South Carolina and moved to Kentucky when tliat State was a Territory. There he reared a family of six children: Curtis; John; Isaac; Christian, wife of John Couch; Sallie, wife of Thomas Cowscrt; and Pollie, wife of a Mr. AYilliams. Of the children by his father's lirst wife Mr. Caldwell knows nothing, having lost trace of them years ago. After the deatli of his wife in Kentucky, Matthew Caldwell was married, in that State, to Nancy White, who was born in North Carolina in 1785, their marriage occurring in 1803. About 1817 they moved to Illinois. By his second wife he had five children, namely: Meron, wife of John Eads; Matthew H.; George H.; Solomon W. ; and Hugh C. The subject of our sketch is the fourth-born in this family and is the only survivor. His father died in 1826, at the age of sixty-three years, and his mother in 1837, aged fifty -three. When he came to Texas Mr. Caldwell first located in Red River county. In 1842 he was there married to Miss Leona Crown- over, who was born June 3, 1820. After twelve years of wedded life she died, in 1854, aged thirty-four years, leaving no children. Mr. Caldwell had taken a headright of 320 acres. He sold that and moved to Dallas county in 1850. Here he pre-empted 160 acres and bought ninety-nine acres more, making in all 259 acres, his present farm. September 5, 1855, Mr. Caldwell was united in marriao-e with Miss Martha Ann Coats who was born January 1, 1837. Samuel Coats, her father, was a native of South Carolina, born in 1802, and her mother, nee Nancy Jones, was born in 1800. Mr. Coats moved to Texas in 1844 and settled in Dal- las county. His death occurred in 1874, at \/' n I STORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 621 the age of seventy-two years, and his wife died in 1872, aged seventy-two. They were the parents of eleven children, viz.: John J.; Thomas D.; Fannie, M'ife of J. P. Lawrence; Elizabeth, wife of E. C. Browder; James A.; Nancy; Martha A. and Marion A. (twins); John W. ; Sarah M.. wife of Bennett Mann- ing; Pernicia, wife of Balis Johnson. Of this numerous family only three are living — Mrs. Caldwell, Mrs. Lawrence and Mar- ion A. Mr. and Mrs. Caldwell have had six chil- dren, namely: Nancy E., wife of W. H. Coyle; Samuel B., who married Virginia Singletery; James A., who married Mary May; John D., who married Sallie McNeal; Mary J., deceased; and Mattie, wifeof Will- iam White. Both he and his wife are mem- bers of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. Mr. Caldwell served in the Mexican war, and is now a Mexican pensioner, draw- ing $8 per month. ^OLONEL GEORGE NOBLE, deceased, was born at Loudon, Pennsylvania, and was the second of a family of seven children. His parents, Robert and Sarah A. (Scott) Noble, were natives of Eranklin county, Pennsylvania, and there passed their lives. The father died in 18§4 and the mother in 1889; she was a sister to the late Thomas A. Scott, president of the great Pennsylvania Railroad, who died in 1881; another brother was James D. Scott, a most worthy citizen of Chambersburgh, Pennsyl- vania, who died in 1886. Col. Noble lived in his native village until about the year 1845, when he removed with his parents to Mercer county, Pennsylvania; there he remained until 1854, and then went to Pittsburg and entered the service of the 41 Pennsylvania Railroad Company. He l)egan .his career as a brakeman on a freight train, and continued with this company as brake- man, conductor, depot and train master, and division superintendent until 1863. At this time he went West to look after some mining interests of his uncle, and until 1866 he was in California and Arizona. After his return he was appointed superintendent of the East- ern Division of the Kansas Pacific Railroad, and served acceptably in this capacity until March 1, 1874. He then resigned to accept the general superintendency of the Texas and Pacific Railroad, which office he held until May, 1881. When he took charge of this road it measured fifty-seven miles in length; in May, 1880, it had grown to 444 miles, in May, 1881, to 800 miles, with contracts per- fected for its completion to El Paso; in Jan. uary, 1882, arrangements had been made for completing the line, 1,487 miles. Mr. Scott's liealth failing, he disposed of his interests, and at the same ti me Colonel Noble resigned his position with the road. His connection with the road began at a most inauspicious time: it was paralyzed with debt, was without credit and friends, but at the close of seven years it was the longest line in the State of Texas. When the strike of 1877 swept the coun- try, the Texas and Pacific suffered its full share of loss of property and traffic. An in- cident of this great event will bear recording: Colonel Noble was absent, but returned on Saturday night. Sunday morning he was met by a committee of men, making certain de- mands; his reply was in every way charac- teristic: "No, gentlemen, I will not give you an answer on the Sabbath day." Monday he gave his reply to tlie men, and those who had the previous day been frenzied with a belief in their wrongs now threw their hats in the air and hurrahed for George Noble. 622 HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. It was a fixed liabit of tlie Colonel's to keep the Sabbath day free from business care, and eleven o'clock of the Sabbath of the strike fonnd him at his accustomed seat in church, listenino; to the truth as it was spoken by his pastor. For nearly five years after his resignation he engaged in private business, having large interests in both mines and cattle. In 1886 he was appointed by Governor John C. Brown (then receiver) general manager of the Texas Pacific Railroad, with headquarters at Dallas. For his first wife he married Miss Harriet Coulter, a descendant of one of the leading families of Pennsylvania. Of this union eight children were born, four dying in infancy: Harriet M., the wife of Malcolm A. McDon- ald; Alice G.. th3 wife of F. M. Cockrell, a young merchant of Dallas; George L. and William H., both engaged in railroad busi- ness in Texas. In March, 1873, Mrs. Harriet M.Noble died, deeply mourned by her family and a wide circle of friends. Col. Noble's second marriage occurred in 1874, to Miss Nettie P. Douglass, a daughter of Archibald A. and Maria (Parks) Douglass, natives of Pennsylvania and descendants of honored ancestors. By this second marriage one child was born, Douglass Baird, who died in in- fancy. Colonel George Noble passed to his final rest December 4, 1886. A man universally be- loved, it is needless to say that he was mourned only as those who have lived with those broad, generous purposes which have won the hearts of the multitude. The whole system of railroads that he had so long and faithfully managed put on the emblems of mourning; strong men were seen to weep, and an entire State bowed its head in woe. Never in the liistory of Dallas was there such a large and impressive funeral service. Business was sus- pended, and each man, woman and child shared the grief of those bound by ties of kin- ship and close association. Let it be remem- bered that this sadness was for their own loss, for, verily, he had passed to his reward. ^ ^:©¥ ^ fACOB BUHRER, a resident of Dallas, Texas , was born in Switzerland. In 1872, at the age of sixteen years, he came to this country, landing on American soil in New York and going at once to Ritchie county, West Virginia, where he was employed at farm work. In 1880 he came to Dallas, and for two years resided on Ross avenue. Having been prudent and saving while employed in various pursuits, he was enabled in 1882 to purchase his present home- stead on Julius street. This property consists of two acres, is within the corporate limits of Dallas and has become very valuable, although at the time he purchased it, it was considered to be far out in the country and there were no fenfts between bis house and Ross avenue. Since he has settled here he has been success- fully engaged in conducting a dairy, having sixty-five cows and other farm stock. In addition to this property, Mr. Buhrer has recently purchased a farm of 200 acres in the eastern portion of Dallas county, upon which he intends shortly to make his home. He came to Texas with less than §5 and and without any aid save his own industry and economy has accumulated his present holdings. He speaks with pardonable pride of the result of his efforts here. In 1877 Mr. Buhrer was united in mar- riage with Anna Hinterman, also a native of Switzerland. She came to this country in 1874. Their union has been blessed with five children, all of whom are now living HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 623 viz; Lena, Arnold, Bertha, Julia and Annie. Mr. Bulirer is a member of the German Evangelical Lutheran Church. He is Deiu- ocratic in politics, and, although not a poli- tician, takes a deep interest in public affairs ami everything tending to the best interests of the country at large and the State and county of his adoption. In reference to the parents of Mr. Buhrer, be it recorded that his lather, Jacob Buhrer, iSr., was born in northern Switzerland, and in 1866 emigrated to the United States and settled in Ritchie county, West Virginia, on a farm, pursuing the vocation he has been engaged in all his life. He still lives where he originally settled. He and his wife, who before her marriage was Miss Anna Scherer, and who is also a native of Switzerland, are the parents of four children. All are living and are as follows: Jacob, whose name heads this sketch; John, who married Lizzie Seun, lives in Dallas; Henry, who is single and a resident of Dallas; and Annie, who married Chris. Moser, a prosperous dairy farmer, of Dallas county. Mr. and Mrs. Moser have five children. A. ROBERTS, M. D., Dallas county, was born in Cleveland county. North S* Carolina, February 25, 1837, a son of Thomas J. Roberts, a native of the same county. His grandfather. Colonel John M. Roberts, was a Revolutionary soldier, and a native of Virginia. R. A. Roberts received a liberal academic education at Shelby, North Carolina, and afterward entered the collegi- ate department of the Furman University at Greenville, South Carolina, and graduated in the class of 1857, receiving the deo-ree of A. B. He then began the study of medicine under the preceptorship of Dr. Thomas Williams, of Shelby, North Carolina, and then took his first course of lectures in the Medical College at Charleston, South Caro- lina, in the session of 1857-'58. He continued the study of medicine under Dr. Williams in connection with his practice until the fall of 1858, when he entered the Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and after a full course and thorough examination he graduated in the class of March, 1859. Dr. Roberts then located in Marion district. South Carolina, where he had a successful practice until the fall of 1859, after which he became dissatisfied, having become aiilic^ ated with the Western fever, or, more prop- erly termed, the Texas fever. He came by way of Memphis, Tennessee, up the Red River to Shreveport, Louisiana, and then by private conveyance to Dallas, Texas, arriving November 1, 1859. Dallas was then a small and uninviting place, and Dr. Roberts con- cluded to locate in Cedar Hill, but there be- ing no unoccupied houses he was obliged to buy one in which to winter. When the spring opened it found two very much dis- satisfied persons, and he and his wife then started out in a buggy to look over middle Texas, going through Ellis, Navarro and Limestone counties, down to the terminus of the Houston & Texas Central railroad, and over into Washington county. But not lik- ing any of the country, they concluded to remain at Cedar Hill for a year or two, and then return to South Carolina. Having brought some slaves with him Dr. Roberta decided to buy a farm two miles south of Cedar Hill, and a number of stock horses and cattle. About the time he was getting ready to re- turn to South Carolina the Civil war com- menced, and he countermanded all arrange- ments in that direction, and in the spring of 634 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 1862 he volunteered as a private in Company B, Nineteenth Texas Cavalry, bnt was soon selected as Company Surgeon for Conipany -R. After going into Arkansas with the Nineteen Texas Cavalry, which became one of Parsons' Brigade, he met with Surgeon J. Hunter Berrien, Chief Surgeon on the staff of General E. Kirby Smith, who was com- manding the Trans-Mississippi department, with headquarters at Little Rock. Dr. Ber- rien was graduated at the same medical college as Dr. Roberts, and he told the latter he would send up an application for him for Assistant Surgeon of the Confederacy, The application in due time returned from Rich- mond approved, and he was ordered to be examined by the medical examining board of the Trans-Mississippi department located at Shreveport, Louisiana. His examination was entirely satisfactory and Dr. Roberts was then put on duty in the Blockley hospital at Little Rock, where he remained until 1863, and by request was then ordered to report to Gen- eral Henry E. McCulloch, commander of the Northern sub-district of Texas, at Bonham, where he has placed on duty as Examining Surgeon. Dr. Roberts also acted at Post Surgeon, and in the spring or early summer he was ordered to report for duty to General Magruder at Houston, and directly to Major General John Ireland, now ex-Governor, in the southern district of Texas; was next put on duty as Post Surgeon at Fort De Bray on Matagorda Island in command of Major John A. Vernon; and in the spring or summer of 1864 was ordered to report to General N. H. Darnell, in command of the port of Dallas. Dr. Roberts was then put on duty as Post Surgeon of Dallas and also in charge of the hospital of this city, where he remained until the surrender in April, 1865. Taking the oath of allegiance and return- ing home, he again went into the private practice of medicine. He and his wife were still dissatisfied with Texas, and having a desire to return to the old State east of the Mis- sissippi river, he traded his farm for horses and mules, took all the stock he had left from the ravages of the war, and started for Louis- iana and Arkansas, in order to sell them to get means to accomplish his journey. But he found the farmers with no means to buy the stock and he returned with them to Texas, turned them out on the prairie, and went into the active practice of medicine. He bought out Dr. R. L,. Sullivan, located again at Cedar Hill, Dallas county, Texas, and bid adieu to all desires to return to the Carolinas. He has since built up a large and successful practice in this county and surrounding coun- try, and in due course of time the country improved, and his landed possessions also increased. The Grand Cetitral & Santa Fe railroad had decided to go somewhere through this section, and Dr. Roberts gave said rail- road as an inducement to pass through where it now is located a free righfof way for about one mile, plenty of switch rooni, land for depot purposes, and every other block of land in the railroad addition, and the road accepted the proposition and built the depot where it now stands. Dr. Roberts has ever been a true and tried Democrat, and was a delegate from Dallas county to the first Dem- ocratic State Convention after the Edmond J. Davis administration, convening at Galves- ton, to nominate the State ticket. He was married in 1859, to Miss R. E. Croft, of South Carolina, and they have five sons and two daughters living and one son deceased: William A., Charles D., Duncan B., Robert Lee, Joshua L., deceased, Mollie A., now Mrs. Newland, Thomas D., and Jessie May. Dr. Roberts is still living in HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 625 Cedar Hill, foUowina: In's profession, but is gradually retiring from active practice, in connection with his son, Dr. C. D. Roberts. He has practiced medicine in this community about thirty-two years. He has never had political aspirations, but lias been a quiet citizen, and he and his wife have been con- sistent members of the Missionary Baptist Church at Cedar Hill for many years. fENRY BOLL, who has been a resident of Dallas county, Texas, since 1855, is a native of Canton Aargau, Switzerland, and dates his birth November 14, 1830. He is a son of Henry and Magdelina (Peier) Boll, natives of the same canton. Until nineteen years of age he lived on a farm, then went to Zurich to learn the butcher business, and served an apprenticeship of four years. He engaged in business for himself, and was thus employed until he emigrated to the United Slates. Mr. Boll was first married September 22, 1852, to Miss Anna Notzli, a native of the canton of Zurich and a daughter of Jacob Notzli. By this union two children were born, and in 1854 the wife and both little ones died. The following February Mr. Boll came to America, sailing from Bremen, and, after a voyage of sixty-one days, landing in Galveston. He went to Houston, where he spent a few days, and from that place came to Dallas, making the journey with ox team and on foot, and reached his destination on the 4th of July, 1855. He first settled in the French colony; was detailed to do the butch- ering, which was done three times a week, and also assisted in improving the farming lands. After remaining in tiie colony about three months, be and three of his countrymen leased 160 acres of land of the colony; after- ward discovered that the colony had no title to the land and abandoned it. Then, with his brother-in-law, Jacob Nussbauraer, he en- gaged in butchering and followed the busi- ness until the breaking out of the war. In January, 1862, Mr. Boll enlisted in defense of his adopted country, and was as- signed to the commissary department. In the spring of 1862 he was sent back to Texas for cattle, and was given a place in the com- missary department of Colonel Burford's regi- ment, where he remained until January 1, 1863. At that time he was assigned to a position in the commissary department at Post Waco to issue rations, collect and deliver provisions in Louisiana and Texas, where he remained until the close of the war. Returning to Dallas county, he again en- gaged in butchering, and continued tlie busi- ness until 1869, being then in feeble health. In that year he was elected City and County Treasurer, filling the office for three or four years, with honor to himself and to the entire satisfaction of his constituents. Retiring from office he took up his old business of butchering and followed it successfully for four years, during this time prospecting through western Texas. In 1880 Mr. Boll's brother. Professor Jacob Boll, a naturalist, of whom mention is found elsewhere in this work, died in AVilbarger county, near the mouth of Pesor river. Mr. Boll went there, took up his remains and buried them in Dallas. About this time he contracted a disease of the eyes, and has since been gradually growing worse. He is now totally blind in his right eye and the left one was only partly saved by an operation per- formed in Europe in 1889. Since his return from Europe he has been retired from busi- 626 HI8T0RT OF DALLAS COUNTY. ness, giving his attention to the care of his own and his sisters' property. In 1856 Mr. Boll's father, mother and two sisters came to this country, followed, in 1864, by his brother John, and in 1869 by Jacob, the one above referred to. The latter subsequently returned to liis native country, but came back to Texas in 1874. His son. Dr. William Boll, an eminent physician of this State, died in Green Springs, Ohio, at the age of thirty-eight years. The subject of our sketch was married the second time July 22, 1856, in Dallas, to Miss Elizabeth Knopfli. a native of Switzerland, and daughter of Jacob K. and Barbara (Stein- man) Knopfli. Mrs. Boll came to Texas with Mr. Boll's father and family. By this union ten children were born, eight of wliotn are still living: Annie, Minnie, Heimeratta, Henry, Jacob, Lizzie, Charles and William. Mr. Ball is a member of A., F. & A. M., the Tannehill Lodge, No. 52, Dallas Chapter, No. 47, and Dallas Commandery, No. 6. He has passed through the chairs of all the orders and is a member of the Grand Lodge. IHARLES H. BERNARD was born in Logan county, Kentucky. His parents, Jesse B. and Mildred (Crewdson) Ber- nard, were natives of Virginia, the former born June 8, 1772, and the latter November 15, 1785. Some years after their marriage they moved to Kentucky and bought land in Logan county, where they lived the rest of their lives, both dying in 1833, the mother on the 27th of August and the father on the 16th of September. They were the parents of fourteen children, as follows: Sophia W., who was born August 16, 1804, died July 8, 1805; Virginia, born March 18, 1806, be- came the wife of William Wood, and died in Illinois, leaving a family of children, most of whom were married and had families: James Crewdson, born November 25, 1807; Nancy Merideth, October 12, 1809; Harriet N., May 15, 1811; William V, April 16, 1813; Elizabeth E., April 27, 1815; John ()., April 6, 1817; Charles H., February 10, 1819; Mary J., January 26, 1821; Jessie Gatewood Allen, August 15, 1822; Samuel Minor, August 8, 1824; Lucy Ann, December 15, 1826; and Frances Mildred, November 25, 1828. Charles H. Bernard was reared on the farm, attended the common schools and flnished his education at Alton, Illinois, in Shurtleff Col- lege. Soon after his father's death he went with his oldest brotlier to Illinois, he being then only fourteen years of age. They stopped in Adams county, near where Quincy is now located, and there his brother bought a farm, which he conducted in connection with a general merchandise store. He continued to work for his brother until he reached his majority. Mr. Bernard was married September 5, 1841, to Miss Margaret Ann Lewis, a native of Kentucky and a daughter of Benjamin W. and Emiline A. (Cloud) Lewis, natives of Virginia. Mrs. Bernard is the oldest of their four children, and she and her sister, Mrs. Hannum, of Lancaster, are the only ones now living. Mr. and Mrs. Bernard were married in Woodford county, Illinois, and subsequently moved to Adams county, same State, where they bought a small farm. In the fall of 1847 Mr. Bernard came to Texas and took a headright of 600 acres of land on Ten-mile creek, sixteen miles south of where the city of Dallas now stands, where he has since resided. Here he has developed a fine farm and reared a large family. Fol- HISTORY OP DALLAS GOUNTT. 627 lowing are the children born to him and his wife: Elizabeth E., July 7, 1842; Helen A., January 1, 1844; Milus G., December 12, 1845; Laura A., December 7, 1849; Charles W., January 28, 1852; Mary A., June 2, 1853; Emma L., July 9, 1855; Donia A., January 11, 1858; William I., February 4, 1860; Tom L., November 17, 1861; Charlie O., December 16, 1863; and Samuel M., March 8, 1867. Of these all are living ex- cept four. The three oldest were born in Illinois and the others in Texas, with the ex- ception of the youngest, who was born in Missouri while Mr. and Mrs. Bernard were there on a visit. In the winter of 1863 Mr. Bernard was forced into the Confederate service, but re- turned home after three months. His oldest son, Milus, was also forced to enter the ser- vice at the same time, and went with his father. He returned home soon after the latter. Owing to the fact that he could not remain here in peace, Milus re-entered the service in Louisiana, took the measles soon afterward and died. Mr. and Mrs. Bernard are members of the Christian Church. fOHN H. FLORENCE, of Mesquite, Dallas county, was born in Lincoln county, Georgia, August 13, 1817, a son of David Florence, who was born in the same county, June 29, 1798. The latter was married September 28, 1816, to Miss Pollie Hicks, who was born March 23, 1799, Mr. Florence's mother, Julia Bond, was born September 23, 1773, in Lincoln county, Georgia, and died at the age of sixty-tive years. Her mother, who was born and reared in Lincoln county, Georgia, died there at the age of ninety two years; she was never out of that county during lier whole life. David Florence lived in Geor- gia until 1841, when he moved to Alabama, and died there in 1859, at the age of sixty- one years; his wife died in 1854, at the age of fifty-three years. They were the parents of nine children, viz.: John H., our subject; William B., who died in Indian Territory in 1883; Julia, wife of Herman Howard, died in 1838; Simeon; Nancy, wife of Richard Floyd; Mary, wife of Clayton Allen, died February 28, 1889; David; Jane, wife of John Allen. John H., our subject, lived in Alabama until he moved to Texas, December 24, 1856. He and his family came in company with his two brothers and their families and two young men, with ox and horse teams, and were fifty- two days on the road, having been detained by the sickness and death of his brother Sebron's wife. Mr. Florence rented land the first year in Rush county, and after- ward bought 320 acres of improved land. After two years he sold out and moved to Smith county, bought 940 acres of unim- proved land, and five years later sold this place and bought 320 acres in Van Zandt county. He remained there four years, and then purchased 320 acres of improved land in Dallas county. His home farm now con- tains 379 acres, and he also owns 1,420 acres in Taylor county, and 160 acres elsewhere, own- ing in all 2,959 acres. He and his son are ex- tensively engaged in raising cattle and horses on their ranch in Taylor county. Mr. Florence was married December 24, 1837, to Miss Martha Walker, who was born October 6, 1817, in Lincoln county, Geor- gia. Her father, Jesse Walker, born in 1790, was married to Pollie Sellman, and they were the parents of the following chil- 638 HISTOHY OF DALLAS COUJfTT. dren: Betsie, wife of John Wadsworth; James; Martha, wife of John H. Florence; Nancy, wile of William Wadsworth, died in 1881; Jane, wife of William Been; PoUie, who died in 1857, was the wife of Thomas Hillgrove; Lucinda, now Mrs. Josiah Haw- kins; Sarah, wife of Solomon Been; Susan, the wife of Victor Neely; Jesse, who died in the army; and William, who died in 1864:. Mr. and Mrs. Florence liave had eleven chil- dren, all of whom are now deceased but two. Amanda was married to Sehron Willingham, who afterward died, leaving three children. She was again married to Lewis Wilson. Mary, formerly Mrs. Thomas Forence, is now deceased, leaving one child, Dudley Florence. Elizabeth married D. C. Mur- phree, and died July 5, 1890. Jane is the wife of Isaac Seals; Nancy; Jessie; and Ore- lena,who died be fore marriage. Mr. Florence held the office of County Commissioner one term in Dallas county, and Mrs. Florence is a member of the Baptist Church. 4^ ^^^ J^ F. BOHN Y, agent for the Pabst Brew- W-'ff ing Company, at Dallas, was born in ^^® Baden, Germany, August 14, 1843, a son of John and Caroline (Hanry) Bohny, also natives of Baden. The father died in his native country in 1861, and the mother afterward came to Cincinnati, Ohio, thence to Nashville, Tennessee, where she died in 1869. The subject of this sketch left Germany for New Orleans in 1857, going thence to Nashville, and then to Scranton, Pennsylva- nia, where, in 1861, he enlisted in the Fifty- second Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, Company F. He was in the battle of Fair Oaks, througii the Peninsular cam- paign, was taken pri.soner at James Island, opposite Fort Sumter, July 3, 1864, was confined at Andersonville, and after the ex- change was taken to Florence. In Decem- ber, 1864, he was taken to Annapolis, Mary- land, and next to Nashville, Tennessee, where he was discharged on account of poor health, caused by exposure. After the close of tiie war Mr. Bohny settled in Nashville, and in 1866 he went to Galveston, Texas, and next to Dallas, where, in partnership with his brother, he opened the first bakery in the city. Two years later he left Dallas for a time, and in 1871 returned and started the William Tell Honse, on the corner of Com- mercial and Market streets, which he con- ducted a number of years. He next embarked in the saloon business, and afterward became the proprietor of the Tevoli Hall, later the Apollo Hall, on Main Street. Mr. Bohny subsequently sold his interest in the latter, and engaged with his present company. Mr. Bohny votes with the Republican party, has served as Alderman of the second ward, also as Mayor of the city, has been a member of the School Board; he is a member of the I. O. O. F., of the K. of H., of the George H. Thomas Post, No. 6. G. A. R., was the originator and first president of Dal- las Frohsinn Singing Society, and was also the originator and first president of the Dal- las Turn Verein. -^-^xyi/lfty- inru^^^ H. TAYLOR, a farmer and stock- raiser, Lisbon, Dallas, county, Texas, " was born five miles south of Dallas, July 28, 1854. He is the second son and third-born in a family of twelve children of J. H. Taylor, a biography of whom will be found on another page of this wtirk. W. H. Taylor was reared on a farm, at- tended the common schools, and completed ,..»^!°;^fes HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 639 his education at Mansfield college, Tarrant county, Texas. He resided with his parents until he was twenty-three years of age, after which he and his brother, C. T. Taylor, pur- chased a farm and engaged in stock-raising. He was married March 6, 1883, to Miss Rosa L. Grear, a native of Tennessee and a daugh- ter of Robert F. Greer and Kate, nee McDon- ald, who came to Dallas county in 1877. Her jrrandfather went from South Carolina to Tennessee at an early day. Her father now lives with her, her mother having died on the 8th of May, 1891. In 1887 Mr. Taylor sold his farm and purchased his present home property, where he is now engaged in farm- ing and stock-raising. This place contains 356 acres, 200 of which are under cultivation. He and his brother own a large stock range in Tom Green county, Texas, where he has about 4,000 cattle. Mrs. and Mrs. Taylor are the parents of two children: Eugene Hamilton and Kattie Erin. Their oldest child died at the age of seven months. Mr. Taylor is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian and his wife of the Christian Church. Politically, he affiliates with the Democratic party. He is a man whose good judgment and well-directed efforts have won for him success in liis various undertakings. [ILLIAM P. COLE, a highly honored citizen of Dallas, was born in Harri- son county, Texas, in 1846, a son of John Cole, a pioneer of Texas, and was but four years of age when his father died. His mother, whose maiden name was McCurry, is still living, a landmark of the olden time, God-fearing and brave, and devoted to her children and the good of the people gener- ally, by her practical symyathy with benevo- lent movements. Being the eldest of the children, upon young Cole naturally devolved gi-eat responsibilities at an early age. He went with his grandparents to the extreme frontier, into what was tlien the Milan district. At the beginning of the war he returned to Dallas and enlisted in Company B, Thirty- first Texas Infantry, under Col. Hawpe, in the service of the Confederacy. The opera- tions of his regiment were in Texas, Louisi- ana and Arkansas, and he was consequently in many perilous situations, under Kirby Smith. He was in the service three years when he was honrably discharged, and settled in Waller county, southern Texas, engaging in mercantile pursuits. In 1877 he joined the Knights of Honor, and for thirteen years has been one of the pillars of that organization. The first year he was elected Grand Reporter, and in De- cember of the same year Grand Secretary' of the order, as also of the order of the Knights and Ladies of Honor, which position he still holds, to the satisfaction of all. In 1882 he was elected Grand Recorder for the Ancient Order of United Workmen, which position he is also fulfilling still. He has also been a member of the Finance Committees of the Knights of Honor and the Knights and La- dies of Honor. He has taken an important and influential part in the legislation of the two orders, devoting his whole time to his duties as secretary, having an able assistant. The marvelous jjrowth of the order attests his honesty, industry and efficiency, as it has grown under his aid from a membership of 600 to 300,000. He is the best known lodge man in Texas, having been a member of almost every Grand Lodge since he has been in office. In his political sympathies he is a Democrat, and in 630 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. his religious relations he is a member of the Protestant Episcopal Church. He was married in 1869, to M. Alice Hooper, a native of Alabama, who was reared in Texas, and they have tliree sons and one daughter: John T., William P., Jr., Emily Frank and Baxley. ^ ^ F^i P. SANDERSON, deceased, was en- gaged in the real-estate business at Oak Cliff, Dallas county. He was burn in Amelia county, Virginia, in 1833, the third of eight children born to Robert T. and Ann N. (Kidd) Sanderson, also natives of Virginia. Grandfather Sanderson was a soldier in the war of 1812, and his son, Robert T., was a farmer all his life, and his death occurred in "Virginia, in 1846; the mother of our subject died in that State in 1872. T. P. Sanderson, our subject, commenced life for himself as a farmer, and in 1861 he enlisted as a private in Company O, First Virginia Cavalry, and was afterward elected Sergeant of his company. He participated in the battles of Chickahominj, Manassas, Petersburg, Richmond, Monterey and Spott- sylvania Courthouse. At the close of his service he returned to Virginia, and in 1869 removed to Christian county, Kentucky, and engaged in railroad contracting and building. He was so engaged until coming to Texas in 1881, after which he followed tlie real-estate business, buying and selling in Dallas and Oak Cliff, and he ultimately owned consider- able property in both places. He moved to Oak Cliff in 1884, occupying a beautiful home. He took an active part in politics, votino- with the Democratic party, and socially was a member of William A. Smith Lodge, near Cochran Chapel, A. F. & A. M., and also of the Farmers' Alliance. Mr. Sanderson was married in Virginia, January 28, 1857, to Miss Ann M. Moseley, a native of that State, and a daughter of Richard J. and Mary (Adams) Moseley, also natives of Virginia. Mr. and Mrs. Sander- son had seven cliildreii, viz.: S. C, who died in 1885; John B., deceased in the same year; S. J., a resident of Dallas; R. L., a merchant of this city; T. P., at home; Ella Lee, wife of W. L. Daniel, of Oak Clitf; Roger P., a member of the police force of Dallas. Mr. T. P. Sanderson died March 16, 1892, of la grippe, at the family residence, surrounded by his family and sorrowing friends, and was interred in the family lot at Oak Cliif ceme- tery' March 17. His remains were followed to their last resting place by the prominent citizens of Oak Cliff" and Dallas. ILLIAM TRAMMELL, proprietor of a saloon on Elm street, Dallas, was born in Omaha city, in 1851, the youngest of nine children born to William and Mary (Young) Trammell, the former a native of Knoxville, Tennessee, and the latter of Monticello, Kentucky. The parents were married in the latter State, and at an early day removed to Omaha, Nebraska, where he was engaged as a surveyor, and was also Probate Judge. In 1865 they came to Dal- las, Texas, and later settled at Corsicana, Texas, where he died in 1865, and the mother afterward removed to Arkansas, where she died in 1865. William Trammell, our subject, was reared in the city of Omaha, and in 1866 he came to Dallas, where he learned the tinner's trade, with C. D. Kanady. He worked at BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 631 his trade until 1887, wlien he engaged in the saloon business, on Elm street. He has taken an active part in politics, voting with the Democratic party, and socially, is a member of Coeur De Lion Lodge, No. 8, K. of F., having joined that order in 1875. Mr. Trammel! has witnessed the growth of Dallas from a small hamlet to its present magnitude, and has always taken an active interest in everything for its good. He was married in this city, in 1883, to M. Ehrhardt, a native of Franklin, Louisiana, and a daughter of M. E. and Mary Ehrhardt, natives of Germany. The father, a merchant tailor by trade, settled in Kew Orleans at an early day, and was killed at Franklin, Loui- siana, and the mother still resides in the latter city. Mr. and Mrs. Trammell have had four children: Etnma, Louie, Georgie and Willie. 3f>- A. SALE was born in Estill county, Kentucky, June 26, 1829. He lived on a farm with liis father until he was twenty-one, when he engaged in farming lor himself and was thus occupied most of the time until he was twenty-nine. He was married May 20, 1858, to Miss L. J. Mun- day, and after his marriage continued farm- ing operations until the war broke out. He was then employed by the Government as drover for the army, dealing in mules and horses. In one week's time he delivered up ward of 1,500 mules. After the war he sold his farm and engaged in the mercantile busi- ness for seven years in Mercer county, Ken- tucky. In the fall of 1872 Mr. Sale came to Texas. The first year he rented and operated a farm in Collin county. Then he moved to his present place, he having purchased a two- thirds interest in 640 acres of land in Dallas and Collin counties before coming to this State. On this property he has since con- tinued to reside, now owning 300 acres of fine, well improved land. His residence is surrounded with shade trees and is, indeed, a beautiful and attractive home. In his farm- ing operations Mr. Sale has been uniformly successful. He has 125 acres under cultiva- tion and the rest of his land is in pasture. On his farm are two tenant houses. His chief products are corn, cotton and hay. He raises and deals in mules, cattle, horses, hogs and sheep. Mrs. Sale was born on the 16th of Jan- uary, 1837, a daughter of Edmond and Mar- garet Munday. Her mother was born in 1802, and is still living. For a more ex- tended mention of her see the sketch of Dr. G. W. Newman, with whom she resides. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Munday are as follows: Susan May, wife of Dr. Speers; James, Sarah and R. L. deceased; Reuben P.; J. J.; and L. J., wife of R. A. Sale. Mr. Munday died July 14, 1866, aged sixty-four years. Of Mr. Sale's parents be it recorded that his father, Samuel Sale, was born in Vir- ginia and removed from there to Kentucky with his father when he was only seven years old. He was reared in that State and there married to Miss Mildred Harris. He died at the age of seventy-three years. Tiie names of their seven children are: Stephen, Nancy, Webber H., A. IL, R. A., Elizabeth and B. H. To Mr. and Mrs. Sale twelve children have been born, viz.: James M., born October 30, 1860, killed at Jackson, Tennessee, January 21, 1878; Samuel Mc, born October 1, 1862; Reuben B., March 7, 1865; Stephen H., 633 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. June 7, 1867; John W. H., April 15, 1869; Walter D., December 6, 1871; Sarah B., June 11, 1874; Annie M., June 4, 1876; Charley P. and R. L., twins, born April 15, 1878; Charley P. died June 15, 1878; Jesse A., May 15, 1881; Willie Clay, Janxiary 13, 1884. Mr. Sale is a Royal Arch Chapter Mason, and has filled all the offices in his lodge. He is also a member of the Knights of Honor, having his membership in Piano Lodge, No. 977, and having served as Dictator of that order. Mrs. Sale is a member of the Knights and Ladies of Honor. She carries $1,000 in- surance in that order, and her husband twice that amount. Both are looking to the welfare of their family, should either one be carried away. Mr. Sale is a member of the Christian Church, and his wife of the Mis- sionary Baptist Church. ESLEY F. CURTIS was born in Ma- comb county, Michigan, March 25, 1832. When he was a small boy he moved with his father to Ohio, and was there reared, remaining with his parents until his marriage. On the 8d day of April, 1853, he wedded Miss Elizabeth Pearl. He continued farming in the Buckeye State until 1861, when he moved to Illinois and bought land. There he carried on farming operations until 1873, the year he moved to Dallas county, Texas. While in Illinois Mr. Curtis had con- siderable bad luck, owing to sickness, he hav- ing settled in a very unhealthy portion of the State, and when he arrived in Dallas he had but little means with which to make a start. He bought a lot and built a house there, but as he found it somewhat difficult to make money in town, he purcha.sed 190 acres in the eastern part of Dallas county and commenced to improve the farm on which he has since lived. His land is now nnder a good state of cultivation and he has a nice little home, located near New Hope and three miles north of Mesquite. Of his parents, we record that his father, Milo S. Curtis, was born in Danbury, Con- necticut, December 11, 1793. He was a sad- dler and harnessmaker by trade. When a young man he went to New York, and was there married to Miss Cynthia Brant, in 1824. She was born in Watertown, New York, March 11, 1808. In 1828 they moved to Michigan, bought land, improved it and lived there until 1835. That year Mr. Curtis sold out and moved to Ohio, becoming one of the pioneer settlers of that State. He took up Government land in Scioto county, improved it and lived on it until tlie time of his death, September 23, 1864. His widow survived him twenty-five years and one day, her death occurring September 24, 1889, at the age of eighty-one years. Five of their children are still living, of whom the subject of our sketch is next to the oldest. They are Laura, wife of John Holman; Wesley F. ; Ciiarles B. ; William C, and Ellen, wife of D. F. Brown. Mrs. Wesley F. Curtis was born in Jack- son county, Ohio, August 25, 1833. Her father, Robert Pearl, was born in Virginia in 1804. Her mother, whose maiden name was Nancy Morrow, was born in 1808 and died in 1848, aged forty years. Iler father was subsequently married to Deborah Wells. He is now deceased. By his last marriage he had no children. Following is the issue from his first union: Mary, wife of Jonathan Mar- tin; Jane, wife of John Harrison; Bazel; Thomas, deceased; Elizabeth, wife of Wesley F. Curtis; Cynthia, wife of Peter Gould- berry; and Samuel, Robert, Andrew and UISTORY OF DALLAS COUNT i . 633 James — the last two dying when qnite youtig. Of the above named only four are now living. Mr. and Mrs. Curtis have had nine chil- dren born to them, whose names are as fol- lows: John B. ; Robert P.; Jennie, wife of R. S. Kimbrough; Sallie; Mary; George, Lillie, wifeof William Morris; William and Rosa. Rosa was born November 6, 1869, and died in 1871. fnOMAS Iv. FLOWERS was born in Wilson county, Tennessee, December 25, 1840. He has been a resident of Texas since 1870. Joseph Flowers, his lather, was also a na- tive of Tennessee, born in Rutherford county. He met his death by drowning, July 4, 1848, at tiie age of thirtj -seven years. The mother of Thomas K. was, before her marriage, Miss Cynthia Lannom. She was born May 23, 1811, daughter of William Lannom, and died in November, 1869, at the age of fifty-eight years. Following are the names of the chil- dren born to Joseph Flowers and his wife: James S., William M., Green B., deceased, Sarah B., wife of J. M. Sinclare, is deceased, Andrew J., a resident of Texas, and Thomas K., the youngest of the family. The subject of our sketch was first mar- ried in Tennessee, co Miss Snsan B. Mul- lins, who was born May 24, 1843, daughter of Thomas Mullins. She came to Texas with her husband in 1870, and died on Red River, May 29, 1873, at the age of thirty years. Their union was blessed with four children, whose names and dates of birth are as follows: Udorah, born August 10, 1867; Joseph T., born April 15, 1869; Laura M., February 8,1871; Willie, Febru- ary 15, 1873. The last named died in July, 1873. Mr. Flowers rented land on Red River for seven years after he came to Texas. In the fall of 1877 lie came to Dallas county and bought 200 acres of land. His second mar- riage was celebrated with Martha J. (Ham- ilton) Harbin, who was born October 10, 1844. Thomas S. Hamilton, her father, was born in Wilson county, Tennessee, June 14, 1820, and her mother, nee Elizabeth J. Bal- lard, was born March 7, 1827. Mr. Hamil- ton came to Texas in 1830, he being ten years old at that time. The Indians were then numerous and troublesome here, and it was with difficulty that the early settlers protected their families and their property from the ravages of the red men. Mr. Ham- ilton served all throuo-h the Mexican war. His first wife died in December, 1853, at the age of twenty-six years. Mrs. ^''lowers is the oldest of their children. The names of her brothers and sisters are Mary E., who became the wife of William J. Cherry, is now deceased;" Amanda C, who died when quite young; Marcus W., Albert A., Augusta, wife of Charles Vaughn. Mr. Hamilton was married the second time, in 1867, to Martha Newland, by whom he had five children: Lucy R., wife of Boyd Bledsoe; Georgia A., Lela A., Alma and Robert. Mr. Hamilton departed this life in Dece!iiber, 1883, at the age of sixty-three years. Mrs. Flowers was the owner of 115 acres of land at the time she married her pres- ent husband, and that, with the 200 acres Mr. Flowers purchased, makes 315 acres, a fine farm that is now improved. Eighty acres are under cultivation, and the rest is used for pasture, being dotted over with fine Jersey and Holstein cattle. By his present companion Mr. Flowers has six chil- 63f BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. dreii, viz.: Nina A., born April 10, 1876; Bealah H., April 18, 1878; Willie M., May 14, 1880; Mattie E., April 4, 1882, and died October 4, 1886; Mora Lee, July 9, 1884, and James D., August 29, 1886. By the former husband, David A. Ilarhin, a native of Kentucky, born September 15, 1828, Mrs. Flowers has one son, John D. Harbin, born October 4, 1861. Mr. and Mrs. Flowers and live of their children are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Flowers is associ- ated with the Masonic fraternity, being a member of Duck Creek Lodge, No. 441; is also a Knight of Honor, having his mem- bership with Pleasant Valley Lodge, No. 2756. His political views are in harmony with Democratic principles. lORNELIUS M. TUCKER, was born in Whitefield county, Georgia, August 4, 1844, and was reared and educated in his native place, remaining there until he reached his majority. November 2, 1871, he wedded Miss Nancy A. Smith, and October 30 of the following year he came to Dallas county, Texas. For four years he rented land and at the end of that time bought 100 acres. He then moved to his land and tented out until he was able to build a house. After living there ten years he purchased 109 acres of unimproved land, where lie now lives, having brought it up to its present high state of development. He has since bought other lands and now owns in this county and others 924 acres, besides valuable property in Colorado city, a town of 5,000 inhabitants. When Mr. Tucker came to Texas he had a few hundred dollars, but was unfortunate, lost it all and had to begin again without anything. He has since met with eminent success. Previous to his coming to this State he was engaged in a general mer- chandise business, but sincft his arrival here has given his whole attention to agricultural pursuits. Of Mr. Tucker's parents we record tliat his father, Alden Tucker, was born in 1799, and died in 1884, at the age of eighty-five years. His mother was before her marriage Miss Elizabeth Bailey. She departed this life at the age of eighty-eight years. Their family consisted of twelve children, namely: Elijah; Williatn; Archy; James; Lucinda, wife of Robert Isbel ; Clinton C. ; George W. ; Martha, wife of N. F. Wilson; Amanda, wife of Willinra H. Miller; Pollie Ann, wife of Joel Smith; Elizabeth, who died when about eighteen years old; and Cornelius M., the yonngest and the subject of this article. Mrs. Tucker's parents were Silas Smith and Elizabeth J. Johnson, natives of Jackson county, Georgia. Her father died at the age of eighty-three years. Their five chil- dren were: Mary, wife of Julius Hudson; John T., deceased; Samuel F. ; Elizabeth J., wife of John Pan-is; Nancy A., wife of C. M. Tucker. Mr. and Mrs. Tucker have had two chil- dren: Clinton C, born August 30, 1872, and Elizabeth J., September 10, 1884. Mr. Tucker is held in high esteem by all who know him. To his genial good nature, his strict integrity and his industrious habits may be attributed his success in life. UGUSTUS GARRISON.— This gentle- man, an enterprising young farmer, re- siding near Pleasant Valley, Dallas county, Texas, dates his birth in York county, South Carolina, August 14, 1869. HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 635 Williain F. (-irarrison, bis father, was born in York county, October 14, 1841, and was tbere married, November 24, 1865, to Miss Nancy IT. E. Poovey. She too, was a native of the same county, born August 23, 1846. Four years after their marriage, in 1869, they moved to Jiradley county, Arkansas. Following are the names of William F. Gar- rison's brothers and sisters: Peter; John; James, who was killed in the war; Sallie, de- ceased, wife of David Jackson; Mary, de- ceased; and Zeine. William F. was next to the youngest of the family. The members composing the Poovey family are, Duncan; Nancy E., mother of the subject of our sketch; Robert; Kate; Augustus; James; John and Mary; the last thiee are deceased. To William F. Garrison and his wife were born the following named children: Mary C, born September 2, 1866, and is now the wife of William S. Tucker; James P., born Jan- uary 9, 1868; Augustus; Emma, born Febru- ary 5, 1871; John D., bora July 22, 1872; William, born January 11, 1874; Cordelia E., born October 22, 1875; Nancy, born January 11, 1878; and Lois, born July 4, 1881. In 1879, Mr. Garrison moved from Arkansas to Texas, where he rented land and farmed for three years. Ilis death occurred October 6, 1882, at the age of forty-one years. After their father's death, Augustus and his brother, J. P., continued to live with their mother and cultivate the farm. After renting for live years, they bought 120 acres of improved land for thejr mother, and paid for it. They have since purchased 200 acres for themselves. All this land is well fenced, eighty acres of the Jirst farm and 130 acres of the other being under cultivation. When the family first came to Texas, and at the father's death, they were in limited circum- stances, but the sons went earnestly to work to secure a home and now have their mother comfortably lixed. They are industrious young men, upright and honest in all their dealings, and are bound to make their mark in the world. They have had but little op- portunity for schooling, but have acquired sufficient education to intelligently conduct their farming operations. During the war, Mr. Garrison's father served in the Confeder- ate array, and at that time contracted disease from which he never recovered, and which caused his death. Both parents had united with the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, and three of their daughters and the subject of our sketch are members of the same church. IfHOMAS P. FISHER dates liis birth in Kentucky, in 1833. His father, John Fisher, was a farmer in that State; his mother, nee Margaret Barbour, a native of Kentucky, died in Missouri, in 1849. They had eight children, viz.: Eliz- abeth, who married John D. Rupard, by whom she had twelve children, ten of whom are living; Sarah Jane, wife of W. J. Rupard, has six children ; Thomas B., the subject of this sketch: Robert H., who married Eliza Ingles, by whom he had ten children, six of whom are living; Mary Ann, wlio married Reuben Hogg, by whom she had seven chil- dren, four of whom are living; Isaac, who wedded Caroline Beeman, had three children, of whom two are living; Jennie, wife of John Fisher, has seven children; Christopher wedded Margaret Ilunnicut, and five of their seven children are now living. In 1850, the father, John Fisher, married Paralee Rupard. By her he had five children, four of whom survive, viz.: W. E. Fisher, who married Fannie Martin, by whom he had eight ciiil- 630 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. dren ; Isabella, wife of John Ward ; Silas, who married Laura Williamson, and by her has three children; Paralee, who wedded A. B. Kirk, and has two children. Thomas B. Fisher, the subject of the sketch, went from Kentucky to Polk county, Missonri, in 1844, where, after reaching man- hood, lie engaged in farming. In 1851-'52, he crossed the plains to New Mexico; in 1854, he went to California, and in 1856, he returned to Missouri. At the outbreak of the war he enlisted in Captain Morris Mitch- ell's company, Parsons' brigade. Confederate army. The service was chiefly infantry, and the scene of action in Arkansas and south- west Missonri. In 1863, he was elected First Lieutenant of Company A, in Jack- man's regiment. Jackman also commanded the brigade. W. H. Lemmons, of Dallas, was troop captain. Mr. Fisher was in the last raid into Missouri from Arkansas; was wounded in the engagements at Pilot Knob and Glasgow; was engaged also at Prairie Grove, Little Rock and Helena, Arkansas. After the surrender of Lee, his company was disbanded, at Corsicana, with all the brigade. Mr. Fisher was married in Polk county, Missouri, in 1857, to Mary E., daughter of Rnssell Murray of Benton county, Missouri, by whom he had six children, live of whom are living. They are as follows: Russell, who married Mollie Rupart, has three children living; Lizzie, wife of J. H. McCommas; and Murray, Florence and Jackman. During Mr. Fisher's service in the field, liis w ife moved to Arkansas, and in 1864, she, in company with Mrs. O. P. Bowser, of Dallas, left Carroll county, Arkansas, by wagon en route to Texas. Arriving at the Arkansas river, they abandoned their wagon and rode on horseback from that point to Hempstead county, Arkansas, where Mr. Fisher joined them. They settled at Rich- ardson, Dallas county, where they made their home for sixteen years, after which they set- tled on the old homestead farm of A. Mc- Commas', where they now live. They claim that their house is one among the oldest in Dallas county, it having been built in 1844, or near that time. Mr. Fisher is the present County Commis- sioner for Precinct No. 1. He is a politician of Democratic faith, and is active in public affairs. With the exception of the years spent in the army, he has devoted himself to farming. He is a member of the Masonic order, and also of the Baptist Church. He has never missed an election since old enough to vote, excepting during the war, and then voted for Jeif. Davis each time. He has never scratched a Democratic nominee. AMUEL H. NANCE, farmer, was b:)rn in Cass county Illinois, May 21, 1849, son of O. B. and Sarah B. Nance, natives of Virginia who moved to Kentucky, where they were married, and in 1839 to Illinois. In the fall of 1851 the father came to Texas and bought a section of wild land, which he at once proceeded to improve. He added to his original purchase until he had at the time of his death, in 1874, about 2,000 acres, all good land. Of his ten children eight are still living, — six of them in this county, one in Illinois and one in California. Mr. Nance, whose name heads this sketch, completed his school days at Marvin College, in Waxahachie. After he became of age he continued work on the farm. He now has a fine farm of 340 acres, all improved, 140 acres being; in a fine state of cultivation. He was married January 12, 1876, to Miss i. \ HISTOMT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 637 Lila Piigh, a native of Mississippi and a daughter of J. M. Pugh. By tliis tnarriage there were two children, both of whom died in infancy. November 22, 1882, Mr. Nance was married the second time, on this occasion wedding Miss R. L. Pogue, a native of Vir- ginia and a daugiiter of James and Edna Pogue, also natives of the Old Dominion. By this marriage there is one son, Olin B. € > fREDERICK W. PELLENZ, plinnber. Dallas, Texas. — No business requires a more thorough knowledge of details than that which relates to the sanitary condi- tion of our houses and public buildings. Of late years this subject has received the care- ful study of scientific men, who make san- itary plumbing a specialty, and the perfec- tion to which the science has been brought is the best comment upon the intelligence which has been devoted to it. In this im- portant enterprise, together with handling all necessary stock pertaining to the business, Mr. Frederick W. Pellenz has achieved a well-earned reputation and is a member of the firm of Pellenz & Co. He was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. May 23, 1856, and was the seventh in a family of nine children born to William W. and Helen H. (Palasier) Pellenz, natives of Louisiana but of German origin. The father's birth oc- curred at New Orleans, and he was one of the veterans of the Mexican war, receiving a wound at the battle of Monterey. He was a tinner by trade, and at one time (1855) took a contract to furnish the city of New Orleans with oil lamps for illumina';ion. He was elected Captain of Company A, Heavy Ar- tillery, of the State militia, and was holding that position when he met with the accident 42 that caused hie death. He was superintend- ing the erection of the first grain elevator ever built in the city of New Orleans, and while up on the frame woi'k his feet slipped and he fell to the ground, a distance of many feet, injuring his hip very seriously. He went to New York city for treatment, but was told that his case was hopeless (as he had been told in New Orleans), but he would not give up, and went to Paris, France. There he received no encouragement, and returned to New Orleans, where his death occurred, March 30, 1867. He left a wife and five children, four sons and a daughter. Two of the sons reside ^t Denver, Colorado, and one at New Orleans, and the daughter, who is now the wife of D. W. Fraek, resides in Denver also. The mother's death occurred in Au- gust, 1870, when in her fiftieth year. The maternal grandfather of the above mentioned children, wf^s a gallant soldier in the war of 1812. F. W. Pellenz commenced business for himself as collector for a New Orleans firm, held the position until his mother's death, and then went to Chicago, Illinois, where he began working as an apprentice to a contract- ing plumber, with whom he remained five years, becoming in that time thoroughly familiar with his trade. He afterward worked for f^nother firm for two years, and in 1879, came to Texas, locating at Paris. His health was very poor at this time and he was advised to rough it on the frontier for a few months. He accordingly secured a posi- tion on a ranch in western Texas, as a cow- boy, and although he weighed but 100 pounds when he went there, in a year's time he had gained forty pounds. He returned to Chi- cago, Illinois, and accepted a position with the Detroit Heating and Lighting Company, being sent by that company to Fulton, Ar- fi38 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. kansas, where he put up an extensive gas plant and equipped a large hotel lor the use of gas. Returning to Chicago, he engaged with another firm and was sent to Hot Springs, Arkansas, to do the plumbing and steam heating in a large hotel of that city. Finishing liis contract, he went to Paris, Texas, to do the steam-fitting and plumbing in the new jail and courthouse, this being the first work of the kind done in that city. He subsequently went to Little Rock, Ar- kansas, and embarked in merchandising in a little town called Galloway, where he was made the first Democratic Postmaster in Ar- kansas. His predecessor was shot and killed by a negro. Mr. Pellenz continued in busi- ness in that town for two years, when he sold out and went to Kerr, Arkansas, where he was again made Postmaster. Shortly after his appointment his clerk was assassinated, and Mr. Pellenz sold out his stock of general merchandise and moved to Dallas, Texas. Here he accepted a position with C. E. Hos- mer, a contracting plumber of the then young city, and remained with him six months. From here he went to Austin, where he was in the same business for five years, but he was then prostrated by a dangerous fever, in M'hich he came very near losing his eye- sight. He went to New Orleans and after a long course of treatment his sight was very much improved. After a series of moves to various places, Mr. Pellenz located in Gal- veston, Texas, where he remained fifteen months. On the 12th of January, 1887, he was united in marriage to Miss Clara Louise Polvogt, daughter of F. C. and Elizabeth Polvogt, the father a native of Germany but of Polish descent. Mr. Polvogt came to America at an early day and took an active part in the Rebellion, being in the marine service and serving on a man-of-war. His death occurred during the yellow fever epi- demic of 1868. The mother is of German de- scentand is oneofatriplet,thethree yet living, one in Germany, another in New York city and the mother of Mrs. Pellenz, who makes her home in Galveston, Texas. After his marriage Mr. Pellenz came to Dallas, locating here in 1888, the gas foreman of the works. A year later he opened up business for liini- self and has been doing unusually well. Mr. Pellenz is a member of Dallas branch of C. K. of A. Lodge, No. 70, and is president of the Local Plumbers' Association. In politics he is neutral. He and his wife hold inetn- bership in the Catholic Chiirch. fOHN RAPE, one of the representative farmers of Dallas county, was born in Sangamon county, Illinois, September 18, 1842, a son of Jackson and Eliza J (Sump- ter) Rape, natives of Tennessee and Maryland. The father improved the farm wheie he lived until his death, which occurred August 9, 1889. They were the parents of eight chil- dren, six of whom are still living. The subject of this sketch came with his father to Dallas county in January, 1854, and settled on the farm where lie now lives. In those early days railroads were unknown, and they made the journey in wagons. Mr. Rape has followed farming as an occupation since coming to this State, except when in the service of the Confederate army, when he was engaged in the manufacture of fire-arms for the soldiers. He first worked at Lan- caster, this county, then at Marshall, Texas, and at the close of the war he was in the shops at Tyler, this State, and had no means. He afterward returned to his father's. He BISTORT OF DALLAS OOUNTT. 639 now occupies the old homestead, of 415 acres, 125 acres of whicli is in a tine state of cultivation. Mr. Rape was married January 29, 1862, to Miss Julia A., a daughter of Jacob Boyd- son, a native of Kentucky. By this union there were six children, live of whom survive: Mary A., Ida J., William J., Oma D. and Hugh E. Mr. Rape lost his wife by death, and he was then married to Mary, daughter of M. G. Terry, a native of Virginia. They have had two children, Rufus H. and Lorena. He is a member of the order of Odd Fellows, and also of the Christian Church. ^CH>^ ^ jLLANSON DAWD7, one of the first settlers of Dallas county, Texas, is a son of Allanson and Nancy (Garrison) Dawdy. His father was born in Tennessee, July 12, 1786. From there, in 1815, he re- moved to Illinois, where he remained till death. He was an active member of the Baptist Church, and a man of strict integrity and good habits. His marriage to Nancy Garrison occurred May 12, 1805. To them were born twelve children, as follows: James, born August 12, 1807, died in 1867; Sarah, April 25, 1809, now deceased; Elizabeth, June 11, 1811, is a resident of Illinois; Howell, January 13, 1813, is deceased; Matthew, November 23, 1815; George W., March 23, 1819, deceased; Daniel, Novem- ber 23, 1870; Rachel, February 27, 1822; Nancy, Septembers, 1824, deceased; Allan- son, the subject of this sketch; Jesse, April 8, 1828; William C, June 28, 1831. Allanson Dawdy, whose name heads this article, was born December 15, 1826. He remained with his parents until 1846, when he enlisted in the Mexican war and served one year; was in the engagement at Buena Vista, under. Colonel Hardin. Returning from the war, he located in Dallas county, Texas. On the Trinity river he ran a ferry, known as Dawdy's Ferry. This he continued until 1881. In the mean time he purchased the farm where he now lives. During the civil war he enlisted, in Darnell's regiment, under Captain Perry; was in a number of skirmishes, and was First Lieutenant. At the lime of Lee's surrender he was at Tyler, Texas. In 1848 Mr. Dawdy was married to Re- becca Shelton, daughter of William and Elizabeth Shelton, natives of Virginia. For his second wife he married Miss Mary Kin- ney, and for his present, Mary Batchelor, a native of Missouri. Mr. Dawdy has had eight children, viz.: Samuel W., afarmerof Dallas county, Texas; Allanson, Jr., a farmer of Hamilton county, Texas; Jane, wife of R. Keithley; William, a farmer of Dallas county, Texas; and John Jesse, Olie, Byron and Ross, at home. Politically, Mr. Dawdy is a Democrat. He is a member of the Masonic order and has been an active member of the Christian Church for several years, and was at one time a deacon of the church. Such is a brief sketch of one of the pioneer settlers and substantial farmers of Dallas county. fESSE M. RAMSEY, one of the pros- perous farmers of Dallas county, was born in Pettis county, Missouri, a son of Samuel and Salinda Ramsey. The parents came to Texas in November, 1845, settling on the farm where our subject now lives, having bought a patent on 570 acres. The father remained here about thirty years and 640 HISTORY OF DALLAS COONTT. then moved to near Whitesborough, Grayson county, Texas, where he died in the fall of 1888. He was tlie father of twelve children, namely: Martha, William R., John B., Jesse M., Mary Ann, James C, Henry, Laura, Fannie and Rose. Three of the children died when young. Mr. Ramsey's first wife was a Miss J^'uller, who died in the winter of 1868, at the age of forty-six years. Jesse M. was born in 1843, being but two years of age when his father settled on the place where he now lives. He has about 1,000 acres of fine black land, 300 acres of which is under a Hue state of cultivation. He was married in September, 1869, to Miss Catherine Trees, the daughter of Craw- ford and Annie M. Trees, who were the first to procure license to marry after the organiza- tion of Dallas county. Mr. and Mrs. Trees were natives of Union county, Illinois, and came to Texas in April, 1845, taking up the land where the father lived until his death, in February, 1889. Mr. and Mrs. Ramsey are the parents of three children: W. C, John Henry Brown and Winnie Ann. Politically, Mr. Ramsey is a Democrat, and religiously, is a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. By close attention and hard work he has gath- ered around him considerable of this world's goods. ffAMES LYONS.— This enterprising farmer although not a native of Texas, has been identified with the interests of this State all his life. He was born in Hawkins county, Tennessee, February 26, 1853, and that same year his father moved to Texas, in wagons, making the journey in nine weeks. William M. Lyons, his father, was born in Hawkins county, Tennessee, May 5, 1824. His first wife, who before her marriage was Ellen Smith, wedded in Tennessee, and by her had two children: Samuel S. and Ellen: the former is deceased. For his second wife William M. Lyons married Caroline Watter- son, daughter of Henry Watterson; she was born February, 27, 1825, married William M. Lyons, in 1852, and they had four chil- dren: James, Rosanna E., Henry W., and George M.; James is the only one living; Rosanna E. married John B. Harris, and left one child, P. Arthur Harris. William M. Lyons settled in the eastern portion of Dal- las county, where he bought 640 acres of land. James Lyons and his mother still live on the old place. In 1862, William M. Lyons joined the Burford legiment. Captain Thomas' Company, and went into the Confederate army, believ- ing that it was his duty to try to protect the rights of the country he lived in: was with Price on his raid into Missouri. From ex- posure incurred while in service, Mr. Lyons was taken sick, and came home on a sick fur- lough, where he died, December 3, 1863, aged thirty-nine years. His father dying when James was only ten years of age, he, being the oldest of the family, still lives on the land his father purchased. It is located fif- teen miles east of Dallas, and eight miles south of Garland. James Lyons was married, January 10, 1875, to Miss Lillie Stubblefield, who was born in Virginia, April 4, 1856. Her father, William Stubblefield, born in Tennessee, July 27, 1822, was first married to Miss Harriet Profit. Three children were born to them : Henrietta, John P. and Harriet. Of these three only the first named, who is the wife of Samuel Logins, is living. For his second wife Mr. Stubblefield wedded Miss Margaret HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. 641 Duff, in 1854, she, too, being a native of Vir- ginia. Seven children were born to this union, namely: Mrs. Lyons; Mollie, wife of Gus Jordan; Joseph; William, deceased; LuUie; Mattie, wife of Russell Jordan; and Charley. Mr. and Mrs. Lyons have four children, viz.: William, born March 1, 1876; Ina, October 4, 1880; John H., November 8, 1883; and James J., July 11, 1886. Mrs. Lyons is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Churfeh. aBERT T. BURCHARDT was born in Lowenberg, Germany, September 14j 1864, son of Frederick and Gussie (Rouge) Burchardt, natives of Germany, and with them, in 1876, emigrated to America when he was twelve years old. The family came at once to Texas, and settled three miles east of Mesquite, where the father bought land and improved a farm, fie and his wife now reside at Mesquite. The subject of our sketch was the fourth-born in a family of ten children, whose names are as follows: James; Bertha, wife of Henry Brannegen; and Har- mon, Albert T., Matilda, Theodore, Charley, Frederick, Gussie and Minnie, — all now living. Albert T. lived with his father until he was twenty-two years of age, when he was mar- ried to Miss Minnie Bobe, October 8, 1887. She was born in Leese^ Hanover, Germany, January 27, 1867, and when nine years old came to this country with her mother, nee Elizabeth Nehrmeyer, who was born in Ger- many, July 9, 1842, and married William Bobe in 1864. He died in 1876, at the age of thirty-four years. The next year Mrs. Bobe came from her native land to Texas. They had three children, namely: Louisa, wife of Michael Greenbaum; Minnie, wife of Albert F. Burchardt; Mary, wife of Pole Beach. Mr. Burchardt began married life with little capital save a willing hand, and his honest and earnest efforts have been crowned with success. He bought a nice farm near ISew Hope, in the eastern part of Dallas county, and has since improved it, having erected a good house, barn and other build- ings. His land is all under fence, and his pastures are well stocked with horses, mules, and cattle. Mr. Burchardt belongs to that class of men who make a success of what- ever they undertake. He is good-natured, open-hearted, and possesses many estimable traits of character that render him a good neighbor and a most worthy citizen. He and his wife are members of the Lutheran Church. They have no children. PHOMAS McKEE ELLIS, deceased.— Another of the pioneers of Dallas county, whose name it is the province of this work to record in connection with the history of his adopted home, is Thomas Mc- Kee Ellis, who was of Scotch and Irish descent, some of whom served in the Revo- lutionary war. He was for nearly a half cen- tury a resident of this vicinity. Mr. Ellis was a pioneer in the broadest and best sense of the word, and came of pioneer ancestry. He was born in Abbeville district. South Carolina, and there grew to years of maturity, but just as he was verging on manhood his parents moved to Kentucky, and he accom- panied them. However, he only remained in that State a short time, for the Territory of Illinois had been thrown open to settlement. 642 HISTOBT OF DALLAS GOUNTT. and he moved across the Ohio river and took np his residence in what is now Polk county of that State. There he was married, about 1820, the lady whom lie selected as his life companion being Mary Witt, a daughter of John Witt, then of Polk county, but who subsequently became one of the pioneers of Dallas county, Texas, where many of his descendants now reside. From Polk county, Illinois, Mr. Ellis moved to Greene county, that State, and thence to Texas, whither he came in 1845, and made his first stop in this State, in Lamar county. After a few months he came to Dallas county, which he reached in the month of January, 1846. He settled in this county a short distance south of where the village of Lancaster now stands, and became the pos- sessor of 640 acres of land in that localit}'. He thus became a resident of the county be- fore it was regularly organized, and it is need- less to say, therefore, at a time when the country was but sparsely settled. Mr. Ellis never made but the one !nove, residing till the date of his death on the tract of land on which he settled when he first came to the county. He was not a public character and there is nothing therefore to record of him of a political nature. He was one of those men who always contributed to the solid wealth of the community in which they re- side by the labor of their bands rather than by busying themselves with the affairs of others, whether of a public or private charac- ter. As a citizen, however, he discharged his duties faithfully, rendering such service as good citizens are expected to and rendering them promptly and cheerfully. He led the unpretentious life of a farmer, but as such was successful far beyond the average man, accumulating considerable property, mostly in lands which he managed with discretion and from which his children received a large share of the benefits. Having been bi-onght up at a time when the advantages of an edu- cation were not so fully appreciated as at this day, and when the facilities for obtaining one were by no means what they are now, his training in this respect was necessarily neg- lected. He did not even have the oppor- tunities to make up in some degree for this misfortune after growing up, for the reason that his youth and early manhood were wholly absorbed in the conflicts and rough experiences that mark the life of the first settlers in a new country, he having resided successively on the frontiers of Kentucky, Illinois and Texas when the only art at that time known was the art of war, the only science the science of life as narrowly viewed from the stand- point of bread and butter, and the only litera- ture taught the plain old Anglo-Saxon of our common Bible. Yet, in sound sense and discriminating judgment he was not lacking. Li all the sterling virtues of manhood he rose to the full stature, and his life, though un- assuming, was crowded with usefulucBS and he left the impress of his character upon those by whom he was surrounded. For more than thirty years he was a member of the Masonic fraternity, and for about fifteen years of his later life he was a communicant of the Mis- sionary Baptist Church, and while identified with that body he lived conscientiously with his professions. Quietly at his home, sur- rounded by many of his children and old friends and amidst the scenes of nearly half a century of his labors, he passed away from this earth, on the 7th day of March, 1890, at the advanced age of ninety-one years, his loss most deeply lamented by those who had known him longest and best. For the last ten years of his life he was blind. The wife of his youth who had borne him a faithful HISTORY OF DALLAS GOUNTT. 643 companionship througli the long years of his toils and hardships, had preceded him to the land of rest, about a year, having died also at the old home place, on June 26, 1889, aged eighty-seven years. She, too, had been a member for many years of the Baptist Church and was a pious and exemplary Christian woman. Thomas M. and Mary Ellis were the par- ents of eleven children, all of whom grew to maturity and were married, and the most are living at the present time, and are resi- dents of this county. Their eldest, Elizabeth Jane, became the wife of John HofFman, of Greene county, Illinois, and there died, leav- ing one daughter to survive her. The second child of Thomas and Mary Ellis, Ellen Ma- linda, became the wife of Captain Middleton Perry, and at an early day came with him to Dallas county, Texas, and are now residing in the vicinity of Lancaster; Mary Ann is the widow of Jones Greene, of this county; Orilla Caroline has been married three times, and is now the wife of Judge John Stephens of Hillsboro, Hill county, Texas; Margaret was married to R. A. Lemmons, of Ellis cotmty, of this State, but is now deceased; Martha Angelina was married twice, now the wife of Thomas Ramby of Dallas county, and resides about three miles south of Lancaster; Harriet Emeline is the widow of Calvin Tay- lor and lives just west of the village of Lan- caster; William F., the eldest son, resides in Howard county, this State, having spent the most of his life, however, in this county, where he was reared and where he is well and favorably known in the southern part of the county; John T. is a resident of Lancaster; James Henry resides about one and one-half miles east of Lancaster, while the youngest, Louisa F., is the widow of W. L. White, who was for many years a successful merchant of Lancaster, and she still resides in the village. Some facts of more general interest concern- ing this lady will be found in the sketch of her deceased hushand, which appears in the biographical department of this work. ■--^i^i^^^m/^ \r<^ rlLLIAM A. HARRISON, the sub- ject of this sketch, is a native of ^ Alabama, born August 2, 1854. In September, 1875, at the age of twenty-one, he came to Texas, and since that time has been a resident of this State. The first year he hired out to a farmer and the second year cultivated land on the shares. December 24, 1876, he was united in marriage with Miss Mary Coyle, and at the time of their marriage her father presented them with sivty-five acres of wild land. Mr. Harrison at once went to work to improve it, and he and his wife lived on it for thirteen years. Dispos- ing of that property, Mr. Harrison bought 113 acres where he now lives, and this being the best of land he has developed it into a fine farm. By honest industry and good management he has worked his way up, like many other poor boys who came to Texas to seek their fortunes, and is now in easy cir- cumstances. Sidney Harrison, father of William A., was born in North Carolina. When a young man he went to Alabama and was there married to Miss Ruth Brooks, also a native of the State of North Carolina. He served four years in the Confederate army, and died in 1866, soon after his return from the war. His wife departed this life in December, 1873. They had a family of six children, whose names are as follows: William A.; W. M.; Martha; Mary E.; Lucy, wife of a Mr. Rogers; and Julia A., wife of Frank Hall. 6il BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. Mrs. Harrison's father's name was Michael Coyle. He was born in St. Francis county, Arkansas, May 16, 1829. He came to Texas in 1849, and tirst settled in Harrison county. On the 6th of January, 1852, he wedded Miss Manerva J. Hunter, and in December of the following year moved to Dallas county. Mrs. Coyle was born in west Tennessee, October 27, 1827, and came to Harrison county, Texas, in 1849. Mr. Coyle laid his claim on 160 acres of land in the eastern part of Dal- las county. He died January 14, 1863, at the age of lifty-three years and eight months. Mrs. Coyle died January 23, 1888, aged sixty years. They were the parents of nine chil- dren, three of whom died in infancy. The names of the others are: William H.; J. H.; M. S.; Mary C, wife of W. A. Harrison; Mattie, wife of John T. Luper; and Sallie, deceased. To William A. Harrison and his wife five children have been born: Lieu Emma, Fan- nie M., Lillie Bell, Addie Jane and D. W., the first and fourth named being deceased. Mrs. Harrison is a member of the Christian Church. Mr. Harrison is a Democrat in his political belief. fOHN P. POTTER dates his birth in Bedford county, Tennessee, February 17 1827. His parents, William and Jane (Kinby) Potter, were born in the years 1800 and 1803 respectively. In 1848, when John P. was twenty-one years of age, the family moved to Texas and settled in Smith county. They started South in wagons, but when they reached the river found their loads were too heavy, so they shipped the family and goods by boat, John P. and his father continuing on the journey with the teams. The senior Mr. Potter bought land in Smith county and remained there until his death, which occurred in August, 1851, at the age of tifty-one years. April 8, 1851, John P. Potter was united in marriage with Martha A. Oden, who was born in Texas, July 11, 1835, her father, Kinchen Oden, having moved with bis family from Illinois to Texas that same year. Mr. Potter first took a lieadrio-ht of 320 acres and improved it to some extent. He subsequently sold out and moved on a portion of his father's land. He next bought a farm in Tarrant county, engaged in tlie stock business and remained there two years. Disposing of his stock and land, he moved back to Smith county, and from there came to Dallas county, in 1861, and bought property near Haught's Store, where he now lives. At difierent times he added to his first purchase until his landed estate numbered 1,000 acres. As his children grew up he divided his land among them, re- taining 600 acres for himself. About half of this is under cultivation and all is well fenced. Scattered over his estate are tenant houses, and as a proof of his kind treatment of and just dealings with his tenants we state that some of them have been with him fifteen years. During the Civil war Mr. Potter enlisted in the army, in 1863, under Colonel Terrell, was in several battles and skirmishes and served until the war was over. Returning home, he again took up his agricultural pur- suits. During his absence much of his stock had been taken by the Confederate soldiers. Mr. Potter's wife died on the 24th of April, 1872, aged thirty-seven years. She had borne him nine children, whose names are as follows: William L. and Elizabeth, both now deceased; Lecie J., wife of D. C. Laudess; Mary B., wife of J. M. McKinzie; Sarah F., wife of W. H. Lumby; John K., HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. 645 deceased; Frank O.; Robert D.; and Martha E., deceased. In 1874 Mr. Potter was again married, — this time to Mrs. Jane Hill, nee Porter. Mr. Potter says that when they came to Texas they had little use for money. Year- lings were legal tender. If a man owed an- other $5 he gave him a .yearling calf. All he has Mr. Potter has made for himself since he came to Texas, with the exception of a few hundred dollars which were left to him at his father's death. Having lived here forty-three years, he may justly be ranked with the pioneers of the State. For seven years he has served as Justice of the Peace. Mrs. Potter is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. fOSEPH B. L>. YOUNG, real-estate dealer and capitalist, is one of the worthy pioneers of Texas, without whose per- sonal sketch a history of Dallas county would not be complete. He is a native of Tennes- see, born in Fayette county, April 21, 1836, the thirteenth of a family of sixteen children. His parents, Samuel and Judith (Palmer) Young, were natives of Virginia and removed to Tennessee while the Cherokee and Choctaw Indians were still in possession of a portion of the territory. The father was descended from one of the first families of Virginia, and was an extensive dealer in live-stock; he was also a slave-owner and did a large busi- ness in planting. He died in 1844, and his wife passed away in 1842. But twelve of their children grew to mature years, and only two daughters and two sons now survive. At the age of fifteen years, Joseph B. D. began life for himself. He came to Harrison county, Texas, and secured employment on a farm; for two years his chief occupation was following the plow. His educational advan- tages were very meager, and after these two years of service he took his earnings and went to school for a year; he was a student at McKenzie College, one of his fellow students being the Hon. John H. Cochran, now representing the Sixth Congressional District of Texas. He was eighteen years old, and almost penniless, but he was pos- sessed of a courageous heart, and a will de- termined to win the day; with these two characteristics, success must come. He soon became known as a rising young dealer in live-stock, and his judgment became the standard of the community. Mr. Young was married November 14, 1867, to Miss Visa Mahon, who was the sixth-born of a family of nine children of John and Elizabeth (Kinman) Mahon; her birth-day was April 27, 1837. Her father was a native of South Carolina, and the mother was born in the same State; she was a cousin of John C. Calhoun. The father died in Harrison county, Te.xas, 1868, and the mother in 1859. In 1871 Mr. and Mrs. Young came to Dallas, where Mr. Young has by careful and judicious investments acquired an ample competency for the coming years. He is considered one of the most substantial real- estate dealers in Dallas county, and is the owner of property valued at $40,000. He has contributed liberally both of his means and personal effort to all those enterprises which go to make a progressive business center. He has given to every railroad that enters the city, has taken stock in banks as they have been organized, and has made liberal donations of real estate to the city. He owns five acres where his residence is lo- cated, and has one of the most delightful 646 HI8T0RT OF DALLAS COUNTY. homes in tlie city. Two children were born to him and his wife, but both are deceased. Mr. Young was a soklier in the late war, being a member of Company H, Seventh Texas Volunteer Infantry; he was in the battle of Mansfield and of Shiloh, and in many skirmishes; he was in the service three years and eight months, although not con- tinuously for that length of time. He votes with the Democratic party, but takes no act- ive interest in the issues of that organization. fEROME B. HATCH, deceased, was born in Winfield, Herkimer county. New York, January 8, 1839, and was the fourth son of Jerome L. and Pamelia K. Hatch, the parents of eight sons and two daughters. At the early age of sixteen years Jerome with an elder brother came West, stopping at Beloit, Wisconsin. Afterward his parents removed to Illinois, and his home was with them for several years. He joined an Illinois regiment, and was in the Union army about two years. His father died at Decatur, Illinois, aged sixty- six years; his mother is still living, remarkably strong in body, with her mental faculties well pre- served; she is eighty- live years of age. In tlie year 1865, while living in Decatur, Illinois, Mr. Hatch was united in marriage to Miss Mary J. Alger of Mishawaka, In- diana. He tirst came to Texas in the year 1872, in the interests of the Champion Ma- chine Company of Springfield, Ohio. Com- ing as far as Viiieta, Indian Territory, by rail, then by stage to Denisou and Dallas, he traveled over a large portion of the State with horses and wagon or by the regular line of stage coaches running in those days. Two years later, in 1874, he commenced to work for D. M. Osborne & Co., of Auburn, New York, and remained in their employ until his death, managing their extensive business, covering the territory of Texas, Louisiana, Indian Territory and Mexico. Mr. Hatch was a man of push and energy, and soon built up a large and profitable business. He was interested in and ever reidy to lend a helping hand for the up-building and pros- perity of Dallas, his adopted home. By proper management and close attention to business he accumulated considerable prop- erty. Aside from his home his greatest delight was in visiting his extensive stock-farm in Denton county, where he was engaged in raising fine grades of live-stock, especially Holstein cattle. Early in January, 1890, his health be- gan failing. Soon after, with his devoted wife, he went to San Antonio, thence to Boerne, Texas, where he died very suddenly with hemorrhage of the lungs, March 24, 1890. His remains are buried in Trinity cemetery, this city. His widow, Mary J. and married son, Harry J., are now living at the old home at the corner of Ervay and Cadiz streets. EORGE W. LOOMIS, Dallas, was born in Norwich, Connecticut, in 1845, a son of George and Anna B. (Webb) Loom is, natives of New London county, Connecticut. The father was a farmer by occupation, and and remained in his native State until his death, which occurred in 1881; the mother died in New London county, in 1887. George W. was reared to farm life, and educated in the schools of Norwich, Connecticut. In 1861, he enlisted in Company F, Eighteenth HISTORY OF D.iLLAS COUNTY. 647 Connecticut Infantry, for three years or dur- ing the war. He was in the battle of Bull Kun, Winchester, Harper's Ferry, Piedmont, Cedar Hill, Fisher's Hill, Lynchburg and second battle of Winchester. Mr. Looniis was taken prisoner at the first battle of Win- chester, and was confined as a prisoner of war at Libby and Belle Island prisons for nearly eight months. After his release he joined his company, and served until the close of the war. He received a gun sliot wound at the battle of Piedmont and Winchester, and vras honorably discharged at Harper's Ferry, in June, 1865, and was mustered out of the State service at Hartford, Connecticut. The same year he came to Galveston, Texas, where he remained until coming to Dallas, in 1S74. He has made Loomis addition to the city, situated in the southern part, in addition to which he owns a good farm in Tarrant county, 4,000 acres in Van Zandt county, and land in Hamilton county. Mr. Loomis was married in New London county, in 1870, to Miss Madeline Austin, a native of New York, and daughter of Dr. Charles Austin, who died many years ago in Connecticut. Mrs. Loomis died in New York city, in 1884. Two children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Loomis, namely^Frank Wells and George Austin : the latter was ac- cidentally killed when two years of age. Mr. Loomis was again married in May, 1885, in Dallas, to Ada Nellie Stone, a native of Iowa, and daughter of John and Mary (Morley) Stone, natives of England. They emigrated to Iowa in an early day, in 1871 to Austin, Texas, and in 1873 to Dallas, where the father engaged in the agricultural firm of Stone & Keating. He was elected Mayor of the city of Dallas, but did not serve. His death oc- curred in February, 1890, and the mother still resides in this city. Mr. and Mrs. Loomis have had two children, — Edgar Webb and Richard Foster. Politically, Mr. Loomis afKliates with the Democratic party, and so- cially, he is a member of Dallas Lodge, No. 70, K. of P., and also of the Uniformed Rank, K. of P.; of Dallas Lodge, No. 44, L O. O. F.; of Ridgley Encampment, No. 25; and of George H. Thomas Post, No. 8. ,ENJAMIN F. COFFMAN. a rising young business man of Dallas, Texas, was born in Logan county, Kentucky, March 3, 1863, and is a son of W. A. and Agnes (Howard) Coffraan. The paternal an- cestors emigrated from Germany and settled in Virginia and Kentucky. The mother of our subject died in Tennessee, in 1878, but the father survives and resides in Tennessee. There were nine children in the family, three of whom are deceased. Four of the brothers came to Texas. Benjamin F. received his education in the school at Cove Spring, Ken- tucky, and at the age of seventeen years came to Texas. He settled in Dallas county and engaged in agriculture, which he pursued three years, coming at the end of that time to Dallas, to open a livery stable; for seven years he conducted this successfully, and then sold out to make another venture; this time it was in the real-estate business, in which he has been very fortunate. A large amount of property has passed through his hands, and he has succeeded in placing it all to advantage. The Coffraan addition is a valuable piece of city real estate, a large por- tion of which is still in the original owner's hands. Mr. Coflfman was married in Dallas, Au- gust 4, 1887, to Miss Alice Belle Goble, a native of Texas. They have had born to 648 EI STORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. them two sons, Frank and Lee. Our subject is a member of the Knights of Pythias, and the entire family belong to the Baptist Church. Politically, he atiiliates with the Democratic party; he was elected a member of the City Council, from the Seventh Ward, in May, 1890, although he had strong oppo- sition. He is a man who is entirely above the corruption of l)arty intrigue, and may be depended upon to exert his best efforts in behalf of the city's interests. jBSALOM S. HUMBARD, a farmer residing in Calhoun township, precinct No. 1, Dallas county, Texas, dates his birth in Greene county, Tennessee, in April, 1835. Henry Humbard, his father, was also a native of that State. His mother, nee Eliz- abeth Moleck, was born in Germany, and at an early age came to this country, settling in Tennessee. Henry Humbard passed his life as a skilled blacksmith. At the outbreak of the Seminole war he laid aside the hammer for the musket, and served under General Jackson during the whole period of hostili- ties. In 1846 he moved to Bradley county, Tennessee, where he died in 1860. Absalom S. moved from his native State to Jasper county, Missouri, in the fall of 1852, and engaged in farming there. He was married October 6, 1856, to Mary M. Cook, a native of Johnson county, Tennessee. She was the daughter of William and Rachel Cook, also natives of Johnson county. Mrs. Humbard's grandfather was Levi Heath. By the above marriage there were three children, nil of whom are now living within a mile of tiieir father's home, namely: Rachel Eliza- beth, wife of John R. Carroll, and has five children; Nancy Jane, wife of Abraham L. Phillips, has four children; and John W. G. L., aged fifteen years and at home. In 1859 and 1860 Mr. Humbard joined the Minnte-men in Jasper county, for protection against the Kansas Jayhawkers. His regiment selected Judge John R. Shi- nault as their colonel. When the Federal General Siegel invaded Missouri, Mr. Hum- bard joined the State six-months "Guards," under General Rains; and when the latter was about leaving the State and was at the State line, Mr. Humbard told him that if he intended to leave the State lie could do so, but as for him he would fight by his fireside. Returning to Spring river, he recruited and organized a squadron of thirty- five men and fought through that country until the following spring, when he and Major T. R. Livingston and Captains Rusk and Robertson consolidated their forces and placed Major Livingston in command. By the Federals this body of men was afterward called Liv- ingston's Bloody Spikes. In the spring of 1863 Livingston was killed in a charge upon the Federals at Stockton, Vernon county, Missouri. The command then selected Captain Pickler for their leader, but he, too, vpas soon afterward killed, in a hand-to-hand fight with a Federal soldier. Next they selected Captain Percy, and he continued to be their leader until they dis- banded at Fort Washita, near Bogy depot, Chickasaw nation. This command was first under General Claiborne Jackson, and after- ward under General Price. It was engaged in the battle of Pea Ridge, and many skirmishes, in what was known as guerrilla warfare. In the original muster roll there were 115 men, but at the close of the war only fifteen men were remaining, 100 having been killed ! Mr. Humbard, who had gen- erally been employed as the recruiting and HI8T0RY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 649 scouting officer, was wounded five times: once in the head by a pistol shot which frac- tured his skull, in a hand-to-hand conflict at Greenfield, Missouri; once through his right arm just below the elbow, breaking both bones; once through his hand; and twice he received slighter flesh wounds. Two horses were shot under him, and several shots passed through his clothing. He was taken prisoner on the State line between Missouri and the Indian nation, by Colonel Clayton, and was confined for six weeks in Springfield, Mis- souri — at first in the courthouse and after- ward in a prison camp — but, with others, he made his escape and reached the Confederate line. In the fall of 1863, when he was in Ar- kansas, Federals ordered all rebel families out of his neighborhood in Missouri. Receiving orders at one o'clock, he mounted his horse and found his family about twelve miles south of where he had left them. He took them to King's river, where sixteen families rendezvoused, of whom Captain Reek Johnson and sixteen picked men placed themselves in Mr. Humbard's charge, against his protest, and, pledged to him and to each other to obey, came 300 miles south through the enemy's lines without any loss, the heroic Mrs. Hiimbard driving the wagon most of the way, reaching Paris, Texas. Mr. Huin- bard kept two men in advance and two men iti the rear. They remained at Paris until January 1, 1864, at which time Dallas county was selected for a home. Leaving his family temporarily on the 1st of May, he returned to Bradley county, Missouri, where he joined his men again. After the war closed he returned to Dallas county, rented a farm of William Caruth, and carried on farming there for two years. He subsequently purchased the farm of 160 acres where he has since lived. With other lands he has managed to accumulate property suffi- cient to enable him to live at ease during his declining years; has led an industrious life and contributed means and influence to the best interests of the county, and is one of its most respected citizens. He is a member of the Farmers' Alliance, a Patron of Hus- bandry, and a Knight of Labor; in politics a Democrat, a reformer, believing in a govern- ment by the people and for the people; and in religion he is a Methodist. ^ ^ A. ROBINSON, a prominent real- estate dealer of Dallas, Texas, a man * of enterprise, of marked individuality and natural business ability, hails from one of the leading counties of the old Buckeye State. D. A. Robinson was born in Belmont county, Ohio, June 10, 1848, son of Thomas and Martha (Kerr) Robinson, natives of Ohio and Maryland respectively. Samuel Robinson, grandfather of D. A., went from Virginia to Ohio about 1810 and settled in Belmont county. He was a soldier in the war of 1812; was by occupation a farmer; died in 1855, aged eighty-two years. His wife was before her marriage a Miss Mary McConneil. lu her latter years she was blind, and it is recorded of her that during the four years of the Civil war her time was spent in knitting socks for the soldiers, in whom she took an active and sympathetic in- terest. Samuel and Mary Robinson were the parents of seven children, Thomas being the eldest. Only one of the family, David W., is now living, his home being on a farm in Pottawatomie county, Kansas. Thomas Robinson, also a farmer by occupation, died 650 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. of cholera in 1854, aged forty-two jears, and Martha Robinson, his widow, resides with her eldest son in Linn conntj, Missouri. They had six children, viz.: Saimiel M., a farmer of Linn county, Missouri, is married; George W., unmarried, a photographer, re- sides in Denver, Colorado; Rebecca J., widow of Joseph Boggs, resides with her children in Belmont county, Ohio; James W., married Sarah Doane and lives on a farm in Linn county, Missouri; D. A., whose name appears above; and Joseph C, who married Kate ]\[cAfee, is pastor of the Bresbyteriaii Church of White Bear Lake, Minnesota. The Rev. Mr. Robinson is a graduate of Princeton Theological Seminary, and High- land University of Kansas. The subject of this sketch received his educatioti in the public schools of his native county, and for two or three years was en- gaged in teaching school in Ohio, beginning when he was only sixteen years of age. He went from Ohio to Missouri, where he taught about three years. Then he read law at Brook- iield, Missouri, under Myers & Huston, and was admitted to the bar in 1872. He opened an office in Brookfield and was engaged in the practice of his profession there for a number of years. He came to Dallas county, Texas, in 1876, and was connected with the building and operating (as superintendent) of tiie Dallas & Wichita Railroad. He was Secretary and one of the charter members of the Texas Trunk Railroad Company. In 1879 he opened a real estate ofKce in Denton. He settled in Dallas again in 1888, and since that year has been engaged in his present business. While in Denton he was Mayor of the city two years, being elected in 1882. At Brookfield, Missouri, he was a Justice of the Peace when only twenty-one years of age. Mr. Robinson was married, in 1880, to Miss Sarah J. Trimble, daughter of John and Catherine Trimble, of Belmont county, Ohio. Her father, a respected farmer of that place, died in 1876. Her mother is still living in Belmont county, having reached her seventy -tburth year. Mrs. Robinson is one of a family of nine children, seven of whom are still living. Mr. Robinson takes an active interest in political matters, affiliating with the Repub- lican party. He was a delegate to the State convention tiiat met in Austin in April, 1880, and has been a delegate to every State Republican convention since that time. At the National Republican Convention in Chicago in 1880 he was one of the 306 dele- gates who votbd the thirty-six ballots for IT. S. Grant. Mr. Robinson is president of the State Republican League of Texas. fAMES H. BROWNLEE was born in Al)beville, South Carolina, June 1, 1842, a son of George Harvey and Malinda (Barinore) Brownlee, natives of South Caro- lina and of Scotch-Irish ancestry. The great- grandfather, George Brownlee, came from Ireland and settled in South Carolina. When the subject of our sketch was seven years old his parents moved to Alabama and settled on a farm. There he was reared and was quietly engaged in agricultural pursuits on the home place when the late war came on. He enlisted in Company H, Tenth Alabama Regiment, and served in Virginia under Gen- eral Robert E. Lee. In the seven days' battle, fought at Richmond, he was wounded in the right arm, and vras disabled for eight weeks, and at Spottsylvania Courthouse he received a wound through the body, which rendered him unfit for active duty. After the war he HISTORY OV DALLAS COUNTY. 651 returned to Alabama and remained there one year. October 24, 1865, Mr. Brownlee married Miss AUie Pyles, a native of Alabama and a daughter of Lewis and Melinda (131ackbnrn) Fyles, natives of South Carolina. October 10, 1866, he started for Texas, and arrived here January 7, 1867, after having been bed- ridden from the effects of his wound. Here he purchased 205 acres of wild land, which he improved, now having one of the finest farms in the county, having added to his first pur- chase 200 acres more. He gives his atten- tion to general farming and stock-raisins:, and in his various undertakings has met with eminent success. Seven children have been burn to Mr. and Mrs. Brownlee, four of whom are living, namely: Jessie, wife of M. F. Winter, of Dallas county; and Pearl, James and Ralph. He and his wife are members of the Baptist Church. Fraternally, he is an A. F. & A. M.; politically a Democrat. r?rW: ALTER R. STOVALL, a prominent - A/An physician and surgeon, has been ideu- C^^^\ tilled with the interests of Dallas county since February, 1882. Born in Carroll county, Mississippi, March 10, 1853, the Doctor is a son of David G. and Mary (McNeal) Stovall. His father was also a native of that county, born in 1821, son of John Stovall, who was probably of German origin, and who went fronj Georgia to Mis- sissippi at an early day. David G. Stovall was reared on a farm in Mississippi and was there married to Mary McNeal, a native of South Carolina. Her father died in Georgia while the family were en route from South Carolina to Mississippi when she was a child, and in the latter State she was reared. To her and her husband were born si.x children, five of whom are still living. In 1861, about the time the war begun, Mr. Stovall died, leaving his widow with a family of small children. Her property was soon afterward confiscated, but, notwithstanding her losses, she managed to rear her children and give them a good education. In February, 1882, she sold her property in Mississippi and came with her family to Dallas county, Texas, where she has since resided. The names of her six children are as follows: Walter R., the subject of this sketch; Eugenia, wife of S. H. Gran- them, of this county; Ella, wife of James Drew, of this county; D. J., a farmer, and also of this county, and Alta G. Eflie died in infancy. Mrs. Stovall is a member of the Baptist Church. Her husband was an hon- ored member of the A. F. & A. M. Dr. Stovall lived on a farm and taught school until he reached his majority. His edu- cation was obtained at the Winona College to of Mississipi. At the age of eighteen he began the study of medicine, reading the medical books he obtained from the physi- cians of his town. He took his first course of lectures in the winter of 1874 and '75, at the Atlanta Medical College, Georgia, and grad- uated in the winter of 1877 and '78 at the University of Louisiana, New Orleans, now known as the Tulane University. He began practice in the spring of 1875 at Sidon, Le Flore county, Mississippi, where he remained until the fall of 1876, after which he located in Montgomery county, what was formerly a part of Carroll, where he remained until he came to Texas. Here he first settled at Grand Frairie, continuing there until De- cember 3, 1890, when he came to West Dal- las. He has met with eminent success in the practice of his profession, and is recog- 652 HISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. nized as one of the most skillful physicians in this section of the country. He was married December 16, 1890, to Miss Mattie A. Watson, a native of Tarrant county, Texas, and a daughter of Alfred Wat- son, a jjrominent pioneer of this State, who came here from Winchester, North Carolina. The Doctor is a member of the Baptist and his wife of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. Fraternally, he is associated with the A. F. &, A. M., Mountain Creek Lodge, No. 511, and has filled the chairs of Senior Warden and Master Deacon. -»fe ^^^^ AMUEL C. PHELPS, Je., was born in Licking county, Ohio, November 21, 1822, and raised on a farm where dai- rying was a specialty. March 4, 1849, he married Miss Sybil I3aker, a daughter of Ar- temas and Hettie Baker. She was born in 1822, was a lady of education and refinement, and taught school for a number of years. They moved to Texas in 1851, landing in this neighborhood about the 20th of October. He dealt in cattle and made cheese for a year or two, then bought this land, 320 acres, on which he died. When he made the purchase he paid for it and got a clear title; the pay- ment left him without a team and almost penniless. He went to work full of hope, and with industry and economy soon became independent. By his continued industry he kept adding to his property until he died. He enjoyed life and took pride in making others who came about him enjoy themselves. He lived all his life free of debt and owed no man, when he came to die, anything but good will. To him and his good wife were born three children: Artenias, Elizabeth E. and Samuel 0. Artemas was born in Licking county, Ohio, January 2, 1850, and is now living with his stepmother on the old homestead. His health has never been good, and has been declining for the past few years. Elizabeth was born in Dallas county, Texas, October 29, 1851, is now a stout, healthy woman, tlie mother of ten children. She is the wife of W. 8. Lewis, a prosperous farmer and stock- raiser of Tarrant county. Samuel C. was born here on the old homestead, on Septem- ber 10, 1854; was raised on the old farm, a farmer; is now married, has one child and is now with his family living in Greer county, Texas. He is a stout, healthy man, and a dealer in general merchandise. Mrs. Phel])s, the mother of Artemas, Elizabeth and Sam- uel C, was a refined, educated woman, and taught school for some years before she was united with Mr. Phelps in marriage. She lived and died an honored member of the Christian Church. Her death occurred in March, 1859. Mr. Plielps, for a second wife, married Jane Christian, the widow of T. J. Christian and daughter of L W. and Amy Tuttle. Mrs. Christian, when she married Mr. Phelps, was the mother of one daughter, who was bora August 24, 1853, in Harrison county, Texas; she is now the wife of Thomas J. Parks, who is a prosperous farmer in this county, owning 300 acres of land. She is the mother of six children. T. J. Christian, the first husband of Mrs. l^helps, died in Grimes county, Texas, October 7, 1858, of pneuinonia. Mr. Phelps and Jane Christian were married February 27. 1860, and they had two children: Alice, born February 6, 1861, on the old homestead, is now the wife of Tell Perry, of Greer county, Texas. Her husband is a farmer and dealer in general merchandise. Alice re- ceived a good common-school education, then HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. 653 attended a State normal school, after whieli she taught school for some years before she was married. Nancy, the second daughter, was born January 3, 1863, on the old home- stead, and died January 1, 1865. Mr. Phelps was married to his second wife, Jane, on the eve of the great trouble between the States. His sympathies were with the Union cause. Under force of circumstances he went into a company of home guards, marched to Bonham and was there, with other Union sympathizers, detailed to go home and thrash grain for the people, in which capacity he remained during the war. He never was treated badly by the Confed- erate element of the country. At the close of the war he served as County Commissioner, under appointment. From that time to the day of his death he was among the foremost in all the labor aud po- litical reforms. He depended on his good actions toward his fellow men for his happi- ness, both here and hereafter. He lived and died without enemies, because he took pains not to interfere with other people's business. Samuel C. Phelps died February 25, 1891. D. WYLIE, one of the most promi- nent citizens of northern Texas, ' ® was born in Coshocton, Ohio, in 1838, but passed his early youth in Pennsyl- vania, and West Virginia. His grandfather, Rev. William Wylie, D. D., was for forty years pastor of the First Presbyterian Church in Wheeling, West Virginia, and finally died there in that city, aged ninety years. His father, Rev. Joseph S. Wylie, was born in Wheeling, and educated at Washington Col- lege, Pennsylvania, and Princeton College, New Jersey. Other eminent members of 43 the family were: Samuel B. Wylie, who was president of the Pennsylvania University, and Rev. Dr. Andrew Wylie, president of Washington College, Pennsylvania, and later, of the Indiana State University at Blooming- ton; J. S. Wylie, his only brother, who is president of the Iowa Northern Railroad Company and of the Northwestern Coal Dealers' Association at Davenport, Iowa. His only sister, Mrs. E. W. Cushing, resides in Atlantic, Iowa. Other ancestors and rela- tives also have been prominent in the educa- tional or business world. His mother, whose maiden name was Miss Hester Moore, was a daughter of David Moore, one of the early pioneers of Ohio, who inaugurated iron manu- facturing in that State, and who built the fur- nace known as the Mary Ann furnace in Lick- ingcounty,Ohio; was born atNewark, Licking county, Ohio, of a family of long American ancestry, someof whom have been in Govern- ment employ for half a century. She died in Atlantic, Iowa, in 1889, aged eighty-six years. Mr. Wylie, studious in his younger days, enjoyed a term at Jefferson College, Can- noiisburg, Pennsylvania. In 1852 he went to Iowa, with his guardian, S. C. Bever, president of the First National Bank of Ce- dar Rapids, that State. In 1858, he was clerk of the United States District Court, under Buchanan, when Judge Love was pre- siding in the western district of Iowa, at Des Moines. In the meantime Mr. Wylie was studying law, and in 1860 he was ad- mitted to the bar. At the first note of war he joined the Capi- tal Guards at Des Moines, and afterward the Second Iowa Infantry, under Captain Crocker and afterward Colonel Curtis, from Keokuk, Iowa. Though a boy, he took an active part in the election when Douglas was a can? 654 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. didate for President of the United States in 1860, and he has ever since been an ardent and constant Democrat. While in the service he was appointed as guard of the Hannibal & St. Joseph railroad; then he was ordered to Louis, Missouri, as Hospital Steward at the Fifth Street Hospital; shortly afterward he was detailed to take charge of the hospital on the steamer Warsaw and proceeded with the steamer to Bird's Point. He was with the regiment at Shiloh, taking part in the battle at that place, and was seriously wounded twice. Though not fit for service, he was appointed Hospital Steward in the United States army, and ordered back to Ben- ton Barracks, where he took charcre of all the hospitals, with Colonel B. L. Bonneville in command. While on duty he met and made the acquaintance of Miss. Emma Wilmans, and on September 26, 1862, in St. Louis, they were married. Miss Wilmans was the daughter of Caleb Wilmans, of Fairfield Illi- nois, one of the early pioneers and manufact- urers of that State; her mother was a Miss Ridgway of Philadelphia, and cousin of Hon. Thomas Ridg%vay of Illinois. While in charge of the hospital he was presented with a beautiful sword, which, however, during the excitement and confusion of war was lost, and was not found for twenty-five years, when it came to hand tliroucr;h the instru- mentality of Captain Brown, an old friend. His sister, having obtained a clue to its whereabouts, sent to her brother in Texas, George Brown of the Texas Pacific Railroad at Fort Worth, who returned it to the owner. It is a priceless heirloom. From Benton Barracks Mr. Wylie went to Memphis, Tennessee, but the old wound was so painful that he resigned and entered the grocery business there. Soon, how- ever, a call came from the Government for reinforcements; and he was appointed Lieu- tenant Colonel of the Second Regiment of Militia for the protection of the city of Memphis. After a short residence there he went to the mouth of White river and in connection with Dr. Wilmans opened a plant- ation, and also established a wood-yard to supply United Stat:s boats. General Rey- nolds with a force occupied the premises and destroyed both wood-yard and plantation. He then moved to Shreveport, Louisiana, where he was Justice of the Peace and Police Magistrate, and two years acting Mayor, and also took a leading part in the affairs of State. He was appointed by the Shreveport Board of Trade, and city of Shreveport, to represent that city at Washington to obtain Federal aid in improving Red river, and especially to remove that fatal obstruction to navigation, the great " Raft." For this purpose he spent years in Wasiiington, finally succeeding. It is therefore due to his tact and skill that that river was opened to navigation and com- merce. The ten years while he was in Wash- ington were especially fruitful of legislation in the interests of the South, in all of which he aided. He was instrumental in orwanizina: the Shreveport & Southwest Railroad Com- pany, of which he was secretary. After get- ting its construction under full headway he sold it to the Houston & Texas Central Rail- road Company. In 1880 he returned to Washington, and in his room there the Chicago, Texas & Mex- ican Central Railroad Company was organ- ized, and he came to Dallas to help build it, after successfully inaugurating its construc- tion, when the road was purchased by the Gulf, Colorado & Santa Fe Railway Com- pany. Then he returned his attention to real estate; but the Santa Fe railroad system soon claimed his services, and he was em- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 655 ployed in tbat enterprise two years. Then lie was manager of the right of way for the Cot- ton Belt. Next, with a number of Dallas capitalists, he built the West Dallas railroad, having previously, in connection with his as- sociates, made large purchases of real estate along its line. Thus it may be briefly seen how active and efficient he has been in some of the promi- nent enterprises inaugurated for the develop- ment of the New South, and he has been likewise active, from the very close of the war, in movements for the reconciliation of the North and South, beginning in this noble work long before the voice of the eloquent and immortal Grady of Atlanta was heard for national amity. He was Sergeantat- Arms for the Senate Committee to investigate the negro e.xodus, and his voice and pen were busy in bringing to light the truth. In 1885 he organized the Department of Texas of the Grand Army of the Republic, and was its first Commander. Although he is fearless in the advocacy of his principles, the veterans of the Southern army hold him in grateful and honored respect for his eiforts in bridging over the •' bloody chasm." As an orator he is eloquent and forciable, having great magnetism to draw his hearers quickly into sympathy with him. His language is clear, diction faultless, and his services are in constant demand for all public occasions. He is loyal in his friendships, steadfast in his devotion to his convictions, unflinching in his personal integrity, and is a type of perfect manhood. He has a charming home at Oak Cliff, where he freely and unostentatiously dispenses hospitality. He has a happy family. His children are named: William D., Jr., Harry W., Robert Augustus, Joseph W., Emma, now the widow of J. M. Ballard of Dallas Texas, with two children, — Emma and John M., Jr.; and Nellie, now the wife of Thomas S. Holden, who is one of the firm of the Schnider & Davis, wholesale grocery com- pany, of Dallas, Texas. The eldest son, W. D. Wylie, Jr., is at present assistant ticket agent of the Gulf, Colorado & Santa Fe Rail- way Company at Dallas; the second son, Harry, is in the printing business at Dallas, Texas; Joe, the third son, is now the private secretary of the Texas car exhibit under the management of JM^ajor W. B. Slosson: they have two cars with their exhibit traveling over the Unite! States, showing the vast re- sources of the State of Texas. Recently Mr. Wylie has been appointed Land and Tax Commissioner of the St. Louis Southwest- ern Railway Company (the Cotton Belt). ^^lUILLIAM B. GRIBBLE is a son of ^-Wiwfl Joseph Gribble, who was born in l-<2^4 England in 1817. Coming from England to America in 1859, his father lo- cated in Cooper county, Missouri, where he remained two years, and from there went to Moniteau county, same State. In 1881 he moved to Texas, and here died in 1883. He was engaged in the insurance business after the war till coming to Texas, prior to which time he was engaged in speculating in live stock, having been successful in all his various undertakings. He was liberal almost to a fault. Socially, he was a member of the Masonic order; politically, a Democrat; re- ligiously, a member of the Methodist Episco- pal Church South. He was a liberal sup- porter of the church and a prominent and active member. At the time of his death he was a contractor on the construction of the Kansas City, Fort Scott & Memphis railroad. In 1844 Joseph Gribble married Miss Eliza- 656 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. beth Curtis, who was born in England in 1816. She, too, was a member of the Meth- odist Episcopal Church South. She was a very unpretentious woman, but was always to be relied upon in times of need or distress. She and her husband were the parents of seven children, of whom only the subject of this sketch reached adult age. The mother died about three months after the father, apparently of a broken heart. William B. Gribble was born in Devon- shire, England. In 1848 he went to Cardiff, Wales, where he remained until 1859, when the family came to America. He remained with his parents until he was twenty-four years of age, but engaged in the furniture and lumber business at the age of twenty- one, in Moniteau county, Missouri. At the age of twenty-four he left the parental roof, went to Indian Territory, and for two years and a half was engaged in farming there. He then moved to Dallas county, Texas, set- tled about four miles south of Wheatland, remained at that place three years, thence to a point about two miles south of Wheatland, and from there, in 1883, to Wheatland. At the latter place he engaged in the general merchandise business. Notwithstandinof he o has met with heavy loss by fire since locating here, he has again established himself in business and now has a thriving trade. In 1871 Mr. Gribble was married to Miss Nancy M. Spence, daughter of Elijah and Nancy M. Spence, and their union has been blessed with four children : Samuel J., Charles M., Fannie L., deceased, and George L. Mr. Gribble is in comfortable circum- stances. He has not made it the goal of his ambition to accumulate a fortune, but rather to do right; consequently, he has the unlim- ited respect of the entire neighborhood. Both he and his wife are members of the Method- ist Episcopal Church South. He is a Stew- ard and Trustee of the church and secretary of the Sabbath-school. For a number of years he has been a member of the Masonic fraternity, and is now Postmaster. EOF. JAMES REID COLE, A. M , has W a national celebrity as a teacher, for, be- ^^ sides being a scholar in every sense of the term, he is also a fine disciplinarian, and the institutions of which lie has had the inanage- ment have been models in their way. He was born in North Carolina, in November, 1839, son of William Carter Cole, a native Virginian, who became a resident of the Old North State, where lie was called from life. He was a soldier in the war of 1812, but after the war he was a planter, a magistrate and a minister of the gospel, and was very earnest in his laliors for the good of humanitv. His second wife was a Miss Murphy, of Vir- ginia, in which State she breathed her last. He was of English descent, his ancestors coming to Virginia about 1660. The subject of this sketch was the youngest of his par- ents' children, and attained to man's estate in North Carolina, his education being obtained in private schools and the Caldwell Institute, then under Prof. Holbrook, of Harvard Col- lege. He entered Trinity College of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, in which institution he remained four years, taking the degree of A. B. In 1866 he took the degree of A. M. After his graduation in 1861 he joined a military company as a private, but afterward became a member of the Second North Caro- lina Cavalry, was transferred to different com- mands, being promoted until he reached the rank of Colonel, for meritorious service. A HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. 657 brother, wlio held the rank of Colonel, was killed while in the service. After the close of the war Prof. Cole returned to Greensboro, North Carolina, his home, where he taught school for one year. In 1866 he came to Texas as professor of ancient languages in McKenzie College in Red River county, which was under the auspices of the Methodist Epis- copal Church South. In 1867 he went to Grayson county and took charge of an insti- tute there. In 1869 he was elected to the State Legislature and served four sessions, being on the Committee of Education and giving his attention especially to the educa- tional interests of the State. In 1873 he was elected to serve as Clerk of the Senate, and at the Democratic State Convention of that year a majority of the delegates offered to nominate him as Superintendent of Public Instruction, but he declined. In 1876 Prof. Cole was elected president of the North Texas Female College, the management of which institution was in his hands until 1878, after which he was elected professor of English language, literature and history in the A. & M. College, at Bryan, Texas, and there remained until 1885. He next became Superintendent of tlie Public Schools of Abi- lene Texas, which he organized and of which he had control for four years, during which time they were greatly improved in many ways. In 1889 he came to Dallas, Texas, and establislied the well known educational institution known as Cole's Select School, which is admirably conducted and which is justly acknowledged to be one of the leading schools of the State. The Professor's success as an educator has been marked, and he com- mands not only the respect but the affection of his pupils. He was married in 1868, on the 5th of May, to Miss Mary P. King, a native of Ten- nessee and a daughter of Dr. King, whose father was one of the pioneers of that State. Her father came to Texas in 1852, and still resides on the property on which he first set- tled in Grayson county. To the professor and his wife nine children have been born. The two eldest daughters received their edu- cation at home, under their father and the best private teachers that could be procured, the one excelling in music, the other in art. Prof. Cole is a member of the Knights of Pythias, a Royal Arch Mason, and has long been a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. He has always supported the men and measures of the Democratic party, and his reasons for his convictions, both po- litical and otherwise, are always clear and well defined. He is probably as line an ex- ample of the perfect teacher as there is in the South, and his reputation as an able in- structor is well established. OLOMON BRUNDAGE.— On his farm of 240 acres, lying south of the city of Dallas fifteen miles and two miles west from Lancaster, can be found the subject of this sketch, one of the prosperous and repre- sentative citizens of Dallas county. Solomon Brundage was born in Sangamon county, Illinois, A])ril 5, 1826, son of Daniel and Mary (Kendall) Brundage, natives of Gallatin county, Kentucky. His parents lived in Kentucky until four or five years after their marriage, when they moved to Illinois and took up a Government claim in Sangamon county. At that time there was only one log cabin where the city of Spring- field now stands. Mr. Jjrundaae at once set about improving his land, and remained there until 1856, when he sold out his possessions 658. EISTOBT OF DALLAS COUNT T. and started overland for Texas. November 15, 1856, be landed in Lancaster, this county. He bought a farm west of Lancaster four miles, and there spent the residue of his days and died. He was a farmer, from his boy- hood all through life, and his education was such as the common schools of Kentucky aiforded then. He was the father of eight children that lived to be grown and married: William H., J. A., Solomon, John C, Daniel H., Albert, Susan E., Annie E. and Minnie. Of these, four sons and one daughter still sui-vive: James A. resides in Excelsior Springs, Missouri; John C, Dallas county, Texas; Daniel H., Sangamon county, Illi- nois; Susan E., wife of Lelian Moore, Se- daiia, Missouri. Solomon lived on the farm with his father until he reached his twenty- third year. He was then married, December 12, 1848, to Julia Cam bell, daughter of Thomas and Eliz- abeth (Robertson) Cambell, who went from Kentucky to Illinois. After his marriage he bought a farm and began working for himself. In 1856 he sold ojit his possessions and came with his father to Texas. He first bought land three miles west of where he now lives, which he at once set about improving. His war recoi'd is an honorable one. Dur- ing the trouble with Mexico, when he was only twenty years of age, he enlisted in the Fourth Illinois Regiment, under Colonel Baker, and was in the service twelve months. He was among the first that were called out as twelve months' volunteers. Having served his time, he was honorably discharged and returned to his home in Illinois. When the Civil war came on he enlisted, in 1862, in Warren B. Stone's regiment, but he was afterward commanded by Colonel Isham Chisam. He served three years, during which time he participated in several im- portant engagements, being with the forces that operated west of the Mississippi river. After the general surrender in 1865 he re- turned to his home. His career, in some re- spects, has been a remarkable one. Although he has served through two wars he was never sick a day, never wounded and never lost a day from service. In August, 1863, while Mr. Brundage was in the Confederate lines, his wife died. In 1864, he was united in marriage with Miss Martha J. Barrow, a native of Wisconsin and a daughter of David and Julia Barrow. He has never been blessed with children. Mr. Brundage is a member of the Meth- odist Episcopal Church South. His political views have ever been in harmony with Dem- ocratic principles. ROBERT A. BLAIR, D. D. S., of Dallas, S Texas, who has proven quite an acqui- sition to the dental profession, is worthy of a space in the annals of his adopted home. He was born in the State of Alabama in 1865, and is a son of Thomas H. and Mary J. (Colvinj Blair, natives of South Carolina and Alabama respectively. The father was a mer- chant and planter, and died at the acre of fifty years. His wife passed away one year before his death. They reared six children, of whom the Doctor is the fifth-born and only son. He received his elementary educa- tion in the private schools, and at the age of fourteen years he entered the University of Alabama, and was graduated at the age of eighteen years, the youngest member of his class. At the age of nineteen years he came to Terrell, Texas, and helped to make the first brick that was used in the construction of the asylum at that place. He then turned HISTOEV OF DALLAS COUNT F. 659 to agricultural pursuits, but soon came to Dallas and began the study of dentistry. To complete his work he entered the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, and was gradu- ated in the class of 1888, taking his degree of D. D. S. with high honors. He then re- turned to Dallas and practiced with his pre- ceptor for one year and a half, in February, 1889, he opened an ofHce of liis own in the North Texas National Bank building, which he fitted up in the most approved style, both from a professional and artistic view. He has met with remarkable success. By giving to each patron his best effort he has inspired a conlidence that has already brought its re- ward by a constantly increasing patronage. Dr. Blair is a member of the I. O. O. F., and of the Uniformed Rank of K. of P. He has a frank, generous nature, and is a fine example of the generation which has sprung into existence since the war. ^ S. RICKETTS, one of the enter- prising citizens of Dallas county, was born in Warren county, Ken- tucky, near Bowling Green, a son of Zede- kiah and Margaret (Dews) Ricketts, natives of Maryland and Virginia, respectively. W. S., the fourth of eight children, was born November 19, 1824, and April 6, 1847, he landed in Dallas county, with his father's family. He remained on their farm, seven miles south of Dallas three years, after which he went to California, where he was quite successful as a miner. He returned to Texas in 1853, and invested his accumulations in stock and lands, on which he has since re- sided, devoting his time principally to stock- raising. He has added to his land from time to time, until he now owns 700 acres, 150 of which is under a fine state of cultivation. During the war Mr. Ricketts supplied the beef for the Confederate army, in which ca- pacity he served two years and six months. Shortly after his return from California he married Miss Sarah A. Wampler, a daughter of Thomas J. and Nancy (Ray) Wampler, natives of Pennsylvania, who came to Texas in 1848. Mr. and Mrs. Ricketts are the parents of nine children, seven of whom are still living, viz. : James M., Luther W., Martha E. (deceased), Nancy J. (deceased), Mary, William A., Ruth A., Thomas Z. and David S. Having had the misfortune to lose his first wife by death, Mr. Ricketts was mar- ried the second time, July 19, 1880, to Mrs. Mary E. Baggett, a daughter of E. Bryson, of Ellis county, Texas, and they have two sons, Jefi"erson S. and Lonzo B. Mr. Ricketts is a member of the Christian Church, and is an ordained minister of that church. He has lost his second wife; has two sons and one daughteir living at Clayton, New Mexico; the other members of the family are living in Dallas and Ellis counties, Texas. fAMES RUSSELL, Lisbon, Texas, has been a resident of Dallas county since 1880, and is thoroughly identified with its best interests. A brief biography of him is herewith given. James Russell was born in 131ount county, Tennessee, March 22, 1822, a son of Heze- kiah and Margaret (Gouger) Russell. His father was born in Carter county, Tennessee, d. son of Mr. William Russell, the former a native of England and the latter of Scotland. William Russell came to America with his parents when he was a boy, and pre- vious to the Revolutionary war, their family coo HISrOSY OF DALLAS COUNTY. being among the pioneers of Carter county, Tennessee. The mother of our subject was a native of JMorth Carolina. She was married to Mr. Russell in JMorth Carolina, and soon afterward they settled in Tennessee. In 1830 they removed to Morgan county, Illinois, where they resided until death. They reared a family of eleven children, five of whom are still living, James being the seventh-born. He received his education in the subscrip- tion schools, held in the primitive log school houses, attending about three months each year, and remained with his parents until he was twenty-four years old. January 4, 1849, Mr. Russell wedded Miss Elizabeth Fridmoore, a native of Virginia, born in Grayson. She is a daughter of Thomas Laudreth and Martha (Burton) Pridmoore, members of old Virginia fami- lies and of English and Welsh descent. They moved from Virginia to Indiana, and subse- quently to Illinois. After his marriage, the subject of our sketch located on a farm in Clay county, Illinois, where he resided seven years. He then returned to Morgan county, Illinois, and continued farming operations at that place until 1865; thence to Buchanan county, Missouri, where he farmed for two years; returned to Illinois and spent the win- ter, returning the following April to Mis- souri and locating in Knox county; two years later moved to Barry county, same State; in 1877 came to Texas, spent one year in Dallas and one year in Grayson county; re- turned to Barry county, Missouri, and two years later came again to Dallas county, and here he has since resided. He purchased 400 acres of improved land in precinct No. 5, on which he is engaged in agricultural pursuits. Mr. and Mrs. Russell have had seven chil- dren, Hve of whom survive, namely: Eliza- beth, wife of John Howard, is deceased; Margaret, wife of Jacob Long, is deceased; Uezekiah, Nathaniel, of Montague county, Texas; James B. and Thomas P., both of Dallas county: and Susan E., wife of David H. Long, of the State of Washington. Mrs. Russell is a member of the Christian Church. Politically, Mr. Russell is a Democrat. During the Mexican war he served one year under General Wool, and participated in the battle of Buena Vista. Reared to habits of industry, and possessing keen foresight and good judgment, he has prospered in a finan- cial way. Besides his home farm he owns 640 acres of land in Presidio county and 320 acres in Polk county, Texas. ||SAAC CARTER, one of the early settlers |r| of Dallas county, was born in Surry ^ county. North Carolina, in 1813, a son of John and Nancy (Williams) Carter, also natives of North Carolina. The parents both died in their native State, the father about 1846, and the mother a few years after- ward. Isaac was reared on a farm in North Carolina until twenty-three years of age, when he went to Jackson county, Missouri, and engaged in the milling business. In 1848 he removed to Cass county, same State, and followed farming until coming to Dallas, Texas, in 1851. Mr. Carter first set- tled near Cedar springs, where he bought a partly improved farm, and he made his home there until 1888, and in that year he moved to the city of Dallas. During the late war he was in McKinzie's company. Smith's regiment, and served in Texas about eigh- teen months. Mr. Carter was inarrieil in Cass county, Missouri, in 1843, to Jane Preston, a native of Tennessee, and a daughter of George and HI8T0RY OF DALLAS COUNT Y. 661 Anna (Roddy) Preston, also natives of Ten- nessee. At an early day the parents moved to Cass county, Missouri. They died in Texas many years ago. Mr. Carter lost his excellent wife by death in Dallas county, in 1874. Politically he is identified with the Democratic party. fC. WOODSIDE, a contractor and builder, residing at 165 State street, * Dallas, came here in 1871, since which time, with the exception soon to be named, he has followed the business mentioned, resi- dences being his speciality. He is now erecting the Thomas block and a Presbyte- rian church, and a residence at Oak Cliff, a brick residence in East Dallas, and also the Bentley building. In 1876 he moved to Gainesville and engaged in general merchan- dising. JSext he moved to Abilene, Texas, where he owned a brickyard, and under con- tract erected some important buildings there. In 1886 he returned to Dallas. He was born in Rowan county. North Carolina, in 1844, the youngest of the eight children of McDowell and Cornelia (Curry) Woodside, natives of North Carolina. Her father, a blacksmith and planter, died in August, 1844, in his native State, and her mother died in 1849. The grandfather, Archibald Woodside, a native of Scotland, was in the command of General Washington during the Revolutionary war. Mr. Woodside, our subject, was left an orphan in his boyhood, and was reared to farm life. In 1861 he enlisted in Company D, Thirth-fourth North Carolina Infantry, was mustered into service at High Point, and engaged in the Seven Days' battles before Richmond, in the Peninsular cam- paign, the battle of Chancellorsvilie, of Antie- tam and Gettysburg, and the second battle at Mannassas. After the close of the great struggle he returned to his native State. A year afterward he went to Knoxville, Tennes- see, where he followed his trade as journey- man carpenter until he came to Dallas. Here he has taken great local interest. Politically he is a Democrat, and socially he is a member of Dallas Lodge, No. 44, I. O. O. F., and of Amity Lodge, No. 108, K. of P. Both himself and wife are members of the Presbyterian Church. He was married in Gainesville, Texas, in 1876. to Lucy E. Ritchey, a native of Red River county, Texas, and a daughter of James and Louis (Smith) Ritchey. Her father was a native of Kentucky, and her mother of Tennessee. Her father was a sol- dier an the Mexican war, having come here in 1836. Later he moved to Cook county. His death occurred in 1877, and his wife died in 1887. Mr. and Mrs. Woodside have one child, James Archibald. W. RUSSEY, a brick manufacturer of Dallas since 1873, employs now ^S^^?^* about sixty men and runs his works to their full capacity (100,000 daily) about nine months in the year. He was born at Winchester, Franklin county, Tennessee, in 1851, the sixth of the ten children of B. F. and E. P. (Embrey) Russey. His father, a speculator and planter, was a native of Virginia, who came to Dallas in 1873 and resided here until his death, at Richardson, Texas, in 1888, at the age of eighty-two years. The mother, a native of Tennessee, died in that State, at the age of sixty-two years. Mr. Russey was reared in 662 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. his native town, and commenced as a fireman on the Nashville & St. Louis railroad; and afterward operated in that capacity on the Cliattauooga & Nashville railroad; and he worked his way up to the position of en- gineer, which place he held five years alto- gether. Then he followed farming near Mineral Springs; next was at Texarkana, Arkansas, and then followed farming at Ful- ton, same State, then cattle dealing in Indian Territory, along the Missouri, Kansas & Texas railroad as that road was completed from point to point; and finally, in 1873, he came to Dallas. Here he has furnished the brick for many important buildings, both for business and residence. He is a Democrat on national questions, but takes no active part in the party's councils. He and his wife are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. He was married in Dallas, in 1878, to Ori A. White, a native of Jackson, Ten- nessee, and a daughter of A. J. and Emily (Jennings) White, natives of Tennessee who came to Dallas in 1873, and both dead. Mr. and Mrs. Eussey have had five children, namely: Oscar, who died in 1880; Katy Bell; Claude W.; Clifford C, and Merrill Wesley. BROWNLEE, contractor and builder of Dallas, arrived here May 24, 1874, ^* engaging at once in his present trade. He has erected all the railroad buildings on the Texas Pacific railroad, and most of those at Fort Worth, at one time his jobs being 1,300 miles apart, from El Paso to Laredo. He has also built many of the residences of the city, also the Windsor Hotel, opera house and county jail at Dallas, did the stone work on the postoflice and many other buildings. In 1888 he engaged in raising light-barness or trotting horses. He owns a good farm of 846 acres adjoining the city of Dallas. He is secretary and treasurer of the Texas Trotting and Horse Breeders' Associ- ation, being one of the charter members of that organization. He was born in Iowa Territory, in 1845, the second in the family of James and Levina (Ferrell) Brownlee. His father was a native of Indiana, and his mother of Ohio. His father, a carpenter, emigrated from Ohio to Iowa, in 1844, settling in Lee county; moved to Keokuk in 1847, and engaged at his trade. In 1872 he moved to Ringgold county, that State, where his death occurred, in 1888. The mother is still living, in that county. Mr. Brownlee was reared to manhood in Keokuk. In 1863 he enlisted in Company B, Third Iowa Cavalry, was in service three years, till the war closed, and was honorably discharged and mustered oat at Atlanta, Georgia. Returning to Keokuk, he learned the trade of carpenter. From there he went to Quincy, Illinois, Council Blufl"s, Iowa, and to Marshall, Texas, in 1872, and finally came to Dallas, in 1874. He is a Republican, and a member of George H. Thomas Post, G. A. R., of Dallas, Lodge No. 70, K. of P., and Dallas Lodge, No. 71, B. P. O. E. (Elks), of Trinity Lodge, No. 198, I. O. O. F., and of Ridgeley Encampament, No. 25. December 31, 1867, in Keokuk, he mar- ried Margaret A. Van Dyke, a native of Holland and a daughter of William and Al- leta (Brewer) Van Dyke, natives of Holland who emigrated to New York, moved to Chi- cago and finally to Iowa, where they both died. Mr. and Mrs. Brownlee have two chil- dren: Harry F., born on Christmas, 1870, at (jouncil Bluffs, Iowa; and Frank H., Octo- HISTOEV OF DALLAS COUNTY. 663 ber 11, 1874, at Dallas, Texas. Mr. Brown- lee is also the patentee of Erownlee's im- proved garbage furnace, for burning all kinds of niiscellaneous garbage and city refuse. -»fe ^R. W. H. SUTTON, one of the early practitioners of Dallas, was born in Scott county, Kentucky, in 1841, a son of Dr. W. L. and Nancy (Cooper) Sut- ton, also natives of Fayette county, the father born in 1797, and the mother in 1807. The former was a graduate of the University of Maryland in 1818, was a prominent physi- cian of Georgetown, was the first president of the State Medical Society, a vice-president of the American Medical Association, and his death occurred in 1862, at the age of sixty- five years; the mother died in 1842. The subject of this sketch was reared in his native State, and is a graduate of George- town College. In 1860, after leaving college, he entered the medical college at Louisville, Kentucky, graduating with the class of 1862, and he immediately began the practice of medicine. Dr. Sutton left Louisville for Dallas, Texas, coming by railroad to St. Louis, thence to Gibson, Indian Territory, then by stage to Sherman, next by wagon to Dallas, arriving December 1, 1871. He formed a partnership with Dr. J. W. Crowdiis, which continued until 1874: since that time the Doctor has practiced alone. Dr. Sutton was married in Louisville, Kentucky, in 1862, to Mary Moore, native of that city, and a daughter of Henry and Euphemia Moore, natives of England and New York respectively. The father came to Tennessee at an early date, thence to Louis- ville, where he was a ])rofessor in the high school, and his death occurred in that city in 1880; the mother died about 1868. Mrs. Sutton died in 1876, leaving one child, Henry Moore, who is with the firm of Sutton & Steele, machinists and electricians. The Doctor was again married, in Tarrant county, Texas, in 1877, to Miss Rebecca J. Leeson, a native of Indiana, and a daughter of C. A. and Susan (Henwod) Leeson, natives of Vir- ginia, and both reside in Tarrant county. Dr. and Mrs. Sutton have have had six chil- dren, five now living: Willie, Mary, Row- ena, Alexander Garrett and Vienna. Poli- tically, the Doctor is a Democrat, socially, a member of Cceur De Lion Lodge, No. 8, K. of P., and Dallas County Medical Society; and religiously, both he and his wife are members of the Episcopal Church. HARLES W. McKINNEY.— In the year 1859, when the subject of this no- tice came to Dallas, the present city was a mere hamlet, and the surrounding country was in a wild, uncultivated state, and the inhabitants were few and far between. Mr. McKinney was born in the State of Texas in 1853, and is the youngest of a family of five children of James and Frances E. (Du- laney) McKinney. The father was a native of Alabama, but was reared in Greene county, Illinois. He was married in Virginia in 1834 and in 1844 he removed to Jefferson, Texas. He participated in the Black Hawk war and also in the Mexican war. In 1848 he removed from the place he had first occupied to the eastern part of the State, and in 1859 came to Dallas county. He afterward located land in Denton county, and in 1868 went to Mc- Kinney, Collin county, where his death oc- curred, in 1875; his wife died in the same 664 HI8T0RT OF DALLAS COUNT Y. place, December 1, 1879. He was an advo- cate of the pridciples of the Democratic party, and was a member of the Christian Church The paternal grandfather of onr subject was John A. McKinney, a native of the State of Kentucky. He came to Texas in 1832, and before his death lived under four different governments in this locality. He died in Dangerfield, Texas, in 1857. Charles W. McKinney received the greater part of his education at home, under his mother's instruction, ten months being the entire time spent in a regular school. His first business venture was in the man- agement of a hotel, and this he did suc- cessfully from 1870 to 1880. In Novem- ber of the latter year he went to Kansag City, and was engaged as a traveling sales- man for a period of four years. In 1884 he returned to Texas and located in Den- ton county, where he resumed the hotel business. In 1889 he again abandoned this enterprise and went out on the road again, traveling throughout the entire State of Texas. He was with the Dallas Land and Loan Company, and is now permanently lo- cated at Oak Cliff. Mr. McKinney was united in marriage, at Dallas, in 1884, to Miss Jimmie Park, a native of Tennessee. Of this union three children were born: Katie Park, Nellie Wesley, Bessie Elizabeth, who died at the age of thirteen months, and Minnie Pearl, now ten weeks old. The Democratic party finds in Mr. Mc- Kinney a stanch adherent. He is a mem- ber of the I. O. O. F., of McKinney, and of the Knights of Honor of Denton, Texas. He and his wife are members of the First Cumberland Presbyterian Church of Oak Cliff. He has witnessed the growth and development of the great Southwest, and has contributed his share to the movements which have aided in the progress of the commonwealth. The children of James and Frances E. Mc- Kinney, who grew to maturity, are named as follows: Albert, Marshall L., Elizabeth, de- ceased, wife of N. C. Harris; William and Charles W. William McKinney still lives on his farm in Denton county, and is one of the most successful farmers in the county, and has one of the largest apple orchards in the State. This orchard has proved beyond doubt that one can grow as tine apples in Denton county, Texas, as in any other State; also peaches, berries and all other fruits. WHOM AS C. BAILEY was born in New- ton county, Georgia, September 10, 1835, the eldest of seven children, born to Allen L. and Mary (Thweatt) Bailey, natives of Georgia and South Carolina. The parents were married in Georgia, and in 1836 moved to Alabama, where the father engaged in farming. They both died in that State, the father in April, 1866, and the mother about 1852. Thomas C, our subject, was reared and edu- cated in the country schools of Alabama, and was engaged as overseer on his father's plantation until twenty-four years of age. He then began farming for himself, and at the breaking out of the war enlisted in Company D, Forty-seventh Alabama (ToUiver's) brig- ade, afterward Law's brigade, Lee's army. He was in the seven days' fight before Rich- mond, in the battle of Cedar Run, Fredricks- burg, and was also in many skirmishes. He had a brother killed at Port Hudson, on the Mississippi river. Mr. Bailey served in Vir- ginia and Alabama, and at the close of the HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 665 war he returned home and resumed farming. In November, 1872, he left Alabama for Dal- las connty, Texas, and has been a resident of this city since that time. He was iirst en- gaged in farming, and afterward, in 1877, he entrao-ed in the lumber business, as collector and salesman. Mr. Bailey was married in Tallapoosa county, Alabama, September 24, 1860, to Miss Georgia Rowell, a native of that county, and a daughter of Howell and Elizabeth (Walton) Rowell, natives of Virginia.. At a very early date the parents settled in Ala- bama, where the father engaged as a cotton planter. They both died in that State, the father in the spring of 1872, and the mother about 1854. Mr. and Mrs. Bailey have had five children, namely: Howell R., a resident of Dallas; Marie E., wife of Y.B. Dowell,an attorney of this city; Allen L., at home; Nettie, wife of Otis D. Ford, of the firm of Ford Bros. Publishing Company; Robert E., a clerk in Meador's grocery store, in Dallas. Politically, Mr. Bailey is identified with the Democratic party. Mrs. Bailey is a member of the Methodist Ciuirch at Dallas. COOPER, contractor and builder, and cistern builder, Dallas, came to this ' city in 1873, engaging in the lumber trade, at the time of the construction of the Texas Pacific railroad; he was superintendent of the building department of that road to the time it reached Dallas, from Marshall; was also employed by the Missouri Pacific, as purchasing agent. Since then he has erected many a fine residence in Dallas, especially in East Dallas. He was born in New Jersey, in 1827, the son of Obadiah and Catharine (Howell) Cooper, natives also of New Jersey. His father, a farmer, died in New Jersey, about 1874, and his mother died in 1839. He was brought up on a farm in his native State. At the age of seventeen years he went to New York city and served his apprenticeship there. After continuing a short time longer there at his trade, he went to St. Charles, Illinois, where he followed contracting. In 1866 he went to Omaha, Nebraska, where he was en- gaged with several mechanical departments of the Union Pacific railroad until he came to Texas. During the war he was employed in the mechanical department of the service at Nashville and Chattanooga. At Lookout Mountain he received a sunstroke, after which he returned to Illinois. He was married at Campton, Illinois, in 1855, to Sevilla P. Eddy, a native of New York and daughter of Spaulding and Mary (Stephens) Eddy, natives of New York, who settled in Kane county, Illinois, in pioneer times, and subsequently moved to Iowa Falls, Iowa, where they died, — the mother about 1883 and the father on Christmas day, 1886. Mr. Cooper's children are the following named: Nellie, widow of Edward Hubbard, and residing with our subject; and S. Eddy, unmarried, and the cashier of the freight department of the International & Great Northern railroad at Palestine, Texas; besides one child deceased. For many years Mr. Cooper was connected with the railroads of Illinois and Nebraska. In his political sympathies he has been a Republican ever since 1862, but takes no active part in political machinery. He is a member of Tanney Lodge, No. 49, F. & A. M. ; of the chapter at Omaha; of the Dallas Commandery, No. 6; of the Thirty- second-degree of Scotish-Rite Masonry, at Omaha; also Eastern Star; of the A. O. U. W. ; 666 HISTOBT OP DALLAS COUNTY- of the Knights of the Golden Eagle, a bene- ficiary order, and of the Knights of Pythias, at Omaha, Nebraska. Mrs. Savilla T. Cooper and Mrs. Nellie Hubbard are also members of the Eastern Star lodge. -'^ fE. WALLER, a retired farmer living in an elegant home at Oak Cliff, Texas, ® surrounded by everything that goes to make life happy, forms the subject of this sketch. Mr. Waller was born in Southampton county, Virginia, in 1834, and spent his childhood days in that State. In the year 1843, his parents moved to Marshall county, Mississippi, and settled on a farm near Holly Springs. When he was sixteen years of age his father sent him to Mayfield, Kentucky, to attend school. One year spent at a serai- nary there and another year at Wadesboro, same State, where he attended college, and his school days ended. The following year he was employed as a clerk in a general store, and after that engaged in business for him- self, continuing the same up to 1856. That year he sold out and came to Texas, settling in Hill county, where he bought a large tract of land, consisting of about 300 acres, and commenced farming. About ten acres of this was improved, and on it was a small shack of a house. He remained there, de- voting his time to the improvement of the place and farming and stock-raising, until 1862, when he sold out and moved to Ellis county. There he rented a farm for his family while he was in the army. In the lat- ter part of 1862, he enlisted in the Con- federate service, as a member of the Thirtieth Texas Cavalry, commanded by Colonel Gur- ley. He entered as a private, but was soon detailed in the Quartermaster's department, continuing therein until the war closed, and thus saw little of the fighting. His regiment was engaged chiefly in scout duty Mr. Waller married Miss Fanny Kemble, of Mayfield, Kentucky, and at once started for Texas. Three children blessed their union, all of whom are now deceased: the oldest, Drury C, dying in 1878; Lnla, in 1874, and Cora, in 1883. Mrs. Waller, after having been in poor health for several years, passed away in 1866. Mr. Waller was mar- ried to his second wife, Miss E. E. Moore, in December, 1868, at Holly Springs, Missis- sippi. From that time until a year ago they lived on their farm in Ellis county, this State. Then Mr. Waller purchased lots in Oak Cliff and erected a fine dwelling, which is fin- ished and furnished in the latest style, and in which he now resides. At this writing he owns three excellent farms, two in Ellis county and one in Dallas county, all near together, the tliree comprising about 1,000 acres. These farms are rented, and under his careful supervision are paying well. At this time he has about seventy-five head of stock — horses, cattle, mules, etc. He annually feeds for market two or three car-loads of steers. Beginning with no means save his own energy and a determination to succeed, and working his way up to a position of wealth and influence, Mr. Waller is eminently a self- made man. He has made it a rule through life never to borrow money. Unless he had the cash to pay for an article, he went with- out it till he did have. In connection with this sketch it should be further stated that Mr. Waller's father was born in Virginia. He lived to be about sixty- six years old, and died in the Old Dominion. His mother, nee Louise Carbett, was also born BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 667 in Virginia. Her death occurred near Holly Springs, Mississippi, in 1846. Of the five children in their family, all have passed away. Mr. Waller was born and reared a Demo- crat. He took an active part in promoting any measure that had for its object the ad- vancement of the best interests of his town and county. He died suddenly, in March, 1892, and was buried in the city of his resi- dence, Oak Cliff, Texas. 4^ ^ A. LACY, a farmer and stock-raiser, postofEce Eagle Ford, Dallas county, " Texas, has been a resident of this county since 1850. Briefly sketched, an out- line of his life is as follows: Mr. Lacy was born in Carter county. East Tennessee, November 1, 1830. His father, P. Lacy, was a native of that State and a son of James Lacy, who was reared in East Ten- nessee, and who was a descendant of English ancestry that settled there at an early day. Mr. Lacy's father was reared on a farm and was subsequently engaged in the manufacture of iron. At the age of twenty-four years he was married to Miss Sarah In man, also a na- tive of East Tennessee, daughter of John Inman, who was of Irish descent, and who lived and died in Tennessee. After his mar- riage he removed to Giles county, Tennessee, and during the war of 1812 served un^er the celebrated General Jackson, to whom he became very much attached. Some time later he moved to Walker county, Georgia, where he remained eight years, at the end of that time returning to Giles county, Tennes- see. In 1849, with his wife and three chil- dren, he started iov what was then the frontier of civilization. They were detained at Mem- phis on account of high waters, and were obliged to remain there through the winter, and until about the first of May. While at Memphis, their oldest son, Alexander, died of cholera, aged twenty-eight years. In May they hired a boat to take them to Duval's Bluff, where they sold their horses and bought ox teams, continuing their journey to Texas, and enduring almost every hardship and privation imaginable. They arrived here in October, 1850, and the father pre-empted 320 acres of wild land, which they set about improving, and here established their frontier home. The old gentleman resided on this place the rest of his days. He lived to the advanced age of ninety-two years and died in 1887. His wife preceded him to the other world, dying in 1871, aged seventy years. Both were active and earnest Christians, and were consistent members of the Baptist Church for many years. As will be noticed, D. A. Lacy was twenty when he arrived in Texas with his parents. July 17, 1856, he was married to Pallina Coekrell, daughter of Wesley Cockrell, who came here from Missouri, in 1846. In con- nection with his farming pursuits, Mr. Lacy also engaged in teaming, hauling goods from Houston to Dallas; also from Shreveport to Dallas, for many years. His union with Miss Cockrell was blessed with nine children, all now living, namely: Avrey, wife of James Wright, Dallas county; Albert, also of this county; James, Los Angeles, California; Adaline, wife of W. Gray, Howard county, Texas; Philemon, Los Angeles; Sarah, wife of Jefferson Wright, Dallas county; Allice May, Leona and Carl. After the death of his first wife, Mr. Lacy was again married, July 17, 1884, to Mrs. Rebecca Girard, a na- tive of Cherokee county, Texas, daughter of Robert Retherford who came to Texas at an early date. The result of this union is three 668 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. children: Daisy, who died in 1889, aged four years, and Lillian and Hettie Florence. Mr. Lacj is a Democrat of the old Jack- sonian type. During the late war he served four years as teamster in the Confederate service. lie still resides on the farm which his father pre-empted, and with him lives his brother, Abraham T. ^ '^Mi'^^iW^^ — tHARLES M. ROSSER, M. D., is one of the well known and successful phy- sicians of Dallas, Texas. Although not a pioneer, he has been a resident of the city during the years of its greatest growth and prosperity, and the position he has occupied in its professional and social circles well en- titles him to mention in the annals of the the city. Dr. C M. Kosser was born in Randolph county, Georgia, December 22, 1862, son of Dr. M. F. and Julia A. (Smith) Rosser. His mother is a sister of Senator Hampton A. Smith, of Valdosta, Georgia. His father was in early life a practicing physician, but later devoted his time and energies to the ministry of the Methodist Protestant Church, being in active ministerial work in Georgia and in eastern Texas for forty years. About ten years of this time he was president of the Jsortheast Texas Conference. During the war he was Chaplain of the Forty-lirst Georgia Regiment of Infantry four years. He was taken prisoner at Vicksburg; and was subsequently exchanged. He is now, as he has been for twenty- two years, an honored resident of Camp county, Texas, he being sixty-niue and his wife fifty-eight years of age. Of their eight children, the subject of our sketch was the tifth-born and is one of the five who are still living. Dr. Rosser re- ceived a liberal education under the careful tutorage of that distinguished educator. Major John M. Richardson, Rector of East Texas Academic Institute. For several years he was engaged in teaching school, and at the same time studied medicine under tiie direction of Dr. E. P. Becton, of Sulphur Springs, Texas. He attended the Medical College of Louisville first in 1884-'85, and graduated there in 1888, at which time he was awarded the Whitsett gold medal by the faculty. Previous to his graduation he was en- gaged in practice three years inLone Oak, Hunt county, Texas, and at Waxahachie. He came to Dallas in March, 1889, and has since been identified with the medical profession here. The first year of his residence here he was editor of the Courier Record of Medicine, and the third year served as health officer of the city of Dallas. He is local surgeon for the Houston & Texas Central Railroad and also chief surgeon for the Texas Trunk Railroad; is medical examiner for the Mutual Life In- surance Company, of New York, Provident Savings Life Insurance Company, of New York, the Brooklyn Life Insurance Company, of New York, and the Catholic Knights of America. He is a member of the Dallas County Medical Association, the Northern Texas Medical Association, the Central Texas Medical Association, and the Texas State Medical Association. As a member of the latter he was elected secretary of the sec- tion of practice in 1891, and chairman of the section of State medicine, 1892. Dr. Rosser was married September 11, 1889, to Miss Elma Curtice, daughter of John Curtice of Louisville, Kentucky. They have two children, Curtice, and Elma. Both he and his wife are members of the Metho- dist Episcopal Church South. He is also a •--^/ c^^^^^---^ ^(^^^h-^^^'i^^^^ . HI8T0RY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 669 member of the K. of P., and in politics affili- ates with the Uemocratic party. Dr. Rosser has scarcely reached the noon of life. With his active mental temperament and his superior medical training, a future of bright promise awaits him. \R. A. M. COCHRAN, one of the early settlers of Dallas county, was born in Murray county, Tennessee, December 25, 1839, the second son of William M. and Nancy Jane (Hughes) Cochran, natives of North and South Carolina respectively. In 1843 the parents emigrated to Dallas county, Te.\as, where the father held the office of County Clerk, being the first clerk of the county, and was also the tirst Representative to the Legislature. He died in this county, in 1853, forty-six years of age, and the mother survived him some years, dying in 1878, aged fifty-nine years. On the paternal side the family are of Irish descent, and on the ma- ternal side of Welsh and English descent. Grandfather John Cochran served in the Revolutionary war from South Carolina. The subject of this sketch came to Dallas at the age of four years, where he received the advantages of the common schools, and also attended McKenzie college. After leaving school he took a medical course at the Uni- versity of Louisiana, at New Orleans, after which he engaged immediately in the practice of medicine in Dallas county. In 1861 Mr. Cochran enlisted in the Eighteenth Texas Cavalry, as Third Lieutenant of Company C, was afterward promoted to First Lieutenant and later as Captain. He was appointed as Adjutant General of the militia of Texas by General Magruder near the close of the war. He served in Texas, Louisiana and Tennessee, 44 and was in the battles of Arkansas Post, Cotton Plant, and was taken prisoner at the former battle, and confined at Camp Chase, Ohio. After the close of the war Dr. Cochran returned to this county and engaged in the practice of his profession, and in 1866 he was elected to the State Legislature from Dallas county, continuing in that capacity one year. He was afterward elected Alder- man from the city, and again from the Second Ward, and in 1879 he was appointed Post- master of Dallas, Texas, by President Hayes and served during his administration. In 1881 he was elected (Chairman of the Repub- lican State Executive Committee by the State Republican Convention at Dallas, serving two years. In 1883 he engaged in the in- ternal revenue business, and in 1886 was the Republican nominee for Governor of Texas, and made a canvas of the State. In the spring and summer of 1887, he canvassed the State of Texas in the interests of the anti-Prohi- bitionists. In 1887, he was called by the anti-Prohibitionists of Atlanta, Georgia, to canvass their city and county, which he did, and in 1889 returned to the internal revenue business, in which he is now connected. In 1890 Mr. Cochran was nominated by Governor Ross and appointed by President Harrison as Commissioner of the Columbian Expo- sition from the State of Texas. He was married in Dallas county, Febru- ary 22, 1866, to Miss Laura A. Knight, a native of this county, and a daughter of O. W. and Serena (Hughes) Knight, natives of Tennessee. The parents were married in their native State, and afterward emigrated to Dallas county, settling near Cedar Springs, where the mother still resides, the father having died a few years ago. Mrs. Cochran died in December, 1870, leaving one child, Mamie M. Mr. Cochran was again married, eto HI8T0MT OF DALLAS COUNTY. January 11, 1871, to Mrs. Mary A. Collins, a native of Washington county, Arkansas, and a daughter of William and Cynthia (Thomas) Jenkins, natives of Tennessee. The father, a farmer and saddler by occupation, moved from St. Louis, Missouri, to Washing- ton county, Arkansas, in an early day, and in 1845 to Dallas county, settling on a farm north of the city. Her father, William Jen- kins, was the first Sheriff of Dallas county, Texas. His death occurred in November, 1871, aged fifty-four, and the mother is still living, at the old homestead, at the age of seventy-six years. Mrs. Cochran has one child living by her former marriage, Frank Terry Collins. Mr. and Mrs. Cochran have had three children, — WiU'^'Q M-i B. Porter, and A. M. Mrs. Dr. Cochran is now National Lady Manager from the State of Texas to the W^orld's Columbian Exposition at Chicago in 1893. She has attended twp meetings, at present writing. Her selection is a most ex- cellent and satisfactory one, and shows the wisdom of the Commission frqm whom she received the appointment. ^ ^ f JOSEPH CEOUCH is one of the thrifty farmers of Dallas county, Texas, and everything about his place indicates that he is an enterprising and progressive agriculturist. He is a son of Elijah Crouch who was born in Virginia in 1770 and moved to Cumberland county, Kentucky in 1813, thence to McMinn county, Tennessee, and there died in 1825. While a resident of Kentucky he was engaged in buying and sell- ing hogs and kept a general mercantile store. After his removal to Tennessee he kept a hotel which occupied his attention until nis death. He was a practical, wide-awake, and energetic man of business and was quite suc- cessful in all his undertaking's. He was an active and consistent member of the Baptist Church and a supporter of the Democratic party. His wife was born in 1772, a native of Virginia, who is now dead. She was an exemplary Christian woman and for years was an untiring worker in the Baptist Church. She bore her husband the follow- ing children: William, Jesse, John, James and Elijah deceased, and Joseph, Bettie, Avy, Batsie, Polly, Agie and Sally, living. The last mentioned is now about 80 years of age and is a resident of Colorado. His eai-- liest progenitors of which Joseph Crouch has any knowledge, were three brothers who came to this country in an early day. Joseph was born in the Old Dominion in 1813, and while an infant was taken to Kentucky where he remained until 1825, after which he was a resident of Tennessee until 1831. He then, at the age of eighteen years, started on a two weeks' trip to visit friends but was led on by one adventure after another until twenty years rolled by before he returned to his old houie. In 1844 he came to Texas and after some time settled in Rusk couuty and for seven years was overseer of a large planta- tion. The twenty years having elapsed, he then returned to his old home, where he made a visit of four months, and upon his return to Kusk county he sold his property there and moved to Dallas county and settled on his present farm in the year 1860. In 1856 he was married to Miss Susan Malone, who was born in DeKalb county, Alabama, in 1833, moved to Mississippi, next to Up- shur county, Texas, and finally to liusk county, this State, in 1834. They have seven children: Mary, born May 31, 1857, now the wife of Craig Clay, a resident of Ferris, Ellis HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 671 county; George, born March 24, 1861, and residing in Colorado; Martlia, born December 1, 1863; John, born January 14, 1866, a resi- dent of Dallas county; the following childreu deceased: Missouri; Giles, October 7, 1870, and Joseph, February 15, 1872, at bis home. Mr. Crouch began life for himself witii no capital except what nature had bestowed upon him — astrongbody and willing hands, but to- day is the owner of a fine farm of 600 acres, well stocked and well improved, and what he has far more reason to prize -a reputation for being one of the most reliable men of the county. He is a Democrat and he and his wife are members of tiie Baptist Church. fOHN P. GILLESPIE, a well-known at- torney of Dallas county, was born in Fayette county, Tennessee, July 10, 1852, a son of Andrew J. and Julia Ann (Wright) Gillespie. His mother was a daughter of Dr. James Wright and a native of Tennessee. His father was born at Knox- ville, that State, in 1814, and in iiis early in- fancy his parents removed to Madison county, Mississippi, where he was raised, and thence moved to New Orleans. In 1844 he married and settled upon a farm in Fayette county, Tennessee, and remained there until 1866, when he removed to Colorado county, Texas. Two years later he died while on a trip to Tennessee, in his fifty-fourth year. The mother was born in 1826, and is living in Travis county, Texas. The parents were people of great refinement and culture. They reared a family of eight children, six sons and two daughters. John P. received his education in Macon (Tennessee) College, finishing his course in 1871. Until 1876 he engaged in agricult- ural pursuits, and then began the study of law, for which his excellent mental disci- pline had fitted him. He entered the law school at Tehuacaria, Texas, and in 1877 was admitted to the bar. He at once located at Dallas, and now practices in all the courts of the State, being very successful in his profes- sion and winning a wide reputation for clear, logical reasoning and sound judgment. In his political opinions he adheres to the prin- ciples of the Democratic party, and in society he is a member of the order of the Knights of Pythias. He is fearless in the expression of his opinions, but is tolerant of the opinions of others. There are few men better posted on the topics of the day, and none enjoy a larger circle of warm, admiring friends. Mr. Gillespie was united in marriage, at Dallas, in 1880, to Miss Emma Dickason, a native of Shelby county, Tennessee, who moved with her parents to Texas in 1874, settling in Dallas county. Mr. Gillespie has had six children: Jackson, Eloise, Gladys, Julia, and two who died in infancy. The family live on a, beautiful estate of 400 acres, where the hospitality of the genial and kindly host and hostess knows no bounds. ILLIAM BUSTKIN, who is engaged in the grocery business on the corner of Hall and Central avenues, was born in Grabow, near Cammin, in Prussia, December 17, 1848, the third of six children born to William and Maria (Tramsburg) Bustrin, also natives of Prussia. His mother died in the old country, and his father is now living, in Jasper county, Missouri. William was reared on a small farm in IVussia, to the age of sixteen years, after which he removed to Stettin, and afterward to Berlin, engaged 673 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. as a ferryman, two summers, and afterward worked in a metal mint in that city. In the spring of 1869, Mr. Bnstrin set sail for America, and after his arrival he located in Columbia county, Wisconsin, where he worked at farm work during the summers, and attended school in winters. In the fall of 1870 he went to Boone county, Iowa; in the spring of 1872 he returned to Germany; in the spring of 1873 he came to Jasper county, Missouri, where he fanned for three years, and afterward embarked in the nursery business. In 1880, Mr. Bnstrin bought eiglit acres of land in this comity, which he used in growing nursery stock, but which he has since laid off in lots, and which is now known as Bustrin's addition to the city of Dallas. He takes an active interest in politics, voting with the Democratic party; is now serving his second term as Alderman from the Ninth Ward; was Secretary of Golden Kule Lodge for six 3'ears; and is a member of Coeur De Lion Lodge, No. 8, K. of P. Mr. Bustrin was married at Fort Scott, Kansas, in 1877, to Miss Lizzie Sparks, a native of Kentucky, and a daughter of Will- iam Sparks, a native of the same State. Mr. and Mrs. Bustrin have had three children; Bertha, Fred and Mary Belle. |INCENT H. GOLAY, partner in the Myrick & Dawley Coal Company, and one of the prominent and successful business men of the city, engaged in the coal business here in 1886. He came to Dallas in May, 1874, when the city had a popula- tion of about 5,000, and when the main busi- ness was confined principally to the square. Mr. Golay came from Perisacola, Florida, but he was a native of Mobile, Alabama, his birth occurring there on the 5th of October, 1853. He was the youngest of seven chil- dren born to Albert and Rebecca (Williams) Golay, the father a native of Vevay, Indiana, and of Swiss descent, and the mother a native of Bullock county, Georgia. In 18p8 the father went to Pensacola, Florida. He mar- ried in 1840 at Pensacola, and in 1874 came to Dallas, where he remained four years. In 1878 he returned to Pensacola, where his death occurred, in 1881. The mother is still living and resides in Pensacola. Of their children six are now living: Mrs. Clarine Runyan, of Pensacola; Zarilda, now Mrs. George O. Garrett, of Vales county, Texas; Sabra, now Mrs. Collins (a widow), of Pen- sacola; Malvina, Mrs. Caro (widow), resides in Pensacola; and Albert, who is married and also resides in Pensacola. The maternal grandfather of these children, David Will- iams, was a planter by occupation and an early settler of Florida. Vincent II. Golay came to Texas in December, 1873, and to Dallas in May of the following year. He tirst worked in the old Scott flour mills, his father being a partner in the same, and afterward in the Dallas Compress and Texas Compress. He remained with the companies oflf and on for about ten years. He then embarked in the coal business, managing the yard of E. G. Childs for about five years, wlien he con- ducted the l)usiness on his own account until October, 1892; then he joined the present firm. Mr. Golay was married in Dallas, in 1884, to Miss MoUie L. Leonard, daughter of Cap- tain William II. H. and Margaret (Blacer) Leonard, natives of Maryland and Cuba re- pectively. Her parents were married at Hannibal, Missouri, and the father was Cap- tain on the Mississippi river, and during the war was Captain of the gunboat General HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 673 Bragg. He died at Foster, Kentucky, and the mother died in New Orleans in 1881, Vvhen fifty-two years of age. lie takes some interest in politics and votes with the Demo- cratic party. He was a member of the early Volunteer Fire Department for six years and has extended a helping hand to all worthy enterprises. His marriage has been blessed by the birth of four children: Travis and Edith (twins), Clarine and Vincent. 4^ ^ H. LANGDEAU has been prominently identified with the insurance business ''" for the past twenty-six years, having tilled every position in the business except being president of a company. He is now working for different companies, special and general agents, and his work is confined mostly within the State of Texas. Previous to his coming to Dallas he was located in Little Rock, Arkansas, where for a year or more he was special agent for the New York Underwriters' Agency. Mr. Langdeau was born in St. Louis, Mis- souri, in 1836, the eldest of a family of eleven children, seven of whom are now living. His parents, Lawrence and Laura (Owens) Lang- deau, were natives of St. Louis and Kentucky respectively. Grandfather Langdeau was born in Canada, and about 1798 emigrated to St. Louis, Missouri, remaining there until the time of his death, engaged as an Indian trader. The father of our subject learned and followed the trade of ship carpenter, and for many years he was engageil in steamboat- ing on the Mississippi river. His death occurred in St. Louis in 1873. His wife died at the same place in 1888. C. H. Langdeau was reared in his native city and educated there. He was among the first students to attend the public high School of St. Louis. After leaving school he was engaged in steam- boating on the Mississippi, as clerk, being thus employed some thirteen years. Before beginning that business he took a course in a commercial college in St. Louis. Quitting the steamboat business, he turned his attention to insurance, first in Macon city, Missouri, where he remained some years. While in Macon city he was married, in 1865, to Mrs. Lou Terrell, a native of Missouri and a daughter of James A. and Rebecca (Wright) Terrell. Her father is a native of Kentucky and now resides near Macon> He was one of the early settlers of Missouri and formerly owned the land on which Macon is located. Her mother, a native of Missouri, died near Macon some years ago. After leaving Macon Mr. Langdeau settled again in St. Louis; thence to Little Rock, Arkansas, and in 1881 came to Dallas, Texas. Since that year he has been identi- fied with the interests of this place. He bought and improved his property at the cor- ner of Patterson avenue and Ervay street. Politically, Mr. Langdeau is a Democrat; socially, a Knight Templar Mason; re- ligiousy, a member of the Christian Church. His wife is also a member of the same church. He has a stepson and an adopted daughter, James A. Palmer and Grace Carpenter. fAMES S. TERRY, engaged in the real- ' DO estate business, of ])allas was born in Greenville district. South Carolina, in 1834, the eldest of nine children born to As- bury and Winnie (Graydoii) Terry, natives of South Carolina. The father was of English descent, and the mother of Scotch-Irish, and grandfather Terry came from England to 674 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. South Carolina about 1777. Of the parents' nine children, eight are still living, namely: James S., our subject; Sally, now Mrs. War- ren of De Soto county, Mississippi; C. W., who resides in Oak Cliff; William H., who came to Texas before marriage, and died in 1884; Mary, now Mrs. William Flynn of Washington county, Arkansas; Mattie, now Mrs. Duncan of West Dallas; George A., a resident of Nelson, Arkansas; and Thomas G., a resident of Dallas. James S. Terry was reared in South Caro- lina, and at the age of seven years he emi- grated to Mississippi. When twenty-one years of age he went to La Grange, Tenneseee, and engaged as a clerk in a store In 1861 he enlisted in the Southern Guards, Company A, and was in the artillery service twelve months, participating in the battles of Cape Girardeau, Missouri, Belmont, Columbus, Island No. 10, and New Madrid. They then swam the river to the Arkansas side, then to Fort Pillow, and Corinth. In 1862 Mr. Terry joined the Fourth Tennessee Infantry, Company A, and was in the invasion of Ken- tucky, Perryville, Murfreesboro, Chattanooga, Ciiickamauga, Nashville, and was then taken prisoner and confined at Camp Douglas for some time. Pie received a gunshot wound at Atlanta, and also three or four other scratches or wounds .Mr. Terry was in thirty- seven battles and many severe engagements. He was paroled a prisoner of war in 1865, at Richmond, Virginia. He then returned to Mississippi on foot, where he engaged in farming and threshing until conaing to Dallas city in 1872. Here he first engaged in the milling business, and subsequently erected a woolen mill of his own, which he conducted many years. Mr. Terry has been connected with the manufacturing interests of this city for a number of years, has aided in opening up and grading the streets, and has been active in all things for the good of the city. He was married in De Soto county, Mis- sissippi, in 1877, to Miss Callie Hicks, a native of Mississippi, and daughter of Charles and Lucy (Lugram) Hicks, natives of North Carolina. The parents moved to Mississippi at an early day, where the father died in 1873, and the mother about 1881. Mr. and Mrs. Terry have had seven children, viz. : Hugh Findley, Ruth, Roy, Cleveland, Paul, Roblee and an infant, now deceased. Mr. Terry votes with the Democratic Jjarty, but is not active in politics. He has witnessed the growth of Dallas city from a population of 2,000 to its present number, and is now liv- ing on his income and looking after his landed interests. 1^. W. KANADY, manufacturer of har- ness and saddlery goods, Dallas, ' Te.xas, was born in Lancaster, this county, in 1865, the second in a family of three children born to C. D. and V. H. (Mil- ler) Kanady, natives of New York and Ten- nessee. The father came to Dallas county about 1858; four years later settled in Wax- ahachie, Ellis county, where he engaged in the hardware business; was next at Pleasant Run ; in 1869 he came to Dallas county, where he again engaged in the hardware business; in 1872 removed to Hutchins, Texas, where he •followed farming, and in 1882 returned to Dallas county. The subject of this sketch was reared prin- cipally in the city of Dallas, and was educated in the schools of Hutchins, and learned the trade of harnessmaking in Dallas. He subse- quently took a trip to Southern California, but in the spring of 1888 he returned to this city, and engaged at his trade. Mr. Kanady HISTORY OF DALLAS GOUNTT. 075 now carries a full line of bugfries, wagons, agricultural implements, harness and saddles, and does both a wholesale and retail business at the corner Elm and Pearl streets. He was married in Dallas, in August, 1890, to Mrs. G. Cockrell, the widow of R. B. Cockrell, and a daughter of Samuel S. and Louise (Dus seau) Jones, natives of Tennessee and France respectively. The mother came to Dallas county in 1844, with her parents, and settled with the French colony. The parents were married in Dallas county, and the mother died in France in 1873, and the father now resides at Wichita Falls, Texas. Mr. and Mrs. Kanady have one child. Gillie V. Mr. Kanady is identified with the Democratic party, and both he and his wife are members of the Christian Church, corner Bryan and Pearl streets. Residence, corner of Pearl and Cottage streets^ ^ lAMUEL. L. RANDLETT, Jb., son of Samuel L. and Eliza V. (Parkerson) Randlett, was born in St. Mary's parish, Louisiana, in 1865. His father was born in the State of Indiana in 1819, and there re- sided until 1835. That year he moved to St. Mary's parish, Louisiana, and resided with his father, John Randlett, until the latter's death, which occurred in 1862. In 1850 he purchased a plantation of 1,100 acres, which he operated up to the time of his death in 1882. In 1861 he enlisted in the Fifth Louisiana Cavalry, in Captain Gordy's Com- pany. In 1862 he was detailed to serve in the Commissary department, under Captain Kerr, which position he held until the close of the war. In politics he was an old-line Whig. He was an active memlier and liberal 8upi)orter of the Episcopal Church; was prom- inent in the Masonic circles, having been a member for forty years and having held high positions in Master Mason, "Royal Arch and Knight Templar degrees. Generosity and honesty were his most prominent charac- teristics. The mother of our subject was born in Louisiana in 1827, daughter of James and Mary (Drehr) Parkerson, her father a native of Sweden and her mother of South Carolina. Her parents ilaoved from South Carolina to Louisiana in 1812, going overland by the way of iSfatchez, Mississippi, to the parish of East Feliciana, thence to St. Mary's parish, where he still resides. Mr, Randlett's pater- nal grandmother was a Catholic and still ad- heres to the faith. Her education was ac- quired in a convent. His mother was of a very kind, generous and affectionate disposi- tion; was a zealous member of the Episcopal Church. Mr. Randlett is the next to the youngest in a family of seven children, as follows: James, who died in childhood; Lyman was killed when young by being thrown from a horse; Kate is now the wife of Rev. G. R. Scott, a Baptist minister at Montague county, Texas; Elnora, deceased, was the wife of James W. Reilly, manager of a sugar plantation in St. Mary's parish, Louisiana; Alice, widow of Edward C. At- kinson, assistant superintendent of the Hous- ton Direct Navigation Company. She still resides at Houston, Texas; the sixth born, as already stated, is the subject of this sketch; and Warren died in July, 1889, at Corsicana, Navarro county, Texas. Samuel L. Randlett received a very good education at Franklin, Louisiana, and re- mained at home with his parents until 1881, in which year he moved to Texas and located in Houston, where he apprenticed himself to an engineer. He remained there four years and then returned to Louisiana, obtained a 676 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. position of assistant superintendent on a su- gar plantation. He was afterward promoted to superintendent, remained thus employed until 1889. That year he moved to Lancas- ter, Texas, and immediately engaged in the hardware, furniture and undertaking busi- ness. He was married in 1889 to Miss Addie H. White, daughter of W. L. and Louisa F. White. They have one child, Louise, born May 15, 1891. In politics Mr. Randlett is a strong Democrat and adheres strictly to party rnles. He is a member of the Epis- copal Church, while his wife is associated with the Baptist denomination. Mr. Randlett is young and energetic, well respected and highly spoken of by his neigh- bors and fellow men. He is kind-hearted and liberal, and has recently contributed a considerable sum toward building a female seminary in his adopted town. MAYER, brewer, Dallas, Texas.— If the old world had not contributed to ' ® the population of the new, Texas would not have reached its present high state of development. Germany has fur- nished her full quota of excellent men, and among them is Mr. Mayer, a resident of Dal- las, and one of its substantial citizens. He came to America in 1875, and after a brief career in the East, made his advent into the Lone Star State, where he began business as a brewer, being the pioneer of that trade in Dallas and Fort Worth. He accumulated a handsome competency, settled in Dallas, and invested in real estate on Elm street: the same is now very valuable property. Mr. Mayer has been one of the enterprising and pro- gressive men of Dallas. His standing in flociety illustrates forcibly the truth, that — " Honor and shame from no condition rise Act well your part ; there all the honor lies." Mr. Mayer has shown his appreciation of secret organizations by becoming a member of the Odd Fellow fraternity, and he is also a leading member of all the German socie- ties. -«fe EH«- R. GEORGE WILLIAM EWELL is a native Virginian, his birth occurring in Prince William county in 1821, and is a son of James B. and Sophia (Douglas) Ewell, the former a native of the Old Do- minion and the latter of Maryland. The father followed the occupation of an agricult- urist, and moved from his native State to Tennessee in 1839, remaining there until his death. He was a member of the Presby- terian Church. Mrs. Ewell was a descend- ant of Lady P. Douglas, of Scotland. The founders of the Douglas family in America were three brothers, George, William, and Richard Douglas, the former settling in New York city, and the two latter in Maryland. Mrs. Ewell died in Yirginia, and the father afterward married a Miss Gwynn, who died in Tennessee. To his first union were born eight children, one of whom, a son, is resid- ing in Waco, Texas, and a daughter, the eld- est, is now a resident of Peoria, Illinois, and although quite old, is still hale and hearty. Dr. George W. Ewell was reared in his na- tive State, Yirginia, until eighteen years of age, received a good practical education in private schools, and then went to Tennessee, where he began the study of medicine under L)r. Richard Ewell, in Hardeman county. He later entered the College of Medicine at Philadelphia, and graduated from that institu- tion in the class of 1842, with the degree of M. D. He began practicing in north Missis- niSTORY OF DALLAS GOUIST^. 677 sippi, and continued there fur fourteen years, and then came to East Texas, located at Mar- shall, Harrison county, where he remained twelve years. He practiced his profession until his health failed, and then, in 1871, came to Dallas, settling on what is now Elm street, then a new-cnt road through the woods, but now in the very center of the city. He owns considerable real estate in the city. Dr. Ewell has been a member of the Presbyterian Church since sixteen years of age. and has been elder for fifty years. He is a direct descendant of a family of Presbyterians and is a worthy representative. He built the first Presbyterian church in Dallas, when there were but seven members, and contin- ued to be one of its stanchest supporters. Dr. Ewell was married in 1845, to Miss Sul- livan of Alabama, and to them were born six children, three of whom are now living: William Sullivan, died at the age of ten years; Mary Douglas, at home; Sallie, now Mrs. Captain E. S. Gay, resides in Atlanta, Georgia; Rosa F., was tlie wife of Dr. Camp- bell, and died leaving a daughter, Mabel Ewell, who makes her home with her grand- parents; there was also an infant son, George W., Jr. In politics Dr. Ewell was formerly a Henry Clay Whig, but he now affiliates with the Democratic party. ;R. y. P. ARMSTRONG, a prominent physician and surgeon of Dallas, and health officer of this city, born in David- son county, Tennessee, February 18, 1855. His parents were John W. and Pauline Armstrong, the former a native of Alexan- dria, Virginia, and the latter of Dover, Ten- nessee. The Doctor's father was a steamboat captain for twenty-five years, his career as such ending in 1865. He owned the Run- yau, one of the largest vessels plying Cum- berland river, running between Nashville and New Orleans. After the war he turned his attention to the wholesale grocery business at Louisville, Kentucky, and from his estab- lishment there the wholesale house of Arm- strong Company of Dallas, was formed, the firm being composed of John S. Armstrong and Henry C. Armstrong; the former a wealthy banker of Dallas, the latter of Louis- ville, Kentucky, both being brothers of Dr. Armstrong. This family consisted of thir- teen children, the subject of our sketch being the seventh-born and one of the seven who are still living. Dr. Armstrong was educated at Notre Dame, Indiana, where he received the de- gree of A. M. He graduated from the Medical College of Louisville in 1877, after which he began the practice of his pro- fession at Caldwell, Texas. He remained there thirteen years. At the end of that time he took a post-graduate course at Bellevue Hospital, New York, followed by courses in the Polyclinic of New York and a post-grad- uate course in the Post-Graduate Hospital of that city; after which he went abroad, spend- ing one year in London and Paris, winding up with a special course at Birmingham, England. Returning to Texas, Dr. Armstrong lo- cated in Dallas in 1890, since which time he has been a worthy member of the medical profession here. At Caldwell he served as local surgeon for the Gulf, Colorado & Santa Fe Railroad. He has been for some time, and is now, examining physician for several life-insurance companies and secret organiza- tions. His extensive and thorough prepara- tion for his life work, combined with his nat- ural genial disposition and courteous manner, 678 BISTORT OP DALLAS COUNTY. renders hiin a deservedly popular man. Dr. Artnstroiig was married in 1877, to Miss Tennie Brjmer, daughter of A. R. Bry- mer who settled in Texas in 1845. Mr. Bry- mer died in 1890, aged eighty-one years. The Doctor and his wife have one child, John S. Dr. Armstrong takes little interest in po- litical affairs, his attention being wholly occu- pied by professional work. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias, having passed all the chairs in his lodge. He is at present advocating the cause of sanitation in the city of Dallas and exerting his influence to place the health department of the city upon a plane with the largest and most prosperous cities of the East. 4^ ^ L. McDonald, attorney at law, Dallas, was born in Grimes county, l» Texas, Jnne 29, 1860, a son of General J. G. McDonald and Julia (Davis) McDonald, natives of Tennessee. The father was an attorney of Grimes county, for many years, and is still a resident of that county, aged sixty-six years. He was Brigadier Gen- eral of the State trcops of Texas during the late war, but on account of poor health, was never actively engaged. He took an active interest in politics, was a member of the Legislature three terms before the war, and was District Attorney two terms, of four years each, his first term being from 1856 to 1860. The mother of our subject was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, from girlhood, and her death occuri-ed October 29, 1886, at the age of fifty-eight years. She was active in church work, and was univer- sally admired for her many good qualities and her amiable traits of character. The parents reared a family of ten children, seven of whom are still living, and our subject is the fifth child in order of birth. W. L. McDonald, the subject of this sketch, took an academic course at Patrick's Academy, at Anderson, receiving two gold medals for declamation and oratory, and later took a law and English course at the Texas University, and in 1885 graduated at the Southwestern University. He stood the ex- amination before the Supreme Court of Texas, in June, 1886, and in July ot the same year began practice at Dallas, under the firm name of McDonald & Porter. Was elected a member of the Texas Bar Association in 1886. In 1887 Mr. McDonald was admitted to prac- tice in the United States Courts. He has been a Notary Public for the past four years. In 1885 was elected Clerk of the House of Representatives of the State, serving two terms, and later was appointed Deputy United States District Clerk for the Northern Dis- trict of Texas, serving one year. He was married October 26, 1887, to Miss Hattie A. Stemmons, of Dallas. She died February 22, 1888, aged twenty-four years, having been a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, of Dal- las, through life. Mr. McDonald is a mem- ber of the Masonic order, blue lodge and chap- ter; also of the O. E. S., and Good Samari- tans; of the I. O. O. F.; is Prelate in the K. of P., Cceur de Lion, No. 8, Dallas; and is a member of the First Methodist Episco- pal Church Soutli, of Dallas, in which he has held the office of Steward for four years. He has been Superintendent of the Sabbath- school of the same church for two years, is first vice-president of tlie Sunday-school Superintendents' Association, and is also an active member of the Y. M. C. A. Is a member of the Texas Literary Associa- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 679 tion, several temperance societies, and the Band of Hope, and attorney for the Mutual Building Association. Mr. McDonald has made his own start in life, having been born on a farm and raised to work, and also taught school thirteen months; clerked in a law office and store, and canvassed for books and papers. He is a Democrat in his political views, and by hard work, economy and good management, has risen to his present position. He has a good law library, and has a line future prospect before him. ^ ^ fM. BRAMLETT, architect, contractor and builder, located in Dallas in 1886. ® Here he has erected a number of the finest residences and business buildings, amons the latter being the Jones Bros.' real- estate building. He is now putting up the Tenth "Ward school building. He was born in Giles county, Tennessee, in 1850, the second-born of the seven chil- dren of A. J. and M. R. (Wallace) Bramlett. His father, a native of Georgia, was a planter who was married in Macon, Alabama, and early settled in Tennessee, but now re- sides at Rome, Georgia. His wife was born in Virginia. Mr. Bramlett, whose name heads this sketch, was raised near Rome, Georgia, in which town he was educated and learned his trade. After working at his trade for a time in Georgia, he went to Mis- sissippi and worked four years, — at Sardis, Pontotoc and other points. In 1881 he came to Texas, settling at Weatherford, where he was foreman on the construction of the courthouse. He was also foreman on the courthouse at Pecos City. He also took contracts and erected buildings at many other points in Texas, New Mexico, La Cru- ces and also a large factory in old Mexico. In June, this year (1891), he commenced a very large building in this county, — Buck- ner's Orphan Home. December 18, 1871, at Rome, Georgia, he married Laura Richardson, a native of Geor- gia and a daughter of D. K. and M. R. (Johnson) Richardson, natives also of the same State. Mr. and Mrs. Bramlett have two children, namely: Walter Sherwood, who graduated at the high school June 28, 1891, delivering the valedictory; is an apt student and will attend college; Richard Eldridge, now attending the Dallas high school. Mr. Bramlett, an ardent Democrat, has taken an active part in politics. He and his wife are meinliers of the Baptist Church. ALAWAY H. PATRICK.— Kentucky has furnished Texas with many of her representative citizens, among whom may be mentioned Calaway H. Patrick, a native of Perry county, that State, born October 20, 1822. His parents, Alexander and Catherine ("White) Patrick, were natives of Virginia and Kentucky respectively, the father born November 14, 1794. The latter moved from his native State to Madison county, Kentucky, and was there married in 1818. He moved from there to Robinson (now Leon) county, Texas, and there received his final summons on the the 18th of November, 1872. He was a self-made man and what he accumulated in the way of this world's goods was the result of his own good fighting quali- ties. He surmounted many difficulties and became one of the prominent men of his county. He was a "Whig and by that party was sent to represent his county in the Legis- lature of Kentucky for a number of terms. 680 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNT T. For years he was an active member of the Baptist Church. He was the son of John and Elizabeth (Calaway) Patrick, the father a native of Ireland, and his grand-parents, Isaac and (Bell) were both natives of the Emerald Isle. Our subject's maternal grandparents, George and Kachel White, were residents of Madison county, Kentucky, and the former was drum major in the Revolutionary war. To Alexander and Catherine (White) Patrick were born thir- teen children, who are named in the order of their births as follows: Alexander B., de- ceased; William W., deceased; Calaway H.; John Davis, deceased; Elizabeth is the wife of Mr. Custer, who was an uncle of General Cus- ter; Henry D., resides in Austin, Texas, and is now acting as deputy agent of the Central Texas Railroad; Amelia, deceased, was the wife of Mr. Shelton; Mary H., deceased, was the wife of Fletcher Chatham; George C, resides in McLennan county, Texas; Richard W., deceased, was Captain of his company and was killed in the Confederate army in the Salem or Jenkins' Ferry fight, in 1864; James I., deceased; and Thomas D., deceased. Calaway H. Patrick, the subject of this memoir, left his native State and moved with his parents to Texas in 1841, settling on the west bank of Trinity river and thence to Franklin, Robertson county, to escape the In- dians. He joined the minute company, of which he was a member from 1841 to 1845, and in the last named year he joined the rangers, being afterward stationed at John- son Station four months. In 1846 he volun- teered and went to the Mexican war. He was in Captain Eli Chandler's company, Colonel John C. Hays' regiment and for services rendered during that time he is now drawing a pension. Returning to Texas he settled oti a place about one mile east of his present property and there resided until 1849 when he returned to Robertson county. He served as District and Deputy Clerk of that county for two years and returned to his pres- ent home, where he has continued up to the present time. In 1862 he enlisted in the Eighteenth Texas Cavalry, Company I, under Captain Perry, and served the lost cause faithfully until the close. He was at Gainesville, Texas, at the time of the surrender. On the 13th of March, 1847, Mr. Patrick was married to Miss Rhoda I. Smith, a na- tive of Alabama, born in 1830, and the daughter of Abram and Elsie Smith. Her grandfather was General Bird Smith. Mr. and Mrs. Patrick became the parents of ten children: Abraham A., a resident of Hamil- ton county; Susan E., wife of John H. Stad- den, who died in 1864; Nancy A., wife of W. F. Lovett; William J., on the old farm; El- sie C, wife of F. M. Woodard, and resides in Fish county; George C, died in 1888; Mary Allin, died 1870; James L.; and Emma A., now the widow of Mr. S. B. Ashley, and died November 15, 1891. Socially Mr. Pat- rick is a Royal Arch Mason, and in politics he is a supporter of the Democratic princi- ples. He and Mrs. Patrick hold member- ship in the Baptist Church. 4^ 4(§>N ^ ANIEL F. SULLIVAN, one of the prosperous business men of Dallas, is engaged in plumbing, steam and gas fitting, and occupies an important position in the world of commerce as it exists in Dallas county. He was born in the city of Phila- delphia, Pennsylvania, December 19, 1858, and is a son of James and Mary Sullivan, natives of the beautiful " Emerald " Isle. HISTOUY OF DALLAS COUNTY. fiSl In 1878 he removed to Dallas, when the pres- ent flourishing city was a mere hamlet and plumbing was in its infancy. He has de- voted himself faithfully to his business, and has used his utmost endeavors to bring the trade of plumbing to a standard which makes it both an art and a science. Since 1887 he has been located at No. 107 North Market street, and has won a patron- age from the best class of citizens. By cor- rect business methods and high and honor- able dealings he has gained the confidence of the community, and the esteem and respect of a wide circle of acquaintances. f(3HN S. MOAD, a member of the firm of Gill, Moad & Gill, architects and superintendents of construction, was a few years ago an obscure carpenter in Geor- gia, but has arisen to a position of financial independence and enjoys the confidence of the entire body of business men in Dallas. He is a native of the State of Georgia, born November 30, 1851, in Walker county, near the Tennessee line. He is the oldest of a family of eight children born to Sterling and Sary (Barber) Moad, who were natives of Tennessee. When the father was twenty ■years of age, he went to Jefferson City, Mis- souri, and enlisted in the Mexican war, serv- ing the United States thirteen months. After hostilities ceased he removed with his father's family to Georgia, just across the Tennessee line, and there they lived during the late war; the father was an invalid, and 80 did not participate in the conflict. The residence was near the scene of the battle of Chickamauga, and during this fight the mother and children were sent into the spurs of the ujountajns for protection; the father was left at home, but suffered no bodily harm from either party. They continued to live there until 1882, when they removed to Henry Grove, Texas. In 1888 they went to Caddo, Indian Territory, and now reside with a son. John S. began life as an ap- prentice to a carpenter in Chattanooga, and mastered the trade at the age of nineteen years. He went to St. Louis, Missouri, and there worked as a journeyman until 1874, when he took a trip through Illinois and Iowa; he also visited Nebraska, and finally stopped in Kansas City, where he remained about one year. In 1883 he went to Wichita, Kansas, and there opened an office for the pur- pose of establishing himself as an architect; he had previously made a thorough study of the business, and during the phenomenal growth of Wichita, made an enviable reputa- tion. In the spring of 1887 he came to Dal- las, engaging in the same business, January 1, 1890, he formed his present business re- lations, which have been most advantaofeous He has furnished designs and estimates for the greater part of the fine buildings in Dal- las. The architecture of this city reflects great credit upon both architects and builders. Mr. Moad was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Pettigrew, March 4, 1875. Mrs. Moad was the daughter of Jason Pettigrew, one of the first settlers of Fannin county, Texas. He was an agriculturalist and was widely known through eastern Texas. He was a member of the Masonic fraternity, and was instrumental in establishins more lodges than any other one man during his time. He died in 1886, and his remains were laid to rest with all the honors of the order. Mrs. Moad died August 9, 1887, leaving her hus- band and one child, Buena Vista, born August 14, 1876. Mr. Moad was married a second time May 16, 1880, to Miss Gallic F. 682 HISrOkY OP DALLAS COUNTY. Smith, a friend and school-mate of his lirst wife, and a daughter of W. P. Smith, one of the pioneers of Fannin county. Mr. Moad is a member of Dallas Lodge No. 44, 1. O. O. F., and of Tannehill Lodge No. 52, A. F. & A. M. Politically, he afHliates with the iiepubliean party. He and Lis wife belong to the Cumberland Presby- terian Church, and cordially support those movements wliich are calculated to elevate the moral standard of the community. xMDREW B. KIRPY was born in Mon- roe county, Kentucky, June 30, 1839, son of John and Anna J. (Nelson) Kirby. His father was a native of Monroe county, Kentucky, born November 24, 1816, and his mother was also a native of that State, her birth occurring October 27, 1817. The senior Mr. Kirby was a farmer by occupation and owned land in Kentucky. Disposing of his interests tiiere, he moved to Texas in 1854 and settled in Dallas county on the last day of November. Here he bought 800 acres of land, improved it and lived on it for sixteen years. His death occurred on the 19th of July, 1870, at the age of fifty-four years. His wife died March 30, 1862, aged forty- live. They had seven ciiildren born to them, of whom Andrew B. the subject of our sketch, is the oldest. The others are Nancy A., now deceased, who was first married to James Cormack, and after his death to N. M. Ballard; Mary J., who died young; B. C, a resident of Bosque county, Texas; James W., also a resident of Hosque county; Julia C. became the wife of Zechel Hughes, and has since died; and Sarah T., wife of B. Toller. Andrew B. was sixteen years of age when his parents moved to Texas. He remained with his father until the war came on, when he entered the army, remaining in the ser- vice until hostilities ceased. A portion of the time, however, he was at home. He did not take much interest in the war, and says he never stood guard but one night. Althougli he was a Democrat, he was opposed to secess sion and did not vote for it in Texas; take- little interest in politics now. January 21, 1863, Mr. Kirby was united in marriage with Sarah A. Ballard, who was born in Kentucky, February 15, 1840, daugh- ter of Reuben and Eliza (Butler) Ballard. Her father was born August 4, 1807, and died November 13, 1887, aged eighty years. Her mother was born September 2, 1814, and died August 5, 1878, at the age of sixty-four. They moved to Texas in 1847 and settled in Dallas county, making the journey with wagons and being six weeks en route. Mrs. Kirby, being seven years of age at that time, remembers vividly the hardships they en- dured. Their whole diet at first was wild game. All their bread stuff had to be hauled from Paris. After they raised corn they ground their meal in a hand mill. The Bal- lard family consisted of the following named children: Neeley; Lucinda J., wife of Will- iam Ray; Lewis J.; Francis M. ; Sarah A., wife of Andrew B. Kirby; Thomas A. ;• Nancy E., wife of Alford Compton; Nathan B.; Lieuvicy, who was twice married and is now deceased, her first husband being Will- iam Miller, and her second, E. A. Stallcup; Martha J., who has been twice married, first to W, R. Compton, and after his death to W. A. Cautrell; and John B Glover and Reu- ben, deceased. Following is the issue from Mr. and Mrs. Kirby's union: Anna E., wife of G. W. Junes; Robert B., deceased; next, Alvin R., living; Lucinda, wife of J. F. Pot- HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. 683 ter; David T.; and William Rosco, deceased; and Lieuvicy, living. Mrs. Kirhy and her daughters are members of the Christian Church. At the time of his marriage Mr. Kirby owned 175 acres of land. On this he built a bouse, naoved to it, began improving bis land, and now has a fine farm. Reared in a new country where there were no schools, he was deprived of educational advantages. Roliti- cally he is a Democrat. Of Mr. Kirby's ancestors, it should be further stated that his grandfather, Robert Kirby, a descendant of an English family, was born in Virginia, and was on the battle- field at the surrender of Cornwallis, being then twelve years of age. An older brother of his served in the Revolutionary war for five years as a drummer boy. Mr. Kirby's grandmother, whose maideu name was McCoy, also witnessed the surrender of Cornwallis, and at that time became acquainted with Robert Kirby, to whom she was afterward married. The grandfather died when Mr. Kirby's father was eighteen years old, and the grandmother lived until after he was married. Robert Kirby and his wife moved to Kentucky soon after their marriage, and were prominent among the early pioneers of that State. ENJAMIN D. ATWELL, son of Ben- jamin A. and Ann (Dodson) Atwell, was born in 1842, in Anne Arundel county, Maryland. His father was born in that same county, in 1813, and remained there until 1845, when he removed ±o Trumbull county, Ohio. In 1850, he removed to Mad- ison, Wisconsin, remained there until 1890, and then came to Texas to pass the rest of his days with his son, the subject of this sketch. He was a caipenter by trade, whicli be followed until he went to Madison, Wis- consin. At that place he engaged in the mercantile business, which he continued for a period of about thirty years. He is a con- sistent and active member of the Methodist Episcopal Church; in politics, a Republican. Mr. Atwell's mother was born in 1817, at Washington, District of Columbia. She re- mained thei-e until her marriage, which event occurred in 1837, at the Rock Creek Church of that place. Following is the issue from their union: Their first-born died in infancy; Benjamin D. was the second; The third-born, William P., is at. present holding the posi- tion of United States Consul at Roubaix, France. He was first appointed under Pres- ident Arthur's administration, and served an entire term at Amsterdam; was again ap- pointed by President Harrison. He was a Captain in the regular army, but is on the retired list. He was educated in Madison, Wisconsin, and married Miss Fannie McNeal, daughter of General John McNeal. In 1864, he organized Company G, Thirty-seventh Wisconsin, and participated in several severe engagements. He lost his leg at Petersburg. After that he was transferred to the regular army, and when General Hancock organized what was known as the Invalid Corps, he was commissioned as Captain, which oflice he held until placed on the retired list. The fourth-born in the family was Joseph, and the fifth, Sarah, died in infancy. The subject of this sketch remained with his parents until he was nineteen years of age. In September, " 1861, he enlisted in Company G, First Berdan's Sharpshooters, serving until commissioned Adjutant, Thirt\'- sixtb Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, in Feb- ruary, 1864. He was wounded at the battle of Cold Harbor, Virginia, June 3, 1864, be- 684 HISTORY OF DALLAS COONTT. ing shot through the right shoulder. He was sent to the hospital at Washington, Dis- trict of Columbia. He returned to his reg- iment on the 23d of August, and on the 26th day of August, he was taken prisoner at Ream's Station on the Weldon railroad, was sent to Libby prison, kept there three months, and then paroled and sent to Annapolis, Mary- land, remaining until January 6, 1865, when he again joined his regiment in front of Petersburg, Virginia, and participated in the closing campaign of the Army of the Poto- mac in Virginia, and was present at the sur- rendeer of General Robert E. Lee to General Grant at Appomattox. He left the service as brevet Major. Is not a pensioner, from principle. In 1865, Mr. Atwell established a com- mercial college at Portage City, Wisconsin. He subsequently removed to Sparta, where he continued in the same business. From the latter place he moved to La Crosse, where he established a commercial college in the building formerly occupied by the celebrated Brick Pomeroy. This institution is at pres- ent in a very flourishing condition, having a yearly attendance of about 400. He re- moved to Texas in 1873, and located at Mes- quite, about ten miles east of Hutchins. Af- ter remaining there seven years, he moved to Hutchins, in which place he has since re- sided. On his arrival in Texas, he com- menced farming, and continued in that voca- tion until 1880. At that time he entered upon a mercantile life. Mr. Atwell has been twice married. In 1868, he wedded Miss Deema Hawley, of Jamestown, New York, who died in 1884. Pour children were the fruits of this union, viz.: William H., now practicing law in Dallas, Te.xas; Horton B., clerking for his father; and Fannie D. and Ida O., twins. His second wife, whom he married in 1887, was Miss Kate C. Simpson, a native of Sparta, Tennesseee. Her father was a Major in the Confederate service, and afterward Judge of the Circuit Court. Two children have been born to them, — Benjamin D. and Charles S. In politics, he is a stanch Republican. He is a member of the Masonic order, having received the Royal Arcli degree. His wife is a consistent member of the Christian Church. Mr Atwell began the battle of life with absolutely nothing, but by his industry he has gained enough to keep the wolf from the door. fOHN S. BURNS, farmer, Dallas county, Texas — .Mr. Burns, a progressive farmer of Dallas county, Texas, and a much es- teemed citizen of the same, comes of good old Virginia stock; his parents, John and Mary V. (Cancade) Burns, being natives of that State, the father born in Bath county, in 1802, and the mother in 1807. In politics, the elder Burns afKliated with the Dem- ocratic party, and he is a worthy member of the Presbyterian Chnrch. He is still living, and is a resident of his native county. The mother was also an active member of that chui'ch, and was honored and revered by all who knew her. Mr. and Mrs. Burns were married in 1827, and the fruits of this union were the following children: Lewis F., resides in Bath county, Virginia; Persley F., resides in the same county; Melvina G., is the wife of C. G. Miller; James A., in Vir- ginia; John S.; Tilitsou F., in Virginia; and Newton A., also a resident of Virginia. The paternal grandfather was also a native of the Old Dominion. John S. Burns was born in Virginia, in 1843, and remained under BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 685 the parental roof until tin breaking out of the war, when he enlisted in the Eleventh Virginia Cavalry, and participated in a num- ber of the principal engagements, — Gettys- burg and the Wilderness. He was wounded by a shell and taken to the hospital, but did not remain there long. He served until the close of the war and surrendered at Appo- mattox. Coming to Texas after cessation of hostilities, he first located on Ten Mile creek, where he remained until 1880, when he re- turned to his native State. Four months la- ter, he came back to the Lone Star State, and settled in Dallas county, where he has since resided. In 1872, he was married to Miss Alice U. Ross, who was born in West Vir- ginia, in 1853, and who came to Texas with her parents in 1866. Eight children were born to this union, who are named as follows: Josie M., Johnny (deceased), William L., Cora (deceased), Mary V., Etta B., Leslie L. and Ocie R. Mr. Burns is a selt-made man, for when he first landed in Texas he had but §10. He is now the owner of a well im- proved farm of 150 acres, has it well stocked, and his reputation for honorable dealing is not excelled by any man. -^ 34- fOHN HUGHES COCHRAN, who has been a resident of Texas since his early childhood, is the subject of the follow- ing sketch. As he reached tlie age of ma- turity he became so closely identitied with the history of Dallas county that this record would not be complete without a review of his personal career. He was born in Colum- bia, Maury county, Tennessee, June 28, 1838 John Cochran, his grandfather, was an Irish gentleman, and he married Margaret McClanahan, whose ancestors were from Scot- 46 land. They resided in Abbeville district, South Carolina, where the grandfather died. The father of our subject was born in Abbe- ville district in 1807, and removed with his widowed mother to Maury county, Tennes- see. There he married Nancy J. Hughes, in 1837. She wa6 a native of Virginia, and had removed to Tennessee with her parents. When John H. was three years of age they removed to Texas, and settled at the place now known as Farmers' Branch, Dallas county. Mr. Cochran broke the first sod that was ever turned for a field in Dallas county, in 1843. When the county was or- ganized in 1846 he was elected the first Clerk, and in August, 1847, he was sent to the Legislature of the State of Texas. He took a leading part in the deliberations of that body, and gained a wide reputation for his wisdom and excellent judgment in the for- mation of the laws of the new country which he was assisting to develop. He died April 24, 1853. His widow, a pious and resolute woman, took charge of the family of six chil- dren, and reared them to honorable manhood and womanhood. John H. is the oldest of the children. He was graduated with high honors from McKenzie Institute, Red River county, Texas, and in 1858-'5'J served as a member of the faculty. In 1860 he went to Young county, and took the census of that year. Also this year he commanded a com- pany of Texas Rangers, under Governor Sam Houston. Upon the declaration of war between the North and South he enlisted in Company C, Sixth Texas Cavalry, and served from Sept- ember, 1861, to June, 1862. He did valiant service in the cause he had espoused, but on account of ill-health he was obliged to resign. He returned to his home, and in 1862 was elected Assessor and Collector of Dallas 680 ni8T0R7 OF DALLAS COUNTY. county. After his term of office had expired he went to the frontier, meeting with many adventures and narrow escapes from death. He was one time attacked by the Indians, and with two comrades made a brave defense; tliey repelled the attack, Init witnessed the horrible butchery of many of their neighbors who failed to reach the shelter. A short period of these harrowing experiences suf- ficed, and he returned to Dallas county. The people of the county testified to the conlidence which they reposed in Mr. Coch- ran by electing him to represent them in the fourteenth, fifteenth and sixteenth Sessions of tlie Legislature. He was Speaker of the last named Assembly, and in 1882 he vas re-elected to the eighteenth session, and in 1890, to the twenty-second session. During the fifteenth Assembly he was Chairman of the Committee on Taxation and Revenue, and really formed the laws known as the Tax Laws, which raised the credit of the State from lifty cents to par. During his long career as a legislator no suspicion of trickery has ever been cast upon him, and he is re- garded as above chicanery. He is able, con- scientious and fearless in the discharge of his duty. There has been no better Representa- tive in the House in the past twenty years. He was appointed Postmaster of Dallas by President Cleveland, and served with much credit for four years, two months and two days. It was while he was in otfice that the city made its moat rapid growth, and the mails were handled with a promptness and accur- acy that challenged the admiration of all parties. For twenty-five years he has been a member of the Masonic fraternity, and he is also a Knight of Honor. He belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church, and is a liberal supporter of the society. Mr. Cochran was married June 20, 1860, to Miss Martha Jane Johnson, of Young county, Texas. Six children were born to this union. The two elder sons, William R. and James A., died just as they had attained manhood. They were bright, promising youths, an honor to their parents and a credit to the community in which they were reared. ^ ^ fACK SCOTT has been identified with the interests of Dallas county, Texas, for more than two decades, and it is fitting that biographical mention of him should be made in this work. He was born in Brown county, Ohio, Au- gust 28, 1837, son of Taylor and Susan (Compton) Scott, natives of Ohio. Grand- father John Scott came from England to Ohio at an early day. He, in company with Cap- tain Massey, surveyed a part of that State for the Government, and in return for his services received a large tract of wild land. He died in Ohio at an advanced age. Taylor Scott lived to be eighty-four years old, and died near his old home in Ohio. Susan Scott is a daughter of Richard Compton, who came from Virginia to Kentucky in early times, subsequently locating on Government land in Ohio, where he passed the rest of his days. Grandfather Scott served during the war of 1812, and Grandfather Compton was a Revo- lutionary soldier. Mrs. Scott still resides in Ohio, having reached the advanced age of eighty- six years. Eleven of their twelve chil- dren grew to adult years, and eight are still living. The subject of our sketch was reared on a farm and received his education in the com- mon schools. At the age of eighteen years he started out in life for himself; went to the HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTr. 687 Territory of Nebraska, and there engaged in farminc and afterward in the stock business. In 1869 he came to Texas and located in Dallas county, near where he now resides. He lirst engrao-ed in the manufacture of shingles, wliich he continued for three years, and then turned his attention to agricultural pursuits. He subsequently became associated in business witli the tirm of A. W. Littlehale & Bro., of Dallas, remaining thus engaged tliree years. After that he returned to farm- ing and gardening, which he has since fol- lowed. He has sixteen and a half acres of land located a mile and a half from Dallas. Mr. Scott was married in 1862 to Miss Mary Elizabeth Penny, a native of Indiana, and a daughter of Wesley Penny, also a native of that State. This union was blessed with one child, Rillie, now the wife of Eman- uel Sontare, of Dallas county. The young wife and mother passed away the year follow- ing her marriage, 1863. In January, 1869, before leaving Nebraska, Mr. Scott wedded Emmie Baker, a native of Michigan, daughter of Dr. Calvin Baker, who removed from that State to Nebraska. By this marriage six children were born, of whom four are living, namely: Andrew, Minnie, Ida and Emmie. Mrs. Scott departed this life April 30, 1885. During the late war Mr. Scott served as a Captain in the State Guards, under Governor Davis' administration. He is a member of the Farmers' Alliance. fAMES W. WRIGHT, M. D., deceased, was born near Nashville, Tennessee, Febrnary 4, 1825, son of Thomas and Martha A. (Tate) Wright, who were of Eng- lish and Irish ancestry. He was reared on a arm and when he reached his majority enlisted as a soldier in the Mexican war; par- ticipated in some of the prominent battles, and remained in service one year, the term of his enlistment. He then returned to his home in Tennessee and began the study of medicine, under the preceptorship of Dr. Etherly, of Green Hill, Wilson county, that State. He took his first course of lectures in Louisville during the winter of 1849-'50, and graduated at the medical college of Nash- ville, Tennessee, in 1860. Soon after his return from the Mexican war Dr. Wright was married, October 28, 1848, to Miss Lucy C. Brooks, a native of Davidson county, Tennessee, and a daughter of Moses T. and Nancy (Tate) Brooks. In the fall of 1850 they emigrated to Texas, making the journey with horse teams and being six weeks on the road. At that time Dallas had but two stores and a few log houses. The Doctor's father had purchased a tract of wild land and they settled on a portion of it, five miles north of Dallas, on Five Mile creek. He began improving the land and at the same time established himself himself in a medical practice. His profes- sional duties often called him many miles away, and the life of a young practitioner, riding horseback over new country, without roads or bridges, was by no means an easy one. He practiced here until the fall of 1860, when he returned to Tennessee and completed his medical course, as before stated. In 1861 he came back to Texas and bought 100 acres of land in Dallas county, near where Oak Cliff now stands, and, in connec- tion with his partner, engaged in farming to some extent. During the late war he served as surgeon on board the Melissa. To Dr. Wrio-ht and his wife six children were born, viz.: Martha A., who died at the age of five years; Sarah W. E., who became C88 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. the wife of William P. Pollerd, died Septem- ber 27, 1876, leaving three children; James B.; Mary J., wife of David E. CofEman, of Taylor county, Texas; Jesse, at home; and Kattie T., wife of Otis D. Brittan. Dr. Wright's death occurred on tlie 5th of Oc- tober, 1882. He was a member of the A., F. & A. M., and was well and favorably known throughout Dallas county. Mrs. Wright continued to reside on the old home- stead until March, 1891, when she moved to Dallas. She is a member of the Baptist Church. fAMES G. GAKVm, a prominent and early pioneer of Dallas county, was born in Howard county, Missouri, in 1830, the eldest of seven children born to Stephen H. and Jeanette (Brooks) Garvin, natives of Kentucky. The father moved to Missouri when a young man, and remained in Howard county until his death, which occurred in 1875; the mother now resides in Randolph county, Missouri, at the advanced age of ninety- five years. James G. was reared to farm life and edu- cated in the subscription schools of Howard county. In 1861 he enlisted in Colonel Nat. M. Burford's regiment, and was in the bat- tle of Wilson's creek, then served under Col- onel David Williams, was under General Price on the Missouri raid, and next at Fay- etteville, Arkansas. He served until the close of the war and was discharged at Shreveport, after which he went to Randolph county, Missouri, and in a short time came with his family to Dallas county, Te.xa8. He bought 200 acres of partly improved land, where he built a good house and has now 125 acres under a tine state of cultivation. Mr. Garvin resided in the city of Dallas six years, where he was engaged in the grocery and feed busi- ness on Ross avenue. He still owns the store and also has live residences on San Jacinto and McCoy streets, which he rents. He takes an active interest in the Democratic party, is a member of the Bryant Street Christian Church, and is always active in church work. Mr. Garvin was married in Randolph county, Missouri, January 10, 1850, to Cath- erine A. Tompkins, a native of Missouri and daughter of William Tompkins, a native of Kentucky. Mr. Garvin lost his wife October 13, 1875, at St. Louis, Missouri, and they had five children, viz.: William, a farmer of Rockwall county, Texas; Laura, now Mrs. W. C. Harvey, of Vernon, this State; Mar- tha, who married J. T. Sims, of Dallas county, and died September 8, 1883; Min- erva, wife of John Runkle, of Rockwall county; Robert E., of Shackelford county, Texas; and Joseph. Mr. Garvin was again married, in 1876, to MoUie Hedrick, a native of Mississippi and daughter of John Hedrick, a resident of Denton county, Texas. She died of consumption in Dallas county in 1878, and in 1879 Mr. Garvin married Lulu Smith, a native of Tennessee and daughter of Mr. Smith, who died some years ago in this county. This wife died in 1882, leaving one child, Lulu. In 1888 Mr. Garvin married Ann Eliza Haines, a native of Tennessee. Her father died in that State, and the mother is still living in Hardeman county. -^■^lyxrUb— Z'tnn^^ ARCUS De la FAYETTE GRA- CEY, a pioneer farmer of Dallas county, was born in Bond county, Illinois, October 22, 1831, a son of William and Harriet Isabella (Harris) Gracey, natives of North Carolina. The parents were reared in HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNT F. Tennessee, but later emigrated to Illinois, in the early settlement of that State, where the father engaged in farming. They reared a family of eight children, and the father died in Illinois in October, 1842; the mother, March 4, 1841. Marcus, our subject, was eleven years of age when his father died, after which he lived with an uncle until he came to Texas, in September, 1846. He came with his brother-in-law, in a two-horse wagon, and was six weeks and four days making the trip, landing at Coffey's Bend. They crossed the Ked river, and lived in a tent four weeks, or until they could build a cabin. Mr. Gracey assisted in improving his brother-in-law's farm, and then worked for a family by the name of Norboe, at farm work. December 24, 1854, he located 320 acres of land one- half mile from where Lisbon now stands, where he built a log house, 16x18 feet, and he has since added to his original purchase until he now owns 500 acres, all of which is under a high state of cultivation. Mr. Gracey was married September 7, 1854, to Miss Amanda E. Harris, a native of Warren county, Kentucky, and a daughter of Thomas H. and Martha E. (Skies) Hari-is. The parents were married in Kentucky, but in November, 1852, they located in Texas. Mr. and Mrs. Gracey have had ten children, eight of whom survive, viz.: William T., a farmer and stock-raiser of Stephens county; Mary B., wife of David A. Yokley, a slock- raiser of Palo Pinto county; Robert R., a stock-raiser of Stephens county; Joseph S., a stock raiser of Clay county; Albert Sidney, also of Clay county; George Henry, a stock- raiser of Stephens county; Lucy and Cora. Mr. and Mrs. Gracey are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. Politi- cally, he is a Democrat, and socially, a mem- ber of the A. F. & A. M., having joined the order in 1852; was Treasurer of the Masonic lodge. No. 52, for many years; is a member of the Dallas Chapter, and also of the Royal Arch. He is a self-made man, and by his own industry and economy has accumulated property, and by his many years of upright dealings has won the confidence and esteem of all who know him. fESSE H. PEACOCK, liveryman, Lan- caster, Texas. — There are few enterprises that contribute to the convenience of the residential and transient public more than the well appointed livery stable, and foremost among those who have been successful in this business is Mr. Peacock. His father, A. W. Peacock, was born in the Keystone State, but moved from there to Pope county, Ar- kansas, where his death occurred in 1852. He was married in 1841, to Miss Lucy How- ell, a native of Tennessee and the daughter of Jesse Howell. Socially, Mr. Peacock was a member of the Masonic order, and in his religious views he was a Presbyterian. The five children born to this union are named in the order of their births as follows: Lorenzo Q., died in 1852; Nancy, died in 1852; Thomas A., was accidentally shot and killed in 1865; Mattie, died in 1888: she was the wife of John Rawlins, a resident of Dallas county, Texas; and J esse H. The last named was born October 27, 1849, in Pope county, Arkansas, and he there remained with his mother until the time of her death, which occurred in 1857. He then made his home with his uncle, II. A. Howell, a merchant of Dardanelle, Yell county, Arkansas, with whom he remained until 1860, after which he came to Dallas county, Texas. Here he 690 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. resided with another uncle, Thomas A. How- ell, until sixteen years of a^je, when he started out to light life's battles for himself. He first engaged in cattle-driving, and later freighted for about three years. After this he rented a farm about four miles west of Lancaster, continued there about four years, and tlien moved to that town, where he con- ducted a livery barn for some time. He was elected constable, served in that capacity for about six years, and then bought a farm, on which he resided one year. Since then he has been a resident of Lancaster, and, in company with E. S. Guy, carries on a livery barn. In the year 1877 Mr. Peacock was married to Miss Mary E. Guy, who was born January 22, 1850, and who is a daughter of Eobert S. and Emily (Green) Guy. Mr. ^Peacock is a man of sterling integrity and good business ability. Mrs. Peacock's grand- father, John Guy, was a native of Ireland, came to America when sixteen years of age, located first in Virginia, but subsequently moved to Callaway county, Missouri, where his death occurred in 1855. He was an active member of the Presbyterian Church for many years and was an Elder in the same. In 1819 he was married to Miss Mary C. Baskin, a daughter of John and Elizabeth Baskin, and the fruits of tiiis union were eleven children, seven daughters and four sons. Of this family Robert Smith Guy (father of Mrs. Peacock) was the eldest. He was born in Augusta county, Virginia, but moved with his parents to Callaway county, Missouri, where he remained until 1852. Although his advantages for receiving an education were not of the best, by close application and observation he became well informed, and at an early age began the study of law. In 1846 he married Miss E. Green, a native of Missouri, born in 1825 and the daughter of John and Elizabeth (Proctor) Green, natives of Kentucky. After his mar- riage Mr. Guy first embarked in farming, continued this one year, and then began teaching school, but at the same time contin- ued the study of law. Soon after coming to the Lone Star State he was admitted to the bar, but for some time after his admission he continued to teach. However, his prac- tice grew to such proportions that he was compelled to abandon teaching and give his entire attention to his profession, becoming one of the most successful jury lawyers of his district. In 1861 he organized Company F, and joined Colonel Stone's regiment, with which he served one year, when he was obliged to resign on account of ill health. He afterward re-enlisted and served in the Quartermaster Department until the close of hostilities. In politics he was a Democrat, and the esteem in which he was held by his party was evinced by his being elected Sena- tor from his district two successive terms. He was a member of the Masonic order, and a liberal supporter of the church. To Mr. and Mrs. Guy were born three children: William W., died in Camp Washington, Ar- kansas, during the war; M. E., wife of our subject; and Edward S., born in 1853, and married March 8, 1876, to Miss Sallie B. Lacy, a native of Ellis county, Texas. He is a member of the firm of Peacock & Guy. fC. KEARB Y, attorney, Dallas, Texas.— A history of the prominent men of ® Dallas county would be incomplete without mention of the subject of this sketch, J. C. Kearby, who is one ot the able at- torneys of the county. He owes his nativity to Clark county, Arkansas, his birtli occur- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 691 ring in Arkaclelpliia, in 1848, and was the eldest of three children born to Dr. E. P. and Mary (Peyton) Kearby, natives respect- ively of Kentucky and Virginia. When a young man the father emigrated to Hot Springs county, Arkansas (1840), was mar- ried there, and there practiced medicine. In 1857 he came to Denton county, Texas, and followed his profession for some time, and later moved to Van Zandt county. Texas. He is now a resident of Rains county, Texas. The mother died in Hot Springs county, Arkansas. J. C. Kearby was reared in the Lone Star State, and educated in the sub- scription schools of Denton county. In 1861 he enlisted in Denton county, in Captain O. G. "Welch's Company, Cooper's Regiment, and later was in Charles De Moss' Regiment, Twenty-ninth Texas Cavalry. He enlisted for twelve months and, at the expiration of his term of service, re-enlisted for the re- mainder of the war. He was in the battles in Indian Territory, was afterward at Elk- horn, Cabin creek, Honey creek, Poison Springs, Mansfield, and he was also in the Red River expedition. At the close of hos- tilities Mr. Kearby returned to Denton and began reading law with Judge Waddle, of McKinney, continuing with him until the latter's death, which occurred in 1867. He then finished reading law with Colonel Welch, of Denton, and was admitted to the bar in 1869, after which he at once com- menced practicing and has been doing an ex- tensive court practice throughout the State. He began at Van Zandt, where he remained until 1874, and then came to Dallas. While in Van Zandt, or in 1871, he was married to Miss Lula Robinson, a jnative of Alabama, and the daughter of J. M. and Elizabeth (0"Hara) Robinson, natives of Alabama. In 1866 Mr. Robinson and family moved to Van Zandt county, Texas, where he followed farming until his death in 1880. The mother died eight years later. Mr. and Mrs. Kearby are the parents of four children: Victor P., reading law at Van Zandt; Maud, Jay and Fay. Mr. Kearby takes quite an active interest in politics and votes independently. He endorsed the Greenback movement, and in 1888 was that party's candidate for Congress. Socially he is a member of the Masonic fraternity. Mrs. Kearby and children are members of the Congregational Church. ^ ^m ^ AMUEL HUN NIC UTT, of Dallas county, was born five miles east of the city of Dallas, February 26, 1848, a son of William C. Hunnicutt, one of the early pioneers of the State. He is a native of Illinois, but came to Texas in 1846, where he bought and improved land on White Rock creek, and there resided until his death in September, 1868. Samuel was reared on this farm, spending most of liis time raising stock. In the spring of 1863 he joined Colonel Burford's Nineteenth Texas Cavalry, Company B, and while in the service he was mostly engaged in detached duty. He was engaged in the raid down Red river when Colonel Banks was forced back into Louisiana, and the following spring he re- turtied home and resumed work on the farm. Mr. Hunnicutt lived near where his father had settled until three years ago, when, on account of the advantages of school facilities, he bought property in Cedar Hill, where he is now one of the most important stock dealers of the county feeding and shipping several thousand head yearly. He shipped this season some of the best grades of cattle 693 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. ever shipped from this section of the county. He has property in the city of Dallas and Oak Cliff, beside his home in Cedar Hill, and he has by fair dealings with his fellow- men won their conlidence to that extent that his word is as good as his bond. IT) Mr. Hunniciitt was married March 5, 1868, to Miss Fannie M., a daughter of Mil- ton Merrifield, a native of Kentucky, and an early settler of this county. Mr. and Mrs. Hnniiicutt are the parents of live children: Nannie Lue, Jack, Julia, Fannie and Samuel. fAMES B. BRYAN, a farmer of Dallas county, was born in Harrison county, Texas, September 28, 1844, a son of J. B. Bryan. The latter moved to Dallas county in 1846, and opened the first hotel in the then small village where the city of Dal- las now stands. He lived here eight years, and then went to California, where he died. He was a native of Tennessee, and a brother of John Neely Bryan, who built the first cabin where the city of Dallas now stands. James B., our subject has made farming his principal occupation through life, and re- ceived his education in the common schools. He entered the Confederate service in Col- onel Lane's Begiment, Company A, in the spring of 1862, and was in active service until just before the close of the war, when he was discharged on account of his eyes. He was in the battle of Prairie Grove, also at Van Buren, Arkansas, and after his return home he resuineil work on the farm. He has gained by his economical living and hard work a good home of 110 acres of line land, which he has well improved, and also has property in the city of Oak Cliff. He is a consistent member of the Methodist Episco- pal Church South, at Cedar Hill, and by his upright dealings has won the confidence of all who know him. Mr. Bryan was married August 18, 1870, to Miss Susan E., a daughter of Milton Mer- ritield, a native of Kentucky. By this union there are seven living children: John A., Effie L., Maggie L., Walter S., Arthur C, Susie £. and Samuel C. -^^^y\n/h' -q/l/m.^^ F. MITCHEL, 214 Houston street, iH^ Dallas, is a farmer of Dallas county, ® and has been identitied with its inter- ests since 1873. Mr. Mitchel was born in Montgomery county, Alabama, November 16, 1833, a son of Daniel and Elizabeth (Lawrence) Mitchel, the former a native of Georgia. His grand- parents were of Irish ancestry, and settled in Alabama when his father was ten or twelve years old. The mother was born in South Carolina, but was reared in Alabama. B. 1*\ Mitchel grew up on a farm and received his education in the common schools. He re- sided with his parents imtil he reached his majority, after which he worked at the car- penter's trade, building gin houses and presses and running-gears, etc., and was thus employed until he came to Texas. At the breaking out of the late war, he enlisted, in January, 1862, in Captain Glasco's Company, or Hillard's Legion, and was in East Tennes- see and Virginia, serving on signal duty one year. He participated in the battle of Peters- burg, Virginia, on the evening of June 17, 1864. At the close of the war he returned to Alabama and continued work at his trade. Coming to Texas in 1873, he located on a farm about live miles south of Dallas, and remained there until 1878. He was married, September 3, 1878, to Mrs. Alzadia Jackson, BISTORT OF n^iLLAS COUNTY. 693 widow of J. R. Jackson, and daughter of Rich- ard Manlding. She was born in Texas and reared in this county. After his marriage, Mr. Mitche! lived in Wise county two years. He then purchased of the U. L. Lennard head- right ses'enty-tive and three-fourth acres, and here he has since been engao;ed in farm- ing. He and his wife are the parents of four children: Susan Maud, John Presley, James Jefferson and P'rank. By her former mar- riage, Mrs. Mitchel has two children. Lava and Ollie May. She is a member of the Christian Church. In politics, Mr. Mitchel affiliates with the Democratic party. -^■^uxnjir- ~^^ ■^l/znn^^ W. HOUSTON.— This gentleman, a farmer and stock-raiser, residing in f® Rrecinct No. 5, Dallas county, Texas, postoffice Ka, was born in Madison county, Tennessee, July 6, 1831, a son of Martin P. and Eliza Drucila (G-arnett) Houston. The Houston family were among the early set- tlers of North Carolina, and were of Irish ancestry, while the (iarnetts were also of North Carolina, and were of "Welsh descent. His parents were reared in North Carolina and there married. At an early day they re- moved to Tennessee where they passed the rest of their lives. Mr. Houston grew up on tiie farm. He was the third-born in a family of nine chil- dren, and when he was twelve years old his father died. The father's death was followed soon afterward by that of the oldest son and daughter, thus leaving the care of the mother and younger children on him. February 8, 1853, he was united in rnarriage with Miss Mary A. Jordan, a native of Tennessee, and a daughter of A. J. and Martha (Useny) Jordan, her people also having gone to Ten- nessee from North Carolina. In 1856 Mr. Houston and his wife came to Texas and located in Rusk county, where he followed farming until 1860. Then he re- moved to Wise county, this State, and until the war broke out was there engaged in the live-stock business. Moving his family back to Rusk county in the fall of 1861, he left them and entered the army. He enlisted in Company C, Colonel Norris's regiment, and served on the frontier of Texas, from the Red river to the Colorado. In 1863 they were reorganized into Colonel J. S. McCoy's regi- ment, and served on the frontier until the close of the war. After the war Mr. Houston engaged in freighting from Rusk county to Shrevesport, Louisiana, until 1871, when he came to Dal- las county. He took up his abode here in June of that year, and for three years rented land, after which he purchased his present farm. His home place comprises 220 acres, and besides this he owns a farm of 100 acres, all improved land and in a high state of cul- tivation. Mr. and Mrs. Houston are the parents of eleven children, all living, namely: Mary Laura, Salenia Jane, Amanda, Martha, James, Samuel, Henry W., Alice, Lyda, Bettie and Emma D. Mr. Houston is a member of tlie A. F. & A. M., Lancaster Lodge, No. 160, and also of the Chapter. His wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. ILLIS W. ROBERSON, a farmer of Dallas county, was born in Bienville parish, Louisiana, September 14, 1852, a son of Lewis and Rachel (Andrews) Roberson. The father was a native of Ala- bama, but moved to Louisiana, where he died, September 28, 1862. The parents had 694 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. six children, viz.: Willis, our subject; Will- iam, a resident of Van Zandt county; Lu- cinda, who died when young; Xaucy, wife of Jackson H. Creagle; and Green, also a resi- dent of Van Zandt county. After the death of the father the mother married James Darby, in May, 1869. Willis W. lived with his mother until twenty years of age, after which he rented land three years, and later bought a farm of 175 acres of partly improved land. He now has this place under a good state of cultiva- tion, and also has a good liousc and barns. He was a poor boy when he commenced life for himself, but he has attended strictly to business, and now he can truly say the wolf has been driven from the door. Mr. Kobersou was married in 1872, to Miss Georgia Florence, who was born December 17, 1855. (For history of Mrs. Roberson's family see sketch of D. Florence.) Mr. and Mrs. Roberson have had three children, viz.: David, born February 15, 1875; Julia, Octo- ber 29, 1878; and Ella, August 26, 1890. Both parents are members of the Baptist Church. iANIEL TITTERINGTON, farmer and stock-raiser, 214 Houston street, Dallas, Texas, is one of the prominent citizens of Dallas county, and has been identified with its interests since July 19, 1859. Mr. Titterington is a native of Kentucky, born in Christian county, May 28, 1828. His father, Adam Titterington, was born in Ireland, spent his early boyhood days in the north of England, and at the age of twelve years caine to America, landing in the United States a stranger and alone. He went to the mountains of Pennsylvania and was employed in herding hogs, using his leisure moments for study and thus obtaining a fair educa- tion; finally drifted into Kentucky, where he lived for many years teaching school and farming. He was married in Cumberland county, Kentucky, to Miss Catherine Smith, daughter of a Revolutionary soldier who fought under Washington, and who lived to be over 100 years old, dying in Kentucky. Her death occurred in 1837, and Mr. Titter- ington subsequently wedded her sister, who died in 1868. By his first wife he had eleven children, and by his second, two, the subject of our sketch being the fifth son and the ninth child, and being nine years old when his mother died. Adam Titterington died in 1856, aged seventy-three years. Daniel was reared on the farm and edu- cated under the tutorship of his father. He remained at home until eighteen years of age, when he began to learn the wagon and carriage-making trade, and served one year. About this time the California gold fever broke out, and, like many another ambitious youth eager for adventure and wealth, he left his trade and crossed the plains to the new El Dorado of the West, making the journey with ox teams and landing in Sacramento September 15, 1852. He was successfully engaged in mining and lumbering there until 1858, when he returned East and the follow- ing year located in Dallas county, Texas. During the late war he enlisted in Company I, Thirtieth Texas Mounted Troops, and served in the Indian Nation and in Arkansas until the close of that sanguinary struggle, after which he returned to Dallas county and continued his stock-raising and agricultural pursuits. To his first purchase, 341i acres, he has since added other lands and is now the owner of 1,301^ acres. Mr. Titterington was married in 1862 to Miss Catherine Bentley, a native of Danville, HISrORT OP DALLAS COUNTY. 695 Kentucky, daughter of James M. and Amanda (Carpenter) Bentley, natives of Kentucky, who came to Texas in 1852. They are the parents of three children: George A., of Paris, Texas; Dr. James II., a graduate of Bellevue Medical College, New York; and Jesse B., Dallas. Mr. Titterington is a self-made man. His present position of prominence and affluence is due to his own industry. He is a man of good judgment and sound business principles. Politically, he affiliates with the Democratic party. He is a member of the A. F. & A. M., Tannehill Lodge, and of the Dallas Chapter. Mrs. Titterington is a member of the Chris- tian Church. fOSEPH O. RICKETTS.— The subject of this sketch has been identified with the interests of Dallas county, Texas, since 1847. A brief biography of him is as fol- lows: Joseph O. Ricketts was born in Warren county, Kentucky, December 16, 1832, a son of Zedekiah and Margaret (Dews) Ricketts. His father was born and reared in Maryland, and in Virginia was married, Mrs. Ricketts being a native of the latter State. After his marriage he moved to Kentucky, where he engaged in farming, continuing there until 1847, when he came to Texas, landing in Dallas county on the 5th of April. He came to Shreveport, Louisiana, by water, thence to Dallas by wagon. He located a headright ten miles south of Dallas, improved the prop- erty and lived thei-e until June 10, 1856, when his death occurred, at the age of sixty- three years. His wife died in 1878, aged eighty-two. They reared a family of eight children, three of whom still survive. This worthy couple were members of the Chris- tian Church, and were held in high esteem in the community where they resided. The subject of this sketch was reared on a farm and received his education in the sub- scription schools. He was fifteen years old when the family came to Texas. Here he assisted in improving their frontier farm, and continued to reside on the old homestead until after his mother's death. He was married September 27, 1876, to Miss Mary Ann Hustead, who was born in Clark county, Illinois, a daughter of Harrison and Pru- dence (Bartlett) Hustead. Her parents were natives of West Virginia. They went from there to Illinois, where they lived several years, and in 1845 came to Texas and settled on Duck creek, in Dallas county, having a homestead of 640 acres. Mr. Hustead after- ward moved to the vicinity of Lisbon, and here spent the rest of his days, and died in 1852. After his marriage, Mr. Ricketts took his bride to the old homestead and lived there until 1884. That year he purchased his present property, twenty acres, where he has one of the most beautiful and attractive homes in the county. He is a member and an Elder in the Christian Church, and his wife is a Baptist. During the war Mr. Ricketts was in the Thirty-first Cavalry and served in Arkansas and Louisiana, participating in the battles of Prairie Grove, Mansfield and Pleasant Hill, and serving until hostilities ceased. tW. WINTERS has been identified with the interests of Dallas county since * 1867. He is a native of Tennessee, born near Nashville, August 6, 1816, a son of Moses and Elizabeth (Pool) Winters. His father was a native of Tennessee and served 696 HISTUBT OF DALLAS COUNTY. as a soldier under General Jackson in the war of 1812. His crrandfather Winters was born in Englaud and was probably married in France, as his wife was a native of that country, and they caiue to this country pre- vious to the Revolutionary war, settling in Tennessee. The mother of our subject was a native of Georgia. Her father, Ephraim Pool, a Baptist minister, was a pioneer of Tennessee and a Revolutionary soldier. He was wounded in that war. When L. W. Winters was eleven years old the family moved to Illinois and located in St. Clair county. After living there four years they moved to Missouri, moving in 1832 and on the day that General Jackson was elected President. They settled in what was then Greene county, and there the father continued his farming operations. In their family were eleven children. L. W. was the fifth born and is the only surviving member. The father died in Missouri, at the age of sixty-six years, and the mother at about the age of sixty. His father, a farmer, Mr. Winters was reared in the rural districts of Tennessee, Illinois and Missouri, and he resided with his parents until he was twenty-five years old. He was married in 1840, to Miss Emily Campbell, a native of Vermilion county, In- diana. She went to Missouri with her brother- in-law. By this union nine children were born, six lived to be grown and three still survive. Their nanies are as follows: Will- iam G. ; Elizabeth S., deceased; Emily, de- ceased; Steven L., who was killed in the army; Fanny, Thomas L. ; Louis, deceased; Joshua, deceased; and Stephen Campbell. In 1868 Mr. Winters came to Texas and settled near Lisbon, where he engaged in farming. His wife died in 1871. In Jan- uary, 1873, he married Zebie Ann McIIenry. Her maiden name was Jackson and she is a daughter of Jerry and Susan (Rice) Jackson. She came to Dallas county in 1861. By her former marriage she had five children, only one of whom is now living: Sidney McHenry. Mr. Winters owns 150 acres of land in Dallas county and eighty acres in Eastland county, this State. His home is near Oak Cliff, and he is regarded as one of the suc- cessful farmers and stock-raisers of his vi- cinity. Politically, he is a Democrat. Mrs. Winters is a member of the Methodist Epis- copal Church. fOHN SIMPSON, a farmer and stock- raiser of Dallas county, postoffice Lis- bon, is a native of Ireland. He was born in county Meath, August 6, 1822, son of William and Jane (Shackleton) Simpson. When he was sixteen years old his father died, and three years later his mother passed away. The homestead in Ireland has been for many generations, and is to-day occupied by the Simpson family. After the death of his parents, the subject of our sketch settled on one of the farms that his father had rented and remained on it until he emigrated to America in the fall of 1849. In March, 1849, Mr. Simpson was married to Miss Margaret Ann Cox, a native of county Monaghan, Ireland, and a daughter of Will- iam and Sally (Young) Cox. Their voyage to New York comprised forty-five days, and from there they went directly West to Mar- quette county, Wisconsin, where Mr. Simp- son entered a tract of Government land. He improved that property and resided there un- til 1858, the year he came to Dallas county, Texas. Here he purcha.sed a partially iin- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 697 proved farm of 340 acres, which he continued to improve and from time to time added to until he had a landed estate of 1,600 acres. His beautiful and attractive home, surrounded with shade and ornamental trees, is situated eight miles south of Dallas. Mr. and Mrs. Simpson have had seven chil- dren, viz.: Sally Jane, wife of John Gillis- pey, of Johnson county, Texas; William, who died October 27, 1886, at the age of thirty- five years; Robert Y., John, Margaret Ann, Ellen and Joseph. 4^ ^ M. BRADFORD, Postmaster of Mc- Nairy, Dallas county, Texas, has been ' a resident of this county since March, 1860. For many years he was engaged in agricultural pursuits, but is now retired from the active duties of farm life. Mr. Bradford dates his birth in Bedford county, Tennessee, February 26, 1815. His father, Theodrick F. Bradford, was born in Virginia, of English ancestry and a descend- ant of Governor Bradford who came to this country with the Pilgrims. His mother was a native of Tennessee, her ancestors having been residents of South Carolina. Reared on the farm and educated in the subscription schools of the period, Mr. Brad- ford remained with his parents until he was twenty-three years of age. He was married April 3, 1838, to Miss Charlotte Jones, wlio was born in Boston, Massachusetts, January 81, 1819, daughter of Charles Jones by his marriage with a Miss Lucus, people of Eng- lish descent. He soon afterward moved to Chariton county, Missouri, where he was en- gaged in fanning for some years, subse- quently moving to St. Louis, where for ten years he acted as deputy sheriff. In the spring of 1860 he came to Texas and settled in Dallas county; first rented a farm and afterward purchased land of William Coorabes — one of the oldest places in the county. He bought forty acres, which he has divided into town lots. Six children were born to them, all of whom are deceased. His wife died August 22, 1879. For his second companion he chose Miss Nellie Luella Druse, whom he wedded January 24, 1888. She is a native of McHenry county, Dlinois, and came to Texas in February, 1886. Her parents, Druse and Antonnett (Bowen) Druse, were natives of New York and of French ancestry. Mr. Bradford's war record is a remarkable one. He enlisted in the Quartermaster's de- partment, under General Price, and served all through the war. For four years he neither slept a night in a house nor ate a meal in a house, and during that time did not take a dose of medicine. He has always enjoyed the best of health and is yet a strong and vigorous man. He received his appointment as Postmaster under President Cleveland's administration. W. SCRIPTURE was born in Norfolk, Virginia, August 7, 1843, oldest son ® and child of Charles B. and Elizabeth F. (Wright) Scripture. His father was a native of New Hampshire, as also was his grandfather, they being of English descent. His mother was born in Norfolk, Virginia, daughter of William AVright, a sea captain who followed the sea all his life. Her brother, William Wright, was also a sailor, and while on a voyage in a sailing vessel the crew ran out of provisions. The sailors drew lots to see who should give up his life to sustain that of the others. Tiie lot fell to Mr. Wright. His life was sacrificed, HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. and on the following day a ship came in sight. At the age of eighteen years, Charles B. Scripture went to Virginia and engaged in the mercantile business. He was there mar- ried, October 3, 1842, to the above named lady and in 1844 emigrated to Missouri. At Arrow Rock, Saline county, Missouri, he engaged in the wagon and carriage manufact- ure, supplying emigrants with wagons with which to cross the plains. He followed this business until 1855, when he moved to Howard county and turned his attention to the lumber business, continuing it until 1860. In 1862 the Federal soldiers burned his mill and lumber and surrounding buildings, con- sisting of a flouring mill, blacksmith shop, etc., to the amount cf $15,000. In 1864 he was forced to leave that part of the country and returned to his former home in Saline county. In 1867 Mr. Scripture came to Texas and located in Kaufman county. His coming here at that time was for the benetit of his health. In 1872 the family came to Dallas and engaged in the hotel business, running what was then known as the City Hotel, now the St. Cliarles Hotel. The parents died in Dallas, the mother, September 18, 1880, at the age of sixty-three, and the father, Sep- tember 15, 1883, aged sixty-six. Of their eleven children, six grew to adult age, four of them are in Texas and one is still in Missouri. Mrs. Scripture was a member of the Episco- pal Church. A. W. Scripture was only a year old when his parents moved to Missouri, where he was reared, assisting his father in his business, and receiving his education in the subscription schools. He remained with his parents until the l)reaking out of the late war, when in June, 1861, he enlisted as a member of William Brown's Company, the first cavalry regiment organized in Missouri, subsequently known as Colonel William Brown's regiment. He participated in many important engagements and served faithfully until the close of the war, being surrendered at Shreveport, Louisiana, May 26, 1865. After the war he returned to his home in Saline county, Missouri, and engaged in work at the carpenter trade, following that until 1869, when he turned his attention to farming. He was married, April 27, 1869, to Miss Melinda Jackson, a daughter of Thomas and Polly Ann (Marshall) Jackson. She was born in Missouri and her parents were natives of Kentucky. By this union one child was born, Clara. In 1873 Mr. Scripture came to Dallas county and purchased an unimproved farm of seventy-two acres of timber land, located four miles east of Dallas. This he cleared and on it resided until 1885, when he moved to Taylor county and purcliased 1,096 acres of w'ild land. He improved the property and was extensively engaged in tlie stock business there for three years, after which he returned to Dallas county. He, however, still owns that laud. After coming back to Dallas county he bought his present home property, which consists of twenty acres, and here he is engaged in the dairy business. He keeps forty cows and dis- poses of his product in Dallas. Mrs. Scripture died March 8, 1872, and in 1873 he was united in marriage with Miss Melissa Jane Moore, a native of Saline county, Missouri, and a daughter of William and Caroline (Chappie) Moore, who were among the first settlers of Saline county and were of German ancestry. By his second marriage Mr. Scripture had one child. Orrin, who died at the age of ten years. Mr. Scripture is, in the truest sense of the word, a self-made man. At the close of the HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. 699 war he had thirty cents in silver which he spent for liimself and comrades. He borrowed $20, to defray his expenses to Texas, and when he arrived here he had $1.80 left. By hard wor kand good management he has accumulated a fine property and is now in comfort- able circumstances. His political affiliations are with the Democratic party. Mrs. Scrip- ture is a member of the Christian Church. IHARLES E. GILBERT, editor and manager of the Times- Herald, of Dal- las, Texas, is a native of the State of Alabama, and a son of Love E. Gilbert, who was for many years an editor. The mother was Elizabeth Jackson, a native of Connecti cut, who died in 1861 in Alabama. The paternal and maternal grandfathers are buried in Texas, to wliich State the former came early in the '40s. After his death Love E. with his mother returned to Alabama. The maternal grandfather came to this State in 1873, and died in Fort Worth. Charles E. Gilbert learned the printer's trade in his boy- hood, entering his father's office at the close of the war, when but ten years old; and after following the fortunes of that career for some time he came to Texas, in October, 1876, as soon as he was twenty-one, and in February, 1877, became the editor of the Tablet, at Navasota, Texas. At that time there were two negroes in the Legislature, one in the Senate, two on the County Commissioners' Court, and in other positions. With tiie push and enterprise that has ever marked his career he became a warm advocate of white domination, and was largely instru- mental in securing a unity of purpose in that direction, and the negro was soon relegated to the rear in politics. The Tablet was one of the most fearless and certainly one of the ablest weekly journals of the State. After disposing of that paper in 1881, he went to Abilene, then a tented frontier town, and there established the Reporter, the first paper of the place, and in its columns he be- came an earnest champion of the develop- ment of the West and the protection of the farmer settler. The famous Land Lease and Enclosure laws were enacted about this time, for the protection of the settlers against the free-grass cattle-men. Mr. Gilbert saw that there was to be a "battle royal" between the small freeholders and the so-called "cattle barons," and he promptly threw his influence on the side of the farmers. It was a battle between a weak minority and the organized brains and capital of the most powerful organization Texas or the Southland ever knew; but notwithstanding these odds the battle raged fiercely and personal encounters were frequent. The Democratic State plat- form and Legislature were approved by 200,- 000 majority over the State, and the Reporter gained a signal triumph in its section, and today its editor is held in high esteem, even by his whilom opponents, and in grateful re membrance by the farmer whose battle he so valiantly fought. Early in 1886 he came to Dallas and formed a connection with the Evening Herald, wliicii in 1888 was consoli- dated with the Evening Times under the name of Times- Herald, which still con- tinues. He directs and controls tiie policy of this paper, which is considered one of the best in the State. He is an admirable news- paper man and his progressive ideas are re- flected in every corner of his paper and its management. True to his life-long convic- tions, he is the tried and able ciiampion of the interests of the masses, especially the 700 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTT. farming and laboring classes, and he is fear- less in his defense of any principle, what- soever its political creed, that is for the pub- lic good. He was married in Alabama, in 1877, to Miss Gertrude Wilson, whose father was the iirst white child born in Pickens county, and was afterward its first Representative in the Legislature. Mr. Gilbert is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and finds time, outside of the duties connected with his paper, to further the moral and educational welfare of the community in which he re- sides. --^^i^/l/^^d?/^/^^ jEDFAREN ROUTH, the senior mem- ^ ber of the iirm of Routh & Stewart, is justly entitled to a space iu the record of the lives of the leading business men of Dallas county. He is a native of the county, born November 21, 1859, and is the youngest of a family of twelve children. His parents, George W. and Elizabeth (Rankin) Routh, were natives of Tennessee; the father was reared in that State, and emigrated to Texas, settling on Duck creek, near the present site of the village of Garland. Here he bought the headright to a section of laud of Abner Keen, and later added 300 or 400 acres of what was known as the Chris survey, to the purchase; here he lived until his death, which occurred in 1865; the mother passed away in 1860. Mr. Routh began life as a farmer boy, and, when old enough to assume the responsibilities, took charge of the affairs at home. He followed this occupation until the fall of 1887, when he came to Dallas city and opened a wholesale and retail prod- uce house, under the firm name of Routh & Lewis. In the autumn of 1888 Mr. Lewis retired, and was succeeded by A. L. Simpson, who remained a member of the Iirm for two years; he was in turn succeeded by Mr. Stewart, who is the present member of the firm. Mr. Routh was united in marriage, August 10, 1880, to Miss Amanda J. Ramsey, a daughter of James Ramsey, of Garland, Texas. Mr. Ramsey has been prominently identiiied with various enterprises in the State for a number of years, and now resides near Rose Hill, Texas. March 27, 1885, Mrs. Amanda J. Routh was called from this life, leaving her husband and one child, a daughter, Maggie M., born June 10, 1881. Mr. Routh was married a second time. May 2, 1888, to Miss Lucy A. Early, the fifth of a family of seven children born to John T. and America (Sousley) Early. Mr. Early was a native of Fleming county, Kentucky, and in 1878 removed to Collin county, Texas; here he lived until 1884, and then came to Dallas, where he still resides. Mr. Routh received his education in the common schools at Duck Creek and in the Lawrence Business College. Politically he attiliates with the Democratic party. Lie and his wife are members of the First Baptist Church of this city, and have given a liberal support to the society. fS HARP, of the firm of Haralson & Sharp, was born in Tipton county, Ten- " nessee, in S.'ptember, 1853, the second of the five children of J. R. and Mary (Shef- field) Sliaip, natives aho of Tennessee. His father, a farmer and miller, came to Texas in 1880, with his family of three children. The mother of J. S. died in 1858, in Tennessee. Mr. Sharp came from west Tennessee to Dallas in 1880 and was employed by F. G. ^^ ^ ^^.3. at the age of lifty-six years. W. R. Fisher assisted his father on the farm until fourteen years of age and then learned the cabinetmakers trade, serving an apprenticeship of two and a half years with- out compensation except his board. After this he worked at the carpenter's trade in Kentucky for one year and then began tilling the soil. About this time the Civil war broke out and Mr. Fisher went to Virginia, where he enlisted in the Fourty-lifth Vir- ginia Battery, and served principally in Vir- ginia and Tennessee. At the second battle of Winchester, Virginia, 1864, he was taken prisoner and confined in the Delaware prison for nine months, and three months after General Lee surrendered. After the war he engaged on the Virginia & Tennessee rail- road, repairing bridges, building section houses, etc., until December, 1867, when he came to Texas. He first located at Houston, followed his trade for nine months and then came to Dallas, where he rented land and raised one crop. For three years after this he followed his trade in Dallas, and on the 1st of July, 1869, he was united in marriage to Miss Mary Ann Coombs, a native of Dal- las county and the daughter of J. N. Coombs. Following his marriage Mr. Fisher continued his trade and shortly afterward purchased seventy acres of the old Coombs homestead, giving $5.00 per acre. Less than a year later he sold it for $17.00 per acre and purchased a partially improved farm in Tarrant county, 160 acres for $1,200, which he cultivated for three years. Returning to Dallas county he moved on the farm where a part of West Dallas now stands, it being a part of his wife's estate, began clearing, and farmed the same until 1889, when he engaged in the grocery business, in connection witli his farming and real-estate business. The most of his farm is now cut up into lots. Mr. and Mrs. Fisher had three interesting children: Edward Lee, of Dallas county; Brillia Alice, of Tarrant county, and Willie L, in Dallas. Mr. Fisher lost his wife by HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 727 death, July 28, 1873, and his second raar- riasje was two years later, to Miss Maggie Proffett, a native of Tennessee who was reared in Missouri by Isaac Boran. This union resulted in the birth of three children, one now living: Harry. Mr. and Mrs. Fisher are members of the Church of Christ. Mr. Fisher is a self-made man and all his property has been obtained hy the sweat of his brow. He deserves much credit for his enterprise and progress. E. FLirPEN, real-estate dealer and ranchman, was born in Lauderdale ''^ county, Tennessee. Flippen is a depot on the Newport News & Mississippi Valley Railroad, named for Benjamin McFlippen, al)0ut forty miles from Memphis. The date of our subject's birth is March 24, 1846. His parents were Benjamin and Eliza (Caldwell) McFlippen. The father was born in Knox county, Tennessee, January 1, 1819, of good old Virginia parentage; is an extensive farmer and stock-raiser in Tennessee, being the best known man in the county, where he has lived for about lifty years. He furnished four soldier sous in the late war, three under General Forrest and one under General Bragg. This gentleman is now seventy-three years of age, and has been a prominent mem- ber of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church for over fifty years, and has been an Elder in the same for a number of years. His wife, who died in 1873, was born in 1823, in Smithland, Kentucky, and was a member of the same church as her husband. She came from one of the best families in Kentucky. She was a true, good woman, tilling all the relations of life as only a Christian person could, being a true and faithful wife, devoted mother and kind neighbor and friend, and no words can speak her praise too warmly. Her parents were natives of North Carolina. Benjamin McFlippen had nine children, five still living, three sons and two daughters One brother and two sisters of our subject died when quite young. Bird, the oldest member of the family, was in the Tennessee infantry, was wounded and captured at Mission Ridge, and died in Rock Island prison, aged thirty years. He slumbers in an unknown grave that the family have never been able to dis- cover. The next one was Ben, Captain of Company F, Fifteenth Tennessee Cavalry, Steward's regiment, Kneely's Brigade, and Forrest's Division of Cavalry. He served through the war, being First Drill- Master of the First Tennessee Heavy Artillery; was in the siege of Fort Pillow and first siege of Vicksburg. but resigned his command in 1863 at Chickamauga, returned home and raised his company of cavalry, serving through the remainder of the war, surrender- ing with Forrest at Gainesville, Georgia, in May, 1865. He is still living near Memphis, engaged in the mercantile and niilling busi- ness. His wife was a Miss Nelly Keaton, whom he married in 1865, at Buena Vista, Mississippi. They have two children, Robert and Ben; the latter, about twenty-two years of age, is now the cashier of the Newport News & Mississippi Valley Railroad at Mem- phis. Mrs. Ben Flippen died and her hus- band married again, this time a sister of the first wife, Miss Keaton. They have no chil- dren. The third son of Benjamin Flippen was William H., who participated in the late war as a private in the artillery mentioned above, at Fort Pillow, when he returned home sick, and after recovering joined his brother's cavalry company, in which he served until the close of the war. He is married and has a large family; is residing 728 HISTORY OF DALLAS GOUNTY. on his farm, near Ripley, Tennessee. His wife was Miss Callie Campbell, of Chickasaw county, Mississippi. The two living sisters of our subject are Ellen, wife of K. B. Davidson, and Fanny, wife of Mr. Stone, both living in west Tennessee, near where they were reared. Our subject was reared in the country schools of Tennessee. He enlisted in March, 1863, in his brother's company of cavalry, and served in that company until the close of the war. He was taken prisoner in north Mississippi, and was retained as a prisoner in Memphis, but escaped and returned to his company. His horse was killed under him at Memphis, Tennessee, during the war, and he had some narrow escapes, but never was hit with bullet, wliile his three brothers were all wounded. He now feels that the war is over, and accepts the result as best for our country and times. The black belt of north Texas is his adopted home, the garden spot of the United States, where all the four princi- pal crops of tlie United States — corn, wheat, oats and cotton — grow side by side in the same held, and one can scarcely tell which the country or climate is best adapted to. After the close of the war he went to Egypt, Mississippi, and engaged in the mer- cantile business for thirteen years, when he disposed of his business to William Busha- man & Co., and came to Texas, January 5, 1881, landing in Dallas, where he has re- mained, in and near, ever since, engaged in mercantile pursuits and stock-raising, in which he has been successful in every way. Mr. Flippen was married in 1878, to Miss Nannie Gates, daughter of J. N. Gates, a planter of Mississippi, who now resides at Huutsville, Alabama. Mr. and Mrs. Flippen liave a family of four children, namely: Edwin E., Jr., Edwina, McNeuton and May Blanche. Mr. jjnd Mrs. Flippen are members of the Methodist Epis- copal Church South, and Mr. Flippen was formerly a member of the Tannehill Lodge, Dallas, and was one of the charter members of the Oak Cliff Lodge of Masons. Our subject is a Democrat in politics, as was his father before him, after the dissolution of the Whig party. Mr. Flippen has seen many changes in this part of the country. In 1871 to 1873 he went hunting and killed buffaloes where Wichita Falls now stands; rode horse- back from Shreveport, Louisiana, 180 miles, to get into the State of Texas, as there were no railroads then. He has gone by stage from San Antonio to Austin in a day, ninety- six miles. At that time the Indians were in the majority and had matters pretty well under their control from Wise county north and west. Mr. Flippen has been a useful, thriving citizen of Dallas county, doing all that lay in his power, by the use of money and per- sonal influence, to extend the material inter- ests of the county. He is an extensive land- owner, having a large interest in some ranches. He is a typical southern gentle, man in manners, has a pleasing address, and is energetic in all the affairs with which he has become conversant. fM. B E I L H A R Z, stone contractor, whose yards are located on Hawkins ® street and Pacific avenue, has been in business here fur himself since 1887. He built the Club house and did the stone work for most of the business buildings, as the Scol- lands building, the Texas bank, Thomas Bro- thers' building, besides many residences, as those of Simpson M. Dilley, etc. He is now HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTT. 729 putting in the stone work for the W. J. Temp brewery, and the Security, Mortgage and Trust building. He employs on an average fifteen stone cutters, three setters and fifteen laborers. Mr. Beilliarz was born in Wlirttembnrg, Ger- many, in 1860, the second of the eleven chil- dren of Jacob and Margaret (Siegway) Beilharz, natives of Wiirttembei-g and still living there. His father has been a teacher by profession. As he grew up young Beilharz learned the trade of a stone cutter in his native city and became the foreman of a stone-yard. He served in the German army about two and one-half years. He came to Dallas in 1883, and was employed as a journeyman stone- dresser until 1887, when he embarked in the business on his own account. On political issues he votes independently. He is a mem- ber of Dallas Lodge, No. 70, K. of P., and of the Uniformed Rank, Division No. 18, and of the K. of H. In March, 1888, in Dallas, he married Miss Laura Frichot, a native of Dallas county and a daughter of C. D. and Susan (Ball) Frichot. Her father was a native of France, and mother of Switzerland, and they came to Dallas county about 1861, and are both deceased. Her father was a brick manufac- turer. Mr. and Mrs. Beilharz have one child, Theodore. P. CROSS, contractor, builder and mason, of Dallas, is the pioneer in lay- ■'* ing cement walks in this city. From 1883 to 1890 he was a member of the firm of Gill &, Cross. This firm has put down nearly all the pavements in Dallas, and it is also the manufacturer of artificial stone for house trimmings, etc. Mr. Cross was born in Jefferson county, Kentucky, May 1, 1836, the younger of the two children of Jeremiah and Cecilia (Scott) Cross, natives of Kentucky. His grandpar- ents were natives of Virginia. The family trace their genealogy to General "VVinfield Scott. Jeremiah Scott passed his life in Jef- ferson county, Kentucky, dying there in 1870, at the age of sixty-five years. His wife, born in 1808, is still living on the old homestead where she was born. Mr. Cross, whose name introduces this sketch, was brought up to farm life in his native State, finishing his schoool days at Louisville, that State, and learning his trade there. In 1859 he went to Memphis, Tennessee, where he worked at his trade. In March, 1861, he enlisted in the Fourth Tennessee Cavalry as a private, and partici- pated in the battles of Shiloh, Murfreesboro, Missionary Ridge and in the entire campaio-n of Atlanta, Georgia, returning with Hood to Tennessee. December 18, 1864, he was taken prisoner at Nashville, and confined at Fort Delaware until the next year. He was elected Lieutenant of Company C, of the Fourth and Twenty-ninth Regiments, consoli- dated and called the Fourth Tennessee In- fantry. After the war he returned to Kentucky, and then to Memphis. He was married in the latter city, to Miss Lily Gardner, a native of Kentucky, who afterward died, at Memphis. December 25, 1876, Mr. Cross was again married, this time to Lucy A. Horton, widow of Enoch Horton, a native of Tennessee and a daughter of John C. and Rosa (Clements) Lanier, who were born in Tennessee and came to Dallas county in 1843, and afterward moved into the town of Dallas. Mr. Lanier was Justice of the Peace for many years and also Deputy County Clerk. His death oc- curred in 1852: his wife had died in 1845, in Dallas. Mr. Cross has occupied his present 730 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. residence on South Harwood street since 1881, at which time the street was unim- proved. He has seen ahnost the entire growth of his chosen city, Dallas, with a sort of paternal interest, and he has taken an active part in every good public enterprise. Mr. Cross is a Democrat, but takes no active part in the political machinery. In early life he was a Whig. He is the Master of Dallas Lodge, F. & A. M.; was first ini- tiated into Freemasonry at Louisville, Ken- tucky. He is also a member of the order of the Knights of Pythias. Mrs. Cross is a member of the Lamar Methodist Episcopal Church. She has a daughter by her former husband, now Mrs. Josie (). Horton, of Midland, Texas. ^ ^ fj. DICKEY, M. D., physician and sur- geon, was born in Illinois May 4, ® 1854, in Kidgvvay, Gallatin county. His parents were Finis E. and Lucy A. (Jackson) Dickey, both natives of Illinois. The father, born September 23, 1826, was a farmer and met his death while digging a well, which caved in on him, killing him instantly, as several feet of earth fell upon him and he was smothered. The accident oc- curred October 31, 1853. His wife was born May 16, 1832, and died in May, 1861. Their marriage occurred July 14, 1853. Our subject commenced the study of homeopathy in May, 1876, with Dr. E. J. Elirman, of Evansville, Indiana. He gradu- ated at Pulte Medical College, of Cincinnati, Ohio, March 4, 1879. Booneville, Indiana, was the place where he first opened an office, in the same month of his graduation. He carried on his practice of medicine and was the leading homeopathic physician of that section until he was obliged to give up the hard work on account of his failing health and seek a milder and more genial climate. After some time spent in Chicago, taking special instruction in oriticial surgery, he located in Dallas, in January, 1885, and began the practice of rectal diseises as a specialty. About three years later he took up the treat- ment of hernia and has been wonderfully successful in his treatment of these trouble- some diseases. The Doctor was married, August 24, 1876, to Miss A. E. Melvin, daughter of Orrisou Melvin,of Ridgway, Illinois. They have one child, Ernest, born in 1880, a promising lad. Mrs. Dickey is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, but the Doctor has not united himself with any religious denomi- nation. Dr. Dickey takes little interest in politics. He has quite an extensive practice, which comes from many of the distant coun- ties. He is a good citizen and has won many warm and admiring friends for himself in the city of his adoption. C. DARWIN, contractor and builder, Dallas, Texas, took up his abode in ** Dallas county in 1873. He tii'st set- tled in precinct No. 7, and engaged in farm- ing and gardening, which he continued until 1886, when he came to Dallas. Since that time he has been engaged in contracting and building. Mr. Darwin was born in Rhea county, Tennessee, in 1843, the youngest in a family (^f fourteen. His parents, James A. and Bathia W. (Clements) Darwin, were natives of South Carolina and North Carolina re- spectively. In early childhood they moved with their parents to Tennessee, where they BISTORT OP DALLAS COUNTY. 731 were subsequently married. His father passed his life on a farm in Tennessee, and died there in 1872, aged seventy-six years. He was a soldier in the war of 1812, and participated in the battle of New Orleans on the 8th of January, 1815. Mr. Darwin's mother passed away in 1873, aged seventy-five. The sub- ject of our sketch was reared on a farm in his native county, and received his education in the subscription schools. He was making preparations for college when the war came on. He enlisted in the First Tennessee Le- gion, Sixteenth Battalion, General Pegram's brigade, being on scouting duty most of the time. He participated in several battles and was wounded near Chattanooga, Tennessee. After tlie war closed Mr. Darwin returned to Tennessee and engaged in farming in Rhea county one year, after which he taught school. In 1867 he went to Yell county Arkansas, to attend to his brother's business, who lived there before the war, but died in Texas dur- ing the war. That year he was married there to Miss Ellen E. Evans, a native of Neshoba county, Mississippi, and a daughter of Thomp- son and Hannal) (Wilkinson) Evans, the for- mer a native of North Carolina and the latter of Coffee county, Tennessee. Her father went to Tennessee when a young man, and there married. He sulisequentlj moved to Missis- sippi, and in 1866 to Yell county, Arkansas^ having been engaged in farming in these States, He died in Arkansas November 27, 1870. His wife is now a resident of Dar- danelle, Arkansas, and is seventy-five years of age. After his marriage Mr. Darwin re- turned to Rhea county, Tennessee, engaged in farming, and remained there until 1873, when he came to Dallas county, as above stated. Although not an otKce-seeker Mr. Darwin lias taken an active interest in politi- cal matters, affiliating vrith the Democratic party. He is a member of the Mountain Creek Lodge, No. 511, A. F. & A. M., hav- ing served as Master of that lodge. He is a member of tiie Knights of Labor, and also of the Farmers' Alliance. Both he and his wife are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. They have six children: Eunice M.; Mary Jane, wife of J. H. Bishop; Bellela; Ada A.; Alice F. and Pettie E. They also have four children deceased: James A., who died in 1873, aged two years; Jesse B., who died September 13, 1880, when only six weeks old; Willie Clay, January 2, 1883, at the age of seven months; Infantine, died February 25, 1886. Mr. Darwin is a public-spirited and enter- prising citizen, and is deeply interested in the growth and development of Dallas. He is now a candidate for Justice of the Peace in precinct No. 1, Dallas county, which em- braces all of the city of Dallas and six voting precincts outside the city limits. ^^TLLIAM YOUNG HUGHES, a fruit \ V V farmer and horticulturist of Dallas 1"=^^ county, was born in Spencer count}', Kentucky, in 1831, the second in a family of twelve children born to Elijah and Permelia (Wells) Hughes, natives cf Kentucky. The parents both died in their native State, the father in May, 1860, and the mother in No- vember, 1865. The Hughes family are of Welsh descent. William, our subject, was reared to farm life and educated in the sub- scription schools of his native county, and later commenced farming for himself in Ken- tucky. He came to Collin county, Texas, in 1860, and engaged in distilling at Piano, and in 1877 he came to Dallas, which he has since made his home. He bought a farm of 732 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. thirty acres, of which ten acres is now de- voted to peaches, plums, pears and apples, and one acre to small fruits. In March, 1862, Mr. Hughes enlisted in Company B, Captain E. Gano's squadron, which, after reaching Kentucky, was formed into a regiment called the Third Kentucky Cavalry, commanded by General John Morgan. Mr. Hughes was with that regiment in many raids, was taken prisoner near Syracuse, Ohio, in 1863, and confined as a prisoner of war nineteen months and twenty days at Camps Chase and Douglas. He was afterward transferred to Ross' Brig- ade, and was at Piano, Texas at the time of the surrender. Mr. Hughes was married in Kentucky, in 1866, to Mary Ann Wigginton, widow of William T. Wigginton, and daughter of Stephen and Lucinda (Tucker) Bid well, na- tives of Kentucky. The father was a farmer by occupation, and remained in Kentucky until his death, which occurred in 1874, and his wife died in the same State, in 1872. The Bidwells are of English descent, and early settlers of Virginia. Mr. and Mrs. Hughes have four children: Jennie L., Thomas Col- iiiau, Mattie May and Harrison Gilbert. Socially, Mr. Hughes is a member of the Farmers' Alliance, and in Kentucky was a member of the Masonic order, and the I. O. O. F., Worth Lodge, No. 90. Religiously, both he and his wife are members of the Missionary Baptist Church of Pleasant View. 4^ ^ fHOMAS A. SKILES came from Ken- tucky to Texas in the fall of 1855, making the journey with ox teams and locating near where he now lives. Soon after his arrival he purchased a tract of 420 acres of land and commenced at once the work of improving a farm. He made rails, fenced and broke forty acres of land, and the follow- ing season seeded it all to wheat. The first year he paid $1 a bushel for corn for bread and feed for his stock. As the years rolled by he added to his original purchase and ex- tended his farming operations. At one time he owned about 1,000 acres of land. After living on his first farm twelve years he moved from it to his present location. He has sold and given away land until he now has only 240 acres. On this he is engaged in general farming and stock-raising. When he came to this State he had some means, and brought with him eight or ten mares for breeding; is still interested in raising horses, and also raises mules. Mr. Skiles was born in Warren county, Kentucky, September 2, 1821, was reared on a farm and received a fair education. His father, Henry Skiles, was a native of Penn- sylvania, and was of German extraction. He lived and died in Kentucky, departing this life at the age of eighty-four years. His wife, nee Elizabeth Hamilton, also passed jiway in Kentucky. They were the parents of the following named children: John C, Martha, William, Henry, Sarah, Thomas A., Joseph and Andrew. Sarah and Thomas A. are the only ones now living, and they reside near each other. Thomas A. Skiles was married in Ken- tucky, April 23, 1851, to Miss Priseilla C. Hamilton, daughter of Samuel and Jane (Edgar) Hamilton, all of Kentucky. A brother of Mrs. Skiles' mother is a noted Presbyterian minister of Nashville, Ten- nessee. Following are the children born to Mr. and Mrs. Skiles: Everett H., born June 27, 1852; Henry T. and Samuel E. (twins) born April 8, 1854; Mary E., born July 21^ 1855; John W., born July 10, 1858; Em- "fl^YVli^v^^ /-•^ -^-^ ' ' t^ -^/"e^^ HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 733 met A., born January 1, 1860; and Liz- zie, born September 4, 1868. Mr. Skiles and his family are all members of the Cnm- berland Presbyterian Church. Durins the late war Mr. Skiles was en- gaged in teaming two years, hauling pro- visions. He then bought a steam flouring mill and ran it for the benefit of the war widows. This mill was located near Rock- wall. Soon after tl)e war closed he sold it and returned to the farm, since which time he has been engaged in agricultural pursuits. Politically, he is a Democrat. ^ ^ IfSON. F. N. OLIVER, Mayor elect of Oak Cliff, in one of the most hotly con- tested elections perhaps ever held in the city, was born in Florence, Alabama, Febru- ary 17, 1848, a son of Prof. Daniel and Jane (Ross) Oliver, the former a native of Devon- shire, England, and the latter of Scotch par- entage, of Hickman county, Tennessee. The father was born in 1782, and came with his parents to America when eight years of age. He was a teacher and surveyor by occupation, having taught the high school of Florence, Alabama, prior to the establishment of the Wesleyan University. He was highly edu- cated, was a graduate of Yale College, and for several years filled the chair of mathe- matics in that institution. General S. A. M. Wood, Colonel W. B. Wood, the latter a Colonel of the Si.xteenth Alabama Regiment in the late war, and the former Brigadier General, and George Karsner of P'lorence, were all pupils of his. His de^th occurred in 1874, and his wife died at the home of our subject in Lewisville, Texas, October 20, 1889, aged seventy-seven years. They were the jiarents of eleven children, seven of whom 48 are still living, and our subject is the eighth child in order of birth. He was educated in the public schools of Florence, Alabama, and at an early age learned the printing business. In 1874 he issued the first daily in Denton, the county seat of Denton county, called the " Denton Heview." He also founded the " Lewisville Neadliffht," in 1881, which he conducted five years, and while in that city was elected to the office of Justice of the Peace (running both the court and paper together for five years). Eight years later he resigned his position, sold the Headlight, and removed to Pilot Point, to establish a paper there. Mr. Oliver remained in that city two years, and then, with Mr. T. L. Marsalis became to Oak Cliff, which was before the public sale of the Oak Cliff lots. He built an office and founded a paper in a wheatfield. The Oak Cliff Sun- day Weekly, opening with an issue of 10,000 copies, and continued the publication three and a half years, until the city had attained a population of 5,000. During this three and a half years Mr. Oliver also traveled for the interests of the Texas State Fair and Dallas Exposition. He has been a member of the Press Association for eleven -years; is a charter member of the National Press Asso- ciation, which organized in New Orleans at the time of the Centennial Cotton Exposition; has been a member many times of important committees of the Texas Press Association, and at various times a delegate appointed to the National Association. He was one of a commission of three appointed by Governor Ross, to locate the State Orphan Asylum of Texas, in 1887, which was founded at Corsicana and is one of the crowning educational charities of Texas. He has been school trustee, and helped organize the Oak Cliff school com- munity; his associate members being G- M- 734 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. Baker, manager of the Western Union Tele- graph, and the retiring mayor, Hugh F. M. Ewing of Oak Cliff. Mr. Oliver was married at Cold Springs, Texas, December 13, 1868, to Miss Mary E. Cogburn, a daughter of David and Elizabeth Cogburn, early settlers of Walker county, Texas. Our subject, his vpife and eldest son Ben, organized the first Sunday-school in this city, January 1, 1888, and also the first church of Oak Cliff, the First Methodist Episcopal Chui'ch South, which now numbers 20U mem- bers. Mr. and Mrs. Oliver have had eight children: Charlie Lee, deceased, at the age of thi-ee and a half years; Mabel Clair, at the age of one and a half years; Ben F., who is making electricity a special study; Frank Lee, Claudie, Mabel, Coke and Clifton. Our subject and his wife and two sons are mem- bers of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, and the parents are also members of the Knights and Ladies of Honor in the Oak Cliff Lodge. Mr. Oliver erected the first business house in Oak Cliff, the oflice of the Sunday Weekly, and printed the first news- paper in Texas ever printed upon paper manufactured in this State. The mill is lo- cated in Oak Cliff, and is known as the Texas Taper Mill Company, Lang & Wharton pro- prietors. Our subject is a hard working man, has done much in the interests of his city, and is one of her public-spirited, enter- prising and most valued citizens. fHOMAS C. COOPER, grain and com- mission merchant, Dallas, Texas, dates his birth in Mobile, Alabama, October 16, 1854. He landed in Houston, Texas, in November, 1872, and since that time has been a resident of this State. Mr. Cooper's parents, Ferdinand J. and Julia E. (Wiieeler) Cooper, were born in Louisiana and South Carolina respectively. The father was at one time Sheriff of Mobile county. Subsequently he engaged in the mercantile business. He was well known as an upright citizen in every way worthy of the confidence which was reposed in him repeat- edly by the people. He was born in 1813, and died in 1860. The mother was born in 1817, is still living, has her powers of body and mind well preserved, and makes her home with her son, Thomas C. She is the only sur- viving member of iier father's family. Ot her nine ciiildren only three are living. Her daughter, Mary L., is the wife of Colonel O. C. George, and lives in Pilot Point, Texas. Mrs. Cooper is a member of the Baptist Church, as is also her husband. Tiie subject of our sketch received his edu- cation in Alabama. By the death of his father, he was thrown upon his own resources at an early age. At fourteen he began learn- ing the business of railway agent and tele- graph operator and he followed that business for a number of years. For the past fifteen years he has been a lumber dealer and grain and commission merchant, being fairly suc- cessful. He came to Dallas in 1886, and has since made his home in this city. Mr. Cooper was married January 18, 1880, to Miss Emma C. Smith, daughter of W. O. and Mary J. Smith, of Falls county, Texas. Her father died on the day of her marriage, aged fifty-one years, his death resulting from a complication of diseases. Her mother died in 1885, aged forty-six years. Mrs. Cooper and an only brother, James B. Smith, are the only ones of tiie family now living. The latter is a passenger conductor on the Houston & Texas Central Railroad. He resides in Waco. To Mr. and Mrs. Cooper five chil- BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 7H5 dreii have been born, two of whom died in early childhood. Those living are Willie May, Lou Eva, and Thomas James, acred re- spectively twelve years, nine years, and four months. Both he and his wife are members of the Congregational Church. Mr. Cooper is a member of the Woodmen of the World, Camp No. 1, and is manager of its local board. In his church, in business circles, and in the community at large, Mr. Cooper is higiily regarded. He has been an active worker in the ranks of the Republican party, ever seeking to secure the best men to to serve in official capacity, but has never as- pired to political honors himself. -^ =»?*^ fOHN C. JACOBS, a well known citizen of Dallas county, Texas, was born in Newark, Ohio, May 4, 1835. His father, Dr. E. A. Jacobs, was born in Vermont, De- cember 8, 1811, the youngest of tlie seven sons born to his parents.. They believed in the old adage that the seventh son had to be a doctor. Although he at tirst protested he finally acceded to their wishes, and at the age of sixteen years went to New York city and began the study of medicine under the instructions of Dr. Dudley. While in New York city he was married to Miss Sarah Cowed, a native of London, England. They were married in 1832, and their union was blessed with five children, the subject of our sketch being the oldest. Next came Sarah, who is now tl^g v^ifp of Rev. E. V. Butler and lives ii^ Young county, Texas; Caro- line M. is deceased; E. A. Jacobs resides near liis brother John C. Their mother died in ^'■kansas, March 20, 1848, and after her death Dr. Jacobs took his children East and left them with their uncle and aunt in New York and Vermont. He returned to Arkan- sas and the following year, 1849, wedded Miss Susanna J. Robertson, who bore him six children, viz.: Amanda; Mary C, wife of William Mitchell; George, Fred Q., August- us, and Edwin R. Mary C. and George were drowned during a great storm on the Gulf of Mexico. John C. Jacobs remained in the East three years, after which, in 1851, he went to Michigan, where he remained two years and learned iiis trade, that of general mechanic. From Michigan he came to Texas, landing at JeflTerson on the 5th of July, 1853. Fie first settled in Hopkins county and lived there one year, then Rockwall county. In the latter county he met Miss Ruth Ann Mills and was united in marriage with her June 25, 1857. In 1859 they moved from thereto Dallas county. He bought ten acres of land and built a house and shop on it, and in this county he has since resided. For thirty-five years he worked at his trades and during that time accumulated considerable means. He has owned about 300 acres, but has now sold ofF all except 200 acres. His farm is well improved with good buildings, etc., and he is in easy circumstances. On the 12th of March, 1862, Mr. Jacobs enlisted in the Thirty-first Texas Cavalry, and served till the close of the war. From expos- ure incurred during the war he lost his health, and is still a sufferer. Mrs. Jacobs' father, E. C. Mills, was born in Ohio in 1805, and her mother, nee Sarah Hunter, was born in 180G, their marriage oc- curing December 27, 1826, They had seven children born to them, of whom Ruth Ann was the fifth, her birth occurring October 4, 1835. Her father was married to his second wife. Miss Elizabeth Collins, November 3, 1842, and his third marriage occurred in 1854, 736 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. to Mrs. Martha Stnrdivant, nee Divers. By each of his three companions Mr. Mills had seven children. He died June 22, 1871, at the age of sixty-six years. Mr. and Mrs. John C. Jacobs have had seven children, namely: Edward A; Lydia C, wife of J. F. Tinsley; J. C, deceased; Charles E. ; Clara Isabell, wife of Henry Smith ; James N.; andPhilia A. Mr. Jacobs and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. H. H. BRALEY, a prominent and early settler of Dallas county, came ® here in 1871 and located on the line of Dallas and Ellis counties, where he en- gaged in farming. Mr. Braley was born in Iredell county, IS'orth Carolina, in 1841, the second in the family of live children of S. S. and Catherine L. (Gouger) Braley, natives of North Caro- lina. They were married in Rowan county, that State. The father was a blacksmith by trade. At an early day they moved to Bed- ford county, Tennessee, and a year later to Marshall county, Mississippi, where they re- mained three years. In December, 1848, they settled in Ouachita county, Arkansas, Mr. Braley following the trade of gunsmith at Camden. From there they moved to La Fayette county, Arkansas, and thence to Fan- nin county, Texas, in 1856. He bought a farm north of Honey Grove, and on it the family resided until 1871, when they came to Dallas county. The father's death occurred in this county, January 13, 1873. The mother survived him some years, her death occurring in the city of Dallas in 1888. The subject of our sketch spent his child- hood days in Tennessee, Mississippi and Ar- kansas, and received his education in the schools of Ouachita county, in the last named State. Fie was fifteen years of age when his parents came to Texas and settled on a farm in Fannin county, and since then he has been engaged in agricultural pursuits. Mr. Braley was married in Anderson county, Texas, in 1873, to Miss Mary E. Hatter, a native of Lincoln county, Ken- tucky, and a daughter of John C. and Do- rinda (Milligan) Hatter. Her father was born in Virginia in 1817, and her mother in Kentucky in 1816. At the age of six years the former went with his parents to Ken- tucky, and there, April 11, 1839, he was married. In 1849 he moved to Dallas county, Texas, and settled on a farm in the southern part of the county. He bought land and im- proved a farm here, and on it he and his wife passed the rest of their lives, she dying July 3, 1872, and he in 1883. Five of their chil- dren lived to be grown, and four are still living, namely: George, who is married and lives in Lancaster, Dallas county; John S. is married and settled at Sherman, Texas; Mrs. M. E. Bralej', who is married and resides in Dallas; and James H., married and residing in Lancaster. After the death of her mother, Mrs. Braley's father was married again, and by his second wife had two children, Vere and Samuel, who reside near Milford. After his marriage Mr. Braley settled in the southern part of the county, and there resided until he came to the city of Dallas. He opened up and improved a farm in the southern part of Dallas county, and also owns land in various other parts of the county. Since 1883 he has made his home in Dallas, and has been engaged in the real- estate business, buying, improving and sell- ing property. He improved his home place, and besides this owns valuable property on HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 737 Live Oak, Main, Commerce and Allen streets; the last mentioned is his home. Mr. Braley is a public-spirited and enter- prising citizen. In his political views he is independent, voting for men and measures rather than party. In the late war he was a soldier in the Confederate army. Enlisting in Craven's company, Robert Taylor's regi- ment. May 22, 1862, he served until the war closed, participating in a number of im- portant engagements. He received a gun- shot wound through the wrist, which dis- abled him for life. After being in hospital ninety days, he came home on a furlough; was finally put on the retired list, and when the war closed was discharged. He and his wife have both witnessed the growth and de- velopment of this part of Texas, and have done their part in helping to advance the best interests of the vicinities in which they have resided. Following are the children born to them: Hardy, who died January 4, 1876, aged ten months and twenty-six days; Henry, born December 20, 1876; Frank, born December 31, 1878, died October 22, 1880; Lem, born September 10, 1881; Nellie, born September 4, 1888. Mrs. Braley is a mem- ber of the Christian Church. p. COCHRAN, of Dallas county, was born in Greene, now Folk, * county, Missouri, in January, 1841, the third in a family of six children born to William M. and Nancy J. (Hughes) Cochran, natives of South and North Carolina respect- ively. The father went to Murray county, Tennessee, at an early day, where he engaged in the mercantile business, at Columbia, and also clerk in a bank. He moved to Mis- souri in 1840, and three years later to Dal- las county, Texas, whei-e he took up a claim in precinct No. 2, and tilled the first prairie land in this county, also raising the first wheat. He took an active interest in the early history of the county, and was the first County Clerk and Representative of Dallas county. His death occurred April 7, 1853, and his wife survived hira until about 1871. Grandfather John Cochran, a native of the north of Ireland, came to New York and par- ticipated in the Revolutionary war, after which he settled in South Carolina, and later in North Carolina, where he subsequently died. W. P. Cochran, our subject, was reared to farm life and educated at the McKinzie Col- lege. He came to this county March 27, 1843, and in 1861 enlisted in Company C, Sixth Texas Cavalry, and served until the close of the war. He was in the battles of Pea Ridge, Corinth, luka, Holly Springs, and in the forty-six days' fight before Atlanta. He was paroled in 1865 and sent to Dallas, Texas. He now owns the old homestead of 420 acres, which is in a good state of cultiva- tion. Mr. Cochran takes an active part in poli- tics, voting with the Democratic party, and has served as a delegate to the county con- ventions. Socially, he is a member of James A. Smith Lodge, No. 395, which was char- tered in 1874, and has held the ofiice of Dis- trict Deputy Grand Master in his order. Re- ligiously, both he and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Coch- ran Chapel, which was named in honor of Mr. Cochran's father, and of which the former is one of the trustees. Mr. Cochran was married in Hill county, Texas, January 30, 1867, to Miss A. M. Lawrence, a native of Marshall county, Ten- nessee, and daughter of D. T. and Ann B. (Bachman) Lawrence, natives of North Caro- 738 SISTOBF OF DALLAS COUNTY. lina and Tennessee. The parents settled in Hill county, Texas, in 1857, where the father died in February, 1867, and the mother in 1872. Mr. and Mrs. (Jochran have had nine children, seven of whom survive: Nanna A., John D., A.rchelans, Mary A., James P., Wil- lie L. and Ada M. Mr. Cochran has seen the full growth and development of Dallas from a cabin to a city of about 40,000 in- habitants, and has always taken an active in- terest in everything for its good and aided in all public enterprises. tH. McDADE, contractor and builder, Dallas, has been in business here since ^'^ 1871. He was born in Richmond county, Georgia, ten miles west of Augusta, on Big Spirit creek, October 9, 1832, the first of thirteen children born to Captain John and Eliza (McTyre) McDade, he having six sisters and six brothers, all natives of Georgia. His father was a planter and proprietor of saw and grist mills on Big Spirit creek, Rich- mond county, Georgia. His parents passed their lives in Georgia, and were buried on the homestead of Holland McTyre, his grandfather. He was for several years en- gaged with the Adams and Southern Express companies, till 1861. From this date to 1865 he was with the Confederate army in Georgia and Florida, then the army of Tennessee from Missionary Ridge to Atlanta, Georgia. He was wounded at Peach-Tree creek (or Jones' Tannery), near Atlanta, Georgia. Disabled by his wound and cut off by the enemy from his command, he attached himself to Captain Robert Allen's command of cavalry, where he remained to the close of hostilities. He then engaged with the National Express Company until its demise; next the Southern Express Company from Mol)ile, Alabama, to Cairo, Illinois: afterward he carae to Texas. In 1871 he came to Dallas city, his present home, in whose material interest he has ever taken an active part. He has long been well and favorably known here as a citizen, mechanic, a Con- federate Democrat, and a member of the First Baptist Church. — ~^'^*^^+:-*5;*-— — PATRICK W. LINSKIE was born in ,!• county Galway, Ireland, in 1848, and ^ when six months of age his parents crossed the sea to America, settling in New Orleans. Here they were both stricken with yellow fever, and died. Patrick received his education in New Orleans and then went to Rapides parish, where he was living at the time of the breaking out of the civil war. He was only fourteen years age, but he enlisted in Texada's Cavalry, and served with marked distinction urtil the surrender. When hos- tilities ceased he returned to New Orleans and engaged in the undertaking business, which he carried on with success until 1873. He then removed to Dallas, Texas, and em- barked in the same line at the corner of Main and Harwood streets; the frame build- ing first occupied has been replaced by a fine brick edifice, and the patronage has grown to immense proportions. Mr. Linskie is the official undertaker for the Hebrew and Roman Catholic population of the city. He has the most complete establishment of the kind in the South, and is well fitted both by native tact and a thorough training for the duties of the business. He is a master of the process of embalming, which he studied in St. Louis and Cincinnati. Mr. Linskie was married December 19, 1876, to Miss Emma E. Sanderson of Mis- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNT T. 739 souri; she removed to Texas in 1873; they are the parents of two sons, Robert, aged ten years, and Gerald, aged five. Our subject is a member of the Knights of Pythias, Lodge No. 8, and belongs to the Elks and Red Men. He is a member of the Roman Catholic Cluirch, and has occupied the same pew for the past seventeen years. Politically he af- filiates with the Democratic party. He has been an Alderman, and was one of the most efficient officers of the Water- Works Company. He has built one of the most elegant homes in the city on Harwood street, and is enjoy- ing the results of many years of honest labor. HARRISON R. PARKS was born in Ellis county, Texas, in 1849, and is a son of George C. and Christina (Kockett) Parks. His father was a native of Indiana, and emigrated to Texas in 1847. He settled near Red Oak, Ellis county, and pre-empted 640 acres of land, which he converted into a fertile, productive farm. Harrison was the oldest child, and in his childhood was sur- rounded by rural scenes of more than ordi- nary beauty. The family continued to live on the homestead until 1874, when they removed to Waxahachie. The father was appointed Judge of Ellis county, and held the position six years. In 1879 he went to California, and died while in that State. He was a local politican of some note, and for a great many years was County Commissioner. For fifty years he was a member of the Masonic order. His wife passed away some years before his death. They had six children, one of whom died in infancy. One son died in Houston, Texas, while in the service of his country. The subject of this notice was reared to farm life, and enjoyed the advantages afforded in the private schools. Later he took a college course, and when he had finished his studies he entered upon his business career as a clerk in Waxahachie. In 1873 the firm that em- ployed him suffered from a disastrous fire, and he was forced into another channel. He took up the insurance business and has since been engaged in active soliciting. He estab- lished several agencies, and in 1884 came to Dallas and went into the same business under the firm name of Parks & Sherman; they repre- sent six leading companies, and draw their patronage from Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas and Indian Territory. They have done an enormous business, and establisiied a reputa- tion for the most honorable dealing. They have very few lawsuits, and conduct their business according to the safest methods. Mr. Parks was married in 1871, to Miss Laura Patterson, a native of Arkansas. One daughter was born to them, named Minnie. The mother died in 1882, and Mr. Parks was married again to Miss Jettie Patterson, a sister of the first wife. Three children were born of this union: Nellie, Mary and . They occupy an elegant residence in Dallas, and are surrounded by many of the luxuries of life. Mr. Parks affiliates with the Democratic party, and is a strong supporter of all the issues of that body. fN. BAKER, an insurance agent of Dallas, was born in Caldwell county, " Kentucky, August 20, 1862, a son of Owen Ross and Julia (Lindsay) Baker, na- tives of Kentucky. The mother is a daugh- ter of Lancetot Lindsay of Kentucky, and a niece of the late Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Texas, Levingstone Lind- 740 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. say of La Grange, who were first cousins of the Honorable Alexander H. Stephens of Georgia. The fatiier is a practical and thorough farmer, has held the office of Sheriff two terms, was Circuit Clerk two terms. County Clerk one term. County Commis- sioner of public roads three terms, Post- master eight years, having resigned that posi- tion, and is at present one of the Republican delegates from the first Congressional Dis- trict of Kentucky to the National Republi- can Convention, Minneapolis. He was a Union man during the war, although he owned a few slaves, which were liberated. For many years he has been a Deacon in the Baptist Church, and his wife is also a life- long member of that church. Socially, Mr. Raker is a Freemason. The parents reared a family of six children, four of whom still survive, viz.: Peter, of Kentucky; Cora, wife of M. S. Hague, of Tennessee; Gertrude, wife W. A. Samson, of Denton, Texas; J. N., our subject; and Franklin and Eugenia each died at the age of about fourteen years. Mr. Baker enjoys the confidence of all who know him, and is a very popular man. It is a notable fact that, although he has been a pronounced Re- publican in politics, he has held the county offices above referred in a Democratic county. In each place he won success and accom- plished great good, shared the views of ad- vanced thinkers, and was in thorough sym- pathy with the progress of the county on every line of advancement. A manly char- acter only could have inspired such confidence, and a faithful serviceonly could have resumed its continuance, as is seen by his re-election to each oflice. J. N. Baker, the subject of this sketch, was educated in what is now known as Prince- ton Collegiate Institute, then Princeton Col- lege, where he completed his course in 1882. He has been in the insurance business ever since, first with the Equitable, of New York, then the New York of New York, and is now special agent for the State of Texas and In- dian Territory. He has succeeded well in this enterprise, and stands among the first in the business. Mr. Baker is also president of the White Republican League Club of Dallas. fB. LOCJCKS, a retired contractor and builder of Dallas, was born in Louvain, " Belsjium, in 1829, the eldest of three children born to Peter Joseph and Theresa (Pirouet) Loucks, also natives of Belgium. The father, a contractor by occupation, came to Texas in 1856, and in 1858 moved to Fort Worth, Texas, where his death occurred in 1860; the mother died in Belgium. The subject of this sketch was reared in his native country, where he also learned the carpenter and joiner's trade. At the age of twenty- six years he came with the French colony to Dallas, first settling on the line of Tarrant county, where he imdertook to form a settlement on Mountain creek, called New Louvain. He then went to Fort Worth, Texas, and engaged at his trade, but in 1867 returned to Dallas. In 1863 Mr. Loucks en- listed in the Confederate service, in Company F, Waller's Battalion, and served two years. He was in many battles and at the close of the war returned to old Mexico, where he en- gaged in contracting and building. He eracted a tine residence on tlie corner of Will- iam Tell and Floyd streets. Mr. Loucks takes an active interest in politics, voting with an independent party, he has been Alderman of the First Ward three terms, and resigned on account of moving out of the ward. He also served two terms as Schoo^ HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTT. 741 Director. Socially, Mr. Loucks is a member of Tannehill Lodge, Ko. 52, A. F. & A. M., of Dallas Chapter, No. 48, Dallas Command- ery. No. 6, and the Knights of the Golden Kule. Mrs. Loucks and family are members of the Episcopal Church, and Mr. Loucks is a member of the Catholic Church. lie was married in Weatherford, Texas, in 1867, to Miss Mary Desmet, a native of Belgium, and a daughter of Dr. Henry and (Stye) Desmet, natives of Belgium. They came with the French colony to this State in 1855, but botli are now deceased. Mrs. Loucks died in 1869, and in 1870 he married Miss Louisa, a daughter of John and Mary (Rogers) Tenison, natives of Ireland and Pennsylvania respectively. The parents came to Dallas in 1868, and both are now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Loucks have four children: Minnie, Anna, Josie and Mary. -^^i/znyb- --^ ■'ifmn^^ ^ AJOK ALEXAN DER C. LEMMON, a real-estate agent of Dallas, Texas, SiS?^ located in Dallas, in 1889, coming hence from Jefferson city, Missouri. A brief sketch of his useful and eventful life may be summed up in the following: Major Lemmoii was born in Paris, Henry county, Tennessee, June 13, 1838, eldest of three children of William H. and Nancy Amanda (Hughes) Lemmon. His paternal ancestors came to this country from Germany about the middle of the last century and settled in Pennsyl- vania. His great-grandfather, John Lem- mon, and two brothers coming together. John married and remained in Pennsylvania, but the brothers found permanent homes in Mary- land and South Carolina; John was a soldier of the Revolution, and upon the termination of hostilities moved with his family to Green county, Kentucky, where ho settled on and improved a line farm upon the banks of Green river, and known far and wide as Lemmon's bend: here he reared a large family of children, the greater portion of whom sub- sequently became pioneer settlers in the new States and Territories. His family was noted for Biblical names, as we find Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, John, Peter, James, Daniel and Rndian among the sons, while the same was true of the Christian names of the daughters. Major Lemmon's grandfather, Isaac Lemmon, born in Kentucky in 1781, was married to Elizabeth Edwards Moore, a daughter of Captain Moore who commanded a company in the famous General Morgan's command. The late John A. Moore, who died at Lee's Summit, in Jackson county, Missonri, in 1886, at the advanced age of ninety-one 3'ears, was her oldest brother. Isaac Lemmon, a soldier of the war of 1812, was with General Jackson at the battle of New Orleans, and died on the return be- fore reaching home; he left four children: William H., Sarah (Allison), John and Isaac. W. H., the father of the subject of this sketch was born in Green county, Kentucky, De- cember 27, 1807, and though but a child he soon became charged with the care and sup- port of the mother and family. Leaving the ancestral homestead at the age of seventeen, the family moved to Henry county, Tennessee, where W. H. learned the carpenter and cabi- netmakers' trade, which he successfully pur- sued for several years. On August 17, 1837, he was married to Nancy Amanda, youngest daughter of the late Archelaus Hughes of Williamson county, Tennessee; in the fall of 1839, he emigrated to Polk county, Missouri, and engaged in farming and stock-raising, in which he continued to the close of his life. In 1862, he was made a military prisoner, and confined at Springfield, Missouri, where 743 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. he contracted a severe fever, doubtless induced by exposure to the noxious effluvia attendant iipon prison life and hard labor upon the Ibrtiiications then being erected for the de- fense of the city, the labor being chiefly per- formed by military prisoners, who like Judge Leintnon had been arrested and imprisoned upon the charge of sympathy with the Re- bellion. At length he was released that he might find better quarters during his illness. On gaining freedom he met his old friend, Hon. J. J. Weaver, who kindly took him to his own home, procured medical aid and dis- patched for his wife in Polk county; but his disease proved fatal: he died August 31, 1862 in the presence of his wife and friends. Judge Lemmon was prominent in the politics of his county, and served as a judge of the county court from 1856 to 1860, he was also a con- sistent member of the Christian Church. Major Lemmon's maternal ancestors were from Wales, and settled in Virginia and the Carolinas at an early day; they were active participants in the Revolutionarj' struggle. Archelaus Hughes, his maternal grandfather, was a prominent citizen of Williamson and Henry counties, Tennessee, and the father of a large family. His eldest sou, Arch M. Hughes of Dresden, was a lawyer and poli- tician of prominence in the Western district, and was once defeated for Congress by John W. Crockett, son of the noted Davy Crock- ett, shortly following his death at the Alamo. The brothers A. M., Joseph B., and Brice Hughes all died in Tennessee, leaving fami- lies. William P. (Buck), died in Missouri a few years since, and Dr. Samuel P., the youngest of the brothers, from the latest ac- counts was living in the Indian Territory. The maternal grandmother, Nancy (Martin) Hughes, was a daughter of General Joseph Martin of Virginia, a gallant officer of the Revolution, who was the first agent to the Cherokee Indians appointed by President Washington. Some illegitimate Indian chil- dren born to him during his sojourn among the Indians, were by him educated in one of the best colleges of New England, these half- breeds took General Martin's name and after- ward became prominent and wealthy citizens of the Cherokee Nation. Major Lemmon was raised upon a farm and received his education in the common schools of Polk county, and the Southwest Male and Female College of Springfield, Missouri, of •which Charles Carlton, now of Bonham, Texas, was president. He began teaching in the public schools of his county, at the age of sixteen, and continued in the profession, except while at college, until the breaking out of the war in 1861. His sympathies being strongly with the South, he was among the first to volunteer from his county in the ser- vice of the Missouri State Guard, under General Sterling Price, enlisting as a private. He was upon the organization of the Fifth Regiment, General Rains' division, elected and commissioned Major of said regiment, J. J. Clarkson being Colonel, R. W. Crawford Lieutenant Colonel, and M. W. Buster, now Mayor of Weatherford, Adjutant. The late Colonel John M. Stemmons of Dallas was also an officer of that regiment. Major Lem- mon participated in the battles of Oak Hill where his horse was killed under him; Dry Wood and the skirmishes and siege of Lex- ington. His regiment being six-months troops, in the winter of 1861-'62, he re- cruited and organized a company for the regu- lar Confederate service, and was chosen its Captain and assigned to the Confederate re- cruiting corps at Springfield, then under command of Colonel Henry Little, and sub- sequently transferred to the recruiting force BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 743 under command of General Slack, who was killed at the battle of Pea Ridge; after his death, the brigade was commanded by Gen- eral Frank M. Cockrell, and did service in the Trans-Mississippi department, Colonel James McCown of Warrensburg being the Colonel. In the battle of Corinth, October the 4th, the subject of our sketch lost his right arm while gallantly charging the enemy's breast-works, and was subsequently assigned to the com- mand of the militai-y post at Montevallo, Alabama, which position he held until the surrender. After the war he was engaged in the mer- es o cantile business at Montevallo, Alabama, for three years. From, that time until October, 1889, when he came to Dallas, Texas, he was variously engaged at different places. In 1869, he returned to Polk county, Missouri, where he taught school and farmed; was principal of the schools at Bolivar, Missouri, County Clerk for five years; Commissioner of Schools one year, and Revenue Clerk in the State Auditor's oflice at Jefferson City, Missouri, four years; President of the West- ern Boot and Shoe Manufacturing Company, at Jefferson City; has devoted much time to newspaper work, having been a regular cor- respondent for the Kansas City Times, and St. Louis Post Dispatch, and local editor of the Jefferson City Daily State Times. He was elected official Reporter of the State Senate of Missouri, in 1887, and re-elected at the special session of the Senate in June following, and again re-elected in 1889. He has always been identified with the Demo- cratic party, and has ofttimes been delegate to State, Congressional and other conventions of the party. Major Leramon was marn-ied December 21, 1865, at Montevallo, Alabama, to Miss Louise J. Nabors, a native of that State, and youngest daughter of the late Colonel James M. and Caroline (Henry) Nabors, natives respectively of North Carolina and Tennessee. Colonel Nabors frequently represented Shelby county, Alabama, in both houses of the Leg- islature; he raised a large family of children, only two, however, are living, Mrs. Leramon and the eldest brother; John Henry Nabors, an extensive planter near Mansfield, Louisi- ana; the late Rev. Ezekiel Nabors of Pasca- goula, Mississippi; and James M., Jr., who died of yellow fever at Shreveport, in 1873, were brothers of Mrs. Lemmon; Mrs. Paro- lee McHenry, a lady of culture and literary talent, late of Mansfield, Louisiana, was a sister, as were the first wives of the Rev. U. B. Philips, pastor of the Methodist church, at Kaufman, Texas, and the Rev. W. G. Perry, of one of the Texas confer- ences. Her father died in 1852, and her mother at Summerfield, Alabama, in 1858. She was a lineal descendant of Patrick Henry, the orator of Revolutionary times. Her grandfather. Captain Henry, died in Chero- kee county, Texas, before the war. Mrs. Lemmon was educated by her kinsman and guardian, French Nabors, of Alabama, at Prof. Samuel's private school, at Talladega, and the Judson Female College, of Marion, Alabama, graduating from the latter in 1865. To Major Lemmon and wife, eight children have been born, two died in infancy, and A. C, Jr., a bright intelligent lad of twelve years, after ten months' severe illness from rheumatic hip-joint trouble, died in great peace on April 11, 1892, since this sketch was written. The living are: William Campbell, the eldest, of the real-estate firm of Mahana & Lemmon, 711 Main street, Dallas; Walter Scott, a lawyer and member of the well-known law firm of Russell, Cooper & Lemmon, 309 Main street, Dallas; 744 HISTORY OF DALLAS GOUNTT. Bertie Amanda, and Eulalia Louise, students at the Dallas high school; and James Wil- fred, the youngest, aged ten years. When he came to Dallas in the fall of 1889, he engaged at once in business with the real estate firm of Leopold & Lemon; after the dissolution of the firm, he continued in business alone until February 23, 1891, when he suflered a partial stroke of paralysis of the right side, which lias ever since disabled him from active business. Socially he is a member of Trinity Lodge, No. 198, and Ridgely Encampment, No. 25; Independent Order of Odd Fellows, with which order he has been connected for a quarter of a century, having held many important posi- tions therein, and represented his lodge in the Grand Lodges of Alabama, Missouri and Texas; he is a Deputy Grand Master of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, and a Past Chancellor of Amity Lodge, Knights of Pythias, Dallas. He is a strong believer in religion, and a member of the Southern Methodist Church, and resides at No. 318, Cole avenue. His only sister, Nancy J. Leinmon, ayoung lady of fine intelligence, died at the age of eighteen, in 1860. Her death was a very happy one, and produced a marked effect upon the remaining members of the family ever afterward. His mother, now in her seventy-fifth year lives with him and his only brother. Captain William H. Lemmon, corner Lemmon and Cole avenues, in the north part of the city. iENJAMIN E. TORBERT, member of the city police force of Dallas, settled in this county, January 21, 1872. He was born in Upson county, Georgia, June 17, 1845, the seventh in a family of eleven chil- dren. His parents were Lemuel and Martha (Glanston) Torbert. His father, a native of Tennessee and a farmer by occupation, was closely identified with the settling and im- proving of the locality in which he lived. His death occurred in 1870, at the age of sixty-nine years. Mr. Torbert's mother died in 1853, leaving a large family to mourn her loss. Our snbject began life as a farmer boy, and was engaged in agricultural pursuits until he reached his majority. He was united in marriage with Miss Millie Aven, August 22, 1866. She was the daughter of James and Rebecca (Rodgers) Aven. Her father was reared on a farm in Tennessee, and sub- sequently moved to Georgia, becoming one of the pioneers of that State. His death oc- curred there, June 1, 1882, at the advanced age of seventy-two years. Her mother died in 1881, in her sixty-second year. They left a large family. Of their children only five are now living, and all, save Mi's. Torbert, reside in their native State. When Mr. Torbert arrived in Dallas county, he had only $15 in money. Rent- ing a farm he at once went to work in earnest, but at the end of three years he was driven from the farm by the invasion of grasshop- pers that infested this locality at that time. Moving to the city of Dallas, he was variously employed for some time. In 1882 he ac- cepted a position on the city police force, and has been retained in that capacity ever since. During the war he served in the Confeder- ate army. In 1862 he enlisted in the six months' service, after which he joined the Woodson Guards of the Thirty-second Geor- gia Regiment, and served until the close of the war. He took part in numerous engage- ments, and was slightly wounded in the left side. HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 745 Mr. Torbert is a member of the Dallas L(xlge, No. 1,570, K. of H. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. Their union has been blest with three children, whose names are as fol- lows: Aven J., born July 18, 1867; Jeffer- son J., born February 19, 1869; and Ina M., March 3, 1883. K. HENSLEY, bookkeeper for T. ^ _ ^ L. Marsalis, was born in Texas, l*"§BTj'* Columbia county, September 3, 1849. His parents were Captain W. E. and Mary (Thompson) Hensley, who came to Texas in 1831 from Edinburgh, Johnson CDunty, Indiana. The father was a native of Kentucky, the mother of Tennessee. They were married in 1823. The father was a merchant and trader at Columbia, Texas. Captain Wm. E. Hensley, then a young man (we get this information from the Hon. John Henry Brown, wliose memory serves him well in reference to old settlers), came from Indiana to Texas in 1830 and was an educated surveyor. He settled on the upper Navidad river and was a member of the first convention ever held in Texas, October 1, 1832. This was an important convention and ignored by liistorians because the records were lost, as were those in 1833; but Mr. Brown, the historian, is in possession of an of- ficial record of its proceedings, as will appear in his history of Texas now in the hands of the publishers. Captain-Hensley was an ac- complished surveyor and did splendid and accurate work between San Antonio and Nueces river. He was also a fighter and often repelled the attacks of roving bands of Indians, in one case killing tiiree Indians and repelling the attack on his camp on the Eio Frio. Travis, the liero of Alamo, was a mem- ber of Captain Hensley's family at San Felipe in 1834-'35. Captain and Mrs. Hensley were his ardent friends. His last farewell in leaving for the Alamo was always tenderly remembered by them. Travis and his band fell on the 6th of March, 1836. A baby was born to them eleven days later and it was named Travis. In 1874 the baby, Travis Hensley, died in Dallas, leaving a widow and son who yet reside in this city. Captain Wm. R. Hensley proved himself to be a man of honor, intelligence and patri- otism. As a surveyor in the South and the western wilds he had no superior. When the Mexican war began in 1846 he was patriot- ically engaged in sustaining the American cause. He then became a merchant in Port Lavaca, controlling great wagon trains to Mexico, and 1849 died with cholera in La- vaca, lamented by the whole people as a brave, enlightened and patriotic man. The writer of this knew him through the last twelve years of his life, and now as a man of truth dare not say less, and he might say much more, in his praise. But few died with the cholera at Port Lavacca, but many at Indianola. He had just returned from a trip to New Orleans, where it is thought he con- tracted the disease. His wife died in 1873, at the age of sixty-live years. She was a noble woman and in every way worthy to be the wife of this brave, honored and patriotic man. These parents had six children, viz.: Alexander, Addie, Alford and Travis, all of whom died in Dallas; Mary, and William, our subject. Mr. Hensley was educated at Lavaca at common and private schools. He learned to keep books while with his brothers Alex- ander and Travis, and has been in that busi- ness all his life. He came to Dallas in 1873, and returned to southern Texas, returning to 746 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. Dallas two years since. He was married Janu- ary 10, 1872, to Miss Lizzie Womack, daughter of T. B. Womack of Victoria, Texas. Her par- ents are both living, her father at the age of sixty-six and her mother at the age of sixty. There are three living children, viz.: Mrs. Hensley, Jesse, and Travis, a girl. William died at the age of eighteen years. Our subject has two children living and two deceased. The living are: Fannie, with the J. B. Watkins Mortgage Company, girl clerk, stenographer and typewriter. She is efficient in her line and is doing good service. Thomas, office boy for Elliott & Price. Mrs. Hensley is a member of the Episcopal Church. Mr. Hensley is a member of the K. of H., and is a worthy and well-to-do citizen, whose friends are as numerous as his acquaintances. W. DOOLITTLE, one of the leading I. merchants and proprietors of the "Arcade" at Dallas, Texas, is a native of Utica, New York. His parents were Lloyd and Sophia (Stowe) Doolittle, the former a native of New York State, the latter of Eng- lish birth and parentage. The father was a wholesale merchant and grocer, dying in 1854, aged forty-two; the mother died some six six years latter, aged forty-three. She was a devoted, earnest Christian woman, greatly beloved and highly respected for her many virtues. Her membership in the Methodist Episcopal Church dated back to her young womanhood, and she lived a life that left an impression for good on the hearts of many a poor Btruggler for light. She and her hus- band had seven children, our subject, and Sarah Elizabeth, wife of Lewis W. Land, resi- dent of Cohoes, New I'ork, being the only surviving ones. Our subject lived in New York city for many years, engaged in the mercantile busi- ness. He then came South, to Memphis, Tennessee, about 1870, and engaged there in the same pursuit for fifteen years. He came to Dallas, Texas, and started the A.rcade, under tlie firm name of Doolittle, Simpson & C >., Nos. 312, 314, 316 Elm street. They are importers and jobbers of china, pottery, fancy goods and notions. The other partners in the firm are H. S. Simpson and A. E. Bate- man. Their building is 50x90 feet, with three floors, all filled with goods. They also have an adjoining building, 25x80, three stories high. In addition to this they have a warehouse on Pacific avenue, 50 x 90, one story high. In addition to their china and pottery they always carry a full line of hand- kerchiefs, hosiery, towels, notions, toys, glass- ware, tin- ware, queens- ware, wooden-ware, willow- ware and all kinds of fancy household goods. In all they have ten departments and at present employ forty- one clerks, which number is doubled during the busy season. Their sales amount to over $200,000 an- nually. They have the largest business of this kind in the city, and they do both a wholesale and retail business. In 1879 Mr. Doolittle was married to Mary V. McNamara, daughter of John and Elizabeth McNamara of Memphis, Tennessee. Mrs. Doolittle is a member of the Catholic Church and is a devoted mother and wife. She is a woman of many accomplishments and attaiments. Mr. and Mrs. Doolittle have seven bright and interesting children, namely: Sarah Edna, Anna Burough, Edwin Wallace, Elizabeth Sophia, Albert Lloyd, Edith Marie and Henry Simpson. Mr. Doolittle is a member of the Masonic order, blue lodge, chapter and commandry. HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 747 He is one of the most enterprising and public- spirited of the merchants of this city, being in thorough sympathy with the progress of the country in every line of advancement. His life furnishes a good example of what determination and perseverance can accom- plish when joined with strict integrity of character. ^ENNIS P. MAHONEY, Superinten- dent of the City Water Works of Dal- las, was born in Cork, Ireland, in 1846- His father was an extraordinarily tine gentle- man who came to America in 1850, landing at Boston. Mr. Dennis F. Mahoney lived seven years in Boston, attending school. In 1857 he went to New Orleans, where he further pursued his studies, and also learned the trade of boilermaker. At the beginning of the war he enlisted in Company K, Four- teenth Louisiana Infantry, Confederate States of America, and under General Magruder participated in the peninsular campaign. At an engagement at Sharpsburg, Maryland, he was severely wounded and consequently dis- charged from service. He returned home, and after his recovery went to Mexico and joined the Austrian army, as a member of Dupan's band, and had many exciting adven- tures during those perilous times under Maximilian. He left Mexico but a few days prior to Maximilian's capture, went to Phil- adelphia and thence returned to New Or leans and worked at his trade of boilermak- ing. From 1870 to 1884 he was engaeed in the cotton trade, and then came to Dallas, as superintendent for the Dallas Elevator and Compress Company, and continued in their employ until 1890, when he was chosen by the City Council as Superintendent of the City Water Works, the duties of which position he is now fulfilling with signal ability. The works already comprise forty-nine miles of mains, with a capacity of 6,500,000 gallons in twenty-four hour.s. He has been Aider- man of the second ward of this city, and dur- ing his term of office he was extremely vigil- ant of the people's rights. On national questions he is a Democrat, pure and simple. Has been active in labor organizations, being noted as a cool and sagacious counselor. He has a cosy residence at Oak Cliff. Mr. Mahoney was married in 1867, to Miss Margaret O'Connor, a native of Savan- nah, Georgia, and they had seven children that are now living. Mrs. Mahoney was a faithful wife and mother and died in 1889. In June, 1891, Mr. Mahoney married Miss Mary C. King, of La Fayette, Indiana. He is a member of the Church of the Sacred Heart, Catholic. —^>yxn/h' ~^l/inn^^ fE. BEEMAN, one of the successful citi- zens of Dallas county, was born in this * city, in 1854, the eldest child of Will- iam H. and M. E. (Dye) Beeman, natives of Illinois and Kentucky respectively. The father came with his parents, John and Emily Beeman, to Dallas in 1842, where he took up a headright, on a part of which the city of Dallas now stands, and both he and his wife still reside in this city. Our subject was reared and educated in Dallas, where he also learned the blacksmith's trade, which he followed continuously until 1882. In that year he was elected Marshal of East Dallas, also Assessor and Collector three terms, and in 1886 he was again elected City Marshal, having held that office from 1882 to 1889. In that year the two municipal governments united, making it all the city of Dallas. Mr. Beeman was the first and last City Mar- 748 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. shal of East Dallas. After his marriage he settled on Elm street, and in 1890 he bought a good residence on the corner of Kentucky and Residence streets, and also owns property on Kentucky street, which lie rents. He was married in this city, in 1876, to Miss Annie E. Russey, a native of Tennessee and a daughter of B. F. and Elizabeth (Par- ker) Russey, the former a native of Virginia and the latter of Tennessee. The father fol- lowed fanning aud stock-raising until after his removal to Dallas, in October, 1874, when he engaged in the manufacture of brick. The mother died in Tennessee, in 1862, and the father died in Dallas city, in March, 1889. Mr. and Mrs. Beeman have had three child- ren: Emmett Martin, Robert Earl and Eva Lena. Mr. Beeman is identified with the Democratic party, and during his adminis- tration as City Marshall he saw hard service, having been in six shooting affrays, and at that time had a large area to look over. ^ S. RANDALL is the proprietor of Randall's Cafe and Hotel at Dallas, Texas, which establishment, since its inception in June, 1880, has been the Mecca of the traveling public, for the excellence of its cuisine and its home-like and convenient appointments, make it a most desirable stop- ping place. The entire management of the house indicated the fact that intelligent and careful direction is exercised; and it is to the administrative ability of Mr. Randall that the position maintained by this house as a first- class European hotel is due. Mr. Randall was born in Delaware city, Delaware county, Ohio in 1848, the third in a family of twelve children born to Paul and Phoebe Ann (Wat- kins) Randall, the former a native of New York and the latter of Knox coiinty, Ohio. After his removal to Ohio Paul Randall was married, and engaged in the boot and shore business in Delaware, of which city he and his wife have been residents for over half a century, and where they still reside. E. S. Randall was reared and educated in Delaware and in 1864, enlisted from that town in the three-months service in Company D, Ohio National Guards, at the end of which time he was honorably discharged. He then enlisted in Company C, One Hundred and Eighty-sixth Ohio Infantry, and was mustered into service at Columbus, Ohio, being quartered during his three-months service at Arlington Heights, Washington, District of Columbia. During his service in the West he was quar- tered at Columbus, and Nashville, Tennessee, and Dalton, Georgia. He was mustered out of the service at Nashville, September 18, 1865, and returned to Delaware, Ohio. Later he received an appointment to the West Point Military Academy but remained there only a short time. Upon leaving his native State he went to Des Moines, Iowa, in 1867 and for about ten months thereafter kept a restaur- ant, continuing to follow the same calling at different points along the Union Pacific railroad as far west as Nevada. In 1869 he came to Mason county, Texas, and joined the Texas frontier force, in protect- ing the frontier from Indian depredations, which calling received his attention for one year. Two years were then spent in Austin, Texas, in the restaurant business, after which he was in Galveston for a short time. In this city he was married, in 1879, to Miss Lila M. Thackaray, a native of that city, and a daughter of Joseph Thackaray, a Pennsylvanian, his wife being a Texan of Ger- man descent. Mr. Thackaray became a resi- dent of Galveston in 1836, where he success- ife^ a^^c^^ ^ .^^j,^ HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 749 fully followed merchandising until his death in 1877. His widow is still living in Gi-alves- ton. In 1880 Mr. Randall settled perma- nently in Dallas and has devoted his attention to his present business, in the raanaojement of which he has shown excellent judgment. He is a Democrat politically and is a member of John A. Dix Post of the G. A. R. He belongs to Dallas Lodge No. 1,570 of the K. of H. and Dallas Lodge No. 71, Order of Elks. He and his wife are the parents of the following children: Irene, Phoebe, Louise, El- wood, Ermer Gray. Mr. Randall has seen a great change in Dallas since locating here, fur the growth of the city has been made since that period. He is interested in the progress of the place and aids all enterprises of a worthy nature with influence and money. -^^^^■^^^^^^^^^^ lENERAL GEORGE FREDERICK ALFORD. — An eminent historian and statesman of Texas, was born on the west bank of the Mississippi river, in the old Spanish-French town of New Madrid, Mis- souri, August 4, 1836, and is one of the earliest and most widely known pioneers of Texas, having emigrated to that young Re- public when it was in the throes of revolution with Mexico, in April, 1837, during the darkest days of its desperate struggle for sep- arate nationality. He is a son of Colonel George G. Alford, a native of Cayuga, Sen- eca county. New York, born June 19, 1793, reared on Lakes Chain plain and Cayuga, New York, served as Lieutenant of Artillery, under General Winiield Scott, during the second war of independence witii Great Brit- ain, in 1811-'13, and participated in the battles of Queenstown Heights, Lundy's Lane and other battles. He was the son of George 48 Alford, Sr., born March 10, 1763, and Bet- sy Hulbert, born February 12, 1765, to whom were born twelve children: Sally, Heman, Pol- ly, Elijah, George G, Rebecca, Amanda, John Mallory, Ethan Allen, Johnson H., Lucinda and Fanny. He was a cousin of General Ethan Allen of Revolutionary fame, the hero of Ticonderoga, Colonel Alford's grandmother and General Ethan Allen's mother being sis- ters. They were the daughters of Judge Mal- lory. In 1815 he moved, with his father's family, to Detroit, Michigan, then an obscure and remote frontier Indian village, making the trip in a small sail vessel, which was wrecked at what is now the great city of Cleveland. In 1819 he moved to New Madrid, Mis- souri, the former capitol of the Spanish prov- ince of Louisiana, about the time of the adtnis- sion of the Territory of Missouri into the Federal Union, un agara Falls, through Canada to Detroit, and thence to tiieir new home at Palestine, Texas, where the General and his I)rother, Hulbert M. Alford, engaged for some years in mer- cantile pursuits. In January, 1859, they moved to their large cotton plantation, at 753 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. Alford's Blnff, Trinity county, and in the fall of that year the General was elected one of the judges of that county, an office which he resigned, on the breakincr out of tlie war between the States, and espoused the cause of the Confederacy, although primarily op- posed to the ordinance of secession, as long as it was a debatable question, believing, with Governor Sam Houston, that resistance to Federal aggression upon the rights of tlie States should be made inside, and not out- side, the lines of the Union. He was three times a member of the Texan Legislature, rep- resenting the Ninth Senatorial District, com- posed of the counties of Anderson, Houston and Trinity; and bore a conspicuous part in the stirring political drama, enacted during the Civil war and the period of reconstruc- tion, or destruction, rather, which followed it. In 1866, he resigned his seat in the Legisla- ture, moved his family to Galveston, and en- gaged extensively in the wholesale trade cot- ton factorage, banking and foreign exchange; became one of the most successful business men of the Southwest; actively identified with every leading public enterprise of the day, and amassing a large fortune. The financial panic of 1873, the numerous failures which fol- lowed it, and the heavy decline in cotton and freight, seriously embarassed him, and dur- ing his long absence in Europe his house was forced to suspend, in August, 1875, with liabilities of about a third of a million dol- lars. His creditors, after a thorough examina- of the affairs of the firm, acquitted him of any blame for its downfall, and proposed a settlement of fifty cents on the dollar, with his own time in which to pay it. This generous offer he peremptorily de- clined, insisting on the payment of every dollar, principal and interest. After a heroic struggle of nine years, during which he sold and appropriated to the payment of his firm's indebtedness his homesteads in Mis- souri, Staunton, Virginia, and Galveston, all exempt by law, he at last succeeded in accom- plishing this herculean feat, and discharged in full every dollar of his own and his firm's indebtedness, principal, interest and cost, refusing to accept an abatement of one cent, thus perpetuating a record for commercial in- tegrity which is almost without a parallel in any age or country. In August, 1877, having retired from active business in 1875, he moved his family to Dallas, where he has since lived, in an elegant and spacious modern mansion, on an elevated terrace fronting the park, in a grove of beautiful forest trees, surrounded by all the comfort and luxuries of modern civiliz- ation, and respected and honored as the synonym of commercial integrity and moral grandeur. His time is congenially devoted to looking after his large real-estate interests in Texas and Chicago, his banking stocks in Dallas, and his silver and lead mining interests in Mexico: and his leisure hours are devoted to the cultivation of his literary and esthetic tastes. He is a writer of exceptional merit, strong, vigorous and incisive, and occasion- ally dallies with the gentle muses. His pen pictures of pioneer scenes and dramatic in- cidents in the early history of Texas, Cali- fornia and the Indian tribes, stand without a rival, and are extensively reproduced in all the leading literary journals of the country. His frequent contributions to current litera- ture are eagerly sought by the daily press of all the great cities. Although eminently qualified, by a ripe experience, a cultured and well trained mind, wealth, genial manners and an at- tractive and magnetic personality, to adorn HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 753 official station, he has no desire whatever for political proferment, preferring the c Jiuforts of his home, the love of his family and friends, the respect and confidence of his as- sociates, and the pleasures of his extensive library to all the glare and glitter and glory of feverish official life. For thirty-six years, he has traveled extensively, and always with intelligent watchfulness of surroundings, through all the States and Territories of the Union, Mexico, Central and South America, the West India Islands, Canada and Europe, and his mind is a rich store-house of valuable information and authentic history. His con- tact with cultured people of all nations, has given him a breadth of culture and liber- ality of thought that few people ever attain. No matter, though as a brave and adven- turous youth; or as a pioneer, struggling with adverse conditions; or as a chivalric soldier of fortune, cheerfully sharing the privations of his comrades; or as a legislator, grappling with the vexatious problems grow- ing out of the Civil war; or as a banker, handling his millions, calm, sagacious and just; his social, genial, traits of character shine out pre-eminent, and he is at all times, and under all conditions, the stanch, tried, true, generous friend to humanity. Although he takes no active part in the partisan political contests of the day, his well matured opinions carry great weight wherever his honored name is known (and that is far be- yond the limits of Texas), and his able and exhaustive articles, on subjects of national interest, finance, trade relations, domestic and political economy, mining, the arts and sciences, humor, jurisprudence, etc, are read with great interest, and meet with extensive popular approval. General and Mrs. Alford are the parents of ten children, six of whom are living: four sons, Albert, George, Eugene and Allen; and two daughters, Hallie and Linda. The eldest daughter was married November 15, 1881, and has three children. The eldest of them, a little, fair skinned, golden-haired, blue eyed granddaughter, is named Douschka, (Annie Linda) after the daughter of Gover- nor Pickens, whose wife, Lucy Ilolcomb, was the General's early playmate and companion. His youngest daughter, Linda D., was mar- ried to Dr. Milton M. Edmonson, August 30, 1892. General Alford has been a Democrat all his life, a member of the Masonic fraternity since 1857, and of the Masonic Grand Lodge of Texas for more than a third of a century. ^ENRY PRINGLE, proprietor of a IlilD ®^'oo'^ ^^ Main street, Dallas, Texas, "i^As has been a resident of Dallas since the fall of 1871, having settled here when this city was a mere hamlet. He at first engaged in the restaurant business, and later opened a saloon. In 1872 he turned his attention to the grocery business and continued that until 1875. Closing out his grocery at that time, he returned to the saloon business, continuino- the same until 1880. Then he opened a feed store at the corner of Elm and Sycamore streets. Since 1881 he has been ensjaored in his present busines on Main street. Mr. Pringle was born in Rostock, Meck- lenburg-Schwerin, Germany, July 2, 1846 the oldest child of Carl Pringle and his wife. Ills parents were born, passed their lives and died in Germany. At the age of thirteen years Henry went to St. Petersburg and there entered ujion the seafaring life as cabin boy, touching the various ports of England, Scot- land, Norway and Sweden, going as far north 754 HISTORY OF DALLAS VOUNTT. as ships cro, and when he was sixteen landed at New York. He returned to Scotland in 1861 but came back to New York the follow- ing jear. Landing in this county during the war, he at once enlisted his services for the Union. He became a member of Light Pol- don Company, known as the Fourteenth ^evf York Cavalry, which was consolidated with the Eighteenth New York Cavalry. He en- listed for three years or during the war. At one time he was under fire for twenty-four days. He received four gunshot wounds, and was confined to the hospital at New Or- leans for some time. After his recovery he returned to his company and was engaged principally in Louisiana and Mississippi, be- ing mustered out of the service at San An- tonio, Texas, in November, 1865. From there he went to Galveston, where he re- mained three years. In 1867 he had the yellow fever and came near losing his life. He was in Marlin two years. In 1871, as above stated, he located in Dallas. In 1875 Mr. Fringle was united in mar- riage with Emma Miller, a native of Saxony, Germany. Her father, Paul Miller, passed his life and died in Germany. To Mr. and Mrs. Fringle have been born four children; Henry Julius, Charley, Clara, Emma and Alfred. Mr. Fringle votes with the Democrat party, but is not an active politician. He is a mem- ber of the following organizations: Engine Company, No. 1, Volunteer Department; F. & F. Benevolent Association of Dallas; Dallas Lodge, No. 44, I. O. O. F. ; Ridgely Encampment, No. 25, I. O. O. F.; Dallas Lodge No. 70, K. of P. ; Uniform Rank, No. 18, K. of P.; Queen City Lodge, No. 191, K. of H.; Cornet No. 5, Chosen Friends; and the George H. Thomas Post, No. 6, G. A. R., Dallas. Aside from his other vocations, Mr. Pringle has been engaged in the real- estate business to some extent. He owns the house in which he does business on Main street. He is practically a self-made man. [OL. R. R. LAWTHER, proprietor of a feed store on Main street, Dallas, was born in Warren county, Pennsylvania, in 1836, the youngest of seven children born to James and Jane (Hood) Lawther, the for- mer a native of Scotland. When a boy he moved with his parents to Belfast, county Antrim, Ireland, where he was educated for the ministry. He was married in that city, and at the age of thirty-tive years he came to America, settling in Warren county, Penn- sylvania, where he engaged in farming. In 1841 he removed to Armstrong county, same State, where he died, in the fall of 1865; the mother died in the same county, in 1869. Colonel R. R. Lawther, our subject, re- ceived a common-school education, and spent two years as clerk in a store at Newburg, New York, and later went to Muscatine, Iowa, where he remained three years. After hig marriage he removed to Jefferson City, Mis- souri and embarked in the grocery busine^, and was at that place at the breaking out of the late war. In April, 1861, he enlisted in the firstcompany of State Troops organized at Jefferson City, and was with this company until after the battle of Lexington, when he was assigned as Adjutant to Gates' Regiment. After the reorganization at Springfield, Mis souri, Mr. Lawther was elected Major of the Third Missouri Cavalry, remained at Spring- field during the winter, and then fell back to Elkhorn Tavern, or Pea Ridge. Major Law- ther, at the battle of Pea Ridge led a charge, captured a battery, and was promoted Col- HISTORY OF DALLAS GOUNTT. 755 ouel by General Van Dora. He was then sent ti) Ricbinoiid, tlience to Arkansas, next East of the Mississippi river with Greneral Price and Van Dorn, and assisted in fortifying Corinth. After falling back from that city Colonel Lawther was sent to the Western De- partruent to take charge of Missouri Troops, and was servinsr under General Hindman when he was taken prisoner near Batesville, Ar- kansas. He was carried to Jefferson City, after a short time to the Gratiot street prison, St. Louis, thence to Alton penitentiary, two months later to Camp Chase, Ohio, from which place he was exchanged and sent to City Point, Virginia, where he received orders from the Secretary of War to report to E. Kirby Smith at Shreveport, Louisiana. He was next ordered to report to General Price, and assigned to take command of the Tenth Missouri Cavalry, served under General Mar- maduke on his raid in Missouri and Kansas, and at the close of the war he surrendered at Shreveport, Louisiana, in 1865. Colonel Lawther at once located in Galveston, Texas, and was engaged in the wholesale grocery business until 1877, when he removed to Brenham and followed the same business until coming to Dallas in 1885. The same year he opened up a grain, hay and feed business, which he has since continued. He was married in Muscatine, Iowa, in 1857, to Miss Ellen E. Hoopes, a native of Covington, Kentucky, and a daughter of J. J. and Amanda Hoopes, the former a native of Pennsylvania, and the latter of Kentucky. The mother died in Muscatine county, in 1889, and the father still resides in that county. Mr. and Mi"s. Lawther have live living chil- dren and two adopted, viz.: Harry P., a grad- uate of the law college at Charlotte, Virginia, is Alderman from the Seventh Ward, and a practicing attorney for the Equitable Mort- gage & Loan Company; .Joseph; Anna; Fred- die, wife of Thomas Beggs, a contractor of Dallas; William Preston, Riynund Ralston and Paul Warner. Mr. Lawther votes with the Democratic party, and is AlJerman from the Sixth Ward. He is a member of the Second Presbyterian Church, and has bean an Elder in Dallas and Brenham churches for fourteen years; Mrs. Lawther is also a mem- ber of the Presbyterian Church. Colonel Lawther is a man of broad liberal views in regard to State and national politics and firmly believes that Dallas, Texas, will become the commercial center of the great South- west. .i^EORGE W. CRUTCH ER, real estate. Bankers' and Merchants' National Bank, was born in Harrison county, Ken- tucky, in 1849. His parents are Granville and Rebecca (Dawson) Crutcher; both natives of Kentucky. The father was a Ken- tucky farmer of taste and public spirit for many years, and a fine stock-raiser as well. He came with his family to Dallas city in 1876 and has been a resident here ever since. He is now retired, at the age of seventy-four years. His wife's age is seventy-two years; both are members of the Christian Church and are as highly respected as they are widely known. They have a family of seven children, all of whom are living, viz.: William A., a far^ mer of Ellis county, Texas, his wife was Susie Renick, of Bourbon county, Ken- tucky; Rev. John H., a graduate of Ken- tucky University and a minister of the Christian Church for the past ten years: his wife was Miss Mary Barr; our subject; Lucile, wife of W. S. Wall, residing in Cyn- 756 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. thiana, Kentucky, of which city Mr. Wall is Mayor; Frauk M., residing in Dallas and a member of the firm of Cratcher Brothers: he married Miss Florence Jennings, of St. Louis; James D., an attorney of Dallas: his wife, Stella Jackson, of Austin, Texas; Charles F., member of the firm of Crutcher Brothers, in real estate. Our subject was educated at the common schools of Kentucky and the Kentucky Uni- versity. He came to Dallas in 1875. Before he came to Dallas he taught in the Commer- cial College of Kentucky University for two years. He was District Clerk for some one- half dozen counties in West Texas for two years, 1877 and 1878, then returned to Dallas. He was elected and served as Alderman two terms, and was elected Mayor of East Dallas in 1876, serving three terms in said office. His administration was a clean one and was characterized by economy, and at the same time advocated permanent improve- ments and an advanced policy. He made a popular and useful ofiicer. In 1881 he became manager of the very extensive land business of Mr. J. S. Dougherty, a position which he held from 1881 to 1888. In that latter year he became a member of the real- estate firm of Crutcher Brothers. Our subject was married February 4, 1876, to Miss Lenora Lawrence, daughter of Judge Lawrence, of Belton, Texas. Our subject and wife's home has been blessed in the birth of six children, viz.: Harry Ward, Pauline, Lura, Tom Granville, Daisy Helen, and Edith. Both parents are members of the Christian Church. Our subject is a member of the Masonic order, also the Knights of Pythias. In politics our subject affiliates with the Democratic party. Mr. Crutcher is public- spirited in his views and a worthy and highly esteemed citizen. The Crutcher Brothers were established first as Crutcher & Crowd us, in 1884: afterward Crutcher Brothers & Aikius. In 1887, Mr. Aikins retired from that firm, and the other members, F. M., C. F. and G. W. Crutcher, formed a co-partnership, which has been very successful in real-estate trans- actions and operations of all sorts. Mr. F. M. Crutcher, senior member, is a Notary Public; 0. F. Crutcher is a surveyor — oc- cupations that give them especial advantages in the negotiation and sale of real estate, city and country — and Mr. G. W. Crutcher super- vises their department of western lands. Crutcher Brothers are engaged in buying and selling real estate, in loaning money and negotiating loans, in collecting, in renting property, in rendering for and paying taxes on lands in any part of Texas, and in man- aging estates. They have a great deal of city and country property listed with them, and have sold Western, Texas and Panhandle lands for the past ten years. Persons having relations with them will find them thor- oughly posted and entirely reliable. -«fe 3-«' fHOMAS B. TROTMAN, the genial ^/jpj). commercial traveler for a Chicago house, dealing in shoes, is worthy of mention in the history of this county. He was born in Huntsville, Alabama, September 29, 1847. His parents are John B. and Maria A. (Clop- ton) Trotman. The former was born at Dan- ville, Alabama, June 28, 1812. He removed to Huntsville in 1836 and was a merchant of that city under the firm name of Trotman & Nance, and remained there until 1875, doing a large and very successful business until the HI8T0R7 OF DALLAS COUNTY. 757 war. He moved to Dallas in 1875 and has been an honored resident ever since. He has retired from active labors and is now living with the subject of this sketch, having reached the age of eighty. He has been a prominent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church for over sixty years and is also a Royal Arch Mason. His estimable wife is also still living, aged seventy-four years, and has been his de- voted and faithful wife for forty-six years. She too is a member of the Methodist Epis- copal Church. They have had four children, Thomas B., our subject; John W., commer- cial traveler, died in Dallas, June, 1877; he married Florence Adelia Hawkins, daughter of Mrs. P. A. Hawkins of Dallas; their only child is Willie Adelia. TuUie Ola, wife of George K. Merriwether of Dallas, is the ne.xt child, and their children are, Hattie, Sarah and George K. The fourth child is Hattie, wife of Fred Manget of St. Louis, and their family consists of Hattie, Fred, Tullie, Felice, Paul and Jessie Estelle. Our subject was educated in Huntsville until he was fourteen, when he engaged in the drug business for two years as clerk. In 1864 he joined Company F, Fourth Alabama Cav- alry, under General Forrest, and was dis- charged at Gainesville, May 4, 1865. He took part in the battles of Mississippi, Tennessee, Georgia and Alabama, serving as a private through the war. He was never wounded or taken prisoner. He stood the service well, be- ing on raid duty as cavalryman. During the latter partof the war the command fought Wil- son's raid from Plantersville, Alabama, to Ma- con, Georgia: also were in the fight at Colum- bus, Georgia. After his discharge Mr. Trot- man remained in Mississippi on business until September of the same year, when he returned home and attended school for one year. He then clerked for two years, when his father formed a partnership with him in the grocery and fui-niture business, under the firm name of Trotman & Son, at Huntsville, Alabama. Here they did a successful business, until 1874, when they failed and our subject went to St. Louis, and, moving his family to Dal- las, began to travel for Shryock «fe Rowland until May, 1877, when he engaged with Appleton, Noyes & Company, a wholesale shoe house, at St. Louis. They failed in January, 1879, and he went to Galveston, Texas, and traveled for P. T. Willis & Brothers until 1889. From 1889 to 1891 he engaged in real-estate business in Dallas, but the old life on the road had more attractions for him and he entered the commercial line again, traveling for a Chicago house — Selz, Schwab &Co. He was married in 1871, to Henriett Cooper, daughter of J. AV. aqd E. H. Cooper of Huntsville, Alabama. Both her parents (Mr. and Mrs. Cooper) are still living. They have eight children, of whom Mrs. Trotman is the oldest. The next child is Louisa, wife of W. M. Green, living in San Antonio, Texas,; Lawrence married Eliza dauo-hter of Rev. George W. Price of Nashville, Tennes- see, and is a prominent attorney of Hunts- ville, Alabama; Joe married Miss Winter of Georgia, a niece of Mrs. H. L. Clay of Hunts- ville, Alabama; William T. resides in Hunts- ville, Alabama; Carroll, married a daughter of Dr. Goodyear of Memphis, where Carroll and his wife reside; Cornelia and Alene are the two youngest of the family and the for- mer is an artist in the true sense of the word while the latter is an accomplished young lady in other ways. These two are still of the home circle. Our subject and wife have three children. Thomas, aged fifteen; Henrietta, aged twelve, and Louisa, aged six, — bright, promising little 758 HISTOIiY OF DALLAS COUNTY. ones. Ijoth parents are members of the Methodist Episcopal Churcli South. Our subject is a member of the Masonic chapter. He is a worthy, good citizen and a thorough gentleman, pleasing in address 'and as a citi- zen is highly respected by all who know him. ^. El* D. HE NDERSON, one of the active, pushing, enterprising citizens of [® Oak Cliif, Alderman for that beauti- ful city, mayor pro tern, of the town, also chief cotton clerk in the office of the general freight aaent, of the Texas & i-*acilic railroad at Dallas, was born in Memphis, Tennessee, November 10, 1842. His parents are William and Elvira Ann (Williams) Henderson, natives of Ireland and Virginia, respectively. The father came to America when he was about twenty-two years old, in 1837. Foraperiod of his life he was a merchant in Memphis, Tennessee, then was made vice-president of the Equitable Life Insurance Company, of New Orleans. He was subsequently connected with the Home Fire Insurance Company, of New Orleans. He now lives a retiredlife atBeloxi, Mississippi, aged sev- enty-six. His faithful wife diedwhen only thirty-six. Our subject is the older in a family of two; the other is his sister Josie, wife of John Barktey, resident of New Orleans, of the firm of John Barkley and Co., sugar dealers. W. D. Henderson was educated at the Fourth District Boys' High School at New Orleans, completing the course in 1861. He enlisted in the same year in the Fifth Com- pany of Washington Artillery, of New Or- leans. This was a most celebrated com- mand, having been organized in 1845. His first service was with the army ol' the Tennessee at the battle of Shiloh; then at Corinth, Mis- sissippi; next at Guattanooga, Tennessee, where he was pro noted to thi clerkship of theChief Purchasing Commissary of the Army of Teune-isee, when not twenty years of age. The position was one of responsibility and trust and gives evi le ici of tha hi'h esteo.n in which he vvas held. While he was soi-ving in this capicity, the army pissei through Kentucky, having battles under General Bragg. They tojk in the battles of Mum- forJiville, Perrjville and B.irdst)\vn, where they inaugiiratei a Confederate Gjvernir. On the reorginizttion of the C-).n nissiry, in 1864. he returned to the ranks and was in the siege of Atlanta for nearly thirty days, and later was under General Hool at the battles of Franklin and Nashville, Tennessee, the second battle at Murfreesboro, and prior to this the bittle at Tonjsbjro a-rl Lovejoy station. After the NishviUe battle the array went to Greenboro, North Carolina, where he surrendered with General Johnston. The war closing Mr. Henderson became a partner in a company under the firm name of Jackson, Kilpitrick & Eeui^rsoa, at New Orleans and continue i with them for four years, when he went to California, returning to Galveston, Tjxas, after an absei^jo of six years. In a fevv months he male his way to Dallas, and in 1886 engaged with the Texas and Pacific Railroad, in his present position, where he has remained ever since, giving great satis- faction by his able service to t le vi?A. Hj was elected Alderman of Oak Cliff, April 5, 1892, and has since been elected Mayor pro tem. He is chairman of the school commit- tee and is an important factor in the educa- tional affiirs of the city. He is aLs ) chiir- man of the committee on municipal records, and is on two other important committees, being keenly alive to the interests of Oak HISTORY OP DALLAS C0UNT7. 759 Cliif. His towns-people demonstrated their appreciation of liis services to the city by giving him a heavy vote at that election. Mr. Henderson was married, October 20, 1868 to Miss Maggie Boyle, a daughter of James and Elizabeth Boyle, of county Kil- kenny, Ireland. Mrs. Henderson is a lady of culture and refinement, and of extensive read- ing and travel. She had six years of most successful experience in the Galveston schools and also taught in Dallas. Mr. and Mrs. Henderson have had six children, Josie B., who completed a course of study at Sam Houston Normal Institute, Huntsville, Texas, nnder the State appoint- ment of Senator R. S. Kimbrongh. Stella was elected as the railroad boys' candidate to Eminence College, Kentucky, and grad- uated therefrom, obtaining the medal for scholarship; Jessie May, their first child, died at an early age; and Katie, the third child died when fourteen years of age. The brothers, Lucien G. and Roy, are quite young. Both parents and their daughters are mem- bers of the Presbyterian Church. Mr. Hen- derson is a member of K. of P. and takes interest in politics, being in sympathy with the Democrats. The surroundings of their family residence at Oak Cliff points to the taste, culture and refinement of its owners. ;R. F. S. DAVIS, physician and surgeon, and a prominent citizen of Dallas, is a native of Indiana, Clay county, born October 25, 1858. His parents are Dr. A. P. Davis and Iva J. (Elkins) Davis, the latter a native of Kentucky and the former of New York. The father was a physician and re- sided in Terre Haute, Indiana, two years; also practiced in Illinois for a time. Is a graduate of the Rush Medical College, Chicago, and practiced in Vigo and Craw- ford counties, Indiana, later in Edgar county, Illinois, going there from Indiana in 1872. He came to Texas in 1877 and located at Corsicana, where he had a splendid practice, which he managed well until his health failed, when he sold out to his partner. Dr. Fisher. He then went to New York, took a special course in ophthalmology, came to Dallas in the spring of 1880, and this has been his home ever since. He has had a large practice, both general and special. The past four or five years most of his time has been spent in a special line. His age is about fifty-seven years; his wife's age is about fifty- nine years. They have four living children, namely: Eliza J., wife of George King: they reside in Dallas; F. S., our subject; William W., residing in Corsicana; his wife was Mabel Brooks: in business he is a trader, and quite successful; Dr. E. E. Davis, the youngest of the family, is a resident of Dallas: his wife was nee Emma Drake. Our subject received his literary education at Paris, Illinois, at an academy conducted by Prof. Hurty, who is quite an educator in that portion of the State. He read medicine under his father, and graduated in 1883 at the Hahnemann Medical College of Chicago. He located in Dallas after graduation in the spring of 1883, and has been a continuous practitioner here ever since. He has had a very good practice, which has increased from year to year. He is a member of the State Medical Association of Texas. The Doctor is genial, pleasant and of a social nature, which makes his acquaintances his friends. He was married November 10, 1887, to Miss Mary Hill, daughter of Waid Hill. He 760 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTT. and his wife are old residents of Dallas, well and favorably known among a large circle of acquaintances. They came from Tennessee, but were natives of Georgia. Mrs. Dr. Davis is the younger of a family of two children; the other is Dr. William L. Hill, residing in Salt Lake City, Utah. He is a young man of good habits, well read, a hard student and a young man of much promise. He is also a graduate of the Hahnemann College, Phila- delphia. The home of our subject and wife has been blessed in the birth of one child — Raymond Hill. Both parents are members of the church — the Doctor of the Christian Church, and the wife of the Baptist Church. They are both very active and devout members, taking an active interest in all the different departments of church work. (LAllENCE W. GANG, a progressive and reliable business man of Dallas, Texas, and president of the Estado Land and Cattle Company, was born in Tar- rant county, this State, April 18, 1858, and is the son of General R. M. and Mattie J. Gano, early settlers of the Lone Star State. In 1865 the General removed with his family to Kentucky, where the subject of this sketch lived until 1876. He was educated at Beth- any College, West Virginia, at which he graduated in the class of 1876. Since then he has been located in Dallas, where his first business e.xperience was in real estate with his father and brother, the late John T. Gauo. In 1882 General Gano retired, the business being continued by the Gano brothers. On November 2, 1891, John died, since which time the business has been continued as be- fore, his widow, Mrs. Clara B., as survivor of her husband's estate, continuing as partner. In 1884 the Estado Land and Cattle Com- pany was organized by the father and two brothers, with headouarters in Dallas, iiaving a paid up capital of $2U0,000, and which has proved very successful, reflecting great credit on the enterprise of the projectors. Besides being president of this corporation, Mr. Gano is also vice-president and director of the Bankers' and Merchants' National Bank of Dallas, which has a capital stock of $500,- 000. He is also a director of the Bankers and Merchants' Bank Building Company, which has a capital stock of $200,000. He is a director of the Cavinal Mining Company, dealing in lands in the Chicaksaw Nation, with headquarters in Dallas; and is a promi- nent member of the Dallas Board of Trade. He was married November 10, 1886, to Miss Eugenia Lowe, a native of the Lone Star State, and a daughter of Judge T. J. Lowe, an eminent jurist of Guthrie, Oklaho- ma. She is a graduate of the Female College at Staunton, Virginia, is a thorough scholar, an accomplished musician, and especially noted as a vocalist of exceeding sweetness and power. They have had one child, Elizabeth Frances, a demure little lady of five, who made her entrance on life's busy scene Au- gust 20, 1887. Although not a wire-pulling politician and fire-eating demagogue, Mr. Gano takes au active interest in public affairs of importance, frequently participating in the conventions of his party. Both Mr. Gano and his worthy wife are earnest and useful members of the (jentral Christian Church of Dallas, to the support of which they liberally contribute. Mr. Gano possesses sterling qualities of mind and heart which, aside from his dis- tinguished family connections, would make him a representative man of any community. BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNT 7. 761 Of business ability and tact, of a progressive disposition and of unimpeachable integrity, he is calculated to make his way to success amid the good wishes of his fellow-men. fOHN JACKSON was born in Devon- shire, Eugland, February 25, 1834. He received his education there, and at the age of fourteen years came with his father's family to America. They made the voyage in a sail vessel, were nine weeks on the sea, landed at New Orleans some time early in June, and there took steamboat for Shreve- port. At the latter point they bought three yoke of oxen and wagons and started for Dallas county, being from June till October in reaching their destination. They had much difficulty in driving the oxen and were also delayed by sickness and death, the youngest of the family dying at Mount Pleasant; extra expenses thus incurred, doctor's bill, etc., amounted to $1,000. Reaching their destina- tion, the father took a homestead claim under the Peters Colony, and they all began the work of developing a farm. Many interesting incidents of their pioneer life might here be recounted had we space. Mr. Jackson remained with his father until 1857. He himself had pre- empted 160 acres of land and had proven up on it; so in 1857 he married, settled down and commenced improving his farm. Soon the war came, and in 1862, feeling it his duty to enter the service of his adopted country, he enlisted in William Jackson's, (his brother) company, and was with the forces that oper- ated in the Indian Nation and in Arkansas; saw some skirmishing but was in no regular battles, nor was he ever wounded or captured. He was in active service six months, and was discharged on account of sickness. Besides Captain Jackson, our subject also had another brother in the war, Frank Jackson, who was wounded at the battle of Elk creek, his skull being fractured by the explosion of a shell. About 1867 Mr. Jackson resumed farming and stock-raising, and as the years rolled by prosperity rewarded his earnest etforts, he added to his original holdings and became the possessor of a large estate. He has given a farm to each of bis children and still retains 640 acres. His homestead with its attractive residence and surroundings forms one of the most beautiful rural places in the county. While he is engaged in general farming, raising wheat, oats, corn and cotton, he also gives much attention to stock, having on his farm a thoroughbred stallion. In 1857 Mr. Jackson jnarried Miss Mary C. Perry, who was born in Illinois, February 17, 1836, daughter of Westren and Sarah (Noble) Perry, natives of Illinois and Indiana respectively. They settled in Texas in 1846. By this happy marriage six children were born, viz.: Viola, November 26, 1857, died August 29, 1859; John P., October 27, 1859; William F., July 26, 1862; George A., May 8, 1865; Charles E., December 28, 1867; and Andrew, July 23, 1870. After lingering for years with consumption, the loving wife and mother passed away in April, 1886. In March, 1887, Mr. Jackson wedded Miss Eleanor M. Guy, who was born in England, April 80, 1857. She came to America with some friends and settled in Texas, April 25, 1882. Her mother died before she came to this country; her father is still living in Eng- land. By his second marriage Mr. Jackson has one child; Mary A., born December 7, 1887. He and his wife are church members, she being an Episcopalian and he a Mission- ary Baptist. Politically, he is a Democrat. Mr. Jackson's father, John Jackson, Sr., 762 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. was born in Devonshire, England; was reared on a farm in his native country and was all his life identified with farming interests. Be- coming); dissatisfied with England, and, being always an earnest advocate of republican in- stitutions, he was induced through the infiu- ence of Mr. Peters to emigrate to America. The expense of bringing his family to this country, and the sickness and death already referred to, exhausted the most of his means, and when he reached his destination he had to begin life at the bottom and work his way up. With the efficient aid of his sons he was soon on the way to prosperity, and success crowned his efibrts. He was born in 1806, and died here at his home in May, 1866. His widow is still living and is hale and hearty. She was born in 1806, daughter of George Amery. She and her worthy hus- band underwent many of the trials and hard- ships of pioneer life, yet were pleased with their adopted country. While he passed away many years ago, she still lingers and notes with pleasure the prosperity of her children. fR. PALMER, D. D. S., real-estate dealer in the Bankers and Merchants' Bank ' building, was born in Wilson county, Tennessee, August 26, 1829. His parents were Henry D. and Martha (Angeuille) Palmer, natives of South and Nortii Carolina respectively. The father was in the war of 1812 and was on the way to the battle of New Orleans with the Tennessee troops at the time it occurred. He served throucrh the war as a private and would not receive any recompense for his services to the Gov- ernment. He was a minister, first in the Presbyterian and then in the Christian Church. He preached in Tennessee, Ken- tucky, Indiana and Illinois, being well known in the ministry of his church and was considered a leading man. He never took any part in politics, except in 1848, when he was a member of the Constitutional Conven- tion for the State of Illinois. He was after- warJ solicited to run for Governor, but re- fused. He was a man of strong character, and was a devout Christian, being known everywhere as Father Palmer. He died in 1863, at Eureka, Illinois, aged eighty-nine. He was in the ministry for over fifty years, and during that time brought many hundreds into the church, besides settling many serious disputes in church and State. His wife died some years later, about 1870, aged eighty- five. She was a member of the church from childhood, was eminently a domestic woman, the mother of sixteen children, fourteen of whom she raised to mature years. Of this family, two sons and four daughters are still living, and they reflect their mother's piety. Her character was a well rounded one; she was not demonstrative, but constant and firm, her faith being founded on principles that were well studied and conscientiously fol- lowed out all her beautiful life. The oldest child that grew to maturity was Dr. A. B. Palmer, who settled in Dallas county, Texas, in 1852. He died in 1874, aged sixty-five, having practiced until his death. He resided in what is now Do Soto, Dallas county. He left one son. Dr. William Palmer, a resident of Ellis county. The daughters are: Mrs, Robert Daniels, wife of a prominent farmer of this county; Mrs. Dr. T. II. Stuart, of De Soto. Three of the family were doctors, our subject, A. B. and II. D., of Kansas City. Our subject was educated, professionally, at St. Louis and Baltimore, in dentistry and medicine, and practiced them both, the for- mer for twenty-five years. He came to Texas HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 763 in 1865 and settled in Palestine, Anderson county, where he practiced for some years and then came to Dallas, in 1887. Since his arrival here he has been engaged in the real- estate business. He was living at Fayetteville, Arkansas, ■when the war broke out, and he enlisted in the C. S. A., as a private iu 1861, but when the company was organized he was made First Lieutenant, and afterward promoted to be Captain. He was wounded and retired in November, 1864. After his return home he was elected to the State Legislature, in the fall of 1864, and received all but four of the votes, and^there were nine candidates; so it was a high compliment to his popularity and true worth. He did not know that he ■was a candidate until he received his certifi- cate of election, which he has yet, printed on Confederate paper. As the enemy captured Little Rock before they met, and afterward, when the war was over, they were not allowed to meet, the election was an empty honor. The Doctor is Grand Protector to the Knights and Ladies of Honor, and is devot- ing most of his time to the interests of this order in Texas. He holds the highest ofEce in the State, and has been representative to the Supreme Lodge of the United States for eight years. In this he feels that he is doing great good. It is a benevolent order and is of great benefit to the members. His posi- tion is a serviceable one and very much to his taste. The order numbers ^bout 75,000 members and is rapidly increasing. It has paid out more than $7,000,000 up to the present time, paying about $1,000,000 per year, and is now fifteen years old. There are about 120 lodges in the State, and it is the first benevolent lodge that took women in on an equality with the men, and trial has proven them to be three per cent, better than the stronger sex in matters of this kind. Our subject was married at Macomb, Illi- nois, in 1856, to Miss Ann Augusta Brook- ing, daughter of Major T. A. Brooking, of Richmond, Virginia, and son of Chief Justice Brooking, of Virginia. Both Mr. and Mrs. Palmer are worthy members of the Christian Church, of which the Doctor was Elder for many years before coming to Dallas. Mrs. Palmer is a native of Kentucky, and has proven herself a good true wife to a worthy husband. Dr. Palmer is a worthy, good citizen, and lends his influence to what he considers the best welfare of the city. He is a man well fitted for the office he fills, and his work reflects his recognized ability. fOHN STUDEBAKER WITWER, Post master of Dallas, was born in Lancas- ter county, Pennsylvania, June 11, 1850' a son of George Witwer, also a native of Pennsylvania, and a minister of the gospel for thirty-five years. His maternal ancestors were the Studebakers, whose represeutatives at South Bend, Indiana, are the greatest manufacturers of wheeled vehicles in the world. Postmaster Witwer being a nephew of the Studebaker Brothers. They were remotely of German origin. Rev. Witwer's labors were in Ohio, Indiana and Missouri, and therefore our subject's life was one of fre- quent change. At the age of twenty he came southwest, and located for a brief pe- riod at Kosse, Texas, and in 1872 came to Dal- las, where he established himself in the wagon and buggy business. Although serving as Postmaster he still continues a successful busi- ness. Mr. Witwer has been identified with the business, educational and political inter- ■264 HISTORY OF DALLAS OOITNTT. ests of the city, having been a member of the City Council, member of the School Board andnow one of the directors of the State Na- tional Bank, of Dallas. Mr. Witwer has always been a conservative Republican and was a delegate from his dis- trict to the Republican National Convention in Chicago in 1884. A thorough knowledge of the city's needs in her public service, gained by a twenty years' business career, and his splendid chararter and good standing with the people of Dallas pointed to his selection as the head of the postal department here. His selection for this office and his manner of conducting the same are ample proof of his qualifications for this important position. His commission from President Harrison bears date of July 19, 1889, and he entered upon the duties of the position September 16» following. As Postmaster he has given entire satisfaction to the public and the man- agement of the otiice is thorough and system- atic. He is a man of good intellect and busi- ness tact, has a natural business ability and energetic disposition that will mark his way to success. On August 16, 1871, he married Miss Florence C. Buck, of LaPorte, Indiana. They have four children, two sons and two daughters. The family is connected with the Second Presbyterian Church. Our subject is the oldest of a family of twelve children, whose names are as follows: Rebecca Frances, wife of Daniel Sell, who died at the age of twenty years, leaving two sons, George and Clement; Leah is the wife of Joseph Kopsey, who is draftsman for the Studebakers in Chicago; Maria Ada is the wife of John Mohler, of Joliet, Illinois: Mr. Mohler is foreman of the Joliet Manufac- turing Company; Timothy Wilbur is cashier and confidential clerk for Studebaker Brothers in Chicago; George M. is occupying an impor- tant position at South Bend, with Studebaker Brothers: Clement S. is superintendent of the Joliet Manufacturing Company at Joliet, Illinois; Daniel V. died in infancy ; Edwin S. is employed and holding a responsible position with Studebaker Brothers at South Bend, Indiana; Dora died in infancy; Jacob Frank and Harvey are in the wagon and buggy busi- ness at Joliet, Illinois. Rev. George Witwer died October 1, 1886, at the age of sixty-two years. His wife is still living, at the age of sixty-three years. Rev. Witwer was a minister of the gospel for thirty-five years, in the German Baptist Church. Mr. Witwer's wife's parents were Alvin and Alvira (Wadsworth) Buck. The Wads- worths were of the same family, of Revolu- tionary fame. Alvin Buck was one of the pioneer settlers of LaPorte county, Indiana, having moved from Massachusetts after his marriage to LaPorte county early in the thirties. He was a farmer and dairyman. He died October 19, 1881, at the age of eighty-three years. His wife is still living, at the age of eighty-two years. Although she has been blind for many years she is a remarkably healthy and happy woman. James and Dexter Buck are farmers and capitalists. Mrs. Buck has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church almost all her life. Her husband was one of fourteen children and she was one of twelve children. Mrs. John S. Witwer is the youngest of six children, all of whom are living, namely: Lydia, who lives with her sister, Mrs. Edson; Cleantha, wife of David Edson who resides in Missouri; De.xter is married to Miss Hat- tie Cartwright and resides in LaPorte, Ind- iana: he is a retired merchant; James is mar- ried to Celia Oder and resides in LaPorte, St^ BISTOBY OF DALLAS GOUNTT. 76.-. Indiana: he is a fanner and capitalist; Joseph, unmarried and a farmer. Ella Alvira, our subject's oldest cliild, is the wife of F. G. Claiborne, acting cashier of the Central National Bank, of Dallas. Walter Clare, the second, is collector for the North Texas National Bank; Mary Louise and John Wilbur are attending school in the city. ^ ^^ lcp,ON. WILLIAM LAFAYETTE THOMPSON, attorney, Dallas, Texas, — Lonisiania has given to Dallas, Texas, many estimable citizens, but she hfiS contrib, nted none more highly respected, or, for the conscientious discharge of every duty in every relation of life, more worthy of respect and esteem, than the subject of this sketch. He was born in Greensburg, Louisiana, October 1, 1838, and was sixth in order of birth of seven children born to Alexander and Doror thea Pryor (Womack) Thompson, natives re- spectively of Georgia and Louisiana. The parents were married in the last nan^ed State and there passed the remainder of their days, the mother dying abougt 1847 and the father in 1852. The latter was a planter by occu- pattion and followed that successfully all his life. Hon. William L. Thompson was reared on the plantation and received his literary edu- cation at Florence, Alabama, gratuating with the class of 1859. He subsequently entered the Low School at New Orleans, and gradu- ated from that institution in 1861, after which, in the same year, lie enlisted at New Orleans in Company G, Fourth Louisiana Infentry, as private for one year. He partici- pated in the battle of Shiloli and after that engagement and reorganization of the regi- ment he joined the Point Coupee Battery, 60 Company B, with which he remained until the close of service, participating in all the battles of north Mississippi, viz.: Corinth, Fort Pemberton, Baker's creek and Jackson. After the battle of Baker's creek he retreated with General Loring to Jackson, Mississippi, and was in the six or seven days' light at that place. He was also in the battle at Baton Rouge. Mr. Thompson was sent on detached service to East Louisiana, and surrendered at Clinton, Louisiana, in 1865. He immediately returned to St. Helena parish and engaged in the practice of law. In 1868 he was elected to the State Senate under the reconstruction acts of Congress, represented five parishes and served four years. In 1874 he moved to Texas, located in San Antonio, and practiced his profession until elected to the Legislature from Bexar county. He was reelected and at the ex- piration of his term was appointed by Presi- dent Cleveli^nd special inspector of customs. He located on the lower Rio Grande, served twelvp months, and was then transferred to El Paso, Texas, his district extending over New Mexico and Arizona. He was sent with two special agents of the Treasury Depart- ment to the principal mining district of Old Mexico to investigate the Mexican ore ques- tion. Being relieved from the Federal ser- vice, he located in Dallas, Texas, and resumed the practice of law. There he has resided ever since. Mr. Thompson was married in St. Helena parish, Lonisiania, to Mi:*s Neanie Andrews, August 15, 1865, a native of East Feliciana parish, Louisiana, and the dangliter of Elisha and Eliza (Jackson) Andrews, the father a native of South Carolina, and the mother of Tennessee. Her grandfather, Thomas Jack- son, was in the Revolutionary war with Marion. Mr. Andrews moved from South 70(J HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. Carolina to Louisiana at an early daj and be- came a very wealthy planter. He died in the latter State in 1863 and his wife survived him until 1873. Mr. Thompson lost his wife in San Antonio, Texas, in 1883. To them were born four children: J. Wheat, married, and resides at San Antonio, Texas, is now clerk in the United States army; Batie, now Mrs. Charles J. Grant of Dallas, Texas; Lettie E., wife of D. P. Wheat, an attorney of Ueaumont, Texas, and Hei'bert Andrews, who is now fourteen years of age. Socially, Mr. Thompson is a Royal Arch ilason, is a life member of St, Helena Lodge, No. 96, St. Helena parish, Louisiana, and he is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church Soutii. He is an Adjutant of Sterling Price Camp, Confederate Veterans of Dallas, Texas, and is also Adjutant General of the United Confederate Veterans and Chief of Staff of Lieutenant General W. L, Cf^bell of the Trans-Mississippi Department, United Con- federate Veterans. |UDLEY G. WOOTEN, attorney at law, Dallas, the senior member of the law tirm of Wooten & Kimbrougli, was born in Missouri, in June, 1858, a son of Thomas D. and Henrietta (Goodall) Wooten, natives of Kentucky. Asa surgeon, his father stands at the head of the profession in the State. Having acquired considerable fame as such previous to the war, he was placed on the staff of Generals Price and Bragg, as medical director in the army of the Confederate States of America. At the close of the war, in 1865, he came to Texas and practiced in Paris until 1876, when he went to Austin, where he is still in active practice. At the opening of the State University, in 1888, he was chosen president of the Board of Regents, and he has placed that richly endowed insti- tution in a position of prominence. Texas is proud of the services of such a man, in such a capacity. The Doctor was born March 6, 1830. His wife was born in 1834. They are well and favorably known as worthy, good people, and life-long members of the Baptist Church. Mr. D. G. Wooten, whose name heads this sketch, one of the seven living children of the above mentioned eminent physician, re- ceived a thorough classical education and graduated at Princeton, New Jersey, College, in 1875, with the degree of A. M., with high honors, although the youngest in his class. Afterward, for a year, he was a Fellow at the Johns Hopkins University, at Baltimore, and then took the law course at the University of Virginia, founded by Thomas Jefferson, and graduated with the class of 1878, with the degree of LL. B. as well as takingr the two highest honors of the university. He began the practice of law at Austin, where he was prosecuting attorney four years. He came to Dallas in 1888, and at once took rank as one of the leading members of the bar. While his reputation has been made as a criminal lawyer his native acumen is best shown in the more subtle questions of civil law. A citizen who is amply competent to testify on the matter says, with reference to Mr. Wooten: "He is a ripe scholar, an eloquent advocate, and a profound lawyer. Without being an aspirant for public honors, he has taken a deep interest in public affairs, and has done valiant service on the great issues of the day." Mr. D. G. Wooten is a member of the Knights of Pythias and in politics a Demo- crat. He is one of the rising young men of the South, and a genial, cultured gentleman. HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 767 Our subject is the oldest of a family of seven children: Etta, the second, is the wife of Hon. R. W. Lightfoot, residing at Paris, Texas; Stella is wife of W. J. Bailey, Esq., of Fort Worth, Te.\as; Maude is the wife of Judge Robert tl. Johnson, County Judge, residing at Fort Worth; Tommie, the young- est daughter, is a gi'aduate of the University of Texas, class of 1890. She is quite lit- erary in taste, much of a lady, and still of the home circle; Goodall II. and Joseph, the two youngest of the family, are both gradu- ates of the University of Texas, classes of 189l-'92 respectively. The former is assist- ant State Chemist, and is a young man of much promise. The two sons are preparing fur the profession of medicine. Mr. Wooten married Miss Carter, a daugh- ter of Colonel Carter, who was one of the immortal band who made the historic Pick- ett's charge at the battle of Grettysburg, the turning battle of the great Civil war, and he went down in that action. Mr. and Mrs. Wooten had two children, both of whom are deceased; and Mrs. Wooten died in 1887. He was remarried, to Mrs. M. A. Sellers, at Dallas, December 2, 1891. She is from an old Mississippi family, from Kemper county, who are well and favorably known throughout the State. In the great political campaign between Judge George Clark and Governor J. S. Hogg, 1892, Mr. Wooten, prior tp the nomi- nating convention at Houston, in August, 1892, took a very prominent part '^ stumping" the State for Clark. \Xq established a repu- tation on all sides s,s the foremost orator in the Stale, and his speeches throughout the State were acpepted as models of argument, rhetoric, ;^nd impassioned eloquence. His paraphrase of Phillips' " Napoleon" applied to Governor Hogg, is one of the triumphs of campaign oratory, and perhaps has never been equaled in the political literature of the country. When in the Houston Convention he refused to join the " bolt " organized by the Clark men, but remained in the regular convention, acting as a member of the com- mittee on platform. In that capacity he presented and eloquently advocated a minority report, intended to prevent the repudiation of the National Democratic platform. Failing in this, he tiled a written protest absolving himself from obligation to support the nomi- nees, and withdrew from the convention. At the Lampasas Convention, June, 1892, he was unanimously elected Presidential Elector for the State at large on the Cleveland ticket and canvassed the State. A. -ERWIN, retired attorney of Oak Cliff, has a pleasant and comfortable * home at the corner of Tenth and Craw- ford streets. He has been a resident of the Lone Star State since 1848, his first residence within its borders being in Cherokee county. He was born in Bedford, now Marshall county, Tennessee, in 182Q, the youngest of eleven children born to John K. and Hannah B. (Bishop) Erwin, natives of North Carolina, in which State they were married, emigrat- ing soon softer to Bedford county, Teimessee, where they settled on a farm. The father was a soldier in the Revolutionary war, altliough very young, and was under the care of his father, who was an active participant in that struggle. Grandfather Bishop also was a Revolutionary soldier and was killed while in the service. J. R. Erwin remained in Bed- ford coimty, Tennessee, and there died on the farm on which he tirst settled on coming to the State December 23, 1859, at the age T68 BISTORT OP DALLAS COUNTY. ofeightj-six years. His wife was born in 1777 and died in Bedford county, Tennessee, in 1851, on the old home farm in Tennessee. S. A. Erwin was brought up on the farm. At the age of seventeen years he left home to enter college at Jackson, Maury county, Ten- nessee, where he remained three years. After leaving college he commenced reading law in Murfreesboro, and in 1843 was admitted to the bar, after which he established himself at Lebanon, Tennessee. In 1846 he enlisted under Captain Milton A. Haines at Nash- ville, for the Mexican war, and his company became a part of the regiment commanded by Colonel Jonas E. Thomas. After one year's service his health failed, and after a short time spent in Mattaraoras he returned to Tennessee, in 1847. He at once resumed the practice of law, but decided to make a change of location, and accordingly came to Rusk, Cherokee county, Texas, of which he was one of the pioneers. He was married here, April 27, 1848, to Elizabeth J. McKee, a native of Maury county, Tennessee, and a daughter of Thomas and Frances (Stone) McKee, the for- mer a native of South Carolina and the latter of Virginia. Mr. McKee was taken to Ten- nessee in early boyhood, there grew up and married and followed the occupation of farm- ing: until his removal to Texas in 1846. Here he resided ou a farm until his death, which oc- curred in the fall of 1865, his widow having died in 1863. After his marriage Mr. Erwin settled in Rusk, Texas, and there practiced law until 1856, when he abandoned his pro- fession to engage in farming and stock-rais- ing, dealing in tine stock, in Cherokee county. He in time became the owner of a large plantation and cultivated some 300 acres. In 1876 he moved to Limestone county, Tehuacana Hills, where Trinity University is located, for the purpose of educating his chil- dren, and while there three of his sons gradu- ated from that institution, of which he was for some time a trustee. His children are as follows: William Scott is married and a farmer of Tehuacana Hills, Limestone county; Sarimella C. is the widow of F. W. Beaty and resides at Tehuacana Hills; Fannie also resides there and is the wife of John H. Forrest; Floretta E. resides at Oak Cliff, Dallas county, Texas, and is the wife of Dr. E. J. Hallum; Cornie E. is the wife of John M. Hallum, a farmer of Ander- son county, Texas; John T. resides at Tehu- acana Hills, farming; Robert L. is married and resides in Dallas, being bookkeeper for the Dallas City National Exchange Bank; and James P., who is special agent for the Dallas Mortgage Company. Although formerly a Whig in politics Mr. Erwin is now an independent, refusing to wear the collar of the dominant party of his State. He is a member of the A. F. & A. M., the I. O. O. F. and he and his wife are mem- bers of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church and have been active in church work. Dur- ing over forty years' residence in Texas they have seen many changes, and Mr. Erwin has aided largely in its progress and develop- ment. APTAIN WILLIAM HUGHES LEM- MON, of the real-estate tirm of Bowser & Lemmon, Dallas, Texas, was born February 25, 1840, in Polk connty, Mis- souri, near the present town of Morrisville. His parents, William H., Sr., and Nancy Amanda (Hughes) Lemmon, natives respect- ively of Green county, Kentucky, and Will- iamson connty, Teimessee, were married near Paris, in the latter State, August 17, 1837. In the autumn of 1839 they emigrated to HISTORY OF D^iLLAS COUNTY. 769 Missouri, the eldest child, A. C. Letninon, being then about eighteen months of age, and settled on Sac river in Polk county, where he improved a valuable farm, which was occu- pied as the family homestead until 1872. The father was a practical farmer and stock- grower, and somewhat prominent in local politics, and served as County Judge of his county from 1856 to 1860, elected by the Democracy, of which party lie was always a strong adherent. He died at Springfield, Missouri, August 31, 1862, the result of ex- posure while confined as a citizen prisoner for sympathy with the South. The mother still survives and resides with her son. Cap- tain Lemmon; she is now in her seventy-lifth year. The subject of this sketch was reared to farm life, and educated in the schools of Polk county and Carleton's College at Springfield, Missouri, of which the Rev. Charles Carleton, now president of Carleton's College at Bonham, Texas, was president. Captain Lemmon commenced life as a teacher in the public schools of southwest Missouri in 1858. In the spring of 1861 he assisted in organizing the first company organized in his county for the Southern army, and was elected its First Lieutenant, Captain Frank Mitchell being in command. The late Colonel Charles H. Nichols, of Dal- las, was subsequently Captain of said com- pany. It was known as Company C, of Colonel J. J. Clarkson's Fifth Regiment Missouri State Guards, of which the Cap- tain's brother, A. C. Lemmon, was Major; Colonel M. W. Buster, of Weatiierford, Texas, was Adjutaut; the late Colonel John M. Stemmons, of Dallas, Couimissary of Subsistence; and their fellow-townsman, Col- onel W. L. Williams, was a Lieutenant. In the winter of 1861-'62 he was elected First Lieutenant of Captain A. C. Leinmon's company, D, Fifth Missouri Confederate In- fantry. He was with General Price at the battles of Wilson's Creek, Dry Wood, Lex- ington, Elkliorn and Farmington, and the evacuation of Corinth, Mississippi; and later on he organized and was elected Captain of Company A, Jackman's cavalry regiment, and was with it in all of its many engage- ments till the close of the war, when he located in Dallas county, Texas, and again engaged in teaching, chiefly in Dallas and Tarrant counties. He traveled for the agricultural implement house of Di M. Osborne & Co. for several years, until in 1876, when he formed a co- partnership with O. P. Bowser in the hard- ware and agricultural implement business in the city of Dallas, which business they con- tinued until 1887. In that year they in- vet^ted largely in Dallas city and farm prop- erty, giving special attention to Bowser & Lemmon's North Dallas and Oak Lawn ad- dition to the city of Dallas, which at present constitutes a large portion of the present limits of the Eighth Ward of the city. Cap- tain Lemmon's beautiful suburban home, " Elmwood," located on the line of the North Dallas Electric Railway, at the corner of Cole and Lemmon avenues, on which he has devoted much labor and expense to add to its comfort and attraction, is one of the finest in the city. He is largely interested in the North Dallas Improvement Company and the Dallas Guarantee and Investment Com- pany property, of 1,5U0 acres, adjoining the city. Captain Lemmon has for years been one of the leading, enterprising men of Dal- las, and has always been prouiptly at the front to assist every laudable improvement or enterprise for the advancement of Dallas. He has an abiding faith in her future, and believes that she will yet be a great com- 770 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTT. inercial center, and eventually the chief city of the great Southwest; hence lie has always contributed liberally of his time and money to advance her interests. Captain Lemmon was married on the 27th day of February, 1867, in Dallas county, to Miss Mattie A. Knight, second daughter of O. W. and Serena (Hughes) Knight, both natives of Tennessee, where the parents were married, removing to Texas in 1844, and settled on what has ever since been known as the Knight farm, near Cedar Springs, and but a few miles from Dallas. The father re- sided there until his death, which occurred in 1868. He was an honorable Christian gentleman, and highly respected and beloved for his many noble and generous traits of character. Hon. G. M., Epps G., Robert E. L. and A. J. Knight, of Dallas, and William H. Knight, of Hillsboro, Texas, are brothers of Mrs. Lemmon; while Judge Burford, Dr. A. M. Cochran, John Field, of Dallas, Ben Cannon, of Arlington, Texas, and Captain J. J. Mallard, of Kusk, each married sisters of hers. Her mother, Mrs. Knight, lives with the family of Captain Lemmon. In 1882 the subject of this notice was called upon to mourn the death of his beloved wife, after quite a short illness. Si.x children, the fruit of this union, are living: Nannie Laura (Mrs. Williamson), Rena Amanda, Mary Kate, William C, Jr., Mittie Lee and Eppie Knight, and grandchild Mattie Lemmon, with his mother and mother-in-law William- son, constitute his family. His only sister, Nancy Jane Lemmon, died in Missouri of typhoid fever, July, 1860. Captain Lemmon is an Elder and an active worker of the First Christian Church of Dallas, with which con- gregation he has for years been connected. Politically he has always been actively iden- tified with the Democratic party, having fre- quently attended as a delegate its State, dis- trict, county and city conventions, and has served as chairman of the Democratic execu- tive committee of the city of Dallas through some exciting campaigns. He is a member of James A. Smith Lodge, A. F. & A. M., and also a member of the Knights of Honor. Captain Lemmon is one of the enterprising and public-spirited citizens of L^allas, and is keenly alive to her best interests. He is a worthy and intelligent citizen, such as gives character to a community. fM. STEERE, assistant general freigh agent of the Gulf, Colorado & Santa ' Fe Railroad, was born in Providence cQunty, Rhode Island, November 8, 1844. His parents were Arnold and Amey D. (Hutchinson) Steere, also natives of Rhode Island. Arnold's father, John Steere, was a soldier in the Revolutionary war. The family trace their ancestry back to those of that name who came over in the May Flower, and both the Steere and Hutchinson families are of New England stock, and related to a good race on both sides. Our subject's father died in Sep- tember, 1844. He was a farmer by occupa- tion, was extensively known, was highly re- spected, and was a man of strict integrity. His wife is still living, at the age of four score years and five. Her home is in Provi- dence, Rhode Island. She has been a mem- ber of the Methodist Church since her early girlhood days, is an excellent woman, and her friends areas numerous as her acquaintances. Besides being a member of an unusually esteemed family, she has endeared herself by noble traits of person and character to a host of friends. She has marked abilities and ennobling traits of character in her line, and HISTORY OF DALLAS GOUNTT. 771 her Christian profession is the spiritual pro- gram of a refined yet simple and natural life. These qualities, vitalized by ambition, have drawn about her a wealth of rare love and hope, the rounding out of a devout Christian character. She lives like one who goes on a journey, expecting to renew the joys of a well spent life in a better country. Mr. and Mrs. Arnold Steers were th^ parents of seven chil- dren, as follows: Adaline E., wife of Ellery C. Arnold of Laramore, North Dakota: her son, Horace \!'., is a member of the North Dakota Assembly, and editor of a Republican paper at Laramore; Addie C. and Emma are hdr other children, and tlie former is a graduate of Grand Forks Seminary, Dakota; Charles W., a resident of Oakland, California, wAh married to Rebecca Mowry, and they have one child, Eva; Albert A., resides in North Dakota; Frances E., wife of George E. Mc Kenzie; Nellis L. married Maria Albee, and tliey have one child, Earle; Rose A., at home; and J. M., our subject. In this immediate family there was not a death in forty years^ ending in 18901 J. M. Steere enlisted February 14, 1862, in the First Rhode Island Cavalry, which served in the Army of the Potomac. He par- ticipated in the engagements of Cedar Mount- ain, Kelly's Ford, second battle of Bull Rnn and Chantilly. Before the battle of Antietam he was taken sick with typhoid fever, was taken to Alexandria Hospital and was dis- charged at Fort Schuyler, New York. In company with bis brothers, Charles W. and Nellis L., he returned home, but in 1864 again enlisted in the Third Rliode Island Cavalry, and served in the Department of the Gulf until the close of the war. Mr. Steere was in no battles during his last ser- vice, and was Regimental Commissary Ser- geant of his regiment. In the fall of 1805 he engaged as secretary of the Missouri Iron Works for one year, was next engaged in traveling for a commission firm, and in 1876 was appointed agent for the Canada Southern Fast Freight Line, stationed at St. Louis. In 1885 he was appointed general agent for the Gulf, Colorado & Santa Fe road. Mr. Steere entered the railroad service as contractinuf freight agent on the Canada Southern Fast Freight Line, from December 1, 1876, to No- vember 16, 1884, was agent of the same line; from December 1, 1876, to 1880, was also foreign freight agent of the Merchants' Dis- patch Transportation Company; November 25, 1884, to January 1, 1886, was general agent of the Gulf, Colorado & Santa Fe, with residence at Dallas; and since January 1, 1886, assistant general freight agent of the same road. He has been in the service for sixteen years, with only the two companies. Mr. Steere was married Christmas day, 1866, at St. Louis, to Miss Fannie M. Baker, a daughter of Captain W. C. and Mary C. W. Baker. The father died in 1882, and the mother now resides in Wichita, Kansas, ased sixty -eight years. The parents had four chil- dren: Fanny M., now Mrs. Steere; Hattie M., wife of W. H. Mears of Peoria, Illinois; Ed- na, wife of W. H. Maxwell of Wichita, Kan- sas; and Jackson B. Mr. and Mrs. Steere have three children: Rosie, Mamie C. and Charles W. The latter is employed as clerk for the Gulf, Colorado & Santa Fe Railroad Company. Mrs. Steere was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, and her death occurred at Fort Worth, March 24, 1886, aged thirty-nine years. She was a de- vout Christian woman, and her life was devoted in making people happy, in which she had few equals. Her memory will long be cherished for many Christian virtues and excellent traits of character. HI STOUT OP DALLAS COUNTY. Mr. 8teere was again married, to Mrs. Mary C. Reynolds, daughter of Dr. Emory A. Allen, at her home in Randolph, Massachu- setts, June 20, 1892. She is a most estimable and winsome lady of culture and refinement. She is a native of Massacluisetts. Mr. Steere has held the office of Exalted liutler of the Elks of Dallas, is also Post Commander of George 11. Thomas Post, No. 6, Grand Army of the Republic, is a member of Kirkwood, Missouri, Lodge, No. 484, of the F. & A. M., and of tlie lioyal Arcanum. He is a public-spirited citizen, such as gives character to a community. *f. 4@^ ^ jLEXANDER COCKRELL, deceased, was born in Kentucky, June 8, 1820, a son of Joseph Cockrell, a native of Rus- sell county, Virginia. When ayoungmanthe father moved to Kentucky, and when our subject was four years old, he moved to Johnson county, Missouri, where Alexander was reared and where his mother died when he was yet a child. His fatlier died in the same county, in 1838, after which he went to the Indian Nation and engaged in the stock business for a contractor of that country. He remained there until entering the Mexi- can war, under Colonel McCullough, and served until its close. Mr. Cockrell was at Monterey with dispatches during that battle, where he was kept for three weeks, after which he came to Dallas and engaged in the stock business. After his marriage he took a claim of 640 acres of the Peters Colony, situated ten miles west of Dallas, where he engaged extensively in the stock business, and also freighted from Houston, Jefferson, Shreveport and other points with ox teams. He followed this from the spring of 1848 to the winter of 1852, and in the latter year he sold his stock and purchased John Neely Bryan's headright of the city of Dallas, and in 1853 moved to this city and engaged in the brick business and various other oc- cupations. Mr. Cockrell gave employment to all ti)e young men who came to the coun- try at that time, was a benevolent and enter- prising man, and respected by all who knew him. He also built the first bridge across the Trinity river, and in an early day ran a ferry boat. He was married September 9, 1847, to Miss Sarah Horton, and they had live children : Morgan, who died an infant; Aurelia E., the wife of Mitchell Gray, who died February 28, 1872; Robert 13., who died May 21, 1886; Frank M. and Alexander. Mr. Cockrell de- parted this life April 3, 1858, and his widow April 26, 1892. He left a large estate, which was managed and successfully handled by his widow. At her death she was Beventy-three years of age and has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church since her childhood. fAMES W. McMANUS, manager for B. F. Avery & Sons, is a native of Toronto, Canada, where he was born in 1854. At the age of fourteen he began learning the trade of carriage building in Wellington Square, Canada. After thoroughly mastering the business he located in Michigan and spent some years in Lansing, Jackson, Owosso, Detroit and Howell; then he spent a brief season in St. Louis, and in 1878 came to Texas, k>cating at Houston and then in Dallas, as a represent- ative of the Weir Plow Company, of Mon- mouth, Illinois. HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 773 In this line liis success was so marked that when the business was merged into that of The J. B. Simpson Carriage Company, he was appointed manager of the combined in- terests. When tlie old and well known firm of B. F. Avery & Sons of Louisville, Kentucky, decided to open a branch house in Dallas and include vehicles with their popular line of implements, Mr. McManus was selected as their manager. They represent the Hacine Wagon and Carriage Company, Racine, Wis- consin, and the Henney Buggy Company, Freeport, Illinois, and other well known lines. Their business is both wholesale and retail, and is carried on at the corner of Lamar and Commerce, in a large and commodious brick building, and is conducted on the basis of integrity and fair dealing, such as has marked their career of over half a century, and pa- trons may rely upon their representations of goods sold. Mr. McManus is a model citizen, quiet and unassuming, but exceedingly popular; he is a consistent member of the Presbyterian Church, and politically is a Demt)crat. He was married in March, 1880, and has one of the coziest homes in Oak Cliif. fOHN H. DANIEL, a farmer and stock- raiser of Precinct No. 1, Dallas county, was born in Garrard county, Kentucky, in 1826, the second of twelve children born to Edmond and Frances (Herndon) Daniel, natives of Virginia. The parents were both reared in Kentucky, and in 1835 they went to Missouri, where the father improved a farm. His death occurred in Monroe county the same year, and the mother afterward moved to Dallas county, where she died, in 1880. Grandfather Edmond Daniel, a native of Vir- ginia, was a soldier in the Revolutionary war, and was wounded in the battle of Brandy- wine, and died some years later from the ef- fects of the wound. The Daniel family are of Scoth-Irish descent, and were early settlers in the Colonies. John H., our subject, was reared and edu- cated in Monroe county, Missouri, where he also aided in opening up and improving the home farm. At the age of twenty years he came to Texas, and later enlisted in the Mexican war, under Captain Kinzy, and after reaching the Rio Grande he enlisted under Captain Witt. In 1849 Mr. Daniel bought 120 acres of land, which he improved, and later built a good house, and he has since added to the original purchase until he now owns 220 acres, all of which is under a good state of cultivation. In 1863, in Dallas county, he enlisted in Stratton's company. Stone's regiment, for twelve months, or until the the close of the war. He participated in many skirmishes, and was discharged in Louisiana, after which he returned to Texas. Mr. Daniel takes an active interest in poli- tics, voting with the People's party, and has held the office of Constable of his township and is now one of the School Trustees. Soci- ally, he is a member of Tannehill Lodge, No. 52, A. F. & A. M., of Dallas, and also of the Farmers' Alliance. He was married in this county, December 6, 1849, by Parson James A. Smith, to Re- becca Ray, a native of Illinois, and daughter of Robert and Mary (Denton) Ray. In 1847 the parents came to Texas, settling in Dallas county, where the father was engaged as a farmer and blacksmith. He died in Cook county, Texas, in 1889, and his wife in Dallas county, about 1873. Mr. and Mrs. Daniel have had thirteen children, nine of whom 774 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. survive, namely: W. R., a resident of Harde- man county, Texas; T. B., of the same county; Mary F., wife of George II. Alexander, County Commissioner of Hardeman county; B. F., at liome; E. W., a resident of Dallas; S. P., of Creer county, Texas; C. A., a mem- ber of the police force at Dallas; Mattie J., at home; Arthur Ellis, also at home. ^ Ef fB. HENDERSON, retired stock farmer of Harrison county, Texas, resides atthe ® corner of Twelfth and Grand avenue, Oak Cliff. He was born in York county? South Carolina, May 26, 1817, and was the eldest of sixteen children, ten sons and six daughters born to the union of W. B. and Mary (Barry) Henderson, natives of the Palmetto State also. The parents were of Scotch origin and belong to the early families of South Carolina, the ancestors emigrating to this country from Scotland at a period antedating the Revolution. W. B. Hender- son was a farmer and in 1832 moved to Georgia, where he remained one year among the Indians. In 1833 he moved to Cherokee county, Alabaina, and settled on a farm which he cultivated until his death in 1872. After his death the mother came to Harrison county, Texas, in 1875, and died itil887, at the advanced aged of ninety- four years. J. B. Henderson was reared to farm life in South Caroliin, but moved from there to Georgia with his parents and thence to Alabama. He was married at Greenville, South Carolina, in 1841, to Miss Nancy J. Berry, a native of that city and the daugh- ter of Rev. Nathan and Mai-y (Hiett) Berry, natives also of Greenville, South Carolinii. Her father was a Baptist minis ter and he and wife were both descendants of early families of South Carolina. He died in that State, in 1840, and his wife in the same State, in 1857. Grandfather Hender- son participated in the struggle for indepen- dence. After his marriage J. B. Henderson settled in Georgia, but moved from there to Cherokee county, Alabama, where lie en- tered a large tract of land and immediately commenced improving it. In 1856 he moved to Tippah county, Mississippi, improved a farm, and remained there two years, when he moved with team to Pulaski county, Arkan- sas. He followed farming there for three years and then located in Columbia county, Arkansas, where he made his home for an- other three years. In 1867 he moved to Mount Pleasant, Titus county, Texas, opened up a farm near that town and also l)ecame the owner of considerable real estate in Mount Pleasant. From there he moved to Harrison county in 1871, followed farming, and later engaged in line stock-raising, prin- cipally Jersey cattle. He still owns a large farm in that county. During the war he was in the Commissary Department, and had the contract for furnishing all Confederate soldiers west of the Mississippi river with beef. After the war he supplied the Federal soldiers at Mount Pleasant with beef until they left Texas. Mr. Henderson takes some interest in politics, and he and Mrs. Hender- son are worthy members of the Presbyterian Church, both having been members of the same for many years. To their marriage were born eleven chil- dren, eight now living: W. B., a traveling salesman for Orr Lindsay, of St. Louis, Missouri, in 1861 he enlisted in Garland county, Texas; in the First Arkansas Infantry, and was promoted to the rank of Adjutant Major; he surrendered in Lee's army in 1865; HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 775 he is married and resides in Mai-sliall, Texas; James N., married, is a farmer and stock- raiser of Harrison county: Texas, he was a member of the Engineer Corps for three years, and served until the cessation of hos- tilities; John A., single, is receiving agent of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railroad, Dallas; Andrew L., married, is a farmer of Harrison county, Texas; Ella, wife of J. C. Mow, resides at Oak Cliff, and her husband is Station Agent of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railroad, Dallas; Nannie is the wife W. C. Lane, an attorney of Marshall, Texas; Muggy, wife of W. B. Wynne, an attorney of Wills Point, Texas; Hattie Lee resides at home, and is abstract clerk in the Missourii Kansas & Texas Railroad, Dallas; Mary died in Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1863; Sallie, wife of C. H. Shilling, died in Texas in 1876; and Fannie, wife of Frank Howard, died in Harrison county, Texas, in 1879. Mr. and Mrs. Henderson passed their golden milestone of life September 16, 1891, and the principal part of their lives have been spent on farms on the frontier. They have twenty-two grandchildren. Both are honored and respected by a host of warm friends, and may the sunset of their lives be cloudless. AMU EL N. BRAS WELL, Justice of the Peace for Precinct No. 1, Dallas, was born in Georgia, January 23, 1827, a son of Samuel Braswell, a farmer who was born in North Carolina and removed to Georgia at an early day. Both the parents died in Georgia. Mr. Braswell, the youngest of four children, received his education in excellent private schools and became a suc- cessful teacher in his native State; read law and began practice in Barnesville, Georgia. In 1858 he moved to this State, settling in Mount Pleasant, Titus county, where he was in 1866 elected State Senator, to represent the Eighth district. This being the first elec- tion after the war, he took an active part in the stirring scenes incident to reconstruction. In 1871 he moved to Corsicana, this State, and finally, in 1874, to Dallas In 1886 he was elected Justice of the Peace for Precinct No. 1, this county, and served with such fidelity that he was re-elected in 1888 and again in 1890. He is noted for the equity of his decisions and promptness in the execu- tion of business. The "Judge," as he is called, is one of the old-school Southern gentleman, — honest, affable and able. He has been a member of the Masonic order for forty years, and an active member of the Methodist Epis- copal Church for twenty- five years. Politi- cally he is a Democrat of the Jacksonian school. He was married in Georgia, to Miss Mary A. Anderson, and they have living four chil- dren and two grandchildren — all in this State. ff J. BEKKERS, proprietor of a sa- loon on Elm street, Dallas, was ® born in Belgium, in 1859, thesecoud son of J. J. Bekkers and Cleraentee (Van Grinderbeck), natives of Belgium. The father was an artist, and was a director of drawing and anatomy for many years. He was chair- man of the committee that organized the French colony that came to Dallas in 1853 under the management of Mr. Considerant. Mr. J. J. Bekkers took an active interest in the general government of the colony in Dal- las county, but always remained in his native country, where he died, in 1872. His wife still lives in that country, and is a pensioner of the Beltrian Government. 776 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNT T. W. J. Bekkers, our subject, was reared in the city of Louvain, Belgium, where he served six years as a volunteer in the regular array, and was Sergeant Major of his regiment. After leaving the service, in 1879, he came direct to Dallas county, Texas, where he en- gaged in the barber business, and in 1885 embarked in his present occupation. Mr. Bekkers votes with the Democratic party, but is not active in politics. Socially, he is a member of Dallas Lodge, No. 70, K. of P., of Division No. 18 Uniformed Rank, K. of P., and was also a volunteer member of the Fire Department. His lather was Grand Master of the Masonic order of Belgium, and was always an active Mason. Mr. Bekkers has witnessed a great change in the city of Dallas since its organization, and has always taken an active interest in everything pertain- ing to its good. fAMES C. ARNOLD, Chief of Police of the City of Dallas, was born near Wel- lington, Morgan county, Georgia, April 29, 1851. His parents were W. B. and Martha B. (Bostwick) Arnold, bothjiatives of Georgia. His father was a merchant at Social Circle, Walton county, Georgia, at the commencement of the war, and enlisted in the Confederate service as private and served until the war closed, mostly on the coast of Georgia. He was a supporter of Brecken- ridge and Lane in the presidential race in 1860, and a strong advocate of State rights, and has been for many years a prominent member of the Baptist Church, and is living near Madison, Morgan county, Georgia, farm- ing. He was born August 31, 1820. Martha B., his wife, was born August 24, 1824, and died August 15, 1854, a mem- ber of the Baptist Church from early child- hood. There were born to these parents seven children, three of whom died at an early age. John H., the oldest, at the com- mencement of the war, enlisted for six months defending the coast of Georgia, but later joined the Fifty-third Georgia Regi- ment, and served under General Longstreet until the time of his death, December 26, 1862. William T., the second son served in the Second Georgia Regiment during the war, and is still living, and lias been for ten or twelve years District and County Clerk of Sabine county, Texas; Emma D. Arnold, their daughter, sister of our subject, the wife of M. A. Parker, is living in Atlanta, Georgia; Mr. Parker served in tlie Fifty-third Georgia Regiment during the war under Longstreet. James C. Arnold, whose biography we give, was raised in Morgan and Walton coun- ties, Georgia, went to school at Social Circle and old Fair Flay, same State, and left his home for Carroll county, Mississippi, on the 14th of February 1866, and there worked on a farm for P. H. Echols, W. A. Gayden & Colonel J. D. McLemore, and in December, 1869, came to Texas to Doctor R. S. McLe- more (a son of Colonel J. D. McLemore), who owned Camp's Ferry, on Sabine river, in Upshur county, and lived with him until 1871, when McLemore sold the ferry to A. Ferguson & W. L. Wilburn: he was then in their employ until the fall of 1872; he then went into partnership with E. B. Winn in supplying contractors with beef. The contractors were building the tirst four- teen miles of railway from Longview west; he then went from there to Fort Worth ex- pecting to be engaged in the same business, but the railroad suspended operations west of Dallas. He then followed the grocery business for a time, connecting himself with the firm BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 777 of Connell, Arnold & Co. at Fort Worth: he remained there for a short time. He closed out and came to Dallas in Api'il, 1874, and has been a resident of Dallas ever since. He was then engaged in different voca- tions of business until November 5, 1874, when he was appointed on the police force of the city of Dallas under General W. L. Cabell, Mayor, and June Peak, Marshal. He served as patrolman and mounted officer un- til 1879, when he was appointed Deputy City Marshal under W. F. Morton who was then the City Marshal. In June, 1881, he was appointed City Marshal, vice W. F. Mor- ton resigned, and then an election was ordered to fill the unexpired term of W. F. Morton, at which election he was chosen and held the position of City Marshal and Chief of Police ever since that time by virtue of an election and the choice of the people of Dal- las up to the present time. During these periods of elections for Chief of Police of the city of Dallas from 1881, up to the present time, he has had only three opponents, and at the last city Democratic convention, which was held April, 1892, he was the unanimous choice of that convention as the nominee of the Democratic party for the office, and was elected without opposition This is his nine- teenth year as a member of the police force, and during all these years of service both as a subordinate and an official, his acts have been for the fullfillment of the law without endangering life or limb to those violating the law, which was his sworn duty to have executed. By and under his jurisdiction as Chief of Police, there have been from the in- cipiency of his office np to the present time 48,225 arrests made, showing that the members of the police force, under his man- agement and supervision, have been faith- iul to their trust. He is ready, quick and genial in his manner, cool and clear-headed, and hia wonderful success in dealing with men is due to these qualifications, together with the courage displayed by him in his of- ficial capacity in arresting many desperate criminals and violators of the law. He is a member of the following charitable and bene- ficent orders: Masonic, K. of P., I. O. O. F., and the Elks. He was married in 1871, to Miss Callie Staples, daughter of David W. and M. A. Staples of Talladega, Alabama. He has al- ways borne an enviable reputation both as a citizen and an officer of the law, and the acts of his past life have always been commendable wherever he resided. fAMES W. GURLEY, D. D. S., M. D., was born in South Carolina, September 18, 1840, and is a son of Martin A. Gnrley, a descendant of one of the oldest Southern families. Mrs. Gnrley's maiden name was Isabella Youngblood, which is also an honored name of the South. The Doctor is the oldest of a family of seven children, and until his twelfth year was trained in a private school. He was partially paralyzed, caused by sciatica, at ten years of age. At the age of twelve years he was in- duced to accompany a squad of Georgia gold miners to California. He sailed from New York city for the Pacific coast in January, 1852, in the steamship El Dorado, which was sent out by a bogus company. This company sold their tickets to San Francisco, but had no connecting steamer on the Pacific; hence all passengers who were landed on the Isthmus at the mouth of the Chagres river were compelled to pay extra for their transit across the Isthmus to Panama, there to find 778 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. that they had been deluded by false represen- tations of this bogus company. The most of them were moneyless, with no means of pro- ceeding further. Our subject was one of six thousand in this terrible condition. At this juncture C. K. Garrison »fe Co., of New York, and bankers in Panama, were fitting out every available vessel, coal hulks and other unsea- worthy crafts for passenger vessels bound for San Francisco. Among the number was a bark, Clarissa Andrews, on which he sailed under the following circumstances: While ho was at Panama he had no money, and went to the American Hotel and engaged as errand boy. The maladies among the trav- elers were terrible, people were dying off by the hundreds with yellow fever, smallpox and other terrible diseases. At the American Hotel he remained two days. The second day he found a ])urse containing nearly five liundred dollars. This he took to the clerk of the hotel, as an honest boy would. It was about eleven o'clock, a. m. After dinner the authorities of the hotel gave him his dis- charge. He does not know, but can give a guess, what became of the money. Soon after leaving the hotel he met a Portuguese sailor with whom he had become ac(|uainted while on the steamship El Dorado, and the latter was then employed as one of the crew to sail the bark Clarissa Andrews to San Francisco. Tlie sailor asked him if he had a dollar. "Not a dollar in the world," was the reply. At that moment he thought of a pair of boots which he left at the hotel. These he procured, sold them for a dollar, and was "fixed." The sailor then told him to follow him. The bark was lying at anchor four miles from shore. This dollar was to pay his passage on a small boat which landed him in due time at the bark. During the passage to the bark the sailor laid a plan before the passengers by which they could smuggle "this boy" on board the bark. The plan was successful. As soon as all the passengers were aboard a clamor was set up as to the unseaworthiness of the bark. This was quieted only by the American consul making a casual examina- tion and pronouncing her seaworthy. There was no time lost in weighing anchor and putting to sea. The captain and crew, hav- ing California as their destination, made up their minds never to put into J)ort on the way for fear of the vessel being condemned; hence they made preparations for a long voy- age, carried with them a still for obtaining fresh water from salt water, etc. The voyage was long and tedious, being sixty-live days from Panama to San Francisco. There were 400 steerage passengers, twelve cabin passen- gers and tlie officers and crew. They had eighteen deaths on the way, and our subject came near dying with Isthmus fever, with which he had already suffered nearly four weeks, and on arriving at San Francisco he was not able to walk ashore. Here he was, a boy, sick, in a strange place, without an acquaintance, a friend or a dollar. The Portuguese sailor, whose name he never learned, shook his hand, bade him good-bye and said: "15oy, 1 hope you will make a for- tune in California and go home with plenty of gold." Our subject was taken to tlie hotel and was there taken care of by the late John Flood, the millionaire, who was then a plas- terer in San Francisco. The same aided Mi'. Gurley in obtaining a situation as assistant bookkeeper in the old Niantic Hotel, corner of Sansome and Merchant streets. After remaining there one year he sought his fortune in the mining district, remained there two years working in the mines, but was not successful. He then made up his HI8T0BT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 779 mind to return to San Francisco. On his way he stopped in Sacramento, and there he obtained a situation in a drug house with Gates Brotliers, which he held four years. Dr. Gates, being a dentist, induced Mr. Giir- ley to take that as a profession. He had access to iiis library and office and put in his evenings in study and practice. He then practiced in merchandising and speculation for several years. Finally, in 1864, he entered regularly into the practice of dentistry in the lower part of Shasta valley. He remained there six months and then traveled through Oregon and Idaho, practicing until Septem- ber 1, 1866, when he left Boise City for Philadelphia, to attend the dental college, sailing from San Francisco September 21. They were twelve days on the' voyage to Greytown, at the mouth of the Nicaragua river. The connecting steamer, which sailed from New York, was caught in the equinoc- tial gales raging on the Atlantic coast at that time. She was so disabled that she had to return for repairs to New York. This left our bubject in Greytown. Two weeks the company took care of their 1,400 passengers at their own expense. He was among the cabin passengers and was nicely cared for. The connecting vessel on which Dr. Gurley took passage became disabled and short of coal, and found it necessary to put into the Charleston harbor. South Carolina, in view of repairs and fuel. There several hundred passengers, our subject among the rest, left the steamer and took rail for different points. The Doctor then went to search for his par- ents, who had not heard from him since the opening of the war, as it will be remembered all communications were cut off. He found them living in another county, their old home all swept away by the ravages of war; his mother and two brotliers were dead, and the living were in abject poverty. There he found a place to spend a part of his money in assisting the father and family. Placing them in a comfortable condition he proceeded to Philadelphia and attended the Pennsyl- vania Dental College, graduating therefrom in the class of 1866-'67, with the highest honors of the class. He then practiced in New Jersey and Pennsylvania for one year, and went to Anderson, South Carolina, in 1868. He practiced there, and in that year married Miss Julia Fant, daughter of O. H. P. Fant, one of the worthiest and most hon- ored citizens of that county (Anderson). In 1872 he entered the Maryland University of Medicine, graduating in the class of 1873-74, with the title of M. D. After graduating he located in Atlanta, Georgia, and practiced there until 1884, and then removed to Nash- ville, Tennessee, early in 1885, and practiced there five years, coming to Dallas in 1890, where he has built up a large and increasing practice. It should have been mentioned that after graduating in dentistry he took special instructions in the manufacture of continuous gum work and the art of carving porcelain teeth, preparing himself to take a position with Dr. Evans, of Paris, France, who was then dentist to the Emperor. The illness of Dr. Gurley's father, Martin A. Gurley, prevented him from doing the same. As a physician and surgeon the Doctor has been eminently successful, successfully per- forming some of the most delicate operations on the eye, ear, nose and throat. Our subject's father was a tailor by trade. He stood well among his acquaintances. He took part in the war of 1812, and received a pension, both for his own services in said war and for his father's (John Gurley) services in the Revolutionary war, the latter fio-htino' under General Francis Marion. The father, 780 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. Martin A., died at the age of ninety-six years, in 1869. He and his wife were devout and life-long members of the Methodist Episcopal Cliurch. His wife died during the war, aged about forty-five years. Of their seven chil- dren only four are yet living, viz.: Our sub- ject, the oldest; Henrietta, widow of Frank Allen, residing in South Carolina; Pleasant and Duncan, the younger brothers, reside there also. Our subject and wife's liome has been blessed in the birth of six children: Alice, wife of Frank Dickason, of Dallas, — Delphine is their only child; Eugenia, Bessie, Lulie and James are of the home circle; Millie, the second child, died at the age of two years. Mrs. Gurley and daughters are members of the Baptist Church. Probably there is no other dentist in the South who has had such thorough and scien- tific training in his profession as Dr. Gurley. He has been a close and careful student, and takes pride in keeping fully abreast with the times in all the tnethods of treatment and scientific discoveries. fOHN S. BALLARD, has been a resident of Dallas county, Texas, since 1857. Mr. Ballard was born in Charleston, Virginia, in 1823, the youngest in the family of nine children of John and Phebe (Berry) Ballard, natives of Virginia. His father, a farmer by occupation, emigrated in 1825 to Boone county, Kentucky, and settled on a farm. He spent the rest of his days there, and died in 1859. His wife passed away in 1850. John S. was reared in Boone county, Kentucky, and received his education in the subscription schools of that place. In 1846 he went to Shelby county, Indiana, and was employed as clerk in a store. About 18J:9 he went to Carthage, Rush county, Indiana, and in 1851 to Henry county (Knightstown); in 1850 was married there, to Miss Sarah Elizabeth Goble, a native of Henry county, Indiana, and a daughter of Ebenezer and Sallie (Ferguson) Goble, natives of Ohio. They lived in Indiana until they came to Dallas, Texas, the father coming in 1856, and the mother in 1857. He died in 1863, and she in 1868. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Ballard settled in Henry county, where they lived until 1857, when they came South and located near Lancaster, Dallas county. Mr. Ballard bought prairie land, improved it, and lived on it until coming to Dallas in 1861. He settled on Carter street, and engaged in the milling business, being a miller by trade. He also learned the trade of millwright. He erected the Terry Mills in 1863-'64, known as the City Mills. In 1867 he built a large mill in Dallas and continued milliner some three or four years longer. After that he turned bis attention to carpenter work, contracting and superintending. He built the first three- story brick building in Dallas. In 1887 Mr. Ballard moved to his present residence at Oak Cliff; he owns eight acres of well improved and valuable property. He has taken an ac- tive interest in political and municipal mat- ters. He is a Democrat; has served as Alder- man for the Second Ward nearly four years. Socially, he is a member of Dallas Lodge. No. 44, I. O. O. F. He has passed all the chairs in both the Subordinate Lodge and Encampment. He and his wife are both members of the First Methodist Episcopal Church of Dallas. Followincr are the names of the children born to them: George S , who is married and resides at the corner of Seventh and Ewing streets. Oak Cliff, is engaged in ->««kVJR:. 9m^iu^^^.^- BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 781 the wholesale hat business in Dallas; Butler E., who died in Dallas county at the age of nine years; John M., who died at Oak Cliff in February, 1891, left a widow and two chil- dren; Addie, widow of Beverly L. Stem- inons, has two children: Bessie S., and Beverly E. Mr. Ballard is one of the representative citizens of Oak Cliff, and is held in high es- teem by all who know him. lOLONEL MARTIN WILLIAM MANN, one of America's most loyal citizens, was born in Gangrehweiler, Ehein, Bavaria, Germany, in 1830, and is a son (if Johaiin Adam Mann, also a native of Ger- many. His father was a contractor, and died in the Fatherland, in 1863. There were four sons in the family, and three of them emi- grated to America, namely: Va|entine, who resides in Missouri; Philip, in Indiana, and our subject, in Texas. The Colonel received a good education in Germany, b,ut believing the New World had more in store for him than his native land, at the age of eighteen years he sailed away, leaving the beloved home of his youth and his relatives and friends who were very dear to him. He stopped at New York city for eighteen months, where he wqrked at the trade of marble cutting, which he had learned in his own country. He then started out from home and for several years traveled extensively over the United States. When the Civil war broke o\^t he enlisted in the Twelfth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, April 17, 1861. He went to Cairo, Illinois, and was mustered out Augiist 1, 1861. August 14, 1861, he ye-enlisted, joining Company E, Second Illi- nois Light Artillery, and was soon active 51 in the service. He participated in the bat- tles of Fort Henry, Fort Donelson, Shiloh and the siege of Corinth. At Shiloh he was wounded. He was in the siege of Vicksburg, and was afterward transferred to the Gulf Department. He saw some fighitng in the last year of his enlistment, and was mustered out at Springfield, Illinois, September 29, 1864, as First Lieutenant. When peace had been declared he engaged in business at Clinton, Missouri, which he continued until 1874. In that year he came to Texas, and located at Brenham, where he established himself in the marble business. He con- ducted this very successfully until August, 1890, when he disposed of his interests at Brenham and removed to Dallas. Colonel Mann is an active member of the G. A. R., which he joined March 16, 1868. He is a member of Camp Lyon Post, St. Louis, Missouri, but since coming to Texas has been a member of a post here. He was a delegate to Milwaukee in 1888, and March 5, 1890, he was elected Commander of the Texas Department, G. A. R., by a unanimous vote. He has the oversight of fifty-seven posts, of which 1,695 comrades constitute the membership. He is devoted to this organization, giving it much of his time and attention. He belongs to Graham Lodge, No. 20, A. F. & A. M., in which he has been Worshipful Master three terms; to Brenham Chapter, No. 5, R. A. M., for which he has been High Priest two terras; of Brenham Commandery, No. 15, K. T., of which he has been Eminent Commander; of Hellah Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., of Dallas, and he is also an active member of Trinity Lodo'e, I. O. O. F., of Dallas. He has been a Kepublicau from the organization of the party. Was one of the Trustees of the pub- lic school, is a Trustee of Blinn Memorial '782 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNT 7. Methf dist Episcopal College, and is a mem- ber of tlie Methodist Episcopal Church. He was married in 1868, to Miss Annie E. Weiss, a native of Pennsylvania. They have no children. PR. J. S. LETCHER, one of the leading ])hjsicians of Dallas county, and a highly respected citizen of Dallas, dates his birth in Coosa county, Alabama. His parents, J. D. and Martha A. (Bozeman) Letcher, natives of x\labaina, were married about 1836, are now honored pioneers of that State, and have reached the advanced age of eighty-si.x and seventy-eigiit years re- spectively. Mr. Letcher has been engaged in agricultural pursuits all liis life, and by his honorable and upright course has won the confidence and respect of all who have known him during these years. The Bozeman family was composed of four sons and three daugh- ters. Of the former, only Nathan, the cele- brated gynecologist of New York, is living. Mrs. Letcher's sisters are Elizabeth, wife of General Bulger, of Alabama; and Martha, widow of a Mr. McKinney, of Milam county, Texas. Following are the children of Mr. and Mrs. Letcher: Dr. Francis M., of Cross Keys, Alabama, married Claudia Canton, and has seven children: Susie, wife of Dr. W. R. Chapman, resides on a farm in Monroe county, Alabama, two of their four children being doctors; Hattie, wife of Henry Davis, died at the age of fifty years, leaving six chil- dren; Elizabeth, widow of K. King, lives in Rockdale, two of her six children being doctors ; Mattie, wife of A. H. Pylant, died, leaving ten ciiildren, two of the daughters having married doctors; Nathan G. died at the age of thirty-three years, unmarried; John D., Jr., a large stock-dealer, of Jones county, Texas, was first married to Miss Neighbors, and after her death to Miss Zellner, having four children by his present wife; Dr. J. S., the subject of our sketch; Lulu, wife of J. H. Hughes, Burnet, Texas; and James Talbert, an attorney at Lampasas, Texas, who died at the age of thirty, unmarried. For fifty-six years Mr. and Mrs. Letcher have traveled life's pathway together, sowing the seeds of kindness that have long since ripened into a fruitful harvest. Tliey are Hfe-loug members of the Baptist Church. The subject of this article received his lit- erary education in Cross Keys, Alabama, and began the study of medicine there under the direction of his brother. Dr. Francis M., a physician of prominence at that place. He then entered the Medical Department of the University of New Orleans in 1870, and gi'ad- uated at the Medical College of Alabama in 1872. He practiced medicine in Milam county, Texas, eleven years, in Lampasas six years, and since 1889 has been at Dallas. In 1883 he atteded Bellevue Hospital Medical College, in 1884 took a post graduate course at the Post Graduate Medical College in New York, and in J888 attended the Polyclinic in New York, thus fi^rther preparing himself for ills life work. In the practice of his pro- fession he hag been vpry successful. He is medical examiner and referee for several pro- minent insurance companies of the East. While in Lampasas he was president of the First National Bank, which position he re- signed when he moved to Dallas. Dr. Letcher was married in 1876 to Miss M. M. Oxsheer, daughter of Honorable W. W. Oxslieer and his wife, nee Martha Kirk, natives of Tennessee and for over fifty years residents of Milam county, Texas, the former seventy- eight and the latter sixty-eight years of age. Mr. Oxsheer has represented his dis- BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 783 trict in the Legislature several times. He is a surveyor of much experience. He and George Erath and George Green, of Milam county, established most of the county lines west of the Brazos river. The three children of Mr. and Mrs. O.xsheer are F. G.. an exten- sive stock-raiser, of Colorado, Texas, who married Mary Beal and has seven children: Viola, wife of H. F. Smith, a merchant of Cameron, Texas, has six children; and Mrs. Letcher. The Doctor and his wife have three children, Oakey, Elma and Ann. Dr. Letcher is prominently connected with the Masonic fraternity. He has served as "Worthy Master of the blue lodge, and is also a member of the Royal Arch Chapter; is a K. of P. as well. In politics, he is a Demo- crat. He and his wife are both members of the Baptist Church. ti CRADDOCK, capitalist and real estate 'ji dealer, is one of the progressive busi- V ® ness men of Dallas, and is entitled to the following space in this record of tiie county's leading men. He is a native of Henry county, Alabanja, born October 10, 1847, and is a soi; of Joseph P. and Jane (Byrd) Craddock, natives of New York and Virginia respectively. The father was a plai^ter fme along. He has made the ministrj the only business of his life. When the war closed he had not a dollar, but as he has always had good livings he has now plenty to support his declining years. He never allowed a fear for to-morrow to disturb the even tenor of his way, for he found that the morrow would take care of itself. He has always made it the rule of iiis life to pay as he went and so has kept out of debt. 4^ ^' [FORGE M. DILLEY, a prominent busi- Ij? ness man of Dallas, was born in Hun- terdon county, New Jersey, October 26, 1833, a son of Aaron Chester and Mary (Schurz) Dilley. The family are descendants of old Highland Scotch stock, who were resi- dents of America long previous to the Revo- lution. His great-grandfather, Aaron Dilley, was in the Revolutionary war, holding the rank of First Lieutenant in Van Skales' company. Mr. Dilley, whose name heads this sketch, was born on the old homestead that had been occupied by his ancestry for many generations. At the early age of seventeen he went to Ohio and besjan work for himself in railroad 842 HISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. construction, in Lorain county. In a short time he went to Frankfort, Indiana, and com- menced taking contracts for buildina;. Next he went to Shelbyville, Illinois, where he was telegraph operator and express man. In 1870 he came to this State and took charge of construction on the Houston & Great Northern railroad. Then he becanse inter- ested in foundries at Pine Bluff, Arkansas, Palestine and San Antonio, Texas, and Par- sons, Kansas. In the meantime he also had charge of lumber interests. Next he was connected with the construction of the Sun- set & Southern Pacific railroad in Pecos county, then the Houston & Central Arkan- sas. He was president of the Reynolds & Henry Construction Company, of Joliet, Illinois, that inaugurated the Houston Cen- tral & Northern railroad, constructed and equipped fifty miles of the road, and then sold to Jay Gould, who completed it to Alex- ander, Louisiana. In fact, scarcely a road has been built in Texas within the last ten years in which Mr. Dilley has not been in- terested. He is now busy solving that im- portant problem, to wit, irrigation in Ne- braska. He settled in Dallas, in 1889, and began the erection of an elegant home on Maple avenue. North Dallas. Mr. Dilley was a delegate to the Chicago convention, in 1880,— not only a delegate but was one of the immortal 306 that held to- gether in one unbroken column for General Grant; and what he regards as one ot his most valuable possessions is the souvenir medal which was issued in commemoration of that event, and in honor of the fidelity of those who remained true to the great Captain. Mr. Dilley is a thirty-second -degree Mason, a Knight Templar, a member of the Congre- gational Church, and a stalwart Republican. He was married February 8, 1855, to Miss Fannie Briggs, and of their five children three are living: Gcorce E., in Palestine; Fred L., living in Tyler; and Fannie who is still at their parental home. fPINKNEY THOMAS, one of the many enterprising and public-spirited men ^ of Dallas, real estate and loans and sec- retary of the Trinity Navigation and Im- provement Company, was born in North Carolina, at Troutman, a station on their old homestead, on the Air Line railway, Sejjt- ember 24, 1837. His parents were Jacob and Ellenor Lavina (Murdock) Thomas. His mother was a Witherspoon, of a noted family and well connected in that locality. The father was Deputy Sheriff of that county for some years when only a boy, and later was Sheriff of the county for many years. He was a farmer by occupation, but made his money by trading in real estate, produce, stock, etc. He took good care of those who trusted their ])roperty to his keeping; was scrupulously honest, very accommodating, did business ou good business principles, and retained the good will of all those witli whom he had to do. He was widely ktiown and greatly ad- mired for his honest integrity and sterling worth. He was an exemplary member of the Lutheran Church and an officer in the same from his boyhood days. He was born in 1808 and died in 1864. His wife was born in 1818 and died in Janu- ary, 1892. She also was a member of the Lutheran Church from girlhood, was a de- vout Christian woman, known, loved and held a warm place in the hearts of all who came to know the excellencies of her true Christian character. She was a woman of great will power and was terribly in earnest in what- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 843 ever seemed to her for the greatest good. These parents had four children. Onr subject left home at the age of thir- teen years, to attend school at Center Grove Academy in North Carolina; later he at- tended school at Buena Vista Academy; and subsequently, to humor his feelings, he was sent to Greensboro, North Carolina, where he graduated in music. lie and several others put their means to- gether and bought 18,000 acres of land, spent a year in prospecting on it for copper, but did not make the enterprise a success. He then clerked for a time to procure money with which to visit his father's youngest brother, Andrew, at McKinley, Alabama, but never got there. He started out witii a train of wagons which were to be shipped to England from Cleveland, Alabama, via Charleston, South Carolina. About this time lie took sick and failed in that. Later he learned the printing business and in that was quite successful. He kept good company, was very temperate in his habits, which made him a valued member of a temperance organization known as the Knights of Jericho. In 1856 he was superintendent of the pay department in car shops, and in 1857 he came West, leaving a salary of $2,500 a year. With Charles Turney and Charles Barnard he established the first trading point with the Indians at Waco, Texas. Later he went in charge of 1,500 head of cattle to Ciiicago, the only drove he ever knew to be taken from this part of Te.xas to that city the overland route. It took a year to make the trip. The tirst stop was at St. Joseph, Missouri, where they left 400 of their cattle. They sold to Majors & Russells, who bought for the Government. At Nebras- ka City they sold 300 more. They waded both the Missouri and Mississippi rivers, the latter at Muscatine, Iowa. At the latter they herded the cattle for some time, then drove to Chicago. It is worthy of note that at that date they crossed only one railroad, the Illi- nois Central. He returned to Texas with friends, and to Dallas county in 1861, shortly before his en- listment in the Confederate States Army ser- vice, which occurred in July, 1861, — Com- pany E, a company organized by John D. Coit, of Sumter, South Carolina. Enlisting as a private, he was appointed Second Lieutenant when the company was or- ganized, on motion of Mr. Bowser of Dallas. This was Company E, of which John D. Coit was captain. On the organization of the Eigliteeuth Texas (Cavalry Captain Coit was elected Lieutenant Colonel. This regiment was fortified in the Indian Nation for a time, and then reported to General Holmes at Little Rock. Their next duty was to go on what was known as the Parched-Corn expedition, as they had to subsist seven days on that cereal. On this expedition they drove Steele's division to the other side of White River, had three engage- ments on Little Red river, and participatep in the noted battle at Cotton Plant, on White river; but the command to which Mr. Thomas belonged saw no real Held service until the battle of Arkansas Post, when the whole com- mand was captured and placed on transports on the Arkansas river. Mr. Thomas, with many others, was put off at Pine Bluflf. While convalescent he was sent down to the lower edge of Louisana and upper edge of Ar- kansas to buy clothing. In 1863 General Walker again sent him to Texas, to enlist more troops, and in six or eight weeks he en- listed 500, who came in from all sections in the vicinity. During this sojourn here he was married, at 844 HISTORY OF DALLAS COITNTT. Breckenridge, ten miles north of Dallas, to Miss Sallie Huffman, daughter of Michael L. and Mildred (Clnro) Huffman, and during his six weeks' bridal trip he engaged in recruit- ing volunteers. He reported at Shreveport, where General Darnell was relieved, and he met the refugees from Arkansas Post, and formed the Seven- teenth Consolidated Dismounted Texas Caval- ry, which name was retained to the close of the war. and Lieutenant Thomas also retained the letter E for his company, he continued in the same official relation, vvliile M. W. Dam- eroa was the Captain. While with Captain Coit, Mr. Thomas had the advantage of a book of tactics, which he rapidly learned and soon became capalile of drilling both in cavalry and infantry service. At an engagement at Natchez he took a number of cattle and mules from the enemy; and he also had a three-days fight at Harrison- burg, Louisiana. On his return he met Banks at Fort Deroora, but no battle took place. At Mansfield, April 8, 1864, was the next engage- ment. Mr. Thomas commanded the company nearly all the time during the year 1864. April 8, he had fifty-six men in Company E, after making all the details. His company took Nimms' battery and the colors, besides many of the men, of the Nineteenth Kentucky Regiment. At the battle of Pleasant Hill the next day Mr. Thomas was wounded, at nightfall, and taken off the field, leaving to his successor sixteen men. Being reported as per- manently disabled for field service, be return- ed to Dallas; but E. Kirby Smith, com- mander-in-chief of the Trans-Mississippi Department, ordered him to report to Gen- eral Henry McCullough, commander of the North Subdistrict of Texas, and he was next ordered to take command of the post at Sher- man. He was there during the winter of 1864-'65. Then he went to Jacksboro to in- vestigate the trouble between Colonel James Bowlen's troops and the home deserters. His next business was as commander of the post at Dallas, where he closed iiis military career. He closed his services within sixty feet of where he enlisted when he was sworn into the service in the courthouse square, near the corner of Houston and Main streets, opposite the Crutchfield House. For several years after the close of the war he came to Dallas, put up a paint shop and carried on painting in all its brandies, sup- plying all the needs of the city and county. For his next adventure he opened the Texas wagon yard, the first wagon yard ever located in Dallas. He bought the ground located between Main and Elm streets, through which now runs Murphy street. He went from there to the farm in 1878. He farmed two years, then he opened out in the grocery and cotton business, continuing that one year. Then he went into the real-estate business, in which he still continues. He began the Trir.ity navigation enterprise in 1878, and never allowed a wheel to turn, until the date of this writing, without throwing his whole weight for its successful completion. In June, 1891, he had it incorporated, secured a charter, and constructed a boat which has been at work continuously ever since. The long years of work culminated in edu- cating the masses. They are now well under way, and it is now regarded as a success. No other man has done so mucli to make this enterprise a success as the subject of this sketch. Our subject was married April 29, 1863, to Miss Sallie Huffman, daughter of M. L. and Mildred Huffman, of Breckenridge, Dal- las county, Texas, They have eight children, HISTOBT OP DALLAS GOUlSTy. 845 viz.: Mike Huffman, who is a partner with his f'atiier in the real-estate business. He married Miss Emma Moss, and they reside in Dallas city: Mike is their only cliild. Mr. Thomas' next child is Joseph Pinkney, who is foreman of the gents' furnishing department of E. M. Kahn & Company. He married Miss Maggie Kennedy, and Sallie is their only child; Mildred Eleanor, a graduate of the Dallas high school class of 1892; DeWitt, who is in the audit department of the Texas & Pacific office of Dallas; Enlace Lane, de- ceased in November, 1880, aged about four years; Mollie Rice, who is a bright pupil and quite proficient in mathamatics and lan- guages; Calvin Holmes, who is quite a bright and businesslike boy, a pupil of the high school; and Fergus Davis, a bright boy of seven summers. Both parents and the tliree oldest children are members of the Central Christian Church. J. Pink. Thomas is one of the older citi- zens of Dalllas, and has been identified with the best interests of the city since it was quite a village. He and his good wife are numbered among its worthy and substantial citizens. ||^?1|ILLIAM N. COE, County Treasurer iflffiW of Dallas county, was born in 1861, l^=y^j in Kussell county, Kentucky, a son of John C. Coe, a farmer. Just before at- taining his majority of years he came to Texas, and by the advice of his maternal uncle. Dr. W. F. Wolford — a wealthy and in. fluential pioneer of Collin county, — went to school about three years. Quick and tireless of application, he mastered the rudiments of an education thoroughly and became an ex- cellent bookkeeper. He followed this occupa- tion until 1886, when he entered the emnlov 85 ^ *' of Henry Lewis, Sheriff of Dallas county. He has thus come in contact with men of every condition of life, and exhibited remark- able tact, uniform courtesy and a clear con- ception of the duties of a public officer; and at the election of County Treasurer in 1890, with four independent Democratic candidates in the field, he was chosen by a handsome plurality. Barely thirty years of age at the time of his election, he is the youngest county treasurer ever elected in the State of Texas. A half million dollars of the people's money pass annually through his hands. He is a stalwart Democrat, being one of the bricrhtest exponents of that jiolitical faith. He is a zealous member of the order of Knights of Pythias. He was married February 5, 1891, to Miss Fannie Cullom, a most estimable lady. P|EV. A. P. SMITH, D. D., minister of I the First Presbyterian Church of Dal- las, was born in Dallas county, Alabama, July 16, 1832. His j.arents were William S. and Louisa (Bowie) Smith, the former from Charleston, tiie latter of Abbeville, South Carolina. The father was an attorney in his early days in Charleston, South Caro- lina; later was a planter in Alabama, from which State he came to Texas, where he died in May, 1881, at the age of eigiity-four years. He was an elder in the l^resbyterian Church for forty odd years. His wife, Louisa A., was a daughter of Major George Bowie, a prominent attorney of South Carolina. She also wasa member of the Presbyterian Church, earnest and devoted and died more than forty years ago. Our subject, the oldest in a family of eleven children, was educated primarily in the schools of Dallas county, Alabama; later he gradu- 846 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. ated in a literary course at Oglethorpe Col- lege, South Carolina. Dr. Talmadge (uncle of T. DeWitt Talmadge of New York) was the president of Oglethorpe College at that time. Subsequently Dr. Smith graduated in a theological course at the seminary at Columbia, South Carolina. Dr. James Thorn- well, Dr. George Howe and Dr. Benjamin Palmer were among the professors of that college at that time. Rev. Smith preached first on Sullivan Island, near Charleston, and during his pastorate there the yellow fever raged violently, but he continued liis work without molestation. After that he filled the Globe Street church in Charleston, South Carolina. He remained there until the war opened, when he was made Chaplain of the First South Carolina Regiment, Ivershaw's brigade. He served in that capacity until near the close of the war, when he was disabled with rheumatism and was discharged from the service. As soon as he was able to preach he filled the pulpit at Spartanburg, South Carolina, until the war closed. He then moved to Aberdeen, Mississippi, where he filled the Presbyterian pulpit and was also pres- ident of the Female College in that city for six years. In August, 1873, he moved to Dallas, Texas, and took charge of the First Presbyterian Church, which position he has ever since occupied. His is the oldest pastor- ate in the city. He began in an old weather- boarded house, with nineteen members. The membership now numbers more than 300. Three mission churches since have gone out from this mother church. Mr. Smith has done an excellent work in Dallas, and has a most worthy and substantial record both as a minister and citizen. He was nnirried December 1, 1858, in Charleston, South Carolina, to Miss E. T. Smith, daughter of James E. and Susan Ann Smith, who were old, prominent and most highly respected residents of Charleston. They raised a large family of children, who remained in the city until the war opened. Mrs. Smith is a lady of culture and has ever been loyal to the best interests of the Presby- terian Church. Amonor f'OSEPH BRITAIN, deceased. , the pioneers of Dallas county, Texas, none were better or more favorably known than this worthy gentleman. He set- tled here in 1848, and was closely identified with the best interests of the county until the time of his death. Joseph Britain was born in Tennessee, February 29, 1816, a son of Benjamin and Sarah (Mathews) Britain, natives of Tennessee and Virginia respect- ively, and of Scotch and English origin. The family were among tiie first settlers of Tennessee. When Joseph was about fourteen years of age his parents removed to Illinois and settled in Cass county. There he was married, in 1835, to Miss Marthena White, a native of North Carolina, and a daughter of William R. and Rachel (Cowen) White; she had been taken to Illinois by her parents when a child. About the year 1840, Mr. Britain and his wife removed to Henry county, Missouri, be- ing followed soon afterward by his father's family; his father and mother passed the re- mainder of their days in that county. He was engaged in farming in Missouri until 1848, when he removed to Texas. He was accompanied by his wife, their five children and a nephew, B. L. Cowand; they made the journey to the borderland of civilization with a team of horses, being a month on the way. Mr. Britain first settled on what was known as the Haney farm, now known as the Petty HISTORY OF DALLAS GOUNTT. 847 place; there he lived with his family in a shanty until he could build a better house, and raised one crop. He afterward went to Navarro county and lived there one year, at the end of which time he returned to Dallas county, and for five years rented the Robert- son farm. He then pnrcliased 100 acres of wild land, six miles southwest of the city of Dallas, and began the task of making a home for himself and family. He added to the first purchase in later years until he became the owner of 700 acres of Dallas county's best soil, where he followed agriculture and stock-raising until his death. By his first wife, Marthena, Mr. Britain had twelve children, seven of whom are liv- ing, and six of whom were born in Texas: Mrs. L. J. Fleming, the eldest daughter, is fifty-four years of age; she has three children and six grandchildi-en, four of whom are living; D. L., the eldest son is engaged in the real-estate business in Henrietta, Clay county, Texas; he is the father of fourteen children, ten of whom are living; his eldest son, J. W., was a most estimable young man; he had reached the age of twenty- two years, and was Marshal of Henrietta at the time of his death; James M., the second son of Joseph, resides six miles southwest from the the city of Dallas; he has eight children, six of whom are boys, engaged in farming; Nancy M., the second daughter, is the wife of H. L. Fleming; she is the mother of eight children, six of whom survive, all boys; she has one grandchild; her home is in Dallas connty near the old homestead; Sarah M., twin sister to Nancy M., died in Missouri at the age of four years; Joseph B., the third son, lived on a farm in Dallas county until the time of his murder, which occurred May 2, 1889, at four o'clock, a. m.; he was the father of three daughters and one son; Ben- jamin M., the fourth son, is living at Sey- mour, Baylor county, Texas, engaged in the grain trade; he is the father of seven chil- dren, five of whom are living, two sons and three daughters; Martha E., the wife of J. W. Collier; she lived in Dallas county until the time of her death in September, 1889; she was the mother of eight children, six of whom are living, four sons and two daugh- ters; her husl)and was murdered November 1, 1887, while returning from Dallas; Annie, the fifth daughter, died January 4, 1864, at the age of eleven years; Frank H. lives in Swisher couTity, Texas, follows farming and stock-raising, the father of eight daughters, six of whom are living; George B., the sixth son, is living on the old homestead; he is the father of two daughters and a son; one daughter is deceased; Rachel C. died in Texas, in 1869, at the age of eight years. Mrs. Marthena Britain died of small-pox, November 28, 1863, at the age of forty-three years, one month and nine days; her daugh- ter Annie was the next to follow, stricken by the same dr^ad disease, five weeks later. In the spring of 1864, Mr. Britain was united in marriage to Miss Margaret Strader, and six children were born to this union, five of whom were living: Ida, the oldest child and only daughter, died in 1867, at the age of two years; Adam W. resides in Wilbarger county, where he is engaged in farming; he is the father of one child; Edgar C. was one of the first settlers in Swisher county, Texas; Bert also lives in Swisher county; Wallace B. lives in Coleman county, Texas, where he is employed on a cattle ranch; Oiis B. is a resident of Wilbarger county. In 1875, Mr. Britain was again bereft of his companion. Late in the aututnn of 1876. he was united in marriage to Miss Amanda Shackelford, who bore him one daughter, the nineteenth 848 HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. child ; she is named Alice, and was two years old at the time of Mr. Britain's death, March 8, 1880. He was sixty-four years and eight days old; his wife died in September, 1890; she was at the time living in Johnson county, where her daughter still resides. Mr. Britain and his first two wives were active members of the Baptist Church. In early days he served as Constable, and in politics affiliated with the Democratic party. He was possessed of many excellent traits of character, and by his honorable and upright course in life won the confidence of the entire community. The father of nine- teen children, he had sixty-four grandchildren, forty-nine of whom are living, and eleven great-grandchildren, nine of whom are living. fOHN J. CONROY, one of the staunch and reliable sons of Erin, was born in Ireland March 24, 1846, and is the son of Patrick and Nora (Ward) Conroy. His parents emigrated to America during his in- fancy, and settled in Baltimore, Maryland, where the father died. The mother is still living and resides in Baltimore. The father was a tanner by trade, and later followed the occupation of dairyman, which continued un- til bis death. He died in 1886, aged sixty- eight years. John J. passed his youth in Baltimore and received his education in St. Vincent's Col- lege. In 1861 he enlisted in the First Mary- land Infantry Regiment, as First Lieutenant of Company B, and was at that time fifteen years of age. (We doubt if this has a parallel on the Federal side during that long and bloody cantest.) He served until the close of the war. He was promoted and came home as Major of their regiment, although serving on many occasions as Colonel. He participated in many of the most noted battles, such as the first and second battles of Bull Run, Chancellorsville, the two battles of Fredericksburg, battle of the Wilderness, Slaughter Mountain, several minor engage- ments, and finally the battle of Gettysburg, where he was wounded seriously, though not fatally, five times. He was out of the service on account of wounds, all told about one year during the war. After the surrender he was apprenticed to learn the blacksmith's trade, serving for three years. In 1868 he went to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, where he was em- ployed until 1876. In that yeai' he went West, and was one of the first prospecting in the Black Hills. He purchased a claim at Deadwood, Dakota, adjoining the Hidden Treasure. He found nothing there, how- ever, and after remaining there four months, he started for the Big Horn mountain, pros- pecting as he proceeded, at one time being within hearing of the guns which killed Cus- ter. The day following, a band of thirty-five Sioux Indians attacked his party of nine, killed two and wounded three or four others, including Mr. Conroy. His party held the Indians at bay for seven hours, when they were relieved by the Hayden survey party, employed by the Government. The wounded were taken by them to the Crow Indian reser- vation. This accounts for the fact that Mr. Conroy was thrown among the Crow Indians. He made friends with these Indians, learn- ino- their lanffuatje and to a certain extent adopting their customs. He traveled ex- tensively over this section, and bought the first claim at Deadwood, or Dakota Terrify. After four years of prospectiug on the fron- tier he went to Florida, where he resuiqed his trade. He was a partner there of P. Me- Murray who was Mayor of the city of Jack- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 849 sonville, Florida. He remained there until the vell ^APTAIN JOHN HUNTER, who re- i:ic^ sides at 686 Washington avenue, Dal- las, Texas, was born in New York city, June 4, 1831. His parents were Alexander and Jane (Kyle) Hunter, both of Scotch birth. They were married in their native land in 1822. Both were members of the Presbyterian Cliurch. The father was a gardener, and followed that occupation and farming all his life. He was born August 6, 1793, and died December 6, 1869, aged seventy-six years. His wife, born about the same time, died December 26, 1863, aged seventy years. They were honorable and upright people, and reared a family to occupy useful positions in life. Following are the names of their eight children: William, a resident of Staten Island, New York; Johnston, a blacksmith by trade, died at Halifax, North Carolina, aged thirty-two years; Mary, wife of Michael Mallon, died at the age of twenty-nine years; John, the subject of this article; Alexander, who died at the age of thirty-three years; Margaret Ann, wife of Henry Springer, re- sides in New Jersey; Eliza J., who died at the age of thirteen months, and Eliza (2), who lived only six months. The subject of our sketch received his edu- cation in the private schools of New Jersey. He learned the trade of blacksmith, and fol- lowed that trade nine years. When the war came on Mr. Hunter was among the first to offer his services to pro- tect the Union. July 16, 1861, he enlisted in Company C, Second New York Fire Zou- aves. He entered the service as a private, and after the battle of Antietam was made Captain, his promotion being made for bravery in action at that battle. The first en- gagement in which he participated was that of Williamsburg, Maryland, and there he was wounded in the thigh, from the effects of which wound he still suffers. He was in all the battles of the army of the Potomac up to and including Gettysburg. There, on July 2, 1863, at four p. m., he lost iiis arm by a shell from the enemy's gun, and was at once taken prisoner from the field. He spent the night in General Lee's headquarters, and it was three days and nights before he received anything to eat. What he suffered at that HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 891 time can be better imagined than described, lie was fourteen days a prisoner at Williams- port, Pennsylvania, and his arm received no medical attention until July 18, when it was amputated near the shoulder by Dr. Fitch, of the Union army, at Hagerstown, Maryland. He was paroled on the 16th, and as there was no hospital at Williainsport, went with four others to Hagerstown to be treated. Twelve days later he went to Frederick city, Maryland, remained in the general hospital there till October 10, and was then discharged and returned home. After sufliciently recovering. Captain Hun- ter engaged in the milk business at Railway, New Jersey, and continued thus employed two years. He was then engaged there as gatekeeper for the Pennsylvania railroad, the duties of which position he faithfully performed for eleven and a third years. After that he was in the cigar and tobacco business six years. His wife dying in 1891, he sold out, and in September of that year came to Dallas, Texas. Captain Hunter was married, July 8, 1858, to Miss Jane Renton, daughter of Alexander Kenton, of Rahway, New Jersey. They had six children, viz. : Jessie E., wife of Howard Tappan, of Sewaren, New Jersey, their only child being David; Jane I., wife of Benja- mfn S. George, of Sewaren; Katie B., wife of D. F. Fields, also of Sewaren; John K., a resident of Dallas, married Lulu Renner and has three children, Ross G., John F. and Susan; Anna J., wife of F. D. Fields, Sewaren; and Olive G., a graduate of the Rahway high school. The Captain is a member of the First Presbyterian Church of Rahway, as also was his worthy companion. He is a member and has been Senior Vice-Commander of the Twenty-seventh Post, Rahway, New Jersey, and is also a member of John A. Dix Post, No. 11, Dallas, Texas. In politics he has never taken an active part, but has always voted with the Republican party. N. BRYANT, commercial traveler for Marshall Chemical Manufactur- '^ ing Company, of Kansas City, Mis- souri, and State agent for Texas and Louisiana for the same company, has been a resident of Dallas, Texas, since 1874, and was reared in the Lone Star State. His father. Major Charles G. Bryant, who was among the earliest settlers of Galveston, Texas, had been one of the inceptors and leaders of the patriot war in Canada, which culminated in 1837. He was captured by the British and sentenced to be shot, but was taken, surreptitiously, from the guards by his sympathizing Canadian friends on the night preceding the day set for his execution, and he escaped into the United States, a large reward being offered for his head by the British Crown. He, with others, immediately chartered a vessel and came to Texas, and was closely identified with the Lone Star Re- public from that time until her star was merged into the bright galaxy of the sister- hood of States, participating in her varying fortunes and thrilling scenes. He was killed by the Comanche Indians in 1850, at the age of forty-nine years, while faithfully serv- ing his adopted State in the capacity of Quar- termaster and Commissary of a battalion of mounted Texas rangers, and his remains lie buried where he fell in Refugio county, thirty-two miles from Corpus Christi and eight miles from Rockport. He was strictly a military man, his earliest boyish inclina- tions tending in that direction. It was he 853 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. who drilled the Texas volunteer troops for the Mexican war, raising for that purpose the first volunteer company on Galveston Island. He was formerly Major General of the militia of the State of Maine, and was first in the boundary question between the United States and Great Britain at the Aroostook, on the Canadian border, in 1836. His marriage took place in Massachusetts about 1801, to Miss Sarah Getchell. They had eight chil- dren, the first five being born in Maine and the rest in Texas. The oldest, Andrew Jack- son, was midshipman in the Texas navy, and took an important part in all the engagements between the Texas and Mexican fleets off Yucatan in 1842-'44, where he was severely wounded and made a physical wreck for life. The most distinguished honors and highest encomiums were bestowed on him for his dauntless courage and unswerving fidelity to duty by the commanding officer of the Texas navy, Commodore Edwin Moore. He lost his life at sea by the foundering of the brig Galveston in the Gulf of Mexico in 1844, but his name and deeds are written in gold in the imperishable history of his country. One of the most pleasing and talented writers of Texas of those days thus apostrophizes the young hero: " Poor boy, though thy young days have ended on earth, Though thy grave is deep, deep in the sea, Yet, Bryant, we'll hallow thy name and thy worth, And thy deeds in defense of the free." The youngest child, sister of the subject of the subject of this sketch, was Mrs. Welthea Leachman, nee Bryant, the wife of John S. Leachman, a prominent resident of Dallas and at present a commercial traveler for a large mercantile establishment of Dallas. Mrs. Leachman died in 1888, at her home in the latter city. She was the pronounced poet laureate of Texas, contributing for many years to the columns of the Galveston News and other publications. A literary critic of the East, who is himself a bright luminary, said of her that "many of her productions should take front rank as being among the brightest gems of American literature." Her poems, which will constitute a brilliant intellectual brochure, will some day be collected by the subject of this sketch and given to her be- loved Texas. She was a distant relative of William Cullen Bryant, and the divine affla- tus of the poetic muse, as in her illustrious ancestor, conspicuously marked all the ema- nations of her pen. Unfortunately for the literary world, the notes of this Southern song-bird are hushed, but her melodies still vibrate on numerous sensitized tympanums, and re-echo upon the celestial shores. All of her brothers seem to have been tinctured with the penchant for versification, and three of them have figured at various times as journalists of note. Charles C. Bryant, the veteran printer, who died four years ago in Dallas, published the Nueces Valley in Corpus Christi as long ago as 1851. He was also co-publisher with Mr. W. N. Bry- ant, of Bryant'' s Commercial Transcript, which was printed in the city of Houston, Texas, in 1865-'66. W. N. Bryant will be remembered as the publisher for fourteen years of Bryant's Texas Almanac and Hall- way Guide, a statistical and historical serial, which exerted a widespread and effective in- fluence in favor of immigration to Texas, which labor of love his failing eyesight forced him to resign, with the proud consciousness, however, that his book had probably been as potent a factor in the peopling and upbuilding of Texas as any of the multifarious ax-grind- ing, State-subsidized institutions, which have blazed up from time to time and flickered HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 853 with uncertain light. His serial was widely known and recognized as a standard text book on Texas, commanding the attention and admiration of the English-speaking world. Another talented brother of the subject of this sketch was D. C Bryant, whose death occurred in Dallas in 1882. He also was a veteran printer and publisher of Texas, and was largely instrumental in molding a healthy public sentiment within the scope of his influence, tiring his readers with a land- able ambition and stimulating an emulative spirit of public enterprise. He published the Democrat South at Corpus Christi in 1857, and at one time published the Acorn, at Oak- ville, in Live Oak county, Texas, of which the suggestive motto or symbol was, "Tall oaks from little acorns grow," but, although it was a healthy and sprightly Acorn, it never attained the adult proportions of an oak. This paper was a terror to a band of cattle and horse thieves that infested the country in those days, and who committed what might be termed legalized depredations in the spring ''ronnd-ups," as they denominated the gen- eral branding occasions. The standard in this country at that time among that class and element for measuring men's worth was established with reference to their bravado in overriding and defying all legal restraints, and their high-handed disregard for all legal and moral rights. D. G. J^ryant undertook the role of reformer, and tried to purge the community of some of the immoral practices of those times. In so doing, however, he came a "little too close" to some of the "prominent men" of that ilk, the conse- quence being that they constituted them- selves a little more than a committee of one to wait on Mr. Bryant and invite him to desist by "looking up a tree." The hint was conveyed to him by Harry Hinton, one of God's rough-hewn noblemen, an Indian scout and tighter of those days. When the self- styled "Vigilance Committee" sought for Mr. Bryant in the "wee sma' hours," for the purpose of inducing him to add his quota to the contemplated festivities, he was conspic- uous for his absence, having taken French leave. The " Vigilants " destroyed the Acorn, scattering its fragments to the winds, the owner never returning to inquire the manner of its disposition or attempting further reformation. Edwin Moore Bryant, the youngest of the brothers, who resides in Corpus Christi, Texas, is likewise a versatile and prolific writer, and may justly wear the laurel as a composer of pure poetry. W. N. Bryant, although having passed the half-century mile-post of life, has lost none of his accustomed vigor and energy, still possessing an inexhaustible amount of enthu- siasm on the possibilities of Te.xas, and casts with untiring delight her future brilliant horoscope. The tablets of his memory contain one vast store of historical data, and, beinc nearly fifty-tive years of age, and possessing a natural inclination and remarkable memory for things covered with the mold of time, can relate many an o'ertrue and thrilling tale of Texas. He was married, in 1858, at San Antonio, Texas, to Miss Elvira Wilkerson, daughter of E. A. and Mary Wilkerson, her parents hav- ing spent their early lives in Alabama. Mrs. Bryant is a lady whose attractions of mind and person render her a joy forever in her domestic world. Every surrounding of their beautiful little home in Dallas indicates the taste, refinement and cultui-e of the occupants. Mr. Bryant is a member of the Knights of Honor and of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He and his wife are earnest mem- bers of the First Baptist Church of Dallas. 854 HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. Mr. and Mrs. W. N. Bryant have had twelve children, seven of whom are still liv- ing, namely: Irving H., Helen Elva, Giddie Jiandall, Wolfred Parsons, Jessie Fay, John William and Claude Achilles. Four of their children are grown and two are married. Mrs. Nellie Medders, the oldest daughter now living, resides in Dallas, Texas, whose three children are a source of unceasing comfort to their grandparents. The oldest daughter, who was born during the war, bore the typi- cal name of Secessia, and it is a singular co- incidence that, on the very day and hour when the Federal troops landed in Galveston the father, who was fifty miles away witness- ing the disembarking of the troops and their occupation of the city, received the sad and heart-rending news of the death of his Seces- sia, who died simultaneously with the beloved cause of which she bore the hallowed name! fUDGE LAUGH McLAURIN.— Among the prominent attorneys and judges of this county stands the subject of this sketch. He is a native of Mississippi, having been born there January 18, 1854. His parents were Dr. H. C. and Harriet (Lane) McLaurin, natives of South Carolina and Mississippi respectively The father was a physician and surgeon of good repute, and an Elder in the Presbyterian Church for many years. His wife, a member of the same church, is still living, although her husband died in 1880, aged sixty-seven. His wife is now sixty-three. They had seven children, four yet living. Our subject was educated and graduated in the University of Mississippi, in the class of 1874:. He began reading law, his pre- ceptors being Governor Robert Lowry and A. G. Mayers, the firm being Mayers & Lowry. Li October, 1875, our subject was admitted to the bar and began practice the following January, at Port Gibson, Missis- sippi, with Septun Thrasher, under the firm name of Thrasher & McLaurin. This firm continued one year, when Mr. Thrasher re- tired, and Mr. McLaurin formed a partner- ship with J. McC. Martin, which continued until April, 1883, when our subject was made Chancellor of the Tenth Judicial Dis- trict of Mississippi, being one of the youngest judges Mississippi ever had. He served one term of two years, on the recommendation of the bar of that district. So popular was he that he was again elected and served three years, but resigned in 1890 and came to Dal- las, where he has conducted a large practice ever since. He was alone until June, 1891, when he formed a partnership with Mr. John Bookhout, the firm being Bookhout & McLaurin. This firm has been very success- ful, having all that it can possibly do. He was married April, 1881, to Ida, daughter of Dr. Joel K. Stevens, late of Sau Antonio, Texas. He was a surgeon in the United States army until he went to San An- tonio, Texas, to live, after serving through the Mexican war. He raised a company in the late war, and was killed near Mansfield, Louisiana, in the Banks' expedition. His wife is still living, aged about sixty-seven. She lives with her son. Lieutenant R. R. Stevens, of the United States army, at Hot Springs, Arkansas. Her three children are: Mary, wife of M. T. Alford, of Hot Springs, Arkansas; Lieutenant R. R. Stevens, un- married, a graduate of Wfest Point, having been on the frontier since his graduation, being very successful in managing the In- dians. He had charge of the pioneer party that went to examine the new country among HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 855 the Ute Indians. The third child is Mrs. McLaurin. Mrs. Margaret Stevens, mother of these three children, is a niece of Colonel McCrea, a Eevolutionary officer. Both Mr. and Mrs. McLaurin are members of the Presbyterian Church, of which the former is an Elder. Mr. McLaurin is a member of the Masonic order and of the K. of P. He and his charming and accomplished wife are very popular among the people of Dallas, where they are well known and highly respected. C. ARDREY is a native of "Wilkinson county, Mississippi, and a son of '* James M. and Susan F. Ardrey. His father with his family emigrated to Texas in 1843, locating in San Augustine county. He was a lawyer by profession, practicing in the courts at San Augustine and in the other counties belonging to that judicial district, as well as in the Supreme and Federal courts at Tyler. He was elected to represent his county in the Legislature in 1856. He died in 1857, at the age of forty-five. His widow survived him until 1865. Mr. Ardrey's strict integrity, high sense of honor and marked devotion to truth, and his gentle- manly deportment, attracted the special at- tention of all who knew him. He was in every way an honorable and upright man. Mr. Ardrey received an academic educa- tion. After leaving school in 1858 he was appointed Deputy Clerk of the District Court of San Augustine county, which position he filled until the fall of 1860, when he accepted a position as clerk of a steamboat called Uncle Ben, on the Sabine river, running from Sabine Pass to Sabine town. At the beginning of the war, in 1861, Mr. Ardrey was engaged in steamboating on the Mississippi river; and in June, 1861, while his boat was lying at Fort Adams, Missis- sippi, he enlisted as a private soldier in what was afterward known as Company E, Twenty- first Regiment Mississippi Infantry. Serving four years in the Army of Northern Vir- ginia, his company and regiment saw as much hard service as any in the Confederate , army, the subject of this sketch being pro- moted to the position of Second Lieutenant of this company just after the battle of Get- tysburg. After the close of the war, Mr. Ardrey, in- stead of returning to Texas, his adopted State, located in Woodville, Wilkinson county, Mississippi, and in the fall of 1865 was elected Clerk of the Circuit Court of that county, tilling that position for about three and one- half years, when the State was placed under military rule and all State and county officials who were ex-Confederates were removed from office. In November, 1868, Mr. Ardrey married Miss Susie A. Downs, of Wilkinson county, Mississippi, and in January, 1872, returned to Texas, locating in the town of Dallas, and for a short time was engaged in the mercan- tile business. Disposing of his interest in the business, he was shortly afterward em- ployed as Assistant County Treasurer of Dal- las county, which position he tilled about five years, when he engaged in the real-estate business with a partner, under the firm name of Prather & Ardrey. This firm has been one of the most progressive doing business in Dallas. They have laid out and developed several important additions to the city. Mr. Aidrey is a progressive business man, and has been concerned in some of the heaviest real-estate transactions in the city. 856 HISTORY OF DALLAS GOUNTT. Ill religion he is a Baptist, and in politics a Democrat. His daily life characterizes him as a gentleman of manly instincts, of honor, ability, courage, and of deserving popularity. llglLLlAM H. BEEMAN, a pioneer of Dallas county, Texas, was born in Greene county, Illinois, in May, 1827, the third in a family of ten children born to John and Emily (Honeycutt) Bee- man, natives of Georgia and South Carolina respectively. The father moved to Illinois in an early day, settling near Alton, where he was subsequently married. He was a farmer and millwright by trade, and albo ran a ferry and wood yard in Illinois. He emi- grated to Texas with horse teams in 1840, having bought 640 acres before starting, of a frontier trader, and located eighty miles from any settlement. The first six months he lived in a fort, and afterward located on land that is now within the city limits. He always made this county his home, and his death occurred in 1850; the mother is still living, residing on Ten Mile creek, Dallas county. The subject of this sketch was reared and educated in Illinois, and at the age of fourteen years came to Texas and aided in opening np the home farm. He commenced life for him- self in Dallas, in the carriage and wagon makers' trade, and in 1851 commenced busi- ness for himself on Elm street, which he con- tinued about fifteen years. Mr. Beeman cleared the land where his three-story brick building now stands, known as Deering Block, on Elm street. After the war broke out Mr. Beeman moved to his farm, where he has seventy-seven acres in a good state of cultivation, having given most of his land to his children. He was married in Dallas county, in 1851, to Martha Dye, a native of Virginia, and daughter of Benja- min and Sarah Dye, also natives of Virginia. The parents settled in Kentucky in an early day, and in 1847 came to Dallas, where the father died, in 1852, and the mother a few years later. Mr. and Mrs. Beeman have had ten children. The living are: J. E., in East Dallas; Nevada; Addie, wife of Benjamin Saye, of Dallas county; Hol!y, of East Dallas; L. O., at home; and Roxie, also at home. Mr. Beeman has seen tiie complete develop- ment of Dallas county, and rode in the first wagon that ever came into Dallas. Politi- cally, he is a Democrat, has always taken an interest in everything for the good of tiie county, and aids materially in all public en- terprises. He assisted in the organization of the county, iiaving ridden 140 miles on horse- back to see the judge and get an order to organize. ffOHN M. LAWS, a farmer and stock- raiser of precinct No. 1, Dallas county, was born in Chapel Hill, Tennessee, February 4, 1831, the second in a family of three children born to John and Penelope (Minton) Laws, natives of North Carolina. The father was a farmer by occupation, and moved to Red River county, Texas, in 1845, but two years later returned to Tennessee, where he died in 1875; his wife was de- ceased in 1834. John M. was reared to farm life and educated in the public schools of Tennessee. He came to Dallas county, Texas, January 6, 1855, going by stage to Memphis, thence by steamer to Shreveport, and again by stage to Dallas. He bougiit property in the city of Dallas, and lived there until 1875, when he purchased his present farm of 194 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 857 acres. In 1861, Mr. Laws enlisted in (/ora- pany C, Sixth Texas Cavalry, and served un- til the close of the war. He was in the bat- tles of Franklin, Atlanta, Corinth, Holly Springs and in many skirmishes. After the war he returned to Dallas, where he has since resided. Politically, he is a member of the Democratic party, and in 1869 was elected Clerk of his county, and held that office until 1873. Socially, he is a member of James A. Smith Lodge, No. 395, A. F. & A. M., and has held the office of Treasurer of Tannehill Lodge. Mr. Laws was married in this county, Sep- tember 9, 1859, to Fannie K. Smith, a native of Alabama, and daughter of Rev. James A. and Ann (Killen) Snjith, natives of Tennessee and Virginia. The father was a minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and came to Dallas county in 1847, being the pioneer minister of this county. The father died in 1883, and the mother in 1860, both in this county. Mr. and Mrs. Laws have had seven children, only one of whom survives, — Pen- elope, now Mrs. Samuel T. Sayer. of Mon- tague county, Texas. Mr. Laws lost his excellent wife by death, in 1876. He has seen the full growth and development of this county, and has always taken an active part in everything pertaining to its good. ^HOMAS BOWLES, one of the early settlers of Dallas county, was born in Christian county, Kentucky, in 1841, the third of ten children born to Austin and Ann (Athey) Bowles, natives of Kentucky and Virginia. The father was a farmer by occupation, and remained in Kentucky until his death, which occurred in 1879, and the mother died during the war. Our subject was reared and educated in his native county, where he took up the carpenter's trade, and followed the same about twelve or fifteen years. Mr. Bowles was in the Quartermas- ter's departtnent with Captain Julien Fields, in Dallas during the war. He came to Dal- las county, Texas, in 1860, where he opened up and improved a farm of 175 acres on the waters of "White Rock, and in addition to this he now owns four tenement houses in Dallas, whicli he rents. Mr. Bowles was married in Christian county, Kentucky, to Susan Pyle, a native of that county, and daughter of Ford Pyle, an early pioneer of Kentucky. Politically, Mr. Bowles is a Democrat, and, religiously, his wife is a member of the Baptist Church. IHE URSITLINE CONVENT and ACADEMY, Dallas, Texas.— On one of his pastoral visitations through northern Texas, Bishop Dubuis of Galveston conceived the idea of establishing an institu- tion of learning in the new town of Dallas, which then gave promise of a brilliant future. With the zealous prelate to think was to act. He accordingly communicated his design to the Ursuline ladies of his episcopal city, requesting them to assume the undertaking as early as possi])le. The death of a promi- nent member of that community, who was among those named for the enterprise, delayed for a time its execution, but in the course of a year or two, the subject was again consid- ered, and thus on the 27th of January, 1874, a colony of six professed (Jrsulines, with Mother St. Joseph Holly as Superioress, and Mother St. Paul Kauffinan as Treasurer, arrived in Dallas. Rt. Rev. Bishop Dubuis, who escorted them hither gave them the pos- 858 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. session of a small dwellinor, consisting of two rooms 12x12, situated on the Sacred Heart Church property on Bryan street. Half amused and much surprised at the aspect of their new domain, the ladies won- dered where they were to accommodate their young lady pupils. Save the bare apartments and the sympathy of newly made friends, the young community had in the beginning actually no means but the blessing of Heaven and their own feeble exertions. Gifted with no other endowment but that of the accom- plished education of its members, based upon a system of training that has withstood the test of centuries, united to the ready tact, which could adapt that experience to the needs of a new and rapidly developing coun- try, they bravely set their brains and hands to work to devise means and ways to prose- cute their mission — the instruction and edu- cation of young ladies. It may here be remarked, that the LTrsu- lines of Dallas seem to have inherited the pioneer spirit of their illustrious religious ancestors; for it is a noted historical fact that the Ursulines were the first religious of their sex to cross the Atlantic and to estab lish an educational institution in the New "World. "We find them in Quebec, Canada, as early as 1639. The oldest community in the United States is likewise an Ursuline convent, of New Orleans, which traces its origin as far back as 1727, when Louisiana was still a province of France. So also were the Ursulines the educational pioneers of Texas. From their very first introduction into the city, a cordial and generous bond of sym- pathy was established between the people of Dallas and the Ursulines, which has grown into the identitication of their common interests. During the first week, the usual cloister was disregarded by episcopal sanction. On the 2d of February the new academy was opened with but seven pupils; before the close of the session the number had increased to fifty. Year by year, every scholastic terra became an improvement on tlie last. Parents in due time hastened to confide their children to the nuns' care, and the number of stu- dents soon ran up to the hundreds. These in time became the best advertisements for their school. Additions were hastily constructed to meet the growing demand. Scarce twelve months after their arrival, a large frame building was in course of construction. The Rt. Rev. Bishop advanced a few hundred dollars to aid our pioneer daughters of St. Ursula. This, with the profits of their own industry, defrayed the necessary expenses of the building, which still continues unchano-ed, save in the touches of wear discernible through the lapse of years. The beautiful gardens and shady grove, which soon appeared as if by magic, transformed the hitherto forest wild into a smiling Eden. For years their work continued here, and prospered beyond their most sanguine expectations. Tiie educational labors of the Ursulines in Dallas have been always encouraged and appreciated by all classes and professions of men. Some there were eager to associate their names with the prosperous institution, by obtaining for it a wealthy endowment of landed property, etc., but at that time the ladies deemed it unsafe to venture on certain legal measures that would have thereby resulted, and for this reason they gently withdrew the views of their kind friends from this object, though the names of these friends are still gratefully cherished, and will be handed down in venerated memory within the cloister. In 1878, the institution was HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 859 chartered under the title of the Ursnline Academy, by the Legislature of the State. A few years afterward, through the advice of their worthy chaplain Rt. Kev. J. Mar- tiniere, negotiations were opened, for the acquisition of a desirable property in the suburbs of the city. This resulted in the purchase of nine acres of the Gaston place in East Dallas. The new location was given the name of St. Joseph's Farm. At the time of the purchase, it was a cotton field, sur- rounded by a vast waste of country as far as the eye could reach. Within the last eight years, the liitherto almost desolate region has grown into a beautiful, picturesque suburb, dotted here and there with elegant residences and cultivated gardens. In 1881 the present magnificent structure of the Ursnline Acad- emy of Dallas was begun, and the following year completed. It is of purely Gothic design, a marvel of beauty pronounced worthy of any city in the Union. The main build- ing is 150 feet long by 50 wide, and is of cream-colored brick with brown trimmings. The wing to the left was erected within the past two years, and is of very near the same dimensions. Although the handsome edifice strikes the beholder with delightful gratification, as he views the charming proportions of its graceful arches and curving galleries upheld by gran- ite-clothed pillars and crowned by the Gothic spires of turrets and pinnacled roof. It was not long after its completion that fit surround- ings adorned the beautiful structure. Ere many years, smiling gardens and fruit-laden orchards, shady groves and a charming grotto enclosed the majestic buildings. Since its re- moval from the city, the academy has yearly increased in the number of its boarding students. No day pupils are admitted in this branch of the school. The primitive place on Bryan street has been reserved for the day pupils, and is known as the parochial school. The attendance numbers some 200. Within the last year the Ursulines have also been induced to open a day school in St. Patrick's parish near the Cedars, which bids fair to rival the older one of the Sacred Heart. Rev. J. Martiniere, who welcomed the Ursulines to Dallas, is the worthy chaplain of the institu- tion. Mother St. Joseph Holly, known and loved far and wide, for her amiable qualities and efficient services, was laid to rest in the quiet convent cemetery on a dreary Decem- ber day of 1884. She was succeeded in office by her tried friend and companion. Mother St. Paul Ivauffmaii, whose business tact and ad- ministrative abilities have done much toward advancing the prosperity of the institution. I^ARVEY PAGE, a shoemaker by trade, shoe-dealer, etc., was born in New Haven county, Connecticut, December 14, 1822. His parents were Andrew S. and Mary (Hobart) Page, both natives of Con- necticut. The father was a farmer and shoemaker, tanner, etc. He raised a family of eight children, six of whom are still liv- ing: Henry, the oldest; Sallie, wife of Ben- jamin Foot, died in the 'BOs; Mary, wife of Lyman Beckley, still living in Connecti- cut; Frances married Obed T. Frisby, and still living in New Haven; Emily married first Mr. Barnes, and secondly Philo Hall, and is now deceased ; J. Henry, living in Portland, Oregon, married Miss Fannie Hol- comb; and William II., residing in Brooklyn, New York, and connected with a life-insur- ance company, married Miss Allen, of Brook- lyn. Our subject's father died in 1865, at the age of sixty-seven years. His mother is 860 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. living with Williain Harlem, in Brooklyn, New York; her a^e is now about ninety- two. Both parents and children are members of the Congregational Church. Mr. Page was educated in the academies of Connecticut, has a good common-school education, having gone to school until he was near eighteen years of age. He worked with his father in his business, making and dealing in shoes, and this he has followed, as dealer and manufacturer. He came to Ten- nessee in 1859, and to DeWitt county, Texas, in 1862, then to another point and iinally to Dallas in 1873, and has lived here ever since. While in Dewitt county he was the County Surveyor for two years. He was married first in 1849, to Miss Harriet Page, not a relative. Their two chil- es) ' dren are: Fred H., who has l)een in a larcre shoe house as salesman for the past eigh- teen years; and Louis H., who is on the road for a Chicago house, and resides in Kan- sas City: his wife was Ida Stokes: tiieir two children are Ralph and Irene. The mother died in 1858, aged thirty-two years, a mem- ber of the Congegational Church. His second marriage was in 1860, to Miss Cordelia E. Nelson. Ella, their only child, is now the wife of Randie Crntchlield, of Blos- som, Texas. Their four children are: Har- vey, Mable, Fannie, Ernest. Our subject has been an officer in the Con- gregational Church (Deacon) since he was twenty-six years of age. His wife and chil- dren are members of the Congregational Church. Mr. Page has ever been alive to church and Sabbath-school work. He was one of the original members and Senior Deacon. He had more to do with it than any other man. He has seen the church grow from six communicants to 400, who had wor- shiped in thirteen different places before they obtained a house of worship. The first was torn to pieces by a cyclone a week or two after it was dedicated; then they de- livered letter missives to the Congres^ational- ists of the United States, and obtained money enough to build the second. When that be- came too small they built the present com- modious church. He is Senior Deacon in the Congregational Church, and in every way a most worthy Christian gentleman. He takes no active part in politics. y^DWIN PRUITT, a promising young architect of Dallas, Texas, was born in the State of Arkansas in the year 1869, and is the son of Dr. John W. and Mary (Williamson) Pruitt. The father is still in active practice in Russsellville, Arkansas, but the mother died in 1889. They were the parents of four sons, of whom Edwin is the third-born. He received his elementary edu- cation in the public schools, and at the age of fifteen years went to Little Rock, Arkan- sas, for the purpose of studying architecture. Although a mere lad he had determined upon this profession, and entered the office of B. J. Bartlett & Co., witli whom he remained two years. Then for a time he was with Or- lopp & Kusencr, and then he went to Mem- phis, where he was with M. H. Baldwin &Co. until 1890. In December of that year he came to Dallas, Texas, and almost immedi- ately began active work. He is architect of two massive and beautiful buildings on Main street that are unexcelled for perfection of proportion. He has a true love of his art, and is a faithfuU student of the laws which cr C'-^^LjC^^iL^ HISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 861 govern it. Although he is only twenty-two years of age, his work shows him to be spe- cially endowed. Mr. Pruitt is a menibei- of the Knights of Pythias, and takes an active interest in the growth and progress of the order. iLBEUT W. CHILDRESS, President of the Dallas Cable Railroad Companj', and broker and real-estate dealer, was born near Grenada, Mississippi, a son of Mitchell Childress, a planter, and Julia B., a daughter of Sterling 0. Tarpley, of Big Springs, near Lebanon, Tennessee. Mitchell Childress died at Grenada in 1859, on one of his plantations, and his wife died at their residence in Memphis in 18(33. At the age of eighteen, in 1871, Mr. Chil- dress came from Memphis, Tennessee, to Texas, as a representative of Eastern financial houses, which, indeed, he still represents; and in visiting Dallas he sagaciously foresaw its boom, and was one of the first to initiate it, being one of the pioneers in erecting large business houses in the city, and interested in some of the heaviest real-estatg deals in the place. He erected a good building on Main street, extending back to Elm street. This is still regarded as one of the most substantial buildings in the city. He j^fterward opened the Fairview Addition to East Dallas, which under his energetic management has rapidly developed. But it is as the builder and chief owner of the Dallas cable street railway that his busi- ness ability is best shown. This enterprise is the first of its kind in the South. The track extends from the river to the Fair grounds, and it is built on the newest and best m.odels. Its cost is |400,000. The offi- 66 cers of the company are: A. W. Childress, president; J. T. Gano, vice-president; Charles W. Guild, secretary; T. J. Wood, assistant secretary, and E. E. Kelley, superintendent. The power-house is one of the finest, and, taken as a whole, no enterprise in the city has a fairer prospect. The track was built in 1890, from April to September inclusive. Mr. Childress has also owned some of the most desirable property in Dallas, and is probably the best business man in this part of the country. For his wife he married Miss Mary Ruth, erford, in 1881, a daughter of Colonel R. Rutherford, of Brenham, one of the heavy planters of that section, and their children are. Hazel and Olive, — beautiful and inter, esting. ALHOON KNOX, a merchant of Mes- quite, Texas, was born in Carroll parish' Louisiana, in 1857, the seventh in a family of nine children, born to William L. and Emily (McCarroll) Knox, natives of Tennessee and Louisiana. Calhoon received his education in Marion county, this State, and also attended school three months in Dallas county. At the age of twenty- two years he commenced life for himself, his first work being with Wollas & Wagner, of Dallas, in the grocery business. After one year he removed to Mesquite and engaged in the mercantile trade with T. B. Bunnett, and later sold his interest to his partner and en- gaged in clerking. He was appointed Post, master during Hayes' administration, and held the office six years, or until the electicm of Harrison. Mr. Knox next clerked for R. S. Kimbrough for some time, and January 10, 1891, formed a partnership with William Kimbrough, in the general mercantile busi. 862 HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. ness, and they are now enjoying a fine trade. Mr. Knox was married March 5, 1887, to Miss Elsie Vanston, a daughter of James T. and Anna A. (Roarke) Vanston, natives of Ireland. This union has been been blessed with two children: Rodger C. and Eveline. Mr. IvDOx is a member of the A. F. & A. M., Scyene Lodge, No. 269. SO A SPEARS, one of the prominent business men of Dallas, cashier of the Bankers and Merchants' National Bank of Dallas, is a native of Bourbon county, Ken- tucky, born March 7, 1829. Plis parents were Solomon and Margaret (Kerfoot) Spears, the former a native of Kentucky, the latter of the Shenandoah valley, Clarke county, Vir- ginia. Solomon was a good farmer who was ever alive to the interests of his finely improved farm, which was one of the finest among a number of very good places. He had the satisfaction, as he looked over his broad acres, that all this comfort had been wrought by his own hands. Mr. Spears was a prosperous man and very popular among his neighbors, being most highly esteemed for his business ability, urbanity of character, social qualities and in fact all attainments that are brought into requisition to make a manly character complete. His honor and integrity was such that he became the arbitrater in disputes and even in cases of litigation; and when Solomon Spears gave a decision it was as final, and in many cases more satisfactory than if done by the Supreme Court of the State. He refused office, giving all his attention to his farm and home, in both of which he took more than ordinary interest. This gentleman was a na- tive of Bourbon county, born March 1, 1790, and he departed his life August 21, 1830, aged forty-one years. His life, a native of Brooke county, West Virginia, born Septem- ber 20, 1796, died of cholera, as did many others of that county, June 30, 1833, aged thirty-six. She entered into the work of her husband with that devotion and sympathy that might be expected of so devoted a wife as she was, putting all the strength and fervor of a warm, loving heart into her work; but she quietly passed, in her life's early morning, to that world where there is no night. The grandfather of our subject was Jacob Spears, who came to Bourbon county from Pennsyl- vania, being of German and Welsh extrac- tion. He was one of the early pioneers in Kentucky history, and was noted for his quiet perseverance, great industry, integrity and business character. He became the owner of one of the finest farms, near Paris, Ken- tucky, and was the first man who erected a distillery in Kentucky. Distilling was a very common thing among the farmers of Penn- sylvania and later in Kentucky. Butter, whisky, cheese and other home products were to be found at the residence of nearly every farmer in those days. The famous Bourbon whisky received its name and celebrity from this gentleman and his friends. Those were the days of honest men and honest whisky as well. Our subject is the youngest and only liv- ing member of a family of six children. The others reached mature years, had families and then died. Our suhject was orphaned at a tender age, losing father and mother at the age of one and four years respectively. He re- ceived his early education in the public schools of Bourbon county and finished his literary course at Bethany College, West Virginia, under the tutelage of the great Alexander Catnpbell, the noted educator and divine. After graduating, in 1848 Mr. Spears em- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 863 barked in the merchandise business In Paris, Kentucky. He had not yet attained his ma- ]ority. In two years' time he retired from business and engaged in farming, in Bourbon county, continuing until 1853, when he again enarao-ed in the sale of dry goods, boots and shoes, at Georgetown, Kentucky. This he carried on, successfully, for some time. In 1860 he was appointed clerk in the Farmers' Bank at Georgetown, Kentucky, thus drift- ing into banking business, and there remained until 1883, when he with others organized the First National Bank of Georgetown, Ken- tucky, and he was elected cashier. Under his careful management for seven years, the value of the stock of the bank was doubled. In 1890 he was induced to take the position of second vice-president in the Bankers and Merchants' National Bank of Dallas, Texas, a new bank then being organized. In 1891 he was elected cashier, which position he still holds. He was one of the prime movers in the erection of the bank building, which is one that the city of Dallas may well feel proud of. During the war Mr. Spears felt it iiis duty to support the Union: his sympathies were, neverthless, thoroughly Southern. Being un- able to resist the natural course of events he took no active part in the struggle, but was afterward arrested, owing to an overstraining of a Federal order, and was lodged in prison- In a short time he was released, upon the solicitation of friends, who were both numer- ous and serviceable. Mr. Spears is a member of the Christian Church and takes ari active interest in church work and religious matters, doing much toward the sprei^ding of the gospel. He was married, February 29. 1849, to Miss Fanny C. Gano, of Bourbon county, daughter of John A. and Mary (Conn) Gano, also a sister of R. M. Gano, of whom a sketch appears elsewhere. Her death occurred, Feb- ruary 4, 1850. She was born in Bourbon county, March 24, 1832. She was a devoted, earnest member of the Christian Church. Mr. Spears was married for the second time, in 1852, to Miss Georgia Croakelle, born in Scott county, Kentucky. December 12, 1833, daughter of Thomas Croakelle, a native of Kentucky. Two of the children of this mar- riage were raised to mature years: Sue, wife of Milton Burch, married in 1874, and died in 1888, leaving one ciiild, Nash Spears; she was a devoted and leading member of the Christian Church. Her mother held the same relation in the Baptist Church. Both were model. Christian women. Mrs. Burch was a woman of splendid business qualifica- tions. At the time of her death she was Post- mistress under President Cleveland and ex- press agent at Georgetown, Kentucky. The other child of Mr. Spears is Jacob V., resi- dent of Dallas, Texas, and one of the promising young business men of that city. He is the junior member in an insurance firm. He married Miss Julia Bucknerof Paducah, Ken- tucky. Their five children are: Noa S., Sue Burda, Bessie P., Marie Payue and Miles Bnckner. The secoiul wife died May 13, 1863. She was a relative of David Crockett, famous in Texas history, and our subject was married for the third time, in 1864, to Miss Mary Chapman Steffiee, daughter of George C. and Susan Steftlee. She is a native of George- town, Kentucky, born September 26, 1846, and is a half sister of Mr. Spears' second wife. They have had three children, namely: (ieorge M., who is individual Ijookkeejjer at the Merchants and Bankers' National 15 ink, a id is a boy of toiuperate habits, good traits of character and fine business qualifications. He 864 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. is a graduate of the class of 1890 in the Bap- tist College of Georgetown, Kentucky. The second child, Edna B., is a graduate of the same college as her brother, and Mary C. is still in the Dallas Academy. The daughters are aged, respectively, twenty and twelve years, and are bright, loving girls, the pride and joy of their parents. The mother and chil- dren are members of the Baptist Church. Mr. Spears, though a Democrat in politics, takes very little interest in political matters. He is a man of very fine traits of character, is of a commanding height and proportions, genial nature and is the embodiment of those qualities which go to make up honorable man- hood, energy, probity, tact, perseverance, good nature and zeal. Mr. Spears is an es- teemed citizen of Dallas and the results of his labors are most creditable, as a church- man and citizen. He was Mayor, for some years, of the city of Georgetown, Kentucky. At another time he was president of turnpike roads, an important and responsible position, and was also president of several important corporations of Georgetown. He is a well educated man, having graduated with first iionors, with a scholarship of 100 all around in his studies, at Cincinnati Commercial College, in 1848. Combined with Iiis other accomplishments is that of being a fine pen- man. -»fe fAMES M. GTIOSS, a retired merchant and farmer of Mesquite, Texas, was born in Tennessee, in 1844. He was educated in the county schools of his native county, and at the age of sixteen years joined the Confederate army, Company C, Twenty-sixth East Tennessee Regiment, commanded by Colonel John M. Lillard. He was in the battle of Fort Donelson, where he was cap- tured and sent to Camp Morton, and there retained seven months, after which he was exchanged to Vicksburg, Mississippi. Mr. Gross was then sent to Knoxville, Tennessee, and discharged, and after remaining at home three months he again entered the service, joining Company I, F>fth East Tennessee Cavalry. While serving in this company, he was in the battles of Missionary Ridge and Richmond, Kentucky, and in numerous skirmishes. He was wounded slightly in the foot at Fort Donelson, and also at Missionary Ridge, and was captured in East Tennessee, at a place called London. He was then sent to Camp Chase, Ohio, for three months, thence to Rock Island, Illinois, seven months, where he was afterward paroled. He next joined Company E, Second United States In- fantry Volunteers, commanded by A. P. Car- rier, then first Colonel of the Ninety-fourth New York. When Mr. Gross joined the United States forces he was sent to the States of Kansas and Colorado, where he was mostly engaged in escort duty, guarding the United States mail. The headquarters for some time was Fort Dodge, and while stationed there the Indians made a raid on the fort and captured all the horses but three, but did not fire on the camp. The first grave dug at P'ort Dodge was while Mr. Gross was there, and was for a German who was supposed to have jumped into the river from the Indians and was drowned. Mr. Gross was discharged in October, 1865, at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. At the close of the war he returned to his home in Tennessee, where he engaged in con- tracting for Chattanooga parties, following this occupation seven or eight immths. Oc- tober 10, 1866, he landed in this county, and at once engaged in farming on leased land, continuing one year. He next engaged in HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 865 mercantile business, at a little place nine miles east of Dallas, called Scyene, where he continued successfully two and a half years. He then moved to this place, continuing the same occupation four years, and during the first twelve years here was rated at from $40,000 to 160,000. On coming to this State he had $160, and afterward collected $100 due hiin from home, making in all $260, which was his start. He now owns some of the finest farms in the county, a handsome village residence, and a number of business houses in the village. Mr. Gross was married in 1869, to Miss Margaret Riggs, a native of Tennessee, and daughter of Martin and Delia (Blake) Riggs. Mr. and Mrs. Gross are the parents of six children, viz.: George M., Charles E., and four who died in childhood. Mrs. Gross is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. fACOB D. WADLEIGH, general agent for the St. Louis & Southern Railroad, is one of the early settlers of Dallas and in every way was an acquisition to the town. He was born in St. Louis, Missouri, in 1849. His parents were Elisha and Lydia (Banks) Wadleigh, both natives of Maryland. The father was a contractor and dealer in ship timber, lumber and like goods. He was an industrious, honest, extensively and favor- ably known citizen, dying in 1866, aged forty- nine. His wife, a deserving and popular woman, departed this life in the year 1858. Our subject is the oldest of three children, the others being Frank and Georgia, both of whom reside in San Francisco, California. The latter is the wife of M. T. Chadinan, one of the business men of San Francisco. Our subject began life for himself in steam- boating on the Mississippi river in 1865, filling various positions of trust and respons- ibility until 1870. At the latter date he took a position on the St. Louis Iron Moun- tain railroad, filling various positions with this company also, for thirteen years and nine months. His long time in the em- ploy of this road speaks well for the efficient service he rendered the company and shows that tiiey appreciated his work. He was division freight agent of the road wlien he left and located at Little Rock, Arkansas, in the fall of 1883. He had had headquarters at Dallas, in 1876, but there was very little of the prosperous city then in existence. He next engaged with the Cotton Belt Rail- road, and later lived at Bine Bluif, but removed to Dallas in 1888, where he has re- sided ever since. He has rendered excellent service to the roads by whom he has been employed for the past twenty-two and one- half years, speaking well for the employer and the employed. In every position he filled he gave the most entire satisfaction and ful- filled his duties very successfully. He has gained his present position in life by his own efforts, and he is an example of what patient perseverance will do when it is combined with strict integrity and honesty. Since he was a very small boy he has not wanted for employment, nor been without work for a single day. In 1870 he was married to Miss Nellie Robbins, whose parents died when she was quite young. Her brother. Edward Robbins, and sister Kate, are the other members of her family. The former resides in Texas and is engaged in railroading: the latter is the wife of Z. T. Knoll of Dallas. Mi's. Wadleigh is a member of the Catholic Church and is one of the most charming ladies of Texas. Mr. Wadleiijli is a member 866 EISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. of the Knicrlits and Legion of Honor. He is in thorough sympathy with the progress of the citv and lends his aid to anything calcu- lated to advance the interests of the city of his adoption. |ROF. W. F. CUMMINS, Assistant 9 State Geologist for Texas, was born in Webster county, Missouri, June 13, 1830. His parents were John and Rebecca (Poper) Cummins, of Missouri and Tennessee, respectively. The father was a physician, farmer and local preacher of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. He had a very large country practice as a physician. He died in 1864, over sixty years of age. His wife died in 1849, having been a life-long member of the same church as her husband. They had seven children, five of whom are still living, the others dying in early child- hood. Our subject was educated at St. Charles College and from there came to Texas in 1860, joining the Conference of the Method- ist Episcopal Church South, serving nine years in the itinerancy work. He was stationed one year at Waliaceville to take charge of the Wallaceville Mission. He then was given the Van Zandt circuit for one year, the Palestine, St. Augustine and then Liberty circuit for one year each; then to Lampasas circuit for two years, and was then made Pre- siding Elder over the Lampasas district for one year, in 1869. He was then obliged to re- sign on account of failing health, and so began to publish a political paper at Waxahachie, called the Waxahachie Argus, and con- tinued it for one year. He was then employed on the Houston & Texas Central railroad as right-of-way agent and land agent as well, remaining with them two years, and then en- gaged in the real-estate business for one year, in Dallas, locating land certificates as well. This he continued until 1881, when he was employed by the Academy of Sciences of Philadelphia to make scientific collections in Texas. He continued in this position until his employment by the State of Texas, in which position he has continued ever since, that is for the last four years, the appoint- ment having been made in 1888. While in the employ of the Academy of Philadelphia liis business was to collect the fossils, and while thus engaged he discovered both verte- brate and invertebrate specimens by which the fact of the existence of the Permian for- mation of the United States has been estab- lished. Prior to the collection and discovery of these fossils, the existence of the Permian formation in the United States had been dis- puted by thehighestauthoritiesin thecountry, and it was only after several years of continu- ous controversy that the fact was finally established. At tlie meeting of the Inter- national Congress of Geologists at Wash- ington, District of Columbia, delegates from the Hartz mountains, where the Permian was first discovered, after hav- ing examined Prof. Cummins' collection in the national museum at Washington, con- firmed his statement and said that tiie fossils from the formations in Texas were identical with those from the original locality in the Hartz mountains. This decision gave the professor a very pleasant notoriety as a geolo- gist and scholar among the members of that body. These specimens came from along the Big and Little Wichita rivers. Prof. Cum- mins has made greater investigations of coal deposits in Texas than any other person. There is not a mine nor a proposed mine in the Carboniferous formations in the State of Texas that he has not passed judgment upon HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 867 and made a report to the State in regard to. He has selected the land for all the mines that are being worked at the present time. He has been an expert in the coal regions ever since 1881 and has rendered great ser- vice to the State. Since his connection with the geological survey of the State, he has dis- covered and described leads filling up a hia- tus in the Tertiary period. These beds lie between the Loup Fork and Equus beds of the Tertiary, and are desif^nated as the Blanco beds, having been lirst described by hira, our subject, from Blanco caiion in Crosby county, Texas. The Professor's determination of these beds, heretofore unknown to science, has been confirmed by Prof. E. D. Cope of Philadelphia, the most eminent vertebrate palceontologist of the United States. Prof. Cope and our subject have just completed a tour of these beds, taking three months to make investigations in the locality. Our subject was married in 1870, to Mrs. Minnie C. Darnell, daughter of M. D. Bullion of Dallas, Texas. They were married at Weatherford and they have three children. — ■ Dunkin, Nettie May and Allie Dean. Mrs. Cummins is a devout member of the Method- ist Episcopal Church South. Her father^ M. D. Bullion, is an old resident of Texas, coming here before the war. He was married twice, having three children by the first mar- riage, to Mrs. Cummins, whose first husband was Captain N. H. Darnell, who died of yellow fever in 1868, at New Orleans. He was Cap- tain in the war of the Rebellion and served from first to last. The second child, Denia, is the wife of S. W. S. Dunkin of Dallas, and the third child was John T. Mrs. Bullion died and her husband was married the second time to Miss S. T. Davis. They had two living children, T. A. and C. A. Mr. Bullion was in the mercantile busi- ness for many years and was quite successful. Later engaoed in real estate and located land certificates, but is now retired, and he and his wife are enjoying the comforts of life. When Prof. Cummins came to Dallas in 1872, he made the trip by rail with the pre- liminary surveyors. Our subject is a member of the blue lodge, chapter ai\d commandery, A. F. & A. M. He is High Priest of the Chapter and was Prelate of the Dallas Commandery for many years. It is with a great deal of pride that we mention the great services rendered our State by Prof. Cummins. He has had perseverance in holding to his convictions, as was shown in the International Congress when the dis- cussion arose with regard to the Permian formations. He would not yield one single step, and finally convinced that body that he was right. While in that discussion he estab- lished his theory, he also established his own reputation on so firm a basis that nothing can disturb the faith of any scientist in Prof. Cummins, the State Greologist of Texas. ^ ^ J. ECKFORD, attorney at law in Dal- las, was born in Wayne county, Mis- sissippi, March 1, 1861. His parents were Captain William Joseph and Belle (Gates) Eckford, both natives of Mississippi. The father was admitted to practice law at an early age. He raised a company of Mis- sissippi Wayne Rifles, a company in the Thirteenth Regiment of Mississippi Volun- teers. He went out and was engaged in the seven days' fight around Richmond and was killed at Malvern Hill. He was leading the regiment at the time in a fierce charge and was shot through the heart, the ball entering 868 HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. tlie left breast and passing through the heart. He died instantly and was buried in Holy- wood cemetery at Richmond. He was brave and patriotic, an intimate friend of Jeff Davis, was a graduate of Princeton College — class of '52, a schoolniate of Don Cameron, of Pennsylvania, and an intimate friend of his. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. His age was twenty-nine years. He was admitted to the bar, but had intended to be a planter His wife is still an honored and highly respected resident of Atlanta, Georgia, to which place she moved in 1869, with her four boys, viz.: Charles Gates, married a Miss Hill, ot Greene county, Georgia, resides in Atlanta, and is in a hardware firm; William H., who is in the dry- goods business with Marsh, Smith & Marsh, one of the largest houses of the kind in Georgia; Marshall T., in the carriage hard- ware company with his brother, constituting the Atlanta Carriage Hardware Company. Our subject, the youngest, was educated in Atlanta by a private tutor, studied law under Judge Marshall J. Clark, Judge of the Superior Court of the State. He entered his office when sixteen years of age, and was admitted to the bar of the State when seven- teen years of age. He practiced there for a time, and in 1885 came to Dallas, and has been practicing here ever since, and is one of the firm of Watts, Aldredge & Eckford. He has kept out of otiice, refusing to be a candidate of any kind and has devoted his en- tire time to his practice. The mother is fifty-six years of age. She was quite a belle in the State of Mississippi. Her parents were Charles and Ruse (Reed) Gates. He was a pioneer of South Carolina, and a native of that State. He is a large planter in Mis- sissippi and very wealthy, a great advocate of home enterprises, and is a very public- spirited man who has made much of oppor- tunity, and is well-known and highly re- spected throughout the State. Mr. Eckford's parents were married in 1853, in Mississippi. The father died July 2, 1862; he was born in 1833. fOHN R. UMRHRESS, a farmer of pre- cinct No. 4, was born in Florida in 1847, the eldest son of Mitchell B. and Martha (Horton) Umphress. John R. came to this State in 1872, settling in Scyene, where he rented land in that neighborhood and engaged in farming. When he came to this county he had but $2 in cash and a wife and two children. In 1875 he bought a portion of his present homestead, for which he paid §6, Tinimproved. He immediately erected iiis residence and opened his land for cultivation, and in 1879 bought forty acres more on White Rock creek, for |10, and later 125 acres for |25 per acre. Besides this he has 160 acres of timber land, for which he paid §5, and all is now under a fine state of cultivation. Mr. Umphress certainly deserves great credit for the energy displayed since coming to this State. The opportunities for an education afforded him in his boyhood days were very limited, he having only attended common schools a short time. His father died when he was small, and being the eldest son the care of the family largely devolved on him. Mr. Umphress joined Company K, of the Florida Reserve, Major Miller's Battalion, and served twelve months, and during this time was in the battles of Natural Bridge, Florida, and several skirmishes. He served until the surrender at Madisonville, Florida, after which he returned home, and in 1866 was married to Miss Louisa Tucker, a daugh- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 869 ter of Isaac and Caroline (Turner) Tucker, natives of Florida. The parents had three sons and three daughters, namely: James, who resides in this county; David, also of this county; Aden, deceased ; Elizabeth, wife of M. A. Umphress; Louisa, wife of our sub- ject; Sallie, now Mrs. John Cabot; Laura, wife of Link Morehart. The parents are both now deceased, the father dying in Flor- ida and the mother in this State. Both Mr. and Mrs. Umphress are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. fOIIN T. GANG, now deceased, was born in Bourbon county, Kentucky, May 16, 1856. His parents are General R. M. and Mattie T. (Cann) Gano, whose sketch appears elsewhere. Our subject was educated primarily in Kentucky and completed a course at Bethany College, West Virginia. He came to Dallas with his parents and then returned to college, and after graduating went into real-estate business in Dallas, which he followed the remainder of his life, aithongh he was con- nected with other enterprises very exten- sively to the day of his death. He was pres- ident of the Bankers and Builders' Bank Building Association, vice-president of the Cable Line Road Company of Dallas city, was director in the Bankers and Merchants' National Bank, secretary and treasurer of Estado Land and Cattle Company at the time of his death. He was one of the most suc- cessful surveyors and land locators in the State of Texas, having located several mil- lions of acres of land, in person. He was a worthy and very active member of the Firs Christian Church of Dallas and was actively engaged on the board of missions, was church Treasurer and was connected with the Sabbath- school. He filled all the positions that were entrusted to his care with great success, honor and due acceptability. His ancestry on both sides represents people of excellent character, high social im- portance and great personal worth. His father. General R. M. Gano, took part in seventy- two battles during the late war. The Gen- eral's paternal grandfather, Ezra Gano, rose to the rank of Brigadier General in the war of 1812. He was born in 1775 and died in 1815. His wife was Elizabeth Ewing, who died of consumption a short time before her husband's enlistment in the war of 1812. Captain William, the maternal grandfather of our subject, also served in the war of 1812. The Rev. John Gano, who was the erreat- great-grandfatlier of our subject, was a Bap- tist minister, who established the first Bap- tist Church in New York city. He had held the position of Chaplain in the colonial army during the Revolution. He was a man of wonderful power and courage, his learning was great and his capability for various liter- ary work was apparent even to a stranger. He was devoted to his work and his inter- pretation of the sterling elements of large and noble manhood was exceedingly line. He seemed to be without the feeling of fear. At one time he rallied the army when the colonial lines were beginning to waver, thereby exposing himself to the shots of the enemy. He was an intimate friend of General Wash- ington, and the latter chided him for so ex- posing himself. The good man only replied that he did not think of personal danger when he saw the men in danger of being defeated. Mr. Gano baptized General Washington, who had become dissatistied with the baptism which had been administered to him in his own church, the Established Church of England. 870 HISTORY OF DAl-LAb COUNTY. The baptism, by immersion, was performed in tlie presence of about forty persons. Very little was said about this, as Mr. Gano trangressed the rule of his church in baptizing any one who was outside the pale of his own church, but he felt that one could not draw the church lines too close in the army, and so all were bap- tized by immersion who so desired. Our subject was married, January 10, 1884, to Miss Clara Bell Helm, daughter of Henry and Emma (Welch) Helm, the latter a daugh- ter of Thomas Welch of Crab Orchard, Ken- tucky. Mrs. Gano is a granddaughter of Tiiomas Helm, whose brother was Governor of Kentucky. Thomas Helm was the father-in- law of Jonathan F. Bell, who ran against Magoffin for Governor, just before the war, in 1860. Henry Helm's widow married again and had four children: Edward, Mattie, Lulu and Grace, all of whom reside at Stanford, Kentucky. John T. Gano died November 3, 1891, near Lorine, Wyoming, while attending to business in that locality. The evening before his death he spoke of feeling a slight rheuma- tism, and remarked that he was glad that he was so near through his business and that he would leave for home the next day. The next morning he went out to look at a ranch for which he was negotiating a trade, and while riding to take the train to Laramie he was heard to say,"Catch me: I am surely fainting." The team was stopped and the sick man was tenderly lifted out by his anxious companion, but the gentle, loving spirit had fled to the God lie had so faithfully served during his stay on this earth. His trunk was found packed by the hands, then hardly cold. What thoughts he had indulged in as he laid the articles in that his hands were never to touch again! Loving relatives unpacked that trunk and many were the bitter tears shed over it. His remains were brought home and are now reposing in the cemetery- here. His com- plaint, heart failure, had been aggravated by the high latitude. The memory of his many acts of Christian kindness serve as a requiem to the indulgent father, the true and lovinor husband, kind neighbor and Christian gentle- man. In all the business enterprises that Mr. Gano was engaged in he was one of the most successful business men of the entire city. So genial and kind was he in disposition that he had the good will of all with whom he ever had dealings. He was a most estimable and worthy Christian whose influence was always felt in support of the educational, financial, social and moral interests of the city. He and his wife had three children. Rich- ard M., Jr., Emma and John T. ^. =rr fUjRS. ISABELLA SCOTT, who resides fM on Highland street, two blocks north -'rt^^ of Payne street, Dallas, is a native of Scotland. Her parents, Alexander and Ann (Lobben) Patterson, live in Banffshire, and her father is a farmer. Of their eight chil- dren she is the oldest and the only one in this country. Mrs. Scott came from Edinburgh, Scotland via New York, to Dallas, Texas, in 1878, to be married to Thomas McLeod, their marri- age occuring soon after her arrival. Mr. Mc- Leod, a son of George and Jessie (McKenzie) McLeod, natives of the highlands of Scot- land, came from that country to this soon after the war of the States, making the journey by way of New York and Mexico. Until 1883 Mr. and Mrs. McLeod resided on North Harwood street, where Daniel Mor- gan now lives. Mr. McLeod was a stone BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 871 contractor, and in 1880 purchased a stone quarry, consisting of two acres of land. This he operated until the time of his death. For the past two years nothing has been done to it. Stone from this quarry is to be found in most of the principal buildings in Dallas, the first taken from it having been used in the Norton building. Mr. McLeod died in 1887, leaving two children — George Alexander, born in 1879, and John Duncan, in 1882. He was a most worthy citizen, a member of the Masonic order, and of the First Presby- terian Church of Dallas. In June, 1890, the subject of our sketch was united in marriage with her present com- panion, Thomas Duncan Scott, a business man of Dallas, also a native of Scotland. His father is a wine merchant of Perth. He came here from Perthshire about five years ago, coming by Kew York and thence South. He first stopped in Lampasas, then went to Austin, and from there came to Dallas, where he has since been engaged in business. Mrs. Scott is a member of the First Pres- byterian Church. aLLlAM E. AND WALTEU R. AT- ['I WOOD are among the most prosper- I'^^^l^ ous dairy farmers of Dallas county, Texas. They have a three-acre tract of land adjoining the corporation line of the city of Dallas, in a locality almost unrivaled in this naturally favored region. Here they have built up a business second to none in their line. They have 100 cows and the capacity of the dairy is about 140 gallons of milk daily, chiefly consumed in Dallas. They have managed this place for about nine years, giving their undivided attention to their busi- ness. Both young and hardy, full of energy and pluck, they may be classed among the successful business men of the county. Jesse L. Atwood, father of these gentle- men, came from near Bowling Green, Ken- tucky, to Dallas county in 1881, his sons having preceded him to this place by two years, they coming in 1879. Jesse L. At- wood married Susan Anderson, of Bowlino- Green, Kentucky, and has a family of ten children, as follows: William E. and Walter R., whose names head this sketch, are the oldest members of this family. The former married Fannie Brunson, of Kentucky, and has one child, Lizzie. Mary, the third-born, is the wife of John R. Davidson and has seven children. Then there are John H., Samuel J., Maggie, Sallie (wife of Scott Mc- Farland), Jesse L., Jr., Sampson and Elijah. All reside in Dallas county. The Atwood family worship at the Baptist church, and are ranked among the most worthy people in this county. It should be further stated that Mrs. Jesse L. Atwood is a daughter of Samuel and Eliz- abeth Anderson. She has three sisters and one brother, viz.: Mary, wife of Elijah Spill- man, who came to this county in 1835. She has three children: Alida, wife of Frank Bowser, also of this county, has two children, Mary E., wife of William A. Watson, has two children; and Warner E., who married Jennie Badgley, has two children, and resides in Dallas. Mr. Watson is also a resident of this county. R. W. C. CULLOM, of Mesquite, Texas, was born in Tennessee in 1843, a son ot G. F. and Cynthia (Hooper) Cullom, natives of North Carolina and Tennessee respectively. The father came with his father to Texas when only six years of age, and 873 EI8T0RT OP DALLAS COUNTY. here he subsequently became a fanner. The parents reared a family of eleven children, our subject being the ninth in order of birth, and eight are still living: J. W. is a min- ister of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in Texas; J. H., a physician of this State; E. M., a merchant at Nashville, Tennessee; Cather- ine, the wife of J. O. Hooper; Jennie, the wife of T. W. Taylor; Florence, the wife of J. E. Russell, of Tennessee; another is the wife of Sam Larkius. The daughters all reside in Tennessee. The father died in 1879, and the mother in 1888, at the ages of seventy-two and seventy seven years respectively. The mother was a member of the Methodist Epis- copal Church. The subject of this sketch received his literary education in Davidson county, Ten- nessee, and at the age of twenty-four years commenced life independent of his father. He had three brothers in the Confederate army during the war, who persuaded the Doctor to remain at home with his father, which he did. The father remained neutral and was never molested, and lost but little by either army. At the age of twenty-seven years, our subject entered the Medical De- partment of the university at Nashville — which is now known as the Vanderbilt Uni- versity, in 1871, and graduated in the class of 1872. He afterward located at Dixon, Tennessee, where he practiced six years, and in January, 1878, came to this State and lo- cated at Haught's Store, the oldest-settled place in the county. The original owner, Samuel Haught, sawed the tirst plank for flooring a house in Dallas county, using a whipsaw. Dr. Cullom practiced there six years and then came to this place, where he has a large and paying practice. He suc- ceeded beyond his expectations financially, and is now the owner of valuable city prop- erty and considerable real estate in the county. The Doctor has been three times married, first in 1874, to Miss Sarah Flanavy, of Ten- nessee, who died in 1875. In 1878 the Doctor was married to a native of Tennessee, and they had one child. Mrs. Cullom died in 1882, and in 1883 the Doctor was united in marriage to Miss Louella Sewell, a daugh- ter of Jesse A. Sewell, of this county, and they have three children: Emmett B., Nannie G. and Fannie. Dr. Cullom is a member of the A. F. & A. M., Scyene Lodge, No. 295, also of the K. of H., Mesquite Lodge, No. 2,996. He is J. W. of the Masonic Lodge and Treasurer of the K. of H. jEV. WILLIAM C. YOUNG, one of I the early pioneer ministers of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, in Dallas, Texas, came to this section from Columbia county, Arkansas, in August, 1863, and two years later removed his family thither. Dallas at that time was a town of some 600 or 700 inhabitants, and the entire business was confined to the public square. The church of which he became pastor was organized in 1852, with eleven members, and from that time to the close of the Civil war the congregation worshiped in the court- house. It was by his efforts thut the first church building of the Methodist Episcopal Church South was erected in Dallas, being a frame building of ample proportions, erected on the corner of Lamar and Commerce streets, and dedicated November 1, 1868, and called the Laraar Street Church. A few years later, in October, 1879, the church building was destroyed by fire, and the congregation which had grown rapidly in numbers built a hand- some brick church, at the cost of $40,000, at HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNT T. 873 the corner of Commerce and Prather streets. Mr. Yunrg was pastor of this congregation two years, was Presiding Elder of Dallas district four years, and filled for six years the same position in the adjoining districts, which districts included the cities of Corsi- cana, Weatherford, Fort Worth, Sherman, and Gainesville. He traveled over hisdistricts before the days of railroads by private con- veyance, and made as many as 7,000 miles per annum. He was born in Trigg county, Kentucky, August 7, 1827, being one of four children born to Daniel F. and Marilla Young {iiee liigrain), natives of Kentucky. The paternal grandfather was a South Carolinian, who took part in the Revolutionary war, and afterward settled in Kentucky, and died near Canton, in that State. The maternal grandfather was the first settler at Ingram Shoals, Kentucky, on the Cumberland river, and his death oc- curred at that place. Daniel F. Young was a tanner by trade, and about 1829 removed to Saint Helena parish, Louisiana, and in 1833 to Port Gibson, Mississippi, and died, and was buried at Brandywine Springs, near that place. His wife, Marilla (Ingram) Young, the mother of the subject of this sketch, died in 1878, was buried at Dallas, Texas, in the Masonic cemetery. Marilla street of Dallas has been named in her honor. Rev. W. C. Young was partially reared in Mississippi and Louisiana, but the most of his elementary education was obtained in Trigg county, Kentucky. He was strictly self-educated, iiaving lost his father when only six years of age, his mother having been left in straitened circumstances. As the years went on, he, by hard study and close application to business, arose from poverty to affluence, and from comparative obscurity to distinction in his profession. It has been justly said of him tiiat " he is a man of clear head, sound judgment, discriminating mind, independent thought, persevering energy, and superior talents." Mr. Young entered the ministry January 28, 1849, near Paducah. Kentucky; was for two years a local preacher, and for three years a member of the Memphis Conference. In November, 1853, he moved to Little Rock, Arkansas, and had charge of the first Meth- odist Episcopal Church South of that city, for one year. He then resided successively in "Washington, Camden, Magnolia and Co- lumbia of the same State, going in 1851 to Bastrop, Louisiana. The following year he went to Monroe, Louisiana, then in 1863 was appointed in charge of Moreau street church. New Orleans, and in 1864 to Baton Rouge, Louisiana. In 1865 Mr. Young was ap- pointed Missionary Chaplain for the Arkan- sas Confederate Cavalry, and for some time was in the field. He was mustered out of the service in General W. L. Cabell's com- mand at close of the war, the same year, at Wildcat Bluff, Texas. He soon after came to Dallas, and immediately became identified with church work here, continuing until November, 1883, when he was put on the re- tired list. He has since that time devoted some attention to real estate, realizing some handsome profits on investments. He was married near Camden, Arkansas, October 16, 1857, to Miss Mary S. C. Pipkin, a native of Alabama, a daughter of Rev. John F. and Caroline Pipkin. Mr. Pipkin was a native of South Carolina. When a child his parents moved successively to Georgia, Ala- bama, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Beaumont, Texas, in 1849. While a resident of the latter place he served three terms as County Judge of Jefferson county, and at the time of his death, October 28, 1890, at the age of eighty- 874 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. one years, was filling that position. Judge Pipkin was also identified with the local ministerial work of the Methodist Episcopal Church South for fifty-four years. In all his relations he was true and faithful. The wife of his young manhood died in 1842. She was a native of South Carolina. In his wife Mr. Young ever found a true and faithful companion, " a help-meet" in- deed, one who shared with him all the priva- tions and toils of their pioneer life, bearing her part of the burden with unflinching for- titude. She is a lady of cultivated mind, re- finement of manner, tine personal appear- ance, combined with rare graces of character, and lias been a zealous and efficient laborer in church work. Mr. Young and wife are the parents of the following living children: Lula, wife of J. K. Tillman, late an official of the Texas & Pacific railroad system; John M., Surveyor of Dallas county, who, though a young man, has already acquired distinction in his pro- fession, as well as a reputation of splendid personal character and moral worth. He was for some time Assistant City Engineer, and i.s a member of tiie fraternity of the A. F. & A. M., having been Master of his lodge in 1890. The three younger children are Lena, now in the fresh bloom of young womanhood; Louisa M., whose marriage to James T. Jen- kins, a rising young business man of Dallas, was recently solemnized; and William C, Jr., now about twelve years of age. Mr. Young is a member of the fraternity of Freemasons, and has been Worshipful Master of live different Masonic lodges, and is now Past High Priest of Dallas Chapter, No. 47. Pie is Past Eminent Commander of Dallas Commandery, No. 6, and for four years was Grand Visitor of the Grand Royal Arch Chapter of Texas, and is Past Grand Prelate of the Grand Commandery of the State; is also Past Grand of Dallas Lodee, I. O. O. F. As a Mason he, in the words of a co-worker in the order, "is recognized as the highest type of the gentleman and scholar, a true and worthy exponent in hia life and conduct of the sublime principles of the venerable order. He exemplifles the secret work in its purity, and dispenses instruction in a style attractive in its simplicity, convinc- ing in its eloquence, and thrilling in its sublimity." It has been written of him, " No one is better qualiiied than he is to pre- sent the simple grandeur of the capitulary degrees in all the wisdom of their construc- tion, the truth of their traditional loi'e, and the beauty of their tenets." It has gone into the history of the order in Texas, that " to him the Masons of many localities are in- debted for all the true Masonic light they en- joy; and the example he affords has been the means of raising the order in the scale of holy and profane public opinion. He is a Christian gentleman, possessed of those quali- ties which constitute man a noble being, and to say that he is the father of intelligent and satisfactory chapter, council and commandery Masonry in this State would not be amiss." When he entered the field as an itinerant lecturer, the esoteric ritual of Masonry, es- pecially in the cryptic work, in consequence of the ravages of the Civil war, had been almost completely lost to tlie order, and it was through his faithful labors that the work was restored. In early manhood. Mr. Young read the entire course of text-books in the curriculuin of allopathic medicine. He also afterward read the Napoleonic code of civil law and text books of the common law, but he never entered the practice of either of these pro- fessions, choosine rather to devote his life niSTOEY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 875 to the woi"k, principally, of the Christian ministry. As an educator he has now some distinction, having been at the head of three different institutions of learning: the Mag- nolia Female Institute, the Columbia High School at Point Chicot, and the Concord High School at Eudora, — all in the State of Arkansas. Mr. Young has always taken quite an inter- est in the ])olitics of his country, and votes with the Democratic party. He was District Clerk of Columbia county, Arkansas, in 1858- '59, and of Dallas county, Texas, in 1867-'68, and was considered a competent official; and for three terms has been Alderman of the Fourth ward of the city of Dallas. He is one of the few remaining pioneers of Dallas, and it may be said of him that his life has all along been one of usefulness. He was secretary of the Little Rock Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, for one year; of the Louisiana Conference one year; of the North Texas Conference five years; and of the Northwest Texas Confer- ence one year. As Secretary, he won the highest approval bestowed upon any of the conference secretaries, at the quadrennial inspection of Annual Conference journals, held at the General Conference of his church, in Memphis, Tennessee, in 1870, this ap- proval being pronounced upon his work be- cause of the perspicuity of his chirography, accuracy of forms, and neatness of his records. He has been an untiring worker for the cause of Christianity, and his efforts have been rewarded with great success. In the pulpit, as an expositor of the tenets of his church, he was considered, in the meridian of his ministerial career, the peer of any man in the country. In the chair, as an execu- tive officer in the councils of his church, he is said to have had no superior. He is blessed with a robust constitution, and is a man of fine intellectual endowments indeed. He may be said to possess a versatility of genius that is much above the average. He has always displayed indomitable energy in the pursuit of duty in all the positions of honor and trust to which he has been called, his rare qualifications of mind and body fitting him well for usefulness in his day and gener- ation. EORGE L. DOYLE, a retired merchant of Dallas, Texas, was born in Chicago, February 22, 1851. His parents, Lawrence and Margaret (Maxey) Doyle, both natives of Ireland, were married in Chicago. The former was exiled from the Emerald Isle during the insurrection in 1798. He first landed in Virginia, thence went to Kentucky, and from there to Chicago. By trade he was a ship-bnilder and carpenter. He helped to build one of the first houses in that city, where the Sherman House row stands, and in that primitive structure his son, George L., was born. The father died in 1857. The mother subsequently married Richard Powers, who died in 1859. She is still living, now being a resident of Spring- field, Illinois. Of her seven children, the subject of our sketch is the only soa. Five of the family are still living. In 1861 young Doyle enlisted as a fifer in the ninety days' service, and at the end of that time re-enlisted for three years in the United States army. He was with the forces that operated in the Southwest, participated in a number of important engagements, being with Grant at Corinth, and continued in the service until May 28, 1866. At Lexington he was wounded in the center of the forehead by a piece of shell which knocked him sense- 876 HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. leas and caused liiiu to remain so for three days. The wound then received he will carry to his grave. He also received a musket ball over the left eye, which ball he still carries. At Lexington he was taken prisoner, but was paroled and sent hoine. On the whole, he stood the service well. The war over, our young friend directed his steps toward the West, and from 1866 to 1870 was engaged in prospecting and mining in Colorado and Wyoming Territory, being very siiccessful. In 1870 he came to Texas. The work of building railroads was at that time being pushed forward here, and he at once identified himself with it. He helped to build the first railroad into Dallas, havino- a portion of the contract for grading. Then he went to Palestine and did some of the heaviest work on the road between Crawford and Palestine, on the Great Northern Railroad. Locating in Dallas in 1871, he engaged in the grain business in the fall of that year, continuing the same till February, 1890. He is probably the oldest grain merchant in Texas. At the time he began business here much of the grain was hauled to him in wagons, often for a distance of 200 miles or more. He has handled as high as 10,000 bushels a day. Mr. Doyle is a man of natural business ability, and in this enterprise met with marked success. In the ci'owth and development of this city he has been an im- portant factor. To him belongs the distinc- tion of having built the tirst race track in Dallas. Mr. Doyle was married, September 20, 1875, to Miss Maggie Gilroy, daughter of Stephen II. and Celia Gilroy, both natives of Ireland. Iler parents were married in Ire- land, and of their thirteen children seven are now living. Mr. and Mrs. Gilroy came from Kansas City, Missouri, to Dallas in 1871, and are now residents of San Antonio, his age being eighty-three and hers sixty-five. Mr. Gilroy has been identified with the stock interests of Texas ever since he came to the State. He is an old Government contractor, being now the oldest freighter alive on the road. Mr. and Mrs. Doyle have one child, Rosa Valen- tine, now entering her sixteenth year. She is a pupil at the Episcopal College, has de- veloped marked talent for music and drawing, and her amiable disposition and winning ways have endeared her not only to her fond parents but also to her teachers and school- mates and to all who know her. Mr. Doyle attributes much of his success in life to the connsel and companionship of his devoted wife and loving daughter. ^ ^m ^ ^ L. McLAURIN, M. D., physician and surgeon, is a native of Mississippi, * being born in Rankin county, that State, August 13, 1861. His parents were Hugh C. and Harriet (Lane) McLaurin, the former a native of South Carolina, the latter of Mississippi. Mr. McLaurin, Sr., was a prominent physician and surgeon of Missis- sippi. He was a graduate of the literary course in the schools of Charleston, South Carolina, a like course at Hanover College, Indiana, and graduated from the University of Pennsylvania. He was a son of one of the old Scotch Presbyters and Elders of the Pres- byterian Church, and he himself was an Elder in the same. His parents, Daniel and Cath- erine (Colqnhoun), McLaurin were natives of Palquidder, Scotland. The former held the chair of Professor of Mathematics at the University of Edinburg. Our subject's father was a man of great business ability and he acquired a great many negroes and other prop- ^rm>>- /f %^\ Zt^ HI8T0RT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 877 erty, but all this was lost during the war. He was sixty-seven when he died, in 1880, as he was born in September, 1813. He had an immense practice, being called in consultation from all parts of the country. He practiced for over forty years, servinjr in the war as a surgeon. He was prominent in politics and educational matters and was a devout church member. His wife is a daughter of. Judge Robert Lane, of Mississippi. She is a mem- ber of the Presbyterian Church. Her family is one of the old Southern families of Missis- sippi, and she shows her good blood. She is in good health and lives with her son, our subject. Our subject is the second in a family of live children, namely: Judge Lauch McLau- rin, the oldest, a successful Judge and attor- ney of this county, also Judge in Mississippi; Sallie has charge of a chair of art in the Mis- sissippi Industrial and Art College, a State art college of Mississippi. She is a ripe scholar, is one of the original faculty of that school, and has held her present position four years; Robert, an attorney at Rolling Fork, Mississippi, where he has a large practice; and Luella, who died at the age of twenty- three. The Doctor graduated at the University of Mississippi at the age of nineteen, in 1881, in the literary course. He studied medicine under his father and attended the Medical College at the University of Louisiana, from which he graduated in 1884. The next year he was made Assistant Surgeon of the Mis- sissippi State Hospital at Vicksburg, which position he held one year, then resigned and can:(e to Ds^llas, Texas, in 1886. Since tlien J;e has built up an excellent practice here. He is surgeon for the Santa Fe Railroad and for a number of insurance companies, is Vice- Prpsident of the Dallas County Medical As- 57 sociation and has been Secretary of the same. He is also a member of the State Medical Association. Dr. McLaurin was married April 23, 1890, to Miss Katie Gano, daughter of General R. M. Gano, of whom we have a history else- where in this volume. Mrs. McLaurin is a graduate of Hamilton College, Lexington, Kentucky. Slie is a cultivated lady and dis- plays considerable talent in the direction of painting, music and dancing. They have one child, John Gano, a bright, promising babe. The Doctor is a member of the Knights of Pythias. He is a well-read man in his pro- fescion, has a veA' large practice for so young a man and is well liked, and his opinion is respected in all severe cases. Mr. McLaurin is a member of the Presby- terian Church, while his wife is a member of the Christian Church. These two are among the most popular young people of Dallas and have a host of friends. fUDGE JAMES MARTIN PATTER- SON, the pioneer merchant of Dallas, Texas, was born on his father's farm, four miles from Lexington, Kentucky, on the i Georgetown road, on July 31, 1812. His father, Francis Patterson, emigrated when a mere boy, with his sister and two half brothers and some twenty other families, from Pennsylvania to Kentucky, about the year 1780, floating down the Alleghany and Ohio rivers in a boat of their own construc- tion, carrying with them their horses, cattle, and farming implements, and landing at the mouth of Bear Grass creek, where now stands the city of Louisville. Thence, proceeding to the interior, their tirst year was spent in 878 HISTOBT OF DALLAS COUNTY. the foi't at Boonesborough. Tn 1806 he mar- ried Mary Ann Martin, who emigrated witli her brother from North Carolina to Kentucky, clearing the aforesaid farm, on which Judge Patterson was born, in what is now Fayette county, where they continued to reside until 1815, when they removed to Warren county and settled near Bowling Green, Kentucky. Five children were the resulted of this union, all of whom have passed away except the sub- ject of his biographical sketch. Judge Fatterson, after having received such education as the schools of that time af- forded, learned the trade of a millwright, and in February, 1846, he can^e to Texas, and settled on the Trinity river at Dallas, then a settlement of five or six families living in as many cabins on the bank of the river, now a flourishing city of 50,000 inhabitants. In May the same year, he, with J. W. Smith, embarked in the mercantile business, buying their goods at Shreveport and transporting them on. wagons drawn by oxen to Dallas, a distance of 200 miles. They did business for five years under the firm name of Smith & Patterson, at the expiration of which time, J. N. Smith, a brother of J. W. Smith, became associated with them, and the new firm, under the name of J. W. Smith & Co., continued to do a thriving business until 1854. It was during this period, in 1851, that the first cotton crop was grown in Dallas county, and, in the winter of 1851-'52 this firm built a flat-boat seventy-five feet long, loaded it with cotton and hides and started it down the river in charge of Adam C. Haught, master, in March 1852, which 'was the first attempt to navigate the Trinity river from Dallas. Judge Patterson was married October 5, 1848, on Farmers' branch in Dallas county, to Miss Sarah Elizabeth Self, who had, when a child, emigrated from Warsaw, Kentucky, with her mother and stepfather, Win. Bowles, a Baptist minister, and their family. She was born March 5, 1833, and came to Texas in 1845. Eleven children have been born of this marriage, of whom four daughters and two sons survive, all grown and settled in life. In 1854 he was elected Chief Justice of Dallas county, which office he held tiirough several successive terms, until the close of the war in 1865. Having invested most of his means in personal property, all of which was swept from him by the results of the war, it became necessary for iiim to begin life anew. Returning to his first occupation, he pur- chased a steam saw and flouring mill on White Rock creek, four miles from Dallas, and en- gaged in the business of milling, which he conducted successfully for four years; then returning to Dallas he again engaged in the mercantile business with his friend. Captain James Thomas. In 1876, Captain Thomas having died, Judge Patterson retired from business and has since devoted his time and energy to tiie development and improvement of his mag- nificent real estate in the city of Dallas. Our worthy subject has been a member of the Masonic fraternity for forty years, and a communicant of the Episcopal Church for thirty years. In politics he was an old-line Whig, but since the dissolution of that party he has voted with the Democratic party. The .Judge's success in life is due to in- defatigable energy and unremitting persever- ance. Strictly honest, his word has ever been confided in by all who knew him. He is a man of genial, courteous manner, a typical representative of the Southern gentleman of the old school. Having relegated the active duties of life to his worthy sons, Judge Patterson is passing the evening of life in HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 879 that tranquillity and repose vouchsafed to those whose lives have not been spent in vain, still cheered by the presence of the devoted wife whose willing hands and cheer- ful disposition have done so much to make attractive the home, dear alike to each, and surrounded by his dutiful children and grandchildren, eight in number, ever ready to listen with due consideration to any suggestion, or, with alacrity, to gratify any wish he may express. ^ON. JOHN W. DANIEL, who is pleas- antly situated on his farm fourteen miles south of Dallas, is classed among the prosperous and representative citizens of Dallas county. He was born in Spottsylvania county, Vir- ginia, December 31, 1830, son of William H. and Ada (Cunningham) Daniel. He was born on the old homestead his great-grand- father had owned and which was at that time in the possession of his father. William H. Daniel was born and reared at the same place, the only son of his parents, and there he passed his life and died, his death occurring when the subject of our sketch was only a few years old. He had four childrei], three sons and one daughter. The oldest son, Os- car, died, leaving two children, qne of whom is also deceased. The surviving one, Scott Daniel, was left to the care of his uncle, John W., and is now residing with him John W. was the secoqd-born of his father's children. The third-born is Martha, who is now the widow of William Wright, and lives in Oglethorpe county, Georgia. The fourth, Williau] H., died in Austin, Texas, leaving live childrpn to the care of his brother, John W. Of these, three are married and all are pf 3gp and live in Texas. John W. Daniel was reared on a farm. Some time after the death of his father, his mother was married to Kindred Jacks. Her marriage occurred when the subject of our sketch was nine years old, atid the family moved to Wilkes county, Georgia, where he remained until he reached his majority. When he was fifteen, his step-father died, so the responsibility of his mother's plantation fell largely on him, and in the management of it he displayed much judgment and skill for one of his years. He continued in charge of the place until 1852, when he drew out his part of his father's estate and bought a plantation of his own. In 1854 he sold his interests in Georgia, to Peter Norther, father of the present Governor of that State, and came to Texas. While a resident of Georgia, Mr. Daniel was married to Miss Mary Beeman, a native of that State and a daughter of Samuel and Fannie (Combs) Beeman, natives of New York and Georgia respectively. Her father was a brother of the noted Is'athan S. S. Beeman of New York city. Mr. Daniel and his wife became the parents of two children, namely: Annie, who married George David- son, died in Montgomery county, Texas, in 1884; and Fannie is the wife of W. D, Wooten, and lives in Kaufman county, Texas. Landing in Texas in October, 1854, Mr. Daniel settled in Smith county, where he bought two sections of wild land and at once began the work of improving a farm and making a home. Hewing loifs and making clapboards was the order of preparing timber for erecting houses, sawmills being almost unknown in the State. He remained in Smith county, operating his farm, until 1861, when he enlisted in Colonel Speight's command. With his company he was afterward ordered to Millican, Texas, where, with several com- 880 HISTORY OP DALLAS VOUNTT. panics, Colonel Speight organized the Fif- teenth Infiintry. Tp to this time Mr. Daniel had been Captain of one of the companies, and when the Fifteenth Infantry was organized he WHS elected Major. The regiment was ordered from here to Arkansas, where they remained for some time, thence to Indian Territory, where tliey spent the winter of lSG2-'63. They were then ordered to join General Taylor in Lonisiana, where they par- ticipated in" tlie raids of 1863-64. In 1864 Colonel Speio;ht resigned his ofiice, and soon afterward Mr. Daniel was made Colonel of the regiment, lie had had the responsibility of the office more or less from the organiza- tion of the regiment, eontinning as Colonel until the snrrender in 1S05. lie then returned to his despoiled liome in Smith county, and set about repairing the damages of the war. Finding it unpleasant as well as unprofitable to work hired help, he sold his farm and came to Dallas county, buying tlie property on which he now lives. This land was then wild, with the exception of fifteen acres, and as the result of his well- directed efforts it is now one of the best- kept farms in the county. He is a great admirer of fine stock and keeps some of the best grades of hogs and cattle. Mr. Daniel is a member ©f the Masonic fraternity, being a charter member of the chapter at Lancaster. IVditically he is a De- mocrat. Twice he has been elected to the State Legislature, both times discharging the duties of that important position in a man- ner that reflected much credit on himself and his constituents. He introduced and urn-ed many important measures, and his work saved to the State, in one term of ofiice alone, over §100,000. lie was special agent of the Land Office in Washington during Cleve- land's administration, serving nearly four years, and being located at Watertown, Da- kota. He was Superintendent of the State Penitentiary, under (Tovernor Ireland, one year, all his public service being characterized by strict fidelity and giving entire satisfac- tion. He is a man who has the confidence and respect of all who know him. He has many warm personal friends throughout the United States, and especially among the leading men of his own State. ^ 4©'> ^ frnmARY ANN MARTIN.— The parents j.)/"f of this lady, William and Euphemia ■"^^y^ Rawlins, were natives of North Caro- lina. They emigrated to Illinois at an early day, where they lived until 1846, and where, in Greene county, January 10, 1832, the sub- ject of our sketch was born. In 1846 the family came to Texas, landing in Dallas county October 6, in company with eleven other families. They headi-ighted a section of land on Ten-mile creek, fourteen miles south of where the city of Dallas now stands, where the parents livod till death. Their family consisted of seven children, of whom Mrs. Martin is the only surviving one. July 12, 1855, she was united in marriage with Samuel Martin, a native of Coles county, Illinois, and a son of Joel and Elizabeth Mar- tin. He came to Texas about a year pre- vious to his marriage, and ai'ter tliat event occurred they settled near Dallas, where they lived till after his return from the war in 1865. Four years ho was in the Confederate service, during which time Mrs. Martin re- mained at home, livincr with her brother-in- law, H. M. Rawlins. After his return home they bought a farm near Lancaster, and re- mained there two years. Selling out again, they purchased the property on which Mrs. \ HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 881 Martin now lives. Here Mr. Martin lived and enjoyed life with the companion of his choice till January 11, 1880. At his death he left a widow with two children, William R. and James Edward. William R. married Miss Sallie E. Roherts, and now resides in the Indian Territory, near Colbert. James E. still lives with his mother, caring for her in her declining years. She is a member of the old Rawlins Christian Church, one of the oldest churches in the county. ^LIJAH P. BROOKS was born in Jack- ie son county, Tennessee, November 8, 1820, and is a son of James and Eliza- beth (Yates) Brooks. His fatlier was born in Stokes county, North Carolina, and his mother near Caswell Courthouse, same State. When a young man, James Brooks went with his father, Matthew Brooks, from Stokes county, North Carolina, to Tennessee, and settled near Eaton Station, in Davidson county, across the river from where Nashville now stands, the country at that time being in- fested with Indians. A few years afterward a company of the settlers made a raft and crossed the river. Finding there a much better site for a town, they set about im- proving the land on which now is located the flourishing city of Nasliville. The leader in erecting the raft and crossing the river was named Nash, and the new town was given his name, and it stands to-day a living monu- ment to him. James Brooks was reared on the farm, and followed agricultural pursuits all tlirough life. His father l)ought what was known as the Winchester headright, which was donated to General Winchester by the Government. Since its purchase by Matthew Brooks it has been known as Brooks' Bend. It was there James Brooks was mar- ried to Mrs. Elizabeth Yates. Following is the issue from their union: Aggie, wife of James Hudson, died in 1861, leaving two children, Elizabetli and James; Elijah P., the subject of this sketch; William, who married Mrs. Mary E. Lovette, died in 1863, leaving one child; and James M., who is now a resident of Illinois, has his second wife and a family of three cliildren. Elijah P. lived with his father until the latter's death in 1848. In the spring of 1851 his mother sold out her possessions in Tennessee and moved to Adams county, Illi- nois, where she bought land on Pigeon creek and lived on it the rest of her days, dying in 1852, of heart trouble. In 1853 Elijah P. Brooks sold his interest in the estate and came to Texas, buying 160 acres of wild land, known as the Holman survey. He at once began the improvement of his property, and has since added to his original purchase, now owning 220 acres of fine, well-improved land, besides a number of town lots in Lan- caster. Mr. Brooks was first married July 30, 1857, to Miss Violet Powers. His second marriage occurred with Mrs. Sarah A. Hicks, September 18, 1870. The latter was a daugh- ter of Burton and Sabra Davis. Burton Davis was a cousin of the late Jefferson Davis. Mr. and Mrs. Brooks had one son, Elijah Davis Brooks. Mr. Brooks was mar- ried to Mrs. Area A. Goodrich, his third and present wife, July 27, 1876. She is a daugh- ter of Caster and Jane (Cobb) Ilosford, and by her former marriage has one child, a daughter, who is now the wife of Joseph Duvail, of Ellis count}', Texas. Mr. Brooks is a genius, being an adept at anything to which he turns his hands. In 1861 he enlisted in (vom])any I, Burford's 883 HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY - regiment, but soon afterward received a com- mission to remain at home and make shoes, which trade he followed in Dallas for two years. Since the war he has devoted most of his time to the farm. He is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church at old Sliiloli, at which place he has held member- ship for a number of years. His wife is a Baptist, and belongs to tiie Red Oak congre- gation. ,E0 WOLFSON, of Dallas, Texas, is prominently identified with many of the interests of this city, being secretary of the Board of Trade, manager of the Dallas Clearing House, Secretary of the Jewish Con- gregation Emanuel, Financial Secretary of Ccfiur De Lion lodge. No. 8, K. of P., Secre- tary of tlie Endowment Bank of K. of P., and Past Chancellor of the K. of P. Lodge and ex- Deputy Grand Chancellor of the same. Mr. Wolfson was born in Campti, Louisi- ana, in 1853, son of Jacob A. and Caroline (Lorcli) Wolfson, natives of Poland and Frankfort-on-the-Rhine respectively. His father came to America in 1884, landed in New York, went to Mexico, and later settled in Vicksburg, Mississippi. When peace was made with the Indians about 1843, he went to the head of navigation on the Red river and traded with the Indians, remaining there till Banks' raid up the Red river in 1864. The late war left him a tinaneial wreck, his house burned, his property destroyed. He had been a merchant of Campti, carrying on extensive business there. He then moved to Natchitoches, Louisiana, and began the study of law, and although he was sixty years of age, more than double the age of any other man in the class, there being thirty-two, he was the third best. He then engaged in the practice of law, subsequently removed with his family to New Orleans, and contiiiued practice there until, on account of declining health, he retired in 1886. His death oc- curred in 1888, aged eighty-two years. He was married in 1838, and leaves a widow and seven children, five of their children havincr died in early childhood. The mother and nearly ail of her family, the youngest being now twenty-five years of age, are living in New Orleans. Soon after he came to Amer- ica, Mr. Wolfson enlisted in the Texan war, was all through tliat struggle, received an honorable discharge, and for services rendered received a land warrant for 640. acres in Van Zandt county, Texas. The subject of this sketch left school when he was thirteen and commenced work at the crockery business, being thus employed live years. Ill health compelled him to seek other lines of work, and he accordingly went to St. Louis and engaged in buying cotton. While in St. Louis he was married, Septem- ber 21, 1876, to Miss Fanny Caston, the ac- complished daughter of H. Caston, of that city. She is related to many of the promi- nent families of St. Louis. After his marriage, Mr. Wolfson returned to the old homestead in Louisana and engaeed in merchandising with his brothers, with whom he remained four years. The Texas fever then brought him to Rockdale, this State, where he embarked in the grocery busi- ness: subsequently lived in Lampasas. Since the fall of 1887 he has been a resident of Dallas and lias been variously occupied. At first he was private secretaiy of Royal A. Ferris, vice-president of the National Exchange Bank; was afterward assistant secretary for the Great Texas State Fair and Dallas Expo- sition; and three years ago was elected secre- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 883 tary of the Board of Trade and manager of the Dallas Clearing House. Mr. "Wolfsoii has traveled extensively and possesses much of that knowledge of people and affairs which is acquired only by contact with the world. Enterprising, public-spirited and generous, he is ranked with the best citi- zens of Dallas. He has had an attractive home, and the presence of his amiable wife and two lovely children — -Lena and Bessie — renders the happiness of that home complete. Q. MURPHREE, of Garland, Dallas county, was born in Yalobusha county, * Mississippi, October 31, 1848, the ninth of twelve children born to his father, S. M. Murphree. The latter was born in east Tennessee, October 4, 1813, and died January 17, 1884, at the age of seventy-one years, three months and thirteen days. In his in- fancy he moved with his parents to Alabama, where he lived until his marriage, in 1830^ to Miss Phoebe Nations, after which he moved to Yalobusha county, Mississippi. He next went to Smith county, Texas, in 1866, where he lived until 1875, when he removed to Van Zandt county, and remained there until his death. Mr. Murphree was a member of the Primitive Baptist Church and a good citizen. His wife died at the home of her son, J. P., in Hamilton county, Texas, at the age of seventy-four years. D. Q. Murphree was eighteen years of age when his father moved to Texas, and he con- tinued to live at home until one year after his marriage, when he moved to Red River, and next to Dallas county. He bought fifty- eight acres of land near Duck creek, but after four years sold this little farm and moved to near Mesquite, where he bought 100 acres, which he farmed twelve years. He has since added to this place until he now owns 500 acres of valuable land. He next lived in Cedar Hill two years, and then moved to Garland, a small town fourteen miles northeast of Dallas. Mr. Murphree was married in Smith county, December 1, 1870, to Miss Elizabeth Florence, a daughter of J. H. Florence, and who died in Cedar Hill. Mr. Murphree has one brother and three sisters living, viz.: J. P., a resident of Hamilton county, Texas; Catharine, wife of R. C. McKenzie, of Van Zandt county; Pauline, wife of John Prescott, of Smith county; and Selina, wife of Henry Montgomery, of Sorden valley. Smith county. f^ S. MILLS, another of the prosperous farmers and representative citizens of * Dallas county, resides on his farm of 230 acres three miles northwest of Lancaster and thirteen miles south of Dallas. Briefly given, a sketch of his life is as follows: J: S. Mills was born in what was then Law- rence district. South Carolina, October 16, 1827; son of Alexander and Nancy (Power) Mills, natives of the same place. His father was reared on a farm and had only such edu- cational advantages as the common schools of his day afforded. He, however, improved his opportunities, gained much general informa- tion by reading, and was always well posted on the topics of the day. He was the father of nine children, all of whom lived to mature years. Of his two daughters, Mary, the older, is deceased, and Martha is the widow of John Perry, and resides in Mississippi. Three of the sons are living. Allen P. owns and resides on what is known as the More-, land Mill property, near Chester, Choctaw 8^4 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. county, Mississippi. Henry lives in the same county and four miles west of bis brother, where be runs a blacksmith shop in connec- tion with bis farm. The subject of onr sketch remained on the farm with his father until he reached bis majority, receiving a common-school educa- tion. In his twenty-third year he began to farm for himself, having previous to this bought and paid for a small farm. He was married in the latter part of 1851, to Miss Mary Hedges, a native of Mississippi and a daughter of James Hedges, the Mills family having moved to Mississippi in 1844. Tiie issue from this union was two children, both dying in infancy, and with the birth of the last one the mother also died. Mr. Mills was married a second time, December 25, 1856, to Catherine Fondron, a native of Chickasaw county, Mississippi, and a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. John R. Fondron. Her parents came from Mississippi to Texas some time in the '40s, and took a headright about fifteen miles southeast of the city of Dallas. Mr. Mills enlisted in the Confederate ser- vice in the spring of 1862, in General Ross' Brigade, Sixth Texas Cavalry, Company F, Captain Rawlins, and was in all the principal engagements east of the Mississippi river. He was with General Jackson until after the fall of Atlanta, and was then under General Forrest in his raid through Tennessee. After the general surrender be returned to his home without having ever received a wound or seen anything of prison life. After the war he took up bis trade, that of blacksmithing, which he had learned in his earlier days, and was thus occupied near Lancaster for seventeen years. He then bouaht the farm on which he now lives and where he is surrounded with all the comforts of life, his present prosperity being the result of his own well directed efforts. By his hon- orable dealings and his upright life he has won the respect and esteem of all who know him. With his friends his word has always been his bond. Politically, he affiliates with the Democratic party. ^^/^^^--^^/^^ B. GROSS, of Mesquite, Dallas county, Texas, was liorn in Tennessee, in 1856, * the fifth in a family of ten children born to G. AV. and Amanda (Wade) Gross, natives of Tennessee and Virginia. The father was one of the pioneer settlers of his section of Tennessee, where he died when our subject was quite yonng. The mother still survives, and resides with her son, A. F. G. B. Gross, our subject, received liis early education in Tennessee, and in 1877 came to this State, where he commenced farming on rented land, on shares. In 1878 be commenced clerking in the store of J. W. Gross, and later for R. S. Ivimbrough, and in both stores clerked about ten years. In 1889 be bought bis brother's business, con- sisting of a large stock of dry goods and drugs, and is now doing a business of 125,000 an- nually. Besides his mercantile interests, he is the owner of two large farms, consisting of 110 acres, which are under a fine state of cultivation. He has good box bouses, fine water, etc. He was married in 1855, to Miss Emma R. Chapman, a native of this State, and daughter of D. G. and N. C. (Coats) Chap- man, old settlers of this county. The father, one of the best known men of the county, has been dead about eight years; the mother still survives. They were the parents of nine children. Mr. and Mrs. Gross have two children, — Ernest and Robert O. The par- HI8T0BT OF DALLAS GOUNTT. 885 ents are ineinbers ot' the Cuinberlaiid Presby- terian Church, and Mr. Gi'oss is a member of the A. F. & A. M., No. 269. He takes great interest in the growth and prosperity of his locality, and is a thoroughgoing busi- ness man. CLINTON JACK is a widely-known and highly respected citizen of Oak Cliff. He is engaged in the tlour and feed business in tliis charming suburb of Dallas, and is also Alderman at large for that place. He was born in Bradley county, Tennessee, on November 6, 1844. His parents were David and Mary Jane (Hall) Jack, both of whom were natives of Cocke county, Ten- nessee. His father was an intelligent farmer, who espoused the cause of the North at the time of the war, serving as a private for a year in the cause of the Union. He was taken prisoner at Cumberland Gap and taken to Richmond, where he languished from November 1, 1862, to January, 1863, when he joined his command at Nashville, Tennes- see. He was also at one time a prisoner in the famous, or infamous, Libby prison. He belonged to the Fifth Army Corps. He Btood the service quite well until he was cap- tured, when the hardships and privations of the Southern prisoners sowed the seeds of disease which eventually caused his death. He died of chronic diarrhea, contracted while in prison, at the age of forty-five years. He was honored and respected by all who knew him for his many noble traits of character. He was honest, sober and upright in his deal- ings with his fellow men, and civil and kind to all, and many warm, personal friends mourned his loss. His wife died in 1879, aged fifty-six years. They were both mem bers of the Baptist Church. They had be- longed to the Methodist Episcopal Church, of which demonination her father, John Wesley Hall, was for years a local minister, but for the last ten years previous to their death had belonged to the Baptist Church. Her father was a well-to-do farmer and an intelligent mechanic. There were seven children: Clinton, our subject; Adaline, widow of G. M. D. Shelton, of Eradley county, Tennessee; Flora, widow of John E. Shelton, brother of G. M. D. Shelton, and both farmers in the same county; Hamilton died in early life; Jane died aged eighteen; Emily, formerly a school-teacher for several years; Florence, wife of Jo. Le Veque, resid- ing on a farm in Arkansas; John H., living in Bradley county, Tennessee. The subject of this sketch was raised on a farm, where he remained until he enlisted in August, 1862, in Company A, Eighth Ten- nessee Volunteers, United States Army. He served until June 30, 1865. He was in the battle and siege of Knoxville, and partici- pated in the Georgia campaign from Buz- zard's Roost to Atlanta. He was skirmish- ing or fighting every day from April 14 to August 6. AVhen in front of Atlanta, he was wounded in the right wrist, which still dis- ables him : his hand is crooked and the ten- dons cut. He was at home during one fur- lough, and met his command at Raleigh, in April, 1865, when the war was closed. He was afterward taken prisoner in Bradley county, Tennessee, and taken from his own home to Charleston, Tennessee, where he was held for two days and tiien dismissed. The order was given by Major Goode, of Georgia. He stood the service very well, but is glad it is all over. After this he went to farming: his father being dead he took his place in chartte of the farm until 1889. He went to Tarrant county, Texas, in February of 1880, 880 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. where he located on a farm, which he sold in 1888. Since 1889 he has been engaged in contracting and doing street work in Oak Cliflf. His many admirable traits of cliar- acter have made him very popnlar, and in the spring election of 1892, he was elected Alder- man, and is now serving his first term. He is also a member of the school board. He was married on September 30, 1866, to Miss Tabitha J. Hooper, daughter of Henry and Mary Hooper, of Bradley county, Tennessee. The have had nine children, of whom live are living: Mary died, aged seven months; Charles H. is a farmer of Tarrant county; Oscar O. is in the Oak Cliff paper mill; Fred H. died, aged three years; Frank L. is in the paper mill; Lillie E. ; Maude T. ; David A. died, aged three years, and one died unnamed. His wife isa member of the Baptist Church. He is a member of the George Thomas Post of Dallas County, No. 6, Knights of Honor, the Knights and Ladies of Honor and the Mystic Circle, and is in politics a liberal Re- publican. His popularity is suflicient guar- antee of his worthy traits of character, but we hasten to contribute our endorsement of evervthinor favorable to this cordial, honest, and honorable, whole-sonled citizen of the magnificent suburb of Oak Cliff. .RCHIBALD B. LANIER.— This ven- erable pioneer dates his arrival in Texas in February, 1846, and during all the years that have elapsed since then he has acted well his part in helping to develop the resources of Dallas county. He at once lo- cated 320 acres of land, the amount allowed a young man, in the southeastern part of the county, and improved the same and lived on it for several years. He then sold out and located on his present property near Haught's Store, never having moved more than once since 1846. Here he bought 433 acres of land, and after his children grew up he divided it among them, retaining only 100 acres for himself. During the early years of his residence here he experienced many of the hardships and privations incident to pio- neer life, and he is loaded with reminiscences sufficient in themselves to make an interest- ing volume of no small proportions. Game of all kind was plenty, and it was no unusual thing for him to kill a bear. The bears were very troublesome, frequently making a raid on his hog pen. His chief difficulty in those days was to secure bread. He had to go sev- eral miles for corn, and had to jrrind it in steel mills or beat it in mortars. For the past twenty-seven years Mr. Lanier has been acting as Postmaster of Haught's Store, for several years has been Justice of the Peace, and is now a Notary Public. During the war he was in the State service, and was de- tailed by the State to furnish the supply of beef at Dallas. Mr. Lanier was born in Sussex county, Virginia, February 3, 1819, son of John and Mary A. (Parker) Lanier. He was the only child his mother had, and she died when he was quite small. The father was born in Sussex county, Virginia, about 1775, and died at about the age of sixty-five years. After the death of his first wife he was mar- ried to Rosa Clements, by whom he had four children : Lucy, wife of Enoch Horton ; Josie, wife of John Horton; and L. C. and O. F. Lanier. Archibald B. Lanier has been married four times. He was first married to Miss Julia Birchfield, in 1849. She was a daughter of Adam Birchfield, a native of Alabama, who HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 887 came to Texas in 1854. The children by liis first marriage are: Lucy A., wife of John Gates; Elizabeth, wife of Samuel Clunn; and John Lanier, the last named dying when quite small. His second union was with Miss Lavina Halford, daughter of William and Margaret (Duvall) Halford. Their oldest child, Sarah F., is now the wife of George W. Cruse. Mrs. Lanier gave birth to three chil- dren at one time, and mother and children all died. P'or his third companion Mr. Lanier wedded Mrs. Letha Williams, a native of » Virginia. His fourth wife was Mrs. M. A. Clunn, and he married her in 1878. She was born in Alabama, a daughter of Henry Berry. By his last two wives Mr. Lanier has had no children. |K. A. P. KEEVEK. physician and sur- geon, was born in Lincoln county. North Carolina, and was reared in Catawba county. The date of his birth was October 22, 1854:. His parents were James and F. C. (Goodson) Keever, both natives of North Carolina, and the father was a mer- chant, miller and farmer, and was well known throughout the Carolinas. He was exempt from serving during the war on account of ill-health. None were more prompt to re- spond to the calls of the country upon them than he, and as he was a good business man had funds at hand to aid financially any en- terprise that arose. He was a devoted mem- ber of the Methodist Episcopal Church for over forty years, and was an officer in the church nearly all of that time. His death occurred September 4, 1888, when he was about sixty years old. His wife died June 2, 1892, aged fifty years, having been a lov- ing and faithful wife, devoted mother and good church member. She and her husband had six children, namely: Martha, wife of W. G. Jarrett, a resident of Indian Territory; Maggie, wife of Rev. C. A. Gault, deceased, now resides with our subject; Mary J., wife of M. A. Boston, residents of Oak Cliff; our subject; Daniel C, married to Clara Jarrett, resident of Hickory, North Carolina; and James H., proprietor of the Alamo Phar- macy, Dallas, Texas. Our subject took a literary course at Rutherford College, North Carolina, and graduated in medicine at the Jefferson Medi- cal College at Philadelphia — class of '81 and '82. He practiced for six or eight years in Lincoln and Catawba counties, North Carolina, with very good success, making a good rec- ord for himself. He changed his residence to Dallas, Texas, in 1888, and there opened an ottice, where he has continued the practice of .his profession ever since. His practice, which is a large and very paying one, is not confined to Dallas, but extends to Oak Cliff also. He numbers some of the best people among his patients, and he has his hands full. The Doctor was married in 1886, to Miss S. Warlick, daughter of Professor Eli War- lick, of Newton, North Carolina. Mrs. Kee- ver has borne her husband three children, who are the pride and joy of the household. Mrs. Keever is a cultured and refined lady and she and her husband are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Dr. Keever is a member of the Fraternal Mystic Circle of Oak Cliff. He is a member of the North Carolina Medical Association, also of Dallas County Medical Association. He is Chief Examiner for Oak Cliff for the Equitable of New York, etc. In public, professional and social affairs the Doctor is well known in this community. 888 HI8T0RT OP DALLAS COUNTY. He has been enterprising in proinotino; the best interests of the city, and lias contributed very liberally to all enterprises tending to inaprove the condition of his fellow citizens. He is a well read man and has a most en- conragincr outlook. ^ IHAKLES R. BROTHERTON. one of the representative and most prosperous farmers of Dallas county, was born on his father's farm near Wheatland, eleven miles southwest of Dallas, December 6, 1851. His parents, Henry K. and Rachel (Melvin) Brotherton, were natives of Ohio. His father was reared in Columbus, that State, where he clerked in a drug store until he was of age. He was married in 1851, to a daughter of Dr. Minor, of Lithopolis, Ohio, and soon thereafter emigrated to Texas, settling near Wheatland. In March, 1869, Mrs. Brother- ton died. Six of the children in the above family are living, and all married. The youngest remains on the old homestead, with whom the father now resides. On settling in Texas the senior Brotherton improved several tracts of land, buying and selling them. A few years after locating Jupon his present farm a violent storm destroyed all his movable property and outbuildings. Mr. C. R. Brotherton, whose name intro- duces this sketch, completed his school days at Mansfield, under Professor Collier. No- vember 25, 1879, he married Miss Josie, daughter of Harvey and Alcena Taylor, natives of Kentucky who came to Texas in 1852, settling first near Wheatland, and two years afterward near Lancaster, where Mr. Taylor still resides. Mr. and Mrs. Brother- ton have one child, named Henry Taylor Brotherton. On Mr. Brotherton's place are to be found all the modern improvements. His residence is beautifully located on an elevated spot, whence one can obtain a full view of the sur- I'ounding country. Mr. Brotherton is a great admirer of tine stock, as evidenced by the selection on his place. He has been a member of the Masonic order for the past thirteen years. ilLLIAM KIMBROUGH, of the mer- catitile firm of Knox & Kimbrouorh, Mesquite, was horn in Missouri, Jan- uary 16, 1862, the son of William and Sarah (Lowery) Kimbrough, natives of Tennessee. The father moved to McDonald county, Mis- souri, in 1860, where he died in 1871. The family consisted of seven children, namely: Mary, the wife of George Hill; Cynthia, now Mrs. George W. Kelly; John D.; William, our subject; Robert G. ; James D. ; Anna, the wife of Mr. Wilson. The subject of this sketch ran away from home at the age of sixteen years, and located in Hunt county, Texas, where he received his education. In his first venture he took a contract for buying a lot of cattle, from which he cleared considerable money, and with this he attended school two years. After leaving school he visited his mother three months, and then returned to this State, settling in Collin county, where he engaged in farming two years. In 1882 he came to this locality and clerked for his brother, R. S. Kimbrough, a short time, and then returned to Collin county, where he engaged in the cattle busi- ness two years. He next went to Hillsboro and worked for Brown &Turretttwo seasons, in the grain and cotton business; then he re- turned to this county and worked for R. S. HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. Kimbrongli three years, and January 16, 1891, he t'orrned liis present business. Mr. Kiinbrough was married in 1887, to Miss Lula Rose, whose parents died when she was sniall. To this marriage has been born two children, — William and Emma C. The mother is a member of the Methodist Church South, and the father of the K. of H. He is a Democrat politically, and takes an active interest in politics. fllOMAS BERNARD, one of the most prosperous citizens of Dallas county, is to be found on his farm of 137^ acres, situated sixteen miles southwestof the city of Dallas. Mr. Bernard was born in Robertson county, Tennessee, October 15, 1825, son of W. S. and Lavertia (Cunningham) Bernard, natives of Virginia and North Carolina respectively. His father owned and operated a farm in Robertson county. During the war of 1812 he served under Old Hickory Jackson, and was with him on his raids against the Indians when the latter were driven west of the Mis- sissippi river. He was in the famous battle of Horse Shoe Bend. To him and his wife fifteen children were born, twelve grew to maturity and eight are still living, scattered over various portions of the United States. Thomas was reared on the farm, and when he was eleven years old he had the misfortune to lose his father. He remained with his mother till he reached his twenty-second year. Soon after the loss of her husband, Mrs. Bernard moved with her family to Adams county, Illinois. In the fall of 1847 the subject of our sketch left his home, and with a caravan of fourteen wagons and four families, accompanied by several young men. set out for Texas, landing in Dallas county, November 5, 1847. The following spring several members of the company — some of them with families — -started to return to Illi- nois by the way of Shreveport, taking a boat at that point. On their way down the Red river the boat took tire, and a number of the party were burned and drowned. Soon after coming here, Mr. Bernard, then a single man, took up a half section on Ten- mile creek, where he now resides. He was married to his first wife. Miss Mary C. Raw- lins, December 24, 1850, she being a native of Iowa and a daughter of William and Nancy (Sharp) Rawlins, who came to Texas from Iowa. Her father was a son of Rodrick Raw- lins, who was among the earliest settlers of this county. Mr. and Mrs. Bernard had three children, two of whom, Henry M. and William E., are married and have families. Henry M. resides in the Indian Territory. William E. married Miss Emma E. McCarty, and now lives on his father's headright. Mr. Bernard was married the second time, March 18, 1862, to Miss Mary Luck, a native of Virginia. Her father was a native of Ger- many, and came to the United States when a young ujan. He married Lucy Garris, and for many years lived in Virginia and followed the trade of blacksmith, a trade he had learned in the old country. He moved to Texas about 1855 or 1856, and settled in Ellis county, where he continued to work at his trade until the time of his death in 1863. In March, 1863, Mr. Bernard enlisted in the Confederate service as a member of Col- onel B. Warren Stone's Second Regiment of Texas Rangers, and was in the service from that time till the general surrender in 1865, He was with the forces that operated along the Mississippi and Red rivers, aiid was in the battle at Manslield, Louisiana, when the 890 HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. Confederates drove General Banks back from his raid up Red river. He was in the charge on the Federal camps at Fort Donelson. He returned home at the close of the war, never having received a wound or having been captured. By his last wife Mr. Bernard has eight children: Mary C, wife of J. L. Caunts, lives in Erath county, Texas; John Thomas, a graduate of the St. Louis College of Phy- sicians and Surgeons, married Miss Stella Sticanka, dau^jhter of William and Lizzie Sticanka of Illinois, and is now a practicing physician; Lucy Frances, wife of L E. Bum- pas and lives in Dallas county; and llutia Jennette, Jesse Virgil, Celeste May, Eva Monenda, — all living. Mr. Bernard is surrounded with all the comforts of life. He and his family' are members of the Christian Clmrch, and occupy honored and useful positions in society. J^HILLIAM. J. RAINEY, special loan Wffifi agent for the Northwestern Mutual l^"cjl^ Life Insurance Company, of Milwau- kee, Wisconsin, is one of the enterprising business men of Dallas, Texas. He was born in Algonac, Michigan, May 1, 1865, and began his business career in Detroit as a fire-insurance agent. Later, he went to Lansing, Michigan, and engaged as agent for S. L. Smith, land-owner and capi- talist, by whom he was employed one year. Then he went tu Baraga, in the upper pen- insula of Michigan, and engaged in the real- estate business; thence to Iron Mountain, Michigan. He was one of the men who got up the boom in that iron-mountain country. He sold 360 acres of lots in the city of Iron Mountain; was there two years. He was next engaged as secretary and treasurer for the Lock-Stave Company, of upper Michigan, plant now located at Dulutli. Subsequently returning to Iron Mountain, he again en- gaged in the real-estate business, and six months later sold his interests there. He has been in the real-estate business in various parts of the country since that time, until recently. At the present writing he is em- ployed by the Northwestern Mutual Life In- surance Company, and by his business push and tact renders himself a valued agent. This company loans money in large amounts on real estate. The assets of the company are over §50,000,000. It has done a lending business for over three years; in that time it has lent over $90,000,000, and now has loans outstanding to the amount of $50,000,- 000. The company buys Guvernment, county and municipal bonds; has bouglit over half a million of Texas bonds since the fall of 1891, and is constantly putting in more money in the State than it takes out. Mr. Kainey is a man of marked business ability, takes a deep interest in city and county affairs, and is progressive and public- spirited. He is popular not only in business circles, but in social circles as well. ^ ^ ,LBERT CARVER, a farmer living in Precinct No. 4, Dallas county, Texas, dates his birth in Illinois, in 1827, he beinof the third of the five children born to George and Sallie (Hoover) Carver, natives of North Carolina. He was reared on a farm and educated in Missouri, to which place his father had moved when Albert was a boy. At the age of twenty-one, young Carver com- menced farming in Newton county, Missouri, and in 1849 he came to Dallas county, Texas, HISTOBT OF DALLAS GOUl^TY. 891 remaining here, however, only nine months. He tlien went bacic to Newton county and made his home there until 1852, returning to Texas in the spring; of that year and settling on the farm on which he now lives. He bought 260 acres, partly prairie, but the most of it timber land, and to his original purchase he has since added forty-seven acres. When he came here in 1849, Dallas contained only two general stores, one hotel and a saloon, the latter being in a rail pen and the others in clapboard buildings. In connection with his farming operations Mr. Carver is also en- gaged in stock-raising, making a specialty of breeding Durham cattle. He was married, in 1852, to Miss Mary Markham, a native of Newton county, Mis- souri, and a daughter of Willison and Eddie (Baker) Markham. Mr. and Mrs. Carver ai'e the parents of iive childien, George, John, James, Thomas and Edward. He and his wife are members of the Chris- tian Church. C. KIMBROUGH, junior member of the firm of Wooten & Kimbrough, * one of the leading law firms of Dal- las, Texas, was born in Roane county, Ten- nessee, December 12, 1861. His parents are William and Rebecca C. (Ellis) Kimbrough, both natives of Tennessee. The father has given attention to agricultural pursuits all his life, first in Tennessee and later in Texas. He came to the latter State in 1868, but, owing to Indian troubles, re- turned to Tennessee. He remained there until 1875, when he came back to Texas and has since been an honored resident here. He is engaged in farming on an extensive scale, and stock-raising as well. He owns over 1,000 acres of productive land, some 700 acres of which are under cultivation and well adapted for corn, cotton, oats, grass, and in fact any kind of produce that can be grown in this latitude. Mr. Kimbrough is a pro- gressive farmer and. is keenly alive to the best farming interests. He is well known in his portion of the State, and is highly re- spected as an honest and worthy citizen, such as gives character to a community. He and his wife have for many years been devoted members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, in which he has long been an officer. He is now sixty-eigbt, and his wife fifty-five years of age. They are the parents of three children, one daughter and two sons. Katie, their daughter, is the wife of N. B. Laughlin, and has two children. They reside in Santa Fe, New Mexico, where Mr. Laughlin is en- gaged in the practice of law, being an attor- ney of more than ordinary qualifications. He served one term as Attorney-General of the Territory, under the appointment of Rresi- dent Cleveland, and gave a high degree of satisfaction. Joseph E. Kimbrough married Eunice Ferris. He is a lawyer of Denton county, Texas. W. C. Kimbrough was educated in the University of Texas, at Austin, receiving his diploma therefrom with the class of 1888. After leaving college he at once established himself in practice at Dallas, since which time he has been engaged in his profession here. Mr. Kimbrough is a young man of pleasing address and of well poised intellect and busi- ness tact. He is a thorough student, believes in keeping up with the pace of advancement, and has a promising future before hiin. A fluent speaker and writer, he exerts an influ- ence on those around him, and it is -with pleasure we note this influence is ever directed 893 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. in a right channel. Articles from his facile pen are fouud in many of the newspapers and magazines. Mr. Kimbrough is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and the Ma- sonic order, and in politics is an enthusiastic Democrat. ^AXIME GDILLOT, deceased, was born in Angers, France, December *^#^ 10, 1824, and on the 20th of Decem- ber, 1849, he bade farewell to the scenes of his boyhood and youth and emigrated to the United States, arriving in the city of New Orleans on the Ist of February, 1850, without a cent. He was possessed of any amount of pluck and enterprise, and, being an accom- plished artisan, it was not long l)8fore he se- cured employment with a Mr. Smith on Canal street, where his thorough skill as a workman enabled him to command a remu- nerative salary. Tiie yellow fever breaking out a short time afterward, Mr. (iruillot left the city of New Orleans with a few friends and went to Shreveport, where, hearing exciting frontier stories, he e.xperienced a longing to view the scenes that had impressed him so forcibly. He and two companions walked about three miles into the country to the residence of a French gentleman, an oM settler, received permission of him to cut down a few sassafras trees from which they improvised a rude cart in the construction of which not one particle of iron appeared. They purchased an old horse and set out for Denton county, Texas. This cart afterwards sold at Fort Worth for $10. Being unable to speak English Mr. Guillot found great difficulty in overcoming the many obstacles that were constantly ap- pearing in his way, and this fact induced him to leave Benton county and locate at Fort Worth, which he did in the summer of 1850. There he met with Major Arnold, one of the most accomplisiied gentlemen and popular officers serving the Government in this sec tion of the State. The Major spoke the French language, and, desiring to employ a wagon maker for the Government, engao-ed Mr. Gnillot at a salary of $20 per month. But in consideration of the extraordinary ser- vices he was able to render his salary was in- creased to $40 per month. Wiien the troops were removed from Fort Worth Mr. Guillot left the employ of the Government and came to Dallas, where he embarked in business on his own account, keeping his shop in the streets. He was not long in building up a good business and had customers seeking him from a distance of 350 miles. In 1853 he returned to France and was married to Mademoiselle Prouard. a sister of one of the gentlemen who bore hiin company when he first entered Texas. He remained in France one year and then returned to tiie United States, bringing witii him four experienced workmen. His plans soon took shape and in a short time he established the first manu- facturing enterprise of any kind in northern Texas. His success was almost phenomenal and large profits came to reward him. In 1856 Mrs. Guillot died, leaving as a tnemento a little boy. Mr. Guillot continued business and was very successful. In 1859 he married Miss Mary Mullen, who bore him several children. Mr. Guillot entered the Confederate army, but being a workman of great skill was as- signed to duty as an artisan, superintending the manufacture of the wag-ons that were turned out at Lancaster, Texas. After the war he resumed his manufacturincr business, which he carried on for four years, and then ,r^.- /^-^;?&-c^^C^^^-^ r ' ( HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 893 retired from active life to enjoy the fruits of his labor. His death occurred in Dallas, October 23, 1889, and was the occasion of universal sorrow, for all felt what it was to lose such a man. His widow and children now reside in Dallas, Texas. ^. ^0> ^ D. ST ROTH ER, proprietor of the ^ Union Depot Hotel, was born in Saline \® county, Missouri, in 1854, the fourth of six children born to Isaac and Susan (Gaines) Strother, natives of Kentucky. The parents were married in their native State, and iti an early day moved to Saline county, Missouri, where the father engaged in farm- ing and merchandising. PHs death occurred in Topeka, Kansas, in 1860, and the mother afterward moved to Warren county, Ken- tucky, where she died in February, 1885. Of their six children, three still survive: John W., a resident of Kentucky; R. D., our subject; and Isaac N., a Baptist minister of Nashville, Tennessee. The subject of this sketch, R. D. Strother, was reared principally in Warren county, Kentucky, and was educated in the district schools of that county. He commenced life for himself as a newsboy on the Louisville & INashville railroad, and in this way assisted in supporting his mother and family for two years. He was then appointed as general news agent at Sherman, Texas, by the South- ern News Company at Louisville, Kentucky, and was also publisher of the Southern Rail- way Guide. In 1881 Mr. Strother engaged in the hotel business at Dallas, and is now proprietor of the Union Depot Hotel. Po- litically, he is identified with the Democratic party, and socially, is a member of Dallas Lodge, No. 941, K. of H. He has made S8 what he has by his own efforts, has dealt some in real estate, and now owns consider- able residence property in the city of Dallas. He was married in Louisville, Kentucky, in 1879, to Miss Mary C. Kamp, a native of Hardin county, Kentucky, and a daughter of William H. and Ellen Kamp, also natives of Kentucky. The father, a merchant of Bards- town, Kentucky, died in that city many years ago, and the mother still resides in her native State. Mr. and Mrs. Strother have no chil- dren of their own, but are rearing and edu- cating their niece, Susan Crabb, who is now attending school at Sherman, Texas. Mr. Strother hari witnessed the substantial growth of Dallas, and has always taken an active part in everything for the good of the city and county. He is an active worker for the Democratic party, and his influence is felt in every election. He has been a dele- gate to the Floatorial, Senatorial, Congres- sional and Gubernatorial cotiventions, was recently a Clark delegate to the noted Guber^ natorial convention at Houston. Mr. Strother's friends are numbered by his acquaintances, and he is well known to be one of the most generous and charita])le of men. ILLIAM DORAN, Dallas, Texas.— The trade in provisions is undoubt- edly one of the most important of the industries of Dallas, and a review of this city's interests would be manifestly incom- plete without passing mention of the popular and prosperous beef packing-house of the Dallas Packing Company, which was organ, ized and incorporated in 1800. Their plant consists of a four-story brick building cover- ing an area of 262 feet, fronting on Elm street and extendins back 120 feet. This 894 BI8T0BY OP DALLAS COUNTY. was built at a cost of $78,000, and the machinery $75,000, tlie entire plant costing §175,000. Tliis comjiany is just placing an artesian well, the largest in the country, at a cost of §4,000. The capacity of the plant is 500 cattle and 1,000 each day of ten hours. The plant is now running on one-half capacity, and on the pay roll are from seventy-five to 100 men, principally skilled workmen. This plant incorporated J. S. Armstrong president, William Doran secretary and treasurer, and F. H. Doran general manager. The latter sold his interest to the original stockholders, who expect by 1892 to double the capacity of the plant. William Doran was born in Ireland in 1847, and it is a recognized fact that among those who have made their home in this county, the men of foreign birth have contributed their full share toward its development and prosperity. Mr. Doran was the fifth in order of birth of ten children born to Hugh and Eliza (Eulett) Doran, natives of tlie Emerald Isle. The elder Doran came to America in 1849, settled on a farm in Lake county, Ohio, and there his death occurred in 1884. The mother is still living and resides on the old homestead in Lake county. Until fifteen years of age William Doran remained in Lake county, but after that he went to New York city and there learned the marble-cutter's trade, following this for about twelve years in Ohio and New York State. He was married in Lake county, Ohio, in 1875, to Miss Cynthia Hine, a native of that county, the daughter of Homer H. and Juli- ette (Pue) Hine, the father a native of Young- town, Ohio, and the mother of Harrodsburg, Kentucky. Mr. and Mrs. Hine were married in the Buckeye State and were pioneers of Lake county, that State. The Hine family were originally from Connecticut, but mem- bers of the family came from Ohio when that State belonged to the Western Reserve. Mr. Hine was a inan of education, an attorney of prominence, and was also a successful agri- culturist. He and wife now reside in Paines- ville, Ohio. The year of his marriage Mr. Doran came to Dallas, Texas, and he has been directly in- terested with the business interests of the city for sixteen years. He first engaged in the stock business, buying, feeding and ship- ping, until he embarked in tbe packing busi- ness, which brings him in big returns. He has seen the rapid growth of the city of Dal- las and has ever taken a deep interest in all enterprises for the good of the same. He is not active in politics but votes with the Re- publican party. To his marriage were born the following children: Homer, Eliza, Jessie (died in 1883 at the age of three years), Esther (died in 1887, when five years of age), William, Robert Clarence and Cynthia, de- ceased. fOEL B. COOLIDGE.— This gentleman is a son of Aaron Coolidge,who was born in Massachusetts April 4, 1793. From his native State the father moved with his parents to Maine when a young man, and was there united in marriage with Polly Bigelow, a native of Worcester, Massachusetts, and a daughter of Joel and Mary Bigelow, also na- tives of that State. Aaron Coolidge con- tinned to farm in Oxford county, Maine, till 1859, at which time he moved to Illinois and settled in Winnebago county. There he re- mained till his death, which occurred in 1879. His wife died in 1890. To them were born eight children, as follows: Sampson A., born December 8, 1818, died October 18, 1874; Mary J., born February 29, 1820, wife HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 895 of George H. Mariner, resides in La Crosse, Wisconsin; Joel 13.; Cyrus B., born June 19, 1824, died October 3, 1845; Martha B., born August 20, 1826, wife of Monroe Palmer, resides in La Crosse, Wisconsin; Liberty and Freedom, twins, born May 12, 1830, the for- mer being a resident of Haven, Iowa, and the latter having died August 11, 1890; and Ann M., born October 1, 1884, wife of Lorenzo Bradford. Mr. Coolidge's paternal grandfather was Joseph Coolidge, a native of Watertown, Massachusetts. He served as Lieutenant in the Revolutionary war. The paternal grand- mother was Mary (Adams) Coolidge, a sister of John Quincy Adams. Joel B. Coolidcre was born in O.xford county, Maine, December 27, 1821, and there resided until he was twenty-one years of age. At that time he went to Boston, Massachu- setts, and for three years and a half was there employed in a hardware store; thence to Hallowell, on the Kennebec river, where he was engaged in the general merchandise business two years; and thence to Mason county, Illinois, continuing there the mer- cantile business two years. He then began farming in Winnebago county, Illinois, and remained there until 1S76, when he caiqe to Texas and located where he now lives. In 1849 he was married to Mary White, a daughter of Woodson and Nancy White, sketches of whom appears in this work. To Mr. and Mrs. Coolidge h^ve been born eleven children, viz.: Cyrus, born November 14, 1850, died in 1880; John R., December 18, 1852, died October 23, 1854; Mary L., born March 13, 1853, died May 26, 1858; John R., born March 13, 1857, died October 13, 1859, W. v., born March 19, 1859, is now a merchant of Lancaster, Texas; William L., bqrn ^^uly 1, 1861, died September 20, 1880; J. Monroe, born February 15, 1863, is a mem- ber of the firm of W. P. Coolidge &: Co., Mary E., born February 23, 1865, is the wife of Hooper Haynes, of Fisher county, Texas; an infant, the twin of Mary E., died Novem- ber 28, 1865; J. B., born May 29, 1866, is a member of the firm of W. P. Coolidge & Co.; and Alice May, born October 25, 1869, is now at home. At the age of twenty years Mr. Coolidge began life for himself with a capital of twenty-tive cents. He is now in good cir- cumstances, having a competency for his declining years. In politics he is a Demo- crat. The family, excepting himself, are members of the Baptist Church, ^ANSEN MADSEN is the proprietor of the Dallas ipills located on East Main street. He was born in Denmark, De- cember 7, 1847, second of three children to Madsen Peterman and Anna K. (Larsdar- ter) Petersen, both natives of Denmark. The father w^s shoemaker and farmer and was well and favorably known throughout the community in whicii he lived. After the death of his wife in June, 1872, he survived her until December 17, 1890, dying at the age of seventy-six years. Hansen Madsen, the subject of this sketch, attended school in his native land until he reached the age of fourteen years, when he was put to work on the farm where he as- sited his father until he attained his twenty- tifth year. Notwithstanding all these years he so quietly spent in assisting his father he was of an adventurous disposition and finding the mother country too unenterprising to suit his tastes, he decided to try his fortune in America. He went to the city of Copenhagen 8!t6 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. in 1873 and took passage for the United States and landed in New York city a few weeks later. He immediately started for the west and stopped at Sheffield, Illinois, where he obtained employment as a farm hand. At the end of one year he came to Dallas and found himself almost without means, but eagerly embraced all and any opportunities in the way of work and after a time succeeded in renting a farm, which he conducted for oue year, after which followed a very eventful and changeable life. He worked in the wood camps and at teaming on the different rail- roads, taking contracts wherever he could make it pay, and although was a hard and rough experience it taught him self-respect and to rely upon his own resources in every emergency. On December 16, 1884, he was united in marriage to Miss Emma Gilliam, the daughter of Judge Gilliam, of Mexico, Missouri, who was well known throughout that State. He was at one time master of a Mississippi river steamboat, making regular trips to the upper river country. He was elected Judge of the County Court, an office he filled for one term, and he was also County Treasurer one term. The union of Mr. and Mrs. Madsen proved to be very happy one, for Mrs. Madsen proved in every respect a help-mate to her husband, and her advice, when acted upon, always proved to be sound and very advantageous. In 1884 Mr. Madsen conceived the idea of erecting a mill for the manufacture of feed, but having no capital with which to procure the necessary machinery, lie made arrange- nnents with a millwright to build a small mill in partnership with him, and this was in time equipped with a small engine and feed-grind- ing machinery, which was afterward utilized to manufacture oat-meal also. A short time after the completion of the mill Mr. Madsen's partner died, and he was left anything but master of the situation; but, nothing daunted, he set to work to better his knowledge of the business and to improve his facilities, and by perseverance and experimenting, he soon ac- quired a practical knowledge of the calling. In course of time he procured a larger engine and thereby increased his capacity. Up to this time he had been doing his delivering by hand, his want of the necessary funds pre- venting the purchase of a horse and wagon, but after some time he was successful in ob- taining an old horse and wagon for delivery purposes, and this greatly lightened his la- bors and the mill at once began to pay a small profit. He then took another partner, but in a short time discovered that the busi- ness was not increasing; so he purchased this partr\er's interest, and, with the assistance of his worthy wife and one man, succeeded in successfully operating the mill. Many were the difficulties he encountered, but in time he found that his manufacturing cipacity was too small, and he disposed of his establisii- nient, which was located at 1617 Elm street, and moved to more commodious quarters, purchasing a convenient tract of land; upon this he erected the mill which he now owns. Its capacity has been increased from 60 to 250 bushels per day, and the machin- ery is of the best make and is run by a forty- horse-power engine, the whole plant being now valued at $10,000. Mr. Madsen can well be called one of the busy and usuful men of Dallas, for in tlie midst of many difficul- ties he established himself in business and has built up a useful enterprise. He has a son, Charley R. who was born September 6, 1885. He and his wife hold membership in the Congregational Church of East Dallas, and in politics he is neutral. It is safe to say that he is always found on HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 897 the right side of any question pertaining to the advancement and welfare of the city, and in all matters he endeavors to follow the teachings of the Golden Rule. -*J*^ fOHN HASH, a farmer residing two miles west of Lancaster, was born in Green county, Kentucky, September 25, 1818, and was reared in Sangamon county, near Springfield, Illinois, whither his parents had moved when he was young. The latter removed from that county to Lawrence, then to Berry county, Missouri, in 1837, where they afterward died. The father, Philip Hash, was a native of Kentucky, a sou of a pioneer of that State, and of German descent. He served in the war of 1812, and also in the Black Hawk war; was an old frontiersman and a true patriot. Our sub- ject's mother, 7166 Sarah JSantz, was a daugh- ter of Zachariah Nantz. She was a native of Virginia, but was reared in Kentucky, where her parents had moved when she was young. Mr. and Mrs. Hash had twelve children, eight boys and four girls, but only five are now living. John Hash, our subject, accompanied his parents to Missouri when nineteen years of age, and after reaching maturity he began farming for himself, and was engaged in that occupation at the opening of the Civil war. His sympathies were with the Confederacy, and in the spring of 1861 he enlisted in Company F, Burns' regiment, under General Price, and was with that distinguished leader in all his operations in Missouri, Kansas and Arkansas, except his last expedition into Missouri, during which time Mr. Hash was on detached service under Colonel Rains. He came to Texas in 1863, during his terra of service in the army, bringing his family and what property was spared, but did not settle here permanently until the war closed. He bought the farm on which he now lives in 1866, locating there at that time. Mr. Hash was married in January, 1839, to Millie Elkins, a native of Lawrence county, Mis- souri, and they had five children, only three of whom survive: Martha, the wife of L. B. Whaley, of Dallas county: James P. and Guilford, both also of this county. The wife and mother died in 1851, and Mr. Hash was again married, in 1852, to Mrs. Martha Par- rott, and a daughter of Spencer Turrentine. The latter was of Irish descent, and for many years a citizen of Shelbyville, Tennessee, where Mrs. Hash was born. By her former marriage Mrs. Hash had four children: Sarah, the wife of Caswell Wier, of Indian Terri- tory; Mary E., now Mrs. Benjamin Bowman, of Illinois; William, of Mount Vernon, Missouri; and Victor, of Bell county, Texas. Mr. and Mrs. Hash have had three children: Abraham P., Alfred T. and Jane. The latter is the wife of Dr. E. C. Stuart, of Lancaster. Mr. Hash has a pleasant home, and the latch-string hangs out to all alike, and the best of entertainment awaits those who make his house their temporary abiding place. fHOMAS S. RAMSBY, a successful farmer of Dallas county, was born at Logansport, in what was then called Nacogdoches, now Shelby, county, Texas, Jan- uary 8, 1828, of Scotch and French extrac- tion. His father, Zenor Ramsby, was born in Rapelli parish, Louisiana, where he was also reared and educated. He came to Texas in 1820, taking up his residence at Logansport, where he remained until the revolt of Texas 898 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. in 1834. He then took his family back to LouisiMiia for safety, but returned with them in 1855, settling in Nacogdoches county Toward the close of his life Mr. Ramsby re- turned to the State of his birth, where, in De Soto parish, near Keatchie, he died, in 1882, at the age of about eighty years. Our subject's mother, nee Carmalite Palbadeau, was born in Louisiana, and died in De Soto pariah, Louisiana, in 1886, at the age of eighty-four years. Mr. and Mrs. Ramsby bad twelve children, as follows: York, who served in the Mexican war, and died several years afterward in Louisiana; Salina, who became the wife of Martin Watkins, and when last heard from three years ago was living in Nacogdoches county, this State; Alexander, who died in the latter county, leaving a family; Troy, who was killed in Ellis county, Texas, in a personal difKculty; Delilah, who became the wife of A. J. Briley, of Nacogdoches, where she died some years ago; Thomas S., our subject; Eli, deceased, when young; Arsanne, deceased, was the wife of James Phillips, of Louisiana; Mary Jane, who died at the age of eighteen years; Constant, deceased in infancy; Cecilia, who died before marriage; and Mitchell, who when last heard from lived in Caddo parish, Louisiana. Thomas S., the subject of this sketch, was reared on a farm in Louisiana, and came to Texas with his parents in 1855, making his first stop in Nacogdoches county. In 1856 he entered the United States service as a ranger, enlisting in Captain Watt Norman's company, Colonel Bailey's regiment, and was on the frontier two years, mostly in what is now Young county, this State. He returned to Nacogdoches county after the expiration of his year and a half of service, and remained in that county about one year, after which he returned to Louisiana. In 1858 he came again to Texas, taking up his residence on the north line of Ellis county, and the next year he settled on the place where he now lives, about three miles south of the village of Lancaster. Mr. Ramsby's purchase con- sisted of 320 acres, only forty acres of which was then under cultivation, and the only im- provements was a small log house. He has now nearly 100 acres in cultivation, comfort- able buildings, and all needed conveniences. He has resided here for thirty-one years, during which time he has been engaged in farming, leading the plain and unpretentious life of his calling. He was married May 4, 1859, to Mrs. Martha Angeline Smith, a widow of Patrick P. Smith, and a daughter of Thomas M. Ellis, whose history will be found in the sketch of Thomas M. Ellis. Mr. and Mrs. Ramsby have never had any children, but Mrs. Ramsby has four by her former mar- riage, — William P. and Thomas, deceased; and John F. and Mary Lou, the latter the wife of James M. Bachelor, and both reside near the old homestead. HILIVER P. BOWSER, real-estate dealer at Dallas, was born in Mont- gomery county, Ohio, March 21, 1842. His parents, David and Mary (Bookwalter) Bowser, were also natives of the Buckeye State. The father was a farmer of a high de- gree of taste, a public-spirited citizen, hon- est and upright, and well and favorably known. He died in 1882, aged seventy-two Years, a member of the Christian Church, as is also his wife, now aged seventy-eight years, and residing in Dallas county, where the family settled in 1856. Mr. Bowser moved HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 899 from Ohio to Shelby county, Illinois, in 1849> and thence to Texas. Of their ten children five are still livinjj;. Mr. Bowser, whose name heads this sketch, the fourth-born in the above family, followed farming until 1867, and then merchandising until 1885, in Dallas county, and then began business in real-estate, brokerage and invest- ments, which he has continued to the present time. He has been a resident of Dallas since 1877, and here lie has been connected with all the enterprises of the city, being public- spirited. He was married August 1(5, 1867, to Miss Jennie E. Murray, daughter of Prof. "W. E. Murray, deceased, of Missouri, who was a noted educator of that State. Mr. and Mrs. Bowser have one child, David Watt. Mr. Bowser is a member of the Christian Church, and is an active worker in religious matters and a leader in the Sunday-school. In politics he takes a lively interest in behalf of the Democracy. fREDERICK C. POLVOGT, a business man of Dallas, being a partner in the firm of F. W. Pellenz «& Co., at the corner of Poydras and Commerce streets, was born in Galveston county, Texas, July 29, 1867, a son of Frederick William and Eliz- abeth Polvogt, natives of Germany, the father of Beiderfeld and tlie mother of Saxony; and they were married about 1850. The father, a baker by trade, conducted a business of his own in Galveston, where he lived until his death. He came from Germany in 1844, and settled at Galveston in 1866. For a time he was cook on a boat, and for three years he was a sailor in the United States navy, serving his time of enlistment during the late war. He was a member of the Catholic Church, while his wifewasa member of the Lutheran Church. He died in 1867, with the yellow fever, which all the family had, but fatal only with him. Of his eight sons and three daugiiters three are living: Louisa Clara Pellenz, who is re- ferred to in the sketch of F. W. Pellenz, in this work, and Willamena, wife of W. H. Boyd, resides in Galveston and has three children living: Frederick, Catherine Eliz- abetli and Willie H. The mother is still liv- ing, at the age of sixty-four years, an honored resident of Galveston, where she has lived for the past twenty-six years. Mr. Polvogt, whose name introduces this sketch, has been eminently successful in business, being an excellent, skilled work- man. He operated in Galveston a slioj-t time, then in Dallas, coming here in June, 1887. The firm of which he is a member probably do as much as any other in the city. Mr. Polvogt was married June 5, 1889, to Miss Mary Wilson, a daughter of Pauline Wilson of Galveston, who has three sons and two daughters, all in Galveston excepting Mary. Mr. and Mrs. Polvogt have two chil- dren, Clara Henrietta and Mary Pauline. Mrs. Wilson is a member of the Catholic Church. LBERT STANDLEY, a successful farm- er of Dallas county, is a sou of Ramey and Luciiida (Amick) Standley. The father was a native of Tennessee, but was reared principally in Missouri, to which State his parents had moved at an early date. Mr. Standley came to Texas in 1852, settling near Farmers' Branch, Dallas county, where he bought 420 acres of prairie and timber land. He cultivated 200 acres of this tract, flOO HISTORY OP DAI.LA8 COUNTY. erected good buildings, and remained there until liis deatli, which occurred in Austin county, while there in search of health. He died in 1868, at the age of sixty-live years. Our subject's mother was a daughter of David and Bettie Amick, both natives of North Carolina. They moved to Missouri at an early date, settling in Howard county, where Mrs. Standley was born and reared. She died at the old homestead in Dallas county, in 1855, at the age of forty years. Mr. and Mrs. Standley were members of the Christian Church, and both are buried in the cemetery at Farmers' iiranch. They had the follow- ing children: David, who died at Hempstead, Austin county, this State, in 1867, leaving a family; Wiliam Harrison, who died in this county in February, 1890, also leaving a fam- ily; Albert, our subject; Lizzie, who be- came tiie wife of James Thompson, of Rock- wall county, this State, and is now deceased; Alvin, who died at Boggs Depot, while in the Confederate service; and Enoch, a resi- dent of Jack county, this State. Albert, our subject, was born in Howard county, Missouri, May 10, 1852, but was reared tu farm life in Dallas county, Texas. In 1861 he enlisted in the Confederate army, in Captain Witt's Company, Colonel Dar- nell's Regiment, and served one year in Ar- kansas and three years in Louisiana. He took part in the battles of Prairie Grove, Pleasant Hill, Mansfield, Yellow Bayou, Milliken's Bend, etc. He served as a private from the time of his enlistment until the sur- render, and was discharged at Houston, in June, 1865. After the close of the war Mr. Standley settled down to farm life, and now owns a fine place of 100 acres, lying on the west side of Elm fork of the Trinity river, sixty- five acres of which is in cultivation. He has neat and comfortable buildings, and the farm is one of the most desirable places in the county. Mr. Standley was married in August, 1867, to Cassle Riggs, a daughter of Stephen Riggs, then of Denton county, this State. They had three children: Charles, Susan and Lucinda. Charles and Lucinda both died when young, and Susan is now the wife of Walter Ward, of Alabama. Mr. Standley lost his lirst wife by death, and he was again married, October 12, 1877, to Mrs. Susan Caroline Grace, widow of Squire Grace, of Denton county, Texas. Mrs. Standley was born and reared in Jefferson county, Missouri, but came to Texas in 1859, where her former husband died, in Denton county, in 1876. Mr. and Mrs. Standley have had no children, but have adopted two: Cambo Crawford aud Isaac Thomas, to whom they are much devoted. Mr. and Mrs. Standley are members of the Baptist Church at Farmers' Branch. fACOB METZGER, a prosperous dairy farmer of Dallas county, Texas, was born in Switzerland in 1855. He came from his native land to Quebec, Canada, in 1873, and after remaining in that country two years came in 1875 to Dallas county, Texas. His father, Joseph Metzger, is a farmer in Swit- zerland. His mother, whose maiden name was Anna Erne, died many years ago. They had a family of six children, namely: Carl, Mary, Joseph, Pauline, Elizabeth and Jacob, mostly all married and settled in life, and all in Switzerland except the subject of this sketch and his brother, Joseph. The latter is supposed to be in this country. Jacob Metzger was married, in Dallas, in 1878, to Bertha Thofern, of this place. They have five children: William, Lena, David, Bertha and Carl. HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 901 When Mr. Metzcrer tirst came to Texas he was employed at farm work for three years. The following two years he cultivated rented land on Duck creek. Tlien he bought land there which he subsequently sold and invested the proceeds in 167 acres of land on Duck creek, in Precinct ^o. 3. This he farmed for ten years. At the end of that time he came to his present location, leased the prop- erty, started a dairy, and here he has been successfully conductincr the same for the past three years. He has about 100 head of cat- tle for dairy purposes, chiefly Holsteins and Durhams; also keeps two Holstein males. Mrs. Metzger is a member of the Presby- terian Church. Of her family we record that August Thofern, her father, is deceased. Her mother, Louise (Rotiing) Thofern, is still living. The father was born in Prussia, Germany, and was brought to this country in infancy. He and his wife came from Moniteau county, Missouri, to Texas; he was a farmer all his life. Their family con- sisted of si,x children: Bertha, wife of the subject of this sketch; Carrie, who married Thomas Tinsley, of Dallas; and Henry, Louisa and Gussie. jEV. CHARLES N. RIGGAN, the pres- ent pastor of the Second Methodist Epis- copal Church South, Dallas, was born of English and French parentage, in Monroe county, Mississippi, December 10, 1856. His grandparents on both sides were long-lived, honorable and substantial citizens of the same county. His early training came in the field in the dark days following the war of 1861- '65. This brought a developed muscle and power of endurance rather than a cultivated mind. At the age of eighteen he threw down the plow handles to take up the pencil, and, after eight years of struggle with pov- erty, graduated in the literary course at the University of Mississippi, with credit to him- self and the institution. During his four years' stay at the university he was never before the faculty as a court of correction. His talents were more marked in polemic and oratorical than other lines. He was awarded two first medals for elocution and one for essay writing. Dr. H. R. Withers granted him license to preach at Hope, Ar- kansas, in October, 1884. In January, 1885, he went as a supply to Caledonia station, Missouri, and the next year to Eden chapel (now Mt. Auburn), St. Louis. At Conference time he came to Texas, and has since been in the regular itinerancy in the North Texas Conference, except last year, when he taught Latin, logic, rhetoric and mental and moral philosophy in the North Texas Female College at Sherman, Texas, and was Chaplain to the school. On July 7, 1886, at Brookhaven, Missis- sippi, Mr. Riggan was joined by Bishop Gal- loway, in marriage to Miss Helen E., the beautiful and accomplished daughter of Mrs. Sallieand Dr. W. Y. Gadberry of Yazoo City, Mississippi. Dr. Gadberry was a leader in his profession, having been lecturer on sur- gery in the Louisville Medical College, Super- intendent of army and State hospitals, head- quarters at Oxford, Mississippi, and First Vice-President of the American Medical As- sociation. Two beautiful and promising children have blessed their union: Bernie Helen, five years, and William H., two years old. Floyd Street Church, located at Cautegral aud Floyd streets, is a beautiful building of modern st^'le, with a seating capacity, when well arranged, of 900. It is within a block 903 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. of the geographical center of Dallas, in a re- sidence section. It is accessible to more homes convenient to no other church than any other Protestant American white church in the city. sAVID FRANKLIN CAMERON, a farmer and etoclv- raiser, Dallas, Texas, needs no introduction to the people of Dallas county, for he is one of the oldest and most esteemed pioneers of the same, having been a resident since eight years of age. He was originally from Missouri, his birth oc- curring in Jackson county of tliat State, July 9, 1836, and he was the son of David and Susan (Wilburn) Cameron; the father is a native of Virginia, born in 1806 and the mother of Tennessee, born 1812. Both par- ents were of Scotch-Irish descent. The elder Cameron moved to Missouri at a very early day and assisted in building the first house in Independence. He was married there and followed farming until 1844, when he came to Texas. The family at that time consisted of six chiklren. Mr. Cameron made the jour- ney from Missouri to Texas with ox teams and was six weeks in making the jounrey. He took up a headright of 640 acres at Eagle Ford, but afterward purchased 480 acres where his son David F. now resides. Here he followed agricultural pursuits and stock-raising, for which he found a market at New Orleans and Kansas. In 1857 he took a herd of cattle to Pike's Peak and disposed of them quite profitably. To Mr. and Mrs. Cameron were born ten children, nine of whom lived to be grown and seven still sur- vive. They are named in the order of their births as follows: Nancy, deceased; Chris- topher C, deceased; David F. ; Sarah A.; Ed- ward W. ; Deborah, deceased ; Thomas H., born in Texas; Rachel, born in the Lone Star State and died when six years of age; Aaron A. and John Henry. Mr. Cameron served as Justice of the Peace for many years and was one of the foremost citizens of the county. He and his wife were exemplary members of the Baptist Church. She died January 20, 1880, and he followed her to the grave January 29, 1887, after a long, useful and successfu life. He accumulated in this county 2,100 acres and other property. Mr. Cameron, whose name heads this sketch, was but eight years of age when his education was obtained by attending school three months in the year and walking a distance of five or si.x miles. Thus it may be seen that his advantages were not of the best. When ten years of age he began driving a six yoke ox team, breaking prairie, and while he was yet a boy his father gave him an oppor- tunity to accumulate stock, so that when he was grown he had a large herd of cattle. On the 22d of March, 1862, he enlisted in the Nineteenth Texas Cavalry, and served in Missouri, Arkansas and Louisiana. He par- ticipated in Bank's raid on Red river, also on grand raid and served on scouting expeditions. During the latter part of the war he was de- tailed for duty in the Quartermaster Depart- ment and while serving in that capacity the war closed. On the 3d of October, 1867, he was united in marriage to Miss Lazane Pilclier, a native of Cass county, Missouri, and the daughter of Enos and Margaret (Miller) Pilclier, natives of North Carolina and Kentucky respectively. Mrs. Cameron was left fatherlesss when two years of age and in 1854 the family came to Texas, settling in Dallas county, where the mother and children now reside. Since his marriage Mr. Cameron has been engaged in farming in Dallas county, where he owns 675 HISTORr OF DALLAS COUNTY. 90» acres in bigh state of cultivation. He is one of the substantial and progressive men of tbe county and by bis good judgment and ex- cellent management has accumulated a com- fortable competency. His marriage resulted in the birth of two children: Emily, wife of W. B. Price of Grier county; and Deborah J., wife of Dr. W. D. Evans of Oak Clitf. Mr. and Mrs. Cameron have adopted a boy, David Ilogers, whom they took when an infant. Socially Mr. Cameron is a Mason and politi- cally he advocates the principles of Democ- racy. |LEMENT LETOT, a farmer, merchant ir, and stock-raiser residing eight miles W^' north of the city of Dallas, was born in the Province of L'You, France, October 22, 1835, a son of Sylvan and Colombe Letot, natives of the same place. The father, a farmer by occupation, came to America in 1857, accompanied by his wife and two daughters, and settled in La Salle county, Illinois. He served seven years in the reg- ular army in France, and four years in the late war in this country, as a member of Battery No. 24, which went out from La Salle county. He died on his farm in that county in 1881, at the age of seventy-five years. Mrs. Letot is still living on the old homestead in La Salle county. Our subject's sisters, Pauline, wife of Leon Hay, and Catherine, wife of Martin D'Veore, also re- side in that county. The subject of this sketch was reared in his native place, where he learned tiie trade of a machinist. He served in the French army for three years, from 1856 to 1860, was in the Crimean war, where he was a machin- ist on a large ship, spending most of the time during that war on the Black Sea. He came to America at the expiration of his term of service, his father's family having preceded him to this country by three years, and made his first stop at Chicago, where he worked at his trade. Three years later he went to La Salle county, where he purchased a farm of 640 acres of land lying on Fox river, about twelve miles north of Ottawa, the county seat. He had one of the finest farms in the county, but in December, 1876, he sold out and came to Texas, settling in Dallas county. He first bought 640 acres of land, to which he has since added until he now owns 1,200 acres, 900 acres of which is cultivated and well improved. He has a handsome two-story frame house, which cost $4,000, barns and outliuildings, and also a gin, which he runs during the ginning sea- son. Mr. Letot has a store on his farm, which he has been running since 1879, and wliich is stocked with general merchandise. He was married in La Salle county, Illi- nois, in May, 1861, to Nathle, a daughter of Martin Barnard, a native of that county. Mr. and Mrs. Letot have had the following chil- dren: David, who resides on his place ad- joining his father's; Eugenia, wife of M. K. Williamson, of Birmingham, Alabama; Eliza, wife of John Worley, of Weatherford, Texas; Oliver; Mattie; and May, at home. ^. ^ I^ERMANN R. NEWMAN, farmer, was born May 28, 1836, in Tuscaloosa county, Alabama, son of Thomas New- man, who was born in Georgia, in 1798, and was a small boy when his father moved to the State of Mississippi. His father was a soldier in the war of 1812. After the war he went to Mississippi, where he married Miss Mary Sparks, who was born in Mary- 904 HI8T0RT OF DALLAS COUNTY. land and died at the age of forty-five years. Mr. Newman then moved to Tennessee, when Herman R. was but a very young boy. He brought up six chikh-en, namely: Harvey; Bird C, who went to California at an early day and has not since been heard from; Her- mann R., our subject; Eliza, tlie wife of Daniel Herrin, who died, and she afterward married Dow Everton; Susan, who died un- married; and Sarah, yet unmarried. Mr. Thomas Newman moved from Tennessee to Missouri in 1848, and in 1856 came to Texas, where he died, in 1863. Mr. Hermann R. Newman married Miss Carolina McDonald, July 28, 1857; she was born in 1838, the daughter of "William Mc- Donald, who came from Missouri to Texas in 1852. His children have been: James Frank; William; John; Betsy, wife of Ben- jamin Kirby; Sallie, wife of Harvey New- man; Parthena, wife of Sham Hatts; Martha, wife of Mr. McClain ; Mary, wife of Smith Corapton. Mr. Newman, our subject, rented fifty- seven acres of land, and afterward, as fast as he was able from time to time, purchased more land, until at one time he had 738 acres; but he has since sold all but 200 acres. On this farm he has built and now occupies a good residence. By diligence and wise judgment he has acculumated a sufli- cient fortune for his declining years. In April, 1862, he enlisted in the Southern army, in Colonel Burford's Regiment, the Nineteenth Texas Cavalry, and served during the war, being on detached duty most of the time. Was in the battles of Pleasant Hill, Mansfield and a number of minor en- gagements. During his absence in the army his wife managed the farm, raising wheat and corn. She had to give a tenth of all she raised to the Confederate Government. Three yoke of oxen were taken away by cotton haulers who claimed to be officers of tiie army, but were only speculators from the South, hauling cotton to New Mexico. Mr. Newman is a Royal Arch Mason, belonging to Piano Chapter, and also to the Knights of Honor. His children are; Mary, wife of Augustus Peavey; Parthena, wife of Mark Rainey; George; Sallie, wife of Henry McCallum; James; Emma; Dorotha; Willie and Samuel. C^ ^ fAMES B. LOWREY whose sketch is given below, is a son of Mark Lowrey, who was born in the blue-grass region of Kentucky in 1791, but at an early day re- moved to Wiiite county, Tennessee, where he died in 1879. The following article is taken from the press where he was known for four- score years: "Mark Lowrey was a gallant and true soldier in Murdock's company in the Creek and Seminole wai'. He was married the first time to Miss Margaret Barger, about 1813; he then settled on a farm near Sparta, Tennessee, where he lived till the hour of his death; and by industry he reared a large family of respected and intelligent children, four boys and four girls, two of wliom have long since passed away to their reward. He was a devoted husband, kind father and as a neighbor he was always ready to lend a help- ing hand; he was the poor man's friend and tiiere was nothing he could do for the needy but he was always at his post ready to supply tlieir wants. He was a prominent citizen, and an enterprising farmer and stock-raiser. He was for many years an exemplary membsr of the Christian Church, in which he lived until death called him home to rest with friends long since gone before, to rest prepared for HISTOHT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 905 the people of God. In 1817 he was married to the widow of the late Colonel Bunch of East Tennessee. There was something very remarkable in the history of Mr. Lowrey: for eighty-eight long years he lived without pain with one exception, which was caused by his horse stepping on his foot. He never had even the tooth-ache or headache in all his life, and never, since he could remember, did he lose a meal of victuals on account of sick- ness until a short time ago, when he was at- tacked with a cancer which caused his death. Just before liis death, wiiile some of his chil- dren and friends were standino- around his dying bed, he told them he had no pain wiiatever, and calmly closed his eyes in deatli and passed away, and 'heard a voice from heaven saying unto me, right blessed are the dead who die in the Lord, from hence fortii, yea, saith the spirit, that they may rest from their labors and their works do follow them.'" The paternal grandfather, Alexander Low- rey, was born in North Carolina and removed from there to Kentucky and from tliere to Tennessee. He was a Revolutionary soldier. Mark Lowrey and his wife became the par- ents of eight children: Barger came to Texas in 1851 but without unloading liis wagon re turned to Tennessee, but in 1888 returned to this State and here is now living; Finnette (deceased) was the wife of James M. Carrick; Amanda is the widow of James Scott; Amy (deceased in 1876) was the wife of Dudley Hunter; Charles died in 1888; Bettie, the wife of Wayman Clark is a resident of Sparta, Tennessee; James B. and Vance C, who died in 1885. James B. was born in Tennessee in 1823, and remained with his father until twenty-two years of age, when he engaged in merchandisintj, farming and stock-raising on his own account. In 1859 he emigrated to Dallas county, Texas, and for about two years was engaged in farming near Lancaster, but during the war carried the mail from Dal- las to Waco. Succeeding this he followed merchandising in Lancaster for about eight years, after which he moved to the farm where he now lives He was married in 1845, to Elizabeth Hunter, who was born in Tennessee, in 1829, the daughter of Dudley and Henriette Hun- ter. Mrs. Lowrey's paternal grandmotlier was a niece of Daniel Boone. To Mr. and Mrs. Lowrey five children have been born: Dudley B., who died in 1886, was a soldier in the Confederate service, enlisting between the ages of fifteen and sixteen years, in Com- pany F, Darnell's regiment, but was sent home on account of his age. He afterward joined Captain Baylor's company, Init was again sent home on account of his age. Be- ing of a determined disposition and possess- ing much youthful enthusiastn, he started to join Ross's regiment, but on his way iieard of the surrender and returned home. For a number of years he was chief clerk in the Comptroller's office under A. Bledsoe. Seth C. comes next in order of birth, then Nick O.; Henriette, who died in 1876; Ida H.. tlie widow of Dr. Thomas Little. At the close of the war Mr. Lowrey was the possessor of five cents and five children, but to day has about 2,500 acres of land well improved and and well stocked. He is a Democrat politi- cally. P. CORNELIUS, deceased, was born in Kentucky, July 27, 1828. He lived ^s|^® in tliat State until he came to Texas, in 1848, settling where he lived until his death, in May, 1887. His parents lived in Kentucky until their death. Our subject was married November 23, 1855, to Miss E. M. 906 HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. Horn, who was born March 26, 1836, a daughter of William and E. M. Horn, natives of Tennessee. The parents came to Red River county, Texas, in 1844, where they lived until 1849, and in that year they moved to Dallas county, settling about eleven miles south of where the city of Dallas now stands. Mr. and Mrs. Cornelius were the parents of ten children, seven of whom are now living: J. W., Martha A., Maggie, A. L., P. J., Charles C. and Henry M. Four of the chil- dren ai-enow married and live in Texas. Mr. Cornelius was a firm believer in the Bible, and was at one time a member of the Chris- tian Church. He devoted his life to the rearing of stock and farming, and at his death left each of his children a good farm and his widow well provided for. lAPTAIN ]S. A. CARRELL, one of the leading citizens of Dallas county, was l)orn in Lawrence county, Tennessee, March 7, 1828, a son of Stephen and Annie Carrell, the former a native of Georgia and the latter of JS'orth Carolina. Captain Car- rell, one of a family of nine children, lived with his father until the latter's death, in 1846. In November, 1870, he landed in Texas, stopping first in Ellis county, but after one year he moved to Dallas county and settled in the vicinity where he has since lived. Ry his honest and upright dealings he has won the confidence of his neighbors, and, as an evidence of the high esteem in which he is held, he was elected Justice of the Peace in November, 1882, and held that office continuously until the fall of 1890. He is now Notary Public for this precinct for the next two years, which office he holds by appointment under the present Governor, James Hogg. In November, 1861, Mr. Car- rell enlisted in the Confederate service, as Second Lieutenant of Company H, Forty- eighth Tennessee Regiment, under Captain J. N. Kirtly. In April, 1862, he was pro- moted Captain of his company, which posi- tion he held until the close of the war. , He was married in 1847, to Miss Maria H. Bailey, a daughter of John and Mary Bailey, natives of Virginia and South Carolina. Mr. and Mrs. Carrell are the parents of fourteen children, ten of whom are still living, and all are married except the youngest, Arbell C, who is living with her sister, Mrs. H. S. Williams. Mr. Carrell is a member of the Masonic fraternity since 1861. He is a firm believer in the Bible, and is one of the Stew- ards of the Cedar Hill Methodist Episcopal Church. He is the Recording Secretary of the Red Oak Cii-cuit of Waxahachie District of Northwest Texas Conference, which oftice he has held for sevei'al years. ^ ^ C. CAVENDER, of Dallas county, was l^!^ born in Williamson county, Tennes- " see, March 4, 1836, a son of Stephen Cavender, a native of Virginia. Our subject came to Texas in 1886, settling in the neigh- borhood where he now lives, where he is engaged in farming and stock-raising, and is at present the owner of some of the finest horses in the State. He was one among the first to enlist in the Confederate service, joining the First Regiment of Cavalry, and was under Colonel Bifull one year, after which he returned home. Mr. Cavender was married in 1857, to Miss Helena Kirk, a daughter of Hugh A. Kirk, a native of Tennessee. Qy this union there are eight children, seven of whom are still HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 907 living. Mr. Cavender was afterward married to Miss Leona Estes, and tliey have had nine children, all of whom are still living. He is at present a widower with sixteen living chil- dren, tive of whom are married. Mr. Cav- ender has heen a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church about fifteen years. iR. J. A. EWING, a prominent physi- cian and surgeon of Dallas, Texas, was born in Callaway county, Missouri, July 12, 1847, son of William N. and Lucy (Maupin) Ewing, both natives of that State. His father was a farmer by occupation, and later in life was a money lender. At one time he was engaged in teaching school in Missouri. His death occurred in 1876, at about the age of fifty-six years. His wife ■was thirty- two years of age at the time of her death. To them were born five children, namely: Nancy, wife of Thomas Terry, of Pettis county, Missouri; J. A., the subject of this sketch; Henry Clay, who died at the age of thirty-five years: Sarah, wife of George Kemp; and George W.,of Kansas. Dr. Ewing received his education in the common schools of Missouri. He attended Bellevue Medical College, New York, of which institution he is a graduate with the class of 1873. Previous* to his entering col- lege he read medicine with Dr. E. M. Kerr of Fulton, Missouri. In 1873, he came to Texas and established himself in practice at Dallas, since which time he has been identi- fied with the medical profession of this i)lace. Doctors W.H. Sutton, Johnston, Thrustun and Childress are the only physicians now in act- ive practice here who were in Dallas then. Dr. Ewing has been employed as examiner for several life insurance companies. He was married, in 1874, to Miss Susan Robberson, daughter of W. B, Miller. Her father is now living on Ross avenue, Dallas, aged about eighty-five years, her mother having died many years ago. The Doctor and his wife are the parents of two children, Lucy and William Gordon, aged respectively sixteen and fourteen years. Both parents are members of the Christian Church. Dr. Ewing has been a member of the I. O. O. F. since 1868. He is a member of the County and State Medical Associations. While he is a Democrat and votes with that party, he takes little interest in political matters, preferring to give his whole atten- tion to his chosen line of work. He is well read in his profession and is classed with the leading physicians of the country. However, he is enterprising and public-spirited and has done well his part to aid in the material growth and prosperity of the city of Dallas. [URTIS P. SMITH, one of the promi- HJK., nent attorneys and progressive citizens of Dallas, Texas, is a native of Indiana, born in the city of Yincennes, October 21, 1862. His parents are Dr. Hubbard Mad- ison and Nannie Willis (Pendleton) Smith, the latter a native of Bourbon county, Ken- tucky. The former, a native of Clark county, Kentucky, is a prominent physician of In- diana. The subject of our sketch attended high school and academy, received the degrees of A. B. and A. M. from De Pauw University of Indiana, and in 1887 received the degree of LL. B. from the Cincinnati Law School. The same year he graduated in Cincinnati, he came to Texas and located at Dallas, de- pending on his own resources, as he had but HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTT. little means. In 1888 the late Judge John- son, at that time City Attorney, appointed young Smith his assistant, and in 1889 he frequently presided over tiie City Court as Judcre, under appointment of the Executive. In 1890 he was chosen a member of the Board of Education for the Fifth Ward, with- out opposition, and during his term on said board he has been an important factor in the educational affairs of the city. Shortly after his arrival in Dallas, he identified himself with the Board of Trade, and when the new incorporation of that body took place in Feb- ruary, 1892, Mr. Smith was unanimously chosen as its official attorney. At the elec- tion of city officers, in April, 1892, he was elected, without opposition, to the position of Alderman, on the Democratic ticket, from the Third Ward, which is recognized as one of the best wards in the city. Mr. Smith, at times, lays aside the law and takes up literary work. In the newspaper field he is recognized as a writer of ability, and articles from his facile pen are found in many of the leading journals of the day. In fraternal circles he is also popular; has held office in both the Masonic and Knights of Pythias Lodges. October 2, 1891, he wedded Miss Anna Elizabeth Renick, a lady of education and refinement, the winsome daughter of W. H. Renick, Esq., a prominent short-horn cattle raiser of Bourbon county, Kentucky. Of quick perception, broad information, natural business ability and genial disposi- tion, Mr. Smith is a general favorite with his large circle of acquaintances. He is in the line of promotion, and there is little doubt that a bright future awaits him. He comes of an honored and distinguished an- cestry, of which the following brief record is made; Mr. Smith's great-grandfather was Hub- bard Taylor, Sr., who went to Kentucky, as a surveyor, with General Knox, about 1777. He located land in Clark county, Kentucky, and brought his family and negroes to this location about 1780. His brother. General James Taylor, a paymaster in the United States army, went to Kentucky about that time and settled at Newport, where the Uni- ted States barracks were located. His younger brother, Reulien, emigrated to Ken- tucky about 1800. Hubbard Taylor, Sr., had four sons and four daughters. The sons were Hubbard, Knox, John Pendleton and Thomas Madison. Of the four daughters be it recorded that the eldest married Mr. Lane, a merchant of Winchester, Kentucky; the second was the wife of Dr. Taliaferro, of Paris, Kentucky; the third married a Mr. Tebbs, a farmer of Harrison county, Ken- tucky; and the youngest, Mr. Smith's grand- mother, Elizabetli Taylor, married Willis R. Smith, a lieutenant in the army in the re- cruiting service at Winchester, Kentucky, during the war of 1812. He afterward be- came a merchant in that town. Hubbard Taylor, Sr., was a first cousin of General Zachary Taylor's father. One branch of the Taylor family settled in Clark county, and the others in Oldham and Jefferson counties, Kentucky. Elizabeth (Taylor) Smith was connected with the Minors, Pendletons, Mad- isons and other old and distinguished families of Virginia, her mother's maiden name being Clarissa Minor: hence the family names among the Taylors of Madison, Minor, Pen- dleton, etc. Our subject's middle name, Pen- dleton, comes from his mother's side, bow- ever, she being a daughter of General Edmund Pendleton of Kentucky, whose father emigrated from Virginia to Kentucky early in the present century. He was closely Cor\^ HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 909 related to the Virginia Pendletons, Edmund being a family name. Mr. Smith's grand- father, Willis R. Smith, was closely related to the Lee, Green and Willis families of Virginia and Maryland. One branch of the Green family (Mr. Smith's great-grandmoth- er's maiden name was Green) emigrated to Kentucky in an early day and settled in Mer- cer county. (Boyle county was formerly a part of Mercer county.) Judge Dnff Green and two Presbyterian ministers, Louis and Joshua Green, were cousins of our subject's grandfather, Willis R. Smith. Hubbard Taylor, Sr., and Henry Clay were the most intimate friends, although they differed in politics, Mr. Clay being a Whig of the strictest sort, while Mr. Taylor was a stanch Democrat. Mr. Clay was a frequent visitor at tlie home of Mr. Taylor. Collins, in his history of Kentucky, gives an extended sketch of Hubbard Taylor, and says of him that he was a great favorite among the peo- ple, but would never accept ofiice or he would have been better known. ^l '^ HILLIAM RYAN, a farmer and stock- 1| raiser of Dallas county, was born in Ireland, June 18, 1841, a son of Patrick H. Ryan and Mary (Harty) Ryan, natives of Ireland, where they died. Will- iam left his native country at the age of twelve years, and came with his uncle to New York city. He emigrated to Shreveport, Louisiana, in 1857, but remained there only a short time and then came to southern Texas, where he has been engaged in the stock business. In 1861 he enlisted for one year in Company F, Third Texas Cavalry, and was in the battles of Elkhorn, Spring- es Held, Corinth, and luka. He was wounded at Corinth and sent to the hospital at Canton, Mississippi, thence to Quitman, and then back to his command. He was on a furlough at the time the company disbanded. Mr. Ryan has improved his farm, and now owns 125 acres in a good state of cultivation. He was married in Dallas county, in 1865, to Mrs. Ellen Mary Murray, a native of Indiana and daughter of Wesley M. Chenault, also a native of Indiana and an early pioneer of Dallas county. In company with Jack Smith and Judge Patterson, Mr. Chenault erected a saw and grist mill on White Rock, which they conducted for a number of years. His death occurred many years ago, in Mon- tague county, Texas, and his wife, Elizabeth (Hatfield) Chenault, died in Dallas county. Mr. Ryan lost his excellent wife by death, March 23, 1886. They had ten children, nine of whom are living: William Emmett, who is working for the Wells, Fargo &, Co.'s express agency, in Dallas. He began life for himself at the age of nineteen, teaching school for two terms in Dallas county. He was then employed by William Kelly, as salesman in the furniture business. His next business experience was with the Wells, Fargo & Co.'s express agency, in the re- sponsible position of money deliverer. The ability and integrity displayed by him in this capacity won the confidence of the company, who promoted him to the position of depot asrent, which he now tills to the entire satis- faction of the company and the public. He will, probably, continue to rise in position with the company. George H., the second son, is in the furniture business at Ardmore, Texas; John W. is a member of the Fire De- partment of Dallas; Edward died Novem- ber 30, 1891; James H.; Patrick; Rosa; Lizzie; Ilattie and Etta. 910 EI8T0MY OF DALLAS COUNTY. Mr. Ryan sakes an active interest in poli- tics, voting with the Republican party. Re- ligiously, he is an earnest and useful mem- ber of the Catholic Church at Dallas. fAMES F. RAMSEY was born in Frank- lin county, Georgia, October 6, 1835. His parents, Caswell and Malinda (Mays) Ramsey, were born in the same State and county, his mother's birth occurring in Sep- tember, 1811. They were married in 1834, and in 1836, the year following the birth of James F., they moved to Murray county, Georj^ia. There in 1851 the father died. He was a farmer by occupation. Of Mr. Ram- sey's grandparents, we record that his grand- father, James Ramsey, went from Virginia to Georgia in an early day; that he married a Miss Strong, who bore him one child; and that the wife and mother died when her child, Caswell, was two years old. James Ramsey was subsequently married to a Miss Christian, and this union also resulted in the birth of one child, whom they named Rachel. She grew up and married Joseph Keith, who died in 1886. Mrs Keith is now a resident of Georgia. Mr. Ramsey's mother has one sis- ter living, — Cynthia Mays. He is the oldest in a family of six sons, namely: James F., William H., Andrew K., Thomas J., Edward and Caswell L. James F. Ramsey was married December 10, 1857, to Miss Margaret M. Stewart. She was born March 10, 1841, and died February 16, 1889, at the age of forty-eight years. (See history of the Stewart family in the sketch of William W. Sebastian.) Mr. Ramsey was still living in Georgia when the war broke out. He enlisted on the 16th of May, in Company F, Third Georgia Volunteers, in the Confederate army. Colonel Howard; was appointed Third Lietunantand afterward promoted to First Lieutenant. The six brothers all served in the war, all came out alive and are still living. William H. went in as Lieutenant and when the war closed had command of his regiment. An- drew K. was promoted to Captain. They were in many hard battles and only two of them were ever wounded. William H. was shot five times, but was never disabled. Andrew K. was shot once through the thigh. After i-eturning home James F. was en- gaged in farming in his native State until he moved to Texas. He started overland for this State on the 14th of October, 1872. He sent his wife by water in company with Mr. Sebastian, while he took charge of the latter's children and his own — nine in all — and made the journey in safety by wagon, covering a distance of 970 miles it. thirty-five days. He first landed in the city of Dallas. He rented land, and after he had fitted himself out for work had seventy-five cents left. For four years he continued to rent. Then he pur- chased a farm of 160 acres, three miles south- west of Garland. He afterward traded it for 200 acres, located three miles south of Gar- land, and to this he has since added until he now owns 652^ acres of tine land, all well improved. After thirty years of happy mar- ried life his wife died. They have eleven children born to them, and all are now living except three. Their names are Franklin L., a practicing physician of Rose Hill; Harvey M., Amanda J., wife of Red Ruth,* of Dallas, died, leaving one child, Mary; John Marion, Willis S., Huston H., James, Maggie Lee and Mary S. Mr. Ramsey chose for his second wife Mrs. Mattie (Foster) Nash, widow of Joseph Nash, who was killed in a cotton gin. She was HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 911 born in September, 1845. Her father moved from Barren county, Kentncky, to this State before the war By her first husband she had five children: Ora May, Samuel T., Clay C, Marvin V. and Josephns. Mrs. Ramsey owns 180 acres of good land, valued at about $40 per acre. Of late years Mr. Ramsey has given his attention more to stock-raising than to farming, having some fine Indian horses and Durham cattle. Mr. Ramsey is a member of the Masonic order, Duck Creek Lodge, No. 441, to Duck Creek Lodge, No. 304, L O. O. F., and of the Knights of Honor. He served as Deputy Sheriff five years in Dallas county. He and his wife are both members of the Presbyterian Church. xMr. Ramsey is in every respect a straightforward and upright man, and is one of the foremost citizens of Dallas county. fW, HENDRICKS, one of the most prosperous and energetic farmers of * Dallas county, was born August 2, 1829, in Scott, Indiana, the son of A. A. and Sophia A. Hendricks, natives of South Caro- lina and Indiana respectively. They were married in Indiana and afterward removed to Illinois, where they resided until the fall of 1853. In that year they came to Texas, buying and improving the farrp on which the subject of this sketch now lives. The latter came to Texas in 1852, one year in advance of his father, settling at Cedar Hill, where he first worked for a Mr. Combis, and afterward bought a team of oxen and broke prairie. In 1863, in company with his father, he bought 193 acres, to which he has since added until he now owns 120 acres of the famous black land, one mile east of Cedar Hill, and also ter| acres of timber land. Mr. Hendricks was married November 23, 1858, to Miss Mary J., a daughter of Bryson and Mary Jackson, natives of North Carolina. Mrs. Jackson came to Texas in 1854, and later moved to Johnson county, where she lived until her death, in 1887. Mr. and Mrs. Hendricks are the parents of five children, viz.: Annie, James, William, — and the re- mainder are deceased. Annie is the wife of S. Fulcher. On the farm of Mr. Hendricks is to be found a comfortable home, good barns and outbuildings, and everything about the place denotes thrift and prosperity. He and his wife are both members of the Cedar Hill Baptist Church. ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 3f?Bill ^' P^^KRY, of Dallas county, was ^uMHI ^ovn near Toronto, Canada, a son l"^^^^ <3> of Henry and Jane Perry, the for- mer a native of Ireland, and the latter of England. They came to Canada in their youth, where they were married about 1846, and the spring of 1858 they landed in Red River county, Texas. After two years they moved to Doaksville, Indian Territory, where they lived until Mr. Perry was waylaid and shot, February 15, 1863. About one year later the mother moved again to Texas, set- tling in Red River county, where she lived until the spring of 1866. She then made a visit of two months in Canada, returning to Van Buren, Arkansas, where, a short time after her arrival, she was deceased. W. A. Perry, the subject of this sketch, being the eldest of eight children, the care of the family fell to him. From Arkansas he moved to southwest Missouri, where he remained until July, 1873, when he returned to Texas and settled in Cedar Hill. He is a boot and shoe maker by trade, having served seven years as 913 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. an apprentice, and has also been in the United States service as Deputy Marshal under Dr. White. After landing in Cedar Hill he did not engage in business for about one year, when he opened a shop and worked at his trade. He has been engaged in various occu- palions since coming to this State, and is now the leading agricultural and implement dealer of this section of the county. Mr. Perry married Miss Irene E. Stewart, and they have had three children: Clement L., M»ry P., and Jessie S. Mr. Perry is a member of the order of Freemasons, and also of the Odd Fellows. D. McELROY, one of the most in- telligent and prosperous farmers of 1® Dallas county, was born in Ruther- ford county, Tennessee, September 20, 1841, a son of M. L. and Jane McElroy, natives of Virginia and Missouri. The parents came from Tennessee to Texas in the latter part of 1856, settling near the line of Dallas and Ellis counties, where they improved a farm of 220 acres. Here they lived until the death of the father. W. D., the fourth in a fam- ily of thirteen children, enlisted in the Confederate service early in 1861, Com- pany F, Twelfth Texas Cavalry, and was in active service four years. He was most of the time in Louisiana and Arkansas, and was fortunate enough never to participate in any of the hard-fought battles. He returned home immediately after peace was declared, and he now has a fine farm of 180 acres, twenty miles southwest of Dallas. He is a carpenter by trade and has built many of the bridges that span the streams of this county, and in connection with his trade he has improved his farm, and to-day stands among the best farmers of his section of the country. Mr. McElroy was married May 2, 1866, to Miss Hattie, a daughter of Josiah and Druy Culbertson, natives of Missouri, and they have five children. He lost his first wife by death September 29, 1878, and November 23, 1880, he married Miss Mollie, a daughter of Robert J. Merideth, a resident of St. Clair county, Missouri. Mr. and Mrs. McElroy have had five children. fM. HAMILTON, who resides on his farm of 333 acres fifteen miles south- ® west of Dallas, and four miles east of Cedar Hill, is one of the most prosperous and representative citizen of this county. He was born in Menard county, Illinois, the son of Miles G. and Barbara E. Hamilton, natives of Virginia and Warren county, Kentucky. The father was reared on a farm, but later in life learned the trade of a brick mason. A few years after his marriage he moved to Illinois, where he resided until 1853, and October 29 of the same year he landed in Texas, having made the trip from Illinois in a wagon. He bought 640 acres of land, whei-e he lived un- til his death, in June, 1889. He had pro- vided his sons with good homes of 160 acres each. F. M., the youngest of three sons, now owns and lives on his father's old homestead. He was yet a youth when he came to Texas, atid the first event of his life of any note was his enlistment in the Confederate army, in September, 1861. He was a volunteer under General Ross, in the Sixth Texas Regiment, and followed this brigade through all its vicis- situdes until the general surrender, when they disbanded and returned home. He was in all the famous battles east of the Missis- sippi river, and when he laid down his arms HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. 913 he had been present at over 500 engagements. He held the office of Sergeant almost from the beginning to the close of the war. On his retnrii from the scenes of battle he re- sumed farming, and shortly afterward, August 10. 1865, was married to Miss Mary L., a daughter of Samuel Ramsey, a native of Mis- souri. Mr. and Mrs. Hamilton are the par- ents of eight children, two of whom are de- ceased, a son and daughter, and the surviving children are all daughters. On the farm of Mr. Hamilton there is the appearance of thrift and enterprise, which characterizes an enter- prising citizen. He is a member of the order of Freemasons, and also of the Christian Church. jR. JAMES DRURY BOYCE, one of the prominent and successful physicians and surgeons of Dallas, Texas, was born in De Soto county, Mississippi, November 14, 1855. His parents were James Monroe and Bet- tie (Patterson) Boyce, natives of South and North Carolina respectively. Grandfather Boyce died when his son James M. was an infant, and little is known of the latter's an- cestry, except that he was of Scotch -Irish descent. He was a graduate of Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, and subse- quently took a medical course at Charleston, South Carolina. He gained eminence in his profession, being engaged in the practice thirty-seven years, first in Lawrence district. South Carolina, and afterward at Byhalia, Mississippi; and not only as a skilled phy- sician, but also as a worthy citizen was he held in Iiigh esteem. During the war he was the onlj' doctor left in his locality to care for the sick, and he waited on the soldiers of both the North and the South. He was an honored member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. His death occurred at the age of sixty-three years. The mother of the sub- ject of this sketch died when he was quite young, she being forty-seven years of age at the time of her death. Of her ancestry lit- tle is known. She was a life-long member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Six children were born to them, viz.: C. R. ; Moliie; James D.; P. P.; Laura and Bettie. C. R., a lawyer of Fernando county, Missis- sippi, died at the age of thirty-nine years. He married Miss Mildred Boone, a relative of the distinguished Daniel Boone. She and her three children survive him. Moliie, wife of S. W. Mullens, of Byhalia, Mississippi, died at the age of twenty-nine years, leaving a husband and one child. P. P., a merchant of Memphis, Tennessee, married Miss Hattie Boone, a sister of his brother's wife. They have three children. Laura and Bettie died at the age of sixteen and nineteen years re- spectively. Dr. James Drury Boyce was educated in the University of Mississippi, graduating with the class of 1872. He then began read- ing medicine under his father — the very best medical tuition in the world. He attended the Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Ten- nessee, from which institution he graduated in 1876, after which he began the practice of his profession in Byhalia, Mississippi, remain- ing there till 1885. That year he came to Dallas, and since then has successfully con- ducted a practice iiere. He has been exam- ining physician for several insurance com- panies. He is a member of the following organizations: the Marshall County (Missis- sippi) Medical Association, Dallas County, Texas State and Tri-State Medical Associa- tions. Dr. Boyce was married in 1880, to Miss 914 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. Lena Wilson, daughter of Newton and Lucy "Wilson, residents of Pleasant Hill, De Soto county, Misissippi. Their union was lilessed in the birth of three children, Gracie, Perry and Lena. Mrs. Boyce died on the 8th of August, 1890. Her only sister, Ella, is the wife of P. M. Black, and resides at Pleasant Hill, Mississippi. Their father died in 1878, aged fifty-five years. He was a successful farmer, and was highly respected in the com- munity where he lived. The mother is still living, and makes her home with Dr. Boyce. She is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and is a lady of many amiable quali- ties that have endeared her to a large circle of friends here. The Doctor is a member of the Presbyterian Church, as also was his wife. Politically, he is a Democrat. ^R. LAWRENCE ASHTON, a promi- nent physician and surgeon of Dallas, Texas, who was born in King George county, Virginia, August 29, 1845, son of Dr. Horace D. and Martha (Thornton) Ashton, both natives of the Old Dominion. Dr. Horace D. Ashton, a ripe scholar and distinguished physician, is a graduate of the Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, with the class of 1840. He still has an extensive practice in Virginia, although he is now seventy-two years of age. His wife died March 2, 1891, aged seventy-one years. She was reared in the Episcopalian faith and was a devoted member of that church. She was a granddaughter of General Stewart, of Eutaw Springs fame. Of the nine children born to this worthy couple, the subject of our sketch is the eldest, and one of seven now living, all being in Virginia, near the old homestead except him. The youngest brother, Stewart Thornton, is practicing medicine near Washington city. Dr. Lawrence Ashton had the best of edu- cational advantages. He received his liter- ary training in the University of Virginia, and is a graduate of the medical department of the Columbian University of Washington, District of Columbia, with the class of 1872. He subsequently entered the University of New York, where he further pursued the study of his profession. After leaving col- lege he located in Fredericksburg, Virginia, where he at once established himself in a large practice. He was about four years in the hos- pitals of New York, and practiced in Fred- ericksburg fifteen years. There he enjoyed a large and lucrative practice, and gained distinction as a skilled physician. Soon after beginning practice he became a member of the Virginia Medical Society, of which he served as vice-president eight years, and as president one year. He is the originator of the law to regulate the practice of medicine in Virginia, and was on the Board of Exam- iners of the State for five years. He is an active member of the American Medical As- sociation, of which he was elected vice-presi- dent at the meeting in Chicago, in 1887. He is a member of the Texas State, the North Texas, and the Dallas County Medical Asso- ciations, and is a frequent contributor to va- rious medical journals. Dr. Ashton was married in 1887 to Miss Nannie Green, daughter of Captain Duff Green, the Greens being a prominent Vir- ginia family. Mrs. Ashton is a member of the Episcopalian Church. The Doctor has been a resident of Dallas since 1890, and soon after locating here found himself engaged in an extensive practice. He is keenly alive to the interests of his pro-' fession, and consequently finds little time for HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. 915 political matters. He is well-read on the general topics of the day, and is a most inter- esting conversationalist. Dr. Ashton is a member of the Elks, of Dallas. fj. PARKS, an early pioneer and promi- nent citizen, was born in Monroe county, * Indiana, July, 30, 1833, son of Curtice Amelia (Sharp) Parks, the former a native of North Carolina and the latter of Tennessee. These parents moved with their parents to Indiana when young, locating in Monroe county, where they were married, between 1825 and 1830. Mr. Curtice Parks was brought up on a farm, was married about the age of twenty years, and continued to have charge of his father's place near EUiottsville, Lawrence county, Indiana. He also ran a mill which he built near that town in 1838. His parents were George and Catharine (Reeds) Parks, both of whom were from Burke county, North Carolina, settling in Indiana before the Indians had left there, and there he spent the remainder of his days. His wife still survives, now making her home with her son Curtice. Early in 1848 Mr. Curtice Parks disposed of his interest in Indiana and came to Texas, landing here April 1 of the same year and taking section of land fifteen miles south of the city of Dallas. At this time the county had never had a courthouse or jail. The subject of this sketch, Mr. J. J. Parks, labored upon the farm with his father until he reached his twenty-fourth year. When but twenty years of age he bought and paid for 116 acres of land, which he had improved to some extent before his marriage. In December, 1862, he enlisted in the service of the Confederate army, in the Sec- ond Partisan Texan Rangers, Company C. (Captain Crill Miller), Colonel W. B. Stone's regiment and General James Majors' brigade. He served most of the time in Louisiana, par- ticipating in the resistance to General Banks' expedition up the Red river. He had the good fortune to escape without having been either captured or wounded. By hard work and untiring energy he has improved his farm until now he is surrounded with all the comforts of a prosperous farmer's home. He is one of the charter members of the Wheatland Lodge of Freemasons, and he is also a member of the Odd Fellows order at De Soto. He was marrred September 9, 1858, to Miss Margaret Elraira Elizabeth Voorhies, a native of Tennessee and the daughter of John and Angeline Voorhies, who came from Ten- uessee to Texas in 1851, setting in Dallas county near where De Soto now stands. By this marriage there were eight children, of whom five are still living, namely; Carrie V., wife of William Allen, near De Soto, this county; Ellen, wife of John Cheshire near Lancaster; J. C, who is married and lives in Ellis county, this State; Dana and Lena, who are still at home. In February, 1880, the mother of these children died, and Octo- ber 10, 1881, Mr. Parks married Mrs. Dora Wheatley, a sister of his first wife, and by this union there are two children: Odie E. and liena. ' t > :©: ;«_ *-^- I^HOMAS UHL.— This gentleman re- sides on his fine farm of 675 acres, W located nine miles south and two miles west of Dallas, and is ranked with the pros- perous and representative citizens of Dallas county. Mr. Uhl was born in Allegany county, Maryland, February 24, 1840, son of Archi- bald and Leo (Fleckinger) Uhl. At the age of nine years Thomas Uhl was left an orphan, his mother dying and his father going to California. The family had moved to Macoupin county, Illinois, and after his mother's death he lived with different parties, working in summer and attending school in winter, generally doing the chorea to pay for his board. In this manner he obtained his education. Having heard of the great advantages this country afforded, in the fall of 1858 he came South, bringing with him a herd of sheep for his brothers, Samuel and A. J. He remained here till about the middle of winter, when he returned to Illi- nois, making the trip from Duncanville to St. Louis on mule-back, taking with him a number of mules for his brothers. Having received a favorable impression of Texas, he returned South in the fall of 1859. After coming back he worked for his board with Mr. H. K. Brotherton, and attended school three months, at the end of which time he hired to Mr. Brotherton and remained with him till the fall of 1861. He then enlisted in what was originally Colonel B. W. Stone's regimeixt, Company F. In the spring of 1862 the command was reorganized and Colonel Ross was chosen commander. Pre- vious to its reorganization the command operated in Arkansas and the southwestern part of Missouri. On Christmas, 1861, they had a fight with the Indians on the headwaters of the Arkansas river. In April, 1862, they crossed the Mississippi river, and served in the States east of that river until the close of the war. In the spring of 1865 Mr. Uhl was sent home on f urloutrh. where he remained till the general surrender a few months later. After the war he began farming and dealing 920 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. instock, buying cattle, sheep, mules and horses, and driving thein to Mississippi and Louisiana for market. He was the second man to fat- ten and market cattle in this section of the country. A portion of his land Mr. Uhl obtained through his marriage, but the greater part has been gained by his own skill and industry. It was all wild when he came into possession of it, and now all is fenced and a large portion under a high state of cultivation. In January, 1890, he began the dairy busi- ness on a small scale, and at this writing he has one of the finest dairies in the county. His home is an attractive one, and here he is surrounded with all the comforts of life. April 10, 1867, Mr. Dhl was united in marriage with Miss Emily Branson, who was born in Sangamon county, Illinois, the daugh- ter of Thomas and Louise (Cole) Branson. (See Mr. Branson's biography in this volume.) Mr. and Mrs. Uhl have had three children, one dying in infancy. The others are "W. Sterling and Leon Fox. ^n.- ^^ IRAWFORD TREES, deceased, was born in Union county, Illinois, December 26, 1823, a son of Jacob and Catherine Trees, natives of Germany. The parents came to the United States in an early day, being among the tirst settlers of the State of Illinois. Crawford, the youngest of their six children, lived with his parents until became to Te.Kas in 1845. He settled on the farm where his widow now lives, in what was then known as Peters' Colony. In 1846 Dallas county was organized, and Mr. Trees was the first to obtain license to marry in the county. In 1849 he left his family for the gold fields of California, where he spent the greater part of two years, and as a reward for his adventure he returned in the spring of 1851 with sev- eral thousand dollars in gold. With the ex- ception of the two years spent in California his life was devoted to farming and stock- raising, and by hard work and conservative dealings he amassed quite a fortune. Before his death, January 31, 1889, he deeded to each one of his children a farm of 160 acres, and at his death he left all his possessions to his widow, which amounted to about $40,000, consisting of 3,858 acres of land, stock and cash. He lived to see what was a wild prai- rie, inhabited mostly by wild animals, con- verted into one of the finest farming sections in the State. In 1846 Mr. Trees was married to Miss Annie Kimmel, a daughter of Daniel and Catherine Kimmel, who were of German de- scent. Mrs. Trees was born December 12, 1831, and when only fourteen years of age she came with her mother to Texas, her father having died in 1842. She is one of three children that came with her mother from Illinois in 1845, and settled on the farm where she now lives. Mr. and Mrs. Trees had ten children, viz.: Catherine, Beatrice, David, Philip W., Samuel H., Crawford, Texanie, Mary E., Lee and George W., all of whom Mrs. Trees has lived to see married except Lee, who still resides with her. -^ ^*l !«*- [APTAIN MID PERRY, a successful farmer of Dallas county, was born in Jefferson county, Indiana, December 15, 1814, a son of Franklin and Rebecca (Harbison) Perry, natives of Virginia. The parents were both reared in Kentucky, and in 1800, they moved to Indiana, settling in Jef- ferson county, three miles from the Ohio river. In 1817, they removed to Polk HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 921 county, Illinois, six years later to Greene county, that State, where the father died in 1840, at the age of sixty-five years, and the mother in 1865, aged eighty-nine years. Mr. Perry in early life followed the stone mason's trade, bnt was a fanner later in life, and always lived on the frontier. The parents had ten children: Sarah, Eliza, Melinda, Western, Mary Jane, Franklin, Rebecca, Mid, Roderick Randolpli and Alexander Wilson. Mid Perry, the subject of this sketch, was reared mainly in Greene county, Illinois, where he received a limited common-school educa- tion. September 26, 1844, acconipattied by his wife, his brother-in-law, Jones Greeve, and his family, he started for Texas. They made the trip with teams, reaching Lamar county on the north line of the State after five weeks, and settled on Pine creek, near Paris, the first week in November. Captain Perry had made a previous visit to Texas in 1837, coming as far as Red river and Lamar counties, but there being no settlements fur- ther AVest he did not penetrate the interior. At the time of his second coming, there was only a settlement or two in Dallas county, and Mr. Perry thought it best, therefore, to leave their families in Lamar county, while they looked over the country. They came on to Dallas county in the spring of 1845, and bought 320 acres of land each, from Judge E. L. R. Patton, of Brazos, lying on Ten Mile creek, about three miles east, and a lit- tle south of where the village of Lancaster now stands. About the same time they each took a headright for 640 acres of land in the same locality, after which they returned to their families in Laraar county. In Novem- ber of the same year, they brought their families to this county, settling on their claims, and Captain Perry still resides on the land which he took at that time. His and his brother-in-law's families were the only ones in tiiat locality at that time, although four or five settlers had located about three miles south of where Lancaster now is, and other families soon afterward came. At that time there were no roads in the southern part of the county, except the trail to Dallas, and the one between the straggling chain of set- tlements on Ten Mile creek. Captain Perry brought supplies with him to last a year, anticipating that these would be hard to pro- cure; but there was a small store, however, at Cedar Spring, near Dallas, erected by Perry Overton. Mr. Perry has followed farming and stock-raising all his life, and, with the exception of the ofiice of County Commis- sioner, which he held for two years during an early day, he lias never accepted any public ofiice. He entered the Confederate army in March, 1862, as a member of Company I, Eighteenth Texas Cavalry. He organized that company, mostly from his neighborhood, and took it into service. He resigned his position as Captain only a short time before the regiment was captured at Arkansas Post, Arkansas. Captain Perry was in the service one year in Arkansas, one year along the Gulf, and came home in February, 1864, and served with the Home Guards until 1865. He was married in Greene county, Illinois, March 10, 1842, to Ellen M. Ellis, daughter of Thomas M. and Mary Ellis, a sketch of whom appears in this work. Mr. and Mrs. Perry have had seven children: MoUie, wife of Bruce Brazil, of Cleburne, Texas; Mar- garet, wife of Woodson White, of Dallas county; Lenora, now Mrs. J. E. Stout, of Quinan, this State; Albert L., of Greer county, Texas; William Yancy, of Lancaster, Dallas county; Lura and Middleton Lee, at home. Captain Perry bears the reputation of being one of ths most successful men in 928 HISTORY OF DALLAS COONTT. the southern part of Dallas county, upright in all his dealincrs, and exceedingly kind and accommodating. He and ids wife are mem- bers of the Baptist Church, as are also their four eldest daughters. Mr. Perry has heen a Mason for more than thirty years, having joined the first lodge that was ever organized at Dallas, and also assisted in organizing the first lodge in Lancaster. ^sf; ILLIAM FLEMING, one of the early settlers and prosperous fanners l-=^ifeS of Dallas county, Texas, was born in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, April 6, 1820. His parents, William and Sarah (Mc- Kinney) Fleming, were natives of Armagh county, Ireland, and on the Emerald Isle they were married and had three children born to them. In 1819 the family emi- grated to the United States, first settling in Hagerstown, Pennsylvania, where they lived for three years; thence to Circleville, Ohio. The father was a weaver by trade and followed that business in Pennsylvania and Ohio. Alter living in Circleville two years he moved to Lawrenceburg, Indiana, where he took up the trade of coopering, which he had learned in his earlier days. Two years later he moved to Louisville, Kentucky, continuing work at the cooper's trade there one year. Next we find him at Harmony, Indiana, where he worked two years at the cooper's trade ; thence to Mount Vernon, Indiana, and a year later to Golconda, Illinois. He afterward lived at Alton and from there moved to Exe- ter, same State, where he and his wife died. They were the parents of eight children, four sons and four daughters: William, born in Ireland, died in infancy; Thomas, a native of Ireland, came to the United States with his parents, lived with them until they moved to Exeter, where he married and lived until two years ago, dying at that time and leaving a family of six children; Jane, also a native of Ireland, is the widow of Joe Smith and lives in Scott county, Illinois; William, the subject of our sketch, was the first of the family born in America; Mary Ann is the widow of Sam- uel Shaw and resides in Beardstown, Illinois; Sarah, wife of W. B. Landrum of Mount Vernon, Missouri, died, leaving five children; Isabella, wife of George Mills, resides with her husband in the State of Washington. William Fleming learned the cooper's trade in his boyhood and worked at it with his father until he was twenty years old. He then went to Wilmington, Greene county, Illinois, and established a cooper shop for himself, where he worked about three years. At that place he married his first wife, Al- bina Rawlins, in September, 1840. She was a native of Cole county, Illinois, and a daugh- ter of William and Eu])hanie (Martin) Rawlins. Early in the fall of 1846, Mr. Fleming sold out and started for Texas, and on October 6, in company with eleven other families, landed on Ten-mile creek, fourteen miles south of where the city of Dallas now stands. Here he laid a patent on 640 acres of land. During the first year of his stay on this place he lived on corn bread, water and wild meats. Their only means of grinding corn was with the old fashioned mortar and pestle. By his first wife, Mr. Fleming had seven children, of whom only one survives: S. C. Fleming, — the others having died in infancy. His second marriage occurred with Mrs. Zelda Knox, September 28, 1890. She was the widow of Albert Plesson Knox, by whom she had two children. HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 923 Mr. Fleming has by his own exertion gained what of this world's goods he now possesses. lie owns 320 acres of his original holdings, having given the other 320 acres to his son. He is a member of the Christian Church and worships at the old Rawlins Church on Ten- mile ci'eek. fRANCIS M. BEAVER, a farmer of pre- cinct No. 3, Dallas county, was born in Gwinnett county, Georgia, October 16, 1835, the twelfth child in his father's family. (For history of his father's family, see sketch of J. T. Beaver.) Francis remained at home wfth his mother, his father having died when lie was small, until after his marriage, after which he rented land and continued to farm i;ntil after the war. He enlisted in Company F, Twenty-fourth Georgia Regiment, and served for four years. He was wounded in the left shoulder at the battle of Spottsylvauia Court House. He participated in twenty-two regular battles, and was in four engagements at Seven Pines, Virginia, and in the battles at James' farm. Savage Station, second battle of Manassas Junction, second battle of Bull Run, Antietam, Fredericksburg, White Post, second engagement at Chancellorsville, Pe- tersburg, Strawsburg, Gettysburg and the Wilderness. Mr. Beaver enlisted as a private, and was first promoted Regimental Drummer, next Orderly Sergeant, then Third Lieutenant, at the battle of the Wilderness vvas promoted Second Lieutenant, receiving his commission in time of the l)attle. He was captured but once, and then made his escape. After the war he returned home and continued farming until 1883, after which he lived one year in this State with his brother, but returned to Georgia, and one year later came again to this State with his family. Shortly after his arrival he bought his little farm, and in con- nection with this operates a gin-mill. Mr. Beaver was married March 15, 1853, to Emily C. Dass, of Forsythe county, Geor- gia, and daughter of Jarrett and Elizabeth (Thompson) Dass. The father was born Feb- ruary 10, 1810, and the mother May 5, 1813, Mrs. Beaver has one brother and three sisters living, viz.: Martha, wife of William Bruce, by whom she had one child, William, and she was again married to Thomas Bell; Nancy, wife of Leander Pace. Mr. and JV^rs. Beaver have had seventeen children, only three of whom survive, viz.: Joseph G., who resides in Georgia; Andrew, of Dallas county; and John W., also of this county. The parents are both members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, and the former has filled sev- eral small offices in the I. O. O. F., Duck Creek Lodge, No. 444. -^^m/ub inyi^- ~^^' fHARLES H. TIPPETT, of Mesquite, Dallas county, was born in Hookins- ville, Georgia, September 1, 1864, the youngest of eight children of Abner L. and Cynthia (Whaley) Tippett. The former was born in Washington county, Geoi-gia, in 1822, and died at the age of fifty-six years, and the latter is still living in Georgia, at the age of seventy years. The father was a mechanic by occupation, and as such served in the South- ern army until the close of the war. After the death of his father our subject lived with his mother until fifteen years of age, and then served as an apprentice to learn the print- er's trade about three years; next he went to Florida and worked in a sawmill four years, then he returned home and engaged in farm- ing; in 1887 he went again to Florida and re- mained until December, 1887, and returned home December 18, 1888; January 28, 1889, 934 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. he went to the mountains in Arkansas. May 24, of the same year, he came to Mesquite, Dallas county, and worked for wages the first year, after which he bought his present tine farm of 216 acres. Mr. Tippett was married to Mrs. Kate C. Thompson, nee Crumhy, who was born No- vember 23, 1865, a daughter of William and Elizabeth (Beeman) Crumby. Tlio father was born August 10, 1820, and the mother July 22, 1824, and they were married August 17, 1854. Mrs. Tippett has three brothers and one sister, but Hustus is the only one now living, the others having died in childhood. Mr. Tippett has two brothers now living: John T. and William Albert. The former is now living in Georgia, and the latter in Florida. Mrs. Tippett had one daughter by her former husband, Eliza Olive Thompson. --^xn/Uh- ■q/l/in^^ fAMES B. FRANKLIN, a resident of Dallas, Texas, is one of nine children born to James B. and Louisa (McKin- ney) Franklin. The father came to Marshall, Texas, in 1835, from DeKalb county, Ala bama. His death occurred in Collin county, this State, in Nftvember, 1887. The mother was originally from South Carolina. She was married to Mr. Franklin in Marshall. They moved from there to Upshur county and thence, in the fall of 1861, to Collin county. She, too, died at the latter place- her death occurring December 26, 1873. Of their children be it recorded that James B. was born in Marshall, Texas, in 1844. He came to Dallas from Collin county in the spring of 1867. He has been twice married. November 11, 1877, he wedded Ida Moss, of Dallas county, and by her had one child that died in infancy. July 11, 1882, he was united in marriage with Belle Bowen, also of Dallas county. They have no children. While in Collin county he was engaged in the cattle business. Since then he has been interested in mercantile pursuits in Hens rietta and Dallas, but at the present writing is not actively engaged in any business. He is a member of the Baptist Church, and his political views are in harmony with Demo- cratic principles. William W. Franklin, born in Marshall. Texas, was married at that place to Margaret Wright, by whom he has eight children. They reside near Leonard, Collin county. Benjamin M. Franklin, also a na- tive of Marshall, lives at Mineral Wells, Texas. He married Melissa Dobkins, of Collin county, and has one child. Mary R. Franklin, a native of Upshur county, Texas, was married in Collin county to Charles Con- nolly, of Lamar county. Her death occurred January 19, 1891. Mr. Connolly is now a resident of Erath county. John M. Frank- lin, born in Upshur county, was married in Celeste, Hunt county, this State, and has one child. He and his family are residents of Ardmore, Indian Territory. Joseph A. Frank- lin, born in Upshur county, is now a resident of Collin county; is married and has two children. Octavia, a native of Upshur county, has been twice married and is now a widow, residing in Greenville, Hunt county, Texas. She has two children, one by each marriage. Louise, native of Upshur county, and is now the widow of Benjamin Shaw. She has three children; lives in Jones county, Texas. Mattie, born in Collin county, was married there, and died, leaving no issue. The following refers to the family of Mrs. James B. Fianklin, wife of the subject of this sketch: Ahab Bowen, father of Mrs. Franklin, was born in Granger county, Tennessee, in 1807; HISTORY OF DALLAS GOUNTT. 925 went to Polk county, Missouri, where he en- gaged in fanning and also carried on mer- cantile pursuits; removed from Polk county to Arkansas in 1862; thence, in 1864, to Collin county, Texas; and in 1865 to Dallas. At the latter he was engaged in mercantile business for several years. He owned twelve acres of land here, wliich lias been divided amoncr his children. He was married in March, 1832, in Tennessee, to Mary L. Early, who died August 7, 1889. They had a fam- ily of nine children, all natives of Polk county, Missouri. Their names with brief mention of each, are herewith Ejiven: Sarah C. was married in Polk county to W. C. Akard, who was subsequently a merchant in Dallas, Texas. He died in Calvert, leaving three children: Coleman B., a banker at Montrose, Colorado, married Ollie Heifner, of Shreveport, Louisiana; W. C, of Dallas, married Gertrude Staley, of Springfield, Mis- souri, and has one child, Fred A.; and Sarah C, wife of A. C. Daniel, of Dallas, has one child, Lillie. John W. Bowen, a resident of Dallas, has been twice married. \iy hjs first wife, nee Sidney Lacey, he had two children: Clinton and John; by his second union, witl^ Lizzie Britton, of Louisiana, he lias one child. William W. Bowen was first married in Polk county, Missouri, to Mary Goss, by whom he had seven children: S. Price; Walter A.; Ida, who married Jarnes Austin, of Dallas, and has one child: AHie, who married E. T. Overad, Dallas, and has two childi-en: May, Booker and Mack. His second wife is Jennie (Wilkins) Bowen, of Waco, and by her he has three children. Elizabeth C. has been twice married. By her first husband, B. F. Lacey, of Polk county, Missouri, she had two chil- dren: Rosa Belle, deceased, and Ed. F. Lacey, of Dallas. By her present companion, General G. Worthington, of Dallas, she has 60 one child. Jennie is the wife of J. T. Boren, Dallas: their seven children are: Lucy, wife of A. L. Ledbetter, Dallas county, has one child; Charles F., deceased; William A.; Annie L.; J. Edgar; Ben E. and Arthur Lee. Henry Booker married Alice Easley, has live children, and lives in Antelope, Jack county, Texas. Adeline was first married in St, Louis, Missouri, to William Harlje. By her second marriage, to A. M. Thompson, of Dallas, she had three children, two of whom are living: Rosa and Hugh. Fannie, wife of B. J. Jackson, of Kentucky, has no children. Belle, wife of the subject of this sketch. ON. CHARLES FREDERICK TUCKER, an eminent jurist and es- teemed citizen of Dallas, Texas, was born September 18, 1847 He is descended from a family which has furnished to the bar of this country many eminent lawyers. His parents were the Hon. Alpheus L. Tucker, late of Franklin, Louisiana, and Maria Susan Thonjas, the former for many years a leader of the bar of southern Louisiana, who repre- sented his parish in the Senate and Lower House of the State Legislature for several terms, and who acted for fifteen consecutive years as Mayor of Franklin. He was not only an able lawyer and eloquent orator, but was distinguished for his genial disposition, open-handed charity and upright cliaracter. He died in Franklin, in 1885, aged sixty- seven years, his loss casting a gloom over an entire community, which knew and appre- ciated his worth. The mother of the subject of his sketch died in 1852. She was a lady of superior attainments, great culture and refinement, who added to her intellectual accomplishments the charm of a kind heart; 926 HiarORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. who was eminently fitted to be a companion to a person of ber luisband's acknowledged ability and worth. Judge Tucker, whose name heads this no- tice, spent his early childhood in Franklin. At the close of the war, in 1865, he entered the freshmen class at Austin College, in Huntsville, Texas, where he remained until the close of the session of 1866-'67, having passed througli the freshmen, sophomore and junior courses. On leaving that institution he pursued his studies two years in the Uni- versity of Virginia, graduating in several of the academic schools ot that well known seat of learning. On his return to his home in Louisiana he entered his father's office, where he studied law for three years, and was admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court of Louisiana in July, 1872. In April, of the following year, he sought the opportunities afforded in a newer and less crowded locality, locating in Dallas, Texas. Soon afterward he entered into a law partnership with Colonel AVilliam E. Hughes, with whom he continued until 1875, meeting with gratifying success in the practice of his profession, and soon acquired a leading position at the Dallas bar. On the creation of the Forty-foui'th Judicial District in 1889, upon the recommendation of the bar of Dallas, he was appointed Judge of the District by Governor Ross. At the expira- tion of his term of office in 1890, he was elected without opposition as his own suc- cessor for a term of four years. He was married in December, 1874, to Miss JMary Sydnor Jones, an estimable lady, a native of Galveston, a daughter of the late Colonel Gustavus A. Jones, and a grand- daughter of the late Judge John B. Jones, a distinguished Judge of the Republic of Texas, and a granddaughter, on her mother's side. of John S. Sydnor, for many years a leading merchant of Galveston. They have three sons and one daughter. In politics Judge Tucker is a Democrat. ILLIAM P. ARMSTRONG was born in Augusta county, Virginia, in 1839, son of William Armstrong, who was born at the same place, April 19, 1794, both father and son being farmers by occupation. The senior Mr. Armstrong was merging into young manhood when the war of 1812 broke out, and in answer to his country's call he entered the army as a private soldier, serving u-ntil he was lion- orably discharged. In 1822 he married Mrs. Sarah (Sheltman) Smith, a widow. By her first Misband she had one child, Elizabeth, who became the wife of Samuel Wallas. Mrs. Armstrong died in Texas, at the age of fifty- four years. William Armstrong moved from Virginia to Morgan county, Indiana, in 1841. In 1852 he came to Texas and settled in Dallas county, where he purchased a large tract of land, located about two miles and a half northeast of Garland. He there lived and larmcd till the time of his death, which occurred at t!.e age of ninety-one years. He and his wife were the parents of eight chil- dren, the subject of our sketch being the sixth-born. John is now a resident of Moran, Allen county, Kansas; George died, leaving a family of five children; Franklin was the third- born, and the next in order were Robert and William P; Martha J. is the wife of George Canatsay; Drauah married William Nelson; Mattie was first married to Nat. Potter, who died, leaving her with three children; she subsequently married R. H. Mallabone, by whom she i)ad two children. Her death occurred April 13, 1891. HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 927 William P. Armstrong was about thirteen years of age when his father moved from In- diana to this State. They made the journey in wagons and were about hfty days on the road. Mr. Armstrong was married (October 29, 1859, to Miss Anna Parker. After his mar- riage he began farming on his own account. When the war broke out he enlisted in the Fifteenth Texas Regiment, Colonel Sweet; but was soon discharged on account of ill health. He afterward regained his health and again enlisted in the army, serving until the close of the war. Returning to his home and farm he again took up the peaceful occu- pation of farming, in which he is still en- gaged. He owns a nice 200-acre farm near Garland. Following are the names of the children bo)-n to Mr. and Mrs. Armstrong: Charles Crawford, deceased; Sarah and Minnie, also deceased; Franklin, and Elizabeth. Mrs. Armstrong is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. Mr. Armstrong is associated with the Masonic order, being a member of Duck Creek Lodge, No. 441. A. JACOBS dates his birth in Inde- pendence county, Arkansas, December 'i* 17, 1845. For the history of his par- ents see tl^e sketch of John C. Jacobs, in this volume. After his mother's death Mr. Jacobs was taken to his aunt in New York, and she cared for him until he was grown. When the Civil war came on he enlisted in the Union army, as a member of the Fourteenth Vermont Regiment, First Army Corps, Third Division, and served one year, participating in the battles of Fredricksburg and Gettys- burir, besides several skirmishes. His brother, John C, was in the Confederate army. The term of his enlistment expiring, Mr. Jacobs returned to his home in New York. He then spent one year in Virginia, after which he traveled for a machine company for several years, and came to Texas in 1887. Mr. Jacobs was married while in New York, December 19, 1867, to Catherine Osterhoudt. She died August 31, 1880, leaving no issue. He was subsequently married to Mrs. Anna- bell Troop, a widow with one child, and a native of Tennessee. By Mr. Jacobs she had one child, Katy J. His second wife departed this life in September, 1867. On the 28th of August, 1888, he wedded Margaret Dan- iels, of Humphreys county, Tennessee. After locating in Texas Mr. Jacobs rented land of his brother, John C. He was success- ful in his farming operations, made enough mimey with which to purchase land, and is now the owner of the 155 acres on which he lives. -^^uxn/b- ^^ ^Ifl/l/x^^ OSAN COX, who for many years has been a resident of Dallas county, Texas, lives in the town of Fisher, Precinct No. 1. Her parents were Benjamin and Fannie (McKinsey) Chenoweth. She came from Missouri to Texas with her mother and brother Joseph, her father having died while making preparations for the journey. The mother died in February, 1872. In 1859 she was married to Jesse Cox, son of William and Ruth (Dixon) Cox, early set- tlers of this neighborhood, they having come here from northern Missouri in 1845, when Jesse was about nineteen years old. To them one child was born, Fannie A., who is now the wife of James A. Williamson, and has two children: Ina L. and James C. Mr. Williamson is a farmer, came here from 928 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. Hickory county, Missouri, and he and his family now reside with Mrs. Cox. Previous to his marriage to the subject of our sketch, Jesse Cox was married, Octo- ber 1, 1850, to Rosanna McComas, sister of John McComas, and by her had three chil- dren, two of whom are still living, namely: John "W., a resident of Williamson county, Texas; and Ruth Ann Seals, wife of James Seals of Johnson county, Texas, has five children. Jesse Cox was a farmer by occupation, and owned 300 acres of land. The homestead farm com[)ri8es lifty-three acres, and is devoted to the production of cotton. Mr. Cox served eighteen months in the Mexican war. During the late war he enlisted in Colonel Stone's regiment, and was in cavalry service in Louisiana. His death occurred January 16, 1865, of disease caused by ex- posure in the army. He was a member of the Masonic fraternity. The parents of Mrs. Cox had eleven chil- dren, whose names, with brief mention of each, are as follows: Rachel married David Wood, and resides in Missouri. James mar- ried Matilda Moss, of Tennessee. He died in 1886 and liis wife the following year, leav- ing a family of eight children.; Tliomas lives in Wise county, Texas, is married, and has seven children; Mary; Cassandra married I. T. Mitchell, of Indiana, by whom she has two children. After his death she came to Texas, and is now a resident of Collin. Betsey married J. L. Derryberry, of Polk county, Missouri, and their union was blessed with seven children. She is deceased. Sarah married H. A. Derryl^erry, of Polk county, Missouri. Tliey are now residents of Wise county, Texas, and have seven children. Susan Cox, subject of this article. Rebecca fnarried S. H. Hardnick, of Virginia. They are now living in Denton county, Texas. Joseph married Rebecca Crawford, of Denton. They live in Collin county, Texas, and have a family of nine children; Missouri I. mar- ried Land Smith, of Missouri, their marriage occurring in Dallas. She is now a resident of this |)lace. He died, leaving her with four children. ^ '^ DWARD C. BECHTOL, of Mesquite, Dallas county, was born in Frederick county, Maryland, June 10, 1860, a son of Daniel Bechtol, who was born on the same farm as his son, January 13, 1824. He was a farmer and stock-raiser l)y occupation, and lived in his native State fifty. two years. He served three months in the Union army, and at the close of the war became to Texas, and in April, 1876, brought his family to this State. He has one brother, John Bech- tol, now living, and three sisters: Eli^abetli Ringor, of tlie State of Washington, and Catherine Kifower still resides in Maryland, Mr. Bechtol was married in 1846, to Miss Mahala Boser, andthe former is now a mem- ber of the Lutheran Church, and the latter of the Reformed Church, and strictly live up to their faith. Edward C, the sixth of a family of seven children, came with his parents to Texas at the age of sixteen years, and lived with his father until his marriage. He then began farming for himself on rented land, but after three years bought eighty acres, paying $10 per acre, which he immediately began im- proving and cultivating. He now has fifty- eight acres in cultivation, which is worth about $40 per acre. Mr. Bechtol started in life with only a common-school education and no money, but has since made rapid progress, HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNT T. 929 and since his marriage he has applied him- self to study, and there are few who are bet- ter posted in the matters and polities of his own country. He was married October 14, 1877, to Miss Sarah Jane Willinghatn, a daughter of Se- bron D. and Amanda (Florence) Willing- hatn. The father was born in Alabama in 1828, and the mother in August, 1839. Mr. Willingham moved to Texas the year of his marriage, settling in Smith county, where he lived until his death in 1866. They were the parents of four children, viz.: Florence E., deceased; J. K. ; Sarah and I. J. Mr. and Mrs. Bechtol are the parents of three children: Sebron D., John L., and Charles Isaac Wesley. The parents are both members of the Baptist Church. ^ ^ I AVID FLORENCE, a farmer of Dal- las county, was born in Lincoln county, Georgia, March 2, 1834, a son of David Florence. Our subject lived in his native State until eight years of age, and then moved with his parents to Benton county, Alabama, and next to Talladega county, where he remained until reaching maturity. He was then employed by James Henderson as overseer for four years, and then, December 24, 1856, he landed in Texas, where he rented land the first year, and then bought the farm of 140 acres which he had rented, paying $4 per acre. After one year, he sold this place, after which he again rented land until the breaking out of the war, when he enlisted in Company D, Fourteenth Regi- ment, General Walker's division, and com- manded by Colonel Clark. He participated in the battles of Missionary Ridge, Mans- field, Pleasant Hill, James' Ferry, etc., and was one of seven of his company of fourteen who escaped death or wounds. After the war Mr. Florence returned home, and later moved his family to Van Zandt county, where he bought a farm of 370 acres for $500. He lived there twenty-two years, and in the meantime bought a farm of 100 acres in Dallas county, after which he sold his 370 acres, and in 1880 moved his family to this county. He immediately improved this place, to which he has since added another 100 acres, and now owns 200 acres of fine land ten miles from the city of Dal- las. Mr. Florence was married in Alabama, December 19, 1852, to Miss J. A. McAife, a daughter of Henderson and Sarah (Stephens) McAffe. The parents had nine children, viz.: William, Marry, Ky., Samuel, Sarah, Eliza, Henry, Amos and J. A. The latter is the only one of her father's family now liv- ing in TexAs. Mr. and Mrs. Florence have had seven children, only three of whom sur- vive: Martha Jane, deceased ; Georgia Ann; Eliza, wife of J. H. Somer; Elisha, deceased; Appalton, wife of J. G. Dewberry; Asa C, deceased; and Simon. The parents are both members of the Baptist Chui-ch. fW. ALLEN, farmer and stock-raiser, Wheatland, Texas. — Every community ® is bound to have among her citizens a few men of recognized iniluence and alnlity, who by their systematic and careful, thorough manner of work attained to a success which is justly deserved. Among this class is Mr. Allen, who has been identified with the in- terests of Dallas county since 1871. He was born in Page county, Virginia, July 11, 1841, and his father, Moses Allen, was also a native of that county and State. The grand- 930 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. father, Gilbert Allen, was also a native of the Old Dominion, but the great grandfather; Archie Allen, was a native of Ireland and came to this country in the eighteenth cen- tury. Grandfather Allen participated in the struggle for independence. Our subject's ancestors settled on Goiny Mannon, which is still owned by the Allen family. Moses Allen was a distiller by occupation and married Miss Eliza Mannel, who was of English de- scent and the daughter of John E. Mannel and granddaughter of Wingate Mannel, both natives of Virginia. Wingate Mannel served all thi'ough the Revolutionary war as did also his father. To Mr. and Mrs. Moses Allen were born two children, — our subject, who is the elder, and Chancey, of Rockwall, Texas. Mrs. Allen now resides with our subject, and although seventy-two years of age is strong and vigorous to a remarkable extent. J. W. Allen remained on the farm and assisted in the arduous duties of the same until twenty years of age, receiving only about seven months of schooling until ten years of age. In June, 1861, he enlisted in a company commanded by Captain L. Brecken- ridge, who was with Colonel Fremont in his western expedition, and remained with the same until the following December, when he was captured at Mount Zion. He was ex- changed three days later, and in March, 1862, he joined the Fourth Missouri Battalion un- der Major McFarland in southwest Missouri, and participated in a fight with the Kansas Jayhawkers, in which our subject's company came out victorious. His battalion was con- solidated with Johnson's battalion on the 1st of May, 1862, making the Fourth Missouri Volunteers. Mr. Allen was made Sergeant Major of the regiment, receiving the pro- motion for meritorious conduct at Spring Creek, where he saved the Major's life, and he continued in that position until May, 1863. After the battle of (Corinth, his and the First Battery were consolidated, forming the First Missouri Infantry. At the siege of Vicks- burg Mr. Allen surrendered with his regi- ment July 4, 1863. He then left the service and went to St. Charles, Missouri, where his mother was then living, and resided there from August UTitil September 25, when he went to New York city. He took passage at that point for San Francisco, California, and arrived in that city on the 17th of April, 1864. He be- gan mining, followed it for two years, and then superintended a farm for the same length of time. He also operated a threshing machine and hay-presser, and met with much success in the latter. He returned East in December*, 1868, and was in Missouri from 1869 to 1870, engaged in farming and deal- ing in beef cattle, and also operated a thresh- ing machine. In May, 1871, he started for Texas, remained in Grayson county one month, and from that time until June, 1872, he was in Ellis county. At the last mentioned date he came to Dallas county, engaged in the lightning-rod business, and followed this for eleven years, when he engaged in the manu- facture of endless-chain pumps and in the gro- cery business. Mr. Allen was married Janu- ary 14, 1873, to Miss Mary Moss, daughter of A. Moss, and shortly afterward settled in Dallas, where he followed his business until November 27, 1884. While a resident of that city his liberality and warm hospitality was well known. At the above mentioned date he moved to his farm, which he had purchased in 1882, and which consisted of 320 acres of wild land, and he now has one of the finest farms in the county. He has a large, square residence, two-stories in height, and the lovely lawn surrounding it is dotted here HiarOBY OF DALLAS COUNT T. 931 and there with shrubs and ornamental trees. Mr. Allen is quite deeply interested in stock- raising, horses and cattle, and among the tor- mer has some fine trotters. He and Mrs. Allen are members of the First Methodist Episcopal Church of Dallas, of which he has been Trustee for ten years. To this marriage were born nine children, five surviving; James William, Maud Olive, Martam, Sims and Mary Stevens. Effie, the eldest child, died when ten years of age, and three died in infancy. Aside from his exten- sive farm Mr. Allen owns considerable prop- perty in Dallas, land in Johnson county and mineral wells. j^LAUDE A. COUR, secretary of the foK Dallas Fair and Exposition Association, W^ also Alderman of the Seventh Ward of Dallas, was born in Fort Wayne, Indiana, November 29, 1858, a son of C. T. A. and Ann G. E. (Marshall) Cour, the father a native of the northern part of France, and the mother of Indiana. The parents were married in Piqua, Ohio. The lather was a merchant by occupation, but is now retired, and is well and favorably known, being a pioneer of forty years' standing of that city. They are members of the Catholic Church. Twelve children were born to this union, ten boys and two girls, of whom our subject was the third in order of birth. The lives of these good old people tell of the true courage of man and woman, who planted new homes in the land where the savages still roamed; who by the physical vigor of body and of limb felled the forest and subdued it to the plow, and the tireless thrift which would be content with nothing short of the brightest civilization and the broadest enlightenment. To all such the present generation owes a debt of gratitude which can hardly be com- puted. The subject of this sketch was educated in the Notre Dame, and also in Fort Wayne, Indiana. After completing his education he was engaged in business with liie father several years before coming to Texas, as accountant and stenographer. He came to this city in 1879, being the first stenographer who held an office in this city, and was en- gaged in various business houses until 1886, when the Fair and Exposition was inaugu- rated. Mr. Cour has been with this orccani- zation since its conception, and has been its secretary the past four years. He has done much to bring it to its present high standing, being now one of the most phenomenal suc- cesses of all fairs in the State. They have about 300,000 visitors, which speaks of its success and popularity as a growing institu- tion, and an important enterprise of the city. They have a plant which cost, in the way of location, improvement, etc., about $500,000. The president of the company is J. E. Snider; secretary, C. A. Cour; vice-president, J. N. Simpson; and treasurer, J. S. Armstrong. The Fair and Exposition is open from Octo- ber 17 to October 30, inclusive. The author- ized capital of the Dallas Fair and Exposition is $100,000, and is on a solid footing in every particular. Mr. Cour is keenly alive to the benefit of all the important enterprises of the city, and stands well to the front in all such that promises good to the community. He was elected Alderman of the Seventh Ward in 1892, takes an interest in politics, and is in every way a worthy and esteemed citizen. He was married in 1882, to Miss Mary Agnes Andrews, a daughter of Charles and Susan Andrews, of Quincy, Illinois, and originally 932 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. from Alexandria, Pennsylvania The father was killed in the late war, being a soldier from Illinois, and the mother died in 1868. Mrs. Cour has one sister living, Susan An- drews, a resident of St. Louis. Our subject and wife have bad three children : George E., Mary E. and Claude A. Both parents are members of the Catholic Church. Mr. Cour is a man of great push and energy, and has ever been one of those public-spirited citizens BO necessary to the progress of any com- munity. [EORGE L. McFALL, a planter, Dun- canville, Dallas county, Texas, has re- sided here since 1875. He is a native of Maury county, Tennessee, born February 5, 1816, son of Thomas and Elizabeth (Furge- son) McFall. His father was a native of Georgia and of Scotch- Irish ancestry, while his mother was born in North Carolina, of "Welsh descent. They moved to Tennessee at an early period, and subsequently located in southern Kentucky, where they passed the residue of their lives and died at a ripe old age. George L. spent his youth on the farm and received his education in subscription schools that were held in the primitive log school houses of that period. He remained with his parents till he was eighteen years of age, when be engaged in the mercantile business in Kentucky, which business he followed there for eight years. He was married in July, 1844, to Miss Sally Ann Burnett, a native of Kentucky and a daughter of B. J. and Leslie (Moore) Burnett, natives of Vir- ginia and of English descent. In 1840 Mr. McFall went to Louisiana, where he was em- ployed as agent on a sugar plantation for fif- teen years. In 1861 he enlisted as private in the array, and served for a titne iu Louisi- ana. He was subsequently promoted to First Lieutenant of a Texas company and took charge of prisoners that had been captured from General Banks at the battle of Mansfield. He remained in the service until the close of the war, after which he located in Louisiana. From there he came to Dallas county, Texas, and purchased 400 acres of wild land tea miles southwest of Dallas, and went to work in true pioneer style in improving his land and making a home. A visit to his fine farnx with its well cultivated acres, its large peach orchard and its beautiful residence and at- tractive grounds, will convince one that his efforts have not been in vain. Indeed, his home is one of the finest in the county. Mr.and Mrs McFall have had three children. The oldest died at the age of eight years and the other two died in infancy. Mr. McFall is associated with the Farmers' Alliance. He is one of the influential citizens of this com- munity, and is highly respected by all who know him. His wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. W. OVERTON was born on the old Overton homestead in Dallas county Texas, April 6, 1859, youngest son of W. P. Overton, of whom mention is made on another page of this volume. He was reared on the farm and received a common- school education. He remained at home as- sisting his parents on the farm until he at- tained his majority. He was married May 11, 1881, to Miss Polly Willick, a native of Wisconsin and a daughter of William and Sophia (Weapot) Willick. Her parents were natives of Germany, were married in the old country and came to the United States, first BISTORT OF DALLAS COUlSTy. 933 settling in Wisconsin and later in Illinois. After a residence of twelve years in the latter State they came to Texas; subsequently re- turned to Illinois and a short time later came back to Texas. Mr. Willick died in Texas in 1876, and his wife in 1888. After his marriage Mr. Overton settled on his present farm, 100 acres of improved land, all under a high state of cultivation, and here he has since been engaged in farming and stock- raising. He and bis wife are the parents of of four children, three of whom are living: Carl Perry, Albert Lee and Cassie. Freddie Alvin died when eighteen months old. ^. ^ AVID WATERS is the fortunate pos- sessor of a fine farm of 500 acres and is a progressive, wide-awake farmer and is actively alive to the issues of the day. He is a son of Daniel and Mary (Brown) Waters: the former is a native of Mississippi, who moved to Arkansas in an early day and from there to Texas, where he died, in 1861, at the age of forty years. He was a farmer and stock-raiser by occupation, and in politics was a Democrat. He and his wife became the parents of the following children: David; Mattie, now the wife of Mr. Duncan of An- gelo; and Daniel, who is married and lives on a farm belonging to the subject of this sketch. The latter was born in Dallas county, Texas, in 1856, but in early childhood was taken to Missouri, and when five years of age ins father died. In 1863 his mother married a second time, becoming the wife of Samuel Jones, and David remained with them until he was thirteen years of age. He then re- turned to Dallas county, and when he reached this section he had but 25 cents and was poorly clothed. He first secured emyloyment with A. Dawdy, and in a few years he had accu- mulated enough means to buy forty acres of land, after which he began farming, stock- raising and trading. In 1875 he was married to Miss Sarah Sawyer, who was born in Missouri, in 1859, but their union was consummated in Texas, to which State she came to make a home with her uncle, W. Flemming. She has borne her husband seven children: Melvina,Metta, Will- iam, Lee, Fred, Wood and Myrtle. Mr. Waters is identitied with the 1. O. O. F. He has al- ways been interested in the public welfare and as a farmer is considered thrifty and cap- able. He has 250 head of horses and cattle and has always been interested in stock rais- ing. His wife is an earnest member of the Christian Church. ~'^/^^^^■^^^^^^ LFRED BYRON FLOYD, a frugal, en- terprising farmer and one of the county's law-abiding and progessive citizens, was born in Illnois, in 1848, and while an in- fant was brought to Texas by his parents, with whom he remained until he was twenty- eight years of age. He then engaged in farm- ing and stock-raising for himself, in which business he has since continued. After the death of his brother David, he purchased his farm of the heirs, at once took possession, and this has been his home ever since. In 1876 he was married to Miss Katie Bass, a a native of Texas and daughter of D. S. and Emeline Bass, who were born in the famous blue grass region of old Kentucky, from which State they moved to Texas, first locating in Freestone county, later in Henderson county and from there to Dallas county, in 1868. Mr. Bass departed this life in 1878, and, hav- 934 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. ing been a useful citizen, active in his sup- port of charitable enterprises and thoroughly honorable in every particular, his death was a source of deep regret to his family and numerous friends. His widow now resides near Hutchins. A family of seven children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Floyd: Lillian E., born Janu- ary 10, 1878; Leslie D. was born December l,"l878; Lela, born March 5, 1880; the fourth child died in infancy; Essie May was born November 17, 1884; Vera N. was born February 19, 1888; and Stella E., July 16, 1890. Mr. Floyd's industry has been re- warded by the accumulation of a competency for him in his declining years, notwithstand- ing his having lost heavily by fire a few years since. He is a supporter of the principles of Democracy but gives his preference to the good character of the candidate, at the ex- pense of the party. fACKSON BELL, a well known farmer and stock-raiser residing in precinct No. 5, has been identified with the interests of Dallas county, Texas, since October 20, 1854. Mr. Bell dates his birth in Lee county, Virginia, January 28, 1822. He was the seventh son and the ninth child in the family of eleven children of Dalton and Margaret (McCowen) Bell, the former a native of Eng- land and the latter of Scotland. Her parents were married in the old country and a few years afterward emigrated to America and settled in Virginia. The father was a Bap- tist minister, and besides preaching the gos- pel was engaged in the manufacture of spin- ning wheels. In 1824 he moved westward with his family and settled in Monroe county, Indiana, where he turned his attention to agricultural pursuits. He died there in 1832, and his wife passed away three years later. The children were all at home and unmarried at the time their parents died, and ten of them lived to be grown, Jackson being the only one now living. After the death of his par- ents he was bound out to learn the carpenter's trade, and served an apprenticeship of nine years and three months. At the end of that time he engaged in business for himself, and continued thus employed in Indiana until 1854. June 11, 1843, Mr. Bell was married to Miss Esther J. Fatten, a native of Wythe county, Virginia, and a daughter of Henry and Katy (Grub) Patton. She went to In- diana with her parents when a child, and before she was grown her mother died and her father was subsequently married to a second wife, the children by his lirst marriage finding homes for themselves elsewhere. On the 11th day of September, 1854, Mr. Bell, accompanied by his wife and three chil- dren, started for Texas, and made the journey in a wagon drawn by horses, arriving in Dallas county on the 20tli of October. While en route to this State they lost their eldest daughter and buried her at Preston, on the Red river. At first Mr. Bell rented a farm near Hutchins and afterward one near where he has since lived. In 1869 he purchased forty- two acres of wild land and has since cultivated it. Besides this he has 1,200 acres in Bachel county, which he pre-empted as a stock ranch. All these years he has been extensively engaged in stock-raising, and for fifteen years has been raising sheep, which industry has proved a profitable one. During the war Mr. Boll served in the Confederate army for nearly a year. In June, 1S68, lie HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 935 was taken with a spinal disease and was tluis disabled from active duty. Of the nine children born to Mr. and Mrs. Bell, seven are still living. Margaret Eliza- beth died at the age of ten years; Joseph Henry is a resident of Brown county, Texas; James Simon resides in this county; the others are, Mary Catherine, Indiana, Jane, Esther Laura and Robert Ephraim. Mr. Bell is in politics a Democrat, and he and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. ^JIAELES S. SWINDELLS, notary and Tf. and book-keeper for Pitman & Harri- fi sou, is a native of Dallas county, born August 25, 1865. His parents were John and Minerva H. (Crutchtield) Swindells, na- tives of New York and Kentucky, respect- ively. The father, who was a printer all his life, came from Norfolk, Virginia, to Dallas, Texas, in 1852, and bought an interesi in the Dallas Herald, buying it for Mr. Latimer. He was connected with this paper, having several successive partners until 1875, when he sold his interest to Messrs. Fox, John F. Elliott and Hall, and then traveled for the Herald for some time. In 1876 he was elected to carry the electoral vote of Texas to Washington. He had several opponents, but defeated them. During the war he served as Adjutant of the regiment for a time. He was Executive Clerk in the office under Governor Hubbard, of Texas, serving dur- ing his term of office. He was Assistant Secretary of the Fifteenth Legislature; and was Calendar Clerk of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Legislatures. He was in the Comptroller's (State) office for two years; and later on was appointed Chief Clerk of the Insurance Statistics and History- Department of the State, dying while serving in this capacity in October, 1884, aged fifty- nine. He was a member of the Episcopal Church. The parents of his wife were Thomas F. and Francis Crutchtield, of Ken- tucky, most worthy people, and many of their virtues are transmitted to their grandchildren who were nine in number, as follows: Eugene W., resident of Dallas, traveler for Dorsey & Company, dealers in printers' supplies. He had the contract for State printing for a num- ber of years, and had the largest printing office in the State at that time. He is a man of good business qualitications. The next child is Fannie B., wife of Ben W. Austin; our subject; Archie K., connected with the Crescent News Company; LoUie Nellson, a school girl of Dallas. The remainder died in infancy. The mother is still living, aged tiftytwo, is an accomplished lady and a mem- ber of the Episcopal Church. Our subject was educated, for the most part, in the printing office, attending business college several terms, at Austin and Dallas. He worked in the printing office most of the time until he was twenty-three years of age, except during two sessions of the Legislature, the Sixteenth and Seventeenth, when he was page in the Senate. He was a special favor- ite with many of the leading Senators. Leaving the printing office he engaged in the real-estate business until January, 1892, when he began keeping books for the firm of Pitman & Harrison, and has continued at this business ever since. He was married in April, 1888, to Miss Mamie T. Snodgrass, whose parents died when she was quite young. She was reared by her aunt, Mrs. Jennie Blair, of Dallas. Mr. and Mrs. Swindells have two children, 936 HISTORY OP DALLAS GOUNTT.] the pride and joy of their parents' lives, viz.: Minnie H. and Marguerite Annis. Mr. Swindells is a member of the First Presbyterian Church of Dallas. He takes a warm interest in Democratic politics. He is a man who is largely self-educated, but is most thorough and competent in business and cal- culations. He occupies a high position in the community. His father was a celebrated man before him, as the publisher of the Herald, which had the largest circulation of all papers in the State for years. He was ever keenly alive to the interests of Dallas, and had much to do in the shaping of the legislation of the city; and what the city of Dallas is to-day is mainly due to his efforts. It would not stand to reason that a son of so intelligent a man, who was noted for his business ability, would not occupy a prominent place in the history of Dallas; and that he is destined to do, to judge by present indications. fOSEPH W. JOHNSON, of Garland, Dallas county, was born in Cherokee county. North Carolina, March 28, 1840, a son of Wesley Johnson, a native of North Carolina. He was a farmer by occupation, and lived in his native State until 1865, when he moved to Yell county, Arkansas, where lie died at the age of sixty-three j'ears. His wife, nee Sallie Black, was born in Bun- combe county. North Carolina, and died in Yell county, Arkansas, at the age of seventy- seven years. She lived to see her children reach years of maturity, and all married except one, who is deceased. Their chil- dren were as follows: John; Robert; Susan, wife of "Woodford Bumgomer; Burton, de- ceased; George; Jane, wife of M. D. Kim- brough; Thomas; Joseph; Margaret, wife of Mansell West; James; Vandever, deceased; and Melissa, wife of Thomas Noblet, deceased. Joseph W., our subject, moved to Georgia when a young man, where he remained until after the war. He enlisted in the Third Bat- talion of Georgia, and served from June, 1861, until the surrender of Lee, and was promoted Second Sergeant of his company. At the close of the war he returned home, and later moved to Yell county, Arkansas, where he engaged in farming eight years. He next moved to Texas, landing in Dallas county, March 5, 1878, and settled five miles east of Garland, on Kowlet creek. After one year he moved to near Garland, rented a farm two years, and afterward purchased ninety acres three miles northwest of this place. He has since added 106 acres more to his first purchase, and now has a farm of 200 acres of well improved land. Mr. Johnson was married August 30, 1856, to Elizabeth Black, who was born in Coke county, Tennessee, June 1, 1846, the fifth in a family of twelve children of Alex- ander Black. The latter was born in Nortli Carolina in 1820, and moved to Tennessee when a young man, where he was married to Miss Mary Clark, who was born in March, 18 — . He then went to Georgia, and later entered the army, in Company C, Twenty- Sixth Regiment, and served two years; next he went to Middle Tennessee, where he re- mained one year; then to Yell county, Ar- kansas, where he died, at the age of sixty-three years; his widow is still living, at the age of seventy-two years. Mr. and Mrs. Johnson have had twelve children, viz.: Sidney, James K., Fannie (deceased), John W., Duke, Cord, Mary, Joseph, Columbus A. (deceased), Sallie, Samuel and Henry C. Mr. and Mrs. John- son are both members of the Baptist Church. HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNT T. 937 Mr. Johnson is now forty-one years of age, and Las accumulated enough of this world's goods to enable liim to spend the renaainder of his days in comfort. miLLIAJVl J. LITTLE, a farmer of 11 Dallas county, was born in Shelby ^\ county, Illinois, October 25, 1834, a son of John Little, also a native of Illinois. The latter moved to Texas in 1835, lauding in Montgomery county, but took a claim of 4,444 acres in Dallas county, and died on his way from Anderson county to this large tract of land. The farm was sold to the adminis- trator, and the children received but a small portion of this large body of fine land. Mr. Little died in July, 1854. and his wife, nee Bettie Bateman, born July 6, 1807, died at the age of fifty years. They were the par- ents of ten children, namely: Pressie A., wife of J. M. Spillers; Bollie, now Mrs. S. B. Owens; Abral; Elizabeth J., wife of William Grove; William J.; John M. ; Nancy, wife of William Bryant; Riley T., who was killed in the war; Bertha M., wife of Bishop Compton; Sarah C, wife of Ed Herring. William J., after the death of his father, brought the children to Dallas county, where he took care of them until their marriage. After his marriage Mr. Little pre-empted 160 acres of land, which he improved, but after five years sold this place and moved to where he now lives. He saved 197 acres out of his father's large tract, to which he after- ward added 160 acres more, and he now has 700 acres of well improved land. He also followed stock-raising, but of late years has abandoned that occupation, and his entire farm is now managed by his son. Mr. Little was married October 14, 1855, to Miss Rose Amos, who was born June 6, 1842, in Vir- ginia. Her father, Joseph Amos, moved from Virginia to Texas in 1850, and died in Parker county, at the age of seventy yeai'S. His wife, nee Sophia Davis, died at the age of forty years. Mr. and Mrs. Amos had ten children, viz. : Thomas J., deceased; Elizabeth, who died when young; Martha, who also died in infancy; Mary, wife of John Curtis; Rosana, now Mrs. William J. Little; Sarah, wife of James Milton; Jane; Eliza, wife of AVilliam Wheeler; Nancy, wife of William Brown. Mr. and Mrs. Little are the parents of seven children: Martha, wife of John Bolding; Riley T. ; Mary, wife of Wilbor Williams; Rosa, wife of Fletcher Warren; Lillie, now Mrs. Perish Horn; Lula and Minnie. Mrs. Little is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. F. CARSON, Deputy Sheriif of Dal- las, was born in Greene county, Ten- * nessee, a son of David and Margaret (Phillips) Carson, natives of Virginia and Tennessee. The family removed from Ten- nessee to Dallas in 1880, and in 1889 to Childress county. The father was a farmer by occupation, and was a soldier in the late war, having served as a private in the De- partment of the Gulf. He was well and favorably known as an upright and worthy citizen. He has done his part in opening up the frontier, and preparing the way for the race of a higher civilization and progress. He is now seventy-eight years of age, and his wife died at the age of sixty-seven years. They were the parents of nine children, six of whom still survive: J. A., who married Miss Jennie Simmons, and they now reside on a farm near Childer; T. F., our subject; 938 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. C. L., a farmer of this connty; Porter, also a farmer by occupation; Sarah, wife of C. E. Mc Arthur, of Dallas county, and Mattie, wife of J. F. Huffminer, of Potter county, Texas. The remaining children died in early childhood. The subject of this notice was engaged in farming until 1886, when he bcffan work in the Sheriff's office, under W. H. Lewis, where he still continues. lie has discharged the duties of the office faithfully, and if elected to that position will undoubtedly render the county a faithful and honest service. Mr. Carson is in sympathy with the progress of the community in every line of advancement, and thus far has had a career marked by promising and commendable qualities. l^ON. P. H. GULDEN.— The varied ex- llj^ periences of this gentleman are inter- *^((| esting, and are a tine example of the ready adaptability of Americans, when tiiey desire to do so, to fit themselves for any posi- tion. He is the present nominee for the Legislature, made so by both the Clark and Hocrg: divisions in convention assembled in Dallas, July 19, 1892. He is also president of the State Federation of Labor of the State of Texas. This gentleman was born in New Orleans, July 19, 1846, and it is a coincidence that he received his nomination for the Legislature on the forty-sixth anniversary of his birth. His parents were Edward and Elizabeth (Hale) Golden, both natives of Donegal county, Ireland. They were born, reared and married in their native country. The father was a painter, and came to America in 1843, to New Orleans the following year, where he remained until tJie war. He then enlisted as a private in the Fourteenth Louisiana Infantry, in 1861. He served until the battle of Gettysburg, when he was killed, aged forty-three. He served from the first until his death. His wife had died in 1859, aged thirty-six, and both of them were members of the Catholic Church. Our subject is the only remaining member of his family, the others having died. He was educated in the public schools of New Orleans. He began learning his father's trade when he was but yet a boy, in 1860, and has followed that trade a good part of his life, although he has followed other call- ings, among which was that of locomotive fireman for three and one-half years. He came to Texas in January, 1870, and to Dallas April, 1886, and has continued to reside here ever since. He has declined twice before to run for this same office, but the laboring classes would not be satisfied, and so unanimously nominated him, although he had made no personal canvass. Mr. Golden was married November 23, 1878, to Miss Mary E. Scoby, daughter of Matthew Scoby, who was born in Texas in 1822, and whose father, liobert Scoby, was married in Brazoria county, Texas, September 5, 1821, to Miss Mary L. Fulcher, sister of Church Fulcher, of Texas, by whom he had five children, viz.: Andrew W., born August 12, 1824; Matthew, born January 2, 1826; Elizabeth, born January 2, 1828; Mary J., born August 6, 1832, and Robert Scoby. The grandfather died September 3, 1855, and his daughter Elizabeth is the only one of the family now living. Mr. Robert Scoby, Sr.. came to Texas with Austin and his first three hundred. Mrs. Golden is one of five children, viz.: Matthew, a farmer, unmarried, residing in Gonzales county, Texas; Mary E. (Mrs. Gol- HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. 939 den); M. E., wife of George E. Miiiuix, of Galveston, Texas; Anna, wife of S. A.Young, a farmer of Hale county, Texas; Robert, a farmer, married and living in Missouri county, Texas. Mr. and Mrs. Golden have three promising and bright children, viz.: Henry Edmund, born November 20, 1879; Patrick Neil, born October 7, 1882; John Dempsey, born No- vember 30, 1887. Our subject is a day laborer, a painter by trade, and has made much of opportunity, depending upon his own resources from an eai'ly age. At the same time he has been a close student, watching closely the trend of events. He is a ready writer and a fluent speaker on his favorite subjects, and has met the reward of industry, perseverance and a desire to improve himself and better the con- dition of the laboring masses. He has made the labor question a study for twenty-seven years. He joined tlie Painters' Union in 1865, and has been a member of the organi- zation ever since, and is also a member of the Knights of Labor. He has been an officer, was District Master Workman of the Texas Knights of Honor, and this is his fourth term as president of the State Federa- tion of Labor, having been elected unani- mously, each time by a rising vote. He de- serves all the honors heaped upon him by his fellow-workmen. JILLIAM M. KINNARD, postoffice, 'fiW -'-'^^^O'l' Dallas county, Texas, was born in Bedford county, Tennessee, September 30, 1849, son of W. M. and Elizabeth C. (Smith) Kinnard. His father, a native of Pennsylvania and of Scotch an- cestry, went to Tennessee and was there mar- ried, his wife being a native of that State. Her father, Thomas Smith, went from. Vir- ginia to Tennessee and was among the iirst settlers of Nashville. Mr. Kitinard followed farming there until 1851, when he emigrated to Dallas county, Texas. Here he followed the saddler's trade for five years in Dallas. In 1856 he purchased 200 acres of wild land, which he improved, and on which he was engaged in farming the rest of his days. His death occurred in 1867. To him and his wife three children were born, William M. being the only surviving one. Mrs. Kinnard still resides on the homestead with her son, who manages the farm. They are members of the Christian Church. HALEM E. SCOTT, a member of the lirm of Beaver, Scott & Williams, of Garland, was born in Shelby county, Tennessee, in 1833, a son of E. G. and Cynthia (Elkin) Scott. The father moved to Illinois ill 1838, settling at Mount Vernon, where he engaged in farming; in 1858 he removed to Dallas county, Missouri; in 1868 to Oregon county, same State, and remained there until his death, which occurred in 1886, at the aoe of sixty-eight years. He was blind for thirty years and for the last eighteen or twenty years of his life conducted a successful mercantile business at Pinckneyville, Oregon county, Missouri. He was three times married, first to the mother of our subject, and by this union there were four children, viz.: W. F., deceased; Elizabeth, deceased, wife of David Taylor, of Missouri; S. E., our subject; and Angeline, deceased. The mother died in 1836, and two years later the father married Lucy, a sister of his first wife, and to this union was born one child, Harriet, now de- 940 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. ceased. Mrs. Scott died in 1844, and about 1847 Mr. Scott married again, and had one child, Virginia, now tlie wife of Mr. Crumb, of Kansas. During iiis life Mr. Scott was a strict Democrat, and was actively identified with that party, but would never accept an office at the hands of his friends. His son, "W. F. Scott, M. D., was a soldier in the war with Mexico, and served in the division that went to Santa Fe, New Mexico, and partici- pated in several engagements with the Mexi- cans. He differed from his father politically during the late war, as he was First Lieuten- ant in the United States army, and served throughout the war. At the close of the war he returned home and commenced the study of medicine, and before his death had secured a large and lucrative practice at Elbia, Illinois, where his family now reside. fT. DUNCAN, a prominent stock-dealer, who has l)een a resident of Dallas ® county, Texas, since the fall of 1874, was born in Anson county, North Carolina, May 24, 1844. His parents, John and Eliza- beth (Cayson) Duncan, were descendants of Scotch and English ancestry, and were na- tives of North Carolina. The Duncan family moved to Mississippi in 1848, and settled in De Soto county, where the father engaged in farming, and where he and his wife lived the rest of their days. Of their eleven children ten lived to be grown, and seven still survive. During the war, in 1862, the father died while on his way to see his son who was wounded in Denmark, Tennessee. The father and three of the family died within four weeks. He was fifty-six years old at the time of his death. The mother survived him one year, dying at the age of fifty, her death being hastened by troubles caused by the late war. J. T. Duncan was reared on a farm, and received his education in the common schools. He remained at home until June 1, 1863, when, at the age of eighteen years, he enlisted in Company I, Duff's battalion. Going out with a scouting company, he was captured near Bolivar, Tennessee, and was confined in prison in Alton, Illinois. During his im- prisonment his mother died. He was there about six weeks. Then, on account of illness, he returned to his home for a short time. Rejoining his command. Duff's battalion, at Chulahuma, Mississippi, he participated in many important engagements and served until the close of the war. Of the family, three brothers were in the army, one died and the others were wounded. After hostilities ceased, Mr. Duncan re- turned to Mississippi and engaged in farming. He was married January 12, 1869, to Miss Mattie A. Terry, a native of Tippah county, Mississippi, and a daughter of Asbury and Winnie (Graton) Terry, who were from South Carolina and of Irish, Scotch and English descent. He continued farming in Missis- sippi until 1869. Then he went to Drew county, Arkansas, and resided there until 1874, when he came to Dallas county, Texas. He purchased eighty-six acres of partially improved land, three miles west of Dallas, where he lived until the spring of 1889. Besides his home, he has a lauded estate of 293 acres. In 1889 he sold his home and purchased three acres, where he now resides. His residence, a commodious two-story one, 30 X 38 feet, with 92 feet of gallery, he erect- ed in 1889. It is built in modern style and contains ten rooms. Mr. and Mrs. Duncan have had two chil- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 941 dren: Charlie Peroie, deceased, and John Asbury, who is now attending school at Georgetown. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. [ENERAL R. M. GAISTO, a worthy and influential business man and minister in the Christian Church; director in the Bankers and Merchants' National Bank, also vice president in the Estado Land and Cattle Company, was born in Bourbon county, Kentucky, June 18, 1830. His par- ents were John A. and Mary C. (Conn) Gano, both natives of Kentucky. The father was a minister of the gospel for fully sixty years. He had a remarkable good record as an active, popular, devout minister and worthy man. He baptized fully 10,000 per- sons, laboring chiefly in Kentucky, but also in Missouri, Louisiana, Tennessee and Ohio. He was widely and extensively known in the greater portion of the above States, especially in Cincinnati, Ohio. Upon conversion, which occurred in early manhood, he immediately took a working place in the church of which he became a member. His manliness, deep religious sense of duty, his truthfulness, his practical skill in conducting whatever might be entrusted to him, his magnetic cheerful- ness and beautiful selfrrenunciation all com- bined to make him almost the idol of his par- ishioners, acquaintances and family. He died in 1871, aged eighty-two. His wife was the daughter of Captain William Conn, who was reared in Kentucky, and fought through all the Indian wars of that State, also in the war of 1812, and was a man of popularity, wealth and ability, dying from the effects of a fall in the eighty-eighth year of his life. He had been a member for over sixty years of the 61 Christian Church. His daughter, mother of our subject, died in 1891, at the age of eighty years. She was also a devoted member of the Christian Church for sixty-five years, and was a model woman of deep religious pi- ety and great breadth of usefulness. She en- tered into the work of her husband with all the strength of her cultivated intellect, and with all the fervor of her warm, loving heart. For years she proved herself a helpmate, in- deed. Her hand was ever open to give help, while her warm heart was ever ready to be- stow sympathy on those who needed it. These parents had twelve children, three of whom died in infancy, and only two are now living, our subject and John A., a younger brother who resides at Taylor, Texas, engaged in the real-estate business. Our subject received his literary education at Bethany College, Brooks county. West Virginia, graduating from there in 1847, and graduated in a medical course from the Medical College at Louisville, Kentucky, in 1849. He practiced medicine for about eight years in Iventucky, Baton Rouge, Louis- iana and Texas, coming to the last named place in 1857, settling in Tarrant county. He represented that county in the Legislature during the sessions of 1860-'61. He intro- duced and carried through an important bill on frontier protection, and was quite active in the floor discussions relating to the stock interests and other important measures. He resigned his seat in the Legislature to enter the Confederate States army, enlisting Janu- ary. 1862, and served during the war, act- ively until the surrender. He started as a Captain of a squadron of cavalry and served in the army of the Tennessee with Colonel John H. Morgan, and rose through the ranks of Major and Colonel to that of Brigadier General. He was in forty-two engagements 943 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. while in the army of the Tennessee, cotn- menciiicr in the spring of 1863, with the bat- tle of Chattanooga. He was removed to the Mississippi department, under General Kirby Smith, and was placed in command of the Texas cavalry, on Red river, with two bat- teries of artillery. He was in seventy-two engagements, but was never taken prisoner. His left arm was broken by a gunshot wound, his body grazed and his clothing pierced by half a dozen bullets. While in service he had five horses shot under him, three of whom were killed. In all his engagements he was successful, except in four. He was recommended to General Breckenridge, Sec- retary of War, for the rank of Major General, but Richmond fell before the commission, which had been ordered, had been issued. The war closing, he settled in Dallas county in 1865, and embarked in farming and stock-raising. He made a profession of his faith, in 1840, and has been a member of the church for over fifty-two years. In July, 1866, he began his labors in the ministry of the Christian Church and has been very suc- cessful, having baptized about 4,000 people, besides establishing a large number of churches. He has been successful, also, in worldly matters, making a success of what- ever he touched, as he made money in real estate, farming, stock-raising and banking. He has probably imported more fine blooded stock into the State than any other one man. He now owns an interest in one of the finest ranches of the county, and is building up a harness-horse ranch in Dallas county. General Gano is one of the honored pio- neers of Dallas, Texas, and one of the streets of that beautiful city is named for him. from this sketch it will be seen that he is a man of successful business tact, ever lending aid to anything tending to improve the lovely city of his adoption. He is intensely loyal to the church of his choice, steadily upholding her doctrines and usages, giving liberally, both in time and means, to her in- stitutions. He was married, in March, 1853, to Miss Margaret, daughter of Dr. Thomas Welch, of Crab Orchard, Kentucky, who was a prac- ticing physician for many years. He is the father of Dr. Samuel and Colonel W. G. Welch, both prominent in their professions of medicine and law, respectively, the former of this city, the latter of Stanford, Kentucky. Mrs. Gano is a cheerful, generous, intelli- gent lady. She graduated in 1851, from the Greenville Institute, with class honors and valedictorian's essay. This institute was un- der the presidency of Prof. Samuel C. Mul- lins, a noted educator of the State. General and Mrs. Gano have had twelve children, to whom they have given their best attention and of whom they are justly proud. They are, William B., John T. (deceased) and Clarence W., sketches of whom will be found in this volume; Samuel W., deceased; Katie M., wife of Dr. H. L. McLaurin of this city; Fanny, deceased; Maurice, graduate of the Kentucky University and of the law department of Texas University, lias entered the practice of law in Dallas, Texas; Emma, graduate of Hamilton College, Kentucky, has taken lessons in voice culture in the Conservatory of Music at Cincinnati, and is an accomplished vocalist; Robert Lee and Sidney Johnston, twins: the former has just entered a partnership with his brother Mau- rice, being a graduate from the same univer- sities as that gentleman, and thoroughly con- versant with all legal points. He is a young man of fine ability and was chosen orator of his class at the Texas University, June, 1891, but was compelled to leave college, April, HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. 943 1891, on acconnt of poor health. The other twin, a graduate of the Philadelphia Medical College, recently entered the practice of med- icine in Dallas, Texas; Frank, deceased: Mat- tie is the youngest of the family, and is an accomplished musician. She and her sister, Miss Emma, are faithful members of the Christian Church, as are also the parents of the surviving children. The success in life which the General has attained, is due to the energy and industry of his nature. He is numbered, socially, re- ligiously and financially with the leading men of Dallas county. I^ON. W. W. LANG, president of the Texas Paper Mill Company, was born in Wayne county, Mississippi, May 15, 1829. His parents were General AYilliam A. and Temple (Thurmaii) Lang, natives of South Carolina. The father was a cotton planter, and was an enterprising and well known man throughout the State. He was a member of the Legislature of Mississippi for Some years, was Captain in Robert F. Haynes" regiment, in the war of 1812, and his death occurred in 1849, at the age of sixty-three years. His wife died in 1857, aged sixty-seven years. They were the parents of five children, of whom our subject is the fourth child. A sister, Janie, widow of Dr. Edward A. Miller, and W. W. Lang, are the only ones of the family now living. She re- sides in Marlin, Falls county, Texas. Cap- tain Willis L. Lang, the youngest child, was shot during the war, nt the battle of Valverde, having been killed in a desperate cavalry charge. General Lang was an active, pro- gressive and thoroughgoing man, and carried the respect of all who knew him. His name was almost a synonym for honesty, integrity and square dealing. He was a man of intense energy, quick in preception, of ready wit, of positive opinions and decisive action. W. W. Lang was prepared for college by the celebrated Dr. John N. Waddle, and he afterward graduated at the Oakland College, Mississippi, in 1848. His brother, Captain Willis L., graduated in the same class, and the first honor was divided between these brothers. In college Willis was better in mathematics than any professor there. He was a man of great intellectual power. After his college days our subject engaged in cotton planting in the South, and in 1860 came to Falls county, Texas, locating on the l^razos river. In September, 1861, he enlisted as First Lieutenant in Company B, Bert Adams' Mississippi regiment. He took part in Wheeler's cavalry, was in most of the battles in the Western army until 1863, when he re- signed and came to Texas. Mr. Lang was promoted to Captain of the company during his services, and many times was in command of the regiment. In 1863 he came to Falls county and joined Elmore's Texas regiment, and was discharged in April, 1865. After the close of the war he superintended his farm until 1874, and in that year was elected Master of the State Grange of Texas, which position he held until 1880. In 1875 he was appointed by Governor Coke to locate the East Branch penitentiary, and the follow- ing year was elected a member of the Texas Legislature, in which he took an active part in debate. In 1880 he was elected Presi- dent of the Southwestern Immigration Company; in 1881 he went to Europe in the interests of that company, and remained until 1884; and in 1885 was appointed Con- sul to Hamburg by President Cleveland, in which position he served until September 1, 944 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 1889. After returning to Texas Mr. Lang located in Dallas and engaged in paper manu- facture. In 1878 his name was presented to the Democratic Convention of the State, for Governor, the combatants being Governor Throckmorton, Mr. Hubbard and W. W. Lang. The result was, neither party could be nominated, and, after 136 ballots, Governor Roberts was chosen. Our subject is now en- gaged in one of the important industries of the city, that of manufacturing paper. The enterprise employs about thirty hands con- tinuously, sometimes reaching as high as forty-tive. Tlie capacity of the mill is eight tons a day, and is operated twelve hours out of twenty-four. They are now engaged in making wrapping paper, but they intend soon to enlarge the mill, and will then also manufacture book and newspaper. Mr. Lang was married June 1, 1853, to Miss Frances Huberta Turner, a daughter of Abner Turner, of Clark county, Alabama. They have four children living: Mary, wife of Dr. M. S. Read, a dentist of Osceola, Texas, and their childi'eii are: Huberta and Jane Turner; Anna L.. wife of Judge John M. Wharton, of Oak Cliff, and their children are: Lang, Catherine and John O.; William A., engaged in the lumber business in Corsi- caiia; and Chaste Temple, who resides with her parents. She is very finely educated, and speaks the I'Vench and German languages flu- ently, as does her brother, William A. Mrs. Lang and daughter are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and Mr. Lang is a member of the Masonic order. The latter is both enterprising and public-spirited, and is doing much in developing this highly favored country which has so many natural advantages. His mill is the only one of the kind in the great southwest, and he is dem- onstrating that the money can be invested here at home, and products made here, thus saving the labor and expense of transpor- tation. In this he has the true idea of economy, in giving employment to the hun- dreds who swell the numbers in the city, en- abling them to have ready work at their own homes. Mr. Lang deservedly stands well in his community as a thoroughgoing, indus- trious, progressive and valued citizen. ENJAMIN E. CABELL, a liveryman of Dallas, was born in Sebastian county, Arkansas, in 1858, a son of General W. A. and A. A. (Rector) Cabell, the former a native of Danville, Virginia, and the latter of Kentucky. The father is now engaged in the real-estate business, was Mayor of Dallas for six or eight years, was United States Marshal for the Northern District of Texas, under Cleveland's administration, and is still an honored resident of Dallas. He is a graduate of West Point, and was a General in the Confederate army. His wife died in 1888, at the age of fifty years. The subject of this sketch, the eldest of five children, has been engaged in mining and prospecting in the Rocky mountains, with sood success. He came to Dallas with his parents in 1872, and began his present business in 1884, in which he has since con- tinued. He keeps the largest stables in the State, and deals in Kentucky and Missouri horses. Mr. Cabell was Deputy United States Marshal during the Cleveland ad- ministration, and is now a candidate for the Sheriff's office of the county, subject to the Democratic nomination in July. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias, of the Knights of Honor, and of the Elks and Woodmen of the World. Our subject is HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 945 thoroughgoing, has an eye to business, and has been a valuable acquisition to the city in his line. He is in the prime of life, and, if elected to the office for which his friends are pressing his claims, will undoubtedly render the county an efiicient service. ^ISHOP COMPTON, an enterprising farmer of Dallas county, Texas, residing near Housley, was born in Monroe county, Kentucky, November 22, 1838. Samuel Compton, his father, was born in South Carolina, February 23, 1809. He went to Kentucky when quite small, and there in after years was married to Miss Keziah Kirby, who was born February 4, 1819. They moved to Texas in 1856, and settled at Pleasant Valley, Dallas county. Ho entered 160 acres of land, now owned by his daughter, Mrs. Sarah J. McClain. Mr. Compton died November 16, 1869, at the age of sixty years and eight months. For fur- ther mention of his family see the sketch of Mrs. Sarah J. McClain. Bishop Compton was sixteen years old when his father moved to Texas. He chose for his wife and wedded Melvina Little, daughter of W. J. Little, a biography of whom appears elsewhere in this work. Their union was blessed with five children: Mary G., Riley, Sarah, S. R. and Lucy Ellen. Mr. Compton was married a second time to Miss Lenorah Hargrove, a native of Murray county, Georgia, born December 22, 1850, daughter of Deven D. and Mary (Wacaser) Hargrove. Her father, a native of Georgia, died in 1867, aged thirty-five years. Her mother is still living. The Hargrove family consisted of six children, viz.: Frances J., who was married to John Ray and afterward to Irwin D. Danals, has since died; Kircheon W.; George W.; Lenorah; DeWitt C, de- ceased; and Byron L. Mr. and Mrs. Compton have two children: Bishop Lee and William Jesse. Mr. Compton has a fine farm of 125 acres where he lives, all fenced and seventy-five acres in cultivation. During the Civil war, he served in the Confederate army, and was in a number of engagements, being most of the time with the forces that operated on the coast. Mrs. Compton is a memlier of the Chris- tian Church. H. WHITAKER, a retired Dallas county farmer, has been a resident of * this county since 1869. He was born in Putnam county, Georgia, April 14, 1829, a son of O. D. and Martha R. (Harris) "Whit- aker. His parents were of English descent, were natives of Georgia and among the old families of that State. Of their nine chil- dren he was the fourth-born, and is one of the four who are now living. He was ten years old when the family moved across the river from West Point into Alabama, and on a farm in that State he was reared and re- ceived a common-school education. His father died in Alabama in 1842, at the age of forty-two years, and his mother departed this life in Georgia, in 1857, aged about fifty years. After the death of his parents, our subject made his home with his elder sister. Mr. Whitaker was married in Alabama, September 2, 1853, to Miss Amanda Gra- ham, a native of South Carolina, daughter of James A. Graham, also a native of that State. She moved from South Carolina to Alabama when a child. After his marriage Mr. Whit- 940 HlSrORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. aker settled in Lowndes county, Alabama, and engaged in agricultural pursuits, remain- ing there until 1869. That year he came to Texas, landing in Dallas connty, November 29, and purchased 133^ acres of wild land. He at once set about making a home and im- proving his farm. He subsequently added to his original purchase nntil his holdings com- prised 288^ acres, and on this property he farmed until 1891, when he retired from ac- tive life. When a yoang man he received an injury, trom which he suffered all his life, and on account of which, in 1890, he had to have his limb amputated below the knee. He and his wife are the parents of four sons. John Henry, the oldest, resides on the old homestead. James A., T. D. H. and Samuel T., are at Oak Cliff. Mr. and Mrs. Whitaker are members of the Christian Church. Politically, he aiSli- ates with the Democratic party. For three years he has acted as presiding ofHcer at elec- tions. He is a self-made man, is well known and much respected. fAMES A. NELSON was born in Marion county, Indiana, January 1, 1842. His father moved to Illinois when James A. was two years old, from there to Iowa, and thence to Missouri, he being reared and edu- cated chiefly in Iowa. When the war came on he enlisted in Company H, Eighth Iowa Cavalry, and was Orderly Sergeant for his company. He served from August, 1863, till August, 1865; during that time he par- ticipated in several battles and skirmishes, among which were the battles of Tunnel Hill, Nashville and Franklin ; was on the march and fonght Joseph E. Johnston on his retreat. In all this service he was neither wounded nor captured. After receiving an honorable dis- charge he returned home. September 22, 1865, he mari-ied Evaliue Foster. They remained in the North until 1870, when they came to Te.xas and settled in the eastern part of Dallas county. The first year he rented a farm, and in 1871 be bought 100 acres of wild land, and at once began im- proving the same according to the Iowa fashion. He has since added to the original purchase and now owns 200 acres of choice land, all being fenced and eighty acres under cultivation. Having little capital when he came here, save his willing hand and deter- mination to succeed, he has met with marked success. He and his wife have a large family, whose names are as follows: Adam R., Will- iam C, Thomas J., James E., George \V., Sarah E., Flora A., Arthur Pumroy, Robert E., John H., Jessie C. and Grady. All are living except two, Adam R. and William C. John J., who was recently married, is the only one not at home. Mr. Nelson's father, Adam R. Nelson, was born in Scott county, Kentucky, December 1, 1817, and went with his father to Indiana, when he was twelve years old. There he was reared, and in 1840 was married to Sarah A. Baldwin, who was born November 9, 1819. In 1844 they moved to Illinois, and thence to Iowa, settling in Appanoose county, where they lived eighteen years. In 1870 he came to Texas with the subject of our sketch. His wife died that same year, aged forty-nine. They were the parents of two children; Jauies A. and Joseph W., the latter dying at the age of two years. The venerable father is still living and makes his home with his son. Mrs. James A. Nelson was born in Ray county, Missouri, February 18, 1847. Her father, John Foster, and her mother, Eliza- beth (Rhoads) Foster, both Kentuckians, were HiaTOUr OF DALLAS COUNTY. 947 born in the years 1808 aud 1810 respectively, and were married in 1828. Her father died when Mrs. Nelson was quite small. The mother lived to be seventy-three years of age, dying in 1882. They had a family of thir- teen children, of whom ten lived to be grown. Their names are: Thomas Foster; Rachel, wife of James E. Linvell; Arthur Foster; Rebecca, deceased; (Jatharine, wife of David Baggs, died, leaving a family of nine chil- dren; Hannah, deceased; Mary, wife of An- drew Swartz, died, leaving seven children; John Foster; Evaline, wife of James A. Nel- son; Angeline, wife of George Regin; Jack- son Foster; Washington Foster. Mr. Nelson belongs to the Masonic fraternity, being a member of Duck Creek Lodge, No. 441, and in politics he is a Jackson Democrat. Mrs: Nelson is a member of the Baptist Church. ^ ^ fAMES HORTON, deceased, was ohd of the prominent pioneers of Dallas county, Texas. He was a native of Virginia, and a sou of Enoch Horton. In 1845 he came to Dallas county and settled on a tract of 320 acres of wild land, which has since been known as the James Horton headright. He at once began the work of improving it, and making a home. From time to time he ac- quired other property, and at his death was the owner of an estate consisting of 4,000 acres of land. Mr. Horton was married in 1851 to Miss Jane Phillips, a daughter of Nimrod Phillips, and after his marriage settled on the home- stead, where he followed farming. Previous to his marriage, he made the overland journey to California, going on horseback in 1849. He was successfully engaged in mining there for a time, returning to Texas in 1851. Until 1857 he followed farming exclusively. At that time he built the Eagle Ford gristmill, in which he was interested the rest of his life. He and his wife were the parents of eight children, three of whom are still living: James, Nuck, and Fanny, wife of R. M. Scripture of this county. He was bereaved by the loss of his wife in 1869. Subsequently lie was united in marriage with Mrs. King, whose maiden name was Morton. By her he had two children, and of these, one (Frank) is still living. Mr. Horton departed this life in 1875. James Horton, son of the above named gentleman, was born in Dallas county, Texas, August 13, 1856. He was reared on his father's farm, remaining on the old homestead until his marriage, which event occurred in 1879, the lady of his choice being Miss Laura Carter. She is a native of Texas, and a daughter of Milton and Sarah (Davis) Carter, who were among the pioneers of Dal- las county. After his marriage Mr. Horton settled on his present farm, which comprises 250 acres. Besides this he has other prop- erty, having a landed estate consisting of 800 acres. His postoffice address is Eagle Ford. Mr. and Mrs. Horton are the parents of seven children, namely: Nuckie, Willis (de- ceased). Ridge, C. B., James, Grant and Liz- zie. Mrs. Horton is a member of the Bap- tist Church. Politically, Mr. Horton affili- ates with the Democratic party. kLEASANT P. HARRIS was born in Greene county, Alabama, August 29, 1848. His father was born in Union district. South Carolina, September 15, 1812, and in 1835 moved to Alabama. In HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. Greene county, that State, he was married to Margaret L. Steel, January 2, 1842. She was born on the 29th of September, 1821, a daughter of Elmer Steel. Mr. Harris moved from Alabama to Mississippi in 1850, and there reared his family. He came to Texas in 1873, making the journey in wagons and being seven weeks en route. The first year rented land, the second year he bought 160 acres, and by tlie third year had his farm im- proved so that he could move to it. Mr. Harris died on the 19th of February, 1883, at the age of seventy-one years. His wife passed away on the 8th of September, 1887, aged sixty-five. The names of their eight children are as follows: Joseph, who died in prison at Elmira, New York; Margaret A., wife of Samuel Hutson; John B., deceased; Pleasant P.; Andrew C; Elizabeth J., wife of Dr. E. H. Ford, of Rockwall; Caroline A.; and Ella P., wife of W. P. Samuels. The subject of our sketch and his sister Caroline are living on the home place, neither having married. They had ten years of sickness in the family and four deaths, and when the father died he left some payments to be made on the farm. Pleasant P. has since settled up all such claims, and he and his sister have improved the place and now have a nice home. Two of their brothers served in the war, and both died. 4= =^ fESSE WRIGHT, a farmer and stock raiser, and another one of the pioneers of Dallas county, has resided here since 1850. He is a native of Tennessee, born ten miles east of Nashville, in 1816, a son of Hanlas Wright, a native of North Carolina, and of English ancestry. His mother's maiden name was Sallie Humphres, and she, too, was a na- tive of North Carolina, born in Davidson county. They were married in that State, and went to Tennessee at an early day, when that country was the frontier of civilization, and on a farm in the latter State they passed the rest of their days. They were the parents of ten children, all of whom lived to be grown; and a tact worthy of record is that they never had a doctor in their home. Of this large family only the subject of our sketch survives. Mr. Wright was reared on the farm, and remained with his parents until he reached his majority. He was married June 27, 1837, to Miss Martha Ann Wright, a native of Tennessee and a daughter of Thomas Wright. After his marriage he lived with his father-in-law and worked at the black- smith ti-ade, a business in which he was very proficient, having picked the trade up and followed it until he emigrated to Texas, in 1850. He came here with horse and mule teams, and as there were few roads and no bridges they were six weeks in making the journey, landing in Dallas county the last of November. He settled on a farm about six miles and a half south of Dallas, on land his fatherin-law had purchased, and continued to work at his trade. He made the irons for two mills, the first mills of importance in the county, and ground grain for the people, some of them coming a distance of fifty miles. When Mr. Wright came here Dallas had two small stores, a rude tavern, and about four residences. He lived with his wife's father until 1860, when he purchased 820 acres of wild land, and as the years rolled by developed it into one of the finest farms in the neigh- borhood, and on it he has since resided. He has assisted in building nearly all the churches in this part of the county, and has contributed HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 949 freelj of his earninj^s toward keeping up re- lifrious meetings and schools. He lias been a member of the Baptist Church for more than a half centnry, and has held the office of Dea- con. His wife was also a member of the church for many years, and was a devoted Christian, possessing many estimable quali- ties that endeared her to a large circle of friends. Her death occurred in 1886, at the age of sixty-five years, and after a happy married life of fifty years. -^^-hTin/b- -ann^~ fOHN M. KIKBY claims Dallas county, Texas, as tlie place of his nativity, the date of his birth being March 6, 1855. On the 26th of February, 1876, he was united in marriage with Miss Rachel T. Coomer. At the time of his marriage he owned a pony and cow, and had bought sixteen acres of land on which he had paid $20, being in debt for the rest. He attended one crop, and his pony and cow both died. Meeting with losses, but not discouraged by them, he went to work with renewed energy to get another start, and his efforts have been crowned with success. He now has a fine farm of 235 acres, well im- proved with good house, barn, etc.; has forty head of cattle and several hoi-ses and mules. Of bis parents, be it recorded that his father, Benjamin C. Kirby, was born in Wayne county, Kentucky; was by trade a stone mason and carpenter; when a young man moved to Missouri, where he was mar- ried to Miss Elizabeth McDonald. In 1853 he moved froin Greenville, Missouri, to Texas and first located in Lamar county. After renting land there two years, he moved in the fall of 1854 to Dallas county, and settled in the northeastern part of the county, where he bought 191 acres of land and improved a farm. The house he then built is standin g to-day — two miles from where John M. lives — and, with the exception of a new roof, is just as his father left it when he died. Mr. Kirby died in 1862, at the age of forty-five years. His wife is still living and is now aged sixty-one years. She was married the second time, to Thomas Collins. By Mr. Kirby she had two children, James F. and John M. Mrs. John M. Kirby was born May 28, 1858. To her parents, Lee and Nancy (Myers) Coomer, were born the following named chil- dren: Margaret, wife of B. C. Kirby; Martha; John B.; Levina, wife of John W. Kirby; Sarah, wife of Riley Little; Rachel T., wife of John M. Kirby; and Lyman, William and Joseph — all living. The father died in 1865, aged sixty-four years. Mr. and Mrs. Kirby have had eight chil- dren, viz.: James F., William Lee, Byron, Parks, Lulie, Joseph P., Bessie and Nancy E. All are living except two. Losing his father when he was seven years old, and having been reared in a new country, Mr. Kirby had only limited educational ad- vantages, but he is in favor of schooling bis children, and does all in his power to have good schools. Mrs. Kirby is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. fOSEPH M. McCORMICK, an attorney of Dallas, was born in Brazoria county, Texas, May 31, 1861, a son of Judge An- drew P. and Mary (Copes) McCormick, also natives of this State. The father was United States District Judge for the Northern District of Texas, receiving the appointment in 1879, and holding the office until in January, 1892. He was recently appointed United States Cir- cuit Judge for the Fifth Circuit by President 950 EI8T0BY OF DALLAS COUNTY. Harrison, is a Republican in his political views, and is well and favorably known over the entire State. The mother of our subject died in 1870, aged twenty-eight years, and the father is now sixty years of age. Joseph McCormick was educated at Bloom- ington, Illnois. having completed a course at the Illinois Wesleyan University, and after- ward read law under John L. Henry, of Dal- las, and a member of the Supreme Bench of the State. Our subject was admitted to the bar in 1881, and now practices in all the courts, from the Supreme Court of the United States down. He was married February 17, 1885, to Miss Mary McCoun, a daughter of John R. McConn, of Kansas City, Missouri. Two children have blessed this union, — Mary and Charles T. Mrs. McCormick is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and her hus- band of the K. of P. The latter has been a delegate to the State conventions many times, was a delegate to the Chicago convention, at which time he voted for General Harrison, and was also a delegate to the Minneapolis convention. miLLlAM T. MILLER, who is pleas- antly and comfortably situated on a nice little farm near Haught's Store, Dallas count}', Texas, came to this State in 1873. He landed here without money and in debt, having borrowed the means with which to come South. Renting a farm on Dutch creek, he went cheerfully to work, being successful in his farming operations and gaining the confidence and respect of his neighbors. After renting land eight years, he bought 100 acres of unimproved land and at once went to work to improve it and make a home. His premises are in good trim, his house, barn, orchard, etc., all giving evidence of prosperity. His property is all paid for and he is out of debt. About fifty acres of his land are under cultivation and all is well fenced. Although he cannot be classed with the old settlers, Mr. Miller has probably seen as much of the rough side of life since he came to Texas as any of the pioneers here. William T. Miller was born in Henry county, Tennessee, March 31, 1848. His father, W. D. Miller, was born in Caswell county, North Carolina, in 1827, and was married in his native State, in 18-17, to Miss Frances J. Baldwin. She was born in North Carolina in 1828. In 1847 they moved to Tennessee and settled in Henry county, where Mr. Miller bought land and engaged in farm- ing. He subsequently sold out and in 1857 moved to Missouri and settled in Ripley county. In 1865, while they were preparing to move back to Tennessee, his wife died aged thirty-seven years. After her death he took his family to Tennessee, and shortly after his arrival there he was taken sick and died, his death occurring in October, 1865, at the age of thirty-eight years. Their nine children, four of whom are living, are as fol- lows: Mary J., wife of Perry Ragstal; Will- iam T. Miller, the subject of our sketch; James V.; Henry; Eliza, wife of Richard Furgeson; Alexander B. ; Rufus, Amos and Zachariah. After his father's death, William T. found homes for his brothers and sisters and he went to work on a farm by the month and helped to support them, continuing thus employed for five years. January 1,1870, Mr. Miller married Miss Frances E. Barton, who was born March 3, 1854. Her father, J. B. Barton, was a native of Graves county, Kentucky, born in 1827. On the 4th of July, 1848, he wedded Miss Florence Pachtoll. She is still living and makes her home with her children in Texas; HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 951 is now sixty-three years of age. Mr. Barton died in 1859, at the age of thirty-two. Six children were born to them, viz.: Elisha; Nancy J., wife of Green PachtoU, is now de- ceased; Frances E., wife of W. T. Miller; Sarah E., who died when quite young; and James A. and Brooks. Mr. and Mrs. Miller have never had a death in their family. The names of their ten children are: Leroy Q., Lorenzo, Westward B., Idaho, William W., Nancy Dell, Emma M., Sarah F., Maggie E. and Allen. He and his wife are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. jMBROSE C. NEW, a prominent and much respected citizen of Dallas county Texas, residing near Mesquite, is a native of Indiana, born in Hancock county, November 28, 1814. He went to Iowa with his father in 1854, and in that State received his education. He has been engaged in teach- ing ever since 1864 with the exception of two winters — teaching during the winter and farming in summer. In 1865 he attended a Quaker college in Indiana. He has all his life devoted much time to general reading, is well posted on the topics of the day and is an entertaining converser. After his marriage he came to Texas, and here he has continued the profession of teaching, together with agri- cultural pursuits. He owns an eighty-acre farm near Mesquite, has it well improved and under a high state of cultivation. Mr. New comes from Virginia ancestry, his father, Daniel New, having been born in the Old Dominion, October 12, 1789. In 1811 he was married to Elizabeth Ring, and in 1815 went to Indiana. General Harrison was at that time Territorial Governor of In- diana. In 1838 Mr. New's wife died, aged forty-eight years, the date of her birth being January 29, 1790. Following are the names of the children born to them: John; Pollie, wife of Jonathan Limback; Sallie, wife of James Warrum, is deceased; Patsey, who died in infancy; Willie; Elizabeth, wife of Ambrose Miller; David F. ; James J., who died when quite small; and Louisa, wife of Nathan Newby. June 14, 1841, Mr. New married for his second wife Miss Margaret Lewis, who was born September 21, 1820. Her father was a pioneer of Indiana, having settled there in Hancock county, in 1830. Mr. New was a pioneer of several States. He moved from Virginia to North Carolina, thence to Kentucky, in 1815 to Indiana and in 1854 to Iowa. By his second wife he had eight children: Silas; Thomas M., deceased; Ambrose C, the subject of this sketch; Ellen K., wife of Thomas Snyder; Martha A., Nancy A., and Lewis F., deceased; and one that died in infancy. Mr. New was a man of sterling qualities. In his make-up were found those elements that distinguish the true pio- neer in any country. He was the father of eighteen children. His death occurred in 1879, at the age of eighty-eight years, eleven months and twenty-four days. Mrs. New is now living with her son in Texas, and at this writing is seventy years of age. The grand- father of Ambrose C. New was one of five brothers that served in the Revolutionary war and witnessed the surrender of General Cornwallis. One of these brothers was killed at the battle of Brandywine. Mr. New re- members having seen his grandfather. January 31, 1866, Ambrose C. New was married to Miss Mary Porter, who was born June 28, 1848, daughter of A. J. and Sarah A. (Smith) Porter. Her father was born in Kentucky, December 25, 1820, and her 952 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. mother July 27, 1821, their marriage occur- ring ill 1844. The former died in 1888, at the age of sixty-eight years, and the latter is still living aged seventy. Mr. Porter be- longed to the Seventh Iowa Cavalry, and served three years in the Union army. Nine children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Porter, whose names are as follows: Lncinda R., wife of G. H. Smith; Mary A., wife of Am- brose C. New; M. P.; Lucy, who died in infancy; Olive and Levona, who also died when young; Elzora, wife of K. P. Curtis; Louisa E., wife of Stephen D. Lawrence; and one that died in infancy. Mr. New came to Texas in September 1879, and settled on the place where he now lives. He and his wife had nine children: Alice, wife of E. S. Keef, Wallace, Melvina, Virgil M., Cora, Lottie, Silas, Freddie (who died in infancy), and May. Mr. and Mrs. New antl three of their children are members of the Methodist Episcopal Churcli, and one member of the family is a Presbyterian. Politically, Mr. New affiliates with the Demo- cratic party. tEWIS WILSON, a farmer of Mesquite, was born in Caledonia county, Alabama, March 1, 1840, a son of John Wilson, a native of middle Tennessee. The latter emigrated to Alabama when a young man, and was there married to a Miss Alexander, who died in that State. He was again mar- ried, and by his second wife had three chil- dren: Eliza, Lewis and one who died in infancy. Lewis' mother died when he was small, and he was reared principally by John H. Florence, with whom he came to this State in 1856. He enlisted in the Fourteenth Texas Cavalry, aud was subsequently dis- charged, and in 1862 joined Colonel Bates' regiment, and served until the close of the war. He was engaged as teamster most of the time, and participated in no important battles. After the war he returned home and rented land until 1876, when he bought 120 acres, and he now owns 193 acres. Mr. Wilson was married January 9, 1879, to Mrs. ximanda (Florence) AVillingham. She was married to D. AVillingham March 20, 1856, and they were the parents of three children: John R. ; Isaac and Sarah J., wife of E. C. Pechtol. The father died October 27, 1865. Mr. and Mrs. Wilson have one child, Martha Elizabeth, born February 1, 1880. They are both members of the Bap- tist Church. M. SPILLEl^, of Dallas county, Texas, was born in this county, July 11. 1855, a son of Mitch Spiller, a native of Illinois. The father came to Texas over forty years ago, and settled on the farm where our subject now lives, and where he died July 4, 1878, at the age of tifty-six years. He was married in Illinois to Miss Priscie Little, who died when her son, A. M., was quite small. They reared a family of ten children, namely: Green, who died during the war; Wilson, also deceased; Mary, wife of Newton Keen; Minerva, wife of Marion Keen; Robert, deceased; Andrew; A. M., our subject; Dillie, wife of D. K. Brown- ing; and Lane. After the death of his first wife, Mr. Spiller married Mahala Jenkins, who now resides in Brownwood, Texas. After the death of his father our subject lived with his stepmother a short time, and then he and his brothers and sisters began housekeep- ing. He still continues farming on the old homestead, his father Jiaving left him ninety- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. m-6 three acres of land, which he has improved and made an attractive home. Mr. Spiller is a young man and full of energy, and the day is not far distant when he will be one of Dal- las county's foremost men. He was married December 25, 1879, to Miss Linnie M. Led- better, who was born June 24, 1858. Her father, Olive V. Ledbetter, was born in middle Tennessee May 30, 1827, and came to Texas in 1848. He was married March 4, 1848, to Miss Margaret Fox, wlio was born July 24, 1826, and they reared a family of ten children, viz.: T. J., who died when yonncr; Nathan- iel B., who also died in infancy; W. (X; Minerva M., wife of Alfred Dnsen; W. ().; Linnie, wife of A. M. Spiller; J. J., A. L., T. J., and C. E., all born in Texas. Mr. and Mrs. Spiller have had seven children, namely: Delia, born December 5, 1880, died No- vember 17, 1881, Norah L., born August 3, 1882, died August 8, 1885; Allie L., born September 15, 1883, died July 5, 1883; Corrall A!, born October 31, 1886; Eose, born July 7, 1885, died August 10, 1886; Elbert B., born August 22, 1889; and Earl, born August 22, 1889, died February 5, 1890. Mr. and Mrs. Spiller are both members of the Methodist Church. J^IJILLIAM M. MOON, former Sheriff 'fffffifl °^ '•^^^ county, now night watchman l'^"^^ of the Texas and Pacific railroad, was born near Independence, Missouri, March 18, 1830. His parents were Jesse and Mary J. (Gilraan) Moon, natives of Pennsylvania and North Carolina respectively. The father was taken, when a small child to North Caro- lina, where the father, grandfather of subject, died, and his wife removed to Tennessee. Jesse went to Missouri, in 1818, and engaged in farming, returning home in the latter part of the war of 1812. April, 1845, he removed to Texas and settled in what is now Dallas county and here he died in September of the same year. His settlement was made about six miles north of the present site of the city of Dallas. He was only fifty-two when he died. His wife survived him for eight years and then died, aged forty. They had six children, namely: Julia A., wife of Ellis C. Thomas, both deceased, leaving five children, now all married; our subject; Sarah J., died, single, when about thirty years of age; Jesse died when thirty-one, having been a soldier through the late war, was faithful and brave in danger; Martha, wife of M. I. More, de- ceased, resident of Dallas, and Nancy E., wife of J. C. McConnell. both deceased. Our subject was reared on the farm and followed that pursuit until 1855, when he came to Dallas and engaged as a clerk in the general merchandise store of Gold and Donald- son, where he remained about two years, then served as Deputy Sheriff under Burnett M. Henderson, during his term, then bought a blacksmith shop, which he ran until the open ing of the war. When he began he had two forges and at the time of the beginning of the war those two forges had increased to five. His partner was his brother in-law, J. C. Mc- Connell, and in 1861 he sold out to iiim and enlisted in July, 1861, in Company H, Third Texas Cavalry, in which he served four years, all but two days. He never returned home until the close of the war. His commanding officer was General Pine, and he took part with him in the battles of Oak Hill, or Wilson creek, and Pea Ridge, and was then ordered across the Mississippi, but did not get to the battle of Shiloh, which they intended to take part in. He served the remainder of the time, in Tennessee, under General Ross. 954 HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNT T. They fought the battles of luka and Corinth as infantry, but later were mounted cavalry. He was captured just before the fall of At- lanta by Kilpatrick's cavalry, and was con- veyed to Johnson's Island, where lie remained until the close of the war. He was in prison from September, 1864, to July, 1865, but the treatment was good. He came home on a Government transportation. When he en- tered the army he was a private, but was promoted, in Mississippi, and elected Second Lieutenant, to till the place of a man who had cashiered. He never had a furlough or leave of absence, never was in a hospital and participated in all the battles of his regiment until his capture, and was with General Hood in his famous raid into Tennessee. During this time he received three flesh wounds, but none of them were serious and he stood the strain very well. After the war he came to Dallas and mar- ried, on Christmas day, 1865, Mrs. Nancy J., widow of William A. Knight, who died in the army. Her father was Captain James Armstrong, who came to Texas in 1845, with his wife, Mary Stebbins, and a large family. Our subject farmed until 1871, and then moved to Dallas where he was salesman in a hardware store of J. C. McContiell, his brother-in-law. He clerked for about five years, until he was elected Sheriff of Dallas county and served four years, having been re-elected in 1878, being a good officer, and was so popular that he could have been elected a third time had he allowed his name to be used. He then formed a partnership with John Bennett, a railroad contractor, and bought an outfit for grading on the railroad, but this was not successful, although they graded on several roads. He returned to Dallas, and was Deputy Sheriff under W. H. W. Smith, for several years, also Deputy Sheriff under Sheriff Lewis, for some time. Was one of the police force of the city for four years, and then engaged as night watch- man and still occupies that position. He was elected Marshal of the city of Dallas, be- ing the first official of that name of that city. Mrs. Moon had two children by her first husband, James W. and John A. The former died December 23, 1891, aged thirty-one years. He was a good, reliable man. John A. is still living and conducts a feed store in Dallas under the firm name of Knight Brothers. Our subject and wife had one child, Ander- son Armstrong, who died at the age of twenty-one. Mrs. Moon died January 28, 1889, aged fifty-five years, and she was a warm-hearted Christian woman, having been a member of the Metiiodist Episcopal Church from her girlhood and held a warm place in the hearts of all who came in contact with her. Her death was mourned by a large cir- cle of acquaintances. Both her sons, John and Anderson, joined the Methodist Epis- copal church in early manhood. Mr. Moon also has been a member of the same church since early boyhood, joining it when he was only si.xteen. He has always been a good, Christian man and enterprising citizen. As a Soldier he was ever ready to discharge every duty. As an officer, many friends and com- rades testify to the manly worth and charac- ter uf Lieutenant Moon. As an army officer he has a record well worthy of praise. He speaks in high praise of Charles W. Hill, Colonel of the One Hundred and Twenty- eighth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, whose regi- ment was in charge of the prison where he was confined. The Colonel, wliile under strict orders from the Secretary of war did everything to make the prisoners as comfort- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 955 able as possible, allowing them all the privi- leges he could. Lieutenant is one of the pioneer citizens of Dallas county, is a worthy man, and is as widely respected as he is known. He has engaged in various occupations, blacksmith- ing, soldiering, clerking, official work and fanning. He was engaged in the latter pro- fession for the last time from 1883 to 1885, on hie own ranch, l)ut preferring city life he Sdld the ranch and returned to Dallas where he has remained ever since, respected by all. fOHN W. DAVIS, of Garland, was born in Harrison county, Virginia, Decem- ber 23, 1825, a son of Hanson C. Davis, who was born in the same county. May 21, 1802. His ancestors came from Wales to this county under Lord Delaware, and settled in the State of Delaware, between the settle- ments of Virginia and New York. Mr. Davis was married in Indiana, in 1835, to Sallie Paris, who was born in 1800, and they re- mained in that State until 1847, when they came to Texas, arriving in Dallas county the last day of 1847. He came with the Peters' colony, and all that arrived in Texas in 1847 had a right to claim 640 acres, and this col- ony soon availed themselves of this right. Mr. and Mrs. Davis were the parents of nine children: Benjamin F.; Deuressa A., wife of James Jackson; Pollie E., formerly Mrs. Jacob Miller, died in Indiana, leaving eleven children, who now reside in Tippecanoe county, Indiana; Maria N"., wife of John Little; Sal- lie A., wife of John C. Tucker, and both were deceased in this county, leaving ten chil- dren: Nancy C, who died before marriage; James M., also deceased ; Mary, wife of Samuel Whittock. When John W. Davis was in his twenty- second year he concluded to go to South, and in the spring of 1847 started for Texas to pre- pare for the family of his father. The first day the father hauled him thirty miles in a carryall, after which he left him to tramp the way the best he could. Mr. Davis walked to the Illinois river, where he took passage on a boat to the Mississippi river, then to the Red river, next up the Red river to Shreve- port, where, in company with another young man, they commenced the dangerous journey of 250 miles to Dallas county. The houses were from thirty to forty miles apart and they prepared themselves with provisions and camped out over night. After landing in this county Mr. Davis filed a claim for 320 acres of land, which he subsequently im- proved and sold, and later bought 200 acres where he now lives. He now owns 700 acres of line black loam in the cotton belt of Texas, where he is an extensive cotton raiser. In the spring of 1862 he enlisted in Colonel Hawpe's regiment, and remained until the close of the war, after which he returned home with what was left of his regiment, there be- ing about one-third of the original number. He was first detailed as forage master, and served in that capacity during the entire term of enlistment, and was also in the battles of Prairie Grove, Carrion Crow, Mansfield, and many skirmishes. Mr. Davis was never wounded or taken prisoner, and received his discharge from the Confederate States army. Mr. Davis was married June 25, 1855, to Miss Jennette Chenault, who was born in 1839, the daughter of Jesley Chenault, a native of Indiana. The father came to Texas in 1845, when Mrs. Davis was but six years old, and she well remembers the hardships the family endured in the early days of this State. Tliey were obliged to live on what they could kill, 956 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. their nearest market being 250 miles distant, and even there they could not buy bread-stuff at any price. Mr. Chenault married Elizabeth Hatfield, and they reared tiiirteeu children, namely: Angela, wife of John Tucker; Jen- nette, wife of John W. Davis; John, who died leaving six children: Lucy, wife of H. Beckner; Ellen, wife of William Ryne; A. G. ; Jacob; Sarah, who died before marriage; Elizabeth, wife of "W. Hardicut; Tansey, wife of George Tucker; and Wesley. Mr. Che- nault was married the second time, to Lucy Sage, and they had two children, — James and Elizabeth, wife of Joe Bickney. Mr. and Mrs. Davis are the parents of fourteen chil- dren, only nine of whom survive: Elizabeth C, wife of T. N. Wallace; Mary C, wife of Thomas Brandenburg; Benjamin F. married Mrs. Ellen Baless; Martha C. is the wife of A. E. Derring; D. J., C. B., Daniel D. and Anna P. Mrs. Davis is a member of the Baptist Church, and Mr. Davis is a member of the Royal Arch Masons, Scyene Lodge, No. 295, and also of the L O. O. F., Richards Lodge. fC. RUGEL, an ex-member of the Legis- Irture and a hardware merchant of Mes- ® quite, Dallas county, Texas, is one of the prominent men of this section cf the country. Mr. Rugel is a son of Ferdinand and Laura Bell Rugel, natives of Germany snd Tennes- see respectively. ' Ferdinand Rugel came to America about 1833, and traveled extensively over the United States before settling in Jef- ferson county, Tennessee. He was by pro- fession a naturalist, having come to this country in the interest of a scientific organi- zation of Germany. He was a graduate of a medical college in Wiirtemberg and was otherwise highly educated. After settling in Tennessee he was engaged in the practice of medicine and also carried on farming oper- ations. After a long and eventful life he died there, in 1878. He and his wife were the parents of twelve children, five of whom are still living. Their son Ferdinand died in the army of Virginia, in 1865; Mollie became the wife of J. C. Chapman and resides in this county; J. C. forms the subject of this sketch; G. A. resides in Hamblen county, Tennessee, where he is engaged in farming; Lou is the wife of W. H. Horner, of Jefferson county, Ten!iessee; F. C. is a member of the firm of J. C. Rugel & Co.: and Bettie, wife of J. F. Chapman, is deceased. Mrs. Rugel lives in Hamblen county, Tennessee, and is now sixty- six years of age. J. C. Rugel was educated at Morristown, at what is called Ragan's High School, and at the age of twenty-one started out in life for himself. He asserted his majority by im- mediately emigating to this State. He settled in the vicinity of Mesquite and en- gaged in teaching school, which occupation he followed seven years, and during that time was considered one of the best instruct- ors in this part of the country. After leav- ing the school room he took charge of Sena- tor R, S. Kinibraugh's books, being occupied as bookkeeper eighteen mouths. He then engaged in his prseent business, with T. F. Nash, under the firm name of Nash & Rugel, dealing in hardware and farming implements of all kinds. Two years later Mr. F. C. Rugel bought Mr. Nash's interest, the firm becom- ing J. C. Rugel & Brother, In 1884 the subject of our sketch was elected Justice of the Peace of Precinct No. 4, and two years latter, in 1886, was elected member of the Twentieth Legislature of Texas. He served as Chairman of the sub- HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 957 committeee that prepared the Railway Com- mission Bill ; was also a member of the regular committe on Internal Improvements. His services in the Legislature were highly ap- preciated by his coustituents and were ren- dered in a manner that reflected much credit on himself. Mr. Rugel was married in 1876, to Miss Florence Freeson, a daughter of Daniel and Eliza (Ward) Freeson, natives of Mississippi. Mr. and Mrs. Rugel are the parents of four children: Pauline, Charles, Daniel and Car- rie. Both he and his wife are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, of which he is an Elder. He is a member of Scyene Lodge, No. 295, A. F. & A, M., and has filled the various chairs in the order; is also a member of the K. of H. of Mesquite, and is secretary of said lodge. A. UM P H RE SS.— Among the prominent farmers of Precinct No. '® 4, Dallas county, Texas, is found the gentleman whose name appears above. Mr. Umphress was born in Jefferson county, Florida, in 1849, son of M. B. and Martha Houston Umphress, natives of Georgia. His father moved to Florida in an early day and settled in Jeflerson county, where he became a planter and was also engaged in stock-rais- ing and butchering at Monticello, the county seat of Jefferson county. He died in Florida in 1860, at the age of forty-six years. He had been twice married. By his first wife he had three children, one dying in infancy and one at the age of eleven years. The third. Amaranth is the wife of Jesse Aldrige. By his second companion, nee Martha Hor- ton, a sister of his first wife, he had seven 62 children, five of whom lived to be grown, namely: Artemisia, wife of Levi Horton of Dallas county; John R., also of this county; Mitchell A., the subject of this sketch; S. E., of Hood county, Texas; Euphrates, who was killed in Dallas, June 16, 1884, left a family who reside in this county. Mrs. Umphress makes her home with her daughter, Mrs. Horton, and is now sixty-three years of age. Mr. Umphress served with distinction in the Florida war. The subject of our sketch was reared in his native county and received his education in the common schools there, and at the early age of sixteen commenced life for himself. He was engaged in farming in Florida until 1873, when he moved to Texas and settled in Dallas county. He lived near Scyene on rented land for more than a year. When he landed in Scyene he had only 75 cents in money and had a wife and four children. His money giving out when he got to Brazos, he had to send to his brother for means with which to reach his destination. Now he owns 144 acres of land, 104 acres being under cultivation and has good buildings, pleasant home and all his surroundings indicate pros- perity. All this property he has accumu- lated since 1880. That year he purchased forty acres at $17.50 an acre; in 1887, bought twenty-four acres at $25 an acre; in 1888, forty acres, at |25 an acre; and in 1890, forty acres of timber land, at $8 an acre. The year 1876 Mr. Umphress spent in Hood county, this State; but not being satisfied there he returned to Dallas county. He was married in 1865, when in his seventeenth year, to Mrs. Elizabeth Smith {nee Tucker), daughter of Dr. Isaac and Caro- lina (Turner) Tucker, natives of Florida. They were among the earliest residents of Jefierson county, Florida, and the Seminole 958 HISTORY OP DALLAS COUNTY. Indians were frequent visitors at the Turner homestead. Osceola had no doubt been fed at the home of Dr. Turner. Mr. and Mrs. Uinphress are the parents of six children: Lula; Minnie, wife of J. E. Spier, of this county; Mitchel, who died in 1874, at the age of two years; Lucius, who died when one year old ; lola; and Arphaxad. Mr. Uniphress and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. He is associated with the Farmers' Alliance. jICHARD BRUTON, one of the oldest living settlers of Dallas county, Texas, came to this State in 1845, arriving here in the month of March. Mr. Bruton was born in Kentucky in 1812, the son of William and Rebecca (Pemberton) Bruton, natives of South Carolina and Vir- ginia respectively. William Bruton was a farmer by occupation and was a pioneer in the true sense of the word. He moved from Kentucky to Illinois in 1827, and settled in Morgan county. Land at that time could be purchased there for $1.25 per acre. He made his houic in Morgan county until 1846, when he came to Texas. Here his death occurred in 1866, at the age of eighty-four years. He died December 31, and was buried January 1, 1867. His wife died about 1840. They were the parents of eleven children, Richard being the third-born and one of the four who are now living. His sister, Lavina, now re- sides with him. She was born in 1810, and is the widow of James Roberts of Illinois. The other two are Louisa and Rebecca, both residents of Illinois, the former being the wife of Harden Edwards and the latter of Robert Angelow. Richard Bruton received his education in the primitive log schoolhouses of Kentucky, and at the age of twenty-four left home and commenced life for himself. When he was twenty-five he went to tlie Territory of Iowa and settled near Salem, a Quaker village, in what is now Henry county. He was among the first settlers there; took a claim and after- ward sold it. He left Iowa in 1843 and went to JSewton county, Missouri, where he re- mained eighteen months. From there he came to Texas and settled on his present farm. He at first had 320 acres, and of this he has since sold 160 acres. His land is worth from $40 to $50 per acre. When he settled here game of all kinds was plenty, and the princi- pal crop raised by the early settlers was corn. Mr. Bruton had the misfortune to lose his first corn crop by fire. The prairie caught fire, and, tlie corn being gathered and in a pen, pen and all were swept away. Mr. Bruton came here a single man, and in 1848 was united in marriage with Elizabeth Cox, daughter of Cornelius and Catherine (Jackson) Cox, natives of Indiana. They came to this State the same year Mr. Bruton did. Previous to their coming here they had lived in Newton county, Missouri. Mr. and Mrs. Bruton are the parents of nine children: W. C, deceased; Louriiia, wife of C. M. Elder, deceased; James W., a resident of Johnson county, Texas; Mary E., wife of C. M. Elder (formerly the husband of Lourina); Matilda, deceased; Josephine, wife of J. D. Miller, of Dallas county; J. D., a resident of this county; H. J., deceased; and Samantha A., also deceased. In speaking of his pioneer days in this State, Mr. Bruton says that they were the happiest days of his life: Many were the times he indulged in the buflTalo and deer chase, combining pleasure with profit, for the game they secured was necessary to their HISTOHY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 959 maintenance, their chief food being corn bread and wild meat. Mr. Bruton served as a juror of the second court ever held in Dal- las. He has never had any political aspira- tions, but has given his whole time to his own private affairs. He has given some at- tention to breeding fine horses, and has on his farm some valuable stock. Mrs. Bruton is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and has been for many years. ;ILLIAM E. HUNDLEY was born in Hickman county, Kentucky, Novem- ber 22, 1866. He came to Texas at the age of nineteen, and although young in years was full of business qualifications. The first year he hired out to work on a farm. June 27, 1886, he was married to Mrs. Mar- gery Raney. She owning seventy-eight acres of laud, he has since devoted his energies to its cultivation and improvement. He has built a nice residence, is comfortably situated and is on the high road to prosperity. His chief agricultural products are corn, wheat and cotton. Mr. Hundley's father, J. M. Hundley, was born in Kentucky in 1822, and died in 1885, at the age of sixty-three years. His mother, nee Katharine Huss, was born in 1823, and is still living in Kentucky. The six children born to them are as follows; Louisa, wife of William Burton; Conrad W.; Thomas S.; Anna E., wife of Winfield Scott; William E.; Sarah J., wife of Henry Jackson — all living and Carried. Mrs. Hundley's maiden name was Margery Wainescott. Her first husband, John E. Raney, died in 1879. By him she had four children: John E., Edward C, Buck S. and John E. The first two named are deceased. Mrs. H undley was born in 1854, the daughter of John E. and Rebecca (Wilson) Wainescott. Her mother died in 1883. In her father's family were eleven children, viz.: Paulina, wife of William Rauey, is now deceased; Co- lumbus; Charlotte, wife of Henry A. Sheals; Willie, wife of Peter Youngblood; William; Margery, wife of W. E. Hundley; Eliza, de- ceased ; Violet, wife of John Prichard; Bell, wife of Isaac Davis; Sallie, wife of John Houser; Samuel, deceased. John E. Raney served through the war in the Confederate array, was in a number of battles and skirmishes, but was never wounded. Mr. and Mrs. Hundley are members of the Presbyterian Church. Politically, he is a Democrat. fCTDGE A. S. LATHROP, ex-Judge of the District Court, was born in Butler county, Ohio, September 30, 1829, a son of David and Maria Lathrop. His father, a merchant at Oxford, Ohio, died about 1863, at the age of eighty-two years, and his mother died in 1872, aged about seventy. Judge Lathrop was educated at Miami University, at Oxford, Ohio, graduating in the class of 1850. He studied law, and came to Texas in 1853, locating first in Brazoria county. He opened out there as the editor of the Planter, and soon began to practice his profession, which he has followed ever since. In the spring of 1863 he enlisted in the Confederate army and served until the close of the war, in the Southwest, in Bates' regi- ment. His regiment was stationed most of the time on the coast, and was not engaged in any regularly pitched battle. 960 HISTORY OF DALLAS COONTT. After the close of the war he resumed the practice of law, in partnership with Judge McCorraic, the firm name being Lathrop & McConnic; but in 1870 his partner was elected to the Bench, and Judge Lathrop con- tinued alone as attorney. He came to Dallas in 1879, where he has continued in his profession. In 1876 he represented in the Legislature his district, then comprising Galveston, Brazoria and Matagorda counties, and he served on several important committees. lie also served as Judge of Court on several occasions, in special cases. As an attorney the Judge stands de- servedly higli. He is a Democrat, but takes little interest in politics. He was married in 1860 to Miss "Watts, and has had five children, namely: Henry, who practiced law for some time, and died at the age of twenty- six years; William, who died at the age of tweuty-two years; A. S., Jr., who is studying law with his father; James, the next in order of birth; Amine, still at school and a member of the home circle. Mrs. Lathrop is a member of the Presbyterian Church. E^ jMON McCOMMAS.— Among the early tl>\A% settlers of Dallas county, Texas, few =^' there are who iiave resided here as long as the above named gentleman. Ho came to this county with his father. Anion McCom- mas, Sr., in Decemlier, 1844, and settled five miles northeast of where thecity of Dallas now stands. At that time Dallas contained only five or six families, settled along the banks of the river. His father was a prosperous and wealthy farmer of Missouri, and moved from that State to this, coming through with ox teams and bringing with him a number of horses, cattle and sheep. They made the journey through the Indian Xation, and on their arrival here the senior Mr. McCommas purchased a headright, and during the rest of his life made his home on it, engaged in farming and stock-raising. He was promi- nent in the early history of this county, always exerting his influence for the good of the community in which he resided. He was chairman of the Board of County Commis- sioners, and was also chairman of the meet- ing that was held to organize Dallas county in 1845. While a resident of Missouri he served as Justice ef the Peace in Wright county. He was born in Tennessee, and had lived in several States before coming to Texas, lie was one of the first Christian ministers in this part of the State, and was lor thirty- four years actively engaged in the minis- try. His death occurred here in 1877, in the seventy-third year of his age. He was married in 1826, to Mary Brumphield, daughter of James Brumphield. They reared a family of nine children: James B., deceased; Stephen B., also deceased; John and Elisha, residents of Dallas county; Amon, the subject of this sketch; Rosana, who be- came the wife of Jesse Cox, is deceased; William M., deceased; Mary E., wife of Dr. W. P. Stone, is deceased; Armilda, wife of B. F. Fleeman, of this State. Mrs. McCommas died in 1877, at the age of seventy-three years. Amon McCommas was born in Illinois, May 12, 1832, and was educated in the common schools of Missouri and Texas. At the age of twenty-one he began life for himself, and that year, 1853, went overland to California, remaining there until 1869. During his sojourn in the Golden State he was engaged in mining and teaming, and had his ups and downs like others there. He made the return trip by rail. After coming back tu Texas he El STORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 961 farmed one year. In 1871 he engaged in the mercantile business at Scyeue, where he now lives. He was Postmaster of this place from 1871 to 1889, with the exception of twelve or sixteen months daring the early part of the '80s. He was engao;ed in mer- chandising for eight years, being in partner- ship with his father. After the death of his father he turned his attention to farming, in which he is still engaged. For several years past he has devoted considerable attention to the breeding of fine horses, having the Royal English turf blood. A tine horse owned by him and known as Lonnie B. won second money at the great Texas Derby during the fall of 1890. Mr. McCommas was married in 1870 to Miss Nancy C. Seals, daughter of Wilson and Mahalia (Mills) Seals, natives of Tennessee. They came to this State in 18(35. Mr. and Mrs. McCommas are the parents of eight chil- dren, six of whom are living: Edwin F., Oto, Eerdie, Bonner, Viola and Anion, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. McCommas are members of the Christian Clnircli. He is a member of Scyene Lodge, No. 295, A. F. & A. M., hav- ing served as Treasurer of the lodge for thir- teen consecutive years. THOMAS C. MAESH was born in Harrison county, Kentucky, February 21, 1831. He was reared on a fai-m and has all his life been identified with farm- ing interests. In 1844, at the age of thir- teen, he emigrated with his parents to Texas and settled in Dallas county near where he now lives. Previous to his com- ing here he had attended school only a very little, and in the subscription schools of this county he obtained a fair education. His father took a homestead of 640 acres under the Peters colony, improved it, and lived on it the rest of his life. After the first year they had an abundance of everything. Game at all times plentiful, and Thomas was the hunter of the family, keeping the larder well supplied with deer, turkey, etc. He went on many a bear hunt, killed game of all kinds, large and small, and so skillful was he as a hunter that he gained a local notoriety. Those days the Indians were plentiful in these parts, and they frequently committed depre- dations. They stole four horses from the Marsh family. They frequently killed cattle and it was not uncommon to see the cows come home at night with arrows sticking in them. Thomas C. remained at home with his father until he was twenty five years of age, and then, March 13, 185G, he was married. At the age of seventeen he was entitled to a head right under the Peters colony, and had secured 320 acres of land. After his mar- riage he settled on his farm and began mak- ing improvements, giving his attention chiefly to the stock business. He built a cabin and liroke twelve acres of land, and by 1860 had succeeded in getting a good start of stock, cattle and horses. In 1862 he enlisted in the Confederate service, and was with the forces that operated in the Indian Nation and in Arkansas. He acted the part of a brave soldier until the war was over, when be returned hoine to find his farm a waste and his stock destroyed. His wife and three chil- dren remained, however, and he began life anew. He opened up a larger farm and en- tered more extensively into the stock busi- ness, and in his farming operations and stock- raising has met with eminent success. He now owns in the neighborhood of 700 acres of as fine land as there is in the world. He 962 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. has it all under fence, 175 acres under culti- vation and the rest devoted to pasture. His stock are mostly horses and sheep. He also keeps graded cattle; has a fine jack, and is giving attention to mule raising. Financially and otherwise, he has made a success of life, and is ranked with the wealthy and influen- tial farmers of this section of the country. His father's name was Harrison C. Marsh, and he, too, was a native of Harrison county, Kentucky, born March 29, 1805. He was a farmer and stock-raiser, and while in Ken- tucky owned and ran a mill. He died on the old homestead in this county. May 5, 1889. Grandfather Thomas Marsh was born in Baltimore, Maryland, and died in Kentucky about 1841. The mother of our subject and the wife of Harrison C. Marsh, was before her marriage. Miss Mary Raymond. She was the daughter of William Raymond, of Kentucky; was born February 18, 1810; married JSovember 11, 1828, and after sixty years of happy married life died April 19, 1888. This worthy couple were the parents of eight children, viz. : William B., born September 2, 1829, and died September 6, 1838; Thomas C, the subject of this article; Sarah E., March 9, 1833, became the wife of H. C. Daggett; John D., born August 25, 1835; Mary F., born August 2, 1840, married J. J. McAllister; Elizabeth J., born October 9, 1843, married E. B. Daggett; Martha A., born February 27, 1848, married Mark Ellison; Charlotte M., born March 30, 1851, married W. O'Neill. Harrison F., who was born November 16, 1837, died Novem- ber 20, 1839. Thomas C. Marsh married Hannah Husted, daughter of Elkaner and Catherine (Beards- ley) Husted, who came from New York State to Texas in 1854. Her father was a farmer in later years; in early life was with the Hudson Bay Fur Company for some years. He settled in Texas with the ex- pectation of making it his future home. He also owned property in Missouri, and in 1861 went there to dispose of it. The war broke out and he could not return. His death oc- curred at Olathe, Kansas, May 11, 1865, at the age of sixty-seven years. To Thomas C. Marsh and his wife three children have been born, namely: Mary E., born November 29, 1857, is now the wife of J. E. Buchanan, and resides in Dallas county; Sarah C, born May 22, 1860, married A. W. Stalnaker, and lives in the city of Dallas; and Thomas J., who was born June 29, 1862. Mr. Marsh's political views are in har- mony with Democratic principles, and with that party he has ever afiiliated. ^ '^ ,NDREW J. DENNIS was born in f/i&\5 Overton county, Tennessee, February ^^^ 17, 1833. He was reared on a farm, received a liberal education, and for a time was engaged in teaching. His life occupa- tion, however, has been farming. James Dennis, his father, was a native of North Carolina. He died in Tennessee at the age of fifty- two years. His wife passed away in 1875, aged seventy-eight. She was before her marriage Miss Parmina Gunnells, and her mother, whose maiden name was Bennefield, came to this country from Europe. By a previous marriage James Dennis had six children, and by Perraina lie had seven. The names of the last family are as follows: Nancy C, married W. M. Roberts, a native of Tennessee, who came from Kentucky to Texas in 1878; Catherine S., who married James Conner and lives in Clay county, Tennessee; George W., who HI STORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 963 was married and lived in Tennessee, went through the war and after returning home was shot and killed in his own house; An- drew J., the subject of our sketch; Thomas J., who came to Texas in 1886; is now a lesident of Dallas county; Daniel P., wlio was married and lived in Texas, died Janu- ary, 1886; and Sarah J., whose first husband, Franklin Elder of Tennessee, was killed in the war, and who suljsequently moved to Illinois and there married Silas Follis, came in 1868 with Mr. Follis to Texas, and is now living in Denton county. Andrew J. Dennis came with one of his half-brothers to Texas, arriving in Dallas county in December, 1854. He had only a small amount of money then and was at first employed as a farm hand, working in that way five years. At the end of that time he bought 110 acres of land, the farm on which he now lives. He has since added to his original purchase and now has a fine farm, well improved with good buildings, etc. Previous to the war his crops were wheat, oats and corn, and he also raised stock. Since then he has given his attention to the liais- ing of cotton. He has never made a total failure of crops. He now keeps only such stock as are needed for his own use on the farm. Mr. Dennis was married to Miss Sarah "Webb. Her father, 1. B. Weljb, a native of Tennessee, came to Texas in 18-1:1, settled in Dallas county and' took a headright of 640 acres of land. He died in 1880, at the age of seventy-eight years. His wife, the mother of Mrs. Dennis, was before her marriage Miss Mary Hughes. Her deatli occurred in 1887. Her father, William Hughes, was a native of North Carolina Mr. and Mrs. Dennis have been blessed with nine children, viz.: Mar- garet L., wife of W. H. Demere, lives in Dallas county; James I., at home; L. W., married and settled in life; andZ. H., George N., Charles W., Anna F., J. Sutton and Mary Hughes, at home. During the late war Mr. Dennis was the Confederate County Assessor of this county, serving as such from 1861 to 1865. He was at one time a member of the Farmers' Al- liance, but withdrew. He and his family are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. EV. JOSEPH MARTIN lERE was ^ born near the city of Lyons, France, January 8, 1841. At an early age he was sent to the Ecclesiastical College of I'Argentiere, where he pursued his studies with success. Nine years of close apjjlica- tion terminated his classical course, and a three-years course of theology in the Grand Seminary of Lj'ons fitted him for the minis- try. In 1862, at the invitation of Rt. Rev. Bishop Dubuis of Galveston, he came to America with twelve other young seminari- ans. He remained fourteen months in New Orleans and received holy orders at the hands of Most Rev. J. M. Odin in the Cathe- dral of the Crescent City, April 10, 1864. After his ordination. Rev. J. Martiniere was located in Hallettsville, Lavaca county, Texas, as assistant to Rev. F.Forest. The arduous mission of Liberty and its environs was next entrusted to his charge, and later his field of labor extended over Denison, Jefferson, St. Paul, Collin county, Weatherford and nearly all the missions of Northern Texas — now in- cluded in the diocese of Dallas. Few, who now visit these points, can realize the sacrifices and hardships endured by tbe early energetic missionaries of Texas. It 964 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. was amidst untold difEculties and much per- sonal suffering that they ministered to the wants of their fellow creatures. Railroads and telegraph wires had not yet been con- structed over this remote portion of the State, and besides the unsettled and unsatisfactory condition of the local government rendered traveling on horseback very unsafe. Imbued with a truly apostolic spirit, Rev. J. JVIar- tiniere labored in this district for nine years with untiring zeal wherever duty or the de- mands of suffering humanity appealed to his great, generous heart. During one of his journeys the famous wagon train from Weatherford to Fort GriiJin was attacked by Indians and seven persons were killed; then the Government was induced to establish forts at stated places for the protection of travelers. In 1873, Rev. J. Martiniere was appointed pastor of the Church of the Sacred Heart in Dallas. The Texas & Pacific Railroad had just pushed its terminus to this locality; but little else at this period marked the speedy progress of the future city of Dallas. Little by little the scanty congregation which he found in the modest church on Bryan street increased in number. Sodali- ties were formed and associations organized under his able and devoted efforts. In 1874 the Ursnline Convent was established in the city, near the parish church. In 1888 Mr. Thomas Marsalis offered a desirable location in the Oak Cliff suburb for some charitable work. With the ap- proval of Rt. Rev. N. A. Gallagher, then Bishop of Galveston, Father Martiniere ener- getically set to work at the darling enterprise of his heart, — the establishment of an orphans' home. Day after day he journeyed back and forth, enlisting aid and directing the buildings. About this time measures were taken for the erection of a large brick church on Bryan street as better suited to the grow- ing Catholic population of Dallas. The work was commenced and the foundations laid, at the cost of $5,000, under his supervision. In 1890, Rev. J. Martiniere was appointed Chaplain of the Ursuline Convent in East Dallas. The religious had extended their work under his direction; and his judgment and ability ever proved as farseeing as it was wise. AVhen Rt. Rev. T. F. Bi'ennan was nom- inated Bishop to tiie see of Dallas, he ap- pointed Rev. J. Martiniere his Vicar General; but six months' experience induced him to resign the dignity. A conscientious discharge of duty, a con- sideration for others, forgetfulness of self, and above all an unbounded charity for the poor, have won for this distinguished pastor the brotherly love of his co-laborers and the esteem and reverence of all classes and de- nominations. A celebrated statesman of Dallas once remarked that " Rev. Father Martiniere had done more for the growth and prosperity of this city than any other man within its limits." Ever unostentatious, the labors of twenty- eight years have been modestly withheld from the praise of the age; but the calendar of God proclaims what time may never record. ILAS H. FOREE, one of the leading farmers of Precinct No. 3, Dallas county, Texas, was born in Kentucky in 1827, son of John H. and Fannie (Violett) Foree, natives of Virginia and Kentuckj respectively. Mr. Force's grandfather, Silas Foree, waf born in Virginia and when a boy emigrated BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 905 witli liis father to Keiitiicky, where lie was captured by tlie Indians. The Indian cliief Logan admired the boy's courage, adopted liiin and took him to Canada. A l>ritish officer in some way got possession of him there and sold him to a Scotcinnan. The celebrated Whittaker, an Indian fighter of Kentucky, was captured at the same time, but during a lieavy rain made his escape near the place whei'e Cincinnati now stands. Mr. Force spent seven years among tlie Indians and Canadians, and at the close of the war for independence was exchanged, and came back to Virginia. He was one of tlie vol- unteers who enlisted under Washington to quell what was called the Whisky Insurrec- tion in Pennsylvania. At the time of the capture of Mr. Force his father and mother were both dead, but several members of the family were killed. Two of his sisters were captured. One was killed by the Indians on the journey as she was not able to endure the hardships of the trip, and the other arrived safe in Canada, and afterward married a Scotchman by the name of Smith. The Smith family subsequently came to the United States. Mr. Force was the youngest of the family and belonged to the third gen- eration of BVench Huguenots who settled in this country. He was married in Virginia and some years later moved with his family to Kentucky, locating in Henry county. He and his wife reared a family of six sons and four daughters, John H. being the sixth- born. The sons were all fanners. John H. Force reared a family of nine children, in Kentucky, two dying in infancy. The oldest, Jephtha C, resides on Red river, Texas; Silas H. is the subject of this sketch; Thaddeus C. resides in Flattsburg, Missouri; John, a lawyer by profession, was killed in LonisTille, Kentucky; William, deceased; James W., a brick mason and contractor, was accidentally killed; Mary A., deceased; Theodore, a resident of Kansas; Frank M., who resides on the old homestead. Mr. Force died in 1885, at the age of eighty- four years, and his wife died in 18S8, at the same age. Both had been members of the Baptist Church for many years. Silas H. Foree received a fair education in his native county, and for ten or twelve years after reaching man's estate was en- gaged in teaching the "three K's." In 1860, at the age of thirty-two, he came to Dallas county, Texas, and located in tlie vicinity of Dallas, where he rented land for two years. At the end of this time he en- tered the Confederate army, becoming a member of Company I, Thirtieth Texas Cavalry, and served until the war closed. He went to farming again, and in 1868 bought the property on which he resides from his father-in-law, tirst buying ninety- live acres, for which he paid $7 per acre. He subsequently bought sixty-live acres joining him on the east, at $10 an acre, and 320 acres on the north at '$1 per acre. He now has about 220 acres under cultivation, whicli'is valued at $25 an acre. Diirino- the time he was paying for his land he was also at a heavy expense in educating his children, all of whom are graduates of Waco Univer- sity. His daughter also attended a female school at Bclton, Texas, one year. Mr. Foree was married in Kentucky, in 1858, to Miss Elizabeth A. Kyle, daughter of Henry and Elizabeth (Pirkey) Kyle, natives of Virginia and of Irish and Cerman parentage. They removed to Kentucky a short time previous to the birth of Mrs. Foree. They had a family of eight children, two of whom died in infancy. Both parents are deceased, the mother dying in Kentucky HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. and the father in Texas. Mr. ami Mrs. Foree liave had four children, one having died when small. Those living are Kenneth, an attorney and at present City Judge of Dallas; Earnest, also an attorney, residing at Rockwall, Texas; and Lillian E. Mr. Foree is a member of the A. F. & A. M., Duck Creek Lodge, and he and his wife belong to the Baptist Church. ROBERT E. SUMMERS, M. D., Gar- land, was born in Alaljania, in 1847, the seventh child of Robert and Mary G. (Legg) Summers, natives of Tennessee. The father was a farmer by occupation, and after the birth of our subject he settled in Lincoln county, Tennessee, and engaged in farming. Tlie families on both sides are of English parentage, and were among the old- est American families. Mr. and Afrs. Sum- mers had nine eliildren, live of whom lived to maturity, viz.: William, a native of Ten- nessee; Daniel M., deceased, whose family now reside in Lincoln county; Ivtbert E., our subject; Sallie, widow of William Markham, a minister of the Baptist Church; Thomas 1)., a fanner of Lincoln county. The oldest son, William, has taught in Fittstield, Alabama, and also in Oak Hill and (.'ornersville Institutes, Tennessee, lie has amassed considerable property, and at present resides in Lincoln county, where he has a fine farm and devotes his attention to raising tine stock. Mr. Sum- mers died in 1887, at the age of seventy-eight years, and Mrs. Summers died the next year, also at the age of seventy-eight years. She was a mem])er of the Baptist Church for many years. Dr. Summers was educated first in the common schools of his native county, and at the age of twenty-one years entered the Nash- ville College of Medicine, in the class of 1869, and graduated in the class of 1871. He commenced practice in Franklin county, and later returned to the county of his birth, where he practiced one season; next he went to Wittsburg, Arkansas, but after six or eight months his health failed, and he returned to Tennessee; then, in 187G, he commenced practice at Barnes' Hill, Tennessee, and in February, 188G, came to this county, locating at Garland, which was not known at that time. The Doctor was one of the first set- tlers of the place, and erected the first drug store in the village. He has since bought and rebuilt a handsome residence, and also owns a fine farm of sixty acres, all under im- provement. In the fall of 1864, Dr. Sum- mers entered the army under General For- rest, and was attached to Captain Walton's battery, and was with Forrest at the fall of Selma, Alabama, and in several minor skir- mishes. After the war he returned home and began the study of medicine, and after three years, from the age of seventeen to twenty-one years, he attended literary schools and also taught school. Since coming to Texas the Doctor has been very successful, having the largest practice of any physician of the surrounding country . In connection with his practice he also pays gi-eat attention to the rearing of fine stock, owning a fine turf horse and a fine trotter. These horses were bred in Tennessee, and the trotter is from a Henry Clay mare, and the pacer is sired l)y Keeina, and from a War- I'ior horse. The Doctor has been twice married, first in 1873, to Miss Lula Walker, a daughter of J. L. and Catherine L. (Harwell) Walker, natives of Tennessee. By this marriage there were three children: Alva, Homer and HISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY . 967 Lnla, all at home. Mrs. Summers died in 1879, at the age of twenty-seven years, and in 1880 the Doctor married Lillie Walker, a sister of his first wife. Tiiey have one child, Sabra. Both Dr. and Mrs. Summers are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South and the former is a member of tlie A. F. & A. M., Duck Creek Lodge, No. 441. In addition to his other property Dr. Sum- mers owns a handsome drug store, which is conducted by his son, Alva. -^ s*- IHALEM E. SCOTT, a member of the firm of Beaver, Scott & Williams, of Garland, was born in Shelby county, Tennessee, in 1833, a son of E. G. and Cynthia (Elkin) Scott. The father moved to Illinois ni 1838, settling at Mount Vernon, where he engaged in farmino;: in 1858 he removed to Dallas county, Missouri; in 1868 to Oregon county, same State, and remained there until his death, which occurred in 1886, at the age of sixty- eigdit years. lie was blind for thirty years, and for the last eighteen or twenty years of his life con- ducted a successful mercantile business at Pickneyville, Oregon county, Missouri. He was three times married, first to the mother of our subject, and by this union there were four children, viz.: W. F., deceased; Eliza- beth, deceased, wife of David Taylor, of Missouri; S. E., our subject; and Angeline, deceased. The mother died in 1836, and two years later the father married Lucy, a sister of his first wife, and to this union was born one child, Harriet, now deceased. Mrs. Scott died in 1844, and about 1847 Mr. Scott married asrain and had one child, Vir- ginia, now the wife of Mr. Crumb, of Kansas. During his life Mr. Scott was a strict Demo- crat, and was actively identified with that party, but would never accept an office at the hands of his friends. His son, W. F. Scott, M. D., was a soldier in the war with Mexico, and served in the division that went to Santa Fe, New Mexico, and participated in several engagements with the Mexicans. He differed from his father politically dur- ing the late war, as he was First Lieutenant in the United States ai-my, and served thi'oughout the war. After the close of the war he returned home and commenced the study of medicine, and before his death had secured a large and lucrative practice at Elbia, Illinois, where his family now reside. S. E. Scott received a common-school education, and at the age of twenty-one years commenced life for himself. He moved to Jonesboro, Illinois, and engaged in railroading, and was contractor and sur- veyor of the Illinois Central Railroad, under the firm name of Bennett & Scott. During this time he was also engaged in the mercan- tile business at Anna, Illinois, which he con- tinued until 1860, when he sold his interest and moved to Dallas county, Texas. During his sojourn in Illinois Mr. Scott became ac- quainted with ex President Lincoln, Stephen A. Douglas, John A. Logan, and many other men of note. After arriving in this county he engaged in farming on rented land until 1860, when he bought a crop that was already under way, and in 1861 commenced clerking in a store at Dallas. He remained in the latter city from May, 1860, to October, 1861, when he moved to this locality, where he put in a crop the next year. In August, 1862, he joined Company I, Thirtieth Texas Cavalry, under Colonel E. G. Gerley and Captain Fayette Smith. He was always on detached service, and during the latter part of 968 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. tlie war was in the Commissary Department, but was nes'er engaged in any battles. The last year of the war he received the appoint- ment of purchasing agent for the purpose of buying and forwarding cattle. Mr. Scott was never off duty a single day from the time he entered the army until the close of the war in 1865. At the close of the war he had no land and only one horse, and for the first eight years he farmed on rented land, and in 1873 pur- chased 200 acres in Hunt county, paying $3 per acre for both prairie and timber land. He remained there until 1883, when he traded it for seventy-three acres in the same county, but sold the latter place in 1886, and came to Garland, and was the pioneer lumber merchant of this place. He continued this business three years, when he sold out and clerked one year in the store of which he now owns an interest. The present firm was formed in January. 1891, and they are now doing a general mercantile business of about 125,000 annually, and carry a stock of from $5,000 to 1110,000. Mr. Scott also owns one of tiie handsomest residences in the city. He has been three times married, first in 1854 to Miss Lucy A. Bennett, of Union county, Illinois, and daughter of T. A. and Mary (Nelson) Bennett, natives of Virginia. The father died, and the mother afterward moved to New Orleans, where she subsequently died. Mrs. Scott received a fine edncatio/i in the latter city, and after the death of her mother she came to Illinois and resided with her uncle, C. B. Waldo, in Marion county. She next lived with iier uncle, W. W. Ben- nett, of Jonesboro, where she was married to Mr. Scott. They were the parents of eight children, three boys and live girls, viz.: Will- iam W., who was killed by letting a gun fall from a wagon, and, hitting on the double tree, it discharged the load in his head; Richard A., who resides in Hunt county, Texas; Nellie, wife of G. W. Dodd, of Lone Oak township. Hunt county; Harry N., a resident of this county; Mary E., wife of Robert Nance, of Catoosa county, Georgia; Nannie B., wife of S. C. Hall; and Ida L., and Laura, at home. The mother died in 1879, at the age of forty- four years. She was a member of the Method- ist Episcopal Church South, was prominent in church affairs, a Sunday-school teacher, a faithful wife and a kind and indulgent mother. In June, 1880, Mr. Scott was mar- ried to Mrs. Veve Ware, nee Cole, and by liis marriage there were three children: Thomas M., Salem W. and Hugh (deceased). Mrs. Scott died in 1888, and in 1889 Mr. Scott married Miss Mary E., a native of Virginia and a school-teacher by occupation, and a member of the Bresbyterian Church. Mr. Scott for twenty-five years has been a meniber of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and is a licensed exhorter in thechurch and vice-presi- dent of the Dallas Sunday-school Associa- tion. He is also a member of the A. F. & A. M., Duck Creek Lodge, No. 441, of which he now holds the office of Chaplain. ILAS N. LAWLER has been identified with the interests of Te.xas since 1853. That year he purchased land in Will- iamson county, settled there and cultivated a crop. In 1854, his wife dying, he sold out and went to Limestone county, this State, where he remained with relatives three years. He then went to Denton county, bought land and improved a farm, on which he made his home for ten years. In 1869 he came to Dallas county, and after i-enting land one year, bought the property on which he now HISTORY OP DALLAS OOUNTY. 969 resides. He tirst jiurcUased 160 acres at ^4 per aure, and to this, in 1877, he added another tract of 160 acres, paying for it $9 an acre. His farm now comprises 320 acres and is valued at $40 an acre. It is well im- proved with good buildings, fences, etc., and one-half of it is under cultivation, his prin- cipal products being wheat, oats, corn and cotton. He also has some stock, chiefly horses and mules. Mr. Silas N. Lawler was born in Simpson county, Kentucky, November 4, 1822, and was reared to farming pursuits. His father was extensively engaged in farming opera- tions and owned about seventy slaves. After Silas N. grew up he superintended the farm. At the time the war broke out he owned ten slaves himself. When hostilities ceased he found himself the possessor of 160 acres of land in Denton county, a few cattle and two horses. In 1863 he entered the Confederate service; was a body guard at Bonham and other places; was transferred to Baley's regi- ment, then back to Bonham, and from there to the coast of Louisiana, thence to Bonham again, where he received a furlough to go home. Ten days later he went back to Bonham, and remained until the close of the war. He accepted the results of the war with the best of grace, returned home and resumed his farming operations. Samuel Lawler, father of the subject of our sketch, was boru in Kentucky. James Law- ler, liis father, came to this country from Ireland, married a lady in Virginia, and Samuel was the only son born to them. The latter married Miss Mary Neely, daughter of David Neely, who died in Kentucky. Samuel and Mary Lawler were the parents of four daughters and eight sons. One son besides the subject of this sketch resides in Texas — in Kimball county. The father came to Texas to visit them, and died in 1870, at the home of Silas N. Mr. Lawler was tirst married to Miss Aletha A. Rowland, daughter of Fina Z. Rowland, of Kentucky. Her father came to Texas in 1853; died in Kentucky in 1881. Their union was blessed in the birth of three children, — Samuel E., Finis E. and Silas M., Samuel E. and Silas M. each dying at about the age of nine months. The wife and mother passed away February 24, 1854. March 27, 1857, Mr. Lawler wedded Miss Mary A. Davis, daughter of Patsey Davis, who came from Virginia to Texas in 1854. Eiffht children were l)orn to them, viz. : James H., Batsey L., John W., Virgil V., Mary B., Aletha A., and two infants who died unnamed. While a resident of Denton county Mr. Lawler served as Justice of the Peace. He was formerly a Whig, but now affiliates with the Democratic party. He is a Mason, and he and his family are members of the Cum- berland Presbyterian Church. PllAVID A. B. FLOYD was born in Ken- tucky, July 28, 1835. His father, John B. Floyd, was a Kentuckian l>y birth, and was a prominent man in that State. He served two terms in the Legislature. hi 1854 the Floyd family came to Texas and settled in Dallas county, where the father purchased a large tract of land, for which he paid $4.52 per acre. A pole shanty was on the place and eight acres of laud had been broken. He at once began the work of im- provement, hauled lumber from eastern Texas and built the flrst two-story house in the county. Their tirst wheat crop averaged forty bushels per acre. After three years of 970 BISTORT OP DALLAS CODNTV. earnest work they had developed a good farm. The father died in 1888, at the age of sev- enty-three years, and the mother is etill liv- ing, having reached her seventy-ninth year. They had a family of six children, David A. B., being the oldest. Four of their sons served in the army, and all returned home after the war. David A. B. Floyd was nineteen years old when he landed in Texas. He subsequently returned to Kentucky, where, in 1861, he was married to Miss Martha E. Cooper, daughter of Liiisey Cooper, a member of a prominent Kentucky family. While in that State, Mr. Floyd was drafted by the Federal Govern- ment; but he ran off, went to Canada, worked in the ship yards, and remained there until the war closed. Mr. Floyd is now one of the model farmers of Dallas county, much taste as well as enterprise being displayed in the arrangement of his well-kept premises. He and his wife liave live children, Julia, John L., Mary B., Gip D., and Kit C. Mr. Flojd is associated with the Masonic fraternity and is a member of the Christian Church. ^%¥ — fOHN T. SAUNDERS came to Texas in 1852 and located in Dallas county. Soon after his arrival here he purchased 320 acres of land, on which was a temporary building and forty acres under cultivation. After living there two years he sold out and boutrht the farm on which he now resides. Here he owns 300 acres, 125 acres under cul- tivation and all well fenced. He has im- ])roved his farm with good buildings, etc., and is comfortably situated. His principal crojis are wheat, oats, corn and cotton, and he also raises stock. Mr. Saunders was born in Logau county, Kentucky, March 30, 1823; was reared on a farm and received a limited education. Thomas Saunders, his father, was a native of Virginia, and at an early day moved to Ken- tucky, remaining there till the time of his death, about 1855. Mr. Saunders' mother, nee Mildred Minnus, was a daughter of Rob- ert Minnus, they, too, being natives of Vir- ginia. He isoneof a family of eleven children, whose names are lierewith given: ISancy, who married Bazil Wood; Robert S., a resi- dent of Kentucky; Elizabeth married John Wood, a Baptist minister; Matilda married Randolph Hughs; Martha, deceased; Mary, also deceased; John Thomas, the subject of this sketch; Drury, a resident of Kentucky; Susan, who married Richard Salmons; Sally, who married Dr. Cross; and David, who died in infancy. The father and mother are both dead. Mr. Saunders lived with his parents until the time of his marriage. In November, 1843, he wedded Miss Fanny Huffhines, a daughter of John Huffhines of Kentucky. Her father came to Texas in 1853. Mr. Saunders then rented land and engaged in farming in his native State, continuing there until 1852, when he emigrated to Texas. When he came here he had a team and wagon and but very little money. He went earnestly to work and was getting along nicely when the war came on. In 1863 he enlisted in Company H, Stone's second regiment, and continued in the service till the war closed. He was en- gaged chiefly in scouting, being with the forces that operated in Louisiana, Arkansas and Texas. Returning to his farm, he has since been engaged in agricultural pursuits. In 1885 he took charge of the water tank on the Houston & Texas Central railroad, which position be still holds. Following are the names of the children HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 971 born to him and his wife: Elizabeth, whose iirst and second husbands, John Routh and William Pendleton, arc dead, is now the wife of a Mr. McDonald; John; Nancy, who married James Nash, has since died; Virgil, who died at the age of sixteen years; Frankie, who married William Brown; Amanda, wife of Harvey Wilson; Philip, Ainos, Thomas and Eniina. His wife died February 1, 1890. January 1, 1891, he wedded Mrs. Sarah Evans, whose acquaintance he had formed in Louisiana during the war, when a comrade of his was sick at her home. Her father, John Wagner, a native of Pennsylvania, has lived in Louisiana since he was seventeen, and all her relatives live in the latter State. Politically, Mr. Saunders is a Democrat. He is a member of the Missionary Baptist Church. HILIP W. HUFFHINES dates bis in Kentucky, in August, 1832. On a farm in that State he was reared, and there received his education. In 1853 he was married, and that same year, in com- pany with his father's family, came to Texas and located in Dallas county. He soon bought land and improved a farm, which he sold in 1860. He then purciiased the place on which he now resides. This farm consists of 150 acres, all being fenced and 100 acres under cultivation. It is devoted to general farming and stock-raising. John Huft'hines, father of tiie subject of our sketch, was born in Kentucky, son of Christopher Huffhines, a native North Caro- lina and a descendant of German ancestry. John IlufiFhines married Miss Elizabeth Wright, a native of New York, by whom he had fourteen children. Ail lived to be grown and married, and at this writing there are ninety grandchildren, and great-grandchildren too numerous to mention. Nine of the sons served in the Confederate army. One was killed in battle, one died of sickness, and seven returned and are yet living. The names of this family in the order of birth are as follows: William, Christopher, George, Fanny, Mary, Philip W., John, James, Thomas, Elizabeth, Amatida, Robert, D. F. and Cinderella. Fanny is now the wife of Thomas Saunders. Mary first married D. Doty, and afterward James Heffington. Elizabeth is the wife of W. J. Halsell. Amanda married F. B. Harris, and Cinde- rella wedded Henry Hatcher. The father was by occupation a farmer and stock-raiser, and was an honored and useful citizen. He and his wife both lived to see their children all married and have families. His death occurred March 15, 1875, and his wife de- parted this life in 1886. Philip Huffhines was first married in 1853, to Miss Harriet Bell. Her father, Harvey Bell, passed his life and died in Kentucky. Mr. and Mrs. Huffhines had two children, Sarah and John, the former dying at the age of fourteen years and the latter living only six months. The wife and mother died in April, 1860. In February, 1862, Mr. Huff- hines was joined in wedlock with Miss Mary C. Moss. Her father, Fred Moss, a native of Kentucky, came to Texas in 1845, took a headright and improved a farm. His death occurred about 1884, his wife having pre- ceded him to the other world. Following are Mr. Huffhines' children liy his second wife: Etfa, AVillie, Philip and Oscar. During the late war Mr. Huffhines was not one to shrink from what he considered to be his duty. He enlisted in 1862 and served until the war closed, being with Morgan in Kentucky one year and acting as Sergeant, 973 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. later being on the frontier. During his ser- vice he was never wounded or captured. Mr. Huffhines was an active and influential member of the Grange at the time it nour- ished here. In 1881 that organization es- tablished a store at Richardson, which was successfully conducted three years. At the end of that time, the Grange losing power and influence on account of tiie Alliance, a few of the stockholders deemed it necessary to buy up the stock. Three of thetn accord- ingly purchased the stock, and the store has since been conducted under the firm name of Thompson, Hetiington & Hutfhines. They carry a 110,000 stock, and their sales aver- age $12,000 per annum. Mr. Huffhines is a Knight of Honor; has been a nicmlier of the Baptist Church for thirty-three years; and in politics has been a Democrat since Fillmore ran for President. A fact worthy of note in the history of his father's family is that none of the nine sons ever uses tobacco or drinks intoxicating liquor. The seven now living are all engaged in agricultural pursuits, and are occupying useful and honorable positions in life. « l>0 1^||ILLIAM H. STARK, Jr., was born Wfjmk ill Tennessee, June 15, 1850. In C*=t|^J 18(j0, in company with his father's family, he came to Texas, making the journey by teams, and settled in Collin county. In the fall of 1865 they moved to Dallas county, where he has since lived. All his education has been received in the common schools of this State. He remained under the parental roof until he was twenty-eight, and then, in February, 1878, he was married and moved upon a farm he had previously purchased. He now owns 212 acres of fine land, 150 of which are under cultivation, raising wheat, oats and corn. He gives most of his atten- tion to raising corn, and feeds cattle for the market. He also rents land and cultivates cotton. At an early day before railroads were built through this section of the country, Mr. Stark was engaged in teaming in connec- tion with his farming operations. In his various undertakings he has been successful and has made money. Mr. Stark married Miss Isabell Stratton, a daughter of Thomas Stratton. Her father came from Kentucky to Texas in 1848 and settled in Dallas county, where he lived till the fall of 1888, when he moved to Potter county, purchasing a large track of land there. He is now a resident of Amarilla; is connected with a bank there, is County Com- missioner, and is also largely interested in the stock business. Mr. and Mrs. Stark have four children: Oscar, born January 24, 1882; Charles T., July 5, 1884; Robert C, Febru- ary 28, 1887; and Willie, September 29, 1889. Mr. Stark has served as School Trustee and also as a member of the Board of Overseers. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and also of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. AV. H. Stark, Sr., father of the subject of our sketch, was born in Torquay, Devonshire, England, October 26, 1823. He learned the printing trade and followed that while in England. In 1849 lie married Miss Keziah Tucker, who was born in Plymouth, England, June 1, 1822. They were married on the road in Engiand, having started from their homes for America. Arriving in New York in the month of May, 1849, Mr. Stark began work at his trade. The following December he set out for the Ducktown copper mines of Tennessee. The mines proving a failure, he bought land there, built a home and developed ^^-^yy r ni8T0UY OP DALLAS COUNTY. 973 a farm, continuin^r to reside there, engaged in agricultural pursuits, until 1859, when he sold out. The following year, as above stated, he emigrated to Texas and settled in Collin county. While in Tennessee in 1855, he had been naturalized, and in 1862 he enlisted in Throckmorton's company. Stone's regiment, and was actively engaged with the forces that operated in Louisiana, Arkansas and Texas, remaining in the service until the close of the war and coming home in 1865. That year he bought land in Dallas county, near Scyene. Selling it soon afterward, he purchased a farm in Precinct No. 2, same county, where he re- sided until 1878. That year he sold out and retired from the active labors of farm life. He is now living at Richardson, Dallas county. In 1853 Mr. Stark made a trip to England, and on his return to this country brought his mother and three sisters with him. The mother died in Tennessee soon after her arrival, in 1853, and the sisters all married. Mr. Stark has lived to see his children mar- ried, settled on farms and doing well. In his family were four sons, three of whom are living, namely: William H., Jr., John L., and Robert S. Frederick died in 1877, at the age of nineteen years. ^0L. CHARLES S. MITCHELL, one ot the early settlers of Dallas county, was born in Franklin county, Virginia, February 25, 1840, the fourth of seven chil- dren born to James an"d Leticia (Burwell) Mitchell, natives of Botetourt and Bedford counties, Virginia, respectively, the father born about 1812 and the mother in 1815. They moved to Saline county, Missouri, in in 1850. By a special order of the Secre- tary of War, the family for political reasons were banished the State in 1865, and in 63 consequence removed to Houston, Texas, where the father died in 1870. The mother survived him until 1886, dying at the resi- dence of her son, Joseph, at Fort Worth. His grandfather, Samuel Mitchell, was an early pioneer of Virginia, was a soldier in the Revolutionary war, and later moved to Saline county, Missouri, where he subsequently died. His grandfather, John Spotswood Burwell, was also an early pioneer of Virginia, and was very prominent during the Colonial times. The Mitchells, Rectors, Severes and Burwells, were of old and prominent fami- lies, the male members being men of marked individuality and sterling worth, holding responsible positions in the Government and in society, all along the line from the Colo- nial days to the present period. They were potent factors in the Revolution, and in the birth of the Republic, in the formation of States, and in their growth and development, secured the highest honors from time to time within their gifts. Colonel James Mitchell, the father of the subject of this memoir, was a man of high intellectuality, great force of character and strict integrity, being conscientious, almost to a faiilt. He was a man of fine physique, t^ll and stately, and of digniiied and courtly bearing: yet he was social and pleasing in his manners, winning all who approached him, by his genial nature and kind, benevolent lieart. He lost everything by the war, and was much broken in spirit at the defeat of the Confederacy, which cause he ardently espoused. But when he came to Texas as a refugee, he directed his energy and ability to repair his broken fortunes, and to the advance- ment of his adopted State. He earnestly labored to bring about reconstruction, and to sweep away the disasters which war had brought upon the people. He was the pro- 974 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. jector of the Houston & Great Northern railroad, which he lived to see under process of completion; and gave his ahilitj, his valu- able counsel and experience to the aid of many other public enterprises. He had the conlidence and esteem of the people, and died lamented by all who knew him. Of the Mitchell family three children are now livinor, namely: Mrs. Nellie Stockton, of St. Louis, Missouri, now the widow ot Cap- tain E. C. Stockton, of the United States Navy and afterward of the Confederate Navy; Joseph Burwell, a resident of AiTstin, Texas; and Charles S., the subject of this sketch. Charles Mitchell was educated in the pri- vate school of Edwin Wyman, at St. Louis, at the Kemper schools of Booneville, Missouri, at the Arcadia College of Arcadia, Missouri, at the Central College of Fayette, same State, and then under the private tutelage of Prof. Newton, of Yale College. After completing bis education Colonel Mitchell went to St. Louis and began reading law, but on account of the breaking out of the late war he returned home, enlisting, in 18(51, in the Missouri State Guards, with wliich he remained until its re-organization. Mr. Mitchell was pro- moted from Sergeant to Lieutenant, then to Captain, next to Major, then Lieutenant- Colonel and afterward Colonel. He also acted as Brigadier General. He commanded when only twenty-four years old a Confederate Brigade of Missouri Infantry, composed of Mitchell, Clark, Perkins and Searcy's regi- ments and Kuflner's Missouri battery. Col- onel Mitchell was in command at Shreveport at the surrender, after which he returned to Missouri. During the war he was in the battles of Booneville, Lexington, Elk Horn, Prairie Grove, Pleasant Hill, Mansfield, Saline River, and many others. After his marriage Colonel Mitchell settled in Dallas, Texas, and in 1872 he engaged in tlie wholesale hardware business, which he continued until 1885, and in that year he re- tired from active business. He is capacitated by constitutional construction for the concep- tion and execution of extensive business affairs, and, although cautious in his under- takings, is bold to pursue a line of policy once determined on, and with a pertinacity that works uniformly through successes or embarrassments. Being a man of rare natural o abilities, varied attainments and great culture. Colonel Mitchell not only feels a deep interest, but also takes active part and is a potent factor in the progressive movements of the day. Devoted to his section and his State he is every ready to contribute freely of his coun- sel, his experience, his time and his funds to the advancement of both, politically, com- mercially and industrially, yet this devotion begets neither the prejudices nor passions which often characterize those who are less traveled or read in the world's affairs. In his language and his manners he is the em- bodiment of courtesy and elegance, while his home has ever been noted for domestic happi- ness and hospitable entertainment. He was married in Arkansas, April 25, 1864, to Miss Julia Severe Rector, a native of Little Rock, Arkansas, and daughter of Governor H. M. and Jane (Field) Rector, natives of Missouri and Kentucky, respectively. Governor Rec- tor resides in Little Rock; Mrs. Rector died in Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1856. Mrs. Mitchell died in Dallas, 1880, leaving four children: Cliarles S., Jr., who is connected with the American National Bank of this city; Lillian, a graduate of the TJrsuline Con- vent; Willie, attending school; and Julia S., who died at the home of her grandfather in Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1882. Colonel Mitchell was again married in 1882, to Mrs. HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 975 Fanani Thruston Rector, widow of E. K. Forman, and sister of his first wife, of Wash- iiicrton. District of Columbia. She has one daughter by her former marriage, Helen, who is now attending the Episcopal College. Mr. and Mrs. Mitchell have two children: Grace and Margaret. Both Mr. and Mrs. Mitchell are members of the Episcopal Church. W. FANT, druggist, 356 Bryant street, Dallas, Texas, has been identified with '* the growth and prosperity of this city since he located here in 1883, and is now one of its most prominent business men. Briefly given, a resume of his life is as follows: Mr. Fant was born in Virginia, December 81, 1838, son of Elias and Jane Fant, both Datives of the Old Dominion. His father was interested in the salt works of his native valley, and was a man of some prominence in his day. He was an earnest Christian and a leading member of the Methodist Church. Sometime in the early '40s he made a visit to his brother in Mississippi, traveling by coach, and on the Journey contracted a severe cold. He died about 1844, after a year's sick- ness, aged thirty-eight years. The subject of our sketch was an only child, and his mother died when he was about six weeks old. She, too, was a Methodist and a devoted Christian. After the death of his father, young Fant, at the age of six years, was taken to Holly Springs, Mississippi, and reared by his uncle, James W. Fant. This uncle was a civil en- gineer, and to him belongs the distinction of having established all the county lines in Arkansas and Mississippi. Mr. Fant was educated in private schools and at the State University of Mississippi. He quit school on account of failing health, and began the drug business TTiider Dr. Litchfield at Holly Springs. When the war came on he enlisted in the first company that was made up as home guards in Holly Springs. This company was subsequently merged into the Fourth Missis- sippi Cavalry and was with General Forrest for thirty-six months. Mr. Fant was in all the raids with that noted general, serving on scout duty most of the time; was at Selma, the last battle of the war. He was never wounded, but at one time had his horse's tail shot off. He was in close places many times and saw his share of hard fighting. The war closing Mr. Fant returned to the drug business. For thirteen years he was a druggist of Little Kock, and from there in 1883 came to Dallas. Here he has since been engaged in his present business. He was married in January, 1859, to Miss M. E. Potts, daughter of E. P. Potts, of Mar- shall county, Arkansas. His only child by this union is Dora, now living in Virginia, wife of John M. Hughes, a merchant. His second marriage occurred in 1878, with Miss M. A. Westmoreland, daughter of N. B. West- moreland of Tennessee. Both he and his wife are members of the Presbyterian Church. Mrs. Fant is a Sunday-school teacher, a lady of much literary culture and social refinement. Both occupy high social positions. -«^ ^5^- A. SPAIN, one of the prosperous and representative citizens of this county, * who is worthy of mention in this volume, was born March 7, 1850, in Logan county, Kentucky, the son of Matthew R. and Emeline (Seymore) Spain, both native's of Virginia, who came to Kentucky early in 976 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. life. About 1849 they moved to Washing- ton county, Illinois, where they resided till 1869, when they came by wagon to Texas, arriving in December, in the vicinity of Wheatland. After rentino- land for two years, they bought a tract of 140 acres, mostly wild, which they proceeded to im- prove. They were the parents of live sur- viving children, all of whom are married and till recently lived in this county. Mr. D. A. Spain, the third child of the five living children, was reared on the farm, and married in October, 1885, Miss Fannie Brown, a native of Kentucky and a daughter of William G. and Susan (Bentlj) Brown, natives of Kentucky. The latter are the parents of eight living children. They have been identified with Dallas county since 1870, till two years ago, when they moved to Archer county, where they now reside. Mr. and Mrs. Spain are the parents of two chil- dren, — Walter and Ila. His father, being a cripple for a number of years previous to his death, left the responsibility of obtaining a livelihood for the family on the sons, of whom the subject of this sketch was promi- nent. By his skill and industry he has ob- tained a considerable portion of this world's goods. He now has a well-improved farni of 145 acres, in a fine state of cultivation. On his premises everything points to the thrift and enterprise that is characteristic of a pros- perous farmer. !,EV. M. M. DAVIS, the regularly in- stalled pastor of the Dallas Central Christian Church, residence at 833 Live Oak street, was born in Pittsylvania county, Virginia, June 21, 1850. His parents were Christopher and Martha (Edwards) Davis, both native Virginians. The father was a farmer and trader, still supervising the farm; was a very extensive trader before the war. He is still living on his farm on which he was born eighty-five years ago, and on that he has lived ever since; was quite an exten- sive farmer. He was too old to take part in the late war. Was one of the judges of the county for many years; he was extensively known over his county. Is now a member of the Christian Church. His wife died in 18G0, a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, for many years. These par- ents had twelve children, five of whom are still living: our subject and two brothers, C. T. and A. B., the latter two living in Missouri; the other two, John and Fred, farmers, still live in Virginia. The father had six sons in the late war: George, John, Fred, James, Christopher, and the subject of this memoir. George was killed in a cavalry engagement near the Wilderness; James was killed while in command of a line of sharp- shooters in front of Petersburg; John was disabled for life, wounded by a minie ball in the neck, in front of Petersburg. The other three came through without a wound. Our subject enlisted June 21, 1864, in Company C, doorman's battalion, on his fifteenth birthday. Four days later, as Orderly Ser- geant, he ^opk part in his first engagement, at Roanoke Bridge, on the Kichmond & Danville railway. He was in the army of -Northern Yirgiuia, with Lee on the lines in front of Lynchburg and Richmond; also did some service on the coast of North Carolina, repelling invasions. He weighed less than 100 pounds. He had been examined and recommended for the position of Fii'st Lieu- tenant at the time of the surrender. He was in Danville, and they disbanded on the 11th, at Danville, near his home. He stood the service exceedingly well. HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 977 The war closing he went upon the farm. He and two brothers (the negroes being free) took charge of their father's 1,500-acre farm, and tried their hand at making a living. They succeeded well, made money, saved the farm, and went to school in the winters to the best schools they had. Mr. Davis then entered a musical academy and spent a year in that institution, then taught for several years, succeeding well, and then came to Missouri, in his nineteenth year, and taught for two years. In the meantime he united with the Christian Church, in Callaway county, Missouri. After determining to devote his time to the ministry he entered the University of Kentucky, at Lexington, remained there two years, and then returned to Missouri, and has been filling pulpits ever since. His first work was with country churches in Boone and Howard counties. Then he located for three years at Rocheport, and then was at Nevada, Missouri, five years, next one and a half years at Butler, Missouri, five years at Sedalia, same State, and now is in his second year, in the Central Christian Church, the largest Protestant congregation in the city, the resi- dent membership being 650, and a non- resident membership forty, make nearly 700 members. The church has increased in membership, there being 320 additions since his advent as minister. They are building a church in which they are now worshiping, not completed, which will cost when finished about 175,000. One peculiarity of the church work is that they have a flourishing Chinese Sunday- school, and, as an evidence of the good work being accomplished in this school, eight of the scholars have recently become Christians. The Chinese school numbers about twenty- five pupils. The other Sunday-school has 300. The church has two flourishing Chris- tian Endeavor societies, the senior number- ing seventy-five, the junior fifty-one, persons. Mr. Davis' work speaks in unmistakable terms of his efficiency in his chosen calling. Rev. Davis was married to Miss Mary E. Davis (not a relative), February 2, 1876, in Saline county, Missouri. She is a daughter of Prof. J. P. Davis. They have had one child, Emma, now in her fifteenth year, a bright and promising child, a member of the church, and teacher in the Sunday-school of the Central Church; and the wife also is a teacher and member of the same church. IROFESSOR M. THOMAS EDGER- |6 TON, an eminent educator and presi- dent of Oak Cliff College, for young ladies, is a native of Wayne county. North Carolina, where he was born December 5, 1856. His parents are Michael and Chelly (Sullivan) Edgerton, natives of North Caro- lina. His father is an agriculturist, and has dealt largely in live-stock and provisions, but is now retiring from active business pursuits. He was born in 1820, and is a Quaker, and, as such was exempt, by the laws of North Carolina, from military duty. He is a promi- nent and active member of tlie Society of Friends. He and his worthy wife were the parents of nine sons, eight of whom are grown and married, and all but two, the suljject of this sketch and the youngest, are farmers. Their school days came at the time of the war, and in consequence their educational facilities were limited, and they were almost obliged to resort to agricultural pursuits; they are, however, men of sterling qualities of character and thoroughly versed in their 978 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. vocation in which they are very successful. The subject of this sketch is the eighth of the children, and graduated at Oak Ridge Institute, and later attended Carson College, Tennessee, subsequently graduating, in 1885, at the University at Nasliville, in Nashville. In 1876 he commenced to teach in Fremont, North Carolina, continuing in that vocation at that point for six years. He then taught for one year in Pine Forest Academy, locat- ing near Goldshoro, in the same State; after vchich he taught a year in Maple Hill Acad- emy, near Lewisburg, Tennessee. Following this, he was for six years president of the Tennessee Female College at Franklin, Ten- nessee, which college b>:ilding occupies the site of the old college, that was used by the Federal army, at the time of the war, as a hospital. He has acted during the past year as Vice-President of Waco Female College. The changes lie has made have always been to better his condition either in salary or studies. December 21, 1880, he was married to Miss Virginia Belle Stafford, an educated and cul- tivated lady, a daughter of Sheriff R. M. Stafford, of Oak Ridge, Guilford county. North Carolina. Mr. Stafford was Sheriff of that county for fifteen years, commencing in 1865, previous to which he held the ofBce of Constable of the county for the same length of time, making thirty years of official life in the county. During the last four years of his term as Sheriff, he preached every Sunday in the Methodist Episcopal South. He is a very devoted man, is highly respected in his community, and belongs to a prominent family there, fie was born in the year 1827, and married Miss Margaret Sapp, who is still living, and who is a most devout woman, pos- sessing great ability and almost unparalleled business tact. She raised a family of six children on the farm, which place she man- aged alone for fifteen years, while her hus- band served as Sheriff. Mrs. Edgerton is the second of six children. At Oak Cliff College, Mrs. Edgerton is manager and proprietor of tiie boarding de- partment, for which she is amply qualitied, being a kind and motherly person, of superior education and culture, and perfectly self- reliant. Their prospects here are most flat- tering, and their success is a foregone con- clusion. Mr. and Mrs. Edgerton have one child, M. Thomas Edgerton, Jr. In his social affiliations Mr. Edgerton is a prominent member of the Masonic fratern- ity. Both he and his worthy wife are earnest and useful members of tiie Methodist Epis- copal Church South, to the support of which they liberally contribute. Texas is determined to have the best of everything, and the selection of Mr. and Mrs. Edgerton to train her youth is confirmatory of her avowed princi{)les, and reflects credit on all concerned. fH. CURTIS, a farmer ten miles west of the city of Dallas, was born in Mc- '^ Dowell county, North Carolina, De- cember 5, 1838, a son of Robert Curtis, a native of the same county. The latter sub- sequently removed to Shannon county, Mis- souri, and shortly afterward to Beutonville, Arkansas, where he died March 6, 1891, at the age of seventy-five years. Our subject's mother, nee Emily Curtis, was a daughter of Moses Curtis, also a native of McDowell coun- ty, North Carolina. Mrs. Curtis was born and reared in that county, and died many years ago at Beutonville, Arkansas. Mr. and Mrs. BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 979 Curtis liad seven children, viz.: J. H., our suliject; William, a fanner and stock-raiser of Indian Territory; Moses, a physician of Bell county, this State; John W., a miller of Benton ville, Arkansas; Mollie, the widow of George Green, and a resident of Bentonville; Sarah, the wife of William Runnells, also of Bentonville; and George, deceased. The subject of this sketch remained at Bentonville, Arkansas, until 1858, and at that date he decided to try his fortune in the West. He made a trip to Pike's Peak, and remained in the mountains about twelve months, after which he returned to Benton- ville, and later to Texas, and was here at the opening of the Civil war. He enlisted in the Confederate service in the spring of 1861, in Company A, Twenty-fifth Texas Cavalry, and served in the Trans-Mississippi Depart- ment, from the Rio Grande to the Louisiana State line. He entered as a private, and was mustered out a Lieutenant, and also served a part of the time as Captain of couriers. After the close of the war Mr. Curtis returned to Dallas county, and in 1865 settled down to farm life, and, with the exception of a few years spent in Young and Jack counties, this State, he has resided in Dallas county for the last twenty-five years, and has been alter- nately engaged in farming, stock-raising and the mercantile business. He now has a farm of 160 acres, a large part of which is under a fine state of cultivation. Mr. Curtis was married in 1865, to a daughter of Wesley and Sarah (Wilson) Cur- tis, natives of Fayette county, Kentucky. The latter came to this county in 1847, set- tling about six miles west of the city of Dallas. They located a farm of 160 acres, where the father died December 18, 1885, at the age of sixty-eight years, and the mother in March, 1875, at the age of fifty-eight years. They both were members of the Baptist Church, having spent the greatei- part of their lives in the sei-vices of that church, and both were buried in the old family cemetery on the farm. They had a family of nine children, viz.: Paulina, the wife of D. A. La- cy, a sketch of whom appears in this work; Morgan, deceased ; Parmelia, the wife of J. n. Curtis; William, deceased; Martha, who died at the age of four years; Ellis, residing on the old homstead; Susan, deceased; Nan- nie, who married T. A. Gray, of this county, and now deceased ; and Lee, a resident of Dallas county. Mrs. Curtis was born in Cass County, Missouri, September 30, 1843, and was but four years of age when her parents came to this county. Mr. and Mi-s. Curtis have had seven children, as follows: Robert Wesley was born July 30, 1866; William Madison, Juiie 10, 1869; Don Carlos, June 12, 1871; Dora Lee, February 17, 1874; Bir- die C, November 21, 1876; Lillie, October 24, 1881; and Leo, October 13, 1884. The eldest child, Robert Wesley, died December 23, 1874; Birdie C. died September 8, 1880; and Dora Lee was married to Thomas P. Ross, of Dallas county, December 30, 1888. F. MILLICAN, a farmer fifteen miles northwest of the city of Dallas, was * born in Jackson county, Alabama, May 9, 1840, the youngest child of Benjamin F. and Rebecca (Howell) Millican, and a brother of Fi-ancis Marion Millican, a sketch of whom appears in this work. Benjamin F., our subject, removed to Missouri in 1860, and in tlie summer of 1861 he entered the Confed- erate array, enlisting in Conapauy H, Six- teenth Missouri Cavalry, in the six-months troops. He served out his term of enlist- 980 HT8T0MY OF DALLAS COUNTY. inent, but being unsafe for himself and family to remain in Missouri, he decided to come to Texas, locating his family on a farm ten miles west of Dallas. He returned as far east as Slireveport, Louisiana, where he entered the Sixteenth Missouri Infantry, with which he served until the close of the war, being mus- tered out in June, 1865. He served as a private, and also as Sergeant, and was in tiie battle of Pea Ridge, Arkansas, with Price on his raid into Missouri, and was in a number of small skirmishes. After the close of the war Mr. Millican returned to his family in Texas, settling on a farm which he and his brother, Francis Marion, had bought on Cedar mountain, west of the city of Dallas. He resided there until 1873, when he traded his interest in that farm for a tract of seventy- five acres lying on Grapevine prairie, in the northwest corner of the county. He has added to this place from time to time until he now owns 135 acres, and also twenty acres of timber land. Mr. Millican was married in Jackson county, Alabama, December 15, 1858, to Miss Sarah Eliza Ellen Russell, a daughter of Conn and Elizabeth Russell. Mrs. Millican was born and reared in Jackson county, and ac- companied her husband to Missouri, sharing with him the hardships of the life which that move brought him, not the least of which were the outrages which the families of the Confederate soldiers and sympathizers were subjected to just preceding and during the early years of the war. She also managed the home affairs and took care of the little ones while her husband was away in the army. Mr. and Mrs. Millican have had five children, — Nancy Davis, Mary Ellen, James Edward, Fannie Belle and Annie May. Mr. and Mrs. Millican and the two eldest daughters are members of the Missionary Baptist Church. Socially, the former is a zealous Mason, hav- ing been a member of that ancient and lion- orable fraternity for nineteen years, joining Grapevine Lodge in 1871, and was an active member of that organization until his with- drawal to assist in organizing Estelle Lodge, No. 585. He was made Senior Warden of Estelle Lodge at the time of its organization, which position he held for two years, and since that time he has been Worshipful Mas- ter of the lodge, except two years, during one of which he was Treasurer. *^ ^ fAMES E. JACKSON, a successful and highly respected farmer of Dallas county, has been identified with the interests of this State since 1846. He came to Texas in 1846 with his father and family when he was about twenty years of age. The father and three sons, including James E., took a head- right under the Peters colony. Two of the bi'others went to the Mexican war and one re- turned, one of them dying soon afterward. The others improved their land, and James E. is still residing on his. Here he has lived and reared his family. Six of his children are married and he has helped them to good farms, all within three miles of the old home place. The first year of their residence in Texas, the Jackson family lived in true pio- neer style. They had to go to the Red river country for bread stuff, but after the first year they had no difliculty, as they raised a good crop. Game of all kinds was plenty. In 1851, on the 10th of January, Mr Jack- son was married. He then began improving his own claim, and continued thus employed until 1863. During these years he prospered, made many substantial improvements on his farm, and had 100 acres under cultivation. HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 981 and a number of horses and other stock. The war continuing to rage, he enlisted, in 1863, in the Confederate army; was in Cap- tain Stratton's company, Stone's regiment, and took part in numerous engagements in Louisiana, Arkansas and Texas. He received only a few slight wounds and was never cap- tured. After the close of the war ho was mustered out at Houston, returned home and resumed his farming operations. Mr. Jackson's father, John Jackson, was a native of East Tennessee. He grew to man- liood and was married there, the lady he wedded being Miss Eliza Brown, of Tennessee. In 1837- they moved to Missouri, and nine years later came to Texas, settling as above stated. The father was a cooper by trade, at which he worked in Tennessee. After com- ing to Texas, however, his attention was de- voted almost exclusively to farming and stock-raising. He died in Texas in 1868, after a useful and prosperous career. Following are the names of the nine children composing his family: Andrew S., Williaui C, James E., John G., James T., Mary J., Euth A., Nancy L. and Hannah L. The subject of our sketch chose for his life companion and married Diana J. Davis. Her parents, H. C. and Sally R. (Parrish) Davis, natives of Virginia, came to Texas in 1846 and settled in Dallas county. Mrs. Davis died about June, 1867, and Mr. Davis de- parted this life in October, 1877. He obtained a headright through the Peters colony, and made his home on it the rest of his life. Mr. and Mrs. Jackson have liad seven children, viz.: Andrew C, born November 30, 1851, died June 9, 1865; Ardelia E., born April 17, 1853; Henson C, March 19; 1855; John Thomas, March 15, 1857; Benjamin J., July 5, 1859; Jefferson, February 24, 1863; and Caleb W., June 4, 1866. Politically, Mr. Jackson is a Democrat. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. In 1867 Mr. Jackson sustained a heavy loss from a cyclone that visited his place. All his buildings and much of his stock were de- stroyed. His family were all at home and, what is strange to say, none of them were in- jured. ;()UGLASS A. J. HART, the son of one of the oldest settlers in Dallas county, Texas, was born, in 1855, within three miles of Dallas, on the farm now owned by his father, ' A. Hart. A biography of his father appears on another page of this work. "Dug" Hart, as he is commonly called, was educated in the common schools of tliis county, and in early life was taught the practical workings of a farm. In 1876 he began life for himself, on a rented farm, and after renting land two years bought 100 acres of the place on which he now lives, for which he paid $5 an acre. He has since added to his original purchase, buying sixty acres in 1883, at $25 an acre, and 110 acres in 1890, at $36 an acre. On the first place he bought there were no improvements, but his well directed efforts have developed it into a model farm — one of the very nicest in this vicinity. His residence is surrounded with shade and ornamental trees, presenting a most attractive appearance, and the out- buildings and general surroundings all in- dicate the thrift and prosperity of the pro- prietor. He has splendid barns, three tenant houses, other buildings, etc., conveniently arranged for carrying on agricultural pur- suits in the most approved manner. Mr. Hart has been twice married. In 983 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 1877 he wedded Miss Theodosia Moodey, a native of Mississippi and a danghter of Dr. and Rebecca Moodey, by whoiti he had two children — Arthur and Elina. Mrs. Hart died in 1886, at the age of twenty-eight years. She was a most estimable woman and a devoted member of the Baptist Church. In 1887 Mr. Hart married Miss Julia Hobbs, daughter of Abe and Susan Hobbs, natives of Virginia. By his second wife he ,also had two children — Clarence and Ollie. Mrs. Julia Hart departed this life in August, 1890, and again Mr. Hart was called upon to mourn the loss of a loving companion. ^ E^ fIS'. FLOYD, a farmer of precinct No. 3, Dallas county, was born in Union ® county, Kentucky, in 1848, a son of J. D. and Sisan (Finnic) Floyd. The paternal grandfather of our subject, Nathaniel C, was born in Virginia, but came to Kentucky in an early day, where he became a promi- nent farmer. He came to this State with his son, J. D. Floyd, settling east of Dallas, where he lived until his death, which oc- curred ill 1867. The father of Nathaniel C. was John Floyd, who served his country in the war of Independence, was well-known throughout Virginia, and reared a family of sons wiio were all men of more then ordinary intelligence. Nathaniel C was his eldest son, and J. D., the father of our subject, was the first- born of the latter. J. D. Floyd came to Texas in 1850, settling seven miles north of Dallas, where he engaged in farm- ing and stock raising. He served in the late war between the North and South two years, and afterward bought land for §5 per acre, where he lived until 1887, when he moved to Smith county, where he died in 1889, at the age of fifty-seven years. He was one of the leading farmers in this county, and for many years was a member of the A. F. & A.. M., Dallas Lodge, and also of the Methodist Episcopal Church. His first wife died in 1874, at the ao-e of forty-eight years. They were the parents of six children, namely: J. N., our subject; Thomas S., of Dallas; Mary E., wife of T. W. Maston, of California; Anna and Cora, twins; the former, now deceased, was the wife of Paul Jamison, who afterward mar- ried the sister Cora; David H., who resides on the old homestead seven miles north of Dallas. A.fter the death of his first wife, Mr. Floyd, in 1885, married Mrs. Mary Mc Dugal, of Smith county. J. N. Floyd, our subject, was educated in the common schools of Dallas county, and was also under the instruction of Captain Robert Smith, a graduate of McKenzie Col- lege. In 1864 he joined Company C, Sixth Texas Cavalry, Ross' brigade, but did not participate in any battles. He came home at the close of the war and attended school three years in the country, as his father had lost money in both negroes and stock, and was not able to give him a collegiate course. At the age of twenty-one years he began life for himself, and first commenced the study of civil engineering, but preferring more manual labor he engaged in teaming for three years. He hauled lumber from eastern Texas in the summer, and in the winter freighted to the terminus of the Cen- tral railroad, and in this way amassed con- siderable money. In partnership with Captain June Reak he engaged in the stock business, buying, selling and driving to the northern markets, but in the fall of lS72-'73 there was a great fall in the price of cattle, and like most people in that business they HTSTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 983 lost lieavily. In 1872 Mr. F'loyd began farming on a place he bad purchased when yet a minor, seven miles north of Dallas. He first bought 160 acres, to which he has since added until he now owns 300 acres, which is worth $50 per acre, but cost only 111 per acre. In 1887, in addition to his farming, he engaged in the mercantile busi- ness at Farmers' Branch, but a short time afterward sold his interest to his partner, J. B. May, and in the same year opened a gen- eral store at Garland, where he is now one of the leading merchants. (). P. Thomas, present business manager for Mark Ellison, managed his business for three years, but in 1890 Mr. Floyd took charge of his own store. When he first opened his business he invested |700, and now carries a stock of from $6,000 to 110,000, and does an annual business of about $30,000. Mr. Floyd was married in 1872, to Miss Ella Thomas, a native of Kentucky, and daughter of Benjamin and Sarah (Savidge) Thomas, who came to this State about 1859. Mr. and Mrs. Floyd have two children, — Thomas B. and Annie S., both at home. Mr. Floyd is a member of the A. F. & A. M., James A. Smith Lodge, No. 395, and Mrs. Floyd is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. -^^^-^^^^/^^ fOHN ISAAC McLaughlin, pastor of the Tabernacle Methodist Episcopal Church. — The parents of this gentleman were of Scotch ancestry, the father, Joseph McLaughlin being a native of the old country; his mother was born in Ohio, December 12, 1812. Joseph McLaughlin came to America in 1844. In 1846 he married Miss Deborah Frame, a daughter of James Frame of Wash- ington county, Ohio, and they had six chil- dren: James, John I., Margaret, David C, Mary J. and Nancy R. The family moved from Ohio to Greene county, Indiana, in 1855, where they lived a quiet, industrious farm life until March 27, 1876, when the devoted Christian wife and mother rested from her labors, and where the husband still lives, at the advanced age of ninety-six. The parents were of the strictest type of old-school Scotch Presbyterians. When they came to Indiana, there was no Presbyterian Church within fifteen miles. The children went to a Method- ist Episcopal Sunday-school, were converted in Methodist meetings, and united with that church, and the parents had the wisdom to unite with them. John Isaac McLaughlin, the second child and son, was born in Guernsey county, Ohio, June 8, 1849, and came with his parents to Indiana, where he lived and worked on the farm until September, 1870, when he entered the preparatory school of the Indiana State University, at Bloomington. In the fall of 1871, he entered the Freshman class of the university, but for want of funds he taught school the following year. He re entered the university in September, 1873, and gradu- ated June 14, 1876. He taught the three fol- lowing years, and in the fall of 1879 entered Drew Theological Seminary at Madison, New Jersey, where he remained one year. In the fall of 1880 he entered Garrett Biblical Insti- tute at Evanston, Illinois, at which he gradu- ated May 11, 1882, as B. D. He joined the Central Illinois conference in September, 1882, where he served six years, he came to Dallas, October 11, 1888, where he is now the pastor of the Tabernacle Methodist Epis- copal Church, which worships in their edi- fice at the corner of Main and St. Paul streets. 984 HISTORY OF DALLAS GOO NTT. "When Rev. McLaughlin came to Dallas as pastor of the Tabernacle Church in 1888, there were then about 130 active members; there are now about 250 members, and connting in the mission work there would be over 300. His church has three mission churches in the city; for two of them lots have been purchased and chapels have been built, viz.: Grace Methodist Episcopal, and Masonic Avenue Methodist Episcopal. The third is Hope mission, which meets in a rented building. These all have flourishing Sunday-schools and carry on the regular church work most successfully. Mr. McLaughlin is unmarried. ^^ICHAEL McQUlRK, an architect by W/Wffi' pi'ofession, is a son of William Mc- ^%^^ Quirk, a native of Dublin, Ireland, who was also an architect, and descended from an architect. The father emigrated to Amer- ica in 1843, and located in Boston, Massa- chusetts, where he followed his profession for some years. He removed to Connecticut, and died in that State, at the age of eighty-eight years. The mother's maiden name was An- derson, and she was of English extraction. She passed away at the age of eighty-four years. Our subject was only a child when the family went to Connecticut, and there he received his early education. He was not pleased with the instruction he had, and so joined a company of architects, with whom he remained seven years. Hi^ made an ex- haustive study of the art, and made himself a complete master of the finest points of the profession. When he went into business for himself he located at Norwich, Connecticut, and erected some of the finest private and public buildings that have ever been con- structed in the place. His reputation spread all over New England, and he became known as one of the leading members of the profes- sion. Li 1873 he entered the employ of the Government, and the following year was sent to Texas to take charge of all the Federal buildings to be erected in the South. The points were Little Rock, Arkansas, Galves- ton and Dallas, Texas, Savannah, Georgia, Charleston, South Carolina, Atlanta, Georgia, Columbia, South Carolina, and Raleigh, North Carolina. After the completion of this work he returned to Dallas, Texas, and has since superintended the construction of some of the finest buildings in the city. Mr. McQuirk was married in 1850, in Con- necticut, to Miss Anna Princely, an English lady who belongs to the Princely family of manufacturing fame. Two sons were born to them, William and Richard. The latter is a talented young architect, a member of the firm of McQuirk & Son, and William is a contractor in Norwich, Connecticut. Mr. McQuirk is a member of the L O. O. F. He is a man of sterling traits of charac- ter, and has the respect of the community and the warmest admiration of the profession. < ^ lEV. PHILIP REAGAN, a native of Fall River, Massachusetts, was born in 1865. His parents were Timothy and Bridget (Regan) Reagan, both natives of county Cork, Ireland. The father came to America about 1852, and settled in Fall River, Massachusetts, in which State he was married. They had a family of seven chil- dren. Our subject, the fourth in the above fam- ily, and John, a grain merchant at Fall River,' are the only ones now living. Philip HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 985 received his higher education in the Holy Cross College, in Worcester, Massachusetts, and at St. Mary's Seminary, at Cleveland, Ohio. He then came to Dallas, where he was ordained, in February, 1892, and began his work at once as curate of the Pro-cathedral of the Sacred Heart, in Dallas. He has thus far succeeded well. His church is located at the northeast corner of Bryan and Ervay streets. All the family were members of the Catholic Church, in which they were born, reai'ed and departed. The parents died in 1887. kE\r. C. I. SCOFIELD, pastor of the Dallas Congregational Church, also Acting Superintendent of Texas and Louisiana for the American Home Mission- ary Society, came to Dallas from St. Louis in 1882. In his boyhood he was a Confed- erate soldier, under Lee, in Virginia. The war closing he went to St. Louis, where he began the study of law. Subsequently he was employed to conduct an important suit affecting the title to a large body of land in Kansas, and he removed to that State, com- pleted his law studies in the office of Senator Ingalls, and was admitted to the bar. Dur- insr his residence in Kansas he was twice a o member of the Legislature, and was also United States Attorney for the State. He returned to St. Louis after the termination of the litigation referred to. Here, when "all his own efforts to reform his life had miserably failed," he met the late Dr. Goodell, of blessed memory, and became a member of Pilgrim Church. The sympa- thy and encouragement of the Doctor, his good wife, and of the people of the Pilgrim Church were very helpful, and to them, under God, he owes a lasting debt of gratitude. Mr. Scofield's first work in the church was in the colored Sunday-school in East St. Louis. Soon afterward he entered the Y. M. C. A. work as Secretary of the Railway Branch of East St. Louis. Soon afterward he was licensed to preach by the St. Louis associa- tion. He organized and was for a time act- ing pastor of Hyde Park Congregational Church, North St. Louis, and in 1882 re- moved to Dallas, Texas, to liecome pastor of the First Congregational Chui-ch here. He came to Dallas a layman and was ordained by a regularly called council of the neighbor- ing Congregational Churches. In the nearly ten years of that pastorate the church has grown from a membership of twelve to nearly 400. Out of this number a very large major- ity have been received on a confession of their faith. Church was then held in a small frame building on the same ground their beautiful edifice of brick and stone now occu- pies. The frame building had about 200 sittings; their present building about 700. Rev. Scolield was married to Miss Hettie Wartz, daughter of Henry and Louisa Wartz, of Grand Haven, Michigan, March 12, 1882. They were married in Dallas, where her mother then resided, by the former pastor of the church. Rev. McCune. One child blessed this union, viz., Noel P. Besides the labors of the pastorate and the superintendency, Mr. Scofield is at the head of the Southwestern School of the Bible, a train- ing school for Christian workers, which has already achieved an lionorable fame for the thoroughness of its work and tiie remarkable blessing which is attending the labors of its graduates. As President of the Board of Trustees of Lake Charles College, Louisiana, he takes a deep and active interest in the upbuilding of that promising and greatly needed institution. 986 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. Mr. Scofield in his own church has done a great work. It has a very important mission in Costa Rica. Two missionaries are already there and four or live more are in preparation for going; besides, they have two missions in the city and the young people's society, and all the different departments of church work are in the most healthful and prosperous con- dition. They have sent out and taught from this church six missionaries within the past six years. In the forty-fifth year of his age and in the prime of his strength, Mr. Scofield finds his greatest joy in incessant labors for his Savior and Lord. fOHN D. MARSH was born in Harrison county, Kentucky, August 25, 1835. At the age of four years he moved with his parents to Missouri, and after remaining there four years the family emigrated to Texas, first settling in what is now Denton county. They soon afterward moved to Dal- las county, where the father secured a claim of 640 acres, under the Peters colony, and remained on it during the rest of his life- time. Jonh D. remained with his parents, helped to develop the tarm, and received as his portion 100 acres. He has since purchased other land and is now the owner of 317 acres, located in Precinct No. 2, Dallas county, the most of which is under cultivation, wheat, oats, corn and cotton being his chief products. He is also engaged in stock-raising, having some graded cattle. H. C. Marsh, his father, was born in Ken- tucky, the original Marsh family having come from Maryland. The mother of our subject was before her marriage Miss Mary Ray- mond, she and her parents being natives of Kentucky. Mr. Marsh was married in that State, and to him and his wife were born seven children, two sons and five daughters, all of whom are living in Texas; T. C. Marsh, born February 21, 1831; Sarah Ellen, in March, 1833, is now the wife of H. C. Dag- gett and resides in Tarrant county; John D., the subject of this sketch; Mary F., born August 2, 1840, married J. J. McAllister and lives in Dallas county: Elizabeth J., lx)rn October 9, 1843, married E. B. Daggett and resides at Fort "Worth; Martha A., born February 27, 1848, married Mart Ellison of Dallas county; Charlotte M., born in March, 1851, is the wife of W. O. Neill of Tarrant county. John D. Marsh was married, October 28, 1860, to Reliecca Perry. Her father, W. Perry, moved from Illinois to Texas in 1846 and settled in Dallas county, where he died about 1870. His wife, nee Sarah Noble, survived him several years, her death occur- ring in June, 1888. By this wife Mr. Marsh had nine children, namely: Harrison F., born July, 1861; Fanny, March 6, 1863; Henry C, May 6, 1866; Hollis W., January 6, 1868; Laura R., January 7, 1870; John D., July 2, 1872, died October 1, 1873; Walter, December, 1874; Charles D., February 2, 1878; and Thomas B., March 23, 1880. Fanny is now the wife of William Evans. Mrs. Marsh departed this life on the 3d of April, 1880, aged forty-two years. January 17, 1883, Mr. Marsh was united in marriage with Miss Fanny Williams, his present companion. Her father, A. D. W. Williams, a native of Alabama, moved to Tennessee while young, and was there mar- ried to Miss Sarah Foster. He subsequently moved to Franklin county, Illinois, where he died March 29, 1891. His wife died in 1860. By his second marriage Mr. Marsh HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 987 has two children: Mary Helen, born August 15, 1887, and Bessa Anna, December 3, 1890. During the Civil war, Mr. Marsh enlisted, in 1862, and acted the part of a brave soldier until hostilities ceased. He was in a number of skirmishes and battles, but was never wounded or taken prisoner. Returning home, lie resumed farming, in which he has since been engaged and in which he has met with eminent success. His farm is well improved with good buildings, cotton gin, etc. and general prosperity prevails. ^ MITCHELL, an ers, in the northwestern part of Dallas county, was born in Greene county, Missouri, and is a descendant of two of the first settled families of that county, and of English and German extraction. His pa- ternal grandfather, William Mitchell, and his father were natives of South Carolina, and the former subsequently moved with his family to Missouri, settling in Greene county, where the town of Springfield now stands. He^lived there ever afterward, dying at an advanced age, and after a life that was marked with much adventure and hardships. Our subject's maternal grandfather, Andrew Wasner, was a native of one of the Eastern States, probably Pennsylvania, as he was of German descent. He subsequently settled in Indiana, and later in Greene county, Mis- souri, where he afterward died. James J. Mitchell, the father of our subject, was reared in the latter country, where he married Eliza- beth Wasner, who was born in Indiana, but who was also reared in Greene county, Mis- souri. Mr. and Mrs. Mi tchell resided in that county until coming to Texas in 1863, set- tling first in Fannin county, and a year later in Dallas county, buying a farm west of the city of Dallas. He sold this place in 1874, and purchased another on the west fork of Trinity river, which he made his home until death, which occurred four years later, at the age of forty- seven years. He was a farmer and stock-raiser all his life, and, although never accumulating a large property, was in com- fortable circumstances at the time of his death. Our subject's mother died in 1873, at the old home place west of Dallas, at the age of forty-four years. They were the par- ents of three children: William, our subject; Laura E., who was married to Daniel G. Lindsey, of Brown county, Texas, and died in December, 1889; and Sallie, who died at the age of seven years. William A. J. Mitchell was born in Greene county, Missouri, June 20, 1854, but when ten years of age he came with his parents to Texas, and his youth and subsequent life has been spent in this county. He assumed the responsibility of caring for himself at the age of eleven years, and after reaching his major- ity he purchased the home place on the west fork of the Trinity river, which he owned and operated until two years ago. He then bought another farm, which he conducted in connection with the home place until two years ago, when he sold the latter farm, and bought 127 acres near Sowers, where he has since re- sided. He also owns some timber land, and, although a young man, is in a fair way to make for himself and those dependent on him a comfortable home. Mr. Mitchell was married in December, 1882, to Ella Sowers, a daughter of Levi and Elizabeth (Brown) Sowers. She was left an orphan at the age of five years, and was reared by an uncle and aunt, Mr. and Mrs. Edmond D. Sowers, mention of whom is made else- 988 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. where in this work. Mr. and Mrs. Mitchell have had tive children: Pearl, Edmund (de- ceased), Ljdia, Effie and Samuel David. Mr. Mitchell is a member of the I. O. O. F. and is a stanch Democrat, taking a commend- able interest in political matters. ^. ^ IDWARD A. ABBOTT, a young man of good business qualifications, full of energy and push, is engaged in con- tracting and building in brick work. He is one of the enterprising citizens of Dallas, and is justly entitled to appropriate mention in the history of this county. Mr. Abbott was born June 27, 1860, at Springfield, Illinois, he being the fourth- born in a family of six children. Allan J. Abbott, his father, was born in Ohio, about 1827, and was a brick contractor in that State. He went to California in 1848, and remained there three years. Returning to Cincinnati, Ohio, he was married in that city, and from there went to Springfield Illinois, where he engaged in the work of his trade, remaining there ten or twelve years. He subsequently went back to Cincinnati, and lived there some time. lie is now a resident of Terre Haute, Indiana. Mr. Ab- bott's mother died about 1876. Left without a mother's care early in life, Edward ran away from home at the age of seven years, and went to work on a farm in Kentucky, where lie remained eleven years. He then began to learn the trade of brick mason, at which he worked steadily for a year or two. From Kentucky he went to Kansas City, Mis- souri, and a year or two later back to Terre Haute, Indiana, thence to Kansas City, and eno-aged in contracting on his own account, working there for thee years and putting up some substantial buildings. In 1887 he came to Da,llas, Texas, and has since made this city his home. He at (mce established his business here, and has put a number of the best buildings in the city, among which are the Central National Bank, The Dallas Steam Laundry, the police headqiiarters, the McKinney College and a number of other structures. December 25, 1887, Mr. Abbott wedded Miss Clara V. Payte, the third daughter born in a family of seven children of Patrick and Julia Payte. Her father was a native of Boston, Massachusetts, and was there en- gaged as a contractor. Subsequently he emigrated westward to Belleville, Illinois, atid later located in Nevada, Missouri, where his death occurred. Her mother is still liv- ing and is now a resident of Kansas City, Missouri, Mr. and Mrs. Abbott have one child, Edward Allan, born November 23, 1889. Mr. Abbott attained his early education in the district schools of Kentucky, sometimes walking as far as four miles to school. Hold- ing a lifetime scholarship in the Commercial College of Terre Haute, he attended that in- stitution at night while working at his trade through the day. He has two brothers now living, one a contractor in Terre Haute and the other a merchant of that city. Mr. Ab- bott is a member of the Dallas Lodge, No. 70, K. of P. He resides in one of the beautiful homes of Dallas, is a progressive man, and has the respect of all who know him. -^^uxrjb- ^^ "ji/i/^^^ fOIIN THOMAS GREEN, deceased, formerly a well-to-do and highly re- spected farmer of Dallas county, was born in that county, January 17, 1846, where he received a common-school education. At HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. the age of twenty-one years he began life for himself, by farming a part of his mother's land, and in 1872 he moved to the farm where his widow still resides. Mr. Green was a man of good habits, a kind and indulgent husband and father, his honesty was unquestioned, and he was without a known enemy. Politically, he atfiliated with the Democratic party. In 1868 Mr. Green married Miss Lucrecia Witt, who was born in Illinois in 184'J, a daughter of Leonard and Rebecca Witt. She removed with her parents to Texas in 1867, locating near Lancaster, Dallas county. Mr. and Mrs. Green have had six children, viz.: the eldest died in infancy; William O., born January 26, 1871; Edga"r A., April 9, 1873; Henry A., December 22, 1875; Bertha B., September 12, 1880 and Maggie M., Octo- ber 2, 1882. Mr. Green departed this life November 23, 1888. Among fUDGE E. P. MARSHALL, the worthy, able and honorable attorneys in which the city of Dallas abounds, is to be numbered the subject of this sketch. He was born in Alabama, August 19, 1842. His parents were Jesse S. and Catherine (Shaw) Marshall, the father a native of Georgia, and the mother of North Carolina. Jesse S. Marshall by occupation was a farmer, well versed and active in his calling; was well-to-do and in every way a model, honest and upright man, conscientious and fair in all his dealings, his word ever Ijeing rcgirded as good as his bond. Both he and his wife were life-long members of the Baptist Church. They were humble, unpretentious, good people, well respected and noted for zeal and earnestness in their high callings. Glorious hope! Their work done, am 64 well done, they went from the labors of the church militant to the church triumphant, — the father in 1873, at the age of seventy-one years, and the mother in 1871, at the age of sixty-seven. They left a good name — an endearing heritage to their children, their acquaintances, and the church of their choice. Of their twelve children, eleven reached maturity and live are still living. Judge Marshall was educated at Gil- mer, in eastern Texas, the only school of that character that was carried on successfully during the late war. The instructor, Prof. Morgan H. Looney, is now a resident of Hunter county, Texas. In the spring of 1862 our young friend Marshall enlisted in Company B, Seventh Regiment, Texas In- fantry, and was in many of the leading battles of the war. At Fort Donelson be was captured and was taken to Camp Douglas, where he was held a prisoner five months, receiving kind treatment and plenty of food. He was then paroled and landed at Yicks- burg, Mississippi. Subsequently, at the battle of Franklin, he was captured, and until the war closed was held a prisoner at Camp Chase, Ohio, also meeting with kind treatment there. He was then sent to Shreveport, Louisiana. He stood the service well; was wounded slightly at New Hope, but was only disabled for a few days. His rank was that of Second SergeaTit. After the war closed he fai'med until 1868. Then he took a course of law study under Chief Justice Roberts at Gilmer, Texas, the same school he had attended previous to the war. He was admitted to the bar in 1868, since which time he has practiced before all the courts of the State and the Supreme Court. He was elected District Attorney for the nineteenth district, comprising the counties of Smith, Upshur, Gregg, Camp, Wood and Rains, being elected over his Re- 990 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. publican competitor by 1,100 votes, and served four years. At the expiration of that time he vras elected to the Fifteenth Legis- lature, in which honorable body he rendered efficient service. lie moved to Dallas in 1877, since which time he has resided in this city, successfully conducting a law practice. In 1890 he undertook the race for County Judge, but was defeated by a small number of votes. He is making the race for the nomi- nation to the same position in July, 1892, both he and his many friends being sanguine of his success. For some years the judge has been identi- fied with educational matters. He has served on the School Board, and to his earnest efforts is largely due the fine system of schools with which Dallas is highly favored. Judge Marshall was married in 1865 to Miss Jennie Rogers, the accomplished daughter of A. T. Rogers, of Upshur county, Texas. They are the parents of four children, of whom they are justly proud, viz.: Benja- min C, a traveling salesman; Sidney J. who has been superintendent of the carriers of the postoffice for the past six years; and Ida and Ada. The judge and his wife and their daughters are members of the Baptist Church, he being a Deacon in the same. He is also a member of the blue lodge and of the Royal Arch Masons. His views, politically, are in harmony with Democratic principles, and with that party he has ever affiliated. fPHRAIM WILMUT, one of the pros perous and representative citizens of Dallas county, was born in Garrard county, Kentucky, Mareli 2, 1844, the son"of Benjamin and Mary (Bentley) Wilmut. Ephra- im was reared on a farm, and was married June 27, 1876, to Mary Brotherton, daughter of H. K. and Rachel M. Brotherton, men- tioned elsewhere in this volume. Mr. and Mrs. Wilmut have had three children: Dudley, Mary M., and one who died in infancy. By his own skill and labor he has gained posses- sion of considerable property. He now has a fine farm of 280 acres, well improved, and the modern features of the farm indicate in- telligence and thrift in the character of its owner. Upon the premises are fine orchards, shade trees, good, convenient barns and other outbuildings, all of which are neatly kept and economically used. During the last war, some time in 1862, Mr. Wilmut enlisted in the cause of the South, joining Company I of the Thirtieth Texas Cavalry, under Captain Y. Smith and Colonel E. J. Gurley, and served in Texas, Arkansas and the Indian Territory; and after the war closed he returned home and resumed his favorite callinij, that of farming. fAMES HENRY ELLIS, a farmer, was born in Greene county, Illinois, in 1842, and from there moved with his par- ents to Lamar county, Texas, in 1845. The following year they moved to Dallas county, and here he lived with his parents on the headright on which they settled till 1872. That year he moved to his present home, where he has since resided. In 1867 Mr. Ellis was married to Miss Mary Rawlins, daughter of P. K. and Lydia Rawlins, natives of Indiana. To them two children were born, namely: John Henry, who is now at AVilmer and in the employ of Mrs. White; and Lncy, who died when young. Mrs. Ellis died when her children were small. She was a woman possessing HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 991 many amiable qualities, and was a zealous and active member of the Baptist Church. Mr. Ellis' second marriage was to Miss Mary Kinney, a native of Mississippi. By her he also had two children: Roderick Ross and Robert Leslie. After several years he was again l)ereft of a loving companion. He subsequently married Mrs. (Batcbler) Will- iams, and from this union following is the issue: William R., Thomas R., Lydia Ethel, Alexander H. and Mary L. Tlie last named was born in 1889 and died in 1891. Mr. Ellis is one of the substantial farmers of Dallas county, enjoying a reputation for integrity second to none. While he has not made it the goal of his ambition to accumu- late a fortune, he has amassed a fair compe- tency for the rest of his life, having a well- improved farm of 289 acres. Politically, he is a Democrat. yJ^HRIS MOSER lives on the corner of Ross and Henderson avenues, just out- side the eastern corporate limits of the city of Dallas, where he conducts a prosper- ous dairy farm. Mr. Moser is a native of Switzerland, in which country he was born in the year 1845. His parents were Chris and Annie Moser, the latter born in Yerber. His father was a farmer in Switzerland. Both of his parents are de- ceased. Chris Moser, the subject of this sketch, after arriving at man's estate was en- gaged in his native laud in the extensive manufacture of cheese. He came to this country in tlie year 1874, lauded at New Orleans and from there came to Dallas. Here for several years he was employed in a stone quarry. Subsequently he was engaged at work in several milk dairies, until he was able to establish one for himself. In 1887 he purchased his present farm of thirty-seven acres, where he has recently built a fine man- sion, and here he lives with his family, en- joying the reward of his industry. This dairy farm is a model one. His stock consists principally of Durham and mixed Jersey cattle, thirty head in all. Mr. Moser was married in Dallas, January 12, 1880, to Annie Buhrer, a native of Swit- zerland. Her father came to this country in 1866 and settled in Ritchie county. West Virginia, where he now resides, engaged in farming. For further mention of her parents see biography of Jacob Buhrer in this work. They have five children: Charles, Freda, Otto, Matilda and Ernest. Since 1880 Mr. Moser has belonged to Dallas Lodjje, Knights of Honor. He is a member of the German Evangelican Lutheran Church. While not active in politics, he is Democratic in principle and takes a deep in- terest in public affairs and all matters affect- ing the State and county of his adoption. He has since coming to Dallas seen many changes and witnessed the substantial growth of the city which has taken place in the past decade. When coming here he had no means, and all he has accumulated has been the result of hard work, prudence and economy. 'S^' mCdiy«. m^^ — fW. HOLLAND, one of the represent- ative citizens of Dallas county, was ® born in Illinois, March 5, 1848, a son of James and Malinda (Boydston) Holland, natives of Kentucky. When our subject was a babe of six months he was brought by his father to Te.\as. settlintj on the land wliere he lived until his death, in 1882. When he came to this State, it was still a wild prairie country, abounding in wild game of all kinds, and being very fond of sport Mr. Holland was 992 HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. often to be found with his gun in search of game. In those days what is now the city of Dallas was only a village, with only a few log huts, all merchandise being freighted by ox teams from Shreveport, Louisiana, and Hous- ton, Texas, a distance of 250 miles. Mr. and Mrs. Holland had ten children, of whom J. W. is the youngest in order of birth. He was reared on a farm, and devoted most of his time to stock-raising. He is now the owner of about 1,000 acres of land lying in the famous Mountain creek valley, all of which is fenced, and 160 acres is under a fine state of cultivation. Mr. Holland is one of the most important stock dealers of the county, shipping hundreds of fattened cattle yearly. He is a member of the Christian Church, and as a neighbor he is highly ap- dreciated by all who know him. Mr. Holland was married December 30, 1875, to Miss AdaBundy, a daughter of Rich- ard and Amelia Bundy. The father fought with the Confederate army in the Mexican war, and also through the late war. Mr. and Mrs. Holland have three children, one of whom died in infancy. In February, 1885, the mother died, and December 4, 1887, Mr. Holland married Miss Victoria Bevans, the daughter of Isaac and Margaret Bevans, who are still living in Virginia, their native State. By this last union there is one child. fllARLES B. LEWIS, Dallas, Texas.— General L. M. Lewis was the descendant of a "Welsh family that attained dis- tinction in military and social circles, and were people of great wealth. He was born in the State of Maryland, January 6, 1832, and at the age of eleven years he was sent to Washington city to enter school; he studied there for some time, and in 1848-'49 he was a student at the Military Academy of Mary- land. The two years following he pursued his studies at the Wesleyan University in Middletown, Connecticut, and then beaan the study of law. After reading for four years he was admitted to the bar in 1855, at Lib- erty, Missouri. He devoted himself to the legal profession until 1858, when he entered the ministry, preaching the gospel until the beginning of hostilities between the North and South. In 1861, he became Colonel of the Seventh Regiment, State troops; and in 1862 he enlisted in the Confederate service as Captain, rising by successive steps to the office of Brigadier General. He was wounded, taken prisoner, and experienced all the hor- rors of warfare. Few soldiers, however, made a more brilliant record than he, and none were more beloved by their comrades. After the surrender, he returned to the min- istry, and was stationed at Shreveport, and then Galveston. He also did a vast amount of work as an educator. At one time he was president of Arcadia Female College, Ark- ansas; was afterward professor of English language and literature at A. & M. College, Bryan, Texas, and was filling the chair of pres- ident of Marine College at the time of his death in 1880. As a minister, lawyer, sol- dier, scholar, and teacher, he was a great and good man. He was sincerely mourned by a wide circle of acquaintance, and a family who were devoted to his name. General Lewis was married October 12, 1852, to Margaret A. Barrow, and Charles B. Lewis is the fourth child born to them. His native State is Missouri, whence he re- moved to Texas in 1866, with his parents. Since that time he has been a resident of the State, with the exception of seven or eight years when he was away at school. He was niSTORT OF DALLAS G0UNT7. 993 a student at Central College, Missouri, and after he had finished his literary course he took up the profession of dentistry. He went for this purpose to Little Rock, Arkansas and entered a dentist's office, where he read for two years. At the end of that time he went to Baltimore and entered the College of Dental Surgery, from which he was grad- uated in 1879. He then returned to Texas, and settled in Waxahachie, remaining there for a period of five years. In 1885, he came to Dallas, opened an ottice, and has succeeded in winning a large and paying practice. He does all kinds of dental work in the most approved manner, keeping fully abreast of the times in all the improvements and dis- coveries of the profession. He is a member of the State Dental Association, and of the Southern Dental Association. He is Secre- tary of the former society, and has acquitted himself in this position with much credit to himself. He has no tVaternal or church con- nections, and is unmarried. Politically he affiliates with the Democratic party. ►HOMAS J. WEATHERFOKD, a pros- perous farmer of Dallas county, is a son of Monday Weatherford, a native of Bedford county, Tennessee. The latter after- ward removed to McLaughlin county, Illinois, next to Lamar county, Texas, and thence to Dallas. When he first came to the State Dallas had but a few log houses, and he first engaged in freighting to and from Houston with ox teams. Mr. Weatherford finally settled on the farm where our subject now resides, and where he remained until his death March 7, 1877. He was a member of the Baptist Church, and was a Democrat in his political views. His wife, nee Nancy Harrison, was a native of Alabama, and died in 1866. Mr. and Mrs. Weatherford were married in 1826, and had seven children, viz.: Mary Ann, deceased; Harbert, deceased; John, deceased, formerly a resident of Dallas county; Eliza, wife of J. M. Snow, of Mon- tague county; Monday, deceased; Thomas J., our subject; and Monroe, deceased. Thomas J. Weatherford was born in Illi- nois in 1843, and when about one year old he came with his parents to Texas, and remained with them until 1869. At the age of eighteen years he enlisted in the Confederate service, in the Sixth Texas Cavalry, under Colonel Ross and Captain Guy. He was wounded at Farmington just after the fall of Atlanta, was at Vicksburg at the time of the surrender, after which he returned to Dallas county and engaged in farming. In 1869 he was mar- ried to Martha J. McKee, a native of Mis- sissippi, and daughter of William and Mary A. (Frazier) McKee, natives of South Caro- lina. Mr. and Mrs. Weatherford have had eight children, viz.: Mary Ann, who died in infancy; Nancy E., wife of John Lloyd, of Dallas county; Lewella, who was burned to death April 2, 1891; William M., Margaret Ann, John T., Mattie E. and Minnette, at home. Mr. Weatherford is identified with the Democratic party, and is a member of the Baptist Church; his wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. 4^ m ^=<\ * L . W A L K E R , of Garland, Dallas county, was born in Tennessee, June * 10, 1822, the oldest in a family of the three children of Benjamin and Anna (Cad- well) Walker, natives of South Carolina and Tennessee. The father died when our sub- ject was only ten years of age, and he was 994 HISTORY OF Dallas oountt. therefore early thrown upon his own re- sources. He lived with his mother until eighteen years of age, and six years after the death of the father the mother married John Ueauton, of Bedford county, Tennessee. Tlie mother died in 1844. At the age of eighteen years Mr. AValker left home, and commenced working at the tanner's trade in Bedford county. In January, 1845, he removed to Giles county, and there established a tannery of his own; he next spent ten years in Lin- coln county, where he was engaged in farm- ing until he came to this State in October, 1883. He spent three years in this county and then moved to the village of Garland. Mr. Walker was married in 1847 to Miss Catherine L. Howell, a daughter of Hobert and Elizabeth (Payne) Howell, natives of Tennessee. Mr. and Mrs. Walker were the parents of seven children, namely: Anna, wife of Captain W. A. Summers, of Lincoln county, Tennessee; Lula, deceased, wife of Dr. Summers; Mary N., wife of Thomas Thorp, of Collin county, Texas; Sallie F., now Mrs. R. C. Wyatt, of this place; Thomas S., M. D.; Lillie M., the present wife of Dr. Summers; Ella, wife of A. J. Beaver, of Gar- land. Both Mr. and Mrs. Walker are still living, and the latter is now in her sixty- third year. Bessie, the wife of Dr. Walker, is the daughter of George J. and Mary S. (Miller) Bullock, natives of Copiah county, Mississippi. They came to Texas in Feb- ruary, 1882, and settled in what was then Duck Creek, now Garland, whei'e the father en- gaged in farnung. He died April 23, 1876, before his family came to this State. Pre- vious to the war he was the owner of a great many slaves. Robert Miller, the celebrated attorney of Mississippi, is the oidy brother of Mr. Miller. Their father, Colonel Robert Miller, came originally from South Carolina, and was one of the wealthiest men of Mis- sissippi, and was well known throughout the South. G. J. Miller served during the war, and was in many hard-fought battles. The Miller and Bullock families of Mississippi are among the oldest and best known in the State. The mother of Mrs. Bullock was formerly Miss Catching, and a relative of Thomas Catching, the present member of Congress from Vieksburg, Mississippi. J. L. Bullock, the grandfather of Mrs. Walker, came to this State in 1870, and settled in Dallas county, where he died in 1873. His children were Mrs. Miller and C. E. Bullock. Thomas S. Walker, M. D., the son of T. L. Walker, whose sketch appears above, was born in Giles county, Tennessee, June 22, 1858. In early life he attended the com- mon schools, and at the age of sixteen years entered Oak Hill Academy, Lincoln county, and later Cornerville, Marshall county. At the age of twenty years he entered the Medi- cal Department of the Vanderbilt University, of Nashville, Tennessee, in the class of 1879-'80. March 21, 1880, he landed in this State, where he commenced practicing with Dr. Harbison, one of the oldest phy- sicians of this place, and one of the most popular men of the county. Dr. Walker practiced with him for three years, and during that time they were very successful. On coming to this State the Doctor was some $380 in debt, and the first year here he put in a cotton crop near Piano, but lost the en- tire crop. He then commenced practice, and eighteen months later bought a farm of 100 acres, paying $21 per acre, which he sold in the fall of 1888 for $35 per acre cash. He next bought a lot, built a house, and the same year sold his farm and purchased another in Red River county, on Blossom prairie, three miles from Lamar county, consisting of 235 niSTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. 995 acres, with 101 acres under cultivation, and eighty acres in meadow. He has now one of the finest places in Red River county. The Doctor was married to Miss Bessie Miller, November 25, 1885, and to this union has been born four children, viz.: May, Rob- ert (deceased), Beatrice and Raburn G. Dr. Walker and wife are both members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. •ILLIAM JENKINS, deceased, one of the early pioneers of Dallas county, was born in Gile.-? county, Alabama, January 13, 1813, the second of four chil- dren born to Thomas and Mary (Eppler) Jenkins, natives of Virginia. At an early day the parents removed to Alabama, where the mother died in 1822, and the father in 1823. William was reared in Giles county, Alabama, and learned the saddler's trade, which he followed in Athens, Alabama. In 1885 he went to Jackson county, Missouri, settling at Independence, where he worked at his trade, and later removed to Fayetteville, Washington county, same State. In 1845 he came Ijy horse teams to Dallas county, and for a short time lived in a tent on Mr. Thomas' headright, but afterward bought and im- proved 640 acres of land. He took an active interest in politics in the early history of the county, and was the second Sheriff of Dallas county, Texas. Ills death occurred in this county, November G, 1871, at the age of fifty- eight years. Mr. Jenkins was married at Independence, Missouri, in 1839, to Miss Cynthia A. Thomas, a native of Sevier county, Tennessee, and a daughter of John and Hannah (Andes) Thomas, natives of Tennessee and Virginia. The parents were married in the former State, and in 1833 moved to Jackson county, Missouri, settling on a farm two miles from Independence. In 1844 they came to Dallas county, and located on White rock. The father took an active interest in politics, and was the first Judge of Dallas county. His death occurred in April, 1875, aged eighty- one years, and the mother died in 1872, at the age of seventy-seven years. Mr. and Jenkins had ten children, viz.: Mary, wife of Dr. A. M. Cochran, of Dallas; John T., of Fannin county; Lizzie, wife of E. M. Lively, of Denton, Texas; Hannah, wife of G. K. Knight, of Dallas; Alma S. ; Edgar M., of Dallas; Alice, wife of C. B. Flager, of Jeffer- son, Texas; William D., at home; R. II., of Dallas; and Willie A. fSHAM M. WOODS has been prominently identilied with the agricultural interests ■^ of Dallas county, Texas, since 1877, and is generally regarded as one of the ablest financiers of the community. He is a native of Marion county, Arkansas, and a son of Jefferson and Susan (Hall) Woods. His father was a native of Tennessee, but was among the pioneers of Marion county, Arkansas. The subject of this sketch was reared to the occupation of a farmer, and at the age of seventeen years bade farewell to the parental roof and started out in life for himself. He engaged in agricultural pursuits in Missouri, where he resided until he came to Dallas in 1877. On coming to the latter place, he pur- chased a tract of land near his present home, which he industriously improved and sold to advantage. By wise management and per- sistent effort he increased his means, and made fortunate investments until he has now 996 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. amassed considerable property. He has al- ways paid cash for his land, but his word is regarded as highly as his bond. Mr. Woods was married December 26, 1876, to Mrs. Beard, an estimable lady, orig- inally of Alabama, but who has been a resi- dent of Texas since 1865. She sras of great assistance to her husband when he was seek- ing to gain a foot-hold in the business world, and now enjoys the reward of her industry and perseverance. J'olitically, Mr. Woods is independent, always casting his vote for the man who in his judgment is the best fitted to fill the requirements of the office. Guided by the highest principles in his own actions, he de- mands an equally upriglit character in those he endorses, and possesses the courage to ex- press his cons'ictions, without regard for friend or foe. |NOCH HOllTON, deceased, was born in Russell county, Virginia, March 22, 1777, a son of John Ilorton, a native of Ireland. When a young man the latter came with his father's family, which included the father, mother, three sons and two daughters, to Virginia, first settling in the eastern part of the State, and later removed to Russell county. John Horton was married in that State to Isabelle Kendriek, a native of Eng- land, and they reared a family of four sons and five daughters, of whom our subject was the third son. The parents passed their days in Russell county, the father dying at the age of sixty years, and the mother lived to an advanced age. Enoch, our subject, was reared to farm life, and received but five days' schooling, but by his own exertions he has attained a good edu- cation. After his marriage he settled on a farm which his father had taken up under the squatter's sovereignty act, where he fol- lowed farming until he came to the frontier of civilization in Dallas county, Texas. In the spring of 1845 the family emigrated with horse teams to Springfield, Missouri, but the same year came to Dallas county, first locat- ing near Eagle Fork, Precinct No. 7, where they were both deceased. Mr. Horton was marrie 1869. When five years of age liis parents came to Texas, locating on a plantation two miles east of Mesquite, Dallas county. His mother was a devout Presbyterian, and a woman of much literary ability, and his father was a soldier in the Union army, start- ing out in the Thirty-sixth Wisconsin, and after one year's service was transferred to the Sharpshooters, where he served three years. The subject of our sketch was educated primarily in the public and private schools of Dallas and Dallas county. In 1886 he en- tered the Southwestern University, at which institution he graduated in June, 1889. In February of the following year he w^s ad- mitted to the Dallas bar, at the age of nineteen. In September, 1890, he entered the State University, graduating the following June, with honors. He was the successful com- petitor for the State Debaters' Medal, the State Chautauqua Medal, and the World's Fair Medal. He is an orator of much abil- ity. He was a delegate to the National Re- publican Convention at Minneapolis in 1892. His speech on Decoration day. May 30, 1892, is recognized as a patriotic effort, studded with the jewels so necessary to an oblitera- tion of the animosity engendered by the un- pleasantness of 1861-'65, an extract of which is here printed by request of soldiers from both sides. "Looking around me to-day at the multi- plied magniticence of our Union, at its vesti- buled halls of justice, steepled palaces of worship, granite sanctums of knowledge, mill- ion-wheeled factories and steel-spanned coun- try, we of the rising generation cannot believe that once the stability of the Governmental fabric was tested. When, the historian tells us that the warm blood of the South mingled with that of the North on the fields of Geor- gia we almost instinctively arise with indigna- tion and say that it is the tale of some foul slanderer. " I am not here to talk sectionalism. lam one of a generation that has come to man- hood since the sword of Lee was handed to your Northern general at Appomattox. The legacy of the fathers is free from the taint of northern or southern antagonism. I in- herit no bias, no prejudice, no spleen. Hard though it must have been for the Southern people to bury a principle they thought right, yet they have done it graciously and only remember it as linked to the lives of some truly great men. The noble women of this laud pile high flowers sparkling with their tears on the graves of your brothers who were on the other side. The same spirit that prompted the 'Johnnies' to exchange warn- ings with the ' Yanks ' on the eve of battle shows itself most prominent now in cement- ing the factions into one band of brothers, one people, one nation, one flag. The bloody flag is seen only by the unpatriotic, who fish for the red shirt and flaunt it to individual gain on either side. " These memorial days are not for the pur- pose of scratching anew the wounds of the sixties, nor are they intended as a means for proclaiming yourselves distinctively the peo- ple who believe in the beauty of the stars and stripes; but rather for the magnanimous 1010 BISTORT OF DALLAS COUNTY. purpose of singing anew the praises of the valiant and honored dead. [Applause.] The enthusiasm of youth, the strength of man- hood and the remaining embers uf old ao-e have alike been wasted to ashes on the hearth- stone of time in the vain search for the right and the wrong of the conflict that made it possible for you to worship heroes to-day. It remains for coming generations to throw mantles of charity where mantles of charity are needed. It was a family quarrel and it has ended. ' "The bow of promise was set in view, On the skirts of the vanishing day, But Liberty sighed for the man in blue And wept for the man in gray." ' [Applause.] " For one of the leaders who sat in that cabin on the hill at Appomattox you have a longing for, Ulysses S. Grant, the great commoner of xVinerica, the great general of the age, the great patriot of the world. [Applause.] In him all the fire of the Gracchi and the love of Christ seemed to unite; yea, nature had excelled herself. Christian, war- rior, patriot, statesman, man. A man beau- tiful in character unto Christianity, bold in belief unto the warrior, true to his flag unto the patriot, versatile in mind unto the states- man, humble in carriage unto the man. Like unto a child in simplicity, a lion in boldness, a sage in wisdom, a god in devotion. Bow your heads, then, you followers of Grant and do homage to him, not as your superior, but as a sacred privilege granted to men who followed him. [Applause.] The love of your country has made Sylosons of each of you. Tea in the Boston harbor and slaves on the southern boundary spilled the same sort of blood. Brush aside the web that prejudice weaves, grasp the Southern hand and know that mistakes are the heritage of mankind. [Applause.] I care not to what tenets others may cling; as for myself, granting to every man that liberty of opinion which constitutes the true glory of our American citizenship, as for myself, I would not lose the responsive- ness to the touch of an old soldier's hand for all the victories of battle and riches of gold since Iscariot betrayed and Constantine con- fessed. [Applause.] Pile high, then, flowers on the graves of your dead; no perfume is too costly, no incense too sweet, no rose too pure; all nature smiles sweetest on the heroic deeds of men. [Applause.] " OKTH PEAK, a real-estate dealer in Dallas and residing in Oak Cliff, is the eighth of the eleven children of Jeflferson and Martha M. (Reeser) Peak, natives of Scott county, Kentucky. In an early day his father was a steamboat man on the Mississippi river, at one time owning boats on the Ohio river, plying between Cin- cinnati and New Orleans. In 1854 he moved with his family to Dallas and engaged in general merchandise. Dallas at that time was a hamlet of only 150 people. After continuing his business, on the public square, some years, he erected a building in which to carry on his business, but it was afterward burned. He also erected the first l>rick residence in this county, namely, his dwell- ing at the corner of Peak and Worth streets. His death occurred in October. 1880, and his wife survived until July, 1890. The senior Peak took a conspicuous part in the early history of Dallas county, being public-spirited and enterprising. For the Mexican war he raised and took out a companj' of cavalry. Of his family six are now living, namely: Julius, who is married and is a ranchman of Albany, Shackelford county, Texas; Sarah, HISTORY OF DALLAS COUNTY. 1011 widow of Alexander Harwood, of Live Oak and Peak, East Dallas; Florence, wife of Thomas Field, corner of Peak street and Gaston avenue; G. B., residing in Dallas, engaged in real estate; Worth, the subject of this sketch; M. L., unmarried and employed on the Mexican Central railroad in Mexico. The gentleman whose name heads this sketch was born in Gallatin county, Ken- tucky, iu 1848; at the age of six years he first came to Dallas county, but he was edu- cated at Lexington, Kentucky. In 1865 he enlisted in Company B, Sixth Texas Cavalry, and was assigned to Koss' brigade in the Army of the Tennessee; was on garrison duty, and at the close of service returned to Dallas. He engaged in the live-stock business in Western Texas until 1871; next, took a course in the university at Lexington, Ken- tucky; and finally, returning to Dallas, he engaged in real-estate, opening up and im- proving property, of which he has done a large amount in East Dallas. In December, 1890, he purchased eighteen acres in Oak CliflF, on which he has erected a fine resi- dence; he has sold oflP all this tract, however, excepting one acre. He was married in Navarro county, Texas, in 1881, to Miss May Fox, a native of Michi- gan, and a daughter of Robert and M. C. (Richmond) Fox, natives of the State of New York, who settled in Michigan in an early day and moved to Navarro county in 1876, where they now reside. Mr. and Mrs. Peak have had four children.: Jefferson; Roy, who died at the age of two and a half years; Gor- don, who died in infancy; and Worth. Mr. Peak, although not active in personal politics, votes the Democratic ticket. Having arrived here in the early time he has wit- nessed the growth of this wonderful city, and is acquainted with its needs, and is well and favorably known as a worthy citizen. LbA^'?9 i I* I — - i ^^~ 296 r i \ ' - ^