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LANCASTRIANA. 
 I. 
 
 A SUPPLEMENT 
 
 TO THE 
 
 EARLY RECORDS AND MILITARY ANNALS 
 
 OF 
 
 LANCASTER, MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 BY 
 
 HENRY S. NOURSE. 
 
 LANCASTER, 
 1900 
 
■ LI 
 
 PRESS OF WM. J. COULTER, 
 
 CLINTON. MASS. 
 
l^> 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 Q^UCH original records as long and earnest search had 
 ^'"'^ brought to light, which could serve to illustrate, at any 
 point, the story of Lancaster and her people during the 
 period ending A. D. 1725, were collected into a volume 
 printed in 1884. Since then a few items of interest relating 
 to the same history have been found and are gathered in the 
 following pages, together with other subsidiary matter, to 
 serve as a supplement to The Early Records of Lancaster. 
 A few historical notes are added supplementary to, or cor- 
 recting, statements in The Military Annals of Lancaster, 
 printed in 1889. Each item bears a reference to some page 
 in those works. 
 
s^^^ 
 
 EARLY RECORDS 
 
 OF 
 
 LANCASTER, MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 THE LOST RECORDS. 
 
 IDAGES 6 and 152, It has been surmised, and even 
 ■■■ asserted, that the missing records of Lancaster (1671- 
 1717) were burned during the assault upon the town, July 
 31, 1704, by Chevalier Beaucourt's army of French and 
 Indians. This might seem plausible, for the meeting-house 
 was then destroyed, and also the neighboring dwelling of 
 the third John Houghton, a leading citizen who held various 
 town offices. Weighing heavily against the surmise, how- 
 ever, are the facts that no mention of such loss is made in 
 the contemporary lists of property destroyed, and that the 
 gap in town-meeting records extends twelve years later. 
 The cause of the lamentable hiatus of forty-six years in the 
 town-clerks' annals continues wrapt in mystery. 
 
 REV. NATHANIEL NORCROSS. 
 
 12, 340. In a letter from Mrs. Lucy Downing to her 
 brother, John Winthrop, Jr., dated December 17, 1648, she 
 gives this information respecting the first minister of the 
 Nashaway Plantation: — 
 
 Mr Norcross is flowen to Agamenticus, and there he sayth for his 
 short experience he likes very well. 
 
 [Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., Series V, Vol. i, p. 37.] 
 
ANNALS OF LANCASTER. 
 
 In 1649-50, Rev. Nathaniel Norcross returned to England 
 and there died, August, 1662, being then called "late of St. 
 Dunstans in the East-minster." He was born in England, 
 about 1618, the son of Jeremiah. 
 
 DESCRIPTION OF NASHAWAY. 
 
 17. In a " Briefe Discription of New England," attribu- 
 ted to Samuel Maverick, occurs mention of the Nashaway 
 Plantation. This manuscript was discovered in the British 
 Museum in 1884, and was printed in full in the New England 
 Historical and Genealogical Register for January, 1885. It 
 is not dated, but was written not far from 1653, when the 
 name Lancaster was given to the settlement. 
 
 About ten or twelve miles aboue these Two Townes [Concord and 
 Sudbury] is a CountreyTowne called Nashoway, first begun for Love of 
 the Indians' Trade, but since the ffertility of y^ Soyle and pleasantness 
 of the Riuer hath invited many more. There is excellent Salmon and 
 Trout. 
 
 A letter written by John Eliot in 1650, found in the Hun- 
 terian Museum of the Glasgow University, among descrip- 
 tions of other New England localities, says: — 
 
 West from Sudbury 16 myles lyeth Nashaway, inland, who want a 
 Minister. 
 
 WATANANOCK. 
 
 33. The Nashaway River had another title among the 
 Indians. Most long rivers were given by the aborigines dif- 
 ferent names in different portions of their courses, just as 
 the white men at a later period called the stream now known 
 as the Nashua, "Lancaster River," "Groton River," or "Har- 
 vard River," according to their own residence. In Colonial 
 Records IV, part II, p. 569, it is called "Nashaway or IVata- 
 nanock River." 
 
 NASHAWAY SACHEMS. 
 
 38,98,117 133. The earliest known sachem of the 
 Nashaways appears in New England history under the 
 names: Showanon, Sholan, Shaumauvv, Shoniow, Nasho- 
 wanon, Nashacowan and Nashoonon; the number of his 
 
MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 aliases being indicative of his high renown. His home was 
 upon a slight elevation between the two Washacum lakes. 
 His immediate successor — November, 1654 — was his neph- 
 ew, Matthew, whose Indian name does not appear. Both 
 Sholan and Matthew were firm friends of their white neigh- 
 bors and of John Eliot. Upon the death of Matthew, at 
 some unknown date before 1675, Shoshanim was elected 
 sachem. He was known by the English as Sagamore Sam, 
 and also bore the aliases Uskattuhgun and Upchattuck. 
 Rivaling him in savage arts, tribal influence and hatred of 
 the white man, was the Nashaway warrior One-eyed John, 
 alias Monoco, alias Apequinash. Shoshanim and Monoco 
 were hung at Boston, September 22, 1676. In one of his 
 diaries, Increase Mather records this fact as follows: 
 
 Sep. 22. This day Sagamore Sam was hanged at Boston. And the 
 sick Englishman that should have been executed the last Week (whose 
 name was Goble) was hanged with him. It seems a mad woman got 
 away the rope which should have hanged the English Man, wherefore 
 he was hanged with the very same rope w'' had hanged the Indian just 
 before. The same day 3 other Indians hanged, viz the Sagamore of 
 Quaboag, one eyed John and Jethro. They were betrayed into the 
 hands of the English by Indians. 
 
 [Mass. Hist. Soc. Proceedings for January, igoo.] 
 
 The chief of the small remnant of the Nashaway tribe 
 that survived King Philip's war was probably the noted 
 Christian Indian, Ouanapaug, whose aliases were: Quana- 
 pohit, Quenepenet, James Wiser and James Rumneymarsh. 
 In 1670, he deeded lands at Washacum to John Prescott, 
 calling himself "of Weshakim," but later was resident at 
 Natick. The last sagamore whose name appears in local 
 story was George Tahanto, who, in 1701, deeded the rem- 
 nant of the Nashaway lands to the Lancaster proprietors. 
 He is called Sholan's nephew. 
 
 WATAQUADOCK. 
 
 42. A hill, a pond and a brook in Brimfield also bear 
 the name Wataquadock, by which the great ridge which 
 bounds the Nashaway valley on the east has ever been 
 known. 
 
ANNALS OF LANCASTER, 
 
 IRON WORKS. 
 
 49. Iron ore was known to exist in the Nashaway 
 valley prior to the purchase of the township from Sholan. 
 John VVinthrop, Jr., in "Considerations about Iron Works," 
 1644, speaking of the Braintree ore, says: 
 
 There is of the same sort at severall places — neere Greeneharbour 
 \_Marshfield'\, at Nashaway, at Cohasset, at Woburne, and many other 
 places. [Mass. Hist. Soc. Proc, 2d s., viii, 14.] 
 
 The earliest mention of the Prescott bloomary found is 
 in deeds of the third John Prescott to his son in 1748: 
 
 land on which said Prescott'sy^r^^ stands and bounded south- 
 east on y^ highway lately laid out as it is now marked. 
 
 land lying on a Brook called Prescott's Meadow Brook near 
 
 where it runs inio the Intervale ner y" Iron Mine. 
 
 [Worcester Registry, Vol. 28, 295-299.] 
 
 HIGHWAYS. 
 
 61. The proprietors claimed and exercised ownership 
 of the highways throughout the territory originally granted 
 for the Nashaway Plantation until half a dozen towns had 
 been carved from it, and troublesome questions often arose 
 because of the divided jurisdiction. The following from the 
 records of the Proprietary dates the surrender to the corpor- 
 ations of the title to the thoroughfares then existing: 
 
 lygi. February 7, Voted that the proprietors relinquish to the 
 
 several Towns within the Bound of old Lancaster all their Right to the 
 Rodes in the Respective towns and that each Town have a Right to dis- 
 pose of and alter said Roades within their limits, not to injure the pub- 
 lick. 
 
 JURORS. 
 
 68. Lancaster was required to furnish two jurors for the 
 county courts annually. The grand juror was paid three 
 shillings per day, and the juror for special courts four shil- 
 lings. They were chosen by the voters until 1774, when a 
 special act of Parliament empowered the sheriffs to select 
 them. An example of a warrant and sundry returns follow: 
 
 To the Constable of Lancaster. You are required to call your free- 
 men together to choose one able and meet person to serve on the Jury 
 
MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 for Trials at the next County Court to be holden at Cambridge the 4"* 
 day of the next mo. also you are to warn your grand jury man to attend 
 the said Court, and hereof you are to make a true return under your 
 hands, not to faile. 
 
 Dat. 12"', 10"', 1659. Thomas Daj^fokth^ J^ecor^/er 
 
 Goodman John Moore is chosen and warned to attend the Court 
 accordinge to direction by y'^ warrant by 
 
 Oct. 4"'- Jacob ffarer Cotistable"^^ 
 
 1663. April 2 Henry Kerly is fined five shill. for not appearing 
 
 on the jury. 
 
 17.7. 1672 Laurence Waters is chosen by the freemen to serve 
 
 on the jurie of tryalls and Richard Wheeler to attend the Court on the 
 grand jurie as witnesseth: 
 
 Jo. More, Constable of Lancaster. 
 
 20 .7 . 1673 Jacob ffarer Sen"^. is chosen to serve on the jurie of 
 
 tryalls and John More grand jurie man warned according to this sum- 
 mons as witnesseth: Jonathan Prescott Constable 
 
 28. 1 . 1673/4 John Prescott Sen. is chose grand jurie man, and 
 
 Sariant Henry Kerly for the jurie of tryalls. . . .by 
 
 Jonathan Prescott, Constable of Lancaster 
 
 20. 1 . 1674/5 John Prescott Sen. is chosen grand Juryman and 
 
 Beniamin Allen for the jury of tryalls this r* 2mo. 1675, ^s witnesseth. 
 
 Roger Sumner Constable 
 
 1684 In answer to this warant the former grand juror was 
 
 warned John Prescott is chose for the yere insuing to sarve in the grand 
 jury. Jamse Houghton is chosen for the jury of tryalls. John More 
 Sen. chose to answare for not having a pound. 
 
 30 dy. March 1684/5 Thomas Sayer Constable 
 
 [Middlesex Court Files.] 
 
 CHESQUONOPOG. 
 
 70. Chesquonopog Pond, mentioned as early as 1660 in 
 town records, is proved by a deed of Samuel Bennett to his 
 son Joseph, May i, 1724 — conveying lands "near to a place 
 called Chesquonapoage Hill " and "Asiatic" or "Assoatetick 
 Hill" — to be probably what is known as White's Pond. 
 
 HENRY KERLEY. 
 80. Henry Karley of Lankester beinge a howse houlder and aboue 
 24 years of age and of good estate and in full coiriunion, desiers the lib- 
 ertie of freedome by this Court. This I afirme 
 
 Simon Willard. 
 Admitted to freedom 14 May '68. E. R. Sec. 
 
 [Massachusettes -Archives.] 
 
10 ANNALS OF LANCASTER, 
 
 GEORGE HILL. 
 
 82-3. George Hill was so called by the first planters 
 in the Nashaway valley, appearing in proprietors' records as 
 early as 1664 in an assignment of land — "ten acors lying on 
 the top of George Hill" — to Daniel Gains the tailor. It is 
 often asserted that the name was derived from that of an 
 Indian who had a wigwam there, and Joseph Willard, Esq., 
 (1826) mentions this, in a note to page 6 of his History of 
 Lancaster, as traditionary. Rev. Abijah P. Marvin ( 1879), 
 in his History of Lancaster, pages 38 and 65, definitely 
 locates an "Indian Camp" on the southern slope of the hill, 
 and even publishes a view of the place, alleging that it is the 
 site of the first trucking-house. But the Middlesex Registry 
 of Deeds gives abundant proof that the trucking-house was 
 a quarter of a mile north of the position pictured, and on 
 the eastern slope of the hill. To George Tahanto, the last 
 known sachem of the Nashaway tribe, the honor of giving 
 name to the hill is often attributed; but as Tahanto does not 
 appear in history until 1701, and was, if not unborn, proba- 
 bly a minor in 1664, the title of Lancaster's chief elevation 
 may have its origin from a much less romantic source. In 
 fact, the name was presumably given to the locality because 
 George Adams, a glover and trader of Watertown — in the 
 earliest assignment of lands here made to the pioneers by 
 Stephen Day, as early as 1645 — received twenty acres for 
 his home lot on the eastern slope of the hill, bounded north 
 by the trucking-house lot which John Prescott bought of 
 John Cowdall in 1647. Adams soon got into serious trouble 
 by illicit trade with the Indians, as told in the court order 
 given below, and his unimproved home lot was reconveyed 
 by the proprietors to Jonas Fairbank. In 1670, however, 
 Adams laid claim to the land and the town appeased him by 
 a grant of sixty acres near "VVashacome." There he built 
 and lived, apparently a genial neighbor to the Indians. 
 
 In ans'. to the peticon of George Addams, the Courte finding that 
 he was found guilty of selling two gunnes and strong waters [to the In- 
 dians] having nothing to satisfy the lawe, determined that he shall be 
 severely whipt the next lecture day at Boston, and then discharged the 
 prison. May 13, 1653. . [Mass. Records, IV, part 1, 133.] 
 
MASSACHUSETTS. n 
 
 In ans^ to the petition of George and Francis Addams, humbly de- 
 siring the favour of this Court to confirm vnto them a certain parcell of 
 vpland and meadow seuerall yeares since given to them by Shoniow 
 Sachem of Nashaway, deceased, called by the name of VVashaame Hill, 
 being about the quantity of two hundred acres, which land hath, since 
 the death of the sajd Shoniow, binn confirmed to them by Matthew, his 
 nephew, so called by the English, before the honoured Capt. Gookin, 
 and since the sajd Matthews decease agam confirmed by Samuel now 
 Sagamore of the place, and alike acknowledged the seventh of this 
 instant May 1675, the Court judgeth it meet to grant the peticoners re- 
 quest. [Mass. Records, Vol. V, 39.] 
 
 WILLARD GARRISON. 
 
 95-6. In the report of a committee upon the compen- 
 sation petitioned for by the heirs of Major Simon Willard 
 for losses during King Philip's war, one item among the 
 claims allowed was: 
 
 Expenses out of purse in repairing the house blown upzx Lancaster 
 
 At the abandonment of Lancaster in March, 1676, all 
 buildings that could serve as shelter for the savages were 
 burned, or as in the case of this substantial garrison house 
 of Cyprian Stevens, were destroyed by gunpowder, 
 
 MOHAWK RAID. 
 
 97. The " Maquas Wars" which, according to Daniel 
 Gookin, broke the power of the Nashaway tribe, raged from 
 1663 to 1669. The Mohawks, a warlike race and the heredi- 
 tary foes of the Massachusetts Indians, in 1663/4 made a 
 fierce raid eastward, overwhelmed the Connecticut River 
 tribes and carried fire and slaughter even to the neighbor- 
 hood of the Wachusett and Washacum strongholds: 
 
 At a Council Called by the Gouernor and Dept. Gouernor and As- 
 sembled together the 24th of November 1663. Whereas this Councill is 
 Informed by Major Willard that the Mohawks are lately come downe 
 and slaine seuerall of the Confederate Indians who are in confederacy 
 with vs. It is Ordered that Major Willard be and hereby is betrusted 
 with furnishing of y" said Confederate Indians with powder and shott 
 proportionable not exceeding three barrells. E. R. s. 
 
 So far as appears, this was all the assistance given b}' the 
 
12 ANNALS OF LANCASTER, 
 
 white men to their copper-colored "Confederates." In the 
 summer of 1669, an army of over six hundred warriors or- 
 ganized from the Massachusetts tribes, under the leadership 
 of Chickatawbut, sought revenge upon the Mohawks, assail- 
 ing them in their own fastnesses. They found their foes not 
 unprepared, but were at first victorious. Finally, through 
 lack of ammunition and food they were forced to retreat, 
 and were ambushed and routed with great slaughter, losing 
 their chief sachem and many of their ablest warriors. From 
 this time the "Confederate Indians" seem to have lost con- 
 fidence in the neighborliness of their English allies, growing 
 rapidly more and more dissatisfied, until at last they became 
 the willing agents, and the victims, of Philip's wily schemes. 
 
 LANCASTER MEN AT QUABAUG. 
 
 98. Major Willard marched from Lancaster to the re- 
 lief of Brookfield August 4, 1675, with Captain Parker of 
 Groton and forty-six men, his original destination being "to 
 look after some Indians to the westward of Lancaster and 
 Groton," doubtless the Nashaways. With him were these 
 Lancaster men in September at Quabaug: 
 
 Jonathan Prescott. Daniel Gains. Thomas Beaman. 
 
 John Uivoll. Ephraim Sawyer. William Kerley. 
 
 Josiah White. Daniel Adams. 
 
 MONOCO'S RAID. 
 
 99. August 22 [1675] being the Lord's Day, the Indians about Lan- 
 caster Killed a Man and his Wife and two Children in the afternoon 
 exercise. [Increase Mather's A Brief History of the War with the Indians, 1676.] 
 
 OUANAPAUG'S RELATION. 
 
 100. James Quanapaug's Information — January 24, 
 1676 — was taken down by two scribes, and their versions 
 while agreeing in all essential particulars, differ greatly in 
 phraseology. The "Relation" preserved in the Connecticut 
 archives is the more complete report, and gives the passages 
 quoted in The Early Records of Lancaster, as follows: 
 
 but James [at the second towne] he came too met with John 
 
 with one eye of Weshakum [a stout Captaine among them.] this man 
 
MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 13 
 
 Knew James and said thou hast been with mee in the warr with the 
 Mauhaks and I know thou art a valiant man and therefore none shall 
 wrong thee nor kill thee here but they shall first kill me. Therefore 
 abide at my wigwam and I will protect thee. So this man entertained 
 him kindly, & protected him. Job his companion stayd at Pumham's 
 wigwam wher his 3 children were kept; hee and Job aboad with these 
 Indians severall dales & sometimes went forth to hunt deere not farr of 
 & returned againe, hee labored to gaine what information hee could of 
 their affayres, & was informed by Capt John [with one eye] his host 
 & others said things, vizt. that Philip was quartered this winter within 
 
 halfe a dayes iorny [north of?] fort Albany, that they had got 
 
 and caried away all the corne at Pakuahooge & in the Nipmuck coun- 
 try vnto their quarters, vpon wch they had lived this winter & vpon 
 beefe & porke they had kild about Quaboage, & venison of wch there 
 is great store in those parts & by reason of y'' deep snow y"' being [mid 
 thigh deep] it is easy to kill deare without gunns, hee saith that ere 
 long, when y"^ beefe & porke & deere is spent & gon, that they will be in 
 want of corne, but they intend then to com downe vpon the English 
 townes, of Lancaster Marlborow Groton, & particulely they intend first 
 to cut off Lancaster bridge and then say they there can no releef com to 
 you from Boston nor the people cannot escape & their they hope to 
 have corne enough 
 
 THE MASSACRE OF 1676. 
 
 102. Rev. Increase Mather's A Brief History of the 
 War with the Indians in New England, 1676, was written 
 before William Hubbard's Narrative appeared, and gives 
 some information respecting the destruction of Lancaster 
 not found in the latter: 
 
 also the Indian spies declared, that there was a designe, within 
 
 such a time to burn Lancaster, which came to pass both as to time and 
 manner accordingly. 
 
 For upon the loth of February some hundreds of Indians fell upon 
 Lancaster, burnt many of the Houses, kill'd and took Captive above 
 forty persons. Mr Roivlandson (the faithful pastor of the Church there) 
 had his House, Goods, Books all burned; his Wife, and all his Children 
 led away Captive before the Enemy. Himself (as God would have it) 
 was not at home, whence his own person was delivered, which otherwise 
 (without a Miracle) would have been endangered. Eight men lost their 
 lives, and were stripped naked by the Indians, because they ventured 
 their lives to save Mrs Rowlandson. As this good Man returned home 
 (having been at Boston to intercede with the Council that something 
 might be done for the safety of that place) he saw his Laiicaster in 
 flames, and his own house burnt down, not having heard of it till his 
 
14 ANNALS OF LANCASTER, 
 
 eyes beheld it, and Knew not what was become of the Wife of his 
 bosome, and Children of his Bowels 
 
 Rev. Cotton Mather in the seventh book of his Magualia 
 Christi Americana gives a similar account, generally using 
 Hubbard's words, and adding nothing of interest. Hub- 
 bard's Narrative agrees so entirel)^ with the reports of the 
 Indian spies. Job and Quanapohit, and with all other con- 
 temporary records, that it may be accepted as a complete 
 confutation of the tradition that Philip led the assault upon 
 Lancaster. This persistent myth probably had its origin in 
 the unhistoric statement made by Rev. Timothy Harrington 
 in his Century Sermon, 1753: 
 
 But Philip with the rest confessed by themselves after the peace to 
 be 1500, marched for Lancaster, in which there were then above fifty 
 families — And on the loth of February, 1676, assaulted in five distinct 
 bodies and places 
 
 The Lancaster historians, Joseph Willard and Rev. Abijah 
 P. Marvin, accepted this dubious tradition without question, 
 and Rev. Peter Whitney, John W. Barber, John Langdon 
 Sibley, and more recentl}% even John Fiske — in his Dutch 
 and Quaker Colonies in America, ii, 60 — have perpetuated 
 it. But at the date of the destruction of Lancaster, Philip 
 and his forces were either in their winter quarters "half a 
 day's journey north of Fort Albany," as Quanapohit's Rela- 
 tion of January 24, 1675-6, tells us, or were retreating through 
 the woods towards Squakeag after a disastrous fight with the 
 Mohawks. Mrs. Rowlandsori, in her Narrative, relates that 
 Robert Pepper, a fellow prisoner who had been captured 
 September 3, 1675, in Captain Beer's fight, told her on Feb- 
 ruary 12, at Menamesset, that he had been taken "almost as 
 far as Albany to see King Philip," and had "very lately" re- 
 turned thence. She also records that she did not see Philip 
 until March 8. when she reached Coasset, on the west bank 
 of the Connecticut River, a little north of the boundary line 
 between Vermont and Massachusetts. The following letter 
 from Sir Edmund Andros, governor of New York, to the 
 Connecticut government, gives similar information; 
 
MASSACHUSETTS. 15 
 
 N. YoKCK, y"^ e*"" of Jan". i675[6]. 
 Hon'''^ S''. Thow I have nott yett had sutable returnes, if any at all, 
 I cannott however obmit my part. This is to acquaint you that late last 
 night I had inteligence that Philip & 4 or 500 North Indians, fighting 
 men, were come 40 or 50 miles of Albany northerly, where they talke of 
 continuing this winter; that Phi: is sick, and one Sahamoschuha, the 
 Comander in Cheef. Whereupon I have despatched orders theither. 
 
 This accompt to yrseife, or if yu think fitt, to your Assistances; but 
 I thinck is needles to be published to the whole comonalty. from 
 
 Your Humble Servant E. Andross. 
 
 [Connecticut Colonial Records, II, 397.] 
 
 Under date of February 8, 1676, a letter to London, 
 printed by Samuel G. Drake in The Old Indian Chronicle, p. 
 99, confirms these statements as to Philip's winter quarters, 
 and Mr Drake locates him at "Scatacook" on the east bank 
 of the Hudson, about twenty miles above Albany. Philip 
 was supposed to be seeking an alliance with the Mohawks 
 against the Massachusetts Colony, and purchasing powder 
 and arms of the Dutch. Much more explicit is the state- 
 ment of Sir Edmund Andros, in "A Short Account of the 
 Generall Concerns of New Yorke from October 1674 to No- 
 vember 1677," to be found printed in Documents relative to 
 the Colonial History of New York, HI, 255: 
 
 In November and December Phillip and other Indyans about a 
 
 thousand in two partys armed, went up into the country, and came within 
 about forty miles of Albany, of wh'^'' notice by our Indyans to y" com- 
 ander att Albany and by him expresse to the Governm* att New Yorke, 
 the rivers all frozen. The Governour imediately dispatched reitterated 
 orders to y" comander for said Phillips &c to remove, if not effected 
 afore y^ receit of said Orders, and sent an Expresse with Letters and 
 Ample Instructions to Connecticutt, desiring Liberty for our forces. 
 Christians or Indyans, to pursue such y'^ Enemys of said Connecticutt 
 into their parts as occasion &c. and y* like after to Boston; but being 
 denied, and the River opening unexpectedly the beginning of ffebruary 
 1675/6. he took y" first opportunity to goe up with an additional force 
 and six sloops to Albany, and found att his arrivall aboutt three hundred 
 Maquaas Souldiers in town returned y" Evening afore from y'= pursuite 
 of Philip and a party of five hundred with him whom they had beaten, 
 having some prisoners and the crowns, or hayre and skinne of the head, 
 of others they had killed; Att their setting out the Commander had fur- 
 nished the whole party with store of Ammunicon, and all sorts of arms 
 and necessarys they wanted, and received their old Sachems wives and 
 children into the town; but now upon our neighbour's refusall the Gov- 
 
l6 ANNALS OF LANCASTER, 
 
 ern'' was put to a further greater charge, as well as authority to stop 
 their prosecuting said Indyans into our Neighbour's Colony, which would 
 else have proved of a farre worse consequence; 
 
 Andros' letter to Connecticut referred to in this docu- 
 ment was dated February 4, 1676, and the reply to it — 
 printed in Connecticut Colonial Records, II, p. 406, was sent 
 February 10, the very day of the destruction of Lancaster. 
 The Indian forces assailing Lancaster probably numbered 
 about four hundred warriors, led by five sachems: Sagamore 
 Sam and Monoco of the Nashaways, Muttaump alias Mali- 
 ompe of the Quabaugs, Matoonas of the Nipnets, and Quan- 
 opin of the Narragansetts. Samuel Sewall in his Diary, I, 22, 
 calls Maliompe the "general at Lancaster." Hubbard's lan- 
 guage, as well as that of Quanapohit, apparently proves that 
 the historians who include the Nashaway tribe among the 
 Nipnet Indians, are in error. 
 
 THE COUNCIL'S LETTER TO MAJOR WILLARD. 
 
 104. A letter of the Council dated February ii, 1675/6, 
 addressed to Major Simon Willard, follows. Major Willard 
 had shown marked ability in his conduct of military opera- 
 tions, so outranking his associate ofificers in this respect that 
 the colonial government proposed to place him in supreme 
 command of its forces: 
 
 Sir. The Council received your letter and are sorry for your excuse 
 for not coming to the Council by reason of the state of Lancaster, which 
 we desire you to endeavour to the utmost of your power to relieve and 
 succour. We are using our best endeavours to prepare more forces to 
 send to distress the enemy. You shall hear more from us speedily, and 
 in the interim we desire you to be in readiness if you should have a full 
 command over the forces to be sent forth from the Colony. 
 
 [Mass. Archives.] E- R- Secy. 
 
 SISTER DREW. 
 
 104, 114. The singular translation of Mrs. Hannah 
 (White) Divoll to "Sister Drew," which occurs in the Lon- 
 don pamphlet, News from New England, is rivaled by 
 Thomas Cobbett's version of the same name to Diuens. 
 Both Joseph Willard, Esq., and Rev. Abijah P. Marvin, how- 
 
MASSACHUSETTS. 17 
 
 ever, in their histories adopted the Drew family into Lancas- 
 ter story without any qualms, and even evolved a Mr. Drew 
 to join with the party which went to Boston for aid against 
 the impending assault of the savages! [See Willard's His- 
 tory of Lancaster, p. 39, and Marvin's Lancaster, pp. 96, 98, 
 107, 108 and 112.] 
 
 THOMAS ROWLANDSON. 
 
 104. Thomas Rowlandson, says Joseph Willard on 
 page 39 of his History of Lancaster, "was brother to the 
 clergyman," and Mr. Marvin perpetuates the same error on 
 pages 96 and 106 of his history of the town. Rev. Joseph 
 Rowlandson had a brother, Thomas, who lived in Salisbury 
 and died there in July, 1682. It was his son, Thomas junior, 
 who perished at Lancaster. Even the careful John Langdon 
 Sibley adopts Willard's error, on page 319, volume i, of his 
 Harvard Graduates. 
 
 JOHN KETTEL. 
 
 105. Rev. Timothy Harrington, in a foot-note to his 
 Century Sermon, includes in his list of the slain at the mas- 
 sacre of the Rowlandson garrison, "John Kettle and two 
 sons." On a memorial erected in Stow, 1883, to mark the 
 supposed site of a John Ketteli's cabin — he being one of the 
 first settlers of that town — it is recorded that " he was killed 
 by the Indians Feb. 10, 1676." Mr. Harrington has been 
 deemed worthy of credence in most of his statements regard- 
 ing the destruction of Lancaster, for they were written only 
 seventy-seven years after the event, and must have been 
 based upon the recollections of survivors of that bloody epi- 
 sode living in his day. Notable among such survivors were: 
 Caleb Sawyer, who was seventeen years of age when the 
 savage followers of Sagamore Sam raged around his father's 
 stockaded garrison, and Lieutenant Jabez Fairbank, then a 
 child of five years, who lost his father on that eventful day. 
 Moreover, in the congregation under Mr. Harrington's min- 
 istrations were scores of the children of those who suffered 
 by savage tomahawk or torch during Philip's war. But Rev. 
 George F. Clark, historian of Stow, in the New England His- 
 
ANNALS OF LANCASTER, 
 
 torical and Genealogical Register for October, 1896, has 
 apparently proved by documentary evidence that John Ket- 
 tell and his sons John and Joseph survived the massacre of 
 1676 several years. 
 
 Kettell owned no land in Lancaster, but leased a farm 
 near Walnut Swamp belonging to Abraham Joslin. He has 
 always been supposed to be that John of Sudbury, son of 
 Richard of Charlestown, born in 1639, who married first 
 Sarah Goodnow, and second, Elizabeth Ward. Another 
 John Kettell, an older man, owned three hundred acres in 
 Stow where the above named memorial with its questionable 
 inscription stands. But this John died in Salem, 1685. Was 
 Rev. Timothy Harrington misinformed as to the tragic fate 
 of the Kettell family, or was there a third of the name? 
 When Mrs. Elizabeth Kettell and two daughters were cap- 
 tured, how did the male members of the family escape? 
 
 Probably Henry Kerley, Jr., should be classed among 
 those slain. The captive "child Kerley, name and age un- 
 known," was undoubtedly Elizabeth, the oldest daughter. 
 The birth of this daughter is not a matter of record, but she 
 is mentioned in her father's will, and was that Elizabeth who 
 in 1686 married Daniel How of Marlborough. Mary and 
 Hannah Kerly and Joseph Joslin finally escaped from cap- 
 tivity or were ransomed. 
 
 SOLDIERS IN MASSACRE ? 
 
 106. On September 8, 1675, the Council ordered fifty 
 men to be detailed from Norfolk and Middlesex counties for 
 assignment among the garrisons of Lancaster, Groton and 
 Dunstable. At the Lancaster garrisons, January 25, 1676, 
 there were fourteen soldiers on duty from other places, as 
 shown by Treasurer Hull's accounts. (See Rev. George M. 
 Bodge's Soldiers in King Philip's War, p. 301.) It is prob- 
 able that some of these suffered in the massacre of February 
 10, adding to the number of anonymous casualties. 
 
 RANSOM OF CAPTIVES 
 
 112, 114. 1676. May 3. Election Day. This day Mrs. Row- 
 landson was, by a wonderful hand of Providence, returned to her hus- 
 
MASSACHUSETTS. iq 
 
 band after she had been absent eleven weeks in the hands of the 
 Indians. [Increase Mather's Diary.] 
 
 The Lord from Heaven smiled upon us at this time: for the day be- 
 fore this Thanksgiving, as also the day after, he gave us to hear more of 
 our Captives returned; particularly Mr Rowlandson's Children are now- 
 brought in as answers of Prayer. It is not a small mercy that the mother 
 and children (only one childe was. killed when the others were taken) 
 should all of them be saved alive. 
 
 [Increase Mather's Brief History.] 
 
 A petition of John Hoar to the General Court, May 24, 
 1682, discloses the fact that in 1665 he had been imprisoned, 
 fined fifty pounds, put under bonds, and disbarred from 
 pleading as a lawyer. After stating that during Philip's 
 War, by order of Major VVillard, Major Gookin, Mr. Eliot 
 and the Concord selectmen, he had charge of about sixty 
 Nashoby Indians, and built a fort for them costing forty 
 pounds and endangered his life in their behalf, he adds: 
 
 I also made severall journeys to Lancaster and to the Counsell, and 
 two journeys to the Indians to redeme Mrs Rowlinson and Goodwife 
 Kettle, with two horses and provisions, and gave the Sagamores consid- 
 erably of my owne estate above whatever I received of the Country, and 
 by the favor of God obtained of them that they woald fight no more but 
 in their own defence. Seth Perry also had severall things of mee to give 
 the Indians that he might escape with his life. 
 
 CAPTAIN HINCHMAN'S CAPTURES AT WASHACUM. 
 
 116. June 7, 1676. Our Forces now abroad came upon a party of 
 Indians not far from Lancaster, and killed some of them, and took nine 
 and twenty of them Captive. [Increase Mather's Brief History.] 
 
 Ours by direction of Tom Dublet (a Natick Indian who was a little 
 
 before employed in the redemption of the captives) following tracks of 
 
 Indians, came upon a party of the enemy fishing in Weshacom ponds, 
 
 towards Lancaster, of whom they killed seven and took twenty-nine 
 
 mostly women and children; yet belonging to considerable persons it 
 
 made the success the more to be valued. 
 
 [William Hubbard's Narrative.] 
 
 June 7. The army abroad took twenty-nine Indians and brought 
 them to Boston. One was that squaw that domineered over Mrs. Row- 
 landson. [Increase Mather's Diary.] 
 
 Among the captives thus taken by Captain Daniel Hinch- 
 man at Washacum were the wife and children of Shoshanim 
 and the wife of Muttaump. They were sold into slavery in 
 
20 ANNALS OF LANCASTER, 
 
 the West Indies. Weetamoo, squaw of Quanopin and sister- 
 in-law of Philip, referred to by Mather as "domineering over 
 Mrs. Rowlandson," was not captured at VVashacum, but was 
 drowned in August at Mattapoisett. Mrs. Rowlandson was 
 Weetamoo's maid, Quanopin having bought her from her 
 captor, a warrior of his own tribe. 
 
 REV. JOSEPH ROWLANDSON. 
 
 119, 301, 340. At a town meeting April 7, 1677, the Committee 
 formerly chosen to inquire after an able minister for the town having 
 advised and directed the town to the Rev. Mr. Rowlandson, lately a 
 minister of the church of Lancaster in the Bay Colony, and Mr. Row- 
 landson being by the invitation of the said Committee come to give them 
 a visit, the town being very desirous of Mr. Rowlandson's settling 
 amongst them in the work of the ministry, in order to his encourage- 
 ment thereunto they voted and granted to allow him an hundred pounds 
 per year and the free use of all the parsonage lands and houses during 
 his continuance amongst them in the work of the ministry if he shall 
 come and settle amongst them. And for his further encouragement (in 
 order for his procuring of a settled habitation in the town) the town 
 granted moreover to give him one hundred pounds, and to pay the same 
 within five years after his coming and settling amongst us, after the rate 
 of twenty pounds per year. [Wethersfield Records.] 
 
 From this record it appears that Mr. Rowlandson was not 
 settled as colleague to the Rev. Gershom Bulkeley, although 
 all Lancaster's historians and John Langdon Sibley have so 
 alleged. Mr. Bulkeley had asked and received dismission 
 before Mr. J^owlandson's settlement in Wethersfield, and had 
 removed to Glastonbury where he practiced as a physician. 
 
 Nov. 28, 1678 it was agreed and voted that Mrs. Rowlandson 
 
 shall have allowed for this present year, Mr. Rowlandson's whole year's 
 rate, and what was formerly promised, — which in all will amount to six 
 score pounds, and from henceforth the Town shall allow the said Mrs. 
 Rowlandson thirty pounds per year so long as she shall remain a widow 
 amongst us. [Wethersfield Records.] 
 
 TOWN-MEETING RECORD, 1686. 
 
 124. The following memorandum of the action of a 
 town-meeting (proprietors') in the hand-writing of John 
 Houghton, was found upon a scrap of paper in 1885: 
 
MASSACHUSETTS. 21 
 
 Town Meeting 
 Monday the 16 day of August 1686 the town met at the meeting 
 house. 3ly. Seueral of the Inhabitance on the east side the Riuer pro- 
 pounded for a way to Goodman Prescotts Corne mill to ly ouer the Riuer 
 at the Scar. Goodman Prescott told the town that if they would Grant 
 him about twenty acres of Land upon the mill Brook Lying aboue his 
 own Land for his convaniancy of preserving water against a time of 
 drought he was willing the town should haue a way to the mill throw his 
 Land. John Prescott hath a piece of Land laid out to him by a Commit- 
 tee appoynted to that end to Lay out a highway from the Scar to the 
 mill threw John Prescott's Land, and the Land allowed him in Lew of it 
 Lyeth on the mill Brook near to the South Meadow bounded north and 
 east by his own Land and South and Southeast by Common Land. A 
 discription whareof was Red before the town the 6th of February 1687/8, 
 and ordered to be Recorded. 
 
 Recorded this gth of February 1687/8. pr me 
 
 John Houghton Recorder 
 
 [Also recorded in Middlesex Registry, XII, 117.] 
 
 The northern portion of High Street in Clinton occupies 
 in part the location of this way to the Prescott mill, which 
 remained in use until 1742, when it was abandoned and the 
 bridge built at the South Lancaster mills, on the site now 
 used. 
 
 LANCASTER PROPRIETORS, 1688. 
 
 127. Among the papers of Jonathan Wilder, Joseph 
 Willard found an ancient memorandum with the caption: 
 "List of those who subscribed to the minister's house in 
 1688." This heading, and the quaint phrase in which the 
 simple legal transfer of the new parsonage to Mr. Whiting 
 by the town-meeting of January 3, 1690, was recorded, ("And 
 the town the same time went out of the house and gave Mr 
 John Whiting possession thereof"), seem to have strangely 
 misled one of our historians. On page 160 of Rev. Abijah 
 P. Marvin's History of Lancaster the episode is curiously 
 expanded into: — a general subscription; the planting of 
 many shade-trees; a "red letter" day with "a large gather- 
 ing of parents and children;" "a feast of fat things and the 
 voice of song and prayer," etc.; in short, into a combination 
 of picnic, house-warming, prayer-meeting and donation 
 party, neither substantiated by any evidence nor congruous 
 
22 
 
 ANNALS OF LANCASTER, 
 
 with the habitude of the times or with local conditions. 
 There was no incentive to popular subscription, since colon- 
 ial law compelled the town to provide a habitation for their 
 minister or compound with him, "allowing him a competent 
 and reasonable sum to provide for himself so long as he shall 
 continue with them." The fact that this list includes the 
 names of several who had at that date been long in their 
 graves, and of others non-resident, proves that it is only the 
 constable's rate-list, naming all estates liable for the support 
 of the ministry in 1688. The list is here given, the names of 
 persons deceased in 1688 being marked *, and those of non- 
 residents, so far as known, f : 
 
 John Moore Sen' 
 Thos Sawyer Sen'. 
 Thos Wilder 
 Sergt John Moore 
 Ralph Houghton 
 Josiah White 
 John Sawyer 
 John Roper* 
 John Warner 
 George Newby 
 George Hewes 
 Daniel Hudson 
 Richard West 
 John Priest 
 James Atherton 
 Nath' Wilder 
 John Rugg Sen. 
 John Rugg Jr. 
 Eph'" Roper* 
 Peter Joslin 
 John Bush 
 Josiah Whitcomb 
 Nath'. Wilson 
 John Glazier 
 James Houghton 
 Henry Willard 
 Joshua Atherton 
 
 Zebediah Wheeler 
 John Wilder 
 Gamaliel Beman 
 John Beman 
 James Snow 
 John Houghton 
 John Willard 
 Benjamin Willard 
 Jeremiah Wilson 
 John Prescott 
 Joseph Houghton 
 Jonas Houghton 
 Robt Houghton 
 John Hinds 
 Widow Houghton 
 Thos Sawyer Jr. 
 Caleb Sawyer 
 Abraham Wheeler 
 Isaac Wheeler 
 John Hutson 
 Wm Hutson 
 Joseph Waters 
 Cyprian Stevens 
 Samuel Snmner 
 Christopher Lewis 
 Isaac Lewis 
 
 Matthew Stone 
 Arthur Tooker 
 Samuel Wheeler 
 Simon Gates"!" 
 Barachiah Lewis! 
 Nathi Walest 
 Jona. Willard"!" 
 Lawrence Waters* 
 Edmund Parker"!" 
 Thos Swiftt 
 Jona Prescottt 
 John Rigbyt 
 Capt Henry Carleyt 
 Archelaus Courser* 
 Daniel Gaines* 
 John Bailey"!" 
 Dea. Roger Sumnerf 
 Nath' Joslint 
 Mordecai McLoad* 
 Henry Joslint 
 Jerem'' Rogers* 
 John Divoll* 
 George Adamsf 
 Benj Allen* 
 Mr. Geo. Robinsont 
 John Pope! 
 
; MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 23 
 
 GARRISONS OF LANCASTER IN 1692. 
 The Scttlmt of the Garrison at Lancaster, i8th. /. i6gi-2. 
 
 i) Josiah White and 
 
 Thomas Pope 
 
 James Holton [Houghton] 
 
 Joseph Holton 
 
 John Hudson 
 
 James Hudson 
 
 James Atherton 
 
 Matthew Stone 
 
 and Two Souldiers. 10 men 
 2) Philip Goss and with him 
 
 John More 
 
 John Bemon 
 
 Peter Joslin 
 -.» Jonathan Whitcomb 
 
 George Hues 
 --jCyprian Stevens 
 
 Jno. Prescott with 
 
 their familys. g men. 
 
 Thomas Sawyer and Sawyer's 
 men. 
 
 Abraham Wheeler 
 
 Isaac Wheeler 
 
 Caleb Sawyer Sen"". 
 
 Thomas Sawyer 
 
 Nathaniel Sawyer 
 
 Jonathan Fairbanks 
 
 James Frost 
 
 John Darbyshire with 
 
 their familys. 11 men. 
 
 3- 
 
 74 men 
 
 (4) Nathaniel Wilder and 
 
 John Sawyer 
 
 Jabez Fairbanks 
 
 Mr Samuel Carter 
 
 Mr John Whiting 
 
 with their familys. 8 itien. 
 (15) Ephraim Roper and 
 
 Jno Rugg 
 
 Jno Rugg Jun\ 
 
 Joseph Rugg. 4 men 
 
 Daniel Hudson and his two sons 
 J. men must repair to them in 
 [time] of danger. At present 
 they may continue in their own 
 house it having a good Fort. 
 
 (6) Lieut Thomas Wilder and 
 John Hinds 
 
 Robert Holton 
 
 James Snow 
 
 Jonas Holton 
 
 Jeremiah Wilson 
 
 Jno. Holton 
 
 Jno. Wilder 
 
 Gamaliel Bemon 
 
 with their familys. /j men. 
 
 (7) Ensign John More 
 Nathaniel Wilson 
 Richard West 
 Josiah Whitcomb 
 
 and their familys. 8 tneti. 
 
 (8) Henry Willard and 
 Joshua Atherton 
 John Priest 
 
 John Warner and 
 Two Souldiers, with their familys 
 8 men. 
 
 The above list is from a manuscript found by John Far- 
 mer, Esq. It was printed in the New England Historical 
 and Genealogical Register for October, 1889. Garrison No. 
 I was upon the east side of the Neck, probably where Nathan- 
 iel C. Hawkins now lives. No. 2 was near the Sprague 
 
24 ANNALS OF LANCASTER, 
 
 bridge; Philip Goss lived on the site of the Rowlandson gar- 
 rison of 1676, opposite the Middle Cemetery, and Cyprian 
 Stevens on the site of the Major Simon Willard garrison in 
 the grounds occupied by the late Caleb T. Symmes, Esq. 
 No. 3 was in South Lancaster, Thomas Sawyer owning the 
 lands on the west side of the main street, between the Nar- 
 row Lane and Flagg Street. His house probably stood near 
 the site of the dwelling on the south corner of Prescott and 
 Main Streets. No. 4 was upon George Hill, near the site of 
 the Symonds and King trucking-house, the first home of 
 John Prescott, now occupied by the Maplehurst stables. 
 Rev. John Whiting's residence was in the grounds now occu- 
 pied by Eugene V. R. Thayer. No 5 was upon the hill just 
 above and west from the George Hill school-house, perhaps 
 on the site of the house now standing there. Daniel Hudson 
 lived where the Thayer farm-house, now occupied by William 
 A. Kilbourn, stands. Hudson was a brickmaker, and dug 
 clay for his bricks beside the highway a few rods east of the 
 bridge over Roper's Brook. Both Roper's and Hudson's 
 houses were burned by the Indians in the surprise of Sep- 
 tember II, 1797. Some graves in the field, a few rods north 
 from the school-house, visible in the early part of this cen- 
 tury, were supposed to be those of victims in the Roper gar- 
 rison massacre. No. 6 was upon the Old Common in the 
 grounds now owned by the state. No. 7 was in what is now 
 Bolton, on the east slope of Wataquadock, but its exact loca- 
 tion is not known. No. 8 was at Still River village, and in- 
 cluded the house now standing owned by William B. Haskell. 
 
 MRS. DOCTRESS WHITCOMB AND JONAS 
 FAIRBANKS. 
 
 133. Mrs. Mary (Hayward) Fairbank married David 
 Whitcomb May 31, 1700. She claimed the acquisition dur- 
 ing her captivity of valuable knowledge about Indian reme- 
 dies and the medicinal virtues of plants, and became well 
 known around Lancaster as " Mrs. Doctress Whitcomb*" 
 
 The author of the Fairbanks Family in America denies 
 that Jonathan had two children slain in the massacre of 
 
MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 25 
 
 September ii, 1697, or that he had a son Jonas. Rev. Tim- 
 othy Harrington explicitly states that among those killed 
 that day were "Jonathan Fairbank and two children." A 
 prominent parishioner of Mr. Harrington's, living in 1753, 
 when his Century Sermon was delivered, was Colonel Oliver 
 Wilder, who married Mary, the youngest daughter of Jona- 
 than Fairbank. He would hardly have permitted an impor- 
 tant error concerning his wife's family to go uncorrected. A 
 gravestone records that Jonathan and his daughter Grace 
 "deceased September the 11, 1697;" beside this stands a 
 stone inscribed "Jonas Fairbanks who deceased September 
 the 13th, 1697." This Jonas, the genealogist alleges, was 
 probably a brother of Jonathan, a resident of Watertown, 
 aged twenty-four, but no proof of this supposition is found. 
 The births of Jonathan's children are nowhere recorded. 
 
 REV. JOHN JONES. 
 
 137, 340. Rev. John Jones must have served several 
 months in the Lancaster pulpit, for the province treasurer's 
 accounts, 1697/8, contain this entry; 
 
 Paid Mr John Jones whom y*' Town of Lancaster have procured to 
 be their minister (upon consideration of the damage lately done by the 
 Indians unto sd. Town, their minister being slain, for their encouragem' 
 and enabling sd Town to gett another) allowed by y'^ General Assembly. 
 20^ [Province Laws, VII.] 
 
 BEAUCOURT'S ASSAULT. 
 
 Boston ult. July 1704. 
 146. Sr. This morning before day a considerable number of the 
 enemy set upon Lancaster in the county of Middlesex, where besides the 
 inhabitants I have a company of musqueteers, and presuming upon the 
 notice given by the French deserter at Deerfield that the enemy would 
 give mee the go-by there, I had ordered two hundred men more to sd 
 Lancaster on Saturday evening, who I hope will be there this evening, 
 and God can give us success if he pleases. That I pray of you now is 
 imediately to direct your forces upon the frontiers to march into the 
 woods upon their track and lay wayte for them in their return; they can- 
 not be above 200 men so that the force at Hadly must needs be enough 
 to meet them. I have no notice but of an half hour of their assault of 
 the first garrison next the woods [Nathaniel Wilder's]; what impression 
 they may make I know not, but have within the line the great towns of 
 Concord and Sudbury all ready to march and gone before this time; but 
 
26 ANNALS OF LANCASTER, 
 
 doubt not they may be intercepted weary in their march homeward, and 
 it is impossible to miss their track if you cross to the northward. I have 
 no oppertunity to Hadly; if you please to express this letter to C" Par- 
 tridge, let him march of company in the country what he can possibly in 
 this conjuncture. & this is his order for the same. 
 
 I am Sr, your humble ser't. J. Dudley 
 
 [Letter of Governor Joseph Dudley to Governor Fitz John Winthrop, printed in 
 Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 6th series, III, 248.] 
 
 Boston, August 4th, 1704. 
 146. Hono'^''^ Sir: — His Excellency our Governour being absent 
 in business has commanded me to acquaint your Honour that on Mon- 
 day the 31st of July past, early in the morning, the enemy in a numerous 
 body of them or four hundred (being the same that came from Mont 
 Real) insulted Lancaster, one of our frontiers in Middlesex, furiously 
 assaulting six or seven garrisons at once; but finding the inhabitants on 
 their duty and well provided to receive them, and auxiliaries from the 
 neighbouring towns comeing in speedily to their assistance, they were 
 obliged in a few hours time to draw off, having made no further impres- 
 sion on the town than the burning of some few deserted houses, killing 
 four of our men; three whereof were slain in a skirmish they had with 
 them on the open field, in which it is concluded the enemy suffered a 
 great loss, besides what they suffered from the garrisons. They also 
 killed some cattle of which they got onely one meal, tooke no booty at 
 all; In the pursuit our souldiers found several plots of blood in their 
 stands. They continue still hovering in those woods and keep the posts 
 alarmed ISA. Addington. 
 
 [Letter of Secretary Addington to Fitz John Winthrop, printed in Mass. Hist. Soc. 
 Coll., 6th series, HI, 252.] 
 
 JOHN DAVIS. 
 
 149. The Groton man slain and scalped by the Indians 
 October 24, 1704, was not Samuel Davis, but his son John. 
 
 INQUEST AT DEATH OF REV. ANDREW GARDNER. 
 
 150. Lancaster, October y" 28, 1704. 
 
 We y'= subscribers being sumoned by John Warner Constable of said 
 Lancaster to appeare (before Capt Jonathan Prescott one of the Coroners 
 of said County of Middlesex) at the house of Mr Andrew Gardner in said 
 Lancaster, on Saterday ye 28 day of October, betwixt y" hours of 12 & 
 one a clock after noone of a Jury of enquest, to make enquiry upon y^ 
 Veiw of ye body of y'^ said Mr Andrew Gardner theire Lying Dead, how 
 & in what maner he came to his death, have accordingly veiwed y" said 
 dead body of Mr Andrew Gardner & examined y'' evidences appearing 
 namely: Tho Sawyer Jur, Jabez Fairbank, Jonathan Pidge & Mrs Mary 
 Bayley, we find the said dead body shot through the breast, & out at the 
 back, which shot we apprehend the sole cause of his death; «& as to the 
 
MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 27 
 
 maner of it, we find upon examination of Samuell Prescott of said Lan- 
 caster, that y'" said Sam" Prescott being upon ye watch at y" said house 
 of Mr Andrew Gardner, on y'' 26 of ye Instant in y" night, and not know- 
 ing of any person being abroad but suposing all ye family in their beds, 
 the said Sam" Prescott walking within y* fort, sudenly espied y" said Mr 
 Andrew Gardner coming downe out of y<' uper flanker & he, said Pres- 
 cott, being surprised taking him for an Indian Enemy, the said Prescott 
 declared he sudenly made a shot at sd Mr Gardner v/hich Ave apprehend 
 y" sole cause of his death as above said, [but ye said Mr Andrew Gard- 
 ner coming to ye door of his house called to.]* therefore by what we find 
 we apprehend y'^ said Samuel Prescott not guilty. 
 
 Jonathan Prescott Co7'oner. L.S. 
 
 John Houghton Sr. Foreman Thomas Wilder 
 JosiAH White Caleb Sawyer 
 
 JosiAH Whetcomb John Priest 
 
 Jonathan Moore John Wilder 
 
 Robert Houghton James Wilder 
 
 John Wilder Jeremiah Wilson 
 
 Jonas Houghton John Houghton Junr, 
 
 * The words in brackets are crossed in original. 
 
 [Suffolk Court Files, No. 6246.] 
 
 REV. JOHN PRENTICE. 
 
 165. Rev. John Prentice lived in the parsonage which 
 had been the home of his two unfortunate predecessors. 
 This stood facing the south, at least one hundred feet from 
 the highway, on what is now the lawn of Eugene V. R. 
 Thayer's residence. His first wife, Mary (Gardner), dying 
 March 9, 1718, on November 11 of the same year he married 
 at Charlestown the widow Prudence (Foster) Swan. The 
 second Mrs. Prentice proved a very efficient helpmate, add- 
 ing to her husband's meagre salary the profits of a little shop 
 by the roadside near and south of the house, where for many 
 years she retailed such merchandise as the neighborhood 
 required. 
 
 FRONTIER SCOUTS. 
 
 172. The "Dangerous Circumstances" of the frontiers at 
 this time are illustrated by the following records: 
 
 A Muster Roll of a scout consisting of six men in her Majesty's Ser- 
 vice within the Town of Lancaster containing an Accompt of Wages for 
 this Service from the 25th of August to the 20th of November 1710, 
 amounting to Twenty Pounds and Ten Shillings, examined by Mr Com. 
 
28 
 
 ANNALS OF LANCASTER. 
 
 missary General. Presented and Advised and Consented, That a War- 
 rant be made out thereupon to the Treasurer to pay the above sum of 
 Twenty Pounds and Ten Shillings to Capt. Thomas Wilder, Captain of 
 Lancaster for and in behalfe of the six Centinels therein named. They 
 
 being under his Command. 
 
 [Minutes of Council Mass. Archives, LXXXI.] 
 
 Tune 12, 1712. Resolved that the sum of Forty Shillings be allowed 
 
 and paid out of the Publick Treasury to NatW^ Wilder towards Paying 
 
 for cure of a. Wound received of the Enemy. 
 
 [Court Records, IX, 202.] 
 
 PROPRIETORS OF ADDITIONAL GRANT. 
 
 174. The original records of the proprietors of the "Ad- 
 ditional Grant" are preserved with the archives of Leomin- 
 ster. The contract therein engrossed has slight verbal 
 differences from the copy in the Lancaster records. The 
 names of the signers, ninety-nine in number, are as follows: 
 
 John Prentice 
 David Whetcomb — 
 Jonas Houghton Ju'' 
 John Houghton Sen"^ 
 John Harress 
 Jonathan Wheeller 
 Joseph Houghton 
 Edward Hartwell 
 Bezaleel Sawyer 
 Thomas Wilder Sen-- 
 Joshua Atherton 
 Matthew Stone 
 Henry Willard 
 Josiah White Jun'' 
 James Snow 
 John Willard 
 Gabriel Priest 
 Ephraim Wilder 
 Ebenezer Beaman 
 James Atherton Jun'' 
 Joseph Hutchins 
 James Houghton 
 Benjamin Houghton 
 Peter Joslin 
 Jonathan Willard 
 Joseph Fairbank 
 William Sawyer 
 William Houghton 
 
 Jonathan Moor 
 Samuell Carter 
 Thomas Carter 
 Nathaniel Wilder 
 Benjamin Bellows 
 John Whetcomb 
 Samuel Willard 
 Jonathan Sawyer 
 Josiah Willard 
 John Moore 
 John Beaman Jun'' 
 Gamaliel Beaman 
 Ebenezer Wilder 
 Jonas Houghton Sen'' 
 John Goss 
 Jacob Houghton 
 Joseph Wheelock 
 John Warner Sen^ 
 John Warner Jun' 
 Henry Houghton 
 William Blodgett 
 Joseph Brabrook 
 Josiah Sautell 
 Josiah Whetcomb Jur 
 •John Kendall 
 Benjamin Harress 
 Joseph Willard 
 Elias Sawyer 
 
 Jabez Fairbank 
 John White 
 Samuel Warner 
 Hooker Osgood Sen'' 
 Daniell Priest 
 Jonathan Houghton 
 Hezekiah Willard 
 John Beaman Sen'" 
 Robert Houghton Sen"" 
 George Glazier 
 John Prescott Ju'' 
 Thomas Wilder Ju'' 
 JolinX«yes 
 John Johnson 
 Ebenezer Prescott 
 William Divoll 
 Simon Steevens 
 Hezakiah Whetcomb 
 Caleb Sawyer 
 Samuell Gibbs 
 Samuel Bennitt Sen'' 
 John Wilder Jun''. 
 John Bowers 
 Robert Houghton Ju'' 
 Josiah Wheeller 
 Oliver Wilder 
 John Priest 
 Joseph Sawyer 
 
MASSACHUSETTS. 29 
 
 Josiah White Sen'' John Wilder Sen' Jonathan Whetcomb 
 
 Mary Wilder Widow Thomas Sawyer Richard Wilder 
 
 Jonathan Wilder Nathaniell Sawyer Edivard Phelps 
 
 James Wilder Joseph Wilder Jeremiah Willson Sen"' 
 
 Thomas Ross Thomas Tooker John Houghton Jun'. 
 
 TOWN-MEETING RECORDS, 1714. 
 
 175. The following- memoranda of town-meeting action 
 are upon scraps of paper in the second John Houghton's 
 handwriting, found among Joseph Willard's papers: 
 
 Monday ye first of feb'y. 1713/14. Y« Inhabitants of Lancas- 
 ter met at ye Meeting House being y** Publique Towne Meeting accord- 
 ing to former order & custome of y'' Towne to Consider & Determine of 
 Matters reffering to Land & other Concerns Proper for said Meeting: 
 first chose John Beaman y^' moderator. Sam Benitt desires ye Towne 
 to Give him some Land neer adjoining to his own Land where he is 
 about to build a Sawmill. 2 proposition. Benj. Bellows Desires the 
 Towne to grant him y" Liberty of Improving y" Towne Land & highway 
 through Swan Swamp for some considerable time; that may Respond 
 his Labour in Cleering said Land which he is willing to be obliged to 
 do; & in Case he may have ye Improvement of y'= Land & Libertie to 
 set & keep up Gates at ye entry of ye swamp on each side — this was 
 voted in ye Negative, ^ly. John Houghton Sen"-. Desires y'= Towne to 
 Let him have ye entervale formerly granted to Daniel Gains above y* 
 red spring; or some other Land that may be equivalent in Lieu of said 
 Gaines second Division of Intervale; also desires the Towne would sig- 
 nifie their Minds whether or no they will let him have the 85 acres of up- 
 land which he formerly laid out adjoining to said Intervale 4. George 
 Crocker desires y'= Towne to give him 50 acres of Land upon Rasonable 
 tcrmes to be laid out to him in ye undivided Land where he may find it 
 most convenient. 5. Jonathan Moore Desires y** Towne to Consider 
 his Circumstances Reffering to y'' Lott which upon Ensigne Moores Re- 
 quest, was Granted for Joseph Moor & after his Death, it was Desired it 
 might be for Jonathan Moor & he hath paid ye Charge of ever since, as 
 Long as any Persons paid for Lotts; which Lott is probable to be in 
 Controversie whether he shall hold it or no. The towne voted not to 
 concern themselves with it. 6. he Desires the Towne to give him Lib- 
 ertie to make a dam upon Wataquadock brook above y'^ bridge on Marl- 
 borough road & in order to build a corne mill; and to Let ye highway 
 ly below or over ye Dam & Round Mordicas medow & he will make y'= 
 way good at the head of y*' medow and over y'' brook upon his own 
 charge, this proposition was granted by a vote of y^ Towne. 7. A 
 proposition was made for a highway cross from y^ highway to y® medows 
 that Lyeth up Nashaway River by ye pond to ye New Sawmill; which 
 was then granted by a vote of ye Towne. 8. Jonathan Sawyer desired 
 
30 
 
 ANNALS OF LANCASTER. 
 
 ye Towne to grant him ten acres of Land at the northerly side of the 
 Land of his Honor"* father Caleb Sawyer, but it was negative. As to 
 Sam", benitts proposition one Reason he gave was because his Interval 
 Lot at ponakin wanted measure & then the Towne appointed Capt. Jos- 
 lin & John Houghton Jr to go & view it & make Report to the Towne. 
 
 The "new saw mill" above mentioned was probably that 
 of Joseph Sawyer, situate in what is now Boylston; and this 
 record seems to be proof that the site of "Sawyer's Mills" 
 was utilized as early as 1713. The proprietors of Lancaster 
 confirmed to Sawyer, in 1720, lands upon both sides of the 
 river " where there is falls upon the River below a Great 
 Scar," and in Januar\', 1728, laid out lands to Joseph and 
 Thomas Sawyer "on a pine plain mostly adjoyning and 
 mostly above where Joseph Sawyer has built a Sawmill." 
 Aaron Sawyer, the son of Joseph, has been wrongly credited 
 by local annalists with the building of the first mill here. 
 
 Monday ye first of March 171 3/14. Ye Inhabitants of Lancaster 
 met at the Meetinghouse according to appointment & first chose Capt 
 Tho. Wilder moderator for sd meeting & then a warrant was Read for 
 choice of a Grand juror & the Constable accordingly warned y'= Towne 
 to choose one. 2. The Towne then proceeded to a Choice & Chose 
 Joseph Hutchins to sarve on y'' Grand Jury for y** yeare Insuing & then 
 chose Selectmen j. namely Capt Tho Wilder John Houghton Sen'' Capt 
 Peter Joslin Robert Houghton Sen"" & Hooker Osgood Sen'' Select Men 
 to serve for y"^ year ensuing. 4. The Towne voted to Choose 3 Consta- 
 bles to serve for ye yeare ensuing, vizt one upon y* west side of y'= River 
 & two on ye east side, & first Chose Samuel Carter, 2dly John Wilder Jr 
 & Joseph Wilder Constables for ye yeare Insuing. John Houghton Jr 
 Towne Clerk; Capt Thomas Wilder Towne Treasurer but he not ac- 
 cepting the Towne Proceeded to a new choice & then chose Capt. Peter 
 Joslin Town Treasurer; Edward Hartwell Joseph Houghton & Eben- 
 ezer Wilder surveiors for highways; John Wilder Sen. & Jabez ffairbank 
 Tything men; Hezekiah Townsend Sealer of Leather; John Keyes Jonas 
 Houghton Jur & Jonathan Houghton Assessors; Jonathan Sawyer Sam- 
 uel Willard John Buss Josiah Judd field Drivers & then a Letter was 
 Read from ye Selectmen of Watertown about theire bridge; & then sev- 
 erall of y^ Towne officers had y'= oath Administered to them, namely 
 John Wilder Jur. Joseph Wilder, Samuel Carter Constables, John Hough- 
 ton Jr. Town Clerk. 
 
 INDIANS AT WASHACUM, 1714. 
 
 1 75. A memorial was presented by Capt" Tho How of Marlboro of 
 the Disorders Committed by a small number of y^ Indians living at Wa- 
 
MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 31 
 
 shacum a place abl. five or six miles above Lancaster, frequently coming 
 into their Cornfields gathering and carrying away their corn in Consid- 
 erable Ouantitys and also killing their Horses in the Woods being a 
 Terror to ye women & children for fear of some Design, supposed to be 
 Albany Indians. 
 
 Advised that his Exceir>. be Desired to Acquaint Gov. Hunter 
 therewith and to take care effectually to restrain sd Disorders. And 
 that Capt". Tho. How Mr John Houghton and Lt Ephraim Wilder of 
 Lancaster be Directed to find out and Speake with the sd Indians and 
 make it certain who they are, treat them civilly and to forbid their com- 
 mitting any further Disorders. 
 
 [Minutes of Council, LXXXI, 858. Sept. 9, 1714.] 
 
 TRAINING FIELDS. 
 
 186. To the six-acre training field "below Thomas Saw- 
 yers door" is due the unusual breadth of South Lancaster 
 Street. February i, 1747/8, the proprietors voted to sell 
 this common "which was left for a training field, excepting 
 six rods wide for a private way a cross ye same," and it was 
 sold that year. The training field upon the Old Common was 
 never surrendered to the proprietors in fee and was partly 
 fenced in by Burrill Carnes when he purchased the Wilder 
 farm — now occupied b)' the state school — about 1795. A 
 part of it remained common until the State Industrial School 
 was here established. 
 
 TAHANTO'S LAND GRANT. 
 193. Sam' Bennet of Lancaster Testifies that he was with the 
 Indian, vizt. John Aquiticus when he showed the bounds of the land sold 
 to the Lancaster People by George Tahanto and other Indians, that the 
 said Aquiticus then told them they might go to Mashapaug Pond, and 
 that they should goe three miles wide at that end. 
 
 Saml X Bennet's mark 
 Lancaster, May 29th, 1720. 
 
 [Suffolk Court Files, No. 1434.] 
 
 INDIANS AT LANCASTER, 1722-3. 
 204. On Monday last a Woman at Lancaster, as she was at work 
 alone in the Field, was taken by Two Indians, one of which cou'd speak 
 English, andexamin'd her about the Indians lately taken and imprison'd 
 at Boston. After she had inform'd them that 8 of the Number were dis- 
 mis'd they cut off the Hair on one side of her Head, and order'd her to 
 lay it down in the Place where she had been at work, and come to them 
 again. The same Day some People who were searching for the Woman, 
 found her Hair lying in the Field and concluding she had been carried 
 
32 
 
 ANNALS OF LANCASTER, 
 
 away by the Indians, immediately raised some Men to go after them, 
 who came so near to them as to be within their Hearing; whereupon the 
 Indians stript the Woman and dismis'd her, who when she arriv'd at the 
 Garrison fainted away with over much Joy at her deliverance. The men 
 miss'd of the Indians by reason of the Thickness of the Woods. 
 
 [The New England Courant, Aug. 27, 1722.] 
 
 The "Indians imprisoned at Boston" had been appre- 
 hended near Lancaster. Proving to be men of a western 
 tribe on a hunting excursion, Lieutenant Jabez Fairbank of 
 Lancaster was detailed to conduct them to the Connecti- 
 cut River and dismiss them. 
 
 On Sunday the 22* past, a lad of about fifteen years of Age, being 
 out with his Gun at Nashaway discover'd an Indian wading over a River, 
 and fired on him. The Indian made his Escape, but 'tis since discov- 
 er'd that he was very much wounded, having been tracked by his Blood 
 for a considerable Distance from the River. 
 
 [The New England Courant, Oct. 7, 1723.! 
 
 RATE LISTS, 1723. 
 
 207. Among papers of Jonathan Wilder were found two 
 lists of names, one hundred and two in all, being the Lan- 
 caster rate payers in 1723 living east of the river, as invoiced 
 by Samuel Warner and Benjamin Bailey, two of the three 
 constables. The list of inhabitants west of the river assigned 
 to constable Edward Hartwell was unfortunately not found. 
 The first list, Warner's, embraces all who then lived in what 
 is now Harvard and the northerly part of Bolton. The oth- 
 er, Bailey's list, includs those dwelling on the Old Common 
 and in the Wataquadock region. 
 
 Samuel Willard 
 Hezek. Willard 
 Jos^ Willard 
 Joseph Atherton 
 John Warner 
 Jona. Willard 
 Mary Atherton 
 John Atherton 
 Jacob Houghton 
 Caleb Sawyer 
 Jacob Houghton Jr. 
 Elias Sawyer Jr. 
 
 Jona. Sawyer 
 
 Joseph Fairbank 
 
 Benja. Atherton Sen'' 
 
 John Nichols 
 >-J3avid Whitcomb 
 ■^ Jona. Whitcomb 
 
 Nath'. Hapgood 
 ■^Josiah Whitcomb 
 
 John Wilder 
 
 Josiah Wilder 
 
 Jonas Wilder 
 
 Shatuck Brooks 
 
 Seth Walker 
 
 Samuel Gibbs 
 Jona. Houghton 
 Richd. Wildes 
 Jabez Fairbanks 
 W™. Sawyer 
 Hez'\ Townsend 
 Gershom Houghton 
 Jona. Moore 
 Thos. Tooker 
 Jarnes Snow 
 Thos. Houghton 
 Hez'\ Snow 
 Benj. Wilson 
 
MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 33 
 
 Jonas Houghton Jr. 
 James Houghton 
 Josiah Houghton 
 Jonas Houghton 
 _Hezek. Whitcomb 
 Henry Houghton 
 Benj. Atherton 
 Daniel Houghton 
 Joseph Hutchins 
 Thomas Houghton 
 Benj. Bellows 
 John Houghton 
 Jerem''. Wilson 
 Sam'. Wilson 
 James Atherton 
 
 Whitney 
 
 John Whitney 
 Isaiah Whitney 
 Jona. Crouch 
 Sam'. Warner 
 Gabriel Priest 
 Joseph Priest 
 
 Sam'. Rogers 
 Sam'. Rogers Jr. 
 Henry Willard 
 Abra'». Willard 
 Henry Willard 
 James Willard 
 Edw^. Houghton 
 Ephr". Houghton 
 John Willard 
 Joseph Willard 
 John Priest 
 Samuel Chamberlain 
 John Sawyer 
 
 James Wilder 
 Bezaleel Sawyer 
 Thomas Wilder 
 Benj. Bailey 
 Rob'. Houghton 
 Jno. Moore 
 Jno. Houghton Esq 
 Joseph Sawyer 
 
 Jno. Beaman 
 Saml. Rugg 
 Joshua Wheeler 
 Thos. Whitney 
 Jerem*". Holman 
 Jeremiah Holman 
 Jas. Keyes 
 Benj. Wheeler 
 Jerm"" Wilson 
 Josiah Wheeler 
 James Butler 
 Eb--. PoUey 
 John Wallis 
 Josiah Houghton 
 Eliezar Houghton 
 Nathan Hawood 
 Ebr. Wilder 
 Joseph Wilder 
 W". Houghton 
 Benj. Clark 
 
 JUDGE JOSEPH WILDER. 
 
 214. Lancaster, March 29. Died here greatly lamented in the 
 74th. Year of his Age, and was decently interr'd on the 31st, the Honour- 
 able JOSEPH WILDER Esq: — He was a Gentleman of fine Genius; 
 and acted with Integrity and Honour in Church, on the Bench, and at 
 the Council Board; — He was a Father to the Poor; a Lover of good 
 Men; a Friend to his Country, to Truth and Virtue — He was pleasant 
 and entertaining in Conversation; And in domestic Life kind, instruc- 
 tive & exemplary. 
 
 [The Boston Weekly News-Letter, Thursday, April 14, 1757.] 
 
 CAPTAIN JOHN WHITE. 
 
 228. We are informed of the death of Captain John White of Lan- 
 caster a man of religion, probity, courage, and conduct, and hearty in 
 the service of his Country against the Indian enemy. 
 
 [The Boston Nevvs-Letter, Sept. g, 1725.] 
 
 RALPH HOUGHTON. 
 
 251. Ralph Holton a member of y'^ Church of Lancaster in full 
 communion; a settled Inhabitant and householder above 24 years of 
 age, desires to be a freeman of this Collony. 
 
 May 18, 1668 Attested By Simon Willard 
 Admitted to freedome 18 . . 3 mo. . 68, per Curriam. E R Secy. 
 
 [Mass. Archives, C VI, 4S6.] 
 
34 ANNALS OF LANCASTER, 
 
 Ralph Houghton died in Milton, April 15, 1705, aet. 82. 
 He is thought to have been a son of Sir Richard Houghton 
 of Houghton Tower, Lancashire. The above record proves 
 that although he had served the town as clerk for twelve 
 years, he was not qualified under colonial law to vote for 
 magistrate or legislator. 
 
 THE CALF PASTURE. 
 278. About one acre of Prescott's intervale was given a 
 name which clung to it until quite modern days. It was de- 
 scribed in 1686 thus: 
 
 near the meeting of the rivers, the sd land lying on the west side 
 
 of the river (sd river) almost running round the said land, which is 
 known by the name of the Calf Pasture. [Middlesex Registry, XXIV, 38.] 
 
 In 1730 another transfer of this lot occurred, when it was 
 described as: — 
 
 one acre which formerly lay on the west side of the river in a 
 
 nook of it, and it was called the Calf pasture, but said nook being dug 
 across, the river now runneth there. [Middlesex Registry, XXX, 345.] 
 
 The old bed of the river surrounding the acre remains 
 distinctly visible near, and north of, the Atherton bridge. 
 
 OFFICIALS. 
 
 337. William Stedman was riot elected an Executive 
 Councillor. 
 
 338. Ralph Houghton was again made Clerk of the Writs. 
 
 April 6, 1686. Ralph Houghton is appointed by this Court to be 
 Clarke of the Writts for Lancaster and Cyprian Steevens is dismissed 
 from that office. [Middlesex Records. C.C.P., IV, 221.] 
 
 Cyprian Stevens was reappointed under Dudley, October 
 19, 1686, to take account of births and deaths and "to act in 
 said ofifice according to the order of the President and 
 Council." 
 
 339. John Houghton's long service as clerk proves not 
 to have been continuous as stated. John Houghton, Jr., was 
 elected in 1714, as the memoranda of town-meeting action 
 discovered since 1884, and printed on a previous page, prove. 
 The absence of any records makes it impossible to say 
 whether he served for one or several years. 
 
MILITARY ANNALS 
 
 LANCASTER, MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 11, 12. COLONEL JOHN PRESCOTT. 
 
 JOHN PRESCOTT is styled "Colonel" in Council Rec- 
 *-^ ords, July 7, 1740, and elsewhere, but Daniel Goffe held 
 the senior commission as captain. Five of the ten compan- 
 anies raised in Massachusetts were sent in the West Indian 
 expedition of 1740. John Winslow, the fifth captain, re- 
 ceived Governor Belcher's certificate for want of the king's 
 commission. 
 
 SIEGE OF LOUISBURG. 
 
 22. [May] 18. [1745] Saturday Capt. Peirce kill'd this Day 
 
 by a Cannon Ball Thr°. his Bowels, he Livd a Qu^ of an hour and then 
 Died — his Death is Greately Lamented, 
 
 [September] 6*''. [1745.] Fryday about 8 in y" morning Died Capt. 
 Warner The Lord Sanctify his holy hand att 5 O' the Clock we 
 Buryed him with a Great Deal of honour & Respect a Part of all or 
 Cheif of y'^ Com^ in y'^ Regiment attended y'' funer'. Under arms the 
 Souldiers warlk foremost with their arm[s] in funeral Posture next y®. 
 Drummers next y". Cap"^ next y" Corp[se] Behind walkt y<=. General 
 Colo Willard at his Left hand next all the Col"^ 
 
 [Diary of Lieut. Dudley Bradstreet.] 
 
 Captain Peirce was that Joshua Peirce, housewright, who 
 at the age of twenty-two years enlisted for the Carthagena 
 
36 MILITARY ANNALS OF LANCASTER, 
 
 expedition of 1740, from Lancaster, with Captain John Pres- 
 cott. Lieutenant Dudley Bradstreet was of Groton, and 
 served in Captain John Warner's company. He incidentally 
 mentions in his diary the names of forty enlisted men. Of 
 these, the following were probably Lancaster soldiers: 
 
 John Croofoot — Creford m Lancaster records — died No- 
 vember 28, 1745. 
 
 John Dakin, died August 19, 1745. 
 
 Sergeant Goodfrey. 
 
 Benjamin Stearns. 
 
 Sergeant Woods [Joseph?], died August 21, 1745. 
 
 Sergeant John Wright, died December 12, 1745. 
 
 Matthew Wyman. 
 
 FITCH'S GARRISON. 
 
 24. The story of the Indian raid upon the Fitch garri- 
 son is told in Torrey's History of Fitchburg, in Marvin's His- 
 tory of Lancaster, and in the Boston News Letter for July 
 18, 1748. The first named author gives a wrong date to the 
 tragedy, the second copies one error and adds another of his 
 own, while Fitch's petition to the General Court corrects 
 some mistakes in the News Letter's account. This petition 
 has been printed in a sketch of Ashby in the History of 
 Middlesex County, 1890, I, 309. Like most traditions, "Sur- 
 dody's Vengeance" rests upon very dubious foundations. 
 
 CAPTAIN GERSHOM FLAGG. 
 
 32. Captain Gershom Flagg was in the service as early 
 as 1746, this fact being attested by an elaborately carved 
 powder-horn preserved in the Memorial Hall of Lancaster, 
 upon which is inscribed his name. He was then at Amos- 
 keag. 
 
 CAPTIVES, 1757. 
 
 59. Among captives at Fort William Henrj/ in 1757 who 
 survived and returned to Lancaster were: "Joseph Church 
 son of Joshua," and "Lynn Jock negro of Nathaniel Whitte- 
 
 more. [Minutes of Council, IV, 304 and 320.] 
 
MASSACHUSETTS. 37 
 
 SAWYER'S BAY. 
 
 82. A batteau under command of Lieutenant Kphraim 
 Sawyer was wrecked upon Grand Isle, Lake Champlain, in a 
 gale, August 14, 1760, when Joseph Stewart was drowned. 
 Sawyer attained the rank of lieutenant-colonel in the Revo- 
 lution, and when the war was over he removed from Lancas- 
 ter to Grand Isle, where he died in 1813, aged ninety-four 
 years. His place of residence gave name to Sawyer's Bay. 
 
 BUNKER HILL. 
 
 123. Captain Abner Cranson's company was also in the 
 action at Bunker Hill, and his ensign, Benjamin West, was 
 
 killed. [Mass. Archives, CLXXXII, 201.] 
 
 There is a tradition among the descendants of Major 
 Ephraim Sawyer that he was sent in command of the com- 
 panies of Col. Asa Whitcomb's regiment that were ordered 
 to reinforce Prescott. 
 
 SIEGE OF BOSTON. 
 
 136. Sunday March 10. [Dorchester, 1776.]. .. .Four men, some 
 say five, were killed by the enemy's cannon, and by one ball; They were 
 sitting round a fire on the hill. 
 
 [Diary of Ezekiel Price, Mass. Hist. Soc. Proc, 1863, p. 242.] 
 
 137. Wednesday, Aug. 7, [Boston.] Colonel Sergeant's and Whit- 
 comb's regiments set off on their march for Crown Point. [Idem.] 
 
 An interesting itinerary of Colonel Whitcomb's three 
 weeks' march to Ticonderoga is given in the Journal of Eb- 
 enezer Wild, printed in the Proceedings of the Massachusetts 
 Historical Society, second series, VI, 79-83. 
 
 CAPTAIN EAGER'S COMPANY. 
 
 164. The following rosters of militia companies led from 
 Lancaster in 1777 by Captain Fortunatus Eager fill a notice- 
 able gap in the printed records of the town's contributions 
 to the continental service in that year: 
 
38 
 
 MILITARY ANNALS OF LANCASTER, 
 
 Lancaster, April 3, 1777. 
 Militia Regiment of Foot Coinmanded by Coll. Josiah IVhittiey, a cofn- 
 pany whereof Capt. Fortunatus Eager Comjnanded who Marched to 
 Reenforce the army in the Persies under the Com7nand of his Exel- 
 ency General Washington and Continued in the Service Three 
 mofiths and Twenty-six Days in addition to Fourteen Days allowed 
 to Return Home. 
 
 Capt. Fortunatus Eager 
 Lieuts: Timo. Heywood 
 
 Sam". Joslin 
 Sergts: John Wheelock 
 Abel Phelps 
 Tho Clealand 
 Matthias Larkin 
 Corprils: Samuel Adams 
 Eph". Goss 
 Lemuel Fairbank 
 Jona. White 
 Drummer John Wheelock 
 Fifer John Wheelock Jr. 
 Aaron Rugg 
 Thos Kendall 
 Joseph Nowell 
 Reuben Rice 
 
 Nath". Haskell 
 Noah Crossman 
 Joshua Whitney 
 Israel Cook 
 Nathan Wilder 
 John Dole 
 Elihu Goss 
 John Stuart 
 Thomas Wright 
 Caleb Whetney 
 Enoch Roper 
 Nathan Burpee 
 Seth Ross 
 
 Benjamin Wilder de- 
 ceased in the service 
 Joel Chase 
 John Robhins 
 
 Aaron Willard 
 Titus Colburn 
 Sam" Woods 
 Peter Swears 
 Abner Haskell 
 Nathan Parmeter 
 Joshua Kendal 
 John Bennett 
 John Fletcher 
 Abijah Haskell 
 William Fairbank 
 Zebede Simon 
 Amos Brown 
 Sam" Churchell 
 John Hale 
 Isaac Tower 
 
 A Pay Roll of Capt. Fortunatus Eager s Company in Lt. Ephm. Saw- 
 yer s Regent of Massachusett s Bay Militia Who Marched as a Re- 
 inforcement for the Northern Army in October the 2d 1777 : [Service 
 25 days, including 8 for returning.] 
 
 Fortunatus Eager, Capt. 
 Elisha Sawyer, i^*. Lt. 
 Nath'. Sawyer, 2^ Lt. 
 William Wilder, i. Sert, 
 Ebenezer Pike, 2 Sert 
 William Kendal, 3 Do. 
 Timothy Kilburn, 4 Do 
 Jonathan Wilder i CorpI 
 Aaron Sawyer 2 Do 
 Phineas Fletcher 3 Do 
 Ebenezer Ross 4 Do 
 Eph'". Kendall, Drum. 
 William Kendall, Fife 
 Abell. Allen Private 
 
 Josiah Bennet " 
 
 Jacob Allen " 
 
 Isaac Rayner 
 Aaron Phelps 
 Simon Butler 
 Silas Thurston 
 Jacob Swears 
 Benj". Farmer 
 Sam" Jewet 
 Hen"". W. Farmer 
 Manasor Knight 
 Elihu Wilder 
 John Spafford 
 John Robbins 
 Seth Fairbanks 
 David Gary 
 Elijah Dressor 
 Oliver Bowker 
 
 Joshua Kendal 
 Oliver Moor 
 Jonathan Thompson 
 Stephen Goss 
 Thomas Blodgett 
 Enoch Roper 
 John Roper 
 Andrew Putnam 
 Josiah Cutting 
 Peter Prescott 
 John Willard 
 Joshua Piper 
 Tilly Richardson 
 Silas Rice 
 Elisha Rugg 
 John May 
 
MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 39 
 
 Paul Sawyer " Eph™ Powers Abel Richardson 
 
 Amos Sawyer " Nathan Nelson Nath. Houton 
 
 James Pratt " Josiah Person Jonathan Nelson 
 
 John Thurston " Joseph Palmer Nath' White 
 
 [Mass. Archives, Revolutionary Rolls, Vol. XIX, pp. 9 and 10.] 
 
 JOHN AND JAMES BATTEL. 
 
 180. [Providence, 1778.] 17 Oct, This afternoon at 2 O'clk. the 
 brigade was turned out, in order to attend the execution of John and 
 James Battel, soldiers in Colo. Shepard's regt. The criminals were 
 brought from the Provost under a strong guard. Their coffins were 
 borne just before them. The Dead March was played behind them. In 
 this manner they were brought to the place where they were to be exe- 
 cuted. When the brigade was paraded, the Criminals were brought in 
 front for every one to see them; after which their sentence was read, 
 which was to be shot. Their coffins were set down by the edge of their 
 graves. The men that were to be their executioners had their guns 
 loaded for that purpose and marched up within about a rod of the coffins. 
 The criminals were made to kneel down by the side of their coffins in 
 order to receive the fatal blow, but at the moment they were to be shot 
 their reprieves were read. The brigade marched back to our camp and 
 
 was dismissed. 
 
 [Ebenezer Wild's Diary, Massj Hist. Soc, Proc, 1890.] 
 
 EPHRAIM SAWYER AND SONS. 
 
 181. Lieutenant John Sawyer was quartermaster of the 
 Eighth Massachusetts regiment. Ensign James Sawyer 
 served in the Seventh, and February lo, 1781, was transferred 
 to the Tenth. They were sons of Lieutenal-colonel Ephraim 
 Sawyer, the major of the Lancaster regiment at Bunker Hill, 
 and three other sons of his — Captain Ephraim, Josiah and 
 Peter — also served in the patriot army. 
 
 WILLIAM DEPUTRON. 
 
 189. William Deputron's petition, found in Massachu- 
 setts Archives, CLXXXVII, 329, gives some facts of interest 
 regarding one of Lancaster's continental soldiers: 
 
 To the Honbl. Senate and House of Representatives. 
 
 W"' De Putron of Lancaster humbly shows that in the year seven- 
 teen hundred and seventy-six in Coll Hitchcock's Regiment then in the 
 Continental service, and on the 27th. Day of August in the same year 
 he was taken by the British troops under the Command of General Sir 
 William Howe in Long Island; he was then confined in a close prion 
 
40 
 
 MILITARY ANNALS OF LANCASTER. 
 
 about a year, which was so loathsome and unhealthy and the prisoners 
 usage was so cruel that the greatest part of them died in a few months. 
 Your Petitioner suffered with firmness and patience untill his health and 
 strength were so exhausted that a longer confinement must have proved 
 certain death. He then consented to do duty in their service as the only 
 means of saving his life, and furnishing an opportunity of Returning to 
 his country. Your Petitioner being taken out of prison was sent into 
 Canada by the way of Halifax and up St Lawrence's River where he 
 was obliged to do duty about four years, having in that time no chance 
 of escape, untill he was marched to Mohawk River with design to attack 
 the American frontiers in that quarter: Your Petitioner on his coming 
 near the Inhabitants escaped from the british troops with the utmost 
 danger, came in and gave notice of the enemy's approach on the 4th of 
 November last. Your Petitioner when taken lost his arms and clothing 
 as mentioned hereafter, and also while with the british he was severely 
 treated and compelled to the hardest duty, he has received neither 
 money nor clothing for now three years past, whereof your Petitioner 
 most humble prays the Honble Court to take his case and misfortunes 
 into their wise and indulgent consideration, and be pleased to grant him 
 such pay and allowance as shall be a reasonable satisfaction for the in- 
 juries he has sustained merely in consequence of his enlisting into the 
 Continental service. William de Putron. 
 
 Lancaster Jany. loth 1782. 
 
 The petitioner was allowed 24;?^, full pay for his term of 
 service. Among unindexed files in the state archives there 
 were found in 1892 the receipts for 60^ bounty paid each of 
 five of the seven three years soldiers enlisted for Lancaster 
 under the final call of March i, 1782. Their names were: 
 Levi White, John Hannah, Archippus Wheelock, Moses 
 Dickerson and William Deputron. 
 
 LOYALISTS. 
 
 205. Captain Thomas Beaman and Dr. Nahum Willard 
 should not be omitted from the list of Lancaster's Loyalists. 
 Three companies of " his Majestj^'s loyal American subjects 
 residing in Boston," 1775, were organized under command of 
 Colonel Timothy Ruggles, and styled the Loyal American 
 Associates. Abijah Willard and Thomas Beaman were ap- 
 pointed by Governor Gage the captain and lieutenant of the 
 first company. Dr. Nahum Willard was an elder brother of 
 Abijah, born 1722, May 28, in Lancaster. He was a physi- 
 cian of high repute, in Worcester. John Adams boarded 
 
MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 41 
 
 with him while a teacher in that city. He was one of the 
 "52 protestors," was listed among the dangerous tories, lost 
 practice and prosperity, and died at Uxbridge, April 26, 1792. 
 
 SALTPETRE MANUFACTURE 
 
 211. Lancaster Decern. 8th. 1775. 
 
 These will certify that the Fifty pounds of salt-peter, herewith to be 
 exhibited to the General Court's Committee empowred to receive the 
 same was manufactured within this Town by Mr Levy Wilder one of 
 the inhabitants thereof, m Works by him prepared and well scituated 
 for carying on the said manufacture; that the said Salt peter has been 
 there vew'd by a majority of us the subscribers. 
 
 Wm Dunsmoor ^ c / / 
 Ebenezer Allen [ ^^^^^^'"^" 
 Samll. Thurston [ /^„^^,/.„ 
 Cyrus Fairbank J ^««^«-^^^^ 
 
 Lancaster, June 7, 1776. 
 Messiers Ephraim Bovvker and John Farrerof this Town upon Oath 
 before me declare that they have upon hand in their Possession eighty- 
 three Pounds of Salt Peter which was manufactured by them before the 
 first Day of June instant. Josiah Wilder, Jzis^. Peace 
 
 Lancaster, June 10, 1776. 
 
 William Kendal of this Town, maketh oath that he has now in his 
 
 Possession six Pounds of Salt Peter which was manufactured by him 
 
 before the first day of this Instant, before me 
 
 JosiAH Wilder, Just Peace 
 [Massachusetts Archives.] 
 
 228. Another notable refugee from Boston or vicinity, 
 who gained a permanent home in Lancaster, was Ebenezer 
 Bradish, Esq., a graduate of Harvard College in the class of 
 1769. He had practiced law for a time in Cambridge, but 
 abandoned the profession and became a "merchant." He 
 was an outspoken tory in the early days of revolution, but 
 made humble submission soon enough to save his goods 
 from confiscation by the patriots. He held a retailer's 
 license for a time in the Chocksett precinct, now Sterling, 
 became a victim to his love for strong drink, and died by his 
 own hand in the village now known as South Lancaster, 
 April 30, 18 18, at the age of seventy-three years. 
 
42 MILITARY ANNALS OF LANCASTER, 
 
 SOLDIERS. 
 
 271. Charles Jones, son of Moses, died in the United 
 States hospital at Avon, New York, April i8, 1815, in the 
 United States army. 
 
 317. Charles Fred Warren, native of Lancaster, served 
 in 132 Indiana Vols., Co. A, from May 8, 1864, 100 days. 
 
 322. Joshua Ward Childs, native of Lancaster, served in 
 53 Mass. Inft, Co. B, Oct. 17, 1862-Sept. 2, 1863. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 ADAMS, Daniel, 12. 
 Francis, 11. 
 
 George, 10, 11, 22. 
 
 Samuel, 38. 
 Additional Grant, proprie- 
 tors, 28, 29, 31. 
 Asranienticus, 5. 
 Allen, Abel, 38. 
 
 Benjamin, 9, 22. 
 
 Ebenezer. 41. 
 
 Jacob, 38. 
 Andros, Sir Edmund, 14. 
 
 15, 16 
 Aquiticus, John, 37. 
 Assoatetick hill, 9. 
 Atherton, Benjamin, 32,33. 
 
 James. 22, 23, 28, 33. 
 
 John, 32, 
 
 Joseph, 32. 
 
 Joshua, 22, 23, 28. 
 
 Mary, 32. 
 Attack upon Lancaster : 
 
 1676—13, 14, 16. 17, 18, 19. 
 
 1697—24. 25. 
 
 1704—5, 25, 26. 
 
 BAILEY, Benjamin, 32, 
 23- 
 
 John, 22. 
 
 Mary, 26. 
 Battell, James, 39. 
 
 John, 39. 
 Beaman, Ebenezer, 28. 
 
 Gamaliel, 22, 23, 28. 
 
 John, 22, 23, 28, 29, 33. 
 
 Thomas, 12, 40, 
 Beaucourt. Chevalier, 5. 
 Bellows, Benjamin, 28, 29. 
 
 33- 
 Bennett, John. 38. 
 
 Josiah. 38. 
 
 Samuel, 28, 29, 30, 31. 
 Blodget, Thomas, 38. 
 
 VVilliam, 28. 
 Bloomarv, Prescott's, 8. 
 Boston, siege of, 37. 
 Bowers, John, 28, 
 Bowker, Ephraim, 41. 
 
 Oliver, 38. 
 Brabrook, Joseph, 28. 
 Bradish, Ebenezer, 41. 
 Bradstreet, Dudley, 36. 
 Brickmaker, first, 24. 
 Brooks, Shattuck, 32. 
 Brown, Amos, 38. 
 Bulkeley.Kev Gershom, 20. 
 Bunker Hill, battle of, 37. 
 Burpee, Nathan. 38. 
 Busn, John, 22. 
 Buss, John, 36. 
 
 Butler, James, 33. 
 Simon, 38. 
 
 CALF Pasture.Prescott's 
 34. 
 Captives 1676, 16. 17, 18, 19. 
 
 ^ 1757, 36- .„ 
 Carnes, burnil, 31. 
 Carter, Samuel, 23, 28, 30. 
 
 Thomas, 28. 
 Chamberlain, Samuel, 33. 
 Chase, Joel, 38. 
 Chesquonopog pond, 9. 
 Childs, John VV., 42. 
 Church, Joseph, 36. 
 Churchill, Samuel, 38 
 Clark, Benjamin, 33. 
 Clealand, Thomas, 38. 
 Clerk of the writs, 34. 
 Coasset, 14. 
 Colburn, Titus, 38. 
 Cook, Israel, 38. 
 Corn mill, 21, 29. 
 Courser, Archelaus, 22. 
 Cowdall, John, 10, 
 Cranson, Abner, 37. 
 Creford, John, 36. 
 Crocker, George, 29. 
 Grossman, Noah, 38. 
 Crouch, Jonathan, 35. 
 Cutting, Josiah, 38. 
 
 DAKIN, John, 36. 
 Darbyshire, John, 23. 
 Davis, John, 26. 
 
 Samuel, 26. 
 Day, Stephen, 10. 
 Deputron, William, 39, 40. 
 Dickerson, Moses, 40. 
 Divens, Mrs., 16. 
 DivoU, John, 12, 22. 
 
 Hannah. 16. 
 
 William, 28. 
 Doctress Whitcomb, 24. 
 Dole, John, 38. 
 Downing, Lucy, 5- 
 Dresser, Elijah, 38. 
 Drew family, 16, 17. 
 Dublet, Tom, 19. 
 Dunsmoor, William, 41 
 
 EAGER, Fortunatus, 37. 
 38. 
 Eliot, Rev. John, 6, 7, 19. 
 
 FAIRBANK, Cyrus, 41. 
 Jabez, 17, 23,26,28,30,32. 
 Jonas, 10, 25. 
 Jonathan, 23, 24, 25. 
 Joseph. 28. 32. 
 
 Lemuel, 38. 
 
 Mary, 24. 
 
 Seth, 38. 
 
 William, 38. 
 Families in L., 1688, 21, 22. 
 
 1692, 23. 
 Farmer, Benjamin, 38. 
 
 Henry \V„ 38. 
 Farrer, Jacob, 9. 
 
 John, 41. 
 Fitcn garrison raid, 36. 
 Flagg, Gerhhom, 36. 
 Fletcher, John, 38. 
 
 Phineas, 38. 
 Forge, Prescott's, 8, 
 Fort VVilliam Henry, 36. 
 Foster, Prudence, 27. 
 Freedom certificate, 33. 
 Frost, James, 23. 
 
 AINS, Daniel, 10, 12, 22. 
 
 _29. 
 
 G 
 
 Gardner, Andrew, 26, 27. 
 
 Mary, 27. 
 Garrisons 1692, 23, 24. 
 Garrison house blown up, 
 
 II. 
 Gates, Simon, 22. 
 Geary, David, 38. 
 George hill, 10. 
 Gibbs, Samuel, 28, 32, 
 Glazier, George, 28. 
 
 John. 22. 
 
 Goodfrey, , 36. 
 
 Goodnow, Sarah, 18. 
 Gookin, Samuel, 11, 19. 
 Goss, Elihu, 38. 
 
 Ephraim, 38. 
 
 lohn, 28. 
 
 Phihp, 23, 24. 
 
 Stephen, 38. 
 
 HALE, John, 38. 
 Hannah, John, 40. 
 Hap^ood, Nathaniel, 32. 
 Hams, Benjamin, 28. 
 
 John, 28. 
 Hartwell, Edward, 28, 3032. 
 Haskell, Abijah, 38. 
 
 Abner, 38. 
 
 Nathaniel, 38. 
 Highways, ownership of, 8. 
 Huchman, Daniel, 19, 
 Hewes, George, 22, 23. 
 Heywood, Nathan, 38. 
 
 Timothy, 38. 
 Hinds, John, 22, 23. 
 Hoar, John. 19. 
 Holman. Jeremiah, 33. 
 
44 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Houghton, Benjamin, 28. 
 Daniel, 33. 
 Edward, 23- 
 Eliezer, 22- 
 Ephraini, 38. 
 Gershom, 32. 
 Henry, 28, 33. 
 Jacob, 28, 32. 
 James, g, 22. 23, 28, 33. 
 John, 5, 20, 22, 23, 27, 28, 
 ^ 29,30- 31,33, 34- „ 
 Jonas, 22, 23, 27, 28, 30, 
 
 ,33- 
 
 Jonathan, 28, 30, 32. 
 
 Joseph, 22, 23, 28, 30. 
 
 Josiah. 33. 
 
 Nathaniel, 39. 
 
 Ralph, 22, 23, 34. 
 
 Richard, 34. 
 
 Robert. 22, 27, 28, 30, 33. 
 
 Thomas, 32, 33. 
 
 William, 28, 33. 
 How, Daniel, 18. 
 Hudson, Daniel, 22, 23, 24. 
 
 James, 23. 
 
 John, 22, 23. 
 
 William, 22. 
 Hutchins, Joseph, 28, 33. 
 
 INDIANS, 6, 7, 10, 13, 14, 
 li. 16, ig, 30, 31, 32. 
 Inquest, Gardner, 26, 27. 
 Iron mine, 8. 
 
 JAMES, Quanapaug, 7, 
 12. 13, 14. 
 Jewett, Samuel, 38. 
 Job, 13, 14. 
 Jock, Lynn, 36, 
 John, One-eyed, 7, 13, 
 Johnson, John, 28. 
 Jones, Charles, 42. 
 
 Rev. John, 25. 
 Joslin, Abraham, 18. 
 
 Henry, 22. 
 
 Joseph, iS. 
 
 Nathaniel, 22. 
 
 Peter, 22, 23, 28, 30. 
 
 Samuel. 38. 
 Judd, Josiah, 30. 
 Jurors elected, 8, 9. 
 
 KENDALL, Ephraim,38 
 John. 28. 
 
 Joshua, 38. 
 
 Thomas, 38. 
 
 William, 38. 
 Kerley, Elizaueth, 18. 
 
 Hannah. 18. 
 
 Henry, 9, 18, 22. 
 
 Mary, 18. 
 
 Williani, 12. 
 Kettell, Goodwife, 18, 19. 
 
 John. i7, 18. 
 
 Joseph, 17, iS. 
 
 Richard. 18. 
 Keyes, James, 33. 
 
 John, 28, 30. 
 Kilburn, Timothy, 38. 
 Knight, Manassen, 38. 
 
 T ARKIN Matthias, 38. 
 ■1— Lewis. Barrachiah, 22. 
 
 Christopher, 22 
 
 Isaac. 22 
 Louisburg, Siege of, 35. 36. 
 Loyalists of L., 40. 41. 
 
 M AQUAS or Mohawks, 
 II, 12, 14, 15. 
 Mat hew, 7, 11. 
 Matoonas, 16. 
 Maverick, Samuel, 6. 
 May, John, 38. 
 McLeod. Mordicai, 22. 
 Menamesset, 14. 
 Military execution, 39. 
 Military officers, 35,39, 
 Monoco, John, 7, 12, 16. 
 Moore, John, i, 22, 23, 28, 
 29, y- 
 
 Jonathan, 27, 28, 29, 32. 
 
 Oliver, 38. 
 Muttaump, 16, 19. 
 
 NASHAWAV in 1653,6. 
 Indians, 6, 7, 11. 
 
 River, 6. 
 Nashowanon, 6. 
 Nelson, Jonathan. 39. 
 
 Nathan, 39. 
 Newby. George, 22. 
 Nichols, John, 32. 
 Nipnet Indians, 16. 
 Norcross, Jeremiah, 5, 6. 
 
 Nathaniel, 6. 
 Nowell, Joseph, 38. 
 
 OBITUARIES, 33. 
 Officials, 34. 
 Osgood, Hooker, 28, 30. 
 
 PALMER; Joseph, 39. 
 Parker, Edmund, 22. 
 Parmenter, Nathan, 38. 
 Parsonage 16S8, 21. 
 Pearson, Josiah, 39. 
 Peirce, Joshua, 35. 
 Pepper, Robert, 14. 
 Perry, Seth, 19. 
 Phelps, Aaron, 38. 
 
 Abel, 38. 
 
 Edward, 29 
 Philip, King, 13, 14, 15, 16. 
 Pidge, Jonathan, 26. 
 Pike, Ebenezer, 38. 
 Pilfer, Joshua, 38. 
 Policy, Ebenezer, 33. 
 Pope, John, 22. 
 Pope, rhonias, 23. 
 Pound, 9. 
 
 Powers, Ephraim, 39. 
 Pratt, James, 39. 
 Prentice, John. 27, 28. 
 Prescott, Eben»-zer, 28. 
 
 John, 8, 9, 10, 21, 22, 23, 
 28, 34, 35- 
 
 Jonathan, 9, 12, 22. 
 
 Peter, 38. 
 
 Samuel, 27. 
 Priest, Daniel, 28. 
 
 (iabriel. 28, 33. 
 
 John, 22, 23, 27, 28. 35. 
 
 Joseph, 33. 
 Pumham, 13. 
 Putnam, Andrew, 38. 
 
 QUANAPAUG, 7, 12, 13, 
 14, 16. 
 Quaboag. 7, 12. 
 Quanopin, 16, 20. 
 
 RATE lists 1688. 21, 22. 
 1723, 32, 33- 
 Rayner, Isaac, 38. 
 
 Records lost. 5. 
 Red spring, 29. 
 Rice, Reuben, 38. 
 
 Silas, 38. 
 Richardson, Abel, 39. 
 
 Tilley. 38. 
 Rigby, John, 22. 
 Robbins, John, 38. 
 Robinson, George, 22. 
 Rogers, Jeremian. 22. 
 
 Samuel, 33. 
 Roper, Enoch, 38. 
 
 Ephraim. 22, 23, 24. 
 
 John, 22, 38. 
 Ross, Ebenezer, 38. 
 
 Seth, 38. 
 
 Thomas, 29. 
 Rowlandson, Joseph, 13,14, 
 17, 20. 
 
 Mary, 13, 14, 19, 20. 
 
 Thomas, 17. 
 Rugg, Aaron. 38. 
 
 Elisha, 38. 
 
 John, 22, 23. 
 
 Joseph. 23. 
 
 Samuel, 33. 
 
 SAGAMORES, 6,7. 
 Salmon and trout. 6. 
 Saltpetre manufacture, 41. 
 Sam, Sagamore, 7, 11, 16,17. 
 Sawmills, 29, 30. 
 Sawtell, Josiah, 28. 
 Sawyer, Aaron, 30, 38. 
 
 Amos, 39. 
 
 Bezaleel, 28, 33. 
 
 Caleb, 17, 22, 23, 27, 28, 
 30, 32. 
 
 Elias, 28, 32. 
 
 Elisha, 38. 
 
 Ephraim, 12, 37, 39. 
 
 James, 39. 
 
 John, 22, 23. 33. 
 
 Jonathan. 28, 29, 30, 32. 
 
 Joseph, 28, 30, 33. 
 
 Josiah. 39. 
 
 Nathaniel, 23, 29, 38. 
 
 Paul, 39. 
 
 Peter, 39. 
 
 Thomas, 9, 22, 23, 24, 
 26, 29, 30, 31. 
 
 William, 28, 32. 
 Sawyer Bay, 37. 
 Scar highway, 21. 
 Scouts, 27. 
 
 Sholan, sagamore, 6, 7, 11. 
 Shoshanim, sagamore, 7,11, 
 
 16, 17, 19. 
 Simon, Zebedee, 38. 
 Snow, Hezekiah. 32. 
 
 Janies. 22,23, 28, 32. 
 Soldiers 1675, 12, 18. 
 
 1745, 35, 36- 
 
 1760, 37- . 
 
 ol Revolution, 37, 38, 
 39, 40. 
 
 1812, 42. 
 
 Civil War, 42. 
 Spoftord, John, 38. 
 Stearns, Benjamin, 36. 
 Stedman, William. 34. 
 Stevens, Cyprian, 11,22,23, 
 24, 34- 
 
 Simon, 28. 
 Stone, Matthew, 22, 23, 28. 
 Stuart, John. 38. 
 
 Joseph. 37. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 45 
 
 Sumner, Roger, 9, 22. 
 
 Samuel, 22. 
 Sardody's Vengeance, 36. 
 Swan, Prudence, 27. 
 Swan Swamp. 29. 
 Swift, Thomas. 22. 
 
 TAHANTO, George, 7, 
 10, 31. 
 Thompson, Jonathan, 38. 
 Thurston, John, 39. 
 Samuel, 41. 
 Silas, 38. 
 Town, Isaac, 38. 
 Town-meeting records, 20, 
 
 21, 29. 
 Townsend, Hezekiah, 30, 
 
 32. 
 Training fields, 31. 
 Trucking house, 24. 
 '1 ucker, Arthur, 22. 
 Thomas, 29, 32. 
 
 u 
 
 PCHATTUCK, 7. 
 Uskattuhgim, 7. 
 
 WACHUSETT, II, 
 Wales, Nathaniel, 22. 
 Walker, Seth, 32. 
 Wallis, John, 33, 
 Ward, Elizabeth, 18. 
 Warner, John, 22, 23, 26, 28 
 
 32- 35- 
 
 Samuel, 28, 32, 33. 
 Warren, Charles F., 42 
 Washacum. 7, 10, 11,30, 
 Watananock, 6, 
 Wataquadock, 7, 32. 
 Waters, Joseph, 22. 
 
 Laurence, 9, 22. 
 Weetamoo, 20. 
 West, Benjamin, 37. 
 
 Richard. 22, 23. 
 Wethersfielci records, 20. 
 Wheeler, Abraham, 22,23. 
 
 Benjamin, 33. 
 
 Isaac. 22, 23, 
 
 Jonathan, 28. 
 
 Joshua, 2i- 
 
 Josiah, 28, 33. 
 
 Richard, 9. 
 
 Samuel, 22. 
 
 Zebediah, 22. 
 Wheelock, Archippus. 40. 
 
 John, 38. 
 
 Joseph, 28. 
 Whitcomb, Asa, 37. 
 
 David, 24, 28, 32. 
 
 Doctress, 24. 
 
 Hezekiah. 28, 33. 
 
 John, 28. 
 
 Jonathan, 23, 29,32. 
 
 Josiah, 22, 23, 27, 28, 29, 
 32. 
 
 Mary, 24. 
 White, John, 28. 32- 
 
 Jonathan, 38. 
 
 Josiah, 12, 22, 23, 27, 28. 
 
 Levi, 40. 
 
 Nathaniel, 39. 
 Whiting, John, 21, 23, 24. 
 Whitney, Caleb, 38. 
 
 Isaiah, 33, 
 
 John, 33. 
 
 Joshua, 38, 
 
 Thomns, 33. 
 Whittemore, N athaniel, 36. 
 Wilds, Richard, 32. 
 Wilder, Benjamin, 38. 
 
 Ebenezer, 28, 30, 33. 
 
 Ehhu, 38. 
 
 Ephraim, 28, 31. 
 
 James, 27, 29, 33. 
 
 John, 22, 23, 27, 28, 29, 
 
 307 32- 
 
 Jonas, 32. 
 
 Jonathan, 21, 29. 32, 38. 
 
 Joseph, 29, 30, 2i. 
 
 Josiah, 32, 41. 
 
 Mary, 29. 
 
 Nathan, 38. 
 
 Nathaniel, 22, 23, 25, 28. 
 
 Oliver, 25, 28. 
 
 Richard, 29. 
 
 Thomas, 22, 23, 27, 28, 
 30. 33- 
 
 William, 38. 
 Willard, Aaron, 38. 
 
 Abijah, 40. 
 
 Abraham, 33. 
 
 Benjamin, 22. 
 
 Henry, 22, 23, 28, 33. 
 
 Hezekiah, 28, 32. 
 
 James, 33. 
 
 John, 22, 28, 33, 38. 
 
 Jonathan, 22, 28, 32. 
 
 Joseph, 28, 33. 
 
 josiah, 28, 32. 
 
 Nahum, 49. 
 
 Samuel, 28, 30, 32. 
 
 Simon, 9, ii. 16, 24, 33. 
 Wilson, Benjamin, 32. 
 
 Jeremiah, 22, 23, 27, 29, 
 33- 
 
 Nathaniel, 22, 23. 
 
 Samuel, 33. 
 Winthrop, John, 5, 8. 
 Woods, Joseph, 36. 
 
 Samuel, 38. 
 Wright, John, 36. 
 
 Thomas, 38. 
 Wyman, Matthias, 36. 
 
 Z WEIRS, Jacob, 38. 
 Peter, 38. 
 
DEC 30 1912 
 
 BY THE SAME AUTHOR. 
 
 The Early Records of Lancaster, Mass., 1643-1725. 
 
 With Maps and an Appendix. Octavo, cloth. 364 pages. 
 
 The Story of the Fifty-Fifth Regiment of Illinois Infantry 
 in the Civil War. 1861-1865. 
 
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 Including lists of Soldiers serving in the Colonial and Revolution- 
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 The History of Lancaster and Clinton. 
 
 (In Lewis' History of Worcester County.) 
 
 History of the Town of Harvard, Mass. 1732-1893. 
 
 Illustrations and Map. Octavo, cloth. 605 pages. 
 
 A Forgotten Patriot. 
 
 (Maj. Gen. John Whitcomb.) Octavo, paper cover. 15 pages. 
 
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 Illustrations. Octavo, paper cover. 20 pages. 
 
 The Hoar Family in America and its English Ancestry. 
 
 Octavo, paper cover. 37 pages. 
 
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 Map. Octavo, paper cover. 11 pages. Etc. 
 
 HlOl 75 568 
 
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