PA 
 
 25 S 
 
 .Mr 
 
 1 
 
A 
 OF LEARNING 
 
 THE GEEEE LANGUAGE, 
 
 AFTER THE SYSTEM OF 
 
 F. AHN, 
 
 DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY, AND PROFESSOR AT THE COLLEGE 
 
 OF NEUSS. 
 
 BY 
 
 A. H. MONTEITH, 
 
 LATE PRINCIPAL OF THE ROBERTSONIAN INSTITUnON". 
 
 FIRST COURSE. 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 A L L M A N AND SON, 
 
 42, HOLBOEN HILL. 
 
 1859. 
 
 I'he Copyright of this Work is secured in France and Gfirnwny under the ierwsi 
 of the International Copy right Act, and the Proprietors reaerve to themselves 
 ike right of translation. 
 

PEEFACE. 
 
 Greek, the progenitor of most European languages, is 
 the source whence we derive the terms of modern 
 science. However much a long period of time spent in 
 its attainment may be justly decried, there can be no 
 question, but that some degree of acquaintance with its 
 ^ructure and vocabulary, is not only a useful, but a 
 ^Ia cessary element, in a sound English education. 
 
 The books in common use compel the learner, how- 
 € T, either to become conversant with the entire 
 J. ierous detail of the language, or remain in ignorance 
 altogether, — an objection to the study of Greek, 
 which it is the design of the present treatise in some 
 measure to remove. 
 
 The irregularities of the Greek accidence are some- 
 what numerous ; of many variable words only a few are 
 in use ; desinences of one word are used in making up 
 the forms of another, and the entire vocabulary is subject 
 more or less to the euphonic modifications that charac- 
 terise the language. Some Greek writers use one 
 dialect and some another, and the variety of form in the 
 words as they appear in one or other of these dialects is 
 often very considerable. In this treatise, such irregu- 
 larities in the declensions and conjugations as admit of 
 generalization only are treated, and the tables refer to 
 the "" Common Dialect," that is, the language as used by 
 the majority of classic Greek authors. Dialectic forms 
 and anomalous desinences are more properly the province 
 of the lexicon than the grammar ; at all events, it is 
 advisable to defer the consideration of such minutiae till 
 
IV PREFACE. 
 
 the primary elements of the language are acquired, — a 
 task in itself of no mean magnitude, but which, we trust, 
 this little volume will render less arduous than hitherto. 
 
 When a few of the leading principles of the language 
 are firmly and intelligibly fixed upon the memory, the re- 
 mainder will be more easily comprehended. In the accom- 
 panying treatise, the learner accordingly has few rules 
 but much practice. The material consists of a series of 
 alternate Greek and English exercises, interspersed with 
 syntatical rules. The sentences are simple at first, but 
 gradually become more complex, as the principles of 
 construction are successively developed. The accidence 
 is introduced as the learner acquires material to adapt 
 the grammatical tables to practical use, that is, when 
 sufficient progress in the vocabulary has been made to 
 render such tabular synopsis desirable. 
 
 Many practical teachers are of opinion that Greek, if 
 taught at ail, should be taught before its sister language 
 — the Latin ; it is the eider of the two, and as an exponent 
 of general grammar, in many respects superior. Greek 
 roots, moreover, enter largely into the composition of 
 Latin words ; hence, a previous acquaintance with Greek 
 would greatly simplify the task of acquiring the Latin 
 vocabulary. It has therefore been our object to produce 
 a Greek beginner's book, embracing essentials only, 
 suitable to any capacity, and thoroughly practical, so 
 that the language, if thought advisable, may be made 
 subservient merely to the purposes of general education. 
 
 A Second Course is being prepared, which will em- 
 brace exercises on the more idiomatic constructions of 
 the language. 
 
 The author is indebted to the kindness of a judicious 
 philhellenist for some of the emendations made in the 
 second edition. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 I. Oethogeaphy and Pkontjnciatioit • . 1 
 
 II. EXEECISES 11 
 
 III. Appendix .97 
 
 lY. English Index 127 
 
 V. Gkeek Index 134 
 
 VI. Grammatical Index . • . . 143 
 
AN INTRODUCTION 
 
 GEEEE LANGUAGE. 
 
 ORTHOGEAPHY AND PEONUNCIATION. 
 
 THE ALPHABET. 
 
 Values, 
 n. 
 
 X or ks. 
 (short) 
 
 P- 
 r. 
 
 s. 
 
 t. 
 
 u. 
 
 pli or f. 
 
 ch(hard). 
 
 ps. 
 
 (long). 
 
 Rem. — (1) All the letters are pronounced as in English, except 
 ^, which is usually articulated like ds, and y when followed by 
 another y or by /c, x^ l\ it tben has the sound of w, as 
 dyy^Xoc, *^ a messenger," pronounced ang'-gelos, (2) The consonant 
 y has always the hard sound of g in go^ never that of g in gem, 
 (3) Tbe first form of sigma is used at the beginning or in the 
 middle of a word, the second at the end only. 
 
 Ex. — r?2, the earth, 'a-v}^, an eye. Mu^, a rat. 'Vic,^ 
 the nose. Faf, for. A^ug, an oak. X/?^^, the skin. 
 Asxa, ten. Xpovog, time. Aoga, opinion. ^o(pogj 
 wise. Ba^o^, depth. 'Ay^w, I strangle. 'Op/^, a 
 serpent. Ai;;co$, a wolf. Maprvp^ a witness. II/vw, I 
 
 Letters. 
 
 A a, 
 
 
 E f, 
 
 z?, 
 
 H n, 
 
 8 3, 
 
 I ', 
 
 A \, 
 
 Mj«, 
 
 Names. 
 
 Values. 
 
 Letters, 
 
 Names. 
 
 alpha, 
 
 a. 
 
 N V, ■ 
 
 nu. 
 
 beta, 
 
 b. 
 
 ^ I 
 
 xi, 
 
 gamma. 
 
 g (hard). 
 
 0, 
 
 omicron, 
 
 delta, 
 
 d. 
 
 n TT, 
 
 pi. 
 
 epsilon, 
 
 e (short). 
 
 P p, 
 
 rho, 
 
 zeta. 
 
 z or ds. 
 
 2(7, g. 
 
 Sigma, 
 
 eta, 
 
 e (long). 
 
 T r. 
 
 tau. 
 
 theta, 
 
 th. 
 
 Y V, 
 
 upsilon, 
 
 iota, 
 
 i. 
 
 4> 0, 
 
 phi, 
 
 cappa, 
 lambda. 
 
 k. 
 1. 
 
 ^$! 
 
 chi, 
 psi, 
 
 mu. 
 
 m. 
 
 Q u), 
 
 omega, 
 
INTRODUCTIOI^r. 
 
 drink. Kapog, a deep sleep. 'O^og, a branch, ^fa^w, 
 
 1 teU. K^irng, a judge. Yvxog, cold. 'I;^^i;^, a fish. 
 Bapvij heavy. YoXo^, smoke. Zw^og, lively, r^apw, 
 I write. Koga^, a crow. Qs^fjbog, warm. 'H^oc, manners. 
 Ssfg^g, a king of Persia. HoXXa, many. Yaxaj, dew. 
 TayyTig^ the river Ganges. 
 
 Classification of the Letteks, 
 Vowels. 
 Longs, 9j, Cfj. 
 Shorts, g, 0. 
 Doubtfuls, a, /, u. 
 
 Consonants. 
 
 Mutes, /3, 7, 3, ^, %, r, <p, ;^, &. 
 
 Liquids, X, /^, y, p. 
 
 Doubles, ^ (ds or ts), g (gs or ks), -^ (bs or ps). 
 
 Diphthongs or Digraphs. 
 
 at pronounced like the Italian ai. 
 
 „ aw m awe, 
 
 „ e in high. 
 
 „ u in /m5^. 
 
 „ of in boil. 
 
 ,, ow in woz(;. 
 
 ►inations of vowels other than those in tlie 
 list of diphthongs, each letter has its name sound. Final vowels 
 are always articulated. 
 
 Ex. — Usvriy ^ve, E/^g, I wish. '^^X'^^ ^^^ ^^^^• 
 B/ow, I live. BowTT/g, full-eyed. Toaw, I moan. Oldoc, 
 I know. Zojov, a living creature. Ai/w, two. A/, alas ! 
 Ba/!/w, I go. * A/^, a goat. X////a/^a, a fabulous monster. 
 AvXog, a flute. Auro^, the same. Xs/^, the hand. Mcc- 
 ysi^og^ a cook. Ba^tXiug^ a king. Zsu^, Jupiter. Tgi;(r/Aa, 
 a falsehood. Boi;^, an ox, Boi/X^, a council. 'Hxoncra, I 
 heard. AlXove^g^ a cat. 
 
 
 
 gi>, 
 
 ^^ 55 
 
 0/, 
 
 W/ „ 
 
 ou, 
 
 CfJU 5, 
 
 , — In all combi 
 
INTEOEUCTIOlSr. 9 
 
 OliTHOGKAPHIC SlGNS. 
 
 The Apostrophe thus ('), indicates, as in English, that 
 a letter has been dropped. 
 
 The Smooth Aspirate thus ('), is placed over vowels 
 at the beginning of words, but makes no change in their 
 power. 
 
 The Rough Aspirate thus (* ). when placed over a vowel, 
 has the power of the letter h as 6, pronounced ho. 
 
 The T7^ema thus {"), indicates that the vowel over 
 which it is placed should be pronounced independently 
 of that w^hich follows or precedes. 
 
 The Iota Subscribed thus (i), a mark placed under 
 a vowel, denotes that an / has been dropped. 
 
 Eem. — Every vowel or diphthong at the beginning of a word has 
 either a smooth or a rough aspirate over it. P has likewise a 
 rough aspirate at the beginning of words, and answers to rhj as 
 podov (rhodon), a rose. 
 
 Ex. — 'Ev, in. *E^, one. 'Eg, from. 'Eg, six. 'Xlga, 
 care. *n^a, anhour. 0/%oc, a house. * 03suw, I travel. 
 'h3>5, already. 'T-vJ/o^, height. 'EXXtjv, a Greek. Ou^a, 
 a tail. OiTceiog, belonging to a house, domestic. ^O^fjbr,^ 
 impetuosity. *Aac, salt. 'H^sw, I sound. 'H/xg^ct, a 
 day. 'Iccr^og, a physician. *P;5/>oo6, a word. 'A^^wcrjj/^a, 
 a malady. Ba^z/vs/*, to a king. Tw (for rw/), to the. 
 Movffy) (for /^oi/ctj/), to a muse, 'n^??, a song. 'AXX' g/ 
 (for dXXa 2/), but if. 
 
 ACCET^TS. 
 
 The Acute {'). 
 The Grave ('). 
 The Circumflex ("). 
 
 Rem. — These marks do not affect the pronunciation of the words 
 over which they are placed : they are to be regarded as orthogra- 
 phical signs only. According to the usage in the English schools, 
 Greek words are accented on the penult when long, and upon the 
 ante-penult when that syllable is short, without regard to the 
 Greek accentual marks : thus vxl^TXop is pronounced hup-si' -lo7i^ 
 
10 INTRODTJCTIOIS^. 
 
 lecaiise the i is long ; cJ/Ltsya, pronounced omega^ because the e is 
 short. A short vowel followed by two consonants is long by posi- 
 tion. Diphthongs are generally long, and one vowel when followed 
 by another generally short. 
 
 Ex. — XsXr^wi/, a swallow. T£^v«:;ca, I am dead. 
 na-Tu^og, an Egyptian plant, paper. 'Tntox^irr^g^ aa actor. 
 Ba(r/X/>cw^, regally. ''A^/xog, unjust. "Uydyov, I brought, 
 Xpv(r6^pvcg, having^ a golden throne. A/vsw, I praise. 
 'XlpsXico, I aid. 'fKpD.sia^ utility. ^i\jyou6a^ having 
 fled. O/Xs^yo^, a lover of work. Tvyx^dvovng^ being 
 by chance. ^/Xocrocr^/^, patriotic. 
 
 MaEKS of PuNCTUATIOIf. 
 
 The Comma (,), as in English, distinguishes the various 
 clauses of a sentence. 
 
 The Colon (•) is placed at the top of the line, and, like 
 the English colon or semicolon, marks a sense partially 
 concluded. 
 
 The Period (.) placed at the foot of the hne, marks, as 
 in English, a sense entirely concluded. 
 
 The Note of Admiration (!) used as in English. 
 
 The Point of Interrogation (;) resembles the English 
 semicolon, and denotes a question. 
 
 Ex. — "O^vii^ o(p2(f)g wa zvpov^a^ I'jnfiiXcJjg Ixko fhavada 
 
 fjbaraja ! r/ ravra r^z(pzig^ cI'tts^ av^yjkvra dctto ffov 
 'TTpojrrjg rov ddr/.eTv a^zrai ; 
 
 A hen having found some serpent's eggs, carefully 
 covered and hatched them. A swallow, who had noticed 
 this, said : '' What a fool you are ! Why do you rear 
 creatures, which, when strong enough, will first of all 
 injure yourself.^" 
 
AHN'S METHOD. 
 
 riEST GEEEK GOIJESK 
 
 EXEECISES. 
 
 1. 
 
 TLarrj^^ father, a father, 
 My)Tr}^, raother, a mother. 
 *AdsX<f)6g^ brother, a brother, 
 'AdsX(p?}, sister, a sister. 
 B//3X/ov, (neuter)^ book, a book. 
 
 2. 
 
 *0 (masculine), r) (feminine), to (neuter), the. 
 'O 'TTPLTT]^. *H /^y}T'/}P. To ^iBXiov, 'O ads7^(p6g. 'H 
 adBXfT], 
 
 Ee^i. — (1) The article agrees with the noun in gender. — (2) "When 
 a word, having an acute accent on the last syllable, is followed by 
 another word in the same sentence, the acute is changed into a 
 grave. 
 
 3. 
 
 ^AyaOog {masc), ayaOrj (fe^n.), ayaOov {mut.)y good, 
 honest, amiable, brave. 
 
 liaTYi^ ayaQog, 'H dya^ri [irirrip. 'O adBX(phg aya« 
 ^6g. To ^ijSXfov ayadov. 
 Eem. — Adjectives, like the article, agree with the noun in gender. 
 
12 AHN'S METHOD. 
 
 4. 
 
 Father. A mother. The brave brother. An amiable 
 sister. The good book. The good mother. A good 
 father. 
 
 Mov (of me), my. 
 
 Soi) (of thee), thy, your. 
 
 (fov, *H ddsX(p7] /xou ayad?). To jBi^Xtov /j^qv. *0 ddsX^ 
 (p6g (Sov , dyaQog, 
 
 Eem. — (1) M.OV and aov^ when not emphatic, drop their accents. 
 These and some other particles are regarded merely as adjuncts of 
 the words they accompany, and for this reason are termed enclitics, 
 (2) The acute accent of the preceding word is not under such cir- 
 cumstances changed into a grave. (See Eem. Ex. 2.) 
 
 6. 
 
 My mother. Your book. Tliy father. My brother. 
 Your amiable sister. Thy good mother. Your good 
 book. 
 
 7. 
 
 'EoTt, is, he is^ she is, it is, there is. 
 
 'O ^arriq^ dya&dg hri» *H fjbrjrri^ dya^yj Irfri, Th 
 ^ijSXkv dya&ov s<Sri. *0 ddsX(p6g fiou dya^og hart, *H 
 dhikfri 601) dyaGr) Idri, 
 
 Eem. — 'EoTt is also an enclitic, and like /xou, (Jov^ drops the ac- 
 cent unless emphatic (See Eem. Ex. 5.) 
 
 8. 
 
 My father is good. My mother is good. My book 
 is good. Your sister is amiable. Your brother is 
 brave. My good father. A good mother. 
 
FIRST GREEK COURSE. 13 
 
 9. 
 
 KaKOQi i]y 6vj bad, wicked, vicious. 
 
 2096c, 77, 6v, wise, intelligent, clever, sagacious. 
 
 JJarri^ (^o(p6g, Myjrrj^ 6of7}. ^o(phv j3/[3Xiov» *0 xaKog 
 ddsX(p6g. 'H %a%^ (kdsXfyj. To ^i(3Xiov xcc%6v, *0 a^sX- 
 pog (So\) (fofog s(Sri, *H ah\(pri <so(p7] hri. Th jSijSXiov 
 (fo(p6v lari, 'O adsX(p6g fjbov (^(xpog k(Sri, *H ahzXfrj [m>o\j 
 KaxTj hart, T6 l3i(3XiOV [JjOV xazov s6ri. *AdsX(p6g [lou 
 6o(p6g, To f3il3X/ov strri za'/Jv, 
 
 Bem. — 'Ecrrt and other enclitics of two syllables retain tLeir ac- 
 cents when preceded by a word accented on the penult, or syllable 
 before the last. (See Rem. Ex. 7.) * 
 
 10, 
 
 KaXog^ ^, 6v, pretty, handsome, beautiful. 
 XprjaTOQj 7] J 6v, useful, kind, indulgent. 
 
 A handsome brother. A beautiful sister. A pretty- 
 book. The kind father. The indulgent mother. The 
 useful book. My vicious brother. My wicked sister. 
 My bad book. Your brother is handsome. Your sister 
 is beautiful. The book is pretty, 
 
 11. 
 
 Atfcatoc, diKaiuy dUaioVy just, upright. 
 Mdraiog, fxaTata, [xcLTaiov, vain, frivolous, silly*. 
 
 Uarri^ biTcaiog. Myjry)^ dixala. Bt^Xiov hi%am. *0 
 ahXcphg fjjdraiog. 'H ddsXori fiara/a. Th ^t(3X/ov /acc- 
 raiov. *0 crar^^ /jlov d/7iociog, 'H fMrjryj^ I^ov diTcaloc. Th 
 ^t^Xiov fMov dhaiov. *0 ddsX(p6g (Toy ^^y}(rT6g l<sri» *H 
 ddsXpy) (fov %f??(rr;7 iffri. To ^i^Xiov cfov ^^y}(fT6v Idri. 
 *J1 (LTiTYi^ fLo\) x^ri^TYi s(Srt. *0 ddsXfSg fiov dixaiog hn. 
 
 Rem. — When lirri and other enclitics of two syllables are pre- 
 ceded by a word accented on the antepenult, the accent of the 
 enclitic is thrown back on the last syllable of that word. (See 
 Rem. Ex. 9.) 
 
14 AHN^S METHOD. 
 
 12. 
 
 Kai, and, but. 
 
 Tap, for. 
 
 Xapisigy x^P^^^^^-) X^P**^> graceful, elegant. 
 
 Just and good. Honest and wise. Handsome and 
 kind. The father and mother. A sister and brother. 
 Pretty but vain. Bad but clever. Amiable but frivolous. 
 An elegant book. My graceful sister. Your silly bro- 
 ther. My book is good and useful. 
 
 13. 
 
 TlfiioQj Tijxia, TLfiiov^ precious, valuable. 
 Tevvalog^ ia, lov, generous. 
 'Qpatoc;, la, Xov^ ripe. 
 
 Hocr^^ yBvvaTog. Mtjtt}^ (fo0y}, B//3X/ov rifjjiov, *Xl^a7o(r 
 xal ayaQog. Xa^hig xat yivva7og, ^H ddiXcpTj (Sou /^oara/a. 
 'H [jjy]Tri^ /Jbov %^>j(J'r^. 'O ^arr,^ bixa/og xaj ysvvocTog. 
 *H jUbyjryj^ KaXrj %ai aya^Yj, 'O ahik(p6g (JjOD ysvvaTbg, 'H 
 adsXfyj 6o\) ^a^/gCtra. To iSijSX/ov dya^ov Jcr/, '^py}(Srov yd^ 
 l(Sri, *0 udsXfog (Sou ysvvaTog k6ri. 
 
 Hem. — Enclitics of two syllables likewise throw back tbeir ac- 
 cent when preceded by a word circumflexed on the penult. (See 
 Kern. Ex. 11.) 
 
 14, 
 
 'Apyot;, J7, 6v, uncultivated, indolent, idle, lazy. 
 'Epyacrt/co^, 97, 6v^ industrious, active, diligent. 
 Moyfpoc, «, OX', difficult, hard. 
 
 An industrious father. An active mother. A dili- 
 gent sister. An idle brother* The generous father. 
 The kind mother. The difficult book. My industrious 
 brother. My frivolous sister. My bad book. My 
 father is generous and just. Your book is good and use- 
 ful. Your sister is lazy. ' 'Your mother is good, for she 
 is diligent and kind. 
 
FIBST GllEEK COUllSE. 15 
 
 15. 
 
 E/, if. 
 
 Et, thou art, you are. 
 
 "Q, 0! 
 
 Ahaiog sJ, 'A^yog sJ /tai /xdratog, Aixaiog si %ai 
 yzvvahg, KaXhg eJ xai <so(p6g, 'A/a^jJ sf xai yjX2li(S(Sa, 
 E/ (jjaraiog sf, Tiaxbg eJ, E/ hixaiog gf, 6o(pog sJ, E/ 
 a^yog si, h^ya6riy.6g s(fri. E/ xaXri bI, ya^h(^(fd s(Sri, 
 Ef ysvvahg ', 'O ddsA(p6g (Sou dya^og scfriv, i^ya^rixhg yd^ 
 icfri. ^Xl jSilSXiov ! el /j^oys^ov. '^fl db'i'k<p7i ^ou ')(a^h6<Sa ! 
 
 Eem.— Words ending with a vowel sometimes take v when the 
 next word begins with another vowel. 
 
 16. 
 
 Msrptog, irt, oj/, moderate, cautious, mild. 
 TVkovaioQy ia^ ov, rich, 
 IXrw^og, 17, 6v, poor. 
 
 A moderate father. A mild mother. A valuable 
 book. The rich brother. The rich sister. A difficult 
 book. My poor father. Your poor mother. Thou art 
 cautious. Are you ricli } If you are rich, you are cau- 
 tious. If he is poor, you are generous. If she is poor, 
 you are rich. O my poor sister ! 
 
 17. 
 
 OJkoq (mase.), a house. 
 TpcLTTe^a {fem.)y a table. 
 ^dffydvov (neut.), a knife. 
 
 *0 olxog f/jov. *H r^d^itfL ilov. To (pd^yavov ffov. 
 
 O ^ocTTj^ f/^ov fjtroiyJ)g Idri, 'H (jjTirY^^ 6o\j it'Ko\j(siai hri. 
 To 8/p\io>/ [lov TiiJjtov hn, Olxog dyocdog, T^d^s^a 
 dya^Tj. To (pdayavov %a%6v s(jr/, 'O oJxog xaXog s(Sri, 
 
 H r^d'7r?.^a ^a^/gcca s(rri. To (pdc>yavov [JjO\j Y^Tidrov 
 sffriVy dya^hv yd^ s(fri. 
 
 Rem. — Some inanimate objects are masculine, some feminine^ 
 and some neuter. 
 
 B 2 
 
16 ahn's method. 
 
 18. 
 
 ^oLKivOog (6), a hyacintli. 
 Mvp&ivt) (r/), a myrtle, {fivp&ivfi), 
 'Fodov {to), a rose. 
 
 E:^M. — The article indicates the genders of the nouns. 
 
 A graceful hyacinth. A handsome myrtle. A pretty 
 rose. My bad knife* Your elegant house. A good 
 and useful table* The house is handsome and useful. 
 My graceful hyacinth. Your beautiful rose. O myrtle ! 
 thou art pretty* 
 
 19* 
 
 "ApTog (6), bread. 
 OIvoQ (6), wine. 
 "rdiop {t6)j water. 
 
 ^'A^fog aya^og, Ohog i/LokLg. "X^w^ y^^y^t^fm JE? 
 
 naXri. "Bidrt '7rXov(fiog, ''lE,(Pn 'TtXovaioL ; To D^w^ xaxov 
 idri. *n^aTog oJvog dyadog hri. ^n ^odov naXovl '^n d^gXp^! 
 sJ '7rXo\j(Sia za/ ysvva/a. 
 
 Eem. — 'Ecrt when it begins a sentence, or when used indepen- 
 dently, takes the accent on the first syllable. 
 
 "iTnrog (o), a horse. 
 Bvioxici {rf)y a repast, a feast. 
 Xwpiov {to)^ a field, farm, land. 
 
 A sagacious horse. A generous repast. A useful 
 farm. Ripe wine. Bread and water. My beautiful 
 horse. Your horse is handsome. My rich and generous 
 brother. My poor and industrious sister. Your land is 
 good, but it is uncultivated. If you are poor, your fa- 
 ther is rich* The bread is bad, but the wine is good* 
 
FIKST GKEEK COURSE. 
 
 21. 
 
 Tlalg (6 or >}), a boy, a girl, a child, a son. 
 
 *Avr}p, a man, 
 
 rvr]^, a woman, a lady, a wife. 
 
 'O 'TTaTg dyadog. IlaTg dyadyj, ^Avrj^ l^ya^riKog. 
 Tvvr] [laraia, 'O dvri^ binaiog Ttat yivva76g s(Srt, *H yovh 
 xaXyj kdri %ai p^a^/sCixa. *0 'ircug %a%6g k^riv^ d^yog 
 yd^ hri. *H cra/'g zaX?} hriv^ dya&r} yd^ s6ti, Th 
 yjfi^^iov otaTiov s6tiv^ d^yov yd^ edri. *0 /Wog 6ov %a},6g 
 
 22. 
 
 '2id7]pog (6), a sword. 
 
 ^ijjvrf (jj), a voice. 
 
 •'Ejoyoj/ (t6)^ an act, deed, work. 
 
 A handsome sword. A good voice. A generous 
 deed. The sword and the knife. The man and the 
 woman. The man is honest and diligent. The woman 
 is vain and indolent. The boy is clever, but lazy. The 
 girl is handsome, but frivolous. A vicious boy and a 
 lazy girl. The man is good, for he is just. The woman 
 is handsome, for she is good. O woman ! thou art 
 beautiful. 
 
 23. 
 
 Katvog, rj, oj/, new, fresh. 
 AtiXog, 7], ovy timid. 
 N£oe, vka, veoVy young. 
 
 ^Cfjvri dslXyj, Nsa Ta7g. Kaivhg oJvog, 'O 'TtaTg nog 
 16tU *0 (^Idrjpog fiov dyadog, *0 "jraTg vsog (fofog hn, 
 'H <7raT$ via, deiXif hr/, 'O l^^og /j^ov vsog lor/. 'H vsa 
 yuvri ')(CL^h6<sd s6ri, 'H ([Xfivri 6o\) KaKrj s6tu Harr,^ 
 aovj il diTcaiog xa/ yevvocToc. To vdojp dya^ov k<sri^ -/.arm 
 
 B 3 
 
18 aun's method. 
 
 Rem. — The euphonic letter v is sometimes added to a word at 
 tlie end of a sentence. (See Eem. Ex. 15.) 
 
 24. 
 
 AeivoQj il 6v, terrible, ferocious. 
 
 AicTxpoQi a, 01/, shameful, disgraceful, infamous, vile. 
 
 AoyiOQ, ia, ov, eloquent. 
 
 A terrible sword. A shameful deed. An eloquent 
 man. The repast is disgraceful. The bread is shame- 
 ful. The wine was infamous. A horse if sagacious is 
 useful, but a horse if ferocious is bad. The book is bad, 
 but it is eloquent. The girl is pretty, but she is timid. 
 An upright, generous, and eloquent man. An elegant, 
 handsome, and amiable woman. A young, beautiful, 
 and clever girl. O voice ! thou art terrible. 
 
 Rem. — The doubtful vowel a, when final in the feminine of ad- 
 jectives, is generally long ; this causes the accent of the masculine 
 to be thrown a syllable foi?ward, thus Xoytog, fern, \oyid, the changes 
 of the accent being regulated by the quantity of the final syllable. 
 Under such circumstances a circumflex becomes an acute, as lopalog, 
 fern, (tipaid, (See Appendix.) 
 
 25. 
 
 AvTov (of the same), his. 
 
 '"Rv, was, he was, she was, it was, there was. 
 
 Ot', ovK, ovxj elo, not. 
 
 *0 ddsX(pog avrov. 'H ddsXf)?} avrov. To jSi/SX/ov 
 avTov. 'H svaj^t(x> yjv dya^rj, *0 a^rog yjv dyadog. To 
 vdcf)^ YiV dyoL^ov. ^Hv h^ya^riTiog, ^Hv s^ya6ri7t7]. ^Hv 
 hy(x>(fr/x6v. 'O 6ihri^og riv Tcaxog, A/d^^bv yjv rh s^yov* 
 As/A?j Yiv yj yvvy). 'A^/ov rjv rh yjjiQiov, KaXog '/ji; o 
 i/ii/f./!/^og. /\()yiog rjv o dvrjp. 'O ohog riv Kccivog, Tb 
 
FIRST GEEEX CCmHSE. 19 
 
 ^'jj^iov rjv xaxlv^ d^yov ydo ifV. 'O ciprog dya^og rjVy 
 Kajvog yap rjv, Ov (So(p6g, 0\j?c koyacrinog. Ou^ M^a?bv. 
 
 Rem. — OvK is used before a vowel with a smooth aspirate, ovx 
 before a vowel with a rough aspirate, and ov before a consonant. 
 
 26. 
 
 Kopa^ (6), a crow. 
 KoXoioQ (6), a jackdaw. 
 "OpviQ (6 or rj)j a bird. 
 
 No table. No wine. No water. Not good. Not 
 bad. Not idle. He was poor. She was rich. It was 
 difficult. Was he clever ? Was she idle ? Was it 
 pretty ? A young crow. A timid bird. An eloquent 
 jackdaw. The crow was lazy. The jackdaw was ac- 
 tive. The rose was beautiful. The book was difficult. 
 The boy was vain. The girl was pretty. The water 
 was bad. The bread was new. His horse was useful. 
 His brother is clever and dihgent. His father is just and 
 generous. His mother is kind and good. 
 
 27. 
 
 yisyag, fxtydkr} {aXri)^ fiiyuj great, large, grand. 
 yUkag, fikXaiva, fxeXav, black, dark. 
 lioXuQ, ttoXXtj, ttoXv, much. 
 
 TloXvg aprog, Twyi /^sXa/i/a. "'Epyo'/ fj^syoc, 'O Kopa^ 
 asXccg kdri. *0 civrtO Xoyiog l6ri, Asihog ovx bJ. TlTOJVog 
 O'jx gf. IlXo'j(jiog oijx, bL *H jLLvpcfivrj zaXri ovx, jfv. O 
 aprog Tcaxog ovz yjv, *0 ohog ooPocTog ovx, rjV, 'O xopoc^ 
 nog ovx riv, *0 zoXoiog Xoyiog ovx r^v, '^Hv r\ yvvrj xaXyj ; 
 'Hv 6 dvYip yswaTog ; ^Hv ro yj/)piov dpyov\ "Tdoijp ovx BCfr/, 
 "A^rog ovx sen ; 
 
 ovKy takes the accent 
 
 PtEM. — 'Etrrt, when immediately preceded by 
 R the first syllable. (See Rem. ^x. 19.) 
 
20 ahn's method. 
 
 28. 
 
 MaicpGQj d, ovy long. 
 "A/cpog, «, ov, high. 
 Tpo;;^aXo^, ??, 61/, round. 
 
 A high house. A lor.g knife. A roun-d table. The 
 large myrtle. The black wine. The field is long. The 
 house is large and high. My round table. Thou art 
 wise, vain thou art not. You are not pretty. His bro- 
 ther was not poor. His sister was not rich. The man 
 was not honest. My mother was not indulgent. The 
 book was not difficult. The house was not high. The 
 sword was not long. The horse is not black. He is 
 not vicious. She is not handsome. It is not large. Is 
 it fresh ? There is no wine. Is there no knife ? 
 
 29. 
 
 TiQ ; {masc. and fern.), who ? which ? 
 
 Ti ; (neut,), what ? which ? 
 
 Otoe, Ota, olov, what a ! what a lovely ! what a magnificent I 
 
 Tig si] T/ s7; Tjg sW/ ; T/ sW/ ; T/g tJv ; T/ ?jv ; 
 Tig hri yJkycLg ; T/ l(iri [x.a%^6v ; Tig sdri 6 av?)^ ; T/ 
 hrt ?) yvvyj ; Tig \oywg l(Srt ; T/ ax^ov l<srl ; Tig a/(f^p6g 
 s(frt J Ti r^oyakov l(S7i ; Tig ^v 7] yovri ; Tl riv fLsXav] Tig 
 YjV a^yog ] Tl r]V cc^yov ] Tig ^v 6 'jrarri^ avrov ; Tl vjv 
 ddsXfog avrov ; ^n olog %6^a^ ! ^Xl oia yvv?} I ^H olov 
 ^odov ! 
 
 Rem. — Tig and ri used interrogatively retain the acute accent 
 hefore another word, but under other circumstances these particles 
 are enclitics. (See Hem. Ex. 5.) 
 
 30. 
 
 Asu)v (6), a lion. 
 Asaiva (rj), a lioness. 
 *E\8(paQ (6), an elephant. 
 
 A large elephant. A terrible lioness. A generous 
 lion. Who is rich ? What is bad ? Who is pretty ? 
 
FIEST GEEEK COUBSE. 21 
 
 What is handsome ? Who is amiable ? What is ripe ? 
 Who is clever ? What is a jackdaw ? What is the 
 man ? Who was active ? What was ferocious ? Who 
 was handsome ? Who was poor ? Who was vile and 
 ferocious ? Who was rich and wise ? Who was j^ust 
 and generous ? What was difficult ? What was good 
 and new ? What art thou ? Who was he ? What was 
 he ? Which is it ? Who is she ? 
 
 31. 
 
 'AXe^av^pog (6), Alexander. 
 nXoLTujv (6), Plato. 
 AhxyXoQ (6), ^schylus. 
 ^ejLLipdfJiLg (ry), Semiramis. 
 
 Asivri TjV 7} Xsa/i/a. TiwaTog rjv 6 T^scov, Msyccg rjv 6 
 sXefag. Mdraiog tfv 6 xoXoiog, * Aya&og hn zamg a^rog, 
 KaXog lari /Wog (xlkXag* Ko^u^ o^vig (So(pog ovx, gVr/. 
 'BSXjov ^oysfov yori^rh ovx gVr/. E/ oJvog xa/vog s^tiv^ 
 aya^hg oh% 'icri. E/ "I'^'rrog ds/X6g Idr/^ TtaTcog k(STi, E/ 
 y^u^iov cLPyov hcrij xaXhn ovx gVr/. T/j rjv 'S.s/ubi^a/xig ; 
 T/ ^1/ Ai(r^vXog ; HXdrcav iJ\ Msyag rjv 6 ' AXs^avd^og, 
 
 Rem. — The article is sometimes used as a mark of distinction 
 with proper names, 
 
 32. 
 
 NtKjj (>?), a victory 
 *0p/i?7 (r)), an enterprise. ' 
 "OttXov {to), a weapon. 
 XpCJfia {T6)y a colour. 
 
 The weapon was terrible. The colour was black. 
 The victory was great. The enterprise was difficult. 
 The horse was not sagacious. The lioness was not 
 ferocious. The crow was not timid. The elephant was 
 not young. The jackdaw was not black. The bread 
 was not good. The water was not fresh. The wine 
 was not bad. The table was not round. Thou art not 
 
22 ahn's method. 
 
 Plato. Art thou ^schylus ? Alexander was wise and 
 generous. Semiramis was just and good. O, what a 
 lovely colour ! O, what a magnificent weapon ! 
 
 33. 
 
 BacTiXsvg (6), a king. 
 Ba(7i\i(J(Ta (rj), a queen. 
 ^iXScrocpoQ (6), a philosopher. 
 Hotrjrrjg (6), a poet. 
 
 UXdrMV 6 (piX6(^o(pog, AhyyXog 6 'Troirjryjg. BoL6iXi66oL 
 vsa %a} koCXti, 'H ^a(SiXi66a yivvaia xai y^a^h66a. *H 
 ^a6iXi66a (fofyj l6ri %ai dixoc/a, E/ ^aL(SiX[(^6a ds/Xr} 
 s(^T^, ')(^^ri(^rr} oh% s(^ri, 'Ba(^iXsvg dsiXog, 'O (3a(^iXei'g 
 a\(Sy^^og, Mdraiog tjv o ^cc(fiXBvg, El 'KTt^yog o (3a(^iXs{jg 
 s6rt^ ')(^^Yi(STog ovx sVr/. ^sX6(ro(pog sL TLoiTjTTjg h(Sri, 
 *0 dhiX(p6g fJ^o\j (piX6(ro(pog ohx t^Ti, 2o(phg tjv IJXdruv, 
 As/vog TjV ' AXs^avd^og 6 (3a(^iXs'jg. Aoyiog rjv Al^ynjXog 
 6 ^oirjTTjg. MsydXrj rjv ^efJbi^afMig t] l3adXi(f<ra, "^il 
 (3a(SiXi(S(ra ! sJ ysvva/a %cci dya&T], 
 
 Eem. — The noun naming the rank or quality of any person is 
 placed last, with the article before it. 
 
 34. 
 
 "OjirjpoQ (6), Homer. 
 KpolaoQ (6), Croesus. 
 Eojicpdrrjc (dri^g) (6), Socrates. 
 KXEOTrarpa (r;), Cleopatra. 
 
 King Croesus. The poet Homer. The philosopher So- 
 crates. Queen Cleopatra. A great king. A good queen. 
 A poor poet. A rich philosopher. The king your father. 
 My brother the poet. Your sister the queen. Art thou 
 Croesus ? Is she Cleopatra ? What was he ? Homer was 
 a great poet. Croesus was a rich king. Cleopatra was 
 not an amiable woman. Socrates was a poor, but an 
 honest man. Alexander was a great and a good king. 
 
FIEST GEEEK COUKSE. 23 
 
 Semiramis was a wise and a just queen. If Plato was 
 eloquent, Socrates was upright. O Cleopatra! thou 
 art vain. 
 
 35. 
 
 UdvQy eia, u, pleasant, delightful, charming. 
 TXvKvg, fia, v, sweet, agreeable, delicious. 
 ^OU'Qi eia, V, sharp, quick, rapid, swift. 
 BaOvQj eiay Vy deep. 
 
 IdTi TO vb(f)^. Th XP^l^^ ^^^ ^^^'* T/ xpojfjja Tjdv k6ri ; 
 To mXov b^v Idri. T/ oirXov b^v 2671 ; 'H h^firi ovtc 
 TjV 7]hi7cc. 'O /Weg b^ijg ovtc tjv. Tb %w^/ov avrou yjdu 
 sen. 'H ipMvri avrov yXvKsTd l(^ri. 'H svoj^/a rjv yjdsTa, 
 'O &^rog TjV Tjbvg %cct ayado^. IIoiT^Trig 7]hvg ^v 6 Ai^juXog. 
 VXvKvg rjv 6 aprog^ xaivhg ya^ 7]V. 'H^t)g r^v 6 ohog^ 
 ojpaTog yag rjv. TXvtcv ^v to x)h(f)p^ aya^hv yag r\v. To 
 <pa6yavov fj^ov ')(j>y\(Srdv heriv., b^v yd^ sdTt, '^tl o'ia (pojVTj ! 
 
 Eem. — The article is used in Greek with names of virtues, vices, 
 colours, and some nouns, taken in a general sense, as to irvp, Jlre, 
 TO vdujp, water. Also with names of countries, as rj 'Affia, Asia. 
 
 36, 
 
 MrjXov (to), an apple. 
 BorpvQ., (6), a grape, a bunch of grapes. 
 ^AvsfiojvT) {rj)y a wind-flower, anemone. 
 "AvOoQ {to), a flower. 
 
 A delightful enterprise. A. pleasant and agreeable 
 colour. The rose is sweet. The apple is pretty. The 
 anemone is a charming flower. The bunch of grapes is 
 handsome. The flower is beautiful. The apple was 
 sweet, for it was ripe. The bunch of grapes was deli- 
 cious, for it was fresh. The hyacinth is charming, for 
 the colour is beautiful. An elegant anemone, and a deli- 
 cious rose. A graceful hyacinth, and a handsome myrtle. 
 O flower ! thou art beautiful. O, what a magnificent 
 anemone ! 
 
24 ahn's method. 
 
 37. 
 
 BvToXfioQ (6, 17), neut. ov, bold, daring, fearless. 
 *^\srjix(ji)v (6, ?7), neut. ov, merciful, compassionate. 
 *AKavOu)Si]Q (a, 77), ^e?^^. w^fc> thorny, covered with thorns. 
 'krjdrjQ (6, ?;), ?^^w^. eg, disagreeable, unpleasant, harsh. 
 
 My}rr}p IXs^f/^oov. Uarrj^ sXiyj/Muv, Xojp/ov axavQojhg* 
 
 * O ircug iuroXfLog, *Il 'TraTg evroXfJUig. 'O jS or pv g arjdyjg s(Sr,, 
 
 * O ohog dr}d7]g hri. To vdoo^ arjdsg s<rri^ 'H o^/JbTj dy}drig tjk 
 To e^yov dy^dlg rjv, E; yoi^iov dxav^Zihig l67i,^ ^^ri(frov ovx 
 gVr/. ' AXs^avdpog 6 fSacfiXsvg r)V iuroXfJbog. KXso^ar^a 7} 
 ^a(siXi()6a riv iXsTjfiojv, 'O xoXoiog o^vig drjdrjg Jcr/. To 
 jUbsXav ^^u}/Jboc dTjdsg i(Srt, 'H dvi[Jb(S)vri av^og yXvxu \^7tv, 
 *H (poiivri avrov dridrig r^v, A/c^^vXog t}V ^oirir^g svroXf/jog. 
 *A555)5^ rjv 6 a^rog. 
 
 Eem. — Adjectives generally have three terminations, but some 
 have two only, one for the masculine and feminine, and another 
 for the neuter. These usually end in oq or wv, and have ov for 
 the neuter, or in rjg with eg for the neuter. 
 
 38. 
 
 TifiLOQ^ ia^ ovy honourable, estimable, commendable. 
 AvaT7]^6gy oVy haughty, repulsive, severe. 
 AvGTvx^Q, fC» miserable, wretched, indigent. 
 ^v(Te[3rjQ, €Qf pious. 
 
 A repulsive voice. A field covered with thorns. The 
 king is haughty. My father is a brave man. My mother 
 is a fearless woman. My brother is a bold boy. My 
 sister is a daring girl. Your father is severe, but just. 
 The enterprise was shameful. The deed was disgraceful. 
 My poor and wretched brother, Art thou pious } If 
 thou art pious, thou art estimable. Your horse is miser- 
 able and vile. Your house is poor and wretched. My 
 mother is amiable, for she is pious. Socrates was a pious 
 philosopher. You are commendable, for you are indus- 
 trious. Croesus was haughty, for he v/as rich. The book 
 is estimable, for it is good. The queen is estimable, for 
 she is merciful. Alexander was commendable, for he was 
 a just and brave king. 
 
riKST GUEFK COUKSE. 25 
 
 39. 
 
 Wifii (enclitic), 1 ain. 
 
 Et Kai, even if, though. 
 
 Hag TTciffa, irav^ each, every, all. 
 
 OvTOQ^ avTrj, rovTOy this. 
 
 'TdxivQog ovro-g, Mu^Ctivt} avrr}, *F6dov rouro. *0 
 /V'Tog ovrog fJbsXag scfri. 'H Vixr). avry} /nsydXr} IdrL 
 To av^og roDro TiaXov 267t. Avffrvy^Tjg si/j^i, K^oT(^6g 
 bJ/JjI ; 'EXs'/J/^wv s/'/x/ ;ca/ de/Xog, UoiTjTrig ovk sI/jlL T/V 
 £/((;£// ; Av(ST'y}^6g sl^i ; T/$ oSrog hriv ; ^t'k6&o<fog 
 av<^T7)fog fjv 6 UXdroov, 'O Xswi^ ^?3^/ov IXsTJ^aov %a} ysv- 
 vaTov i(Sri, Tlav vdoj^ ou (Scc^l) s6ti. Hag ^acf/Xsvg oit 
 (jjST^iog hri, Ilacra ^a6iXi66a o\j% eXsTj-aci^v scrL Uav 
 ^i(3Xiov ob [j^oyi^ov s67i. To (fd^yavov xa'/iov k^rtv^ si zee} 
 h'^'j, *0 dvr^p yzvvaiog \67iv^ s/ %ai fjtroiy^og. To ^Sfjolov 
 dyoc^ov hriv, g; zai dTcavdujdsg, *0 ^or^v-g yXvTthg iffrrp^ 
 il xai oj^aTo^ o'j% s(^ti, 
 
 Eem. — E(/zi heing an eaiclitic of two syllables, the accent is 
 subject to the same variations as that of sort, but slfxi does not take 
 the accent on the first syllable. (See Eem. Ex. 27.) 
 
 40. 
 
 "AvOpojTTOQ (6, ?7), a human being, a man, a woman. 
 Zwoo/ (to), a living creature, an animal, a beast. 
 Qrjpiov {to), a wild- beast, an animal, a brute. 
 OvrjTog, ?7, 6v, mortal, perishable. 
 
 This house, this table, and this knife. This bunch of 
 grapes is delicious. This anemone is charming. This 
 rose is beautiful. What is this ? Man is mortal. What 
 am I ? I am wretched and vile. Am I vain ? I am not 
 ferocious. If I am not rich, thou art not handsome. 
 I am no philosopher. Every living creature is mortal. 
 The lion is a generous brute. The horse is a sagacious 
 beast. Every crow is black. All wine is not sweet. 
 Every victory is not grand. The man is not vile, even it 
 wretched. The boy is vain, though clever. This win- 
 is good, though new^ 
 
26 ahn's method. 
 
 41. 
 
 ^OsvoQ {t6)^ strength. 
 ^Osvdpogy a, 6v, strong, robust, vigorous. 
 'AaOsveia (^)), weakness, infirmity, illness. 
 *A.aQivr}q, eg, weak, feeble, infirm. 
 
 *0 'jraTg 6kva^6g, *H 'jroug a^kvrjg, 'O Xswi/, ^55^/01' 
 ffhvafov xai yswaTov, Th ^mv rouro d(^kvsg s(Sri, Yiav 
 6y}^iov oh 6kva^6v B6ru Hag (piXo^ocpog ovx zhdi^vig I(Sti. 
 TLag o^vig ob /jjsXccg S67L Ilao'a (pcfjvri ov-^ 7]ds7d hri, 
 *H d(^$svsia avrou jLosydX?} stSrL *0 ^raTg 6o(p6g s(Sriv^ 2/ 
 %ai vsog, 'O d^rog zaxSg Icr/v, s/ xai %aiv6g, Th (Skvog 
 avrov oh pfzya l(SrL 'H 2s^a/^a/^/^ ^v yovy] (^hva^d, *H 
 KXsoTTar^a ?}y yvvri dcfkvyjg, *H ^a6'iXi(^6a dvf^rv^Tjg ^v, 
 d(^kvrig yd^ rjv. *0 jSa^iXBvg svToX/jbog jjv, (Skva^og ydp r^v, 
 *H d^^svsia 6o\) TO ckvog /m'j i(Sri. 
 
 Eem. — When two or more enclitics come together^ they throw 
 back their accents upon each other. 
 
 42. 
 
 TlLvcLKiov (to), a tablet. 
 MspoQ (to), a part, a portion. 
 Uepiodog, (j]), a circuit, a globe, 
 a map. 
 
 YioraiiQQ (6), a river. 
 HdpdaKit; {7)), a panther, a leo- 
 pard. 
 KapTTog (6), fruit, a result. 
 
 A good portion. A bad part. A large tablet. A 
 useful map. Man is compassionate. Illness is not 
 pleasant. This river is deep. This man is infirm. This 
 apple is ripe and sweet. Your brother is not robust. My 
 sister is feeble. Your horse is weak. Work and strength. 
 Poor and wretched man ! The panther is a ferocious 
 animal. The grape is a delicious fruit, A feeble man is 
 timid. A vigorous man is bold. Every enterprise is not 
 commendable. Every knife is not sharp. Man is mortal, 
 even if rich and great. The water is not sweet, even if it 
 is fresh. The weapon is good, for it is sharp. The ele- 
 phant is useful, for he is strong and sagacious. O, what 
 a magnijficent brute ! 
 
FIRST OREEK COTJESE, 27 
 
 43. 
 
 "Ei'daificov, ov, happy, fortunate. 
 '^vSo^oQ, or, glorious, renowned. 
 "AXkT/xoc, ov, powerful. 
 
 ^XTTEprjcpavoQ, ov, proud. 
 'ATL6d(T<TsvTog, ov, implacable. 
 "A(p6ovoQj ov, abundant. 
 
 ' Avrio i\)hciifjj(f)v. T'ovri svdaj/ubcov, Zmv zuhaifj^ov, *0 
 olvog a<pdov6g scfri, 'H svM'^/a a(pQov6g \(^ri. To vdoj^ 
 ao^ovov \6rt, ' T'7rsP7}<pocvog sL E/ v'TTs^^pavog sJ, aTidd(f- 
 (fsvrog il, Eu^aZ/xwv gf; 'O Tia^^og r}v ivdo^og. To s^yov 
 r/v svdo^ov. "^vdo^og tjv t) v/zy}. *0 " Ojubrjpog rjv 'Trotrjrric 
 ivdo^og, 'O Icfi'/.^drrig rjv (pi'k6(fo(pog svdo^og, *0 Xsoov 
 hiokv akxiiMov \6ri. 'H Tdc^^aX/g, Qyi^iov ak'/j[Mov Ttai 
 hiivov, *0 sXgpag, Zojov a\yj[jjOv zat ^^ri(fr6v, 'H KX?oVar^a, 
 ^a(f/Xt(f(^a v^BPyjfavog zai ari&d^^iurog, 'O 'AXsgav^fog, 
 3a(riXs'jg \)^sP7i(pavog zal dT/dd(r(fsvrog. Ila^ av^^wcro^ ovx. 
 i-jdalfcajv k(Srh^ 2/ 7tai i:Xol}(Siog %ai [isyag. 'O dbsX(pog 
 avrov ehdaifxcfiv s6ri, (Jjzyag yd^ Icr/ za/ dXzi/Mog. Eu^cc/^awv 
 il/jbi\ £/ za/ 'jrrotj^qg %ai dvi^rv^rjg. 
 
 44. 
 
 'A(pavi]Q, kg, obscure. 
 ^vpvg, ela, v, broad, vast. 
 ApifiVQ, ela, V, fierce. 
 
 ^poj^ijuoc, ov, prudent. 
 ''A(ppiov, ov, imprudent. 
 YjvytviiQ, eg, noble, illustrious. 
 
 A fierce man. A fierce woman. A fierce animal. The 
 river is broad. The enterprise is vast. The field is vast. 
 The river is broad and deep. Every map is usefal. All 
 fruit is pleasant. Every tablet is not round. This man 
 is fierce and implacable. Your father was not an obscure 
 man. The deed was obscure. Every river is not broad. 
 All water is not sweet. You are poor and industrious. 
 I am poor and indigent. My mother was an obscure, but 
 an intelligent woman. My father was a noble and ho- 
 nourable man. ^schylus was an obscure poet. Croesus 
 was a rich, but not a wise king. The lioness is a fierce 
 and powerful animal. The panther is a fierce and terrible 
 brute. The rose is a sweet and beautiful flower. Alex- 
 
 c 2 
 
28 
 
 AHN S METHOD . 
 
 ander was a great and noble king. Semiramis was a 
 brave and estimable queen. Socrates was a prudent 
 man and a pious philosopher. Cleopatra was a beautiful 
 woman, but an imprudent queen. 
 
 45. 
 
 Zwypa^oc (o(})og) (6), a painter. 
 'ZrpaTTfyoQ (6), a general. 
 'FijTojp (6), an orator. 
 
 Upocpi'jrrjg (o), a prophet. 
 "Ava^ (6), a prince. 
 Etvaij to be. 
 
 *0 rrQTcc/jjOi ovz eii^vg z(Sri. *0 xap'rog ovrog yXvzvg Ttai 
 r^d'jg i6ri. 'O ^s^Iodog ourog dya^og s6rt. To T/vax/ov 
 toijto y(^^r,(rT6v sifn, 'H o^/x?^ gcutti (po6vi[j,6g s(Sri, 'O civa^ 
 dvTi^ (ppovifLog Jcr/. IlPof)rirrig svtss^rig %ai 6o(p6g. 2r^a- 
 ryjyog e'uToXfLog %ai \\iriij.m. Z(/)y^d(pog svysvrig %al 
 IJjsyag. 'F'/jtoj^ Xoyiag xai (Skvapog, 'Aya^og sdrt^ 
 spyccfrrixdg elvai. '2oip6g h67t^ (p^mfMog ihai. KaXog sffrij 
 sXsTj/jLCfjv shai, O '7r^ofp7}r7}g sJfLi. 'P^rwp ovx sI/j^L *0 
 ddsXf>og ccvTou ^T^arr/yog stSn. Tig sJ] Zcfjypd(pog sJ\ 
 lldv XJ^ay hyjTov sc^n, Tldg dva'^ ovk shbaifMo^y Icfri, 
 Udffa svcoy^ia o\j% a(pQo]^6g l6ri, *0 Xiwk Qtipiov dpi/j^v zai 
 
 olo]/ ^ojov I 
 
 AlyvTTTLa (r/),anEgyptian(/^;w). 
 MaKtdwv (6), Macedonian, a Ma- 
 cedonian. 
 Tafxiag (6), a dictator. 
 
 46. 
 
 *A(T(7i;pto^"(6),an Assyrian. 
 *A(T(yvpia (r)), an Assyrian {fern.) 
 AiyvTrrioQ (6), Egyptian, an 
 Egyptian. 
 
 The Macedonian prophet. The Assyrian poet. The 
 Egyptian dictator. Every fierce animal. Every animal 
 is not fierce. This animal is not fierce. Every prince. 
 Every fortunate prince. p]very prince is not fortunate. 
 Is this prince happy f Alexander was a Macedonian. 
 Semiramis w^as an Assyrian. Cleopatra was an Egyptian. 
 To be poor is unpleasant. It is agreeable to be rich. 
 
FiEST greeb: course. 29 
 
 To be generous is amiable. The lioness is ferocious. The 
 ferocious lioness. The lioness is a ferocious wild beast. 
 The lion is a powerful, but a generous brute. A fierce 
 panther is a terrible animal. Semiramis the Assyrian, 
 was a brave woman and a noble queen. Cleopatra the 
 Egyptian, was not a fortunate queen. 
 
 47. 
 
 'ATTsWvg (6), Apelles. I FdyyriQ (6), the Ganges. 
 
 ^rjfiocrOsvrjQ (6), Demosthenes. 'NslXog {6\ the Nile. 
 'Icratag (6), Isaiah. | "EjSpog (d), the Hebrus. 
 
 ' A'lrsXXrig 6 Z^ojy^oL^poc, 'l(ra'iag 6 '7r^o(p7jT7)g, ATj/j^oc^^svrig 
 6 '^TjTOjp, *0 Ns/Xog 'jtorauJhi Alyxj^riog hart. 'O "'E^^og 
 "TTOTaHiog b^vg hri. "Evdo^og hri, 'Evyhvrig sJ, "A(ppcjijv 
 s/,aL ' Avri^ 'JTroj^og dvc^rv^rjg hri, 'Bac^iXsvg d(^hvyig ovx, 
 svdaifiMV s(Sri, Zmv a6hv2g b'j6T\}'^sg h(STi, TvvTi /^ccra/a 
 ohx svda//uba)v I^tL liobg ^r^arriyog ob (ro(p6g hru Udp- 
 daXig d^ifjbsTa. Ila^ra itdphaXig d^ifj^sTd l(Sri, Jlav 'Ipyov 
 ovx hbo^ov ecsri. Hag ^ot)y^d(pog ov7t i^yadrr/.og \(fri. 'O 
 ^po(p^T?}g fidratog, 'H dsiXy) A/yvTrr/a. ' A^sXXrjg ^v 
 t^ajy^dpog evysvyjg, ^l(Saiag ^v 'irpo(p7jr7)g fj^syag, A>j,<AO(r- 
 0evy)g yjv ^^rw^ ri/Jbiog, ^yadTiTthg yd^ tjv. 
 
 ^ev^tg (o), Xeuxis. 
 KiKspdjv (b), Cicero. 
 UepdiKKag (6), Perdiccas. 
 
 48. 
 
 'B7rafjLiLV(jjvdag (6), Epaminon- 
 
 das. 
 'IcTOKpdrrig {aTrjg) (6), Isocrates. 
 ^vXXag (6), Sylla. 
 
 Isocrates the orator. General Epaminondas. Sylla 
 the dictator. Perdiccas the Macedonian. Xeuxis was a 
 renowned painter. Cicero was a great orator. The re- 
 nowned poet Homer. Who is renowned ? Who is a 
 poet ? Which is the orator ? What is a dictator ? Was 
 the victory glorious ? Was the deed honourable ? Was 
 the enterprise commendable ? To be lazy is shameful. 
 
 c 3 
 
30 ahn's method. 
 
 My brother is infirm. Your father, the general, is not 
 strong. The black horse is vigorous. This wine is black, 
 but it is good. The apple is large, but it is ripe. The 
 bread is new, but is infamous. The repast was abundant, 
 but it was disagreeable. A prudent prince is an estimable 
 man. A wise queen is an estimable woman. A proud 
 man is not a good general. An imprudent king is not a 
 happy man. Every man is not vile, though poor and 
 indigent. If a man is infirm, he is miserable, even if 
 rich and great. 
 
 49. 
 
 UoXsfiog (6), war. 
 *H(jvxi^a (rf), peace. 
 Kpvfiog (o), cold. 
 Qspfirj (97), heat. 
 
 TJovrjpia (r/), evil. 
 *Aya96v {to), good. 
 Utvia (77), poverty. 
 UXovTOQ (6), wealtli. 
 
 Asmg Ic^Tiv 6 TToXi/uijog, 'EXsyjfj^cavstSriv tj ?i(fv^ia. Tif/biov 
 edTf TO dyadov, ' ATidd(^(jsvr6g \6riv 57 ^ovrj^ia, lldg av- 
 ^^Cfj^og irXohdiog ovtc aXxi/u^og zdrt, lldv civOog ov %aX6v 
 \6rt, lldda b^fjjYi ov ripi^ia styrL IlaCa /SccC/X/^rfTa ou 
 (p^ovifjjog \6Ti, 'O K^vf^hg o^bg scfri. *H ds^f/jT, d^i/iLsTd Wr/. 
 UovTjp/a (jjsyaXYi \(Sriv 6 ^oXs/Mog, *0 -ra/g svroXfjbog \(Sriv^ g/ 
 xai vsog, *H 'jraTg d^yy} s6tiv^ s/ %ai crofr], *0 x^vfLog ovrog 
 dyjdrjg s6ri, 'H Qs^ijjTI a\)rr\ yjdsTd 26ri, "Ehysvrig 'jtivioL ovx, 
 aJ(f^^d sdri. TsvvaTbg ^rXourog "kXsyj/jjOjv Wr/. 'O itoXiihog 
 riiJjiog \6riv^ g/ d/xaiog \csri, 'H r\6\)'^ia aKSy^od Icr/i/, 21 
 a<p^Cfjv IdrL *0 ol%og (mod ')(j^7\(Srdg \(iri^ n>^yag ydg Wr/i'. 'H 
 r^a-^rs^a a\)ry\ ya^iid^d \cri^ rpo-^aXri yd^ Wr/i/. To ^tfSX/ov 
 Tovro yjpYi(irdv \(Sti xal oh (Moyzpov, To yjjip'io), avrov dya^ov 
 26rtv^ g/ xa/ dTtccv^ojdsg, Ovtc dvrip y^vvouog riv l,{jXXag 6 
 rafjJag, 
 
 Eem. — The words arc arranged in the Greek sentence according 
 to the order of their importance, the most emphatic word being 
 generally placed first. 
 
FIliST GllEEK COUESE. 31 
 
 50. 
 
 "Eap (to), spring. I S^'oX^ (?)), idleness. 
 
 XsifLia (ro), winter. I KdfiaroQ (6), industry. 
 
 'Aperi] {ri)y virtue, "ETrriXaiov {to)^ a cave. 
 
 KoTTog (6), toil, labour. j ToTrog (6), a place. 
 
 A vast cave. A place covered with thorns. Honour- 
 able toil. Noble virtue. Idleness is disgraceful. Industry 
 is commendable. A wise king is just and prudent. Every 
 man is estimable, if he is honest and diligent. A boy is 
 vile, if he is idle and frivolous. A girl is not amiable, if 
 she is vain and indolent. A man is not estimable, if he is 
 proud and haughty. Alexander was a fortunate king, for 
 he was great and powerful. Semiramis was a good queen, 
 for she was fearless and merciful. The field, though vast, 
 is not useful, for it is uncultivated. O spring ! thou art 
 charming. O winter ! thou art severe. O what a magni- 
 ficent cave I 
 
 51. 
 
 ^HdivjVy (liiiv), ov, pleasactiT, 
 
 more delightful. 
 KaXXio)^, (laiJ/), 01/, handsomer, 
 
 prettier, more beautiful. 
 "H, than. 
 
 AfLtivcjv, ov, better, more ami- 
 able. 
 KaKiiov Qiov), ovy worse, more 
 
 wicked. 
 Mei^ijjv, ov, greater, larger. 
 
 To'TTog a/jbSivojv, ' O^firi a/zs/vwv. "'E^yov a/nsivov, *0 
 oivog y}dic/t}v, *H suw^/a Tjdiojv. To vdojp TJdiov, 'O 'TraTg 
 TcaKlojv, *H 'jraTg a///s/vwi/. To t^cLov fLi7Zpv. *0 avTip 
 fjLSf^ojv, 'H y:vvri xaXX/wv. *0 Ssv^ig y]V <^(/jy^d(pog 
 d(pavy}g. *0 AhyfyXog ijV 'iroiriTYig gv^o^og. Mzyag r]V 
 l(Saiag 6 ^^o(prirrig. ^sfji,ipafLig 7] 'Acro'L/^/a r}V ^a<siXi<S6(x. 
 
 Ev(rsBrig Tjv ^ojTC^drTjg 6 <pfX6(to(pog, '0 'E'TTot/Mi foovdag -qv 
 (^TParrj'yog sAS'/J/xwv, xcci dvrjp o/xaiog, 'A^g/vwv yj SiXXag. 
 KarJcov T^ KXsoVocrpa. Msi^oov i^ ' KXi^avb^og, *^bim 
 7] oho?, '^H syoj %a7,\tojv. 
 
32 ahk's method. 
 
 52. 
 
 imprudent. 
 ^povifjLiorepogj spay ov, n 
 
 prudent. 
 BaOvrepoQ^ kpa, or, deeper. 
 
 'EvpvTtpog, 6pa.oi;,broader, more 
 
 vast. 
 nXovcTLOJTspog, epa, or, riclier. 
 '2o(p(x)rspoQ, spa, ovj wiser, more 
 
 intelligent. 
 
 Eem. — Some adjectives have irregular comparatives, as dyaOogy 
 "good;" cLfisLViov, "better." Some form their comparative in 
 i(i)v, as KaicoQj "bad;" KaKiijjv, "worse :'^ but generally, the com- 
 parative is formed by adding repog to the root of the positive, as 
 BaOvg, "deep;" BaOvrepog, " deeper :*' o being changed into (o 
 when preceded by a short syllable, as (To(p6g, (To^ilyrepog, Adjec- 
 tives, however, in wv form the comparative by adding EGrepog to the 
 neuter, as d(pp(i>v, cuppoveaTepog. (See Appendix.) 
 
 Better bread. A pleasanter repast. A prettier animal. 
 A wiser boy. A more intelligent girl. A more sagacious 
 animal. A richer king. A handsomer queen. A more 
 prudent enterprise. A more imprudent act. A deeper 
 and broader river. A vaster field. The more beautiful 
 v^oman. He is a v^icked boy. She is a worse girl. 
 This is a prettier book. Richer than Croesus. Deeper 
 than the Hebrus. Eroader than the Nile. More impru- 
 dent than wise. More prudent than generous. Prettier 
 than a rose. Wine is better than water. 
 
 53. 
 
 ''ApLCTTog, icTTrjy ov, best, most 
 
 amiable, very good. 
 KnKKTTog, i(TTrfy ov, worst, most 
 
 wicked, very bad. 
 KaWtffrog, iarr], or, prettiest, 
 
 handsomest, very beautiful. 
 
 MeynTTog, iffTi], ov, 
 
 greatest. 
 "E.di(TTog, i(jTi]y or, pleasantest, 
 
 most delightful, very charming. 
 'Er^o^oTttro^', rdrrj, or, most 
 
 glorious, very renowned. 
 
 *0 aprog dyadog, '0 d^rog dfjLsivojv, *0 d^rog d^tdrog, 
 'H op[jjr\ %a%Yi, 'H b^fj^ri %a%i(/)v, *H opfj^ri %a%i(iTYi, 
 To y^^Ziihd Tiokov. To yj^ZiiJ.^ naXkiov, To y^pooi^a xaCK- 
 7.i(iTOV, '0 dvriP />£'2y/o'roc. 'H yxjvri fiiyidTTi, To ^( 
 fMsyidrov, Olvog ribidrog, EOwp^^/oc yjdi(^ryi, "Tdojp rjdt(Srov, 
 lloiriTTig ii/bo'^orarog ^v 6 ' OfJ^ri^og. Kap'TToc rihicrog k6Tiv 
 
 OJOlf 
 
FIRST GREEK COURSE. 33 
 
 (SoT^ug iioahg. ^i\6(So(pog svdo^orarog rjv 6 Swx^arjjj. 
 To o^Xov a^KSrov sffrtv 6 (ridrjpog, *0 Arj/J^ocfdsvrjg r}V ^rjTMa 
 si/do^6rarog, 'O oJvog 6 7Jd/(fr6g hnv 6 /j^eXag. ZMy^d<pog 
 hdo^orarog tjv 6 'AcrsXXjjg. 
 
 54. 
 
 ^otpiJrdTOQ, TOLTT], oVy "wisest, 
 most intelligent, very sagacious. 
 
 liKovcnujTdTOg, TCLTrjy ov^ rich- 
 est, very rick. 
 
 ^fiOvifxiordroQ^ Tarr]^ ov, most 
 prudent, very prudent. 
 
 Evjourarog, toltt], ov, broadest, 
 
 vastest, very broad. 
 BaOvrdrog. Tarrjj ov, deepest, 
 
 very deep. 
 'A(ppops<7TdTog, rdrrj^ ov, most 
 
 imprudent, very imprudent. 
 
 Eem. Some adjectives have irregular superlatives, as dyndog, 
 "good;" dpicrrogy " best;" some make the superlative in icrrog, as 
 KaKog, ''bad;" KaKwrog^ "worst:" but generally, the superlative is 
 formed by adding rdrog (but if in oji/, ecTTdrog) to the root of the 
 positive, as in the foregoing examples. (See Appendix.) 
 
 An intelligent boy. A most intelligent boy. A saga- 
 cious horse. A more sagacious horse. A most saga- 
 cious horse. A clever girl. A cleverer girl. A very 
 clever girl. A rich man. The richest man. A prudent 
 prince. A most prudent prince. A most imprudent king. 
 A most imprudent queen. The broadest and deepest 
 river. The largest farm. Croesus was the richest king. 
 Epaminondas was a most prudent general. Cleopatra 
 was a most imprudent queen. I am rich. He is richer. 
 Thou art richest. 
 
 55. 
 
 *Av^^ zXBrjfiovsffrspog. Vvvri eXsrifiovsffrs^a, Zmv sXgaj- 
 fMovs(fTSpov. 'O (^Idrj^og b^vrspog, *H (pCfjvri o^vrs^a. To 
 (pdcjavov o^vrsoov. Tla,Trio dizaiors^og. Mtjt/jp giKTs/Sgc- 
 rspa, BijSXiov TifMi6rs^ov, KoXoiog /m^sXdvrs^og rj Tcopa^, 
 ^Trjrc/jp XoytojTSPog -q l(i07ipdTT,g. 'Av/^^ bv^rvy^i^n^og '^ 
 iyu). Batf/X/tftra fj:,2r^iojTs^a rj KXsoVar^a. "Tdoop yXv- 
 y,-jrzPOv T] oJvog, Tvvri ihysvi^rspa rj ^i[jjipafLig, " kva^ 
 'TtTifi-^riTipog 7] (piX6(ro<pog, Tvvt} rj avri^ d<jhv£(fTs^a edri 
 
34 ahn's method, 
 
 3ta/ dsiXoTs^a, Asaiva ij Trd^daXic aXxi/ubMrs^a lo'r/ xai 
 dsivorspoc. "F.^yov svyiisg j] v/xtj /xzydXyj svdo^ors^ov l6ri, 
 KaXXioov rjv 6 vaxivdog, 'Hd/oov rj (Syjikri, ^ Afjjuvov ^TtT^iiyoc, 
 sJvai 7) a<p^a)v, ^K(jjiiv6v (fr^arrjyog cyadhg uvai^ rj jScccT/- 
 
 56. 
 
 More delicious wine. A more agreeable repast. 
 Sweeter water. Pleasanter fruit. A more delightful 
 voice. A more charming colour. The handsome house. 
 The prettier table. The more beautiful farm. A nobler 
 man. A more illustrious lady. A more noble animal. 
 Richer than a prince. Poorer than Homer. More com^ 
 passionate than a woman. Sharper than a sword. Blacker 
 than a crow. Apelles was a better painter than Xeuxis. 
 Socrates was a more pious philosopher than Plato. 
 Croesus was richer than Alexander. Demosthenes was 
 more eloquent than Cicero. An elephant is more 
 powerful than a lion. An anemone is a prettier flower 
 than a hyacinth. It is more prudent to be just than 
 generous. 
 
 57. 
 
 ^AvYj^ rifj^iog. ^ Avri^^ ri^Kjjrz^og* 'Ar/j^ riiJjiujraTog, 
 V'oyri yapii(S6a, Tuvy\ ^a^/s(^TSpa. Tvvtj yu^i26rdrri, Xm- 
 piov d'/iavQoohig, Xw^/ov dxav&CAjhs^rz^ov. Xa)p'iov dncLv^oi- 
 ds(^raTOV, Eucs/Sjig sifii, Fv(rs(3s(rrspog bL F\)6i^26rar6g 
 sdTiv, 'O ohog yXxjTthrarog. *I-I suw;^/o6 d<p&ovc/)rdrri. To 
 \)hc/)P drids<^rarov. 'H (^y^oXri a/V^/Vr?; Wr/i/. *0 xa^'TTog 
 o^rog oiPaiorarog \6riv, *H ^s^ijjT] avrrj drihidrdrri sc>tL 
 Tovro to (pdt^y avov 6'E,vts^6v goT/. X^ajfjua iLzXdvrarov %al 
 d7jds(^Tarov, lloXsfjLog d(p^ovs(rTarog xai dv(rrv^s(trarog. 
 <]>ojvyi oS^vrdryj xai dy}dsc>rdrrt. To ^wov rovro dsiXorocrov 
 S6TIV. 'O ^ooxpd.ry)g rjv (piX6c>o(pog ri/jjidorarog xai sv(^sl3s(f- 
 ruTog. 'O Kfxs^ojv r}V '^rjrc^p XoyioWarog. *0 ' AXs^avdpog 
 
FIRST GREEK COTJESE. OO 
 
 AlyvcTT/a TjV i3oc(fiXi(f(^QC af)^ovs(rTdrrj. 'H Xsaiva Qripiov dsi- 
 vorarov \6riv. 'O 'F.'rra/Mnvdjvdag 6roar7\jlg (i^ir^^idjrarog rjv 
 xai dtzoc/orarog, *0 oJvog dridscrarog Wr/i/. 'O /Wog ^wov 
 (TopdorccTov \6ri %ai svysvscfTocroy. 'H Xsociva ^rjpiov aXni- 
 [jjo^rarov s6ti kgci demrarov, Kap^rog yXvKVTarog \(Sri rb 
 
 58. 
 
 A black horse. A blacker horse. The blackest horse. 
 A timid girl. A more timid girl. A most timid girl. 
 A shameful deed. A more shameful deed. A most dis- 
 graceful deed. A ripe apple. A riper apple, A very 
 ripe apple. A very poor and most wretched man. A very 
 poor and most indigent woman, A very timid and most 
 miserable animal. An abundant repast. A more abun- 
 dant repast. A most abundant repast. The hyacinth is a 
 pleasant flower. The anemone is a more charming flower. 
 The rose is the most delightful flower. The panther is a 
 powerful and ferocious brute. The lioness is a more 
 powerful and more ferocious brute. The lion is a most 
 powerful, but not most ferocious brute. This fruit is most 
 delicious. This repast is most agreeable. This water is 
 most sweet. Industry is most commendable. Poverty is 
 most disagreeable. Black is the harshest colour. War 
 is a very great evil. 
 
 
 59. 
 
 
 
 
 THE AETICLE. 
 
 
 
 Singular. 
 
 
 
 
 Masc. Fern. 
 
 Neut 
 
 
 Nominative Case : 
 
 Oj 5^, 
 
 ^\ 
 
 the. 
 
 Genitive Case : 
 
 roD, rng, 
 
 rod, 
 
 of the 
 
 Dative Case: 
 
 7-^^, ^-^^5 
 
 rcC, 
 
 to the. 
 
 Accusative Case : 
 
 rov, Tr}V, 
 
 TO, 
 
 the. 
 
36 
 
 AUN S MKTKOI). 
 
 Dual. 
 
 Nom. ^ Ace. Cases : rw, ra, 
 Gen, ^ Dat, Cases : roTv^ rcuv^ 
 
 rw, the two, both the. 
 ro/P, of or to the two. 
 
 Plural, 
 
 Nominative Case : 
 Genitive Case: 
 Dative Case: 
 Accusative Case : 
 
 0/, a/, rd^ the. 
 
 TOjVy rwv, rwv, of the# 
 
 roTg^ raTg, roTg, to the. 
 
 rovg, rag J rd^ the. 
 
 Rem. — (1) The article agrees with the noun in case as well as 
 in number and gender, thus : d oltcoq rov *A\e^dvdpov, *' the 
 family of Alexander." 
 
 (2J The dual number is used in speaking of two persons or 
 things, as toIv waidoiv, " to both the boys," 
 
 (3) The article is often used in Greek instead of a possessive 
 pronoun, as r] fiqTrfp, "his" or ^'her mother.'* 
 
 (4) Besides "to," the propositions "at," "in," "on," "by,*' 
 "with," and "for," are expressed in Greek by the dative case, 
 as T(^ dyys\(i), *' by," "with," or "for the messenger." 
 
 60. 
 
 TpcLfijiia {to), a painting : f/en. 
 
 ypafJifidrog, of a painting. 
 Tpacpeig, £t<Ta, ev {ace, fern, 
 
 ypatpetaav), painted, 
 ^EavTov, of himself, his own. 
 *E7ryv€(7ey he or she praised. 
 ^Ej/, in, at. 
 'Ytto, by. 
 Kara, according to. 
 
 ^ATTsWrjg (d), Apelles : gen. 
 
 ^AttsWov, of Apelles. 
 Elk(jSv {rj), {ace. eiKova^ dat. 
 
 fiKovi), a portrait, a picture, 
 
 an image. 
 ^AK'm (^), {d-cc, d^iav), merit, 
 
 merits. 
 "ErpeffOQ (o), (<^«^. 'E0€(7(^),Ephe- 
 
 sus. 
 eaaddfisvog, having inspected. 
 
 *0 ihXKag dsmraros. *H '^s/ubipa/j./g hdo^ordrrj. To 
 sap rfhtdrov. Tig ^v ^AXs^avd^og ; T/ 171/ 'AcrsXX^g ; ''Avag 
 asr^/og xai hixatag -qv ^ AXi^avh^og. Zooy^dfog ri/jjioo^ 
 rarog rjv 6 ^AireXXyjg, M^ttj^ (p^ovifjbog sJ %at evdaifiMV, 
 *0 TaTg o^rog ddsXcpSg /JjOv sffri, 'H 'TraTg avryj dhzXfrj (loI) 
 \(Sri, KaXrj xai vsa, ' Ayadog %ai svroXfjbog, Ba^r/X/Ctfa 
 il IJbirpta, Ilraj^og sl/ubi xal hudrxjy^rig, E/ (p^ovi/jbog £/////, 
 
flKST GKEEK COIJESE, 
 
 37 
 
 ysvvaTog sJ. I^vp-j rjv to ^-TrrjAa/ov. 'AXs^a^^dpog hcctjdfMsvog 
 rriv sv 'E0s(^(jJ sJxova kavroij^ rrjv 'uiro ^A'ttsXXov ypafshav 
 cux \'7rfiVS(fs xara rnv a'^iav toZ y^d[Mijjarog. 
 
 Bem. — (1) The preposition iv takes a dative case after it, as 
 Iv 'E0£(T<^, " at Euhesus ;" vtto takes a genitiye, as virb \47rtXXoi}, 
 /'by Apelles," and KaTa generally takes an accusative, as Kara 
 rriv dKiav, '* according to the merits." 
 
 (2) Ti)v uKova TTjv vtto \^.7^e\Xov ypatptlffaVj '* the picture, 
 the by Apelles painted," le. "the picture that teas painted by 
 Apelles." The article is often used in this way with a participle, 
 instead of a relative with the indicative form of the verb. 
 
 (3) OvK kiryveaE^ "he did not praise it." The particle ?V, wben 
 put accusatively, is commonly understood in Greek. 
 
 (4) *A\i^av^poQ OfacrdiJisvoQ rrju eiicova, '' Alexander having 
 inspected the portrait." Active verbs govern an accusative case. 
 
 61. 
 
 He is an Assyrian. She is an Egyptian. Thou art a 
 prudent and pious father. Perdiccas, the Macedonian, was 
 a brave man. A panther is more ferocious than a lion. 
 The field is very broad. The act was most wicked. King 
 Alexander was a very great general. Xeuxis was a very 
 clever painter. The anemone is a very charming flower. 
 The apple is a most delightful and very beautiful fruit. 
 The merit of the painting. His own portrait. The picture 
 at Epliesus. The portrait painted by Apelles. More pious 
 than generous. More amiable than prudent. You are 
 w^orse than your sister. Wiser than I am. Alexander 
 praised the picture, but not according to the merits of 
 the painting. * 
 
 62. 
 
 "Ittttoq (o), a horse ; ffen. 'ittttov^ 
 
 of a horse. 
 BaaCKiVQ (d), (voc. BaQiksv), a 
 
 king. ^ 
 YAqaxQ^iQ eTia, tv {gen. dgax" 
 
 OkvTOQ)f led in. 
 
 XpifieTia-ag acra, av {gen. XP^f^^- 
 
 ri(Taprog) neighed. 
 'AXrjOlvog, 6v {a&c. mas. dXtj' 
 
 6l7wv), real. 
 Tpacpiicog, 6v, skilled in painting, 
 "Oy£, iiye, royey this, your. 
 D 
 
38 ahn's method. 
 
 EkeXvoq, rj, {ace. mas. kiceTvov), 
 
 that, that one. 
 "Eotjcf, has appeared, has shewn 
 
 itself, seems. 
 Witts (eTTTsv before a vowel), 
 
 he said, she said, it said. 
 
 TJpog, to, towards. 
 
 *Qg, as. 
 
 Afi, but. 
 
 'AXXd {dXX before a vowel), 
 
 really, truly, but. 
 Kara ttoXv, by far, a great deal. 
 
 'Imfag rjv jrpofrjrrjg su(fsl3s(^TaTog. Ba^r/XsOg fJbsyag %ai 
 Bvbo^orarog^rjv 6 ^ AXs^avdpog, Boto'/X/o'^ra svroX^mg %ai 
 Ivdo^ordryj rjv yj 2sfji,/^afjbig, N/%>j svdo^og aiLuvm r\ UtI y) 
 7)(^u^ia ; To ^woi/ ro (Tofuirarov hriv 6 ^'ir^og. To av^og rb 
 naXkKSrdv l(S7i to *^6dov. To ^yj^iov ro dBivorocrov hriv 7] 
 Asa/va. 'Rigay^&svrog hs rou 'h^ov xai ')(^pziM2T'.6avTog ^po; 
 rhv 'i^'TTov Tov h rfj sJxovi, ug ^pog dXrjdmv xai hsTvo]/, " Si 
 paC/Xsu, g/Vsi/ 6 ^ A'jtiWrig^ dXX^ oys /Wog soixs (^ov y§a(pi' 
 KOjTspog sJvai xard ^oXuT 
 
 Eem. — (1) YuiQax^'^vTOQ TOV 'iTTTTov Kul xpsfxiTi(7avT0Q^ lite- 
 rally, "o/ been led in, of the, of horse, and of neighed," i.e., 
 " the horse having been led in, and having neighed." A participle, 
 when at the head of a sentence, together with ail the words de- 
 pending on it, is often put, as above, in the Genitive case. This 
 construction is termed the Genitive Absolute, 
 
 (2) n(o6g TOV 'lttttov Iv Ty siKovit 'Howards the horse that was 
 in the picture." The preposition irpog governs an accusative case, 
 
 (3) 'Qq TTpbg aXr]Qivbv Kal SKalvoVy •' as if that had been a 
 real one." 
 
 (4) ''Q pamXev, " king !" The vocative case is used after the 
 interjection J, and generally in all expressions implying an invo- 
 cation. 
 
 (5) Jlov ypatpLKojTepoQf "more skilled in painting than pou." 
 The particle rj, " than," may be rendered, by putting the noun or 
 pronoun in the genitive case. 
 
 63. • 
 
 The queen is a most amiable lady. The prince is a 
 most prudent man. Socrates was a most estimable phi- 
 losopher, Perdiccas was a brave general. The renowned 
 poet Homer. The most glorious painter Apelles. The 
 Nile is a very deep river. New wine is not very pleasant. 
 
FIEST GEEEK COTJESE. 
 
 39 
 
 The leopard is not a very sagacious animal. I am a painter, 
 but no poet. You are a generous man, but no philo- 
 sopher, A real horse. The horse in the picture. The 
 philosopher at Ephesus. The father of Apelles. His own 
 mother. The horse having been led in, Semiramis 
 praised it. Cleopatra did not praise her own portrait. 
 Xeuxis was more skilled in painting than Apelles. Alex- 
 ander was no more skilled in painting than a horse. 
 
 64. 
 THE NOUNS.— FIRST DECLENSION. 
 
 Feminines. 
 
 Mast 
 
 mlines. 
 
 a day. 
 
 an honour. 
 
 a youth. 
 
 'A^sXXy^g, 
 Apelles. 
 
 
 Singul 
 
 ar. 
 
 
 Nom. rjf/js^-a. 
 
 Tl[J^7]. 
 
 vsavi-ag. 
 
 'A^BXX'Tjg. 
 
 Voc. riiMsp-a, 
 Gen. TjfMB^-ag, 
 Dat. Y)fJi^sp-cc. 
 Acc» rjfjbsp-av. 
 
 Tifj^-rig, 
 
 TifJb-fj. 
 
 vsavUov. 
 vsavi-a, 
 vsavi-ccv. 
 
 'A^iXX'd. 
 
 'A<7riXX-ou. 
 
 ^ AitiXX-'fi. 
 
 'A^sXX-TjV. 
 
 
 Dual 
 
 
 N.V.A, yj/ji^sp-a, 
 G. Dt yjfMs^-aiv 
 
 rifjj-d. 
 
 
 'ATsXX-a. 
 ^A^sXX-aTv, 
 
 
 FluraL 
 
 
 Nom. "/jf/^s^-ai. 
 Voe. 7]fMs^-au 
 Gen. rjfjbsp-ojv, 
 Dat. YjfMs^-ai^, 
 Ace. rifis^-ag. 
 
 Tl[M-CfJV, 
 
 TifM-aTg. 
 Tifj^-dg. 
 
 vsavi-cit. 
 
 vsavUai. , 
 
 vsavl-aig. 
 
 'A'TsXX-a/. 
 ^A'TtiXX-ai. 
 
 ^A'TTSXX-UV. 
 
 ^ A'TTsXX-aT^* 
 ^A'TTsXX'dg. 
 
 Rem.— (1) To this declension belong feminine nouns in a, gen. 
 ag; »;, gen. tjq; and masculine nouns in ag or -qg, gen, ov. 
 
 (2) It will be observed that all the models have the terminations 
 alike in the dual and plural, but that in the singular those in ag 
 
 D 2 
 
40 ahn's methoi). 
 
 have the vocative in a and the dative in ^. Some nouns in a have 
 the genitive in rjg, the voc. in a, the dat. in y, and the ace. in av ; 
 tliis occurs when a is preceded by c or by a double consonant, as 
 jioixray ''a song," voc. fiovcra, ffen. fiovffTjg, dat. {jiovcry, acCo fiovaav* 
 So rpaTTf^a, gen. TpaTrs^rjQ^ " a table." (See Appendix.) 
 
 (3) The (/en.plu. of this declension is usually circumflexed on tbe 
 last syllable, and an acute accent on the last syllable of the no?n. 
 is changed to a circumflex in the gen. and dat. of all. the numbers. 
 (See Eem. Ex. 24.) 
 
 65. 
 
 Et^f (^X^^ before a vowel), had, 
 
 he, she, or it had. 
 ITjOoi^X^i, he or she came out. 
 KaTsXdf3e^ he, she, or it caught, 
 
 captured. 
 TlaptXOelvy to enter, 
 E/^, into. 
 
 Ilorfi (enclitic), one day. 
 "J^vQciy there, where. 
 Msvy indeed, though. 
 Mi/i/, nevertheless. 
 
 ^uprj, ijg (»?), a bed, a couch, a 
 
 lair. 
 Afc'ati/a, XsalvrjQ (/}), a lioness. 
 UcpdiicKag, ov (6), Perdiccas. 
 'AXs^ai/c^lOog, dat. 'AXe^dvd^uj^ 
 
 with Alexander. 
 J^Kviivog (6), a cub ; fijcc. pht. 
 
 (Ticv^vovg, cubs. 
 Moi^c^, ?j, oi/, alone. 
 '^vffTpar&vadjJievog, having join- 
 ed in battle, having fouglit. 
 KofjLL^ojv, carrying. , Ts (enclitic), yet. 
 
 AvTTJg (gen. fern, of avTog)^ of i Ovrwgy so. 
 her. ^ 
 
 T/ ^1/ Bsv'^ig ; T/c '^y 2vXXag ; Boec/Xs-j^ sJ {jAr^iog, 
 'Ba(}iXs(S6oL sJ IXsTjfjbCfjv, 'AXs^avdpog riv dr^arYiyhg (J^iyag^ 
 7^1/ yap (ppovtfj^og %ai svroXfJs^og, ^ An^aGCtivrdryi kdriv rj "ttg- 
 vripia. Hag ay^oooTTog hTjTog l(^riVj g/ %ai akxi^Jjog %ai 
 svdo^og, "Avclo^ ycaXov l^riv 7] dvipAvri., 6 ds vaxiv^og %aX- 
 Xiojy hrj\ %ai rb '^odov to %6XXi<srov> 'O QadiXivg sXsrjfj^ojv 
 ic^TJVj rj ds l3a6iXt()6(/. sXs7jillovs(^ts^oc s(Sti\ xal b ava^ 6 
 kXiriUjOVsCroLTog. *0 Xmv Qyipiov hnvov \(friv, i} ds Xscctvcc 
 hivors^a s6ri^ %ai 7} irdpbaXig 7} dsmrdrT), Hspdixxag 
 b MaKsduiv, b 6V()r^aTsv(^d/ub2\/og 'AXs^dcv^^w, ourojg ijv 
 i-jToXiJjog^ ujg "ttots sig (S'rrriXaiov ^agiXklv.^ h&a ztyiv ebvriv 
 Xsa/va, /Jbovog' %a\ rr\v [mv Xsaivav oh xarsXajSzy rovg ys 
 firjv (fTcv/LLVovg ahrrig xojJjiZ^ojv ^^oriXkv, 
 
 Rem.— (1) 'O ^e vaKivdog, "but the hyacinth." The particle 
 Si has always some other word of the sentence placed before it. 
 
FIEST GEEEK COXmSE. 41 
 
 (2) *0 (TvaTpaTSV(jdfjievOQ 'AXs^dvdptij, the having! fought with 
 Alexander y i. e. who had fought with Alexander » With after verbs 
 Bignifying to fight is rendered by a dative case. (See also Rem. 2, 
 Ex. 60 ) 
 
 (3) *'Qc iroTEj " as one day." Unaccented words take an accent 
 before an enclitic, but not ov or d before £ijwi, htfrL (See Bern. 
 Ex. 27, also Rem. Ex. 41.) 
 
 (4) *'l£ivQa dxf^v evvi^v \saiva, "wbere a lioness bad its lair." 
 The possessives his^ her^ its^ are frequently understood. 
 
 (5) Tj}j/ fikv Xkaivav ov KarkXa^e, rovg ys (TKVfivovg KOf.d^ojp 
 TTporiXQev, '* though he did not capture the lioness, yet he came out 
 carrying the cubs." The particles fisv, ys, like dsj have always some 
 other word of the sentence placed before them. 
 
 66. 
 'Ama, ag {rj)* -A.sia. ^vepytaia^ ag (17), clemency. 
 
 2tfCf\ia, ag (»?), Sicily. 
 GfrraXtof, ag (17), Thessaly. 
 KXeoiraTpaydrpag (jj), Cleopatra. 
 *A<Tavpiaf ag (r)), an Assyrian, 
 
 (fern.) 
 AlyvTrrlai ag ())), an Egyptian, 
 
 (fern.) 
 'Aiia, ag ()}), merit. 
 
 ^Ardpeia, ag (1;), courage, bra- 
 very. 
 OpaKri, fjg (17), Thrace. 
 'YcTTciaTrrig^ ov (6), Hystaspes. 
 UoirjTrjg, ov (6), a poet, 
 Srpari(t»rj;C) ow (6), a soldier. 
 AyaTTjgf ov (6), a brigand. 
 NtK?;, rjg (jl)^ a victory. 
 
 The poets. The honours. Eoth the youths. Assy- 
 rians and Egyptians. The courage of Apelles. The 
 black colour of the couch. The merit of the soldier 
 was great. The heat of the day was most unpleasant. 
 The prettiest flower of Thessaly. The sweetest fruit of 
 Thrace. The deepest river of Asia. The worst brigand 
 of Sicily. The most glorious victory of Perdiccas. The 
 portrait of Cleopatra the Egyptian. The cave at Ephesus. 
 Alexander captured a lioness. The lion painted by 
 Apelles. The panther had a lair in Sicily. Socrates 
 praised the clemency of Hystaspes. Sylla the dictator waa 
 so bold as to enter one day into the cave of a lioness. 
 
 • 67. 
 
 BdpPapog (o, 17), a barbarian, a 1 Atwv (6), (ace. Xiovrat) a lion, 
 foreigner; dat.plu, l5ap(5dpoigy V'^XXrjv (d), an Hellene, a Greek*, 
 foreigners. | dat. jplu. "EXXrjat, Hellenes. 
 
 D 3 
 
42 
 
 AHN S METHOD. 
 
 Sfjutpa/iic (v)» (^^^- SfjLiipa/xtj/), 
 
 Serairamis. 
 UdpdaXiQ^r)), {ace. 7rdpSd\Lv)y a 
 
 panther. 
 Avaixaxog, ov, difficult to fight. 
 'ExKQCLTriQ^ eg, having power 
 
 over, master, mistress. 
 ToLovTog {gen, plu, toiovtmv), 
 
 such, like. 
 Tt (enclitic), any. 
 AXKog, a\\»7, aXKo, other. 
 nf7ri<Trfi;rai, was thought, has 
 
 been considered. 
 ^aGi, they say, it is said of. 
 
 ElXfi, he or she took, seized. 
 ILarkKTave (y\ he or she slew, 
 
 killed. 
 'Eyli/sro, he or she became. 
 'E0po2/€i, he or she thought. 
 A£, indeed. 
 
 EiTTorf, if at any time. 
 Movov, only. 
 Foul/ fcai, at least. 
 Ilapa, by. 
 "Ort, that. 
 Tfi (enclitic), both. 
 ''H, or. 
 'AX\a Kai, but also. 
 
 ^ucr'jp^jjg. Us^dlTCTcag GTparriyog r/v ip^ovi/iiog xai ivroXf/jog, 
 UXdrMV (piX6(^o(pog rjv sbfrsfSrig %al Ti/tMiog, RXsoTrar^a 
 TjV /3ao'/X/o'(ra /xara/a ;ca/ a<p^Cf)v. Th ^m^iov tovto dpyov 
 tdri %al dxavd^dsg. 'H yvvrj avrr} /^^ty}^ sdrh dycL^y\, 
 Yldg avQ^oiitog ovx av^Tri^og sdriv, *0 olvog ovrog yXvxvg 
 scfriv. *H rpd^s'i^a avrri x^7i(Srri l(^r/v, Avty} tj svcfj^icc 
 TldsTd Idri. Ils^i(fr2urai os oh ihdvov ita^a roTg "'EXkri^iv 
 d\%iiJj(^raTOV rs %aJ h\j6(jja')(jIiTaTOV iJvai ^rj^iov rj Xsatva^ 
 aXkd %ai 'Tta^d roTg fSa^jSd^oig' ^acl yovv xat ^s/jjt^afMiv 
 rriv 'Ao'(ri»^/av, on ovz, hitots glXs Xsovraj fi ^d^daX/v 
 Tca^TSTcravsv, rj aXko ri tojv toiovtoov^ aXX' g/ Xsahrjg 
 syx^aTTig sysvsrOj /iLsya s<pp6vsi. 
 
 Rem. — (1) "H aXXo tl tCjv toiovtiov^ "or any other (animal) 
 of that sort.'* 
 
 (2) Miya l(j)p6vet^ "she thought it a great exploit." The word 
 Trpayixttf " a thing," "deed," or "exploit," is understood in this 
 sentence. The compound verb fjieya 0poi/£tv literally signifies " to 
 think great," but has also the power of " to think one's self 
 great," " to pride one's self," " to feel proud." 
 
 68. 
 
 *H(yvx'iay ag \ri), peace, 
 
 quillity, repose. 
 Hivia, ag (ry), poverty. 
 
 tran- 
 
 *AKpif3Ha^ eiag (ij), punctuality. 
 Uovrjpia, ag (r/), evil, wicked- 
 
riEST GREEK COTTKSE. 
 
 43 
 
 'OpfXY], rJQ (??), an enterprise. 
 
 Mvrjfirjy TjC (r)), memory, mind. 
 
 r^, yi]g (77), the world, the earth. 
 
 Ai)pa, r]Q (/)), thirst. 
 
 Ban-iXico-a, 77c, a queen. 
 
 Tpdire'^a, s^rjg (7)), a table. 
 
 ^vWag, ov (6), Sylla. 
 
 Icratac, ov (6), Isaiah. 
 
 IlfXoTri^ac (i^atOj ou [p)y Pelo- 
 pidas. 
 
 'ETrajUftrwv^aC) ov (6), Epami- 
 nondas. 
 
 EvpLiridrjQ (i^??c)> ou, (6), Euri- 
 pides. 
 
 i5?6p^7;c, ov (6), Xerxes. 
 
 *Apra|gjO^/?g, ov (6), Artaxerxes. 
 
 'Ojo6vr?7c> ov (6), Orontes. 
 
 'AXKif^LadrjQ {ddrjg)^ ov (6), Al- 
 cibiades. 
 
 TdyyrjQ, ov (6), the Ganges. 
 
 UpoipijTrjg, ov (6), a prophet. 
 
 Svjoa/covo-at, wr (at), Syracuse. 
 
 ^iXnpyvpia, ag (r/), avarice. 
 
 *A(T0Ei/£ta, etac (y/), illness, weak- 
 ness, infirmity. 
 
 'Eyicjodrtia, tiag (7/), endurance, 
 self-denial. 
 
 Xii'pa, ag (77), region, tract, 
 country. 
 
 Evw^ia, ag (77), a repast, a feast. 
 
 'IvOta, ag (ry), India. 
 
 Botwrta, ag (ri), Bceotia. 
 
 Xlerjoa, ag (77), a stone, a rock. 
 
 2rparia, ag (77), an army. 
 
 ^vfKjiopdf ag (r}), a calamity, 
 misfortune. 
 
 'AttXkt}, rjg (ry), Attica. 
 
 ^ujvr], rjg (77), a voice. 
 
 *Ade\(prj, rjg (r}), a sister. 
 
 Ospfirji Y]g (77), heat. 
 
 ^Aperrjy rjg (77), virtue, worth, ex- 
 cellence. 
 
 2x0X77, ^c (77), idleness. 
 
 Atx/i77, ^c (»7), a spear. 
 
 *E7ri(5ovXr]y rjg (r)), a conspiracy. 
 
 Rem. — (1) Some proper names in ag have a genitive in a, as 
 SvXXov or SuXXa, *< of Sylla.'^ 
 
 (2) The names of some towns, as SvpaKoiJcai, *' Syracuse," are 
 used only in the plural number. 
 
 The poets ^schylus and Homer. The evils of poverty. 
 The conspiracies of Orontes. The voice of the prophet. 
 The avarice of Sylla. The feast of Artaxerxes. The 
 daring enterprise of Alcibiades. The illness of the poet 
 Euripides. An uncultivated region in Asia. The sharpest 
 sword in Boeotia. The richest prince in India. The most 
 illustrious general of Attica. The most renowned philoso- 
 pher of Syracuse. The black colour of the rocks. The 
 vigorous memory of Isaiah. The noble virtue of the sisters. 
 The shameful idleness of the army. A glorious victory of 
 self-denial. The implacable wickedness of the soldiers. 
 The fierce thirst of the lioness. Pelopidas captured a pan- 
 ther. Xerxes seized the cubs of a lioness. Epami- 
 
44 
 
 AHN S METHOD. 
 
 nondas killed the lion with a spear. The horse having 
 neighed, the queen praised the portrait. If Perdiccas at 
 any time became master of a lioness, he felt proud. 
 
 69. 
 NOUNS— SECOND DECLENSION. 
 
 Neuters, 
 a gift. 
 
 dSup-ov, 
 
 
 ddoP'Oig, 
 
 Eem. — (1) To this declension belong all masculine and feminine 
 nouns in og, and all neuters in ov, that have the genitive in ov, 
 
 (2) Masculines and feminines of this declension have the same 
 terminations, but neuters have the voc. and ace. sing, like the nom.^ 
 and the nom., voc, and ace. plu. end in a. 
 
 (3) When £ or o precedes the termination, contraction takes 
 place ; vooQy "mind," gen. v6-ov, becomes vovc, gen. vov ; bariov, 
 *' a bone," gen. oarkov, becomes ocrrovv, gen. ogtov ; and theso 
 contracted forms run through all the cases (See Appendix). 
 
 Masculines. 
 
 Feminines 
 
 adsX(p6g, 
 
 odog^ 
 
 a brother. 
 
 a way. 
 
 
 Singular. 
 
 Norn, adsXf'Og, 
 
 od'Og. 
 
 Voc. ahO\.(p-s. 
 
 od'S. 
 
 Gen. ddsX<p-ov. 
 
 od-ov. 
 
 Dat, ahsk(p-w. 
 
 od'Qj. 
 
 Ace. ddsXp'Ov, 
 
 od'OV. 
 
 
 DuaL 
 
 N.V.A. ddskf'dj. 
 
 od'U). 
 
 G. D. dbsX(p'o7v. 
 
 6d-oTv. 
 
 
 Bural. 
 
 N. V. ddiXip'Oi. 
 
 6d-oi. 
 
 Gen. ddsX<p-u)v. 
 
 65-wv. 
 
 Bat. ddsX<p-oTg. 
 
 od'oTg. 
 
 Ace. dhX(f)-o\jg. 
 
 od'Ovg. 
 
FIBST GEEEK COTTKSE. 
 
 45 
 
 (i) Some nouns of this declension have forms in w^, as XaycooQy 
 or \ayujg, *' a hare ;" these forms in o}g are declined thus : 
 
 Flural. 
 
 Singular. 
 iV. V. Xay-(jJg. 
 Gen. Xay-w. 
 Dat. yay-(f. 
 AcG. Xay-iov. 
 
 Dual. 
 
 N.V.A.Xayui. 
 G. D. Xayt^v, 
 
 ]^. V. Xay-ip. 
 Gen. Xay'wv. 
 Dat. Xay-(pQ. 
 Ace. Xay-uiQ. 
 
 The ace. sing, is written Xay-iov^ Xay-iog, and Xay-ui indif- 
 ferently. 
 
 70. 
 
 IToXfjuog, ov (6), war. 
 Tiora^og, ov (6), a river. 
 KoXotof, ov (6), a jackdaw. 
 Kpoto-o^, ov (6), Croesus. 
 KapTTog, ov (6), fruit. 
 Aaphlog^ ov (6), Darius. 
 'Ayp'og^ ov (6), a field, an estate. 
 TiXovTog, ov {6), wealth, riches. 
 UspLoSog, ov [i]), a circuit, map. 
 ToTTog, ov (6), a place. 
 IIlvclkloVj ov {t6% a tablet. 
 Tivd {ace. mas. of Tig)^ a certain. 
 'Idiovg {ace.plu. of id tog), own. 
 Tovroig (dat. plu. of ovTcg), those, 
 O'lTTEf) {nom.plu. of o^^TTfjo), that, 
 Avrov {ace. phi. of avTOQ)^ him. 
 'Opaiv, seeing. 
 ''E;^or, having. 
 ^povovvTa {ace. of (ppovutv), 
 
 thinking. 
 'Eil-novTog {(/en. ofeiTrujv), saying. 
 
 TeTV(pioij,€vog, rj^ ov, puffed up, 
 conceited. 
 
 Teypafi/jisvcg, ?;, oj^, repi*esented. 
 
 "Eydys {v), he, she, or it led. 
 
 E^'jOf, he, she, or it found. 
 
 Jlpogsra^e, he or she bade, de- 
 sired, commanded. 
 
 f^povtlg, thou thinkest, you think. 
 
 EiVt or £/(TiV (enclitic), are, they 
 are, there are. 
 
 'AvetceiTo, it was displayed, lay 
 exposed to view. 
 
 *AvaZr}Tslv, to seek, to seek for. 
 
 AtaOprjcjai, to have observed, to 
 examine carefully. 
 
 OAcgV, no. 
 
 Ovdafjiov, nowhere. 
 
 'EvravOa, there, thereon. 
 
 'Qg de, when, after, as soon as. 
 
 'E:ri, to, upon, in, into, on ac- 
 count of. 
 
 *0 Ka^'irog yXvz'jrarog xai rjdi(jrog, *H (piXa^yvpIa, 
 Kpo/Vo'j. O/ rod 'AXzilSiddov ay^oi, *H rov vsaviou 
 
 Tou TiiXo'TTihou. *H rov ^oXs/jbov (iv[jj(po^d dvcfrv^rjg, Th 
 rou TCoXoiou %^S/xa, f/^sXav %a\ dyjdsg, *0 "E/5^o^, rrig 
 6pdx,r}g 'Ttora'jjog ih^ijg %ai fSadvg. 'O Tdyyrig 'xora/xog 
 \6Ti rrig 'ivdlag. * O^ujv 6 1(^%odrr\g rbv ^ AX)nl3tddrjV rs^ 
 T'j(p(f)iJjZvov s'tt} tuj 'TrXovTCAfj Ttal yjijoL (p^ovovvra k'jri roTg 
 aypc-zc, r^yaysv avrov hiri riva ro^ov^ h&a dv2%2iro irtvdyjov 
 
46 ahn's method. 
 
 dvaZ^rjTsTv, 'fig ds sS^s, crpocrsra^s rovg dypovg /dwvg 
 bioL&^Yl^ar TO\j h\ sl'Ti'ovrog' "AXX* ovda/jjov ysy^af/j/jjsvoi 
 g/V/i/*" " E-TTi TovToig^ sJ^s, fMsya (p^ovsTg, om^ ovdkv /iLS^og 
 TT^g yrig slciv ;'' 
 
 Rem. — (1) Oi TOv'' KXKi^iddov aypoi, ''the lands of Alcibiades." 
 The noun is often placed, in this way, after the genitive it governs 
 
 (2) *H Evspyeaia i) tov IleXoTriSov, "the clemency of Pelo- 
 pidas." The article before the genitive implies that some parti- 
 cular act of clemency is referred to. 
 
 (3) 'OpCJv 6 ^iOKpaTTig tov 'AXKifSicidrjv T£rv(p(ji}fisvov sttI T(^ 
 TrXovTiiiy " Socrates seeing that Alcibiades was conceited on account 
 of his riches." A participle is often put adjectively in this way, 
 instead of a relative with verb. 
 
 (4) Mkya (ppovovvTaeTTi roXg aypoig, "great thinking," {. e, 
 that he thought himself great by reason of his estates. (See Rem. 
 2, Ex. 67) 
 
 (5) Kal TTpogsra^ef " and he desired him," Pronouns are fre- 
 quently understood. (See Rem. 3, Ex. 60.) 
 
 (6) Tov dk eiTTovrogy " on his saying." Here on is expressed 
 by th.e Genitive Absolute. (See Rem. 1, Ex. 62.) 
 
 (7) *E7rt TovTOig, "on account of those estates.'* The word 
 dypolg, " estates," is understood. Observe that Itti, when used in 
 the sense of " on account of," governs a dative case. 
 
 (8) 'Etti Ttva TOTTovj ^^to a certain place." Here IttL is used 
 in the sense of "to," and has an accusative after it. 
 
 (9) Mkya ^poveig ; " Do you think yourself great ?" (See Rem. 
 4, above,) 
 
 (10) EtVtj/ for ehi, " are." Words having a short final vowel, 
 sometimes take v at the end of a sentence. (See Rem. Ex. 23.) 
 
 71. 
 
 Ytoc, ov (6), a son. j 'Ypicavog, ov (o), a Hyrcanian. 
 
 TafiPpoc, ov (6), a son-in-law. \"E(peaog, ov (o), Ephesus. 
 Kupoc, ov (6), Cyrus. MyyTrrog, ov (r/), Egypt 
 
 JlToXofiaXog. iov (6), Ptolemy 
 Adyog, ov (6), Lagus. 
 'SiKOffTpoLTog, ov (6), Nicostratus. 
 'Apyelog, eiov (6), an Argive. 
 *A\(^av8pog, ov (J), Alexander. 
 ^iXtTTTTO^, ov (d), Philip. 
 
 NeiOTspog, epov (d), the younger. 
 '^vfjLfiaxog-, ov (d), an ally. 
 'EvffTparrjyog, ov (d), a colleague. 
 "Ittttoc, ov (d), a horse. 
 Bdppdpogy ov {6 or r)), a fo- 
 reio^ner. 
 
 ^Apifia^og, dlov (d), Aribazus. I IJaXrdi^, ov (rd), a dart. 
 
FIEST GREEK COTTESE. 
 
 47 
 
 *'Opiov, otf (to), frontier, confine. 
 ^'OirXov, ov {r6).f a weapon. 
 "Epyor, ov {t6)j a work, an act, 
 
 a deed. 
 Orjpiov, ov {to), a wild beast. 
 ^TrifKaLOVy ov (to), a cave. 
 
 KvvrjyecrioVi ov (to), a hunt. 
 Mi^Xov, ov (ro), an apple. 
 'Pddov^ ov (to), a rose. 
 ^dtyyavov, ov (ro), a knife, 
 ^KVfjLvoQj ov (to), a cub. 
 Ori/5aXog^ ov (6), a Theban. 
 
 Artaxerxes, brother of Cyrus the younger. Orontes, 
 son-in-law of Artaxerxes. Pelopidas, colleague of Epa- 
 minondas, prince of BcEotia. Nicostratus, general of the 
 Argives. Ptolemy, son of Lagus, king of Egypt. The 
 estates of Alcibiades. The acts of Alexander. The wild 
 beasts of Thrace. The barbarians at Ephesus. The- 
 darts of the Thebans. The weapons and horses of the 
 Hyrcanians. The great wealth of Aribazus. Perdiccas 
 found the cubs of the lioness in the cave. Philip led his 
 horse to a certain field. Croesus thought himself great 
 on account of his wealth. Socrates praised a tablet having 
 a map of the world. The poets did not praise the me- 
 mory of Hystaspes. O king ! said Euripides, your horse 
 is a great deal wiser than you. 
 
 72. 
 
 NOUNS.— THIED DECLENSION. 
 
 Neuters. 
 
 
 "EXXtjv, 
 a Greek. 
 
 Xafjij<7rdg, 
 a lamp. 
 
 Singular. 
 
 a wound. 
 
 Nom. 
 Voc. 
 Gen. 
 Bat. 
 Ace. 
 
 "EXXyjv. 
 
 "'EXXrjv. 
 
 "EXXriv-og. 
 
 "EXXriv-t. 
 
 "EXXriv-a. 
 
 XaiJj'jrdg. 
 
 Xafjj^dg. 
 
 Xaiiitdh-og. 
 
 XaiMfirdh-t. 
 
 Xafj^Trdd-a, 
 
 Dual. 
 
 T^a'j/ubar-og 
 
 N.A.V. 
 G.D, 
 
 "'EXXriv-i. 
 
 Xafjj^dhs. 
 Xa/jL'Trdd'Oiv, 
 
 
48 ahn's method. 
 
 Flurat. 
 
 Nom, ""EXXrjv-sg, Xa/X'Trdd-zg, rgaiJ/^ar-a, 
 
 V^oc. "EXkriv-Bg. y^af/^'jrdd-sg. r^av/jyar-a. 
 
 Gen, 'EXX^v-oiv. Xa/ub'Trdd-cjjv. r^avf/jdr-ojv. 
 
 Dat, "EWrj^cf'i. Xa/ATa-^r/. TPai)[jjd-(5i. 
 
 Ace, "FiXXrjv-ag. Xa/jj^rdd-ag. rpav/Jbar-a, 
 
 Eem. — (1) All nouns that have the genitive in oq belong to this 
 declension. 
 
 (2) It will be observed that the masculines and feminines have 
 the same terminations, but the neuters have the voe. and ace. sing. 
 like the nom., and that the nom. voe. and aec. x>lu. end in a. 
 
 C3) The vocatives of all tlie genders are generally like the nomi- 
 natives, but nouns ending in q drop the c, as nom. ttoXq, " a bo3%'* 
 voe. TToi; nom. (SaffiXevg^ '* a king," voe. PaaiXev; except ttoD^, 
 ** a foot," and oSovgy^' a tooth," these preserve the g to distinguish 
 them from ttov, '' somewhere," and odov, gen. of bdog. Nouns in 
 ag or ng, gen. vrog^ make the voe. in v, as yiyag^ *' a giant," voe, 
 yiyav. 
 
 (4) When a masculine or feminine noun increases in the gen., 
 the increment is retained throughout the other cases, except the 
 voe. sing, and dat, plu. The consonant of the genitive is dropped 
 in the dative plural when i of the dative singular is preceded by 
 V or by d, r, 9. If v itself is accompanied by 8, r, or 0, both 
 consonants are dropped, as yiyag^ gen. yiyavrog^ dat, sing. 
 yiyavTi, dat. plu. yiydcri ; and when the dative singular makes 
 ovTi, the is changed into ov after the consonants are dropped, as 
 Xtu)v^ " a lion," gen. XsovTog, dat. sing. Xkovrt, dat. plu. Xiovai. 
 
 (5) In the models given above it will be seen that masc. and 
 fem. nouns have the ace. sing, in a; nouns, however, in ig, ttg^ avg, 
 and ovg generally take v^ as 6(l)igj " a serpent,'^ aec. o(piv\ fSoTpvg, 
 *' a grape," aec. fSorpvv ; ypavg^ " an old woman," aec. ypavv ; 
 jSovg^ "an ox," ^ovv, but Aig, '* Jupiter," makes Ala. 
 
 (6) When lo x)y tj precedes the final consonant of the nom, these 
 vowels are sometimes changed into o, a in the other cases, as Kvtojfj 
 *^ Si dogy" voe. Kvov] (rairrjp, *' a preserver," voe. GtJrsp, and e is 
 very generally dropped in the gen, and dat. sing., as firirrip, ^' a 
 mother," voe. fJirirepy gen. fxrjrspogy or fjLrjrpo^j dat. fJir]Tipiy or 
 ^rjTpi. 
 
 (7) The doubles ^ and •<// are resolved into their simples in the 
 oblique cases, as nom. (pXexp ((pXefig), " a vein,*' gen, ^Xepog ; 
 Kopa^ {KopaKg)j "a crow," gen. KopaKog; but are retained in the 
 dative plural, as Kopa^i. 
 
FIRST GEEEK COURSE. 
 
 49 
 
 (8) When the genitive ends in og, pure, that is, when preceded 
 by a vowel, some of the cases are contracted ; thus : — 
 
 fSacnXevg, "a king;" gen. ^adiX-kwg, 
 Flural. 
 
 Singular, 
 Nonu paffiX-evg^ 
 Vo€. Patn\-ev. 
 Gen. ^acTiX-sog {eojg). 
 Dat. (3a(nX-£i (ft). 
 Acc» fSaaLX-ea {rj rarely). 
 
 Kom. l3a(nX-s&g {elg or yg), 
 Voe. jSaaiX'Sfg (eXg). 
 Gen, paatX-Siov. 
 JDat, l5a(nX-ev(Ti. 
 Ace, jSaaiX'iag (tig). 
 
 Dual. 
 ir.V.A. PatTiX-t's. 
 G, D. PaaiX'Soiv. 
 
 So in other nouns st, eg, and ea are usually contracted into el ; 
 but €rt, except in ace. plu,^ generally becomes rj, and ef of the dual 
 is likewise sometimes contracted into rj. Nouns in og or rjg that 
 have eog in gen. contract eo into ov, as iispog^ '* apart," gen. nsp-eog^ 
 but contracted into jjiep-oug ; so 'EcjKpdrrjgy " Socrates,'* gen, 
 ^ijjKpdr-eog, ^(oKpoLTovg. (See Appendix.) 
 
 (9) In the genitive Xafiirddog, the penult vowel is short, and the 
 penult quantity of all the other augmented cases (including the 
 dative plural) is the same as that of the genitive. 
 
 73. 
 
 KaraffKOTTog, ov (6), an ex- 
 plorer, a pioneer. 
 
 *0d6g, ov (17), a way, an expedi- 
 tion. 
 
 ^YScltlov, ov (to), a drop or 
 small pool of water, 
 
 Kpdvog, eog-ovg {to), a helmet. 
 
 ^aKtdwv, ovog (6), a Macedo- 
 nian. 
 
 "Y^wf), aTog (to), water. 
 
 Ai\l/og, eog-ovg (to), thirst. 
 
 KolXog, rj, ov {dat. fern. KoiXy), 
 hollow. 
 
 MTfcpo^, a, ov (ace. neut. fjLiKpov)^ 
 little, small. 
 
 "Avvdpog, ov (aec.fem. dvvdpov), 
 without water, arid. 
 
 *Op<ivTit)V (gen. plu. of bpC^v), 
 seeing, beholding. 
 
 *OSsv(ji)v, crossing. 
 
 ^avivTog (gen. sing of (paveig), 
 
 glittering. 
 'AvTsxovTeg (ace. plu. of av- 
 
 rexo)v)y resisting, bearing up. 
 'AXaXd^ovTsg (nam. plu. of dXa- 
 
 Xa^wv), uttering shouts of joy 
 
 or praise. 
 ITtwi/, drinking. 
 Aei^agj having shewn. 
 BaXovTsg (ace. plu. of ^aXwv)^ 
 
 having gathered, thrown. 
 Y^vpovTsg (nam. plu. of tvpu>v)y 
 
 having found. 
 AvTog, he himself, the same. 
 UdvTOJV (gen. plu. of Trdg), all. 
 'Ettovsl, he or she suffered. 
 'E^g^st, he or she overturned. 
 Xprjj it behoves, one ought. 
 
50 
 
 AHI!^ S METHOD. 
 
 Kofii^_ov(n (v), they bring. 
 
 *E K6\6uor,they called, appointed, 
 
 desired, commanded. 
 'EvOvfiETvt to have courage. 
 *HysL(T9aif to be chief or leader. 
 Mrjy not. 
 
 Ovv (enclitic), then. 
 
 EyjO(J(Tra>^, bravely. 
 
 'Ytto, from. 
 
 Aid, through, in consequence of. 
 
 UpoQy against. 
 
 'Qg, as, how. 
 
 g'TToi^s/, xoci 0/ Ma%g^oi/sg • 0/ ds %ara67iO'7rot rrig %w^a^, h 
 xoiXp 'TBTpcx, fJbiTtpov vddriov sbpovrsg^ rovro (SaXovng sti 
 Kgdvog ' AXs^dvdpitj xo[jjiZ^o\j6iv. 'O bs rfj armaria dei^ag^ 
 oog ivdvpi^sTv '/^h'i pavsi/ro^ 'xiharog^ avrog (j^n 'rrichv^ ^P/C^' ''^ 
 xpdvog^ ^dvrcfjv o^ojvrcfjv. 0/ ovv MocTtzdovsg dXaXd^cvrsg 
 sTisXsvov avro]/ riyiT^^ai ryjg 6do\j, 'jrfog to dl-^og zvpojcfrcfjg 
 avrs^ovTsg^ did rriv rov jSac^iXsMg \y%2^drziav, 
 
 Hem. — (1) Trjv dvvdpov {yw)y " the without water (land)," i, e. 
 "the desert.'* 
 
 (2) MiKpbv v^driov, " a little water.'* 
 
 (3) *0 ^8 Ty (jTpaTiq. Sei^aQy "but he having shewn to the £irmj,'* 
 i. e. " but he, in order to shew to the army.^'' The articles 6, r), 
 are sometimes used as pronouns equivalent to he^ she^ it, 
 
 (4) 'Qq evOvfiELv xp^i " as it is necessary to have courage." 
 
 (5) f^avEVTog vSaTog, *' the water being visible ;*' and iravriov 
 opwvTioVf " whilst all were looking on/' are further examples of 
 the genitive absolute. (See Rem. 6, Ex. 70.) 
 
 {Q) KvTOQ nTj TTiioVj '* the same not drinking/* i.e. "without 
 drinking it." The particle firj is used instead of ov when the ne- 
 gation refers to an incidental clause, or to a single word, of a sen- 
 tence. 
 
 74. 
 
 Mr]Vj 6g (6), a month. 
 "EttjO, og (to). Spring. 
 liXdrioVj og (6). Plato. 
 KiKsp(jjv, og (6), Cicero. 
 '26X(i)Vf og (6), Solon. 
 'ld<T(i)v {''ld<yiijv),ovog (6), Jason. 
 'EiKiovy ovog (?)), a portrait, a 
 
 statue, a figure. 
 *HyfjLiwv, ovog (6), a chiefj a 
 
 leader, a prince. 
 ^P?irw|0, oQog (6), an orator. 
 
 BoTpvg^ vog (d), a grape, a 
 
 cluster of grapes. 
 "AvOogy Eog-ovg {to)^ a flower. 
 Asog^ eog-ovg {to), fear, terror. 
 Mkpogj iog-ovg (to) a part, a 
 
 portion. 
 KdWog, sog-ovg {ro)^ beauty. 
 AvvoLfiig (log, eo^) ^ojg {rf), 
 
 power. 
 ndpddXig (log, eog) etjjgj (jj), a 
 
 panther. 
 
FIEST GEEEK COUKSE. 
 
 51 
 
 ^(iJKpdrr}g,sog-ovg (6), Socrates. 
 "Ocptg {iog,eog)ftiog (6), a serpent. 
 ^povrjdig, fjcreojg (r/), prudence. 
 Aiffxporrjg, ijrog (/)), shame, 
 AoyioTYjg, r)Tog (^), eloquence. 
 IStoTrjg^ r}Tog (r)), youth. 
 Tijpag, arog (to), age. 
 Xpwjua, drog (to), colour. 
 Krrifia, drog (to), a possession. 
 Updyfjia, aTog (to), a thing, 
 
 affair, act, deed, business. 
 BXififxa, aTog (to), the aspect, 
 
 countenance. 
 Aswv, ovTog (6), a lion. 
 Tkpijjv, ovTog (6), an old man. 
 ^EXscpag, avTog (6), an elephant. 
 KopaK, aKog (6), a crow. 
 KoXal, diccg (6), a flatterer. 
 
 'AXwttt;^, iKog (tj), a fox. 
 '0/i>}Xt|, tico|^ (6), (^om. j!?/^,5^. 
 ofXTjXiKsg), of the same age, a 
 
 contemporary. 
 "Ava^, ciKTog (6), a prince. 
 "Opvig, Wog (b, ?)), a bird. 
 Sfi'^f^, i^ojf (6), Xeuxis. 
 riapvadTig, Xdog (ry), Parysatis. 
 ^sfxipafiig, iSog (ry), Semiramis. 
 IlaT^, TTaidog (6, ?)), (??om. j»/««. 
 
 TToideg), a boy, a girl, a child, 
 
 a young man, 
 Harrjp, iraTpog (6), a father. 
 MrjT7]pf firjrpog (?/), a mother. 
 'Avrip, dvSpog (6), (?^om. j^^w. 
 
 dvSpeg), a man. 
 Tvvrj^ yvvaiKog (??), (?zo«2. ^?^^. 
 
 yvj^ai/cff ), a woman. 
 
 The young men and the old men. The thirst of the 
 panthers. The beauty of the children. The birds of 
 spring. The men of Sicily. The women of Thrace. 
 The power of the chiefs. The black colour of the crows. 
 The terror of both the lions. The contemporaries of the 
 poets ^schylus and Homer. The portraits of the painters 
 Apelles and Xeuxis. The eloquence of the orators Al- 
 cibiades and Aribazus. The prudence of Alexander, the 
 son of Phihp, king of the Macedonians. The virtue of 
 Jason, prince of Thessaly, and ally to Epaminondas. 
 The flatterers of Parysatis, the mother of Cyrus and Ar- 
 taxerxes. The most agreeable possession is youth. The 
 best possession of age is strength. The most noble pos- 
 session of youth is virtue. The aspect of the man was 
 fierce. The self-denial of Solon was great. The estates 
 of Alcibiades are no part of the earth. The explorers of 
 the desert bring water to the elephants. Orontes cross- 
 ing the country suffered from terror. The lioness was 
 considered, not only by the Greeks, but by foreigners, to 
 be the most difficult animal to fight. Really that fox 
 is more compassionate than you. O king ! do you 
 think yourself great on account of your power ? 
 
52 
 
 AHN S METHOD. 
 
 75. 
 
 «^iXoffo0ta, ag (/y), wisdom, 
 science, philosophy. 
 
 Ilat^fta, ac (^), education. 
 
 'Evaspiia, ag (r/), piety, grace. 
 
 QspaTniay ag (^), praise. 
 
 Ilai^ovpyia, ag (»)), cunning, de- 
 ceit. 
 
 Aot^opia, a^ (jy), criticism. 
 
 "NofioOsTTjg, ov (6), a legislator. 
 
 4)tXoc, ou (6), a friend. 
 
 *E;^0poc, ov (6), an enemy. 
 
 KoVo^, ov (d), toil, labour. 
 
 OdvcLTog, ov (d), death. 
 
 Srparjyydc, ou (d), a general. 
 
 'A^???>aToc, 01' (d), an Athenian. 
 
 4>tXd^wo(;, ov (d, 7?), a lover of life. 
 
 'QoV, oij (to), an egg. 
 
 e??(7ai;po'c, oi) (d), a treawe. 
 
 ^Apyvpwv, ov (to), silver, a 
 piece of money. 
 
 Xpuo-ior, ou (ro'), gold. 
 
 "EKacTTog, rj, ov, each, every. 
 
 ATjKrXKog, rj, ov, biting, severe, 
 virulent, 
 
 TevvaXog, a, ov, {dat, mas. yev" 
 vai(p)^ of high birth, generous. 
 
 XprjffXfiog, rj, ov, useful, benign. 
 
 EvTTopog, ovj abounding, abun- 
 dant. 
 
 KpHTTCJv, ov, better, superior, 
 more estimable. 
 
 JloXv/uiaOrig, kg, wise, learned. 
 
 UdvTiov (gen.plu. oiirdg), of all. 
 
 UoWii) (dat, sing, of TroXvg), in 
 much, by much. 
 
 Tivofisvog, becoming, 
 
 'ATToQvrjdKijJv, dying. 
 
 'Eyo;, I. 
 
 'Hfup (dat plu. of eyJ), to us. 
 
 Vr]pd(Jicix), I grow old. 
 
 "EXsye, he or she said. 
 
 Kara (Ka9' before an aspirate), 
 
 Merd, after. 
 
 *H (SrpoLricx, 'E-ra/^s/vwi/^a. To; <7roiy}ra A/c^^vXog %a} 
 
 ^vPi'Trldyjg, 'Nixoc^r^cirogj UeXoTTidag %al ^E'Tra/ubsivoovdocg o) 
 ()TpaTr}yoL 2s////^a/^/c xai KXso'Trarpcx, ra /SaC/X/Vca. *H 
 TTavovpyla tojv aXoj'TTsxc/jvi *0 ddvarog rov 2oij7ipdrovg. *H 
 ai^ypoTYig tujv s-y^^oov. Ta ood ru)V ofsoov, O/ ^aTdsg roTv 
 ys^ovroiv, Udg dv^pc^^og fiXo^ojog \c>riVj 2/ zai dv(fTV^7ig 
 %ai '7tT(fi'Yog. 'H d^zTYi 'tXovtov xpzirrm s(frlv. *0 'AXs^- 
 avdpog 6 (^iXtTT'Trov^ dva^ /xir^tcurspog ^v %ai dizaiors^og. 
 *0 xo'TTog si Tcal /LLoysphg rrig (S-yoXrig diLmm Jtfr/v. 2dXwv, 
 6 rZiv ^Adrjvalcf)v vofjjodsrrig, 6 (io(f>uirar6g rs Ttal ^roXu/^j^a^str- 
 rarog rojv 6/^>jX//ca>v, sXsys' yivo/Jbsvog %a^ \%d(SrYiV 7]/ut,s^av 
 ^oXvfjbads(rrs^og eyoij yyipdaxco. l^ojTtpdrrig dirohrjcfKMv ijv 
 rojv lyfipZjv savTou fMsi^ojv %at e\jdai/xo/s(^TS^og. Ovrog 6 
 (piX6c!oQ)og oxjTi dpyv^iCfj Ticci Xi^^^^ '^^ irXobdiog^ dXXd (piXo' 
 6o(2)iay gutfs/Sg/a xa/ d^BTrj 'ttoXXuj sv'TropoJrarog. 'H Xo/- 
 
FIEST GKEEK COUKSE. 53 
 
 dopia s^dpou bri%Ti%oZ \(Sriv yhJjTv croXXJ ^PTj^i/LLcorspa rrig 
 hpa'TTsiag (pjXov KoXcc'Aog, Msra rriv dpsr^,v, t] irathiia. 
 *7:ccibi yswatuj ^dvTMV rcov ^r}(favpoov \(Sriv 6 [MiyidTog %a/ 
 rifj^iUiTarog. 
 
 Rem. — (1) '0 Tov ^iki-mrov, " the son of Philip/' The words 
 father, mother^ son, are often understood, in which case the article 
 indicates the word dropped. The article itself, however, may he 
 likewise omitted, as ^apeloq ^sp^ov, " Darius the father of 
 Xerxes." 
 
 (2) VivofjisvoQ, " hecoming," i. e, ^' I hecome." An elliptical use 
 of the participle termed the Nominative Absolute. 
 
 (3) Ka0' eKCLffTrjv rifJispav, "hy each day," ^'day hy day," 
 "daily." 
 
 (4) noXX<^ evTropiorarog, " exceedingly ahundant." 
 
 (5) MsTOL rrjv ajotriir," after virtue." The preposition fieru 
 when used to express " after," takes an accusative case. 
 
 76. 
 
 MvpcTivy, t]g (y/), a myrtle. 
 *AvefjL(ovrff rjg (?)), an anemone. 
 TaiJ-iag, ov (6), a dictator. 
 ^L\6(JO(pog, ou (6), a philosopher. 
 ZMypdcpog, ov (6), a painter. 
 AvOpioTTog, ov (o), man. 
 *A(T<TvpLog, ov (d), an Assyrian. 
 AiyvTrriog, ov {6% an Egyptian. 
 *'Ofirjpog, ov (d), Homer. 
 Ah^vXogy ov (d), ^schylus. 
 'NiTXog, ov (d), the Nile. 
 "Eppog, ov (d), the Hebrus. 
 "Aprog, ov (d), bread, a loaf. 
 
 Otvog, ov (d), wine. 
 'YaKtvOogy ov (d), a hyacinth. 
 Kdfiarog, ov (d), industry. 
 KaipSg., ov (d), a time, a season. 
 Kpvfiog, ov (d), cold. 
 BijSXioj/, ov (ro)^ a book. 
 Zwoj/, ov {r6)y an animal. 
 XwjOtoi^, ov (to), a field, a farm. 
 'IcroicpdrrjgjSog-ovg (d). Isocrates, 
 ArjfioaOtvrjg, Eog-ovg (d), Demos- 
 thenes. 
 SOsvog, eog-ovg, (ro), strength. 
 XfTjLia, G,rog {ro), winter. 
 
 Great in power. Rich in grace. Prudent in war. 
 Abounding in strength. Education is a treasure to men. 
 Beauty is a gift to women. The most useful possession 
 is gold. The most perishable possession is power. Heat 
 is pleasanter than cold. The rose is sweeter than the 
 myrtle. Industry is nobler than idleness. This wine is 
 better than the bread. An Assyrian is darker than an 
 Egyptian. The hyacinth is a prettier flower than the 
 anemone. The elephant is a more sagacious animal than 
 
 E 3 
 
54 ahn's method. 
 
 the horse. Spring is a great deal more agreeable than 
 winter. The Nile is a deeper river than the Ganges. 
 The Ganges is broader and deeper than the Hebrus. 
 Homer was a greater poet than ^schylus. Demosthenes 
 was a more eloquent orator than Cicero. Winter is 
 the season of labour. Socrates was a more pious philo- 
 sopher than Plato. The panther is swifter than the 
 elephant or any other animal of that sort. 
 
 77. 
 THE ADJECTIVES— FIRST DECLENSION, 
 
 (jjovog^ 
 
 alone. 
 
 Singular. 
 
 ^og, 
 
 sacred. 
 
 
 Masc. 
 
 Fem. 
 
 Neut. 
 
 Masc. 
 
 Fern. 
 
 Neut. 
 
 Nom. [J^6v-og^ 
 
 ->jj 
 
 -OV. 
 
 ^-og, 
 
 ^d, 
 
 -OV. 
 
 Foe. fJl^OV'S, 
 
 -^. 
 
 -OV. 
 
 h^4, 
 
 -a, 
 
 -ov. 
 
 Gen. /Ji^ov'ov, 
 
 -ng, 
 
 -ou. 
 
 h^-ov, 
 
 -a^, 
 
 -oD. 
 
 Dat, (^OV'U), 
 
 -??? 
 
 -a;. 
 
 \H~'h 
 
 -a, 
 
 'Gj. 
 
 Ace, [lOV-OVy 
 
 -riv, 
 
 -ov. 
 Dual. 
 
 h^' QVy 
 
 -av, 
 
 ^6v. 
 
 N,V,A,iJj6v'(f)^ 
 
 -a, 
 
 *co. 
 
 h^-Uiy 
 
 -a, 
 
 '(Jo. 
 
 G.D, [JjOV'OIV^ 
 
 1 -a'S 
 
 Flural 
 
 is^-oTvj 
 
 -a/y. 
 
 'oTv. 
 
 N.V. [J^OV'Ol^ 
 
 -a/, 
 
 -a. 
 
 h^-Ol, 
 
 -«/, 
 
 -d. 
 
 Gen. ihov-m^ 
 
 -CfJV^ 
 
 -m. 
 
 iZ^-OOV^ 
 
 -wy, 
 
 -COM. 
 
 Bat, fi6v-otg^ 
 
 'ccig, 
 
 'dig. 
 
 h^-oTg, 
 
 -aTg. 
 
 -o?g. 
 
 Aee. /nov'oug, 
 
 -ag, 
 
 -a. 
 
 h^-O'jg, 
 
 'dg, 
 
 -d. 
 
 Rem. — (1) To this declension belong adjectives of three termi- 
 nations : the masculine and neuter declined like nouns of the second 
 declension, and the feminine like nouns of the first. 
 
 (2) Adjectives ending in pog or oq preceded by a vowel have a 
 in the feminine singular, the others have rj. 
 
 (3) As some nouns in og of the second declension are masculine 
 and some feminine ; so, in some adjectives of this declension the 
 form in og serves for both masculine and feminine ; as mas. nm\ fern. 
 dXKtfiogy ''powerful;" neut. aXKlfiov; gen. for all genders aX/ciuov. 
 
riEST GKEEK COUESE. 
 
 55 
 
 (4) There are a few adjectives of this declension that have forma 
 in w^, these are decline<l like nouns of the second declension, 
 that have the same termination, as masc. and fem. I'jUTrXfwg, "full," 
 neut. e^ttXecjv ; ^en. sing, for all genders iuTrXeuj. (See Eem. 4, 
 Ex. 69.) 
 
 78. 
 
 ^Piofirj, vjg (rj), force, strength. 
 TvxVy nQ {h)i fortune, chance. 
 Ma%7/, r}Q {i]), a battle, fight, 
 
 combat. 
 BovXrj^ rjg^ (^), a counciL 
 Opyrj, rig (r/), anger. 
 Atria, ag (t/), a cause. 
 ^iXiaj ag (»/), friendship, love. 
 ^o<pia, ag (»?), knowledge. 
 'Avdpeia, aq (r/), courage. 
 *AXri9tiay ag (?/), truth. 
 Upopoia, ag (??), foresight. 
 AvSog, ov (6), a Lydian. 
 ^iKvu)Viog, ov (d), a Sicyonian. 
 Moiptxog^ ov (d), Mericus. 
 MKTavOpiDTTog, ov (from fiicTsoj 
 
 I hate, and avOpoinog), (d, ^), 
 
 a misanthrope. 
 <E>*Xapyypoc:, ov (d), a miser. 
 
 Kd(T/xog, ov (d), the world. 
 
 Gedf, ov (d), God. 
 
 KiVovrog ov (d), danger. 
 
 Tifjiojv, lovog (d), Timon. 
 
 <E>wc, (pijJTog (to), light. 
 
 "Opi/i^, i^oy (17), a hen. 
 
 Tovsvg, eog-Eiog (6), a parent, 
 
 KoivSg, 7j, ov, common. 
 
 BsPaiog, a, ov, solid, durable, 
 constant. 
 
 'laxvpbg, a, ov, strong, attrac- 
 tive. 
 
 'Fadtog, la, ov, easy; super, 
 pa<JT0g, rjy ov. 
 
 "ApovXog, ov, blind, headlong. 
 
 ^ATrdvTiov {gen, plu. of aTvag), 
 of all. 
 
 TavTa(neut.plu. of ovroc), these. 
 
 Mev-Ssy but. 
 
 '2o(poi avdpsg, l^ofal yvva/TCsg, ^o(poI ^c^ja. 'H svffs- 
 jSs/a Tov irarpog 6o<po\j, *H p/X/oc rrig fjbTjr^hg (^o(pr}g. 
 To C^si/og rov Z(^ox) (fo<pov, *H <p^6v7i6ig rov ^arpog xal 
 Trig /J^yi'^pog (fo(poTv. O/ "TraTdsg (So(poi. O/ av^^gg (fo(pu)r2^oi, 
 A/ n/'ji^a/jcsg (^ofoorarai, 'H 'ir^ovoia tmv ysvsojv (fo(pctj' 
 rdrrjjv, 0/ Xgoi/rsg, ^>jp/a ^g/va aXXa ysvvaTa, *H sui/^i 
 roD Xsovrog^ ^yjoiov dsivov dXXa yevvaiou. *H o^^»5 roov 
 7^i6vr(/)v^ &yj^/(fjv dsivuv dXXd ysvva/c/jv, *0 ^sTXog %a} 
 6 Tdyyrig^ iroraujo} sv^vrarot %ai jSa&vraroi, ^ooK^drfjg 
 zai llXdrooi/j (piXoaofot (p^ovi/jjdors^oi %ai sv(rsj3s(fTB^oi, 'H 
 dXrjkia rrig airiag biTtaiag. 0/ TC/vdvvoi roJv ^oXs/jboov 
 dsivordrcfjv. K^o/Cog, Moipi-^og, %as Tlff^MV 6 fJiji(^dvd^Cfj'7rog, 
 'TrXovffidoraroi rojv AvdooVj %ai roov ^r/,vCfJv/MVy %ai roov 
 ^ A^r^^o'jfjiv. 'Ev 7a7g ykv jSovXaTg t] (p^6vri(fig rJjg Xoyio^ 
 
56 
 
 AHN S METHOD. 
 
 rrjTog \(Sti npuTrm' Iv ra7g hi i^ayjac,^ r\ u[3ovXog 
 avh^iia d/is/vojv hri rrig (p^ov^c>sojg. 'H cop/cc XTT^f/^d hrt 
 rh %aX\icrov xa/ ro (SsfSaiorccrov d^ravTC/jv rov ^TrXovrov 
 %a} rrig ^oj/uurig xai rov xaXkoxjg hri -ttoXXcC iSs^ociors^ay 
 ravra yap hrjrd s6riv, T/ (ikyitsrov ; 6 %o6iLog, T/ 
 \d.(irov\ TO Tjdv, T/ /Vp^u^orarov ; yj tu^yj, T/ ^pyj(fi/j,oj' 
 rarov ; 6 Qsog, 
 
 Bem. — (1) *Ev Toig jLter fSovXalg q (pp6vri<nQ Trjg XoyioTrfTog Ian 
 KpeiTTLJV' kv toXq de. . , , The particles fikv-^s are used simply 
 to shew the connexion between the two clauses of the sentence, and 
 when employed in this way, have no equivalents in English. They 
 may, however, in this instance, be rendered by "but,'' thus : "In 
 council, prudence is more desirable than eloquence, but . . . ." 
 
 (2) TavTa yap Ovrjrd kariv, "for these are perishable things,''* 
 The word irpayiiaTa^ " things," is understood in this sentence, and 
 consequently the verb eari takes the place of €t(Tt, " are," it being 
 a rule in Greek that a noun in the neuter plural, when it refers to 
 inanimate objects, has a verb in the singular. 
 
 (3) Ti fisyiaTov'f " what greatest .^" i,e, ''whsitthmff is greatest^** 
 In interrogations both the noun '^ things," and the verb "is," are 
 usually understood. 
 
 (4) To rjdv, " the agreeable," i. e. "what is pleasant." The 
 neuter forms of adjectives are used with the article as substantives. 
 
 (5) 'EojKpcLTrjQ Kai UXaTiov^ (piXScrocpot, here the noun (})i\6ao(pog 
 refers to two persons, and ought properly to be in the dual ; the 
 plural, however, is often used under such circumstances. 
 
 79, 
 
 TlicrroQy ^, oV, faithful. 
 
 AoLTToQy i]-, ovj surplus, future. 
 
 'iKCLVoQy rjj 01/, enough, sufficient, 
 plenty. 
 
 HomlKog, rjj 6v, marine, sea. 
 
 *Ivdlic6gj rjj 6v, Indian. 
 
 ^KvOiKogy rj, 6vf Scythian. 
 
 *0\Xyogj r/, OV, few. 
 
 Mkaogy rj, ov, midst, middle. 
 
 "NsKpog, a, 6v, dead. 
 
 ^oPspog, a, 6v, frightful, dread- 
 ful, formidable. 
 
 Aafiirpog^ a, 6v, luminous. 
 
 ^ripog, a, ov, dry, arid. 
 
 'EpvOpog, d^ oj/, red. 
 
 TLmpogy a, ov, bitter, pungent. 
 
 'Yypog, a, ov^ moist, watery, 
 damp, humid. 
 
 Tpvxripogi a, or, ragged, tattered. 
 
 Tpvcpepog, a, 6v, voluptuous, 
 luxurious, 
 
 Kaprepogy a, oV, firm, patient. 
 
 "^KXfjpog^ dj ovy hard, unscrupu- 
 lous. 
 
 TTorTypo'c, d oV, penurious. 
 
 'AOpoog, a, op, accumulated. 
 
FIRST GKEEK COUitSE. 
 
 57 
 
 'EvavTwg, ia, iov, unfriendly. 
 
 UoXkiJLiog, ia, lov, hostile. 
 
 "l^ioQ^ ia, lov, own, one's own, 
 private. 
 
 TeXoXoQf ia, lov, laughable, ri- 
 diculous. 
 
 ^AvdpeToQy ia, Tor, courageous, 
 manly. 
 
 "AOviiog, ov, discouraged. 
 
 "HjJiepoQj ov, tame, tractable, 
 kind, clement. 
 
 "ATpenTOQj ov, intrepid, invin- 
 cible. 
 
 Xpv(ToT6Kogy ov, that lays golden 
 eggs, with the golden eggs. 
 
 ^iXepyogj ov, loving work, hard 
 working, industrious. 
 
 *Afi(pippc7rcg, or, leaning to both 
 sides, doubtful. 
 
 Penurious friends. Ridiculous enterprises. Frightful 
 countenances. Tractable soldiers. Hostile criticisms. 
 Clement acts. The men are unscrupulous. The 
 women are unfriendly. The children are timid. The 
 weapons are good. The myrtles are pretty. The apples 
 are ripe. One's own estate. Hens with golden eggs. 
 Future seasons. Marine birds. River horses, frightful 
 brutes. Elephants, powerful animals. Panthers, brutes 
 very difficult to fight. Lionesses are more difficult to 
 fight than panthers. Men more skilled in painting than 
 the Greeks. Soldiers more courageous than the Mace- 
 donians. Age is more courageous than youth. The 
 prudence of an inteUigent legislator. The worth of 
 real wisdom. The evils of a doubtful war. The death 
 of constant and faithful friends. The councils of Semi- 
 ramis, queen of the Assyrians, a daring and courageous 
 woman. Perdiccas captured the lioness and her cubs in 
 a vast cave. Hystaspes killed the panther with a sharp 
 knife. Alexander suffered thirst at the Indian fron- 
 tiers. What thing is wisest? — Truth. What thing is most 
 beautiful ? — Light. W^hat is most common } — Death. 
 
 80. 
 
 K50aX^, rjQ (r/), a head. 
 Ot/cia, ag (rj), a house. 
 *A7rXrj(7Tia, ag (r/), insatiability. 
 ^YTTCKplrrjg, Ov (o), an actor, 
 hypocrite. 
 
 lEvspysrrig, ov (6), a benefactor, 
 AiKacTTrjg, ov (6), a judge. 
 llXovrapxog, ov (6), Plutarch. 
 Qv^og, ov (6), the will, passion, 
 Kvvtjyogj ov (6), a hunter. 
 
68 
 
 a.hn's method. 
 
 AlXovpoQy ov (o), a cat. 
 
 'Eyfct^aXoc, ov (6), brains. 
 
 MopfxoXvKsTov (to), a mask. 
 
 Mug, fivoQ (6), a mouse. 
 
 Xtipy %£tpoe (ry), a hand, a 
 paw. 
 
 Kpt(riC, ewg {ri), a judgment. 
 
 SKcvog, €oc-ovc (to), a move- 
 able, a utensil, a property. 
 
 GuXa^, aKoc (o), a sack of flour. 
 
 'YyiaivovTeQj wv (ot), the 
 healthy. 
 
 "NcaovvreQ, (ov (ol), the sick. 
 
 l^vrvx^vvTiQi wv (ol), the for- 
 tunate. 
 
 'OpyiXog, >;, or, subject to anger. 
 
 "AOiicrcg, ov, intact, sacred. 
 
 ^Avewix^iprircQ, ov, impractica- 
 ble, invulnerable. 
 
 'EXOijjv, ovaa^ 6v^ having en- 
 tered. 
 
 'AvaXafStJv. ovaa, ov, having 
 lifted up. 
 
 AtepeuvwjiitvoQ, t], ov, turning 
 over, investigating. 
 
 'KaTe(TKeva(TiiBvoQ^ rj, ov, 
 wrought, made up. 
 
 npccTTovrsQ, {nom. of phi. Trpar- 
 Tiiiv, oucra, ov), doing. 
 
 "Hv, which. 
 
 "E^ft, he, she, or it has. 
 
 Aey£t, he, she, or it says. 
 
 "E^?/, he, she, or it said. 
 
 Ohdivf EVOQ, (to), nothing. 
 
 Ovdk (ovd' before a vowel), nor, 
 or (for nor), neither. 
 
 KaKwg, ill. 
 
 Ei;^ua>c, cleverly, curiously. 
 
 0/ binaural dixaioi. Tee xp/Vgs diza/a. Ta craXm 
 rwv ?CLiv?5ywv dvdpsic/j)'^ A/ a^srat evi^ysrojv ysvva/oov. *0 
 •rXovrog M^dog rov (piXa^yv^ou (SxXyjoou %ai irovri^oZ, 
 OvfM(fj a^iKTOv ovdh^ ovd' dvs<7n^si^?ir6v Icfrtv, A/ yvvahcsg^ 
 ^g Xsysi ITXourapp/os', roov dv^poj^rm o^yiXuirs^a! sl6iv' 
 0/ yo(^ovv7sg ruv hyiaivdvT'j)\^ o) ys^ovrsg roov vsavi^v^ or 
 TCazojg "TTpdrrovTsg tojv svrv^ovvrcfjv u(Siv opytXdorspoi, 
 'AXouTTTj^, g/g o/Xiav sXdov(Sa b^oK^irov^ %ai s7ca<^TOV rojv 
 avTo\) 6%ivojv dts^swc/jfLsvYj^ gS^s xai %2(paXr^v fj^o^fioXvxsiO'j 
 eij(pvojg xaTiCXiva^iJ^Bvrir rjv xal dvaXci(3o\j(ra raTg %g^(J'/V, 
 i<pri' "^n olec KS(pocAril xoci syxs(pocXov obx s^Si.'^ 
 
 Eem.— «(1) 01 KaKihg TrpdrTovreg, *'the doing badly," i.e. *' the 
 unfortunate." 
 
 (2) Eig oUiav vnoKpirov, *' into a house of actor," i. e. "into 
 an actor's house." This construction of the genitive, which fre- 
 quently occurs, is precisely equivalent to the English possessive case, 
 
 (3) Kat tKUGTov, *' and each," i. e. " one by one," " one after 
 the other.'* (See Rem. 3, Ex. 75.) 
 
 (4) K£0aX?)v nopfjLoXvKeioVf "head of mask," ue. **a mask 
 representing a head," *' a mask-head," " a mask." 
 
 (5) TaTg xtptri, " in her or its paws." The article is here used 
 as a possessive pronoun. (See Rem. 3, Ex. 59.) 
 
FIllST GREEK COURSE. 59 
 
 81. 
 
 Auptvvwixsvog^ r), ovf turning 
 
 over, investigating. 
 Vivofievogj t], ov, becoming. 
 TavojuLevog, rj, ov^ become. 
 reypafijxfvog, rj, ov, represented. 
 TeTv^iofikvoQf 1], oVj conceited. 
 
 KareffKivacrfiivOQ, yj^ ov, 
 wrought, made up. 
 
 OeaadjjLtvog^ ?/, ov, having in- 
 spected. 
 
 ^varparevffdjxivog^rjj ov, having 
 fought. 
 
 Rem. — (1) The participles agree with the noun in number, 
 gender, and case. 
 
 (2) A participle with the article is equivalent to a relative with 
 the verb. (See Eem. 2, Ex. 65.) 
 
 A sword curiously wrought. Actor's properties cle- 
 verly made up. Attica is not represented in the map of 
 the world. Perdiccas investigating each of the weapons, 
 found a good spear. The explorers having inspected 
 the country, bring water to the army. The girl who 
 becomes daily more amiable. The courage of the chiefs 
 who had fought with Alexander. The prudence of the 
 king who had become an ally to the Thebans. The vile 
 misers who become day by day richer and more wretched. 
 Socrates, seeing that the young men were conceited on 
 account of their wealth, did not praise them. 
 
 82. 
 ADJECTIVES-SECOND DECLENSIOIST. 
 
 
 $uda//J^ojv, 
 
 happy. 
 
 uATi^Tjg, true. 
 
 
 
 Singular 
 
 
 
 
 Maf5C. and Fem 
 
 Neut. 
 
 Masc. and Fem. 
 
 Neut. 
 
 Nom, 
 
 ebda/fjb-Cfjv, 
 
 -ov. 
 
 aXyjO'Tjg, 
 
 -k* 
 
 Foe. 
 
 svdaifL-ov^ 
 
 'OV. 
 
 aXrid-sg, 
 
 'i^' 
 
 Gen. 
 
 zhbai[jj-ovog^ 
 
 -ovog. 
 
 dXrid'{sog) 
 
 'Ovg. -iog^ovg. 
 
 Dat. 
 
 svdaffjj-ovi 
 
 'OVI, 
 
 CLkTi&'i^u)' 
 
 S/, -f/-g/. 
 
 Ace, 
 
 ivdajfjb-ova, 
 
 •ova. 
 
 aXrid'(^eoc)- 
 
 -yj, 'ig. 
 
60 ahn's method. 
 
 Dtial. 
 Masc. and Fern. Neut. Masc. and Fern. Neut 
 
 G, D. evdai/jj'OVOiv, -ovoiv. aXy]&'\^ioiv)-o7v^ -io/v-oTv, 
 
 Flural. 
 
 N, V, svbai/j^-ovsgy -ova, dX7}d-{esg)-sTg^ -/a-^. 
 
 Gen. svda/f/^'Ovuv^ -ovmv, aX.?j^-(€Wi/)-&)i', -ectjv-ojv, 
 
 Ace. evdal/jij-ovag, -ova. dXyid'{eag)-BTg^ -ea-yj. 
 
 Bem. — (1) Adjectives of this declension have two terminations 
 only,- one for the mase. and fern., and another for the neuter y both 
 of which are declined like nouns of the third declension. 
 
 (2) It will be observed that some forms of the second model are 
 contracted ; this occurs, as in nouns of the third declension, when 
 the termination oe of the gen. is preceded by a vowel. (See Ap- 
 pendix.) 
 
 (3) The following are the terminations of the second declen- 
 sion : — 
 
 Masc. and Fem. 
 
 Nejit. 
 
 Gen. 
 
 Voc. 
 
 -WJ/, 
 
 'Ov; 
 
 -ovog. 
 
 -ov. 
 
 -nQy 
 
 'iQ'j 
 
 -^OQ, 
 
 -fC- 
 
 'TJV, 
 
 -sv; 
 
 -evog, 
 
 -€!/. 
 
 -tc, 
 
 -*; 
 
 'iTog, 
 
 -t. 
 
 'VQy 
 
 'v; 
 
 -VTOQy 
 
 -v. 
 
 (4) Comparatives in wr, which belong to this declension, have 
 some of their cases contracted thus :— 
 
 fiti^iov^ '* greater •," neut. [xel^ov. 
 
 Flural. 
 
 Masc.'and Fem. Neut. Masc. and Fem. Nent. 
 
 N. fxei^-ajv, -ov. ijiei^-oviQ-(p€Q)'OVQ, -ova-{on)-iO, 
 
 G. Iiui-OVOQ, 'OVOQ. IXSl'C'OVMV, -OVbJV. 
 
 J). fiti^'Oviy 'OVL. /i€t^-0(7t, -oai. 
 
 A. iJLdZ-ova'{oa)-Wy -ov. fiait'OVag'{oaQyovQ, -ova,(o«),<*>. 
 
 Dual. 
 
 Masc. and Fem. 
 
 Neut. 
 
 N. A. fiti'C ovE, 
 
 '0V6. 
 
 G. D. fifL^-ovoiv. 
 
 "Ovoiv. 
 
FIEST GKEJEK COtTUSE, 
 
 61 
 
 83. 
 
 ^"x^, vg {ri)i tbe soul, mind. 
 
 rAw(T(TaXyia, ag (y), an indis- 
 cretion. 
 
 ^avracria, ag (rj), fancy, imagi- 
 nation. 
 
 UsKTKTTparrjQ^ Cv (o), Pisistratus. 
 
 TvpavvoQ, ov (6), an absolute 
 king, a tyrant. 
 
 UaiSayctjyog^f ov (6), a tutor, a 
 pedagogue. 
 
 Fewpyot;, ov (o), a peasant. 
 
 yilrog ev (6), grain. 
 
 Xpovog^ ov (6), time. 
 
 "ApoTpov, ov (6), a plough. 
 
 ^i^a(T/caXfTov, ov {to), a school. 
 
 OEfii<TToic\7]g^ eovg (6), Themis- 
 tocles. 
 
 Kvwv, Kvvog (o)j a dog. 
 
 ^u>fiay arog (roj, the body. 
 
 'AX6yi(Troc, ov, senseless, insig- 
 nificant, little. 
 
 MsyoXd^pwv, or, magnanimous. 
 
 rXuKrTwv, ov, sweeter, more de- 
 licious. 
 
 MsyaXo7rp£7r?7f, hg^ magnificent, 
 great. 
 
 *0 Xifi^TYig KayJoov, Tw 
 
 Uavreg {masc, plu. of irag)^ all. 
 
 "Qv, being. 
 
 lipogdyovroQ^gen.of Trpogdyiov)^ 
 advancing, passing. 
 
 Tipo4;i6vTOQ (gen. of 7rpogi(i)v)y 
 approaching. 
 
 AvTTj {fern, of ovTog), this. 
 
 AvT(^ (dat. of avroQ)^ for him. 
 
 Ti («ewf. of rig), something. 
 
 'ETTcivyti, he, she, o?' it was re- 
 turning. 
 
 ''EvecpaivsTO, he, she, or it was 
 displayed, shone. 
 
 'ATTf/cpivaro, he, she, or it re- 
 plied. 
 
 *Etcxi»>prj(rai, to have made place, 
 to have moved. 
 
 JIdvv, very. 
 
 'E\ev9epiojgj boldly. 
 
 EZra, then, at that time. 
 
 OvTiog apa^ in this way. 
 
 'Efc (t^ before a vowel), from. 
 
 Kara, in, on, as to. 
 
 As Kaiy however, 
 
 "Ert, yet, still. 
 
 Pap, because, is it that ? 
 
 X^jcra xaxtovs, 0/ xa^TTo! 
 
 /ca/ <TtTO}yo] xal h\)6r\)yfic, s/V/v. 'O a'^y\^ p.i'yako^^i'Ttrig 
 fih ruj (Soj/Jbari, xara ds -^v^riv dX6yt(rrog, 'H pavratf/a 
 Tov dvd^hc iJ.syccXo'irps^ovg imv toj (jdo/xari^ xard h\ '^\)yj\v 
 dXoyicro'o, A) ykoxsciakYicn t-wv av^^wi/ (MyaXo'ir^iircfjy 
 
 *7rori Ix htha6%a'kiio'j itaifg sri ojv (di[JA6T07O\.rig, ^Jra 
 ^^ogtovTog Hnai^rpcLTOv^ 6 itaihayuijlg 'i(p7] tuj ^spuK^roxXsT 
 fUTtph l%y^U}pYi6ai rvig odov^ ir^oga^yovro? rov rv^dnov. *0 
 Bs %at <7rdv\) sAsvhpfcog d'Trsx^ivaro : '' Autt} ydg^ sJ'Tnv^ 
 avruj ohy^ ixavri bhog ;" ODrwg a^a suyivsg rt kui fisyd' 
 
 Eem. — (1) Oi KaoTToi yXvKiovgj *' the sweeter fruits." Some 
 
62 
 
 AHN S METHOD. 
 
 adjectives have comparatives in iiov as well as in repog ; thus 
 " sweeter" may either be rendered by yXvKiMv or yXvKvrepog, 
 
 (2) *Ek didaaKaXtioVf " from school/* The preposition sk go- 
 verns a genitive case. 
 
 (3) Elra TrpogiovroQ TleiUKTrparov^ "Pisistratus happening 
 to pass at the thne.^' Words used to extend the signification of 
 other words (adverbs) are often placed like dra at the head of 
 the sentence. 
 
 (4) *0 irai^ayiayoQ l<pr] ri^ OefjuaroKXeT BKxd^prjcrai rrjg odov^ 
 " The pedagogue told Themistocles to have moved out of the way, 
 t. e. " to move out of the way.'* A past form of the infinitive 
 mood is sometimes used, as in the text, after another verb. 
 
 (5) '0 ^£ irdvv kXevOepiiog dTrsKpivaro. "but he very )boldly 
 replied." The article used as a pronoun. (See Eem. 3, &. 73.) 
 
 (6) AvTTj yap avT(f 01)% iKavi] bd6g\ " Why, is there not space 
 enough for him already ?" 
 
 (7) Evyivkg Ti, " something noble." The particles ti'c, tl in 
 affirmative sentences are always placed after the word to which 
 they refer. (See Rem. 5, Ex. 68.) 
 
 (8) Kat li sKuvoVf " and from that," u e, ** and from that 
 time on." The word xP<^^o^» understood. 
 
 84. 
 
 '^TritTTrificov, oVf skilful. 
 
 ^AfivjjLijjVy ov, blameless, inno- 
 cent. 
 
 "EvyviofKov, ovy reasonable, can- 
 did. 
 
 ^Airpdyfiajv^ ov, disengaged, free 
 from care. 
 
 2a)0|owi/, oVf rational, of sound 
 Blind. 
 
 'ArepnujVj Ov, boundless, infinite. 
 
 MvrifjLO)V, ov, mindfal. 
 
 AvT6xd(ov, ov, indigenous. 
 
 TLsTTojv, ov, sun-dried, mellow, 
 ripe. 
 
 UXeiujv, ov, more, greater. 
 
 MeiiJt)v, oVf less, lesser. 
 
 ^Ex9iix)v, ov, more unfriendly. 
 
 MeyaXoTTpdy^iov, ov, prone to 
 undertake great things, en- 
 terprising. 
 
 KaKodaijjLojv, ov, unfortunate, 
 unhappy. 
 
 'Aj3Xa/3}7c, f c» unhurt. 
 
 'ETTLiJLeXrjg, eg, vigilant. 
 
 'AKpTjSrjg, eg, exact, strict, ac- 
 curate. 
 
 KivSvvojSijg^ eg, dangerous. 
 
 *A<pavr)g, eg, obscure, ignoble. 
 
 'AixdOrjg, eg, untaught, ignorant, 
 rude. 
 
 'ETTaxOr/c eg, odious. 
 
 'Anrjvrjg, eg, cruel, savage. 
 
 Aa\pLXr}g, eg, expensive, profuse, 
 sumptuous. 
 
 'ETTieucrjg, eg, reasonable, right, 
 fair. 
 
 l^ioXefirig, eg, energetic, assidu- 
 ous. 
 
 BvriO^g, eg, frank, ingenuous, 
 open. 
 
 ^iXoTTarpig, i, patriotic. 
 
 Tig, Tl (enclitic), a certain, some, 
 any. 
 
 Evxapic, h g^ad, joyful, happy. 
 
FIKST GEEEK COIJiiSE. 63 
 
 A certain hard working peasant. A certain vile 
 animal. Some intelligent foreigners. A patriotic mother. 
 Glad minds. Joyful truths. Happy countenances. Men 
 prone to undertake great things. Poets of sound mind. 
 Women free from care. Flatterers sumptuous in praise. 
 Kings boundless in power. Legislators accurate in fore- 
 sight. Soldiers odious to Alexander. Lands that are no 
 part of Attica. Flowers indigenous to Sicily. Argives 
 skilful in deceit. More prudence than courage. Less 
 wine than water. The Macedonians are more unfriendly to 
 the Greeks. The beauty of innocent children. The vi- 
 gilant dog of the ignorant hunters. The ripe grains of 
 Thrace. The reasonable judgments of a just judge. The 
 cruel deeds of an ignoble tyrant. The w^orth of mindful 
 friends, I am unhappy. Art thou blameless ? What 
 thing is most dangerous ? — ^Fancy. 
 
 85. 
 ADJECTIVES— THIEP DECLEKSION. 
 
 
 dpifjL-j^, sharp. 
 
 
 
 Si7igiilar. 
 
 
 Masc. 
 
 Fem. 
 
 Neut. 
 
 Nom. opi/j^-'jc, 
 
 dpi/jj-sT(X^ 
 
 bpiiJj-'j, 
 
 Voc, ho I (J,- 6, 
 
 dpifji^-iTa, 
 
 OPl/Jj-V, 
 
 Gen, d fit a- so g, 
 
 dpifJb'Siag, 
 
 dpifjb-£og. 
 
 Bat, bpi(jj'ei-u^ 
 
 dpi/M-sta^ 
 
 hpiiJj'U-iT, 
 
 Ace, dpt^'VV, 
 
 dpi/jj-sTav^ 
 Dual 
 
 dpifju-'j. 
 
 N.A, dpifM'h, 
 
 hpiiJj'iia^ 
 
 dpi/J^'ES. 
 
 D.G, hpiiM-ioiVy 
 
 dpifj^-iiaiVj 
 
 hpi[jj £0/1/. 
 
 F 2 
 
64 
 
 AHJf S METHOD. 
 
 
 
 FluraL 
 
 
 N.F. 
 
 d^ifj^-isg-sTg, 
 
 d^ifjb'sTa/^ 
 
 hpifi'ia. 
 
 Gen. 
 
 d^lfl'SMV, 
 
 d^ifjj-siMv^ 
 
 bpifjj'sm. 
 
 Bat, 
 
 b^ifjj'S^i^ 
 
 b^i[jj'iiaig, 
 
 d^ifjb'Sdt, 
 
 Ace, 
 
 d^i/jj-sag-iTgj 
 
 hpi^'sTag^ 
 
 hpfjj'ia. 
 
 Rem. — (1) Adjectives of this declension have three terminations, 
 the masculine and neuter declined like nouns of the third, and the 
 feminines like nouns of the first declension. 
 
 (2) The following terminations belong to this declension : — 
 
 Mas. 
 
 Nominatk 
 Fern. 
 
 Neut 
 
 Mas. 
 
 Genitive, 
 Fem. Neut. 
 
 Vocative, 
 Mas. 
 
 -ag, 
 
 aiva^ 
 
 av. 
 
 -avogy 
 
 aivrjg. 
 
 avog. 
 
 -av. 
 
 -rjv, 
 
 €Lva, 
 
 sv. 
 
 •evog. 
 
 eivrig, 
 
 ivog. 
 
 'SV, 
 
 'ieiCy 
 
 Uuffa^ 
 
 isv. 
 
 'UvTog, 
 
 dfftTrjgf 
 
 lEVTOg, 
 
 'SV, 
 
 'Sets, 
 'ovg, 
 
 6f(T<Tay 
 oixjca, 
 
 osv. f 
 ovv,S 
 
 'CvvTog, 
 
 ov(J(Tr)g 
 
 ovvTog 
 
 'OV, 
 
 'Tjeigt 
 
 
 ij£v, I 
 rjv, 5 
 
 'ijvrog, 
 
 'hcTGrig, 
 
 rjvTog, 
 
 
 'VQ, 
 
 eta. 
 
 V. 
 
 -eog, 
 
 Hag, 
 
 eog. 
 
 
 -wr, 
 
 ovffa^ 
 
 cv. 
 
 'Ovrog, 
 
 ovffijg, 
 
 ovTog. 
 
 
 -«c, 
 
 affa^ 
 
 av, 
 
 -avrog. 
 
 dcrrjg, 
 
 avTog, 
 
 
 -fig, 
 
 tlfftti 
 
 iv. 
 
 'SVTog, 
 
 iiarigy 
 
 kvTog, 
 
 
 Amongst these terminations are included the participles in mv, agy 
 and Hgj which are declined thus :— 
 
 
 
 
 hijjv, willing. 
 
 
 
 
 Singular, 
 
 
 
 Plural 
 
 
 
 Mas. 
 
 Fern; 
 
 Neut. 
 
 Mas. 
 
 Fem. 
 
 Neut. 
 
 N,V. 
 
 kK-(OVy 
 
 -ovcta. 
 
 -6v. 
 
 "OVTsg, 
 
 -oveaiy 
 
 'Ovra. 
 
 Gen, 
 
 £K-6vTog, 
 
 'Ouarjg, 
 
 -QVTOg. 
 
 'OVTiOV, 
 
 'OVdMVy 
 
 "Ol^TWV, 
 
 Dat. 
 
 ilC OVTlj 
 
 'Ovag, 
 
 -OVTL. 
 
 'OVGl, 
 
 'Ovuaigy 
 
 -ovai. 
 
 Ace, 
 
 aK-OVTUy 
 
 'Ovaav, 
 
 '6v, 
 Dual. 
 
 'OVTaQj 
 
 -avaag, 
 
 'OPTa, 
 
 
 
 Mas. 
 
 Fern. 
 
 Neut. 
 
 
 
 N,A 
 
 iK-6vTEy 
 
 -OiKTOf, 
 
 -OPTE, 
 
 
 
 G,D, 
 
 U'OVTOiVy 'Ovaaiv, 
 
 'OVTOIV, 
 
 
 In the same way are declined the contracted forms cppovan' 
 ((ppopiiov)f -ovaa, ovv, gen, cppovovvTog -ovGrig -ovvrog^ 'Hbink- 
 ing :" — *oc>u)v (opdiov) -Gtaa -uv\ gen, CJVTog -warjg -CjvroCf 
 'seeing'." (See Appendix.) 
 
FIRST GKEEK COURSE. 
 
 65 
 
 Singular. 
 Mas. Fern. 
 
 N.V, irgoQTd^-aQy -drra, 
 
 Gen. TTpogrd^-avTOQj -dcjrjgy 
 Dat, TTpogrd^-avTij -day, 
 Ace, 'rrpcgTa^-avra, -daav^ 
 
 TrpogrdXa^i having commanded. 
 
 FluraL 
 Neiit. Mas. Fera. Neat, 
 
 -av. -avrtQy -acrai^ -avra. 
 
 -avroq. -dvTU)Vj -acratv, -dvrtJV, 
 •avTi, 'd(ny -daaigy -d(n, 
 -av, -avraQj -aaag^ -avra. 
 
 Dual. 
 
 Mas. Fera. "- Neut. 
 
 N.A» Troogrd^-avTe^ -d'Ja, 'avrs. 
 
 G.D. TTpOQTa^-dvroiVy -daaiVy 'd.VTOiv. 
 
 In the same way is declined the adjective Trac, Traaa, Tcdvj gen, 
 r^avTQQy Trdorjg, TcavTog^ " all," '' every." (See Appendix.) 
 
 TV(pQtigj having been struck. 
 
 
 Singular. 
 
 
 Flural. 
 
 
 
 Mas. 
 
 Fem. 
 
 Neut. 
 
 Mas. 
 
 Fem. 
 
 Neut. 
 
 jv.r. 
 
 rv(pd-dg^ 
 
 'SLffa, 
 
 '8V. 
 
 'kvTEg, 
 
 -tl(Tat, 
 
 'kvTa. 
 
 Gen. 
 
 TV(pd-kvTogr, 
 
 -eiarjg, 
 
 'SVTog, 
 
 -kvTUiV, 
 
 'eKTijJV, 
 
 -evTiov, 
 
 Lat. 
 
 TV(f>9-tVTlf 
 
 'day, 
 
 'SVTL, 
 
 sTcrtf 
 
 -ehaigj 
 
 -elfft. 
 
 Ace. 
 
 TV^B-evTa, 
 
 'iiaavj 
 
 -kv. 
 Dual. 
 
 'ivragf 
 
 -eiaag, 
 
 'kvTU, 
 
 
 Mas. 
 
 Fem 
 
 
 Neut. 
 
 
 
 j^.A. TV(pe- 
 
 •svrey 
 
 -sicra 
 
 ; 
 
 'tvre. 
 
 
 
 G.D. TV(pe- 
 
 'SVTOlVf 
 
 'EKJatVj 
 
 'ivTOtV. 
 
 
 Rem.— (3) The following classes of adjectives have the same 
 termination for all three genders. 
 
 The adjectives juaicap *' blessed," fiaKpoxeip "single-handed," 
 and all others compounded with a substantive, except com- 
 pounds of TTovg and TroXig. 
 Those derived from TraTrjp and firjTrjp that end in cop, as aTrdriop 
 
 " fatherless,*' dp,i)Tiop '* motherless." 
 Those in rjg-riTog and ujg-ioTog, as ddp,riQ ** untamed," dyvwg 
 ''unknown," except nivric "poor," Gr]g "servile," and Kprjg 
 " Cretan." 
 Those in ^ and \p, as epijSujXa^ " very fertile," ao;(/" blind." 
 Those in ag-adog, ig-iog, tg-idog, as (pvydg " fugitive," ttoXv- 
 
 /Li»yrtc *'very sagacious," feXi/cwTrie "sparkling-eyed." 
 The foregoing classes of adjectives are rarely used with neuter 
 nouns, and are all declined like nouns of the thii'd declension 
 having similar terminations. (See Appendix.) 
 
 F 3 
 
66 
 
 AUN S METHOD, 
 
 86. 
 
 Tvio/xTj, rjg (r)), a thought, a re- 
 flection. 
 
 27rapriar?7g, ov (6), a Spartan. 
 
 Boiwroc, ov (o), a Boeotian. 
 
 AaKedaif^oviog, ov (6), a Lace- 
 demonian. 
 
 *Ay?/(TiXao^, ov (6), Agesilaus. 
 
 Ni;^, ri/fcro^ (?}), night. 
 
 Kdvtg, to^ or 6WC (r)), dust, earth. 
 
 OepciTTiov, {aTTL'Jv) cvTOQ (6), a 
 servant, an attendant. 
 
 "Kiraq, airaaa, uTrav^ all with- 
 out exception. 
 
 "Exwv, oi;(7a, ovy having, possess- 
 ing, obtaining. 
 
 'ld(i)v, ovffa, ovj having beheld. 
 
 JJpdKag, d(Ta, ar, having ac- 
 complished, 
 
 'KeXevaaQj daa, av^ having com- 
 manded. 
 
 ^EwafjirirrdfieveQ, rj, ov, having 
 
 gathered. 
 UapaTa^di^isvog^ r), cv, having 
 
 given battle. 
 Keifievogj r)y0v, laid, scattered 
 
 about. 
 AvTwv, {contr. of favrojv), of 
 
 themselves, their own. 
 'EjLfcOi; (gen. of eyii))j of me. 
 Oi;^, whom. 
 Ai67refji\pe, he, she, or it sent 
 
 away, out, 
 AisXv<Tty he, she, or it had closed. 
 AvvaivrOj they might. 
 'EygVovro, they were, they be- 
 came. 
 'Ai/f^wp'/jtrai/, they returned, 
 rrwpicrai, to have recognised. 
 'A-TTOKpif-ipaiy to have hidden, to 
 
 have covered up. 
 IljOo, before. 
 'Qg^ as if, so that. 
 
 Tevofievog^ ?;, ov, having broke, 
 having arrived. 
 
 ' Ayrj(riXdo'j 'ttots firphg rovg Boioorovg ira^ara^a.u.svov^ 
 &L[jj(f)illo'7:og ^v r\ vixri' vt)^ yap d/sXv(rs rriv ft-o^xn^' o hs (jjSdrig 
 vjKTog Tovg irKSrordro'jg biWifL'^s xsXsvffag ovg d'ovo/ivro 
 yvcfj^/cfat S'TTa^r/ara^ vsx^ovg, \'7:a[jj7](SaiJjivo\}g %6viv airo- 
 Tt^b-^ar Tcai oi fMsv rovro ^pd^avrsg ^^h rj/ns^ag dn^j^' 
 ^Tj^rav. O/ h\ iro'Ks[jjiot^ ^/m^spag ysvofj/svrig^ rovg avrojv 
 viK^ovgj idovTsg a^avrag Tcsi/j^svovg^ rovg ds roov ^Tra^riccrajv 
 oXiyovg, d^vfiot Ttai duXors^oi rcug yv^iuoLig sysvovroy oog 
 AaTtidai/ULOViOJV rriv vizriv lyovroiv, 
 
 EeM. (1) '0 II TOvg TTKTTOTdTOVg SlSTTS^i'Sf " but he SBUt his 
 
 most faithful attendants" Such words as Oepdirojv, " attendant;" 
 fia9rirrigy "disciple;" are generally understood. (See Kem. 1, 
 Ex. 75.) 
 
 (2) KtXsvffag^ " having commanded them*' The pronoun avroTg 
 understood. (Sec Eem. 5, Ex. 70.) 
 
 (3) Ovg SvvaivTO yViopia-at, " ^Aose whom they might recognise." 
 The antecedent of the relative is not always expressed. 
 
 (4) ^TTapridrag vtxpovg aTroKpvi\jaij " to have hidden the dead 
 Spartans,'' i. e. *' to hide the dead Spartans.'^ A past infiuitiye 
 after another verb. (See Rem. 4. Ex. 83.) 
 
FIES'I GilEEK COOitSE. 
 
 67 
 
 (5) Kal ol fiev tovto TTpd^avreg, ** and having accomplished 
 til is, thet/." The article employed as a pronoun. (See Rem. 5, 
 Ex. 83.) 
 
 (6) Ot TTcXIjuiot, "the liostile men," i.e. *' the enemy." The 
 word dvdpEg understood. 
 
 87. 
 
 IIp€(T/3fe, eta, Vj old, ancient. 
 
 'Qkvq, eia, v, active, light, nim- 
 ble. 
 
 UXarvgj €ia, i;,wide, ample, flat. 
 
 Bapvt;, £ia, v, irksome, trouble- 
 some. 
 
 BpaxvQy cTa, u, short, brief. 
 
 Tipaxvg, eta, v, rough, rugged, 
 rocky. 
 
 "EavOvq, iia V, right, direct, 
 straight. 
 
 Opaavgy tia, v, audacious. 
 
 Aiyvg, tia Vj harmonious. 
 
 'Hfiiavg, SLa, v, half. 
 
 Uag, Trdcra, irav, each, all, every. 
 
 TspTjv, TspSLva, rspev, tender. 
 
 TdXrtc, aivuy av, wretched. 
 
 TifiTjiLgf rjeacra^ iitv, esteemed, 
 respected, praiseworthy. 
 
 AlyXTjeig, ritaaa, rjeVf bright, 
 brilliant. 
 
 ^Ofji<pa\6eig, sfffja, ev, embossed. 
 JlTfpoeLg, ecraa, ev, winged* 
 'Ave/jLoeig, encra, ev, windy, 
 
 stormy, [stained. 
 
 Alfxaroecg, eaaa, iv, gory, blood- 
 ^loLKap, apog, happy, blessed. 
 'EptjSwAa^, a/cog, productive. 
 no\i;ai^,lKo^,impetuous, violent. 
 "ApTra^j dyogj rapacious. 
 Olvoxp, oTTog, wine-coloured, 
 
 dark. 
 "Ao;|/, doTTogy blind. 
 'EXiKw^, wTTog, dark-eyed, 
 ^vydg, dSoQ {ddog), fugitive. 
 HoXvdsLpdgyddog (d^o^), peaked, 
 
 ridged. 
 UoXvfirjrLQ, log, very sagacious, 
 
 wily. 
 Evici^rjuig^ iSog-, well-armed. 
 'EXiKuJTTLg, Xdog, sparkling-eyed. 
 'Ad^rjg, ijrogy untamed. 
 
 The direct road to Attica. Troublesome animals. 
 Blind men. The brief season of youth. The nimble 
 dogs of the hunter. The terror of the untamed horses. 
 Every dark-eyed child of Asia. The sweet and harmo- 
 nious voices of the birds. The beautiful and brilliant 
 colours of the flowers. The peaked and stormy regions 
 of India, The wily enterprizes of a skilful general. The 
 graceful and sparkling-eyed women of Egypt. All the 
 terrible and irksome calamities of poverty. Every tender 
 fruit of Thrace. All the productive fields of the pea- 
 sants. Every rugged rock of Boeotia. The violent and 
 rapacious tyrants of Syracuse. The merits of the 
 
68 
 
 AHN S METHOD. 
 
 embossed figures in Attica. The excellence of the winged 
 statues in Assyria. Broad and ample are the estates of 
 Alcibiades. Audacious and daring are the brigands of 
 Sicily. Fugitive are the fancies of age. Are the sol- 
 diers of Agesilaus well armed ? 
 
 88. 
 
 'ETTtj/ota, ag (^), a trick, a ruse. 
 llaTTaXogy ou (d), a hook, a 
 
 Qvf ovcra^ oVy being. 
 
 KanwV, ovffa, ov, coming down, 
 coming out. 
 
 ^v\XafiBdv(i)Vy ovffaf ov, taking 
 with, or together, catching. 
 
 Vvovgy ovaoj 6v, having known. 
 
 *Opu>v, wcraj wv, seeing. 
 
 Awdfievogj rj^ ov, being able. 
 
 'AvaXiaKOfxtvog, rj, ov, diminish- 
 ing.^ 
 
 lLo(pLZ,6jXEVog, rj, ov, deceiving. 
 
 'Avapdg, aaa, aV, having as- 
 cended. 
 
 UapaKV^pag, aaa, av, having 
 looked out slyly. 
 
 *H)ttac (nom. plu. of £ya»), we. 
 
 Xci (enclitic), to thee, to you. 
 
 AvTGv (ace, of avTog), him, it. 
 
 AvToJv {gen. plu. of avTog), of 
 them. 
 
 AvTovg {ace, plu. of avrog) , them. 
 
 *Eav70i/ {ace. of lavroi)), him- 
 self, itself, 
 
 ^YjavTovg {ace. plu. of iavrov)^ 
 themselves. 
 
 *A\\fj\Gifg {ace, of aWt'iXcov), 
 each other, one another, 
 
 iloXXiJJv {gen» plu. of 7roXuc,')> ^ 
 number. 
 
 Tiv7j, thou wert, you were. 
 
 llgogeXtvaonai^ I will go near, 
 I would go near. 
 
 ""IHkb {v\ he, she, or it came. 
 
 KarriaQu (j/), he, she, or it de- 
 voured. 
 
 JlpogfirouiTOy he, she, or it pre- 
 tended, feigned. 
 
 "Eyj^w, he, she, or it resolved. 
 
 'ATryiJprjffSf he, she, or it hung, 
 suspended. 
 
 KariXOwfiev, we must go. 
 
 'A7roX(J/x£0«, we may be exter- 
 minated. 
 
 '2(x)9i](T6iie9a, we shall be safe, 
 or in safety. 
 
 "E^acrav, they said. 
 
 '^^iKvfla9aiy to reach. 
 
 'EKKuXkaaaOaiy to have enticed. 
 
 MrjKBTi, no more, any more. 
 
 Karw, down, out. 
 
 Uavrdirdai {v)j utterly, en- 
 tirely. 
 
 Aevpo, here. 
 
 Arj^ accordingly. 
 
 'Atto, from, upon. 
 
 Aid {^i before a vowel), by. 
 
 "Iva (particle governing subj.jy 
 so that. 
 
 Kdv (for Kai ai/), even though. 
 
 "Q QVTogy ho, you there 
 
 "QcTTfp, like, as. 
 
 "OTTwg, so that. 
 
 l^dvj (for d dv)f if» 
 
 'Ev o/'/tia nvf ^oXAcuv (j/jojv Ivroiv^ a'iXovpog rovro yvoug 
 
nitST GREEK COUESE. 69 
 
 7taT?}(!$isv, Oi 02, xa^' B7cd(^Tyjv savrovg dvaXiffKO/ULSvovg 
 IpojvTsg^ sfaffav 'T^bg dXXrjXovg, " Mr}xsri xdrM ^arsX- 
 Soofjisvj ha fMri iravrdira^iv d'roXujfxs&a^ rov yd^ aiXovpov 
 fj^r, d'jvafjbsvo'j div^o h^ixviT^^ai, riiLiig (S(f)&ri66fL{^a»^ 'O 
 bs aiXo'j^og^ fji^rjxsrt tojv /i/j'jmv xariovroov^ syvo) d/ s'Trtvo/ag 
 ahroijg 6o(pi'Cp[Mivog lKxaXs(fa(rSat, Kai dri d^rro itarrdXoM 
 rmg savrov dvajSdg d^7jU)^ri(^s, %ai 'Tr^ogziroizko vsx^hg 
 iJvai, Tu)v bs /JI.VOJV rig 'jra^a'/Jo-^oLg^ %ai Jdoijv avrov^ ?p?j* 
 "~n ovTog, xav OvXa^ 7^V55, ou ^^ogsXsvc:o/j^at cfoi." 
 
 Hem. — (1) UoWtSJv fivCJVj "a number of mice." When a 
 participle in the first clause of a sentence expresses the cause of the 
 act involved in the second, the Genitive Absolute is usually employed, 
 as in the text, but not always. (See Rem. 5, Ex. 73.) 
 
 (2) Ot te Ka9 eKCLffTrjv eavrovg ava\i(7icofxevovg opwvT^Qf ^* but 
 they seeing themselves diminishing dayhydayT The noun rjiiepav 
 understood. (See Rem. 3, Ex. 80.) 
 
 (3) "Eyvu) di &7nvoiaQ avrovg sKKaXsaacrOaif "he resolved to 
 entice them by a trick." The preposition did used in the sense of 
 *' by " governs a genitive case. 
 
 (4) 'Eirivoiay " a thought, the result of serious deliberation," -^ a 
 stratagem.*' 
 
 (5) llapaicvxpas, "looking by leaning the head sideways." 
 
 89. 
 
 "Kofii^ioVf ovaa, ov, carrying, 
 oringing. 
 
 *AvTsx(j^v. ovaa, ov^ resisting. 
 
 AAaXa^wv, ovaa^ or, uttering 
 joyful shouts, 
 
 4>pova7i/, oD(7a, ovv, thinking, 
 thinking one's self. 
 
 Jltwv, ovaa^ oUy having drank. 
 
 BaXcjv. ovffa^ 6v, having ga- 
 thered, collected. 
 
 EvpiJvy ov<Taf 6v, having found. 
 
 EtTTWJ', oi)(7a, 6Vf having said. 
 
 'EXOwvj ovauy 6v^ having en- 
 tered. 
 
 Afi^ag, affa, av^ having shown, 
 having pointed out. 
 
 XpEiisTicjaQ, d(Ja, av^ neighed. 
 
 Elqax^tiQi aiaay ivy led in. 
 
 ^avtig^ tiaa, sv, glittered. 
 
 Vpa^Htg, 6i(Ta, «', painted. 
 
 Men bravely resisting evil. Women carrying fruit 
 to Attica. Soldiers uttering shouts of joy. Tyrants 
 thinking themselves great on account of their clemency. 
 The servants having gathered the water bring it to the 
 army. A number of mice having entered an actor's house, 
 a cat went there. The Boeotians having said, We shall be 
 
70 
 
 AHN S METHOD. 
 
 safe, Agesilaus resolved to entice them by a stratagem. The 
 water having gUttered, the leader of the Macedonians 
 overturned the helmet. The peasants having drank the 
 wine, became troublesome to Mericus. The generals 
 having found weapons, returned to the council. The 
 wild beasts having been led in, Perdiccas seized a panther. 
 The Lacedemonians having pointed out the dead bodies, 
 the enemies became discouraged. The horses having 
 neighed, Alexander praised the pictures painted by 
 Apelles. 
 
 90. 
 
 ADJECTIVES. 
 
 -.lEHEGULAR DECLENSIONS. 
 
 
 ahrog^ 
 
 avrr}, aurS, the 
 Singular. 
 
 same. 
 
 
 Masc. 
 
 Fern. 
 
 
 Neiit. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 a'urog^ 
 
 avrrj, 
 
 
 auro. 
 
 Gen. 
 
 avToVj 
 
 ahrrig^ 
 
 
 avTov. 
 
 Dat. 
 
 ccurcU, 
 
 avrf}^ 
 
 
 avTuj. 
 
 Ace* 
 
 avrov^ 
 
 aVTTjV, 
 
 Tlural 
 
 
 ahro. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 avToij 
 
 aura/, 
 
 
 ahrd. 
 
 Gen. 
 
 axjTojv^ 
 
 aur&Jv, 
 
 
 avrojv. 
 
 Dat. 
 
 avroTg^ 
 
 avraTg, 
 
 
 avToTg. 
 
 Ace. 
 
 avTovgj 
 
 abrdg^ 
 Dual. 
 
 
 (Kvrd, 
 
 N.A. 
 
 avroj, 
 
 aura, 
 
 
 aurou. 
 
 G.I). 
 
 auroTvj 
 
 avraTv. 
 
 
 avToTv. 
 
 Hem. — (1) A i; roc is an adjective of the first declension, but has 
 the neuter in o. "When the noun is not expressed avToq is a pro- 
 noun, the nominatives equivalent to he, she, it, they ; the accusa- 
 tives to him, her^ it^ them. (See Rem. 2, Ex. 86.) The genitive 
 cases of avroq are likewise equivalent to the possessive pronouns Ms, 
 her, its, their. (See Ex. Q6.) 
 
 (2) Like aijTOQ are declined kKiivog, Udvri^ Ikhpo, <' that ;" 
 and dWog, dXXi], dXXo, *' other," " another." 
 
FIRST GREEK COURSE. 
 
 71 
 
 
 ouroc^ 
 
 avrrij rovro, this. 
 
 
 
 Singular. 
 
 
 Masc. 
 Nom. ouTogj 
 
 Fem. 
 
 Neut. 
 rovro. 
 
 Gen. 
 
 TOVTOVy 
 
 ravrrigj 
 
 Tovrov, 
 
 Dat. 
 
 Ace. 
 
 TO'JTOV^ 
 
 Flural. 
 
 Tovruj. 
 Tovro. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 OVTOlj 
 
 auT-a/, 
 
 ravra. 
 
 Gen. 
 
 rovroov, 
 
 rovrojv. 
 
 rovrojv. 
 
 Dat. 
 
 Tovroig^ 
 
 ravraig. 
 
 Tovro/g. 
 
 Ace. 
 
 rovrovg, 
 
 ravrag, 
 Dual 
 
 ravra. 
 
 N.A. 
 
 rovTOjj 
 
 ravrdj 
 
 rovroj. 
 
 G.D. 
 
 TovroTv, 
 
 TocvraiVj 
 
 rovToiv. 
 
 Eem. — (3) OvTog is likewise an adjective of tlie first declension, 
 but has r prefixed to some of its cases. 
 
 (4) Some adjectives compounded of ovtoq^ follow its declension ; 
 but reject the r in all the cases, as togovtoq^ TotTavrrjj roaovro, 
 *'so great;" Toiovrog, TOiavrtjy toiovto, "such." 
 
 
 'H'oXvg, ^oXXri 
 
 5 iToXb^ muchy 
 Singular. 
 
 many. 
 
 Nom. 
 Gen. 
 Dat. 
 Ace. 
 
 mXhg^ . 
 itoXy^oZy 
 iroXXt^y 
 
 'TToXliVj 
 
 'ttoXXtj, 
 
 'TToXXrig, 
 vroXXf}^ 
 ^oXXtjv^ 
 
 TMral. 
 
 'TTOXV. 
 
 'TTOXXOV. 
 
 <7roXX(Z, 
 ^oXv. 
 
 Nom. 
 Gen. 
 Dat. 
 Ace. 
 
 ItOXXOly 
 
 'TTOXXUV, 
 
 ^oXXo7gj 
 'TCoXXoijg^ 
 
 'TtoXXaij 
 ^o>Xmy 
 *7roXXcug^ 
 'TToXXdgy 
 
 *7toXXd. 
 
 ToXXoJv. 
 ^oXXoTg 
 mXXci, 
 
72 
 
 AHN S METHOD. 
 
 
 
 Dual 
 
 
 Masc. 
 
 Fem. 
 
 Neut. 
 
 N. A. iToXku)^ 
 
 ToXXa, 
 
 mWoJ. 
 
 6r, Z). 'TToXXoTv, 
 
 'TToXXa/i', 
 
 'TToKKoTv. 
 
 fj^syag, fjbsydXyjj yJkya,^ great, 
 
 large. 
 
 
 Singtdar. 
 
 
 Nom, fJ^syag^ 
 
 ILiyaXn^ 
 
 yAya. 
 
 Gen, [jjsyakou^ 
 
 [jjsyakrih 
 
 lHyOLkOM, 
 
 Dat, [jjsyaXu), 
 
 [MsydXri, 
 
 [jjsyak(x). 
 
 Ace. ILeyoLv^ 
 
 [liydy^riVy 
 Flural, 
 
 Ihkya, 
 
 Norn, (jj^y-akotj 
 
 -aXa/ 
 
 "Oka, 
 
 Gen, (j^sy-dXoiv^ 
 
 -aXwv, 
 
 -aXwv. 
 
 Dat, ihiy-aXfjic^^ 
 
 -aXa/g, 
 
 -aXo/^. 
 
 Ace, fisy-dXoug^ 
 
 Dual 
 
 -aXa. 
 
 N.A, iiiiy-akoi^ 
 
 -aXa, 
 
 'dXco, 
 
 G,D, (Miy-dXoiv^ 
 
 -dXaiVy 
 
 -aAoiv, 
 
 91. 
 
 Aifivij, rjg (?;), a lake, a pond. 
 ^irdpray rjg {rj)^ Sparta. 
 'Aff^a'Xfta, Of (>7), security. 
 Bpaffidag, ov (6), Brasidas. 
 noXtri;^ (iTrjg)y ov (6), a citizen. 
 Jlspffrjg, ov (6), a Persian. 
 Mrjdog, ov (6), a Mede. 
 Bdrpaxog, ov (6), a frog. 
 Kaipog, ov (6), a circumstance. 
 Btof, oi; (6), life. 
 II/o6o\//if:, siog (f/), provision, care. 
 'Ai^ayKatoc, ta, tov, necessary. 
 TlapijjVj ovaa, 6v^ present. 
 
 Akyovm {v)y they say. 
 
 UpaTTovcn (*/), they do. 
 
 'E7r€/3ovXeuo'€ (r), he or she con- 
 spired. 
 
 KarkXvffaVi they destroyed, van- 
 quished. 
 
 ""Hera J/, were,they were,there were. 
 
 Tc; v^rhy.f^ 
 
 Ilfcpi, of, ahout. 
 
 As, certainly. 
 
 "Ewg, whilst, so long as. 
 
 'Aft, always, ever. 
 
 Mtra, together with. 
 
 'H avrri /zrjry)^, 'O avrog ^acfiXsvg, To avrh 'ipyov, 
 Ahr^ 7] /J^yjryip, 0/ 0y}[3aTo/ avroijg JlB^6ag xarsXvcfav. 
 'H opyri TOiV avrojv Xiovrojv dsiv?} hrn, Ovroi o't Tta^o) 
 yK\jXi(Sroi s/V/. TaZra rd Z^ujol xivduviLdrj Biciv. OSrot o/ 
 
FiKST aKEf:K coursf:. 73 
 
 fdjTS^oi. 0/ dXXoi dixacfTGCi dixaioi. A/ dXkai yvvaTTisg 
 ^TM^aL "AXXoc fLsv Xeyov^iv^ dXXa ds 'Tr^drrovc^iv, 'A^/- 
 ^oc^og 6 'TpTtavog hsl3ovXsv(fs Aa^eicfj^ jLLsra ytai dXXm 
 dvdpojv 0V7C d(pavcov. 'Ev d^a^i xai^oTg rov j3iov 7] <pp6vYi(Sig^ 
 dpiTT) \6Tiy dvaynaiOTdrri* B^oLdtbag rjv (Mv dvY\^ dyafog, 
 'H'oXXoI ds ^oXTtooi Ixelvov z^sirrovsg h rp ^Ttdprri rj(rav. 
 JloXXd fjjiv sffTi Tov dv/t/jov dsivd^ iroXXd b\ xai ysXoTix, 'H 
 TMV (ppovi/j^Mv (Sofia TTjg Toov d(p^6vcfjv ^poo-^s^g s^ti /JjU^mv, 
 sxsmi jdq^ [i>h dsi 6o(pot ovroi ds, sojg h d<S(paXsia g/V/v. 
 'O ^ AyriGiXaog 'tts^i toZ [jjsydXov j3a6iXscA)g sXsys' r'l yap 
 s/jLo\j fjLsit^c^v sxsTvog 6 /3a(r/?.gi)c, =/ fi7i dixaiorsoog ; *0 tojv 
 XTjc^rajv 7]ys/x(^v 'jroXXd rs %ai %a%d sXsysv, 
 
 Eem.~(1) Avtyi rj fJLTfTrjp, "the mother herself." Airo^ placed 
 before the article is a pronoun usually equivalent to " himself,'' 
 *' herself," *' itself," "themselves." 
 
 (2) AvTovQ nepcrag, "those same Persians." Aotoq has likewise 
 the signification of " that same," and is sometimes used without the 
 article. (See Eera. 6, Ex. 73.) 
 
 (3) "AWa ixkv Xsyovaiv, dXXa Se TrpciTrovaiv, *' other things 
 doing, other things saying/' i.e. "they say one thing, and they do 
 mother." (See Eem. 1, Ex. 78.) 
 
 (4) ^Aplfia^ogsTrepovkevae Aapei(i), " Aribazus conspired against 
 Darius." The.verb STrijSovXfuj used in the sense of "to conspire 
 against j" takes a dative case. 
 
 5) MsTo. dXXwv dvdpiJi^y " together with other men." The 
 preposition fxerd when used to express ifo^^^A^r z^i/A takes a genitive 
 case. (See Hem. 5, Ex. 75.) 
 
 (6) 'EKflvov, " than that (person)," t. e. ** than he." The ad- 
 jective Uetvog often has its noun understood. (See Eera. 3, Ex, 62.) 
 
 (7) UoXXd l(7TL TOV Oufxov SsLvdf "anger produces many terribh' 
 things." Ilpdyfiara understood, and the verb consequently in the 
 singular. (See Eem. 2, Ex. 78.) 
 
 (8) 'H T(ijv <ppovijjLo)v (TC(pLa, '* the sense of the prudent." Most 
 adjectives may be employed with the article ub substantives. (See 
 Eem. 6, Ex» 86.) 
 
 (9) '0 ' AyrjalXaog Trepl rov ^eydXov ^aaiXkwQ eXtySj " AgesilauB 
 said of the great king/' i. e. "the king of Persia." Ilspi when 
 used to express "of," "about/' or ''relative to," takes a genitive ca&e. 
 
 (10) lloXXd Ts KttKa, "many evil things." XIoXAj;^ is usually 
 joined in this way by a copula to another adjective. 
 
 O 
 
74 
 
 AHN S METHOD. 
 
 92. 
 
 That land is moist. This region is dry. That wine 
 is red. These things are luminous. Those apples are 
 bitter. The cunning of that fox. The father of this boy 
 is a general. The parents of these ragged children are 
 poor. The same frog came out of the same pond. The 
 same estates are represented in another map. The other 
 portrait was painted by the same painter. Both the boys 
 are the sons of the same father. Are these the same horses ? 
 Much hard labour. Many broad and deep rivers. The 
 eloquence of many orators is imprudent and dangerous. 
 Many wars aie shameful, but many are necessary and 
 commendable. The statue of Alexander was the work 
 of a great man. Semiramis the Assyrian was a brave 
 and great queen. Prudence in a general is a great merit. 
 India is the region of great rivers. The lioness is a 
 large and ferocious brute. Elephants are large and 
 pow^erful animals. 
 
 93. 
 
 ADJECTIVES— THE NUMERALS. 
 
 Cardimal. 
 
 M arks used 
 as figures. 
 
 1, Elg a 
 
 2, Auw /3' 
 
 3, T^iTg / 
 
 4, Ts66apig. ..... b' 
 
 5, Ilsvrs i 
 
 6, yi g 
 
 7, 'E'Tra ^' 
 
 8, 'Otctu) y}' 
 
 9, 'Evvsa &' 
 
 10, Asxa . . / 
 
 11, "Ei/^sxa or bixa 
 
 sv /a' 
 
 12, Auibsza or bsTca 
 
 bvoj //3' 
 
 1st. 
 
 2d. 
 
 3d. 
 
 4th. 
 
 5th. 
 
 6th. 
 
 7th. 
 
 8th. 
 
 9th. 
 10th. 
 11th. 
 12th. 
 20th. 
 30th. 
 
 Ordinal. 
 
 . UpojTog, 
 Asvrs^og^ 
 T^trog^ 
 Tsra^rog^ 
 Tls/jj7rrog, 
 "Ezrog, 
 "F>j3dofiog, 
 "Oydoog, 
 "Evvoirog, 
 Asxaro;, 
 *Bvdsxdrog, 
 Ac>jdsKdrogj 
 E/xooTog, 
 T^iocTCotsrog^ 
 
 a, ov, 
 
 Yi, ov. 
 
 Yj, OV. 
 
 7}, OV,- 
 
 ^, OV. 
 
 t}, OV. 
 
 71, OV. 
 
 ?J, OV. 
 
 ?J, OV. 
 
FIKST GREEK COTTRSE. 
 
 75 
 
 Cardinal. ^^^^^^« ^^^^^ 
 
 as figures. 
 
 20, Er/,0C>l x' 
 
 30, T^id'/tovra ... X' 
 
 40, TsctTcc^axovra . . [jJ 
 
 60, 'E^^%ovra .... §' 
 
 80, 'Oy^o^i^covra . . ^ir' 
 
 90, 'Evi^2v;^%ovto6 . . y 
 
 100, 'E;caTOV ^' 
 
 200, /\i(i%66ioi^ a/, a c' 
 
 900, Evv2a%o(r/o/, a/, a t/ 
 
 1000, XiXioi^ a/, a . . a 
 
 Ordinal. 
 40tll. Ti(i6a^OL%06' 
 
 rog^ 7}, ov. 
 
 60th. 'E^Tjjcofrrog, ?j, ov. 
 
 80th. ^ Ojbo7ioiC6r6g,ri^ov, 
 
 90th. 'Evv§v)j%o(rrog, ?j, ov. 
 
 100th. * E%aT0(}r6g^ rj, ov. 
 
 200th. Aiaxo(rio<f' 
 
 Tog, r), ov. 
 
 900th. 'Evvsa^oc/ofr- 
 
 rog, 71, ov. 
 
 1000th. XiXio(^r6g, 75, 
 
 10,000, Mi^/o/, a/, a . . / I 10,000th. Mv^iocrogy >j, ov. 
 Rem. — (1) The first four cardinal numbers are declined tlius : — 
 61^, ^^one," dvo), ^^two." 
 
 Masc. 
 
 Fein. 
 
 Neut. 
 
 Masc, Fern., and Neut. 
 
 N'om. elg. 
 
 Ilia., 
 
 %v. 
 
 Svuj or dvo. 
 
 Gen, fvoQj 
 
 fxiag, 
 
 evog 
 
 dvolv. 
 
 Dat. kvi, 
 
 fii(^, 
 
 hvi. 
 
 dvolv. 
 
 Ace. sva, 
 
 fiiav, 
 
 EV. 
 
 dvoj or Svo^ 
 
 rpelg, 
 
 '' three." 
 
 
 Tsacrapeg, ^^four.'* 
 
 Masc. and Fern. 
 
 Neut. 
 
 Masc. and Fern. Neut. 
 
 Nom. rpalg, 
 
 rpia. 
 
 
 rsdcrapeg, TSiicFapa. 
 
 Gen. TpiCjv, 
 
 rpiwr. 
 
 
 Te(T(Tdp(iJV, Tsaadpojv 
 
 Dat. Tpiai, 
 
 rpiai. 
 
 
 rscrdapcn, TSGcrapai, 
 
 Ace. rpfig, 
 
 rpia. 
 
 
 rs(7(Tapagf Taaarapa. 
 
 The genitive of Svio is sometimes written dvelv and Sv^tv, the 
 dative dvai^ and some writers use the word as indeclinable. Te'c- 
 (7a peg is likewise written with double r instead of double a. 
 
 (2) The simple numbers from 5 to 10, and the decimals to 100, 
 are indeclinable. The round numbers from 200 and all the ordinals 
 are regularly declined like adjectives of the first declension. 
 
 (3) The odd numbers may be written apart or together, or with 
 the conjunction /cai, as Skxa TrkvTt, htKaTrkvTe, or ttevts /cat dkica, 
 ^' 15 ;" eLKoai Trtvre {ks), or TrkvTe kuI HKoai, "25." 
 
 (4) The odd numbers of the ordinals are expressed in the samt> 
 way, as TrkfiTrrog Kal SsKarog^ " 15th ;" but the smaller may be 
 a cardinal, as rkaaapeg teat SiKarog, or recraapegKaidEKarog, 
 "14th ;" elg Kal eiKoarog, fiia Kal eiKoarrj^ or eiK:o(7r6g Trpwro^, 
 '< 21st." 
 
76 
 
 AHN S METHOD. 
 
 (5) From the numeral adverbs dig, rpt'ts TifrcrapciKiQ or rsrpaKic^ 
 TTiVTCLKLq, " twicc," '* tlirice," &c. ; are formed the compounds 
 ^iQXi\ioi, " twice a thousand " or " two thousand ;" rpiQ^iXioiy 
 " three thousand," and so on. 
 
 94. 
 
 Kfpaia, aq (t)), a tittle, an atom. 
 
 'Ydpia, ag (t/), a water jar, a 
 vase. 
 
 Mareiag, ov (6), Matthias. 
 
 'Adpiag, ov (6), the Adriatic sea. 
 
 '^Urprjrrjg, ov (6), a liquid mea- 
 sure containing about nine 
 gallons, a firkin. 
 
 Ma9r]TrjQ, ov (o), a disciple. 
 
 '^ofjiog, ov (b), a law. 
 
 "0;)^Xoc, oy (6), people, multitudCj 
 crowd, number. " 
 
 "AyysXog, ov (6), a messenger, 
 an angel. 
 
 KXrjpog, ov (6), a lot, chance. 
 
 'A7ro(rro\ot:, of (6), an apostle. 
 
 'lou^aioj^, ov (6), a Jew. 
 
 Ka0a,oKr/i6c, ou (6), a cleansing, 
 purification, atonement. 
 
 Ovpavoc, ov (6), the sky, heaven. 
 
 ^Irjacvg. ov (6), Jesus. 
 
 "Erog, eog (ro), a year. 
 
 IloXt^:, eujg (r}), a city. 
 
 Ta^^ot', €a>^ (ro), a wall. 
 
 UrJxvQy ^jfQ (o), a cubit. 
 
 "Oi/o/xa, aro^ (''o), a name. 
 
 IlvevjjLaj arog {T6)y breath, the 
 wind, a spirit. 
 
 'lojra (indeclinable), ro, an iota, 
 a jot. 
 
 AiOlvog, rjf ov, stone, made of 
 stone. 
 
 TaTpdyiovog, ov (o, r})y four- 
 square, quadrangular. 
 
 TiavTsXrjg, eoQ (6, r/), fall. 
 
 '£(T0iwi/, oua-a, oj/, eating. 
 
 XvyKVTTTujv^ ovaa, ov, bowing 
 together, bonding double. 
 
 Xwpwi/, ovsuy ovv, holding, con- 
 taining. 
 
 ^vvdpLivog, rji ov, being able, 
 could. 
 
 'ATTOKptQtigy eXffa, svy replied, 
 
 ^Yfiiv {dat. plu. of £yt*>), to you, 
 unto you. 
 
 'Yp,e'ig {2nd person plu. of eyw), 
 you. 
 
 'HjLtwj/ {ffen, pliL of gyoi), of us. 
 
 ll6(7og^ r)f oVy How much .^ How 
 many ? How great ^ 
 
 Agyu), I say. 
 
 "Ex^Tij you have. 
 
 Ktlrai, he, she, or it liei?. 
 
 "E7r£(7£, he, she, or it fell. 
 
 'E/ugrp^crf, he, she, or it mea- 
 sured. 
 
 ^vyicareiptjipiffOe, he, she, or it 
 was numbered. 
 
 JlapsXQy, he, she, or it should 
 pass away. 
 
 EtTToi/, tbey said. 
 
 Eujaox^, they found. 
 
 'EicuOapio'Or](TaVj they were 
 cleansed. 
 
 'Ek:7:£(tw(t<, they should full. 
 
 revrjrat, it should be fulfilled. 
 
 'Avascvxpaif . to have lifted up, 
 to stand upright. 
 
 'Ejcft, there. 
 
 Uov ; where .^ 
 
 Oy;^t ; were there not } is there 
 not ? 
 
 "Ewg dv, till, until. 
 
 'Ava, in, in each, apiece, each 
 severally. 
 
 Et'c, to, towards, through. 
 
FlllST GKEEK COUiiSE. 77 
 
 Karciy after the manner of. 1 'Afiijv, amen ! verily ! 
 
 Tk (enclitic), then, and. \ Aia tovtoj therefore, for as 
 
 IVbyTTw^, lest. much as. 
 
 'Idov, behold ! I Mera, with. 
 
 ytovra M?]bovg -/.arsXvtSocv. ^Hv oy(Xog rojv ovof/jdrMv 
 biarov s'ixo^tv, O/ gC^/ovrsg ri^av ^ivranig'^iXioi avdpsg, 
 'H 'TToXig TBT^dyojvog KsTrat, %at 6 ayyikog lyAr^Yi^z ro 
 nr^og axjTYig^ Ixarhv rs(r(^a^dxovra TS(r(^dpo>JV 'Kri'yjhv, 'O 
 TiXyj^og s^i Mar^iav sVscsv, xal 6vy%ari'^Yi(pi6Qr\ [jjSTd rcov 
 svdsKa d'KOiSTokoiv, ^AfLTiv ydo Xsy^ v^jlTv^ g'wg av 'irapsXdT} 
 6 oii^avog xai 7] yri^ Joora h r] [Jjiol Tts^aia ov [j^y\ 'jra^sXdr} 
 d^o Tov VGfjbov, sojg av 'Trdvra ysvTjrai. 'I^ou, yvvyj rjv ^vsvfia 
 i^ovi^a d(rhvsiag srrj dsxa %ai otctuj' %a} tjv (Svy%\J^ro\)(SoL^ 
 %at ix,r\ dwa/ut^BVYj dvax'j-^oLi sJg rh 'jravrsXsg, ^HtTav l%g 
 vd^Iai XiQivai s^, xsi/ubivai Ttard rov xa^a^i^fjbov rojv ^lovdccicfjv^ 
 -^oij^oviSai dvd fxsr^yjrdg dvo i] r^sTg, ' A^ox^ihig ds 6 'ItjCouc, 
 g/Vsr Ov-^i oi hsxa sxa9(z^i6^yi<rav ; o/ ds sv/sa 'ttou ; Asysi 
 roTg /jja^yjraTg o 'irjcfovg* Il6(rovg d^rovg 'iy^n ; o) h\ UTroVy 
 iifrd. 
 
 Eem. — (1) 'Iwra \v r\ [lia Kapaia ov ^rj TrapsXOg, '^ one jot 
 or one tittle shall in no wise pass away." The particles ou and fiif 
 used together, strengthen the negation. (See Rem. 6, Ex. 73.) 
 
 (2) Mrj dvvafisvr} avaicv-ipai eig to TravreXfQt ** not being able 
 to have lifted (herself) up to the full (height)," " e. ^. " she could 
 in no wise stand upright." The preposition elg governs an accusa- 
 tive case, and usually implies motion of some kind, (See Ex. 65.) 
 
 (3) Ol de kvvka wovy " but where are the nine ?" The verb dai 
 understood. (See Eem. 3, Ex 78.) 
 
 (4) Ot ^€ sIttov, " and the^t/ said." The article used as a pro- 
 noun. (See Rem. 5, Ex. 86.) 
 
 95. 
 
 One year, one month, one day. The power of one 
 man. The nineteen disgraceful wars of Aribazus the 
 Hyrcanian. Thirty-two beautiful colours. One of the 
 two mothers. The ten thousand Greeks. The sweet 
 voices of a hundred birds. Eighteen very clever bovs. 
 
 G 3 ' 
 
78 
 
 AHiS^ S METHOD. 
 
 Five hundred brave soldiers. Two of the three sisters. 
 Twenty-two graceful hyacinths. There are three terrible 
 lions in this cave. These twenty-nine roses are all very 
 pretty. The fifteen generals painted by Apelles. Twenty- 
 three just and sagacious legislators. These four men 
 are foreigners, for they are black. These thirty-five 
 apples are bitter, even if they are ripe. The six stone 
 jars of the Jews. The twenty-seven peasants and the 
 thirteen children of the same. The city and its twenty- 
 eight admirable statues. There are a thousand frogs in 
 this pond. The thirty vile tyrants of Attica. The seven 
 ferocious brigands of Sicily. The twelve apostles. 
 Twenty-six valuable and useful horses. If a Boeotian at 
 any time killed twenty foxes, or any other animals of that 
 sort; he did not think it a great deed. 
 
 96. 
 
 Kwjui;, rjg (rj), a village. 
 ^O^ta, ag (»/), evening, 
 QpUj ag (??), an hour. 
 Xpeia^ ag (rj), necessity, need. 
 Xlpvfjiva^ ag (y)), the stern of a 
 
 ship. 
 "AyicDpa, ag (r/), an anchor. 
 'Ojoyiria, ag (/)), a fathom. 
 'NavTtjg^ ov (6), a sailor. 
 XopTog, ov (6). grass, a meadow. 
 Ko0ii/o^. ov (6), a basket. 
 'IX^ifC, vog (6), a fish. 
 KXaV/xa, drog {t6)^ a fragment. 
 Bpujfiay drog {t6)^ food, victuals. 
 "Eprjfiog, cv (6, >}), wild, desert. 
 HXrjprjg^ eog (6, r])y full. 
 Afcywi/, ovaa, oVy saying. 
 *A.Trf\Qujv, Ovaa, oVj having 
 
 gone. 
 IlEpia<Tevo)Vy ovaa, ov, leaving 
 
 over, remaining. 
 AafSdwj ovaay ov, having taken. 
 ^opovfievogy >;, ov, fearing. 
 KKdaag, daa^ ai/, having broken. 
 
 Aia(f>ep6nivog^ rj, ov^ being 
 
 driven up and down. 
 'AvafBXs-ipag^ daa, av^ having 
 
 looked up. 
 'Pt\//ac, d(Ta, av, having cast. 
 Aiaarrjcrag^ daa^ av, having 
 
 passed, moved. 
 BoXiaag {larag), dfTa, av, having 
 
 sounded. 
 "E^w/ce, he or she gave. 
 Ei>Xoy»;{rf, he or she blessed. 
 Ilapr]\dt, it is passed, it has be- 
 come late. 
 'Ey£i/£ro, it arrived, it was 
 
 come. 
 "E;)^o)M£j^, we have. 
 "E'^ovGi {y), they have. 
 AvxovTO, they pray for, tliey 
 
 wish for. 
 'Yirevoovv, they thought, they 
 
 deemed. 
 "l^(pdyov, they ate. 
 'E^opraVO^jcrai^, they were filled, 
 ''Hpav, they collected. 
 
FIRST GREEK COrRSE. 79 
 
 Tlpogrj\9ov, they came. 
 ' Ay pd(T(o (7 L (i/), they may buy. 
 *A7r6\v(T0Vf send, send away. 
 ^orSj give. 
 ^epsre, bring. 
 
 TeveaOai, to come, to break. 
 JJpogdysiv, to draw near, to ap- 
 proach. 
 ^u\eiv^ to eat. 
 
 *k7re\9fXv, to depart, to go away. 
 *AvaK\iOrivaL, to be seated. 
 
 Mo» {dat. of eyu)), to me. 
 'EaVTolg (dat, phi. of kavTOv)j 
 
 for themselves. 
 Xw|Ot^, besides. 
 '^(ju^ about. 
 '0^5 when. 
 
 Bpaxvy beyond, a little further. 
 UdXiVf again. 
 "RSrj, already, now. 
 ''Qdsj here, hither. 
 'EjSdoixriKovTdKiQy seventy times. 
 
 sv rOj 'A^p/a, zara /!j!,s(fov rr^g wnrog virsvoovv oi vcfZrat 
 it^ogayiiv rim avroTg yjji^av^ xai /SoX/Vavrs^, sv^ov h^yviag 
 iixo(fr ^pfX'X^ ^^ dia(fTri(favTsg, zai ^dXiv /SoX/Vavrs^, 
 i^pov opyviag de7ca<7rsvTS. f^ojSovfjLsvoi rs /j^yj'Troijg sig rpayug 
 TO'TTovg sx^e(fCf}(riv, sx ^pv/juv/jg '^i-^l/avrsg ayxij^ag ridda^ag^ 
 yyo-^^ovTO rj/isoav yivsd&ai. 
 
 ^O-^iag ds ysvo/m^svyjg, 'Trpog^Xdov rQj 'l^jrToD o/ [j^a^r^roLi 
 avrov, Xsyovreg' "^^rjfLog scfriv 6 ro^og, %a} 7} U)pa 7]bri 
 m'a^YiXkr amXv6ov rovg oyXovg, ha aTrsXdovTsg sJg rag 
 Tcdo/m^agj a'yo^dffc^(nv savroTg jSpoofJbara, 'O dl 'irjcrovg slTrsv 
 avToTg' Ov %^£/av syovct/v d'jrsXkTr dors avroTg Vfjbs?g 
 cpaysTv, 0/ bs Xsyovcriv avrQj' Ov'/C i^of/^sv ^ds g/ fjbrj 
 'TTsvrs a^rovg Kai dvoj ly^&vag, '0 hi sJ'tts' ^spsrs 
 /jboi avrovg (Lbs, Ka/ '/.sXibcag rovg oyXoug dva%ki&r\vaLi 
 It/ rovg yo^Tovg^ %ai "ka^djv rovg 'Ttsvrs avrovg xal rov^ 
 bvc*) /p^^uag, dvcc/SXg-^/ccg slg rov ovpavov^ svXoyricii^ %al 
 xXacag, ibooxs roTg fjba^yjraTg rovg dprovg, o'l b\ fjja^rirai 
 roTg 'dyXoig^ %at s(pocyov ^di/reg^ xai lyoprd^^riclccv^ %ai 
 " fi^oLV ro 'TTs^ictCjsvov rujv %Xa(Sfjbdrojv bu}bs7ia x,o(pivovg ^TrX^^stg^ 
 0/ bs sddiovrsg y}(^av dvbpsg wtrg/ 'KivranigyjXiot^ YJ^ph yif- 
 vaixuv Tcal ^CLibi(f)v, 
 
 Rem. — (1) Kara iikaov vvktoq, '* in the middle of the night,'* 
 *' at or about midnight." (See Eem. 1, Ex. 60.) 
 
 (2) ALadepofxevtov rj/jiutv kv rif ^ASpiq,, '' as we were being tossed 
 about in the Adriatic." The genitive absolute is often equiva- 
 lent to a dependant sentence introduced by the particle, when^ as^ 
 or after, (See Rem.l, Ex. 88.) 
 
80 ahn's method. 
 
 (3) 'Ynevoovv oi vavrai Trpogayeiv rii>a avToiQ ^(wpa7', '* the 
 sailors deemed that tbey were drawing near some land." 
 
 (4) EuXoynaff *'he blessed them.^' (See Eem. 2, Ex. 86.) 
 
 (5) To 7repL(j(Tevop, " the leaving over," *' what remained/' 
 Participle with the article used for relative and verb. (See Eem. 2, 
 Ex. 65.) 
 
 97. 
 
 The first danger of the enterprise. There were nine 
 statues of Alexander in Ephesus. The second hour of 
 the day. The third hour of the night. The fourth 
 day of the battle. The explorers found eight black 
 horses. We have twenty- two very beautiful stone jars. 
 Bring me the eleven good books. The fifth victory of 
 Epaminondas. Send away these twenty-five silly women. 
 Are there sixteen dead Spartans ? The seventh of the 
 great painters of Attica. The eighth general of the 
 Boeotians. The ninth war of the Macedonians. These 
 seventeen weapons are all bad. Semiramis killed one 
 hundred and fourteen ferocious panthers. A cat having 
 gone to an actor's house, captured in the middle of the 
 night a number of mice. Here are twenty eloquent and 
 pious men. There were twenty-three just and sagacious 
 judges in Syracuse. There are seven broad but not deep 
 rivers in Asia. Are there twenty-five honest men in 
 Thrace ? 
 
 98. 
 
 THE PRONOUNS. 
 
 'Eyi, /. 
 
 Singular. 
 First Person. Second Person. Third Person.- 
 
 Nom. lyu), I. tfu, thou. not used. 
 
 Gen, s(jbov, fMov, of me. (ToD, of thee. oJ, of one^s self. 
 
 Dat, l/ico/, pi^oij to me. (To/, to thee. ol, to one's self. 
 
 Ace. i/Ms, /j/s, me. (fg, thee, s, trpg, one's self. 
 
FIRST GKEEK COriiSF. 
 
 81 
 
 Dual 
 First Person. Second Person. Third Person. 
 
 K.A, vu)/\ vujj we cpS/, cpcJ, you cpws, ^rpw, them- 
 both. both. selves both. 
 
 G.D. vw/v, vpi', of or ff^uiv, C)(pOjv, of cpw/i/, of or to both 
 to us both. or to vou both. themselves. 
 
 Nom. Ti/i-eTg, we. v/llsT;, you. not used. 
 Gfin. TifMciv^ of us. xjfjjcbv^ of you. 6<poov^ of themselves. 
 Dfl^, ;5/^/v, to us. \j[JjTv, to you. cp/V/, cp/, cp/v^to them- 
 ./^c(7. ;5A^ac, us. hiJjag^ you. selves. 
 
 cpa^, (rps, themselves. 
 
 Rem. — (1) The forms }igv, fxoi, }ih, coi', coi, cl, oy, ol, e, 
 (T^io-t, and (T0g, are all enclitics. (See Eem. Ex. 13.) 
 
 'E/xo^, my. 
 
 Masc. Fern. Ment. 
 
 p. C Sing, B/^og, ifjbs, s/jlov, my, mine. 
 
 Person. ^ ^^^- yj/^jrspog, ^ga, -^ov, our, ours. 
 
 \^T>uah vc^i'Ts^og, -^cc^ -^ov. belonging to us both. 
 
 , f Sing. Co;, rrj^, cov, thv, thine. 
 
 Second J n; ' ' ^ - ' 
 
 Person. ^ ^"'* "^/^-''^fo^? -^^? -^^^? v^ur, yours. 
 
 LZ)«a/. ofCfji'Ti^og, -^a, -^oj/, belonging to you both. 
 
 Third f *S?w^. oc, goc, '>5, 2?i, 6V, sov, his, her, its. 
 Person. [^ Plu. . (^feriPog, -/?a, -^ov, their, theirs. 
 
 Eem. — (2) Each of the forms of sfiog is declined like adjectives 
 of the first declension. 
 
 Masc. 
 
 ^. ^ f Gen. s/j^avTov. 
 First J 71 . 3 
 Person < ^^^' f/^'^'^^^. 
 
 'E/xa 'J rou, of myself. 
 
 Singular. 
 Fem. 
 
 Nent. 
 
 -cu, of myself. 
 -w, to myself. 
 -0, myself. 
 
82 
 
 AHN s MpyrnoT). 
 
 Second J^^:-"^"'^-^?' 
 
 Person. < ^^^- ^^ai^r^, 
 
 [^Acc, (fsavrov, 
 
 mi • J r ^^^» SaVTOV. 
 
 Third J 7^ . . ^ ' 
 Person. ^ ^^^- f^^^^? 
 
 
 -ou, of thyself. 
 -p, to thyself. 
 -0, thyself. 
 
 -ou, of himself. 
 -oD, to himself. 
 -0, himself. 
 
 Third 
 Person 
 
 <J Dat. lavToTg^ 
 savrovgy 
 
 ' I Ace. 
 
 Plural. 
 
 'Oov^ -ojv, of themselves. 
 
 'CcTgj -o/g, to themselves. 
 
 -ag, -a, themselves. 
 
 (3) The first and second persons of Ifiavrov are not used in the 
 plural. 
 
 (4) The forms of this pronoun are sometimes contracted, as aavTov, 
 for aeavTov ; avrov, for eavrov, the rough aspirate distinguishes 
 this last contraction from avrov, the gen. of uvtoq. (See Ex. 86.) 
 
 "'O^, his, her, its, who, which, that. 
 
 
 
 Singular. 
 
 
 
 
 Flural. 
 
 
 
 Masc 
 
 Fem. 
 
 Neut. 
 
 
 Masc. 
 
 Fem. 
 
 Neut 
 
 Nom. 
 
 . oj, 
 
 V, 
 
 0, ov. 
 
 
 o/? 
 
 a/, 
 
 &, 
 
 Gen. 
 
 OVj 
 
 ng, 
 
 o5. 
 
 
 S)V. 
 
 6^!/, 
 
 (Lv, 
 
 Dot, 
 
 ^% 
 
 r 
 ?7' 
 
 a;. 
 
 
 otg, 
 
 oclgj 
 
 Olf, 
 
 Ace. 
 
 6V, 
 
 J^l', 
 
 0, oV. 
 
 
 ovgy 
 
 «s, 
 
 «'. 
 
 
 
 
 Dual. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Masc. 
 
 
 Fem. 
 
 
 Neut. 
 
 
 
 
 iV.^. oi. 
 
 
 
 
 W. 
 
 
 
 
 (?.Z). olv, 
 
 
 d/v, 
 
 
 olv. 
 
 
 (5) "0^ is both a possessive and a relative pronoun. It is de- 
 clined like the article, omitting r. 
 
 (6) The syllable irep is often joined to og when used as a relative 
 forming the compound oi^Trsp, f]7repj oirep, "who," *' which," 
 "that." (See Ex. 70.) 
 
 (7) The compound ogTig^ rjrig, o, n ; " who," " whoever," 
 *' whatever," gen. ovnvog, rigrivog, ovri.vog, has each of its forms 
 d&^'jJiied like 6g and rig respectively. (See rig in Appendix.) 
 
PIliST GllEES COCJESE. 
 
 83 
 
 'AXX^Xwv, of one another. 
 
 Gen, dXXyjXoQv^ of one another. 
 
 Dat. dXXTjXoig, dXXrjXa/gj to one another. 
 
 ^cc. dXXTjXovg^ dXXrjXag^ a7\.Xr)Xa^ one another. 
 
 Dual. 
 G.D. dXXrjXoiv^ -aiv, of or to the one and the other. 
 Ace. dXXr,Xuj, dXXyjXa, the one and the other. 
 
 99. 
 
 *AKor}, riq (77), celebrity, renown, 
 fame. 
 
 "^vpia, ag (?/), Syria, Palestine. 
 
 *lovSaQ^ ov (6), Judas. 
 
 'M^GovvKTiov, ov {to), midnight. 
 
 'I(7icapid)Tr)g, ov (6), Iscariot. 
 
 TliXdroQ, (arog), ov (6), Pilate. 
 
 AiTiov, ov (to), a fault. 
 
 liai.Siov, ov {to), a Httle boy, a 
 boy.. 
 
 ^Apxispevg, iujg (6), a high priest. 
 
 QsXrjfjLa, aTog {to), the will. 
 
 'Prjfxa, uTog {to), a word, saying, 
 expression. 
 
 "OXog^ f], ov, all, the whole of. 
 
 Atyofjievog, r\, ov, called, named. 
 
 ^vvTiyfikvog, rj, ov. met together. 
 
 JloLYicrag, daa, av, having done. 
 
 'nopeu9eig,t'i(Ta, sv, having gone. 
 
 EvpicDcw, I find, I do find. 
 
 'EiciXf^vde, he bade, desired, com- 
 manded. 
 
 'E9Epd7rsv(Js {v), he cured. 
 
 'EX6Xr)aE {v), he spoke, he s^jake, 
 he addressed. j 
 
 ATrrjXOa {v), he, she, or it went, j 
 it spread. ! 
 
 An, it behoves, one must» | 
 
 QsXsTe, you will. 
 
 "HdsLTe, you knew, wist ye .'^ 
 
 "^E^rjTslTe, you sought, you did 
 
 seek, you have sought. 
 "E(JTr](Jav, they agreed, they 
 
 covenanted. 
 Ilpog7]veyKav, they brought, they 
 
 did bring. 
 ^vvrJKav, they understood. 
 liapadioaoj, I will deliver up. 
 "E|ft, he, she, or it will have. 
 llopeij(jeTaL, he will go. 
 E'iTry, he would say. 
 'A7r6\r)TaL, he, she, or it should 
 
 perish. 
 Xprjdov, lend. 
 'Rfxepwcrai, to plough up. 
 AvaTELvaaOai, to stretch forth. 
 Aovvai, to give. 
 "Eu7rpo(T0ev, of, in presence of. 
 O^, sometimes ovy where, 
 T6t€, then, tliereupon. 
 "On, that, is it that ? because. 
 ^aOijjg, as. 
 
 }Lay<o (for Kal eyco), if I. 
 'iva^ that. 
 lloffdicig {dKig) ; how often ? 
 
 *0 AaoiTog roT^ 'TpzavoTg Ixs7.s'u(fs rd ^aXrd dtarsU 
 vaff&ai. 'O ys(;jpyog f/Xs^yog xa/ to avrou TTCcibiov, cl)f- 
 
84 ahn's method. 
 
 psTt fjboi TO'jg Kotp-TTovg. *0 UiXuTog sire -Trph; rove 
 a^%/s^£/'^ xa/ TO'jg o^Xovg' Ou^sv suphKOj airiov h rw 
 CLM^poQiru) ro'jTUJ, Avroi u6i (p^ovi/jLoorccroi Ttai dvdpsioraroi 
 rojv 6T^ari(fiTajv, Kvpog hi^ag roTg Ilip6aig ^oj^/ov aoyh %olI 
 ay.avQcijbig l)CiXs'j(jev ri/ubspaj/yoci, OJ yap s/V/ dvoj rj rpsTg 
 ffvvT^yfjbivoi eJg rb IfLov ovo/j,a^ l/tsT it^jji b ij,b6u) auroiv. 
 AoTS axjrOj ra iTD/d/iia. Tiooivdsvrsg 0/ [laQrirai^ %ai 
 ^or/](favrsg xadojg 'irpogsra^sv avroT^ 6 T/}(fovg, Ovz 
 i6Tt ^sX'/j^aa s/Jb'Trooffhv rou ^aroog hfjjojv^ rov h ovpavoTgy 
 ha d'TroXyirai slg tZ)v [JjIX^ojv rovrw. *0 l7}(foug sI'tts 
 'TT^hg Tovg yovsTg avrov* T/ on i^yirsTre [J^i ; oby. TJdsirs 
 on Iv ro7g rov '^rarpdg f/^ov dsT iivai [i>i ; Ttai avroi o'j 
 (Tvvrjxav to ^55/^a, IXdX'/^cnv avroTg. * A'aTiXkv 7} dx,ori 
 ^Irjffoij slg oXtjv ry]v '2v^iar Kal ^^ogriviy%av abruJ 'irdvTag 
 TO'jg zaKojg s^ovrag, zat k&i^d^iu^iv avrovg. E/Vs roTg 
 {jba^TiTaTg* T'tg J^ b(jj^v s^si (piXov^ Tiai iro^ih^irai 'Tr^hg 
 avTOV [MidovuxTiov^ xai ii'Trr} avroj' <I>/>wg, ^^rjCov [Lot r^sTg 
 aprovg. Tors ^opsvhig slg roov ^w^sxa, Xiyoihivog 'lovdag 
 'l(rxa^i(LTrig^ ^r^og rovg dpyjipitg^ xai sJ^tts ri dsXsre /uloi 
 dovvai^ %d.yd) b[jj7v ^apadu)(roj avrov ; Oi ds 'i^rriaav avruj 
 T^idxovTa d^yv^ia, 
 
 Eem. — (1) Ta TraXrd diarsLvacrOnty "" to extend their darts." 
 Tbe possessive pronouns my^ thy^ Jds^ her^ its^ their ^ when no par- 
 ticular emphasis is implied, are rendered by the article. 
 
 (2) Kai rb avrov iraidiov, *' and his boy." The possessives 
 my, thy, his, her^ its, their, when emphatic, are often rendered by 
 fjLov, aov, or the genitives of avrog. (See Rem. 1, Ex. 90.) 
 
 (3) ^eptrs fjLoi, " bring 7ne,'* Verbs signifying ** to bring '' 
 generally govern a dative of the person. 
 
 (4) Ovokif f.vpi(TKio airiov Iv rif avQp^Tri^, *" / see no fault in 
 this man." The personal pronouns I, thou, he, she, it, we, youy 
 and they, unless emphatic, are rarely expressed. 
 
 (5) Avroi d(jL, *' they are." The personals he, she^ it, they, and 
 you, when expressed, are often rendered by the article, or by the 
 nominative forms of avrog. (See Rem. 1, Ex. 90.) 
 
 (6) *Ev fikffiij avrCJif, " in the midst of them.'* The objective 
 personal pronouns him, her, it, them, are generally rendered by the 
 corresponding forms of avrog. (See Eem. 1, Ex. 90.) 
 
 (7) 'EKsXevcrev ///xf|OW(Tat, "he ordered them to plough it up." 
 The objectives him, her, it, them, as also the dative pronouns, are 
 often understood. (See Eem. 4, Ex. 96.) 
 
riKST GREEK COUHSE. 85 
 
 (8) AoTs avriyi, *' give himj* Verbs signifying '^o give/' gene- 
 rally take a dative case of the person. 
 
 (9) TiopevQivTEQ ot naOrjTal Kai iroi-qcfavT^Q, '*the disciples 
 went and did.'* "Wlien two verbs in a past tense, coupled witli 
 *' and," occur in English, they may be rendered, as in this sentence, 
 by the corresponding Greek participles. 
 
 ^ (10) KadioQ TTpogsra^ev avrolc, " as he desired them.** Verbs 
 signifying *' to command," govern a dative of the person. (See 
 Kem. 5, Ex. 70.) 
 
 (11) Tov 8v ovpavolQ, ^* who is in heaven." Article equivalent 
 to a relative with a form of the verb to be. (See Rem. 2, Ex. 60.) 
 
 (12) Etg Tuiv fjLiicpujj/ TovTojv, '* ouc of thcsc little ones.'* An ad- 
 jective used substantively. (See Eem. 8, Ex. 91.) 
 
 (13) *Ep Tolg Toif TTarpog jxov, "about my father's affairs or 
 business." The dative plural of irgayixa understood. (See Eem. 
 7, Ex. 91.) 
 
 (14) Ati elvai ^f, ^' it behoves me to be," i. e. " I must be." 
 
 (15) TovQ naKuJQ exovTag^ " the ill-having," " thesick.*' (See 
 Eem. l,Ex. 80.) 
 
 (16) llopv9ug TTpbg Tovg apxupeXg, "he went to the high- 
 priests." The English particle to is sometimes rendered by a da- 
 tive case, without a preposition (see Ex. 73) ; and when motion is 
 implied, by 7rp6g or alg. (See Rem. 2, Ex. 94.) 
 
 100. 
 
 I grow older every day. Thou art a great deal richer 
 than I. They say we shall be in safety. Have you any 
 water ? The people have no wine, and they ate the brend. 
 The weapons of the soldiers and their horses. The in- 
 dustrious peasants and their ploughs. The lioness and 
 her six cubs. Ptolemy and his father Lagus, king of 
 Egypt. The fox had an actor's mask in its paws. My 
 three estimable friends. Thy brother who is rich. Your 
 beautiful and respected sisters. Our magnanimous and 
 invincible allies. Semiramis the Assyrian, and her re- 
 nowned army. Your horse has appeared to be more dif- 
 ficult to fight than you. Socrates, seeing that Alcibiades 
 was conceited on account of his wealth, pretended to be 
 poor. Perdiccas seized a panther and captured her. The 
 mouse found a frog and devoured it. Jason having in- 
 spected the sailors of Attica, praised them. Alexander 
 
 H 
 
86 
 
 AH:N S METHOD. 
 
 became master of Asia, but the Macedonians were trouble- 
 some to him. Really, friend, I would not go near you 
 though you were the high-priest of Syracuse. Send 
 away the dogs. Bring me the fish. Lend him ^ve 
 pieces of silver. Give her the book. The sick hunter 
 cured himself. Epaminondas said to himself, I will deliver 
 up the Spartans. Cleopatra the Egyptian killed herself. 
 Where did the cat hang itself ? The people collected 
 food for themselves. The Persians seeing themselves 
 diminishing day by day, said to each other : Why are 
 the Medes greater than we, if not more brave } 
 
 101. 
 
 BaaiXeiay ag (r)), a kingdom. 
 
 '0(pfiXsTriQ, ov (c), a debtor. 
 
 UsTpogy ov (6), Peter. 
 
 Kvpiog, ov (6), a lord, a master. 
 
 Aoyog^ ov (6), a word, an ac- 
 count. 
 
 Aoi^Xo^, ov (6), a slave, servant. 
 
 ^vvdcvXoQy ov (6), a fellow- 
 servant. 
 
 AivSpog or dkvdpcv, ov {jo), a 
 tree. 
 
 TsKvov, ov {to), a child. 
 
 Advtiovy ov {to)) a debt. 
 
 TaAaj^Toy, ov {to), a talent, 
 about £250 sterling. 
 
 ArjvdpioVf ov {to), a denier, a 
 penny. 
 
 *Ap^dfx€vog, r], or, having be- 
 
 llpogtX9(t)v, ovaa, ov, having 
 
 come. 
 'E^fX^wv, ovGaj ovy having gone 
 
 out. 
 JI«(Ta>v, ovaa, ov, having fallen 
 
 down. 
 KpaTrfffag, dffa, av, having laid 
 
 hands upon, having seized. 
 STrXayxvio-Oci^, ei(7a, iv, having 
 
 been moved with compassion. 
 
 "Oo-oc, 77, ov, that, that which, 
 
 what. 
 'OcpeiXeig^ thou owest, you owe. 
 ^AcprJKc (v), he forgave. 
 'ATreXvae {v), he loosed, he let 
 
 go. 
 "QipeiXe {v), he owed. 
 "'EiTrvlye, he took by the throat. 
 'HOkXtjfff, he wished, he would. 
 UpogKvvsi, he did homage, he 
 
 worshipped, he prostrated him- 
 self before. 
 iipogrjvsxOi], he, she, it, or their 
 
 was brought. 
 'QfjiOLujOrj, he, she, or it is 
 
 likened, 
 I Apdrs. you do, you are doing, 
 
 you accomplish. 
 *Qpfi7](TdTe, you came forth, you 
 
 were bent. 
 Bov'SeaOsj you wish, you like. 
 'A7ro^(i/(Ta>, I will pay, repay. 
 'UyrjCTofiai, I will lead, I will be 
 
 leader. 
 'A(pr](7ii), I shall forgive. 
 ^AjjiapTijcrei, he shall sin. 
 '^TTiXi^aaOe, choose. 
 MaKpoOvfirjacv, have patience. 
 'Airudogj pay. 
 
FIRST GREEK COURSE. 87 
 
 Svvatpftv, to reckon. 
 'Evi^apaij to have reckoned, to 
 
 take. 
 ILpaSrjvai, to be sold. 
 
 'ATTcdoOrjvai, to be repaid, pay- 
 ment to be made. 
 EiV, against. 
 'ETTi (gTT* before a yowel, £0' be- 
 
 'Airodovvaif to pay, to repay. J fore an aspirate), npon, with. 
 
 T/ o5v ov b^are rovro, Jp' o %ai u^fMyj&ars ; 'E'7r/X5^a(r^s, 
 0/ Maxg^ovs^, ov f3ov\s(fh Yjys/iLovojv^ zyob ds riy7]6o(j^ai roov 
 ris^cwv. Tors 'TT^ogsX^ojv avruj 6 Usr^og^ zl'irv KvpiSj 
 'TTo^d'/iig aiha^TTi^ii sJg s/ms 6 ahX(p6g (JjOu^ xccI a(p7}(rcf) 
 avTuj ; sojg sirrdTtig ; Asysi avruj 6 ^Iri^ovg' ov Xsyco (Toij 
 s'cfjg s'TTrdxig^ dXX' sojg s^do/XTjxovrd'/Cig sTrrd, A/a rovro 
 oj/jjOiojdr} 7] (SaffiXsia, rojv ohoamv ccv&pdo'iruj (SocctiXsT^ oc ^^1- 
 Xri<fs 6uvaoai Xoyov iiird tmv dovXc^Jv avrov' ^ A^^a/ULsvou 
 ds avTOv (T'jj/a/ps/v, <7r^ogyivs^d'y} avrSj sTg bfsiXerrjg fMvpmv 
 raXdvrCfjv f^ri s')(^ovTog ds avrov dirohoZvai, s7tsXsuc>sv avrov 
 6 Ttb^iog avrou irpa&rivai^ %ai tt^v yvvaTxa avrov^ %ai ra 
 T-gxi/a, xa/ 'itavTOL o6cl s/p/s* %a/ d'jrododrjvat. IIs(foljv ovv 
 6 dovXog ir^ogsnhvsi aura;, Xsycfjr Ku^/s, /jt,axpo^'jfjby}(^oy sir* 
 i/Moi^ xcci -ravra Co/ d'TTodux^oo' (f'rrXay^vK^kig ds 6 %\joiog 
 ro\j doiiXov sks/voVj dirsX\}6sv avTov^ Kai to ddvsiov d(pri%sv 
 avrQj, ^B^sXdobv bs 6 dovXog sKsTvog, sv^sv sVa tu}]j cuv- 
 dovXojv avrouy og lixpsiXsv avrOj s'/tccrov drjvd^ia' %ai >cpa» 
 TTjcag avTov sVi'/ys, Xsyujv ^A'Todog [lot o, r/ ofslXsig, 
 
 Eem. — (1) 'E^' o Kal wpuriaarSy ^^u^on what even you were 
 bent," e. 6., " what you intended." The neuter relative rovro o 
 that which or what, should be divided, as in the text, by some 
 other word. 
 
 (2) 'Atpriauj avrqi ; '* shall I forgive him f* Verbs signifying 
 " to forgive,'* govern a dative of the person. 
 
 (3) 'AvOpcjTTii) PamXeiy " to a certain king." 
 
 (4) *EKskev(Jtv avrov 7rpa9rjvai. "he ordered him to be sold." 
 Though the verb /ceXft'o) signifies "to command/' it sometimes never- 
 theless takes an accusative of the person. (See Rem. 10, Ex. 99.) 
 
 (5) ntcwi/ 6 bovXog TrpoQSKvvsi avT<f^ "the servant having 
 fallen down, he worshipped him," i. e. " the servant /^^^ down and 
 worshipped him." When two verbs in a past tense coupled with 
 " and" occur in English, the first, or both, may be rendered by the 
 corresponding participle. The Greek idiom is very partial to this 
 construction. (See Rem. 9, Ex. 99.) 
 
 H 2 
 
88 ahn's method. 
 
 (6) lldvra (Toi oLfToSJcro), '* I will pay ?;to all." Verbs signi- 
 fj'ing " to pay " govern a dative of the person. 
 
 (7) "Of u}<pf:i\€v avT(ff *' who owed Mm " Verbs signifying 
 *' to owe" likewise take a dative of the person. 
 
 102. 
 
 The slaves bring us wine. The servant gave me the 
 fruit. I will deliver you up to the high priests. What 
 are you doing ? Are you doing what you intended ? 
 What did he owe you ? You owe me ten pieces of 
 silver ; pay me five. Will you give my horse some 
 corn ? Shall I forgive the peasant this debt ? Cyrus 
 commanded his soldiers to hide their weapons. Perdiccas 
 went and seized the lion. A cat came and devoured the 
 mice. A fox ascended a tree and hung himself. The 
 boys went and did as their tutor desired them, A 
 man who is pious. A queen who is powerful. A field 
 that is covered with thorns. Kings who are not just. 
 Women who are not prudent. Elephants and other such 
 animals that are not timid. Choose which you like of 
 the fish. Give me which you like of the eggs. We 
 have flowers here, of which the colour is very beautiful. 
 These are the judges to whom I will pay honour. Send 
 away which you like of these messengers. Bring me 
 which you have of the books. Jason ordered his pioneers 
 to examine carefully the enemies whom they might re- 
 cognise. Do you think yourself great on account of 
 stratagems which are in no wise honourable ? 
 
 103. 
 
 VERBS.-THE AUXILIARY. 
 
 E//>t//, / am. 
 
 Indicative Mood. 
 
 Present Tense, 
 
 ! First Person, sJf/^f, I am. 
 
 Second Person, sic, or eJ, thou art. 
 
 Third Person, Itfr/, he is. 
 
FIRST GREEK COURSE. 
 
 89 
 
 Plu. 
 Dual. 
 
 Sing, 
 Plu. 
 Dual, 
 
 Sing, 
 
 Plu, 
 
 Dual. 
 
 Sing, 
 
 Plu. 
 
 Dual. 
 
 i First Person, l(r/^si/, we are. 
 
 I Second Person, hre, you are. 
 
 ( Third Person, g/V/, they are. 
 
 i First Person, not used. 
 
 Second Person^ krov, you both are. 
 
 Third Person, Urov^ they both are. 
 
 Imperfect Tense. 
 
 I First Person, rjv^ I was. 
 
 Second Person, ^g, or rjcfda, thou wast. 
 
 Third Person, rj, or riv, he was. 
 
 ! First Person, rjfJi^svj we were. 
 
 Second Person, r](irs^ or ^rs^ you were. 
 
 Third Pei'son, rj'^av^ they were. 
 
 Fii'st Person, not used. 
 
 Second Pei^son, rj(frov, or rj-rov, you both were. 
 
 Third Person, 7i(^rriV^ or TJrriv, they both were. 
 
 Future Tense. 
 { First Person, s(Sofjbaiy I will be. 
 
 I Second Person, hri^ thou wilt be. 
 
 ( Third Person, sc^srai^ or s(^Tai, he will be. 
 
 First Person, Iffo/jusda^ 
 Second Person, s(fs(rk, 
 Third Person, sVoi^ra/, 
 
 First Person, l(f6fjbs9ov, 
 Second Person, s(fs&dov, 
 Third Perso7i, 'iditskv, 
 
 Imperative Mood. 
 
 Second Person, "lC&i, 
 Third Person, sc^tm, 
 Second Pe7'son, sVrs, 
 Third Perso7i, sVrwcav, sVrw 
 Second Person, sfrrov, 
 Third Person, Uroiv, 
 
 we will be. 
 you will be. 
 they will be. 
 
 we both will be. 
 you both will be. 
 they both will be. 
 
 be. 
 
 let him be. 
 be (ye). 
 , let them be. 
 be (ye) both, 
 let them both be. 
 H 3 
 
00 AHI^ S METHOD* 
 
 ^ 
 
 SuBjuN^CTiYE Mood. 
 f 1st Person, w, I be, I were, I may be. 
 S. < 2nd Person, fig^ thou be, thou wert, thou mayst be. 
 \^3rd Person, fi^ he be, he were, he may be. 
 
 f \st Person, StiMzv^ we be, we were, we may be. 
 P.< 2nd Person, rtrs, you be, you were, you may be. 
 [^3rc/ Person, cSc/, they be, they were, they may be. 
 
 j^ r 2nd Pe?'Son, rjrov, you both be. 
 I 3rd Person, tjtov, they both be. 
 
 Optative Mood. 
 
 f ^sf Person, siyjVj I might, or would be. 
 S.< 2nd Person, st^jg, thou mightst, or wouldst be. 
 \^37'd Pei'son, sltj^ he might, or would be. 
 
 (1st Person, siTjfjbsv, we might or would be, 
 P. <^ 2nd Person, sirirs, you might or would be. 
 \^3rd Person, sirj<f(xv, they might or would be. 
 
 J. f 2nd Pe7'son, nrirov^ you both might be. 
 ' \ 3rd Pei'son, sJtjtt]]/, they both might be. 
 
 Infinitive Mood. 
 
 Present Tense^ ilvat^ to be. 
 Future Tense, s&i(r$cctj about to be. 
 
 Participles. 
 
 Present, m, wi/, ^en, ovrog ; f. o06a^ gen, ov(fy}g ; 7i. oV, 
 
 gen. ovTog, being. 
 Future, m. laoiiivog^ -ov ; /. ho/jjsvr}, -rig ; n. k^oi^ivov^ -ou, 
 
 about being. 
 
 Rem. — (1) Like the foregoing are conjugated Trdptifxi, "I am 
 present ;" <TV}x7rdpuixi^ " I am present with /' and all other com- 
 binations of 61/il. 
 
 (2) When two or more forms of a person are in use, the con- 
 tracted, or shorter form, is most usually employed. 
 
rillST GliEKK COUESE. 
 
 91 
 
 (3) Elfii takes some of its tenses from ho *' I place ;" of these, 
 however, the future is only given in the foregoing table, that tense 
 alone being essential to the conjugation of the auxiliary. 
 
 (4) The present indicative forms of slf^U are all enclitics, with 
 the exception of the second person singular. (See Rem. 3, Ex. 65.) 
 
 (5) When a wish is expressed as in the phrase, ^' May you be 
 successful ;" and in such locutions as '^ Would that you were 
 happy!'* the forms "were" and " may be " of the auxiliary, are 
 rendered by the optative, not by the subjunctive mood. 
 
 104. 
 
 Kap^ia, ag {rj), the heart. 
 EvTvxici^ ag {rj), happiness. 
 ^OjOa, ag (r/), impetuosity. 
 'O^BaXfjidgy ov (6), the eye. 
 'AvTi8lKog, ov (6), an adversary, 
 "EKOTogy £of , -ovg {to), darkness, 
 
 obscurity. 
 Kepdogf fog, -ovg (ro)^ gain, 
 
 profit. 
 "AXac, arog (to), salt. 
 'EXTTtg, 1^0^ (^), hope. 
 MiCFTog^ rjy ov, full. 
 '2KOTtiv6g, rij ov, dark, full of 
 
 darkness. 
 TaireLvog, rj, ov, humble, lowly. 
 Ilovrjpog, a, ov, bad, evil. 
 Mcupoc, a, ov, foolish. 
 'EfiiKpog, a, ov (for fxiKpog), 
 
 small, little. 
 Tfpg^og, a, ov, mild, meek, gentle. 
 "A^Log, ia, lov, worthy. 
 'AXoyicFTOQ (6, r/), mad, insane. 
 "AvovQ (6, ij) for dvoog, stupid. 
 UpogdoKUJiitvog^r}, ov, hoped for 
 ^vvoCJv, ov(Ta, ovv, being on 
 
 good terms, friendly. 
 'Afpfigt ei(Ta, kv, having lost, 
 
 having let go. 
 
 Uahag, d(7a, av, having smote. 
 YlapEig, eTcra, ev, having let pass, 
 
 neglected. 
 T€;^(?£ig, eXaa, ev, having been 
 
 born. 
 Asyers, you say. 
 'EKpdrrjtjt, he became master. 
 'RyipOrj, he is risen. 
 'AcpieraL, he, she, or it is left. 
 UapaXafxPdveTai, he, she, or it 
 
 is taken away. 
 "EXeyov, they said. 
 'OfioXoyovvrai, they are (were) 
 
 ^evys, 
 
 EiTTOj, 1 may say, I send word. 
 'EXtti^oi/xi, I would wait. 
 npogevxyi thou pray, thou 
 
 prayest. 
 'YTTapx^jhe, she, or it would grow. 
 "Avev, without. 
 "Orav, when. 
 "Ottov, where. 
 ^rj/jLtpov, to-day. 
 Taxvt quickly. 
 "Eojg oTov, whilst. 
 "OcpeXs, would ! would that ! 
 "Eycoys, I indeed. 
 
 Upaog sJfLi %ai ra^Ttimg rfj xapbia. Tig sf; Tig l^riv 
 o\)Tog ; Tig \67tv 6 'jtaKSag cs ; Ilov s^tiv 6 rs^h/g jSa- 
 ctAsug rujy ^lovdaiojv ; Oux eVr/v c^dz, riysodr} yap xa&cug 
 kl'Tfiv, 0/ ds o'^Xo/ sXByov OvTog sc>t/v ^l7,GoZg 6 '7r^of)r)rr}g, 
 
92 ahn's method. 
 
 Hv 7] rojv Ilip6ajv s'TilSovXr} h nvvrtyiGtu), Usvtb r^6a^ 
 1^ aurojv (p^ovi/j^oi, %ai 'ttsvts /juM^ai, Aa^sTog sx^drrjcfs rcov 
 'X^xavwi/, 0/ d' s^a^hTg -qdav avrOj, Tiva /^g Xsyouffiv o'l 
 avdpoj'jroi eJvai^ rov viov rou dvdpoo'Trov ; Asysi avroTg' 'X/jjsTg 
 dl riva [Jji XsysTS shat ; *0 Ss/JjIcttotcXt^^ Ttal 6 'AX%/- 
 ^idh]g In itaThsg ovrsg b[MXoyovvTC/j (po^dg ij^idroi sJvai. 
 Torg diio icfovrai \v rw dyp(f)^ 6 sig 'Tra^aXa/ublSdvsrat^ Ttai 
 6 slg d(phTai, "Oirox) s^rh 6 ^rjcfavfog v/uboov, sxsT gWa/ 
 ■xai 7} xa^hia vf/jcov, ^svyB sig Kiyoitrov^ za/ ItS&i IxsT 
 BOjg oiv sl'TTOJ 6oi, "l6&i svvock}V tSj dvrihi%(x) (fou rayjj^ g'wg 
 6Voi> gJ gv 7fi odQj fMsr^ avrou. "'Rarz (p^dviihoi o'jrajg svdocU 
 fioveg Tjrs, aviu yd^ rr\g (ppov7]6i(f}g dii e(fs(fk dv(frv^sTg. 
 ' Orav i7pogs\j')(ri^ ovtc sctrj ui<Sitip o) V'Troxp/raL 'Eav ^g o 
 6(pdaXfL6g 6o\j 'Trovyjpog fi^ oXov to (^uj/ubd (fov (^xotbivov gWa/* 
 g/ ovv TO (pojg TO sv Co/, 6%6Tog s^ti^ to (^XOTOg 'Ttodov'^ 
 "OfsXs d^ioi UTjfJbsv 7}/icsrg TTJg dXyjhvg svTv^iagj rj'Trs^ h6Th 
 ditadZiV d^STOov xcc^'jrog ! 'Eav tfi) s^ya(fTiKog fjg^ 6ij ^Xov(fiog 
 s(r?j, 6 TcdfJbaTog yd^ Qri^aupog h6Tt ToTg dvdpdo^o/g. 'AXo- 
 yidrog dv sltj 6 ^/ IX'TT/da fiiiZovog Td sv %gp<y/V apg/g, 
 <S{jji%^d ovTOL, 'AXX' g^wyg dvoMg dv sirjv, g/, to h ysp^si 
 'Tcapsig xspdog^ zdv (T/xik^ov f}y to 'r^ogdoxdj/isvov^ %av yAycx, 
 iJ'Trdp^'yi, sX'TciZoiiJji. 
 
 Rem. — (1) TaTTftvog Ty Kapdig,, " lowly in the heart,'* ^. e, 
 "lowly in heart." The article is often used in Greek when rejected 
 by the English idiom. (See Rpm. 2, Ex. 70.) 
 
 (2) TiQ ecTTiv 6 TTahag ae, " who is "he who has struck you." 
 (See Rem. 5, Ex. 96.) 
 
 (3) Tiva [JLs \Byov(nv oi dvOpujiroi elvai; "whom do men say 
 me to be ?" i. e. " whom do men say that I am ?" A dependant 
 clause introduced by that in English, is usually rendered in Greek 
 by putting the verb in the infinitive, and the noun or pronoun in 
 the accusative case. 
 
 (4) 'Yidv cs 6 ocpQoKfJLOQ GOV irovTjpbg y, "But tf your eye be 
 evil." The particle edv governs the subjunctive mood, and if is 
 rendered by tdv, when a hypothesis is implied. 
 
 (5) 'ATran-oii/ dpsTwv izapiroQ, " the fruit of all virtues," i. e, " the 
 fruit of all the virtues." In constructions of this kind, the Greek 
 article is not used. 
 
 (6) 'AXoyitrroc av tirj, " it would be insane." The particle dv 
 here implies, that the thing stated is not supposed probable, and 
 when used in this Avay, has no equivalent in English. 
 
FIRST GEEEK COrESE. 
 
 93 
 
 105. 
 
 I am indeed stupid. Truly thou art foolish. He is 
 really insane. We are not slaves neither are we hypo- 
 crites. The Greeks are not now the salt of the earth, 
 neither are they the light of the world. With whom 
 were you to-day ? Wast thou with Peter ? Where was 
 he ? When was it ? Why are you here } We were 
 at Ephesus with Alexander, w^hilst you were at Syracuse 
 with the army. Where you are, there will I be also. 
 The feast will be delicious and abundant. The people 
 will be odious to the king, the fields will be uncultivated 
 and covered with thorns, and there will be darkness 
 throughout all the land ; the men will be discouraged with 
 much toil, and the women wiU not be worthy of honour. 
 The apples being ripe, they are sweet. The children 
 being good, they are happy. The flowers being fresh, 
 they are beautiful. The estates of Alcibiades not being 
 in Attica, they are not represented in the map. One 
 must be patient. One ought to be industrious. I must 
 be in the council to-day. The money must be repaid. 
 This house must be sold. We ought to be true and 
 generous. You ought to be wise and prudent. They 
 ought to be just and merciful. He is not the man he 
 has appeared to be. The king of Sicily has appeared 
 to be a tyrant. Darius has been considered the wnsest of 
 Persian kings. Epaminondas has been considered to be 
 the most skilful of generals. What do people say that 
 I am } 
 
 106. 
 
 nijyri, ijQ (^), a source, fountain. 
 *Ap7rayri, rjg (»)), rapine, plunder, 
 
 rapacity. 
 '^Xsrjfioavvrjf rig (?/), charity, 
 
 alms, 
 TifJL(jjpia, ag (jJ), punishment. 
 ^Ett 1(7 Trjp,rj, 7j£ (r/), knowledge. 
 'AypiTTTra^, ov (o), Agrippa. 
 
 *Ydd<T7rT]gi ov (6), the river Hy- 
 
 *KpiGTeidrig, ov (6), Aristides. 
 AlaiDTTog^ ov (6), ^sop. 
 ^ridTog^ ov (6), Festus. 
 ^apiaaXog, ov (6), a Pharisee. 
 OlKog, ov (6), a house. 
 '!^idrjpogy ov (6), a sword. 
 
94 
 
 AHN S METHOD. 
 
 ^SjSoc, ov (6), dread, fear, fright. 
 
 XIoTjfpioVy ov (to), a cup. 
 
 "Apicrrov, ov {to), a dinner. 
 
 MdpTvp, vpog (6), a witness. 
 
 11X^00^, eog (t6)^ mob, rabble. 
 
 Kepafisvg, eoj£ (6), a potter. 
 
 'AvdiravtTig^ Siog (6), repose. 
 
 'AyaOoKXrjgj eovg (d), Agatbo- 
 cles. 
 
 *'A0pa»v, ovog (d, ^), a fool. 
 
 ^lepoaoXvfjLa, wv {to), Jerusalem. 
 
 Mifx^ig, Idog (J]), Memphis. 
 
 Uiva^, oLKog (d), a plate, platter, 
 dish. 
 
 ^To^ia, arog (to), the mouth. 
 
 Tpdfiiia, cLTog {t6)j a painting, 
 picture, letter. 
 
 "ApTviJiay cLTcg (to), seasoning. 
 
 KaOdpogj d, dj/, pure, clean. 
 
 AoiTTog, 7}, ov, other. 
 
 ^iXofidOrjg, tog, -ovg (6, rj), de- 
 sirous of learning. 
 
 Tlpcgtvxofisvegf rj, ov, praying. 
 
 'E7rt/3oa>j/, ujcra, tjv, crying. 
 
 l£iige\6wv, ovaa, or, having gone 
 in. 
 
 Uoiriffag, dffa, av, having made. 
 
 UpoTjfiapTTiKujg, via, vg, having 
 sinned heretofore. 
 
 JlvvsifiL, I am with. 
 
 UdpeLfjLL, I am present. 
 
 ^vfxndpsifii, I am present with. 
 
 "ATTEijut, I am absent. 
 
 'EvsLfjii, I am in, I possess. 
 
 "Epxojuat, I come. 
 
 UpoXkyu), I foretell. 
 
 rpa0w, I write. 
 
 ^rjai (enclitic), he or she saj's. 
 
 OsiopHTs, you see. 
 
 BovXarai, he, she, or it wishes, 
 desires, 
 
 Ka9api'CeT€, you clean. 
 
 'ETToijycrf , he made, he did make, 
 
 *EOavfjidae (v), he wondered. 
 
 'AveTTco-f (v), he sat down (to 
 meat). 
 
 '^TTrjpwTrifTe (v), he asked. 
 
 'Hpiora, he besought. 
 
 Tsjufi, he, she, or it is full. 
 
 'EfBaTTTltTOrj, he had washed. 
 
 ^eiaofnai, I will spare. 
 
 ^TaOrjcTSTai, he, she, or it will 
 be established. 
 
 npoeipTjKUf I have told you be- 
 fore. 
 
 ^Evsrvxov, they have dealt with. 
 
 "EXOijj, I should come. 
 
 ^ApiaTTicTyy he would dine. 
 
 'EykvsTo, it happened, it came 
 to pass. 
 
 Aelv, to behove, must. 
 
 Zyv, to live. 
 
 AaXrjaai, to have spoken. 
 
 Uapd [Trap before a vowel), by, 
 at one's house, 
 
 TiXriv, better, but only, rather. 
 
 *Ej/0a^£ (ah), here, in this place, 
 
 Nui/, now. 
 
 "E^w^si/, outside. 
 
 *'E(r(o06j/, inside. 
 
 KaTafjiovag, privately, alone. 
 
 ILlg TO ndXiv, again, anew. 
 
 T^lrov rovTo e^'^ofiai ^^og h[jjag, ^E^I (^rofiarog dvo flag" 
 rv^Mv Ttai T^iMV 6raQri6irai ^av |^/^c&. U^os/prjxa xa) 
 ^^oXgyoi, Oijg 'Tta^Otjy rh diurspov^ %ai a'xujv vZv y^dfCf) roTs 
 m'^ori[jjaprYi%66i xai ro7g Xoim'oTg *7ra(Siv, ort lav gX^w s/g rh 
 ituXiv ov (pii^ofjjat, ^lS,ymro h rOj shat ahrh ^^ogzwyo- 
 fjjivov Ttaraf/jovag^ 6{)vri6av ahrOj o) [x,a&Yirai^ %ai S'7ryipU)ry}(fsv 
 
FmST GREEK COUKSE. 95 
 
 TifjjTv avd^sg^ hcfj^sTrs rovrov, orspt ov 'ttuv rh 'TrXTJhg tu)v 
 ^lovdajojv svsTv^ov (j,oi h rz *l£^o(foX\j/j^oig %at Ivdadz, I'jn- 
 ^oSjvrsg f/jYi bzTv Zy\v abrov fMrjxsTi, 'Ev tQj XaX^ca/, rjPU)Ta 
 avrbv (papi<Scu6g rig oircag api6T7]c>ri iroL^ ahrOj* zigiX&m 
 bs avs'7rs(fsv. 'O ds (pa^icouog^ Idojv Idav/m^acfsv on oh ^pootov 
 h^a'irria&ri 'TT^o ro\j api^rov^ sItts ds 6 xvpiog 'jrphg ahror 
 NDv \)ijji7g 0/ (pa^KTaToi ro s^oodsv rou ^Trorri^tov %ai rov 
 'jrhanog ycadapl^srsy rh ds 'ifSojkv \j[Jj^v yifj^n ap'Ttayrig zai 
 'TTovYipiag' afpovsg, ov"^ 6 ^oiri^ag ro s^ookvj zai rh emkv 
 l^olrjffs ; UX^v ra svovra dore sXsTj/ULocT'jvrjv, %ai Ibov irdvra 
 xada^d VfjbTv scriv. 
 
 Rem. — (1) Tpirov TovTO, "third this,'* i.e. "this es the third 
 time/' The forms of the verb to be are generally dropped in Greek, 
 ■when they can be omitted without obscuring the sense of the con- 
 text. (See Eem. 3, Ex. 94.) 
 
 (2) zItjo fiaprvpiov /cat rpiwr, " of two or three witnesses." 
 
 (3) To SevTEpovy " the second time." The neuter form of the 
 adjective devTspog, " second," has here a substantive value. The 
 neuters of most other adjectives likewise admit of a similar extension 
 of their signification, as ItyaOoVy " a good thing," to dyaOoVf 
 *■" good," in a general sense. (See Rem. 4, Ex. 78.) 
 
 (4) 'El/ r<p dvai avrbv wpogeyxoijuvov, "in the to be himself 
 praying," i. e, "whilst he was praying." The preposition cj/ often 
 occurs at the head of a dependant sentence, in which case it is 
 equivalent to whilst^ when^ or as. Used in this way kv requires the 
 verb to be in the infinitive mood, and the accessory words in the 
 accusative case. In such constructions the infinitive becomes a 
 noun and always takes the article. 
 
 (5) lidvTtQ 01 (TvfjiTrdpovTeQ rjjjXv dvdpec, " all the being present 
 with us men," i, e. " all the men who are here present." (See Rem. 
 2, Ex. 104.) 
 
 (6) QiujpdTE rovTov, "you see this m^w." The word dvdpa 
 understood. Nouns of frequent occurrence are sometimes dropped 
 in this way, when the sense of the context is not obscured by their 
 omission. (See Rem. 8, Ex. 83; Rem. 1, Ex. 86, and Rem. 13, 
 Ex. 99.) 
 
 (7) M?) delv Z,yv avrbv firjKBTi^ "not it behoves him to live any 
 longer;" i. e. "he ought not (to be allowed) to live any longer." 
 Impersonal verbs sometimes take an accusative case. (See Rem. 
 14, Ex. 99.) 
 
 (8) 'Ev r(j) XaXricrai, "in the to have spoken," i, e. "when ho 
 had spoken." (See Rem. 4, above.) 
 
96 ahn's method. 
 
 (9) llXrjv rd Ivovra ^org IXerffiotrvvrjVy " it would be better if 
 you gave alms of what i/ou possess, (See Rem. 6 above.) 
 
 (10) lldvra KaOapd v^Xv furiv, *' all thing «r^ clean unto you." 
 Updyfiara understood and verb consequently in singular. (See 
 Rem. 7, Ex. 91,) 
 
 107. 
 
 What animal is fiercer than the lioness ? Which is 
 the broadest and deepest river of Asia ? The Ganges 
 and Hydaspes are the two great rivers of India. Ever}" 
 man desires to live, even though he is poor and 
 wretched. Hope of honour and dread of punishment 
 are as sources of virtue. Apelles was the most illus- 
 trious of the painters of Attica. They say that Aga- 
 thocles king of Sicily was the son of a potter. Aris- 
 tides the Just was a praiseworthy man, but he was 
 unfriendly to Themistocles. Alcibiades besought Socrates 
 to be his friend. The horse in the picture has appeared 
 to be real. Cleopatra the Egyptian has not been con- 
 sidered to be the best of queens. What do the people 
 say that the painting at Memphis is ? O king, be just and 
 merciful. Friend, be vigilant. Sbns, be prudent, that 
 you may be respected. Fathers, be upright, that you 
 may be worthy of honour. We may be happy even 
 though we are poor. All men may be happy, for true 
 happiness is the fruit of virtue. Repose is the seasoning 
 of labour, and labour, according to ^sop, is a treasure to 
 all men. Youths, if you are desirous of learning, you 
 will be learned, for knowledge is the fruit of industry. O 
 brother, would that you were wise and good ! 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 IRREGULAR NOUNS OF THE FIRST DECLENSION.— 
 (See Ex. 64.) 
 
 1. Nouns in a, gen. ng (See Rem. 2, Ex. 64) are de- 
 clined thus : — 
 
 7] rpd'm'^ci^ a table. 
 Swgtdar, Dual. Tlural. 
 
 Gen, Tpa-Trs^^Tig. rpa-'Trs^a. rpa'^itj^jv. 
 
 Bat, rpa'rrVQfi. TpU'-iZoiiv, Tpocrs{^ocig, 
 
 Ace. rpd^s^av. rpa^sto^g. 
 
 2. Nouns of this declension in a^: and tj*; form the vo- 
 cative by dropping the g, but the following in rjg make 
 the vocative in a : — 
 
 U^o(prjryig, ** a prophet," voc. Tr^ofriTOi, and other nouns 
 
 in TTj^. 
 K-jvui'Trrig, '' dog-faced," 7:oc. xwoj-ttk, and other words 
 
 in C77j$. 
 IIspC'/jc, " a Persian," voc. Us^ffa, and other names of 
 
 nations. 
 Ysu/jLsrpTigy ** a geometrician," voc. yiooiJ^irpa^ and other 
 
 nouns derived from /xsr^sw, *' I measure," as also 
 
 those derived from 'rrojl.scfj^ *' I sell," and rpi^u)^ " I 
 
 rub." 
 
 3. Some nouns of this deqlension have an irregular 
 genitive in a, as o^vihSrjpag^ o^v/^o^j^^a, "; a bird-catcher." 
 (See Rem. 1, Ex.'68.) 
 
98 
 
 ArPENDIX. 
 
 IRREGULAR NOUNS OF THE SECOND DECLENSION.— 
 (See Ex. 69.) 
 
 1. Contracted nouns (see Eem. 3, Ex. 69,) of this 
 declension are declined thus • — 
 
 Masculines and Feminines. 
 
 voog^ the mind. 
 
 Singular. 
 
 Nom, 
 
 voog^ 
 
 vovg. 
 
 Voc. 
 
 vos, 
 
 vov. 
 
 Gen. 
 
 voov^ 
 
 vov. 
 
 Dat. 
 
 v6(fjj 
 
 vSj. 
 
 Ace, 
 
 voov, 
 
 voZv. 
 
 N.V.A. 
 
 v6m9 
 
 vci. 
 
 G.D. 
 
 VOOIVj 
 
 voiy. 
 
 N.V. 
 
 VOOlj 
 
 voT, 
 
 Gen. 
 
 VOMV, 
 
 mv. 
 
 Dat. 
 
 VOO/Cy 
 
 voTg, 
 
 Ace. 
 
 voovg, 
 
 vovg, 
 
 Dual. 
 
 Tlural. 
 
 Neuters, 
 
 
 rh 0(fTSOVy a 
 
 bone. 
 
 OtfTSOV, 
 
 1(Stovv, 
 
 OdTZOV^ 
 
 o6.roZv, 
 
 6(rrsov^ 
 
 l6T0\J, 
 
 h6TB(jk)j 
 
 06t(jJ, 
 
 l(tTSOVj 
 
 h(STO\JV, 
 
 0(fTSOJj 
 
 067 c!j. 
 
 l6Tsorj^ 
 
 odToTv, 
 
 IcfTsa, 
 
 cxfra. 
 
 o(STmv^ 
 
 bcrrojv. 
 
 h^rsoig^ 
 
 offToTg, 
 
 co'T'sa, 
 
 IdTa, 
 
 Some of the cases are occasionally found uncontracted. 
 
 2. Nouns in wg and wv (see Rem. A, Ex. 69,) of this 
 declension are declined thus : — 
 
 Masculines and Feminines. 
 
 
 Neuters. 
 
 6 vi(t)g^ a temjple. 
 
 TO dvojys 
 Singular. 
 
 (wv, an upper-room. 
 
 N.V, vi(Jjg, 
 
 
 dvuiyzm. 
 
 Gen. viu). 
 
 
 dvojyiM. 
 
 Dat. vsSj, 
 
 
 dvitjyscfj. 
 
 Ace. vsoov. 
 
 Dual. 
 
 dvu)yscf)v. 
 
 N.V. A. vi^. 
 
 
 dvojyiu. 
 
 G.D. ysS)v. 
 
 
 dvdjysujv. 
 
APPENDIX. 99 
 
 Flu7'aL 
 Masculines and Feminines. Neuters. 
 
 N.V. vscJ. dv(jiy%(ji. 
 
 Gen, vsojv. dv(Jjyscfjv» 
 
 Dat. vsQjg. dvojyscfjg. 
 
 Ace. v^uig, dy(j}yi(f). 
 
 3. Some masculine and feminine nouns of this declen- 
 sion are neuter in the plural. Ex. — 
 
 hi<ppog^ a chariot, rd hi<ppa. 
 
 6 IpsT/jLog, an oar, rd Iper/xd. 
 
 6 ds^/iog, a bond, rd ds(r/j,dy but sometimes o/ h(S[ioi, 
 
 G Xv^vog^ a light, rd 'k\jyyd, 
 
 h Zpyog-i a yoke, rd Z^vyd. 
 
 6 iJ^oyXog^ a lever, rd i^oyXd and rohg [j^oyXo-og, 
 
 b xuxXog, a circle, rd -/.v/Xd, 
 
 6, 71 Taprapog^ the infernal region, rd Taprapd. 
 
 6 r^ayrikog.) the neck, rd roayjfkd. 
 
 71 TcsXsvhg, a way, rd xsKivda, and rdg KsXro&ovg. 
 
 6 <^?rog, corn, rd 67ra. 
 
 IRREGULAE IS'OUNS OF THE THIRD DECLENSION.— 
 (See Ex. 72.) 
 
 1. Nouns of this declension having f> or a vowel, 
 other than /, o, u, before the genitive termination are 
 declined thus : — 
 
 Masculines. 
 
 Feminines. 
 
 Neuters. 
 
 iJ^W^, T/fO/Og, 
 
 a hero. 
 
 the hand. 
 
 ro ao^5 do^oi 
 a sword. 
 
 N.r. rigoig. 
 Gen. rj^cijog. 
 J) at. rj^M/. 
 Ace. rj^Ma. 
 
 Singular. 
 
 X'k' 
 X^igi, x¥' 
 
 Dual. 
 
 aopog. 
 
 if 
 
 aopi. 
 
 N.V.A. ^'ews. 
 G.D. Tt^ujoiv. 
 
 XH'' 
 
 do^otv. 
 
100 
 
 
 APPENDIX, 
 
 
 
 Flural. 
 
 
 Masculines. 
 
 Feminines. 
 
 Neuters. 
 
 N.V. rj^Msg. 
 
 ^"^1'- 
 
 ao^a. 
 
 Gen. Tj^dooov, 
 
 ^ii^Sjv, yjiuv. 
 
 a6p(/)V. 
 
 Dat, rj^c^(^{. 
 
 %«'?«•'> %sf<y''- 
 
 do^di. 
 
 Ace. rj^Mocg. 
 
 yjT^ag, yE^^cg. 
 
 ao^a. 
 
 The foregoing is the simplest form of the third declension, the 
 case terminations being appended without change to the roots. 
 
 2. Nouns that reject s (see Rem, 6, Ex, 72) are de- 
 clined thus : — 
 
 ^aryj^y a fat 
 
 her. 
 
 Singular 
 
 avT]^^ a man. 
 
 Nom. 'irarrj^. 
 
 
 
 av?j^. 
 
 Voe, *7rdTs^. 
 
 
 
 av2^. 
 
 Gen. ^ocrepag, < 
 
 Trar^og. 
 
 avE^oSj dvh^og. 
 
 Dat, TTccTs^i^ irar^i 
 
 . 
 
 dvi^/, avh^i. 
 
 Ace. <irccTe^a. 
 
 
 Btial 
 
 dvegcc, avd^{x. 
 
 N.V,A. ^ar^p. 
 
 
 
 ave^Sj avd^s. 
 
 G.D. ^are^oiv. 
 
 
 riiiral 
 
 dve^oiVj dvd^oTv. 
 
 N.V. irare^zg. 
 
 
 
 dve^sgj av^^s^. 
 
 Gen. 'Trareoojv. 
 
 
 
 dve^ooVy dvd^oov. 
 
 Dat. ^aH^i66i^ 
 
 '7rar^(k(ri. 
 
 dvs^s(f(Jij dvd^dcfi. 
 
 Ace. 'TTars^ag. 
 
 
 
 d/i^agj avd^ag. 
 
 3. Nouns in /g, vc 
 
 ? ^5 
 
 genitive 
 
 £Mg have some of the 
 
 cases contracted (see 
 
 Rem. 8, Ex. 
 
 72), and are dechned 
 
 thus : — 
 
 
 
 
 Masculines. 
 
 
 Feminines, 
 
 Neuters. 
 
 6 'jrriTcvg^ 
 
 
 7] TToXig, 
 
 TO a6TV. 
 
 the elbow. 
 
 
 a city. 
 
 Singular. 
 
 a city. 
 
 Nom. 'TTTj^vg. 
 
 
 ^oKig. 
 
 a<STi), 
 
 Voc. '7tri')(y. 
 
 
 ^oXi. 
 
 a<S7u. 
 
 Gen. ^riy^iog^ sc^jg. 
 
 'TToXiog^ scfjg. danog, fcag. 
 
 Dat. 'TtYiyfi.^ St. 
 
 
 "TToXl/^ 21. 
 
 a6Ti)\ g/. 
 
 Ace. 'TTYiyjo]/, 
 
 
 'TTOAIV. 
 
 U6T\). 
 

 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 
 
 
 Dual. 
 
 
 
 Masculines. 
 
 Feminines. 
 
 Neuters. 
 
 N.r.A. 
 
 ^yjXfs. 
 
 •TOX/S, £S. 
 
 ciffTSS, 
 
 G.D. 
 
 nrrr/ioiv. 
 
 JPlural. 
 
 a(S7'sOiv, 
 
 N.F. 
 
 ^rr/i'-h s/r. 
 
 c7o7./s;, eig. 
 
 acrza^ -/j. 
 
 Gen. 
 
 c?j;^£:ov. 
 
 'rroJJorj^ smv. 
 
 ttfrrioiv. 
 
 Dat. 
 
 'jTyiX'Ci. 
 
 ^6Xi<rij s(ji. 
 
 a67i6l. 
 
 Ace. 
 
 'irrr/icig, sig. 
 
 croA/ac, s/g. 
 
 acrsa, 7j, 
 
 101 
 
 4. Nouns having the genitive in so; from nominatives 
 m '/jc, g;, or og, are contracted thus : — 
 
 Masculines and Feminines. 
 
 6 2w?c^66r7j;, Socrates, 
 
 Neuters. 
 70 oLvkg^ a flower. 
 
 Nom» ^Cf}-/,pd77}g, avQog, 
 
 Voc. '2u}7cpoi7sg, av^og. 
 
 Gen. '2cfj'ycpd7srjg^ oug. avdsog, ovg. 
 
 Dat. 2w/-^a7S/*, si. avh'/\ n. 
 
 Ace. ^Ui%pd7ta^ >j. av^og. 
 Dual. 
 
 N.V.A. 2oj'x,pd7SB^ '/J. av^ss, yj. 
 
 G.D. lt(f)KpoL7ioiv^ o7v. dvdsoiv, oni. 
 
 Flural. 
 
 N.V. 2or/,pd7isg, sig. av^sa^ tj. 
 
 Gen. 2ai%f>ariwv, ojv, dvdsojv, oov, 
 
 Dat. 2u)Xpd<ri. avk(St, 
 
 Ace. 2oj'/.pd7sag, stg. oivha, yj. 
 
 Neuters in eg take e in the genitive and hence the contraction. 
 5. Nouns in tg -log and \jg -vog are declined thus ; — 
 
 6 op/c, a serpent. 6 ^67p\jg^ a grajpe. 
 Singular. 
 
 Nam. ofig. 
 Voc. o<pi. 
 Gen. o(piog. 
 Dat. 0^//*, op/. 
 Ace. of /v. 
 
 lS67pvg. 
 I367pu: • 
 f367p'jog, 
 
 ^rj7p\j)\ (367pl% 
 
 I367pvv. 
 
102 
 
 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Dual 
 
 
 
 \F,A. 
 
 o(pn. 
 
 
 f36T^VS. 
 
 
 G.D. 
 
 o(f)iorj. 
 
 Plural 
 
 iSoT^VOiV, 
 
 
 N.V. 
 
 ofisg, 
 
 l(fig. 
 
 f^or^vsgy 
 
 ^or^ug. 
 
 Gen. 
 
 h(pi(t)v. 
 
 
 [SoT^'JCfjV. 
 
 
 Bat. 
 
 OfKfl, 
 
 
 f^dro'jei. 
 
 
 Ace. 
 
 Of tag ^ 
 
 o<pig. 
 
 iSoT^vag, 
 
 jSor^vg. 
 
 *'0<piQf however, and most nouns in ig -icg have likewise a geni- 
 tive in sijjg, these are declined like the example given in § 3. 
 
 6. Nouns in a-jg -aog and ovg -oog are declined thus: — 
 7) vaxig^ a ship. 6, yj, ^ovg, an ox or cow* 
 
 Singular, 
 
 Nom. )ia\jg. 
 
 ^ovg. 
 
 Voc. va\j. 
 
 l3ou. 
 
 Gen. vaog^ or n(^g. 
 
 l36og (or /Sooc). 
 
 Bat. vat. 
 
 /3o/. 
 
 Ace. vavv. 
 
 jSovv. 
 
 Dual 
 
 
 N.V.A, mg. 
 
 136s. 
 
 G.D, vdoiv^ or vsoTv. 
 
 [36oiv. 
 
 Plural 
 
 
 N.V. vasg, or vUg. 
 
 Bosg. 
 
 Gen. vaojVj or vsojv. 
 
 jSoCfJV. 
 
 * Bat. vavffi. 
 
 3o\j(fi. 
 
 Ace. vdag, va\jg. 
 
 jSoag, [3o\Jg. 
 
 7. Nouns of this declension in ag pure or ^a$ are de- 
 clined thus :-— 
 
 TO xs^ocg^ a horn. 
 
 N.V.A. TiiPag. 
 
 Gen. zs^arog^ xs^aog, or Tts^c^jg. 
 Bat. Kspars, yJ^a/, or xioa^ 
 
APPENDIX. 103 
 
 Dual. 
 N.V.A, xs^ars, xi^af.^ or nz^a, 
 G. D. zs^dcro/v, xepdoiVj or xe^uiv. 
 
 FhcraL 
 N.V,a4, nz^ara^ xs^aa, or %s^a. 
 Gen. Ks^droov^ Ks^doov, or xs^cov. 
 Dat, xs^arstrtT/, xs^ccs^rc/, or xzpatjt, 
 
 8. Nouns of the third declension in w or wg are de- 
 clined thus : — 
 
 7] rixooj a sound. r} aldojg, shame. 
 
 Singular. 
 
 Norn. 7)xu). aldojg, 
 
 Voc. yjxoT. a/doZ 
 
 Gen. ri'/ioog^ ovg. aidoog^ ovg. 
 
 Dat. 7jk6/\ oT. a}d6'/\ oT. 
 
 Ace. 7]%6a^ w;. aJdSa^ w. 
 
 The dual and plural of words of this form, when the significa- 
 tion admits of any, are taken from nouns in og of the second de- 
 clension. 
 
 9. Many nouns of this declension form their oblique 
 cases from some other nominative than that in use ; thus, 
 '/vvri^ a woman, makes gen. yvvamog, dat. plu. yvvai^iy as 
 if from a nominative ylvai^. 
 
 IREEGULAE ADJECTIVES.— FIE^^T DECLENSION. — 
 
 (See Ex. 77.) 
 
 1. Adjectives of this declension that have two termi- 
 nations only (see Rem. 3, Ex. 77), are declined thus : — 
 
 65 ri d^dvdrog, rb dddvd.Tov^ immortal. 
 
 Singular. 
 Masc. and Fern. ^ Neiit. 
 
 Nom. d&dvdrog. d^dvdrov. 
 
 Voc, d&dvdTi. ddd,vdrov. 
 
 Gen. ddavdrov. ddavdrov, 
 
 Dat. ddavdroj. d^avarw. 
 
 Ace, dOdvdrov. dl)dmrov„ . 
 
104 
 
 2. 
 
 thus 
 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 
 
 Dual 
 
 
 Masc. and Fern. 
 
 
 Neut. 
 
 N.V*A. Mavdru), 
 
 
 d&avdroj. 
 
 G,D, d^avdroiv. 
 
 Tlural 
 
 d^CL)/droiV. 
 
 N,V, a^avoiroi. 
 
 
 d&dmra. 
 
 Gen. d^ai/a-rwv. 
 
 
 d^avdrMV. 
 
 Dat, Mavdrotg* 
 
 
 d^avdroig. 
 
 Ace, d^avdrovg. 
 
 
 d^dvdra. 
 
 Those in wg (see 
 
 Rem, 4, 
 
 Ex. 77) are declined 
 
 6, 7} sfj^'^'Xiug, TO sfL'TrXsMV, full. 
 
 
 Singular, 
 
 
 N,V, s/A'^rXgwg. 
 
 
 i[jj'7rXiUiv. 
 
 Gen, 'ifj^irXiOi. 
 
 
 €fi*7rXscit) 
 
 Dot, iiJ.'ir'ksu), 
 
 
 SfJj'XXZfx) 
 
 Ace, iii>m\im. 
 
 Dual. 
 
 'il^itXim. 
 
 N,V.A, i^'TtXiCf}. 
 
 
 g/Z/'TASW. 
 
 G, D, siJi^'TrXsoj]/. 
 
 FluraL 
 
 g,a'zrXgwi/, 
 
 N.V, sfjb^Xs(^j, 
 
 
 %{j,'7rXi(f), 
 
 Gen, l^'K'Xs(/)v, 
 
 
 'if/j'TtXim. 
 
 Dat, s[jj^Xiu)g, 
 
 
 ifjj^Xsu)g, 
 
 Ace. sfjj^Xsojg, 
 
 
 s^TrXiCf). 
 
 IRREGULAE ADJECTIVES.— SECOND DECLENSION.— 
 
 (See Ex. 82.) 
 
 1. Adjectives in /g, /, (see Rem. 3, Ex. 82,) are de- 
 clined thus : — 
 
 6, 7) s'j^d^ig. TO ixj-^dn^ gracious ^ joyouSy glad. 
 
 Si^mlar, 
 Nom. su-^d^ig. sv-^d^i. 
 
 Gen. i.h')(d^Tog. ihyjL^rog. 
 
 Dat, ihyjd^tTi. ihyd^trt. 
 
 Ace, ivy^d^trcc or -^iv, s^%^f' • 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 
 
 Dual. 
 
 
 Masc, and Fern. 
 
 
 Nent 
 
 N.F,A, ev^d^iTs. 
 
 
 sv^d^Trs. 
 
 G,D. sv^a^iroiv. 
 
 [Flural 
 
 sv^a^Irotv, 
 
 N.V, sv^d^Trsg, 
 
 
 sv^dpfroc. 
 
 Gen, shya^irm. 
 
 
 sv^a^ircfjv. 
 
 Dat» ev^d^Icfi. 
 
 
 ihyd^Jdi. 
 
 Ace, sv^d^irag. 
 
 
 ev'^d^ira. 
 
 105 
 
 2. Adjectives of this declension in ig have mostly the 
 genitive in iTog, but some make the genitive in /dog ; as 
 0, T} (piXoTTarpig^ to (piXo^arpi, gen, fiXo'irdrpthog^ " pa- 
 triotic." Tig has the genitive in rivog^ and is decHned 
 thus : — 
 
 0, 7] rig. 
 
 TO r/, a 
 
 Singular. 
 
 certain. 
 
 N.V. rig. 
 
 
 ri. 
 
 Gen, Tivog, 
 
 
 Tivdg. 
 
 Bat, rm. 
 
 
 TIU. 
 
 Ace, T/vd, 
 
 Dual. 
 
 ri. 
 
 \V,A. rivL 
 
 
 Tin, 
 
 G,D, rivm. 
 
 Plural. 
 
 TivoTv, 
 
 N.V, Tivsg, 
 
 
 Tivd. 
 
 Gen. rivcfjv. 
 
 
 'T/VOOV, 
 
 Bat, ri(fL 
 
 
 Tidi. 
 
 Ace, rivdg. 
 
 
 Tivd. 
 
 Besides the signification '^ a certain," tIq is equivalent to somej 
 any (see Eem. 1, Ex. 67). It is also an interrogative pronoun 
 (see Rem. 3, Ex. 78). When used as an adjective tIq is an enclitic, 
 but when used as a pronoun, it retains the accent, and the oblique 
 cases take the acute on the first syllable. 
 
 3. To this declension also belong compounds of ToDg, 
 'irobog^ ** a foot/* as o, ri di'jroug^ to ^/Vouv, (/en, hi^obog 
 ace. di'TTovv^ " biped ;" o, ri, ToA-jTroug, to -roXuTeuv, gen, 
 'jroXu^odog, " many-footed." 
 
106 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 
 IRREGULAR ADJECTIVES.—THIRD DECLENSION.— 
 (See Ex. 85.) 
 
 1. Adjectives in 
 are declined thus : 
 
 a;, aiva^ av, (see 
 (j^iXag^ black. 
 
 Hem. 2, Ex. 85), 
 
 Masc. 
 
 Nom, /xsXag, 
 Voc. ijjsXolv or ■ 
 Gen, [J^sXdvog^ 
 Dat. [hiXavi, 
 Ace, [jjiXdva^ 
 
 Singular, 
 Fern. 
 [jjsXaiva^ 
 •ag, fjbsXaiv&,j 
 f/jsXatvYig^ 
 /jbsXahrj, 
 fji^sXahaVy 
 
 Hual. 
 
 Neut. 
 [/jiXav, 
 (jAXclv, 
 fjbsXdvog. 
 fJbsXaivt, 
 [/jiXav. 
 
 N,V,A.[J.iXavi^ 
 G.D. (jjzXdvoiv, 
 
 fjbsXaim, 
 fLsXcx,ivaiv^ 
 
 Tlural. 
 
 (jjiXdvz, 
 /tisXdmk 
 
 N.V, ///sXavgg, 
 Gen, [jjiXdvm^ 
 Dat, [jjiXd6i^ 
 Ace, [jjsXdvag^ 
 
 /jbsXaivaty 
 /MXaivuVy 
 /j^sXccivatgy 
 (j^sXaivccg^ 
 
 fisXdm, 
 fjbsXdvotiv. 
 tMsXa(^t. 
 fjbsXdva. 
 
 2. Adjectives in 
 are declined thus :- 
 
 . hig, h(S6a^ hv (see Rem. 2, Ex. 85), 
 
 
 Xf^P'^'h graceful. 
 
 
 
 Singular. 
 
 
 Norn, %af/2/^, ^a^/gtro-a, 
 Voc, ;)^af'/s/g or hv^ x^P'-^^^^j 
 Gen. ;)(^a^/gi/ro;, x^P''^^^^^> 
 Dat. ;/a/?/si/r/, x^P'^^^^h 
 Ace. ;;^a^/2i^ra, x^P'^^^^^y 
 
 XfX'pkv. 
 Xccphv. 
 
 X<^pkyrog, 
 
 XtX'pkWi. 
 
 Xccp^^v. 
 
 
 Dual. 
 
 
 N.V. A, ;^ap/£!/rg, 
 
 
 yapihri. 
 Xccpisvroiv. 
 

 APPENDIX. 
 
 ] 
 
 
 riural. 
 
 
 Masc. 
 
 Fem. 
 
 Neut. 
 
 N.V. x^^^^vrsg. 
 Gen, "^a^isvTMv^ 
 Dat, ya^is(^t, 
 Ace, ya^nvrag. 
 
 'ycc^h66CClj 
 
 y^a^ii^cSaig^ 
 ya^is(f (fag, 
 
 yoL^iivra, 
 
 3. The adjective 
 clined thus : — 
 
 TToig (see Rem. 2 
 
 , Ex. 85) is ( 
 
 'TTag, 
 
 ntdcsoL^ fitdv, every, 
 
 all. 
 
 N,V. cra^, 
 
 'KCL^a, 
 
 ntdv. 
 
 Gen. leoLvrdg^ 
 
 craCTjg, 
 
 (jtavrog. 
 
 Dat, ^avTi^ 
 Ace. 'TTOLvra^ 
 
 ^d(Sri, 
 ^a(fav, 
 
 Dual. 
 
 fjcavrU 
 <7:dv. 
 
 N,V,A. ^dvrsy 
 
 -ratfa, 
 
 irdvTi, 
 
 G,D, 'TrdvrotVj 
 
 ^TrdtjatVj 
 Flural 
 
 ^dvToiv, 
 
 N,V, 'TrdvTsg, 
 
 ita^ai, 
 
 cravra. 
 
 Gen. '^rdvrcavj 
 
 nra(sZiv, 
 
 'TcdvrcAiv. 
 
 Dat. 'xa6ij 
 
 itdtScLig, 
 
 crac/. 
 
 Ace. ntmrag^ 
 
 'jtddag, 
 
 fitdvra. 
 
 107 
 
 4. Contracted participles in wv (see Rem. 2, Ex. 85) 
 are declined thus : — 
 
 o/xa)v, (iZ(fcL, ovv, dwelling, living. 
 
 Singular. 
 N.V. o/'/iSMV {ojv), -sovffa {oZ(fa, -sov (^ovv). 
 
 Gen, ohsovrog (oijvrog), -sov(fy]g (oio'jjg), -sovrog (oyvrog)* 
 Dat. oJxsovTt (oDvr/), -zohtSri (^oh^ri), -sovrt (oDvr/), 
 
 Ace. oJ'^sovra (oDvra), -sovcfocv {oZ^av), -sov [ovv), 
 
 Duah 
 N.V. A. oIksovts (oDvrg), -goutfa (oucra), -eovrs {ovvrs). 
 G.D. olxiovToiv {ohvToiv), -iO'ixSoLiv (outfa/v), -sovroiv {obvroiv). 
 
108 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Flural, 
 Masc. Fern. Neut. 
 
 N.V, o/KsovTsg (oDvrgg), 4ov(rai (ov(fa/), -sovra (ovvra). 
 
 Gen. oixiovrcuv {ovvrojv), -zoxj^oov (ovc>ojv)^ -sSvrcov (ovvrm) 
 
 Ace, otTisovrag {ouvrag)^ -soicrag (oicag), -sovra {ovvra), 
 
 5. Participles in ng, u/a, og^ likewise belong to this 
 declension, and are declined thus :— 
 
 rBTv<pujg, vTa, 6g, having struck. 
 
 
 
 bmgular. 
 
 
 NT. 
 
 rsrv(p(A}gj 
 
 rsrvowa, 
 
 rsrv(p6g. 
 
 Gen. 
 
 Tsrv(p6rog^ 
 
 TSTV(pv/ag, 
 
 rsTV(p6rog 
 
 Dat, 
 
 rirvq)6ri^ 
 
 TSTV(DvIcc, 
 
 rsTV(p6r/, 
 
 Ace, 
 
 rgrupoVa, 
 
 Dual. 
 
 rervf)6g. 
 
 ]S,F,A, 
 
 rsrupoVs, 
 
 TBTV(pvia^ 
 
 nrvfoTS. 
 
 G,D. 
 
 rir\)(p6roiVj 
 
 Flural. 
 
 Tsrvforoiv 
 
 NT, 
 
 rtrvforsgj 
 
 rsrvfvTai^ 
 
 Tsrv(p6roc. 
 
 Gen, 
 
 rsrv(p6TCt)y^ 
 
 TSTVfVIMV, 
 
 Tsrv(p6rcfjv. 
 
 Dat, 
 
 rsToofocri, 
 
 r£TV(pv{aig^ 
 
 TBrv(p6(^t, 
 
 Ace. 
 
 nrvforagj 
 
 Tsrv(pviag^ 
 
 rsrvfora. 
 
 6, Adjectives of one termination for all three genders 
 (see Rem. 3, Ex. 85) are dechned like nouns of the third 
 declension, Ex. — 
 
 6, ?5j ^^ fj^dxa^^ blessed. 
 
 Dual, Flural. 
 
 Masc, Fern., and Neut. 
 
 N,V, /idxa^. 
 Gen. fidxa^og^ 
 Dat, /j^dxd^ij 
 Ace, /Adcxoc^a, 
 
 N.V. A, /ubdzd^s, 
 G,D. (jjaxd^oiv. 
 
 N,V, /iidxoi^eg. 
 Gen. /Jbaxd^Cfjv. 
 Dat, fjjdxoi^ai. 
 Ace. fhdocd^ag. 
 
 Though. fxcLKap may be used with nouns of all genders, it is 
 better to use with feminine and neuter nouns some other adjective 
 of the fsame signification that has forms for these genders. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 109 
 
 ADJECTIYES.— COMPARISON.— (See Ex. 52 and 54.) 
 
 1. The comparative is formed by adding rspog to the 
 positive ; the superlative, by adding rarogy as /uLUTcap^ 
 " blessed," fiaTtdpripog, /naxaprocTog. 
 
 Those in og and vg drop the g before these terminations, as tV- 
 SoKogf " glorious," kvdo^oTtpog^ evdo^orarog. 
 
 When the penult vowel is short, o is changed into o>, as ^povifiogy 
 ** prudent/' ^povLfiMrepoc, (ppovifnoTarog. 
 
 Adjectives in ag^ and rjg, annex the terminations to the 
 neuter, as jisXagf ixkXaiva^ fisXaVf " black," fis\dvTspog, fisXdv- 
 TaTog ; <7a(prjg, eg, " clear," aacpkarepog, (Tatperrrarog. 
 
 Those in eig take earepog, eararogy as x^pieig, " graceful," 
 j(^apd(Tr€pog, x^piicrrarog. 
 
 Those in rjv and (ov annex ecTTspogf eGrarog to the neuter, as 
 rw^pwv, oj/, " temperate," (Tio(ppov8aTepog, (Tiixppcvitrrarog f rkprjVy 
 iv^ *' tender," repfWcrrEpog, repevEfrrarog. 
 
 Most words in 4 take torapoy, iararog, as (3Xd^ (pXaKg), 
 ^^ ioolish " pXaKitTTepog, j3XaKi(7TaTog; dpTra^ {lipirayg), "rapa- 
 cious," apTrayicFTepogs dpnayiGTarog, 
 
 2. Some form the comparative by adding /wv, and the 
 superlative by adding /Crog, as yXvTcvg^ " sweet," yXux/wv, 
 yXvKkrog. Many of these, hov^rever, are likewise com- 
 pared regularly, as yXvKvrs^og, yXvTthrarog, 
 
 3. The following are irregular in one or both the de- 
 grees : — 
 
 Positive. 
 
 ayadog^ good. 
 
 TMjU^y bad. 
 
 Comparative. 
 \ x.ax,u)TS^og, 
 
 Superlative. 
 
 ci^KSrog. 
 ^sXriarog. 
 
 x^aTidrog, 
 
 'ku)6Tog. 
 
 xdxKfrog, 
 KaKojrarog, 
 
 K 
 
110 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Positive. 
 
 voXvg, much. 
 
 /jbiK^og^ little. 
 
 zKayjjg^ small, < 
 fjjiyag^ great. \ 
 
 /xax^og, lo7ig. 
 
 TtaXog^ heautifuL 
 a/V;)^^o^5 shameful, 
 
 oiKT^ogj miserable, 
 
 oXiyog, few, 
 
 '/(Tog, equal, 
 \ahi(*ig^ easy. 
 
 Comparative. 
 'TrXsicfJv^ 
 
 /Mix^ors^og, 
 
 sXdc>(rMV^ 
 sXct^iojv^ 
 
 1 
 
 hXtyidnpog, I 
 
 Supedativo. 
 
 'TrXsTsrog. 
 [jjihrog, 
 TJXKfrog, 
 (jjiTt^orarog, 
 
 iXdy^K^Tog, 
 
 {jjiyidrog 
 
 /Lodxtctrog, 
 
 fjjTlXKSrog, 
 
 xdXXt6Tog. 
 
 (^[(Syj^Tog. 
 
 ly^^idrog. 
 '^X^poTarog, 
 
 o'tZTK^TOg. 
 
 hXiyi^rarog. 
 hXiyt6Tog, 
 
 idairarog. 
 
 2^ai6rog, 
 
 NOUNS.— ACCENTS.— (See Ex. 24.) 
 
 1. The acute accent may stand on the last syllable 
 (the ultima), on the last but one (the penultima), or on 
 the last but two (the antepenultima) . It cannot, how- 
 ever, stand on the antepenultima if the last syllable is 
 long, hence arise the following general laws: — 
 
 1. When the acute stands on the antepenult, and the last sylla- 
 ble of the word is lengthened, the accent must be carried a 
 syllable forward, Ex. : — 
 
 Nom. dvOpioTTOQj a man. 
 Gen. avQcuoTTov. 
 
APPENDIX, 111 
 
 (2) Diphthongs are long, but at and oi, when final in nouns, are 
 reckoned short unless followed by a consonant, Ex. : — 
 
 iVbm. Sinff. avOpojuTog. 
 Nom. Flu, dvOpcoTToi. 
 Dat, Flu. avQp(jj7roig, 
 
 (3) So when the last syllable of a word, having an acute on 
 the penult, is shortened, the accent falls back, Ex. : — 
 
 Nom. Masc. ev^aifi(jJVy happy. 
 N'om. JVeut. tvdai^ov. 
 
 2. The circumflex can only stand over the ultima or 
 penultima, and as this accent is supposed to indicate some 
 contraction it can only be placed upon a long vowel, hence 
 the following general principles. 
 
 (1) If the last syllable of a word is long, and the accent falla 
 upon the penult, it will be acuted, as 'Aaid. But if the last 
 syllable be short and the penult long, the word will be cir- 
 cumflexed, as (TMfid. 
 
 (2) So when a long penult is acuted, and the final syllable short- 
 ened, the acute is changed into a circumflex. Ex, : — 
 
 Kom. Sing. arpariioTrjg, a soldier. 
 Voc. Sing. arrpariioTa. 
 Nom, Flu. ffTpaTLoJTaL. 
 
 (3) And vice versa, Ex. — 
 
 Nom. Sing. TavpoQt a bull. 
 Gen. Sing, tavpov. 
 Gen. Flu. ravpujif. 
 
 (4) Since a circumflex cannot stand over the antepenultima, the 
 circumflex becomes an acute, when a word circumflexed on the 
 penult takes an additional syllable, Ex. :— 
 
 Nom. (Tojfia. 
 Gen. awfiaroq. 
 
 3. In declining the nouns the follov\ring special rules 
 will have to be observed. 
 
 (1) The genitive plural of the first declension has always a cir- 
 cumflex on the final syllable, as al rjixepai^ nov rjfjLSpcjv. Ex- 
 cept the feminine of adjectives in oc accented on the antepenult, 
 as (iyiOQj *'holy,"/^m. ayia. ay'nov. 
 
 (2) In words of the second declension, when an acute falls on the 
 penult and the ultima is short, the accent remains unchanged 
 through all the cases : Ex. to ^vXov, '• a wood," to, 4'i'Xa, 
 Tujv ^vXvjv. 
 
 K 2 
 
112 ArPENDIX, 
 
 (3) In words of the first and second declensions, acuted on Wie 
 last syllable, the circumflex takes the place of the acute in the 
 genitive and dative singular, dual, and plural, as rtfi??, rt/xijt*, 
 rt/x^, Tifiatv.f Tifialg. With the exception of the forms in ujg. 
 
 (4) Monosyllabic nouns of the third declension take the accent 
 on the final syllable of the genitive and dative of all the num- 
 bers, as Kvijjv, Kvvog. The same transposition occurs in words 
 syncopated, as dvrjpy dvdpogf and in yvvrj, yvvaiicogy yvvaiKif 
 but y wot Keg, 
 
 NOUNS— QUANTITY.-(See Ex. 24.) 
 1. As regards the quantity of the doubtful vowels a, 
 /, V, in nouns, the following general rules may be stated. 
 
 One vowel before another is short, as in dypXog, "a field/' 
 There are, however, some exceptions to this rule, as for ex- 
 ample in 'AyrjaiXdoQ. 
 
 A vowel before two consonants, or one of the doubles, is long, 
 as in dyaXfia^ ^' an ornament.'' Under such circumstances 
 the vowel is said to be long by position. 
 Before some combinations of consonants, however, as /cX, 
 the vowel may continue short, e. g, OefjLKTTdicXrjg. 
 
 A contracted vowel, or a vowel under the circumflex accent, is 
 long, as in Opg^Kyjg, TiTdvog^ gen. of Tirdv. 
 
 In derivatives the vowels generally have the same quantity as in 
 the primitives, e, g. Tiixr]^ '* honour," arlfiog, *' dishonoured." 
 
 In some words the vowels are sometimes short and sometimes 
 long, as in the verse rd fjnij KccXd KoXd 7:k<pavTaiy *' the bril- 
 liant deeds have not appeared brilliant.'* 
 
 Comparatives in twj/, as KaKiojv, ** worse," have the * long in the 
 Attic dialect and short in all the others. 
 
 When the penult syllable of a word is circumflexed the last syl- 
 lable is short, as in fiovad^ " a song ;" when the penult is 
 acuted the final syllable is long, as in wpa, ** an hour." 
 
 2. First Declension. 
 
 The termination a, gen. rig, is always short, as in r/oaTrt^a, " a 
 table." 
 
 The termination a, gen. ag^ is mostly long, as in x«pa» " joy.** 
 
 The termination a of dissyllables in fia is long, as in X|0^*«> 
 ** want," but short in dissyllables as dXrfOndy " truth;'* except 
 derivatives from verbs asTropeia, "a journey," from 7retpa>, " I 
 pierce." So (SauiXeid, "a queen," from ^amXtvg^ "a king,*' 
 but paaiXiidt *'a kingdom," from ^aaiXiVM^ "I rule." 
 
 Polysyllables in oia have likewise the a commonly short, e. g. 
 avoids '^ madness." 
 
APPENDIX. 113 
 
 So feminine appellatives of more than two syllables, as in 
 TToirfTpid, *' poetry;" and the feminine adjective Trdrvid, "re- 
 vered." 
 
 In the termination ag of the gen. sing, and ace. plu. the a is 
 always long, e. g. "n^ipa, " a day," rjfjispdg. 
 
 The ace. sing, in av follows the nominative, as in TaiildQ^ " a 
 steward," ace. Ta^idv\ fxavad^ ace. fiovaav. 
 
 In the dative, singular, and dual, a final is always long : Ex. ry 
 rjfisp^, no veaviq^. The dual of the feminine article has like- 
 wise the a long. 
 
 In the vocative, nouns in ag have the a long, but nouns in tjg 
 have the a short, e.g. veaviag^ " a youth," voc. vtavid; KpiTrjgj 
 " a judge," Kpira, 
 
 3. Second Declension. 
 
 Adjectives in oc pure or poc accented on the antepenult, have 
 the termination a of the feminine long, as in liyiog, **holy,'* 
 fem. ay id. 
 
 4. Third Declension. 
 
 The last syllable of nominative has generally the same quantity 
 
 as the penult of genitive, Ex. — rpavixd, Tpavfidrogj " a 
 
 wound," KYiXig^ KrjXlSogy "a freckle," Kopvg, KopvOog, "a 
 
 helmet.'* 
 The terminations of the cases in a, ag, and t, are always short, 
 
 e. g. Xswj/, " a lion," XkovrX^ Xiovra^ Xkovrdg^ Xsovat. But 
 
 in nouns in evq and mostly in those in icXrjg, the ace. eay with 
 
 a few exceptions, has the a long, Ex. /SacnXevg, ace, ^aaiXid^ 
 
 *RpaKXiig, " Hercules,'' ace. ^RpaKXsd. 
 The dative plurals of syncopated nouns have the a short, as in 
 
 Trarpdffi, dvdpaGi, ixrjTpd(n. 
 Genitives in avog, ivog, vvog (except fxkXdvog, ToXdvog,) have 
 
 always the penult long, e. g, naiaVf Traiavog^ "a hymn in 
 
 praise of Apollo," deXcpiv, deXtplvog, "a dolphin." 
 Nouns that have og pure in the genitive (except ypaog, from 
 
 ypavg) have the penult short, as in o(f)ig, o^tof, "a serpent." 
 Neuter nouns in re, ag^ ap have a in the penult of genitive short, 
 
 as aCjfJia, (TcjjJLdrog, 'Uhe body," /cpsag, Kpedrog, "flesh," 
 
 vsKrapy vkKTcipogy "nectar," 
 So have masculine and feminine nouns in ag^ as in JlaXXa^, 
 
 IlaXXa^oC) * Minerva." 
 Likewise nouns in ^, and generally those in ^, as dpa-ij/i dpdfSogf 
 
 "an Arab," KoXat, KoXatcog, " a flatterer." 
 Also masculines and feminines in ap (except ^ap), as ficiKap, 
 
 fidKupoq, "blessed." 
 
 K 3 
 
lU 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Neuter nouns have i in the increment of the genitive short, Ex. 
 
 fiiXij fisXiToQj " honey/* 
 Also feminines and masculines, that are not accented on the last 
 
 syllable, in idog and iro^, as "Epig, "Epldog, " the Goddess of 
 
 Discord." 
 So ferainines in iSog accented on final syllable, as irarpigy Tra- 
 
 TpXSoQj " one's country/' 
 Most nouns in vp have v short in the penult of genitive, as 
 
 fidprvpy fidprvpogj "a witness.'* 
 
 CONJUGATION OF THE VERB. 
 
 The verbs vary in termination to indicate Time, Mood, 
 and Person, thus : — 
 
 Xiw, I loose. 
 
 
 ACTIVE VOICE. 
 
 
 Indicative Mood. 
 
 
 Present Tense. 
 
 Imperfect. 
 I loosed or 
 
 Future. 
 
 I loose. 
 
 was loosing. 
 
 / will loose 
 
 ^CUt P. Xi c,, 
 
 IX'o ovj 
 
 XJ (SO). 
 
 |*<( 2nd. Xv ug, 
 
 sXu gg. 
 
 Xx) (Tsig. 
 
 iX'o s, 
 
 Xv (Sit. 
 
 i^ flsL Xu 0/A2V, 
 
 hX\) o(JjZV^ 
 
 X\j aofj^sv. 
 
 ^< 2nd. Xv srs, 
 
 IXv 27-2, 
 
 X'j (Ssrs. 
 
 P l^Srd. X{) o'j(ri, 
 
 iXv ov, 
 
 Xv 60\)6l. 
 
 tJ r 2nd, X'j sTov, 
 
 sX'j STOV, 
 
 XJ (Tsrov. 
 
 t\3rd. X'j STov, 
 
 SXV STTjV, 
 
 Xu (TSTOV, 
 
 Aorist. 
 
 Perfect. 
 
 Pluperfect. 
 
 I loosed. 
 
 / have loosed. 
 
 I had loosed. 
 
 f Ist P. 'iXv (Ta, 
 
 XsXv ;ca, 
 
 IXsXv TiStV. 
 
 < 2nd. iXu (fag. 
 
 XsX'j Tcag, 
 
 sXsXJ Tiitg, 
 
 \^3rd. sXv tf^s, 
 
 XiX'j ;t2, 
 
 sXiXJ Tin. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 115 
 
 Aorist. 
 ^< 2nd. gXii (Tars, 
 
 t^ / 2nd. 
 ?- 1 3r J. 
 
 
 Perfect. 
 XsXv zdfjjsv, 
 XsXv Koirs^ 
 XsXxj %d6ij 
 
 XsXx) xdroVj 
 XsXv xdrovy 
 
 Present. 
 
 loose. 
 cc r 2nd P. Xv g, 
 cp \ 3rd. Xv sTCfj, 
 
 F I 3rd. 
 p- 1 3rd. 
 
 XV STSj 
 
 Xv srwcav, 
 
 X'J STOV^ 
 
 Xv STMV, 
 
 Present. 
 I may loose. 
 
 Impeeative Mood. 
 
 Aorist. 
 have loosed. 
 
 Xv 6ov^ 
 Xv (sdr(fiy 
 
 Xv cars, 
 Xv 6dT0)6av. 
 
 Xv (^droVj 
 Xv (Sdrc/jv. 
 
 SuBJTJKCTivE Mood. 
 Aorist. 
 
 5^< 2nd. 
 
 ^ r 1st. 
 
 ^< 2nd. 
 P\3rd. 
 
 ^j2nd. 
 p 1 3rd. 
 
 Xv w, 
 
 Xv 71^ 
 
 Xv M/Ji^sVj 
 
 Xv Tjrs, 
 
 Xu >jroi/, 
 
 Xv (fou, 
 
 Xv (Tjjg, 
 
 Xu (r?3, 
 
 Xu cco/^gVj 
 
 Xu (TTjrg, 
 
 Xu (TWC/, 
 
 Xu 6riroVy 
 
 Xv (TriroVj 
 
 Optative Mood. 
 
 Present. 
 I might loose. 
 ^ f 1st P, Xv ot/j,/, 
 |*<^ 2nd. Xv 0/^, 
 [^3rd, Xv 01, 
 
 Pluperfect, 
 
 iXsXv Xil/JLSV, 
 sXsXv KSlTi. 
 
 sXsXv Tiiidav* 
 
 eXiXv KsiTov. 
 IXeXv Ttiirriv, 
 
 Perfect. 
 have loosed. 
 
 XsXv Ke. 
 
 XsXv Ksrcf). 
 
 XsXv %srs. 
 
 XsXv %iT(fi(Sa>i. 
 
 XsXv TiiTOV. 
 XsXv KSTOJV, 
 
 Perfect. 
 
 XsXii xco. 
 XsXv Tcrjg. 
 
 XsXv XT}. 
 
 XsXv xcijfjbsv, 
 
 XsXv XY^TS. 
 
 XsJ.v Tio^di. 
 
 XsXv xrirov, 
 XsX'- xrjTov, 
 
 Future. 
 would loose* 
 
 Xv (TOifMi, 
 
 Xv cfotg, 
 Xv (TOl, 
 
116 
 
 APPEJ^DIX. 
 
 Present. 
 
 )~^ f 1st P. Xv 01(Jj2V^ 
 
 ^ I 2nd, XJ oin^ 
 r" [^3rc?. Xii o/sv, 
 '^ j 2nd, Xi) 017 ov J 
 p. 1^ ^rd, Xv oirTjVj 
 Aorist. 
 f 1st P, Xv (^atfjbi, 
 5< 2nd, 
 
 ISrd, 
 2 fist. 
 n < 2nd. 
 ^ISrd. 
 
 2nd. 
 
 3rd. 
 
 Xu 6ai7i^ 
 
 Xv datTOVj 
 Xxi (Sairriv^ 
 
 Future. 
 
 Xu <SOl[MV^ 
 
 X\) (foirs, 
 X'J (To/sv. 
 Xv (Soirov, 
 X'J 6oiT7iV, 
 
 Perfect. 
 X?Xu xoifLi, 
 XsX'j Ko/g, 
 XsX'j xoi, 
 
 XsXv KOlfLiV, 
 XsXu XOITS, 
 
 XsXv %oisv. 
 XsXu zoirov. 
 XsXv xoiryjv. 
 
 Infinitive ^ Mood. 
 
 Present Tense, Xv nv, to loose. 
 
 Future „ X-j (rs/i/, about to loose. 
 
 Aorist 5, Xv (Ta/, to have loosed. 
 
 Perfect „ XsXv xsvaij to have loosed. 
 
 Pakticiples. 
 
 Masc. 
 
 Pi^esent Tense, Xv ojv, 
 Future 5, XiJ (SCfjv, 
 Aorist „ Xv (Tag, 
 
 Perfect „ XsXd xgj^, 
 
 Fern. Neut. 
 
 'Ovda, 'Ov, loosing. 
 
 -cou^roc, -cov, about loosing. 
 
 -cdctra, -cai/, having loosed. 
 
 'XvTa, -JcoV, having loosed. 
 
 These are declined like adjectives of 3rd declension. 
 
 PASSIVE VOICE. 
 
 Indicative Mood. 
 
 Present Tense. Imperfect. 
 
 I am loosed, I was loosed. 
 
 1st P. Xu o/Jba/j iXv o/ubrjv, 
 
 2nd. Xv yj, \Xv ov, 
 
 3rd. X'J sra/, iXv iro. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 117 
 
 Present. 
 
 1*^ P. 
 
 2nd, 
 
 3rd. 
 
 1st, 
 
 27id, 
 
 3rd. 
 
 Xv O/JjSdoVf 
 
 Xu sc^ov, 
 Xu s(Shv, 
 
 Future. 
 I will be loosed, 
 ( \st P. Xv j^^tfp/xa/^. 
 } 2nd, Xu dy}(^^i' 
 ( 3?'d, Xv drjffsraiy 
 { 1st, Xv ^?5(ro/>£/S^a, 
 ( 2nd, Xv &ri6i(sk^ 
 ( 3rd. Xv d'/}(SovTaiy 
 
 !lst, Xv Qri(i6[iikv^ 
 2nd. Xv k/]6i6kv^ 
 3rd, Xv d7)(fi(fdoVy 
 
 Imperfect. 
 iXv 6/Meda. 
 sXv idk, 
 kXv ovro. 
 sXv 6/Msdov. 
 sXv s<rkv. 
 eXv gc^Tjv. 
 
 Aorist. 
 1 was loosed. 
 
 IXv hiv. 
 
 iXv dyjg, 
 iXv dv}. 
 
 iXv k/i(JjiV. 
 
 sXv ^rjTS^ 
 
 y^V Q7l<S0LV, 
 
 IXv drirov, 
 sXv dyjTrjv. 
 
 Perfect. Pluperfect. Paulo Post Future. 
 I had been loosed. I will have been loosed^ 
 
 1st P. XsXv ///«/, sXsXv [jjYiVy XsXv cofLai. 
 
 2nd, XsXv Ca/, eXsXv (To, XsXv (f/j. 
 
 3rd. XsXv ra/, sXsXv ro^ XsXv dsrai, 
 
 1st. XsXv /ubsda, sXsXv /ubsda^ XsXv (fofisda. 
 
 2nd. XsXv c^s, sXsXv crdsj XsXv (Ssak. 
 
 3rd. XsXv vrai^ \7^sXv vro^ ,XsXv (Sovrai. 
 
 \st. XsXv (jjskv^ sTksXv f/jsdov^ XsXv ffofLsdov. 
 
 2nd. XsXv (f&ovj sXsXv cdoVy XsXv tfsc^ov. 
 
 3rd. XsXv (Shv^ sXsXv (T^/jv, XsXu dsishv. 
 
 m 
 
 5' 
 
 Present Tense, 
 be loosed, 
 i 2nd P, Xv oy, 
 ] 3rd, Xv sc^w, 
 
 Imperative Mood. 
 
 Aorist. 
 be loosed, 
 Xv 6riri^ 
 Xv dyjTOjj 
 
 Perfect. 
 be loosed. 
 
 XsXv Co. 
 XsXv tf^w. 
 
11 
 
 8 
 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 
 
 Present Tense. 
 
 Aorist. 
 
 Perfect. 
 
 
 r 2w^ P. Xu gc^s, 
 
 Xv drjTs^ 
 Xv &7]r(^<sav^ 
 
 XsXv (fds. 
 XsXv <sQc*i6a\i 
 
 
 
 X'j g(r^ov, 
 
 Xv ^TjTOV^ 
 
 Xv dyjTMv^ 
 
 XsXv (fOov. 
 XsXv 6Qm. 
 
 
 
 Subjunctive Mood. 
 
 
 
 Present Tense. 
 
 Aorist. 
 
 Perfect. 
 
 
 I may 
 
 be loosed. 
 
 
 
 
 f l5^ P. 
 ( 2nd. 
 
 Xv 7}, 
 X6 TtTai, 
 
 Xv doj, 
 Xv &fig, 
 Xv ^Pj 
 
 XsXvfjbsvog H. 
 XeXvjUbswg fig. 
 XsXvfMsvog ^. 
 
 
 ri5t 
 
 ^ 2nd, 
 
 XU W/jJ/S^OC, 
 
 Xv y}(fh, 
 Xv Cfjvraty 
 
 Xv $CO/J!.SVj 
 
 Xv 6riTS^ 
 
 Xv &cij6t^ 
 
 XsXvfjbsvoi w/Asv. 
 
 XsXvfJbSVOl ^TS. 
 XsXvfLSVOl U)6l. 
 
 
 (Ut. 
 { 2nd. 
 L3r^. 
 
 X'j dofjbsdov^ 
 Xv ^jc^ov, 
 
 X6 7}(S0oVj 
 
 Xv driTOv^ 
 Xv ^yjTov, 
 
 XiXv/Msvot) rjTov, 
 XiXvfMVCfj Tjrov. 
 
 
 
 Optatiye Mood, 
 
 
 
 Present Tense. 
 
 Future. 
 
 Aorist. 
 
 J Twi^A^ ^ 
 
 be loosed. 
 
 
 
 
 r i5i p. 
 
 [3rd. 
 
 , Xv 01[JjYIV^ 
 
 Xv 010^ 
 
 Xv oiro^ 
 
 Xv ^yj(foi/ut.yjVy 
 Xv drj(^oio, 
 Xv ^7i6oiro^ 
 
 Xv kiriv. 
 Xv kiYig. 
 Xv h/rj. 
 
 
 <^ 2nd. 
 
 i:^rd. 
 
 Xv O/fJjS&CC, 
 
 Xv oiffOs^ 
 Xv oivro^ 
 
 Xv Qri6oi[Jji&a^ 
 Xv ^7j(roiG>hy 
 Xv drjffoivro^ 
 
 Xv ^s/rjfjbsv. 
 Xv ^sirjTS, 
 Xv &iiri(Sav, 
 
 
 fUtP 
 { 2nd. 
 ISrd, 
 
 . Xv Oi/JjSdoVj 
 
 Xv oi(Sdov^ 
 
 Xv O/V^TJV, 
 
 Xv dri(fo//jbshv^ 
 Xv d7]c>oi(S^ovj 
 Xv ^y}6oici9r,Vj 
 
 >•» kirirov. 
 Xv tlsi7]rrtV. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 119 
 
 Perfect 
 
 /Ist P. XiXvfJbsvog si'/jv^ 
 
 2ad, XsX'j^svog sirig, 
 
 XsXvfjbsvog siyjy 
 
 '' ISrd. 
 
 ,fUt. 
 ^<{ 2nd. 
 ^{Srd. 
 
 ^ ( 1.^. 
 
 2nd, 
 
 ^ > 3rd. 
 
 XsXvfJbsvoi st'/j/xsi/, 
 
 XiXvfJ^SVOJ 
 
 XsXv/j^svCfj 
 
 Sterol/, 
 
 Paulo Post Future. 
 
 XsX'J C)0/f/l,Yl\i, 
 XsX'J 6010, 
 
 XsXv (jotro, 
 
 XbXv (^o//ubsdcc, 
 XsXu (foi()h, 
 
 XsX'J 601)170, 
 
 XsXu 60ifJLsd0V, 
 XsX'J 6016^0]^, 
 
 XiXu 6oi6^r)v, 
 
 Present Tense. 
 Future, 
 Aorist, 
 Perfect, 
 
 Infij^^itive Mood. 
 
 X\j z6&cii^ 
 Xv QYi6i6&ai^ 
 Xv ^Yjvaiy 
 XsXu 6&ai^ 
 
 to be loosed, 
 about to be loosed, 
 to have been loosed, 
 to have been loosed. 
 
 Second Future, XsXu 6i6&at. about to be loosed. 
 
 Participles. 
 
 Present, Xv o/ji^svog, -^1^ -ov^ being loosed. 
 
 Future, Xv dri66iJ.svog^ -ri, oi/, about being loosed. 
 
 Aorist, Xv kig^ -k76a^ -^sv, loosed. 
 
 Perfect. X%>:u /asvoc, -?j, -ov, having been loosed, 
 
 P. P. Future, XsXv co/z/si/o^, -rj, -ov, about being loosed. 
 
 MIDDLE VOICE. 
 Indicative Mood. Imperative Mood. 
 
 Future. Aorist. Aorist. 
 
 7 will loose myself. I loosed myself loose thyself, 
 ( 1*^ P. X'j 6o[Mai^ \Xv 6aihYiv, 
 
 2nd. 
 
 XU ^Tjy 
 
 sXu 60J, 
 
 Xu ca/. 
 
 3rd. 
 
 Xu Csra/, 
 
 kXii (faro. 
 
 Xv 6dts&(f», 
 
120 
 
 APPET^DIX. 
 
 g < 2nd. 
 ^ ISrd. 
 
 Ind. Future. 
 
 Xu (^OVTOCl^ 
 
 Xv <ro///S^ot/, 
 
 Xv (Si(SQo]>^ 
 
 Xv csc^oi/. 
 
 Subjunctive Mood. 
 Aorist. 
 1st P. Xv (Soiihai. 
 
 aq I 
 
 3rd. 
 
 1st. 
 2nd. 
 P f Srd. 
 
 XlJ 671, 
 
 Xv 67irai, 
 Xv (Tojfjbsda. 
 
 Xv 67l6k. 
 
 Xv 6ojvrai. 
 
 1st. Xv (TujfLshv. 
 2nd. Xv 6ri6kv. 
 Srd. Xv 67i(rdov. 
 
 Aorist. 
 IXv (Sd/m^sda. 
 eXv 6a(Sk. 
 IXv cavTo. 
 
 sXv (jdfjusOov, 
 iXv oaffdov. 
 sXv (fdff^Tjv, 
 
 Optative 
 
 Future. 
 Xv ^oifjbr^v^ 
 Xv (foio^ 
 
 Xv coZ/jJ-s^a, 
 Xv 60l6k^ 
 
 Xv 60lVT0^ 
 
 Xv (foifj^skvj 
 Xv cfoidhvj 
 Xv 6oi6&riV^ 
 
 Imp. Aorist. 
 
 Xv (Sack. 
 Xv 6d<sQoii(SOLV» 
 
 Xv (Sa6kv. 
 Xv (fd^&Cfjv. 
 
 Mood. 
 
 Aorist. 
 
 Xv ^aifLfjv. 
 Xv 6aio. 
 Xv Cairo. 
 
 Xv (i€ti[jji6oc. 
 Xv Catck. 
 Xv caivro, 
 
 Xv cai/j^skv. 
 Xv CoLidkv. 
 Xv (Saic&Yiv. 
 
 Infinitive Mood. 
 
 Future. Xv csc^a/, about to loose one's self. 
 Aorist* Xv (Sac^at. to have loosed one's self. 
 
 Participles. 
 
 Future. Xv (i6[j.zvog^ -ri-^ -ov, about loosing one's self. 
 Aorist. Xv cd/j^svog, -^, -ov, having loosed one's self. 
 
 With the exception of the Future and Aorist Tenses, 
 the forms of this Voice are precisely the same as those 
 of the Passive. 
 
APPENDIX. 121 
 
 REMAEKS ON THE CONJUGATION OF THE 
 VERB. 
 
 1. It will be observed on referring to the table, that 
 the Imperfect and Aorist tenses have an g prefixed, this 
 is termed the Syllabic Augment. In verbs that begin 
 with a vowel, no letter is added, but the initial vowel of 
 the verb itself is lengthened : a and s are changed into 
 >j, — into w, — ai into ri, — oi into w, — au into r^xj ; this is 
 termed the Temporal Augment, The long vowels 75, w ; 
 the doubtfuls, /, ; and the diphthongs g/, su, oli, remain 
 unchanged, verbs beginning with these letters having no 
 augment. The syllabic augment only occurs in the in- 
 dicative, the temporal runs through all the moods. 
 
 2. It will likewise be observed from the table, that in 
 the perfect tenses, the augment s is preceded by the 
 first consonant of the root, this is termed Reduplication, 
 and only occurs when the verb begins with a consonant. 
 
 3. When the root of the verb ends in a consonant and 
 the termination representing the mood, tense or person 
 begins with a vowel, no change takes place in uniting 
 them, except that when the root ends in two simple con- 
 sonants one is generally dropped ; as BdXovrsg from 
 BccXXw, I throw. 
 
 4. When however the root ends in a consonant and 
 the sufi[ix begins with one, the following euphonic 
 changes arise : — 
 
 (a) If the suflix begins with c, and the root of the verb 
 ends with a dental,^' the dental is dropped, but when the 
 root ends with a labial or guttural, one of the doubles -vj/ 
 or § is produced ; that is, if in the present the root ends 
 in /3, 'T or <p, the verb will have -vj^ in the future and 
 
 * The nine consonants termed mutes are divided into three 
 classes, thus : — 
 
 Labials, /3, tt, ^. 
 Gutturals, y, /c, x- 
 Dentals, ^, r, 9, 
 
 1 
 
122 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 aorist ; if in r, d or d, these letters are thrown out, as in 
 TBp'Traj, I delight, fut. rsp-\\,M ; <rXg%w, / fold, fut. "^rXs^ca ; 
 ad(^, I sing, fat. aVw. 
 
 So when r follows 'tt in the root of the present, cr alone 
 appears in the root of the future and aorist, as rv'Trrco, I 
 strike, fut. ru-vj/w [rv^-(rM), 
 
 (b) If the suffix begins with an aspirate^* and the 
 root ends with a labial or guttural, the latter is 
 changed into the corresponding aspirate; but, if the 
 final root consonant is a dental, it becomes (T; hence, 
 a root ending in the future or aorist active with (3 or ^tt 
 will have p^, in the future and aorist passive, if ending 
 with y or x, will have ^9, and if with a dental, will have 
 (T, ex. T'j^TM, aor. pass, srixp^riv ; Xe^w, / say, aor. pass, 
 JXtp^^Tji' ; '^ii^ojj I persuade s^sid^riv, 
 
 (c) If the suffix begins with x and the root ends with 
 a labial or guttural, x is replaced by changing the final 
 consonant into a letter of corresponding power : thus, 
 Kvoj has Xvcroj in the future and XeXvxa in the perfect ; but 
 a verb having -vjy in the future has p in the perfect, ^pro- 
 duces ;i^, and (T makes x, as rv^roo, fut. rv-^Cfj, perf. 
 TeTv(pc^ ; t^ty(ji, fut. Xe^w, perf. Xf Xg;!^a ; a,h(fi^ aaw, rixa, 
 
 (c?) When the suffix begins with /x., the final consonant 
 of the root, if a labial, is changed into />£/, if a guttural, 
 into y, and if a dental it makes 6 ; so that a perfect active 
 in (poL produces a perfect passive in /x/^ca/ ; ^a becomes 
 yijjCLi, and xoc (if of a verb in ^co, rw or ^w) becomes (T/xa/, 
 ex. rv'TTTca, perf. act. Ttrv(pa, perf. pass. rerv/ub/Mcci ; rdscc^)^ 
 I set in order^ rtVap^a, Terayfjjat ; os^w, ?jko6, yi^oiloli. 
 
 {e) Verbs in -Xoj, -^aa>, -vw, -f^w make the future by 
 simply changing (ji of the present into w, as CreXXw, / 
 5^Wf^, fut. crsXw, and generally the four liquids unite 
 readily with the other consonants. f 
 
 * The mutes are likewise (listinguisked by degree, thus : — 
 
 Softs, /3, 7, ^. 
 
 Hards, TT, K, r. 
 
 Jlkspirates, 0, ;;^, 0. 
 t The union of consonants, whetlier as regards the tenses of 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 123 
 
 (/) The following table will illustrate at one view the 
 foregoing remarks : — 
 
 Active Voice. 
 Present. Future. Perfect. 
 u) pure,* (Tw, xa, 
 
 w pure 1 
 ^w, rw, &(/j^ ^w, > (Tw, xa, 
 {iSdc/j rare.) J 
 
 7W, ?cw, ;)/w, 
 (gw rare.) 
 
 Passive Voice. 
 Perfect. Future. 1st Aorist, 
 
 f'W, 
 
 
 4. In combining the root with the tense termina- 
 tions, verbs in aw, gw and ow generally change the short 
 vowel into the corresponding long. In the present and 
 imperfect tenses the following modifications likewise 
 occur : — 
 
 verbs, ttie case terminations or other inflexions of the language, is> 
 governed by the following general principles : — 
 
 (1.) When one mute follows another, both must be of the same 
 degree. 
 
 (2.) Two successive syllables rarely begin with an aspirate, 
 
 (3.) The liquid /x almost always precedes a labial, but a labial 
 never precedes /z. 
 
 (4.) The liquid v has an affinity for dentals. 
 
 (5.) When a mute, and o- occur together, both letters are resolved 
 into one or other of the doubles, ^, t or Z,- 
 
 * A vowel is said to be pwe when it is preceded by another 
 vowel or by the consonant p. 
 
 L 2 
 
124 APPENDIX, 
 
 (a) When the termination begins with a vowel, or 
 diphthong, verbs in 2 generally drop the g, but se becomes 
 if and so makes ov. 
 
 {b) Verbs in aoj change ao, ccw, aovy into w ; aoi into 
 oj ; 062, arj into a ; ag/, cc;^ into oc. 
 
 ((?) Verbs in ow change 02, 00, oou into ou ; or) ow into 
 w ; — o?5, 02/, 001 into 0/ ; and in the infinitive oeiv into ovv. 
 
 5. There are a class of verbs that have the first person 
 present indicative in /JjI, these are formed from primitives 
 in soj, aw, ow, voo ; first, by changing w into /^/ and length- 
 ening the preceding vowel, and then by prefixing the 
 first consonant (or if an aspirate its simple) with /, as 3ow, 
 didajfjt^t, I give, ^ew, rldyj/u^ij I place. The forms of the 
 verbs in /^/ only difier from those in w in the construction 
 of the aorist and perfect tenses. 
 
 6. Some compound verbs have a second aorist tense, 
 which is usually derived from the primitive: thus, Xa/^/3avw, 
 / take, has a second aorist sXd(3ov from the primitive XtjjSc^ 
 obsolete. The second aorist indicative is conjugated 
 like the imperfect, as gXa/Sov, -2^, -2, the second aorist of 
 the other moods have the terminations of the present. 
 Verbs that have a second commonly want the first aorist. 
 
 7. The third person plu. perf. act. and the participle 
 in ao'a have the penult long, as XgXuzatf/, Xiia'aa'a, in 
 other terminations the doubtful penult vowels are gene- 
 rally short. 
 
 The foregoing remarks are designed merely to give 
 the learner a general view of the inflexions of the Greek 
 verb. In the second course the matters here referred to 
 will be treated more in detail. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 125 
 
 PREPOSITIONS. 
 
 There are eighteen prepositions which govern certain 
 cases of the nouns, thus : — 
 
 (1) Governing Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. 
 
 with a gen.), of, about, relative to. 
 ^spi ^ (^with a dat.), to (without motion), 
 with an ace), around, towards, 
 with a gen.), upon, on account of, 
 a[jj(pi <^ (with a dat.), on, about. 
 with an ace), around. 
 
 with a gen.), by, with, into (without motion), 
 with a dat.), on, at^ on account of. 
 with an ace), to, into (with motion), 
 with a gen,), from, by, with. 
 ^with a dat.), at, beside, near. 
 L (with an ace), towards, to (with motion), 
 with a gen.), from, by, near, 
 with a dat), near, at, in. 
 with an ace), to, towards, for. 
 f (with a gen.), by, under, through. 
 v^o < (with a dat.), from^ because of for. 
 
 ^apa 
 
 r^og 
 
 { 
 
 L (with an ace), beneath, about, to. 
 
 (2) Governing 
 
 5 , r (with a sren. 
 L (with an ace 
 
 Kara I ^"^'^^ ^ ^^^' 
 \ (with an ace 
 
 .^, r (with a gen. 
 
 "^ ' " 1 (^^ith an ace 
 
 ^ , f (with a gen, 
 
 ^^ ' \ (with an ace 
 
 the Genitive or Accusative. 
 
 ), by J betweeii, through. 
 ), through, on account of 
 ), down, on, in, under. 
 ), by, as to, according to, 
 ), above, for the sake of 
 ,), beyond, over. 
 ,), ivith, towards. 
 ), after, into, against. 
 L 3 
 
126 APPENDIX. 
 
 (3) Governing the Genitive. 
 
 h (before a consonant), ) ^ ^ 
 
 Ig (before a vowel), j "/' Z'"'"^- 
 
 a'To, 6y, through, on, from. 
 
 'TT^S, before, for. 
 
 dvTi, against, instead of opposite, 
 
 (4) Governing the Dative. 
 sv, in, into, at. cruvy with, agreeably to. 
 
 (5) Governing the Accusative. 
 £/;, within, to, into, amongst, ava, upon, hy, according to* 
 
 Eem. 1. — The prepositions are much used in the formation of 
 compound words, as 7rpo(5d\Xio, I put before^ or i prefer ; from 
 i8dX\(i>, I throw^ or I put. Two, or even three prepositions may 
 be prefixed in this way to a simple verb. 
 
 When a preposition enters into the composition of a word, its 
 final consonant is generally dropped. Verbs beginning with p take 
 a second between the preposition and the root. The v of Iv is 
 changed into \i before labial consonants, into y before gutturals, 
 and into \ before a word beginning with that letter. Before a the 
 consonant Z, is either dropped or changed into c, and becomes p be- 
 fore another p. The v of (^vv is subject to the same changes as 
 the V of Iv. The vowels of 7rf pi and Trpo are generally preserved, 
 but that of a/i0i is usually dropped. 
 
 2. Besides the prepositions, the following particles are used in 
 modifying the meaning of verbs : — 
 
 a privative, gives an opposite meaning to the primitive signi- 
 fication of a word, Tt/iJ7, honour^ arifiia, dishonour. 
 dvQ, expresses an attribute of evil. 
 tv, denotes a good attribute, 
 ftpi, epi, /3ov, /3ptj daj ^a, strengthen the force of the root. 
 
ENGLISH INDEX. 
 
 
 
 Ahbr 
 
 eviations. 
 
 . 
 
 adv. 
 
 Adverb 
 
 
 inf. 
 
 Infinitive mood 
 
 aux. 
 
 Auxiliary 
 
 
 pers. 
 
 Person 
 
 camp 
 
 . Comparative degree 
 
 
 plu. 
 
 Plural 
 
 conj. 
 
 Conjunction 
 
 
 'pron. 
 
 Pronoun 
 
 dat. 
 
 Dative case 
 
 
 rel. 
 
 Relative 
 
 dem. 
 
 Demonstrative 
 
 
 rem. 
 
 Remark 
 
 M- 
 
 Future tense 
 
 
 sing. 
 
 Singular 
 
 gen. 
 
 Genitive case 
 
 
 super 
 
 . Superlative degree 
 
 The Isrumlers refer lo the Exercises y not to the Pages. 
 
 A, 1 
 
 Able, 94 
 Abounding, 75 
 About, 86, 91, 96 
 (sign of fut.) 
 
 103 
 Absent, 106 
 Abundant, 43, 75 
 Accomplish, 101 
 Accomplished, 86 
 Accordingly, 88 
 According to, 60 
 Account, 101 
 Accumulated, 79 
 Accurate, 84 
 Act, 22, 74, 
 Active, J 4, 87 
 Actor, 80 
 Addressed, 99 
 Admirable, 79 
 Adriatic, 94 
 Advancing, 83 
 Adversary, 104 
 -^schylus, 31 
 -SEsop, 106 
 Affair, 74, 99 (rem.) 
 After, 70, 75 
 the manner 
 
 of, 94 
 Again, 96, 106 
 Against, 73, lOl 
 Agathocled, 106 
 Age, 74 
 
 Agesilaus, 86 
 Agreeable, 35 
 Agreed, 99 
 Agrippa, 106 
 Alcibiades, 68 
 Alexander, 31 
 All, 39, 73, 75. 78, 
 
 83, 85, 86, 99 
 Ally. 71 
 Alms, 106 
 Alone. 65. 77y 106 
 Already, 98 
 Alwavs, 91 
 Am, 39 
 
 (aux.),]03, 106 
 
 Anchor, 96 
 And, 12, 94 
 Anemone, 36 
 Angel, 94 
 Anger, 78, 80 
 Animal, 40 
 Another, 90 (rem.) 
 Any, &7, 84 
 Apelles, 47 
 Apiece, 94 
 Apostle, 94 
 Appeared, 62 
 Apple, 71 
 Appointed, 73 
 Approach, 96 
 Approaching, 83 
 Are. !5, 70, 103, 
 
 104 
 
 Argive, 71 
 Aribazus, 71 
 Arid, 73, 79 
 Aristides, 106 
 Army, 68 
 Arrived, 86, 96 
 Art, 15, 103 
 Artaxerxes, 68 
 As, 62, 91. 99 
 
 to, 83 
 
 Ascended, 88 
 Asia, %Q 
 Asked, 106 
 Aspect, 74 
 Assiduous, 84 
 Assyrian, 46, QQ. 
 
 7Q 
 At, 59 (rem.), 60 
 
 — least, 67 
 
 — that time, 83 
 Ate, 96 
 Athenian, 75 
 Atom, 94 
 Atonement, 94 
 Attendant, 86 
 Attica, 68 
 Attractive, 78 
 Audacious, 87 
 Avarice, 68 
 Away, 86, 96, 104 
 
 Bad, 9 53. 104 
 X5ade, 70, 99 
 
 Barbarian, 67 
 Basket, 96 
 Battle, 78 
 Be, 45, 103 
 Bearing up, 73 
 Beast, 40 
 Beautiful, 10, 51 
 Beauty, 74 
 Became, 67, 86 
 Because, 83 
 Become, 75 (rem.), 
 
 81 
 
 iate, 96 
 
 Bed, 65 
 
 Been (aux.), 67, 
 
 101, 104 
 Before, i6, IO6 
 Begun, 101 
 Beheld, 86 
 Behold, 94 
 Beholding, 73 
 Behove, 73, l05 
 Being, 83, 103 
 
 (aux.), 94 
 
 on good 
 
 terms, 104 
 Belonging, 98 
 Bendingdouble, 94 
 Besides, 96 
 Besought, 106 
 Best, 53 
 
 Better, 51, 75, IO6 
 Beyond, l)G 
 
128 
 
 ENGLISH INDEX. 
 
 Bird, 26 
 Birth, 75 
 Bitter, 79 
 Black, 27 
 Blameless, 84 
 Blessed, 87, 96 
 Blind, 78, 87 
 Body, 83 
 Boeotia, 68 
 BcEotian, 86 
 Bold, 37 
 Boldly, 83 
 Bone, 69 (rem.) 
 Book, 1 
 Born, 104 
 Both, 67 
 (sign of dual) 
 
 59 (rem.), 98,103 
 Boundless, 84 
 Bowing together, 
 
 94 
 Boy, 21, 74, 99 
 Brains, 80 
 Brasidas, 91 
 Brave, 3 
 Bravely, 73 
 Bread, 19 
 Break, 96 
 Breath, 94 
 Brief, 87 
 Brigand, 66 
 Bright, 87 
 Brilliant, 87 
 Bring, 73, 9^, 99 
 Broad, 44, 54 
 Broader, 52 
 Broadest, 54 
 Broken, 96 
 Brother, 1 
 Brought, 99, 101 
 Brute, 40 
 But, 12, 62, 67, 78, 
 
 106 
 Buy, 96 
 By, 59 (rem.), 60, 
 
 67, 88, 101 
 
 Calamity, 68 
 Called, 73, 99 
 Came, 88, 96, 101 
 
 forth, 101 
 
 out, 65 
 
 Candid, 84 
 Captured, 65 
 Carrying, 65 
 Cast, 96 
 Cat, 80 
 Catching, 88 
 Caught, 65 
 Cautious, 16 
 
 Cause, 78 
 Cave, 5 0, 71 
 Celebrity, 99 
 Certain, 70, 84 
 Certainly, 9I 
 Chance, 78, 94 
 Charity, 106 
 Charming, 35 
 Chief, 73, 74 
 Child, 21, 101 
 Choose, 101 
 Cicero, 48 
 Circuit, 42 
 Circumstance, 91 
 City, 94 
 Clean, 106 
 Cleansed, 94 
 Cleansing, 94 
 Clemency, 66 
 Cleopatra, 34 
 Clever, 9, 75 
 Cleverly, 80 
 Closed, 86 
 Cold, 49 
 Colleague, 71 
 Collected, 96 
 Colour, 32 
 Combat, 78 
 Come, 96, 101, 106 
 Coming, 88 
 Commanded, 73, 
 
 86, 99 
 Commendable, 38 
 Common, 78 
 Compassion, 101 
 Compassionate, 37 
 Conceited, 70, 81 
 Confine, 71 
 Considered, 67 
 Conspiracy, 68 
 Conspired, 91 
 Constant, 78 
 Containing, 94 
 Contemporary, 74 
 Couch, 65 
 Could, 94 
 Council, 78 
 Countenance, 74 
 Country, 68 
 Courage, 66 
 Courageous, 79 
 Covenanted, 99 
 Covered with 
 
 thorns, 37 
 Criticism, 75 
 Croesus, 34 
 Crossing, 7^ 
 Crow, 26 
 Crowd, 94 
 Cruel, 84 
 
 Crying, 106 
 Cub, 65, 71 
 
 Cubit, 94 
 Cunning, 75 
 Cup, 106 
 Cured, 99 
 Curiously, 80 
 Cyrus, 71 
 
 Damp, 79 
 
 Danger, 78 
 
 Dangerous, 84 
 
 Daring, 37 
 
 Darius, 70 
 
 Dark, 27, 87, 104 
 
 eyed, 87 
 
 Darkness, 104 
 
 Dart, 71 
 
 Day, 64, 65, 104 
 
 Dead, 79 
 
 Deal, 62 
 
 Dealt, 106 
 
 Death, 75 
 
 Debt, 101 
 
 Debtor, 101 
 
 Deceit, 75 
 
 Deed,22,67(rem.), 
 71,74,99 (rem.) 
 
 Deemed, 96 
 
 Deep, 35, 54 
 
 Deeper, 52 
 
 Deepest, 54 
 
 Delicious, 35, 83 
 
 Delightful, 35, 51, 
 53 
 
 Demosthenes, 47 
 
 Denier, 101 
 
 Depart, 96 
 
 Desert, 73 (rem. ),96 
 
 Desired, 70, 73, 99 
 
 Desires, I06 
 
 Desirous of learn- 
 ing, ]06 
 
 Destroyed, 91 
 
 Devoured, 88 
 
 Dictator, 46 
 
 Did (aux.) 99 
 
 homage, 101 
 
 Difficult, 14 
 
 to fight, 
 
 67 
 
 Diligent, 14 
 
 Diminishing, 88 
 
 Dine, 106 
 
 Dinner, 106 
 
 Direct, 87 
 
 Disagreeable, 37 
 
 Disciple, 94 
 
 Discouraged, 79 
 
 Disengaged, 84 
 
 Disgraceful, 24 
 
 Dish, 106 
 Displayed, 70, Si 
 Dissembling, 88 
 Do, 91, 101 
 
 (aux.), 99 
 
 Dog, 83 
 Doing, 80, 101 
 Done, 99 
 Doubtful, 79 
 Down, 88,96, 106 
 Drank, 89 
 Draw near, 96 
 Dread, 106 
 Dreadful, 79 
 Drinking, 73 
 Driven, 96 
 Drop, 73 
 Bry, 79 
 Durable, 78 
 Dying, 75 
 
 Each, 75, 87, 88, 
 
 94 
 Earth, 68, 86 
 Easy, 78 
 Eat, 96 
 Eating, 94 
 Egg, 75 
 Egypt, 71 ^ 
 Egyptian, 40 
 Eight, 93 
 Eighth, 93 
 Eightieth, 93 
 Eighty, 63 
 Elegant, 12 
 Elephant, 30 
 Eleven, 93 
 Eleventh, 93 
 Eloquence, 74 
 Eloquent, 24 
 Embossed, 87 
 Enemy, 75, 86 
 
 frem.) 
 Energetic, 84 
 Enough, 79 
 Enter, 65 
 Entered, 80, 89 
 Enterprise, 32 
 Enterprising, 84 
 Epaminondas, 48 
 Ephesus, 60 
 Established, 106 
 Estate, 70 
 Esteemed, 87 
 Estimable, 38, 75 
 Euripides, 68 
 Even, 39, 88 
 Evening, 96 
 Ever, 91 
 
ENGLISH INDEX. 
 
 129 
 
 Every, 39, 75, 87 
 Evil, 49, 104 
 Exact, 84 
 Examine care- 
 fully, 70 
 Excellent, 79 
 Expensive, 84 
 Exploit, Q"] (rem.) 
 Explorer, 73 
 Exposed, 70 
 Expression, 99 
 Exterminated, 88 
 Eye, 104 
 
 Fair, 84 
 Faithful, 79 
 Fall, 94 
 
 Fallen down, 101 
 Fancy, S3 
 Farm, 20 
 Father, 1 
 Fathom, 96 
 Fault, 99 
 Fear, 74, 106 
 Fearing, ^^ 
 Fearless, 37 
 Feast, 20 
 Feeble, 41 
 Feel, 67 (rem.) 
 Fell, 94 
 
 Fellow-servant,! 01 
 Ferocious, 24 
 Fertile, 85 (rem,) 
 Festus, 106 
 Few, 79 
 Field, 20, 70 
 Fierce, 44 
 Fifth, 93 
 Fight, 78 
 Figure, 74 
 Filled, 96 
 Find, 99 
 Firkin, 94 
 Firm, 79 
 First, 93 
 Fish, 96 
 Five, 93 
 Flatterer, 74 
 Flee, 104 
 Flour, 80 
 Flower, 36 
 Food, 96 
 Fool, 106 
 Foolish, 104 
 For, 12, 96, 
 — — (sign of dat.), 
 
 69 (rem.), 83, 
 
 96 
 Force, 78 
 Foreigner, ^^ 
 
 Foresight, 78 
 Foretell, IO6 
 Forgave, 101 
 Forgive, 10 1 
 Formidable, 79 
 Fortieth, 93 
 Fortunate, 43, 80 
 Fortune, 78 
 Forty, 93 
 Fought, 65, 81 
 Found, 70, 73, 89, 
 
 94 
 Fountain, IO6 
 Four, 93 
 Foursquare, 94 
 Fourth, 93 
 Fox, 74 
 Fragment, 96 
 Frank, 84 
 Free from care, 84 
 Fresh, 23 
 Friend, 75 
 Friendly, 104 
 Friendship, 78 
 Fright, 106 
 Frightful, 79 
 Frivolous, 11 
 Frog, 91 
 
 From, 73, 83, 88 
 Frontier, 7I 
 Fruit, 42 
 Fugitive, 87 
 Fulfilled, 94 
 Full, 77 (rem.), 94, 
 
 96, 104, 106 
 Further, 96 
 Future, 79 
 
 Gain, 104 
 Ganges, 47 
 Gathered, 73, 86 
 Gave, 96 
 General, 45 
 Generous, 13 
 Gentle, 104 
 Gift, 69 
 Girl, 21, 74 
 Give, ^^, 99 
 Given battle, 86 
 Glad, 84 
 Glittered, 73 
 Globe, 42 
 Glorious, 43, 53 
 Go, 88, 99 
 
 away, 96 
 
 God, 78 
 Gold, 75 
 Golden-eggs, 79 
 Gone, 80, 96, ^% 
 
 101, 106 
 
 Good, 3, 49 
 Gory, 87 
 Graceful, 12 
 Grain, 83 
 Grand, 27 
 Grape, 36 
 Grass, 96 
 Great, 27, 62, 83, 
 
 84, 90, 94 
 Greater, 51, 84 
 Greatest, 53 
 Greek, 67 
 Grow, 75, 104 
 
 Had, 65 
 
 • (aux.) 65 
 
 (rem.), 86,106 
 Half, 87 
 Ho you there, 
 
 88 
 Hand, 80 
 Handsome, 10, 51 
 Handsomest, 53 
 Happened, 106 
 Happy, 82, 87 
 Happiness, 104 
 Hard, 14, 79 
 
 working, ']<d 
 
 Hare, 69 (rem.) 
 Harmonious, 87 
 Harsh, 37 
 Has, 80 
 
 (aux.) 62, ^^ 
 
 Haughty, 38 
 Have, 94, ^^, 99 
 (aux.) 70, 83, 
 
 86, 94, 101, 106 
 Having, 70, 86 
 (aux.) 80, 
 
 86, 88, 96, J 01, 
 
 104, 106 
 He, 73, 90 (rem.) 
 (sign of third 
 
 pers.) 7, 25, 83 
 Head, 80 
 Headlong, 78 
 Healthy, 80 
 Heart, 104 
 Heat, 49 
 Heaven, 94 
 Hebrus, 47 
 Hellene, 67 
 Helmet, 73 
 Hen, 78 
 Her, 59 (rem.), 65 
 
 90 (rem.), 98 
 Here, ^^, 106 
 Heretofore, 106 
 High, 28, 75 
 priest, 99 
 
 Him, 70, 83, 88, 9© 
 
 (rem.) 
 Himself, 60, 70 
 
 (rem.), 73, 88, 90, 
 
 98 
 His, 25, 59 (rem.), 
 
 90, 98 
 Holding, 94 
 Hollow, 73 
 Homer, 34 
 Honest, 3 
 Honour, 64 
 Honourable, 38 
 Hope, 104 
 Hoped, 104 
 Horse, 20 
 Hostile, 79 
 Hour, 96 
 
 House, 17, 80, 106 
 How, 73, 94, 99 
 However, 83 
 Humble, 104 
 Human, 40 
 Humid, 79 
 Hundred, 93 
 Hundredth, 93 
 Hunt, 71 
 Hunter, 80 
 Hyacinth, 18 
 Hydaspes, 105 
 Hypocrite, 80 
 Hyrcanian, 71 
 Hystaspes, 66 
 
 1,75 
 
 — (sign of first 
 pers.) .39, 88 
 
 Idle, 14 
 Idleness, 50 
 If. 15, 39. 88, 99, 
 104 (rem.) 
 
 — at any time, 67 
 Ignoble, 84 
 Ignorant, 84 
 
 111, 80, 99 (rem.) 
 Illness, 41 
 Illustrious, 44 
 Image, 60 
 Impetuosity, 104 
 Implacable, 43 
 Impracticable, 80 
 Imprudent, 44, 52, 
 
 54 
 In,59(rem.),60,7«, 
 
 83, 88, 94,99, 10§ 
 
 — consequence o^ 
 73 
 
 Indeed, 67, 104 
 India, 68 
 Indian, 79 
 
130 
 
 ENGLISH INDEX, 
 
 Indigent, 38 
 Indigenous, 84 
 Indiscretion, 83 
 Indolent, 14 
 Indulgent, 10 
 Industrious, 14 
 Industry, 50 
 Infamous, 24 
 Infinite, 84 
 Infirm, 41 
 Infirmity, 41 
 Ingeruous, 84 
 Innocent, 84 
 Insane, 104 
 Insatiability, 80 
 Inside, 106 
 Insignificant, 83 
 Inspected, 60 
 Intelligent, 9, 52 
 Intended, 101 
 
 (rem.) 
 Into, 65, 70 
 Intrepid, 79 
 Investigated, 80 
 Invincible, 79 
 Invulnerable, 80 
 Iota, 94 
 Irksome, 87 
 Is, 7, 94, 103 
 Is it that, 83 
 Isaiah, 47 
 Iscariot, 99 
 Isocrates, 48 
 It, 90 (rem.) 
 — (sign of third 
 
 pers.) 7, 25, 83 
 Its, 90 (rem.), 98 
 Itself, 88 
 
 Jackdaw, 26 
 Jason, 74 
 Jerusalem, 106 
 Jesus, 94 
 Jew, 94 
 
 Joined in battle,65 
 Joyful, 84 
 Judge, 80 
 Judgment, 80 
 Just, 11 
 
 Killed, 67 
 Kind, 10 
 King, 33 
 Kingdom, 101 
 Knew, 99 
 Knife, 17 
 
 Knowledge, 78, 106 
 Known, 86 
 
 Labour, 50 
 
 Lacedemonian, 86 
 
 Lady, 21 
 
 Lagus, 71 
 
 Laid, 86 
 
 hands upon, 
 
 101 
 Lair, 65 
 Lake, 91 
 Lamp, 72 
 Land,20,73(rem0 
 Large, 27, 90 
 Larger, 51 
 Largest, 53 
 Laughable, 79 
 Law, 94 
 Lay exposed to 
 
 view, 70 
 Lays, 79 
 Lazy, 14 
 Lead, 101 
 Leader, 73, 74, 101 
 Leaning to both 
 
 sides, 79 
 Learned, 75 
 Leaving, 96 
 Led, 70 
 
 in, 62 
 
 Left, 104 
 Legislator, 75 
 Lend, 99 
 Less, 84 
 Lest, 94 
 Let, 1 04 
 
 (aux,) 103 
 
 ■ go, 101 
 
 Letter, 106 
 Lies, 94 
 Life, 75, 91 
 Lifted, 94 
 Light, 78 
 Like, 67,88,101 
 Likened, 101 
 Lion, 30 
 Lioness, 30 
 Little, 73, 83, 96, 
 
 99, 104 
 Live, 106 
 
 Living creature, 40 
 Loaf, 76 
 Long, 28, 91 
 Looked, 96 
 Loosed, 101 
 Lord, 101 
 Lost, 104 
 Lot, 94 
 Love, 78 
 Lovely, 29 
 Lover, 75 
 Loving, 79 
 Lowly, 104 
 
 Luminous, 79 
 Luxurious, 79 
 Lydian, 78 
 
 Macedonian, 46 
 
 Mad, 104 
 
 Made, 80, 94, 101, 
 106 
 
 DIagnanimous, 83 
 
 Magnificent, 29,83 
 
 Make, 1 06 
 
 Man, 21, 40, 74, 
 7Q 
 
 Manly, 79 
 
 Many, 90, 94 
 
 Map, 42 
 
 Blarine, 79 
 
 Mask, 80 
 
 Master, 67, 104 
 
 May (aux.) 96, 103, 
 104 
 
 Me, 5, 86, 98 
 
 Meadow, 96 
 
 Measured, 94 
 
 Meat, 106 
 
 Blede, 91 
 
 Meek, 104 
 
 Mellow, 84 
 
 Memory, 68 
 
 Memphis, 106 
 
 IMerciful, 37 
 
 Blericus, 78 
 
 Merit, 60, 65 
 
 Met, 99 
 
 Middle, 79 
 
 Midnight, 99 
 
 Midst, 79 
 
 Might, 86 
 
 Blild, 16, 104 
 
 Mind,68,69 (rem.) 
 83, 84 
 
 Mindful, 84 
 
 Mine, 98 
 
 Miser, 78 
 
 Miserable, 38 
 
 Misfortune,- 68 
 
 Mistress, 67 
 
 Mob, 106 
 
 Moderate, 16 
 
 Moist, 79 
 
 Money, 75 
 
 More, 84 
 
 (sign of comp.) 
 
 51, 52, 84 
 
 Mortal, 40 
 
 Most (sign of su- 
 per,), 53, 54 
 
 Mother, 1 
 
 Mouse, 80 
 
 Mouth, 106 
 
 Moved, 83,90,101 
 Much, 27, 75, 94 
 Multitude, 94 
 Must, 99, 106 
 My, 98 
 Myrtle, 18 
 Myself, 9a 
 
 Name, 94 
 Named, 99 
 Necessary, 9I 
 Necessity, 96 
 Need, 96 
 Neglected, 104 
 Neighed, 62, 89 
 Nevertheless, 65 
 New, 23 
 Nicostratus, 71 
 Night, 86 
 Nile, 47 
 Nine, 93 
 Ninetieth, 93 
 Ninety, 93 
 Ninth, 93 
 No, 25, 70 
 
 — more, 88 
 Noble, 44 
 Nor, 80 
 Not, 25, 94 
 Nothing, 80 
 Now, 96, 106 
 Nowhere, 70 
 Number, 94 
 Numbered, 94 
 
 1 15 
 
 Obscure, 44, 84 
 Obscurity, 104 
 Observed, 70 
 Odious, 84 
 Of, 91, 99 
 
 — (sign of gen.) 
 59, 65, 73, 88, 98 
 
 Often, 99 
 
 Old, 74, 75, 80,87 
 
 On, 59 (rem.),70, 83 
 
 — account of, 70 
 One, 93 
 
 (pron.) 62, 73, 
 
 99 
 
 another, 88,98 
 
 One's own, 79 
 
 self, 88, 98 
 
 Only, 67, 106 
 Open, 80, 84 
 Or, 67, 80 
 Orator, 45 
 Orontes, 68 
 Other, 67, 88, 90 
 
 (rem.), 93, 106 
 
ENGLISH INDEX. 
 
 131 
 
 Ought, 73 
 
 Our, 98 
 
 Ours, 98 
 
 Out, 88,86,89,101 
 
 Outside, 106 
 
 Over, 67, 80, 96 
 
 Overturned, 73 
 
 Owe, 101 
 
 Own, 60, 70, 86 
 
 Painted, 60, 89 
 Painter, 45 
 Painting, 60,62,106 
 Palestine, 99 
 Panther, 42 
 Parent, 78 
 Part, 42, 74 
 Parysatis, 74 
 Pass, 104, 106 
 
 away, 94 
 
 Passed, 96 
 Passion, 80 
 Patience, 101 
 Patient, 79 
 Patriotic, 84 
 Pay, 101 
 Payment, 101 
 Peace, 49 
 Peasant, 83 
 Pedagogue, 83 
 Pelopidas, 68 
 Penny, 101 
 Penurious, 79 
 People, 94 
 Perdiccas, 48 
 Perish, 99 
 Perishable, 40 
 Persian, 9I 
 Peter, 101 
 Pharisee, 106 
 Philip, 71 
 Philosopher, 33 
 Philosophy, 75 
 Picture, GO, 106 
 Piece, 75 
 Piety, 75 
 Pilate, 99 
 Pioneer, 73 
 Pious, 38 
 Pisistratus, 83 
 Place, 50, 83, 106 
 Plate, 106 
 Plato, 31 
 Platter, 106 
 Pleasant, 35 
 Pleasanter, 51 
 Pleasantest, 53 
 Plenty, 79 
 Plough, 83, 99 
 Plunder, 106 
 
 Plutarch, 80 
 Poet, 33 
 Pointed, 89 
 Pond, 91 
 Poor, 16 
 Portion, 42, 74 
 Portrait, 60, 74 
 Possess, 100 
 Possession, 74 
 Potter, 106 
 Poverty, 49 
 Power, %"] , 74 
 Powerful, 43 
 Praise, 73, 75 
 Praised, 60 
 Praiseworthy,79,87 
 Pray, 104 
 
 for, 96 
 
 Praying, 106 
 Precious, 13 
 Presence, 99 
 Present, I06 
 Prettier, 51 
 Prettiest, 53 
 Pretty, 10 
 Prince, 45, 74 
 Private, 79 
 Privately, IO6 
 Profit, 104 
 Profuse, 84 
 Prone, 84 
 Property, 80 
 Prophet, 45 
 Prostrated, lOl 
 Proud,43, 67 (rem.) 
 Prudence, 74 
 Prudent, 44, 52 
 Ptolemy, 71 
 Puffed up, ^Q 
 Punctuality, 68 
 Pungent, ']^ 
 Punishment, IO6 
 Pure, 106 
 Purification, 94 
 
 Quadrangular, 94 
 Queen, 33 
 Quick, 35 
 Quickly, 104 
 
 Pv,abble, 10 6 
 Rage, 78 
 Kagged, 79 
 Rapacious, 87 
 Rapacity, 106 
 Rapid, 35 
 Rapine, 106 
 Rather, 106 
 Rational, 84 
 Reach, 88 
 
 Real, 62 
 Really, 62 
 Rea:-onabie, 84 
 Reckon, 101 
 Recognisea, 86,104 
 Red, 79 
 Reflection, 86 
 Region, 68 
 Remaining, 96 
 Renown, ^^ 
 Renowned, 43, 53 
 Repast, 20 
 Repay, 101 
 Replied, 83, 94 
 Repose, 68, 10(> 
 Represented, 70 
 Repulsive, 38 
 Resisting, 73 
 Resolved, 88 
 Respected, 87 
 Result, 42 
 Returnea, 86 
 Reiuining, 83 
 Rich, 16, 54 
 Richer, 52 
 Richest, 54 
 Ridiculous, 79 
 Right, 84, 87 
 Ripe, 13, 84 
 Risen, 104 
 River, 42 
 Robust, 41 
 Rock, 68 
 Rocky, 87 
 Rose, 18 
 Rough, 87 
 Round, 28 
 Rude, 84 
 Rugged, 87 
 Ruse, 88 
 
 Sack, 80 
 Sacred, 77, 80 
 Safe, 88 
 Safety, 88 
 Sagacious, 9> 54 
 Said, 62, 67, 75, 80, 
 
 88, 89, 94, 104 
 Sailor, 96 
 Salt, 104 
 
 Same, 25, 73, 74, 90 
 Sat, 106 
 Savage, 84 
 Say, 67, 91, 94, 99, 
 
 104 
 Saying, 70, 96, 99 
 Says, 80, 106 
 Scattered, 86 
 School, 83 
 
 Science, 75 
 Scythian, "j^ 
 Sea, 79 
 Season, 7<3 
 Seasoning, 106 
 Seated, 96 
 Second, 93, IO6 
 
 (rem.) 
 See, io6 
 
 Seemg, 70, 73, 88 
 Seek, 70, 99 
 Seized, ^^^ 101 
 Semiramis, 31 
 Send, 96, 104 
 Senseless, 83 
 .'-ent, 86 
 Serpent, 74 
 Servant, 86, 101 
 Seven, 93 
 Seventh, 93 
 Seventy, 96 
 Severally, 04 
 Severe, 38 
 Shall (aux.) 88, 101 
 Shame, 74 
 Shameful, 24 
 Sharp, 35, 85 
 She, 73 (rem.), ^^ 
 
 (rem.) 
 (sign of 3rd 
 
 person), 7, 25, 83 
 Shewn, 62, 73, 89 
 Ship, ^Q 
 Shone, 83 
 Short, 87 
 Should, (aux.) 94, 
 
 99, 106 
 Sicily, m 
 Sick, 80 
 Sicyonian, 78 
 Silly, 11 
 Silver, 75 
 Sin, 101 
 Sinned, 106 
 Sister, 1 
 Six, 93 
 Sixth, 93 
 Sixtieth, 93 
 Sixty, 93 
 Skilful, 84 
 Skilled, 62 
 Skv, 94 
 Slave, 101 
 Slew, ^^ 
 Small, 73 
 Smart, 75 
 Smote, 104 
 So, 65, 88, 91 
 Socrates, 34 
 Sold, 101 
 
132 
 
 ENGLISH INDEX* 
 
 Soldier, 66 
 Solid, 78 
 Solon, 74 
 Some, 84 
 Something, 83 
 Son, 21, 71 
 Son-in-law, Jl 
 Song, 64 (rem.) 
 Sought, 99 
 Soul, 83 
 Sound, 84 
 Source, 106 
 Spake, 99 
 Spare, 106 
 Sparta, 9 1 
 Spartan, 86 
 Spirit, 94 
 Spoke, gg 
 Spoken, 106 
 Spread, 99 
 Spring, 50, 74 
 Stand, 94 
 Statue, 74 
 Stern, 96 
 Still, 83 
 Stone, 68, 94 
 Stormy, 87 
 Straight, 87 
 Stratagem, 88 
 
 (rem.) 
 Strength, 41, 78 
 Strict; 84 
 Strong, 41, 78 
 Struck, 85, 104 
 
 (rem.) 
 Stupid, 104 
 Subject, 80 
 Such, 67 
 Suffered, 73 
 Sufficient, 79 
 Sumptuous, 84 
 Sun-dried, 84 
 Superior, 75 
 Suspended, 88 
 Sweet, 35 
 Sweeter, 83 
 Swift, 35 
 Sword, 22, 106 
 Sylla, 48 
 Syracuse, 68 
 Syria, 99 
 
 Table, 17 
 Tablet, 42 
 Take, 101 
 Taken, 96, 104 
 Taking, 88 
 Talent, 101 
 Talented, 75 
 
 Tattered, 79 
 Ten, 93 
 
 Tender, 87 
 Tenth, 93 
 Terrible, 24 
 Terror, 74 
 Than, 51, 62, (rem.) 
 That (dem. pronj, 
 
 62, 90 (rem.) 
 That (rel. pron,), 
 
 70, 98, 101 
 
 (conj.), 67, 
 
 88, 99. 104 
 
 The, 2, 59 
 Theban, 71 
 Thee, 88, 98 
 Their,86, 90 (rem.), 
 
 98 
 Theirs, 98 
 Them, 88, 90 (rem.) 
 Themistocies, 83 
 Themselves, 86, 88, 
 
 96, 98 
 Then, 73,83,94,99 
 There (sign of 3rd 
 
 pers.), 7, 25, 91 
 
 (adv.), 65, 
 
 70,94 
 
 Therefore, 94 
 Thereon, 70 
 Thereupon, 99 
 These, 78 
 Thessaly, 66 
 They, 90 (rem.) 
 ■ (sign of 3rd 
 
 pers. plu.),70,91 
 Thine, 98 
 Thing, 67 (rem.), 
 
 74, 78 (rem.) 
 Think, 70 
 Thinkest, 70 
 Thinking, 70 
 Third, 93 
 Thirst, 68, 73 
 Thirtieth, 93 
 Thirty, 93 
 This, 39, 62, 83, 90 
 Thorny, 37 
 Those, 70,86 (rem.) 
 Thou, 98 
 (sign of 2nd 
 
 pers.), 15 
 Though, 39, 65, 88 
 Thought, 67, 86, 
 
 96 
 Thousand, 93 
 Thousandth, 93 
 Thrace, 65 
 Three, 93 
 Thrice, 93 (rem.) 
 
 Throat, 101 
 
 Through, 73 
 Thrown, 73 
 Thy, 5, 98 
 Thyself, 98 
 Till, 94 
 Time, 83 
 Timid, 23 
 Timon, 78 
 Tittle, 94 
 To, 62, 94 
 (sign of inf.), 
 
 65,70,96,99,101, 
 
 100 
 (sign of dat.), 
 
 59, 75, 88, 98 
 
 — be, 15 
 
 (aux.) 73, 
 
 9Q, 101 
 
 To-day, 104 
 Together, 88, 91, 99 
 Toil, 60, 75 
 Told, 106 
 Took, 67, 101 
 Towards, 62, 94 
 Tract, 68 
 Tranquillity, 68 
 Treasure, 75 
 Tree, 101 
 Trick, 88 
 Troublesome, 87 
 True, 82 
 Truly, 62 
 Truth, 78 
 Turning, 80 
 Twelve, 93 
 Twelfth, 93 
 Twentieth, 93 
 Twice, 93 (rem.) 
 Two, 93 
 
 Uncultivated, 14 
 Understood, 99 
 Undertake, 84 
 Unfortunate, 84 
 Unfriendly, 79, 84 
 Unhappy, 84 
 Unhurt, 84 
 Unpleasant, 37 
 Unscrupulous, 79 
 Untamed, 8/ 
 Untaught, 84 
 Until, 94 
 Unto (sign of dat.)) 
 
 94 
 Up, 80, 94, 96, 99 
 Upon, 70, 88, 101 
 Upright, 11,01 
 Us, 7^f 94, 98 
 Useful, 10,73 
 
 Uttering joyful 
 shouts, 69 
 
 Vain, 11 
 Valuable, 13 
 Vanquished, 9I 
 Vase, 94 
 Vast, 44, 52 
 Vastest, 54 
 Verily, 94 
 Very, 83 
 
 (signof super,), 
 
 53, 54 
 Vicious, 9 
 Victory, 32 
 Victuals, 96 
 View, 70 
 Vigilant, 84 
 Vigorous, 41 
 Vile, ?4 
 Village, 96 
 Virtue, 50 
 Voice, 22 
 Voluptuous, 79 
 
 Wait, 104 
 Wall, 94 
 Want, 101 
 War, 49 
 Was, 25, 103 
 (aux.J, 70, 83, 
 
 94, 96 
 Washed, I06 
 Wast, 103 
 Water, 19, 73 
 Water-jar, 94 
 Watery, 79 
 Way, 69, 83 (rem,) 
 We, 88, 98 
 Weak, 41 
 Weakness, 41 
 Wealth, 49 
 Weapon, 32 
 Went, 99 
 Were, 86, 91, 94, 
 
 103 
 (aux.), 94, 
 
 Wert, 103 
 What, 29, 101 
 Whatever,98(rem.) 
 When, 70,96, 104 
 Where, 65, 94, 99, 
 
 104 
 Which, 29, 98, 101 
 Whilst, 73 (rem.), 
 
 91, 101 
 Who, 29, 98 
 Whoever, 98 (rem.) 
 Whole, 99 
 
ENGLISH INDEX. 
 
 133 
 
 Whom, 86 
 Why, 9! 
 
 Wicked, 9, 51, 53 
 Wickedness, 68 
 Wife, 21 
 Wild, 96 
 Wild-beast, 40 
 Will, 99 
 
 (aux.),88, 101, 
 
 106 
 Willing, 85 
 Wind-flower, 36 
 Windy, 87 
 Wine, 19 
 Wine-coloured, 87 
 
 Winter, 50 
 Wisdom, 75 
 Wise, 9, 91 
 Wiser, 52 
 Wisest, 54 
 Wish, 96, ]01 
 Wished, 101 
 Wishes, 106 
 Wist, 99 
 With, 59 (rem.), 
 
 91, 94, 101, 106 
 Without, 104 
 Witness, 106 
 Woman, 21, 40 
 Wondered, 106 
 
 Word, 99, 101 
 Work, 22, 71, 79 
 World, 68, 78 
 Worse, 51 
 Worshipped, 101 
 Worst, 53 
 Worthy, 104 
 Would, 101, 
 
 104, 106 
 Wound, 72 
 Wretched, 38, 87 
 Write, 106 
 Wrought, 80, 81 
 
 Xerxes, 63 
 
 103, 
 
 Xeuxis, 74 
 Year, 94 
 Yet, 65, 83 
 You, 62 (rem.), 88, 
 94, 98. 99 (rem.) 
 
 (sign of 2nd 
 
 pers. sing.;, 15 
 
 (sign of 2nd 
 
 pers. plu.), 99, 
 101, 104, 106 
 
 Young, 23, 74, IO6 
 Younger, 7I 
 Your, 5, 62, 98 
 Yours, 98 
 Youth, 64 
 
GEEEK INDEX. 
 
 The Numbers refer to the Exercises, not to the Pages. 
 
 "A, 98 
 
 'AJSXaPrig, 84 
 "APovXog, 78 
 *Aya66v, 49 
 *Aya96g, 3 
 "AyyeXoQ, 94 
 AyrjdiXaoQ, 86 
 "AyKVptty 96 
 *Aya9oicXrig, 106 
 'Ayopd(7U)(n, 96 
 'AypiTTTTagy 106 
 *A7p6c, 70 
 'AdsX(})ri, 1, 68 
 *AdeX(p6g, 1, 69 
 'A^/iric, 87 
 *ASpiag, 94 
 'Aei, 91 
 'Ajy^ric, 37 
 *A0€ratoc, 75 
 "A^t/cro^, 80 
 'AOpooc, 79 
 "AGvfiogj 79 
 Ai, 98 
 
 AlyXrjsigy 87 
 AiyvTrriog, 4:6, 76 
 AtyuTrroc, 71 
 AtXoupoc:, 80 
 At/iaroft^, 87 
 Ale, 98 
 At(T;^jOoc, 24 
 Ai(Txi>Xogj 31, 76 
 Ato'wTroe, 106 
 Alria, 78 
 Altiov, 99 
 AtXM??, 68 
 
 'AKav6<odr]gy 37 
 'Akoyj^ 99 
 *Afcpi/3ft«, 68 
 *AKpi[3r)g, 84 
 "AKpog, 28 
 'AXa\aZorr£Cj 73 
 *AXaXd^tui/, 89 
 "AXac, 104 
 'AXstai^^poc, 31, 7 1 
 'AXriOsia, 78 
 'AXfjOrig, 82 
 'AX?/0tr6|g, 62 
 'AXwTT?;^, 74 
 'AX/ct/Sid^jyc, 68 
 ''AXK:tjuoc,43,77 (rem.) 
 'AXXd, 62, 67 
 *AXXi7Xoi'c, 88, 98 
 *A\XriXojVj 98 
 "AXXoc, 67, 90 (rem.) 
 'AXoyioToc, 83, 104 
 ^AfiaOrjg, 84 
 'AfiapTTiaei, 101 
 ^AjLieivoJVi 51 
 'Afifjv^ 94 
 'A//0ippo7rog, 79 
 
 'A/Xtr/XWl/, 84 
 
 "Ar, 104 (rem.) 
 'Ai^d, 94 
 
 'AvafiXi-^jag, 96 
 'Aj^ayfcaiot;, 91 
 'Aj^a^j^rtti^, 70 
 ' AvaKXiOfjvaij 96 
 'Avaicvxpai, 94 
 'AvaXafiioVj 80 
 
 'AvaXKncofjifvogy 88 
 "Aj/a^, 45, 74 
 'AraTrai/fri^, 106 
 'Avdpsia, 66, 78 
 'ArdpeXogj 79 
 
 'AvSKELTOf 70 
 
 *Av£fx6stg^ 87 
 *AvefA.(ovT], 36, 76 
 'Ai^l7r€(7f, 106 
 'AveirixeiprjTogf 80 
 "Ai^fu, 104 
 * Avex^priaaVy 86 
 'AvTjp, 74 
 "Ai^^og, 74 
 "Aa/0pw7rog, 40, 76 
 "Ai/oy^, 104 
 'Ai'r€;)^oi/r€c> 73 
 'Ai^Tf'i^wj/, 89 
 'Aj^r/otKo^, 104 
 "Ai/y^poc, 73 
 'A^ta, 60, 66 
 ''A4'toc, 104. 
 "Aoi//, 87 
 'ATTavTioVf 78 
 "ATrac, 86 
 
 "ATTftjWt, 106 
 
 ^ATreicpLvarOf 83 
 'ATTtXefir, 96 
 'ATTfXf^wj/, 96 
 'AireXXrig, 47, 60, 64 
 
 ^ATTsXvffSj 101 
 
 'ATriyX^t, 99 
 ^ATTTjvrig, 84 
 'ATryu)pr](7ey 88 
 'ATrXrjfTTiaf 80 
 
'Atto, 88 
 
 *A7roSoOi]vai, 101 
 ^AwoSog, 101 
 'ATToSovvaiy 101 
 'Atto^w^tw, 101 
 ^ A7ro9vr)cncu}i>, 75 
 ' AiroKpiOfigf 94 
 ^ ATTOKpy-sbaiy 86 
 'A7r6\?;rai, 99 
 'AttoXvo-ov, 96 
 ^ATToXcj/jitOay 88 
 'ATrdoToXoc, 94 
 * Atv pay p.u)V^ 84 
 *Ap^dfjL8vog, 101 
 'ApyfcTo^, 71 
 'Apyoc, 14 
 'ApyvptOJ^', 7*5 
 'Apcrr?, 50, 68 
 ;Api/3a^oc, 71 
 'AptoTfi^rjC, 106 
 *Api(Trr](n], 106 
 "Aptorrov, 106 
 "AptoToc, 53 
 "Aporpov, 83 
 'ApTTayr?, 106 
 "ApTra^, 87 
 ' ApTat,Ep'^rjg^ 68 
 "Apro^, 19, 76 
 "Apru/xa, 106 
 ^Ap-)(^ieoavQ, 99 
 "Ac, 98 
 
 'A(70€j^£ta, 41, 68 
 'A<79evr]Q, 41 
 'Acta, 66 
 *A(T(TvpLa, 46, 66 
 ^A(T<Tvpiog^ 46, 76 
 'Acr^aXcia, 91 
 ^ArkpjjLioVf 84 
 ' ATL9d(T(TevTog, 43 
 "ArpsTTTog, 79 
 *ArTLKrjy 68 
 AhdTrjpog, 38 
 Aur?;, 39, 90 
 Ai;r//, 90 
 Atfri?c> 65, 90 
 Auro, 90 
 
 GEEEK INDEX. 
 
 A/toi^ 70, 88, 90 
 A?;roc, 73, 90 
 Ai/rou, 25, 90 
 Aurot'c, 88, 90 
 Avt6')(^0(x)v, 84 
 Ai)r<^, 83, 90 
 At/rwi>, 86, 98 
 'AcpavTjg, 44 
 'A06<c, 104 
 "A(p9ovog, 43 
 
 'A07}/C€, 101 
 
 'A(f)rj(Jijj, 101 
 'A(pi8Tai, 104 
 'Acppovsararog, 54 
 *A(ppovs(TT8pog, 62 
 'Aippojv, 44, 106 
 
 Ba^j'^C, 35 
 BaOiraroc, 54 
 BaOtTfpoc, 52 
 BaXoj/rfc, 73 
 BaXwi^, 89 
 BdppapoQ, 67, 71 
 Brtpyc, 87 
 BacrtXfta, 101 
 Bao-iXtvc, 33, 62, 72 
 BacriXLaaa, 33, 68 
 Bdrpaxog, 91 
 BgjSaioc, 78 
 Bt/3Xtoj/, 1, 76 
 Biog, 91 
 BXffifjLa, 74 
 Boiwrta, 68 
 Boiwrog, 86 
 BoXhag, 96 
 Borpuc, 36, 74 
 BovXea9^, 101 
 Bot-Xsrai, 106 
 BovA?7, 78 
 Bpa(jidag, 91 
 Bpaxv, 96 
 BpaT^iJCj 87 
 Bpojfia^ 96 
 
 rayy/7C, 47, 68 
 ra///3p6c, 71 
 
 135 
 
 Vdp, 12, 83 
 re, 65 
 
 Teypafi/XEvog, 70, 81 
 reXotoc, 79 
 rl/xft, 106 
 r£i/€(T0at, 96 
 r€j/j7, 88 
 Tsvrfrai, 94 
 rfci/i^aioc, 13, 75 
 VevSfJLevoQy 81, 86 
 Tspijjv, 74 
 rewjoyoc, 83 
 ri}, 68 
 ri?pac, 74 
 Trjpdcncio, 75 
 Ttv6jLt£j/oc, 75, 81 
 rXir/ciwy, 83 
 rXvKuc, 35 
 TXa)(7(jaXyiaf 83 
 Ti/ot'c, 88 
 Tvwjjirjy 86 
 ri/a>pt(Tat, 86 
 Toj^ft'C, 78 
 Tovv, 67 
 Tpdfijjia, 60, 106 
 Tpacpsig, 89 
 rpcKbtlrrav, 60 
 TpaipiKog^ 62 
 rpa'0a>, 106 
 Tvi/^, 21, 74 
 
 Advsicv, 101 
 Aapftoc, 70 
 AaT//iXi7c, 84 
 Ag, 62, 67, 91 
 As (cai, 83 
 Ati, 99 
 AfiXo'c, 23 
 Afiii/, 106 
 AeivoQj 24 
 Aft^ac, 73, 89 
 Asjca, 93 
 Agfcctroc, 93 
 Akvdpog^ 101 
 Afcoc, 74 
 AeDjCJO, 88 
 
136 
 
 A&vTSpog, 93 
 Aff, 88 
 
 ArjKTLKOCy 75 
 
 Ai]ijLoa9svrjQ, 4:7 1 76 
 Ar}vdpiov, 101 
 Aid, 73, 88 
 Aid TOvTOj 94 
 AiaOprjaai, 70 
 AtaKTocrtoi, 93 
 Atarcoatoaroc, 93 
 Atofcrr/ycrac, 96 
 AiaTsivaaOatf 99 
 AiacpfpofJLSi'og, 96 
 At^arTKaXfiO)/, 83 
 AttAi^cg, 86 
 AiB7rffji\p€j 86 
 AiepevvbJixEiwg, 80 
 AiicatGQ, 11 
 An^aaTYjQ, 80 
 Ai^, 93 (rem.) 
 Ai^XtXtoi, 93 (rem.) 
 At •<//«, 68 
 Ar«//0(,-, 73 
 Aorg, 96 
 Ao?}\o^, 101 
 Aciii/at, 99 
 Ap«r£, 101 
 Apt-j^vg, 44, 85 
 AvvaLVTO, 86 
 /^vvdjJLtvogf 88, 94 
 Avvafiig, 74 
 AvfffJLaxog, 67 
 
 AV(7TVXVQ) ^^ 
 
 Ai»w, 93 
 A6b»^fica, 93 
 Aw^fifcaro^, 93 
 Awpor, 69 
 
 *'E, 98 
 
 •Eaj/, 88, 104 (rem.) 
 "Eap, 50, 74 
 *Eauroie, 96, 98 
 •Eayrdr, 88, 98 
 VEavrci), 60, 98 
 'Eavrcv^, 88, 98 
 
 GEEEK INDEX, 
 
 'EpaTTTtuei], 106 
 *Ej3dofjLrjicovTdicig^ 96 
 "E/3o'o/io^. 93 
 ^Ei3poc, 47, 76 
 'EygVfro, 67, 96 
 'EysVoi/ro, 86 
 'EyK80a\of, 80 
 'Eyfcpariy^, 67 
 "Ey^'cD, 88 
 'Eyoi, 75, 98 
 'Eywy£, 104 
 "EdojKEy 96 
 'E^/rtTrf, 99 
 'E17, 98 
 
 'Eeavfiaffa, 104 
 'E^^paTTfi^tTf, 99 
 E/, 15 
 Et /ccfi, 39 
 Efc, 15, 103 
 Ei'jy, 103 
 ^Lrjfitv^ 103 
 Et?72/, 103 
 Ei7?c, 103 
 Elfjcrav, 103 
 Ei??r£, 103 
 Ei' Tyrol/, 103 
 EiKOfTi, 93 
 EtVocrroi^, 93 
 E/fcwi/, 60, 74 
 EIXe, 67 
 EtVt, 39, 103 
 EZi^at, 45, 103 
 EtTTf, 62 
 'EiTTy, 99 
 EZttoj/, 94 
 EiVoi^ro^, 70 
 EtTTOrf, 67 
 
 EtTTW, 104 
 
 EiVwr, 89 
 EIc, 93 
 EZ^, 103 
 E4', 65, 94, 101 
 Etg TO TraXiv, 106 
 EicaxOf/c, 62 
 EiceXOiov, 106 
 EiVt, 70, 103 
 
 EZra, 83 
 EZx£, 65 
 'E/c, 83 
 
 '^KaOapiaOrjcrav, 94 
 "EfcaOTOjf, 75 
 'EKarovj 93 
 ^Ercaronroif, 93 
 'E/c€t, 94 
 
 'E/cf (;j/oe,62, 90 (rem.) 
 'EKfiXfuoj/, 73 
 
 'E/C£\£U(7£, 99 
 
 'E/c;r£'(7w<Tt, 94 
 'FjicpdTi}(Tey 104 
 "Eicrof, 93 
 'Efc;)^wp?7crat, 83 
 *Ek(6v, 85 
 'EAtiXjydfi, 99 
 "E\€y£, 75 
 "EXeyov, 104 
 *EXEr]/j,o(7vvri, 103 
 'EAt/yjuwi/, 37 
 'EAtwOfptoi^', 83 
 'EAg'^a^, 30, 74 
 "EAOw, 106 
 'EA6?rJr, 80 
 'EAtfcwTTtc, 87 
 'EAifcw^') 87 
 "EXXrjv, 67, 72 
 'EA7r/^04jui, 104 
 'EXTTig, 104 
 'Efiaroy, 98 
 'Ejitg, 98 
 'EfisTprjffSy 94 
 'E/iot, 98 
 'E/iiogy 98 
 'E^ov, 86, 98 
 "E/jLTrXsixjg, 77 (rem.) 
 "EjLt7rpo(T6?£r, 99 
 "El/, 93 
 'El/, 60 
 'EpavTiogy 79 
 "Ei/^€K:a, 93 
 'Ei/^g/carojf, 93 
 "EvSoKoQ, 43 
 'Ev^o^or.aro^-, c3 
 "EvufAiy 106 
 
'EWrvxor, 106 
 *'Evs(paiveTOy 83 
 "EvOa, 65 
 'EvedSe, 106 
 "EvvaTog, 93 
 'Ej/rea, 93 
 'Evi/fa/cofftot, 93 
 'Ej/j/faKoctooToc, 93 
 *y^vvevr]icovraf 93 
 'Ei/i/ti'jyKocTroe, 93 
 '^EvTavBa, 70 
 'E^, 83 
 "E|, 93 
 "E^si, 99 
 'E^6\/9wr, 101 
 [mxth 73 
 *E^?7fcoi'rrt, 93 
 *E|j7K:o(Troc:, 93 
 'E^iKVHaOai, 88 
 "E^a>efx/, 106 
 "Eoiicf, 62 
 *E6^, 98 
 
 'E7ra/x€tva»V^ac,48,68 
 *ETta^r](ydiievoQy 86 
 'EiTTavyUj 83 
 'E7rax0»k? 84 
 *E7ri/3oa>j/, 106 
 
 "ETTftTf, 94 
 
 ^E7ryV€(76, 60 
 *E7r?;f)WT?7(7£, 106 
 "Ett/, 70, 101 
 
 *E7r£j8ot'X£V(TiE, 91 
 
 *E7rtj8oi'Xi7, 68 
 *E7riti/ci7^, 84 
 ^E7ri\€|a(T0£, 101 
 *EirifitKr]Q, 84 
 'ETTtvota, 88 
 
 ^ETTKTTTjfJirj, 106 
 'ETTKTTTJfJLiOVy 84 
 
 "E^rvtyt, 101 
 
 'ETTOtjyO'g, 106 
 'ETTOl^ft, 73 
 
 •ETrrd, 93 
 'Epyaffrifco^, 14 
 ^Eoyoi/, 22, 71 
 *Ep??/ioc, 96 
 
 OKEEK INDEX. 
 
 'Epi/3wXa^, 87 
 'Epu^poi^, 79 
 ''Ep;)^ojUrti, 106 
 "E(Tt(T0at, 103 
 "EcTfrai, 103 
 "Eay, 103 
 'Ed^toii/, 94 
 
 'E(T/i£2/, 103 
 
 "EcTo/iae, 103 
 'EdOjuti/og, 103 
 "E(7rat, 103 
 'EorrI, 103 
 "Etrrfi, 103 
 "EarrjffaVf 99 
 'Ecrri, 7, 103 
 'E(jt6v, 103 
 "Etrroi/, 103 
 "Eo-rw, 103 
 "Ecrrwi/, 103 
 "Ecrwcrai/, 103 
 "EawOev, 106 
 "Ert, 83 
 "Erog, 94 
 Evyevrjg, 44 
 Evyvitifiujv^ 84 
 Ehdaifiiov, 43, 82 
 Ei;£|oy£(Tta, 66 
 Ei'fpygVjyif, 80 
 EvrjQrjg, 84 
 EifOvfjielv, 73 
 Eu0i/^, 87 
 
 EvKVYlflig^ 87 
 Eu\6yjy(T6, 96 
 
 Evvrj, 65 
 Evvoiovj 104 
 EwTTopo^, 75 
 Ei-pc, 70 
 EvptTri^?;^, 68 
 Ei/p((TK:w, 99 
 Eupovrt^, 73 
 E?;pi;e, 44 
 Evptraroc, 54 
 Eupvrfpog, 52 
 EupwV, 89 
 Evpijj(TTiog, 73 
 Eucr€/3tta, 75 
 
 137 
 
 Evffaprig, 38 
 Ewrf u;j^oi}v» €g, 80 
 EuroX/io^, 37 
 Evrf^ia, 104 
 Ev^voi^, 80 
 'Ev^apigy 84 
 Evwx'^j 20, 68 
 "E^ayoi^, 96 . 
 E(pa(jav, 88 
 
 ''E(pE(TOg, 60, 71 
 
 "E02;, 80 
 'E0poj/fi, 67 
 "E^a, 80 
 "Ex^rf, 94 
 'Ex^twi/, 84 
 ;;Ex0p6g, 75 
 "ExOjLttv, 96 
 "Exor, 70 
 *E')^oprda9rj(TaVf 96 
 "ExoftTi, 96 
 "Ex^j/, 86 
 I'Ewc, 91 
 "Ea>^ av, 94 
 "Ect>^ OTOV, 104 
 
 Z^i/, 106 
 Zwypa^o^, 45, 76 
 Zoioj/, 40, 76 
 
 ^H, 2, 59 
 "H, 51, 67 
 "H, 98 
 'H, 103 
 "H, 98 
 "Hyayf, 70 
 "RyeiffOai, 73 
 'Hy€jua/i/, 74 
 'Hyep^?/, 104 
 'Hy 17 (To/iat, 101 
 "H^fitrf, 99 
 ''H^^, 96 
 "H^ttrrog, 53 
 ^Hdiujv^ 51 
 'H^i)^, 35 
 
 'H0€X??rT6, 101 
 
 "H/c€, 88 
 M 3 
 
138 
 
 GKEEK IISDEX. 
 
 •H/i6Tc, 88, 98 
 "Rfiav, 103 
 *Hfi8pa, 64 
 "Rfjiepog, 79 
 ^HfispuKrai^ 99 
 'Hjitertpo^, 98 
 *H/xTi/, 98 
 *B.fjiicrvg, 87 
 'H/Awi/, 94, 98 
 "Rv, 25, 103 
 "Hr, 80, 98 
 "Rpap, 96 
 'Hpwra, 106 
 ^H^, 98 
 'Rq, 103 
 ""Raav, 91, 103 
 ''Ha^a, 103 
 "Ho-rf, 103 
 ''H<rr??i/, 103 
 'H^rrox/, 103 
 'H(ru;^ia, 49, 68 
 "Hr£, 103 
 "Rrrjv, 103 
 'Hroj/, 103 
 
 ©dvaroQ^ 75 
 ©taadiuvoQ^ 60, 81 
 0eX£rf, 99 
 &k\i]fia, 99 
 ©eiJLiaroicXrjg, 83 
 eeo^, 78 
 
 ©tpOLTTiOVy 86 
 
 0€p/i?/, 49, 68 
 0£pa7r€ia, 75 
 ©sTTaXia, 66 
 ©fwpdrf, 106 
 ©j]^aioQ, 71 
 ©TipioVf 40, 71 
 0??(Tai;pdc, 75 
 ©j^r/ro^, 40 
 ®pg,Krjj 66 
 ®pa(TvQ, 87 
 0yXa^, 80 
 ©r/ioy, 80 
 
 'I<i<T(oi/, 74 
 "I^tog, 79 
 'IdiovQ, 70 
 'I^ou, 94 
 *Iowi/, 86 
 If pog, 77 
 ^lepoaoXvfia, 106 
 'Ij^rroug, 94 
 ^iKavog, 79 
 "Iz/a, 88, 99 
 'IvSia, 68 
 'Ii/^tK:6|g, 79 
 'lovdaiog, 94 
 'loi^oag, 99 
 "Ittttoc, 20, 62, 71 
 'Iffatag, 47, 68 
 "ItrOi, 103 
 * 1(7 Kap HOT T]g^ 99 
 'I(TO/cparj;c, 48, 76 
 'I(7%i;pof, 78 
 *lxOvg, 96 
 'Iwra, 94 
 
 Kayw, 99 
 KaO\ 75 
 Ka0api^er6, 106 
 'KaOapicTfiog, 94 
 KaOaoof, 106 
 Ka0a/c:, 99 
 Kai, 12 
 Kaii^of, 23 
 Kaipog, 91 
 KaKiorrog, 53 
 Ka/ciwv, 51 
 KaKodaiiJKjJV, 84 
 Ka/cof, 9 
 J^aKwg, 80 
 Ka'XXtcrro^, 53 
 KrtXXiwj/, 51 
 Ka'XXc^, 74 
 KaXoc, 10 
 'Kdfiarogj 50, 76 
 K^V, 88 
 Kap^ta, 104 
 KapTToc, 42, 70 
 Xaprfpof, 79 
 
 Kara, 60, 75, 83, 94 
 Kara ttoXu, 62 
 KarafJLovag, 106 
 KaratT/coTTog, 73 
 KaTEKTaviy 67 
 KaHXapt, 65 
 liaTbX9(jJiJL6v, 88 
 KarfXjjH'ai', 91 
 Kart (T/cfyacrph'OC, 80 
 Karr/(T0i5, 88 
 KariwV, 88 
 Karw, 88 
 'Keiuevog, 86 
 Kf trai, 94 
 KfXfucag, 86 
 "Kepaia, 94 
 Kepafxevg^ 106 
 Kip^oc, 104 
 Kf0aX?7, 80 
 Kt/c£pwx/, 48, 74 
 Kir^vj/oc, 78 
 'Kivdvwdrjg, 84 
 KXada^, 96 
 KXa<7/ia, 96 
 KXfOTrarpa, 34, 66 
 KXripog, 94 
 KotXoc, 73 
 Koti/6^, 78 
 KoXa^, 74 
 KoXotoc, 26, 70 
 Ko/xi^o?;(Tt, 73 
 Kofiitiov, 65, 89 
 Kox^tC) 86 
 KoTToc, 50, 75 
 Kopa^, 26, 74 
 KocTfiog, 78 
 K60tro^, 96 
 JLpdvogy 73 
 Kpariycrac, 101 
 
 KpSlTTCJVy 75 
 
 KptVt^, 80 
 KpoT(7oc, 34, 70 
 XpvfiSg, 49, 76 
 'Krrjfia^ 74 
 Kui^Tjyfcrtoi^, 71 
 KvJ'»yy<5c, 80 
 
gkeke: index. 
 
 139 
 
 Kvpiogy 101 
 
 KvpOQy 71 
 
 KvijJVy 83 
 
 KibfMT]^ 96 
 
 Aapojv, 96 
 Adyog, 71 
 AayioQf 69 
 AaKS^aiiiovioQ^ 
 AaXrjaaiy 106 
 AafXTrdgy 72 
 Aa/XTTjOo^, 79 
 Ascavaf 30, 65 
 A«7ft, 80 
 A£7£r6, 104 
 Afyd/ifj/og, 99 
 Aeyovai, 91 
 Af'yw, 94 
 Asyuv^ 96 
 Af'wv, 30, 74 
 AjjaTTjQj 66 
 Atyvf, 87 
 AiQivoQy 94 
 Aifivt], 91 
 Aoyto^, 24 
 Aoyior?;^, 74 
 Aoyoc, 101 
 Aoidopluj 75 
 AotTrdg, 106 
 Av^oc;, 78 
 
 Ma0ijr^e» 94 
 Ma*cap, 87 
 MaKsdiov, 46, 73 
 ^laKpo9viJ,T](Jovy 101 
 Majcpog, 28 
 Maprup, 106 
 'MdraiOQj 11 
 Mar^iat', 94 
 Ma;^?;, 78 
 Mf, 98 
 
 MeyaXoTTpay/xwa^, 84 
 IslfyaXoTrptTrrjQy 83 
 Mtya/\60jOa>j^, 83 
 
 Msyac, 27, 90 
 MgyioTot', 53 
 Mfi^wv, 51, 82 
 Mftwj/, 84 
 MsXati/a, 27 
 UkXag, 27 
 
 MsfKplQ, 106 
 
 MtV, 65 
 Mfv -^f, 78 
 Uipog, 42, 74 
 Microj^i'/crioj/, 99 
 Msaog, 79 
 Mfo-rdc, 104 
 Mera, 75, 91, 94 
 MerprfTrjg, 94 
 Merpiog, 16 
 Mg, 73 
 Mi]i^oc, 91 
 
 Ml]KSTl, 88 
 
 M^Xoj/, 36, 71 
 Mrjv, 65, 74 
 M^7ra>c, 94 
 Mrjrrjp, 1 
 Mta, 93 
 MiKpog, 73 
 Mt(Tai/0pw7ro^, 78 
 Mvr]fir]y 6S 
 
 WvTjfKOVj 84 
 
 Moytpd^, 14 
 Mot, 96, 98 
 Motpij^og, 78 
 Mdi/oi>, 67 
 Moj/oc, 65, 77 
 MopiJLoXviceioVj 80 
 Mou, 5, 98 
 Movaa, 64 (rem.) 
 Mvpiot, 93 
 M^vpLo^JTog^ 93 
 Mi;p(TiV»7, 18, 76 
 Mvc, 80 
 Mwpdf, 104 
 
 HavTTjgf 96 
 Nfavicrg, 64 
 
 NflXoj:, 47, 76 
 NfKpdf, 79 
 
 Neoc, 23 
 Nfwrcpot', 71 
 l^fjOTTig, 74 
 Nik?/, 32, 66 
 Nt/cddrparo^, 71 
 ^ojjioOETrjgy 75 
 Ndyuo^, 94 
 Nod^, 69 (rem.) 
 No(Tourr€c^ 80 
 Noi/t:, 69 (rem.) 
 Nyi^, 106 * 
 N?;^, 86 
 N(^', 98 
 Nwt, 98 
 NwtV, 98 
 Nwtrtpo^, 98 
 NwXf/i?/^, 84 
 N^^Jj/, 98 
 
 jSsp^i/^, 68 
 
 ^ev^tgj 74 
 S?/pdf, 79 
 
 •0, 2, 59 
 "0, 98 
 
 'Oy^oi7KroJ/ra, 93 
 'Oy^oj/fcocrdj^, 93 
 "Oy^ooc, 93 
 "Oyf, 62 
 'O^fi^wi/, 73 
 'O^dy, 69, 73 
 Ot, 59 
 Oi, 98 
 OiVi'a, 80 
 OZkoc, 17, 106 
 OJvog, 19, 76 
 OtVo*//, 87 
 Olog, 29 
 
 OtTTtp, 70 
 
 Olgy 98 
 'Oktw, 93 
 'OXi'yo^, 79 
 "OXoc, 99 
 'CVr^Xi^, 74 
 "OfiTjpog, 34, 76 
 
140 
 
 greeb: index. 
 
 *OfjioXoyovvrai, 104 
 'OjU^aXotte, 87 
 "Ov, 98 
 ''Ovofiay 94 
 *0^vg, 35 
 "OTTspf 98 (rem.") 
 "OttXov. 32, 71 
 "Ottoi;, 104 
 "OTTLjg, 88 
 *0py)7, 78 
 *OpyiXog, 80 
 'Opyi^ta, 96 
 'Ojoiov, 71 
 'Opjxri, 32, 68 
 "Opvtc, 26, 74, 78 
 
 ^OpOPTTjQ, 68 
 
 Vpwv, 70, 88 
 'OpwvrojVj 73 
 "Oc, 98 
 "Ocroc, 101 
 "OcTTcp, 98 (rem.) 
 'Oar&ov, 69 (rem.) 
 "Ocng, 98 
 "Orav, 104 
 "On, 67, 99 
 "0 ri 98 (rem) 
 OIj, 25 
 Ov, 98 
 0^, 99 
 OudaiJLOVy 70 
 0^^£, 80 
 Ovdsv, 70, 80 
 Oi/fc, 25 
 0^2/, 73 
 Ovpai/o^, 94 
 Ovg, 86, 98 
 Oi»roc, 39, 90 
 OvTwg, 65 
 Oi;rw^ apa, 83 
 Ohx, 25 
 Oi»Xi, 94 
 'OcpeiXsig, 101 
 'OcpiLXkrric^ 101 
 "O^sXe, 104 
 'O^OaXjuoe, 104 
 O0if, 74 
 
 "0%\oc, 94 
 "0$ia, 96 
 
 Ilat^aytuyoc, 83 
 UaiStia, 75 
 Ilatotoi/, 99 
 llaTg, 21, 74 
 Ualaag, 104 
 naXti/, 96 
 IlaXrdi/, 71 
 Hax/oupyia, 75 
 UavraTTaai, 88 
 Ilai/rgX??^, 94 
 ndvTsg, 83 
 ndvT(ov, 73, 75 
 ITaVv, 83 
 napa, 67, 106 
 Uapadw(T(o^ 99 
 UapaKv-ipag, 88 
 napaXajLt/3ai^6rai,104 
 Xlapara^dfiavog, 86 
 nap^aXtc, 42, 67, 74 
 Hdpsiixi, 106 
 Ilapft^, 104 
 riap^X^Eti^, 65 
 IlapsX^^, 94 
 naprjXee, 96 
 TiapvaaTig, 74 
 riapwr, 91 
 n5^, 39, 85 (rem.) 
 Uarripy 1, 74 
 ITarraXog, 88 
 IIei(7L(Trpdrrjg, 83 
 rifXoTri^ac, 68 
 Ui^ixirrog, 93 
 nti/ia, 49, 68 
 nsi/rf, 93 
 IleTrtarfuTYit, 67 
 UkiTwv^ 84 
 lispdiKicaCj 48, 65 
 n^pi, 91 
 
 n^pio^o^, 42, 70 
 TltpL(T(Tevit)V^ 96 
 n€ffwi/, 101 
 Ilfrpa, 68 
 
 TisTpog, 101 
 Uijyrj, 106 
 niyxfc, 94 
 m/cp6^, 79 
 TliXdrogy 99 
 Ilivdiciovy 70 
 nij/al, 106 
 ntcrrdf, 79 
 niwv, 73, 89 
 uXarvg^ 87 
 nXarwi/, 31, 74 
 nXfiwi/, 84 
 UXrjeog, 106 
 
 nx*??/, 106 
 
 UXrjprjg^ 96 
 nXot'frtog, 16 
 nXovo'twraroc, 5i 
 nXoi;(T£{or€pof, 52 
 nXoLTap^^o^, 80 
 uXovrogy 49, 70 
 Tlvev^ay 94 
 noti7(7ac, 99 
 Uoirjrrjg, 33, 66 
 TToXfjuto^, 79 
 ndXf/xo^, 49, 70 
 ndXtc, 94 
 UoXirrjQy 91 
 noXXj7, 27, 90 
 UoXXoJVy 88, 90 
 JJoXval^, 87 
 UoXvdeipdg^ 87 
 UoXvfxaOrjg, 75 
 UcXvfirjTigf 87 
 noXt-i:, 27, 90 
 nov?;pia, 49, 68 
 noj/>?p6c, 79, 104 
 IToi/rtKoc, 79 
 UopevOsig, 99 
 Tlopivui^Taiy 99 
 riocraicie, 99 
 IToo-og, 94 
 riorajLtoc, 42, 
 riorfe, %b 
 TloTfjpiovy 106 
 nov, 94 
 
GEEEK INDEX. 
 
 141 
 
 Tlpa9i]vai, 101 
 
 Xlpdyfia, 74 
 Updkag, 86 
 Tlp(}og, 104 
 TLpdrrovTig, 80 
 TlpaTTovat, 91 
 lipefTGvQ, 87 
 npo, 86 
 
 Tlpoj]fiapTr}K(jjg, 106 
 TlpoeipTjKaj 106 
 npo^X^f, 6o 
 n|OoX£y(.>, 106 
 ITjoovoia, 78 
 IIpoo;//tf, 91 
 ITpoc, 73 
 TTpo^aytti^, 96 
 XlpoqayoVTOQi 83 
 npogdoKiofiefOQ^ 104 
 npogeXOwvy 101 
 npoe6\€t;(TOjLta6, 88 
 npot^fTTotfiro, 88 
 
 ITpocfvxojLiei^og, 106 
 npo^^X^oj/, 96 
 Upogrjpsyicav, 99 
 
 npoe?/2^€X^^/' 1^1 
 UpogLovrog, 83 
 npo^Ki'j/ft, 101 
 npo^ra^a^. 85 
 Ilpo(l)r)Tr}g, 45, 68 
 Ilpvp,va, 96 
 npwT-oc, 93 
 Ilrfpofitg, 87 
 XlroXofialog^ 71 
 ITrw^og, 16 
 
 T^'^to^, 78 
 "PdtJTog, 78 
 •Pr)jLia, 99 
 'Pr/ra>p, 45, 74 
 'Pi^^a^, 96 
 'Podov, 18, 71 
 •Pw>7;, 78 
 
 2€, 98 
 
 StaifroT', 98 
 
 ^efiipafiigj 31, 67, 74 
 2?7, 98 
 
 ^i]liipov, 104 
 Sf^svof, 41, 76 
 2t^//poc, 22, 106 
 2tK£/Vta, 66 
 2t/Ci;(t»Vto^, 78 
 XiTog, 83 
 S'Cfuoc, 80 
 :ZK:\rip6g, 79 
 ^KToreij/df;, 104 
 2/coro^, 104 
 ^icvQiKog, 79 
 ^KVfivogj 65, 71 
 2,aifco6g, 104 
 5o£. 88, 98 
 SoXwj/, 74 
 :Soc, 98 
 :§oy, 5, 98 
 2o0ta, 78 
 2o^t^oju£i/o^, 88 
 ':^o(pog, 9 
 2o0ct»rarof, 54 
 ^ocfuorepog, 52 
 ^TTapra, 91 
 27rrtprtar?2C, 86 
 27r?')Xa(.oj^ 50, 71 
 ^TrXayx'^^f^deig, 101 
 ^ra9r)(TeTai, 106 
 Sro/xa, 106 
 2rpar€yo^, 45, 75 
 ^TpaTidf 68 
 ^rparioJTrjg, 66 
 Si;, 98 
 
 ^vYicaTe-ipr](pi(y9sj 94 
 5uy/cu7rra>i/, 94 
 :^v\\afjif3dvwvf 88 
 2wX\af-, 48, 68 
 Syyu/xaxo^, 71 
 ^vinTrdpeiiJLij 106 
 '^vficbopd, 68 
 Sfi/aipfiv, 101 
 Svi^apat, 101 
 2t;i/^o»;Xoc, 101 
 ^vpeifXL, 106 
 :Svvr]YiJLEvog, 99 
 
 2?'i^?7Kra»^, 79. 
 ^vpaKOvaaty Q^ 
 'X^tvapog, 41 
 2upia, 99 
 :Su(7rpar£U(7a/i£J^O(:, 
 
 65, 81 
 2voTpar//yd^, 71 
 20ac, 98 
 20f, 98 
 -^(psrepog, 98 
 "^(picn^ 98 
 2(i)W, 98 
 20w£, 98 
 20a;t, 98 
 50a>h', 98 
 -^^ipi^'iv, 98 
 20wtr£po^, 98 
 20wJ^, 98 
 5^<^v, 98 
 2%oX]7, 50, 68 
 '^iij9)](j6iJ,E9aj 88 
 2d>jLta, 83 
 ^iij(ppii)Vj 84, 
 
 TaXavrov, 101 
 TaXac, 87 
 Tajuiac, 46, 76 
 TaTTttvdc, 104 
 Taxv, 104 
 Ts, 67, 94 
 Tdxog, 94 
 Tfi/croi/, 101 
 Te'pava, 87 
 Tsprjv, 87 
 TftTo-apaVig, 93 
 TeaaapdKovra, 93 
 Tfo-capa/coffrd^, 93 
 T£(7(rap5e, 93 " 
 TeTapTOQ, 93 
 Tfrpaywrog, 94 
 TsTpdicLg, 93 (rem.) 
 T€ri»<^a>jLi£j^oc, 70, 81 
 Tex9tLg, 104 
 Ti, 29, 67,83,84,91, 
 TifjLTj, 64 
 Tifxritig, 87 
 
142 
 
 grep:k index. 
 
 T/yutof, 13, 38 
 Ti)U(oi/, 78 
 Tifiotpiaj 106 
 Tivd, 70 
 Tig, 29, 84, 98 
 To, 2, 55 
 Toyf, 62 
 ToLovTog, 67, 90 
 
 TOTTOC, 70 
 
 ToaovTog, 90 (rem.) 
 Tore, 99 
 Tov, 59 
 TovToig, 70, 90 
 Tovro, 39, 90 
 TpaVf^a, 17,68 
 Tpavjuaj 72 
 T|Oa;^vf, 87 
 TpsXg, 93 
 Tpta, 93 
 Tpietfcoi^ra, 93 
 Tp la/cocrrd^, 93 
 Tpt^, 93 (rem.) 
 Tpi|g%iXtot, 93 
 TpiToc, 93 
 TpoxaXog, 28 
 Tpv^epog^ 79 
 T|Oi'x??poc, 79 
 Twpai^j^og, 83 
 TurpOeig, 85 
 Tv'x^;, 78 
 T^T, 59 
 
 'Ya/ctr0oc, 18, 76 
 YyiaivovTeg, 80 
 ;Yyp6c, 79 
 'Yddcrwfjgy 106 
 'Y^artoi/, 73 
 'Y^pta, 94 
 "Y^wp, 19, 73 
 Yloc, 71 
 'Yjuae, 98 
 ]Y/if tg, 94, 98 
 *Y/ier£poc, 98 
 V/iij/, 94, 98 
 
 •Yfiwv, 98 
 
 'YTraVx?/, 104 
 ^YTTtvoovVy 96 
 'Y7repT](pavogy 43 
 'Ytto, 60, 73 
 'YTTOKjOirryg, 80 
 'YpKavog^ 71 
 *Y(jTd<J7rr}gf Q6 
 
 ^ayetvy 96 
 ^ai^fi^, 89 
 ^avsvTog, 73 
 ^avrarjia^ 83 
 ^aptaalogj 106 
 ^dcryavov, 17, 71 
 ^oro-t, 67 
 4>fi(T0jLiat, 106 
 ^speTSy 96 
 ^£vyip, 104 
 ^??(Tt, 106 
 '^i?(7rog, 106 
 ^iXopyvpia, 68 
 4>tXajOyupo(;, 78 
 ^►tXepyoC) 79 
 4>tAia, 78 
 
 ^tXlTTTTOi^, 71 
 
 4>i\6^woc, 75 
 ^iXofiaOrjg, 106 
 ^tXoTrarpit;, 84 
 ^iXog^ 75 
 ^iXocfo^iUj 75 
 ^iX6<7C(pog, 76 
 ^opapog, 79 
 *d/3oc, 106 
 ^oPovusvogy 96 
 4>ojOa, 104 
 4>povftc;, 70 
 ^po^'^^cTic:, 74 
 ^ovifjiog, 44 
 ^povi^cJrepog, 52 
 4>oo2/oui^ra, 70 
 ^povUbVy 89 
 ^vydg, 87 
 
 *wj//;, 22, 68. 
 ^w^', 78 
 
 Xapifi(;, 12 
 XftjUrt, 50, 76 
 X€i|0, 80 
 XiXioi, 93 
 XiXtoord^, 93 
 Xdpro^, 96 
 Xps/a, 96 
 Xp£/^£ri(rae, 62 
 X,o^, 73 
 Xprjcrifjiog, 15 
 Xpijaov, 99 
 Xpriarogy 10 
 Xpoj/of, 83 
 Xpvaiov, 75. 
 Xpt^croroKOc, 79 
 Xpwjua, 74 
 Xu/pay 68 
 Xojpiovy 20, 76 
 Xwpoij/, 94 
 
 ^^X^, 83 
 
 'G, 15, 103 
 ""Q ourc^, 88 
 ""Q, 98 
 ^Q^f, 96 
 *QKvg, 87 
 "Ojugi^, 103 
 'QfioiioOri, 101 
 "Qi/, 83, 88, 103 
 ''Qvy 98 
 'Qdi/, 75 
 *'Qpa, 96 
 ^QpaTogy 13 
 ^Qpfirjaarey 101 
 ^Qg, 62, 73, 86, 96 
 "Qg Siy 70 
 'Og£t, 96 
 "Q<jiy 103 
 ''QcTTtp, 88 
 'a^aXt, 101 
 
GEAMMATICAL INDEX. 
 
 The Numbers refer to the Exercises^ not to the Pages, 
 
 Orthography. I Number, 
 
 Accents, 2, 24, 29 ' Construction of dual, 59 (2) 
 
 Enclitics, 11, 19, 39, 98 (1), 103 Plural used for dual, 78 (5) 
 
 (4) 
 
 Euphonic letters, 25, 70 (10) 
 Interchange of letters, 72 (7) 
 Words unaccented, 65 (3) 
 
 Words, 
 
 Position in sentence, 49, 70 (1), 
 
 106 (2) 
 Words understood, 65 (4), 67 (1), 
 
 70 (7), 91 (6), 106 (1, 6) 
 
 Particles, 
 
 Construction of ^s, 65 (1) 
 
 likv y£, Q6 (5) 
 
 — iilv de, 91 (3) 
 
 av, 104 (6) 
 
 idv, 104 (4) 
 
 • 17, 62 (5) 
 
 Construction of genitive, 60 (1), 
 62 (5), 75 (1), 88 (3), 91 (5, 9) 
 
 dative, 59 (4), 
 
 60 (1), 70 (7), 91 (4), 99 
 (3, 8, 10), 101 (2, 6, 7) 
 
 •— — accusative, 60 
 
 (1, 4), 62 (2), 75 (5), 94 (2), 
 
 104 (3), 106 (4, 7) 
 
 • vocative, 62 (4) 
 
 Nominative absolute, 75 (2) 
 Genitive absolute, 96 (2) 
 Equivalent of English possessive, 
 
 80(2) 
 
 Names of towns used in plural, 
 68 (2) 
 
 Singular verb with plural no- 
 minative, 106 (10) 
 
 The Article, 
 
 Declension, 59 
 
 Agreement, 2 
 
 Position, 33 
 
 Used in Greek but not in English, 
 
 31, 35, 104 (1), 106 (4) 
 Used in English but not in Greek, 
 
 104 (5) 
 Used for relative and verb, 99(11) 
 Personal Pronouns, 94 
 
 (4) 
 
 8U(5) 
 
 - Possessive Pronouns^ 
 
 Nouns. 
 
 First declension, 64 
 Second declension. 69 
 Third declension, 72 
 Position, 33 
 Gender, 17 
 Compounds, 99 (15) 
 Genitives in a, 68 (1) 
 
 Adjectives. 
 
 First declension, 77 
 Second declension, 82 
 Third declension, 85 
 Irregular declensions, 90 
 
144 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 GKAMMATICAL IIS^DEX. 
 
 Agreement, 3 
 
 Used as nouns, 99 (12), 106 (3) 
 
 Comparison, 52, 54, 83 (1) 
 
 Numerals, 93 
 
 Construction of TroXvy, 75 (4), 
 
 91 (10) 
 
 . aWoc, 91 (3) 
 
 . avTOQ, 83 (6) 
 
 91(1,2) 
 Tie, 83 (7) 
 
 Fronouns. 
 Declensions, 98 
 Komiuative personals, 70 (5), 
 
 99 (4, 5) 
 Objective personals, 99 (6, 7) 
 Dative personals, 99 (7) 
 Possessives, 59 (3), Q6 (4), 99 
 
 (1,2) 
 Relatives, 86 (3), 99 (11), 101 
 
 (1), 106 (9) 
 Construction of iKtivcg^ 91 (6) 
 
 Verbs. 
 Governing accusative, 60 (4) 
 ■ dative and accusative, 
 
 101 (4) 
 
 dative, 91 (4), 99 (10) 
 
 dative of person, 99 
 
 (3, 8), 101 (2, 6, 7) 
 Compounds, 70 (9) 
 Impersonals, 73 (4), 106 (7) 
 Conjugation of fi/xi, 103 
 Forms of £i/xt understood, 99 
 
 (11), 106 (1) 
 Construction of infinitive, 86 (4), 
 
 104 (3), 106 (8) 
 
 — subjunctive, 104 
 
 1 FarttcipJes. 
 
 Declension, 85 (2) 
 Agreement, 81 (1) 
 Construction, 75 (2), 96 (2), 106 
 
 (9) 
 Used for past indicative, 99 (9) 
 Used for two past tenses, 101 (5) 
 Used substantively, 99 (15) 
 
 Adverbs, 
 Position, 83 (3) 
 Construction of ov, 25 
 iu^,94(l) 
 
 (4) 
 
 optative, 103 (5) 
 
 Equivalent of to, 59 (4), 70 (8), 
 99 (16) 
 
 ~ at, 59 (4\ 96 (1) 
 
 on, 59 (4), 70 (6) 
 
 hy^ 59 (4), 80 (3) 
 
 with, 59 (4), 91 (5) 
 
 from, 83 (2, 8) 
 
 Construction of ^id, 88 (3) 
 «k:, 83 (2) 
 
 (4) 
 
 (1) 
 
 - Iv, 60 (1), 106 
 
 - hirl, 70 (7) 
 
 - tiQ, 99 (16) 
 
 - Kara, 88 (2), 96 
 
 - jucra, 91 (5) 
 
 - TTgpt, 91 (9) 
 
 - irpoQ, 62 (2), 99 , 
 
 - vizo, 60 (1) 
 Conjunctions, 62 (5), 104 (4) 
 Idioms, 80 (4), 101 (3) 
 
 (16) 
 
 END OF FIRST COTJRSE. 
 
 J. BILLING, FRlNTEtt AND STEKEOTVIEK, GUILDFORD, SCRBET. 
 
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