■ / ■ \. ..'V -'>"■', ':-.^ "- ■■•:.i-^;;. O^ur (Frt^j to daltforma •>#'^?^r:M ■V, fj.\ IN ATTENDANCE UPON THE GENERAL CONVENTION OF THE PROTESTANT EPISCO- PAL CHURCH Jl ^ jl Odoher, A. D. 1901 Mmf- ;,v .-■'-'/■v. .■■'■'.'J' ■■■'■ **1 ■■■■ '-' '^IrW?? 1:;' H . ■•:^;•■•t1?\^^^^^^^ttS■■ The American Baptist Publication Society ■ IS ■ _— — — ^___ __ ■ The Leading Book Store of Philadelphia ' , oecause: 1. This is by far the bandsomesi and largest book store in the city. 2. Onr stock comprises a complete line of all that is reputable in the book world. ~~ ^AU the Le^test- Works of FICTION POETRY ARTS BIOGRAPHY THEOLOGY ADVENTURE TRAVEL SCIENCE LETTERS 3. Our line of Bibles includes all the best editions of all the great Bible publishers in America and Europe. 4. Our assortment of Prayer Books and Hymnals con- tains all the popular, late editions in a wide variety of bindings. 5. We ask PopvilsLr Prices for Everythirvg. American Baptist Publication Society 1420 CHhSTlNUT STREET — -PHILADELPHIA mm nnD ELECTHicnL CenracTQK • nno • nraumcTuras DeLaval Steam Turbine Motors Turbine Generators, Turbine Pumps Turbine Blowers and Fans Complete Lighting and Power Plants Installed <^ Automatic Steam Engines Dynamos and Motors Switchboards D'Olier Engineering Company 119=121 SOUTH ELEVENTH STREET PHILADELPHIA, PENNA. Drexel & Co. Bankers Chestnut Street, Corner Fifth Philadelphia B? tranafai OGT 9 19)5 2; < m f- o a s o > < Many of Our Patrons do not seem to understand that We Sell Railway and Steamship Tickets TO ALL POINTS Discriminating travelers realizing thai we are in a position to furnish correct and unbiased information, are daily ap- plying to us for hints as to best lines of travel, the newer and better hotels, choice of sailing dates, and the numerous details that enter into a tnp nowadays. We Solicit Business in any Diredion^May we serve you? v- v» THE RAYMOND & WHITCOMB COMPANY 305 Washington Street, Boston 25 Union Square, New York 1005 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia TOURS TO ALL PARTS OF THE WORLD Convention Echoes How we fared under the guidance of the Raymond & Whitcomb Company FROM THE RIGHT REVEREND WILLIAM LAWRENCE, D.D., LL. D. BISHOP OF MASSACHUSETTS " We arrived safe, happy and on time. In closing up this trip. I want to tell you how fully your plans and care have been appreciated by all the members of the party. Everything has gone smoothly. We have been on time when others have been delayed, and we have had comforts which have been denied to the regular travelers. FROM THE RIGHT REVEREND CHAUNCE7 B. BREWSTER, D. D. BISHOP OF CONNECTICUT " I had the pleasantest memories of the pilgrimage to San Francisco. Everything was ordered admirably and with such exact foresight, that after the long journey we reached our destination upon the minute appointed. I am glad to express my grateful appreciation. " FROM THE RIGHT REVEREND WILLIAM N. McVICKAR, D. D. BISHOP COADJUTOR OF RHODE ISLAND " I want to write you a line expressing the great satisfaction which I, in common with the whole party which you lately sent to the Episcopal Con\-ention in San Francisco, felt in your arrangements for us. Everything was most delightfully anticipated which could make for our comfort. It will give any of the party, I am svu-e, pleasure to avail themselves of the seiwices of your Companj', should another opportunity occur. FROM THE RIGHT REVEREND DR C. S. OLMSTED BISHOP OF COLORADO " The Rev. Dr. Olmsted recalls with pleasure the trip to San Francisco, in October, over the Canadian Pacific Railway, under the conduct of the Raymond & Whitcomb Company'. It is impossible to imagine a journey more securely made and more thoughtfully conducted. Everything possible was done for the comfort and satisfaction of the pilgrims, all of whom must wish they could go over the same route together again under the auspices of the Raymond & Whitcomb Company. ' ' FROM THE REVEREND JOHN S. LINDSAY, D.D., LL. D. PRESIDENT OF THE HOUSE OF CLERICAL AND LAY DEPUTIES, BOSTON, MASS. "The arrangements for taking the large party from Boston to San Francisco to attend the General Convention of the Episcopal Church, in October, 1901, were made with great skill by the Raymond & Whitcomb Company. They were executed with perfect promptness and exactness by the agents of the firm, whose excellent business methods made the trip delightful to the participants. ' ' FROM THE REVEREND SAMUEL D. McCONNELL, D.D., D. C. L. RECTOR OF THE CHURCH OF THE HOLY TRINITY, BROOKLYN NY, "I have never travelled with so much peace and comfort since my mother carried me in her arms as I did when ' personally conducted ' by the Raymond & Whitcomb Company. ' ' . FROM THE HONORABLE JOHN H. STINESS, LL.D. CHIEF JUSTICE OF RHODE ISLAND " I wish to express to you my high apjjreciation of the assiduity, courtesy and helpful attentions of ^-our representatives who attended us in the trip to California and back." " Previously I had a prejudice against being 'personally conducted;' hereafter, on a long journey, I shall want to travel in no other way. FROM FRANCIS A. LEWIS, Philadelphia " Perfect comfort and enjoyment from start to finish. ' ' I T e N O U R I S H E S © F R O M ® I N F A N C Y O o L D © A Q E WHETHER your baby is ill or poorly nour- ished or perfectly well, use the Food which specialists in infant diseases recom- mend because of its palatability and wonder- ful nourishing qualities. Send for our book *^'^^' ■ " How to Care for the Baby " It not only gives information forthe proper care of children, but also tells why Eskay's Food makes sickly children well and why your physician recommends it. Tit JVo tM.r'ish. e s Jn/^ancyto Old Af^o, ESKAYS FOOD IN A LETTER, L. G. HARPEL. THE FATHER OF THE BOYS WHOSE PICTURE WE SHOW ABOVE, A DRUGGIST OF LEBANON, PA.. WRITES: " When only several days old we were compelled to put our older boy on artificial diet, and used a popular infant food for ten days, the child losing flesh and strength constantly. I then asked the nurse to try Eskay's Food. Irnprovenient was immediate, the Food being at once retained, which was not the case before. In spite of the intense heal of last summer he had no colic or any of the usual infants' complaints. The second boy was put on Eskay's Food at once and has always been strong and well. Samuel, four years old, weighs 36 pounds ; Donald, two years, weighs 32 pounds, and you could not find two healthier, hardier boys." We will send you, FREE, a generous sample of ESKAY'S FOOD. Smith. Kline & Frexch Co., Phil.\delphi.'\. Pa. REV. DR. WM. B. BODINE RECTOR CHURCH OF THE SAVIOUR, WRITES: Messrs. Smith, Kline & French. Gentlemen:—! have had no personal experience of the value of Eskay's Food in "infancy," and I cannot yet tes- tify as to its great merit in "old age." But I do know what it can do, beyond anything which I have tried, for a 'parson" after a day of busy toil blood from his brain to his stomach; ment, so that in a little while "Tired nature's sweet restorer, may readily do her gracious work. Eskay's Food has been a real boon to me; I it to other "parsons." Yours most truly. It can gently draw the it can calm excite balmy sleep, " commend /f-^^c«-^ ONE OF THE PROMINENT BISHOPS OF OUR CHURCH WRITES AS FOLLOWS : " I have tested Eskay's Food sufficiently to demonstrate its great value. When too tired at night to sleep, or when, for anv reason, I have missed my usual meal, I have found a cup prepared from it a sure passport to restful slumber, or a practical equivalent for a meal that has been omitted." '^ ^C^ .5^.4:^^iw4^ ■;2:l,,.,,j^4^«-/< r-i^^.^^'^«^-^':<« t\ V^ W f \ j[]\ -"AK V 1 v_y \j V / \1 \J 1 ■ ■ OFFICE, COMPANV'S BUILDING 308 AND 310 WALNUT STREET, PHILADELPHIA ""^^^ ^^k Cash Capital $500,000.00 Reserve for Reinsurance and all Other Claims $1,724,173.26 Surplus over all Liabilities 136,713.57 Tntal A<^'^Pt«; lamiarv 1 1Q09 ^0 "^RO ARR fl "^ 7W0S. H. MONTGOMERY. Piaidait RICHARD MARIS, Secretary ami Trcaiurcr IVM. F. WILLIAMS, AsiistarU Secretary WM B. KELLY. General .^laiuger ^« DIR.ECTOR.S Tho.mas H. Montgomery Ch.^rles S. Whei.e.n Israel Morris Edward F. Beale Pemberton S. Hutchinson John S. Gerhard Joseph E. Gii.lincham Edward Lowber Welsh Archibald R. Montgomery A Glimpse in the Albert Canyon. DeUncey School HENRY HOBART BROWN. Founder ■■-•-ji'li. Pine Street, above Broad FIRE-PROOF THROUGHOUT A NEW AND WELL-PLANNED BUILDING COMPETENT INSTRUCTORS IN ALL BRANCHES , . HE indi\idual, not the Class, is the iP , unit in tliis School, which thoroughly pre- pares for College, Technical School or business. Every facility for Physical Training, with fully equipped Gymnasium, Laboratory, Carpenter Shop, Club Rooms, Roof Court and Athletic Field. Daily Afternoon Study and Gymnasium Exercises under careful direction. Catalogues on application. JOSEPH DANA ALLEN, Head Master. CAREFULLY SELECTED DIVIDEND-P AYING- AND ONDS INVESTMENT SECURITIES Foil Information Promptly Furnished to Prospective Investors Correspondence Invited 715' 715 ARCADE BUILDING J. E. BURNS At the Entrance of the Frazer Canyon. Inexpensive Artistic ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Oriental Durries from India Moonj R-ugs from India Cotton R^ugs from Japan Shirvan Kelims from Persia Floor Coverings FOR SUMMER FURNISHING THESE cool, durable floor coverings impart a comfort unobtainable with any others. They are of excellent artistic design and coloring, and harmonize with any scheme of decoration. IV/ien considering the piircliase of any sort of Oriental or Domestic Rug yon cannot afford to buy witliout thoroughly seeing llie largest stock in the icoild. ^^ tfF* t^* FRITZ & LA RUE LARGEST KXCLUSIVELY RUG HOUSE IN THE WORLD PHILADELPHIA STORE NEW YORK STORE 1 218-1220 Cliestiiitt street Broadway, near 20th Street "The salt breath of the sea brings health." Qalen Hall Atlantic City, N. J. EW and handsome building of brick. Modern and complete in every detail. Rooms artistically furnished. Private baths with sea and fresh water. Table and service of highest excellence. Luxuriously appointed Bathing and Hydrotherapeutic Department under direction of physicians. Massage. Static, Faradic, Sinusoidal, and Galvanic Electricity. Especial attention given to the care and comfort of convalescents, and those who appreciate a hotel conducted in a way to meet approval of a refined and dignified clientage, free from the exactions of ultra fashionable hotel life. H andsomely Illustrated booklet with rates and full particulars mailed upon request. F, L. Young, General Manager. Interior of Church of the Ad\ocate, Philadelphia, Pa. Looking towards Chancel THE FIRM OF irlfo Miliia^wr^iii: CARPENTERS AND BUILDERS 4 If Locust Street ie p WJls Established in 1850 by Arthur H. Williams, the father of the present mem- bers of the firm; in i860 the firm was changed to Williams & McXicHOL, and in 1879, on tlie retirement of Mr. JMcXichol, the firm became Arthur H. Williams & Sons, and in 1890 tlie present firm of Arthur H. Williams' Sons succeeded to the business. They have long been known as and refer to the following as some examples of their skill St. James' Church Twenty-second and Walnut Streets Park Avenue M. E. Church Park Avenue and Norris Street Church of the Ascension Broad and South Streets U.MVERSALIST Church OF THE MESSIAH Broad Street and Montgomery Avenue Grace Church Mt. Airy St. Mary's Chapel ■ Bainbridge Street, above Eighteenth Christ Church Germantown Church of St. Simeon Ninth Street and Lehigh Avenue Church of the Saviour Thirty-eighth and Ludlow Streets Church of the Advocate Eighteenth and Diamond Streets Christ Church Riverton, New Jersey St. John's Church Camden, New Jersey Centenary M. E. Church Camden, New Jersey Church of the Redeemer Bryn Mawr THREE IMPORTANT REASONS WHV "The Light of the Home" SHOULD BE THE NEW IJniversal Welsbach First. — It is a soft, mellow, cheerful light, restful to the eyes. Second — It adds beauty and attrac- tiveness to your surroundings. Third. — It reduces cost of lighting 83 ' .^ per cent. Its Cost is an Investment== Not an Expense WHY? Because the saving in your gas bills will repay the cost many times over. ^^^^^^^^^^ Thousands of users of the Welsbach system testify to this. ^ ^ j- We guarantee it. WRITE TO YOUR DEALER FOR OUR ILLUSTRATED BOOKLET Refuse Substitutes The trade name, " Welsbach." is stamped on all goods of our manufacture. All labels bear the trade mark of the Shield of Quality. WELSBACH COMPANY Factories, GLOUCESTER, N. J., and CHICAGO, ILL. SALESROOMS IN ALL LEADING CITIES IN GOLDEN GATE PARK, SAN FRANCISCO. ROSE VINE COVERIXi, HOUSE AT SANTA BARBARA. IN THE GARDEN, AT THE SANTA BARBARA MISSION. Th e Comp osing Rooms of the Avil Printing Com pany, from whose esta blishm ent t his handsome brochure is issued, is equipped ■w ith the Mergenthaler Linotyp e Composing Machines & The Linotype produces perfect printing slugs in one hundred different faces, and can be adapted to twenty-seven different lan- guages. This wonderful mechanical mar\el performs the work of fi\t or six men for one-half their cost, and adds at least 50 per cent to the clearness and cleanliness of the finished product. Linotype machines are in daily use in the office of every large newspaper in this country. Every periodical of any importance is pulilished from Linotype slugs. It is this fact which has served in a great measure to lessen the cost of production and makes the penny paper and the ten-cent magazine possible. Linotvpe machines are sold outright on easv terms, ov leased with the pri\-ilege of purcliase. Catalogue and full particulars ma^■ be had by addressing INIergenthaler Linotype Company, new york. chicago. san francisco. The body of this advertisement was set by a Mergenthaler Linotype Composing Machine and shows one of the many faces of type which it casts. MEN SIFTING BEANS AT CAMULOS. NEAR THE HOME OF RAMONA. ON ADAMS AVENUE, LOS ANGELES. iti\IkA;\k.E i\j •.tic^LER PARK, LOS AXGELES. Grand Canyon of Arizona THE CHIEF ATTRACTION OF A TRIP TO California No stage ride. Santa Fe trains now run daily to the Canyon's rim. Less than three hours by rail from main CaKfornia line of the Santa Fe. Side-trip excursion rate greatly reduced. Ample Pullman accom- modations upon resuming transcontinental journey. Says Charles F. Lummis : It is the greatest chasm in the world and the most su- perb. I have seen veteran travelers break down in its awful presence." A mile deep, 13 miles wide, 217 miles long. THE LUXURIOUS CALIFORNIA LIMITED, CHICAGO to LOS ANGELES and SAN FRAN- Santa Fe Our travel books, "Grand Canyon of Arizona" and "To California and Back," mailed on receipt of 10 cents. Address nearest Atchison. Topeka & Santa Fe k'y System Office. NEW YORK, 377 Broadwav. BOSTON", 332 WashinRloii St. DETROIT, isi Griswold St. (T,E\T-".I,AND, Williamson BIdg. ( INl INNATI. 41- Walnut St. riTl sr.l KG. 402 I'ark Bids;. ST. LOLTS, loS N. Fourth St. CHICAGO, lot. Adams St. KANSAS CITY, lotll & Main Sis. DES MOINES. -,08 Emiitable Bldg. MINNEAPOLIS, 503 Guaranty Loan Bldg. I.>EN\'ER. 1700 Lawrence St. SALT LAKE CITY, 4li Doolv BIk. LOS ANGELES. 200 Spring St. SAN FRANCISCO, 641 Market St. GALY'FSTON. 224 Trcmont St. DALLAS. 246 Main St. SAN ANTONIO. loi E. Commerce St. ATLANTA, 14 N. Prvor St. J ^ m 4.^^k^£^l^i^ z: m-^- ■■"-"■'■-' i- ^ S M ^ Ie- - "* ^"'-af-' --■^* • ^■^-}^il :- i* • Y ^■■ J ^ ~ -^ -\ 1'"''' ^' •'\ ,^..,-,-i^*;&. , ■tv •^•'-'-vJ^S^. ->»-.;':?:_-.. J S^^---,-. .-^- -!i£' ' ■■" .-"" '^•"'— . •^J- ,^--r— •• ^>Z ^^^^S^^^^i^fe:/^^ 4 fc:|;^v^^^'& fe^. ^■:-^- _;^-4 m ^^^^Mi m-*! ^^&J i ■ it. ' .- 1 »• i^ ■-^4 r .•.'■Wg^aggs^. . "j ^^^fe^^^ t \ r ^■1 fT^ 1 ■ i m Our Trip to ic^ California IN ATTENDANCE UPON THE General Convention OF THE Protestant Episcopal Church ©ctobcv, H. ID, 1001 _D o cLi V) e. va/i I I I oL vvn -i5iAcLa,. (From the " Parish Messoiger " of the Church of the Saviour, Philadelphia) CD FY "- TJ 30 OUR TRIP TO CALIFORNIA. ON THE OUTWARD WAY. At the Convention of the Diocese of Penn- sylvania, which met in May last, the Rector was elected a deputy to the General Conven- tion appointed to assemble in San Francisco on October 2. As the weeks rolled by, and the time for the meeting of the Convention drew near, the question became an interesting one, by what route shall we go and by what route shall we return? The "we" at that time consisted of Mrs. William W. Farr, whose husband's memory is still so warmly cherished by so many in our church, the Rector's wife, and himself. Time tables were gathered and itineraries carefully studied that the utmost possible satisfaction might be secured, both going and returning. Much the most attractive outward itinerary was that arranged by the Raymond & Whitcomb Company, leaving Boston, New York and Philadelphia on Friday, September 20, and going, as was stated in the prepared circular, "via the Great Northwest, traversing the magnificent scenic region of the Canadian Rockies by daylight, Seattle, Tacoma and Portland, through the valleys of the Umpqua and Rogue Rivers, over the Siskiou Moun- tains, and through the IMount Shasta Region." It was also stated that the train going by this route would be a special one, with a particular schedule prepared for it, "arranged so as to include the above grand attractions in a com- fortable and leisurely manner," and that the number of persons who could be cared for would be "positively limited." The only trouble about this train in the Rector's mind was this — it was scheduled to leave on Friday, September 20. The Rector had set his heart upon being at home in Philadelphia on Sun- day, September 22, and officiating in his accustomed place. What could be done? It was finally concluded that the opportunity of going by the best train, and in the best way for seeing the most glorious of Nature's won- ders, was too good a one to be lost. "It is once in a lifetime;" this thought gathered force until it became decisive. Meanwhile the Rector's party had grown. It finally in- cluded not only Mrs. Farr, his wife and him- self, but also two of his daughters and Miss Nina F. Lewis, all members of our congrega- tion. As Pullman tickets had been secured, and all arrangements made that a day might be spent at Niagara Falls and the Buffalo Exposition, the ladies of the party then in Philadelphia left the Reading Terminal on Thursday, September 19, at 10.30 a. m. The Rector remained for the day, that he might take part in the memorial service held in our church in honor of President McKinley. Great was his surprise on reaching the church ten minutes before the hour of service to hear from Dr. Mac Alister, president of the Drexel Institute, who w-as seeking entrance by the rear door, that crowds were pressing in front, and admission there was practically impossi- ble. The service prepared by the Bishop of the Diocese was read by him, excepting only the lesson, which was read by Rev. Mr. Beagen. The time given by our good Bishop to the preparation of a service than which none could have been more appropriate made the service very familiar to him. So natu- rally his reading of it carried home its words to every heart in a most impressive way. The Rector made the address. He could do this the more readily by reason of his friendly personal relations with the dead President, covering a period of many years. It seemed as though men were touched that day by the general sorrow as great masses of men are but rarely touched on earth. It would have been a real grief to the Rector if he could not have been present at that service. Indeed, his feeling was such that he would have sacri- ficed almost anything to that end. By taking a night train he joined his family at Niagara Falls the following day. OUR TRIP TO CALIFORNIA. 31 The morning was spent in looking at the Falls, from one point of view and another. Rain fell in the afternoon, but not enough to keep some eager travelers away from the Buffalo Exposition, that they might see there just a little, including the wonderful electri- cal illumination of the buildings after the close of day. It was indeed wonderful, the one thing to be seen at this particular Exposition far surpassing anything of the kind that had ever been attempted before. Mrs. Farr had been in the Adirondacks. She joined us after our return to Niagara, and we were all soon ensconced in our berths in a Pullman car which was to be our abode until we reached San Francisco. Had all gone well, we should have left Niagara soon after midnight. But a wreck on the Boston & Albany Railroad detained most of our fellow- passengers, so that our train did not finally pull out until nearly daylight. On our own car, besides the Rector's party, there were the following Philadelphians : Rev. Dr. C. S. Olmsted, Francis A. Lewis, Esq., and Row- land Evans, Esq., accompanied by his wife and daughter. On other cars there were Bishops Lawrence, McVickar and Brewster, and not a few leading clerical and lay deputies to the Convention, including the Rev. Dr. Lindsay, of Boston, who was afterward chosen president of the House of Deputies by a very large majority of votes. Some good friends have since pleasantly called our train "The Caucus Train." There was a great deal of good-fellowship on the train, and Dr. Lindsay was there as elsewhere a favorite, but the amount of "caucusing" done was not great. It was not necessary. And what shall we say of the ladies, some with gray hairs, but all young with grace and enthusiasm? Miss Coles, of Philadel- phia, was in the car with her devoted friend, Miss McVickar, now of Rhode Island, but heretofore and always of the City of Bro- therly Love. Prominent leaders in the Woman's Auxiliary were there by the score. As Dr. Olmsted afterwards wrote of them: They try to make our days pleasant, They bow and smile as they pass. How wonderfully they succeeded! Without them even our glorious trip would have failed of more than half its enjoyment. Our daylight ride through Canada to the Detroit River, on Saturday, was uneventful. We had but a glimpse of the beautiful City of the Straits, and then passed on through Ann Arbor, Jackson and Kalamazoo to the one and only Chicago. We were scheduled to arrive in that marvelous city of wondrous material greatness at four o'clock, but our delay in leaving Niagara made us four hours late, so that as soon as was possible we pressed onward to Minneapolis. To those who wakened early on Sunday morning the ride from La Crosse to St. Paul along the beautiful " Father of Waters" brought much enjoyment. At Minneapolis we were transferred to the West House, and soon afterwards many found their way to one church and another for praise and prayer. At St. Mark's the Bishop of Con- necticut preached a stirring sermon, making eloquent reference to Bishop Whipple, who had then just died, and lifting up some of the glories of the Church which he loved and served. Bishop Brewster's spirit was the spirit of an older son of Yale, Beyond my highest joy I prize her heavenly ways, Her sweet communion, solemn vows, Her hymns of love and praise. On Monday morning about half-past nine o'clock, we left Minneapolis by the St. Paul & Sault Ste. Jlarie Railroad otherwise known as the "Soo Pacific Line," journeying north- westward through Minnesota and North Dakota. In the latter State, where blizzards are born and grow to great dimensions, we had a genuine storm of snow. Think of it! When the thermometer in Philadelphia was up in the nineties, we were passing through not a snow squall, but a snow storm. On Tuesday morning we were at Portal, just on the Canadian border, and not very many hours thereafter we halted at Moose Jaw, 3-2 OUR TRIP TO CALIFORXIA. where some of us walked to the post office, bought some Canadian stamps, sent off some telegrams, and got some letters ready for " posting." And so we passed on by day and by night over a country but thinly populated, seeing here and there a few huts and tents, some Indians, and some railway workmen, and only one coyote, through "Swift Cur- rent" and "Medicine Hat," until, on Wednes- day morning, we reached Calgary. It so happens that a daily newspaper is published in Calgary, which is described in our guide- book as "the most important as well as the handsomest place between Brandon and Van- couver." We were afterwards told that this newspaper spoke disrespectfully of a party which preceded ours, journeying to San Fran- cisco for the Convention, saying that money might belong and must to these wayfarers, for certainly they were not traveling on their looks. Our Ohio and Virginia friends were not much troubled by these comments. If they had only been with us, however, they would most certainly have escaped them alto- gether. Calgary was in festive attire, waiting the arrival of the Duke and Duchess of York, for whose coming great preparations were then being made. Flags were everywhere, cheap as well as abundant, so a good many found their way into our cars, and are now, no doubt, decorating many homes in New Eng- land, New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware and the District of Columbia. The Mounted Police, too, went through their performances handsomely, of course in honor of their dis- tinguished American visitors. Perhaps this is a good place for the intro- duction of some descriptive matter taken from a railway " folder" : Calgar}', a thriving city, marks the Pid of the roll- ing plains, and from here the Rock> Mountains are plainly in sight. After a ride of three hours "The Gap," which marks the beginning of five hundred miles of the wildest and most picturesque scenery on the continent, is reached. The contrast of rising to mountain heights from low plains is now thoroughly impressive. The beautiful Bow River, which ap- pears oS and on for the next hundred miles, makes its first appearance here. At "The Gap" station a magnificent view is obtained of Wind Mountain and the Three Sisters. A remarkable contrast between the ranges ahead is noticeable. On the right are fantastically broken and castellated heights; on the left, massive snow-laden promontories rising thous- ands of feet, penetrated by enormous alcoves in which haze and shadow of gorgeous coloring lie en- gulfed. The jaggedness of profile observed from the plains is now explained. Eighteen miles beyond "The Gap" is Banff, in the heart of the Rock}- Mountain Park. Few places have found such speedy recognition of their attractiveness, and none have better deserved the encomiums of enthusiastic tourists, for of all the lovely spots that gem the American continent, it stands alone without a rival. Its surroundings are the mountain steeps beside whose immense jagged heights the crags and peaks of the Alps sink into insignificance. It is not a question of one mountain or of two, but of many, for they stretch far away as the eye can follow them, and roll upon one another in chaotic disorder. The very acme of sublimity and grandeur is reached, and in its natural beauty Banff finds no counterpart in other lands. In the centre of this magnificent panorama are the Banff Hot Springs — natural wells of mineral water having^ peculiar medicinal qvialities — and here the Canadian Pacific Railwa}- Company has erected a large and well-appointed hotel, perched on a lofty promontory which commands not only an uninterrupted view of the Bow Valley, but of peaks and stretches of the Rockies in other directions. In the surrounding country for miles, science has availed itself of nature's lavish gifts to create, out of the wilderness, a mountain park, twenty-six miles long by ten wide, a public pleasure-ground without an equal. Streams have been bridged, roads laid out, and trails cut, penetrating for miles into the solitudes, so that in many directions the visitors may drive, ride, wheel, or wander afoot, inhaling the health-giving moun- tain air, or seeking the most favorable spots for biiish, pencil, kodak, rod or gun. We reached Banff in time for luncheon, and afterwards took a drive in an open carriage, not minding much the slowly-falling rain, for beauty was everywhere and strength, and we wanted to see as much as possible of the power and glory of one of the greatest of mountain ranges. The afternoon passed quickly, and the evening too, at the Banff hotel. We were not unduly late in going to bed, for we were to leave the next morning at eight o'clock "for a tour of two davs through the grand scenery of the Cana- OUR TRIP TO CALIFORNIA. 33 dian Rockies." Sure enough, we were off the next morning bright and early; and after- wards what visions we beheld! The day was bright and glorious, and the frosts had already touched the foliage, so that the abounding maples were everywhere shining as gold. And the shrubbery ! Was ever any carpet stretched in a palace so rich and varied in its beauty? On and on we went, with mountain crags above us and rushing waters beneath, passing helmet-shaped Lefroy, cross- ing the deep gorge of the Kicking Horse River, by Cathedral Rock, within sight of peaks, from any one of which ' ' by actual count more than eighty distinct glaciers are visible with- out the aid of a field-glass." And so on to the Great Glacier — "a vast plateau of gleaming ice, one glacier of a group of glaciers alto- gether, as large, it is said, as all those of Switzerland combined, the ice field of which the Great Glacier is one of a number of outlets, embracing more than two hundred square miles." At Glacier we halted for the night, sleeping on the cars. But we found time to go to the hotel for an entertainment which had been arranged for on the train. All kinds of trinkets, most of them of very small actual value, had been contributed, and Mr. Francis A. Lewis had consented to act as "Auc- tioneer." The sale was to be for the benefit of a church in North Dakota. Well, there was "lots of fun" in the sale, and the bidding was lively, almost as lively as Mr. Lewis' wit, which was most entertaining. Three bright poems were read, which afterwards brought good prices, as did some sketches made by some gifted ladies who know Massa- chusetts as their home. Dr. Olmsted's " Lines read at Glacier" began We're bound for San Francisco Upon the Pacific Sea: — Disciples a hundred and twenty And bishops numbering three. Then followed some very bright character- ization of the bishops and many of the clerical and lay deputies of the party, and afterwards these lines: We've come through Minnesota, And the land of the antelope, We saw the marvels of Moose Jaw, And Calgary, Canada's hope. We came near seeing a Duchess; And Cornwall's royal Duke; M}'' goodness ! Isn't it dreadful! I wonder how they lukel We got off at Sandoun, a village. And saw some dogs about; There we wish to build a teinple Of timbers strong and stout. We passed by shallow rivers And wildernesses grand; Snow filled the sacred darkness While sleep sifted over the land. Fair Autumn has gone before us And touched the earth with gold ; The mountains guard the valleys As a shepherd doth his fold. We have reached the gateways of Eden, We have passed o'er a wonderfid road We have seen our humanity's working, We have felt the finger of God. 'Twill make us stronger to labor, 'Twill help us in our prayers, 'Twill give us sublimer feeling 'Mid legislative cares. I would we might carry the spirit Of the mountains and the streams To the land of the Pacific, Where the golden sunset gleams; That sympathetic wisdom Might fill our purposes And love light on the banners We give to every breeze ! That all our American people Might kinship with us hold And say "This General Convention Was greater than any of old. " Rain came with Friday morning, but ere long it disappeared and we could see "Sir Donald" looming above us ten thousand feet, and the Loop, and other wonders of the heights and of the deep. It was on Friday afternoon, as we were skirting Shuswap Lake, that we saw the most wonderful rainbow we 34 OUR TRIP TO CALIFORNIA had ever looked upon. Some of us after- wards saw one equally beautiful, on Sunday, October 27, at the Grand Canyon in Arizona. In size and splendor and intensity of color, we can never hope to see the like again on earth. On Friday evening we entered Thompson Canyon, and afterwards Fraser Canyon. The scenery of the latter is thought by many to be the grandest in our land. As our guide- book says, "It is not only interesting, but startling. It has been well described as 'matchless.' The great river is forced be- tween vertical walls of black rocks where, repeatedly thrown back upon itself by oppos- ing cliffs, or broken by ponderous masses of fallen rock, it madly foams and roars." If possible, the sight was even more impressive by night than by day. The moon was full. So we turned ofT the lights in the car and looked out upon the shifting landscape. The breath of some came quickly as they looked. It seemed so very dangerous to be running along such precipitous rocks, with such awful chasms yawning below. When we reached Yale on towards midnight a gentleman of the party said feelingly that he was glad to have seen such wonders, but that he would not make the trip again for a thousand dollars in cash. Some of us would be glad to do it for that amount of money every day in the year, and pour the greater part of the proceeds into the Missionary Treasury. Nevertheless, filled to the full with such wonderful sights, we were more than ready to close our eyes in sleep. On Saturday morning we wakened in the State of Washington only to learn that our train was much behind time. There had been a needless delay through the folly of some Custom House official, as we crossed the border, and the Northern Pacific engine which was pulling us was too small for our heavy train. So, though due at Seattle for an early breakfast, we did not reach there until nearly noon. Meanwhile we had parted with our dining cars, and so had to wait for breakfast. Churchmen and Churchwomen were in readiness at the "Rainier-Grand" to welcome us, and to show us the sights, but first we had to be fed, and afterwards there was but little time to see a city which is advancing with giant strides. We reached Tacoma between three and four o'clock, where we fared much better; special trolley cars were prepared for us, and we had time for a glance at a solidly-built and very attractive cit}' of homes. One of the most attractive things we saw was the "Annie Wright Semi- nary," founded by Mr. Charles B. Wright, whose generosity was manifested in the en- largement of the Church of the Saviour, Phil- adelphia, as well as by many good works on the Pacific Coast. Sunday morning found us in Portland, Oregon, in time for an early breakfast at the "Portland," which was much enjoyed. The Portland is one of the best of hotels, as Portland is one of the most beautiful of cities. At the appointed hour we sought Trinity Church for worship and instruction. A very vigorous sermon was preached by the Bishop of Montana, who was one of the many bishops and clergy assem- bled by many trains and routes for a day of Sunday rest in the chief city of Oregon. The Rector was apparently somewhat ungracious, because he could not announce his list of Episcopal speakers for a Missionary meeting in the evening, but that doubtless was a matter only of the passing moment. In the afternoon we mounted one of the hills over- looking the city on the Williamette, and there, through an air as clear as crystal, saw far away four snow-capped peaks. Mount Adams, Mount Tacoma, Mount St. Helens and ilount Hood. The following words written about Port- land are really not too strong : " Portland, with its mountain setting and its near- by Columbia that rolls majestically to the sea, capa- ble of carrying any commerce on its broad bosom, and hiding in its depths the vast wealth of the salmon fisheries! Human vision never rested on a fairer spot for a city — a plateau beside the Wil- liamette, where the great business centre stands, with its perpetual testimony of wealth and enter- prise, and rising into the thoroughfares of homes that climb to the overlooking heights." The Rt. Rev. William White, D. D., First Bishop of Pennsylvania. The Rt. Rev. Alonzo Potter, D,D., Third Bishop of Pennsylvania. OUR TRIP TO CALIFORNIA. 37 Somewhere about nine o'clock in the even- ing we were again on our cars, now bound for San Francisco. Here are some descriptive words telling of this portion of our trip : "The journey from Portland to San Francisco over the Shasta Route affords one of the most picturesque and diversified railway rides in America. " The two great mountain ranges of California, the Sierras and the Coast Range, which extend the length of the eastern and western borders of the State, meet at the north, and the Siskiyou Mountains extend laterall}' along the northern line, forming a natural barrier between California and Oregon. " This is a wild and picturesque country. Ice- carved canyons, glaciers living and dead, frost-riven pinnacles, spires of granite and cliffs of basalt, beds of lava and caves of ice, sounding waterfalls and silent lakes, grand pine palisades and beetling cliffs — scenery at once grand, varied, solitary and sub- lime. "For twenty years, while California was still Mexi- can territory, the streams in the northern part of the State and of the great Sacramento Valley were con- stantly visited by trappers; then came the miner and later the stockman, who found as much wcilth in the grass that fattened his stock for market as did the miner in the gold, which in some places was said to exist from the "grass roots " down. "The daily stage was for many 5'ears the only com- munication between this mountainous country and the outside world. Children were bom and became men who had never heard the whistle of the loco- motive. The tremendous mountain ranges seem- ingly presented unsurmountable obstacles to even the most skillful engineer. But time, money, patience and human ingenuity are great factors in the success of any undertaking. Piece bv piece the iron horse nibbled away at both ends of the route, until at last the Oregon and California on the north, and the Southern Pacific Company on the south, had each reached the base of the Siskiyou Moun- tains in their respective States. The latter com- pany then undertook and carried to a successful termination the work of connecting the two roads, and the once long journey of many days can now be made through by daylight." Mount Shasta is fourteen thousand four hundred and forty feet in height. Passing as we did within sight of its snow-crowned dome for the greater portion of Monday's daylight, it became very familiar to us; though, when the figures were given to us from time to time, we found it impossible to realize that it was so far away ; for forty miles seemed to the vision hardly more than four. At Shasta Springs we alighted and drank the waters, and then again pressed on. From Minneapolis to BanfT, and so on until we left the Canadian frontier, two dining cars had formed part of our train. So in them, or in hotels of the highest grade, we were well supplied with an abundance of good things to eat. But on Monday we had to depend on eating stations. We fared sufficiently well. It is said that when we reached San Fran- cisco we were just thirty seconds behind our scheduled time. At any rate a well-con- tented party was that which on Tuesday morning steamed along on a great ferryboat upon the waters of a magnificent bay well nigh closed by the Golden Gate. Mr. Cooke had been our conductor. With so large a train, his had been no easy task. It was necessary that he should be alert and watch- ful by day and by night. And he was. We were grateful to him and appreciative of his good work. Once landed, we were soon at the Palace Hotel, where most of the party, including all from Philadelphia, found satis- factory lodgment. We hope to have more to say concerning our stay in California and our homeward journey in subsequent issues of the Parish Messenger. We now merely append an extract from a letter entitled "On the Eve of the Conven- tion," printed in the Church Standard, with the initials W. B. B.: "To most of those who are here in attendance upon the Convention the journey across the continent has been made for the first time. So there has been much of marvel as well as surprise. How magnifi- cent the scenery, surpassing all expectations! How great the distances, impressing the thought, 'how immense is this land of ours ! ' And what wonder- ful cities some of these Western cities are! Of course, men are saying, we expected that they would be full of enterprise and vigor, but we did not expect to see them solidly built of enduring material with great business blocks that would be creditable to any city on the earth I "And now that we are in San Francisco two thoughts find strongest lodgment: first, that the Pacific Coast is vastlv farther along in those material 38 OUR TRIP TO CALIFORNIA. things that help to make vip a great and advancing civiHzation than the Atlantic Coast was a century ago — indeed farther along in many wa^-s than the Atlantic Coast was half a century ago. This is a good place in which to read Josiah Strong's little book on "Expansion." Bishop Berkeley's cry of "Westward the course of empire" keeps ringing in one's ears. Our Atlantic cities are great, but our Pacific cities are to be still greater. There is a land of roses hero, of brightness and of joy, a land where high hills hop with gladness, and valleys laugh and sing. But, most of all, men are here, and women, and little children, with good heredit}- and marvel- ous environment making for push and progress. Second, the Church has here a mighty field. "A great and effectual door is opened to me," wrote St. Paul, "and there are many adversaries." One of the first remarks heard by the writer after reaching San Francisco was this, uttered by a man of high intelligence and culture, "Well, I have been in hell." His reference was to the sights he had seen the night before, under the guidance of a detective. The kingdom of evil is here in vast and tremendous power. The kingdom of righteousness, and peace, and joy in the Holy Ghost ought to be here in still greater power. Our best men should be here, work- ing for Christ and the Church, and prayers should daily go tip on their behalf, whilst the word of en- treaty and command should cry: " Strike, let every nerve and sinew Tell on ages, tell for God." OUR STAY IN CALIFORNIA. So far as tlieir addresses were known, the December number of the Parish Messenger, telling of "Our Trip to California," was sent to all the members of the special "Raymond & Whitcomb" party who crossed the conti- nent under extraordinarily favorable condi- tions. Quite a number of letters have been received in acknowledgment, of which the following may be regarded as a good specimen : "I thank you ever so much for the copy of )-our Parish Messenger which I have received. The account of our journey westward is extremely interesting, and the pictures of the mountains, etc. bring delightful memories. I suppose no company of people ever had a more happy journey than ours was on our way to the convention in San Francisco, and I doubt if we ever have anything like it again in this world, for novelty and delightful companion- ship. Since I came I have felt really rebuked and humiliated to think how low an opinion I had always held of our great West. I have crossed the Atlantic as often as I cotild, but I had never had any desire to cross the continent before. One must see for one's self to know what a great and wonderful country our Fatherland is." Yes, indeed. " One must see for oneself to know," but it makes a good deal of difference just how one sees to know. Here is the story of another experience, told in another Mes- sciii^cr published elsewhere : " First, there was the going from Chicago in one of the two special cars arranged by the Burlington road. These cars were sidetracked at Denver for half a day, Manitou Springs from 5. p.m. till loa. m.,and at Salt Lake City from 1 1 a. m. on Sunday till noon of Monday, giving the opportunity which the fifty occupants gladly embraced, not only for exercise, but for enjoying the sights, visiting friends, and — what we shall all remember — getting a hotel dinner. (It may be philanthropic here to interject the warning that you can't believe all you hear or read from railroad sources about the ample and palatial accommodations of dining-cars, the perfect service therein, and all that, when excursions are running. A dining-car seating thirty was expected to feed 200 people three times a day, and meantime drop off and feed an equal number on a following section of the same train, from Denver to San Francisco! Similar accommodations were provided on the northern routes!)" Just the full extent of our obligations to the Raymond & Whitcomb Company we may never know. We certainly fared exceedingly well, and our experience was most satisfac- tory. We are still enthusiastic about it. OUR TRIP TO CALIFORNIA. 39 As to the Convention itself, it is not our pur- pose to write at length. It began its work on Wednesday, October 2, and ended it on Thurs- day, October 17. For most of the time there were not only morning and afternoon sessions, but evening sessions also. These evening ses- sions were given up to the consideration of the great work of Missions. They were well attended, and were certainly useful. The debates of the Convention were, in the main, on a high plane for clearness of statement and oratorical power. And the conclusions reached were, as it seems to us, on the whole, wise. The great good of the Convention came from the daily association of friends and brethren from every part of our broad land. That could hardly fail to make for an increase of faith and charity. Clergymen and laymen divided in many matters of opinion were led to respect and trust each other. That surely is a gain. The ladies of the Rector's party had time for shopping and no little sight-seeing, but such was not his privilege. The only time he accompanied them was on a Saturday after- noon drive through Golden Gate Park. No wonder that the San Franciscans are proud of their achievements in bringing this remark- able park so near perfection. One of the guide-books says of this : "The Park, including the 'Panhandle,' is over four miles long. When it was provided for by Leg- islative act in 1S70, there was little on the site to suggest a park. For the most part it consisted of barren sand dunes, such as now can be seen on either side of it. The wind was constantly changing these sand ridges, but the lupin was planted by tens of thousands, and a special grass, which thrives in the sand, was imported, and thus the shifting of the sand was stayed. Then drives were laid out and macadamized, trees, shrubs and flowers planted, lawns laid down, and now, after but thirty years, the sand dunes have become a park whose rare beauty is the astonishment of all visitors, and whose fame has gone into every land. Seldom has the world seen a greater triumph of the energy of man over the inhospitalities of nature." San Francisco itself is a great city and sure to become greater. Some of its residences are palatial. Many of its business blocks are solid and imposing. The sunshine is there and the flowers. Push and energy abound. Material prosperity is assured. Would that spiritual prosperity were equally evident or sure of coming soon ! The Rector felt it to be his duty to remain until the very last moment in attendance upon the sessions of the Convention. This he ac- cordingly did. But the ladies were not thus bound. So, on Monday, October 14, they packed their trunks and took their onward way to Los Angeles, stopping at Monterey and Santa Barbara. They were already familiar with the good management of the Southern Pacific R. R.. having experienced its com- forts along the wonderful Mount Shasta route from Portland to San Francisco. This great railroad has two lines to Monterey, one popu- larly known as the broad gauge and the other as the narrow gauge. The broad gauge is the direct line. Being both "broad gauge" and "direct," the ladies appropriately took that route. The Rector followed on Friday by the narrow gauge. That suited him best chiefly by reason of one consideration. A deputy from the Diocese of Los Angeles, Mr. J. Bake- well Phillips, formerly of Pittsburg, had in- vited a company of friends, some of them amongst the most prominent of the Bishops and Clerical and Lay Deputies attending the Convention, to make the trip with him to Los Angeles, stopping among other places at the "Big Trees," near Santa Cruz. The earlier portion of this itinerary suited exactly. So an invitation to become one of many pilgrims was gladly accepted, with the underlying thought "If the railway is narrow gauge, the big trees will be broad enough to more than make up for that." We had luncheon on the grounds where these trees lift up their giant trunks to heaven, and wandered there some two or three hours. But the truth is these trees did not look so large as we had supposed they would look. They are in a grove; so one gets only a nearby view of them. And they are so well proportioned that one needs to be told in figures of their immense height before he realizes how great they are. It took nine- 40 OUR TRIP TO CALIFORNIA. teen of our party, with outstretched arms, to reach round the largest of them. Of some we are told that they are three hundred feet high and thirty feet in diameter, and it is added: "Here is one with door and windows cut through its walls to the great hollow within, where in early days a family lived and a child was born." These "big trees " are well worth seeing. They are among the wonders of the Great West. Nevertheless, many other things leave a greater impression. Let the whole truth be told, however. The trees which we saw belong to the variety known as "Sequoia sempervirens." The big- gest trees of all are classed as " Sequoia gigan- tea " Thej^ are bigger, but after all not so much bigger. The tallest Sequoia yet meas- ured is 405 feet high; the greatest base cir- cumference of known specimens is no feet; the estimated age is about eight thousand years. Our itinerary as planned led us not on to Santa Cruz near at hand, but back to San Jose. There we took the train for Del Monte after a glimpse of San Jose, which we found to be a very attractive town. "Del Monte," so we had been told, "is the great show place of California." We found it to be such, and were sorry that we could not linger there. Del Monte is the station just before Monterey. There we left the train after night had fallen and were soon enjoying supper. Wherever we went in Southern California we found friends whom we had met at the Convention in San Francisco. So at this big Del Monte hotel. They kept us a little while from sleep, but not for long. In the morning some of us were up bright and early for a walk through the hotel grounds which are in their way so very wonderful. Listen for a moment to the story of "Del Monte:" " The landed domain which the Pacific Improve- ment Company has made contributory to the Hotel del Monte includes the one hundred and twenty-six cultivated acres constituting the hotel grounds, nearly the whole of the peninsula of Monterey, and an immense region stretching south- ward and embracing the valley of the Carmel River and its great mountain watershed. The hotel grounds are level, and besides the exquisite flower garden and lawns are the ancient natural features preserved in their original integrity — vast spreading live-oaks and towering pines. The singular con- trast between these two majestic arboreal types exercises a peculiar charm for the trained observer and lover of nature. The live-oaks are of the kind peculiar to California — an immense turtle-backed upper contour, forming a compact canopy over a sturdy bole from which radiate fantastically fash- ioned branches, mostly horizontal. The whole effect is one of imposing massiveness and superb strength in repose. ' ■ In very sharp contrast to these wild and untama- ble natural features are the dainty flower beds, in infinite variety of form, color, composition and texture — seemingly too fine and artistic to be the work of mere skilled human hands, and sug- gesting the ingenuity and taste of fairies. Here flowers from all parts of the world unfold their color and fragrance every day the year round, reveling in a climate more generous than that of the country which gave them birth. Here also is the 'Arizona Garden,' a gathering of outlandish cacti from the arid Southwest. A maze, walks and lanes com- plete one of the noblest gardens in the world." After breakfast on Saturday morning we took the famous "seventeen mile drive." The we this time means the Rev. Dr. Anstice and Mrs. Anstice, of Philadelphia; the Rector and our driver. The day was glorious and everything seemed to favor our enjoyment. Through Monterey we went, and past Pacific Grove, along the mighty ocean, then on to Carmel Bay and so through the winding forests, looking now at some pines belonging to a species which are found nowhere else in the world, and then at wonderful cypresses "a thousand years old when the Wise Men of the East beheld the Star of Bethlehem," and still again at the Sea Lion Rookeries, and the animals so numerous and so interesting. Saturday evening — somewhere near eleven o'clock — found us at Santa Barbara, a charm- ing spot known for its beauty throughout the earth. We were told at the Arlington Hotel that Dr. E. H. Williams, so long one of our Vestrymen, spent seventeen winters at that hotel. The old Mission Church at Santa Bar- bara is the best preserved of any of the twenty- one Spanish Missions, the first of which were Rt. Rev. Phillips Brooks, D. D., For many years a Philadeiphia Rector. The Rt. Rev. Ozi W« Whitaker, D, D., Fifth Bibhop of Pennsylvania. OUR TRIP TO CALIFORNIA. 43 founded by the Franciscans before the orig- inal Thirteen Colonies on our Eastern sea- board declared that they were free and inde- pendent States. The worship there is still solemn and impressive. In this connection here is an interesting ex- tract from one of our little guide-books : "The end of the Franciscan dynasty came suddenly with the secularization of the mission property by the Mexican government to replete the exhausted treasuries of Santa Ana. Sadly the fathers for- sook the scene of their long labors, and silently the Indians melted away into the wilderness and the darkness of their natural ways, save such as had intermarried with the families of Spanish soldiers and colonists. The churches are now, for the most part, only decayed legacies and frag- mentary reminders of a time whose like the world will never know again. Save only three or four, preserved by reverent hands, where modem wor- shipers, denationalized and clad in American dress, still kneel and recite their orisons, the venerable ruins are forsaken by all e.xccpt the tourist and the antiquarian, and their bells are silent forever. One cannot but feel the pity of it, for in the history of zealous servants of the cross there is hardly a more noteworthy name than that of Junipero Serra, and in the annals of their heroic endeavor there is no more signal instance of absolute failure than his who founded the California missions, aside from the perpetuation of his saintly name. They accom- plished nothing so far as can now be seen. The ■descendants of their converts, what few have sur- vived contact with the Anglo-Saxon, have no discoverable worth, and, together with the greater part of the original Spanish population, have faded away, as if a blight had fallen upon them. " But so long as one stone remains upon another, and a single arch of the missions still stands, an atmosphere will abide there, something that does not come from mountain, or vale, or sea, or sky; the spirit of consecration, it may be; but if it is only the aroma of ancient and romantic associations, the suggestion of a peculiar phase of earnest and simple human life and quaint environment that is forever past, the mission-ruins must remain among the most interesting monuments in all our varied land, and will amply repay the inconsiderable effort and outlay required to enable the tourist to view them. "San Diego, the oldest; San Luis Rey, the most poetically environed; San Juan Capistrano, of most tragic memory; San Gabriel, the most imposing, and Santa Barbara, the most perfectly preserved, will suffice the casual sightseer." On the morning of Sunday, October 20, the Rector preached in Trinity Church, Santa Barbara. He really did not wish to "tune his lyre" for that occasion. Indeed, as one who preaches both winter and summer, he wished during his journeyings to keep as far away from a pulpit as was possible. But the Bishops at the hotel were of a mind to say " I pray thee have me excused," and his help seemed to be actually needed ; so it was cheer- fully given. Being anxious to rejoin his family at Los Angeles, he did not linger long enough to take the noted mountain drive; but the ladies of his party, who did take it, are still enthusi- astic in its praise. They tell of the hermit's hut, and views o'er hill and dale and ocean, and monks duly habited quietly picking grapes from great spreading vines, and Eaton's ranch, and the culture of guava berries, and limes, and English walnuts and pomegranates, of oranges and lemons and bananas, and figs and dates and olives. Surely they saw a great deal in one after- noon's drive. Piieblo de la Rcina de los Angeles (the town of the Queen of the Angels), so named in 1781, is a most attractive and prosperous city. The U. S. Census gave it in 1880 a population of 11,183; in 1890 a population of 50,395, and in 1900 a population of 102,479. That means almost unparalleled growth and progress, even for Uncle Sam's dominion. At his first visit in 1855 Bishop Kip wrote: "Los An- geles has all the characteristics of an old Spanish town. It contains about five thou- sand inhabitants, two thousand of whom may be Americans or English. The houses are almost invariably one story high — a style of building which an occasional earthquake has rendered advisable. All around is a perfect garden, luxuriant with every kind of fruit." In 1859 Dr. George F. Pierce, Bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, wrote: "Now we came upon a scene of enchantment — Los Angeles. Contrast lent its aid, doubt- less, but this is really a charming town. The beautiful stream which meanders by it, fur- 44 OUR TRIP TO CALIFORMA. nishing irrigation to the vineyards and gar- dens, the tasteful residences, the hedges of willow, the life and stir and obvious thrift of the place, all conspire to invest it with inter- est. To us it was like a magical creation. Aladdin's lamp could hardly have conjured up a brighter, more unexpected scene. It is an old place, revised, enlarged, modernized. Spain has left her footprints, but young America will soon have left no vestige of her presence except the grapevine. This will be spared for its own sake. Here is the Eschol of America." As to the Los Angeles of to-day another has written and not overdrawn the picture : " Surrounded by hundreds of cultivated farms, whose varied products form the basis of its phenome- nal activity and prosperity, it is a really great city. It is well paved, well lighted, and abundantly served by intramural railways. It has parks of extraordinary beauty, and avenues shaded by the eucalyptus and the pepper, that most esthetic of trees. Outside the immediate thoroughfares of trade the streets are bordered by attractive homes, fronted by grounds set with palm and orange and cypress, and blooming with flowers throughout the year. It is backed by the mountains that are always present in a California landscape, and fifteen miles away lies a vista of the sea, dotted with island- peaks." Pasadena is near to Los Angeles — only seven miles away — and Mount Lowe, and Red- lands, and Riverside are close by, and San Bernardino, and Santa Monica by the sea. So there were many things to look at, and we saw them almost to the full. Let it be said, however, in fairness, that the dry season was "on" when we were in Southern California, and that the dust lessened our pleasure not a little. The rain comes with November and ends with June. March is said to be a glori- ous month in this land of fruits and flowers. In October the orange trees and all other trees look, like some boys and men, as though a good washing would improve them ; and the dust is not attractive. Driving around Red- lands and Riverside, however, we noticed that the roads had been sprinkled with crude petroleum. This need not be done very fre- quently, so we were told. It has been fotmd to be effective. The unique trip in the region round about Los Angeles is that to Santa Catalina Island. This is a trip of which any one might well say, "I wouldn't have missed it for anything." The traveler leaves by rail for San Pedro in the morning, and returns in time for evening dinner. San Pedro is the new harbor of the port of Los Angeles, and there the steamboat is taken for the journey to the famous island which looms up, like Capri, about twenty-five miles away. The journey is uneventful ex- cept for a possible seasickness which is said to be not uncommon. Avalon is reached in about two hours, where a satisfactory lunch- eon can be had. Then comes a wonder of wonders, which has been thus described. The scene pictured is of the sea aquarium or marine garden alongside Sugar Loaf Rock at Avalon : " How often, in looking over the blue waters of the ocean, we wonder at the mysterious life of its depths, and imagine the strange creatures which dwell there. Poets have described their fancies of it, scientists have written down in their exact lan- guage its characteristics, but what a revelation to see it for one's self! The glass-bottom boats are unique in California, I believe, although but an adaptation of the inarine obsen.'ation-glass which has long been in use. From these boats it is possible to look down into the water to the depth of from fifty to one hundred feet and observe the life as clearly as we look about us on land. Rowing over the kelp beds, the observer is suddenly transported into a wonder world which surpasses his most fantastic dreams. Great trees loom up out of the gloom and spread their broad corrugated leaves of amber in the bright sunlight. They wave and sway with the gentle motion of the water, and in and out swim the fish, now darting into the shadow of the kelp and again flashing in the sunlight. Schools of little fish glide with lithe motions back and forth. The golden perch glistens in its radiant armor. Now and then the iridescence of a little rainbow fish shimmers in the sun ray. The boat floats over flower beds of red, green and blue seaweed, and over rocks which are alive with the strange creatures of the deep — spiny sea urchins, sprawling starfish, floating jellyfish, and those interesting low marine creatures, timicates. All is silent save for the gentle lapping of the waves OUR TRIP TO CALIFORNIA. 45 on the boat's side, but we are looking into another world with the same curiosity and awe that the inhabitants of Mars might look into ours. It is a fascinating, never-to-be-forgotten scene." As to Pasadena a New York friend of the Rector, who is one of the most intelHgent of men and also one who has traveled in Europe, Asia and Africa, as well as America, writes: " I remember Pasadena as the most beautiful town I have ever visited — not excepting the Riviera. We saw it in the full bloom of the roses." As to Santa Monica, enough to say- that we looked there amid beautiful surround- ings at the sun first touching the waters of the Pacific and then sinking in the glowing West. Our day at Redlands and Riverside lingers in the memory with associations of joy and beauty. Smiley Heights and Magnolia ave- nue! What recollections crowd upon us as we read these names! Our eyes run over the pages of some small volume telling of the Calla lilies and the geranium bushes ten feet high, and heliotrope covering the side of a house, and giant bananas and mammoth palms, and roses in a thousand varieties, seen along the wide streets of Los Angeles, and we say "Southern California is a land of beau- teous wonders." But the one most wonder- ful thing, after all, was "The Sea Gardens of Catalina." Concerning these Evaleen Stein has written a little poem, with which we close our story now, hoping to tell the remainder in the next issue of the Messenger: Lightly let the boat go drifting, Neither hand nor oar uphfting. Let no motion fret the ocean, and no sail be now unfurled; Stranger than Aladdin's story, Lo, the dream-surpa,ssing glory And the marvel unimagined of the limpid under world I Gaze within the magic mirror Of the water, crystal clearer Than the gleaming glass enchanted made by Mer- lin's sorcery; And behold the secrets hidden Through the ages, till unbidden Sons of men came sailing, sailing down the blue Pacific Sea. See the pearl-encrusted portals Of the caverns, wherein mortals Dare not pierce with earthly vision, dare not fare with feet profane; Coral-columned halls with golden Thrones in emerald deep withholden Lit with sparkling amber splendor, where the merry mermen reign. See the long kelp banners flying From their gardens underlying All the rare transparent surface of this sunny Southern sea; Grasses, shot with silver spangles. Wreathed and caught in stany tangles Of the purple ocean-pansy and the fringed anemone. And the brilliant sea- weeds scattered Like a gay mosaic shattered In a million shining fragments over all the ocean floor; While the bright-hued fish go darting, In swift journeys, meeting, parting, Weaving gold and scarlet patterns through the water evermore. Through the light that throbs and quivers Down the depths, and breaks and shivers Into splintered flakes of brightness, that so melt and interfuse Into all such strangest ranges Of translucent color changes. That the eye is thrilled, bewildered, with their rare enchanting hues. Ah, would thus upon the gleaming Southern Sea, in happy dreaming, We might drift and drift forever! never shoreward guide the keel I Azure skies, forever smiling. Into visions sweet beguiling. And beneath our boat the splendor of those rosy dreams made real. 46 OUR TRIP TO CALIFORXIA. OUR HOMEWARD JOURNEY. The members of the party with which we traveled to San Francisco, in such happy fashion with one of the best of the " Raymond & Whitcomb" conductors, did not all return by the same route, nor at the same time. Nearly all took in the beauties of Southern California, and some saw the glories of the Yosemite, but some, from the City of the Golden Gate, made "straight for home." Buying our tickets through the Raymond & Whitcomb Company, we were free to return either with a conductor at a date specified, or to journey alone, at our own chosen time. The larger number returned under the charge of a conductor through Salt Lake City, Eagle River Canyon, over the Tennessee Pass, and through the Ro}-al Gorge, and so on through ilanitou and Denver, to their homes. Our choice, made before leaving Philadelphia, was the " Santa Fe " route. Happily we could not have chosen more wisely. We left Los Angeles on Friday evening, October 25th, and on Saturday took breakfast at "The Needles," luncheon at "Peach Springs," and dinner at "Ash Fork." At Williams we left the main line of the Sante Fe R. R., making close connections by a branch road for the object of our quest, the Grand Canyon in Arizona, one of the wonders of the world. A little delay came to us, so that we did not reach the place of our destination until nearly eleven o'clock. We had written for " accommodations," they had been definitely promised to us, but the little hotel was full of lingerers who possibly should have torn themselves away. Forgiveness was theirs, however, when it was found that there were bishops and other clergy among them, and when some of the marvels of the Canyon scenery were disclosed; meanwhile "lodgings" were provided in a Pullman car. The next morning the Rector rose early, walked a short distance from the railroad track to the rim of the canyon, and soon came back in a glow of enthusiasm, declaring "The half has not been told; this is indeed a wonder of wonders." Just a word here by waj' of explanation. It is well given in the language of Captain Clar- ence E. Button: "The name, the Grand Canyon, has been repeat- edly infringed for purposes of advertisement. The Canyon of the Yellowstone has been called 'The Grand Canyon.' A more flagrant piracy is the naming of the gorge of the Arkansas River in Colo- rado 'The Grand Canyon of Colorado,' and many persons who have visited it have been persuaded that they have seen the great chasm. These river valleys are certainly verj- pleasing and picturesque, but there is no more comparison between them and the mighty chasm of the Colorado River than there is between the Alleghanies or Trosachs and the Himalayas." Here is a good place to bring in some of the descriptive words of other men ; we copy them from a most interesting volume, "In and Around the Grand Canyon," by George Whar- ton James, published A. D. 1901, by Little, Brown & Co., of Boston. The first is from Charles Dudley Warner: "Tired as we were, we could not wait. It was only to ascend the little steep stony slope, — three hundred yards — and we should see! Our party were straggling up the hill: two or three had reached the edge. I looked up. The duchess threw up her hands and screamed; we were not fifteen paces behind, but we saw nothing. We took the few steps, and the whole magnificence broke upon us. No one could be prepared for it. The scene is one to strike dumb with awe, or to unstring the nerves; one might stand in silent astonishment, another would burst into tears. "There are some experiences that cannot be repeated — one's first view of Rome, one's first view of Jerusalem. But these emotions are pro- duced by association, by the sudden standing face to face with the scenes most wrought into our whole life and education by tradition and religion. This was without association, as it was without par- allel It was a shock so novel that the mind, dazed. The Right Rev. Thomas M. Clark, D. D„ LL, D. Bishop of Rhode Island and Presidinj; Bishop. Once a Philadelphia Rector. m Rt. Rev. Henry C Potter, D, D., LL. D., Bishop of New York. Whose earl> life was spent in Philadelphia. OUR TRIP TO CALIFORNIA. 49 quite failed to comprehend it. All that we could grasp was a vast confusion of amphitheatres and strange architectural forms resplendent with color. The vastness of the view amazed us quite as much as its transcendent beauty. We had expected a Canyon — two lines of perpendicular walls six thousand feet high, with the ribbon of a river at the bottom; but the reader may dismiss all his notions of a Canyon, indeed, of any sort of mountain or gorge scenery with which he is familiar. We had come into a new world. What we saw was not a Canyon, or a chasm, or a gorge, but a vast area which is a break in the plateau. From where we stood it was twelve miles across to the opposite wall. We looked up and down for twenty to thirty miles This great space is filled with gigantic architec- tural constructions, with amphitheatres, gorges, precipices, walls of masonry, fortresses terraced up to the level of the eye, temples mountain size, all brilliant with horizontal lines of color — streaks of solid hues a few feet in width, streaks a thousand feet in width, yellows, mingled white and gray, orange, dull red, brown, blue, carmine, green, all blending in the sunlight into one transcendent suffusion of splendor. Afar off we saw the river in two places, a mere thread, as motionless and smooth as a strip of mirror, only we knew it was a turbid, boiling torrent, six thousand feet below us. Di- rectly opposite the overhanging ledge on which we stood was a mountain, the sloping base of which was ashy gray and bluish; it rose in a series of ter- races to a thousand feet wall of dark red sand- stone, receding upward, with ranges of columns and many fantastic scvilptures, to a finial row of gigantic opera-glasses six thousand feet abo\'e the river. The great San Francisco Mountain, with its snowy crater, which we had passed on the way, might have been set down in the place of this one, and it would have been only one in a multitude of such forms that met the eye whichever w-ay we looked. Indeed, all the vast mountains in this region might be hidden in this Canyon. "Wandering a little away from the group and out of 'sight, and turning suddenly to the scene from another point of view, I experienced for a moment an indescribable terror of nature, a confusion of mind, a fear to be alone in such a presence. With all this grotesqueness and majesty of form and radiance of color, creation seemed in a whirl. With our education in scenery of a totally different kind, I suppose it would need long acquaintance with this to familiarize one with it to the extent of perfect mental comprehension." The second is from Harrison Gray Otis : "Suddenly the awful majesty of the Grand Canvon is revealed to his startled vision. There before him lies the mighty red rift in the earth, the most stupendous gorge within the knowledge of man. The mind is spellbound by the spec- tacle; the voice is silent; the heart is subdued; the soul turns in profound reverence to the Almighty, whose handiwork is here seen on a colossal scale. No matter how many descriptions of the Grand Canyon may have been previously read by him who sees it for the first time, its profound depths, its colossal heights, its myriad and matchless colors, its brilliant hues, its striking-lights and shades, its mighty sinuosities, and its altogether grand en- semble will fill the beholder with a mingled sense of awe, wonder, admiration, and reverence. * * * "Here is a mighty opening in the earth, whose capacity in cubic feet must be measured by some mathematician not yet bom upon the earth, for the man does not live who can make the figures. Im- agine, if you can, all the armies of all the nations of the earth, marching in solid columns from op- posite sides of this appalling gorge to meet each other in battle array, unconscious of the existence of this spot until too late to save themselves from being swallowed up in its abysmal depths; imagine all these vast bodies of men, with all the guns, all the horses — infantry, cavalry, artillery, sappers, miners, and pontoniers — all the transportation trains, and all the impedimenta of an army, together with all the buildings of all the cities of the world — imagine all this vast aggregation of men and material thrown into this immeasurable abyss, and the Grand Canyon would still remain unfilled for its entire length, and the Colorado River would continue to flow unintercepted on its reckless course to the sea. In its measureless, crttel, insatiable maw, all would be swallowed up." The third is from J. C. Martin: " No poet's tale of joy or sorrow, love or death, casts its witchery over the picture; these silent mountain peaks and deep impenetrable canj'ons are associated with no heroic action, no sublime despair. The Canyon stands out before you in its simple majesty; its wonderful beauty, vast dimensions, and untold ancientness appealing only to your aesthetic sense All the colors of the rainbow combine to make a panoramic picture, fifty miles long, of vast forms, in which all known styles of human architecture are blended in profuse and chaotic magnificence — Ionic, Corinthian, and Doric pillars, a wilderness of pyramids, towers, and temples, pinnacles, spires, domes and Egyptian obelisks — a chaos of rock in all conceivable shapes. "Its chaotic immensity utterly bewilders the senses, and fills the soul to overflowing with awe and admiration for the marvellous achievements 50 OUR TRIP TO CALIFORNIA. of the God of Nature. Its matchless sublimity, divine grandeur, infinite beauty, are far beyond the comprehension of the finite mind. Man's capacities are too hmited to fully grasp and appreciate what is here unveiled. The man of letters is appalled as he gazes down into its depths. The artist re- lapses into despair as he views the numberless cliffs, pinnacles, spires, domes, obelisks, pagodas, and measureless amphitheatres, with all their wealth of coloring, the secret of whose blending is known only to the Creator. The geologist is amazed and delighted as he contemplates his surroundings, and he sees how the Stone Book of Nature has been opened for his delectation. "Never before has he been permitted to gaze on so much of the physical geology of the earth at one glance. Nowhere else can he find such an elaborate and exhaustive treatise on dynamics as in the Grand Canyon of the Colorado. More than six thousand feet of sedimentary formations are plainly visible at a single glance, representing periods of geological time that utterly defy mathematical calculation or human conception." The fourth is from C. A. Higgins: "An inferno, swathed in soft celestial fires; a whole chaotic under-world, just emptied of primeval floods and waiting for a new creative word; a boding, terrible thing, unflinchingly real, yet spectral as a dream, eluding all sense of perspective or dimension, outstretching the faculty of measure- ment, overlapping the confines of definite ap- prehension. The beholder is at first unimpressed by any detail; he is overwhelmed by the ensemble of a stupendous panorama, a thousand square miles in extent, that lies wholly beneath the eye, as if he stood upon a mountain peak in- stead of the level brink of a fearful chasm in the plateau whose opposite shore is thirteen miles away. A labyrinth of huge architectural forms, endlessly varied in design, fretted with ornamental devices, festooned with lace-like webs formed of talus from the upper cliffs and painted with every color known to the palette in pure trans- parent tones of marvelous delicacy. Never was picture more harmonious, never flower more ex- qtiisitely beautiful. It flashes instant communi- cation of all that architecture and painting and music for a thousand years have gropingh' striven to express. It is the soul of Michael Angclo and of Beethoven." One of the chapters in the book to which we have just referred is entitled "Religious and Other Impressions in the Grand Canyon." From this one extract must be made. "As one listens to the teachings of the geologists in regard to the fonnation of the Canyon, the mil- lions and millions of years that undoubtedly have elapsed since its foundations were laid, the mil- lions that have rolled away to allow ten thousand feet of non-conformable strata to be deposited, elevated, tilted, washed away; the depression of the Canyon surface again for the depositing of Devonian, Lower Carboniferous, Upper Carbon- iferous, Permian, Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous; the formation of the vast Eoctne Lake and its total disappearance; the opening of the earth's crust and the venting from its angry stomach the foul lavas that blacken portions of its area — the mind reels and whirls and grows dizzy in a vain attempt to comprehend the magnitude of such periods of time, and when reason can assert itself it is to feel the truth of the Hebrew Apostle's words: 'One day- is with the Lord as a thousand years, a thousand years as one day.' "The 'American style of architecture' is not yet bom, yet I am satisfied the time and the master architect will come, And when he does come, it is in this Grand Canyon that he will gain his inspiration. From the varied, marvelous, and sublime of the thousands of miles of canyon, a sj-s- tem of architecture will be created quite as original and national as Persia and Egypt borrowed from their sandstone ledges, or the inhabitants of the North of Europe found in the primeval forests of the fir and pine. "Then who can gaze upon this weird and won- drous beauty and not feel that God must love beauty for its own sake? The idea that everything is formed solely as a background upon which to dis- play the development of man takes powerful grasp upon us when we yield ourselves to the per- suasive eloquence of Browning, but a voice louder and more forceful than the great English master's peals forth in one's own soul when he gazes upon God's great work here, and he feels instincti\"ely that the Almighty God made this glorious grandeur centuries of centuries before man ever could sec it in order that He, personally, might enjoy its beauty. "Just as the garments of Aaron the priest were to be made "for glory and for beauty,' so do I think this great Canyon was made as a revelation to man that God loves to make things solely for 'Glory and Beauty.' "Then its solitude! Ah, w-ho but those who know and love the solitude that shuts out the fever of life; the fretful nervousness that contact with man produces; the rush of busy streets; the coldheartedness. selfishness, indifference, and apath> to others' woes that one must see in great popula- tion centres — who btit he can tell the deli.ght of this gracious, healing, restful solitude, where, how- The R(. Rev. William Bacon Stevens, ;D. D.. Fourth Bishop of Pennsylvania. The Rev. William B. Bodine, D. D., Rector of the Church of the Saviour. OUR TRIP TO CALIFORNIA. 53 ever, one is never alone? For there is an abiding sense of the brooding presence of the Almighty, all- powerful, all-loving, all-merciful, that soothes and hushes and quiets the distressed and wounded soul, so that a normal equilibrium is gained and strength restored to return to one's place, manfully to fight one's true battles with the world, the flesh and the devil. To ine this Canyon is the Holy of Holies, the Inner Temple, where each man inay be his own High Priest, open the sacred veil, and stand face to face with the Divine. And he who can thus talk with God may not show it to his fellows, but he knows within himself the new power, calmness, and equanimity which he has gained ; and he returns to life's struggles, thankful for his glimpses of the Divine. "And yet what words can tell how utterly in- significant man must feel himself to be when he finds himself in the depths of this great gorge, solitary and alone, and finds not this Divine presence! He may be a king on his throne; a despotic ruler in his office; a monarch in his store; a tyrant in his work- shop; but here he is so dwarfed, made so small, that, if he have any soul at all, he is humbled and made reverent at this marvelous manifestation of superior power, might, and greatness. " But it is only to suggest a few of the impressions aroused by these scenes that this chapter is inserted as a fitting conclusion to my book. "I never take a mental view of the great river flowing from the high snowy mountains of Utah, Wyoming, and Colorado to the great Pacific through the Gulf of California, that I do not feel how like to man's life it is. Watch it from its soiirce to its mouth. It has its rise in the pure white, unsullied snow of the mountains, it flows on, gathering strength and power as it progresses; it passes through Flaming Gorge, where everything is bright and bril- liant. There is the excitement of the rapids, and the exhilarating feelings that come from dashing along at high speed, and the dangers are minified. Soon sweet and restful paths are entered, where gentle deer browse, and the 'forest aisles are filled with the music of birds, and the parks are decked with flowers.' "Then comes the Canyon of Desolation, with everything dreary, desolate, and forsaken. Bixt even here the Lighthouse Rock catches the rays of the sun and speaks of brightness beyond, which, indeed, is reached when farther progress is made, and Glen Canyon is entered. Marble Canyon with its rapids and dangers is passed, and then the waters enter the Granite Gorge of the Grand Canyon. Here jagged cruel rocks line the waterway, and there are places of deepest gloom where the sun never touches the water. Here are great water- falls, and then deep cuts through black and for- bidding lava. But on and on the water flows, enters Black Canyon, and finally emerges into the open, peaceful, gentle slopes of the desert, down and on, without effort, into the Gulf of California, soon to have all its individuality as a river lost in the vastness of the great Pacific Ocean. "Is not this a perfect type of man's life? He begins in the high mountains of innocency and child- hood. He progresses through places where every- thing is bright and brilliant, and passes in safety and exhilaration places in life where others perhaps have been wrecked. Then he enters the soothing parks and quiet pathways, gaining strength and courage for the canyons where rapids must.^ be run and disasters risked, and, happily, avoided. How joyously he welcomes open places and sunshine that follow, and how disgusted with the restraining influence of the 'bends' of life, and then how sad and forsaken when he is forced into the Canyon of Desolation! Friends have forsaken him, loved ones gone, perhaps even God seems to have left him to himself; but as he looks up, even here he sees the sun of grace shining upon the Lighthouse Rocks that raise their heads above the Canyon walls, and new hope, new faith, new encouragement are the result. "And alas! he, too, may have to contend with ' Dirty Devil ' streams flowing into his life, which will becloud and befoul the hitherto pure waters. But, as in the Colorado River, by and by the Bright Angel Creek, with full, clear, pellucid, re- freshing and purifying power, enters in "And so his life flows on, passing through canyons and rapids, dashing by the cruel, hungry granite and over dangerous waterfalls; but just as surely as the river flows on and enters the great Pacific, so will man enter into the unfathomable ocean of the heart of God." We began our Sundaj^ at the Grand Canyon with the reception of the Lord's Supper, or Holy Communion. The service was conducted by the Bishop of Georgia, in the parlor of the Bright Angel Hotel, which is one of the rooms of the old log cabin where lived "Buck" O'Neil, who, among the "Rough Riders," so gallantly dashed up the hill at San Juan, and fell in the struggle. Our thoughts, however, were not of war, but of peace, that peace "which passeth all understanding." Then came breakfast, and then the drinking in of seme of the glories of the Canyon until even- ing. After supper we again gathered in the parlor for a service of Evening Prayer, read by 54 OUR TRIP TO CALIFORXIA. the Rev. John H. Ely, of Cincinnati. It was a hearty, stirring and helpful service. The benediction was pronounced bv the Bishop of Ohio. The hotel is on the edge of the rim. It is said that the new and greatly enlarged hotel, which is soon to be built, if not already in pro- cess of construction, is to be placed further back among the trees. For those who tarrv long at the Canyon, that will be a gain. But for us, whose time was limited to three nights and two days, the constant presence of scenes of grandeur was very welcome. We chatted of the glories of God's handiwork and of the things of the Kingdom; we walked hither and yon, and so the day passed all too quicklv. The day at times was a misty one, and that helped to bring to us visions of wondrous beauty. Here is a description of a similar dav: "As the sun mounts, the curtain of mist suddenly breaks into cloud fleeces, and while you gaze these fleeces rise and dissipate, leaving the Canyon bare. At once around the bases of the lowest cliffs white puffs begin to appear, creating a scene of unparal- leled beauty as their dazzling cumuli swell and rise and their number multiplies, until once more thev overflow the rim. and it is as if you stood upon some land's end looking down upon a formless void. Then quickly comes the complete dissipation, and again the marshaling in the depths, the up- ward advance, the total suffusion and the speedv vanishing, repeated over and over imtil the wanu walls have expelled their saturation. "Long may the visitor loiter iipon the rim, powerless to shake loose from the charm, tirelessly intent upon the silent transformations until the sun is low in the West. Then the Canyon sinks into mysterious purple shadow, the far Shinamo Altar is tipped with a golden ray, and against a leaden horizon the long line of the Echo Cliffs reflects a soft brilliance of indescribable beautv, a light that, elsewhere, surely never was on sea or land. Then darkness falls, and should there be a moon, the scene in part revives in silver light, a thousand spectral forms projected from inscrutable gloom: dreams of mountains, as in their sleep they brood on things eternal." On Sunday afternoon an immense and almost inconceivably brilliant rainbow was seen over across the mighty chasm. In an Eastern State, so far as our knowledge goes, no such rainbow has ever appeared. Taken alone, it would have been a marvel of mag- nificent splendor; with such surroundings it was ineffably glorious, indescribably sublime. On Monday morning we drove to different points along the rim of the Canyon, for differ- ing views; and in the afternoon some of us walked part way down the Bright Angel Trail, and back again. To go all the way down and up, on horseback or on foot, requires an entire day. Our time seemed too limited for that, but others took the time, most of them riding, but some of them walking. Two of the latter were one of our Bishops and his son ; the Bishop came back with the announce- ment that he had encountered and killed a rattlesnake; he is big enough to have done it, he is besides absolutely truthful as well as courageous. This same Bishop was ap- proached just outside Trinity Church, San Francisco, by a policeman who grasped his hand, and said to him, "I have never before, in my whole life, seen such a fine-looking body of men as those attending this Episcopal Convention;" and then added, looking down and up, along his six feet four inches of stat- ure, "I can't help thinking what a magnifi- cent man you would have been on the force." Some call him "Texas George." One of the guides said that he believed his name to be "King Solomon." Perhaps it ought to be said just here that knowledge concerning this Grand Canyon in Arizona is of comparatively recent date. The Colorado River, which sweeps through it, is two thousand miles in length ; the area which it drains is simply immense. Portions of the Canyon were visited by the Spaniards in 1540, but there was then nothing approaching ex- ploration. As :\Ir. George Wharton James puts it: "It was left to the imtiring energy, persistent zeal, and scientific instincts of Major J. AV. Powell to accomplish the impossible; for Indians, miners, prospectors, cowboys, Spanish explorers, and United States Government officers were a unit in saying that it was a practical impossibility to St. Cecilia. 56 OUR TRIP TO CALIFORNIA. ride down the Colorado River from its source to its inouth." " On the 24th of May, 1869, the party left Green River City, the prows of the boats turned to flow with the swift current into the unknown dangers and wonders ahead. Three of the boats were of oak and one of pine — each divided into compartments, some of which were watertight to make the boats buoyant. They were loaded with rations deemed sufficient to last ten months — clothing, ammu- nition, tools, and all necessary scientific instru- ments. "Major Powell's report is eloquent and vivid, and the daily diary of this band of brave explorers is as fascinating and thrilling as any work of imagi- nation ever written." Here is one brief extract : "The river is very deep, the Canyon very narrow, and still obstructed, so that there is no steady flow of the stream; but the waters wheel, and roll, and boil, and we are scarcely able to determine where we can go. Now, the boat is carried to the right, perhaps close to the wall; again she is shot into the stream, and perhaps is dragged over to the other side, where, caught in a whirlpool, she spins about. We can neither land nor run as we please. The boats are entirely unmanageable; no order in their running can be preserved; now one, now another, is ahead, each crew laboring for its own preservation. In such a place we come to another rapid. Two of the boats run it perforce. One succeeds in land- ing, but there is no foothold by which to make a portage, and she is pushed out again into the stream. The next minute a great reflex wave fills the open compartment. She is water-logged, and drifts unmanageable. Breaker after breaker runs over her, and one capsizes her. The men are thrown out; but they cling to the boat, and she drifts down some distance, alongside of us, and we are able to catch her. She is soon bailed out, and the men are aboard once more. "One more day, and we come to a beautifully clear stream which we name Bright Angel Creek. This is nearly opposite the Bright Angel Trail." On Tuesday morning, October 29th, we reluctantly said good-bye to our wonder of wonders. At Williams we caught the "Cali- fornia Limited," the favorite train running between San Francisco and Chicago. Our seats had been reserved, so we were soon speeding along in ease and comfort. We should have gladly stopped to see the cliff dwellings and the petrified forests and other wonders along the Santa Fe route, but our allotted time was up. We passed Albuquer- que in the night, Las Vegas in the early dawn, and so moved on toward La Junta; there some of our fellow-travellers left us, that they might see Colorado Springs, Manitou and Denver, but most of us sped on. We reached Chicago on the afternoon of Thursday, and Buffalo on Friday morning. One of the most inter- esting and charming of our companions had been the Rev. Dr. Brainard, of Auburn, New York; we parted with him reluctantly. A drive about Buffalo and another visit to Niag- ara Falls filled up the da}^ On Saturday morn- ing we reached home, thankful for the delights which had been ours all through our journey, and singing more heartily than ever before. "Our God, we thank Thee, Who hast made The earth so bright ; So full of splendor and of joy, Beauty and light ; So many glorious things are here. Noble and right. " We thank Thee too, that thou hast made Joy to abound ; So many gentle thoughts and deeds Circling us round. That in the darkest spot of earth Some love is found." I ^THE= REAL ESTATE TRUST COMPANY Paid Capital, OF PHILADELPHIA $1 ,500,090 Surplus and Profits, $1 ,200,000 Incorporated, August, 1SS5 FRANK K. HIPPLE President GEORGE PHILLER Vice-President WILLIAM F. NORTH Treasurer WILLIAM R. PHILLER Secretary THOMAS B. PROSSER Real Estate Officer ROBERT D. GHRISKEY Cashier M. S. COLLINGWOOD Assistant Treasurer ROLAND L. TAYLOR Assistant Secretary jQircctors Frank K. Hippie George Philler R. Dale Benson Charles W. Henry Joseph De F. Junkin John F. Betz William W. Porter John H. Converse Edward P Borden William A. Patton S.Weir Mitchell, M.D. Samuel F. Houston Corner Chestnut and Broad Streets PHILADELPHIA > atnilton STrxt^i QTomp^n^ OttiCCVB D. F. Shull, President James Brannen, Vice-President Wm. H. Schemes, Secretary and Treasurer ROBT. J. Wright, Title and Real Estate Officer CAPITAL. $125,000 Bircctovs Jmoh Beiswauger, Beiawanger Bros. Jus. Brauncii, Horn iV BraiitU'D Mtg. Co. J. L. Eldredjjt', Penna. Pilot Assa. Wm. Gihbons, Jentler Jos. H. Hint's. John Hiiies Knaniel Dial Works .lu» P. Hughes, Jiio. S(. Hughes' Sons Wm. H. Schembs. TrL-a-iiirer D. F. Shull, D. F. Shull & Co. Thos. C. Sloan, Contracior Waller Willard. Attorui-v nl Law Robert J. Wright, Atluruev at Lan* 3936-393S JlU-n-het S'trcre.t, |^l?iUi&elpl?Jtx Check Account. I^^ceive deposits subject to check, and allow interest at the rate of two per '- cent on daily balances. SBVinOS Fund DspBftment. R^o"'^'' savings Bank Book furnished and interest paid at the — — 1 rate of 3 per cent per annum, subject to ten days' notice. ME do a regular trust company business — acting as trustee, registrar, transfer and fiscal agent for corporations, and as executor, administrator, trustee under wills, guardian and receiver; also, take full charge of real and personal estates, receiving deposits subject to check, and allow interest at the rate of 2 per cent on daily balances. S/IFE DEPOSIT VAULTS. REAL. ESTATE DEPARTMENT. The Conley Foil Company MANUFACTURERS OF PLAIN, FANCY, PRINTED AND ELECTROTYPE Tin Foil -*-H H-*- ^21 TO ^41 West Twenty-fifth Street ...New York <; (X a z < o z m Tiffany Studios MEMORIAL WINDOWS, TABLETS, MOSAICS, AND ALL FORMS OF CHURCH DECORATION AND FURNISHINGS /VPkUR products are characterized by individuality in design \ZJ/ and exactness in execution. They are designed and wrought in our own studios and workshops, under the per- sonal supervision of Mr. Louis C. Tiffany, the Art Director of the Studios. .'. .'. .'. .■. We use in our Windows and Mosaics, Favrile Glass, a material embracing the higliest developments in glass-making. It is made at our own furnaces, is used exclusively by us, and cannot be made or used by others. WE INVITE ALL INTERESTED TO CALL AT OUR STUDIOS, OR TO CORRESPOND WITH US. .-. .'. .-. 331-341 Fourth Avenue NEW YORK o m H o o A study of the lasting qualities of pnper was recently undertaken by a committee of the London Society of Arts, and it revealed the fact that the present-day papers with wood fibre as a basis are very short lived, owing to deterioration. Many higher-priced papers, it was found, on account of the chemicals use 1 in their manufacture, are even shorter lived, the qualities tending to longevity having been sacrificed to appearance. The report of this committee is to the effect that one hundred years hence all newspapers and magazines will have rotted away and that the only books that are sure of preservation are such limited editions as are fortunately printed on Japanese yeltum. The great lasting propertv oi Japauesi Vellum is not its only recommendation, however, for owing to its quality and composition it is the handsomest and most artistic paper made for use in fine editions of anv kind that are designed to last. The Japan Paper Company, of 36 East Twenty-first Street, New York, are the largest importers and dealers in Japanese Paper in the country, and make a specialty of supplying publijhers of limited and private editions, art works, etc.. with the finest papers adapted to these uses. The Japan Paper Company are also the sole representatives in America of the Imperial IV\ill of the Japanese Govern- ment, known as " Insetsu Kioku," which supplies all the paper used for the Japanese Government bonds, currency, other public documents, and which can b; had only in limited quantities. For document^', which it is important shall last, as well as for those in which it is desirous that no alterations be made, this paper is invaluatle, as after writing or printing upon it, no erasures can be made. It will stand all manner of handling and wear as no other paper will. Many banks, trust companies and other financial institutions use this paper for their statements, reports, prospectuses, and in fact, whenever a handsome and artistic circular is desired that will attract attention by its elegance and good taste. This Company also carry a stock of genuine Parchment of the best quality selected skins from the largest manufacturers in England, in a variety of sizes, suitable for proof etchings, diplomas, and fine art printing ; also some beautiful hand-made papers from the famous Arches Mill, established in 1498 at Arches, France, for which thev are the sole agents in America. A simple book, embracing all the lines, has been issued by the Company, and will be sent upon request to those interested. C.W. H. Carter Established 1865 O. G. CARTER. M.inager 10-12 VANDEWATER STREET NEW YORK, U.S.A. Headquarters for EVERYTHING L\ THE WAY OF \ /arnishes ^ Oils and Dryers Used in the Manufacture op All Kinds AND Grades of Printing Inks a.vd FOR EVERY SYSTEM OF :::::: PRINTING :::::: THE GRAND CANYON FROM CVCLORAMA POINT. THE GRAND CANYON GOING DOWN THE TRAIL. THIS Beautiful Publication IS THE PRODUCT OF THE Afatl printing (Enmpang OF THE CITY OF PHILADELPHIA THE GRAND CANYON THE MESA AT ITS UPPER END. THE i;RAND rAN\wv -Rl/ixs OF THE OLD CLIFF DWI The Church of the Saviour. CKa.rles Marquedent Burns Charles Marquedent Burns, the architect wlio designed the Church of the Saviour, which was recently destroyed by fire, and who is also the architect for the new edifice of the Church of the Saviour, was l;iorn in this city and educated here, entering the University of Pennsylvania after leaving school. He did not graduate, as he desired to leave to pursue his architectural studies with John W. Frazer, Fred C. Withers, of New York, and John W. Gries, of this city. For three years Mr. Burns saw very active service in the War of the Rebellion, in the United States Xavy, and he subsequently entered the Engineering Department of the Reading Railroad Company. About 1868 he commenced the practice of the profession as architect, in the city of Philadelphia, subsequently spending quite long periods in Italy and France, studying the architecture of those countries. He is pre-eminently successful as a church architect, and since 1876 his studio and offices have been at 717 Walnut Street. Among the churches which he has designed are the following : The Church of the Redeemer, Bryn Mawr; St. Barnabas', Reading; The Church of the Advocate, Philadelphia; St. John's, Roanoke, Virginia; St. Augusta Cathedral, Sioux Falls, Dakota; Grace Church, Mt. Airy; Calvary, Conshohockcn ; The Church of the Ascension, Philadelphia; The Church of the Redeemer, Sayre. Pennsylvania ; St. Peter's Church, Salisbury, Maryland ; St. Stephen's, McKeesport: St. John's, Norristown; St. Philip's. Philadelphia; The Church of the Nativity, South Bethlehem; and St. Stephen's Church, Wilkesbarre. ALONG THE SAN FRANCISCO MOUNTAINS. IN THE GRAND CANYON ALONG Till: i iM.nRADO RIVER. ^ Why don't you \ Do Business with Model Parlor Boarding Stable Special Attention paid to Boarding Horses D. E. BELLEW Successor to E. M. Vasey 3712-14 Market Street, West Philadelphia For Hire by the Hour, Day or Month. Coupes, Carriages, Runabouts, etc. Latest Styles. Prices no higher than you'd pay for Cheap Hacks. All coachmen in full livery. THE FINEST PRIVATE LIVERY EQUIPAGE PHONE S003. A.B.ANSBACHER&CO. DRY AND PULP COLOR MANUFACTURERS 4 Murray Street NEM^ YORK ESTABLISHED 1858 Ashers Natatorium AND PHYSICAL INSTITUTE FOR Children, Ladies and Gentlemen Broad Street, below Walnut Street PHONE 3-34-21 A change of Filtered Water is constantly taking place, so that the whole volume is changed every few hours. An even, com- fortable temperature i- maintained by the use of a large locomotive boiler. Instruction Given at All Hours of tlie Day and Evening PRIVATE INSTRUCTION BY SPECIftL ARRANGEMENT S '" (^vhn of lEfarumg f ray^r WITH SELECTIONS OF PSALMS, POINTED FOR CHANTING, AND ONE HUNDRED SELECTED FROM THE HYMNAL (Large Type) 56 pages, bi*! X 10 inches Specially suited for those not familiar with the Book of Common Prayer. As used at the Night Services of the Church of the Sa\'iour, Philadelphia. SAMPLE COPY Sent on application to Charles H. Clarke, 3943 Market Street, Philadelphia, on receipt of ten cents in stamps. In lots of one hundred or more, $15.00 per hundred, including the printing of the name of the Church on front page of cover. * * * SOME THOUGHTS CONCERNING THE GREAT MATTER OF Giving Money to God 1. A Lost Act of Worship. — By the Rt. Rev. Hugh Miller Thompson, D.D., LL.D. 2. Some Presbyterian Testimony. 3. Why We Should Give, with Some Examples of Benevolence. — By the Rev. William B. Bodixe, D. D. 4. The Conclusion of the Whole Matter. — Bv the Rev. Thomas Binney, D. D. 16 pages and cover — size 3 '4 x 5 '-4 inches. Will be furnished in lots of one hundred or upwards at $2.00 per. hundred. Sample copy sent on receipt of five cents in stamps, to Charles H. Clarke 3943 Market Street, Philadelphia, Pa. liiL Grand Caxvox uf the Colukadl Interesting to Church Organizations ON THE NINETEENTH OF JUNE THE STEAMER " REPUBLIC " WILL BEGIN ITS POPULAR TRIPS TO Cape May From the wharf at the foot of Chestnut Street. During the last three years, in which the boat has been so splendidly managed by Captain L. H. Cone, and the well-known business men of this city who are his associates, it has been more popular than ever with the best class of summer pleasure- seekers, and especially with church organizations. The delights of the trip down the river and the bay, to Cape May and return, are so well known that they need in this place only a reference. The " Republic " has no rival as a means for a grand one-day's outing during the torrid season. Many Societies, Sundev-v Schools and Churches during the past three years have enjoyed these trips, arranging beforehand with Captain Cone, at the Company's offices, No. 616 Drexel Building, for the dates when they desire to go. With such organizations the trips are profitable as well as pleasurable, for the management of the " Republic " allows a profit, ranging from twenty to forty per cent, to all organizations making arrangements for these excursions, when more than one hundred passengers go. The regular fare is $1.00, and organizations taking from one hundred to one hundred and fifty people receive their tickets for eighty cents apiece The profit to the organizations increases with each fifry persons additional, and for five hundred and over the tickets are furnished by the steamer for sixty cents apiece. Inquiries will have Prompt Attention MacCalla ^ Co- IncorporaLted Always associate this name with publications for pirochial use which are becoming more and more popular. Let us mail you our Church Catalogue— small but suggestive— a sort of desk companion, containing the Calendar for 1902 (ecclesiastical)^full of helpful hints, and you will be convinced that MacCalla & Co. Incorporated can serve you in ways which are wise and worth your while to consider. 237 Dock Street This is an historic street, leading up to the fina'icial centre of our city. Since 1821 our building has stood midway between those historic Parishes— old Christ Church on the north and old St. Peter's on the south— a sort of Episcopal environment. As printers for the Diocese of Pennsylvania, Episcopal Hospital and the Divinity School we hope to merit your correspondence concerning any parochial need you may have. PhilsLdelphiSL The city of the great Bishop White, who adopted as the corporate seal of the Diocese the words which caused William Penn to name our city (Hebrews 13, i). The city from which went forth to the various Parishes of the American Church over ninety-nine thousand special offering envelopes— from MacCalla & Co.— in which the offerings of the faithful were presented on Easter Day, 1902. Who can estimate the amount of money which these envelopes enclosed ? This is only one of our many specialties. Let us send you our booklet mentioned above, and acquaint yourself with the others. Please mention this advertisement in your correspondence. City Hall. Broad and Market Streets. APPENDIX AND SOME OF ITS WELL-KNOWN MEN This little publication was written, and is republished, that the story of a remarkable journey may be preserved. As it is printed in Philadelphia, it has been thought proper to add an appen- dix, with some pictures of buildings and scenery that have helped to make the Quaker City famous, and brief sketches of some of its well-known men, active in business, in professional pursuits, or in public life, most of whom have been interested in the success of this " Souvenir." PUBLISHED BY CHARLES H. CLARKE Philadelphia philacdelphieL RICH IN HISTORIC ASSOCIATIONS HILADELPHIA is one of the oldest, and to many persons is the most interesting, historically, of any city in the United States, and has preserved many of its historic landmarks. The city was founded in 1 68 1 by William Penn, and his original residence is still preserved, having been removed to Fairmount Park. The " Old Swedes" was the first church built in Pennsylvania, in 1700. Christ Church was built in 1727. The spot where Penn made his celebrated treaty with the Indians is preserved as a park. In Carpenters' Hall, the first Continental Congress met in 1774. In Independence Hall the Declaration of Independence was read, and in this building is still preserved the bell which was rung on that occasion, known all over the land as the •■ Liberty Bell." In Philadelphia are preserved the Betsy Ross house, where the first United States " Stars and Stripes ' flag was made ; the residences of Alexander Hamilton, Secretary of State under Washington ; Benedict Arnold ; Robert Morris, the financier of the Revolution ; Judge Peters, the Secretary of War of the Colonies during that struggle : also the Mint, and Custom House, still used as such : and grave of Benjamin Franklin. Besides being the earliest seat of government of the United States and the centre of interest during the colonial and revolutionary periods, Philadelphia was the most loyal and patriotic of any of the large cities of the country during the war of 1861-65. Philadelphia has been the birthplace of many notable events in the history of the United States ; a few of them : The first pleasure grounds for the people, laid out in North America, dedicated in 1681. The first paper mill built in North America, erected upon the Wissahickon Creek, 1690. The mariners' quadrant was invented by Thomas Godfrey. Germantown, Philadelphia. 1730. The first public library in the United States, founded by Benjamin Franklin. 1731. The first American volunteer fire company was organized here in 1736. The American Philosophical Institution, the first institution devoted to science in North America, was founded in this city by Benjamin Franklin, in 1743. The first medical school in the United States was inaugurated in Philadelphia, in 1751. The Pennsylvania Hospital, the first establishment in America devoted to the relief of the sick, was chartered by the Assembly of Pennsylvania, in 1751. The theory that lightning and electricity were the same was demonstrated here by Benjamin Franklin. June 15, 1752. First lightning rod used in the world was set up by Benjamin Franklin at his dwelling-house. Second and Race Streets, in September, 1752. The Philadelphia Contributionship for insurance against losses by fire, established here 1 752. The first expedition fitted out in North America for Arctic exploration sailed from here, 1 753. The first school of anatomy in North America was opened here, November 26, 1762. The first pianoforte manufactured in the United States, made here by John Behrent, 1775. The first American flag was made at No. 239 Arch Street. The first Hospital in connection with a university in the United States was opened here. The first vessel moved by steam was navigated on the Delaware River at Philadelphia. The first law -school in America opened here in 1790. The Mint of the United States was established here in 1792, by act of Congress. The first coins made in the United States were struck at No. 29 North Seventh Street. Philadelphia Water Works, the first of the kind in the country, commenced May 2, 1799. Because Philadelphia is so rich in historic interest and relics, it must not be imagined that it is not also rich in present-day interest. It has the largest ship-building plant in the United States, the largest and finest United States Mint, the largest and handsomest City Buildings, the largest department store in the world, the largest locomotive shops in the world, finest park in the world, longest paved street in the United States, and other modern features. Mahlon N. Klini:, Treasurer and General Alanager of The Smith, Kline & French Company, Arch street, below Fifth street, which is one of the largest wholesale drug concerns in theUnited States, was born February 6, 1846, near Hamburg, Berks County, Pa. He was educated in the public schools near Hamburg, and had two years' experience as a pupil in a private school in Reading, Pa. When he was four- teen years old he came to this city, and attended public school here for six months, returning then to his home in Berks County, where he taught school for one year at a place three miles from Reading. For a year and a half he worked in a country store at Hamburg, and then returned to this city, to take a position as bookkeeper with the wholesale drug firm of Smith & Shoemaker, at 243 North Third street. This was on the fifteenth of February, 1865. Mr. Kline was admitted as a member of the firm in 1868. Mr. Shoemaker retired in 1869 and the name of the firm was changed to Smith, Kline 6c- Co. They continued in business until 1887, when they removed to 429 and 43: Arch street, where they have been located ever since, the concern also occupying No. 433 and 435 Arch street. In 1888 the firm was incorporated under the name of "The Smith & Kline Company." On the first of January, 1891, the business of the wholesale drug house of French, Richards & Co., was closed out, and Mr. Harry B. French entered the Smith & Kline Company, and was elected its vice-president, the name being changed to "The Smith, Kline & French Company." In volume the business is the third in its line in the United States. Mr. Mahlon N. Kline was president of the National Wholesale Druggists' Associa- tion in 1885, and was chairman of its most prominent and active committee for ten years, from 1887 to 1S97. He was president and for many years, a director, of the Philadelphia Drug Exchange. He has been since its organization a member of the Board of Directors of the Trades League. In January, 1902, he was elected second vice-president of that organization. He is also a member of the Board of Directors of the Bourse. Mr. Kline is a member of the Union League, a member of the Country Club, and the Manheim Cricket Club. He is accounting warden, and superintendent of the Sunday School, and director of the Chapter of the Brotherhood of St. Andrew of the Church of the Saviour. He is also president of the Local Assembly of the Brotherhood of St. Andrew, which includes all the seventy-six chapters in this diocese. Mr. Kline is also a member of the Board of Directors of the Franklin Reformatory Home. Mahlon N. Kline is recognized everywhere as one of the foremost business men of this city, and great as has been his success in mercantile life, what he has done, in fifty different ways, for the people of Philadelphia, shows better than anything else the great heart and the large intellectual force of the man. President Horace H. Lee, of the Philadelphia Stock Exchange, is one of the best known bankers in the State, and his firm have recently entered into possession of their new and handsome ofifices at 132 South Fourth street. For eighteen years Mr. Lee has been a member of the Philadelphia Stock Exchange, and in 1891 he was elected a member of the Board of Governors. As the choice of the President of the Stock Exchange represents, in the strongest way, the expression of confidence from the great financial interests, it was no ordinary honor that fell to Mr. Lee when he was this spring elected to this important position. He is a son of the late Dr. J. K. Lee, an eminent physician, and a resident of West Philadelphia, where ^Ir. Horace H. Lee still resides, in the old family mansion, at the Southwest corner of Thirty-eighth and Chestnut streets. After a preparatory course at Rugby Academy, Wr. Lee graduated at the L^niversity of Pennsylvania, in 1880. He is treasurer of the Hamilton Land & Improvement Company, a member of the Vestry of the Church of the Saviour, a member of the Union League, Phi Kappa Sigma Society, and the Houston Club. OxE of the best known real estate men in the city is Mr. John 0. She.\tz, who has been engaged in some of the largest and most important transactions in his line that have taken place in recent years in Philadelphia. He is a prominent resident of the Twenty- fourth Ward, and is very popular with the best citizens west of the Schuylkill River, where he has often been urged, by the business men, to permit his name to be mentioned for public positions. He received a good business education, and after leaving Easton, Pa., his native place, he came here, and was apprenticed to The Baldwin Locomotive Works on the recommendation of the late Asa Packer, then President of the Lehigh Valley R. R. Co., and Stanley H. Goodwin, the General Superintendent of the same railroad. Mr. Sheatz stayed with the Baldwin Locomotive Works for thirteen years in different departments. After leaving the Baldwin Company, he engaged in the retail coal business at Twenty-third and Spring Garden streets, and upon the re- moval of the tracks by the city for the improvement to the new entrance to the park, erected several buildings on the property, in one of which he has his real estate office. In addition to the above business, Mr. Sheatz is also Treasurer of The Frank Queen Publishing Company, of New York. Colonel Bosbyshell is a name that conjures pleasant and friendly thoughts to a host of Philadelphians and Pennsylvanians, for his dignified, yet gracious, personality yields to him the friend- ship of almost every man, woman and child with whom he comes in contact. At fifteen years of age he began the struggle of life as a messenger boy in the employ of the Philadelphia & Reading Telegraph Company at Poltsville, Pa. Two years later he entered the law office of Hon. F. W. Hughes, and at nineteen became a student of law in the office of his uncle, WilHam L. Whitney, Esq. The War of the RebelUon found Bosbyshell amongst the first to respond to President Lincoln's call for troops, enlisting on the sixteenth of April, 1861, and mustered into the U. S. Volunteer service as a private of the Washington Artillerists of Pottsville on the eighteenth, and reaching Washington City the same evening. He served humbly during the three months, and in September, 1861. became Second Lieutenant of Company G, Forty-eighth Regiment Infantry, Pennsylvania Volunteers, serving with that organization during the war, having repeatedly received assignments to various duties of honor and trust, and being promoted First Lieutenant and .Captain of his company, and made Major of his regiment. The operations of this regiment are graphically set forth in a book written and published by Colonel Bosbyshell, called "The Forty-eighth in the War," which has met with the warm approval not only of the members of the command, but many other readers. In November, 1889, by appointment of President Harrison, he assumed the superintend ency of the Mint, and admirably administered its affairs until April, 1894, when President Cleveland preferred another man for the place. During Colonel Bosbyshell's connection with the Mint ser- vice he introduced many improvements in the work, and he it was who projected and carried through to a successful conclusion the establishment of a new Mint building in this city. It is doubtful if there is a better informed and better qualified Mint man in the United States to-day than Colonel Bosbyshell. Immediately upon leaving the Mint the Colonel became active vice-president and subsequently treasurer of the Fidelity Mutual Life Association of Philadelphia, which latter position he still holds. Colonel Bosbyshell has been a busy man all his life, actively engaged in many ways for the welfare of the community. He has been particularly interested in the National Guard of Pennsyl- vania for many years, having been Major of the Second Regiment in December, 1878, promoted Lieutenant-Colonel and Colonel, serving in all positions with credit. In August. 1893, he resigned and was placed on the retired roll of officers. However, when the late war with Spain absorbed the National Guard, Colonel Bosbyshell was called again into the ranks of the National Guard, and by Governor Hastings' direction, organized the Nineteenth Regiment Infantry, N. G. P., becoming its colonel, a position he still holds. His interest has been largely given to church and Sunday School work, forty-five years of his life being actively engaged therein. But a few years ago he relinquished the superintendency of the Sunday School of the Church of the Saviour, West Philadelphia, after thirty years' connection with that school. He served as a Vestryman of the Church of the Saviour for many years, being its secretary most of the time he was connected therewith. His musical tastes led him to conduct a church choir for his church for many years, and he has been a member and supporter of the large chorus societies of "the city, having served as president of the Philadelphia Chorus in the palmiest days of that organization. He is a director of the Musical Fund Hall; chairman of the trustees of University Lodge, No. 610, F. and A. M.; companion of Pennsylvania Commandery, Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States; one of the founders of the Pennsylvania Society Sons of the Revolution; treasurer of the Pennsylvania Commandery of the Military Order of Foreign Wars; a member of the Union Leagtie, Historical Society and Old Guard of the Second Regiment, U. S. V. He is a past commander of the Department of Pennsylvania G. A. R., being a comrade in Post 2, of this citv. Dr. Edward Brooks, Superintendent of the Public Schools of Philadelphia, and the most efficient and distinguished man who has ever held that position, was born at Stonj^ Point, New York. When he was eighteen years old he taught school at Cuddebackville, New York, and a year later entered Liberty Normal Institute. After- wards he was made Professor in the University of Northern Pennsyl- vania, and later occupied the Chair of Literature and Mathematics in ;\Ionticello Academy, New York. In 1855 he became Professor of Mathematics at the Normal School of Millersville, Pa., and in 1866 was made President of that institution. In 1858 Union College conferred upon him thedegreeof A. ;\I. ; in 1868 he was elected president of the State Teachers' Association, and in 1876 he received the degree of Doctor of Philosophy from three prominent institutions, being also elected president of the Normal Department of the National Educational Association. In 1883 he came to Philadelphia, and in i8gi he was appointed to his present office. Under his direction there has been a steady progress and improvement in the public school system of this city, and Dr. Brooks is known, throughout this country and abroad, as one of the foremost educators of the times. He is an author of many of the most valuable educational works which have appeared during the last forty years, and these volumes are standards everywhere. Dr. Brooks is now Rector's Warden of St. Paul's Memorial Church, Overbrook. Henrv Ree\'es Edmunds, the distinguished lawyer, who has been a United States Commissioner in this city since April 4, 1883, was born here, January 17, 1840. His father was Franklin D. Edmunds, who was born at Cape May, New Jersey, in 1814, and died in 1859. His mother was Ann .Marshall Stanger, who was )oni in Marshallville, New Jersey, February 11, 1815, and died March 18, 1897. Henry R. Edmunds received his early education in the Philadel- phia public schools, graduating from the High School in July, 1856. After studying law, he was admitted to the Bar Januar}' 19, 1861. At that time he made a special study of Marine Law. For twenty-five years he repre- sented The Vessel Owners' and Captains' Association as counsel. During this period he won a number of notable cases for his clients, and became the accepted authority on those points of law dealing with Marine Legislation and controversy. He is now counsel for many of the leading steamship lines and Marine Insurance Companies of the country. He is married, and has four children, two sons and two daughters. Commissioner Edmunds is a director of the American Dredging Company, is inter- ested in many organizations of a charitable nature, and is president of the Board of Education of Philadelphia. He is one of the few men whose strength of character, integrity, knowledge of the law, and unflinching courage have won and held the implicit confidence of all classes in the community. Z 2 S S z ,5 o ii. z S C a Z Ul < 2 O s Q a > z 3 George D. McCreary, Vice-President of the Market Street National Bank, is one of the most prominent men in the city. The people believe in him implicitly, but they know only a little of his manifold charities, and his influence for good in a hundred different directions. He was born on the 28th of September, 1846, at York Springs \'illage, Adams County, Pennsylvania, and is the son of John B. McCreary and Rachel Deardorff. His early ancestors on his father's side were Scotch-Irish, and on his mother's side German-Baptists, who came to this country to escape religious persecution. In 1848 the family removed to Tremont, Schuylkill County; in 1856 to Tamauqua; in 1859 to Mauch Chunk, and in 1864 they finally settled in Philadelphia. From 1861 to 1864 George D. McCreary attended Saunders' Institute, in West Philadelphia, where the Presbyterian Hospital now stands, and in 1864 he entered the University of Phila- delphia. In 1867 he went into business with the Honeybrook Coal Company, of which his father was President. In 1870 he became a member of the new firm of Whitney, McCreary & Kemmerer, selling agents at wholesale in the coal business. They did a very large and successful business, and in 1879, when Mr. McCreary's father died, he sold out to take charge of his father's estate. He served for three years as Treas- urer of the City and County of Philadelphia. In 1S78 Mr. McCreary married a daughter of the late William Howell, a prominent wall j;)aper manufacturer, and he has two sons and two daughters. Franklin Spencer Edmonds, author of the " History of the Central High School of Philadelphia," was born in Philadelphia on March 28, 1874. He is the son of the late Henry R. Edmonds, who was prom- inent in insurance circles, and of Catharine Ann Huntzinger. He was educated at home until his tenth year, and then in the public schools. He was graduated in the High School with first honors, winning the Alumni Gold Medal and the Valedictory Oration. Having been awarded a City Scholarship at the Universit}^ of Pennsylvania, he at once entered the Junior Year in the Wharton School. After graduation from the University in 1893, he was appointed Assistant Secretary of the American Society for the Extension of Universitv Teaching, serving one year as an organizer of teachers' classes. In 1894 he was appointed Andrew D. White Fellow in History and Political Science at Cornell Universitv, where he spent one year in post-graduate study. At this time it was Mr. Edmonds' intention to finish his university training abroad, but the death of his father caused a change in the plans, and in 1895 he returned to Philadelphia to commence his service as a teacher at the Central High School. For two years he was Instructor in Historv, but in 1897 he was elected Assistant Professor of Political Science, and in the spring of 1902, he was promoted to a full professorship. Mr. Edmonds is now President of the Educational Club of this city. In conjunction with Professor George H . Cliff he aided in the establishment of The Teacher, an educa- tional journal, and served for two years as Chairman of the Board of Editors. He has written a number of educational articles, of which the most important is " Progress in Education During the 19th Century," which was originally written as a chapter for a larger work, and has since been reprinted in pamphlet form. He has been, since 1900, Master of Archives of the Associated Alumni of the Central High School. He is a member of American Historical Association, American Economic Association, Penn- sylvania Historical Society, American Statistical Society, American Academy of Political and Social Science, etc. He is a member of University Club, Schoolmen's Club, Franklin Institute Club, etc. He is actively engaged in Young Men's Christian Association work and is a member of Committee of Management of Central Branch. Hkxry Brooks was born in Yorkshire, England, near the town of Huddersfield. When very young he came to this country with his parents. He was educated in West Philadelphia, and when his 4^ -• I latlier, George Brooks, one of the most prominent manufacturers in ,\ I the country died, Henry Brooks assumed control of, and now oper- mg^j/I^^^^J ates the Oriental Wills. He is president of the Standard Fire Insur- ^R ^Kv ance Company, a proininent member of the Manufacturers' Club, ^^J^^ the Young Republican Club, and the Oriental Lodge of Masons_ and is Rector's Warden of St. James' Episcopal Church, West Philadelphia. He is serving his second term as Clerk of Quarter Sessions of this county. Mr. Brooks resides at 5300 Girard avenue. The house which he owns and occupies was one of the old Supplee residences. Mr. Brooks owns the entire square upon which his house stands. He is married, and has five sons and one daughter, the latter being married to Dr. Harvey, of West Philadelphia. His recreation is traveling, and sailing on the Jersey coast, where he spends his spare time in summer. He has made two trips to Europe, traveling through Great Britain, and in most of the countries on the continent. M.\r,iSTRATE J. M. R. Jer.mon, whose last election was such a triumphant vindication of the power of the people to choose their own aiblic officials, is the best known and probably the ablest member the minor judicial bench in this State. His integrity, his knowl- .Ige of the law, his immense popularity with the people, and his human sympathy, have combined to make him a man of prominence. He was bom in January, 1851, in the old District of Southwark. He was educated in private schools, and in the Episcopal Academy. In 1874 he was appointed a Notary PubHc, and in 1881 Indictment Clerk in the oftice of District Attorney Graham, holding the position with marked ability until Ai)ril ist, 1895, when he was first chosen Magistrate. He was re-elected to the minor judicial bench in the spring of 1901. He is an Odd Fellow, a member of the Knights of Pythias, and of other social and political organiza- tions. Under his influence children arrested for criminal offences have been kept separate from ordinary crimin^ils, and the way made clear for their reformation. Xo other magistrate is so well known to the men who stand strongest in business and financial affairs in this city. SOLITUDE. lu Zoological (Jardcits. (Home of Governor 'John Pcnn. built in i-jS^.) N TsJTWKm ■ ^ 'S.V OLD SWEDES CHURCH. Sivausorj Street, below Christian Street. {Built in jyoo.) Hon. Charles F, Warwick, ex-Mayor of this city, transacts one of the largest legal practices in the State at his offices in the Crozer Building, Chestnut street above Broad; and, in spite of this, he is able to appear as the principal orator at many important public gatherings in the various great cities of the country. His charm and force as a public speaker are still increasing. He was born in this city, educated in the public schools, graduated from the Law Department of the University of Pennsylvania, studied in the office of the late E. Spencer Miller, and was admitted to the Bar in 1873. His success was immediate. In 1878 he became an Assistant City Solicitor, then Assistant District Attorney under George S. Graham, and in 1884 was elected City Solicitor, the youngest man who ever attained that position here. He was repeatedly re-elected until 1895, when he was chosen Mayor of Philadelphia by a plurality of over 60,000 votes. During his administration as Mayor he received Li Hung Chang, he dedicated the magnificent Washington Monument in Fairmount Park, and under his administration Philadelphia made wonderful progress in every direction. Mr. Warwick is one of the most celebrated after-dinner speakers in the country, and is a member of many of the most exclusive clubs and social organizations in this and other cities. Richard B. Williams, Deputy-Surveyor of the Port of Philadel- phia, is descended from old Revolutionary stock; and, as a busi- ness man in this city, and as Assistant Commissioner of Highways has made a record for integrity, success and executive ability. When he was appointed Deputy Surveyor of the Port by Collector C. Wesley Thomas, he was warmly congratulated by hundreds of men prominent in financial and commercial affairs. The duties of his position as Deputy Surveyor are in the main advisory and comprehend the direction and control of the Customs force assigned for duty on arriving vessels and their cargoes, or on vessels clearing with bonded or draw-back merchandise. He assigns the proper complement of Customs Inspectors for duty on arriving vessels and acts as Surveyor's Staff Officer in the handling of passengers and supervising the examination of their effects. He assigns Inspectors for service in the discharging and delivery of cargoes of importing vessels and details the requisite number of weighers and gangers for ascertaining quantitv of merchandise thereon, dutiable by weight or gauge. Under the Surveyor's direction he determines the limits of the patrol of the District and Night Inspectors and makes the proper assignment of the same. He details laborers for the assistance of weighers and gaugers in the handling of merchandise for the ascertainment of the quantity. He is successfully reorganizing his important department of the service, and will bring it to a high and efficient standard. Thomas Dolax, President of The United Gas Improvement Com- pany, has not only made the great corporation of which he is the head a remarkably successful concern, but has made it popular in every one of the scores of cities where it operates and owns gas works. Before he became known as one of the most prominent financiers of the country, Mr. Dolan was one of the largest and most successful manufacturers in the United States. His reputation was established, at that time, as a man of integrity, infinite capacity for work, and the broadest executive skill. His is the spirit whicla has animated every move of the United Gas Improvement Company since he became its chief executive officer, and that spirit has been a determination to deal fairly with the consumers, and spare no expense, and no trouble, to meet their wants in the most minute particulars. This is good business, as well as the highest type of foresight, and to-day, wherever the United Gas Improvement Company operates, the people are more than satisfied with the service, which has in each case proved itself so much superior to the political direction of gas supplies. It would be impossible, in the limits of a short sketch like this, to adequately portray Thomas Dolan as he is, for he has all the qualities of courage, charm of manners, staunch friendship, and wonderful personal magnetism, that go to make up the char- acters of the great leaders in State and in finance. He is known in this city, by all the citizens, as a man whose word is absolutely true, who never breaks a promise, and who seeks every opportunity to benefit Philadelphia, and to render genuine services to his friends. Few men, anywhere, have so wholly the confidence and the esteem of the peo- ple; and one of the chief reasons of this is, that his great success, in all the numerous interests with which he is connected, has not changed those personal qualities which have always made him such an attractive figure. His position in the financial world, his wealth, and his high reputation in business circles evervwhere, important as these things are, are small in comparison with his own admirable personality. Robert J. Wright, Solicitor of the Hamilton Trust Company, which does a large business in the western section of the city, is one of the best known members of the Bar of Philadelphia, and has his law offices at No. iioS Land Title Building, Broad and Chestnut streets. .Mr. Wright's practice as an attorney has covered a great deal in corporation affairs, in large real estate transactions, and in estates, and he is not only known as a counsel of integrity, ability, and eloquence, but as a lawyer who has an unusual knowledge of everything relating to monetary affairs. He is one of the most popular men at the Bar in his city, and whenever he appears in a case in the County, Federal or State Courts, there is public interest in what he does and says. He has had charge of the settlement of some very large estates, and among those recently, which he has settled, are several amounting in value to hundreds of thousands of dollars. His practice is almost entirely civil. He is fond of books, much interested in public education, and has made a strong impression in public life, not only as a speaker, but as a ready debater. Old Christ Church. Secottd Street, above Market Street. {Built in 172J,) The Hon. Ebenezer Adams, who for twenty-five years was actively engaged in business in this city, and who devotes his atten- tion, largely, to the care of his extensive interests in real estate, is (jne of the best known and most respected men living in the western section of the city. He made an enviable record by his service for the Union in the War of the Rebellion. He served for one term in the Legislature at Harrisburg, during which period he was largely instrumental in securing heavy appropriations for many chari- table institutions in his district. Mr. Adams comes of a family which has taken a distinguished part in the annals of American History. A brief reference to a few members will serve to show their patriotism and courage. Ebenezer Adams, who was born March - 15, 1737, at Braintree, ilassachusetts, and who died in 1791, was among those who contributed in money and in other ways to aid the cause of American Independence. Ephraim Adams, who was born in 1712, and died in 1802, was a private in the War of the Revolution in the company of Captain Edmund Briant, in Colonel Daniel Mevie's regiment. This was a New Hampshire regiment, and marched to Saratoga. It also did service in Rhode Island. Ebenezer Adams, of Kingston, who was born in 1744, and died in 1830, served as a private in 1776 in the company of Captain Ebenezer Washburn, in the regiment of Colonel Thomas Lothrop. Ansel Adams, of Barnstable, Mass., was born in 1761 and died in 1849. He enlisted August 22, 1778, in Captain Matthias Tobey's company, serving three months and twenty-seven days at Winter Hill; also in Cap- tain Simeon Fisher's company, Colonel Freeman's regiment. Ebenezer Adams, who was born at Rhinebeck, N. Y., and who died January 31, 1846, at Red Hook, New York, served throughout the War of 1812 in the militia, and received wounds which made him lame for life. Coroner Tho.\ias Dugan was born in this city, September 29, 1849, and attended school at John Quincy Adams Grammar School. He was appointed Messenger in the Coroner's office by Coroner Thomas J. Powers, in Julv, 1880. In 1882 he was made Assistant Clerk under Coroner William S. Janney, and in 1S84 was promoted to Chief Clerk by Coroner Powers, who had then entered upon his second term as Coroner. Since Mr. Dugan was elected Coroner of Philadelphia, he has ably fulfilled the semi-judicial duties of that office. He has taken a great interest in the medical side of his division of the local government. The discipline and efTectiveness of the Physician's work under Mr. Dugan has been remarked in The Coroner's physicians of Philadelphia are called as experts in many cities. the courts of manv'states. William W. P'oulkrod was born in Philadelphia, November 22, 1846. He was educated in the public schools and entered the business world under the tutelage of Mustin & Bennett. He soon became a member of the firm of T. J. Mustin & Co. This was later absorbed by John Wanamaker, and thus these two giants of the business ' world came together. Mr. Wanamaker purchased Hood, Bonbright & Co., which was succeeded by Hood, Foulkrod & Co., in which Mr. Wanamaker held a special interest until the firm went out of business about a year ago. Not only is Mr. Foulkrod active in permanent municipal associations, but he was the directing head of the great Export Exposition. He is President of the Art Club, Historical Society and the Citizen's Permanent Relief Societv. He is President of the Trades League. Hon. Maxwell Stevenson, who has been one of the most dis- tinguished leaders of the Philadelphia Bar for many years, and who is one of the most popular men in the city in legal and financial circles, has been largely interested, during the past two or three years, in important mining enterprises in British Columbia. Judge Stevenson has not handled these great undertakings as a speculator, but simply as a business man, and the large and valuable properties which he controls in the Black Diamond Tunnel Company, and in the Highlander properties, are said to be wonderfully rich in high-grade precious ores. These corporations control several different mines, paying properties, the development of which is being largely increased. The eastern offices of these corporations are at No. 604 Land Title Building, Broad and Chestnut streets. As a lawyer. Judge Stevenson is one of the best-known and most successful at the Bar. He has appeared in many of the most noted homicide cases in this part of the state during the past twenty-five years. Harry A. Mackey, is a leading member of the Junior Bar of Philadelphia. His strong personality, his extended and accurate knowledge of the law, his power of seizing and using to advan- tage every opportunity that presents itself while he is conducting a case, have marked him as a brilliant attorney. Harry A. Mackey was born on June 26th, 1869, in Susquehanna County, in this State. His father, George W. Mackey, Esq., is a prominent member of the Northampton County Bar. After finishing his scholastic and collegiate education, at the University of Pennsyl- vania, during which he secured many prizes, and took high honors, Mr. Mackey studied law in the offices of Hon. W. W. Porter, now Justice of the Superior Court. He afterwards was a partner and practiced law with ex-Judge James Gay Gordon, one of the most brilliant men of the Philadelphia Bar. Mr. Mackey" is a Mason, a member of the Atlantic City Country Club, the Theta Nu Epsilon fraternity, the ex-archon. First District ; Phi Kappa Psi fraternity, Philadelphia Law Association. He has an extensive acquaintance and a large circle of business and social friends. Mr. Mackey now owns a valuable slate property in which he, when a boy, worked for a mere pittance, and in connection with his father he owns other extensive interests in the slate regions. Dr. William P. Wilsox, Director of the Philadelphia Commercial Museum, was educated at the Agricultural College of Michigan and at Harvard University, where he was afterwards Instructor in Botany for several years. He also spent several years in the Univer- sities of Germany and Italy, receiving the degree of Doctor of Natural Sciences from the University of Tiibingen. In 1893 he conceived the idea of founding a Commercial Museum with the raw products exhibited by different nations at the World's Fair, at Chicago. He secured the authority of the city of Philadelphia, and succeeded in having donated to the proposed museum the large collections exhibited by nearly every country, especially the Spanish- American countries. The Philadelphia Commercial Museum is due to him and his constant labor and activity. He was born in Oxford, Oakland County, in the northern part of ;\Iichigan, in 1844. His earlv life was spent in farming. At a later date he entered a large plant in the West for the manufacture of agricultural implements and machinerv. After taking his Harvard degree he spent some time in studying in the Univer- sities of G()ttingen, Berlin, the University of Naples and later the University of Tiibingen. Later he settled in Philadelphia as Professor of Botany in the Universitv of Pennsylvania, and he was also director of the Department of Biology. He has visited Europe a number of times, the last time to make a thorough study of commercial organizations, bureaus and commercial museums in the different countries of Europe, including Belgium, France, Germany, Switzerland and Italy. He is the life and inspiration of the great Commercial Museum in this city. P. F. RoTHERMEL, Jr., was born in September, 1850, in Philadelphia, where he has resided ever since. His father was the distinguished artist, P. F. Rothermel. He was educated both in this country and abroad, and soon after his admission to the bar made his mark as a brilliant and suc- cessful lawver. His record as District Attorney was in every way an ideal one. He has managed some of the most important corporation cases before the courts of the State in the past twenty years, and has been defeated in very few of them. His knowledge of mercantile law is exceeded by few, if any, members of the Philadelphia bar. Mr. Rothermel has at least twice refused offers of appointment to the Common Pleas Court Judgeship. His election to the District Attorneyship by a handsome majority, even in the face of a particularly strong combination seeking to elect United States Attorney James M. Beck, was to have been expected. And thus the new District Attorney stepped from the seclusion of his private practice into the full glare of a searchlight of publicity. Fidelity to his clients has been the guidingrule of Mr. Rothemiel's professional life. Twenty years ago he married Miss Josephine Bryant, the daughter of the wealthy coal operator, and has one son, a young man of nineteen. Alexander Crow, Jr., Accounting Warden of the Protestant Episcopal Church of the Redemption, at Twenty-second and Callowhill streets, was born and educated in this city, where his parents Hved for many years. His father, before him, was Account- ing Warden of the Church of the Redemption, and Alexander Crow, Jr., has been a delegate to many of the conventions of the Protestant Episcopal Church in this Diocese. He has long been a prominent figure in business and public life, being the owner of some of the largest and busiest mills in the city. He is a member of the Union League, an organization that represents in its membership the leading financial, mercantile, and professional interests in this city. During his term as Sheriff of Philadelphia County, Mr. Crow conducted that im- portant office upon a high plane of honor and efficiency, and widened the circle of friends who have supported him in everything that he has attempted of a public na- ture. He has been identified for years with all the important movements for the benefit of the city and of the State, and he is recognized as a leading citizen. Personally he is very popular, and is well-known in New York, and in other Eastern cities, which he is often compelled to visit on account of his large mer- cantile and financial interests. '■ Henry Clay is a man who holds a unique position in public affairs. His influence, at many a critical stage in the city's affairs, has been cast for the welfare of the people. A successful man of busi- ness, a man of warm friendships, little wonder that Henry Clay has long been a commanding figure. He was born in this city on the seventeenth of August, 1850. His education was obtained in the public schools of Philadelphia. In 1865 he accepted an opportunity to enter the real estate and conveyancing office of J. H. Siddall & Sons, at the southwest cor- ner of Fourth and Green streets. Mr. Clay stayed with the firm until July, i86g, when he entered the employ of W. Fred. Snyder, in the same line of business, remaining there nine years. At the end of that time he opened a real estate and conveyancing office f ^r himself at Q06 North Sixth street. There he rem.ained until 1891, when he was elected presi- dent and manager of the Northern Electric Light and Power Company. He remained in this position until recently, when he surrendered his office. He is still largely inter- ested in electrical concerns. In 1869 Mr. Clay married Miss S. E. Hausman, of this city. They have two daughters. In 1887 he was elected Receiver of Taxes, and held the office until 1890. fn November, 1892, he was elected to Select Council, and has been re-elected ever since. He is a life member of St. Paul's Masonic Lodge, No. 481 ; of Pacific Lodge, Odd Fel- lows and of several social organizations. He still has a number of relics of his real estate business, in the shape of trust estates which he still manages. Since Senator Boies Penrose was elected to the United vStates Senate, to succeed J. Donald Cameron, for the terra beginning March 4, 1897, his strong personality has made a deep and favorable impression in Washington, and his influence in national affairs, as well as in his own city and State, has increased in a remarkable degree. He was born in his present residence, on Spruce street, below Broad, in the Eighth Ward of the city of Philadel- phia, November i, i860. He is the son of Professor R. A. F. Penrose, M. D., LL. D., of the Medical Department of the University of Pennsylvania, and is a nephew of Judge Clement Riddle Penrose, of the Orphans' Court of Phila- delphia County. Senator Penrose obtained his earh' education at the Episcopal Academy of Philadelphia and under private tutors. He was an apt scholar, and made such rapid progress that he was enabled to enter Harvard College at a very early age, and he graduated in 1881, being one of five from a class of nearly two hundred and fifty who by competitive examination were chosen to deliver orations on Commencement Day. He also received honorable mention in political science, the aft'airs of government having even at that time attracted his interest and atten- tion. After leaving Harvard, he chose the law as a profession, and began his studies with Wayne McVeagh, who has held the posts of United States Attorney- General and Minister to the Italian Court, and George Tucker Bispham, Professor of the Law School of tlie University of Pennsylvania. Senator Penrose was admitted to the Bar in December, 1883, and soon formed a partnership with S. Davis Page, who served as United States Sub-Treasurer at Philadelphia, and Edward B. Allinson, under the firm name of Page, Allinson & Penrose, for the practice of law. In 1884 he was elected as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Repre- sentatives, from the Eighth Ward of Philadelphia. While on the floor of the Lower House he took a particular interest in promoting the success of the Bullitt Bill, the Reform Charter of Philadelphia, and was interested in many other important measures which are now on the statute books of the State. In 1886 he was elected to the State Senate from the Sixth District, which com- prised the Seventh, Eighth and Ninth Wards of Philadelphia, a district in the verv heart of the city, and one of the richest and most influential in the State. The grand- father of Senator Penrose formerly represented part of the same District in the State Senate, and at his death, which occurred during his term of office, he was succeeded b}- Samuel J. Randall. As a member of the Upper House at Harrisburg, Senator Penrose took active part in debate and deliberations, both on the floor and in committee rooms, taking especial interest in the great question of reform in inunicipal govern- ment. He was. continually re-elected to the State Senate until 1896, when he suc- ceeded Senator Cameron in Washington. In collaboration with his partner, Mr. Allinson, he, in 1886, wrote a "History of the Government of the City of Philadelphia," at the request of the Faculty of the Johns Hopkins University of Baltimore. Senator Penrose and Mr. Allinson have also con- tributed other valuable matter to the literature of their profession, and have won a reputation as legal authors of the first rank. ^^. John T. Harrison, the well-known hosiery manufac- turer, and senior member of the firm of Harrison & Mal- latratt, 314 to 328 Armat street, Germantown, was born in England; but he came to this country with his parents, in 1850, when he was only five months old. His father, John T. Harrison, senior, was the contractor who built the Chestnut Hill Branch of the Reading Railroad. Mr. Harrison was educated in the public schools, and entered the Union army two months before he was fifteen years of age, serving in the Eleventh Maryland Regiment, Company B. At the expiration of the War of the Rebellion, he was honorably discharged, and went to work for Louis Bowman, at that time the only florist in Germantown. Some time later he secured a position in the Express Department of the Reading Railroad Company, remaining there for ten years, and then entered the employ of the Charter Hosiery Company, in Ashmead street, Germantown. In i88g he began business on his own account at his present location, and has been exceedingly successful, the business having increased to three times its earh^ proportion. Mr. Harrison has been a prominent figure in public life and during his service in the House of Representatives at Harrisburg, he has been interested in important legislation desired by the mercantile and financial interests of this city, and bv the members of the Bar of Pennsylvania, and he has had passed some of the most important bills recently made laws in this State. Among them was a joint resolution passed through both Houses, which provided for a commission of five lawvers, learned in the law, to draft a new General Corporation law, based on the Supreme Court decisions and legal interpretations of the present law. This was vetoed bv the Governor. He had passed an Appropriation Bill for the Deaf and Dumb Institution at Mt. Airy, for the sum of $260,000. He passed through the House, after a hard fight in Committee, a Lien Law, allowing sub-contractors and laborers to file liens on buildings for wages, the same as original contractors. This bill was substituted by a Senate bill of general lien character. Through his efforts a bill was passed to allow depositions to be taken before magistrates in case any wit- nesses were in other States, their depositions taken before anyone authorized to ad- minister oaths now being admitted as evidence in any case before a magistrate or justice of the peace; a bill appropriating $1,500 to erect a tablet to the memory of John Burns on the battlefield of Gettysburg; a bill providing for the retirement of Judges of the Supreme, Superior and Common Pleas or (Jrphans' Courts, in case of complete disability, and to give them during retirement half pay for the balance of their lives; a bill to carry out the provisions of the Act of 1895, to inspect seals and weights and measures. This was vetoed by the Governor. Among the other import- ant bills made laws through Mr. Harrison's efforts, was a bill appropriating $300,000 for a new insane asylum, known as the Homeopathic Insane Asylum; a bill making appropriations for St. Luke's Hospital, the Jefferson Hospital, and the University of Pennsylvania, the Factory bill, the Compulsory Education bill, and the Congressional Apportionment bill. Mr. Harrison is married, and lias three children, two daughters and a son, the latter, Joseph N. Harrison, whoentered the United States Army at the age of eighteen, during the Spanish-American War, and who served until the end of the war. it S § s s 2 t O ,a S '^ H ^' 2 - " >- 2 M "5 3 Si « I 2 ;5 -J -E S 8 ■" 5; S= "harles Irwin, Deputy Register of Wills, is one of the best-known and one of the most popular men in public life in this city. No man in Philadelphia, probably, e ^ '11 m .. I m^^ it;f^ Masonic Temple. Brihid iind Filhcri Streets. Alexander M. DeHaven, the subject of this sketch, is one of the well-known members of the junior Bar of Philadelphia who has just passed his forty-second year. He was educated in the public schools of this city, in I Hasting's Academy and the University of Pennsylvania. I He subsequently entered the law offices of William Nelson West, then City Solicitor, and the Honorable Henry J. McCarthy, the present Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, and was afterwards associated with the latter in the practice of the law up to the time of the elevation of that eminent jurist to the bench, a few years ago. Then Mr. DeHaven became associated in legal business with Milton C. Work, under the firm name of Work & DeHaven, in which firm he still continues. At the earnest solicitation of friends, Mr. DeHaven entered the political field and was at once sent to Councils, where, it may be stated, that he used his legal talents freely for the city's good, as is exemplified in the legislation passed by Councils during his term of service. There is no matter of importance in the city's welfare that has not had the advantage of his legal training and experience, and it has been said that such men as he elevate the tone of political life. If no other political services had been rendered by him, he may rest his claim of having been a successful and worthy member, solely upon his efforts in having the rules of Councils which formerh^ required for the passage of all appropriation bills, "one-half of the members present," so changed as to require the votes of "two-thirds of the members elect, ' thus effectually preventing the possible enactment of the most important legislation of the session by a minority of the representatives of the people. The advisability of this change of the rules of the city's legislature has been frequently demonstrated. His successful opposition to the garbage contract, whereby $138,000 was saved to the city, is well remembered. In matters of public welfare, in which Mr. DeHaven was the champion, and in some instances the originator, may be named the ordinance requiring the employment of American citizens only in municipal work, and that re- quiring the contractors to pay standard and not cut wages ; the payment of union wages on all public printing, and his strenuous opposition to the electric light trust, the leasing of the gas works, the sale of the water works and tlie equally deter- mined and persistent advocacy of the Free Library of Philadelphia. As a debater, Mr. DeHaven may be regarded as a fearless advocate and a danger- ous opponent. Mr. DeHaven is in frequent demand in the matters of civic discussions as well as upon the platform of political conventions. H ' has been honored by being a member of the Law Committee and is at present chairman of the Highway Committee of the City of Philadelphia. His rise in professional life as well as in public life has been rapid and steady. In the former, he has been connected with some of the most important cases of the day, having given special attention to the laws relating to fraternal societies. The litigation of the Junior Order United American Mechanics, which has extended over seven States of the union, and which resulted in the suspension of more than 40,000 members of the order, is a notable instance and in which he has been required to contest with some of the most eminent lawyers of the day. ■\\'iiKx Collector of the Port C. Wesley Thomas began his new term of office recently, under his re-appointment by President Roosevelt, he received letters of congratulation, to an extent un- known in the history of the office previously, from the great business bouses, commercial firms, manufacturing establishments and cor- porations of this city. Among those who wrote, expressing their pleasure at his re-appointment, and their satisfaction with his excellent administration of the office during his first term, were Drexel & Co., The Baldwin Locomotive Works, Peter Wright & Sons, The Cramp Ship-Building Company, and scores of other concerns as well known. Fifty letters of this description were received by the Collector in a single mail. Nor were the congratulations which he received confined to business men, for scores of professional men, well known, expressed themselves in a similar way, among them men who under ordinary circumstances would pay very little attention to any man in public position. Of this type were letters from John G. Johnson, Hon. A. K. McClure, and many others. Collector Thomas has not only administered the business of the Custom House with integrity, but he has shown a wide grasp on the commercial affairs of the Port, a thorough understanding of financial affairs, and an appreciation of the necessities of commerce. During his incumbency, he has made many improvements in the service, keeping it in touch with the growing commerce of the port, and his executive skill has been manifest in all that he has done. Mr. Ch,\rles S. B.\ir, one of the most successful of the young business men of this city, is the son of Andrew J. Bair, and has a wide acquaintance among the most prominent and successful men in Philadelphia. His hundreds of friends, among citizens of this ilass, have not only been attracted to Mr. Bair on account of his success, and his admirable personal qualities, but because he has been \'ery prominent in many of the most important social organizations. Me has always taken great interest in ^lasonic work. He is a past Worshipful Master of University Lodge, No. 6io; Chairman of the Stewards of University R. A. Chapter. No. 256. He is also Warder of Alary Commandery, Knights Templar, No. 36 ; a member of the \Vest Philadelphia Republican Club, The Athletic Club of Philadelphia, and is one of the Board of Governors of said Club , The Whip and Wheel Club of Merion, Waverly Castle, K. G.E., and is also a member of several other societies and social organizations. Mr. Bair is married, and has three children, and resides at 3813 Baring street. West Philadelphia. He is interested as a partner in the old and wealthy firm of Andrew J. Bair 6i: Son, the house which stands at the head of the Funeral Direction business in Philadelphia. It was founded by H. D. Stuard, in 1822, and from that date to this, in the retail branch of the business, it has numbered as its patrons hundreds of the most prominent families in the city. Its equipages are so magnificent that they have been chosen for the use of Presidents of the United vStates wlien visiting Philadelphia. William Malcolm Bunn was born in Philadelphia, Jan- uary I, 1842, the seventh among eleven children. He began his studies in the public schools, but, at the age of eleven, his studies were interrupted, and he went to work in a cotton mill, where his father was employed as a spin- ner. There he stayed three years, when his uncle, an Episcopal minister, who conducted an academy for boys at Havana, N. Y., took him in charge. When sixteen years old his father secured him a place with John Frost, a wood engraver, of this city. At the end of a year the boy became dissatisfied, however, and with an older brother he established a wood-carving business. When the Rebellion broke out he promptly enlisted, though not twenty years of age, and joined Company F, Seventy-second Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers. He was severely wounded at Savage Station, Virginia, June 29, 1862, and was afterwards taken prisoner, being for some months confined in Richmond. When con- valescent he was exchanged and returned to Philadelphia, where he suffered a relapse. After being honorably discharged he returned to the army as sutler's clerk, and performed his duties well. He resumed the wood-engraving business in partnership with his brother, and the firm prospered. Chester A. Arthur, President of the United States, selected him as Governor of the Territory of Idaho. He was unanimously confirmed by the United States Sen- ate, and made a magnificent record in the gubernatdrial chair. He did good work for the advancement and improvement of the Territory, and had passed by the Legisla- ture an act disfranchising polygamous Mormons, the hardest blow Mormonism ever received. Governor Bunn is manager of the branch office of Wolf Brothers & Company, Bankers and Brokers, on the second floor of the Real Estate Building, at Broad and Chestnut streets, and there many of the best-known men in the city transact business in stock and bonds, and other securities. The firm is one of the best-known in the eastern part of the United States, and its splendid main offices, which occupy the entire first floor of the old Land Title Building, Nos. 608 and 610 Chestnut street, are filled with customers thoroughly representative of the mercantile, professional, financial and corporation interests of this city. The New York offices of the house are at No. 100 Broadway, New York City; and they are members of the Philadelphia and New York Stock Exchanges, the New York Produce Exchange, and the Chicago Board of Trade. The house has a high reputation for its enterprising and conservative management, and it transacts a very large business in this city, in New York, and in Chicago. It deals in all the stocks and bonds listed on the exchanges of the cities mentioned, and acts as agent for cities, towns and States, in placing their securities upon the general market. The increase in its business, in recent years, has been especially large, and it is known as one of the substantial firms of Philadelphia. Copyrighted .May , li)00, _l H.A\il LiUI-.RTV Ijhl.L A.\Li SiAlkiAsL, 1 j\ ijiil'lu\ Dli.\ L L JIa \'' ;■ Vvit: .^sm^sma^ LIERftRY OF CONGRESS 016 092 977 7 '"'"Mi <:'<-;0>e^.[ ■ "■''<^M'•■•il~ •■'.„•■ l'.-'*'-;t'rv, ■ V '■ ■ -■' lyu-- \ . . ■V'.; ',t'-.'-V.' ' ■.■/■t'-.V-'/ . 1 '■',::. 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