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57th Congress. ] HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. j Document 
 
 '£d ScKS/on. \ I No. 458. 
 
 A 
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY 
 
 1774 TO 1903 
 
 THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS: SEPTEMBER 5, 1774, 
 TO OCTOBER 21, 1788, INCLUSIVE 
 
 THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS: THE FIRST CONGRESS TO THE 
 
 FIFTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS, MARCH 4, 1789, TO 
 
 MARCH 4, 1903, INCLUSIVE 
 
 A. d 
 
 Compiled under authority of Congress 
 
 WASHINGTON 
 
 GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 
 
 1903 
 
 vJVVw\ ^ 
 
 ll 
 
^NlC. 
 
 ,\JL^ 
 
 CONCURRENT RESOLUTION OF CONGRESS. 
 
 Resolrid hi/ the Ifniixc of H/'/irexentiitiveg (the Semite concurring), That there he ]>riiiteil, and hound 
 in cloth, three thouwmd eopies of a Consjressional I'irectory which enil)nice.s the l)iof;rai)hy of all 
 nienihers of Congress from the Continental Congre-ss to the Fifty-Keventh, inclusive, coinpileil hy 
 (). M. Enyart, two thousand copies for the use of the liouse of Representatives and one thousand 
 copies for the use of the Senate. 
 
 Passi-d Fehruary 10, ISI03. 
 
 §8BK9ffilBWWft 
 
TABLE OF OONTEl^TS. 
 
 Page. 
 
 Executive Ofpiceks, 1789-1903 3 
 
 The Continental Congress 15 
 
 The Congress ok the United States: 
 
 First Congress 19 
 
 Second Congress 22 
 
 Third Congress 25 
 
 Fourth Congress _ _ 28 
 
 Fifth Congress 32 
 
 Sixth Congress 36 
 
 Seventh Congress 39 
 
 Eighth Congress 42 
 
 Ninth Congress 46 
 
 Tenth Congress 49 
 
 Eleventh Congress 53 
 
 Twelfth Congress 57 
 
 Thirteenth Congress 61 
 
 Fourteenth Congress 65 
 
 Fifteenth Congress 70 
 
 Sixteenth Congress . . , . . l 74 
 
 Seventeenth Congress 79 
 
 Eighteenth Congress _ 84 
 
 Nineteenth Congress _ 89 
 
 Twentieth Congress 94 
 
 Twenty-first Congress 99 
 
 Twenty-seiond Congress 104 
 
 Twenty-third Congress 109 
 
 Twenty-fourth Congress 115 
 
 Twenty-fifth Congress , 121 
 
 Twenty-sixth Congress _ 127 
 
 Twenty-seventh Congress _ _ _ 133 
 
 Twenty-eighth Congress ] 39 
 
 Twenty-ninth Congress _ j 145 
 
 Thirtieth Congress ■ 151 
 
 Thirty-first Congress . 157 
 
 Thirty-second Congress _ 163 
 
 Thirty-third Congress 170 
 
 Thirty-fourth Congress 176 
 
 Thirty-fifth Congress 182 
 
 Thirty-sixth Congress 189 
 
 Thirty-seventh Congress I95 
 
 Thirty-eighth Congress _ 202 
 
 Thirty-ninth Congress 208 
 
 Fortieth Congress 214 
 
 Forty-first Congress 221 
 
 Forty-second Congress 228 
 
 Forty-third Congress 235 
 
 Forty-fourth Congress 243 
 
 m 
 
IV TABLK OK roNTKNTS. 
 
 THK t'oNCiBESS UK TIIK TTnitei) Stathh — ColltilUUHl. Pago. 
 
 Kiirty-liftli C'onpri'jw 251 
 
 Forfy-sixtli ConttrcKw 258 
 
 Forty-Hevt'iitli C<mji;ret»i 2(>5 
 
 FortvH'iglith Ci murc.-w 272 
 
 Forty-niiitli Ciiiigrt'si< 279 
 
 Kiftictli OiiiKrfxs 28G 
 
 Fifty-tirst d mpro-ss 293 
 
 Fifly-crrond Congress 301 
 
 Fifly-thiiil Conjfrt'xs 30!> 
 
 Fifty-fdurtli Conjiress 317 
 
 Fifty-fiftli Connresti 325 
 
 Fifty-^'i.\lh ConjjreKM 3:13 
 
 Fifty-seventh Con^rreHS 341 
 
 Bi(>ititAi-iiii'>; 349 
 
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS. 
 
 H. Doc. 458 1 
 
 .1 
 
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, 1789-1903. 
 
 APRIL .'-SO, 1789, TO JIAKl'H 4, 17 
 
 President. — Cteorge Washington, Virginia. 
 Vice-Presi<lait. — John Adams, JIassachusetts. 
 
 Secretary of Stah'. — John Jay, of New York, was 
 Secretary for Foreign Affairs under the Confedera- 
 tion, and continued to act, at the request of Wash- 
 ington, until Jefferson's arrival in Marcli, 1790; 
 Thomas Jefferson, of Virginia, Septeml^er 26, 1789. 
 
 Secrclarii aftJie Trea^iiri/. — Alexander Hamilton, 
 of New York, September 11, 1789. 
 
 Secretary of War. — Henry Knox, of Massachu- 
 setts, September 12, 1789. 
 
 Attorney-General. — Edmund Randolph, of Vir- 
 ginia, September 26, 1789. 
 
 Postmaster-Genera!. — Samuel (J,«goo<l, of :Massa- 
 chusetts, September 26, 1789; Timothy Pickering, 
 of Pennsylvania, August 12, 1791. 
 
 JIARCri 4, 179:5, TO MARCH 4, 1797. 
 
 President. — George Washington, Virginia. 
 
 Vice-President. — John Adams, Massachusetts. 
 
 Secretary of State. — Thomas Jefferson, of Virginia, 
 continued" from last Administration; Kdinund 
 Kandol]ih, of Virginia, January 2, 1794; Timothy 
 Pickering, of Pennsylvania (Secretary of War), 
 ad interim, .Vugust 20, 1795; Timothy Pickering, 
 of Penn.sylvania, December 10, 1795. 
 
 Secretary of the Treasury. — Alexander Hamilton, 
 of New York, continued from last Administration ; 
 Oliver Wolcott, jr., of Connecticut, Februar\- 2, 
 1795. 
 
 Secretary of War. — Henry Knox, of Massachu- 
 
 setts, continued from last Administration ; Timothy 
 Pickering, of Pennsylvania. January 2, 1795; James 
 McHenry, of Maryland, January 27. 1796. 
 
 Attorney-General. — Edmond Ramlolph, of Vir- 
 ginia, continued from last Administration; 'William 
 Bradford, of Pennsylvania, January 27, 1794; 
 Charles Lee, of Virginia, December 10, 1795. 
 
 PosUnaster-Geiieral. — Tiuiothy Pickering, of 
 Pennsylvania, continued from last Administration; 
 Timothy Pickering, of Pennsylvania, recomniLs- 
 sioned .tune 1, 1794; Joseph Habersham, of Geor- 
 gia, February 25, 1795. 
 
 MARCH 4, 1797, TO MARCH 4, 1801. 
 
 President. — .Tonx Adasis, ^Massachusetts. 
 
 Vice-President. — Tho.mas Jefferson. Virginia. 
 
 Secretary of Stale. — Timothy Pickering, of Penn- 
 sylvania, continued from last Administration; 
 Charles Lee, of Virginia (Attorney-General), ad 
 interim. May 13, 1800; John Marshall, of Vir- 
 ginia, May 13, 1800. 
 
 Secretary of the Treasury. — Oliver Wolcott, jr., of 
 Connecticut, continued from last Administration; 
 Samuel Dexter, of Massachusetts, January 1, 1801. 
 
 Secretary of War. — James McHenry, of Mary- 
 land, continued from last Administration; Benja- 
 
 min Stoddert, of Jlaryland (Secretary of tlie 
 Navy), ad interim. May 6, 1800; Samuel Dexter, 
 of Massachusetts?, May' 13, 1800; Sanuiel Dexter, 
 of Massachusetts (Secretary of the Treasury), ad 
 interim, January 1, 1801. 
 
 Attorney-General. — Charles Lee, of A'irginia, con- 
 tinued from last Administration. 
 
 Postmaster-General. — Joseph Haliersham, of 
 Georgia, continued from last Administration. 
 
 Secretari/ of the jS'aey. — Benjamin Stoddert, of 
 Maryland, May 21, 1798. 
 
 MARCH 4, 1801, TO MARCH 4, 1805. 
 
 President. — Thomas Jefferson, Virginia. 
 
 Mce-Pre.'tidenl. — Aaron Burr, New York. 
 
 Secretary/ of State. — Levi Lincoln, of Massachu- 
 setts ( Attorney-tTeneral ), ad interim, ]\Lirch 4, 
 1801; James ^ladison, of Virginia, March 5, 1801. 
 
 Secretary of the Trea.'niry. — Samuel Dexter, of 
 Massachusetts, continued from last Administra- 
 tion; Albert Gallatin, of Pennsvlvania, Mav 14, 
 1801. 
 
 Secretary of War. — Henry Dearborn, of Massa- 
 chusetts. March 5. 1801. 
 
 Attorney-General. — Levi Lincoln, of ilassadui- 
 setts, March 5, 1801. 
 
 Postmaster-General. — Joseph Habersham, of 
 Georgia, continued from last Administration; 
 (iideon Granger, of Connecticut. November 28, 
 1801. 
 
 Secretary of the Kavy. — Benjamin Stoddert, of 
 Marvland, continued from last Administration; 
 Henry Dearborn, of JIassachusetts (Secretary of 
 War)', ad interim, April 1, 1801; Robert Smith, of 
 Maryland, July 15, 1801. 
 
 3 
 
CONdRKSSIoNAI- KIKKCTOKY. 
 
 MAKCll 4, ISO.-.. TO MAUni 4, IHO!). 
 
 Pirsiiliiil. — TiroMAs .Ikki-khsun, \iiyiiiia. 
 
 Virr-l'nuitlfut. — (ii:i>i((;K ("mnton, .W-w York. 
 
 SiTiiitrij (>/ •S'/(W<'.— .liuiii'S Miidisiin, nl" Viiviiiia, 
 cnnliiitifil from \i\A Ailininistratiuii. 
 
 Siriiiirii iif till' 7Vr'(.«iin/.- -Alliert (iailatiii, of 
 IViinsylvania, C'iiiliiiiU'(l linin last Ailiniiiistniticin. 
 
 .Scn7>/ri/ af H'lir. — 1 Iciiiv I'l'arliiirn, nl Mas.ia- 
 chiisclls. i-oiitiiuwil Irnm last AiliuiiiiHtiatinii; Joliii 
 
 Smith (I'liiof fk'rk),ail iiitcriin, I'clirnary 17, IH09. 
 
 Alliiniiii-tlriirnil. — .loliii Hrfi'kciiriilf.'c, nf Ken- 
 tiii-ky, AnKUMtT, IS05; C';isar A. liiiilney.of rt-iin- 
 svlvniila, January 20, 1S07. 
 
 I'liKlmniilrr-dfuernl. — (iiilciin (irangcr, of Cori- 
 lu'ctifut, ('(intinucd from last Ailminisl ration. 
 
 Si'ricttirii ii/ llif Xiiii/. — KoIhtI Smith, ol Mary- 
 laiiil, contiinied from last .Vilmiiiistratioii. 
 
 MAKCll 4, IStHl, TO MAIU'II 4, 1S1:{. 
 
 Piv.ti<l,i)t.—J .\ut\s .Madison, \'ir<;inia. 
 
 \'ici-l'iv.liihtll. — (ilCOIttili C'l.INTO.N, Nl'W Yolk. 
 
 (Pii-(l April 20, 1S12.) 
 
 PiYfiiltiil pro lim]x>re iif till' Sciuiti. — Wii i iam II. 
 CitAWKoiiii, (icorjria. 
 
 Stniliini III •'^liil': — Rohfi't Smith, of Marylaiul, 
 March (5, 1S011; .Tamos Moiiroi-, of Virfiiiiia, April 
 L'. ISIl. 
 
 SiTnl'iri/ of till- 'IWn.inrii. — .\ll>ert (iallatiii, of 
 IVmisylvania, rontiniieil from last .\<lmiiiistratioii. 
 
 .SWrc/iirv (ij iViir. — ,loliii Smith (chief clerk I, ad 
 interim, coiitimu'd from last .Administration; Wil- 
 liam Kustis, of Ma.s.saclmsetts, March 7, 1S09; 
 James Monroe, of \'ir;iinia (Secretary of State), 
 
 ad interim, December 14, 1S12; John Armstrong, 
 of New York, January K^, 1S18. 
 
 .{Ihiriiifi-tn'iieriil. — Ca'sar .\. Uixlney, of Penn- 
 svlvania, continued from last Adniinistrntiun; 
 VVilliaml'inkney, of Maryland, Deeemlier 1 1, ISll. 
 
 l'i,!<Uiiiisli'r-<lc)iiriil. — (;i<leon (iranu'er, of Con- 
 necticut, contimied from la.st Adtninistration. 
 
 .s,;-i;iiirii of llu' Soil). — Kobert Smith, ul Mary- 
 land, contimied from last .Vdministr.ilion: I'auj 
 Hamilton, of South Carolina, .March 7, IS()9; 
 Charles \V. (ioldsborouiih liliief clerk), ad 
 interim, January 7, l.'^IS; William Jones, of I'eun- 
 svlvania, Januarv 1".', ISKJ. 
 
 MAKCll 4, 1S13, TO MAKCll 4, 1S17. 
 
 I'reitidatt. — ■Iame.'< M.vniso.v, Vii-jiinia. 
 
 riVr-ZVciiV/fi//. — Ki.imiiwiK ( ikhrv, Mas.sachii- 
 .«ett.s. (Died November !.•;{, 1814.) 
 
 I'rivliliiil />ni ttiiiiiiii;- <■)' llic Siinitr. — ,Tolin (iAii.- 
 I.AKI), Soiitli Carolina. 
 
 iSirrcUiiii of l^tili'- — James ^fonroe, of Virginia, 
 continued from la.st .Vdininistratioii; James Mon- 
 roe, of Virginia (Secretary of War), ail interim, 
 September SO, 1,SI4; James Monroe, of Virginia, 
 February 2S. 1S1.5. 
 
 ,Si-ri;iiirii >;/■ llif Tnnsurii. — .Mbert (iallatiii, of 
 Pennsylvania, I'ontimiei', from last .\dministralioii; 
 William Jones, of Pennsylvania (S cretary of the 
 Xavv), performed the iluties of the Secretary of 
 the 'freasiiry during the absence of Mr. (iallatin 
 in Euro)>e in l.Si:{; (leorge W. Campbell, of Ten- 
 nessee, Kebruarv !t, i.S14; .\lc.\ander J. Dallas, of 
 Pennsylvania, (ictoberd, 1S14; William il. Craw- 
 ford, of (ieorgia. October L'L', ISKJ. 
 
 Sccifliii-ii ill Will-. — John .\rnistrong, of New 
 York, continued from la.st Administration; James 
 
 >[onroe, of Virginia (Secretary of State), ad in- 
 terim, .\ugust.'51, 1814; Jame.sMonroc, of Virginia, 
 September L'7, 1814; , lames .Monroe, of \'irginia 
 (J^ecrctary of State), ad interim, .March I, ISl."); 
 .Mexander J. Dallas, of Pennsylvania (Secretary 
 of the Treasury), ad interim, March 14, 1815; 
 William II. Crawford, of (ieorgia, August I, 1815; 
 (ieorge (iraham (chief clerk), ad interim, Octo- 
 ber 1'2, 18 Hi. 
 
 Atliiniiii-lleueml. — William Pinkney, of Mary- 
 land, continued from last .\dministratioii; Kicli- 
 ard Kush. of Pennsylvania, February 10. \SH. 
 
 I'li.iliiiiish r-(iiiieriil. — (Jideon (irangi'r, of Con- 
 necticut, continued from la.st .\dmiiiistration; 
 Keturn J. Meigs, jr., of Ohio, March 17, 1814. 
 
 Sfinlnrii nf tin' Smii. — William Jones, of Peiin- 
 .sylvania, continued from last .Vdministration; 
 lienjamin Ilomaiis (chief clerk t, ail interim, 
 December L', 1814; lienjamin W. Crowninshield, 
 of ;\lassacliusctts, December l!l, 1814. 
 
 MAUCII 4. 1S17, TO MAKCll 4. ISL'I. 
 
 I'rrsirlnil. — Jamf-s Monuok. Virginia. 
 
 ]'ire-I'ri»i'liiil. — Daniki.D. ToMi'KiNs, New York. 
 
 Si'i-ri'tnrii nf N'e'c. — John (iraham (chief clerk), 
 ad interim, March 4, 1817; ,lohn <l. .\ilams, of 
 Ma.s.«achusetts, March 5, 1817; Kichard Kush, of 
 Pennsvlvania (.Vttornev-Ceneral), ad interim, 
 March" 10, l.sl7. 
 
 .Strriiiini nf till- Tivomirii. — William II. Crawford, 
 of (ieoi-gia, Continued from last Ailministi-ation; 
 William II. {^rawfonl, of Gt^orgia, i-econuiiissioiuHl 
 Mari'h h, \s]7. 
 
 SiTielnni nf Il'iir.— ( ieorge ( iraham ( chief clerk) , 
 ad interim,' March 4, 1817; John C. Calhoun, of 
 South Carolina, October H. 1817. 
 
 Allnriiiii-di'/iiTiil. — Kichard Kush, of Pennsvlva- 
 nia, continueil from last Ailministration; William 
 Wirt, of Virginia, November l.'i, 1817. 
 
 I'liMmimlir-luiieriil. — Ketnrii J. .Meigs, jr., of 
 Ohio, contimied from last .Administration. 
 
 So-riiiirii nf tin- ynni. — lienjamin W. Crowiiin- 
 shielil. of Massaclm.setts, continued from last 
 .\dmiiiisl ration; ,Iohii C. Calhoun, of South Caro- 
 lina (Seirclarv of War), ad interim, ( »ctolH-r 1, 
 1818; Smith T)ionii>.son, of New York, Noveml)er 
 9, 1818. 
 
 MAKCll ."■>, ISL'l, TO MAKCll 4, 1825. 
 
 Pri'Ki'lnrl. — Jamrs Monhok. Virginia. 
 1 "hv- I'ren'itliiil. — Da N 1 i:i. D. Ti im i-K i Ns, New Yi >rk. 
 Strrcliini nf Slnli'. — John IJ. .\daiiis, of Massa- 
 chusetts, coiitiuuetl from last Administration. 
 
 Sernlnriinf llif Tininiirii. — William H. Crawl'onl, 
 of (ieorgia, eonliinu'd from last .Xtlministnition. 
 
 Seiniiiiii nf W'lir. — John C. Calhoun, of South 
 Carolina, contiuueii fii'iii last Administration. 
 
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, l7.Sil-:903. 
 
 AUorneii-Cleneral. — William Wirt, rif Virginia, 
 continued from last Administration. 
 
 I'(mtiiiasitcr-<ien(ral. — Retnrn J. ^leigs, jr., of 
 Ohio, continued from last Administration; Jidiu 
 McLean, of Ohio, ,Tune 26, 1,S23. 
 
 Secrctari/ aftJie Xdvi/. — Smith Thr>miison, of New 
 
 York, continued from last Administration; ,Tohn 
 Kodgers (commodore, U. S. Navy, and president 
 of the Board of Navy Commissioners), ad interim, 
 September 1, ISl'.'i; Sanuiel L. Southard, of New- 
 Jersey, September 16, lS2o. 
 
 MARCH 4, 1825, TO JIARCH -t, 1829. 
 
 President. — John Qitincy Ad.vms, ^lassachusetts. 
 
 Vice-President. — Jonx C. Calhoux, South Caro- 
 lina. 
 
 Secretar;/ uf Slate. — Daniel Brent (chief clerk), 
 ad interim, March 4, 182.5: Henry Clav, of Ken- 
 tucky, >rarch 7, 1825. 
 
 Secniiir;/ iif tlie Treamirii. — Samuel L. Southard, 
 of New Jersey (Secretary of the Navy), ad interim, 
 March 7, 1825; Rich Rush, of Pennsylvania, 
 March 7, 1825. 
 
 Secrelari/ uf War. — James Barbour, of Virginia, 
 March 7, 1825; Sanuiel L. Southard, of New Jer- 
 sey (Secretary of the Navy), ad interim, Mav 26, 
 1828; Peter B. Porter, of New York, May 26, 1828. 
 
 Attoriieii-fieneral. — William Wirt, of Virginia, 
 continue<l from last Administration. 
 
 I'nxtiniixter-Geiiertil. — John McLean, of < Ihio, 
 continued from last Administration. 
 
 Secrcliiry of tlie Xari/. — Saumel L. Southard, of 
 New Jersey, continued from last Administration. 
 
 :\IARCH 4, 1829, TO ^L\RC1I 4, 1833. 
 
 President. — Andeew J.\ckkon', Tennessee. 
 
 Vice-President. — Jon.v C. C.vlhoun, South Caro- 
 lina. ( Resigned December 28, 1832.) 
 
 President pro tcnipiire of tlie Senate. — HuuH fj.wv- 
 SON White, Tennessee. 
 
 Secret ar ij (f Slate. — James -V. Hamilton, of New 
 York, ad interim, jMarch 4, 1829; Martin Van 
 Buren, of New York, ilarch 6, 1829; Edward Liv- 
 ingston, of Louisiana, May 24, 1831. 
 
 Secretary of the Ti-easunj. — Samuel D. Ingham, of 
 Pennsylvania, 3Iareh 6, 1829; Asbury Dickins 
 (chief clerk), ad interim, June 21, 1831; Louis 
 McLane, of Delaware, Augu.st 8, 1831. 
 
 Secretari/ of irfir. — John H. Eaton, of Tennessee, 
 March 9, 1829; Philip G. Randolph (chief clerk), 
 
 ad interim, June 20, 1831; Roger I!. Taney, of 
 Maryland ( Attorney-Oeneral) , ad interim, "julv 
 21, 1831; Lewis Cass, of Ohio, August 1, 1831. 
 
 .[ttorneii-Generul. — John i\L Berrien, of Georgia, 
 March 9, 1829; Roger B. Tanev, of JIarvland, 
 July 20, 1831. 
 
 Postinnsli r-treneral. — John McLean, of Ohio, 
 contimied from last Administration; William T. 
 Barry, of Kentucky, March 9, 1829. 
 
 Secretari/ of tlie JWiri/. — Charles Hay ( chief clerk ) , 
 ad interim, March 4,' 1829; John Branch, of North 
 Carolina, March 9, 1829; John Boyle (chief clerk), 
 ad interim. May 13, 1831; Levi Woodbury, of New 
 Hampshire, May 23, 1831. 
 
 JMARCH 4, 1833, TO MARCH 4, 1837. 
 
 President. — Axdrew Jackson", Tennessee. 
 
 Vice-President. — Martin Van Biken, New York. 
 
 Secretari/ of Slate. — Edward Livingston, of Louisi- 
 ana, continued from last Ailministration; Louis 
 McLane, of Delaware, May 29, 1833; John Forsyth, 
 of (ieorgia, .lune 27, 1834. 
 
 Secrelari/ of the Treasiiri/. — Louis McLane, of 
 Delaware, continued from last Administration; 
 William J. Duane, of Pennsylvania, ilay29, 1833; 
 R(.iger B. Taney, of Maryland, September 23, 1833; 
 McClintock Young (chief clerk), ad interim, 
 June 25, 183-!; Levi Woodlmry, of New Hamp- 
 shire, June 27, 1834. 
 
 Secrrtari/ofWar. — Lewis Cass, of Ohio, continued 
 from last Administration; Carey A. Harris, of 
 
 Tennessee (Commissioner of Indian Affairs), ad 
 interim, October 5, 1836; Benjamin F. Butler, of 
 New Y'ork (Attorney-General), ad interim, Octo- 
 ber 26, 1836; Benjaiiiin F. Butler," of New York, 
 commissioned JIarch 3, 1837, ad interim. 
 
 Attorney-deneral. — Roger B.Taney, of Maryland, 
 continued from last Administration; Benjamin F. 
 Butler, of New Y'ork, November 15, 1833. 
 
 I'oslinaxter-Oeneral. — William T. Barry, of Ken- 
 tucky, continued imm last Administration; Amos 
 Kendall, of Kentucky, May 1, 1835. 
 
 Secretari/ of tlie Nari/. — Levi Woodljury, of New 
 Hampshire, continued from last Administration; 
 Malilon Dickei'son, of New Jersey, June 30, 1834. 
 
 MARCH 4, 1837, TO JIARCH 4, 1841. 
 
 President. — Martin Van Burbn, New Y'ork. 
 
 Vice-Presideid. — Rich.\rd M. Johnson, Ken- 
 tucky. 
 
 Secretari/ of Slate. — John Forsyth, of Georgia, 
 continued from last Administration; J. L. Martin 
 (chief clerk), ad interim, March 4, 1841. 
 
 Secretari/ of tlie Treasnrt/. — Levi Woodbury, of 
 New Hamjishire, continued from last Ailministra- 
 tion; AlcClintock Young(chief clerk), ad interim, 
 March 4, 1841. 
 
 Secretarjt of H'rtr. — Benjamin F. Butler, of New 
 York, continued from last Administration; JoelR. 
 Poinsett, of South Carolina, March 7, 1837. I 
 
 rtBenjrtinin F. Butler, ,\ttorne.v-Generiil. wa.s nominated, confirmed, and commissioned March 3, 18oT. to be Secretary 
 of War "dnrinK the pleasure of the President, until a.Miccessor, duly appointed, shall accept such office and enter upon the 
 duties Ihereol'." 
 
 Attorneit-Generid . — Benjamin F. Butler, of New 
 York, continued from last Administration; Felix 
 (irundy, of Tennessee, July 5, 183S, to take effect 
 September 1, 1838; Henry D. <iilpiii, of Pennsyl- 
 vania, January 11, 1840. 
 
 Postmaster-General. — Amos Kendall, of Ken- 
 tucky, continued from last Administration; John 
 M. Niles, of Connecticut, May 19, 1840. 
 
 Secrelari/ of the Nari/. — Mahlon Dickerson, of 
 New Jersey, continueil from last Administration: 
 James K. Paulding, of New York, June 25, 1838. 
 
6 roXOUKSSIONAI. DIKKCTOKY. 
 
 M VKCII I, IH-ll, TO AI'KII. 4. IS4I. 
 
 /V<w/.(ir— Wii.i.iAM IIknhy IImihisun, Oliiii. I Alliiniiii-deuimt. John .1. CrilteiKlcn, of Ken- 
 
 (Uii'd April 4, 1S41.) tiitky, March 5, 1841. 
 
 Mce.-I'riiii'liiil. — liiiiN Tvi.KH, Viiviiiiii- /V.K(Hl<l.s^T-^'.•;/.T(l/.— Selali H. l(cil>l)ic, of New 
 
 .S-o-Wi/rv ">".V(i/c.— ,1. I.. Miirtin ( I'liii-f i-lirk i, York (Tii-st AssisUiiit I'ii.«tiimstfr-( iciicral i, ail 
 
 a<l interim, Miirih 4, IH41: Haiiicl \Vfl>st<-r. ><i iiitoriin, Manli 4, 1S41; l■>.^lu•i^' (iraiijjicr, <«t New 
 
 Ma-isa.-lnisetls March o, 1K41. York, ^hireh tl, 1S41. 
 
 Ki-nliii'i <•! thi' '/'/((/xiiri/. — MrtMiiitoek Yimnj; Snrlnrn «// lln- .V<ir;/.— (ieorge E. Kmlger, of 
 
 (ehief elerk i, a.l interim, March 4, IS41: Tl .Hs North Carolina, March 5, 1K41. 
 
 Kwinji, of Ohio, March o, 1S41. 
 
 .Sfrifliini III HV(r.--.Iohn I'>cll. nl 'reniiessee, 
 March '). 'l.S4'l. 
 
 AI'Ull. 4, IS4I, Til M AKCII 4, 1S4'). 
 
 yvwtii/e;)/.— John Tyi.kr, Virjrinia. 
 
 I'll"!!/! Ill iini liiiiiinre «_/' //le .yim/c. — Samiki. L. 
 8orTiiAiii), New .Ieri>ey; Wii.i.iam 1'. Maxoim, 
 North Carohna. 
 
 Sirnliiiii iif Slnli-. — Panii'l Wehfter, of Massa- 
 chnsett.-, coiitimieil from Harriwrn's Adniiiiititra- 
 tioi\; Hughs. I,ej;are, of Soulli Carolina (Attorney- 
 Ceneral), a<l interim, May !», 1H4:!; William S. 
 Derrick ichii'f <-lerk), a<l interim, .June I'll, 1S4.'J; 
 .VIk"! 1'. L'pshvir, of Virfiinia (Secretary of the 
 Navy), ail interim, .Inne L'4, 1S4:!; .Miel P. I'pslmr, 
 (rf Virginia, .Inly L'4, 1S4:1; .John Nelson, nf .Mary- 
 lanil ( .\ttorney-( ieneral ), ad interim, Kehrnary L'it, 
 1844; .John C." C'alhoun, of South Carolina, March 
 (•>, I.S44. 
 
 SiiTHuni of the 'IWnxiirii. — Thomas Kwing. of 
 Ohio, continneil from Ilarri.xon's .Vdministratioii; 
 Mc('linlo<k Young iihief clerk ), ail interim, Sep- 
 temlier i:!, 1S41; Waller K.irward, of Pennsylvania, 
 September l:'., l.SIl; McClintock Young (chief 
 clerk I, ad interim, Mar<li 1, 184:!; .lolm C. Spen- 
 cer, of New York. .March :>,, l.S4:l; .McClintock 
 Young (chief clerk), ad interim, May 2, 1844; 
 (ieorge M. Bilih, of Kentucky, .June 1.5, 1S44. 
 
 SerrHiinj nf War. — .lohn Hell, of Tennessee, con- 
 
 tinued from Harrison's Administration; Allx-rtM. 
 Lea, of Marvlan<l (chief clerk), ad interim, Spp- 
 tendier IL', 1841; .lolin C. Spencer, of New York, 
 October IL', 1.H41; .lames M. Porter, of Pennsyl- 
 vania, March 8, 184.S; William Wilkins, of Penn- 
 sylvania, Fehrnary 1."), 1844. 
 
 .U/'i/;ic.7-'iV(icra/.— .John J. Crittenden, of Ken- 
 tucky, continued from Harrison's .\ilministration; 
 llugli S. Legare, of South Carolina, Si'ptember l'.\, 
 1841; .lohn Nelson, of Maryland, .luly 1, 184:!. 
 
 J'li.itiniixlrr-dcniriil. — I'rancis (iranger, of New 
 York, continued from Harrison's .\<lminislration; 
 Charles .\. Wickliffi-, of Kentui-ky, Scptendicr i:i, 
 1841 : Selah U. Hobbie, of New Y'ork (First .X.ssist- 
 ant Postmiister-( ieneral), ad interim, Seiiteml)er 
 14, 1.S41. 
 
 SiTrrtani nf the Siiry. — (ieorge K. Hadger, of 
 North Carolina, continued from Harrison's Admin- 
 istration; .lohn 1). .'^imms (chief clerk ). ad interim, 
 September IL', 1841; Abel P. I'pshur, of \'irginia, 
 Septiinber b!, 1841; l)avi<l liensliaw, of Ma.-NSji- 
 chu.setts, .Inly 24, 184;!; Thomas W. (iilmer, of 
 Virginia, February bi, 1844; l-ewis Warrington 
 (captain. V . S. Navv), ad interim, February 2i>, 
 1844: .lobu Y. Ma.soii, of Virginia. Manb 14, "1,844. 
 
 MAUCII 4. 184.5, TO .MAHCIl 4, 1849. 
 
 I'lrsiileiit. — Jamivs K. Poi.k, Tenne.-,see. 
 
 Vire-freKiilnil. — (iKOK(!E M. 1)ai.i,as, Pennsyl- 
 vania. 
 
 Siiritrinj of ,Stal,\ — .bjhn C. Calhoun, of .South 
 Carolina, continued from last Ailministration; 
 .lames Puilianan, of Pennsylvania, March t>, 1845. 
 
 Srriliirii of I hi' 7';(((.<io\v.—( ieorge M. Pibb, of 
 Kentucky, continued from last Administration; 
 Kobert .(. Walker, of Mississippi, March II, 184.5. 
 
 Serreliirii of War. — William Wilkins, of Penn- 
 pvlvania, continued from last Administration; 
 William I,. Marcy, of New York, March i>. I.s45. 
 
 Atliirnrii-diiieritt. — .lolm Nelson, of Maryland, 
 contimied from last Administration; ,Iohn Y. 
 Mason, i>f \'irginia, March li, 184.5; Nathan Clif- 
 ford, of Maine, Oitober 17, lvS4(); Isaac Toucey, of 
 Connecticut, .June 21, 1848. 
 
 J'oximnstir-lieiicriil. — Charles A. Wickliffe, of 
 Kentucky, continued from last Administration; 
 Cave .loll n.son, of Tenne.-isce, .Man-h li, 1.845. 
 
 Secnliirii of the .Vdii/. — .lohn Y. Ma.son, of Vir- 
 ginia, continued from last .\duiiiiistration; (ieorgi! 
 Bauiioft, of Ma.s.saihnselts, March in, 1845; John 
 Y. .Ma.'-on, of Virginia, September'.!, 184l>. 
 
 MAHCII 4, 1,S4!), TO ,1ULY SI, 18,50. 
 
 I'lrsiilmt. — Zachahv Tavi.ok, Louisiana. I I>ied 
 .Tidy 9, 18.50.1 
 
 Viie-Prexitlenl. — Mii.tARn Fii.i.mohe, New York. 
 
 SiTretiiri/ of iSliile. — .James Buchanan, of Penn- 
 sylvania, continued from last Administration; .John 
 .M. Clayton, of Delaware, March 7, 184!l. 
 
 .Siiriiari/ of the 7'rc'i.wri/.— Hobert .1. Walker, of 
 Mississippi, i-ontimu'il from last .\clminislralion; 
 McClintock Yotmg (chief clerk), ail interim, 
 March ti, l84'.i; William M. Meredith, of Pennsyl- 
 vania, March 8, I84!». 
 
 Sfrritoni of Wnr. — William I.. Marcy, of New- 
 York, continni'<l from last Aihninistnition; Bevcr- 
 ily .lohn.son, of Maryland ( .\(tornev-( ieneral ), ad 
 interim, March 8, 1849; (ieorge \\'. Crawford, i>f 
 (ieorgia, March 8, 1849. 
 
 Altoruni-tleiiernl. — Isaac Toucey, of Connecticut, 
 continued from last Ailmirdstr.ition; Heverily 
 .lohnson, of Marylaml, March 8, 1,849. 
 
 I'lmlmaster-tleiiiriil. — Cave .lohnson, of Tennes- 
 see, continued from last .\ihiiinistnition; Selah K. 
 Hobbie, of New York ( First .V.ssistant Pnstmaster- 
 (ieneral).ad interim. Slarch 5. 1849; .Jacob Col- 
 lamer, of Vi-rmont, Mari-h 8, 1.849. 
 
 Sirriiiirii of the .Vuii/. — .lohn Y. Mason, of Vir- 
 ginia, continneil from last .Administration; Wil- 
 liam B. Pre.-ton. of Vii-giidu, March 8, 1,849. 
 
 Serirliini of the Interior. — Thomas Kwing, of ( )hio, 
 March .8, '1849. 
 
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, 1789-1903. 
 
 JULY 9, 1S50, TO MARCH 4, 1853. 
 
 President. — JIillakd Fillmore, Xew York. 
 
 Pi-esident pro tempore of the Senate. — William R. 
 King, Alabama. 
 
 Secretary of State. — John M. Clayton, of Dela- 
 ware, continued from Taylor's Aflniinistration; 
 Daniel Webster, of Massachusetts, July 22, 1850; 
 Charles ^I. Conrad, of Louisiana (Secretary of 
 War), ad interim, Sejitember 2, 1852; Edward 
 Everett, of Mas,>jachusetts, November (i, 1852; Wil- 
 liam Hunter (chief clerk), ad interim, March 4, 
 1853. 
 
 Secretary of the Treasury. — William M. Meredith, 
 of Pennsylvania, continued from Taylor's Admin- 
 istration; Thomaa Corwiii, of Ohio, July 23, 1850. 
 
 Secretary of War. — George W. Crawfi ird, of (leor- 
 gia, continued from Taylor's Administration; Sam- 
 uel J. Anderson (chie^ clerk) a<l interim, July 23, 
 18.50; Wiutield Scott, (major-general, V. S. Army), 
 ad interim, July 24, 1850; Charles M. Conrad, of 
 Louisiana, Augast 15, 1850. 
 
 Attorney-General. — Keverdy Johnson, of Mary- 
 
 land, continued from Taylor's Administration; 
 John J. Crittenden, of Kentucky, July 22, 1850. 
 
 PoHmaster-Gcneral. — Jacob CoUamer, of Ver- 
 mont, continued from Tavlor's Administration; 
 Nathan K. Hall, of New "York, July 23, 18.50; 
 Samuel D. Hubbard, of Connecticut, August 31, 
 1852. 
 
 Secretary of the Xavy. — William B. Preston, of 
 Virginia, continued from Tajdor's Administration; 
 William A. Graham, of North Carolina, July 22, 
 1850; Lewis Warrington (captain, U. S. Navy), ad 
 interim, July 23, 1850; John P. Kennedy, of 
 Maryland, July 22, 1852. 
 
 Secretary of the Interior. — Thomas Ewing, of 
 Ohio, continued from Taylor's Administration; 
 Daniel C. Goddard (chief clerk), ad interim, July 
 23, 1850; Thomas M. T. McKennan, of Pennsyl- 
 vania, August 15, 1850; Daniel C. Goddard (chief 
 clerk), ad interim, August 27, 1850; Alexander H. 
 H. Stuart, of Virginia, September 12, 1850. 
 
 MARCH 4, 1853, TO MARCH 4, 1857. 
 
 Fre-iident. — Franklin Pierce, New Hampshire. 
 
 Vice-Preniderd. — William R. KiNCi, Alabama. 
 (Died April 18, 1853. ) 
 
 President pro tempore of tlie Senate. — D.wid R. 
 Atchison, Missouri; Lewis Ca.ss, Michigan; Jesse 
 D. Bright, Indiana; Charles E. Stuakt, ]Michi- 
 gan; James M. Mason, Virginia. 
 
 Secretary of State. — William Hunter (chief 
 clerk), ad interim, JIarch 4, 1853; William L. 
 Marcy, of New York, March 7, 1853. 
 
 Secretary of the Tna/snry. — Thomas Corwin, of 
 Ohio, continued from last Administration; James 
 Guthrie, of Kentucky, IVIarch 7, 1853. 
 
 Secretary of liar. — Charles M. Conrad, of Louis- 
 iana, continued from last Administration; Jeffer- 
 son Davis, of Mississipi^i, ^larch 7, 1853; Samuel 
 
 Cooper (Adjutant-General, U. S. Army), ad in- 
 terim, March 3, 1857. 
 
 Attorney-General. — John J. Crittenden, of Ken- 
 tucky, continued from last Administration; Caleb 
 Gushing, of Massachusetts, March 7, 1853. 
 
 Postnia.iter-General. — SamuelD. Hubbard, of Con- 
 necticut, continued from last Administration; James 
 Campbell, of Pennsylvania, March 7, 1853. 
 
 Secretary of the Nary. — John P. Kennedy, of 
 Maryland, continued from last Administration; 
 James C. Dobbin, of North Carolina, March 7, 
 1853. 
 
 Secretary of the Interior. — Alexander H. H. Stuart, 
 of Virginia, continued from last Administration; 
 Robert McClelland, of Michigan, March 7, 1853. 
 
 MARCH 4, 1857, TO MARCH 4, 1861. 
 
 President. — James Buchanan, Pennsylvania. 
 
 Vice-President. — John C. Breckinridge, Ken- 
 tucky. 
 
 Secretary of Stale. — William L. INIarcy, of New- 
 York, continued from last Administration; Lewis 
 Cass, of Michigan, March 6, 1857; William Hunter 
 (chief clerk), ad interim, December 13, 1860; 
 Jeremiah S. Black, of Pennsylvania, December 17, 
 1860. 
 
 Secretary of the Treasury. — James Guthrie, of 
 Kentucky, continued from last Administration; 
 Howell Cobb, of Georgia, March 6, 1857; Isaac 
 Toucey, of Connecticut (Secretary of the Navy), 
 ad interim, December 10, 1860; Philip F. Thomas, 
 of Maryland, December 12, 1860; John A. Dix, of 
 New York, January II, 1861. 
 
 Secretary of War. — Samuel Cooper (.\djutant- 
 General, U. S. Army), ad interim, JMarch 4, 1857; 
 JohnB. Floyd, of Virginia, IMarch 6, 1857; .Joseph 
 Holt, of Kentucky ( Postmaster-General), ad in- 
 terim, January 1, 1861; JosephHolt, of Kentucky, 
 January 18, 1861. 
 
 Attorney-General. — Caleb Gushing, of Massachu- 
 setts, continued from last Administration; Jere- 
 miah S. Black, of Pennsylvania, March 6, 1857; 
 Edwin M. Stanton, of Pennsvlvania, December 
 20, 1860. 
 
 Postmaster-General. — James Campbell, of Penn- 
 sylvania, continued from last Administration; 
 Aaron V. Brown, of Tennessee, March 6, 1857; 
 Horatio King, of JIaine (First Assistant Post- 
 master-General), ad interim, March 9, 1859; Jo- 
 seph Holt, of Kentucky, IWarch 14, 1859; Horatio 
 King, of jNIaine (First Assistant Postmaster-Gen- 
 eral), ad interim, January 1, 1861; Horatio King, 
 of Maine, February 12, 1861. 
 
 Saretaryof the Nary. — James C. Dobbin, of North 
 Carolina, continued from last Administration; 
 Isaac Toucey, of Connecticut, March 6, 1857. 
 
 Secretary of the Interior. — Robert -McClelland, of 
 Michigan, continued from last Administration; 
 Jacob Thompson, of Mississippi, Mai-ch 6, 1857; 
 Moses Kelly (chief clerk), ad interim, January 10, 
 1861. 
 
 MARCH 4, 1S61, TO MARCH 4, 1865. 
 
 President. — Abraham Lincoln, Illinois. 
 
 Vice-President. — Hannibal H.\mlin, Maine. 
 
 ■Si/cretary if Stale. — Jeremiah S. Black, of Penn- 
 sylvania, continued from last Administration; 
 William II. Seward, of New York, March 5, 1861. 
 
 Secretary of the Treasury. — John A. Dix, of New 
 York, continued from last Administi-ation ; Salmon 
 P. Chase, of Ohio, IMarch 5, 1861; George Har- 
 rington, of the District of Columbia (. Assistant Sec- 
 re tary) , ad interim, July 1, 1864; William P. Fes- 
 
8 
 
 (■|>.N(iKi:SSIiiN Al. IHKKCTOHY 
 
 peniU>n,i>f Maine, . Till v 1, ISIH; (Ji-ornc lliiiriiiKt'iii, 
 of tlic I>i!itrii-t ill t'oliiiiiliiii (Asjiislant Sui-rftary ), 
 a<l iiilt'riiii, Marcli -1, ISli.'). 
 
 S.rrit(irii ../ War. — Ju.-iciill Molt, nf Kpiltlickv, 
 contiiuu'd I'miii \ii>^X AiliiiiiiUlratii'ii; Siiiion Cam- 
 en m, of l'i'iiiis\ Ivania, .March a, ISlil; Kdwin M. 
 SUiiiton, of IVniiriylvania, .lannarv I'l, IStiL'. 
 
 Alliiniiii-ileiiirai. — Kdwiii M. Stanton, of IVnii- 
 sylvania, contiiuUMl from last Ailmini^tration; K<1- 
 ward Hates, of Missouri, Marcli 5, l.soi; James 
 Speed, of Keiilueky, Deeeiiilier 2, 1S(>4. 
 
 J'ostiiKinler-aaDml. — Horatio Kiiii.'. nf Maine, 
 
 continued from la.-it Administratinii; Montgomery 
 Hlair, of the District •<( Cohmiliia, March .'<, IWil; 
 William Dennison. of Ohio, SeiiteiiilKT :i4, IMli-l. 
 
 Snnlini/iif III,' AV/ry. — Isaiic Toucey, of Connect- 
 icut, eoiitiniied from hu-t Administration; <iideon 
 Welles, of I'onnecticHt, March .'), Istil. 
 
 Sirril<irii nf llie Inliiinr. — Moses Kelly (chief 
 clerk I, ad inierim, March 4, l.Stil; Caleh H. .'^mith, 
 of Indiana, Mari-li a. isiil; .John I'. Cslier, of In- 
 liiaiia (Assistiint Secretary), ad interim, .)•"■■••>—■ 
 1, 1S63; John P. I'slier, of Indiana, Jam 
 IstiS. 
 
 aniiary 
 luarv s. 
 
 MAKCII 4, ISdi, TO AI'KU- ir>, ISii"). 
 
 J'liniihiil. — Ahuaii.v.m Lincoln, Illinois. (I)ieil 
 April 15, ISfi-i.) 
 
 Vice- I'rmihnI . — .Ynprkw Johnson, Tennessee. 
 
 .VcnYr/n/ ('./'N'<rt,.— William II. Seward, of New 
 York, eontiinu»d from last .\dministratioii. 
 
 Secrelary of IIh- Treunnrii. — (ieorfre Harrington, 
 of the Di.strict of Colunihia (Assistant Secretary), 
 ad interim, March 4, ISlio; Hugh McCulloch, of 
 Indiana. Marcli 7, 18Gn. 
 
 ,S,;rfliiri/ of lIVo-.— Edwin M. Stanton, of Penn- 
 sylvania, continued from last Administration. 
 
 Allornrii-lo lornl. — .lames ^|Mid. oi Kentucky, 
 continued from last .Vilministration. 
 
 I'lu'liiiiiKli i-< !, Ill rol. — William I lennisoii, of ( )hio, 
 continued from Xm^l Adniinl<trati<iii. 
 
 Serrilai'ii of Ihf Soni. — (iideon Welles, of Con- 
 necticut, continued from last .\<liiiinistration. 
 
 Sei-relimi of tin' Iiilirior. — John P. I'sher, of Itidi- 
 aiia, continiieil from last .Vdministration. 
 
 APRIL 15, 1865, TO MARCH 4, ISliO. 
 
 IWsidrnl. — Andrew Johnson, Tennessee. 
 
 Prt'xidi'nt]>ro temporr of tin' Senate. — Laf.vyette 
 S. FosTEK, Ccinnccticut; Benjamin F. Wahe, Ohio. 
 
 Serrelnr;/ of iSI<ile. — William H. Seward, of New 
 York, continued from Lincoln's Administration. 
 
 Secretary of the Trenxnri/. — Hujih McCulloch, of 
 Indiana, continued from Lincoln's Administration. 
 
 Seirelari/of 11 'a/-. — Kdwin IM. Stanton, of Pennsyl- 
 vania, <-oiitinued from Lincoln's .Vdministratiun; 
 Uly.-^ses S. (irant ((ieiieral of the .\niiyl, ad in- 
 terim, .\uf;ust 12, IStiT; Kdwin M. Stanton, " of 
 Pennsylvania, reinstated .laiuiary lii, IStiS; Lo- 
 renzo Thomas ( Adjutant-(Teneral, I'. S. .\rmy), 
 ad interim, Kehruarv 21, ].st>8; John M. Schofield, 
 of Illinois, May 2S, LStiS. 
 
 Altorncu-General. — James Speoil, of Kentucky, 
 continued from Lincoln's. Administration; J. Huh- 
 ley .\s;liton, of I'ennsylvania ( .\ssistant Attorney- 
 General), ai'tiiif.', July 17, ISiMi; Henry StanV)ery, 
 
 of Ohio, July 23, IStiG: Orville II. Rrowninjr, of 
 Illinois (Secretarv of the Interiorl, ad interim, 
 March lo, KSli.S; VVilliani M. Evarts, of New York, 
 July 15, ISIW. 
 
 l'ostma.iter-< leneral . — William Dennison, of Ohio, 
 continueil from Lincoln's .\dministratioii; Alex- 
 ander W. Randall, of Wisconsin i First .\ssistant 
 Postmaster-Oeiieral 1, ad interim, July 17, IStill; 
 .\le>rander W. Itandall, of Wisconsin, Julv 25, 
 1S6H. 
 
 Serretiini of the ynrij. — Gideon Welles, of Con- 
 necticut, continued from Lincoln's Administra- 
 tion. 
 
 Serretanj of the Interior. — John P. I'sher, of In- 
 diana, continued from Lincoln's .\diiiinistration; 
 James Harlan, of Iowa, May 15, ISlio; Orville H. 
 Hrownin^r, of Illinois, July 27, IStiti, to take effect 
 Se|iteiiilier 1, ISIili. 
 
 MARCH 4, LStHl. TO MARCH 4, 1S73. 
 
 Premrlrnl. — Uly.sses S. (Jrant, Illinois. 
 
 Vice-I're.'iidenl. — .Sciicyi.eu Coi.kax, Indiana. 
 
 SeiTi'tiirii of State. — Klilni H. Washliiirne, of Illi- 
 nois, March 5, IHt>9; Hamilton Fish, of New York, 
 March 11, lH(i9. 
 
 Sirretiin/ of the Treamir;/. — John F. Hartley, of 
 Maine (A.ssistant Secretarv), ad interim, March 5, 
 ISti!); Georj,'eS. Boutwell, "of Massachusetts, March 
 11, IStii). 
 
 Seeritarii of Il'dc — John M. Schofield, of Illinois, 
 continued from last .Administration; John .\. Raw- 
 lins, of Illinoi.s, .March II, ISliO; William T. Sher- 
 man, of Ohio, Septemlier 9, ISHii; William W. 
 Belknap, of Iowa, October 25, 186i». 
 
 Atlorneij-Oenertd. — J. Huliley .\shton, of Penn- 
 eylvania (Assi.stant .Vttiirney-Oeiieral), acting. 
 
 March 5, 18(>9; Ebenezer R. Hoar, of Massachu- 
 setts, March 5, IStWt; .Vnios T. Akerman. of (ieor- 
 gia, June2:{, 1870; (ieorgell. Williams, of Oregon, 
 December 14, 1871, to take effect Jannarv lit, 1872. 
 
 J'oHtiini.tler-Cienerid. — St. John H. L. Skinner, of 
 New York (First Assistant Postmaster-tieneralj, 
 ad interim, March 4, 18iiil; John .\. J. Cresswetl, 
 of Maryland, March 5, lS)i9. 
 
 Sim'larii of tin .Wtiii. — William Faxon, of Con- 
 nei-ticut ( .\ssistant Secretarv i, ad interim. March 
 
 4, I8t>9; .\dolph K. Rorie, ol Pennsylvania, March 
 
 5, 18ti9; George M. Robeson, of New Jersev, June 
 25, 1869. 
 
 Sicrelani of the Interior. — Jacob D. Cox. of Ohio, 
 March 5,' 1869; Columbus Delano, of Ohio, No- 
 venilK-r 1, 1870. 
 
 MARCH 4, 1873, TO MAKCII 4, 1877. 
 
 I'refidrnt. — I'iakses .■>. (iRANT, Illinois. I'renidetil iiro temjiore of the Sennti . — Tii{t\t\^ W. 
 
 \'ire-l'ie.iident. — Henrv Wilson, Massachu.setfs. Fkhry, Micnigan. 
 (Dif<l November 1.2, 1875.) Si'rretury of State. — Hamilton Fish, of New York, 
 
 « Mr. Hinnton did not cease tn iicrforni tin- duties n( .Scrrct«ry ol War uiilil Ilii'lr nssutnpHon by Mnjnr-tienerol Schofield. 
 
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, 1789-1903. 
 
 continued from last Administration; Hamilton 
 Fish, of New York, recom missioned March 17, 
 1873. 
 
 Serretarij of the Treasur;/. — George 8. Bontwell, 
 of Massachnsetts, continued from last Administra- 
 tion; William A. Kichardson, of Ma.ssachusetts, 
 March 17, 1873; Benjamin H. Bristow, of Ken- 
 tucky, ,lune 2, 1874; Charles F. Conant, of New 
 Hanipshire (Assistant Secretary), ad interim, 
 .Tune 21, 1876; Lot M. Morrill, of' Maine, June 21, 
 IS7ti. 
 
 Srrreliiri/ of liar. — William W. Belknai), of 
 Iowa, continued from last Administration; Wil- 
 liam W. Belknap, of Iowa, recommissioned March 
 17, 1S73; George M. Robeson, of New .Jersey (Sec- 
 retary of the Navv) , ad interim, March 2, 1876; 
 Alphonso Taft, of Ohio, March 8, 1876; .Tames D. 
 Cameron, of Pennsylvania, May 22, 1876. 
 
 Attonteii-Geiieral.— George H. AVilliams, of Ore- 
 gon, continued from last Administration; George 
 H. Williams, of Oregon, recommissioned March 
 
 17, 1873; Edwards Pierrepont, of New York, Ajiril 
 26, 187.5, to take effect May 15, 187.5; Alphonso 
 Taft, of Ghio, May 22, 1870." 
 
 l',,sliiiii.''li/i--Gi'iu''ral. — John A. J. Cresswell, of 
 Maryland, continued from last Administration; 
 John A. J. Cresswell, of ^Maryland, recommis- 
 sioned March 17, 1873; James W. Marshall, of 
 Virginia, July 3, 1874; ^Marshall Jewell, of Con- 
 necticut, .-iugust 24, 1874; James M. Tvner, of 
 Indiana, July 12, 1876. 
 
 Secretory of the Xavy. — George M. Robeson, of 
 New Jersey, continued frotn last Administration; 
 George !M. Robeson, of New Jersey, recommis- 
 sioned March 17, 1873. 
 
 Secretary of the Interior. — Columlius Delano, of 
 Ohio, continued fromlastAdministration; Colum- 
 bus Delano, of Ohio, recommissioned March 17, 
 1873; Benjamin R. Cowen, of Ohio (Assistant 
 Secretary), ad interim, September 30, 1875; 
 Zachariah Chandler, of Michigan, October 19, 
 1875. 
 
 MARCH 5, 1877, TO MARCH 4, 1881. 
 
 President. — Rutherford B. H.wbs, Ohio. 
 Vice-Prexident. — William \. Wheei.er, New 
 York. 
 
 Secrclorii of State. — Hamilton Fish, of New York, 
 continued from last Administration; William 31. 
 Evarts, of New York, March 12, 1877. 
 
 Serreliiry of the Treasury. — Lot M. Moi-rill, of 
 Maine, continued from last Administration; John 
 Sherman, of Ohio, March 8, 1877; Henry F. 
 French, of Massachusetts (Assistant Secretary), 
 ad interim, March 4, 1881. 
 
 Secrettiry if ]Var. — James D. Cameron, of Penn- 
 sylvania, continued from last Administration; 
 CJeorge W. McCrary, of Iowa, March 12, 1877; 
 Alexander Ramsey, of Minnesota, December 10, 
 1879. 
 
 Attorney-General. — Charles Devens, of ^Massa- 
 chusetts, March 12, 1877. 
 
 Fostm((ster-Geiural. — James M. Tyner. of Indi- 
 ana, continied from last Administration; David 
 M. Key, of Tennessee, March 12, 1877; Horace 
 Maynard, of Tennessee, June 2, 1880. 
 
 Secretary of the Xary. — (leorge Jl. Robeson, of 
 New Jersey, continued from la-st Administration; 
 Richard Vv. Thompson, of Indiana, March 12, 
 1877; Ale.xander Ramsey, of ^Minnesota (Sei'retary 
 of War), ad interim, December 21, ISSO; Nathan 
 Goff, jr., of West Virginia, January 6, 1881. 
 
 Secretary of the Interior. — Zachariah Chandler, 
 of Michigan, continued from last Administration; 
 Carl Schurz, of Missouri, March 12, lo77. 
 
 :MARCH 4, 1881, TO SEPTEMBER 19, 1881. 
 
 President.' — J.\mes A. Garfield, Ohio. (Died 
 September 19, 1881.) 
 
 Vice-President. — Chester A. Arthur, New York. 
 
 Secretary of State. — William 31. Evarts, of New 
 York, continued from last Administration; James 
 G. Blaine, of Maine, March 5, 1881. 
 
 Secretary of the Trea.mry. — Henry F. French, of 
 JIassachusetts (Assistant Secretary), ad interim, 
 March 4, 1881; William Windom, of Minnesota, 
 March 5, 1881. 
 
 Secretary of War. — Alexander Ramsey, of Min- 
 nesota, continued from last Administration; 
 Robert T. Lincoln, of Illinois, March 5, 1881. 
 
 Attorney-General. — Charles Devens, of Massa- 
 chusetts, continued from last Administration; 
 
 Wayne ]MacVeagh, of Pennsylvania, 3Iarch 5, ISSl ; 
 Samuel F. Phillips, of North Carolina (Solicitor- 
 Oieneral), ad interim, March 7, 1881. 
 
 Postmaster-General. — Horace ilaynard, of Ten- 
 nessee, continued from last .\dministration; 
 Thomas L. James, of New York, March 5, 1881. 
 
 Secretary of the Sary. — Nathan (niff, jr.. of West 
 Virginia, continued from last .\dministration; 
 William H. Hunt, of Louisiana, March 5, 1881. 
 
 Secretary of tlie Interior. — Carl Schurz, of INIis- 
 souri, continued from last Administration; Samuel 
 J. Kirkwood, of Iowa, March ft, 1881. 
 
 SEPTEMBER 20, 1881, TO MARCH 4, 1885. 
 
 President. — Chester A. Arthur, New York. 
 
 I'resident pro tempore of the Senate. — Thomas F. 
 Bayard, Delaware; David Davis, Illinois; George 
 F. Edmunds, \'ermont. 
 
 Secretary of State. — James G. Blaine, of ilaine, 
 continued from Garfield's Administration; Fred- 
 erick T. Frelinghuvsen, of New Jersev, L)ecember 
 12, 1881. 
 
 Secretary of the Treasury. — William Windom, of 
 Minnesota, continued from Garfield's. -Vdministra- 
 tion; Charles J. Folger, of New York. (October 27, 
 1881; Charles E. Coon, of New York (A.«sistant 
 Secretary), ad interim, September 4. 1884; Henry 
 F. French, of Massachusetts (,\ssistant Secretary). 
 ad interim, September 8, 1884; Charles E. Coon. 
 
 of New York (Assistant Secretary), ad interim, 
 Septendier 15, 1884; Walter Q. Gresham, of Indi- 
 ana, September 24, 1884; Hugh McCulloch, of 
 Indiana, October 28, 1884; Henry F. French, of 
 JIassachusetts (Assistant Secretar'v), ad interim, 
 October 29, 1884. 
 
 Secretary of War. — Robert T. Lincoln, of Illi- 
 nois, continued from Garfield's .\rlministration. 
 
 Atl07-ney-Gencral. — Wayne MacVcagh, of Penn- 
 sylvania, continued from GarfieM's Administra- 
 tion; Samuel F. Phillips, of North Carolina 
 (Solicitor-GeneraH, ad interim, November 12, 
 1881; Benjamin H. Brewster, of Pennsylvania, 
 December 19, 1881. 
 
 Po.<itmaster-General. — Thomas L. James, > f .New 
 
10 
 
 rONORESSIONAI. DIRErTORY, 
 
 York, CDiitiinied from (iarlicM's Ailiiiini«tniti(ni; 
 TlioiiiiiM I.. .lanu'.", of Now York, rt'Ooiiiiiiis>iioiii'il 
 October'.'", IHMl : Tini.ilhv t ). Ilowc, of Wisconsin, 
 DccciulK'r 2(1, ISSl; fnin'k Nation, of lowad'irst 
 Assistant rostnuiftcr-ticiu'ral I, ail iiitcrlni, Marcli 
 2(i, 1H.S3; Walter (i. (ircsliani, i>l Iniliana, April:?, 
 IS,s:{: Frank llatlon, of l.nva ( First Assistant 
 Posttnastcr-ticncnil ), ail inlcriiii, Si'|iti'nil>cr I'ii, 
 1884; Frank llatton, of Imva, ( irloUer 14, 1S84. 
 
 Strrelnri/ of Ihr Xiiri/. — William II. Ilnnt,^ of 
 Louisiana, continiicil from (iarlicM's Administra- 
 tion; William K. Chandler, of New IIani|isliire, 
 April 12, 1882. 
 
 SeiTiltirii of till' liilrrior. — Sanmel .1. Kirkwoinl, 
 of Iowa, oontinneil from (iartield's .Adiiiinistni- 
 tion; Henry M. Teller, of ('olora<lo, .\pril (i, 1SH2. 
 
 MAKl'll 4, 1885, to .MAKCII 4, 1889. 
 
 I^esidenl — (inoVKii C'i.kvei.anii, New York. 
 
 yict-PirsiiUiil. — TnoM.Ks A. Hendhicks, Indi- 
 ana. (Died November 25, 18S,x) 
 
 Prrxidt'tit pro li'inpori' of tlo' Sninlf. — Joiix SiiER- 
 .M.\N, Ohio; .loH.N J. lN<i.\i.i.s, Kansas. 
 
 Serritdi-ii of Slate — Frederii'k T. Frelinj;hnysen. 
 of New Jersey; continued from last Administra- 
 tion. Thomas V. Bavard, of Delaware, .March ti, 
 1885. 
 
 Seerelarii of the Treamm/. — Ilngh MeCulloch, of 
 Indiana; continned from last Administration. 
 Daniel Manning, of New York, March l>, 1885. 
 Charles S. I'airchild, of New York, April 1, 1887. 
 
 Sirrildi-j/ of War. — Robert T. I.iiicoln,nf Illinois; 
 continued from last Administration. William t'. 
 Endicott, of IMas.<iac-liiisclls, March (>, 1885. 
 
 Allunii;i-(!ciieral. — Hcnjamin 11. Brewster, of 
 Pennsylvania; continued from la,st Adnnnistra- 
 
 tion. Auy;ustus H. (iarland, of .Xrkansas, March 
 
 »), 1885. 
 
 I'oslmitnter-Oertiral. — Frank llatton, of Iowa; 
 continueil from last .\dmini.stration. William R 
 Vilas, of Wisconsin, March i!, I8S5. Don M. Dick- 
 inson_ of .Michigan, .lanuary Iti, 188S. 
 
 S(<-riinrii of tin- .\<iv;/. — William F,. Chaiiillcr, of 
 New llamiishire; continned from Uust .\diidnis- 
 tnition. William C. Whitney, of New York, 
 March (i, 1885. 
 
 iSfcnlari/ of the Interior. — Lucius Q. (". I^mar, 
 of Missis.sippi, March t), 1885; Henry L. Muldrow, 
 of Mississippi (First .Vssistant Secretary ), ad in- 
 terim, .lanuary 10, 1888; William F. Vilas, of 
 Wisconsin, January Iti, 1888. 
 
 SiTretarij of .{iirirnlttirr. — Norman J. Coleman, 
 of Missouri, February 13, 1889. 
 
 MARCH 4, 1889, TO MARCH 4, 1893. 
 
 President. — Benm.vmix Hahuison, Indiana. 
 
 Mee-Premlenl. — Lkvi I'. Mouton, New York. 
 
 Secretarii of Slule. — Thomas F. Hayani, of Dela- 
 ware, continued from last .\d ministration ; JamesG. 
 Blaine, of Maine, .Alarch 5. I.SSSI; William F. Whar- 
 ton, of Mas.<achu.setts (.Vssistant .Secretary), ad 
 interim, June 5, 1892; John W. Foster, of Indiana, 
 June 29, 1892; William F. Wharton, of Massachu- 
 setta (Assistant Secretary), ad interim. February 
 23, 1893. 
 
 Seerelarii if llie Treasury. — Charles S. I'ainliild, 
 of New York, continued from last .\ilministration; 
 William Windom, of Minnesota, Mar.h .5, 1889; 
 Allured B. Ncttleton, of Minnesota (Assistant Sec- 
 retary), ad interim, January . "It, 1891; Charles Fos- 
 ter, ('if Ohio, February 24, "lS91. 
 
 Seeritiinj of ]Var. — William C. iMidiiutt, of Mas- 
 Baehusett.s, continued from last .\dministration; 
 Redtield Proctor, of Vermont, March 5, 1889; 
 
 Lewis A. Grant, of Minnesota (.\ssistant Set^re- 
 tary), ad interim, Decendjer (!, 1891; Stephen B. 
 Elkin.s, of West Virfrinia, December 22, 1891. 
 
 Alloriiiii-lleneral. — .\uj.'ustus II. <iarland, of .\r- 
 kans;is, continued from last .\iJministralion; Wil- 
 liam 11. II. Miller, of Imliana, March 5, 1SS9. 
 
 I'oxtiiiii.ilir-d'eiieral. — Don .M. Dickinson. of .Mich- 
 igan, continued from l:ust .\dniinistration; John 
 Wanamaker, of Pennsylvania, March 5, 1889. 
 
 iSecrelari/ of the .V((ii/. —William C. Whitney, of 
 New York, continued from last .Vdministration; 
 Benjamin F. Tracy, of New York, March 5, 1889. 
 
 Seerelarii of the Inlerlur. — William F. \"ilas, of 
 Wisconsin, continued from Ia.st Administration; 
 John W. Noble, of Mis.souri, March 5, 1889. 
 
 t^erelari/ of .[i/ririillnn . — Niirman J. Coleman, 
 of Missouri, continued from Uust .\iiministration; 
 Jeremiah M. Rusk, of Wisconsin, March 5, 1889. 
 
 MARCH 4, 1893, TO .MARCH 4, 1897. 
 
 I'reitidctil. — (iiiovER Cleveland, New York. 
 
 Vice-Prexideul. — .\i)i.Ai K. .Stevenson, Illinois. 
 
 Serretani of Slate. — William F. Wharton, of 
 Mas.sachusetts (.Vs.sistant .Secretary), ad interim, 
 continued fioifi last .Vdministration; Waller Q. 
 Gresham, of Illinois, March (!, 1893; Kdwin F. 
 
 iTi-i .. e -M-.i.:.. *...:.,» * lj .* \ ...1 :..»..-:..» 
 
 I'hl, of .Michijiaii ( .V.ssistimt .Secretary), ad interim, 
 Mi.v 28, 1895; Richard Oliiev, of AIa.ssachu.sett.s, 
 JuiieS, 189.5. 
 
 Sirntarii of the Treamirij. — Charles Foster, of 
 Ohio, continned from last .administration; John 
 (J. Carlisle, of Kentucky, March (!, 1.H9:!. 
 
 Siiriiiirii of War. — .Stephen B. IClkiiis, of West 
 Virpinia, continued from last .Administration; 
 Daniel .S. Lament, of New York, March (i, 1893. 
 
 Allorneij-(iei>rTal. — William H. II. Miller, of 
 Indiana, continned from last .\dministration; 
 Richard Olney, of Mas.sachusetts. .March (1, 18H3; 
 Juilson Harmon, of Ohio, .Inne8, 1,S1I5, 
 
 Poxlma.iter-Ceueral. — .lohn Wanamaker. of I'l im- 
 sylvania, continued from ia.st .Vdministration; 
 Wilson S. His.sell, of New York, .March ti, 1893; 
 William L. Wilson, of West Virjjinia, March 1, 
 1,895. 
 
 Seerelarii of the Xarji. — lienjamin F. Tracy, of 
 New Y'ork, c(intinueil from last .Vdministration; 
 Hilary A. Herbert, of Alabama, March (i, 1.S93. 
 
 Serretani of the Interior. — John W. Noble, of 
 Missouri, continued from Ia.st -Vdminislration; 
 Hoke Smith, of (ieorgia, March (>, I89:i; Haviil K. 
 Francis, of .Missouri, .Se|)tend)er 1, l.S!l(>; ,lohn M. 
 Reynolds, of Pennsylvania (Assistant Secretary), 
 ad "interim, Septend'ier 2, l.SWi. 
 
 Seerelarii of .{i/rieiilliiri: — Jeremiah M. Rusk, of 
 Wi.sconsin, continiie<l from last .Vdminislralioii; 
 Julius Sterling Morton, of Nebraska, .March (i, 
 1893. 
 
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, 1789-1903. 
 
 11 
 
 MARCH 4, 1897, TO MARCH 4, 1901. 
 
 President. — \\'illiam McKixlev, Ohio. 
 
 Vice-President. — tiAURET A. Hobart, New Jer- 
 sey. (Died November 21, 1899.) 
 
 President pro tempore of the Senate. — William P. 
 Frye, Maine. 
 
 Serretiirii of State. — Ricliard Olney, of Jlassacliu- 
 .setts, continued from last Administration; John 
 Sherman, of Oliio, Mari'li 5, 1897; William R. 
 Day, of Ohio, April i'li, 1898; Alvey A. Adee (Sec- 
 ond Assistant Secretary), ad interim, September 
 17, 1898; John Hav, of the District of Columbia, 
 September 20, 1898. 
 
 Secretary of the Ti-eamrij. — John (j. Carlisle, of 
 Kentucky, continued from last Admini.stration; 
 Lyman J. Gage, of Illinois, March 5, 1897. 
 
 Secretari/ of War. — Daniel 8. Lamont, of New 
 York, continued from last A(hninistration ; Russell 
 A. Alger, of Jlichigan, March 5, 1897; Elihu Root, 
 of New York, August 1, 1899. 
 
 Atloruei/-General. — Ju<lson Harmon, of Oliio, 
 continued from last Administration; Joseph Mc- 
 
 Kenna, of California, March o, 1897; John K. 
 Richards, of Ohio (Solicitor-General), ad interim, 
 January 25, 1898; John W. Griggs, of New Jersey, 
 January 2.i, 1898. 
 
 Postmnster-General. — William L. Wilson, of West 
 Virginia, continued from last Administration; 
 James A. Gary, of Maryland, March 5, 1897; 
 Charle.s Emory Smith, of Pennsylvania, April 21, 
 1898. 
 
 Serreliiri/ of the Xart/. — Hilary A. Herbert, of 
 Alabama, continued from last Administration; 
 John D. Long, of Massachusetts, :March 5, 1897. 
 
 Secretary of the Interior. — David R. Francis, of 
 Missouri, continued from last Administration; 
 Cornelius N. Bliss, of New York, March 5, 1897; 
 Ethan A. Hitchcock, of Missouri, December 21, 
 1898. 
 
 Secretary of Agriculture. — Julius Sterling ilorton, 
 of Nebraska, continued from last Administration; 
 James Wilson, of Iowa, March 5, 1897. 
 
 MARCH 4, 1901, TO SEPTEMBER 14, 1901. 
 
 President. — William McKinlev, Ohio. (Died 
 September 14, 1901.) 
 
 Vice-President. — Theodore Roosevelt, New 
 York. 
 
 Secretary of State. — John Hay, of the District of 
 Columbia; continued from last Administration. 
 John Hay, of the District of Columbia; recom- 
 missioned March 5, 1901. 
 
 Secretary of tlie Trea.mry. — Lyman J. Gage, of 
 Illinois; continued from last Administration, 
 Lyman J. (iage, of Illinois; recommissioned March 
 .5,' 1901. 
 
 Secretary of War. — Elihu Root, of New York; 
 continued from last Administration. Elihu Root, 
 of New York; recommissioned March 5, 1901. 
 
 Attorney-General. — John W. Griggs, of New Jer- 
 sey; continued from last Administration. John 
 W. Griggs, of New Jersey; recommissioned March 
 
 5, 1901. John K. Richards, of Ohio (Solicitor- 
 General), ad interim, April 1, 1901. Philander 
 C. Knox, of Pennsylyania, April 5, 1901. 
 
 Poxtinaster-treneral. — Charles Emory Smith, of 
 Pennsylvania; continued from last Administra- 
 tion. Charles Emory Smith, of Pennsjdvania; 
 recommissioned March 5, 1901. 
 
 Secretary of the N(rry. — John D. Long, of Massa- 
 chusetts ; continued from last Administration. 
 John D. Long, of Massachusetts; recnnimissioned 
 March 5, 1901. 
 
 Secretary of the Interior. — Ethan A. Hitchcock, of 
 Missouri; continued from last Administration. 
 Ethan A. Hitchcock, of Missouri; recommissioned 
 March 5, 1901. 
 
 Secretory of Agricnlture. — .lames Wilson, of Iowa; 
 continued ironi last Administration. James Wil- 
 son, of Iowa; reeommLssioned INIarch 5, 1901. 
 
 SEPTEMBER 14, 1901, TO • 
 
 President. — Theodore Roosevelt, New Y'ork. 
 
 I'nsidnit pro tempore of the Senate. — William P. 
 Frye, Maine. 
 
 Secretary of State. — John Hay, of the District of 
 Columbia; continued from McKinley's Adminis- 
 tration. 
 
 Secretary of the Treasury. — Lyman J. Gage, of 
 Illinois; continue<l from KcKinley's Administra- 
 tion. Leslie M. Shaw, of Inwa, .fanuary 9, 1902. 
 
 Secretary of ]Var. — Elihu Root, of New York; 
 continued from McKinley's Administration. 
 
 Attorney-General. — Philander C. Knox, of Penn- 
 sylvania; continued from McKinley's Administra- 
 tion. 
 
 Postmaster-General. — Charles Emor)' Smith, of 
 
 Pennsylyania; continued from McKinley's Ad- 
 ministration. Henry (!. Payne, of Wisconsin, 
 January 9, 1902. 
 
 Secretary of the Nary. — John D. Long, of Massa- 
 chusetts; continued from McKinley's Administra- 
 tion. William II. Moodv, of Massachusetts, 
 April 29, 1902. 
 
 Secretary of the Interior. — Ethan A. Hitchcock, of 
 ^Missouri; continued from McKinley's Adminis- 
 tration. 
 
 Secretary of Agriculture. — James Wilson, of Iowa; 
 continued from McKinley's Administration. 
 
 Secretary of Commerce and Labor. — George B. 
 Cortelyoii, of New Y'ork, February 16, 1903. 
 
THE CONTINENTAL OONGHESS. 
 
 THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES. 
 
 13 
 
THE COXTINENTAL CONGRESS. 
 
 PLACE AND TIME OF SESSIONS. 
 
 Philadplphia, Pa from September 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa .from Jlay 
 
 Baltimore, Md from December 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa from March 
 
 Lani'aster, Pa from September 
 
 York, Pa from September 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa from July 
 
 Princeton, N.J from June 
 
 Annapolis, Md from November 
 
 Trenton, N.J from NovemVier 
 
 New York City from January 
 
 New York City from November 
 
 New York City from November 
 
 New York Cit v from November 
 
 1774, 
 1775, 
 177t!, 
 1777, 
 1777, 
 1777, 
 1778, 
 17K3, 
 1783, 
 1784, 
 1785, 
 1785, 
 1786, 
 1787, 
 
 to October 26, 
 to December 12, 
 to March 4, 
 
 to September 18, 
 to September 27, 
 
 to June 
 to June 
 to November 
 to June 
 to December 
 to November 
 to November 
 to October 
 to October 
 
 1774 
 1776 
 1777 
 1777 
 1777 
 1778 
 1783 
 1783 
 1784 
 1784 
 1785 
 1786 
 1787 
 1788 
 
 PRESIDENTS OF THE CONGRESS. 
 
 Peyton Randolph, of Virginia elected Sejjtendjer 5, 
 
 Henry Middleton, of South Carolina i _ elected October 22. 
 
 Peyton Randolph," of Virginia eleqjed Jlay 10^ 
 
 John Hancock, of Massachusetts elected May 24! 
 
 Henry Laurens, of South Carolina elected Novemlier 1 
 
 John Jay, of New York elected December 10 
 
 Sanmcl Huntington, of Connecticut elected September 28, 
 
 Thoma.s JNIcKean, of Delaware elected Julv 10 
 
 John Hanson, of Maryland elected November 5, 
 
 Elias Boudinot, of New Jersey elected November 4. 
 
 Thomas MitHin, of Pennsylvania elected November 3 
 
 Richard Henry Lee, of Virginia elected November 30, 
 
 John Hancock, b of Massachusetts ^ , elected November 2'i. 
 
 Nathaniel Gorham, of Massachusetts elected June d. 
 
 Arthur St. Clair, of Pennsylvania elected February 
 
 Cyrus Griffin, of Virginia elected Januarv" 
 
 1774 
 1774 
 1775 
 1775 
 1777 
 1778 
 1779 
 1781 
 1781 
 1782 
 1783 
 1784 
 1785 
 1786 
 1787 
 1788 
 
 CLERK OF THE CONGRESS. 
 
 Charles Thomson, of Pennsvh 
 
 DELEGATES TO THE CONGRESS. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 .elected September 5, 1774 
 
 Andrew .\danis 1777-1780 
 
 Andrew Adams 1781-1782 
 
 Jose] >h P. Cook 1 784-1 788 
 
 Silas Deane 1774-1776 
 
 Eliphalet Dver 1774-1779 
 
 Eliphalet Dyer 1 780-1783 
 
 Pierrepont Edwards ..1787-1788 
 
 Oliver f:ilsworth 1777-1784 
 
 William Hillhouse 1783-1786 
 
 Titus Hosmer 1775-1776 
 
 Titus Ilosmer 1777-1779 
 
 Benjamin Huntington. 1780-1784 
 "Died October 22, 1775. 
 
 Jonathan Sturges 1 
 
 John Treadwell 1 
 
 Jo.seph Trumbull 1 
 
 Benjamin Huntington. 1787-1 788 
 
 Samuel Huntington 1776-1784 
 
 William S. Johnson. . .1784-1787 
 
 Richard Law 1778-1778 
 
 Richard Law 1 781-1784 
 
 Stephen M. Mitchell.. 1783-1 784 
 Stephen M. Mitchell.. 1785-1786 
 Stephen M. Mitchell ..1787-1788 
 
 Jesse Root 1778-1783 
 
 Roger Sherman 1774-1784 
 
 Joseph Spencer 1 778-1779 
 
 Jedediah Strong 1782-1784 i 
 
 !> Resigned May 29, 1786, never having served, owinj; tn onlinued illnes,s. 
 
 15 
 
 James Wadswortli . . . 
 James Wadsworth . . . 
 Jeremiah Wadsworth 
 William Williams . . . 
 
 William Williams 
 
 Oliver Wolcott 
 
 Oliver Wolcott 
 
 74-1 
 85-1 
 774-1 
 783-1 
 785-1 
 7S7-1 
 776-1 
 783-1 
 775-1 
 780-1 
 
 787 
 786 
 775 
 784 
 786 
 788 
 778 
 
 '84 
 778 
 
 84 
 
If. 
 
 r(»ClKK:<s|(iN.\I. niKI I ToKY. 
 
 tiiiiiiiiiikC it<'<H<>ril . . .. 
 tiitnniiii; lt<'<lfiinl, jr . 
 Jiiliii hickiiiwiii . . . 
 .tiiliii liii-kiiixiii . 
 I'liili'Mii-ii Pifkiii- 
 
 Jilllll I'.XidI- 
 
 I>vrf K<-uiiH'\ 
 
 Kicuzcr Mr('"i"l' 
 
 IIKI. \« Mil.. 
 
 . 1783-17.S.S Nailiiiriiil Mil<lnll .. 
 
 .ITSft-lTwl Tlioiim.-' MiKcaii 
 
 .177<V-)TT7 Tliniiuis M.Ki-an 
 
 - .I..I1II I'lltloll 
 
 Williuiii IVi'vy 
 
 , ,, I iriiri:!' Kcail 
 
 ITSii 17SH < .1 -ar UikIiicv 
 
 17s_'-17s| ( \>~ur K.kIiu'V 
 
 1 7WI-178K i Oi-sar K<j<1iu-v 
 
 1774-177ti Tlmiiia.-' U."liuv... 
 I77S-17H;5 I Tlinmas Kocliii'V . . 
 I7«5-17H<5 .laiufH Svkc.i 
 
 I785-178« 
 1774-1777 
 1774-1770 
 1777-1778 
 
 .laiiM'S Tiltoii 
 
 Niiliiila." Van I)ykf 
 
 .loliii N'iiiiii); 
 
 Sarmii-l Wliartoii .. 
 
 1782-1784 
 1781-178:$ 
 
 17S.T-I7H7 
 1777-1778 
 178:4-1785 
 1777-1782 
 17S4-17Sii 
 1782-178:5 
 
 Alinihaiii llaMuiii 
 NhiIuiii Itrou iimri 
 An-liiUil.l Itiill.H'k 
 
 Ji>w|ili Clay 
 
 William Ki'W 
 
 William l-Vw 
 
 William (iililMHix . 
 Ullttoll liwiiiiirtt.. 
 
 DHouaiA. 
 
 . 17S.'>-1788 I John llalKTuliam 
 
 . 177<V-177S I.yiiiaii Hall 
 
 .177.')-177ii .IhIiii llim-tiiii 
 
 .1778-178(1 , William llouston 
 
 .178(1-1782 ' Kichar.l llowU-y 
 
 .178.V178S ; Ni.lilcWiiiiln-rlyJiini'.- 
 
 1784-17s<i Niililc'WimlHTry Jinn's 
 
 .177(1-1777 , Kdwanl Uinnworthy. 
 
 178.'i-178« 
 1775-1771) 
 177.'>-1777 
 1784-1787 
 1780-1781 
 1 775-1 77(> 
 1781-178:1 
 1777-177H 
 
 Williaiii I'ifrcf . 
 I'jhvanl Ti-lfair . 
 Kihvanl Tt-ltair. 
 ( ii'iirm' Walton . 
 tii'iiiV'f Waltiin . 
 
 .liiM'|ill WimkI 
 
 John J. /.ul)lv.. 
 
 . 178()-1787 
 .1777-177!! 
 .1780- 178:1 
 .177(i-1779 
 
 .178(1-1781 
 .1777-17711 
 .1775-1776 
 
 KolM-rt AK'xamUT K 
 
 William < 'ariiii<-liucl ..1< 
 
 CharU'!' (arrull K 
 
 Ihuiicl • 'arrull \', 
 
 Ji-rcmiali T. CIiiim- 1^ 
 
 .Saiiiiu-I * haw 1^ 
 
 SumiK-1 ChiL-f li 
 
 IWiijumiii Ciililee li 
 
 Jaiiii-." I'lirlx'K" li 
 
 I'riuh Ki-rrift li 
 
 HolH-rt (iiililxlHirniiKli .li 
 
 J..|in Mali li 
 
 John Hall li 
 
 John HHiiMin li 
 
 75-1777 
 7H-17stl 
 7(i-1778 
 SO- 1784 
 s:t-l7.><4 
 74-1778 
 S4-I7.«<5 
 .S7-178X 
 78-1780 
 S(;-1787 
 71-1775 
 75-1770 
 s:t-1784 
 80-1783 
 
 MAHVI..\\|l. 
 
 William Harrison 1 
 
 William llcmslay 1 
 
 John lli-nrv 1 
 
 J..hn H.'iiry 1 
 
 William Hinilniiin 1 
 
 John K. JLiwanl 1 
 
 Ii.Juniti'rofSt.Tliomasi 1 
 ThomiLs Johnson 1 
 
 ' Thomas Sim Iav 1 
 
 i:.lwar.l l.loy.l 1 
 
 l.iithiT Martin I 
 
 Jami'S Mc'Ili-nry I 
 
 William I'aia I 
 
 , *ii>orj:i- riatcr 1 
 
 785-1 
 782-1 
 778-1 
 784-1 
 784-1 
 787-1 
 778-1 
 774-1 
 78:5-1 
 
 78:5-1 
 
 784-1 
 78:5-1 
 774-1 
 77.8-1 
 
 787 
 784 
 781 
 
 787 
 787 
 788 
 782 
 777 
 784 
 784 
 785 
 78t> 
 7711 
 781 
 
 Kichanl I'otts 
 
 Nathaniel l{;imsav . 
 Kiihanl Hi.lgely .'.. 
 
 Jiihii Hoficrs 
 
 Daviil Ko.ss 
 
 Ilcnjamin Kiim.s<'y . 
 
 (instavns Scott 
 
 Joshua Senoy 
 
 William Smith 
 
 Thomas Stone 
 
 Thomas Stone 
 
 Matthew Til^hnian 
 TurlH'tt Wri-'ht 
 
 .1781-1782 
 ,1785-1787 
 .17.8.5-1786 
 177-5-1776 
 .17.st>-17S7 
 .1776-1778 
 .17.84-1785 
 .1787-1788 
 . 1 # ( <-l ( 78 
 .177.5-1779 
 .1784-1785 
 .1774-1777 
 .1781-1782 
 
 John .V<lams 
 
 S.r ' ' ' -lis 
 
 Tl linif.... 
 
 Ki.... . i 
 
 Knineis haiia 
 
 Nathan I lane 
 
 Klliriilife < ierry 
 
 Klhriilire 1 ierry 
 
 Nnthuniel < iorlinm.. 
 Nathuniel liorhain.. 
 
 .MASH.M in SKTTS. 
 
 ,1774-1778 John Haiieock 1775-1780 | John Lowell 
 
 1774-1782 John Haiiioik 1785-1786 Samuel Osfrooil 
 
 1774 1776 Stepheii Hi:.'>;inson 1782-178:5 Samuel .\.Otis 
 
 1776-1778 Samuel lloltoii 1778-1780 Robert Treat Paine . 
 
 ,I784-17.'*4 Samuel Holtoii 17.82-17.8:5 (ieorjie I'arlriil'ie ... 
 
 17.S5-I7.8.S Samuel Holtoii 17.84-1785 , ( ieop^e I'artridjje ... 
 
 1776-1781 .<aiimel Holton 178(>-1787 i ThecMlore Si-djrwick. 
 
 1782-I7.S5 Jonathan Jaekson 1782-1782 | James Sullivan 
 
 I782-I7.s:{ Kiifus KinK 1784-17.S7 (Jeonre Thaeher 
 
 178.5-1787 James I,^vell 1776-1782 1 .\rtemas Wanl 
 
 .1782-178:5 
 .178(V1784 
 .1787-1788 
 .1774-1778 
 .1770-1782 
 .178:5-1785 
 .1785-1788 
 .1782-1782 
 .1787-17.87 
 .1780-1781 
 
 J. >l 177.5-177H 
 
 J. >ii>hanl ..17s:l-17H4 
 
 NaiEuiniri i . . 1774-1775 
 
 Nalhanii-I I 1777-1778 
 
 .\:OliO,i.l I 17711-1780 
 
 A 1 7h;{- 1 7S.5 
 
 <•• I777-I77!t 
 John XttWor (■iltiiHii ..1782-178:5 
 
 NKW IIAMI-Mlllll':. 
 
 Nil holas (iilmaii 1786-1788 j John Sullivan 
 
 John IjuiKilon 1775-1777 | John Sullivan 
 
 John Umiiihin 1786-1787 Matthew Thornton. . 
 
 Wo.Hlliurv l.:inK<h'n . .177!»-1780 , John W.-ntworth, jr. 
 
 Samuel l.iverniore 1780-178:5 William Whipple... 
 
 .Samuel I.ivi'rmore 178.5-178(5 I'liillips White 
 
 I'ii-ree ]jmu 1784-1786 I Paine Wingate 
 
 Nathaniel Pealnxlv 1779-1780 ' 
 
 ..1774-1775 
 ..1780-1781 
 ..1776-1778 
 ..1778-1779 
 . .177(i-1779 
 ..1782-178:5 
 ..1787-1788 
 
 NKW .IKItSKV. 
 
 Jol.ii I'..alt% 
 
 r.i 
 
 K 
 
 W 
 I.. 
 .\ 
 A 
 
 81 
 J 
 
 1 78:5- 
 1777- 
 
 1781- 
 
 .177tt 
 
 ,1771 
 
 17.85 
 1778 
 1784 
 
 17S1 
 17.S7 
 1 782 
 
 17S.H 
 
 1784 
 1776 
 
 1 771; 
 
 Joiiatlian KImer 1 776-1 
 
 Jonathan Kliner 1781-1 
 
 Jonathan KImer 1787-1 
 
 John 1-ell 1778-1 
 
 l"n.«rk Kr«>lin({hiiys«.n. 1778-1 
 l'"n.<rk Kreliiiirhuvwii. 1782-1 
 
 7s I 
 7.SS 
 780 
 779 
 .s:t 
 
 7.><o 
 
 John Hart 1774-1776 
 
 I'niiuis llopkiiiHin. . . 
 Josiah Horiililowi'r . . 
 William ('. Houston . 
 William (', Houston . 
 ■• III.-.I March 25. 1 
 
 Thomas Heiiilensiii . . . 177!l-li 
 
 1776-1777 
 
 17s,'. ]--,: 
 
 ;>«. 
 
 James Kinsey 1774-1775 
 
 William Livingston ...1774-1776 
 
 .1' 'h 11 Neil.>ion 1 778-1 779 
 
 James Seheiirinan 17.8(5-1787 
 
 Nat haniel Seiulder 1 777-1 779 
 
 Jonathan li. Serjji-ant . 1 77(^-1 777 
 
 Itiihar.l Smith... 1774-1776 
 
 John Stevens 1 784-17.84 
 
 .Vr.hil.al.l Stewart 17.84-17.S.5 
 
 Uiihaiil Stoekton 177(5-1777 
 
 I'liii ( '. Svmmes 17S.5-I7,S() 
 
 lohu WithcrsiMHin 177i>-17s:', 
 
THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS. 
 
 17 
 
 Jolin Alsop 1774-1776 
 
 P^gliert Benson 17.S4— 1785 
 
 Egliert Benson 1 786-1 7S8 
 
 Simon Boeruni 1774-1 777 
 
 George Clinton 1775-1777 
 
 Charles DeWitt 17.S:^-17S5 
 
 James Duane 17i 4-1784 
 
 William Duer 1777-177S 
 
 William Flov.l 1774-1777 
 
 William Floyd 177S-1783 
 
 Leonard Gansevoort ..1787-1788 
 Alexander Hamilton. .1782-1783 
 Alexander Hamilton. .1787-1788 
 John Haring 1774-1775 
 
 John B. Ashe 1787-1788 
 
 Timothy Bloodworth. .1786-1787 
 
 Williani Blount 1782-1783 
 
 William Blount 1786-1787 
 
 Thomas Burke 1777-1781 
 
 Robert Burton 1 787-1 788 
 
 Richard Caswell 1774-1776 
 
 William Cumming 1784-1784 
 
 Cornelius Harnett 1777-1780 
 
 Benjamin Hawkins ...1781-1784 
 
 John Armstrong 1778-1780 
 
 John Armstrong 1787-1788 
 
 Samuel Atlee ./. 1778-1782 
 
 John Bavard 1 785-1787 
 
 Edwaril Biddle 1774-1776 
 
 Edward Biddle 1778-1779 
 
 William Bingham 1787-1788 
 
 Matthew Clarkson 1785-1786 
 
 William Clingan 1777-1 779 
 
 George Clvmer 1776-1778 
 
 George Clymer 1780-1783 
 
 John Dickinson 1774—1776 
 
 Thomas Fitzsimmons. . 1782-1783 
 
 Benjamin Franklin 1775-1776 
 
 Joseph Cialloway 1774-1775 
 
 Joseph Gardner 1784-1785 
 
 Edward Hand 1 784-1785 
 
 William Henry 1784-1786 
 
 NKW YOKK. 
 
 John Haring 1785-1788 
 
 John Jay 1774-1777 
 
 John Jay 1778-1779 
 
 John Lansing 1784-1788 
 
 John Lawrence 1785-1787 i 
 
 Francis Lewis 1774-1779 t 
 
 Philip Livingston 1774-1778 
 
 Robert R. Livingston ,1775-1777 
 Robert R. Livingston .1779-1781 
 
 Walter Livingston 1784-1785 
 
 Isaac Low' 1 774-1 775 
 
 Ezra L'Hommedieu. . .1779-1783 
 Ezra L'Hommedieu. . .1787-1788 
 Ciouverneur Morris 1777-1780 
 
 NOKTH CAROLINA. 
 
 Benjamin Hawkins ...1786-1787 
 
 Joseph Hewes 1774-1777 
 
 Joseph Hewes " 1779-1779 
 
 Whitmil Hill 1778-1781 
 
 William Hooper 1774-1777 
 
 Samuel Johnston 1780-1782 
 
 Allen J(;ines 1779-1780 
 
 Willie Jones 1780-1781 
 
 Abner Nash 1782-1784 
 
 Abner Nash '' 1785-1786 
 
 PENNSYLVANI.^. 
 
 Charles Humplireys ..1774-1776 
 
 Jared Ingersoll . . .' 1780-1781 
 
 William Irvine 1786-1788 
 
 David Jackson 1785-1786 
 
 Timothy Matlack 1780-1781 
 
 James SicClene 1779-1780 
 
 Samuel Meredith 1787-1788 
 
 Thomas Mifflin 1774-1776 
 
 Thomas Mifflin 1782-1784 
 
 Charles Morris 1783-1784 
 
 Robert Morris 1776-1778 
 
 Joseph ^Montgomery ..1780-1784 
 
 John Jlorton ." . . . 1774-1777 
 
 Fred'k.i. Muhlenberg. 1778-1780 
 
 Richard Peters 1782-1783 
 
 Charles Pettit 1785-1787 
 
 J. Read 1787-1788 
 
 Joseph Reed 1777-1778 
 
 Lewis Morris 1775-1777 
 
 Alexander McDougall. 1781-1782 
 Alexander McDougall. 1784-1785 
 
 Ephraim Paine 1784-1785 
 
 Zephaniah Piatt 1784-1786 
 
 Philip Schuyler 1775-1777 
 
 Philip Schuyler 1778-1781 
 
 John Morin Scott 1780-1783 
 
 Melancthon Smith 1785-1788 
 
 Henry Wisner 1774—1776 
 
 Abraham Yates, jr 1787-1788 
 
 Peter W. Yates 1785-1787 
 
 John Penn 1775-1776 
 
 John Penn 1777-1780 
 
 John Sitgreaves 1784-1 785 
 
 William Sharoe 1779-1782 
 
 Richard D. Spaight. . .1783-1785 
 John Swan 1787-1788 
 
 John AVilliams 1778-1779 
 
 Hugh W'illiamson 1782-1785 
 
 Hugh Williamson 1787-1788 
 
 Alexander White 1786-1788 
 
 Samuel Rhodes 1774-1775 
 
 Daniel Roberdeau 1777-1779 
 
 George Ross 1774-1777 
 
 Benjamin Rush 1776-1777 
 
 James Searle 1778-1780 
 
 William Shippen 1778-1780 
 
 James Smith 1776-1778 
 
 Jonathan B. Smith ...1777-1778 
 
 Thomas Smith 1780-1782 
 
 Arthur St. Clair 1785-1787 
 
 George Taylor 1776-1777 
 
 Thomas Willing 1775-1776 
 
 James Willson 1 775-1778 
 
 James Willson 1782-1783 
 
 James AVillsun 1 785-1787 
 
 Henry Wynkoop 1779-1783 
 
 Jonathan Arm M 1782-1784 
 
 Peleg Arnold 1787-1789 
 
 John Collins 1778-1783 
 
 Ezekiel Cornell 1780-1783 
 
 Williani EUery 1776-1781 
 
 AVilliam Ellery 1783-1785 
 
 Thomas Bee 1780-1782 
 
 Richard Beresford 1783-1785 
 
 John Bull 1784-1787 
 
 Pierce Butler 1787-1788 
 
 William H. Drayton '■.1778-1779 
 
 Nicholas Eveleigh 1781-1782 
 
 Christopher (iadsden .. 1774-1776 
 
 John L. ( lervais 1782-1783 
 
 Thomas Hevward, jr. .1776-1778 
 
 Daniel Huger . 1786-1788 
 
 Richard Hutson 1778-1779 
 
 " Piecl November 10, 1779. 
 
 H. Doc. 458 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 Jonathan J. Hazard. ..1787-1789 
 
 Stephen Hopkins 1774-1780 
 
 David Howell 1782-1785 | 
 
 James Manning 1785-1786 , 
 
 Henry Jlarchant 1777-1780 
 
 Henry Marchant 1783-1784 j 
 
 SOUTH CAHOI.INA. 
 
 Ralph Izard 1782-1783 
 
 John Kean 1785-1787 
 
 Francis Kinloch 1780-1781 
 
 Henry Laurens 1777-1780 
 
 Thomas Lynch 1774-1776 
 
 Thomas Lyncli, jr 1776-1777 
 
 John Jlatthews 1778-1782 
 
 Arthur Middleton 1776-1778 
 
 Arthur :\Iiddleton 1781-1783 
 
 Henry Middleton 1774-1776 
 
 Isaac 'Motte 1780-1782 \ 
 
 '•Died December 2, 1786. 
 
 Nathan Miller 
 
 Daniel Mowry 
 
 James ]M. Varnum 
 James M. Varnum . 
 Samuel Ward 
 
 ..1785-1786 
 ..1780-1782 
 ..1780-1782 
 ..1786-1787 
 ..1774-1776 
 
 John Parker 1 786- 
 
 Charles Pinckney 1777- 
 
 Charles Pinckney 1 784- 
 
 David Ramsay 1782- 
 
 David Ramsay 1785- 
 
 Jacob Read 1783- 
 
 Edward Rutledge 1774- 
 
 John Rutledge 1774- 
 
 John Kutledge 1 782- 
 
 PaulTrapier 1777- 
 
 Thomas T. Tucker 1787- 
 
 cDied Septembers. 1779. 
 
 1788 
 1778 
 1787 
 1784 
 1786 
 1785 
 1777 
 1777 
 1783 
 1778 
 1788 
 
18 
 
 CONOKKSSniNAL UIKKtTOKY. 
 
 VIKOIM \. 
 
 Thoiimx AiliimK. 
 Jnliii IliiniHtrr . . 
 l: ' ml Hlitixl . 
 I . 'lori.Kliiihl 
 ( iirliT UnixtKii . 
 
 John l!n'«n 
 
 l''i|«:ir. I ( ':irritiu»t<m 
 
 W lllMln I • !.i|;.'ll 
 
 >\ iiiiMiii r itiiiiiij^ 
 
 WilliitiM 4iniy)«)ii 
 
 (\vriiH (irilliii 
 
 Cvnis (iriHin 
 
 S«iiim-1 llanly" . 
 Iti-iijuiiiiii llurrimMi 
 
 ...1778-1 TNI 
 ...I77H-1V7!» 
 ...1774-177."i 
 
 ...I7H(V-I7S.{ 
 
 ...177<i-177t4 
 ...17S7-17S.S 
 ...17S5-I7S(1 
 ...177tt-17HO 
 ...177;t-17Sl 
 ...17S4-I7S7 
 ...177H-17H1 
 ...I7S7-17HK 
 ...17s;!-17S''. 
 ...1 774-1 77» 
 
 uDlOil Oi'InlxT 17, 
 
 .Iiiliii Hnrvio 
 
 .TaiiK-s Henry 
 
 I'lilrirk Ili'iiry 
 
 Tlii>iiiH.M .k'(ft*ni<>ii 
 
 Tliiiiiiiii< Jrffcrsdii. . . 
 
 Jl)»'|ll\ .IllIU-." 
 
 Jiif^'pli .liini*»i 
 
 Artliiir lAf 
 
 Knuicis l.i^htfoot Lee 
 
 Ili'iiry Iai- 
 
 Kii-linnl lli'tin* \ah-. 
 Kicliiinl Henry I^-e. 
 .Iiiiiies Mu'lison, jr . . 
 .lames Mutli^xin, jr . . 
 17«. 
 
 1777-177!> .lainoH Meroor 
 
 17S(I-I7SI , Joliii F. Mereei. .. 
 
 1774-177tl .lames Mimme 
 
 177.")-1777 Tlidiiia!' Nelson 
 
 17H.'i-I7S.T Th<ima.'< Nelson 
 
 I777-177S Mann I'ane 
 
 17.S0-17K'{ Kilmnnil Pemlleloi 
 
 I7S1-I7S4 ^>lm^ln.l Kan.iiil|.l 
 
 177.'>-I78() IVytoii l{ani|i.||.li '■ 
 
 17S.')-I7.><S Merewetlier Smith 
 
 I774-17SO (ieorp- \Va»iliin^l<ii 
 
 I7S4-I7S7 (ieorjft" Wvthe 
 l7so-i7s;{ 
 
 17S(i-l7H,s 
 
 ftPll'il ()ct»lKT-2-J. 1"7.'>. 
 
 1779-1780 
 178L'-178.5 
 178H-178(j 
 1775-1777 
 1779-1780 
 1777-1777 
 1774-1775 
 17711-1782 
 1774-177.5 
 1 778-1 7.S2 
 1774-177.1 
 . 1775-1777 
 
FIRST CONGRESS. 
 
 First Kenxinv, from March 4, 1789, to September 29, 1789. Second session, from Jtmiian/ 4, J7f>0, to Aik/hsI. 
 IJ, 1790. Third session, from December 6, 1790, to March 3, 1791.' 
 
 Vice-President — Joiix Adams, of Mat>?;ifluisetts. President of flie Senaie pro tempore — Joiix Laxcjdox, 
 of New Hampshire. Secretarij of tlie SeiHite — Samuel Allyxe Otis, of MassachusettiJ. 
 
 Speitker of the House — F. A. MfULEXBEKO, of Pennsylvania. Clerk of the Home — Jonx Becklev, 
 (if Virfjiuia. 
 
 Oliver Ellsworth." 
 
 COXNECTICUT. 
 
 SEXATOKS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William S. .Tolinsoii.'' 
 
 Kenjamin Huntington. 
 Ko<rer Sherman. 
 
 Jonathan Sturges. 
 Jonathan Trumbull. 
 
 Jeremiah Wailsworth. 
 
 Richard Bassett. 
 
 J)1:LAWARE. 
 
 sexators. 
 
 representative. 
 
 .Tolin Vining. ' 
 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 George Read." 
 
 William Few. 
 
 .\braliam lialdwin.'' 
 
 SEXATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 James Jaekson. 
 
 James Gunn. 
 
 George Matthews. <• 
 
 Charles Carroll." 
 
 .MARYLAND. 
 
 SEXATORS. 
 REPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 John Henrv. 
 
 Daniel Carroll. 
 I'enjaniin Coutee. 
 
 George Gale. 
 Joshua Senev- 
 
 William Smith. 
 Michael .lenifer Stone..'' 
 
 iTeim expired March 3, 1791; reanpointed. 
 
 hRcsigned in 1791. 
 
 <■ Took his seat Mav li, 17S9. 
 
 liTook his seat April 20, 1789. 
 ("Took his seat June 17. 1789. 
 /Took his seat June S. 17S9. 
 
 19 
 
20 
 
 CtlNUKKSSIiiN Al. liIHKCTOKY. 
 MASSACIMSKTTS. 
 
 'IViMluiii DiillKii." 
 
 Caleb Stroiijt. 
 
 FUllIT AllHf. 
 
 l-".lliriiltf\' <ii'rry. 
 Iti'iijaiiiiii ImhhIIiiic. 
 
 Jollll Ijiiii^Ioii. 
 
 Aliii'l KiwIiT.'' 
 
 HKI'IIKSKNTATIVm. 
 Jiiliatluill <iMllt. 
 
 (tiMiPKc U-ominl. 
 (ii'ipi-ni- I'urtiiiltn*. 
 
 M;\V II AMl'SIIIKK. 
 
 SKSATiUC.-*. 
 
 HKIMlESEXTATIVfIS, 
 NirllllllLX (iilllUIII. 
 
 XKW .IKRSKY. 
 
 KKNATOH.-*. 
 
 Tlieodorf Stdgwirk.'' 
 (ii'iirnr TliarliiT. 
 
 Jiiiiutlian KImiT. 
 Williaiii r'alcrxiin. 
 
 raiiif Winpite. 
 
 Samuel l.iveriiiort'. 
 
 I'liilfiiKiii Pifkinson./ 
 
 HKri!l->'KNrATIVF>. 
 
 Klia- BiiiKliiiot. ljiiiilnTt Cailwallatli-r. Tliomiu' Siiiiiii-ks<iii. 
 
 NKW YdKK. 
 
 Jaiiii*!* Scliurc'iiiau. 
 
 Knl'ii-' Kiiii;. 
 
 NKN ATOItS. 
 
 HKPKKSKSTATIVVW. 
 
 riiilip Srliuyler. 
 
 William 1-1..V.1. 
 
 lt<-iijamiM llawkiiiH. 
 
 .Jnhn llatlmrri.;' 
 .Iiiliii l^iwremv. 
 
 NoKTII CAKol.lNA. 
 
 SKNATOKS. 
 RKI'HtStKXTATIVES. 
 
 VVter Sylvester. '' 
 .lereiiiiah Van ReIl^e!clae^. ' 
 
 Stimiicl .liihiistiii). 
 
 Jiiliii lUll'ti."! Anlie. J 
 Timotliv Itl'HMlwurlli.' 
 
 Jollll Sevier. ' 
 .Inlin Steele.'" 
 
 lliiu'li Williamsiiii.'' 
 
 William Miieluv. 
 
 I'KNXSYI.VAXIA. 
 
 >KXATilU-. 
 lIKI'RKSKXTATIVfM. 
 
 HnlHTl Mi.rris. 
 
 I>«iiii'l Ileister. Tluiiua!' S<-iitt. 
 
 I'"ri-<li'rirk Auiriistuc MulileiilierK." Henry WynkiMiji. 
 I'liiT Miililiinlierg. 
 
 'irtic Aitril ft. I7W. for till* piirjMwo of (iimmiIiik hikI ii>iiiiliiiir tlii« vcU's fur I'ri'siilem »iid 
 
 ,t. - 
 
 r nf N»'w Jvn"i\v. 
 W lil>M'nt I liivmlDT «. ITWI. 
 
 n««>k llN -nit Jam- llJ, 1790. 
 I" TiHik lil!> mmU April 19. 1T90. 
 ■ TiHik liinK-Ht Murv'h l'.>, 17»i. 
 oElcilcd !'i>ciikiT April 1. 17S9. 
 
Theodore Foster. « 
 
 FIRST C'OKGRESS. 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 SEXATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 Hcnjaiuiri Boiini. ' 
 
 21 
 
 Joseph Shiuton, jvJfi 
 
 Pierce Buttler. 
 
 ^■Edanus Burke. 
 Daniel Huger. 
 
 SOUTH C.iROLIXA. 
 
 SEX.VTORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Wllham Smith. f' 
 Thomas Sumter. '■ 
 
 Ralpli Izard. 
 
 Thomas Tudor Tucker. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 William (iravsou..'' 
 .hihn Walker. y 
 
 SEN.iTORS. 
 
 Richard Henry Lee. 
 James Monroe. '' 
 
 Theodorick Bland. 
 John Brown. 
 Isaac Coles. 
 W'illiam B. Giles. J 
 
 REPKESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Richard Bland Lee. 
 James Madison, jr. 
 Andrew Moore. 
 John Page. 
 
 Josiah Parker. 
 Alexander White. 
 Samuel Griffin. 
 
 "Term e.xpired March 3. 1791; reappointed: took his seat .Tune 2rt. 1790. 
 !>Took his seat .Iiine 2.5, 1790. 
 ■•Took his seat Deeember 17, 1790. 
 '? Election nnsueeessfullv contested bv David Ramsav. 
 cTook liis ^(,•at -May Zj, 1789. 
 /Died Marili IJ. 1790. 
 
 a .-Vpprtinted l:iy the governor in place of William Grayson, deceased. 
 
 * Elected li.\- the legislature in place of William Gray.son. deceased; took liis seat liecember 6, 1790; ti-nn expired March 
 3, 1791; reappointed. 
 ' Died .Tune 1. 1790. 
 J Elected in place of Theodorick Bland, deceased; took his seat l)e(rember 7. 1790. 
 
SECOND COXCKKSS. 
 
 Fint unmliiii, fnnn (Moltrr i4, 1791, (« Mau if. 1T!>^. SrO'iiil wjwiViii, /rn„i \,nymi>rr .'•, 17!>J, Id 
 
 y'ltirrh i, 17!>.1. 
 
 IW- /VviiV/fii/, — .I.uis An.\M8, of Mawiiirliusettn. J'reiiiilrnl» of llu- Seiinle vm lempore. — Kic-ii.vitn 
 IIknry I ■■ ' I'loctt'il April IS, 17ii2. .Iohx LAMirnix, ofXi-w HiiTiipsliiro, clcctcil XovemIxT 
 
 5, 17)12 ^.ll.l^.— Samiki, Ai.i.yxk ()tis, <i( Mas.suliusi-lt.<. 
 
 S/i-.u -.. — .liiNATiiAX TniMiiii.L, of tAmiiocticut. CUrk uj the Home. — John Bki-ki.ky, 
 
 of Vir>:iiiiii. 
 
 OliviT KlL-iworlli. 
 
 Juiiii-!' Ilillhiiiijic. 
 
 Kiclmnl Hu.-sctt. 
 
 CONXEcTirUT. 
 
 SKXATVlltS. 
 UKI'RKSKXTATIVES. 
 
 .Inimlliaii Stiir^es. 
 Jimathaii TriiiiilMill. '■ 
 
 PKLAWAIU:. 
 
 SKXATllKS. 
 RKI'BKSKXTATIVE, 
 
 .lolui Viiiiiijr. 
 
 <;kor(;ia. 
 
 SKXATllHS. 
 
 RopT SluTnian. " 
 
 .lereniiah Wails worlli. 
 
 tieorp- Read. 
 
 William Few. 
 
 James Ciunii. 
 
 ItKI'IIH~K\ 1 V IIVKS. 
 
 A)in\liaiii I'tililwiii. .lolin Millpilpv Aiithimy Wayiio/' 
 
 KKNXrCKY. 
 
 Kranris Willis. 
 
 .Iiiliii I'.riiwn. 
 Chri.«t<i|>li»T tir»'«'nup. 
 
 Cliarlc!' ('arn>ll.' 
 John lli-iirv. 
 
 SKXATOHS, 
 HKI'KKSENTATIVES. 
 
 MAUYl.A.Mi. 
 
 SKXATOItS. 
 HKI'KJSiKNTATIV ES. 
 
 w. 
 
 I'll 
 J.. 
 
 \\:u. 
 W 
 
 .1. 
 
 K Murmy. 
 
 M\I'V. ' 
 
 Joliii KilwanN. 
 
 Ali-xanil«T I>. t»rr. 
 
 Kii'lianl 1'ott.x./ 
 
 I jiiMii :~MiTciiii;i 
 fsimiicl Sterritt. 
 
 ;:>kiit I iitkl 
 
 I, nTid t...k IiUmiiI OcIo1kt2<, IWl. 
 
 • T -il. ITW. 
 Ih. n \w li. Ik- vnilillt M«n-ll ■-•I. 1792. 
 
 I TOT. 
 
 ■ >. ii-i>:iu.i. i...k lii~ xal Kil.ruiirv I., liK. 
 
Georare Cabot. 
 
 Fislier Anu-s. 
 Shearjashul) Bourne. 
 Elbridge (ierry. 
 
 .Tiihn TiMiiffiloii." 
 Nirhiilas < liliiiaii. 
 
 riiilemuii Dickinson. 
 
 SECOND CONGRESS. 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 KEPHKSENTATIVES. 
 
 Benjamin Goodluie. 
 Theodore Sedgwiek. 
 George Tliaoher. 
 
 NEW IIAMI'SHIRE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENT.iTIVES. 
 
 Sauiiiel Livermore. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SEX.\TOR.S. 
 
 23 
 
 Calel> Strong. 
 
 Artemas Ward. 
 
 Paine Wingate. 
 
 .Tercmiali Smith. 
 
 Jolin Rutlierl'urd. 
 
 REPRESEN"T.\TIVES. 
 
 Elias Boudinot. Al)ralKuii Clark. .lonathan Dayton. Aaron Kitchell. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 .\aron Burr. 
 
 Rufus King. 
 
 Egljert Benson. 
 James Gordon. 
 
 Benjanuu Hawkins. 
 
 Jo1h\ Baptist Aslie.' 
 William Barrv (irove. 
 
 William Findley. 
 Thomas Fitzsimona. 
 Andrew Gregg. 
 
 Theodore Fo.ster. 
 
 Pieri;e Butler. 
 
 Robert Barnwi'll. 
 Daniel Hut;er. 
 
 REPRESENT.^TIVES. 
 
 John Jjawrence. 
 Cornelius C. Schoonmaker. 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SENATOR.S. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Nathaniel Macon. 
 John Steele. 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 SENATOR. 
 
 Robert Morris. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Thomas Hartlej'. - 
 Daniel Heister. 
 Israel Jacobs. 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Benjamin Bourn. 
 SOX'TH CAROLINA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William Smith. 
 Thomas Sumter. 
 
 Peter Sylvester. 
 Thomas Tredwell. 
 
 Samuel .Johnston. 
 
 Hugh Williamson. 
 
 John W. Kittera. 
 Frederick A. Muhlenberg. 
 
 Joseph Stanton. 
 
 Ralph Tzard. 
 
 Thomas Tudor Tucker. 
 
 lEIeptefl President pro tempore November 5, 1792. 
 
24 CdNORKSSIDNAL UIKKlToRY. 
 
 VKKM<»NT. 
 
 SKNATilKH. 
 Sli-|ili.ii li. Itni.llev. M.iWH KohiiiHon. 
 
 K>:l'KESKNTATIVB!«. 
 \ail,.iMi.l Mil.•^ '"ni'-' >^>"i»l'- 
 
 Vim. IMA. 
 
 HKNATllltH. 
 
 Kiilmnl lliiirv U-*-. " ,Iolin Tayli.r. '• 
 
 .liiiiu*H MniiriK^. 
 
 KKI'RKSKSTATIV l>. 
 
 Jiilin Hmwii. .liiiiii'.-' Mailison. Abniliaiii I!. W-nalili'. 
 
 William II. tiiUf. Aiwlicw Mnoir. Alexati.lir Wliit.. 
 
 Saiiiiul (irillin. .I.ilm Pa^r. 
 
 |!i. liMi.1 r.lmi.l Lev. .Ii«?.iali I'arki-r. 
 
 • Klwtwl rrvolili-nt pro tempore April 18, 1792; rcsiim«l tn l/K!. 
 
 '■Eloctwl III pliiw of Itli'liiinl Henry Iav. n-slifiieil: t<Kik IiIsmiii liiiciiilwr 1.;. IT'.rj. 
 
THIRD CONGRESS. 
 
 First m'ti>:l()ii, fniin Di'cemher ii, 179S, to June .9, 1794- Second Kcssion, from. XoreDiher S, 1794, '" .^f<ir<-li 
 
 3, 1795. 
 
 Vice-President. — John Adams, of Massachusetts. Presidents of the Semite pro tempore. — Ralph 
 Izard, of South Carolina, elected May 31, 1794; Hexry Tazewell," elected February 20, 1795. Secre- 
 tary of the Senate. — Sa.muel Allyne Otis, of Massachusetts. 
 
 Speaker of the House. — Frederick Augustcs Muhlenberg, of Pennsylvania. Clerk of the House. — 
 John Beckley, of Virginia. 
 
 Oliver Ellsworth, 
 
 Joshua Coit. 
 James Hillhouse. 
 Amasa Learned. 
 
 Henrv Latimer.'' 
 
 Henrv Latimer. <■ 
 
 James Gunn. 
 
 Abraham P.aldwin. 
 
 John Brown. 
 
 Christopher Greenup. 
 
 John Henrv. 
 
 (iabriel Chri.stie. 
 George Dent. 
 Gabriel Duvall. " 
 Benjamin Edwards../" 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 SEX.\TORS. 
 
 represent.^tives. 
 
 Zephaniah Swift. 
 Uriah Tracy. 
 Jonathan Trumlnill. 
 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 senators. 
 
 representatives. 
 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 sen,4.tors. 
 
 represent.vtives. 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATI V ES. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Uriah Forrest. f 
 William Hindman. 
 John Francis Mercer.'' 
 Samuel Smith. 
 
 Stephen Mix Mitc-hell." 
 
 Jeremiah Wadsworth. 
 
 John Viniiit.'. 
 
 John Patton.f? 
 
 James Jackson. 
 
 Thomas P. Carnes. 
 
 John Edwards. 
 
 Alexander I>. ( )rr. 
 
 Richanl Potts 
 
 Thomas Sprigg. 
 W-illiam Vans Murrav. 
 
 <i Elected in plme of Riiner Sherman, deceased, in 1793: took his seat December 2. 1793. 
 
 ftTook liis seat Fetinuirv 'JS. 17'.t.'>, in i)lace of George Read, resigned in 1793. 
 
 (•Took his seat Fclimary 1-1, 1794. 
 
 rf Election successfully contested by Henry Latimer. 
 
 *■ Elected in place of John Francis Mercer, resigned; took his seal November 11, 179-1. 
 
 /Took his seat January 2. 179,^. 
 
 <J Resigned November ,S, 1794, 
 
 I' Resigned April 13, 1794. 
 
2(> 
 
 (ifOrvT"' ' lllmt. 
 
 SlK'«rja"liiili Itiiuiiu'. 
 Ihtviil t'lilili. 
 I'rUv <'<'lliii. jr- 
 lloiirv iK'urUirii. 
 
 Jiiliii Ijiiiptiiii. 
 
 CONO RESSK »N A L Ul KKCT< >U Y . 
 MASSAC I irSKTTS. 
 
 SKNATOIUS. 
 
 tiili'li StrniiK. 
 
 TIicimIitc Scd^vvifk. 
 (ii'iir^c TluuliiT. 
 I'elfj: Wailf^wnrth. 
 Arteiiiu.< Wanl. 
 
 \'>-itiil:i- i iiltiiaii 
 
 .lohll S 
 
 ItKI'KHiKNTATIVES. 
 
 Siiniiicl IVxtcr, jr. 
 I>\vi«lit Kiii'ttT. 
 Ili'iijaiiiin < iiMHllini'. 
 Sainiu'l Iliiltcn. 
 William l.yiiiiiii. 
 
 NKW llAMl'SlllKi;. 
 
 SKSATOIW. 
 
 Saiinicl l.ivfriiii>n'." 
 
 UKI'IIKHKNTATIVK-S. 
 
 SlH-rliiiriii-. JiTi'iuiuh Siiiilli. I'aim- Wiii^rate. 
 
 NKW JKKSKY. 
 
 KniK-rick Kn-linuluiyHfii. 
 
 SK.N AT11HS. 
 
 KKI'ltKSKNTATIVES. 
 
 Jiiliii Ilcatty. 
 Kliax l(<in<lin<>t. 
 
 l^aiulnTl OiilwallaiU-r. 
 Al)niliaiii Clark.'' 
 
 Jdliii Kiitlirrliinl. 
 
 .loiiatliaii Payton. 
 .\arim Kitohell.-' 
 
 Aunm Burr, NfW Yurk. 
 
 TlieiMliiriiM Bailey. 
 IVIcr Vail t iiuLxlRvk. 
 Kwkifl (iiilK-rt. 
 Juiiitf (innliiii. 
 
 NKW ViillK. 
 
 SEXAT11H.S. 
 HKIMtl-SKXTATlVKr.. 
 
 Henry (ilfiiii. 
 Silas Tallmt. 
 Tliiiina.- Ti-.-.lwtll. 
 ■loliii K. \m) .\lleii.'' 
 
 Kulii.< Kiiij!. 
 
 I'liiliji Vail Ciirtlandt. 
 .I.ilin Watt.". 
 
 IViijaiiiiii llawkiii!'. 
 
 .t. 
 
 Til. 
 Wi 
 
 Jaini--* • 'int-jth'. 
 William liarrv (irovv. 
 
 -Ion hauxiii. 
 
 NdKTll CAUnl.INA. 
 
 HKPHEHKNTATIVES. 
 
 Matthew I,.i,-ke. 
 Natliaiiii'l Macon. 
 .l<M'|>li .Mi'Dciwell. 
 .Mexaniler Melwne. 
 
 Alexander Maiii 
 
 Heiijamin Williams. 
 Jdseiili Winston. 
 
 Alliert (iaiiatiii. 
 KolH-rt Morri!". 
 
 Jaiiii-o .\mi"iii'ii:;. 
 W 
 
 Tl 
 
 At. 
 
 Tl i.-v. 
 
 I'KX.NSYI.VA.MA. 
 
 SKXATolts. 
 IIKrUKSKXT.KTIVKS. 
 
 allies Koss..'' 
 
 Ihiiiiel I leister. 
 
 William Irvine. 
 
 .lolin Wilkes Kittorn. 
 
 William Moiitpiniery. 
 
 rre<lerirk .\in;nstii.s Mulilenlii'ru.'y 
 
 tt'mp«trt; Ki'tinwry ao, IT-' 
 
 I'eter Muhlenberg. 
 Thomiux Seott. 
 John Sniilie. 
 
 ."♦•(l; li».L liL- ~i .1'. Juliiuiry W. ITUi. 
 'V K. Villi l<i'ii>M-liu'r. 
 
 ITW. 
 
i 
 
 AVilliani livmU'urd. 
 Benjamin Bunrn. 
 
 Pierce Butler. 
 
 Lemuel Bentim. 
 Alexander Gillon. If 
 Robert Goodloe Harper. '' 
 
 kStephen K. Bradley. 
 Nathaniel Miles. 
 
 Jame.s .Monroe.'' 
 John Tavlor.*' 
 
 Isaac Coles. 
 Thomas Claiborne. 
 William B. Giles. 
 Samuel Griffin. 
 George Hancock. 
 Carter B. Harrison. 
 John Heath. 
 
 THIRD CONGRESS. 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 SEXATOnS. 
 KEI'K10SEXT.\TIVES. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SESATOR.S. 
 REPRESEXTATIVKS. 
 
 John Hunter. 
 Andrew Pickens. 
 William Smith. 
 
 YER5I0NT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Rl'U'RESEXTATIVKS. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 27 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENT ATI VES. 
 
 Richard Bland Lee 
 James iladison. 
 Andrew Jloore. 
 Joseph Neville. 
 Anthony New. 
 John Nicholas. 
 John Page. 
 
 Theodore Foster. 
 
 Francis Jtalbone. 
 
 Ralph Izard." 
 
 Richard Wyun. 
 
 Moses Ro)iiuson. 
 
 Israel Smith. 
 
 Henrv Tazewell.*' 
 
 Josiah Parker. 
 Francis Preston. 
 Koliert Rutherford. 
 Abraham Venable. 
 Francis Walker. 
 
 TERRITORY SOt'TH OF THE OHIO RIVER. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 James AVhite. ./" 
 
 f Eleeted President pro tern. Mav 31, 1791. 
 !.Dk-i1 in 1794. 
 
 >■ Elfcted in place of Alexander Gillon. dec-eased; look his seat February 9. 1795. 
 fi Resigned iu 1794. 
 
 f Elected in place of .Tohn Taylor, resigned: took his seat December 29, 1794: elected President pro ti-niinire Febrnarv ''0 
 179.5. 
 /Took his seat Xoveniber 1s, 171)4. 
 
FOT^ETTT rOXGEESS. 
 
 Firxt «'*<iOH, from December 7, 179.5, In .lum- /, 17!)H. Seiumd hi'skuhi, frmn Duviiiln r ,-7. 179fj, In Mnnli .i, 
 
 1797. 
 
 Vice- Prr.tiili 111. — .TdUX An.vMs, of Mapsachnsetts. Pretildenix nf Ihc .V/«l^ /irn Intijinir. — Samiki. 
 LivKR.MORE. of Xew Hampshire, elected May tl, 179t); William 1?ini;iiam, of Peiin,«ylvania, elected 
 February 16, 1797. •Secretary of the .Semite. — Samiel Allyxe Otis, of ilast^cliusietts. 
 
 .Speaker of the Howe. — Jonathan Dayton, of New . Jersey. Clerk of the IIou»e. — Joiix Becklev, of 
 Virginia. 
 
 Oliver Kllsworth." 
 Jaiuec Hillhouse. * 
 
 CONNKCTICl."T. 
 
 SEXATOR.S. 
 
 Triah Tracv. •' 
 .lonathan 'frumbuU.'' 
 
 REIMiKSiEXTATtVES. 
 
 Joslma ('(lit. 
 
 Paimiel Wliittlesey Dana. 
 
 Janie.-^ Davenport..'' 
 
 ("hauncey (ioodricli. 
 Hosier (iriswiilil. 
 James Ilillhciii.'^e.!' 
 
 Xatlianiel Smith. 
 Zeplianiali Swift. 
 L'riali Tracv. '7 
 
 Henrv Latimer. 
 
 DKL.WV.VHK. 
 
 sENATnlis. 
 KEI'KESE.NTA 11\ K. 
 
 •Tolin I'att.in. 
 GEOH(iI.\. 
 
 John \'iiiiiin. 
 
 James Guiin. 
 •Tamet. .lackson.'' 
 
 Josiah Tatnall. ' 
 • n'orjre Walton. J 
 
 Ahrahani BaMwin 
 
 REri< l->EXTAI' I v h>. 
 
 KKNTICKY. 
 
 J.Oni MilledKe. 
 
 SKXATOH.S. 
 
 Jiilin Briiwn. Hninplmy Man-hall. 
 
 HKruhXKNTATIVI-X. 
 
 Christopher Oreenup. Alexamler D. Orr. 
 
 n RpslRnctl in 1796. 
 
 ^ F.li-iliil ill |ilnif iif (iliviT ElNworlli. ri-siKiir»l: tixik lii» will livi-oiiitiiT i"., ITW. 
 
 <• KliTli'il in plncc of Joimtliiin Triimliull. reslKiifd; loilc his sini Doceiiilicr fi, I79(i. 
 
 '' Ki-siKiHil ill 17%. 
 
 <• EliTtfil ill plnri- lit I'rinli Tnicv; look liis wal Jiimmry 3, 1797. 
 
 /EliTliil in |ilii<eof .liinie.1 Hilltioii»(.; i.kiI: liis will Dccpmlicr ."i, 17»;. 
 
 i/Klfrl«'<l Si'nalor. 
 
 i> Ke-«i>,'n.Ml In 1795. 
 
 I Klcrtccl in iiliii'cotJnmeK Jackson. rp.siKnwl-. look liis seal April 12. Ii'.i<>. 
 
 J Appoinlcd in place of .fames .lacksini. rt-<l|{nc<l; took his ncnt Uwcmlwr Is, 17y5. 
 
 2H 
 
 I 
 
FOURTH CONGRESS. 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 29 
 
 John Henry. 
 
 John Easer Howanl." 
 
 Richard Putts. » 
 
 HEPKKSENTATIVES. 
 
 (labriel Christie. 
 Jeremiah Crabb. *> 
 William Craik. <■ 
 George Dent. 
 
 Gabriel Duvall.'' 
 William Hindman. 
 Samuel Smith. 
 Richard S])rigg;, jr. • 
 
 Thomas Sprigg. ./' 
 William A'ans Murray. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 George Cabot. ^ 
 Benjamin Goodhue.!/ 
 
 Fisher Ames. . 
 Theophilus Bradbury. 
 Henry Dearborn. 
 Dwight Foster. 
 Nathaniel Freeman, jr. 
 
 SEXATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Theodore Sedgwick.'' 
 Caleb Strong. '' 
 
 Benjamin Goodhue. 
 George Leonard. 
 Samuel Lyman. 
 William Lyman. 
 John Reed. 
 
 Theodore Sedgwick. ' 
 Thomson J. Skinner. J 
 George Thacher. 
 Joseph B. ^'arnuIn. 
 Peleg Wadsworth. 
 
 Al.iiel Foster. 
 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John Langdou. Samuel Livermore.^' 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Nicholas Gilman. John S. Sherburne. Jeremiah Smith. 
 
 Frederick Frelinghuyscn. '' 
 John Rutherford. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 liEPHESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Jonathan Dayton.'" 
 Thomas Henderson. 
 
 Aaron Kitchell. 
 Isaac Smith, 
 
 Richard Stockton.' 
 
 Mark Thompson. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 Aaron Burr, New York. 
 Rufus King." 
 
 SEN.\TOKS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Theodorus Bailey. 
 William Cooper. 
 Ezekiel (jilbert. 
 Henry Glen. 
 
 John Hat horn. 
 Jonathan N. Havens. 
 Edward Livingston. 
 John E. Van Allen. 
 
 John Lawrence." 
 
 Philip Van Cortlandt. 
 John Williams. 
 
 a Elected in place of Richard Potts, resigned: took his seat December 27, 1796. 
 h Re.signed in 17%. 
 
 c Elected In place of Jeremiah Crabb, resigned: took his seat December 5, 1796. 
 <i Resigned .March 2S. 1796. having been appointed judge of the supreme court of Maryland. 
 e Elected in i)lace of Gabriel Duvall, resigned; took his scat May 6, 1796. 
 / Took his seat February 7, 1797. 
 
 {/Elected in place of George Cabot, resigned: took his .seat December 6. 1796, 
 'i Elected in place of Caleb Strong, resigned: took his seat December 21. 1796. 
 i P^lected Senator, 
 
 J Elected in place of Theodore Sedgwick: look his seatJanuary 27, 1797, 
 A; Elected I'rcsident pro tenipt.ire May 6. 1796, 
 
 I Elected in place of Frederick Frelinghuysen, resigned: took his seat December 6, 1796. 
 "' Elected Speaker December 7, 179.^, 
 
 " Resigned in 1796, having been appointed minister to England, 
 o Elected in place of Rufus King, resigned: took his seat December s. 1796, 
 
30 
 
 CONGKESSIONAI, DIUKCTORY, 
 NOUTll CAUdMXA. 
 
 Tiiiidtliv BliiDihvorlli. 
 
 Thomas Blount. 
 Natlian Rrviin. 
 IViiipsoy Burpee. 
 Jessf Kiatikliu. 
 
 SKN.iT<)H.S. 
 
 H KPBESESTATI VES. 
 
 James Gillespie. 
 WilliiUii H. Glove. 
 .laiiK-H IloUaiui. 
 Jlattlii'W l-cfke. 
 
 Alexaniler Martin. 
 
 Nathaniel ^lacon. 
 William Stnidwick." 
 Al>sal<im Tatum.'' 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 William Bingham. '' 
 
 David Ban!. 
 Cn'orjie V.jso.'' 
 William Findley. 
 Albert (iallatin." 
 Andrew lirej;;;. 
 
 SEN.\TOH,s. 
 
 I{I:PKI!SENT.\T1VES. 
 
 Jame.s Koss. 
 
 Thonia.- Hartley. 
 
 Daniel Ileister.'' 
 
 John Wilkes Kittera. 
 
 Samuel Maclay. 
 
 Frederick Augustus Muhlenber<:. 
 
 John Kiehard?. ' 
 ."^amnel Sitjjreavec. 
 John .'^wanwiek. 
 Kiiliard Thomas. 
 
 IMKiHK ISLAND. 
 
 "William Bradford. 
 
 Benjamin Bnurn. 
 
 8EN'.\TOR.><. 
 KKlTilvSEXT.VTl V ES. 
 
 Francis Malbone. 
 
 Thendiire Foster. 
 
 Klisha K. Potter..'' 
 
 Pierce Butler. *> 
 John Hunter.? 
 
 SOUTH fAROLINA. 
 
 SE.S".\TORS. 
 
 REPRE.SENT.\TI VES. 
 
 Ja.ob Head. 
 
 Lemuel Benton. 
 Samuel Earle. 
 
 Wade Hampton. 
 Roljert Goodloe Harper. 
 
 Willi^im Smith. 
 Riihard Wvnn. 
 
 William Blount.'' 
 
 TENNESSKK. 
 
 .SEX.\TOIl.«. 
 HEPKESENT.\TIVE. 
 
 .\ndre\\ Jai'kson.* 
 VERMONT. 
 
 Williaiii Coike.* 
 
 Elijah Paine. 
 Mo.ses Robinson.'' 
 
 Daniel Buck. 
 
 .tE.N.\TOH». 
 
 REPI1ESEXT.\T1VES. 
 
 Isaai- Ticlu-nor. ' 
 
 Kaac Siiiiili. 
 
 "Elcflert In plnre of Abiiiilom Tiitum, realgncd; took his seat Bcccmber 13, IW'. 
 
 '' K.-sIkii'''1 in 17%. 
 
 •■ Elff'tcd rrcsidcnl itro Icinporr Febnmrv lt». 1797. 
 
 '' Klirtfil in pIiK-e of Iiiinirl IlcisliT. rcslKned: took hisRCnt r)eromt>orK. 179fi. 
 
 rSncifNifully ciinli'-lid Ilu' cli'ition of .liilnrs Morris, who hiiil rcrclvcHl '•iTtiUcBti'; t<«ik Ills wnt Jitnimry IS, 179f>. 
 
 / KU'iliil in iiliii'oof Iti'njmnin Bourn, rfsimnil; t<H>k liis sciil IiiMomIxT I!', V96. 
 
 V KU'Ctiil in plnci- of I'li-irt- BntliT. rosiKntil; t<H>k lii- m'hI .liininiry -'7. 17'.>7. 
 
 *T(xik lii.sxeiit lH'i'imber .'>, I'Dfi. 
 
 I Elerlfil 111 )ilii(x- of Mosus Robinson, rf.«lKne(l: took Ills Rp«t IK-ccnibi-r fi, l<w;. 
 
FOURTH CON-GRESS. 
 
 31 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 Stevens Thomson ;\Iasoi 
 
 Richanl Brent. 
 Samuel J. Cabell. 
 Thomas Claiborne. 
 .Tohn Clopton. 
 Isaac Coles. 
 William B. Giles. 
 George Hancock. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Henry Tazewell." 
 
 Carter B. Harrison. 
 John Heath. 
 George Jackson. 
 James Madison. 
 Andrew Moore. 
 Anthony New. 
 John Nicholas. 
 
 John Page. 
 Josiah Parker. 
 Francis Preston. 
 Robert Rutherford. 
 Abraham Venable. 
 
 ti-Eleetecl President pro tempore December 7,179,i. 
 
FIFTH roXdRESS. 
 
 Finlaeiuiiini, friim .Vn;/ Jo, 17:>7, to Jiili/ 10, 17!'7. Second tenxioii, from .Vi<ir«i/«T IS, 1797, tiijuly 16, 179S. 
 Tliiiil stinfiiiii, from Decniilier 3, 179S, la March S, 17!>!i. 
 
 Vice-Prenldeiit. — Thomas Jefferson, of Vir<rinia. Preitiiientx of the Senate pro tempori.—\\'ii.i,i.\» 
 RRAnFoun, of Klioile Island, eleotcil July (i. 17i»7; Jacoh Rkah, of South Ciirolina. elected Novend>er 
 '22, 17!I7: TiiKoiioiiK SEixavK k, of Massaclui^'tts, elected June 27, 17!IS: John 1,a«kence, of New- 
 York, elected Peceinlier ti. 17HS; James Koss, of Pennsylvania, elected March 1, 1799. SecreUirii of the 
 Senate. — Samiei. Ai.i.yxe Otis, of Massachusetts. 
 
 Spenhr "J Ihi- Jfniisr. — Jonxtiian IVxytox, of New Jersey. Speaker of the House pro temimrc. — 
 Ueokok Hent, of .Maryland. elected .\pril L'0. 1798; and ajrainelectetl. May 28, 1798. Clerk u/ the Houte. — 
 JoN.vTiiAN Williams CoNUY, of Peunsvlvania. 
 
 .Tan 
 
 John .Mien. 
 Jonathan Biiice." 
 Joshua Coit.'' 
 
 Ilillhouse. 
 
 ("oNNKCTlrrT. 
 
 SEX.\TORS. 
 1(KI'RESEXT.\TIVES. 
 
 .^aniuel W. Dana. 
 James Oavenport. '' 
 William Edinond.'' 
 
 Uriah Tracv. 
 
 Chauiicey Goodrich. 
 Kofier tiriswold. ' 
 Nathaniel Smith. 
 
 Joshua Clayton. .'' 
 Henrv Latimer. 
 
 nEL.\W.\Ri:. 
 
 SE.NATORS. 
 
 REPRESKXTATIVE. 
 
 James .\. Bavard. 
 
 John \'inintr-!' 
 William Hill Wells.'' 
 
 James < iimii 
 Abraham BaMwin. 
 
 John Brown. 
 
 Thoniao T. Davis. 
 
 liK(tK(iIA. 
 
 SE.NATORS. 
 RKPRE»ENTATIVf>. 
 
 KENTlt KV. 
 
 SENATOR!*. 
 RKIMUrsENTATIVhM. 
 
 J<isiah Tattnall. 
 
 John Milletl^e. 
 
 Humphrey Marshall. 
 John Fowler. 
 
 uEli-iKil in |>liiriMi( JwhunCoil. liweawM. Ii«ik tii« ><mi IM-ci'Ih1ht». IT'.k. 
 
 l-Dii-a III IT'.i*. 
 
 cDIihI in 17'.r. 
 
 rfEIwltit ill plin',' nf .Irtnu'* ritiviMiiM.rt. iIiti'iimkI; \,*iik hi^ s,.|it N»>vi'mtMT i;l. 17*.>7. 
 
 »UM!*iitTt's.',fnI iiioUiin iniitl,- i<> cxfw'l uflrr hiH|n>rsoniil I'liiMtnnltT Miili Miittlu'w Lytm. nf ViTimuil. Frliruary l.V ITUS. 
 
 /Klci'H'il ill I'liii'i' •>( Joliii ViiilnK. rwilgnwl; l«H>k hlssciil hVljriiHrv 111. 17KS: illiM In ITsw 
 
 tf K»'«lKm'<l III 17«*. 
 
 * Eluded In |>liu'f n( Jiwliua I'Inrlnii. dwea-*-*!; look hl»w-til Februiiry 4. I7»SI. 
 
 32 
 
FIFTH CONGRESS. 
 MARYl.AXD. 
 
 33 
 
 John Henrv." 
 John K. Howanl 
 
 James Liovd. '> 
 
 HEPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 (ieorge Baer, jr. 
 AVilliani Craik. 
 John Dennis. 
 
 George Dent. 
 William Hindman. 
 William JIatthews. 
 
 Samuel Smith. 
 Richard Sprigg, jr. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 Benjamin (4oo(ihue. 
 
 Theodore Sedgwick. 
 
 Bailey Bartlett.'' 
 Theii]>hilus Bradlmrv. • 
 Stephen Bullock. 
 1 iwiL'ht Foster. 
 Nathaniel Freeman, jr. 
 
 KEPKESEN'TATIVES. 
 
 Samuel Lyman. 
 Harrison (Tray Otis. 
 Isaac Parker. 
 John Keed. 
 Samuel Sewall. 
 
 William Shepherd. 
 Thomson .1. Skinner. 
 George Thacher. 
 Joseph Bradley Varnum. 
 Peleg Wadsworth. 
 
 NKW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 John Langdon. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Samuel Livermore. 
 
 .\liiel Foster. 
 Jonathan Freeman. 
 
 HEI'KESEXTATIVES. 
 
 William Gordon. 
 Jeremiah Smith. ' 
 
 Peleg S]irague. f 
 
 Franklin Davenport. f 
 John Rutherford.'' 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Richard Stockton. 
 James Schureman. 
 
 Jonathan Dayton. 
 James H. Imlav. 
 
 REPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 James Schureman. J 
 Thomas Sinnickson. 
 
 Mark Thompson. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 John Sloss Hobart. ^' 
 John Lawrence. ' 
 William North."' 
 
 David Brooks. 
 James Cochran. 
 Lni'as Elraendorph. 
 Henry Glen. 
 
 KEI'KESEXTATIVES. 
 
 .lonathan N. Havens. 
 Hezekiah L. Hosnier. 
 Edward Livingston. 
 John E. Van Allen. 
 
 Philip Schuyler." 
 James Watson. " 
 
 Philip Van Cortlandt. 
 John Williams. 
 
 " Kfsigned in 1797, havint? been elected governor. 
 
 '> Kku'teil in place of .John Henry, resigned: took his sent January 11. 179S. 
 cEleeteil president pro tempore June 27, 1798. 
 
 rt Elected in place of Theophilus Bradlairy. resigned; took his seat November 27. 1797. 
 (' Resigned in 1797. 
 
 f Elected in place of Jeremiah Smith, resigned: took his seat December 15, 1797. 
 ff .Appointed in place of John Rtitherford, resigned: took his seat December 19, 179s. 
 >i ResitfUed in 1798. 
 i Elected Sr>eaker May 15, 1797. 
 
 .?■ Elected Senator February 14, 1799, to succeed Franklin Davenport. 
 
 A- Elected in place of Philip Schuyler, resigned: took his seat February 2, 1798: resigned in .-Vpril, I79S, bavins l-ecn 
 appointed judge of the United States district cotirt of New York. 
 'Elected i^rcsident pro tempore December ti. 171),S. 
 
 VI Appointed in i>lace of John Sloss Hobart, resigned: took his .seat May 21, 179S. 
 " Resigned Jantiarv 3. 179S. 
 " Elected in place of John Sloss Hobart. resigned; took his seat December 11, 17HS. 
 
 H. Doc. 458- 
 
 -3 
 
34 
 
 CONORKSSIONAL DIKKCTORY. 
 NORTH CAUOIJNA. 
 
 SEN.VTllKS. 
 
 Timothy ISloudworlli. 
 
 Thomas Blount. 
 Nathan liryan." 
 I>cmsi'y Hiirsie.". 
 Jamet- (iiUus|iu'. 
 
 KKI'Kl-XENTATI V ES. 
 
 William Barry Grove. 
 .Matthew Locke. 
 Xathaiiiil .Mai-on. 
 Joi^eph .Mil>o\vell. 
 
 Alexandir .Martin. 
 
 Kiihanl Dohbs Spaight.'' 
 Kichard Stanfortl. 
 Robert Williama. 
 
 William Binirham. 
 
 Davifl Banl. 
 Robert l?ro\vn.'' 
 John Chapman, 
 tieorpe Kire. ■ 
 William Fimlley. 
 Albert Gallatin. 
 
 J'EXNSYLVANIA. 
 
 SEXATOHS. 
 REPKE.SKXr.\TIVK.S. 
 
 Anilrew (irejrjr. 
 ,Iohn Amlre llanna. 
 Thomas Hartley. 
 Josejih Heister..'' 
 John Wilke.i Kittera. 
 Blair M'Clenachan. 
 
 James Ross. ' 
 
 Samuel Sittrreaves.!/ 
 Jolin !^wan\viek.'< 
 Kieharii Thomas. 
 Robert Wain. ' 
 
 William BradfonhJ 
 Theodore Foster. 
 
 Christopher U. Champlin. 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 SEN.VTOR.S. 
 KKHKKSEXTATIVES. 
 
 Klisha K, I'ntter. ■ 
 
 Ray Greene.* 
 
 Thomas Tillinghast. ' 
 
 John Hunter.'" 
 Charles PiiK-ki>ev." 
 
 Lemuel Benton. 
 Roln-rt <ioo<iloe Ilarjier. 
 Thomas Piriekney.'' 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SEX ATOMS. 
 RKPHESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Jacob Read." 
 
 John Rutlediie, jr. 
 
 William Smith, Charleston ilistriet. 
 
 William Smith, I'ineknev district.'/ 
 
 Thomas Sumter. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 Jo.-^'ph Anderson. 
 William Blount." 
 William Cocke. 
 
 SEX.\TOR.S. 
 
 KErHK.SEXTATlVE. 
 
 William C. V. Clailxjrne.'' 
 
 .\ndrew Jackson.' 
 Daniel Smith. " 
 
 a Died Juno 4. 1798. 
 
 ^EU•<•^^•^i ill jilnec of Xiithnii Bryiui. (IcccnscHl; look his sent December 10, 1798. 
 €■ EloiteM ITesident pro tempon' Mareli 1. 1797. 
 
 •lEli-iti'il ill plinH'ot Sumuel SilKreaves, nvsiifiuil; took Ills ."eat December 4, 17KS. 
 'Ke;iiKiu*<l ill 17'.»7. 
 
 /Kleili'il ill plmeiiflieorge Kye. reslKlUHl; tiwik his sent IKi'emberl. 1797. 
 HKi^siKiied in I7'.»s, liiiviiiK been iippolnli'd oommissinner lo Grent Britain, 
 'i Hied in 17'.>.'*. 
 
 ' Klei-Ied in pliiee of .loiin Swiinwick, resipniHl: look iiis wal Di-eenilHT S. ITys. 
 J Eleiud I'resident jiro iempore.liil\ li. 17^7; ri'siRiied in 17'.i7. 
 »•■ Eleileil ill place oi Williaiu llnidfonl. n'siBiie<l: Ixik Ills seat NovemlKT '."i, 1797. 
 / Eleilcd ill place o( Elisha R. I'ottcr. resigned; took his sent NovenilxT 13. 1797. 
 Bi Rc^'inned ill MVK. _ 
 
 r.-^ii;ned; to<»k his wal Kebniarv ir.. 1799. 
 i.cr •-'->. 1797. 
 
 LTiicd; tiH^k his seat Novemlier "ja. 1797. 
 !■ d ininisler to rortuttal. 
 
 I. e\|»elle<i: i.Kik his seat Novemlwr 'i;, 17li7. 
 
 ' July s. 17'.i7. 
 
 iiElccli-d ill place of John ITuiii 
 oEleclcil I'resiiient pn>telin 
 !■ Elided ill place of WilllM! 
 qKe»ii:nci| in 1797. having i' 
 i-Elccli..! in place of Williani 11: 
 ■ Expelled for 'hinli liiis^leiiieaiHi 
 
 'TiHik Ids seal NovcinlHT Jv!. 1797: nslKned in 179s, 
 
 " .VpiHilnteil In idaee of .Vmlrew Jueksoii, resigiuil: ii«>k his si'nl Deoemlior :i, ITW. 
 
 •T'Nik his s*.'al November 'Si, 1797. 
 
FIFTH CONGRESS. 
 VERMONT. 
 
 35 
 
 Nathaniel ChiiJinaii. 
 Elijah Paine. 
 
 Mattln'w Lviin. 
 
 8EN.\TOKS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Isaac Tichenor. '' 
 
 Lewis R. Morris. 
 
 VIR(iINIA. 
 
 Stevens T. ^lason. 
 
 Henrv Tazewell.'' 
 
 Richard Brent. 
 
 Samuel Joi'don Cabill. 
 Thomas Claiborne. 
 Matt lie w Clay. 
 John Clopton. 
 John Dawson. 
 Joseph Eggleston. " 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Thomas Evans. 
 William B. Giles. .'' 
 Carter B. Harrison. 
 David Holmes. 
 Walter Jones. 
 James Machir. 
 Daniel Morgan. 
 
 Anthony New. 
 John Nicholas. 
 Josiah Parker. 
 Abram Trigg. 
 John Trigg. 
 Abrahanx X'enable 
 
 a Elected in jiliioe of Isnnc Tichenor. resigned; took hi.s .seat November 22, 1797. 
 f» Resigned in 1797. having been elected gov&rnor. 
 
 '■Unsuccessful motion made to e.xpel after his personal encounter with Roger Griswold, of Connecticut, February \h, 
 1798. 
 f( Died January 24, 1799. 
 
 e Elected in place of William B. OiXaa, resigned: took his seal December 3, 1798. 
 / Resigned in 1798. 
 
SIXTH rH)XGEESS. 
 
 First scsxlim, I'roiii Ihremher 3, 1799, In Mini ].',, lafiO. l>eroii(l nefi'm, from Noreiiilu'r J7, ItfOO, lit Mnrrh 
 
 S, ISUl. 
 
 Vire-l'nsiileiil. — TiuiMAs .Jei"i-eh.si)X, iif Virfiiriia. PnniiUiilxof llie Si'milc in-filnnpore. — Samiei, Liv- 
 KKMOHK, iif Ni'W llunip.sliire, oU'ctcil rU'trmliev 2, 1799; rniAii Thacy, i if Connect irut, i-k-i-ted May 14, 
 1S(X); John K. IldWAHi), i>f Marvlaml, I'lectetl Xoveniher 21, ISOO; James Hii.i.iiorsE, of Connecticut, 
 clcctcil I'Vliriiary 2S, If^Ul. Sirnlnri/ oj' the Si'iiale. — Samiei. Ai.i.yxe fh'is, of Massachusetts. 
 
 >/«((/.(;■ of the lliiii.ie. — TiiEoDOHE Sedc.wick, of Jia.ssacliusetts. C/crhs nj the Jfovfe. — Joxathax 
 Williams Ci>ndy, of rennsylvania; Jon.v Holt Oswalu, of Pennsyhania, elected December 9, ISIXI. 
 
 James Hillhonse." 
 
 Jonatlirtii Brace.'' 
 Sannic'l W. Pana. 
 Joliii I'avi'iiport. 
 
 Henrv Latimer. 
 
 Alirali;iin HaMwiii. 
 
 .hunt's Jones. 
 
 .lolm I'.rnvvn. 
 Thiinias T. Davis. 
 
 COXXKCTHTT. 
 
 SEXATOK.S. 
 HKPHESEXTATIVES. 
 
 William Kilmond. 
 Chauiuey (iootlrich. 
 Elizni- (iiKidiirh. 
 
 DKLAWAKK. 
 
 SKXATOIIS. 
 KEI'KESEXTATIVE. 
 
 James A. Bayard. 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 SEXAToas. 
 HEriUSEXTATIVKS. 
 
 KKNTICKY. 
 
 SEXAToK>. 
 KKPKESEXTATI VE.S, 
 
 MAKYI.ANIi. 
 
 I'riah Tracv.'' 
 
 Kojier (iriswold. 
 .hilin C. Smith.'' 
 
 William Hill W. 
 
 James (iuiin. 
 
 Benjamin Taliaferro. 
 
 Humjihrt-y >hirshall. 
 John Fowler. 
 
 SKNATOUS. 
 
 William lliiidman..'' 
 Jolni 1".. Howard.!' 
 
 I ieorjte Baer. 
 I iahriel Christie. 
 William Craik. 
 
 UEI'HI>KXrATIVK.S. 
 
 Georjie Dent. 
 John Dennis. 
 Joseph H. NieholBon. 
 
 James IJovd. ■ 
 
 Samuel Smith. 
 John Cliew Thounu*. 
 
 :!tl 
 
 " Eli-i'li'il I'ri^iilnit prn ti'inpcirt- JVbrimry 2!<. INOl. 
 
 '•EU'iliil lTf«i(lfiil pro li'iiiiKin- Miiy II. 1800. 
 
 '•IU'.'<iKm'<1 ill Isoo. 
 
 '' Kli'iUil ill |i1iiri' o( .lonnthaii Brace, n."»lgne<I: Umk IiIm M'lit Nhvi-iiiImt 17. l.'W). 
 
 '■IKi'il.liinimrv 1:1, imM. 
 
 J Klcclvd ill iilnw of jBrnei Lloyd, resided; UMik liin^inl IitiiMiilKT l.i. ISW. 
 
 a Glci-tcd Pri-sklcnt pro tcmiKire Novcint>er 21, 1I«0. 
 
Samut'l Dexter." 
 Dwight Foster. & 
 
 Bailey Bartlett. 
 Phanuel Bishop. 
 Dwight Foster. '> 
 Silas Lee. 
 Levi Lint nln.'' 
 Samuel Lvinan. '■ 
 
 SIXTH CONGRESS. 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Ebenezer Mattoon./ 
 Harrison G. Otis. 
 Xathan Keail.!/ 
 John Keed. 
 Theoilore Sedgwick.^ 
 Samuel Sewall." 
 
 37 
 
 Benjamin ( Jundhue." 
 Jonathan .Mason.'' 
 
 A\'illiam Shepherd. 
 George Thacher. 
 Joseph B. Varnum. 
 Peleg AVadsworth. 
 Lemuel Williams. 
 
 John Langdon. 
 
 Abiel Foster. 
 Jonathan Freeman. 
 
 NEW iia:mpshire. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REl'KESEXTATIVES. 
 
 William Gordon." 
 James Sheafe. 
 
 Samuel Livermore, ' 
 
 Samuel Tennev. J 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 Jonathan Dayton 
 Aaron Ogden.* 
 
 John Condit. 
 Franklin Davenport. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 James H. Inday. 
 Aaron Kitchell. 
 
 James Schureman.' 
 
 James Lvnn. 
 
 NKW YORK. 
 
 John Armstrong.' 
 John Laurence." 
 
 Theodorus Bailey. 
 John Bird. 
 William Cooper. 
 Lucas Elmendorf. 
 
 Gouverneur Morris.'" 
 James Watson.'' 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Henry Glen. 
 Edward Livingston. 
 Jonas riatt. 
 John Smith. 
 
 John Thompson. 
 Philip A'an Cortlandt. 
 
 XURTH CAROLLVA. 
 
 Timotliv Bloodworth. 
 
 Jesse Franklin. 
 
 Willis Alston. 
 Joseph Dixon. 
 William Barry Grove. 
 Archibald Henderson. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William PL Hill. 
 Nathaniel Macon. 
 Richard Dobbs Spaight. 
 Richard Stanford. 
 
 David Stone. 
 Robert Williams. 
 
 (1 Resigned in I.SOO. , , ,. ... , ..„ tor 
 
 (. Elected Senator in place of Samuel Dexter, resigned: took his seat No\ ember 21, 1« 
 c Electcdin place of Benjamin Goodhue, resigned; took his seat December W. i^W- 
 d Elected in place of Dwight Foster, elected Senator; took his seat February (>, IhUl. 
 e Resigned in 1801. , , ,. ^„ , ., ,„„, 
 
 r Elected in iilace of Samuel Lvmau, resigned; took his seat Febniar> I. 1I5UI. 
 :; Elected in ]dace of Samuel Sewall, resigned; took his seat November 2o, IhOO. 
 'lEIectc'l speaker December 2, 1799. 
 
 '•Elected President pro tempore December 2, 1799. a,cnn 
 
 i Elected in place of William (;..rd..ii. resigne.l : took his seat Decembci .s IsOO. 
 ^Elected in place of James S.-liureiiiaii, resigned; took nis seat March i. IsOl. 
 1 Elected in place of John Laurence, resigned; took his seat January 8, ISOI. 
 Ill Elected in place of James Watson, resigned; took his seat May i, isou. 
 
as 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL UIKKCTOBY. 
 PENXSVLVANIA. 
 
 SKNATOHS. 
 
 William Hinctiani. 
 
 Kiiliert Itnnvii. 
 AlluTt (ialliilin. 
 Aiiilri'W (iri'trj;. 
 .lolin A. Ilanna. 
 Thomas Hartley." 
 
 Theodore Foster. 
 
 John Urown. 
 
 Charles Pineknev. 
 
 Roltert Goodloe Harper. 
 Beiijaiuiu Huger. 
 
 Joseph Anderson. « 
 
 .Tarnca RoHji. 
 
 hepreskxtatives. 
 
 Joseph IK'istcr. 
 John Wilketi Kitteni. 
 Micliai'l I.eil). 
 IVter .MuhU-nlx-ry;. 
 John ."^milif. 
 
 KHODK ISLAND. 
 
 t^ENATURS. 
 KKI'RESE.S'TATl V ES. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SEXATOKS. 
 KKHRESEXTATI V ES. 
 
 Abraham Xott. 
 Thomas Pinrkney. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 KEPRESESTATIVE. 
 
 William Charles Cole Clailx)me. 
 VER.MONT. 
 
 John .Stewart.'' 
 Richard Thomas. 
 Roliert Walii. 
 Heiirv Woods. 
 
 Ray (ireene. 
 
 I'hristopher G. Champliu. 
 
 Jacoh Read. 
 
 John Riitledpe, jr. 
 Thomas Sumter. 
 
 William Coi-ke. 
 
 Nathaniel Chipman. 
 
 Matthew Lvon. 
 
 R EPRESKNTATI V ES. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 Elijah Paine. 
 
 Ix'wis R. Morris. 
 
 Stevens Thomson Mason. 
 
 RK1'K^-<E^•TATIVES. 
 
 .Samuel J. Cabell. 
 Matthew Clay. 
 John Uavvson. 
 Joseph ICjrjile.-'ton. 
 Thnma.'f Evans. 
 .Samuel (ioode. 
 Edwin Gray. 
 
 David Holmes. 
 George Jackson. 
 Henry Lee. 
 John Mar^^hall. ' 
 .\ntliony New. 
 John Nicholas. 
 Robert Page. 
 
 VVilson Carv Nicholas.'' 
 
 Josiah Parker. 
 Levin Powell. 
 John Handol|>h. 
 Littleton W. Tazewell. ( 
 Abram Tri^.'g. 
 John Trigg. 
 
 TERRITORY NtlRTHWEST OF THE OHIO IH\ KK. 
 
 DELEGATES. 
 
 William Henry Harrison. ' 
 
 William M'Millan.? 
 
 <■ nU'il in ISOO. 
 
 '• Kliitiil 111 plnrc of Thomns Ilnrlky. ilo(i'iisi'<l; look liiKsont Fi'tminry S. ISOI. 
 
 <■ l-Ilert*-*! In piiiro of .Vmlri'W ,lack^>n. n-siniuHl; (tMtk hf> M'nt Peci'iulKT -'. ITSli. 
 
 '' KlicUcI in plmv of Honrv Tuzi'»i-ll. ditciiM'd ; liMik his M'at Jiinniirv S. Isou. 
 
 •■Ki'Mun.-.! in ISKI. 
 
 /Klr< uhI in iiliK'tMif John Mnr>liiill. rt'signiil. tixik his M-nl Novi'mlxr '.V., lOlHi. 
 
 uElwloJ ill place of Wllliiiiii Honry IlniTiwii. n-signwl; took liis svhi NovemlxT IM, ISOO. 
 
SEVENTH CONGRESS. 
 
 First session, from December 7, isni. In MnijS, ISOJ. Second .lession, from December (S, 1S03, to Marrh 3, 1803. 
 
 Vice-President. — Aaron Burr, of New York. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. — Abraham 
 Baldwin-, of Georgia, elected December 7, 1801, and again elected April 17, 1802; Stephen R. Bradley, 
 of Vermont, elected December 14, 1802, and again elected February 25, 1803, and again elected March 2, 
 1803. Secretary of tlie Senate. — Samuel Allyne Otis, of ]Massachusetts. 
 
 SpeaJcer of the House. — Nathaniel Macon, of North Carolina. Clerk of the Bouse. — John Beckley, 
 of Virginia. 
 
 James Hillhouse. 
 
 Samuel W. Dana. 
 John Davenport. 
 Roger Griswold. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 senators. 
 
 representatives. 
 
 Calvin Goddard. 
 Elias Perkins. 
 John C. Smith. 
 
 Uriah Tracv. 
 
 Benjamin Talhnadge. 
 
 William Hill Wells. 
 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 senators. 
 
 representative. 
 James A. Bayard. 
 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Abraham Baldwin." 
 
 Samuel White. 
 
 James Jackson. 
 
 Peter Early. «■ 
 
 John Breckenridge. 
 Thomas T. Davis. 
 
 William Hindman. ' 
 John E. Howard. 
 
 John Archer. 
 Walter Bowie. 
 John Campbell. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 David Meriwether. <' John INIilledge.'' 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 SEN.ATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John Dennis. 
 Daniel Heister. 
 Joseph H. Nicholson. 
 
 Benjamin Taliaferro.'' 
 
 John Brown. 
 
 John Fowler. 
 
 Robert Wright..'' 
 
 Thomas Plater. 
 
 Samuel Smith. 
 Richard Sprigs 
 
 rt Elected President pro tempore December?, 1801. and April 17, 1S02. 
 
 ?> Elected in place of John Milledge, resigned: took his seat January 10, 1S03. 
 
 cElectiil ill pliHc of Benjamin Taliaferro, resigned; took his seat Decemljer 6. 1802. 
 
 rfResigruri in 1S02. 
 
 e Appointed December 12, ISOO. 
 
 /Elected November 19, 1801, to fill vacancy caused by resignation of James Lloyd. 
 
 39 
 
40 
 
 C'ONGRKSSIONAL llIKKCTOKY. 
 
 I>\viglit KiisliT. 
 
 MASSACIirsKTTTS. 
 
 MONATHKS. 
 liKI'KI-SEXTATIVB*. 
 
 .Iiinntlmn Ma^nti 
 
 Jiilin liiuiiii. 
 I'liiuuK'l l!i>lii>|<. 
 Miina^Hi'h I'utlcr. 
 Hichiinl Cutl.-. 
 William Ku!<tiH. 
 
 .Setli llastiiip'. 
 Sila.- Ia'c." 
 KI)('iU'Zt'r Mattiiiiii. 
 Nathan KcimI. 
 William SIr'iiIutiI. 
 
 Josiali Smith. 
 SKiiiiifl ThachiT. '' 
 Josi'pli ]i. Variium. 
 Pi'lt-n Wa.lswoith. 
 Ia'Ihiu'I Williaiiifi. 
 
 Siinecm OUntt. <■' 
 William I'liimer.'' 
 
 Abiel Foster. 
 Saniiiel Hunt. 
 
 NKW 1IAM1'.S1IIRK. 
 
 SEN.XTDHS. 
 IIHI'KKSKNTATIVKS. 
 
 .lofepli Tierce." 
 Samuel Tennev. 
 
 James Sheafe. " 
 
 (ieor^re B. t'phani. 
 
 .Iiinathan Pavton. 
 
 Jolm t'ouilit. 
 Ebenezer Klmci 
 
 NKW JKliSl'.Y. 
 
 .SEX.VTOR.S. 
 I!EI'HI->KXT.KTI VES. 
 
 William Helms. 
 James Mutt. 
 
 Aaron Oplen. 
 
 Henrv Southanl. 
 
 John Armstroiifr." 
 LK- Witt Clinton./ 
 
 Theodoras Bailev. 
 Lueas I-.lmemlorf. 
 Samuel L. Miteliell. 
 Thomas Morris. 
 
 XKW YOKK. 
 
 SEX AT01l>. 
 KEI'KE-SEXTATI V h>i. 
 
 John Smith. 
 Daviil TlKimas. 
 Philip Van C'ortlainlt. 
 John I*. Van Xe.ss.',/ 
 
 Gouvernenr Morris. 
 
 Killian K. \'an lieiisselaer. 
 Benjamin Walker. 
 
 Jes.se Franklin. 
 
 Willis Alston. 
 William I'larry (irove. 
 ArehihaM Hemlerson. 
 William II. Hill. 
 
 NORTH I'AHOUNA. 
 
 SE.VATons. 
 HEl'HKsEXr.MIVE.s. 
 
 James llollaiul. 
 Charles Johnson.* 
 Nathaniel Macon. ' 
 RiehanI Stant<iril. 
 
 David Stone. 
 
 John Stanley. 
 Rohert Williams..; 
 Thomas Wvnn.s. * 
 
 tieorjjo Lo(;an. ' 
 Peter Muhlenberg."' 
 
 Rol>ert Brown. 
 Thomas Bomle. 
 Andrew tirew;. 
 John .\. Hanna. 
 Jo!<e(ih Hei.ster. 
 
 «» Ke.'iiKiiiHl in l^rj 
 ^EU■l■^l■■l ill !• 
 ••Klf.ii'.l In pi 
 .IKU-. |..l ,n I 
 • I 
 / I 
 
 PKNXSY1.V.\N1.\. 
 
 SEX VToH>. 
 HEI'IIE.SEXTATIVES. 
 
 Joseiili Hemphill. 
 William Ilo^re. 
 William .loties. 
 Michael I.ei.l. 
 John bmilie. 
 
 James Ross. 
 
 John Stewart. 
 IsiUU' Vanhorne. 
 Henrv Woods. 
 
 Ily 
 
 ■ I; t>>>>l( lii^soiit I'iti'IiiIhtIi. Ixrj, 
 
 . ri'siKMiil in INil; iimli lii.tseiit PwcmlHT 7. l.siil. 
 iriuii: [•Kil; liisMiU litit'inlHr (!. !.>«■.'. 
 i..«.|.l4 I'l. r>.. r.MkMuil; n>ol; lii> M'lii liiMcnitKT f.. iNrj. 
 iiiliii Ariii>tnin).', n'^i»:iii>l; lo'l; Iiismhi K>l>oiiiry -':!. M*ri. 
 iiil liinimrv 17. IHU; hi'liiivink' iiiicpU''! iiml ixcnisiil llio oHipi- of nmjorof inilltin. iiiKloriintliiir 
 
 I 1 
 J I 
 
 >l.il>^, H llhin tlie TiTfllory of Oiliimliiu. 
 
 • Rt.-bl(illi.'U lU IfjOl. 
 
 ■I'-Ul. (tt'i'»'ilj*i'«i: tiMtli lii>i wal IHm'i'IuImt 7. IHiKi. 
 ntxTK. n-liriUHl : leok lii« ■•I'at [if^'eniluT 7. IsOl. 
 
SEVENTH CONGRESS. 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 41 
 
 Christopher Ellery." 
 Theodore Foster. 
 
 .inseph Staiitiui, jr. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRBSEXT,\TIVE8. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 Ray Greene. 
 
 Thomas Tilliiiijhast. 
 
 John Ewing Calhonn. 
 Charles Pincknev. '' 
 
 WiUiam Butler. 
 Benjamin Huger. 
 Thomas Lowndes. 
 
 SEN.\'roRS. 
 
 REPRESENT.\TI\'ES. 
 
 Thomas Moore. 
 John Rutledge. 
 Thomas Sumter. 
 
 Thomas Snniter. 
 
 Richard Wvim.<' 
 
 Joseph Anderson. 
 
 Stephen R. Bradley.* 
 
 Lewis K. Morris 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 SEN'.\TORS. 
 REPRESEXT.\TIVE. 
 
 William Dic-kson. 
 \'ERiIONT. 
 
 .SEN.\TORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 VIKdLXIA. 
 
 William Cocke. 
 
 Nathaniel Chi]inian. 
 Israel Smith. 
 
 Stevens Thomson Mason. 
 
 Richard Brent. 
 Samuel J. Cabell. 
 Thomas Claiborne. 
 Matthew Clay. 
 John Clopton. 
 John Dawson./ 
 William B. Ciiles. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Edwin Oray. 
 David Holmes. 
 George Jackson. 
 Anthony New. 
 Thomas Newton, jr. 
 John Randolph, jr. 
 John Smith. 
 
 Wilson Carv Nicholas. 
 
 John Stratton. 
 John Taliaferro, jr. 
 Philip R. Thom])son. 
 Abram Trigg. 
 John Trigg. 
 
 Narsworthv Hunter.!/ 
 
 MISSISSIPPI TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEG.\TES. 
 
 NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 
 
 Thomas M. (ireeiie.''' 
 
 DELEfiATE. 
 
 Paul Fearing. 
 
 aElecteil ill pliiee of Eav Greene, resigned; took his sent December 7, 1801. 
 (•Resisiu'd ill ISOl. 
 
 (• Klecifd Suiirttor in place of Charles Pincknev. resigned; took his seal December 19, ISOl. 
 ti K!ecte<l in place of Thomas SunUer. elected Senator; took his seat January 24. 1S03. 
 
 I' Elected in place of Elijah Paine, resigned in 1801; took his seat December 7,1801; elected I'resident pro tempore 
 December 14. lf<U2. Februarv ifi. 1803, anil March 'J, 1S03. 
 /Took his seat Januarj' 11, 1802. 
 BDied March 11, 1S02. 
 '' Took his scat December 0, 1800, to till vacanc.v cansetl t)y death of Narsworthy Hunter. 
 
EIGHTH C0XGRE8S. 
 
 FirgI iiessio)i,/ri)iii Octnher 17, 1S03, to Marcli ;??, IS04. S'.c-,i,i/ yr.'<si<„i. fruu) Xi>i;„il'fr .'>, ISO4, tu March 
 
 S, ISO.-). 
 
 Vice-President. — Aahox Buru, of New Ymk. I'midentx of the fienale pro tempnri'. — .Tnnx Brows, 
 of Keiitiu-ky. elected October 17, 1803, jtml ajraiii elected .Tiinuiiry 23, 1804; Jf-sse Fkaxklix, (if North 
 Carolina, elected March HI, 1S04; JosKi'ii Andkhsox, of Tennessee, elected January 15, ISDo, and apiin 
 elected Fehruarv 28, 1805, and again elected March 2, 1805. .Sardan/ 1// Die >Sii<ile. — Samikl Allynb 
 Otis, of Mas.«aeliUf<ett,s. 
 
 Speidtr iif the llitiixi. — N'atiiaxiei, M.\eox, of Xorth Carolina. Clerl- of the Iluimi. — .loiix Becklkv, 
 of Virginia. 
 
 James HillliouBe. 
 
 Simeon Baldwin. 
 Samuel \V. Dana. 
 John Davenport. 
 
 Jame.-* A. Bavard." 
 William Hill" Well-. '■ 
 
 CONXECTICUT. 
 
 SEXATOKS. 
 REI'RESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Calvin (ioddanl. 
 lioger (iriswold. 
 John C. Smith. 
 
 DKl.AWAKK. 
 
 SEXATOKS. 
 1(EI'KE.SKXT.\TI V E. 
 
 Ca'sar A. Kodnev. 
 
 Uriah Tracv. 
 
 Benjamin Tallmadge. 
 
 Sanniel White. 
 
 .Vhraham Baldwin. 
 
 Jauefili Bryan. 
 
 I'eter Earlv. 
 
 GEOKtJIA. 
 
 SEXATOKS. 
 HEPKEsKXTATIVtX. 
 
 Samuel Hammond. "" 
 
 James Jackson. 
 
 David Meriwether. 
 
 Ki:N'n (KY. 
 
 John Breckenridge. 
 
 SKXAToIts. 
 
 REI"KESEXT.\TIVE». 
 
 George ^lichael liedinger. 
 John Bovle. 
 
 John Fowler. 
 Matthew Lvon. 
 
 John Brown.'' 
 
 Thomac Sandfurd. 
 -Matthew Walton. 
 
 aElcotcd In plnrc o( Willlnm Hill Wells, rpsl^eil: tiiok his seal jHiuinr?- IS, IMA. 
 
 * Rcxlirnrtl In 1.><(M. 
 
 '•Snil ilfcltrt-o't vnciint Felininr.v 2. Isti.'i. 
 
 •'KIcctiil |iri'si(liut pru tcuiiKirc HctobiT 17. ls«l. nnil JiiDiiury a. ItWI. 
 
 42 
 
EIGHTH CONGRESS. 
 
 43 
 
 Samuel Smith. 
 
 John Archer. 
 Walter Bowie. 
 John Camjibell. 
 John Dennis. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESEXT.-VTIVES. 
 
 Daniel Heister." 
 William McCreery. 
 Nicholas R. Moore. 
 Roger Nelson. '' 
 
 Robert Wright. 
 
 Joseph H. Nicholson. 
 Thomas Plater. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 John Quincy Adams. 
 
 Phanuel Bishop. 
 Phineas Bruce.'' 
 Jacob Crowninshield. 
 Manasseh Cutler. 
 Richard Cutts. 
 Thomas Dwisht. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William Eustis. 
 Seth Hastings. 
 Simon I>arned. " 
 Nahum ilitchell. 
 Eijenezer Seaver. 
 Tompson J. Skinner. .'" 
 
 Timothy Picliering. " 
 
 William Stcdman. 
 Samuel Taggart. 
 Samuel Thacher. 
 Josepli P.. Varnum. 
 Pegleg Wadsworth. 
 Lemuel Williams. 
 
 Simeon Olcott. 
 
 Silas Betton. 
 Clifton Clagett. 
 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 SENATOR.S. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 David Hough. 
 Samuel Hunt. 
 
 William Plumer. 
 
 Samuel Tennev. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 John Condit. 
 
 Adam Boyd. 
 Ebenezer Elmer. 
 
 SEX.VTORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Jonathan Davton. 
 
 William Helms. 
 James Mott. 
 
 James Sloan. 
 Henrv Southard. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 John Armstrong. 'J 
 Theodorus Bailev.'' 
 De Witt Clinton." ' 
 
 George Clinton, j i-. ' 
 (Tayhird Griswold. 
 Josiah Hasbrouck. 
 Henry W. Livingston. 
 Andrew ^IcCord. 
 Samuel L. Mitchell. J 
 Beriah Palmer. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Samuel L. Mitchell..' 
 John Smith. ^' 
 
 John Patterson. 
 Olivei' Phelps. 
 Sanniel Iliker.'" 
 Erastus Root. 
 Joshua Sands. 
 Thomas Sammons. 
 John Smith.* 
 
 David Thomas. 
 George TiVjbitts. 
 Philip Van Cortlandt. 
 Killian K. A'an Rensselaer. 
 Daniel C. Verplanck. 
 
 ■ ' iJk-rl in 1804. 
 
 '' F,l<'''ti.Ml in place of Daniel Heister, deceased: took his seat November 6, 1804. 
 '■ I'^lccted in place of Dwight Foster, resigned in 1803; took his seat October IT. 1S03. 
 '' F.l..(tcd. hut never took liis seat. 
 
 ' IClictc'l in place of Tompson J. Skinner, resigned: took his seat November b, 1S04. 
 .( RcHgiird in 1804. 
 
 f/ .\l.]'(iiiitf(Un place of De Witt Clinton, resigned: look his seat December 7, 1.S03: elected in place of Theodorus Bailey, 
 ■simtr.I; lonk his scat February 25, 1804: resigned in 1804, having been appointed minister to France. 
 
 d .Iinuiarv In, is04, " 
 
 1 in 18U3. 
 
 Siiiator in place of John Armstrong, resigned; took his seat November 23, 1.S04. 
 
 Senator in place of De Witt Clinton, resigned: took his seat February 23, 1804. 
 
 in place of Samuel L. Mitchell, elected Senator; took his seat February 14, 180-^. 
 
 in place of John Smith, elected Senator; took his seat November 5, 1804, 
 
 ■sii:n< 
 
 .fKlcctcd 
 '.■ Klcc-tc.l 
 ' Elected 
 '" Elected 
 
44 
 
 CONOKKSSIONAl. I>1UK( TOKY. 
 NOUTIl CVIidLlNA. 
 
 SKSATllHS. 
 
 .le.-se Kniiiklin." 
 
 Nathaniel AlfxuinU'r. 
 Willis Alsloii, jr. 
 
 wiiiiiiiii r.iiiiUiujtc. 
 
 .Iiuin'S liiUespie. * 
 
 hi:i'Hksi;nt.vtivks, 
 
 Jhiiii's I lollaml. 
 William Ki'iinedy. 
 Nalliaiiicl Macon.'' 
 Saninel 1). I'urviance. 
 
 Uaviil Stone. 
 
 Kii'haril Stanlonl. 
 .Mannailukc Williainii. 
 Jiist'|ili Wiiistciii. 
 Tliunia.-' Wvims. 
 
 .lull 
 
 iih.'' 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 SE.SATKUS. 
 
 KEl'HKKEXT.ATIVE. 
 
 .Icii'iiiiali Miirrow." 
 
 Tliiiiiia." WiirlliinntDn. ■ 
 
 (ii'oriit' I.<ijran. 
 
 Isaac .Vndi'rsnii. 
 Ihiviii Uaril. 
 Kolicrt liidwn. 
 J(i.-.ci)h Clay. 
 Kic>lcrick ('i)nia(l. 
 William Fimllcy. 
 Andrew Urot-'n- 
 
 PKXNSVI.VANIA. 
 
 SEX.XTOHS. 
 UKI'RKSKXTATIVES. 
 
 John .\. llniina. 
 Jiiscph 1 leister. 
 WiHiam llosje..'' 
 John lIoi;e.7 
 Michael Leil). 
 John li. (.'. Lucas. 
 .Inlin Kea. 
 
 Samiiel Mai-lav. 
 
 .lacol) Kichards. 
 .Tolin Smilie. 
 John Sli'wart. 
 Ifiaae Van Ilurne. 
 John Whitehill. 
 
 Christopher Kllery. 
 Henjaniiii I lowland.'' 
 
 Neheniia)) Kni^lil. 
 
 I'ierce liutler. J 
 John (iaillaril.*' 
 
 William Hntler. 
 Levi C'at-ev. 
 John I!. Karle. 
 
 KIlDPK l.<I..\Nn. 
 
 SKXATOH.s. 
 HKI'llKSK.STATtVES. 
 
 SOUTH i;aK()LLNa. 
 
 SKV V nil.'s 
 HKl'Ufc-iE.\TATIVK.s. 
 
 Wade Hampton. 
 Benjamin lluirer. 
 Thomas Lnwnde!'. 
 
 Samuel .1. I'litler. 
 
 Joseph Stanton. 
 
 Thonia." Sumter. ' 
 
 Thomas .Moore. 
 Hichant Wvnn. 
 
 .Joseph .Viideivon.'" 
 
 Georife Wnsiunnton l'atn|ilKdl. 
 
 TKXNKSSKK. 
 
 SKXATOKS. 
 KKPRESENTATI V EX. 
 
 William Oickson. 
 
 William Cocke. 
 
 John Khea. 
 
 "Ekitfil I're.siilent pro ti'iniKiri' Miin'lilO, IMM. 
 
 t'\tW'\ Jiiimnrv. !,«»». 
 
 <• Kliiliil .<|..iik.T OdolKT 17. 1803. 
 
 ,1 II 1 . .,,11 lli-lcilnTii, IKB. 
 
 nl iIiImIhtIV. IHW. 
 
 <\ l.»ol. 
 ■t pliu'c nf WiUiiim lltiKt'. reslKiitMi; t<Mik hU sent Xovenil»iT ^T. IvM; olwlltm imwiuvt's'ifnlh 
 
 * Ki.iiiil ill phu'i-ef Siiiiiiii'lJ. I'otlor, <lwwi»i'<l', liHik hls.-ciil Deci'iiitn'r H, IHiM. 
 
 < Pirll III I.SM. 
 
 J El. .t.Hl In pliiiv ef Jiiliii E. Cnllumn. ili>i'cii8o<l in isoi; i<Kik Ills msil October Is, |j»i3: r»-«lKii<-<l I" I'x'l 
 
 * Eh-ctctl 111 pJHcc of I'lcrcc Hmicr, ri'SJKiieil; took \\\n wnt .liinuiiry 31, IHO.^. 
 1 T.«ik III- M'lit Ki-t>riiiir.v ti. ISH. 
 
 •" EliTii'd rri'.slclt'iit pro ti'iiiiMiro Jiiiiuiir)' !•'>, l.XW. K»'l«niar>- >. IKitt. niid Miin-h i, IxVi. 
 
KKJHTH CONCiKESS. 
 
 45 
 
 VKKMONT. 
 
 ,sic|ilicii l;. r.railk'V. 
 
 William ('liaiiilic-i-lain 
 Martin Chittenden. 
 
 SKNATOHS. 
 UKl'KKSKXTATIVES. 
 
 JanieH Klliot. 
 
 VIK<;IXIA. 
 
 It^rael .Smith. 
 
 Gidcdii Olin. 
 
 William 15. Giles." 
 Andrew Moore.'' 
 Wilson Carv Nicholas. <■ 
 
 Thomas Clailinrne. 
 ('liristn|iher (;lark.v 
 Matthew ('lav. 
 John Cloptoh. 
 .lohn Daw.^on. 
 •Tohn W. Etipes. 
 Peterson Goodwyn. 
 Ivlwin Gray. 
 Thomas Griffin. 
 
 M';.s.\Ton.s. 
 
 UKI'IiKSKNTATIVKS. 
 
 David Holmes. 
 John (i. Jackson. 
 Walter Jones, 
 .(oseiili Lewis, jr. 
 Thomas Lewis.'' 
 AiK.h'ew Moore.'' 
 Anthony New. 
 Thomas Newton, jr. 
 John Randolph, jr. 
 
 John Taylor.'' 
 Ahrahani B. Venahle. 
 Stevens T. Mason..' 
 
 Thomas M. Randolph. 
 John Sniith. 
 James Stejihenson. 
 rhili|i K. Thomjison. 
 Ahram Trifrg. 
 John Tritrfr. ' 
 Alexander Wilson../ 
 
 MISSISSIPPI TERRITORY. 
 
 fJKl.KliATK. 
 
 William Lattimore.* 
 
 1 ElPotiTl in pliice of Wilson Cary Nicholas, resigut'rt; tool; liis sent December 17, 1804; npiioiiiterl In jilnoe of Abmham B. 
 \'eii!itil«/, r("-ii,'iK-cI: took Ills sent November.'), 1H04. 
 
 '' Siiccf'>inlly ecjiuested Ihe election of Tliomas Ijcwis; look his seat March .% 1804; appoinleil Senator in place of Wlison 
 (^ary Niclmlas. resiKnol; took his seat November (i. 1S04; elected Henator in place of .\brahani H. \'enable, resigned; took 
 his seat December 17, 1H04. 
 
 I- Resigned in isot. 
 
 ''Appointed in jilaci- of ,Stevens T. Mason, deceased in 1803: took his seat October 17, IHOa. 
 
 ' I'.lnt.-d in place of .Stevens T. Mason, deceased in 1H03, ,Tohn Taylor having been appoinli-d iiro leni., took his seat 
 licciiiihrr l;j. IMiH; resigned in 1804. 
 
 / llii-d May 10. l.suii. 
 
 (/ Elected in place of ,Tohn Trigg, deceased; took his si-at November !>, 1M04, 
 
 /' Klcction succe"sfiilly contested bv Andrew Moore. 
 
 i Died in 1804. 
 
 ./Elected in place of Andrew Mrxirc. appointed .'Senator; took his scat iH-ceniher 4, 1h()4. 
 
 ic Took his seat October 17, 1803. 
 
XINTH COXGHESS. 
 
 Fiml sexsloii, from December ^, ISOii, to April Jl, ISO'S. Seamd nension, from December 1, J.SO'I, to March S, 
 
 1S07. 
 
 Vice-President. — (tEorck Clinton, nf Xew York. I'reKiilnit of the Senate pro leiitpore. — .Sasii"EL 
 Smith, of Alarylaml, elected Dec'eiiil>er 2, 180'): ami ajsiin elected March 18, 1806; and again elected 
 March 2, 1807. Serretarii of the Senate. — Samuel Allyxe Otis, of Ma.-.sachus-ett.". 
 
 Sjieiihiriif the //o».sr. — Nathaniel Macon, of North Carolina. Cleric oj'llie lloune. — John Beckley, 
 of Vip'inia. 
 
 James Hillhoupe. 
 
 Pannul W. Dana. 
 John Uaveiipcirt, jr. 
 Theodore Dwight. « 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 Jonathan ( I. JIosclcv. 
 Tinidthy I'itkin. jr. " 
 John Cottiin Smith. '' 
 
 Uriah Tracv. 
 
 Lewis B. Slnrgis. 
 Benjamin Tallmadge. 
 
 Jame.s A. Bavard. 
 
 DELAWAKK. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 James M. Broom. 
 (iKOKCilA. 
 
 Samuel White. 
 
 .\hraliam Baldwin. 
 James Jackson. '' 
 
 William W. Bibb. ' 
 Joseph Bryan. '' 
 Peter Early. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REI'RESENTATIVE.S. 
 
 .Tohn Milletlgt>. '' 
 
 Cowles Mead..'' 
 David Meriwether. 
 Dennis Suielt. 'J 
 
 Thniiias ,'^|ialdinir. '^ 
 
 John .\ilair. • 
 Hem V ('lav. ./ 
 
 George Michael Be<linger. 
 John Biivle. 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 R E PR ES BNTATI V ES. 
 
 Bnckner Tlnuslc 
 
 John Fowler. 
 Matthew Lvon. 
 
 Thom;v .Sinfonl. 
 Matthew Wiiltiin. 
 
 a Elc('t<-<1 in pince of John Cotton Bmllli, resigned; took hia sent Deccmlicrl, 1806. 
 ftReslKneil in 1S06. 
 •■Iiliil Miirrli IS. ISOfi. 
 
 ''Elcclifl in pimc of jHinv!) Jackson, (IcccnMil: took his sent Dofomber 11, Lsoel. 
 «■ Elei*tf«l in placr of Tiionins ."^pftMine, resi^iuMl: took his M-rtt Jiinunry ;.*«>, ISO". 
 I't's-ifnllv foiitostf'l hy TnoimiM S[>iit(lin 
 
 niK. 
 
 /EIe<*tion sin . __ 
 
 (lEIi'cicel in pliirftif ."invcpli Hrvtui". rrsiKiU'd: look ills sftit Det'onihor "jr,. l(M)»t. 
 *!»ncrf-*fiillv i'<ini<'s||.il ihceliJtiiin of ('owles Mi'iiil; t<«>k his st'iit Heeetnliefi'). lSO.i; ri'.«iKni-<l in isoc.. 
 lEIiitiil in pinceof John Hnikcnriilxe. risiirnicl in Iso.i; i.K.k his .sent De<-<>nilKT «J, isa'i: ri-si|tne<l in Isoii. 
 JElecti**i in plai'i' of JoIhi .\(luir, rc.sijrniMl; took liis sfiii hecfinlMT "jy, 1S4K). 
 
 It! 
 
NINTH CONGKESS. 
 
 47 
 
 .MARYLAND. 
 
 Philip Reed. « 
 Samuel Smith. <> 
 
 John Archer. 
 John Campbell. 
 Leonard Covington. 
 Charles Goldsborough. 
 
 John Quinoy Adams. 
 
 Joseph Barker. 
 Barnabas Bidwell. 
 Phanuel Bishop. 
 John Chandler. 
 Orchard Cook. 
 Jacotj Crowninshielil 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Edward Lloyd.-' 
 Patrick Matrrndcr. 
 William ^IcCrcery. 
 Nicholas R. Moore. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRKSENTATIVES. 
 
 Richard Cutts. 
 AVilliam Ely. 
 Isaiah L. Green. 
 Seth Hastings. 
 Jeremiah Nelson. 
 Josiali Quincy. 
 
 Robert Wright. 
 
 Roger Nelson. 
 Joseph H. Nicholson. 
 
 Timoth}' Pickering. 
 
 Ebenezer Seaver. 
 William Stedman. 
 Samuel Taggart. 
 Joseph B. \'arnum. 
 Peleg Wadsworth. 
 
 Nicholas Oilman. 
 
 Silas Betton. 
 Caleb Ellis. 
 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENT.iTIVES. 
 
 David Hough. 
 Samuel Tennev. 
 
 William Plumer. 
 
 Thomas W. Thompson. 
 
 John Condit. 
 
 Ezra Darby. 
 Ebenezer Elmer. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 .SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William Helni.s. 
 John Lambert. 
 
 Aaron Kitchell. 
 
 James Sloan. 
 Henrv Southard. 
 
 Samuel L. Mitchell. 
 
 John Blake, jr. 
 George. Clinton, jr. 
 Silas Hasley. 
 Henry W. Livingston. 
 Josiah blasters. 
 Gurdon S. ilumford. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John Rn.ssell. 
 Peter Sailly. 
 Thomas Sammons. 
 Martin G. Schuneman. 
 David Thomas. 
 Uri Tracv. 
 
 John Smith 
 
 Philip Van Cortlandt. 
 Killian K. Van Rensselaer. 
 Daniel C. Verplanck. 
 Eliphalet Wickes. 
 Nathan AVilliams. 
 
 Daviil Stone. « 
 
 Evan Alexander./ 
 Willis Alston, jr. 
 William Blacklege. 
 Thomas Blount. 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 James Holland. 
 Thomas Kenan. 
 Nathaniel ilacon.!' 
 Duncan McFarlan. 
 
 James Turner. 
 
 Richard Stanford. 
 jMannaduke Williams 
 Joseph Win.ston. 
 Thomas AVvnns 
 
 John Smith. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Jeremiah Morrow. 
 
 Thomas Worthington. 
 
 « Elected in place of Robert Wright, re-signed; took liis seat December 29, ISOtJ. 
 
 l< Elected President pro tempore December 2, 180.5, March 18, 1806, and March 2, 1807. 
 
 (■Resigned in 1806. 
 
 '' Elected in place of Joseph H. Nicholson, resigned; took his seat December 3, 1806. 
 
 *• Resigned in 1807. 
 
 /Elected in place of Nathaniel .\lexander, elected governor by the legislature in 180,t 
 
 u Elected Speaker December 2, ISO.-). 
 
 took hi>i seat February 24. l.SOt!. 
 
4S 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL IMKKC-TOUY. 
 
 (ieontc ■Liisliiii- 
 
 Isuiii- AiicU'iviiii. 
 \h\\u\ r.anl. 
 
 .losi'i.li (.'lay- 
 |-r,.(\.-ritk (.'uiiruil. 
 Williani riiulk-y. 
 
 Jaiiies FcniuT. 
 N,.lu-niuiU Kni'-'lit. 
 
 .luhii Urtillaid. 
 
 William ButU'V. 
 Levi Casey.' 
 K.lius Karle. 
 
 .],,sci>li .XiicUtfoii. 
 Huorge W. Can.pt"^"' 
 
 tit.'i.lu'ii K. r.ni'Ui-y 
 Mill-tin ChiHi-ii.li'n. 
 
 Wiiruiii. B. (iiles. 
 
 I'.urweU lV.^s^^■U. 
 WiUiiun A. KvirwcU." 
 .I,,hn t'lailioi-ne. 
 Chnstoi.lur Clark.' 
 
 Mattlu'W Clay. 
 .Inhii Cl.>l>ton. 
 .lolm l>a\v»m. 
 .Inlm W. Kpi*.'!- 
 
 PliNNSYl-VANlA. 
 
 SENAI'OIIS. 
 KEI-KESENTATIVES. 
 
 Andrew (irejrsr. 
 John llaniilti'ii. 
 Jainis Ki'Uv. 
 Miehael l.eiU." 
 Jolin l'..rter.'' 
 Jolin I'uv'li. 
 
 KlloDK ISLAND. 
 
 SKN.VroHS. 
 l:KPKf>ESTATIVEH. 
 
 S-iOCTll CAKOl.lNA. 
 
 SKNATOK.'i. 
 KEI-RESKNTATIVES. 
 
 Robert Marion. 
 Tlionia;' Moore. 
 O'Brien Smith. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 SES.VTOHS. 
 BEPRE.HENT.VnVE.s. 
 
 William l)i(ks=im. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 SENATOK.<. 
 KEHKESENT-^''^'''-'*- 
 
 James EUii^t. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 •iEN.XTliU.--. 
 
 Samuel Mailay. 
 
 John Hhea. 
 Jaeoti Kichanlg. 
 John Smilie. 
 Samuel Smith. 
 John Whitehill. 
 Robert Whitehill. 
 
 Benjamin Howlaiid. 
 
 Jo?el>li Stanton. 
 
 Thomas Sumter. 
 
 liavi.l K. Williams. 
 Richard Wynn. 
 
 Daniel Smith. 
 
 John Uhea. 
 
 Itirael Smitli. 
 James Eisk. 
 
 Andrew Moore. 
 
 (iid.oii olin. 
 
 11EPHE.-4ENT.\T1VE!>. 
 
 James M. (iarnett. 
 IVterson (loodwin. 
 Edwin dray. 
 Iiavid Holmes. 
 John ti. Jackson. 
 Walter Jone.«. 
 Josel'li lA'wis. jr. 
 John Morrow. 
 
 INDIANA TEKKITOKY. 
 
 liEl.I-XlATE. 
 
 Benjamin Parke..' 
 MISSISSIPPI TEURITOUY. 
 
 DEI.KCiATE. 
 
 William Uittiinore. 
 ORLEANS TERRITORY. 
 
 DEl.EIHTE. 
 
 Daniel Clark.!/ 
 
 Thomas Newton, jr. 
 J(,hn Randolph. 
 Thomas M. Ramtolph. 
 John Smith. 
 
 Philip R. Thompson. 
 
 Ahram Tris-'j;. 
 
 Alexander Wilson. 
 
 ,1 Elcucl 111 l'l«j; «' ^""""'fTook lil» soMi Ti.-<eii>lHr 12. IW.. 
 
 sent IiwemlKT 1. IWi. 
 
 , K('!.lKii<^'l '" '**"■ 
 
TENTH CONGRESS. 
 
 Firnl ,i<'ss/<j)i, /)■()/;( October 26, WOT , In Ajtr'il 2n, ISUS. Second session, from Xoveml/er 7, ISVS, to Morrli 3, 
 
 1S09. 
 
 Mce-I'resideiit. — George Clixtox, of Xew York. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. — Samuel Smith, 
 nf ]\Iaryland, elected April IS, 1808; Stephen R. Bradley, of Vermont, elected December 28, 1808; 
 .loHX MiLLEDi.iE, of Georgia, elected January 30, 1S09. Secretary of the Senate. — Sami'el Allyne Otis, 
 of jNIa.-sachusetts. 
 
 Speakrr of the House. — Joseph B. Varxi'm. of I\raspachusetts. Clerl; of the Ht}use. — Patrick 
 Magri'der, of JIaryland. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 SEX.WOHS. 
 
 Chauncev Goodrich." 
 
 Kpaphroditns- Champion. 
 Samuel W. Dana. 
 John Davenport, jr. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Jonatlian O. IMoselev. 
 Timothy Pitkin, jr. ' 
 Lewis B. Sturjiis. 
 
 Jauies Hillhouse. 
 
 Benjamin Tallmadae. 
 
 James A. Bavard. 
 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Nicholas Van Dyke. 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 Samuel White. 
 
 William H. Crawford'' 
 Georse Jones. '' 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John Milledge.'' 
 
 William W. Bil.b, 
 
 REPRESENT .\TIVES. 
 
 Howell Cobb. Dennis Smelt. Georgp 51. Troup. 
 
 KENTITKY. 
 
 John Pii])e. 
 
 John Boyle, f 
 Joseph Desha. 
 
 represext.vtives. 
 
 Benjamin Howard. 
 Richard M. Johnson. 
 
 Buckner Tlirusfn 
 
 JIatthew Lynn. 
 John Riiwan. ,' 
 
 n Elcctfil in place of Uriah Tracy, deceased in 1S07; took liis scat November 27. 1807. 
 
 '■Klcitud in place of Abraham Baldwin, deceased in 1807, George Jones having been appointed prn tempore- took bis 
 M'al lii-crniber 9. 1807. ' r , k . 
 
 ''.\p|>cMnted in place of .A.braham Baldwin, deceased in 1S(17: took bis seat Ociotwrafl. 1M)7 
 ''Klei-ted President pro tempore Januarv 30. 1809. 
 cTonk bis seat November 21. 180S. 
 /Took bis seat Jannary 9. 1S09. 
 
 H. Doc. iSS i 
 
 49 
 
50 
 
 John Chiiii>'h'11- . , 
 
 I'liili]! IV Kry." 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DlKK.rTORY. 
 ■MAKYI.AM'. 
 
 John IJuincy Ailams.'' 
 Jiuuex LloyJ, jr." 
 
 SKNAT<)K«. 
 KEI'RKSENTATIVES. 
 
 Kilwaril Lloyd. 
 William MrCreory.'- 
 Jolm M.mtgomery. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 SKNATOnS. 
 KKI'BESKNTATIVES. 
 
 Samuel Smith." 
 
 Nicholas K. Moore. 
 Roper Nelson. 
 Archiljald Van Horn. 
 
 Timothy Pickerinc. 
 
 Kzekiel Ba<on. 
 Josi'i'li Harki'v. 
 John lliancllor. 
 Orihard Cook. 
 Jacoh Crowninshielil..' 
 Rii-hard Cutts. 
 
 Nicholas (rilman. 
 
 Peter Carlton. 
 Daniel M. IJurell. 
 
 John Condict. 
 
 Josiah Dean. 
 
 William Kly. 
 
 Isaiah !>■ Oreen. 
 
 Dani.'l llsk'V. 
 
 Kdwaid St. \M Livermore. 
 
 Josiah Qiiincy. 
 
 NKW llAMl'SlllHK. 
 
 SEXATOKS. 
 HEPKE.SENTA1 IVES. 
 
 Francis Gardner. 
 Jedediah K. Smith. 
 
 XKW JERSEY. 
 
 SESATOK.S. 
 KEPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Eljenezer Seaver. 
 William Stednian. 
 J<isei)h Story.;/ 
 Saninel Taw'""*- 
 Jahez I'lihani. 
 Joseph B. Varnum.'' 
 
 Ailani Boyd. ' 
 l"./.ra Darhv.J 
 William Helms. 
 
 Samuel L. Mitchell. 
 
 John Blake, jr. 
 (ieorge Clinton, ]r. 
 Barent Gardenier. 
 J.,lin Harris. 
 Heul'on Humiihrev. 
 William Kirki-atnek. 
 
 Jf.-^se I'lanklin. 
 
 Evan Alexander. 
 Willis .Mston, jr. 
 William Blacklege. 
 Thomas Blount. 
 
 John Laniliert. 
 Thomas N.-wholil. 
 James Sloan. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 SEXATOKS. 
 REl'KESESTATIVKS. 
 
 Josiah Mivsters. 
 Gurdon S. Mamtor.1. 
 Sanmel Kiker. 
 John KnssoU. 
 Peter Swart. 
 Davi«l Thoma.s.'' 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 KKrKI-SEST.\TIVE». 
 
 John Cnl|>eiier.' 
 Meshack I'rankhn. 
 James Holland. 
 Thomas Kenan. 
 
 Nahuiii Parker. 
 
 Clement Storcr. 
 
 Aaron Kitchell. 
 
 Henry Southard. 
 
 John Smith. 
 
 John Thompson. 
 James Q. Van .Mien. 
 Philil> Van Cortlandt. 
 Killian K.Van Rensselaer. 
 Daniel C. V.riilanek. 
 Nathan Wilson.* 
 
 Jamea Turner. 
 
 Nathaniel Macon. 
 Lemuel Sawyer. 
 Kit-hard Stanlord. 
 Marmaduke \\"illiains. 
 
 „k hl» soiit SovemlKT 7. ISW. 
 
 ..Elcctwl PTCslclent pro tempore Aprin6,180». 
 
 Jill, ,1 I m.wrv ■J", l|>i;s, 
 
 I. ] 
 
 »■:'■ 
 
 
TENTH CONGRESS. 
 OHIO. 
 
 Eeturn Jonathan Meigs." 
 John Smitli. '' 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPKESEXTATIVE. 
 
 Jeremiah ^Morrow. 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 51 
 
 Edward Tiffin. 
 
 Andrew Gregg. 
 Michael Leib. '' 
 
 David Bard. 
 Robert Brown. 
 Joseph Clay.'' 
 William Findley. 
 Jolm lieister. 
 William Hoge. 
 Robert Jenkins. 
 
 •SENATORS. 
 
 KEl'KESENTATIVES 
 
 James Kelly. 
 William Milnor. 
 Daniel Montgomery, jr. 
 .John I'orter. 
 John Pugh. 
 John Rea. 
 Jacob Richards. 
 
 Samuel Maclay.'' 
 
 Matthias Richards 
 Benjamin Say. ' 
 John Smilie. 
 Samuel Sndtli. 
 Robert Whitehill. 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 Benjamin Howland. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Richard Jackson.:/ Nehemiah Knight.'' 
 
 Elisha Mathewson. .'" 
 
 Isaac Wilbour. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 John Gaillard. 
 
 Lemuel J. Alston, jr. 
 William Butler. 
 Josejih Calhoun. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Robert Marion. 
 Thomas Moore. 
 John Taylor. 
 
 Thomas Sumter. 
 
 David R. Williams 
 Richard Wynn. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Joseph Anderson. Daniel Smith. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 George W. Caiupbell. John Rhea. Jesse Wharton. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 Stephen R. Bradley. ■ 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REl'UESENTATIVES. 
 
 Martin Chittemlcn. 
 James Elliott. 
 
 .Tames Fisk. 
 Samuel Shaw.''' 
 
 Jonathan Robinson../ 
 
 James Withcrell.' 
 
 ■I Elected in place of John Smitli, resigned; took hi.s .seat January fi, ISO',1. 
 
 ''Tried hy Senate lor complicity with Aaron Burr: but resonlntion of expulsion negatived April 9, 1808; he re-signed his 
 sent .\pril 'lb, ISOS, in a letter to the governor. 
 ■Klri'ted in place of Samuel JIaclay, resigned: tonk his seal January 19, 1S09. 
 ■'Kisigued in 180s. 
 
 '■ l':lei-ted in place of Joseph Clay, resigned: took his seat Xovenilier Hi, 1S08. 
 / Kleried in place of James Tenner, elei-ied K'lvertior in 1S07: tonk his scat November 20, 1807. 
 t/ Klri'ted in place of Nehemiah Knight, ileceaswl; took his seat NovcniluT 11, 1808. 
 '1 Hied in l.sos. 
 
 ' Kleetcd President pro tempore December 'iS, 180K, 
 
 J Elected in plaee ot Israel Smith, resigned in 1807; took Ids scat October 'jr.. l.sO". 
 A: Elected in plaee of James Witherell, resigned: took liis seat November s, ISos. 
 
52 
 
 CONOKESSIONAI, niKKCToKV. 
 
 Witliaiii H. (Jil.-P. 
 
 ltiir\v<'ll Bassett. 
 Williiuii A. liurwoll. 
 John ("lail)(>riie." 
 Matlluw Clay. 
 John (_'lo|>ton. 
 John Dawson. 
 Jolin W. K|)|>e.-i. 
 James M. (Jarnett. 
 
 VI1;<.1NI.\. 
 
 SHX ATI Ills. 
 HKPKE.SENTATIVES. 
 
 Thomas tiliolson, jr.'' 
 IVti'rson (ioodwin. 
 Kilwin (iray. 
 Kavid Hohnt's. 
 John G. Jai'kson. 
 Walter Jones. 
 Joseph Lewis, jr. 
 John Love. 
 
 Andrew Mof)re. 
 
 John Morrow. 
 Thoina.s Newton, jr. 
 Wil.-'on Carev NiclioUis. 
 John I^ii(lol]>h. 
 John Sinitli. 
 A I tram Trijrc. 
 .Mexander Wilson. 
 
 I>enjamiii Park. ' 
 
 INIUANA TKHKITOKY. 
 
 lim.KfiATKs. 
 
 MI.'^SISSllMM TKKWITDKY 
 
 IIKI.KC.ATK. 
 
 ( ieorsjc I'liindexter. ' 
 
 oKi.KAX.s ti;kuit( iky. 
 
 Je.<we IV Thomas.'' 
 
 1 1 Ki. 1:0 ATI-;. 
 I'aniel ("lark. 
 
 •I Died in im». 
 
 '»EIoot*?d in plftco of .Toiin riiiiixtriu", MiM-ensi'd: I<M^k liis soat Xtivi'mtier 7. l.vis. 
 
 •■Tonk Ills swit OiMobvr i'<, ISOT: nsiicni-d in l.sos. 
 
 ''KU'oto*! in pliicf i>f Rt'iijainin Park, rt'signt'd; look tiissent DfOfinlKT 1. 180!>. 
 
 •■ Took Lis seal t)flol>or X. l.suT. 
 
ELEVENTH CONGKESH. 
 
 First .if.txiiiii, I'r'iiii Mdij J-J, 1S09, to June 28, 1809. Second session, from Xoremher 27, 1809, In Miiy 1, ISIO. 
 Tlilril session, from December S, 1810, to March 3, 1811. 
 
 Vice-President. — George Clinton, ol' New York. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. — Andrew 
 Gregg, of Pennsylvania, elected June 2ti, 1809; John Gaillard, of South Carolina, elected February 
 28, 1810, and again elected Ajiril 17, 1810; John Pope, of Kentucky, elected February 23, 1811. 
 Secretari/ of the Senate. — Samvei, Ai.i.yne Otis, of ^las.sachus-ett.'?. 
 
 Speaker if the House. — Joseph B. N'ahnum, of Massachusetts. Clerk 'f the House. — Patrick 
 Magrudek, i)f Maryland. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 Samuel W. Dana." 
 Chauncey Goodrich. 
 
 Epaphroditus Champion. 
 Samuel W. Dana." 
 .lohn Davenport. 
 
 senators. 
 
 representatives. 
 
 Ebeiiezer Huntington. 
 Jonathan O. Moseley. 
 Timothy Pitkin, jr. 
 
 James Hillhouse. '' 
 
 Lewis B. Sturgis. 
 Benjamin Tallmadge. 
 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 James A. Bayard. 
 Outerbridge Horsey.'' 
 
 William H. Crawford. 
 John Milledge. / 
 
 William W. Bibb. 
 
 Howell Cobb. 
 
 sk.n'Ators. 
 
 represent.\tive. 
 Nicholas Van Dyke. 
 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 senators. 
 
 representatives. 
 
 Dennis Smelt. 
 
 Samuel White." 
 
 Charles Tait. ff 
 
 George ^F. Trouji. 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 Henry Clay." 
 John Pope. » 
 
 senators. 
 
 William T. Barry. J 
 Henry Crist. 
 Joseph Desha. 
 
 representatives. 
 
 Benjamin Howard.'' 
 Richard .M. Johnson. 
 Matthew Lvon. 
 
 Buckner Thriiston. .'' 
 
 Samuel McKee. 
 
 <i Elupteil Senator in pliifc of James Hillhonse, re.signed; took his seat December 3, 1810. 
 
 ("Resigni'il in 1810. 
 
 <• Elec/tert in place of Samuel W. Dana, elected Senator; took his seat December ;i, 1810. 
 
 tf Elected in place of Sannicl White, deceased; took his seat January 29, 1810. 
 
 eDied in 1S09. 
 
 /Resigned in 1K09. 
 
 (/Elected in place of Johu Millcil^c, resigned; took hi."; scat December 28, 1809. 
 
 Ii Elected in |>lacc of Buckn.r 'rhru-tim. resigned; took his scat Februarv .5, 1810. 
 
 'Elected President p;o tempore Kclinutry 23. 1811. 
 
 jElected in nlacc of Rcuininin Ho\vr,rd', resigned; took hi.s seat DecemberlS, 1810. 
 
 r,:i 
 
54 
 
 riiilip Ki't'il. 
 
 ,Ii)lin Hmwn." 
 ,lolii\ t'aniplH'll. 
 ("Iiiirk's W. (i()l(l!<lKiioufrli. 
 I'liilii) B. Key. 
 
 fONUKKSSION A L I>1 UKCTC >KY. 
 MAHYI.AXU. 
 
 SKXATOBS. 
 
 HEI'l{E.sKNTATlVI>. 
 
 Alexander McKiiii. 
 ,I(ihii M(iiit;r<|iiieiv. 
 Niilmhis 1{. Mdure. 
 Roger Nelson." 
 
 Sjiimu-l Siiiiili. 
 
 Samuel RinEiiolfl.'' 
 .\r(liil(al(l Van Horn. 
 Kuberl Writilit. '' 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 James Lloytl, jr. 
 
 Jo.=epl) Allen.'' 
 Kzekiel Union. 
 William Itaylies. «* 
 .Vliijali Rifjelow. / 
 Drelianl (jiok. 
 Kiehanl ('iitt.«. 
 William Klv. 
 
 SKX.\TOHS. 
 RKI'UESEXT.\TIVK.S. 
 
 (iidcon (lariliier. 
 Harzillai (iannett. 
 K<l\vanl St. L<ie Livermore. 
 Hciijamin Pickniaii. jr. 
 .losiah I2"''>i'.'*- 
 Klienezer Seaver. 
 Williaiii Stedmaii." 
 
 Timotliv ricki-rinsr. 
 
 Samnel Ta^v'art. 
 Cliarle.-^ Turner, jr. 
 .laliez I'l'liani." 
 ,To?ei)li n. Varnuni.'' 
 Lalian Wlieaton. 
 Kzekiel AVhitnian. 
 
 Charles {'ntt.«. ' 
 Xieholas (iilman. 
 
 NKW IIAMPSIIIKK. 
 
 K K1"I{ ESEXT.XTI V ES. 
 
 Naliiim Parker." 
 
 l>aniel Blaisdell. 
 .lulin r. Chamberlain. 
 
 William Hale. 
 Nathaniel .\. Haven. 
 
 .lames Wilson. 
 
 N 1 ;W .1 KRSKY. 
 
 .John ("ondiet. .' 
 
 .\dani Boyd, 
 .laini-.s Cox.' 
 William Helms 
 
 SKNATOHS. 
 
 UKIMIESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Jacob Hufty. 
 Thomas Newbold. 
 John A. Seudder. ' 
 
 .Inllll l.alllln't'I. 
 
 Henrv Southard. 
 
 NKW VOUK. 
 
 Obadiah tierman. 
 
 Jame.s Kmott. 
 
 Jonathan Fisk. 
 
 Barent (iardi-nier. 
 
 Thomas K. tiold. 
 
 1 lernian Kniikerbaeker. 
 
 l{ol)ert 1^ Koy LivinRston. 
 
 HEX.VTORs. 
 HEPKESl:XT.\TIVh-S. 
 
 Vincent Mathews. 
 Samnel I.. Mit.hell."' 
 (inrdnn S. Mumlord. 
 John .Nichnlsiin. 
 Peter R. Porter. 
 Krastiis Hoot. 
 
 John Smith. 
 
 Elienezer Sape. 
 
 Thomas Sainmons. 
 
 John Tliom]>,»on. 
 
 I'ri Tracy. 
 
 Killian K. Van Bens-selaer. 
 
 /i |-li.(f.i1 ill i>lnie of RoKor NcImiii, rp«lpniil: li«>k lli^ «al IIiiimiIht i. ISin. 
 rKirciiKl ill iiliuc (if .Icihii Br..«ii, ro-lKii>'l, i.".k liis s.iil Di'ciiiiliir 3. Islll 
 tIKliiii'il 111 I'liKiMif .IuIkz ri.luiiii. r.sliiiii-.l: i.K.k liis swil liwciiilier 1». I.slO. 
 .I'lrciiMii Biicicssfiiliv loiilest.il liy Cliiiili-Tiinur, jr. , ,, ,„,„ 
 
 I •■ Ifc d ill fli.iv "f ^^■ililaln Si,-.liiiiiii, rosiitn.M; l"ok Ins .sent |)i'.-eiiil.or H. I^IO- 
 (;Sii,<'K..fii11> ,..nl.«l.-.l 111.- .Iclloii of Wllliiiiii Ilnylies; look his will .liiiii- 2^. IIWI. 
 
 ; i.'i!!!.i!.!i r.V'i'.'ii.i'-,. .,( XiriVniii i'lirkiT ri'-lcm''!. look lil.« senl Di'ii'iiiluT 3. lsl«. 
 
 ; V,.,...ii,.,..l \n pia.I- of a;.",'.; Kit.h-U. .^•^'iKiii-Hl in \<^: ««'k 1"- -«" Mii.v ^4. \m: M.Wi.untly elec. 
 liirr iin.l iiKik his seat Xovciiibir :«), 1S09. 
 
 ... El«-t«l 111 pli"™ of Wlllliim DeiinliiK. who wi.s clwle.1 ,. iiuhiIht, hut never qii«1ine<l-. t.«.k hi- scat I>, 
 
 1 l.y the U-Klsla 
 
 eiiil-r 1. 'sIO 
 
ELEVENTH CONGRESS. 
 
 55 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 Jesse Franklin. 
 
 Willis Alston, jr. 
 James Cochran. 
 IMeshack Franklin. 
 James Holland. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 KEPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 James Turner. 
 
 Thomas Kenan. 
 William Kennedy. 
 Nathaniel Mac-cm. 
 Archibald .AIcBrid 
 
 Joseph I'earson. 
 Lenuiel f-'aw yer. 
 Richard Stanford 
 John Stanly. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Alexander Campbell." 
 
 Stanley Oriswold.'' 
 
 Return Jonathan ]Meigs, jr. ' 
 
 Edward Tiffin.'' 
 Thomas Worthington. 
 
 Andrew ( Iregg. ./" 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Jeremiah ^lorrow. 
 PENNSYLV.XNIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Michael LeiV). 
 
 William Anderscjn. 
 1 >avid Bard. 
 liobert Brown. 
 William Crawford. 
 William Findley. 
 Daniel Heister. 
 Robert Jenkins. 
 
 Aaron Lyle. 
 William Milnor. 
 John Porter. 
 John Rea. 
 Matthias Richards. 
 John Rosa. 
 Benjamin Say.'' 
 
 Adam Seybert.ff 
 John Smdie. 
 George Smith. 
 Samuel Smith. 
 Robert Whitehill. 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 Christopher G. Champlin.'' 
 Francis Malbone. » 
 
 Richard Jackson, jr. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 Elisha Mathewson. 
 
 Elisha R. Potter. 
 
 John Gaillard..' 
 Thomas Sumter.* 
 
 Lemuel J. Alston. 
 AVilliam Butler. 
 Joseph Calhoun. 
 
 John Tavlor. ' 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Langdon Cheves."' 
 Robert Marion." 
 Thomas Moore. 
 
 John Taylor. ' 
 Richard Wynn. 
 Robert Witherspoon. 
 
 « Elected in place of Edwiird Tiffin, resigned, Sttinlev Griswold liaviug been appointed pro tempore; look liis seat Janu- 
 ary 12. 1810. 
 
 '» Appointed in place of Edward Tiffin, resigned; took his seat June 2, 1S09. 
 c Resigned in Isio. 
 ri Resigned in 18(19. 
 
 eElected in place of Return Jonatiian Meigs, jr.. resigned: took his seat January 8, 1811. 
 /Elected President 7)ro tempore June 2G. 1.S09. 
 
 (/Elected in phic-eof Bc-njaiuiii Say, resigned; took his seat November 27, 1809. 
 h Elected in place of Francis Malbone, deceased; look his seal January 12. 1810. 
 iDied Jinu- 4, isoy. 
 
 J Elected President pro tempore February 28, 1810, and April 17, 1810. 
 A'Took his st'i't November 27, 1S09; resigned in isio. 
 
 ' Elected Senntor in place of Thomas Sumter, resigned; took hi,s seat December 31, 1810. 
 m Elected ill place of Robert Marion, resigned; look his seat January 24, 1811. 
 " Resigned in ISU. 
 
5(5 
 
 OONURESSIO.N A I, 1)1 KIXTORY. 
 
 TKNNKSSKK. 
 
 .sKN ATnlis. 
 
 .Iiist>|ili AikUtsou. 
 Datiirl Siiiilh." 
 
 I'lcasiiiil M. Miller. 
 
 RKl-UtsKXTATIVKS. 
 .lohii Ulicii. 
 
 Jenkins Wliitesiile. * 
 
 liobiTl Wi-aklfV. 
 
 vi:i;M()NT. 
 
 KKXAhiKS. 
 KKIMU^KNTAIlVRti. 
 
 William ('liiiiiilH'rlaiii. Martin ('hittemli'ii. Jnnuthan II. llnMiunl. Samuel Shaw. 
 
 Sii'plicn K. Hriiillcy. 
 
 Jonathan Koliini'iiM. 
 
 Kiilianl ISrent. 
 
 BiirwoU Ha.-^M'tt. 
 James Bivcki'iiiidm-. 
 William A. Hurwell. 
 Matthew t'lay. 
 Jiilm t'lo|itnn. 
 John l>aww)n. 
 John W. Kpjies. 
 David S. Ciarland. ■; 
 
 VIKCilNIA. 
 
 SKXATOHS. 
 
 Rfi:iMtKsi:xTArivK.-i 
 
 Thomas (ihol.-^on, jr. 
 IVtiTson ( iooilwin. 
 Ell win (iray. 
 John (i. Jai'kson.'' 
 Walter J. mcs. 
 Jost'ph Lewis, jr. 
 John l.ove. 
 William Mi-Kinlev. • 
 
 William 1!. (iiles. 
 
 Thomas Xewton. 
 Wilson ('. Nicholas." 
 John Kanilolph. 
 John Koane. 
 Daniel Sheffey. 
 John Smith. 
 James Stepheiisoii. 
 Jacob Swoope. 
 
 IMUAN A Ti:i;i;l TORY. 
 
 DKLKdATK. 
 
 JoiiMlliaii .h'Miiinu'S..' 
 
 MISSISSIPPI TKKKITOHY. 
 
 l)KI,K<iATK. 
 (ieor^re l*oinilext<'r. 
 
 tiKiJCANs ti:ki;i T(i|;V 
 
 DKI.KDATK. 
 
 Julian I'ovdras.!/ 
 
 '> KeKlKiiod in 1S09. 
 
 I' Elorti-il ill pliiw nt nniiit'l Smilli, n-slKiiiil; l.Mik lil» ,si-at May 21i. 1M09. 
 
 "• EU'cHil in pljiii' i)f Wllwiii ('. Sii-liol«», ri'siKiii-il; tiiok lil« «•«! Jmi. 17, ISIO. 
 
 «' RfslKiifil in isio. 
 
 <■ Klorli-il ill jiliiri' "( .loliii (i. .Iiii'k.-iou, rcsittiifd; look Ills ni'ul Dec. 21, 1810. 
 
 /TiMili liiHsiiit Xnv. 27, ismi; I'liftloii unsui'uu.s'ifull.v I'oiitesttil on the grounil ot llloKnIlty. 
 
 uTiMik Ills siiit Miiv 31, IWW. 
 
•TWELFTH CONGRESS. 
 
 First session, J'rij 111 Koicinhd- //, Id'lJ, lu./iili/i:, lSl.i. .Secoiul .■<e'<iii(jn,froin Xoixmber^, ISIJ, to Marrlt. .1, 181 J. 
 
 Vice-Preaidcnt. — George Clinton," of New York. President nftlie Senate ]>rn tenipure. — -William 1\. 
 Crawford, of Georgia, elected Marcli 24, 1812. Secretar;/ of the Senate. — S.vmi'El Allyne Otis, of 
 Massac'luisetts. 
 
 S/ieahie 'if tlie Ifoiise. — Henry Cl.\y, ui Kentucky, fjlerl: of the House. — P.\trick M.\grl'DEr, of 
 Marvlaiiil. 
 
 Samuel W. Dana. 
 
 Epaphroditus Champion. 
 John Davenport, jr. 
 Lyman Law. 
 
 .lames A. Bavard. 
 
 William 11. Crawford.'' 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REI'RESENTATI V ES. 
 
 Jonathan O. Moseley. 
 Timothy Pitkin, jr. 
 Lewis B. Stuiyis. 
 
 DKLAWAKE. 
 
 SKNATCIRS. 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Henry M. Kidgeley. 
 GEORGL\. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENT ATI VE.S. 
 
 William Barnett. '' 
 William AV. Bilib. 
 
 (ieorge M. BiV:>b. 
 
 Henry Clay. ' 
 Joseph Desha. 
 
 James Brown.. ^' 
 Allan B. Maf/ruder.v 
 
 Chaunoey Gomlrich. 
 
 Ik'iijauiiii Tallmadge. 
 
 Outerbridge Horsey. 
 
 Howell Cobb.'' 
 Boiling Hall._ 
 
 KEXTCCKY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Richard M. Johnson. 
 Samuel McKee. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SENATOR.S. 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Thomas Boiling Robertson. 
 
 Charles Tait. 
 
 George M. Troup. 
 
 John I'lipe 
 
 Anthony New. 
 Stephen Ornisby. 
 
 Thuinas Po.sey.'' 
 
 a Died .\|iril -JO, 1S12. 
 
 I> EU'cttil ITi'sickMil pro tempore March 24, 1812. 
 
 c Klui'tf'i in pliiceof Howell Cobb, resigned: took hi88eat November^?, 1812. 
 rfKeNiKued ill 1X12. 
 eKleeti'd Si.enker November!, 1811. 
 
 /Elected in 7)liiee of John Noel Dcstnilum, resij^iied in 1812. having never taken his seat; took his seat Febrnarv 5, 1813. 
 a Took his seat November 18, 1812. 
 
 h Appiiinted in place of John Noel Destrahan, resigned in 1S12, having never taken his seat; took bis seat December 7, 
 1812. 
 
 ■ Took hissnnt December 23, 1812. 
 
58 
 
 OONOKKSSKl.N AI, IMKKt riiliV. 
 
 ilAKVl.AM>. 
 
 I'll ill 1 1 Kft>il. 
 
 Stevenson Archer. 
 CliiirleH W. liolilsboroufrli. 
 .[o!<fpli Ki'nt. 
 
 UKI'ia-SKXTATlVES. 
 
 Philip B. Key. 
 Peter Little. " 
 Alexiiiuler McKiiii 
 
 Samuel Smith, 
 
 SamuelRinncold. 
 Philiii Stuart. 
 Robert Wrifrht. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 .Fames Llovd. 
 
 K/.ckiel Baciin. 
 .Miijali l!i}reli)\v. 
 I'lijali liriizham. 
 1" rancid Carr. '' 
 Kiilianl Cutts. "■ 
 William Ely. 
 
 SENWTOIIS. 
 
 hei'kesextatives. 
 
 Isaiah L. (ireen. 
 Jdsiah C^uiuey. 
 William Keeil. 
 William M. Uiehanlson.'' 
 Ehenezer Seaver. 
 Saumel Ta.L'L'arl. 
 
 Joseph H. Varnuni." 
 
 Pelefj Talliiian. 
 Charles Turner, jr. 
 Italian Wlicatim. 
 l>eoiiaril White. 
 William Widgery. 
 
 Charle.s Cutts. 
 
 .Tosiah Bartlett. 
 Samuel Dinsmoor. 
 
 NKW IIAMISIIIR];. 
 
 SEX.\T()HS. 
 K El'U liSENT.^TI V 1>>. 
 
 Olied Hall. 
 John A. Harper. 
 
 Nicholas Oilman. 
 
 George SuUiyau. 
 
 .Idlm ( 'i indict 
 
 .\dam Boyil. 
 i^ewia Condict. 
 
 NEW .lEKSF.Y. 
 
 SENATOHN. 
 KEI'ItHJSESTATIVES. 
 
 Jacob Hufty. 
 George C. Maxwell. 
 
 John Lambert. 
 
 James Jlorgan. 
 Thomas Newhold. 
 
 Obadiali < iernian. 
 
 Haniel Ayery. 
 Hermanns Hleecker. 
 Thiiiiias B. Cook, 
 .lames I'.mott. 
 A.-^a Eitch. 
 Thomas R. Gold. 
 
 NEW V(i1;K. 
 
 SENATOKS. 
 KEI'RESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Thomas P. firosvenor. ' 
 Robert Le Roy Livingston..'' 
 Arniiah Metcalf. 
 Samuel L. Mitclu'll. 
 AVilliam Paulding, jr. 
 Benjamin Pond. 
 
 John Smith. 
 
 Peter B. Porter. 
 
 Ebeiiezer Sage. 
 
 Thomas Sanunons. 
 
 Silas Stow. 
 
 Pri Tracy. 
 
 Pierre Van Cortlandt, jr. 
 
 NORTH CAKOLIXA. 
 
 Jesse Franklin 
 
 James Turner. 
 
 Willis Alston. 
 William Blacklege. 
 Thoiuas ISlount.7 
 James Cochran. 
 Meshuck Franklin. 
 
 KEHKESEXTATI V h>. 
 
 William Kennedy.'' 
 William R. King. 
 Natliaiiii'l Macon. 
 Archibald McBride. 
 Joseph ]'eai°!<ou. 
 
 Israel I'ii'kens. 
 Lenmel .Siw yer. 
 Richard Stanford. 
 
 <i Elci'tol prculrtont pro torn. 
 
 I.TiM>k Ills M'lit .Iiiiio :i. 1S12. 
 
 •-TiKik Ills Mill .luiio s. IHH. 
 
 WToi>k lii.. snit .liiiuiarv "JV, inrj. 
 
 r KIccIihI in i.luic of KoIhtI Ia- Knv I,Iv1iik>Ii)11. r(>!i|(rmil : took his wnl Jdnimry '-"J, 18ia. 
 
 / Kislk'llr.l ill IMJ, 
 
 B Dli'il Ki'liriinry 7. ISIi. 
 
 * Eksaril lu pliice of Thonia."! Blimnl, ilei'i'oscrt; linik his Mill Jiiniinry :U>. IMS. 
 
AlfxandiT C'aiiipbc'll. 
 
 Andrew C4regg. 
 
 William Anilci>ciii. 
 David Bard. 
 Kcilicrt llriiwii. 
 William ( 'rawford. 
 Ilojrt'r Davis. 
 William Findlev. 
 
 Jerrmiali I'.. Howell. 
 Rii'hai-d .laclv>^on, jr. 
 
 .Tdhii (iaillard 
 
 William Butler, 
 .lolm ('. Calhoun. 
 Lau-rdon ri]i-ve?. 
 
 .Topeph Anderson. 
 
 Feli.x < irnndv. 
 
 TWELFTH CONGRESS. 
 OHIO. 
 
 SKNATOHS. 
 
 KEritKSENT.VriVK. 
 
 Jeremiah Morrow. 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 SEN.V'l'OHS. 
 REPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 John M. Hyneman. 
 Abner Lacock. 
 Joseph Lefever. 
 Aaron Lyle. 
 James Milnor. 
 William Fiper. 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 William Hunter." 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 SOUTH C.\ROLINA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRE.SENTATIVES. 
 
 Elias Earle. 
 William Lowndes. 
 Thomas IMoore. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 SENATOIiS. 
 KEPRBSENT.\TIVES. 
 
 John Khea. 
 
 59 
 
 Thomas Worthinuton. 
 
 Miehael Leib, 
 
 Jonathan Roberts. 
 AVilliam Hodman. 
 Adam Seybert. 
 John Smilie. 
 George Sndth. 
 Robert Whitehill. 
 
 Ohristoiihcr < ;. Chaniplin.'' 
 
 Elisha R. Potter. 
 
 John Tavlor. 
 
 David R. Williams 
 Richard Wvun. 
 
 George W. Campbell. 
 John Sevier. 
 
 Stephen 1!. Bradley 
 Martin Chittenden. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 .iouathan llobinson 
 
 Richard Brent. 
 
 John Baker. 
 Burwell Bassett. 
 .lames BreckenriJge. 
 William A. Burwell. 
 :\lattliew Clay. 
 Joliii Clopton. 
 John Dawson. 
 Thomas Gholson. 
 
 KEPHESENTATIVES. 
 
 Jame.? Fisk. Samuel Shaw. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 William Stron". 
 
 \Villiam 1!. (dies. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Peterson (ioodwin. 
 Edwin ( iray. 
 Ayletl Ilawes. 
 John I'. Hungerford.'' 
 Joseph Lewis, jr. 
 William .McCoy. 
 Hugh Nelson. 
 Thomas Newton. 
 
 James Pleasants, jr. 
 John Randolph. 
 John Roane. 
 Daniel Sheffey. 
 John .'^nnth. 
 John Taliaferro. ' 
 Thomas Wilson. 
 
 « Klected in place of Christopher G. Champliii. resigned; looli liis seat November 25, 1811. 
 
 'jResisnofl October, isil. 
 
 I- Elcdcd in place of .lenkins Wliitesirle. resigned in 1811; took his seat November 4, 1811. 
 
 fM'^lection .snccessfully contested Ijy .lolin Taliaferro. 
 
 (^Successfully contested the electioii of .lohn P. Hungerford; took his seat"Deeember2. 1811. 
 
l)U 
 
 (■(>.NliKKS5JlU,\AL UlKKi TOKV. 
 
 ILLl.MilS TKHKITOUY. 
 
 DKI.KdATK. 
 
 Sliailia<-k r.niiil." 
 [XDIANA TKKHITOHY. 
 
 DELKCiATK. 
 
 .Tiiiiiitlian Jennings. 
 
 iiTook Ills M'lit Llucumbur .1, 1812. 
 
 Ml.SSl.'^Sin'l TKUKITMKY. 
 
 nKl.KciATK. 
 
 titorge I'liinili'.MiT. 
 MlSSOrUI TKHKITonV. 
 
 IlKI.EIiATK. 
 
 Ktlwanl Henii»itc'a<I.'' 
 tTook his Stat January 4, 1813. 
 
THIRTEENTH CONGRESS. 
 
 Flrgt i^exxicm, from May 24, ISIS, In AiujitM 2, 1S13. Second sesmoii, from Drceinhrr 6, ISIS, to Aj/ril IS, 
 1814. Third sesstioii, from Srjitemhrr 19, 1814, to March S, ISl.i. 
 
 I "(ce-Freniderd. — Elbridge Gekry/' of Massachusetts. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. — Joseph 
 B. Varxum, of Massachusetts, elected December 6, 1813; John Gaillard, of South CaroHna, elected 
 April 18, 1814; and again elected November 25, 1814. Secretaries of the Setaite. — Samuel Allyxe Otis, 
 of Massachusetts; Charles Ci'tts, of New Hampshire, elected October 11, 1S14. 
 
 Speakers of the House. — Hexry Clay, of Kentuck.v; IjAXgdox Cheves, of South Carolina, elected 
 January 19, 1814. CJerks of the House.— V.^trick ;M.\gruder, of Maryland; Thomas Dougherty, of 
 Kentucky, elected January 30, 1815. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 Epaphroditus Champion. 
 John Davenport, jr. 
 L\nian Law. 
 
 representatives. 
 
 Jonathan 0. Moselev. 
 Timothy Pitkin. 
 Lewis B. Sturais. 
 
 Samuel W. Dana. 
 
 Benjamin Tallmadge. 
 Chaunce}' Goodrich. <^ 
 
 (.)uterbridsre Horsey. 
 
 Thomas Cooper. 
 
 William AVyatt Bibb.' 
 AViUiam B. "Bullock. .'' 
 
 William Barnett. 
 William W. Bibb.f 
 Alfred Cuthbert.!/ 
 
 DELAWARE. ' 
 
 senators. 
 
 representatives. 
 
 GEOK(iIA. 
 
 senators. 
 
 representatives. 
 
 John Forsvth. 
 Boiling Hall. 
 Thomas Telfair. 
 
 William H. Wells.^ 
 
 Henry il. Ridgeley. 
 
 Charles Tait. 
 William H. CraH f. 
 
 George M. Troup. 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 William T. Barry./' 
 George M. Bibb." ' 
 Jesse Bledsoe..' 
 
 James Clark. 
 Henry Clay. '" 
 Ji iseph Desha. 
 William P. Duval. 
 
 REPRESE.VTATIVES. 
 
 Joseph H. Hawkins." 
 Samuel Hopkins." 
 Richard JI. Johnson./' 
 Samuel McKee. 
 
 IshamTalljot.'*- 
 George Walker. ' 
 
 Thomas Montgomery. 
 Stephen Ormsby. 
 Solomon P. Sharp. 
 
 " rii.fl November 23, 1S14. 
 
 '■ l':U'cled in place of Chauncev Goodrich, resigned in 1813; took liis seat ilav 24, 1813. 
 '■ Ki>i)?ned 1813. 
 
 '' Elected in place of James A. Bayard, resigned March 3. 1S13; took his seat June 10, 1813. 
 
 ''Elected Senator in place of William H. Crawford, resigned in 1813, William B. Bullock having been appointed pro 
 tempxire: took his seat December 6, 1813. 
 
 f .\jij.ointed in place i >f William II. Crawford, resigned in 1813: took his seat May 24. 1813. 
 ti EU'cled in place of William W. Bibb, appointed Senator; took his seat February 7, 1814. 
 '' Elected in place of George M. Bibb, resigned; took his sc.it February 2, 181■^. 
 '■Resigned in 1814. 
 .) Resigned in ISl.'i. 
 
 ''I'llci'ted in place of Jesse Bledsoe, resigned: took his seat February 2. 181-i. 
 1 .\pIHiinted in i>lace of George M. Bil)b, resigned: took his seat October 10, 1814. 
 I'l Elcitcd Speaker May 24, 1813; resigned January 19, 1814. 
 " IClected in place of Henrv Clay, resigned: took his seat March 29, 1814. 
 "Took his seat June 2t;, 1813. 
 /■Took his seat March 7, 1814. 
 
 Gl 
 
^\•2 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTORY 
 
 James Brown. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SES.\T()R.'<. 
 RKfUESEXTATIVE. 
 
 Thciiiiii!i 1'. Roliertson. 
 
 Clegius Froinentin 
 
 MAKYL.VM). 
 
 SEXATOU.S. 
 
 RolR'it lli'iiry (iuliliilxirough. 
 
 KEI'l{t>EXTAriVE.S 
 
 Stevenson Archer. 
 Charles W. liolcUboroiiKh. 
 .\lexaniler C. Hani-on. 
 
 ■lo-ieiili Kent. 
 .Mexaniler McKini. 
 Niiliola.s K. Moure. 
 
 Samuel l^milli 
 
 Samuel Ringgold. 
 Philij) Stuart. 
 RotxTt Wright. 
 
 MASSACIirSKTTS. 
 
 Christoplier (iore.n 
 
 William Baylies. 
 
 Aliijah Bigelow. 
 
 tieorge Hrailbury, Portland. 
 
 Klijali Briiihani. 
 
 Saiiuiel Dana.'' 
 
 Samuel Davis, Bath. 
 
 Daniel Dewey.'' 
 
 William Ely. 
 
 Charles Cutts.!/ 
 Nicholas (»ilman.'' 
 
 Joseph B. Var 
 
 I'.radburv Cillev. 
 Willianrilale. " 
 
 John Condic-t. 
 
 Thoma.a Bines.* 
 Lewis Condit. 
 William Coxe. 
 
 KEPRE.-<EXT.\TIVES. 
 
 Levi Hulihard. 
 John W. Ilnlhert.' 
 ( yrus King, Saco. 
 James Parker. 
 Tiiiiiithy Pickering. 
 John Ivi'ed. 
 William Keed. 
 IVilliam M. Richardson./ 
 
 NKW HAMI'SIIIRK. 
 
 SEX.\TORS. 
 
 1!EI'RESEXT.\TIVE8. 
 
 Samuel Smith. 
 Roger Vose. 
 
 NKW JKRSEY. 
 
 SEXATOH.S. 
 REI'RESEXT.VTIVBS. 
 
 Jacob llufty. ' 
 James Sclnireman. 
 Richard Stockton. 
 
 Niav YORK. 
 
 Nathaniel Buggies. 
 Samuel Taggart. 
 Artemas Ward. 
 Laban Wheaton. 
 John Wilson. 
 Abiel Wood, Wiscasset. 
 
 Jeremiah Mason. ' 
 Thomas W. Thomp.-on.J 
 
 Daniel Webster. 
 Jeduthan Wilcox. 
 
 John Lambert. 
 
 Thonuis Wanl. 
 
 Obadiah German. 
 
 Daniel .\very. 
 Kgbert Benson."' 
 John M. Bowers." 
 Alexander Boyd. 
 
 SENATOR.S. 
 
 KEI'KESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Oliver C. Comstoek. 
 Peter Denovelles. 
 Jonathan Fisk. 
 James (ieddes. 
 
 Rufus King. 
 
 Thomas P. Grosvenor. 
 .\braham Ilasbrouok." 
 .•^amuel M. Hopkins. 
 Natluuiiel liowell. 
 
 •1 Ap[Kiinl(<l 111 iilare of Jnmes Lloyd, rp-ilgncd in 1813; took his seat May as, 181S. 
 
 »' Klictiil I'rvslilint pni tomporo DccoinbcrG. 1S13. 
 
 .■ Kloiiil ill pliiti' iif William M. Iticlmrdson. ri'slgned: tmik hi.i scat ScptfintK-r 22. 1814. 
 
 •'Kiv-iiciii'il ii" 1^1 !■ 
 
 "•Kkinil iMpliircof linnii'l Dewey, ri'siitiUMl ; tmik lii«sc'Ul So|ili'iul>('rJi'.. 1M4. 
 
 /TiHik lilsM'iil.lmjciJ.lMH; ri'-iciie'l April >. 1>»H. 
 
 « ApiKiirili'd to fill viii'iiiiiy diirinn; n^ces* of the leKisliUure: look his sent May 21. lsi;t. 
 
 ( Klirted (or Mx vear« from March 4, ISIS. Charles Ciilt.-i liaviiiit l«een api>ointe<l pro tempore: took his sent .Iiiiie ■-'I, IMS. 
 I Kl.ited ill pliw;- ii( Siehohus Uilman. deceasied: liKik his sent .September 19, ISU. 
 Ml ri.il ill pliiee of .liieob Hufty, deceased; took his seat NovemtHT '.;. 1814. 
 ' I> . ■\ in 1814. 
 
 I'Tcsik his sent .PiViie ■2\, 18i:!: his election was successfully coiitesteil by Isatie Wlllianis. Jr. 
 "Took his seat .lime is, isVi. 
 
THIRTEENTH CONGRESS. 
 
 63 
 
 William Irving.o 
 Moss Kent. 
 Jdhii Lefferts. 
 Juhn Lovett. 
 Jacob JIarkell. 
 Jlorris S. Miller. 
 
 David Stone. 
 
 Willis Alston. 
 John Culpeper. 
 Peter Forney. 
 Meshaek Franklin. 
 William Gaston. 
 
 Joseph Kerr. <' 
 Jeremiah Morrow. 
 
 John Alexander. 
 Reaziu Beall.'' 
 James Caldwell. 
 
 Hosea MofRt. 
 Thomas J. Oakley. 
 Jothaui Post, jr. 
 Ebenezer Sajje. 
 Saninel Sherwood. 
 Zebulon R. Shipherd. 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 RBPKESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 William Kennedy. 
 William R. King. 
 Nathaniel Macon. 
 William H. Jlnrfee. 
 Joseph Pearson. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 SEN.VTOKS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 David Clendenen. ' 
 William Creighton, jnn. 
 James Kilbourn. 
 
 William S. Smith. 
 John W. Taylor. 
 Joel Thomitson. 
 Isaac Williams, jr. S 
 Elisha J. Winter. 
 
 James Turner. 
 
 Israel Pickens. 
 Richard Stanford. 
 Bartlett Yancv. 
 
 Thomas Worthington.<^ 
 
 John McLean. 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Abner Laeock. 
 Michael Leib.'^ 
 
 Wiliam Anderson. 
 David Bard. 
 Robert Brown, 
 .lolni Conrad. 
 William Crawford. 
 Edward Crouch.? 
 Roger Davis. 
 William Findley. 
 Hugh Glasgow. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John (Tloninger.'' 
 Isaac (Triflin. 
 Samnel Henderson. ' 
 John M. Hyneman.'' 
 Charles J. Ingersoll. 
 Samuel D. Ingham. 
 Jared Irwin. 
 Aaron Lyle. 
 AVilliam Piper. 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 Jonathan Roberts./ 
 
 John Rea. 
 Jonathan Roberts. .'' 
 Adam Seybert. 
 Amos Slay maker. J 
 Isaac Smith. 
 Adamson Tannehill. 
 Daniel Udree.* 
 James Whitehill.'^ 
 Thomas Wilson. 
 
 Jeremiah B. Howell. 
 Richard Jackson, jr. 
 
 John Gaillard. ' 
 
 John C. Calhoun. 
 John J. Chappell. 
 Langdon Cheves."' 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Elias Earle. 
 David R. Evans. 
 Samuel Farrow. 
 
 William Hunter. 
 
 Elisha R. Potter. 
 
 ,To]ni Tavlor. 
 
 Theodore (Tourdin. 
 John Kershaw. 
 William Lowndes. 
 
 ('Elected in place ol ERbert Benson, resigned; took liis seat .lanuftry 22, 1814, 
 (i Successfully contested the election of John M, Bowers: took his seat January 24, 1S14. 
 1' Elected in place ol Thomas Worthington, resigned ; took his seat December 30, 1814, 
 ri Resigned in 1814. 
 
 e Elected in place of Reazin Beall. resigned: took his seat December 22, 1814. 
 /"Elected Senator in place of Michael Leib, resigned: took his seat February 28, .l.'<14. 
 (/Elected in place of John Gloninger, resigned; took his seat December 6, 1813. 
 '(Resigned in 1813. 
 
 i Elected in place of Jonathan Roberts, elected senator; took his seat November 2;i, ISH, 
 ,7 Elected in place of James Whitehill, resigned; took his seat December 12, 1S14. 
 ^'Elected in place of John M, Hyneman, resigned; took his seat December 6, 1S13, 
 
 lElectedPresidentprotemporcAprillS, 1814, and November 2,5, 1814, on the death of the vice-president, Mr, 
 '"Elected Speaker January 19. 1814, in place of Henry Clay, resigned. 
 
''4 CONUKKSHHIN \l, i)IKi:( TiiKV. 
 
 ti;nm;sske. 
 
 SKNATllKS. 
 
 .Iiisi'ph Aiiilcixoii. Jesse Wharton.'' 
 
 ( Jccirt'c \V. Ciiiiiplicl 
 
 UKl'HKSENTATIVES. 
 
 J'lliii II. ['..iwcii. Tlioiiia« K. narri.«.'' John Sevier. 
 
 XfWii.n Ciinnim. <■ Perrv W. Ilniiiphrevc. 
 
 Follx (iruMily.'' Joliii Hlii-:i. 
 
 VKKMiiNT. 
 
 SKNATOH.s. 
 
 Iiii.llcy Chase Jonathan ]v(iliinw)n. 
 
 HKPHESENTATIVES. 
 
 William C. Hra<lley. Jani('.« Fisk. Hiclianl .'^kinner. 
 
 Kzra Butler. Charle>> Kicli. William Strong, 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 .XEXATOU-S. 
 
 .lame.- Harhrmr. "^ William B. Gilep. 
 
 Ki.htird Brent.. ^ 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Philip r. Harbour.;/ Thomas ( iliolson. William MeCoy. 
 
 Thnma.-' II. Bayley.'' IVtei-son (inoihvin. llii;:!! .Xelson. 
 
 .)aiiii'.< Breikiiiriilije. Aylrtt llawes, Thcimas Newton. 
 
 William .\. Burwell. .[olin P. lIunjirerfDnl.i James I'leasants. jr. 
 
 llu^'h Caperton. .Tohu (1. Jaek.-on. Joliii Koane. 
 
 John Clopton. .lame," .lohnson.* Daniel Sheffey. 
 
 John I>a\v.-ion.' .[olin Kerr. -John Smith. 
 
 John W. l-.ppes Jo.-eph l>»\vi.-i. jr. Fnineis White. 
 
 ILLINdlS TEKKITOHY. 
 
 DKI.EdATES. 
 
 Shailrack Himd." Benjamin Steiilicnsn 
 
 INDI.VNA TKKHITOKY. 
 
 llKI.KCiATE. 
 
 .lonalhan .li'nMin;:s. 
 
 MlSSl.^SII-ri I'llKKITOin'. 
 nKLE<tATE. 
 
 William Ijittimoiv.'" 
 
 MISSOl'Kl TKKHITOKY. 
 
 i)Ki,Ki;Art>. 
 I{iitu> {•",a-iton." Rlwaril Ilemp-xteail.' 
 
 " R.'siBiuit in 1.SI4. 
 
 l'.\m>c>ltile<l in pliiec nl OenrRc W. Cnniplipll. rcsluned; took hl!< mat .\prll 9. IMI 
 ■■KlL'iltii in |ilji(f lit I'Vlix <!rnn<ly. rt".ii{iuMl; icml; his mmU Hi'IoIkt IS. ISH. 
 *'Snit ullsU(Trv<iu)lv oonti'sU'ii I.y Williitln Krlly. 
 
 <• Kli'itol in iiliiri' lit Kii-liiinl Hri'ni. iIccmimiI; tm>k liis snil .lanimry 11. ISl.V 
 /hiiKl l(eicnil.iT:t(i. li*H. 
 
 bKIitIviI In iiliKiMit Jiilin Iiiiu>.iin. iU'ini.-iil: I<«>k his scat Si-pteniluT 1(». IM4. 
 AKIiTtiiin TinNurrf?<shilly e»intcst»'ii liv Hnrwi-ll Btis.'iett. 
 (Iiif.l Mar.li :UI. IHll. 
 
 J iCifi-iii'ii iin'*iiiM'i'jwfullv€*onte!»ttiI liv.Tn)ni TiiIinfiTni. 
 »T.Hik iiiSM'Hi Dc-i'inliiTl.MSls. 
 
 ' Kl< Tiitl in placi' <if SliBdnick Bond, reslcniil: took liln wilt Novt'ml»T II. lx|l. 
 "'T.Hik hl'-sual liri'iiiilHTii. IHi;l. 
 "TiH>k lilHM'al NiivunilHT Hi. 1M4. " 
 
 "Ti"ik Ills »vnl .Inno 10, l.slS. 
 
FOUETEEXTH OONGEESS. 
 
 I''irsl .•iKxxioii, from Ih'cnnher 4, ISIS, In Jjn-il .10, ISUl. Si'rotid xensiDit, frmn Ik'cemhi'i- 2, ISlii, In Mnrch. 
 
 .?, 1SJ7. 
 
 Vire-Prexiileiit." I'lrxideiit of Ihe Senate pm tempnre. — Jonx Gaili.ahd, of Soiitli Carolina; again 
 I'lected December 2, 181G. SecreUini of the Senate. — Charles Crrrs, of Ni'W Ilainpt^liire. 
 
 Speaker of the Iloiixe. — Hexky Clay, of Kentucky. (_'lerl: of tlie ll<ni,ic. — Thojias PorfiRERTY, of 
 Kentucky. 
 
 CONNECTICITT. 
 
 Iiavid Dagaett. 
 
 Kpapliroditus Champion, 
 .lohii r)avcn])ort, jr. 
 l.vinau l/dw. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Jonathan (). Moseley. 
 Timothy Pitkin. 
 I^ewis B. Sturgis. 
 
 Samuel W. Dana. 
 
 ]'.(]ijamin Talhriadge. 
 
 OuttTbriilgu Horsey. 
 Thomas Clavlim. 
 
 D]-;i.A\VARK. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 RKPRKSENTATIVES. 
 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 William II. Wells.'' 
 
 Tliomas Ccioper. 
 
 William \V. I'.ibb.c 
 Charles Tail. 
 
 Zailock Cook. « 
 Alfred Cnthbert.'- 
 John Forsvth. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 KEPRESENT.VTIVES. 
 
 Boiling Hall. 
 Wilson Lumjikin. 
 Thomas Telfair. 
 
 George M. Trouji.'' 
 
 Richard Ilenrv Wilde. 
 
 l.NKIANA. 
 
 James Xol)le. .' 
 
 KEI'RESEXTATIVE. 
 
 William llendricka.ff 
 
 Waller Taylor../' 
 
 aElbridse Gerry, Vice-Presiiient of tlic rniterl Stall's, died Xovemher 2:i, 1S14. 
 
 i> T(»>k his wilt .Innunry lu, ISlil. 
 
 '■ Resigned in IHUi. 
 
 ''Elfc'ti'd ill ]ilace of William \V, Biljlj. resigned; took lu.s .seat Dceembor 12, l.slC. 
 
 (• Elected in place of .Mfred Cuthbert, resigned: took his scat Jr.nnarv 23, 1.S17. 
 
 /Took his seat Decenilx-r 12, lisi(i. 
 
 f/Took his seat December 2, 1S16. 
 
 li. Doc. 458 o 
 
«)() 
 
 CONORESSIONAI. DIKKCTHKY, 
 KKNTICKY. 
 
 William T. Hairy. ' 
 -Martin I). Ilanlin.'' 
 
 .laims Clark." 
 Henry Clay. '' 
 Jt)«'|ih l>i',-ilia. 
 Benjamin Ilanlin. 
 
 KKI'HESKNTXriVKN. 
 
 'riKiiiia.- FU'ti-licr.'' 
 Hicharcl M. JnliiiHui. 
 Alney McLi-an. 
 .Samuel MeKee. 
 
 Isham Talbot. 
 
 Stejiheii Ormsby. 
 Siiliimon P. Sharpe. 
 Mieah Taul. 
 
 ,Iamp.« Brown. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SEX.\TORS. 
 
 REI'RESENT.VTI VE-S. 
 Thomas !'•. Kolu'rt.-ioii. 
 
 .mai;yi..\ni). 
 
 Eleciu? Fromentin. 
 
 Rolx-rt H. Cioldshoroufili. 
 .\le.\aiwler Contee UaiL-'oii. 
 
 Robert < ;. Ilariicr. .'' 
 
 Stevenson .Vnlier. 
 (ieort;e Kaer. 
 
 Charles \V. liol(lsl>i>rou>.'b. 
 Alexander C. Hanson.' 
 
 KEPRE.SENT.VTl V KS. 
 
 .Tobn C. Herbert. 
 IVter Little..'/ 
 Georire Peter.'' 
 William Pinknev. ' 
 
 Samuel ."^mitli. J 
 Philip Stuart. 
 Koliert Writ:ht. 
 
 MASSACIIVSKTTS. 
 
 Eli P. Ashnmn.* 
 Christopher (Jore." 
 
 JosJeiib P.. Var 
 
 Penjamin .\claTns. ' 
 William Paylies. 
 (ieotjre Prailbury. 
 Klijah P>ri;;ham."' 
 Benjamin Brown. 
 James Carr." 
 Samuel S. Conner. 
 
 RKPHE.SE.\T.\TIVES. 
 
 John W. Hulburt. 
 Cvrus Kin<.'. 
 Klijah II. Mills. 
 Jeremiah Nelson. 
 .Mbion K. I'arris. 
 Timothy PiikerinR. 
 John Ueeil. 
 
 Thomas Hiie. 
 Nathanii'l Ku'jules. 
 .V.sahel Stearn.s.' 
 Solomon StroH)». 
 Sanmel Tajrirart. 
 .Vrtemus Ward." 
 I.abau Wlieaton. 
 
 NKW ll.XMPSHIPK. 
 
 .leremiah Mason. 
 
 Charle.s 11. .\tlierton. 
 P.radbnrv Cilli-v. 
 
 SKNATOHS. 
 
 RKPRESENT.Vri V t>i. 
 
 William Hale." 
 Kojier Vo.se. 
 
 Thomas W. Thom]isiin. 
 
 Daniel AVebster. /' 
 Je<lutlian Wili-ox. 
 
 'I Kcsiijned ill l.slii. , » , , , 
 
 I' .Vnpoliitcd in plncc of Win. T. Barry, resisiicd; took Ills neat DcccinbtT R, 1816: siilwtMiiieiilly I'li-i'twl liy IfitiKlature. 
 <■ Kii'iUd S[peiiliiT IJciemlxT i, INl.'i. 
 
 il Elfi'ltil in iiIkic <i( .tiiines Clnrk. resiipuMl; took his seat Decemlwr 2. ISIO. 
 <• KliMUKi Si'imliir in plncu of KotiiTt (i. Hnrpir. ri'.«iKiufl: took his swit Jnnimry J. 1S17. 
 / Elf<-iuil from .Innnnrv 'Jy, isiil. In Marcli :!. IvJI: took his scat >VI)rimry .'>. IMfi: r«iiBn<Hl in l-MCi. 
 (/KltfUiI in plui<-uf William I'iiikiicv. rosiniuil; l.«ik his .seal rii-ci-mtnr 2. lM(i. 
 >> KIwlfil in pliici- i>f Ahxamlir ('. Hanson. >U<t«il Sinator: lo<ik his siai IiweintH-r •-'. ISII.. 
 'Took his Mill .Iiinnarvs, Islil; rtsik-iuM in IMi'., Iiavinu- lii.ii iii.|m>1iiI.(1 ininislcr to Kussiii. 
 J KliTt.'.l in placo nt Niriiolas It. Mi>orc. risiKiud in IM'.. i..,.k Ins scat Fihriiary 4, IsiC. 
 I KliM-tiil In phiii-of rhrislonliiTiiorc, rL-siumil: tnok liissiai I)i(tiiil>ir ■_'. IsliJ. 
 I Klei-ittl in pliiie of Klijah llrlKliam, ilucfiusud; took his seal Uccember 2. Islti. 
 '" Dli'il Ki'hrilurv 2. IMlV 
 "T(Kik his scat Di-i-cmliiT 2. 181c;. 
 "Took his seat January l.'i, l.slii. 
 /"Took hissiMil Ki'hniary 7. ISlii. 
 
fourte:enth congress. 
 
 67 
 
 John Condict. 
 
 Ezra Baker. 
 Ephraim Batemaii. 
 
 Rufus King. 
 
 Asa Ailgate. 
 Danifl Avery. '- 
 Samuel R. Betts. 
 James Binlsall. 
 Victory Birdseye. 
 Mieah Brooks. 
 Daniel Cailv. 
 Archibald S. Clarke.'^ 
 C)liver C. Comstock. 
 Henrv Crocheron. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Benjamin Bennet." 
 Lewis Condit. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Thomas R. (.Told. 
 Thomas P. (4rosvenor. 
 Jabez D. Hammond. 
 William Irving. « 
 Moss Kent. 
 John Lovett. 
 Hosea Moffit 
 Peter B. Porter. ,/" 
 Erastus Root.!/ 
 John Savage. 
 
 James J. Wilson. 
 
 Henrv Southard. 
 Thonias Ward. '' 
 
 Nathan Sanford. 
 
 Abraham H. Schenok. 
 John W. Taylor. 
 Enos T. Throop. ./' 
 George Townsend. 
 Jonathan Ward. 
 Peter H. Wendover. 
 James W. Wilkin. 
 Westel Willoughby, jr.' 
 John B. Yates. 
 
 Nathaniel Macon. ' 
 Montford Stokes..? 
 
 Joseph H. Bryan. 
 James W. Clark. 
 John Culpeper. 
 Samuel Dickens.^' 
 Weldou N. Edwards. ( 
 rianiel 31. Fornev. 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William Gaston. 
 Charles Hooks.'" 
 William R. King, f 
 William C. Love. 
 Nathaniel ilacon. ' 
 William H. Murfree. 
 
 James Turner. ./' 
 
 Israel Pickens. 
 Richard Stanford 
 Lewis Williams. 
 Bartlett Yancy. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 Jeremiah ilorrow. 
 
 John Alexander. 
 James Caldwell. 
 Daviil Clendenen. 
 
 Benjamin Ruggles. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William Creighton, jr. 
 William Henry Harrison." 
 James Killiourn. /' 
 
 John ilcLean../' 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Aljner Lacock. 
 
 Thnmas Bnrnside. .'' 
 William Crawford. 
 William Darlington. 
 William Findley.'/ 
 Hugh Glasgow. 
 Isaac Griffin. 
 John Halm. 
 Joseph Ileister. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Jonathan Kuljerts. 
 
 Joseph Hopkinson. 
 Samuel 1). Ingham. 
 Jared Irwin. 
 Aaron Lyle. 
 AViliiam JIaclay. 
 Williaui P. Jlaclay. 
 William ]\Iiliior. 
 William Piper. 
 
 John Ross. 
 John Sergeant. 
 Thomas Smith. 
 James 31. Wallace. 
 John Whiteside. 
 Thomas Wilson. 
 William Wilson. 
 
 (1 Took his seat January 1-5, 1816. 
 
 /'Took his seat January 27, 1816. 
 
 '■ Elected in place of Enos T. Throop, resigned; took his seat December 3, 1S16. 
 
 •I Elected in place of Peter B. Porter, resianert; took his seat December 2, 1816. 
 
 e Took iiis seat January 22, 1S16. 
 
 / Kesiiiiie'l in Islil. 
 
 t/SuccL'»fiilly contested the election of John Adams: took his seat December 26, 181,5. 
 
 'i Successfully conti'sted the scat of William .S. Smith: took his seat December 13, 1815. 
 
 I Elected .scnat.)riii place of Francis Locke, resigned in lsl,i, having never taken his seat: took his seat December 1,'i, Isi.x 
 
 J Elected in place oi James Turner, resitjued: took his seat EiecemberlC, IsKJ. 
 
 ^" Elected in place of Kiehiird Slalilnrd. d a^ed: tnnk his seat Iieeemlper 2. 1816. 
 
 ' Elected in place of Nathaniel Macou, cK-itiil .senator; look his seal Feljruary", 1816. 
 m Elected in place of William R. Kim;, resigned; tm.k his seat DecemberJ, IS16. 
 "Died April 9. 1816. 
 
 o Elected in place of John JlcLeau, resigned; took his seat December 2, 1816. 
 pTook his seat January 29, 1817. 
 <i Took his seat December 2, 1816. 
 '•Elected in place of Thomas Burnside. resigned; took his seat December 3, 1.S16. 
 
68 
 
 rONGKEHSIUNAL DIKKCTOK Y. 
 KlldlH-. ISLAM). 
 
 SKNATons. 
 
 .Icii'iiii:ili H. Ilivwi'U. 
 .loliii I,. Ilos", jr. 
 
 KKI'KKSEXTATI V K«. 
 
 Sdl'TlI CAliOI.IXA. 
 
 Williaiii Hunter. 
 
 .Imiiu-!' \i. Mason. 
 
 .Iiihii (iaillanl." 
 
 William Smith,'' Cliarlcstun. 
 
 .Tcilin Tavliir. ' 
 
 Ui:ri{ESENT.\TIVIi8. 
 
 John C. Calhoun. 
 John J. ('ha])|H'll. 
 niMijamin I liiu'i'i'. 
 Wilham I-owiulc.". 
 
 William Mayrant. '' 
 Hfiirv Miildlctoii. 
 Stc|ilicM I>. .Miller.'' 
 Thomas Moore. 
 
 John Taylor. 
 William Wooihvanl. 
 
 ( ieortre W. Camjihell. 
 
 TKNNKSSEK. 
 
 .«KX.\T<>HS. 
 
 i!i:eni:si:NrAi'ivi:s. 
 
 JiOiii Williainp. 
 
 William (i. Mlount. .'' 
 .Xewtoii ( 'annoii. 
 
 IV'tinett 1 1. I leiiilersoH 
 Samuel I'luvel. 
 
 James B. HeynoMs 
 l.«aae Thonia.s. 
 
 DlldleV (Miacf. 
 
 VKKMiiNT. 
 
 .SEXATOHS. 
 
 REPRF>ENTATIV1> 
 
 Isaac Ticlienor. 
 
 Daniel Chipman. 
 l.iither Jewett. 
 
 Chauncey Lanjidon. 
 Asa Lvoii. 
 
 I'liarles Marsh. 
 Jolin Xoves. 
 
 VIKtJIMA. 
 
 James liartiour. 
 
 rhilip P. Harliour. 
 I'.urxvell Hassctt. 
 James l!n'i'kenriil'.;e. 
 William A. Unrwell. 
 John ('lo|iton.'' 
 Thomas (iholsoM.* 
 Peterson (iooihvin. 
 Aylelt Uawi'S. 
 John P. Hungerford. 
 
 SEXATOHS. 
 
 HEIMtlvSEXTATIVES. 
 
 John (i. Jackson. 
 James Jfihnson. 
 .lohn Kerr. 
 Jose|ih Lewin, jr. 
 William McCov. ' 
 llll..'ll Nelson. ■ 
 
 Th as M. Nelson.. 
 
 Tlii>mas Newton. 
 James Pleawmts, ir. 
 
 Arniistea'l T. Mason.!/ 
 
 Jolin Kan(1ol|ih. 
 William II. Hoane. 
 I>aniel Shefl"e\ . 
 Kallaril Smith. 
 Mau'nns Tate. 
 Henry St. (u'opje luiker. 
 John T\ ler.* 
 
 'I Pn 
 '• Kl< 
 ■• K.' 
 •I Kl. 
 
 /T.« 
 u Kl< 
 'ilii. 
 
 J Kli 
 k Kit 
 
 siilctil pre temiK)!!'; rfch'rltM! I)<'('<*iiit»cr2, INIt'.. 
 
 iliil ill |iliui' iiT.liiliii Tii.vler. ri'siKiicfl: tiMik lil.'< Miit .iiiiiiiiir.v lu. IM?. 
 
 ii-iii'd ill l.Hlii. 
 
 iiicl III pliiif I't Williiiiii Mii.vmnt, rcsiRiuKl; took his h>»i .liiiiiiary ■•. IvIT. 
 
 ct.cl ill pliui' iif (iiMo:!' W. Ciimptu'll. rt'slinii'd in ISH: tmik lli^ ««l I)wfmtnr I. IM.'i 
 
 .k liis still .liiiiiiiirv .s. IHli;. 
 
 ii.il ill plaiiiif Wlllinni 1). lilies, ri'siirnert in I.hI.'i: timk liisM'iil liimmry '.•;!. isii.. 
 
 .1 III IMil. 
 
 itiiiii iiiiMHTi.ssdillv loiilesti-il liy KutHTt Piirterflclil. 
 
 iicil ill plui'cuf TlieiiiiisCiliiilwiii. ilni'Hsi'il: toiik li Ik soul rU'renilK'r 4. ISlC 
 
 itiil ill pliue i>( Jtilin C'loplon. lieceiuiud; loiik liis wnl PfCcinlHT 17, 18IC. 
 
FOURTEENTH CONGRESS. 69 
 
 ILLINOIS TERRITORY. 
 
 DKLEGATES. 
 
 Nathaniel Pope." Benjamin iStephenson. 
 
 INDIANA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Jonatlian Jennings. 
 MISSISSIPPI TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 William Lattimore. 
 MISSOURI TERRITORY. 
 
 DELECi.VrES. 
 
 Rnlus Easton. .TohnScott.6 
 
 " Took his seat December 2. isifi. 
 
 ''Took his sent December 2, 1816; iiis election was contested by Rufus Easton, and declared illcf^al, and seat vacant 
 January 13, 1817. 
 
FIFTEENTH COXG KESS. 
 
 Pirnl ivfsiiiii, from Iknmlier 1. 1S17, to April i'o, 181S. Srcoiid unurion, from Xoremlier 11, 18IS, la 
 
 March S, IS 19. 
 
 Vice-I'rt'siilrnl. — Daxiei. I). Tojir-Kixs, of Xew York. PrfKiilintt: of Ihe Smnh prn Irniparr. — John 
 Gaii.i.ard, of South Caioliiia, ajraiii elwU'd March 151, 1S18; Ja.mks Bakboik, of Virginia. eli'i-ti*<i Feb- 
 ruary \rt, 1S19. Setrelari/ of llie Seiiiiti: — Chahle.-* t'lTix, of New Hampshire. 
 
 S/ieiiker of the Home. — Hexrv Clay, of Kentucky. Clerk of the lloute. — Thomas I)oi-gherty, of 
 Kentucky. 
 
 Daviil Daggett. 
 
 Sylvester (iilhert.'' 
 ifriel Holmes.'' 
 Ebenezer Huntington. 
 
 COXNKCTICrT. 
 
 .XEXATOR.S. 
 HE1>HKSEXT.\TIVES. 
 
 .kinathan O. Moseley. 
 Timothy I'itkin. 
 Samuel 1>. Shi'r\voo(l. 
 
 Samuel \V. Dana." 
 
 Xatlianiel Terry. 
 Thomas S. Williams. 
 
 ( >\it<'rlin(lge Ilorsev. 
 
 Willanl Hall. 
 
 liKl..\\V.\KK. 
 
 •^KXAToKS. 
 
 KEI-HESKXTATIVE.S. 
 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 Nicholas Van I'yke. 
 
 I»uis McLane. 
 
 .lohii Forsytli.'' 
 Charles Tiiit. 
 
 Joel At»bot. 
 Thonia.-* \V. Gobi. 
 Zadock Cook. 
 
 SENATOHS. 
 
 UEI'KESE.VrATIVES. 
 
 Joel Crawford. 
 Jolni ror.-ylh.'' 
 Kolx'rt Haynionil Hei'l. 
 
 George M. Troup. ■ 
 
 William Terrill. 
 
 II.I.IN()I>. 
 
 Niiiiaii {•'.ihvanls. .'■ 
 
 liKCHI-><KXTATlVK. 
 
 JoliM Mcl^ean. .'' 
 
 Ji's-'"- B. Thomas. ' 
 
 a Tnok hid Beat April 9. 1^1 ■ 
 
 ''EK'<'lc-<t In l''"''>'"'t'r''' ll"inii - r<>ikii. m: l.■.■^ iii>mm. .S..v(mlM.Tl6. ISls, 
 rKlslKllinlllllKlH. 
 
 <i Klurti-il Si-iiHlcir III pliiTO (i( Oi'ortte M. Troii|i. re-litiKil; ti«ik lil« wnl NovcmliiT 23, |h18; roflcmil l-i-l.riiiiry, IhIK. 
 *■ Klectifi ill plHci' nf John Fon*vlh. I'lcrltMl .^triiAtur; l»Mik \\\^ -onl Ki't>niHr>- 1^*. ISlit. 
 /Took lii» sent IifwmbiT 4. \»\». 
 
 70 
 
FIFTEENTH CONGRESS. 
 INDIANA. 
 
 71 
 
 James Noble. 
 
 SEXATOKS. 
 REPKESE.VTATIVE. 
 
 Williaiu I Icinlvirkii 
 KENTl'CKY. 
 
 Waller Tiiylor. 
 
 John J. Crittenden. 
 
 SEXATOR.S. 
 
 REPKE.'<EXTATIVE.S. 
 
 Richard C. Anderson, jr 
 Henry Clay." 
 Joseph Desha. 
 Richard M. Johnson. 
 
 Anthony New. 
 Tnnstall" Qnarles, jr. 
 (xeorge Robertson. 
 Thomas (Speed. 
 
 Ishain Talbot. 
 
 David Trimble. 
 David Walker. 
 
 William C. C. Clail)orne. '' 
 Elisins Fromentin. 
 
 Thomas Butler. 
 
 Roliert II. (;oldsl«irou>.'h. 
 
 Thomas Bavlev. 
 Thomas Cnll>reth. 
 John C. Herbert. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATI\'ES. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Henry Johnson. '' 
 
 Thomas K. Robertson. '' 
 
 Alexander ('. Hanson. .'' 
 
 Peter Little. 
 George Peter. 
 Philip Reed. 
 
 Samuel Ringgold. 
 Samuel Smith. 
 Philip Stuart. 
 
 Eli P. Ashmun. <• 
 Prentiss Mellen. 
 
 Benjamin Adams. 
 Samuel C. Allen. 
 Walter Folger, jr. 
 Timothy Fuller.'' 
 Joshua Gage. 
 John Holmes. 
 Enoch Lincoln. * 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Jonathan Mason. 
 Elijah H. Mills..;' 
 Marcus Morton. 
 Jeremiah Nelson. 
 Benjamin Orr. 
 Albion K. Parris. ^ 
 Thomas Rice.^' 
 
 Harrison Grav (ttis. 
 
 Nathaniel Ruggles. 
 Zabdiel Sampson. 
 Henry Shaw. 
 Nathaniel Silsbee. 
 Solomon Strong. 
 Ezekiel Whitman. 
 John Wilson. ' 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 I 
 
 Walter Leake."' 
 
 SEXATOKS. 
 
 REPRESEXT ATI V K. 
 
 George Poindexter. 
 
 Thomas H. Williams. 
 
 "Elected Speaker December 1, 1817. 
 6 Died November '23, 1.S17. having never taken his seat. 
 
 e Elected in place of William C. C. Claiborne, deceased in 1817; took his seat February 26, 181S. 
 <i Elected in place of Thomas B. Robertson, resigned: took his seat November 16. 1818. 
 «• Resigned in 1818. 
 /Took his seat November 17, 1818. 
 
 »Elected in place of Eli P. Ashmun. resigned, took his seat November 16, 181s. 
 /'TiKik hi-i M-rtt January 2. 1818. 
 
 t" Elect. -il in place of .\lbion K. Parris, resigned: took his seat November 16, 1818. 
 .?T<>ok his .seat February :?, IMS. 
 '''Took his seat .lanuary 21. l.sl.s. 
 ' Took his scat .lanuary 26. 1818. 
 1" Took his seat December 11, 1S17. 
 
72 
 
 CONORESSIONAI, DIRKCTORY. 
 
 Joroniinh Mason." 
 Davi.l L. Morrill. 
 
 Josinli Butlor. 
 Clifton ("lagott. 
 
 ^lalilon Hii-kiTson. 
 
 Epliraini Baleniaii. 
 Benjamin Ht-nnt't. 
 
 Kulus Kins 
 
 Oliver C t'onistoek. 
 Daniel Cnitier. 
 John I'. Cushman. 
 John K. Drake. 
 Benjamin Kllicott. 
 .losiali Ila.-'hrouck. 
 .lohn I IcrkinuT. 
 Thomas II. llnbbanl 
 William Irvinj;. 
 
 XKW IIAMPSIIIRK. 
 
 SENA Tons. 
 HKI'RKSKNTATIVE.S. 
 
 Salina Hale. 
 .\rtlmr l.ivt'rmore. 
 
 Xi:\V JEKSF.Y. 
 
 SENWTORS. 
 
 ItKI'KESEXTATlVES. 
 
 .Iose]>h ]?loonifiel<l. 
 Charles Kinsey. 
 
 NKW YnliK. 
 
 SEXATOHS. 
 ItEI'KESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Dorranee Kirtland. 
 Thomas Lawyer. 
 David A. Ogilen." 
 John Palmer. 
 James I'orter. 
 John Savasie. 
 Philii) J. Schuyler. 
 Tread well Sciidder. 
 John C. Speneer. 
 
 NiiRTIl CAKOI.IN.V. 
 
 Clement Storer. '> 
 
 John !•'. I'arrott. 
 Nathaniel rjihani. 
 
 James J. Wilson. 
 
 John lyinn. 
 Henrv Southard. 
 
 Xathan Sanlonl. 
 
 Henry K. Storrs. 
 James Tallnia<lj;e, jr 
 J..hn W. Taylor. . 
 Caleb Tomkins. 
 (ieorL'e Townsend. 
 Peter II. Wendover. 
 Rens.selaer Westerlo. 
 James \V. Wilkin. 
 Isaac Williams. 
 
 Xathaniel Maoon. 
 
 Mont ford Stokes. 
 
 John II. P>ryan. 
 William Davidson.'' 
 Wehlon N. Kdwards. 
 Charles Fisher; ' 
 Daniel M. Forney. .'' 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Thoma.s H. Hall. 
 Georpe Muniford.f/ 
 James Owen, 
 lyenuiel Sawver. 
 Thomas Settle. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 Jesse Slocumh. 
 James S. Smith. 
 James Stewart.'' 
 Felix Walker. 
 Louis Williams. 
 
 Jeremiah Morrow. 
 
 Levi Barber. 
 Philemon Beecher. 
 
 .\bner Laeock. 
 
 William Anderson. 
 Henry Bal<lwin. 
 .\ndrew Boden. 
 I.siac DarliTurton. 
 Jose] ill Heister. 
 Joseph no|ikinson. 
 Jacob Hoslett«-r. ./' 
 Samuel l>. In^rhain..'' 
 William Maclav. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATI V ES. 
 
 John W. Campbell. 
 William Henry Harri.son. 
 
 PKNXSYLVANIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 ItEPRRSENTATI V KS. 
 
 William p. Maclav. 
 Daviil Marchand. 
 Robert Mofire. 
 Samuel Moore. '' 
 John Murray. 
 .Mexandi'r Ofi\i?. 
 Thomas Patterson. 
 Levi Pawling. 
 Thomas J. HoL'ers. ' 
 
 Benjamin Rujreles 
 
 Samuel Herriek. ' 
 Peter Hitchcock. 
 
 Jonathan I\olH>rts. 
 
 John Ross. / 
 John Serfieant. 
 Adam .S-yberV 
 Jacob Spaii^der..'' 
 Christian Tarr. 
 James M. Wallace. 
 John Whiteside. 
 Wilham Wilson. 
 
 nneslgncdln 1817. „ , , ,„,, 
 
 ''EU'c-tol III pIiiiH' (if .IiTi'iiiiiili MaM.ii, ri-iKiii-.l: l<»ik his sent net'omiKT 1, isi7. 
 ••TcH>k Ills sent .liiiniiirv s. isis. 
 
 'iKliri.-il ill piuioif Haiiiil M. Foriicv. ri'siRiieO: tiMik liis scat Pwciiiikt J, 1«18. 
 <■ Kliclci in place ot Gi;or(fi- Mimifonl. dccuiisod; ti»ik lils seal Ftlinmry II, ISI9. 
 
 / K.«ll.'Tl.<\ ill ISIN. 
 
 i;rili-.l Ili-ccnilMT 31. ISIS. 
 'iTiiok liis sinl .laminry Ji'i. isis. 
 
 /Kli'cilon iMiMUTcs**niltv coiitcslcil hv T. Hiiniindiid. 
 
 JEliMliMl ill pluiiMif .Iiiciili spHintlcr. rcsiKiiciI: look hissentSovcmbcrlli, ISl.x. 
 
 *• Elected In place i>( Snnuiel Ii. hiKhaiii. rcsiitned; took liis seal November 10, IMS. 
 
 ' Eleoleil In iilnce ct .Inliii r(o«s, resigned, iixik his sent Manli -M. Isis, 
 
FIFTEENTH CONGRESS. 
 
 73 
 
 James Burrill, jr. 
 John L. T>iM't-, jr. 
 
 John Gailliu-d.'' 
 
 Joseph Bellinger. 
 Elias Earle. 
 James Erwin. 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 , SENATORS. 
 
 REPKESENT.VTIVES. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SEN.\TOES. 
 REPKE.SEXT.\TIVES. 
 
 William Lowndes. 
 Henry Mifhlletoii. 
 Stephen D. Miller. 
 
 William Hunter. 
 
 James B. JIason. « 
 
 William Smith. 
 
 Wilson Nesbitt. 
 Eldred Simkins. ' 
 Starline Tucker. 
 
 George W. CampbelL' 
 John Henry Eaton. <" 
 
 William G. Blount. 
 Tiiomas Claiborne. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 SE.N.VTORS. 
 EEI'RESEXT-\TIVE.S. 
 
 Samuel Hogg. 
 Francis Jones. 
 
 John Williams. 
 
 George W. L. jNIarr. 
 John Rhea. 
 
 Dudley Chace. / 
 James Fisk.!/ 
 
 Heman Allen.'' 
 Samuel C. Crafts. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 SEX.\TOES. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William Hunter. 
 ( Irsamus C. ^lerrill. 
 
 William A. Palmer.'' 
 Isaac Tichenor. 
 
 Charles Rich. 
 Mark Richards. 
 
 James Barbour. 
 
 Archiljald Austin. 
 William Lee Ball. 
 Philip P. Barbour. 
 Burwell Bassett. 
 William A. Burwell. 
 Edward Colston. 
 John Floyd. 
 Robert S. ( ianiett. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Petersen Goodwin../ 
 James Johnson. 
 William J. Lewis. 
 William ^IcCoy. 
 Charles F. JMercer.^' 
 Hugh Nelson. 
 Thomas M. Nelson. 
 Thomas Newton. 
 
 John W. Eppes. 
 
 John Pegram. « 
 James Pindall. 
 James Pleasant.*. 
 Ballard Smith. 
 Alexander Smyth. 
 George F. Strother. 
 Henry St. George Tucker. 
 John'Tvler. 
 
 ALABAMA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 John Crowell.'" 
 ILLINOIS TEKKIT( )RY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Nathaniel Pojie. 
 MISS(.)URI TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEG.VTE. 
 
 John Scott. 
 
 "Took his seat .laniinry 9, 1818. 
 b President pro tempore. 
 
 (■Took his seal February y, 1818; reelected .March 31, l.sis. 
 rl Resigned in 1818. 
 
 I- Appointed in place of George W, Campbell, resigned; took his seat Xovember li'i, ISIS. 
 /Resigned in 1817. 
 
 (I Elected in place of Dudley Chace, resigned; took his seat December 1, 1817; resigned in 1818. 
 'i Elected in place of James Fisk, resigned; took his seat Noyember 16, 1818. 
 '■ I'^lected President pro tempore February Id, 1819. 
 J Died February 21. 1.S13. 
 
 A: Election nnsuccessfully contested by .\rmistead T. Mason. 
 
 ' Eleeled in place of Peterson Goodwin, deceased; took bis scat Xoyenibi-r li;, Isls, 
 "' Took his seat March 9. Isis. 
 
SlXTKENTl 1 CONG HESS. 
 
 l-'ii-Kl ni'sxliiii, from Decemlier 6, ISIU, In Mmi 1.',, 1S20. Smmil ncmon, from Xoi ember IS, ISSO, to Marrh 
 
 ■1. ISJl. 
 
 Vife-l'nsiilenl. — l)AXif;i, 1). Tomi'KIX.s, of Xow York. J'rcsidenls of the Soiate prn trmpore. — Jamkm 
 BARBont, (if Virginia; Jonx (iaii.laui), of .South Carolina, elected January 25, 1820. Sirretani of the 
 Semite. — CiiAHi.i->i Citts, of Now Manipsihire. 
 
 SjMvker.ioftlielloii.'ie. — Hexky C'i.ay, of Kentucky; Jonx W. Tayi.oh, of New York, elected Noveni- 
 l)fr 15, 1820. Clerk- of the Jluuxe. — Tiio.mas IIouoiiekty, of Kentucky. 
 
 William U. Kins," Caliawlia. 
 
 .\I,.\r..\MA. 
 
 SEXATORS. 
 UKruK-sKXTATIVE. 
 
 .Ic.lin W. Walker.'' Iluntsville. 
 
 .lohn Crowell, * Pt. Stephens. 
 COXXKCTICCT. 
 
 .SKXATOllS. 
 
 Samuel W. Dana, MiiMletnu ii. 
 
 KKI'HKSEXTATIVE,". 
 
 Henry W. IMwanls, New Haven. 
 Samuel A. Foot, Cheshire. 
 Jonathan t). Moselev, Ka.«t Haddani. 
 Elisha I'helps, Sinisbury. 
 
 DKLAWARK. 
 
 SKXATORS. 
 
 Outerliridjie Horsey, Wilmington. 
 
 UKPKl-SEXTATIVKs. 
 
 Willar.l Hall.' Dover. 
 
 (;K()H(iIA. 
 
 SEXATOR.S. 
 
 John KlliMlt, Smiliury. 
 
 liEI'RE.SEXTATIVES. 
 
 Joel .\liliot, Wa.'ihintrton. 
 Thomas W. Cohli, Lexington. 
 Joel Crawford, Milledgeville. 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 SKNATOHS. 
 
 Niiiian I'.dwards, Kilwanl.-'ville. 
 
 James Lamiian. Norwich. 
 
 John Kuss, llarllnrd. 
 James Stevens, Staiiilnrd. 
 (iideon Tomlinson, Fairlield. 
 
 Nicholas Vail Dyke. .Newi'a.stle. 
 Louis M( l^uu'. \\'iliiiiii;.'li>ii. 
 
 Freeman Walker,'' .\uiru.«ta. 
 
 John \. Cuthliert. Kalonton. 
 K<iliert K. Keid, .\iigu8ta. 
 William Terrill. Sparta. 
 
 Jes.se H. Thoina.s, Kdwaiilsville. 
 
 KEIMIEMENT.KTIVE. 
 
 Daniel I*. Cook, Kaskuskia. 
 
 nTcKik lilBwnt December !fj, 1«19. 
 
 I'TiHik hW-.nt I iMiilMr II. islii. 
 
 •• I{i'«li.'m'<l .liiiiniirv '."-J. Is21. 
 
 •iKIiTiiil ill iiliiiv (.f .liilin K(ir«ytli. re^lmieil Felmiary. ISIK: Iwili hl« .vttil KiMfiiiU-r !.'•. IMS. 
 
 71 
 
SIXTEENTH CONGRESS. 
 INDIANA. 
 
 75 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 James Noble, Brnnkville. 
 
 Waller Tavlor, Viiieennes. 
 
 REPRESEXT.\TIVE. 
 
 William ITenilricks, Madison. 
 KI':XTrCKY. 
 
 SENWTORS. 
 
 Richard M. Johnson," Great Crossinsrs. 
 William Logan.* 
 
 UEI'RESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Kic'hard (.'. Anderson, jr., Louisville. 
 William Brown, Cynthiana. 
 Henry Clay,'< Lexington. 
 Benjamin Hardin, Bardstown. 
 Francis Johnson, •' Bowling Green. 
 Alney McLean, Greenville. 
 
 Isham Taltiot, '' Frankfort. 
 
 Thomas Metcalfe, Carlisle. 
 Thomas ^lontgomerv, .'' Stanfon 
 Tunstall Quarles. '' 
 George Robertson, Lancaster. 
 David Trimble, Mount Sterling. 
 David Walker, a 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 James Brown, New f)rleans. Henry Johnsipn, Donaldsonville. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Thomas Butler, St. Francisville. 
 MAINE. 
 
 SEN.VroKS. 
 
 John Chandler,/' Monmouth. John Holmes,'' Falmouth. 
 
 KKPHESENTATIVE. 
 
 Joseph Dane, ' Kennebunk. 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 Alexander C. Hanson. ■> 
 Edward Lloyd, Easton. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Stevenson Archer, Belair. 
 Thomas Bayley, Princess Anne. 
 Thomas Culljreth, Denton. 
 Joseph Kent, Bladensburg. 
 Peter Little, Freedom. 
 
 William Pinknev.^' Baltimore. 
 
 Raphael Neale, Leonardtown. 
 Samuel Ringgold, Hagerstown. 
 Samuel Smith, Baltimore. 
 Henrv R. Warfield, Middlelmrv. 
 
 11 Elerteci in place of John J, Crittenden, re.sig-neil March 8, 1819; took liis scat January S, 1S'21). 
 
 I' Resigned in 1820. 
 
 1" Elected in place of William Logan, resigned: took his seat November 27. IS'io. 
 
 1' Elected Speaker December 6. 1819. and resigned October 28, 1820. 
 
 <■ Elected in place of David Walker, deceased; took his seat November i:S, l.s20. 
 
 / Elected in place of Tunstall Quarles, resigned; took his seat November 13. 1.S20. 
 
 a Died March 1, 1820. 
 
 ft Took his seat November 13, 1.S20. 
 
 1' Elected in place of John Holmes, elected Senator; took his seat December 11. 1S20. 
 
 i Died April 23. 1819. 
 
 * Elected in place of .\lexandcr (.'. Hanson, deceased: took his seat January 4, IS20. 
 
7rt 
 
 (•(>N(iKKSSI()NAI. KIKKCTOKY. 
 
 MASSACIirsKTTS. 
 
 SKSATdHS. 
 
 I'lviiliss Mcllfii." 
 
 Klijali II. Mills,'' N()rlluuu|>((>ii. 
 
 KKI'RESRXTATIVEs. 
 
 Bciijniiiiii Ailaiiis, rxluidm'. 
 SrtiuiU'K'. Allvii, Ndillilii'M. 
 .losliiui (,'iishrimii. 
 Kclwaiil Diiwse." 
 William Kustis, '' lioston. 
 Wiillcr K(il;;cr, jr., Xaiitiu'ki't. 
 Tiinntliy FulU'r, liust.m. 
 Hfiijaniin (iorliaiii/' IJitstun. 
 Mark I.. Mill. 
 Aaniii IIol)art. ' 
 John Holine.-i. « 
 Jiinas Keiulall, Kcuiiiiiister. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 SFNATl)r(.<. 
 
 Daviil IlnliiK'f^,.'' Wa.-iliinjitdii. 
 \\ altii- Leake." 
 
 11 a nisi in (iijn" (Mis, r.oston. 
 
 Martin Kirisli-y. 
 
 Samuel Latliroji, West .<]iriiii.'tielci. 
 
 Kniu'h I.iiicdhi. 
 
 Ji)iiatliaii Ma.sim." 
 
 Marriis Murtiui, Taunton. 
 
 Jeretiiiali Nelson, Nevvburyport. 
 
 James Parker. 
 
 Zaliiliel Kimp.son. " 
 
 Henry Shaw, I^ineslKiro. 
 
 Nathaniel Silshee, .'^alem. 
 
 Ezekiel Whitman. 
 
 Thomas II. Williams, Washington. 
 
 HICPRE.SBXTATIVB. 
 
 Christopher Kankin, Natchez. 
 NKW IlA.MPSIIlliK. 
 
 SEXATOHS. 
 
 Daviil 1.. Morrill, (ioffstown 
 
 John F. Parrott, Portsmoutli. 
 
 HKl'lii:si;NTATIVI> 
 
 Joseph Buffmn, jr., Westmoreland. 
 Josiah Butler, South Deerfielil. 
 Clifton Clagett, Amherst. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SEX.VTOIi.s. 
 
 Malilon Diekerson, Suekasnnny. 
 Samuel I.. Southanl.* 
 
 kepki>;en"tativi>. 
 
 Ephraim Bateniaii, Cedarville. 
 Joseph Bloomtield, Bnrlin^'ton. 
 Charles Kinsey, ' Paterson. 
 
 Arlhnr Ijvermore, Plvmouth. 
 William I'himer, jr., Eppiti};. 
 .Nathaniel I'pham, Koehester. 
 
 James J. Wilson,'' Trenton. 
 
 John Linn../ Monroe. 
 
 Bernard .'^mith, .New Brniiswiek. 
 
 Henry Southard, Baskini:rii|>:e. 
 
 NKW VdKK. 
 
 Rnfus KinR. 
 
 Nathan Saiiford. 
 
 Nathaniel .\llen. 
 Calel. Baker. 
 Walter Ciuse. 
 Kohert Clark. 
 Jaeol, II. De Witt. 
 John I). Piekinson. 
 John lav. 
 William I>. Ford. 
 Ezra C. (.Jross. 
 
 RErRESEXTATIVKS. 
 
 James (inyoii, jr.* 
 .\aron Ilai'klev, jr. 
 (ieor^e Hall, 
 .loseph .'^. Lyman. 
 Hi'iirv Meips. 
 Kolieit Monell. 
 llermamis Peek. 
 Nathaniel Pitcher. 
 Jonathan HichmoniL 
 
 Henry R. Storrs. 
 Randall S. Street, 
 James .^tron;;. 
 John W. Taylor.' 
 Calel) Tomkins. 
 Alherl 11. Tracy. 
 Solomon \'an Rensselaer. 
 Peter H. Wendover. 
 Sila-s Wood. 
 
 n Rciiuned ill 1820. 
 
 '•EIccIimI III pliuv of ProntlKS Molliii. nsiitnod: took hU sent DccomlHT 1. 1S20. 
 
 rklfi'ti'il in iiltici' of Kdwiinl IIuvvm-. rt*si>jiu-<l; iiMik lii-* .•^I'lii Novi'iiiluT 13. \KiO. 
 
 ''KU'clrit ill |ilii<-c lit .Idiiiitlitlli .Ma***!!!. rfsji:m'(l; lotili Ills sotit Nhvi'IiiIht "J". 1K20. 
 
 *• Kli'i'li'il in iiliirc lit /.iilHlirl Sniiipsiin. rcsi>;iiiil; tiHil; Iils soiit llfccinlHT is. l.H-JO. 
 
 /Kli'ili<l ill iiliiiiiif Wiilli'i l.ciil;i'. r<sii;tiiil; lin.k liis mniI XhvhiiIht 13. l-sj(i. 
 
 V iCIi'cte'l ill iiliu't- of Jiune." .1. Wilson, rusijL^iR'd; look his scut Kebruiiry 10, 1821. 
 
 A Ufslk-mil ill 1X21. 
 
 I Tisik Ills Mill Kclinmry Ifi, 1820. 
 
 Jliiiil .laniMirv .■>. 1S21. 
 
 * Sinicssfnllv I'onii'siiHl tlii- elcrtlon of Klieiicuor Snitiv look his wnl .Tiiiitiiiry 1 1. l-V-M. 
 
 I Klecled spnikiT Novcmlirr l.S. 1820, In pliicf ol Ili'iiry Cliiy, ri'slKnuil. 
 
SIXTEENTH CONGKESS. 
 
 77 
 
 Xathaniel Maron. 
 
 NORTH CAKOUXA. 
 
 SEXATOKS. 
 
 HEI'RESKXTATI VES. 
 
 Montfonl Stokes. 
 
 William S. Blackledge." 
 Hutchius C. Burton. 
 Jnlm Culpepper. 
 William Davidson. 
 Weklou N. Edwards. 
 
 (Charles Fisher. 
 Thi>mas H. Hall. 
 Charles Hooks. 
 Lemuel Sawyer. '' 
 Thomas Settle. 
 
 Jesse Slocumb. " 
 James S. Smith. 
 Felix Walker. 
 Lewis Williams. 
 
 IJenjamin Rujigles. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 REl'HESEXT.VTn'ES. 
 
 William \. 'rriml)le. 
 
 Philemon Beeeher. 
 Henrv Brush. 
 
 John W. Cami>liell. 
 Samuel llerrick. 
 
 Thomas R. Ross. 
 John Sloane. 
 
 PENNSYLYAXIA. 
 
 Walter Lowrie. 
 
 SEXATOR.S. 
 
 .Tonathan Roljerts. 
 
 Henry Baldwin. 
 Andrew Boden. 
 William Darlington. 
 Ueorge Dennison. 
 Samuel Edwards. 
 Thomas Fiirrest. 
 David Fullerton.'' 
 Samuel Gross. / 
 Joseph Heister.'' 
 
 KEPRESEXTATIV 
 
 Joseph Hemi)hill. 
 Jaeol> Hibshman. 
 Jamb Hostetter. 
 William P. JMaclay. 
 David llarchand. 
 Thomas G. aicCullough. 
 Roljert Moore. 
 Sa'mnel ^loore. 
 John Murrav. 
 
 Thoirias Patterson. 
 Robert Philson. 
 Thomas J. Rogers. 
 John Sergeant. 
 Christian Tarr. 
 Daniel Udree. ./' 
 James M. Wallace. 
 
 .Tames Bui-rill, jr.? 
 William Hunter. 
 
 Saumel Eddv. 
 
 KIIODE ISLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESEXT.VTIVES. 
 
 SOI'TH CAROLINA. 
 
 Nehemiah R. Knight.* 
 
 Nathaniel Hazard. '• 
 
 John Gaillard../ 
 
 •loseph Brevard. 
 Elias Earle. 
 James Ervin. 
 
 William Smith. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William Lowndes. 
 John McCreary. 
 James Overstreet. 
 
 Charles Pinekney. 
 Eldre<l Simkins. 
 Starling Tucker. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 ,Iohn Henrv Eaton. 
 
 Roliert Allen. 
 Henrv H. Brvan. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 HEPKESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Jolin Wi 
 
 Newton Cannon. 
 John Cocke. 
 
 Francis Jones. 
 John Rhea. 
 
 "Elected in place of .Tesse Sloeumb, deceased; took his seat Febru.nrv 7. 1S21. 
 
 (iTouk Ills scut March 2.i, 1S20. 
 
 <-Dicd December :;u, 1820. 
 
 rfResigiierl in IS2(I. 
 
 '■ iilecteil in place of David Fnllerton, resigned; took his seat Xoveinber 13, 1820. 
 
 / l-'lected in plac-c of .losepli Heister, resigned; took liis seat Jannary 8. 1821. 
 
 9 Dicii December 2'), 1X20. 
 
 /' Elected in place of lames Burrill, jr., deceased: took his seat .Taniiarv 20. 1.S21. 
 
 I Died DcccmlHT 17. 1S20. 
 
 J Elected jircsidcnt pro tempore January 25, 1820. 
 
78 
 
 CONORKSSIONAL UIKKCTOKY 
 VKUMiiNT, 
 
 William A. I'liliiicr. 
 
 Siiimiel C. C'riills. 
 Kzra Mwfh. 
 
 nrHainiiH ('. Merrill." 
 
 JaiiU'H Burthpiir. 
 
 Mark Alrxaii'lrr, 
 William S. An her. ' 
 William l.<-.. liall. 
 riiilip r. Harhour. 
 William A liunvcll./ 
 Jiilin Flovd. 
 R()l)i'rt S."(iarm'tt. 
 .loliii (,'. (iray.;/ 
 Ktlwanl IJ. ,l'ai'kw)ii.'' 
 
 SdIoiiiihi Sit)k'y."' 
 
 NKNATllHS. 
 ICKIMtKSKNT.lTIVh-S. 
 
 Uolliii ('. Mallary.'' 
 ( liarli-s Kiih. 
 .Mark Ki.luir.ls. 
 
 VIlUilMA. 
 
 SKN.VroKW. 
 
 Iciuic Ticlii'iiiir. 
 
 William Strmi);. 
 
 Janu'^i I'U'asaiits.'' 
 
 UEI'HKSKNTATIVBS. 
 
 .laini'i' Johnson. ' 
 .lanic.-i .Innes. 
 William McCoy. 
 Cliailcs V. MiTcer. 
 Tlioma.-< I,. Miiore. J 
 llii^'li Nelson. 
 'I'hnma.-' Newton. 
 Severn !•'. I'arker. 
 JanieH rimlall. ' 
 
 ai;k.\nsas tkkuitouy. 
 
 OKl.KliATH. 
 
 .lameH Womlson Hate.".' 
 
 Miciiii. AN ri:i;i;ii"(ii;Y. 
 
 llKl.KliATK.1. 
 
 .lames I'leasant.s.* 
 .Inlin Kanilnljili, 
 Uallard Smith. 
 Alexaniier Smyth, 
 (ieorge F. Str<jther. •' 
 (ieorirc TnekiT. 
 John Tyler. 
 
 Thonia.s \'. Sweariinjen. 
 Jared Williamn. 
 
 William W Ilind«e." 
 
 Missoi'Ui ri,i:i;i I'liKY. 
 
 111:1. ki;atk. 
 .hihn Scott. 
 
 •I Kli'ctlnn !<m'c<s.sfiillv conli'slcd liv Kotlin O. Miillnry. 
 
 (•Snc(i.>«fully loiilcstod llif I'liH'lloii <>( orsamuK C. MiTrlll; l<K)li Ills sent .liinuury H. 1S20. 
 '■ I're.'*iitent i»rn icmpitre. 
 
 <l Klcrtril In i>lii<o 111 .liiliii W. Kpiics. ro.sijrncd in IM'.I; limk Ms sunt IicceiuliiT U. 1S19. 
 "■KliH'ttMl in iiliicfiif .liimcs I'l0H.>unns, resigned; tocilt his soiU .Ininmry IK. IS'JO. 
 /Kiiil Keliruiirv 1(1, isjl. 
 
 « Kliitid in pliue of Jitnu'.o .liiluiwui. resiKned; took lil.s sent Novi'inlK-r l:i. I.SIM. 
 * Kli-eied in pliiii' of Jumes I'lndull, reslKiicil; took Ills sent N'oveintHT IS. isa). 
 ' KoiKiitil ill Is-U 
 
 J Klccted in iiliuv of licorito K. .strotlu-r, rcsljnieil: look liis «i'iit Novciiilii'r 1:1. lK.tP. 
 » Ki'slmieil in 1M9. 
 I Took liis siiu March :!. 1.'<2U. 
 
 1" Klei-lfil ill |ilmiof William \V. WoiidliridKO. rositfiied; look Ids s™i Noveiiilur JO. t.>>-Jl. 
 "Took his sual DccfmbLT 10, Isl'J; resigned in IS'JO. 
 
SEVENTEENTH CONGRESS. 
 
 FirKt xexxioii,from Drcimhir .7, 7,sv/, In M'li/ ,s', ISiiS. Second xesfiijjn, from Ocrrmber i?, 1S2^, to March .i, 1S33. 
 
 Vice-Prcmlent. — Daniel D. Tompkins, of New York. President of the Senate pro tempore. — John 
 Gaillard, of South Carolina; again electeil Fel)ruary 1, 1822, and again elected February 19, 1823. 
 Secretary of the Setiale. — CnAi{i,E.s (irTT.s, of New Hanipsliire. 
 
 S/ieakeroftlie/Toiixe. — Philii' P. Baruolr, of Virginia. ClerkKofth.eHov.se. — Thomas DoufUiERTV, 
 of Kentucky; JIattiiew St. Cl.vik Clakke, of Pennsylvania, elected December 3, 1822. 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 William Kelly." .Tohii W. Walker,'' Huntsville. 
 
 William K. King, Cahawba. 
 
 representative. 
 
 (iabriel Moore. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Elijah Boanliiiuii, Mtchlii'ld. .Tanuw Laniiian, Norwich. 
 
 REI'RESENTATI VES. 
 
 Noyes Barljer, Groton. John Kuss, Hartford. Gideon Tomlinson, Fairfield. 
 
 Daniel Burrows, HeVjron. An.sel .Sterling, Sharon. 
 
 Henry W. Edwards, New Havi-n. EbenezerStoddard, Wood.stock. 
 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Ciesar A. Rodney,'' Wilmington. Nicholas Van Dyke, New (Jastle. 
 
 RKPRESHXTATIVES. 
 
 Louis McLane, Wilmington. (I.Tsar .\. Rcjihiey, 'Wilmington. Daniel Rodney.'' 
 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 SENA'rORS. 
 
 .loliii Klliolt, Sunhury. Nicholas Ware, ' Riclmiorid. 
 
 KEPRESENTATIVHS. 
 
 Joel Abbot, Washington. George R. Gilmer, Lexington. Edward F. Tatiiall, Savannah. 
 
 Alfred Cuthbert. Robert R. Reid, Augusta. Wiley Thompson, Elberton. 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 N'inian Edwards, Edwanlsville. Jesse B. Thomas, Edwardsville. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Daniel P. Cook, Edwardsville. 
 
 " Kk'ctL'fl in plnce nf John W. Walker, resigned; toolc hi.s sent January 21, 1823. 
 i> Kesiffnefl December. IK'2'J. 
 
 '■Eluc'lert Senator, and toolt his seat January24. 1822; resigned January 27, 1823, having been appointed minisler to Buenos 
 AyreH. 
 '' ICleeted in plaee of Citsar A. Rodney, eleetcd Senator; toolc his seat December 2. 1822. 
 f Elected in plaee of Freeman Walker, resiKiiod in 1821; took his seat December 11. 1821. 
 
 79 
 
80 C"ON(niKSSU)NAL DIKKCTOKV. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 SKNATOHS. 
 
 Jauif!* Nolili', lliiMikvilU'. Waller Taylur, \ iih'4M1ik-s. 
 
 HKI'HKSKNTATIVKS. 
 
 W'illiani lli'iiilrirkM," Madiiiiin. .Imiatliaii .Ii'iiiiings. '' 
 
 KKNTll'KY. 
 
 m:natoh.s. 
 liiiliard M. .lulmHiii, (ircat ('|•(l^'slll^;s. Isliaiii TallMit, Frankl'nit. 
 
 UKI'RESEXT ATI V ES. 
 
 .lanios I>. liifrkt'iiridge. Thuiiias Metcalfe, Carlisle. .Icilin S. Smith, Iticliiiioiul. 
 
 lieiijaiuin llaiiliii, Bainlstowii. Tlioiiias MoiitirDiiiery, Stanfonl. I>aviil Triiiilile. Mount i^teriin);. 
 
 Kraneis .Inlmsoii, Bnwliiifj (ireeii. .\iitliiiiiy New, ICIktmi. Saiiiuvl II. Wiiodsdn, l.exiiiftlon. 
 John T. Jolmsoii, Cieorgetown. 
 
 l.oriSIANA. 
 
 SKNATORS. 
 
 James Brown, New drlenns. I lenry .loliniJon, l)onal<lsonville. 
 
 HKPHESEXTATIVE. 
 
 Josiali S. .lohnstoii, .Mexamlria. 
 MAINE. 
 
 SKNATOHS. 
 
 John Chaiiillc-1-, Monmoulli. .lolm Ih.lmes, .Mired. 
 
 HEI'HRSENTATIVKS. 
 
 Jnslma Cnsliman, Winslow. Klienezer lli-rrick. I.ewiston. I'.zekiel Whitman," Portland, 
 
 .loseph llaiie, KenneliiiMk. Mark L. Hill. l'hi|ip.>-liur<;. William 1). Williamson. ISanfjor. 
 
 Mark Harris,' rortland. Knoch Lineoln, I'aris. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 SESATtlRS. 
 
 Kdward Lloyd, lyiston. .'^amnel Smith, ' J$alliinore. 
 
 William I'inkney,'' Baltimore. 
 
 U El'H lisEXTATI V ES. 
 
 Thomas Bayley, Princess .\nn. Isaac Midvim.? Samnel Smith, ' Baltimore. 
 
 Jeremiah C'ansdeii, .'' I'.lkton. Hai>hael Xeale, Leonardstown. Henry K. Warlield, Middlehurg. 
 
 Joseph Ki'Ut. IMadenshur!;. .lohn Nelson, Frederick Town. Uobeft Wrijiht, Qiieenstowu. 
 
 IV'ter Little, Freeiloni. Philip KeeiL'' 
 
 JLVSSACHCSKTTS. 
 
 SE.NATOHM. 
 
 .lami's l.lovil. ' Harrison (irav Otis.J Bo.ston. 
 
 F.lijah II. Mills, Northampton. 
 
 HEPHESENTATIVKS. 
 
 Samuel ('. .\lleii, Norlhlield. Benjamin (iorhani, Boston, 
 
 (iidenn Barslow. Salem. Aaron lloluirl. Hanover. 
 
 Francis Baylies, Taimton. Sanuiel Uithrop, West S|irin»!liel<l. 
 
 Lewis Bi«elow, Peteivhani. .leremiah Nelson, NewhiiryiH)rt. 
 
 Henry W. Dwi;;hl. Stockhridjie. John HtH'd, Yarmouth. 
 
 William laistis, Boston. .loiiathan Kustt-ll, Mendon. 
 Timothy Fnller, Boston. 
 
 ' UoslKiii'fl In i(f.'2. 
 
 '•Klotol 111 iiliiic n( Willliiin Hi'iiilrick.i. re.«l(mfd: tcvik hN wat lUrcmlMT '.'. DfJi. 
 
 ■ Kliiliil ill |ilnii' ii( K/ckli'l Wliltiiitiii. ri'slKTii'd; Iixik UN ni'iil IVinnliiT '.'. ISJi. 
 
 (fjiitHl Kclinmrv ".Vi. IS-J. 
 
 • V1-.....1 - Ml pliiiiiif WllMiiiii I'lnknrv. ilnni'icd; limk Ills hmC Dfci'iiilnr 17. Isi-J. 
 
 ' i!lv .■..Iltc»U-.l liv I'lllilp Kwil. 
 
 1 Sainnil Siiilili. rUii.il Sniiilor: lixik Ills will Jniiiiiirv s. isai. 
 
 - -Ivil Ihr tli-ciliiii lit .lin'iuliili CiiiiwU'li; took his seal Mnrch 'Ai. ISi!. 
 
 1 1..I 111 i.liiifof llurrisuii Ciru.v Oils, roslsncd; UKik liiswul IU'WiiiIkt '.', l.«i. 
 t: ■^-■in.'UJuut', Itfll. 
 
SEVENTEENTH (CONGRESS. 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 81 
 
 SENATOns. 
 
 Puvi.l llnll 
 
 \\';iMliiiit;t(iii, 
 
 ThuiuaH II. 'WiHianis, Washington. 
 
 Haviil Hiirton, St. Louis 
 
 KKI'RKSENTATIVK. 
 
 Cliri.stiiplujr Kiuikiii, Natchez. 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 SKNATORS. 
 
 TluiiiiaH II. Ronton, St. LouLs. 
 
 UKI'UKSHXTATIVE. 
 
 .Tolm Scntt, St. < u'lu'vicve. 
 NEW IIAMPSIIIKi;. 
 
 SKXATOK.x. 
 
 Haviil I.. Morrill, ( loffstcjwu. 
 
 .Io.«iali Butler, South Deerlield. 
 Matthew Harvey, Ilopkiiitou. 
 Aaron Matsoii, Keene. 
 
 UHl'UHSEX'TATIVlCS. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 .HENATOH.S. 
 
 Maliloii liickcrson, Suckasuuuy. 
 
 Kjihraiiu Bateuiau, Ix'ud.sville. 
 George Cansedy, Ilaekensack. 
 Lewis CV)U(iict, Morristown. 
 
 Kul'u.« Kin", New Yoik. 
 
 HK1'KESKNTATIVK.S. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 UEPRKSENTATI \ E.S. 
 
 Charles Borland, jr.," Wardsbridge. 
 Churchill ('. Canibreleng, New York. 
 Samuel Campliell, Columbus. 
 Cadwallader I). Colden,'' New York. 
 Alfred (.'onkliufx, Canajoharie. 
 .loliu I). Dickinson, Troy. 
 ,Iohn (u'bharil, Scoharie. 
 James Ilawkes, Kichlield. 
 Thomas II. Huliliard, Hamilton. 
 J<isc]ih Kirkland, I'tica. 
 Klisha Lilchlield, Helphi. 
 Richard i\Ic('arty, Cox.iackie. 
 John .1. Morgan, New York. 
 WMJIer Patterson, Livingston. 
 
 John F. Parrott, Portsmouth. 
 
 William I'lummer, Jr., Kpping. 
 Nathaniel Upham, Rochester. 
 Thomas Whipple, jr., Wentworth. 
 
 Samuel I,. Southard, Trenton. 
 
 George Ilolcomli, Allentown. 
 James Matlack, Woodbury. 
 Sanuiel Swan, Somerville. 
 
 Martin Xim Buren, Albanv. 
 
 Jeremiah II. Pierson. 
 Nathaniel Pitclier, Sandy Hill. 
 William H. Rochester, Bath. 
 Charles II. Rnggles, Kingston. 
 Elijah Spencer. 
 Micah Sterling, Watertown. 
 ■John AV. Taylor, Ballston Springs. 
 Albert H. Tracy, Buffalo. 
 Stephen Van Rensselaer, <■ Albany. 
 Solomon Van Ri'usselaer,'' .\lbany. 
 William W. Van Wyck, Fishkill. 
 Reuben II. Walworth, Plattsburg. 
 Silas Wood, Iltmtingdon. 
 David Woodcock, Ithaca. 
 
 NORTH CAROLl\.\. 
 
 SEN.YTOiiS. 
 
 Nathaniel Mai'on, Monroe. 
 
 KEPBESENT ATI VES 
 
 William S. Blackledge, Newbern. 
 IlntchinsC. Burton, Halifax. 
 Henry W. Conner, Falls Town, 
 .losiah Crudup, Raleiudi. 
 Welilon X. I'Mwards, Warrenlon. 
 Thomas H. Hall, Tarboro. 
 Charles Hooks, Duplin. 
 
 Montford Stokes, Wilkesboro. 
 
 John Long, Lindlvs Store. 
 Archibald McNeill, M'Neills Store. 
 Romulus M. Saunders, Milton. 
 Lemuel Sawyer. Elizabeth City. 
 Felix Walker, Waynesville. 
 Lewis Williams, Panther Creek. 
 
 « Elected in place of Selah Tutliill. (U-ceiisuil in 1821; tonk his sent r)cceinl>er 3, Idi'l. 
 '•Successfully contested the election r>f I'eter Sliiirpe; loiili his sent Deeemher 12, IS'.'l. 
 c Kleeted in place of Solomon Van Heusselaer, resigned: took his seat ^Iarc'h 12, IS22. 
 'I Resigned January M, 1822. 
 
 H. Doc. 45S — -6 
 
iS'J t uNdKlOSSKlNAI, DlKIXTHin . 
 
 (Hill). 
 
 ki:naii)|(.s. 
 
 Kllmii AlU'ii Hi-owii." Williiiii. \ Tiiiiilil.'.'' 
 Itrnjuniln Itiintfl"'", >^l. ('IiiiiNvill<\ 
 
 IlKI'HKCKNTAI'IVRs. 
 
 I.<'vi ItiirlxT, I'liiiil Ilarincr. 'riininiiH K. liosf', l><'liiiiii>n 
 
 •liiliii W. ( ';iiM|il"'ll. Wcsl riiiim. .loliri SliiniW'. WomsIit. 
 
 Diiviil ('IminlK'iT', /aiu'MvilU'. .luliii X'utuc, riliiinii. 
 
 I'KNNSY1.\ AMA. 
 
 KKXATOIC.M. 
 
 Williiiiii l^'iiiilli'V, l-iMukliiiloii. WiiltiT I.owrii', Hutli-r. 
 
 llKI'liKSKXTATlVIN. 
 
 llciii'v I'.ulilHin, I'ilislinij,'. Wllliiiiu .Milncu'. ■ I'liilailelnliia. 
 
 .Iiiliii Itriiwii, l.vw i.-liiwii. .lames S. Milclidl, Kosfvillc. 
 
 ■laiiH'.H Iliicliaimii, Laiii'n.-'tor. Saiiiiirl Mooic, ' I'nylcsliiHn. 
 
 WllliaiM I>ailiii;;tiiii, Wcxi Clicslcr. TlKiiiiaf Murray, jr., Miltmi. 
 
 (icoiyc |ii'iinisoM, Wilki'sharri'. TlKinia.-' Palli'ivnii, West .Miililli'luwii. 
 
 Siiiiiiii'l I'.ihvilicls, Clw.sli'f. .Iiilm I'liili|is, 1 liiiMiiii'l>l(i\vii. 
 
 raliiil; I'ai iilly, Miailv illi'. < ic(ii>;i' riuiiuT, linliUslnH ii. 
 
 .lolm I'iiiillay, rliaiiilii'r.-'lMirt;. Tliniiias.l. UnyiTs, [■^a.'-lciM. 
 
 'riiuiiias iMiiic.xt.'' .lului Sfiycaiil, l'liila(lcl|iliia. 
 
 W'allii' l'iit«aril. ' Aiiilii'w SIcwail. riiionl<i« n. 
 
 Saiimi'l (linss, 'I'nvi". .Iulm TimM, Itcilfdiil. 
 
 .Iiist-|i|i ilciMpliill, rlillail('l|>liia. IiaiiicI I'lhvf.!/ 
 
 Sainiii'l |i. Inu'liaiii. .'' Ltulwln WoriiiHii,'' rollslown. 
 .Iiuiit"' M'Slicny, I'l'lcr.-lnwv. 
 
 IJIlnj)!', l,vl,.\Nl.. 
 
 SKN Minis. 
 
 JaiMi^ h'W.ill, I'.iisl.ii. Ni'liriiiiali K. Kiii);lil, I'luviilflice. 
 
 HKI'H1>KM'M1VKS. 
 
 .Tiili huili'i', rivciloii. SaiMiirl I'Mily. I'iii\ iilniri'. 
 
 .^orril CAKiH.lNA. 
 
 .loliii ' laillaiil, ' I'lTullcloii. William ,><milli. I'iiuUiii'yvilliv 
 
 IlKrilKSKXTATlVKs, 
 
 .lamos lllair.'' Camili'ii. (ioor(.T M'liiiiru', I'.iljrcliclil. 
 
 .loliM (aiiiT. ' 'riiumas K. Milrlu'll. (mmiivi'Iiiwii. 
 
 .losc|>li ( lisl. riiickncyvilli'. .lamis OM-i-sln-i'l,'' Kiiii; Creek. 
 
 Aiulrew I;. iiuvaii.< .luel W. I'ninsell, Cliarli'slmi. 
 
 .lames llamilldii, jr.' Siarlirii; Tneker, Mumitiiiii Sln«ls. 
 
 William l.owinle.s. '■ .lolin Wilsmi, (MiMeii Cn.ve. 
 
 tknxk.><si:k. 
 
 sKN STUHS. 
 
 .I.iliii Henry ImiIom, Nashville. .Iiilin Williams, Knnwille. 
 
 KKI'liKSKNTATIVlCS. 
 
 l!nl>ert .\lleii, Cartilage. .Ii.lni Coeke, Hutledtv. 
 
 Ileiirv M. r.ryaii.'" I'almvra. iMlineis .Ii.nes. Wiiielie.ster. 
 
 Newliiu Caiiii'iiii, IIur|H'tii. .loliii Khoa, Sullivan. 
 
 nKli'i'liHl III |iliii'>' i>( Willliuil A. TrImliK', iU>c<<niit>i1: took 1ilaiH-nt Jiiniiiir)' l\ 1K2I. 
 MHi'.l Ii<'i'<'iiil»'r l:<. IK.'I. 
 r IU'hIkMi-iI til Iv-'J. 
 
 .iKlreif.l III I'll ii( WUIIaiii MlliKir, n-slitiu'il; leek IiIh soul Dpconibcr i, 1K22. 
 
 ■■ KliMl.'il III i.lii., i.f lli-iirv HiiMuili. ri'>li!iie.l; Umk lil« Mill IlisfliilMT'.'. IK-.'.'. 
 
 f KliHic.l III pli i.fSMiiiiiil MiHiri'. ri«l»;neil: loek lll^ win IVifiiitur ■-'. is*;. 
 
 u Kliile.l III |il i( l.ililMli; Weriimli. ilei-eiwil; leek Ills sen! Hi'iviiiIhT Jt. IR«. 
 
 /ilH.Hl III |sjj. 
 
 I Kliili-.! i.r.«liliiit iir.1 uiiiiKin- Kelininrv I, Isi".'. miil riliniiirv 11'. l>«Kt. 
 
 iKIieh'il III I'll' < 'f IjiliK"! Illillr. resliineil^ liHik lll> sciil IU'i'i-IIIIkt II. I!C2. 
 
 H'.li'il.'.l III ' Ml. '. iiviT"lr.ii. •\ iiMil. leok hlsviii Iiiii-nitxT'l. ISA'. 
 
 ' KliTliil In liiiii l.eHll.ll■^. ri'«lKiii'.l: I.Hik Ills M'lii .liinimry li. Isj;l. 
 
 " Ui'iHirli'<l : .liihi'U'iliil liy the I'.iiiiiiilili'f en KIci'lleii". Ki'bnmr.v 17. ISil, Inil u|i|>.'iir« luver te Imvf iiikiii 
 
 hbi M*Ht. 
 
aKVKNTKl'.NTJI I'uNUKKSS. H3 
 
 VKUMONT. 
 
 SKNATIIHS. 
 
 \Villi:iiii A, i'liliiiiT, liiiinilli'. IhifUlin ScyiMDiir, Miil<lli'l>ury. 
 
 KHI'UKMCS'IAI IV^:s. 
 
 Saiiiiicl ('. CraftH, Craft*<l)iiry. .I'>liii .Miillcicks. 
 
 ICliiiH KcycM, StiirkbridKe. Cliarltw Kicli, Sliorciiaiii. 
 
 Holliii C. Miillaiy, I'uultney. Phineas White, I'litiic-y. 
 
 V1I!(;I.\I A. 
 
 MONA'Icjris, 
 
 .laincH l!ail)oiir, liarlxiursvillc. .|(]liii Taylur.'' 
 
 Jaiiu'H IMcasaiits," (iooclilami ( '. II. 
 
 ItHl'UUSENTATIVI/^. 
 
 Miu-lc Alfxnn'lor, Lomlianlv (irovo. Thoinas Tj. Mnnro, Wiirrciitdii. 
 
 Williaiii S, Arclicr, Aiiiciiii'C. II. Ilnj.'li .Vclw.ii, .Miltuii. 
 
 W'illiaiM l.i'c Hall, .NiittH\illc. TlmniaH Nculiiii, Norlnlk. 
 
 rhilip !'. I'.arlH.ur, ' LuckctHvillc. .fnliii Kan<l(ilpli, Charlcilti' (!. M. 
 
 liiirwcll liartuctt, WilliaiiiHbiirt'. Arlliiir Smith, Siiiillilicld. 
 
 .(nhii KIdvcI, .Nc'whcrn. William Smith, lydiiiHburtr. 
 
 liohci-t S." Canictt, IJoydn. AicxaJuliT Smyth, Wythe. 
 
 Ivhvar'l II. ,Iacks<Mi, Clai'kHhurtr. Jamcn Stcphi'iiiJoM.'' 
 
 .faiiic.i ,l(iiuv, lli'ndcrHiiiivilli'. Andrew Slovciisdii, Kii'liiiKind. 
 
 .labcz Lcl'twich, Mhrrly. (Icurcc Tiirkiw, Lyiii-hlmrK. 
 
 William .Mr('<iy, l''rai]kliii. TlKima.- V. Swcariiiycii, ' SlicphcrdHtowii. 
 
 Churlca F. -Mercer, Aldic .larcil WillianiH, Newton. 
 
 AliKANSAS TKUIUTOKY. 
 
 mCl.KCATH. 
 
 .lami-H W. r>at(v, .' Arkaiiwi*". 
 KhOKIIlA TldiltnORY. 
 
 IJKI.KCiATK. 
 ,(n><'|ill M. I liTliaildcZ.f 
 
 \ll('ll|i.,\.V TKK'IMTOKY. 
 iiioi.iviiAri:. 
 SoloMiun Siljjcv, lii'iruil. 
 
 fi KcslKiicl 111 1R2'2. 
 
 ''IClccli'il in pluci' ot.IamcH I'loiwiiniB, rc'«li;iicil; luck tils neat IJeeember:*), ]W2. 
 
 <■ KU'cicil S|iciik(T IJecembcr 1. IH21. 
 
 '' IClcclc'd In pliu'c of Thoiniw V. .SivwirlnKOii. iUmmvisciI; tonk hlx Kent Dcc'i'ImIkt 2, IW2. 
 
 'IJleil in W^>. 
 
 /Elcf'tlfin iinHUccoHsfiilly (^inlcHtcrl by M. Lyon. 
 
 !/TooK hlMfi'nl Jdinuiry ':i. lM'2:i. 
 
EIGHTEENTH COXGRESS. 
 
 First urmon.frnin December 1, 182.1, tn Ma;/ 21, IS^Ji. iSecotiti »emmi,Jrom December 6, 18S4, to March 3, 182R. 
 
 ]'ife-]'rexide)U. — Daniel D. Tompkins, of New York. President of the Senate pro tempore. — John 
 
 G.Mi.i.Aun. of Soutli Carolina; asrain elected May 21, 1824. ISecretarii of the Senate. — Ch.\bles Ci'tts, of 
 New Ilaiiiii.-ihire. 
 
 .Spcdktr of llie llim.li: — IIenky Cl.\y, of Kentucky, ('terh <»;" llie Iliiune. — AfArriiKw St. Claik 
 Clarke, of Peniisvlvania. 
 
 ALABAMA 
 
 SEXATOUS. 
 
 WilliaiM K.'lly. 
 
 John McKi'c, Tiiscaloona. 
 (iabriel 1'. Moore, lluntsville. 
 
 William U. Kiii;;, Caliawlja. 
 
 REPRESEXTATIVKS. 
 
 Georjte W. Owen, Clailwrne. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 SEXATOR.S. 
 
 F.lijali r.iiardman. " 
 
 lleni'V \V. Ivlwaiils', '' New Haven. 
 
 James Lanruan, Norwich. 
 
 Noyes Barber, (iroton. 
 Samuel A. Foot, Cheshire. 
 Ansel Sterling, Sharon. 
 
 REPRESENT ATI VEJi. 
 
 DF.L.WVARK. 
 
 Ehenczer Stoddanl. Woodstock, 
 (iideoii Tiimlinson, Fairlield. 
 J.emuel Wliitiuan, Farmington. 
 
 SEXATOUS, 
 
 TliMtii;iv ( 'I:iv1mii 
 
 Nicholas Van Kvke. '' 
 
 KE1'KE.SEXTATIVK. 
 
 l..ouis Mcl.aiic, WiliiiiiitrtoM. 
 
 UKtniOIA. 
 
 SKXATOHS. 
 
 Thomas W. Cohh, ' (ireenslHin 
 .lohn F.lliolt, Snnlmrv. 
 
 UKPKESKXTATIVI-:; 
 
 .Iiiel .MilKit, Washiniilon. 
 (icorj.'!- Carey, .Vpiplinj;. 
 Thiiiiias W. Colli)," Cireensboro. 
 Alfreil Cuthliert, Eatoutun. 
 
 Nichohus Ware,.' liichmond. 
 
 John Fiirsyth, .\u>rusta. 
 Ivlward F. Tatnall,!/ Savannah 
 Wiley Tliiini|)si)n. F^llerlon. 
 Kichiinl llenrv Wilde.'' 
 
 .iDiril DcliiliirS, l(fJ3. . 
 
 ''.\Ii|"aiiHMl ill pliiwiif Klijali Bonnlmiiii. iUiwimcI in 1HJ3; iMi>k liis snit Dciiinlirr I, 1S-J3: Hilwi-iiui'iilly i-lcctt'«l l>.v tbu 
 Ii-ei-litlnrc. 
 
 I . i.-.i ill )iliir.' i.f c.i.siir A. Kixliiuy, ri-»lgm-<l lii ls-.':i. i.kiIj Ii1< scut Jiimiury !.'•. Is-.M. 
 ■ 1.1. ills will .liiiiiiurv U.1.S-.M. 
 
 I 1. c lid In plilii' lit .Nirllnlns Wiirv. (Iwi'lL-H'cIl tiKik IiIk sciU IVl'lMllliiT (<. IS'.M. 
 ' r....k Ills «.iil .liinimrv I'.i. l.s.M: illril Si'plfiiilHT 7, is-.'l. 
 .<l,...k IiKm-iiI .Miiri-li--'7. IS21. 
 
 H. , ii.l in pliic.' i>( Tli.imii> W. (Villi., i-li-clc<l Svmitor; l<K>k lil» wnt Ki'linmry -.W&. 
 
 S4 
 
EIGHTEENTH CONGKESS. 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Ninian Efhvards," EdwarJsville. 
 .John ili'Lean. '' 
 
 Jesse B. Thomas, Edwardsvillo. 
 
 REPHESEXTATIVE. 
 
 Daniel P. Cook, Edwardsville. 
 
 85 
 
 James Noble, Brookville. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Jonathan Jennings, Charleston. 
 William Prince, '- Princeton. 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 SEN.iTORS. 
 Ricliard M. Johnson, (ireat Cro.ssings. 
 
 "Waller Taylor, Vincenncs. 
 
 John Test, Brookville. 
 Jacob Call,'' Princeton. 
 
 Isham Tallxit. Frankfort. 
 
 R Kl'RESENT ATI VES. 
 
 Richard \. Bnckner, Greensburg. 
 Henrv Clav, f Lexington. 
 Robert P. Henry, Hopkinsville. 
 Francis Johnson, Bowling Green. 
 John T. Johnson, Georgetown. 
 Robert P. Letcher, Lancaster. 
 
 LOITISI.'VNA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Dominiqne Bouligny. / 
 James Brown.;/ 
 
 RKrRESK.NTATlVES. 
 
 William L. Brent, St. Martinsville 
 H. IL Giirley, Baton Rouge. 
 
 John Chandler, :\Ioumouth. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 SEN.VTORS. 
 ki;i'RESE.N'T.\TIVES. 
 
 AVilliam Burleigh, South Berwick. 
 Joshua Cushman, Winslow". 
 Ebenezer Herrick, Bowdoinham. 
 David Kidder, Norridgewock. 
 
 Thoma.s Metcalfe, Carlisle. 
 Thomas P. Moore, Ihirrodsburg. 
 Philip Thoiiipsou, Yellow Banks. 
 Daviil Trind)le, ^Iouut Sterling. 
 David White, New Castle. 
 Charles A. AVickliffe, Bardstown. 
 
 Henry Johnson,'' Donaldsville. 
 Josiaii S. Johnston. ' 
 
 Edward Livingston, New Orleans. 
 
 John Holmes, Alfred. 
 
 Enoch Lincoln, Paris. 
 Stephen Longfellow, Portlaud. 
 Jeremiah O'Brien. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 Edward Llovd, Easton. 
 
 William Ileywavd, jr., Easton. 
 Joseph Kent, Bladensburg. 
 John Lee, Petersville. ^ 
 
 Peter Little, Freedom. 
 Isaac McKim, Baltimore. 
 
 SENATOR.'*. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Samuel Siuith, Baltiuiore. 
 
 George E. Mitchell, Elkti>ii. 
 Raphael Neale, Leonardstown. 
 John H. Spence, Poplartown. 
 Henrv R. AVartielil, .Middlcljurg. 
 
 a Resigned March -l.lS'ii. having htvn appointed minister to Mexico. 
 
 i> Elected in phice of Ninian Edwards, resigned; toolv his seat December 20, 1824. 
 
 (■Died in 1824. 
 
 <> Elected in place of William Prinix', deceased ; took )iis seat December 23, 1X24. 
 
 ('Elected Speaker December 1. 1823. 
 
 f Elected in place of Henry .Johnson, resigned; took his seat December 21. 1.S21. 
 
 »Kcsii;nril Diii mber 10, 1823, having been appointed minister to France. 
 
 fi Resigned in 1824. 
 
 "Elected in place of James Brown, resigned; took his seat March 12. 1824. 
 
86 
 
 CONORESSIONAI. I'l KKCTnUV. 
 MASSACIIISKXTS. 
 
 Jallu•^' I.lnvil, Hiistiiti. 
 
 KKNATOHm. 
 
 UKl'lIKMKNTATIVE.-.. 
 
 Saiiuii'l ('. Alli'ii, < ii'fi'ii. 
 .Idliii liaili'V," (aiitdii. 
 KraiiciH Itaylics. Tanntcni. 
 Heiij. W. Crinvniii.-iliicld. Salem. 
 lU-iirv W. I)\\i>.'lit. Stdckliriilgc. 
 Tiiiiiitliy KiiUt'i', Boston. 
 Aaron Iloliart. Hanover. 
 
 MISSISSII'I'I. 
 
 .sKNAIoHs. 
 
 liavici lloliiu'.'i, \Vasliins;tnii. 
 
 I'.lijali Hnnt Mill;^, Norllianipton. 
 
 Saninel Latlirop, Wist ."^prin^lk-lil. 
 
 Jolin l.oikc, .\slil)y. 
 
 Jeremiah Nelson, Ne\vlmry|Kirt. 
 
 John Heeil. Yorniontli. 
 
 Jona.s Sililey, Worcester. 
 
 Daniel Wehster, Boston. 
 
 Thonia« H. Williams, Wasliinjjrlon. 
 
 KKI'HKSKNTATIVK. 
 
 Christojilur Uankin, Natchez. 
 MlSSdlKI. 
 
 David Barton, St. l^ouis. 
 
 SK.NATOHS. 
 
 Thomas H. Benton. St. Louis. 
 
 lilM'KKSKXTATIVK. 
 
 ■lolin .'^(•ott. St. (ieiievieve. 
 
 Samuel Bell, Chester. 
 
 XKW IIA.MI'SUIKK. 
 
 SKXATOR.S. 
 KEI'KE.SE.\TATIVES. 
 
 Ichahoil Bartlett. Portsmouth. 
 .Mattliew Harvey, no|ikinton. 
 .\rthur I.ivermore. IMvinouth. 
 
 NKW JKRSEY. 
 
 SEN.\TOK.S. 
 
 Mahlon I'ickerson, Suckasunny. 
 
 George Caxseily, llaekensaek. 
 Lewis t'ondit, Morristown. 
 Daniel Garrison, Salem. 
 
 Kufus Kinn, New York. 
 
 UEl'RESENTATI V Es 
 
 NKW YttHK. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 ICEI'UESEXTATIVES. 
 
 I'arinenio .\dams, ■' Batavia. 
 
 John W. Caily, Johnstown. 
 
 Chnreliill ('. i'amhreleni;. New York. 
 
 l^it Clark, Norwich. 
 
 Kla Collins, Low ville. 
 
 Hector Craij.'. Clie.ster. 
 
 Kowland Day, Sinii«ronins. 
 
 Justin Dwinell, Cazeiiovia. 
 
 I^ewis Katon, Schi>harie Bridge. 
 
 (;liarles .\. Foote, Delhi. 
 
 Joel Frost, Carmel. 
 
 Slosts Havden, York. 
 
 John F. Parrott, Portsmouth. 
 
 Aaron Matson, Stoddard. 
 William Phinier, jr., K|)i)inji. 
 Thomas Whipjile. jr.. Weiitworth. 
 
 Joseph McDvaine,'' Burliiiiiton. 
 
 George Holeomh, Allentown. 
 James Jlatlaek, Woodlmry. 
 Samuel Swan, Sou'ierville. 
 
 Martin \'an Bnrcn, .Mhanv. 
 
 John Herkiiiier, DanulH\ 
 James L. Hogehoom, I'aslleton. 
 Lemuel Jenkins, Blooniinglmrg. 
 Samuel l.aw rence. Johnsons Settle- 
 ment. 
 Klisha Litchtield, Delphi. 
 Henry C. .Martindale. .Sui>ly Hill, 
 Dudley Marvin, Canandaigua. 
 John J. Morgan. New York. 
 John Kichards, Johnshurg. 
 Kol«-rt S. Ko.se, tieneva. 
 I'eter Shari>e, New York. 
 
 "Sral ilroliirerl vnranl MRroh 18. 1«24; cleoted. nnrt look lilsi scat Deoomlwr 13. 1824. 
 
 '• EleotiMl ill |ilii(f of )Sainiu-l I.. Sniitlmnl. ri'slKiii'd In IKSl: tiHik Ills sent Dcoi'mher 1, IKW. 
 
 ■ Siicci'vfiillv (•oiitC'»tiil till' uli'Ltliiri of Isiiiii' Wllliiiiiis; took Ills scat Jaiiuiiry 7, 1M4. 
 
EIGHTEENTH CONG BESS. 
 
 87 
 
 Henry R. Storrs, Whitestown. 
 James Stron<r, Hudson. 
 John W. Tavlnr, Ballston Springs. 
 Egbert Ten Evek, Watertown. 
 Albert H. Tracy, Buffalo. 
 Jacob Tvson, Castletown. 
 
 Stephen Van Rensselaer, Albany. 
 William Van Wyek, Fislikill. 
 Isaac Williams, ("oopertown. 
 Isaac Wilson," JMiddlel>urg. 
 Silas AVood, Huntingdon. 
 William Woods, Bath. 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 .Inlin Branch, Enfield. 
 
 SEN.VTORS. 
 
 KEI'RESENT.VTIVES. 
 
 Hutchins G. Burton.'' Halifax. 
 Henry W. Conner, Sherrills Ford. 
 John Culpepper, Lawrenceville. 
 Weldiiu N. Edwards, Warrenton. 
 Alfred AT. tiutlin, Edenton. 
 Thomas H. Hall, Tarboro. 
 Charles Hooks, Dublin. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 SEX.VTORS. 
 
 Benjamin Ruggles, St. Clairsville. 
 
 liEPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Mordecai Bartley, Mansfield. 
 Philemon Beecher, Lancaster. 
 John W. Camjibeli, West I'nioii. 
 John W. (iazUiy, Cincinnati. 
 Duncan McArthur, Chillicothe. 
 William McLean, Piciua. 
 John Patterson, St. Clairsville. 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Wi 
 
 Findlev, Franklinton. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 James Allison, Beaver. 
 Samuel Breck, Philadelphia. 
 John Brown, Lewistown. 
 James Buclianan, Lancaster. 
 Samuel Edwards, Chester. 
 William Cox Ellis, Muncy. 
 Patrick Farrelly, ^leadville. 
 Jc.hn Findlay, Chandjersburg. 
 Walter Forward, Pittsburg. 
 Rolieit Harris, Hari'isliurg. 
 Joseph Hemphill, Pliiladelphia. 
 Samiiel D. Ingham, New Hope. 
 George Kremer, Lewisburg. 
 Samuel McKean, Burlington. 
 
 Nathaniel Macon, Moni-oe. 
 
 John Long, Lindleys Store. 
 Willie P. Manguni, Hillsboro. 
 George Outlaw. '' 
 Romulus M. Saunders, Milton. 
 Ric-hanl D. Sjiaiglit, Newbern. 
 Robert B. Vance. Nashville. 
 Ijcwis Williams, Panther Creek. 
 
 Ethan Allen Brown, Cincinnati. 
 
 Thomas B. Ro.ss, Lebanon, 
 .lohn Sloane, Wooster. 
 Joseph Vance, Urbana. 
 Samuel F. Vinton, Gallipoli.s. 
 Elisha AVhittlesey, Canfield. 
 William Wilson, Newark. 
 John T. AVrigbt, Steubenville. 
 
 Walter Lowrie, Butler. 
 
 Philip S. ilarkle\', Norristown. 
 
 Daniel II. Miller". 
 
 James S. Mitchell, Roseville. 
 
 Thomas Patterson, West Middletown. 
 
 George Plumer, Robbstown. 
 
 Thoma.s J. Rogers, 'J Easton. 
 
 Andrew Stewart, tlniontown. 
 
 Alexander Thomson,'' Bedford. 
 
 John Todd,* Bedford. 
 
 Daniel Cdree, Reading. 
 
 Isaac Wayne, Warren. 
 
 Henry Wilson, AUentown. 
 
 James AVilsou, Fairfield. 
 
 George Wolf, • Easton. 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 James D'Wolf, Bristol. 
 John I)urfec, Tiverton. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 RE1>KESEXTATI\'ES. 
 
 Nehemiah R. Knight, Providence. 
 Samuel ICddv, Providence. 
 
 Joiui ( laillard, ./' Pendleton. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 REI'RESENT.^TIVES. 
 
 R(ibert E. Campbell, Brownsville. 
 John Carter, Camden. 
 Joseph Gist, Pinckneyville. 
 Andrew R. Rox'an, Orangeburg. 
 James Hamilton, jr., Charleston. 
 
 Robert Y. Hayne, Charleston. 
 
 George McDuflie, EdgetleUl. 
 Joel R. Poin.sett, Charleston. 
 Starling Tucker, ^Mountain Shoals. 
 John Wilson, Golden Grove. 
 
 (t Election safely contested bv I'arnienio Adams. 
 
 '' Resigned in 1824. 
 
 '■ KIccted in place of Hutcliins G. Burton, resigned; took his seat January 19, IS'25. 
 
 <' Elected in place of John Todd, rcsiKued: took his seat December 6, 1824. 
 
 1' Elected in place of Thomas J. Rogers, resigned; took his seat December U, 1824. 
 
 /President pro tempore; reelected May 21, 1824. 
 
88 
 
 CONORKSSIdNAI, DIRECfORY. 
 TKNXKSSKK. 
 
 SKXATDUS. 
 
 .Iniiii llcniv I'.utiin. Naslivilli' 
 
 ■ Adam I\. AlfxamU-r, Jai'ksdii. 
 Kiilicrt Allen, ('aiilia>;c. 
 Jdliii Blair. .Idiicsliuru. 
 John Curkc. Kutli'dgc. 
 •Samuel Houston, Xsu'livillo. 
 
 AVilliain A. I'aliiuT, lianvillr 
 
 I!KPIU>KXTATIVKS. 
 
 VEinii )NT. 
 SKNATOKS. 
 
 KKPHEaKNTATIVKS. 
 
 Williiuii C. Bradley, Westminister. 
 I>aiiii'l A. .\. Ruck, Chelsea. 
 Samuel ('. ("rafts. Craftshurv. 
 
 VIHCIXIA. 
 
 SK.NATORS. 
 
 James liarhour, Barhoursville. 
 John Tavlnr, • Port Roval. 
 
 KEPRESEXTATIVRS. 
 
 Mark .Mexandcr. Lomhardy (irove, 
 William S. Anlier. .\melia. 
 William Lee I5all.' Nutlsville. 
 John S. Harbour, t'uliieper. 
 Philip 1". Barbour, I.uekettsville. 
 l?ur\vell Basselt, Williamsbur};. 
 John Floyd. Newberu. 
 Kobert S. (iarnett. I.loyds. 
 Josepli .lohnson, Kridt;e|)Ort. 
 Jabe/. Leftwiteh. Liberty. 
 William MiCny. Franklin. 
 Charles F. Mercer, Aldie. 
 
 Anrlrew Jackson, Nashville. 
 
 .Jacob C. Isacks. Winchester. 
 Jame.s P.. Heynolds, Clarkesville. 
 James T. .Suil'ord, Columbia. 
 James Standifer, Pikeville. 
 
 Horatio Seymour, Miildleburv. 
 
 Kcilliu C. Mallary. Poultney. 
 
 Henry Olin." 
 
 Charles Kidi,'' Shoreliam. 
 
 Littleton W. Tazewell.'' 
 
 Thonia.« Xcwton, Norfolk. 
 John Kandolph, Charlotte. 
 William C. Hives. Milton. 
 .\rtlinr Smith. Smithtield. 
 William Smith, Lew isbur;?. 
 Alexander Smyth. Wythe. 
 James Stephenson, Martinshurg. 
 Andrew Stevenson, Uielimond. 
 John Taliaferro..'" 
 (ieorge Tucker, Lynchliurg. 
 Jared Williams, Xewton. 
 
 ARKANSAS TKUKITOHY. 
 
 DEI.EdATE. 
 Henry W. Conway, Little Rock. 
 
 KLdlMDA rKKRITOHY. 
 
 KEI.EUATE. 
 
 Ri<hard K. ObU. 
 
 :\ir("ni(;AX territory. 
 
 l>EI,K(iATK. 
 
 Gabriel Richard,!/ Detroit. 
 
 " Eloplod in place of Charles Rich, deceasMKl; took his seal December IS, 1824. 
 
 '■ Dicil hi l>fH. 
 
 c Tdiik hi» avat Fcbriiiiry 9. ISJI; ili.'d ,\UB\ist 20. 1821. 
 
 ri KU'itfil In pliiri- (if .lohn Tiiylor, ilccinwd ; took his scat Decemlwr 29, 1824. 
 
 rllird Filirlliirv2.s. Iv.M. 
 
 /Hl>Tl(<\ ill iiliicief Williiini I,ee Bull. rtuccnsiKl; took his veal April 8, 1824. 
 
 a EleiUon uusuiic,«s(iilly cDnleslcd by John Biddlc. 
 
^^INETEENTH CONGRESS. 
 
 First sen»ioit,fri/m Dccemhero, lS-25, tu MaygJ, 1S26. Second .lession, from December4, 1826, io i[arch ■'■l, lS.i 
 
 Vice-President.- — John C. Calhoun, of South Carolina. Presidents of the Soiate jiro tcwporr. — John 
 Gaillard, of South Carolina, elected March 9, 1S25, in special session; Nathaniel JIacux, of North 
 Carolina, elected May 20, 1826, and again elected January 2, 1827, and again elected IMarch 2, 1827. 
 Secretaries of the Senate. — Charles Cutts, of New Hampshire; Walter Lowrie, of Pennsylvania, 
 elected Decendjer 12, 182.5. 
 
 Speaker of the House. — John W. Taylor, of New York. Clerk of the House. — M.\tthew St. Clair 
 Clarke, of Pennsylvania. 
 
 Henry Chambers," Madison. 
 'William R. King, Cahawba. 
 
 John McKee, Tu.scaloo.sa. 
 Gabriel Moore, Huntsville. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 senators. 
 
 representatives. 
 
 John McKinley, '' Huntsville. 
 Israel Pickens. '' 
 
 George AV. Owens, ClailxiriU' 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 sen.vtors. 
 
 Henry W. Edwards, New Haven. 
 
 representatives. 
 
 John Balilwin, Windham. 
 
 Noyes Barber, Groton. 
 
 Ralph J. Ingersoll, New Haven. 
 
 Calvin Willpv,''T.iUind. 
 
 Orange Mervin, New Milford. 
 Elisha Phelps, Simsbury. 
 Gideon Tomlinson, Fannington. 
 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 senators. 
 
 Thomas Clayton, Dover. 
 Daniel Rodney. « 
 
 Henry M. Ridgeley, ,'' Dover. 
 Nicholas Van Dvke.f/ Newcastle. 
 
 EEPRESENT.iTIVE. 
 
 Louis McLane, Wihnington. 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John Macpherson Berrien, Savannah. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 George Cary, Appling. 
 Alfred Cuthbert, Eatonton. 
 John Forsyth, Augusta. 
 Charles E. Haynes, Sparta. 
 
 Thomas W. Cobb, (Treensboro 
 
 James Meriwether, Athens. 
 Edward F. Tatnall, Savannah. 
 Wiley Thompson, Elberton. 
 
 aDiert.Iniiimryii, 1826. 
 
 6Electcil in placeof Henry Chambers, deceased. Israel l'ieken.s huvingbeeiuiiipoiiited prn tempore: took his seat Decem- 
 ber 21. ISL'i;. 
 
 <-Amjc>iiitcd in place of Henry Chambers, deceased; took his seat April 10, ]S2tl. 
 
 'I Kiei-ted in place of James Lanman, appointed during recess of legislature, but whom the Senate declared not entitled 
 to a seat. 
 
 I-- Appointed in place of Nicholas Van Dyke, deceased; took his seat December 4, 1826. 
 
 / Elected in place of Nicholas V.an Dyke, deceased, Daniel Rodney having been appointed pro tempore; took his seat Jan- 
 uary 2;!. 1827. 
 
 » Died May 19, 1826. 
 
 8!) 
 
w 
 
 CONGRKSSK )N A I, I )I K K( Tc iK V . 
 
 1I.1.1M11>. 
 
 SKX ATllHS. 
 
 Klias' K. Kiiiir. Kn.-kaskia. 
 
 .lesvf U. TlioiiiiiH, Ktlwardsville. 
 
 UKrUKISEXTATIVK, 
 
 Daniel P. t'liok, Iviwanlsvillf. 
 l.\J>IA.NA. 
 
 8EXATOKS. 
 
 AVilliaiii Tlfinlricks. Mailiwm. 
 
 HEl'UKSKXTA riV K!>. 
 
 Katlil'f I'.oDii. lliiciiH'vilU'. 
 JoiKilliaii Jeniiinj;!-, Charlcstdii. 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 .laim-H Nobli", Brookville. 
 
 Jului Test, UniokvilK'. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Ki<luiitl y\. .l(iliii.«oii, (ireat Crossingg. 
 
 IlEPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Kii-luinl .V. liiiokiuT, Greensburg. 
 James Clark, Winchester. 
 .Ii.hii 1'. Henry." 
 Koliert 1'. Henry,'' Hopkinsville. 
 Krani-is .lohnson, Bowlinti Green. 
 .Tames .Inlin.snn,'' (iri'at Crossings. 
 Josejili Leeoniiite, >>e\v Castle. 
 
 U)I'IS1A.\A. 
 
 .Tolin Kiiwan, l-<iuisville. 
 
 Robert P. I^eteber, Lancaster. 
 Kol>ert Mcllatton,'' ( ieorsietowu. 
 Thomas Metcalfe. Carlisle. 
 Thomas P. Moore, Harroilsliurg. 
 David Trimble, Aloiml Sterliiij,'; 
 Charles A. Wicklille. Banlstown. 
 William .S. Yt)MnL'. Elizul)ethto\vn. 
 
 SE.NATORS. 
 
 Dominii|iie l'(iulii.'ny. New Orleans. .Tosiah S. .lohnston, Donalilsville. 
 
 KEI'RESEXTATIVES. 
 
 William L. Bn-nl, St. Martinsville. 
 Henry H. iJiirley, Baton Kouge. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 John Chandler, Monmouth. 
 
 SEN.VTOKS. 
 
 KEI'KESEXTATIVES. 
 
 John .\nclersnn, Portland. 
 William Burleigh, South Berwick. 
 Ebene/.er Herrick, Bowdoinliam. 
 David Kidiler, Xorridgewock. 
 
 Edward Livingston. New Orleans. 
 
 John Holmes, .\lfred. 
 
 Enoch Lincoln.'' Paris. 
 Jeremiah (CBrien. Machias. 
 Peleg Siirague, Hallowell. 
 James W. liipley,' Fryeburg. 
 
 >L\RYLAXD. 
 
 SEXATOKS. 
 
 Ezokiel V. Chandlers, .'' Chestertown 
 Kdward Llovil,!/ Easton. 
 
 Samuel Sniilh, I'.allimore. 
 
 KEl>lU>iEXTATIVES. 
 
 John Barney, Baltimore. 
 Clement Dorsey, Fenwicks Town. 
 ,Iose|ih Kent,'' Bladensburg. 
 John Leeds Ki-er, ICaston. 
 Peter Little, Freedom. 
 
 Robert X. Martin, Princess Ann. 
 
 (ieorge E. ^litchell, Elkton. 
 
 Gi'oige Peter, Damestown. 
 
 John C". Weeius, ' Waterloo. 
 
 Thomas C. Worthiugton, Fivdericktown. 
 
 iiEli-c-te<l In place o( Kdlxrt 1'. )Icnrv. dweascd: took bissvnl IH-romlKT II. 1826. 
 
 I'Dli-cl In IWfi. 
 
 •■ ICU'CtiHl ill jplnce of .iHnic.f Johnson, flocciistft; look his !*c'at I*oocniber7, IJCJti. 
 
 '' HesiKnril in iv.'ii. luiviim' Im'imi ilicted novernor. 
 
 <• Kl<-iii-<l in i.laic o( Kniirli Lincoln, rf.«i(tni-<l; tiHik lus.wal in Dwcmljer. IKX. 
 
 ) Klicliil Ml pla<>> o( Kdivanl Lloyil, ix-slitnol; t«>k Ills seat Febniary ti. liU6. 
 
 i/lt<'>ik'ni-»l .Iiiniiarv. ls*2t>. 
 
 h Koinmil .lannarv K, ivjr,. tnivini; twen elcctifl RoviTiior. 
 
 ' Kliclid In i«laie ot JoMph Kent. ri',«lKnt'il: took III- Mai Kobniary 7. IMO. 
 
NINETEENTH CONGRESS. 
 
 91 
 
 JIAS8AC;HUSETTS. 
 
 senators. 
 James Lloyd/' Boston. 
 Elijah Huiit Mills, Northam]itnu. 
 
 UEPKESEXT.\TI\'ES. 
 
 Samuel C. Allen, Greenfield. 
 
 John Bailey, Canton. 
 
 Francis Baylies, Taunton. 
 
 Benjamin W. Crowiiinshield, Salem. 
 
 John Davis, Worcester. 
 
 Henry \V. Dwight, Stockbridge. 
 
 Edward Everett, Cambridge. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 SEX.\TORS. 
 
 Powhatan Ellis, '' Winchester. 
 Davirl Holmes,'' Washington. 
 
 KEPRESEXT.\TIVES. 
 
 Williaiii Haile,./' Woodville. 
 
 Nathaniel Silsliee,'' Salem. 
 
 .\aron Ilobart, East Bridgewater. 
 Samuel Lathrop, West Springfield. 
 John Locke, .\shby. 
 .Tohn Reed, Yarmouth. 
 .John Varnum, Haverhill. 
 Daniel Webster, Boston. 
 
 Thomas B. Read, <■ Natchez. 
 Thomas H. Williams, ^A'ashington. 
 
 Christopher Rankin, f/ Natchez. 
 
 David Barton, St. Louis 
 
 Samuel Bell, Chester. 
 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 SEX.\TOKS. 
 REPRESENT ATI \' E. 
 
 John Scott, Ste. Genevieve. 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 SEX.tTOES. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Thomas H. Benton, St. Louis 
 
 Ichabod Bartlett, Portsmouth. 
 Titus Brown, Francestown. 
 Nehemiah Eastman, Farmington. 
 
 Ephraim Bateman. * 
 
 Mahlon Dickerson, Suckasuiiny 
 
 George Cassedy, Hackensack. 
 Lewis Condit, Morristown. 
 Daniel Garrison, Salem. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 NEAV YORK. 
 
 Levi '\\'o<.jdljury, Portsmouth. 
 
 Jonathan Harvey, Sutton. 
 Joseph Healy, AVashington. 
 Thomas Whipple, jr., Wentworth. 
 
 Joseph Mcllvaine, ' Burlington. 
 
 George Holcomb, AUentown. 
 Samuel Swan, Somerville. 
 Ebenezer Tucker, Tuckerton. 
 
 Nathan Sandford, J Albany. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Parmenio Adams, Attica. 
 William G. Angel, Burlington. 
 Henry Ashley, Catskill. 
 Luther Badger, Janesville. 
 Churchill C. Cambreleng, New York. 
 William Deitz, Court House. 
 Nicoll Fosdick, Morristown. 
 Daniel G. Garnsey, Fredonia. 
 John Hallock, jr., Ridgeberry. 
 Abraham B. Hasbrouck, Kingston. 
 
 Martin Van Buren, Albany. 
 
 Moses Hayden, York. 
 Michael Hoffman, Herkimer. 
 Daniel Hngunin, jr.,^' Oswego. 
 Charles Humphrey, Ithaca. 
 Jeromus Jcjhnson, New York. 
 Charles Kelloi^g, Kelloggsville. 
 William McManus, Trov. 
 Henry JIarkell, Palatine. 
 Henry C. JMartindale, Sandy Hill. 
 Dudley Marvin, Canandaigua. 
 
 n Resigned Jlay 23, 1826. 
 
 ('Elected in place of James Lloyd, resigned; tooii his seat December 4. 182fi. 
 c.A|i|ifiinted in place of David Holmes, resigned in 182.5; took his seat December 12, 182.5. 
 '' Ke--itrncd in 182.5. 
 
 t Elected in place of David Holmes, resigned in 1825, Powhatan Ellis having been anpomted pro tempore; took his scat 
 March 11. 1826. 
 /Elected in place of Christopher Rankin, deceased; took his seat December \, 182C 
 f;l)icd March 14. 1826. 
 
 '' Elccterl in place of .loseph Mcllvaine, deceased; took his seat December 7. 1826. 
 iDiiil August 19. 1826. 
 J Took his scat January 31. 1826. 
 ^Successfully contested the seat of Egbert Ten Ey<'k; took his seat December 15, 182.5. 
 
92 
 
 CONGKE8810N A I, 1)1 KK( T( )KY. 
 
 Jolin MilU'r, Tnixton. 
 Tiiiinthy II. Porter, Oloan. 
 
 RlllnMt S, l{llSf, ( il'llfVll. 
 
 Hfiiry II. Hn.-s, l^sex. 
 Josluiu Saiiils, Urniiklyii. 
 Henry K. Sturi-s, Whitc.-itown. 
 James Strmii^, I'ity nf IIllll^J(>Il. 
 Jdlm W. Taylor," 15all.-<tou Sprinjp'. 
 
 Etfliert Ten Kvek,'' Watertown. 
 Stephen Van Itens.selaer, Alliany. 
 (iiiliaii ('. V(T|ilaii(k, New York. 
 Aaron Wanl, .\lounl 1'lea.sint. 
 IJartow \V. White, Kishkill. 
 Klisha Whitteniore. 
 Silas WtKid, Huntingdon. 
 
 NOHTII C.VHOIJXA. 
 
 .SKNATOKS. 
 
 .Tolm Brani'li, Kniielil. 
 
 I{KPKE.SKNT.\TI VJM. 
 
 in, Hyde I'ark. 
 Mairincer,'' Ivaleijili. 
 Iryan, Xewliern. 
 Carson, I'lca.sint (iardi'n. 
 
 Conner, Shcrrills l-'ord. 
 . Eihvards, Warrenlon. 
 ines, Edgeoonilie. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 .\lst 
 
 1 1.. 
 I 
 
 Willi 
 Daniel 1 
 .lolm II 
 Saninel I'. 
 Ilenrv W. 
 Weldon N 
 Riehar.1 H 
 
 Nathaniel Maeon,' Monroe. 
 
 Gabriel Holmes, Clinton, 
 Jf>hn I.oii};, Longs Mills. 
 Arehihald MeNeill, MeNeills 8tore. 
 Willie P. Mangnni,' Keil Monntain. 
 Ronuihis M. Sannders. Milton. 
 Lemuel Sawyer, Klizal)eth. 
 lA'win Williams, Panther Creek. 
 
 SK.V.\TOH.S 
 
 William Ilenrv Harrison, Cincinnati, 
 
 ]5enjamin Rugple,s, St. ( lairsville. 
 
 REPKESENTATIVKiS. 
 
 Mordecai Hartley, Manslield. 
 Philemon I'.eeeher, Lancaster, 
 .lohn W. Camjiliell, West Union. 
 James Kindlay, Cineinnati. 
 David Jennings, .'' St. ('lairsville. 
 William Mcd.ean, Piqua. 
 Thomas Shannon,;/ Karnesville. 
 John Slcian, Wooster, 
 
 PEXNSV1.V.\NIA, 
 
 SKX.\TOK.s. 
 
 William EiniUay, Pittslmrg. 
 
 RKPUKSKNT.VTIVES. 
 
 William Addams, Killing. 
 James Buchanan, Lanca.ster, 
 Samuel IMwards, Chester. 
 Patrick Farrelly,'' Mea<lville. 
 John Findlay, Chamliershnrg. 
 Chauncey I'^irwanl, ' Somerset, 
 Robert Harris, I larrisbui-g. 
 Joseph Hemphill,.'' Philadelphia. 
 Samuel D. Ingham, New Hope. 
 Thomas Kittera,.' Phila<lel]ihia. 
 Jacob Krebs.' ( >rwigsburg. 
 George Ivremer, Lewisburg. 
 Joseph Lawrence, Wash iu'jton. 
 Panmel .Mcdvcan, Burlington. 
 Philiji S, Markley, Xorristown. 
 
 John Thomson, Chillicothe. 
 Jose]ih X'ance, I'rbana. 
 Samuel P. \'inton, G.dlipolis. 
 I'.lisha Whittles.'y, Canlield. 
 William Wilson, Newark. 
 John Woods, Ilandlton. 
 .lohii C. Wright, Stenbenville. 
 
 William Marks. Pitt.^burg. 
 
 Daniel 11. MilKr. Pliilailelphia. 
 Charle.s .Miner, West Chester, 
 James S. Mitchell, Roseville. 
 John Mitchell, Bellel'onte. 
 Koliert Orr, Kittanning. 
 (ieorge Phniier, Hobbstown. 
 Thoma.s IL Sill,' Krie. 
 .Tames S. Steven-^on, Pittsburg, 
 .\ndrcw Stewart, CnionloHn. 
 .Mexander Thomson,.'' Bedford. 
 Ks|>y Van Home, Williamsport. 
 Henry Wil.son,'" .Mlentown, 
 Jame.s Wil.son, Fairtield. 
 (ieorge Wolf, Kaston. 
 John Wurt,s, PhilaiUIphia. 
 
 KIIODK ISLAND, 
 
 James D'Wolf," Bristol. 
 Neheudah K. Knight, Providence. 
 
 .SEN.^TOKS. 
 
 Asher Robbiiis," Newport. 
 
 HEI'HEKEXT.\T1 V E.S. 
 
 Tristam Binges, Providence. Dntee .1. Pearee, Newimrt. 
 
 nElei'Kxl Speaker December 5, 1825. 
 '• I'li-ifattMl DrccmtuT l^i. lHi'>. 
 <■Klicl.il l"re»i(UiU pr" ttin|.iirc Miiv'iO, Ifrifi. 
 
 I' ICl.ctiil ill pliirr i>f Willie 1'. MiiiiKUin, realRnefl; l<H>k his seal IiiioiiiIkt 1. is-j;. 
 <■ Ul■^i^,'lll■•l March IN, I.sse. 
 .f Ki -iiriMil in IKJti. 
 
 i; Kill (111 ill iilncc (if r>avi(l JviiiiinKs. rr-ilgiuil: timk his sen! I)c<cnili<T J. 1K'2J. 
 * liiiil .lunuiirv \i, is-.'fi. 
 
 I Kliiiiil in plHi-i- lit Ali'xnnrlcr Thnmscm, re»Ii,au'<l: tonk hl.s .«»'al Dccenihi-r 4. 1W6. 
 JKliitcil In plnii' iif Jiiseph Hemphill, rcxigneii: took his scat Iic<-ember4. 1820. 
 » Kill-till in plHic of Hcnrv Wllwiii. <le<ea.«e<l: took his si-at rieccinb.T 4. iw.w. 
 I Kliil.sl in place of Palriik Farrellv, aeceiused; took his seat April 3, IKM. 
 mlliiil ill ls-.1>. 
 
 n Kcsl(tnc<l October 31. ltf,!A. 
 
 " Eli'cteil In place of .lames D'Wolf, re»lKn<'<l: t>iok his seat IicccihIht 6. IsiS, 
 
NINETEENTH CONGRESS. 
 
 93 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 Jolin Caillard," Pendleton. 
 \Villiani Harper.'' 
 
 John Carter, Camden. 
 William Drayton, Charleston. 
 Joseph Gist, Pinckneyville. 
 Andrew R. Covan, Orangeburg. 
 James Hamilton, Charleston. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 Robert Y. Hayne, Charleston. 
 William Smith, '• Charleston. 
 
 George JNIcDutfie, Edgefield. 
 Thomas K. Mitchell, Georgetown. 
 Starling Tucker, ilonntain Shoals. 
 John Wilson, Golden Grove. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 John H. Eaton, Nashville. 
 Andrew Jackson,'' Nashville. 
 
 Adam R. Alexander, Jackson. 
 Robert .Allen, Carthage. 
 John Blair, Jonesboro. 
 John Cocke, Rutledge. 
 Samuel Houston, Nashville. 
 
 REPKESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 Hugh Lawson White, •' Knoxville. 
 
 Jacob C. Isacks, AVinchester. 
 John H. Marable, Yellow Creek. 
 James C. Mitchell, Athens. 
 James K. Polk, Columbia. 
 
 Dudlev Chase, Randolph. 
 
 HEl'HESENT.iTIVES. 
 
 William C. Bradley, Westminster. 
 Rollin C. Mallary,"Poultney. 
 John Mattocks, Pearham. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 SEX.VTORS. 
 
 James Barboui-,.'' Barlioursville. 
 John Randolph, tf Charlotte. 
 
 RERRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Mark Alexander, Lombardy. 
 William S. Archer, Tuntilston. 
 William .Vrmstrong, Roraney. 
 John S. Barlxiur, Culpeper. 
 Burwell Bassett, Williamsburg. 
 Nathaniel H. (!laiborne. Rocky Mount. 
 George W. Crump,'' Cumberland. 
 Thomas Davenport, JNIeadsville. 
 Benjamin Estil, Abingdon. 
 John Floyd, Newbern. 
 Rol)ert S. Garnett, Lloyds. 
 
 Horatio Seymour, Jliddlebury. 
 
 Ezra Meech, Shell)urn. 
 George E. Wales, Hartford. 
 
 Littleton W. Tazewell, Norfolk 
 
 Joseph Johnson, Bridgeport. 
 William McCoy, Franklin. 
 Charles F. Mercer, Aldie. 
 Thomas Newton, Norfolk. 
 Alfred H. Powell, Winchester. 
 William C. Rives, Milton. 
 William Smith, Lewisburg. 
 Andrew Stevenson, Richmond. 
 John Taliaferro, Fredericksburg. 
 Robert Taylor, Orange. 
 James Trezvant, Jerusalem. 
 
 ARKANSAS TERRITORY. 
 
 IlELEG.VTE. 
 
 Henr\- A\'. Conway, Little Rock. 
 FIJJRIDA TERRITORY. 
 
 Joseph JI. White, Pensacola. 
 MICHIGAN TERRITORl". 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Austin E. Wing, Detroit. 
 
 n Elected President pro tempore March 9, 1825, special .session; died February 26, 182b. 
 
 6 Appointed in place of John Gnillard, deceased; took his seat March 28. 1S26. ,,. i,i« c„„, n^r-om 
 
 c Elected ill place of John Gaillard, deceased. William Harper having been appointed pr,. lempore; tooU his seat Decem- 
 ber 7, 18215. 
 
 pEk'c?"l in'pliu'c'of Andrew Jackson, resigned in 1S2S; took his seat December 12. 182: 
 /Resigned March 7. 1825. 
 
 BEfectedinplaceof James Barbour, resigned in 1S2S; took his seat December 20, 182.5. 
 A Took his seat February 0, 1826. 
 
 A Took his seat February 0, 1826 
 
TWKXTIKTII CONGRESS. 
 
 fiml ncmin)i,fnim Deronher S, /cSV7, lo }fitii M. ISiS. Senmil !nea»Um,Jrnm Ihremhrr 1. 1S3S, In Miirrh S, 1S39. 
 
 Vive-Preitiilent. — John C. CALnoix, of South Caiolina. PiixKhHi.i at Ihr Stmil,' jho Inii/inif. — 
 Xatiianiel MAtiiN, of North Ciirolinn. eU'cti'il May 15, lSi><, mid <ici>line<l; 8amiei. Smith, of Mary- 
 land, elected >hiy 15. 1S2S. Sirri'liifi/ uf llir Setinlc. — Wai.tek Lowrik, of reniisylvaniu. 
 
 Sfn'iiki I- t,i llu- /loiiw. — Andrew Stevenson, of Virjiiiiia. Clerk of the House. — Mattiieti- St. Clair 
 (.'i.ARKE, of reiiusylvaiiia. 
 
 William R. Kiiii:. Soliiia. 
 
 .Tohii McKi'i-. Tuscaloo«i. 
 ( iahrirl Moore. Ilniilsville. 
 
 .''aniuel .\. Koot. Cheshire. 
 
 .M.AI'.AMA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 HErUKSKNTATIVES. 
 
 I liNNKCTICITT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REl'ltESHXTATIVKS. 
 
 .loliii Baldwin, Windham. 
 
 Noyes liarlier. tJroton. 
 
 Ralph .1. Iiisrcrsoll, New Haven. 
 
 .Tolin MeKinley. TTunt.sville. 
 (ieorjie W. Owen, Claiborne. 
 
 Calvin Willev, Toland. 
 
 Oranjie Mervin, New Milford. 
 Klisiia Phelps, Siinsbnry. 
 David Plant, Stratford. 
 
 DEL.VWARK. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Lo\iis MiLain', Wilminytoii. 
 
 RKI'RESENTATIVE. 
 
 Kensey .Johns, jr., Newra-stle 
 (iKORcilA. 
 
 lli'iirv M. Kidirelev, Dover. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 ■Tohn MoPherson Berrien. .Sivaiinah. 
 Thomas W. Cohli." (ireenslioronj.'h. 
 
 .John I'lovd. .Jefferson. 
 Tomlinson Fort. .Millediieville. 
 (ieorye U. tiilmer, l.exinj:ton. 
 CharU's K. Ilaynes, Sparta. 
 
 REI'RKSENTATIVEi;. 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 (Oliver n. Prinee. '' .Uaeon. 
 
 Wil.'on Lumpkin, Madison. 
 Wilev Thompson. Klherton. 
 Riehard II. Wilde. 
 
 Klia- K. Kane, Kaskaskia. 
 
 Jesse 15. Thmnas, Edwanlsville. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Joseph Duncan, Brownsville. 
 
 " RcslKiii'il in l-Sih. 
 
 '•Eli'Clwl In pluoe ot Tlinmns W fiiliti. rcslgiii'd. Iiwk Ins will Iii-oi-nilMT !. 1^2". 
 
TWENTIETH CONGKESS. 
 
 95 
 
 Williaiii nendrickhi, Madison. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 .SEXATORS. 
 UEPRKSKXTATIVK.'t. 
 
 Tliomas H. Bliiko, Terre flaute. 
 Jonathan .lennin^'.", Charleston. 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 .SKNATOES. 
 
 Rirhard M. .Tuhnson, (treat CrossinK.«. 
 
 UEPRESENTATIVRS, 
 
 Richard A. Bnekncr, (ireenshnrg. 
 John Chambers," Washington. 
 Thomas Chilton, Elizalx'thtown. 
 Jame-s Clark, Winchester. 
 Henry Daniel, INIonnt Sterling. 
 Josepli Lecompte, Newcastle. 
 Robert p, Letcher, J,ancaster. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Dominique Bouligny, New Orlean.s. 
 
 REPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 William L. Brent, St. Martinsville. 
 Henry 11. Gurley, Baton Ronge. 
 
 :\IAINK. 
 
 .SENATORS. 
 
 John Clianiller, Monmonth. 
 John Holmes,'' Alfreil. 
 
 REPRESEXTATI V KS. 
 
 John Anderson, Portland. 
 Samuel Butman, Dixniont. 
 Rufus Mclntire, Parsonslield. 
 Jeremiah O'Brien, Machia;^. 
 
 ^lARYLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Ezekiel F. Chambers, Chestertown. 
 
 REPRESEXTATI V ES. 
 
 John Barney, Baltimore. 
 Clement Dorsey, Cha])tico. 
 Levin tjale, Elkton. 
 John Leeds Kerr, Easti>n. 
 Peter Little. Freedom. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Nathaniel Silsbee, Salem. 
 
 REPRB8EXTATIVES. 
 
 Samuel C. Allen, Oreenfield. 
 
 John Bailer, Milton. 
 
 Isaac C. Bates, Northam):iton. 
 
 Benjamin W. Crowninshield, Salem. 
 
 John Davis, Worcester. 
 
 Henry W. Dwight, Stockbridge. 
 
 Edward Everett, Cambridge. 
 
 James Nol)le, lirookvillc. 
 
 Oliver 11. Smith, Connersville. 
 
 Jiilin Kouan, Lnnisvillc. 
 
 Chittenden Lyon, E<l(lyville. 
 Robert McMatton, Georgetown. 
 Thomas Metcalfe,'' Carlisle. 
 Thomas P. Moore, Harrodsburg. 
 Charles A. Wickliffe, Bardstown. 
 Joel Yancy, Glasgow. 
 
 .Tosiah S. .Johnston, Alexandria. 
 
 Kdward Livingston, New Orleans. 
 
 .\lbioii K. Parris,'' Portland. 
 
 James W. Rijiley, Fryeburg. 
 Peleg Sprague, Hallowell. 
 Joseph F. A\'ingate, Bath. 
 
 Samuel Smith,' Baltimore. 
 
 Michael C. Sprigg, Frostbnrg. 
 George C. Washington, Rockville. 
 John C. Weems, Waterloo. 
 Ephraim K. Wilson, Snow Hill. 
 
 Daniel \\'el)ster, Boston. 
 
 Benjamin (Jorliam, Boston. 
 James L. Hodges, Taunton. 
 John Locke, Ashby. 
 John Reed, Yarmouth. 
 Joseph Kichards'in, Hingham. 
 John Varnuni, ^•,l^■erhill. 
 
 " Elected in place of Thomas Jletcalfe, resigned; took his 
 
 liResiKiied m 1828. 
 
 cElecled in place of Albion K. Parris, resigned; took his 
 
 ''Resigned August 20, 1828. 
 
 c Elected president pro teinix^)re May 1.^, 1828, in j)lacc of 
 
 seat Decemlier 1, 1R28. 
 seat .January 2(i, 1829. 
 Natliaiiiel Macon, resigned. 
 
V>(j 
 
 CONURESHK »N A 1, 1 )l K KCH )KY . 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 SKX.\Tt)H.S. 
 
 Powluitnn Klli.-, Winclicslcr. 
 Williain Ilaile." Wnixlville. 
 
 HKl"Hf»KNTATIVK!<. 
 
 Tliiiiiius 11. Williams. Wii.-^liinnton. 
 Tlioiiia.-' Iliiuls.'' (ireeiiville. 
 
 I)avici liaitiiii, ."<t. I.(Uii.-(. 
 
 -MISSOUKI. 
 
 SR.SATORS. 
 
 Thonia.-^ II. 1!<miI>iii, St. Ix)iiig. 
 
 KK1'UKSENT.\TIVK. 
 
 KdwanI Mati's, St. I.onis. 
 
 Samuel Bell, Chester. 
 
 XKW IIAMI'SIIIKK. 
 
 SKNATIIUS. 
 UEl-HESEN'TATIVES. 
 
 Daviil Baikor, jr., RoclH'stor. 
 Iclialioil Hartlctt, l'i>rt.-imniitli. 
 Titu* Brown, Kianci'stdwii. 
 
 XKW .IKUSEY. 
 
 .><KNATORS. 
 
 Epliraim Batcmaii, ■' Ci'clarville, 
 
 H El'U l>ENT ATI V E.S. 
 
 Lewi.' ("onilit, Morrisitown. 
 
 GeorfU" Holcoinb, ' Alleiitowii. 
 
 Lsaac Pieixiii, Oraiifro. 
 
 Jainef' V. Kaiululph,/ New Briiiiswiik. 
 
 Charlos K. Dudley,' .Vlbaiiy. 
 Xatliaii Saul'nril, Albany. 
 
 Daniel D. Barnanl, Uoclicster. 
 Thiima.'J Beekman, PehTbnrn. 
 GeurjjeO. BeMen, Munticellu. 
 Ku<li)l|>li Bunner, Oswego. 
 C. C Cambieleng, New York. 
 Samuel ('lia.<e, Cooperstowii. 
 John C. (.'laike, Bainbiidsie. 
 John I. De (iraff, Scheueetady. 
 John D. Diekinson, Tmy. 
 Jonas I'",arll, jr.. Onondayia. 
 Daniel (i. (iarusey, I'redonia. 
 Nathaniel ( iarrow, .Vuburii, 
 John llallock, jr.. Hidjieburv. 
 Selah K. Ilobbie, Delhi. 
 Mieluu'l Hoffman, Herkimer. 
 Jeromu.-' Jiihn.son, New York. 
 Kiehard Kee-^e, Kei'seville. 
 John Magee, Bath. 
 
 NKW YORK. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 HEI'KlivENTATlVE.-*. 
 
 Levi Woodburv, I'ort.-'Uiouth. 
 
 Jonathan Harvi\v, Sutton, 
 .loseph llealv, Wa.-^hiiiglon. 
 Thomas Whipple, jr., Weiitworth. 
 
 .MahloM Dieker^on,'' Siicka.<iunnv. 
 
 Thomas Sinniekson,f/ Salem. 
 Samuel Swan, Somerville. 
 Hedge Thompson,'' Salem. 
 ICbenezer Tueker, Tuckerton. 
 
 Martin Van Bnren, J .\lbany. 
 
 llcnrv Markell, Palatine. 
 Ill iiry ('. MarliTidale, Sandy Hill. 
 Dudley .Marvin, Canandaigua. 
 .lohn .Maynard, Ovid X'illage. 
 Thomas.). Oakley," Poughkeepsie. 
 Henry U. Storrs, Whitestown. 
 John (i. Stower, Hamilton, 
 .lanios Strong, city of Hu<l.son. 
 Thomas Taber, L'c"!,'' Dover. 
 John W. Tayhvr, Ball.-ton Springs. 
 I'liineas 1.. Tracy. Balavia. 
 Stephen Van Pen.-iselaer, .\lbany. 
 (iulian ('. X'erplanek, New York. 
 Aaron Ward, Mount Plea.-'ant. 
 John J. Wood, Clarkslown. 
 Silas Wood, Huntingdon. 
 David Wo.Mleoek, Ithaca. 
 Silas Wright, jr.,' Canton. 
 
 o Rej*iKin^l in IX-H. 
 
 ''Elceti'il in pliKf 1)1 William llallc, rc»lgnc<l; look his scat DcocmlH-r 8, 1828. 
 
 ''KKh'IimI liy his own vole in joint nc.h.s1 on of the lefrlsltitare; resipned .tftnuary. l.**'J9. 
 
 •' Kv-slgnett l'"el>ruHrv >.i. ivja; ulei'tcMl In phice of Kiiliniini llnlennin, rositrned; look his sent Ki-hniHry li, 1829. 
 
 'Kicd Jnnmirv II. IS•i^. 
 
 / Elfcted in |t(iu'i* of lieorKe Hi^leoinb. (U'ceused; took tiis sent lui'enilwr 1. 1828. 
 
 i/Elei'iiil in iiliii'v of lledKi'Tliompson, (Ii'i'i'iised; liM>k his sent Iteivmlicr 1, 1828. 
 
 (■Died In lvj.s. 
 
 ' Eki'teil in pliuje of Miirtin Van Hnron, resigned; t<H>k hi.s seat .liinniiry 29, 1829. 
 
 JKe«i|!ii'd Ii •iiitiefJO, 1M'.S. 
 
 »■ Kk'ciiii ill j.liRi; of Thiiiims J. Onklev, n^i-lgned: t.Kik his sent IIitimuIxt I, 1S2». 
 / Ki •-Ikii..! I'.liriiiirv. Iw.-D. 
 
TWENTIETH CONGRESS. 
 
 97 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 John Branch, Enfield. 
 James Iredel," Edenton. 
 
 SEX.\TOKS. 
 
 REPRESENT.4TIVES. 
 
 Willis Alston, Hyde Park. 
 Daniel L. Barringer, Raleigh. 
 John H. Bryan, Newbern. 
 Samuel P. Carson, Pleasant Garden. 
 Henry W. Conner, Sherrills Ford. 
 John Culpepper, Beards Store. 
 Thomas H. Hall, Tarboro. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Jacob Burnet. '' 
 
 AVilliam Henry Harrison,'' Cleves. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Mordecai Bartley, Mansfield. 
 Philemon Beecher, Lancaster. 
 William Creighton, jr.,' Chillicothe. 
 John Davenport, Barnesville. 
 James Findlay, Cincinnati. 
 William McLean, Piqua. 
 Francis S. Muhlenburg..'' 
 William Russell, West Union. 
 
 Nathaniel Macon,'' Warrenton. 
 
 Gabriel Holmes, Montpelier. 
 John Lonjj, Longs Mills. 
 Lemuel Sawyer, Elizabeth. 
 Augustine H. Shepperd, Gcrmantown. 
 Daniel Turner, Warrenton. 
 Lewis Williams, Panther Creek. 
 
 Benjamin Ruggles, St. Clairsville. 
 
 John Sloane, AVooster. 
 William Stanberry, Newark. 
 Joseph \'ance, Urbana. 
 Samuel E. Vinton, (iallipolis. 
 F;iisha Whittle.sey, Canfield. 
 .Fohn Woods, Hamilton. 
 John C. Wright, Steubenville. 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Isaac D. Barnard, West Chester. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William Addams, Reading. 
 Samuel Anderson, Providence. 
 Stephen Barlow, Meadville. 
 James Buchanan, Lancaster. 
 Richard Coulter, ( Jreensburg. 
 Chauncey Eorwanl, Somerset. 
 Jose(ih Fry, jr., Fry burg. 
 Innis (xreen, Dauphin. 
 Samuel D. Ingham, New Hope. 
 Adam King, York. 
 Georae Kremer, Lewislmrg. 
 Joseph Lawrence, Washington. 
 Samuel McKean, Burlington. 
 
 William Alarks, Pittsburg 
 
 Daniel H. Miller, Philadelphia. 
 Charles Miner, Westchester. 
 John Mitchell, Bellefonte. 
 Robert Orr, jr., Kittanning. 
 William Ramsay, Carlisle. 
 John Sergeant, Philailelpliia. 
 John B. Sterigere, Upper Dulilin. 
 James S. Stevenson, l'itfsl)urg. 
 Andrew Stewart, Uniontown. 
 Joel B. Sutherland. Philadelphia. 
 Espy Van llornc, AVilliamsport. 
 James Wilson, Fairfield. 
 George Wolf, Easton. 
 
 RHODE ISLAND 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 Nehemiah R. Knight, Providence. Asher Robl)ins, Newport. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Tristam Burges, Providence. 
 
 Dutee J. Pearce, Newport. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 Robert Y. Havne, Charleston. 
 
 William Smith, York. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John Carter, Camden. 
 Wairen R. Davis, Pendleton. 
 William Drayton, Charleston. 
 James Hamilton, jr., Charleston. 
 George JIcDuffie, Edgefield. 
 
 William D. Martin, Barnwell. 
 Thomas R. Mitchell, Georgetown. 
 William C. Nuckolls, Sjiartanburg. 
 Starling Tucker, Mountain Shoals. 
 
 fi Elected in plnce of Nathaniel Macon, resigned; took his seat December 23, 1828. 
 
 I' Elected president iiro tempore May 15, 1828. and declined; resigned in 1828. 
 
 t'Eleiti-.l iii iiliireoi William Henry Harrison, resigned; took his seat December 29, 1828. 
 
 ''Resi,i:lud .Miiv 20, 1828. 
 
 <• Resigned in 1828. 
 
 / Elected in place of William Creighton, jr., resigned: took his seat December I'J, 1828. 
 
 H. Doe. 458 7 
 
98 
 
 CONORE8SIONAL UIRECTUKY. 
 TKXNKSSEE. 
 
 HENATOHS. 
 
 John n. Knton, Xiishvillt". 
 
 .Iiilin Bell, Nashville. 
 .Iciliii Hlair. .loncslmro. 
 Piiviil I'rocki'lt, Tri'iiton. 
 Kiilicrl Desha, (ialUilin. 
 .lacdb C. Isacks, Winchester. 
 
 Dudley CluL^e, lianilolph. 
 
 Daniel .V. .\. Itnok, Chelsea. 
 .Tiiiiathan Hunt, Urattlelioro. 
 Knlliu ('. Mallarv, I'lmltnev. 
 
 Littleton \V. Tazewell, Norfolk. 
 
 Hntrh I.awson \Vhit<', Knoxville. 
 
 RErRKSKNT.\TlVF,s. 
 
 Trvor Lea, Knoxville. 
 .lolin II. Marahle, Yellow Creek. 
 .lames 0. Mitchell, .\thens. 
 James K. I'olk, Colinuhia. 
 
 VKRM( »NT. 
 
 SENATOH.". 
 KEI'REHKXTATIVES. 
 
 VIR<;IN1.\. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 RErRl»IENTATIVE.S. 
 
 Horatio Seymour, MiiUllebury. 
 
 Benjamin .Swift, St. .Vlbans. 
 (teorpe K. Wales, Ilartfonl. 
 
 .lohn Tyler, Charles City. 
 
 Mark Alexander, Lomhardy Grove. 
 Koliert .Mien, Mount TU-asant. 
 Williaui S. .\rcher, Klkliill. 
 William Armstrong', jr., Kouiney. 
 John S. Harlioiir, ( 'ulpejier. 
 riiilip 1'. liarKour, ( ionlonsville. 
 Hurwell Bassetl, Williaiushur;;. 
 Nathaniel 11. Clairborne, Kocky Mount. 
 Thomas Davenport, .Meadsviile. 
 .lohn Kloyd, Newhern. 
 Isaac I^liler, Wheelin<;. 
 
 lyewis Maxwell, We.non. 
 
 Charles K. Mercer, .Mdie. 
 William McCoy, Kranklin. 
 Thomas Newton, Norfolk. 
 John Handolph, Charlotte. 
 William C. Kives, Milton, 
 .lohn Hoane, Runiford .\oademy. 
 .Vlexander Smyth, Wythe. 
 .Vndrew Stevenson." liii'hmond. 
 ,loliu Taliaferro. Frederickslmrp. 
 .lami's Trezvant, Jerusalem. 
 
 ARKANSAS TERRITORY. 
 
 nEI.EOATK. 
 
 A. II. Sevier, l.ittl.' Kock. 
 FLORIDA TERRITORY. 
 
 nELEOATE. 
 
 Joseph M. AVhite, Pensaoola. 
 MICHIGAN TERRITORY. 
 
 nELEfiATE. 
 
 Austin E. Wing, Detroit, 
 
 ■I Eli'Otid Spi'iikiT Dfiomber S. 1S27. 
 
TWENTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 
 
 Flntl xf'.txion, frdiii. Dnrinhi'i- 7, IS.19, tii Ma;/ .il, !S.10. Second nemlon, /mm December fi, IH.W, (o Mnrcli .1, 1S.1I. 
 
 Vice-PreMdeiit. — .Tonx C. Calhoun, of South Carolina. Prenident.'! nf the Snmle jno tempore. — 
 Samuel Smith, of Maryland; Liitlkton W. TAZE\rELL, of Virginia, elected March 1, ISMl. Secretary 
 of tlie Senate. — Walter Lowiue, nf IVnnsylvania. 
 
 Speaker of the Honae. — Andrew Stevenson, of Virginia. Clerk of the Jloune. — AIattuew St. Clair 
 Clarke, of Pennsylvania. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 senators. 
 
 William R. King, Schiia. John McKinlcy, Florence. 
 
 kepkesentatives. 
 
 Roljert E. B. Baylor, Tnscaloosa. Dixon 11. Li'wis, Mnnlgnmery. 
 
 C. C. Clay, Hnntsville. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 senators. 
 
 Sanniel A. Foot, Che.^hire. Calvin Willey, T..lland. 
 
 representatives. 
 
 Noves Barher, (iroton. Kalpli .1. IngersoU, Now Haven. 
 
 William W. Ellsworth, Hartford. William L. Storrs, Middletown. 
 
 Jahez W. Huntington, i^itchlield. Kbeiiezer Young, Killiiigly. 
 
 Dl'^LAWARE. 
 
 John M. Clayton, Dover. Arnold Naudain,'' Wilmington. 
 
 Louis McLane," Wilmington. 
 
 representative. 
 Kensey Johns, jr., Newcastle. 
 
 GEORGIA. 
 senators. 
 
 John Macphenson Berrien,'' Savannah. George ^I. Troup, Duhliii. 
 
 Jolin For.«yth, ''Augusta. 
 
 representatives. 
 
 Thomas K. Fo.ster, Greenshoro. Wiley Thompson, Elherton. 
 
 Charles E. Haynes, Sparta. James M. Wayne, Savannah. 
 
 Henry G. Lamar, Macon. Richard H. Wilde, Augusta. 
 Wilson Lumpkin, ttlonroe. 
 
 n Resigned in 1829. 
 
 '' Elected in pltiee of Louis MeLanc, resigned: took his seat .laniitiry J3, 1S30. 
 
 I- Resigned Mnreli 9. 18'J9. 
 
 rfEleeted in place of John Macpherson Berrien, resigned; took his seat Deceml)er 8. 1.S29. 
 
 99 
 
100 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL UIKKCTORY. 
 
 JlJJ.MiIS. 
 
 SKX.vTiHta. 
 
 David J. Haker," Sliawneetowii. 
 Elia.« K. Kani", Kaskafkia. 
 
 .lolin Mclx-an,'' Shawneetown. 
 .Iiilin M. Kobinson. '' 
 
 UEPKKSEXTATIVK. 
 
 .losfpli niincaii. lirownsvillf. 
 INDIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 William llemlricks, Madi.son. 
 
 Katliff Boon, Boonville. 
 .Tiiiuitliaii Jcnnin^'s. Charleston. 
 
 George -M. r.ilil>, Yi'lNnv Banks 
 
 HEPKKSKXT.KTIVKS. 
 
 KKNTrCKY. 
 
 SE.NATOlO. 
 KEI'IIESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 Tlioma.s Chilton, Kliza)')ethtow n. 
 James Clark. Winchester. 
 Kiehcilas 1). Coleman, Washington. 
 Henry Daniel, Monnt Sterling. 
 Kathan (iaither, Columbia. 
 Richard M, Johnson, Ureat Crossing. 
 
 Josiali S .lohnston, Alexandria. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SEX. \ Tons. 
 REPKESEXTATIVE.-'. 
 
 llenrv II. (fnrley. Baton Rouge. 
 Walter II. Overton, Alexandria. 
 
 John Ilnlme.s, Alfred. 
 
 .MAINE. 
 
 SESATOHS. 
 KKPKESEXTATIVES. 
 
 John Anderson, Portland. 
 Samuel Uutman, Dixmont. 
 (ieorge Kvans, (iardiner. 
 Cornelius Holland.' Canton. 
 
 MAHYLANI). 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Kzekiel F. Chambers, Chestertown. 
 
 REPRESENT ATI V ES. 
 
 Klia.s Brown, Freedom, 
 Clement jlorsey. Ilowanls Rai-e. 
 Benjamin!). Iloward, Baltimore. 
 George K. Mitchell, Klkton. 
 Beni'dict I. Semme.s, IMscataway. 
 
 James Noble,'' Brookville. 
 John Test, I^wixjnceburg. 
 
 John Rowan, Ix)uisville. 
 
 John Kincaid. Stanford. 
 Josei'li Leconijite, Newcastli'. 
 Robert 1'. Ix-tcher, Ijincaster. 
 Chittenden I. von. Kddvville. 
 Charles A. Wickliffe, Jjardstown. 
 Joel Yancy, Glasgow. 
 
 Kdward Livingston, New Orleans. 
 Kdward 1'. White, Doualdsonville. 
 
 I'eleg Spragiie, Hallowell. 
 
 I.,eonard Jarvis,.'" Ellsworth. 
 Rufus Mclntire, Parsonfield. 
 James W. l\i|ilev.;' Frvelmrg. 
 Joseph F. Wingate. Bath. 
 
 Sanuiel Smith.'' Baltimore. 
 
 Richard Spencer, Easton. 
 Michael C. Sprigg. Frostbnrg. 
 (jeorge C. Washinjrton, Rockville. 
 Ephraim K. Wilson, Snow Hill. 
 
 n ApiKiinteil In plBi'f <if .loliii McLvnn. ilcce«.ie<l; tcwk Ills sent Dwember 6, 1830. 
 
 (.l>iHCH.M-<l Octoberll, liao. , , ,.,.... 
 
 c-Kli'fUKl in place oIJohnMcLi'an.dwnis'fil. Davi.l .1. BiikiT Imvlnit Iwcn npi><)lnliKi pro temiHirv: took his seat January 
 
 4, IMI. 
 
 •IDli'il FetiniiirvM, ISiil. , 
 
 r Eliru-il ill pluii- "(.liiiius W. Kiploy. renlgiu'il; (iK>k his »iat Di-ii-uiIkti.. 1.S30. 
 /TiH>klilSMiitl)e<cnil.ir«. ls;«l. , , ,. , ... , , 
 
 ffKolKiied .March 12. l.'*30: olcotloii unsnrcfwiiilly contivtiil by Koui'l Wa.sni)iirn. 
 ft Klcclfd prwildfDl pro tiTn|Hiri;. March 13, 1S». »|hx-1ii1 session, ami May M. I.-*). 
 
TWENTY-FIKST COUGKESS. 
 
 101 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Nathaniel Silsbee, Salein. 
 
 KBPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John Bailey, Milton. 
 
 Isaac C. Bates, Northampton. 
 
 Benjamin W. Crowninshield, Salem. 
 
 John Davi.s, Worcester. 
 
 Henry \V. Dwight, Stockbridge. 
 
 Eihvard Everett, Charlestown. 
 
 Benjamin Gorham, Boston. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 Daniel Webster, Boston. 
 
 George Grennell, jr., Greenfield. 
 James L. Hodges, Taunton. 
 Joseph G. Kendall, Leominster. 
 John Reed, Yarmouth Port. 
 .Joseph Richardson, Ilingham. 
 John Yarnum, Haverhill. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Robert H. Adams, « Natchez. 
 Powhatan Ellis, Winchester. 
 
 George Poindexter, ^ Natchez. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Thomas Hinds, Greenville. 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 David Barton, St. Louis. 
 
 Thomas H. Benton, St. Louis. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Spencer Pettis, Fayette. 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 Samuel Bell, Chester. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John Brodhead, New ^larket. 
 Thomas Chandler, Hillslioro. 
 Joseph Hammons, Farmington. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Mahlon Dickerson, Suckasunny. 
 
 Levi Woodbury, Portsmouth. 
 
 Jonathan Harvey, Sutton. 
 Henry Hubbard, Charlestown. 
 John W. Weeks, Lancaster. 
 
 Theodore Frelinghuvsen, Newark. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Lewis Condit, Morristown. Isaac Pierson, Orange. 
 
 Richard M. Cooper, Camden. James F. Randolph, North Brunswick. 
 
 Thomas H. Hughes, Cold Spring. Samuel Swan, Bound Brook. 
 
 NE\V YORK. . 
 
 Charles E. Dudley, Albany. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William G. Angel, Burlington. 
 Benedict Arnold, Amsterdam. 
 Abraham Bockee, Federal Store. 
 Peter I. Borst, Midillel:)urg. 
 C. C. Cambreleng, New York. 
 Timothy Childs, Rochester. 
 Henry B. Cowles, Carmel. 
 Hector Craig, '' Craigville. 
 Jacob Crocheron, Smithfield. 
 Charles G. De Witt, Kingston. 
 John D. Dickinson, Troy. 
 S. W. Eager,'' ^Montgomery. 
 Jonas Earll, jr., Onondaga. 
 Isaac Finch, Jay. 
 
 Nathan Sanford, Albany. 
 
 George Fisher, f Oswego. 
 Jehiel H. Halsey, Lodi. 
 Joseph Hawkins, Henderson. 
 Michael Hoffman, Herkimer. 
 Perkins King, Freehold. 
 James Lent, Newtown, 
 John Magee, Bath. 
 Henry C. Martindale, Sandy Hill. 
 Thomas jNIaxwell, ]'31mira. 
 Robert Jlonell, ./' Greene. 
 Ebenezer F. Norton, Buffalo. 
 Gershom Powers, Auburn. 
 Robert S. Rose, Cteneva. 
 Jonah Sanford,? Oswego. 
 
 a Elected in place of Thomas B. Reed, deceased in 1829: took his seat February 8, 1.S30. and died July 2. 1830. 
 
 '' Appointed in place of Robert H. .\dams, deceased: took his seat December6, 1830: subsequently elected by the legislature. 
 
 i-ResiKnrd in IMiO. 
 
 ''Elected in place of Hector Craig, resigned; took his seat December 6, 1830. 
 
 f Election succcssfullv contested by Silas Wright, jr. 
 
 /Resigned February 21. 1831. 
 
 'J Elected in place of Silas Wright, jr., who declined lo take his seat. 
 
Ut2 
 
 CONORESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 Ambrose Spi'in'er, Alliany. 
 .laiiu's Slriinn, C'ily ni llmlsoii. 
 Ilfiirv K. Stiirrs, \Vliitcsti>wii. 
 .lohii'W. Tiivlor, l!ilU^'tnn Sprint.'s. 
 
 1'hiiu'a.H L. Tracy, liatavia. 
 Uiiliiui ('. Vfr|>lRiick. Xew York. 
 Campbell 1'. Wbite, New York. 
 Sila.« Wrifilit, jr." 
 
 NOKTII CAKOl.lXA. 
 
 XKNATOHK. 
 
 .b.hii HniMili,'' Kiiliel.l. 
 Beilfnrcl Brown,' llrowiiH Store. 
 
 11K1'HKMENTATIVK.S. 
 
 Willis Alslon, ImuImiics l''ork. 
 Iiaiiitl I,. Ilarriiijier. Kalcich. 
 Samuel 1'. Carson, I'Uasant (iarden. 
 Henry W. Conner, SluMiills Konl. 
 IMmnnil Deberry, l.awrenceville. 
 IMwanl H. I)ncll'ev, Wlmingtoil. 
 Thomas 11. Hall, Tarboro. 
 
 .laeob Burnet, Cincinnati. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 SKS.VTOHS. 
 KKPKKSKNr.VTIVKS. 
 
 Morilecai Hartley, Manstielil. 
 .losepli II. Crani', Hayton. 
 William Creivrlilon. jr.. Cbillicothe. 
 .lames Kimllay, Cincinnati, 
 •lohn M. <ioo(leno\v.'' Steubenville. 
 William W. Irvin, Lancaster. 
 William Ki-nnon, St. Clairsville. 
 Humphrey 11. Leavitt,' Steubenville. 
 
 ■Tames Iri'ilell, IMenton. 
 
 Wobert Totter, Oxtonl. 
 .\braham Kencher, I'ittsboro. 
 William H. Shepar.1, Elizabeth City. 
 Augustine 11. Sheiijienl, ( ierniantown. 
 .le.sse Speit.'ht, Spei>;lits Hridne. 
 Lewis Williams, Panther Creek. 
 
 Benjamin RugKle.«, St. Clairsville. 
 
 William Kns.=ell, Wi'st Cnion. 
 .lames Shields, Dicks Mill-. 
 William Stanberry, .Newark. 
 .John Thomson, New Lisbon, 
 .losejih Vance, I'rbana. 
 Samuel K. Vinton, Calliiiolis. 
 Klisha Whittlesey, Canlield. 
 
 PKNNSVI.VANIA. 
 
 SKNATOHS. 
 
 Isaac C. Barnard. West Chester. 
 
 KEI'UtSlENT.\TIVKS. 
 
 William Marks, Pittsburg. 
 
 .lames Buchanan, Lancaster. 
 
 Hichard Conlter, (ireenslmrt!. 
 
 Thomas II. Crawford, Chambersbui-);. 
 
 Harmar I>enny, I'itlsburn. 
 
 .loshua I'.vans, Paoli. 
 
 .lames l-'ord. Lawn'uccville. 
 
 Chauncey forward, Somerset. 
 
 .loseph l''ry,jr., Kryburj;. 
 
 .lohn Cilniore, Builer. 
 
 Iiniis (in-eu, Dauphin. 
 
 .Iiiseph Hemphill, Philadelphia. 
 
 Peter Ihrie, jr., Laston. ^ 
 
 Thomas Irwin. Cniontown. 
 
 Adam Kinti, York. 
 
 KIKHiK ISLAND. 
 
 SKNATOKS. 
 
 Neheiniah \{. Kni^rhl, Providence. 
 
 IlKCHKSKXT.VriVH*. 
 
 Tristam Buries, Providence. 
 
 SOITH CAKOLINA 
 
 SKNATOKS. 
 
 (ieortieC. Leiper, Leiperville. 
 .\lam, Marr, Danville. 
 William .McCreedy, Bricelands Cross- 
 roads. 
 Daniil H. Miller. Philadelphia. 
 Heiny \. Muhlenlvurf:, Reading. 
 William Uam.siy, Carlisle, 
 .lohn .Scott, .\lexandria. 
 Thomas 11. Sill, Krie. 
 Sanniel .\. Smith, Doyle.stown. 
 Philandir Stephens. Slontrose. 
 .lohn B. Sterigere, Norristown. 
 .Joel B. Sutherland, Philadeli>liia. 
 
 Roln-rt V. llayne, Charleston. 
 
 .\slier Uobbins. Ni>w))ort. 
 Dutee.l. Pearce, Newport. 
 
 William Smith, York. 
 
 KKIMIESKXTATIVKS. 
 
 RolM'rl W. l?arn\vell, Beaufort, 
 ■lames Blair, Caimlen. 
 John Campbell. Brownsville. 
 Warren U. Davis, Pendleton. 
 William Drayton, Charleston. 
 
 Wiliain D. Martin. Barnwell. 
 (icoru'c McDntHe, I'^lgelield. 
 William C. .Vnrkolls. Ilancockville. 
 Slarlinir Tucker, Mountain Shoals. 
 
 ■ I '. lnii'.1 !(■ iiiki' liN will iitUT MUM'cssfiilly iimtostlntt llu> flii'llnn "i n-orKc Ki»li,r. 
 i: iv.-m-il ill Iv.'u . , ._^, 
 
 I ,. . i.il hi pliHi' of .Iiihii Bniiich, n-Hltciii'il; toi'k Ills wat DeccmlKT 'JK. l.sW. 
 
 ' KlJi'tiHl lii'|>liu-i' i>( .li>lin M. (MMxIi'iuiw. resl){iii'<l : l"<'lt li'» «'«' ru-ceinlHT G, 1880. 
 
TWENTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 
 
 103 
 
 John H. Eaton," Nashville. 
 Felix Grundy,'' Nashville. 
 
 John Bell, Nashville. 
 John Blair, Jonesboro. 
 David Crockett, Crocketts. 
 Eobert Desha, Gallatin. 
 Jacob C. Isacks, Winchester. 
 
 Dudley Chase, Randolph. 
 
 William Cahoon, Lyndon. 
 Horace Everett, Windsor. 
 Jonathan Hunt, Brattleboro. 
 
 Littleton W. Tazewell, Norfolk. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 SEN.iTORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Mark Alexander, Lomliardy Grove. 
 Robert Allen, Mount Jackson. 
 WilHani S. Archer, Klkhill. 
 Williaiu Annstroii);, Komney. 
 John S, Barbour, Culpeper. 
 Philip P. Barbour, i' (Jordonsville. 
 Thomas T. Bouldin, Charlotte. 
 Nathaniel H. Claiborne, Rocky Mount. 
 Richard Coke, jr., Williamsburg. 
 Robert Craig, Montgomery. 
 Thomas Davenport, Meadsville. 
 Philip Doddridge, Wellsburg. 
 Joseph Draper,'' Wythe. 
 
 Hugh Lawson White, Knoxille. 
 
 Cave Johnson, Clarksville. 
 Pryor Lea, Knoxville. 
 James K. Polk, Columl)ia. 
 James Standifer, Mount Airy. 
 
 Horatio Sevmour, Middleburv. 
 
 Rollin C. Mallary, Poultney. 
 Benjamin Swift, St. Albans. 
 
 John Tyler, Charles City. 
 
 William F. Gordon, Lindseys Store. 
 George Loyall, ' Norfolk. 
 Lewis Maxwell, Weston. 
 William McCoy, Franklin. 
 Charles F. Mercer, Leesburg. 
 Thomas Newton,.'' Norfolk. 
 John :M. Patton,f/ Fredericksburg. 
 John Roane, Kuniford Academy. 
 Alexander Smyth,* Wythe. 
 Andrew Stevenson, ' Richmond. 
 Jonn Taliaferro, Fredericksburg. 
 James Trezvant, Jerusalem. 
 
 ARKANSAS TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Amlirose II. Sevier, Little Rock. 
 FLORIDA TERRITORY. 
 
 llELEIiATK. 
 
 Joseph M. White, Montic.ello. 
 MICHIGAN TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 John Biddle,./ Detmit. 
 
 a Resigned March 9, 1K29. 
 
 6 Elected in place of John H. Eaton, resigned; took his seat December 7. 1829. 
 
 cRpsiffni'd in 1830. 
 
 rtElrci('<l in place of Alexander .Smyth, deceased; took his seat Decemljor 6, 1830. 
 
 fSui -sfnily contested the election of Thonia.s Newtou; took his seat March 9, 1830. 
 
 / Kli'ciinn Micccssfnlly contested by George Loyall. 
 
 u KU'ctnl in pljin- of Philip P. Barbonr, resigned; took his seat December 6, 1830. 
 
 'iDicil April 17, l.s;!u. 
 
 i Elected Speaker December 7, 1829. 
 
 J E.esigned February 21, 1831. 
 
TWENTY-SECOND CONGRESS. 
 
 First sea»io)i,from December S, ISSl, to July 16, 183 J. Stcimd ximuii,.from December S, 18SS, to March •■', 1S33. 
 
 ]'li('-J'resi(lfiil. — John C. C'.Ai.iiorjj," of South ('iirolina. Preni'lenln of the iSen<ile pru tempore. — 
 LiTTi.KToN W. Tazkwei.!., of Virfriiiiii, elei-teil July !•, ls:i'J; Iliiai L. White, of Tennessee, elected 
 Uui-enilior ;{, 18:!2. i^n-relnnj of Ihr Senate. — Wai.tkk Lowuik, of IViiniiylvania. 
 
 Sjieaker of the lloiiKe. — Axdkew Stevenson, <if Viitrinia. ('I<rl; of the Ilouae. — .M.vttiieh' St. Claiii 
 Clarke, of Pennsylvania. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 .•iKNATOH;S. 
 
 William R. Kinj;, Selnia. (ialiriel Mi>i>iv. Hinit.--villi-. 
 
 liKPHE-SKNTATlVES. 
 
 Clement {.'. Clay, Iliint.-ville. Samuel W. Manlis, Montevallo. 
 
 Dixon 11. Lewis, Montfionieiy. 
 
 CO-NNKCTKTT. 
 
 senators. 
 Samuel .\. Kcmt, Cheshire. Gideon Tomlinson, Kairtield. 
 
 HEI'Kh>iENTATIVE.S. 
 
 Xiives Barber, (iroton. Kaljih ,T. Inpersoll, Xew Haven. 
 
 Williaiu W. Kllsworth, Ilartfonl. William L. Storrs, .Alidilletuwh. 
 
 .lalie/, W. lluntiniituu, Litehlielil. Kbenezer Young, Killingly Center. 
 
 DKl.AWAKK. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John M. Clayton, Dover. Arnnld N'audain, Middletown. 
 
 REI'UESENT.VTIVE. 
 
 .Iiihu ,1. Millipiii, Wilmington. 
 
 GKoKi.lA. 
 
 SENATOR.S. 
 ,T..lin Fiiixyth, Aunusta. (leortfe M. Tmup. Dulilin. 
 
 UKl'liKSKXTATlVKS. 
 
 Augustin Smith Clayton, .\lhens. Wiley Thompson. KIlHMlnn. 
 
 Thomas F. Foster, Greenshonj. James .\I. Wavne. Savannah. 
 
 Henry 0. Lamar, Macon. Kichard II. W'ilde, Augusta. 
 Daniel Newman, MeDonough. 
 
 ILLINOl.'^. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Elias K. Kane, Kaskaskia. J>.hu M. Kohinson, Caruii. 
 
 HKIMtl->*KNTATIVK. 
 
 .losejih Dunean, Jacksonville. 
 
 '< Kitil^iu'd Uvccmbcr ■», 1832. 
 101 
 
TWENTY-SECOND CONGRESS. 
 
 105 
 
 Robert Hanna." 
 
 William Hendricks, Madison. 
 
 Ratliff Boon, Booneville. 
 John Carr, Charleston. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 George M. Bibb, Yellow Banks. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John Adair, Harrodsbnrg. 
 Chilton Allan, Winchester. 
 Henry Daniel, Mount Sterling. 
 Nathan Gaither, Columbia. 
 Albert G. Hawes, Hawesville. 
 Richard M. Johnson, (ireat Crossing. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Joaiah S. Johnston, Alexandria. 
 Edward Livingston. '' 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Henry A. Bullard, Alexandria. 
 Philemon Thomas, Baton Rouge. 
 
 John Holmes, Alfred. 
 
 John Anderson, Portland. 
 James Bates, Norridgewock. 
 George Evans, Gardiner. 
 Cornelius Holland, Canton. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 SENATOR.S. 
 
 Ezekiel F. Chambers, Chestertown. 
 
 REPRESENT.VnVES. 
 
 Benjamin C. Howard, Baltimore. 
 Daniel Jenifer, Allen's Fresh. 
 John L. Kerr, Eaton. 
 Cieorge E. Mitchell, ^ Elkton. 
 Benedict I. Semmes, / Piscataway. 
 
 John Tipton. '» 
 
 Jonathan McCarty, Connersville. 
 
 Henry Clay, Lexington. 
 
 Joseph Lecompte, Newcastle. 
 Robert P. Letcher, Lancaster. 
 Chittenden Lyon, Eddyville. 
 Thomas A. Marshall, Paris. 
 Christopher Tomi)kins, Glasgow. 
 Charles A. Wickliffe, Bardstown. 
 
 Gieorge A. Waggaman,"' New Orleans. 
 
 Edward D. White, Donaldsonville 
 
 Peleg Sprague, Hallowell. 
 
 Leonard .larvis, Ellsworth. 
 
 Edward Kavanagh, Damariscotta Mills. 
 
 Rufus Mclntire, Parsonsfield. 
 
 Samuel Smith, Baltimore. 
 
 Charles S. Sewall,? Elkton. 
 John S. Spence, Berlin. 
 Francis Thomas, Frederick. 
 George C. Washington, Rockville. 
 J. T. H. Worthington, Golden. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 Nathaniel Silsbee, Salem. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John Quincy Adams, Quincy. 
 
 Nathan Appleton, Boston. 
 
 Isaac C. Bates, Northampton. 
 
 George N. Briggs, Lanesboro. 
 
 Rufus Choate, Salem. 
 
 John Davis, Worcester. 
 
 Henrv A. S. Dearborn, Brookline. 
 
 Daniel AVebster, Boston. 
 
 John Reed, Yarmouth. 
 Jeremiah Nelson,'' Essex. 
 Joseph G. Kendall, Leominster. 
 James L. Hodges, Bristol. 
 George Grennell, jr., Greenfield. 
 Edward Everett, Charlestown. 
 
 « Apfiointed in place of Jame.s Noble, decoa-sed in 1831: took his scat December 5, 1831. 
 
 '>Eluclc(l in |)iac;e of James Noble, decreased in 1831, Robert Hanna having been appointed pro tempore; took bis seat 
 •lanuiiry W. ls;V2. 
 c Rcsi\.ii,d May 24, 1831, having been appointed Secretary of State. 
 <' Ekct'-i I in jilu'T of Edward Livingston, resigned in 1831; took his seat January 3, 1832. 
 c-Uicl .Inn,' 'js, 1.s;K. 
 /Took liis M_Ht February 13. 1832. 
 
 (/Elected lu place of George E. Mitchell, deeeaseil; took his seat December, 1832. 
 'iTook his seat December C. 1832. 
 
106 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIKECTORY. 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 .John J?lac'k,<' Mdiii 
 
 Powhatan Ellis,'' WinclieftiT. 
 
 George Poindexter, Wilkinson. 
 
 HKI'IIKSKNTATIVK. 
 
 Kraiiklin !•'. riiiniiuiT, Wcstville. 
 MISS(»rHl. 
 
 SEXATOR.S. 
 
 Thomas H. Benton, St. Louis. Alexander Buckner, <• Jackson. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 AVilliain II. .\shley. .^t. IvOuis. 
 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 Samuel Bell, ('he.«ter. 
 
 SEKATOR.<<. 
 
 KEPRESEXT.VTIVES. 
 
 John Brodhi'ad, Newmarket. 
 Thoma.« (^handler, Pi,«cata<mog. 
 Joseph Hammons, Farmin>;ton. 
 
 Iwiai' Hill. Cnncnrd. 
 
 Joseph M. Harper, Canterbury. 
 Henry Huhbard, Charlestown. 
 John W. Weeks, Lanea.-^ter. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Mahlciii liii'kei>i>n, Sm-kasiiiiiiy. Tbeodcirc Frelinghuysen, Newark 
 
 REI'UE.SKNTAT1VES. 
 
 Lewis Condit, Morristown. 
 Silas Condit, Newark. 
 Richard M. Cooper, Camden. 
 
 Charle.-' E. Dudlev, .\ll)aiiv. 
 William L. Marey,'' Albaiiy. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 William ( i. Anpcl, Rurlintiton. 
 William Haliiock. IVnn Yaii. 
 (iamaliel 11. Barstow, Nicliols. 
 Samuel Heanl.-ley, I'tica. 
 Jobn T. Uergeii, Hmoklyn. 
 Jd.sepb Houck, Midillcbiirn. 
 Jiilin C. lirndbcail, .Moilena. 
 CluirchillC. Cambreleiij;, New Yur 
 Jobn A. Collier. Hinj.'bamt(iii. 
 Bates Cooke, I.ewi.-^ton. 
 Charles Davan, LowviUe. 
 
 John Dickson, We.-^t 151 nliold. 
 
 riys!*es E. Doulileday, .Vubiirn. 
 Michael Hoffman, Herkimer. 
 Wilbam IIo;;an. Mot'aMshmt:. 
 Kreelxirn li. Jewett, .Skaneateles. 
 John Kinjt, North Lebanon. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Tliomas H. Hu<ihe.«, Coldsprinp. 
 James F. Randolph, New Brunswick. 
 Isaac Southar<l, Somerville. 
 
 Silas Wright, jr.' 
 
 (ierrit Y. I^nsinp, .\lbany. 
 James Lent,.'' Newtown. 
 Edmund H. Pendleton, Hyde Park. 
 .lob Pierson. Scliagblicoke. 
 Nathaniel Pitcher, .Siudyhill. 
 IMward C. I\ced. Homer. 
 Era.-tns Koot, Delhi. 
 Nathan ."^onle. Fort Plain. 
 Ji>bn W. Taylor, Ballston .springs. 
 Pbineas L. Traiy. Hatavia. 
 (iulian C. Verplanck, New York. 
 Aaron Ward, Mount Plca.-'ant. 
 Daniel Waiiwell. Manusville. 
 Cirattau II. Wheeler. Wheeler. 
 Campbell P. While. New York. 
 Frederick Whittlesey, Hoi-he.-ter. 
 Samuel J. Wilkin, Uoshen. 
 
 n.\|j|Kiliii((l In pliii'ciif piiwImtHii Klllv. rcsljifmKl; tixjk liisscol Peconibor PJ. ls,Si 
 
 '' K»*.'.lt.MH'»I .lulv U\. l.Kf.*. having bot-n tip|M>inte4l jikIk*- of t'niit'd SIiito.«* court. 
 
 ■-Diol .lunc l.^."lHJ3. 
 
 •'Rfilk'ni''! in !>«;. 
 
 <• Kloii'il in pliiii' of Willliim L. Miircv, resigned; look his sent .Tuniniry H. LsT). 
 
 /Died Kibruurv H. 1S«. 
 
 
TWENTY-SECOND CONGRESS. 
 
 107 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Bedford Brown, Browns Store. 
 
 REPRESENT.iTIVES. 
 
 Daniel L. Barringer, Raleigh. 
 
 Laughlin Bethune, Fayetteville. 
 
 John Branch, Entleld. 
 
 Samuel P. Car^ion, Pleasant Garden. 
 
 Henrv W. Conner, Shei'ills Ford. 
 
 Thomas H. Hall, Tarlwrn. 
 
 M. T. Hawkins, Granville. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 Willie P. Mangum, Red Mountain. 
 
 James J. McKay," Elizabeth. 
 Abraham Rencher, Pittsboro. 
 William B. Shepard, Elizabeth City. 
 A. H. Sheppard, (Termantown. 
 Jesse Speight, Stantonaburg. 
 Lewis Williams, Panther Creek. 
 
 Thomas Ewing, Lancaster. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 KEPRESENT.^TIVES. 
 
 Elutheros Cooke, Sandusky. 
 Thomas Corwin, Lebanon. 
 Joseph H. Crane, Dayton. 
 William Creighton, jr., Chillicothe. 
 James Findlay, Cincinnati. 
 William W. Irvin, Lancaster. 
 William Kennon, St. Clairsville. 
 
 Benjamin Ruggles, St. Clairsville. 
 
 Humphrey H. Leavitt, Steubenville. 
 William Russel, West ITnion. 
 William Stanberry, Xewark. 
 John Thomson, New Lisbon. 
 Joseph Vance, Urljana. 
 Samuel F. Vinton, Gallipolis. 
 Elisha Whittlesey, Gartield. 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Isaac D. Barnard. 
 George M. Dallas, 
 
 Philadelphia. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Robert Allison, Huntington C'enter. 
 
 John Banks, Mercer. 
 
 John C. Bucher, Harrisburg. 
 
 George Burd, Bedford. 
 
 Richard Coulter, Greensliurg. 
 
 Thomas H. Crawford, Chambersliur^ 
 
 Harmer Denny, Pittslnirg. 
 
 Lewis Dewart, Sunbury. 
 
 Joshua Evans, Paoli. 
 
 James Ford, Lawrenceville. 
 
 John Gilmore, Butler. 
 
 William Heister, New Holland. 
 
 Henry Horn, Philadelphia. 
 
 William AVilkins, Pittsburg. 
 
 Peter Ihrie, jr., Easton. 
 Adam King, York. 
 Henry King, Allentown. 
 Joel K. Mann, Jenkentown. 
 Henry A. Muhlenberg, Reading. 
 Thomas M. L. McKennan, Washington. 
 Robert McCoy, Carlisle. 
 David Potts, jr., Pottstown. 
 Samuel A. Smith, Rock Hill. 
 Philander Stephens, Montrose. 
 Andrew Stewart, I'niontown. 
 Joel B. Sutherland, Philadeljihia. 
 John G. AVatmougli, Philadeliihia. 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Nehemiah R. Knight, Providence. Asher Robbins, Newport. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Tristam Burges, Provident'e. Dutee J. Pearce, Newport. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John C. Calhoun.'' 
 
 Robert Y'. Hayne,'' Charleston. 
 
 REPRE.SENTATIVES. 
 
 Robert W. Barnwell, Beaufort. 
 James Blair, Lynchwood. 
 Warren R. Davis, Pendleton. 
 William Drayton, Charleston. 
 John M. Felder, Orangeburg. 
 
 Stephen D. Miller. Camden. 
 
 John K. Griffin, Milton. 
 Thomas R. Mitchell, <Teorgelown. 
 George McDuffie, EdgetieU. 
 William C. Nuckolls, Hancockville. 
 
 (1 Took his seat February 20, 1832. 
 
 '» Resigned December. 1.S31. 
 
 f Eleeterl in place of I. [). Barnard, resigned; took liis seat December 21, 1831. 
 
 ''Elected in place (if Robert Y. Hayne. resigned; took his seat January 4, 1833. 
 
 f Resigned in lS:i2, having been elected governor 
 
108 
 
 CONOBICSSIONAL UlUECTOKY. 
 
 Felix CTnimlv, Nashvillf 
 
 TKNNliSSEE. 
 
 REl'REISKNTATIVES. 
 
 Thomas D. Arnold, Campbell Station. 
 Joliii Bell, Na.«hville. 
 Jolm Hliiir, .IiiiK'slioro. 
 AVilliain Fit/Keralil, l)res<len. 
 William Hall, Green (Jarden. 
 
 Samuel I'rentiss, 5Iontpelier. 
 
 Henian Allen,'' Kraiikliii. 
 William t'ahcion, l.ynilim. 
 Hoiaee Everett, Windsor. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 SE.NATOR.S. 
 KErilESKNTATIVES. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 Hugh Ijiwson White," Knoxville. 
 
 Jacob C. Isaoks, Winehester. 
 Cave .Tohnson, Clarksville. 
 •lamer' K. I'lilk, Columbia. 
 James Standiler, Mount .\iry. 
 
 Horatio Seymour, Midillelmry. 
 
 Hilaiid Hall. 
 
 Jonathan Hunt,'' Brattleboro. 
 
 William Slade, Middlebury. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 William C. Rives.'' 
 
 Littleton W. Tazewell, " Norfolk. 
 
 KEI'UESENTATIVES. 
 
 Mark Alexander, Lomhardy. 
 Robert -Mien. Mount Jackson. 
 William S. Archer, Klkhill. 
 William .VrinHlronK, Konniey. 
 John S. Harbiim-, (.'ulpeper. 
 Thomas T. Houldin, Charlotte. 
 Joseiih W. Cliiiiii. .Nutlsvillc. 
 Nathaniel 11. Claiborne. Rockymount. 
 Richard Coke, jr., Williamsburg. 
 Robert Crai-;, Montgomery. 
 Thomas Haveiiport. Mcadsville. 
 l'hilii> Doddridge, .'' Wellsburg. 
 
 John Tyler, Gloucester. 
 
 Joseph Draper. 
 
 William V. Ciordon. I.indseys Store. 
 .Joseph Johnson.!/ 
 Charles C. Johnston,'' .\bingdon. 
 John Y. Mason, Hicksl'ord. 
 Lewis .Maxwell, Weston. 
 Charles Kent' in Mcn-er, l.^'esburg. 
 William McCoy. Kranklin. 
 Thomas Newton, Norfolk. 
 John yi. I'atton, Fredericksburg. 
 John J. Roane, Rumford .Veademy. 
 Andrew Stevenson, ' Richmond. 
 
 ARKANSAS TERRITORY. 
 
 nELEOATE. 
 
 Ambrose H. Sevier, I.ittlc Rock. 
 FLORIDA TERRITORY. 
 
 nEI.EGATE. 
 
 Joseph M. White, Montieello. 
 
 miciiutAN territory. 
 
 HELEIiATE. 
 
 -Vustin E. Wing, Monroe. 
 
 •I Elccli'il I'rosiilpiit pro ti'injiiirc Dt'cuiiitier S, IsSJ. 
 
 fcTimk Ills scut .luiu'ja, 1S3^. 
 
 cVh<\ Mnv H. 1.W-'. 
 
 'iKliiti'l ill pluri' of I.illli'ton W. Tiizewi'll. rosiKiieil; t<K)k liis si-at Jnnunry <, 18SS. 
 
 rEliTl.il I'rcsidriil pro tiinimrc July 9. 1.>'S2: nwlKiiedJiily If.. IfCRi. 
 
 /Ii|i<l .Viivi-mbir PJ. !»;!■.>. 
 
 KUitiil In pliu-i' of Philip n<MlilrUl)!e. doocnsod; look his scut January 21, 1833. 
 'iDUil Jiiiu- IT, 1S,12. 
 
 1 ElwluJ i-pi'ttkiT Dwji-mbiT S, 1S31. 
 
TWENTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 
 
 Firnl n/'xKion, from December -J, IS.i.i, l<> June 30, 1SS4. Second sessionj'rorn December 1, IS.I4, to March 3, 1S35. 
 
 Vice-President. — Martin Van Buren, of New York. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. — Hfon 
 L.vwsoN White, of Tennessee; (teorge Poindexter, of Mississippi, electedjune 28, 1834; John Tyler, 
 of Virginia, elected Marcli o, 1835. Sccretari/ of Die Senate. — Walter Lowrie, of Pennsylvania. 
 
 Speakers of the Ilunse. — Andrew Stevenson, of Virginia; John Beli,, of Tennessee, eleeteil .Inne 2, 
 1834. Speaker of the House pro tempore. — Henry Hubbard, of New Hampshire. Clerk of the House. — 
 Walter S. Franklin, of Penusvlvania. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 William K. King, Selnui. 
 
 Clement C. Clay, Huntsville. 
 Dixon II. Lewis, Lowiidesboro. 
 John McKinley, Florence. 
 
 sen.vtors. 
 
 REI'KESENTATI VES. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 senators. 
 (iideon Tomlinson, Fairfield. 
 
 KEl'llESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Noyes Barber, Grotoii. 
 William W. Ellsworth," Hartford. 
 Samuel A. Foot,'' Cheshire. 
 Jabez W. Huntington,' Litchlield. 
 Ebenezer Jackson,'' Middletown. 
 
 Gabriel Moore, Huntsville. 
 
 Samuel W. Mardis, Monfevallo. 
 John Murphy, Claiborne. 
 
 Nathan Smith, New Haven. 
 
 Phineas ^liner, ' Litchfield. 
 Joseph Trumbull,.'' Hartford. 
 Samuel Tweedy, Danl)ury. 
 Ebenezer Young, Killingly Center. 
 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John ^L Clayton, Dover. 
 
 Arnold Naudain, Wilmington. 
 
 KEI'RESENTATIVE. 
 
 John J. .Milligan, Wilmington. 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 Alfred Cuthbert.? 
 
 John Forsvth,'' Columbus. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Augustin S. Clayton, Athens. 
 John Coffee, Jacksonville. 
 Thomas F. Foster, (_ireensboro. 
 R. L. Gamble, Louisville. 
 G. R. Gilmer, Lexington. 
 
 John P. King, Augusta. 
 
 Sealjorn Jones, Colundms. 
 William S<-hley, Augusta. 
 James M. Wavne, ' Savannah 
 Richard II. Wil.le, Augusta. 
 
 "Resigned in 1834. 
 
 6 Resigned in l.'<34, having been elected governor. 
 
 f Resigned in 1831. liaving been ajiinniitud judge of the supreme court of errors. 
 
 f'Kleeied in place ol Samuel .V. Fnttt, resi^Mied; tonk his seal Deeeniberl, 1834. 
 
 ''Elected in i»laei- r)f .lalie/ W. Huulington. resigned; tuuk his seat December 1. 1834. 
 
 .f Elected in pl.ice of William W. Ellsworth, resigned; look his seat December 1, 1834. 
 
 u V.\\'rWi\ in placi- of .lohu Forsyth, resigned: took his seat January 12, 1835. 
 
 /' lvesigue<l .lune '1~ , \s,\-[, having been appointed secretary of state. 
 
 ' Kcsigm-d .lanuary 13, 1S35. 
 
 109 
 
Ill) 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 I'.liiis K. Kiiiu', Ka.ikaskin. 
 
 Ziidnc Ciisi'v, Mciiint Vernon. 
 .Iiisciih nuiuan," .hicksnnville. 
 William L. .May,'' SpiinglicUl. 
 
 KKPHK8KSTATIVKS. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 .Tolin M. rtoliinson, Caniii. 
 
 John Keynolils, "■ Hflleville. 
 Charlec ISlade,'' Carlyle. 
 
 William llcM.lric-ks, Malli^'lln. 
 
 HKI'RESKNTATIVES. 
 
 Katlill Hoon, Booiioville. 
 
 .loliri Carr, ("liarUvton. 
 
 .Tnhn Kwin^r. \'inivnnes. 
 
 KilwanI A. liiinnegan, Covintrton. 
 
 .John Tipton, Logansport. 
 
 (ieorire L. Kinnartl. Indianapolis. 
 .\ni<is Lane, LawrenivUnrj;. 
 .lonalhan McCartv, Kort Wavne. 
 
 KKNTl'CKY. 
 
 (ioorpo M. Hil>l', Y>'llo\v Kaiikt'. 
 
 HEPUESKSTATn l---* 
 
 Cliiltnn Allan, Winchoster. 
 Martin IUmIv, Smitli Kork. 
 TliciMiaM I'liilton, Klizalicthttnvn. 
 Ainiif l>!ivix, Monnl ."^ti'rlini.'. 
 Hiiijaiuin llanlin, Manlslnwn. 
 Albert li lla\vf.«, llawosvilU". 
 Kiclianl M. Jolin>'on, (iroat Ons.-iini,'^. 
 
 Ilonry Clay, I.^'xington. 
 
 Kobert P. Letoher. ' Ijinra.«ter. 
 .lanic." Love, Barbonrville. 
 Chittenden l.vun. Kdilvville. 
 Thnnias A. Marshall, I'ari.^i. 
 1'. 11. Pope, Limisville. 
 Christopher Toinjikin!', Glasjjow. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 .Joseph S. .lohnston..'' 
 .\lexander Porter,ff New Orleans. 
 
 11KI'RKSENT.\TIVRS. 
 
 Henry .\. Pnllard,'' Alexandria. 
 
 Hire (iarland, ' O|>eloiisas. 
 
 Ilelirv .lolmson, / Thihodeauxville 
 
 George .\. Wapjninian, New Orleans. 
 
 Philemon Thomas, Baton Ronge. 
 Kdward D. White,* Uonaldsonville. 
 
 MA INK. 
 
 .lolin RnpRle-s. ' 
 Ktlier Shepley, Sai'o, 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 ItEi'RESiENTATIVES. 
 
 Iteorjio Kvans. (lardiner. 
 .loseph Hall, Camden. 
 Leonard .larvis, lOllsworth. 
 Kilward Karaiiaiili. Damarisi'otta. 
 
 Peleg Spragiie,'" Hallowell. 
 
 Moses MasJon, jr., Bethel. 
 Rufus Melntire. Pan^oi\.s|ield. 
 Gorliam Parks, Banjjor. 
 Francis O. .L Smith, Pi>rtland. 
 
 " Ri'siKiioil In 18S4, tiAVing Ijceii cIitKmI mvornor. 
 
 It Eli'iti'il In plHi'i' of Jivst'i'li iMincHii. rosiifiioil; limit Ills si-at PocomlHT 1. 1S»4. 
 <• Eloeli'il ill |ilmi' of C'linrlfS Sliliti'. ili'<'i*«i-<l; lix>li Ills scut DlfomlHT I, l!Wt. 
 'UMi'il .lulv. IKM. 
 
 ••Eli'.iii>iriiiisiiiM('ss(ir.lv <imli\«tcil l)v Tlxmins I'. XUxm^; I<><>k Ills soal Peoembcr 1, ISM. 
 / DI.mI Mhv I'l, is:u. 
 
 u Kli-il<>l In iiliiiT ef .losi'ph .>i. .luliiiston. ilficnstxl. in 1833; toek his soni Jannnry 6, ISW. 
 ^ |{i>l>;ii.-.| ill IMI. liiivliiK Lii'ii iii.|HilnIi'<l jiiilRe nt tlu' «iipr>'mo roiiri <i( Louisiana. 
 ' Kli rliit In i.liiiv ot ll.lirv A. lliilliinl. irsiKMicil. Iik.I; liis Mill April -■>', IVVI. 
 JKliTUil ill pliuciif K.lwnnI H. Wliili'. r»-.sl),MUHl; loik his s«>al DircnilMT I. 1SS4. 
 1 Rcslk-iiiil ill iJvti. Iinvini: lnvn elertol Kovi-mor. 
 
 I Kl.-i ir.l III pill.'.. i.( IVli'K .<pniKni'. rt'sluiiiMl; look his seal Febniary (>. l.siV 
 "1 Ki'siciu'd Jiininiry 1. IsiS. 
 
TWENTY-THIRD CONGRESS. Ill 
 
 AIARYLAXD. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Ezekiel F. Chamhprs," Oharlestdwn. Joseph Kent, Bladensburg. 
 
 Robert H. Golclslioruunli.'' 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Richard B. Cariniohael, Centervillc. John N. Steele/' Vienna. 
 
 Littleton V. l)enni.«, ' l'rince.'<s Anne. John T. Stoildart, fhirris Lot. 
 
 Jamen P. Heath, Raltinuire. Francis Thomas, Freilerick. 
 
 William Cost Johnson, .h'fferscin. James Turner, Wisebnrg. 
 Isaac McKim, Baltimore. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 SENATOKS. 
 
 Nathaniel Silsbee, Salem. Daniel Webster, Boston. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John iiuincy Ailams, tjnincy. Benjamin (iorham, Boston. 
 
 Isaac C. Bates, Northam|iton. George (iremiell, jr., Greenfield. 
 
 William Baylies, West Bridt'ovvater. William Jack.«on,./' Newton. 
 
 George N. Briggs, Lanesboro. Levi Lincdln.f/ Worcester. 
 
 Rul'ns Choate," Salem. Gayton I'. Osgciiid, North Andover. 
 
 John Davis, e Worcester. Stephen ('. I'hillips,'' Salem. 
 
 Rlward Everett, Charlest<j\vn. John Keed, Yarmouth. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 ,h)hn Black, Monroe. George Poinde.xter, ' Wilkinson. 
 
 REPRESKN'rATIVES. 
 
 Harry Cage, Woodville. Franklin K. Phmimcr, Weslvillc. 
 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Thomas H. Benton, St. Louis. Lewis F. Linn,'*' St. Louis. 
 
 Alexander Buckner..' 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES, 
 
 William 11. Ashley, St. Louis. John Bull, Chaiitou. 
 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Samuel \',v\], Chester. Isaac Hill, Cducord. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Benning M. Bean, Moultenhon.. Henry Hubbard, Charle-stown. 
 
 Robert Burns, Hebron. Franklin Pierce, Ilillsboro. 
 
 Joseph M. Harper, Canterhuiy. 
 
 NEW JIORSEY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Tlieodore Frelinghuyseu, Newark. Samuel L. Southard, Trenton. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Philemon Dickersou, Paterson. .Tallies Parker, Perth Anibov. 
 
 Samuel Flower, Hamburg. Ferdinand S. Schenck, Six 'Mile Run. 
 
 Thomas Lee, Port Elizabeth. William N. Shinn, Mount Hollv. 
 
 n Ri'sifjiiccl in 1S34. 
 
 '' Klt'i'li-il ill iiliu'u of Ezekiel F, Chumljers. resigneit; tnoli his scat .laiiiiarv 2i, 1.S35. 
 ■•Ilied April 11, 1,h;M. 
 
 '( Kleclvd ill phiee iif Ijiifletiiii P, Dennis, cieeeaseit; liuik his seat ,Iiine 9, 1834, 
 I'HesiKiiecl ill ls:!l, luiviiif,' been elected governor, 
 .fToiik his seal March 17. IS;M, 
 
 H Kleeleil in pliiee ii! ,lolni lliivis, resiKlii'il ; took llis seat March 5, 1834. 
 'I Kleeleil in pjaee ><! Hiiliis Choate. ri'sisiu'cl: took his ,seat December 1, 1.S34. 
 'IClecteil ITesidelit pro (einpore .June ■J,S. 1834, 
 ./Died Jiiiii- 1,'., 1833, 
 
 ''-.Vpiiointed ill place nf Alexander Bnekner, deceased, in 1833: took his seat December Ifi, 1,S33'. snbsciinentlv elected by 
 the lejxishitiire. 
 
11: 
 
 CONGRflSSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Nathaniel 1*. Tnlliuad^re, Poughkeepsie. 
 
 UEPRKSENTATIVF 
 
 .I..I111 A.liiiii.s Catskill. 
 J^aiimcl BfarilsU'v, I'tica. 
 Abraliani Kuckfe, Kedenil Store. 
 CliaiU's HchIIc, Ulooinin^hiir};. 
 John W. Hro« 11, Ncwbiirf;. 
 Chiirchill ('. C'ainhf'U'iij;, Now York. 
 Samuel Clark, Waterloo. 
 .Icihii Cramer, Waterford. 
 Kciwlaiid Ihiy, ."^eiiiiiroiiius. 
 .lolm Dicksdii, West Hloonitield. 
 Cliarles (i. Ferris," New York. 
 Millard Fillmore, Huffalo. 
 I'liilo C. Fuller, ( ieiieseo. 
 William K. Fuller, Chitteiiango. 
 Kansoin II. (iillet, ()};ileii.shur'». 
 Nienll llalsey. Trmuanslmrt;. 
 (iideoii Ilaril. .Vlliiini. 
 Samuel (i. Hathaway, Solon. 
 Ahner Ilazeltine, .lamestown. 
 E.lward Howell, Hath. 
 \\k'\ iluntin^'ton, Fast llaiii|>ton. 
 
 SilaH Wriglit, jr.. Canton. 
 
 Noadiah Johnson, Pelhi. 
 (ierrit Y. Lansing, .Vlhany. 
 Cornelius W. Lawrenee. '' New York. 
 (ieiirge W. Lay, Halavia. 
 .\liijali Mann, jr., Fairlield. 
 Henry C. Martindale. .^andy Hill. 
 Henry .Milehell, Norwich, 
 .lolin ,1. Morgan,' New York. 
 C'harles MeVeaii, Canajoharie. 
 ."^herujan Page, I'nadilla. 
 Jolt I'ierson. Sehaghtieoke. 
 Dnillov Selden,'' New York. 
 William Tavlor, Mauliu.s. 
 .I.M-I Turrell, O^weg... 
 .\arou \'an(ler|Hiel, Kinderhook. 
 Isaae B. Van llouten, Clarkstown. 
 .\aron Ward. Mount Plea.sant. 
 Daniel Wardwell, Mamisville. 
 Kenheu Wlialinn, Split Koek. 
 Cami>l)ell 1'. White, New York. 
 Frederiek Whittlesev, Rochester. 
 
 NORTH CAROLLNA. 
 
 SENATOU.S. 
 
 Bedford Brown. Browns Sture. 
 
 HEPKKSENT ATI V K.s. 
 
 Daniel L. Barringer, Kaleigh. 
 Jesse A. Bynum, Halifax. 
 Henry W. Conner, Sherrills Ford. 
 Fdniund Deherry, Lawreneeville. 
 .lames (iraham, Hulherford. 
 Thomas H. Hall, Tarboro. 
 Mieajah T. Hawkins, Warrentou. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 Willie 1'. Mangnin, Ui'd -Mountain. 
 
 James J. JIcKay, Elizaln'thtown. 
 .Vhrahani Keneher, Pittshoro. 
 William B. Shepard, Elizatieth City. 
 A. H. Shepherd, < ierniantowu. 
 •lesse Speight. Stantonslp\irg. 
 Lewis Williams. Panther Creek. 
 
 Thomas Kwim.', I.aueasier. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 KEl'KESEXTATIVES. 
 
 William Allen, Chillicolhe. 
 James M. Bell, Camliridge. 
 John Chaney, Courtwright. 
 Thomas Corwin, Lebanon. 
 Jose|)h H. Crane, Ihiyton. 
 Thomas L. Haujer, (Jeorgelown. 
 Benjamin Junes, Worcester. 
 Daniel Kilyore, ' Cadiz. 
 Humphrev H. Leavitt,.' Steubenville. 
 Robert T.'Lvtle,» Cincinnati. 
 
 Thomas >birris. Bethel. 
 
 Jeremiali McLene, Cohnnbua. 
 Robert Mitchell, Z;inesville. 
 William Patterson, Manslield. 
 .Innathan Sloane. Havemia. 
 David .'^pangler, Coshocton. 
 John Thomson, New Lisbon. 
 Joseph Vance. I'rbana. 
 Samuel F. Vinton. (iallijMilis. 
 Taylcir Webster, Hamilton. 
 IClisha Whittlesey, Cautield. 
 
 PENNSYLVANLV. 
 
 James Buchanan,'' Umeaster. 
 .Samuel McKean, Burlingtun. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 .T()«'ph B. Anthony, Williamsport. 
 John Banks, .Mercer. 
 Charle.H A. Barnitz, York. 
 Andrew Beaumont, Wilke.sbarre. 
 
 William Wilkins, ' Pittsburg- 
 
 Horace Binney. Phihulelphia. 
 (teorge Bunl. Beilfnril. 
 Cieorge Chand>ers, Chamlx-i-sburg. 
 William Clark, Dauphin. 
 
 nEU'i'tt'ii in piiicf of I>iiiUev SfUten. rcsipm-d: ti>itk IiIh >eat ncccmtHT I. 1S;M. 
 
 '• Rt'.-lKiif<l In Istil. ImvliiK i'fiMi cIimIciI iiuiyiirnf New York I'ily. 
 
 <■ Kli'ind 111 pljiic of (•onicllus \V. Lawruiici', ro>iKii<'<l; look liLs sunt Dwi'inlwr 1, IKVl 
 
 ''Kt'.xii.'iK'il ill \K^. 
 
 ' KU'cliil in pliii'i' of Hiimphn'y H. I.viiviU. ro.-iKned; look his sent rXH"cmbor 1, 18»t. 
 
 / Itt'MiKiK-'i in \KV\. Imvint; Iircii iipfHiiiilnl jmlgo of Ihr I'nitiil Stale.'* district i-ourt. 
 
 1/ Kterted to supply Ilie viicalley i-iin?-ed t>y hisown resiKnulioli; UK>lin ttxik 1» is seat 
 
 /"Klictid in pliicc of William wilkins. resiglu'd; took tii» si'al Iieeeliitier !.'>. IISM. 
 
 'KesiKiied Jane :iu. 1.h:i^I. liavinK l>e( n appointed minister to KnsHla. 
 
 Deeeinlwr 27, 1S»4. 
 
TWENTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 
 
 118 
 
 Rirliard Coulter, Greensburg. 
 P'dward 1 larlington, Chester. 
 HariiuT Denny, Pittsburg. 
 John (iall)raith, Franklin. 
 James Ilariier, Philadelphia. 
 Saninel S. Harri.son, Kittanning. 
 JiiM'ph Ilenilerson, Browns Mills. 
 William Hiester, New Holland. 
 Henry King, AlJentown. 
 John Laporte, Asylum. 
 
 T. M. T. McKennan, Washington. 
 Joel K. Mann, Jenkintown. 
 Jesse Miller, Landishurg. 
 Henry A. Muhlenburg, Reading. 
 David Potts, jr., Pott.stown. 
 Robert Ramsay, Hartsville. 
 Andrew Stewart, Uniontown. 
 Joel B. Sutherland, Philadelphia. 
 David D. Wagener, Easton. 
 John (_T. Watmough, Philadelpliia. 
 
 RHODE ISLAXD. 
 
 Nehemiah H. Knight, Providence. 
 
 Asher Robbins," Newport. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Tristam Barges, I'rovidence. Dutee J. Pearee, New-port. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John ('. Calhiiun. Furt Hill. 
 
 KEPKESEXT.VTIVE.^ 
 
 James Blair,'' Lynch\vo(id. 
 Robert B. Campbell, <■ Brownsville. 
 William K. Clowney, Union. 
 Warren R. Davis,'' Pendleton. 
 John M. Felder, Orangeburg. 
 William J. Grayson, Beaufort. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 William C. Preston, CJolumbia. 
 
 John K. GritHn, Milton. 
 Richard I. Manning, -' Fulton, 
 (ieorge McDuflie,.'' Willington. 
 Francis W. Pickens,;/ Edgefield. 
 Henry L. Pinckney, Charleston. 
 Thomas D. Singleton.'' 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Felix (Jnmcly, Nashville. 
 
 REPRESENT ATI VE.S. 
 
 John Bell, .'■ Nashville. 
 
 John Blair, Jonesboro. 
 
 Samuel Bunch, Rutledge. 
 
 David Crockett, Crokett. 
 
 David W. Dickin.S(in, ;\Iurfreesboro. 
 
 William C. Dunlap, Bolivar. 
 
 John B. Forester, McMinnville. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 Hugh Lawson White, ' Knoxville. 
 
 AVilliam M. Inge, Fayetteville. 
 Cave Johnson, Clarksville. 
 Luke Lea, Campbells Station. 
 Balie Peyton, Gallatin. 
 James K. Polk, Columbia. 
 James Standifer, Blount Airv. 
 
 Samuel Prentiss, Montpelier. 
 
 Heman Allen, Burlington. 
 Banjamin F. Deming,* Danville. 
 Horace Everett, Windsor. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 It EPHESKNTA TI V ES. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 Benjamin Swift, St. Allians. 
 
 Hiland Hall, Bennington. 
 Henry F. Janes, ' Waterbury. 
 William Slade, Middleburv. 
 
 Benjamin W. Leigh."' 
 
 William C. Rives,.'" Lindseys Store. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John Tyler," Ldoucester. 
 
 KEPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John J. Allen, Clarksburg. 
 William S. Archer, Elkhill. 
 James M. H. Beale, Newmarket. 
 
 James W. Bouldiu," Charlotte. 
 Thomas T. Bouldin,/' Charlotte. 
 Joseph W. Chinn, Nuttsville. 
 
 nSeat unsuccessfully conte.sted bv E. R. Potter. 
 
 '•Died April 1, 1834. 
 
 "■Elected in place of Thomas D. Singleton, deceased in 1.SS5; took his seat February 'J 
 
 i> Died .January 29, 18.3.5. 
 
 t Elected in place of James Blair, deceased; took his seat December 8, 1834. 
 
 /HesiKued in 1.S34. 
 
 r/ Elected in place of George McDuilie, resigned: took his seat December s. 1.S34. 
 
 '1 Died in 1833. 
 
 i President pro tempore. 
 
 jElected Speaker ,Iune 2, 1834, in place of .Andrew Stevenson, resigned. 
 
 *Died.luly 11. 1834. 
 
 ' Elcctcil in place of Benjamin F. Deming, deceased: took his seat December 2, 1834. 
 
 TO Elected in place of William C. Rives, resigned: took his seat March b, 1834, 
 
 "Elected I'resulent pro tempore March ;i, ls:i.'i. 
 
 oElccted in place of Thomas T, Bouldin, dcccn.scd: took his seat March 2.8, 1834. 
 
 j'Died February 11, 1834. in his seat, wliile addressing the House, 
 
 H. Doc. 4r)S s 
 
114 rON(lRKasi(iNAI, DIKKCTORY. 
 
 Nathaniel II. ('liiilmriw, Kockx inimiit. Sainncl McDowell Mimiv, LcNiiiKton. 
 
 Tliniiia.i I)!ivi'iipnrt. Mcailsvillf. ("liarleH K. Mitcit, Ahlic. 
 
 .Inlin II. Fnlloii, Ahiiit-ildii. .Inhii M. I'attoii, KrtMliTickstiurjj. 
 
 .laincs II. (iliolwiii, I'lTiivalH. .loliii HulnTtwin," KichinoiKl. 
 
 William F. Cionioii. I.iiulwys Store. .\nilrc\v Stcvi'iiwiii,'' Kii'hinond. 
 
 (u'or^'c Loyall, .Norfolk. William 1*. Taylor, P'rc'ilcrickslaiix. 
 
 Kdwant l,iiia.«, Cliarli'.-Jtow 11. Md^iarC Wilson, Mor;:aiitowii. 
 
 John Y. ^hulon, llickwlonl. Henry .\. Wise, Unancuek. 
 William McComas, Cireenbrier. 
 
 AKKAN.^^AS TKKKITOIJY. 
 
 DKI.KOATK. 
 
 Amhrose H. Sevier, Ijftle Kork. 
 I'l,(ii;il).\ TKKKITOKY. 
 
 IIKI.IOOATK. 
 
 •Tosepli M. Wliile, .Moiili.-ello. 
 MlCllKiAN TKUKITOKY. 
 
 l>Kl.E(i.\TK, 
 
 Lucius Lvon, lironson. 
 
 " Elccti'ii In plaiH' <>( Andrew Stoven.'ioii, rosiKiicil; liiok liis .«nit DecembiT K, 1SS4. 
 ''Elected Spenker December 2, lH3a; nnd reslKiied Ills sent in Congresw June J, 1.S34. 
 
TWENTY-FOURTH C0NGEE8S. 
 
 First iic.isioti,fro)ii Ihccmher 7, ISS't, in .Tiiln .',. l&Slj. Stroud .scw/oo, /Vo»i Jkrrmlnr ,T, ISSO, fa Mmxh .i, 1SS7. 
 
 Vire-PresiiiJent. — Martin Van Buren, of New Yiirk. PrenUhnl tif tin' Sevtitv. pro tempore. — William 
 R. King, of Alabama, elected July 1, 1836, and again elected January 28, 1837. Secretaries of the 
 Senate. — Walter J^owrie, of Pennsvlvania; AsnuRv Dickens, of North Carolina, elected December 
 12. 1836. 
 
 Speaker of tlie Itiinne. — James K. Tolk, of TenneHsee. Clerk of the Ifi;iixr. — Walter S. Franklin, 
 of Pennsvlvania. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 senators. 
 \Villi:iiii K. Kiiitr," Selina. (Jaliricl Moorf, lluiitsvillc. 
 
 representatives. 
 Reuben Oluiimian, Soniervillc. Francis S, l.yoii, I H'uiopolis. 
 
 Joab Lawler, Mardisville. Joshua 1,. .Martin, Athens. 
 
 Dixon H. Lewis,'' Lowndesboro. 
 
 ARKANSAS 
 
 senators. 
 William S. Fult.m,'' Little Roi'k. .Vmlirose II. Sevier,'' Lake Port. 
 
 KEI'UKSENT A'l'IVE. 
 
 .\rchibaM Yell, ■■ Fayetteville. 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 SEN.VTORS. 
 
 Nathan Smith.'' Gideon Tninlinsnii, Fairfield. 
 
 John M. Niles, « Hartford. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Elisha Halev, Mvstic. Lancelot Phelps, llilchcockville. 
 
 Orrin Holt,.'"' WiUington. Isaac Toucey, Hartford. 
 
 Samuel Inghaui, Saybrook. Thomas T. Whittlesey,!' Danliury. 
 
 Andrew T. Jud.'Jon, Canterbury. Zahimn Wiidnuni.'' 
 
 delawarf:. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Richard II. Bayard,^' Wilmin^'tmi. Thomas Clayton,'' Dover. 
 
 John M. Clayton, J Dover. Arnold Naudain, ' Wilmington. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 .Tohn J. Milligan, Wilmington. 
 
 " Klfi-tc.l I'rc'.ifli'Ht prn tempore .hilv 1. Is:ir,. mid .liniuarv 2S, 1S37. 
 ''TciipI; liisM'iil March s, 1.S3I1. 
 '■ TiHil; tiissoit I'cccmlicr .'i, ].s:i(>. 
 'Miiccl IiciTiiilicTi;. is:i5. 
 
 • Apiinintcil in pliicv nf .Niithiiii Smilli, <loccnac<\, Doceraber 11, l.s;»; tnek his seat Decemljer 21, Lsitt; sul)seqiK'iitly clci'leil 
 tiy (Ik- li-Kislulurf. 
 /TiHiIc liis sent licci'inlMTl). ls.sr,, 
 
 (/Klcctort ill pliLiT 111 /.iiliiKill Wiliimiin, ilocoiiacii; tixil; his scmiI .\|>ril 'JSI. I.S36. 
 '' Dicil Dcci-nilnT 1(1, l.sitt. 
 
 ' Klrili'i] ill i.liirc of Aniolfl Nrtiiilaiii. rcsigneil; toiilc hi.s seat June 20, 183e. 
 ,/ lv<-<itriuTl in is:f(i. 
 
 '. i':ifcii'(l in piaci' <if .Ii)hn M. Clayton, resigned; took his seal January 19, 1837. 
 'Resigned June li;, isai;. 
 
 115 
 
110 
 
 COMJKKSSIdXAI, DIHKl'TuKV. 
 (iKoUCIA. 
 
 Alfred CullilKit. Mmitiiilli 
 
 SKN AT(1HS. 
 
 l<KI'ltf>iKNrATl\ US. 
 
 .Tuliiis C. Alford." 
 JesKe F. Cleveland, Peiatur. 
 .lolin Coffee,'' Jaeksonville. 
 William C. Dawson. ■' (ireenslxiin 
 Thonia.« (ila.seock, Aiigu.-ita. 
 Seatun tirantland, Milledgevilie. 
 
 William L. I). Kwin<r, ' Vandalia. 
 Klias Kent Kane,.' Kaskaskia. 
 
 1 1,1,1 Mils. 
 
 SKN ATOMS. 
 
 .lolin I', Kiiic, Augusta. 
 
 Charles i;. Ilaynes, Sparta. 
 Hopkins I lolsey. Hamilton. 
 Jaliez .lack.son, Clarkesville. 
 (teorfie W. Owens, Savannah, 
 (ieortje W. Towns,'' Talholtim. 
 
 .lohii M. Kohinson, Carmi. 
 
 Zadoc Casey, .Mount Vernon. 
 John Keynolds, Jielleville. 
 
 UKI'KKSKSTATlVI'i-. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 William I,. May, Springfield. 
 
 SKXATOHS. 
 
 William llenilricks. Madison. 
 
 KKI-KKSK.VrATIVES. 
 
 Katliff Boon, Bnonville. 
 John Carr, Charleston. 
 John W. Davis, Carlisle. 
 Kdward A. Hanne^an, Covington. 
 
 John Tipton. Logansjiort. 
 
 William Herod, f Colundnis. 
 George L. Kinnard,'' Indiana|><>lis. 
 Amos I,iine. Lawrencehurg. 
 Jonathan MeCartv. Fort Wavne. 
 
 KKNTCCKY. 
 
 Henrv (lav, Lexington. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John J. Crittenden, Frankfort. 
 
 UEPRESEXTATI V ES. 
 
 Chilton Allan, Winehester. 
 Linn Jiovd, New Design. 
 .Tolin Calhoun, Hanlinslnn-g. 
 John Chandlers, Washington. 
 Kichard French, Mount Sterling 
 William .1, (iraves, Newcastle. 
 Henjamin Hardin, Banlstown. 
 
 Alexander Monton. ' 
 Roln-rt Carter Nicdiolas..' 
 
 LonslANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 HKl"UESEXTATIVE.s. 
 
 Rice ( iarlanil, Opelousas, 
 Henry Johnnon, DonaUlwniville. 
 
 James Harlan, Harrodslmrg. 
 .Mhort (i. Hawes, Hawesville. 
 Kichard M, .lohnson, • ireat Crossing. 
 J. K, Cnilerwiioil, Bow ling (ireen. 
 John White. Kichniond. 
 Shernxt Williams, >h)ntieello. 
 
 Alexander I'orler,' 
 
 Kleazer W. Kipley. .lackson. 
 
 n Elortcd ill place i>( (ieiirKV W.Tuwns. ri'fdgmcd; took his wiU .litnimr.v Si, 18S7. 
 
 Miii'<i in IKUl. 
 
 rKlcclcfl In pliicf o( Joliii Cofti'v. 'Iwciisi'il; t<K>lc liiii wnl IiwcinliiT 2(>. l"*!. 
 
 ri lU'.^iKMcil ill IKU'i. 
 
 <• Klci'lcil in pliuc o( Eliiis Kfiil Kiillc, i1cichm<I: Iih.I; lii.« scnl ,Ianunty 2,S. 1S3(>. 
 
 /Dicil liii.iiilicr 11. IICW. 
 
 i/T'M>lc 111-* M-(il .Iiimiiirv '2h, IKJ". 
 
 A llicil .\iivcTnlHT2,'>. 1,><:!<1. 
 
 ' Kli'Cleil In placi' nf .Viexiimlcr Porter. ri«igiic-d: look liis sent Kobnmr.v 2, 1837, 
 
 J Elfclocl ill pliuc of Charles K. \. Onynrrf, who never took his neat; took his .leat March 4, liilii. 
 
 *,' RciilKiicd Jauiury &, 1837. 
 
TWENTY -FOURTH CONGRESS. 
 
 117 
 
 Judah Dana," Fryeburg. 
 John Ruggles, Thomaston. 
 
 Jeremiah Bailey, Wiscasset. 
 George Evans, Gardiner. 
 John Fairfield, Saco. 
 Joseph Hall, Camden. 
 
 MAIXE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 Ether Shepley, * Saco. 
 
 Leonard Jarvis, Ellsworth. 
 Moses Mason, jr., Bethel. 
 Gorham Parks, Bangor. 
 Francis 0. J. Smith, Portland. 
 
 SEN.ATORS. 
 
 Robert H. Goldsborough, f Eastoii. 
 Joseph Kent, Bladensbnrg. 
 
 HErRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Benjamin C. Howard, Baltimore. 
 Daniel Jenifer, Harrisons Lots. 
 Isaac McKim, Baltimoie. 
 James A. Pearce, Chestertown. 
 
 John S. Spence,'' Berlin. 
 
 John N. Steele, Vienna. 
 Francis Thomas, Frederick. 
 James Turner, Wi.sehurg. 
 G. C. Washington, Kockville. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 John Davis, Worcester. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John Quincy Adams, Quincy. 
 Nathaniel B. Borden, Fall River. 
 George N. Briggs, Laneslioro. 
 William B. Calhoun, Siiringtield. 
 Caleb Cushing, Newburyport. 
 George Grennell, jr., Greenfield. 
 
 Daniel Welister, Boston. 
 
 Samuel Hoar, Concord. 
 William Jack.son, Newton. 
 Al)lii;itt Lawrence, Boston. 
 Levi Lincoln, Worcester. 
 Stephen C. Phillips, Salem. 
 Jolin Reed, Yarmouth. 
 
 Lucius Lvon, ' Bronson. 
 
 JHCHIGAN. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John Norvell, «' Detroit. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Isaac Fl Crary, f Marshall. 
 
 John Black, Monroe. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Robert J. Walker, f/ Madison ville. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John F. H. Clailiorne, Madi.sonvillc 
 David Dick.son,'' Jackson. 
 
 Samuel J. (iholson. ' 
 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Thomas H. Benton, St. Louis. Louis F. Linn, St. Genevieve. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William H. Ashley, St. Louis. Albert G. Harrison, Fulton. 
 
 " Appointed in place of Ether .Sheplev, resigned: took his seat December 21, 183G 
 
 '> Resigned in 1S3G. 
 
 <■ Died October .5. l&W. 
 
 rtElected in place of Robert H. Goldsborough. deceased; took his seat January 11, 1SS7 
 
 <! Took his .seat January 26, 1837. 
 
 /Took his seat January 27, 1837. 
 
 a Took his seat February 22, 1836. 
 
 ii Died in 1836. 
 
 i Elected in place of David Dickson, decc^ased; took his seat January 7. 1S37. 
 
118 
 
 CONORKSSIoNAI, 1>IKK("TURY. 
 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 I^<aa(' Hill," ('DiUMtnl. 
 
 Heiirv HiiUUaril, Charlcstown. 
 
 .TiOm I'iiKt'.'' Haverhill. 
 
 REPRESENT ATI VKS. 
 
 Beiiiiinjr M- Bi'aii. Mimltonliiirci. 
 Kotx-rt Burns, I'lyniinilh. 
 Sainiul C'ushiiian, I'urtsiunutli. 
 
 Fmnkliii I'iercc, Hillshoro. 
 Jl>si'|iIi W'lvks, Hiiluiioiitl. 
 
 Samuel L. Si)utlianl, Tn-iilon. 
 
 NKW .TKRSKY. 
 
 KEI'KESKNTATIVES. 
 
 William ('Iu'IwimhI, • Klizal>ethto\vn. 
 I'liilciiion Iliikurson,'' I'ateif-on. 
 Saiiuiel KoH ler, Hamburg. 
 Thomas Lee, Port Elizabeth. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 (iarret 1>. Wall, Burlington. 
 
 .Tanie.s Parker, Perth Aiiilmy. 
 Fenlinaiid S. .Shenck, ."^ix ^lile Hun. 
 William N. Shinn, Mnunt linllv. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 N. P. Talluuiilge, Poughkeepsie. 
 
 KEI'RKSKNTATl V !■>. 
 
 Samuel Barton, Riehinoml. 
 Samuel Bcanlsley, ' I'tiea. 
 .Xhraham Buckee, Keiloral Store. 
 Mathia." ,1. Bovee, .\mstenlam. 
 John W. Brown, Newlmrgh. 
 Churchill ('. Camltreleug, New York, 
 (t. H. Chapin, Rochester. 
 Timothy t'liilds, Lyons. 
 ,lohn Cramer, Waterford. 
 U. F. T>ouliUclay, Aulmrn. 
 Valentine ilffner, .lefferson. 
 PuiUev Farlin, Dud lev. 
 PhiloC. Fuller,'' (ieneseo. 
 William K. FnlU-r, (liittenango. 
 Ransom H.(iillet. ( )i.'densl)nrg. 
 Fninci.s (iran^'er, ranarnlaigna. 
 Gideon Hani, .Vlbion. 
 Abner Hazeltine, Jamestown. 
 Hiram P. Hunt, Troy. 
 .\bel lluntin^jton, Ea.st Hampton. 
 Gerrit Y. Lansing, .\lbanv. 
 
 Sila-s Wright, jr., Canton. 
 
 George W. Lay, Hatavia. 
 Gideon Ix-e, New York. 
 .Toshna l.»'e, Penn Yann. 
 Ste])hen B. I.eonard, Oswego. 
 Thomas C. I.ove, Buffalo. 
 John McKeon, New York. 
 Abijah .Mann, jr.. Fairlield. 
 William .Masnii, Pre.ston. 
 Rutger P.. .Miller,.'' I'tica. 
 Ely Moore, New York. 
 Sherman Page, I'liadilla. 
 Joseph Reynolds, \'irgil. 
 David Rus.sell, .'^alem. 
 William Seymour, Binghamton. 
 Nicholas Sickles, Kingston. 
 William Taylor, Manlius. 
 Joel Turrell, Oswego. 
 Aaron \'anderpoel, Kinderhook. 
 .\aron Ward, Mount Plea.sant. 
 Daniel Wardwell, Mannsville. 
 John Young.f (ieneseo. 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 Be<lford Brown, Browns Store. 
 Willie P. Mangum,'' Red Mountain. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Jesse .\. Bynuni, Halifax. 
 Henry W. Connor, Sherrills Ford. 
 Edmund DeU-rry, Uuvrenceville. 
 James (irabam,* Rutlierford. 
 Micajah T. Hawkins, Warrenton. 
 James J. McKay, Klizabetbtown. 
 William Montgomery, Albrights. 
 
 Rol>ert Strange, • Fayetteville. 
 
 El)enezer Pettigrew, Cool Spring. 
 Abraham Rencher, Pitt.sboro. 
 William B. Shepard, KlizalH'th City. 
 .•\. 11. Sbepi>erd, (Jermantown. 
 Jesse .'^iH-ight, Stantoiisburg. 
 wis Willi; 
 
 I>e 
 
 liams. Panther Creek. 
 
 n Reslciiwl >lnv 30. lsa6, liiivinK '"ef" eli-oli'<1 Rovcmnr. 
 iiElirt.'.! ill i.lai-.-..f Imuic him. ri".lt,'nf<l ; t<H.k tiis ».'«l June 13. ISSfi. 
 
 cTiB.k liix Mill DriiniljiT .'i. 1S3I".. ImvliiK liwii olwteM In place of rhilenmn Illekenion. reaigiiiHl. 
 </Kl■si^■nl■•l in IXW. 
 'Ki-ikMKil Miirch JJ. \S3f,. 
 
 I KUiiiil in pliiio <if .'««nniel BcunlsU-v, re.«lKncd: took his «ent Deoemlx-r h. 183<i. 
 pKlici.il in i.liic«-..( I'lilliiC. Fuller. n-»lKne<l: tixik Ills !<<-«t DecenilKT*. 1X36. 
 h Kli'iied In iilmv (i( Willie I". ManKUui. re.>litned: lixik his seal Heeeinbfr l.i. 183f>. 
 
 (Sent rle<lHrtsl vaciint MHixh -■«, ISJt'-. on Hceoiini of irrtxnliiritli's In eleetlon; siiboequentiy elected iit new eleollon, nml 
 took hisse«t December f>. 1H30. 
 
TWENTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 
 
 119 
 
 Thomas Ewing, Lancaster. 
 
 William K. Bond, C'hillii-othe. 
 John Chaney, Court\vrit;ht. 
 Thomas Corwin, l^cbanon. 
 Joseph H. Crane, Dayton. 
 Thomas L. Hamer, Georgetown. 
 Elias Howell, Xewark. 
 Benjamin Jones, Worcester. 
 William Kennon, St. Clairsville. 
 Daniel Kilgore, Cadiz. 
 Jeremiah ^NIcLene, Columbns. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPHESENTATIVES. 
 
 Thomas jSIorris, Bethel. 
 
 Samson Mason, Sjjringfield. 
 William Patterson, Manslield. 
 Jonathan Sloane, Ravenna. 
 David Spanglei-, Coshocton. 
 Bellamy Storer, Cincinnati. 
 John Thomson, New Jjisbon. 
 Samuel F. Vinton, Gallipolis. 
 Taylor Webster, Hamilton. 
 Elisha AVhittlesey, Cantield. 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 James Buchanan, Lancaster. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Joseph B. Anthonv, \\ uuamsport. 
 Michael W. .\sh, Philadelphia. 
 John Banks," fiercer. 
 Andrew Beaumont, Wilkesliarre. 
 James Black, 'i Newport. 
 Andrew Buchanan, Waynesburg. 
 George Chamliers, Chambersburg 
 William Clark, Dauphin. 
 Edward Darlington, Chester. 
 Harmar Denny, Pittsburg. 
 Jacob Fry, jr., Trappe. 
 John Galbraith, Franklin. 
 James Harper, Philadel|)hia. 
 Samuel S. Harrison, Kittanning. 
 William Hiester, New Holland. 
 
 Samuel McKean, Burlington. 
 
 Josef)h Henderson, Browns Mills. 
 
 Edward B. Hubley, ( )rwigsburg. 
 
 Joseph R. Ingersoll, Philadelphia. 
 
 John Kilgensmith, jr., Stewartsville. 
 
 John Laporte, Asylum. 
 
 Henry Logan, Dillsburg. 
 
 Thomas ;M. T. ^IcKennan, Washington. 
 
 Job Mann, Bedford. 
 
 Jesse Miller," Landisburg. 
 
 Mathias ^Morris, Doylestown. 
 
 Henry A. Muhlenburg, Reading. 
 
 John J. Pierson, '' Mercer. 
 
 David Potts, jr., Pottstown. 
 
 Joel B. Sutherland, Philadelphia. 
 
 Da\id D. A\'agener, Easton. 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 Nehemiah R. Knight, Prcjvidence. . Asher Robbins, Newport. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Dutee J. Pearce, Newport. William Sprague, jr., Natick. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 John C. Calhoun, Fort Hill. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Robert B. Campbell, Brownsville. 
 Franklin H. Elmore,'' Columbia. 
 William J. Graj-son, Beaufort. 
 John K. Gritlin, Milton. 
 James H. Hanmiond," Silverton. 
 Richard I. Planning, ' Fulton. 
 
 William C. Preston, Cohunbia. 
 
 Francis W. Pickens, Edgefield. 
 Henry L. Pinckney, Charleston. 
 John P. Richardson,,/" Fulton. 
 James Rogers, Yorkville. 
 A\'addy Thou'pson, jr., Greenville. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 Felix Grundy, Nashville. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 EEPRESENT.VTIVES. 
 
 John Bell, Nashville. 
 Samuel Bunch, Rutledge. 
 William B. Carter, Elizabethton. 
 William C. Dunlap, Bolivar. 
 John B. Forester, MclNIinnsville. 
 Adam Huntsman, Jackson. 
 Cave Johnson, Clarksville. 
 
 Hugh Lawson White, Knoxville. 
 
 Luke Lea, Campbells Station. 
 Abraham P. Maury, Franklin. 
 Bailie Peyton, Gallatin. 
 James K." Polk.f/ Columbia. 
 Ebenezer J. Shields, Pul<i.«ki. 
 James Staudifer, Mount Airy. 
 
 " Resigned in 183G. 
 
 !' Elected in plaee of Jesse Miller, resigned; took his seat December 5, 1836. 
 
 (•Elected in place of .John Banks, resigned: took his seat Decembers, 1836. 
 
 rf Elected in place of J. H. Hammond, re-signed; took his seat December 19, 1836. 
 
 «Died May 1, 1.S36. 
 
 /Elected in place of Richard I. Manning, deceased; took his seat December 19, 1836. 
 
 i/ Elected Speaker December 7, 183o. 
 
120 
 
 CONGBESSIONAI, DIUKCTOKY. 
 
 Samuel ^r<■lllis^'. AIoiit]iclicr. 
 
 lU'iiuiM Allfii, i!iii'liii;;tiiii. 
 Horace Kvcrctt. Wirulsnr. 
 inland Hall, lU-nnin^toii. 
 
 VKRM( >NT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 HKI'HKSENTATIVKS. 
 
 VIUCIMA. 
 
 Benjamin Swift, St. Alban.-. 
 
 Ilc-mv 1'. .laiK-i*, \Viilfrl)iiry. 
 William Slade, Midilleburv. 
 
 Benjamin W. I^'IkIi." Kii'hniond. 
 Kiclianl K. I'arkcr, '' Snickei-sville. 
 
 itKi'Ui>i:NTATi\ •^:s. 
 
 ■unt. 
 
 ,lnst'|ili Johnson, Bri 
 John \V. Jones, Teteisli 
 Cieorne Lovall, Norfolk. 
 
 ■i-slinr;.' 
 
 William ('. Hives, '' Lindseys Store. 
 John Tvler,'' (iloiuvster. 
 
 Kdward Lucas, jr., Cliarleslown. 
 William McComas. ('al>ell. 
 John Y. Ma.son,' Ilicksford. 
 Charles 1". Mercer, .\ldie. 
 AVilliam S, Moi-!.'an, White Day. 
 John ^I. ratton, Kreileriekshurn. 
 John l{oaru>, Unml'ord A<adeniy. 
 .lohn Kohcrtson, Hichinond. 
 .hihn 'I'aliat'crro, Krederiekslairg. 
 Ilenrv A. Wi.«e, Aecomac. 
 
 ARKANSAS TERIUTOUY. 
 
 DKLKG.\TE. 
 
 A. II. Sevier..'' 
 
 FLdUIhA TKUKITiiKY. 
 
 iii:i.i;ii.\Ti:. 
 
 Josejih M. White, Monlieello. 
 
 Wlt<C'( >NS1 N TKRHIT( )RY. 
 
 I)EI,E<i.\TK. 
 
 George W. ,Iones, Sinsinawa .Mound 
 
 " Resigned July 4, IKlt'i. 
 
 I'EIectort ill iilnreof Hoiijnmin \V. Liicli, nsiKiieil; took lilHscat December I.S, 1S30. 
 
 <• Eleiliil in iiliicc nf .lolin TyliT. resigned: took his sent Mnrch 14, 183t>. 
 
 <'Ki-«iKiu<l FiliruHry 'JO. is;*;. 
 
 r Kesipiu'd jAnnarv 11. I.*<37. 
 
 /Electeil United Slates Senator mid took his sent |iiienilnr .'i, l,>*;ii;. 
 
TWEXTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 
 
 First session, from. Sejiteitibcr 4, 1SS7, to Ortohrr 111, 18S7. Second session, from December 4, 1S37, to July 9, 
 ISSS. Third session, from December 3, ISSfl, to March S. 1S39. 
 
 Vice-President. — Ricitard M. Jnnxsox, of Kentucky. President of tite Soiale pro tenijiore. — William 
 R. King, of Alabama, eleott^d March 7, l.S.'iT, at s]iccial session; again electcil Octoljcr \'.i, 1837; again 
 elected July 2, 1838, and again elected Feljruar\' 2a, 1839. Secretary of tin' Semite. — Ashuuy Dickens, 
 of North Carolina. 
 
 Speaker of llie House. — .Tames K. Polk, of Tennessee. Clerks of tin- House. — Walter S. Franklin, 
 of Pennsylvania; Uriai A. Garland, of Virginia, elected Decembers. I.s3s. 
 
 Clement ('. Clay, Himtsville. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 RErHESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 Reuben Chapman, Somerville. 
 George W. Crabb, '< Tuscaloosa. 
 Joab Lawler, '' Mardisville. 
 
 AVilliam S. Fulton, Little Rock. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 William K. King." Selma. 
 
 Dixon IL Lewis, Lowndesboro. 
 Francis S. Lyon, Demopolis. 
 .Joshua L. Martin, Athens. 
 
 Ambrose Jrl. Se\ier, Lake Port. 
 
 John M. Niles, Hartford. 
 
 F.lisha Halev, Mvstic. 
 Orrin Holt, 'Willington. 
 Samuel Ingham, Savbrook. 
 
 KErRESENT.\TIVE. 
 
 Archibalil Yell, Fayetteville. 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Perry Sinitli, New Milford. 
 
 Lancelot I'lu'ljis. Hitchcockville. 
 Isaac Toucev, llartfurd. 
 Thomas T. Whittlesey, Danbury. 
 
 Richard II. Bayard, Wihnington. Thomas ( 'layloii, Dover. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 John J. Milligan, Wilmington. 
 (iEOR<;lA. 
 
 SENATOKS. 
 
 Alfred Cuthbert, Mcjuficello. Wilson r>uni|ikin.' Athens. 
 
 John P. King,'' Augusta. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Jesse F. Cleveland, Decatur. Hopkins Ilolsey, Hamilton. 
 
 Win. C. Dawson, Greenslioro. Jabez Jackson, "Clarkesville. 
 
 Thomas Glascock, Augusta. George W. Owens, Savannah. 
 
 Seaton Grantland, Milleilgeville. George W. Towns, Talbotton 
 Charles E. Haynes, Sparta. 
 
 " Elected Pri'sirtont pro tempore Jlarch 7, 1837, at special session; again elected Oi-tober 1.", 1837; again July 2, 1S3S; again 
 Fei^ruary 2.'>, Is;.;*!. 
 '' Kk'cteii in luiicu of Joab Lawler, deceased; toolt his seat December 3. 1S38. 
 I- Died May s, ls;w. 
 ''Resigned November 1. 1837. 
 f Elected ia place of John P. King, resigned; tools bis scat December 13, 1837. 
 
 121 
 
122 CONGRESSIONAL DlRK(;TORY, 
 
 ILLINOIS. • 
 
 SKXATORW. 
 
 Jdlm M. KdlHimon, Cnrnii. Kii-hiinl M. YimriK, linincy. 
 
 REPKKSKNT.\TIVl->. 
 
 /tidof C 'iUTV, Miiiint N'cniiin. Ailani \V. Siiyili-r, Belleville. 
 
 William L. May, Sprinjilii-M. 
 
 INItlANA. 
 
 SKNATClRS. 
 
 OliviT IT. Siuitli. Ciiiiiu'ivville. 
 
 It K1'KESENT.\TI V Rs. 
 
 Katliff Kooii, Hooni'villi'. 
 (ionrge 11. Dunn, l.a\viviici>l>iirg. 
 .lolin Kwing, Vincennes. 
 William Graham, Vallonia. 
 
 lli'tiry Clay, Lexinut 
 
 ton. 
 
 KKNTICKY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 KEPKl-XEXTATIVEji. 
 
 John I'alhomi. llardinshuiT;. 
 .Tohn (.'hamtici-s. Wa.-'liinfrtun. 
 William .1. Cinivos, Ni'w t'a.<tlf. 
 .Iami'.'< Harlan, IIarr(Hl.«l>ur<;. 
 Kiiharil lla\vc.<. Winchester. 
 Kii'haril II. .Mcnilee, Mount Sterlini:. 
 ,Iohn L. Murray. Waileshoro. 
 
 l.dllSlANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Ak'xanilii Mouton. Vrnnilionvillo. 
 
 REPRESEXT.\TIVES. 
 
 Kii-e Garland. Opelousa,*. 
 Henry .lohnson. Brinjiiers. 
 
 John Kujiftles, Thoniaston. 
 
 MAIXK. 
 
 REI'RESEXT.\TlVK.s 
 
 Hugh J. .\n(lerson. Belfast. 
 Timothy .1. Carter. " I'aris. 
 Jonathan Cilley,'' Thomiusiuwn. 
 Thoma.s Davee, Blaneliard. 
 Geoi>re Kvans, (ianliner. 
 
 Johli Tipton. I^ip\iisjH)rt. 
 
 William Herod, Columlms. 
 James Kariden. Centerville. 
 Albert S. White, Ijifavette. 
 
 John J. Criltenilen. Frankfort. 
 
 John Tope, Springfield. 
 Kdward Hums»'y, Greenville. 
 William W. Sonthgate, fovinicton. 
 ,1. K. Underwood. Bowling lireen. 
 John While. Kiohmoml. 
 Sherrod Williams, Monticello. 
 
 Koliert I'. Xiehola^^, Donaldsonville. 
 Klea/.er W. Hipley, Jackson. 
 
 Keuel Williams. .Vngusta. 
 
 John Fairtielil. .^aco. 
 Jo.-eph G. Noves, Fjistport. 
 Virgil I>. I'ariis,' Buoklield. 
 Kdwanl Kohinson.'' Thomiuston. 
 Francis G. J. Smith, Portlaud. 
 
 MAHYLAXn. 
 
 Joseph Kent, ' Bladenslnirir. 
 William D. Merrick,.' Aliens Fresh. 
 
 John Heiinis, rrince.s." .\nnp. 
 Benjamin ('. Howanl, Baltimore. 
 Haniel .Icnifer, Harri.sons Lot. 
 William G. Johnson, ,Ieffei-son. 
 John 1'. Keniie^ly,!' Baltimore. 
 
 John S. SiK'iice, Berlin. 
 
 RKrRESEXTATl V ES. 
 
 Isaac McKim,'' Baltimore. 
 James A. I'earce, Ghestertown. 
 Francis Thomas, Frederick. 
 John T. 11. Worthinjfton, Golden. 
 
 a Dlot Marrh H. 188S. 
 
 ^ IHiit Fftiriiarv '.M. is.-?*!: kllleil tn « iliiel hy William .1. rjravps. of Kcntuckv. 
 
 <■ Kliit.-il in pliiri- of Timolhv J. fiirUT. lUri'ii.seil: I.«ik his st-ill Miiv JS. 1S38. 
 
 rfKli-ciiil ill iiliiivni .lomitliun Clll.y, ilcofa.'HKl ; t.«>k tii?< .-val April JS. 1S3». 
 
 •■|il.-.l N..V.MIll>tT-.'<, ls.1T. 
 
 ( Kl. iic<l in pliH-v i'( .Uiv-pli Kvni, .Um-i'«.«o<1: l<«>k his .■H'«t Jnnimr.v h. ls»s. 
 
 u KI.Hi.il in iilii.-.M.f Isaac .McKliu. ilivoiisi^l; t<«k bl.isH.nil April 30, 1S3S. 
 
 * Dli-d April 1. l^a». 
 
TWENTY -FIFTH CONGRESS. 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 123 
 
 John Davis, Worcester. 
 
 ,SEX.\TOR.S. 
 
 REPRE.SENTATIVES. 
 
 John Quincy Adams, Quincy. 
 Nathaniel B. Borden, Fall River. 
 George N. Briggs, Lanesboro. 
 William B. Calhoun, Springfield. 
 Caleb Cashing, Newburyport. 
 Kichard Fletcher, Boston. 
 George Grinnell, jr., Greenfield. 
 
 MICHIGAN. 
 
 SEX.\TORS. 
 
 Daniel Webster, Boston. 
 
 William S. Hastings, Mendon. 
 
 Levi Lincoln, Worcester. 
 
 William Parmenter, East Cambridge. 
 
 Stephen C. Phillips," Salem. 
 
 John Reed. 
 
 Leverett Saltonstall, '' Salem. 
 
 Lncius Lyon, Bronson. -Tohn Norvell, Detroit. 
 
 KEPRESENT.\T1VE. 
 
 Isaac E. Crary, Marshall. 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 John Black," :\Ionroe. 
 James F. Trotter. '' 
 
 SEX.\TOKS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John F. H. Clailiorne, f Madisonville. 
 Samnel J. Gholson, « Athens. 
 
 Thomas H. Benton, St. Louis. 
 
 Albert G. Harrison, Fulton. 
 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 SEN'.\TORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Robert J. Walker, JIadisonville. 
 Thomas II. Williams,<' Pontitoc. 
 
 Sergeant S. Prentiss, .'' Mcksburg. 
 Thomas J. AVord, /' Pontitoc. 
 
 Louis F. Linn, St. Genevieve. 
 John Miller, Boonville. 
 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Henrv Hulibard, Charlestown. 
 
 Charles G. Atherton, Nashua. 
 Samuel Cushman, Portsmouth. 
 James Farrington, Rochester. 
 
 Samuel L. Southard, Trenton. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 John B. Aycrigg, Hackensack. 
 William Halstead, Trenton. 
 John P. B. Maxwell, Belvidere. 
 
 Franklin Pierce, Plillslmro. 
 
 Joseph Weeks, Richmond. 
 Jared W. A\'ill!ams, Lancaster. 
 
 Garret I>. Wall, Binliiigton. 
 
 Joseph F. Randolph, Freehold. 
 Charles C. Stratton, Swedesboro. 
 Thomas Jones Yorke, Salem. 
 
 a Resigned in 1838. 
 
 ''Elected in place of Stephen C. Phillips, resigned: took his seat December .5. 1838. 
 ■-Elected in place of ,Iohn Black, resigned; took his seat February 19. IS3S; resigned .Tiily 10, 183.S. 
 "Appointed in place of James F. Trotter, resigned: took his seat December lo, 1S:W. j , , 
 
 c Declared to have been duly elected October 3. 1S37: decision subsequently reversed, and seat declared vacant January 
 31 1838 
 /Elected at new election, and took his seat Hay 30, 1838. 
 
124 
 
 C'ONGRESSIdNAI. DIRKCTORY. 
 
 NKW YORK. 
 
 SENATOK-S. 
 
 Niitliaiiiel 1*. TiiUiuail;.'!', I^lllJ.'llk^•l•p^ 
 
 Silaf Wriylit, jr., Ciinti 
 
 kki'ki»i-;ntativks 
 
 Joliii T. AikIivws, Nortli KiMiliu'^'. 
 Cyrus Bei'rn," Itlmca. 
 I'x'iiiict Hickiu'll, Mcirrisville. 
 Saiiuifl iiirilsill, Watt'rlno. 
 John ('. HroiUu'ail, Mndena. 
 Isaac II. Uronsdii, Wutortowii. 
 Anilrcw I>. \V. Mniyii.'' Ithaia. 
 ( luiri'liill ('. ('aiiiliri'U'ii':. Niw Yo 
 Tiiudlliy riiilils, Uoiln-stor. 
 .Iiiliii ('. Clarke, Haiiiliriilpt'. 
 Kdwanl Curtis, New York, 
 .loliu I. I»e<iraff, Si-liiMifctaay. 
 John I'Mwarils, Isphratah. 
 ilillanl Kilhiiorc, Buffalo. 
 Ili'lirv \. Foster, Home. 
 .Mhei't Calhip, I'.ast Berne. 
 .\lirahaui I', (irani, ( (swejro. 
 Hiram I iray, I'Mmira. 
 OiT'len Iloft'mau, New York. 
 Thomas \\. .huksou, Newtown. 
 Nathaniel Jones, Warwiik. 
 
 ■k. 
 
 (ionverneur Kemhle, CoM .'Spring. 
 Arphaxa<l Koomis, Kittle Falls. 
 Kicharil 1'. Marvin. Jamestown. 
 Kohert McClellau, .Mid.llehnrK'. 
 Chari.-s F. .Mitchell, Lockijort. 
 Klv Moore, New York. 
 William II. Nohle, Cato. 
 .Tohn I'almer. I'lattslini'vr. 
 .\ma.'^a,l. Parker, Delhi. 
 William Patterson,'' Warsaw. 
 Luther C. Peek, Pike. 
 Zadoek Pratt, Pratt-sville. 
 John II. Prenti.-^, Cooperstown. 
 Harvey Putnam,'' Attica. 
 David Kussell, Salem. 
 Mark II. Sibley, (^anandaigna. 
 James 15. Spencer. Fort Covington. 
 William Taylor, Manlius. 
 Oliadiah Titus, Washington. 
 Henry Vail, Troy. 
 .\liraham N'auderveer. Hrooklvn. 
 
 NORTH (A Kill. IN A. 
 
 Red to 
 
 lirowii. Hriiwns Store. 
 
 Kohert Strange, Fayetteville 
 
 1<KI>HESEST.\TIVES. 
 
 Jesse A. Hyniim, Halifax. 
 Henry W. Connor, Slurrills Ford. 
 Edmou Di-lierry. Lawreiiceville. 
 James (iraham, Rutherfordton. 
 ^licajah T. Hawkins. Warreiiton. 
 James J. McKay, lOlizaliethtc^wn. 
 William Montgomery, Albright.-'. 
 
 .\brahani Rencher, Pittsljoro. 
 Samuel T. Sawyer, Kdenton. 
 Charles Shepard, Newbern. 
 .\ni;ustiue II. Shop|)erd, Bethania. 
 Fdward Stanly, Washington. 
 Lewis Willianis, Panther Creek. 
 
 iillKi. 
 
 William All.'n, Chillicnthe. 
 
 SEXATOIiS. 
 
 Thomas Morris. Bethel. 
 
 KKrUKSKNTAriVKS. 
 
 Jame.s Alexander, jr., St. Clairsville. 
 John W. .Mien, Clevelaml. 
 William K. Bond, Chillicothe. 
 John Chancy, Courtwright. 
 Charli'S D. Collin.' New Lisbon. 
 Thomas Cnrwin, Lebanon. 
 .Mexander Hniican, Cinciiniati. 
 Joshua R. < iiddings, .'' ,Ieffei-son. 
 Patrick (i. ( ioode, Syilney. 
 Thoma.s L. Mamer, (ieorgetow ii. 
 Alexander Harper, Zanesville. 
 
 William II. Hunter, Sandusky. 
 Daniel Kilgore.!/ Cadiz. 
 Daniel P. Leadbetter, Millerslmrg. 
 -Vnclrew W. Loomis,'' New Lisbon. 
 Samson Mason, Springtielil. 
 Calvary Morris, .\thens. 
 Josc|ih Ridgway, Colunibns. 
 Matthias Shejilor, Bethlehem. 
 Henry Swearmgen, ' SmithtieM. 
 Tavlor Webster. Hamilton. 
 £li8ha Whittlesey,./ Cantield. 
 
 1 Elcclit) ill pluce of Andrew I). \V. Bnivii. (Ireoasi-d; took Ills sent DeoomtM-rS. IS3S. 
 (•Iiiiil .liilvj;. IKls. 
 
 rplid \ui!\\>t II. !.•<!.•<. 
 
 <IKlcileil III pliu-iMif Wlllliiiil lalliTson. iIccasiMl: tixik Ills sinl II. ii1«t3. 1838. 
 
 rKlfiticI ill iiliiic n( Anilrew W. I.c.<imi». r<'>iKiu'<l: tiHiic ins s.-iit IioctnilMT •.t). 1837. 
 
 /Kieilf'l 111 |>lilii' of Kilsllil Wliittl.'.MV, ri»lKlu-<l: look liis sciU DiwiiiIht 3. 1S38. 
 
 uKi-»it!m(l in IKls. 
 
 ^ K<-!<lK'iieil ill ten. 
 
 ' ICIirtiil ill |.liH-f of Diinlrl Kllgorv, rmiltniwl; toolc Ills sent DitcmbiT S, 183S. 
 
 >UosiKiic<l Julvlt, ISIls. 
 
TWENTY -FIFTH CONGRESS. 
 
 125 
 
 PENNSYLVAXIA. 
 
 Jaiiii's BiK-hanuii. Lancaster. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 HF.rRESENT.VTIVES. 
 
 AVilliam Beattv, Butler. 
 
 Richard Biddle, Pittsljurg. 
 
 Andrew Buchanan, Waynesburg. 
 
 Edward Darlington, Chester. 
 
 Edward Davies^ Chnrchtown. 
 
 .Tacol.) Fry, jr., Trappe. 
 
 Robert H. Hammond, Milton. 
 
 Thopias Henry, Beaver. 
 
 Edward B. Huljley, Orwigsburg. 
 
 George JM. Keim," Reading. 
 
 John Kilgensmith, jr. Stewartsville. 
 
 Henry Logan, Dillsliurg. 
 
 Charles JlcChire, Carlisle. 
 
 Thos. M. T. McKennan, 'Wasliingtim 
 
 Mathias ^lorris, Doylestown. 
 
 Samuel ]\IcKean, Burlington. 
 
 Samuel AV. Morris, AVellsboro. 
 Henrv A. ^luhlenlierg, '' Reading. 
 Charles Naylor, '■ Phila<leli)liia. 
 Charles Ogle, Somerset. 
 Lemuel Paynter, Philadelphia. 
 David Petrikin, Danville. 
 Arnold I'Uimer, Franklin. 
 William W. Potter, Bellefonte. 
 Davi.l Potts, jr., Pottstown. 
 Luther Reily, Harrishurg. 
 John Sergeant, Philadelphia. 
 Daniel Sheffer, York. 
 George \V. Toland, Philadelphia. 
 David D. A\'agener, Easton. 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 SENATORS 
 
 Nehemiah R. Knight, Providence. Asher Robbins, Newport. 
 
 RKl'KESEXTATIVHS. 
 
 Roliert B. Cranston, Newport. Joseph L. Tillinghast. Providence 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 John C. Calhoun, Fort Hill. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John Campbell, Parnassus. 
 AVilliam K. Chiwney, l^nion. 
 Franklin H. Elmore, Columbia. 
 John K. Gritiin, Jlilton. 
 Hugh S. Legare, Charleston. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 SEN-A-TORS. 
 
 Ephraim H. Foster,'' Nashvil 
 Felix Grundv,'' Nashville. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John Bell, Nashville. 
 William B. Caniiibell, Carthage. 
 William B. Carter, Elizabethton. 
 Richard Cheatham, Springtield. 
 John W. Crockett, Paris, 
 Abraham P. Maury, Franklin. 
 Abraham McClellan, Blountsville 
 
 A\'illiam C. Preston, Columbia 
 
 Francis W. Pickens, Edgefield. 
 Robert Barnwell Rhett, Beaufort. 
 John P. Richardson, Fulton. 
 W. Thompson, jr.. (_Treenville. 
 
 Hush Lawson White, Knoxville. 
 
 James K. Polk,./" Columbia. 
 Ebenezer J. Shields, Pulaski. 
 AVilliam Stone, f/ Delphi. 
 Hopkins L. Turney, Winchester. 
 Chri,sto]iherH. Williams, Lexington. 
 Joseph L. Williams, Knoxville. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Samuel Prentiss, Montpelier. Benjamin Swift, St. Albans. 
 
 REPRESENT.iTI V ES. 
 
 Heman Allen, Burlington. 
 Horace Everett, Windsor. 
 Isaac Fletcher, Lyndon. 
 
 Hiland Hall, Bennington. 
 AVilliam Slade. Middleburv, 
 
 , 1S3S. 
 
 11 Elected in pliice of Henry X. Miihleiiljeri;, resigneit: took his sent Mareli 17 
 
 l< Resigned February 9. 1838. , ,. 
 
 (■Elected in place of Francis .1. Harper, deceased March 18, 1.S37, hnvuig never taken his seat. 
 
 ''.Appointed in place of Feli.'c Grnndy, resigned; took his seat December 3, 1S3S. 
 
 c Resigned in 1838. 
 
 / Elected Speaker September 4, 1S37. 
 
 ffTook his seat October 13. 1837. 
 
126 
 
 t'ONUKKSSIONAI. I>IKK(roKV. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 Kiohar.l K, 
 William C. 
 
 I'iirki'i-," Stiickersville. 
 Kivi's, l.imlscvs Store. 
 
 REI'RESEXT.\TIVEN. 
 
 Linn Banks, '' Madison. 
 Anilivw Beinie. I'liioii. 
 .laiin'H \V. lioiililiii, t'liarlotte. 
 AValter C'olos, H(jlnTt.''oMs Store. 
 Kol)ert (.'raifi, Christianshur^,'. 
 (ieorjte C l'roin};oole, Hell'a.-'t. 
 .TaiiH'H (iarlaiiil, Lovin^stun. 
 t ienr^re \V. Hopkins, I.etianon. 
 Ktilicrt M. T. Hiintir, Moyils. 
 ■loseph .lolnl^^on, I'lriclyi'iiort. 
 .Injin W. .loues, I'etersburg. 
 
 AVilliam H. Roane,'' Kichinond. 
 
 Francis Mallory, Hampton, 
 .lames M. Mason, Wincliester. 
 diaries K. Mercer, .\lilie. 
 William ,s. .Morjian, White Day. 
 .John M. I'atton,'' Krederickslinrg. 
 I. S. Pennyliaeker, Harrisonlmrn. 
 Francis Iv Rives, Littleton. 
 .John Rot)ert.-ion. Richmond. 
 .Vrdiilialil Stuart, Moniit .\iry. 
 .lohn Taliaferro, Freclcnckshnr);. 
 Ilenrv \. Wise, .Vccuuiac. 
 
 FLORIDA TERRITORY. 
 
 IlELECATE. 
 Charles |)o\viiinir, St. .\u;j:iisline. 
 
 IOWA TERRITORY. 
 
 nKI.EGATE. 
 
 William W. (Iiapman, I'.urlin>„'ton. 
 WISCONSIN TKRRITOKY. 
 
 ]>ELE<i.\TES. 
 
 .Tames Duane Doty,' Astor. 
 
 ( ieorge W. Jones, f Sinsina \va Mound. 
 
 <" Resignecl Mnrcli 13, 1S37. 
 
 '' Elc'ted in pliK-e nf Richanl E. I'lirker. re-'signed; toi'k lii.s sent September 4. ls;17. 
 
 1- Klei'tcrt in place tit Jchn M. Fatlmi. resifrnerl; took his seat May IV, ls38. 
 
 <t KesiKned in ls:is. 
 
 ^Snece.*t'*fuliy etinlented tiie election of George W, Jones: took his seiU .Tanuary 14, 1837, 
 
 /Election suece.'*sfully contested by James !>. Doty. 
 
TWENTY-SIXTH C0NGEES8. 
 
 First nexfiioii , from DerrmherJ, ISS'.i, In Jiih/ 21, 1S40. Second Kemoii , from Drcniiher 7, 1840, to Mnrch S, 1S41. 
 
 Vice-President. — Kichard ^I. Jdnxsox, of Kentucky. Pi-esident of the Senate pro tempore. — William 
 R. King, of Alabama; again elected July 20, 1840, and again elected March 3, 1841. Secretary of the 
 Senate. — Asbury Uickex.s, of North Carolina. 
 
 Speaker of the House. — B. M. T. Hunter, of Virginia. Clerk- of the Hoxise. — Hugh A. Garland, of 
 Virginia. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Clement C. Clay, Huntsville. William R. King," Sekna. 
 
 representatives. 
 
 Reuben Chapman, Soinerville. David Hubbard, Courtland. 
 
 Cieorge W. Cralib, Tuscaloosa. Dixon H. Lewis, Lowndesboro. 
 
 James Lellet, Claiborne. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 William S. Fulton, Little Rock. Ambrose H. Sevier, Lake Port. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Edward Cross, Washingt(_in. 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Thaddeus Betts,'' Norwalk. Perry Smith, New Miltord. 
 
 Jabez W. Huntington, '' Norwicli. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Wm. W. Boardman,'? New Haven. William L. Storrs, "^ Middletown. 
 
 John H. Brockway, Ellington. Joseph Trumbull, Hartford. 
 
 Thomas B. Osborne, Fairtield. Thomas W. Williams, New London. 
 Truman Smith, Litchfield. 
 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Richaril H. Bayard, ^^'ilmingtou. Thomas Clayton, Newcastle. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Thomas Robinson, jr., Georgetown. 
 
 (1 President pro tempore. 
 
 i-Died April 7. 1S40. 
 
 <• Eloi'tfd in y.lni-e of Thnddeus Belts, deceased: took his seat June 2. 1S40. 
 
 rfElettefl 111 phii-e ol William L. Storrs, resigned; took his seat December 7, 1S40. 
 
 'ResitriH-d ill ]s4u. 
 
 127 
 
128 
 
 (■()N<JK?:SSI()NAr. DIKKCIuKY. 
 <iK(tU(iI.\. 
 
 AUhmI CuthlMTt. Moiiti 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 RErUKSKXTATI V l>. 
 
 Julius C. Allonl. I,;is;ruiiue. 
 Kdward ,1. Bliirk. .lacksunbiirci. 
 Wallir T. ('(il<niitt," ((iliiinlms. 
 Mark A. C'oi>|>i'r, C'oliniiluis. 
 Wm. C.-Dawsoii, (Ti-eeiisboro. 
 
 Jiilin >[. Roliinsciii. Cariiii. 
 
 Zadok (.'asfV, Mmint Vernon. 
 John Ri'vnoMs, Belleville. 
 
 (llivir II. Smith, Imlianuiiolis. 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 SKNATOR.<i. 
 KKIMU^KXTATIVES. 
 
 IXniANA. 
 
 SEXATOR.S. 
 KEIMU>iKXTATIVE.S. 
 
 John Carr, Charle.stown. 
 John W. I)avis, Carlisle. 
 Til>;hnian .\. Howard,' Kockville. 
 Henrv S. Lane. ■ C'rawfordsville. 
 
 Wilson I.inn]ikin, .\tlii-ns. 
 
 Richard W. llalni>haiii, (larkesville. 
 
 Mines Ilult.^ 
 
 Thomas iiutler Kinn, Wayne.sville. 
 
 Eujieniiis A. Nisliet, Maeon. 
 
 I.,ott Warren, Palmyra. 
 
 Richard M. Ymm;:, i^iiincy. 
 .lohn T. .Stewart, S|irin>;tield. 
 
 .\lhcit S. White. Lafavette. 
 
 (ieorfie II. I'rottit, I'eterslmr^. 
 James Rariden. Ontervillc. 
 Till Unas Smith. Versailles. 
 William W. Wick, Indianapoli.s. 
 
 Henrv Clav. I.exinirtim 
 
 KKXTrCKY. 
 
 .SENATORS. 
 REPRESEXT ATI V E.S. 
 
 Simeon II. .Vnderson,"' Lancaster. 
 Landafl" W. .\ndrews, Flemingsburg. 
 Linn Bnvd, Helleview. 
 Williamd. Hutler. t'arrollton. 
 (iarrett llavis, I'aris. 
 William J. (iraves, Xewcivtle. 
 AVillis (ireen, Cireens. 
 
 LOrLSI.\.XA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Alexander Motitun. Vermilionville. 
 
 HEI'KKsEXTATIVF-S. 
 
 Thomas W. (hinn, Baton Konjje. 
 Rice Garland," OiJelousas. 
 
 MAINK. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John KiiL'L'les, Tliomaston. 
 
 Iltinh J. .\nderJon, Rellast. 
 Nathan Clifford, Newtield. 
 Thoiiia.« Davee, Hlanchard. 
 (ieorjte Kvans, (iariliiu'r. 
 
 KEl'RESE.NTATIVES. 
 
 John J. Crittenden. Frankfort. 
 
 Richard llawcs. Winchester. 
 
 John Pojie, SjirinjiHeld. 
 
 John R. Thompson,' Harro<lslmre. 
 
 riiiliii Triplelt, Owenshoro. 
 
 Joseph R. I'nderwood, Bowlinir (ireen. 
 
 John White, Richmond. 
 
 Sherrod Williams, Monticello. 
 
 Roliert C. Nicholas, Ilonaldsonville. 
 
 John Moure,.'' Franklin. 
 
 IMward l>. White, Thihodeauxville. 
 
 Renel Williams, Aujfusta. 
 
 Joshna.\. Lowell, Kast Machias. 
 Virgil I>. I'arris, Biickliel.l. 
 Benjamin Randall. Bath. 
 Albert Smith, I'ortlaiul. 
 
 " Uf«lKiiiKl In two. 
 
 '• KIimIimI in pliior of Walter T. Coliiiiltl, n^igncil: took his soat Fobnwry 1. 18-11. 
 
 ^Kill-Ill! Ill pine.' nrrilKliiii"" A. Hownnl. n-sli.'ni'd; Hxik his ."rnt PwemlHT T, |S40. 
 
 •'liii'.l Auk-iivi 11. IH411. 
 
 •• KU'iliil 111 |.liii-<' ci( SInu-iiii 11. .Viiilern'm. <lcceii.«iKl; look his sent IH-ccmlKT T. IMU. 
 
 / EliK-liil in |iliiie ii( Rli'e liurliind. n'slgiuHl; tinik hi-. mhI IHTfinber 17. ISHO. 
 
TWENTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 129 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John Leeds Kerr," Easton. 
 William D. ISIerrick, Aliens Fresh. 
 
 REPRE.SENT.\TIVES. 
 
 ■Tames Carroll, Baltimore. 
 John Dennis, Princess Anne. 
 Solomon Hillen, jr., Baltimore. 
 Daniel Jenifer, Milton Hill. 
 
 John S. Spence, ** Berlin. 
 
 William Cost .Johnson, Jeftenson. 
 Francis Tliomas, Frederick. 
 Philip F. Thomas, Easton. 
 John T. H. Worthington, Shawan. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 Isaac C. Bates, '' Northampton. 
 Eufus Choate,'' Boston. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John Quincy Adams, Quincy. 
 Osmyn Baker, f Amherst, 
 (ieorge N. Briggs, Lanesboro. 
 William B. Calhoun, .^Springfield. 
 Caleb dishing, Newburyport. 
 William S. Hastings, Mendon. 
 Abbott Lawrence,^ Boston. 
 
 John Davis, <" Worcester. 
 Daniel Webster, / Boston. 
 
 Levi Lincoln, Worcester. 
 
 William Parmenter, East Cambridge. 
 
 John Reed, Yarmouth. 
 
 Leverett Saltonstall, Salem. 
 
 Henry Williams, Taunton. 
 
 Robert C. Wiuthrop, ' Boston. 
 
 MICHIGAN. 
 
 John Norvell., Detroit. 
 
 SENATORS. , 
 
 Augustus S. Porter, Detroit. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Isaac E. Crary, Marshall. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John Henderson, Pass Christian. Robert J. Walker, Madisonville. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Albert J. Brown. Gallatin. Jacob Thompson, Pontotoc. 
 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Thomas H. Benton, St. Louis. Louis F. Linn, St. Genevieve. 
 
 REPRESE.NT.\TIVES. 
 
 John Jameson, Fulton. John iNIiller, Conners Mills. 
 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Henry Hubbard, Charlestown. Franklin Pierce, Concord. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Charles G. Atherton, Nashua. 
 Edmund Burke, Newport. 
 Ira A. Eastman, Gilmanton. 
 
 Tristram Shaw, Exeter. 
 Jared W. Williams, Lancaster. 
 
 aElected in place of John S. Spence, deceased; took his seat January 13, 1841. 
 6 Died October 29, 1840. 
 
 ^Elected in place of John Davis, resigned: took his seat January 21, 1841. 
 rf Elected in place of Daniel Webster, resigned; took his seat March 1, 1841. 
 e Resigned in December, 1840. 
 /Resigned February 22. 1841. 
 
 a Election unsuccessfully contested; elected in place of James C. .\lvord. died September 30, 1839, having never taken his 
 seat. 
 fi Resigned in 1840. 
 'Elected in pUice of .Ibbott Lawrence, resigned; took his sent December 7, 1840. 
 
 H. Doc. J:58- 
 
 -9 
 
130 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIKECTORY. 
 
 NKW .JERSEY. 
 
 .SENATORS. 
 
 Saiiiuul 1.. Soiillianl, Trenton. 
 
 UKPRK.SENT.\TIVE.s. 
 
 William K. Cooper, "Sweiiesboro. 
 PhiU'iimn Dickerson," Paterssoii. 
 JoHeph Ki lie," Salem. 
 
 NKW YOKK. 
 
 (iarrc-t 1>, Wall, Iiiirlln)^n. 
 
 .losepli K. Kaiiil()l]ili. New Brun.swick. 
 Daniel B. Kyall," I'reehnld. 
 Peter I). Yrooin," .Souierville. 
 
 nENAToKS. 
 
 Natlianiel I". Talliiia(li.'e, Pouniikeeps'ie. 
 
 RE1"KE.SE.NTATI VES. 
 
 Ju(l?on .\lleii, llarpersville. 
 Daniel D. Baniard, .\lliany. 
 Daviil P. Bre\v.-i|er, ()^•\vego. 
 Ansnii Brown,'' Ball.«ton. 
 Tlionuw C. Cliittenilen, .\<lanl^'. 
 John C Clarke, BainIin(I>.'e. 
 Eihvanl Curtis, New York. 
 Aniasa Dana, Ithaea. 
 Nicholas I'.. Doe, •' Waterl'oril. 
 Anilrew W. Doi^', Lowville. 
 Neheniiah 11. ICarl. Syraeuse. 
 John l-.lv. Coxsaekie. 
 IMillanl Killmore, Buffalo. 
 John Fine, Ojrilenshurjj;. 
 John (i. Flovil. rtica. 
 Heth M. GaUv, Leroy. 
 Franeis » iran-jer, Canandaigna. 
 Moses 11, tirinnell. New York. 
 An'.'ustiis C. Hand, Klizahetlitown. 
 Ogden Hoffman, New York. 
 Hiram P. Hunt, Troy. 
 
 NUKTH CAROLINA 
 
 Silas Wri«hl, jr., Caut«jn. 
 
 Thomas B. Jaek.son, Newtown. 
 Charles Johnston, Pou^hkeepsie. 
 Nathaniel Jones, Warwiik. 
 Gouvernetir Kendile, Cold Sprin;;. 
 Thomas Kempshall, Ruehester. 
 Stephen B. I>e<5nard. Owepo. 
 Meredith Mullory. llanMnonds|tort. 
 Riehard 1". Marvin, Jamestown. 
 Charles F. .Mitehell, Lockport. 
 James .Monroe, New York. 
 J. De la Motitanya, Haverstraw. 
 Christo|iher Muriian, Aurora. 
 Rufns Palen, Fallshnr^. 
 Luther C. Peek, Pike. 
 John H. Prentis.s, Cooperstown. 
 Eilward Ropers, Sladison. 
 David Rns.sell, Salem. 
 Theron R. StronL', Palmvni. 
 .\aron Yanderpoel, Kimlerhook. 
 Peter J. Wagner, Fort Plain. 
 
 Bedford Brown,'' Browns Store. 
 William .\. (iraham,' Hillsboro. 
 
 REI'RE.SEXTATIVES. 
 
 Jes.«e A. Bynuin, Halifax. 
 Henry W. Comior, Sherrills Ford. 
 E<lnmnd Delierry, Lawrenceville. 
 Charles Fisher, .Sdisbnry. 
 James (iraham, Rntherfordtown. 
 Mieajah T. Hawkins, Warrenton. 
 John Hill, (iernjantown. 
 
 Willie P. Manjium,.'' Reil Mountain. 
 Robert Stranpe,'' F^ayetteville. 
 
 James .T. MeKay, F^lizabethtown. 
 William Montgomery, Allirights. 
 Kemieth Kayner, Wiiiton. 
 Charles ."shei'ard, Newbern. 
 Edward Stanly. Washington. 
 Lewis Williams, Panther Creek. 
 
 (illli). 
 
 William .Mien, Chillieothe. 
 
 RKPRE-SENTATIVES. 
 
 Jiihn W. Allen, Cleveland. 
 WiMiam Key Bond, Chillieothe. 
 Thnmas Corwin.'' lA-banon. 
 William Doan, Withamsville. 
 Alexander Dunean, Cini-imiati. 
 Joshua R. (liddings, .leffersoTi. 
 Patrick (i. tiomle, Sidney. 
 John Hasting!', Salem. 
 Daniel 1*. lA-adbetler, .Millen-burg. 
 Sainsun Mason, Springfield. 
 
 Benjamin Tappan, SteulnMiville. 
 
 William Me<lill, Lancaster. 
 Calvary Morris, Athens. 
 J. Morniw,'' Twenty Mile Stand. 
 I81UIC Parrish, Candiridire. 
 Jo.seph Ridgway. Columbus. 
 Daviil .\, .'starkweather. Canton. 
 Henry Swearingen, Smithlield. 
 Geoive Isweeny. Bni'yrus. 
 Jonathan Tavfor. .Newark. 
 John B. Weller, Hamilton. 
 
 lElfctiim uiisuccessfiillv ronle^ttMl; took his soat Marcti 10. IWO. 
 
 I'lii.il .liinc 11. ISKi. 
 
 r Klc.-lt'il In place itf .Vnsiui Hrown, itccfftj*cMl; itxik his sein DivoiuImt 7. 1»M0. 
 
 'I R>>-.n.'iu'il In IMO. 
 
 'Klccii.il in pliu'c ef Kobcrl sirni\>tp, rcslKnc"!; tiKik his wot t'eoi-mlKT 10. IMO. 
 
 /Elcitfil in plncfot UciUiinl Brown, reslitnc)!; took hln m'lit IkmviuIht 9. IMO. 
 
 )l EleutiMl in plBce ot Thomiis Corwin, ro.«lgni'd; took Ills w«t Hcci'mlHT 7, IMO. 
 
TWENTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 
 
 131 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 James Buchanan, Lancaster. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 AVilliam Beattv, Butler. 
 Ricliard Biddle," Pittsburg. 
 Henry il. Breekenridge, f* Tarentum. 
 James Cooper, Gettysburg. 
 Edward Davies, Churchtown. 
 John Davis, Davisville. 
 John Edwards, Ivy Mills. 
 Joseph Fornance, Norristown. 
 John Galbraith, Erie. 
 James Gerry, Shrewsl.)ury. 
 Robert H. Hammond, Milton. 
 Thomas Henry, Beaver. 
 Enos Hook, Waynesburg. 
 Francis James, West Chester. 
 George M. Keim, Reading. 
 
 Daniel Sturgeon, Uniontown. 
 
 Isaac Leet, Washington. 
 Albert G. Marchand, Greensburg. 
 Charles IMcClure, '' Carlisle. 
 George McCulloch,'' Center Line. 
 Samuel W. Morris, Wellsboro. 
 Charles Naylor, ' rhiladcliiiiia. 
 Peter Newhard, Allentown. 
 Charles Ogle, Somerset. 
 Lemuel Paynter, Philadelphia. 
 David Petrikin, Danville. 
 William S. Ramsey,./' Carlisle. 
 John Sergeant, Philadelphia. 
 William Simonton, Hummelstown. 
 George W. Toland, Philadelphia. 
 David D. Wageuer, Easton. 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Nathan F. Dixon, Westerly. Nehemiah B. Knight, Providence. 
 
 REPRESENT.iTIVES. 
 
 Roliert B. Cranston, Newport. Joseph L. Tillinghast, Proviilence. 
 
 SUCTH CAROLINA. 
 
 John C. Calh( 
 
 )Un, 
 
 Foi-t Hill. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES 
 
 Samson H. Butler, Barnwell. 
 John Campbell, Parnassus. 
 John K. Gritiin, Newberry. 
 Isaac E. Holmes, Charleston. 
 Francis W. Pickens, Edgefield. 
 
 William C. Preston, Columbia. 
 
 R. Barnwell Rhett, Blue House. 
 James Rogers, i\Iaybinton. 
 Thomas D. Sumter, Slatesburg. 
 Waddy Thompson, jr., (ireenville. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 Alexander Anderson,;' Knoxvil 
 Felix Grundy,'' Nashville. 
 
 John Bell, Nashville. 
 Julius W. Blackwell, .\thens. 
 Aaron V. Brown, Pulaski. 
 William B. Campbell, Carthage. 
 William B. Carter, Elizabethton. 
 .lolin W. Crockett, Trenton. 
 Meredith P. Gentrv, Hariieth. 
 
 SE.VATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 A. O. P. Nicholson, ' Columbia. 
 Hugh Lawson White, J Knoxville. 
 
 Cave Johnson, Clarksville. 
 Abraham McClellan, Blountsville. 
 Hopkins L. Turney, Winchester. 
 Harvey M. Watterson, Shelby ville. 
 ChristopherH. Williams, Lexington. 
 Joseph L. Williams, Kuoxville. 
 
 VER.MONT. 
 
 Samuel S. Phelps, ili.ldlebury. 
 
 Horace Everett, Windsor. 
 Isaac Fletcher, Lvndon. 
 Ililand Hall, Bennington. 
 
 REPRESENT.\TI V ES 
 
 Samuel Prentiss, ^loiitpelier. 
 
 William Slade, .Aliddlebur\ 
 John Smith, St. Albans. 
 
 " Resigned in 1S40. 
 
 (■Elected in place of Richiird Biddle. resiKncd; took his seat December 10. 1.S40. 
 
 (■Elected in place of Willinm S. Ruinscv, deceased; took his seat December 7 1810. 
 
 It Elected m place of William W. Potter, deceased, in 1839; took his scat December 2, 
 
 (•Seat unsuccesstully contested bv Charles J. Ingersoll. 
 
 /Died in 1840. 
 
 8 Elected in place of Hugh Lawson White, resigned; took his seat February i'l; 18-10 
 
 '1 Died December 19, l.s40. 
 
 '■ Appointed in place of Feli.x Grundy, deceased; took his seat January 11, 1841. 
 
 J Resigned January 13, 1S4U. 
 
VA-2 
 
 CONORKSSIONAI. DlKKt'ToRY. 
 
 VIKCIMA. 
 
 SKNATIIRS. 
 
 William C. \i\\\ 
 
 ' Linilst'VsSloiv. 
 
 KEl'HKSESTATIVEsi. 
 
 l-iiin Hanks, Ma<lison. 
 Andn-w Uciriif. riiinii. 
 John M. liotts, Hicliiiiond. 
 Walter Cdlcs, HolH-rt.-icins Store. 
 Kohcrt Cnii;.', Cliristianshni-j;. 
 (it'or^reC. l)i(ini<^o<>li>, (Jaston. 
 .lanu'H(iariaiiil, l-ovinjislon. 
 William I,, tio^jjiin, l.ihcrly. 
 .Tolin Hill, Biii'kinirliam. 
 Joel Ilollemaii,'' Unrwell Bay. 
 (ieoriie W. llopkitis, Lehanon. 
 Kobert M. T. Hunter,' Lloyds. 
 
 William H. Roane, Ricluuond. 
 
 Joseph Johnson, Rridpepnrt. 
 John W. Jones, Petershun;. 
 William Luca", Charle.^town. 
 Fraiu-is Mallory,'' IIam)iton. 
 Charle.M V. Men-er, ' AMie. 
 William M. MiCarty,.' .\le.\an(lria. 
 Franci.-i !•'.. Kive.-', Littleton, 
 (ireen I!. Samuels, Woodstoek. 
 Ix'wis Steennxl, Wheeliii'^'. 
 John Taliaferro, Krederieksburg. 
 Henry A. Wise, Accomac. 
 
 FLOKIDA TEKKITdllY. 
 
 Charles Downing, St. .\ugustine. 
 IOWA TKKKITOKY. 
 
 IlELEOATES. 
 
 William W. Chapman, Hnrlington. ' Augustus C. Dodge,!/ Burlington. 
 
 WISCONSIN TERRITORY. 
 
 1>ELEGATE. 
 
 James I). Doty, Ashton. 
 
 "Took hiH scat .lammry 30. 1841. 
 
 (' RcsiKliol in I.>il0. 
 
 <-Kli-cn-(l spi'iikiT Docember IC, 1.S89. 
 
 ''KIccit**! in phu-o of J<tel Hollemiiii, ri\'*igned: ItMik liisseat. 1841. 
 
 <• RtsiKncd DfitinbtT ifi, I.S39. 
 
 / Elviti'il in iihicc (it Chiirli's F. Morcor, rc.«igne<i: tixik hi.« si'at January 'iS, 1S40. 
 
 ffTmik his scat Uwumbcr S, IWO. 
 
TWENTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 
 
 First session, from Mai/ 31, IS4I, to Septemher IS, 1S41- Second session, from Decciidwr 0, 1S4-1, to Aiiynxl 31, 
 184~- Third session, from December 5, 1S43, to March 3, 1S43. 
 
 Vice-President. — John Tyler," of Virginia. Presidents of the Somte pro tempore. — Samuel S. 
 SoUTnARD, of New Jersey; Willie P. Maxgim, of North Carolina, elected May 81, 1842. .Secretary 
 of the Senate. — Asbiry Dickens, of North Carolina. 
 
 Sjieaker of the House. — John White, of Kentucky. Clcrh of the House. — 31 atthew St. Clair Clarke, 
 of Pennsylvania. 
 
 I 
 
 1 
 
 I 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 senators. 
 Arthur P. Bagby.'' 'Williaiii K. King, St-lnia. 
 
 Clement C. Clay, 'Iluntsville. 
 
 representatives. 
 
 Reuben Chapman, Soinervillc. William W. Payne, Gainesville. 
 
 George S. Houston, Athens. Benjamin G. Shields, Demopolis. 
 
 Dixon H. Lewis, Lowndesboro. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 senators. 
 William S. Fulton, Little Rock. Ambrose H. Sevier, Lake Port. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Edward Cross, Washington. 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Jabez W. Huntington, Norwich. Perry Smith, New iMilfonl. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Wni. W. Boardiuan, New Haven. Truman Smith, Litchfield. 
 
 John H. Brock way, Ellington. Joseph Trumbull, Hartford. 
 
 Thomas B. Osborne, Fairfield. Thos. W. Williams, New Loudon. 
 
 DKLAWARK. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Richard H. Bayard, Wihnington. Thomas Claytmi, Newcastle. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 George B. Rodney, Newcastle. 
 
 a Became President by the (tenth of William Henry Harrison. 
 
 '1 Elected in plai'e of Clement C. Clay, resigned; look his seat December 'JT, IKIl. 
 
 1- Resigned in 1841. 
 
 133 
 
184 
 
 CONORKSSlKNAI. lUKKCTi "K Y . 
 
 .liiliii M. r.iTiini, Savnimali 
 
 GEOIUilA. 
 
 SEXATORS. 
 
 UKl'KESEXTATIVKS. 
 
 Julius ('. All'iird, l^iiirauyo. 
 Kilwiml J, Black," Jaiksonhoro. 
 Walter T. t'oliiiiitt,'' C'dIuimIiiis. 
 Mark A. (.'<)(>|ifr, '■ Coliiiiihns. 
 (iiMirjrf W. Crawfonl, ' Aujriista. 
 William ('. Dawsmi, (iri'i-ii-boro. 
 Tlioiua." F. Foster, t'uliiiulnis. 
 
 Saiiuii'l McKolicrts, PauvilU'. 
 
 Zinlok Casey, ' Mount Vermm. 
 .lol.n Kevuolds,/ Belleville. 
 
 Oliver II. .'^iiiilli. Indianapolis. 
 
 .lames 11. t'ravens, Marion. 
 Amlrew Keniieily, Muncielown. 
 llenrv S, Lane, ('rawfordsville. 
 George II. rrollit, IVtersl.urL'. 
 
 lU.lNol,-*. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 HK1'RE.SEXTAT1 V ES. 
 
 INDIAN.V. 
 SEXATOHS. 
 
 UKI'HESENTATIVKS. 
 
 Henry Clay,'' Lexinpton. 
 John J. t'rittenden. ' Frankfort. 
 
 KEXTIXKY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 KKI'Rh^'iEXTATIVES. 
 
 Ijiuilaff W. Andrews, Flemingsbnrp. 
 I, inn Boyd, Belleview. 
 William O. Butler, C'arrolton. 
 (iarrett I>avis, I'aris. 
 Willis (ireen, (ireene. 
 Tlioma.s F. Marshall, Versailles. 
 Brvan Y. Owslev, .lamestowii. 
 
 l.oriSIANA. 
 
 SEXATOHS 
 
 Alexander Barrow, Baton Kou;,'e. 
 Charles M. Courad,* Xew Orleans. 
 
 REI'KESEXTATIVES. 
 
 .lohn B. Dawson, St. Fraiieisville. 
 John Moore, Franklin. 
 
 (Jeorge Evans, (iardiner. 
 
 Eiisha II. Allen, Bangor. 
 David Bronson,'" An.-on. 
 Nathan CliffoiM, Newlield. 
 William V. Fessenden, Portland. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 SKXATOHS. 
 ItKI'HtsKNT \ rCVh> 
 
 .Mired Cuthlierl, Mnutieello. 
 
 Bo;;er I.. (Jamlile, 1/Ouisville. 
 Kiehard W. Ualiershani.'' Clarkesville. 
 Thomas Butler Kin^^ Waynesville. 
 James .\. Meriwether, Edentou. 
 Eufienins A. Xishet, Macoii. 
 lA)tt Warren, Talmyra. 
 
 Kiehard M. Youn^r. "^uincy. 
 John T. Stuart/' S]iriiigliel<l. 
 
 Alhert S. White, l^afayette. 
 
 Kiiliard W. Tiiompson, Bedfonl. 
 Daviil Wallaee, Imlianajiolis. 
 Josei'li I.. White, Madison. 
 
 James T. Morehead. Frankfort. 
 
 John Pope, Springfield. 
 James C. Spritri:, Shelliyville. 
 John B. Thompson, Ilarrodslmrg. 
 Philip Triplett, OwenslM.ro. 
 Jo.seph R. Underwood, BowliiiL' (irt'en. 
 John White, ^ Riohmoud. 
 
 Alexander Mouton, ' Vermilionville 
 
 Edward D. White. Tliil".deaiixville. 
 
 Keuel Williams, Augusta. 
 
 Nathaniel S. LittletieM. Brid^'eton. 
 Joshua .\. Lowell." Maehias. 
 Alfreil .Mai>'hall, China. 
 Benjamin Kandall, Bath. 
 
 "Took hU M'lit Mnreh 2. 1842. 
 
 '■Tnok his !n-nt Foliniiiry 1. 1S4-.;. 
 
 <■ KIcciiil tn i.liico of Kii'linn) W. lliibiTslinin. rti'irnseil; liKik Ills sfiit K>'tiriii>rv 1. ims. 
 
 ■'Iiliil IiiconilMTj, 1.1IJ. 
 
 'TcM'k hi» .xnl Si'iilenilHT 1. IMl. 
 
 /Twik hlscenl A\iiriiM ii. Is41. 
 
 BToilk ll(ss.ut All(,Ml^l 1^. IMl. 
 
 *KcslKnc(l Marrh SI, IMJ. 
 
 I Kli'('ii-i| lit pliii'i' ef llenrv Cliiv, ri-<liair<l; tiiok lii-> wiit Miircli 31. IM'J. 
 } K1(M|(<1 .spniker Miiy 31. IMl. 
 
 II K.li'cti'il in pliii't' 111 .VU'xandtT Mmiton. rrvlgned: t<x>k Ills scat April 14. 1M2. 
 » K»\«lKniHl Miirih 1. 1M2. 
 
 •n Klii'ii.l In pliici' c)( (iwintc Eviiiis. elivlol Seimlur: tmik lil« scut M«y 31, 1*41. 
 »' KKi'lltm uiifiiet'osufiilly rimt("'tiM!. 
 
TWENTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 
 
 135 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 Jrihn Leeils Kerr, Easton. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William Cost Johii-son, Jefferson. 
 Isaac r>. Jones, Princess Anne. 
 John P. Kennedy, Baltimore. 
 Charles S. Sewall." 
 John T. Mason, Hagerstown. 
 
 William D. Merrick, Aliens Fre^h. 
 
 James A. Pearce, Chestertown. 
 Alexander Randall, .\nnapolis. 
 Ausrnstus R. Sollei-s, Prince Frederick. 
 James W. Williams, '' Churchville. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 Isaac C. Bates, Northampton. 
 
 RErRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 John Qnincy Adams, (^uincy. 
 Nathan Appleton, '■ Boston. 
 Osmvn Baker, Amherst. 
 Nathaniel B. Borden, Fall River. 
 George N. Briggs, Laneslioro. 
 Barker Bnrnell, Nantucket. 
 William B. Calhoun, Springfield. 
 
 MICHIGAN. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Augustus S. Porter, Detroit. 
 
 Rufus Choate, Boston. 
 
 Caleb Cushing, Newburyport. 
 William S. Hastings,'' Mendon, 
 Charles Hudson, Westminster. 
 William Parmenter, East Cambridge. 
 Leverett Saltonstall, Salem. 
 Robert C. Winthrop, ' Boston. 
 
 William Woodbridge, Detroit. 
 
 RERRESEXT-^TIVE. 
 
 Jacoli ]S1. Howard. Detroit. 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 SEX.VTORS. 
 
 John Henderson, Pass Christian. Robert J. Walker, Madi.«onville. 
 
 REPRESEXT.iTIVES. 
 
 William JI. Gwin,.'" Vicksburg. Jacob Thompson, r/ Oxford. 
 
 t 
 
 JIISSOURI. 
 
 SEXATORS. 
 
 Thomas H. Benton, St. Louis. Louis F. Linn, St. Genevieve. 
 
 REPRHSEXTATIVES. 
 
 John C. Edwards, Jefferson City. John Miller, Ciooch Mill. 
 
 Franklin Pierce,'' Concord. 
 Leonard Wiloox, ' O.'tford. 
 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 SENATORS, 
 REPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Levi Woodburv, Portsmouth. 
 
 Charles G. Atherton, Nashua. 
 Edmund Burke, Newport. 
 Ira A. Eastman, Gilmanton. 
 
 John R. Reding, Haverhill. 
 Tristram Shaw, Exeter. 
 
 o Took hi? sertt .Tiinuarv 7. 1S43. 
 
 t Died December 2. 1842. 
 
 <■ Eleoteil in place of Robert C. Winthrop, resigned: took his seat June 9, 1S4'J; resigned in 1S4'2. 
 
 rtDied June 17. 1.S42. 
 
 f Resiirned Mav. 2.5. 1.S42: subsequently elected in place of Xathan Appleton, resigned, and took his seat December 5, 1S42. 
 
 .fTook his seat' December 23, 1S41. 
 
 wTook bis .seat December 9, 1842. 
 
 '' Resigned in 1^42. 
 
 • Appointed iu place of Franklin Pierce, resigned: took his seat March 7, 1S42: subsequently elected by the legislature. 
 
136 
 
 CONORKSSIONAI, DIRKITORY. 
 
 NKW .IKHSKY. 
 
 William L. Dayton," Trenton. 
 Jacoli W. MilliT, Mnrristown. 
 
 John B. Avcripp, Pvniimis!. 
 William ifalstead, I'rontoii. 
 John V. li. Miixwoll, lU'lviilero. 
 
 HKl'UESEXTATIVBs. 
 
 Saiuui'l I,. Si.ntlianl.'' Trciitiin. 
 
 Jopeph F. Randolph, New Brunswick, 
 ("harles C. Stratton, Swe<U'sl>oro. 
 Tliomas Joiu's Yorke, Saleiii. 
 
 NKW YORK. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Naflianii'l I". T:illiiiai1)»o, PoiiphkeepiJie. 
 
 KEPHK.SEXTATIVKS. 
 
 Alfrol Bnhcock, (iaine.-'. 
 Daniel D. Barnartl, Altiany. 
 Victory Binlscvf, I'ompey. 
 Barnard ISIair, Salem. 
 Samuel S. Bnwne, Cooporstown. 
 David P. Brewster, ()s\ve(;i). 
 Timothy Cliilds, Uoehe,''ter. 
 TlK)ma.« (". Cliittenden. .\dam.«. 
 John C Clarke, Bainlirid^e. 
 Staley N. Clarke, Klli.ntt.sville. 
 James (i. Clinton, Newlmri;. 
 Kicliard D. Davis, Toujilikeepsie. 
 Andrew \V. Doi^:. Lowville. 
 Joseph Egbert, Tompkinsville. 
 Charle.sti. FerrLs, New York. 
 IMillard Fillmore, Buffalo. 
 Charles .\. Floyd, Coniniaek. 
 John (i. Floyd, Ctiea. 
 A. I>awrenee Foster, ISIorrisville. 
 Seth M. (iates, Leroy. 
 Samuel Cordon, Delhi. 
 
 Silas \Vri>rlit, jr.. Canton. 
 
 Francis (iranger, '' Canandaigua. 
 John tJreifj.'' Canandaijina. 
 .laiol) llout'k. jr.. i^i'lioharie. 
 Iliram 1'. Hunt. Troy. 
 Archibald L. Linn, Schenectady. 
 John Maynard, Seneca Falls. 
 Hotierl ^IcClellan, Hudson. 
 John .McKeon, .\ew York. 
 Christopher .Moriian, .\urora. 
 William M. t>liver. I'enn Yan. 
 Sanuicl Parlridiri'. Klmira. 
 Lewis Kijr^rs, Homer. 
 James 1. Boo.scvelt, New York. 
 John Sanford, .\msterilani. 
 Thomas .\. Tondinson, Kee-seville. 
 John Van Buren. Kingston. 
 Henry \'an Rensselaer, ( Igilenshurg. 
 .Aaron Ward, .Mount Hlea.sant. 
 Fi'rnando Wood. New Y"ork. 
 John Y'oung, Geneseo. 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 William .\. (irahara, Hillshovf 
 
 SKXATOItS. 
 
 RKI'KESKXTATIVKS 
 
 Archibald 11. .Vrrington, Hilliard.ston. 
 (ireen W. Caldwell, Charlotte. 
 John R. J. Daniel, Halifax. 
 Kdmund Deberry, Lawrenceville. 
 James (irahani. Rutherfordton. 
 James J. Mi Kay, Elizahethtown. 
 Anderson Mitchell,.' Wilkesboro. 
 
 Willie I'. Mangum.' Red Mountain. 
 
 Kenneth Kayner, Winton. 
 Abraliam Hencher, I'itt.sboro. 
 Romulus ^L Saunders, lialeigh. 
 Augustine H. .'^hepjierd. Salem. 
 Kdward Stanly. Washington. 
 William H. Wa.'^hington, Newln-rn! 
 Ix-wis Williams, tf I'auther Creek. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 William Allen, Chillicothe. 
 
 REPRESENT ATI VRS. 
 
 Sherlock ,1. Andrews, Cleveland. 
 Benjamin S. Cowen, St. Clairsville. 
 Ezra Dean, Woo.ster. 
 William Doan. Withamsville. 
 Joshua R. (iiddings.'i Jefferson. 
 Patrick (i. (ioode, Sidney. 
 John Hastings, Salem. 
 Samson Mason, S|iringtield. 
 James Mathews, Coshocton. 
 Joshua Mathiot, Newark. 
 
 I'.cnjaMiin Tap|>an, .>»tenlienville. 
 
 William Meilill, Lancaster. 
 Calvary Morris, .\thens. 
 Jeremiah Morrow. Twentynnle Stand. 
 Nathaniel <;. Pendleton, Cinciiniati. 
 Jo.seph Ridgwav, Cohnnhus. 
 William Russell. Portsmouth. 
 Samuel Stokely. Steubenville. 
 (ieorge Sweenv, Bucyrus. 
 John B. Weller, Haiiiilton. 
 
 a Appointed In plnoe of Snniurl L. Soiithiinl. dccconcil: took hl.i wat July 6, 1842: .■niljsoqucnlly elected by the leirislature. 
 
 b I'lvxiili'iil pro temiHin- rt')ilf;nc<l Mbv 31. 1S42; died June 26. 1M2. 
 
 r KliHiol in pliiii' 111 .lolin GrrlK. resigned; t<mk his sent December T. IN4I. 
 
 <K<«lKn<Hl In IMl. 
 
 ' Eleeti'd I'nsliUnI iini tcniiHire May :tl. 1M2. in plai'e ii( .'vimiiel I.. Sontlinnl, re.«iKiuil. 
 
 / Klecled in pliK'i' 111 1,1'wt.'. n'illliuns. duceiuied; ttnik Ills sent April 27, 1.>H2. 
 
 i)U'<l Ffbruiirv 2:i. 1M2. 
 
 » Resigned Mareh 22. 1M2: reelected, nnd limk Ills s<>iit I>veeniber .'>. 1(M2. 
 
TWENTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 
 
 137 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 James Buehaium, Laiuaster. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 KEl'RESENTATIVES. 
 
 Henry W. Beeson, I'niontown. 
 Benjamin A. Bidlack, AVilkesbarre. 
 Henry Black." 
 
 Charles Brown, Philadelphia. 
 Jeremiah Brown, Goshen. 
 James Cooper, Gettysburg. 
 Davis Dimock, jr., ft Montrose. 
 John Edwards, Ivy Mills. 
 Joseph Fornance, Norristown. 
 James Gerry, Shrewsbury. 
 Amos Gustine, MitHintown. 
 Thomas Henry, Beaver. 
 Charles J. Ingersoll, Philadel]iliia. 
 Joseph R. Inger.soll, '■ I'liiladelphia. 
 James Irvin, ,Milesburg. 
 William AV. Irwin, Pittsburg. 
 
 Daniel Sturgeon, Uniontown. 
 
 William Jack, Brookevillc. 
 Francis James, Westchester. 
 George M. Keim, Reading. 
 Joseph Lawrence,'' Washington. 
 Thomas M. T. McKennan, Washington. 
 Albert G. JIarchand, tireensburg. 
 Peter Newhard, Alleutown. 
 Arnold Plumer, Franklin. 
 Robert Ramsey, Hartsville. 
 Almon II. Read, '" IMontrose. 
 James M. Ru.-^scll, ,/' Bcdfonl. 
 John Sergeant, ;/ Philadeliihia. 
 William Simonton, Ilummelstown. 
 John Snyder, Selinsgrove. 
 George W. Toland, Philadeliihia. 
 John Westbrook, Dingmans Ferry. 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 Nathan F. Dixon,''' Westerly. 
 James F. Sinniions, Providenc 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 AVilliani Spragne, ' Xatii-k. 
 
 K K I'RESENTATI VES. 
 
 Rolievt 1!. Cranstiin, Xewpnrt. 
 
 Joseph J>. Tillingha^t, Providence. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 John C. Calhoun, Foj-t Hill. 
 George ilcDuttie, ■' Edgefield. 
 
 Samson H. Butler, ' Barnwell. 
 William Butler, Greenville. 
 Patrick C. Caldwell, Newl)erry. 
 John Campliell, Parnassus. 
 Isaac E. Holmes, Charleston. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Vacant. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENT ATI V ES. 
 
 Thomas D. Arnold, Greenville. 
 Aaron V. Brown, Pulaski. 
 Milton Brown, Jackson. 
 Thomas J. Campliell, Athens. 
 William B. Campbell, Carthage. 
 Robert L. Caruthers, Lebanon. 
 Meredith P. Gentry, Harpeth. 
 
 Samuel C. Craft,«," Craftslmry. 
 Samuel S. Phelps, Middleliury. 
 
 VERJMONT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Horace Everett, Windsor. 
 Hiland Hall. Bennington. 
 John Mattocks, Peacham. 
 
 William ('. Presti>n,'' Ccihniibia. 
 
 Francis W. Pickens, EdgeficM. 
 Robert Barnwell Rhett, Blue House. 
 James Rogers, Ma>liington. 
 Thomas D. Sumter, Statesbui'g. 
 S. W. Trotti,"< Barnwell. 
 
 Alfred O. P. Nicholson, Cohm; 
 
 Cave Johnson, Clarksville. 
 Abraham McClellan, Elountsvillo. 
 Hopkins L. Turney, Winchester. 
 Harvey M. Watterson, Sliclbyville. 
 Christopher II. Williams, Lexington. 
 Joseph L. Williams, Knoxville. 
 
 Samuel Prentiss," Montpelier. 
 
 William Slad<', Middlcbury. 
 Augustus Young, Johnson. 
 
 n ElfOtert in place of Charle.s Ogle, dcceii-sed, Miiv 10, 1841: died November 28, 1.S41. 
 I' Died January 13, 1842. 
 
 f" Elected in place of John Sergeant, resigned; took his seat December 9, 1841. 
 '' Died April 17, IML>, 
 
 ''Elected in place of Davis Dimock. jr., deceased; took bis seat March 18. 184'J. 
 f Elected in place of Joseph Lawrence, deceased; took his seat January '.i. 1842. 
 » Resigned in 1841. 
 '1 Died January 29, 1842. 
 
 i Elected in jilaee of Nathan F. Dixon, deceased: took bis seat February IS. 1S42. 
 j'Eleeted in phici' of \\'illiam C. Preston, resigned; took his seat January 3, 1843. 
 *'Resit;ned liccenil.er, 1842. 
 ' Resigned in 1S42. 
 
 "' Elcctc'l m pljici' of Siinisnn II. Untler, resigned; took his seat December 17. 1842. 
 "Appointetl in place of Sanuicl Prentiss, resigned; took his seat April SO, 1842. 
 "Resigned April II, 1K42. 
 
18f> CUNUKESSK'N AI. 1 U UKi 1 < IK V. 
 
 VIKCilNlA. 
 SKXATllKN. 
 
 William S. An-licr, I'.IU Mill. William C. ]{ivi-s, lWii(ivo(;lio. 
 
 H Kl-RKSENTATIVEM. 
 
 Limi ^.allk^•, Mailiwui. Kiliiimid W. llnlianl, CiinlsvilU^ 
 
 Kiolianl W. Uartoii, Windiest, r. KubiTt M. T. Hunter, Lloyds. 
 
 John M. BDtt.-i, Kieliiudnii. John W. Jones, I'etersliur);. 
 
 (ieoifie li. (.'arv, Bethlelicni. I'nuui.s IMalloiv, Iiaiii|itun. 
 
 Walter Coles, Ixobertsons Store. Cuthlpert I'nwell, r])|H'rvill(i. 
 
 Thus. W. (iiliner, t'liarli>ttesville. William Smith,'' Cnlipejier. 
 
 William I,. (ioj.'(iin, Olterliriilge. l,e\vis Steenrod, ^\■lu■ehn^.^ 
 
 William O. Coode, lloydton. Ale.\. II. II. Stnart. ,<laimton. 
 
 William \. Harris, l.iiiay. (icor^ie W. l>nmmers, Kanawlia. 
 
 Samuel 1,. Hays, Stuaril.s Creek. John Taliaferm, Krederieksljurg. 
 
 George W. Hojikins, Lebanon. Henry A. Wise, Aeeouiac. 
 
 |-l.i>i;il>\ TKRRIT(.)KY. 
 
 OKl.KO.VTK. 
 
 Havid Levy, St. Augustine. 
 loWA TKliKIToKY. 
 
 l>KI.K<i.\Ti:. 
 
 Augustus C. Hoilpe, Burlington. 
 WISCDXSIX TKKKin iKY. 
 
 l)EI,K(i.\TK. 
 
 Menry Dodge, ■' Dodgeville. 
 
 "Sent suei'f.sj'fully i-iMilisliii liy WllUiim Siniih, 
 
 !• Sui'ci'.wfullv toiitestiil tile elwtkiu i>( Limi Uiink»: lui'k liis Miit iK'Ci'mlier il, ISll. 
 
 ••Took his seiit Deiouilx-r 7. IMl. 
 
 I 
 
TWENTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. 
 
 Fii'Ktsi'sxiiiii.fnnii Pifiiiiher//, IS.j'l, lojiiiii' 17, 1S44. Si'comi sension, friDii Dfcewhcr 2, 1S44, l'i.]far(ii S, 1S4S. 
 
 Vice-rri:iiihnt." l^rsitlnil of tlie Senate pro tenijjore.—Wihi.ii-: V. Mangi'm, of North Carolina. 
 Secretary af the Senate. — Asiu'RY Dickens, of North Carolina. 
 
 Speaker (if the Ilimse. — John \V. Joxks, of Virginia. Speaker of the Iloime pro tempore. — Georoe W. 
 HoiMvixs, of Vir<;riniu. Vh rkx <f the House. — ^Iatthew St. Clair Clarke, of IVniisyivaiiia; Caleb.!. 
 IMfN'ri-TY, of Ohio, elected December 6, 1S43; Be.nmamix B. French, of New llaiupshire, elected 
 Jaiuiary IS, 1845. 
 
 > 
 
 ALAIUJIA. 
 
 senators. 
 
 Arthur P. Bagby, Tuscaloosa. Dixon li. Lewi.'J, <' LowiuleslHjro. 
 
 Williuui I\. King,'' Selnia. 
 
 REI'HESENTATIVES. 
 
 .lanios K. Belser, jMontgonicry. Dixon, II. Lewis,'' Lowiulesboro. 
 
 Reuben Chajmuin, Sonierville. Felix <i. McConnell, Talladega, 
 
 .lames Dellet, Claiborne. William W. I'ayne, (iainesville. 
 
 George S. Houston, .\thens. William L. Yancey,'' Wefnnipka. 
 
 akka\.'~;as. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Chester Ashlev,' l.ittU- KocU. Ambrose II. Sevii'i-, Lake I'cjrt. 
 
 AVilliam S. Fn'lton,.'' Little H.wk. 
 
 KEI'RESENTATIVE. 
 
 Lihvard Cross, AVashington. 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 .Talii'z W. Huntington, Norwich. .fohn M. Niles, Hartford. 
 
 REI'RKSENTATIVES. 
 
 George S. Catlin, AVindham. Samuel Simons, Bridgeport. 
 
 Thomas H. Seymour, llartfonl. John Stewart, Middle Haddam. 
 
 DKLAWAKE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 Richard II. bayard. Wilmington. Thomas C'layton, Newcastla. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 George B. Rodney, Newcastle. 
 
 ".Inlin TvUt Li'i-iiinc Prcfident l>v tlii.' fU'iith of Williiira Ilenrv Hnrrisoa. 
 
 IjRfsiKmd April L'., \nM. 
 
 c .\piK)int'^'l Sciuitiir in placu of WilUnm R. Kinp, rt'signod; took his .sunt Miiy 7. Isl4. 
 
 '' Kk'ctril ill i.Incf of Dixon H. Lewi.s, ai>pointc'ti Senator; took his seat Deceuilier "J. Isll. 
 
 '-■ Kli.'1'ti.-ci ill jiliiri' nf William .S. Fulton, deceased; took his seat December 4, 18H. 
 
 ./■Died AllKUst 1,"), 1811. 
 
140 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL JUKKt'TOKY. 
 
 t.KDKiWA. 
 
 SKNATOHS. 
 .1. M:ii|ilii'rsiiii ricrrii'ii, Savaiiiiali. 
 
 KK['KK8KXTATIVRS. 
 
 Kdwaiil .1. Hlaik, Jacksmiliurii. 
 Altsaloiii II. ('Iiai>iu01, Ma<'<m. 
 Duncan L. Clinch," St. Marys. 
 Howdl ('nl)h, .\tlu"ns. 
 Ilu-tli .\. Haralson, Lajfrani^e. 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 SKNA Tons. 
 
 Sidney Breese, Carlyle. 
 Sanniol McKo})prt.«. «' 
 
 RKPKKSKNTAII V K.-i. 
 
 Stephen A. l)oiiy:la.s, <Jnincy. 
 f)rlanilo B. Ficklin, Charleston. 
 John .1. llanlin, Jacksonville. 
 Joseph r. I lofie, Galena. 
 
 IXniAXA. 
 
 ' SKNATORS. 
 
 lvl\v;Lrd .\. I Lnnicixaii. Coviiiirton. 
 
 1<KI"KI>1ENTATIVK.S. 
 
 WiHiani J. Urown, Inilianai>olis. 
 John W. Davis, Carlisle. 
 Thomas J. llenley, New Washington. 
 Amlrew Kennedy, Mnncietown. 
 Robert Dale ( »\ven. New llannonv. 
 
 Walti-r T. Cnl(|Mitt, Cnlnmhup. 
 
 .lolui II. I.nnipkin, Uonie. 
 John Millen,'' Savainiali. 
 .\. II. Ste|ihens, Craw fordville. 
 William II. Stiles, Ca.ssville. 
 
 James Semjile,'' Alton. 
 
 John \. McClernand. Shawneetown. 
 Robert Smith, I'pper .\lton. 
 .lohn \Veiil\Vf)rth, I'liicatio. 
 
 Albert S. Wliiti-, Lafayette. 
 
 John I'ettit, Lafayette. 
 Samuel C. Samiile, South Bend. 
 Caleb B. Smith, Connersville. 
 Thomas Smith, Versailles. 
 Joseph A. Wriftht, Rockville. 
 
 KKNTCCKY. 
 
 SKNATOUS. 
 
 John J. Crittenden, Krankl'ort. 
 
 UKI'UKSKXTATIVRS. 
 
 Linn Boyil, I'.elleview. 
 (Teorpe A. Caldwell, Colinnbia. 
 (iarrett Davis, Paris. 
 Richard Krench, Mount Sterling. 
 Willis tireen, (ireen. 
 
 LOXnslANA. 
 
 SICXATORS. 
 
 -Mexaiider Harrow, Baton Konjre. 
 Henry Johnson,' New River. 
 
 RKfRK-SENTATIVES. 
 
 Peter E. Bossier, f/ Natchitoches. 
 John B. Dawson, St. Francisville. 
 Alc(''e I^ahranche, New Orleans. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 SK\" \'roKS. 
 
 Oeorge Evans, (iardiiier. 
 John Fairtield. ' Saco. 
 
 R Kl-KK-SKNTATl V Ks. 
 
 Shepard C'ary.i Honlton. 
 Robert 1'. Dindap, Brunswick. 
 Ilaninbal llandiu. Hampden. 
 Joshua Herrick, Kennelmnkport. 
 
 James T. Morehead, riauki'ort. 
 
 Henrv (iric.er, Bnwlinj; Cire<?n. 
 James v.'. Ston.', Taylorsville. 
 William I'. Tnoma.s.son, Louisville. 
 John W. Tibl)atts, Newport, 
 John White, Richinon<l. 
 
 .VlexandiM- I'nrter..'" 
 
 Isiiac E. Morse,'' St. Martinsville. 
 John Slidell, New Orleans. 
 
 L'liiel Williams. 
 
 Knt'man 11. Morsi\ Bath. 
 Luther Severance, .\u|.rnsta. 
 Iteujamin White,* Moutville. 
 
 n Elocli'fl In iiliirc iif .Tolin Millen. <loi'i'«.«ocl; tiiok his sent Fchrnnry IR, lS-14. 
 ftnua (icIoIkt l.S. 1H-I:t. 
 <^riii-<l Miinh JT. IMS. 
 
 'I ApiKihiliil in plncf of Siimiiel McKoIktI.", dceeii.M'tl. Mnrch 2", 1>M3; t«x>k Ills siiii l>icomU.T4, 1^U); subsv<|ucntly elected 
 by till- lf|fi«liilurc. 
 'Electiil ill phirc of .\li'xaniler Porter. ilepeiisiH) : took Ills sent Mnrch 4. l.'MI. 
 /Dieil .IiMMinrv i:i, 1.'<-I4. 
 Olllcl Ajirll ji. 1H44. 
 
 * Eleclfl in phici' o( I'eter E. Bossier, ileeen.sed; look his sent KecemlMT 2. 1S44. 
 
 < Elected in pliiee .•( Heiiel WUIlums. re,«l(fned In IMS; took his K-nt December 4, l.^na 
 >To<>k Ills sent Miiy in. IMi. 
 
 * Toole Ills sent UeeemlKT'J. 18-14. 
 
TWENTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. 141 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 AVilliain T>. IMerrick, Aliens Fresli. James Alfred Pearce, Chestertown. 
 
 KEI'RESEXT.YTIVES. 
 
 Franci.s Brengle, Fredericktown. Jacob A. Preston, Perrymansville. 
 
 J. M. S. Causin, Leonardtown. Thomas A. Spence, Snow Hill. 
 
 John P. Kennedy, Baltimore. John Wethered, Franklin. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 Isaac C. Bates, Northampton. Kufus Choate, Boston. 
 
 KEPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 Amos Abbott," Andover. Daniel P. King, South Danvers. 
 
 John Quinoy Adams, Qnincy. William Parmenter, East Canibridge. 
 
 Osnivn Baker,'' Amher.'^t. Julius Kockwell,'' Pittstield. 
 
 Barker Burnell. '' Henry Williams, Taunton. 
 
 Jose])h Grinnell, New Bedford. Robert C. AVinthrop, Boston. 
 Charles Hudson, Westminster. 
 
 MICHIGAN. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Augustus S. Porter, Detroit. William W(p(iilliridge, Detroit. 
 
 HEI>RESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 James B. Hunt, Pontiae. Robert Met'lelland, Monroe. 
 
 Lucius Lyon, Grand Rapids. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John Henderson, Pa.ss Christian. Robert J. Walker, Aladiscmville. 
 
 REI'UESEXTATIVES. 
 
 William H. Hammett, Princeton. Jacob Thompson, Gxl'onl. 
 
 Robert W. Roberts, Ilillsboro. Tilghman AI. Tucker, Columbus. 
 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 David R. Atchison, f- Platte City. Louis F. Linn. .^' 
 
 Thomas H. Benton, St. Louis. 
 
 REI'RESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Gustavus M. Bower, Paris. John Jameson, Fulton. 
 
 James B. Bowlin, St. Louis. James H. Relfe, Caledonia. 
 
 James M. Hughes, Liberty. 
 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Charles G. Atherton, Nashua. Levi Woodbury, Portsmouth. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Edmund Burke, Newport. Moses Norris, jr., Pittstield. 
 
 John P. Hale, Dover. John R. Reding, Haverhill. 
 
 NEW JERSEW 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 William L. Dayton, Trenton. Jacob W. :\Iiller, Murristnwn. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Lucius Q. C. Elmer, Bridgeton. George Sykes, Mount Holly. 
 
 Isaac G. Farlee, Flemingfon. AVilliam Wright, Newark. 
 
 L. Kirkpatrick, New Brunswick. 
 
 "Took his seat February 15, 1844. 
 ''Took his seat January" 22, 1844. 
 ■■Died June 4. 1843. 
 '(Took his seat February 2, 1S44. 
 
 <■ Appointed in place of Louis F. Liuu, deceased, Dctober 3, ls43; took his seat December 4, 1843: s\ibseiiuently elected by 
 the legislature. 
 / Died October 3, 1843. 
 
14t 
 
 C"0Nt>KK8SIONAL DIKKCTOKY. 
 
 NKW VdKK. 
 
 SENATOItS. 
 
 Daniel S. Diokiiison," Binnlianifriii. 
 
 .lolin A. Dix.'' 
 
 IIciiiv A. Foster, <■ Koine. 
 
 KEI'BESENTATIVES. 
 
 .Ins, II. .\n(lfi>i(in. White I'laiiis. 
 I'liiiicl I>. Mariiard, .Vlluiny. 
 Sainiiel I'eaidsK'V,.'' I'lica. 
 Charleys. IWiitnn, Mohawk. 
 Levi l>. Cai|ientcr,f/ \ValiT\ ille. 
 C. II. Carriill, ( inivelainl ('cuter. 
 Jeremiah I'". Cary, Cherry Valley, 
 .laiiie.i (i. ('liiitnii, Newlnnc. 
 .\masa Dana, Ithaea. 
 liichanl D. Davis, rimuhkeepsic. 
 Clicssi'liicn Kllij^, Waterl'nnl. 
 Ilaiiiiltiin l'"ish. .New York. 
 Bvrain < ireen, SdiIm?'. 
 \Viillani .>^. llnl.hell, Hath. 
 Orville Iliinjierl'oril, Watertnwn. 
 Wa.'<hinj;t<in Iliint, I.ockport. 
 Preston Kinjr, (»j.'iU'nshnr>j. 
 Mose.-? (i. Lecjnanl, New York. 
 
 X. P. Tallmadiie,'' Poughke 
 Silas Writrht, jr.,"' ("anion. 
 
 William l;. .Maclav, .\.-w York. 
 William A. Mosek-y, Bnffal... 
 Henry (.'. .Mnrphy, I'rooklyn. 
 TliDina.H .1. Patterson, l{iiche.ster. 
 J. Phillii.H Phienix, New York. 
 Zaihiek Pratt, Prattsville. 
 Smith M. I'unly, Norwieli. 
 (ieort'e Kathlimi, .Vulinrn. 
 Orville Kohinson, Mexico. 
 Charles Ito(;er.s, Samly Hill, 
 .lercmiah Uussell, .^aiijrertie.'f. 
 Davi'l I,. Sevmour, Troy. 
 .Vlliert Smitii, Batavia. " 
 Lemuel Slet.son, Keeseville. 
 Selali I?. Strong, Selanket. 
 Asher Tyler, Kllicottsville. 
 Ilonice U'heaton, Pompey. 
 
 NOKTII CAKOI.INA. 
 si;x vTous. 
 
 William II. llaywuod, Halei^h. 
 
 KEPnESK.NrATlVh><. 
 
 .\. H. .Vrrin-iton, Hillianlston. 
 I'anicl M. Barrin^cr, Conconl. 
 Thomas L. ('lini;maii, .\shevillc. 
 ,Iohn K. .1. Daniel, llalil'ax. 
 Kilmnml Deherry, Lawrenceville, 
 
 William .Vllen, Chillicothe. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 SENATOKS. 
 HEl'KESE.ST VTIVES. 
 
 Henry K. Hrinkerhoff, ' I'lymonlh. 
 ,Iacol) Hrinkerhoff, ManslieM. 
 Kzra Dean, Wooster. 
 Alexaniler Duncan, Cincinnati. 
 Llia.s Florence, Circlesville. 
 .loslma K. (iidilinvr.s, .leffeivon. 
 Kilward S. Hamlin,.' Klyria. 
 -Mexamler Ilar|icr, Zanesville. 
 I'erley P.. .lohii.son, McConnellsville. 
 .Tames Mathews, Coshocton. 
 William C. McCaiislen, StenlK'iiville. 
 Joseph J. McDowell, Hillsboro. 
 
 Willie P. Man-mil 
 
 Kill Mountain. 
 
 James J. McKay, I'.lizahetlitown. 
 Kenneth Uavner, Wintoii. 
 David S. Held, Keidsville. 
 Romulus M. Saundeif, Pali'i-^h. 
 
 Benjamin Tappan, .^leulicjiville. 
 
 Ilenian Allen Moore,* Coluinbui". 
 Josejih Morris, WoodslieM. 
 Kmery D. Potter, Tole.lo. 
 Koliert C. Selienck, Dayton. 
 Henry .<t. John, Tillin.' 
 .\lfred P. Stone,' (^llunlln^s. 
 Daniel K. Tilden, Ravenna. 
 Joseph N'ance, I'rhana. 
 John .I.Vamneter, Piketon. 
 Samuel F. Vinton, liallipolis. 
 John B. Wellor, Hamilton. 
 
 PKNNSYLVAXIA. 
 
 SEN ATOHS. 
 
 James Buihanan. Lancaster. 1 'aniel Sturgeon, I'nioniown. 
 
 liKI'HRSK.NTATIVKS. 
 
 Benj. .\. Bidlack, Wilke.sliarre. 
 James Blaek, Newport. 
 
 Kiehanl Broilliead, luislon. 
 Jeremiah Brown, (ioshen. 
 
 ■iAii|Kiliiii-il In pliici' of NiilliHiilcl P. TnllmiidK"'. ri'signcft; liKik liin 8i'i>l IiecfinlHT 9, 1K44; i.iib»e.|iifmly ilwli-"! !>>• tlio 
 U'tfi^faturc. 
 
 '•KK-cUnI III \t\iiri.' i.( slliis WriKlit, Jr., ri'si(fiie.l. Henry .\. KihUt liiivini; bwii ii|>|»)lnlcil pn> l<'iii|»in-; tixik liU kkkI 
 jHiiiiitry •.'". 1*^I.T. 
 
 •• AiiiHiUihil ill pliii-c III SIliK WHkIiI. Jr.. rcsiKii!''): toek lil» •'vnl Iici'i'IiiIht '), 1M<. 
 
 •' Kc«ik'iic<l SiplriiiliiT 13. IMI; iipiKiliuiMl Kinvriiiir i>( Wlw.iiislii TiTrltury ScpIciiiliiT lit. lim. 
 
 <■ IU'«Ikiu'iI DiiiiiilMT 1. \im. 
 
 / Rislitiu-.l .Miirch i;. IMl. 
 
 tf Kli'iifil 111 pluii' cif SamiU'1 Hi'iinlslcy, ri-slKiK''!; tiMik liN M'lit IHTi'inlicr 'J. IMl. 
 
 A l*rt«-i(li'iil prti tt'iiiiMirr. 
 
 I llii'<l Al>rll :«l. IMI. 
 
 J KlviU'ii 111 pliice of lU'iiry U. llrliikiTholI, ilei'i'ii-n'il; l<H>k his «'iil Ihti-iiiUt ■-'. 1M4. 
 
 kl>[v,\ April :;3. IM-l. 
 
 ' EUm'Ic'iI III place of Ili'miin Allen McMirc, ilecciiwil; look 111" seal iifconilMT 2, Ihji. 
 
TWENTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. 
 
 143 
 
 Joseph Buffington, Kittanning. 
 Cornelius Darragh," Pittst)urg. 
 John Dirkey, Beaver. 
 Henry D. Fo'^ter, Greensburg. 
 Henry Frick, '' Milton. 
 George Fuller, <■ Montrose. 
 Samuel Hays, Franklin. 
 Charles J. Ingersoll, PhiUidelpliia. 
 Joseph R. Ingersoll, l'liiUulel])hia. 
 James Irvin, ^lilesbnrg. 
 Michael H. Jenks, Xewtown. 
 A. K. Mcllvaine, Brandywine. 
 
 Edward Joy Morris, riiiludi'l|.liiii. 
 Henry Nes, York. 
 James rollocK/' Milton. 
 Alexander Kamsey, Harrishurg. 
 Alnion II. Read,'" ^lontrose. 
 Charles M. Reed, Erie. 
 John Ritter, Reading. 
 John T. Smith, Philadelphia. 
 Andrew Stewart, t'niontiiwn. 
 William Wilkins, ,'' I'ittshurg. 
 Jacob S. Yost, I'ottstown. 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 John Brown Francis,.'/ Providence. 
 James F. Simmons, Providence. 
 
 l!El'l!ESKNTA'l'[VK! 
 
 Henry Y. Cranston, Xewpnrt. 
 
 ^Villiam Sprague,* Natick. 
 
 Elisha R. Potter, Kingston. 
 
 S(^UTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SEN.^TORS. 
 
 Daniel E. Hnger, ' Charleston. 
 
 George McDuflie. Edgefield. 
 
 HEPRESE.NT.iTIVES. 
 
 Jas. A. Black, Cherokee L-on Works. 
 Armistead Burt, Abbeville. 
 John Campbell, Parnassus. 
 Isaac E. n(jlmes, (Charleston. 
 
 Ivjiliraiiii II. Fnsler, Nashville. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 SEN.\T0RS. 
 HK1>RESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 John P.. Ashe, Brownsville. 
 Julius W. Blackwell, Athens. 
 Aaron V. Brown, Pulaski. 
 Miltnn Brown, Jackson. 
 Alvan Cullom, Livingston. 
 D. \y. Dickinson, ^lurfreesboro 
 
 Sanuu'l S. Plielps, Middleliury, 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 .SKN.\TOUS. 
 I!E1'RESENT.\'1'1V1> 
 
 Jacob CoUamer, Woodstock. 
 Paul Dillingham, jr., Waterbury 
 
 William S. .\rebcr, Elk Hill. 
 
 VIR(tINIA. 
 sen'.vtors. 
 
 HEl'RESENT.VTIVES. 
 
 Archiliald Atkinson, Smithtield. 
 Thomas H. Bayly,./ Accomac. 
 -Vugustus A. (.'liapman, Union. 
 
 R. Barnwell Rhelt, I'.lue House. 
 Richard !•'. Simpsnn, I'endletonville. 
 Jos. A. Woodward, Winnsboro. 
 
 Sjjencer .Tarnagin, Athens. 
 
 Andrew Johnson, (ireenville. 
 Cave Johnson, Clarksville. 
 Gfeorge ^\. Jones, Fayetteville. 
 Joseph H. Peyton, (iallatin. 
 William T. Senter, Panther Snrings. 
 
 William I'jiliam, !\lonlpelier 
 
 Solomon Foot, Rutland. 
 George P. IMarsh, Burlington. 
 
 William C. Rives, P.entivcii.'lio. 
 
 Samuel Chilton, Warrenton. 
 Walter Cciles, Roljertsons Store. 
 George C. Dromgoole, Summit. 
 
 n Elected in place of William Wilkins, resigned; took his seat March 26. l&M. 
 
 SDicd March I, 1844. 
 
 <• Klcctcil ill i)lace of Almon H. Read, deceased: took his .seat December 2, 1844. 
 
 '' V,\vr[fi\ ill place of Henry Frick, deceased; took his seat April 2;i. 1844. 
 
 <Iiic<l .lime ;f, 1844. 
 
 .(' Resiitiicd ill 1,S44, ha viiis been appointed Secretary of War. 
 
 u Klictcd in place of William SpraKiie, resigned; took his seat Februarv 7, 1844. 
 
 'I Kcsisjned .biniiary 17. 1844. 
 
 1 Klected in place of .lohn C. Calhoun, resigned March 3, 1843; took his seat December 7, 1K43. 
 
 J Elected iu place of Ilenry A. Wise, resigned; took his seat May 6, 1844. 
 
U4 
 
 (•l)N(*KKSSI().N.\l, DIKKCTtiUV. 
 
 Tluiinas W. tiilmer," Clinrlottesville. 
 William I., (icvuiii,'' Otici- liii.lne. 
 (it'oii.'"' W. llii|ikiMs, ' Aliiii^'iloii. 
 I'Miiuiiicl \V. lliihanl, Curdsvillf. 
 ,I(ilui \V. .loiic.-*/' I'ltiTslmin. 
 William Lucas, I'liarloslowii. 
 
 Willniighliy Nt'wtnn, Ilapue. 
 Lewis SIci'iirixl, Wlicelini;. 
 (icdiyi' W. Siiiiiiiifi's, Kanawha. 
 William Tavlor, l.fxiiij;toii. 
 Henry A. Wise,' Aecomae. 
 
 I'LOUIDA TKRKITOKV. 
 
 I)i;i,K<iATK. 
 
 I>aviil Levy,/ St. AuKUstine. 
 InWA ri'-KIMTtPltY. 
 
 DKI.IXHTK. 
 
 Aujjnstiis {'. Dodge, HurlinKton. 
 WISCONSIN- TKKKITOIIY. 
 
 DKl.KliATlC. 
 
 Ili'Miy Dodge, Dodgeville. 
 
 aElePtlon Hnsucoosstullv contcstcil by William L. Cioggln; resigned February IX, 1844. 
 
 hUiisiuceswfully conte.sU'd the eleetloii of Thimiius \V. Gilmer; subsequently elected upon the re»ignulii>n of Mr. (iilmer, 
 and l<Hik liis.wnt'DeeenilKr ■_>. 1,h44. 
 <• Chosen Spenkerpro lenipnro Februiiry ^8. lS4r>. 
 
 'IEleetii>n niisurics.sfully contLsleil by John M. Holts; elceled Speaker lleoember 4, 1843. 
 <■ ReslKUcd Fetinmry Ic*. 1S44. 
 /Klei'liou unsuccessfully contested. 
 
TWENTY-NINTH CONGRESS. 
 
 First urmtiov, frrmi Deremhri- I, 1S45, to Aiirpid 10, lfl4f>. Sccoiid scss/o?/, friDii Decemher 7, lff4'!, to March 
 
 ;S, 1847. 
 
 Vice-Preddent. — Ge(ik(ie M. Dallas, of Pennsylvania. President of the Sermli' pro trmpori'. — David R. 
 Atchlson, of Missouri, elected August 8, 184(). it'ecretanj of the Senate. — Asbuuy Dickins, of North 
 Carolina. 
 
 Speaker of the Uovxe. — John AV. Davis, nf Indiana. Clerk of the Jfottse. — Benmamin K. French, of 
 New Hainpshiri'. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 SEXATOHS. 
 
 Arthur 1'. Baghy, Tuscaloosa. Dixon II. ijcwis, Lowmloshoro. 
 
 HEI'RESENTATIVKS. 
 
 Franklin W. Bowdon," Talladega. George S. Ilou.ston, Athens. 
 
 Reuben Chapman, Warrenton. Felix G. McC'onnell, <' Talladega. 
 
 James L. K. Ccittrell,'' Ilayneville. William W. Bayne, (iainisviilc. 
 
 Kdniund S. Dargan, .Mobile. William L. Yancey, '^ Wctumpka. 
 Henry \V. Hillianl, Montgomery. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Chester .\shley, Little Rock. .^mlirose 11. Sevier, Lake I'ort. 
 
 HEI'RKSEXTATIVES. 
 
 Thomas \V, Newton.'' • Archibald Yell, ./ Fayetteville. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 .FalMV. \V. Huntington, Norwich. .b>hn Af. Niles, Hartford. 
 
 RKI'RESKN'l'ATIVES. 
 
 James Dixon, Hartfonl. John A. Rockwell, Norwich. 
 
 Samuel D. Hubbard, Middletowii. Truman Smith, Litchfield. 
 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John M. Clayton, New Castle. Thomas Clayton, New Castle. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 John W. Houston, Georgetown. 
 
 nElei'tol ii) \<\noe of Felix G. McConnell. deceased; took his seat December 7, 1846. 
 
 b ICIoi'tt'il ill pliico (if William L. Yancey, resigned; took his seat December 7, 1846. 
 
 i-llii-il Si'|>lcinblT 10, 1846. 
 
 'Uiesigiiuil in 1846. 
 
 c Eler-ted in place of Archibald Yell, resigned; took his seat Febrnary 0. \M1. 
 
 S Resigned in l.S4ri, having been appointed colonel in the army in Mexico. 
 
 H. Doc. 458 10 145 
 
14G 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 FLORIDA. 
 
 8ENATORH. 
 
 James D. \Ve»toott, jr.," Tallahassee. I>aviil Levy Yiilee," St. Aiieustine. 
 
 REPRESKXTATIVES. 
 
 E. Cariinvrtoii Cabell,'' Tallalia.^see. William II. Rrnokenliroiigh, 'Tallahassee. 
 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 SE.S.^TOHS. 
 
 John Mil'hersoii Berrien, Savannah. 
 
 KEPRE8ENTATI VES. 
 
 Howell Cobb, Athens. 
 Ilutrh .v. Haralson, Lagrange- 
 Seaborn .Junes, Colnnilms. 
 Thomas Butler Kinji, Kreilerica. 
 John H. Lumpkin, Home. 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Sitlney Breese, Carlisle. 
 
 KEPHESKNTA riVES. 
 
 Edward I>. Baker,/ Sprin<rfield. 
 Stephen A. lloMjjlas. ijuim y. 
 Orlando I>. Kioklin, Charleston. 
 John Henrv.'y 
 
 Walter T. Coli|nitt, Colunibns. 
 
 Wa^ihington Poe.'' 
 A. H. Stephens, Crawfonlsville. 
 Robert Toombs, WashinL'tnii. 
 George W. Towns,' Talbotlon. 
 
 James Semple, Alton. 
 
 Joseph r. Hngp, (ialena. 
 John A. McClernaiid, Shawneetown. 
 Robert Smith, I'pper Alton. 
 John Wentworth, Chicago. 
 
 TNT) I AX A. 
 
 Jesse P. Bright,'' Madis<)n. 
 
 SKXATOKS. 
 
 REPRE.SENTATIVES. 
 
 Charles W. Cathoart, Laporte. 
 John W. Davis,' Carlisle. 
 Thomas J. Henley, New Washington. 
 Andrew Kennedy, Mnncietown. 
 Edward W. MeGaiighey, Greeneastle. 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 SENATORS. J 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 S. Clinton Hastings,* Bloomington. 
 
 KENTl'CKY. 
 
 Kdward A, Hannegan, Covington. 
 
 Robert P. Owen, New Harmony. 
 John IVttit. Lafayette. 
 Caleb B. Smith, Connersville. 
 Thomas Smith, Versailles. 
 William W. Wick, Indianapolis. 
 
 Shepheril loftier,*' Bnrlington. 
 
 John J. Ciitlenden, I'Vanklorl. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES, 
 
 Joshua F. Bell, Danville. 
 
 Linn Hovd, Cadiz. 
 
 (iarrett I>avis, Paris. 
 
 Henry (irider. Bowling I iri'en. 
 
 John P. -Martin, Prestonburg, 
 
 .lames T. Morehead, Covington. 
 
 John H. Mellenrj-, Hartford. 
 Wm. !'. Thoma.-.-'on, 1/Ouisville. 
 John W. Tibbatt.-^, Newport. 
 •Viulrew Trnndio, < )wingsville. 
 Bryan H. Young, ElizalH-thtown. 
 
 aTook his sfiit Peceiiiber 1, 1S45. 
 
 ^ EU'ctiiin sui-ccs-ifully fontestcl by Willinni IT. Bn«-keiilintiiKti. 
 
 rSiiiiivdilly riiiitcMiMl ilir eli'itlon of K. ('iirriiiKt'in ('Hbcll; Iwik bis .scat JanimryLM. IfMti. 
 
 (IIti'>ik'IK-<l ill IM.'l. hllvillK lU'VtT lllkt'll tliSSl'tll. 
 
 ' Kb'li'i In plai'L' <>( \Vii.>liiiij;U>ii 1'<X'. rvsittiiisl; i.Kili bis sont .Inniiary 27, 1W6. 
 
 /Kcvik'lUsI rii'ci'mlKT HI), IH-lti. 
 
 v Elii i>i| In jiliici' "( F.dwnni P. IliikiT. ri'sigiusi; tisilj liis sent Febriiiiry .S, 1S47. 
 
 AT'Kii; Ills Mill DiciMllbiT -.'T. 1s4.i. 
 
 I Kl.i l.M SiK'iikcr DiTiinlKT 1, IM.'i. 
 
 JNo Si'iihiors triim lliu Ibcn ri'ffntly orKiiniziHl .Slate ol town toolt llielr seals in this Congress. 
 
 ArTtsik Ills M.iit December '."J, 1M6. 
 
TWENTY-NINTH CONGRESS. 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 147 
 
 Alexander Barrow," Baton Rouge. 
 Henrv Johnson, Xcw River. 
 
 J. II. Harnian.son, Simmsport. 
 Emile La Sere, '' New Orleans. 
 Isaac E. Morse, St. JIartinsville. 
 
 George Evans, (Tanliner. 
 
 llErKESENTATIVES. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Robert P. Dnnlap, Brunswick. 
 Hannibal llaniliii, Hampden. 
 John D. McCrate, Wiscasset. 
 Cullen Sawtelle, Norridgewock. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Revenly .Tnhnson, Baltimore. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES 
 
 John G. Chapman, Port Tobacco. 
 .\lbert Constable, Perryville. 
 William F. Giles, Baltimore. 
 
 Pierre Soule, '' New Orleans. 
 
 John Slidell,'' XewOrleans. 
 
 B. (i. Thibodeau.x, Thibodeaux. 
 
 John Fairfield, Saco, 
 
 John F. Scammon, Saco. 
 Luther Severance, Augusta. 
 Hezekiah Williams, Castine. 
 
 James Alfred I'earce, Chestertown. 
 
 Thomas W. Lifjon, KUicotts .Mills. 
 Edward II. Long, Princess Anne. 
 Thomas Perry, Cumberland. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Isaac C. Bates. '' 
 
 John Davis, / Worcester. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Amos .\l)bott, .-Vndover. 
 John Quiiicy .Vdaiiis, (^uincy. 
 George ,\shniim, S]iringfield. 
 Joseph tirinnell. New Bedford. 
 Artemas Ilale.f/ Bridgewater. 
 
 Lewis Cass, Detroit. 
 
 John S. Cliipman, Centerville. 
 James B. Hunt, I'ontiao. 
 
 MICHIGAN. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 Daniel Webster, Bost( 
 
 Charles Hudson, Westminster. 
 Daniel P. King, South Danvers. 
 Julius Rockwell, Pittslield. 
 Benj. Thompson, Charlestown. 
 Robert C. Winthrop, Boston. 
 
 William Woodliridgc, I>ctrnit. 
 Robert McClelland, Mniinie. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Joseph AV. Chalmers,'' Holly Spring. 
 Jesse Speight, Plymouth. 
 
 REPRESENT.YTIVES. 
 
 Stephen Adams, Aberdeen. 
 Jefferson Davis, J Warrenton. 
 Henry T. Ellett.* 
 
 RoljertJ. Walker,' .Alailisonvillc. 
 
 Rol>ert W. Roberts, Ilillsboro. 
 Jacob Tliomiison, Oxford. 
 
 o Died December 29, ISJi;. 
 
 6 Eleeted in place of .\lexnn(ier Barrow, deceased; took hi.? sent Februnrv 3, 1847. 
 
 "•Elected in jilace of John Slidell, resigned; took his sent Jannary 29, 1846. 
 
 ''Re-signed in 1S45. 
 
 <■ Died March 16, 1845. 
 
 /Elected in place of Tsime C. Bates, deceased March li;, 184.'); took his seat December 1, 1,S4.') 
 
 i/To..k his seat licieMlli.r 7, 1.84(>. 
 
 'I Appciintcd in i.laieof Kohcrt J. Walker, resigned; took his seat December 1, 1.S4.5; subsetiuentlv elected by the legislatnre 
 
 ' Resigned JIarcli o, 1845; appointed Secretary of the Treasnry. 
 
 J Resigned in 1846, 
 
 SKlected in place of Jefferson Davis, resigned; took his seat January 26, 1.847. 
 
148 
 
 OONGRKSSIONAI. 1)1 KKCToKY. 
 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 SENATOliS. 
 
 Itavi.l T{. Atcliison." Platlo City. Thomas H. Benton, St. r.oiiin. 
 
 \{KPRt->KST\T[VKS. 
 
 Jamas R. Hi)\vlin, St. Louis, 
 William McDaiiiel,'' Palinvia. 
 John S. Phelps, S])riiijrli('l(l. 
 
 Charle.« ( ». Athertoii, Na.«hua. 
 Joseph Cilley,'' Nottiii);ham. 
 
 Jaiiie.s II. Joliiison, Bath. 
 Maie Moiiltoii, Manchester. 
 
 Sterlinj; Price, <" Keytersville. 
 James 11. Relfe, Caledonia. 
 Leonard II. Sims, SprinKtiel<l. 
 
 XKW n \Mi'snii;i': 
 
 SKN \l'olt.s. 
 
 Benniiij; \V. Jenness, ' Strafford. 
 Levi Woodhiirv, .'■ Portsmouth. 
 
 HKl'HF>iKXTATIVKS. 
 
 Closes Norris. jr., I'itl.-^lieM 
 
 NKW .IKKSKY. 
 
 William 1,. I>ayt<>n, Trenton. 
 
 Joseph E. Kdsall, Hanilmr};. 
 James (i. llam]>lon, I5ridi;eton. 
 John Rnnk, Kingwood. 
 
 SKNATOUS. 
 
 liK.rUKSKSTATIVKS. 
 
 >rFW YORK. 
 
 Jaeoli W. Miller, Morrislown. 
 
 George Sykes, Moimt Holly. 
 William Wright, Newark. 
 
 SKNATOUS. 
 
 Daniel S. Hickinsoii, liinghamtmi. 
 
 John A. I)ix, .Mbanv. 
 
 I!KI'RK.SKNTATI V KS. 
 
 Jos. II. .\nders(in, White Plains. 
 Charles.^. IJenton, Mohawk. 
 William W. Cam|ilK'll, New York. 
 ('. II. Carroll, (iroveland Center. 
 John F. Collin, Hillsdale. 
 Kra.stus 1). Cnlver, (ireenwieh. 
 Samuel S. Ellsworth, Penn Yan. 
 Charles ( ioodyear. Schoharie. 
 Samuel I ionlon, Oelhi. 
 Martin (irovi'r, .\ngelica, 
 Richard P. llerrick,!/ (ireenhush. 
 Elias B. Holmes, Brockport. 
 William .1. Hough, Cazenovia. 
 Orville Ilungerford, Watertown. 
 Washington Hunt, Lockjiort. 
 Timothy Jenkins, Onei<la Ca.stle. 
 Preston King. Ogdeiishurg. 
 John W. Lawrence, riushing. 
 
 Abner Ix-wis, Panama. 
 William H. Madav. New York. 
 AVilliam S. Miller," New York. 
 William A. Moselev, Buffalo. 
 John De .Mott, Lod"i. 
 Archibald C. Niven, Montieello. 
 (ieorge Hathbun, .\uburn. 
 Thomas C. Ripley. '' Schaghticoke. 
 Jose|)h Kussell, \\'arri'nsburg. 
 Henry J. Seaman. Richmond. 
 Albert Smith, Batavia. 
 Stephen Strong, dwego. 
 Horace Whcatoii, Pomi)ey. 
 Hugh White, Cohoes. 
 Bradford R. Wood, Albany. 
 Thomas M. Woodruff, New York. 
 AVm. W. Wooihvorth, Hvile Park. 
 
 NORTH CAR()L1N.\. 
 
 SKNATOUS. 
 
 George E. Badger, ' Raleigh. 
 William II. Haywood,.; Raleigh. 
 
 Daniel M. Barringer, Concord. 
 As;i Biggs, Williamston. 
 Henrv S. Clarke, Washington. 
 JohnR. J. Daniel, Halifax. 
 Jame.s C. Dobbin, Favctteville. 
 
 Willie P. Mangum. Red Mountain. 
 
 UKPUESENTATIVES. 
 
 .MfRNi Dockery, Dockerys Store. 
 James (iraham, Rutherfonlton. 
 James J. McKav, Eli/.aU-thtown. 
 David S. Reid, heidsvill.-. 
 
 n ElectcHl Presldont iiro temiMiro August «. 184G. 
 
 '' Klfctfd III pitu'f oi storlifiK I'rlce, resfjfiiod; to<>k tils sent r>peonilK»r 7, Is-liJ 
 
 "■KcsiKllcil ill lH|f,. 
 
 ''Klicici in pliH ( I.<'Vl WiKKlbury. rcsiitiifl. H 
 
 .IlIlK' ■-'■J. IKH'i 
 
 trniiiiiK W. .li>nnos.>4 Imvinf; Ihmm) iipjMiiiUi'M ptn icnifMirf. took hispcat 
 lino sz. I'vH'. 
 
 <- ApiMiint<-il in pltice of l.,€'Vl \V»MMUiiiry. rosipnod; t«M>k lii.'' sent I>ecfiiilK'r 1. I.Mft. 
 / Kc-^lifiu'il NovcnilitT 'JO.IMS. InivinK tifoii nppoiiilcd to ilu* Siipn'ine Court of tin* I'nil 
 BDicil .liinc.Hi. IMR, 
 I' KltiliHl in pliiii' of Kiclinnl 1". Hcrrlrk. <lecon.«i'(l: look liis sent Pvoomlior 7. IMti. 
 
 ' Kli'itcil In pliii f Willliim II. HiivwoimI. rt'slKni'd; lixik his wnt DivcmlMT !■(. IM 
 
 J Ki-slKlipil July ■>■•>. IMC. 
 
 nllcil Stati-^. 
 
TWENTY -NINTH CONGKESS. 
 
 149 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 SEN'ATOKS. 
 
 William Allen, Chillicdthe. 
 
 Thomas Corwin, LeUaiioii. 
 
 BEPKESENTATIVES. 
 
 Jacob Brinkerhoff, Manslield. 
 J. D. Cummins, New Philadelphia. 
 F. A. Cunningham, Eaton. 
 ColumVjus Delano, Mount X'ernon. 
 James J. Faran, Cincinnati. 
 George Fries, Hanoverton. 
 Joshua R. Giddings, Jefferson. 
 Alexander Harper, Zanesville. 
 Joseph J. McDowell, Hillsboro. 
 Joseph Morris, Woodsfield. 
 Isaac Parrish, Parrishs IMills. 
 
 Augu-stus L. Perrill, Litlmpolis. 
 Joseph M. Boot, Norwalk. 
 William Sawyer, St. Marys. 
 Robert C. Schenck, Dayton. 
 Henry St. John, McCutchcnville 
 D. A. Starkweather, Canton. 
 Allen G. Thurman, ChiUicothe. 
 Daniel R. Tilden, Ravenna. 
 Joseph Yance, Frbana. 
 Samuel F. Vinton, Gallipolis. 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 James Buchanan," Lancaster. 
 Simon Cameron,'' Miililletown. 
 
 SEN.VTOKS. 
 
 Daniel Sturgeon, Uniontown. 
 
 KEl'KESENT.Vri\'ES. 
 
 James Black, Newport. 
 John Blanchard, Bellefonte. 
 Richard Brodhead, Easton. 
 Joseph Buffington, Kittanning. 
 John H. Campbell, Philadelphia. 
 Cornelius Darragh, Pittsburg. 
 Jacolj Erdman, Coopersburg. 
 John H. Ewing, Washington. 
 Henry D. Foster, Greensburg. 
 William S. Garvin, Mercer. 
 Charles J. IngersoU, I'liiladelphia. 
 Joseph R. IngersoU, Philadelphia. 
 
 Owen D. Leib, Catawissa. 
 Lewis C. Levin, Philadeljihia. 
 Moses McClean, Gettysliurg. 
 A. R. JMcIlvaine, Brandywine. 
 James Pollock, Milton. 
 Alexander Ramsey, Harrisburg. 
 John Ritter, Reading. 
 Andrew Stewart, L^niontown. 
 Jolin Strohm, New Providence. 
 James Thompson, Erie. 
 David Wilmot, Towanda. 
 Jacob S. Yost, Pottstown. 
 
 Albert C. (xreene, Providence. 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 SEN.VTOHS. 
 
 James F. Simmons, Providence. 
 
 KEl'KESE.N'IATI V ES. 
 
 Lemuel H. Arnold, Wakefield. Henry Y. Cranston, Newport. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 Andrew P. Butler, '' Edgefield. 
 John C. Calhoun, rf Pendleton. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Daniel E. Huger. 
 George ilcDuffie, 
 
 /Clicrrv Hill. 
 
 KEPRESE.NTATIVES. 
 
 James A. Black, Cherokee Iron Works. 
 Armistead Burt, Wilmington. 
 Isaac E. Holmes, Charleston. 
 R. Barnwell Rhett, Ashepoo. 
 
 Richard F. Simpson, Pendleton. 
 Alexander D. Sims, Darlington. 
 Joseph A. Woodward, \\'innsboro. 
 
 Spencer Jarnagin, Athens. 
 
 Milton Brown, Jackson. 
 Lucien B. Chase, Clarkesville. 
 William M'. Cooke, Rutledge. 
 John H. Crozier, Knoxville. 
 Alvan Culloni, Livingston. 
 Edward H. Ewing, Nashville. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Hopkins L. Turney, Winchester. 
 
 REI'RESE.VTATIVES. 
 
 Meredith P. Gentry, Franklin. 
 Andrew Johnson, l ireenville. 
 George W. Jones, Fayetteville. 
 Barclay Martin, Columbia. 
 Frederick P. Stanton, .Memphis. 
 
 ir Re.xiKlled Miui-h 5. 184.5. 
 
 ''ElfctiTl in pliire of .Iiimcs Blichrtilall, re.sigiiert; took his seat March 17, 184.5. 
 
 f Ek'ctL'tl ill ]ihice of George McDiiffie, resigned; took his seat December 21 1840 
 
 rf Elected in place of Daniel E. Huger, resigned in 1845; took his seat December 22, 184,5. 
 
 c Resigned in 1845. 
 
 / Resigned January 17, 1846. 
 
150 CONOEKSSIONAL DIKKCTORY. 
 
 TKXAS. 
 
 SKNATOKS. 
 
 SiiMiiul I lipiifitdn," UaviMi Hill. Tliomns .1. Rusk, '' NaooBdoclies. 
 
 UEI'HKSKNTATlVhM. 
 
 Daviil S. K:mliii:in,' I,ii\m>s Kriry. Tiiiintliy I'illslmiv,'' liraxuria. 
 
 VKKMONT. 
 
 KKXATOKS. 
 
 Saiinii'l S. I'lu'lps, .Miilillclniiy. \\'illiaiii rpliam, Mnuipi-liiT. 
 
 KKl-KKSKXTATIVKS. 
 
 Jacnl) CollainiT, Winxlstiick. Solonion Kixit, Htitland. 
 
 Taiil lliUiiigliaiii, j.., Waterbury. George 1'. Marsh, I!urliii«ti«ii. 
 
 VIIKilNIA. 
 
 SKXATiiHs. 
 
 William 8. Arclicr, Lodnre. Isaac S. IVmiyliarUiT, ,'' New Market. 
 
 Jaiiii's M. Ma.-iiiii,' Winchester. 
 
 UEI'KE.SKXTATIVK.S. 
 
 ArcliihaM Atkinson, PmithfieM. Kuhert M. T. llnntor, l.lny.ls. 
 
 Thniiuis II. l'.ayU'\. Aci ai-. ,liisi'i)h .Inhnsim, lirid^ri'iMirt. 
 
 Henry liediniifr, ( liarlcstciwn. Sheltnn K. I.eake. Charhittesville. 
 
 William C. Hnuvn, Kin;.'\viMid. James M( I)ii\vell,r/ lA'xinjrtun. 
 
 Anf.'nstns A. Chapman, TnicMi. .John .^. Pendleton, Cnlpeiier. 
 
 (u'orKeC. Dromtioole, Snmmit. ,I;imes .\. Seddon. Kiehmond. 
 
 (ieorvreW. Hojikin-s, .Miin-riloii. William Taylor,'' l.exinu'ton. 
 
 I'.dmuinl W. Huliard, C'nrdsville. William M. Tredwiiy, I>;inville. 
 
 IOWA TKUIMTiiKY. 
 
 DKl.EliATK. 
 
 Augtistu.s ('. T)(id>;e, Hinliii);ton. 
 
 WISC'OXSI.X TKKH1T( tKY. 
 
 i>i;r.i;iiATK. 
 
 M.pn.'an L. JIartin, Cireeii Bay. 
 
 «Ti>()k hLs si'iit Mnrch 30. 1M6. . 
 
 I'Twik hlasent >tiircl> 26, 1M«. 
 
 cTfMik his Ki'ut Jiini- 1, lS4fi. 
 
 rfTcKik his si'ftt June 10. IMi',. 
 
 r \•^K•v\^•\\ ill plrtoe of Isimc ,'*. IVniiybiickor, di*ft'«>fd; t<Htk his >oiit .laniiary 2.'>. 1H47 
 
 .n)ii'il .laliimrv 12, ISJT. 
 
 Elei leil in i>l«ci' of William Taylor, deceased; took his seal Marcli fi, 1M8. 
 
 l< Uiiil Juiuiary 17. IMii. 
 
THIRTIETH CONGRESS. 
 
 Fimt xesniiiii, fnim December 6, 1S4 
 
 August 14, 1S4S. 
 March 3, 1S49. 
 
 Seroiid session, froiii Deremher 4, 1S4S In 
 
 Vice-President. — GEOKfiE JI. Dallas, of Pennsylvania. President oftlic Senate pro tempore. — David R. 
 Axcnisox, of ^Missouri. Secretary of the Senate. — Asbiry Dickens, of North Carolina. 
 
 Speaker of the House. — Robert C Winthrop, of Massachusetts. Speaker of the House pro tempore. — 
 Armlsted Bi-rt, of South Carolina. Clerks of the House. — Ben.iamin B. French, of New Hampshire; 
 Thomas Jefferson Campbell, of Tennessee, elected December 7, 1847. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Arthur P. Bagby," Tuscaloosa. 
 Benjamin Fitzpatrick, '' Wetumpka. 
 
 William R. King, ■-' vSelma. 
 Dixon H. Lewis,'' Benton. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Franklin \V. Bowdon, Talladega. 
 Williamson R. W. Cobb, Bellefonte. 
 John Gayle, Mobile. 
 Sampson W. Harris, Wetumpka. 
 
 Henry W. Hilliard, Montgomery. 
 George S. Houston, Athens. 
 Samuel W. Inge, Livingston. 
 
 Chester Ashlev, < Little Kock. 
 Solon Borland" .f Little Ruck. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 William K. Sebastian,? Helena. 
 Ambrose H. Sevier,* Pine Bluff. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Robert W. Johnson, Little Rock. 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Roger S. Baldwin, i New Haven. 
 Jaliez W. Huntington. .; 
 
 Joliu :\r. Nile-s Hartford. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 James Dixon, Hartford. 
 
 Samuel D. Hubbard, Middletown. 
 
 John A. Rockwell, Norwich. 
 Truman Smith, Litchfield. 
 
 a Resigned .Tune 16. 1848. 
 
 b Appuinted in place o( Dixon H. Lewis. decea.sed; took his seat December 11, 1848. 
 
 r ApiMiinted in plnoc of Arthur P. Bagby, resigned: took his seat July 13, 1848: subsenneutlv elected hv the lefrislatnre. 
 
 ((Died (utoluT L'.".. 1S4S. . ^ 
 
 <■ Died April -J'.l. 1N48. 
 
 .f Ai>)i"iiited in place of .Ambrose H. Sevier, resigned: took his seat April 24. 1848; subsequently elected bv the legislature. 
 
 <i .\p|ioint.'cl in ]>lnce of Chester Ashley, deceased; took his seat May 31, 1848. 
 
 'i l:csii;iu-d Miinai I.S, 1848. 
 
 I .\ppointed in place of Jabez W. Huntington, deceased November 2, 1847: took his seat December 7, 1847. 
 
 j Died November 2, 1847. 
 
 151 
 
152 
 
 CONORESSIDNAI, DIKKCTORY. 
 DKLAWAKK. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John M. Clayton," Xewcastle. 
 Presley Spruance, Smyrna. 
 
 .Iiiliii Wale.-,'' Wilniinntim. 
 
 UKrHK.SKNTATIVK. 
 
 JdIiii W. llimston, Heornetown. 
 l-l.()lill).\. 
 
 SKX.VTOHS. 
 
 .lohn ]). Woiitcott, jr., Tallahassee. Haviil I.. Yuk-e, St. Auniistine. 
 
 REriiESENT.^TIVE. 
 
 E. Carriiigton Cabell, Tallaha.f.«ee. 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 J. ^rcPher.-ion Berrien, Savainiah. 
 Walter T. CoUjuitt, «' Columbus. 
 
 Ilowoll Colli), .\thens. 
 Ilunh .\. Haralson, l.,af;ran(;e. 
 Alfred Ivei-son, Columbus. 
 John \V. Jones, Gritlin. 
 
 REPRESENT ATI V ES. 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 Herschell V. Johnson,'' Milletlpeville. 
 
 Thomas Kntler Kinj;, Frederiea. 
 John 11. l.iiiii|ikin. Home. 
 A. II. Stephens, Cra« tnrdsville. 
 Bohert Toombs, \Vasliini;ton. 
 
 SEXATOUS. 
 
 Sidney Broese, Carlvle. 
 
 liKPlth^SEyTATlVKS. 
 
 Orlando H, Kicklin, Charleston. 
 Aljraham Lincoln, Siirinjilield. 
 J. A. McClernanil, Shawneetown. 
 WTlliam A. Uichardson, Knshville. 
 
 Stephen .\. l)ouj»las, Quincy. 
 
 Hobert Smith, .Alton. 
 Thomas J. Turner, Free|Hirt. 
 John Wentworth, Chicago. 
 
 Jesse D. Bri^rht, Madison. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 llKrUl->-KNrATlVES. 
 
 Charles W. Catluarl, l.aporte. 
 Geors;e(i. l>unn, Beillonl. 
 Klisha l'".inbree, Princeton. 
 Thomas J. Ileidey, New Washington. 
 John Pettit, Lafayette. 
 
 Kdward .\. Ilaniici.'an, Covington. 
 
 John L. Kohinson, Ru.Hhville. 
 William Koekhill, Fort Wavne. 
 Caleb 1!. Smith, Cnunersville. 
 Richard W. Thompson, Terre Haute. 
 William W. Wick, Indianapolis. 
 
 low A. 
 
 SKXATOR-S. 
 
 Augustus C. l)odge,' linrlinglon. 
 
 KKI-KKSENTATIVKS. 
 
 Shepherd Leiller, Iturlington. 
 
 • JeorgeW. Jones,' l>ubu<|Ue 
 William Thoui|ison, Mount Pleasant. 
 
 oRoslKncrt Fcbruiir)', IH-I*. 
 
 l> Eli'iltil In plnro of John M. Cliivton, redded; took lll^ sunt Filinmr.v 28, 1849. 
 
 ••Ki-olKiu'il In ists. 
 
 ''Appciliilitl In i.liiii'ot WiiltcrT. Colquitt, rcnlgniil; took lilsM-at Ffbnmry H, IMS. 
 
 ■■Tiiok hl»»i>al bitumlKT M, IM». 
 
THIRTIETH CONGRESS. 
 
 153 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John J. Crittenden," Frankfort. 
 Tliomas Jletcalfe, I' Foret^t Retreat. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Green Adams, Barboursville. 
 Linn Boyd, Cadiz. 
 Aylett Bnckner, (ireenshnr};. 
 Beverly L. Clarke, Franklin. 
 Garnett Duncan, Louisville. 
 
 Solomon W. Downs, Monroe. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 KEl'UESENTATIVES. 
 
 John H. Harmanson, Sinnns|i(irf. 
 Emile La Sere, New Orleans. 
 
 James "W. Bradlmry, Augusta. 
 Hannilial Ilandin,'' Hampden. 
 
 JLVJXK 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Hiram Belcher. Farmingtfin. 
 Asa "\V. H. Clapji, Portland. 
 Franklin Clark, \Visca.sset. 
 ]»aviil Hammons, Lovell. 
 
 Keverdy J<jhnson, Baltimore. 
 
 REPRESENT.VTIVES. 
 
 JIARYLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 liEl'RESE^'TATIVES. 
 
 Jf>lin O. Chapman, Port Tobacco. 
 John W. Cristield, Princess Anne. 
 Alexander Evans, Elkton. 
 
 Joseph R. Underwood, Bowlini; <ireen. 
 
 Richard French, Mf)nnt Sterling. 
 John P. Gaines, Walton. 
 Charles S. Morehead, Frankfort. 
 Samuel O. Peyton, Hartford. 
 John B. Thompson, llarrodsburg. 
 
 Henrv Johnson, New River. 
 
 Isaac E. Morse, St. ^iartinsvillc. 
 Bannon G. Thiljodcaux, Thibodeanx. 
 
 John Fairfield,'' Saco. 
 AVyman B. S. Moor, " Bangijr. 
 
 Ephraim K. Smart, Camden. 
 James S. Wiley, I)o\er. 
 Hezekiah Williams, Castine. 
 
 James A. Pearee, Chestertowu. 
 
 Thomas W. Ligon, Elkton. 
 Robert M. JIcLane, Baltimore. 
 J. Dixon Roman, Hagerstown. 
 
 .MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 John Davis, AVorcester. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Amoss Abbott, Andover. 
 John Quincy Adams, ./' Quincy. 
 George Ashmun, Springfield. 
 Joseph Grinnell, New Bedford. 
 Artemas Hale, Bridgewater. 
 Charles Hudson, Westminster. 
 
 Daniel Webster, Boston. 
 
 Daniel P. King, South Danvers. 
 Horace Mann,W West Newton. 
 John G. Palfrey, Cambrirlge. 
 Juliiw Rockwell, Pittsfield. 
 RoVjert C. Winthrop,* Boston. 
 
 MICHIGAN. 
 
 Lewis Cass, ' Detroit. 
 Alpheus Feleh, Ann Harbor. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Kinsley S. Bingham, Kensington. 
 Robert McClelland, Monroe. 
 
 Thomas Fitzgerald,.' St. Jo.«eph. 
 
 Charles E. Stuart, Kalan 
 
 " Re-signed in 1848. 
 
 (> Appointed in place of John J. Crittenden, resigned; took his .seat July 3, l.'MS; subsequently elected liy the legislature. 
 ^ '• Elected in placeof John Falrlield, deceased, Wyman B,. S. lloor having been appointed pro tempore; took his seat June 
 12, 1848. 
 
 ■'Died December 24, 1847, 
 
 (■Appointed in place of John Fairfield, deceased; took hi.s seat January 17, 1848. 
 
 /Died in the Speaker's room at the Capitol, February 23, 1X48, 
 
 a Elected in place of John Quincy Adams, deceased;'took his ,seat April 13, 1848, 
 
 '■ Klcctc.l SpcakiT Ucc.-niber i;, LS47. 
 
 I Rcsif^'ncd .Miiy 2'.t, Isis; siibsciuently elected to fill the vacancy occasioncfl by his own resignation, Tlnjnias Fitzgerald 
 havini,' l«cn M|ipc.ii]tcd pro tempore; took his seat March .'i, l.s4',t. 
 
 J Api)Ointed in place of Lewis Cass, resigned; took his scut June 20, 1848. 
 
154 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL UIRKCTORY. 
 MISSI.SSIPPI. 
 
 SEXATOIIS. 
 
 Jcxsf S|n-iKlit." 
 
 Jefferson llavie, '• Warrfiitoii. 
 
 HKPHESKXTATIVKS. 
 
 Albert (i. Brown, Gallatin. 
 Winlield S. Feathercton, Houston. 
 
 Ilenrv S. Koote, Jackson. 
 
 Jacob Thouiiison, Oxfonl. 
 Patrick \V. ToMi]ikins, Vicksburg. 
 
 MIS.SUIH1. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Havi.l U. Atcliis ■ I'lallc City. Tlionias II. Henton, St. I^uU. 
 
 H K I'K F>KXT All V K.*. 
 
 James B. Bowlin, ."^t. Louis. 
 JaiiH's S, (irecn, Monticello. 
 Willanl 1>. Hall, St. Jot-ei)!). 
 
 .lolin .laiiie.son, Fulton. 
 .Inlin S. I'heli>s, Siirinplield. 
 
 NEW UA.MI'SlllKK. 
 
 Chariest;. Allu'rtnn, Naslnia. .lolin I'. Ilali'. I>over. 
 
 H Kl'IlKSE.NT ATI V Es. 
 
 .lauics 11. Jolm.sun, Bath. 
 Charles H. Feaslee, Ct>ncor<l. 
 
 Amos Tuck; Exeter. 
 James Wilson, Keene. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SKXATOH.S. 
 
 AVilliani T.. Paylon, Trenton. Jacoli W. MilK-r. Morristown. 
 
 l(i:i'KE.sKNTATIVK.S. 
 
 Joseph E. E<l.sall, Ilaniburji. 
 Dudley S. t;ri'p>ry. Jersey City. 
 James G. ]lauii>tiiM, Bridgeton. 
 
 William A. Xewell. Allenlown. 
 .lohn Van Dvke. New Brnnswirk. 
 
 NEW" YORK. 
 
 SKXATOHS. 
 
 Daniel S. Dickinson, Bin^'hamton. 
 
 UKeilRsKNTATIVK.s. 
 
 .\usburn Birdsall, Binphamton. 
 Esbon Blackmar,'' Newark. 
 William Collins, Lowville. 
 Ilarnioii .'^. Conner, Courtliind. 
 William I>ner, ( )swei;o. 
 Daniel liott, I'ompey. 
 Horace (ireelev, ' New York. 
 Nathan K. Hall, Buffalo. 
 John M. Holley,.' Lyons. 
 Elias B. Holmes, Brockport. 
 Washington Hunt. Locki>ort. 
 havid S. .lacksoM,!' New York. 
 Timothy .lenkins, Oneida Castle. 
 Orlando Kello;;};, Elizabethtown. 
 Sidney Ijiwrence, Moini. 
 William T. Lawrence, Cayutaville. 
 Frederick W. Lord, (ireenport. 
 William B. Maclay, New \ork. 
 
 .loliM .\. Dix. Albany. 
 
 Dudley Marvin, Ripley. 
 Jo.sejih Mnllin, Watertown. 
 Ilenrv C. Murphv, Brooklvn. 
 WilliAm Nelson, i'eekskill." 
 Henry Nicoll, Ni'W York, 
 (ieorsie I'etrie, Little Falls. 
 Harvey I'utnain, Attica, 
 (iideon Reynolds, Hoosick. 
 Robert L. Rose, .Miens Hill. 
 Daviil Runisey, jr.. Bath. 
 Eliakim Sherrill. Shandaken. 
 John I. Slin!.'erland. Bitlilehem. 
 (;. A. Starkweather, Coopi'i>town. 
 Uaniel B. St. .lohn. Monliiello. 
 I'eter H. Sylvester, Coxsackie. 
 Frederick .\. Tallluall^;e, New York. 
 Cornelius Warren, Cold Spriuj». 
 Hugh White, Cohoes. 
 
 nk his wal Iti'ceintHT (i. \M~: (*ii)i?K'<iui'ntly rkK'ted \.y tlit» 
 
 ■iliitil Miiy 1. \M-. 
 
 I' \\<\>»iMvi\ ill place of Je»r .Speight, decciuK-<l, in 1M7 
 It'jri.Mitnirc. 
 r rn'>«I«l»'iu pro tciniHire. ' 
 
 ''El«<ti'<l In pliui' cit .Iiilin M. Ilnllt'V. deceiused ; look Ms friit liei-unil)iT 4. IWi*. 
 
 r Elecie<l ill ulhci* of Iiuvi<i S. .Itu-kimii, whn»4c Ki'iit wo.** derliireil vacant; tuok liln M*at liecenilH.T 4, 1M8. 
 /Will Man h x. IMk, 
 i/Seat (•iiiite''ted by James Moiirt*e, ami »U'rlareil varum .Vpril PJ, l.MH. 
 
THIRTIETH CONGRESS. 
 
 155 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 George E. Badger, Raleigh. 
 
 Daniel M. Barringer, Conconl. 
 Nathaniel Boyden, Salisljury. 
 Thomas L. Clingman, Asheville. 
 John R. J. Daniel, Halifax. 
 Riehaid S. Donnell, Newbern. 
 
 SEN.\TOK.S. 
 
 KKPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Willie P. Manguiu, Red .Mountain. 
 
 James J. McKay, Elizal)etlitn\vn. 
 David Outlaw, Windsor. 
 Augustine H. Shepperd, Salem. 
 Abraham W. A'euable, Brownsville 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 William Allen, C'hillicothe. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 liEl'KESEXTATIVES 
 
 Riehard S. Canby, Bellefontaine. 
 
 John Crowell, Warren. 
 
 John D. Cummins, North I'liiladelphia. 
 
 Rudolphus Dickinson, Lower Sandusky. 
 
 Daniel Duncan, Newark. 
 
 Thomas 0. Edwards, Lancaster. 
 
 Nathan Evans, Cambridge. 
 
 James J. Faran, Cincinnati. 
 
 David Fisher, Wilmington. 
 
 George Fries, Hanoverton. 
 
 Joshua R. Giddings, Jefferson. 
 
 Thomas Corwin, I..el)anon. 
 
 William Kennon, jr., St. ('lain 
 Samuel Lahm, Canton. 
 John K. jMiller, Mount Vernni 
 Jonathan D. Morris, Batavia. 
 Thomas Ritchie, Somerset. 
 Joseph M. Root, Norwalk. 
 William Sawyer, St. ^larys. 
 Roliert C. Schenck, Dayton. 
 John L. Taylor, Chillicothe. 
 Samuel F. Vinton, Gallipolis. 
 
 ville 
 
 I'EXNSYLVANIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Simon Cameron, Middletciwn. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John Blanchard, Belletonte. 
 Jasper 1\. Brady, Chambersburg. 
 Samuel A. Bridges," Allentown. 
 Riehard Brodhead, Easton. 
 Charles Brown, Philadel|ihia. 
 Chester Butler, Wilkesljari-e. 
 John Dickey, Beaver. 
 George N. Eckert, Pottsville. 
 ,Tolin \V. Farrelly, Meadville. 
 John Freedley, Norristown. 
 Moses Hampton, Pittsburg. 
 John W. Hornbeck,'' Allentown. 
 Charles J. Ingersoll, Philadelphia. 
 
 Daniel Sturgeon, Uniontown. 
 
 Joseph K. Ingensoll, Philadeljihia. 
 Alexander Irvin, Clearfield. 
 Lewis C. Levin, Plulailel[phia. 
 Job Mann. Bedford. 
 A. R. Mcllvaine, Brandywine. 
 Henry Ne.ss, York. 
 James Pollock, Milton. 
 Andrew Stewart, Uniontown. 
 .lohn Strohm, North Providence. 
 William Strong, Reading. 
 James Thompson, Erie. 
 David A\'ilniot, Towanda. 
 
 John 11. Clarke, Providenc 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REI'UESENTATIVES. 
 
 Roliert B. Cranston, Newport. 
 
 Albert C. Greene, Providence. 
 Benjamin B. Thurston, llopkinton. 
 
 SOtTTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Anilrew P. Butler, Edgefield 
 
 John C. Calhoun, PeniUeton. 
 
 H EPRESENT ATI VES. 
 
 Jas. A. Black, <■ Cherkee Iron Works. 
 Armistead Burt, Willington. 
 Lsaac E. Holmes, Charleston. 
 John McQueen, f' Bennettsville. 
 R. Barnwell Rhett, Ashepoo. 
 
 Richard F. Simpson, Pendleton. 
 A. D. Sims, ' Darlington. 
 Daniel Wallace, .'' Union. 
 Jos. A. Woodward, Winnsboro. 
 
 "Elected in place of John ^V. Hornbeck, deceasetl: took his seat March 6. 1848. 
 bDied Jannarv IH, 184!<. 
 (•Died Xpril 3. 1848, 
 
 . place of Alexander D. Sims, deceased; took his seat February 12, 1849. 
 
 (•Died .i^pnl 3. 184( 
 ((Elected in place 
 
 "Died November 16, 184.S. 
 
 .f Elected in place of James A. Black, deceased; took his seat June Pi, 1848. 
 
156 
 
 CUNOKKSSKINA L 1)1 RECTORY . 
 TEXNKSSKK. 
 
 8ENAT<>lt.s. 
 
 John Bell, \;islivillo 
 
 KKPHElSKNTATlVh--^. 
 
 Washington Harrow, Xuuhville. 
 Lucien U. C'liase, Clarksville. 
 William M. Cocke, Hutlcdm'. 
 John II. t'rozicr, Knoxvillc. 
 Mert'ili'th P. (icntrv, Franklin. 
 William T. Ila.-kcll", Jackson. 
 
 Annuel Ilonston, Kaven Hill. 
 
 I'aviil .'^. Kaiifiiiaii, ."^aliirH'town. 
 
 Samiicl S. I'lielps, Middlclmry. 
 
 Jacob CoUanier, Woodstock. 
 William Henry, Bello\v.>i Kails 
 
 Robert M. T. Hunter, Lloyds. 
 
 TKX.\.<. 
 
 SEX.\TOH.S. 
 
 ItKI'IiK.sKNTATlVh^. 
 
 VF.KMdNT. 
 
 SKNATOHS. 
 UKPKEflKXTATl V KS. 
 
 . VIKtilNI.V. 
 
 .SEN.\T<)U.S. 
 
 KKl'KtaiE.STA II V ES. 
 
 Archibald Atkinson, SniithfieM. 
 Thomas H. Bavlv, Accomac. 
 Richard L. T. Bealc, llajrue. 
 Henry Bedin^'er. Charlestown. 
 Thos. S. Hocock, .\]iiH>mattox. 
 John M. Botts, Richmond. 
 AVilliam (t. Brown, Kin^wood. 
 Thomas S. Flournoy, Halifax. 
 
 WISCONSIN." 
 
 SENATOIIS. 
 
 Henry Dod;.'e,'' Uoil^eville. 
 
 KErKESENTAriVlCS. 
 
 Ma-^on (.'. Darling,'^ Fond du Lac. 
 
 Hopkins L. Turney, Winchester. 
 
 Hiijih L. W. Hill, Irviiiv'l'olleKe. 
 Andrew Johnson, lireenville. 
 CJeor>re W. Jones, Fayetteville. 
 Frederick I'. Stanton, Memphis. 
 James 11. Thomas, Columbia. 
 
 Thomas J. Rusk, Nacogdoches. 
 Timothy I'illsbury, Brazoria. 
 
 William r])liam, Montpelier. 
 
 (reorjie 1'. Marsh, Burlinirton. 
 Lucius B. Peck, Montpelier. 
 
 James M. Mason, Winchester. 
 
 .\ndrew S. Fulton, Wytheville. 
 William L. (iofipin. Otter Bridge. 
 James Mcliowell, Lexington. 
 Richard K. Meade, IVtei'sbnrir. 
 John S. Pendleton. C'Ml|)eper. 
 William B. Preston, Bhuksburn. 
 Robert A. Thompson, Kanawha. 
 
 Isaac P. Walker, •■ Milwaukee. 
 
 William 1'. l.vnile, ' Milwaukee. 
 
 WISCONSIN TERRlTiiliY. 
 
 KEI.EOATKS. 
 
 Henrv H. Siblev..'' 
 
 John H. Tweiilv. MilwaukiM'. 
 
 "The SUilc of Wlwontiin. which wiis ii<lmitti<l inin the fiiloii Miiy ■-'9. l.'44S, wn.s ciiily u nnrtinn of Wlm?oiisin Territory, 
 which rt'laiiied itn orKiinizutloii, tjiil which wu.s, in March, 184». reorv'nnl/.eil ii» Miiiiie."iilii Territorj-. 
 hTook his sent .Ililie '£(. IMS. 
 
 cTmil! his wilt .Iniie ■if: IMh. rTiM.li his seal June !>. 1.•^S. 
 
 •iToolc his sealJiine 'J. ISC'. /Took his seal January 15, tWtf. 
 
THIRTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 
 
 Firxl session, from December 3, 1849, to September 30, 1850. Second session, from December S, 1850, to 
 
 March S, 1851. 
 
 Vice-President. — Millard Fillmore, » of New York. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. — David R. 
 Atchison, March 5, 1849; William R. King, of Alabama, elected May 6, 1850. Secretanj of the Senate. — 
 AsBURY DiCKiN.s, of North Carolina. 
 
 Speaker of llie Iloiise. — Howell Cobb, of Georgia. Speaker of the House pro tempore. — Robert C. 
 WixTHROP, of Massachusetts. Clerks of the House. — Thomas Jefferson Ca.mpbell, of Tennessee; 
 Richard M. Young, of Illinoi.s, elected .\pril 17, 1850. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Jeremiah Clemens, Huntsville. \\'illiiini K. Kin<;, '' Selina. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Wilham ,T. Alston, Linden. * Henry W. Hillianl, IMontgomery. 
 
 Franlilin W. Bowdon, Talladega. David Hnhbard, Kinlock. 
 
 Williamson R. W. Cobb, Bellefonte. 
 Sampson W. Harris, Wetumpka. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 SKNATORS. 
 
 Solon Borland, Hot Springs. William K. Sebastian, Helena. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Robert W. .Tolmson, Little Rock. 
 CALIFORNIA. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 John C. Fremont,'' San Francisco. William M. (iwin,'' .'^an Francisco. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Edward <Til)iert,'' San Francisco. George W. Wright,'' San Francisco. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Rogers. Baldwin, New Haven. Truman Smitli, Litclitield. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Walter Booth, Jleriden. Chauncev F. Cleveland. Hampton. 
 
 Thomas B. Butler, Norwalk. Loren P." Waldo, Tolland. 
 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Presley Spruance, Smyrna. John Wales, Wihuington. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 John W. Houston, Georgetown. 
 
 a Becnme President by the death of Zachnry Taylor. cTook bis seal September 10. 18.50. 
 
 ''Elected President pro tempore May 6, 1850. rfTook his .sent September 11. 18.50. 
 
 157 
 
158 
 
 CONOKESSIONAL UIKKOTORY. 
 
 ll,(iKII>\. 
 
 SKN ATOHS. 
 
 Jiicksoii Mortem, I'liiHiuola. 
 
 Piiviil I,. YuU-i', St. AutniHtiiie. 
 
 HKI'HKSENTATIVK. 
 
 K. ('airiii(;ton C'atM'll, Talk'liasHee. 
 GEOKCJIA. 
 
 SESATOIiS. 
 
 J. M. 
 
 ■itidii I'.iMiii'M. Savannali 
 
 HEPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Howfll Colli)," Atlii-n!:. 
 Tlionias C. Hackett, Koine. 
 Hugh A. Haralson, La (irantre. 
 Joseph W. Jackson, <" Savannah. 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 .SENATORS. 
 
 Stephen A. Donjrla.", Chioani^- 
 
 liEl>HE.sENTA'riVK.-i. 
 
 KcUvaril I>. Baker, (ialena. 
 William IL I!is,-.ell, Belleville. 
 Tlioina." L. llariiH, IVterslmr;;. 
 .1. .\. MeClernand, l^hawneetuwn. 
 
 Jw.se 1>. iiriglit, .Madi.-on. 
 
 INDIA.XA. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 KEIM!E.SENTATIVES. 
 
 Nathaniel .\ll>ert.«on, (Jreenville. 
 \\'illiani .1. Brown, .\niity. 
 Cyrus L. I>nnhaiii, Salem, 
 (iraham N. Fit<'li, LoL'ansport. 
 AVilliti .V. (iormaii, Bloomington. 
 
 .\ucnstns C. Doilfie, Bnrlin^'toii. 
 
 Shepherd Lelller, Burlington. 
 Daniel F. .^liller. •• 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 SENATOR.s. 
 HKI'HESEXTATIVES. 
 
 KKXTCCKY. 
 
 SK.NATOI .;. 
 
 Henry Clay, Le.xintrton. 
 
 REl'RE.SENTAriVES. 
 
 Linn Boyd, Cadiz. 
 Paniel Breek, Kiehmond. 
 (ieorge .\. Caldwell, Colnmliia. 
 Jame.s L. Johnson, ( (wen.shoro. 
 Humphrey .Marshall, iJrennons Liek. 
 
 LOl'ISLVNA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 SoloiiH.M W. Down.s, Monroe. 
 
 KE1'HE.SK.NTA TlVRs. 
 
 Ilfnry .\. BuUard,' Xew Orleans. 
 Charles M. Conrad,.' New t Irleans. 
 John 11. ilarmanson,!/ Siinms|Kirt. 
 
 \\'illiaiii C. I'awson, (rreenslKiro. 
 
 -Vllen V. Owen, Talhotton. 
 .\. IL Stephens, Crawt'onlsville. 
 Hol)ert Tooiiitis, Washington. 
 Mai-shall .1. Wellhorn, Columbus. 
 
 James Shields, Belleville. 
 
 William .\. Kielmrdson, liuiney. 
 John Wentworth, Chicago. 
 Timothy R. Young, Marshall. 
 
 James Whitcomli, Indianapolis. 
 
 Andrew ,T. Harlan, .Marion, 
 (ieorge \V. Julian, (Vnterville. 
 Jos. K. .M<dionald, Crawlordsville. 
 Kdw. W. M((;aiighey, Kockville. 
 John L. liobinsun, Kushville. 
 
 (ieorge W. Jones, Duljurjue. 
 
 William Thompson,'' Mouni I'K'a.sant. 
 
 Jfiseph K. I'nderwood, Bowling Green. 
 
 John C. Ma.son, ( )wingsville. 
 Finis K. McLean, Klkton. 
 Charles S. Morehead, Franklort. 
 Kichard IL Stanton. Maysville. 
 John B. Thompson, llarrodsburj; 
 
 I'ierre Soule, New Orleans. 
 
 Kmilo La Sere, Xew Orleans. 
 Lsaac K. Morse, St. .Martinsville. 
 Alexander (i. I'enn,'' Covington. 
 
 " KlwUfl .«prnk(>r Dci'cmlwr 21. Iivl9. 
 
 '• Klictcil ill place i.f Thiiimui BiiIUt KIiik. ri-i.|i:iiiil In im»- twik lil« sent Miircli 1. IWO. 
 
 1- lii-ii(Ti'«.>'(iilly riiiili-stwl Ihc c'lei'tluii uf WiUium Thomiwon, subscMiiK'nIly elected al new election, Hiid look lilii 
 DeremlHT •-11. Is.'*!. 
 ''.Seal (lei-larecl vaeiint .liine'jy, ls.V). 
 
 *■ Kle"'le<l In place of rharle.'« M. ConrHiI. rei«igDe<l; t<j*ik liU m.'hi lieeember .'>, 1S50. 
 / Ke-lKluil AllKll»t 17. IWO. 
 u Uleil ( leKiber m. IWO. 
 * Elecle^l In place of John U. HnmiHnMin, ilcceAsetl; tiKik IiIm <,iiit Deoemtier SO, l^*"*' 
 
THIRTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 
 
 159 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 James W. Bradbury, Augusta. Hannibal Hamlin, Hampilen. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Thomas J. D. Fuller, Calais. 
 Elbridge Gerry, Waterford. 
 Eufus K. ("Toodenow, Paris. 
 Nathaniel S. Littletield, Bridgeton. 
 
 John Otis, Hallowell. 
 
 Cullen Sawtelle, Norridgewuck. 
 
 Charles Stetson, Bangor. 
 
 James A. Pearoe, Chestertown. 
 Thomas <t. Pratt," Annapolis. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENT.4TIVES. 
 
 Richard T. Bowie, Rockville. 
 Alexander Evans, Elkton. 
 Wm. T. Hamilton, Hagerstown. 
 
 David Stewart. '' 
 
 Edw. Hammond, Ellicotts !Mills. 
 John B. Kerr, Easton. 
 Robert M. McLane, Baltimore. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 Jolin Davis, Worcester. 
 Robert Rantoul, jr., '' Boston. 
 
 Charles Allen, Worcester. 
 Gieorge Ashmun, Springfield. 
 James H. Duncan. Haverhill. 
 Samuel A. Eliot, .'' Boston. 
 Orin Fowler, Fall Ri\er. 
 
 Lewis Cass, Detroit. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 MICHIQAN. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Kinsley S. Bingham, Kensington. 
 Alexander W. Buel, Detroit. 
 
 Daniel AVebster,'' Boston. 
 Robert C. AA'inthrop, »' Boston. 
 
 Joseph Grinnell, New Bedford. 
 Daniel P. King, (l Danvers. 
 Horace Mann, \\'est Newton. 
 Julius Rockwell, Pittsfield. 
 Robert C. AA'inthrop, < Boston. 
 
 Alphens Felch, .\nn Arbor. 
 
 William Sijrague, Kalamazoo. 
 
 MLSSISSIPPI. 
 
 Jefferson Davis, Palmyra. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Albert G. Brown, Gallatin. 
 Winfield S. Featherston, Houston. 
 
 Henry S. Foote, Jackson. 
 
 William McWillie, Camden. 
 Jacob Thompson, Oxford. 
 
 MISSOURL 
 
 , SENATORS. 
 
 David R. Atchison,'' Platte City. 
 
 REPRE.SENTATIVES. 
 
 William V. N. Bay, Union. 
 James B. Bowlin, St. Louis. 
 James S. Green, Canton. 
 
 Thomas H. Benton, St. Louis. 
 
 Willard P. Hall, St. .Joseph. 
 John S. Phelps, Springfield. 
 
 " ElivU'd in place at Eeverdy Johnson, resigned in 1.S49, David Stewart having been appointed pro tempore: toolc liis seat 
 Jan\lary 14, l^.iO. 
 
 '■ ApiKiiiitid in place of Reverdy Johnson, resigned in 1849; took liis .seat December .s, 1849. 
 
 <■ Elected ill place of Daniel Webster, resigned, Robert C. Winthrop having been appointed iiro tempore; took liis seat 
 Fehniarv -2, lS.il. 
 
 fnieMt,'iicd .Inly 2'2, 1850, having been appointed Secretary of State. 
 '■ .\pp"imid Senator in place ot Daniel Webster, resigned; took hiss 
 / El'ited ill place of Robert C. Winthrop, appointed Senator; took 1 
 
 3 seat July 30, 1S50; retired from Senate February 7. is.ii . 
 1 place ol Robert C. Winthrop, appointed Senator; took his seat August 22, 1880. 
 l/Dli'd .Inly -25, 1850. 
 li Elected President of the Senate pro tempore March ,i, 1849. 
 
160 
 
 CONORKSSIONAL DIRKCTOEY, 
 
 NKW IIAMI'SIIIUK. 
 
 .Ii.liu r. II;.l.'. I),,v.-1-. 
 
 SENATIUUI. 
 
 Moses Niirris. jr., ManclifHUT. 
 
 Ui:i-UKSKSTAI1VKS 
 
 Ihiny Ilililmnl, Hath. 
 
 lieiiivc W. Miirricdii," Manrlicstcr. 
 
 C'lmili's II. IViislci', ('uiiciircl. 
 
 XKW JKRSKY. 
 
 .SKX.\r(lHS. 
 
 William I.. Itaytmi, Tictitmi. 
 
 HKI'liKSKSIATIVKS. 
 
 Andrew K. liay, Wiiislnw. 
 .Tanie.<<i. Kin;:, lldhoken. 
 William A. Newell, Allentnw ii. 
 
 M:W YORK. 
 
 Anio.-i Tuck, Kxt-ter. 
 James Wilson,'' Keene. 
 
 ,Ta<-i>li W. stiller, Morrislown. 
 
 .John Van Dyke, New Brunswick. 
 Isaac Wildrick, Blairstown. 
 
 .>*i:nai'ohs. 
 
 Danii'l S. 1 liikiiisnn, lUiivrliamtcin. 
 
 I<KrUESEXTATIVE.S. 
 
 Henry 1'. -Vlexamler, I.,ittle Falls. 
 Geor;;o H. Andrews, Ticonderoga. 
 Henrv Hennett, New Herlin. 
 David A. Biikee, Brooklyn. 
 GeorKi" Brij.'i.'S, Xew Yor\v. 
 James Brooks, Xew York. 
 Lorenzo Burnnvs, Albion. 
 Charles K. Clarke, (ireat Bend. 
 Harmon S. Con^'er, Cortland. 
 William I'ner, ( Iswe.L'o. 
 Haniel ( o^^t, I'ompey. 
 Herman D. < iould. r>elhi. 
 Ransom Ilalloway. Beekman. 
 William T. Jai'k.son, Havana. 
 John -V. Kin^', Jamaica. 
 Pre.ston Kin;;, Ogdenshurg. 
 Orsamus B. Mattcson, I'tiea. 
 
 William II. Seward. .Uiliiirn. 
 
 Thomas McKis.sock, X'ewlmrg. 
 William Nelson, l'<'ekskill. 
 J. Phillii>s Plio/nix, Xew York 
 Harvey I'utnam, .\ttica. 
 (iidi'on Reynolds, Iloosick. 
 ICIijah Rislev, I'redonia. 
 Robert L. Rose, Aliens Hill. 
 David Runisey, jr., Bath. 
 Willam A. 8ackett, Heneca Kails. 
 A. M. Scbermerhorn, Roche.ster. 
 ,Tohn I,. Schoolcraft, .Mbanv. 
 Peter II. Silvester, Co.\.sackie. 
 Klbrid!;e(J. Spaulding, Buffalo. 
 John R. Thnrman, Chestertown. 
 Walter CTiderhill, Xew York. 
 Hiram Walden, Waldensville. 
 Hugh White, Cohoes. 
 
 XORTH CAROLIXA. 
 
 George K. Badger, Raleigh 
 
 SEXATOR.S. 
 
 lii:i'KKSKNT\TIVI>. 
 
 William S. Ashe, Wilmington. 
 Joseph P. Caldwell, Statesville. 
 Thomas I,. Clini.'man. .\sheville. 
 John R. J. Daniel, Halifax. 
 Edmund Delierry, Mount (iilead. 
 
 OHTO. 
 
 Willie P. Mangum, Reil Moimtain. 
 
 David Outlaw, Wind.sor. 
 Augustine H. Shepperil, Salem, 
 pjlward Stanly, Washington. 
 A. W. Venable, Brownsville. 
 
 Salmon P. Chase, Cineinnat. 
 Thomas Corwin, <" Ix?banon. 
 
 John Bell, "" Fremont, 
 ■loseph Cable, Carrollfon. 
 Lewis D. Cam|ibell, Hamilton. 
 Davjil K. Canter, Mas.sillon. 
 
 SKNATOItS. 
 
 ItKI'Kl'-SKXTATIVKS. 
 
 Thomas Kwing,' Lanciister. 
 
 AFoses B. Corwin, Crbana. 
 John Crowell, Warren. 
 Daviil T. Disney, Cincinnati. 
 Nathan Kvans, Cainl)ridge. 
 
 n EliTtod In placM- <if .Fames Wllwm, roalgncd; took his sent December 2, 1R.W; eleelloii uii»iiece.«fiilly contested by Jnreil 
 
 riTkiii». 
 
 '' Rc!.lKm-<l .SfiitcmbiT 9. IMO. 
 
 •■ Risliriu'rl .Inly JJ. IWO, linviiiK been nppoinUHl Socrrlarv o( ilu" Troftsiiry. 
 rf Ap|K>lntfil III pliw'c o( TlioiniuH Corwin. resiitned; liwik IiIb scat .luly i". 1NV>. 
 *■ KufttHt In pliicc of .VmoH K. WihmI, i!iTofl!M.'»l; tmik hi?) wat Janimry 7, IsM. 
 
THIRTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 
 
 1()1 
 
 Joshua R. Giddings, Jefferson. 
 ISIoses Hda.trland, ^lillersljurg. 
 AVilliam F/Hunter, V.'oodsfield. 
 John K. Jliller, Mount Vernon. 
 Jonathan 1). Morris, Batavia. 
 Edson B. Olds, Circlevillt'. 
 Emery D. Potter, Toledo. 
 Josepii M. Root, Sandusky. 
 
 Robert C. Schenck, Dayton. 
 Charles Sweet^er, Delaware. 
 John Jj. Taylor, Chilicothe. 
 Samuel F. Vinton, Gallipolis. 
 William A. Whittlesey, Marietta. 
 Amos E. AVood," Wooilville. 
 Rudolphus Dickinson, ''Lower Sandusky. 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 .SENATORS. 
 
 James Cooper, Pottsville. 
 
 REPRESEST.\TIVES. 
 
 John Brisbin. '' 
 Chester Butler,'' Wilkesbarre. 
 Samuel Calvin, Hollidaysburg. 
 Joseph Casey, New Berlin. 
 Joseph R. Chandler, Philailelphia. 
 Joel B. Danner, <' (Gettysburg. 
 Jesse C. Dickey, New London. 
 Milo M. Dimmick, Stroudsburg. 
 John Freedley, Norristown. 
 Alfred Gihnore, Butler. 
 INIoses Hampton, Pittsburg. 
 John W. Howe, Franklin. 
 Lewis C. Levin. Philadelphia. 
 
 Daniel Sturgeon, Uniontown. 
 
 Job Mann, Bedford. 
 J. X. McLanahan, Chambersburg. 
 Henry D. Moore, Philadeli>hia. 
 Henry Nes, f York. 
 Andrew J. <->gle, Somerset. 
 Charles W. Pitman, Pottsville. 
 Robert R. Reed, Washington. 
 John Robl)ins, jr., Philadelphia. 
 Thomas Ross, Doylestown. 
 Thaddeus Stevens, Lancaster. 
 William Strong, Reading. • 
 James Tliompson, Erie. 
 David AVilmot, Towanda. 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 SENATOK.S. 
 
 John H. Clarke, Providence. Albert C. Greene, Providence. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Nathan F. Dixon, AWsterly. George G. King, Newport. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 Robert W. Barnwell.;/ 
 Andrew P. Butler, Edgetield. 
 John C. Calhoun,'' Pendleton. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Armistead Burt, AVillington. 
 William F. Colcock, Grahamville 
 Isaac Fj. Holmes, Charlest(.in. 
 John McQueen, Benuettsville. 
 
 Franklin H. Elmore. ' 
 
 R. Barnwell Rhett, J Cliarleston. 
 
 James L. Orr, Anderson. 
 
 Daniel Wallace, Union. 
 
 Jos. A. Woodward, AVinnsboro. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 John Bell, Nashville. 
 
 REPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 Josiah M. Anderson, Coops Creek. 
 Andrew Ewing, Nashville. 
 ISIeredith P. Gentry, Franklin. 
 Ishain G. Harris, Paris. 
 Andrew Johnson, Greenville. 
 George W. Jones, Fayetteville. 
 
 Hopkins L. Turney, Winchester. 
 
 John H. Savage, Smithville. 
 Frederick P. Stanton, Memiihis. 
 James H. Thomas, Columbia. 
 Albert G. Watkins, Panther Springs. 
 Christopherll. Williams, Le-xington. 
 
 eased: 
 
 tiiuk liis seat .January 13, l.s.51. 
 1&50. 
 
 ft Dicrl November 19, ISoO. 
 '■Uieil March 12, 1,S49. 
 <■ P^ItM'te'i in place «;il' Chester Butler, deet 
 'iljied (irtober .5. ls,50. 
 
 '■ Eleetfd in place of Henn' Nes, deceased: took his seat December '2 
 /Dieil Sept.mtier 10, 1850. 
 (/ Api«iint(cl in place of Franklin H. Elmore, deceased; took his seat June 24, 18,tU. 
 'iDied March :;l, Is'iO. 
 
 '.\ppointcil in jilace of John C. Calhoun, deceased: took his seat May 6, 1.S50; died May 29, 18.50. 
 J Elected in place of John C. Calhoun, deceased, Franklin H. Elmore and Robert W. Barnwell having 
 pro tempore; took his seat January 6, 1S.)1. 
 
 been appointed 
 
 H. Doc. 458- 
 
 -11 
 
1()2 CONGRESSSIONAI. DIRKCTOKY. 
 
 TI'.XAS. 
 
 SENATOUS. 
 
 Sniiiiicl Iliiiistcin. lliiiilsvilli'. ThoniaH .1. Rusk, Xacopioches. 
 
 liKrHRsKNTATIVKS. 
 
 VoliHV i;. Jliiwanl, S;iii Antmiio. Daviil S. Kaiil'iuaii," J5razoria. 
 
 VKU.MONT. 
 
 SENATilltS, 
 
 Painncl S. l'li<l|is, MiiMlilmiy. Wi'liaiii r]iliain, >l<inl|M-lifr. 
 
 UKrUKSKNlATlVKH. 
 
 William Ilebanl, Chelsea. James Meacliaiu, Middk-lmry. 
 
 William Homy, P.ellowH Kails, Lucius M. I'cck, MonfiK-lier. 
 
 VIKiilNIA. 
 
 SKNATllHS. 
 
 Rohert M. T. llimt.r, MoyUs. .laiiKs M. Mus.iii. Wiiidicster. 
 
 Hi:i'RESEXTATIVh>i. 
 
 Thomas 11. .\viTftt, Ilalila.x. Kayctlf McMuIUmi, Rye Cove. 
 
 Thiimas 11. Uavk-v, Acccimac. Kiihanl K. .Moaile, IVtersburg. 
 
 James M. II. Hcal'i', Point I'k-asant. .lolin S. Millsoii, Norfolk. 
 
 Thos. S. Boi-ock, Appomattox. Jeremiah Morton, Raccfion Ford. 
 
 Henry A. Eilmundson. Salem. Riihard Parker, Perryville. 
 
 Thomas S. llaymond,'' Kairmounl. I'aiiUis Powell, .Xinherst. 
 
 .Alexander K. ilolladay, .Manslield. .Fames .\. Seddon, Riilimond. 
 James McDowell, Lexintrton. 
 
 Wlf>C( )X.SIN. 
 
 SEXATOHS. 
 Henry l>odi;e, nod|;eville. Isaac 1'. Walker, Milwaukee. 
 
 liEl'RESEXTATI V h>. 
 
 Ursamus Cole, Potosi. Charles Hiirkei', .Smthport. 
 
 James Duane Doty, Menasha. 
 
 MINNF.SOT.V TKKUrniKV. 
 
 iii:i,K(.ATi:. 
 Henry II. Sihiey, Mcnilota. 
 
 ORKtiO.N TKRKITOUY. 
 
 nELEOATE. 
 
 Samuel K. ThurHton, Linn City. 
 
 aDled JoBuary 81, 1X51. ftElectcHl In pluec of Alexander Xewman, deceased in IM'.i. Imving never taken hlaseat. 
 
THIETY-SECOXD CONGEESS. 
 
 First si'xnioii, from Decciiihcr 1, ISSl, to Atu/iigt SI, 18.'>'2. Second sesnioii, from Dcrrmhir .!, IS.'i.i, to 
 
 'iUirck 3, 185S. 
 
 Vici-Pnuideiit. — William R. Ki.vc," nf Alabama. Presidents of the Senate pro tcmporr. — William R. 
 King,* of Alaljama; David R. Atchison, of Mir^soiiri, elected December 20, 1852. Serretanj of tlie 
 Senate. — Asbvry Dicken.«, of North Carolina. 
 
 Speaker of the House. — Linn Boyd, of Keiifurky. Clerk rf the House. — .Tiuin W. Founky, of 
 IVnnsvlvania. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 .leremiali Clemens, Huntsvillc. William R. King,'* Selnia. 
 
 Benjamin Fitzpatrick, '■ Wetniniika. 
 
 KEPKESENTATIVES. 
 
 Jame.s Abercrombie, Giranl. George S. Houston, Athens. 
 
 John Bragg, Mobile. William R. Smith, Fayette. 
 
 W^illiamson R. W. Cobb, Bellefonte. Alexander "White, Talladega. 
 Sampson AV. Harris, Wetnmpka. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Solon I'xjrlanil, Hot Springs. William K. Sebastian, Helena. 
 
 REPRE.SENTATIVE. 
 
 Robert W. Johnson, Little Ro.'k. 
 CALIFORNIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 William M. (iwin, San Francisco. John ]',. Weller, ' San Francisco. 
 
 REPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 Kdward C. ilarshall, Sonora. Joseph W. JlcCorkle, Marysvillc. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Truman Smith, Litchfield. Isaac Toucey, .' Hartford. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Charles Chapman, Hartford. . Colin JI. Ingersoll, New Haven. 
 
 Chauncey F. Cleveland, Hampton. Origen S. Seymour, Litehtield. 
 
 n Died April !8. 1853. 
 
 b Resifrnofi Di.'fi'mber 20. l.S.i2. 
 
 I' Aiii.ipitiird in pliici- of William R. King, resigned; took his seat .iHiliiury 20, 1S53. 
 
 ^ Resigiicil jis I'n-i.lciit pro tempore December 20, 18.52; subswiuently re-signed his seat, having been elected Vice-Pre.sident. 
 
 '■ Took bis seat March 17. 1852. 
 
 / Took his seat May 14, 1852. 
 
 163 
 
i<;4 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECToHV. 
 DKI.AWAKK. 
 
 SKXATOHS. 
 
 .IiiiiicH A. I'.ayanl. \ViliHirii.'tnn. PrcHlt-y Siiriiaiu-c, Smyrna. 
 
 UKI'HESKXTATIVK. 
 
 (.ieorfit' Iteul UidiUe, Wilminiitiiii. 
 FLORIDA. 
 
 .'iKXATDHS. 
 
 Steiilu'ii K. Malliviy," .Tacksiniville. Jackson Murlmi, I'l-nsacola. 
 
 REPRKSKNTATIVK. 
 
 E. Carrington Cabell, Montieelli). 
 GE()R(;IA. 
 
 SKXATOK.S. 
 
 .Icilm Macplierson Berrion,'' Savannah. 
 HciLiTl M. Cliailfon, '■ Savannah. 
 
 HErl!ESEXTATIVJ> 
 
 Daviil .1. I'>ailcv, Jackson. 
 K. W. Cliastaiii, Tacoali. 
 Junius Ilillycr, Monroe. 
 Joseph \V. .lackson, Savannah. 
 
 AViUiaiuC. iHiwson, Greenslioro. 
 
 James Johnson, Colnmhus. 
 Cliarlcs Murphy, Decatur. 
 Alex. IL Ste|)liens, t'rawloriiville. 
 Koliert Toomlis, \Vashins;ton. 
 
 Steplien \. Douirlas, Cliica'.;o. 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 SKXATOItS. 
 HEl'UKSEXTATIVlvS. 
 
 Willis .Mien, Marion. 
 William 11. Kissell, Helleville, 
 Thompson ('anipl>ell, (ialena. 
 Orlando B. Ficklin, Charleston. 
 
 Je.s.se 1). Briglit, Madison. 
 Charle.s W. Cat heart,'' Laporte. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 SENATOUS. 
 KEPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Samuil r.rcMton, Fort Wayne. 
 John (i. Davis, Roekville. 
 Cyrus L. Dunham, i^alem. 
 (iraham N". Fiteh. Losiansporl. 
 Willis .\. (iormaii, Bloominjjton. 
 
 James Shields, Belleville. 
 
 Richard S. Moluny, Helviilere. 
 William \. Kichardson. Quincy. 
 Richard Yates. Jack.souville. 
 
 John Petit,' Lafayette. 
 
 James Whitcondi, .'' Indianapoliii. 
 
 Thomas A. Hendricks. Shell.yville. 
 .lames Lockhart. F.vansville. 
 Daniel Mace. Lafayette. 
 Samuel W. I'arker, (onnersville. 
 John L. Roliinsou, Rushville. 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 Angnstiis C. Dodee, Burlington. 
 
 liKI'HKSRXTATIVf>. 
 
 Lincoln Clark, Dubuque. 
 
 (ieorge W. Joui-s, Dubui|ue. 
 Benibart Uenn, Kairtield. 
 
 " Kli I linn \in8ii(ii.«j'tiiHy ci.nlestprt l>.v Diivlil I,. YuUv. 
 ' l;.-ii;lii-'l Miiv ■.!■'>, !■<■''-'. 
 
 • A|.i-"iiilc.l ill pliirc iif .lolui Mdophenum BiTrlon. re.ilKiii'il; took Ills »fat June 11. l^Vi. 
 ''.Viipoiiiliil ill pliii'fiif Jiimes Whilcoiiil). deeeiutwl: look lii.a .<4'iit IiwomlKT B, lUKi. 
 
 ' Kleiti"! ill pliuc ipf .Iiiiiio WlilKiiniti, ili-ceiiseil. iMiiirli^s W. Oitliciirt liiiviiiK liifii appoiiKcil prii Ii'iniairr: li«ik lil.« mhI 
 .liiiiiinrv 1>^. !<>;'.. 
 
 / \<^-i\ tIctolilT I, 1S.VJ. 
 
THIRTY-SECOND CONGRESS. 
 
 165 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Henry Clay," Lexinston. 
 Archibald Dixon, '-' Henderson. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Linn Boyd,'' Padnoah. 
 John C. Breckinridge, Lexington. 
 Pre.sley Ewing, Russellville. 
 Benjamin E. Grey, Hopkinsville. 
 Hnmphrey ilarshall.f Newcastle. 
 John C. iia.son, Owensville. 
 
 David ^leriwether. '- 
 
 Joseph K. Underwood, Bowling (ireen. 
 
 William Preston, ./' Lonisville. 
 Richard H. Stanton, Maysville. 
 James W. Stone, Elizabethtown. 
 William T. Ward, Greenshurg. 
 Addison White, Richmond. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Solomon W. ]^owns, ^lonroe. Pierre Soule, New Orleans. 
 
 REPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 J. Aristide Landry, Donaldsonville. 
 John Moore, New Iberia. 
 
 James AV. Bradljurv, Augusta. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Charles Andrews,!/ Paris. 
 John Appleton, Portland. 
 Thomas J. D. Fuller, Calais. 
 Rol)ert Goodenow, Farmiiigton. 
 
 .\lexander (i. Penn, Covington. 
 Louis St. Martin, New Orleans. 
 
 Hannibal Hamlin, Hampden. 
 
 Moses McDonald, Biddeford. 
 Isaac Reed,'' Waldotiorcj. 
 Ephraim K. Smart, Camden. 
 Israel Wasliburn, jr., Orono. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 SEX,\TORS. 
 
 James X. Pearce, Chestertown. 
 
 REPKESENT.VTIVES. 
 
 Richard T. Bowie, Eockville. 
 Joseph S. Cottman, Upper Trappe. 
 Alexander Evans, Elkton. 
 
 Thomas ( i. Pratt, .\nnapolis 
 
 Wm. T. Hannlton, Hagerstown. 
 Edw. Hamnionil, Ellicotts Jlills. 
 Thomas Yates Walsh, Baltimore. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 John Davis, Worcester. 
 
 Charles .\llen, Worcester. 
 William .\ppleton, Boston. 
 George T. Davis, Greentield. 
 James H. Duncan, Haverhill. 
 Francis B. Fay, '■ Chelsea. 
 Orin Fowler, J Fall River. 
 John Z. Goodrich, Glendale. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Charles Sumner, Boston. 
 
 Edward P. Little,* Marshfleld. 
 Horace Mann, West Newton. 
 Robert Kantoul, jr.,' Beverly. 
 Lorenzo Sabine,'" Framinghain. 
 Zeno Scudder, Barnstable. 
 Benj. Thompson," Charlestown. 
 
 n Dif'l June 29. 18.S2. hftving previou.«ly tendered his resignation to take effeet on the first Monday of 8eptemher, 1852. 
 ^ Elected in place of Henry Clav, deceased, David Meriwether having been appointed pro tempore: took his seat Decem- 
 ber 20, lSo2. 
 (• Appointed in pliiee of Henry Clay, deceased: took his sent .Inly l.s, lH.'i2. 
 ifEkitid Speaker lieeemberl, 1851. 
 
 cResiKIled .\UKUst J, 18.12. 
 
 / Elected in place of Hnmphrey Marshall, resigned; took his seat Deeeml>er 0, 1852. 
 
 Bliied April :iu. Isfl2. 
 
 h Elected in place of Charles .\ndre\vs. deceased: took his seat Jnne 25. 1852. 
 
 i Elected in |ilaee of Robert Rnntoul, jr., deceased; took his seat December 29, 18,52. 
 
 jDicd Scpicniliera, 1852. 
 
 ^Elected in place of Orin Fowler, deceased; took his seat December 30. 1852. 
 
 IDied August 7,1852. 
 
 '.' Eicctt:-d ill i.lace of Benjamin Thompson, deceased; took his seat Deeeinber 28, 1852. 
 
 " Died September 24, 18.52.' 
 
KIC) 
 
 CONORKSSIONAL DIKKOTORY. 
 MiniK.AN. 
 
 SEXATilRS. 
 
 I.fwii' Cass, Pctniit. 
 
 iiKrni:si:NTATivi>. 
 
 Jaiiii'i' 1.. ('linger, Mount I'k'UR'iiji. 
 El)onezer.I. IViinitnaii. I'lyiimutli. 
 
 MISSISSIIM'I. 
 
 Stcplipn Adams," Abenlopn. 
 WaltiT HriMikf.'' Lexiii^'Ion. 
 Jelffisiui Daviti. •' 
 
 AllxTt (i. Brown, Gallatin. 
 John I). Frt'cnian, Jai-kson. 
 
 KKPKESESTATIVES. 
 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 .\l|)liiMiH I'Vlili. .\nn .\il"ir. 
 C'liaili-» ]■'.. Sinart, Kalamazoo. 
 
 Henry S. Foote,'' Jackson. 
 John I. McRap, ' Knteri)risc. 
 
 Benjamin II. Nat)eis, llickcny Klat. 
 John .\. \Vilc<i.\, Alunlcen. 
 
 >EX.\T<IK,S. 
 
 Davi.l R. Atcliison,.'' Platti- Citv. 
 
 KKI'IiESEXTATlVEs 
 
 John I". Darliv, St. l.onis. 
 Willanl r. Ihill, St. Joseph. 
 John (i. Miller, Boonville. 
 
 Henry S. (icyer, SI. ],(inis. 
 
 ■lolui .•». I'lielp.--. S|prin;;lielil. 
 (iilehrift I'orter, Bowlintr <'reen. 
 
 Xi:\V HAMl'SHIRK. 
 
 John 1". Hal.', Kover. 
 
 Harry Ilil.banl. Balh. 
 Charles H. PeasW, Coiu-nnl. 
 
 SE.NATdUS. 
 
 KEPRE.SENT.^TIVE.-'. 
 
 Ni:\\" .n:Ksi:Y. 
 
 Moses Korris, Maiiehester. 
 
 Jared JVrkins, Winchester. 
 Amos Tuck, Kxeter. 
 
 Jacdli \V. Milli-r, Morrislnwn. 
 
 (ieiirm" H. Brown, Somerville 
 Roihnan M. I'rice, Hulioken. 
 Charles Skelton, Trenton. 
 
 Haiiiilliin I'ifli, New York. 
 
 Leamler, l'.al)cork, Oswepo. 
 Henrv Bennett, New Berlin 
 Oliaillah Biiwne, Rielinmnil. 
 John H. Bny.l, Whiteliall. 
 (Jeorne Brin)p<, New York. 
 James Brooks, New York. 
 
 liEPKESEXTATIVE.s. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 SKX.^TOR*. 
 REPKESEXTATIVES. 
 
 RoU-rt K. Stockton. f I'rinc-eton 
 
 Nathan T. Siratton Mnllica Hill. 
 Isaac WiUirick, Blairstown. 
 
 William H. 
 
 ■\\:lf.1 \rilnirn 
 
 Ale.xaniler H. Bnell,' KairlieM. 
 l^irenzo Burrows, .Mhion. 
 (iillMTl I lean, rou«likee|isie. 
 JolinCi. Kloyil. Moriches. 
 Knianiiel B. Hart, New York. 
 .\n)»ustus 1'. Ha.-'call, I-eroy. 
 
 "Elucnil In place of JclTcnon Iliivln, riwlgni>d In IWl, Jiilili I. McRiu- liiiviiiK Iwcii n]>|iniiili'<l [mi Icmiorf; leok liln s<'iil 
 Miirch 17. 1S.V>. 
 I' EU'iti'cl In j.lncr ot Tlonry S. F.x)U', ri-slgiUHl: i.hiW lil- m-iiI Mnriii II. l.S)2. 
 *- KcsIkiiimI NiivenilHT, IKM. 
 ''K*->ltf"<Ml in 1S.VJ. 
 
 ' ApiMiiiilfd in jiliiri- of .U'ffcnMin I»avK. rcslKnc*!; i"Mik lii-wiit licrt'nibn ly. t.sM. 
 /KliTitil l'ri>iil(nl |T.> lrni|Kin- DfiimluT il", 1S.VJ. 
 w Kt'*«iKnc(l .Innnurv 10. ls.'»;{. 
 '• Dii-d Junuiiry ■-".<, 1st:<. 
 
THIRTY-SECOND CONGRESS. 
 
 167 
 
 Solomon G. Haven, Buffalo. 
 J. H. Hobart Haws, New York. 
 Jedediah Horsford, Moufow. 
 Thomas Y. How, jr., An))urn. 
 AVilliam Ives, Watertown. 
 Tiiuiitliy Jenkins, Oneida Castle. 
 Daniel T. Jones, Baldwinsville. 
 Preston King, Ogdensburg. 
 Frederick 8. Martin, Olean. 
 William Murray, Goshen. 
 Reuben Robie, Bath. 
 
 Joseph Russell, Warrensburg. 
 William A. Saekett, Seneca Falls. 
 A. M. Schernierh(jrn, Rochester. 
 John L. Schoolcraft, Albany. 
 Marius Schoonmaker, Kingston. 
 Da\id L. Seymour, Tro}-. 
 William W. Snow, Gneonta. 
 Abraham P. Stephens, Nyack. 
 Josiah Sutherland, Hudson. 
 Henry S. Walbridge, Ithaca. 
 John Wells, Johnstown. 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 George F.. Piadger, Raleigh. 
 
 SEN".\T0RS. 
 
 HKI"RESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 William S. Ashe, Wilmington. 
 Joseph P. Caldwell, Statesville. 
 Thomas L. Clingman, Asheville. 
 John R. J. Daniel, Halifax. 
 Alfred Dockerv, Dockerys Store. 
 
 Salmon P. Chase, Cincinnati. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 SEN.\TOKS. 
 
 REI'RESEXTATI VES. 
 
 Nelson Barrere, Hillsboro. 
 Hiram Bell, Greenville. 
 George H. Busby, Marion. 
 Joseph Cable, Carrollton. 
 Lewis D. Campbell, Hamilton. 
 David K. Cartter, Massillon. 
 David T. Disney, Cincinnati. 
 Alfred P. Kdgerton, Hicksville. 
 Jas. M. Gaylord, McConnelLsville. 
 Joshua R. (iiddings, Jefferson. 
 Frederick W. (ireeu, Tittin. 
 
 Richard lirc.dhcad, Kaston. 
 
 John Allison, Beaver. 
 Thomas M. Bibighaus, Lebanon. 
 Jose[)li R. Chandler. Pliiladelpliia. 
 Carlton B. Curtis, Warren. 
 Jolm L. Dawson, Brownsville. 
 Milo ;\I. Dimmick, Strondsburg. 
 Thomas B. Florence, Philadel])hia. 
 Henry M. Fuller," Wilkesbarre. 
 James (JaniVjle, Jer.sey Shore. 
 Alfred Gilmore, Butler. 
 Galusha A. (irow, (ileuwood. 
 John W. Howe, Franklin. 
 
 Willie P. Mang 
 
 Red Mountain. 
 
 James T. Morehead, Greensboro. 
 David Outlaw, Windsor. 
 Edward Stanly, Washington. 
 A. W. Venable, Brownsville. 
 
 Benjamin F. Wade, Jefferson. 
 
 .Vlexander Harper, Zanesville. 
 WilHam F. Hunter, A\'oodstield. 
 John John.son, Coshocton. 
 Eben Newton, Cantield. 
 E<lson B. Olds, Circleville. 
 Benjamin Stanton, Bellefontaine. 
 Charles Sweetser, Delaware. 
 John L. Taylor, Chillicothe. 
 Norton S. Townshend, Avon. 
 John Welch, Athens. 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 SEX.\TORS. 
 
 RECRESEXT.KTI V Es. 
 
 James Coo]ier, Pottsville. 
 
 Thomas M. Howe, Allegheny City. 
 .]. (ilancy Jones, Reading. 
 Joseph H. Kuhns, (irccnsburg. 
 William 11. Kurtz, York. 
 J. X. McLanahan, Chambersburg. 
 John McNair, Xorristown. 
 Henry D. Mo(.)re, Philadelphia. 
 John A. Morrison, Cocliransville. 
 .\ndrew Parker, Mitllintown. 
 John Rolihins, jr., Philadelphia. 
 Tliomas Ross, Doylestown. 
 Thaddeus Stevens, Lancaster. 
 
 HllODE ISLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John II. Clarke, Providence. Charles T. .lames, I'rovidence. 
 
 UEPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 George G. King, Newport. Benjamin H. TInu-ston, Hnpkinton. 
 
 o Election unsuccessfully contested by H. B. Wright. 
 
168 
 
 CONUKKSSIONAI. l)IKi;( TOKV 
 SOUTH C'AKOLINA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Andrew P. Butler, KilticfieUI. 
 AVin. F. Iif Saussure," Coliunhia. 
 
 KKI'RKSENTATIVES. 
 
 William Aikoii. (Miarloston. 
 Armistead Hurt, Williiifrton. 
 Wni. K. t'oliock, (iriihaiMville. 
 John Mc(Jueen, Heiincttsville. 
 
 H. P.arii\vi-ll Khclt,'' Charleston. 
 
 .lames L. Orr, Amlerson. 
 Daniel Wallace. .loiie.sville. 
 .los. A. Wooihvanl, Winnsboro. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 John Bell, Xa,«hville. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REl'RESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Win. M. Chiirchwell, Knipxville. 
 William C'nllom, Carthage. 
 Meredith P. Cieiitry, Franklin. 
 Ishani Ci. Harris:, Paris. 
 Andrew Johtison, (ireeneville. 
 George \\'. Jones, Fayetteville. 
 
 James C. Jone.«. Memphis. 
 
 William II. I'olk. (V.lnml.ia. 
 John H. Savage, Smithville. 
 Frederick P. Stanton, Meinphis. 
 A. (i. Watkins, Panther Springs. 
 C. H. Williams, Lexington. 
 
 TEXAS. 
 
 SEX.\T<)RS. 
 
 Samuel Houston, Hunt.-^ville. Thomas J. Kusk. Nacogdoches. 
 
 liEI'RESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Volney E. Howard, .'>an .Vntonio. Richardson Scurry, Clarksville. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 SEXATORS. 
 
 Solomon Foot, Rutland. 
 Samuel S. Phelps, « Middlebury. 
 
 Thomas Bartlett, jr., Lvndon. 
 William liehard, ChelsVa. 
 
 Williani rjiham.'' Monti)elier. 
 
 REPRESEXTATIVE.S. 
 
 James Meacham, Middlebury. 
 .\himan L. Miner, .Manchester. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 RoWrt M. T. Hunter, I.loyds. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Thomas H. -Vvprott, Halifax. 
 Thomas H. Itavlev. Accomac 
 J. M. H. Beale. Point Plea.smt. 
 Thos. S. Bocock, .Vppomattox. 
 John S. Caskie, RichmipTid. 
 Sherrard Clemens,' Wheeling. 
 Henry A. Edmundson, Salem. 
 Chas.'J. Faulkner, Martinsburg. 
 
 James M. Ma.«on. Winche.ster. 
 
 Alex. K. IloUaday. Manslield. 
 John Letcher, i^'xington. 
 Hichanl K. Meaile. Petersburg. 
 Favcttc McMnllen. Rve Cove 
 John S. Millson, N.irfolk. 
 I'aulus Powell, .\mhei-st. 
 Jas. F. Strolher, Ra|>pahannoi'k. 
 Cteorge W. ThoinptMO.'' 
 
 " .\ppctinlo(] in pliioe of H. Bnrnwotl Rhctt. rt-slsmefl; t<"tok bis wnt Mhv '2i. 1H.VJ. 
 
 '• Ki'-ilKiiud in IKS'.'. 
 
 <• Ai>|Kiiiiii'<l in pliioe of WiUinni I'phiim, <lccoii.«o<); li>i>k hi" sfiit .Innnnrv l'.i. l^'iX. 
 
 'IIiIihI .Innnnrv 14. 1K.S». 
 
 ■■ Elti'tcd in pliiru o( Oi'orsi' W. Thiimp«<>n. n'liBnnl; Iimic 111* H'lit Iiinvmlior i'.. ^sh>. 
 
THIKTY-SKCOND CONGRESS. 169 
 
 WISCONSIN. » 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Henry Podge, Dodgcville. • Isaac V. Walker, ^lilwiiukee. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 .lames Duane Doty, Menasha. Benj. C. Eastman, Platteville. 
 
 Charles Durkee, Kenosha. 
 
 MINNESOTA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Henry H. .Sibley, ilendota. 
 TERRITORY OF NEW :\IEXICO. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Ric-hanl II. Weightman," Santa Fe. 
 OREGON TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Joseph Lane, Oregon City. 
 UTAH TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 John M. Bernhisel,'' Salt Lake Citv. 
 
 "Took his seat December 1, I80I. 
 
T II T K T \' - T 1 1 1 K 1) C N G R ESS. 
 
 Firnl KfnniiDi, fraiii Ih'iYiiitii !■ ■'', IS.'i.'i, In Aiif;iitil 7, lS,'i4. ,\ii)iiil unmlnii, from I>eveiiil>ir 4, JS'i4, to 
 
 MiiitIi .i, lS'>o. 
 
 Vice-I'reindeut.'i PresidnUx of the Senate pro lemporf. — DAvri> K. ATriiisnx, ot Missouri; Lkwis 
 Cass, i)f Miclil^aii, elected Deceiiil)er 4, 1854, for one <iiiy: .U>.sk D. Hhk^iit, of Imliana, elected 
 1 iciciiibor i). ls."i4. Sirriliin/ iifihe Siuiilf. — AsnriiY DifKKNs, of North Carolina. 
 
 S/iiiihr iij Ihi Ifoime. — LiNX Boyd, of Kentucky. (.I<il: nf Ih,' Jftnise. — Joiix \V. Fohnky, of Penn- 
 ."vlvaliia. 
 
 AL.ABAifA. 
 
 SEX.\ToK.s. 
 
 C'li'iiMMit (\ ('lav, jr., IliHit.-'x illc. Benjamin Fitzpatrick,'' Wetum|>ka. 
 
 kKl'KBSKST.\TIVES. 
 
 Janie.s Al)ercroniliie, < iiraril. (ieorge S. Hnupton, Atliens. 
 
 Williani.-on U. \V. ('..lib, Bellcfimte. l'liili|. I'liillii.f, Mobile, 
 
 .lames V. Dnwilcll. Chamlicrs, William K. Smith, Fayette. 
 .SiMiiisoii W. Harris, Wcliimpka. 
 
 AKKAXSA8. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Solon Borland. ■ Williarii K. Seba.stian, ' Helena. 
 
 Hobert \V.,.lolinson,'' KitiU- Kmk. 
 
 REI'RKSKXTATIVES. 
 
 Alfri'l r>. ( irccuwniMl, Hcntdnville. Kdward A. Warn-n, Camden. 
 
 CAUFOHM A. • 
 
 SESATOKS. 
 
 William M. iiwin. >':m I- raiiciscn. .lolm 1!. Weller. San Kranciwo. 
 
 KKl'llKSE.VTATIVEs. 
 
 Milton S. I.alliaiii, .'~:ii iniinMit.i City. .Tames .\. McUnuirall. San Francisco. 
 
 CONNFCTICIT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Franiis (iillette,.' Ilartfurd. Isaac Toucey, llartfonl. 
 
 Truman Smith, f l.itchlicld. 
 
 HEI'lllvSENTATlVl>. 
 
 Nathan Belcher, New Ix)ndon. .Tames T. IVatt, Kockyhill. 
 
 Ciiliii M. Ingersoll, New Ihiven. Orip'U S. Seymour, I.itchtield. 
 
 DFI.AWAUK. 
 
 SENATOHS. 
 
 ■Tames .\. Bayard. Wilmin^'lim. ,lohn .M. Clayton,' Chi)>|K'wa. 
 
 UKri(h>KNTATI\ K. 
 
 Geonse Kead Kiddle, Wilniinjfton. 
 
 iiWIIIiiMii K. KiiiK. \1<<-I'rc»l<lciit iif till' fnltcil .sinii's. ttli'il April Id, ls.'i3. 
 'Kl'i ir<l In |>liii'i-(if Williiiiii K. KiiiR. ri'xiKiKil: tixik III!' m'iiI Miin-li -1. 1.S.VI. 
 ■ 1U-Ikiu<1 AiirU, ISW. 
 
 ■' A|.|Hilnl<->l III pliHi- iif Soliin Horiiiiiil, apimliited iiiliil«t<T liilVnlml AiiutIcb: U-ik lii- Miit Hi riiiii..r .s. 1((.>3; milwo- 
 qii<-nil\ fliTt»*<l i>v thi- If»rl!«liitiirt'. 
 • r.">k htsM-iii Mnnh 4, InW. 
 
 / KUilol 111 pliici' of Triiiimii Sniltli. nwlBiiwl; to<ik li^ •.ciii Miiy ■-••V l»o4 
 1/ R<-li:ii.cl April 11. iXM. !.■ Iiiki' olTocI .Mii.v 24, 1857. 
 
 170 
 
THIRTY-THIKl) l^ONORESS. 
 
 171 
 
 1'Luk:j>a. 
 
 SENATOKS. 
 
 Stephen R. Mallory, Jiicksdiiville. Jackson Morton, l'('r..rac'ola. 
 
 KjJl'KI-MEXTATIVK. 
 
 Augustus I'2. Maxwell, Tallahassee. 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 SEXATOES. 
 
 ^\'illiaIU C. ])avvson. t ircrnslioro. 
 
 David J. Bailey, Jackson. 
 E. W. Chastaiii, Tacoali. 
 Alfred II. Colquitt, Newton. 
 Williaiii B. Vi'. Dent, Nevvnan. 
 
 EEPRESEXT.VTIVES. 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Roliort Tool id IS," AVasldniiton. 
 
 Junius Hillyer, Monroe. 
 David A. Keese, Monticello. 
 James L. Seward, Thoniasville. 
 A. H. Stephens, Crawfonlville. 
 
 James Shields, Belleville. 
 
 Stephen A. Douglas, Chicago. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 James C. Allen, Palestine. ^Villi:lm A. Riehanlson, '^uiniry. 
 
 Willis Allen, Marion. Elilm B. Wasldiurne, (jalena. 
 
 William H. IJissell, Belleville. John Wentworth, Chieago. 
 
 James Knox, Knoxville. Riehanl Yates, Jacksonville. 
 Jesse O. Norton, Joliet. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 Jesse D. Bright, '' Madison. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 HEr'KESKNTATIVES. 
 
 Ebenezer M. Chamherlain, (ioshen. 
 John G. Davis, Rockville. 
 Cyrus L. Dunham, Valley Farm. 
 Norman I'.ddy, South I'eud. 
 William II. l'',nglish, Lexington. 
 Andrew J. Harlan, Marion. 
 
 Augustus C I'odge, r.uiiiu'-'ton. 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 KKl'HIOSrCNTA'rn'ES. 
 
 .Inhii V. Cook, Davenpcirt. 
 
 KKNTCCKY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 Jiilin 1!. Tliom]isiiu," ]Iarrodsl)urg. 
 
 liKl'HKSKNTATIVES. 
 
 Linn Boyd,'' I'aducah. 
 John (j. Breckinridge, Lexington. 
 Francis M. Bristcnv,'' KIkton. 
 James S. Chrisman, Jlonticello. 
 Leander M. Cox, Klein ingshurg. 
 Jolin M. Elliott, I'restonljurg. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SBXATORs. 
 
 Jndali 1'. Benjamin,' New Orleans. 
 Jdhii Slidcll,.'' New Orleans. 
 
 HKl'ItKSKNTATIVKS. 
 
 William Duidiar, New Orleans. 
 Theodore fi. Hunt, New Orleans. 
 
 John I'ettit, Lafayette. 
 
 Thomas A. Hendricks, Shelhyville. 
 
 James H. Lane, Lawrenceijurg. 
 
 Daniel Mace, Lafavette. 
 
 Smith Miller. Patoka. 
 
 Samuel W. Parker, Connersville. 
 
 ("feorgc W. Jones, Dnliui)iie. 
 i'.ci'idiart Ileiiii. laii'lii'ld. 
 
 Arcldhald Dixon, lleuiler.son. 
 
 Presley Ewing, ' Russellville. 
 Ben Edwards (irey, Hoijkinsville. 
 Clement S. Hill, Lehanon. 
 William Preston, Louisville. 
 Richard H. Stanton, Maysville. 
 
 Pierre Souli'.!/ 
 
 Roland Jones, Shroveport. 
 John Perkins, jr., Ashwood. 
 
 a Took his seat March 4, lH5i3. 
 
 b Elected President pro tempore December h, 1854. 
 
 "^Elected Speulter December ij, 1S53. 
 
 rf Elc<rtcd ill pitice of I'reslcy Ewing, deceased; took Iiis seat December 4, 1.S54. 
 
 cDied ill 18r)4. 
 
 /Elected in place of Pierre Soul^, resigned 1853; (ooli liis seat Dccemlier •'), 18.53. 
 
 1/ Kesigned April 11, 1853. 
 
t'KNOKKSSloNAI, DIKKCTOKY. 
 SKNATOR8. 
 
 Willi:iiii I'ill I'csHciiili'li," riirllaml. 
 
 HEI'KfSSEXTATIVKs. 
 
 Saiinu'l r. licnsoii, Wiiillini|i. 
 K. Wililcr Kiirli'V, Ni'wcastli'. 
 Tlmma-'J J. D. FulliT, Calais. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 .•<KNAT<>U.S. 
 
 Jainec A. I'caicc, C'licslerUnvn. 
 
 KKI'liKSENl'ATIVES. 
 
 John K. Franklin, Snowhill. 
 AVilliani T. HaniiUim, Hajjcrstuwii 
 Henry May, Haltinioro. 
 
 llaiiniUiil Hamlin. Haiij|«li'n. 
 
 Sanuu'l Maliall, (iray. 
 Miisi'S MiDdiialil, I'lirtlanil. 
 Israi-l \Va.-libnrn, jr.,(>ri)n(>. 
 
 ThiiMiasli. I'ratt, .\nnai)olis. 
 
 Jai-ol) Sliowor, ManohosU-r. 
 
 A. R. Soller8, I'rince Frt-ilericktown. 
 
 Joshna Vani«nt, Baltimore. 
 
 MASSACHl'SETTS. 
 
 SENATOR.^. 
 
 Kclwanl Kverelt,'' Koston. 
 ,)ulins Koi'kwi'll,'- I'itt.-lield. 
 
 KEl'lttasKXT A 11 V E.S 
 
 William Appleton, Boston. 
 Nathaniel 1'. Banks, jr., Wallhani. 
 Samuel I., ('nicker, 'raiiiit(Pii. 
 Alexander ]h- Wilt, Oxfnnl. 
 Kihvanl Hickinson, .Vmherst. 
 J.W. Edniaiuls, NewtimCdrner. 
 
 I.,ewis Cast>,'.i Hetrnit. 
 
 Samuel t'lark, Detroit. 
 David A. Noble, Monroe. 
 
 Stephen Adams, Alierdeeii. 
 
 William Barksdalo, Colnmhus. 
 Williaiii S, I'.arrv. (ireenwood. 
 Wilev V. Harris' Montieello. 
 
 MlClllGAX. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 RKI'KESENTA riVKS. 
 
 MISSISSll'I'l. 
 
 senators. 
 uepuesi:ntativi>. 
 
 MissoriH. 
 
 Charles Sumner, Boston, 
 llenrv Wilson.'' Natiek. 
 
 Thos. D. Eliot, ' New Be<ifor(l. 
 .Tohii 'A. Ctoodrioh, (ilendale. 
 Zeiio Siiiilder..' Barnstalile. 
 Charles W. rpham, .Salein. 
 Saml. H. Walliy, Roxhnry. 
 Tappan Wentworth, Lowell. 
 
 Charles K. Stuart.'' Kalamazoo. 
 
 llestor L. Stevens, I'ontiac. 
 David Stuart, Detroit. 
 
 .\llierl (i. Brown.' Newlown. 
 
 ( )tho R. Sintileton, Canton. 
 l>aniel B. Wripht, Salem. 
 
 -KNATOHS. 
 
 l>aviil R. Atchison,./ I'lalli- Cii v. 
 
 HKritl-i<KNTATIV)->i. 
 
 Thomax IL Benton, St. Ixiuis. 
 Samuel Carnthers. Freilericktown. 
 Allied W. Uimh, llannihal. 
 James J. l>indley, Montieello. 
 
 Henrv S. (iever. .'^t. Louis. 
 
 John (i. Jliller, Boonville. 
 Mordeeai tlliver, Richmond. 
 John S. Phelps, Sprinjilield. 
 
 oTook lilniwnl Fi'briiHrv a3. IXM. 
 I" Kcslini'il .llllic I. 1S'>4. 
 
 r.XniMiiiit^-f! In j'ltM'i* of KiUvanl Kvert'tt, ri'slnni'd; li>f»k his avnt .liiiip l.'t, 1S.>1. 
 
 •I Kltihil III j.luic lit Kilwiml Kverelt, nitlKiH'tl. Jiillnji RiHkwcM having bten iiii|H>iiileil |in> t<iii|H.re; iimk hi» sont Fob- 
 nitirv 1(1. 1-sVt. 
 <• Khiliil in plmo of Zcno Scnrtrtcr, reslfnieil; l<Kik hl» sent April I", 11*1. 
 / KexIk'Iliil 111 1S.M. 
 BKlifleil I'ri'lclini i.ri> teniiwirf December 4, ISW, lor niie dity. 
 
 ftTeek hlswi'ilt .Mlirch 1. l^Vt. 
 
 ' "Took his will .laniiiiry ".!«>, I(Ct4. 
 J I'reiildvnt pro tcmiiore. 
 
THIRTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 
 
 173 
 
 NEW IIAJIP8HIRE. 
 
 Charles G. Atherton," Nashua. 
 Moses Norris, '' Manchester. 
 
 SENATOKS. 
 
 KEPRESENTATIVKS. 
 
 Harry Hibbard, Bath. 
 
 Geor. W. Ivittredge, Xewuiarket. 
 
 ,T(ihn S. Wflls. '• 
 
 Jareil \V. WilHaiiis/' Lancaster. 
 
 Geor^^eAV. ;\[(irrison, ilam-hester. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SENATORS 
 
 John K. Tliomson, Princeton. AVilHani Wrii;lit,' Newark. 
 
 HKI'UESEXT.iTlVES. 
 
 Samuel Lilly, Lainljertville. Nathan T. Stratton, Mulliea Hill. 
 
 Alex. C. JL Pennington, Newark. George Vail, Morristown. 
 
 Charles Skelton, Trenton. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 Hamilton Fish, New York. 
 
 Henry Bennett, New Berlin. 
 Pa\is Carpenter, f Brockport. 
 George W. Chase, Schi-nevus. 
 Thomas AV'. Camming, Brooklyn. 
 Francis B. Cutting, New York. 
 GiUiert Dean,!/ Poughkecpsie. 
 Reuben E. Fenton, Frewsburg. 
 Thomas T. Flagler, Loc-k]iort. 
 Henry C. Goodwin,'' Hamilton. 
 George Hastings, Mount Morris. 
 Solomon G. Haven, Buffalo. 
 Charles Hughes, Sandy Hill. 
 Daniel T. Jones, Baldwinsville. 
 Caleb Lyiin, Lyonsdale. 
 Orsamus B. Matteson, Ftica. 
 James ^Maurice, ^Masjieth. 
 Edwin B. Morgan, .\urora. 
 William Murray, Goshen. 
 
 SEX.VTOES. 
 
 KEPHEsKNTATiv E.- 
 
 William H. Sew aril, Auburn. 
 
 -Andrew Oliver, Penn Yan. 
 Jared V. Peck, Port Chester. 
 Rufus AV\ Peckham, Alljany. 
 Bisliop Perkins, Ogdensburg. 
 Benjamin Pringle, Batavia. 
 Peter Rowe, Schenectady. 
 Russell Sage, Troy. 
 George A. Simmon.s, Kee.seville. 
 Gerrit Smith, ' Peter.sl)oro. 
 John J. Taylor, Owego. 
 Isaac Teller, J Mattawan. 
 William :\I. Tweed, New York. 
 Hiram Walbridge, New York. 
 William A. Walker, New York. 
 Mike AValsh, New York. 
 Theo. R. Westl)rook, Kiugstiin. 
 John Wheeler, New York. 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 George E. Badger, Raleigh. 
 
 SEN.ITOUS. 
 
 U E CKESENT ATI V ES. 
 
 William S. Ashe, Wilmington. 
 Thomas L. Clingman. Asheville 
 Burt(jn Craige, Salisbury. 
 John Kerr, Yancev\ille. 
 
 David S. Keid,^' Wentwortli. 
 
 Richard C. I'uryear, Huntsville. 
 Sion H. Rogers, Raleigh. 
 Thomas Ruffin, Golds) Miro. 
 Henry M. Shaw, Indian Town. 
 
 ( >HIO. 
 
 Sahuon 1'. Cliase, Cincinnati. 
 
 Edward Ball, Zanesville. 
 George Bliss, Akron. 
 Lewis D. Campbell, Hamilton. 
 Moses B. Corwin, ITrl)ana. 
 David T. Disnev, Cincinnati. 
 Alfred P. Edgerton, Hicksville. 
 Andrew Ellison, (Teorgetown. 
 Joshua R. (iiddings, .tefferson. 
 Frederic W. Green, Titlin. 
 .'Varon Harlan, Yellow Sjirings. 
 John Scott Harrison, Cleves. 
 
 HEI'KESIC.VTATIVES. 
 
 Benjamin F. Wade, .leffcrson. 
 
 Harvey H. Johnson, Asldand. 
 William D. Lindsley, Samlusky. 
 Matthias II. Nichols, Lima. 
 Edsou P.. Olds, Circleville. 
 Thomas Rili-liie, Somerset. 
 William R. Sapp, Mount Vernon. 
 Wilson Shannon, St. Clairsville. 
 Andrew Stuart, Steuben\ille. 
 .lohn L. Tavlor, Chillicothc. 
 Edward Wade, Cleveland. 
 
 'iTnnk his sent Jtiiroh -1, 18.53; died Xovemlwr 1.5, 18.53. 
 
 'iDi.-d .Iiumary 11, 185,5. 
 
 <■ Appiiiiitrd in place of Moses Norris, deceiised; took his seat January -n, l.s.55. 
 
 ■'.VplKiiTitfil in i)hice of Charles G. Atherton, deceased; took his scat'Deccmher 12, 1853. 
 
 I'Took lii.s seat JIareh 4, 1853. 
 
 .fin place of A. lioodv, resigned October, 18.53. 
 
 ti ResiKned .Inly 3. IX-A. 
 
 I' Ulccii'd in place of Gerrit Smith, resigned: took liis seat December 4, l.s.54. 
 
 ' Kcsinnr.l in lH.>t. 
 
 ./ Elected in iilace of Gilliert Dean, resigned; took his seat December 4, 1854. 
 
 '■Took llis seat Dei'cmhcr 11, 1S54. 
 
174 
 
 CONORKSSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 .Jiiinos CcioiH-r, ri)tt8villo. 
 
 PEXXSVLVAMA. 
 
 ^^E^•ATORH. 
 KK1'KK.SENTA TIVHs. 
 
 fNuiiiii'l A. Briiltres, AlU-iitown. 
 Jofepli H. Chiiiiillcr. I'liilailcliihia. 
 Carltiiii H. Curtis, Wuricn. 
 John I.. I)a\vs(iii, I'lmwiisvillf. 
 John Hi.k. Mca.lvill,-. 
 Anjriistus Driuii, Imliana. 
 William Evcrhait, Wcstc hc-tiT. 
 Thomas h. Kloi-enco, PhiUuli'ljihia. 
 James (tauilile, Jersey Shoiv. 
 Gahislia A. (trow, Cilenwood. 
 Isajic E. Hiestcr, Lan<'aster. 
 Thomas M. Howe, Alle-ilieny City. 
 J. (Jlaiicy Jones," Keadinj;. 
 
 Riflianl Brodheail, Eaaton. 
 
 William II. Kurtz. York. 
 Jolin MrCulloih, Shavers Creek. 
 XiT Miililleswarth, Heavertowii. 
 Jolm MiNair. Norrislown. 
 Henry A. Miihlenherj;.'' Herk.^. 
 .\sa I'aeker. Maurli Chunk. 
 I>aviil Kitihie, Tittslmrt:. 
 .lohn Kolibins, jr., Kensinnlon. 
 Samuel L. Hussell, Uedfonl. 
 Cliristian M. Strauh, I'ottsville. 
 Michael ('. Trout, ."^haron. 
 William II. Witte. Kiilimonil. 
 Ilen.lri.k P.. Wri^'ht. Wilkesl.arr.-. 
 
 riiili|i .Mien, I'roviilence. 
 Thomas- Davis, Providence. 
 
 Anilrew 1'. Ilui ler. Kiltjetield. 
 
 RHODK ISLAND. 
 
 SE.NATOHS. 
 HKl'iaXKNTATlVKS. 
 
 ^iHTII ( AKOl.LVA. 
 
 SKXATOHS. 
 
 Charles T. James, I'rovidence. 
 IVnjamiu \\. Thurston, Ilopkinton. 
 
 .losiah J. Evans, "■ Society Hill. 
 
 William .\iken, Charleston. 
 William W. Hoyce, Winnshoro. 
 Preston S. Brooks, Ninety-Six. 
 
 John Bell, Nashville. 
 
 KKI'RESENTATI V KS. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 >KXATOI{s. 
 RKPRE.SEST.\T1VEM. 
 
 Robert M. V.unti. Lynnlield. 
 William M. Cluirchwell, Knoxville. 
 William Cnllom, Carthajie. 
 Emerson Etherid).'e, Dresden. 
 George W. Jone.", Eayetteville. 
 
 Samuel llnusinn. Iluntsville. 
 Peter II. Bell, Austin. 
 
 TEXAS. 
 
 sKXATORS. 
 KEPRESESTATIVES. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 SKX ATI )RS. 
 
 Ijiwrence Brainerd.' St. .\ltians. 
 .'^olomon Foot, Rutland. 
 
 llKPRESENTATIVliS. 
 
 James Meachain, Midillehury. 
 Alvah Sabin, (ieorifia. 
 
 L. M. Keitt, Orangehurg. 
 John Mi-t-^ueen, >Iarll>oro. 
 James L. Orr. .Vnderson. 
 
 James C. Jones, Mem])his. 
 
 Charles Ready, Murlreeshoro. 
 Sanniel A. Smith, Charleston. 
 Frederick P. Stanton, Memi)his. 
 Nat'l (i. Taylor,'' Happy Valley. 
 Felix K. /ollicoffer, Nashville. 
 
 Thomas J. Husk. Nai'o;;doches. 
 Ileorne W. Smyth, .las|ier. 
 
 Samuel S. Phelps,.'' Miildleluiry. 
 Andrew Tracv, Woodstoi-k. 
 
 o Elwtwl in pl»cc of Henry A. Muhlenberg, deceased; tonk his neat Febniar>- \S. ISW. 
 
 ^nu•l^ .iBnimrv •". itvi. 
 
 rTi".k hinsciii .Murili 4. IR.W. , ,, , ,_, 
 
 'lEkct.-il in jihiie of Bnxjklns fumplioll. (U'cen-Hcil, neoember A l^W. hiiving never luki-n lil» wai; timk his f<c«t 
 
 ••Eloctwl in jilace of Wlllinm fpham, dcfe«.«c<I, ."Samnel S. I"hclp« having been appointed pni Icmpon-; loiik lils »ohI 
 Hfi-imbor 4. 1S.M. 
 ' Apiioinli-il In plare ot Willlnm fpham. dccenseil; t'">k hiswal Jiuniary li". l-vMi. 
 
THIRTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 175 
 
 Robert M. T. Hunter, Lloyds. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Thoma.s II. Baylej', Accomac. 
 Thos. 8. Bocock, Appomattox. 
 John S. Caskie, Riohraond. 
 Henry A. Edmundson, Salem. 
 Charles J. Faulkner, Martinsburg. 
 "William O. Goode, Boyilton. 
 Zedekiah Kidwell, Fairmont. 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 Henry Dod<;e, Dodgeville. 
 
 Benj. C. Eastman, Platteville. 
 John B. Maey, Fond du Lac. 
 
 REPRESENT.VTIVES, 
 
 James JI. Mason, Winchester. 
 
 John Letcher, Lexington. 
 Charles S. Lewis, « Clarksburg. 
 Fayette McMullen, Rye Cove. 
 John S. Millson, Norfolk. 
 Paulus Powell, Amherst. 
 William Smith, Warrenton. 
 John F. Siiodgrass, '^ Parkersburg 
 
 Isaac P. Walker, Milwaukee. 
 Daniel Wells, jr., Milwaukee. 
 
 KANSAS TERRITORY. 
 
 IiEl.EGATE. 
 
 J. W. Whittield, 'Tecumseh. 
 MINNESOTA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Henry M. Rice, St. Paul. 
 NEBRASKA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEG.\TE. 
 
 Napoleon B. Giddings.'' 
 TERRITORY OF NEW ilEXICO. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Jose Manuel (rallegos, ' -Alljiuiuenjue. 
 OREGON TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Joseph Lane, Winchester. 
 UTAH TERRITORY. 
 
 JlELEGATE. 
 
 John M. Bernhisel, Salt Lake City. 
 WASHINGTON TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Columbia Lancaster,.^' St. Helena. 
 
 " Elected in place of John F. Snodgrass, deeea-sed; took his seat December 4, 1854. 
 
 SDied Junes, ia>l. 
 
 I- Took his seat December 20. 18W. 
 
 rfTook hi.s seal January 5, 1S5.5. 
 
 (■Took his seat Deceml)er 5, 1853. 
 
 /Took his seat .\pril 12, 1S54. 
 
Tin KT Y-FOUIIT] [ CONGIIESS. 
 
 y-Vrji/ wwifoi, /V(i«i heremlivr :i, JS.'>S, lo Ahi/iikI IS, ISoli. Siroiul session, from Auifust SI, 1C5G, to Auijitst SO, 
 1S5U. Third session, front Ihronhcr 1, 185G, to March .i, 1857. 
 
 Virc-J'rcsideiit." ]'resiile»ts of the Sinnle j>ri> tempore. — Jesse T). BHionr, of Indiana, again elected 
 June 11, ls.=)ti; CiiAHi.Es K. 8TrAiiT, of ^lichifran, olected June 9, lS.5ti; James M. >Ia«on, of Virginia, 
 I'lt'cted January (>, \Hn7. Secrelnri/ of the Senttle. — AsiiiKY Dkkexs, of Xorth Carolina. 
 
 Sjieiiher if the lloiisi: — Natiiami;i, 1'. Hanks, of Massaohusotts, Clerks of tlie Ifoitxc. — John W. 
 l-'oKXEV, of renus-ylvania; William Cillom, of TennL'sset', elected February 4, 1850. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 SEXAToK-S. 
 
 Clement C Clay, jr. Huntsville. Benjamin Fitzpatrick, Wetumpka. 
 
 HKI'KESEXTaTIVIIS. 
 
 Williamson K. W. C'ol)l), Hellrlonte. 
 James !•". Dowdell, Chambers. 
 Sanqisoiv W. Harris, Wetumjika. 
 George .S. Houston, Athens. 
 
 Kli S. Sb.irli'r, Kiifaula. 
 William K. Smith, Favette. 
 IVrev Walker, Mobile". 
 
 AKKANSAS. 
 
 SKXATOIiS. 
 
 Robert W. .Tohiison, I'iiie Bluff.s. William K. Sebastian, Helena. 
 
 HKI'KESKXTATl VES. 
 Alfred li. tireenwoiiil, Kcnlnnville. Albert Kiist, Kl Dorado. 
 
 CALIFOKMA. 
 
 SENATOKS. 
 
 William M. (_i\vin,''San Francisco. John I?. Weller, San Francisco. 
 
 liKl'URSEXTATlVlX. 
 
 Jame." W. Oeiiver. Weavervilli'. rhileinoii T. HcrlKTt, MariposwCity. 
 
 CONNKCTU'tT. 
 
 SEXATOKS. 
 Ijjfayette S. Foster, Niirwicli. Iwiai- TmuH y, Ilartlcird. 
 
 HKl'UKSE.VTATIV h>. 
 
 Kzni Clark, jr.. llartlnnl. William W. Wel.h, Norfi>lk. 
 
 Sidney iH'aii. riilnaiii 
 
 .lohn Wciiidniff, New Haven. 
 
 HKI.AWAKK. 
 
 »EX.\TOHS. 
 
 James A. Bayard. Wilmington. 
 John M. Clayton, •' Chiiipewa. 
 
 HEeKhXKXTATIVK. 
 
 Klisha 1). Cullen. tieorgetown 
 
 ,To.-«'pli P. Conii-gys,'' Dover. 
 
 n Wllllnm R. Ktnc. Vlrel'ivj'lcii'iit o( the fnitcfl Stnlci, illi-il April W, IKM. 
 I'TiKik hlsst'iil Fi-linmrv Ic'i. 1n.'>T. 
 
 ••IMl'll Ni.Vl-IlllHT'.l. ls."nl. 
 
 '' ApiMtlntt-*! in pliUH* ft Jnlin M. Clnylitn. iIwoh-mmI; ttwik his wal 1 KhviiiIkt 4, IsM. 
 
 17<i 
 
THIRTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 
 
 177 
 
 FLORIDA. 
 
 .SENATORS. 
 
 Stephen R. Mallory, Key West. David L. Yulee, Homasassa. 
 
 REPRE.SENT.\TIVE. 
 
 Augustus E. JIaxwell, Tallahassee. 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 Alfred Iverson, Columbus. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Howell Cobb, Athens. 
 Martin J. Crawford, Columbus. 
 Nathaniel G. Foster, INladison. 
 John II. Lumpkin, Home. 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 Stephen A. Douglas, Chicago. 
 
 REPRESENT.iTIVES. 
 
 James C. Allen,'' Palestine. 
 Jacob C. Davis, '' Warsaw. 
 Thomas L. Harris, Petersburg. 
 James Knox, Knoxville. 
 S. S. Marshall,'' McLeansboro. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 Jesse D. Bright, 5* Madison. 
 
 REPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 Lucien Barbour, Indianapolis. 
 Samuel Brenton, Fort \\'ayne. 
 Schuyler Colfax, South Bend. 
 AVilliam Cumback, (ireensburg. 
 (ieorge G. Dunn, Bedford. 
 William H. English, Lexington. 
 
 Robert Toombs, Washington. 
 
 James L. Seward, Thomasville. 
 Alex. H. Stephens, Crawfordville. 
 Robert P. Tripjie, Forsyth. 
 Hiraiu Warner, Greenville. 
 
 Lyman Trumbull," Alton. 
 
 Jas. L. D. Morrison,'' Belleville. 
 Jesse O. Norton, Jolict. 
 William A. Richardson,./' Quincy. 
 Elihu B. Washburne, Galena. 
 James II. Woodworth, Chicago. 
 
 Graham N. Fitch,'' Loganaport. 
 
 David P. Holloway, Richmond. 
 Daniel Mace, Lafayette. 
 Smith Miller, Patoka. 
 John U. Pettit, Wabash. 
 Harvey D. Scott, Terre Haute. 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 James Harlan, :\Iount Pleasant. George W. Jones, Dubuque. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Augustus Hall, ' Keosauqua. James Thorington, Davenport. 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John J. Crittenden, Frankfort. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Henry C. Burnett, Cadiz. 
 John'P. Campbell, Belleview. 
 Leander M. Cox, Flemingsburg. 
 John M. Elliott, Prestonljurg. 
 Joshua H. Jewett, Elizabethtown. 
 
 John B. Thompson, Harrodsburg. 
 
 Alex. K. Marshall, Nichola.sviIle. 
 
 Humphrey Marshall, Springport. 
 
 Samuel F. Swope, Falmouth. 
 
 Albert G. Talbott, Danville. 
 
 Warner L. Underwood, Bowling Green. 
 
 a Eloctoii Senator, and took his seat December 3, 18.').5. 
 
 ''Eleotion contested by William B. Archer, and seat declared vacant; subsequently elected at new election, and took his 
 seat December 1. IR.W. , 
 
 c Elcilcd in phii'c of William A.Richardson, resigned; took his seat December 4, 1856. 
 ti Klcction unsuccessfully contested by G. Jay S. Turnev. 
 
 e Elected in pliicc of I.yman Trumbull, elected Senator; took his seat December 1, 1856. 
 /KesiKlicd Aii^'list J.'). 1S.1I3. 
 t/Presidrnl |iro tciniiorc. 
 '■Took his seat February 9, 1857. 
 » Election uusuecessfully contested by R. G. B. Clarke. 
 
 H. Doc. -±58 12 
 
178 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Juiliih P. Rpnjainin, New Orleans. 
 
 REPRESENT ATI VE.S. 
 
 Thomas (t. Haviilt'oii, Livingston. 
 George EiiHtis, jr.," New Orleans. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 William I'ilt Fessenden, Portland. 
 Hannibal Hamlin,'' Hampden. 
 
 KEl'HESENTATIVES. 
 
 Sanuiel P. Benson, Winthrop. 
 Thomas J. D. Fnller,-' Calais. 
 Ebenezer Knowlton, South Montville. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 .SENATORS. 
 
 James A. Pearce, Chestertown. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE.S. 
 
 Thus. F. Howie, Upper Marlboro. 
 H. Winter Oavis, Haltimore. 
 J. Morrison Harris, Baltimore. 
 
 John .'^lidell, New Orleans. 
 
 John >L i^andidge, Pineville. 
 Miles Taylor, Donaldsonville. 
 
 .\nios Nourse, ■' Bath. 
 
 John J. Perry, Oxford. 
 Israel Wa.shburn, jr., Orono. 
 John M. Woo<l, Portland. 
 
 Thomas O. Pratt, .\nnapolis. 
 
 Henry W. Hoffman, Cmnberland. 
 James B. Ric-aiid, Chestertown. 
 James A. .Stewart, Cambridge. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Charles Sumner, Boston. 
 
 KKI'RESENTATIVES. 
 
 Nathaniel P. Ranks,' Waltham. 
 James Biilhnton, Kail Kiver. 
 Anson Hiirliiigame, Cainbriilge. 
 Calvin C. Chaffee, .'-^pringlieM. 
 l.,inns B. Comins, Koxbury. 
 William S. Danirell, Dedham. 
 
 Lewis Cass, Detroit. 
 
 William .V. Howanl, Detroit. 
 George W. Peck, Lansing. 
 
 Stephen Adams, Aberdeen. 
 
 William Barksdale, Colnmbns. 
 Hendley S. Beimett, Grenada. 
 William A. l^tke, Vieksburg. 
 
 Henry S. Geyer, St. Lonis. 
 
 MICHIGAN. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 MI.SSISSIPPI. 
 SENATORS. 
 
 HEPRE.SENTATIVES. 
 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Henry Wilson, Natick. 
 
 Timothy Davis, (iloncester. 
 Alexander He Witt, Oxford. 
 Robert B. Hall. Plymouth. 
 Chauncev L. Knapp. Lowell. 
 Mark Trafton, Westlield. 
 
 Charles E. Stuart,.'" Kalamazoo. 
 
 David S. Walbridge. Kalamazoo. 
 Heiirv WaldroM, Hillsdale. 
 
 Alliert (i. P.r. 
 
 Ninvton. 
 
 HEPHESENTATIVES 
 
 Thomas P. Akers,'' Ixixington. 
 Sam'l Carnthers, Cape <iirardeau. 
 Luther ^L Kemiett, St. Lonis, 
 James J. Lindlev, Montieello. 
 
 John A. Quitman, Natchez. 
 Daniel B. Wright, .Salem. 
 
 James Stephens Cireeu,? Canton. 
 
 John O. Miller, ' Boonville. 
 Mordeeai Oliver, Richmond. 
 John S. Phelps. Springlield. 
 Gilchrist Porter, Hannibal. 
 
 n Eleotlon iirmiocessfiilly c<iiili*te<l by Albert rthre. 
 
 ''Ke-iis'iU'^t January 7, 1>^'>7. liaN'in^ tn'on olorttnl p<ivemor. 
 
 '•.MiIHiinlcil in i>larc <>{ llaniiilial llnnilln. ri'.«iKiii(l, Icx.k his sral .laniiary J 
 
 ''Klt-riion iinMHTt'«^.*fnI'y ei.nloic*! t>y Jaiut-s A. Millikcn. 
 
 '■EU'cird spuakcT Krlinmry ■-•. Is.'i4l. 
 
 / Eli'ctfil l'ri'.«i<linl p'.i IfiliiMiri' June 9, 1S5(!. 
 
 l/TiM)k his soat January Jl. ls.'>7. 
 
 A EliMlti] In place of John 0. Milkr, decpnsoil; took hiB sent Aneiisl IS, 1(«6. 
 
 'Dlwl May 11, IW6. 
 
THIRTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 179 
 
 James Bell, Laconia. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES'. 
 
 Aaron H. Cragin, Lebanon. 
 James Pike, South Newmarket. 
 
 John P. Hale, Dover. 
 
 Mason W. Tappan, Bradford. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John R. Thomson, Trenton. William Wright, Newark. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 James Bishop, New Brunswick. 
 Isaiah D. Clawson, Woodstown. 
 Alex. C. M. Pennington, Newark. 
 
 Geo. R. Robbins, Hamilton Square. 
 George Vail, IMorristown. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 Hamilton Fish, New York. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Henry Bennett, New Berlin. 
 Thomas Childs, jr.," New Y'ork. 
 Bayard Clarke, New York. 
 Samuel Dickson, New Scotland. 
 Edward Dodd, Argyle. 
 Francis S. Edwards, * Fredonia. 
 Thomas T. Flagler, Lockport. 
 William A. Gilbert,'' Adams. 
 Amcjs P. Granger, Syracii.se. 
 Solomon G. Haven, Buffalo. 
 Thomas R. Ilorton, Fultonville. 
 Jonas A. Hughston, Delhi. 
 John Kelly, New Y'ork. 
 William H. Kelsev, Geneseo. 
 Rufus H. King, Catskill. 
 ( )rsamus B. ilatteson, '' Utica. 
 Andrew Z. McCartv, Pulaski. 
 
 William H. Seward, Auburn. 
 
 Killian Miller, Hudson. 
 Edwin B. Morgan, Aurora. 
 Ambrose S. Murray, (Toshen. 
 Andrew Oliver, Penn Yan. 
 John ^I. Parker, Owego. 
 Guy R. Peltijn, New York. 
 Benjamin Pringle, Batavia. 
 Russell Sage, Troy. 
 George A. Simmons, Keeseville. 
 Francis E. Spinner, Mohawk, 
 .lames S. T. Stranaiian,Brooklvn. 
 William W. Valk, Flushing. 
 Aljram \\'akeman, New Y'ork. 
 John Wheeler, New York. 
 Thomas R. Whitney, New York. 
 John Williams, Rochester. 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 .\sa Biggs, Williamston. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Lawrence O'B. Branch, Raleigh. 
 Thomas L. Clingman, Asheville. 
 Burton Craige, Salisbury. 
 Robert T. Paine, Edenton. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 David S. Reid, Pleasantville. 
 
 Richard C. Puryear, Huntsville 
 Edwin (t. Reade, Roxboro. 
 Thamas Rutlin, (ioldsboro. 
 Warren Winslow, Fayetteville. 
 
 George E. Pugh, Cincinnati. 
 
 SEN.iTOHS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Charles J. Albright, Cambridge. 
 Edward Ball, Zanesville. 
 John A. Bingham, Cadiz. 
 Philemon Bliss, Elyria. 
 Lewis D. Campbell, Hamilton. 
 Timothy C. Day, Cincinnati. 
 Joseph R. Emrie, Hill.sboro. 
 Samuel Galloway, Columbus. 
 Joshua R. Giddings, Jefferson. 
 Aarnn Harlan, Yellow Springs. 
 John Scott Harrison, Cleves. 
 
 Benjamin F. Wade, Jefferson. 
 
 Valentine B. Horton, Pomeroy. 
 Benjannn F. Leiter, Canton. 
 Oscar F. Jloore, Portsmouth. 
 Richard Mott, Toledo. 
 Matthias H. Nichols, Lima. 
 William H. Sapp, Jlount Vernon. 
 John Sherman, Mansfield. 
 Benjamin Stanton, Bellefontaine. 
 Edward Wade, Cleveland. 
 Cooper K. Watson, Tiffin. 
 
 'I Never look his seat owing to prolonged illness, o Resigned February 28, 1857. o Resigned February 27, l.s.=i7 
 
IbU C()NOKKSSU»>AI. DlUKi ItiKY. 
 
 I'KNNSYI.VAMA. 
 
 SKN ATIIH!<. 
 
 Williiiiii IViL'l.T, riiila.lclpliia. Ki.liunl Ilio.lhca.l, Ka-lon. 
 
 HKI'ia^KXTATIVh-S. 
 
 John Allison, New IJrijihton. J. (ilancv .lonc-i, Hca>liii);. 
 
 David HiirclMy. I'nnxsiitavvru-y. Joiiatlimi Kiiisilil, ICa.-! Kethk-lieni. 
 
 SamiU'lC. lirailsliaw, liiml<iTtiiwii. .Inliii t". Kiinkfl, Ilairistnirs.'. 
 
 ■lacoh itriii I'liilaili'lpliia. William Millwanl, I'liiladcli'liia. 
 
 .loliii CailwalailiT, l'liilacl<'l|iliia. Asa raikor, .Manch Cluiiik. 
 
 .laiiH'H II. Caiiiiihi'll, I'liltsvillc. .lolm ,1. IVaivc. \Villiaiiis|Miil. 
 
 .Iiiliii Cuvnili', l.(Mk|i(iil Station. SarniU'l .\. I'nrviainc, Unlli-r. 
 
 .Idhn liiik, Mcailvillc. Havi.l Hitiliir, IMttsl.nij:. 
 
 .lolin K. Ivlir, SiiiiuTsi't. Aniliiiiiy I'".. UolH-rt.", Lancaster. 
 
 Tlionia.-' 15. KlDrcMcc, I'liiladflpliia. David !•". Udliisoii, fhanibiTsliiirg. 
 
 Hern y M. iMillcr, Wilkc-hanv. Lcnniel Todd, Carlisle, 
 
 (iainsliu .\. (irow, (ileiiwood. .loh K. Tyson, lMiilail<l]iliia. 
 .lolin Hickman, West Clii-titLT. 
 
 IMloliK l.'^l.AXD. 
 
 SKN.\T()R.S. 
 
 Pliili]) .\llcn. I*rovidi'nc(>. CliarK's T. James, rrovideiite. 
 
 UKIMSKSKXTATIVKS. 
 
 Natlmniel It. Dvirfee, Tiverton. I'.enjaniiii H. TlnirstoM. Ilopkintoii. 
 
 SOUTH I'AKOI.INA. 
 
 SEN.XTOIts. 
 Andri-w I". Untler, Kdjielield. .losiali .1. K vans. Society Hill. 
 
 HKl'HKSKNTATIVKS. 
 
 AVilliaiii .\ikeii, ('liail(>ston. I.. M. Keitt.'' (>nin<;el>nrit. 
 
 William W. Boyce, Winnsboro. .lolm Mct^u-en, Marlboro. 
 
 Preston S. IJrooks,'' Ninetysix. .lames L. Orr, Anderson. 
 
 TKXXKSSKK. 
 
 SEXATOKS. 
 
 .lobii Bi'll, Nasbville. .lames ('. .b.nes, .Mem|>liis. 
 
 ItKI'KKSEXTATlVKS. 
 
 Emerson F.tberidpo, Dres<len. Samuel .V. Smith, Charleston, 
 
 (ieorfie \V. .lones, Kayelti'ville. William II. Sneed, Knoxville. 
 
 (."harle.s Heady, Mnrt'reesboro. A. (i. Walkins, Panther Sprinjp*. 
 
 Thomas Kivei-s, .Somerville. .lohn V. Wriirht. I'unly. 
 
 .biliM II. Savage, .Smithville. Kelix K. Zolliiol'i'er, Nashville. 
 
 TKXAS. 
 
 8ESATOHS. 
 
 .Simnel Houston, llnntsvilU'. Thomas. I. Uii.-k, Naiivdoelies. 
 
 1IEI"RESI:XTATIVKS. 
 
 1". II. Pell, .\nstin. Lemuel D. Kvan.s, Maivlm'. 
 
 vianioNT. 
 
 SENATolts. 
 
 •lueob Collamer, Woodstock. .Solomon Foot, Untland. 
 
 HEfHl-StKXTATlVt>. 
 
 lieorne T. Hodges,'' Untland. Jnsliii S. Morrill, Sirall'ord. 
 
 James Muueham,'' Middlebury. Alvali 8abiu, iieorgia. 
 
 nKoslKiicl .liily II, 1S.V.. »ubHf.niiMilly rrolorliHl. nnd li»>l> lil« »<al AiiKU*! 1. is.iil; (llttljiiinmr.v JT, 1S57. 
 '• l<e^lKiii'<l Jiilv l(i. K*>: Milwi'inunlly rivliilin, unit IikiI; lii>...iit Au>:\i«i i'.. IVxi. 
 ■■ Klicliil ill (iliiru o( Jiiuiu.H Mviu'lmiii. .I.i .-.i-.l i.hiI; hi. ..m Hi. .iiilKr t, IVxi. 
 ''Dliil Adi^UMt Zi, 1866. 
 
TUIKTV-KOUKTII CONGRESS. 181 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 SKNATdKS. 
 
 Eolicrt M. T. Iliiiitcr, Lloyds. ,7aine.s M. Ma-snii," Winclioptor. 
 
 UKl'KKKHNTATIVKS. 
 
 Thomas II. Hayloy,'' Accomac. William (). (ioorto, Boydton. 
 
 Thos. S. liocock, .\|i|ioiiiattox. Zcilckiali Kidwi'll, Fairniount. 
 
 •Toliii S. Carlile, Clarkstmrg. John Letcher, Le.xington. 
 
 .lohii S. Caskie, Richinund! Kayette JleiMullen. Kyeeovo. 
 
 Henry A. Ivhnnndson, Salem. .Tolin .S. Millscjn, Xorl'olk. 
 
 C;harles.l. Faulkner, Martinshnrg. I'auhis I'owell, .\ndierst. 
 
 Museoe K. li. Garnett,'-' l>loyds. William .Smith, Warrenton. 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 Jlenry Hodge, Dodgeville. (Charles Durki'c, Kenosha. 
 
 UKI'RKSKNTATIVKS. 
 
 Charles Billinghnrst, .luneau. Daniel Wells, jr., .Milwaukee. 
 
 C. C. Wasldinrne, .Mineral Point. 
 
 KANSAS TKRKITOUY. 
 
 DKI.KfiATE. 
 John W, Whittielil,'' Teeumseh. 
 
 MINNKSOTA TERKITGKY. 
 
 I)KI,E<iATE. 
 
 Henry .M. Riee, St. Paul. 
 NEBKASK.\ TKKKITttKY. 
 
 IIKI.EIIATE. 
 
 Bird 1'.. Chapnian,' Omaha City. 
 TKRRITOKY OF NKW MEXICO. 
 
 l>EI.K(iATES. 
 Jose Manuel Gallegos, ./' .Mhuiiuercjue. Miguel A. Otero,'/ All)Uc|UerijU(^ 
 
 OREGON TERRITOKY. 
 
 l)EI,E(iATE. 
 / 
 
 Joseph Lane, Winchester. 
 TIT.MI TKKRITORY. 
 
 HKI.EG.VrE. 
 
 John .M. IJeridiisel, Salt Lake City. 
 WASUiNifTON TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 J. I'altou .Anderson, Olympia. 
 
 a Elc'cleil President pro tempore January (i, 18.57. 
 
 I> Died .June 23, IWxl. 
 
 cElccted in place of Tliomns IX. Bayley, deceased; t(«ik his sent DeecinlxT 1, ls.i6. 
 
 rfSeat was declared \ticaiit .\\iKiist 1. IH.%. 
 
 '^Election unsuccessfully conti-stcd Ijy Hiram P. Beniietl . 
 
 /Election .successfully ci)nteste(i by Miguel A. Otero. 
 
 BSuccessfully contested the electibi; o£ Jos(5 Manuel Clallegos; took his scat July 23, 1856 
 
TlIlirrV-FlFTll CONGRESS. 
 
 First nfufiou froiii Deceiiilwr 7, /A>r, /'» ./iinf 14, 1S58. SichikI sfnnion frfiin Ihieinlier «, IS'iS, to 
 
 Miirrh 3, J8o9. 
 
 \'ici'-l'nviiln)l. — Jonx ('. BiiKcKiNuiixiE, of Kentucky. J'ir.iidents of the Sinnle pro lenipiiri. — Jamks 
 M. Mason, of Vir^'iiiia, elected March 4, 1,S57, in special session; Thomas J. RfsK, of Texas, electeii 
 March 14, 1.H57, in special session; Hkx.iamix Fitzi'Atrick, of Alahania, electeii December 7, 1857, 
 again elected March 29, ISiiS, asiain elected June 14, 1858, and ajjain elected January 25, 1859. .Serrrluni 
 oftlir SiiKiti: — .VsmuY Dukkxs, of Xorlh Carolina. 
 
 Sjirakfr of the Hume. — Ja.mes L. Oku. of South Carolina. Clerk of Ihe Ilo'iw. — Ja.mes C. Allen, of 
 Illinois. 
 
 Al.Al'.AMA. 
 senators. 
 
 Clement C. Clay, jr., llnntsville. 
 
 uepresentativks. 
 
 W'ilhanison K. W. C'ohb, Bellefonte. 
 Jahcz K. M. Currv, Talladega. 
 James F. Dowdell, Chand)ers. 
 CJeorge S. Houston, Athens. 
 
 AKKANSAS. 
 
 Benjamin Fitzpatrick," Wetumpka. 
 
 .■^yilenham Moore, (ireenshoro. 
 
 Kli S. Shorter, Kufaula. 
 
 James A. Stallworth, Evergreen. 
 
 senators. 
 Kobort W. Johnson, Pine Bluffs. 
 
 REI'KESENTA'nVES. 
 
 Alfred 1'.. (inH-Mwiiod, lieiitoliville. 
 
 William K. Seliastian, Helena. 
 
 Kdward .\. Warren. Camden. 
 
 CALIFORNIA. 
 
 David C. Broderick.''San Francisco. 
 
 REI'RE.SKXTATI V ES. 
 
 Josejdi C. Mc'Kibbin. Downieville. 
 
 William M. (iwin. .Sin Francisi-o. 
 
 Charles 1,. Scott. Sonora. 
 
 James Dixon,'' Ilarlford. 
 
 CONNKCTICl'T. 
 
 -KN.tTOKs. 
 RKI'RESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 Samuel Arnold, Iladdam. 
 William 1 1. Itishop. BridgeiMirt 
 
 "KlofloU I'resiilcnt pro U'iiiiH)n.' Dciinn" i ., i^^; 
 
 Ijifavetle S. Foster, Norwich 
 
 Kzra Clark, jr., Hartford. 
 Sidney Dean, Pntnani. 
 
 '■Ti»>k hissral Mnn-li ■!. J»". 
 182 
 
THIRTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 183 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Martin W. Bates," Dover. James A. Bayard, Wilmington. 
 
 KEPRKSENTATI V E. 
 
 Williuiii (t. Wliitfley, Newcastle. 
 FLORIDA. 
 
 SENWTORS. 
 
 Stephen R. Mallory, Key West. David L. Yulee, Homasassa. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 George S. Hawkins, Pensacola. 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 Alfred Iversnn, Columbns. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Martin .T. Crawford, Coluiubus. 
 Lucius J. Gartrell, Atlanta. 
 Joshua Hill, Madi.-^on. 
 James Jackson. Athens. 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 Stephen A. Douglas, Chicago. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE.-: 
 
 John F. Farnsworth, Chicago. 
 Thomas L. Harris, '' Petersburg. 
 Charles D. Hodges, '' Carrollton. 
 William Kellogg, Canton. 
 Owen Lovejoy, Princeton. 
 
 Jesse D. Bright,'' Jeffersonville. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Samuel Brenton. <" 
 Charles Case, Fort Wayne. 
 Schuyler Colfax, South Bend, 
 John G. Davis, Rockville. 
 William H. English, Lexington. 
 James B. Foley, Greensburg. 
 James 31. Gregg, Danville. 
 
 Robert Toombs, Washington. 
 
 James L. Seward, Thomasville. 
 Alex. H. Stephens, Crawfordville. 
 Robert P. Trippe, Forsyth. 
 Augustus R. Wright, Rome. 
 
 Lvman Trumlnill, Alton. 
 
 Saml. S. ^larshall. ^IcLeansboro. 
 Isaac N. Morris, Quincy. 
 Aaron Shaw, Lawrenceville. 
 Robert Smith, Alton. 
 Elihu B. Washburne, Galena. 
 
 Graham N. Fitch," Losransport. 
 
 James Hughes, Bloomington. 
 Daviii Kilgore, Yorktown. 
 James Lockhart. .'' 
 William E. Nibiack, Vincennes. 
 Jolm r. Pettit, Wabash. 
 James Wilson. Crawfordsville. 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 James Harlan, Blount Pleasant. 
 
 George W. Junes, Dul)Uiiue. 
 
 REPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 Samuel R. Curtis, Keokuk. Timothy Davis, Dubuque. 
 
 " Elected in place of John M. Clayton, deceased. .Toseph P. Comegya haring been appointed pro tempore: took his seat 
 December 6. LSaS. 
 fi Died November 24, 1S,>S. 
 
 (■ Elected in place of Thoma.s L. Harri.s, deceased: took his seat January, 1859. 
 (' Election vuisuccessfuUy contested. 
 e Died March 29, 1857. 
 / Died September 7. 1857. 
 
184 CONUKEdSIUNAL UIKKtTuKY. 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John .T. Criftcndin, l>aiiklnrt. John B. Thompson, TIarro<lpburg. 
 
 HEPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Henry C. Burnett, Ciuliz. 
 JatMOS H. ('lav, l-exinfitoii. 
 John M. Klliott, IVt'stonlMirsr. 
 Jdslma II. .Icwctt. Elizaliftlitown. 
 Huiiii)hrey Man^liall, Spriiitrport. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SEXATOKS. 
 
 Jiulah p. Benjamin, New Orleans. 
 
 REI'EtESEXTATlVES. 
 
 Thomas G. Davidson, East Feliciana. 
 George Eustis, jr., New Orleans. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 .SEXATOR.«. 
 
 William Pitt Fessenden, Portland. 
 
 KEI'RESESTATIVE--i. 
 
 Neheniiah Abbott, Belfast. 
 Stephen ('. Foster, Pembroke. 
 Charles .1. Oilman, Brunswii-k. 
 
 John C. Mason, Owingsville. 
 
 Samnel O. Peyton, Hartford, 
 
 John W. Stevenson, Covintiton. 
 
 Albert G. Talbntt, Danville. 
 
 Warner L. Underwood, Bowling Green. 
 
 .John Slide]], New Orleans. 
 
 John M. Sandiiige, Pineville. 
 Miles Tavlor, Donaldson^lle. 
 
 Hannibal Handin, Hampden. 
 
 Freeman H. Morse, Bath. 
 Israel Washburn, jr., Orono. 
 John M. Wood. Portland. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 SEXATOK.s. 
 
 Anthony Kennedy," Baltimore. 
 
 HEPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Thos. F. Bowie, Upper I\larlboro. 
 H. Winter Davis,'' Baltimore. 
 J. Morrison Harris, ■■ Baltimore. 
 
 James A. Pearee, Chestertown. 
 
 Jacob M. Kunkel, Freilerick. 
 James B. Ricaud, Chestertown. 
 James A. Stewart, Cand)ridge. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 Charles Sumner,'' Boston. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Nathaniel P. Banks, < Waltham. 
 James Hiillintoii. Fall River. 
 Anson Burlingame, Cambridge. 
 Calvin C. Chaffee, Springfield. 
 Linus B. Comins, Boston. 
 William S. Damrell, Dedham. 
 
 Henrv Wilson, Natii-k. 
 
 Timothy Davis, tiloncester. 
 Henrv L. Dawes, North .Vilams. 
 
 Daniel W. <; -h, .' Melrose. 
 
 Robert B. Hall. Plymouth. 
 Chauiuey L. Knapp, Lowell. 
 Eli Thayer, Worcester. 
 
 MICHIGAN. 
 
 Zachariah Chandler," Detroit. 
 
 William .\. Howard, Detroit. 
 DeWitt C. lA-ach, Lansing. 
 
 REPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Charles E. Stuart, Kalamazoo. 
 
 David S. AValbridge. Kalamazoo. 
 Henrv Waldrun, Hillsilale. 
 
 oTook bin seal Man-h 4. 1857. 
 
 fcKlfctlon iiiisiicrc.><sfiilly cimloMert by Henry P. Bmoka. 
 
 ••EliTllnii iinsiicri'ysfiill.v riimisiiil by William PInkney Whyip. 
 
 ffliKl mil liiko bis !^-at MuriiiK (be session. 
 
 'RcxlKiicd Dfccmbur 24. lS.i<. 
 
 /Elected Id place of Nathaniel P. Banks, rojiigne<1; took hin seat January 21. 1S.V<. 
 
THIRTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 
 
 185 
 
 MINNESOTA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Henry M. Rice/' St. Paul. James Shields." 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 James M. Cavauaugh,'' Chatfield. William W. Phelps,'' Red Wing 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 Albert G. Brown, Newton. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William Barksdale, Columbus. 
 Reuben Davis, Aberdeen. 
 Lucius Q. C. Lamar, Abbeville. 
 
 James S. Green, Canton. 
 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Thomas L. Anderson, Palm)-ra. 
 Francis P. Blair, jr., St. Louis. 
 Samuel Caruthers, Cape Girardeau. 
 John B. Clark, Fayette. 
 
 Jefferson Davis, '' Hurricane. 
 
 John J. McRae,'' State Line. 
 John A. Quitman, > Natchez. 
 Otho R. Singleton, Canton. 
 
 Trusten Polk, •■ St. Louis 
 
 James Craig, St. Joseph. 
 John S. Phelps, Springfield. 
 Samuel H. Woodson, Indei^endence. 
 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 James Bell../' 
 
 Daniel Clark,!/ Manchester. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 Aaron Cragin, Lebanon. 
 James Pike, Sanbornton Bridge. 
 
 John P. Hale, Dover. 
 
 Mason W. Tappan, Bradford. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John R. Thomjison, Princeton. William Wright. Newark. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Garnett B. Adrain, New Brunswick. 
 Isaiah D. Clawsun, Woodstown. 
 John Huyler, Hackensack. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 Geo. R. Robbins, Hamilttm Square. 
 Jacob R. Wortendyke, Jersev Citv. 
 
 Preston King, '' Ogdensburg. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Samuel G. Andrews, Rochester. 
 Thomas J. Barr,/' New York. 
 Henry Bennett, New Berlin. 
 Silas M. Burroughs, Me<lina. 
 Horace F. Clark, New York. 
 Clark B. Cochrane, Schenectady. 
 John Cochrane, New York. 
 Erastua Corning, Albany. 
 
 WiUiam H. Sewai'd, Auburn. 
 
 Edward Dodd, Argyle. 
 Reuben E. Fenton, Frewsburg. 
 Henry C. Goodwin. Hamilton. 
 Amos P. Granger, Syracuse. 
 John B. Haskin, Fordham. 
 Israel T. Hatch, Buffalo. 
 Charles B. Hoard, Watertown. 
 John Kelly, « New York. 
 
 ■■Took his seat Mav 12, 1858. 
 
 li Took his seat Mav 22, 1858. 
 
 cTook his seat Mai-ch 4, 1857. 
 
 rf EU'cte-i in filaee of John A. Quitman, deceased; took his seat December 7. 1858. 
 
 fllif.l .lulv 17, 1S6,S. 
 
 /Die.i .May 26, l»ii7. 
 
 ff Elected in place of James Bell, deceased, May 26, 1857; look his seat December 7, 18.57. 
 
 '' Elected in place of .John Kelly, resigned; took his seat January 17, 1859. 
 
 • Resigned December 25, 1858. 
 
l^('. 
 
 t'UNlJKKSSIUNAL DlUKlTiiKV. 
 
 Willinin 11. Kclsov, (icnoseo. 
 Uilliiiin H. M:iil:iy, New York. 
 t)i>aiinis B. M;itk'.«()ii, I'lica. 
 Ivhvin li. Ml>r^tall, Auinni. 
 Oliwr .\. Morse, Clierry Valley. 
 .\inlinisc .'^. Miiiniy, (iiwlien. 
 Ahraiii M. < >iiii, Tmy. 
 iii-ornc \V. raliiuT, I'Uittslimv. 
 Jiihn M. I'arkur, Oweirn. 
 
 I'',m.iiy li. I'ottlo, Naples. 
 Willlaiu 1'". Kiivsell. Sau^ertie.". 
 .1. .\. Seal ill'.', Ileiii|i.s!eail Hraneli. 
 .Iiiil»iii W. Slierinaii, Anneliea. 
 Daniel K. Sickles, New Yiirk. 
 Knineis K. Spinner, Muliawk. 
 (iec>rt;e Taylor, Unjoklyii. 
 .lolin Tlioni])«()n, IVmjrhkeepsie. 
 IClijah Want, New York. 
 
 NORTH t'AKoLlNA. 
 
 Asa HinS'''" Willianiston. 
 Thonia.x L. Clin-rnian,'' .\sluville. 
 
 Daviil S. H,-iil, I'li-awmlville. 
 
 UEI'R»»EXT.\TIVRs 
 
 Lawrenee ( I' I'l. Knincli, lialei;;li. 
 Tlii>iiias L. Clinjinian,'' As-heville. 
 liiirton (rai^e, Salisluiry. 
 ,Io|in .\. (iilnier, (ireelishoro. 
 Tlioniii.-' Kutlin, (.ioKl.il )uro. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 sKN.\TOK.S. 
 
 George 1). rni-'''. Cincinnati. 
 
 liKI'UKSKMATIVK-. 
 
 ,Tiihn \. Bintrhani, I'ailiz. 
 I'liilenion lili.-'s, Klyria. 
 .losepli Hnrns. Coslioeton. 
 l,i-«is D. C'ainpliell,'' Haniiltiin. 
 .losepli U. Coekerill, West I'nioii. 
 Samuel S. (,'ox, Columbus. 
 ,I.isliua K. (Jidilin^s, Jefferson. 
 William S. Croeslieck, Cincinnati. 
 Lawrence W. Hall, Bncyrus. 
 Aaron Harlan, Yellow Spriufjs. 
 \'aleutine B. Horton, Pouieroy. 
 
 Delazon Sniitli,.' I'ortlam 
 
 Allrci .M. Scales. .Ma.lison. 
 Henry .M. Sliaw, Imlian Town. 
 Zeliuloii I!. \'anie, ■ .\slieville. 
 Warren Winslow, Favetteville. 
 
 lliiijamiii 1". Waile. .leffersnn. 
 
 William Lawrence. Washington. 
 Benjamin V. Leiter, Canton, 
 .losepli Miller, Chillicotlie. 
 Kichanl .Mott, Toledo. 
 Matthias 11. Nichi>ls, Lima. 
 (ieoige H. rendleton. Cincinnati, 
 .lohn .Sherman, Manslield. 
 Meiijamin Stanton. Bcllefontaine. 
 C. H. Tompkins. MiCniinellsville. 
 Clement L. Vallandijiliam. ■ Daytou. 
 Kdward Wade, Cleveland. 
 
 r 
 
 U 
 
 ()KKli(»N. 
 
 sKXATons. 
 
 liKl'KRsKXT.VTIVK. 
 
 Lafayette (trover.?' 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 •losepli Lane. .'' Wimdiester. 
 
 SEX.\TOK.s. 
 
 William Bi^rler. ( leaitield. 
 
 REI'RESEXT.\TIVE.s. 
 
 .lohn .\. Aid. Newville. 
 Henry Chapman, Doylestown. 
 .lohn Covi>de, Lock|iort. 
 William L. hewart, Sunlinrv. 
 ,l..hn Hick, .Mea.lville. 
 William H. Hiiiiniick, Uoneiidale. 
 .lohn K. Kdie, Somerset. 
 Thos. n. Florence, I'hiladelphia. 
 .lame.s L. (Jillis, Kid^reway. 
 (ialnsha .\. (Irow, (ileiiwood. 
 .lohn Hickman, We.stchester. 
 ,1. (ilan<-y .lones, ' Readinir. 
 Owen .Ione.«i, Caliinet. 
 
 Simon Cameron.'' Harrislturg. 
 
 William H. Keim..' l!eadin)f. 
 .lolin C. Kiinkel. Harristiiirs». 
 .laiiu's I.andy, I'hiladelphia. 
 I'anl Leiily, Danville. 
 Wm. .Mi.nliiomery, Washington. 
 Kdw. ,loy .Slorris, Philadelphia. 
 Henry M. Phillips. I'hiladeipliia. 
 Samuel X. I'nrviance, Butler. 
 Wilson Keillv, Chamliershur);. 
 David Kitchie, Pittshui-j.'. 
 .\ntliony K. Boherts. Umeaster. 
 William Stewart, Mercer. 
 Allison White, Lockhaven. 
 
 'I Ki'KlKned .Miiy, 1K.VI. 
 
 '• KKiti'il .Xfimlor In plnoo o( A.iii HIkks. ro«iime<l; took hin sent nw-omlwr 6, 18.V*. 
 
 <• Klectol in ]»!iirf (tf I'hnniii'* I.. (Mfn^niui, t'loctiHl Scnntor; t»>ok hlf» sent DwembiT 7. 
 
 '' Kll'rli*in ^U^■^■^^v,tnlly cnlllcslvrl l,v (Mflllellt L. VftllalHliKllllIll. 
 
 r.fmcpwfnllv ci>nti«i(<l ilic cliMtliiii i.f Lewis Ii. I'limpU'll: Ic»ik hlssfiit Mny "A Ix^s. 
 
 /TiHik tiLsi-ciii Kil>nmry II. 1s.t». 
 
 pTook liiN.'tftil Fi'ttrntiry l.^. IS^oU. 
 
 '■Tixik Ills stilt Miircli J,1.S57. 
 
 ' Ri-slttniil in livis. 
 
 J KU'cled in plaee of J. Olnney .Jones, reiilKne«l: ti»ok his seat iHM'onitHT 7, 18.Vi. 
 
 is,\s. 
 
THIRTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 
 KHODE ISLAND. 
 
 SENATOKS. 
 
 187 
 
 I'liiliii Allen, I'ldviili'iict 
 
 James F. Simmons." Pruviilence. 
 
 I!KI"UESEXT.\TIVES. 
 
 William I). I'.ravtiiii. Warwick. 
 
 Nathaniel H. Hurfee, Tiverton. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SEX.^TORS. 
 
 Andrew P. Butler. '' 
 
 James Chesnnt, jr.,'' Kershaw. 
 
 Josiah J. Evans/' Soeiety Hill. 
 
 Milleiltre L. Bonham, Edgefield. 
 William W. Boyce, Monticello. 
 L. M. Keitt, Oranfjeburg. 
 
 John I'.ell. Nashville. 
 
 KEPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 SEXATOHS. 
 KEl'KKSE-XTATIVES. 
 
 John I). C. Atkins, Paris. 
 William T. Avery, Memphis. 
 George W. Jones, Fayetteville. 
 Horace IMaynard, Knoxville. 
 Charles Ready, Murfreesboro. 
 
 James H. Hammond, f Beech Island. 
 Arthur P. Havne. f 
 
 John McC^ueen, Marlboro. 
 William P. Miles, Charleston. 
 James L. Orr,f/ Anderson. 
 
 Andrew Johnson, Greeneville. 
 
 John H. Savage, Smithville. 
 Sanniel A. Smith, Charleston. 
 A. (t. Watkins, Panther Springs. 
 John V. Wright, Purdy. 
 Felix K. ZoUicoffer, Nashville. 
 
 TEXAS. 
 
 J. Pinckney Henderson,'' Marshville. 
 Samuel Houston, Huntsville. 
 
 (tuv M. liryan, Brazoria. 
 
 .lacoh Collamer, Woodstock. 
 
 Justin S. Morrill, Strafford. 
 Homer V.. Rovce, Berlishire. 
 
 Roliert M. T. Hunter, Lloyi 
 
 KEPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 KEPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESKXTATI V ES. 
 
 Thos. S. Bocock, Appomattox. 
 John S, Caskie, Richmond. 
 Sherrard Clemens, Wheeling. 
 Henry .\. E(tnuind.«on, .%lem. 
 Charles J. Faulkner. INIartinsburg. 
 Muscoe R. H. Garnett, Lovetts. 
 William O. Goode, Boydton. 
 
 Thomas J. Rusk, ' Nacogdoches. 
 Matthias \Vard,./' Jefferson. 
 
 John H. Reagan, Palestine. 
 
 Solomon Foot, Rutland. 
 E. P. Walton, Montpelier. 
 
 James M. Mason,'' Winchester. 
 
 (ieorge W. Hopkins, Abington. 
 Albert G, Jenkins, Green Bottom 
 John Tietcher. Lexington. 
 John S. Millson. Nor't'olk. 
 Paulus Powell, Amherst. 
 \\'illiani Smith, Warrenton. 
 
 <i Took his sent JInrch 4, 1.S.57. 
 ('Died May 'In. l,s,")7. 
 
 e Elected in place of Josiah .1. Evmis. deccii.sod, .\rthiir P. Haviie havimr heeii ajipoiiited jiro tempore: toolc his seat 
 Januarv 5, l,S.i9. 
 '(Died May G, l.tW. 
 
 "Elected in place of .\nilre\v P. Butler, deceased: took his seat January 7. 1.S.5S. 
 .f .Vjipointed in place of Josiah J. Evans, decea.sed; took his seat May 20, 18,5S. 
 (/Elected speaker December 7. I.s.'i7. 
 
 ''Elected in place of Thomas J. Kusk, deceased: took his seat March 1, 185S: died Jnne -1, l.s.">S. 
 I'Eiected ITcvidrTit pro temj>ore .March 14, ].s.i7: died Jnly 29, 1«57. 
 
 J Appointed III place of J. Pini'kney Henderson, deceased: took his seat December 6, l,S.i,S. 
 ^■Elected President pro tempore March 4. 1857. 
 
188 CONGRESSIONAL OIKKlToKV. 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 SKNATllHS. 
 
 Jame.-' K. Duolittle," Uaciiie. Cliiirlfs I)iirkcf, Ki-iiiwlia. 
 
 KKl'HKSESTATIVKS. 
 
 OliarU'.s nillingluirst, .Iiiiii'aii. C. V. Washlmrii, Mineral Point. 
 
 .Ii.hn K. I'l.tter, Kast Tmy. 
 
 KANSAS TKKUrntltY. 
 
 nEl,Kli.\TE. 
 
 -Marcns .1. I'arintt, Leavenworth. 
 M 1 N N i:soT A TKKKin iK Y. 
 
 l>KI,KO.\TK. 
 
 William W. Kiiifrsbiiry. iMidion. 
 XKUKASKA TKUUrn )KV. 
 
 nKl.Eli.VTE. 
 
 Fenner rernn.son,'' Belleview. 
 TERKITOUY OK NKW MKXICO. 
 
 \<y.\.Kii\jv.. 
 Miguel .\. Oteni. .\llni(|uer>|ae. 
 
 OKKliON TKHKITOKY. 
 
 l)Kl,l-:<i,\TK. 
 .Ii>soiili Lani'. Winchester. 
 
 nWII IKUIJITOKY. 
 
 nKLEOATE. 
 
 .loliii M. Mernliisel, Salt Lake City. 
 
 W \sl 1 1 N( ITON TKKKlTl >KY. 
 
 i>ki.K(;ate. 
 
 Isaac I. Stevens, Olynipia. 
 
 I 
 
 i 
 
 I Took his sent March 4, 18&7. 
 
 l> Election unsucccssrully voiitcstvd by Bird B. Chapman. 
 
THIRTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 
 
 First sc!ision,from D''cemhcr.'>, 1S.'>9, to Jime^.), I860. Second session, from Decembers, 1S60, to March S, ISGl. 
 
 Vice-President. — John C. Breckixridge, of Kentucky. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. — Ben- 
 jamin FiTZPATRKK, of Alabama, elt'cted IMarcli 9, 1S59, in special session; again elected December 19, 
 1859; again elected February 20, IStiO; and again elected June 26, 1860, in special session. Jes.se D. 
 Bright, of Inrliana, elected June 12, 1860. Solomon- Foot, of Vermont, elected February 16, 1861. 
 Heerelari/ of the Senate. — Asbi'ky Dickens, of North Carolina. 
 
 Speaker oftheHouse. — William Pennington, of New Jersey. Clerks ofthe House. — JamesC. Allen, 
 of Illinois; John W. Forney, of Pennsylvania, elected February 3, 1860. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 senators. 
 Clement C. Clay, jr.," Iluntsville. Benjamin Fitzpatrick,'' Wctumpka. 
 
 kei'resentatives. 
 David Clopton, ■" Tuskegee. Sydenham Moore, '' Greensboro. 
 
 Williamson R. W. Cobb,'' Bellefontc. James L. Pugh, '' Eufaula. 
 
 Jabez L. M. Curry, '' Talladega. James A. Stalhvork, '' E\-ergreen. 
 
 George S. Houston, '' Athens. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 senators. 
 Robert W. Johnson, Pine Bluff. William K. Sebastian, Helena. 
 
 representatives. 
 Thomas C. Hindmaii, Helena. Albert Rust, Little Kock. 
 
 CALIFORNIA. 
 
 David C. Broderick, ' San Francisco. Henry P. Haun,,'' JMarysville. 
 
 William !M. Gwiu, San Francisco. Milton S. Latham, f San Francisco. 
 
 representatives. 
 John C. Buivh, Weaverville. Charles L. Scott, Sonma. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 senators. 
 James Dixon, Hartford. Lafayette S. Fcister, Norwich. 
 
 representatives. 
 
 Alfred A. Burnham, Windham. Dvvight Looniis, Rockville. 
 
 Orris S. Ferry, Norwalk. John Woodruff, New Haven. 
 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 senators. 
 James A. Bayard, Wilmington. Willard Saiilsbury, (ieorgetown. 
 
 representative. 
 William G. Whiteley, New Castle. 
 
 n Retired from the Senate Januury'21. l.S(U; seat declaretl vacant March 14. ISGl. 
 
 ''Elected President pro tempore March 9, IsriU: retired from the Senate January 21, INOl. , 
 
 c Retired from the House January 21, 18t)l. 
 rfRetireti rritm the House January 30. 1861. 
 ■■Dieil SepI ember Iti, 1»9. 
 
 .f Appointed in place of David C. Broderick, deceased: took his seat December 5, 1S.59. 
 
 (/Elected in place of David C. Broderick, deceased, Henry P. Haun having been appointed pro tempore; took his scat 
 March 5, 1800. 
 
 189 
 
I'.tU 
 
 CONGKESSIUNAL UIKECTUKV, 
 
 Stci>hfii K. M;illiir_v," IVnsacnIa. 
 
 I l.dKIHA. 
 
 SKNATOKS. 
 
 Duviii I,. Yulce," Ilorr.asassa. 
 
 Allrrd Ivfixm,'' (.'uhiiutiii: 
 
 Ui:i'UK.-KNT.\riVK. 
 
 Cieorge S. Hawkins, I'eiisacola 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 SKNATOUS. 
 HEPKESKNTATl VES, 
 
 Martin .1. Crawlnnl/' (Vihiml)iis. 
 l.iirius .1. (iaitri'll/' Atlanta. 
 Tlionius Hardeman, jr.,'' Macon. 
 Joshua Hill, « Madison. 
 
 Stephen .\. Doniila.'i, Chicago. 
 
 Jiihn F. Farnsworth, Chicago, 
 riiilip B. Fouke, Belleville. 
 William Kellogi;. Canton, 
 .lohn .\. Lugan, Benton. 
 ( >\ven Lovejuy, I'rincetini. 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 SEX.VTOHS. 
 
 KKI'liESEXTATIVES 
 
 IMUANA. 
 
 SESATOU.S. 
 
 Jesse T>. Britrht,.'' Jeffersonville. 
 
 ~ REI"RKSENT.\TIVKS. 
 
 Charles Case, Fnrt Wayne. 
 Schuyler Collax, South Bend. 
 John (i. Davis, Roekville. 
 William M. Dunn, Mailison. 
 William H. iMiL'lish, Lexingtcui. 
 William S. Ilolman, Law rencehurg. 
 
 James W, (Crimes, Burlington. 
 Samuel K. Curtis, Keokuk. 
 
 John J. CrittendiMi, Fiaukfort. 
 
 1(IW.\. 
 
 >EXAToKs. 
 KEl'KESENTATIVES 
 
 KK.VTICKY. 
 
 sEXATOHs. 
 HEl'RESEXTATIVF-S 
 
 (Jreen .\dams, linrhoursville. 
 William C. Anderson,:/ Danville. 
 Francis M. I'.ristnw, Klkton. 
 John Young lirown, Klizahelhlown. 
 Henry C. Burnett, Cadiz. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SESATOR.S. 
 
 Judah 1". Benjamin, ■ New < irleans. 
 
 lIEl'liESEXTATIVRs. 
 
 John v.. Bouligny, New Orleans. 
 Thonia,s(i. Davidson, Baton Hogue. 
 
 Koliert Toombs,' Washington. 
 
 James Jackson,'' .\thens. 
 .lohn J. Jones,'' Waynesboro. 
 I'eter K. I yove,'' Thomas vi lie. 
 .lohn W. H. Underwood,'' Rome. 
 
 Lyman Trumbull, .\lton. 
 
 .lohn .\. McClernand, Springfield. 
 Isaac .V. Morris, (^uincy. 
 James ('. Robinson, Marshall. 
 Elilm B. Washburne, Galena. 
 
 (iraham N. Fitch, Logansport. 
 
 David Kilgore, Yorktown. 
 William K. Niblack, Vincennes. 
 John l". I'ettit, Wabash. 
 .\lbert (t. Porter, Indianapolis. 
 James Wilson, Crawfordsville. 
 
 James Harlan, Mount I'leasant. 
 William Vaudevi-r, Dubuiiue. 
 
 Lazarus W. I'owell, Henderson. 
 
 Robert Mallory, Lagrange. 
 Uiban T. Moore. Louisa. 
 Sanuiel O. I'eytoii, Hartford. 
 William F. Simms, Paris, 
 .luhn W. Stevenson, Covington. 
 
 John Slidell.'' New Orleans. 
 
 John .M. Laudrum, Shroveport. 
 Miles Tavlor, ' Donaldsonville. 
 
 "KftlriKl from thcSi'mitclmumry i\. ISfil; sent duclnrwl vacant Mnrch 14, 1861. 
 
 '■ I{itiri<l fnmi the Seimtc .IiiniiiirV ■^. 18«1. 
 
 '■.•«iiil ili'i'liireii viicniil .Miinli U. isiil. 
 
 ''Kilircil fn>ni Ilu- House Jiiinmry 'ja, ISfil. 
 
 '■ Kiiiitiiiil .Iiunmry '£!. IHi'.l. 
 
 / Kliciiil I'roiilt'iit |>n> tcmtHTc .Inno Vi. isiio. 
 
 u Eliiiioii iiiiMKTtsifully roiitcsti'il by .Innii's S. Clirlsinnn. 
 
 AKetlrril fniiii Ihf SiMiiite Ki'lirimry 4, I'^l. 
 
 iRftlrvd (mm tlio House Fcbruiiry5. 1801. 
 
THIRTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 191 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 William Pitt Fessenden, Portland. Lot 51. Morrill, '' Augusta, 
 
 Hannibal Hauilin," Hampden. 
 
 REPBESENT.VTIVES. 
 
 Stephen Cohurn, '' Skowhegan. John J. Perry, Oxford. 
 
 Stephen C. Foster, Pembroke. Daniel E. Somes, Biddeford. 
 
 Ezra B. French, Damari.scotta. Israel Washburn, jr.,'' Orono. 
 Freeman H. ilorse, Bath. 
 
 :\IARYLAXD. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 Anthony Kennedy, Baltimore. James A. Pearee, Chestertown. 
 
 REPKE.SENTATIVES. 
 
 H. Winter Davis, Baltimore. Jacob M. Kunkel, Frederick City. 
 
 J. Morrison Harris, Baltimore. James A. Stewart, Cambridge. 
 
 George W. Hughes, West River. Edwin H. Webster, Belair. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Charles Sunnier, Boston. Henry Wilson, Natick. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Charles F. Adams, Quincy. Thomas D. Eliot, New Bedford. 
 
 John B. Alley, Lynn. Daniel W. Gooch, ^lelrose. 
 
 James Buffin'ton, Fall River. Ale-xandcr M. Rice, Boston. 
 
 Anson Burlingame, Cambridge. Eli Thayer, Worcester. 
 
 Henry L. I)awes, North Adams. Charles "R. Train, Framingham. 
 Charles Delano, Northampton. 
 
 MICHIGAN. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Kingsley S. Bingham, Kensington. Zachariab Chandler, Detroit. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 George B. Cooper, ' Jackson. De Witt C^. Leach, Lansing. 
 
 William A. Howard,/ Detroit. Henry Waldron, Hillsdale. 
 
 Francis W. Kellogg, Grand Rapids. 
 
 MINNESOTA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Henry .M. Rice, St. Paul. Morton S. Wilkinson, Mankato. 
 
 REPRESENT.\TI V Es. 
 
 Cyrus Aldrich, Mimieapolis. William Windom, Winona. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 SE.NATORS. 
 
 Albert G. Brown,'/ Terry. Jefferson Davis,!/ Hurricane. 
 
 REPRESENT.iTI V ES. 
 
 William Bark.sdale,''' Columbus. ,lolin J. JIcRae,'' State Line. 
 
 Reuben Davis,'' Aberdeen. Otho R. Singleton, ■'« Canton. 
 
 Lucius Q. C. Lamar,'' Abbeville. 
 
 'iResig-nerl January 7. ISCl, to take eflect .lanuary 17. ISiU. 
 
 '> Elected in place of Hannibal Hamlin, resigneil'; took his seat January 17, 1S61. 
 
 fEleeterl in place of Israel Washburn, jr., resigned; took his seat January ■_', istu. 
 
 ''Resigned, to take etfeet Jaunarv 1, l.sf.l. 
 
 '■Election successfully eontesieil by William A. Howard. 
 
 /.Successfully contested the election of George B. Cooper; took liis seat .May l.i, ISCO. 
 
 (/Seats declared vacant March 14. ISCl. 
 
 /"Retired from the House January 12, 1861. 
 
192 
 
 CONOKESSIONAL DIRECTUKV. 
 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 I 
 
 James S. Green, Canton. 
 
 KKlMtE.'iENTATIVl-^i. 
 
 Tlii>iiia.-i 1-. .Viulersdn, Palmyra. 
 James 11. Harrctt," St. I-ouis. 
 l->anc'i.< r. ISlair, ''St, Louis. 
 John B. Clark, Favette. 
 
 Truston PdIU, St. I>oui8. 
 
 James (rait:, St. Jo-Jcph. 
 John W. N...-11, I't-rryville. 
 John S. I'helps, Springlield. 
 Samuel H. Woodson, Independence. 
 
 NKW II.VMl'SIIIRK. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Daniel Clark, Manchesler. John P. Hale, Dover. 
 
 l{EI'l{ESE.NT.\rlVES. 
 
 i 
 1 
 
 Tlionias M. JCdwards, Keene. 
 Oilman Marston, Kxeter. 
 
 ]\Iason W. Xajipan, Hradford. 
 
 XEW JERSEY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John C. Ten Eyck, ^I.mnt Holly. John R. Thomson, I'rineeton. 
 
 KEI'KESENTATIVES. 
 
 (rarnett I'.. .Vdraiii, New I?runs\viek. 
 John T. Nixnu. Brids;etnn. 
 William I'enuington, '' Newark. 
 
 Jetur U. KinKs, I'aterson. 
 
 John L. N. Stratton, Mount Holly. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Preston King, Ogdensburg. 
 
 KEI'RESESTATIVES. 
 
 Thomas J. Uarr, New York. 
 Charles I,. Keale, Kinderhook. 
 tieorjie Bri',.'trs, New York. 
 Silas .M. l!iirrou;;lis.'' Medina. 
 Martin Bmterlield, Palmyra. 
 Luther C. Carter, Flushing. 
 Horace F. Clark. New Y<irk. 
 Clark B. Cochrane, Seheneetady. 
 John Coehraiie, New York. 
 Roscoe Conkliiig, I'tiea. 
 K. Holland Duell, Cortland. 
 .Vllred Kly, Koehester. 
 Kenlien K. Fentoii. Frewshurj;. 
 Augustus Frank, Warsaw, 
 .lames II. (iraham. Delhi. 
 John B. Haskin. Fordliam. 
 Charles B. Hoard, Watertowii. 
 
 AVilliani H. Seward, Auburn. 
 
 James Humphrey, Brooklyn. 
 William Irvine, t'orning. 
 William S. Kenyon, Kingston. 
 M. Lindlev Lee, Fulton. 
 William B'. Maelay, New York. 
 James B. MeKi-an, Saratoga. 
 Abram B. (Hin, Tri>y. 
 (ieorge W. Palmer. Platti<burg. 
 Emory B. Pottle, Naples. 
 Edwin R. Reynolds,- .\lbion. 
 John H. Reynolds, .\lliany. 
 Charles B. Setlgwick. Syracuse. 
 Daniel E. Sickles,.'' New York. 
 Elbridge (i. i^paulding, Buffalo. 
 Francis E. Sjunner, Mohawk. 
 Cha.s. H. Van Wvck, Bluomiiigburg. 
 .Mfred Wells, Itliam. 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 Thomas Bragg, Raleigh. 
 
 UEFRESENT ATI V KS. 
 
 Ijiwrence O'B. Branch, Rjdeigh. 
 Burton Craige, Salisbury. 
 John -V. (iilmer, (ireeii.sboro. 
 James M. lA»ach, lA'.\ington. 
 
 Thomas L. Clingman, .\sheville. 
 
 Thomas Rntfin, (ioMslwro. 
 Wm. N. H. Smith, Murfreeslioro. 
 Zebulon B. Vance, .\sheville. 
 Warren Winslow, Fayetteville. 
 
 n Election sucrcsstiilly contested by Fmncls P. Blair; sntwequently elected on the resignation of Mr. Blulr, and took hU 
 
 pent Iii'cunibiT;!. li«10. „ 
 
 hSii<-<-.-*(iilly (•<mt.«ti'<l Ihf election of Jiunen U. B«rn'lt: t.xik hi.i scat June s, l.««iO; reslKued in I8oO 
 
 •'Klci'ti'*! SiKNilciT Kcliruurv 1. IsiiO. 
 
 <il>ii-<l Juii.-a. lHi». 
 
 'Klcciiil In pliiceof Sllii>. M. Biirnmitli.". <leccii.«<-il; liM)k hi!<!<i'iii Iiovmlicr .'i, 1S60. 
 
 / Electiiiii unnucce-wfully cunlejtoil by Amor J. Wllliiiiiisou. 
 
THIRTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 
 
 193 
 
 George E. Pugh, Ciiu'innati. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 KEPKESENTATIVES. 
 
 William Allen, Lima. 
 James M. Ashley, Toledo. 
 John A. Bingham, Cadiz. 
 Harriscm G. Blake, Medina. 
 John Carey, Wyandotte. 
 Thoma.s Corwin, Lebanon. 
 Samuel S. Cox, Columbus. 
 Sidney Edgerton, Tallmadge. 
 John A. Gurley, Cincinnati. 
 William Helmick, New Philadelphia. 
 William Howard, Batavia. 
 
 OREGON. 
 
 SEN\\TOR.S. 
 
 Benjamin F. Wade, .Tt-fferson. 
 
 John Hutchins, Warren. 
 Charles D. Martin, Lancaster. 
 George H. Pendletim, Cincinnati. 
 John Sherman, ^lansfield. 
 Benjamin Stanton, Bellefontaine. 
 Thomas C. Theaker, Bridgeport. 
 C. B. Tompkins, 3IcConnellsville. 
 Carey A. Trimble, Chillicothe. 
 Clement L. Yallandigham, Dayton. 
 Edwanl Wade. Cle\elaud. 
 
 Edward D. Baker," Oregon City. Jnsejih Lane, Winchester. 
 
 KEPKE.SENTATIVE. 
 
 Lansing Stout, Portland. 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 William Bigler, Clearfield. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Elijah Babbitt, Erie. 
 
 Samuel S. Blair, Holidaysburg. 
 
 James H. Campbell, Pottsville. 
 
 John Covode, Lockport. 
 
 Wm. H. Dimmick, Honesdale. 
 
 Thos. B. Florence, Philadelphia. 
 
 Galuaha A. Grow, Glenwood. 
 
 James T. Hale, Bellefonte. 
 
 Chapin Hall, Warren. 
 
 John Hickman, We.«tchester. 
 
 Benj. F. Junkin,NewBloomfield. 
 
 John W. Killinger, Lebanon. 
 
 Henry C. Longnecker, Allentfjwn. 
 
 Simon Camernn. Harrisliurg. 
 
 .Jacob K. McKenty,'' Reading. 
 Robert ]McKnight, Pittsburg. 
 Edward ]McPherson. (Tettvsburg. 
 William Milhvard, Philadelphia. 
 Wm. ilontgomery. Washington. 
 James K. Moorhead, Pittsljurg. 
 Edward Joy Morris, Philadelphia. 
 John Schwartz, ' Reading. 
 George W. Scranton, Scranton. 
 Thaddeus Stevens, Lancaster. 
 William Stewart, Jlercer. 
 John P. Verree, Philadelphia. 
 John Wood, Philadelphia. 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 SEX.iTORS. 
 
 Henrv B. Anthonv, Providence. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William I). Bravton, Warwick. 
 
 James F. Simmons, Providence. 
 
 Christopher Robinson. Woonsocket. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 James Chesnut, Camden. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John D. Ashmore,'' Ander.son. 
 MilledgeL. Bonham,'' Edgefield. 
 William W. Boyce,'' Winnsboro. 
 
 James H. Hainnioinl. Beech Island. 
 
 L. M. Keitt, Orangeburg. 
 John jNIcQueen,'' Marlboro. 
 W. Porcher Miles, Charleston. 
 
 Andrew Jnlmson, Greeneville. 
 
 William T. Avery, Memphis. 
 Keese B. Brabson, Chattanooga. 
 Emerson Etheridge, Dresden. 
 Robert Hatton, Lebanon. 
 Horace Maynard, Knoxville. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Alfred (_). P. Nicholson, Columbia. 
 
 Thomas A. R. Nelson, Jonesbbro. 
 James M. Quarles, Clarksville. 
 William B. Stokes, Alexandria. 
 James H. Thoma.s, Columbia. 
 John V. Wright, Purdv. 
 
 "Took his seat December 5, 1860. 
 
 i> Elected in place of John Schwartz, deceased, took his seat December 3, IStiO 
 
 (■Died June 20, 1860. 
 
 ''Retired from the House December '21, 1860. 
 
 H. Doc. -±58- 
 
 -13 
 
194 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 TEXAS. 
 
 .Tohii Htiuiiliill, Austin. 
 Mattliiii.-' \Viinl, .IcflVixin. 
 
 .^iiilii'W .1. Iliiiiiiltnn, .Viistin. 
 
 ■Iac<il> ('olhiiiu'f, Woodstork. 
 
 NENATORS, 
 KEI'RESiENT.\TI V E.S. 
 
 VKKMO.VT. 
 
 sKNATiiliS. 
 
 RE1'RESENT.\T1VES. 
 
 .Instill S. Morrill, Straffdnl. 
 Honu-rK. Hnyre, Esi.-'t I'.i'rksliire. 
 
 Rnhcrt M. T. Hnntur, I.L.v.ls. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 liKl"liK.SENTATIVES. 
 
 Thomas S. Bocook, Appomattox. 
 AU'xaiKler K. Hoteler, ("liarlestowii. 
 Shcrraril Clemens, Whcflinir. 
 I). C. De Jarnt'tte, Bowling tireen. 
 Henry A. Kilnnnulsoii, Salem. 
 Mnscoe K. 11. (iarnett, Loretto. 
 John T. Harris, Harrisonburjr. 
 
 James K. Doolittle, Kaeiiie. 
 
 Charles II. Larralne, llori<<>n. 
 John F. Potter, East Troy. 
 
 WISCONSIN'. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 K EHRE.SESTATI V KS 
 
 Louis T. Wicfall," Marshall. 
 Joliii 11. Reagan, Palestine. 
 
 Solomon K(jot,'' Rutland. 
 Kzekiel P. Walton, Monl|H'lier. 
 
 James M. Ma.son, Winchester. 
 
 .Vllx-rt G. Jenkins, (ireenhottom. 
 Shelton F. I^eake, Charlottesville. 
 Elhert S. Martin, Lee. 
 John S. Mill.son. Norfolk. 
 Roycr .\. I'rynr, ' IVtershur);. 
 AVilliam Smith, Warrentun. 
 
 Charles l>urkec. Ki-nosha. 
 C. C. Wasliliuiri, Iji Crosse. 
 
 KANSAS TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEli.iTE. 
 
 Marcus J. Parrott, lyeavenworth. 
 NEBRASKA TKKKin iKY. 
 
 DEI.EOATES. 
 
 Samuel O. Pailv,'' Peru. 
 
 Exjierience Estahrook, ' Omaha. 
 
 TERRITORY oE NEW MEXICO. 
 
 IIKI.KOATE. 
 
 Miguel .\. ( itcro. .\ll)Ui|ueriiuc. 
 I TAll TERRITORY. 
 
 OKI.ECiATE. 
 
 William II, lIoo|H'r. Salt Lake City. 
 WASllINCiTON TERRl n >KY. 
 
 DELBUATE. 
 
 Isaa<- I. Stevens, Olyuipia. 
 
 n F.U-cii<l in pliiie nf .1. rimkm'.v lliMidiTsun, iIituilioI. Miittliliis Wnnl luiving licvii npiiiiliitcil \>n> ti'iuiMirv t<M>k lii« 
 m-iil .Iiimiiirv 1. IHM. 
 h Eli'iiirl rri-<liliiii jiro Ivmpori' Fi't)ruary 10. IWl. 
 
 <• Fliit<'l in pliiii-i/ Williiiin (). (iiHKlr, ili-<ia»f<l. .Inly ;i. IN-W: l<K>k lil» scat Dii'i;mlH;r 7. ISW. 
 rfsiiiii-,.fullv ic.nii-«ii'il iliv rli-clliin n( Kx|kt1( tier I'jilabrouk; IiKik his seut May IS, IKtiO. 
 <■ Elccllun sucL-fsslully cuiUcated by ^^nniiitl (i. Daily. 
 
THIRTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 
 
 Fir.it si'sMori, from Juhi 4, 1S61, to August t>, 1S61. Second .lemoii, from December 2, IS61. to Juh/ 17, 1S/J2. 
 Third session, from December 1, 1S62, to March S, 1863. 
 
 Vice-President. — Hannibal Ha>ilin, of Maine. President of the Senate pro tempore. — Solomon Foot, 
 of Vermont, elected July IS. 1861; auain elected January 1.5, 1862; again elected March 31, 1862; 
 again elected June 19, 1862; and again elected February 18, I86.3. Secretaries of the Senate. — Asbury 
 Dickens, of North Carolina; John \V. Forney, of Pennsylvania, elected July 15, 1861. 
 
 Speaker of the House. — Galusha A. Grow, of Pennsylvania. Clerk of the House. — Emerson Etheridge, 
 of Tennessee. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 .senators. 
 
 ( Vacant. ) 
 
 representatives. 
 
 ( Vacant. ) 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 senator.s. 
 
 ( Vacant. ) 
 
 representatives. 
 
 ( Vacant. ) 
 
 CALIFORNIA. 
 
 senators. 
 Milton S. Latham, Sacramento. James A. McJlougall, San Francisco. 
 
 representatives. 
 
 Fredk. F. Low," San Francisco. 
 Timothy G. Phelps, San Mateo. 
 
 Aaron A. Sargent, Nevada. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 James Dixon, Hartford. 
 
 senators. 
 
 HEl'HESENTATIVKS. 
 
 Alfred A. Burnhani, Windham. 
 James E. English, New Haven. 
 
 Lafayette S. Foster, Norwich. 
 
 Dwight Loomis, Kockville. 
 George C. Woodruff, Litchfield. 
 
 a Took his seat June 3, 1S62. 
 
 19.5 
 
IVM) 
 
 CONORESSIUNAI, DIRECTORY. 
 
 hki.auaki:. 
 
 NKNATOKS, 
 
 James A. Hayanl, Wilmintrtipn. 
 
 Willanl SaiilHbury, Georgetown. 
 
 HEI'RKSENTATIVE. 
 
 lieorge P. Fisher, Dover. 
 FLORIDA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 
 REPRESENT ATI Vt:s. 
 
 ( Vacant.) 
 (iEORGIA. 
 
 SEN.\T«)R». 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 ( Vacant. ) 
 ILLINOIS^. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Orville H. Browning/' Quincy. 
 Stephen A. Douglas,'' Chicann. 
 
 I(KPRE8EST.\TIVES. 
 
 William J. Allen,'' MariDii. 
 Isaac N. ArnoM, Chicagn. 
 Philip v.. Koulkc, Belleville. 
 .Vnthdiiy I.. Kiia|)|), ' .lerseyville. 
 William Kelliijij;, (^aiitoii. 
 John A. Lotjau,/ Benton. 
 
 Jesse D. Bright,;/ Jeffersonville. 
 Henrv S. Lane, Oawfonlsville. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 SEN AT" us. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Schuyler Colfax, South Beml. 
 .lames A. Cravens, llardiiislmrtr. 
 W. McKee Dunn, Madison. 
 William S. Ilnlinaii, .\urora. 
 (ieorge W. Julian, Centerville. 
 John Law, Evansville. 
 
 James W. (Triines, Burlington. 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 SKN'ATOItS. 
 REPRESENTATIVI-X. 
 
 Sanuiel R. Curtis, J Keokuk. 
 William Vamlever,* Duhuc|ue. 
 
 William A. Richardson, « Quincy. 
 Lvman Trumbull, Alton. 
 
 Owen Lovejoy, Princeton. 
 John A. McClernand,.'' Springfield. 
 William A. Richardson,'' Quincy. 
 .Tames C. Rohinsoii, Marshall. 
 Elihu B. Washburne, (.ialena. 
 
 David Turpie,'' Indianapolis. 
 Joseph A. Wright, ' Inclianapolis. 
 
 William Mitchell, Keiidallville. 
 Albert (i. Porter. Indianapolis. 
 John P. C. Shanks, Jav. 
 Daniel W. Voorhi-es, "ferre Haute. 
 All)ert S. White, Stwkwell. 
 
 James Harlan, Mt. Pleasint. 
 James K. Wilson,' Fairfield. 
 
 nt«<l in place of Stephen A. Dotiglius. dcccoxod; took hlii sent July 4, 1861. 
 
 oAppolntetl in pla 
 b Died June'.). IWI 
 
 "•Ekited Semiior In jiIbco of Sleplieu A. IioiikIoo. deceased, Orville H. Bniwning havliiK Invn apiKilnted pn> tempore: 
 
 . (filed; 
 
 'Elecled in pliiie nl John A. MoClenmnil, re»lirned; took Ills sent Deoenitier IJ. IWU. 
 
 look his 8CUI JuiMiiiry ;tO, lnt>3. 
 'I Klertiil in pliice of John A. l«Kan. resiKiied; IcMik his sent June J, IW 
 
 /ReslKUed ill INil. 
 oEicpellcil Fitinmrv h. IW.'. 
 
 A Klccled in place of Jesse D. Bright. e.\peneil. Jowph A. WrlK'lil hnviiiK In-eii nppointeil pro tem|>ore; lisik Ins seat Jaii- 
 lary ii, lHi.;t. 
 ' Apisiiiited In place of Je-ise 1>. Brighl. expelle<l: iisik his "e«l Manh ;t. IWW. 
 iRcsigneil AilKUst 1. Ivil. 
 
 If Election iinsiirce-s-sfiilly eonteste<l Iiy Le itrand RyinKion. 
 ' Elei'ted In place of Saiiiuei K. riirtis, reslKiied: iinik ills wal lieeember J. 1S61. 
 
THIRTY-SEVENTH CONGKESS. 
 
 197 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 James H. Lane," Lawrence. 
 
 Saniuel ('. Pmneroy, i^tehi.son. 
 
 REPREiSENTATIVE. 
 
 Martin F. Conwaj', Lawrence. 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John C. Breckinridge,'' Lexington. 
 Garrett Davis, " Paris. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Henry C. Burnett,'' Cadiz. 
 Sanniel L. Casey, * Casey ville. 
 John J. CIrittenden, Frankfort. 
 George W. Dunlap, Lancaster. 
 Henry Grider, Bowling Green. 
 Aaton Harding, Greensburg. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 Lazarus W. Powell, Ilemlerson. 
 
 James S. Jackson, .'' Hopkinsville. 
 Robert Mallory, La Grange. 
 John W. Menzies, Covington. 
 Wni. H. Wadsworth, Maysville. 
 Charles A. Wickliffe, Bardstown. 
 (ieo. H. Yeaman,!/ (3wensboro. 
 
 Benjamin F. Flar.ders.'* 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 ( Vacant. ) 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 William Pitt Fessenden, Portland 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Samuel C. Fessenden, Rockland. 
 Thos. A. D. Fessenden, J Auburn. 
 John N. Goodwin, South Berwick. 
 Anson P. Morrill, Readfield. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Thomas H. Hicks, ' Cambridge. 
 Anthoiiv Kennedv, Ellicotts Mills. 
 
 KEPRESENT.iTIVES. 
 
 Charles B. Calvert, Bladensburg. 
 John W. Crisiield, Prince.^s Anne. 
 Cornelius L. L. Leary, Baltimore. 
 
 ^lichael Hahn. ' 
 
 Lot M. Morrill, Augusta. 
 
 Frederick A. Pike, Calais. 
 John H. Rice, Foxcroft. 
 Charles W. Walton,^' Auburn. 
 
 Jamea A. Pearce,"' Chestertown. 
 
 Henry May, Baltimore. 
 Francis Thomas, Frankville. 
 P'dwin H. Weljster, Belair. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 Charles Sunmer, Boston. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES 
 
 John B. Alley, Lynn. 
 William Appleton," Boston. 
 Goldsmith F. Bailey," Fitchlmrg 
 James Bufiington, Fall River. 
 Henry L. Dawes, North Adams. 
 Charles Delano, Northam|iton. 
 Thomas D. Eliot, New Bedford. 
 
 Henry Wilson, Xatick. 
 
 Daniel W. Gooch, Melrose, 
 Samuel \V. Hooper,^' Boston. 
 Alexander H. Rice, Boston. 
 Benjamin F. Thomas, Boston. 
 Charles R. Train, Frandngham. 
 Amasa Walker,'/ North Brooktit 
 
 Id, 
 
 a Election unsuccessfully contested by Frederick P. Stanton. 
 
 (> Expelled December 4, ISCil, 
 
 c Elected in place of John C, Breckinridge, expelled; took his seat December 'Jo, ist; 
 
 rt Expelled Decembers, 1.861. 
 
 (■Elected in place of Henrv C. Burnett, expelled; took his seat March 10, IStw. 
 
 fDied in 1862, 
 
 {/Elected in place of .Tames S. Jackson, deceased; took his seat December 1, 1862, 
 
 /■Took his scut Fcbrimrv 2:i, 1863, 
 
 iTni.k his sent February 17, 1863. 
 
 3 Elected in jihue ui Charles W, Walton, resigned; took his seat December 1, 1862. 
 
 /.•l!csiKne.l M.I y 26. 1862. 
 
 I .\]il'()iiii^'il in jihice of James A. I'earee. deceased; took his seat January 14, 1863, 
 
 1" Died Decrniber 20, 1862. 
 
 "Resigned in 1861. 
 
 o Died May 8, 1862, 
 
 i^Elected in place of William -Vppleton, resigned; took his seat December 2, 1861. 
 
 ^Elected iu place of Goldsmith F. Bailey, deceased; took his seat December 1, 1862, 
 
198 
 
 (H)NGKESSU)NAL DIKKCToKY. 
 
 MK^HKiAN. 
 
 SKNATOIU*. 
 
 Kinsley S. Binnliam," Oak Gnivc 
 ZjK'liariali Cluuicller, Pi-tniit. 
 
 liKI'lthXKNTATIVKS. 
 
 I'Vrnaiiilii (.'. Ik'ainaii. Ailiian. 
 Hiadli'V K. liraiiner, Ann Arlmr. 
 
 lliiiiy M. Ivicc, St. rani, 
 t'yrns Aldricii, .Minnoaimlis. 
 
 MINNKSOTA. 
 
 SKNATDIi.s. 
 HKl'RbiiKNT.VTI V Ks. 
 
 .Mi.<sissiri'i. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 ( Vacant. ) 
 
 KEPRESESTATIVRS. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 .lacnl, M. Ilowanl.'' Detroit. 
 
 Francin W. Kcllout;, (irand Haiiiil?. 
 Kowlanil 1".. Trowliriilne, Hinniiigliani. 
 
 >liirton .s. Wilklnsun, M:inkat< 
 \\'ilUani Wiuduni, Wiiiuna. 
 
 John r>. llcnilcrson,'' Louisiana. 
 Walilo I'ortcr .lohnson/' (Ksceola. 
 
 REPRESENT ATI V KS. 
 
 Francis 1'. Ulair. jr...'' St. Louis 
 William A. IIall,V Uuntsvillc. 
 .lohn W. Noell, rerrvville. 
 Klijali H. Norton, Platte City. 
 Johns S. I'helps, Springfield. 
 
 Tnisten Polk.'' St. Louis. 
 Kolwrt Wilson, "^ .St. Josepli. 
 
 Thoina.s L. Price/' Jefferson Citv. 
 John W. Reid. ' 
 James S. Rollins, Columhia. 
 John B. Clark..' 
 
 Paniel Clark, Manche.ster. 
 
 Thomas M. Edwards, Keene. 
 (iilnian Marston, Exeter. 
 
 NF.W llAMPSIIIRK. 
 
 SKNATOR.S. 
 REI'RE-SENTATIVES. 
 
 Xi;W JKRSKV. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 .Inhn 1'. Hal.-. Dover. 
 I'.dward II. Rollins, ConconL 
 
 John C. Ten F^yck, Mount Holly. 
 Richard S. Field.* Princeton. 
 
 George T. Cobb, Morristowii. 
 John T. Nixon, Bridgeton. 
 Nehemiah Perrv, Xewark. 
 
 Ira Harris, Albany. 
 
 REI-RESENTATIVKS. 
 
 NKW YORK. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Stephen Baker, Poughkeepsie. 
 J. P. Chamberlain, !*eneca Falls. 
 
 John R. Thomson,' I'rincet.in. 
 .Fames W. Wall,'" Burlington. 
 
 William ti. Steele, Souierville. 
 ,r. L. X. Stiatti.n. Mount Ilollv. 
 
 Preston King. ( >gdensburK. 
 
 .\mbrosf W. Clark, Walertown. 
 Frederick A. Conkling, New York. 
 
 .1 Dio<i octnixT .'i. m;i. 
 
 ii KlwUil ill place lit KlnsU'V s. BiiiKlinin. iluiviixnl; liKik his 8<-iil .Iiimiury IT. 106'i 
 
 ••AliIMiiiilt'il 111 iilaroiit Tniiti'll INilli. I'Xjiolli-il: li><>k liis si-nl .liillimry '>9, ifa. 
 
 >i KxiH-llcil .luiniarv 10. l.s«2. 
 
 '.VjiIKiliii.d 111 |.laic <i( Wnldo I'ortiT Joliiisoii. expflKHl; t<x)k liis wal .laiiuar.v ii. IStV.!. 
 
 / K>'»iKiii-(l ill 1>«..'. 
 
 HEliTtril ill pliH-.iif .liilin It. (lurk, o.\|h'1Ui1Jii1v 13. l.SCI; Iwik Ills .icnl laiillary '.■«, 1s<W. 
 
 A Kloli'il 111 jilaif of .Idliii W. Ki'irl. I'XiH'lle*!; ti«i"k his ncnt Jaminry 'JI, IS(i2. 
 
 <Kxpi-lU-<l III iiiliiTj. ISC.I. 
 
 JEx|H-lU>.l July i:t. imil. 
 
 *■ Ai>i>oliiH'<l in I'liiro of .Inhn II. Thomson. ilfceiUM'd; iiKik hlfi soiit pi-cemlK-r 1, 186:2. 
 I Iiuil Si-{ili'inti.T IJ. ixft!. 
 
 "• KkTlcil in plttci' ot Jonn K. Thonisim. <li-iTii>fil. lEirlianl S. Kli-ld huviiiK 1m'«>ii n|>|>oiiiii'<l pro !<•! 
 January Ul, 1863, 
 
 
 niiN>ri': t-Nik \w* >.■«( 
 
THIRTY-SEVENTH CONORESS. 
 
 i9y 
 
 Roscoe Conkling, Utica. 
 Erat^tviH Cciniing, Albany. 
 Isaac C. Delaplaine, New York. 
 Alexander S. Diven, Elniira. 
 R. Holland Duell, Courtland. 
 Alfred Ely, Rochester. 
 Reuben E. Fenton, Frewsburg. 
 Richard Franchot, Schenectady, 
 AugustMs Frank, Warsaw. 
 Edward Haight, West Chester. 
 James E. Kerrigan, New York. 
 William E. Lansing, Chittenango. 
 Jas. B. JIcKean, Saratoga Sjirinas. 
 INIoses F. Odell, Brooklyn. 
 Abram B. Olin, Trov. 
 
 Theodore M. Pomeroy, Auburn. 
 Charles B. Sedgwick, Syracuse. 
 Socrates N. Sherman, (.Igdensburg. 
 PMward H. Smith, Sniithtown. 
 Elbridge G. Spaulding, Buffalo. 
 John B. Steele, Kingston. 
 Burt \'an Horn, Ne\\ fane. 
 Robt. B. Van Valkenburgh, Bath. 
 Chas. H. Van Wyck, Bloomingburg. 
 Chauncv Vibbard, Schenectady. 
 Willianl Wall. Brooklyn. 
 Elijah Ward, New York. 
 William A. Wheeler, Malone. 
 Benjamin A\'uod, New York. 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 
 REPKESEN"T.\ T I y ES. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 OHIO. 
 
 Salmon P. Chase," Cincinnati. 
 John Sherman,'' Mansfield. 
 
 KENATOKS. 
 
 Benjamin F. Wade, Jefferson. 
 
 REPBESENTATIVES. 
 
 William Allen, Greenyille. 
 James ^I. Ashley, Toledo. 
 John A. Bingham, Cadiz. 
 Harrison O. Blake, ^Medina. 
 Samuel S. Cox, Columbus. 
 AVilliam P. Cutler, Constitution. 
 Sidney Edgerton, Tallmadge. 
 John A. Ourley, Cincinnati. 
 Richard A. Harrison, London. 
 A"alentine B. Ilorton, Pomeroy. 
 John Hutchins, Warren. 
 
 James R. Morris, Woodstield. 
 Warren P. Noble, Tiflin. 
 Robt. H. Nugen, New Comerstown. 
 George H. Pendleton, Cincinnati. 
 Albert G. Riddle, Cleyeland. 
 Samuel Shellaliarger, Springfield. 
 Carey A. Trindile, Chillicothe. 
 Clement L. Vallandigham, Dayton. 
 Chilton A. White, Georiretowii. 
 Samuel T. Worcester, Norwalk. 
 
 OREGON. 
 
 SEXATORS. 
 
 Edward D. Baker. '■ 
 Benjamin F. Harding,'' Salem. 
 
 KEPRESEXT.^^TiyE. 
 
 George K. Shiel, Salei 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 James W. Nesmith, Salem. 
 Benjamin Stark, ^ Portland. 
 
 Simon Cameron..'' 
 
 Edgar Covyan, Greensburg. 
 
 REPRESENTATiyES. 
 
 Sydenham E. Ancona, Reading. 
 Elijah Babbitt, Erie. 
 Josei)h Bally, Newport. 
 Charles J. Biddle,'' Philadelphia. 
 Samuel S. Blair, HoUidayaburg. 
 James H. Campbell, Pottaville. 
 
 I>avid Wilmot.f/ Towanda. 
 
 Thos. B. Cooper, ' Coopersburg. 
 John Coyode, Lockport Station. 
 William Morris Dayis, Milestown. 
 (ialusha A. Grow. J 
 James T. Hale, Bellefonte. 
 John Hickman, West Chester. 
 
 (I Rcsiijnrd March 6, 1R61. 
 
 '•Elccticl ill jilace ot Salmon 1'. (.■|)a«-. iwigncd: took liis srat Mnrch 23, isiu 
 .•Died Oi'tnl.,T'21. ISIU. 
 Dc'cember'l'isfi'"^'^ "^ EdM-.inl 11. Baker, deceased, Benjamin stark having been appointed i>ro tinii.oru: toi>k his .seat 
 
 f Appointed in plaee of Edward D. Baker, deceased; took hLs seat February 27 180'' 
 
 /Resigned March, 1861. 
 
 ff Elected in plaee of Simon Cameron, resigned; took his seat March IS, 18G1. 
 
 « Elected in jtlaee of E. Jov Morris, resigned. 
 
 I'Died .\pril 4, 1S62. 
 
 jElected Speaker July 4, 1S61. 
 
200 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTORY. 
 
 riiilip .Iiilm.^cin, Kncton. 
 Williaiii 1). Kcllev, riiiliu\oli>liiii. 
 Jiiliii W. Killiii^rer, J>fliiiiuiii. 
 .Icssc l-azfiir, Wayiifsliiirji. 
 Win. K. lA'limiiii," riiiliKli'lpliia. 
 UmIhti McKiiit'lit, I'itli^liiirt:. 
 Kihviini McriiiTfuii, ( iettyi'l'iir);. 
 Jaiues K. Moorhead, Pittsburg. 
 
 .Iiiliii I'atton, Curwinsivillo. 
 Thadili'us Stfvi-ns, Uiiu-a.-'ter. 
 Jdlin I). Stilf.", '■ Allciitdwn. 
 .loliii 1'. VcrriH', • I'hilailclphia. 
 •lului W, Wallaiv, Nfwcaytlc. 
 llfii.lri.k ]{. Wri-lil, \Vilkf,«harrc. 
 Cieuigc \V. tjciaiituii.'' 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 SEXATOlts. 
 
 Henry H. Anthony, Providence. 
 Sanjiiel ( ;. Arnold. ' 
 
 James F. Simmons, f Providence. 
 
 KK1'KESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 George 11. r.mwiu', I'ruvidence. 
 
 William P. Sheffield, Newport, 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 
 RKPRE-SENTATIVKS. 
 
 ( Vacant. ) 
 TENNESSEK. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Amlrew .Tnlnison, (ireeneville. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 (ieiirse W. Hridgen.!/ 
 
 Andrew J. Clements,'' Lafayette. 
 
 .MiYimI 1). I\ Nicholson.' 
 Horace Mavnaril, Kiioxville. 
 
 Jacob Ciilliiiiiir. Woodstock. 
 
 Portus iJaxler. Derby Line. 
 Justin S. >b)rrill, Strafford. 
 
 John S. Carlile,* Wheeling. 
 
 TEXAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 VERMONT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 KEPRKSENTATl V ES. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 RKl'RESENTATI V KS. 
 
 Jaioli B. Blair,'" Parkersburg. 
 William <i. Brown, Kinijwood. 
 John S. Carlile,*' Wheeling. 
 
 Solomon Foot..' Rutland. 
 Ezekiel P. Walton, .Monti>eIier. 
 
 Wailman T. Willey, ' Moi-gantown. 
 
 .loscph E. Segar," Elizabeth City. 
 Charle.s H. rpton," Kails Churcii. 
 Killian V. Whalev, Teredo. 
 
 'I Election iinstu'oessfullv (•(UiU'sU'd liv John M. Bntlor. 
 
 Ji KU.tiil m place of Tl\onm.-i B. Cooper, tleciii.«eil ; look liN .■•eiit .liine S, ls»«. 
 
 r Kleclion iin^iiccevvfullv eonie.sted liv .lohn Kline. 
 
 .'liicl MiiPhJJ, l*<il. 
 
 r Kleiied In pliice o( Jamex F. Simmons, resl)me<l; look lil« seal DcecmlH-r 1, ISfii 
 
 I Ke-isne.l III ISia, 
 
 l/Kxpelle.l.1ulv 11. ISf.l. 
 
 '. TiK.k his «eiil K-hrnnrv », 1X63. 
 
 ITo..k hl« viii .liinuiiry W ittfa. 
 
 JKleei.-d l're«l<lenl pni lemimrv'.lnlv is. isiii, 
 
 1. Kle. i.-.l Seniilor In pliueol R.M.T. Ilniihr. wUhilmwn: took hisxeal July l.\ ISSI 
 
 I Kle. i,-,l In pliieei>f.l.M.Mii.«on, wllhdrawn. tinik hl.HsentJuly 13, 18«il. 
 
 •" Ele. i.-il in plai t .lohn P. Carllle, reslKiied; t<"ik his seal DwcmbtT 'J, l.tiil. 
 
 "T""k lil->eal MayC, 1V..V 
 
 " Eleeliuu uiijuceessfuUy eonle.-ilitl l>y S. K. Bench. 
 
THIRTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 201 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Jamee R. Doolittle, Kaoine. Timothy O. Howe, Green Bay. 
 
 KEPBESEXT.'iTIVES. 
 
 Luther Hanchett,« Plover. John F. Potter, East Troy. 
 
 Waher D. Mclndee,'' Warsaw. A. Scott Sloan, Beaver Dam. 
 
 COLORADO TERRITORY. 
 
 nELEG.\TE. 
 
 Hiram 1*. Bennett, Denver. 
 DAKOTA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELE(i.\TE. 
 
 .John B. S. Tn.ld, Fort Randall. 
 NEBRASKA TERRITORY. 
 
 r)ELE(l.\TE. 
 
 Samuel G. Daily, '' Peru. 
 NEVADA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEC;.\TE. 
 
 .Tohn Cradlebangh, Carson City. 
 TERRITORY ( >F NEW :\[EXICO. 
 
 DELEG.VTE. 
 
 John S. Watts, Santa Fe. 
 UTAH TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEG.VTE. 
 
 John M. Bernhisel, Salt Lake City. 
 WASHINGTON TERRITORY. 
 
 ])ELEG.\TE. 
 
 William H. Wallace, Steilacoom. 
 
 " Died November 24, 1862. 
 
 '•Elected in place of Luther Hiinrhett, ileceased; took his seal .Tanuary 26, 1S63. 
 
 t* Election unsuccessfully contested by J. Sterling Morton. 
 
tiiii;tv-i:i<;iitii ("o\(ikks8. 
 
 Firnl tiKniiiii, fiiiin Jhreiiilifr 7, /.W.V, lo J11I114, lStS4. StToud m'lutinii, ii'mi l'<iviiiliir;'>, IS':',, In Mnrrli .1, ISlt.'i. 
 
 Vice-Prenident. — Haxnmhai. IIvmi.in. i>\ Miiiiio. I'l-iniilnUn nf Ihf Sinnti' pro tempore. — Solomon 
 FiioT, of Vermont, eloctccl Mun'li 4, lS(i:f, in spociiil session, ajjain clectod IVivnilier IS, lS(i3, again 
 elected Fel>riiaiy 'J.'!, 1S(U, a;.'ain eleiteil Maicli 11, lS(i-i, ami apiin elected A|)ril II. lst>4; Daxiei- 
 Ci.ARK. of New llanipshire, eleitcil A|iril I'li. l.StU, ami ajjain elected Tebrnary !l. l,st).i. Sfcrrlarii of 
 //if Seiiiili: — ,Ionx \V. Imikxkv, of Tennsylvania. 
 
 Spiiihr of llif Noii-ie. — ."<(1HYI.i:k Coi.kax, of Indiana. Clrrkx of the IIoim: — Hmkr-sox KTiiERiixiK, 
 of Tennessee; Edwahd MtPiiERsox, of I'ennsylvania, elected December 8, IStKJ. 
 
 Jolin (.'onness, Sai nuiieiilo. 
 
 Cornelius Cole, .Suita Cruz. 
 William Ilisrliv. Calaveras. 
 
 James Dixon, Hartford. 
 
 ALAKAM.\. 
 
 SEXATOR,<. 
 
 (Vacant. ) 
 
 H KPRKSEXTATI V KH. 
 
 1^ Vacant. 1 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 
 REI'RESRXrATIVl->i. 
 
 (Vacant. ) 
 CAl.llOUNlA. 
 
 SKXATOKs. 
 KEI"Kh>KXTATlVb>. 
 
 CdNNKlTU IT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 RElMtf>KXTATlVES. 
 
 Anjilistlis Itramlcfiee. New I.ondim. 
 Henrv V. Deminir, Hartford. 
 
 DKl.AWAKK. 
 
 sKNATolis. 
 
 James A. Hayard," Wilminiilon. 
 (teoore Read. Uiildle, '• Wilminvrton. 
 
 James .\. McDoiiindl, San Ki-aneisco. 
 
 Thomas 1!. .'<haiinoii. Qnincy. 
 
 l^favette S. Foster, Norwiili. 
 
 James E. Kntflisli. New Haven. 
 John H. IliihUird. l.itchtield. 
 
 Willaid Saulslinry, tieorKetown. 
 
 REPRK.SKXTATIVE. 
 
 Nathaniel H. ."^mithers. 
 KI.OKIDA. 
 
 SKXATOKS. 
 
 ( Vacant.) 
 
 RKI'RE«KXTATIVKS. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 tJKOKiilA. 
 
 SKXATOR.S. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 
 KEPRKSENTAT1VI>. 
 
 ( Vacant. ) 
 
 o KvsIkiumI .liiiuuirv 'JV. |!«14. 
 
 '■Eloot<-<l In plmv ■<( .li>iiu'!< A. Bnyarrt. rvxIttiaHl: Umk IiIk wnt Fcbninry j isiu 
 
 202 
 
THIKTY -EIGHTH CONGRESS. 
 
 203 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 SEXATOliS. 
 
 William A. Richanlsnn, Qniiicy. 
 
 liKl'UKSEN-TATIVKS. 
 
 James C. Allen, Valrstine. 
 William J. Allen, Marion. 
 Isaac N. Arnold, Chicajio. 
 John K. Kden, Sulli\an. 
 John F. Farn.sworth, St. C^harles. 
 Charles M. Harris, Oqnau'ka. 
 Ebon ( ■. IngersoU," I'eoria. 
 .\nthuny L. Knapp, Jerseyville. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Thomas \. Hendricks, Indianapolis. 
 
 KEPRESENTATIVE,S. 
 
 Schuyler Colfax, '• South Bend. 
 James A. Cravens, Hardinslnirg. 
 F-'Jienezer Dumont, Indiaiiapnlis. 
 Joseph K. Kdirerton, Kort Wayne. 
 Henry W. Harrinfjton, Madison. 
 "William 8. Holman, Aurora. 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 SKNATOHS. 
 
 HEPKESENTATIVES. 
 
 James W. Grin 
 
 Barlin!;ton. 
 
 William B. Allison, I)ubni|iie. 
 Josiah B. C.riiniell,'' (irinnell. 
 Asahel W. Hubbard, Sioux Citv. 
 
 Lyman Trumbull, Alton. 
 
 Owen Lovejoy,'' Princeton. 
 William K. Morrison, Waterloo. 
 Jesse O. Norton, Joliet. 
 James C. Kobinson, ^hirshall. 
 Lewis W. Ross, Lewistown. 
 John T. .^fuai-t, SpriuijIieUl. 
 Elihu B. Washburno, Galena. 
 
 Heurv 8. Lane, Crawfonlsville. 
 
 George W. .lulian, Centerville. 
 John Law, Kvausville. 
 James F. McDowell, Marion. 
 Godlove S. Orth, Layfayette. 
 Daniel W. Voorhees] Terre Haute. 
 
 James Harlan, Mount Pleasant. 
 
 John A. Kasson, Des Moines. 
 Hiram Price, Davenport. 
 James F. Wilson, Fairtield. 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 SKXATOHS. 
 
 James H. Lane, l^awieuce. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 A. Carter Wilder, Leavenworth 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 Samuel C. Pomerov, Atchison. 
 
 Garrett Davis, Paris. 
 
 Lucien Anderson, Mayiield. 
 Brntus J. Clay, Paris.' 
 Henry (irider, I?owling Green. 
 Aaron llardinj;, Greensburii. 
 Robert Mallory, Lagrange. 
 
 SENATORS, 
 iUI'RESENTATIVES. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 (N'acant.) 
 
 ^L\I^•|•;. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Nathan A. Farwell,/ Rockland. 
 William Pitt l'>sson<len,r/ Portland. 
 
 James G. I51aiue, .\ugusta. 
 Sidney Perhaiu, l*ari.a. 
 Frederick A. Pike, Calais. 
 
 REPRESEN-l'A'l-I V ES. 
 
 Lazarus AV. Powell, Henderson. 
 
 William H. Randall, L<indon. 
 Green Clav Smith, Covington. 
 Win. H. Wadsworth, :\Iaysville. 
 Geo. H. Yeaman, ' Owensboro. 
 
 Lot :\I. Morrill, .Vngusta. 
 
 John H. Rice, Fo.Kcroft. 
 lAirenzo D. M. Sweat, Portland. 
 
 " Kk'c'ti'cl ill pliice iif Owen Loveiov, deceased; Incik his sent JIiiv 20, 1864. 
 
 '' Died Miuvh 'iri, ISIU. 
 
 '• Klecli'd S|ieiikc'r Deeemher7, 1S(;3. 
 
 ''Klectiou uiisiii'cessfuUv ciilitested liv llUfrli M, Miirtill, 
 
 '■ Kleeliiiii llllsliecessfiilly ediileslr.l liv .loliii II. Mellenvv, 
 
 / Api>uinled in place of Williiim Pilt i''esselid.-n, vesiKiied: took his sent IVcemlier .1, lsr>.|. 
 
 1/ Resigned in 18U4. 
 
204 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 MAliYLAXD. 
 
 Tliiiiims II. Ilicks," Ciimliriiltre. 
 
 H EPRESEXTATI VES. 
 
 Jolm A. .1. Creswell. l^lkton. 
 Henry Winter Davis, Hiiltinion". 
 Benj. G. Harris, Lc-onar<lto\vn. 
 
 Reverdy Johnson, Baltimore. 
 
 Francis Thomas, Frankville. 
 Ivlwin H. Webster, Belair. 
 
 Charles Sumner, Boston. 
 
 MAPSACHTSETTS. 
 
 SKX.\TOIiS. 
 HEl'RESEXT.^TIVKS. 
 
 Henrv Wilson, Natick. 
 
 .Tolin B. Alley, Lynn. 
 C>akes Ames, North Easton. 
 John I). HaUhvin, Worcester, 
 (ieiirpo S. Boutwell, <iroton. 
 Henrv L. Dawes, Pittstield. 
 
 Thomas D. Eliot, New Bedford. 
 Daniel W. (iooch, Melrose. 
 Samuel Hoojier, Boston. 
 -Vlexander II. liice, Boston. 
 Wm. B. Washburn, Greenfield. 
 
 MICHIGAN. 
 
 SEX.\TOHS. 
 
 Zailiariali Chandler, Detroit. Jacob .M. llowunl, Detroit. 
 
 HKPRESEXTATIVBS. 
 
 .Vntrnstns C. Baldwin. Pontiac. 
 Fernan<to C. Beaman, .Vdrian. 
 .John F. 1 'rings, Ea.st Saginaw. 
 
 Francis W. Kellogg. Grand Rapids. 
 .Tohn W. Ixingyear. Lansing. 
 Charles T"p.son. Coldwater. 
 
 MIXNK.S)TA. 
 
 SEX.\TOH.S. 
 
 .Vlexiinder liamsey, St. Paul. Morton S. Wilkinson. Mankato. 
 
 REI'RE.sEXTAriVK>. 
 
 Ignatius Donnelly, Xininger. William Windom, WinOna. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 (Vacant. ) 
 
 KEPRESEXTATIVKS. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 ^IISSOURI. 
 
 B. (iralz Brown,'' St. L<Miis. 
 ,lohn r.. Henderson. Louisiana. 
 
 HErKE.SEXT.\TIVKs. 
 
 Francis P. Blair, jr.,'' St. Louis. 
 Henry T. Blow, St. Louis. 
 Semproniu.s H. Bovd, Springfield. 
 William A. Hall, I'lnnlsville. 
 Austin .\. King,'' Richmond. 
 Samuel Knox,' St. Louis. 
 
 Kiibert Wilson, St. Joseph. 
 
 Benjamin F. Loan,.'' St. .losoph. 
 .loseph W. M<Clurg,V Linn Crt'ek. 
 James S. Rollins, Columbia. 
 John (L S<'ott,* Irondale. 
 John W. Noell. ' 
 
 •■Died Fclinmrv 13, 1«». 
 
 '• KliiK.l In iiliici' of WiiMo Porter Ji>liii.«iiii, e.xpollffl in ISBi. Kiilnri Wilwui liiivniK li.cn ii|i|minlo<l pm lfni|i.irc; IcKik 
 hif* wHt Iirrcntuor 11. IS4l;t. 
 <• Klccliiin sniittwtiillv cuntiMi'"! Iiv Samiul Knox, 
 rfkli'ilion nnsniieH.'>(n11v conte«U'"l liy.liuiirs H. Blnli. 
 rSorcCHifnllv icMili-liil'llii' I'lfftinii ot KniMfiw P. HIriir. Jr.; liK)k lil» seat .liinc l.S, 1H64. 
 
 / Kliillon iMisu .-jfiillv cnnlcsH'il by .lolin I'. Hriuc. 
 
 i/Kltclii.ii lui-m ri-^«fullv lonii-stcil liy Tliimiii« L. Pri.c 
 li Ek'i'tliin Ull^Ml■l•^•^••(llllv tonU'st<.'il by Jiiiufs LlndMiy. 
 ' Wt<l .Mttfi'li H. ima. 
 
THIBTY-EIGHTH CONGKESS. 
 
 2U5 
 
 NEVADA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 .lames W. Nye," Carson City. Williain M. .Stewart," \'ir<»inia City. 
 
 KKrRESENT.\TlVE. 
 
 Henry O. Worthinarton,'' Austin. 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 SEN.^TOHS. 
 
 I>aniel Clarli, •' Manchester. .ruhn V. Hale, Dover. 
 
 HEPRESEMWTIVKS. 
 
 Daniel Marcy, Portsmoutli. Edwanl H. Rollins, Concord. 
 
 James W. Patterson, Hanover. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SEX.\TORS. 
 
 John C. Ten Eyck, Mount Holly. William Wriijht, Newark. 
 
 KEPRESEXT.VTIVES. 
 
 George Middleton, AUentown. 
 Nehemiah Perry, Newark. 
 Andrew J. Rogers, Newton. 
 
 .lohn F. .Starr, Camden. 
 William G. Steele, Somerville. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 SEX.^TORS. 
 
 Ira Harris, Albany. 
 
 KEPRESEXT.VTIVES. 
 
 James Brooks, New York. 
 John W. Chanler, New York. 
 Ambrose W. Clark, Watertown. 
 Freeman Clarke, Rochester. 
 Thomas T. Davis, Syracuse. 
 Reuben E. Fenton,'' Frewsburg. 
 Augustus Frank, Warsaw. 
 John Ganson, Buffalo. 
 John A. Griswold, Troy. 
 Anson Herrick, New York. 
 Giles W. Hotchkiss, Binghamton. 
 Calvin T. Hullmnl, Bra.-iher FalK 
 Martin Kalbfleisch, Brooklyn. 
 Orlando Kellogg, Elizabethtown. 
 Francis Kernan, T'tica. 
 De Witt C. Littlejohn, Oswego. 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SEX.VTORS. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 
 EPRESE.VT.VTIVES. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 OHIO. 
 
 Edwin D. Morgan, New York. 
 
 James .M. Marvin, Saratoga Springs. 
 Samuel F. Miller, Franklin. 
 Daniel Morris, Penn Yan. 
 Homer A. Nel.-on, Ponirhkeepsie. 
 Moses F. Odell, lirookjyn. 
 Theodore M. Pomeroy, Auburn. 
 John V. L. Pruyn, Albany. 
 William Radford, Yonkers. 
 Henry G. Stebbins, <" New Brighton, S. I. 
 John 15. Steele, Kingston. 
 Dwight Tmvnsend,.^' Clifton, S. I. 
 Robt. B. Van Valkenburgh, Bath. 
 Elijali Ward, New York. 
 Charles H. Wintield, (ioshen. 
 Benjamin Wood, New York. 
 Fernando Wood, New York. 
 
 John Sherman, Mansfield. 
 
 James M. Ashley, Toledo. 
 George Bliss, Wooster. 
 Samuel S, Cox, Columbus. 
 Ephraim R. Eckley, Carrollton. 
 Williain E. Finck, Somei'set. 
 James .\. (iartield, Hiram. 
 Wells ,\. Ilntcliiiis, Portsmoutli 
 William John.son, ilanslield. 
 Francis C. Le Blond, Celina. 
 Alexander Long, Cincinnati. 
 
 KEPRE.SEXT.\TIVES 
 
 Benjamin F. Waile, .Jefferson. 
 
 John F. McKinney, Piqua. 
 James R. Jlorris, Woodsfield. 
 Warren P. Noble, Tiffin. 
 John O'Neill. Zanesville. 
 George H. Pendlettm. Cincinnati. 
 Robert C. Scheiick, Dayton. 
 Rufus P. Spalding, Cleveland. 
 Chilton A. White, Georgetown. 
 Joseph W. White, Cambridge. 
 
 oTook his seat February 1, 186.5. 
 
 6 Took his scat December 21, 18W. 
 
 <* Elected President pro tempore .\pril 'Ji'.. Isiu. ain] Februarv '.». \sti?i. 
 
 ''Resigned llirember Id, 1864. 
 
 « Resigned in ls(i4. 
 
 / Elected in place of Henry G. Stebbins. resigned; took liis seat Iieci 
 
 niber .S. IStil. 
 
CONGRESSIONAL UIRKCTORY. 
 
 Benjamin V. Iliirdinj;, Sali^ni. 
 
 OREGON. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 .Iiinirs \V. Nosniith, Salem. 
 
 HKI-RRSENTATIVK. 
 
 .loliii K. 'MiHriilc. Lafavi'tli-. 
 
 I'KNNSVI.V.WIA. 
 
 SKXATOHS. 
 
 Charles K. liiickalew, 151n. mislnir;.'. 
 
 H K I' U KSE.NT.iTI V K.S. 
 
 Syili'iihaiii I'.. Aiicona, Iteading. 
 .Tosepli I?aily, NewiMirt. 
 John M. Uriiomall, Media. 
 .\lexancier H. Cciffrolli, Somerset. 
 Jolin L. Dawson, lirownsvilie. 
 Cliarles Ilension. \V i 1 Ivesbarre. 
 .Tames T. Hale, Hellefoiite. 
 Philij) .lohnson. I'.aston. 
 William I>. Kelley, I'hiladelphia. 
 Jesse l,a/.iar, Wavneslmrg. 
 .VrehiliaM M.Alli'st.r, Sprinnlield. 
 William U. .Miller, llarrisburjr. 
 
 I'.ilpir Cowan, ( Jreensliurt;. 
 
 James K. Moorheail, Pittsbun;. 
 Amo.s Myers, Clarion. 
 Leonard .Mvers " Philadelphia. 
 Charles O'N.'ill. Pliiladeli>hia. 
 Samuel .1. Kandall. Philadelphia. 
 Glenni W. Scotield, Warren. 
 Thad<leus Stevens. Lancaster. 
 John li. Stiles, .VUeiitown. 
 Mver Strouse, Pott.sville. 
 M! Rus.sell Thayer,'' Chestnut Hill. 
 Henry W. Tracy, Standiii); Stone. 
 Thomaj* Williams, Pittsburg. 
 
 Henrv li. .Vnthonv, I'mvidenc 
 
 Natlian I". T)ixoii, Westerly. 
 
 Jacob Collamer. WoodstiM-k. 
 
 PortU8 Baxter, Derby Line. 
 Justin S. Morrill, Strafford. 
 
 Lemuel .1. I'.owden.'' 
 
 KIKiDK ISLAND. 
 
 SKXATOHS. 
 KEI'KESKXT.\T1 \' BS. 
 
 ■^OUTII CAKOLINA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 
 KEPK&SENTATIVKS. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 
 • REPREJSK.NTATIVES. 
 
 ( Vacant. ) 
 TEXAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 ( Vacant. ) 
 
 KKI'KI->4KNT.\TIVES. 
 
 ( Vacant. ) 
 VKK.MONT. 
 
 SENATOH.S. 
 UECKI-XK.VrATIVKS. 
 
 VIR(JINL\. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 KEI'RhXK.STATIVES. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 
 William Sprague, Providence. 
 
 Tliomas X. .Tenckes, Providence. 
 
 .Solomon Foot,'' Rutlan 
 
 Fred. K. Woo<ibrid)ie, Verjjenne 
 
 John S. Carlile, Clarkslmrj;. 
 
 '•Elecllcin iiiiiiufccsiihilly contested by John Kline. 
 ^Ele<•tion unsnceewfully nmleslcd l>y C. W. C'lirriKiin. 
 
 "• Elected im-sldent pro tempore February 23 18W. 
 
 •' nii-il .iHniiiiry ■.'. 18<H. 
 
THIRTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. 207 
 
 WEST VIRGINIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Waitinan T. Willey," Morgantown. Peter G. Van Winkle," Parkersburg. 
 
 BEPRESEST.VTIVES. 
 
 Jacob B. Blair," Parkersburg. Killian V. Whaley," Point Pleasant. 
 
 William G. Brown," Kingwood. 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 SEX,\TOHS. 
 
 James R. Doolittle, Racine. Timothy 0. Howe, Green Bay. 
 
 KEPRESENT.\Tn ES. 
 
 James S. Brown, Milwaukee. Walter D. Mclndoe, Warsaw. 
 
 Amasa CobI), Mineral Point. Ithamar C. Sloan, Janesville. 
 
 Chas. A. Eldridge, Fond du Lac. Ezra Wheeler, Berlin. 
 
 ARIZONA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEO.^TE. 
 
 Charles D. Boston, Tubac. 
 COLORADO TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEG.\TE. 
 
 Hiram P. Bennett, Denver. 
 DAKOTA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATES. 
 
 William Jayne. f-' John B. S. Todd, ' Yankton 
 
 IDAHO TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 William H. Wallace, Lewiston. 
 MONTANA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Samuel !McLean,'' Bannack City. 
 NEBRASKA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELECi-iTE. 
 
 Samuel (t. Daily, Peru. ■ 
 NEVADA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATES. 
 
 Gordon N. ilott, •" Carson City. tienry (i. A\'orthington, Austin. 
 
 TERRITORY OF NEW .MEXICO. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Francisco Perea, .'' Bernalillo. 
 UTAH TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 John F. Kinney, Salt Lake City. 
 WASHIN( ;T( in TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 George E. Cole, Walla Walla. 
 
 a Took his seat December 7, 1863. 
 
 I' Ek'Ctinn svicce.xsfiiUy contested by ,Tohn B. S. Todd. 
 
 '■Successfully contested the election of William Jayne; took liis seat June 13, 1S64. 
 
 (I Took his seat January li. 1S65. 
 
 *' Took his seat January 11, 1.S64. 
 
 / Election unsuccessfully contested by J. M. (iallegos. 
 
T 1 1 1 KT Y-XIXTH COXU KEISS. 
 
 FirsI »usion,froin December 4, lS6o,toJulti 28,1S66. Second session, from Decembers, ISHG, to Murch 3,1867. 
 
 Vire-rri'nident." Presiile»ls of Ike ,%'niile jn-o (empore. — LAKAYinTE S. F<istkr, of Connecticut, elected 
 March 7, 1865, in s-pecial sef'sioii; Bex.iamin F. Waue, of C)liio, elected March 2, 1807. Semlani of the 
 Senate. — John W. Forney, of PeiinM.vlvania. 
 
 Spetiker of the jf/uiWf, — ScuLVLEU CoLKAX,of Indiana. Clerk of the House. — Edward McPhersox,o£ 
 Pennsvhania. 
 
 .Inlin Tonness, Sacramento. 
 
 •lohn Bidwell, Chico. 
 William Hijrbv, Calaveras. 
 
 .lame." Kixon, Ilartloril. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 .SENATORS. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 
 representatives. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 
 ARKAXSA.S. 
 
 SEX.\T0RS. 
 
 (Vacant. ) 
 
 REPRE.SENTATI VE.-*. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 CALIFORNIA. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 REPRESEXTATI VES. 
 
 COXXECTICIT. 
 
 SENATOR.S. 
 
 REPRE.SEXTATIVES. 
 
 Au;;ustUH Br.indey;ee. New London, 
 llcnrv C. Deminir, llartlurd. 
 
 James .\. McDougall, San Francisco, 
 honald C. McKuer, San Francisco. 
 
 Ijilayette S. Foster,'' Norwich. 
 
 John H. Hubbard, Litchfield. 
 Samuel L. Warner, Middletown. 
 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 George Read RidiUe, Wilmington. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 John .\. Nicholson, Dover. 
 FLORIDA. 
 
 SEXATORS. 
 
 (Vacant. ) 
 
 reprenentativk. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 
 OEOROIA. 
 
 SEXATORS. 
 
 ( Vacant. ) 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 ( Vacant. ) 
 
 Willard Saulabury, Georgetown. 
 
 « Vlc-i-Pru!ii(l.iit Aiulrt-w JohiiMiii liccaiiu' Pi\-slcleiit by tbedvath of AbrBlmm Lliionlii. April l.l. l.vlV 
 b Eliitcd JTi'sldi'Dt pro I(.-m|ion- Murcli 7, istij. 
 
 208 
 
THIRTY-NINTH CONGRESS. 
 
 209 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Lyman Trumbull, Chicago. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Jehu Bakes, Belleville. 
 
 Henry P. H. Broinwell, Charleston. 
 
 Burton C. (Viok, Ottawa. 
 
 Shelby >L Cullom, Springfield. 
 
 John F. Farnsworth, St. C harles. 
 
 Abner C. Harding, Monmouth. 
 
 Ebon C. Inger.soll, Peoria. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 SEX.\TORS. 
 
 Henry S. T^ane, Crawfordsville. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Schuyler Colfax," South Bend. 
 Josei)h H. Defrees, Goshen. 
 Ebenezer Huniont, ItKiiana])olis. 
 John H. Farquhar, Brookville. 
 Ralph Hill, Columljus. 
 George W. Julian, Centreville. 
 
 James \V. Grimes, Burlington. 
 James Harlan,'' Mount Pleasant. 
 
 William B. Allison, Dubuque. 
 .Tosiah B. Grinnell, (irinnell. 
 Asahel W, Hubbard, Sioux Citv. 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 James H. Lane,/ Lawrence. 
 Samuel C. Pomeroy, Atchison. 
 
 Richard Yates, Jacksonville. 
 
 Andrew J. Kuykendall, Vienna. 
 Saml. S. Jlarsball, McLeansboro. 
 Samuel W. Moulton, Shelbyville. 
 Lewis W. Ross, Lewistown. 
 Anthony Thornton, Shelbyville. 
 Elihu B. Washburne, Galena. 
 John Wentworth, Chicago. 
 
 Thomas .V. Hendricks, Indianapolis. 
 
 Michael C. Kerr, New .\lbany. 
 William E. Nililack, Vini-ennes. 
 Godlove S. Orth, Lafayette. 
 Thomas N. Stilhvell. Anderson. 
 Daniel W. Yoorhees, '' Terre Haute. 
 Henrv D. Washburn, '" Clinton. 
 
 Samuel J. Kirkwooi], ■ Iowa Citv. 
 
 John A. Kasson, Des Moines. 
 Hiram Price, Davenpoit. 
 James F. Wilson, Fairfield. 
 
 Edmund G. Ross,;/ Lawrence. 
 
 REPRESENT.\TIVE. 
 
 Sidney Clarke, Lawrence. 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 Garrett Davis, Paris. 
 
 SEN.WORS. 
 
 REPRE.SENT ATI V ES. 
 
 Henry Grider,'' Rowling Cireen. 
 Aaron Harding, (ireensburg. 
 Elijah Hise, ' Russellville. 
 Samuel ^IcKee, Mount Sterling. 
 William H. Randall, London. 
 Burwell C. Ritter, Hopkinsville. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SEN.4T0RS. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 
 EEPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 (Vacant. ) 
 
 James Guthrie, Louisville. 
 
 Lovell H. Rousseau,./ Louisville. 
 George S. Shanklin, Nicholasville. 
 tireeii Clay Smith. ^ Covington. 
 Lawrence S. Trimble, Paducah. 
 Andi-ew H. Ward,' Cyntliiana. 
 
 (lEU'cti-il SprnkiT liccriiilier 4, ISOri. 
 
 '' KIriti-'ii vti.rfssfully cdiitested by Henry D. Woshljum. 
 
 (' Siic-cf^siully coiitt'si'cil the election of Daniel W. Voorhees; took his .seat February '23, 18(JG. 
 
 '' Resigned Jtay 15. Isijo. having been appointed Secretary of the Interior. 
 
 '■ Elected in place of .lames Harlan, resigned; took his seiit January 24, 1866. 
 
 /Died July 11. miO. 
 
 it Ai'i>oiiited in place of James H. Lane, deceased; took his seat July 2f>, 1S6G. 
 
 ''Hied Se|itenibcrl4, ]Sli6. 
 
 ' IClrctetl in place of Henry Grider, deceased; took his seat December 3, 1.S66. 
 
 J Resigned July 21, 1866; siibsequently i-eeleeted, and took his seat December 3, 1866. 
 
 A- Resigned in 1866. 
 
 ' I'-leeted in place of Green Clay Smith, resigned; took his seat December ;J, 1866. 
 
 H. Doc. 45S- 
 
 -14 
 
210 
 
 CONURESSION A I, UII{K< TORY. 
 
 MAINK. 
 
 SKN ATOKS. 
 
 William I'itt I'V.-it-oinli'ii, I'lirtliinil. 
 
 KKPRKSKNTATIVEN. 
 
 James (>. Blajiii>, Ainriinta. 
 .loliii Lviicli, IVirtlatiil. 
 Siiliu'v I'irliaiii, Taiis, 
 
 .Idlm A. .1. Cn'swcll. KIkton. 
 
 Ik'iij. (i. Harris, Lconanltuwii. 
 Hiram McCiilldu^rli. Klktnii. 
 Charles K. I'heljis, HalliiiKire. 
 
 .MAHVI.ANH. 
 
 .SKNATOK-S. 
 lli:i'Hh>ENT.\TIVK>*. 
 
 l.ut M. .Morrill, Aiinuj-ta. 
 
 Fre«leriek A. I'ike, ('nlais. 
 .loliii II. Kii'e, Koxeroft. 
 
 Reverdy .Tulinynn, Hallitiinre. 
 
 Kraneis Thomas, Frankville. 
 .Inlin I„ Tlioiiias, jr. . Baltimore. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Charles Smnmr. Unstiiii. 
 
 KKI'UESENTATI V Ks 
 
 John B. Alley, Lynn. 
 Oakes Ames, .North Kaston. 
 John D. HaMwin. Worcester. 
 Nathaniel P. I'.anks," Walt ham. 
 (ieorge S. Boutwell, Groton. 
 
 MKllU.AN. 
 
 8EN.\TOR.S. 
 
 Zaehariali Chandler, Detroit. 
 
 UKran-KNTA rivKs. 
 
 Fernando ('. Beaman, .\drian. 
 John V. I>rij.'!.'s, Kast Saginaw. 
 Thomas W. Kerrv. (irand Haven. 
 
 l)aniel S. Norti>n, Winona. 
 Ignatius Donnelly, Hastings. 
 
 B. (Tfatz IVrown, St. l.onis. 
 
 MINNESOTA. 
 
 SKNATORS. 
 ltEl'KI->KNT.\ri\ Ks. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 SKNATORS. 
 
 ( Vacant. ) 
 
 KKl'KIiSENTATIVKS. 
 
 ( Vacant. ) 
 MI.SMJlKI. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 HEI'RESENTATIVES. 
 
 llcnrv Wilson, Natick. 
 
 Henrv L. Dawes, Pittsfield. 
 Thoiilas D. Kliot, New Be<iford. 
 Sainnel lIoo|>i'r. Boston. 
 Alexander II. Kice, Boston. 
 William B. Washhurn, (ireenfield. 
 
 Jacnli M. Ilowaril. Detroit. 
 
 John W. Longyear, Lansing. 
 K. v.. Trowbridge, Birmingham. 
 Charles Upson, Coldwater. 
 
 .Mexander Ramsey. Si. Paid. 
 William Winilom, Winona. 
 
 George W. .\nderson, I..oiiisiana. 
 John'K. Benjamin. Palmyra. 
 Henry T. Blow, St. Louis. 
 John'llogan, St. Louis, 
 •lohn H. Kelso, SpringtieM. 
 
 James W. Nye, Carson City. 
 
 NEVADA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 .lohn B. Henderson, Louisiana. 
 
 Benjamin F. Ix)an, St. .Tosep''. 
 Joseph W. McChinr. Linn Creek. 
 Thomas K. Noell. IVrryville. 
 KoU-rt T. Van Horn. Kan.«as Cilv. 
 
 William M. Stewart. Virginia Citv. 
 
 UEI'RESENTATIVE. 
 
 Delos 1{. Ashley, Virginia City. 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 SENATOR.S. 
 
 Daniel Clark.'' Manchester. 
 Aaron 11. Cragin, Ix'hanon. 
 
 (iilman Marston, ICxeter. 
 Jami's W. Patterson, Hanover. 
 
 1<KPHKSKXT.\T1VI*. 
 
 (ieorge (!. Fojjg. <■ ConeonL 
 
 Kdward H. Rollins, Conconi. 
 
 ■ Kleflcd In plHOC o( D. W. Gonoh. rcalgncfl In 1865. 
 
 '■ Ki'-iienrd .7uly i". IRfW. 
 
 •■ Afipiilntwl In iiliio' i>( nmiii'l cliirk. n^lirm-il; IiH>k liln wnl IukviiiIkt 3, ISK".. 
 
THIRTY-NINTH CONGRESS. 
 
 211 
 
 ^^EW JERSEY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Alexander G. Cattell," Camden. 
 Frederick T. Frelinghuysen, * Newark. 
 
 RKPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William ,V. Newell, .\lleiitown. 
 Andrew J. Rogers, Newton. 
 Charles Sitgreaves, Pliillipsburg. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 John P. Stockton, c Tienton. 
 William Wright,'' Newark. 
 
 John F. Starr, Camden. 
 
 Edwin R. V. Wright, Hudson City. 
 
 Ira Harris, ADianv 
 
 REPRESENT.ITIVES. 
 
 Tennis G. Bergen, New Utrecht. 
 James Brooks, '' New York. 
 John AV. Chanler, New York. 
 Roscoe Conkling, Utioa. 
 AVilliam A. Darlin, New York. 
 Thomas T. Davi.s, Syracuse. 
 William E, Dodge,.'" New Y'ork. 
 Charles (ioodyear, Schoharie. 
 John A. (iriswold, Troy. 
 Roliert S. Hale, IClizabethtown. 
 Roswell Hart, Rochester. 
 Sidney T. Holmes, Morrisville. 
 Giles W. Hotchkiss, Binghamton. 
 Demas Hubbard, jr., Smyrna. 
 Eklwin N. Hubbell, Coxs'ackie. 
 Calvin T. Hulburd, Brasher Falls. 
 James Humphrey,!/ Brooklyn. 
 
 Edwin 1). ibirgan. New York. 
 
 James M. Humphrey, Buffalo. 
 John AV. Hunter,/' Brooklyn. 
 Morgan Jones, New York. 
 Orlando Kellogg. ' 
 John H. Ketcham, Dover. 
 AddLson H. Latlin, Herkimer. 
 James M. Marvin, Saratoga Springs. 
 Daniel Morris, Penn Yan. 
 Theodore M. Pomeroy, Auburn. 
 AVilliam Radford, Y^onkers. 
 Henry J. Raymond, New A'ork. 
 Stephen Taber, Roslyn. 
 Nelson Taylor, NewYork. 
 Henry A'an Aernam, Franklinville. 
 Burt A'an Ht)rn, Newfane. 
 Hamilton Ward, Belmont. 
 Charles H. AViufield, Goshen. 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 ( A'^acant. ) 
 
 REPRESE.N'TATIVES. 
 
 ( A''acant. ) 
 ( )HIO. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John Sherman, Mansfield. 
 
 RE1'KESENT.\TIVES 
 
 James il. Ashley, Toledo. 
 John A. Bingham, Cadiz. 
 Ralph P. Buckland, Fremont. 
 Hezekiah S. Bundy, Reeds Mill. 
 Reader W, Clarke, Batavia. 
 Columbus Delano, <■ Mount A'ernon. 
 Ephriam R. p>kley, Carrollton. 
 Benjamin Eggleston, Cincinnati. 
 AVilliam E. Finck, Somerset. 
 James A. Garfield, Hiram. 
 
 ( )REGON. 
 
 Benjamin F. Wade, ./' Jefferson. 
 
 Rutherford B. Hayes, Cincinnati. 
 James R. Hubbell, Delaware. 
 AA'illiara Lawrence, Bellefonte. 
 Francis C. Le Blond, Celina. 
 Tobias A. IMants, Pomeroy. 
 Robert C. Sclu-nck, Dayton. 
 Samuel Shellabarger, Springfield. 
 Rufus P. Sjialding, Cleveland. 
 Martin AVelker, Wooster. 
 
 James AV. Nesinitb, Salem. 
 
 KEPRESEXT-VTIVE. 
 
 George H. AVilliams, Turtland. 
 
 John H. D. Henderson, Eugene City. 
 
 a Electcrl ill plnoe of John P. Stockton, who.se seat was declared vacant; took liis seat December 3, li>b6 
 
 (lAppoiiited in place of W illiam Wri^ln, deceased; took his seat December 3. I8GC. 
 
 '■beat declared vacant .March 27, 1866. 
 
 dDied November 1, 1866. 
 
 <■ Election succes.sfully contested bv William E. Dodge. 
 
 /Successiullv contested the election of James Brooks: took hi.s seat April 7 1866 
 
 ffDicil .Innc 1(>. 1S()6. 
 
 /lElci'tcd 111 ]>!nceof James Humphrey, deceased; took his seat December •) 1866. 
 
 I Died AUKUst 24, 1866. 
 
 jElected President pro tempore March 2. 1867 
 
 i- Election unsuccessfully contested bv Charles FollctI 
 
212 
 
 CONORKSSIONAL 1)1 R?;( TORY, 
 
 I'ENNSVI.VANIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Charles K. Biickalew, BlcKjmsbun:. 
 
 REPRESKNTATIVES. 
 
 Sydenham E. Aiicona, Heailiiii!. 
 Abraham A. Barker, Kdenhnrp. 
 Benjiiiniii M. B<iycr, Norristown. 
 John M. BnioMiall, Me>lia. 
 Alexander 11. t'dlfrotli," Somerset. 
 Charle.s V. C\ilver, Franklin 
 John I-. Dawson,'' Brownsville. 
 Charles Dennison, Wilkesliarre. 
 .■\ilani J. (ilo.sshrenner, York. 
 I'liilii> Johnson, '' Kaston. 
 William 1>. Kelley, rhila(iel]>hia. 
 William II. Koon"tz,'' Somerset. 
 (ieoriie V. l,awrenee, MononjiaheUi City. 
 
 KIIODK ISLAND. 
 
 SKNATOHS. 
 
 Henry I'., .\ntliony, I'roviilenci'. 
 
 Nathan !•'. Dixon, Westerly. 
 
 KKeRESKNTATIVt-S. 
 
 Kil«ar Cowan, < ireensbun.'. 
 
 Ulysses Mercur, Towanila. 
 tieorne F. Miller, Louisbnrg. 
 James K. Moorhead, I'ittslmrg. 
 I.*?onar(l Mvers, Philadeliihia. 
 Charles O'Neill, I'liiladelphia. 
 Sanniel J. Handall, I'liiladi Iphia. 
 Glenni W. Seoli.ld, Warren. 
 Thaddens Stevens, Lanca.»ter. 
 Myer Strou.se, Pott.sville. 
 M' Kussell Thayer, Chestnut Hill. 
 Thomas AVilliaiiis, Pittshurt;. 
 Stephen F. Wilson, AVellsbf>n). 
 
 William .Sprague, Providence. 
 Thoma.s \. Jenekes. Providence. 
 
 j^olTll CAROLINA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 ( Vacant. ) 
 
 KBPRKSENTATIVK.S. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 
 Jacob Calilamer.' 
 
 Joseph S, Fowler,.'' NashvilU'. 
 
 TKNNKSSKK. 
 
 .SBNATOR.S. 
 
 HKI'IUXKNTATIVh^^. 
 
 Sanniel M. Arnell,'' Columbia. 
 William B. Campbell,'' behaiiou. 
 Eilmund Cooper,.' Shelby ville. 
 Isaac I!. Hawkins.'' llimtui<.'ilon. 
 
 David T. Patterson,!/ (ireeneville. 
 
 John W. Lei'tw ich, .'' Memphis. 
 Horace Mavnard, ' Knoxville. 
 William B." Stokes, '' Liberty. 
 Nathaniel G. Tavlor, ' Happy N alley. 
 
 TEXAS. 
 
 SKSATORS. 
 
 ( Vacant. ) 
 
 UEPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 (Va.-ant.) 
 VEKMONT. 
 
 SKNATOHS. 
 
 George F. Edmunds.,' Burlington. 
 Solomon Foot,' Hutlaiid. 
 
 UKrKKSKNTATIVKS. 
 
 Portus Baxter, Derby Line. 
 
 Justin S. Morrill. Strafford. ,.,,„.,.., v 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 ( Vacant. ) 
 
 ItKlMlESENTATIVI->. 
 
 ( Vacant. ) 
 
 LukeB. Poland,' St. Johnslniry. 
 Fred. K. Woodl.ridge, Vetyeiines. 
 
 ,.l«,k l.is «o.. KW.ruarv 19. 1«6«; cU-.tl..i. x.ioecs-fully contested by Willla.n H. Koonti. 
 
 hKlicli...! iiiiMiicu.-wtiilly 0(>iili'.-ti-<l l.ySinllh Fuller. 
 
 ;; J:;;:'.;Sv V^\S t.,c el«..lo,. ..r Al.x««.l.r ... .■..««...,: ..K.k hi- «•». ••n-y IH. ^^. 
 
 r Kifcl Ncivciiihcr s. Is6.^. 
 
 /TcMik hlM -iill .nilv i"), ISfifi. 
 
 xT;:li l;i: :::«! ];:':;.^^?l!:-.s«.i; eie........ n..«u.-...^r„uy ......cc ..y ....r^cy b. Th..„.«.. 
 
 iKWH.!;.' hM";,.I"'i:t'^.'.l'ron F.h.., dcce»«.l: ..-.W ..l»«-». DcecnU-r;.. ..s*... 
 U'l:,K,hu:i'hf,.ll.c;>«t...,cn..r....an».r. ..ecBM... K..v..m.H.r S. ,«»: look hi, «•«. Dc.cen,.K.r 4. ,«& 
 
THIRTY-NINTH CONGRESS. - 213 
 
 WEST VIRGINIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Peter (t. Van Winkle, Parkersburg. Waitmaii T. Willey, Morgantown. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Cheater D. Hubbard, Wheeling. Killian V. Whaley, Point Pleasant. 
 
 George R. Latham, (irafton. 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 James R. Doolittle, Racine. Timothy O. Howe, Green Bay. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Aniasa Cobb, Mineral Point. Halbert E. Paine, Milwaiikee. 
 
 Chas. A. Eldridge, Fond du Lac. Philetus Sawyer, Oshkosh. 
 
 Walter D. Mclndoe, Warsaw. Ithainar C. Sloan, Janesville. 
 
 ARIZONA TERRITORY 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 John N. Goodwin, Prescott. 
 COLORADO TERRITORY. 
 
 I)ELEG.\TE. , 
 
 Allen A. Bradford, Denver. 
 DAKOTA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Walter A. Burleigh, Yankton. 
 IDAHO TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 E. D. Holhrnok, Idaho City. 
 MONTANA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Samuel McLean, Bannack City. 
 NEBRASKA TERRITORY." 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Phineas \V. Hitchcock, Omaha. 
 TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 J. Francisco Chaves, Santa Fe. 
 UTAH TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 William H. Hooper, Salt Lake City. 
 WASHINGTON TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Arthur A. Denny, Seattle. 
 
 n Became a state Miirch 1, 1867. 
 
FORTIETH COXGKESS. 
 
 Fir.ll sessiim, Jrnm Mnrch 4, 1SH7, In .Uarcli .10, /.wr,- ./id;/ .?, 1S67, to ./«/;/ iO, 1867; Noremher SI, ISO?, ic 
 Deceinlier ii, 18(17. Second .■onnion, fniin Decemlin- -j, 1SG7, In Jrilii ^7, 1868; •Seplinnbir 21, 1868, hi 
 Seulember 21, 1868; Octnhtr 16, 1868, to Ocluber 16, 1868; November 10, 1868, In yovember 10, 1868. 
 Third wnfiiiii, fiiim Drcniibrr 7, /.s'W, In Horch .i, 1S6U. 
 
 Vice-Prenlitrnt." l'r<viiln)l nf lltf .Srmile pm Irmporr. — Ben.iamix V. Wadk. of Ohio. .Kiretarief of 
 the Seiialr. — John W. Kohxkv, of IViuisylvaiiia: (iKon<;E I'. (ioniiAM. of California, cleileil Jniif 4, ISCS. 
 
 Sficaker.i uj' llir Jloit.ie. — SihiylekC'olkax, uf Indiana; TheodokeM. 1'omekov, of N>'w York, elected 
 March 3, 18(J9. Clerk o/ the Hou^e. — Edward MiPherson, of Pennsylvania. 
 
 George K. Sjiencer, '■ Decatur. 
 
 A1,.\P..\.MA. 
 
 SEXATOR.S. 
 HEPRH4EXTATIVE.S. 
 
 Chac. \y. Buckli'V,'' Montjiomcrv. 
 John B. t"allis,< iluntsville. 
 Tliomas Ilaughey, '' Decatur. 
 
 AHK.VNS.\8. 
 
 SKN.\TOH.<. 
 
 Alexander McI>onalil,' Little Koi-k, 
 
 KEPKESENTATIVEK. 
 
 Thomas Boles,.'' Dardanelle. 
 Janie;- T. Klliott,:' Camden. 
 
 CALIFORNIA. 
 
 SKXATOKS. 
 KKl'UhXKXTATIVh>. 
 
 CONNIXTICUT. 
 
 SKXATOK.S, 
 ItKI'HtSENTATIVES. 
 
 I'lius Cole, San Francisco. 
 
 8ainl. B. Axtell, ' San Francisci 
 William Iligy, ' Calavelira.-. 
 
 Janie.'< Dixon, Hartford. 
 
 William 11. Marnum,.' Lime Kock. 
 JuliuM IIotehki8.x, Middletown. 
 
 Willard Warner,* Montgomery, 
 
 Francis W. Kellogg,'' Mohile. 
 Benjamin W. Xorris, ■' Elmore, 
 CharU'S W. Pierce,'' DenioiMjlis. 
 
 Benjamin F. Kice, ' Little Rock. 
 
 .Tames Hinds.'' 
 
 1/igan H. Koot.s,.'' Devalls Bluff. 
 
 ,Iohn Conness, ( ieorgetown, 
 .la.-*. .V. Johnson,' Downieville. 
 
 Orris* S. Ferry, Xorwalk. 
 
 Hicharti D. lluhhanl, llartfonl. 
 Henrv H. Starkweaiher, Norwich. 
 
 o Andri'W Johiiw>n iMTftmc Prf^Ulent I>y (hf tletilli of Attrabain I.iiu-dlii. 
 
 fcTinik lii».«ciit .Inly iS. IS4VK. 
 
 cT(K)k Ills .•'lilt Jul.v JI. IhtiS. 
 
 <ITm)k lii.s seiil -luly ;►.'. l.siw. 
 
 ••Ti>i>l! Ills Milt .liiiii- Jit. !!«;». 
 
 .f Tivik M-i «nl .hiiii' ai, |.'4<W. 
 
 u Kli'i'tod ill pliicf iif .luim-' Hinils, ilei-oiisol; ttxik Ills wal Jmiuary 13. 1869. 
 
 '•T.»>k liiKSont-luiifJl. IMW: >ll>-il (VtoUT 22, 1S6K. 
 
 'TiHik liixKoat NiivenilKr21. MUM. 
 
 JSciit uusucvvsalully coiitfMli'il. 
 
 214 
 
FORTIETH CONGRESS. 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 215 
 
 James A. Bayard, " Wilmington. 
 George Kead Kiddle,'' Wilmington. 
 
 Willard Saulsbury, Georgetown. 
 
 REPRESEXT.\TI V E. 
 
 John A. Nicholson, Dover. 
 ' FLORIDA. 
 
 SES.\TORS. 
 
 Thomas W. Osborn,'; Pensacola. Adonijah 8. Welch,'' Jacksonville. 
 
 REPRESEXTATIVE. 
 
 Charles JI. Hamilton, ' ^larianna. 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 
 REPRESENT.VTIVES. 
 
 Joseph W. Clift,/ Savannah. 
 W. P. Edwards,.' Butler. 
 Samuel F. Gove,.'' Griswoldville. 
 
 Charles H. Prince,.^ Augusta. 
 
 Nelson Tift./' Albany. 
 
 P. M. B. Young,.'' Cartersville. 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 Lvnian Trumbull, Chicago. 
 
 SEXATOR.S. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Jehu Baker, Belleville. 
 
 Henry P. H. Bromwell, 'Charleston. 
 
 Alljert G. Burr, Winchester. 
 
 Burton C. Conk, Ottawa. 
 
 Shelby M. Cullom, Springtield. 
 
 John F. Farnsworth, St. Charles. 
 
 Abner C. Harding, Monmouth. 
 
 Richard Yates, Jacksonville. 
 
 Ebon C. Ingersoll, Peoria. 
 Norman B. Judd, Chicago. 
 John A. Logan. Carbondale. 
 Samuel S. Marshall. McLeansboro. 
 Green B. Raum. Harrisburg. 
 Lewis "\V. Ross, Lew iston. 
 Elihu B. Washburne, Galena. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Thomas A. Hemlricks, Indianapolis. Oliver P. Mortiin. Indianajiolis. 
 
 REPRESENT.VTIVES. 
 
 John Coburn, Indianapolis. 
 Schuyler Colfax,!/ South Bend. 
 William S. Holman, Aurora. 
 Morton C. Hunter, Bloomington. 
 George W. Julian, Centerville. 
 Michael C. Kerr, New Albany. 
 
 William E. Niblack, Mncennes. 
 Godlove S. Orth, Lafavette. 
 John P. C. Shanks. Jay. 
 Henry D. Washburn, ('liuton. 
 William AMlliams, \A'arsaw. 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 James W. (trimes, Burlington. 
 
 I!EPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 William B. Allison, Dubuque. 
 Grenville M. Dciilge, Council Bluffs. 
 Asahel W. Hubbard, Sioux City. 
 
 James Harlan, ilount Pleasant. 
 
 William Loughridge, t)skaloosa. 
 Hiram Price. Davenport. 
 James F. Wilson, Fairtield. 
 
 oAppointed in place of George Read Riddle, deceased; took his seat April 11. 1867. 
 '' Died March 29. 1867. e Took his seat .1 iilv 1 . 1S68. 
 
 ■•Took his seat June 30. 1868. .fTook his seat Jul'v -J.i, 1S6S. 
 
 I' Took his seat July 2, 1868. a Elected Speaker March 4, 1867. 
 
216 
 
 CO^UKKS61U>'AL DIKKCXUKV, 
 
 Samuel C. Pomeroy, Atchison. 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 8EN.\TOKS. 
 
 Kiliiiiiiiil (i. Kotw, I.a\t I'ence. 
 
 REPRE8EXTATI V E. 
 
 Sidney Clarke, Ijiwreiice. 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 »EK.\TOHS. 
 
 Garrett Davis, Paris. 
 Jauie^ Guthrie," Louisville. 
 
 REPRESEXT.\TIVES. 
 
 Geo. M. Adams, <■ Barbonrsvilli". 
 James B. Beck.'' Lexin^'tcm. 
 Jacobs, (iollailaty,' .\lll•ll^'ville. 
 Asa P. Grover,'' Louisville. 
 Tliomas L. Jones, .'" Newport. 
 
 John S. Harris, J Vidalia. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 W. Ja-sjier Blackburn.* llonicr. 
 James Mann,* New Orleans. 
 Jos. P. Newshani,* Fraucesville. 
 
 Thonia.s C. McCreery, '' Owenslwro. 
 
 J. Proctor Knott,'' Louisville. 
 Samuel McKe*-,!' Mount Sterling. 
 Uuvrence S. Trimble,'' Pa<lucah. 
 Elijah Hise. ' 
 
 \Villian) Pitt Kcllogp,.' New Orleans. 
 
 J. H. Synher,*' New (>rleans. 
 Michael Vidal,* O|x?lousas. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 William Pitt Fessenden, Portland. Lot M. Morrill, .\ugusta. 
 
 RKPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 James G. Blaine, Augusta. 
 John Lvnch. Portland. 
 Sitlney Verham, Paris. 
 
 John .\. Peters, Bangor. 
 Frederick A. Pike, Calais. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 SEX.\TOR.S. 
 
 Reverdy Johnson, ' Baltimore. \V. I'inkney Wliyte," Baltimore. 
 
 George Vickers,'" Chestertown. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Stevenson .\rcher, Belair. 
 Hiram McCulloiigh, Elkton. 
 Charles E. Phelps," Baltimore. 
 
 Fretlerick Stone, Port Tol>acco. 
 Francis Thomas, Frankville. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 Charles Sumner, Boston. 
 
 Oakes .\mes. North Eiuston. 
 John l>. HaMwin. Worcester. 
 Nalliaiiii-1 1'. Hanks, Waltham. 
 George S. Boutwell, (iroton. 
 Benjamin F. Hutler, (iloucester. 
 
 SEXATOR.S. 
 
 UEPRESENTATlVh> 
 
 IliMiry Wilson, Natick. 
 
 Ibiirv L. Dawes, Pittsfielil. 
 Thonias D. Eliot, New Hedfoni. 
 Samuel IIoo|nT. Boston. 
 • iinerv Twicliell, Brooklinc. 
 Win. b. Washburn, tirceiiticld. 
 
 1 ResigiH-il Fi'bruari.'. IstW. 
 
 * Elccli-rt III i>lai-o o( Jiinies Guthrii-, resigned: took his seal Fcbrunry 28, 1868. 
 •■Took lii< .•'(•lit .Inly s. lsi;7. 
 'iTiK.k liissi'iit lU'coiiiliiT 3. IStiT. 
 
 f KIi'cUmI in pliicc of Klijah Hist*. (UtoiwimI May s. is<;7: look liU seal December .%, ise". 
 /'FiHik his Meat lUirinliir 4, INiT. 
 
 i;Siui es-fiilly r»nu>t><l the eirclloii of .lohii I>. YouiiK; t'»k his seat June 'i'. 1.16S. 
 A Kleeiioii iiiisiit'1'es.sfiillv eoiilenteil bvU. (.i. Svmm«i; Kaik his seal January 10, 1866. 
 ( lIleilMavS. lsf,7. 
 JTook his seat July 17, isiw. 
 tTo<ik hiss.at July 1,H. 18CS. 
 ( Ki-slituiil .lulv 1(1, INiW, 
 
 »• Klicicil In plaee of I'. F. Thomas, rejwtetl; look his sc'at Mareh 9. ise,*. 
 » AmKiiiiieil ill plaee of Revenlv Johnson, reslfrned: Knik hU seal July H, tm>8. 
 Elocll ■ ■• --....- 
 
 oEioction iinsiiceewfully eontesled by J. J. Slewarl. 
 
FORTIETH CONGRESS. 
 
 217 
 
 Zachariah Chandler, Detroit. 
 
 MICHKiAX. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 KEPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Fernando C. Beanian, Adrian. 
 
 Austin Blair, Jackson. 
 
 John F. Driggs, East Saginaw. 
 
 Daniel S. Norton, Winona. 
 Ignatius Donnelly, Hasting". 
 
 MINNESOTA. 
 
 SEXATOKS. 
 REPRESENT ATI V Es. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 ( Vacant. ) 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Jacoli ^I. Howard, Detroit. 
 
 Thomas \\'. Ferry, Grantl Haven. 
 R. E. Trowbridge, Birmingham. 
 Charles Upson, Cold Water. 
 
 Alexander Ramsey, St. Paul. 
 William AVindom, A\'inona. 
 
 Charles D. Drake, St. Louis. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 George AV. Anderson," Louisiana. 
 John F. Benjamin, Shelbyville. 
 Jo.seph J. (iravely, Stockton. 
 Benjamin F. Loan, St. Joseph. 
 Joseph W. McClurg, '' Linn Creek. 
 James R. McCormick, >-' Ironton. 
 
 John B. Henderson, Louisiana. 
 
 Carman A. Newcomb, Vineland. 
 Thomas E. Noell,'' Perrvville. 
 William A. Pile, ' St. Louis. 
 John H. Stover, .f Versailles. 
 Robert T. Van Horn.f Kansas Citv. 
 
 Jolm M. Thayer, Omaha. 
 
 Thomas W. Tipton, Brownville. 
 
 James W. Xye, Carson City 
 
 Aaron H. Cragin, Lelianon. 
 
 Jacob Benton, Lancaster. 
 Jacob H. Ela, Rochester. 
 
 NEBRASKA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REI'RESENT.VTI V E. 
 
 John Taffe, Omaha. 
 NEVADA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 William ^I. Stewart, Virginia City. 
 
 REPRESENTATl V E. 
 
 Delos R. Ashley, Austin. 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SEN.4TORS. 
 
 Alexander G. Cattell, Camden. 
 
 Charles Haight, Freehold. 
 George A. Halsey, Newark. 
 John Hill, Boonton. 
 
 REPRESENT.ATIVES 
 
 James W. Patterson, Hanover. 
 Aaron F. ."Stevens, Nashua. 
 
 Frederick T. Frelinghuysen, Newark. 
 
 William iloore, JIays Landing. 
 Charles Sitgreaves, Phillipsbuig. 
 
 '" Election nnsucoessf uU y contested by William F. Switzler. 
 
 t Resigned in 18(58. 
 
 "^Elected in place of Thomas E. Noell, deceased; took his seat December 17, isti7. 
 
 <l Died October 4, 1.S67. 
 
 f Election unsucee.ssfuUy contested by .lohn Hogan. 
 
 / Elected in place of Joseph W. Mct'hirtf. resigned; took his scat December 7, 186s. 
 
 a Election unsuccessfully contested by .lames H. Birch. 
 
218 
 
 CONORESSKIMAI. IHRKCToKY, 
 
 Roscoe Cimklin;.'. I'tica. 
 
 NEW YOUK. 
 
 SESATOKN. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Alcxamlcr II. Jiaili-y," Kmiie. 
 Demiis liariK'.'*, Hrooklyii. 
 Jami's Uroiiks, Nt'w York. 
 Joliii W. ChanltT, Xow Ymk. 
 John V. Chiinliill, ()s\vc;;ii. 
 Tlidiiuus C'oriH'll, Riiiiilout. 
 Oiaiijie Ferris,-!, (ileus Kails. 
 William (.'. Fielils, Laurens, 
 .loliii l"nx. New York, 
 .lolin \. (iriswold, Tmv. 
 Calvin T. llulhunl, llriu-lier Falls, 
 .lames M. llnni|ilire_vs, Hiiffalo. 
 William II. Kelsey, (ieneseo. 
 .loliii 11. Ketcham, Dover. 
 .Vd.lison 11. l.iilliii, Herkimer. 
 William L*^. Lincoln, ()\ve>.'o. 
 
 NORTH lAKOLlN. 
 
 SEN.VTORS. 
 
 Joseph C. .Milxilt,'' Wihiiiniilnn. 
 
 Nathaniel Hoyden,'' Salislinry. 
 John T. I>e\vi-cse, ' Raleigh. 
 Oliver 11. Doekery.'' Ki<'hmond. 
 John K. Freneh,' Edenton. 
 
 UEPRESEST.\TIVES. 
 
 John ."^herman, Manslield. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 SKNAToRs. 
 KKPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 James M. .Vshley, Toledo. 
 John Beatty, ' Cardinirton. 
 .lohn A. l!in;;ham, Cadiz. 
 Kaliih I', liuckland, Fremont. 
 Sanniel F. Cary, J Cincinnati. 
 Rea<ler W. Clarke, liatavia. 
 Columbus Delano,^ .Mount Vernon. 
 Ephraini U. Fekley, Carrollton. 
 Benjamin F,j:s;le.ston, Cineiiniati. 
 James .\. (iartielil, Hiram. 
 Cornelius S. Hamilton,' Marysville. 
 
 Henry W. Corhett, I'ortland. 
 
 OREtiON. 
 
 SKNATOKS. 
 KEI'RESEXTATIVK. 
 
 liul'ns Mallorv, Salei 
 
 Edwin 1). Morgan, New York. 
 
 Janie.s .M. Marvin, .Siratoj;a Sprin<p<. 
 Deiniis McCarthy, .Syraiuse. 
 John Morris.-^ey, New York. 
 Theodore M. I'onierov,'' Auburn. 
 ,Iohn \'. L. I'ruyn, .\lbany. 
 William II. l;olu-rl>on, Katonah. 
 William \'.. liobin.'^on, Brooklyn. 
 lA'Xvi.s Selye, Roche.ster. 
 Thomas !■".. Stewart, New Y'ork. 
 Stephen Taber, Roslyn. 
 Henry Van .\ernain, Frankliiiville. 
 Burt \'an Horn, Lockport. 
 (has. II. Van Wy<k, Mi.ldlelown. 
 Hamilton Ward, Belmont. 
 Fernando Wood, New York. 
 
 John I'ool,' Elizabeth City. 
 
 liavid Ileaton,.'' Newln-rn. 
 .\lexander II. Joiie.s, ' Aslieville. 
 Israel (i. l«ish,;/ .Salem. 
 
 Benjamin F. AVade,'' Jefferson. 
 
 Kntherl'ord B. IIayes,"i Cincinnati. 
 William Lawrence, Bellet'ontaine. 
 Georjie W. Morgan," .Mount Vernon. 
 William Mnn^ien, Findley. 
 Tobias .\. I'lants, I'oineroy. 
 Robert C. Scheuck, Dayton. 
 Sanniel Slu'llabarirer, Springlield. 
 Rul'us I'. Spaldintr, Cleveland. 
 I'hiladclph Van Trnmp. JUuicaster. 
 Martin Welker. Wooster. 
 John T. Wilson, Tramiuility. 
 
 (icorjie 11. Williams, l'ortlan>l. 
 
 I'ENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 SEXATOH.S. 
 
 Charle."! R. Buekalew. I'.loomsbni-j,'. Si ti Cameron, Harri.sbni>r. 
 
 RKPHBENTATI V !■>. 
 
 Benjamin -M. Boyer, N'orristown. 
 John M. Brooinall, Mtnlia. 
 
 Henry L. Cake, Tamaijna. 
 JohnCovode, Lock|Kirt. 
 
 " Kli'iliil in pliiii' i>i UoM'm' Coiikliiig, I'liTU-d Svniilnr: Krnk )il» .«fac NoveiiilKT »i, !"> 
 !• Kkitfil .SiKiikir Miinh :l. lt<(i'.i. 
 <-T<«)k Ills sent Jlilv 17, INls. 
 </Ti«ik lilHsi-iit Jiilv \:i. I-6S. 
 <-Ti«>k Ills sent .Milyd. l.NW, 
 /TiKik Ills .Mill .nily l.'i, 1M1^ 
 I/TiKik hinseiit.nilv -.11. I^<'k^. 
 A I*rf^nlriil|inilfMH'or>*. 
 
 ' Klfiiiil In |ilii(cii(('onicllii> s. Ilamllion. <liM-i-ii.«e<l : look M" wiit Kcliriinry .'>. lv>. 
 JKliTlid ini.liiieof Kiillurfonl B. Hiives. rfslitniHl; look Ills •.cBt XovemlH>rJl. IMiT. 
 *Suicev.(iillv I iiiili-,sii'<l iliL- s. «t of tit'oritf W. Morinni: lo<ik Ills s<'«t .Inni- 3. 1!<<">S. 
 I Dle<l IVlclillxT Si. IViT. 
 "I Kmlitnisl 111 lWi7. 
 " Elvi'tlon sui'iiiwdilly coiilisli"! I^y I'ciltiiiilni'- liiliiiin. 
 
l.()KTIETH CONGRESS. 
 
 219 
 
 Charles Denison," Wilkesbarre. 
 Oliver J. Dickey,'' Lancaster. 
 J. Lawrence Getz, Reading. 
 Adam J. Glossbrenner, York. 
 Darwin A. Finney, <• Meadville. 
 William D. Kelley, Philadelphia. 
 William H. Kocm'ty,, Somerj-et. 
 G. V. Lawrence, Mononsjahela City. 
 Ulysses IMercur, Towanda. 
 George F. Miller, Louisburg. 
 James K. Moorheud, Pittslnirg. 
 Daniel J. Morreli, Johnstown. 
 
 Leonard Myers, Philadeljihia. 
 Charles O'Neill, Philadelphia. 
 S. Newton Pettis,'' Meadville. 
 Samuel J. Randall, Philadelphia. 
 Glenni W. Scofield, Warren. 
 Thaddeus Ste\ens, '' Lancaster. 
 Caleb N. Tavlor, Bristol. 
 Daniel M. Van Ankeii, .Milt'ord. 
 Thomas Williams, Pittsburg. 
 Stephen F. Wilson, Wellsboro. 
 Geo. W. Woodward,/ Wilkesbarre 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 Henrv B. .\nthony. Providence. 
 
 KEPKESENTATIVKS. 
 
 Nathan F. Dixon, AVesterly. 
 
 William Si>ragne, Providence. 
 Thomas \. Jenckes, Cumberland. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLLNA. 
 
 SEN.\T0HS. 
 
 Thomas J. Roliertson,f/ Columbia. 
 
 HEPKESE.NT.\TI\ES. 
 
 Frederick \. Sawyer,!/ Bolton. 
 
 C. C. Bo wen,'' Charleston. 
 Simeon Corley, « Lexington. 
 
 Joseph S. Fowler,^' Nashville. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 SEN.\TOHS. 
 HEPRESEN'T.\TIVES. 
 
 Samuel M. .\rnell,'" Columliia. 
 Roderick R. Butler," Mountain City. 
 Isaac R. Hawkins,"' Huntingdon. 
 Horace Maynard,"' Kn(]xville. 
 
 James H. Goss,.' Union C. H. 
 
 B. Frank Whittemore,J Darlington. 
 
 David T. Patterson,' (ireeneville. 
 
 James Mulling,"' Shelbyville. 
 David A. Nunn,"' Brownsville. 
 William B. Stokes,"' Alexandria. 
 John TrimViIe,"' Nasliville. 
 
 TEX.\S. 
 
 SEX.\TORS. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 
 KEPRESENT.VTIVES. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 VER.MONT. 
 
 SE.N'.iTORS. 
 
 George F. Ednumds, t'.urHngton. Justin S. Morrill, StrafforiL 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Luke P. Polanil, St. Johnsbury. Fred. ]•:. 'W'oodbridge, N'ergennes. 
 
 Worthington C. Smith, St. Albans. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 (Vacant.) 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 ( Vacant. ) 
 
 a Died June 27, 1867. 
 
 b Elected in place of Thaddeus Stevens, deceased; took his seat December i, 1868. 
 
 <■ Died AUKust 'iS, 1868. , _ , , ., 
 
 d Elected in place of Darwin .\. Finney, deceased; took his seat December /, IhbS. 
 
 <■ Died AuRust 11,1868. 
 
 / Elected in place of Charles Denison, deceased; took his seat November 21, 18tu. 
 
 ff Took his neat July 22, 1868. *.■ Took his seat July 25, 1866. 
 
 ftTook his seat Julv 20, 1868. ' Took his seat July 26, 186b. 
 
 t Took his seat JulV 25. 186,8. "' Tn.ik !us sent November 21, 1867. 
 
 J'Took his seat July 18, 1868. " Took his seat J une 26, 1868. 
 
.'20 
 
 CONUKKSSIONAI, DlKKrToKY. 
 WKST VIKcilMA. 
 
 SENATOHS. 
 
 PetiT (i. Villi vViiikU-, rarkersburg. 
 
 KErilBSENTATIVES. 
 
 Olu'stor I>. lliililiar.l, Whot-linv'. 
 Bethuel M. Kitchi-ii, Murtin.sl)ur)f. 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 KKPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 James R. Doolittle, Itacine. 
 
 Aniivii Col)li, Minoral I'nint. 
 I'haiU's A. I'.lclriil^c, ImhhI ilii Lac. 
 Bonjiiinin 1". lloiikins, Madi^ui. 
 
 Waitiiiun T. WilK-v, Morjiantown. 
 liiiiiirl I'olsU'v, Po' it Pleasant. 
 
 Timothy < >. Howe, Green Bay. 
 
 llallxTt K. Paine, Mihvaiiki-e. 
 Philotii!' .'^awyfr, Oshkush. 
 C C. Wa.-'hbiirn, La Cros-^ie. 
 
 ARIZONA TKKKITOKY. 
 
 l>KI.KliATK. 
 
 Coles Ba.><hforil, Tucson. 
 COLORAL>0 TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Geoive M. Chilcott, Excelsior. 
 DAKOTA TERRITORY. 
 
 J>EI.EOATE. 
 
 Walter A. Burleijili, Yankton. 
 IDAHO TERRITORY. 
 
 OELKOATK. 
 
 E. D. Holbrook, Idaho City. 
 MONTANA TKKIiin >l;Y. 
 
 I>ELE(i.\TE. 
 
 .Tallies 'SI. Cavanaunh, Helena. 
 TERRITORY OK NEW MEXICO. 
 
 liELEliATK. 
 
 Charles P. Clever," Santa Fc. .1. K. Chaves.'' 
 
 ITAH TERRITORY. 
 
 IIEI.EOATK. 
 
 William 11. Hiic>|.er, Salt Ijik.- fity. 
 W \slllN(.ToN TERRITORY. 
 
 OEl.KOATK. 
 
 .\lvan Klanilers, Walla Walla, 
 o Elpclli n micofwhilly ninlmtol lij- .1. F, Cliavcs. ''Tiiok Ills neat February 20, I8«9. 
 
FORTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 
 
 Firi:l .v('ss(V<», ffoiii March .'/, 7SH!>, lo April 10, 1SG9. Second sesnion, from December c, isr,9, lo Ju.h/ 15, 1S70. 
 Third nessiun from December 5, 1S70, to March S, JS7 1. 
 
 Vice-Prendent. — Schuyler Colfax, of Indiana. President of the Senate pro tempore. — Henry B. 
 AxTnoNY, of RIkkU' Islanil; olect.e<l March 2'.i, 181)9; again elected April 9, 1869; again elected May 28, 
 1870; ajrain t'lc(te<l .Inly 1. 1870, and again elected July 14, 1870. Secrelari/ of the Senaie. — George C. 
 GoKHAM, of California. 
 
 Speaker of the House.- — J.\mb.s (i. Ulaink, of Maine. Clerk of the House. — Edwahd McPherson, of 
 Pennsylvania. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 senators. 
 George E. Spencer, Decatur. AVillard Warner, Montgomery. 
 
 representatives. 
 
 Alfred E. Bnck," Mobile. Charles TIays,'> Entaw. 
 
 Chas.W. Bnckley," Montgomery. Koliert S. lietlin,'' Wedowee. 
 
 Peter M. Box,'' lluntsville. ' William C. Sherrod,'' d.-urtlaiid. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Alexander McDonal<l, Little Hock. Benjamin 1". Rice, Little Rock. 
 
 HKI'RESENTATIVES. 
 
 Thomas Boles, Dardanelle. Logan H. Roots, Dnvalls Bluff. 
 
 Anthony A. C. Rogers, Pine Bluff. 
 
 CALIFORNIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Eugene Ca.sserly, San Francisco. Cornelius Cole, San Francisco. 
 
 liKIMtKSE.NTATIVES. 
 
 Sanil. B. Axtell, San Francisco. Aaron A. Sargent, Nevada City, 
 
 .lames A. Johnson, Downievillc. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 SENATORS, 
 
 William A. huckiugham, Norwicli. Orris S. Ferry, Norwalk. 
 
 RKI'RESENTATIVES. 
 
 William H. Barnnm," Lime Rock. Henry II. Starkweather,'" Norwicli. 
 
 Stephen W. Kellogg,'' Waterljury. Julius L. Strong,'' Hartford. 
 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Thomas Francis Bayard,'' Wilmington. Willaril Sanlsbury, Georgetown. 
 
 HEI'KESENTATIVE. 
 
 Benjamin T. Biggs, Sununit Kidge. 
 
 nTonk llis scat Doccnihcr 6, 1869. 
 'iTonk liiii si'ul Iici'omber 7, 18(i9. 
 '•TiMik llis sent April 9, 1869. 
 
 rf KlL'cted in place of George Ri-ikI Riddle, docoased, .lames A. Bayard having been aiipoititod iiro tempore; took his .sent 
 March •!, 1869. J .- m i i 
 
 221 
 
222 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 M.UIUDA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Abijah Gilbert, St. AuRustine. 
 
 ItEl'RESENTATIVK. 
 
 Charli's M. Il;uiiilt..n, M:i 
 
 Thoma.* W. Osbom, Penaacola. 
 
 GEOK(iIA 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Joshua Hill, " Madison. 
 
 HKPRESENTATIVE.-1. 
 
 Mariim Betlinne, '' Tallinttdn. 
 Steplien A. I'orlier/' Waynestjoro. 
 .Tcfferson V. Loii;;, '■ Ma<iiti. 
 William W. raiiif, ' Savannah. 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Lvinan Trunitinjl, Chii^a-jn. 
 
 HKPHESENTATIVKS. 
 
 Horatio (". Hurchanl.r' Freeport. 
 Albert (". Hurr, ("arrollton. 
 Hurton V. Cook, Ottawa, 
 .lohn M. Oebs, C'arini. 
 .Shelby M. Ciilloin, Sprinvrfield. 
 .lolin F. Farnswortli, St. Charle.s. 
 .lohii B. Ilawlev, Hock l.-land. 
 John B. Hay, iV-lleville. 
 
 Oliver P. Morton. Indianapolis. 
 
 John Cobnrn, Indianapolis. 
 AVilliatn S. Molniaii, .\urora. 
 (ieorjie W. Julian, ' t'enterville. 
 Mich.iel ('. Kerr, New .\lliany. 
 William K. Niblaek. Vincennes. 
 G(<llove S. Orth, Lafayette. 
 
 IXDIAXA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 UKI'RESEXTATIVES. 
 
 II. V. M. Miller.'' 
 
 William 1*. I'rirr,'' Dahlonejia. 
 Richard H. Whitely,.'' Hainhridge. 
 Pierce M. B. Young,'' Cartersville. 
 
 Kichanl Yate.«, Jacksonville. 
 
 Ebon C Ingersoll, Peoria. 
 Norman B. J udd, Chicago. 
 John A. Ivogan, Carhondale. 
 Samuel S. Marshall, Mcl^ansboro. 
 Thom]).«on \V. McNeely, Petersburg. 
 Jes.-^e H. Moore. Decatur. 
 Kliliii B. Washburne,'' Galena. 
 
 Daniel D. Pratt, Lo^ansport. 
 
 Ja.«iier Packard, Laporte. 
 
 John P. C. Shanks, Jay. 
 
 James N. Tyner,J Peru. 
 
 Daniel W. Voorhees. Terre Haute. 
 
 William Williams, Warsaw. 
 
 I 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 * 
 
 James W. Grimes,'' BurlinKton. 
 James Harlan, Mount Pleasant. 
 
 liErRI5SEXT.\TIVES. 
 
 William B. .\llison, Dubuijue. 
 William Lnuirb ridge, ( iskaloosa. 
 (ieorge W. McCrarv, Keokuk. 
 Frank W. Palmer, Des .Moines. 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 Janie.s B. Howell,' Keokuk. 
 
 Charles Pomeroy, Fort Dodge. 
 William Smvth.'" Marion. 
 William P. Wolf." 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Samuel C. Pomeroy, .\tchison. I'dmund (i. Ross, Lawrence. 
 
 REl'RESEXT.VTIVE. 
 
 .Sidney Clarke, Lawrence. 
 
 nTiiok his seat Februiiry 1. ISTI. 
 *T(»>1; Ills seal Fi'bruiiry 'U, 1H7I. 
 rTiwik Ills snit .liiniuirv Hi. 1H71. 
 
 rtKli<Iii>n iiiisiHiissfully (•(nilvstcii liv Tluinms I'. BeiiM: lnok lilssciil Jiinuiiry ^4. 1871. 
 «-TiK>k Ills .still .Iniiilarv 3. IK71. 
 
 /KliTlioii iiii«ii(ics.s(iillv cciiilfstcd liv XclsiiiiTlft: took his soul Febriiar}- 9, 1871. 
 oKlcclicI ill iilaii- of Kliliii li. Washliiinii-, ri>sl|fiu'<l: took his swil Dcicmber 0, 1869. 
 * Kesitfiusl March li. lsii',1. 
 
 ' ICk'ciloii iiiisii('f'fs?.fiil1v fontesUMi hv .lohn S. Reiil. 
 
 J i:i.it<-.l in |ilacc of Iiaiik-I I). I'nitt, elccteil Scnntor; took his «•»« Mnrrh 1. 1869. 
 >■ Ki-~li.'iu<l riiTi'inhiT li. Il«i9. 
 
 ' KIcrliil in [ilaic of .laiiies \V. Grimes, retilKncd; took his snit .lanunryJS, 1870. 
 >" |iii'<l SipK'iiiliir ;«l, I.17II. 
 " Elcctisl in place of Wllllnni Smyth: took his s,.«t PiTomlMT 17. 1870. 
 
FORTY -FIRST CONGRESS. 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 SENATOKS. 
 
 223 
 
 Garrett RavitJ, Paris. 
 
 REPPESENTATIVES. 
 
 George iSI. Adams/' Barboursville. 
 James B. Beck, Lexinstoii. 
 J. S. Golladay,'' Allensville. 
 Thomas L. Jones, Newport. 
 J. Proctor Knott, Lebanon. 
 
 Thomas C. McCreery, Owensboro. 
 
 Joseph H. Lewis, " Gla.sgow. 
 John JL Rice,'' Louisa. 
 William N. Sweeney, Owensboro. 
 Lawrence S. Trimble, Padiicah. 
 Boyd Winchester, Louisville. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John S. Harris, Vidalia. 
 
 RErRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Chester B. Darrall, f Brashear. 
 
 Frank !Morey, f Monroe. 
 
 Jos. P. Newsham,f' St. Francisville. 
 
 William Pitt Kellogg, New Orleans. 
 
 Lionel A. Sheldon,'' New Orleans. 
 J. Hale Sypher, ' New Orleans. 
 
 ^LUNE. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 William Pitt Eessenden,J Portland. 
 Hannibal HamJin, Bangor. 
 
 James G. Blaine, ' Augusta. 
 Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. 
 John Lynch, Portland. 
 
 REPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 ilARYLAND. 
 
 Lot M. Morrill,^' Augusta. 
 
 Samuel P. Morrill, Farmington. 
 John A. Peters, Bangor. 
 
 William T. Hamilton,'" Hagerstown. 
 
 KEPRESENT.-iTIVES. 
 
 Stevenson Archer, Belair. 
 Samuel Hambleton, Easton. 
 Patrick Hamill, Oakland. 
 
 (teorge Vickers, Chestertown. 
 
 Frederick Stone, Pc:>rt Tobacco. 
 Thomas Swann, Baltimore.' 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 Charles Sumner, Boston. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Oakes Ames, North Easton. 
 Nathaniel P. Banks, Waltham. 
 George S. Boutwell," Groton. 
 George M. Brooks," Cimcord. 
 .Tames Buffintcm, Fall River. 
 Benjamin F. Butler, Lowell. 
 
 Henvv Wilson, Natick. 
 
 Henry L. Dawes, Pittsfield. 
 George F. Hoar, Worcester. 
 Samuel Hooper, Boston. 
 Ginery Twichell, Brookline. 
 William B. Washburn, Greenfield. 
 
 a Elet'tion un.^cce.ssfullv contested by S. M. Barnes. 
 
 (.Rusiuiifcl Fubnmrv •2». 1870. 
 
 cEk'ctc'l ill place cf .T. S. Golladny, resigned: took liis sent May 10. 1S70. 
 
 rfEleiti"!! iiiisuccessl'ullv eonte'ited liv .Tohn T. Zeigler. 
 
 (•Ele<tiiin uii.-m ■<>liill'v eonteMeci l/v .idolpli Bailey; took lii.s sent July 7, 1869. 
 
 f Eleetiiin un^iui-esslullv eontesle.l l.v i;. W. .Mei'ranie; took his seat Iieeember 6, 1870. 
 I/Suec issiullv ccinti sled llie elerti.m of Miehnel Ityari; took his seat May i'i, 1870. 
 h Eleeti.m inisuci-is-iiillv contested bv f'aleb S. Hiint: to<ik his seat April 8. 1869. 
 i Eleetinn nnsuci issi'iiHy contested by Mr. St. Martin; took his seat December 5, 1870. 
 j'Dieil September 8, 1809. 
 
 I- Appointed iti place of William Pitt Fessenden, deceased; took his seat December 6, 1869. 
 
 ! Elected Speaker March 4, 1869. . , . ,,. 
 
 "I Eleeled in i.lace o( Reverdv Johnson, resigned in 1868, \V. Pinkney Whyte having been appointed pro tern.; took )ii.' 
 seat Mnrih 'ii. 1m.9. 
 
 " Resinned March 12. 1.869, having been appointed Secretary of the Treasury. 
 "Elected in place of George S. Boutwell, resigned: took his seat December 6, 1869. 
 
224 
 
 CONORE9SinXAI, DIRKCTORY. 
 
 MKllK.AN. 
 
 Zachariah Chandler, Detroit. 
 
 Fernando C. Beainim. Adriiiii. 
 
 Aur'tin Rlair, Jackson. 
 
 Omar P. Conger, Port Ilumii. 
 
 Daniels. Norton," Winona. 
 Alexander liarawey, St. I'aul. 
 
 Morton S. Wilkin.-'on, Mankato. 
 
 .\r!i'll«'rt .\iiics,'' Natchez. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 KKPRESENT.\TIVKS. 
 
 MINNESOTA. 
 
 SEX.^TOUS. 
 liKPIiKSKXTATIVKS. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 SEX.\TORS. 
 REPKE.SEXT.\TI VE.-*. 
 
 Henry \V. Barry,.'" Colundms. 
 (reonre K. Harris,!/ Hernando. 
 George C. McKce.;/ \'icksbui'g. 
 
 Francis P. Blair, jr.,'' St. Louis. 
 Charles D. Drake, ' .St. Louis. 
 
 MIS.'^orKI. 
 
 SEX.VTORS. 
 
 UKPRESEXT.VTIVES. 
 
 Joel F. Asjicr, Chillicothe. 
 John F. Benjamin, Shclhyvillc. 
 Semproniiis H. Boyd, Springlield. 
 Samuel i^. Burdett, Osceola. 
 David I*. Dver. ./ Louisiana. 
 
 Jacob M. Ilowanl, Detroit. 
 
 Tlioma.s W. Ferry, (irand Haven. 
 William L. Stoughtoii, Sturgis. 
 Randolijh Strickland, St, Johns. 
 
 Ozora P. Stearns,* Rochester. 
 William Windom,'' Winona. 
 
 Kufiene M. Wil.son, Miiniea^iolis. 
 
 Hiram H. Revels, »■ Natchez. 
 
 Joseph L. Morphis,!/ Pontotoc. 
 Legranil W. Perce,!/ Natchez. 
 
 Carl Schurz, St. Louis. 
 
 (justavus.V. Finkelnliurg, St. Louis. 
 .Ianie.« R. McCormick, Ironton. 
 Rol>ert T. Van Ihjru,* Kansas City. 
 F.rastus Wells, St. Louis. 
 
 John :M. Thavcr. flmaha. 
 
 NKBHASKA. 
 
 SEN.\TOH.S. 
 REPKE.SEXT.VT1VK. 
 
 .Inlm Tal'lV. (iiualia. 
 
 Thomas W. Tipton, Brownville. 
 
 •lanics W. Nye, Carson City. 
 
 NKVAHA. 
 
 »EX.\TOK.s. 
 
 William M. Siiwart, Vii-ainia City. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 Thomas Fitch, Belmont. 
 
 Aaron H. Crajjin, Lelianon. 
 
 Jacob Benton, Lanca,ster. 
 Jacob H. Kla, Kocliester. 
 
 Nl-.W MAMI'SIIIBK. 
 
 SEX.VTOR.s. 
 UKl'RESENTA FIVES. 
 
 James W. Patler>ion, Hanover. 
 
 .Varon F. .^tevens, Nashua. 
 
 <iDle<IJuly 13. 1S70. , , ,, 
 
 AElccU-d in place of Daniel S. Norton, decca,sed, Wllllftm Windom having bwn npiwlnUMl pro tempore; look liUi »cal 
 Janiiiirv a. 1h71. 
 <■ Appolnleil in plnce of Pnniel S. Norton, rtcccnsed. took Ills wni Iii'it>niber 1. IhTO. 
 ■(TiK)k hissiiit April 1, 1H70. 
 cTiHik hissi-iii Filirimrv ii, 1S71>. 
 /TiKik Ills scut Aprils. 187U. 
 oTiH.k liissi-iit Kcliniarv -JS. 1S70. 
 
 * Elcclcil III pliicc o( cliarUs U. llnikc. resigned: t<K.k lii- scat .laiiuar.v ■-'■■>, IsTI. 
 ( Resigned licrcml.ir 1». Is70. 
 
 /KIcctloii iiii^iicccssdilly contested liy William K. .sivlt^Ur. 
 "■"Election nnsiiccensfully conte»tc<l liy Mr. Shields. 
 
E'ORTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 
 
 225 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 Alexander G. Cattell, Camden. 
 
 John T. Bird, Flemington. 
 Oreste.'i Cleveland, Jersey City. 
 Charles Haight, Freehold. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 HKI'KKSENT.\TIVES. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 Boscoe Conkling, Utica. 
 
 liEPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Alexander H. Bailev, Rome. 
 David S. Bennett, Buffalo. 
 James Brooks, New York. 
 Hervey C. Calkin, New York. 
 John C. Churchill, Oswego. 
 George W. Cowles, Clyde. 
 Samuel S. Cox, New York. 
 Noah Davis," Albion. 
 Orange FerrLss, Glens Falls. 
 John Fisher, Batavia. 
 John Fox, New York. 
 Gieorge W. Greene, '' Cioshen. 
 John A. Griswold, Catskill. 
 Charles H. Holmes, '' All)ion. 
 Giles W. Hotehkiss, Binghamton. 
 AVilliaui II. Kelsey, (.iene.'<eo. 
 John H. Ketcham, Dover. 
 
 John P. Stockton, Trenton. 
 
 John Hill, Boonton. 
 
 William Moore, Mays Landing. 
 
 Reuben E. Fenti 
 
 .Tauiestown. 
 
 Charles Knapp, Deposit. 
 Addison H. Latlin, Herkimer. 
 Stephen L. IMayham, Scoharie. 
 Dennis McCarthy, Syracuse. 
 John Morrissey, New York. 
 Clarkson N. Potter, New Rochelle. 
 Henry A. Reeves, Cireen Point. 
 Stephe;n Sanford, Amsterdam. 
 John G. Schumaker, Brooklyn. 
 Porter Sheldon, Jamestown. 
 Henry W. Slocum, Brooklyn. 
 Adolphus II. Tanner, Whitehall. 
 Charles II. A'an Wyck,f' iliddletown. 
 Hamilton Waixl, Belmont. 
 William A. Wheeler, Malone. 
 Fernando AVood, New York. 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 Joseph C. Alibiitt, Wilmington. 
 
 HEI'HESENT.VTI VES. 
 
 Clinton L. Cobb, Elizabeth City. 
 John T. Deweese, ' Raleigh. 
 Josejih Dixon, f Hookerton. 
 Oliver H. Dockery, Mangum. 
 David Heaton,!/ Newbern. 
 
 John Pool, Elizal)eth City. 
 
 Alexander H. Jones,'' Asheville. 
 Israel G. Lash, Salem. 
 John Manning, jr., i Pittsboro. 
 Francis E. Shober.i Salisbury. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 SEN.\T0RS. 
 
 John Slierman, Mansfield. 
 
 REPRESENT.\TI VES. 
 
 Jacob A. Ambler, Salem. 
 John Beatty, Cardington. 
 John A. Bingham, Cadiz. 
 Edwartl F. lijckinson, Fremont. 
 James A. <iartield, Hiram. 
 Truman H. Huag,'* Belmont. 
 William Lawrence, Bellefontaine. 
 Eliakim II. Moore, Athens. 
 George W. Morgan, Mount Vernon. 
 William Mungen, Undlay. 
 
 OREGON. 
 
 Allen G. Thnnnan, Culumlnis. 
 
 Erasmus D. Peck, ' I'errysburg. 
 Robert C. Schenck, Dayton. 
 John A. Smith, Plillsbciro. 
 .Job E. Stevenson, Cincinnati. 
 Peter W. Strader,'" Cincinnati. 
 William H. Up.«on, Akron. 
 Philadelph Van Trump, Lancaster. 
 Martin Welker, Wooster. 
 John T. Wilson, Traminility. 
 James J. A\'inans, Xenia. 
 
 Henry AV. C(_>rbett, Portland. 
 
 SEX.1T0RS. 
 
 George H. AVillianis, Portland. 
 
 REPUESEXT,\TIVE. 
 
 Joseph S. Smith, Salem. 
 
 a Resigned in 1870. 
 
 bSeat successfully contested by Charles H. Van Wvek. 
 cEleited in |.hiie of N.iali Da'vi.s, resigned; took his seat December 6, 1.870. 
 rtisnei issfully ci.ntested the election of George W. Greene; took his seat Febrnarv 17 
 *• Resigned Kebniaiy 2;>. 1.^70. 
 
 f Elected in place of David Heaton, deceased; took his seat December f>, 1870. 
 HDied June 25, 1870. 
 
 h Election nnsnecessftdly contested by Plato Durham, 
 i Took his seat Decembe'r 7, 1S70. 
 
 1 Election unsueeessfnllv contested bv Nathaniel Eoyden. 
 fcDied February. 1870. 
 
 I Elected in place of Truman H. Hoag. deceased: took his seat .\pril 2S, 1,'<70. 
 '"Election uusuecessfully contested by Benjamin Egglestou. 
 
 H. Doc. 458- 
 
 -15 
 
226 
 
 CUNdllKStJiONAI. DIKECTUKY. 
 
 Simon Cainomn, Ilarrislmn^'. 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 RKPRESEXT.\TIVES. 
 
 William II. Armslronj;, Williamsj)ort. 
 Henry L. Cake, Taiuai|aa. 
 John Ci'.-'sna, Hedfonl. 
 John t'ovoiie," Loikpi>rt. 
 OlivtT J. Dickey, Lanea.^ter. 
 Josi'pli 1?. Donley, Waynesbnrg. 
 J. LawreMie < ietz, I{ea<linpr. 
 Calvin W. tiilllllan, Kninklin. 
 Richard .1. IlaMeman, llarrislmrK. 
 William D. Kelley, Philadelphia, 
 rivs.'^es Mercur, Towanda. 
 John .M.iffet,'' rhila.lelphia. 
 Daniel J. Morrell, Juhn.'<tovvn. 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 John Seott, Huntingdon. 
 
 Le<inanl Myers,'' Philadelpliia. 
 James S. Netiiev, I'itt.sbnrjr. 
 Charles O'Neiir, Philadelphia, 
 .(ohn 1*.. Packer, Simlmry. 
 Darwin Phelps, Kittamuntr. 
 Samuel J. Kandall. ]'liilailel|ihia. 
 John K. Heading;,'' Somerton. 
 tileiun W. Scolielil, Warren. 
 John D. Stiles, Allentown. 
 Caleb N. Taylor,- Bristol. 
 Washin^jton To\vn.«end, West<"hester. 
 Daniel M. Van Auken, Milford. 
 (ieorge W. Wooilward, Wilkesbarre. 
 
 Henry j;. .Vnthuny, .'' Providence. William Spraj,'ue, Providence. 
 
 HEPKE.SENT.\TIVE8. 
 
 Nathan V. Dixon, Westerly. Thomas .\. Jenckes, Providence. 
 
 .'^OUTH C.VROLINA. 
 
 Thomas . I. Koliertson, Columbia. 
 
 HEfRESENr.\TIVE.S. 
 
 C. C. Bowen, Charleston. 
 Solomon L. Hoge,? Columbia. 
 Joseph H. Kainey,'* Georgetown. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 Frederick A. Sawyer, Charleston. 
 
 Alexander S. Wallace, • Yorkville. 
 B. Frank Whittemore, ./ Darlinirton. 
 
 SKM.VTORS. 
 
 William U. Brownlow, Knoxville. 
 
 REPRE.SEXT.\TIVES. 
 
 Sanniel M. Arnell, Columbia. 
 Roderick K. Butler, Taylorsville. 
 Ismic U. Hawkins, Huntin);ilon. 
 Horace Maynard, Knoxville. 
 
 Joseph .'^. Fowler, Nashville. 
 
 William F. Pros.ser, Na.»hville. 
 William J. Smith.* Memphis. 
 William B. Stokes, Alexandria. 
 Lewis Tillman, ' Shelbvville. 
 
 TEXAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 .[. W. Flanajran.'" Walling's Ferry. 
 
 REPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 William T. Clark,'" (ialvestou. 
 John C. Conner," Sherman. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 Morsran C. Hamilton,"' .\ustin. 
 
 E<hvard Degener,"' San Antonio, 
 (ieorge W. Whituiore,'" Tyler. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 George F. Edmunds, Burlington. Justin ."<. Morrill. Straffonl. 
 
 REPRESENT ATI V E.S. 
 
 Luke P. Poland, St. Johnsbury. 
 Worthington C. Smith, St. Albans. 
 
 Charles W. Willurd, .Montiielier. 
 
 "Eleclion iinsiiroe.*!sfiilly contested by Ih-nrv I>. F*»>tor. 
 '' Eli'<alnii HUocewtiiUy c'oiiic.^tcil tiy Lvi'iiiml .Myers. 
 
 r.siici'cwfully CKUtestoil tlic olcctiim of Joliii Mnllct: t<K>k his sent April (t. Isii'.i. 
 «'KUM-tiiin succcNsfullv <-oiiU's(u(l l»v CHlcb N. THVbir. 
 
 ■•.>iii('<is.s(iilly ciiiitest'iil the ikTtiiin nf .lehii K. 'RciKling: tcMik hls.soat April 13, IWO. 
 /Klcrtoi Prt'sitK'iit pni tcmitnn.'. Mnrch l!:i. ls«;i>, 
 1/ Ele<'tinn uiisiii'ce.ssifully conicxird by J, I'. Kcod. 
 '' Klecti'il in pinie iif H. Fnnik WlMttomorc who wiis rodiseil Ills wiit. 
 ' Eit'ction imsncccssfnilv nimcstcfl bv Witlimn 1>. Simpson. 
 
 J Rcslk'ncil Fibrimry ^i.'lSTU. .snbsc<iiicnlly re. Iccioci, but rcfuscil ndmisalon .Inne 21, 1870. 
 A-'Elei'ilon nnsufc*'s.sfnlly coiUc.-ti'<l by Mr. L,*-ftHirh. 
 I Election uiisuccissdiirv contested by C. A. Sbeafc. 
 "Took bis seat Miiribai, 1H70. 
 iiTiKik bis .lent Miirrh ai, 1»70; election tiijsucce»»(Hlly conti'sted by B. f. timdon. 
 
i'ORTY-FIRST CoNGRKSS. 227 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John AV. Johnstrin," Aliingdon. John F. Lewis, « Port Republic. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Richard S. Ayer, '' Warsaw. James KingGibson,f Abingdon. Jas.H. Piatt, jr.,!/ Petersburg. 
 
 George W. Booker, <• Jlartinsville. Lewis MeKenzie,.^' Alexandria. Chas. H. Porter,f/ Richmond. 
 
 R. T. \V. Duke,<< Charlottesville. Wm. Milnes, jr./J Shenandoah. Robert Ridgway,'' Cool Well. 
 
 WEST VIRGINIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Arthur I. Boreman, Parkersburg. Waitnian T. Willey, llorgantown. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Isaac IT. Duval, Wellsburg. James C. McCrew, Kiiigwood. John S.Witcher, Guy andotte. 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 SEN.1T0RS. 
 
 Matthew H. Carpenter, Milwaukee. Timothy 0. Howe, Green Bay. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 David Atwood, ' Madison. Benjamin F. Hopkins, J ^ladison. Philetus Sawyer, Oshkosh. 
 
 Amasa Cobb, AlineralPoint. Halbert E. Paine, Milwaukee. C. C. Washburn, La Crosse. 
 
 ' ac. 
 
 ARIZONA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEG.A.TE. 
 
 Richard C. McCorniick, Tucson. 
 COLORADO TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Allen A. Bradford, Puelilo. 
 DAKOTA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 S. L. Spink, Yankton. 
 IDAHO TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Jacob K. Shaler, Idaho City. 
 MONTANA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 James M. Cavanaugh, Helena. 
 TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 J. Francisco Chaves, Santa Fe. 
 UTAH TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 William H. Hooper, Salt Lake City. 
 WASHINGTON TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Selucius (Tarfielde, Olyniiiia. 
 WYOMING TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Stephen F. Nuckolls, Cheyenne. 
 
 tiTook his seat January 27, 1870. 
 
 'iTook his .seat .January 31. 1870. 
 
 f Election unsuccessfuily contested by George Tucker; took his seat February 1, 1870. 
 
 ^Elected in place of Uobert Kid^way, deceased; took his seat December 5, 1870. 
 
 •■Took his seat .lanuary '_'s, Is70. 
 
 / Election unsuccessfuily eontcsted by C. C. Whittlesey; took his seat .Tanuarv 31, 1870. 
 
 oTook his .seat .lanuarv '27, 1870. 
 
 'iTook his seat January 27. 1870; died in 1870. 
 
 '■ Elected in place of Benjamin F. Hopkins, deceased; took his seat February 23, 1870. 
 
 J Died January 1, 1870. 
 
FOKTY-SKCOXl) CONGRESS. 
 
 Firiil neimlon, fmiii Mnrrh 4, 1S71, lo April 20, 1871. Secmd nemion, from December 4. li^l. In June JO, 1S7S. 
 Tliiril nessiiin, from Decemlier S, 1872, to March S, 1873. 
 
 Vlce-Prefltlenl. — Schuyler Coi.pax, of Iniliana. J'refiideut of the Senate pro tempore. — Hexiiy B. 
 AxTiKixY, i)f Klioile Island, electeil March 10, 1S71; a^ain elected Deceinljer 21, 1871; apiiti elected 
 Ketiruar\- 'J:^, 1.S7-; ami ajjaiii elected July S, 1872. .Src/r/nri/ of the .Semite. — GEoitiiE C. Cioriiam, of 
 California. 
 
 Sjiiidcr of the lloiinr. — .I.\.Mi>i (!. Hi.aixk, of Maine. Clerk of the Hotine. — Kinviun McPiiersos, of 
 I'ennsvlvania. 
 
 AL.\BAM.\. 
 
 SEXATOU.S. 
 
 George (ioldthwaite," Montgoinery. (ieorge K. Sjiencer, Decatur. 
 
 IlKI'ltl'XHXTATIVtS. 
 
 Chas. W. Hucklcy, Montgomery. Charles Hays, Eutaw. 
 
 IVter M. Dox, Ihnitsville. .Tose|)h II. Slo.as. Tuscumhia. 
 
 William .\. Ilandley,'' Hoanoke. Benjamin S. Turner. Selnia. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 SENATOR.S. 
 
 Powell Clayton, l.iltic Rock. Kcnjamin V. Rice, l.ittli- RcH-k. 
 
 KKPHK.SENTAT1VKS, 
 
 Thoina.«i I'.ole.«, '" Uanlanelle. .Tames M. Hanks. Helena. 
 
 John Edwards,'' Eort Smith. Oliver I'. Snyder, « I'ine Bluff. 
 
 CALIFORNIA. 
 
 SENATOR.*. 
 
 Eugene Ca.e.serly, San Francisco. Cornelius Cole, San Francisco. 
 
 REPRESKXTATI V ES. 
 
 John M. Coghlan,.'" Suisun City. Aaron .\. Sai>;eiit. Nevada I'ity. 
 
 Sherman O. Houghton,.'' San Jose. 
 
 qONNECTICUT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 AVilliam \. Buckingham, Norwich. Orris S. Ferry, Norwalk. 
 
 KEI'RESKNTATI V H-. 
 
 William H. Barnum, Lime Rock. Henry H. Starkweather, Norwich. 
 
 Joseph Roswell llawley,9 Hartfonl. Julius I.. .Strong, ' Hartford. 
 
 Ste|>hen W. Kellogg,'' Waterbury. 
 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Thomas Francis Bayanl, Wilmington. Eli Saulshury, Dover. 
 
 RECRESENTATIVK. 
 
 Benjamin T. Biggs, Summit Ridge. 
 
 nTook lil« <M"nt .tnnimry l.s. 1S7.'. 
 
 ''KU-'rliuu nti<«ui-('i-?«>riilty iM»nti*?*tri! hy B. W. NMrri>. 
 
 <-Siiifi>>wfiilly iiiHii'.-ii^rtln- I'lfiliim "f .liihn Kilwiirils; iiH>k lil> »e«t Fctinmry 9 lsr2. 
 
 'iKIti'Ilttn 8nf('o.**(ully ctintcsU'd l>v Thoiinis Bitk's. 
 
 'Kifcllim iin«iii s.ifiilly rciiiit'nict) l>y S. II. Ko(tiTS. 
 
 /Took hiSM-Ul hW fllllHT J, IS71. 
 
 V Eli'iiiKl in i>liici- ol Julius 1,. SIninK. ilwciLsi'.l: look lii* w«t DcccmlitT i. IsTi. 
 ''T<«)k lils.Mnl DivciulKTJ. 1S71. 
 ( l)n-<l S(;plfmlM.T I, WTi. 
 
 228 
 
FORTY-SKCUND CONGRESS. 
 
 229 
 
 Ahijah <';illxTt, St. Augustine. 
 Silas L. Niblack." 
 
 Joshua Hill, ilailisou. 
 
 FLORIDA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 KErRESEXTATI V ES. 
 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENT ATI V EH. 
 
 Erasmus \V. Beck/' Griffin. 
 John 8ummertielcl Bigby, Newnan. 
 Dudley M. Du Bose, ' Washington. 
 A. T. ik-Intvre, ./' Tliomasville. 
 
 Jolm A. Logan, Carlxjudale. 
 
 1 ILLINOIS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John L. Beveridge, ' Evanston. 
 Horatio C. Burchard, Freeport. 
 Burton C. Cook, Ottawa. 
 John JI. Crebs, Carnii. 
 John F. Farnswortli, St. Charles. 
 Charles B. Farwell, Chicago. ' 
 John B. Hawlev, Rock Island. 
 John B. Hay, Belleville. 
 
 IXDIAXA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Oliver P. .Murton, Indianapolis. 
 
 Thomas \V. Osborn, Pensacola. 
 
 Josiali T. Walls,'' Gainesville. 
 
 Tliomas JIanson Norwood, <^ Savannali. 
 
 'William I'. Price, Dahlonega. 
 Thomas J. S]>eer,!/ Barnesville. 
 Richard II. W'hiteley,'' Bainbridge. 
 Pierce M. B. Young, Cartersville. 
 
 Lyman TrumliuU, Chicago. 
 
 Sam. S. JSIarshall, ^IcLeansboro. 
 T. W. McNeely, Petersburg. 
 Jesse H. Moore, Decatur. 
 Edward Y. Rice, Hillsboro. 
 Janrea C. Robinson, Springfield. 
 Henry Snapp, ^ Joliet. 
 Bradford N. Stevens, Tiskilwa. 
 
 Daniel 1). Pratt, Logansjiort. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John Coburn, Indianapolis. 
 William S. Holman, Aurora. 
 Michael C. Kerr, New Albany. 
 Mahlon D. Manson, Crawfordsville. 
 William E. Niblack, Vincennes. 
 Jasper Packard, La Porte. 
 
 John P. C. Shanks, Portlaml. 
 James N. Tyner, Peru. 
 Daniel W. Vorhees, Terre Haute. 
 William Williams, Warsaw. 
 Jeremiah "SI. Wilson,^ Connersville. 
 
 James Harlan, Mount Pleasant. 
 
 Aylett R. Cotton, Lyons. 
 
 Wm. G. Donnan, Independence. 
 
 George W. McCrary, Keokuk. 
 
 tieorge (i. Wright, Des Moines. 
 
 Jackson Orr, Montana. 
 
 Frank W. Palmer, Des Moines. 
 
 Madison M. Walden, Centerville. 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 SEN.VTORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 Alexander Caldwell, Leavenworth. Samuel (,'. Pomeroy, Atchison. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 David P. Lowe, Fort Scott. 
 
 aSuccessi'ully contested the election of .Tosinh T. Walls; took his seat January 29, 1873. 
 
 b Election successfully contosttMl I'V sila-^ L. Niblack. 
 
 ^Election unsuccessfully contested by F'.stcr BlodtjcLt: took his scat December I'J, 1S71. 
 
 'I Electcfl in place of Thomas J. speer'. ikceased; took his seat December 2, 1S72. 
 
 f Election unsuccessfully contested by J. S. Fannin. 
 
 /Election tinsuccessfully contested by Virgil Hillver. 
 
 sDied August 18, 1S72. 
 
 ft Election unsuceessfnlly contested by Nelson Tift. 
 
 » Took his seat DeceniLier 4, 1S71; resigned .lanuary -1, 1873. 
 
 J Took his seat December 4, 1871. 
 
 *•■ Election unsuccessfully contested liy David S. Gooding. 
 
230 
 
 CONORESSIONAI. DIKKCTORY. 
 
 Garrott Davis," Paris. 
 
 Willis n. Maolieii.'' K.l.lvvilU>. 
 
 KKNTICMvY. 
 
 SKNATORS. 
 HKPRKSEXTATIVES. 
 
 (icn. "SI. Adams. I?arl>iiui-sville. 
 Williaiii E. .\iiliiir, rovin;:toii. 
 .Tallies 15. Meek, I,cxin>;ti)ii. 
 IMwanl Ciosslaml, Maylield. 
 Joseph H. ]>f\vis, tJlasfidW. 
 
 l.oriSlANA. 
 
 SKNATOR.S. 
 
 William IMtt KpUojrp, Xi>\v Orleann. 
 
 nEritE->KXT.\TivK:.s. 
 
 Ali'ck IloaniKiii, ' Slirovcport. 
 Chester 15. Darrall, Hrasheflr. 
 Frank Murey, Muiiroe. 
 
 :\1AIXK. 
 
 SKNATORS. 
 
 Ilaniiihal llaniliii, Bangor. 
 
 James (i. JSlaine, *■ Aujrnsta. 
 William 1'. Frye, TA'wiston. 
 Kugeiie Hale, Kllsworth. 
 
 ltEPRE.'SEXT.\TIVES. 
 
 MAUYI.ANI). 
 
 SKNATORS. 
 
 William T. Hamilton. Hafrerftown. 
 
 HEI'RESEXTATIVh>i. 
 
 •Stevenson .\r<Oier, Belair. 
 Samuel Hamlileton, Kaston. 
 William M. Merrick, llehester. 
 
 Jolin W. Stevenson, Covinpton. 
 
 Henry IX MeHenrv, Hartforil. 
 William B. Kea'l, Hoilgeiisville. 
 John M. Hire. Louisa. 
 Bovil Wiueliester. Louisville. 
 
 J. Rodman West, New Orleans. 
 
 Lionel .\. Sliehlon, New Orleans. 
 J. Hale Sy|ilier. New C>rleaiig. 
 James Mcl'learv.'' 
 
 Lot 'SI. .Morrill, .Vuirnsta. 
 
 John Lynch, Portland. 
 John A. Peters. Bangor. 
 
 George Viekers, Chestertown. 
 
 John Riteliie, Frederick I'ity. 
 Tlhiuias Swann. Baltimore. 
 
 Charles Sumner. Boston. 
 
 .ALVSSACHT'SKTTS 
 
 SKNATOR.S. 
 ItKPKESKXTATIVKS. 
 
 Henrv Wilson, Natick. 
 
 ( >akes .\mes, North Kaston. 
 Nathaniel 1*. Banks, Waltham. 
 (ieorge -M. Brooks, .'' Coneord. 
 James BuHinton, Fall Kiver. 
 Benjamin F. Butler, Lowell. 
 .Mvah Crocker,!' Filchburg. 
 
 Ih'nry L. Pawes, Pitt.«tield. 
 Constantine C. Ksty,'' Vraminpham. 
 (ieorge F. Hoar. Wiueester. 
 Samuel Hooper. Boston, 
 (iinery Twichell. Brookline. 
 William B. Washhurn. ' Greenfield. 
 
 /achariah ChandliT, I'etroii. 
 
 MICHKiAN. 
 
 SENATOIiS. 
 RKPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Thiimas W. Ferry, tirand Haven. 
 
 Austin lilair, Jackson. 
 
 Gmar 1>. Conger, Port Huron. 
 
 Wilder I). Foster, J (iraiid Ka]iids. 
 
 William I,. >ti>uahton, Sturgis. 
 Jaliez (i. Sutherland, Saginaw. 
 Henry Wuldron, Hill^lale. 
 
 n I>iiH! SoptcmlMT !J2, 1S7*J. 
 
 I' .Viipiuiilol ill pliici- lit (iarrt'll Diivis, ilcc?a«c<l; ti>olc Ills sent I>ercmber 2. IST^. 
 
 cKUmUmI in plneeiif Jiinu's MrClciir.v. di'it'iised ; tiM>k his scat Decoiubor S. 187i 
 
 <Mii<il NoviiiiliiT ."i, 1S71. 
 
 <■ Kiiili'cl Spwiliir Miircli 4. l'S71 
 
 / K.-sik-iuil Miiv t;V l.sri. „„ 
 
 bKIiiIoI 111 pliiceiif Williani B Wiislilmrn. clortod Rovprnor; lix>k lil§ wnt Fetininr.v 1I,1K72. 
 
 ftKlirteii 111 pliwo 111 CiMrjji' M Hri>ok». rcsiKiiiil: tmik Ills .M'lit Pi'i-omlKTi. 187J. 
 
 ' Itrslitnwl rifCciilliiT .'>. |s71 Imviliit l.iili iUiti'>l goviTiinr 
 
 J KliTliHl In plBi-o o( Tliouius W. Kcrrj . ulwlctl sii'iii.lor; i.~>k his si.u DiHfmlur 4. 1s71. 
 
KoKTV-SECOND CONGRESS. 231 
 
 MINNESOTA. 
 
 SEXATORS. 
 
 Alexaiiilfi' liamsey, St. Paul. William Wiiiilimi, Win.iiia. 
 
 REI'HESEN'TATIVES. 
 
 John T. Avcrill, St. I'aiil. Mark H. Uuiiiu'll, (iwatonna. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 m-:nat<)RS. 
 James Lusk Alcorn," I''riar.>i I'oint. Adelliert Aine.s, Natchez. 
 
 REPKESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Henry W. Barry, ('oluinbiis. Joseph L. Morphi?, Pontotoc. 
 
 George E. Ilarri.^, Ilernamlo. Legrand W. I'erce, Natchez. 
 
 George C. McKee, Vkcksbiirg. 
 
 MISSOTTRI. 
 
 SEXATOR.S. 
 
 Francis P. P.lair, jr., St. Louis. Carl Schur/,, St. Louis. 
 
 RKI"R1-:.SENTATIVES. 
 
 James G. Blair, Canton. Andrew King, St. Charles. 
 
 Samuel S. Burdett, Osceola. James R. INIeConnick, Arcadia. 
 
 Abram Coniingo, Independence. Isaac C. Parker, St. Joseph. 
 
 Gustavus A. Finkelnburg, St. Louis. Erastus Wells, St. Louis. 
 Harrison E. Havens, Springfield. 
 
 NEBRASKA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Phineas W. Hitchcock, Omaha. Thomas W. Tii)ton, Brownville. 
 
 REi'RICSK.NTA'l'IVE. 
 
 John Taffe, Omaha. 
 NEVADA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 James W. Nye, Carson CMty. William JI. Stewart, Virginia City. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Charles West Kendall, Hamilton. 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Aaron H. Cragin, Lebanon. James W. Patterson, Hanover. ■ 
 
 REI'RESEXTATn'KS. 
 
 Samuel N. Bell, Manchester. llosea W. Parker, Clareiiioiit. 
 
 EUery A. Hibbard, Laconia. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Frederick T. Frelinghnysen, Newark. John P. Stockton, Trenton. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John T. Bird, Flemington. John W. Hazelton, Mullica Hill. 
 
 Samuel C. Forker, Bordentowu. John Hill, Boouton. 
 
 George A. Halsey, Newark. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 SEXATOR.S. 
 
 Roscoe Conkling, Utica. Reuben E. Fenton, Jamestow". 
 
 REPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 James Brooks, New York. Milo Goodrich, Dryden. 
 
 John M. Carroll, Johnstown. John H.Ketcham. "Dover Plains. 
 
 Freeman Clarke, Rochester. Thomas Kinsella, Brooklyn. 
 
 Samue! S. Cox, New York. William H. Lamport, Canandaigua. 
 
 R. Holland Duell, Cortland. William E. Lansing, Chittenango. 
 
 Smith Ely, jr.. New York. Clinton L. Merriam. Locust Grove. 
 
 a Took his seat December 4, 1871. 
 
282 
 
 CONORKSSIONAL DIRKCTORY, 
 
 Kli IVrry, All.imy. 
 Claiksiiii N. I'dttcr, Ni'W Kuclu-lU 
 Kli/.iir 11. rrindlf, Nnrwicli. 
 KlliH 11. KdIktIs, I'ticii. 
 Williiim K. KolK'it.-', New York. 
 .Idhii Ko>.'i'i>>, BliU'k Krook. 
 Kot)ert B. Koosovflt, New York. 
 .Toliii K. iSi'i'li'v, Oviil. 
 Walter 1.. Si's,ui(ins, ranaiiia, 
 lU-iirv W. Slocuiii, Brooklyn. 
 
 lliira<o I'.oanliuaii .•^iiiilli, l".liiiira. 
 Charli's St. John, I'ort ,lfr\ 1?^. 
 I>\vi>;lit Townscriil, Stapk-ton. 
 Joseph II. Tutliill, Kll.-nvilk-. 
 St'th Wakeniaii, Uatavia. 
 ,I(W[ih M. Warren, Tmy. 
 William .\. Wheeler, Malone. 
 William Williain>', Buffalo. 
 Fernando Wood, New Y'ork. 
 
 .NUKTll CAKOU.NA. 
 
 SEX.VTOK.S. 
 
 .lohn I'n 
 
 Islizalietli Cilv. 
 
 1!K1'KKSKXT.\T1VK.S. 
 
 Clinton L. Cobb, Elizabotli City. 
 Janie.« C. Harper, Patterson. 
 Jaine^ JI. Leaeh, Le.\inj;ton. 
 Sion II. Rogers,'' Kaleigh. 
 
 John Sherman. Manslield. 
 
 Jacob \. Ambler, Salem. 
 John Beatty, Canlin^ton. 
 John A. Bingham, Cadiz. 
 Le\vi.« 1). Campbell,'' llamiltn 
 Cl/.ro 'P. l)(Mld^','' Cim'innali. 
 Charle." Foster, Kostoria. 
 James A. (iarlield, Hiram. 
 Charle.s X. Laniison, I.ima. 
 John V. ^Melvinney, Piijiia. 
 James Monroe, Oberlin. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 KKrRF.SEXT.\TIVl!S. 
 
 Matt. W. Itiinsom," Weldon. 
 
 Franeis ]•".. Shober, Salisbnry. 
 Charle.-i K. Thonia.-^, Newbern. 
 Alfred Moore Waddell, Wilmington. 
 
 Allen <i. Tluirman, Cnltimbns 
 
 (ieorpe W. Morgan, Mount Vernon. 
 Kra.«miis I>. I'eek, I'erryshiirg. 
 .\anin F. I'erry,' Cineinnati. 
 .Simiiel Shellaliarger, Springlield. 
 •Ii.hn .\. Smith, llillsboro. 
 William I'.Spragne, MeConnellsville. 
 Ji>b IC. Stevenson, Cineinnati. 
 William II. Cpson, .\kron. 
 I'hila'lelph Van Trump, I-!inea>j|er. 
 John T. Wilson, Tramiuillity. 
 
 ORKGON. 
 
 SK.V.tTORS. 
 
 Henry W. (■..rlirll, rnrlUmd. 
 
 HEI'HKSKXT.VTIVK. 
 
 .lames II. Slater, Letiramle. 
 
 James K. Kell\, I'Drllanil. 
 
 I'FNNSYbVANIA. 
 
 Simon Cameron, llarrisbnrg. 
 
 ui:eiii-NKN'rATivKs 
 
 Ephriain L. Acker, Norristown. 
 Frank C. Burnell. .'' Tnnkhamioik. 
 John V. Creely, Philadelphia. 
 Oliver J. Diekey, Lamaster. 
 Henry I). Foster, (ireensbnrg. 
 J. Law reiice ( ietz. Heading. 
 Samuel (irillith, Mercer. 
 Richards. Ilaldeman, Harrisburg. 
 Alfred C. Ilarmer, (iermantown. 
 William 1). Kelley, Philadelphia. 
 John W. Killinu'er, lA-banon. 
 William McClellaii<l, .\"ew(a.stle. 
 Ebenezer McJnnkin, Butler. 
 
 John Seoti, llunlink'don. 
 
 Clysses S. Mercur,» Towanda. 
 Benjamin F. Meyers.'' Bedforii. 
 Leonard Myers. Philadelphia, 
 .lames S. Negley, Pittsburg. 
 John B. Packer, Suidmry. 
 Samuel J. Randall, Philailel|ihia. 
 (ilenni \V. Seotield, Warren. 
 Henry Sherwood. Wellsboro. 
 I^izarus I». Shoemaker. Wilkesbarre. 
 R. Milton Speer. Himtingdoii. 
 John B. Storm, Strondsburg. 
 Washington Townsend, Westchester. 
 
 >litl l>y JiiiiM-M tl. Harrlt. 
 
 nTnok lii.ifiont .\prll 21. 1S7-J. 
 
 '"■TiKik lil.ssi'iil Miiy.';i. IS7J; cli'iilmi uii«iiivf««fnllv o 
 
 ••Klocliun iiiiMKMVKsfiilly ci'Tilft-trd !)>■ It. 1". st-hfiirk. 
 
 '' i'llt'rU'il ti) pliice of .Viiroii K. IVrrv. reslgnoil; t(M»k liis M>at I>*H'cintHT "J 
 
 ■■ Kivltfiied ill IXTi. 
 
 f Kliriiil in place of ITls'ssci S. Merciir, rcsignod; took liN «<"Ht .laiiuapv 7. l.'*7:i. 
 
 1/ Ri"1kih'i1 lii'combora", 1H7'.'. 
 
 * Elt'<'lli>ii uiisiicccwtully coiiti'«tf<l t>y ,Iohn fcKMiii. 
 
FORTY-SECOND CONGBESS. 233 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Henry B. Anthon_v/' Providence. 'Williani Sprai;ue, Providenre. 
 
 EEI'RESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Benjamin T. Eames, Providence. James M. Pendleton, Westerly. 
 
 80TTTH CAROLINA. 
 
 .SENATORS. 
 
 ThonuLs J. Robertson, Columbia. Frederick A. Sawyer, Charleston. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Robert C. De Large,'' Charle.ston. Joseph H. Rainev, Georgetown. 
 
 Robert Brown Elliott, c Columbia. Alexander S. Wallace.'' Yorkville. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 William G. Browniow, Knoxville. Henry Cooper, Nashville. 
 
 EEPEESENTATIVES. 
 
 John M. Bright, Fayetteville. Edward I. Golladav, Lebanon. 
 
 Roderick R. Butler, Taylorsville. Horace Mavnard, Knoxville. 
 
 Robert P. Caldwell, Trenton. Wm. W. Vaughan, Brownsville. 
 
 Abraham E. (iarrett, Carthage. W. C. Whitthorne, Columbia. 
 
 TEXAS. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 James W. Flanagan, Flanagans Mills. Morgan ('. Hamilton, Austin. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William T. Clark, '■ Galveston. John Hancock, Austin. 
 
 John C. Connor, Sherman. Williani S. Herndon, Tyler. 
 
 De Witt C. (iiddings, / Brenham. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 George F. Edmunds, Burlington. Justin S. Morrill, Strafford. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Luke p. Poland, St. Johnsbury. Charles W. Willard, Montpelier. 
 
 Worthington C. Smitli, St. Albans. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 .SENATORS. 
 
 John W. Johnston, Abingdon. John F. Lewis, Port Republic. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 E. M. Braxton, Fredericksburg. James H. Piatt, jr., Petersburg. 
 
 John Critcher, Oak Grove. Charles H. Porter, Richmond. 
 
 Richard T. W. Duke, Charlottesville. Wm. H. H. Stuwell, Manchester. 
 
 John T. Harris, Harrisonburg. William Terry, Wytheville. 
 
 1 Elected president pro tempore March 10. 1871. 
 
 l> Election contested by Christopher C. Bowen; .sent declareci vaciuit .lannnrv i!4, 1873. 
 
 <■ Resigned in 1873. 
 
 •'Election unsuccessfully contested tiv I. G. McKissick. 
 
 ••Election sni-cessfully contested liv li. c. liiddiiiKs. 
 
 /successfully contested the elccticlii of William T. Clark: took his seat .May 13 1872 
 
L'34 fONGKKSSIUNAL UlRKC'TUKY. 
 
 WEST VIlUilNI.V. 
 
 KKNATWKS. 
 
 Arthur I. lliimiiiiii. rarkcrsliinv. Henry (i. I>ftvi!i, PiiHlinoiit. 
 
 ItKl'HI>iKMATIVI>. 
 
 John .1. Davis, CliirkNliurn. .laiufn ( . .Mi(;n'«. Kiiiirwudil. 
 
 Frank IK-rffdnl. I'niuii. 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 SKNATOliS. 
 
 Malllii" II. ( ':ir|n'iili T. Milwaiiki'o. Tiiiuilhy t). Ilowc, (irccii Hay. 
 
 liKI'llESKXT.VriV ]■>*. 
 
 J. Allen Rarlu'r. Lania.stcr. Ali-xamlcr Mitilicll, Milwaukee. 
 
 C'liuf. A. ICIilri'ilKe, ImuuI ilti Lae. Jeretnlah M. Ku.sk, V'iriiiiim. 
 
 Gerry W. llnzeltciii, CoIuiuIjuh. Philetus Sawyer, U8hko!>h. 
 
 .\1;IZ()NA TKUIUTOKV. 
 
 IIKl.K<i.\Ti:. 
 
 Kii'lianl ('. McConnick, TucHun. 
 (•(il.oKAlKi TIlKKlTiiKY. 
 
 DEUXi.VTE. 
 
 .IcniMM' H. Cliaffce, Denver. 
 H.VKiiTA TKKKlTdKY. 
 
 Ili;i.K(iATK. 
 
 Moses K. .Xmistroni;, Yankton. 
 PISTKUT (IF COI-I'MIUA. 
 
 DELEGATK. 
 
 Norton r. Oiipnian, Washington City. 
 
 ll'.Mlo TKKRITdKY, 
 
 nEi.EtiATi:. 
 
 .Saiiniel .\. Mi-rritt, MahoCity. 
 
 MONTANA ti;i;i;itoi;y. 
 
 llKI.Kl.ATi:. 
 
 William 11. Clasrirelt. Deer l....l^'e City. 
 
 Ti;i;i;ri'oKY oi' nkw .mkxux). 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 Jose Jhuniel ( ialU'Hos, Saute Fe. 
 
 IT.MI TKHHIToKV 
 
 liKI.KtlATK. 
 
 William H. Hooper," Salt l.akiCity. 
 WASIIlXdTOX TKKIMTOKY. 
 
 |1KI.E<1ATE. 
 
 Scliu-iuM liarlielile, Olynipia. 
 WYOMlN(i TF.KKITOKY. 
 
 liEI.WiATK. 
 William T. .Iomim, Chi'venne. 
 
 ' Klcctlmi immK'ceMifuUy omlesliKl by 0. R. Mnxwvll. 
 
FO RT Y-THIRD CONGRESS. 
 
 l''lrKl ni'unioii, fi'iiiii Ili'irinhcr I, 1S7S, to June 23, 1S74- Second session, from Decettihcr 7, 1874, to 
 
 March 3, 1S75. 
 
 Mrc-Presidrnt. — Henuy Wilson, of Massachusetts. Presidents of the Senate pro tempore. — Ma'ithew 
 II. ('ahi'exter, of Wisconsin, elected Mardi 12, ISV;!, in special session, again elected March 2(>, 1873, 
 afraiii elected December 11, 1873, and again electi'd December 23, 1874; Henry B. Anthony, of Rhode 
 Island, elected .January 25, 1875, and again elected February 15, 1875. Secretary of the Senate. — 
 Geokob C. GoRn.vM, of California. 
 
 S/ieaker of the Home. — J.\mes G. F.i.aine, of Maine. Clerk of tlie House. — Edw.mu) McPherson, of 
 renusvlYania. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 George Goldthwaite, Alontgoniery. 
 
 REeRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Frederick G. Bromberg, Mobile. 
 John II. Caldwell, .Jacksonville. 
 Charles Hays, J'",uta\v. 
 Charles I'elhani, Talladega. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 SENATOHS. 
 
 Powell Clavton, ]>ittle Rock. 
 
 HEl'RESENTATIVI 
 
 Thomas M. Guntcr," Fayetteville. 
 Asa Hodges,'' ]SIarion. 
 AVilham J. Ilynes, Little liock. 
 
 CALIl'^ORXIA. 
 
 SENATCIUS. 
 
 Eugene Casserly, >"■ San Francisco. 
 John S. llager,.'' San Francisco. 
 
 JiEI'KESENTATIVES. 
 
 Charles Clayton, San Francisco. 
 Sherman O. Houghton, San Jos(5. 
 
 (ieorge K. Spencer, Decatur. 
 
 James T. Rapier, Montgomery. 
 Christopher C. Sheats, Decatur. 
 Jnscph II. Sloss. Tuscmjibia. 
 Alexander White, Sehua. 
 
 Sle])hen W. Dorsey, Ilclenii. 
 
 Oliver P. Snvder, e Pine Bluff. 
 Wm. W. Wiishire,'' Little Rock. 
 
 .\:iri]n .\. Sargent, Nevada City. 
 
 John K. Luttrell, Santa Rosa. 
 Iloi-ace F. I'age, Plaeerville. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 William ,\. Buckiiigliani,r/ Norwich. 
 William W. Katon,'' Hartford. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William II. Barnuni, Lime Rock. 
 Joseph R. Hawley, Hartford. 
 
 Orris S. Ferrv, Norwalk. 
 
 Stephen W. Kellogg, Waterbury. 
 Henry H. Starkweathei, Norwich. 
 
 "Successfully contested ttie election ol Williiini W. Wiishire; took his seat June 10, 1S74. 
 
 '•Election unsuccessfully contested by L. C. Gause; took his seat February 4, 1S74. 
 
 (■Election unsuccessfully contested by M. L. Bell. 
 
 ''Election su<;cessfully contested by Thomas M. Guuter. 
 
 ** Kosi>;iied November 29. 1873. 
 
 /Electcil in jilacc of Eugene Casserly, resigned; took his seat February 9, 1874. 
 
 ff Died Ki'bniiiry :<, IST.I. 
 
 ti Ai)i)oinlcd in place of William A. Buckingham, deceased; took his seat February 13. 187.5. 
 
 235 
 
•2'M\ 
 
 DKLAWAKK. 
 
 SKSATORX. 
 
 Tlionia.- !•". Uayanl, \ViliMiiij;i"ii- 
 
 Kli l^aulshury, Pover. 
 
 IIET'IU-SKSTATIVK. 
 
 .Jaini'S K. Lollaiul, Milfonl. 
 
 Simon I!, t'otinver, TallHliacpei'i'. 
 
 FLORIDA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 RKI'RK.'*KNI\TIVK>. 
 
 William .1. I'lirmaii," Tallaha.-<.«e. 
 
 .Icihn 1".. (ninloii. Atlanta. 
 
 lliiam r. Bell, CorninR. 
 Janifs 11. Hlount, Macon, 
 rhilip Cook, Ameriitis. 
 James C. Freeman, Cirilliii. 
 llenrv K. Harris,'' (ireenviUe. 
 
 (iKoKtilA. 
 
 SEN,\Tl)KS. 
 KKPKKSKNr.Vl'IV KS. 
 
 John A. I»pan, Chii-atio. 
 
 Uranvillo Harrero. Canton. 
 Horatio ('. Burcharil. Freeiiort. 
 .loseph (i. Cannon. Tnsrola. 
 Harnard tl. Canllield.' CliieaiJo. 
 Isaai' Clcirieiis. CaiUoinlale. 
 Franklin Corwin, I'l-ni. 
 John U. Kden. Sullivan. 
 Charles H. Farwell, Chicago. 
 Ueenhnrv 1-. Kurt, l.acoil. 
 John B. llawlev, Kock Island, 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 SEN' .\ TORS. 
 REl'UfcsENT.vnVES. 
 
 Aliijah (;illM'rt. SI. Aiitfustine. 
 Josiah T. Walls, (iaine.-ville. 
 
 Thoma.- Manson Norwoml, Savannah. 
 
 Mornan Itawls, '' (Jnyton. 
 An.lrew Sloan.'' Savannah. 
 \lex II. Stephens. Crawfordville. 
 Kic'hard 11. Whitel.-v, Hainhndsie. 
 Tierce M. 15. Youiif.', Cartersville. 
 
 Richar.1 .L i >t:lesl.y. Fi.'catnr. 
 
 Stephen A. llurlhnt, Uelvidere. 
 Kohert M. Kna).p. Jerseyville. 
 Sanuiel S. Marshall, MiU-anshoro. 
 Sanies S. Martin, Salem. 
 John McNulta. Bl.iominnton, 
 William H. Morrison. Waterloo. 
 William 11. Kav. Hnshville. 
 John H. Kice. .' Chicajro. 
 James C. li.>liinsoii, Sprnigheld. 
 Jasjier D. Ward, Chicago. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 (Uiver 1". Morton, lndianai>olis. 
 
 l{EI'HESENT.\TlVb> 
 
 Thomas J. Ca.-on, Lebanon. 
 John Cohnrn. Indianapolis. 
 William S. llolman, Aurora. 
 Morton C. llmiter, lUoommiiton. 
 William K. Nihlack. Viuceune.s. 
 (.io-UoveS. Orth, Lafayette. 
 Jasi>er Packard, Liiinirte. 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 William H. Allison, Dulni.iu.'. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 RKrRESKXTATlVV>. 
 
 Avleit R. Cotton. Lyons. 
 Wm. (i. Donnan, Independence. 
 John A. Ka.-son, Des Moines. 
 William LoiiRhridvrt-. ( (skaloosa. 
 (ieoriieW. MeCrarv, Keokuk. 
 
 Daniel 1>. I'rait. L.^anspoit. 
 
 llenrv B. Savler, Iluntinjiton. 
 John r. C. Shanks,!' I'ortland. 
 Janie.s N. Tvner, IVrn. 
 William Williams, Wai>aw. 
 Jeremiah M. Wil.-on, Coniiersville. 
 Simeon K. Wolfe, New AllMiny. 
 
 (ieorne C Wrinht, Des Moines. 
 
 James W. McDill, Aftoii. 
 Jackson Orr. Boone, 
 llenrv O. I'ratt. Charles City, 
 .lames Wilson, Traer. 
 
 r Kl,., ii.,t> su.-.c.*tally .■..nt.'slo.l .y *""'"'» ,^,7' ..,,,. „„,k l,i« sral Mnnl. '-•I. 1S74. 
 i Killl^'linlXilidSy contested by Jobn E. Nell. 
 
FORTY-THIED CONGRESS. 
 KANSAS. 
 
 237 
 
 SBNATOUS. 
 
 Alexander Caldwell," Leavenwortli. 
 Kobert Crozier, '' Leavenworth. 
 
 James M. Harvey, " Vinton. 
 John James Ingall.", Atchison. 
 
 kHrHESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Stephen Alonzo Cobb, Wyandotte. 
 David I'. I.oue, Kort Scott. 
 
 AVilliaiii .\. riiilUpK, Salina. 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 SEXATOKS. 
 
 Tliomas C. iMeCreery,'' Owenaboro. 
 
 HEI>RKSEXTATl\]:s. 
 
 Ce(jrf;e M. .\dains, Harboursvillc. 
 William K. Artlmr, Covington. 
 James 15. I!eck, Lexington. 
 John Yonng Brown, Henderson. 
 Edward C'ro.ssland, Mayfield. 
 
 .lolin W. Stevenson, Covington. 
 
 ^lilton J. IJnrham, Danville. 
 Charles W. Milliken, l'"ranklin. 
 William P.. Read, Hodgensville. 
 Elisha D. Standiford, Ijonisville. 
 John D. Yonng,'' Uwensville. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 J. RcKliiiau West, New Orleans. 
 
 REPKESEXTATI VES. 
 
 Chester B. Darrall, Brashear. 
 
 Frank Morey, Monroe. 
 
 Lionel A. Sheldon, '' New Orleans. 
 
 Vacant. 
 
 George A. Sheridan./ 
 George L. Smitli,£' Shreveport. 
 J. Hale Syplier,'' New Orleans. 
 
 MAIXK. 
 
 llamjibal llaiuliu, Bangor. 
 
 MEXATOKS. 
 
 Lot M. Mnirill, Augnsta. 
 
 KE1'KKSEXTAT[VH>. 
 
 James G. Blaine, * Augusta. 
 
 John IL Burleigh, South Berwick. 
 
 William P. Frve, Lewiston. 
 
 Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. 
 Samuel F. Uensey,./ Bangor. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 George R. Dennis, King ton. 
 
 KKi'liESKXTATIVKf 
 
 William J. Albert, Baltimore. 
 Stevenson Archer, Belair. 
 Lloyd Lowndes, jr., Ouuiberland. 
 
 Wil iam T. 
 
 1 lagers town. 
 
 William J. O'Brien, Baltimore. 
 Thomas Swann, Baltimore. 
 Ephraim K. Wilson, Snow Hill. 
 
 u Resigned March 24, 1873. 
 
 ''Appointed in plaee of Ale.xaiuler Caldwell, resigned: took his seat December 1. 1873. 
 
 (■Elected in place of Alexander Caldwell, resigned, Robert Crozier having been appointed jin, tciiiimrc; loik liis seat 
 February 12, 187-1. 
 ''Election nnsneces.sfnlly conteslcil by John M. Bnrns. 
 
 ••Election unsncccAsi'nllv conU'sted l,y Ranihdl I,. Cibson; look his .seat December 2. 1873. 
 /Election nnsuccessfnlly conicsted by 1'. H. S. I'inchback; took his seat March 3. 1875. 
 w Election nnsuccessfnlly contested by E. C. Davidson; took his seat December 3, 1873. 
 'i Election unsnccessfidly ci>nlcstcd by E. Lawrence; took his .seat December 2, 1873 
 ' Elected Speaker December 2, 1873. 
 J Died February 3, 1875. 
 
238 
 
 CONGKKSSIONAL DIRECTOKY. 
 
 MA.SSACHr8ETT.S. 
 
 Geoi-ge S. Boutwell," tirotoii. 
 Charles Sumuer, '' Boston. 
 
 8ESATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 .Taine? Hnffinton, Fall River. 
 Hfiijamin K. Hiitlcr, Lnwell. 
 Alvali t'rockt-r,'' Fitohburg. 
 Ikiiry I.. Dawes, I'ittsfieM. 
 Daniel W. Ciooch, Melnise. 
 Benj. W. Harris, Ea.'^t Bridgewaler. 
 
 Zaihariah Chaniller, Detroit. 
 
 MI(HI(;AX. 
 
 SEN.\TOR.S. 
 
 R EPRE8EXT.\TI V ES. 
 
 Josiah W. Begole, Flint. 
 Natluui li. Bradley. Bay City. 
 Jnlius C. Burmw!^, Kalania/oo. 
 OmarD. Conger, Port llnmn. 
 Mo.ses W. Field, Detroit. 
 
 William B. Washburn, •' GreenlieUl. 
 
 E. Rockwood Hoar, Concord. 
 Cieorge F. Hoar, Worcester. 
 Samuel Hooper, -^ Boston. 
 Henry L. I'ierce, Boston. 
 Charles A. Stevens, / Ware. 
 John M. S. Williams, Cambridge. 
 
 Thomas W. Ferry, Grand Haven. 
 
 .lav .\. Hnlihell, Houghton. 
 Henry Wal.lron, Hillsdale. 
 George Willard. Battle Creek. 
 William B. Williains,V Allegan. 
 
 MIXXESOTA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Alexander Ramsey, St. Paul. William Wiiidcun, Wimma. 
 
 KEI'UESEXTATIVES. 
 
 John T. Averill, St. Paul, 
 ^hirk H. Dunnell, Owatoiina. 
 
 James I.. Alcorn, Friar's Point. 
 Adelbert .Vnies,'' Xatchez. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Heniv W. Barry, Columbus. 
 Albert K. Howe, Sardis. 
 Lucius (l- C. Lamar, Oxford. 
 
 REPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 Horace B. Strait, Shakoj^e. 
 
 Henry R. Pease, ' Jackson. 
 
 John R. Lynch. Xatchez. 
 tieorgeC. ^IcKee, Vicksbui-g. 
 Ja-son Xiles, Kosciusko. 
 
 Lewis V. Bogy, St. Louis. 
 
 KEPKESEXTATI V ES. 
 
 Richanl P. Bland, Lebanon. 
 .Vvlett H. Buckner, Mexico. 
 John B. Clark, jr., Fayette. 
 Abram Comingo, Independence. 
 Thos. T. Crittenden, Warrensburi.'. 
 John M. (ilover. La Grange. 
 Robert .\. Hatcher. Xew .Madri.l. 
 
 Carl Schurz, St. Louis. 
 
 Harrison E. Havens, SpringHeld. 
 Ira B. Hyde. Princeton. 
 Isaac C. Parker. St. Joseph. 
 Rlwiu O. Stanard, St. Louis. 
 William H. Stone, St. Ixiuis. 
 Erastus Wells, St. Louis. 
 
 XEBRASKA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Phineas W. Hitchcock, Omaha. Thomas W. Tipton, Brownsville. 
 
 REI'RESEXTATIVE. 
 
 Lorenzo Crounse, Fort Calhoun. 
 
 " EhcU-d ill pliuiMpf Uiiiry Wllwm, olectcd Vlci'-PiwMcnt; took bin seat March 17, l«i3. 
 
 '•I>ii'<l Mjirch 11. 1874. 
 
 ■■ KIcrtiil ill |iliu-f <>( Charles Sumner, dcrcasi-il; l(Mik his st-nt May 1, 1874. 
 
 .(Hii-rt 1 fiiihir 26. 1874. 
 
 . IH.-<1 Ki-I.rimrv H. 1875. 
 
 / Elwttil ill pliici- of Alvah Crocker. <leeeii.iitl; took his sent Janimry 27. 187.1, 
 
 •J Eliittil ill plnce of Wililer I). FosUT, (leceiuxwl in 1873; tin.k hN wal Pecemher 1. 1873. 
 
 h lU'HiKllttl 1874. 
 
 ( Elected In place of Adelbert Ames, resigned; took hUseiit Fcbniarj- 12. 18,4. 
 
FORTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 
 NEVADA. 
 
 239 
 
 John P. Jones, Gold Hill. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 William M. Stewart, Virginia City. 
 
 REPRESEN'T.tTIVE. 
 
 Charles W. Kendall, Hamilton. 
 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Aaron H. Cragin, Lebanon. Bainbridge Wadleigh, Milford. 
 
 BEPRESEXT.\TIVES. 
 
 William B. Small, New Market. 
 
 Hosea W. Parker, Claremont. 
 Austin F. Pike, Franklin. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Frederick T. Frelinghnysen, Newark. John P. Stockton, Trenton. 
 
 EEPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 Amos Clark, jr., Elizabeth. 
 Samuel A. Dobbins, Mount Holly. 
 Robert Hamilton, Newton. 
 John W. Hazleton, Mullica Hill. 
 
 William W. Phelps, Englewood 
 Isaac W. Scudder, Jersey City. 
 Marcus L. Ward, Newark. 
 
 Boscoe Conkling, Utica. 
 
 NEAV YORK. 
 
 SEN'.VTORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Lyman K. Bass," Buffalo. 
 Simeon B. Chittenden, Brooklyn. 
 Freeman Clarke, Rochester. 
 Samuel S. Cox, New York. 
 Thomas J. Creamer, New York. 
 Philip S. Crooke, Flatbush. 
 David :\I. De Witt, Kingston. 
 R. Holland Duell, Cortland. 
 Rol)ert S. Hale, Elizabethtown. 
 H. H. Hathorn, Saratoga Springs. 
 George G. Hoskins, Attica. 
 William H. Lamport, Canandaigua. 
 William E. Lansing, Chittenango. 
 John 1). Lawson, New York. 
 Clinton D. MacDougall, Auburn. 
 David B. Mellish,^ New York. 
 Clinton L. Merriam, Locust Grove. 
 Eli Perry, Albanv. 
 
 Reuben E. Fentou, Jamestown. 
 
 Thomas C. Piatt, Owego. 
 Clarkson N. Potter, New Rochelle. 
 Ellis H. Roberts, Utica. 
 William R. Roberts, New York. 
 Richard Schell, '' New York, 
 •fohn G. Schumakei', Brooklyn. 
 Henry J. Scudder, New York. 
 Walter L. Sessions, Panama. 
 James S. Smart, (Cambridge. 
 H. Boardman Smith, Elmira. 
 Charles St. John, Port Jervis. 
 Lyman Tremain, Albany. 
 William A. Wheeler, Malone. 
 John O. Whitehouse, Poughkeepsie. 
 David Wilber, jMilford. 
 Fernando Wood, New York. 
 Stewart L. Woodford,'' Brooklyn. 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 Augustus S. Merrimon, Raleigh. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Thomas S. Ashe, Wadesboro. 
 Clinton L. Cobb, Elizabeth City. 
 James M. Leach, Lexington. 
 William M. Robbins, Statesville. 
 
 Matt W. Ransom, Weldcj 
 
 William A. Smith, Princeton. 
 Charles R. Thomas, Ncwbern. 
 Robert B. Vance, Asheville. 
 AlfredM. Waddell, Wilmington. 
 
 f Elected in place of Stewart L. Woodford, resigned, look his seat December 7 1S74 
 I) Died May 23. 1874. 
 
 (•Elected in place of David B. Mellish, deceased; took his seat December 7, 1874. 
 f' Resigned in 1S74. 
 
24(1 
 
 0UNC»BES«iIONAL DIKKCTORY. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 Jdliii Slicnnaii, Manstii'U 
 
 RKPnfSENTATlVBS. 
 
 Henry 1?. Itininiii);. Ciiicinnnti. 
 Joliii IVrrv, rpiiir Saiiiliinky. 
 Hi'Zfkiali S. liiiii<ly, Kcfils Slills. 
 I.ori'n/11 Danfonl, St. ('lair.«vilU'. 
 William K. Kiiiclv," Somerset. 
 Cliarle." Fof^ter, Tostdria. 
 .lame.-< .V. (iarlicM, Hinun. 
 Lewis 15. (iiinekel, Oaytoii. 
 Iliif:li .1. Jewett,'' ('oluml)iiH. 
 C'liarlc!* X. Lainlsoii, Lima. 
 William Lawrence, HellelOntaiMe. 
 
 .\llen <i. Tluirmun, Columbus. 
 
 .Iame.s Monnie, Oherlin. 
 Ijiwrence T. Neal, Cliillieothe. 
 Kiiliar'l ('. I'arsim.*, ('level 
 .lames W. Kohiiison, .Mary.sville. 
 iMilton Sayler, Cincitniati. 
 Lsiae U. .slierwoiiil. Hrvan. 
 .Inhn Q. Smith. Oaklaml. 
 Milton I. SonthanI, Zanesville. 
 William 1'. Sprajjne, MeConiiellBville. 
 I.anriii |). WuoilwiMtli. Yunn^rstown. 
 
 t)KKGON. 
 
 .Tames K. Kellv, INirtlam 
 
 .liilm II. Mitchell. Portland. 
 
 KEl'HK.SKNrAriVK. 
 
 .lames W. Nesmith, '' Riereal. 
 
 PENXSYl.V.V.NI.V. 
 
 SEX.\T(>1!S. 
 
 Simon Cameron, Harrislnirg. 
 
 IiEPRB.SEXT.VriVES. 
 
 CliarU-s Alhright, Manchchiink. 
 James S. Hiery, .MIcntown. 
 John Cessim, Hedlonl. 
 I Hester Clymer, Keailin^;. 
 Carlton B. Cnrtis. Krie. 
 Alfrcil ('. Ilarmer. (iermantown. 
 William I). Kelley, l'hilailcl|ihia. 
 .lohn W. I\illin;;er, l.ehanon. 
 J..I111 A. .Ma-ec, .New KloomlieM. 
 I'.Ih iiezer Mc.limkin,'' lintli-r. 
 William .s. Moore. Wasliin<rton. 
 I.conanl Myers. rhilailel]ihia. 
 James S. Ne^lev, I'ittslinrj:. 
 Charles O'Neill'. I'liilacleli.liia. 
 
 .lohii .Siott, llnntinfiilon. 
 
 .lohn I!. I'acker. Sunlmry. 
 Samnel J. Kamlall. riiiladelphia. 
 Hiram L. Kichmond, Meailville. 
 Sohieski Hoss, Couilersport. 
 tilenni W. .s,.|,iij.ld, Warren. 
 L. 1). Shoemaker, Wilkesbarre. 
 A. llerr Smith. Lancaster. 
 K. Milton .Speer, llnntin);<lon. 
 .lohn r>. Storm, Strouclshnrj;. 
 .lames I). Strawliri(|i:e, Danville. 
 .\lexaniler \V. Taylor, Indiana. 
 John -M. Thompson,' Hutler. 
 Lenmel Todd, Carlisle. 
 Witshinjjlon Town.send, Westchester. 
 
 KHODE ISLAM). 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Henrv IV .Vnthmiv. Providence. 
 
 UKI-KI-SHNTATtVUs. 
 
 Benjamin T. Kames, Providence. 
 
 .SOtTII C.VKOl.l.X. 
 
 William Sprajrne. Provi<leni'e. 
 
 James M. Penilleton, Westerly. 
 
 •Tohn .1. I'alli'rson, Colnmhia. 
 
 SEXATOIis. 
 
 HKl'ltESE.\TATlVh>. 
 
 Kiehanl H. Cain, C-olunihia. 
 Lewis C. Carpenter,.'' Cohnuhia. 
 KolK-rt R. Klliolt,''Colnnil>ia. 
 
 Thomas J. Holiert.son, Cohnnhia. 
 
 Josejih H. Hainey, (ieotyetown. 
 Alonzo J. Kansier, Charleston. 
 .\lexandor S. Wallaee, Vorknlle. 
 
 1S74. 
 
 «! KliTii'iI ill pluci- of ]|ti|;h J. J«\vcll, rt'.slgnwl; took his Mt-al l^riHMiiWer J 
 
 h K>'><ii:iu'<l In 1S7I. 
 
 <• Klriiiil in pliMi' i>f J. I!. Wilsnn. clwonsol In 1«7S. linrlnK never 'iikcn his avat. 
 
 'I KfsijfiK'<t Jniinury 1. 1S7.S, tittvJnK Ikhmi eU'cteil diMlriol jnilKC. 
 
 ■■ KliTicil in |ilii<c ci( El>iMii'/.i'r Mclnnkln. resifiieil, look liis seat January .1. 1S7.'>. 
 
 / Kli'tleil in place ii( Uulierl B. Kllloll. resl(r"e(l; niok His s«uit Dceemlwr 7, 1871. 
 
FOKTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 241 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 SEXATOKS. 
 
 William G. Brownlow, Kiioxville. Henry Cooper, Nashville. 
 
 HEI'HESENTATIVES. 
 
 John D. C. Atking, Paris. Barbour Lewis, Memiihis. 
 
 .Tohii M. Brijiht, Favetteville. Horace Maynard, KiKJXville. 
 
 Roderick R. Bvitler,'Taylorsville. David A. Nunn, Bnjwnsville. 
 
 William Crntchfield, Chattanooga. Japob M. Thornbiirj^'h, Knoxville. 
 
 Horace H. Harrison, Nashville." Washington C. Whitthorne, Columbia. 
 
 TEXAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 .Tames W. Flanagan, Flanagans Mills. Morgan C. Hamilton, .\iistin. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 De Witt C. Giddings, Brenhani. William P. McLean, Mount Pleasant. 
 
 John Hancock, Austin. Roger Q. Mills, Con-^icana. 
 
 William S. Herndon, Tyler. Asa H. Willie, Galveston. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 George F. Ednnmds, Burlington. Justin S. Morrill, Strafford. 
 
 JlEl'RESENTATIVES. 
 
 George W. Hendee, INIorrisville. Charles W. AVillard, Blontpelier. 
 
 Luke P. Poland, St. Johnsbury. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John W. Johnston, Al)ingd(in. John F. Lewis, Port Republic. 
 
 REPRESE.VTATIVES. 
 
 Rees T. Bowen, Maiden Spring. * James B. Sener, Fredericksburg. 
 
 Alexander M. Davis," Independence. J. Ambler Smith, Richmond. 
 
 John T. Harris, Harri-sonburg. Williaui II. H. Stowell, Burkeville. 
 
 Eppa Hunton, Warrenton. Christopher Y. Thomas,'' Martinsville. 
 
 James H. Piatt, jr., Norfolk. Thomas Whitehead, Audierst. 
 
 WEST VIR(iINIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Arthur I. Eoreman, Parkersburg. Henry G. Davis, Piedmont. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John J. Davis, '' Clarksliurg. Frank Hereford, Union. 
 
 John M. Hagans,'' IMorgantown. 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 SENATORS. . 
 
 Matthew H. Carpenter,' IMihvaukee. Timothy <>. Howe, Green Bay. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 J. Allen Barber, Lancaster. Alexander Mitchell, Milw.aukee. 
 
 Charles A. Eldridge, Fond du Lac. Jeremiah M. Rusk, \'iroqua. 
 
 Geri'y W. Hazelton, Columbus. Philetus Saw}-er, Gshkosh. 
 
 Alexander S. McDill, Plover. Charles G. Williams, Jaynesville. 
 
 t 
 
 " Slftction successfully contested by Christopher Y. Thomas. 
 
 i' Successfully contested the election of .Vlexjindei- M. Davis; took his seat March .'», 1874. 
 <■ Election unsnccessfully contested by Hciijiiniin Wilson: took his sent January '27, 1874. 
 rt Election tmsucccssfully contested by Benjamin F. Martin; took his seat January 27, 1874. 
 <■ Elected President pro tenii)orc^ March 12, 1873. 
 
 H. Doc' 458 1<) 
 
CiiNClKKSsJlUNAL UIKECTOKY 
 
 ARIZONA TKHlilToKY. 
 
 DKLWIATK. 
 
 Ricliiird r. JlcC'ormick, Tucson. 
 Gdl.DKAIiti TKKUrroUY. 
 
 IIELE<iATE. 
 
 .K'nuiu' It. Cliiild'c, IlenviT. 
 DAKOTA TKIJIMTORY. 
 
 DEl.KdATE. 
 
 ^losos K. Ariii,«tri)iin, Yiiiikton. 
 DISTRICT OK COl.rMl'.IA. 
 
 DELEllATK. 
 
 NoHiiii r. Chiiumin, Wasliimrtiin. 
 IDAHO TKURITORY. 
 
 DELKOATE. 
 
 liii Ilailey, Boise City. 
 
 a Election iiiisuccessfully contcstcJ by George R. Maxwell. 
 
 MdNTANA TlMfRIToRY. 
 
 l>KLE(iATK. 
 
 Martin Matrinnic, Helena. 
 TKRRITOKY oK NKW MK.XRO. 
 
 DELB(1.\TE. 
 
 Stephen B. KlkinH, Santa Fe. 
 UTAH TKKKITOKV. 
 
 DEI.EliATK. 
 
 George Q. Cannon," Salt Uike City. 
 WASIIIXGTOX TEHRIT(M?Y. 
 
 l)T:r.E(iATK. 
 
 C)baiU;ili B. MfFatiiien, Olyiiipia. 
 WYOMING TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 William K. Steele, Cheyenne. 
 
FOirrY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 
 
 First session, from Deremher 0, ISTo, to Aiupid 15, 1S76. Second Si'ssioii, from Decemhrr //, ISTH, to 
 
 March S, 1677. 
 
 Vice-President.'^ President of tlie Semite pro teinpor'?. — Thomas W. Feuhv, of Michigan, cU'rtcil 
 Marcli 9, 1875, in ^'I)ecial session; ajiain elected March 19, 1875; and ajrain elected December 20, 1875. 
 Secretanj of the Senate. — (lEomiK ('. (iouham, of California. 
 
 Speakers of the House. — JlrciiAEi. C. KEFti!,'' of Indiana; Sami'el J. K an- dam., of Pennsylvania, elected 
 December 4, 1870. Clerk- of the House. — (ti;oh(;e M. Adams, of Kentucky, elected December <>, 1875. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 senators. 
 GoorKC Gol<lthwaite, Montgomery. George K. Sj)encer, Decaliir. 
 
 HE1-I!ESEXTATIVES. 
 
 'Paul r.radford, Talladega. Charles Hays, iraysville. 
 
 .lolin 11. Caldwell, .hicksonville. (iold^milli W. Hewitt, liirminghani. 
 
 William 11. Forney, Jacksonville. Burwell B. Lewis, Tn.scaloo.sa. 
 
 Jere Haralson, « Selnia. Jere X. Williams, Clayton. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 Powell Clayton, Little Lock. Stephen \V. Dorsey, Helena. 
 
 liEl'UESENTATIVES. 
 
 Lucien C. (iause, .lacksonport. William F. Slemons, Monticello. 
 
 Tlxjuias M. Gunter, Fayetteville. William W. Wilshire, Little Kock. 
 
 CALIFORNLV. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Newton Booth, Sacramento. Aaron A. Sargent, Nevada City. 
 
 JiEI'HESKXTATIVES. 
 
 .John K. Luttrell, Santa Rosa. William A. Piper, San Francisco. 
 
 Hc;race Francis Page, Placerville. Peter Dinwiddle Wigginton, Merced. 
 
 C()L()l;.\l«>, 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Jerome B. Chaffee,'' Lenver. Henry M. Teller,' Central City. 
 
 REI'RKSENTATIVE. 
 
 James B. Belford,' Central City. 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 William II. Barnnni,.'' Limerock. James K. English, f/ New Haven. 
 
 William W. Eaton, Hartford. Orris S. Ferry,/' Norwalk. 
 
 n Henry Wilson, Vice-President of tlic I-'nitecl States, died November 2'2, 1875. 
 
 ''Difcl AllKllst I'.l, 1N7I1. 
 
 <• Klectinii unMl('^M■^^l"lll]y contc..*ted by I'^. (r. liromberg. 
 ''Took liiMM'at IXTClTllier 4, lK7('i. 
 '•Took Ills scut Jiinuiiry 31. 1877. 
 
 / Klecteil Senator in pliice of Orris .S. Ferry, deceased, .liuiics K. KoKlish hnving been iipi>ointcd iiro icniiir)rc; took lii.t seat 
 May 'ii. 1H7I1. 
 1/ Aiipoinled in place of Orris S. Ferry, deeea-sed; took liis scat Dei'cmlicr 7. 1.S7.5. 
 '■ Died November '21, 187.5. 
 
 243 
 
244 CONUKKSSIUNAI, DTRKOTORY. 
 
 UKI'llKSKNTAI IVi:-<. 
 
 WilliaiM II. llaiiiuiM," l.iiiuTock. Henry II. SlarkwcatluT,'' Nurwicli. 
 
 (ii'i>rt;c .M. Ijuiilcrs, Now llriluiii. .lolin TiinuT Wail,'' Norwich, 
 
 .lanii's I'lu'li>.i, Khmox. Li'vi Warner, '' Norwalk. 
 
 i>i:i,.\w.\i!i:. 
 
 .SKN,\-1(I1IS. 
 
 TluiMia." I". r>:iyaril. Wilmintrlon. I'.li Satil.-lmry, I'liver. 
 
 UKI'ltKSKMATlVK. 
 
 .lanif!' Williams. Keiildn. 
 
 K1,()U1I).\. 
 
 .sKsvroii-. 
 Siniiin r.. Cimiivcr, Tallahassee. Charles W. .limes, IVnsaenla. 
 
 iii:ncKsKNTA rivivs. 
 .Ii»(<se.I. I'inlev, ' .laeksonville. ,h)siali T. Walls, .'( iainesville. 
 
 Wni. .1. I'liriiian. Tallaliasr 
 
 (ii:oii<;i.\. 
 
 .S|:XAT(>HS. 
 
 .Iiiliii 1!. lumlcin, .\tlanla. Thmiias Manson Nnrwuoil, i^avannah. 
 
 ni:L'iir>i:N rvTix ics. 
 
 James II. Blmnit, Maenn. .lulian Ilarlridtie. Savannah. 
 
 Alilt.m .\. Caiidler, .Ulaiila. liiMijaiuin II. Hill, (/ Atlanta. 
 
 rhili|i (niik, .Vinerieiis, William K. .Smith, .\lhany. 
 
 William II. IVlton, Cartersville. A. II. Slephwis, Cniwforjville. 
 Henry K. Harris, (ircenville. 
 
 II,LlNt)ls. 
 
 SEXATOltS. 
 
 .Idhn A. I,nj;aii. Chiea;;". Kiihanl .1. Ojileshy. l>eraliir. 
 
 KKIMilCSKXTATIVKs. 
 
 Will. H. Anilersoii. I'.lk I'raiiie. William Hartzell, Chester. 
 
 .Iiihn ('. Ha-rhy, Kiishville. Tims. ,1. Hen<Ieisiin. I'rineetnn. 
 
 lloialio C. Mnreharil, Kreei>iir(. Steiihen .\. Ilurlliut, Helviilere. 
 
 .Mexander Cam|il)ell, l-a.salle. Williani I{. Murrlsun. Waterloo, 
 
 .lo.seph ti. Caiinoii, PanvilU'. .1. V. I,e .Moyne, ' Cliieasio. 
 
 liarnaril li. CaiiMielil, Chicai;i). William .\. .1. Sparks, Carlyle. 
 
 ,I(ilin l{. IMeii, Sullivan. William M, Spriiiv-er. Spriiiirlield. 
 
 Charli'S It. Kai well,'' Chieapi. .\illai K.Slevensmi. r.lui.niini.'ton. 
 
 (in'eiiliiiry I,. I'"int, Laeon. Uii-hard H. Whilinj.', IVoria. 
 
 Carter II. Ilarrisiin, Chiea*:". s,-„(t Wike. ritlslielil. 
 
 INIU AN A. 
 
 srXATOHS. 
 
 ,I<>si'|)h i;. MiDonald, Iiidiaiia|piili.s. Oliver I". .Morton, Iiidianaiioli.s. 
 
 ItKrHKSKXTATIVKS. 
 
 .John II. r.aker, C.oshen. .\ndrew Hnniiilireys.' 
 
 Nathan T. Carr,.' Cohinihns. Morion C. Hunter, Blooniin);ti)ii 
 
 Thomas .1. Ca.son, l.ehaiion. Miehael C. Kerr.' New .\IIiany. 
 
 .lames I„ Kvans. Nohlesville. Kianklin Landers. lndiana|>olis. 
 
 Ki'iioni S. KiiUer, Homiville. .leplha D. New. Wtudii. 
 
 Andrew II. Hamilton, Korl Wavne. Milton S. Holiiii.-oii. .\iidei-son. 
 
 Williams. Ilaymoiiil, .Moiitieelio. ,lames I>. Williams,"' Wlu^alland. 
 W. S. Holman, .\urora. 
 
 .1 Klrili'<l Si'iiiiliir ill |iliiri' (if I irrl.s S, TiTry, iliieiiM'il, .liiiiu'..< K. KiikI Wi Imvliii; tieeii iipiKiiiiicl |.r>. tiiiiimrv; tm.k liii. »<•«! 
 Miiv ■-'■.•. I't'il. 
 i.'lii.-.l .liiiiiiiirv i>i. 1«Ti'.. 
 
 <■ 1 111 I. .1 in lililrr III lli'lirv II. SlarkweilllliT, ili reil.si'il; liHik Ills Mill Alirll f.'. ISifi. 
 
 >i !■ Ii I li-il ill |.liii f Willii'iiii II. Hiirmilii, iliTli-il Si'iiiiliir, Imik M- Mill IieirmlMT 4, IXTG. 
 
 rsiii ii"fiillv I i.iil.«liil till' iliilliiii iif .liisiiili T. Willis; liHik lUM M'lil .\|>rll III, l»;ii. 
 
 / Kliitii.li Mil rivsfullv |.iilili.«li'il h.v .lewi' .1. Killle.v. 
 
 W Kli'rl<.<l III l.liiri- iiHiimt MiMillilll. ili-iiil«i.<l. 111 1ST.'.: toek lllsM'ill DlWllllKT 6. 1S7.S. 
 
 * Kli'iiliiii Mil- iiillv iiiiii|.>ii'il liv.l. V 1,1' Miiyiie. 
 
 'Siiiri.«,«(iilly I Miilisliil I III' I'lertliili i>( rlmrlrs H Kiiruill; IiKik his will Miiv I'.. ISTli. 
 J i:iii iiil 111 'pliii I ..( Miiliml r KiTr. iliMcii«iiI; lin.k lii> will |iiiviiilnr .'>. IS7r.. 
 
 * KUtUhI In |iliir<' III .l«iin« l>. Wlllliinii'. n-litiieil: imik Ills swit HceeiiilH'r .''. IsT6. 
 ' Kli.<lc'il Sln'iikiT iH-ri'iiilKTI",. IH7.'>; (lleil Alik'ilil 1'.'. ISTli. 
 
 "I l(<.!iiKIK-<l 111 l'>"6. hnviiiK liwii eli'iii'il (fnviTimr nt Iinliitnii. 
 
FORTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 
 
 245 
 
 William B. Allisun, Dubuque. 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 L. L. Ain.sworth, We.«t Union. 
 John A. Kasson, Des Moines. 
 George W. McCrary, Keokuk. 
 James Wilson jreDill, Afton. 
 Addison Oliver, Ona^va. 
 
 George (J. Wri<;ht, Des Moines. 
 
 Henry O. Pratt, Chai'les City. 
 Ezekiel S. Sampson, Sifrouruev. 
 John Q. Tufts, Wilton Junction. 
 James Wilson, Traer. 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 James M. Harvey, Vinton. John James lnt;alls, .Vtchison. 
 
 RBPRESENT.VTIVES. 
 
 William R. Brown, Hutchinson. 
 John R. Cioodin, Humboldt. 
 
 KKNXrCKY. 
 
 SE.V.VTOKS. 
 
 Tliomas C. iMcCreery, Ovvensbori). 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Joseph C. S. Blackburn, Versailles. 
 Andrew R. Boone, Mayfield. 
 John Youni; Brown, Henderson. 
 John B. Clarke, Brooksville. 
 Milton J. Durham, Danville. 
 Thomas L. Jones, Newport. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 J. R. West, New ( Irleans. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Chester B. Darrall, Brashear. 
 E. John Ellis, New Orleans. 
 Randall L. Giljson, New Orleans. 
 William M. Levy, Natchitoches. 
 
 James G. Blaine, '■ ,\ugnsta. 
 Hannibal Hamlin, Bangor. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 James G, Blaine, '' .Vugnsta. 
 Jnci. II. I'.urleitrb.Sdutli Berwick. 
 Edwin Five,!/ Newcastle. 
 
 William A. Phillips, Salina. 
 
 John W. Stevenson, Covington. 
 
 J. Proctor Knott, Lebanon. 
 Charles W. .Milliken, Franklin. 
 Edward Y. Parsons," Louisville. 
 Henry Watterson,'' Lcjuisville. 
 John D. White, Manchester. 
 
 Vacant. 
 
 Frank Morey,'' Monroe. 
 Charles E. Nash, Washington. 
 William B. Spencer,'' Vidalia. 
 
 Lot :\I. Morrill, 7' Augusta. 
 
 William P. Frvo, Lewiston. 
 Eugene Hale, Kllsworth. 
 Harris M. Plaisted.'' Bangor. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 George K. Dennis, Kingston. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Eli J. Henkle, Brooklyn. 
 William .]. O'Brien, Baltimore, 
 Charles B. Roberts, Westminster. 
 
 William Pinkney Whyte, Baltimc 
 
 Thomas Swanu, Baltimore. 
 Philip F. Thomas, Eastern. 
 William Walsh, Cumberland. 
 
 n Died .Tuly 8, 1S76. 
 
 ''Elci-tcil ill pliii'c of Krlwiml Y. Ptirsons, ilecen.'iCfl: took lii.s .seat Aiigu.st 12, 1876. 
 
 ''Klectinn siK-eossfuHv coiitosted l)y Williiini U. Spencer. 
 
 (iSiiccessfiillv contcst'eil llie elcctiim of Fniiik Morey: took liis seat .Tune 8, 1876: resigned January 8, 187 
 
 eElcc'tc'l Sniiitcir in place of Lot M. Morrill. ri^iKTied: took his seat December 4, 1876. 
 
 /ResiKncd .f\ily 7, I87ri. liaviiiK lieen iippninleci .Secretary of ttie Treasury. 
 
 ft Elected in place of .lames G, Blaine, resijjned; took his seat December 4, 1876. 
 
 'i Elected in place of Samuel F. Horsey, deceased; took his scat December 6. 1875. 
 
246 
 
 CONORESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 MASSACHl'SETT-S. 
 
 8ESATORS. 
 
 George S. Boutwell, Oroton. 
 
 REPHESENTATIVES. 
 
 Josiah O. Ahboft," Hoston. 
 Nallmiiii'l 1'. liaiiks, Wiiltlmni. 
 Clicsit-r \V. ('Iiai«iii, Spriiinlu'lil. 
 Williiuii W. Crapd,'' Now Binlforit. 
 Kiifiin S, riiist, ' C'lu'lsva. 
 r.iiij. W. Harris, East BridpewatiT. 
 
 Isaac r. Cliristiaiicy. Lansing. 
 
 Nathan B. Bradley, Bay City. 
 Omar D. Con^rcr, Tort iluron. 
 ( Jfciryi' II. I'lirainl. Flint. 
 Jav A. IhihlH'll. lli>ii;:hton. 
 Allen Potter, Kalamazoo. 
 
 MICHIGAN. 
 
 SKN.\TOKS. 
 REl'UESENTATIVtiH. 
 
 MINNESOTA. 
 
 SKNATOHS. 
 
 Samuel J. R.. McMillan, St. I'aiil. 
 
 Mark H. Dunnell, Owatonna. 
 William S. Kiii^:. Minncaimlis. 
 
 KEI'HKSEXTATIVES. 
 
 Mississiri'i. 
 
 .SENATORS. 
 
 James Lusk .Mcnrn, Friai-s Point. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Charles E. Hooker. Jackson. 
 Lucius tj. C. Lamar, Oxford. 
 John K. Lvnch, Natchez. 
 
 ly«'\vis V. Bogy, St. Louis. 
 
 MIS.SOUKL 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENT ATI V ES. 
 
 Richard P. Bland, Lebanon. 
 Avlctl H. Biickncr, Mexico. 
 J<ihn B. Clark, jr., Fayette. 
 Uezin A. I>e H( ill. Trenton. 
 15enjamin J. Franklin, Kansas City, 
 ■lolin M. (diivcr. La^;rant;i'. 
 Robert A, Hatcher, New Madrid. 
 
 NEBRASKA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Phineas W. Hitchcock, Omaha. 
 
 KEPRE.>ENTAT1VE. 
 
 Lorenzo Crounse, Fort Calhoun. 
 NEVADA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Hcnrv L. Dawes, Pittsfield. 
 
 (ieorjie F. Hoar, Worcester. 
 Henry L. Pierce, Buston. 
 .Inlius H. Scelye, .\ndierst. 
 .lohn K. Tarbox, Lawrence. 
 Charles P. Tliomi>.son, (iloucester. 
 Williau] Wirt Warren, Boston. 
 
 Thomas W. Ferry,'' (irand Haven. 
 
 Henry Waldron, Hillsdale, 
 (ieorfie Willard, Battle Creek. 
 .\li>heus S. Williams, Detroit. 
 William B. Williams, Allegan. 
 
 William Windom, Winona. 
 Horace B. Strait.' Shakopee. 
 
 Blanche K. Bruce, Floreyville. 
 
 Hernando De Sotn Money, Winona. 
 Othci R. Sinjileton, Canton. 
 G. Wiley Wells, Holly Spring. 
 
 Francis M. Cockrell. Warrensburg. 
 
 Edward C Kehr, St. Louis. 
 Charles H. Moiyan, Uunar. 
 John F. Philips, .S'llalia. 
 David Rea. Savannah. 
 William II. .Slune, St. I^ouis. 
 Erastus Wells, St, Louis. 
 
 .Mfiernon S. Paddo<'k. Beatrice. 
 
 John P. Jones, (;old Hill. 
 
 William Sharon, Virginia Cit/. 
 
 IIEPRE8ENT.\TIVE. 
 
 William Woodburn, Virginia City, 
 
 oSiiiii-.vifiiUv r.inlc-iIiMl l\iv clccllim «i( Uiidis S. Friwl: tmik IiIummiI July at, IsTii. . 
 
 »• KK'cli'il In 'pliiiv .■( .lanus llnmiiloii, ilofii.soil in IsT.'i; tiKik Ills wat I)fceiul)t'r C, 1875. 
 
 ■•Kii'Clloii siiiii's-dill.v cimli'slisj liy Jwluli (j. At)tK>lt. 
 
 'I VrvMiivux pni lein|>*tr\'. 
 
 <■ Kli'ollun uii«ii'<.<-»fiilly comcitwl by E. S. Cox. 
 
FOETY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 
 
 247 
 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Aaron H. Cragin, Lebanon. Bainbridge WaiUeigh, Milford. 
 
 HKl'HESENTATI VES. 
 
 Samuel N. Bell, Manche.«ter. Frank Jones, Portsmouth. 
 
 Henry W. Blair, Plymouth. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Frederick T. Frelinjjhuysen, Newark. 
 
 KEl'HESE.VTATIVES. 
 
 Augustus W. Cutler, IMorristown. 
 Samuel A. Dobbins, Mount Holly. 
 Robert Hamilton, Newton. 
 Augustus A. Hardenbergh, Jen-^ey City. 
 
 Theodore F. Kandoliih, Morristown. 
 
 Miles Ross, New Brunswick. 
 Clement H. Sinnickson, Salem. 
 Frederick H. Teese, Newark. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 Roscoe Conkling, I'tica. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Charles H. Adams, Cohoes. 
 George A. Bagley, Watertown. 
 John H. Bagley, jr., Catskill. 
 AVilliam H. Baker, Constantia. 
 Lyman K. Bass, Buffalo. 
 Cieorge M. Beebe, Monticello. 
 Archibald M. Bliss, Brooklyn. 
 Simeon B. Chittenden, Brooklyn. 
 Samuel S. Cox, New York. 
 John M. Davy, Rochester. 
 Snuth Ely, jr.," New York. 
 David Dudley Field,'' New York. 
 H. H. Hathorn, Saratoga Springs. 
 Abram S. Hewitt, New York. 
 George Ci. Hoskins, Attica. 
 Elbridge G. Lapham, Canandaigua. 
 Elias W. Leavenworth, Syracuse. 
 
 Francis Kernan, Utica. 
 
 Scott Lord, Utica. 
 Clinton D. MacDougall, .Vulmrn. 
 Edwin R. Meade, New York. 
 Henry B. Metcalfe, Westfield. 
 Samuel F. Miller, North Franklin. 
 Nelson I. Norton,'' Hinsdale. 
 N. Holmes Odell, White Plains. 
 Thomas C. Piatt, Owego. 
 John G. Schumaker, Brooklyn. 
 Martin L Townsend, Troy. 
 Charles C. B. Walker, Coriung. 
 Elijah Ward, New York. 
 William A. Wheeler, Malone. 
 John O. Whitehouse, Poughkeepsie. 
 Amlrew Williams, Plattsburg. 
 Benjamin A. Willis, New York. 
 Fernando Wood, New York. 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Augustus S. Merrimon, Raleigh 
 
 REI'RESEXTATIVE.S. 
 
 Thomas S. Ashe, Wadesboro. 
 Joseph J. Davis, Louisburg. 
 John A. Hyman, Warrenton. 
 William M! Roblsins, Statesville. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 Jlatt. W. Ransom, Weldon. 
 
 Alfred 1\I. Scales, Greensboro. 
 Rol)ert B. Vance, Asheville. 
 Alfred M. Waddell, Wilmington. 
 Jesse J. Yeates, Murfreesboro. 
 
 John Sherman, Mansfield 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Henry B. Banning, Cincinnati. 
 Jacob P. Cowan, Ashlaml. 
 Lorenzo Danford, St. Clairsville. 
 Charles Foster, Fostoria. 
 James A. Garfield, Hiram. 
 Frank H. Hurd, Tole.lo. 
 Wm. Lawrence, Bellefontaine. 
 John A. McMahon, Dayton. 
 James ]\Ionroe, Oberlin. 
 Lawrence T. Neal, Chillicothe. 
 
 Allen G. Thurman, Columluis 
 
 Henry B. Payne, Cleveland. 
 Early F. Popjileton, Delaware. 
 Americus V. Rice, Ottawa. 
 John S. Savage, Wilmington. 
 Milton Sayler, Cincinnati. 
 Milton I. Southard, Zanesville. 
 John L. Vance, Galli))olis. 
 Nelson II. Van Vorhes, Athens. 
 Ansel T. Walling, Circleville. 
 L. D. Woodworth, Youngstown. 
 
 " Resigned December 12, 1876, having been elected mayor of New York City. 
 
 ''Elected in place of Smith Ely, jr., resigned; took his seat January 11, 1877. 
 
 <■ Elected in place of Aiigust\is F. Allen, deceased in 1875; took his" seat December 6, 187.i. 
 
248 
 
 CONGRKSSIONAI, DIKKCTi iKY, 
 ORKGON. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 James K. Ki'llv, I'oillanil. 
 
 .T..lm H. Mit.'licll, I'nitlaii.l. 
 
 KKPKKSEXTATIVK. 
 
 I-afayettt^ Lane," Kosebiirg. 
 
 I'KNNSVI.VANIA. 
 
 SKXATOIIS. 
 
 SiiiiDii C'aineriiii, Ilairislmi-g. 
 
 William A. Walhuc, Clearlielcl. 
 
 HKPKEKENTATl V ES. 
 
 Hiester Clymer, Keadiiij;. 
 Alex. (i. C'o<-liraiie, Allesrliany City. 
 Francis I>. Culliiis, S<-iaiiton. 
 Allieit (i. l':^'liert, Kraiikliii. 
 C'liapiiiaii FiciMiiaii, l'liilailel|)liia. 
 Janu'.s II. ll()]ikiiis, I'ittslnirf;. 
 (ieor^'e .\. Jinks, llniokville. 
 William D. Kcllev, I'liiladelphia. 
 W. W. Keti-lmm,'' Wilkcsl>arrc. 
 Levi A. Maikey, Lockliaven. 
 Levi Maisli, York. 
 William Mutchlcr, I'.astcm. 
 CharU-s O'Neill, I'liiladeliiliia. 
 .lolin 1>. I'aeker, Sunbury. 
 
 Jose]ili rowell. Towamla. 
 Samuel .1. Han.lall,' I'liilailelpliia. 
 .lames I'.. Heilly, I'ottsville. 
 
 .Tohn Reilly, .Ut. a. 
 
 Julin Kolibins, riiilaileliihia. 
 iSobieski Kdss, C<inilers|Mirl. 
 .lames Sheakley, (ireenville. 
 A. Ibrr.^milh, Laiu-a.-ter. 
 William II. Stanton,'' Seranton. 
 William S. Stenfrer, ('liaml)ersbur(;. 
 AV. Town.senii, We.^t Chester, 
 .laeob Turnev, ( ireensbur;;. 
 .John W. Wallaee, Newcastle. 
 .Man Wood, jr., Consliohocken. 
 
 KlKlDK ISLAND. 
 
 SKXATOHS. 
 
 Henry B. .\nlhony, I'roviilence 
 
 REPHKSEXTATI VES. 
 
 Latimer W. Itallon, Woonso<-ket. 
 
 .\mbrose L. I'.nriisii|c. I'roviilence. 
 Benjamin T. K.anies, I'roviilence. 
 
 SOfTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 .Tohn .1. Patterson, Charleston. 
 
 KEJ'RESENTATIVES. 
 
 Charles W. I'.nttz, ' Charleston. 
 Solomon L. Ilofie, Columbia. 
 £klniuiiil W. M. Mackey,.^ Charleston. 
 
 James K. Uailey,'' Clarksville. 
 Henry Cooper, Nashville. 
 
 John 1). C. .Ukins, I'aris. 
 .lohn .M. Hrij.'ht, Kavelteville. 
 William I'. Calilwell, (ianlner, 
 (i. (1. I>ibnll, Sparta. 
 Samuel M. File.*' 
 John F. House, Clarksville. 
 
 tennkssef:. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Thomas J. Robertson, Columbia. 
 
 Joseph H. Rainey,? (ieorjietown. 
 Robert Smalls, Beaufort. 
 Alexanders. Wallace. Yorkville. 
 
 .\ndrew Johnson. ' < Jreeneville. 
 Haviil M. Key,.' Chaltanoopi. 
 
 William McFarland. Morristown. 
 
 Ilayw 1 V. Riddle.' Lebanon. 
 
 .Iac<ib M. Thornburvh, Kiioxville. 
 WashiiiL'toii C. Whitthorne, Columbia. 
 Casey Young, Memphis. 
 
 .1 Klucliil in plnii- nf fiporK<> A. Iji Iliiw, (U'i'ciUivd In 1875; took hissrat Decombere, IST.I. 
 fcUi-siK""'!' .'"Iv I'.i, l^Til. 
 f Klcciril spciikfr iJcci-mlnT I, lH7t>. 
 
 ri Klicliil in pln(i> lit WinllirM|i W. Ketihnm. ri'-slcned; look his wiit l)i-ceml)er I, lS7(i. 
 t Eli'iU'il In liil viiriini y ili<lnri'il liv Cnnnri's-'* .Inly 19, 1K<I'>; look lil» .wat .lannitry 2S, IHT7. 
 /Si'iil (!i-i'liir»-'t viiciint.luly til. IsTii. 
 a Klcrlifiii nn-nfcw«*fiillv eoiUt'.MU**! I>y Samiic) \A^i'. 
 
 ft Eiii-lfil in pluci'ot AiKlrow .Johnson, flwi'iunil. liavid SI. Ki>y liavliiKbct'n nii|iolnlc<1 ]in>tcmiion>: took hia seal .lanuary 
 29, 1S77. 
 (l)ii'<l.luly:n, isT.i. 
 
 J .\ii|K,inlLMl in pliH-e of Aiulrow JohnMtn, dwoaMKl: took tils will Iioei'mlHT l», IH'.'i. 
 
 I- Dliil OeUiU-T a, l(i75. . , ^, 
 
 lElwtcKl to nil viirancy ™ii«c<l hv tho ileath dt.Inhn W. Ilrnilanil Siiniiirl M. FIto. nfilherol whom llviil to take his M?at. 
 
Morgan C. Hamilton, Austin. 
 
 FOKTY-FOURTH CONGKESS. 
 TEXAS. 
 
 SEX.VTORS. 
 REPHESEXTATIVES. 
 
 249 
 
 Sam. Bell JIaxev, Paris. 
 
 David B. Cnlberson, Jefferson. 
 John Hancock, Austin. 
 Roger Q. jNIills, Cor.«icana. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 SEXATORS. 
 
 George F. Edmunds, Burlington. 
 
 Dudley C. Deni.son, Royalton. 
 George W. Hendee, JMorrisville. 
 
 John W. Johnston, Aliinsrdc 
 
 KEPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENT ATIVES. 
 
 George C. Cabell, Danville. 
 Beverly B. Douglas, Ayletts. 
 John Goode, jr.," Norfolk. 
 John T. Harri.s, Harrisonburg. 
 Eppa Hunton, Warrenton. 
 
 John H. Reagan, Palestine, 
 (iustave Schleicher, Cuero. 
 James \V. Throckmoiton, JIcKinney. 
 
 Justin S. ^lorrill, Strafford. 
 Charles H. Joyce, Rutland. 
 
 Robert E. Withers. Wvtheville. 
 
 William H. H. Stowed, Burkeville. 
 William Terry, Wvtheville. 
 John Randolph Tucker, Lexington. 
 Gilbert C. Walker, Richmond. 
 
 WEST VIRGINIA. 
 
 SEN.iTORS. 
 
 Allen T. Caperton, >> Union. 
 Henry G. Davis, Piedmont. 
 
 REPRESEN'T.\TIVES. 
 
 Charles J. Faulkner, Martinsburg. 
 Frank Hereford, '' Union. 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Angus Cameron, La Crosse. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Samuel D. Burchard, Beaver Dam. 
 Lucien B. Caswell, Fort -Ukinson. 
 George W. Cate, Stevens Point. 
 Alanson M. Kimball, Pine River. 
 
 Frank Hereford, '' I^nion. 
 Samuel Price,'' Lewishurg. 
 
 Benjamin Wilson, Wilsonljurg. 
 
 Timothy O. Howe, Cireeu Bay. 
 
 William Pitt Lynde, Milwaukee. 
 Henry S. ^lagoon, Darlington. 
 Jeremiah M. Rusk, Viroqua. 
 Charles G. Williams, Janesville. 
 
 ARIZONA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Hiram S. Stevens, Tucson. 
 COLORADO TERRITORY. 
 
 IIELEGATE. 
 
 Thomas ^I. Patterson, Denver. 
 DAKOTA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Jefferson P. Kidder, Vermilion. 
 
 •• Elfcuoii iiiiMicoessfuUy contested bv .lame.i H. I'liitt, jr. 
 ''Died .1 Illy Jd, 1S76. 
 
 <-EUrtL'cl s.imtor in place of Allen T. Cnperton, deceased, Samuel Price having been appointed pm teniiHuv took his 
 sent .lannary 31, 1877. . * 
 
 rf Appointed in place of .^llen T. Caperton, deceased; took hi.s seat December 4, 1876. 
 
250 CONORESSIUNAL DIRKCToKY. 
 
 IDAHO TKKRITOHY. 
 
 DELEOATES. 
 
 Thoiua)! W. Ucnnctt," HoispCity. Sifphcn S. Kcnii,'' Mdiint Malio. 
 
 MiiNTANA TKHKITilKY. 
 
 iiki,i:(;aik. 
 Martin Magiiinis, Ilelcna. 
 
 TKRRITORY OF NEW MKXICO. 
 
 DELEC.ATE. 
 
 Stfiihiii li. Klkiiis. Santa 1-V. 
 ITAIl TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEOATE. 
 
 George i.1. Cannon, Salt Lake City. 
 WASHINCTDX TKUKITOKY. 
 
 IJEl.Eli.VTK. 
 
 Orange Jacobs, Seattle. 
 
 \VY( ).M iNii ti:kritory. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 William R. Steele, Cheyenne. 
 
 oElectidii siKH-ei^sfully ('(inte.'*ted by Stephon S. Fi'im. 
 
 *SiK'cessfully contcsU'd tin- oK'itlon of Thomas W. BcmieCl: tixik his scat June 23. 1876. 
 
FOETY-FIFTH C0NGEES8. 
 
 First st'ssion, fro7n October 15, 1S77, to December 3, 1877. Second session, from December 3, 1S77, tu Jatie 
 20, 1878. Third session, from December 2, 1878, to March 3, 1879. 
 
 Vice-President. — William A. Wheeler, of New York. President of flic Senale pro tempore. —THi:m.\s 
 W. Ferry, of Michigan, elected Marcli 5, 1)S77, in special session; again elected February 26, 1878; 
 and again elected April 17, 1878. Secretarij of the Senate. — George C. Gorh.\m, of Califoi-nia. 
 
 Speaker of the Home. — Samuel J. R.\nd.-vll, of Pennsylvania, elected Oetol)er 15, 1877. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 John T. Morgan, Selma. George E. Spencer, I )ecatur. 
 
 represext.vtives. 
 
 William H. Forney, Jacksonville. James T. Jones, Demopolis. 
 
 AVilliam \V. Garth", Hnntsville. Robert F. Ligon, Tuskegee. 
 
 Hilary A. Herbert, Montgomery. Charles M. Shelley, Selnia. 
 
 G. W. Hewitt, Birmingham. " Jeremiah N. Williams, Clayton. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 . Stephen \V. Porsey, Helena. Augustus H. (nirland. Little Kock. 
 
 rehresent.vtives. 
 
 Jordan E. Cravens, Clarksville. Thomas JNI. Gunter, Favetteville. 
 
 Lucien C. Gause, Jacksonport. William F. Siemens, Monticello. 
 
 CALIFORNIA. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 Newton Booth, Sacramento. Aaron A. Sargent, Nevada City. 
 
 represext.\tives. 
 
 Horace Davis, San Francisco. Horace F. Page, Placerville. 
 
 John K. Luttrell, Santa Rosa. Peter D. Wigginton, '' Merced. 
 
 R. Pacheco," San Luis Obispo. 
 
 COLORADO. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Jerome B. Chaffee, Denver. Henry M. Teller, Central City. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 James B. Belford, c C^entral City. Thomas M. Patterson, Denver. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 .SEX.\TORS. 
 
 William H. Barnum, Lime Rock. AVilliam W. i;atou, Hartford. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 George M. Landers, New Britain. John T. Wait, Norwich. 
 
 James Phelps, Essex. Levi Warner, Norwalk. 
 
 o Election siiccosshiUv cimtf.sted bv V. D. Wi?£;intoii. 
 
 ''Took Ills sent Ft'tiriiary 7. 1H78. 
 
 <■ Received tlie eeitilieute u£ electiou; but tlie House gave the seat to T. JI. Patterson December 13, 1.S77. 
 
 251 
 
i)Z 
 
 CONORE8SION A L DI KKCTOK Y . 
 
 DELAWAKK 
 
 S-EXATORS. 
 
 Thomas F. Bayanl, Wiliniiif;liiii. 
 
 Kli Saiil.^linry, Hover. 
 
 KK1"K1;.SEXTAT1\E. 
 
 James Williams, Kenton. 
 FLORIDA. 
 
 SK-NATOIt-i. 
 
 Simon U. I'onover, Tallaliaaiee. 
 
 ltlci'iti>i:\i' \iivi> 
 
 Horatio Bisbee, jr., Jat-ki^onvillc. 
 
 John B. lionlon, .Vtlanta. 
 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 SESATOKS. 
 nEPKESEXTATI VE.v. 
 
 Miram I'. Bell, Ciimniin<r. 
 JaiiH-H H. Blount, Macon. 
 Milton .\. CaniUer, Atlanta. 
 Pliili|) I'ook, -Aniericns. 
 Williiim II. Fclton, Carti-rsville. 
 
 Pavi<l Pavis, r.loomington. 
 
 William .Vldrich, Chicago. 
 Thomas .\. Boyil, Lcwiston. 
 Lorenzo Brt-ntano, Chicago. 
 H. C. BnrchanI, Freeport. 
 Joseph (i. Cannon, Tnscola. 
 John R. Fden, Snilivan. 
 Grecnhiny L. Fort, Lacon. 
 Carter II. Harrison, Chicago. 
 William Hartzell, Chester. 
 Philip ('. Hayes, Morris. 
 
 Jos. E. ^IcI'onaM, Indianapolis. 
 Oliver P. Morton,'' Indianapolis. 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENT ATIVBS. 
 
 IXDIAXA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRE.SEXTAT1 VES. 
 
 Jolin H. Baker, (ioshen. 
 Geortre .\. Bicknell.iXew Alliany. 
 Thomas M. Urowne, Winchester. 
 William II. Calkins, Laporte. 
 Thomas R. Col pi i, Vincennes. 
 James L. Kvans, Xohlesville. 
 B. S. Fuller, I'.nouville. 
 
 William K. .Mlison, l)uliui|ue. 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 SEXATOH.s. 
 UEPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Tlieodore W. Biirdick, Decorah. 
 Rush Clark, Iowa City. 
 II. .1. B. Cumminp', Wintcrset. 
 Nathaniel C. Deering, O.^age. 
 Addison Oliver, Onawa. 
 
 Charles W. Jones, IVnsaeola. 
 K. II. .\1. liavidson, l^uincy. 
 
 Henjaijilu II. Hill, .Mlanta. 
 
 Henry R. Harris, (trecnville. 
 Julian llartridge," .'^avannah. 
 William K. .Smith, Alhany. 
 .\lex. H. Stevens, Crawfordville. 
 
 Richard J. Ogleshy, Decatur. 
 
 Thomas J. Henderson, Princeton, 
 lioliert .M. Knapp, Jerseyville. 
 William Lathroj), Rockford. 
 i;. F. .Marsh, Warsaw. 
 William R. Morrison, Waterloo. 
 \V. A. J. Sparks, Carlyle. 
 William M. Springer. .Springfield. 
 Thomas F. Tipton, Blooniington. 
 R. W. Townshend, Shawneetown. 
 
 Daniel W. Vodrhees, '■ Terre Haute. 
 
 .\. H. Hamilton, Fort Wayne, 
 .lohu Ilanna, Indianapolis. 
 M. C. Hunter, Bloomington. 
 M. S. Rfihinson, .\niIerson. 
 Leonidas Sextcm, Rushville. 
 M. D. White, Crawlordsville. 
 
 .Sunuel J. Kirkwood. Iiiwa Citv. 
 
 Hiram Price, Davenport. 
 K. S. Sampson, .'^igournev. 
 William F. Sapp. (ouncil Bluffs. 
 .1. ( '. .<tiiiii', I'.urlinL'Inri, 
 
 "IHi'il .I«miiir}-8. l.'<:'.i. 
 
 '■Dli-cl Xovi-iiilHT 1. 1S77. 
 
 •' Apiioliitctl in the pliu'c of <). I". Murton. dcceuscil; t«M)k hi».M*jit \.i 
 
FORTY-FIFTH CONGBESS. 
 
 253 
 
 John James Ingalls, Atchison. 
 
 Dudley C. Haskell, Lawrence. 
 William A. Phillips, Salina. 
 
 James B. Beck, Lexington. 
 
 J. C. S. Blackburn, Versailles. 
 Andrew K. Boone, Mayfield. 
 John W. Caldwell, Russellville. 
 John G. Carlisle, Covington. 
 John B. Clarke, Brookville. 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESEXT.VTIVES. 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 J. B. Eustis, New Orleans. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENT,\TIVES. 
 
 J. Haves Acklen, Pattersonville. 
 J. B. Elam, Mansfield. 
 E. John Ellis, New Orleans. 
 Eandall L. Gibson, New Orleans. 
 
 James G. Blaine, Augusta. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 ■\Villiam P. Frye, Lewiston. 
 
 Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. 
 
 Stephen D. Lindsey, Norridgewock. 
 
 Cieorge R. Dennis, Kingston. 
 
 Eli Jones Henkle, Brooklyn. 
 Daniel M. Henry, Cambridge. 
 William Kinimell, Baltimore. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 KEPHESENTATIVES. 
 
 Preston B. Plumb, Emporia. 
 Thomas Ryan, Topeka. 
 
 Thomas C. JlcCreery, Owensboro. 
 
 Milton J. Durham, Danville. 
 J. Proctor Knott, Lebanon. 
 James A. McKensie, Longview. 
 Thomas Turner, ]\Iount Sterling. 
 Albert S. Willis, Louisville. 
 
 William Pitt Kellogg, New Orleans. 
 
 John E. Leonard," Monon. 
 
 Edw. W. Robertson, Baton Rouge. 
 
 Chester B. Darrall, Brashear. 
 
 Hannibal Ilainlin, Bangor. 
 
 Llewellvn Powers, Houlton. 
 Thomas" B. Keed, Portland. 
 
 W. Pinkney Whyte, Baltimore. 
 
 Charles B. Roberts, Westminister 
 Thomas Swann, Baltimore. 
 William Walsh, Cumberland. 
 
 JIA,SSACHUSETTS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Henry L. Dawes, Pittsfield. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Nathaniel P. Banks, Waltham. 
 Benjamin F. Butler, Lowell. 
 William Claflin, Newton. 
 William ^\'. Crapo, New Bedford. 
 Benjamin Dean, Boston. 
 Walbridge A. Field,'' Boston. 
 
 MICHIGAN. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Isaac P. Christiancv, Lansing 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Mark S. Brewer, Pontiac. 
 Omar 1>. Conger, Port Huron. 
 Charles C. Ellsworth, Greenville, 
 .hiy A. Hubbell, Houghton, 
 li. W. Keightley, Constantine. 
 
 George F. Hoar, W(.ircester. 
 
 B. W. Harris, East Bridgewater. 
 Cieorge B. Loring, Salem. 
 Leopold Morse, Boston. 
 Amasa Norcross, Fitchburg. 
 William W. Rice, Worcester, 
 (leoi'ge D. Robinson, Chicopee. 
 
 Thomas W. Ferry, (irand Haven. 
 
 J. H. IMcGowan, Cold water. 
 John AV. Stone, (irand Ra\)i(ls. 
 A. S. AVilliams, '■ Detroit. 
 Edwin Willits, Monroe. 
 
 " Died JIarch 15, 1878. 
 
 /• Received the certifieiite of election; but tlie House gave the seat to B. Dean, Mareli ;^S, 1S7S. 
 
 ■■ Died December 20. IS78. 
 
254 CONGRKSSIONAI. DIRKf'TORY. 
 
 MINNESOTA. 
 
 SEXATOHS. 
 
 Saimifl .1. K. MrMillan, St. Paul. Williain WirnlnTii, Winona. 
 
 RErRESENTATlVES. 
 
 Mark II. Diiiiiu'll, (Iwatonna. lloraoc B. Strait, Shakoi>ee. 
 
 ,Iacol) II. Stewart, St. Paul. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Klanclie K. P.nicc, Flureyville. Lucius Q. C. I^inar, Oxfortl. 
 
 HEPKESEXTAT1VE8. 
 
 J. R. rhalmer.«. Friarpniut. Hernamlo P. Mnnev, Winona. 
 
 Charles K. Hooker. ,Iaik,-on. H. L. Mul.lrow, Starkville. 
 
 Van II. .Manniii};, Holly Sprinfrs. Otlio K. Sint;leton, Canton. 
 
 MIS.SJL'Kl. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Daviil H. Armstrong." Frani-i.s Marion Cockrell, Warrensburg. 
 
 Lewis V. Boiry,''St. Louis. 
 
 KEPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Kiehanl P. Rlaml, Lebanon. R. A. Hatcher, New Ma<lri<l. 
 
 .Vylett 11. ISuekner, Mexico. Anthony Ittiier, St. Louis, 
 
 .lohn II. Clark, jr., Fayette. Lyue S. Metcalfe. St. Louis. 
 
 Nathan Cole, St. Louis. Charles II. Mortran, Lamar. 
 
 T. T. Crittemlen. Warrensburjr. Henry M. Pollard, Chillicothe. 
 
 B. J. Franklin, Kansivs City. David Kea, Savannah. 
 John M. (.Hover, Lagrange. 
 
 XKBRASKA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Aleernon S. Paddock, Beatrice. Alvin Saunders, (^maha. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Frank Welch, ■' Norfolk. Thomas .T. Majors,'' Peru. 
 
 XEVAKA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 ,Iohn p. Jones, Gold Hill. William Sharon, Virginia City. 
 
 REPI!h>ENT.\TlVK. 
 
 Thomas Wren, Kureka. 
 XEW HAMI'SHIKK. 
 
 SENATORS, 
 
 KdwanI II. Rollins, Concord. Bainbridge Wadleigh, Jlilford. 
 
 REPRRSENTATIVES. 
 
 Henry W. Blair, Plymouth. Frank Jones, Portj^uiouth. 
 
 Jaraes F. Briggs, Manchester. 
 
 NKW JKRSKY, 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John K. .McPhei-son, Jersey City. Theo<Iore K. Randolph, Morristown. 
 
 KEPBEME.VTATIVES. 
 
 Alvah A. Clark, Somerville. J. Llowanl Pugh. Burlington. 
 
 Augustus W. Culler, Morristown, Miles Ho.ss, New Brunswick. 
 
 A. A. I lardenbergh, Jersey City. C. H. Sinnickson, Salem. 
 Thomas P. I'eddie, Newark. 
 
 n A|i|K)lmf<l iinil liHik his 8vat October 15, IW". 
 i> Hied .«i-|ilcmlKT 'JO, XhT!. 
 
 <• Kli'fl Sfp«i'inlMT I. 187S. 
 
 •I ElectiMl to till vnenncy cniiscil liy dcnth of Fnink Wclili; to.>k his scat Dewmbsr 2, 187». 
 
FOKTY -FIFTH CONGRESS. 
 
 255 
 
 Roscoe Conkling, Utioa. 
 
 William J. Bacon, Utica. 
 George A. Bagley, Watertown. 
 William H. Baker, C'onstantia. 
 George M. Beebe, ^lontieello. 
 Charles B. Benediet, Attica. 
 Archibald M. Bliss, Brooklyn. 
 Solomon Bundy, Oxford. 
 John H. Camp, Lyons. 
 S. B. Chittenden, Brooklyn. 
 James W. Covert, Flnshing. 
 S. S. Cox, New York. 
 Jeremiah W. Dwight, Dryden. 
 Anthony Eickhoff, New York. 
 E. Kirke Hart, Rochester. 
 Abram S. Hewitt, Xew York. 
 Frank Hiscoek, Syracnse. 
 J. X. Hungerford, Corning. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 KEPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Francis Kernan, Utica. 
 
 A. B. James, Ogdensburg. 
 J. H. Ketcham, Dover Plains. 
 E. G. Lapham, Canandaigua. 
 D. N. Lockwood, Buffalo. 
 S. L. Mayham, Schoharie. 
 Anson G. McCook, New York. 
 Nicholas Muller, New York. 
 G. W. Patterson, Westerfield. 
 C. N. Potter, New Rochelle. 
 T. J. Quinn," Albany. 
 J. H. Starin, Fiiltonville. 
 Martin I. Town.send, Troy. 
 William D. Veeder, Brooklyn. 
 Andrew Williams, Plattsbiirg. 
 Benjamin A. Willis, New York. 
 Fernando Wood, New York. 
 Jno. M. Bailev, '' Albany. 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 Augustus S. Merrimon, Raleigh. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 RErRESEN'TATIVES. 
 
 C. H. Brogden, Goldsboro. 
 Joseph J. Davis, Louisburg. 
 William M. Robbins, Statesville. 
 A. il. Scales, Greensboro. 
 
 Stanley ilatthews, <' Cincinnati. 
 John Sherman,'' Mansfield. 
 
 Henrv B. Banning, Cincinnati. 
 Jacob D. Cox, Toledo. 
 L. Danford, St. Clairsville. 
 Henry L. Dickey, (Treentield. 
 Thomas Ewing, Lancaster. 
 E. B. Finley, Bucyrus. 
 Charles Foster, Fostoria. 
 Mills Gardner, Washington. 
 James A. Garfield, Hiram. 
 John S. Jones, Delaware. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Matt. W. Ransom, Weldon. 
 
 W. L. Steele, Rockingham. 
 R. B. Vance, Asheville. 
 A. M. Waddell, Wilmington. 
 J. J. Yeates, JIurfreesboro. 
 
 Allen G. Thurman, Columbus. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 J. Warren Keifer. Springfield. 
 W. McKinley, jr.. Canton. 
 J. A. McMahon, Dayton. 
 James JMonroe, Oberlin. 
 Henry S. Neal, I ronton. 
 A. V. Rice, Ottawa. 
 Milton Sayler, Cincinnati. 
 M. I. Southard, Zanesville. 
 Amos Townsend, Cleveland. 
 N. H. Van Vorhes, Athens. 
 
 La Fayette Grover, Salem. 
 
 OREGON. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 John H. Mitchell, Portland. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Richard Williams, Portland. 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 SEN.^TORS. 
 
 J. Don. Cameron, f HarrisViurg. 
 Simon Cameron, .'" Harrisbnrg. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Thomas M. Bayne, Pittsburg. 
 S. A. Bridges, Allentown. 
 Jacob M. Campbell, Johnstown. 
 Hiester Clymer, Reading. 
 F. D. Collins, Scranton. 
 Russell Errett, Pittsburg. 
 I. Newton Evans, Ilatboro. 
 Chapman Freeman, Philadelphia. 
 
 William A. Wallace, Clearfield. 
 
 A. C. Harmer, Philadelphia. 
 William D. Kelley, Philadelphia. 
 J. \V. Killinger, Philadeiiihia. 
 L. A. !Mackey, Lock haven. 
 Levi Maish, York. 
 John I. Mitchell, Well.shoro. 
 Charles O'Neill, Philadelphia. 
 Edward Overton, Towanda. 
 
 "Died at .ilbany, N. Y., June 18, 1S7S. 
 
 I" Elected in place of T. J. Qiiinn. deceased; took his seat December 2, 1878. 
 
 f Elected Senator in place of John Sherman, resigned. 
 
 ('Resigned March 8, 1877, on having been appointed Secretary of the Treasury. 
 
 t" Elected Senator in place of Simon Cameron, resigned. 
 
 f Resigned March 3, 1S77. 
 
2r)C) 
 
 ("ONtiKKSSIUNAI. DlKKtTOKY. 
 
 S. .1. liaii.liill. Philail.'Ipliia. 
 .1. 1!. K.illv. I'..||s\ill,-. 
 \V. S. SlmlUulHM-v'i'r. Knrlu'stiT. 
 A. lli'ir Smith, I.iiiicn-lfr. 
 \V. S. SiL'iijror, t'liiiMilici>t)Hiv. 
 .1. M. Tlumipsoii, Itutlcr. 
 
 .In<-<il> TiiriH'V. (irt'cnslniiv. 
 Williiuii Waiil, Clicstfr. 
 Ia'hIs V. Wutsiiii, \V;irn'ii. 
 IIiii'i'v White, liiiliaiiii. 
 11. I!' Wiijlil \Vill..-l,..,rrc. 
 
 I;1101>K ISLAND. 
 ^K^ vrnii>. 
 llcmv H. .Viithiinv, I'luviili'iue, .\iiil>ri>sc K. ItiirDxiilc, riiivuK'Ufe. 
 
 I^itinicr \V. I'.allmi, WimiummUi'I. Hfiijiiinin T. l'".iiiiu's, I'rDvitliMioe. 
 
 sorrii ( vian.iNA. 
 
 SKN.VTUKS. 
 
 M. V. lUitliT, K.lgi'liel.l. 
 
 I>. \\y;itl .\il<i'n, C'okoslmry. 
 l\iiliaii| 11. ("iiiii," Chiirloftiin. 
 .1. 11. Kvin>^, Si>!irlimtiiii>r. 
 
 .liiiiK'!! K. Itiiili'V, I'larkcvilU'. 
 
 .1. n. I'. Atkins, I'aris. 
 .lolin M. Uiiv'ht, I'livotlovillf. 
 \V. r. (iil.lwcll, (ianliuT. 
 tlcoriio (i. I'iliivll, Sparta, 
 .lulin K. lloii^i'. iMaiksvilU'. 
 
 u^:l•Kl■>l■:^T.^Tlv^>i. 
 TKXNl^SSKK. 
 
 »KN.\T»KS. 
 KKI'RHSKXT.VTIVKS. 
 
 Ki.har.l Coki'. Waci 
 
 1'. 1>. ('uUhtsoii, ,lcffl'l>OU. 
 1>. (.'. tiiililliip'. Itrfiihatn. 
 Ui>j»er (}. Mills, IVifjiicaiia. 
 
 TKXAS. 
 
 SKX VTOUS. 
 HKI'RKSKXT.\T1VKS. 
 
 .1. ,1. rattorsim, (.'uluiiihia. 
 
 .Ii>.«o|)h II. Kaiiu'V, ticDifjt'towii. 
 K(>l)ort SiniiUs, liwuiforl. 
 
 l,>ihaiiiti. llarri.-^. Nashville. 
 
 •latnes II. Ramlolph, Ne\v|«irt. 
 H. Y. Ui.ldle. l,el.ati..n. 
 J. M. ThornUuiyli, Kiinxville. 
 \V. C. Whitthonie, I'oliunliiii. 
 Casey YiHiiis;, Meiupliis. 
 
 Saimiel I?ell Maxey, I'aris. 
 
 .lohii II. Heair.m. Palestine. 
 
 (i. Sihleiolier, '• Cuero. 
 
 ,1. W. Thioekinoitim, Mi-Kiiiney. 
 
 VKKMONT. 
 
 ,SKX.VTOK». 
 
 (ieonw !•"■ I'Minmuls, HiirUnj.'l*m. ' .lustiii S. Morrill, Stniffunl. 
 
 ItKI'UKSKXT.M'IViai. 
 
 Charles II. .lovie. KutUliul. 
 
 1>. C. IViii.-iiiii. KiiyaltKii. 
 Ci. \V. Ileiiilee, Morrisvill 
 
 .Itiliii \V. .Iiihiistnii, .\l>iiiv'<l<>n 
 
 (ieiiiveC. CalK'll, I>at>ville. 
 Heverly H. I'lmjrliis, '' .Vvletts. 
 .Inhii (Siioile, jr., Norfolk. 
 .1. T. Harris, llarHsoiiliun:. 
 Kpi>a llunlon, Warrentoii. 
 
 •■S<'»t cmtcliMl liv M. r. OTdiiiior. 
 '■ IMisl Jiiiiiinry 111. 1»7«. 
 
 VlHlilNlA. 
 
 SKX.VroHS. 
 liKI'KKSEXT.VTlVKS. 
 
 KoU«rt K. Withers, Wvtiieville. 
 
 .losepli .lorx<'Hs<'n, Petei-slnirn. 
 .\. I.. rri>leiiioi-»', ,Ioiies\ille. 
 ,1. liaiKlolph Tui'ker, Lexington. 
 (iillH'rt C. Walker, UichinoiKl. 
 U. L. T. Bt«aUs'' llaRue, 
 
 w Kl>'<li'<l til |>1hii' of Bi'Vi-rly H. 1>«uk1»». iIimvumiI. 
 
Ft)KrV-FlKTH CONGRESS. 
 WEST VIRGINIA. 
 
 )i'Oi 
 
 Ilenrv G. Davis, I'ifcliiinnt. 
 
 John E. Kenna, Kanawha. 
 B. F. Martin, I'runtvtown. 
 
 An^us Oauioron, La Crosse. 
 
 Ciabriol Bouck, Oshkosh. 
 IC. S. Hraiiir. Foiul chi I.ai'. 
 L. B. Caswrll, Fort Atkinson. 
 G. C. Hazohon, Boscubel. 
 
 SES.\TOR.S. 
 
 KKl'KESEXT.VTIVES. 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 SENWTOKS. 
 HEPRE,SEN"T.VTIVES. 
 
 Frank TToreforil, Tnion. 
 B. Wilson, Wilsonlmrg. 
 
 Tiniothv G. Howo, Gret'n Bav. 
 
 II. I>. Hninphrev, Hudson. 
 W. P. Lyndo, Mihvankoc. 
 T. C. Pound, Chippewa Falls. 
 C. G. Williams, Jauesville. 
 
 ARIZONA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEG.VTE. 
 
 Hiram S. Stevens, Tucson. 
 liAK()T.\ TERRITORY. 
 
 I)EI.EG.\TK. 
 
 Jefferson P. Kidder, Verniilion. 
 IDAHO TKRKITOKY. 
 
 DELECITI:. 
 
 S. S, Fenn, i\Iount lilaho. 
 MONTANA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEG.\TE. 
 
 Martin Maginnis, Helena. 
 TERRITORY OF NEW 3IEXIC0. 
 
 OELEG.VTE. 
 
 Trinidad Romero, Santa Fe. 
 VTA 1 1 TKRKITORY. 
 1)Eli-:g.\te. 
 Georsie (J. Cannon, Salt Lake City. 
 
 WASHINtiTON TKRKITORY. 
 
 DELEG.ITE. 
 
 Orange Jacobs, Seattle. 
 WYOMING TERRITORY. 
 
 IIKI.EGATE. 
 
 W. W. Corlett, Cheyenne. 
 
 H. Doc. 458- 
 
FORTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 
 
 First geMion,from March IS, 1879, to Juhj 1. 1S79. Sicond »en«ioii,fri>m December 1, 1879, to June 16, 1880. 
 Third semon, from Decimhif U, 1880, lu March :l, 1881. 
 
 Vice-President. — Wii.i.ia.m A. AVreeler, of Xew York. Prenident of the Senate pro tempore. — Allen 
 (i. Thukm.w, iif Ohio, electeil April l.i, 1879. f><xrelani of the Senate.— Jobs C. Bi-rch, of Teiine.s'r<'e. 
 
 Speaker of the lloune. — S.i.MUEL J. Ra.vdall, of Pennsylvania. Clerk of the Iloiue. — Ueokoe M. 
 .\da.ms, of Kentucky. 
 
 ALABAJIA. 
 
 SENATOR)*. 
 
 John T. Morgan, Selma. James L. Pugh," Eufaula. 
 
 REPRESENTATI V Es. 
 
 Thomas II. Ilermlon, Mobile. Hilary .\. llprbert, .Montgomery. 
 
 Williaiii .1. Sanifonl, Opelika. Cliarlc.'S M. Shelley, Sehiia. 
 
 Thciiuas Williams, \Vetuin|ika. Newton N. t'lement.s,'' Tuscaloosa. 
 
 William H. Forney, Jacksonville. William M. Lowe, Huntsville. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Augustus H. Garland, Little Rock. James D. Walker, Fayetteville. 
 
 HEPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 Poinilexter Dunn, Forest City. William F. Siemens, Monticello. 
 
 Jordan K. Cravens, Clarksville. Thomas M. Uuntcr, Fayetteville. 
 
 CALIFORNIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Newton Booth, .San Francisco. James T. Farley, Jackson. 
 
 REJ>RE.SENTATIVES. 
 
 Horace Davis, San Francisco. Horace F. Page, I'laccrville. 
 
 Campbell P. Berry, Wheatland. Romualdo Pacheco, Siin Luis Obispo. 
 
 COLORADO. 
 
 SKX.\TOK.S. 
 
 Henry M. Teller, "• Central City. Nathaniel P. Hill, Denver. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Jame-s B. Belfonl, Central City. 
 CONNECTKIT. 
 
 SEXATOR.S. 
 
 William W. Eaton, Ilartfnr.l. Urville 11. Piatt, Mcid.n. 
 
 KEPRESESTATI V ES. 
 
 Joseph K. Hawley, Hartford. James Phelps, E.'isex. 
 
 John Turner Wail, Norwich. Frederick Miles. Chapinville. 
 
 a Took hill st-at t)eovinbc'r 6, iwio, to flU out the unexpired term of B. B. Levils, resigned October 1, 1880. 
 It Took Ills sent IiiicnilKT P, 1880. 
 ■• Resitfued April 17, 18K2. 
 
 25.S 
 
FOKTY-SIXTH CONGEESS. 
 
 259 
 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Thomas Francis Bayard, Wilmington. Eli Saulsbury, Dover. 
 
 KEPKESENT.\TIVE. 
 
 Edward Livingstone Martin, Seaford. 
 FLORIDA. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 Charles W. Jones, Pensacola. Wilkinson Call, .Jacksonville. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 H. Bisbee," Jacksonville. Noble A. Hull,'' Sanford. 
 
 R. H. M. Davidson, Quincy. 
 
 (IEORCtIA. 
 
 Benjamin Harvey Hill,-' Atlanta. 
 
 John C. Nicholls, Blackshear. 
 Philip Cook, Americus. 
 N. J. Hammond, Atlanta. 
 William H. Felton, Cartersville. 
 Emory Speer, Athens. 
 
 Joseph E. Brown,'' Atlanta. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 AV'illiam E. Smith, Albany. 
 
 Henry Persons, (ieneva. 
 
 James H. Blount, Macon. 
 
 Alex. Hamilton Stephens, Crawfordsville. 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 David Davis, Bloomington. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 AVilliam Aldrich, Chicago. 
 
 Hiram Barber, jr., Chicago. 
 
 Robt. M. A. Hawk, Mount Carroll. 
 
 Philip C. Hayes, Morris. 
 
 Thomas A. Boyd, Lewiston. 
 
 James W. Singleton, Quincy. 
 
 Adlai E. Stevenson, Bloomington. 
 
 Albert P. Forsythe, Isabel. 
 
 William K. Murri.<on, Waterloo. 
 
 Richard W. Townshend, Shawneetown. 
 
 John A. Logan, Chicago. 
 
 George R. Davis, Chicago. 
 John C. Sherwin, Aurora. 
 Thomas J. Henderson, Princeton. 
 Greenbury L. Fort, Lacon. 
 Benj. F. Slarsh, Warsaw. 
 William M. Springer, Quincy. 
 Jo.seph G. Cannon, Danville." 
 William A. J. Sparks, Carlvle. 
 John R. Thomas, iletropol'is. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 Joseph E. McDonald, Jndianapolis. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William Heilman, Evansville. 
 Geo. Augustus P.icknell, New Albany. 
 Thomas M. Browne, Winchester. 
 Ciilbert De La JIatyr, Indianapolis. 
 Godlove S. Orth, Lafayette. 
 Calvin Cowgill, Wabash. 
 John H. Baker, Goshen. 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 Daniel W. \'oorhees, Terre Haute. 
 
 Thomas R. Cobb, Vincennes. 
 Jeptha D. New, Vernon. 
 William R. Myers, Ander.son. 
 Abraham J. Hosteller, Bedford. 
 William H. Calkins, Laporte. 
 Walpole G. Colerick, Fort Wayne. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 AVilliam B. Allison, Dubuque. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Moses A. McCoid, Fairfield. 
 Thomas Updegraff, Mc<tregor. 
 William G. Thompson, Marion. 
 Edw. Hooker Gillette, Des Jloines. 
 Cyrus Clay Carpenter, Fort Dodg6. 
 
 Samuel J. Kirkwood, '' Iowa City. 
 
 Hiram Price, Davenport. 
 Nathaniel C. Deering, Osage. 
 James B. AWaver, Bloomtield. 
 William Fletcher Sapp, Council Bluffs. 
 
 a Took his seat January 22, 1881. 
 
 <> rns(.Mited Jiinuarv 22i ISSl, bv H, Bisbee. 
 
 !• Died August IG, I'SSl. 
 
 <> Took his seat December 6, 18S0. 
 <! Resigned Mareh 1, 18S1, 
 
'2«U 
 
 C'UNUKEriSlUNAL UIKECTOKV. 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 SKSATOas. 
 
 .Iiilin James Injialls, Ali-liisun. 
 
 UKI-UKSENTATIVES. 
 
 .lolin A. Anderson, Manliattiiii. 
 Tlioina." Hyaii, fl"i)|>i'ka. 
 
 KKNTICKV. 
 
 SENATOHS. 
 
 James J. Hei-k, I-exingtcm. 
 
 REI'HESENTATl V K-S. 
 
 tlM'ar Turner, Wondlanils. 
 
 Ji.hii William Cal.lw.'ll, Uiissellville. 
 
 Albert S. Willis, l.onisville. 
 
 Jus. O. S. Ulackhurn. Versailles. 
 
 Thomas Turner, Mount Sterlinj;. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SENATOR.?, 
 
 William I'itt Kelloi;^, New Orleans. 
 
 REl-RE-SESTATIVES. 
 
 Ii:in(lall Lee Gibson, New Orleans. 
 Jos. Haves Aeklen, Franklin. 
 J. Floyd Kin^, Vidalia. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 SENATORS.' 
 
 Ilaniiilial Hamlin. Uan<»or. 
 
 KKl'UESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Thomas 1!. Kee<l, Portlaml. 
 Stejihen D. lanil.sey, Norriilgewoek. 
 Thompson 11. Mureli, Rockland. 
 
 I'reston B. Plumb, E:riporia. 
 Dudley C. Haskell, Lawrenee. 
 
 John S. Williams, .Mnunl Sterling. 
 
 James A. MeKenzie, Long View. 
 
 J. Proctor Knott, Lebanon. 
 
 John I!. Carlisle, Covington. 
 
 Philip B. Thompson, jr., Ilarroilsbtirg. 
 
 Elijah C. Phistor, Maysvdle. 
 
 Henj. F. Jonas, New Orleans. 
 
 K. John Ellis, New f »rleans. 
 
 Jos. H. Elani, Manstield. 
 
 I'M. White Robertson, Baton Rouge. 
 
 \V. Pinkney Whyte, Ballimnre, 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 HEIMJKSENTATIVKS. 
 
 Daniel Maynadier Henry, Candiridge. 
 William Kinimel, Baltimore. 
 Eli Jones Henkle, Brooklyn. 
 
 James (i. Blaine." Augusta. 
 
 William P. Frye, Lewi^ton. 
 (ienrueW. Ladil. Bantror. 
 
 James B. (iroome, Elkton. 
 
 .1. F. C. Talbott, Towsontown. 
 Bobert H. JbLane, Baltimore. 
 .Milton (i. I'rner, Freileriek. 
 
 Hi'nrv L. Dawe.s, Pitl.slielil. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William Wallare Crapo, New Bedford. 
 Walbridge Abiier Field, Bo.ston. 
 Selwvii Zadock Bowman, Sumerville. 
 William .\. Bus.sell, l-awrrmc 
 William W. Uice, Worie.ster. 
 (ieorge 1). Robinson, Chicopee. 
 
 MlCHKiAN. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Thomas W. Ferry, (iranil Haven, 
 /aehariali Chandler.'' 
 
 REI"UI-SENTATIVl->i. 
 
 John S. Newberry, Detroit. 
 Jonas H. Mctlowan, Coldwater. 
 .lohn W. Stone, (irand lt4ipids. 
 Omar D. Conger, Port Huron. 
 Jav A. Hubbell, Houghton. 
 
 IJeorge F. Hoar, Worcester. 
 
 Benj. AV. Harris. Ea.«l Briilgewater. 
 Leopold Morse, Boston, 
 tieo. Bailev l.oring, Salem. 
 William ctallin. .Vewlon. 
 .\masa Norcruss, Fitcliburg. 
 
 Henrv P. Baldwin.' Detroit. 
 
 Edwin Willits, Monroe. 
 Julius C. Burrows. Kalamazoo. 
 Mark S. Bivwer, Pontiae. 
 Roswell (i. Horr, ICast Saginaw. 
 
 ■ i K.'slKneil Miircl) 1. l.HSl. 
 
 (' Ulol Novombcr, l.fi9. ..,,,„ 
 
 ••Apiwlntcd In NovenilMT. ls;>.t, to nil vnrnncy rimswl by dcotli ot ^cliuriiili t Imiiillrr. 
 
FORTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 2G1 
 
 MINNESOTA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 William WiiicUmi, Winona. Sanil. J. K. JItOIilUui, St. I'anl. 
 
 HErUESENTATI \' ES. 
 
 i\lark II. Dnnnell, Owatonna. Henry Poehlor, UfniliTson. 
 
 William Drew Washburn, Minneapolis. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Blanche K. Mrnee, Floreyville. I.. Q. 0. Lamar, Oxford. 
 
 liEl>RESENTATIVE.S. 
 
 Henry L. JIuldrow, Starkville. Van H. Manning, Holly Springs. 
 
 Hernando De Soto Money, Wiimna. Othro R. Singleton, Canton. 
 
 Charles E. Hooker, Jackson. James Ronald Chalmers, Vicksburg. 
 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Francis ilarion Cockrell, WarriMisburg. George Craham Vest. Kansas City. 
 
 REfRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Martin Linn Clardy, Farmington. Erastus Wells, St. Louis. 
 
 Richard (iraham Frost, St. Louis. Lowndes H. Davis, Jackson. 
 
 Richard Parks Bland, l>ebauon. James Richard Waddill, Spriiiglicld. 
 
 John F. Philips, Sedalia. Samuel L. Sawyer, Independence. 
 
 Nii'hdlas Ford, Rochester. Gideon F. Rothwell, Mol)erly. 
 
 John B. Clark, jr., Fayette. William Henry Hatch, Hannibal. 
 Aylett Hawes Buckncr, Mexii'o. 
 
 NEBRASKA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Algernon S. Paddock, Beatrice. Alviu Saun<lers, Omaha. 
 
 REl'KESENTATIVE. ^ 
 
 Edward K. Valentine, West Point. 
 NEVADA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John P. Jones, Gold Hill. AVilliam Sharon, Virginia City. 
 
 KEI'KESEXTATIVE. 
 
 Rolliii y\. Daggett, Virginia City. 
 NEW HA.MPSHIRE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Edward II. Rollins, (^mcord. Henry W. Blair, Plymonth. 
 
 REI'RESEXT.VTIVES. 
 
 Joshua G. Hall. Dover. James F. liriggs, Manchester. 
 
 Evarts W. Farr," Littleton. Ossian Ray.'' 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 Theodore F. Randolph, .Morristown. John Roderick McPherson, York. 
 
 H EPRESKN'r A'ri V ES. 
 
 George M. Robeson, Camiien. Hezekiah B. Smith, Smithville. 
 
 Miles Ross, New Brunswick. Alvah A. Clark, Somerville. 
 
 Charles H. Voorhis, Hackensack. John L. Blake, Orange. 
 Lewis A. Brigham, Jersey City. 
 
 <■ Died November 80. 1S82, I'Took his scat .Tiuumry s, l.ssi. 
 
2G2 
 
 CONUKliSSlONAL DIRECTUBV. 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 Roscoc Conkling," I'ticn. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 HKI'HE.sKXT.\TlVK.s. 
 
 Jamop W. Covort. Flnshiii);. 
 t^iim'on U. C'lutti'tiilfii. linioklyn. 
 Kicluila.-i MiilUr. New Ymk. 
 Kihvin I'.in.^tfiii, Xt'w York. 
 FiTiuiiiiIci WikmI,'' New Ynrk. 
 Levi 1'. Morton, Niw York, 
 .loliii II. Kolcliain, Dover I'lains. 
 William Lounshcrrv, Kin>.'>toii. 
 AValter A. Wood, lloot-ii-k Kall^. 
 Ama/iali 15. .laiiu-s, 0>aleusburg. 
 David WillxT, Milloril. 
 Cyrus |). rrcscott. Homo. 
 Frank Hiscock, Syracuse. 
 EUiridiro ( i. Lapham. CanandaiLTua. 
 D. !'. Kiclianlsou. Aii^'diia. 
 Riiluud Crowley, lAukiiort. 
 Henry Yan Aurnain, Fraiiklinville. 
 
 Francis Kernan. T'tica. 
 
 ]>aniol O'Reilly, Rronklvn. 
 Anhiliald JI. lilis.s. Brooklyn, 
 i^amuel S. Cox, New York. 
 Anson <;. McCook, New York. 
 .Tauies ()'Hrien. New York. 
 Waldo Hutihins, Kiiip^liridge. 
 .lolui W. I'enion, riermont. 
 .loliM M. ]{ailey. Allmiiy. 
 .lolm Hammond. Crown Point, 
 .lohii II. Starin. iMiltonville. 
 Warner Miller. Herkimer, 
 .lose])!! H. Ma.-^(in, Hamilton, 
 .lolin 1!. Cam|), Lyons. 
 ,lcremiali W. Ihvi^lit, l>ryden. 
 .lolm \an Voorliis. Hoclie.ster. 
 .lonathan Scoville. •' Salisbury. 
 Hav \". Herce,'' Buffalo. 
 
 N(.»KTH CAROLINA. 
 
 Matt. W. Kans 
 
 Weldon. 
 
 liEPKESENTATlVE.s. 
 
 .Tosepli .Tolin Martin,'' Williamston 
 i)aniel Lindsav Knssell, AVilniinj;ti.i 
 
 ton. 
 
 Alfred .M<iore Scales, (ireenshoro. 
 Robert Franklin Annlield, Statesvil 
 Jessee J. Yeates. .'' 
 
 Zebulon K. Yance, Charlotte. 
 
 Williain H. Kitohin, Scotland Neck. 
 .losepli .T. Davis. Louisbur^:. 
 Walter Leak Steele. Roekiii}.diam. 
 Rotiert Braiik Yance. Aslieville. - 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 Allen (i. Tliurman, Cohindms. 
 
 ItErRESESTATIVES. 
 
 Benj. Ruttcrworth, Cincinnati. 
 Jolm .\. McMahon. Dayton. 
 Benj. Li'l'evre. Sidney. 
 Frank II. llunl, Toledo. 
 George L. Converst, Columbus. 
 Henry L. Dickey, Cireentield. 
 A. J. Warner. Marietta, 
 (ieorge W. ( ieddes, Mansfield, 
 .lames Monroe, Oberlin. 
 Kzra B. Tavlor,;' AVarien. 
 
 Cieorge H. Pendleton, Cincinnati. 
 
 Thomas L. Young, Cincinnati. 
 
 ,Ios. AVarren Keifer. Springfield. 
 
 W. D. Hill, Defiance. 
 
 Kbenezer B. Finley, Bucyrns. 
 
 Thomas Ewing, Ijincaster. 
 
 Henry ,s. Neal, Ironton. 
 
 (Jibson Atherton, NV'wark. 
 
 William McKinK'V, jr.. Canton. 
 
 .lonathan T. Cixlegraff. M(Minl Plea.sant. 
 
 Aiuos Towiisend, Cleveland. 
 
 OREGON. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 I^afayette Grover, Salem. .lames H. Slater, Lagi-ande. 
 
 KEI-HESEXTATIVK. 
 
 ,lohn Whiteaker, Pleasanthill. 
 
 <" Kiwiitm'tl Mav Hi. l^^l. 
 '■ Hied Kibrimrv U. Iwl. 
 <-T(K)k lii» sfiil Dei-eiuber 6. 1S>I0.' 
 
 '' Kl'StpiK'«l. 
 
 <•.*<■«! Miiiissdilly rnnlc«tci1 l«y J. ,1. Yenlcs. 
 
 /Took Ills Mill .Iiimmry ■.••.". Issl. 
 
 i/Elitli-il In pliicc ot.lamf» A. Onrti'M ■m,) i...ic i,i..,ai \>, 
 
 ,inl..r l:! l^Ni. 
 
FORTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 
 
 2G3 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 SEXATdRS. 
 
 William A. Walliicc, Clcnrfiold. 
 
 HKPIiESE.NTATrvKS 
 
 Heni'v H. Bingham, Philadelphia. 
 Sanm'cl .1. Uamlall. Philadelphia. 
 Alfred ('. Haniier, (ieniiaiitnw n. 
 William Gudsliallc, New liritain. 
 A. llerr Smith, Laneaster. 
 Robert Klotz, Maiiehehuiik. 
 John W. Ryoii, I'dttsville. 
 Kdward Overtmi, jr., Towanda. 
 Alexander H. Coffroth, Somerset. 
 Frank K. Beltzhoover, Carlisle. 
 Morgan K. Wi.se, Wayni'slwrir. 
 Thomas INI. Bayne, Allegheny. 
 Harry White, Indiana. 
 J. H. Osmer, Franklin. 
 
 .Tanies Ponald Cameron. TIarrisbnrg. 
 
 Charles O'Neill, Philadelphia. 
 WilHam D. Kellev, Philadelphia. 
 Wilham Ward. Chester, 
 lliester Clymer, Heading. 
 Reul)en K. Baidiman. Dnrhani. 
 llemlrick B. Wright, Wilkesbarre. 
 John W. Killinger, Lebanon. 
 Jolni I. :\Iiteheil, Wellslioro. 
 Hoi-atio G. Fisher, Ilnntingdon. 
 Seth H. Yokuni, Bellefonto. 
 Russell Errett, Pittslmrg. 
 W. S. Shallenberger, Rochester. 
 Samuel B. Biek, Meadville. 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 SKX.\T(1RS. 
 
 Henry B. Anthony, Providenee. Amlirose E. B\irnside. Providence. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 Nelson W. Aldrieh. Providence. Latimer W. Ballon. AVoonsoeket. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 U. C. Butler, Edgefield. 
 
 John S. Richardson, Sumter. 
 D. Wyatt Aiken, Cokesl)ury. 
 George P. Tillman, Edgefield. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Wade Hampton, Charleston. 
 
 M. P. O'Connor, Charleston. 
 John H. Evins, Spartanl)urg. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 James E. Bailev, Clarksville. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Robert L. Taylor, Jonesboro. 
 George G. Dilirell, Sparta. 
 John Morgan Bright, Fayetteville. 
 Washington C. Wliitthorne, Columbia. 
 Charles Brvson Simonton, Covington. 
 
 Isham G. Harris, Memjihis. 
 
 Leonidas C. Honk, Knoxville. 
 Benton McMillin. Carthage. 
 John F. House, Clarksville. 
 John I). C. Atkins, Paris. 
 Casey Young, Jlemphis. 
 
 Samuel Bell JIaxev, Paris. 
 
 John H. Reagan, Palestine. 
 Olin Wellborn, Dallas. 
 George W. Jones, Bastrop. 
 
 TEXAS. 
 
 SEXATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 liirhard Coke, Waco. 
 
 David C. 'CuUierson, Jeffor.son. 
 Roger (I. Mills, Corsieana. 
 C. Upson, San Antonio. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 George F. Edmunds, Burlington. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Charles H. Joyce, Rutland. 
 Bradley Barlow-, St. Albans. 
 
 Justin S. Morrill, Strafford. 
 
 Jame.s JI. Tvler, Brattleboro. 
 
2G4 CONliKESSIONAL DIRKCTORY. 
 
 VlK(ilNI.\. 
 
 SEXATims. 
 
 Jolin \V. .Tolinstiiii, Atiiii;;«lini. KoluTt K. Willierf, '.Vytiicvillo. 
 
 HEI'RESENTATIVES. 
 
 R. Ty. T. lloalo, Ilagno. John (iooile, jr., Norfolk. 
 
 J. E. Johnston, lyon-rwood. Jost-pli JortronMen, Peters^lnird. 
 
 Georjic ('. t'iiholl, I)HMville. John l{iin(lol|ih Tucker, Lvxington. 
 
 Jolm T. lliirris, llarrisonbur);. K|i]ia llunlun, Warruuton. 
 James li. Kichnioml, Kstilh ilh-. 
 
 Wlv^T VlKiilNIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 Henry (i. Davis, rieihiiont. Frank Ilfrelonl, t'nion. 
 
 liKl'KE.sEXTATIVI->i. 
 
 Benjamin AVilson, Wilsonbiirn. Benj. F. Martin, I'nmtytown. 
 
 John K, Kfinia, Kanawha. 
 
 W ISCOXSIN. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 An);n.« Cameron, T^a Oro.sse. Alattliew II. Carpenter." Milwaukee. 
 
 REPRESKNTATIVE.S. 
 
 Charles G. Williams, Janesville. l.ncion 1$. Caswell, Fort .\tkinson. 
 
 George C. Ha/.elton, Boscobel. I'eter V. Deuster, Milwaukee. 
 
 Kilwanl S. Brag};, Fond ilu Lac. (iabriel Bouck, Oshkosh. 
 
 Herman L. lliuniilnvy, Hudson. Thaddeus C. Pound, Chippewa Falls. 
 
 ARIZONA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEliATE. 
 
 John (t. Campliell, Prescott. 
 DAKOT.V TERRITORY. 
 
 llEI.EliATK. 
 
 Granville O. Bennett. Yankton. 
 
 II >A 1 1(1 ti;i;kit(iky. 
 
 . DELEGATE. 
 
 George Ainslie, Idaho City. 
 MONTANA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEOATE. 
 
 Martin Maginnis, Helena. 
 TERRITORY OF NI-:W MEXICO. 
 
 PELEliATE. 
 
 Mariano S. Otero, Peralta. 
 CTAH TERRITORY. 
 
 l>EI.E(iATE. 
 
 Georgf ii. Cannon, Salt l^ike City. 
 WASIIINOTON TERRITORY. 
 
 l>Kl.E<iATE. 
 
 Thos. II. Brents, Walla Walla. 
 WYoMINt; TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEOATE. 
 
 S. W. Downey, Lamniie City. 
 
 •> PliM February 24, 1881. 
 
FOETY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 
 
 Fird session, from December 5, ISSt, to Aiujmt S, ISSJ. Second .session, from. December 4, 1SS£, to March 
 S, ISSS. Special, session, of the Senate from October 10, ISSl, to October 3'J, ISSl. 
 
 Vice-Prexident. — Chester A. Annuii, of New Yurk. President of tlic Senate pro tempore. — David 
 Davis, of Illinois, elected Oetober 18, 1881. Secretan/ of the <S'e>to(e.— Fkancis E. Shober (acting), of 
 North Carolina. 
 
 Speaker if the House. — J. Wauukn Kkikeh, of Springfielfl, Ohio. Clerk (f tlie 7/oii.v,'. — Kuwakd 
 ]VIcPiiEH.sox, of I'ennsvlvania. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 ,Tolin T. I\Iorj;;ui, Sehna. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 James L. Pu<rh, Kiifaul:! 
 
 HErUESENTATlTES. 
 
 Thomas II. llerndon, ^fobile. 
 William C. Oates, Abbeville. 
 Thomas Williams, A\'etiiini)ka. 
 William 11. Forney, .bicksonville. 
 William Lowe," Hiintsville. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Augustus H. Garland, Little Rock. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 r. Dunn, Forest City. 
 
 Jordan K. Cravens, "Clarksville. 
 
 C.VLIFOKNIA. 
 
 Hilary A. Herbert, JIont«omery. 
 Charles M. Shelley, '> Selma. 
 G. W. Hewitt, Birmintrliam. 
 Josei)h Wheeler, « Wheeler. 
 
 J. D. Walker, Favetteville. 
 
 James K. Jones, Washington. 
 Thomas JNI. Gunter, Fayetteville. 
 
 James T. Farlev, Jackson. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William 8. Rosecrans, San Francisco. 
 C. P. Berry, Wheatland. 
 
 COLORADO. 
 
 John F. Miller, San FrancLsco. 
 
 Horace F. Page, Placerville. 
 R. Pacheco, San Luis Obispo. 
 
 N. P. Hill, Denver. 
 
 George M. Chilcott,'' Denver 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 KKCRESEXTATIVE. 
 
 11. A. W. Tabor,' Denver. 
 Henry M. Teller, / Denver. 
 
 .lames 15. Belford, Central City. 
 
 o After a contest with Wheeler, took his sent .lune S. 1882, and died August 16. 1882. 
 
 ftContestcfi by Smith with siieooss; Siiiitli died hotore vote was taken and seat declared vacant .Tulv20. 18.S2. C M Shellov 
 elected to till vaciiiu-v, and tocik liiN scat l)c<-enilHT 1, 1SS2. " 
 
 cKlcctcil tdsnrcccd l,(nvc, and took liis.scal December 4, 1882. 
 
 rf Appiiintcil l)y f;oycrnnr to liU vacancy caused hy resignation of Henry M. Teller; took his seal April 17. 1882. 
 'Took Ins scat In-liniary 2, 1883, to till the vaeaney caused by resignation of Henry M. Teller. 
 /Resigned .\pnl 17, 1882. 
 
 265 
 
LH>() 
 
 OONCiKESSIONAL DIKKCTORY. 
 
 COXXKCTICI T. 
 
 SKNATims. 
 
 Orvillc II. riiilt, AV.sl M.iiil.n. Jonepli R. Hawloy, Hartford. 
 
 HKrHE.SENT.\TlVE.s. 
 
 Jiiliii U. Hurk, Hartford. Jaiiie» Phelp.a, Kssex. 
 
 .John T. Wait, Xorwieh. 
 
 Kn-di-rick Mile.=, C'hapinville. 
 
 I>KL.\\V.\Hi:. 
 
 Thomas K. Hayaril, \Viliiiiiij.'tiiii. Kli Siiulj^lmry, Dover. 
 
 KBPRESEKTATIVK. 
 
 E. Liviiivrstoni' Martin. .S'liinrd. 
 KLOHIDA. 
 
 SKNATOH.-i. 
 
 Churli',-' \V. .Tones, rmsiirola. W. Call, .Tai'k.Honville. 
 
 HKl'UK.SKNT.VTIVK.'*. 
 K. 11. M. I i:i\ idsiiii, l^iiinry. II. Bi.shee," Jacksonville. 
 
 (JKOHtilA. 
 
 .lo.scpli IC. Itrnwn, .\tl;inla. 
 
 (k'ortio R. Rlaok, Sylvaiiia. 
 I'hilili Cook, Anierii-ns. 
 N. J. Hammond, Atlanta. 
 J. C. Clement.-, l-afayette. 
 Kmery Spcer, Athens. 
 
 l>avid Davis. l?lociinini;ton. 
 
 William Aldridi, Chicago. 
 Charles R. Karwell, Chieaso. 
 K. R. Hitt,' .Monnt Morri.s. 
 William Cnllen, Ottawa. 
 11. I". Mai-sh, Warsaw. 
 W. M. .^]irinj:er, !^prin>.'(ield. 
 J. G. Cannon, Danville. 
 W. A. .1. Sparks, Carlyle. 
 .John R. Thomas, Metropolis. 
 R. M. A. Hawk,.' Mount Carroll. 
 
 SEX.VTOHS. 
 
 RErRE.SEXTATIVE.S. 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 SEX.\TORS. 
 
 KEPRESEXT.^TIVES 
 
 Rojie Harrow,'' Athens. 
 
 Henry <i. Turner. (Juitman. 
 
 H. Hnchanan, Newman. 
 
 .lames II. RIount, Macon. 
 
 S. Reese, '' i^parta. 
 
 .\. H. Stephens, <' Crawfordsnlle. 
 
 .Tohn A. I.fij.'an. Chioajio. 
 
 Georpo R. Davis, Chicago. 
 
 John C. Sherwin. .Vnroni. 
 
 T. J. Henderson. I'rinceton. 
 
 L. E. Raysoii, Ronliac 
 
 J. W. Singleton, l^iincv. 
 
 D. C. Smith, Rekin. ' ' 
 
 S. W. Monlton, Sliell.yville. 
 
 W. H. Morrison. Waterloo. 
 
 R. W. Townsliend, Shawiiectown. 
 
 J. U. lA'wis, Knoxville. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 D. W. Voorhces, Terre Haul.'. 
 
 William Ileilman, Evansvillc. 
 S. M. ."^tockslager, Corydon. 
 C. C. Matsoii, (irecncastle. 
 Stanton J. IVvle. Indianapolis 
 Charles T. Doxcy,!/ .\nderson. 
 G. W. Steele, Marion. 
 W. H. Calkins, Ln|x)rte. 
 
 SEX.\TORS. 
 
 HEfRESEXTATI V ES. 
 
 M. Harrison, Indiana|iolis 
 
 Thomas R. Cobb, Vinoennes. 
 W. S. Holman. ,\uroni. 
 T. H. lirowne. Winche.stor. 
 R. 14. K. I'ierce. Crawfonlsville. 
 M. L. DeMotte, Valparaiso. 
 W. G. Coleriik, Fort Wavne 
 G. S. Orth.A Lafayette. 
 
 "ContcRlpd with .1. .T. Flnley anrl look his scat Juno 1, l»s2. 
 
 I'Toolc his M'lit DcccmlHT ;>. is.sj. ii> llll viicnniy ohiisimI 1>v dnilh nf B. II. IIIll. 
 
 <• Flllril thr vni'iiiii'v niiisiHl l>v rtslKniitiiiii nf A. H. siciijii'iis. nnd look his .«oal IV-oembcr 4, 1SS2. 
 
 rtRfslk'Hf"! Ill I'VC.'. 
 
 'TcK.k Ills Mill Doci'iiilxT 4. 18H2, to (111 vaciiin-v cansvcl liy death of R. M. A. Ilnwk. 
 /Illi'd.Iiinc-.'ii. l.W.i. 
 
 pTiHik Mn .scut .laiiiiary 17, ls.Vt. to till vaoanrv rnu?c<l t>v death of (iodlove S, firth. 
 * Med iKTemlier 1«, ISKi. 
 
FORTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 
 IOWA. 
 
 207 
 
 W. B. Allison, Dulni(]ne. 
 
 M. A. MeCoid, Fairfiold. 
 Thomas Uiidet;ra£f, Mt'Gregor. 
 \V. (t. Thoinpsoii, Marion. 
 W. P. Hepburn, Clarinda. 
 J. C. Cook,'' Newton. 
 
 J. .T. Ingalls, Atchison. 
 
 J. A. Anderson, Manhattan. 
 D. C. Haskell, Lawrence. 
 
 J. B. Beck, Lexington. 
 
 Oscar Turner, Woodlands. 
 J. W. Caldwell, Russellville. 
 A. S. Willis, Louisville. 
 J. C. S. Blackburn, Versailles. 
 John D. White, Manchester. 
 
 AV. P. Kellogg, New Orleans. 
 
 R. L. (iibson, New Orleans. 
 V. B. Darrall, Morgan City. 
 J. F. Kintr, Vedalia. 
 
 Eugene Hale, KUsworth. 
 
 Thomas B. Reed, Portland. 
 S. D. Lindsev, Norridgewock. 
 T. H. jVIurch", Rockland. 
 
 James B. (jroome, Elkton. 
 
 G. W. Covington, Snow Hill. 
 F. S. Hoblitzt'll, Baltimore. 
 A. G. Chapman, La I'lata. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 EEPRESEXT.\T1VF.S. 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 KEPEESEXTATIVES. 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 J. W. JIcDill." Afton. 
 
 S. S. Farwell, ^Monticello. 
 N. C. Deering, (_)sage. 
 J. A. Kasson, Des Jloines. 
 C. C. Carjienter, Fort Dodge. 
 M. E. Cutts, f Oskaloosa. 
 
 V. B. Pliiml), Emporia. 
 Thomas Ryan, Tiiijeka. 
 
 J. S. Williams, Mount Sterling. 
 
 J. A. McKenzie, Longview. 
 
 J. P. Knott, Lebanon. 
 
 J. G. Carlisle, Covington. 
 
 P. B. Thompson, jr., Harrodsburg. 
 
 E. C. Phister, Maysville. 
 
 B. F. Jonas, New Orleans. 
 
 E. J. Ellis, New- Orleans. 
 N. C. Blanchard, Shreveport. 
 E. W. R(>l)ert,<on, Baton Rouge. 
 
 W. P. Frye,'' Lewiston. 
 
 Nelson Dingley, Lewiston. 
 George A. Ladd, Bangor. 
 
 A. P. Gorman, Laurel. 
 
 J. F. C. Talliott, Towsontown. 
 Robert M. JIcLane, Baltimore. 
 Jlilton G. Urner. Frederick. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Henry L. Dawes, Pittsfield. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 W. W. Crapo, New Bedford. 
 A. A. Ranney, Boston. 
 S. Z. Bowman, Somervibe. 
 William A. Russell, Lawrence. 
 William W. Rice, Worcester. 
 George D. Robinson, Chicopee. 
 
 G. F. Hoar, Worcester. 
 
 B. W. Harris, East Bridgewater. 
 L. Morse, Boston. 
 Eber F. Stone, Newbui'vport. 
 John W. Candler, Brookline. 
 A. Noi'oross, Fitchburi;. 
 
 (iTook hi.s.wat Jfiirch 8, 1881. 
 '> Took his seat March 3, 1883. 
 
 <■ Unseated March ,■). 1883. 
 rtTook his seat March 18, 1881. 
 
268 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIKECTOKY. 
 MKIIK.AN. 
 
 KENATOItS. 
 TliniiuiH \V. Fi-rrv, (iniml Haven. 
 
 liKI'KhSENTATlVES. 
 
 Henry \V. Lord, Detroit. 
 K<hvar<i S. I^uey, Charlotte. 
 George W. Wetilier, l<inia. 
 John T. Kieh, Klba. 
 Jay A. Hubbell, Houf;liton. 
 
 MINNESOTA. 
 
 KKNATOlts. 
 
 S. J. K. McMillan, St. I'anl 
 
 M. II. Piinnell, Owatonna. 
 ^V. P. Wivliliurn, Minneapolis 
 
 L. li- C. Ijiinar, Oxford. 
 
 H. L. Mnldrow, Starkville. 
 H. De Soto Money, Winona. 
 Charles K. Hooker, Jackson. 
 
 F. M.Cockrcll, Wanenshnrt;. 
 
 ^I. L. Clardy, Karininfrton. 
 I.. H. Havis, Jackson. 
 I, S. Ha/.elline, Springtield. 
 K. T. Van Horn, Kansas City. 
 Jos. II. Hnrrows, Cainsville. 
 Wni. H. Hatch, Hannibal. 
 G. Ses.singliaus,'' St. Louis. 
 R. U. Frost <•• 
 
 KEl'KKSENTATIVES. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 SKNATOR.S. 
 
 KEI'RKSENTATI V ES. 
 
 MISSOURI. 
 SENATORS. 
 
 HKl'RESENTATIVKS. 
 
 NEBRASKA. 
 
 SHXATORS. 
 
 Alvin Saunders, Omaha. 
 
 Omar I). Coiifter, Port Huron. 
 
 Kdwin Willits, >lonroe. 
 Juhus C Hnrrows, Kalamazoo. 
 O. L. SiiaMinjr, St. Jolins. 
 R. (>. Horr, East Saginaw. 
 
 William Windom. Winona. 
 11. 11. Stniil. Shakoiiee. 
 
 J. /.. (ieortre, Jackson. 
 
 V. H. Manning, Holly SprinRg. 
 O. K. Sinj;leton. ( 'anion. 
 J. R. Lvnch," Natchez. 
 
 t;. (i. Vest, Kansas Citv. 
 
 James H. ^IcLonn,'' St. Uiuis. 
 
 R. P. Hland, Lebanon. 
 
 T. M. Kice, Booneville. 
 
 N. Kord, Kochester. 
 
 J. H. Clark, jr.. I'ayette. 
 
 A. 11. Huikner, Mexico. 
 
 Thomas Allen, < St. Ix)ui8. 
 
 Charles 11. Van Wyik, Nebraska City. 
 
 RE1'RE«ENTATIVE. 
 
 E. K. Valentine, West Point. 
 NKV.\1).\. 
 
 SKNATtlHS. 
 
 John p. Jones, <told Hill. 
 
 James ti. Fair, Virginia City. 
 
 REPKKSENTATIVE. 
 
 George William Cassidy, Eureka. 
 NKW HAMPSHIKE. 
 
 E, H. Rollins, Concur. 
 
 J. li. Hall. Dover. 
 Oseian Ray, Ijtncaster. 
 
 RKI'KKSESTATIVKS. 
 
 II. W. Ulair, Plvmouth. 
 
 J. 1'. liriggj-, Manchester. 
 
 •iTiK.k Ills will April jy, issj, 
 
 I'TiHik hi« Milt .Miinli •.'. lsx:t. 
 
 ■"Siircf.'*(ullv contrstcHl by Sowillghnu.H. 
 
 rfTiMik Ills sfiu lii'i'vmbvr 15, ll«», iimJc vaoniit liv llu- lU-ath of Thomim Allen. 
 
 f IHiil April s. |s.v.>. 
 
FORTY-SKVENTH CONGRESS. 
 
 269 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SKNATORS. 
 
 J. R. McPherson, Jersey C'ity. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 G. M. Robeson, Camden. 
 Miles Ross, New Brunswick. 
 Jolm H. Hill, Boonton. 
 A. A. Hardenbera;, Jerve\' Citv. 
 
 W. .1. Sewell, Camdeu. 
 
 J. H. Brewer, Trenton. 
 H. S. Harris, Belvidere. 
 Pliineas Jones, Newark. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 Warner ililler," Herkimer. 
 Roscoe Oonkling, '' Utica. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 RErRESEXT.^TIVES. 
 
 Perry Belmont, Babj-lon. 
 J. H. Smith, Brooklyn. 
 Benjamin Wood, New York Citv. 
 P. H. Dugro, New York City. 
 John Hardv,'' New York Citv. 
 R. P. Flower, New York City. 
 J. H. Ketehani, Dover Plains. 
 Thos. Cornell, Rondout. 
 Walter xV. Wood, Hoosick Falls. 
 A. X. I'arker, Potsdam. 
 Ferris Jacobs, jr., Delhi. 
 
 C. D. Prescott, Rome, 
 Frank Hiscock, Syracnse. 
 
 J. W. Wadsworth, Living,stone. 
 
 D. P. Richardson, Angelica. 
 Richard Crowley, I.ocki>ort. 
 H. Van Aernam, Franklinville. 
 
 E. G. Laiiham, '' Canandaigua. 
 T. C. Piatt,'' Owego. 
 
 W. E. Robinson, Brooklyn. 
 A. M. Bliss, Brooklyn. 
 S. S. Cox, New York Citv. 
 A. G. McCook, New York City. 
 A. S. Hewitt, IS^ew York City. 
 W. Hntchins, Kingsbridge. 
 Lewis Beach, Cornwall. 
 M. N. Nolan, Alliany. 
 J. Hammond, Crown Point. 
 George West, Balston Spa. 
 C. R. Skinner, Watertown. 
 Jos. Mason, Hamilton. 
 John H. Camp, Lyons. 
 J. W. Dwight, Dryden. 
 J. Van Voorhis, Rochester. 
 J. Scoville, Buffalo. 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 M. W. Ransom, AVeldon. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 L. C. Latham, Greenville. 
 
 J. W. .Shackleford,/' Jacksonville. 
 
 A. M. Scales, Greenslioro. 
 
 R. F. Armtield, Statesville. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 Z. B. Vance. Charlotte. 
 
 Orlando Hubbs, New Berne. 
 W. R. Cox, Raleigh. 
 Clement Dowd, Charlotte. 
 Robt. B. Vance, Asheville. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 G. II. Pendleton, Cincinnati. 
 
 REPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 B. Butterworth, Cincinnati. 
 
 H. L. Morey, Hamilton. 
 
 Benj. LeFevre, Sidney. 
 
 J. P. Leedom, West Union. 
 
 J. S. Robinson, Kenton. 
 
 Henry S. Neal, Ironton. 
 
 Ciibson Atherton, Newark. 
 
 R. R. Dawes, Marietta. 
 
 William ilcKinlev, jr.. Canton. 
 
 E. B. Tavlor, Warren. 
 
 J. T. Updegraff,!/ Mount Pleasant. 
 
 John Sherman, Mansfield. 
 
 T. L. Young, Cincinnati. 
 E. Shultz, Davton. 
 J. M. Ritchie," Toledo. 
 J. W. Keit'er, Springfield. 
 J. B. Rice, Fremont. 
 Ct. L. Converse, Columbus. 
 G. W. Geddes, Mansfield. 
 J. D. Taylor,'' Cambridge. 
 A. S. McClure, Wooster. 
 A. Townsend, Cleveland. 
 
 a Took his seat October 11, 1881, made viieant bv the resignation of T. C. Piatt. 
 
 6 Resigned May 1(5. 1881. 
 
 rTooIi his seat October 11, 1881, made vacant bv tlie resignation of Roscoe Conkling, 
 
 ''Resigned May 16, 1881. 
 
 '• Took his seat December 5, 1881, to fill vacancy cnnsed by the death of Fernando Wood. 
 
 / Died January IS, 1883. 
 
 'I Died November 30, 1882. 
 
 It Elected to fill vacancy caused by the death of J. T. (^i)dcgniiT. and took his scat January 10. 1883. 
 
270 
 
 Co:<ORE!J610NAL DIKECTOKY. 
 
 CtRKCJDN. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 LaFayotto (imvir, SaU'iii. 
 
 J. 11. Slater, l-atinuuie. 
 
 KKl'l!h>KNlAri\ >>. 
 
 Melvin C. (ionru<-. rortluiul. 
 
 ,1. I', raiiu-nin. 1 larrislmrv 
 
 rENN!<YI.V.\Nl.\. 
 
 SKN".\'r<)K.'*. 
 l<KrKI'>ENT.VTlVh>. 
 
 11, 11. Kiiv^'ham. riiilailcl).liia. 
 S. .1. Kauaall, rhila.lrliihia. 
 A. i'. llaniiiT, riiiUi.lolpliia. 
 William (ioilshalk. Now Britain. 
 A. 11. Smith. l.aiua.-tor. 
 K. Klotz, Mamli rliuiik. 
 l\ N. Itrmniu, MiiU'i>villo. 
 C. C. .laihvin, llnm-siiali'. 
 J. M. Cami'l'*!!. .lolinstown. 
 F. K. Hflt/.lioiivir, I'urlisle. 
 M. H. Wi.-^o. Waviio.-tmif,'- 
 T. M. Hayne, .Mlcahciiy. 
 .1. MosKrovo, KiltamiinsT. 
 Lewis F. Watson, Warren. 
 
 .1. I. Mitilu'll, Wellsboro. 
 
 Charles O'Xeil, Philadehihia. 
 
 W. 1>. KelU-y, rhila<U"li>hia. 
 
 William Ward, I'hester. 
 
 |). Krmentri«nt, Reailinir. 
 
 W. Mutfhler, Fasten. 
 
 J. .\. tjeranton, Seranlon. 
 
 S. F. Barr, llarrisliurs. 
 
 K. J. C. Walker, Williamspnrt. 
 
 U. G. Fisher, llnntinndon. 
 
 A. Ci. Curtin, Bellefonte. 
 
 Kns.-iell Krrett, I'ittsburir. 
 
 W. S. ShallenlK'ruer, Koihester, 
 
 S. 11. Miller, Mercer. 
 
 11. r.. .Vntliiiny. I'rox iileiut 
 11. J. Spooner, I'mviilenee. 
 
 M. C. Butler, Etlj^lieUl. 
 
 •T.S. Kichanls.^n, Sumter. 
 1>. Wvatt .Mken, Cokeshury. 
 Kuliert Smalls,'' Beaufort. 
 
 I. (i. Harris, Memphis. 
 
 A. H. rettihone, tireenville. 
 (i. 11. Iiihrell. Sparta. 
 U. Warner, l.ewisliur^:. 
 W. ('. Witthorne. t'olumhia. 
 C. B, Siuiouluu, (.'ovington. 
 
 S. B. Maxey, Paris. 
 
 ,1. ll.Keatran. Tali-stine. 
 (I. Wellhorn. Dallas. 
 C. I'psou, San Antonio. 
 
 (i. F. Ivlmun.ls, Burlington. 
 
 C. H. Jovtv, Hutland. 
 W. W.linait, Barton. 
 
 UlldPK ISLAND. 
 
 SKNATOKS. 
 KKl'KESKXr.VTIVKS. 
 
 N. W. AKlrieh," Providence. 
 
 Jonathan (.'luu-e, Providenee. 
 
 SOlTll I'AKOl.lNA. 
 
 SKN.VTORS. 
 KEI"RESENT.\TIVBS. 
 
 TENXESSEK. 
 
 SES.\TOKS. 
 KK1'KESEXT.\TIVES. 
 
 Wade llaniptiai. Charleston, 
 
 E. W. M. Mackav, -• Charleston. 
 John 11. Evins, SpartanUnr;;. 
 M. P. O'Connor,'' (."harleston. 
 
 11. E. Jackson. Jackson. 
 
 L. C. Hnuk, Knoxville. 
 B. M.-Milli", Carthaiie. 
 J. F. House. Clarksville. 
 J. D. C. Atkins, Paris. 
 W, R, Moure, Meiui>his, 
 
 TEXAS. 
 
 SKS.VTOKS. 
 KEI'KESENT.MIVK- 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 SENATOHS. 
 KEI-RESEST.VTIVES. 
 
 K.Coke, Waco. 
 
 1>, B. Cullx»rson, Jefferson, 
 (i. W.Jones. Ba.-itrop. 
 K. (J. Mills, Corsieana. 
 
 J.S.Morrill, ."Stafford. 
 Jiis. M. Tyler, Brattleboro. 
 
 „Tonk 1.1, so... r...,H.,..U.r .s. 18S1, to .in vKcuiey o«.t,.,» by .,.«.h of Ambr«c E. Burnrfdc. 
 .1 Dlwl April ai, INSl, 
 
FORTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 271 
 
 J. \V. Johnston, Abingdon. 
 
 (t. T. Garrison, Accomao. 
 (.TtMjrgf 1). Wiw, Richmond. 
 G.G. Calicll, Danville. 
 John I'huI, Ilarrisciiiburg. 
 A. i'ulkersun, Bristol. 
 
 Henry G. Davis, Piedmont. 
 
 Benjamin Wilson, ClarkNlinri.'. 
 J. K. Kenna, Kanawha. 
 
 A. Cameron," La Crosse. 
 
 C. G. Williams, .lanesville. 
 G. C. lla/.elton, Boscolicl. 
 E. S. Brafi!-', Fond dn lac. 
 H. L. llunijihrey, Hudson. 
 
 SEN.ITORS. 
 
 REPRESENT.'VTIVES. 
 
 W. Mahone, Petersburg. 
 
 ■T. F. Hezcndorf, Norfolk. 
 .T. .lorgenscn, Pi'tcrsbnrg. 
 J.R.Tucker, l^exington. 
 J. S. Barbour, Alexandria. 
 
 WEST VIRGINIA. 
 
 SENATOHS. 
 I'.EPKESE.NT.^TIVES. 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 .SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 J. N. Camden, Parkersburg. 
 J. B. Hoge, Martin.sburg. 
 
 P. Sawyer, Oshkosli. 
 
 ]j. B. Caswell, Fori, .\tkin.son. 
 P. V. Deuster, Milwaukee. 
 R. Guenther, Oshkosh. 
 T. C. Pound, Chippewa Falls. 
 
 ARIZONA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Granville H-. Oury, Florence. 
 DAKOTA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Bicluud F. Pettigrew, Sioux Falls. 
 IDAHO TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEO.VTE. 
 
 (ieorge Ainslie, Idaho C'ity. 
 MONTANA TERRIT( >UV. 
 
 DELEdATE. 
 
 Martin Maginnis, Helena. 
 TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. 
 
 DELEG.VrE. 
 
 T. buna, Los Lunas. 
 UTAH TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 .John T. Caine,'' Salt Lake City. 
 WASHINGTON TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Thomas H. Brents, Walla Walla. 
 WYOMING TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Morton E. Post, Cheyenne. 
 
 <" Took his seat October 10, 1881, mude viicuiit by iloiilb of M. H. Carpenter. 
 t-Took his sent Jammry 17, 1883. 
 
FORTY-EIGHTH COXGRESS. 
 
 First session, from Decembers, ItlSJ, to. July 7, 1SS4- Second session, from December 1, ISS4,ln Marrh .1, IS85. 
 
 li-eMtlent j)ro tempore of the Senate. — (ieorce F. Edmi'xks, of VoniKnit. S'cretari/ of the Senate. — 
 Anson C.i. McCook, of New York. 
 
 Speitker of the House. — John (i. Caklisle, of Covington, Ky. Clerk of the Jlowe. — John B. 
 Clakk, Jr., of Missouri. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 SENATOR.-*. 
 
 Joliii T. Morgan, Selnia. Jaine.s L. Pugh, Eufaula. 
 
 KEPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 James T. Jones, I)enio|)olis. Hilary A. Herbert, Montjioinery. 
 
 William C. Oates, Abbeville. George H. Craig,'' Selma. 
 
 Tliomas Williams, Wetiuupka. G. W. Hewitt, Biriuiugham. 
 
 William H. Korriev, Jaek.-sonville. Cuke I'ryor, Athens. 
 Charles'M. Shelley," ISelma. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Augustus H. Garland, Little Rock. James I). Walker, Fayetteville. 
 
 KKI'Rf>:ENTATIVES. 
 
 Poindexter Dunn, Forest City. C. R. Breekinriilge, Pine Bluff. 
 
 James K. Jones, Washington". John H. Rogers, Fort Smith. 
 
 Samuel W. Peel, Bentonville. 
 
 CALIFORNL\. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 James T. Farley, Jackson. John F. Miller, .Sin Fr.inci.sco. 
 
 KEPRESENT.VTIVES. 
 
 Charles A. Sumner, San Francisco. John H. (;la.<i-ock, (.taklaml, 
 
 William S. Hosecrans, .-^an Francisco. James II Bmlil, Stockton. 
 
 Barclay Henley, Santa Rosa. Pleasjint B. Tulley. (iilroy. 
 
 COLORADO. 
 
 SENATOItS. 
 
 Nathaniel P. Hill, Denver. Thomas JL Bowen, IM Norte. 
 
 RKI'UESENTATIVK. 
 
 James B. Belfortl, Centnil City. 
 CONNKCTICIT. 
 
 SENATOK.-*. 
 
 Orville H. Piatt, Meriden. Joseph K. Haw ley, Hartford, 
 
 HEl-RBlENTATlVliS. 
 
 William W. luiton, Ilartfonl. C, Ia- Movne Mitchell. New Haven, 
 
 John T. Wail, Norwich. Edward \V. .S»ymour, Litchfield. 
 
 oUndoned Janii»ry9, 18H5, byC. H. Craig. ^ ^. , ^ ,^^ . , ^ ». u . ,<».. 
 
 * SuccvoBiully coatcatol the i'lectli>n of C. M. Shelley, nnrt t««>k hts sent January 9, 1S86, and resUfned Marrh 3, IWR. 
 
FORTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 SEXATOns. 
 
 273 
 
 Thomas F. Bavard, Wilniintrton 
 
 E. Saulsbury, Dover. 
 hei'kesentative. 
 Charles B. Lort'. Wilmiimton 
 
 Charles AV. Jones, Peusacola. 
 E. H. M. Davidson, Quincy. 
 
 FLORIDA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPKESEXTATIVES. 
 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 Wilkinson Call, Jacksonville. 
 Horatio Bisbee. jr., Jaeksonville. 
 
 Joseph E. Brown. Atlanta. 
 
 Thomas Hardeman, ^lacon. 
 Henry G. Tnrner, Quitman. 
 H. Buchanan, Newman. 
 James H. Blount, ilacon. 
 iSeaborn Reese, Sparta. 
 
 SEX.-VTORS. 
 
 REI'RESEXT.VTI V E.S. 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 -Vlfred H. Colquitt. .Vtlanta. 
 
 John C. Xieholls, Blackshear. 
 Charles F. Crisp, Americus. 
 N. J. Hammond, Atlanta. 
 J. C. Clements, Lafayette. 
 Allen D. Candler, Gainesville. 
 
 John A. Logan, Chicago. 
 
 REPRESE.N"T.\TIVES. 
 
 R. W. Dunliam, Chicago. 
 Georse R. Davis, Chicago. 
 Reuben Elhvood, Sycamore. 
 T. J. Hendereon, Princeton. 
 Lewis E. Payson, Pontiac. 
 William H. Neece, IMacomb. 
 "VMlliam 31. Springer, Springtield. 
 J. (t. Cannon, Danville. 
 S. W. Moulton. Shelbyville. 
 R. \V. Townshend, Shawneetown. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 SEXATOES. 
 
 D. W. Voorhees, Terre Haute. 
 
 REPRESEXT.VTIVES. 
 
 J. J. Kleiner, Evansville. 
 
 S. yi. Stockslager, Corydon. 
 
 C. C. Mat.son, Greenca'stle. 
 
 William E. English," Indianapolis. 
 
 Thomas B. Ward, Lafayette. 
 
 George W. Steele. Marion. 
 
 B. F. Shively,'' North Bend. '' 
 
 loAVA. 
 
 Shelby M. Culloni, Springfield. 
 
 John F. Finerty, Chicago. 
 George E. Adams, Chicago. 
 R. R. Hitt, IMount Morris. 
 William CuUen, Ottawa. 
 N. F. Worthington, Peoria. 
 James R. Riggs, Winchester. 
 J. H. Rowell, Bloomington. 
 Aaron Shaw, Olney. 
 William R. Morrison, Waterloo. 
 John R. Thomas. Metropolis. 
 
 Benjamin Harrison, Indianapolis. 
 
 Thomas R. Cobb, Vinceune.s. 
 W. S. Holman, Aurora. 
 Thomas M. Browne. Winchester. 
 John E. Lamb, Terre Haute. 
 Thomas J. Wood, Crownpoint. ' 
 Robert Lowry, Fort 'Wayne. 
 W. H. Calkins. •' Laporte. 
 
 William B. Allison, Dubuque. 
 
 Moses A. McCoid,'' Fairfield. 
 D. B. Henderson, Dubuque. 
 .Tames Wilson, f Traer. 
 H. Y. Smith, .f" Des Moines. 
 W. P. Heplnirn, Clarinda. 
 
 A. J. Holmes, Boone. 
 
 B. T. Frederick,!/ Mai-shalUown. 
 
 SEX.iTORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 James F. Wilson, Fairfield. 
 
 J. H. ilurphv, Davenport. 
 
 L. H. Weller; Nashua. 
 
 John C. Cook, Newton. 
 
 J. A. Kasson,'' Des Moines. 
 
 W. H. M. Pusey, Coimcil Bluffs. 
 
 I. S. Struble, Lemare. 
 
 nSuccessfullj; contested the election of S. ,T. Peele, and took his seat Slav 22, 18S4 ' 
 
 Elected to till vacancy caused b.v resignation of W. H. Calkins, resigned 
 
 c Resigned October 20. 1S84. . s 
 
 dTook seat December li, 1,S83. 
 
 ^Election successfully contested bv Benjamin T, Frederick. 
 
 J Elected in place of J. .\. Kiussoii, resigned, and took his seat December 2 1884 
 
 Bt ontested seat of James Wilson, and took seat March 3, 1885. 
 
 n Took seat December 6, 188". 
 
 H. Doc. 458- 
 
 -18 
 
CONGRESSIONAL DIRtCToRY. 
 
 J. J. Insnill!', Atchison. 
 
 K.Uvin X. Morrill, Hiawatha. 
 S. U. IVter?!," Newtnii. 
 .1. .\. Aiuh-rsuii, Manhattan, 
 fh'iina'^ Kvft", Toiioka. 
 
 Jan.er' 1'.. Uock. l.<-xingt<.n. 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 SKN.\TORS. 
 ltEPKK.SENTA'riVE.«. 
 
 KENTrCKY. 
 
 SES.\TOKS. 
 KKl>KE.-iENTATIVKS 
 
 (Near Tumor, Wo.i(Uan<W. 
 .lohn K. na\M\, Howling ^.r.H■Il. 
 "\ S. Willis, Louisville. 
 j C S. Blaokliurn, Versailles. 
 W \V. Culherson, Ashlaii-l. 
 K "l. Wolfonl, (.'ohinihia. 
 
 I'. H. I'luiuli. Kinporia. 
 
 Lewis Haiihack, (M>oriu>. 
 U. \V. IVrkins, (iswogo. 
 K. 11. Funslon,'' lola. 
 Dudley C. Haskell, '' Tojieka. 
 
 .Tnhn S. Williams, Mount Sterling. 
 
 .Tames F. flay, "en^'e';'''^'',- 
 
 T. A. Kobert.siin, Wizabethtown. 
 
 ,i'g. Carlisle, CovinRton. 
 
 I' n. Thompson, jr., Harroasburg. 
 
 ,1. I). White, Manchester. 
 
 r,. F. .T.mas, New < )rleans. 
 
 Carlcton Hunt, New Orleans. 
 \V. V. KcHop-', New Orleans. 
 .T, F. Ki"'-'. Viilalia. 
 
 Eugene Halo, KUswoith. 
 
 Thomas B. Re«l, rortland. 
 V. A. Boiitelle, Bangor. 
 
 James B. Groome, Elkton. 
 
 Ci W. Covington, Snnwhill. 
 f' S Hobhtzell, Baltiinnre. 
 H B. Holton, l^owhatan. 
 
 I.oriSlANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 HEl'RESEST.VnVES. 
 
 K. I,. Gibson, New Orleans. 
 
 E .1. Ellis, New Orleans. 
 
 n' C. Blancliara, Shreveport. 
 
 k. T. Lewis, Opelousas. 
 
 Henry L. Dawes, FittstieUl. 
 
 Robert T. Davis, Fall River. 
 \ A. Rannev, Boston. 
 Leopoia Morse, Boston. 
 Fl)en F. Stone, Newburyi>ort. 
 Tlie<,(lore Lvman, Brookline. 
 \V Wliitini:, Holvoke. 
 ( ; D. Robinson,'' Chicopee. 
 
 Omar D. Conger, I'ort Huron. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REl'KESEXT.VTIVES. 
 
 M AH Y LAND. 
 
 SENAT<>R-S. 
 REPRESENT.VTIVES. 
 
 MASSAC IirsKTTS 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REI'RBSENTATIVRS. 
 
 \V. r. Frye, Lewiston. 
 
 Nelson Dinglev, jr., Lewiston. 
 S. L. Milliken, Belfa.»t. 
 
 A. r. Gorman, Laurel. 
 
 T F C. Talbott, Towson. 
 1 V L FiniUav, Baltimore. 
 L E. McComas, llagcrstown. 
 
 (ieorge F. Hoar, Won 
 
 ■ester. 
 
 .John P. Long. Hingham. 
 Patrick A. Collins. Boston. 
 H B. Lovoriiig. Lynn. 
 W \. Kussdl. Uiwrence. 
 William W. Hice, ^Vorcester. 
 F W. Rockwell,' Pitttfhelil. 
 
 MICHIGAN. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 KECHESENTATIVES. 
 
 W C. Mavburv, Detroit. 
 
 E S. Lacev, CfiaHotle. 
 
 Tubus Houseman, Gran.l Rapuls. 
 
 F C. Carlcton, I'ort Huron. 
 B M. Cutcheon, Maiiistco. 
 E.lward Breitiing, Negauuee. 
 
 Thomas W. ralmer, Detroit. 
 
 X B. EWredge, Adrian. 
 Georue L. Yaple. Men.lon. 
 K B. Winans. llaiuburi.'. 
 K G. Horr, East Saginaw. 
 H. H. Hatch, Bay City. 
 
 
FORTi'-EIGHTH CONGKESS. 
 MINNESOTA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 275 
 
 S. J. R. McMillin, (St. Tanl. 
 
 Milo White, Chatliekl. 
 Horace B. Strait, Shakopee. 
 Knute Nelson, Alexandria. 
 
 L. Q. C. Lamar, Oxford. 
 
 H. L. Muldrow, Starkville. 
 Elza Jeffords, Mayersville. 
 O. R. Singleton, Forest. 
 E. Barksdale, Jackson. 
 
 F. M. Cockreil, Warrensbnrg. 
 
 W. H. Hatch, Hannilial. 
 A. M. Doekery, Gallatin. 
 Alex Graves, Lexington. 
 A. H. Buckner, Jlexico. 
 J. G. Broadhead, St. Lonis. 
 R. P. Bland, Lebanon. 
 R. W. Fyan, Marshfleld. 
 
 REPRESENT.^TIVES. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 SEN.\T0RS. 
 RErRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 KErRESENTATIVES. 
 
 NEBRASKA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 C. H. Van AVvck, Nebraska Citv. 
 
 r>. \V. Sabin, Stillwater. 
 
 James B. Wakefield, Bine Earth City. 
 William Drew Washburn, Minneapolis. 
 
 James Z. George, Jackson. 
 
 J. R. Chalmers," Sardis. 
 H. De Soto Money, Winona. 
 H. S. Van Eaton, Woodville. 
 
 G. G. Vest, Kansas City 
 
 A. 31. Alexander, Paris. 
 
 J. N. Burns, St. Joseph. 
 
 J. Co.sgrove, Boonville. 
 
 J. J. O'Neill, St. Louis. 
 
 !Martin L. Glardy, Farniington. 
 
 C. H. Morgan, Lamar. 
 
 L. H. Davis, Jackson. 
 
 C. F. ^land'erson, Omaha. 
 
 A. J. Weaver, Falls City. 
 E. K. Valentine, West Point. 
 
 J. P. Jone.sGold Hill. 
 
 James Laird, Hastings. 
 
 KErRESENTATIVES. 
 
 NEVADA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 J. G. Fair, Virginia City. 
 
 REPRESENT.\TIVE. 
 
 George W. Cassidy, Eureka. 
 
 NEW ILVMPSHIRE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Henry W. Blair, Manchester. A. F. Pike, Franklin. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Martin .\. Haynes, Lake Village. Ossian Ray, Lancaster. 
 
 . NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 J. R. ilcPherson, Jersey City. W. J. Sevvell, Camden. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 T. M. Ferrell, (ilassboro. 
 
 John Kean, jr., Elizabeth. 
 
 W. W. Phelps, Teaneck, l''ngle\v<i(jd. 
 
 William McAdoo, Jersey City. 
 
 .1. Hart Brewer, Trenton. 
 B. F. Howey, Columbia. 
 W. H. Fieder, Newark. 
 
 nTook his sent June 25, 1884. 
 
CONGRESSIONAL DIKKCTOKY, 
 
 Wariipr Milli'r. Ilorkiiiicr. 
 
 II. W. Slocuin, Hrodklyii. 
 \V. K. lioMnson, Hrimklyn. ^ 
 1'". Cainjilu'll, l?iooklyii. 
 Siiimu-I S. Cox, Ni'W Yi>ik. 
 .1. .1. Ailanis, Ni'w Ynrk. 
 A. S. Hewitt, Ni'w York. 
 Walilo lliililiiiis, Kiii;;sl)ri(ls;o. 
 U'wis Bcai-li, Cornwall. 
 T. .1. Van Alstyne, Albany. 
 1". A. JolmsoM, (ili'M,-' Falls. 
 Kdward \Vcin|il(', Fiiltonvilli'. 
 C. U. Skiniu'r, WattM-towii. 
 Newton W. Nnttin^. Oswejio. 
 Sereno K. Payne, Anliurn. 
 8. C. Millanl, liiiitrlianiton. 
 II. S. (ireeiileal', Koiliuster. 
 \V. F. Uotrers, ]5ufl"alo. 
 
 .Ni;\v Y(»i;k. 
 
 .SEN.VTnH.s. 
 
 l<i:i'HBSKNT.\TIVRS. 
 
 K. C. I^|ihain, Cananilaiuna. 
 
 I'erry Belmont, Hal ly Ion. 
 
 D. 1{. Jaine.i, Hrooklvii. 
 
 N. Mnller, New York. 
 
 W. Doi-slieinier, New York. 
 
 .lolin Ilarilv, New Y'ork. 
 
 Orlando li.'Potter, New York. 
 
 .T. II. Ketchniii, Kinjisliriilye. 
 
 .lolm II. Hatrlev, jr., Cat.-kill. 
 
 II. (i. Hurleif.'li". Wliitehall. 
 
 A. X. I'arker, Tolt-^dain. 
 
 (teor>ro W. Hay, ChenanKo. 
 
 ,1. T. Spritr^rs, "I'tiea. 
 
 Frank Iliseoik, Svraense. 
 
 .T. \V. Wadsworth; l'liiladel|.liia. 
 
 .1. .\rnot, jr., Klniira. 
 
 U. S. Stevens, .\ttiea. 
 
 F. 15. Brewer, Wo.-tfield. 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 M. \V. Runs. .1,1, Weldoii. 
 
 R. T. Bennett, Wadeslioro. 
 ,1. K. O'llara. iMifield. 
 W. R. Cox. Raleigh. 
 James W. Reid," Wentworth. 
 Tyre York, Trap Hill. 
 
 SEX.\ToR.«. 
 
 Ki:i'UKSKXT.\TIVKS. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 /,. n. Vance, Charlotte. 
 
 .Mfred M. Scales,'' (ireensboro. 
 T. <;. Skinner. <■ Hertford. 
 W. ,1. (ireen, Fayetteville. 
 Clement Dowd, ('harlotte. 
 Robert 15. Vance, Asheville. 
 
 George II. I'en.lletoii. Cincinnati. 
 
 RKPHIJSKNT.VTIVI 
 
 .Tohn F. FoUott, Cincinnati. 
 Robert M. Murray, Riipia. 
 (iefirpe K. Seney, Titlin. 
 J. K. ('am|)l)ell,'' Hamilton. 
 .1. S. Robinson,' Kenton. 
 ,1. \V. McCormick, (iallipolis. 
 <;. L. Converse, Colnmlms". 
 A. J. Warner, .Marietta, 
 .los. I). Taylor, Cand)ri<l(;e. 
 Kzra B. Tavlor, Warren. 
 M. A. F..ran, Cleveland. 
 
 .Taniea 11. Slater. Lairrande. 
 
 ORFCON. 
 
 .lohn Sherman. Mansfield. 
 
 Isaac M. .lordan, Cincinnati. 
 
 Henjandn LeFevre, Maplewooil. 
 
 W. D. Hill, Detiance. 
 
 .1. W. Keifer, Springtield. 
 
 Frank II. Ilnrd, Toledo. 
 
 Alphonso Hart, Ilillsboro. 
 
 (i. W. (icl.les, Manslield. 
 
 r.criah Wilkins, Crichsville. 
 
 .1. II. Wallace,.'' New Lisbon. 
 
 1 1. R. I'aige, .\kron. 
 
 II. i>. Morev,!' Hamilton. 
 
 .1. N. I)..lph, Portland. 
 
 HKI'HKSE.NT.\T1VK. 
 
 M. C. (ieorge, Portland. 
 
 pi;nnsylvani.\. 
 
 SKS ATOIIS. 
 
 .lames I •. Cameron, llarrisbnr 
 
 II Kl'KI'XE.NT.VTI V !■>. 
 
 M. F. KUiotl, Wellsboro. 
 Charles O'Neill, Philadelphia. 
 William I). Kelley, Pliila.lelphia. 
 J. B. Everhart, Westchester. 
 
 .I.>lin 1. Mitchell. Wellsboro. 
 
 Oaniel F'rmenlront, Reading. 
 William Mulchler, Fjiston. 
 I). W. t'onnolly, Scninton. 
 Samuel F. Barr, Harrisburg. 
 
 "Trnik Ills Kent .lanimrv it. Is*. 
 
 '' Ki'siK'iK'il DvicmliiT ;io, isxi. ti> Ih'Ciiuii' K.'ViTii.ir of Xnrtli Ciinillim. 
 
 •■Toiik lil»wat Dwi'inlKT 1<1, ISKt. 
 
 >/T(«ik liis.spiil .liinc .'O. Dis^l. 
 
 *■ Ke.'iijs'iKil .Iiinuurv 12. 1S.S.S. 
 
 /(•oiito.sU'd llii- si'iit lit Willliiin McKlnloy, niiil Icnik his miU May >. IsM. 
 
 i/ElfcUon suiccvtiilly cipiiic.slod liy .laiiu's K. ramplioll. 
 
FORTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. 
 
 277 
 
 \V W. Brown, Bradford. 
 Louis E. Atkinson, ^lifflintown. 
 A. (t. Curtin, Bellet'onto. 
 J. H. Hopkins, Pittsburg. 
 (i. \'. Lawrence, Monongahela. 
 .Samuel H. Miller, Mercer. 
 8aniue! M. Brainard, Erie. 
 H. H. Bingham, Philadelphia. 
 S. J. Eandall, Philadeli>hia. 
 A. C. Harmer, Philadeliihia. 
 I. N. Evans, Hatboro. 
 
 A. Herr Smith, Lancaster. 
 JohnB. Storm, iStroudsburg. 
 C. N. Brumni, Minersville. 
 George A. Post, Susquehanna. 
 Jacob M. Campbell, Johnstown. 
 J. A. Swope," (iettysburg. 
 Charles E. Boyle, T^niontown. 
 Thomas M. Bayne, Allegheny. 
 .John D. I'atten, Indiana. 
 W. A. Duncan,*' Gettysburg. 
 
 KHODE ISLAND. 
 
 Nelson Aldrich, Providence. 
 W. P. Sheffield, '' Newport. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 KEi'UKSEXT.VTIVES. 
 
 Jonathan Chace,'' Providence. 
 H. B. Anthonv, ' Providence. 
 
 Jonathan Chare, 'J Providen<'e. 
 
 Henry J. Spooner, Providence. 
 N. F. Dixon,.'" Westerly. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 M. C. Butler, Edgefield. Wade Hampton, Charleston. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Samuel Dibble, Orangeburg. 
 
 D. Wvatt Aiken, Cokesbury. 
 J. J. Hemphill, Chester. 
 Roliert Smalls,* Beaufort. 
 
 E. W. M. IMackey, * ]Mount Pleasant. 
 
 G. D. Tilman, Clarks Hill. 
 John Bratton,./ White Oak. 
 G. W. Dargan, Darlington. 
 John H. Evins,^' Spartanburg. 
 
 Isham G. Harris, ^lemphis 
 
 A. H. Pettibone, Greeneville. 
 G. G. Dibrell, Sparta. 
 Richard Warner, Lewisburg. 
 J. Ct. Ballentine, Pulaski. 
 Rice A. Pierce, Union C'itv. 
 
 Samuel B. JIaxey, Paris. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 KEI'RESEXTATIVES. 
 
 TEXAS. 
 
 SEX,\TORS. 
 
 UEI'iiESENT.\Tl VKS. 
 
 Charles Stewart, Houston. 
 
 James H. Jones, Hemlerson. 
 
 J. \V. Throckmorton, McKinney. 
 
 Thomas P. Ochiltree, Cialveston. 
 
 R. Q. Mills, Corsicana. 
 
 S. W. Lanham, Weathcrford. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 Howell E. Jacksons, Nasliville. 
 
 L. C. Houk, Knoxville. 
 Benton McMillin. Carthage. 
 A. J. Caldwell, Nashville. 
 J. M. Taylor, Lexington. 
 Casey Young, Memphis. 
 
 Kicliard Coke, Wi 
 
 John H. Reagan, Palestine. 
 D. B. Culberson, Jeffer.son. 
 Olin Wellborn, Dallas. 
 James F. Miller, Gonzales. 
 John Hancock, Austin. 
 
 SEX.\TORS. 
 
 George F. Edmunds, Burlington. J. S. Morrill, Strafford. 
 
 HEPJiEsE-NTATIVES. 
 
 J. W. Stewart, Middlebury. Luke P. Poland, St. Johnsbury. 
 
 "Took his seat January 5, 1885, to fill vacancy caused by death of W. A. Duncan. 
 iiDicd November 14, 1H«4. 
 
 (•Appointed in place of H. B. -Anthony, deceased, and took his seat December 2, issj, and held same until an election to 
 fill vacancy. 
 rfTook his seat .lanuary 26, 188,"); elected to succeed H. B. Anthony. 
 cDied .September 2, 1884. 
 
 /Elected to till the va(^ancy caused by the resignation of .lonathan Chace, anri took his seat Februarv 12 1885 
 » Resigned January 26. 188.=): elected to the United States Senate. " ' 
 
 ''Elected to fill vacancy caused by death of E. W.M.Mac key. 
 iDied January 27, 1884. 
 
 J Elected to fill the vacancy cau.sed by death of J. H. Evins, and took his seat December 8 l.ssi 
 *; Died October 20, 1884. 
 
278 CONORESSIUNAl, DIKKC'ToKY. 
 
 VIUtilMA. 
 
 KKXATons. 
 
 ^Villill1ll Miilioiu". r<MiTsl>iir>r. II. H. l!iil<llol«'rn»'r. AVcxxlHtm-k. 
 
 HKrUtS*KXT.\TIVK>i. 
 
 John S. Wise, Richmoml. lieorne T. (iarrison,'' Affoniac. 
 
 llnrrv I.ililM'V, Olil I'oiiil (■oniloit. Georj;»> D. \Vi.-n-, Kiphinoml. 
 
 15. S.'lI(H>iK'i, lannvilK'. (i. C. CalK-ll, Panvilli-. 
 
 .1. U. TiukiT. I,i'xin>;l(«ii. ('. T. O'lVriall, ' llanisonUiir^'. 
 
 .1. S. liarlxmr, .Vlexainlria. llcniy Rowrii. Tazcwi'll. 
 
 Kobert M. Mayo," ]lairiK'. .lolin Taul/' Ilanisoiiburg- 
 
 WKST VIKi.lNl.V. 
 
 SKX.\TI1KS. 
 
 J. X. Cainilen, Varkcrslmiv. .loliii K. Kciiiia. Kaiia« ha. 
 
 l!EI'HKsEXT.\TIVh». 
 
 Nathan Uott, jr.. I'larkslmru'. William L. Wilson. Charlostown. 
 
 Charles 1'. Snyder, (.'harlesion. iMislaee liihson. lluntini.'ton. 
 
 AVISCt)XSlX. 
 
 SEXATOK.S. 
 
 Ansriis I'anuM'on, l,a Cros.-je. I'hiletns ."^awyer, Oshko.sh. 
 
 l!Kl'KESEXT.\TIVi:s. 
 
 .lolm Winaiis, .lan^sville. II. II. Suninor. Wankesha. 
 
 Hurr W. ,Iones. Mailison. Peter \'. Deiisler, Milwaukee. 
 
 ,lo.«e|ili Hankin. Manitowoc. Kiehanl (.iiieiither, (tshkosh. 
 
 (iilhert M. Wooilwanl, l.a C'ix)sse. William T. Price, Black Kiver Falls. 
 Isiuic ijtepheusou, Marinette. 
 
 ARIZONA TEKRITOKY. 
 
 DELEC..\TK. 
 
 (.iranville II. Onry, Florence. 
 l>AKOTA TERRITORY. 
 
 llEI.E<i.VTK. 
 
 .lohn U. Raymoml. l"an;o. 
 IIiAllo TERRITORY. 
 
 I)ELE(;.\TE. 
 
 T. F. Sinjriser, Boise City. 
 MONTANA TERRITORY. 
 
 DKl.Eli.ME. 
 
 Martin Ma);innis. Helena. 
 rKKKiniKY OF NEW MEXICO. 
 
 1>KI.E<;.\TE.S. 
 
 T. l.una,' Las l.inias. I". .\. .Man/jinares,.'' Uis Ve<.nis. 
 
 VTA II TERRITORY. 
 
 DKLEliATE. / 
 
 .lohn T. Caine, Salt I-ake City. 
 WASHINGTON TERRITORY. 
 
 nKl.E«i.\TE. 
 
 Thomas II. Brent.s, Walla Walla. 
 WYOMINO TERRITORY. 
 
 DELBliATE. 
 
 Morton E. Post, Cheyenne. 
 
 o KUflioii Miir.ssfiillv i-.mii'iHi'd !•>• O. T. liarrlsoii. <irii».'iiU'tl l)y C. T. iVFi'rrall. Miiv \ ISM. 
 
 J"TiM»k hi" -H-itt Mnrrh" LM. I^'M. rKItM'IiiMi siiccf^-fnlly oinu-slc*! by F. .V. Manmnuros. 
 
 i-Tw.k his M'ul Mu.v 5. 1S,M. /Took hl.« .«<.-«t Mimh .s. INM. 
 
FORTY-NINTH CONGEESS. 
 
 First S('ss(0?i,/TOiH December 7, ISSo, to Aiu/ust 5, ISSO. Second session, from Decemhr G, 1SS6, to Murch S, 
 1SS7. Special session of Senate from March 4, ISSd, to April 3, 1SS5. 
 
 President of the Senate. — Thomas A. Hendricks," of Indiana. President jiro tempore of the Setiate. — 
 Jonx SnERMAX,'' of Ohio, mid JoHX J. Ixc.ali.s, ■' of Kansas. Secretarij of the Senate. — Ansox G. 
 McCooK, of >'e\v York. 
 
 Speaker of the House. — Jonx G. Carlisle, of Kentucky. Clerk of the House. — Jonx B. Clark, ,7r., 
 of IMissouri. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 SEX.1T0RS. 
 
 John T. Morsian, Selma. 
 
 REPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 James T. Jones, Deiuopolis. 
 William C. Oates, Abbeville. 
 Thomas \V. Sadler, Prattville. 
 William H. Forney, Jacksonville. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 James K. Jones, Washington. 
 
 Poindexter Dunn, Forest City. 
 Thomas C. McRae, Prescott. " 
 Samuel W. Peel, Bentonville. 
 
 REPRESEXTATIVES 
 
 James I.. Pugh. Kufaula. 
 
 Hilary A. Herbert, ilonts'omery. 
 .v. C. Davidson, Uniontown. 
 John M. ^Martin, Birmingham. 
 Joseph Wheeler, Wheeler. 
 
 James H. Berry, Bentonville. 
 
 Clifton R. Breckinridge, Pine Bluff. 
 John H. Rogers, Fort Smith. 
 
 CALIFORNIA. 
 
 SEXATORS. 
 
 George Hearst, ' San Fnmcisco. 
 Abraiu P. Williams,'' San Francisco. 
 
 REPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Barclay Henley, Santa Rosa. 
 Joseph McKenna, Suisun. 
 Charles X. Felton. San Francisco. 
 
 Leland Stanford, San Francisco. 
 J. F. Miller, / San Francisco. 
 
 J. A. Lonttit, Stockton. 
 
 W. W. Morrow, San Francisco. 
 
 H. H. JIarkham, Pasadena. 
 
 COLORADO. 
 
 SEXATIiRS. 
 
 Thomas M. Bowen, Del Norte. H. M. Teller, Central City. 
 
 REPRESEXTATIVE. 
 
 George G. Symes, Denver. 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 SEX.VTORS. 
 
 Orville H. Piatt, .Meri.len. 
 
 J. R. Buck, Hartford. 
 John T. Wait, Norwich. 
 
 REPRESEX 
 
 ISEXTATIV 
 
 Joseph R. Hawley, Hartford. 
 
 C. LeMoyne Mitchell, New Haven. 
 E. W. Seymour, Litchfield. 
 
 a Died November 25, 1885. 
 
 '> Elected Deeeniber 7. lss5; resigned February 22, 1887. 
 
 <-Elected Fobruiiry 2i, l\'i7. 
 
 ''.Appointed to till viuaiiey eaused by death of John F. Miller and took his seat .\pril 9, 1886. 
 
 ••F.luetod to fill vaeauev caused b.' death of J. F. Miller and took his seat Deeenitjer (i, 18,S6. 
 
 /Died March U. ISSti. 
 
 L'79 
 
280 
 
 Eli Saulslnirv, Pover. 
 
 CUNORESSIONAL DIRECTOKY. 
 DKLAWAUE. 
 
 .«<ENATOHS. 
 
 Geoive ftray, Newcastle. 
 
 REPIlliSENTATI V K. 
 
 Charles B. l-oi-c, Wiliuiiijrton. 
 FLORIDA. 
 
 SEXATdits. 
 
 C W. Jiiiu's, IViism-ola. 
 
 UKriiE-SESTATlVES. 
 
 Koliiit II. M. l)aviilsiiii, t.iuiiicy. 
 
 IJEORGIA. 
 
 SKXATOHS. 
 J. IS. K. linnvii. Atlanta. 
 
 HKTRb^KNTATIVKS. 
 
 Thomas M. Xorwootl, Savannah, 
 ("harle.-i F. Crisp, Ainerieiis. 
 Nathaniel ,1. llaininond, .Vtlanta. 
 Juilsiin V. Clements, Ijtlayette. 
 A. D. Candler, Ciainesville. 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 HErUKSEXT.^TIVES. 
 
 Shelby M. CiiUoin, SpringtieM. 
 John A. Losran," Chicago. 
 
 Ransom \V. Pnnhani, Chieajro. 
 
 James U. Ward. Chieajro. 
 
 A. J. Hopkins, Anroni. 
 
 T. H. lleniierson, I'rineeton. 
 
 L*>\vis K. I'ayson, I'ontiae. 
 
 William H. Neeee, Maeomh. 
 
 William M. Sprinj.tT, SprinfrlieUl. 
 
 J. (i. Cannon, Uanville. 
 
 J. R. Kden, Snilivan. 
 
 R. W. Townshend, Shawneetown. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 SEX ATI IKS. 
 
 Daniel W. ViHirhei>s, Terii' Haute. 
 
 KKrm-i<KXT.\TlVf>i. 
 
 J. J. Kleiner. l-"vansville. 
 John (i. Howard. Floyd. 
 C. C. Matson, ( ireeneaslle. 
 W. D. Itviium. Indianapolis. 
 Thomius U. Ward, Ijilayelte. 
 (ie<irve W. Steele. Marion. 
 Cii-orpe Foril, South Rend. 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 SKXATOKS. 
 KEI'HeiEXTATIVES. 
 
 William r.. .\lli.son, Diihiuiue. 
 
 Benton J. Hall. Hnrlinnton. 
 D. H. Henderson, Duliuiiue. 
 H. T. Fn-deriik, Marshalllown. 
 Etlwiii 11. Conner, iH-s Moines. 
 Jus. Lvnian, Couneil HluHs. 
 J. S. Struble, Ia: Mars. 
 
 Wilkinson Call, Jaeksonville. 
 Charles Dougherty, I'ort Orange. 
 
 Alfred H. Coli|uitt, Atlanta. 
 
 Henvy (■. Tnrner, Quitman. 
 Henry R. Harris, (ireenville. 
 ,lames II. Hlonnt. Mai-on. 
 Seaborne Keest', Sparta. 
 G. T. Barnes, Augusta. 
 
 C. B. Farwell,'' Chicago. 
 
 Frank Ijiwler, Chicago, 
 tieoi^e F,. Adams, (.'hieago. 
 R. 1\. Ilitt. Moimt .Morris. 
 Ralph rininli, Streatnr. 
 .N. K. Worthinglon. I'eoria. 
 J. M. Rigj.'s. Winchester. 
 J. 11. Rowell, Bloomington. 
 S. '/.. Ljuules, Mount Carmel. 
 W. R. Morrison, Waterloo. 
 J. R. Thomas, Metroiwlis. 
 
 Benjamin Harrison. Imlianapolis. 
 
 Thomas R. Cobb, Vineennes. 
 W. S. Holman, .Vurora. 
 Thomas M. Browne, Winchester. 
 J. T. Johnston. Roekville. 
 W. D. Owen. l.<iiransport. 
 RoIhtI l.owrv. Fort Wavne. 
 
 J. F. Wil.son. Fairtielil. 
 
 Jeremiah H. Murphy, Davenport. 
 W. K. Fuller, We.st Fnion. 
 J. B. Weaver, Bloomlield. 
 W. IV Hepburn, Clarinda. 
 A. J. IKilmes, Rootie. 
 
 a Utol iKwiubiT ::i>, iKMi. 
 
 ''Kl>-L'l«t III iilni'i' <>i Juliii .\. LoRiin ftiul took hi> 
 
 liiiry A 1887- 
 
FORTY-NINTH CONGRESS. 
 
 281 
 
 J. J. Intralls," Atchison. 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 SENWTOKS. 
 
 KEPKESEXTATIVES. 
 
 E. X. Morrill, lliinvmhii. 
 B. W. ^Vrkin^<, (.tswego. 
 John A. Andei-siin, Manhattan. 
 Samuel R. Petei-s, Xewton. 
 
 James B. Beck, Lexington. 
 
 KEXTrCKY. 
 
 lSEX.\TOU.S. 
 
 KEPRESEXT.\TIVES. 
 
 'William J. Stone, Kuttawa. 
 
 J. K. llalsell, Bdwlintr Green. 
 
 A. 8. Willis. Luuisvilie. 
 
 W. C. P. HreikinriJse, Lexington. 
 
 AV. H. Waaswc.rtli, ilaysviller 
 
 F. L. Wolford, Columbia. 
 
 K. Lee Gilisun. New ( )rleaiis. 
 
 LOUISLVXA. 
 
 SEXATOES. 
 REPRE.SEXTATIVE.S. 
 
 Louis St. Martin, New Orleans. 
 E. J. Uay, Plaquemine. 
 J. F. Kincr. Vidalia. 
 Mirhael Hahn,'' New Orleans. 
 
 Eugene Hale, Ellsworth 
 
 Thomas B. Reed, Portland. 
 Seth L. Milliken. Belfast. 
 
 A. P. Gorman, Laurel. 
 
 Charles H. Gibson, Easton. 
 Henry \V. Kusk.'' Baltimore. 
 Barnes Compton, Laurel. 
 \V. H. Cole,' Baltimore. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 KEPKESEXTATIVES. 
 
 MAKYLANIi. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESEXTATl V ES. 
 
 Preston B. Plniub, Emjioria. 
 
 E. H. Funston, Lila. 
 Thomas Ryan. Topeka. 
 Lewis Hanback, Osborne. 
 
 J. C. S. Blackburn, N'ersailles. 
 
 Poke Laffoon, Madisonville. 
 
 Thomas A. Robert.son, Elizaliethtown. 
 
 J. G. Carlisle, Covington. 
 
 J. B. MeCrearv, Richmond. 
 
 \V. P. Taulbee", Salyersville. 
 
 James B. Eustis, New Orleans. 
 
 Nathaniel D. Wallace, '' New Orleans. 
 N. C. Blanchard, Shrevej)ort. 
 A. B. Irion, IMarksville. 
 
 W. 1'. Frye, Lewiston. 
 
 Nelson Dingley, Lewiston. 
 C. A. Boutelle, Bangor. 
 
 E. K. Wil.soii. Snowhill. 
 
 F. T. Shaw, Westminster. 
 J. V. L. Findlay, Baltimore. 
 Louis McComas, Hagerstown. 
 
 Henrv L. Dawes, Pittstield. 
 
 Robert T. Davis, Fall River. 
 A. A. Ranney, Boston. 
 E. D. Hayden, \\'oburn. 
 
 E. F. Stone, Newburvport. 
 
 F. B. Elv, Dedham. " 
 AV. Whiting, Holvoke. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 SEX.\TORS. 
 REPRESEXT.\TIVES 
 
 G. F. Hoar, AA'orcester. 
 
 J. D. Long, Hingham. 
 P. A. Collins, Boston. 
 H. B. Lovering, Lvnn. 
 C. H. Allen, Lowell. 
 AV. W. Rice, AVorcester. 
 F. W. Rockwell, Pittstield. 
 
 <" EU rt«I Februnry 25, 1887, as President pro tempore of the Senate. 
 
 ^DiL■d Miircli 15, 1S86. 
 
 ■•Elf iteil to fill vacancy caused by death of M. Hahn. and took his seal December 9. ISSB. 
 
 d Elected to lill vacancy caused bv the death of W. H. Cole, and look his seat December 6, 1886. 
 
 'Died Jiilv 8. 18S6. 
 
282 
 
 00NGRESSIO>'AI, DIKKCTMKV. 
 .MUlIKiAX. 
 
 ('. 1'. C'lin'.'cr. r. Hi Ihiroii. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 KEPnfXEXTATIVJX. 
 
 W. C. Miiybury, Detroit. 
 
 JaiiK'S O'Uonnell, Jackson. 
 
 Charlo." ('. Coiiistofk, (iraiul Rapids. 
 
 K. C. Oarlt'toii, I'ort lliimn. 
 
 B. M. Ciitilu'on, Maiii>t«c. 
 
 y. C. Moffatt, Travei-j^i- Cilv. 
 
 8. J. K. McMilliii, St. Taul. 
 
 Milo AVIiitf, CliatlieUl. 
 lloiacf 1!. SIniil. Sliakopee. 
 Knutu Nelson, Ak-xandiia. 
 
 Jauies 7j. George, Jackson. 
 
 J. M. .\llen, Tupelo. 
 T. C. C'atehintrs, Viiksbur;. 
 (). K. Siii'.'li-tnn, Koivst. 
 E. Barksdale, Jackson. 
 
 .MINNES()T.\. 
 
 SEXATOKS. 
 KEI'KKSEXTATIVES. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 SENAToHS. 
 
 REPKESEXTATI \' ES. 
 
 Thomas D. Palmer, IVIroit. 
 
 X. B Kldredne, Adrian. 
 JnlinsC. Burrows, Kalamazoo. 
 I'dwin B. Winans, Ilaiiitiuru. 
 Tiiuothv v.. Tai-snev, Kast Saginaw. 
 S. O. Fisher, West liav Citv. 
 
 J>wiglit M. Sahin, Stillwater. 
 
 James li. Waketii-ld. Blue 1-Jirth City. 
 J. B. Ulltillan, Minneapolis. 
 
 K. Carv Walthall. i;rena<la. 
 
 James B. Morgan, Hernando. 
 I". (\. Barry, \\est Point. 
 Henry S. Van Eaton, Wotvdville. 
 
 MISSOl-RI. 
 
 SEXATOIIS. 
 
 Francis M. C'ockrell. Warrenshurg. 
 
 REPKESEXTATIVE.S. 
 
 W. H. Hatch, Hannil>al. 
 .\. M. Dockcry, (iallatin. 
 W. W. Warner, Kansas City. 
 J. E. Hutton, Mexico. 
 J. M. (ilover, St. l.onis. 
 R. P. Bland, I.ehanon. 
 W. H. Wade, Springlield. 
 
 NEBRASKA. 
 
 8EXATOB.S. 
 
 Charles II. N'an Wyck, Ne)ira.ska City. 
 
 REPHEME-XTATlVEs, 
 
 A. J. Weaver, Falls (.'ity. 
 George E. Dorscy, Fremont. 
 
 John V. Jones, Gold Hill. 
 
 NEVADA. 
 
 SEXATOKS. 
 
 G. G. Vest, Kan8a.s City. 
 
 John B. Hale, Carrollton. 
 
 J. N. Burnes, St. Josei)li. 
 
 J. T. Heard, .^edalia. 
 
 J. J. O'Neill, St. L.mis. 
 
 M. E. Clardy. Farniington. 
 
 W. J. .Stone, Nevada. 
 
 William Dawson, New Madriil. 
 
 C. F. Manderson, iMuaha. 
 James Ijiird, Hastings. 
 
 J. G. Fair, Vii-jiinia Citv. 
 
 KEI'RESEXTATIVE. 
 
 William Woodhurn, Virginia City. 
 NEW HAMI>!HIRE. 
 
 SENATOR.-*. 
 
 Person C. Chenev," Manchester: Henrv W. Blair. Manclie.''ter. 
 
 A. F. Pike,'' Fraiiklin. 
 
 REPRESENT.\TIVK!*. 
 
 ^1. A. llaynes, Ijike Village. J. H. liallinger. Concord. 
 
 II Apiiolntvd lu nil vncuncv i-niuwl l>v (la- Jt-ntb iif A. F. Illcc, and took his nvat Dveemlwr 7. 1886. 
 '•DK-iIO 
 
 I Oclobcr 8. ISSti. 
 
FORTY-NINTH CONGRESS. 
 
 283 
 
 XEW JKKSEY. 
 
 SEKATOKS. 
 
 Jcihn E. McPherson, Jersey Citv. 
 
 George Hires, Salem. 
 Robert S. Green," Elizabeth. 
 AV. W. Pheliis, Teaneck. 
 W. McAdoo, Jersev Citv. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 AVilliaiii J. Sewell, Cauiden. 
 
 James Buchanan, Trenton. 
 James N. Pidock, White House. 
 Hiram Leblbach, Newark. 
 
 "Warner Miller. Herkimer. 
 
 REPKESENTATIVES. 
 
 Perry Belmont, Babylon, L. I. 
 Darwin R. James, Brooklvti. 
 A. M. Bliss, Brooklyn. 
 J. J. Adams, New York Citv. 
 S. .S. Cox.f' New Y'ork Citv.' 
 
 E. L. Viele, New York City. 
 Henry Bacon, '" Goshen. 
 
 J. G. Lindsley, Rondout. 
 John Swinburne, Albany. 
 
 F. H. Johnson, Glens Falls. 
 A. X. Parker, Potsdam. 
 
 J. S. Pindar, Cobleskill. 
 
 S. C. Jlillard, Binshamton. 
 
 I. Davenport, Bath. 
 
 J. G. Sawver, Albion. 
 
 J. B. Weber, Buffalo. 
 
 Jos. Pulitzer,'' New Y'ork. 
 
 Abraui Dowdnev, ' New Y'ork. 
 
 W. M. Evarts, New York City. 
 
 Felix Campbell, Brooklyn. 
 P. B. Mahoney, Brooklyn. 
 N. IMuller, New York ('it v. 
 T. J. Campbell, New York. 
 T. A. Merriman, New York. 
 Vi'. (t. Stahlnecker, Yonkers. 
 J. H. Ketchani, Dover Plains. 
 H. G. Burleigh, Whitehall. 
 George West, Ballston Spa. 
 A. S. Hewitt,.^' New Y'ork. 
 J. T. Spriggs, Utica. 
 F. Hiscock, Syracuse. 
 S. E. Payne, .A.uburn. 
 Charles S. Baker, Rochester. 
 J. M. Farquhar, Buffal.i. 
 W. L. Sessions, Jamestown. 
 Lewis Beach, r/ Cornwall. 
 Jno. Arnot, Elmira. 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 Matt. W. Rans 
 
 Weldon. 
 
 Thomas G. Skinner, Hertford. 
 AVharton J. Greene, Fayetteville. 
 James W. Reid,'' Wentworth. 
 J. S. Henderson, Salisbury. 
 T. D. Johnston, Asheville. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 Zeliulon B. A'ance, Charlotte. 
 
 James E. O'Hara, Entield. 
 W. R. Cox, Raleigh. 
 R. T. Bennett, Wadesboro. 
 W. H. H. Cowles, Wilkesboro. 
 
 John Shennan, ' ^[anstield. 
 
 Benj. Butterworth, Cincinnati. 
 James E. Campbell, Hamilton. 
 B. LeFevre, ilaplewood. 
 George E. Seuey, Titian. 
 W. C. Cooper, Blount Vernon. 
 W. \V. Ellsberry, (Tcorgetown. 
 J. H. Outhwaite, Cohunl)Us. 
 Beriah Wilkins, Vrichsville. 
 A. J. Warner, !\Iarietta. 
 E. B. Taylor, Warren. 
 M. A. Foran, Cleveland. 
 
 KEPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 Henry B. Payne, Cleveland. 
 
 C. E. Brown, Cincinnati. 
 C. M. Anderson, Greenville. 
 William D. Hill, Defiance. 
 John Little, Xenia. 
 Jacob Romeis, Toledo. 
 A. C. Thompson, Portsmouth. 
 C. H. Grosvenor, Athens. 
 George W. Geddes, ^lansfield. 
 J. H.' Taylor, Carrollton. 
 W. McKinley, jr., Canton. 
 
 OREGON. 
 
 Joseph N. Dolph, I'urtland. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 J. H. Mitchell, Portland. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 B. Hermann, Roseburg. 
 
 a Resigned January 17. 1S87. 
 
 ''Succeeded ,Tos. Pulitzer, resigned, and took his seat December 6, 1SS6. 
 
 rElectcd to fill the vacancy caused by the death o£ Lewis Beach, and took his seat December I'., 1,S86. 
 
 rfRcsiKUcil Aj.nl 10, 1W6. a Died in November, ISSti. 
 
 f Died I),-cenil.er 10, 1886. 'i Resigned December 31, 1886. 
 
 /Kcsigned December 30, 1886. iResigned Februarv 22. 18S7. 
 
284 <'ON(;KKSSlt)NAl. lUKKCliiKV. 
 
 I'KNNSYI.VANIA. 
 
 SENA ri PUS. 
 
 .Taiiu's I). (^iiniTiin. Ilairislmij.'. .Tcilin 1. Mitilicll. Wellslioro. 
 
 liHI'HESKXTATIVl->. 
 
 Kilwiii S, Oslionu'. WilUcsliiinc. II. II. ItiiiLrlmiu, l'lHliidrl|.lua. 
 
 Charles O'Neill, niila.lelphia, S. .1. Kaiulall. I'lilla.leli.liia. 
 
 W. I). Kelley, rhiia.lel|.liia. \. ( '. Ilann.r, riiiladelphia. 
 
 James 15. lOverliart, Westiliesler. I. N. Kvans, Ilatboro. 
 
 Daniel l-Innentroiil, I\ea<liiin. .1. .\. Iliestaml, Lancaster. 
 
 W. II. Sowileii, .Mleiitnwn. .1. B. Stdriii, Strnii,lsl)iirn. 
 
 J. A. SiTaiitoii, Seraiiliiii. {'. N. liniiuiii. Miiiersville. 
 
 F. Hiaiiiil, Milton. K. ( '. ISnnnell, Tiinklianntiek. 
 
 \V. \V. Hr.iwn. Brailfnnl. J. M. Canii.liell, .lolmstown. 
 
 L. K. .Ukinson, Milllintowii. .1. .\. Swupe, (ietlysliurn. 
 
 A. O. Curtin, Uellelmite. CharK^s K. Hnyle, rniontowii. 
 
 ..laiiu's 8. NejiU'V. Tittslinrn. Thomas N. liayne, .MIeKlieiiv. 
 
 O. L. .Taekson, \e\veaslle. .\. ('. White, ftrookville. 
 
 tieor^'e \V. Fleeter, lUitler. William 1,. Seott, Frio. 
 
 KHOPF ISI.AN1>. 
 
 SKNATOKS. 
 
 Nelson W. .Vlchieh. I'loviilenee. Jonathan Cliaei-, I'roviilenei'. 
 
 UKl'HKSKNTATIVKS. 
 
 lleniy.l. Spoonei', I'roviilenee. William .V. I'in-e,'' ( (liieyville. 
 Charles II. I'ane," iSeitnate. 
 
 SOITII CAKOI.INA. 
 
 SKNATOUS. 
 
 M. ('. Huller, I'.ilirelielil. Waile llamplon, t'harleslon. 
 
 HKI'UKSKNTVriVKS. 
 
 Sanuu'l Dililile, ()i-iui^el>ur>;. tieor^je I'. Tillman, I'larks Hill. 
 
 1). W. .\iken, Cokeshury. W. II. Ferry, (ireenville. 
 
 J. J. Hemphill, Chester. tieoi-jie W. barpm, l>arlin;.'t<in. 
 
 Riiliert Smalls, lieanfort. 
 
 ri'.NNFSSFF. 
 
 SKNVVToUs. 
 
 Howell F. Jackson.'' Nashville. , Ishamti. H.'irris. Memphis. 
 
 W. C. Whitthorne,'' I'olnmhia. 
 
 Ui:rKKSKXTAriVK>. 
 
 Aiifinstns II. I'etlilume, (ireenville. 1,. C. Honk, Knoxville. 
 
 John I\. Neal, Khea Sprinp^. Benton MeMillin. CartluiRe. 
 
 J. D. Kiehanlson. Mnrlreesbi>ro. A. J. Caldwell. Nashville. 
 
 J. a. Hallentine, I'ulaski. J. M. Taylor, l.exiiiKton. 
 
 Presley T. lilass, Kipley. /aihary Taylor, Covinjrtoii. 
 
 TFNAS. 
 
 SKNATOKS. 
 .Simnel H. Maxey, Fari<. Kiehanl Coke. Waco. 
 
 liKl-|U>iKNTATIVKS. 
 
 Charles Stewart, Houston. .lolin II. Keairan, Falestine. 
 
 James H. Jones, Ilemlersivn. I>. H. Ciillierson, Jefferson. 
 
 J. W. Throckmorton, McKinney. ttlin Wellhorn, Dallas. 
 
 W. II. Cniin, Cnero. James F. .Miller, (ionzales. 
 
 Kotier (i Mills. Corsieana. Jos. P. Sayors, Hastrop. 
 .'^. W. T. I.anham. Weatlierl'onl. 
 
 \ki;miint. 
 
 SKNATOKS. 
 
 Geortie F. KiUniimls, HnrIin»;ton. .Instin S. Morrill. Siraffonl. 
 
 KKI'Kh>KNT\TlVh>. 
 
 John W. Stewart, Midtlleliury. W. W. (.Jrout, Barton. 
 
 oElwI.ti III iiliic-.- nf Willliim A. llrrv. «nil lix'k Ills m'.ii Kflirimry A 1SS7. 
 
 NSt'tit iltH'liiri'tl Mii'iiiit .iiiiiiiiiry iS, 1W7. 
 
 •• Ki'sIkiioI April 11. l.ssil. 
 
 riElwtoil In pliicf lit H. E. Jiu-k«m, unci tinik lilo m-bi Fi-bniiir.v ;!. 1HS7. 
 
FORTY -NINTH CONOEESS. 285 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 SENATUKS. 
 
 Williiiin Maliniio. l'ct<T>^lmr2. H. TI. Kiilillclici't;ei-, Woodstock. 
 
 HKI'HHSENTATIVKS. 
 
 Thomas Croxton, Taiipiiliannot'k. llcury Libliry, ( )M I'oiiit. Comfort. 
 
 George D. Wise, Kichmoiid. .Tames J). Brady, reterslmr};. 
 
 George 0. Gabell, Danville. .lohn W. Daniel, l.ynclilmrg. 
 
 Charles T. O'Ferrall, Harrisonburg. John S. Barbour, Alexandria. 
 
 C. F. Trigg, Abingdon. J. R. Tucker, Lexington. 
 
 WEST VIRGINIA. 
 
 SKNATOliS. 
 
 J. N. Camden, I'arkcrsbnrg. .T. K. Krnna, Cluirleston. 
 
 KUl'ltlvSKNrATIVKS. 
 
 Nathan Goff, jr., Clarksburg'. '»V. L. Wilson, Charli'stown. 
 
 C. R. Snyder, Charleston. Kustace Gibson, Huntington. 
 
 WISt!()NSIN. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 P. SawyiT, Oshkosh. J. (". Spooncr, lluilson. 
 
 KKI'RESEXTAriVKS. 
 
 L. B. Caswell, Fort Atkinson. K. S. Bragg, Fond du Lac. 
 
 Robert M. La FoUette, Madi.son. I. W. Van Schaick, Milwaukee. 
 
 Thomas R. Iludd," (ircen Bav. R. Guenthcr, Oshkosh. 
 
 O. B. Thomas, Prairie du Chi'en. H. H. Price,'' 151ack River Falls. 
 
 William T. Price,'' P.lack River Falls. Isaac Stephenson, Marinette. 
 Josei^h Rankin, '^ Manitowoc. 
 
 ARIZONA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Curtis C. Bean, Prescott. 
 DAKOTA TERRITORY. 
 
 DEI.EliATK. 
 
 Oscar S. Gifford, Canton. 
 IDAHO TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 .lohn llailey, Boise City. 
 MONTAX.^L TERRITORY'. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Joseph K. Toole, Helena. 
 TERRITORY OF NEW IMEXICO. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Antonio Jo.seiih, Ojo Caliente. 
 UTAH TERRITORY. 
 
 DELECiATE. 
 
 J. T. Caine, Salt Lake City. 
 W.\SI1L\(;T( IX TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 C. S. Voorhees, Colfax. 
 WYOMING TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Joseph M. Carey, Cheyenne. 
 
 o Electee! to (ill viieiim-y ciuiseil liy dentil of Joseph Ennkiii, iinrl took his sent Miirch s, 1S86. 
 
 ('Died l)eeeml)er(l, issfl. 
 
 ••Dieti .Innnnrv '24, ISMii. 
 
 riEleetcd in iiiiice of W. T. Price, (iccciiseil, imil took his seitl Fi'hrniiry 2, 1-HS7. 
 
FIFTIETH COXGRESS. 
 
 F'lri't gem<m,from Decemhcr 5, 1SS7, lo October 20, 1S88. Second session, from December 3, 1888, to ilarch 
 
 S, 1889. 
 
 Pnnideiit iiro tcm/inrf of tin' Seuiilc. — J. J. Ingalls, Oi Kansas. Speaker of llic House. — John G. 
 Carlisle, of Kentucky, .'^•rrelarii of the Senate. — Anson G. McCook, of New York. Clerk of the 
 
 House. — John B. Clark, of Missouri. 
 
 .\ LA BAM A. 
 
 SE.NATORS. 
 
 John T. Mdi-ran, Solnia. James L. Pugli, Eufaula. 
 
 KEPKESENTATIVES. 
 
 James Taylor Jones, Demopolis. Hilary A. Herbert, ^Fontgomery. 
 
 William C. Oates, Atiheville. A. C. Davidson, rniontown. 
 
 James K. Cobb, Tuskojjee. John H. BanUlicad, Favette. 
 
 William H. Forney, Jacksonville. Joseph AVheeler, Wheeler. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 James K. Jones. Washinf:ton. James H. Berry, Bentonville. 
 
 liKI'KKSKNTATIVES. 
 
 Poindexter Dunn," Forest City. C. K. Breckinridjie, Pine Bluff. 
 
 Thomas ('. McRae, Prescott. " John H. Rogers, Fort Smith. 
 
 Samuel W. Peel, Bentonville. 
 
 CALIFORNIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Leland Stanford. San Francisco. (ieorge Hearst, San Francisco. 
 
 HEI'KESENTATIVES. 
 
 Thomas L. Tompson, Santa i{o.«a. Marion Biggs, Gridley. 
 
 Joseph McKeiina, Snisnn. W. W. Morrow, .^an Francisco. 
 
 Charles X. Felton, San Francisco. William \'andever, San Buena Ventura. 
 
 COLORADO. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Thomas M. Bi.wen, Del Xorte. Henry JI. Teller, Central City. 
 
 REPRESENT ATI V E. 
 
 lieorge ('. Symes, Denver. 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 SKN \TOHS. 
 
 (trville H. I'lait, Meriden. Joseph R. Hawley, Hartford. 
 
 IiEF'UE.sKNTATlVI->. 
 
 Robert J. N'ance, New Britain. Carlos French, Seymour. 
 
 Charles A. Russell, Killingly. Miles T. Granger, Canaan. 
 
 "Took his scat Jnuunry I, isriti. 
 2Sti ' 
 
FIFTIETH CONGRESS. 
 
 287 
 
 Eli Saulsburv. Dover. 
 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 George Gray, Newcai^tle. 
 
 REPKESENT.\TIVE. 
 
 John B. Penington, Dover. 
 
 FLORIDA. 
 
 SEN.\T0ES. 
 
 AVilkinson Call. Jacksonville. Samuel Pasco, Jlonticello. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 R. H. INI. Davidson, <2uincy. Charles Dougherty, Prjrt Orange. 
 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 Joseph E. Brown, Atlanta. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRE.SENTATIVES 
 
 Thomas il. Xorwood, Savannah. 
 Charles F. Crisji, Americus. 
 John I). Stewart, Griffin. 
 Judson C. Clements, Rome. 
 Allen D. Candler, Gainesville. 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 Shelby ~Sl. Cullom, Springfielil. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 R. W. Dunham, Chicago. 
 William E. Mason, Chicago. 
 A. J. Hopkins, Aurora. 
 Thomas J. Henderson, Princeton. 
 Lewis Pavson, Pontiac. 
 William H. Gest, Rock Island. 
 William 'SI. Springer, Springfield. 
 Joseph G. Cann<:in, Danville. 
 Edward Lane, Hillsboro. 
 R. W. Townshend, Shawneetown. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Daniel AV. ^'oorhees, Terre Haute. 
 
 REPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 Alvin P. Hovey," Mount Vernon. 
 Jonas G. Howard, Jeffersoiiville. 
 C. C. Matson, Greencastle. 
 William D. Bynum, Indianapolis. 
 Joseph B. Cheadle, Frankfort. 
 George W. Steele, JIarion. 
 Benjamin F. Shively, South Bend. 
 
 A. H. Colquitt, Atlanta. 
 
 Henry G. Turner, Quitman. 
 Thomas W. Grimes, Columbus 
 James H. Blount, Macon. 
 Henry H. Carlton, Athens. 
 George T. Barnes, Augusta. 
 
 Charles B. Farwell, Chicago. 
 
 Frank Lawler, Chicago. 
 George E. Adams, Chicago. 
 Robert R. Hitt, Mount Morris. 
 Ralph Plumb, Streator. 
 P. S. Post, Cialesburg. 
 George A. Anderson, (juincy. 
 Jonathan H. Rowell, Bloomington. 
 Silas Z. Landes, M(_)unt Carmel. 
 .Tehu Baker, Belleville. 
 John R. Thomas, Metropolis. 
 
 David Turpie, Indianapolis. 
 
 John H. O'Neall, Washington. 
 W. S. Holman, Aurora. 
 Thomas M. Browne, 'Winchester. 
 James T. Johnson, Rockville. 
 William D. Owen, Logansport. 
 James B. White, Fort Wayne. 
 Frank P. Posev. * 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 William B. Allison, Dubuijue. 
 
 SEN.\T0RS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES 
 
 John H. Gear, Burlington. 
 D. B. Henderson, Dubuque. 
 Daniel Kerr, Grundy Center. 
 Edwin H. Conger, Des !Moines. 
 Joseph Lyman, Council Bluffs. 
 I. S. Struble, Lemars. 
 
 James F. Wilson, Fairfield. 
 
 Walter I. Hayes, Clinton. 
 William E. Fuller, AVest Union. 
 J. B. Weaver, Bloonifield. 
 A. R. Anderson, Sidney. 
 A. J. Holmes, Boone. 
 
 c Resigned January 17, 1889. 
 
 '> Took his seat February 6, 1889. 
 
'2SS 
 
 OONORKSSIONAI. DlKEi'ToKY. 
 
 J. .1. Tngnlls', Atchison. 
 
 K. N. Morrill, Uiawatlia. 
 B \V. rerliiiiH, ()««(■«■>. 
 John A. An.leifon, Manhattan. 
 Sauini-1 K. IVti'rs, Nfwton. 
 
 .laiiifs B. Beck. Lexington. 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 hkxatohs. 
 
 KEl'KK.sESTATIVt>. 
 
 KKXTrCKY. 
 
 SESATOHS. 
 
 )tKPUESKNTATlVJ>. 
 
 William ,1. Stnni', l\>ilta«a. 
 
 \V. ti. llnnt<-r, B\irks\ lUc. 
 
 A (i. Canitli, l.iviiisvilli-. 
 
 \Y C P- l?riMkinri>l^'«'. l-exin'^'ton. 
 
 ai-OTffe M. Thniiuis, Vancohurn. 
 
 H. F. FinU'v, Williamsburg! 
 
 r. H. Phniil), Kiuixiria. 
 
 E. 11. Funston, Tola. 
 ThomaH Kvan. Ti«i><-ka. 
 K. J. Turner, lluxit.-. 
 
 ,T. r. S. RIackhnrn, Vorpailles. 
 
 Polk l^iKoon, Ma<lisonvilU>. 
 A IV MontK'onu'ry. Klizahcthtown. 
 .T.ihn U. CarlisK', Covinjrton. 
 Tames R. MeCrearv, Riclimond. 
 William V. Taulhee, SaylorsviUe. 
 
 I.OT'ISIASA. 
 
 SEXATOKS. 
 
 R T, (iihson, New Orleans. 
 
 nEPRESKXT.\TIVES. 
 
 T. S. Wilkinson, FlaMuemines Parish. 
 
 Ed. J. <iav, Plai|uemine. 
 
 C. Newton, Paslrop. 
 
 Ed. \V. Kohert.son," Raton Konjje. 
 
 Jas. B. Eustis, New Orleans. 
 
 AI. D. Ijigan, New Orleans. 
 N. C. Blanchard, Shreveiiort. 
 S M Kohertson.'' Baton Kov\)!:e. 
 
 EnK»'"e Hal'-, Kllswi.rth. 
 
 Thos. B. Keed, Portland. 
 
 Seth T.. :\Iillikon, Belfast. 
 
 A. P. tioniian, Laurel. 
 
 C'ha-. H. (iihson, Easton. 
 H. W. Knsk, Baltimore. 
 Barnes Compton, Laurel. 
 
 Henry L. Pawes, Pittslield. 
 
 KoheitT. Pavis, Fall Kiver. 
 V \. Collins, Boston. 
 E. U. llavden, Woburn. 
 Will. Con'swell. Salem. 
 E. Burnett, Southboro. 
 Wni. Whitins, Ilolyoke. 
 
 Thoinax W. Palmer, Detroit. 
 .T. L. Chiimian, Detroit. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 SEXATOKS. 
 HEinU>i:XTATlVlvS. 
 
 Will. p. Frye. T.ewiston. 
 
 MAKYLANP. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 UEI'REWEXTATIVES. 
 
 Nelson Dinglev, jr., I.^\viston. 
 Chas. A. Boutelle, Bangor. 
 
 E. K. Wilson, Snow Hill. 
 
 Frank T. Shaw, Westminster. 
 Isidor Uavner, Baltimore. 
 L. E. MeOomas, Hajrerstown. 
 
 M.vss.unirsETTs. 
 
 SESATOUS. 
 KEPKEsKSTATIVt^. 
 
 , .. V. II oar, Worcester. 
 
 MICHKJAN. 
 
 sES.\TORS. 
 KEl'HraKXTATlVl-X. 
 
 ,T L. Chiiiman, Detroit. 
 
 .lames O'Donnell, .Tarkson. 
 
 M II Ford, tirand Kapids. 
 
 .1. K, Whitint;, St. Clair. 
 
 1'. M. Ciitrheon, Manistee. _ 
 
 IL W. Seymour,'- Sault Ste. Mane. 
 
 /■Toole 111* neat DecomlxT ,'), 18Si. 
 
 •John D. Long, llinsihain. 
 Leopol.l Mtirse. Boston. 
 H. C. Lodu'e. Nahaiit. 
 Chas. II. .Mien. Lowell. 
 .John E. Kussell, l.ei.ester 
 F W. Koikwell, Pittslield. 
 
 F. B. Stoekbridce, Kalamazoo. 
 
 E. P. Allen, Vpsilanti. 
 
 .L C. Bnrniws, Kalamazoo. 
 
 M S. Brewer, Pontiae. 
 
 T E. Tarsnev, Fjist Kaginaw. 
 
 p (). Fisher," West Bay City. 
 
 S C MoKelt,' tirnnd Trovers.-. 
 
 rTi«>k Ills wilt Miirc-h 3._iw«. 
 ■IIiUhI liiHvniliprJi. l^ST. 
 
FIFTIETH CONGRESS. 
 MINNE.SOTA. 
 
 289 
 
 D. M. Sabin, Stillwater. 
 
 Thomas Wilson, Winona. 
 J. L. MacDonald, Shakopee. 
 Knute Nelson, Alexandria. 
 
 James Z. George, Carrollton. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John M. Allen, Tupelo. 
 Thomas C Catchings,Vicksburg. 
 C. L. Ander.son, Kosciusko. 
 C. E. Hooker, Jackson. 
 
 F. M. Cockrell, Warrensburg. 
 
 W. H. Hatch, Hannibal. 
 A. M. Dockery, Gallatin. 
 W. Warner, Kansas City. 
 John E. Hutton, Mexico. 
 John M. Glover, St. Louis. 
 R. P. Bland, Lebanon. 
 W. H. Wade, Springfield. 
 C. F. Blooher," St. Josei)li. 
 
 Charles F. Manderson, Omaha. 
 
 J. A. McShane, Omaha. 
 G. W. E. Dorsey, Fremont. 
 
 MISSOURL 
 
 SENATOR.S. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 C. K. Davi,i, St. Paul. 
 
 John Lind, New Uhn. 
 Edmund Rice, St. Paul. 
 
 E. C. Walthall, Grenada. 
 
 James B. ^lorgan, Hernando. 
 F. G. Barry, West Point. 
 Thos. R. Stockdale, Summitt. 
 
 G. G. Vest, Kansas City. 
 
 NEBRASKA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 NEVADA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John p. Jones, Gold Hill. 
 
 REPRESENT.\TIVE. 
 
 William AVoodburn, Virginia City, 
 
 C. H. Mansur, Chillicothe. 
 James N. Burns,'' St. Joseph. 
 J. T. Heard, Sedalia. 
 J. J. O'Neill, St. Louis. 
 M. L. Clardy, Farmington. 
 W. J. Stone, Nevada. 
 J. p. Walker, Dexter. 
 
 A. S. Paddock, Beatrice. 
 Jas. Laird, Hastings. 
 
 W. M. Stewart, Canson Citv. 
 
 Henry W. Blair, ilanchester. 
 L. F. McKinney, Manchester. 
 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John R. McPherson, Jersey City. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 George Hires, Salem. 
 John Kean, jr., Elizabeth. 
 W. W. Phelps, Teaneck. 
 W. McAdoo, Jersey City. 
 
 W. E. Chandler, Concord. 
 J. H. Gallinger, Concord. 
 
 Rufus Blodgett, Long Branch. 
 
 James Buchanan, Trenton. 
 James N. Pidcock, White House. 
 Herman Lehlback, Newark. 
 
 o Elected in place of J. N. Burns, and took his seat February 25, 1889. 
 
 H. Doc. 458 19 
 
 i> Died January 23, 1889. 
 
290 
 
 CUNUKEtJSluNAL UIKKCTUKV. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 MENATOK.S. 
 
 William M. Kvuils, New York City. 
 
 KErRESENTATIVEN. 
 
 Porrv Belmont, Babvlon. 
 
 S. y! Whito, BrooklVii. 
 
 A. M. Blisu, Brooklyn. 
 
 L. S. Bryi-f, New York t'ity. 
 
 S. S. Cox, Now York City. 
 
 T. .\. IMi'rriinan, New York City. 
 
 A. r. Fitch, New York City. 
 
 Ilcnrv Baioii, (io.slicii. 
 
 S. T. 'lloiikiiis, ('al.'ikill. 
 
 Charlos Tnucy," .Mlmny. 
 
 J. N. Mollitl, Chatcaiigay Lake. 
 
 J. S. Slu'riiiaii, I'fica. 
 
 ,1. ,1. Bi'Mi'ii, Syracuse. 
 
 N. \V. Nultinj:, Oswego. 
 
 Ira l>avi'n|iorl, Itatli. 
 
 John (i. Sawyer, .\lhion. 
 
 John B. Welier, Buffalo. 
 
 N. T. Kane,* Albany. 
 
 Kriiiik m.-icock, Svnicn.-ie. 
 
 Felix Campbell, Brooklyn. 
 Peter 1'. ^lahoney, Brooklyn. 
 A. ,1. ('uinniinjrs, New York Citv. 
 T. .1. Caiii|.bell, New York City". 
 F. B. Spiiiola, Stony Brook. 
 W. li. Cocknin, New York City. 
 ^V. (i. Stahlnecker. Ycmkers. 
 John II. Ketchani, Dover Plains. 
 K. AV. (Treentuan, Troy. 
 Geortie West, Ballston Spa. 
 A. X. Parker, Pot.sdani. 
 I>avi(l Wilher, Oneontii. 
 Milton Di- Lano, Canttstota. 
 T. S. Flood, Klniira. 
 (diaries S. Itaker, Hochester. 
 John M. Fari|uhar, Buffalo. 
 W. (4. LaiiUaw, LUicottville. 
 
 NONTII CAROLINA. 
 
 Matt ^V. I{ansom, Weldon. 
 
 Louis C. T-athani, Cireenville. 
 Charles W. McClaniniy, Scotts 
 .Inliii M. Blower, Mount .Airy. 
 John S. Ilender.son, Salisbury. 
 T. D. Johnston, Asheville. 
 
 HKPHBSENT.XTIVKS. 
 
 lill. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 John Sherman, Manslield. 
 
 KKI'KE-SK.ST.vriVES. 
 
 Benjamin Butterworth. Cincinnati. 
 
 K. S. Williams, Trov. 
 
 G. K. Seney, Tillin.' 
 
 James K. Camiiliell, Hamilton. 
 
 William C. ('oo|ier. Mount X'ernon. 
 
 A. C. Thompson, Porl.smoutli. 
 
 J. H. Outhwaite, Columbus. 
 
 C. H. (irosvenor, Athens. 
 
 .7. I>. Taylor, Cambridge. 
 
 F,. B. Taylor, AVarren. 
 
 Martin A. Foran, Cleveland. 
 
 Zebulon B. A'anee, Charlotte. 
 
 F. M. .Simmons, Newbern. 
 .lolm Nicbi^ls, Ixjileinh. 
 \. Rowland, Lumbcrton. 
 W. II. H. Cowles, Wilkeslforo. 
 
 Henrv B. I'avne, Cleveland. 
 
 Charles F.. Brown, Cincinnati. 
 
 S. S. Yo<ler. Lima. 
 
 M. M. Boothmau. Bryan. 
 
 R. P. Kennedy, Bellefontaine. 
 
 Jai't>b R(.>meis. Toledo. 
 
 J. J. Pu^'sley, Ilillsboro. 
 
 Charles P. W'ickham. Norwalk. 
 
 Beriah Wilkins, rhrichsville. 
 
 William McKinley. jr.. Canton. 
 
 (ieorjie W. Crouse, Akron. 
 
 OREGON. 
 
 8KNAT0I18. 
 
 Joseph N. l>ol|.li. I'..rtland. 
 
 John 1 1. Mitchell, Portland. 
 
 KKI'Hi;sENTATTVK. 
 
 Binger Henuanu. Rosebur^i. 
 
 PKNNSYI.V.VNIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 .TanioM P. <'amercin, Harrisbuiv. 
 
 KKPRESKNTATlVhS*. 
 
 v.. S. Osliorne, Wilkesbarnv 
 Charles O'Neill, Philadelphia. 
 William l>. Kelley, Philadelphia. 
 S. I)arlin)!ton, Westchester. 
 Daniel Ennentruut, lieading. 
 
 M. S. tjuay, Beaver. 
 
 W. H. Sow den, .Mlentown. 
 
 John Lynch, Wilkesbarre. 
 
 Fninklin Bound, Milton. 
 
 Ib'ury C. McCormick, WilliamsiHirt. 
 
 LouLsE. Atkinson, MiHiintown. 
 
 ' Elcclwl III siH'ceoil N. T. Kunv; took tils seat Pcocmber 5. 1887. 
 
 ► Dlwl .^cpU'DilKr II. 1S.«T 
 
KIFTIETH CONGKESS. 
 
 291 
 
 John Patton, Curwensville. 
 John Dalzell, Pittt'liurtr. 
 O. L. Jackson, Ni-wcastle. 
 Norman Hall, Sharon. 
 H. H. Bmsham, I'hiladelphia. 
 Samuel J. Randall, Philadelphia. 
 A. C. Harmer, Philadeli.hia. 
 Robert M. Yardley, Doylestown. 
 John A. Hiestand, Lancaster. 
 
 Charles R. Buckalew, P>loomsburg. 
 Charles N. Brunmi, Miiiersville. 
 F. C. Bimnell, Tnnkliannoek. 
 Edward Scull, Somerset. 
 Levi Maish, York. 
 W. McCullofrh, (ireenshurg. 
 Thomas M. Bayne, Allegheny. 
 James T. Maffett, Clarion. 
 William L. Scott, Erie. 
 
 Nelson .\lilricli, I'rovidence. 
 
 lillonK, ISLAND. 
 
 SKN.\TOKS. 
 RBPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Jonathan (.'hace. Providence. 
 
 Henry J. Spooner, Proviilence. 
 
 Warren O. Arnold, (lloucester. 
 
 :M. C. Butler, Edgefield 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESEXTATIVKS. 
 
 Samuel Dibble, Orangeburg, 
 Jame.s S. Cothran, Abbeville. 
 John J. Hemphill, Chester. 
 William Elliott, Beaufort. 
 
 Wade Hampton, Charleston. 
 
 George D. Tillman, Chirks Hill. 
 William H. Perry, (ireenville. 
 (leorge \V, Dargan, Darlington. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Isham G. Harris, ilemphis. 
 
 Roderick R. Butler, Jbiuntain City. 
 John R. Neal, Rhea Springs. 
 James D. Richardson, Murl'reesboro 
 \V. C. Whitthorne, Columbia. 
 P. T. Cxlass, Ripley. 
 
 Richard Coke, Waco. 
 
 Charles Stewart, Hou.ston. 
 
 C. B. Kilgore, Wills Point. 
 
 Silas Hare, Sherman. 
 
 W. H. ('rain, Cuero. 
 
 R. Q. Mills, Corsicana. 
 
 S. W. T. Lanhaui, Weatherfor.l. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 George F. Edmunds, Burlington. 
 
 John AV. Stewart. Midillclmrv. 
 
 REPRESENTATI V KS. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 SENATOR.S. 
 
 H. II. Kiddleberger, Woodstock. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Thomas H. B. Browne, .\ccomac. 
 (George D. Wise, Richmond. 
 J. R. Brown, ^lartinsville. 
 C. T. O'Ferrall, Harrisonburg. 
 Henry Bowen, Tazewell C. H. 
 
 William B. Bate, Nashville. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 L. C. Honk, Knoxville. 
 Benton McMillin, Carthage. 
 J. E. Washington, Cedar Hill. 
 B. A. Enloe, Jackson. 
 James Phelan, Memjihis. 
 
 TEXAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John H. Reagan, Palestine. 
 
 W. H. Martin, Athens. 
 D. B. Culberson, Jefferson. 
 Jo Abbott, Hillsboro. 
 L. W. Jloore, Lagrange. 
 J. D. Sayers, Bastrop. 
 
 Justin S. Morrill, Strafford. 
 William W. (front, llartun. 
 
 John W. Daniel, l^ynchbui-g. 
 
 G. E. Bowden, Norfolk. 
 W. E. (laines, Burkeville. 
 S. J. Hopkins, Lvncbburg. 
 W. H. F. Lee, Burkes Station. 
 Jacob Yost, Staunton, 
 
292 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKOTORY. 
 
 WKST VIKiilNlA. 
 
 SENATOIts. 
 
 Jiiliii K. Koima, Charleston. Charles J. Faulkner, Martin^burg. 
 
 RKI'liESKXTATlVKW. 
 
 Nathan Goff, ClarkshurK. \V. L. Wilson, Charlestown. 
 
 C. r. t^nydfr. Cliarli'ston. C. E. IloK'g, Point l'k"iu«ant. 
 
 WISCOX.SIX. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 I'. SawviT, O^hkosh. J. C. Spooner, Hudson. 
 
 REI'RESEXTATI VE8. 
 
 L. B. Ca.s\v<'ll, Kort Atkin.^on. Richard (iuenther, Onhkosh. 
 
 Rohfrt M. La FoUotto. Mailiaon. Henry Smith, Milwaukee. 
 
 Thomas K. Hudd, (irfont>ay. Charle," B. (.'larke, Neenah. 
 
 O. B. Thonui.s, I'rarie du Chien. N. P. Haugen," River Falls. 
 L Stei)henson, Marinette. 
 
 ARIZONA TKKRITORY. 
 
 IIKI.KUATK. 
 
 Marcus A. Smith, Toniljstone. 
 DAKOTA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Oscar S. Gifford, Canton. 
 IDAHO TERRITORY. 
 
 BELEGATE. 
 
 Fred. T. Dulx)is, Blackfoot. 
 MONTANA TERRITORY. 
 
 nELKGATE. 
 
 .Tos. Iv. Toole, Helena. 
 TERRITORY oF NKW MEXICO. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Antonio Joseph, Ojo Caliente. 
 ITAII TERRITORY. 
 
 1>KLEG.\TE. 
 
 John T. Caine, Salt I-ake City. 
 WASHINGTON TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Chas. D. Voorhees, Colfax. 
 WYOMING TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Joe. M. Carey, Cheyenne. 
 
 uXook bin aeal Jauuary 4, 18S8. 
 
FIFTY-FIRST CONGRESS. 
 
 Mrst session, from December 3, 1SS9, to October 1, 1S90. Second session, from December 1, 1S90, to March 
 
 3, 1S91. 
 
 Vice-President— IjEXi P. Morton, of New York. President.? pro tempore — J. J. Ingalls," of Kansas; 
 Charles F. Manderson, * of Nebraska. Secretary of the Senate— Assos G. ;McCook, of New York. 
 
 Speaker of the House — Thomas B. Reed, of Maine. Clerk of the House— Edward McPherson, of 
 Pennsylvania. 
 
 John T. Morgan, Selma. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Richard H. Clarke, Mobile. 
 William C. Gates, Abbeville. 
 James E. Cobb, Tuskegee. 
 William H. Forney, Jacksonville. 
 J. Y. MeDuffle, <■ Hayneville. 
 
 James L. Pugh, Eufaula. 
 
 Hilary A. Herbert, ^lontgomery. 
 Louis W. Turpin,f' Newbern. 
 John H. Bankhead, Fayette. 
 Joseph Wheeler, Wheeler. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 James K. Jones, Washington. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 James H. Berrv, Bentonville. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Lewis E. Featherston, <' Forest Citv. 
 Thomas C. McRae, Preseott. 
 S. W. Peel, Bentonville. 
 
 CALIFORNIA. 
 
 C. R. Breckinridge, f Pine Bluff. 
 John H. Rogers, Fort Smith. 
 W. H. Cate,? Forest City. 
 
 Lelaud Stanford, San Francisco. 
 
 George Hearst,'' San Francisco. 
 
 John J. De Haven, ' Eureka. 
 Joseph ^IcKenna, Suisun. 
 T. J. Clunie, San Francisco. 
 T. J. Gearv.J Santa Rosa. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 COLORADO. 
 
 Clarion Biggs, Gridley. 
 
 W. W. ^Morrow, San "Francisco. 
 
 W. Yandever, San Buenaventura. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Henrv :M. Teller, Central Citv. E. O. Wolcott, Denver. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Rosea Townsend, Silver Cliff. 
 
 <• Resigned Februarv 19. 1891. 
 h Elected March 2. 1891. 
 c Took his seat June 4. 1890. 
 rt Unseated June 4. 1890, by MeDuffie. 
 ••Took his seat March 5. 1890. 
 
 /Seat declared vacant September 5. 1890, accotmt death of 
 J. M. Clayton, successful contestant. 
 
 <; Unseated March ,"i, 1890. 
 
 'I Died February 28. 1891. 
 
 i Resigned October 1, 1890. 
 
 J Took his seat December 9, 1890. 
 
 293 
 
2 ^.14 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL UIRKCTORV. 
 CONNECTICl'T. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Orvilli' II. I'liitt. Mcriilen. 
 
 William K. Simimd.-, Canton. 
 C. \. Ruttt'ell, Killintily. 
 
 REPnESENT.\TIVKS. 
 
 nKI..\\V.\KK. 
 
 SENATOHS. 
 
 .IiwiOjili K. llaH-lfv. Hartfonl. 
 
 W. V. Will.ox, Clie.-ter. 
 F. Mik'.-, C'hapinvillo. 
 
 Geonie Gray, Ncwciv-itlt 
 
 Anthony Higgins, Wilmington. 
 
 UKrl(K.SKNTAriVE. 
 
 .lolin B. I'enington, Pover. 
 FLORIDA. 
 
 SENATOK-S. 
 
 Wilkinson Call. .laiksoiivilli-. 
 R. II. M. Havid.^on, (.inincy. 
 
 J. K. Hrown, .\llanta. 
 
 Riifus K. lA'stor, Savannah. 
 Charlc.i F. Crisj), Ameiii-us. 
 John 0. Stewart. (iriHin. 
 Jnd.son C. Clenient.-, Rome. 
 Allen D. Candler, Gainesville. 
 
 W. .1. MrConnell,'' Moscow. 
 
 RKI'KRSK.VT.M'IVES. 
 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 RKPHR-iKNTATlVlis. 
 
 IDAHO." 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Samuel Pasco, Monticello. 
 Koliert Bnlloek, Oeala. 
 
 A. H. Colquitt. Atlanta. 
 
 Henrv (f. Turner, tjuitman. 
 Thomas \V. (irimes, CohimhuH. 
 .lames 11. lUount, Maenn. 
 Ilenrv 11. Carlton, .\tliens. 
 (ieorjje T. Barncir, -Vuirusta. 
 
 George L. Shoup. •" Salmon City. 
 
 RKI'RESENT.KTIVE. 
 
 Willisi Sweet.'' ^loseow. 
 
 Charles B. Farwell, Chieago. 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 SES.\T0RS. 
 HKI'RESENT.\T1 V KS 
 
 Abner Taylor, Chieago. 
 William K. Mason, Chicago. 
 Alliert .1. IIn|ikins, .\uri>ra. 
 Thomas .1. Henderson, Princeton. 
 lA'wis K. I'avsoM, I'ontiac. 
 William II. Gest. Rock l.-laml. 
 William M. Springer, Spiinglield. 
 •Toseph G. Cannon. Danville. 
 I'JIward Lane, Ilillslmro. 
 James R. Williams,-^ Carmi. 
 
 IXDIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Daniel W. V..orhee8, Terre Haute. 
 
 KEl'KESENTATlVl->. 
 
 William S. Parrett, Evansville. 
 Jason B. Brown, Seymour, 
 (n-orge W. Coo|mt, Cohnnhus. 
 William D. Bvnnm. Indianaimlis. 
 Jos<-ph B. Cheadle. I'ninkforl. 
 A. N. Martin, BInffton. 
 Benjamin F. Shivelv, South Bi-nd. 
 
 Shelhy M. CuUom, Springfield. 
 
 b'rank Lawler, Chicago. 
 George K. .\dams, Chieago. 
 Robert R. Hitt, Mount Morris. 
 Charles A. Hill, Joliet. 
 Philips. Post, Galesburg. 
 .s.ott Wike, Pittsticld. 
 Jonathan II. Kowell. Bloomini.'ton. 
 Geon-'c W. Fithian. .Newton. 
 William S. Fonnan, N;i.<hville. 
 George W. Smith, Murphysboro. 
 
 I>:ivi(l Tnrpie. Indianapolis. 
 
 John H. ONeall, Washington. 
 William S. Holman. .\nrorn. 
 Thomas M. Browne. Winchester. 
 K. V. Brookshin-. Cmwlordsville. 
 William D. Owen, I.ogiuisport. 
 Charles A. O. McClellan, Auburn. 
 
 .AiliiiltK-l.nUy:!. isw. 
 'Tiok tiii-sviil .liiniinry .'>. IWl. 
 . T'">k liN -^'Hi l>('<cmlxT'J». l>^0. 
 
 .iTiH>k tiis>cia liiiimlnr 1. iv.io. , . „„ ..„,. 
 
 rTi«ik 111" vHt l>i-.ciiil«T 1. ttW; olectfii In till vii.«no> 
 iioix.l l.y ilfiiili i>( It. \V. Ti.wnsoiKl. 
 
FIFTY-FIBST CONGRESS. 
 
 295 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 "William B, Allison, Dnhmiue. 
 
 J. H. Gear, Burlington. 
 David B. Henderson, Uulnique. 
 Dan'l Kerr, Grundy Center. 
 E. H. Conger," Des Moines. 
 Joseph R. Reed, Council Hlnffs. 
 I. S. Struble, Lemai's. 
 
 James F. Wilson, Fairfield. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 W. I. Hayes, Clinton. 
 Joseph H. Sweney, Osage. 
 John F. Lacey, Oskaloosa. 
 James P. Flick, Bedford. 
 J. P. Dolliver, Fort Dodge. 
 E. R. Hays, '' Knoxville. 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 J. J. Ingalls, Atchison. 
 
 E. N. :\Iorrill, Hiawatha. 
 Bishop W. Perkins, Oswego. 
 J. A. Anderson, Manhattan. 
 S. R. Peters, Xewton. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 P. B. Plumb, Emporia. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 E. H. Funston, lola. 
 H. Kelley, ■-' Burlington. 
 E. J. Turner, Hoxie. 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 J. C. S. Blackburn, Versailles. 
 J. G. Carlisle,'' Covington. 
 
 William J. Stone, Kuttawa. 
 
 I. H. Goodnight, Franklin. 
 
 Asher G. Caruth, Louisville. 
 
 W. C. P. Breckinridge, Lexington. 
 
 T. H. Paynter, Greenup. 
 
 H. F. Finlev, Williamsburg. 
 
 James B. Beck,' Lexington. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 AV. T. Ellis, Owensboro. 
 
 Alexander B. Montgomery, Elizabcthtowu. 
 
 J. (t. Carlisle,/ Covington. 
 
 James B. McCreary, Richmond. 
 
 J. H. Wilson, Barboursville. 
 
 W. W. Dickerson,!/ Williamstown. 
 
 Randall L. (4il)son, New Orleans. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Theo. S. Wilkinson, Plaquemines Parish 
 A. Price,'' Thibodaux. 
 Charles J. Boatner, Monroe. 
 E. J. Gay, ' Lafourche Parish. 
 
 James B. Eustis, New Orleans. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 H. D. Coleman, New Orleans. 
 
 Newton C. Blanchard, Slireveport. 
 S. M. Robertson, Baton Rouge. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. 
 
 Thomas B. Reed, Portland. 
 Seth L. Milliken, Belfast. 
 
 SENAT<-)RS. 
 
 W. P. Frye, Lewistmi. 
 REPHESENTATIVES. 
 
 Nelson Dingley, jr., Lewiston. 
 C. A. Boutelle, Bangor. 
 
 MARYLAND, 
 
 E. K. Wilson,,/ Snow Hill. 
 
 C. H. Gibson, Ea.ston. 
 Harry Welles Rusk, Baltimore. 
 S. E. Mudd,*' Bryantown. 
 B. H. Compton, ' Laurel. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 A. P. Gorman, Laurel. 
 
 REPRESENT ATI V ES. 
 
 Herman Stump, Belair. 
 
 H. Stockbridge, jr., Baltimore. 
 
 Louis E. McComas, Hagerstown. 
 
 <i Resigned October 3, 1890. » 
 
 hTook his seat Deeember 1. 1890, to fill unexpired term of E. H. Conger, resigned. 
 
 '•Elected in place of Thomas Rvan, resigned, and took his seat December 2, 1889. 
 
 ((Died Mayo, 1S90. 
 
 <■ Elected in place of James B. Beck, decca.sed, and took his seat May 2G, 1890. 
 
 / Resigned to beeonu' United States .Senator May 20, 1890. 
 
 HTook his seat .lunc 30, IWK). 
 
 '' Took his seat December 1. 1889. 
 
 I Died Mav 30. 1890. 
 
 JDied Febniarvai. IS91. 
 
 A-Took his seat U\w\\ 20. 1890. 
 
 ' Unseated March 20, 1890, by s. K. Miidd. 
 
296 
 
 CONOKKSSIUNAL UIKKCTUKY. 
 MASSACHl'SETTS. 
 
 8ENATOUS. 
 
 U. 1.. Dawes, PittxfieW. 
 
 RErRESENTATlVES. 
 
 Cliao. S. Randall, New Hetlfonl. 
 
 J. K. Aiidrow, Itostoii. 
 
 N. 1'. Hunks, Wultliaiii. 
 
 AV. Cdjiswell, SaliMii. 
 
 .1. \V. (.'andlor. linM.kline. 
 
 Kddiicy Walhuf, Kitclilmrj;. 
 
 F. B. Stockbriilpe, Kalamazoo. 
 
 MICHIGAN. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 HEI'KlisKNTATI V Ks. 
 
 J. liOcan Chipnian, IH'Iroit. 
 
 J. O'l'iiniu'll, Jacksciii. 
 
 C'liaili's K. Belknap, (iiand Rapids. 
 
 .Instill R. Wliitin^', St. ("lair. 
 
 Hymn M. Cntclioiin, Maiii.«tct'. 
 
 S, M. Stephenson, Meuominee. 
 
 MINNESOTA. 
 
 SESATOR1. 
 
 C. K. Pavis, St. Pan). 
 
 HEl'RESENIATIVKS. 
 
 Mark 11. UnnncU, Owatonna. 
 
 D. S. Hall, Stewart. 
 
 Solomon (i. Coinstock, Moorhead. 
 
 <;eor(te f. Hoar, Woreester. 
 
 K. A. Morse, Canton. 
 Jos. H. O'Neil, Hoston. 
 H. C. l.odije, Naliant. 
 K. T. (ireenlialjre, Lowell. 
 J. H. Walker, UCreester. 
 F. \V. Rockwell, rittslield. 
 
 .1. McMillan, Detroit. 
 
 lOilwaril r. -Viloii, Ypsilanti. 
 
 Jnlins V. Hnrrows, Kalamaxoo, 
 
 Mark S. Hrewer, I'ontiac. 
 
 Aaron T. Rli.ss, Saginaw. 
 
 Frank \V. Wheeler, West Bay City. 
 
 W. D. Washburn, Minneapolis. 
 
 .lolin Lind, New I'lin. 
 S. I'. Snider, Minneapolis. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 .SENATOR.>S. 
 
 James /. < Jeorjie, Carrollton. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John M. Allen, Tupelo. 
 Thomas C. Catcliinjis, Vickshurp. 
 C. L. Anderson, Kosciusko. 
 Charles E. Hooker, Jack.son. 
 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 E. C. Walthall, Gwnada. 
 
 J. B. Morgan, Hernnmlo. 
 Clark Ix?wis, Cliflonville. 
 Thomas R. .Stockdale, Summit. 
 
 F. M. Cockrell. Warrensburp. 
 
 HK1>KE!<E.NTATIVE.S. 
 
 W. H. Hatch, Hannibal. 
 
 Alex. M. Dockery, (iallatln. 
 
 J. C. Tarsnev, Kansjis City. 
 
 R. H. Norton, Troy. 
 
 Nathan Kiaiik, St. Louis. 
 
 R. P. HIaiid, Lebanon. 
 
 W. H. Waile, Sprinptield. 
 
 R. H. Wliitelaw," Cape (lirardean. 
 
 George (i. Vest. Kansj\s City. 
 
 C. II. Mansur, Chillicotlie. 
 
 R. P. C. Wilson,'- Platte Citv. 
 
 J. T. Heard, Sedalia. 
 
 F. (i. Nieclringhaus, St. Ixiuis. 
 
 W. M. Kinsev, St. I.ouis. 
 
 W. J. .Sl<>ne, N'evada. 
 
 J. P. Walker, ' De.xter. 
 
 MGN'TANA. 
 
 senators. 
 Wilbur K. Sanders, Helena. T. C. Power, Helena. 
 
 KEI'RESENTATIVE. 
 
 Thomas Henrv Carter, Helena. 
 
 •tTixik his si'Hl PwomluT 1, ISW, to lill uiu-xplrfd liTiii (.( .1. P. WnlkiT. ili-ooii,«ed. 
 '■ Tiiek Ills wn\ Defcmbcr 2, lUi^, to UU vacancy cnUM.-<l by death of James Buriiis. 
 ■•Dk-il JiilvJO. 1890. 
 
FIFTY-FIKST CONGBESS 
 NEBRASKA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Algernon f>. Paddock, Beatrice. 
 
 297 
 
 Charles F. Jlanderson, Omaha. 
 
 W. J. Connell, Omaha. 
 
 George W. K. Dorsey, Fremont. 
 
 G. L. Laws," McCook. 
 
 REPRESENT.\T1VES. 
 
 NEVADA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John P. .Tones, Goldhill. W. M. Stewart, Carson City. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Horace F. Bartine, Carson City. 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Henry W. Blair, Manchester. William E. Chandler, Concord. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Alonzo Nute, Farmington. O C. Moore, Nashua. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 Rufus Blo.dgett, Longbranch. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENT ATI V ES. 
 
 C. A. Bergen, Camden. 
 J. A. Geissenhainer, Freehol<l. 
 Charles D. Beckwith, Paterson. 
 AViUiam McAdoo, Jersev Citv. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 John R. McPherson, Jersey City. 
 
 James Buchanan, Trenton. 
 •S. Fowler, Newton'. 
 Herman Lehlback, Newark. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 AVilliaiii M. Evarts, New York City. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 .Tames AV. Covert, Long Island City. 
 
 W. C. Wallace, Brooklyn. 
 
 Thomas F. Magner, Brmiklyn. 
 
 E. J. Dunphy, New York. 
 
 A. J. Cuimnings, '' New York. 
 
 John Quinn, New York. 
 
 A. P. P'itch, New York. 
 
 M. D. Stivers, Middletown. 
 
 C. J. Knapp, Deposit. 
 
 Charles Tracev, Albanv. 
 
 J. H. ]\Iotfitt,"Chateangay Lake. 
 
 James S. Sherman, Utica. 
 
 J. J. Belden, Syracuse. 
 
 Sereno E. Payne,'' .\uburn. 
 
 John Raines, Canandaigua. 
 
 John G. Sawyer, .\l)iion. 
 
 John M. Wiley, ]ia.«t Aurora. 
 
 Felix Campbell, Brooklyn. 
 
 Frank Hiscock, Syracuse. 
 
 John M. Clancy, Brooklyn. 
 C. H. Turner,''' New York. 
 J. H. ^McCarthy, '■ New York. 
 F. B. Spinola, New York. 
 Roswell I'. Flower, New York. 
 W. G. Stahhiecker, Yonkers. 
 J. H. Ketcham, Dover Plains. 
 J. A. Quackenbush, Stillwater. 
 John Sanford, .Amsterdam. 
 F. Lansing, AVatertown. 
 David Wilber,.'' Oneonta. 
 M. De Lauo, Canastota. 
 Thomas S. Flond, Klmira. 
 C. S. Baker, Koclicster. 
 John M. Far(|uhar, Buffalo. 
 AV. G. Laidlaw, ElHcottville. 
 John S. Pindar,!/ Cobleskill. 
 
 "Took his sent December 2. 1889, to fill out unexpired term of James Laird, deceased. 
 
 bTook his seut Decembei 2. IS8H, having been elected to lill vacancy eau.sed by death of S, S. Cox. 
 
 cTook his seat December 2, 1S89. liaviiiK been elected to fill vacancy caused bv death of Ni'Wton \V. Nutting. 
 
 dTook his seat December 9, 1889, to lill unexpired term of F. T. Fitzgerald, wlio resigned November 4, 1889. 
 
 e Resigned .Innuarv 14, 1891. 
 
 /Died April 1. 1891). 
 
 cElectecl to fill unexpired term of liavid \VilV)er, deceased. 
 
298 CONORKSSIONAL DIRKCTORY 
 
 NORTH ("AKOl.INA. 
 
 Zelmlon H. Vanco, ClmrluH 
 
 Tlionms (i. Skiniu'v, Ilartlord. 
 ('. \V. MrC'laiiiiiiy, Srntts Mill. 
 John M. Itrower," Muuiituiiy. 
 J. S. Hfiidoi^'iin. Siilislmry. 
 H. O. Kwart, lU'iuK'ixinville. 
 
 SKNATOIIS. 
 HKI'KBiSKNTATIV KK. 
 
 Malt \V. Kan^'olll, .Niirlhaiiiptini. 
 
 H. p. Cheatham, lleiuUTwin. 
 BiMijaiiiiii II. Hiinii, K(ii-kyini>iiiil. 
 A. Kdwlanil, l.iiiiihiTtciii. 
 Williaiii II. II. ^'mwIcc, Wilkc'-lporo 
 
 NORTH liAKOTA. 
 
 KENATOK»». 
 
 a. A. Pierce, Karpi 
 
 Lviiian K. Casev, Jaiiu-xtown. 
 
 KEl'UHIENTATIVK. 
 
 II. C. Ilansliroii'.'h, Devils Lake. 
 
 John Sherman. MaiisfieM. 
 
 Benjamin Biitterworth, Ciiuimiali 
 
 E. S. Williams. Trov. 
 
 (ieorfxe K. Seiiey, Titlin. 
 
 II. I.. Morev, Hamilton. 
 
 William COooper, Mount Vernon. 
 
 A. ('. ThompHoii, Portsmouth. 
 
 J. II. Outhwaile, Columlius. 
 
 C. II. (irosvenor, .Vtliens. 
 
 Jo.Meph I). Taylor. Cambriil^e. 
 
 Kzra B. Tavlor. Warren. 
 
 T. K. lUirti'.ii, Cleveland. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REI'HKSENTATIVEM. 
 
 OREGON. 
 
 SENATOHS 
 
 Henrv H. l^iyiie. ( levelaml. 
 
 J. A. Caldwell, Cincinnati. 
 
 S. S. Yoder. Lima. 
 
 M. M. Hoothman, Rryan. 
 
 R. P. Kennedy, Pellefontaine. 
 
 William E. Ila'ynes. Fremont. 
 
 Jacob J. Pngsley. IIillslM)ro. 
 
 Charle.-i P. Wickliam, Norwalk. 
 
 James W. (hvens. Newark. 
 
 William Mclvinley, jr., Canton. 
 
 M. L. Hmyser, Wooster. 
 
 John II. Mitchell. Portland. .roseph N. Uolph, Portlan.l. 
 
 UEl'HESENTATIVE. 
 
 Kintjer Herman, Ropeburg. 
 PENNSYLVANL\. 
 
 James I). Cameron, Ilarri.sbnr^ 
 
 HEI'KKSE.STATIVES. 
 
 H. H. BinRham, PhiUulelphia. 
 Hichard Vanx," l'hiladeli)hia. 
 ,1. !■",. Keybnrn,'' Philadi'lphia. 
 S. Itarlinfitoii, Westchester. 
 William Mntehlor, Easton. 
 iM. Prosins, Lanca.ster. 
 E. S. t)sborne, Wilkesbarre 
 J. W. Rife, Mi.ldletown. 
 H. C. McCormick, Williamsport. 
 Louis E. Atkinsi>n, Milllintown. 
 Edward Scull. Somerset. 
 John Dal/ell, Pitlsbun.'. 
 Joseph W. Kav. Waynesbnr^'. 
 William C. Cu'lbertsoli, Cinird. 
 James Kerr, Clcarlield. 
 C. W. Stone. 'Warren. 
 
 KIIODE ISLAND 
 
 M. S. Quay. Reaver. 
 
 C. O'Neill, Phil.idelphia. 
 
 S. J. Randall,'' Philadelphia. 
 A. C. Harmer, Philadelphia. 
 Robert M. Yanlley, Doylestown. 
 
 D. Brimner. Keailinn. 
 
 J \. Scranton, Siranton. 
 James B. Reilly, Pott.sviil.'. 
 RIyri>n B. Wrijiht, Snsiiuehanua. 
 Charles R. Bnckalew. BUiomsburi?. 
 Uni Maish. York. 
 S. A. Crait;. Brookville. 
 Tlionia.-^ M. Payne, Allegheny. 
 C. C. Townsenil. New Brighton. 
 Lewis F. Wal.son,' Warren. 
 W. D. Kellev,.'' I'liila.lelphia. 
 
 Jomithan Chaiv,!' Central Falls. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Nelson W. Aldrich, Providence. 
 N. Dixon, Westerlv. 
 
 KKI-RhStKNTATIVES. 
 
 Henry .1. Spooner, Providence. Warren O. Arnold, ( J louct-ster. 
 
 6Took hlH «-i.t Kvlmiury. Jl, 1K90. • Hii'l Aujtnxl * M« . .............^ Ki-lKiu.. .xpru 
 
 ^TiKik lilR -.HI Dif.inlHr 1, is'io, In nil unrxplr..! (i-rm ct L. h. \\uu«nii. (I.< ..i>.<i. 
 
FIFTY-FIEST CONGRESS. 
 
 299 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 Waile Hampton, Charleston, 
 
 Samuel Dibble, Orangeburg. 
 Jame.s S. Cothran, Alibeviile. 
 James J. Hemphill, ("licHter. 
 William Elliott," Beaufort. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 KKPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 M. C. Butler, Edgefiekl. 
 
 George D. Tillman, Clarks Hill. 
 W. H. Perry, (ireenville. 
 George W. Dargan, Darlington. 
 T. E. Miller,'' Beaufort. 
 
 G. C. Moody, Deadwood. 
 Oscar S. Gifford, Canton. 
 
 William B. Bate, Nashville. 
 
 SOUTH DAKOTA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 HEPKESENTATIVES. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 R. F. Pettigrew, Sioux Kails. 
 J. A. Pickler, Faulkton. 
 
 Ishani G. Harris, Memphis. 
 
 REPRB8ENTATIVE.S. 
 
 A. A. Taylor, Johnson City. 
 H. C. Evans, Chattanooga. 
 James D. Richardson, Murfreesboro. 
 W. C. Whitthorne, Columbia. 
 Rice A. Pierce, Uuion City. 
 
 John H. Reagan, Palestine. 
 
 TEXAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRE8ENTAT1 V ES. 
 
 Charles Stewart, Houston. 
 C. B. Kilgore, Wills Point. 
 Silas Mare, Sherman. 
 William H. Grain, Cuero. 
 Roger Q. Mills, Corsicana. 
 S. W. T. Laubam, Weatherford. 
 
 .Tustin S. Morrill, Strafford. 
 J. W. Stewart, Middlebury. 
 
 John W. Daniel, Lynchburg. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 HE)'RESENTATI VES. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE.S. 
 
 T. II. B. Browne, Arcomac. 
 
 Edumnd Waddill, jr.,'' Henrico County. 
 
 Posey (t. Lester, Floyd. 
 
 C. T. O'Ferrall, Harrisonburg. 
 
 J. A. Buchanan, Abingdon. 
 
 J. M. Langston, « Petersburg. 
 
 WASHINGTON. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 J. B. Allen, Walla Walla. 
 
 L. C. Honk. Knoxville. 
 Benton McMillin, Carthage. 
 J. E. Washington, Cedar Hill. 
 B. A. Enloe, Jackson. 
 James Phelan, <^ Memphis. 
 
 Richard Coke, Waco. 
 
 William H. Martin, Athens. 
 D. B. CulVjerson, Jefferson. 
 Jo Abbott, Hillsboro. 
 L. W. Moore, La (Grange. 
 Joseph D. Sayera, Bastrop. 
 
 < jeorge F. Edmunds, Burlington 
 ^\'illiani \V. Grout, Barton. 
 
 .1. S. Barbour, Alexandria. 
 
 George E. Bowden, Norfolk. 
 E. C. Venable, .'' Petersburg. 
 Paul C. Edmunds, Halifax Cciunty 
 W. H. F. Lee, Burkes Station. 
 H. St. George Tucker, Staunton. 
 George D. Wise,? Richmond. 
 
 W. C. Squire, Seattle. 
 
 REPliKSENTATl VE. 
 
 John L. Wilson, Spokane Falls. 
 
 aOnseated September 23, 1S90. by T. E. Miller. 
 f>T<irik his Heat September 24, 1890. 
 <^l)ie(lJanuary 30, 1891. 
 '(Took his seal April 12,1890. 
 
 e Took his seat September 23, 1890. 
 
 /tjnseated September 23, 1890, by.T. M. LaiiBston, 
 
 ff Unseated April 10. 1890, by E. Waddill, 
 
300 
 
 CONGRKSSIONAL DIRECTORY 
 WEST VIRGINIA. 
 
 SEXATOR8. 
 
 C. J. Faulkner, Martinsburp. 
 
 J. E. Kenna, Charleston. 
 
 REPRESENT.'lTIVES. 
 
 George W. Atkinson, Wheelinj:. 
 ,1. D. -Vlderson, Niilmlas. 
 J. M. Jackson," Parkersburi;. 
 
 WI.SCONSIX. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 J. C. Spooner, llndpon. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Lucien R. Caswell, Fort .\lkinson. 
 Robert M. l.a Folletle, Madison. 
 G. II. Hrickner, SluOioyuaii. 
 O. B. Tlioiua.'^. Trairif du I'liien. 
 M. A. McCord, Merrill. 
 
 AVYoMlXG.rf 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Joseph M. Carey, ' Cheyenne. 
 
 REPRESENT.iTIVE. 
 
 Clarence B. Clark, ' Evanston. 
 ARIZONA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELR5ATE. 
 
 Marcus A. Smith,.'" Tombstone. 
 IDAHO TERRITORY.!' 
 
 DELEOATE. 
 
 Fred T. Du Boi.«, Blackfoot. 
 TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 A. Joseph, Ojo Caliente. 
 UTAH TERRITORY. 
 
 IlKl.E(iATE. 
 
 J. T. Caine, Salt I-ake City. 
 WYO.MING TERRITORY. 'i 
 
 I>ELE«ATE. 
 
 J. M. Carey, Cheyenne. 
 OKLAHOMA TERRITORY'. 
 
 I>K1,E<1ATK. 
 
 Daviil .\. Harvey,' Oklahoma City. 
 
 William L. Wiljaon, Charle.stown. 
 C. B. Smith,'' Parkersbui>;. 
 J. O. rendletou,'' Wheeling. 
 
 P. Sawyer, Oshkosh. 
 
 C Barwig, Mayville. 
 
 I. W. Van .Schaick, Milwaukee. 
 
 C. B. Clark, Neeiiah. 
 
 N. P. Ilaugen, River Falls. 
 
 F. E. Warren, '' Cheyenne. 
 
 •1 fn.ifntort Febrimrv 3. lS9ci. bv C. B. Smith. 'Took his sent Dcccmlxr 1. IMO. 
 
 ^T^<||i lil< Milt Filiniiirv :!, IMiO. /Took Ills scat Jaiiuury fi. 1!S<10. 
 
 fl'iiMiitiil KilirimrvJC.."lsiiO. byiiforBu W. AtkliiMiii; t<«ik i; AtlmilliMl nsa SlaU' ,l\ily .1. tWIO. 
 Ill" .-cHl l-"<brunr'v 21'., ISSO. A AJuiillcd as a Stale July 10. 1890. 
 
 dA.liulUca July 10,1890. 
 
FIFTY-SECOND CONGRESS. 
 
 First session, from December?, 1S91, toAitgusto, 1892. Second session, from December 5, 1892, to March 3, 1893. 
 
 Vice-President. — Levi P. Morton, of New York. President pro tempore of Senate. — Charles F. 
 Majjderson, of Nebraska. Secretary of the Senate.— A. G. McCook, of New York. 
 
 Sjicaker of the House. — Charles" F. Crisp, of Georgia. Clerk of the House.— J Aims Kerr, of Peiin- 
 svlvauia. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 SEN.\T0RS. 
 
 John T. Morgan, Selnia. James L. Pugh, Enfaula. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Richard H. Clarke, Mobile. Hilary A. Herbert, Montgomery. 
 
 William C. Gates, Abbeville. Louis W. Tarpin, Newbern. 
 
 James E. Colib, Tnskegee. J. H. Bankheail, Fayette. 
 
 W. H. Forney, Jacksonville. Joseph Wheeler, Wheeler. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 SKXATORS. 
 
 James K. Jones, Washington. James H. Berry, Bentonville. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William H. Cate, Jonesboro. C. R. Breckinridge, Pine Bluff. 
 
 T. C. Jk-Rae, Prescott. William L. Terrv, Pulaski. 
 
 S. \V. Peel, Bentonville. 
 
 CALIFORNIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Leland Stanford, San Francisco. C. N. Felton, San Francisco. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Thomas J. Geary, Santa Rosa. A. Caminetti, Jackson. 
 
 Joseph McKenna,« Suisun. John T. Cutting, San Francisco. 
 
 Eugene F. Lou<l, San Francisco. W. W. Bowers, San Diego. 
 S. G. Hilborn, b Oakland. 
 
 COLORADO. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 Henry M. Teller, Central City. E. O. Wolcott, Denver. 
 
 REPRESENT.VTIVE. 
 
 Hosea Townsend, Silver Cliff. 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Joseph R. Hawley, Hartford. Orville H. Piatt, Meriden. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Lewis Sperry, Hartford. W. F. Willcox, Chester. 
 
 C. A. Russell, Killingly. R. E. DeForest, Bridgeport. 
 
 a Resigned March 28, 1892. liTook his seat December 5, 1892, to fill vacancy caused by resignation of .Joseph McKenna. 
 
 301 
 
ao2 
 
 CONORESSIONAT, THRKPTORY. 
 DKLAWAKK. 
 
 SKNATOIIS. 
 
 tu'orm> CJray, Newi-astlo. 
 
 Aiilhiiiiy Mi>!);in8, Wiliiiiiiifton. 
 
 KKriiESKXTATIVK. 
 
 John Willianiji Cmisoy, Milfonl. 
 FLORIDA. 
 
 SKNATOU.S. 
 
 SainiU'l I'lisco, Miuiliicllii, 
 S. K. Mallniy, IVnsiicohi. 
 
 A. II Coliinitl, Atliiiitii. 
 
 HKl'lllCSKNTATIVKS, 
 
 (iKOlUilA. 
 SENATORS. 
 
 K Kl'RESKNTATI V hSi. 
 
 Kufns K. l/08tor, Savannah. 
 iMiarlcs V. Crisp, Anu'riciw. 
 1.. K. Livinpiton, .\tliinta. 
 Robert \V. Kverett, Kish. 
 Tliunias K. Winn, Ciwinnclt County. 
 
 George 1.. ."^houii, .'^aliuon. 
 
 lOAHo. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 HErUESKXTATIVK. 
 
 Willis Sweot, Mosi-ow. 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 SKNAToH.-i, 
 
 Wilkinson Call, .lai-ksonville. 
 HoliiTl r.iilloik. Ocala. 
 
 .ToliM H. <Tordon, .Atlanta. 
 
 Henry (i. Turner, (juitnian. 
 Charles L. Mo.-ses, Turin. 
 .Tames II. Ulount, Macon. 
 Thomas (t. Lawson. Katonton. 
 Thomas K. Watson, Thom|ison. 
 
 Kre.l T. Duliois, Hhukfoot. 
 
 Shelliy M. Cullom, Sprinjilield. 
 
 HKI'RESENTATIVES. 
 
 Ahner Taylor, Chicago. 
 A. C. Durliorow, Chicago. 
 A. J. Hopkins, ,\urora. 
 T. .1. Henderson, I'rinceton. 
 Herman W. Snow, Sheldon. 
 Itenjamin T. Calile, Rock Island. 
 William M. Sprini:er, Springlield. 
 Samuel T. Ihisiy, I'rhana. 
 Ivlward Lane, Ilillshoro. 
 James R. Williams, Carnii. 
 
 IXIMAXA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Daniel W. Voorhee.s Terre Haule. 
 
 HKIMU>iENTATlVES. 
 
 W. K. I'arrett, Kvansville. 
 J. H. Hrovvn, Seymour, 
 (ieorge W. Cooper, Columhus. 
 William D. liynuni. lndianapolii<. 
 Daniel Waiiiih, Tipton. 
 
 A. N. Martin, Ulufflon. 
 
 B. F. Shively, South Mend. 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 SKXATOHS, 
 REI-RKSEXTATIVES. 
 
 J. Mc.XuU'V Talmer. SpringlieUI. 
 
 L. F,. Mctiann, Chieagi'. 
 Walter C. Xewberrv, ( liica^i. 
 R. K. Ilitl. Mount "Morris. 
 Ia'w is Steward, I'lano. 
 Philip S. I'ost, tialeshurg. 
 Scott Wike, IMttslield. 
 Owen Seolt, lUoomington. 
 (i. W . Kithian. Newton. 
 W. S. Formaii, Nashville. 
 (ieorge W. Smith, Jlurphysltoro. 
 
 David Tnrpie. IndianajKili.s. 
 
 John L. Hretz, Jasper. 
 William S. Holman, .\urora. 
 Henry C Johnson, Kichmoml. 
 K. V. HriHikshiri', Ciiiwfonlsville. 
 Daviil II. I'atton, Remington. 
 C. A. O. McClellan, Auhurii. 
 
 AVilliain R. .Mtison. Dnhucpu' 
 
 John .1. .S-erley, Hiirlington. 
 D. 11. Ilemlerson. Dulimpic. 
 J. T. Ilaniilton, Cedar Rapids. 
 J. A. T. Hull, Des Moines. 
 Thonui.s Rowmaii, Council Itliiffs. 
 (ieorge I). I'erkiiis, Sioux City. 
 
 Janio.'" F. Wilson, Fairlield. 
 
 Walter I. Haves, I liiilon. 
 W. 11. Ruller, West Cnion. 
 F. ]•'.. White. Wel«ster. 
 James 1'. Flick. Hedfoi.1 
 J. 1". DoUiver, Fort D.-li;.-. 
 
FIFTY-SECOND CONGRESS. 
 
 303 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 Preston B. Plnnili," Kniporia. 
 W. A. Peffer, To|ieka. 
 
 Case Broderick, lloltmi. 
 B. H. Clover, Cainbriilge. 
 John Davis, .Iimotion City. 
 Jerry Simpson, Medicine Lodge. 
 
 KEPRESENTATIVES, 
 
 B. W. Perkins, ''Oswesjo. 
 
 E. H. Fuiislon, lohi. 
 John (t. Otis, Topcka. 
 Wilhani Baker, Lincohi. 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 William Lindsay, <' Frankfort. 
 John G. Carlisle,'' Covington. 
 
 REPRESENT ATrVES. 
 
 William J. Stone, Knttawa. 
 
 I. II. Goodnia:ht, Franklin. 
 
 A. G. Caruth, Lonisville. 
 
 W. C. P. Breckinridjje, Lexington. 
 
 T. H. Paynter, Greenup. 
 
 John H, Wilson, Barhoursville, 
 
 R. L. Ciibson,./' New Orleans. 
 D. Caffery,» Franklin. 
 
 Adolph Meyer, New Orleans. 
 Andrew Price, Thibodaux. 
 C. J. Boatner, Monroe. 
 
 Eugene Hale, Ellsworth, 
 
 T. B. Reed, Portland. 
 Seth L. Milliken, Belfast, 
 
 .\. P. Gorman, Laurel 
 
 Henry Page,'' Princess Anne. 
 Harry W. Rusk, Baltimore. 
 Barnes Comptim, Laurel. 
 J. B, Brown,' Centerville. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 I! El' RESENT ATI V ES. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 J. C. S. Blackburn, Versailles. 
 
 W. T. Ellis, Owensl)oro. 
 
 A. B. Montgomery, Klizabethtown. 
 
 W. W. Dickersoii, Williamstown, 
 
 J. B. IMcCrearv, Richniou'L 
 
 J, W. Kendall, < West Libertv. 
 
 E, D. White, New Orleans. 
 
 Matt D, Lagan, New Orleans. 
 N. C. Blanchard, Shrevcport. 
 S. M. Robertson, Baton Rouge. 
 
 William P. Frye, Lewiston. 
 
 Nelson Dingley, jr., Lewiston. 
 C. A. Boutelle, Bangor. 
 
 C. H. Gibson, Easton, 
 
 Herman Stump, Bel Air. 
 
 I. Rayner, Baltimore. 
 
 W. McMahon McKaig, Cundicrland. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 Henry L, Dawes, Pittslield, 
 
 C, S, Randall, New Bedford. 
 J, F. Andrew, Boston. 
 Sherman Hoar, Walt bam. 
 William Cogswell, Salem, 
 (ieorge F. Williams, Dedbani. 
 F. S. Coolidge. Ashburnham, 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 (Teorge F. Hoar, Worcester. 
 
 Elijah A. Morse, Canton. 
 Joseph H. O'Neil, Boston. 
 Henry C. Lodge, Nahant. 
 Moses T. Stevens, North .\ndover. 
 Joseph H. Walker, Worcester. 
 J. C. Crosby, Pittsfield. 
 
 '■nicrt DiM-omlHT -20, 1R91. 
 
 ''.■\i)I>i>i"U'(l .Iiinunry 1. 1892. <iii nc;'ouiu of deatli of P. B. Plumb; held his seat until legislature met, 
 
 <■ Kleeied 1" (ill vaciiiu'y raused by the resigimtiou of J. G. Carlisle, and took his seat Feoruarv 21, 1893. 
 
 rtResisned Fibruarv 4. 189:1. 
 
 <-Diod March 7, IS92. 
 
 .f Oied December l.'i, 1,S92. 
 
 r/ Appointed to lill \-acancy caused by death of R. L, Gibson, and took his seat .tanuary 14. 189,1. 
 
 /' Resigned to become judge of lirsl judicial district of Maryland, 
 
 'Took his seal December h, 1892, to till vacancy caused by resignation of Henry Page. 
 
304 
 
 0ONORES!5lU> AL UIKECTORY. 
 MICHIGAN. 
 
 F. R. Stockbridge, Kaliiniuzoo. 
 
 SKNATORS. 
 
 KEPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 J. I.opan Chipmnn, Pptioit. 
 Jiiine.x O'Diiiincll, Jiu-ksnii. 
 C. K. Belknap," (iraml Kapiils. 
 .1. K. VVhitiii^r. St. (.'lair. 
 Harrison M. Wlu'i-lcr, Lnilinjirtiin. 
 S. M. tjtcplienson, Menominee. 
 
 C. K. Pavii^. St. Paul. 
 
 \\'. II. Harries, C'aleilonia. 
 O. .\t. Hall, Ue.l Win;;. 
 K. Halvorson, North Fork. 
 
 James 'L. George, Carrollton. 
 
 John M. Allen, Tupelo. 
 T. I', t'atiliinirs, Vickslmrjr. 
 J. 11. Reeniaii, Kley. 
 Charles E. Hooker, Jackson. 
 
 F. M. Coekrell, Warrensburj;. 
 
 William H. Hatch, Hannil)al. 
 A. M. Poikery. Callatin. 
 J. C. Tarsnev, Kansas Citv. 
 R. H. Nnrlo'n, Troy. 
 Seth W. ('(.Iih, ,<l. l,onis. 
 K. 1'. Rlaiul, Lehanon. 
 Robert W. Fyan, MarshtieM. 
 
 Wilbur F. Sanders, Helena. 
 
 MINNESOTA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 RKI-RK-iKXTATlVKS. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 SKS.VTORS. 
 REPRESE.NTATIVE-S. 
 
 ML^SOrRI. 
 
 SEN.VTORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 MONTANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 James McMillan, Detroit. 
 
 James S. (inrman, Chelsea. 
 Julius C. Burrows, Kalamazoo. 
 B. U. Stout. Pontiac. 
 Henrv .M. Youmans, Saginaw. 
 T. A."E. WcaJock. Bav Citv. 
 
 William D. Washburn, Minneapolis. 
 
 John Liml, New I'lm. 
 James N. Castle, Stillwater. 
 
 Edward C. Walthall. Grenada. 
 
 John C. Kyle, .Sardis. 
 Clarke Lewis, Miicon. 
 T. R. Stockdale, Summit. 
 
 George <J. Vest. Kansas City. 
 
 C. H. Mansur, Chillicothe. 
 K. P. C. Wilson. Platte Citv. 
 Jolin T. Heanl. Sedalia. 
 J. J. (t'Neill. St. Louis. 
 Samuel Bvrus, I'otosi. 
 I). A. DeArmond. Butler. 
 Marshall Arnold, Benton. 
 
 T. (.'. Power, Helena. 
 
 A. S. Paddock, Beatriiv. 
 
 W. J. Bryan, Lincoln. 
 O. M. Kem, Broken Bow. 
 
 W. W. Dixon, Butte City. 
 NKBR.VSKA. 
 
 SENATXIRS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 C. F. Manderson, (^niaha. 
 
 W. .\. McKeiichan. Red Cloud. 
 
 oTiwk hiM scat Dcci-mlKT 7. liwi, havliiii been elected lii place o( M. Ford, deceased. 
 
FIFTY-SECOND CONGRESS. 
 NEVADA. 
 
 .SENATOR.S. 
 
 Jnlm 1*. .Tones, (Mildliill. AV. M. Stewart, Carson City. 
 
 UF.rRKSENTATIVE. 
 
 Horace F. Bartiiie, Carson City. 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 SKNA'rORS. 
 
 William E. Chandler, Cimcord. .Tohn II. (lallinger, Coneonl. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 h. F. McKinney, ^lani'lie.iter. W. F. Daniell. Franklin. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SKNATORS. 
 
 Rnfns Blodgett, Long Branch. .John K. Ak-Pherson, .Tersey City. 
 
 HKPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 305 
 
 C. A. Bergen, Camden. 
 J. Geissenliainer, Freehold. 
 C. A. Cadmn.s, Paterson. 
 E. F. McDonald," Harrison. 
 
 James Buchannan, Trenton. 
 Samuel Fowler, Newton. 
 T. D. English, Newark. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 Frank Hiscock, Syracuse. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 1). B. Hill, Klniira. 
 
 REPRESENT ATI VES. 
 
 James W. Covert, Long Island City. 
 William J. Coombs, Brooklyn. 
 Thomas E. Magner, Brooklyn. 
 Edward J. Dunphy, New York. 
 Amos J. Cummings, New York. 
 J. De "Witt Warner, New York. 
 A. P. Fitch, New York. 
 Ilenrv Bacon, Coshen. 
 1. X. 'Co.x, EUenville. 
 Charles Tracev, Allianv. 
 J. M. Wever, "Plattslnii-g. 
 H. W. Bentley, Boonville. 
 J. J. Belden, Syracuse. 
 S. E. Payne, Auburn. 
 John Raines, Canandaigna. 
 James W. Wadsworth, (iene.see. 
 T. L. Bunting, Hamlmrg. 
 
 A. C. Chapin,'' Brooklyn. 
 J. M. Clancy, Brooklyn. 
 J. R. Fellows, New Y'ork. 
 T. J. Campbell, New York. 
 W. B. Cockran, c New York. 
 J. J. Little,'' New York. 
 W. G. Stahlnecker, Yonkers. 
 J. H. Ketcham, Dover Plains. 
 J. A. Quackenliush, Stillwater. 
 John Sanford, .\msterdam. 
 Newton M. Curtis,' Ogdensbnrg. 
 (ieorge Van Horn, Coojierstowu. 
 G. W. R;iv, Norwich. 
 H. H. Rockwell, KImira, 
 H. S. Greenleaf, Rochester. 
 D. N. Lockwood, Buffalo. 
 W. B. Hooker, Fredonia. 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 Matt W. Ransom, Weldon. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 W. A. B. Branch, Washiniiton. 
 
 B. F. Gradv, Wallace. 
 
 A. H. A. Williams, Oxford. 
 
 J. vS. Henderson, Salisbury. 
 
 William T. Crawford, Waynesville.. 
 
 Zebulon B. Vance, Charlotte. 
 
 II. P. Cheatham. Henderson. 
 B. H. Bunn, Kocky .Mount. 
 S. B. Alexander, Charlotte. 
 W. H. H. Cowles, Wilkesboro 
 
 a Died November 5, 1S92. 
 
 >> Elected to succeed D, A. Bnoilv, who resigned October 13, 1891; resigned November 10. 1S9'J. 
 
 1^ Tools his seat December 7. isiil. liiiving been elected in place of P. B. Spinola, who died April 13, IS91. 
 
 rtToofc his seat December 7, 1891, liaving been elected to succeed R. P. Flower, who resigned Septemlicr 16, 1891, 
 
 eTook his seat December 7, 1891, having been elected to succeed L. W. Russell, who resigned September 11, 1891. 
 
 H. Doc. 458- 
 
 L'O 
 
306 
 
 CON(iKESS10NAL DIBKCTOBY. 
 
 Lviiirtii K. ("asey, .Taincslown. 
 
 XOKTU DAKOTA. 
 
 SENATORS. ., , 1 
 
 Ilciiry ('. IlaiiHbrougli, Devils I^ke. 
 kp:i"ub.sentativk. 
 MKrtin N. Johnpin, I'ltiTsliiir;.'. 
 
 .lolin Shi^nnan, ManslicM. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 SKNATi;KS. 
 HKI'UKSKSTATIVKS. 
 
 Bellamy Storcr, Cincinnati. 
 (ieiiiWW. Honk, DaytDM. 
 T c'^Lavtoii, Wapaknni'ta. 
 NVillianiK. llaynes, Kn-inont. 
 JosL-ph U.Outliwaito, Columbus. 
 .1. M. Pattison, Milfmil- 
 Irvine Duntran, .lackson. 
 M. D. llarter, .Manflield. . 
 
 \. .1. I'earsciii, Wuodelielil. 
 
 K. B. Taylor, Warren. 
 
 T. L. Johnson, Cleveland. 
 
 C. S. Brire, l.inia. 
 
 .I.jhn A. Caldwell, Cincinnati. 
 M. K. tiantz, Troy. 
 
 D. D. Donovan, DeshU-r. 
 
 D D. Hare, Upper Sandusky. 
 RolKTt K. Doan, Wilminjtton. 
 \V. H. KnocliH, Iroiiton. 
 James W.Owens, Newark. 
 J.G. Warwick," Ma.-sillon. 
 J. D. Tavlor, Caml)rid);e. 
 V. A.Tiivlor, Bedford. 
 I,. ]'. Ohii;.'er,'' Woonter. 
 
 OKKGON. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John H.Mitrhell, Portland 
 
 .losepli N. Dolph, I'ortland. 
 
 HKI'KESE.NTATIVK 
 
 Binger Hermann, Rosel 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 M. S. Quay. Beaver. 
 
 KKI'KESKNTATIVKS. 
 
 11 11 Binsrham, Philadelphia. 
 William Mi'Aleer, Pliila<lelphm. 
 A C. Harmer, Philadeljihia. 
 Edwin Hallowell. Willowgrove. 
 D. D. Brunner, Keadiiig. 
 T, Amerinan, Seranton. 
 .lames B. Ueillv, Pott^ville. 
 Mvron B.Wright, Suscjiiehanna 
 
 S."P. Wolverton, Suiibnry. 
 
 F E Beltzhoover, Carlisle. 
 
 (i.K. Huff, (ireensburg. 
 
 W. A. Stone, Alleghen>;. 
 
 E. P. < iillespie, < ireeiiviUe. 
 
 ciiarles W. Stone, Warren. 
 
 W. A.Sipe,'- l'itt.«l)urg. 
 
 mrg. 
 
 J. D. Cameron, Harrisburg. 
 
 Charles O'Neill, Phiiad.li.hia. 
 John E. Keyburn, Philadelphia. 
 J B. Kobinson, Media. 
 William Mutehler, Eastoii. 
 M. Brosius, Laiuaster. 
 (4eort.'e W.Shonk, Plymnnth. 
 John W.Kife, Middleto«n. 
 
 A C. Hopkins, lAnkhaven. 
 
 L. E. Atkinson, Millbntown. 
 
 Kdward Siull, Somei-sct. 
 
 John Dalzell, Pittsbur).'. 
 
 A. K.Craij:,'' Pittsburg. 
 
 M. (iriswold, Erie. 
 
 (t. F. Kribbs, Clarion. 
 
 KllolU, ISLAND. 
 
 SKSATOlf-. 
 
 N. K. Dixon. Westerly. 
 
 N \V. Al<lrirh, Providence. 
 
 KKl'KI'-SENTATlVE.s. ..... 
 
 C H Page, South Scituate. 
 O.-car Laphani. Providence. 
 
 SOUTH CAKOLIN.V. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Matthew C. Bntler, Kdgctield. 
 
 \V H. Brawlev, Charleston, 
 (ieorge Johnstone, Newberry. 
 John J. Hemphill, Chester. 
 William Elliott, Beaufort. 
 
 REI'RKNENTATlVI-> 
 
 J. L. M. lihy, Lann'ns. 
 
 (ieorge D. Tillman, (larks Hill, 
 (ieoive W. Shell, 1-miens _ 
 F T Staekliouse,'^ Little hocK. 
 J ' L MeLauriu, .' Marlboro County. 
 
 ^?i^:i^;Kl.'i^>lS«rS, ,892, U,fln vacancy ...u,... Uv ..c < ... C W,.r«.cL. 
 
 :,V,:^ 111: zna k;:::;^^.^ »..■' •"-» ^"'^ «• •««■ 
 
FIFTY-SECOND CONGKESS. 
 
 307 
 
 R. F. Pettigrew, S^ioiix Falls. 
 John L. Jolley," Vermillion. 
 
 Isham (t. Harris, Memphis. 
 
 SOUTH DAKOTA. 
 
 SEN .\ TORS. 
 BEPRESKNT.^TIVES. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 SEN'.\ri)HS. 
 
 A. A. Taylor, Johnson City. 
 
 H. C. Snodgrass, Sparta. 
 
 J. D. Richardson, Murfreesboro. 
 
 N. N. Cox, Franklin. 
 
 Rice A. Pierce, Union City. 
 
 Richard ( ^oke, Waco. 
 R. g. Mills,! Corsicana. 
 
 Charles Stewart, Houston. 
 C. B. Kilgore, Wills Point, 
 Joseph \V. Bailey, Gainesville. 
 William H. Crain, Cuero. 
 R. Q. Mills, f Corsicana. 
 S. W. T. Lanhani, Cameron. 
 
 J. S. Morrill, Strafford. 
 H. H. Powers, Morrisville. 
 
 John W. Daniel, Lynchburg. 
 J. S. Barbonr,''' Alexandria. 
 
 William A. Jones, Warsaw. 
 George D. Wise, Richmond. 
 Posey G. Lester, Floyd. 
 C. T. O'Ferrall, Harrisonburg 
 J. A. Buchanan, Abingdon. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 HEPHESENTAl'IVES. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 SE.V.VroRS. 
 HEI'HESK.NTATIVES. 
 
 WASHINGTON. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John B. Allen, Walla Walla. 
 
 J. H. Kyle, Aberdeen. 
 John A. Pickler, Faulkton. 
 
 William B. Bate, Xashville. 
 
 ItHPKESENTATIVES. 
 
 TEXAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 J. C. Houk,* Knoxville. 
 Benton McMillin, Carthage. 
 .Toseph E. Washington, tVdar Hil! 
 B. A. Enloe, Jackson. 
 Josiah Patterson, Memphis. 
 
 Horace Chilton,'' Tyler. 
 
 John B. Long, Palestine. 
 
 D. B. Culberson, Jefferson. 
 Jo Abbott, Hillsboro. 
 
 L. W. Moore, Lagrange. 
 Joseph D. Sayers, Bastrop. 
 
 E. Leroy Antony,./' Cameron. 
 
 Redtield Proctor,* Proctor. 
 W. \V. Grout, Barton. 
 
 Eppa Hunton, ' Warrcnton. 
 
 John W. Lawson, Isle of Wight. 
 James F. Epes, Blackstone. 
 Paul C. Edmunds, Halifax. 
 E. E. Meridith,./ Brentsville. 
 H. St. (Tcorge Tucker, Staunton. 
 
 Watson C. Squire, Seattle. 
 
 KEPRESE.NTATIVE. 
 
 John L. Wilson, Spokane. 
 
 aEIectert in the place of J. R. Gamble who died August IJ, 1891, and took his seat December 7, 1891. 
 '' Elected to till the vacancy caused by the death of L. C. Houli (his fatherl, who died May 25, 1891. and took his seat 
 December 7, 1891. 
 (^Took his seat March 30, 1S92. 
 'i Appointed to fill vacancy until legislature met. 
 e Resigned March 29, 1S92. 
 
 /Took his .seat July 28, 1892, to fill vacancy caused by resignation of R. Q. Mills. 
 
 sElected in place of George F. Edmunds, who resigned November 1, 1891. Took his seat Dec'eniher 7 1891 
 ADied May 1-1, 1892. 
 
 • Appointed in place of J. S. Barbour, deceased. Took his scat June 1, 1892. 
 jElected to fill vacancy caused by death of W. H. F. Lee, who died October l.^i, 1S91, and took bis seat December 7, 1891. 
 
308 
 
 CONOKESSIUNAL DIRKCTURY. 
 WEST VlKlilNIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 C. .1. Faulkner, Martinslmrtr. 
 .Tiihn E. Koiina," Charleston. 
 
 .1. O. Pendleton, Wlu-elinu'. 
 .lolin D. Aldei-son, Nicholas. 
 
 Philetus Sawyer, Oshkosh. 
 
 HEPKE8EXT.VTIVE.S. 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Clinton Babbitt, Beloit. 
 A. K. Hnshni'll. JIailison. 
 G. II. Brickner, Sheboygan. 
 Frank P. Cobiirn. We.-Jt Salem. 
 Thomas Lynch, Autigo. 
 
 WYOMING. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Joseph M. Carey, Cheyenne. 
 
 REPRESENTAIIVK. 
 
 Clarence 1>. Clark, Evanston. 
 ARIZONA TERRITORY. 
 
 DEUEOATE. 
 
 Marcns A. Smith, Tombstone. 
 TERRITORY ()F NEW MEXICO. 
 
 l>ELEliATK. 
 
 Antonio .loseph, Gjo Caliente. 
 OKLAHOMA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 David A. Harvey, Oklahoma City. 
 UTAH TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 John T. Caine, Salt Lake City. 
 
 J. N. Camden,'' Parkersburg. 
 
 William L. Wilfion, Charleston. 
 James Caiiehart. Mason County. 
 
 William F. Vila.", Madison. 
 
 Charles liarwig, Mavville. 
 J. L. Mitchell. Milwaukee, 
 Lucas M. Miller, Oshkosh. 
 N. P. Ilau<ren, River Falls. 
 
 Francis E. Warren, Cheveune. 
 
 "Died January 11, 1893. 
 
 l>Took his sent .Iimuary 28, 1893. 
 
FIFTY-THIED CONGRESS. 
 
 First se.i.tinn, from August 7, 1893, to November 3, 1893. Second session, from December 4, 1893, to August 
 JS, 1894. Third se.<'.von, from December 3, 1894, to March 3, 1895. 
 
 Vice-President — Adlai E. Stevenson, of Illinois. Presidents pro tempore — Isham G. Hakkis," of 
 Tennessee; Matt W. Ransom,' of North Carolina. Seaetary of the Senate — William R. Cox, of 
 North Carolina. 
 
 Speaker of the House — Charles F. Ckisp, of Georgia. Clerk of the House — James Kerr, of Penn- 
 sylvania. 
 
 John T. ^lorgan, Selma. 
 
 Richard H. Clarke, Mobile. 
 George P. Harrison, '' Opelika. 
 James E. Cobb, Tuskegee. 
 William II. Denson, Gadsden. 
 Louis W. Turi>in, Newbern. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 senators. 
 representatives. 
 
 James K. Jone.'-, Washington. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 senators. 
 
 REI'RESENTATIVES. 
 
 Philip D. McCuUoch, Marianna. 
 Thomas C. McRae, Prescott. 
 H. A. Dinsmore, Fayetteville. 
 Clifton R. Breckinridge, « Pine Bluff. 
 
 James L. Pugh, Eufanla. 
 
 Jesse F. Stallings, Greenville. 
 Gaston A. Robbins, Dallas County. 
 John H. Bankhead, Fayette. 
 Joseph Wheeler, Wheeler. 
 William C. Gates,'' Abbeville. 
 
 .Tames II. Berry, Beutonville. 
 
 John S. Little,.'' Greenwood. 
 William L. Terry, Little Rock. 
 Robert Neill, Batesville. 
 
 George C. Perkins,? Oakland. 
 
 Thomas J. Geary, Santa Rosa. 
 W. B. English,/'" Oakland. 
 Eugene F. Loud, San Francisco. 
 W. W. Bowers, San Diego. 
 
 CALIFORNIA. 
 
 senators. 
 represbnt.\tives. 
 
 S. M. AVliite," Los Angeles. 
 
 A. Caminetti, Jackson. 
 
 James G. Maguire, San Francisco. 
 
 Marion Cannon, Ventura. 
 
 Henry M. Teller, Central City. 
 
 Lafe Pence, Denver. 
 
 Joseph R. Hawley, Hartford. 
 
 Lewis Sperry, South Windsor 
 Charles A. Russell, Killingly. 
 
 COLORADO. 
 
 SEN.\TOKS. 
 
 representatives. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 senators, 
 representatives. 
 
 E. O. \\'(jli'ott, Den\-er. 
 John C. Bell, Montrose. 
 
 Orville H. Piatt, Meriden. 
 
 James P. Pigott, New Haven. 
 Robert E. DeForest, Bridgeport. 
 
 <t Elected August 8. 1893. 
 
 t> KU't'lefl .lutniary 7, 1x95. 
 
 '■KK'Cttfi in jilarf of William C, Oatcs, ri'signeil. ami took his seat December 3, 1894. 
 
 '( Resigned .Vugusi 2s, 1.H94. 
 
 i- Resigned August 14, 1894. 
 
 f Kleoted in place of C R. Breek'-inridge, and took his seat December 3. 1894. 
 
 9 Took his seat August 8. 1893. 
 
 'iTook his seat April 4, 1894. 
 
 309 
 
*no 
 
 liiN<il{KS8IONAL DIRKCTOKY. 
 
 (it'or^'i' tiniv, Ncwin.-'tli'. 
 
 DKLAWAKi:. 
 
 NKN ATOR8. 
 
 Anthony IIii;>;ins, U'ilniini'ton. 
 RKPRKSBNTATIVK. 
 
 John \V. ("auKey, Milford. 
 FLORIDA. 
 
 Siinnu'l l'ii«'(i, Mimtici'llo. 
 
 S. K. Mulliiiv, IVnsacdla. 
 
 A. H. Colquitt," Atlanta. 
 Patrick Walsh,'' Allf.Ml^'t:l. 
 
 8ENATORH. 
 
 REPRRSRNTATI V RN. 
 
 (iK()K(;lA. 
 
 SKNAloKfi. 
 
 UKI'RKSKNTATIVK 
 
 Hufus K. I-i'StiT, Savannah. 
 Charles I'". Crisp, Anu-ricns. 
 lA'oniihis K. Livingston, Kings, 
 .lohn \V. Maililox, Rome. 
 F. C. Tati', .la-spi-r. 
 lli'iiry (t. Turner, Ciuitnian. 
 
 Wilkinson Call, .larksonville. 
 
 Charles >L Cooper, .lackHnnville. 
 
 ,Iohn B. (Jonlon, .Vtlanta. 
 
 Benjamin 10. Russell, Bainbrui^ 
 Charles L. Closes, Turin. 
 Thomas H. Cabaniss, Forsyth. 
 Thoma.s (i. Lawson, Katonton. 
 .lames C. C. Blaek, .\ngusta. 
 
 lliAllil. 
 
 SKNATORK. 
 
 (ieorge I.. Slion|i. .'<:ilnion City. 
 
 UK1'RK<KNTATIVK. 
 
 Willis Sweet, Moscow 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 SKNATOHS. 
 
 Shelliy M. CulloTii, Springfield. 
 
 I! K I'KKSRNTATl V |.>i. 
 
 An<lre\v .L Hunter, Paris. 
 Ijiwrenee K. Mciiann. Chicago, 
 .lulius (ioldzier, Chicago. 
 Robert R. Ilitt, Mount Morris. 
 Robert A. Chilils, Hinsdale. 
 P. S. Post.'tialesburg. 
 .lohn .1. McDannold, Mount .<teriing. 
 Reiijamin F. Funk, BliMnnington. 
 (ieorge W. Kithian, Newton. 
 William S. Forman, Nashville. 
 George W. Smith, Murpliysboro. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 SKN MORS. 
 
 Daniel W. Voorhee.s, Terre Haute. 
 
 HKl'KKSKNTATIVKS. 
 
 .\rthur H. Taylor. Indianapolis. 
 .Tat«>n B. Brown, Seymour. 
 George W. Cooper, Columbus. 
 William D. Bynum, Indianaixilis. 
 Dan Waugh, Tipton. 
 A. N. Martin, Bhif(t.>n. 
 Charles U. Conn, Klkhart. 
 
 i'l-eil T. Dulxiis, Bla<'kli>ot. 
 
 .1. Me.Vuley Palmer, Spriuglieltl. 
 
 .1. Frank Aldrieh, Chicago. 
 .\. C. Durborow, Chicago. 
 A. .1. Hopkins, .\urora. 
 Thomas J. Henderson. Princeton. 
 Hamilton K. Wheeler. Kankakee. 
 Benjamin F. Marsh, Warsaw. 
 William M. Springer, Springtield. 
 .Io.sei>h G. Cannon, Danville. 
 Fdward l,ain', Ilillsboro. 
 .Tames R. Williams, Carnii. 
 .1. C. Black,'' Chicago. 
 
 !>aviil Turpie, Indianapolis 
 
 John I.. Brctz, Ja.sper. 
 William S. Ilolman, .Aurora. 
 Henry V. Johnson. Richmond. 
 E. V. Brookshire, Cniwfordsville. 
 Thomas Hammond, Ilannnond. 
 William F. McNagny, Columbia City. 
 
 oDlwl Miin-h-.>fi, 18«H. 
 
 ''Took Ills Htilt April II, 1M<M. Imvilik' t«'i-n ii|>|h>IiiIi'<I lo lUI llli' vm'niliy iiiumkI I.v Iho <li'«tli of A II. Colquitt. 
 
 <-|)lc.l .liiiiimry fi. IS'.i'i. 
 
 •* Itesljfui'il Juiiuury I'J. 1>*'.»,S. 
 
FIFTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 
 
 311 
 
 William B. Allison, Dubuque. 
 
 John H. Gear, Burlington. 
 E). B. Henderson, Dubuque. 
 Robert G. Cousins, Tipton. 
 J. A. T. Hull, Des Moines. 
 A. L. Hatter, Greentiel<l. 
 Georfce D. I'erkins, Sioux City. 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 SKN.ATORS. 
 RKPRESENTATI V EH. 
 
 William A. I'effer, Topeka. 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William Baker, Lincoln. 
 William A. Harris, Linwood. 
 H. L. Moore," Lawrence. 
 Charles Curtin, Topeka. 
 Jerry Simpson, Medicine Lodire. 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 J. V. S. l')lai'kliurn, N'ersailles. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William J. Stone, Kuttavva. 
 
 I. H. Goodnight, Franklin. 
 
 A. G. Caruth, Louisville. 
 
 W. C. P. Breckinridge, Lexington. 
 
 Thomas H. Pajjnter, '' (Jreenup. 
 
 Silas Adams, Liberty. 
 
 James F. Wilson, Fairfield. 
 
 Walter I. Hayes, Clinton. 
 Thomas Updegraft, McGregor. 
 John F. Lacey, Oskaloosa. 
 W. P. Hepburn, Clarinda. 
 J. P. Dolliver, Fort Dodge. 
 
 John Martin, Topeka. 
 
 Case Broderick, Holton. 
 T. J. Hudg(m, Fredonia. 
 J(jhn Davis, Junction City. 
 Edward Funston, '' lola. 
 
 William Lindsay, Frankfort. 
 
 William T. Ellis, Owensbom. 
 
 A. B. Montgomery, Elizabethtown. 
 
 A. S. Berry, Newport. 
 
 James B. McCreary, Richmond. 
 
 W. M. Beckner,'' Winchester. 
 
 Marcus C. Lisle, « Winchester. 
 
 Donelson Caffery, .'' Franklin. 
 E. D. White,!/ New Orleans. 
 
 N. C. Blauchard, ' Shreveport. 
 Robert C. Davev, New Orleans. 
 H. W. Ogden.J Benton. 
 S. M. Robertson, Baton Rouge. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Eugene llalc, F.llsworth. 
 
 Thomas B. Reed, Portland. 
 Seth L. Milliken, Belfast. 
 
 Arthur P. Goriuau, J>aurel. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 KEPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 W. L. Henry, ^ Cambridge. 
 
 Harrv \A'. Rusk, Baltimore. 
 
 C. E." Coffin, ' :\Iuikirk. 
 
 Robert F. Bratton,'" Princess Anne. 
 
 N. C. Blancliard,* Shreveport. 
 
 Adolph Meyer, New Orleans. 
 Andrew Price, Thibodeaux. 
 C. J. Boatner, Monroe. 
 
 William P. Frye, Lewiston. 
 
 Nelson Dingley, jr., Lewiston. 
 C. A. Boutelle, Bangor. 
 
 Charles Hopper Cjibson, Easton. 
 
 J. F. C. Talbott, Towson. 
 
 Isidor Ravner, Baltimore. 
 
 William McMahon McKaig, Cumberland. 
 
 Barnes Compton," Laurel. 
 
 n Took his seat Avignst 2, 1894. 
 6 Seat succes.sfully contested by Horace L. Moore. 
 
 cResignedJanuary 3, UH95. „ ,o„. 
 
 d Elected in place of M. C. Lisle, deceased, and took hu seat December i, 1894. 
 cDled July 7, 1894. ,, , ^, ^„, ^.. 
 
 /Took his seat June •Hi. 1894, to fill vaiancy caused by death of R. L. Gibson. 
 (/Resigned March. 1894. wv,it.» 
 
 liTouk his scat March 12, 1894, to fill vacancy caused by resignation of hdward 1 . White. 
 ; Resigiii-il to Ijcc-ome United States Senator, March, 12, 1894. 
 
 jT.w.k lliss.'al May 12, 1S94. , , , i.- t^ w .),oo. 
 
 *■ Elected in i.lace of R. F. Bratton, deceased, and took his seat December 3, 1894. 
 I Elccti'd in place of Barnes Compton resigned, and took his scat December 3. 1894. 
 1" Died May 10, 1894. 
 n Resigiieci May 12, lsy4. 
 
312 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL UIKKCTORY. 
 
 MAS8ACHrSKTTS. 
 
 George F. Jloar, Worcester. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 ItKI'ltiaiENT.VnVEH. 
 
 A. B. Wright, North Adams. 
 Joseph H. Walker, W(>rie,«ter. 
 MiwsT. SteveiKS, North .\iidover. 
 WiUiam Everett," liuincy. 
 Jos. II. O'Neil, liostoii. 
 Wilhaiii F. Draper, Ilnpedale. 
 C. t?. liaudall. New Bedford. 
 
 MICHIGAN. 
 
 SE.NATOHS. 
 
 F. B. Stoekbridge, >> Kalamazoo. 
 John Patton, '■ (ir.iud Kapids. 
 
 UEI'RESENTATIVES. 
 
 Levi T. (irilhn.f Detroit. 
 H. F. Thomas, Allegan. 
 D. 1>. Aitken, Flint. 
 William S. Linton, Saginaw. 
 T. A. E. Weadock, Kay City. 
 S. M. Stejihenson, Menominee. 
 J. C. Burrows,/ Kalamazoo. 
 
 Henry Calwt I.Kxlge, Nahant, 
 
 F. H. Gillett, Springfield. 
 L. D. .•\i)sley, Ilndson. 
 William Cngswell, Salem. 
 S. W. MeCall, Winch.-ster. 
 M. J. MeEtteri.k, Boston. 
 E. A. Morse, Canton. 
 
 James McMillan, Detroit. 
 Julius C. BurrowB,'' Kalamazoo. 
 
 J. S. Gorman, Chelsea. 
 
 (t. F. Kichardson, (inind liiipids. 
 
 J. K. Whiting, St. Clair. 
 
 John W. Moon, Muskegon. 
 
 •John .\very, (ireenville. 
 
 J. L. Chipmau,? Detroit. 
 
 MINNESOTA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Cushman K. Davis, St. Paul. \V. Ii. Wa.<hl>urii, Minneapolis. 
 
 KEl'RESEXTATl V ES. 
 
 James T. McCleary, Mankato. 
 Andrew K. Kiefer, St. Paul. 
 M. K. Baldwin, Duhith. 
 
 Jarae.s A. Tawnev, Winona. 
 Osee>L Hall, lied Wing. 
 Ixircii Fletolifr, .Minneapolis. 
 H. E. Boen, Fergus Falls. 
 
 James Z. George, Carrollton. 
 E. C. Walthall.'' (Grenada. 
 
 MISSLSSIPPL 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 .\. J. McLaurin, ' Brandon. 
 
 John M. Allen, Tupelo. 
 T. C. Catchings, Viekshnrg. 
 J. S. Williams, Ya/.oo. 
 Charles E. Hooker, Jackson. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 MLSSOCKL 
 
 J. C. Kyle. .Sirdis. 
 
 H. De Soto .Monev, Carrollton. 
 
 T. R. Stockdale, Summit. 
 
 Francis JL Cockrell, Warrensbui-g. 
 
 REPRBSE.NTATIVES. 
 
 William H. Hatch, Hannibal. 
 A. >L Dockery, (iallatin. 
 J. C. Tarsney, Kansas City. 
 John T. Heard, .Sedalia. 
 (.'hamp Clark, Bowling (irecn. 
 John J. (t'Nfill.j .'<t. Louis. 
 K..Url \V, Fvan, .Marshtield. 
 Charles II. .Alorgan, l^mar. 
 
 (ieorge (■. Vest. Kansas City. 
 
 Vriel S. Hall, Hubhani. 
 I). D. Burnes, St. Joseph. 
 D. A. De Arm.ind, Butler. 
 K. P. Bland, l.ebiinon. 
 Kichanl liarthnlilt. ."^1. lx)uis. 
 Scth \V. Cobb, St. Louis. 
 Marshal .Vrnold. Bentnii. 
 Charles F. Jov,* St. Ixiuis. 
 
 iTonk his iscnt August 7, 1893, elected to succeed H. C. Lodge, who resigned March 3, 1«K. 
 
 '■Dic'd April :10. IS91. 
 
 ••ApiK.inifil ill ivliiif of F. B. Siockbridge, iind t(X>k bis .sent .Mnv 10. 18'.M. 
 
 ilT'oik liis si'iit .Iiiiiiiiir}- a. ISltt. 
 
 <'EI»H-ti'<l in pliuT iif J. I*, ('hipmtin, decciuicd, iiiul took lii!« scat PcceinlxT -1. \x^. 
 
 /Ri'slKHfl .lanniirv '.Kl, 1S9.\ to bwomc t'liilcd StutcH .senator. 
 
 Bll'i'l MlKllsl 17. lV.13. 
 
 * KL->li;lli<i .Iiinilarv IS. 1S9J. 
 
 ' Klcilci Ml \tiurv •>{ E, C. Walthall, rcsigncil. ami t<~ik his wai Kvbniarv l.s. 1S94. 
 
 JT.«.k lilf. snil \pril ;i. ISIM. 
 
 *Svat (iuccL'.<«fullv t'onlcfltwl hy J. .1. O'Xeill. 
 
FIFTY-THIRD CONGRESS. 
 
 313 
 
 T. C. Power, Helena. 
 
 MONTANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Lee Mantle," Butte ('ity. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Charles S. Hartman, Bozeman. 
 
 NEBE.\SKA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Charles F. .Manderson, < )nialia. William V. Allen, Madison. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William J. Bryan, Lincoln. 
 G. D. Meiklejohn, Fullerton. 
 W. A. McKeighan, Red Cloud 
 
 John P. Jones, Gold Hill. 
 
 NEVADA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 David H. Alerter, Omaha. 
 E. J. Hainer, Aurora. 
 Omer M. Keui, Broken Bow. 
 
 W. M. Stewart, Carson Citv. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Francis G. Newlands, Reno. 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 SENATOBS. 
 
 AV. E. Chandler, Concord. J. H. Gallinger, Concord. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Henry \\'. Blair, Campton. ' Henry iL Baker, Bow. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 JoliII R. McPhersou, Jersey City. 
 
 REPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 Henry C. Loudenslager, Paulsboro. 
 J. A. Geissenhainer, Freehold. 
 C. A. Cadmus, Paterson. 
 George B. Fielder, Jersey City. 
 
 James Smith, jr., Newark. 
 
 John J. Gardner, Atlantic Citj'. 
 Johnson Cornish, Washington. 
 T. D. English, Newark. 
 John T. Dunn, Elizabeth. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 David B. Hill, Albany. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 James W. Coyert, Long Island City. 
 Joseph C. Hendrix, Brooklyn. 
 John H. Graham, Brooklyn. 
 Franklin Bartlett, New York. 
 T. J. Campbell, New York. 
 Amos J. Cummings, '' New York. 
 John DeWitt Warner, New York. 
 Isidor Straus, <' New York. 
 Francis iMaryin, Port Jervis. 
 Charles D. Haines, Kinderliook. 
 S. J. Shernierhorn, Schenectady. 
 J. M. Wever, Plattsburg. 
 J. S. Sherman, Ulica. 
 J. J. Belden, Syracuse. 
 C. W. Gillet, Addison. 
 John Van "S'oorhis, Rochester. 
 Charles Daniels, Buffalo. 
 J. R. Fellows,'' New York. 
 
 Edwaril Murjiliy, jr., Troy 
 
 John M. Clancy, Brooklyn. 
 William G. Coombs, Brooklyn. 
 Thomas F. Magner, Br.ioklyn. 
 E. J. Dunphy, New York. 
 Daniel E. Sickles, New York. 
 W. B. Cockran, New' York. 
 Lemuel E. Quigg, f> New York. 
 William Ryan, Port Chester. 
 Jacob LeFever, New Paltz. 
 Charles Tracey, Albany. 
 N. M. Curtis, Ogdensburg. 
 
 C. A. Chickering, Copenhagen. 
 George W. Ray, Norwich. 
 
 S. E. Payne, Aubui'ii. 
 
 J. W. Wadsworth, tTeueseo. 
 
 D. N. Lockwood, Buffalo. 
 W. B. Hooker, Fredonia. 
 A. P. Fitch, <■ New York. 
 
 "Sent declared viicnnt .August 2S, 1S93; subsequentlv seated February 2, l.sa.'i. 
 ''Resigned November 21. I.S94. ri Resigned December 22, 1893. 
 
 >■ Took his seat Febniarv H, 1894. •• Resigned December 26. 1893. 
 
314 
 
 CON*JRE89IONAL DIRECTORY, 
 
 NOKTll CAUOLINA 
 
 SENATOKS. 
 
 T. J. JarviK," (JiwnvilU". 
 I.e. Pritchiinl.'' MikHscii. 
 
 ItKrUKSK.NT.M'n tx. 
 
 Williain A. H. Uraii.li. Washiutrtoii. 
 1? K. ( Iniilv, Wullino. 
 'riiomiis Scitlc. K.-i.l-vill.'. 
 ,1 S lU'iiilctxm, Siilislmry. 
 \V T. Cnuvfurd, \VayIu■^^\•i^l■. 
 
 Malt \V. ItanHoiii, X.irtliainpK'ii. 
 /,. H. Vaiui','' Charlolt)'. 
 
 I'Vci A. Woddard, WilRon. 
 n. 11. Biiiin, Korky Mount. 
 S 15. Al«'xaii(UT, Charlott*-. 
 \V II. Bower, Yadkin Valley. 
 
 NORTH DAKOTA. 
 
 SKN.VTOUS. 
 
 ,, , , ,,,.iui,,ke William N. Koaeh, Larimore. 
 
 Henry I . Hanshnmsili. l>e\il> i-ak<. 
 
 UKIMiKSKNTATIVK. 
 
 Martin M. .lohnson, IVt.Tfbiirg. 
 
 John She-man. Man>^lield. 
 
 (illH>. 
 
 MKS.VToIi.s. 
 
 HEFKKSKSTATIVKI- 
 
 Bellamy Storer, Cincinnati. 
 
 r. ,1. Sorvt,'' Middlett)\vn. 
 
 D 1). Donovan, Deshler. 
 
 Geortre W. Wilson, l,nnd..n. 
 
 Bvron S. Wilihie, Toledo. 
 
 Ciias. II. Crosvenor, Athens. 
 
 D. D. Hare, I'pi.er Saii.lnskv. 
 
 11. C. Van Voorhis, /.ane.s\ i le. 
 
 J \ D Kiehard.-, New I'hiladelplua. 
 
 (ieorger. Ikert, Kast Liverpool 
 Williain .1. While, Cleveland. 
 ,Iohn A. Caldwell,' Ciiiemnali. 
 
 ( alvin S. Briee, l.imr.. 
 
 .1 II. Broniwell, .'■ Cincinnati. 
 
 KernandoC. Lavton, Wapakoneta. 
 
 Ceo. W. Hulick, Balavia, 
 
 Uither M. Strong', Kenton. 
 
 H. S. Biuidv.i' Wellslon. 
 
 Joe. H. (Hilhwaile, Cohmdms. « 
 
 M. n. Harler. Manslield. 
 
 A. J. I'earson, Woo.lstield. 
 
 George W. Ilouk,'' Dayton. 
 
 S. A. Norlhwav, Jefferson. 
 
 Tom L. Johnson, Cleveland. 
 
 OKKGON. 
 
 John 11. Milciiell, rorlland. 
 Binger Heriuann, Kus-eburg. 
 
 liKI'HKSENT.XTlVKS. 
 
 Jos. N. Dolph. Portland. 
 William K. Kills. Hepiuier. 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 sKN.\TORS. 
 
 Jas. D. ( aiu.'n.n. Ilarrishnrg. 
 
 HEPKESENT.\T1VKS. 
 
 \le\ander McDowell, Sharon. 
 
 II II Bingham, Bhiladelphia. 
 
 \Vm McAleer, Philadelphia. 
 
 A. (\ Harnier, Philadelphia. 
 
 1 P. Wanger, Norrislown. 
 
 C J. Erdman, Allenlowii. 
 
 Jos A. Scranton, Scrantoii. 
 
 Janu-.s B. Heilly, Poltsville 
 
 Mvron B. Wriiihl, ' Siis.|iiehanna. 
 
 \"C. Hopkins, Lock Haven. 
 
 Tliadd.Mis M. Mahon. Chamhershuiv. 
 
 J D. Hicks, Allooiia. 
 
 J,,lin Dal/ell, Pitl.sl'iirg. 
 
 William A. Sipe, Pitt.slmrg. 
 
 lohn C. Sihiev, rranklin. 
 
 George K. Kril.l>,s, Clarion. 
 
 William Lilly, J Mauch ( hmik. 
 
 ..A,.,K.ln.o.U.. nil v.»„„cy om>s«n.y.U.,.lh ..( /.. «. V,„u-.. 
 ..„,lt.i.k 1.1- -•.It April »...;«■ 
 (•Tixili 111" "■"' .l»l'""l> -*■ f* • 
 .•Did .\Iiril II. I>-*'. 
 ,it'->W MsmhI Mnyil.lfflM. 
 ,Ke-.lKM..IMMyl.lsW 
 /TtHik liN H'lil l>(M-cnil»ur.l. IWH 
 uTcxiU his Milt IV.cnilnTl. IH"' 
 KliiHl Kiliriiiiry 'J. IKIM. 
 iUli'l N">'i"'" r 1:1. IW 
 
 Matthew S. (inay, Beaver. 
 
 G A. trrow,* Glenwood. 
 Robert Adams, jr.,' Philadelphia. 
 John v.. Keyhiirn. Philadelphia. 
 J. B. Kohinson, Media. 
 
 Howard Mntchler,"' lUisloii. 
 
 Mariiilt Brosins, Ijinciu-ter. 
 
 William II. Hine.s, Wilkesharre. 
 
 K. M. Woollier, Lebanon. 
 
 E. .1. Jorilon," Coiidei-sport. 
 
 S. P. Wolvertoii, Snnlmry. 
 
 K. I".. Bt'll /hoover, Carlisle. 
 
 D. B. Ileiner, Kiltanning. 
 
 William A. Stone. Allegheny. 
 
 Tlios. W. Phillips, New Castle. 
 
 Clias. W. Stone. Warren. 
 
 ChB.s. O'Neill," Philadelphia. 
 
 i t!|::?,/.;.'';nT.!--o/SMill..«. Lmy, ....d ,ook I.1h~-.., MHm. 
 ■-■ .'n'.-.t..<l 111 fl...-.' of (■!.««. O'NWII. d.He.u«^l. Ki.rt .<«k ht- 
 
 Mul.l.l.r. Mlio.licl .bim?:l. If-W^ 
 .iT<"'k 111" "''•>' 1-ilirimry -JS. |s». 
 .. DUmI N.ivi'iiilur ■.'.'.. I8W. 
 
FIFTY-THIRD CONGKKSS. 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 315 
 
 N. W. Aldricti, Providciu'o. 
 scar I.apliani, I'mvidence. 
 
 M. C. Butler, Kdfjefield. 
 
 Jas. F. Izlar," Oranpeburg. 
 Asbiiry Latinior, Holton. 
 T. J. 8trait, l.aiK'astcr. 
 Geo. W. Murray, Konibort. 
 
 B. F. Pettigrew, Sioux Falls. 
 John A. I'i<'l<lcr, Kuulkloii. 
 
 Isham (t. Harris, Meni|)his. 
 
 N. F. Oixon, Westerly. 
 
 HliPKKSKNT.VTIVES. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SK.N.VTORS. 
 KEPKfiSENT.UI \' KS. 
 
 C'has. H. Page, Scituate. 
 
 .1. \j. I\I. Irliy. Laurens. 
 
 W. J. Talbert, Parksville. 
 
 Geo. W. Shell, l^aurens. 
 
 .John I.. Mel.auriii, Abirlhoro County. 
 
 AVilliani H. Ijrawlev,'' Charleston. 
 
 SOUTH DAKOTA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 UKl'RESKXTATIVES. 
 
 tennessep:. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REI'RESENTATIVES. 
 
 A. A. Taylor, .lohnson City. 
 
 H. C. Snod^rass. Sparta. 
 
 J. D. Kiehardson, ^lurfreeslioro. 
 
 N. N. Cox, Franklin. 
 
 J. C. McDearmim, Trenton. 
 
 Richard Coke, Waco. 
 
 J. C. Hutche.wn, Houston. 
 C. B. Kiljjore, Wills Point. 
 Jos. W. Bailey, ( iainesville. 
 Geo. C. Pendleton, iielton. 
 Jos. D. Sayers, Bastrop. 
 W. H. Grain, Cuero. 
 J. V. Cockreil, An.-jon. 
 
 Justin S. Morrill, Strafford. 
 H. H. Powers, .Morrisville. 
 
 John AV. Daniel, Lvn<hbun 
 
 TKXAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 VKHMONT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 RKl'RESENTATIVES 
 
 VHidlNlA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William .\. Jones, Warsaw. 
 George D. Wise, Hiehnion<l. 
 Claude .\. Swanson, Chatham. 
 Smith S. Turner,'' Front Hoval. 
 Jas. W. Marshall, New Castle. 
 Chas. T. O'Ferrall,'' Harrisonburg. 
 
 James H. Kyle, Aberdeen. 
 William \'. Lucas, Hot Springs. 
 
 William B. Bate, Nashville. 
 
 John C. Ilonk, Knoxvillc. 
 Benton JIcMillin, Carthage. 
 J. li. Washington, Cedar Mil 
 B. A. Enloc, Jackson. 
 Josiah Patterson, Mem|ihis. 
 
 Roger Q. Mills, Corsicana. 
 
 Sam B. Cooper, Woodville. 
 1). B. Culberson, Jefferson. 
 Jo Alibott, Hillsboro. 
 Chas. K. Bell, Fort Wortli. 
 Walter Ciresham, Galveston. 
 T. M. Paschal, Castroville. 
 
 Redlield Proctor, Proctor. 
 W. W. Grout, Barton. 
 
 E))pa Ilunton. Warrenton. 
 
 D. G. Tyler, Charles City (bounty. 
 James F. Epes, Blackstone. 
 Paul C. Edmunds, Halifax. 
 I'lli.-Jha E. Meredith, I5rentsville. 
 Henry St. George Tucker, Staunton. 
 
 "Tiiiik hi.s seat April fi. l,si)4. 
 I' Hu.sigm'd I'\'l)nmr,v 12. IK'.M. 
 
 Took his sent February 12, 1894. 
 ''Resigned December 2,s, 1893. 
 
316 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL UlRECTOEY. 
 WASHINGTON. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Watfon C. Squire, Seattle. 
 Juliii L. WiL-ioii,'' Spokane. 
 
 John L. Wilson,'' Spokane. 
 
 C. J. Faulkner, Martin^liiir;;. 
 
 ,Iohn O. Pendleton, Wheeling'. 
 John D. Aklerson, Nicholas. 
 
 William V. Vilasi, Madison. 
 
 John B. .\llen, ft Spokane. 
 
 REPRE8ENT.\TI V ES. 
 
 WEST VIKGINIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REI'RESEXT.\TIVES. 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 KErKESEXTATIVES. 
 
 W. II. Doolittle, Tacoma. 
 
 J. N. Camden, Parkersburg. 
 
 William L. Wilson, Charlestowu. 
 James Capehart, Mason County. 
 
 John I^ndrum Mitchell, Milwaukee. 
 
 Henry A. Cooper, Racine. 
 
 J. W. Halicock, Xecedah. 
 
 (icorsre H. Brickner, Shcboyjian Falls. 
 
 Michael (irilhn/' Eau Claire. 
 
 Thomas Eynch. .Xntigo. 
 
 George B. Sha\v,< Eau Claire. 
 
 WYOMING. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Joseph M. Carey, Cheyenne. 
 Clarence D. Clark,!/ Evanston. 
 
 Charles Barwig, Mayville. 
 Peter J. Soniers, .'' Milwaukee. 
 Owen A. Wells, Fond du Lac. 
 Lyman E. Barnes, Appleton. 
 N". p. Haugen, Kiver Falls. 
 
 .\. C. Beckwith,'' Cheyenne. 
 
 HEPRESEXTATIVE. 
 
 H. A. Coffeen, Sheridan. 
 ARIZONA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 M. A. Smith, Tomijstone. 
 TEKHITOHY OF NEW MEXICO. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Antonio Joseph, Ojo Caliente. 
 OKLAHOMA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Dennis T. Flynn, (iuthrie City. 
 UTAH TERRITORY. 
 
 DELE«.\TE. 
 
 Joseph L. Hawlin», Salt Lake City. 
 
 nTnofc his si'AI FebnintN- 19, IsftS. 
 
 '•Sent ilvilnreil vncniit !)>■ Siimli' Aiiifiist J^, 1.S93. 
 
 <- KcsiK'niil 1" Ix'fomc r. .«. Si-miliir Kfhnmry is. lS9.i. 
 
 •iEIwUmI in iiliici- of (ii'iirco B. Sliaw, ileceiutod. ami tiioli liis siat DtcembiT 3, 18SM. 
 
 JTmlv ■li'i»''»~arAii(tusi ■•!. ISW; elected to Kuceccd J. L. Mitchell, rofrtjriicd Mutx'h 3. 1893. 
 i/TiH.k hi.><M-at Kebriiary fi. IWfi. 
 ADccliiieil to serve August 8. 1893. 
 
FIFTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 
 
 First session, from December S, 1S95, to June 11, 1S96. Second session, from December 7, 1S96, to March 2, 
 
 1897. 
 
 Vice-President. — Adlai E. Stevenson, of Illinois. President pro tempore. — William P. Frye, of 
 Maine. Secretary of the Senate. — William R. Cox, of North Carolina. 
 
 Speaker of the House. — Thomas B. Reed, of JIaine. Clerk of the House. — Alexander McDowell; of 
 Pennsylvania. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 senators. 
 John T. Morgan, Selnia. 
 
 representatives. 
 Richard H. Clarke, Mobile. 
 George P. Harrison, Opelika. 
 Albert T. Goodwyn," Robinson Springs. 
 M. W. Howard, Fort Payne. 
 T. H. Aldrich,'' Birmingham. 
 James E. Cobla, '" Tuskegee. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 SEN.WORS. 
 
 James L. Pugh, Eufaula. 
 
 Jesse F. Stallings, Greenville. 
 
 W. F. Al(lrich,f' Aldrich. 
 
 John H. Bankhead, Fayette. 
 
 Joseph Wheeler, AVheeler. 
 
 G. A. RoVibins, ' Dallas County. 
 
 Oscar W. Underwood,/ Birmingham. 
 
 James K. Jones, Washington. 
 
 P. D. IMcCullocli, Marianna. 
 Thomas C. McRae, Prescott. 
 H. A. Dinsmore, Fayetteville. 
 
 James H. Berry, Benton\'ille. 
 
 representatives. 
 
 CALIFORNIA. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 George C. Perkins, Oakland. 
 
 John A. Barham, Santa Rosa. 
 S. G. Hilborn, Oakland. 
 Eugene F. Loud, San Francisco. 
 William W. Bowers, San Diego. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Henry M. Teller, Central City. 
 John F. Shafroth, Denver. 
 
 Joseph R. Hawley, Hartford. 
 
 E. S. Henry, Rockville. 
 Charles A. Russell, Killingly. 
 
 COLORADO. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John S. Little, Greenwood. 
 William L. Terry, Little Rock. 
 Robert Neill, Batesville. 
 
 Stephen JI. White, Los Angeles. 
 
 Grove L. Johnson, Sacramento. 
 James C. JNIaguire, San Francisco. 
 James McLachlan, Pasadena. 
 
 Edward O. Wolcott, Denver. 
 John C. Bell, Montrose. 
 
 Orville H. Piatt, Meriden. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 a Took his seat April 22, 1891!. 
 
 ii Took his seat June 9, 1.S96. 
 
 (■Seat successfully contested by A. T. Goodwvu. 
 
 N. D. Sperrv, New Haven. 
 E. J. Hill, Norwalk. 
 
 ((Took his seat March 13, 1896. 
 
 ■! Seat successfully contested by W. F. Aldrich. 
 
 /Seat successfully contested by T. H. Aldrich. 
 
 317 
 
318 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIKKCTOKY. 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 SENATIJRS. 
 
 Georm' Gray, Newcastle. 
 R. K. Kenny," Dover. 
 
 H. A. Dupont,'' Baltimore. 
 
 Samuel Pasco, Monticello. 
 8. M. Sparkiuaii, Tunipa. 
 
 John B. Uonlon, .Vtlanta. 
 
 Rufus E. Lester, Savannah. 
 C. F. Crisi), *" Ainericus. 
 L. V. LivinfTston, Kings. 
 John \V. Maiidox, Rome. 
 Parish C. Tate, Ja^'l)e^. 
 Ilenrv G. Turner, Oiiit'"""- 
 
 REPBESENTATIVE. 
 
 J. S. Willis, Milfonl. 
 FLORIDA. 
 
 .SENATORS. 
 HKl>I!E.SENTATIVt». 
 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 RKI'RESENTATIVES. 
 
 Wilkinson Call, Jack.aonville. 
 C. >L Cooper. .Jacksonville. 
 
 A. (). Bacon, Macon. 
 
 B. K. Russell. Bainbridge. 
 
 C. L. Moses, Turin. 
 
 C. L. Bartletf, Macon. 
 Thomas G. Lawson. Eatxinton. 
 J. C. C. Black, Augusta. 
 C. R. Crisp,'' Americus. 
 
 IDAIU). 
 
 SENATOR.-*. 
 
 George L. Shoup, 
 
 Froil T. Dubois, Blackfoot. 
 
 REI'KKSKNTATIVK. 
 
 Edgar Wilson, Boise City. 
 ILLIXOLS. 
 
 Shelby M. Culloni. Springfield. 
 
 SE.VATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 J. F. Aldrich, Chicago. 
 H. R. Belknap, 'Chicago. 
 George E. White, Chicago, 
 (icorge E. Fosp, Chicago. 
 R. H. Hilt, Mount Morris. 
 Walter Reeves, Streator. 
 V. Warner, Clinton. 
 B. F. Alarsh, Warsaw. 
 J. .\. Connolly, .Springlicld. 
 
 Benson W 1, Kllingliani. 
 
 E. J. Mur))hy, East St. Louis. 
 Lawrence E." McGaun, .'' Chicago. 
 
 V>. W. Voorhees, Terre Ilanlc 
 
 J. A. Hemenwav, Boonville. 
 R. J. Trai'ewell.'Coryd.iii. 
 Jess<' Overstreet, Indianaiiolis. 
 Charles L. Ilenrv. AniJei-son. 
 J. F. llanley, Williaiiisport. 
 (ieorge W. Steele, .Marion. 
 I^emuel W. Royse, Warsaw. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTAT1VE.S. 
 
 .1. Mc.Vuley I'alnicr, Springfield. 
 
 William Lorimer, Chicago. 
 Charles W. Woodman, Chicago. 
 
 E. D. Cooke, Chic;»go. 
 A. J. Hopkins, Aurora, 
 (ieorge W. Prince,'' (ialesburg. 
 J. (i. Cannon, Danville. 
 Joseph V. (iraff. I'ekin. 
 
 J. I. Rinaker,'' Carlinville. 
 W. F. L. Hadley, ' Edwardsville. 
 Orlando Burrell, Carmi. 
 (ieorge W. Smitli, Murphysboro. 
 
 F. E. Downing, J Virginia. 
 
 David Tnrpie, Indiana|Milis. 
 
 A. M. Hardy, Washington. 
 James E. Wat.son, Rnshville. 
 II. r. Johnson, Ricliniond. 
 (ieorge W. Faris, Terre Haute. 
 Jethro .\. Hatch, Kentland. 
 .1. I). Leightv, St. Joe. 
 
 'iTofik hi«sciii Ki't)rimry .'>. 1S97. 
 
 ^ t'li^i'iilfM Mav 1.%. IH%. aiifl j*i'at itfflaml vacant. 
 
 • Dil'il (li-l.ih<T-J(i. 1N%. 
 
 •I Klfili-il 111 nuccecd l)i« falluT, C. V. rrinp. ilccwiwil. at»l tmik lil-i Sfut Ih-i-i'liilMT P.l. IKKh. 
 
 rTiKik hiMM'al December 'J7. 18U.'). 
 
 /Seal ■.iiiii'isfiillv eimlestcd by H. R. Belkimp. 
 
 (/Tiw.k III" soil Deeellllier J, lS'.tt. 
 
 'iT.viik Ills "<ai .iHiiiiarv .'■. is;n;. 
 
 'Took lil.Hwat DeeeinlHT •-'. 1S9,5; elccleil lo aueceed K. Keiiiuiin. who (ItwlJiily 14. IKUft. 
 
 JScatdUeccsatullycontfslcd by J. I. Rinaker. 
 
FIFTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 
 
 319 
 
 William R. Allison, Dubuque. 
 
 S. M. Clark, Keokuk. 
 D. B. Henderson, Dubuque. 
 Robert G. Cousins, Tipton. 
 J. A. T. Hull, Des Moines. 
 A. L. Hager, (Treentield. 
 G, D. Perkins, Sioux City. 
 
 William A. Peffer, Topeka. 
 
 Richard W. Blue, Pleasanton. 
 0. L. Miller, Kansa.* City. 
 Charles Curtis, Topeka. 
 William Baker, Lincoln. 
 
 J. C. S. Blackburn, Versailles. 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 SEN.^TORS. 
 REPRESENT.\T1VES. 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 REPRESENT.^TIVES. 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 J. K. Hendrick, Southland. 
 W. G. Hunter, Burkesville. 
 AValter Evans, Louisville. 
 William C. Owens, Georgetown. 
 S. J. Pugh, Vancebur^. 
 D. G. Colson, Middlesboro. 
 
 Donaldson C^affery, Franklin. 
 
 Adolph Meyer, New Orleans. 
 Andrew Price, Tliibodaux. 
 C. J. Boatner, '' Monroe. 
 
 Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. 
 
 Thonia.s B. Reed, Portland. 
 S. L. Millikin, Belfast. 
 
 A. P. (iornian, Laurel. 
 
 loc;lsl\na. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 REPRESENT.ATIVES. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 HKPRESENr.\TIVES. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 REPRESEST.ITIVES 
 
 Joshua W. Miles, Princess Anne. 
 Harry W. Rusk, Baltimore. 
 Charles E. Coffin, Muirkirk. 
 
 .lohn H. Gear, Burlington. 
 
 George M. Curtis, Clinton. 
 T. L'pdegraff, McGregor. 
 John F. Lacey, Oskaloosa. 
 AV. P. Hepburn, Clarinda. 
 J. P. Dolliver, Fort Dodge. 
 
 Lucien Baker, Leavenworth. 
 
 Case Broderick, Holton. 
 S. S. Kirkpatrick, Fredonia. 
 W. A. Calderhead, Marysville. 
 Chester I. Long, Medicine Lodge. 
 
 William Lindsay, Frankfort. 
 
 John D. Clardy, Newstead. 
 
 John AV. Lewis, Springfield. 
 
 A. S. Berry, Newport. 
 
 J. B. McCreary, Richmond. 
 
 J. M. Kendall," Prestonsburg. 
 
 N.T.Hopkins.'' 
 
 N. C. Blanchard, Shreveport. 
 
 Charles F. Buck, New Orleans. 
 
 H. W. Ogden, Benton. 
 
 S. M. Robertson, Baton Rouge. 
 
 William P. Frve, Lewiston. 
 
 Nelson Dingley, jr., Lewiston. 
 C. A. Boutelle, Bangor. 
 
 Charles H. (Jibson, Easton. 
 
 William B. Baker, Aberdeen. 
 John K. Cowen, Baltimore. 
 George L. Wellington, Cumberland. 
 
 a Dnseated February 18, 1897. 
 
 '>Took lii.s .seat February 18, 189/. 
 
 i-Seat declared vacant lilarcli 20. 189G: .•iub-ici|uentlv plectcd, and tnok his seal Dei-.-inlier w 1.S96 
 
320 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 MASSACHUSKTTS. 
 
 SRXATORS. 
 
 George F. Ilimr, Worcester. 
 
 llonry C". Loclpe, Xahant. 
 
 KEPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Ashlev H. WHrIu, North A<laiiis. 
 .1. II. "Walker. Worcester. 
 William S. Knox, Ijiwrcnce. 
 William K. Harrctt, Melrose. 
 J. F. Fitzjieralil, Uoston. 
 William F. Draper, Ilopeilale. 
 John Simpkin.-. Yarmouth. 
 
 MICHIGAN. 
 
 F. H. (iillett, Sprintrfielcl. 
 I>ewis .\. .\pslev. Hmlsoii. 
 W. II. Moodv."" Haverhill. 
 S. W. McCali, Winchester. 
 H. H. Atwnoil. Bt>stoti. 
 K. .\. Morse, Canton. 
 
 James McMillan, Detroit. 
 
 SEX.\T<1RS. 
 
 .liilius ('. Bnrrnws. Kalamazoo. 
 
 KKI'lU>KXT\TIVt>. 
 
 .Inhn B. Corlis.", Detroit. 
 .\lfrcd MilncK, '' Coldwater. 
 William .\. Smith, (iraml Kapid 
 Horace (i. 8nover, Port .\nstin. 
 Roswell P. Bishop, Lmlinirton. 
 John Averv, (ireenville. 
 
 MLNXF-SOTA. 
 
 (ioorge Spalding, Monroe. 
 Henrv F. Thoma.«, Allegan. 
 D. .V." Aitkcn, Flint. 
 William .S. Linton. Sapinavv. 
 K. O. ('nimi>. West Bay City. 
 S. yi. Ste]>hen.«on. Menominee. 
 
 C. K. Davis, St. Paul. 
 
 SEN".\TORS. 
 
 Knute Nelson, Alexamlria. 
 
 REPRESEXT.4TIVKS. 
 
 James A. Tawnev, Winona. 
 J. P. Heatwole, Northtielil. 
 Loren Fletcher, Minneapolis. 
 Frank M. Eddy, Cilenwood. 
 
 J. T. McClcary. Mankato. 
 .\ndrew H. Keiler, St. Paul. 
 Charles A. Towne, Duliith. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 James Z. George, CarroUton. 
 
 SEX.\TORS. 
 
 Edw:ird ('. Walthall, 'irena^la. 
 
 KEPRESEXTATIVES, 
 
 John M. Allen, Tujtelo. 
 T. C. t'at<'hinf:s, Vickslmrg, 
 John S. Williams, Yazoo. 
 James (i. Spencer, Port Gihson. 
 
 John C. Kyle, Sardis. 
 
 H. DeSoto Money, (.'arrollton, 
 
 AValter McK. Dennv, ,S-ninton. 
 
 MISSOFRI. 
 
 F. M. Cockrell. Warrenslinn;. 
 
 SEXATORS. 
 
 Cieorge (>. Vest, Kansas City. 
 
 REPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 C. N. (lark, Hannibal. 
 A. M. Dockery, (iallatin. 
 R. T. Van Horn,'' Kan.-^as City. 
 John P. Tracev. Springfield. 
 William M. Treloar, Mexico. 
 Charli-s F. Joy. St. Louis. 
 John K. Kaney, Piedmont. 
 Charles G. Burton, Nevada. 
 
 Iriel S. Mall. HnKLard. 
 Geoiye C. t'rowtlier, •■^l. Josejih. 
 David De .\rmond, Butler. 
 J<xd D, llnhtianl. Versjiilles. 
 Richard Barthol.lt, St. Louis. 
 Seth W. foMi. St. Louis. 
 N. A. Mitzley, Dexter. 
 J. C. Tarsnev,'' Kansas Citv. 
 
 oTook his iwnl Pwcmbpr 2, IK9.i: elortwl to sucoewl W. CospwcU. who dk-d May 'JS. 1»». 
 
 fcEliTiiil to •'iii'iocd .Iiilliis c. BiirniW!'. whn n-slgiunl lo tioconie I'nltcd Stnlirs Senator, and l<K>k his sral December », I89S. 
 
 ••To-ilL his ••(■.It Ki-liruiirv -.'T. IS'.W. 
 
 rfScat surii— fiillv < .iiiii'sli',1 liv It T Villi Horn. 
 
Lee Mantle, Butte. 
 
 FIFTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 
 MONTANA. 
 
 SENATOR.S. 
 
 Thoma.'i II. Carter, Helena. 
 
 KEPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Charles S. Hartman, Bozeman. 
 
 321 
 
 William V. .Vllen, Madison. 
 
 NEBRASKA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Jesse B. Strode, Lincoln. 
 
 G. D. ileiklejohn. Fullerton. 
 
 AVilliam E. Andrews, Hastings. 
 
 John M. Thurston, Omaha. 
 
 David H. Mercer, Omaha. 
 E. J. Hainer, Aurora. 
 Omer 51. Kem, Broken Bow. 
 
 NEVADA. 
 
 SEX.VTORS. 
 
 John P. Jones, Gold Hill. 
 
 AVilliam 51. Stewart, Carson Citv. 
 
 REPRESENT ATI V E. 
 
 Francis G. Newlands, Reno. 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 William E. Chandler, Concord. Jacob H. (Jallinger, Concord. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 C. A. SuUnway. 5Ianchester. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 Henry M. Baker, Bow. 
 
 James Smith, jr., Newark. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 H. G Loudenslager, Paulsboro. 
 B. F. Howell, New Brunswick. 
 James F. Stewart. Paterson. 
 Thomas McEwan, jr., Jersey City. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 AVilliam J. Sewell, Camden. 
 
 J. .1. Gardner, Atlantic City. 
 Mahlon Pitney, Morristown. 
 R. W. Parker, Newark. 
 C. N. Fowler, Elizabeth. 
 
 D. B. Hill, Albany. 
 
 R. C. 5IcCormick, Jamaica. 
 Francis H. Wilson, Brooklyn. 
 Charle.s G. Bennett, Brooklvn. 
 Franklin Bartlett, New York. 
 Henry Clay Miner, New York. 
 William t^ulzer. New York. 
 R. C. Shannon, New York. 
 P. B. Low, New York. 
 B. B. Odell, Newburgh. 
 F. S. Black," Trov. 
 D. F. Wilber, Oneonta. 
 Wallace T. Foote, Port Henry. 
 James S. Sherman, I'tica. 
 Theodore L. Poole, S\racuse. 
 Charles \V. Gillett, .\ddison. 
 H. C. Brewster, Rochester. 
 Warren B. Hooker, Fredonia. 
 Denis M. Hurley, Brooklyn. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Edwanl Murjiliy, jr., Troy. 
 
 I. F. Fi.scher, Brooklyn. 
 James R. Howe, Brooklvn. 
 J. M. Mitchell,') New York. 
 
 A. J. Cumminirs, <■ New York. 
 George B. McClellan, New York. 
 L. E. Quigir. New York. 
 
 B. L. Fail-child, Pelham Heights. 
 Jacob Le Fever, New Paltz. 
 George N. Southwick, Albany. 
 N. M. Curtis, Ogdensburg. 
 
 C. A. Chickering, Copenhagen. 
 George W. Kay, Norwidi. 
 Sereno E. I'ayne. Auburn. 
 
 J. W. Wadsworth, Gene.-eo. 
 R. B. Mahanv, Buffalo. 
 J. J. Walsh,'' N-ew York. 
 Charles Daniels, Buffalo. 
 
 « Resigiu'ii .lanuarv 7. 1.S97. elected governor of New York. 
 
 b Took liis stilt ,1 urie 2, 1896. 
 
 t-Took his seat December 2, 1.S95. 
 
 rfSeat successfully contesteil by .T. M. Mitchell. 
 
 H. Doc. io8- 
 
 -21 
 
322 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOKY. 
 XORTH CAROIJXA. 
 
 .1. C. I'rilclianl, Miii>hal 
 
 Harry Skinner, (ireonville. 
 .Idhn (i. Sl)a\v Kayi'tlfvilk'. 
 ThoniUM Settle, Keiilsville. 
 A. V. Sliiifi>r<i, Newton. 
 Riehinonil I'earcon, Aslieville. 
 
 SENATOR8. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 .Marion Butler, Elliott. 
 
 Freil -V. Wdoilanl, Wilson. 
 William V. Strowil, l'itl.>il)oro. 
 C. 11. .Martin." I'olkton. 
 R. Z. l.iniiey, Taylorsville. 
 J. .\. hoekliart,'' Wadesboro. 
 
 NORTH DAKOTA. 
 
 .SENATORS. 
 
 Henry C. Ilansbrough, Devils Lake. William N. Roach, Lariniore. 
 
 HKI'RESESTATIVE. 
 
 Martin N. Johnson, Peterslmrjr. 
 
 John Sherman, Mansfielii 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Charles IV Taft, Cincinnati. 
 Paul .1. Sor^'. .MiiMletown. 
 F. U. De Witt. I'anMing. 
 Georfie W. AVilson, LLindon. 
 J. H. SouthanI, Toledo. 
 Charles 11. (irosvenor, Athens. 
 Stejihen 1{. Harris, Rneyrus. 
 H. C. Van Voorhis, Zanesville. 
 A. S. JlcClnre, Wooster. 
 S. A. Xorthwav, Jefferson. 
 C. R. Beaeh, Cleveland. 
 
 Calvin S. Brice, Lima. 
 
 J. H. Rronnvell. Wyoniinp. 
 F. C. l^ayton. WapakoTieta. 
 George W. lluliek. IJalavia. 
 Luther .M. Strontr, Kinton. 
 L. J. Fenton, Wmehester. 
 D. K. Watson, Colnnd>us. 
 W. S. Kerr, Manstield. 
 Lorenzo Panford. St. Clairs\ille. 
 Robert W. Tayler, New Lisljon. 
 T. K. Hvirton, Clevelaml. 
 
 OREGON. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John 11. Mitchell, Portland. George W. .McBride, St. Helens. 
 
 HE1'HESENTATIVE.S. 
 
 Binger Hermann, Kosebun.'. William R. Ellis, Heppner. 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 SEN.\TORo. 
 
 Jamea D. Cameron, Harrisburg. 
 
 RKPUESKNTArn ES. 
 
 (i. .\. tirow, (ilenwood. 
 II. II. Biniiham, Philadelphia. 
 V. Ilaltirman. Philadelphia. 
 .\. C. llarmer, Philadelphia. 
 1. P. Wan^'er, Norristowii. 
 C. J. lOrdman, Allentown. 
 J. A. Seranton, Seranton. 
 Charles N. Brunun, Jlinersville. 
 James H. Codding,' Towanda. 
 -M. H. Knlp, Shamokin. 
 James .\. Stable. I\niigsville. 
 1). B. lleiner, Kittanning. 
 W. A. Stone. AlK';:heny. 
 Thomas W. Phillips, .Newcastle. 
 Charkw W. Stone, Warrt-n. 
 
 M. S. Quay. Beaver. 
 
 G. F. Huff, (ireenshurg. 
 
 Robert .\danis. jr.. Philadelphia. 
 
 John F.. Weyburn. Philadelphia. 
 
 J. B.Robinson, Meilia. 
 
 Jo.sepb J. Hart. Milfoid. 
 
 M. Brosius, Lanra-ster. 
 
 J. I^'i.sering, l'p|K>r Lehigh. 
 
 E. M. Woomer, Lebanon. 
 
 F. C. Leonard, Couders|«.rt. 
 T. M. Mahon, Cbambersburg. 
 J. H. Hicks. Altoona. 
 
 John Hal/ell, I'ittsbnrg- 
 K. T. .\che,son, Washington. 
 >L (.iriswold, Erie. 
 \V. C. Arnold, Dubois. 
 
 oTonk hla Wfll .Tunc 5, 1896. 
 
 ftSeat fmoe«5ifiilIyi'nnIcst<-<l liy C. n. Mnrtln. 
 
 <■ Took his seat December i, 18%. 
 
FIFTY-FOURTH CONGRESS. 
 EHODE ISLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Nelson W. Aldrich, Providence. G. P. Wetmore, Newport. 
 
 KEPKESEXTATIVES. 
 
 Melville Bull, Middletown. Warren ( ). Armild, (ilocester. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 323 
 
 J. L. 'SI. Irbv, Laurens. 
 
 ij. \V. Murray.o Rembert. 
 A. C. Latimer, Belton. 
 Thomas J. Strait, Lancaster. 
 J. W. Stokes, ^ Orangeburg. 
 
 R. F. Pettigrew, Sioux Falls. 
 John A. Pickler, Faulkton. 
 
 Ishani G. Harris, Jlemphis. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 HEPRESENT.4.TIVES. 
 
 B. R. Tillman, Trenton. 
 
 W. J. Talbert, Parksville. 
 Stanyarne Wilson, Spartanburg. 
 J. L. McLaurin, JIarlboro County. 
 William Elliott, ^' Beaufort. 
 
 SOUTH DAKOTA. 
 
 SEN.WORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 James H. Kyle, Aberdeen. 
 R. J. Gamble, Yankton. 
 
 William B. Bate, Nashville. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 AV. C. Anderson, Newport. 
 Foster V. Brown, Chattanooga. 
 J. E. Washington, Cedarhill. 
 J. E. McCall, Lexington. 
 Josiah Patterson, Memphis. 
 
 Roger Q. ilills, Corsicana. 
 
 J. C. Hutcheson, Houston. 
 C. H. Yoakum, Greenville. 
 Joseph W. Bailey, Gainesville. 
 George C. Pendelton, Belton. 
 Joseph D. Savers, Bastrop. 
 Rudolph Klel)erg,'' Cuero. 
 J. V. Cockrell, Anson, 
 
 TEXAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 UTAH. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Arthur Brown, Salt Lake Cit 
 
 Henry R. Gibson, Knoxville. 
 Benton MciMillin, Murfreesboro. 
 Nicholas N. Cox, Franklin. 
 J. C. McDearmon, Trenton. 
 
 Horace Chilton, Tyler. 
 
 S. B. Cooper, Woodville. 
 D. B. Culberson, Jefferson. 
 Jo. AI:>bott, Hillsboro. 
 Charles K. Bell, Fort Worth. 
 Miles Crowley, Galveston. 
 George H. Noonan, San Antonio. 
 W. H. Crain, « Cuero. 
 
 F. J. Cannon,/' Ogden. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Clarence E. Allen, Salt Lake City. 
 VERMONT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Justin S. Morrill, Strafford. 
 H. H. Powers, Morrisville. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Redfield Proctor, Proctor. 
 William W. Grout, Barton. 
 
 "Took his seat .Tune 4, 1896. 
 
 !• Given the eertificate oi election, but seat was declared vacant June 1, 1896; reelected and took his seat December 7 1896 
 
 i-Seat successfully I'MUtcsted by G. \V. Murray. 
 
 ''Elected to succeed W. H. Grain, deceased, and took his seat May r>. 1896. 
 
 <-L)icd February 10, 1S96. 
 
 /Took hisjjeat January 27, 1896. 
 
:v_>4 
 
 CONORESSIONAI, DIRKOTORY. 
 
 .Tulin \V. Diinii'l. l,yii(lil)iirK. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 RKI'RK.SKNT.\T1VE.S. 
 
 Thos. S. Martin, Hcottsville. 
 
 Will. .\. .Ii)ne8, \Viii>a« . 
 Tazewell Kllelt, Kicliiiion.l. 
 Claiiile .\. Swaiisoii, (lialhaiM. 
 Smith S. Turner, Kionl Knval. 
 Jaiiu'.« .\. Walker, Wvtheville. 
 Win. H. .MeKenney,'' Petersbuiy. 
 
 WASHIX<iTOX. 
 
 SEXATOH.S. 
 
 Watson C. Squire, Seattle. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William II. Donlittle. Taionia. 
 
 WKST VIRGINIA. 
 
 SENATOR.S. 
 
 Charles J. Faulkner, Martinaburg. 
 
 REl'RESEXTATI VES. 
 
 R. B. Diivener, Whoeliiiii. 
 James II. llnlin^, Charle.-iton. 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 D. Gardiner Tvler. Charles Citv County. 
 Rohert T. Thu"r|.," .Meikleiil.urj;. 
 I'eter .1. Otev, Lvnchburjr. 
 Kli.-ha K. Meredith, Rreiit.-'ville. 
 Henry St. George Tueker. Staunton. 
 
 ,lnhii I,. Wilson, Spokane. 
 Samuel C. Hyde, Spokane. 
 
 Stephen B. Elkins, IClkirui. 
 
 .\. G. Dayton, I'hilippi. 
 Warrt'ii Miller, .Iaek^icln. 
 
 William T. Vilas, Madison. 
 
 Henry .\. Cooper, Harine. 
 .Joseph W, Bahcock. Neeedali 
 Samuel S. Barney, Westbeml. 
 Miehael (iritlin, Kaii Claire. 
 Alexander Stewart. Wansau. 
 
 Franeis K. Warren, Chevenne. 
 
 REPRESENTATlVI-> 
 
 WYOMING. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 ,Iohn L. Mitrhell, Milwaukee. 
 
 Kilward .'~auerhering. Mavville. 
 Theobold Gtieii, .Milwaukee. 
 Samuel A. Cook, Neeiiah. 
 Edward S. Minor, Stnrj;eoii Bay. 
 .1. .). .lenkins, Chipiiewa Falls. 
 
 Claretiee D. Clark, Kvanston. 
 
 REl'RFSKNTATIVE. 
 
 Frank W. Mondell, Newcastle. 
 ARIZONA TERRITORY. 
 
 nEl.EOATK. 
 
 Nathan O. Murphy, I'lioeiiix. 
 TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. 
 
 DELEIiATE. 
 
 Thomas B. Catron, Saute Fe. 
 OKLAHOMA TERRITORY. 
 
 DE1.EG.\TE. 
 
 Dennis T. Flynn, (iutliiie. 
 iTAII TERRITORY. 
 
 OKl.ECATE. 
 
 F. .1. Cannon, ( )vplen. 
 n Toole htn ani May 'J, 1896. 
 
 '■ .Scat sin-ocssfiilly contested by R. T. Ttiorp. 
 
FIFTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 
 
 First sessinri , from March 15, 1S97, to July 34, 1S97. Second se-ixia)!., from December O, 1897, to Juhi S, 
 1898. Third session, from December 5, 1898, to March S, 1899. 
 
 Vice-Preii(lei\t — Garret A. Hobart, t)f New Jersey. President pro tempore of the Senate — William 
 P. Fkye, of ]\Iaine. Secretani of the Senate — William R. Cox, of North Carolina. 
 
 Speaker of the House — Thomas B. Reed, of Maine. Clerk of the House — Alexander McDowell, 
 of Pennsylvania. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 SENATOR.S. 
 
 John T. ^foreran, Selnia. Edmund W. Pettus, Selma. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 George W. Taylor, Demopolis. Jesse F. Stallings, Greenville. 
 
 Henry D. Clayton, Eufaula. W. F. Aldrich,« Aldrich. 
 
 Willis Brewer, Hayneville. John H. Bankhead, Fayette. 
 
 M. W. Howard, Fort Payne. Joseph Wheeler, Wheeler. 
 
 O.W. Underwood, Birmingham. C. S. PJowman, 6 Talladega. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 James K. Jones, Washington. James H. Berry, Bentonville. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 P. D. McCulloch, jr., Marianna. John S. Little, Greenwood. 
 
 T. C. McRae, Prescott. ■ William L. Terry, Little Rock. 
 
 H. A. Dinsmore, Fayetteville. S. Brundidge, Searcy. 
 
 CALIFORNIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 S. :NL White, Los Angeles. G. C. Perkins, Oakland. 
 
 REPRE.SENTATI V ES. 
 
 J. A. Barham, Santa Rosa. Marion De Vries, Stockton. 
 
 S. G. Hilborn, Oakland. James G. Maguire, San Francisco. 
 
 Eugene F. Loud, San Francisco. C. A. Barlow, San Luis Obispo. 
 C. H. Castle, Merced. 
 
 COLORADO. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Henry M. Teller, Central City. E. O. Wolcott, Denver. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 J. F. Shafroth, Denver. J. C. Bell, Montrose. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 SENATOR.*. 
 
 Orville H. Piatt. Meriden. J. K. Hawley, Hartford. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 E. S. Henrv, Rockville. N. D. Sperrv, New Haven. 
 
 C. A. Russell, KiUingly. E. J. Hill, Xorwalk. 
 
 o Took his seat February 9, 1898. ("SeatsuccessfuUy conte.sted by W. F. Aldrich. 
 
 32.5 
 
326 
 
 OONOKESSK I N A 1. HI KK( T(.Hi V . 
 DKLAWAKK. 
 
 SKXATOW*. 
 
 George Gray, WilininptDii. 
 
 K. K. Ki-nni'v, Uhvit. 
 
 KKPHKSEXTATIVK. 
 
 Levin I. llanily, Newark. 
 FLOHIDA. 
 
 Samuel I'asco, Montirello. 
 S. M. Sparkiimii, Tampa. 
 
 Augustus O. Macon, Macnn. 
 
 SKN All 1 !{.'<. 
 HEl'ltKSKNT.MlVRs. 
 
 (;k<)K<;ia. 
 
 .SENATnUs. 
 
 HEPHESEMATIVKS. 
 
 Rufus K. Ijcster, Savannah. 
 Klijah B. Lewis. Monteznina. 
 J.. K. Liviniiston. Kind's. 
 JdliM \V. Maililox, Kcinu". 
 Farisli C. Tate, Jasper. 
 William G. Brantlev, Brunswick. 
 
 S. 1\. Mallnrv, I'ensaciila. 
 
 Robert \V. Davis, I'alatka. 
 
 Ale.NauflerS. Clay, Marietta. 
 
 James M. Griggs, Dawson. 
 
 William ('. .\ilamson. Carrollton. 
 ('. L. BarllotI, Macon. 
 William M. llowani, l.«xington. 
 William H. Fleming, Augusta. 
 
 George L. Shoup, Boise. 
 
 11 (Alio. 
 SEXATtlKS. 
 
 UEl'UENE.NTATIVE. 
 
 James (innn, Boise. 
 l-LLISOIS. 
 
 llenrv lleitleld, Lewiston. 
 
 Shelby M. C'uUoni, Springlield. 
 
 K. D. Cooke," Chicago. 
 
 William Lorinier, Chicago. 
 
 Daniel \V. Mills, Chicago. 
 
 11. S. lii.uli'll,'' Chicago. 
 
 A. .1. Hopkins. Aur<)ra. 
 
 (ieorgf \V. I'rince, (ialesbnrg. 
 
 Joseph (i. Cannon, Danville. 
 
 Joseph V. (iniff, IVkin. 
 
 WilhaLn II. llinrichsen, Jacksonville. 
 
 Thomas M. Jett, Ilillsboro. 
 
 James R. Campbell, McLeansboro. 
 
 (u'orge W. Smith, Muvphyslxiro. 
 
 REPRESE.NT ATI V ts. 
 
 David Turpie, Indianapolis. 
 
 James A. Hemenway, Boonvill 
 William T. Z<'nor, Corydon. 
 (ieorge W. Karis, Terre llanle. 
 Jc-ise Overstrcet, Indianapolis. 
 Charles B. Ijindis, Delphi, 
 (ieorge W.. Steele, Marion. 
 L. W. Koyse, Wart«w. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REI'RE.SEXT.\TIVES. 
 
 William K. Ma.^on, Chicago. 
 
 James R. Mann, Chicago. 
 H. R. Belknap, Chicago, 
 (ieorge K. White, Chicago, 
 (ieorge K. Koss, Chicago. 
 Robert R. llitt. Mount xMorris. 
 Walter Reeves. Streator. 
 V. Warner, Clinton. 
 B. F. Marsh, Warsaw. 
 Jame.s \. Connolly, Springfield. 
 Andrew J. Hunter, Paris. 
 Jehu Baker, Belleville. 
 
 Charles W. F'airl^nks, Indianapolis. 
 
 Rol)ert W. Miers, Bloomington. 
 F. M. (iriffllh,' Vevay. 
 Henry f. Johnson, Richmond. 
 Charles L. Henry, .\nderson. 
 I'.dirar D. Cnnnpacker, Valparaiso. 
 James M. Robinson, Fort Wiivm- 
 W. S. Ilolman,'' Auroni. 
 
 iinii-<l.iimi-j:i. iwi". 
 
 '■Tmik lilssint Iliil'inlHTf.. 1K97. 
 
 '-Tiiuk Ills M'lit Dei'cmbvr li, 1W7, to Oil rnciiiu'r cniistMl liy Ilie iloatli u( \V. S. Holrann. 
 
 rfDlcd April 22, 1897. 
 
FIB'TY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 
 
 327 
 
 William B. Allison, Dubuque. 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 KEI-UESENTATIVES. 
 
 Sam'l M. Clark, Keokuk. 
 D. B. Henderson, Duliuijue. 
 Robert G. Cousin.s, Tijiton. 
 John A. T. Hull, Des Moines. 
 A. L. Hager, Greenfield. 
 George D. Perkins, Sioux City. 
 
 Lucien Baker, Leavenworth. 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 J. D. Botkin, Winfield. 
 Marion S. Peters, Kansas City. 
 Charles Curtis, Topeka. 
 "W. B. McConnick, Phillipsburg. 
 
 William Lindsay, Frankfort. 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Charles K. AVheeler, Pa<lucah. 
 
 John S. Rhea, Russellville. 
 
 Walter Evans, Louisville. 
 
 E. E. Settle, Owenton. 
 
 S. J. Pugh, \'anceburg. 
 
 D. G. Colson, Middlesboro. 
 
 Donelson Cafferv, Franklin. 
 
 LOUISLANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Adolph Jleyer, New Orleans. 
 Roliert F. Broussard, New Dieria. 
 Samuel T. Baird, Bastrop. 
 
 John H. Gear, Burlington. 
 
 George M. Curtis, Clinton. 
 Thomas Updegraff, McGregor. 
 J. F. Jjacey, Oskaloosa. 
 AYilliam P. Hei^burn, Clarinda. 
 J. P. Dolliver, Fort Dodge. 
 
 William A. Harris, Linwood. 
 
 Case Broderick, Holton. 
 E. R. Ridgely, Pittsl.mrg. 
 William D. Vinoent, Clay Center. 
 Jerry Simpson, Medicine Lodge. 
 
 William J. Deboe, Marion. 
 
 J. D. Clardv, Newstead. 
 D. H. Smith, Hodgensville. 
 A. S. Berry, Newport. 
 George 5L Davidson, Stanford. 
 T. Y. Fitzpatrick,Prestonburg. 
 
 S. G. McEnerv, New Orleans. 
 
 Robert C. Davey, New Orleans. 
 
 Henry AV. Ogden, Benton. 
 
 Samuel M. Robertson, Baton Rouge. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. 
 
 S. L. :Milliken," Belfa-st. 
 Nelson Dingley,'' Lewiston. 
 C. A. Boutelle, Bangor. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William P. Frve, Lewiston. 
 
 Thomas B. Reed, Portland. 
 E. C. Burleigh, '■ Augusta. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 A. P. Gorman, Laurel. 
 
 I. A. Barber, Easton. 
 William S. Booze, Baltimore. 
 Sydney E. Mudd, Laplata. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 G. L. Wellington, Cumberland. 
 
 W. B. Baker, Aljerdeen. 
 William W. Mclntyre, Baltimore. 
 J. McDonald, Rockville. 
 
 oDied April 18, 1897. f> DiedJanuary 13, 1899. c Elected in place ol S. L. Milliicen, and took his seat July 1, 1897. 
 
:S2H 
 
 CONOKESSIONAL DIKEC'TdRY. 
 
 MASSACHrsKTTS. 
 
 Georpe K. Hoar. Worcester. 
 
 SKNATOIIS. 
 
 RKI'RhSENTATIVEH. 
 
 ,liw|ili II. Walker. Worci'fitor. 
 William S. Kiidx, l,awrciu't'. 
 William I-;. Barrett, Melrose. 
 John V. Kitzv'enild, licpston. 
 Charles F. Spra^'iie, Hronkline. 
 W. S. (ireene," Fall Kiver. 
 A. B. AVrijrht,'' North A.lams. 
 F. II. (iillett, SpriiiL'tield. 
 
 Henry C Lodge, Nahaiit. 
 
 (ieortie W. Wevmouth, FilchlmrR. 
 
 William II. M' ly. Haverhill. 
 
 Saiiuiel W. McCall, Wiiiclie,«ter. 
 Samuel J. Harrows. Huston. 
 William ('. Loveriii;;, Taunton, 
 .lohn Sini|)kin.s, '■ Yarmouth, 
 (ieorjre 1' I.,a\vreii(e,'' North Adams. 
 
 :\IKHRiAN. 
 
 James McMillan, Detroit. 
 
 RErRE8ENTATIVE.S. 
 
 •lohn H. Corlifxa, Detroit. 
 A. M. Todd, Kalamazoo. 
 W. A. Smith, (irand Hapids. 
 Horaee(i. Snover, I'ort .\ustin. 
 Koswell I". Hishci|i, Ludin^ton. 
 VV. S. Me*iek, Maiicelona. 
 
 Julius C. Burrows, Kalamazoo. 
 
 George SpaldinfT, Monroe. 
 Kdward I,. Hamilton. Niles. 
 Samuel W. Smith, I'ontiae. 
 F. Hruiker. Sajrinaw. 
 R. (». Crump. We.-<t Hav Citv. 
 C. D. Shelden, Houghton. 
 
 MINNESOTA. 
 
 Cushman K. Davis, St. Paul 
 
 James A. Tawnev, Winona. 
 J. P. Heatwole, Northtield. 
 I'ago Morris, Duluth. 
 F. C. Stevens, St. Paul. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPHESEXTATIVl->i 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 Knute Nelson, Alexandria. 
 
 .1. T. McCleary, Mankato. 
 Loren Fletcher, Minneapolis. 
 F. M. Eddy, (ilenwood. 
 
 James Z. George, ' Carrollton. 
 W. V. Sullivan, .'' Oxford. 
 
 John M. .\llen, Tupelo. 
 T. C. Catihings, Vickshurg. 
 John S. Williams. Yazoo. 
 Patrick Ilenrv, Brandon. 
 
 SEXAT()R.S. 
 
 REPRESEXTATIVE.S. 
 
 MISSOl'KI. 
 
 II. I). Money, f Carrollton. 
 Edward C. Walthall,* tirenada. 
 
 Thomas Spight, ' Kipley. 
 .\ndrew F. Fox. Westpoint. 
 F. A. M« I.ain.J (il.ister. 
 W.F. Love.* (iloster. 
 
 F. M. Coi-krell, Warrensburg. 
 
 J. T. Lloyd,' Shelbyville. 
 A. M. Dockery, (iailalin. 
 W. S. Cowherd, Kan.-as City. 
 James Cooney, Marshall. 
 Champ Clark, Bowling (ireen. 
 Charles F. Joy, SI. l^mis. 
 Edward Uolili, Perryville. 
 M. E. Kenton, Neosho. 
 
 REPRKSKSTATIVES. 
 
 George G. Vest, Sweetsprings. 
 
 U. N. Bodine, Paris. 
 
 C. F. Cochran. St. Jo.seph. 
 
 I). A. De Armon.l, Butler. 
 
 R. P. Bland. Lehanon. 
 
 Richard Bartholdt. St. Louis. 
 
 Charles E. I'eane, .S|. l^iuis. 
 
 W. I>. Vandiver, Cape Ginirdeau. 
 
 oTooli Ms sent .Iiiiii' 15. 1898; olcctod tojiircowl .hilin SlmpkiiiH. (lcceoj»"il. 
 6Ui«l AiiKiisi 11. 1S97. 
 eDlifl Miirrh JV. IH'.W 
 
 *T<i<>lc Ills sent Dcii-mbcr fi. 1897: clccli'rt in pliicc <il A. B. Writihl, <lcii'n«'<l. 
 »I>ll<l AllKilsl II, IH97. 
 
 /TiKik lii.H KMii .Miiv 31. 1898; iippoiiiK'd to (III vacnncy eaiiM.'(l liy ilciilli of K. r. WhIiIihII. 
 
 bT<«.U Ills Mill liicciiibfr 7, 189<; BUlmctiueiilly t'ki'tc-d to till v«oanoy ciiiiscd by il™ili of J. Z. Uforge. and look his seat 
 Jniiiiiirv ■.'!, iw.w. 
 *I)i.-.l April Jl. 189S. 
 
 ITiHik hl« •■•(•III I finlHT .'i. 1898. lo Oil viirnTu-v ciuhkhI hy W. V. SiiUivaii Ix'comliiK I'liltod SInlfs Srnalor. 
 
 iKI<M'ii'<l to -lUTffd \V. K. I-ovi'. difi'H.'H'd. and liKik his neat neci*mlxT \2, 18W. 
 
 *l)lfd IKtobiT Ifi. 1898. 
 
 'Eli-ctvd t««uctfcd R. P. Ollm, wlmdled November 17, 1896. 
 
Lee Mantel, Butte. 
 
 FIFTY-FIFTH (INGRESS. 
 MONTANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 T. H. Carter, Helena. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 C. S. Hartraan, Bozeman. 
 
 329 
 
 William V. Allen, Madisdu. 
 
 Jesse B. Strode, Lincoln. 
 Samuel Maxwell, Fremont. 
 R. D. Sutherland, Nelson. 
 
 NEBRASKA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 ,Tohn M. Tliurstiin, Omaha. 
 
 D. H. Mercer, Omaha. 
 William L. Stark, Aurora. 
 William L. Greene, Kearney. 
 
 John P. Jones, Goldhill. 
 
 William M. Stewart, Carson tUty. 
 
 NEVADA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 F. G. Newlands, Reno. 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 William E. Chandler, Concord. J. H. Gallinger, Concord. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 C. A. SuUoway, Manchester. F. G. Clarke, Petersboro. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 James Smith, Newark. 
 
 H. C. Loudenslager, Paulsboro. 
 B. F. Howell, New Brunswick. 
 James F. Stewart, Paterson. 
 Thomas McEwan, Jersey City. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 \V. J. Sewell, Camden. 
 
 .T. J. Gardnei-, Atlantic City. 
 M. Pitnev," Jlorristown. 
 R. W. Parker, Newark. 
 C. N. Fowler, Elizabeth. 
 
 Edward Mnrpliy, Troy. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Francis H. Wilson, '' Brooklyn. 
 D. M. Hurley, <■ Brooklyn. 
 I. F. Fischer, Brooklyn. 
 James R. Howe, Brooklyn. 
 John IM. Mitchell, New York. 
 Amos J. Cummings, New York. 
 George B. McClellan, New York. 
 Lemuel E. Quigg, New York. 
 William L. Ward, Port Chester. 
 John H. Ketchani, Dover Plains. 
 George N. Southwick, Albany. 
 L. N. Littauer, Gloversville. 
 C. A. Chickering, Copenhagen. 
 George W. Ray, Norwich. 
 Sereno E. Payne, Auburn. 
 J. W. Warlsworth, Geneseo. 
 R. B. Mahany, Buffalo. 
 Warren B. Hooker,'' Fredonia. 
 
 Thcimas C. Piatt, Owego. 
 
 Joseph M. Belford, Riverhead. 
 E. H. Driggg, ^ Brooklyn. 
 Charles G. Bennett, Brooklyn. 
 J. H. G. Vehslage, New York. 
 Thomas J. Bradley, New York. 
 William Sulzer, New York. 
 Richard C. Shannon, New York. 
 P. B. Low, New York. 
 B. B. Odell, Newburgh. 
 \. V. S. Cochrane, Hudson. 
 David T. Wilber, Oneonta. 
 Wallace T. Foote, Port Henry. 
 James S. Sherman, I'tira. 
 James J. Belden, Svracusc. 
 Charles W. Gillet, Addi.son. 
 H. C. Brewster, Rochester. 
 D. S. Alexander, Buffalo. 
 
 a Resigned January 10, 1899. 
 1 Ri-signc(i September 30, 1897. 
 <• Dieil February M, 1899. 
 
 tl Resigned November 11. 1898. 
 
 <• Elei'ted t<i succeed F. H. Wilson, resigned, luul uwk his .seat 
 December 6, 1897. 
 
:\:w 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOKY. 
 NORTH CAKOl.INA. 
 
 .T. C. rrilrlmnl, Marshall. 
 
 Ilairv Skinner. (irciMivillc. 
 Jdhn" K. I'liw Icr, ('linton. 
 William \V. Kitcliin, Koxtwini. 
 A. ('. Sliufcinl, Newton. 
 Kieliniond IVareon, Aslievilli-. 
 
 SKN.\Tl>KS. 
 
 RKPRESKSTATIVES*. 
 
 Marion Bntler. Klliot. 
 
 (uMir^re 11. While, Tarboro. 
 William 1'. SI rowel, Chapelhill. 
 Clunles 11. Martin, I'olkton. 
 H. /. I.inney, Tavlon-ville. 
 
 NORTH hakota. 
 
 SKSATOHS. 
 
 II. C. llanslmm^h, Devils Lake. \Villian, N. U.K.eh. I.arin.ore. 
 
 UK1'HE.'<KST.\TIVE. 
 
 Martin N. .h>hn.<on, IVtershnrt;. 
 OHIO. 
 
 John Sherman," ManslieM. 
 Marcus A. nanna,* C'levelaml. 
 
 SEX.\TORS. 
 
 REPREJEXIWTIVES. 
 
 William H. Shaltne, Madisonvil 
 John L. Krenner, Dayton. 
 David Meekison, Napoleon. 
 Walter h. Weaver, Sprinsiliel-l. 
 J. H. Southard, Toledo. 
 ('. II. Cirosvenor, Athens. 
 James A. Norton, Tillin. 
 11. ('. Van Voorhis, Zanesville. 
 J. A. McDowell, Millershnrj,'. 
 Charles Diek. -• Akron. 
 T. K. Hiirtoi -land. 
 
 Joseph B. Koraker, Cincinnati. 
 
 J. C. Bromwell, WvomiiiK. 
 G. A. ]\Iarshall, Sidney. 
 ,Seth W. llrown, Lohanon. 
 Archihald Lyhraiid, Delawaiv. 
 Lucien J. Fenton, Winchester. 
 John J. I.eiilz, Cohimhiis. 
 Winlield S, Kerr, Mansfield. 
 Lorenzo Danford. St. Clairsville. 
 Hohert W. Tavler, Lishon. 
 ('. H. Beach, Cleveland. 
 S. A. Northwav,'' Jeffer.-'on. 
 
 OREGON. 
 
 (;. W. McHride. St. Helens 
 T. 11. Tnn;;ne, Hillslioro. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 K K I'KESE.ST ATI V KS. 
 
 Joseph Simon. I'ortland. 
 William R. Kills, lleppner. 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Si. S. (^iiay, Beaver. 
 
 KEPRESEXTATIV|.> 
 
 (i. A. (irow, <ilenwonil. 
 II. II. Hin^'ham, Thiladeli'liia. 
 William MeAleer. riiiladeli>hia. 
 A. C. Ilarmer, I'hiladelphia. 
 I. P. Wani.'er, Norristown. 
 Daniel I'-rmentrout, Keadin^. 
 William Connell, Scrantoii. 
 C. N. Brninm, Minersville. 
 J. K. ('oddiim. Towanda. 
 Monroe II. Knlp, Shamokin. 
 Geor>;eJ. Uenner. Gottyslmrp. 
 I'Mward v.. Rohhins.-Greenslmrg. 
 William 11. < irahani,''^ Allegheny. 
 J. B. Showalter,.'' I'hieora. 
 < harles W. Stone. Warren. 
 W. A. Stone,!' Allegheny. 
 
 Boies Penrose, Philadelphia. 
 
 S. \. Davenport, Erie. 
 
 Hol>ert .\<lams, Philadelphia. 
 
 James R. Yonnir. Philadelphia. 
 
 T. S. Bntler. Westchester. 
 
 W. S. Kirkpalrii k. l':;i.''ton. 
 
 M. Brosins, Lancaster. 
 
 Morpui 11. Williams. V.ilkisliarri 
 
 M. K. Olmst.d. Harrislmrg. 
 
 H. B. Packer. WclLsKiro. 
 
 T. M. Mahon. Chambershnfu. 
 
 Josiah n. Hicks, Altrioiia. 
 
 John Dal/ell, Pill.sbinv. 
 
 E, V. .\cheson. Wa.shinnlon. 
 
 J. C. Stnrtevant. tUiiincantville. 
 
 William C. AruoW, Dubois. 
 
 II Unwiviipa Miirrh .1 1897. to iH'comc Sccrctrtry of SliiU'. " ... 
 
 •J Ki'-lk'nirt to ln-«-omc (iovomor of IViiiisylvniifn. 
 
 Is wnl March l.'i. 1897. 
 
 DccemtKT .'>. IWW. 
 
FIFTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. 
 
 331 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Nelson !M. Aldrich, Providence. 
 
 George P. Wetmore, Newport. 
 
 REPRESEXT.\TIVES. 
 
 Melville Bull, Mid.lletown. A. B. Capron, Stillwater. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 J. H. Earle," Greenville. 
 
 J. L. McLaurin,'' Marlboro Connty. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William Elliott, Beaufort. 
 \. C. Latimer, Belton. 
 T. J. Strait, Lancaster. 
 J. AV. Stokes, Orangeburg. 
 
 R. F. Pettigrew, Sioux Falls. 
 Freeman Knowles, Deadwood. 
 
 B. R. Tillman, Trenton. 
 
 W. J. Talbert, Porksville. 
 Stanyarne Wilson, Sjiartanljurg. 
 James Norton, '' Mullins. 
 J. L. McLaurin,'' Marlboro County. 
 
 Isham G. Harris, <" Memphis. 
 Thomas B. Turley,/ Memphis. 
 
 SOUTH DAKOTA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Walter P. Brownlow, Jonesboro. 
 John A. Moon, Chattanooga. 
 James D. Richardson, Murfreesboro. 
 N. N. Cox, Franklin. 
 R. A. Pierce, Union Citv. 
 
 Roger Q. Mills, Corsicana. 
 
 Thomas H. Ball, Huntsville. 
 R. C. DeGraft'enreid, Longview. 
 Joseph W. Bailey, Gainesville. 
 Robert L. Henry, Waco. 
 J. I). Savers,'' Bastrop. 
 Rudolph Kleberg, Cuero. 
 J. H. Stephens, Vernon. 
 
 TEXAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 James H. Kyle, Aberdeen. 
 John E. Kelley, Flandreau. 
 
 Wilham B. Bate, Nashville. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Henry R. Gibson, Knoxville. 
 Benton McMillan, f/ Carthage. 
 John W. Gaines, Nashville. 
 T. W. Sims, Linden. 
 E. W. Carmack, Memphis. 
 
 Horace Chilt , Tyler. 
 
 Sam M. Cooper, Beaumont. 
 
 John W. Cranford, ' Sulphur Springs. 
 
 Rol;)ert E. Burke, Dallas. 
 
 S. W. Lanham, Weatherford. 
 
 R. B. Hawley, Galveston. 
 
 James L. Slavden, San Antonio. 
 
 UTAH. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Joseph L. Rawlins, Salt Lake City. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 William 11. Kintr, .Salt Lake Citv. 
 
 Reiifield Proctor, Proctor. 
 Justin S. Morrill, J Strafford. 
 
 H. H. Powers, Morrisville. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 Jonatlian Ross,< St. Johnsburv. 
 
 W. W. Grout, Barton. 
 
 a Died May 20, 1897. 
 
 '' TcHik his seat June 1, 1S97, having been appointed to fill vacancy caused by death of J. H. Earle^ Mibsoqiientlv elected 
 by le^'islatnrc. 
 
 '■ Tndk liis scat December 6. 1897, to fill vacancy caused bv resignation of J. L. McLaurin. 
 
 '(KesiKued to become United States Senator May 31, 1897. 
 
 « Died ,Iuly s, 1897. 
 
 /Appointed in place of I. G. Harris, deceased, and took his seat December G, 1897; subsequently elected and took his 
 seat Fehniiiry 11, 1898. 
 
 « Rcsinincl .laiiiiiiry IB, 1897, to become governor of Tennessee. 
 
 'i i;e<iKiicii .lanuary 16, 1899, to become governor of Te.xas. 
 
 !l>ied March 2 ,1899. 
 
 J Died DiTomber 28, 1898. 
 
 «;,\pp(,)inted to fill vacancy caused by death of .1. .S. Morrill, and tcwik his seat .January 16. 1899. 
 
:ui2 
 
 CONOBESSIONAI, DlREt'TURV. 
 VIUCilNlA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 J.iliii \V. Daiiifl, Lynchburg. 
 
 Thomac S. Martin, Soottfville. 
 
 KEPUESENTATIVES. 
 
 William A. Yonii).'/' Norfolk. 
 K. A. Wise,'' Williainslmrj;. 
 Kohirt T. Thorp/ Mt(kU'nl)erg. 
 Petfr.I. <»t»'V, lAiuhbinv. 
 John V. Kixey, lirandy. 
 Jaool) Yost, t^taunton. 
 
 William A. .Tones, Warsaw. 
 .Iiihii l.amli, Kichmonil. 
 C. \. Swaiisoii, Chatliam. 
 .Tames I lav, Mailison. 
 James A. Walker, Wytheville. 
 Pvdnev P. Epes.'' Blackstone. 
 
 John I.. Wilson, Ppokane. 
 James II. Lewis, Seattle. 
 
 C. J. Fanlkner, Martinsburg. 
 
 B. H. Dovener, Wheeling. 
 
 C. P. Dorr, Addison. 
 
 John T. Mitchell, Milwaukee. 
 
 llenrv A. Cooper, Ra<-ine. 
 J. W.' Haliioek, Neee<lali. 
 S. S. Barney. West Bend. 
 M. <iriltin,'l".aii Claire. 
 A. .Stewart, Wausau. 
 
 WASHIXC.TOX. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 REPRESESTATIVES. 
 
 WEST VIRGINIA. 
 
 SENATOKS. 
 UEl'KESENTATIVES. 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 SEN.VT0R8. 
 KEPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 (ieorne Turner, Spokane. 
 William C. Jones, Spokane. 
 
 !*. IV Klkins. l^'.lkins. 
 
 A. (!'. Davton, Philippi. 
 Warren ^Iill«•r. Jaekson. 
 
 Jiilui C. Spooner, Madison. 
 
 WYO.MING. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 C. I). Clark, Kvanston. 
 
 K. Saucrlierriii);, Mayville. 
 TheoV)ol(l (Itjeii, Milwaukee. 
 James H. Davidson, t)shkosh. 
 E. S. Minor, Sturpeon Bay. 
 J. J. Jenkins, Chipi>ewa Kails. 
 
 I", i;. Warren, Cheyenne. 
 
 REl'KESKNTATIVE. 
 
 J. E. Osborne, Rawlins. 
 A HI /.UNA TERRITORY. 
 
 OELEtiATE. 
 
 M. A. Smith. Tucson. 
 Ti:Ki;ri<M;Y *»!•' new MEXICO. 
 
 nELEOATE. 
 
 11. 1'.. KerpusHon, Albuqueniue. 
 OKLAHOMA TERRITORY. 
 
 DEI.EC.ATE. 
 
 James Y. Callabaii, Guthrie. 
 
 nrnscntwl April ». IS*-^, 
 kTook his «■«! April 'A, 189«. 
 
 <-Tnolc his wnt Mnrch 2S. 1M8. ,,,,„„ 
 
 ■ISi-at sm'it'Hsdilly i-onlvs'tcd by R. T. Thorp. 
 
FIFTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 
 
 First session front December 4, /.s'.'y.v, la. lime 7, 1900. Second session from Decembers, 1900, to March 4, IHOI. 
 
 Vice-President — (iarret A. 1 Iohaisi', >' of New Jersey. President pro lemjiore of the Senate — Wil- 
 liam P. Frye, of Maine. Secrelorj/ ofllie Senate — C. G. Bennett, of New York. 
 
 Speaker of the House — David B. Henderson, of Iowa. Clerk of the House — Alexandkk McPoweli., 
 of Pennsylvania. 
 
 ■Tohn T. Morgan, Selma. 
 
 George W. Taylor, Deiuoiiolis. 
 H. DeLamar Clayton, Eiifaiila. 
 John H. Bankheail, Fayette. 
 Joseph Wheeler,'' Wheeler. 
 William F. Aldrieh,'' Alilrich. 
 Jesse F. Stallings, Greenville. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 senators. 
 
 kei-resentatives. 
 
 James II. Berrv, Bentonvillc 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 senators. 
 
 representatives. 
 
 V. T>. McC'nlloeh, ^larianna. 
 Thomas C. McRae, Prescott. 
 Hugh A. Dinsmore, Favetteville. 
 
 George G. Perkins, Oaklanil. 
 
 John A. Barhani, Santa Rosa. 
 Victor II. Metcalf, Oakland. 
 Kugene F. Lond, San Francisco. 
 James C. Needhani, Modesto. 
 
 CALIFORNIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REI"RE.SENTATIVES. 
 
 Fdward O. Wolcott, Denver. 
 John F. Shafroth. Denver. 
 
 Orville II. Piatt. Mcridcn. 
 
 E. S. Henry, Rockville. 
 Charles A. Russell, Killingly. 
 
 {COLORADO. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 ItEI'HESENTATIVES. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REI'RESEXTATIVES. 
 
 E. W. Pettns, Selnia. 
 
 (i. A. Rohhins,'' Dallas County. 
 AVillis Brewer, Ilayneville. 
 John L. Burnett, (iadsden. 
 O. W. Underwood, Birmingham. 
 William Rii'hanlson," Hnntsville. 
 
 James K. Jones, Washington. 
 
 John S. Little, (ireenwood. 
 William L. Terry, Little Rock. 
 Stephen Brundidge, Searcy. 
 
 Thomas Holiert Bard,.'' Hueneme. 
 
 Marion DeVries,f/ Stockton. 
 Juliu.s Kahn, San Francisco. 
 Russel J. Waters, Los Angeles. 
 Samuel D. Woods,'' Stockton. 
 
 Henry M. Teller, Central City. 
 John C. Hell, Montrose. 
 
 Joseph K. llawley, Hartford. 
 
 N. D. Sperrv, New Haven. 
 E. J. Hill, Norwalk. 
 
 " Hied NovombtT 21, 1899. 
 
 '' i;esiKiu-(l April 20, 1900. 
 
 .■Tiiok his s,-,il Murc-hS, 1900. 
 
 ''SiMt siiiii-ssliilly comcslcd by \V. F. AUlrk'h. 
 
 ' Klci-ti'l ill plHri.. of ,liisi'|ili WhcBicr, and took his .seat DwtemhiT 3. 1900. 
 
 /T.ii.k liiNsfiil March.'), 1900. 
 
 « Rusiguud .VUKUSt 20, 1900. 
 
 iKUsi : 
 ''Elected to till vacancy cunsni by rcsisiniition of Mnrioii lirVrii's niui took his sent December :!, 1900. 
 
 333 
 
334 CONORKSSItiNAL IUKKCTOKV. 
 
 DKLAWAKE. 
 
 SEXATOIiS. 
 
 * Kic-liiinl K. Kciiiiey, Dover. Vacant. 
 
 HErnESEXTATIVR-'. 
 
 .loliM II. IIuffckiT," SiiiyiiKi. Walter <). HoffecktT. ^ 
 
 FLORIDA. 
 
 SKNATOns. 
 
 Steplu-n K. Mullory, I'fiiKUdla. Jame.4 P. Taliaferro, JaekiionviUe. 
 
 REI'RE.SENT.\TIVE.». 
 
 S. M. Sparkinan, Taiiii)a. Robert W. Davi.«, Palatka. 
 
 (iEORGIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Auguctu.s O. Baeon, ^lacoii. A. S. Clay, Marietta. 
 
 I^Kl'RESKNTATIVKS. 
 
 Riifiis K. I-fster, Savannah. 
 Klijah I!. Lewis, Montezuma. 
 Leiiiiidas 1'". Liviiij^'ston, Kinjp<. 
 .lolin W. JIa.l.lox, Rome. 
 Farrisli C. Tate, .la.s])er. 
 William G. Brantley, Brunswick. 
 
 Jame.s M. Griggs, Dawson. 
 William C .\iiamson, ("arrollton. 
 Charles L. I5artlett, Maeon. 
 William ^L Howard, l>*».vington. 
 William II. Kleming, Augusta. 
 
 IDAHO. 
 
 SESATORS. 
 
 tieorge L. Shoup, Boise. Henry Heitfeld, Lewistou. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Edgar Wilson, Boise City. 
 
 ILLLXOIS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Shelby M. Ciillom. Sjiringfield. 
 
 REI'RESENTATI V ES. 
 
 James li. .Maiui. Chicago. 
 
 (ieorge 1'. Foster, Chicago. 
 
 Kilward T. Nooiian, Chicago. 
 
 < ieorge K. Foss, Chicago. 
 
 R. R. Hitt, Mount Morris. 
 
 Walter Reeves, Streator. 
 
 Vesiiasian Warner, Clinton. 
 
 Benjamin F. Marsh, Warsaw. 
 
 B. F. CaMwell, CImthaTii. 
 
 .loseph B. Crowley, Robinson. 
 
 William. .V Rodenberg, Fast St. Louis. 
 
 William F. MjLsim, Chicago. 
 
 William Lorimer, Chicago. 
 Thomas Cu.sack, Chicago. 
 Henry S. Boutell, Chicago. 
 A. J. Hopkins, Aurora, 
 (ioo. W. Prince, (ialesburg. 
 J. (i. Cannon, Danville. 
 Joseph V. (iraff, Peoria. 
 W. F. Williams, Pittslield. 
 Thomas M. Jett, Ilillsboro. 
 James R. Williams, Carmi. 
 George W. Smith, ilurphysboro. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 SEXATOR.S. 
 
 Charles W. Fairbanks, Indianapolis. 
 
 UKI'RESEXTATIVIus, 
 
 James A. Henienway, Boonville. 
 William T. Zeiior, Corydon. 
 (ieorge W. Faris, Terre Haute. 
 .Ie.s.se Overstreet, Iinlianapolis. 
 Charles I!. Landis. Delphi. 
 George W. Steele, Marion. 
 Abraham L. Brick, South Bend. 
 
 nDiedJune Ifi, 1900. 
 
 .\lbert J. 15everidge, IndianaiMiIis. 
 
 Uobert W. Miors, Bloomington. 
 F. M. (irillith, Vevay. 
 .lames F. Wal.son. Rushville. 
 (ieorge W. Cromer, Muniie. 
 F<lg;ir D. CrumiMicker. Valparaiso. 
 .lames M. Robinson. Fort Wayne. 
 
 (■Took his Kvat Dcc'vmbi'r 3, 1900. 
 
FIFTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 
 
 335 
 
 John H. Gear," Burlington. 
 J. P. Dolliver,'' Fort Dodge. 
 
 Thomas Hedge, Burlington. 
 D. B. Henderson, <• Dubuque. 
 Roljert G. Cousins, Tipton. 
 John A. T. Hull, Des :Moines. 
 Snnth McPherson,'' Red Oak. 
 Lot Thomas, Storm Lake. 
 James P. Connor, < Denison. 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William B. Allison, Dubuque. 
 
 Joe R. Lane, Davenport. 
 G. N. Haugen, Norwood. 
 John F. Laccy, Oskaloosa. 
 William P. llei)burn, Clarinda. 
 J. P. DoUiver, 'j Fort Dodge. 
 Walter I. Smith,./' Council Bluffs. 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Lucien Baker, Leavenworth. 
 
 REPRESENT.iTIVES. 
 
 Willis J. Bailey, Baileyville. 
 J. De Witt Bowersock, Lawrence. 
 James M. Miller, Council Grove. 
 William A. Reeder, Logan. 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 William A. Harris. Linwood. 
 
 Charles Curtis, Topeka. 
 
 E. R. Ridgely, Pittsburg. 
 
 W. A. Calderhead, Slarysville. 
 
 Chester I. Long, Medicine Lodge. 
 
 William Lindsay, Frankfort. 
 
 REPREiSENTATI VES. 
 
 E. E. Settle, r/ Owenton. 
 Henry 1). Allen, Morgantield. 
 David H. Smith, Hodgensville. 
 Albert S. Berry, Newport. 
 George G. Gilbert, Shelbyville. 
 Thomas Y. Fitzjiatrick, Prestonburg. 
 
 William J. Deboe, Marion. 
 
 Charles K. Wheeler, Paducah. 
 John S. Rhea, Russellville. 
 Oscar Turner, Jefferson County. 
 JuneW. Gayle.'' Owenton. 
 Samuel J. Pugh, Vanceburg. 
 Yincent Boreing, Loudon. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 Donelson Caffery, Franklin. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 .\dolph Meyer, New Orleans. 
 Robert F. Broussard, New Iberia. 
 Joseph E. Ransdell, ' Lake Providence. 
 S. T. Baird,J Bastrop. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 S. D. McEnery, New Orleans. 
 
 Rol>ert C. Davey, New Orleans. 
 Phanor Breazeale, Natchitoches. 
 S. M. Robertson, Baton Rouge. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 William P. Frye, Lewiston. Eugene Hale, Ellswurtli. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Amos L. Allen,'.- Alfred. Charles E. Littlefield, Rockland 
 
 Edw-in C. Burleigh, Augusta. Charles A. Bciutelle, Baug(.ir. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 George L. ^\'ellington, Cumberland. 
 
 Louis E. McComas, AVilliurasport. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Joseph L. Kerr, ' Cambridge. William B. Baker, Aberdeen. 
 
 Frank C. Wachter, Baltimore. James \Y. Denny, Baltimore. 
 
 Sydney E. INIudd, Laplata. George A. Pearre, Cumberland. 
 John \V. Smith,"' Snowhill. 
 
 '1 Died July 14, 1900. 
 
 t> Appointort United State.s Senator in place of John H. Gear, deceased, and took his seat Deeem-ber 4, 1900. 
 
 <'EK'i-tL'd sj.eaker December 4, 1K99. 
 
 rt ReslKiied June 6, 19U0. 
 
 I- Elected in place of J. P. DoUver, appointed to United States Senate. 
 
 / Elected in place of Smith McPherson, and took his seat December 3, 1900. 
 
 Died November IB, 1S99. 
 
 '1 Elected at a special election December IS, 1899, to fill the unexpired term of Hon. E. E. Settle. Took his seat January 
 
 '■ Elected to succeed S. T. Baird, deceased. 
 jDied .\pril 22. 1899. 
 
 * Elei^ted in place of T. B. Reed, re-signed. 
 
 ' Elected in place of John W. Smith, resigned, and toot his seat December 3, 1900. 
 '" Resigned January 12, 1900. 
 
33(5 
 
 CONORESSIONAI, DIRECTORY. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 8ENATOHS. 
 
 George K. Hoar, Wnnvstcr. 
 
 HKI'RI-MRXTATIVKS. 
 
 (leorf;!' I'. I^awreiu'c, North Ailains. 
 Jolin 1{. 'riiayt'r, Worci'stvr. 
 William S. Knox. I.awri-nce. 
 I'.riH-st \V. KoIktIs. Chelsea. 
 .1. 1". l'"it/,«eraM. liostoii. 
 Charles F. Sprajiiie, Hrookliiie. 
 Williams, lireene, Fall Kivcr. 
 
 James McMillan, Detroit. 
 
 MICllKIAN. 
 
 SKN".\TOH.s. 
 H KPKESEXT.tTI VES. 
 
 John H. Corli.*.", Detroit. 
 \Va.«hinjrtoii (iardner, Albion. 
 William \. Smith, tiraiul Hajiids. 
 Edtrar Weeks, Monnt Clemens. 
 Roswell r. liisliop, l,U(linf;ton. 
 William S. Mesiek, Maneclima. 
 
 Knnte Nelson, Ali>xaniiria. 
 Cliarles A. Towne." Dnhith. 
 
 James .V. Tawnev, Winona. 
 Joel I*, lleatwole, Northlield. 
 Loren FletchiT, Minneapolis. 
 Frank M. Fddv, (ilenwood. 
 
 MINNESOTA. 
 
 SEX.VTORS. 
 KEPRESEXT.\TIVES. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 SEX.\TORS. 
 
 Will \ an .Vnilierj; Snllivan, Oxford. 
 
 «EI"UESRXT.\TIVES. 
 
 John M. Allen, Tnpelo. 
 Thomas C. Catehincs, Viekshni-p. 
 John S. Williams, Yazoo. 
 Patriek Henry, Brandon. 
 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 SEXATORS. 
 
 George G. Vest, Sweetsprings. 
 
 KKl'Hh>KNTATl\ !■>. 
 
 James T. Lloyd, Shelhyville. 
 John Dougherty, Liberty. 
 William S. Co\vlu-nl, Kanssas City. 
 James Cooney, Marshall. 
 Champ Clark, nowlint; < Ireen. 
 Charles ,loy, St. Louis. 
 Edward Rol)b, Perrvville. 
 M. E. Benton, Neoslio. 
 
 Thoma-s H. Carter, Helena. 
 
 MONTANA. 
 
 SEXATORS. 
 REPRESEXTATIVE. 
 
 Henry C. Lodge, Nahant. 
 
 F. H. Gillett, Springfield. 
 George W. Wevmonth, Fitohburg. 
 William 11. Mo.idv, Haverhill. 
 S. W. McCall, Winchester. 
 Henry F. Na|>hen, Boston. 
 William C. Lovering, Taunton. 
 
 Julius C. lUirrows, Kalamazoo. 
 
 Henry C. Smith, .\drian. 
 Edward L. Ilaiidlton, Niles. 
 Samuel W. Smith, Pontiac. 
 Jost'ph W. Fonlney, Saginaw. 
 Kou.sseau O. Crump, West Bay City. 
 Carhjs I). Shelden, Houghton. 
 
 Cushman K. Davis,'' St. Paul. 
 Moses E. Clai))), 'St. Paul. 
 
 James T. MeCleary, Mankato. 
 Frederiek C. Stevens, St. Paul. 
 Page Morris, Duhith. 
 
 H. D. S. .Monev, CarroUton. 
 
 Thomas Spight, Ripley. 
 Anilrew F. Fox, Westpoint, 
 Frank \. .McLain. tiloster. 
 
 Francis M. Cockrell, Warrensburg. 
 
 William W. Rucker, Keytesville. 
 
 Charles F. Cochran. .S|. Joseph. 
 
 David A. De .\rmond, linller. 
 
 D. W, Shai'klel'onl, Jefferson City. 
 
 Richard I'lartholdt, Si. l.ouis. 
 
 Charles !•;. Pearce, St. Louis. 
 
 Willard D. Vandiver, Ca|H' tiirardeau. 
 
 William A. Clark,-' Butte. 
 
 Albert J. Campbell, Butte. 
 
 <• Appoiiitol I'liltod i^tatCD Scniitor by govenior In fill vniniuv I'liusvd by ilwilli i>f C. K. I>ll^ i 
 10, IDUO. 
 *Dli-cl NovpniUT a". 1900. 
 •■Tiiok his M'lil Juntmrv 'i8, 1901. 
 'iKrsipiuMi Miiv |.'>, 19(10. 
 
 iiiKl timk hl!i.<ipnt December 
 
FIFTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 
 NEBRASKA. 
 
 337 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John M. Thurston, Omaha. 
 
 iloiiroe L. Hay ward," Neljraska City. 
 
 Ehiier J. Burkett, Liucohi. 
 John S. Robinson, Madison. 
 R. D. Sutherland, Nelson. 
 
 KBPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 NEVADA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John p. Jones, (xoldhili. 
 
 William V. Allen,'' Madison. 
 
 D. H. Mercer, Omaha. 
 William L. Stark, Aurora. 
 William Neville, North Platte. 
 
 William M. Stewart, Carson City. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Francis G. Newlands, Reno. 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 William E. Chandler, C!oneord. 
 
 KEPRESENTATI V ES. 
 
 Cyrus A. Sulloway, Manchester. 
 
 William J. Sewell, Camden. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SEN.^TORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Henry C. Loudenslager, Paulsboro. 
 Benjamin F. Howell, New Brunswick. 
 James F. Stewart. Paterfon. 
 William S. Daly,'' Hoboken. 
 Allan L. McDermott, '" Jersey City. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Thomas C. Piatt, ( )wego. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Townsend Scudder, Glenhead. 
 Edmund H. Driggs, Brooklyn. 
 Frank E. Wilson, Brooklyn. 
 Nicholas MuUer, New Brighton. 
 Thomas J. Bradley, New York. 
 William Siilzer, New York. 
 Jefferson M. Levy, New York. 
 Jacob Ruppert, jr.. New York. 
 Arthur S. Tompkins, Nj'ack. 
 A. V. S. Cochrane, Hudson. 
 John K. Stewart, Amsterdam. 
 Louis W. Emerson, Warrensburg. 
 James S. Sherman, Utica. 
 Michael E. Driscoll, Syracuse. 
 Charles W. Ciillett, Addison. 
 J. M. E. O'Grady, Rochester. 
 De Alva S. Alexander, Buffalo. 
 Albert D. Shaw, .'' Watertow-n. 
 
 Jacob H. Gallinger, Concord. 
 Frank G. Clarke, " Peterboro. 
 
 John Kean, Ursino. 
 
 John J. C-iardner, Atlantic City 
 Joshua A. Salmon, Boonton. 
 Richard W. Parker, Newark. 
 Charles N. Fowler, Elizabeth. 
 
 C. M. Depew, Peeksville. 
 
 John J. Fitzgerald, Brooklyn. 
 Bertram T. Clayton, Brooklyn. 
 Mitchell May, Brooklyn. 
 Daniel J. Rioron, New York. 
 Amos J. Cummings, New York. 
 George B. INIcClellan, New York. 
 William A. Chanler, New York. 
 John Q. l-nderhill. New Rochelle. 
 John H. Ketcham, I lover Plains. 
 Martin H. Glynn, Albany. 
 L. N. Littauer, (iloversville. 
 C'harles A. Chickeriug.!/ Coi)('uhag«n. 
 George W. Ray, Norwich. 
 Sereno E. Payne, Auburn. 
 James W. Wadsworth, Geneseo. 
 William H. R,,-an, Buffalo. 
 Edward E. Vreeland, Salamanca. 
 
 oDied December 5, 1899. 
 
 t> Appointed in place of M. L. Havward, deceji.sed, and took his seat December 19, t.S99. 
 
 cDied .lanuarv 9, 1901. 
 
 dDied July 3i; 1900. 
 
 eElected in place of William D. Paly. ilecca.sed. and took his seat December 3, 1900. 
 
 / Elected in place of (Iharles A. Cliickerin^, deceased, and took his scat December 3, 1900. 
 
 »Died Februarv 13, 1900. 
 
 H. Doc. 458- 
 
 >>9 
 
338 
 
 CONOKESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 NOKTll CAROLINA. 
 
 >[ariiiii IiiilliT, Klliiit. 
 
 REPRESENTATl V t>i. 
 
 Jnlin M. Small. Wa.-jhinpton. 
 Cliarlc.« 1\. Thiiiuas, Ncwlu-rn. 
 AVilliaiii W. Kitcliiii, l{iixl>oro. 
 Thi'iMldrc F. Kliittz, Salisbury. 
 AVilliaiu T. C'rawfoixl," Wayiiesvillc 
 
 Jeter ('. Pritdianl, Marshall. 
 
 George 11. While. Tarlxiro. 
 John \V. .Vtwater, Hialto. 
 Jiihn I). Hellaiiiy, Wilininptoii. 
 K. '/,. I,inney,Tayli)r8ville. 
 KichiiKPinl rearsiiii,'' Asheville. 
 
 NORTH DAKOTA. 
 
 SKNATOHS. 
 
 Henry C. Hansbroujih, Devils Lake. 1'. J. MrCiiinher, AVahpeloii. 
 
 REPKE.SEXTATIVE. 
 
 Burleigh K. Spaldinsr. Far^o 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 Joseph B. Foraker, Cineinnati. 
 
 8ENATOKS. 
 
 KEPKESENTATIVES. 
 
 Marci 
 
 A. llaiina. C'levelamL 
 
 William B. .Shattiie, >[a<lis<.nville. 
 John L. Brenner, Dayton. 
 Davitl Meekisnn. Napoleon. 
 Walter L. Wiaver, SpriniitieUL 
 James IL .Southanl. Toledo. 
 Charles H. (irosvenor, Athens. 
 James A. Norton, TiHin. 
 H. C. Van Voorhis, Zanesville. 
 John A. MeDowell, Millerslmri;. 
 Charles Dick, Akron. 
 Theodore K. Burton, Cleveland. 
 
 .laiiil) 11. Brounvell, Wyoming. 
 RoKert B. (ionlon. .St. Marys. 
 .Seth W. Brown, I.elianon. 
 .Xrcliihald l.vUrand, Delaware. 
 .Stephen Morgan, Oakhill. 
 John .1. Lentz, Coluiidms. 
 W..S. Kerr, >LinslieM. 
 James J. (Jill, Steulienville. 
 Robert W. Taylor, Lisbon. 
 Fremont O. I'hillips. Medina. 
 
 OREGON. 
 
 SENATORS, 
 lieoi-ge W. .MeUride, St. Helens. Joseph Simon, Portland. 
 
 RE1"KE.SKNTATIVKS. 
 
 Thomas IL Tongue, Hillsboro. Mal.ohn .\. Mooily, The Dalles. 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Boies Penrose, Philadelphia. 
 
 Kr.1 
 
 S. .\. Davenport, Erie. 
 Henrv II. Bingham, Philadelphia. 
 William M.AIeer, Philadel[.hia. 
 .\. C. Ilarmer, <" I'hiladelphia. 
 I. P. Wanger, Norristown. 
 
 SEN.VroRS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 ehanna. 
 
 r,<l\var<l H. /.legler, \ork. 
 S. M. Ja.k, Indiana. 
 William II. (iniharn, .\Ileghei 
 Joseph B. Showalter, Butler. 
 Joseph C. Siblev. Franklin. 
 Edward Morrell,'' Torix-silale. 
 
 a Si'Mi aiii-cesHdilly ttintextcd by K. Pearson. 
 b Tiiuk hl» wut May 10, 1000. 
 
 Vacant. 
 
 (iainsha .\. (irow, Glenwoml. 
 Robert Adams, jr., Philadelphia. 
 ■ James R. Yoimg, Philadelphia. 
 Thomas S. Butler, West Chester. 
 Uiircl II. Barln-r, Maiichchnnk. 
 Marriott Brosius, I^meastiT. 
 Stanley W. Davenport, Plymouth. 
 M. I'".. Olmsted, llarrisburg. 
 lloraei' B. I'aeker, Wellsboro. 
 T. M. Mahoii, ChandH'rsbnrg. 
 Joseph K. Thropp, I'Aerett. 
 John Dal/.ell. Piltsbun;. 
 Ernest F. .\eheson. Washington. 
 .\thelston Gaston, Meadville. 
 J. K. P. Hall, Ri.lgway. 
 
 •■Dii-dMarehS, 1900. 
 
 r'Tiiuk hlH Kcat IK'remtM'r 3, IWO. 
 
FIFTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. 
 EHODE ISLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 George P. Wetniore, Newport. N. W. Alilrich, Providence. 
 
 REPRESEXT.iTIVES. 
 
 Melville Bull, Middleton. A. B. Caprou, Stillwater. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SEX.iTORS. 
 
 Benjamin R. Tillman, Trenton. J. L. ilcLanrin, Marlboro. 
 
 KEPRESEXT.\TIVES. 
 
 339 
 
 William Elliott, Beaut'iirt. 
 Asbury C. Latimer, Belton. 
 David E. Finley, Yorkville. 
 J. W. Stokes, Orangeburg. 
 
 W. Jasper Talbert, Parksville. 
 Stanyarne \\'ilson, Spartanburg. 
 James Norton, Mullins. 
 
 SOL^TH DAKOTA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 R. F. Pettigrew, Sioux Falls. 
 Robert J. Gamble, Yorkton. 
 
 Thomas B. Turlev, Memphis. 
 
 W. P. Brownlow, Jonesboro. 
 John A. Moon, Chattanooga. 
 John W. Gaines, Nashville. 
 T. AV. Sims, Linden. 
 E. AV. Carmack, Memphis. 
 
 Horace Chilton, Tyler. 
 
 REPRESEXTATIVPS. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REFRESENT.VTIVES. 
 
 TEXAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Thomas H. Ball, Huntsville. 
 E. C. De Graffenreid, Longview. 
 J. W. Bailey, Gainesville. 
 Eot)ert L. Henry, ^^'aco. 
 
 A. S. Burleson. Austin. 
 Rudolph Kleberg, Cicero. 
 John H. Stephens, Vernon. 
 
 UTAH. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 Joseph L. Rawlins, Salt Lake City. 
 
 1!EPRESENT.\TIVES. 
 
 B. H. Roberts,'' .Silt Lake City. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Jonathan Ross,<' St. Johnsbnry. 
 William P. Dillingham,' Waterbury. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 H. H. Powers, Morrisville. 
 
 James H. Kyle, Aberdeen. 
 Charles H. Burke, Pierre. 
 
 AVilliaui B. Bates, Na,=hvil!e. 
 
 Henry R. Gibson, Knoxville. 
 James D. Richardson, Murfreesboro. 
 N. N. Cox, Franklin. 
 R. A. Prince, Union Citv. 
 
 C. A. Culberson, Dallas. 
 
 S. B. Cooper, Beaumont. 
 
 J. L. Sheppard, Texarkana. 
 
 R. E. Burke, Dallas. 
 
 S. \V. T. Lanham, Weatherford. 
 
 R. B. Hawley, Galveston. 
 
 James L. Slayden, San Antonio. 
 
 Thomas Kearns," Salt Lake City. 
 William H. King.'' Sah Lake City. 
 
 Redtield I'nu'tor, I'roctor. 
 William W. Grout, Barton. 
 
 nTook his seat February 4, 1901. 
 
 ft Refused admissiini January '2o, 1900. 
 
 I- Took his .scat April ■£>. VMO. 
 
 ''.ippointcd and took his seat January 11, 1S99. 
 
 e Elected to succeed Justin S. Morrill, deceased, and took his seat October is. 1900. 
 
340 
 
 CONORESSIONAL DllU-XTOKV, 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 ThoMiii.s S. Martin, S(iitls\ ill 
 
 SENATOBS. 
 
 HKIM(f>iKNTATl V ES. 
 
 W. A. .Jones, Warsaw. 
 ,Iohn Laiiil), Uiihiiioiid, 
 CUiuiU" A. Swansoii, C'hatliaiii. 
 Jaiiu's llav, Madison. 
 William K. Rhea, Bristol. 
 Kii'hard L. Wise," Williaiiislmrn. 
 
 (uMirtri' Turner. Spokane. 
 
 WASIIIN(iT()N. 
 
 SEN.ATOHS. 
 HEl'KKSENTATI V KS. 
 
 Wesley T.. Jones, North Yakima. 
 
 WKSt VIRtJINIA 
 
 Stephen P.. lUkins, Elkins. 
 
 B. B. Dovener, Wheelinsr. 
 Daviil K. .Johnston, Bhiefielil. 
 
 .John ('. Si)Oon<'r, Madison. 
 
 Henry A. Cooper, Racine. 
 .Joseph W. Hal)eock, Necedah. 
 Samuel S. Barney. Westbeud. 
 .John .1. Kseh, La Crosse. 
 Alexander Stewart, Wausan. 
 
 Fnineis Iv Warren, Cheyenne. 
 
 SENATOK.S. 
 KKI'RKSENTATI V K,s. 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESEXTATI V Ks. 
 
 .John W. Paniel, Lymlihur).'. 
 
 William A. Younp.'' Norfolk. 
 Syilney 1'. Kpes,'' Blaekslone. 
 I'eler.J. Otey, l.ynchlnirK. 
 .John K. Rixey, Brandy. 
 .Julian M. l^uarles, Staunton. 
 I'Vaneis R. Las^iter,'^ I'etershuf);. 
 
 .\ildison <i. Foster, Taeoma. 
 l-'rancis W. Cnshnian, Taconia. 
 
 Nathan B. Scott, Wheelinp. 
 
 Alston Ci. Dayton, I'hilippi. 
 Romeo H. Freer, Harrisville. 
 
 .Joseph V. (^narles. Milwaukee. 
 
 WY(IM1N(;. 
 
 .<ENATOR.>*. 
 
 Herman B. Hahlc, Mount Iloreb. 
 Theobold Otjm. Milwaukee. 
 .James II. I)avidson, Oshkosh. 
 Edward S. Minor, Sturjreon Bay. 
 .John J. Jenkins. Chippewa Falls. 
 
 Clareiue D. Clark, F.vanstou. 
 
 HEPRliSEXTATlVK. 
 
 Frank W. Mondell, Newcastle. 
 ARIZONA TERRITORY. 
 
 nEl.Eti.VTE. 
 
 John F. Wilson, Prescott. 
 TERRrioKY OF NEW MEXICO. 
 
 DELEGATE. 
 
 Pedro Perea, Bernalillo. 
 OKLAHOMA TERRITORY. 
 
 DELEOATE. 
 
 Dennis T. Flynn, Guthrie. 
 TERRITORY OF ll.\W All. 
 
 OEI.EO.VTE. 
 
 Roherl W. Wilcox,' Honolulu. 
 
 n .SiiiTCSKfullv contested ttie si-nt of W. A. YimnK, and took lii.s seat March fJ, 1900. and died December SI, 1900. 
 
 !• Vmi-nWiX Mnn-h 11>. 1900. 
 
 •■ l>i«Kl Miirrh :f. I'JtKi. 
 
 '' Kleeted to sureeed S. 1*. K|>e.«, di'ceii-MHl, and took hln Kcal April 28, lUOO. 
 
 i-TuoW hin seat Deecnil>er \fi. ItWO. 
 
FIFTY-SEA^ENTH CONGRESS. 
 
 First seiixidii from December 3, 1901, to Jali/ 1, 1903. Second session from December 1, 1902, to March 4, 
 
 1903. 
 
 President pro tenip<ire of the United States Senate. — William P. Fkve, of Maine. Secrctarij of the 
 Senate. — C. G. Bennett, of New York. 
 
 Speaker of the House. — D. B. HENnERSO.s', of Iowa. Clerk of the Honse. — Ale.x.vnuer McDowell, of 
 Pennsylvania. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 SEN.\TORS. 
 
 John T. ilorgan, Seluia. E. W. Pettus, Selma. 
 
 KEPEESE-NT.VTIVES. 
 
 G. W. Taylor, Demopolis. A. P. Wiley, Montgomery. 
 
 Henry P. Clayton, Eufaula. S. J. Bowie, Anniston. 
 
 Charles \V. Thompson, Tuskegee. John H. Bankhead, Fayette. 
 
 John L. Burnett, Gadsden. William Richardson, Iluntsville. 
 Oscar W. Underwood, Birmingham. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 James K. Jones, Washington. James II. Berry, Bentouville. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Philip D. McCulloch, Marianna. Charles C. Reid, Clarksville. 
 
 John S. Little, (Treenwood. Hugh A. Dinsmore, Fayetteville. 
 
 Thomas C. IMcRae, Prescott. Stephen Brundidge, Searcy. 
 
 CALIFORNIA. 
 
 SBNAT0R.S. 
 
 George C. Perkins, Oakland. Thomas R. Bard, Hueneme. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 F. L. Coombs, Napa. Eugene F. Loud, San Francisco. 
 
 S. D. Woods, Stockton. James McLachlin, Pasadena. 
 
 V. H. Metcalf, Oakland. James C. Needhain, Modesto. 
 Julius Kahn, San Francisco. 
 
 COLORADO. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Henry M. Teller, Central City. T. il. Patterson, Denver, 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Joh'i F. Shafroth, Denver, John C, Bell, Montrose, 
 
 CONNECTICUT, 
 
 SEN.\TORS, 
 
 Orville H. Piatt, Meriden. Joseph K. Ilawley, Hartford. 
 
 REPRESENT.^TIVES. 
 
 Edward S, Henry, Rockville. Ebenezer J, Hill, Norwalk. 
 
 Nehemiah D, Sperry, New Haven. FrankB.Brandegee,'' New London. 
 
 Charles A, Russell," Killingly. 
 
 <i Died Oftobcr -IZ, 1902. I> Elected to fill vacani;}- caused by death of C, A. Russell, and took his seat, 
 
 341 
 
342 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTOKY. 
 DKLAWARE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Jaiuea Frank Alloi>." 
 
 I^owis H. Rail." 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 i«is II. Ball.'' Faulklan.I. 
 
 Steplicn K. Mallory. l'i>iiHa<'ola. 
 
 Steplieii M. Sparkinaii. 'raiiipa. 
 
 Augustus (). Bacon, Macon. 
 
 KU)K11)A. 
 
 SENATOH-S. 
 UKrUESK.NT.VTIVKS. 
 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRF-sEXTATl VE.S. 
 
 Ruliip E. Lester, Savannah. 
 JaniciJ .M. (iritTK-". r'aw.'^on. 
 Klijali B. Lewis, Mcmtezuma. 
 AVilliam C. .Vctainson, ("armllton. 
 Leiinidas E. LivinRf'ton, King?. 
 Charles L. Bartlett, Macon. 
 
 .lanics I'. Talialerri). .lacksonville. 
 
 Kolifit W. Davis, I'alatka. 
 
 Alexander S. Clav, Marietta. 
 
 •lolin W. Maddo.x, Rome. 
 William .M. Ilowanl, Lexiufrton. 
 Earish C. Tate, .Ias|>er. 
 William II. Eleniiny, Ans;n.«la. 
 William G. Brantlev, Brunswick. 
 
 IDAIId 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Henry Heitfeld, I^wiston. Fred T. Dutiois, Blackfoot. 
 
 HEPRESENTATIVE. 
 
 Tlioma." I.. Glenn, Montpelier. 
 IT>LIN()1S. 
 
 Shelhy M. ('ullom, .'^prinj.'licld. 
 
 HK1'KESEXT.\TIV1>. 
 
 .laiiie.'f R. Mann, Chioa'to. 
 John .1. Eeely, Chicago. 
 George P. Foster, t^hlcago. 
 James McAndrews, Chicago. 
 William F. Mahoiiev, Chicago. 
 Henry S. Boulell, Cliicagn. 
 (ieorge E. Eoss, Chicago. 
 Alhert J. Hopkins, .\urora. 
 Rolicrt U. llitt. Mount Morris. 
 (icoige W. I'rincc, (Taleslmrg. 
 Walter Kccvcs, Strcator. 
 
 IXDIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Charles W. Fairbanks, Iiidianaiioiis. 
 
 KEPHESEXTATI V h>. 
 
 James A. Heinenwav, Boonville. 
 Kolx-rt W. Miers, Bloomiimton. 
 William T. Zenor, Corydon. 
 Francis M. Grillith. Vevay. 
 EliiLs S. IliiUi.lay, Bnizil.' 
 James E. Wat.son, Rushville. 
 Jesse Overstreet, Indiana|)olis. 
 
 William E. Ma.son. Chicago. 
 
 Joseph G. Canno?!, Danville. 
 V. Warner, Clinton. 
 Joseph V. (^raff, I'eoria. 
 J. R. Mickey, Macoml). 
 Thomas,!. Selhv, Hardin. 
 n. F. Caldwell, Chatham. 
 Thomas M. Jetl, llillshon.. 
 Jo.seph B. Crowley, Kohinson. 
 James K. Williamson, Carmi. 
 Ereilerick .1. Kern. Belleville. 
 George W. Smith. Murphyshoro. 
 
 .\11mtI J. Beveridge, Indianapolis. 
 
 George W. Cromer, Muneie. 
 Charle.s B. Uimlis. Delphi. 
 IvIpirD. Crumpacki'r. Valparai.so. 
 (Jeoriic W. Steele, Marian. 
 James M. Kohinscm. I'urt Wayne. 
 Ahraham L. Brick, South Beml. 
 
 <i Took Ills Heat March 3. 1903. '' Riwlgncsl Miirvh 3, 1903; electoil tii ITiilleil Slates Senate, Uwk his sent March .1. 1903. 
 
FIFTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 
 
 343 
 
 William B. Allison, Dubuque. 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESEXT.\TIVES. 
 
 Thomas Hedge, Burlington. 
 John N. AV. liumple," Marengo. 
 Daviil B. Henderson, Dubuque. 
 Gilbert N. Haugen, Northwood. 
 Robert G. Cousins, Tipton. 
 John i'. Lacey, Oskaloosa. 
 
 Jonathan P. Dolliver, Fort Dodge. 
 
 John A. T. Hull, Des .Aloines. 
 William P. Hepburn, Clarinda. 
 Walter I. Smith. Couneil Bluffs. 
 James P. Conner, Denison. 
 Lot Thomas, Storm Lake. 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 AVilliam A. Harris, I^inwood. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Charles F. Scott, lola. 
 
 Charles Curtis, Topeka. 
 
 Justice De AVitt Bowersook, lyawrence. 
 
 Alfred M. Jackson, Winfield. 
 
 Joseph R. Burton, Abilene. 
 
 Jamea M. Miller, Council Grove. 
 William A. Calderhead, Marysville. 
 William A. Reeder, Logan. 
 Chester I. Long, Medicine Lodge. 
 
 KEXTITCKY. 
 
 William J. Deboe, Marion. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 HEPBBSENT.^TIVES. 
 
 Charles K. AVheeler, Paducah. 
 Henrv D. Allen, Morgantield. 
 John's. Rhea,'' Ru.ssellville. 
 David H. Smith, Hodgensville. 
 Harvey S. Irwin, Louisville. 
 Daniel L. Gooch, Co^^ngton. 
 
 J. C. S. Blackburn, Versailles. 
 
 South Trimble, Frankfort. 
 George G. Gilbert, vShelbyville. 
 James N. Kehoe, Maysville. 
 James B. AVhite, Irvine. 
 A'incent Boreing, London. 
 McKenzie Moss, c Bowling Green. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Samuel D. McEnery, New Orleans. 
 
 KEPRE.SENTATIVES. 
 
 Adolph ^lej'er. New Orleans. 
 Robert C. Davey, New Orleans. 
 Robert F. Broussard, New Ilieria. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 Murphy J. Foster, Franklin. 
 
 Phanor Breazeale, Natchitoches. 
 Jos. E. Ransdell, Lake Providence. 
 Samuel M. Robertson, Baton Rouge. 
 
 Eugene Hale, Ellsworth. 
 
 Amos L. Allen, Alfred. 
 Charles E. Littlefield, Rocklanr 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 AL\RYLAND. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 George L. AA^ellington, Cumberland. 
 
 REPRESENT.^TIVES. 
 
 AA'illiam H. Jackson, Salisbury. 
 Albert A. Blakeney, Franklinville. 
 Frank C. AVachter, Baltimore. 
 
 AVilliam P. Frye, Lewiston. 
 
 Edwin C. Burleigh, Augusta. 
 Llewellyn Powers, Houlton. 
 
 Louis E. JNIcComas, AA'illiamsport. 
 
 Charles R. Schirm, Baltimore. 
 Sydney E. Mudd, Laplata. 
 George A. Pearre, Cumberland. 
 
 ■ Died January 31, 1903, 
 
 '■ Took his seat March 2.i, 1902. 
 
 t' Unseated Mareh 'J.=>. 1902 
 
844 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTOKY. 
 
 MA8SACHrSKTTS. 
 
 Georjie K. Ilcmt. Wum'stcr. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 RKPHfSENTATIVES. 
 
 (t("(>r<:i' r. LiiwrciKv, Xnrtli Adams. 
 Kri'dfrii-k II. (lillctt, S|iriii^'lield. 
 .Iiihii K. TliaviT, \V(irco.<ti'r. 
 Charles O.Yirrell, Natick. 
 William S. Kno.\, Lawrence. 
 William H. Moody," Haverhill. 
 Kriie.^t W. Roberts, CheLsea. 
 
 Henry ('. I^mlge, Nahant. 
 
 Saimul W. M.Call, Winclie.^ter. 
 .lo.-^eph .\. Conry, Morton. 
 Henry V. Nai)lien, Boston. 
 Saiimel 1^. Powers, Newton. 
 William C Loverinj;, Taunton. 
 William S. (ireene, Kail River. 
 Anjiustus 1'. Ciardner, '' Hamilton. 
 
 MICHIGAN. 
 
 James ilcMillan, <" Detroit. 
 Julius C. Burrows, Kalamazoo. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Russell A. A Ijrer,'' Detroit. 
 
 REl'RESENT ATI V RS. 
 
 John p. Corliss, Detroit. 
 
 Henry C. Smith, .Vdriaii. 
 
 AVashiiiijtoii (iardner, Albion. 
 
 K. L. Hamilton, Niles. 
 
 William .Mdeii Smith, (Irand Rapiils 
 
 Samuel W. Smith, Pontiac. 
 
 Kmile Nelson, .\lexaiidria. 
 
 MINNESOTA. 
 
 HEI'RESENTATI V ES. 
 
 James A. Tawney. Winona. 
 James T. MeClearv. Mankatn. 
 Joel P. lleatwnle."Nnrthtield. 
 Frederick ('. Stevens, St. Paul. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 SENATORS, 
 lleriiandn I)e Soto ilonev, CarroUton. 
 
 KEl'HESENTATIVES. 
 
 Ezekiel S. Candler, jr., Corinth. 
 Thomas S|)ij;bl, Rijiley. 
 Patrick Henry, Vioksbur^. 
 Anilrew F. Fox, West Point. 
 
 Kdfiar Weeks, Mount Clemens. 
 Jo.seph W. Fordney, Saf;inaw. 
 Roswell P. I?islio]i, Luilintiton. 
 Henry 11. Aplin, West Hay City. 
 A. li. Darra^h, St. Louis. 
 Carlos D. Shelden, Houghton. 
 
 Moses K. Clapp, St. Paul. 
 
 Loren Fletcher, Minneapolis. 
 Pajre Morris, Duhith. 
 Frank M. Eddy, Glenwood. 
 
 Anselm J. Mcl>aurin, Brandon. 
 
 John Williams, Yazoo. 
 Frank -\. Mcl^in, Glostcr. 
 Charles E. Hooker, Jackson 
 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Francis M. Coekrell, Warrcnsburg. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 James T. Uoyd, Shelbvville. 
 William W. l{ueker, Iseytesville. 
 John Douvrherty, Liberty. 
 Charles F. Cochran, St. .loseph. 
 William S. Cowherd, Kansas Citv. 
 l)avi<l A. De Armoiid, Hutlcr. 
 James Cooiiev, Marshall. 
 D. W. Shackleford, Jefferson City. 
 
 George G. Vest, Sweet S|)rings. 
 
 Champ Clark, Bowling Grc«>n. 
 
 Richard Bartholill. St. Louis. 
 
 Charles F. Jov, St. Louis. 
 
 James L. Butler,' St. Louie. 
 
 Edward Robb, Perryville. 
 
 William D. Vandiver, Cajx' (iiranleau. 
 
 M. E. Benton, Neosho. 
 
 a Kl-KlKtlt'il M"V 1. IW.'. 
 
 * EliMltil to till viiniiicy rniiwd l>y n-slgnalloii «l W, II. Moody (iiid toolj Jils sent, 
 oI)lc(l Aiiifiist 10. 1'J(ri. 
 
 rf ApiMiinI**'! tn till viirunry ScptomlitT 27. ivxyj, cimNod l)y ili-titli of Jiimfs MrMillnn. 
 
 »8ciil iliihiriil viuaiit June '2», VMi: wan ii cniKlliliUi' tor ri'dccliou; rerelvi'd tlii; ix-rtilli'alf of elveliuii iiiiil Mk seat 
 waa micifwfiilly loiili sii'd l)y Guorxi' <". U. WaKoiiiT. Fi'brnary ■.'«. 1903. 
 
FIFTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 
 
 345 
 
 William A. Clark, Butte. 
 
 MONTANA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Paris (Tibaon, Great Falls. 
 
 HEPKKSEiNT.^TIVE. 
 
 Cal<:hvell Edwards, Bozeman. 
 NEBRASKA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Charles II. Dietrich, Hastings. 
 
 Elmer J. Burkett, Lincoln. 
 David H. Mercer, Omaha. 
 John S. Robinson, Madison. 
 
 John P. Jones, Gold Hill. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 NEVADA. 
 
 SEN.^TORS. 
 
 Joseph II. ^Millard, Omaha. 
 
 \\'illiam L. Stark, Aurora. 
 A. C. Shallenberger, Alma. 
 William Neville, North Platte. 
 
 William M. Stewart, Carson City. 
 
 REPRESENT.'iTlVE. 
 
 Franeis G. Newlands, Reno. 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 Jacob B. Gallinger, Concord. Henry E. Burnham, Jlanchester. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Cyrus A. Sulloway, Manchester. Frank I). Currier, t^anaan. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 John Kean, Ursino. 
 
 John F. Dryden," ITewark. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Henry C. Loudenslager, Paulsboro. 
 Benjamin F. Howell, New Brunswick. 
 James F. Stewart, Paterson. 
 Allan ]j. ilcDermott, Jersey City. 
 De Witt Flanagan, 6 Morristown. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 Thomas C. Piatt, (.)wego. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 R EPRESENTATl \ Es. 
 
 Frederick Storm, Bayside. 
 Henry Bristow, Brooklyn. 
 Frank E. Wilson, Brooklyn. 
 Montague Lessler, <" New York. 
 Henry .M. Goldfogle, New Y'ork. 
 AVilliam Sulzer, New Y'ork. 
 O. H. P. Belmont, New York. 
 Jacol) Ruppert, jr.. New York. 
 Arthur S. Tompkins, Nyack. 
 William II. Drajjer, Lansingburg. 
 John K. Stewart, Amsterdam. 
 Nicholas Mueller,.'' New York. 
 Charles L. Knapp,? Lowville. 
 George W. Ray,'' Norwich. 
 Sereno E. Payne, Auburn. 
 James W. Wadsworth, (ieneseo. 
 William H. Ryan, Buffalo. 
 Edward Swanu, New York. 
 John J. Fitzgerald, Brooklyn. 
 
 William J. Sewell, '' Camden. 
 
 John J. Gardner, Atlantic City. 
 Joshua S. Salmon,'' Boonton. ' 
 Richard W. Parker, Newark. 
 Charles N. Fowler, Elizabeth. 
 
 C. M. Depew, Peekskill. 
 
 Harry A. Hanbury, Brooklyn. 
 George H. Lindsay, Brooklyn. 
 Thomas J. Creamer, New York. 
 Amos J. Cummings, ' New York. 
 George B. McClellan, New York. 
 William H. Douglas, New York. 
 
 C. A. Pugsley, Peekskill. 
 
 John H. Ketcham, Dover Plains. 
 George N. South wick, Albany. 
 Lucius N. Littaucr, (iloversville. 
 Louis W. Emerson, \\'arrensburg. 
 James S. Sherman, I'tica. 
 Michael E. Driscoll, Svracuse. 
 Charles W. Gillet, Addi.son. 
 James B. Perkins, Rochester. 
 Edward B. Vreelan<l, Salamanca. 
 John W. Dwight,J Dryden. 
 
 D. S. Alexander, Buffalo. 
 
 o Elected iii place of William J. Sewell. deceased, and took hi.s scat Februarv 4, 1902. 
 
 ("Elected to (ill vacanc.v caused bv death of .1. S. Salmon, and took hi.s seat " 
 
 <^Died December 27, 19U2. 
 
 dDivi May U. 1902. 
 
 <■ Elected to lill vacancy caused bv r&siguation of Nicholas Mueller, and took his seal .lanuarv 1.^ 
 
 / Ke^ii.L'ned December 1, 1902. 
 
 oEleeied in place of Amos.l. Cumming.s, deceased, and took his seat- 
 
 ii Kesis;ned .'iertember 11, 1902. 
 
 'Died .May 2. 1902. 
 
 J Kleeied in iiliiee of G. W. Ray, resigned, ami look his scat. 
 
340 
 
 CONORKSSKiNAL DlKKCTnKV. 
 
 NOKTII CAROLINA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Jeter C. Pril.har.l. Marj'lmll. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVKS. 
 
 Joliii IT. Small, Wasliinntnn. 
 Charles U. Tlioiiiiu^, Ncwliern. 
 William \V. Kitcliiii, Koxluw. 
 Tlu'ixloro V. Khiltz, Salislmry. 
 James M. Moody, Wayiietsville. 
 
 F. M. Simiuiiiis, Raleitjh. 
 
 ClauiK' Kitcliiii, Scotland Neck. 
 Kdward W. I'ciu. .Smjthtield. 
 John 1>. Hellamy, Wilmington. 
 Kdmond S. Blackburn, Wilkesboro. 
 
 NORTH DAKOTA. 
 
 SEX.XTOK.'*. 
 
 Henry C. Hansbrough, Devils Lake. IVter J. McCuinljer, Wahpeton. 
 
 REI»RESEXT.\TIVE. 
 
 Thomas F. Marshall, Oakes. 
 OHIO. 
 
 SENATOKS. 
 
 Joseph B. Foraker, Cincinnati. 
 
 UEPRESEXTATIVES. 
 
 William H. Shattnc, Madisonville. 
 Robert ^L Nevin, liayton. 
 ,liihn S. Sniook, I'aulding. 
 Thnmas II. Kyle, Trov. 
 James 11. Southard, Toleclo. 
 Charles II. (Jrosvenor, .\tlien.». 
 James A. Norton, Titlin. 
 Henry C. \'an ^■oorhip. Zanesville. 
 John W. Cassinjiham, Coshocton. 
 Charles Dick, .\kron. 
 Theodore K. Burton, Cleveland. 
 
 Marcos .\. Hanuii Clevelard. 
 
 Jacob II. Bromwell, Cincinnati. 
 Robert B. (iordon, St. Marys. 
 Charles O. Ilildebrant. Wilminirton. 
 William R. Warnock. Irbana. 
 Stephen Mor>.'an. Oak Hill. 
 Kmnutt Tompkins, Cnhnnbus. 
 William W. Skiles, Shelby. 
 Joseph .1. (iill, Steubenville. 
 Robert W . Tavler, Lisbon. 
 Jacob \. Beidler, Willoughby. 
 
 ORF,GON. 
 
 John II. .Mitchell. Portland. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Joseph .Simon, Portland. 
 
 «E1'RKSEXTATIVE.S. 
 
 Thomas H. Tongue," Hillsboro. Malcolm .\. bloody. The Dalles. 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Boise Penrc>.-<e, Philadelphia. 
 
 SKXATOHS 
 
 HKFRESEXTATI V ES 
 
 (ialusha .\. <irow, (ilenwnod. 
 
 Henry H. Bingham. Philadelphia. 
 
 Henry Burk, I'hiladelphia. 
 
 K.dwanl |i. Morrell, Torresdale. 
 
 Irving P. Wan;:er, Morristown. 
 
 Henry ll. (ireen. Heading. 
 
 William Ccmnell, .Scrantnn. 
 
 (ieorge R. Patterson, .\shland. 
 
 I'harles F. Wright, Susciuehanna. 
 
 Rnfus K. Polk,* Danville. 
 
 RolK'rt J. Lewis, York. 
 
 Summers M. Jack, Indiana. 
 
 William II. (iraham, .MIegheny. 
 
 Joseph I!. Showalter, Itutler. 
 
 Jo.seph C. Sibley, Franklin. 
 
 Alexander Billnieyer, '' Washingt<jnville. 
 
 Matthew S. (^iiay, Beaver. 
 
 Robert H. Foerderer, Philadelphia. 
 Robert Adams, jr., Philadelphia. 
 James R. Young. Philadelphia. 
 Thomas S. Butler. Westchester. 
 Howard Mutchler, 1-jiston. 
 Henry B. Ca.s.-'el, Marietta. 
 Henry W. Palmer. WilkeslHiro. 
 Marlin K. Olmstiil. Ilarrishiii-g. 
 Flias Deemer, Williamsiiort. 
 Thaddeus M. .Malion. clianil)ert'burg. 
 Alvin Fvans, KlH'iisburg. 
 John Dalzell, Pittsburg. 
 KrnesI F. .Vchc-on, 'Washington. 
 .\rlhur L. Bates. Meadville. 
 James K. P. Hall,'' Riilgway. 
 
 "Died January 11, 19U3. 
 '•nicKl Miiri'hS, 19IW. 
 
 '•Eli'cli-d ti> fill varuncy caasfrt l>y lU-ath of R. K. Polk, and took hia scat. 
 ''Ri'sljnu'd IVccmtwr 1. \»ri. 
 
FIFTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 347 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Nelsou W. Aldrk'h, Proviilence. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Melville Bull, ISIiddletown. 
 
 George P. Wetmore. Newport. 
 
 Adin B. Capron, Stillwater. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Benjamin R. Tillman, Trenton. .Tohn I.. McLaiirin, Marlboro C'ount\ 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 William Elliott, Beaufort. 
 Asbury C Latimer, Belton. 
 David E. Finley, Yorkville. 
 Asburv F. Lever, Lexington. 
 
 William J. Talbert, Parksville. 
 Joseph T. Johnson, Spartanburg. 
 Robert B. Scarborough, Conway. 
 
 Robert .T. Gamble, Yankton. 
 Charles H. Burke, Pierre. 
 
 William B. Bate, Nashville. 
 
 SOUTH DAKOTA. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 SENATORS. 
 REPRESENT.^TIVES. 
 
 Alfred B. Kittredge," Sioux Falls. 
 Eben \V. llartin, Deadwood. 
 
 Edward W. Carmack, Memphis. 
 
 Walter P. Brownlow, Jonesboro. 
 John A. Moon, Chattanooga. 
 James D. Richardson, Murfreesboro. 
 Lemuel P. Padgett, Columbia. 
 Rice A. Pierce, Union City. 
 
 Henry R. Gibson, Knoxville. 
 Charles E. Snodgrass, Crossville. 
 John \V. Gaines, Nashville. 
 Thetus W. Sims, Linden. 
 Malcolm R. Pattereon, Memphis. 
 
 TEXAS. 
 
 .SENATORS. 
 
 Charles A. Culberson, Dallas. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Thomas H. Ball, Huntsville. 
 Reese C. De Graffenreid,'' Longview. 
 Choice B. Bandell, Sherman. 
 Robert L. Henry, \Vaco. 
 Albert S. Burleson, Austin. 
 Rudolph Klelierg, Cuero. 
 John H. Stephens, Vernon. 
 Morris Sheppard, '' Texarkana. 
 
 UTAH. 
 
 SENATOK." 
 
 Joseph L. Rawlins, Salt Lake City. 
 
 REPRESENT.VTIVE. 
 
 George Sutherland, Salt Lake City. 
 VERMONT. 
 
 SEN.\TOR.S. 
 
 Redfield Proctor, Proctor. William P. Dillingham, .Montpelior. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 David J. Foster, Burlington. Kittredge Haskins, Brattleboro. 
 
 Joseph \V. Baile}-, Gainesville. 
 
 Sam B. Cooper, Beaumont. 
 John L. Sheppard,^' Te.varkana. 
 Dudley G. Wooten, Dallas. 
 Samuel W. T. Lanhain, Weatherford 
 George F. Burgess, Gonzales. 
 James L. Slayden, San Antonio. 
 Gordon Russell, e Tvler. 
 
 Thomas Kearns, Salt Lake Citv. 
 
 a Appiiintod in place of James H. Kyle, deceased, and took his seat December 1 1902 
 
 '■riii/d Antrust 30, 1902. 
 
 '■ Eltcticl t. ■ fill viicancy caused by death of .1. L. Sheppard and took his seat December 1 1902 
 
 rtLliedOi'toberU. 1902. 
 
 e Elected to till vacancy caused by death of R, C. De Graffenreid and took his sent December 2, 1902. 
 
348 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECH HO . 
 VlKlilNlA. 
 
 .HENATOBS. 
 
 Jciliii W. Iliinii'l, Lyiicliliur;.'. 
 
 William A. Jones, Warsaw. 
 John Lanilt, Hichiiiond. 
 (^hiiiile A. Svvansim Cliathaii 
 James Ilav. Madi.-oii. 
 William F". Hhea, Hristi.l. 
 Carter tilajis,'' Lynchburg. 
 
 George Turner, Spokane. 
 
 hkphesext.^tives. 
 
 WASHINGTON. 
 
 SEN.VTORS. 
 REPBBSEST.\TIVES. 
 
 Wesley L. Jones, North Yakima. 
 
 AVEST VIRGINIA. 
 
 SEN.^TORS. 
 
 Stephen B. Klkins, Klkiiis. 
 
 Thomas S. Martin, Albemarle County. 
 
 Harry L. Maynard, Pdrtsmouth. 
 Franeis R. Lassiter, I'etershurg. 
 I'eter J. Otey,'' LyiichUurg. 
 John F. Ri.xey, Rranily. 
 Henry D. Flood, A|)i)oniatto.'i. 
 
 Addison G. Fost»'r, Tacouia. 
 Francis W. Ciishman, Tacoina. 
 
 Nathan B. Soott, Wheeling. 
 
 REPRESENT ATI VK.S. 
 
 BUukburn B. Dovuner, Wheeling. 
 Joseph II. Gaines, Charleston. 
 
 John C. S])ooner, Madison. 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 SEXATOR.S. 
 KKI'RESKXTATIVES. 
 
 Henry A. Cooper, Racine, 
 Joseph W. Balxiick, Necedah. 
 Samuel S. Barney, West Bend. 
 John J. Ksch, La Crosse. 
 Webster K. Brown, Rhinelander. 
 
 WYd.MlNt; 
 
 SENATORS. 
 
 Francis E. Warren, Cheyenne. 
 
 RE1>RESENT.\T1VE. 
 
 Frank H. Mondell, Newcastle. 
 ARIZONA TERRIT( )R Y. 
 
 OELECiATK. 
 
 Marcus .\. Smith, Tucson. 
 TERRITORY OF NKW MEXICO. 
 
 llKI.EliATK. 
 
 Bernard S. Rodey, Albai|uerque. 
 oKI.Alln.MA TERRITORY. 
 
 DEI.EllATE. 
 
 liennisT. Flynn. <iulhrie. 
 HAWAII TERRITORY. 
 
 OEI.ECATK. 
 
 Robert W. Wilcox, Honolulu. 
 I'ORTO RICO. 
 
 R^>II>KXT I'OMMI.-^SUIXEK. 
 
 Federico Degetau. 
 
 Alston (.1. Daytiin, I'hilippi. 
 James A. Hughes, Huntington. 
 
 Joseph V. Quarles, Milwaukee. 
 
 Herman B. Hahle, Mount Horeb. 
 Theobold Otjen, Milwaukee. 
 James H. Kavidson. Oshkosli. 
 Edward S. Minor, Stur^'eon Bay. 
 John James Jenkins, Chijipewa Falls. 
 
 Clarence D. Clark, Evanston. 
 
 oEIected to All varnncy caused by death of Pcler J. Otey, and took bla seat December 1, 1902. 
 
 M)led May 4. 1902. 
 
BIOG-RAPHIE8. 
 
 349 
 
I 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 Abbott, Amos, was born at Andover, ilas?., 
 September 10, 1786; reared on his father's farm; 
 engaged in mercantile pursnits; filleil a number of 
 town otfices; member of tlie State house of repre- 
 sentatives in I800-0O and 1842, and of the State 
 senate in 1840 and 1843; one of the founders and 
 directors of the Boston and Maine Raih-oad; 
 elected a Representative from ^Massaehusetts to 
 the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig; reelected 
 to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses, 
 serving from February 15, 1844, until March 3, 
 1849; died November 2, 1868, at Andover, Mass. 
 
 Abbott, Jo, of Hillsboro, Tex,, was born near 
 Decatur, ilorgan County, Ala., January 1.5, 1840; 
 receiveil a private and public school education; 
 served in the Confederate army as first lieutenant, 
 Twelfth Texas Cavalry; studied law, and admitted 
 to the bar in October, 1866; elected to the State 
 legislature in 1869, and served one term; appointed 
 liy Governor Rolierts district judge of the twenty- 
 eighth judicial district in February, 1879; elected 
 in November, 1880, for a term of four years; elected 
 to the Fiftieth Congress as a Democrat; reelected 
 to the Fifty-flrst, Fifty-second, Fifty-third, and 
 Fiftv-fourth Congresses; resumed the practice of 
 lawat Hillsboro, Tex, 
 
 Abbott, Joel, was born at Fairfield, Conn,, in 
 179U; moved to Washington, Ga. ; held several 
 local iitfices; elected a Representative from Georgia 
 to the Fifteenth Congress a.s a Democrat on a gen- 
 eral ticket; reelected to theSixteenth, Seventeenth, 
 and Eighteenth Congresses, receiving at his last 
 election 11,231 votes as a supporter of ^Ir. Craw- 
 ford for the Presidency, and served from Decem- 
 ber 1, 1817. to :\Iarch 3", 1825; died November 19, 
 1826, at Wasliington, Ga. 
 
 Abbott, Joseph C, was born July 15, 1825, at 
 Concord, N. II.; received an academic education; 
 read law and admitted to the bar; editor and pro- 
 prietor of the JIanchester American for a num- 
 ber (pf years, and later editor of the Fxiston Atlas; 
 appointed adjutant-general of the State of New 
 Hamiishire in July, 18.55; member of the commi.s- 
 sion for adjusting the boundary line between New 
 Hamjishire and Canada; took a great interest in 
 literary and historical matters and contributed 
 largely to magazines; after the civil war moved 
 to Wilmington, N, C, and for a time commandant 
 of the city; elected to the Cnited States Senate 
 from that State as a Republican for a partial term 
 which closed in 1871; collector of the |iort of Wil- 
 mington under President Grant, and inspector of 
 posts along the eastern line of the Southern coast 
 under President Hayes; the last few years of his 
 life engaged in business at Wilmington, where he 
 died in 1881. 
 
 Abbott, Josiah G. , was born November 1, 1815, 
 at Chelmsford, ilass.; died at Wellesley Hills, 
 >hiss., June 2, 1891; fitted for college by Ralph 
 Waldo Emerson; graduated from Harvard College 
 in 1832, and in 1835 admitted to the bar; when 
 he attained his majority became a member of the 
 State house of representatives, and in 1841 and 
 1842 a ujember of the State senate; delegate to 
 the national Democratic convention in 1844, and 
 with the exception of two attended every national 
 convention of his party until his death, and in- 
 variabU' chosen chairman of the Massachusetts 
 delegation ; member of the State constitutional con- 
 vention in 1853; judge of the superior court of 
 ilassachnsetts for Suffolk County from the estab- 
 lishment of the court in 1855 until it was abolished 
 in 1859; Democratic candidate for Congress from 
 the Fourth Massachusetts district in 1874; the cer- 
 tificate of election was given to his Republican op- 
 ponent, !Mr. Frost, but I\Ir. Abbott contested the 
 seat, and the House of Representatives gave it to 
 him July 28, 1876; dei-lined arenoniination; unsuc- 
 cessful l)emocratic candidate for the United States 
 Senate in 1875 and 1877, and in 1878 for governor. 
 
 Abbott, Nehemiah, was born ^Nlarch 29, 1806, 
 at Sidney, 'Me.: received an academic education; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar; began the 
 practice of his profession at Belfast, Jle. ; member 
 of the State house of representatives in 1842 and 
 1843; elected a Representative from Maine to the 
 Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican; after his 
 retirement from Congress resumed the practice of 
 law at Belfast, Me., and died there July 26, 1877. 
 
 Abercrombie, James, was born in Hancock 
 County, (ia.; after having received an academic 
 edvu'ation moved to ^Montgomery County, Ala., 
 in 1819; member of the State house of representa- 
 tives in 1820 and 1,822, and of the State senate 
 182,5-1833; moved to Russell County and again 
 elected to the State house of representatives in 
 1838 and 18,39, and of the State senate in 1847-1850; 
 elected a Representative fiom the State of Ala- 
 bama to the Thirty-secon<l Congress as a I'nion- 
 Whig; reelected to the Thirty-third Congress, 
 serving from Decemljer 1, 1851, to JIarch 3, 1855; 
 died in 1860. 
 
 Acheson, Ernest F., of Washington, Pa., was 
 born in Washington, Pa., September 19, 18.55; 
 educated in the public schools and at Washington 
 and Jefferson College, being a member of thecla.ss 
 of 1875 at that institution; read law, and admitted 
 to the bar in 1877: newspaper correspondent for 
 several years; purchased the Washington Weekly 
 01>server in 1879, of which he was editor; estab- 
 lished a daily edition of the Observer in 1889; 
 elected president of the Pennsylvania Editorial 
 
 351 
 
35ii 
 
 CONtlREaSlONAI, DIRKC'TORY, 
 
 Asfku'iutiiin ill Jimiiiiry, 1S9.'{, mid in Jmic i>f the 
 8111110 year iIiohch us rofdiililiij ^Jel•^>tilry of tlif 
 Katioiial Kilitorial Assiicialioii; seiTt-tary and 
 cliairman nf the Wiuxhiiifjlon County Reimliliean 
 coiiiiiiittt'e for several terms; for ten yeaii* a nieni- 
 her of the Hepiililicaii State loinniittee; deUvate 
 to the Ke|iiil>Hean national iniiventioii at ('liiia;;o 
 in 1.SS4 aii'l vntoil lor lUaiiie on every liallot; He- 
 pnliliean camliiUite for Congress in llie Twenty- 
 fourth district in ISirj, hut defeated on account of 
 the hihor tnuihles at Iloniesteail, whicli town is 
 situated in tliat ilistrict; elected to tlie Fifty-fourth 
 C'oiifiress as a Kepublican; reelected to the Fifty- 
 fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh t'oiif;resses. 
 
 Acker, Ephroim L., was horn January 11, 
 IS'JT, in Marlhoro Tow nsliip, I'a. ; received a clas- 
 sical education and graduated Seiiteiiilier S, lS-47, 
 fr(Uii Mai"shall t'olle<;e; after teaciiin^r school two 
 years a-iain attended collejre and j^'iailuated in 
 medicine from the rniversily of reiinsvlvania in 
 March, l)S'i'_'; editor and puhlisher of tlie Norris- 
 town Kefiister from ,Iune, 1S54, to .lune, KSliO; 
 superintendent of the schools of Monttiomery 
 County; appointed postmaster at Norristown in 
 March, IStiO, iiiuler President Buchanan, and after 
 serving eleven months was removed by President 
 Lincoln; for three years inspector of >Iontgomcry 
 County prison; elected a Kepreseutative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Forty-second Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Acklen, Joseph Hayes, of Franklin, La., was 
 tiorn at Nash\ille, Tenn., May 20, l.S.")0, though his 
 jvareiits were citizens of Loui.^iaiKi at the time; 
 educate<l partly hy i>rivate tutor at "Helmout," 
 the summer home of his parents at Nashville, 
 then at Burlington College, and finally graduated 
 successively from two foreign universities; return- 
 ing to America, graduated from the law depart- 
 ment of the Columbian University, at Lebanon, 
 Tenn. ; commenced, and continued for some years, 
 the practice of law at Nashville, and later at 
 Memphis, Tenn.; abandoned the practice of law 
 to personally superintend his sugar plantations in 
 Ixinisiana; elected to tin- Forty-tifth Congress ami 
 reelected to the Forty-sixth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; after his retirement from Congress moved to 
 Memphis, Tenn., where he resumed his practice. 
 
 Adair, John, was born August IH, 1759, in 
 Chester County, .'«. C. ; .served in the Army of the 
 Kevolutioii; moved to Kentucky in 17S7; in an 
 expedition again.st the Indians, under (ieneral 
 Wilkinson, in 17!il and 1792, wius a major of vol- 
 unteer!!, anil in 179:! a lieutenant-colonel under 
 (ieneral Si'ott; nuMiilier of the Kentucky constitu- 
 tional convention in 1799; member of Kentucky 
 legislature for several vears, serving one year as 
 speaker of the house; elected a Cnitecl .^tates Sen- 
 ator from Kentucky as a Democrat (in the place 
 of John Breckiiiriilge, resigneill, serving from No- 
 vember 8, 18ll.'i, until he resigned in ISdti; com- 
 mander of the Kentucky Rilie Brigade, which 
 aerveil under (ieneral .hickson in I.SU and 1,815, 
 and <1istinguishe<l himself in the battle of New 
 (Jrleans; governor (vf Kentucky 1S2(V-1,S24; elected 
 a Kepre.-^entative from Kentucky to the Twenty- 
 second Congress as a Democrat; ilii-d May 19, 
 1841), at Ilarrodsburg, Ky. 
 
 Adams, Andrew, was horn in January, 173(>, 
 at Stratfonl, Conn.; grailnated from Yale College 
 in 17t)0; studied law ami aclmilti'd to the bar; 
 began pnietii-ing at Stamfonl; moved to Litch- 
 fjehi in 17ti4; mendxTof the.state legislature 177(>- 
 1781; Delegate from Coiiiiecticiit to the Conti- 
 nental Congress 1777-1780 and 1781-,sl'; niem)H-r 
 
 of the executive council of Connecticut in 1789 
 and chief justice in 1793; diiil at Litchfield, Conn., 
 Novemlii'r 2(i, 1797. 
 
 Adams, Benjamin, was born in 17<>5 at Worce.-t- 
 ter, .Mass.; grailuated from I'rowii I'niversity in 
 1788; studied law; admitted to the bar and beiran 
 the i>ractice of his jirofession at I'xbridge; mem- 
 ber of the State house of repre.si'ntatives 1809-1S14, 
 ami of the State senate 1814-15 and 1822-1825; 
 elected a Representative from Ma.s.>^aehiisetts to the 
 Fourteenth Congress as a Federalist (to till a 
 vacancy causcil by the death of 1-Mijah Brighain); 
 reelec'ted to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Con- 
 gresses, serving from December 2, 181t>, to March 
 :i, 1821; defeated as the Federal candidate to the 
 .Seventeenth and Kighteenlh Congresses; died 
 Man'h 28, 1837. at Ixbridge, Ma.ss. 
 
 Adams, Charles Francis (grandson of John 
 .Vilams an<l son of John (juiiicy Adams), was born 
 August 18, 1807, at Boston, >Iass. ; was giveii a 
 classical education in F^urope; after his return 
 home he studied law under Daniel Webster and 
 in 1828 admitted to the bar but never practiced; 
 member of the State house of representatives 1831- 
 1834 and of the State senate 1835-1,837; editor of 
 the Boston Whig 1>84.")-1848; candiilate of the Free 
 Soil Party in 1848 for Vice-President of the Ciiitetl 
 States; electeil a Kepre.-^eiitative from Mus-sachu- 
 ,«etts to the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican 
 (from the district formerly represented by his 
 father): reelected to the Thirty-.seventh (^ingress, 
 but only ,»erved from Decemlier 5, 18.59, until 
 March 3, 18(n ; appointed minister totireat Britain, 
 March 20, I.SIil, by President Lincoln and s«Tve«l 
 until May 13, 18H8; in 18(itt chosen as one of the 
 overseers for the Harvard College; the defeated 
 candidate of the Democratic party in 1876 for gov- 
 ernor of Massachusetts. 
 
 Adams, Charles H. , was liorn in Coxsjickie, 
 N. Y., in 1.S24; after receiving an academic ediua- 
 tiun studied and jiracticed law; moved to Cohoca 
 in 18.50 and engaged in manufacturing; retired 
 from active business in 1870; elected in 1870 the 
 first mavorof Cohoesand served two years; mem- 
 ber of tlie State assemlily in 1858 and of the State 
 senate 1872-7:{: delegate to the national Re|iubli- 
 can convention in 1872; Cnited .States coinmis- 
 sionerfrom New York to the Vienna exiKisition in 
 1873; elected a Re|)r<>sentative from New York to 
 the F'ortv-fourtli Congress as a Republican; died 
 December 15, 1VK12, at New York City. 
 
 Adams, George Everett, of Chicago, 111., 
 was b. .111 at Keene, N. II.,. lune 18, 1,840; gradu- 
 ated from llarvaril in l.stiO; studied law at the 
 Dane l^nv School, Cambridge, Mass., ami after- 
 wards pracliceil; elected Stati' .senator of Illinoia 
 from the Sixth ilistrict, being part of Chicago, in 
 November, 1,8,S0, and resigntil on the:^il of >Iarch, 
 1883, having been elected to tile Forty-eighth 
 Congress as a Republican; reelected to the Forty- 
 ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-lirst Congn'sses. 
 
 Adams, George M., was born DeceinU'r 20, 
 1837, in Knox County, Ky.; educated at Center 
 College, Danville, Ky.; stiiilied law; clerk of the 
 circuit court of Kiiox County, Ky., from 1859 to 
 18151; in .August, l.8til, raised a company and en- 
 tereil the I'liion Army as its captain; during the 
 same year appointed |«iyiii;u*ter of voluntwrs, 
 which position he held until the <los«' of the war; 
 elecb-d a Reprt-.s,.ntative from Kentiuky to the 
 Fortieth Congress as a Demo<rat, and recleeti-d 
 to the Forty-lirst, Forty-second, and Forty-third 
 Congress«>s; electeil Clerk of the IIou.se of Kepre- 
 .sentativi's in the Forty-fourth Congress. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 353 
 
 Adams, Green, was born August 20, 1812, at 
 Barboursville, Ky. ; studied law; admitted to the 
 bar and praetioed ; member of tlie State legislature 
 of Kentucky in 1839; elected as a Representative 
 to the Thirtieth Congress, as a Whig; Presidential 
 elector 1844-1856; judge of the circuit court of 
 Kentucky 1851-1856; elected to the Tliirty-sixth 
 Congress as a National American; Sixth Auditor 
 of the Treasury from April 17, 1861, to October 26, 
 1864; Chief Clerk of the House of Representatives 
 in the Forty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Adams, John (father of John Quincy Adams 
 and grandfather of Charles Francis Adams), was 
 born October 30, 1735, at Braintree, now Quincy, 
 Mass.; graduated from Harvard College in 1755; 
 studied law; admitted to the liar and began |irac- 
 ticing at Quincy; removed to Boston in 1768; 
 member of the general court in 1770 and of the 
 provincial council in 1773-74; Delegate to the 
 Continental Congress from Massachusetts 1774- 
 1777; commissioner to France in 1777, but after 
 his arrival at Paris resigned and returned; mem- 
 ber of the Massachusetts constitutional convention 
 in 1779; appointed in September, 1779, minister 
 plenipotentiary to negotiate a treaty with Great 
 Britain; negotiated a treaty of commerce with the 
 Netherlands in 1782: again appointed a Delegate 
 to Congress in 1788, but did not serve, as he was 
 elected Vice-President of the United States; re- 
 elected in 1793; elected President of the United 
 States in 1797, as a Federalist, receiving 71 elec- 
 toral votes against 68 for Thomas Jefferson, Dem- 
 ocrat; candidate for reelection but defeated, re- 
 ceiving 6-T cif the 128 electoral votes cast; retired 
 to Quincy, Mass., where he died July 4, 1826. 
 
 Adams, John, was born August 26, 1808, at 
 Durham, X. Y.; received an academic education, 
 studied law, and was admitted to the bar; began 
 practicing at Catskill, N. Y. ; member of the State 
 house of representatives 1812-13; Democratic can- 
 didate from the State of New York to the Four- 
 teenth Congress, and received the certificate of 
 election, but did not take his seat, as the House 
 of Representatives decided that his opponent, 
 Erastus Root, had been legally elected, 576 of his 
 votes having been thrown out by mistake; elected 
 to the Twenty-third Congress from New York as 
 a Jackson Democi-at; died at Catskill, X. Y., Sep- 
 tember 28, 1854. 
 
 Adams, John J., was elected a Representative 
 from New Ynrk to tlie Forty-eighth and Forty- 
 ninth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Adams, John ftuincy (eldest son of John 
 Adams and father of Charles Francis Adams) , was 
 born at Braintree, JNIass., July 11, 1767; the greater 
 part of his education was received in Europe, at- 
 tending for a time the University of Ley den; when 
 only 15 yeai-s of age went, as secretary, with Francis 
 Dana with his mission tc) St. Petersburg; after 
 making (juite an extensive tour of Europe returned 
 home and graduated from Harvard in 1788; 
 studied law at Xewburyport with Theophilus Par- 
 sons and admitted to the bar; began practicing at 
 Boston: elected to the State senate on the Federal 
 ticket in 1802; defeated candidate for Congress in 
 1802; elected to the United States Senate as a 
 Federalist, serving from October 17, 1803, until 
 defeated for reelection; resigned June 8, 1808; 
 professor in rhetoric at Harvard College 1806- 
 1809; appointed minister to Russia 1809-1814; 
 member of the commission which negotiated the 
 treaty of Ghent in 1815; minister to England 1815- 
 1817, and assisted at the convention of commerce 
 with Cireat Britain; Secretary of State under Pres- 
 
 ident Monroe 1817-1825; in 1825 the election of a 
 President fell, according to the Constitution of the 
 United States, to the House of Representatives, 
 since no (ine of the candidates had secured an abso- 
 lute majority of the electors chosen by the States, 
 and Adams, who stood second to Jackson in theelec- 
 toral vote, was chosen, in preference to Jackson, 
 Clay, and Crawford; defeated candidate for gov- 
 ernor in 1834; elected a Representative from Mas- 
 sachusetts to the Twenty-second Congress, as a 
 Whig, and successfully reelected eight times; 
 stricken by death in the Capitol building at Wash- 
 ington, February 23, 1848; the exact spot where 
 Mr. Adams fell is marked by a star and inscription 
 in Statuary Hall, which at one time w'as the House 
 of Representatives Chamber. 
 
 Adams, Parmenio, was born at Hartford, Conn. ; 
 received a public-school education; removed to 
 Genesee County, N. Y.; served in the war against 
 Great Britain ai< paymaster of Dobbin's New York 
 Volunteers; elected a Representative from New- 
 York to the Eighteenth Congress, as an Adams 
 man, receiving 2,077 votes against 2,871 votes for 
 Isaac Wilson, Democrat, who obtained the seat 
 through indirect returns, but the House gave it to 
 Adams; reelected to the Nineteenth Congress, serv- 
 ing from January 7, 1824, until March 3, 1827. 
 
 Adams, Robert, jr., of Philadelphia, Pa., was 
 born at Philadelphia, Pa., February 26, 1849; 
 graduated from the University of Pennsylvania 
 in 1869; studied and jiracticed law for live years; 
 n:iember of the United States Geological Survey 
 1871-1875, and engaged in explorations of the 
 YelloW'Stone Park; member of the State senate of 
 Pennsylvania 1883-1887; graduated in 1884 from 
 the ^Vharton School of Economy and Finance of 
 the University of Pennsylvania: appointed United 
 States minister to Brazil April 1, 1889, and re- 
 signed June 1, 1890; elected to the Fiftv-third, 
 Fii'ty-fourth, Fifty-tifth, Fifty-sixth, aiul Fifty- 
 seventh Congresses as a Republican, and leelected 
 to theFifty-eighth Congress; in the Fifty-fifth Con- 
 gress, as acting chairman of the Committee on 
 Foreign Affairs, IMr. Adams reported, conducted 
 through the House, and had charge of, in con- 
 ference with the Senate, the Cuban resolutions, 
 and drafted, introduced, reported, and passed 
 through the House of Representatives, in one hour, 
 the declaration of war against Spain. 
 
 Adams, Robert H. , was born in Rockbridge 
 County, Va., in 1792; leceived a classical educa- 
 tion; studied law; admitted to the bar and began 
 practicing at Knoxville, Tenn. ; removed" to 
 Natchez, Miss., in 1819; member of the State 
 house of representatives in 1828; elected to the 
 United States Senate to till a vacancy caused liy the 
 death of Thomas B. Reed, .serving from February 
 3, 1830, until Mav 31, 18.30; died at Natchez, Miss", 
 July 2, 1830. 
 
 Adams, Samuel, was born September 27, 
 1722; graduated in 1740 from Harvard College; ap- 
 pointed tax collector of Boston; member of the 
 general court of Massachusetts 1765-1774; dele- 
 gate to the Continental Congress from Massachu- 
 sett.s 1774-1781; member of the Massachusetts 
 constitutional convention in 1779; president of 
 the State senate in 1781 ; member of the State con- 
 stitutional convention which adopted the Federal 
 Constitution in 1788; elected lieutenant-governor 
 of Massachusetts as a Democrat 1789-1794, and 
 governor 1794-1797; ilefeated as the Democratic 
 candidate for Congress to the First Congress from 
 ^lassachusetts; died at Boston, Mass., October 2, 
 1803. 
 
 H. Doc. 458- 
 
 -23 
 
354 
 
 CONGRESSUtNAL DIRECTOKY. 
 
 Adams, Silas, of Literty, Ky., was born in 
 PuliL-iki tVuiiily, Ky., February 9, 18.'!!t; moved to 
 (."iL-ev at the aue «il 'J; reeeivi il an eibicalion in lUv 
 publie siOiools of tbeeonnty, Keiitueky University 
 at Ilarrodsburn, ami Transylvania at Lexinjiton; 
 entered the law seliool at Lexington in IStJT, and 
 reeeived lieense to jiraetiee; serveil two terms as 
 eounty attorney; served three terms in the legisla- 
 ture; nominated and voted fur liy the Keimblicaiis 
 of the State legislature for speaker in lS!»li, anil also 
 for I'nited States Senator; entered the I'nion Army 
 in IStil as first lieutenant, First Kentucky Vol- 
 unteer Cavalry; jironioted to ea|ilain. lieulenant- 
 lolcmel, and eolonel <if the regiment, and musten-cl 
 nut J)eeendier 111, lsti4: elected to the Kiftv-lhird 
 Congress as a Keimlilican in 1892; after leaving 
 Congress resumed the practiceof law; died Mav ,5, 
 1896. 
 
 Adams, Stephen, was born in Franklin 
 County, Tenn. ; received a |iul)lii'-schoiil education; 
 studied law and adnutted to the bar; uiend)er 
 of the State senate of Tennessee; moved to 
 Mississippi and began the jiraetiee of his profes- 
 sion; mendier of the State house of rejiresentatives 
 of .Mississippi; elected a re)>resentative to Con- 
 press from Mississij)pi to the Twenty-ninth Cun- 
 gress as a Demoi-rat; electeil judge of the circuit 
 court in 1S4S; chosen a l"nit<>d States Senator fmm 
 Mississippi, as a Slates rights Democrat (in yhici- 
 of Jefferson Davis, resigneil), and served from 
 March 17, \Srt'2, until March :?, 1.8.57; moved to 
 Memphis, Tenn., to resume the iiractice of law, 
 and die.l there May 11, \X'^:. 
 
 Adams, Thomas, was born in Virginia; dele- 
 gate from his native State to the Continental Con- 
 gress, 1778-17S(). 
 
 Adamson, William Charles, of Carrollton, 
 (ia.. was born at I'owdon. (ia., August IS, 18.54; 
 spent hisyouth alternately in working on the farm 
 and in hauling goods and cotton bi-lween Atlanta 
 and Howdon; took the collegiate course at Bow- 
 don College, gradu.iting with the degree of A. B. 
 in 1874, the degree of A. M. being conferred a few- 
 years later by the same institution; read law; ad- 
 mitted to thi- bar October, 187(i, practicing law in 
 the circuit ami supreme courts of the State and the 
 FiMlcral courts; jmlge of the city court of Carroll- 
 ton 188.5-l,8S!t, and attorney for the city of Car- 
 rollton for ainnnberof vears; l*resi<lential elector 
 in 18!)2; electe<l to the Fifty-tifth Congre.s>) and 
 reelecteil to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and 
 Kifty-eighlh Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Addams, William, wa.« born in Lanea.ster 
 County, Pa., September 4, 177(5; moveil to Berks 
 County, and serveil as amlitor in ISbi and 1814; 
 mendier of the State house of rejirei-entatives 
 1822-1824; elected a Representative from Penn- 
 sylvania to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Con- 
 grc-.-es; associate judge of BerksCountv 18,3!*-1842; 
 died May 1!», 1H.5S. 
 
 Adgate, Asa, was born in New York State; i 
 member of the State house of reiiresenlatives in 
 17M8-!l(t: elected a Kepres<'ntative from New York 
 to the Fourteenth Congress; again cho.sen a mem- 
 ber fif the State house of rei>resentatives in 1823; ' 
 died at Clinton, N. Y. 
 
 Adrain, Garnett B. , was born at New York 
 City, December 20, 181ti; gi-.idliateil from Hutgers 
 College, New .Jersey, in l,s.'i:i, and four years later 
 adniitteil to the bar; elected a Kepresentative from 
 New Jersey to the Thirty-lifth Congre8.s as a 
 Democrat; reelectA-d to the Thirty-sixtli Congre.-is 
 as an anti-Le Compton Denux-rat,. supported by the 
 
 opposition; w bile in Congress 8erve<l as chairman 
 of the Coumdttee on F'ngraving; dierl at New 
 Brunswii'k, N. J., .\ugust 17, 1878. 
 
 Ahl, John A., was born .\ugusl !», LSI."), at Stras- 
 burg, I'a. ; rei-eived a liU'ral education; Htudie<l 
 meilicine and graduated from the Washington Meil- 
 ical College of Baltimore; i)ractici-cl until ls,")0, 
 when he engaged in manufacturing; "lected a 
 Ui'l>re.sentative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty- 
 lifth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Aiken, D. Wyatt, of Cokesburv, S.C., wa.s iKjm 
 at \Vinnsboro,FairlieldCounly,S.C.. March 17. 1.828; 
 received an academic education at .Momit Zion 
 Insiitute, Wiiinsboro; graduated from the South 
 Carolina College, Columbia, in 184!l: taught school 
 two years; settled upon a farm in ls.'i2; entered 
 the Volunteer service of the .Southern Confeileracy 
 as a jirivate in 18(>1; ajipointed adjutant of the 
 Seventh Ki'giment of Volunteers; ele4-ted colonel 
 of the same when reorganized at the expiration of 
 their term of service; relieved from service by 
 rea.-*on of wounds received on the 17th f>f .'Septem- 
 ber, l.S(>2, at Antietam; elected to the State legis- 
 lature in 18(>4 and again in 1.8ii(); master of the 
 State (irange for two yeai"s and mendicr of the 
 executive conuuit tee of the National < irange for six 
 years; delegate to the national Democratic con- 
 vention at .St. Tjouis that nominated Tilden and 
 lUMulricks; electeil to the Forty-lifth ('ongres.«, 
 and reelected to the Forty-sixth, Forty-.-^eventh, 
 Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninthCongres.ses; while in 
 Congress served on the couunittees on Agriculture 
 and Patents and as chairman of the Committee 
 on Kducation; an invalid all throughout his last 
 term in Congress, and died April 6, 1887, at Cokes- 
 bury. S. C. 
 
 Aiken, William, was torn at Charleston, 
 S. C., in 180(i; received a classical education and 
 grad\iated from the College of •■"OUtli Carolina; 
 became eng-aged in agricultural jmrsuits; member 
 of the State legislature 1.8:?.><-b842: governor of 
 South Carolina l.s44-184ti; elected a l\epre.sentativc 
 from South Carolina to the Thirty-second, Thirty- 
 third, and Thirty-fourth Congresses w ithout oppo- 
 sition; reelected to the Thirty-ninth Coiiuress; 
 presented his credentials Feliruary 12. lS(i7. but 
 not admitted to his .seat; died at Flat IJock. N. C., 
 September 7, 1887. 
 
 Ainslie, George, of Idaho City, Idaho, was 
 born near Boonville. ( 'oo)ier Coimty. Mo.. (Vto- 
 berHit. ]8:iS: received acommon school education, 
 and attended the St. Louis I'niversity l,<'ili-57; 
 studied law, and adniilted to the bar in Missouri 
 in l.SliO; moved to Colorailo in l.'^tiO, and in 18ti2 
 moveil to that ])ortion of Wa-^hington Territory 
 which now constitutes the Territory of Idaho; 
 engaged therein miningaml jiracticing law; elected 
 a niendH'r of the legislatiue and serveil two .ses- 
 sions, isil.'iaml 18Hfi, in the legislative council, and 
 president of the coinicil during the fourth session; 
 edited the Idaho World, then a Democratic news- 
 ]>aper. from 18lii) to 187.'!; elected district attorney 
 of the second district in 1874 and reelected in 187(>; 
 elected to the Forty-.sixth Congress asa Democrat, 
 and reelected to the Forty-seventh Congress. 
 
 Ains\7orth, Lucien Lester, \>as born June 
 21, 18:U, at New Woodstock. N. V.; edinateil in 
 the public ."chools and at thetineida Seminary, 
 Crtzemivia, N. Y.; studieil law and admitt^'d to 
 the bar in Madison County, N. Y., in l.s.54: move.1 
 to Iowa in 18.5.5 and conunenced the practice of 
 law at West Cnion; memlM-r of the State .wnate 
 18(K)-18ti2; entered tin' fnion .Vrmv as captain 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 355 
 
 in the Sixth Ii>wii Caxalry in 1S62, and f^erved 
 three years against tlie Indians in the Northwest; 
 after leaving the Army retnrned to West Union 
 and resumed practice; member of the State hou8e 
 of representatives of Iowa in 1872 and 1873; 
 elected a Representative from Iowa to the Forty- 
 fourth Congress as an anti-^Ionopoli^<t. 
 
 Aitken, David D., of Flint, Mich., was born 
 in (icncsee County, Mich., September 5, 1854; edu- 
 cated in the public schools of Flint; admitted to 
 the liar in 1879; elected to the Fifty-third Congress 
 as a Rejiublican; reelected to the Fifty-fourth 
 Congress; resumed the practice of law; supreme 
 counselor and attiirne\' for the ^laccabees of the 
 World. 
 
 Akers, Thomas Peters, was elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Missouri to the Thirty-fourth 
 Congress as a National American (to till the va- 
 cancv caused by the death of J. G. Miller), serv- 
 ing from August 18, 1856, to March 3, 1857. 
 
 Albert, William Julian, was born August 4, 
 1816, at lialtimore, Md. ; educated at Mount St. 
 !Mary's College, Maryland; a merchant, but in 
 1856 retired; president of the electoral college of 
 Maryland in 1864 and voted for Aliraham Lincoln 
 as President of the United States; one of the 
 founders and directors of the First National Bank 
 of Maryland; ilirector of several insurance com- 
 panies, saving.s banks, and manufacturing compa- 
 nies; elected a Representative from JIaryland to 
 the Forty-third Congress as a Republican; died 
 at Baltimore, Md., March 29, 1879. 
 
 Albertson, Nathaniel, wa,s born in Mrginia; 
 moved to Greenville, Ind. ; electe<l a Representa- 
 tive from the State of Indiana to the Thirty-first 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Albright, Charles, was born December l.'j, 
 1830, in Berks County, Pa., educated at Dickenson 
 College; studied law and admitted to the bar 
 in 1852; moved to Kansas in 1854 and partici- 
 pated in the early struggle of that Territory; re- 
 turned to Pennsylvania ami resumed the "prac- 
 tice of law at Mauchchunk in 1K56; delegate to the 
 Republican national convention in 1860; entered 
 the Army in 1862 as major of the One hundredth 
 and thirty-second Regiment Pennsyhania Volun- 
 teers; made lieutenant-colonel after the battle 
 of Antietam; February 22, 1863, commissioned 
 colonel conunanding the Third Brigade, Thircl 
 Division, Second Army Corps, until after the battle 
 of Chancel lorsvi lie; September, 1864, comnussioned 
 colonel of theTwo hundred and second Regiment 
 Pennsylvaina Volunteers; ilarch, 1865, promoted 
 to brevet brigadier-general of volunteers; August, 
 1865, mustered out of the service, and resumed 
 busines.s at Mauchchunk; delegate to the Republi- 
 can national convention at Philadelphia in 1872; 
 elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to 
 the Forty-third Congress as one of three Con- 
 gressmen at large as a Republican. 
 
 Albright, Charles J., was born in Pennsyl- 
 vania; moved to Ghio; elected a Representative 
 from Ohio to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a 
 Repulilican. 
 
 Alcorn, James Lusk, was born in November 
 1816, near Golconda, 111.; reared in Livingston 
 County, Ky., and educated at Cumberland Col- 
 lege in that State; deputy sheriff of Livingston 
 County for four years; elected to the legislature 
 in 1843; in 1844 moved to Coahoma County, 
 Miss., and entered upon the practice of lavv; 
 served sixteen years in the house and senate of 
 the Mississippi legislature; an elector at large 
 
 on the Scott ticket in 1852; nominated by the 
 Whigs in 1857 for governor, he declined, running 
 in that year as the Whig candidate for Congress 
 in his district, which was largely Democratic, and 
 was beaten; founder of the levee system in his 
 State, and was made president of the levee board 
 of the Mississippi Yazoo Delta; elected to the State 
 convention in 1851, and again in 1861; served in 
 the Confederate Army; elected to the United 
 States Senate in 1865, but not allowed to take his 
 seat; elected governor of Missi.osijjpi on the Re- 
 publican ticket in 1869, and inaugurated in JIarch, 
 1870; elected to the Senate of the United States 
 and resigned as governor on November 30, 1871, 
 and took his seat in the Senate on December 4, 
 1871; defeated as an independent candidate for 
 governor in 1873; died in 1894. 
 
 Alderson, John Duffy, was born at Nicholas 
 Court-House, W. Va., Nnvember29, 1854; receivecl 
 a conunon-school education; studied law and ad- 
 mitted to the bar when 21 years of age; apjiointed 
 prosecuting attorney in each of tlie comities of 
 Nicholas and Webster, to till vacancies occasioned 
 by the death of his father, .loseph A. Alderson; 
 elected prosecuting attorney for these counties in 
 1876, and twice reelected, serving until January 1, 
 1889; page in the West Virginia constitutional con- 
 vention of 1872; elected doorkeeper of tlie State 
 senateof 1872-3; sergeant-at-arms of thatbodyand 
 afterwards clerk, serving seventeen yeai-s as an 
 attache of the legislature; elected to the Fifty-first 
 Congress as a Democrat, and reelected to the Fifty- 
 second anil Fifty-third Congresses; resumed the 
 practice of law after leaving Congress; delegate to 
 the Democratic national convention at Kansas 
 City in 1900. 
 
 Aldrich, Cyrus, was born June 7, 1808, at 
 Smithtield, R. I.; received a public school educa- 
 tion and then went to sea; moved to Illinois and 
 Iiecame an extensive mail contractor; member of 
 the State house of representatives in 1845 and 1846; 
 register of deeds of Jo Daviess County in 1847; ap- 
 pointed receiver of land office at IJixon in 1849; 
 defeated as the Whig candidate for the Thirty- 
 second Congress; moved to Minneajjolis in 1854; 
 member of the lilinnesota constitutional conven- 
 tion in 1857; defeated at the convention for the 
 nomination on the Reiniblican ticket to the Thirty- 
 fifth Congress; elected a Representative from i\Iiu- 
 nesota to the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican 
 and reelected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, un- 
 successful candidate for the United States Senate 
 in 1863; member of the legislature in 1864; ap- 
 jiointed postmaster at Minneapolis by President 
 Johnson, March, 1867; <lied at Minneapolis, Octo- 
 ber 5, 1871. 
 
 Aldrich, J. Frank, of Chicago, 111., was liorn 
 at Two Ri\ers, Manitowoc County, ^\■is., April 6, 
 1853; moved to (Chicago in April, 1861 ; attended 
 public schools and Chicago University and gradu- 
 ated from the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 
 Troy, N. Y., in 1877, with degree of civil engi- 
 neer; engaged in the manufacture of linseed od, 
 and subsequently in the gas business; has been a 
 member of the Cook County Iward of commission- 
 ers, and president of that body during the reform 
 period m 1887; also a meniber of the county 
 board of education and chairman of the conunittee 
 of citizens of Chicago appointed from the various 
 clubs and commercial organizations to inaugurate 
 and further the drainage act; served as commis- 
 sioner of public works of Chicago from Mav 1 , 1 891 , 
 to January 1, 1893; elected to the Fifty-third Con- 
 gress as a Republican, and reelected to the Fifty- 
 fourth Congress. 
 
35() 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY, 
 
 Aldrich, Nelson Wilinarth, dI' I'rovidence, 
 K. I., was Ixjrii at Kostt-r, 11. 1., Novt'iiilier (i, 1841 ; 
 rt'ifivt'd an aca<leniic education; ))ri'8idfiit nf the 
 Pnividciici'i'imiiudii council in 1S71-1S7.'!; niemlxT 
 of the Kliiide Island jieneral asseinhly in ]875-7(>, 
 serving; the latter year as s|H'aker of the house of 
 representatives; ele<ted to the House of Re)>re- 
 seiitatives of the Korty-sixth t'onjiress and re- 
 elected to the Korty-seventh Congresi; elected to 
 the I'nited States Senate as a Kei>ublican to suc- 
 ceed Ambrose K. Hurnside, Kepulilican ( deceased ) ; 
 took his seat Receinber '), ISSl, and reelected in 
 1R8H, in 1.H!I2, and in 1S98. 
 
 Aldrich, Truman H., of Hirniinghani, Ala., 
 was Ixirn in I'ahiiyra, Wayne County, N. Y., 
 Octdber 17, 184S; educated in the jiubiic .schools 
 at that place and at the military acadeniv at West 
 Chester, I'a.; fxraduated from the Rensselaer Poly- 
 technic Institnto of Troy, N. Y., as a niinin;; en«i- 
 neer in classof I8(;!); after practicinj; hi.s jirofession 
 in New York and New .lersey, moved to Selina, 
 Ala., in winter nf 1871-7:i; in the bankin<r busi- 
 ness there for two years and then made coal min- 
 iiif; a business; operated suc<'essfully for many 
 years tin; Montevalu mines, the Pratt mines, and 
 opened and ojierated a dozen other mines; became 
 vioe-l>resident and ireneral mana<;er of the Tennes- 
 see Coal, Iron and Railroad Com])any in 189l', 
 operatiiift a larjie mnnber of mines an<l Itl blast 
 furnaces; nominated for Congress in lS!t4 l)y the 
 Kepublieans and indorsed by the People's Party; 
 elected but counted out, and after a snccessfid 
 contest was seated near the close of the first ses- 
 sion of the Fifty-fourth Conjiress; has been active 
 in the develo|iment of the coal and iron industries 
 of his district ami with the scientific and geolog- 
 ical work of tlie State. ' 
 
 Aldrich, William, of Chicago, III., was Iwrn 
 at (ireeidield, .N. Y., in .lanuary, 1S20; received a 
 couunon-schcjol education, with a ]>rivate tutor 
 one tern\ in the higher mathematics and survey- 
 ing, and one term at an academy ; reared on a farm ; 
 taught .school; engaged in mercantile ]>ursuits i?i 
 184(5; moved to Wisconsin in 18.51, and, in addi- 
 tion to merchandi.sing, engageil in the manufac- 
 ture of lumber, woo<letiware, and furniture; for 
 three yearsi superintendent of schools; chairman 
 of the comity board of supervisors one year; mem- 
 ber of the State house ot re|)re.sentatives in 18,W; 
 moveil to Chicago in IStiOand wa-s in the whole- 
 sale grocery business there; elected to the Forty- 
 tifth Congress, and reelected to the Forty-sixth 
 anil Forty-seventh Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Aldrich, William F. , of Aldrich. Ala., was 
 born at Palmyra. Wayne County, N. Y.. March 11, 
 18.5H; educated in the public school of his native 
 village until I8().5, when his father moved to 
 New York City, in which city and vicinity he at- 
 tended several schools; graduated from Warren's 
 Military .\cademy. at Poughkcepsie. taking a course 
 in «ivil engineering; moved to.Mabamain 1874; 
 engaged in mining and manufacturing; built up 
 the town that now liears his name; elected to the 
 Fifty-fourth Congress bv the conibineil vote of the 
 R(;publicans and Populists of the Fourth di.strict, 
 against (ia-ston .\. Robbins, Democrat; the latter 
 received the certificate of election from the gov- 
 ernor on the face of the returns, which showed a 
 majority of .i,7M) in his favor; Mr. Aldrich insli- 
 tnli'd a contest, and was ."ealed by the House on 
 Kriclav, Manh i:i. the reports giving him a major- 
 ity of'from <)(K) to 1,100, a change of 4,;i90 to 4,8.")0 
 votes; candidate for reele<'tion to the Fifty-lifth 
 Congress; the certificate of election was given to 
 
 Thomas S. Plowman, his opponent; however after 
 a contest the seat wa.s given to Mr. .\ldrich, anil 
 he took his .seat February it, 189H: reelected to the 
 Fifty-sixth Congress as a Republican, opposing 
 (iaston \. Robbins, Democrat, the latter receiving 
 the certificate of election as he did in 1894; after 
 a contest Mr. Aldrich was seated March 8, 1900. 
 
 Alexander, Adam B., wius born in Washing- 
 ton County, \'a. ; received an academic eilncalion; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar; moved to 
 Madi.son County, Tenn.; elected a Representative 
 from that State to the iMghteenth and Nineteenth 
 Congresses, serving from Dei'cmbcr 1, 1823, to 
 March :!, 1827; die<l at .lack.son, Tenn. 
 
 Alexander, Armstead M., of Paris, Mo., was 
 
 elected to the Forty-eighth Congre.ss a.s a Demo- 
 crat; died November 7, 1892. 
 
 Alexander, De Alva Stanwood, of Buffalo, 
 N. Y., was born .luly 17. lS4i;, at Kichmond, Me.; 
 at the age of 1.") entered the .\rmy, serving three 
 years, and until the close of the war; |>rei)ared for 
 college at ICdward Little Institute in .\ubnrn. Me., 
 and took his bachelor's degree frouj Bowdfiin Col- 
 lege in 187(1; locateil at Indianapolis, Ind., where 
 he studied and praiticed law; delegate to the 
 national Republican conxention in 1872; secretary 
 of the Indiana Repul)licau State committee 1874- 
 1S7S; appointed Filth .\uditor of the Trea.sury 
 Department in 1881; served one term a-s coni- 
 mandiT of the Department of the Potomac, Grand 
 .Vrmy of the Republic; moved to Buffalo, form- 
 ing a law partnership with his i-ollege cliussmate, 
 Hon. .lames .\. Roberts; appointed United States 
 attoriiev for the northern district of New Y'ork in 
 Mav, 18WI. holding the otiice until December, 189.S; 
 elected tothe Fifty-lifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, 
 and Fift_\ -eighth ( 'ongresses as a Republican. 
 
 Alexander, Evans, was a native of North 
 Carolina; received a ela.ssical education and grad- 
 uated from Princeton College in 1787; member of 
 the State legislature for two years; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from North Carolina to the Ninth 
 Congress (to fill a vacancy caused by the resigna- 
 tion of Nathaniel .Mexander) and reelected to the 
 Tenth Congress, serving from Februarv, 180(>, to 
 March 3, 1809; died October 28, 1,«09. 
 
 Alexander, Henry P., was born in New York 
 in 1802; received a public school education; en- 
 gagetl in mercantile pursuitsat l.ittlefalls; defeated 
 as the Whig candidate for the Thirtieth Congress; 
 elected a Representative to the Thirly-lirst Con- 
 gress from New York; died at Littlefalls, N. Y., 
 February 22, 1867. 
 
 Alexander, James, jr., wa:^ a native of Mary- 
 laml; reci-ived a public school education; moved 
 to St. Clairsville, Ohio; elected a Representative 
 from ( )hio to the Twenty-liflh Congress as a Whig, 
 and served from September 4, 18:i7, to March 3, 
 1839; died at St. Clairsville, Ohio, August 6, 1846. 
 
 Alexander, John, was born at Spartanburg, 
 S. I'.; after receiving a imblic school education 
 moved to ( )hio where he Ucame w idelv known in 
 politics as 'The Buffalo of the We-t;'" elected a 
 Kepre.sentative from (.)hio to the Thirteenth and 
 Fourteenth Congresses, serN'ing from Mav 24, 1813, 
 to March 3, 1817. 
 
 Alexander, Mark, was a native of Mecklen- 
 burg Comity. \'a. ; received a public school educa- 
 tion; elected a Representative from Virginia to the 
 Sixteenth Congress; reelected to the Seventeenth, 
 Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-Hrst, 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 357 
 
 and Twenty-second Congresses without opposition, 
 serving from December 6, 1S19, to March 3, 1833. 
 
 Alexander, Nathaniel, was born in Mecklen- 
 burg County, N. C, March 5, 1756; received a 
 classical education and graduated from Princeton 
 College in 1776; studied medicine and surgery; 
 served in the Revolutionary Army as a surgeon; 
 after independence was established [iracticed his 
 profession at the High Hills of Santee; served in 
 the legislature for severa! years; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from North Carolina to the PMghth Con- 
 gress, serving from October 1 7, 1803, to March 3, 
 1805; governor of North Carolina 1805-1807; died 
 at Sahslwry, N. C, ^Nlarch 8, 1808. 
 
 Alexander, Robert, was a native of Maryland; 
 meml)er of the provincial convention of ilaryland 
 in 1775; elected a Delegate from Maryland t(i the 
 •Continental Congress December 9, 1775, and re- 
 elected July 4, 1776, but soon after the promulga- 
 tion of the Declaration of Independence left for 
 England. 
 
 Alexander, Sydenham B., of Cliarlotte, N. C, 
 was born in Mecklenburg County December 8, 
 1840; entered the University nt Nurtb Carolina in 
 1856 and graduated from tliat institution in l.SHi); 
 by profession a farmer; enlisted in the Confed- 
 erate army in 1861 as a private soldier in the First 
 North Carolina Volunteer Infantry; elected captain 
 of Company K, Forty-second North Carolina In- 
 fantry in June, 1862; detached from his company 
 in 18(34 and served as inspector-general on the staff 
 of Maj. Gen. R. F. Hoke; after the war returned 
 home and engaged in farming; master of State 
 Grange and ex officio member of State board of 
 agriculture in 1877; elected to the State senate in 
 1878 and reelected in 1882, 1884, and 1886; member 
 of the board of trustees of the North Carolina Agri- 
 cultural and Mechanical College; elected to the 
 Fifty-second Congress as a Democrat and reelected 
 to the Fifty-third Congress. 
 
 Alford, Julius C, was a native of Georgia; 
 received an academic education; studied law; 
 admitted to the bar and began practicing at 
 Lagrange, Ga. ; elected a Representative from that 
 State to the Twenty-fourth Congress as a State 
 Rights Whig (to fill a vacancy caused by the resig- 
 nation of George W. B. Towns), serving from Jan- 
 uary 31, 1837," to i\Iarch 3, 1837; defeated for 
 reelection to the Twenty-fifth Congress; elected 
 to the Twenty-sixth Congress; reelected to the 
 Twenty-seventh Congress as a Harrison Whig, and 
 served'from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1843. 
 
 Alg-er, Russell A., of Detroit, Mich., was born 
 in Lafayette Township, Jledina County, Ohio, Feb- 
 ruary 27, 1836; at the age of 11 years his parents 
 died; for seven years he labored on a farm, attend- 
 ing^ the Richfield Academy, in Summit County, 
 Ohio, in winters, and subsequently taught country 
 school; later studied law at Akron, Ohio; admitted 
 to tlie bar by the supreme court of that State 
 March, 1859; the degree of LL. D. was conferred 
 uponhimliyIIillsdaleCollegeinMay,1855; Decem- 
 ber, 1859, moved to Grand Rapids, Mich.; exten- 
 sively engaged in the lumber business and other 
 industries since 1866; August, 1861, enlisted in the 
 Army and nmstered into service as ca|)tain of Com- 
 pany C, Second Michigan Cavalry, September 2, 
 1861; major of the regiment A])ril 2, 1862; lieu- 
 tenant-colonel Sixth Michigan Cavalry, October 
 30, 1862; colonel Fifth Michigan Cavalry, June 11, 
 1863; brevet brigadier-general, U. S. Volunteers, 
 for gallant and meritorious services to rank from 
 the battle of Trevillon Station, June 11, 1S64: 
 
 brevet major-general, U. S. Volunteers, June 11, 
 1865, for gallant and meritorious servit'es during 
 the war. having particijiated in 66 battles and skir- 
 mishes; elected commander in chief of the Grand 
 Army of the Republic in 1.S89; in politics General 
 Algerwas a Repulilican; delegate to the Repub- 
 lican national convention of 1884, and elected gov- 
 ernor of Michigan in the same year, declining a 
 renomination in 1886; first electoral large of his 
 State in 1888; Jlarch, 1897, appointed Secretary of 
 War by President McKinlev, resigning August 1, 
 1899; September 27, 1902, appointed United States 
 Senator by Governor Bli.ss, of Michigan, to fill the 
 vacancy caused liy the death of James McMillan; 
 took his seat December 1, 1902, and elected by the 
 legislature in January, 1903. 
 
 Allan, Chilton, was born April 6, 1786, in 
 Albermarle County, Va. ; received a common 
 school education; learned the wheelwright's trade; 
 moved to Kentucky, and, after working hours, 
 studied law; admitted to the bar; elected to the 
 legislature in 1811 and .served for several years; 
 elected a representative from Kentucky to the 
 Twenty-second Congress as a Clay Democi-at; 
 reelected to the Twenty-third Congress without 
 opposition, and reelected to the Twenty-fourth 
 Congress, serving from December 5, 1831, to March 
 3, 1837; elected president of the State board of 
 internal improvements in 1838; again elected to 
 the State house of representatives in 1842; died at 
 Winchester, Ky., September 3, 1858. 
 
 Allee, James Frank, Re]iublican, of Dover, 
 Del., was born in that city in 1857; learned the trade 
 of jeweler and watchmaking from his father, whom 
 he succeeded in business; president of the Bay State 
 Gas Company, of Delaware, and of the Staten 
 Island Brick Company; elected to the State senate 
 on the Union Republican ticket in 1898 and 1902, 
 each time overcoming the opijosition of Democratic 
 and Regular Republican candidates: chairman of 
 the Union committee; elected to the United States 
 Senate March 2, 1903, to fill a vacancy that had 
 existed since March 3, 1901, and took his seat 
 March 3, 1903. 
 
 Allen, Amos I,., of Alfred, was born at Water- 
 boro, York County, Jle., JNIarch 17, 1837; attended 
 the common school, and entered the Whitestown 
 Seminary, Whitestown, N. Y., in 1853, and the 
 soi)homore class of Bowdoin College in 1857, grad- 
 uating in 1860; studied law at Alfred, and attended 
 the Columbian Law School at Washington, D. C; 
 admitted to the bar of York County in 1866; served 
 as clerk in Treasury Deiiartment for about three 
 years; elected clerk of the courts for Y'ork County 
 in 1870 and reelected three times and served twelve 
 years, until January 1, 1883; clerk of the Judiciary 
 Committee, House of Representatives, in 1883-84"; 
 special examiner under the Pension Bureau for 
 a year in 1884-85; mend^er of the Maine leg- 
 islature in 1886-87; private secretar\- to Speaker 
 Reed in the Fifty-first, Fifty-fourth, a'nd Fifty-fifth 
 Congresses; delegate at large from Maine to the 
 Republican national convention at St. Louis in 
 1896, and member of the committee on resolu- 
 tions; elected to the Fifty-sixth (^ongress as a 
 Republican November 6, 1899, to fill the vacancy 
 occasioned by the resignation of Hon. T. B. Reed; 
 reelected to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth 
 Congresses. 
 
 Allen, Augustus F., was born in 1810; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the Forty- 
 fourth Congress as a Republican, but died at 
 Jamestown, N. Y., January 22, 1875, before he 
 took his seat. 
 
358 
 
 CONCiKKSSIONAI, IHUKriuUY. 
 
 Allen, Charles, was Imrn at Wiiri'ivlcr. Miitw., 
 Aii^'iist ;i, lS!t7; f^lnilitMl law and ailiiiilli'il to tin- 
 l>ar; ln'fraii |iracticiiitf at Hniiiitrf»\ ami soun after 
 nmvoil til Wiircoster; iiumuIkt of I he State lioiisc 
 111 re|iri'soiitativrs in ISL'il, ls:!4. ls;i(>, and l.H4(l, 
 and Stale scnatnr in is:!'!, 1S,!S, and IS:!!I; nieinlHT 
 iif tlie iiorllieastein liDinidaivcnnnnlssidn; jndj;eiif 
 tlie I'linrt nf eoinniDn pleas I S-l'J- 1 S44 : declined to 
 lie a raiiilidate fur judjie of the Stiitesnprenie rimrt 
 in 1S47 after having received the nuinination; 
 elected a Keiire.sentative from Massaclnisetts to the 
 Thirty-tirst Cun^rrcss as a V'wv Soiler, nii the sec- 
 nnd trial; reeleete<l to the Thirty-second Confrress 
 on the second trial: nietnher of the State constitu- 
 tional coiivintioii in IS.Vi; chief jnstice of the S\if- 
 folk County supreme court ISoS-IStiO; dclej:ate to 
 the peace conference in IHtil; died at Worcester, 
 Mass.. Anirust f>, IStiil. 
 
 Allen, Charles H., of Lowell, Mas.*., was born 
 at Lowell. Mass.. April fT>, 1S4S; litted for collefrc 
 in pulilic schools; urailnatcd from Amherst College 
 in l.siiii; took thedef;reeof A. M. in ISTJ; eiiRa-ied 
 ill mercantile pinsuits; lielil various local otlices; 
 member of the Ma.-'.sacliusetts hou.seof representa- 
 tives in ISSl and 1S82, and of the Ma.s.-achusetts 
 senate in 18S:!, servinir in eacli branch upon im- 
 portant committees; elected to the Korty-ninth 
 Conjrress as a Kepublican, and reelected to the 
 I'iflielh Consrress. 
 
 Allen, Clarence Smir, of Salt Laket'ity, Utah. 
 was born at (iirard. I'>ie County, I'a., September 
 .S, 1S.lL': trained in the common schools of (iirard; 
 litted for collc>;c at (irand Kiver Institute, Austin- 
 burg. Ohio, and K'a'lnated from Western Reserve 
 Collejre with the class of 1.S77: tau<;ht one year at 
 (iranil Kiver Instituti'. and then was principal of 
 the preparatory of Western Reserve CoUejre three 
 years; went to Salt Lake City, Utah, in Au};ust, 
 ISSl, where he was an instructor in Salt Lake 
 Aiademy until 1S,S6, when he resij;ned and entered 
 U])on the bu.siness of ininiiif;; electe(l to and .served 
 in the Territorial le^rislatiires of IS.s.s, 1,S90, and 
 lSi)4: elected county <lcrk of Salt Lake County. 
 I'tah. in Anjiust, ISiHI. ami served until .lannary 1. 
 ISii:!; admitleil to the bar at Salt Lake City in 
 l.siiL'; Liberal candiilate for Oelejiati' to Con';re.>'s 
 in l.stll'; elcited to the Lifty-fourlh Congress as a 
 Republican at the special election held Novem- 
 ber 5, ISil.i, to vote upon the <'onstitution of the 
 ])ro])osed State of Utah ami for the ."election of the 
 otlicers thereof; took his reat in the House of 
 Representatives .January 7, 18(lli. 
 
 Allen, Edward P., of Ypsilanti, Mich., was 
 born at Sharon, Washtenaw County, Mieh., Octo- 
 ber '2S, ls:>!l; worked on a farm until L'(1 veal's old. 
 attemling school and teaching; during winters: 
 graduated from the State Normal .Sliool in Mar<-h. 
 1NI>4; taught the Union School at Va,s«jir, Mich., 
 for the three months following, when he enlisteil 
 and heljied to rai.se a company for the Twenty- 
 ninth Michigjin Infantry: commissioned lirst lieu- 
 tenant ill that regiment in the following .S-ptein- 
 ber, and went with it .Smthwest, where the regi- 
 ment was engaged in active cain|>aigning until 
 the 1st of A|iril; in .SeptemlH-r. ISli."). nuistered 
 out of the service with his regiment as captain; 
 entered the law school at .\nii .\rbor, graduating 
 ill March, I.Hli7: formed a |iartiiership with Hon. 
 S. M. Cutcheon: upon the removal of Mr. 
 Ciitcheon to Petroit, in 1HV5, continued the 
 practice alone at Ypsilanti; electeil alderman of 
 Ypsilanti in 1H72 ami IS74, and mayor in bSH(); 
 pros«'cuting attorney of Washtenaw Count v in 1.S72; 
 electtil to the lower hon.se of the legislatiin- in 
 
 1871), serving as chairman of the coininitttH' on 
 education; again elected in 1878, at which time he 
 was eli'cted speaker pro tempore: appointed as- 
 sistant a.-^sewi<ir of internal revenue in ISIiil; United 
 States Indian agent for Miihigan in August, 1K8L', 
 which ollicc he held until iK'cemlH-r, 188."); ran 
 for Coiign-ss in 1884; elected to the Fiftieth and 
 Fifty-firat Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Allen, ElishaH. , was born .lannary 28, 1804, 
 at Salem. .Mass.: receiveil a cla.ssical education; 
 studied law; ailmitted to the bar and began 
 practicing at I'.angor. Me.; member of the .State 
 house of repre.sc'Utatives bs:i(>-lS41, an<l in 18:{8 
 wassi)eaker; elected a Hepreseiitative from Maine 
 to the Twentv-seventh Congies.s as a Whig; de- 
 feated for reelection to the Twenty-eiglith Con- 
 gress; again elected to the State house of repre- 
 .seiitatives in 18411; moved to Moston in 1847, where 
 he r<\sumed the practice of his i)rofession; ap- 
 l)ninled consul at Honolulu, and was ]iromiiientIy 
 connected with the governmi'iit of the Hawaiian 
 Lslands as chief justice, and as regent and envoy 
 to the Unit«<I States in 18.M), 1K64, 1870, and 187.'). 
 
 Allen, Heman, was born February 2;?, 1779, at 
 I'oultney. \t.; receiveil a liber.il education and 
 gradualcil from Kartinouth CollegiMii 17!l.): studied 
 law: admitted to the bar and began practicing 
 at Colchester: sheriff of Chittemlcn Countv, in 
 1808-!! and 1811-1814 chief justice of the county 
 court; member of the .state house of representa- 
 tives 1812-1817; elected a Represt-ntative from 
 Vermont to the Fifteenth Congress', but resigiunl 
 on account of having l)een api>oint<'(l l)y President 
 Monroe United .states marshal for the district of 
 Vermont, serving in Congress from December 1, 
 1817, until .\ngust 1. 1818; minister ]iK'ni])otentiary 
 to Chile .January 27. 1823, until July 31, l.'>27; 
 moved to Highgate, Vt., and died there April 7, 
 1.S.52. 
 
 Allen, Heman, wa-s Ixirn at Milton, Vt., in 
 1770; after having received an academii-eilucation, 
 studieil law: admitted to the bar ami l)eg;in ])r]ic- 
 ticing in his native tt>wir. eleitcd a Representa- 
 tive iroin Vermont to the Twenty-second Congress 
 as a Whig; reelected to the Twenty-third and 
 Twenty-fourth Congres,ses; defeate<l fiir reelection 
 to the Tweiitv-lifth Congress; dieil at Burlington, 
 Vt., December 11, 1,844. 
 
 Allen, Henry D., of Morganlielil. Union 
 County. Ky., was born in Hemlerson County, Ky., 
 .lune 24, 18.i4; inove<I with his parents to Union 
 County in l.s.")."), where he ri'siileil: reareil on a 
 farm and educati^il in the common schools and at 
 Morganlield Collegiate Institute; taught for live 
 years in the public sihools of Union County; ad- 
 mitted to the bar in .Inly. 1878; served as conimon- 
 schoolcouMuissionerforthriH'yt'sirs: eleited county 
 attorney, and servt'd in that capai-ity f.ir nine vears: 
 elected to the Fiftv-sixth Congress, and reelected 
 to the Fifty-seventli Congrt-ss. 
 
 Allen, James C, was iMirii .lannary 28, 1823, 
 in .Shelby County, Ky.: received a public-school 
 education: studied law; admitted to the l)ar in 
 Indiana in l.'<43 and beg-an practicing; electeil 
 prosecuting attorney for the seventh judicial dis- 
 trict of Indiana l."<4ii-1848; movinl to Illinois 
 and was a meiiilHT of the State liou.se of r»'pre- 
 rentatives 1 ,><.")0-.') 1 ; electtnl a Representative 
 from Illinois to the Thirty-third Congre.ss as a 
 DeiiioiTat: Democnitii' candidate for rt^-lection to 
 the Thirty-fourth Congress and received the i-er- 
 titicate of election, but on a contest the House 
 diH'lareil the si'at to lie vacant; at a siibsei|uent 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 359 
 
 election was electt-'il and took liifi scat December 1, 
 1856: elected t'lerk of the House of Representa- 
 tives for the Thirty-tifth Congress; again elected 
 to the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Representative 
 at Large. 
 
 Allen, John, was born in 1763 at Great Bar- 
 riugton, ilass. ; received a classical education; 
 studied law; admitted to the bar and practiced at 
 Litchfield, Conn.; elected a Representative from , 
 Connecticut to the Fifth Congress as a Federalist, 
 serving from Mav 15, 1797, to March H, 1799; died 
 at Litchfield, Coiin., July SI, 1812. 
 
 Allen, John Beard, of Walla Walla, Wash.; 
 was born at Crawfordsville, Jlontgouierv t'ounty, 
 Ind., May 18, 1845; educated at Wabash Col- 
 lege, Crawfordsville; private soldier in the One 
 hundred and thirty-tifth Regiment of Indiana 
 Volunteers: moved with his father's family tci 
 Rochester. ^linn., where he resided until .Janu- 
 ary, 1870; here he read law and admitted to prac- 
 tice; moved to Washington Territory in March, [ 
 1870, and entered upon the practice of his pro- 
 fession; appointed L'Tnited States attorney for 
 Washington Territory April, 1875, by President 
 Grant, and continued in that otlice until July, 
 1885; reporter of the supreme court of Washing- 
 ton Territory from 1878 to 1885; elected to the 
 Fifty-first Congress as a Republican from the Ter- 
 ritory of Washington; elected to the United States 
 Senate under the provisions of the act of Congress 
 admitting Washington Territory into the Union; 
 took his seat December 2, 1889; reelected in 1893; 
 seat declared vacant by the LTnited States Senate 1 
 August 28, 1893; resumed the practice of law; died i 
 January 28, 1903. 
 
 Allen, John J., was a native of Virginia; re- 
 ceived a lilieral education, studied law, and began 
 practicing in Harrison County; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Virginia to the Twenty-third Con- 
 gress; chief justice of the supreme court of 
 Virginia. 
 
 Allen, John M. , of Tupelo, Miss., was born in 
 Tishomingo County, Miss., July 8, 1847; received 
 a common-school education up to his enlistment 
 as a private in the Confederate army, in which he 
 served through the war; after the cessation of hos- 
 tilities attended the law school at the Cumberland 
 University in Lebanon, Tenn., and graduated in 
 law, in the year 1870, from the University of Missis- 
 sippi; ci.innnenced the practice of his profession at 
 Tupelo, Lee County, Miss., in 1870; elected district 
 attorney for the first judicial district of Jlissi.ssippi 
 in 1875; served a term of four years, and relirwl 
 from that office; elected a representative from 
 Mississippi to the Forty-ninth Congress as a Dem- 
 ocrat; reelected to the Fiftieth, Fiftv-first, Fifty- 
 second, Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-iifth, and 
 Fifty-sixth Congresses; declined being a candidate 
 for reelection to the Fifty-seventh Congress; in 
 March, 1901, appointed a LTnited States commis- 
 sioner to the St. Louis Exposition of 1904. 
 
 Allen, John W. (son of John Allen), was born 
 in 1802 at Litchfield, Conn.; received a classical 
 education; moved to Cleveland, Ohio, in 1825; 
 member of the State senate 1835-1837; elected a 
 Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-lifth Con- 
 gress as a Whig; reelected to the Thirty-sixth 
 Congress. 
 
 Allen, Joseph, was born Septendjer 2, 1749, at 
 Boston, Mass. ; graduated from Har\ard College in 
 1774; became engaged in mercantile pursuits at 
 Leicester, Mass. ; moved to Worcester in 1 77G, ha\-- 
 ing been chosen clerk of the court, which posi- 
 
 tion he held until 1810; member of the State 
 constitutional convention in 1778; Presidential 
 elector in 1797; elected a Representative from 
 Massachusetts to the Eleventh Congress in place of 
 Jabez Upham, resigned; State councillor 1815 and 
 1816; died at ^\'orcester, September 2, 1827. 
 
 Allen, Judson, was a native of Connecticut; 
 received a public-school education; moved to 
 Brown County, N. Y.; member of the State house 
 (jf representatives in 1837; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Twenty -sixth Congress as 
 a Democrat. 
 
 Allen, Nathaniel, was born in New York State; 
 member of the State assembly of New York in 
 1812; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Sixteenth Congress. 
 
 Allen, Philip, was l)oru September 1, 1785, at 
 Providence, R. I.; graduated from Brown Univer- 
 sit}' in 1803; became engaged in mercantile pursuits; 
 appointed pension agent and president of the 
 . Rhode Island branch of tlieXTnited States Bank in 
 1827; elected governor of Rhode Island in 1851 
 as a Tariff Democrat; reelected in 1852 and 1853; 
 at the Jlay session of the legislat\u-e, and after he 
 had been elected governor of the State, was elected 
 a United States Senator for the term commencing 
 March 4, 1853, and served until March 3, 1859; died 
 at Providence, R. I., December 16, 1865. 
 
 Allen, Robert, was born in Augusta CJounty, 
 Va. ; received a jjublic-school education; movecl 
 to Carthage, Tenn,, where he engaged in business; 
 served as county clerk for many years; ser\'ed in 
 the war of 1812, and commanded a regiment of 
 Tennessee Volunteers under General Jackson; 
 elected a Representative from Tennessee to the 
 Sixteenth Congress as a Democrat; reelected to 
 the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Con- 
 gresses; declined a reelection; died at Carthage, 
 Tenn., August 19, 1864. 
 
 Allen, Robert, was born July 30, 1794, at Wood- 
 stock, Va. ; received a liberal education and gradu- 
 ated from Washington College; studied law;admit- 
 ted to the bar and began the ])racticeof his pnjfes- 
 sion at Woodstock; elected prosecuting attorney; 
 member of the State senate for five years; elected 
 a Representative from Virginia to the Twentieth 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the Twenty- 
 first Congress; died at Mount Jackson, Va. 
 
 Allen, Samuel Clesson, was born January 5, 
 1772, at Bernardstown, Mass.; graduated in 1794 
 from Dartmouth College; studied theology and 
 was pastor of the Congregational Churcli in North- 
 field 1795-1798; studied law; admitted to the bar 
 and practiced; member of the State house of rep- 
 resentatives 1806-1810, and of the State senate 
 1812-1815; elected a Representative from Mas,sa- 
 chusetts to the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Seventeenth, 
 Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses, 
 serving from December 6, 1819, to Jlarch 3, 1829; 
 again elected to the State senate in 1831 ; died Feb- 
 ruary 8, 1842, at Northfield, Mass. 
 
 Allen, Thomas, of St. Louis, Mo., was born at 
 Pittsfleld, Mass.; educated at Union College; 
 studied law in New York City and admitted to the 
 bar; came to Washington in 1837 and established 
 the Madisonian, and elected Printer to the House 
 of Representatives and two years later Printer to 
 the Senate; five years editor and proprietor of the 
 Madisonian in Washington City; went to St. Louis 
 and married in 1842; member'of the State senate 
 of Missouri 1850-1854; engaged in internal improve- 
 ments; projected and liuilt over 1,000 miles of rail- 
 
3(50 
 
 lIONtlKKSSloNAL DIKKCTOKY. 
 
 way; took the (irst locomotive acro.as tli(> ^lissiH- 
 »\]t]H in IS.VJ; iiri'siclciit anil ilinctor of various 
 |>ul)lic ami private worlcH and iiistitiilioiix; crei-tcil 
 and ])ri's<Mil<'(l lo liis native town a free library in 
 IS74, anil the sanic year reieiveil from liiH alma 
 mater the honorary decree of I.L.I).; elected to 
 the Knrty-wvcnth 'Connrecs as a Democrat while 
 president of the St. Louis, Iron IMounlain and 
 Southern Kailway, but subse(iuently sold his rail- 
 way interests and retired from all active business 
 except farmintiand the care of his propertv; dicil 
 April S, ISH2. 
 
 Allen, William, «as burn in 180(5 at Edenton, 
 N. C. ; received a classical education; niov<'d to 
 Ohio and studied law; admitted to tin- bar and 
 practiced; elected a Re|>resciitalive from Ohio to 
 the Twenty-third Con^rre.-^s; elected to the Tnited 
 States Senate (in place of Thomas Mwin^;), and re- 
 elected, serving from March 4, 18H7, to >rarch .'!, 
 1.H49; elected governor of Ohio 1874-187(i; can- 
 didate for reelection, but defeated by Rutherford 
 \'t. Hayes, Republican. 
 
 Allen, William, was born August i:;, 1S27, in 
 I'lUlU'r ( 'ounty, < >hio; received a public-school edu- 
 cation and tau;;bt; studied law, and in lS4tl admit- 
 ted to the bar; elected a Kepresentative from Ohio 
 to the Thirty-sixth Conjrress as a Democrat; re- 
 elected to the Tliirty-seventh (^1nf;ress, 
 
 Allen, William J., a native of Tenne.ssee, Wius 
 born in ISL'S; cmi'^'rated the following year with 
 bis father to Illinois: received a couunon school 
 education; studied law and admitted to the bar in 
 b'<4S; member of the Stale lci;islature in l.^.'>4; ap- 
 pointcddislrict allorney in ls."i.")and resi^rned when 
 elected jud}xe of the circuit coiu't; elected a Keprc- 
 resentalive from 1 11 inois to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
 uresfl (to till a vacancv caused l>y the resi};nation 
 of (ien. J. \. Lojian'); reelected to the Thirty- 
 eighth Conpress as a Democrat; died .lannarv 2(), 
 KtOl. 
 
 Allen, William Vincent, of Madison, .Nebr., 
 was horn in Mi<Uvay, Madi.son ("ounty, Ohio, 
 .lanuary 28, 1847; moved with his stepfather's 
 fannly to Iowa in 18.")7: educated in the common 
 schools of Iowa and attended the TppiT Iowa 
 rniversity at Kayette for a time, but did not 
 (jradnate; private soldier in Company (i. Thirty- 
 second Iowa Volunteer Infantry, during the war 
 of the rebellion, the last live months of his service 
 being on the staff of ( ieu. ,1. I.tiilbert; read law; 
 admitted to the bar May :!1, IStill, and practiced 
 law from then until elected judge of the ilistrict 
 court of the ninth judicial district of Nebraska, in 
 the fall of 1891; moved from Iowa to Nebraska in 
 1S,S4; elected a I'nited Slates Senator, lo sui'ceed 
 .\lgernon Sidney I'addock, Februarv 7, I8(l,'<, for 
 the full term of six veal's, couuueticmg March 4, 
 l.SH.'i; appoinled judge of the district court of the 
 ninth judicial district of NcbriLska, IMarch 9, I8!)i), 
 to (ill a vacancy; elected judge November 7, 18il!», 
 for the full term to begin on the first Thursday in 
 .lanuarv, l!l(10; apiminled a I "uited . 'States Semitor 
 l)e<-emi)er 1.'!, I8!l",l, to lill the vacancy caused by 
 the death of lion. M. L. Ilayward; resigned his 
 juilu'iship three davs later and took his seat in 
 the I 'niU'd States Senate, December I'.l, 18'.llt. 
 
 Allen, Willis, was a native of Tennessee; 
 i-lecti-d a Represental i VI' from Illinois to the Thirty- 
 second ( 'ougre.ss as a Democrat, and ri-eleeted to 
 the Thirty-thinI Congress. 
 
 Alley, John B., wa.- horn January 7, 1817, at 
 Lynn, Mas.-., received a lilwral education; engaged 
 in the shoo and leather husinesis; nieinlHT of the 
 
 State senate in 18.")2; meudicmf the constitutional 
 convention in 1S.">.'!; elected a Ripreseiilative (roiu 
 Ma.s.sacbu.ssett.s to the Thirty-sixth Congress an 
 a Republican; reelected to the Thirty-seventh, 
 Thirty-eighth, and Thirty-ninth Congres.ses; aftiT 
 leaving Congress IjecAine connected with the I'nion 
 I'acilie Railroad. 
 
 Allison, James, wiLs born October 4, 1772, in 
 Ct'cil County, Md.; studied law and admitteil to 
 the bar; began i)racticing in Heaver County, Pa.; 
 eleet"il a Kepresentative from rennsylvania to the 
 ICighteenlh Congress; reelected to the Nineteenth 
 Congress, but decliueil to serve on account of ill 
 health: died in ,Iune, 18o4. 
 
 Allison, John (son of .Tames Allison), was horn 
 .\ugustr>, 1S12, in rennsylvania; received a libend 
 education: studied law and admitted to the bar, 
 but never ]iracticeil; mendierof the State house of 
 repri'tensatives in lS4ii, 1S47, and 1S4!I; elected a 
 Uejiresentative from I'eunsylvania to the Thirty- 
 second Congress as a Whig; defeated for reeled ion, 
 but reelected as a member of the Thirty-fourth 
 Congress as a Whig; ilecliued a renoniiiuition; ap- 
 pointed Register of the Treasury .\pril .'!, 18(iit. 
 
 Allison, Robert, was a native of Pennsylvania; 
 received a public school education; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Pennsylvania to the Twenty- 
 second Congress. 
 
 Allison, William Boyd, of Dubui|Ue, Iowa, 
 was born at I'crry, (Ibio, March 2, ]82tl; educateil 
 at the Western Reserve College, Ohio; studied law 
 and practiced in Ohio \nitil he moved to Iowa in 
 18.")7; served on the staff of the governor of Iowa 
 and aided in organizing volunteers in the begin- 
 ning of the war fortbesu)>pre<sionof the rebellion; 
 elected a Representative to the Thirty-eighth, 
 Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, and I'orty-lirst Congresses; 
 elected to the I'uiti'd States ,'^cnate as a Repul>- 
 licau to succeed .lames llarlau. Republican; took 
 hisseat March 4, 1S73, re<-leeted in 1878, 1884, 1890, 
 18<Mi, and 1902. 
 
 Aplin, Henry Harrison, of West Hay City, 
 Mich., was born at Thetford, (ienesee County, 
 Mich., April li>, 1.S41; his parents nioveil to Flint 
 in 1848, and the sou's edncation was reeeive<l in 
 the public schoolsof Flint; the family returned to 
 the farm in 18."i(i, where the son remained until the 
 outbreak of the civil war, when he eidisteil on 
 .luly .'!, ISlil, in Company C, Sixteenth Michigan 
 Infantry; served until the close of the war. leaving 
 the service .Inly Hi, ISti."), with the nmk of second 
 lieutenant; returning to Michigan, engaged in mer- 
 <'antile business at Wenona, now West Hay City; 
 postmasterat West liay City from November, 18(i9, 
 to .Inue, 1SS(!, and ag;iin appointed to the same 
 ollict'Octobi-r 1, ISttS; at the November election in 
 IS.Sit elected auditor-geuenil of the State; reelei-ted 
 to the same ollice in IS.SS; elected to the lower 
 house of the State legislature from the second dis- 
 trict of Hay County in l.'<94, servins; during the 
 session of is9."i; deiegjite lo the nalioiuil conven- 
 tion which nominated HIaiue and Logan in 1.884; 
 served as township clerk and tow nship treasun-r, 
 each three yiars; elected to lln> Fifty-seventh Con- 
 gress as a Republican October b'l, 1901, to till the 
 vacancy eauseil by the death of Hon. Rous,seau O. 
 Crump. 
 
 Alsop, John, wius a native of Conneetieul; 
 moved to New York and eligageil in the meniin- 
 tile business, and became very successful; eleet*-*! 
 a Delegati' from Ni'W York totbe Continental Con- 
 gress and reelecte<l, serving from .Seiiteiidier 14, 
 1774, to Oelolier 2fi, 1774, and from ^lay ID, 177.'i. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 361 
 
 to the latter part of that year when he returned to 
 Conneftk'ut; died November 22,1794, at Newtown, 
 Lonff Island, N. Y. 
 
 Alston, Lemuel J. , was a native of South Caro- 
 lina; elected a Representative from South Carolina 
 to the Tenth Congress and reelected to the Elev- 
 enth Congress. 
 
 Alston, William J., was a native of Georgia; 
 moved to Alaljaina while quite young and settled 
 in Marengo County; elected a niemhcrof theState 
 house of representatives in lK'i7, and in 1839 State 
 senator; elected a Representative from Alabama 
 to the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig; againelected 
 to the State house of representatives in 1855. 
 
 Alston, Willis, was a native of Halifax County, 
 N. C. ; received a liberal education; member of 
 the house of conmions of theState of North Caro- 
 lina in 1791, 1792, 1820, and 1821, and of the State 
 senate 1794-1796; elected a Representative from 
 North Carolina to the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, 
 Eleventh, Twelfth, and Thirtt'cntli Congresses as 
 a War Democrat, and again elected to the Nine- 
 teenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Congresses; 
 died April 10, 18:57, at Ilalifa.x, N. C. 
 
 Alvord, James C, was born in Massachusetts 
 in 1808; received a classical education, and gradu- 
 ated from Dartmouth College in 18(i7; studied huv 
 and was admitted to the bar; served one year in 
 each Ijranch of the legislature of Mas.sachusetts, 
 and elected a Representative from Massachusetts 
 to the Thirty -sixth Congress as a Whig; died Sep- 
 tember 27, 1859, before taking his seat. 
 
 Ambler, Jacob A., was born February 18, 
 1829, at Pittsburg. Pa.; stiidie<l law, admitted to 
 the bar and began i)racticing in Ohio; elected to 
 the legislature in 1857, and served two terms; ap- 
 l)ointeil judge of the ninth judicial district in 1859, 
 serving until 1807; elected a Representative from 
 Ohio to the Forty-first Congress as a Republican, 
 and reelected to the Forty-second Congress. 
 
 Amerman, Lemuel, of Scranton, Pa., was born 
 near Danville, -Mont.mr tV)unty, Pa., October 29, 
 1846; brought nj) on a farm; educated in the com- 
 mon schools, Danville Academy, and P>ucknell 
 University, at Lewisburg, Pa. ; taught school three 
 years; professor of ancient languages and English 
 literature in the State Normal School at JMansHeld, 
 Pa., forthree years; read lawin Philadelphia with 
 Hon. Lewis C. Cassady; admitted to practice and 
 located in Scranton in 1876; county solicitor for 
 Lackawanna County, 1879-80; representative in 
 Pennsylvania legislature, 1881-1884; city comp- 
 troller of Scranton, 1885-86; re[)orter of the deci- 
 sions of the .supreme court of Pennsylvania, 
 1886-87; elected to the Fifty-second Congress as a 
 Democrat; died October 7, 1897. 
 
 Ames, Adalbert, was born October 31, 18.35, 
 at Rockland, Jle. ; received a liberal eilucation; 
 graduated at the United States Military Academy 
 at West Point, Jlay 6, 1861; connni.ssioned second 
 lieutenant of artillery; breveted major for meri- 
 torious servicesat Pull Run, where he was wounded; 
 breveted lieutenant-colonel for services at the bat- 
 tle of Malvern Hill; apjiointed colonel of the 
 Twentieth Maine Volunteers; breveted major- 
 general of volunteers for services at Fort Fisher; 
 at the close of (he civil war breveted major-general 
 in the United States Army for meritorious services 
 in the field during the rebellion; api)oinled pro- 
 visional governor of Jlississippi .Inne 15, 1868; 
 appointed to the command of the fourth nnlilary 
 district fdepartmentof Mississippi) March 17, 1869; 
 
 elected to the United States Senate from Missi.«- 
 sippi and took his seat .\]iril 1, 1870, serving until 
 January, 1874, when he resigned, having been 
 elected governor; resigned as governor in 1875 and 
 moved to Minnesota. 
 
 Ames, Fisher, was born April 9, 1758, at Ded- 
 ham, Mass.; received a classical education and in 
 1774 graduated from Harvard College; while teach- 
 ing school stu<lied law; admitted to tin' bar and 
 began practicing in 1781; served in tlu; State legis- 
 lature; elected a Representative from Ma.s.sachu,Hetts 
 to the First Congress as a Federalist over Samuel 
 Adams, and reelected to the Second, Third, and 
 Fourth Congresses; after leaving Congress resumed 
 the practice of law, and chosen presi<Ient of Har- 
 vard College in 1804, but declined; died at Ded- 
 ham, Mass., July 4, 1808. 
 
 Ames, Oakes, was born January 10, 1804, at 
 Easton, .Mass. ; received a publi(> school education; 
 learned the trade of shovel making and estab- 
 lished himself as amamifacturer at North Iviston; 
 mend)er of the e.vecutive council of Ma.ssachu- 
 setts; member of the Thirty-eighth Congress from 
 Massachusetts; reelected to the Thirty-ninth, 
 Fortieth, Forty-first, and Forty-second (Vmgresses; 
 died May 8, 1873, at North Easton, Mass. 
 
 Ancona, Sydenham E., was born Novendjer 
 20, 1824, at Warwick, Pa.; after receiving a lib- 
 eral education, moved to Berks County, Pa., 
 where for several years he was a-fsociated with the 
 Reading Railroad Company; elected a Represent- 
 ative from Pennsylvania "to the Thirty-.^eventh 
 ('ongress as a Democrat, and reelecteil to the 
 Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses. 
 
 Anderson, Albert E.., of Sidney, Iowa, was 
 born in .\dams County. Ohio, November 8, 18.37, 
 and moved with his 'parents to Galesliui-g, III.) 
 where he was educated in the common schools 
 and at Knox College; moved to Taylor County, 
 Iowa, in 1857, where he studied law and was 
 admitted to the bar; appointed postmaster of 
 Clarinda by President Lincoln in IXOl; resigned 
 that ofiice to enlist as a private in Comi>any K, 
 Fourth Iowa Volunteer Infantry; with his com- 
 pany in the battle of IVa Ridge," and pmmoted to 
 first lieutenant after the battle; while before 
 Vicksburg was promoted to th(^ captaincy of his 
 company; while serving as adjutant-general of 
 his brigade in the Atlanta campaign was commis- 
 sioned major of his regiment; coramLssioned lieu- 
 tenant-colonel of his regiment in 1865; wounded 
 at Jonesboro August 31 , 1864, and again at P.enton- 
 viUe, N. C, March 19, 1865: mustered out of the 
 service in August, 1865, and returned to Clarinda; 
 moved to Sidney in 1866; assessor of internal rev- 
 enue, 1868-1871; delegate to the national Repulj- 
 lican convention in 1872; district attorney 1876- 
 1880, when he resigned to become eligi"l)le for 
 election as elector at large on the Garfield and 
 Arthur ticket: appointeil State railroad connnis- 
 sioner in 1881; defi'ated for Congre.ss in 1882; 
 elected to the Fiftieth Congress as an Independent 
 Republican; died in 1898. 
 
 Anderson, Alexander, was a native of Ten- 
 nes.see; after having received aclassical erlucation, 
 studied law and jiracticedat Kuoxyille; elected to 
 the United States Senate from Tennessee as a 
 Democrat to succeed Hugh L. White (resigned), 
 serving from February 26, 1840, to March 3, 1841. 
 
 Anderson, C. L., of Kosciusko, Miss., was 
 born in Noxubee County, Miss., .March 15, 1845; 
 attended the conunon schools until the breaking 
 outof the civil war: entered t he Confederate Arm v 
 
302 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 Rs 11 jirivate in tlie Thirty-ninth Infantry Kejri- 
 nient, Mi.<sissi|«]ii Voliinlcci-s, Manh "). ISlil', an<l 
 served oontinumisly in tliat (•uninuiiiil. rcieivint; 
 promotion tlironiih tlic .■incccsfive f;niiU>s of non- 
 com iniysioneilnlticcrs, nntil .Iuly,lS(i-t,wlicn lie was 
 transferreil to Urailfonl's Cavalry (.'■ii| is nf Scouts, 
 witlitherankdf second lientenaiit.inwliichcaiiacily 
 lie serveil nntil the close of the war; entered the 
 I'niversity nf Mississi])i)i in Jannary, lS(it>, wliere 
 he remained until the suniiiier uf lSf)7, havintr 
 taken a partial course in lioth tlie literary and law 
 departments; commenced the practice of law in 
 the town (if Kosciuskii, Keliruary U, 1808; electeil 
 to the Mississippi lefiislature in N'ovemher, 1879, 
 ami served thriiujih the session of 1880; elected to 
 the Fiftieth Confjiess as a Democrat, and reeleeteil 
 to the Fifty-tirst Congress. 
 
 Anderson, Charles M., ni (irecnville, Ohio, 
 was liurn in .luniala Ccmnty, Pa,, ,lariuary .">, 184."i; 
 enii^rrated to Ohio in 18.Vi; served in the I'liion 
 Armydurins; tlu' civil war in one of Ihcdhio regi- 
 ments; i>ractised law: elected to the Forty-ninth 
 Conjiress as a Democrat; resumed the practice of 
 law after leavinj; Conj;ress. 
 
 Anderson, George A., of ijnincy. 111., was 
 Ixirn in Botetourt County, Va., March 11. 18ri:i; 
 moved with his parents to Hancock County, 111., 
 when 2 years of aj;e; received a conmion school 
 an<l colfefriate education, j;iadiialin>; with (irst 
 honors in 187t); studied law; be^ian the practice of 
 law in t-iuincy, III., in 1880; elected city attorney of 
 (iuincy in 1884, and reelected without op])osition 
 in 188,5; elected to the Fiftieth Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Anderson, George W., was horn May "-'2, 1.8;i2, 
 in Jefferson County, east Tenne.-'.'Jee; after grailn- 
 ating from Franklin College studied law; admitted 
 to the har and practiced; nioveil to Missouri in 
 18."):?: niemlier of the Missouri .<tatc legislature in 
 l,S.i9and 1 81)0 and of the State .■^^nate in i8t>l'; I'resi- 
 dential elector in IHiiO; from 18(iL' to l.8t>4 served 
 a.-i cohinel of a regiment of the reserve corps and 
 commanded the Forty-ninth liegiment and First 
 Battalion, K. M. M., in active service; elected a 
 Kei>resentative from Missouri to the Thirty-ninth 
 Congress as a Repuhlicaii. and reelected to the 
 Fortieth Congress. 
 
 Anderson. Hugh J., was horn in I80I at Bel- 
 fa.st, Mit-^s. (afterwards Maine I; received a liberal 
 education; clerk of the Waldo County courts 1827- 
 18.37; studied law; elected a Representative from 
 Maine to the Twenty-lifth Congress, ami reelected 
 to the Twenty-sixth Congress; governor of Maine 
 1844-1.847; Presidential elector on the ('a.-^s and 
 Butler ticket: commissioner of customs in the 
 Treaj-urv Deiiartmeiit 1.8.5:5- 18.58; Sixth .\uilitorof 
 the Treasury 18(i(>- 18(59. 
 
 -'jiderson, Isaac, was a reiire.^entative from 
 Peni. ylvania lo the F.ightli and Ninth Con- 
 gresses. 
 
 Anderson, John, was horn in 1792 at Cuin- 
 lierland. Me.; received a cla.«sical education, and 
 ill 181:5 graduated from Bowdoin Collegia studied 
 law, and in 181)5 admitted to the har and iH'gan 
 pnu-tieiiig; inemher of the Slate siiiale in 1824; 
 elecfed-a Keprc-^'Ulalive to the Ninelecnth Con- 
 gress and reelecteil to the Twentieth, Tweiity-lirst. 
 and Twenty-second Congrt-s.-'es; eleiled mayor of 
 Portlanil in 18:'.:5 ami 1842; I'liiled .Stales attorney 
 I'or the district of Maine 1. 8:5:5- l.S;57. and collector 
 of customs at Portland 18:57-1841 and 184:J-1,S4S; 
 died August 21, 1SI);5. 
 
 Anderson, John A., of Manhattan, Kans,, was 
 horn in Washington County, Pa., .lune (i, 18:54; 
 grailuated from .Miami Iniversitv, Oxford, Oliio, 
 18.5:!; elected liy the legislature of California triis- 
 ti-e of the Slate insane asylum in 1.8(10; appointed 
 chaplain of the Third Infantry, California Volun- 
 teers, in 18(12; accompanied (ieneral Connor' .s ex- 
 pedition to Salt I.ake City; in the .service of the 
 rnited States Sanitary Commission, 1.8(>:!-18(i7, a.s 
 California correspondent and agent; president of 
 the KaiL'^as State .\irriciiltural College from 187:5 to 
 March. 187(1, and served as such on (iroup XXI; 
 elected to the Forlv-sixth Coiigrc^-s as a Repuh- 
 licaii. and reelecteil to the Forty-seventh, Forty- 
 eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-lirst Con- 
 grc-i-^es; immediately after leaving Congress ap- 
 pointed consul-general to ICgypt; died at Liverpool 
 while serving in that capacity. 
 
 Anderson, Joseph, was born November .5, 1757, 
 near Philadelphia, Pa.; received a liberal educa- 
 tion and studied law; served through the Revolu- ' 
 tionary war and attained the rank of brevet major; 
 practiced law in Delaware for a minilxr of years; 
 apiiointed United .*^tiUes juilge of the territory 
 south of the Ohio River in 1791; meiiilierof the (irst 
 constilutional convention of Tennes-see; electeil 
 a I'nited States Senator from Tennessee, serving 
 from September 2(1, 1797, to March :5, 181.5; First 
 ComjitroUer of the Treapurv, serving from March 
 4, 181.5, to.Julv 1, 18:5(1; died at Washington April 
 17, 18:57. 
 
 Anderson, Joseph H., was a native of White 
 Plains, N. Y.; received a conimon-school tnluca- 
 tion; elected a Heprcientative from New York to 
 the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, and 
 reelected to the Twentv-ninth Congress; died at • 
 White Plain.s, N. Y. 
 
 Anderson, Josiah IS., was a native of Teunes- 
 
 .see; elected a Representative from that State to 
 the Thirty-lirst Congress as a Whig, serving from 
 Deceinl)er 3, 184i). to March :5, I.Sol; delegsite from 
 Tennessee to the peace congress of 1861. 
 
 Anderson, J. Patton, was born in Tenne.ssee; 
 moved to Washington Territory and st>ttle<l at 
 (!)lynipia; Delegate from Washington Territory to 
 the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Democrat; ai>- 
 |iointed governor of Washington Territory, holding 
 the position two months; entered the Conf<><lernte 
 army February 10. 18(12. as brigadier-general; com- 
 mander of the brigade composed of the Fii-st 
 Florida, St-venteenth .Maliama, and Fifth and 
 Kiglith Mississippi regiments: promott'd major- 
 general February 1 7. I.8ti4, and a.ssigned to the com- 
 mand of the district of Florida; sul>se<piently in 
 comniand of llindman's division, Polk's corps, 
 .Vrmy of Teiines.<ee. 
 
 Anderson, Ijugien, was born in June, 1.824, at 
 .Maylield. Ky.; riH-eivi-d a lilHT.il F.nglish e<hica- 
 fion; studieii law; admilti'd to the bar and U-gan 
 pra«-tice; elected a Representative from Kentucky 
 to the Thirty-eighth Congre.ss as a Union man. 
 
 Anderson, Richard Clough, jr., was iNirn 
 .\ngust 4, 1788, at Louisville, Ky.; attended si'hool 
 at till' Williaiii and .Marv College in Virginia and 
 graduated there; studied law; practiced at Louis- 
 ville; member of the Keiilucky legislature several 
 years; elected a Repre.'^enlative from Kentucky to 
 the Fifteenth Congress, and reelected to the .six- 
 teenth Congress; dei-liiu^i a n-election; again a 
 member of the State legislature in 1822 and el<H'ted 
 s|H-aker of the house; lirsl minister to Colombia, 
 January 27, 182:5; tiMik his leave June 7, having 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 363 
 
 been commissioned envoy extraordinary to the 
 Panama Congress of Nations, but died at Cartagena 
 July 24, lS2t), on his way there. 
 
 Anderson, Samuel, was a native of Pennsyl- 
 vania; served several years in the State legisla- 
 ture; elected a Representative from Pennsylvania 
 to the Twentieth Congress; died at Chester, Pa., 
 January 17, 1850. 
 
 Anderson, Simeon H., was born March 2, 
 1S02, in liarrard County, Ky.; received a liberal 
 education: studied law; admitted to the bar; a 
 member of the State legislature; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Kentucky to the Twenty-sixth 
 Congress, serving the first session, from Decemlier 
 2, 1839, until July 21, 1841); died before the expira- 
 tion of his term at his home near Lancaster, Kv., 
 August 11, 1840. 
 
 Anderson, Thomas L. , was born Decend^er 
 8, 1808, in Greene County, Ky.; studied law; 
 admitted to the bar; moved to Missouri in 1830, 
 where he began the practice of his profession; 
 member of the State legislature of Missouri in 
 1840; Presidential elector 1844, 1848, 1852, and 
 1856; member of the constitutional convention 
 in 1845; elected a Repre.sentative from Jlissouri 
 to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a National Amer- 
 ican, and reelected to the Thirty-sixth Congress 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Anderson, William, was born in Chester 
 County, Pa., in 1751); served through the Revolu- 
 tionary war and distinguished himself at German- 
 town and Yorktown; moved to Delaware County, 
 Pa., in 1790 where he f>ccupied several public po- 
 sitions; elected a Representative from Pennsyl- 
 vania to the Eleventh Congress as a Jefferson Dem- 
 ocrat, and reelected to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, 
 and Fifteenth Congresses; collector of customs at 
 Chester, Pa., where he died December 13, 1829. 
 
 Anderson, William B., was born April 2, 1830. 
 at ilount Vernon, 111.; received a common school 
 education; elected surveyor of .Jefferson County 
 in 1851 ; studied law and was admitted to the bar, 
 but never practiced; was a mendior of the legisla- 
 ture in 1856 anil 1858; entered the I'ninn Army as 
 as a private in 1861; brevetted brigadier-general; 
 elected member of the constitutional convention 
 of Illinois in 1869; elected to the State senate in 
 1871; elected a Representative from Illinois in the 
 Forty-fourth Congress as an Independent Repub- 
 lican. 
 
 Anderson, William C, was Ijorn December 6, 
 1829, at Lancaster, Ky.; graduateil from Danville 
 College; studied law; admitted to the bar and 
 practiced; member of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives in 1851 an<l 1853; defeated candidate of 
 the American party for the Thirty-fifth Congress; 
 elected a Representative from Kentucky to the 
 Thirty-sixth Congress as an .\merican, his seat be- 
 ing unsuccessfully contested; died at Frankfort, 
 Ky.. December 2.3, 1861. 
 
 Anderson, William Colman of Newport, 
 Tenn., was born near Greeneville, Tenn., in 1853; 
 raised on a farm; graduated from Tusculum Col- 
 lege in 1876; read law at Newport, Tenn. ; admitted 
 to the bar in 1878; elected to the State legislature 
 from Cocke' and Sevier counties in 1880 as a 
 Republican; chairman of the Republican Con- 
 gressional committee for the First district for six 
 years; appointeil a iirincipal examiner of contested 
 land claims in the Genci'al Land ( )Hice in 1889, and 
 afterwards promoted I'ur merit, first to chief of the 
 contest division, then to chief clerk of the General 
 
 Land Office; assistant secretary of the Republican 
 national committee, with headc^uarters in New 
 York, during the campaign of 1892, and took an 
 active pai't in that campaign; returned to Newport 
 in tlie spring of 1893 to resume his law practice; 
 nominated in 1894 and elected to the Fifty-fourth 
 Congress as a Republican; resumed the practice of 
 law; died September 8, 1902. 
 
 Andrew, Jolin Forrester, of Boston, Mass., 
 was born at Ilinghani, ^lass., November 24, 1850; 
 gi'aduated from Harvard Law School in 1875; 
 adnutted to the Suffolk bar, and practiced law in 
 Boston; served three terms as member of the State 
 house of representati\'es and two terms in the State 
 senate; Democratic candidate for governor in 1886, 
 and was defeated; elected to the Fifty-first Con- 
 gress as a Democrat, and reelected to the Fifty- 
 second Congress; died May 30, 1895, at Bostoii, 
 Mass. 
 
 Andrews, Charles, was born in 1814 at Paris, 
 Me.; studdied law; admitted to the bar in 1837; 
 began practicing at Turner, Me.; member of the 
 State house of representatives 1839-1843; served as 
 speaker in 1842; elected as a Representative from 
 Maine to the Thirt\'-second Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; died at Paris, Me., April 30, 1852. 
 
 Andrews, Georg-e R. , was a native of New 
 Y'ork ; elected a Representative from New Y'ork to 
 the Thirty-finst Congre.ssas a Whig; died atTicon- 
 deroga, N. Y. 
 
 Andrews, John T., was born in 1816 at North 
 Reading, N. Y.; educated in the public schools; 
 served as sheriff of Steuben County, 183-1-1837; 
 elected a Representative from New Y'ork to the 
 Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Andrews, Landaff W., was born February 
 12, 1803, in Fleming C'ounty, Ky. ; graduated from 
 the Transylvania University in 1824; studied law, 
 and in 1820 admitted to the bar; member of the 
 State house of representatives in 1834; elected a 
 Representative from Kentucky to theTwenty-sixth 
 Congress as a AVhig, ami reelected to the Twenty- 
 seventh Congress; defeated for reelection to the 
 Twenty-eighth Congress. 
 
 Andrews, Samuel G. , was born October 16, 
 1790, at Derby, Conn.; received a public school 
 education; moved with his parents to Rochester, 
 N. Y., in 1816; engaged in manufacturing; mayor 
 of Rochester; member of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives in 1831 and 1832; secretary of the 
 State senate four years; postmaster at Rochester; 
 elected a Representative from New York in the 
 Thirtv-tifth Congress as a Republican; died at 
 Rochester, N. Y., in 1863. 
 
 Andrews, Sherlock J., was born at Walling- 
 ford. Conn., in LSOl; graduated from Union Col- 
 lege; studied law and was admitted to the bar; in 
 1825 began practicing at Cleveland, Ohio; elected 
 a Representati\'e from Ohio in the Twenty-seventh 
 Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Andrews, William E., of Hastings, Nebr. ; 
 was Iiorn near (!)skaloosa, ^lahaska County, Iowa; 
 served as a farm hand several years during the 
 farming seasons, and attended country schools oc- 
 casionally in winter; entered Simpson College, 
 Indianola, Iowa, in 1874; elected superintendent 
 of the schools of Ringgold County, Iowa, in 1879; 
 graduated from Parsons College, Fairfield, Iowa, 
 in 1885; memberof the faculty of Hastings ( Xebr. ) 
 College from January 1, 1SS5, to .lanuary 1, 189:!; 
 elected vice-president of the college in 1.H89 and 
 president of the Nebraska State Teachers' Associ- 
 
8(>4 
 
 CONORESSIONAI. DIRKrTORY. 
 
 atiim in ISiH); niciiilicr nf tlu- Ni-tiniska Ui-|nil)li- 
 ciin State fi'iitral (•(uniiiittcf, ISHl-'.c'; iKuniiiaU'il 
 in 18;i2 by tho Ki'inililicans of tlic Kil'tli Nehiaska 
 liistrict to make llio canvass a^'ainst \V. A. 
 MeKi'ighan, Kiisioiiist, whose t'oniur |ihirality of 
 10,:WS was reihufil T.l'-'S vi>tes: jiiivate seiretary 
 to lion. Lorenzo Cronnse, governor of Nehra-ska, 
 18iW-i»4; i'U'cteil to the Kifly-fourtli Conjiress as a 
 Rei>ul)li('an; ajipointeii Auditor for tlie Treasury 
 Department liy I'resiilent ^leKinley in ISilT. 
 
 Angel, William G., was born July 17, 17H0, at ' 
 NewSlioreliain, lllork Island, K. I.: moved with bis ^ 
 parents to Lilebtield, ( >tse};o('onnty, N.Y.,in ITltl.'; 
 reeeive<l a common school education; stuilied med- 
 icine in ISO", and bej;an the study of law in KHOil; ; 
 admitte<l totlie barand bejrau practicinirat I'.urlinj;- [ 
 ton, X Y., in 1S17; elected a Reiiresentative from 
 New York in the Nineteenth t'onjrrcss as a .lolin 
 Quinev Adams Democrat; reelectecl to the Tweii- 
 tieth iiiid Tweiity-lirst Contiresses as a .lacksoii 
 Democrat: after the expiration of his service in 
 Conjiress moved to Hamniondsport, where he re- 
 sumed his practice; member of the eonstitudonal 
 convention in 184(), and was elected judt;c(if 
 AUepanv ("ountv in 1847; resigned in IS'iL'; died 
 August is, 18.=SS." at Angelica, N. Y. 
 
 Anthony, Henry B., was born at Coventry, 
 R. I., Aiiril 1, 1S1.">; educated at HroWn University, 
 graduating in 18:!3: editor of the I'rovidence .Jour- 
 nal in 1S:?S, and a few years afterwards became 
 one of it.s proprietors: elected governor of Rhoile ; 
 Island in 1849, and reelected in 18.i0; decliiie<l a 
 reuomination; resumed editorial work; elcctecl to 
 to the rnite<l .><tates Senate in l.H.")lt, and this otii.'c 
 he belli until his death, which occurred at Provi- 
 dence, R. I., September 2, 1884; elected President 
 pro tempore of the !<enate in March, l,St>:{, and 
 again in March, 1871; also elected to that ])osition 
 in 1884, but on account of ill health he decliueil to 
 serve; during his long service in the I'nited States 
 Senate he was twice elected chairman of the Com- 
 mittiT on Printing, and was also a member of sev- 
 eral imfMirtant connnlttees — Claims. Naval .\ffairs, 
 on Mines and .Mining, and Post-( )lliees and Post- 
 Roads. 
 
 Anthony, Joseph B., wa.« a native of Penn- 
 svlvania; elected a ri'pri'sentative from that State 
 to the Twenty-thiril and Twenty-fourth t"on- 
 pre.sse.«; die<l at Williamsport, Pa., .January 17, 
 IS.'Sl. 
 
 Antony. Edwin Le Koy, of Cameron, Tex., 
 was born near Waynesboro, in Burke County, (ia., 
 .Januarv T-,, 18.V_'; with his father's family he emi- 
 grated to the l>one Star State in Is.Vt, and located 
 in Brazoria County, Tex., where they resided 
 until the close of the civil war; thev removed 
 to Milam County, in that State, in 18(i7; in 1S69, 
 at the age of 17, having received tlie ordinary 
 edlK-ationof the country schools of that day in his 
 adopted State, he entered the university of his 
 native State at .Vtheus. (ia., whence In- graduated 
 in 187,'? with the degn^e of Hachelor of .\rts; 
 returned to his home in Milam County, Tex., and 
 read law in the private law olliee of Col. X. P. 
 Garrett; admitted to ])ractice in the- courts of that 
 State January 8, 1874, and at once enten'd ujion 
 thediitiesof his profe.«.sii>n: two years later elected 
 county attorney of his idinity, the first under the 
 constitution of 187(i, Ix.ing also e\ odiiio district 
 attorney for his county; during the illness of the 
 regular" ilistrict judge, lie tilled that ollice lus 
 si>ecial judge, in 18S(i; while an alderman of his 
 city, was noininuteil and elected i.Iune 14l to the 
 Kifty-seeond Congre.s.s, a-s a Democnit, to till the 
 
 unexpin'd term of lion. Roger t^. Mills, chosen 
 I'nited States Senator from that Slate, in I.S!(2; 
 i|Uali(ied and took his si'at in the Mouse on .July 
 28, 1,S(I2: returned to Camenin, Tex., after the 
 exi)iration of his term in Congress and resinned 
 the jiractice of his profession. 
 
 Appleton, John, was born rebruarvll, 181.^, at 
 Rcvcrly. .Mass.; grailuat<'d from liowiloin Collefje 
 in l.s:>l; studii'd law; admitteil to the barand In-gan 
 pnu-tiiiug at Portland, Me., in l.s:>7: engaged in 
 editorial woik on the Portland .\rgus; chief clerk 
 of the Navy Department, also of the Department 
 of State; minister to Bolivia from March :io, 1848, 
 to May 4, 1.849; elected a Representativi' from 
 Maine to the Thirty-secouil Congress jus a Demo- 
 crat, receiving .i,tl4:? votes against .5,90.'5 votes for 
 Ke.ssenden, Whig and Free .Soil; <leclineil to serve 
 as secretary of the legation at lAiiidon in 18.53; 
 secretary of legation at London from February 19, 
 18.V). to November 1(), 1.8.5.5, serving in < )ctober as 
 ehargi' d'affaires; .\ssistant Secretary of State from 
 -Vpril 4, 1.8.57, to, June 8, 1860; minister to Russia 
 from .June, 1.8ii0, to,Inne7, ISIU; died at Portland, 
 Me., .\ngust 22, l.siU. 
 
 Appleton, Nathan, wa.s bornOctober6, 1779, at 
 New Ipswich, X. II.; received an academic e<lu- 
 cation; entered Dartmouth College, but a short 
 times afterwards left to accept a position as <'lerk 
 in his brother's store at Bost<m; oueof the found- 
 ers of the cotton-mill industry at Waltham, Mat*i.; 
 also one of the founders of I.,owell in 1821; .serye<i 
 several years as a member of the legislature; 
 elected a Representative from .Ma.s,sachu.setts to 
 the Twenty-second Congress asa high-tariff Whig, 
 defeating lleiiryLee; also elocteil to the Twenty- 
 seventh Congress ill place of Rotn'rt C. Wiuthrop, 
 resigned; resigne<l October 4, 1842; dieilat Boston, 
 Mas.s., July 14, 1.S61. 
 
 Appleton. William (brother of .Nathan), was 
 born Novemlu'r lH. 1781!, at Hrooktield. Mass.; re- 
 ceived a liberal education; moved to Boston and 
 engaged in menanlileand manufai'turing jxirsuits 
 in 1.807; elected a He|>resentative from Ma.s.sachu- 
 setts to the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, 
 anil reelected to the Thirty-third Congress; also 
 elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress a.s a Whijr 
 anrl .served through the extra session, when here- 
 signed, August (>. ISCil; dii'd near Boston, MiU«s., 
 February 1.5, 18il2. 
 
 Apsley. Lewis Dewart, of Hudson. Miuis., 
 was born at Northumberland, Pa.. Septeml>er 29, 
 1852; at the age of 15 move<l to Philadel|)hia ami 
 imnuMliately engaged in active business imi-suits, 
 early identifying himself with the rubl)er-good8 
 trade; uioveil to Ma.ssichusetts in 1877. anil es- 
 tablisheil himself in 1S8.5 as a manufacturer of rub- 
 ber clothing in llud.son; is presidentaiiil treasurer 
 of the .\]>sley Rubber (^)mpany, president of the 
 Hudson Board of Trade, and a din'cfor in the 
 Hudson National Bank; has never held political 
 ollii'e; eli'cteil to the Fifty-third Congrt-ss as a Re- 
 publican, and reelected to the Fifty-fourth Con- 
 gress; declined a reuomination. 
 
 Archer, John ( father of Stevenson An-herand 
 grandfather of Stevenson .Vrcher), wa.s l)orn .Tune 
 (i, 1741, in Harford County, Md.; received a lil)- 
 eral education and graihiati'il fmm Princeton Col- 
 lege in 17110; studied medicine, and received from 
 the Philailelphia College the first medical diploma 
 issue<l on the .\iuerican lontinent in 17(>8; raised 
 a military company duringtlii- Revoluti<in; siTve<l 
 several years in the general a.ssembly of Maryland; 
 Presidential elei'tor in l.HOl; electe<i a Kepiesenta- 
 
BIOGKAPHIES. 
 
 365 
 
 tive from Maryland to the Seventh Congress, and 
 reelected to the Eighth and Ninth Congresses; 
 died in Harford County, Md., in 1810. 
 
 Archer, Stevenson (son of John Archer and 
 father of Stevenson Archer), was a native of Har- 
 ford County, Md.; graduated from Princeton Col- 
 lege in 1805; studied law and admitted to the bar; 
 judge of the Maryland court of appeals; elected a 
 Representative from Maryland to the Twelfth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat, and reelected to the Thirteenth 
 and Fourteenth Congresses; appointed a United 
 States judge for the Territory of Mississippi; also 
 elected to the Sixteenth Congress; die<l at his 
 home in 1848. 
 
 Archer, Stevenson (son of Stevenson Archer, 
 andgramlson of John Archer), was born February 
 28, 1827, in Harford County, Md.; received a lib- 
 eral education and graduated from Princeton Col- 
 lege; studied law and admitted to the bar; mem- 
 ber of the Maryland legislature in 1854; elected a 
 Representative from Maryland to the Fortieth 
 Congre.«s as a Democrat; and reelected to the 
 Forty-first, Forty-second, and Forty-third Con- 
 gresses. 
 
 Archer, William B., claimed to have been 
 elected a Representative from Illinois to tlie 
 Thirty-fourth Congress as a W.hig, receiving 8,451 
 votes against 8.452 votes for James A. Allen, Demo- 
 crat, but the official canvass gave Allen the seat by 
 1 majority; tlie House decided that .Mr. .\Ilen was 
 not entitled to the seat and rejected a resolution 
 declaring JNIr. Archer elected; yeas 89, nays 91; 
 on a second trial Mr. Allen was elected. 
 
 Archer, William S., was born March 5, 1789, 
 in Amelia County, ^'a. ; graduated from the College 
 of William and jlary; .studied law and practiced; 
 elected to the State house of delegates in 1812, and 
 annually reelected until 1819 with the exception 
 of one year; elected a Representative from Vir- 
 ginia to the Sixteenth Congress (in place of James 
 Pleasants, resigneil), and reelci'ted without oppo- 
 sition to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, 
 Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and 
 Twenty-third Congresses; elected to the tjnited 
 States Senate as a Whig, and served from May 31, 
 1841, to ilarch 3, 1847; died March 28, 1855. 
 
 Armiield, Robert Franklin, of Statesville, 
 N. C, was bfirn in Guilford County, N. ('., July 
 9, 1829; educated at Trinity College, North Caro- 
 lina; lawyer bv profession; county attorney 1 855- 
 1861, andState'solicitor for the Sixth district 1863- 
 1865; lieutenant-colonel of the Thirty-eighth Regi- 
 ment of North Carolina State troops during the 
 war between the States; president of the State 
 senate of North Carolina, and lieutenant-governor 
 in 1875-76; elected to the Forty-sixth Congress as 
 a Democrat, and reelected to the Forty-seventh 
 Congress; apjiointed judge of the supreme court 
 in 1889; reelected judge of the supreme court in 
 1890, serving until January 1, 1895, when he re- 
 tired; died November 9. 1898. 
 
 Armstrong, David H., resided in St. Louis, 
 Mo., w'here he held a number of city offices; ap- 
 pointed United States Senator from Missouri as a 
 Democi'at ( to fill a vacancy caused by the death of 
 Lewis V. Bogy), serving from October 15, 1877, to 
 March 3, 1879; died March 18, 1893. 
 
 Armstrong', James (son of John Armstrong 
 and brother of John Arm.strong), was a native of 
 Carlisle, Pa. ; .■served in the Revolutionary war; 
 elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Third Congress; died at Carlisle, Pa. 
 
 Armstrong, John ( father of James and John 
 Armstrong), was born in Ireland in 1735; emi- 
 grated to America and settled at Carlisle, Pa.; 
 colonel of military arranges, and commissioned 
 brigadier-general in the Continental Army, 1776, 
 but resigned April 4, 1777; Delegate from Penn- 
 sylvania to the Continental Congress, 1778-1780 
 and 1787-88; died March 9, 1795, at Carlisle, Pa. 
 
 Armstrong, John (son of John and brother of 
 
 James Armstrong), was born November 25, 1755, 
 at Carlisle, Pa.; entered Princeton College, but 
 left to enter the Revolutionary Army; served on 
 the staffs of Generals Mercer and Gates; elected 
 one of the judges of the Western Territory Octo- 
 ber 16, 1787, but declined; moved to New York 
 and elected a United States Senator from that 
 State in the place of John Lawrence, resigned, 
 and took his seat January 8, 1801, but resigned in 
 1802; appointed to the United States Senate in 
 the place of De Witt Clinton, resigned, serving 
 from Deceniber 7, 1803, until Feliruary 25, 1804, 
 when he took his seat as elected to succeed Theo- 
 dorous Bailey, resigned, and resigned June 30, 
 1804; minister to France June 30, 1804, to Septem- 
 ber 14, 1810; on returning home was appointed 
 brigadier-general July 6, 1812; Secretary of War 
 from January 19, 1813, to September 26, 1814; 
 died at Red Hook, N. Y., April 1, 1843. 
 
 Armstrong, Moses K. , was born September 19, 
 1832, at Milan, Ohio; received a classical education 
 at Huron Institute and Western Reserve College, 
 Ohio; moved to Minnesota Territory in 1856; 
 elected surveyor of Mower County and assigned 
 to survey of the United States lands in 1858; 
 moved to Yankton, then a small Indian village, 
 when JNIinnesota was admitted as a State; served 
 as a member of the first Territorial legislature of 
 Dakota, and reelected in 1862 and 1863, serving 
 the last year as speaker; edited the Dakota Union 
 in 1864; appointed clerk of the supreme court in 
 1865; elected to the Territorial council in 1866, 
 and in 1867 chosen speaker; acte<l as secretary of 
 the Indian Peace Commission in 1867; from 1866 
 to 1869, inclusive, establi-hed the great meridian 
 and standard lines for I'nited States surveys in 
 southern Dakota and northern Red River Valley, 
 and found that the international boundary line 
 near Pembina since 1823 was wrong; again elected 
 to the Territorial council in 1869; elected to the 
 Forty-second Congress as a Democrat, and reelected 
 to the Forty-third Congress. 
 
 Armstrong, William, was born December 23, 
 1782, at Lisburn, .\ntrim County, Ireland; emi- 
 grated to .-Vmerica in 1792, settling in Virginia; 
 studied law while clerking in a store at Winchester; 
 United States tax collector in 1818-19; member of 
 the State house of delegates 1822-23; Presidential 
 elector in 1820 and in 1824; elected a Representative 
 from \'irginia to the Nineteenth Congress as a 
 Whig, and reelected to the Twentieth, Twent)'- 
 lirst, and Twenty-second Congresses. 
 
 Armstrong, William H. , was born Septendjer 
 7, 1824, at WiUiamsport, Pa.; received a clas.sical 
 education, and in 1847 graduated from Princeton 
 College ; studied law and ad mi t tei 1 to the bar ; served 
 in the State legislature in 1860 and 1861; declined 
 a commission as ])resident judge of the twenty- 
 sixth judicial circuit of Pennsylvania in 1862; 
 elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to 
 the Forty-first Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Arnell, Samuel M. , was born May 3, 1833, in 
 Maury County, Tcnn.; received his educational 
 Amherst and Easthampton, Mass. ; member of the 
 
366 
 
 C()NUREsiSIU>AL UIKKCTOKY. 
 
 constitutional convontion of Tenn('(<s('c in IStio; 
 wtvimI ill till' Stall' lioiisc of rciircfciitativi'S in 
 lSi>5aii(l Istiii; fliMlcil totlii' 'riiiity-riiiitli('ont;ri',us, 
 Init iliil not lake liis scat until tlu- Hcconil session, 
 ami ri-t'lcitoil to tlio Kortii'th t 'on^Ti'ss as a Kepuli- 
 lii'an; recli'cteil to the Kortv-lirsI Cimgress as an 
 Imli'iH-ndcnt Koimbliran. 
 
 Arnold, Benedict, was ii native of Xew York, 
 ami serveil in the Stale assenibly <>i New York in 
 lSlli-17; oleeledu liepresentativi' fruni New York 
 to the Twenty-tirsI t'onjrress. 
 
 Arnold, Isaac N., was born November 30, 
 ISl'i, at llanlwiike, N. Y.; received a eonnhon 
 school education; while teaching; school studied 
 law, and in IS.Sii admitted to the bar at Chicago, 
 111., where he lie;;an |)ractiiinfi; member of the 
 State house of re])R'sentatives in 1,'^4S: elected a 
 Representative from Illinois to the Thirty-seventh 
 Congress as a Kepublican, and reelected to the 
 Thirty-eighth ('on}.'iess; Sixth Auilitor of the 
 I"nited States Treasury from April L'it, lS(i5, to 
 Septemlier 2C., ISliti: died at t'hica),'o. 111., April 
 24, 18H4. 
 
 Arnold, Jonathan, was born December 14, 
 1741. at I'rovidence. 1\. I.: studied medicine and 
 ])nicticed; member of the };eneral a.ssend)ly of 
 Kho<le Island from Providence in ITTti; served in 
 the Hevolntionary Army as sur<;eon; director of 
 the army hospital at Providence; delegate from 
 Hhode Island to the t'ontinental Congress in 17M2 
 and 17S,'{; moved to St. .lohnsbury, Vt.. ami died 
 there February 2, 1798. 
 
 Arnold, Lemuel H., was born .lanuaiy 20, 
 17!*2, at St. Jnhnsbury, Vt.; moved with his 
 j)arents to Hluxle Island while quite young; re- 
 ceived a liberal education, and in ISIl graduated 
 from Dartmouth College; studied law a short time, 
 but abandoned it to engage in menanlile |iur- 
 snits; electe<l governor of Kliodc Island in 18.S1, 
 and reelected in is:!2; member of the executive 
 council during the Dorr rebellion in 1S42; elected 
 a Representative from Hhode Island to the 
 Twenty-ninth Congress; died June 27, 18.12, at 
 Kingston, li. I. 
 
 Arnold, Marshall, of Benton, Mo., was born 
 in St. Francois Coimty, Mo., October 21, 184.5; 
 educated in the common schools; professor in 
 Arcadia College in 1870 and 1871; ileputy clerk of 
 the lircuit, county, and jirobate courts in St. Fran- 
 cois County, Mo.; prosecuting attorney of Scfitt 
 County, Mo.; served two terms in the legislature 
 of Mi.ssouri; Presidential elector on the Hancock 
 ticket; eleilcd as a Democrat to the Fiftv-.sei-ond 
 Congress, and reelected to the Fifty-third Con- 
 gress; resumed the ))raclice of law at Bentim, Mo. 
 
 Arnold, Peleg, was born in 17o2 at Smithfield, 
 R. I.; received an a<ademic education; studied 
 law and admitted to the bar; serveil for several 
 years in thegeneral a.s.sembly of the State; Delegate 
 from Hhoile Island in the Continental Congress in 
 1787; chief justice of the supreme court of Rhoile 
 Island; died at Smithtield, R. I., February i:!, 1820. 
 
 Arnold, Samuel, was Kirn June 1, 180t), at 
 lladdam. Conn.; received a cla.«sical education; 
 became interested in a large stone cpiarry, which 
 he carried on successfully; inember of the Stjite 
 liou."!' of representatives in ISIlit, 1.842, 1844, and 
 18.il eliited a Representative from Connecticut to 
 the Thirty-liftli Congrc'S as a Democrat. 
 
 Arnold, Samuel Green, waa lH>rn .\pril 12, 
 1821, at Providence, R. I.; n>ceive<I a liberal edu- 
 cation, gradual ing from Hrowii I'niversify in 1841; 
 
 attended the Cambridge Ijiw S^Oiool, and in I84"i 
 adniitted to the bar; traveled extensively abroad, 
 and visited South .\merica; elected lieutenant- 
 governor of Rhode Island in 18."i2; member of the 
 Peace Commission in 18G1; again elei-ted lieu- 
 tenant-governor in 18(>1 and ]8()2; serveil in the 
 ITnion .\riiiy as captain of light artillery: elected 
 rnited States Senator from Rhode Island in 1.8»i2 
 in the jilace of .lames F. Simmons, resigned, and 
 served troin December 1, 18(i2, to March .i, bsii,'}; 
 publislied a history of Rlmde Island in seven vol- 
 umes, and contributed largely to niaga;!iiie8. 
 
 Arnold, Thomas D., was a native of Teiyi«<^ Vcii 
 see; defi'ated as candidate for the Twentieth and 
 Twenty-lirst Congre.s.ses, but elected a representa- 
 tive to the Twenty-second Congress as a Whig; 
 elected without opjiositiou to the Twenty-seventh w 
 Congress; died Mav26, 1870, at Campbell Station, ' 
 Teiin. 
 
 Arnold, Warren O. , of (iloucester, H. I., was 
 born at Coventry, K. 1., .Iiine 3, 1839; received his 
 eilucation in the public schools of his native State; 
 engaged in mercantile pursuits, 18.57-18(54; from 
 the latter date to 18(il> was engaged in cotton 
 manufacturing; engaged in the manufacture of 
 woolens; electeil alternate deleg-ate to the national 
 Reimlilican conveiitjon of 1884; elected to the 
 Fiftietliand Fifty-lirst Congresses as a Republican; 
 again elected to the Fifty-fonrth( 'ongress; defeated 
 for the Fifty-second (Vmgre.ss. 
 
 Arnold, William Carlile. of Dii Bois, Pa., was 
 born at l.uthcrsburg. Clearlicld County, Pa., July 
 1.5, l.s.'il; educateil in Pennsylvania and Ma.ssa- 
 chu.setts; admitted to the bar in 187.5 and haa 
 practiced law continuously since his adnii.s.si(in; 
 had never held any public otiice before his elec- 
 tion to the I'ifty-foiirth Congress a.s a Republican; 
 reelected to the Fifty-lifth Congress. 
 
 Arnot, John, jr., of F.lmira. N. Y., was born at 
 Klmira, N. Y., March 11, 1831; educated at a pri- 
 vate school: engaged in the banking business at 
 Elmira; elected president of the village 18.59, 1860, 
 and 18til, and mayor in 18(>4, 1870, and 1874; 
 elected to the Forty-eighth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat and reelected to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth 
 Congresses; died November 20, 1,880. 
 
 Arring'ton, Archibald H. , was a native of 
 North Carolina: elected a Repn»sentative from 
 North Carolina to the Twenty-seventh and Twenty- 
 eighth Congresses; was a supporter of the Confed- 
 eracy and elected to the first Confederate congress. 
 
 Arthur, William E., was born March 3, 182.5, 
 at Cincinnati. Ohio; moved to Covington, Ky.. 
 with his parents while i|uite a young child, where 
 he was ediicatid; studied law, and in 18.50 ad- 
 mitted to the bar; pnicticed at Covington; Com- 
 monwealth attornev for the ninth judicial dis- 
 trict of Kentucky 1 S,5(>- 1 S(i2 : elected judge of the 
 ninth, afterwards the twelfth, judicial circuit in 
 1,860 for a full term of six years, but resigned in 
 two years; electinl a Repre.sentative from Ken- 
 tucky to the Forty-seconil Congre-ss as a Demoi^rat 
 and reelected fo the Forty-third Congress; re- 
 sumed the practice of law at Covington, Ky., after 
 the expiration of his service in Congre.ss. 
 
 Ash, Michael W., a native of IVnnsylviuiia. 
 was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to 
 the Twenty-fourth Congn-ss. 
 
 Ashe, John B., was a nativeof North Carolina; 
 received a public school edncalion; studied law 
 and admitted to the bar; n-moveil to Tennessee 
 and begjin ])ract icing ther»>: elected a Representa- 
 
 >«» St/_ 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 367 
 
 tive from Tennessee tci the Twenty-eighth Con- 
 gress; removed to Harris County, Tex., where lie 
 died in January, 1858. 
 
 Ashe, John Baptiste, was Iwrn in 1748 at 
 Halifax, N. C. ; served through the Revolutionary 
 war, attaining the rank of colonel; member of the 
 liouse of commons of North Carolina in 1786 and 
 of the State senate in 1789 and 17115; Delegate to 
 the Continental Congress in 1787 and 1788; elected 
 a Representative from North Carolina to the Second 
 Congress; in 1801 elected governor of North Caro- 
 lina but died, before his inauguration, at Halifax, 
 N. C, November 27, 1802. 
 
 Ashe, Thomas Samuel, was a native of Orange 
 County, N. C. ; in 1832 graduated atthe I'uiversity 
 of North Carolina; studied law and admitted to 
 the bar; member of the house of commons of the 
 State legislature from An.=on County in 1842; in 
 1847 the legislature elected him solicitor of the 
 fifth judicial district of North Carolina, which 
 positicm he held for four years; in 1S54 elected 
 to the State senate; served in the House and 
 Senate of the Confederate Congress 18(51-1864; 
 defeated for governor of North Carolina; elected 
 a Reiiresentative from North Carolina to the Forty- 
 third Congress as a Conservative and reelected to 
 the Forty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Ashe, William S., was born at Wilmington, 
 N. L'.; recciveil a liberal education; studied law 
 and admitted to the bar; in 1846 and 1848 served 
 in the State legislature of North Carolina; elected 
 a Representative to the Thirty-first Congress as a 
 Democrat and reelected to the Thirty-second Con- 
 gress without opposition. 
 
 Ashley, Chester, was born .June 1, 1790, at 
 Westfield, Slass.; moved \\hile quite young to 
 Hudson, N. Y., and given a lilieral education; 
 studied law, admitted to the liar; in 1817 moved 
 to Illinois, where he began practicing, ami in 1819 
 moved to Little Rock, Ark. ; in 1844 elected a 
 United States Senator from Arkansas as a Demo- 
 crat to succeed William S. FuUon, Democrat, de- 
 ceased, and in 1846 reelected for full term; died at 
 Washington, D. C, April 29, 1848. 
 
 Ashley, Deles R. , was born February 19, 1828, [ 
 at the Post Arkansas; received a liberal education; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar; in 1849 re- 
 moved to California; member of the assembly of 
 California in 1854 and 1855 and of the State senate 
 in 1856 and 1857; State treasurer of California in ' 
 1862 and 1863; in 1864 moved to Nevada; elected 
 a Representative from Nevada to the Thirty-ninth ( 
 and Fortieth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Ashley, Henry, was a native of Cheshire 
 
 County, N. II.; received a common school educa- 
 tion; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Nineteenth Congress. 
 
 Ashley, James M., was born November 14, 
 1824, near Pittsburg, Pa.; self-educated; studied 
 law but never practiced; engaged in boat liuilding 
 and later in the drug business in Toledo; elected 
 a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-sixth 
 Congress as a Republican and reelei'ted to the 
 Thirty-seventh, Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and 
 Fortieth Congresses as a Republican; governor of 
 Montana Territory in 1869 and 1870; defeated as 
 the Republican candidate for the Forty-first Con- 
 gress; died at Alma, Mich., Septendier 16, 1896. 
 
 Ashley, William H. , was bom in 1778 in Pow- 
 hatan Comity, Va. ; received a common school 
 education, and in 1808 moved to ^lissouri (then 
 upper Louisiana); traded with the Indians and 
 
 dealt in furs; in 1820 was lieutenant-governor of 
 Illinois; elected a Representative from Missouri to 
 the Twenty-second Congress as a Whig and re- 
 elected to "the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth 
 Congresses; died near Booiiville, ]\Io., March 26, 
 18.38; 
 
 Ashmore, John D., was born August 7, 1819, 
 in Greenville district, S. C. ; attended public, 
 schools; clerked in a store; studied law and ad- 
 mitted to the bar, but never practiced ; member 
 of the State house of representatives in 1848, 1850, 
 and 1852; controller-general of the State 1853-1857; 
 elected a Representative from South Carolina to 
 the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, but 
 withdrew when his State seceded, December 21, 
 1860; served in the Confederate arniv; died at 
 Sardis, ili.^s., December 6, 1871. 
 
 Ashmun, Eli Porter, was born June 24, 1770, 
 at Blandford, i\lass. : received a liberal education, 
 and in 1807 graduated from ^liddleburg C'ollege; 
 studied law and began practicing at Blandford; 
 served as a member of the State legislature for 
 several terms in lioth l)ranches; elected a United 
 States Senator from ^Massachusetts to succeed Cris- 
 topher Gore, and served from December 2, 1816, 
 to May, 1818, when he resigned; died May 10, 
 1819, at Northampton, Mass. 
 
 Ashmiin, Georgre, was born December 25, 1804, 
 at Blandford, Mass. ; received a liberal education, 
 and in 1823 graduated from Yale College; studied 
 law, and began practicing at Springfield in 1828; 
 member of the State house of representatives in 
 1833, 1835, 1836, 1838, and 1841, serving the last 
 year as speaker; elected a Representative from 
 Massachusetts to the Twenty-ninth Congress as a 
 AVhig, and reelected to the Thirtieth and Thirty- 
 first Congresses; director in the Union Pacific Rail- 
 road after leaving Congress; died July 16, 1870, at 
 Springfield, Jlass. 
 
 Asper, Joel F., was born April 20, 1822, in 
 Adams County, Pa. ; in 1827 removed with his 
 father to Ohio, where he attended public schools 
 during the winter and worked on the farm during 
 his vacations; studied law, and in 1844 admitted 
 to the bar; in 1846 electecl a justice of the peace, 
 and in 1847 elected prosecuting attorney for his 
 county; editor of the Western Reserve Chronicle 
 in 1849 and of the Chardon Democrat in 1850; 
 raised a company- in 1861, and wounded at the 
 liattle of Winchester; ]iromoted to the rank of 
 lieuteuant-colonel in 1862, and in 1863 mustered 
 out of the service on account of wounds received 
 in action; in 1864 removed to Missouri, where he 
 resumed the practice of law with success, and in 
 1866 founded the Spectator; elected a Representa- 
 tive from IVIissouri to the Forty-first Congress as a 
 Radical Repulilican. 
 
 Atchison, David R. , was born August 11, 
 1807, at Frogtown, Ky.; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; studied law, and began practicing in Mis- 
 souri in 1830; member of theMissouri legislature in 
 1834 and 1838; in 1841 appointed judge of the Platte 
 County circuit court; appointed a United States 
 Senator from Missouri to succeed Lewis F. Linn, 
 deceased; subsequently elected by the legislature 
 and reelected, serving from December 4, 1843, to 
 March 3, 1855; served at the head of important 
 committees, and for several sessions was President 
 pro tempore of the Senate; this office made him 
 President of the United States during Sunday, 
 March 4, 1849, as General Taylor was not sworn 
 into office until the following day; latter years of 
 his life devoted to agricultural imrsuits; died in 
 Clinton County, Mo., January 26, 1886. 
 
368 
 
 CdNliKKSSIONAL UIKKCTOKV. 
 
 Atherton, Charles Gordon, was Ixirn July 4, 
 IMH, at Aiiihcn't, N. II.: n'criM'ihi(la.-^.-^ii'al I'duca- 
 tioii.ancl ill IS'.'l' ^laihialiMl from Harvard C'nllc^c; 
 in ISL'.'iailinillcil tntlic liaral'ter haviii;,'stiiilitMl law 
 uiuUTlii.slatlii'r, and hcjian practicing at Uuiistalile 
 (now Na.<luui) ; served a nnniluT of ycaiv in the 
 State house of representatives', and tliree years 
 as si)eaker; elected a Representative from New 
 Hampshire to the Twenty-lifth, Twenty-sixth, and 
 Twenty-seventh ('iins;resses a.s a Democrat, and in 
 1S43 elect e<i to the riiitiMl .'^tates Senate, serving 
 until March:!, IS-HI; in lSo2 apiin elected to the 
 United States Senate, and .served until stricken 
 with paralysis while attending court; died Novem- 
 ber 15, 1853, at Manchester, N. 11. 
 
 Atherton. Charles Humphry (father of 
 Charles (i.irdnn Atherton I. was hum AiiLrust 1-1, 
 177.1, at .\ndierst. N. 11.; graduated from Harvard 
 College in 17V»4; studied law and in 1797 began prac- 
 ticing at .\mherst; elected a Representative from 
 New Hampshire to the Fourteenth Congress as a 
 Federalist; declined a reelection; elected to the 
 State house of rejire.-entative.s 1823-1839; died .Jan- 
 uary 8, 1853, at .\ndierst, N. H. 
 
 Atherton, Gibson, of Newark, Ohio, was born 
 in Licking County, Ohici, January 19, 1,S31; re- 
 ceived acollegiateei I ucat ion, havinggradiiatedfrom 
 Miami Univei'sity in lS."i3; studied law at Newark, 
 Ohio; admitted to the bar in 18.55, and ha.s prac- 
 ticed law at Newark ever since; elected prosecut- 
 ing attorney of Licking County, Ohio, in 1857 and 
 reelected in" 1859 and iMil : mayor of Ni^wark, Ohio, 
 18t)0-lSti4; delegate from the Thirteenth Congres- 
 sional district of Ohio to the St. Louis convention 
 in 187(1; elected to the Forty-si.\th Congress as a 
 Democrat; and reelected to the Forty-seventh 
 Congress. 
 
 Atkins, John D. C, of Paris, Tenn., was born 
 in llerny County, Tenn., June 4, 1825; received a 
 good early education, and graduatcil from the 
 East Tennessee Cniversity in 1S4(); stuilied law; 
 is a farmer; elected a member of the Tennes.see 
 house of repre.'^entatives in l,S49and inl85I; elected 
 to the State .senate of Tennessee in 1S.Vt; chosen 
 a Presidential elector in IS.ili; ilected a member 
 of the House of Rejirc-ientatives in the Congress 
 of the Cnited States in 1857; on the Hreckinridge 
 electoral ticket in 18(i(); lieutenant-colonel of the 
 Fifth Tennessee Regiment in the Confederate 
 Army in 1861; elected to the Confederate Provi- 
 sional Congress in .\ugust, l.Stil; reelecteil in 
 November, l.Htil, and again elected in November, 
 1863; eleited to the Forty-third Congress as a 
 Democrat, and reelected to the Forty-fourth. 
 Forty-lifth. Forty-sixth, and Forty-i-eventh Con- 
 gresses. 
 
 Atkinson, Archibald, was born September 13, 
 1792. in l^le of Wight County, Va. ; received a 
 cl.i.-isical cduialion; studied law at thi' law school 
 of William and Mary College; served through the 
 war of lsI2; began the practice of law at Smith- 
 tield; member for several years of the State.-emite 
 and hous4' of delegates; elected a Ri'pre.sentative 
 from Virginia to the Twenty-eighth Ccingre.''s as a 
 Demoirat, and reelected to the Twi'nly-ninth ami 
 Thirtieth Cungresses; after leaving ( 'origress served 
 as )ircisecuting attnrney for Isle <if Wiirht County; 
 died January 16, 1872," at Smithlield, \"a. 
 
 Atkinson, George W., of Wheeling, W. Va., 
 was Ixirn at Charleston, Kanawha County, Va., 
 .June 29, 1H46; eilucated by private tutor and in 
 the public s<-hools, and at the Ohio Wesleyan 
 University, from which in.stitution he gra<luate<I 
 
 H. A. in the ela-s of 1870; took a post-graduate 
 course at Mount I'nion College, Ohio, and received 
 the degree of Ph. D., pro inerito; studied law, and 
 admitteil to the bar in 1S75; removeil to Wheeling 
 in 1877; served four years as I'nited States mar- 
 shal for the district of West Virginia; postmaster 
 of Charleston, his native city, si.\ years; served 
 four years as a revenue agent of the Trea.-'ury 
 De|)artment; elected to the I'ifty-tii'st Congress as 
 a Republican; served iu* governor of West Virginia 
 one term. 
 
 Atkinson, Louis E., of Mittlintdwn, I'a., was 
 born in Delaware Township. .luniata County, I'a., 
 April 16, 1,S41; eilucatc(l in the c<innnon schools, 
 and at Airy ^'iew and Milnwond .Academies; 
 studied medicine, and graduated from the medical 
 <leparlment of the I'niversily of the city of New 
 York March 4, 1861; entered the Medical Depart- 
 ment, C S. .\rniy, Septejnber 5, 1861; served as 
 a.^sistant surgeon of the First Pennsylvania Reserve 
 Cavalry and surgeon of the One hundred and 
 eighty-eighth I'ennsylvania Infantry, and was 
 nnistercd i>ut in I)ec<'mbcr, 1S65; disabled while 
 in the .\rmv. and being ui able to practice medi- 
 cine studieil law; admitted to the b r in Septem- 
 ber, 1870, and has practiced law since that time: 
 elected to the Forty-eighth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican, and reelected to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, 
 Fifty-tirst, and Fifty-second Congresses. 
 
 Atlee, Samuel John, was born in 1738; serve<l 
 in the French and Revolutionary wars; made, a 
 prisoner by the British at l>ong Island; Delegate 
 from Pennsvlvania in the Continental Congress 
 1778-1782; died November 7, 1786, at Philadelphia, 
 Pa. 
 
 Atwater, John William, of Rialto, N. C.. was 
 born in Chathaiu County. N. C, December 27, 
 1H40; received a common school and academic 
 education; brought up on a farm and has con- 
 tinued that occupation until the jircseiit; joined 
 the Confederate army. Comiiany D, First North 
 Carolina Volunteers, and was with the army of 
 Gen. R. K. Lee until the end: joiiieil the Farmers' 
 Alliance in 1SX7; elected the lii-st ]>resident of his 
 county alliance: elected State .-enatur in 18t>0as 
 an Alliance- Democrat, and again in 1892 and 1896 
 as a Populist; elected a Repre.st>ntative from 
 North Carolina as a Populist in the Fifty-sixth 
 Congre.>;s. 
 
 Atwood, David, was born DecenilxT 1.5, 1815, 
 at IJedford. N. H.; received a jiublic school i.<luca- 
 tion; printing apprentice at Hamilton. N. Y., in 
 I.S32: nioved to Wisconsin, ami fi r twenty-thrt-e 
 years was editor and puhlisher of the Stall- Jour- 
 nal. Madison, Wis.; member of the State legislature 
 
 j in 1S61: I'nited States a.s.sessor for four years, and 
 mayor of Madison in 186S: eleited a Ueprfc^eiitative 
 from Wisconsin to the Forty-tirsI Congress as a 
 
 I Republican, to succeed K. F. Hopkins, deeea.'«eii; 
 
 ! died DecenilHT 11, 18.S9. 
 
 Atwood, Harrison Henry, of Huston, Ma.ss., 
 I was born al North Londonderry, Vt., -\ugust 26, 
 i 1.S63; attended the public schools, graduating in 
 1.S77; studied architti-ture and began practice in 
 j I.SS6; elected to the Miu«.«achiisetls hou.ie of ri'pre- 
 ' .-entatives, rei>resentiug the eighth Suffolk district, 
 for the years 1887, I8,S8, and 18.S9. and serviil on 
 1 the committees on Statehouse extension, liijiior 
 I law, mercantile affairs, and cities: appointed city 
 architect of Boston during the terms 1SS9 and I.SIK); 
 served two years as a meinlHT of the State Re- 
 publican committee, 18S7 and 1.HS8, and has for 
 many years been a memter of the Boston Kepub- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 369 
 
 lican city committee; elected twice as delegate to 
 Kepublican national conventions, 1888 and 1892; 
 elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican. 
 
 Austin, Archibald, was born August 11, 1772, 
 in Buckingham C'cjunty, Va.; received a liberal 
 education; studied law and admitted to the bar 
 and practiced in his native county successfully for 
 over forty years; elected Representative from Vir- 
 ginia to the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat, l>ut 
 was defeated for reelection; for several years a 
 member of the State legislature; died October 16, 
 1837. 
 
 Averett, Thomas H., was a native of Vir- 
 ginia; elected a Representative from Virginia to 
 the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, and 
 reelected to the Thirty-second Congress. 
 
 Averill, John T., was born March 1, 1825, at 
 Alna, Me.; received an academic education, grad- 
 uating at the Maine AVesleyan Cniversity; moved 
 to St. Paul, Minn.; engaged in manufacturing; 
 member of the state senate 1858 and 1859; entered 
 the Union Army as lieutenant-colonel of the Sixth 
 Minnesota Infantry in 1862; nmstered out as briga- 
 dier-general of volunteers in November, 1865; 
 elected to the Forty-second Congress as a Repub- 
 lican, and reelected to the Forty-third Congress. 
 
 Avery, Daniel, was a native of Cayuga County, 
 N. Y.; received a common school education; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Twelfth and Thirteenth Congresses as a Demo- 
 crat; reelei'ted to the Fourteenth Congress to fill 
 a vacancy caused by the resignation of Enos T. 
 Throop; died at Aniora, X. Y. 
 
 Avery, John, of Greenville, Mich., was born 
 at Watertown, X. Y., February 29, 1824; moved ' 
 to Michigan in 1836; educated in the common 
 schools and Grass Lake Academy; read medi- 
 cine, and graduated from Cleveland jNIedical Col- ; 
 lege in 1850; assistant surgeon and surgeon of the 
 Twenty-first ilichigan Infantry; served in the 
 Army of the Cumberland in Kentucky and Ten- 
 nessee, and was with Sherman on his march to the 
 sea; member of the State legislature from ^Mont- 
 calm ('ounty in 1869-70; appointed member of 
 the State board of health in 1880, and reappointed 
 in 1886; elected a Representative from Michigan ! 
 to the Fifty-third Congress, and reelected to i 
 the Fifty-fourth Congress as a Republican; after 
 retiring from Congress engaged in mercantile 
 business. ' 
 
 Avery, William T., was born November 11, ! 
 1819, in Maury County, Tenn. ; by his own exer- 
 tions received an academic education; studied law '■ 
 andadmitted to thebar; member of the State legis- 
 lature in 1843; elected a Representative from 
 Tennessee to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth 
 Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Axtell, Samuel B. , was born October 14, 1819, 
 in Franklin tViunty, Ohio; educated at the West- 
 ern Reserve College, Ohio; studied law and atl- 
 mitted to the bar ; moved to California and began 1 
 practicing at San Francisco; elected to the Fortieth j 
 and Forty-first Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Aycrig-g-, John B. , was a native of New York ; \ 
 moved to Xew Jersey and located at Pyramus; 
 elected a Representative from New Jersey to the 
 Twenty-fifth Congre.ss as a Whig; claimed" to have 
 been elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress, and al- 
 though a certificate of election was given him the 
 House refused him a seat; reelected to the Twenty- 
 seventh Congress as a Whig. 
 
 H. Doc. 458 34 
 
 Ayer, Richard S. , was born October 9, 1829, 
 in Waldo County, ile. ; received a common school 
 education; served in the Union Army, and mus- 
 tered out as a captain, having enlisted as a pri- 
 vate; moved to Virginia in 1S6.5; elected a delegate 
 to the Virginia constitutional convention in 1867; 
 elected a Representative from Virginia to the Forty- 
 first Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Babbitt, Clinton, of Beloit, Wis. , was born at 
 Westmoreland, N. H., November 16, 1831; re- 
 ceiveil a common school education and graduated 
 from Keene Academy, New Hampshire; moved 
 to Wisconsin in 1853; by occupation a farmer and 
 1 ireeder of blooded stock ; for several years secretary 
 of Wisconsin State agricultural society; elected al- 
 derman, and one of the members of the first city 
 council of Beloit; appointed postmaster of Beloit 
 by Grover Cleveland in August, 1886; Democratic 
 candidate for Congress in 1880, and defeated by 
 Hon. C. G. Williams, Republican; elected to the 
 Fifty -second Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Babbitt, Elijah, was born in 1796, at Provi- 
 dence, R. I. ; received an academic education in 
 the States of New York and I'ennsylvania; studied 
 law and admitted to the bar in Erie, Pa., in 
 1824; prosecuting attorney for his county in 1833; 
 member of the State legislature in 1836-37, and a 
 State senator in 1844-45; elected a Representative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-sixth Congress 
 as a Unionist, and reelected to the Thirty-seventh 
 Congress as a Republican; died January 1, 1887. 
 
 Babcock, Alfred, was a native of New York; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Twenty-seventh Congress as a W'hig. 
 
 Babcock, Joseph W., of Necedah, Wis., was 
 born at Swanton, Vt., March 6, 1850; moved with 
 his parents to Iowa in 1855, where he resided until 
 1881, when he moved to Necedah, Wis.; elected to 
 the A\'isconsin assembly in 1888, and reelected in 
 1890; chaiiman national Republican Congres- 
 sional committeefortheyearsl894, 1896, 1898, 1900, 
 and 1902; appointed chairman of the Committee 
 on the District of Columbia in Fifty-fourth, Fifty- 
 fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses 
 and a member of the committees on Ways and 
 Cleans and Census in the Fifth-sixth Congress; 
 elected to the Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, 
 Fifty-sixth, Fifty-.^eventh, and Fifty-eighth Con- 
 gresses as a Republican. 
 
 Babcock, Leander, was a native of New York; 
 elected a Representati\e from New York to the 
 Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Babcock, William, was born in New York; 
 
 elected a Repre-sentative from New York to the 
 Tw'enty-second Congress. 
 
 Bachman, Reuben K., of Durham, Pa., was 
 born at Williams, Northampton County, Pa., 
 August 6, 1834; spent liis early boyhood upon his 
 father's farm; received a common scliool educa- 
 tion; followed the vocation of teaching in his early 
 manhood; entered into the mercantile and milling 
 business at Durham, Bucks county. Pa.; held 
 neither military nor civic office until elected to 
 the Forty-sixth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Bacon, Augustus Octavius, of Macon, Ga., 
 was born in Bryan County, Ga., October 20, 1839; 
 received a high school education in Liberty and 
 Troup counties; graduated at the University of 
 Georgia in the literary and classical dejiartment 
 in 1859, and in the law department in 1860; en- 
 tered the Confederate army at the beginning of 
 the war and served during the campaigns of 1861 
 
370 
 
 rONORKSSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 aiid lSt>2 as adjutant of tlit> Xintli (Joorpia Ri'tji- 
 niont in the Army of NortluTii Viitrinia; Hiibcc- 
 miently tluToto way commissioni'd iuj captain in 
 the provii^ional army of tlie ConfcdcrHte States 
 and assi^rneil to t;eiieral staff duty; at the close of 
 tlie war resumed thestndv of law and hefniii jirae- 
 tico in 'Slit) at >hieon: fre(|iiently a mendier of 
 State Demorratie conventions: president of tlie 
 State Democratic convention in ISKO, and dele- 
 gate from the State at larjre to tlie national Dem- 
 ocratic convention at Chicago in 18S4; elected 
 Presidential elector (Seymour and Hlair) on the 
 Democratic ticket in 1S08; elected to the tieor^ria 
 house of representatives in 1S71, of which body 
 he served as a mendier for fourteen years; in 
 this time, durinj: two yeai^s he was the speaker 
 pro tempore, and (hiring' eitrht years he was 
 the speaker of the Georgia house of represent- 
 atives; several times a candidate for the Demo- 
 cratic nomination for governor of <ieorj;ia. and in 
 the Democratic State convention of 1883 came 
 within one vote of a nomination; elected to the 
 United States Se?iate as a Democrat in Novendjer, 
 1894, and asiain in 1000. 
 
 Bacon, Ezekiel, was born September 1. 1776; 
 receive<l a liberal education and graduated at Yale 
 College in 1794; attended tlie l.itchtield l,aw 
 School and afterwards studied with Nathan Dane 
 at Beverly; admitted to the bar and began prac- 
 ticing at .Stockbridge, Ma.ss. ; member of the .state 
 legislature in l.'^OO and 1807; elected a Uepre- 
 sentative from Massachusetts to the Tenth Con- 
 gre.s*i as a Democrat; reelected to the Eleventh 
 and Twelfth t'ongrc^'ses; chief justice of the court 
 of common [ileas for the western district of Ma.^sa- 
 chusetts; Comptroller of the I'nited States Treas- 
 ury from l'"ebrnary 11, 1SI4. to Kebruary 28, 181.t; 
 removed to New S'ork in 181t>; judge of the court 
 of common pleas; defeated for reelection to the 
 Nineteenth Congress; died October 18, 1870, at 
 rtica, N. Y. 
 
 Bacon, Henry, of (ioshen, N. Y., was bom at 
 Brooklyn, N. Y.. March 14, IS40; received an 
 academic education at the Blount I'lea-^ant .\cad- 
 cmyat Sing Sing and at the Kpiscopal Academy of 
 Cheshire, Conn.; was at I'liion College, Schenec- 
 tady, X. Y., where he graduated in lSt>.'i; studied 
 law and commenced the practice in Deceml)er, 
 1866; elected to the Forty-ninth Congress as a 
 Democrat, to fill the vacancy catL-^ed by death of 
 Lewis Beach, and took his .^eat December li, l.'^.W; 
 reelected to the Kiftielh and rifty-.<econd Con- 
 gresses; resumed the i)ractice of law at (loshen, 
 N. Y., after leaving Congre.ss. 
 
 Bacon, John, was born in 1737 at Canterbury. 
 Conn.; graduated from I'rim-eton College in 17(i.T; 
 studied theology; was settled over the Old South 
 Church, Boston, September 2.'>, 1771, and dismiissed 
 February 8, 177"), owing to differences of opinion 
 with his church; niove<l to Massachusetts and 
 locaU-<l at Stockbridge; served in the .Sate legis- 
 lature; elected aUepre.-'enlativefrom Mas.-wchusetts 
 to the Seventh Congress; died at ."^tock bridge. 
 Mass., October 1'."), I.SL'O. 
 
 Bacon, William Johnson, w as born February 
 18, 180.'i, at Williamslown, Mass.; moved to Ctica. 
 N. Y., in IHI4; after having received a classical 
 education, gni^luated from llamilton College in 
 l.S-'2; studied law with t ieii. .lo.^cph Kirklanil at 
 Ctica, and attended the l.itchlield law school, 
 where he graduateil in 1.824; appointed cor|Hira- 
 tion counsel ot l"tica in 18:!7; member of Ni'W 
 York as.<eMd)ly in ^SiiO; elected justice of the 
 supreme court for eight years in l.S.')Hand reelected 
 
 for another term; electe<l a Ri-presentative from 
 New York to the Forty-tifth Congress its a 
 Hepublican. 
 
 Badger, George Edmond, was born April 13, 
 17!t."), at Newbern, N. C. ; received a liberal i*du- 
 catiou and graduated from Yale College in 1813; 
 studii'il lawand ailniitte<l to the bar; liegan practic- 
 ing at Newberne; memlH-r of the house of com- 
 mons of North Carolina in ISlti; elected judgeof the 
 suiH'rior court in 1.S20. resigiungin 182.'); ajipointt-d 
 Secretary of the .Navy liy President Ilarri.^on, 
 March ft, 1.H41; reappi'iinted by President Tyler, 
 but resigneil September !.'>, 1841; elected a Cnited 
 States Senator in 1846 and reelected in 1849, serv- 
 ing from December 14, 1.S46, to March 3, 18.5.5; 
 member of the State convention of 1861; dieil Mav 
 11, 186.5, at Kaleigh, N. C. 
 
 Badger, Luther, was l)orn April 10, 1785, at 
 Paitridgelicld, Mass.; reinoveii in 1786 with his 
 father to New York; received a liberal etlucation 
 and graduated in 1807 from Hannlton College; 
 studieil law ami practiced with success; eleoteil a 
 Repie.-entative from New York to the Nineteenth 
 (jongrc-'s; resunieil i)ractice in 1S.32; examiner in 
 chancery and commi.-'sioner of Cnited States loans 
 1840-1843; I'nited States attornev for the district 
 of New York 1843-1849. 
 
 Baer, George, jr., a native of Frcflerick, Md.; 
 received a common school education; engage<l 
 in manufacturing; elected a Hepresentative f.om 
 Maryland to the I'illli and Sixlb Congres.-'es; re- 
 elected to the Fourteenth Congress; died at Fred- 
 erick, Md. 
 
 Bagby, Arthur P., was born in Virginia in 
 17114; received a liberal ediuatioii; studied law 
 and admitted to the bar; moved to .\labama in 
 1818, where he began i>racticing; nieudH-riif the 
 State house of representatives in 1820-1822; gov- 
 ernor of Alabama 1,S37-1841; elected a Cnited 
 Stiiti'S Senator from Alabama, to till a vacancy 
 caused by the resignation of C. C. Clay, as a Dem- 
 ocrat, serving from December 27, 1.841. until he 
 resigned, .Iiuie 16, 1848, to accejit the appointment 
 of minister to Russia, which he held until May. 
 1.S49; died .<eptend)er 21. 18.58, at Mobile. .Ma. 
 
 Bagby, John C, was born January 24. 1819, 
 at (ilit-^gow, Ky.; received a public school educa- 
 tion, and graduated as a civil engineer at Bacon 
 College. Ilarrodsbm-g. in ,Iuni\ 1840; studied law, 
 and admitted to tin- bar in March, 184.5, and began 
 practicing at Rushville in .Vpril, 1846; elected a 
 Kepre-sentative from Illinois to the Forty-fourth 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Bagley, George A., was lx)m .Inly 22. 1826, 
 at Watertown, N. Y.; received a liberal e<liication; 
 studied law, and in l.'<47 admitted to the bar and 
 practiced; relin<iuished his law business after six 
 years and engaged in the manufacture of iron; 
 elected a Kepre.ientalive from .New York to the 
 Forty-fourth Congre.-s" as a Rej)ublicau; reelected 
 to the Forty-lifth Congress. 
 
 Bagley. John H., jr., of Cat.«kill. X. Y.. wa.s 
 born at Ilud.-^on, N, Y., November 2t), 1832; re- 
 ceived a common school eilncation; was a mer- 
 chant and engaged in leather manufacture: suiH'r- 
 visor of the town of Catskill 1861-I.H(M; electe.1 to 
 the Fortv-fourthCongrivsasa Democrat: reeliM-ted 
 to the Forty-eighth Congre.<s; visited Colora^lo in 
 1893, where he was interesteii in mining: returne<l 
 to New York one year later and engagtil in insur- 
 ance business; Democratic candidate for Cuugretis 
 in 18<.H>. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 371 
 
 Bailey, Alexander H., was born August 14, 
 1817, at ^liui^^iIlk. X. Y. ; received a liberal educa- 
 tion ; firaduatec 1 f rum Princeton College ; studied law 
 and admitted to the bar; examiner in chancery in 
 Greene County in 1S40-1S42; justice of the peace in 
 the town of CatsKill for four years; served in the 
 general a,ssembly of the State of New York in 1849; 
 county judge of Greene County fur four years from 
 1851; "served in the State senate 1861-1864; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the Fortieth 
 Congress as a Republican to fill a vacancy caused 
 by the resignation of Roscoe Conkliug; reelected 
 to the Forty-firat Congress. 
 
 Bailey, David J., was a native of Georgia; 
 elected a Rejireseutative from Georgia t(.) the 
 Thirty-second Congress as a State Rights Demo- 
 crat, and reelected to the Thirty-third Congress. 
 
 Bailey, Goldsmith F., was born July 1", 1823, 
 at Westmoreland, N. H.; received a public school 
 education; apprentice in a printing establishment 
 and became the assistant printer and editor of a 
 county newspaper; studied law with Torrey & 
 Wood, of Fitchburg, and when admitted to the bar 
 in 1848 became a niemlierof that firm: member of 
 the State house of representatives in 1856 and of the 
 senate in 1858 and 1860; elected a Representative 
 from Jliu-^sachusetts to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
 gress as a Republican; died at Fitchburg, Mass., 
 May 8, 1862. 
 
 Bailey, James E., was born August 15, 1822, 
 in Jlontgomery County, Tenn. ; attended the 
 Clarksville Academy and the University tif Nash- 
 ville; studied law; began practicing at Clarksville 
 in 1843; elected to the State house of representa- 
 tives as a Whig in 1S53; served in the Confederate 
 army; elected to the United States Senate to till a 
 vacancy caused by the death of Andrew Johnson, 
 and took his seat January 29, 1877, and served 
 until March 3, 1881; died at his home in Clarks- 
 ville. Tenn., December 29, 1885. 
 
 Bailey, Jeremiah, was a native of Little Comp- 
 ton, R. I.; graduated from Brown University; 
 studied law and began practicing at Wiscasset, Me. ; 
 member of the State house of representatives of 
 Maine 1811-1814; judge of probate 1814-1835; 
 elected a Representative from Maine to the Twenty- 
 fourth Congress as a Whig, defeating Edward 
 Kavanagh, Democrat; defeated for reelection; col- 
 lector of customs at Wiscasset 1849-1853; died 
 July 7, 1853. 
 
 Bailey, John, was a native of Norfolk County, 
 Mass.; graduated from Brown University in 1807; 
 tutor in Brown University 1808-1814; member of 
 the State legislature 1815-16; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Massachusetts to the P^ighteenth Congress; 
 a contest on the grounds that he was not a resi- 
 dent of the district he represented resulted in his 
 losing his seat; again ele(;ted, receiving 2 more 
 than a nuijority of all votes cast; subsequently 
 elected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty- 
 first Congresses; died at Dorchester, 51 ass., June 
 26, 1835. 
 
 Bailey, John M. , of Albany, N. Y., was liorn at 
 Bethlehem, N. Y., August 24, 1838; graduated from 
 Union College in 1861 ; studied law with Jlessrs. 
 Cagger & Porter at Albany; entered the Army in 
 the fall of 1862 as first lieutenant and was adjutant 
 of the One hundred and .seventy-seventh New 
 York State Volunteers, serving in the Department 
 of the Gulf until discharged by the expiration of 
 his term of service; commenced the practice of 
 law in 1864; assistant district attorney of Albany 
 County in 1865-1867; appointed and served as col- 
 
 lector of internal revenue for four years; elected 
 district attorney of Albany County in 1874 and 
 served for the term of three .years; elected to till 
 a vacancy in Forty-fifth Congress (caused by the 
 death of T. J. Quinn ) ; reelected to the Forty-sixth 
 Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Bailey, Joseph, was born March 18, 1810, on 
 the Brandy wine battle ground, Chester County, 
 Pa.; received a couunon school education; mem- 
 ber of the State house and senate from Chester 
 County 1839-1845, and from Perry County 1850- 
 1854; elected a Representative from Pennsylvania 
 to the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat; re- 
 elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress as a War 
 Democrat. 
 
 Bailey, Joseph Welden, of Gainesville, Tex., 
 was born in Copiah County, i\Iiss., October 6, 1863; 
 admitted to the bar in 1883; served as a district 
 elector on the Cleveland and Hendricks ticket in 
 1884; moved to Texas in 18.85 and located at his 
 present home; served as elertor for the State at 
 large on the Democratic ticket in 1888; elected to 
 the Fifty-second, Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty- 
 fifth, and Fifty-sixth Congresses; on the organiza- 
 tion of the Fifty-fifth Congress, March 15, 1897, he 
 was the Democratic nominee for Speaker of the 
 House of Representatives; cho.sen a United States 
 Senator as a Democrat January 23, 1901, to suc- 
 ceed Senator Horace Chilton, and took his seat 
 March 4. 
 
 Bailey, Theodorus, was born June 11. 1752, 
 in Dutchess County, N. Y. ; elected a Rejiresentative 
 from New York as a Democrat to theThird, Fourth, 
 Sixth, and Eighth Congresses; elected a United 
 States Senator fiom New York and served from 
 October 17, 1803, until January 16, 1804, when he 
 resigned to accept the position of postmaster at the 
 city of New Y'ork, which he held until his death, 
 September 6, 1828. 
 
 Bailey, Willis J., of Baileyville, Kans., was 
 born October 12, 1.854, in t'arroll County, 111. ; edu- 
 cated in the common schools, the Slonnt Carroll 
 High School, and the University of Illinois, at 
 Champaign; moved with his father to Nemaha 
 County, Kans., in 1879, and engaged in farming 
 and stock raising; elected a member of the Kansas 
 State boai'd of agriculture, serving two terms, 1895- 
 1899; elected to the Kansas legislature from Nemaha 
 County in 1888; nominated by his party again in 
 1890, but defeated; elected president of the Rejinli- 
 lican State League in 1893; leading candidate for 
 Congress from the First Kansas district in 1896 and 
 1898; defeated Richar.l W. Blue for the nomina- 
 tion for Congressman at large liefi ire the Reijublican 
 State convention at Hutchinson in June, 1898, and 
 on the 8th day of November following was elected 
 to the Fifty-sixth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Baird, Samuel T. , of Bastrop, La., was liorn 
 May 5, 1861, at Oak Ridge, La.; educated at home 
 and at ^'incennes, Ind. ; began the study of law in 
 1879, and admitted to the bar in 1882; elected dis- 
 trict attorney of the sixth judicial district in 1884; 
 served four jears in that position: elected district 
 judge of the same district in 1888; after serving 
 four years upon the bench, resumed practice of 
 law; elected to the State senate in April, 1896. and 
 served as chairman of the committee on railroads 
 and as a memlier of judiciary, lands and levees, 
 and elections conunittees; chairman of joint Demo- 
 cratic caucus during .'Session of general assendily; 
 temporary chairman of Democratic State conven- 
 tion in June, 1896; delegate to the national Demo- 
 cratic con\-ention at Chicago, 1896; elected to the 
 
372 
 
 ('ON(iKKS8I().N.\I, DIRKCTORY. 
 
 Kiflv-lifth C'onnress as a DeniiMi-at; ivelin-ti'd to 
 tliiVil'tv-sixth Conj;rcss, l.iit (iii'd April L'2, 1899. 
 
 Baker, Caleb, was a iiativiMjl New York; luein- 
 biT of I lie Slato assembly for four years; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the .Sixteenth 
 Coiifrress. 
 
 Baker, Charles Simeon, of Kochester, X. Y., 
 was born at Chun li\ ille. Monroe t'oiinty, N. Y'., 
 February 18, 18:i9; received an academic educa- 
 tion; teacher in 18ol)-57; studied law; ailmitted 
 to the bar in December, 18t)0; member of the 
 boaril of sujicrvisors of Monroe C'ounty three years; 
 member of the Kiuhester board of education two 
 years, and president thereof the second year; 
 member of the New York State assembly from 
 the second (Kochester) distrii't of Monroe ("otmty 
 in 1879-1882; member of the ."^tate senate of New 
 Y'ork from the twenty-ninth district in 1884-85; 
 electeil to the Forty-ninth Coujrress as a Kepuhli- 
 ean; reelected to the Fiftieth and Fifty-tirst Con- 
 gresses; returned to Kochester, N. Y., and resumed 
 the practice of his profession. 
 
 Baker, David Jewett, was born September 7, 
 179-', at Fast llaildam, Conn.; moved with his 
 parents to ( )ntario County, N. Y. , wliere he worked j 
 on a farm; stndie<llaw and commenced practicingal j 
 Kaskaskia, 111.: o|>posed to slavery ; probate ju<l);e 
 of Kandolph Comity; ajipointed to the I'nited 
 States Senate November 11", ls;W, as a Democrat, 
 to till a vacancy caused by the death of John 
 M(d,ean, and serve<l from Dirember 0, ls;W, until 
 ,Taiuiary4, 1831; die<lat .\lton. 111., .Vugustfj, 1809. 
 
 Baker, Edward Dickinson, Wiis Ixirn I'ebru- 
 arv --1, isll, at London, I'.nglaml; came to this 
 countrv with his father in 181.5 and settled in 
 I'hiladelphia, Pa.; in 18L'5 moved to Illinois, 
 where the boy rei'eive(l a ptiblic school education; 
 studieil law and admitted to the bar in (ireene 
 County; be^an practicing at Springlield; member 
 of the State house of representatives in 18:^7 and 
 of tlie States enate 1840-1844; electttd a Kcpre.sent- 
 ative from Illinois to the Twenty-ninth Congress 
 as a Whig; resigned December 30, 184(i, having 
 been commissioned colonel of the Fourth Kegi- 
 ment of Illinois Volunteers; serve<l throughout 
 the Mexican war; participated in the siege of 
 Vera Cruz, and commanded a brigaile at Cerro 
 (iordo; after the war moveil to (ialena. III., 
 where he was again elected to tin- Thirly-lirst 
 Congress; declined a reelection; in 1851 moved 
 to California and resumed the practice of law; 
 moved to Oregon and elected a I'nited States 
 Senator from that State, and took his seat Decem- 
 ber 5, ISliO; at the breaking out of the civil war 
 he raised a regiment of California volunteei^ in 
 New York and Philadelphia and took the held as 
 it.s colonel; connnamled a brigade at Halls Bluff, 
 where he was killeil October 21, 1861. 
 
 Baker, Ezra, was a native of New .Jersey; 
 elected a Representative from that State to the 
 Fourteenth Cnns.'ress. 
 
 Baker, Henry M., of liow, N. II., was born at 
 Bow, N. II., .laiuiary II, 1.841; graduated from the 
 New Hampshin- Conference Seminary in 1.S59, 
 Dartmouth College in ISii:!, and Cohmdnan College 
 I jiw School in I8l>t), an<l admitlcil to the bar the 
 ^Hine year; clerk in the War and Triiusury Depart- 
 menl.s, and later practiceil law in Washington, D.C; 
 jmlge-advocate-genenil of the National (inard of 
 New Hampshire in U8Hti-87, with rank of brigadier- 
 g»Mienil; member of the State .senate in l.'<91-92; 
 elected to the Fifty-third ( 'ongre.ss as a Kepublican; 
 reelected to the Fifty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Baker, Jehu, of Belleville, III.; was born in 
 Fayette County, Ky., November 4, 1.S22; attended 
 common .schoolsand McKendree College; receivefl 
 the honorary degree of M. \. from .McKendree 
 College in 18'58, andof LI,. I), in 1S82; author of an 
 Annotated Edition of .Monte.s(|uieu's( inindenr and 
 Decadence of the Romans; studied medicine for a 
 time, but abandoned it; was a lawyer by profes- 
 sion; master in chancery of St. Clair Comity iHtil- 
 18(i5; elected to the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth 
 Congre.s.si's; serve<l as I'nited States minister resi- 
 dent to Venezuela I878-I881 and 1882-1.8,85, being 
 minister resilient and consul-general for a time 
 during the closing part of this service, and was 
 elected to the Fiftieth Congress ;us a Republican; 
 reelecteil to the Fifty-lifth as a Fusionist, having 
 been nominated bv the People's, also the Demo- 
 cratic party; died "March 1, 190:}, at Belleville, 111. 
 
 Baker, John, was l>orn in Virginia; received 
 a liberal education; studied law and, after l)eing 
 admitted to the bar, jiracticed; elected a Kepre- 
 sentative from Virginia to the Twelfth Congress as 
 a Feileralist; after expiration of his term in (^on- 
 gre.ss resumed the practice of his profes.sion, which 
 he carried on successfully; died .\ugust 18, 1833, at 
 Shepherdstown, Va. 
 
 Baker, John H., of Goshen, Iml., was Ix.rn in 
 Parma Township, N.Y.. February 28, 1832; moved 
 at an early age with his parents to the present 
 county of Fulton, Ohio, where he assisted in such 
 farm labor as is incident to I'arly pioneer life until 
 le.ss than a year before attaining his majority; his 
 early education at home was limited to the lirief'. 
 winter terms of a new and spai-sely settleil coun- 
 try; he afterwards taught school and attendeil the 
 We.sleyan University at Delaware, t)hio, complet- 
 ing the first two years of the college course; stud- 
 ied law at iVdriaii, Mi<h.; ailmitteil to theliar and 
 conmieiiced to practice in 1857 at (ioshen, Ind.; 
 electeil to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Con- 
 gresses; reelecteil to" the Forty-sixth Congre.ss sis a 
 Reiiublican; resumed the (tract ice of law at (ioshen, 
 Ind., after his term in Congress; appointed a dis- 
 trict judge by President Harrison, which position 
 he imw holds. 
 
 Baker, Lucien, of Leavenworth, Kans., was 
 born in Ohio in 184(), and shortly thereafter moved 
 with his iiarents to Michigan; in 1.869 moveti to 
 Kansas and settled at I.#avenwr>rth ami engageil 
 in the practice of law; elected to the I'nited States 
 Senate as a Repulilican in 1895. servini; until March 
 .3, 1901. 
 
 Baker, Osmyn, was Ixirn May 18, 1800, at 
 .Vmherst, Ma.ss. ; graduated from Yale College in 
 1.822; studii'd law and admitted to the bar; in 1.853 
 and 1854 member of the State legislature; elected a 
 Rei>resentative from Ma.ssachusetts to the Twenty- 
 sixth Congress (to till a vacancy caused by the 
 death of .lames C. .\lvord) as a Whig; n-elected 
 to the Twenty-seventh and Twenty-eighth Con- 
 gre.sses. 
 
 Baker, Stephen, wjls born August 12, 1819, in 
 New York City; after receiving a eommon-.school 
 education became engaged in mercantile pursiiits 
 and aniiusseil a fortune; eli'cted a Representative 
 
 fr .New York to the Thirty-seventh Congress as 
 
 a Republii-an; died suddenly on thetniinapproaih- 
 in._' Oi.'den. I'tah, ,Iune 9, 1875. 
 
 Baker, William, of Lincoln, Kans., wan lx)rn 
 in Washington County, Pa., April 29, 1.831; brought 
 up on a farm; grailualed from Waynesburg Col- 
 lege, 18.56; followed teaching as a (^irofi-ssion for a 
 number of rears, and while teaching .studieil law 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 373 
 
 and admitted to the bar; elected to the Fifty- 
 second Congress as a nominee of the People'sparty ; 
 reelected to the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Con- 
 gresses; after his retirement from Congress he de- 
 voted his time to farming and stock raising. 
 
 Baker, William B., of Aberdeen, Md., was 
 born near Aberdeen, Md., July 22, 1840; educated 
 at public and private schools; worked upon a farm 
 until .'52 years of age, when he commenced fruit 
 packing; elected to the house of delegates as a Re- 
 publican in 1881 and to the State .senate in 1893; 
 elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican; reelected to "the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth 
 Congresses. 
 
 Baker, William H. , was born January 17, 1829; 
 in 1829 moved with his parents to Oswego County, 
 N. Y. ; studied law, and, after being admitted to the 
 bar, located at Constantina, N. Y., where he began 
 practicing; elected district attorney for Oswego 
 County, N. Y., from January 18(53, until January, 
 1870; elected a Representative from Xew York 
 to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican; 
 reelected to the Forty-fifth Congress. 
 
 Baldwin, Abraham, was born November 6, 
 1754, atGuilford, Conn. ; graduated from Yale Col- 
 lege in 1772; tutor in mathematics there until 1777; 
 studied theology; chaplain in the Revolutionary 
 Army until 178.3; after the war moved to Savan- 
 nah, where he was admitted to the bar and began 
 practicing; member of the legislature in 1784; dele- 
 gate to the Continental Congress 178.5-1788; mem- 
 ifber of the United States Constitutional Conven- 
 'tion; elected a Rejiresentative from Georgia to the 
 First Congress as a Democrat, and reelected to the 
 Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Congresses; 
 elected a I'nited States Senator and served from 
 December 2, 1799, until March 4, 1807, when he 
 died at Washington City; elected President pro 
 tempore of the Senate December 7, 1801, and April 
 17, 1H02. 
 
 Baldwin, Aug-ustus C. , was born December24, 
 1817, at .Salina, IS. Y.; after receiving a public- 
 school education moved to Michigan in 1837, 
 where he taught school; studied law, and in 1842 
 admitted to the bar; commenced ]iracticing in 
 Oakland County, Mich.; member of the State leg- 
 islature in 1844 and 1846; in 18.53 and 18.54 prose- 
 cuting attorney for Oakland County; elected a 
 Representative from Michigan to the Thirty-eighth 
 Congress as a Union Democrat; defeated for reelec- 
 tion to the Fortieth Congress by R. E. Trowbridge, 
 and contested the seat without succes,s; delegate 
 to the Peace Convention at Philadelphia in 1866. 
 
 Baldwin, Henry, was born in 1779 at New- 
 Haven, Conn. ; graduateil from Yale College in 1797; 
 studied law and began practicing at Pittsburg, Pa.; 
 elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Fifteenth Congress as a Federalist; reelected to the 
 Sixteenth and Seventeenth Congresses, resigning in 
 1822; appointed a ju.stice of the United States 
 Supreme Court; died at Philadelphia, April 21, 
 1844. 
 
 Baldwin, Henry P. , of Michigan, was born at 
 Coventry, R. I., February 22, 1814; received a 
 common-school education, supplemented by six 
 months at an academy; engaged in mercantile'busi- 
 ness in his native State in 1834; moved to the city 
 of Detroit and established a mercantile house iii 
 1838; for several years a director and the presi- 
 dent of the Detroit Young Men's (Literary) Soci- 
 ety; director of the Michigan State Baiik. and 
 president of the Second National Bank of Detroit 
 at its organization in 1864; member of the con- 
 
 vention which organized the Republican party at 
 Jackson, I\Iich., in 1.8.54; State senator in 1861 and 
 1862; governor of Jlichigan for four years, having 
 been elected in 1868 and reelected in 1870; mem- 
 ber of the national Republican convention at Cin- 
 cinnati in 1876; appointed a United States Senator 
 in November, 1879, to fill the vacancy caused by 
 the death of Hon. Zachariah Chandler, whose 
 term of office would have expired March 3, 1881; 
 died December 31, 1892. 
 
 Baldwin, Jolin, was a native of Windham, 
 Conn. ; elected a Representative from Connecticut 
 to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses. 
 
 Baldwin, John Denison, was born Septem- 
 lier 28, ISKI, at Nurtli Stimington, Conn.; attended 
 Yale College and studied law but never practiced; 
 editorand jiroprietnrof the Worcester Spy; elected 
 a Rejiresentative from JIassachusetts to the Thirty- 
 eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Congresses; 
 reentered newspajier work and published in 1847 
 Raymond Hill ;in<l other poems. 
 
 Baldwin, Melvin R. , of Duluth, Minn., was 
 born in Windsor County, Vt., April 12, 1838; 
 moved to Wisconsin, 1847; entered Lawrence LTni- 
 versity, Appleton, AVis., 1855, remaining through 
 the sophomore }-ear; studied law eighteen months, 
 and then adopted civil engineering as a profession; 
 engaged on Chicago and Northwestern Railway 
 till ,\pril 19, 1861, when he enlisted as a private in 
 Company E, Second Wisconsin Infantry, brigaded 
 with the Iron Brigade; promoted to captain of 
 his company; captured at Gettysburg and con- 
 fined in Libby, Macon, Ga., Charleston and Colum- 
 bia, S. C. ; engaged in operative railway work in 
 Kansas after the v\ar; general superintendent four 
 years; removed to Jlinnesota in 1875, and has 
 resided in Duluth since 1885; was president of 
 Duluth Chamber of Commerce; nominated forCon- 
 gressby acclamation in .Vugust, 1892; elected to the 
 Fifty-third Congress as a Democrat; chairman of 
 the Chippewa Indian Commission for two years, 
 having been appointed by President ('leveland. 
 
 Baldwin, Roger Sherman, was l>orn January 
 4, 1793, at New Haven, Conn.; graduated in 1811 
 from Yale College; studied law, and in 1814 ad- 
 mitted to the ))ar; began practicing at New Haven; 
 in 1837 member of the State senate, and of the 
 State house of representatives in 1840 and 1841; 
 governor 1844-1846; December 7, 1847, appointed 
 a United States Senator (to fill the vacancy caused 
 bv the death of W. T. Huntington), and served 
 until March 3, 1851. 
 
 Baldwin, Simeon, was born Dtcember 14, 
 1761, at Norwich, Conn.; graduated in 1781 from 
 Yale College; remained there as a tutor until 1786; 
 studied law, commencing practice at New Haven; 
 elected a Representative from Connecticut to the 
 Eighth Congress as a Federalist; juilge of the 
 State supreme court 1806-1817; mavor of New 
 Haven in 1826; died May 26, 1851, at New Haven. 
 
 Ball, Edward, was a native of Virginia; moved 
 to Ohio and elected a Representative from that 
 State as a Whig to the Thirty-third ancl Thirty- 
 fourth Congresses; sergeant-at-arms of the House 
 of Representatives in the Thirty-seventh Congress. 
 
 Ball, Lewis Heisler, «i Faulkland, Del., was 
 born September 21, 1861, near Wilmington, Del.; 
 graduated from Delaware College with the degree 
 of Ph. B. in 1882, and trom the L^nivei-sity of 
 Pennsylvania with the degree of !M. B. in 1885: 
 State treasurer of Delaware 1898-1900; trustee of 
 Delaware College; elected a Rejiresentative to the 
 
374 
 
 (•(•NHiKKriSKtNAL DIKKCTOKY, 
 
 Fifty-scventli ('imjrros.*; rosijinoil March H, UKi;{; 
 I'U'itcil til the I'niti'il Slatiw Scnalc a." a l\f|ml>li- 
 mn Marcli 2, I!l0:i, to till a vacaruv that liail ex- 
 isted finco Maroh 3, 18JH>, and took his seat March 
 3, l'K)3. 
 
 Ball, Thomas Henry, <il Iliintsvlllc, Tox., was 
 iMirii .laiiuary U. IS.'ilt, at lliiritsvillc, Walker 
 County, Tex., where he now resiiles; e<luoated in 
 private schools ami Austin t'olleije, in his native 
 town; afterwards worked upon a I'ann and tlien 
 obtained practical business training in the mer- 
 cantile business; serveil three terms a.s mayor of 
 lluntsville. and retired to be<rin the practice of 
 law; atteniled lectures at trie I'nivci-sity of Vir- 
 j;inia and electeii iiresident of the law class; chair- 
 man of the Ilcmocratic executive conunittee of 
 Walker County for twelve years, and of the first 
 supreme judicial district of Texas for three terms; 
 served as a delegate from his county in every 
 Stiite convention since ISSli; delegate from the 
 district to the Democratic national conventions in 
 18iiL' and 189t); delegate at large to the Democratic 
 national convention at Kans;is City in UHMl, and 
 the Texas member on platform and resolutions; 
 nominated by acclamation by the Democratic dis- 
 trict convention in 1S9(>, and elected to the Kifty- 
 (ifth. Kifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth 
 Congresses as a lU'niocrat. 
 
 Ball, William Lee, was born in 1779 in Lan- 
 caster County, Xa.: eleiteil a Uei)resentative from 
 Vinjinia to tlic Fifteenth. Sixteenth, Seventeenth, 
 and F,ii»hteentb (_"ongre,s.ses; died February 28, 
 1824, at Washington, D. C. 
 
 Ballentiue, John G. , of Pulaski, Tenn., was 
 born in I'ulaski, Ciles County, Tenn ; received a 
 classical education; elected to the Forty-eightli 
 Conirn'ss; reelected to the Forty-ninth C'ongri'ss 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Ballou, Latimer W., of Woonsocket, H. I., 
 was born at Cundierland, K. I., March 1, 1812; 
 receiveil his edui'ation in the public schools ami 
 academies in the vicinity; moved to Cambridge, 
 Mass.. in 1828, and learned the art of printing at 
 The I'niversity I're.ss; established The t ambriilge 
 Pre.ss in l,s:>i, ami continued in the bnsine.s.-' until 
 1S42, when he moved to Woonsocket, K. I., and 
 engaireil in mercantile pni-suits; chosen in 1,8,50 
 cashier of the Woi^nsoeket Falls Hank, and treas- 
 urer of the Woonsocket Institution for Savings, 
 which positions he retained for over twenty-tive 
 years; active in the organization of the Republican 
 party, ami jiresidcnt of the rreniont Club in 
 Woonsocket in I8.i(>; IVcsidential elector on the 
 Lincoln and Ilandin ticki-t in ISlM); delegate to 
 the national Ki'imblican convention which nomi- 
 nateil (irant and Wilson, at rhiladeloliia, in 1872; 
 elected to the Forty-fourth, Forty-lifth, and Forty- 
 sixth Congres.ses as a Kepublicau; died at \Voon- 
 soeket, H. I., May 9, ItMX). 
 
 Banister, John, was a native of Virginia; edu- 
 catcil in Fngland, and studied law at the Temiile; 
 retunie<I to Virginia, where he he<-ame an active 
 organizer in ante-Kevolntionary movement.s; ilele- 
 trate to the Continental Congress, .serving from 
 March 1«, 1778. to SeptemU-r 24. 1778; one of the 
 framers of tlie Articles of Confoleration; lieuten- 
 ant-colonel of Virginia cavalry in 17.S1. and active 
 in reiH'Iling the British invaders; ditnl in 1787, 
 near llateher's Kun, I)in\viildie County, Va. 
 
 Bankhead, John Hollis, of Fayette, was born 
 in Mi.scow. Marion County (now 1-imarl, .\la., 
 Septendier 13, 1.S42; is a farmer; served four years 
 in the Confe^lerate army, being wounded thnn? 
 
 times; represente<l .Marion County in the general 
 a.ssemblv, sessions nf l.SiWS, 18ti<i. and 18t>7; mem- 
 ber of tde State senate 187t>-77, and of the house 
 representatives 1880-81; warden of the Alabama 
 l>enitentiary 1881-188.5; elected to the Fiftieth. 
 Fifty-lii-st, Fifty-second, Fiftv-thir.l, Fiftv-fourth, 
 Fifty-lifth, Fifty-sixth, and" Fifty-seveiitb Con- 
 grt'.s.scs, ami reelected to the Fifty-eighth Congress 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Banks, John, was born October 17, 1793, in 
 Juniata County, Pa. ; received a classical education; 
 studied law, and in 1819 began |iractii'ing; electe<i 
 a Kepresentative from Pennsylvania tothe Twenty- 
 second, Twenty-third, and Twenty-fovirth Con- 
 gres-ses, resigning in 18.3(5 to liecome judge of Berks 
 judicial ilistrict; defeated as the Whig candidate 
 for governor of Pennsylvania in 1.841; resignetl 
 judgeshiji and became ,^tate treasurer in 1847; re- 
 sunieil tile practice of law at Heading, and died 
 there April .3, l,St>4. 
 
 Banks, Linn, was a native of Virginia; received 
 an aeademi<- tnlucation: member of the Virginia 
 house of delegates, and for twenty sucee.-'sive years 
 wa,s speaker of that body; in 18.38 decline<i fur- 
 ther .service in that body ami was elected to the 
 Twenty-tifth (^)ngress as a Democrat (to till out 
 the unexpired term of .lohn M. Patton, resigned), 
 reelected t<i the Twenty-sixth Ci>ngre.ss; eleeteil to 
 the Twenty-.seventh Congivss ovim- William Smith, 
 also a Democrat, who successfully contested the 
 election: while attempting to lord the Conway 
 Kiver .lannary 14, 1842, he was thrown from his 
 lioi-se and drowned. 
 
 Banks, Nathaniel P.. was bom Jaiiuan- 30, 
 
 181(i, at Waltham, Mass.; received a common 
 school education, anil w hen only 12 years old was 
 put to work in a cotton factory; learned the ma- 
 chini.st.s' trade; applied his leisure time to study; 
 became a lyceum lecturer, and sub.<ei]Uently edi- 
 tor of a weekly ]iaper in Waltham; clerk in the 
 custom-house at Boston; studied law and began 
 jiracticing; member of the Mas-sacha-^etts legisla- 
 ture 1849-1.><.">2, and for two years speaker of the 
 hou.se; in KS.tI elected to the senate, but being a 
 member of the house dei-lineil to serve; in I8.l3 
 memlier of the Ma.ssachusetts innstitulioiial con- 
 vention; elected a Kepre.-'entative from Ma.s.siji'hu- 
 setts as a Coalition Democrat to the Thirty-thinI 
 Congre.ss, on the second trial; reelected to the 
 Thirty-fourth Congress as an .\nierican; electol 
 Speaker of the House after a long contest; the 
 session began December 3. 18.'i,t; Mr. Hanks had 
 already made his iiitlueme felt and had won many 
 friends, who placed him in nomination for the 
 otliee; William .Vikeii. a large slaveholder of 
 South Carolina, was the favorite candidate of 
 many of the Southern memlH-i-s; Henry N. Fuller, 
 of Pennsylyania. was favoreil for a time by the 
 Southern Know Nothinirs. and Lewis CampU-ll. an 
 Ohio American. ha<l an intlueiilial following; on 
 account of the deadlock, the inntest busted more 
 than two months; the Presidi'Ut's Messagi' was 
 withheld and all legislative business was stoppeil: 
 the Members ate and slept in the Hall, ami the 
 Sergeant-at-.\riiis borroweil $20,tKX) to enable him 
 to make advances to memlK-rs of both iiarties; 
 after the one huiidre<I ami twenty-ninth ballot the 
 Housi' agrtHMl to lulopt the plurality rule after 
 three more, and on the one hundnil ami thirty- 
 tliinl ballot ^ February 2. 18.'it)i Mr. Hanks was 
 ele<ted Speaker; riflectcd to the Thirty-lifth Con- 
 gress as a Repulilican; resigned IVcemlK'r 4. 1.8.'>7. 
 j to iK-conie governor of Massaehiiselts, and s»'rve<l 
 ' from January, 1858, until January, IStil; uioveil 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 375 
 
 to Chicago, 111., and became president of the Illi- 
 nois Central Railroad: in 1861 entered the Union 
 Array as major-general of volunteers and served 
 throughout the war; returned to JIassachusetts 
 and again elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress as 
 a Union Repulilican (to till the vacancy caused 
 by the resignation (if D. \V. Gooch); reelected to 
 the Fortieth, Forty-first, and Forty-second Con- 
 gresses as a Republican; defeated for reelection to 
 the Forty-third Congress as a Liberal Republican 
 and Democrat; again elected to the Forty-fourth 
 Congress as a Liberal Repulilican; appointed 
 United States marshal March 11, 1S79, and served 
 until April 28, 1S88; elected to the Fifty-first Con- 
 gress as a Repulilican; in 1891 Congress \oted him 
 a pension of $1,200 per annum; died at Waltham. 
 Mass., .September 1, 1.S9-1. 
 
 Banning, Henry B. , was born November 10, 
 lSo4. at .Mount Vernon, Ohio; received an aca- 
 demic education; studieil law at Mount Vernon 
 until .\pril, 1861, when he enlisted in the Union 
 Army as a private and was promoted successively 
 to the rank of captain, major, lieutenant-colonel, 
 colonel, brevet brigadier-general, and lirevetmajor- 
 general; representative from Knox County, Ohio, 
 in the legislature in 1866 and 1867; in 1869 moved 
 to (Cincinnati where he resumed the practice of 
 law; elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
 F'orty-third Congress; reelected to the Forty-fourth 
 and Forty-fifth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Barber, Hiram, jr., of Chicago, 111., was born 
 in AVarren County, N. Y., March 24, 183.5; moved 
 to Wisconsin in 1846; educated at the State Uni- 
 versity at Madison, AVis. ; studied law at the 
 Albany Law School; admitted to the bar; district 
 attorney of Jefferson County, Wis., in 1861 and 
 1862; assistant attorney-general in 186.5 and 1866; 
 moved to Chicago in 1866; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Illinois to the Forty-sixth Congress as a 
 Republican. 
 
 Barber. Isaac A., of Easton, Md., was born 
 near Salem, X. ,1.. .lanuary 26, 1852; studied medi- 
 cine on neariug manhood, and graduated in 1872; 
 practiced for a short period in Woodstown, X. J.; 
 moved to Easton, Talbot County, !Md., in 1873; 
 practiced medicine successfully i'or about fifteen 
 years; engaged in milling; elected to the Jlary- 
 iand legislature in 1895; was chairman of the 
 Republican State central committee for Talbot 
 County, and ])resident of the Farmers and Jler- 
 chants" National Bank of Easton; elected to the 
 Fifty-fifth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Barber, J. Allen, native of Georgia, Vt. ; re- 
 ceived ah academy education; studied law, and in 
 1833 admitted to the liar; in 1837 moved to Wis- 
 consin and settled at Lancaster, tirant County, 
 and liegan practicing; member of the first consti- 
 tutional convention of Wisconsin in 1846; elected 
 to the State assembly in 18.52, 18.53, and 1,S63, serv- 
 ing the last year as speaker; in 18.56 and 1857 
 served in the State senate; elected a Representative 
 from Wisconsin to the Forty-second and Forty- 
 third Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Barber, Laird Howard, of Mauchchunk, Ta., 
 was horn near Mifflinburg, Union Countv, Fa.. 
 t)ctolier 25, 1848; prepared for college at the Jlif- 
 flinliurg .\cademy, and graduated from Lafayette 
 College in 1871; principal of the JVIauchchunk 
 public schools for several yeai-s; read law with 
 Frederick Bertolette, esq., "of Mauchchunk, and 
 admitted to the bar in Carbon County .lune 20, 
 1881; served for a numlierof years' as a'memberof 
 the committee on admissions to the bar in Carbon 
 
 County, and as member of the committee on legal 
 education of the Pennsylvania Bar Association; 
 Democratic candidate for Congress in 1896, but 
 was defeated by Hon. William S. Kirkpatrick by 
 329 votes; elected to the Fifty-sixth Congress as 
 a Democrat. 
 
 Barber, Levi, was a native of Litchfield County, 
 Conn. ; moved to Ohio and elected a Rei^resenta- 
 tive from that State to the Fifteenth and Seven- 
 teenth Congresses; defeated candidate for the 
 Sixteenth Congress. 
 
 Barber, Noyes, was born April 28, 1781, at 
 Groton, Conn.; received a common school edu- 
 cation; studied law while clerking in a store, and 
 ailmitted to the bar at Groton; elected a represen- 
 tative from Connecticut to the F^ighteenth, Nine- 
 teenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, 
 and Twenty-third Congresses; after his retirement 
 from Congress, resumed the practice of his profes- 
 sion at Groton, Conn., where he died January 3, 
 1845. 
 
 Barbour, James, was born June 10, 1775, in 
 Orange County, Vs.. ; received a common school 
 education; while serving as deputy sheriff of 
 Orange County studied law, and in 1794 admitted 
 to the bar; member of the Virginia house of dele- 
 gates, and its speaker; United States Senator from 
 Virginia, Anti-Democrat and State Rights, from 
 January 11, 1815, to March 27, 1825, when he 
 resigned to become Secretary of War under Presi- 
 dent ,Iohn Quincv Adams; mini.«ter to England 
 from May 23, 1828, to Septendjer 23, 1829;" died 
 June 8, 1842, near Gordonsville, Va. 
 
 Barbour, John S., was born August 8, 1790, in 
 Culpeper County, Va. : graduated in 1808 from Wil- 
 liam and Mary College; studied law and admitted 
 to the bar; in the war of 1812 was aid-de-camp to 
 General Madison; served in the State legislature; 
 elected a Representativefrom Virginia to the Eight- 
 eenth Congress as a State Rights Democrat; 
 reelected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty- 
 first, and Twenty -second Congresses; member of 
 the Virginia constitutional convention of 1829 and 
 1830; died January 12, 1855, in Culpeper County, 
 Va. 
 
 Barbour, John S. , of Alexandria, Va., was 
 born in Culpeper County, Va., December 29, 
 1820; educated at the University of Virginia; 
 graduate of the law school of the University of 
 Virginia, and began the practice of law in his 
 native county of Culpeper; elected to the legisla- 
 ture of Virginia from Culpeper County in 1847, 
 and reelected, serving four consecutive sessions; 
 in 1852 elected president of the railroad company 
 then called ' ' The Orange and Alexandria Railroad 
 Company," in which position he continuously 
 remaineil until it was merged in what is now- 
 known as "The Virginia Midland Railway Com- 
 pany," extending from -\lexandria to Danville, 
 Va.; elected to the Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, 
 and Forty-ninth Congresses as a Democrat; elected 
 to the United States Senate to succeed Harrison H. 
 Riddleherger, and took his seat March 4, 1889; 
 died May 14, 189,2. 
 
 Barbour, Lucien, was born March 4, 1811, at 
 Canton, Conn. ; received a classical education, and 
 in 1837 graduated from Amherst College; moved to 
 Indiana, where he studied law; ailmitted to the 
 bar at Indianapolis; appointed United States dis- 
 trict attorney for the district of Indiana; commis- 
 sioner to codify the laws of Indiana in 18.52; 
 elected a Representative from Indiana to the 
 Thirty-fourth Congress as a Republican. 
 
37(1 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL l)IUK(T< >KV. 
 
 Barbour, Philip Pendleton, wii.m )><>rn in 
 Oraiijri' ('oiinty. \'a., in I7S3; roivivoil a I'hfsical 
 cilin-atiiiii; ntiuliod lawiiml practiced with success: 
 cloctcii a Kt'|>rc8eiitative I'riuii Virginia to tlic 
 I'oiirtcciitli ('oii>rrcs.'< as a Deiiiocrat; reelected to 
 llie Kiftcenth, Sixteenth, Seveiiteeiitli, and ICijiht- 
 fcnth C'i)nnres,-iei? wiihnut opposition; resigned in 
 Fet)riiary, ISlT); Speaker of tlie llinise of Ke])ro- 
 sentatives in tlie Seventeenth ('iin;;ress; appointed 
 judge of the Virginia general court for tlie eiu-itern 
 district in ls;?5 (in place of .Judge Holmes, 
 deceivsed); again elected a Representative to the 
 Twentieth and Twenty-lirst Congresses, and again 
 resigned May :il, is:i0; candidate al the Denio- 
 cnitic national convention at Haltiniore for Vice- 
 I'resident, at which .Jackson and Van liuren were 
 no[ninaled, and received -111 votes; in lS5(i ap- 
 pointeil liy I'resident .Jackson associate justice of 
 the Supreme Court, and held the jiosition until 
 his death, at Wasliington, 1>. ("., Kebruarv 2."), 
 1.S41. 
 
 Barclay, David, was a native of I'ennsylvania, 
 and elecleil a Representative from that .state to the 
 Thirty-lourtli Congress ;ui a Democrat. 
 
 Bard, David, was a native of I'ennsylvania; 
 graduated from l'rin<'eton College in 177S; elected 
 a Kepresentative from IVunsylvania to the I'ourth 
 and Fifth Congre.«ses; again elected to the Kighth, 
 Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh. Twelfth, and Thirteenth 
 Congresses; soon after his retirement from Con- 
 gresa he dieii in Virginia. 
 
 Bard, Thomas Robert, of JIuenetne, Cal., was 
 liorn at Cliamljcrshurg, I'a.. Decemher .S, 1H41; his 
 .ancest< irs were Scotch- 1 rish, am 1 ami mg the earliest 
 ."ettlers of that part of the Cuinhcrlaml Valley in 
 which Chamliersliurg is situated; received a com- 
 mon-school education, and graduated from the 
 Chandiershurg Academy in l.'<iiS; before complet- 
 ing the study of law engaged in railroading at 
 liagerstown, iMd.; went to California in 1864; re- 
 sided in Ventura County, that Slate, where he 
 engaged in wharving ami warehousing, banking, 
 petroleum mining, sheep grazing, horticulture, and 
 general fanning; rresidcniial elector in 1,S80 and 
 again in ISDi', but has held no other imiiorlant 
 pul>lic otlices; on February 7, litOO, elected to the 
 Cnit<-d Slates .Senate at an extra session of the 
 State legislature by unanimous vote of the Rei>ub- 
 lican majority to till the vacancy occasioned by the 
 expiration of the term of Stephen M. White, 
 Democrat, iMarcli .3, 189it, and took the oath of 
 office in the .Senate March .5, 1900. 
 
 Barham, John A., of Santa Uosa, Cal., was 
 born in Missouri, .July 17, 1844; moved with his 
 parents to California in 184!': educated in the com- 
 mon schools and at the Hesperian College in 
 Woodland, Cal.; taught in the i>iiblic schools of 
 California f(U- three years; studied law and. in ISfiS, 
 admitted to jiractice; elected to the I'ifty-fourth 
 Congress as a Kepid)lican; reelected to the Fifty- 
 lifth and Fifty-sixth Congresses. 
 
 Barker, Abraham A., was horn March .'W, 
 181t>, at Kovell, Me.; received a ]>ul>lii' school edu- 
 cation and engageil in farming; in 18.'i4 moved to 
 I'ennsylvania, engaging in the lund)er traile; dele- 
 gate to the national Rejaiblican convention at 
 Chicago in ISliO; elected a Kepre.sentalive from 
 Pennsylvania in the Thirty-ninth C<mgre.«s as a 
 I'nion Hejiub.ican. 
 
 Barker, David, jr., was born .January 8, 17i)7, 
 at Stratham. N. II.; eilucat<Kl at Kxetcr .\cademy 
 and Harvard College, graduating in ISl.'S; studied 
 law and in 1819 aihnitlecl to the bar; began pmr- 
 
 ticingat Koehester, N. H.; ser\'e<i several years as a 
 mendterof the New Hampshire legislatme; electwl 
 a Hepn'.sentiilive to the Twentieth Cont;re.>*.M from 
 New Hampshire; resum<'d his law practice; died 
 at Rochesier, April 1, 18.'{4. 
 
 Barker, Jacob, was born Decemln-r 7, 1779, at 
 Swan Island, Me.; received a ])ublic school edu- 
 cation; inoveil to New York City, becondnga well- 
 known financii'r; state senator; becoming involved 
 in numerous speculation, lost his jiroperty; after 
 the failure of a life insurance company of which 
 he was the manager was indicttrd for conspiracy to 
 defraud; in 18:{4 removed to New Orleans; udmit- 
 teil to the bar there and became a political leader; 
 elected a Kepre.sentalive from Louisiana to the 
 Thirty-ninth Congress as a Conservative; his cre- 
 dentials were presented Decend)erl9, 18(>.">, but he 
 was not adnntteil to hisst-at ; in 181)7 lieagain be<'ame 
 bankrupt; diecl at I'liiladelphia. Vti., December 
 27, 1871. 
 
 Barker, Joseph, Wius born in Mas.s;ichu.sett.s in 
 17.'il; studied two years at Harvard College and 
 in 1771 graduated from Vale College; studied theol- 
 ogy and was onlained as a pastor; elected a Kep- 
 resentative from Jlafisachusetts to the Ninth 
 Congress; died in 1815. 
 
 Barksdale, Ethelbert, <if .Jackson, Miss., was 
 born in KuthcTford ('ounty, Tenn.; moved to 
 Mississippi when a youth; ent<"red upon journal- 
 ism in his twenty-first year, and adopted it as a 
 profession; engaited in farming; conducted the 
 othcial journal of the State l,s.i4-1.8til and 1.876- 
 18S.'5; member of the Congre.ss of the Confederate 
 Stales during the existence of that government; 
 served on the platform coinndtfeesof the national 
 Democratic conventions of 1860, 1,S()8, 1872, and 
 18S(I; on the Democratic electoral ticket for the 
 Stale at large in 1876, and president of the State 
 electiu-al college; chairman of the Democratic State 
 executive couunittee 1877-1879; elected to the 
 Forty-eighth Congre.>^s as a Democrat; reelected to 
 the Fortv-ninth Congress; died at Yazoo, Miss., 
 February 17, 189:}. 
 
 Barksdale, William, was bom August 21, 1821, 
 in Rutherford County, Tenn.; received a cla.ssii'al 
 education; studied law, and admitted to the bar; 
 moved to Colund)Us, Miss., where he l>egan prac- 
 ticing; editor of the Coluiubus Democrat; served 
 in th.' Mexican waras<|uartermaster of the Missis- 
 sippi Volunteers; delegate to the national Demo- 
 cralicconvention in l.S.'i2; elecleil a Representative 
 from Mississippi to the Thirty-thinl Congress as a 
 State Kiiihts Democrat for the Stale at lai-ge. and 
 reel>ct*'d to the Thirty-fourth, Thirly-liflh, and 
 Thirtv-s xth Congres.ses without opposition; re- 
 signed Januarv 12, 1.8t)l, to enter the Confo<lerate 
 army; made l)rigadier-genenil August 12, 1862, 
 commaniling a >Iississippi brigade in Ixingstreet's 
 Corps; killed at the battleof (iettvsbm-g. I'a.,. July 
 2, 186.S. 
 
 Barlow, Bradley, of St. .\lbans, Vt., was l>om 
 at Fairfield, \'t.. May 12, 1814; brought up there, 
 and engaged in agricultural and mercantile pur- 
 suits uiilil 18.")8, when he moved to St. Albans, 
 and fortwenty years engaged in banking and other 
 large business pursuits; president of the VeriiKUit 
 National Hank, ami engaged in railroad enterprises; 
 six times elected a menilM-r of the ■'^tatt' lion.se of 
 repn'senlatives, and twice electeii a State st'iiator, 
 twice elected a memlH-rof State con.stilnlioiial con- 
 ventions, of one of which he was a.ssistant se<-ie- 
 tary ; several years county treasun'r; elected to the 
 Forty-sixth Congress as a National Republican. 
 
 J 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 377 
 
 Barlow, Charles Averill, of San Luis Olsispo, 
 Cal., eldest son of Merrill Barlow, who was 
 quartermaster-general of ()hio in 1802 under Gov- 
 ernor Brough, was bgrn at C'leveland.Ohio, March 
 17, 1858, and received a common school education 
 in that city; his father havinfr died, he, with his 
 mother and family, moved to Ventura, Cal., in 
 1875; then learned the harness maker's trade, later 
 Ijuying an interest in the business of his employer; 
 also engaged extensively in the fruit drying and 
 shipping business; disposing of his interests in 
 Ventura, moved to San Luis Obispo County, where 
 he acquired laud and engaged in wheat farming; 
 Stiite lecturer of the Farmers' Alliance one term, 
 and elected to the State assembly from San Luis 
 Obispo County in 1893 on the straight People's 
 Party ticket; then engaged with J. K. Tuley in 
 the pulilication of theReasoner, at San LuisObispo, 
 that being the leading Populist paper in southern 
 California; chairman of the Peojjle's Party State 
 convention in 1896, and in August of that year 
 nouiinated for Congress by both the People's Party 
 and Deuiocratic conventions and the unaniuious 
 indorsement of the Free-Silver Republican organi- 
 zation of the Sixth district; elected to the Fifty- 
 fifth Congress as a fusion candidate. 
 
 Barlow, Stephen, was a native of Pennsylva- 
 nia, and elected a Representative from that State 
 to the Twentieth Congress. 
 
 Barnard, Daniel Dewey, was born July lii, 
 1797. in Berkshire County, Ma-ss. ; graduated at 
 Williams College in 1818; studied law and in 1821 
 was admitted to tlie liar; liegan practicing at Roch- 
 ester, N. Y.; prosecuting attorney in 1826; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the Twentieth 
 Congress; in 18.32 moved to Albany, N. Y.; mem- 
 ber of the State assemlily; again elected to the 
 Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig; reelected to the 
 Twenty seventh and Twenty-eighth Congresses; 
 minister to Prussia September ,3, 1850, to Septem- 
 ber 21, 1853; died at Albany, N. Y., April 24, 1861. 
 
 Barnard, Isaac D., was born July 18, 1791, at 
 Aston, Pa.; received a public school education; 
 while studying law was ajipointed cajitain in the 
 Fourteenth United States Infantry, JIarch 12, 
 1812, and served during tlie war; espe<'ially distin- 
 guished himself at the engagements of' Lyons 
 Creek and Fort Dodge; resumed his legal studies 
 and in 1816 admitted to the bar; began practicing 
 at Westchester; deputy attorney-general in 1817; 
 State senator in 1820; State secretary of state in 
 1826; United States Senator from Pennsylvania 
 from December 3, 1827, until December, 1831, 
 when he resigned; died at Westchester, Pa., Feb- 
 ruary 28, 18,34. 
 
 Barnes, Demas, was born April 4, 1827, at 
 (iorliani, X. Y.; reared on a farm; received an 
 acedemic educati(.in; 1849 niuved to New York 
 and engaged in wholesale drug and medicine l>usi- 
 ness; elected a Representative from New York in 
 the Fortieth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Barnes, George T. , of Augusta, Ga., was born in 
 Richmond County, Ga., August 14, 1833; educated 
 at the Richmond County Academy, and at Frank- 
 lin College, University of (Georgia, .Athens, where 
 he graduated in August, 1853; studied law, admit- 
 ted to the bar, and jiraeticed; member of the State 
 house of representatives of Georgia 1860-1865; 
 member of the national Democratic conunittee 
 from Georgia 1876-1884; ele<'ted to the Forty-ninth 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the t-lftieth 
 and Fifty-lirst Congresses. 
 
 Barnes, Lyman E. , of Appleton, Wis., was 
 Ijorn at Weyauwega, Waupaca County, \\'is., June 
 30,1855; educated in the jiublic schools; admitted 
 to the bar in 1876, after four years' study in a law 
 ntfice and at Columbia College Law School, New 
 York; liegan the practice of law in Appleton in 
 1876 and soon afterwards formed a |iartnership 
 with Judge (ioodland (one of the circuit judges of 
 Wisconsin), which continued until 1882; moved 
 to Rockledge, Brevard County, Fla., where he 
 remained about five years; practiced law there; 
 nominated by acclamation for State senator by 
 the Democratic party of Brevard and Da<ie counties, 
 but declined; returned to Appleton and resumed 
 the practice of his profession; district attornev of 
 Outagamie County; lield no other pulilic office; 
 elected to the Fifty-third Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Barnett, William, was a native of Virginia; 
 
 i-emoved to Georgia, and elected a Representative 
 from that State to the Twelfth Congress (in place 
 of Howell Cobb, resigned) .is a State Rights Dem- 
 ocrat; reelected to the Thirteenth Congress; in 
 1815 appointed a member of the commission to 
 establish the boundaries of the Creek Indian 
 Reservation. 
 
 Barney, John (son of Commodore Joshua 
 Barney), was born at Baltimore, Md., in 1785; 
 elected a Representati\'e from Maryland to the 
 Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses; died at 
 Washington, D. C, January 26, 1856. 
 
 Barney, Samuel Stebbins, of West Bend, 
 Wis., was Ijorn at Hartford, Washington County, 
 Wis., .Tanuary 31, 1846; educated in the public 
 schools and at Lombard LTniversity, Galesburg, III. ; 
 taught the high school in Hartford for four years; 
 began the study of law at West Bend with Hon. 
 L. F. Frisby, late attorney-general of Wisconsin, 
 in 1870; admitted to practice in 1873, and has 
 practiced liis profession at West Bend ever since; 
 tilled the otlice of superinten<lent of schools of 
 Washington County from 1876 to 1880; Republi- 
 can candidate for Congress in 1884 in the old Fifth 
 district; in the .«ame year delegate to the National 
 Republican convention at Chicago; held no other 
 public office; elected to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty- 
 tifth. and Fifty-sixth Congresses, and reelected to 
 the Fifty-seventh Congress as a Republican; re- 
 fused renomination for the Fifty-eighth Congress. 
 
 Barnitz, Charles A., was born Septemlier 11, 
 1780, at York, Pa.; received a liberal education; 
 studied law and achnitfeil to tlie liar; began the 
 practice of his profession at York; in 1815 elected 
 to the State senate; elected to the Twwity- third 
 Congress from Pennsylvania; died at York, Pa., 
 January 8, 18.50. 
 
 Barnum, William H. , was born September 17, 
 1818, in Boston Corners, Columbia County, N. Y.; 
 received public school education; apjuentice to 
 the iron founders' trade and subsequently engaged 
 in the manufacture of pig iron, car wheels, and 
 other articles of iron, in which he became quite 
 wealthy ; member of the Connecticut legislature in 
 1851-52; elected a Representative from that State 
 to the Fortieth Congress as a Democra ; reelected 
 to the Forty-lirst, Forty-second, Forty-third, an<l 
 Forty-fourth Congresses, and resigned May 22, 
 1876, to become a United States .Senator from 
 Connecticut as a Democrat ( in place of Orris Ferry, 
 Republican), and took his seat in the .Senate May 
 22, 1876; served until March 3, 1879; delegate to 
 the national Democratic convention in 1.8ti8, 1872, 
 1876, 1880, and 1884; chairman of the national 
 
;{7s 
 
 CONdKESSlONAL DIRKCTOUY. 
 
 Democratic executive eoiiiinittee in the canvasses 
 i.f ISSOand 1884; (iiinl at Lime Kock. Conn., April 
 :«), KHSit. 
 
 Barnwell, Robert, was a native of South Caro- 
 lina; Representative in the Second Con^:res.« from 
 that State, servinj; from October 24, 1791, to March 
 •J. I7ii:i. 
 
 Barnwell, Robert Woodward, was born Au- 
 fiust 10, l.sdl, ill South Carolina; received a classical 
 eilucatioii.aiiil in 1S21 >,'niiliiatc(l fioni HarvanlCoI- 
 le^re; .^tiulicd law, admitted to the liar, and bi'jraii 
 |)ra<ticinj:; electeil a Ki'iiresentative from .South 
 Carolina to the Twenty-lirst and Twenty-second 
 Conjriesses; lieclined a renomination; appointed a 
 I'nited States Senator from South Carolina (in 
 place of Kraiiklin II. Klmore, decea.sed ), and served 
 from .lime LM, IS.'Hl, to .lanuary (>, 18.")I; coinniis- 
 sioner from .Smith Carolina to the Federal (iov- 
 ernment rcfiardin^r the secession of that State in 
 December, 1800; member of the Provincial Con- 
 gress of the Confederate States. 
 
 Barr, Samuel F., of llarrishurjr, I'a.. was horn 
 near Coleraine, County .\iitriiii, Ireland, .liuu' 1."), 
 18'.'!); his parents came to the I'liiteil .States in 
 18.S1; received a common school education; freight 
 agent if the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne and Chicago 
 Railroad in 18.i.5-.5ti; engaged early in the war on 
 the (iovernment railways in and about Washing- 
 ton; in 18ti7 apiiointed clerk to the Coiuniittee on 
 Agri<ultuie of the .Senate, and afterwards became 
 clerk to the Committee on l''oreigii Helalions of 
 that body; was for live years editor of the Harris- 
 burg (I'a) Telegraph, from which position he 
 withdrew in 1878, givingupactive business; elected 
 to the Korty-seventh Congress as a Republican; 
 reelected to the Forty-eighth Congress. 
 
 Barr, Thomas J., was born in New York in 
 
 1811'; rei-eived a public school education; engaged 
 ill the hotel business, 18.>."i-1842, in New .Jersey; 
 returned to New York City, where he was an 
 assistant alderiuan, 184!t-.50; in 18.iS served in 
 the State senate; elected a Rc|)resentative from 
 New York to the Th irty-li ft h Congress (in the place 
 of .lohn Kelly, resigned ), as a Democrat; reelected 
 to till' Thirty-sixth Congress as an indejiendent 
 Di'iMocrat. 
 
 Barrere, Granville, was a native of Highland 
 County. Ohio; received a (lulilic school education, 
 atteuiled college at .\ugiisla. Ky., and .Marietta, 
 • •bio; studied law and began practicing in Illinois 
 in 18.i(>: elected a Representative fmiii Illinois to 
 the Forty-third Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Barrere, Nelson, Wit" elected a Representative 
 from Ohio to the Thirty-.second Congre.ss as a 
 Whig; defeated for reelection to the Thirty-third 
 
 Congress. 
 
 Barrett, J. Richard, was a native of Kentucky; 
 moved to ,st. Louis, Mo., and became identified 
 with the St. Louis Agricultural .Society, and organ- 
 ized its sncce.usfnl exhibilioiis; claiuii'<l to have 
 been elected a Representative from Mis.souri to the 
 Thirty-sixth Congress, and after the contest the 
 seat was given to his o|i|ioiient, Francis 1'. Blair, 
 who s<^)on afterwards resigned; elected to (ill tlie 
 vacancy in the Thirtv-sixth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; defeate<l for reelection to the Thirty-seventh 
 Congre.^vs. 
 
 Barrett, William E., of Melrose, Mas.s., was 
 liorn there December 2;l, IS.'iK; educated in the 
 |iublic sihodls; graduated from Darlmoulh ( 'ollrge 
 in 18.S0; liegan at once as a&sistant editor of the 
 St. .\ll>ans Daily Me.ss«'nger; joined the staff of 
 
 the Boston Daily .\ilvertiser in 18K2; Wasliington 
 corresiiondeiit of the Boston .Vdvirliser 188L'-,SI>; 
 recalled to Boston to become eilitor in chief, and 
 in 1888 became chief propriet<ir and maiuiger of 
 the Bost<in Daily .\dvertiser and the Boston Kven- 
 ing Record; elected to the Ma.s.sichusetts legisla- 
 ture 1,887-18112; speakerof that body every year but 
 the (ii-st. being elected by the votes of both par- 
 ties; caiiilidate for Congre.ss in .\pril, I8!i:!, at a 
 special electioii to till the vacancy caused by the 
 resignation of Hon. II. C, Loilge, but was defeated 
 by William F.verett, Democrat; elected to the 
 Fifty-fourth Congre.ss as a Republican; reelected 
 to the Fifty-lifth Congress; moved to '{ost<in, 
 Miuss., and became publisher of the Boston Daily 
 Adverti.'Jer, a morning paper, and the Record, an 
 evening |)aper; president of a bank at Medford, 
 .Mass., ami president of a trust I'ompany located 
 at Hostou, Mass. 
 
 Barringer, Daniel L., was born Octolier 1, 
 1788, in Cabarrus County, N.C. ; received a cli\s- 
 sical education; studiccl law and began practicing 
 in Wake Counlv; member of the house of com- 
 mons of North Carolina in 181:!, 181!l, 1 821, and 
 1S22; elected a Reprisentative from North Caro- 
 lina to the Nineteenth Congress (in place of W. 
 Maiigum. resigned) as a Democrat; reelected to 
 the Twentieth. Twenty-lirst, Twenty-sei-oiid, and 
 Tw«'nty-tliird Congresses; defeated for reelection 
 to the Twenty-fourth Congre.-s; moved to Ten- 
 ues.see and Ix'came a member of the legislature; 
 elected its speaker; died in Tennessee October Iti, 
 1H.V2. 
 
 Barring-er, Daniel Moreau, was born in .July, 
 bsoii, in Cabairus County, N. ('.; grailiiated at 
 the I'niversity of .North Carolina in I82li; studit'<l 
 law and began practicing in 1820; mcmln'rof the 
 hou.se of commons of North Carolina in 1829, 18.S0, 
 !8:n, 1,832, 1.S.W, 18:i4, l.S40. and 1842; meiuber of 
 the constitutional convention in 1.8:1.5; electeil a 
 Representative from North Carolina as a Whig to 
 the Twenty-eighth Congress; reelected to the 
 Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congres.<es; minister 
 to Spain from .lune 18, 1849, until Sc]>teinber 4, 
 l.S.">:!; ill 18.")4 elected to the .state bouse of repre- 
 sentatives, au<l lieclined a reiioiniiiation; delegate 
 to the jieace congress in 1.8(11. 
 
 Barrow, Alexander, was born in 1 801 near Xash- 
 
 villc, Tenn.; u'ladnated from the West Point Mili- 
 tary .Academy; studied lawand began iiracticing in 
 Louisiana: engaged in agricultural pui-siiils; served 
 several yeaiv in the state legislature of Louisiana; 
 chosen as a I'nited .states .Senator from Lmisiana 
 as a Whig and served from May .SI, 1,841, until his 
 death, at Baltimore. Md., December 29, l,s4(j. 
 
 Barrow, Pope, of .\lhens, (ia., was Imrn in 
 ( iglethorpeCountv. (ia., .\ugnst I, 18.'i9; graduated 
 from the Cniversity of (Jeorgia in the cliLssof 1.8.")9 
 and ill the law cla.ss of 18110; admittiil to the bar 
 and practiceil law; entered the Confedenite service 
 in I8(il, and .served as aid-de-camp to Maj. <>en. 
 Howell Cobb during the war; resumed the |>nic- 
 ticeof law at .\thens; inemlier of theconstitntional 
 conventioii of 1877, and of the Stale Ix'gisiatnre of 
 Ccoigia in 18.S0 and 1881; elected to the rnittil 
 .Stales Senate November l.'i, 1.8.81', to (ill the vacan- 
 cy caused by the death of Hon. B. 11. Hill; look 
 his seat December .5, 1.8,H2, serving until March :!, 
 I88,'{; resumed the practice of law at Savannah, <ia. 
 
 Barrow, Washington, was born October h. 
 1817. in Davidson County. Tenn.; received a clas- 
 sical education: studied law and practiced; minister 
 to Portugal from August 1(1, 1.S41, to February 24, 
 
KH>CJKAPHIES. 
 
 379 
 
 1844; elected a Kepreseiitative from Tennessee to 
 the Tliii'tieth Congress as a Whig; edited The 
 JSashville Banner; State senator in 1860 and 1861; 
 pniminently identified with tlie Confederacy dur- 
 ing the civil war, and arrested by order of Governor 
 Andrew Johnson, March 28, 1862, and imprisoned 
 at Nashville; released the following week bv order 
 of President Lincoln; died October 19, 1866, at 
 St. Louis, ^lo. 
 
 Barrows, Samuel June, of Boston, Mass., was 
 b< irn at New York City May 26, 184.5; aftera (irimary 
 school education entered, at 9 years, the employ 
 of R. Hoe & Co., New York, as errand boy and 
 telegraph operator; with the exception of one year 
 spent in tlie public schools, remained nine years 
 with this tirm; studied in night school; learned 
 shorthand; enlisted in the Navy at 19, but was 
 not mustered in on account of ill health; practiced 
 as a .stenographer; reporter for the New Y'ork Sun 
 and New York World; in 1867 became jihono- 
 graphic secretary to William H. Sewanl, then Sec- 
 retary of State; remained in Dejiartmcnt of State 
 until 1871, and served part of the time in the Con- 
 sular Bureau and Bureau of Rolls; accompanied 
 Chajilain Newman, of the Senate, to Utah in 1870, 
 and reported the debate with the Mormons; en- 
 tered the Harvard Divinity School in the fall of 
 1871 and was graduated with the degree of B. A.; 
 while at Harvard was Boston correspondent of the 
 New Yi)rk Tribune; accompanied as correspondent 
 of the same jiaper the Yellowstone expedition in 
 187.'!, under the command of General Stanley, and 
 the Black Hills expedition in 1874, commanded by 
 (reneral Cu.ster; took part in 1878 in the battles of 
 Tongue River and the Big Horn; spent a year at 
 Leipsic University and studied jiolitical economy 
 under Roscher; settled as pastor of the First Parish, 
 Dorchester (Boston), Mass., in 1876; resigned in 
 1881 to become editor of tlie Christian Register, 
 which position he held for sixteen years; spent 
 the year 1892-93 in Europe studying archaeology 
 in Greece and visiting European jirisons; secretary 
 of the United States delegation to the International 
 Prison Congress at Paris in 1895, and prepared the 
 report transmitted by the Secretary of State to Con- 
 gress; appointed by President Cleveland in 1896 to 
 represent the United States on the International 
 Priscjn Commission; elected to the Fifty-fifth Con- 
 gress as a Republican. 
 
 Barry, F. G., of West Point, Miss., was born 
 at Woodbury, Tenn., of Irish parentage, January 
 1.5. 1845; received a rudimental education; served 
 as a private in the C'onfederate army; studied law, 
 admitted to the bar, and practiced; member of the 
 State senate of Mississippi 187.5-1879; Democratic 
 electoral large for the State of Mississippi in 1880; 
 elected to the Forty-ninth Congress as a Democrat; 
 reelected to the Fiftieth Congress. 
 
 Barry, Henry W., was a native of New Y'ork; 
 self-educated; graduated in law at Columbian Law 
 College, Washington, D. C. ; enlisted in the Union 
 Army early in the war; organized a regiment of col- 
 ored troops in Kentucky; breveted major-general; 
 meml.ier of the Mississipjii State constitutional con- 
 vention in 1867; elected to the State senate in 1868; 
 elected a Representative from Mississippi to the 
 Forty-first Congress as a Republican; reelected to 
 the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses; died 
 June 7, 1875, at Washington, D. C. 
 
 Barry, William Taylor, was born February 5, 
 1784; graduated from William and Mary College in 
 180o; studied law and began the practice of his 
 profession at Lexington, Ky. ; elected a Repre- 
 sentative to the Eleventh Congress as a Democrat 
 
 (to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of 
 George M. Bibb), and served from Fel)ruary 2, 
 1815, imtil he resigned in 1816; judge of the 
 supreme court of Kentucky; elected lieutenant- 
 governor; appointed professor of law and politics 
 in Transylvania University, at Lexington, in 1821; 
 secretary of state; chief justice of the supreme 
 court of Kentuckv; appointed Postmaster-(jeneral 
 by President Jackson, March 9, 1829, the first 
 Postmaster-General invited to sit in the Cabinet; 
 resigned April 10, 18.'-!5, when he became minister 
 to Spain; died at Liverpool, England, August 30, 
 1835, on his way to his post; his remains were 
 brought home ami reinterred in Frankfort Ceme- 
 tery with IMasonic honors, November 8, 1854. 
 
 Barry, William Sullivan, was born December 
 10, 1821, at Columbus, Miss.; graduated from 
 Yale College in 1841 ; studied law and ])racticed 
 at Colundjus; owner of several jilantations; 
 elected a Representative from Mississipiji to the 
 Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat; president 
 cif the State secession convention of 1861, and 
 member of the provincial Confederate Congress; 
 entered the military service and commanded the 
 Thirty-fifth Mississippi Volunteers, acting at times 
 commander of the brigade to which he belonged; 
 captured at Mobile, April 12, 1865; resumed prac- 
 tice at Columbus and dieil there. Januarv 29, 
 1868. 
 
 Barstow, Gamaliel H., was born in New- 
 York State in 1785; state treasurer of New Y'ork 
 1825-1828; served several terms as member of 
 the State senate and assembh-; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New York to the Twenty-second 
 Congress; died at Nichols, N. Y., April 10, 1865. 
 
 Barstow, Gideon, was born in Es.sex County, 
 Ma.ss., in 1783; .several years a member of the 
 State senate and house of representatives; elected 
 a Representative to the Seventeenth ( 'ongress from 
 Massachusetts as a Democrat; diedatSt. Augustine, 
 Fla., March 26, 1852. 
 
 Bartlioldt, Richard, of St. Louis, Mo., was 
 burn in Germany November 2, 1855; came to this 
 country when a boy; received a classical education; 
 learned the printing trade and has remained a 
 newspaper man ever since; connected with several 
 Eastern pa]>ers as reporter, legislative correspoml- 
 ent, and editor, and was at the time of his election 
 to Congress editor in chief of the St. Louis Tribune; 
 elected to the board of public schools of St. Louis, 
 and in Novemlier, 1891, chosen its president; 
 electeil to the Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, 
 Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses, and 
 reelected to the Fifty-eighth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican. 
 
 Bartine, Horace F. , of Carson City, Nev., was 
 born in New Y'ork City, N. Y., March 21, 1848; 
 attended the common schools until 15 years of age; 
 at the age of 15 enlisted as a private soldier in the 
 Eighth New Jersey Regiment, serving during the 
 last two years of the late civil war; wounded in 
 the breast at the battle of the Wilderness, lint 
 speedily recovered and rejoined his regiment; 
 participated in nearly all the jirincipal engage- 
 ments in which the Army of the Potomac was 
 engaged until the surrender at Appomattox; in 
 1869 removed to Nevada; during the greater part 
 of the time from 1869 to 1876 engaged as a mill 
 hand and in the manufactni'o of sulphate of copper 
 for milling purposes, endeavoring in the mean- 
 time, by studying nights, to supply the defects in 
 his e<lucation; in 1876 began the study of law, 
 devoting his evenings to that i)urpose; in 18.S0 
 
380 
 
 CONOKESSIONAI. OIKKCToUY 
 
 nittiMl til the bar; pnu'tircd in all the roi 
 ti- anil Fcdi-nil, within the Stale of Nev 
 
 urts, 
 a<la: 
 
 ailniitti 
 Stat( 
 
 ."ervi'il one term ol two years as ilistrict attorney 
 of Orinsliy Couiily; eleeteil to the Kifty-tirst (.'on- 
 givs!< a.s a Keimhhean; reeleeted to tlie Fifty- 
 second ('on);ress. 
 
 Bartlett, Bailey, was horn at llaverliill, Mass., 
 in IT.'iO; reeeived a piihhc school edueation; cK'rk 
 in lii.s father's store; inendjer of thi' State honse 
 of representatives 17S1-178S; deelined a reelection 
 in 17S4; deleirale to the State convention to ratify 
 the I'Vcieral Constitution in 1787; in 17SS a^ain a 
 n\enil)er of the State honse of rei)resentatives and 
 in 1789 of the State senate: in 1789 appointeii ; 
 lii^li slieriff of I'.ssex County ami held the ollice ! 
 over forty years consecutively, except between 
 Decendier ">, ISU, and January LM, isrj, when 
 for political reasons he was removed liy (iovernor 
 (ierry and appointed county treasurer i)y theconi- 
 niissionersot Kssex County; elected a Hi^jiresenta- 
 tive from Massai-husetts to the Fifth Connress (in 
 place of Theophilns Bradbury, resitjned) as a 
 Federalist; reelected to the Sixth Congress; dele- 
 gate to the Stati- constitutional convention in 1820; 
 ■ lied at Haverhill, Mass., ScpteMd)er 9, 1,S30. 
 
 Bartlett, Charles Lafayette, of Macon, (ia., 
 was born at Monticello, .lasper County, (ia., on 
 January i>l, 1S5,S; moved from Monticello to Macon 
 in lS7.'i; educated in the scduiols at Monticello, the 
 I'liiversity of (;eoi};ia, and the I'nivcTsity of Vir- 
 frinia; ^raduateil from the rniversilyol (ieorjiia in 
 August, IS70; stuilicd law at the I'niversity of Vir- 
 jiinia and ailmitted to the liar in August, 187L'; ap- 
 pointed solicitor-^'neral ( pro.secutin;; attorney) for 
 the Macon judicial court January 31, 1877, and 
 ."crved in that caiiacity until Janiiarv HI, 18S1; 
 elected to the house of representativesof Georjiia in 
 ISSL' and 18,s:i, and again in 1884 and 188."S, and to the 
 State ,«enale In 1888aiid 1889, from the Twenty- 
 sci-ond senatorial clislrict; elected jud^'e of the 
 superior court of the .Macon circuit Januarv 1. 
 1891!, and resigned thatolhccMav 1, 189-1; elected 
 to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-lifth,' Fifty-sixth, ami 
 Fifty-seventh Congresses, and rcelecteil t<i the 
 Fifty-eighth Congress, as a Peinocrat. 
 
 Bartlett, Franklin, of Xew York City, N. Y., 
 was horn in Worcester County, Ma.ss., September 
 19, 1847; graduated from the Brooklyn I'olytech- 
 nic Institute in June, IStvS, and entered Harvard 
 College, from which he graduated in June, ISliO; 
 entered the Columbia College Law School in the 
 autumn of IStiil, and studied at such school until 
 June, 187(1; admitted to the bar upon examination 
 by the gi'iieral term in 187(1; student at Kxeter 
 College, Oxford Iniversity, Kngland, in 1870-71; 
 in 1872-73 concluded the second year of law I 
 school course at Columbia College l-aw School 
 and received the ilcgrce of LL. B. ; in 1878 
 received the ]iostgraduale degree of Doctor of 
 Philosophy at Harvard Cniversity, ami didivereil 
 the postgraduate oration at the conuneiuement in 
 Candiridge; in l.SiK) served as a mendier of the 
 constitutional <'omndssion of the Static of New 
 York; delegate from New York to the l>eniocratic 
 national convention in 1892 at Chicago; elected to | 
 the Fifty-third Congress as the noniintH> of the j 
 Oemocnilic i>arly; reelected to the Fifty-foutlh 
 Congress. 
 
 Bartlett. Ichabod, was born July 24. 178(i, at 
 Salisburv, N.ll.; gradnateil at Hartmonth in 1808; 
 stuilieil iaw ami in 1811 ailmitteil to the bar; com- 
 menced |ira<'ticing nt Jlurham, but in I81t> moved 
 to Port.smouth; menilH-r of the Stale house of rep- 
 ri'sentjitives in 1820 and 1821, .serving the liust year 
 
 its speaker; elected a Kepre.sentative from New 
 Hampshire to tin- Kighteenlh Congress as an Anti- 
 Democrat; reelei-ted to tin- Nineteenth and Twen- 
 tieth Congres.ses; in I8;i0 again a mendier of the 
 State honse ol reiiresenlalives; difeated for gover- 
 nor in 18152; mendier of the Stale house <if repre- 
 sentatives 18.18. 1,8.51, and 18.52; mendierof the State 
 constitutional convention in 18.50; died Oetolwr 19, 
 185;{, at I'ortsniouth, N. H. 
 
 Bartlett, Josiah, was born Novend>er21, 1727 
 (old style), at .\meslmry, Ma.ss.; received a pnblic 
 school education; studied medicine and began 
 practice at Kingston; tilleil .■several local olliccs 
 under the royal government; delegjite from New 
 Hampshire to the Continental Congress in 177,5; 
 .second signer of the Declaration of Independence; 
 resigned 1n 1788 ami lie<ame chief justice of the 
 .^tate; in 1789 elected to the Cnited States Senate 
 from New Hampshire, but declined, and at the 
 same time resigned as chief justice; elected pres- 
 ident of the State of New Hampshire in 17i)0; 
 nieuilHT of the constitutional convention of 1792 
 (which substituted the title of governor for that of 
 president I and wiLs first governor of New Hamp- 
 shire; died at Kingston, N. H., May 19, 179.5. 
 
 Bartlett, Josiah, jr. (a son of Dr. Josiah Bart- 
 lett i, was born December ll>, 1788, at Kingston, 
 N. H.; studieil medicine and began practicing at 
 Slralham, N. H.; 1 'resilient iai elector on the 
 \\ashington ticket in 179.S. and again in 1825 on 
 the John (Juincy .\dams ticket; elected a Kepre- 
 sentative from New Hampshire In the Twelfth 
 Congre.'^s; died April 14, l,s;}8, at Stratliani, N. H. 
 
 Bartlett, Thomas, jr., was born June 18, 1808, 
 at .'>utton, Vt.; received a public .M'hool education; 
 studied law and in 1833 began practicing at 
 (iroton; State's allornev for Caleilonia County 
 1839-1842; member of the Stale senate in 184*1 
 and 1842 and of the house of representatives 1849, 
 18.50, l,s.54, and 18.5.5; delegate to the Stale consti- 
 tutional convention in 18.50 and 1S.57; elected a 
 Kepresentative from Vermont to the Thirty-second 
 Congress as a Democrat; defeated for re-election 
 to the Thirty-third Congress; resumed the prac- 
 tice of his profession, and died at Lyndon, Vt., 
 Septendier 8, 187ii. 
 
 Bartley, Mordecai, was born December 16, 
 1783, in Fayette County, I'a. ; attended school in 
 Virginia; moved to (lliio in ISOlt and became a 
 fanner at Manslield; served in the war of 1812 as 
 captain; State senator 1S17-1S; register of the land 
 ollice 1818-1823; elected a Ke|iresentalive from 
 Ohio to the Kighteenlh. Nineteenth, Twentieth, 
 and Twentv-lirst Congresses; governor of Ohio 
 1844-1846; flied October 10, 1870, at Manstield, 
 Ohio. 
 
 Barton, David, w:is a native of Waco County, 
 Ky.. moved with his parents to I he Territory of Mi.s- 
 s<iuri; member of the <'onvention which formed a 
 Stale in 1820; Cnited Stales Senator from Mis- 
 souri from Decend>i'r.3, 1821, to March .3, 1831; 
 dieil near Boonville, Mo.. Se])tend>er 28, 1837. 
 
 Barton, Richard W., was iu\live of Virginia 
 and served se\ eral terms in the Virginia State legis- 
 lature; electccl a Kepre.sentative from Virginia to 
 the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig; dieil in 
 Fnderick Comity, Va., Jfarch 15, 18,5!i. 
 
 Barton, Samuel, was a native of New Yi>rk 
 ."^tate; received a coninion-school t-dncation and 
 si-rvtvl three terms in the Stale legislature; elected 
 a Heiiresentative from New York to the Twenty- 
 fourtli Congress. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 381 
 
 Barwig:, Charles, of Mayville, Wis., was born 
 in Hesse-Darmstailt, Germany, March 19, 1837; 
 emigrated to this country with his parents in 1845, 
 locating at Alilwaukee; graduated from the Spen- 
 cerian Business College in 1857; located at May- 
 ville in 18()fj; elected to the Fifty-first Congress as 
 a Democrat, reelected to the Fifty-second and 
 Fifty-third Congresses. 
 
 Bashford, Coles, was l)orn January 24, 1816, 
 nearCold Springs, N. Y. ; educated at the Wesleyan 
 Seminary, now Genesee College, Lima, N. Y.; 
 studied law and in 1841 admitted to the bar; dis- 
 trict attorney fur Wayne County 1847-1850; re- 
 signed in 1850 and moved to Oshkosh, Wi.s. ; 
 member of the Wisconsin State senate 1852-1854, 
 resigning in 1855; governor 1855-1858; moved in 
 1863 to Arizona and became attorney-general of 
 Arizona 1864-1867; presiding officer of the first 
 Territorial council of Arizona; elected a Delegate 
 from Arizona to the Fortieth Congress as an Inde- 
 pendent; in 1869 appointed secretary of Arizona, 
 which position he held for several years; died at 
 Prescott, Ariz., April 25, 1878. 
 
 Bass, liyman K. , was born November 13, 1836, 
 at Aldel, N. Y.; graduated from Union College in 
 1856; admitted to the bar at Buffalo in 1858; dis- 
 trict attorney for Erie County 1865-1872; renomi- 
 nated and declined; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Forty-third Congress as a Re- 
 publican; reelected to the Forty-fourth Congress; 
 during his terms in Congi'ess served on commit- 
 tees on Railroads and Canals, Claims, Expendi- 
 tures in the War Department, and on the .Joint 
 Select Committee to inquire into the affairs of the 
 District of Columbia; in 1872 formed a partnership 
 with S. Bissell, to which Cirover Cleveland was 
 admitted in 1874; in 1876 retired from the firm 
 on account of failing health and moved to Colo- 
 rado Spring.^, Colo., becoming general counsel of 
 the Denvei' and Rio Grande Railroad Company; 
 died at New York City May 11, 1889. 
 
 Bassett, Burwell, was born in New Kent 
 County, Va., in 1764; served in the Virginia legis- 
 lature for several years; elected a Representative 
 from Virginia to the Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and 
 Twelfth Congresses as a Democrat; defeated for 
 the Thirteenth Congress by Thomas M. Bailey, 
 whose election he unsuccessfully contested; elected 
 to the Fourteenth Congress by 47 majority and 
 reelected to the Fifteenth; again elected to the 
 Seventeenth Congress and reelected to the Eight- 
 eenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses; 
 defeated as a Democratic candidate for the Twenty- 
 first Congress by Richard Coke, jr.; died in New- 
 Kent County, Va., February 26, 1841. 
 
 Bassett, Richard, was a, native of Delaware; 
 admitted to the bar and practiced; delegate from 
 Delaware to the convention which framed the 
 Constitution of the United States in 1787; United 
 States Senator from Delaware from starch 4, 1789, 
 to March 2, 1793; Presidential elector in 1797 and 
 voted for .John Adams for President; governor of 
 Delaware 1798-1801; died September 18, 1815. 
 
 Bate, William B., of Nashville, Tenn., was 
 born near Castalian Spring, Tenn.; received an 
 academic education; when (juite a youth served 
 as second clerk on a steamboat between Nashville 
 and New Orleans; served as a private througliout 
 the Mexican war in Lousiana and Tennessee regi- 
 ments, a year after returning from the Mexican 
 war elected to the Tennessee legislature; gradu- 
 ated from the Lebanon Law School in 1852 and 
 entered u|)on the jiractice of his profession at Gal- 
 
 latin, Tenn.; in 1854 elected attorney-general for 
 the Nashville district for six years; during term 
 of office nominated for Congress, but declined; 
 Presidential elector in 1860 on the Breckinridge- 
 Lane ticket; private, captain, colonel, brigadier 
 and major-general in the Confederate service, sur- 
 rendering with the Army of the Tennessee in 1865; 
 three times dangerously wounded; after the close 
 of the war returned to Tennessee and resumed the 
 practice of law; delegate to the Democratic na- 
 tional convention in 1868; served on the national 
 Democratic executive committee for Tennessee 
 twelve years; elector for the State at large on the 
 Tilden "and Hendricks ticket in 1876; in 1882 
 elected governor of Tennessee and reelected with- 
 out opposition in 1884; in January, 1887. elected to 
 the Ignited States Senate as a Democrat to succeed 
 AVashington C. Whitthorne, ami toiik his seat 
 :\Iarch 4, 1887; reelected in 1893 and again in 1899. 
 
 Bateman, Ephraim, was born at Cedarville, 
 N. J., in 1770; .studied medicine while an ap- 
 prentice to a machinist and practiced at Cedarville; 
 served in the State legislature; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New Jersey to the Fourteenth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; reelected to the Fifteenth, 
 Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Congresses; elected to 
 the council of the State legislature, and as its presi- 
 dent gave in 1826 the casting vote which elected 
 him to the United States Senate against T. Freling- 
 huysen; served in the United States Senate from 
 Decemlier 7, 1826, until he resigned in Januarv, 
 1829; died at Cedarville, N. J., January 29, 1829". 
 
 Bates. Arthur I.aban, of Meadville, Pa., was 
 born at Meadville, Pa., June 6, 1859; son of Sam B. 
 Bates, LL. D., and S. Josepliine Bates; graduated 
 from Alleghen V College in 1880; admitted to the bar 
 in 1882; elected citv solicitor of Meadville in 1889, 
 1890, 1892, and 1894; elected to the Fifty-seventh 
 and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Bates, Edward, was born September 1, 1793, 
 at Belmont, Goochland County, Va.; educated at 
 Charlotte Hall Academy, Maryland, and in 1812' 
 obtained a midshijiman's warrant but was pre- 
 vented from going to sea by his mother; served 
 as sergeant in the winter of 1812 and 1813 in a 
 volunteer brigade; in 1814 moved to St. Louis; 
 studied law and in 1817 admitted to the bar; cir- 
 cuit prosecuting attorney in 1818; member of the 
 convention which f(jrmed the State constitution 
 in 1820; State's attorney in 1820; member of the 
 State house of representatives iu 1822; I'nited 
 States district attorney 1821-1826; elected a Rep- 
 resentative fi'om Missoiu'i to the Twentieth Con- 
 gress as an Adams anti-Democrat; defeated for 
 reelection to the Twenty-first Congi-e.ss; member 
 of the State senate in 18;W, and of the State house 
 of representatives in 1834; declined a Cabinet seat 
 tendered him by President Fillmore; in 18.56 pre- 
 sided at the national Whig convention at Balti- 
 more; appointed Attorney-General by President 
 Lincoln and served from March, 1801, to Septem- 
 ber, 1864; died at St. Louis, Mo., March 25, 1869. 
 
 Bates, Isaac C, was born May 14, 1780, at 
 Granville, Mass.; graduated in 1802 from Yale Col- 
 lege; admitted to the bar and began practicing at 
 Northampton; served .several yeai^a in the State 
 senate and house of representatives; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Massachusetts to the Twentieth 
 Congress as an anti-Jackson man; reelected to the 
 Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third 
 Congresses; declined a reelection; Presidential 
 elector from Massachusetts in 1837 and 1841; 
 elected a United States Senator (in place of John 
 
882 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTORY. 
 
 Davis, n'sitincdl and sorvod from .laiuiary, 1S41, 
 until Ills (ii'atli, at Wasliinfrtoii, |i. ('., Maicli l(i, 
 IS4.-.. 
 
 Bates, James, was a native (il Maiiu'; stuilivil 
 nieiliciiu'; physician at tlu'Aiij;nslainsiiiiua.syliini; 
 uiovi'il to Kiirriilffcwock an<l iIcvdIoI nnu'li liint- i 
 to afrriiultiiral |mi-suits; eilitud tlic Dcniocrat Soin- 
 i'i"si't Kojiuhliran; I'li'cliil a Ui'prfscntativf Iroiii 
 I\laiiii' to tho Twoiitv-Sfcoiul Coiikh'SS, serving 
 from DecenilxT .5, lS;{i, to March :i, Ks;!3. 
 
 Bates, James Woodson, wasa nativcof ( looch- 
 laiul ("oiinty, \'a.: nmvcil lo Arkansas Territory; 
 eleeteil a ilelejtate ti> the Sixteenth ami Seven- 
 teenth ('on);res.ses; after tln' expiration of his term 
 in Congress appointeil a judfie of the sujirenie court 
 of Arkansas; clieil .laiiuarv I'd, 1S47, at Van Buren, 
 Ark. 
 
 Bates, Martin W., was horn February 24, 1787, 
 at Salishury, Conn. ; receiveil a thoroufrh Knglish 
 eihication; inoveil to Delaware ami taii;;ht scliool; 
 Ptudieil nieiliciiie and later studied law; admitted 
 to llu' bar; mendier of the State constiliilioiial 
 convention in KSoO; elected a I'nited States Senator 
 from Delaware to fill the vacancy caused hy the 
 «leafh of John M. Clayton, as a Democrat, and 
 Ferveil from December (i, 1S.=)S, to March 8, 1859; 
 died at Dover, Del., .laiuiary 1. IStiil. 
 
 Baxter, Portus, was a native of BrowninRton, 
 \'t.; attended the public schools: Presiilential 
 elector on the Scott ticket in 1852, and in 185H on 
 the Fremont ticket; elected a Kepre.sentative from 
 Vermont as a Kepublican to the Thirty-seventh 
 Congress; reelected to the Thirty-eisihlh and 
 Tliirtv-ninth Coiijrre.sses; died at Washinirtou. 
 D. ('.", Mar.h ■». 18li!t. 
 
 Bay, William V. N., was a native of New York; 
 altiT receiviiii.' a public school education moved to 
 Missouri and locatuil at I'nion, Newton County; 
 elected a Kepresentative from Missouri to the 
 Thirly-lirst Coiii;ress as a Denlocrat. 
 
 Bayard, James A. (son of .Tames A. Bayard and 
 father of Thomas Kraiu'is Bayard K was liorn No- 
 vember 15, 17!i!t, at Wilmington, l)el.; received a 
 cla.ssieal education; adndtted to the bar and bcfran 
 practicingat Wilmington; in 1851 eleeteil a fnited 
 ."^tates Senator from Delaware as a Democrat; n- 
 elected in 18.")7 and ag-aiii in ISii:!, serving from 
 December 1, 1851, until he ri'signed .January SO, 
 18(>4; appointeda Cniteil States Senator as a Dem- 
 ocrat (to till the vacancy occa.sioned by the ileath 
 of (ieoi-ge Head Kiddle), and subseiinently elected 
 bv the legislature to complete theunexpire<l term, 
 serving f 11 111! April II, 18117, to March :>, I8()ll; dele- 
 gate to the national Democratic convention at New 
 York in 18tjS; died at Wilmington, Del., .hine l;i, 
 1880. 
 
 Bayard, James Asheton (lather of .Tames .V. 
 Bavard and Kicbard II. Bayard and L'randfather 
 of Vhonias I'l-ancis iiayard 1. was born at I'hiladel- 
 phia. I'a, .Tilly 2s, 17i>7; pursuing ela.s-ical studies, 
 graduated from I'rincetoii College in IJ.M; studied 
 law under tieii. .biseph Keinl; admitted to the 
 i)ar, commencing practii'e at Wilmington, Del.; 
 deiline<l the offer a.s minister to France under 
 I'resideiit .\dains; elei-te<l u Hepresentative from 
 Delawan- to the Fifth Cimgre.ss as a Federalist; 
 ni'leiti'd to the Sixth ami .Sventh Coiigres-'«'s; 
 elected a liiited Statis Senator from Delaware (in 
 place of William Mill Wells. n>sigiu'd), serving 
 from .laiuiary 15. l,S05,to March 3, 181.{; appointed 
 one of the eoinini.ssion to negotiate peace with 
 Great Britain; went to Ktiro|H' in 1814 and aided 
 
 ill negotiating the treaty of (ihent; declineil the 
 appointment of minister to Russia in 1815; died 
 at \Vilmington, .\ngust (i, IH15. 
 
 Bayard, John, wits born .\ugust 11. 17.>8, in 
 Cecil County, Md.; received an acailemic educa- 
 tion; moved to I'ennsylvania and lo<ate<l at I'liila- 
 ilelphia, where he became engaged in mercantile 
 pursuits; elected several times as a member of the 
 IVnnsylvania a.-'.sembly, serving several years as 
 speaker; major of the .S'conil llattalioii of I'hila- 
 delphia Vnluntcers, which he commanded at the 
 battle of Trenton; Delegate from I'ennsylvania to 
 the Continental Congress 17S5-1787; in 178s moved 
 to New Brunswick; iH'came mayor, also judge of 
 the court of common pleas; dii'il ,lanuary 7, 1807, 
 at New lirunswirk. N. ,1. 
 
 Bayard, Richard H., was born at Wilming- 
 ton, Del., in 17!t(l; graduated from I'rinceton Col- 
 lege in 1814; admitted to the bar and practiced 
 law; elected a Fnited States .Senator as a Whig 
 (to till a vacancy occasioned by the resignation of 
 .\riiold Naudin), serving from .June '-'0, 18.!l), to 
 Seiitember, I8.'ii), when lu' resigned to become 
 chief justice of Delaware; again eU'cted to the 
 Fnited States Senate, serving from Decembers. 
 I8:W, to March :{. I.S45: eliaigi' d'affaiivs to Bel- 
 gium December 10, 1850, and servnl until Sep- 
 tember 12, 1.S5:!; died at I'hiladelphia Manli 4, 
 1.8tiS. 
 
 Bayard, Thomas Francis, of Wilmiiigio;i. 
 Del., was liorii at "Wilmington. Del.. Octolvr 2(1, 
 1828; ehietly educated at the Flushing School, es- 
 tablishecl by Kev. Dr. F. L, Hawks, and although 
 his early training was for a mercantile life, stiiilied 
 and adopted the profession of law; admitted to the 
 bar in l.'<51,aiid excepting the yeai's lS55and l.'<.5ti, 
 when he resided in I'hiladel|)hia, always prac- 
 ticeil in bis native city ; in 1.^5:! appointed Fnited 
 Stiites district attorney for Delaware, but resignol 
 in 1854: electeti to the Fnili'd States Senate aj< a 
 Democrat to sncceeil .lames A. Bayard ( his lather); 
 took his seat March 4. 18li!l; reelected in 1875; 
 member of the i'.lectoral Commission in 187<>; re- 
 elected to the Fniteil States Senate in 1N81 ; elected 
 I'resideiit i>ro tempore of the Senate in 18.S1: re- 
 signed in 18S5; Secretary of State ISS5-18,><ii, in 
 rresideiit Cleveland's I'abinet: amba.s.s;idor to the 
 Court of St. James l.s!l:{-18!l7; died at the home of 
 his daughter iu Dtslham, Ma.ss., September 28, 
 1898. 
 
 Bayard. William, was a native of New York; 
 member of as.*enibly in 17l>4; Delegate from New 
 York to the Colonial Congress which met at New- 
 York October 7. 17»>.5. 
 
 Bayley, Thomas, was Imrniii .Smnerset County, 
 Md.; received a classical education, graduating 
 from I'rinceton College in 17m: elected a Kepre- 
 sentalive from Maryland to the Fiftifiith. Six- 
 teenth, ami Sevi'iiteenth Congres,st>s. 
 
 Bayley, Thomas Henry (son of Thomas M. 
 Bavlv), was born Deiember II, 1810, iu Aceomac 
 Coliiitv, \a.; graduateil from the Fniversity of 
 Virginia; studied law, admitted to the bar in ISJiO, 
 and commenced prai'tice; memlHT of the State a.s- 
 semblv 18;!5-1,'<40, resigningon iH'ingelected judge 
 of the'circuit court; elected a Kel>re,sfntativ.- Iroiii 
 Virginia to the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Dem- 
 ocrat (to till a vacaiuy oc<-asioned by the n-signa- 
 tioii of llenrv .\. Wise); reelecte<l to the Twenty- 
 ninth, Thirtieth, Thirty -tirst.Thirt y-.s(vi>iid. Thirty 
 thinl. and Thirty-fourth Coiigrt'.ss«'s, st-rvini.- until 
 his death, which iwjMirred June 23, 185lj, at his 
 home in Aceomac (%iiiity. 
 
BIOGKAPHIES. 
 
 383 
 
 Baylies, Francis ( In-other nl' William Baylies), 
 was liiirii Oi'tcilifi- It), 17S3, at Tauiitini, Ma.«s.; re- 
 ceived a liberal eduratinn; stiiilied law with his 
 brother William Baylies; admitted to the bar and 
 practiced; rej;ister of probate (or Bristol County 
 1812-1820; elected a Representative from Massa- 
 chusetts to the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Con- 
 gresses, and to the Nineteenth Congress on the 
 second trial; commissioned charge d'affaires to the 
 Argentine Republic January 3, 18:?2, and received 
 his passports Septembers, 1832; died October 28, 
 1852, at Taunton, ^h^ss. 
 
 Baylies, William (brother of Francis Baylies), 
 was born October 16, 1783, at Taunton, Mass.; 
 studied law, admitted to the bar, and began prac- 
 tic(> at \\'est Bridgewater; member of the State 
 legislature 1808-9, 1812-13, 1820-21, 1830-31, and 
 of the State senate 1825-2ti: elected a Representa- 
 tive from Massachusetts to the Eleventh Congress 
 as a War Democrat, and took his seat May, 1809 
 (but the House declared that his opponent, Charles 
 Turner, jr.. Peace camiidate, to liave been elected 
 at a (irevious election, which the governor of IMas- 
 sachusetts had declared void, and gave Turner the 
 seat June 28, 1809); elected to the Thirteenth, 
 Fourteenth. and Twenty-third Congresses; defeatecl 
 candidate for reelection to the Twenty-fourth Con- 
 gress; died September 27, 1865, at Taunton, Mass. 
 
 Baylor, R. E. B. , was elected a Representative 
 from Alal>amato the Twenty-first Congress. 
 
 Bayly, Thomas M., was born in Accomac 
 County, Va., September 2. 1775; gniduated from 
 Princeton College in 1794; entered i)ublic life in 
 1798 and served several years in each of the two 
 houses of the State legislature as a Democrat; 
 elected a Representative from Virginia to the 
 Thirteenth Congress, .serving from May 24, 181;! to 
 March 3, 1815; again reelected to the' State legis- 
 lature and served several terms; ilied in Accomac 
 County, \'a., January 6, 1834. 
 
 Bayne, Thomas M., of the city of Allegheny, 
 Pa.; born in that city June 14, 1,S.36; educated in 
 the public schools and at Westminister College; 
 entered the Union Army in July, 1862, as colonel 
 of the One hundred and thirty-sixth Regiment of 
 Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, which he com- 
 manded during its nine months' term of service, 
 taking part in the battles of Fredericksburg and 
 Chancellorsville; resumed the reading of law in 
 1865, and admitted to the bar of Allegheny Countv 
 in .\pril, 1866; elected district attorney "for Alle- 
 gheny County in October, 1870, and held the office 
 until January 1, 1874; nominated by the Repul)- 
 hcan party for the Forty-fourth Congress, and 
 defeated; elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, and 
 reelected to the Forty-sixth, Forty-.seventh, Forty- 
 eighth, Forty-ninth,' Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Coii- 
 gres.ses as a Repulilican; died June 14, 1894. 
 
 Beach, Clifton Bailey, of Cleveland, Ohio, 
 nas born at Sharon, Medina Countv, Ohio, Sep- 
 tember 16, 1845; moved to Cleveland in 1857; 
 educated in the connnon schools and at Western 
 Reserve College, class of 1871; admitted to the 
 bar in 1872; retireil from active practice in 1SS4, 
 having become extensively engaged in manufac- 
 turing enterprises; nominated for Congress by 
 acclamation ami elected to the Fifty-l'ourth and 
 Fifty-fifth Congresses as a Reiiublican. 
 
 Beach, Lewis, of Cornwall, N. Y., was born in 
 the city of New York ^hlrch 30, 1835; graduated 
 trom the Yale Law School in 1856; adniitted to 
 the bar the same year, and began tlie practice of 
 law ni New York," in 18^11 took up liis residence 
 
 in Orange County, N. Y. ; member and treasurer of 
 the Democratic State central committee 1877-1879; 
 placed on the electoral ticket for 1.S80, but resigned 
 on receiving his nomination for ('ongress; elected 
 to the Forty-seventh Congress as a Democrat and 
 reelected to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth 
 Congresses; died in November, 1886. 
 
 Beale, Charles L., was born at Canaan, N. Y., 
 March 5, 1824; received a classical education, 
 graduating from Union College in 1844; studied 
 law; ailmitted to the bar in 1849, and liegan ])rac- 
 tice at Kinderhook, N. Y.; elected a Representa- 
 tive from New York to the Thirty-sixth Congress 
 as a Republican; defeated lor reelection to the 
 i Thirty-seventh Congress; Presidential elector in 
 1864; delegate to the national Union convention 
 at Philadelphia in 1,S66. 
 
 Beale, James M. H., was born in Virginia; 
 resided at Point Pleasant; elected a Represent- 
 ative from Virginia to the Twenty-thinl Con- 
 gress; reelected to the Twenty-fourth Congress 
 without ojiposition; again elected to the Thirty- 
 first Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the 
 Thirty-second Congress. 
 
 Beale, Richard Lee Turberville, of Hague, 
 Va., was liorn in Westmoreland County, Va., May 
 22, 1819; educated in private .schools in West- 
 moreland County, Northumberland .\cademy, and 
 Rappahannock Academy, in Virginia, and Dick- 
 j inson College, Pennsylvania; studied law, gradu- 
 I ating from the University of Virginia in 1837; ad- 
 mitted to the bar and has since ]vracticed the 
 profession; Representative from Virginia in the 
 ('ongress of the Ihiited States 1S47-184H; member 
 of the convention to form a constitution for Vir- 
 ginia in 1851; member of the State senate of 
 Virginia 18.58-18ti0; lieutenant of cavalry in the 
 service of Virginia in May and June, 1861, captain 
 July to Septend)er, and major October to April, 
 1862; in the service of the Confederate States as 
 lieutenant-colonel from April to October, 1862, 
 colonel from October, 1862, to Feliruary, 1865, 
 brigadier-general from February to A])ril, 18ti5; 
 elected on the 23d of January^ 1879, to fill the 
 vacancy in the Forty-fifth Congress caused by the 
 death of E. B. Douglas; had i)reviously been 
 elected, in Novendjer, 1878, to the Forty-sixth 
 Congress as a Democrat; after leaving Congress 
 retired to his home near Hague, Westmoreland 
 County, Va., and practiced law; died April 21, 1893. 
 
 Beall, Reazin, was born in Pennsylvania 
 August 10, 1770; appointed ensign in the U. S. 
 Army March 7, 1792, and battalion (luartermaster 
 1793; served under Oeneral Wayne in his cam- 
 paign against the Indians; moved to Wooster, 
 Ohio, and became brigadier-general of volunteei's 
 in 1812; elected a Representative from Ohio to 
 the Thirteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 
 1813, to November, 1814, when he resigned; died 
 at Wooster, Ohio, February 20, 1843. 
 
 Beaman, Fernando C, was liorn at Chester, 
 Vt., June 28, 1814; received a liberal education; 
 studied and practiced law; prosecuting attorney 
 for Lenawee County, Mich., six years; four years 
 judge of ])robate; l'resid(>ntial elector in !8.')6; 
 elected a Reprcsi'ntative from ilichigan to the 
 Thirty-.seventh Congress as a Republican; reelected 
 t<i the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-uiutli, Fortieth, anil 
 Forty-first Congresses. 
 
 Bean, Benning M., was born in New Hamp- 
 shire in 1782; received a liberal education; mem- 
 ber of the State U'gishiture for five years and presi- 
 ilent of the State senate in 1832; in 1829memberof 
 
;?S4 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 tlic fxocntivc coiiiicil: eUfted a Hi-pn-sentative 
 Iroin New llatiipsliirc to tin- Twi'iity-tliinl aiul 
 Tweiity-t'diirtli ( 'onuresses. 
 
 Bean, Curtis C, <>{ Pri'scott. Ariz., w.is I mm at 
 ramwortli. N. II., ,Iaiuiary 4, IHL'S; cilmatiHl at 
 l'liilli|is .VcatU'iiiy, Kxt-tiT, N. H.; stiulie<l law; 
 ailmitli'd ti) the l>ar in Tennessee in ISti'i; ap- 
 iMiinted l)y (Juvernor Browiilow attorney-general 
 tor the eleventh juilie^al eireisit of Tenneis-iee in 
 l.Sti.i; reprefented Williainwin, Maury, and U'wis 
 eoiinties in the Tennes-iee leKit^latiire in IStitl-ti"; 
 went to .\rizoiia in ,Iuiie, KSti.S; nienilier of the 
 ujiper house in the tenth le;;islative asseinlily of 
 Arizona in 1.S71I; nominated i)y aeelauialion in the 
 Kepuhliean convention held at Tonll)^'toIle in Sep- 
 tember, 1S>(4, and elected to the Forty- ninth Con- 
 j;re.<.-i a.-* a Kepuhliean. 
 
 Beardsley, Samuel, wiu-iborninOtsogoConnty, 
 N. Y.; received an academic education; studied 
 law; a<lmitted to the bar. and be;;an practicinj; at 
 Home; nu'mber of the State senate, hut resit:ned 
 in 1S22 to be chosen lirst judfre of Oneida County; 
 elected a Hepre.sentative from New York to the 
 Twenty-second ( 'onjj;resa sis a Democrat; reelected 
 to the Twenty-third anil Twenty-fourth Con- 
 gresses, but resigneil July 4, 18.'5li, to accept the 
 appointment as circuit judge; in l,s;5tiattorney-gen- 
 eral of the State of New York; at:ain electeil a Kep- 
 resentalive from New York to the Twenty-eighth 
 Congre.ss, serving until March i>, IS44, when he 
 resigned to accept the position as associate judge 
 of the supreme court; made chief justice in 1847, 
 but declined a new term of service under the new 
 constitution; died at Utica, X. Y., May 6, IStiO. 
 
 Beatty, John, was lH)rn in Bucks County, Pa., 
 Ueceniher lit. 174!*; graduated at Princeton College 
 in 17t>9; studied medicine at Philadelphia umler 
 Dr. Kusli and afterwards [iracticed; entered the 
 Revolutionary .\rmy in 177(), an<l had attainiMl the 
 rank of lieutenant-colonel w hen he was made pris- 
 oner at the surrender of Port Washington; after 
 having beenexchangeii was appointed commi.-^sary- 
 generalof i)nsonei-s, with the rank of colonel, .May 
 2S, 177S; resigned March iil, 1780, and resumed 
 the practice of medicine at Trenton, X. J.; Dele- 
 gate to the Continental Congress from the State of 
 New .Fersey, .serving from .January Pi, 17,H4, to .June 
 H, 1784, and from November II, 1784, to Xovem- 
 IxT 7, 178.5; inend)er of the State convention that 
 adopted the Federal Constitution; elected a Kep- 
 resentative from New .Jersey to the Third Con- 
 gress; secretary id state of New .Jersey 17!'5-180.t; 
 mendieroi the State senate and house of repre- 
 sentatives forseveral years, .servingtwice iis speaker 
 of the house; president of the Trenton Bank 181.5- 
 182li; ilie<l at Trenton, N. .1., May ;!0, l,S2(i. 
 
 Beatty, John, was born near Sandusky City, 
 Ohio, Deci'inlKT l(i, 1828; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; engaged inthe hanking busine.^-i; Kepuhliean 
 Presidential elector in 18(i0; at the beginning of 
 the civil war voliniteereil as private in the Tliird 
 ( )hio Infantry, and appointed lieutenant-colonel in 
 18til; in .sevend battles in We.st Virginia; promoted 
 colonel in 18ii2. anil took a prominent oart in the 
 campaigns in the Southwest; comtnanded a regi- 
 ment at Perryville an<l a brigade at ,'^tone Kiver; 
 lonnnissioneil brigadu-r-genenil in b'^'iS. and com- 
 manilcd a brigaile at Tullahoma, Chiikamauga. 
 and Marion Kidiie; elected a Kepresentative from 
 Ohio to the Fortieth Congress (to eomplet* the 
 unexpired term of C. 8. Hamilton, dece«»e<l); n- 
 elected to the Forty-lirst and Forty-second Con- 
 gresses as a Kepulilican. 
 
 Beatty, William, wa.«bornin Ireland; received 
 a lilH'ral education; located at Butler, Pa.; held 
 several local ollices; electe<la Kepresi-ntative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Twenly-lifth Congre.ss as a 
 Van Bnren Democrat; reelected to the Twenty- 
 sixth Congri'.ss. 
 
 Beaty, Martin, was born in the State of Ken- 
 tucky; elected a Kepresentative from that State to 
 the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig, ilefeating 
 tiaithcr and T. J. .Marshall; defeated as a Whig 
 candidate for the Twenty-fourth Congri'ss; died at 
 Southfork, Ky. 
 
 Beaumont, Andrew, was born in Pennsylva- 
 nia; reieivcd a liberal education; electeda Ke|)rc- 
 sentalive from Pennsylvania to the Twenty-third 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the Twentv- 
 fourth Congress; appointed Commissioner of Pub- 
 lie Bnildingsat Washington by President Polk, and 
 served from Novend)er .5, IS4IJ, to March ;!, 1847; 
 died at Wilkcsluirre, Pa.. October .30, 18.i:i. 
 
 Beck, Erasmus W., was born at McDonongh, 
 Oa., October 21, 18.S3; graduated from Mercer 
 University; studied law; admitted to the bar in 
 18.i() and commenced |)ractice at lirirtin, (ia.; 
 elected a Kepre.sentative Irom Georgia to the 
 Fcjrty-second Congress as a Democrat, to lill the 
 vacancy occagioneil l)y the death of Thomas ,1. 
 Speer. 
 
 Beck, James B., was Ixuii at Dumfriesshire, 
 
 Scotlaml, February !.'>, 1822; received an aeademii- 
 education in his native country; came to the I'niteil 
 Slates with his parents while a youth and settled 
 in l^'xington. Ky.; graduated from the law school 
 of the Transylvania I'niversity in 1.84(); practiced 
 for twenty years and became very suciv.s.sfnl; 
 elect*"il a Hepre.sentative from Kentucky to the 
 Fortieth Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the 
 Forty-first, Forty-second, and Forty-third Con- 
 gresses; in May. I87(i, appointed member of tb'.- 
 ciimnnssion to define the boundary ln'tween Mary- 
 land and Virginia; electeda ("nited .'^tates Senator 
 from Kentucky as a Democrat for six years from 
 March 4, 1877;" reelected in l8S2and 1888; and his 
 thinlterm wduld have expire.l .March 4, I.S9.5; his 
 last official act wasthe prepamliou of the nnnority 
 report on the tariff in 188SI; ilied in Washington, 
 D. C., May .3, 1.8;k1. 
 
 Beckner, William Morg-an, of Winchester, 
 Ky., was born .June 10, 1S41. in Nicholas County, 
 Ky.; educated in country schools and at the Rand 
 and Richeson Seminary in Maysville, Ky.; read 
 lawwitli .Tuilge K. V. Phister. of Maysville, Ky.; 
 Incaleil in Wincliestei .lamiary .">. 1,8(1.5; elected 
 lity judge without opposition !March. 18(1.5; county 
 attorney without opposition in b*<(>7; nominated 
 withoui opposition and elected county jmlge in 
 1870; appointed pri.soii commi.ssioner in 18,80, and 
 wrote reiiort of commission with reference to sys- 
 tem for maiianing State pri.sons; ap|>ointe<l railroad 
 commissioner in 18,82 and served until February. 
 1884. when he resigned; noiidnated and electeil 
 niend»'r of the constitutional convention without 
 opposition in 1800; elected to the legislature with- 
 out oppositiiui in I80.'>; law yerby profession; served 
 several terms on Democratii- .'state central oominit- 
 tee; electi><l to Congress as a Democrat in Novem- 
 ber, 18(14, to lill the iinexpiretl term of Hon M. C. 
 I.isle, who died .July 7, 1.804; resumed the practice 
 of law after leaving Congn'ss. 
 
 Beckwith, Charles D., of Paterson, X. .T., was 
 iK.rn at Sanitoi;a. N. Y., October 2:{, I83S; edu- 
 cated at private schools in Troy, N. Y., I'hiladel- 
 phia. Pa.. Worcester, Mass., and at New Ilaveu, 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 385 
 
 Conn, (military): engaged in iron niannl'acturiiig; 
 served as aklennan and mayor each fonr years; 
 elected to the Fifty-first Congress as a Reijublican. 
 
 Bedford, Gunning-, was born at Philadelphia, 
 Pa.; received his education at the public schools; 
 lieutenant in the French war of 1755; entered the 
 Revolutionary Army as major March 20, 1775; 
 lieutenant-colonel in Haslett's Regiment January 
 19, 177(); wounded at the battle of White Plains; 
 appointed nuister master-general June 18, 1776; 
 Delegate from Delaware to the Continental Con- 
 gress 17S:i to 1785; elected governor of Delaware in 
 179(3; died at Xewcastle, Del., September 30, 1797, 
 before his term expired. 
 
 Bedford, Gunning, jr. (cousin of Gunning Bed- 
 ford), was linruat Philadelphia in 1747; graduated 
 from Princeton College in 1771; studied law; ad- 
 mitted totlicbarand began practice at Dover, Del., 
 moving afterwards to Wilmington; memlierof the 
 f^tate hoiL-^e (if rei)re.sentatives; attorney-general of 
 Delaware; Delegate from Delaware to the Conti- 
 nental Congress, serving from ^larch 10, 1783, to 
 Novemlier, 17Sti; member of the Feileral constitu- 
 tional c( invention; Presidential elector in 1789 and 
 1793; appointed liy President Washington United 
 States judge for the district of Delaware in 17SH, 
 which position he held until his death, which 
 occurred at Wilmington, Del., March 30, 1812. 
 
 Bedinger, George Michael, was liorn in Vir- 
 ginia, and was one of the earliest emigrants to 
 Kentucky; adjutant in the expedition against 
 Chillicotiie in 1779, major in the battle of Blue 
 Licks in 1782, major in Dark's regiment in 1791, 
 major commanding the Winchester Battalion of 
 Sharpshooters in the St. Clair expedition in 1791, 
 and major connnanding the Third sublegion of 
 U. S. Infantry from April 11, 1792, to Fehruarv 
 28, 1793; member of the State house of represen- 
 tatives in 1795; elected a rejiresentativefrom Ken- 
 tucky to the Eighth Congress; reelected to the 
 Ninth Congress, serving from October 17, 1803, to 
 March 3, 1807; died at the Lower Blue Licks, Ken- 
 tucky, about 1830. 
 
 Bedinger, Henry, was born near Shepherds- 
 town, ^'a., in 1810; received a cla.-sical education; 
 studied law ; admitted to the bar in 1832 and began 
 to practice at Shejiherdstown; elected a Represen- 
 tative from Virginia in the Twenty-ninth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; reelected in the Thirtieth 
 ('(ingress; defeated for reelection for the Thirty- 
 lirst Congress; appointed charge d'affaires to Den- 
 mark May 24, 1853, and minister resident June 29, 
 1854, serving until August 10, 1858; died near 
 Shepherdstdwu. Va., November 26, 1858. 
 
 Bee, Thomas, was a native of South Carolina, 
 born in 1729; received a classical education; studied 
 law; admitted to the bar and practiced; member 
 of the State house of representatives of South Car- 
 olina; memlier of the royal privy council; took an 
 active part in the Revolution, aiid was a member 
 of the Cduncil of safety; lieutenant-governor of 
 South Carolina; Delegate from .SjuthC'arolina to 
 the Continental Congre-ss 1780-1782; judge of the 
 I'nited States court for the district of South Caro- 
 lina; in 1810 ]Hiblished Reports of the District 
 Courts of Sdutli Carolina. 
 
 Beebe, George M., was born .it ^fount Vernon, 
 N, Y., C'ctober 28, 1836; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; studied law at the Law University at Alban\-; 
 admitted to the bar and commenced practice; in 
 1859 moved to Kansas; member of the Territo- 
 rial council, secretary of the treasury, and acting 
 governor; moved to Nevada in 186"3; appomted 
 
 H. Doc. JroS 25 
 
 cdUectiir of internal revenue, but declined; re- 
 turned to Monticello, N. Y., and edited the Repub- 
 lican Watchman ; i)resident of the State Democratic 
 conventions in New York in 1873 and 1874; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the Forty- 
 fourth Congress as a Democrat; reelected t(j the 
 Forty-lifth Congress. 
 
 Beecher, Philemon, was born at New Haven, 
 Conn., in 1775; received a classical education; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar; moved to 
 Ohio; Ijecame noted as a lawyer; deputy grand 
 miisterof Masonsof Ohio; elected a Representative 
 fnim Ohio to the Fifteenth Congress as a Federal- 
 ist; reelected to the Si.xtcenth Congress; defeated 
 as a candidate for reelection to the Seventeenth 
 Congress; elected to the F^ighteenth Congress; 
 reelected to the Nineteenth and Twentieth C^on- 
 gresses; defeated as the candidate for the Twenty- 
 first Congress; died at Lancaster, (.)hio, November 
 30, 1839. 
 
 Beekman, Thomas, was a native of New York; 
 elected as a Rejiresentative from that State to the 
 Twentieth Congress. 
 
 Beeman, Joseph H., of lOly, ^liss., was born 
 in (iates County, N. C, November 17, 1835; moved 
 with his parents in 1847 to Morgan County, Ala., 
 and from thence to ^H.^sissipjii in 1849; broiight up 
 on the farm and spent nuich of his life in active 
 participation in agricultural pursuits; received an 
 academic education; elected t(.) the legislature from 
 Scott County in 1883 and reelected in 1885, 1887, 
 and 1889; connected with the Farmers' Alliance 
 from organization in the State, serving as chairman 
 of the State executive committee; elected to the 
 F"ifty-second Congre.ss as a Democrat without op- 
 position. 
 
 Beers, Cyrus, was born in the city of New 
 York; educated in the public schools; elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Twenty-fifth 
 Congress as a Democrat, to fill the vacancv occa- 
 sioned by the death of .\ndrew D. W. i5ruvn, 
 serving from December 3, 1838, to March 3, 1839. 
 
 Beeson, Henry W., was born in Pennsylvania; 
 
 received his education in the public "schools; 
 elected a rejiresentative fi-om I'eimsylvania to the 
 Twentv-seventh Congress as a Democrat, serving 
 from May 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843. 
 
 Begole, Josiah "W.,was born at Oroveland, N. 
 Y., January 20, 1815; educated in the iniblic 
 schools; moved to Genesee County, Mich., in 
 August, 1836; taught district si'hools during the 
 winters of 1837 and 1838; in 1839 became engaged 
 in farming, which pursuit he followed until bS56; 
 elected c(.)unty treasurer four succe.«si\-e terms from 
 18.56 to 1864; entered into the lumbering business 
 in 1863; elected to the State senate in 1871; mem- 
 lier of the Ixiard of aldermen for the city of Flint 
 fdr three years; delegate to the national" Re|iubli- 
 can convention at Philadelphia in 1872; elected a 
 Representative from Michigan to the Forty-third 
 Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Beidler, Jacob Atlee, of Willoughby, Ohio, 
 was liorn near ^'alley Forge, Chester County, i'a., 
 November 2. 1852; ecincated in the country schools 
 (if that vicinity and attended Locke's Seminary, at 
 Norristown, Pa., for four years; moved to Oliio 
 and started in the coal business; elected to the 
 Hfty-se\-enth Congress as a Kejiublican. 
 
 Beirne, Andrew, was born in Ireland; emi- 
 grated to Virginia and .settled at Union, Monroe 
 County; elected a Representative from Virginia to 
 the Twenty-tifth Congress as a Van Buren Demo- 
 
3sr> 
 
 CONORKSSIONAf- niKKCTORV. 
 
 (•rat; rcfU'Ptod to tlu» Txvonty-sixlli Congress; 
 scrvinfi; from S('|>teiiil)er 4, IS.'i", tu March .'!, 1M41. 
 
 Belcher. Hiram, was horn at Aiijjusta, Me. 
 (then >hi.<.<a<hiisetts). .liini' 10, 17!H); rei'oiveil llis 
 education at Ilalldwell Acaileniy; stuilieil hiw; 
 admitted U> the bar. and in isli' heiian practice at 
 Anf;^l^itll; mendier ni the State hnnse of represent- 
 atives fur several years; elected a Uepresentative 
 from Maine tu the Thirtieth Conf^ress as a Whij;; 
 died at Aujjnsta, Me., May T, IK.iT. 
 
 Belcher, Nathan, was horn at Griswold, (\)nn., 
 June 2.5, l.M.'i; jiraduated from .Vinherst ('ollei;e in 
 183L'; stn<lied law at the ('andiriilj.'e law .oehool; 
 admitted to the har in ls:!(i, and c'lmimenced prai'- 
 tice at Clinton, Conn.; in 1S41 moved to .New Lon- 
 don, where lie gave up the practice of law and 
 became a mamifacturer; niend)er of the State 
 house of representatives in IMHand 1847 and of 
 tlie State senate in IS.'H); Presidential elector in 
 lS.i2; electeil a Kepresentative from Ccinnecticiit 
 to the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat; died 
 in New London. Conn., June A, 18i)l. 
 
 Seidell, George 0., was horn in the city of 
 New York; educated in the ])uhlic schools; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the Twentieth 
 Congre.-s. 
 
 Belden, James J., of Syracuse, N. Y., was 
 l)oni at Fahins. Onondaga County, Septendier 80, 
 182.5; after receiving an ordinary eonnnon school 
 education, early engaged in mercantile imrsnits; 
 had large interest in manufactures and other local 
 enterprises; director and trustee in several hanks, 
 and jiresident of the Koliert (iere Haid<, which he 
 estahlished; for many years extensively engageil 
 in railroad and other pnhlic works and improve- 
 ments throughout the country and in Canada; 
 elected mayor of Syracuse in 1877 and reelecte<l in 
 1878; elected to the Kiftieth Congress as a Hepuh- 
 lican to fill the unexi)ired term of Hon. Krank 
 Hiscock, elected to the I'riiteil States .senate; re- 
 elected to the Fifty-lirst, Kifty-seconil, Fifty-third, 
 and Fifty-fifth Congres.ses. 
 
 Belford, James B.. of Central City, Colo., was 
 horn at l.ewistown, I'a.. .'^eptendu'r 28, 18:i7; edu- 
 cated at llickinsoii ( 'iillegc; l)y iirnfc-sion a lawyer; 
 appointed one of the judges of the su]irenie court 
 of Colorado in 1870, and held the otiice for live 
 years; elected, on the adnii.-ision of Colorado lus a 
 State, a liepre.-^entative to the Fi>rty-fourth Con- 
 gres.s a.s a Repuhlican; reelected to the Forty- 
 fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-.-^eventh, and Forty-eighth 
 Congri'S.-ies. 
 
 Belford, Joseph UcCrum, of Hiverhead, Suf- 
 folk County, N. Y., waa horn at Milllintown, 
 Juniata County, Pa., August 5, 18.52; received a 
 (classical education, graduating fmm Uickinson 
 College, Carlisle, I'a., in 1871; engage<l in acailemic 
 Work for si>me veal's; moved to Long Island in 
 1884; admitte.l to the har in l.88i). and elected to 
 the Fifty-lifth Congress as a Rei)uhlican. 
 
 Belknap, Charles Eug'ene, of < iraiid Rapids, 
 Mich., wa.s horn at .Masseiia, St. I^iwreiice County. 
 N. Y., Oi-toher 17, I84ti; moved with his parents 
 totirand l{apids, Mich., in 1.8.Vt; e.lucated in the 
 common !«'liools of (Iraml Rapiils; left .M'hool 
 August 14, l.sii-J, anil enlisted in the Twenty-lirst 
 Regiment Michigan Infantry; promoted to differ- 
 ent positions, and i'eceive<l a captain's commission 
 January 22, I8(i4, at the age of 17 vears and '.i 
 iiionths; served until June, I8ti.5, witli the Army 
 of the CiimlH-rlaiid; woundeil seven times; serveil 
 eleven vears mi hoard of education; serve<l two 
 
 years as alderman; served one year as mayor; a 
 meinlier of the hoard of control of State school In- 
 stitution for the deaf for four years; engiiged in the 
 manufacture of wagons and sleighs; electi'il to llic 
 Fifty-lirst Congre.-^s as a I{i'pulilican; reelected to 
 the Fifty-second Congress at the election Novem- 
 lier a, I.SIH, to till the va<aacy caused by the death 
 of Melhourne II. Ford, Democrat. 
 
 Belknap, Hugh Reid, of Chicag^i, 111., wius 
 horn at Keokuk. Iowa, .Sejitt'iiiher 1. hSIiO; at- 
 tended the public schools there, and also took a 
 couive of instruction at the .\dams Aciidemv, 
 tiuiney, Mass., completing his eihu-ation at Phil- 
 lips .\cadeiny, at Andover, Ma.ss. ; lieing unable to 
 take a collegiate course, at the age of 18 entered 
 the service of the Baltimore am) Ohio Railroad 
 Company in a minor cajiacity; remained with this 
 company for twi'lve years, lillim.' various positions 
 in practical railroading in the operating depart- 
 ment, and retired as chief clerk to the general 
 manager in 1802 to beeoine superintendent of the 
 South Side Rajiid Transit Railroad, of Chiiago — 
 the (irst elevated road in that city; never held any 
 political otiice until elected to the Fifty-fourtii 
 ('ongre.^'s as a Reiiublican, the eUMtion returns 
 showing 1.'),.'32.') votes for Hugh R. P.elknap, against 
 l'),;i.i() votes for Lawrence K. Mctianii. Democrat, 
 ami ;{,;t4.') votes for John H. Clark, Populist. Mr. 
 Helknap contested the election, and a recount of 
 the votes showed a ]>lurality in his favor, a fact 
 readily conceded by .Mr, Mctiann, his opponent, 
 and he was seated by a unanimous vole of the 
 House of Reiiresentatives, llecemher 27, 189.i; re- 
 elected to the Fifty-lifth Congre.-s; in I88!i ap- 
 pointed a paymaster in the Regular Army; died 
 at Calainba. Laguna de Luzon, November 12, 1901. 
 
 Bell, Charles K., of Fort Worth, Tex., was 
 born at Chattanooga, Teiin., April 18, 18.58; moved 
 to Texas in 1871; admitted to the har in 1874; 
 electeil district attorney. State senator, ami district 
 judge, serving four years in each position; dele- 
 gate to the Democratic national convention in 
 1884; elected to the Fifty-third Congress :us a 
 Democrat; reelected to the Fifty-fourth Congress; 
 resumed the practice of law after leaving Congress. 
 
 Bell, Hiram, was born in Yerinont; received 
 his education in the publii- s<-hools; removeil to 
 (ireeiiville, Ohio; elected a Representative from 
 that State to the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig; 
 died at (ireeiiville, Ohio, Deceinher 21, 18.55. 
 
 Bell, Hiram P., wa-^ horn in Jackson County, 
 
 Ga., January 
 
 1,S2 
 
 received a liberal eiluca- 
 
 tioii; tiiuglit school two years, during which time 
 he studied law and was admitted to the bar .\o- 
 vemher28, 1840; afterwanls pnicticecl at Cumming, 
 Ga. ; elected a member of the seceAxion c<uivention 
 without opposition in 18(11, and opposed the seces- 
 sion ordinance; commissioner from (ii'orgia to 
 solicit t hi' cooperation of Teniuv.-'ee in the format ion 
 of a Southern Confederacy; member of the State 
 senate in I8t)l, and resignt'd to ivniain in the Con- 
 federate army, which he had entered in 1.802 as cap- 
 tain; was pi'oiiioteil lieutenant-colonel and colonel 
 of the Forty-third (ieorgia Regiment; dangerously 
 wounded at the battle of Chicka-<aw Bayou, Mis- 
 sissippi, I><'cember20, 1.802; memberof the Second 
 Confedi'rate Congress in I8(i4 and 18Im; I'uited 
 States Presidential elector in 1.808; member of the 
 State Democratic executive commiftce 1.80.8-1871; 
 electeil a Representative from ( ieorgia to the Forty- 
 third Congress as a Democrat; delegate to the 
 national Democratic convention at .'^t. ],i>uis that 
 nominated Tildeiiand Hendricks; chosen as mem- 
 ber from the State at lai-ge of the Democratic 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 387 
 
 national committee; again elected a Kepresentative 
 to the Forty-fifth C'ongrei^s (to till the vacancy 
 caused by the election of Benjamin H. Hill to the 
 United States Senate) as a Democrat. 
 
 Bell, James (son of Sani\icl Bell), was born at 
 Francistown, Hillsboro County, N. H., November 
 13, 1804; graduated from Bowdoin t'ollege in 
 1822; studied law at the Litchfield Law School; 
 admitted to the bar in 1825, and liegan practice at 
 Gilmanton, N. H.; in 1831 moved to Exeter, and 
 thence to Guilford in 18-16; member of the State 
 house of representatives in 1846; delegate to the 
 State constitutional convention in 1850; defeated 
 as theWhig candidate for governorinlS54 and 1855; 
 elected a United States Senator from New Hamp- 
 shire as a \\'hig, serving from December 3, 1855, 
 until the time of his death, which occurred May 
 26, 1857, at Laconia, N. H. 
 
 Bell, James M., was born in Ohio; educati^l 
 in the public schools; elected a Representative 
 from Ohio to the Twenty-third Congress as a Clay 
 Democrat. 
 
 Bell, John, was born near Nashville, Tenn., 
 February 15, 1797; graduated from the LTniversit}' 
 of Nashville in 1814; studied law, and in 181 6 admit- 
 ted to the bar; began practice in Franklin, Tenn.; 
 elected to the State senate in 1817; became an emi- 
 nent lawyer; elected a Kepresentative from Ten- 
 nessee to the Twentieth Congress and reelected to 
 the Twentv-first, Twenty-second, Twenty-third, 
 Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty-sixth 
 Congres.ses as a Whig; Speaker of the House of 
 Reiiresentati\'es (.luring the second session of the 
 Twenty-third Congress; appointed by President 
 Harrison Secretary of War in 1841, but resigned 
 October 12, 1841 ; iii 1847 elected to the State house 
 of representatives of Tennessee; elected to the 
 United States Senate as a Whig, serving from De- 
 cember 6, 1847, until March 3, 1859; defeated as a 
 Presidential candidate with Edward Everett for 
 Vice-President; became interested in large iron 
 works at Chattanooga; died at his home near Cum- 
 berland River September 10, 1869. 
 
 Bell, John, of Fremont, Ohio, was elected a 
 Representative from that State to the Thirty-first 
 Congress (to fill the vacancy caused by the death 
 of Amos E. Wood ) as a Whig, serving from Jan- 
 nary 7, 1851, to March 3, 1851. 
 
 Bell, John C, of Montrose, Colo., was educated 
 in the private schools of Prof. Rufus Clark and of 
 Professors Hampton and Miller, in Franklin 
 County, Tenn.; read law in Winchester, Tenn.; 
 admitted to the Ijar of that State in 1874, and the 
 same year moved to Colorado and commenced the 
 practice of law at Saguache in June, 1874; ap- 
 pointed count}' attorney of Saguache Count>- and 
 served until ilay, 1876, when he resigned and 
 moved to Lake City, Colo. ; elected county clerk 
 of Hinsdale County in 1878; twice elected mayor 
 of Lake City, and in August, 1885, resigned that 
 position, and, forming a law partnership with 
 Hon. Frank C. Goudy, mo\ed to Montrose; in 
 November, 18S8, elected judge of the seventh 
 judicial district of Colorado for a jieriod of six 
 years; elected to the Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty- 
 fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-scventli Congresses as 
 a Democrat; defeated for the Fifty-eighth Con 
 gress. 
 
 Bell, Joshua F. , was born in Kentucky and 
 educated in the public schools; studied law, ad- 
 mitted to the bar, and liegan practicing at Dan- 
 ville, Ky. ; electeil a Representative from Kentucky 
 to the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig; aiijioint- 
 
 ed secretary of state of Kentucky in July, 1849, in 
 place of Orlando Brown, resigned; delegate to the 
 peace convention in 1861 from Kentucky; member 
 of the State house of representatives in 1865; died 
 in Kentucky August 20, 1870. 
 
 Bell, Peter Hansbrough, was born in Vir- 
 ginia and educated in the puljlic schools; studied 
 law, and admitted to the bar; moved to Texas; 
 captain of Texas Volunteer Rangers 1845-46; 
 served in the Mexican war as lieutenant-colonel of 
 mounted \-olunteers; in 1848-49 colonel of a 
 Texas volunteer regiment; governor of Texas 
 1849-1853; elected a Representative fi'om Texa.s to 
 the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses as 
 a Democrat; judge of the supreme court of Texas. 
 
 Bell, Samuel, was born at Londonderry, N. IL, 
 Feljruary '.), 1770; graduated from Dartmoutli Col- 
 lege in 1793; studied law and practiced at Chester, 
 N. H.; a member of the State legislature 1804- 
 1808, serving as speaker; State senator in 1807 and 
 1808; State councilor in 1809; judge of the State 
 supreme court 1816-1819; governor of New Hamp- 
 shire 1819-1823; elected to the United States Sen- 
 ate, and reelected, serving from March 4, 1823, to 
 March 3, 1835; died at Chester, N. H., December 
 23, 1850. 
 
 Bell, Samuel N., was born at Chester, N. H., 
 March25, 1829, graduated from Dartmouth College, 
 New Hampshire, in 1847; studied law and after- 
 wards practiced at Manchester; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New Hampshire to the Forty-sec- 
 ond and Forty-fourth Congresses as a Democrat; 
 appointed chief justice of the supreme court of 
 New Hampshire. 
 
 Bellamy, John Dillard, of Wilmington, N. C, 
 was born at Wiliiiington, N. C, March 24, 1854; 
 educated at the Cape Fear Alilitary Academy, pre- 
 sided over by Gen. Raleigh E. Colston, of Confed- 
 erate-war fame, at Davidson College, North Caro- 
 lina, a Presliyterian college, where he graduated 
 with the degree of A. B. in 1873, and at the L^ni- 
 versity of Virginia, graduating in several of the 
 schools in 1874, and with the degree of LL. B. in 
 1875; practiced the profession of law for twenty- 
 three years with marked success; author of a num- 
 ber of historical essays and sketches; has been 
 city attorney of Wilmington; State senator from 
 the twelfth senatorial district, and one of the del- 
 egates at large to the Democratic national conven- 
 tion of 1892; grand master of tlie Independent 
 Order of Odd Fellows of North Carolina and rep- 
 resentative to the Sovereign Grand Lodge of the 
 L'nited States; also a prominent Knight of Pythias; 
 elected to the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Bellinger, Joseph, was born in South Caro- 
 lina; Presidential elector from that Sta.e on the 
 Madison and Clinton ticket; elected a Representa- 
 tive from South Carolina to the Fifteenth Con- 
 gress, serving from December 1, 1817, to April 
 20, 1818. 
 
 Bellows, Benjamin, was born at Walpole, N. 
 H., October 6, 1740; elected town clerk in 1759, 
 and successively elected until 1776; njendjer of 
 the Colonial and afterwards of the State legisla- 
 ture. State senatoi, and State coun<-ilor; in 1781 
 appointed a Delegate from New Hampshire to the 
 Continental Congress, but declined to serve; mem- 
 ber of the State convention that ratified the Fed- 
 eral Constitution in 1788; president of the electoral 
 college of New Hampshire which voted forWa.sh- 
 ington in 1789 and member of the electcjral college 
 
388 
 
 OONUKESSIUNAL DIKKOTORY. 
 
 whii-li vott'd for .Tivliii Adams in 17t»7; serveil ilur- 
 inj; the Kcvululionarv war aw ciiloiiel; iliiil at 
 WaliinK'.Iiiiu', ISO-.'. 
 
 Belmont, Oliver Hazard Perry, wa.-* hmii in 
 Nfw York (ilv. N. Y., Novi'iiilicr lU, IK.'iH; son 
 of Uiti' .\n;;nst l^t'linont; oilucali'il at rnit<'il States 
 Naval Academy. Annajiolis, and served two years 
 in tlie r. S. Navy, when lu' resif;ned: at onetime 
 niend>er of the lirrn of Aujiust Kehnont it Co., 
 hankei-s, New York: pnhlisher of The Verdief, a 
 weekly jiaiier, and deleirate to the Democratic 
 natiimal convention at Kansas City, .Inly 4, 1900; 
 electedtothe Kifty-seventhCoiijrressasa Democrat. • 
 
 Belmont, Perry, of |{rtt>ylon, Konjj I.sUmd, 
 N. Y.. was liorn in the city of New York, Decern- | 
 her 'JS. l.><.'il: ^nidnated from Harvard ('ollef.'e in 
 1.S72: admitted to the har in \X~H. and has since 
 heen enya};ed in the jiraitiie of law; idected to 
 the Forty-seventh. Korty-eif;hth, Korty-niiith, and 
 Fiftieth ( 'onf^resses as a DemoiTat; candidate for 
 election as a Uepresentative to the I'ifty-eisrhth 
 ('on;;ress. hut was defeated l)y Montafiue Lessler, 
 Repuliliian. 
 
 Belser, James E., waja born in North Caro- 
 lina and received a pnlilic school eilncation; 
 moved to Mont;;omery, .\la., where he studied 
 law an<l was admitted to practice; elected clerk 
 of the county court and afterwards county solic- 
 itor; elected a Kepre.sentative from .Vlahama to 
 the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat; mem- 
 herof the State house of representatives in 1833 
 and l.S.>5; died at Moutf.'omerv, Ala., .lanuarv 16, 
 1.S.MI. 
 
 Beltzhoover, Frank E., of Carlisle, Pa., was 
 liorn in Silver Spring Township, (^nnherland 
 County, 1'k., Novendier (>, 1S41; received a pri- 
 mary education at liig Spring Academy, Newville; 
 entered IVnnsylvania College. Cetlyslmrg. in l.S.i.H 
 and graduated in ISiil'; read law; adnntted to the 
 liar in lsii4 at Carlisle, w here he practiced; chair- 
 man of the Democratic committee of Cumberland 
 County in 18(iS and 187:5; district attorney 1874- 
 1877; delegate to the Democratic national conven- 
 tion at St. I-ouis in 187(i; elected to the Forty-sixth 
 Congres.s as a Di-mocrat; reelected to the Forty- 
 seventh Congress; elected a Representative to the 
 Fifty-second ami I'ifty-thinlCongresses; afti'r leav- 
 ing Congress resumed the i>ractice of law at Car- 
 lisle. I'a. 
 
 Benedict, CharlesB. , wasborn at .\ttica, N. Y., 
 February 7. ISiS; rei'eiveil a liberal education; 
 studied law and in IS.")(> admitted to the bar; en- 
 gsiged in the banking business at .\ttica in May, 
 bStiO; for live years member of the board of super- 
 visoi-s of WyomingCounty; in 187'> mendierof the 
 Democratic State com nt it tee; in I87(i Presidential 
 elector; elected a Repre.-entative from New Y'ork 
 to tin- Forty-tifth Congre.ss as a Democrat. 
 
 Benjamin, John F. , was born at Cicero, N. Y., 
 .January 2:!, 1817; eihu-ated in the public schools; 
 moved to Texas, where he residi-d tliife years, 
 and thence to Missouri; studied law and began to 
 practice at Shelbyville in 1848; mendier of the 
 Slate hon.se of representatives lS.">()and l.s.'il,'; Presi- 
 dential elector on the Huchanan ticket in 18."iti; 
 entered the I'nion .\rmy as a cavalry private in 
 18(>1, and snbseiiuentlv promoted laptain, major, 
 lieutenant-colonel, and brigadier-general; in IHti'.i 
 and lsti4 provost-mar^hal of the eighth district of 
 Mi.-.s<>uri; delegate lothe national Demncratici-on- 
 ventionut Baltimore in 18(>4; electe^la Repri-sentii- 
 tive from Mis,sonri to theThirly-iiinlh Congr«s.sa-* 
 a i{adical; reelected to the Fortieth and Fortv- 
 
 lii'st Congresses; after his retirement frfim Con- 
 gress engaged in the practii'eof law at Washington, 
 D. C., until his death, which oicnrrcd March .*<, 
 1877. 
 
 Benjamin, Judah Peter, was born in Santo 
 Domingo in bsll' and lam* with his parents to 
 Savamiah. (ia., in I8|ii; received a liberal eilnca- 
 tion, having studied at Yale College; in 18:{| 
 moved to New Orleans; taught school; notary's 
 clerk; studied law and began practicing in l.SHl; 
 member of tlie State constitutional convention 
 in 1845; electe<l a United States Senator in 18.53 
 a.s a Whig and reelecteil in I8.")it as a Con.-^ervative, 
 .serving from .March 4. 1S.'>:>. until he resignecl Feb- 
 ruiiry 4, bstil; appointeil attorney-general of the 
 Southern Confederacy February I'l. 18iil; expelled 
 from the I'ldted Stati'S Senate Niarch 14. ISiil; aj)- 
 pointed acting secretary of war of the Southern 
 Confederacy in August, 18111, and secretary of war 
 from November 10, 18(>1, until February 7, 18(52, 
 when he was aiijininted secretary of .-tate; moved 
 to ( Treat Britain and ln'came a member of the bar 
 at London, receiving the api)ointment of l^ueen's 
 counsel for Lancaster and enjoying a lucrative 
 [iractice; died in Paris. France, in ^Iay, 1884. 
 
 Benner, George Jacob, of (iettysburg, Pa., 
 was b(irn Aiiril 1.'5, lH."i!l. at (iettysburg; educateil 
 at Pennsylvania (^ollege, (iettysburg. graduating 
 in the class of 1878; after several years devoted to 
 teachiiiL'. adnntted a mendierof the .\dams County 
 bar Deceudier 31, 1881; elected to the Fifty-lifth 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Bennet, Benjamin, wasborn in 1762 and edu- 
 cated in the public schools: studicil theoldgy ami 
 ordained as a Baptist minister at ^liddlctown, 
 N. ,J.; elected a Reprc-^entative from New .lersey 
 to the Fo\irteenth Congress and reelected to the 
 Fifteenth Congre.ss, serving from .lanuarv ITi. 181(5, 
 ti> March .3, 18UI; died at Midilletowu. N'. .L, Octo- 
 ber 8. 1,S40. 
 
 Bennett, Charles Goodwin, of Brooklyn, 
 N. Y., was born in the city of Hrooklvn Decem- 
 ber 11, l.H(i3. where he always resideJ; a gradu- 
 ate of public school No. 24 and of the Brooklyn 
 High School, and studied law and graduated from 
 the .New York Law School, receiving the degree 
 of LL. B. from the State Imard of regents; acbnit- 
 ted in the secouil department to practiie at the 
 bar, and was a memlier of the law lirm of Daniels 
 & Bennett, of New York City; unsuccessful Re- 
 publican can<lidate for mendx-rof the Fifty-third 
 Congress in this district, and electeil to the Fifty- 
 fom-t h Congress as a Republii-an; reelected to the 
 Fiflv-tifth Congress; elected .Secretary of Uniteil 
 States .Senate .lanuarv 2!t, l!K)2. 
 
 , was elected a Kepre.senta- 
 tlie Forty-lirst Congress as 
 
 Bennett, David S. 
 tive from .New Yiirk ti 
 a Repulilican. 
 
 Bennett, Granville G.. of Yankton, S. Dak., 
 was born in Butler County, Ohio. ()clolK'r!l, l.'<.33; 
 spent his yiputh in Fayette County, Ohio; moved, 
 with his parents, to Fulton County. Ml., in 1.84!i, 
 anil to Washington, biwa. in ls.V>; edm-atcd at 
 Howe's .\cademy, .Mount Pleasant, ami W;ishing- 
 ton College, lowa; studied law and entered upon 
 the practice at that place in 18.5!»: serve<l in the 
 Cnion .\rmy as a conunissioned otlicer during the 
 war of the rebellion from July, 18(il, to .\ugust, 
 18(55; eleett'd a mendier of the .State house of rep- 
 resentatives of lowa in the fall of 18(5."i fiVr two 
 years, and to the .State senate ill the fall of l.S(i7 for 
 four yeai"s; ap|)oint»'<l a.ssooiate justice of the su- 
 pieme court of Dakota February 24, 187r>, and re- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 389 
 
 signed, on being nominated as a Delegate, Au!;n^it 
 2">, 1.S7S; elected to the Forty-sixth Congrei'S as a 
 Kepnhliean; after leaving Congress resnmed the 
 practicx^ of law. 
 
 Bennett, Henry, was born at New Lisbon, 
 X. Y., Septemlier 29, ISOS; educated in the public 
 schools; studied law and coinnienced practice at 
 New Berlin, N. Y., in l.s:;2; elected a Representa- 
 tive from New York to the Thirty-lirst Congress 
 as a Whig; reelected to the Thirty-second, Thirty- 
 third, Thii'ty-fourth, and Thirty-lifth Congresses as 
 a Re|iublican. 
 
 Bennett, Hendley S., was born in Williamson 
 County, Tenn., March 7, 1807; educated at the 
 public schools: studied law and connnenced prac- 
 tice in Mississipyji in 1S30; circuit judge 184t)-1854; 
 elected a Representative to Congress from Missis- 
 siiipi to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Bennett, Hiram P., was born at Carthage, Me., 
 September 2. 182ti; received his education in the 
 public schools; studied law and commenced jirac- 
 tice in Western Iowa; elected judge of the circuit 
 court there in 1852; moved into Nebraska Terri- 
 tory in 18.^4 and elected a member of the Territo- 
 rial Council the same year; in bS"i8 elected to the 
 State house of reprsentatives and chosen speaker; 
 in 18.^1l moved to Colorado Territory and elected 
 its delegate to the Thirty-seventh Congress; 
 reelected to the Thirty-eighth Congress as a 
 Conservative Republican; appointed secretary of 
 State of Colorado in March, 1867. 
 
 Bennett, Risden T., of Wadesboro, N. C, 
 was born in Anson County, N. C, June 18, 1840; 
 educated at Anson Institute; took the degree of 
 baclielor cjf laws at Lebanon Law School, Tennes- 
 see, in .(une, 1859; entered the Confederate army 
 as a ])rivate April 30, 1861, and rose through the 
 several grades to tlie colonelcy of the Fouiteenth 
 North Carolina Troops; solicitor of Anson County 
 in 1866 and 1867; member of the legislature of 
 North Carolina in 1872, and delegate to the con- 
 stitutional convention of the State in 1875, serving 
 in each body as chairman of the judiciary commit- 
 tee; judge of the superior court in 1880, and 
 resigned to accejit the nomination for Congress as 
 Congresman at large from North Cai-olina; elected 
 tci the Forty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, and 
 reelected to the Forty-ninth Congress; after 
 leaving Congress resumed the practice of law. 
 
 Bennett, Thomas W. , was born in Union 
 County, Ind., February l(i, 1831; graduated from 
 the law department of the Indiana Asbury Cni- 
 versity in July, 18.54, and commenced practice; in 
 1858 elected to the Indiana State senate and re- 
 signed in 1861 to enter the Union Arnij-; commis- 
 sioned a captain in the Fifteenth Regiment Indiana 
 Volunteers in Ajiril, 1861. major of the Thirty- 
 sixth Regiment September, 1861, I'olonel of the 
 Sixty-ninth Rei;iment in August, 1862, and ap- 
 pointed brigadier-general in March, 1865; again 
 elected to the State senate in t)ctober, 1864; elected 
 mayor of the city of Richmond, Ind., May, 1869, 
 and served two years; in Sei)teinlier, 1871, ap- 
 ])ointeiI governor of Idaho Territory, and serve<l 
 until I)ecember4, 1875, when he resigned, claiming 
 ti> have been elected to the Forty-fourth Congress 
 as an independent candidate; thellouse, however, 
 gave the seat to his opponent, S. S. Fenn, Demo- 
 crat. 
 
 Benson, Egbert, was born in New York City, 
 June 21, 1746; graduated from Columbia College 
 in 1765; connnenced the practice of law at New 
 York; [irominent memhei' of the Revolutionary 
 
 committee of safety; in 1777 appointed the first 
 attorney-general of New York; mendjer of the first 
 State legislature in 1777; in 1783 one of the three 
 commissioners to direct the embarkation of theTory 
 refugees for the loyal, I'ritisli provinces; delegate 
 from New York to the Continental C'ongress, serv- 
 ing from 1784 to 1788; elected a representativ(! 
 from New York to the First Congress and reelected 
 to the Second Congress, serving from A)iril 9, 1789, 
 to Alarch 3, 1793; regent of the New York Uni- 
 versitv 1789-1802; judge of the supreme- court of 
 New York 1784-1801; judge of the United State.s 
 circuit court; again elected to theThii-teenth Con- 
 gress, serving from May 24, 1813, until August 2, 
 1813, when he resigned; first presidentof the New 
 York Historical Society; wrote and published 
 Vindication of the Captors of Major .\ndre in 1817, 
 and Memoir on Dutch Names of Places in 1835; 
 died at Jamaica, L. I., .August 24, 1833. 
 
 Benson, Samuel P., was born at Winthrop, 
 Me., in 1825; graduated from Bowdoin College; 
 studied law and began to jiractice at Winthrop; 
 member (if the State legislature of Maine 1834 and 
 1836; secretary of State of -Maine 1S3S-1 841: elected 
 a Representative from Maine to the Thirty-third 
 Congress as a Whig; reelected to the Thirty-fourth 
 Congress as a Rejiublican; after his retirement 
 from Congress resumed tiie practice of law and 
 appointed one of the overseers of Bowdoin College; 
 died Auguist 12, 1876. 
 
 Bentley, Henry W., of Boonville, N. Y., was 
 born at Deruyter, JIadison County, N. Y., Sep- 
 tember 30, 1838; admitted to the" liar in April, 
 1861, and for thirty years actively engaged in the 
 practice of law in IJoonville; elected to the Fifty- 
 second Congress as a Democrat; at the expiration 
 of his term in Congress returned to Boonville, 
 N. Y., w'here he resumed tlie practice of his pro- 
 fession. 
 
 Benton, Charles S., was born in Maine and 
 spent his early life there; removed to Mohaw'k, 
 N. Y.; elected a Representative from that State to 
 the Twenty-eighth and Twent\--ninth Congresses 
 as a Whig. 
 
 Benton, Jacob, w'as born at Waterford, Vt., 
 August 14, 1819; received a liberal education; 
 taught for several years; moved to Lancaster, 
 N. II., in 1842, and in 1843 admitted to the bar and 
 connnenceil to practice in Lancaster; elected to the 
 legislature in 1854, 1(5.55, and 1856; delegate to the 
 national Republican convenrion in 1860; brigadier- 
 general commanding the State \-olunteers; elected 
 to the Fortieth Congress as a Republican from New 
 Ilanipshire; reelected to the Forty-lirst Congress; 
 after his retirement from Congress resumed the 
 practice of law, which he carried on verv success- 
 fully; died in Lancaster, N. H., September 29, 1892. 
 
 Benton, Lemuel, was born in South Carolina; 
 received a liheral education: elected a Rejiresenta- 
 tive from Soutii Carolina to the Third Congress; 
 reelected to the Fourth and F'ifth ('ongresses. 
 
 Benton, Mascenas E., of Neosho, Mo., was 
 born in Oliiou County, Tenn., January 29, ],S49; 
 received his literary education in two West Ten- 
 nes.see academies and in St. Louis University; 
 graduated from the law department of Cumber- 
 land i^niversity in June, 1870, and innncdiately 
 removed to Missouri, settling in Neosho, where ho 
 has since lived; beginning with 1872 (with four 
 exceptions) has been a delegate to every Demo- 
 cratit' State convention lield in .Missouri, and was 
 president of the conventions held in ].'<90, 189(i, 
 and 1898: elected prosecuting attorney in ls7Kaiid 
 
390 
 
 ('<lN(iKt:SS10NAL DIKKCTOKV. 
 
 18S0, ami iloflinoil veelpction in ISSl'; iittornoy of 
 tho l"iiil.Ml StilU'S fiotii Marcli. 1SS.'>. to .Inly, 1H89; 
 seven veiirs a nienilier of the l«>ar<l nf eiiriitors of 
 tlie M^s^illUri rniversity ; serveil as a nienilier iif 
 the [)eincicralie State emnniittee for the State at 
 larjre; ilele'/ate to the national Deinoeratie (•onveii- 
 tion lielil in ('lii<a^'o in .liilv. ISiMi, ami meniher of 
 tluMoininittieon creileritials in that Imdy; eleeteil 
 to the I'ifty lil'lh, Kilty-sixth, Kifty-.-eventh, and 
 Fil'ty-eiirlilii ( oiitrresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Beuton, Thomas Hart, was horn at Harts 
 Mill, near Ilillshoro, X. (' , Mareh H, 17K2; re- 
 ceived a liberal eihieation, havin;; lieen a stn<lent 
 at CliaiMlhill Colleiie; stndied law at William and 
 Mary('ollej.'e: removed to .Nashville, Teiui., where 
 lie commemed to Jiractiee; served a.s aid-de-eamp 
 to(ieneralJacksoii; from December, IS12, to April, 
 ISIS, was <'olonel of a re>riment of Tennessee vol- 
 unteers: lieutenant-iolonel of the Thirty-ninth 
 IT. S. Infantry ISl.'i-lSiri; removed to St.' Louis, 
 where he edited The Missouri Ini|nirer and con- 
 tiimed the ]>raeti<-e of law; elected Tnited Stales 
 Senator from Missouri as a Democrat, ami live 
 times reelected, serving; from .\u;;nst 10, l.SL'l, to 
 March .S, IS.il; elected a Representative from Mis- 
 .souri to the Thirty-third Congress a.s a Missotiri- 
 Compromise Democrat; ilefeated for reelection to 
 the Thirty-fourth Coufrress; defeated for trovernor 
 of Missouri in IS.'ili; after his retirement from 
 Coufiress devoteil himi^elf to the completion of 
 his .Vbridsiment of ( 'on;;re.ssional Debates; died at 
 Washin'.'tnn. D. ('., April 10, 18.")S. 
 
 Beresford, Richard, was born in South Caro- 
 lina and s|ient the ijreater ]>art of bis life there; 
 dele^rate from that State to the Continental Con- 
 press, .servinjifrom May HO, IT.'^H. to June S, 1784. 
 
 Berg-en, Christopher Augustus, of Camden, 
 N. ,]., was born at Briil^ie Point, Somerset County, 
 N. .1., August 2, KS41; educated at Harlingen 
 School, at Kilge Hill Cla.-sical School, and at 
 Princeton College, graduating from the acailemic 
 <lepartmi'nt in LStj:!; studied law, ami licensed by 
 the supreme court of New ,lersi'y as an attorney 
 at law November, IStiti, and as a counselor at law 
 November, I.Sti!); elected to the Kifty-tirst Con- 
 gress as a Kejiublii'an; reelected to the Kifty- 
 .se<'ond Congre.-'s. 
 
 Bergen, John T. , was elected a Kepresenta- 
 tive from New York to the Twenty-second Con- 
 gres.s. 
 
 Bergen, Tennis G., wa.s born at Brooklyn, 
 N. Y.. October (), l.sOli; re<-eiveil bis education at 
 Flushing; engaged in horticulture and surveying 
 of land; served in the State volunteer militia as 
 wrgeant, and regularly promoted until he became 
 colonel; member of the State constitutional con- 
 vention of 184(>; member of the national Demo- 
 cratic conventions at Baltimore and Charleston in 
 18()0; su]MTvisur of New Utrecht for twenty-three 
 years; elected t^i the Thirty-ninth Congress lus a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Bernhisel, John M., was born in CundHTlaml 
 County, I'a, ,Iuiie 2.'i, l"(li); received a liberal edu- 
 r-ation ami grafluat«'il from the nu'iliial department 
 of till- I'ennsvlvania I'niversity; moved to Ctah; 
 eli'cted a Delegate from I'tah to the Thirty-liftb 
 Congress: elected to the Thirty-si'Venth Congress. 
 
 Berrien, John Macpherson, was born in .Vew 
 .Jersey .\ngust 2:!, IT.SI; in 1 7ilH graduated from 
 Princeton College; sliidieil law at Savannah umler 
 Hon. .lo.seph Clav; began the practiie of law in 
 17il!t at Ixmisville, then the capital of (Jeorgia; 
 
 moved to Savannah; eler'led solicitor of the east- 
 ern judicial circuit of ( ieorgia in IHdVt; judge of the 
 sjune circuit ISI0-I,H21; captain of the (ieorgia 
 Hussars, a Savannah volunteer companv, in the 
 war of 1812-l.Sl.-); Stale senator l822-2:i; 'elected a 
 I'nited Slates Senator from (ieorgia as a DemiM-rat 
 in 182.") and served until March!!, I.S2V', when he 
 resigned toacicpt the position of .\ltorney-( ieneral 
 under President .Taikson; resigneil as .\tlorney- 
 (ieneral Di'cember 27. ls:!l; again I'lecled to the 
 I'niteil .States Senate as a Whig; took his seat May 
 ;n, 1,'<4I; reelei'ted in IS47 and resigned May 2.H, 
 1852; died at Savannah, (ia., January 1, 18.56. 
 
 Berry, Albert Seaton, of Newport, Ky., was 
 born in Campbell (.'ounty, Ky. ; educattil at Miami 
 I'niversity, Oxfonl, Ohio; atteiideil Cincinnati 
 Law School; served two t<-rms in Slate senate, live 
 terms as mayor of Newport, and elected to the 
 Kiftv-third Ci>ngress ius a Democrat; reelecte<l to 
 the 'Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, and Fifty-sixth Con- 
 gresses. 
 
 Berry, Campbell P., of Wheatland, Cal., was 
 born in Alabama November 7, l,s,S4; in 1,841 moved 
 to Arkansas, an<l thence, in l,s.')7, to California; 
 graduated from Methodist College, Vacaville, Cal., 
 in bsti,"); servi'd a.ssupervisorof .SutlerCounty three 
 years; elected tothelegislatureofCaliforMiain l.8l)9, 
 againiii 1871. again in 187.-1, auiloii theorganizatioii 
 of the assembly was unanimously chosen speaker; 
 elected in lS7;iio|he l-"orty-sixth Congress from the 
 Third Congressicjual district of California as a Dem- 
 ocrat, and reelecte<l to the Forty-seventh Congress. 
 
 Berry, James H., of Benton ville. Ark., was 
 born ill ,Iackson County, Ala., May 1-5, 1841; 
 moved to .\rkaiisas in I84S; received alimiled edu- 
 lation at a private school at lierryville, .\rk.; 
 studie<l law and admitted to practice in I8()(>; en- 
 tereil the Confederate army in ISlil as second lieu- 
 tenant. Sixteenth .\rkansas Infantry; lost a leg at 
 the battle of Corinth, Miss., Oct'ol>er 4, 18(i2; 
 elected to the legislature of .\rkansas in IStili; re- 
 elected in 1872; elecleil speaker of the house at the 
 extraordinary session of 1S74: presiilent of the 
 Democratic State convention in 187(>; elecleil judge 
 of the circuit court in 187S; elected governor in 
 1882; elected to the t'liited Slates Senate as a 
 Democrat, to succeed .\. H. (iarland, appointiil 
 Attornev-( ieneral, anil took his seat March 2.i, 
 188.5, au'd reelected in 188!), 1895, and 11(01; his 
 term of ,service expires March '.i, 1907. 
 
 Berry, John, was born A|>ril 2'i, 1.8:i:>, in Wyan- 
 dotte (."ouiity, Ohio; received his ediicalioii in the 
 public schools and at the Ohio Wesleyan fni- 
 versity, Delawan-: graduated from the law school 
 of theCincinnati College, and commenced practiiv 
 at rpper ,'^andusky in IS.i7; in l,8l>2. and again in 
 IS(!4, elected |>roseciiting attorney of Wyaiulotte 
 County; elected a Uepn-.-iMitative from Ohio to the 
 1 Forty-third Congress. 
 
 Bethune, Laughlin, was Ixirn in Cumberland 
 Count V, N. C. ; member of the Slate senate of North 
 Carolina in 1817, ISl.H, 1.8-_'l. and 1.827; .■lecle.l ft 
 Uepre.-enlativefroni North Carolina to the Twenty- 
 second Congress as a .laek.son Democnit; defeat«il 
 for n-eleetion to the Twenty-lhird Congress; dinl 
 at Fayitti'villc. N. C., in Ksiiii. 
 
 Bethune, Marion, was elected a Representative 
 from (ieorgia to I he Fort y-lirst Congress, and admit- 
 ted to his seal January l(>, 1S7I, .»«'fying until 
 March :i. IS7I. 
 
 Betton, Silas, was born at Londonderry. N. IL, 
 ' in 17ti4; in 17S7graduted from Dartmoulb College; 
 
BIOGEAPHIES. 
 
 391 
 
 elected a Representative from New Hampshire in 
 the Eighth Congress, and reelected to the Ninth 
 Congress, serving from OctuhtT 17, ISOM, to March 
 3, 1807; high sheriff of Kockinghani Connty for 
 several years; died at Salem, N. H., in 1822. 
 
 Betts, Samuel Rossiter, was liorn at Rich- 
 nioiid. Mass., June S, 1787; in ISOii graduated from 
 Williams College; studied law at Hudson, N. Y.; 
 commenced to practice in Sullivan Connty; .served 
 as judge-advocate of volunteers in the war of 1812; 
 elected a Representative from New York in the 
 Fourteenth Congress as a Democrat; mo\e<:l to 
 Newburgh, N. Y., where he continued the prac- 
 tice of law; in 1823 appointed circuit judge under 
 the new State constitution: ajipoiutcd in 1826 
 judge of the United States district court for the 
 southern district of New York; resigned in 1867; 
 in 1838 pul)hshed a valuable work on admiralty 
 practice; died at New Haven, Conn.. November 2, 
 1868. 
 
 Betts, Thaddeus, \vas born atNnrwalk, Conn.; 
 graduated from Yale College in 1.S07; studied law 
 and commenced practice at Norwalk; held several 
 important public offices; elected a United States 
 Senator from Connecticut as a Whig in 1839 and 
 served until his death, which occurred at Wash- 
 ngton, D. C, April 8, 1840. 
 
 Beveridge, Albert J., of Indianapolis, Ind., 
 was liorii on a farm in Highland County, Ohio, 
 October 6, 1862; liis father and lirothers were sol- 
 diers in the Union Army; married to Miss Kath- 
 erine Mamie Langsilale on November 24, 1887, 
 who died June 19, 1900; admitted to the bar in 
 1886, and devoted himself to his profession ; elected 
 to the Senate of the United States as a Republican 
 by the sixty-first general assembly of Indiana Jan- 
 uary 17, 1899. and took his seat March 4 following. 
 
 Beveridg'e, John L. , was born at Greenwich, 
 N. Y.,July6, 1824; educated in the ])ublic schools; 
 moved to Illinois in 1842 and cuntinued his educa- 
 tion at the Rock River Seminary; taught school 
 in Tennessee; studied law 1846-18.51, and after- 
 wards practiced in Chicago; ser\ed four years 
 in the Union Arniy as major and colonel of cav- 
 alry; sheriff of Cook County, 111., two years from 
 1866; in November, 1870, elected State senator, 
 resigning, haying been nominated as a Republican 
 to fill the vacancy in the Forty-second Congress 
 caused by the election of John A. Logan to the 
 United States Senate; elected a Representative 
 from Illinois, serving from January 4, 1873, to 
 March 3, 1873; elected governor of Illinois in 1873 
 for four years. 
 
 Bibb, George M., was born in Virginia in 
 1772; graduated from Princeton College in 1792; 
 studied law, admitted to the bar, and commenced 
 to practice in Kentucky; member of the State 
 house of reijresentatives and senate; three times 
 elected chief justice of Kentucky; chancellor of 
 the Louisville court of chancery; elected a United 
 States Senator from Kentucky, serving from 
 1811 to 1814, when he resigned; again elected 
 United States Senator, serving from December 7, 
 1829, to :March 3, 1835; Secretary of the Treasury 
 under President Tyler for one year; resumed the 
 practice of law at Washington, and was a clerk in 
 the office of the Attornev-General; died at George- 
 town, D. C, April 14, 18.59. 
 
 Bibb, William Wyatt, was born in Virginia 
 October 1, 1780; received a liberal educatioti; 
 graduated from the medical deiiartment of the 
 University of Pennsylvania in 1801; I'emoved to 
 Georgia; member of the State senate and house of 
 
 representatives of Georgia; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Georgia to the Ninth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat (in the place of Thomas Spalding, resigned) ; 
 reelected to the Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth 
 Congresses; United States Senator 1813-1816, to 
 fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of W. 
 H. Crawford, who was ap])ointed minister to 
 France; moved to Alabama Territory and elected 
 the first governor under the State constitutiim in 
 1819; died at Fort Jackson July 9, 1820. 
 
 Bibighaus, Thomas M., was born in Penn- 
 sylvania in 1816; receive<l his education in the 
 common schools; electe<l a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Thirtv-seeond Congress as a 
 Whig. 
 
 Bickuell, Bennet, wa.s born at Mansfield, 
 Conn., in 1803; educated in the public schools; 
 moved to Morrisville, N. Y.; member of the State 
 assembly in 1812, and 181.5-1818 State senator; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Twentv-fifth Congress as a Democrat, serving from 
 September 4, 1837^ to March 3, 1839; died at Morris- 
 ville, Madison County, N. Y., 1863. 
 
 Bicknell, George Augustus, of New Albany, 
 Ind., was Iiorn February 6, 181.5, at Philadeljihia, 
 Pa.; studied law at the law school of Yale Col- 
 lege; moved to Scott County, Ind., in 1846; elected 
 county prosecutor in 1848, circuit prosecutor in 
 1850, and judge of the second judicial circuit in 
 1852, holding the last-named place twenty-four 
 years by four successive elections; pi'ofessor of law 
 at the University of Indiana 1861-1870; elected to 
 the Forty-fifth Congress; reelected to the Forty- 
 sixth Congress as a Democrat; in 1881 appointed 
 commissioner of appeals in the suiireme court of In- 
 diana, which office he held until the completion of 
 its work in 1885; judge of the i-ircuit court of In- 
 diana in 1889, and held that office until the time 
 of his death, April 11, 1,S91. at New Albany, Ind.; 
 author of Bieknell's Civil Practice and Bickuell's 
 Criminal Practice. 
 
 Biddle, Charles John (son of Nicholas Bid- 
 die), was born at Philadelphia in 1819; graduated 
 from Princeton College in 1837; admitted to practice 
 law in 1840 at Philadelphia; serveil in the Mexi- 
 can war, receiving the lirevet of major for meri- 
 torious services; resumed the practice of law at 
 Philadelphia; entered the Union Army in 1861 as 
 colonel of a regiment of the Pennsylvania Reserve 
 Corps; elected a Rejiresentative from Pennsyl- 
 vania to the Tliirty-seventh Congress as a Demo- 
 crat to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of 
 E. Joy Morris; defeated for reelection to the 
 Thirtv-eighth Congress; died at Philadelphia 
 September 28, 1873. 
 
 Biddle, Edward (uncle of Richard Biddle), 
 was born at Philadelphia in 1739; lieutenant and 
 captain in the French war 1756-1763; .studied law 
 and commenced practice at Reading, Pa.; member 
 of the State assembly; Delegate to the Old Con- 
 gress 1774-75; died at Baltimore, Md., September 
 ,5, 1779. 
 
 Biddle, John, was born at Philadelphia, Pa., 
 March 9, 1789; served in the war of 1812; subse- 
 quently paymaster and Indian agent; moved to 
 Detroit, Mich., and Delegate from that Territory 
 to the Twenty-first Congress; in 1831 appointed 
 register of the land office at Detroit, Mich. ; trav- 
 eled extensively over Europe; died at the White 
 .Sulphur Springs, Va., August 25, 18.59. 
 
 Biddle, Richard (nephew of Edward Biddle), 
 was born at Philadelphia, Pa., March 25, 1796; 
 
;u>2 
 
 »'OX(iKKSSIONAL DIRKlToKY, 
 
 stiidii'il liiw anil coiiinii'iiccil imntici' al I'llflmi-jr, 
 I'll.: visilcil Kii};lati>l ami iiia<U> iiM|ini'laiit liistnr- 
 ical iiivcstipitii)ns IS27-IS.S(l; ivIiinuMi lionicaiiil 
 n'suiiioil |ir.iclici'; I'lcctcd a l\c>|iiisi'Hlalive from 
 I'cniisylvaiiia tn tin- Twt'iity-lil'tli ('niii.'rcs.-< as a 
 Wlii;;; ivoli'itcd tn llic T^cnty-sixtli CoiiKri'-M, 
 sorviii;; I'rum St'iiti'iiiluT -I, ls!>7, to IS40, when Ik' 
 rivii.'iii'<l: ill If^-'U iio piildishi'il a l.ilV of Scl>a.«tiaii 
 ("allot: (liiMJ at I'ittslimv, I'li-, July 7, 1H47. 
 
 Bidlack, Benjamin A., was horn at Wilkos- 
 liarii', I'a.: I'lccti'il a Hi>|ircsi'iitativc from that 
 State to the Twfiitv-si-vi'iitli l'oiii.'i>'ss as a Demo- 
 crjit: rcoU'itiHl to tilt; T\vi'nty-('i;;litli Con^ri'ss, 
 wrvinj; from May .'!!, 1841, to Maicli :>, lS-1."): ap- 
 pointcil cliarirr iTaffaircs to Colomliia May 14, 
 lS4-i, ami ilicil in ollico, at Rojrota, Colomliia, Feli- 
 niary il, 1S40. 
 
 Bidwell, Barnabas, was horn in Massai'lm- 
 
 si'tts: in 17S.') iri-jiiliiatoil from Yalo I'olU'jio: sttulied 
 law: adiuiltt'cl to the haiaml practiifil: mcmherof 
 the Massacliiisetts house of representatives I SO")- 
 1S07: elected a Kepresentative Irom Massachusetts 
 to the Ninth Congress: attornev-jreneral of Massa- 
 chusetts 1807-1810: died in 18:!S. 
 
 Bidwell. John, was horn in ('hautani|na 
 County. N. Y., .\u;;ust ,"i, 1819; moveil in 1821* 
 to lOrie, I'a., and af;ain to .Vslitahula County, Ohio, 
 the same year; received his ediu'alion at the 
 KiuL'Sville Academy: taiiL'ht school: in 1841 emi- 
 prateil toCalifnrnia: served in the warwilh Mexico, 
 attaiiiiii'j; the rank of major; meniher of the State 
 convention which framed the first constitution of 
 California: memher of the State .senate <if Califor- 
 nia in 184il; delegate to the national Democratic 
 convention at Charleston in 1.8(ill; elected a Kep- 
 n'sentative from California to the Thirty-ninth 
 Coiifiress as a rnionisl; defeated as a landidate 
 for ^roveriior of California in 187.i. 
 
 Biery, James S. , was born in Venango County, 
 I'a.. March 2. 18:!!i; receive<l a lilieral education 
 and taught .school for several years; studied the- 
 ology for two yeai-s and siihse<|Uently stmlied law; 
 admitted to the haiaiid liegaii practicing at .Vllen- 
 town in 18(i8: elected to the State house of repre- 
 sentatives of I'ennsylvania in l.StHI; elected a Kep- 
 resentative iVom Pennsylvania to the Forty-third 
 C<iiigress as a liepnhlican. 
 
 Big'by, John Summerfield, was horn in Coweta 
 County, <ia., Fehruary K?, 18:i2; educateil in the 
 puhlic schools and at Kmory College. Oxfonl, 
 (ia. : sindieil and jiracticed law; memher of the 
 Stale constitutional convention of l.St>7-()8; .solic- 
 itor-general of the Tallapoo.s;! circuit from August, 
 18(17, to Septeiiiln'r 22, 18(18; then judge of the 
 superior court to March .'!, 1871; elected a Kepre- 
 RMilalive from < ieorgia to the Forty-second Con- 
 gre>s as a Kepnhlican. 
 
 Bigelow, Abijah, was born at Westminster, 
 Miu-s.. Iti'ccmlK-r .'i. 177.1; received his edtication 
 at Dartmouth College, gntdualing from tlu'ie in 
 17SI.T; studied law and in 1 7!(8 commenced practice 
 in the courts of WorcesttT County. Ma.-s. ; live 
 years town clerk of l^'ominster; memher of the 
 stati- house of re)iresentatives: elected a Rejire- 
 sentative from Massachusetts to the Kli'Vi-nth Con- 
 gress as a Feili'rsilist to till the vacamy caused by 
 the re!-igiiation of William Steadman: rei'lecled to 
 the Twelfth and Thirteen 111 Congresses: clerk of the 
 courts of Worcester County 1817-1.8;{.'>; appointed 
 a master in chancery in 18:i8: <lie<l April 4, l.St'iO. 
 
 Big'elow, Lewis, was 1m .rn in Worcester County, 
 Ma.ss. . in I7S.S; eilucatol at Williams (^lIlece, 
 
 graihialini; there in 18():{; studied law and pnic- 
 ticed at Wor<-est<-r: electeil a Hepreseiitalive from 
 Ma.ssachu.setts to the Seventeenth Congress; editor 
 of the lirsl seventeen volumes of NIa.s.sneliusett.') 
 Ki'ports ami of a digest of six volumes of I'iek- 
 ering's Reports; moved to I'eoria, 111.; clerk of 
 ( the I'loria Countv court; died at I'eoria, III., 
 Oct.ihcr ;!, 18;;8, 
 
 Bigg-er, Samuel, was horn in Warren County, 
 
 (ihio, December Ki, 17iW; receivetl a classii-al edii- 
 
 I I'al ion, graduating from .\thens I'niversity: studied 
 
 law; admitted to the bar: began practice at l"ort 
 
 Wayne; eleited a Uepreseiitative Irom ( >liio to the 
 
 ; Twenty-third Coui-ress as a Whig, serving from 
 
 1 December 2, 18:W, until .March :>. 18;i."); govi>rnor 
 
 of Iiiiliana 1840-1.84:1: defeated as a Whig candi- 
 
 I date for governor in l84.'i hy .lames Whileouib, 
 
 : Democrat; died at Fort Wayne, Ind., in 184.">. 
 
 Bigg's, Asa, was iHirn at Williamston, X. C., 
 j February 4, 1811; received a liberal education; 
 1 studied law; admitted to the bar in 18:11, and 
 afterwards practiced: member of the constitutional 
 I convention of North Carolina in 18:{.t: memU-r of 
 the house of commons of North Carolina in 1840 
 and 1842. and of the Statesenatein 1.S44 aiiil IS.')4; 
 ' elected a Representative from North Carolina to 
 [ the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat: one of 
 a commission to codify the Stale laws of N.irtli 
 (Carolina in I.*<."ilt; elei-ted a Iriited States Senator as 
 a Democrat for six years from March 'A. IS.V1. but 
 resigned May. 18.")S, to become I'liiled Stales jmlge 
 for the district of North Carolina, having been ap- 
 pointed by I'resident Kuchanan. 
 
 Big-gs, Benjamin T. , was born at Summit 
 Bridge, Del.. October 1, 1821; spent the early part 
 of his life on a farm; attended the I'eiiniiigton 
 Seminary for two years, and afterwards taught 
 school; also a student in the Wesleyan I'niversily 
 of Connect icit: in 1847 became engaged in farm- 
 ing; memlKTof the .s^tate coiistitnlional convention 
 in 185:}; became iiitereste<l in railroad operations 
 an<l was director in the Kent and (iueeii .\nne's 
 Railroad Coiiipauy : candidate for Congress in 18ii0. 
 but defealed hy .Imlge Fisher: electi-<l a Repre- 
 sentative from Delaware to the Forty-tirst Congn'ss 
 as a Democrat: was reelected to the Forty-second 
 Congress. 
 
 Bigg-s, Marion, of Crrirlley, Cal.. was bom in 
 rikeCoiiiity. Mo . May 2. 1S2:1: rcceivc'd a conimon 
 .school I'ducation; I'lected sheriff of Monroe County, 
 Mo., in 18.VJ. and reelectiil in 18.%4; elected to the 
 California legislature from Sacramento County in 
 18(17. luid frvim llutte County in l.SeW; ehvted to 
 the State constitutional convention from the State 
 at large in 1878; elected to the Fiftieth Congress 
 asa Democrat: nrlected to the Fifty-tirst Congress. 
 
 Bigler, William, was Ixirn at Shermansbnrg, 
 I'a., IK'cember, ISl:!; receive<l a |itiblic school edu- 
 cation; in 182!' apprenticed to his brother to learn 
 the art of printing; in l.8:i:i moved to Clearfield 
 and established the Clearlielil Democrat: in l.S.'l(i 
 eiigiiged ill the luiiiher business: in 1,841 elwted to 
 the .*^tate senate by a majority of over:t.OO(l, receiv- 
 ing every vote cast with the exception of 1; in 
 1844 reelected to the Slate senate and clio.sen 
 siieaker: in 1.8.M electeil governorof IVnnsylvania; 
 i-lecled a Ciiited States Senator from Pennsylvania 
 in I8.V> for a tirm of six years; ilelegati' to the 
 ChicakTo national convention of 18(14. to the Phila- 
 delphia national I'liion convention of 18(1(1, and t<i 
 the Ni'w York national convention of 18<}8: mem- 
 ber ol the constitutional couvention of IViinsvl- 
 
BKHiRAPHIES. 
 
 398 
 
 vania, and in 1874 meniln'r of the board of tinaiue 
 of the Centennial Exposition; died at Cleartield, 
 Pa., Auiiusty. 1880. 
 
 Billinghurst, Charles, was iiorn at Brifiliton, 
 N. Y., Jnly 27, 1818; educated at the common 
 schools; studied law and afterwards ]iracticerl; 
 moved to Wisconsin in 1847; member of the first 
 State Icfiislature of Wisconsin in 1848; elected a 
 Presidential elector in 1852; elected a Represent- 
 ative from AVisconsin to the Thirty-fourth and 
 Thirty-lifth Congre.sses as a Republican. 
 
 Bines, Thomas, was born at Trenton, N. .1.,* 
 and educated in the common schools; elected a 
 Representative from New Jersey to the Thirteenth 
 Congress to (ill a vacancy caused by the death of 
 Jacob Hufty, serving from November 2, 1814, to 
 March 3, 1815. 
 
 Bingham, Henry Harrison, of Philadelphia, 
 Pa., was Iwirn at PliiUulelphia, Pa., December 4. 
 1841; graduated from Jefferson College in 18K2; 
 studied law; entered the Union Army as a lieuten- 
 ant in the t)ne hundred and fortieth Pennsylvania 
 Volunteers; wounded at (iettysburg. Pa., in 18ii8, 
 at Spottsylvania, Va., in 1864. and at Farmville, 
 Va., in l;-;65; nmstered out of service July, 1866, 
 as brevet brigadier-general of volunteers; received 
 the medal of honor for gallantry on the field of 
 battle; appointed postnia.«ter of Philarlelphia in 
 March, 1867, and resigned December, 1872, to 
 accept the clerkship of the courts of oyer and ter- 
 miner and quarter sessions of the peace at Phila- 
 delphia, having been elected by the people; re- 
 elected clerk of courts in 1875; delegate at large to 
 the Hepulilican national convention at Philadel- 
 phia in 1872, also delegate from the First Congres- 
 sional District to the Republican national conven- 
 tion at Cincinnati in 1876. at Chicago in 1884 and 
 1888, at Minneapolis in 1892, St. Louis in 1896, and 
 at Philadelphia June 19, 1900; elected to the 
 Fortv-sixth, Fortv-seventli, Fortv-eighth, Fortv- 
 ninth, Fiftietli, Fiftv-first, Fiftv-.»econd, Fiftv- 
 third, Fifty-foui-th, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, aiid 
 Fifty-seventh Congresses, and reelected to the 
 Fifty-eighth Congress as a Republican without 
 opposition. 
 
 Bing-ham, John A., was born at Mercer, Pa., 
 in 1815; received a liberal education; apprentice 
 in a printing office for two years; studied at Frank- 
 lin College, Oliio; began the practice of law in 
 1840; district attorney for Tuscarawas County, 
 Ohio, 1846-1849; elected a Representative from 
 Ohio to the Thirty-fourth. Thirty-fifth. Thirty- 
 sixth, and Thirty-seventh Congresses as a Repub- 
 lican; defeated for reelection to the Thirty-eighth 
 Congre.'^s; declined the appointment of I'nited 
 States district judgeship for the southern di.«trict 
 of Florida, wliich wa.s tendered him by President 
 Lincoln; appointed judge advocate of the I'nion 
 Army in 1864, and later in the year appointeii 
 solicitor of the Court of Clairus; special j\idge ad- 
 vocate in the trial of the conspirators against the 
 life of'ilr. Lincoln; again elected to the Thirty- 
 ninth, fortieth. Forty-first, and Forty-second 
 (\ingressesasa Republican; appointed minister to 
 >Ia|ian in 187.S. 
 
 Bingham, Kinsley S., was born at Camillus, 
 N. Y., December 16, 1808; received a lil>eral 
 education and taught school; for three years a 
 lawyer's clerk: in 18:!;? moved to Michigan and 
 engaged in farming; held several local olliccs; 
 member of the State house of repre.«ental i ves 1 8:1.5- 
 1.840; elected a Representative from ^Michigan to 
 the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, and re- 
 
 elected to the Thirty-first Congress; elected gov- 
 ernor of Michigan in 18.54 as a Republican; re- 
 elected in 1856 as a Republican; electe<l United 
 States Senator from Michigan as a Republican in 
 ]ilace of Charles E. Stewart, Democrat, and served 
 from December 5, 1859, until his death, which 
 occurred October 5, 1861; at Oak drove, ^lich. 
 
 Bingham, William, was born at Philadelphia, 
 Pa., in 1751 ; in 1768 graduated from the Philadel- 
 phia College; agent of the Continental Congress at 
 Martiniipie, and afterwards consul at St. Pierre; 
 Delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental 
 Congress 1787-88; United States Senator from 
 Pennsylvania 1795-1801; elected president pro 
 tempore of the Senate February 16, 1797; after his 
 retirement from the Senate traveled extensively 
 over Europe; and died at Bath, England, F^ebruarv 
 7, 1804. 
 
 Binney, Horace, was born at Philadelphia, 
 Pa., January 4, li80; graduated from Harvard Uni- 
 versit}' in 1797; studied law and connneuced prac- 
 tice at Philadelphia in 1800; member of the State 
 house of re|>resentatives 1806-7; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Pennsylvania to the Twenty- 
 third Congress as a Whig; director and defender 
 of the United States Bank; died at Philadelphia, 
 August 12, 1875. I 
 
 Bird, John, was born at Litchfield, Conn. ; in 
 1786 graduated from Yale College; studied law and 
 commenced practice at Troy, N. Y.; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New York to the Sixth Congress 
 as a Democrat; died at Troy, N. Y., in 1806. 
 
 Biid, John T., was born at Hunter<lon, Hunt- 
 erdon County, N. J,, August 16, 1829; receixed a 
 lilieral education and began the practice of law in 
 1855 in his native county; nominated as prose- 
 cutor of the pleas in 186:^ aiid held the office 
 five years; elected a Representative from New 
 Jersey to the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat: 
 reelected to the Forty-second Congress. 
 
 Birdsall, Ausburn, was born in the citv of New 
 York; moved to Bingham ton: elected a Rejireseut- 
 ative from New York to the Thirtieth Congress as 
 a Democrat; appointed United States naval store- 
 keeper at New York City. 
 
 Birdsall. James, was elected a Representative 
 fnim Xew York to the Fourteenth Congress as a 
 Democrat; member of tlie State general asseudilv 
 in 1837. 
 
 Birdsall, Samuel, was elected a Representa- 
 tive from New York to the Twenty-fifth Congress 
 as a Democrat, serving froui Septendier 4, 1837, to 
 March 3, 18:». 
 
 Birdseye, Victory, was born in 1782; elected 
 a Reiircsentative from Xew York to the F'ourteenth 
 Congress; chosen delegate to the State constitu- 
 tional Convention of 1821; .State senator in 1821 
 and in 1829; mend ler of the State assembly for 
 three years; defeated for reelection to theTwentv- 
 sixth Congress; was again elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Twenty-seventh Congress 
 as a Whig, serving from ilav 31, 1841, to March 3, 
 1843; died at Pomjicy, September 16, 18.53. 
 
 Bisbee, Horatio, jr., was born at Canton, 
 Oxford County, Jle., May 1, 18:59; graduated from 
 Tuft's College, ]Ma,<sacluisetts; served as a private 
 soldier three months in the Fifth Massa<'lnisetts 
 Vohmteers; nmstered out the middle of .Inly, 1861; 
 a|ipoiuted captain in tlie Ninth Maine N'ohniteers 
 in Septendier, 1861; promoted to the rank of 
 lieutenant-c(plonel, and afterwards to the rank of 
 
;v,t4 
 
 Ct>N(iRKSSI()NAL DIRKCTOKY. 
 
 cdloiifl: ImnornMy miistorpd mit of service with 
 the liittor rank llu- last of Man'li, ISiW; ciiiiimi'iuvil 
 practii'inn law at JacksDiivilK-, Kla., cm the ItUli 
 (lay (if I'Vtiiuary. isi>."): hclil tlu' ullici' of rnitod 
 States attorjicy for the nortlicni district of Florida 
 lSt>!l-lS7;i and lor a short period the ollice of 
 attoriiey-fieiieral of the State of Florida; electiMl 
 to the Korty-lifth t'oii^iress as a Kepulilican, and 
 unseated eiirht days before the close of saidCon- 
 );rt'ss; reeU'cte<l as a Hepiililican to the Forty-sixth 
 Coiinress, coiiiited out, and seated on a contest the 
 2-'d day of January, A. 1>. ISSl: elected to the 
 Forty-seventh ("onf;ross, coiint(>d out, and seated 
 on a contest the 1st day of .Tunc, 18HL*; reelected 
 to the Forly-eiLdUh Congress. 
 
 Bishop, James, was horn at New Brunswick. 
 N. J., educated in the common schools; trained 
 tor a mercantile life; mcinher of the State house 
 of n'preseiitatives; elected a Uepresentative from 
 New .lersev to the Thirtv-fourth Coniiress as a 
 Wilis;: def(!'ated for reelcctiiui to the 'Phirty-llfth 
 Con!irt>ss. 
 
 Bishop, Phaneul, was horn in Massachusetts 
 and educated in the public schools; State senator 
 17S7-17!!!; mend)er of the State house of reprc- 
 pentatives in 1792, 17!i:>. 17it7. and 17;iS; elected a 
 Representative from Ma-sssichusetts to the Sixth, 
 Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Congresses. 
 
 Bishop. Roswell, P., of Ludinstoii, was born 
 at Sidney, lUlaware County, N. Y., .laiuiary (i, 
 KS4.S; worked on a farm until Au^rust :i. ISlil, when 
 he enlisted as a private in Company C, Forty-third 
 New York Volunteer Infantry; "April I's', l,S(iL', 
 wounded at I.ecs Mills. \'a.. necessilatiMj; the am- 
 putation of his ri;;ht arm; dischar;;ed in the tield 
 near Fredericksbuv};, Va., December, 18(>2; sub- 
 se(iueiitly attended school at I'nadilla Aca(U'my, 
 CooiK-rstown Seminary, and Walton Academy, 
 New York; taught school several years, and en- 
 tered Michigan Fniversity in September, l.SliH, 
 where he remained until December, IS7L'; ad- 
 mitted to file bar in May, 1,'<7.'), at Aiui .Vrbor; 
 commenced practicing law at I.udington, Mich., 
 soon after, where he has since resided; elected 
 prosecuting attorney of Ma.soii Comity, lS7li, 1S78, 
 and K'>S4; elected t.i the Michigan legislature, 1SS2 
 and 1S!I2; elected to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-lifth, 
 Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses, and re- 
 elected to the l"ifty-ei'_'hth Congress ius a Kcpnbli- 
 ran. 
 
 Bishop, William D., was born at Hloomtield, 
 N. .1., S( picmluT 14, 1S27; graduated from Yale 
 College in IS41I: studied law and admitted to the 
 bar, but did not practice a.s he euterecl into railroad 
 enterprises; elected a Hepresentative from Con- 
 necticut to tile Thirty-titth Conixress as a Demo- 
 crat; defeated for reelection to the Thirty-sixth 
 Congress; Commissioner of Patents from May -'.i, 
 IS.iii, to .laiiuary, IS(il); member of the State house 
 of representatives in ISliti. 
 
 Bissell, William H., was born at llartwick, 
 N. Y., .\pril ■_'.i. 1811; educatecl in the public 
 Hciiools; graduated from the I'hiladelphia Medical 
 t'ollege in is;}."); moved to Illinois and practiced 
 ineilicine there until 1S40; menilM'r of the State 
 hou.se of representatives; studieci law and com- 
 nieliced practice at Itelleville, 111.; county prose- 
 cuting attorney in I.S44; served in the Mexican 
 war; elected a l\epresenlative from Illinois to the 
 Thirty-lirst Congress a« a Democrat without op|H>- 
 sition; reelected to the Thirty-second Congress 
 and reelected to the Thirty-third I'ongress as an 
 
 Independent Democrat; eleotcd jjovemor of the 
 .staU' of Illinois as a Hepiddican 18,50-1860; died 
 at Springlield, 111., March bs, 18(10. 
 
 Black, Edward J., was born at Heanfort, S. C., 
 in l.soii; cdiicaled at the public schools and studitHl 
 law under .ludgc Held, at .\ugusta, Cia. ; com- 
 menced practice in 1827 at Augusta; moved to 
 .Scriven County, (ia., in 18:^2; niendier of the 
 State house of representatives for several years; 
 (U'feated as a candidate for State attorney-general 
 in 1.8:il; elected a Kcpreseutalive from (icorgiafo 
 the Twenty-sixth Congrc.-s as a States' -rights Whig; 
 defeated for reelection to the Twenty-seventh Con- 
 gress; reelected to the Twenty-eighth I'ongress as 
 a Democrat, to till a vacancv, and served from 
 March 2, 1842, to March .i,' 1.S4.5; defeated for 
 reelection to the Twenty-ninth Congress; died in 
 Haruwell District, S. C., lH4ti. 
 
 Black, Frank S., of Troy, N. Y., was born at 
 Ijiniugtun. York County, Me., March 8, 18.5;{; 
 reared on a farm; educated in the district schools 
 and at Lebanon Academy, West Lebanon, Me.; 
 graduated from theacademvin 1871 and from Dart- 
 mouth College in 1.87.'5; editor of the .lohnst()wn 
 (N. Y. 1 .Journal for a short time after graduating 
 from Dartuiouth; then moved to Troy, where he 
 studied law and wa-s a newspa|H'r reporter; ad- 
 mitted to the bar in 187!»; elected to the Fifty- 
 fourth Congress as ffUepublican; resigned January 
 7, 18H7, having been elected governor of New 
 York. 
 
 Black, George B. , of Sylvania, <ia., was born 
 
 in .'^crivcu County, Ga., March 24, 18;{."); educated 
 partly at the I'nivei-sity of (ieorgia and at the 
 South Carolina College, which latter {n.-tituticm he 
 left in his senior year in the students' rcliellion of 
 18.'i(); studied law, and admitted to the bar in 18.57 
 at Savannah; entered the Confederate service as 
 first lieutenant of the Phoenix Kiticmen, and after- 
 wards jiromoted to lieutenant-colonel of the Sixty- 
 third (ieorgia Regiment; delegate to the constitu- 
 tional convention of 18t>.'>, and to the nati(^iial 
 Democratic convention at Haltiniore; .State senator 
 1874-1877; vice-president of the (ieorgia .State 
 Agricultural .'Society; elected to the Forty-seventh 
 Congress as a Democrat; died in July, 1883. 
 
 Black, Henry (father of Jeremiah S. Itlack), 
 was born at Stonybrook, Somerset County, Pa., 
 February 2.5, \7X'.i; educated in the public scIkk>I8; 
 studieil law and aft«'rwards practiced; niemlier of 
 the State house of rei>re.scntatives, 1815-1818; asso- 
 ciate judge of Somerset County 1820-1840; electetl a 
 Representative from Peiinsvlvania to the Twenty- 
 seventh Congress as a Wing (to till the vacancy 
 caused by the death of I'harles (tgle), but diwi 
 before taking his seat, Xoveml>er 28, 1841. 
 
 Black, James, was liorii at Newport, I'a., and 
 educated in the common schools; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Pennsylvania to the Twenty-f(Hirth 
 Congres.s as a Democrat, in place of Je.-se Miller, 
 resigned, and served from Deceml>er 5, 18;it), to 
 March :', l.s;!7; elected to the Twenty-eighth Con- 
 gress; reelected to the Twenty-ninth Congress. 
 
 Black, James A., \vx<j Ixirn in Abbeville Dis- 
 trict, S.C., in 17!1.'!; ediu ited in the public schools 
 and engaged in mercanlile pursuits; entere<l the 
 r. S. .\riny as a lieutenant in lS12and promoted 
 totlie rank of captain; tilled other important posi- 
 tions; elected a Hepresentative from South Caro- 
 lina to the Twenty-eightli Congress as a Calhoun 
 DeuKH'rat; reelected to the Twentv-nintli and 
 
BXOGEAPHIES. 
 
 395 
 
 Thirtietli Congresses, serving from December 4, 
 1843, nntil the time of his death, which occurred 
 April :i, 1S4S, at Washington, D. C. 
 
 Black, James C. C, of Augusta, Ga., was born 
 at Stamping (irouml, Scott ('ounty, Ky., May 9, 
 1842; private soldier in Company A, Nintli Ken- 
 tucliv Cavalry, Confederate States army; after the 
 war reail lawin the ofRce of Frank H. jliller, esq., 
 at Augusta, Oa., and admitted to the bar April, 
 18(i6; "elected to the Fifty-third Congress as a 
 Democrat; reelected to the Fifty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Black, John, was born and reared in Virginia; 
 received a lilicral education and taught school for 
 a few years; stuilied law and began to practice in 
 Louisiana; moved to Mississippi, where he was aj.)- 
 jiiiinted judge; appointed a United States Senator 
 from Mississippi by the governor (to till the va- 
 cancy caused by the resignation of Powhatan Ellis) 
 as a \\'hig, and was subsequently elected, serving 
 from December 12, 1832, until 1838, when he re- 
 signed; resumed the practice of law; died at Win- 
 chester, Va., August 29, 1854. 
 
 Black, John C, of Chicago, 111., was born at 
 Lexington, Miss., .January 29, 1839; lived in Illi- 
 nois since 1847; alumnus of Wabash College, In- 
 diana; lawyer by profession, having lieen admitted 
 to the bar in 1867; served in the armies of the 
 United States from April 15, 1.8til, to August 15, 
 1865; Commissioner of Pensions from .March 17, 
 1S85, to March 27, 1889; elected a Representative 
 at large to the Fifty-third Congress from the State 
 of Illinois as a Democrat; resigned Januarv 12, 
 1895. 
 
 Blackburn, Edmond Spencer, was born in 
 Watauga County, X. C., September 22, 1868; re- 
 ceived a substantial academic education, and- 
 studied law, being admitted to practice in 1890; 
 served as reading clerk of the State senate; mem- 
 I)er of the house, and speaker pro tempore of that 
 body; trustee of the University of North Carolina; 
 assistant Unitetl States attorney for the western 
 North Carolinadistrict; elected to the Fifty-seventh 
 Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Blackburn, Joseph Clay Stiles, of Versailles, 
 Ky., was born in Wixidlord County, Ky., October 
 1, bSW; ciliicated at Sayres Institute, Frankfort, 
 Ky., and at Centre College, Danville. Ky., whence 
 he graduated in 1857; studied law with (.Jeorge B. 
 Kincaid, esq., at Lexington; admitted to the bar 
 in 18-58, and prai'ticed until 18t)l ; entered the Con- 
 federate army in 1861, and served throughout the 
 war; resumed practice in 1865; elected to the State 
 legislature of Kentucky in 1871 and 1873; elected 
 to the Hou.se in the" Forty-fourth, Forty-tifth, 
 F"orty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Con- 
 gresses; elected to the United States Senate as a 
 Democrat to succeed John S. Williams, Democrat, 
 and took his seat JIarch 4, 1885; reelected in 1890; 
 reelected in 1900 to succeed William Lindsay, 
 Demorrat, and took his seat March 4, 1901. 
 
 • 
 
 Blackburn, William Jasper, born in Arkansas 
 July 24, 1820; educated in the jniblic schools; 
 learned the printing trade; established the Hcmier 
 Iliad, at Homer, La., and was so strong in his at- 
 tacks against the slavery question that his ottice was 
 twice molibed; member of the State constitutional 
 convention of 1848; elected a Representative from 
 Louisiana to the Fortieth Congress as a Republican, 
 serving from July 18, 1868, to March 3, 1869. 
 
 Blacklege, William, was born in Craven 
 Countv, N. C.: member of the State house of 
 representatives in 1797, 1798, 1799, and 1809; 
 
 elected a Representative from North Carolina to 
 the Eighth Congress as a Democrat, and was 
 reelected to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses; 
 defeated for reelection to the Eleventh Congress; 
 elected to the Twelfth Congress, defeating William 
 (.Taston, Federalist; defeated for reelet-tion to the 
 Thirteenth Congress; died at Spring Hill, Craven 
 County, N. C, October 19, 1828. 
 
 Blackledg-e, William S., was born in Pitt 
 County, N. C, in 1793; moved to Craven County; 
 in 1820 member of the State house of representa- 
 tives; elet'ted a Representative from North Caro- 
 lina to the Sixteenth Congress (to till a vacancy 
 caused by the death of Jesse Slocum) as a Demo- 
 crat, defeating Davis; reelected to the Seventeenth 
 Congress, serving from Februarv 7, 1821 , to March 
 3, 1823; died at Newbern, N. C", March 21, 1857. 
 
 Blackmar, Esbon, was born in the State of 
 New York; a prominent citizen of Newark, of that 
 State; two years a member of the State assend:)ly; 
 elected a Representative to the Thirtieth Congress 
 as a Whig to fill the vacancv caused bv the death 
 of John M. Holley. 
 
 Blackwell, Julius W., was born in Virginia; 
 educated in the ]iulilic schools; moved to Tennes- 
 see and settled at Athens; elected a Represent- 
 ative from Tennessee to the Twenty-sixth Con- 
 gress as a Van Bnren Democrat; defeated as a 
 Democratic candidate for reelection to the Twenty- 
 seventh Congress; elected to the Twenty-eighth 
 Congress; defeated for reelection to the Twenty- 
 ninth Congress. 
 
 Blaine, James G. , of Augusta, Me., was born 
 in Washington County, Pa., January 31, 1830; 
 graduated from Washington College, Pennsylvania; 
 adopted the editorial profession, and went to Maine, 
 where he edited the Portland Advertiser and the 
 Kennebec Journal; member of the ]\Iaine leudsla- 
 ture in 1859, 1860, 1861, and 1862, serving the last 
 two years as speaker of the house; elected to the 
 Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, Forty-tirst, 
 Fortj'-second, and F"orty-third Congresses (serving 
 in the Forty-first, Forty-second, and the Forty- 
 third as Speaker) ; reelected to the Forty-fourth 
 Congress as a Reiiublican; elected to the United 
 States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the res- 
 ignation of Lott 'SI. Jlorrill, appointeil Secretary 
 of the Treasury; resigned his seat in the Senate 
 JIarch 1, 1881, to become Secretary of State in 
 Garfield's Cabinet; in 1884 was nominated for 
 President of the United States l>y the Republicans, 
 and defeated by Grover Cleveland, of New York; 
 refused to allow his name to come before the 
 Republican national convention in 1888 as a can- 
 didate for President; Secretary of .State under Har- 
 rison, and served from March 5, 1889, to June 4, 
 1892, when he resigned; in the national conven- 
 tion of 1892 he received 1S2J votes for President 
 (Mr. Harrison, of Indiana, receiving the nomina- 
 tion); died January 27, 1893. 
 
 Blair, Austin, was born at Caroline, Tonqi- 
 kins County, N. Y., February 8, 1818; gradnateil 
 from Union College, Schenectady, N. Y., in 1839; 
 studied law in Oswego for two years, and moved 
 to Michigan, where he began practicing in 1842; 
 county clerk of l^aton County, and jirosecuting 
 attorney for Jackson County; member of the State 
 legislature, serving in lioth branches; elected gov- 
 ernor of ilichigan in 1860; elected as a Represent- 
 ative from Michigan to the Fortieth, Forty-first, 
 and Forty-second Cougres.ses as a Republican; 
 died at Jackson, Jlich., August 6, 1S94. 
 
39(5 
 
 CONlHtESSIONAL DIRKCTiiUV. 
 
 Blair, Barnard, was Imni at Salciii, N. Y., in 
 ISiil; .•iliic'ati'il in tlif |pul)lii' hi-IidoIs; lii-ld several 
 |iulitiial iitliifs in liis nwn runnty; cK'ctcil a Uep- 
 rcsi-ntative from New York lo the Twentv-scvcntli 
 Concress as a WIiIk; ilii'<l at Salem, X. \ ., May I, 
 l.ssi). 
 
 Blair, Francis P., jr., was horn at I-cxinf;ton, 
 Ky., I'Vlirnary l!l, 1.S21; );ra<luate<l from rHneelon 
 ('olle;;c ill 1S4I; moveil to St. Lonis, stmlied law, 
 anil eommenii'cl pnutice therein IS^'i; visiteil the 
 Uoeky Mountains, ami wliile there enlisted as a 
 private in the retiimeni of Colonel I)oni|ihan, serv- 
 injr tlironi.'li the Mexiean war; after the war re- 
 siinieil prailiet' at SI. Louis; in IS.'iL' ami 1S">4 
 elected to the Mis.sonri le);islature; elected a Uep- 
 resenlalive from .Missouri to the Thirty-tifth 
 ('onj;ress as u Free Soiler; reelected to the Thirty- 
 sixth Coiijiress hy a close, vote; seat was coiitesteil, 
 I'Ut was awardeil him; resijrneil at the close of the 
 lirst session: ilefeated as a Free Soil lamlidate to 
 lill the vacancy for tin- remainder of the Thirty- 
 sixth Contrress; elected to Ihe Tldrty-.-evenlh and 
 Tliirty-eiiihlh Conjiresses; resifined his seat in Con- 
 ;;re.<s toentertlu' Tnion .Vrmy ascoloiiel; returned 
 to the Democratic ]iarty; candidate for Vice-Presi- 
 dent, l.'^iW; mendier of State lefrislature in 1870: 
 elected I'liited States iSenator (vice ,Iudj;e Drake, 
 resigned) as a Democrat; serveil from .lauuary -.">, 
 1.S7I, to March :f, 1S7;!; State insurance conunis- 
 sioner; ilii'dal .~^t. l.ouis, Mo., .luly ,*>. 1S7.^. 
 
 Blair, Henry W., of Plymouth, N. H.. was horn 
 at Campton, N. H., Decenitier ti, 1S;54; received a 
 conunon school ami ai-aileniic education; studied 
 law with William I.everett, at Plymouth; admitted 
 to the liar in May, l.S.")!!; ai>pointed prosecutinj; 
 attorney for I iraftou ( 'ounty in ISiiil; scrve<l in the 
 luion .\rmy as liculcnant-colniiel of the Fifteenth 
 New Hampshire Volunleers; mendier of the State 
 house of representatives in l.'^tili, and of the .state 
 senate in lS(i7-<'iS: elccteil a Kepre.sentative to the 
 Forty-fourth and Forty-tifth Congresses a.s a Ke- 
 puhliian, and declined a renomination to the 
 House of Repiesentatives of the I'"<irty-sixth Con- 
 press; elected to the Tniteil States Senate as a Ke- 
 puhlican to succeed Charles II. Hell, who had heen 
 temporarily appointc<l liy the executive of New 
 Hampshire, and took his seal .huie 20, 1S70, his 
 term expirini: .March .'5, 1885; he was appointed to 
 till the vacancy imtil the next .session of the legis- 
 lature in the month of ,Iune followinj:, wlii'n he 
 was electe<l to serve the halance <if the term which 
 wiiuld expire March.'!, IsiM: was i-andiilate for re- 
 eled ion auil <lefeatcd; declined tluMillice of United 
 States jmljie for the dislrici of New Hampshire; 
 was .selected wilhout his knowlcd;.'e hy Ihe Presi- 
 dent lo he envoy extraordinary and minister plen- 
 ipoti-ntiary to China; was nominated, conllrmeil 
 hy Ihe Senate, ainl appointed March li. ISOI; was 
 oiijei-livl III as persona imn prata liy Ihe l^hinese 
 (iovernmeiit, our (iovennneiit protestinj; atraiiist 
 the sulliciency of the ohjeetions; the ohjections 
 weri', lii-st, that he voted for the exclusion act of 
 1S.S.H. and. second, that he had ahused China and 
 Chinese lalmrers in dehate: Ihe lirst ohjection was 
 true and Ihi' second fal.^c; declineil oilier appoint- 
 ments; his resignation was accepted tlctoher l>, 
 18!i|. and he retired to private life, intending to 
 resume the practice of law, hut iK-int' urRed to Im- 
 n ciuididnte a.s a Kepresentalive to the I'-ifty-thinl 
 Con^n'ss he accepted the Kepuhlican nomination 
 and was elected. 
 
 Blair, Jacob B., was Imrnat Parkershurj;, Va.. 
 April 11, ISL'I; receive.l his edncatinn in the piihlic 
 scndolf"; stiidicil law and afterwanls praelictil; 
 
 pio.^eciitinj; atturnev for Kilchie County for sev- 
 eral years; tdecled a Kepresenlative from Vii-pinia 
 to the Thirty-.seveiitli Cou^rress as a rnioiiist; 
 elected a Kepresenlative from West Virninia to the 
 Thirty-eiphlh Conpress; was siirveyor-peneral of 
 I'lah; minister to Costa Uica; member of the 
 Wyoming supreme court for twelve years, and for 
 a number of vears occupied the same position in 
 riah; died February 12, 1001. 
 
 Blair. James, was horn at Lancasler, S. C. ; 
 received a liberal education; elected a Kepresenla- 
 tive from Soiilli Carolina lo (he .Seventeenth Con- 
 (iress as an autitariff Democrat, siTviu;; from De- 
 cember 2, 1,S21, to May S, m22, when he i-e.-inned; 
 elected to the Twenty-lirst Concre.-is as a I'nion 
 Democrat; reelected to the Twenty-second and 
 Twenty-third Conpres.ses as a Deniocnit: while 
 attemhuf; the theater one ni>;ht durinj; the (irst 
 session of the Twenty-lii-st Congress, heinp dis- 
 plea.sed with an actor, lired a shot at him, was 
 arrested and lined s^.i; his jihysicians teslilied that 
 he was under the iuthience of brandy and opium 
 taken for chronic rheuniatism; three weeks after- 
 wards, .Vpril 1, 18:54, he died at Washington. 1). C. 
 
 Blair. James G. , was horn in 1.S2.S; educated 
 in the pulilic schools; studied law ami beiraii jirac- 
 ticing at Canton; elected a Kepre.sentative from 
 Missouri to the Forty-second Con>.'re.«s as a I-iberal 
 Republican. 
 
 Blair, John, was born in Washington County, 
 Tenn.,in 1798; received a liberal education; mem- 
 ber of the .State hvislature, servinj; in liolh houses; 
 elected a Kepre.sentative from Tennessee to the 
 ICifihteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth. Twenty-lirst, 
 Twenty-second, and Twenty-third Cor,)rre.-vses a.s 
 a Democral: died at .lonesljoro, Washington 
 County, Tcnu.. .July 0. 1.8li:i. 
 
 Blair, Samuel S., was born in Pennsylvania 
 in 1821; receivml his education in the public 
 schools: elected a Kepresenlative from Penn- 
 sylvania to the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Reput>- 
 licau: rceleded lo the Thirtv-seventh Congre.-'s: 
 died at Ilolidayshurg. Pa., Decembers. US'.HI. 
 
 Blaisdell, Daniel, was Iwrnin New Hampshire 
 in 17t>0; received his education in the public 
 schools; member of the executive council ls(i:{- 
 1.S08: elected a Representativi' from New ]Iaiii|i- 
 shiiv to the IClevenlh Congress as a Federalist, 
 serving from Mav 22, 1.800, to March :>, 1811; died 
 in 1832. 
 
 Blake. Harrison O., was Ixmi at Newfane, 
 Vt., March 17. ISIS: receivtfl his education in 
 Ihe inililic schools; in 1.8:50 moved to Ohio, and 
 whili- engaged as a clerk in a store studied law; 
 admitted lo the bar and comiiien<-ed practice at 
 Medina; for four years a member of the legislature 
 of Ohio; president of the Slatesenale from 1S4S to 
 1840; elected a Representative from Ohio to Ihe 
 Thirty-sixth Cougre.ss (to till a vacancy caused by 
 Ihe death of Cyrus Spink) lus a Keiiiiblican: re- 
 elected In the T!drty-.s»'venth Congress; delegate 
 to the I^ivalists' convention at Philadelphia in 
 18r)l). 
 
 Blake. John, jr., was Iwirn at ^[ontgomery. 
 Oninge County. N. Y.; received a |iublic ,-cliool 
 educaliou: memU'r of the Slate li-gislatiire .1708. 
 1700. and I.SOO; sheriff of Orange County l.stW- 
 1.80.5: elecled as a Kejiresenlative from New York 
 to the Ninth and Ti'nth Coiigres-ses; memlMT of 
 Ihe Slat«- hyislature 1812-1:1; died at Montgoni- 
 erv, N. V. 
 
moGKAPHIE:^. 
 
 397 
 
 Blake, John L., of Orange, N. J., was born at 
 Boston, Mass., March 2,5, 1831; when 15 years old 
 nioveil to (_)ranfre, N. J.; admitted to practice in 
 1.S52 as an attorney and in 1855 as a counselor in 
 the courts of New Jersey; was a member of the 
 house of assembly in 1857; delegate to the national 
 Repulilican convention in 1876 at Cincinnati; in 
 the same year a candidate on the Repulilican 
 ticket for Presidential elector; elected tothe Forty- 
 sixth Congress as a Republican; after leaving t"on- 
 gress resumed the practice of law; in 1893 presiilent 
 of the Citizens' Gas Light Company of Newark; 
 died October 16, 1899. 
 
 Blake, Thomas H., was horn in Calvert County, 
 Md., .Inne 14, 1792: educated in the ]mblic schools 
 and studieil law at Washington, H. ('.; mem- 
 ber of the militia of the District of Columbia 
 which took part in the battle of Bladensliurg, in 
 1814; moved to Kentucky and thence to Indiana, 
 where heliegan the practice of law at Terre Haute; 
 lin isecuting attorney and judge of the circuit court ; 
 gave up the practice of law and became engaged 
 in mercantile pursuits; for several years a mem- 
 ber of the State legislature of Indiana; I'lei-ted a 
 Representative from Indianain the Twentieth Con- 
 gress as an Ailams Republican; defeated for reelec- 
 tion to the Twenty-tirst Congress, and declined to 
 be a candidate fur the Twenty-second Congress; 
 appointed Connnissioner of the General Land 
 Office by President Tyler, May 19, 1842, .serving 
 until April, 1845; appointed president of the P>ie 
 and Wabash Canal Company; visited England as 
 linancial agent of the State of Indiana; on his way 
 home from there died at Cincinnati, Ohio, Novem- 
 ber 28, 1849. 
 
 Blakeney, Albert Alexander, of Franklin, 
 ville Baltimore County, Mil., was born at Sher- 
 wood, in that county, September28, 1850; educated 
 in private schools; learned the cotton manufactur- 
 ing business and established the large c(jtton-duck 
 mills now located at Franklinville, Md.; nomi- 
 nated by his party in 1895 for county connnis- 
 sioner. and elected for a term of six years; after 
 serving a period of four years resigned; nomi- 
 nated on the first ballot by the Republicans for 
 the Fifty-seventh Congress, to which he was 
 elected. 
 
 Blanchard, John, was born at Peachaui, Vt., 
 and spent the early part cif his life on a farm; 
 graduated from Dartmouth College in 1812; re- 
 moved to York, Pa.; taught school and studicMl 
 law; admitted to the Ijar aiwl practiced; elected a 
 Reiiresentative from Pennsylvania in the Twenty- 
 ninth Congre.ss as a Whig; reelected to the Thir- 
 tieth Congress; died at Columbia, Pa., March 8, 
 1849. 
 
 Blanchard, Jonathan, was liorn in New Ilani]!- 
 shire; received his education in the public schools; 
 took an active part in the early stages of tlie Rev- 
 olution; was a Delegate from New Hampshire to 
 the Continental Congress 1793-94. 
 
 Blanchard, Ne-wton C, of Shreveport, La., 
 was biirn in Ka|iides Parish, La., .lamiary 29, 1849; 
 received an academic education: commenced the 
 study cif law at Alexandria, La., in 1808; entered 
 the law de|iartment of thel^niversity of Louisiana, 
 at New I lileans, in the winter of lS(i9, and gradu- 
 ated with tlie degree of bachelor (if laws in 1870; 
 commenced practiceat Shreveport in 1871; m 1876 
 made chairman of the Democratic committee of 
 Caddo Parish; took an active part in the ]iolitics 
 of the State looking to the restoration of the gov- 
 ernment of the State to the hands of her own pen- 
 
 pie; nominated by the Democracy i if Caddo Parish 
 for the position of rejiresentative delegate to tlie 
 State constitutional convention of 1879, and elected 
 l>y a large majority; elei^ted to the Forty-seventh 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the I'^orty- 
 eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty-fir.st, Fifty- 
 second, and Fifty-tliird Congresses as a Democrat; 
 appointed United States Senator to succet'il E. D. 
 White, appointed a.ssociate judge of the Su|ireme 
 Courtof the United States, and took hisseat March 
 12, 1894; when the legislature met in May follow- 
 ing was elected by that body for the remainder of 
 the term, receiving every vote cast in joint session 
 of the two houses except one; is now a judge of 
 the supreme court of Louisiana. 
 
 Bland, Richard, was born in Orange County, 
 Va., in 1708; graduated from William and Mary 
 College and the University of Kdinburgh; member 
 of the Virginia house of" bnrges.ses 1745 to 1769; 
 was known as "the Virginian .Vntitjuary," h.aviiig 
 investigated tlie settlement and progress of the 
 colony with great care; took a leaiiin.g part in the 
 Revolutionary movement; waschosen asa Delegate 
 to the Continental Congress 1774-1776; again 
 chosen, but declined to serve; died at Williams- 
 burg, Va. , October 28, 1776. 
 
 Bland, Richard Parks, of Lebanon, l\Io., was 
 born near Hartford, Ky., August 19, 1835; received 
 an academic education; moved to Missouri in 
 1855, thence to California, and thence tn that por- 
 tion of Utah now Neva<la, locating at N'irginia 
 City; practiced law; county treasurer of Carson 
 County, Utah Territory, frlmi IS()0 tmtil the or- 
 .sranization of the State "govermnent of Nevarla; re- 
 turned to Missouri in 1865; located at Rolla, Mo., 
 and practiced law with his brother, C. C. Bland, 
 until he moved to Lebanon in August, 1869, and 
 continued his practice there: elected to the Forty- 
 third, Forty-fourth, Fnrty-tifth, Forty-sixth, For- 
 ty-seventh. Forty-eighth, F\irty-ninth, Fiftieth, 
 F'ifty-tirst, Fifty-second, Fifty-third, Fifty-fifth, 
 and Fifty-sixth Congresses as a Democrat; died 
 .Tune 15, 1899; defeated for reelection to the Fifty- 
 fourth Congress. 
 
 Bland, Theodorick (an uncle of ,Tohn Ran- 
 dol]ih),was born in Prince George County, Va., in 
 1742; sent to England to be educated in 1753; 
 studied medicine at Edinburgh in 1761-1763 and 
 admitted to practice; returned lioiTie and took 
 part in the Revolutionary movements and entered 
 the Continental army as captain of the First Troop 
 of Virginia Cavalry; Delegate from Virginia to the 
 Continental Congress, 1780-1783; appointed by 
 (rovernor Henry lieutenant of Prince (Jeorge 
 County militia in 1785; member of the Virginia 
 convention of 1788 on the adojition of the Federal 
 Constitution, and was one of the minority which 
 o])posed its ratification; was elected as a Repre- 
 sentative from Virginia in the First Congress; took 
 his seat March 30, 1789, and served until the time 
 of his death, which occurred at New York, .Tune 
 1, 1790. 
 
 Bledsoe, Jesse, received a liberal educatitin; 
 studied law, and afterwards practiced in the courts 
 of Kentucky with great success; jirofessor of law 
 in the Transylvain'a University; elected Ignited 
 States Senator from Kentucky, "serving from May 
 24, 1813, until his resignation in 1815; apiwinted 
 chief justice of Kentucky; removed to Texas ami 
 continued the practice of law; died at Nacog- 
 doches, Tex., ,Tune :!0, 1837. 
 
 Bleecker, Hermanus, was born at .\lbanv, 
 X. Y.. in 1779: received a liberal eilucatinn: stud- 
 
30S 
 
 COXCRKSSIONAl, DIKKr'TnUY. 
 
 it'll lawiiiid ciiiniiu'iiced practice at Albany : elected 
 a Ke|ireseiilalive I'ruin New York ti) the Twelfth 
 (■<>ii).'ress as an anti-War FeileralisI; ' a|>piiiiiteil a 
 re;;ent nl' the I'niversitv of New York in ISL'2; 
 charce il'affaires in the Selherlan.ls, Mav l'.', 1842, 
 to June 28, 1845: dietl at Alhanv, N. Y'!, Julv 10, 
 1S4!I. 
 
 Bliss. Aaron T.. of Saginaw, Mich., wa>i born 
 at reterh..r.., Ma.lison County. N. Y.. May 22, 
 1S,'57: his fallur was a farmer: his early life was 
 that of theeoninion farmer hoy of that time, work- 
 inj; on the farm summers and atlendintr the dis- 
 trict school winteni: October 1, ISlil. eidisted as a 
 private in the Tenth New York Cavalry, servinj; 
 three yeai's and live months, six months of which 
 lime he was conlineil in the prisons of Anderson- 
 ville. Charleston. .Macon, and ColiMMliia; made 
 his esiape from Columbia, and after eifihleen 
 nights of travel throujrh rebel territory reached 
 Ihe Cnion lines: rose while in the service from 
 private to captain; nioveil to Michijjan in IV- 
 cember, 18Ik>, and has since resiilcd at .><airinaw, 
 where he eniraired in the manufacture of Unnber: 
 hits held many i>ositions of public trust in his own 
 county, havinj; been a supervisor, aUU'rman, iiresi- 
 dent of the school board for eleven con.-^ecutive 
 veal's: commander of IVnoyer I'ost. (i. .\. K., and 
 president of the Soldiers and Sailoiv' .\s.sociatiou 
 of northern Michifian; treasurer of the .Michifiau 
 Soliliers' Home: elected a member of the State 
 senate in 1882; ajipointed aid-<le-campon the staff 
 of (fovernor Alger, 188.5; held the siune position 
 on the staff of the couuuander in chief of the 
 (irand .\rmy of the Uepublic, l.'^S.S; electeil to 
 the rifty-lirst Congress as a Republican; elected 
 department conuuanilcr of the (irand .\rmy of the 
 Keimblic of Micbipiu; candidate for nomination 
 for gi>vernoron the Kepublican ticket in ISiUi, Init 
 was defeated by Mr. Pingree. 
 
 Bliss, Archibald M. , of Brooklyn. X. Y'., was 
 born at Brooklyn. .\. Y"., .lamiary 2."i, IS.SS; re- 
 ceived an aiademic education; engaged for nuiny 
 years in mercantile jiursuits; alderman of Brook- 
 lyn 18t)4-l,><(i7. serving in 18()t) a.s president of the 
 board; Kepublican candidate for mayor of Brook- 
 lyn in 18i>7; <lelegate to the national Kepublican 
 conventions at Baltimore in l,Sti4, at Chicago in 
 l.sii.s, 1,1 the IJU'ral national convention at Cin- 
 linnati in 1S72, and to the national Uemocrjitic 
 convention at St. l.ouis in ls7il; mendur of the 
 b.iardof water commi.ssionei-s of Brooklyn 1S71-72; 
 director in the >b'<dianics and Trailers' Bank of 
 Brooklyn and the Loaners' Bank of Ni'W York; 
 president and viie-president of the Bushwick Rail- 
 road Company from l.'^(i8 until 187S, and director; 
 director of the New York and Long Island Briilge 
 Company; elei'ted to the Forty-fourth. I'orty-lifth, 
 Korty-si.\lh, Forty-seventh, Forty-ninth, anil Fif- 
 tieth Congn-.s8e8 jw a Democrat. 
 
 Bliss, George, was bornat .leriebo. Vt.,.Taiuiary 
 1, ls|:;; received a liberal education, spendingsome 
 lime at tiranville College; studied law; admittt'd 
 to the bar in l.'<41 and commenced pniclice at 
 Wooster, < >hio; appointed presiding judge of the 
 eighth judicial district in 1.8.50, serving until the 
 ollice was vacateil owing to a change of the con- 
 Hlitution; elected a Ke|ire.senlntive from Ohio to 
 IheThirty-thinl Congress :us a Democrat: electeil to 
 thcThirty-eiirhlh Congress; defeated for reelection 
 to the Thirty-ninth Coniiress; delegate to the 
 national Inion convention at I'hiladelphia in 1.8(>ti. 
 
 Bliss, Philemon, wils born at Canton, Conn., 
 .Tuly 28, 1.S14: eibu-atiil at Fairfield .\crtdeniy and 
 Hamilton (.'ollege; studieil law and was admilteil 
 
 to the bar; moved to Ohio, where he commenced 
 ]ira<'tice; look a prominent pari in iheanlislaverv 
 movement and was eli'iled presii ling judge of the 
 fourteenth judicial circuit; elected a Representa- 
 tive from ojiio to the Thirty-fourth Congress a-s a 
 Re|iublican; reelected to the Thirty-fifth Congress; 
 appointed Cnited States judge for the Territory of 
 Dakota in bSlil by IVesident Lincoln; snlise- 
 i|uently moved to Columbus, >b)., and l>eejime 
 a judge of Ihe suiireme court of that State and 
 dean of the .Slate Cniversity, died at St. Paul, 
 Minn.. .\ut.'ust 2.5, l.ssii. 
 
 Blodgett, Foster, wa.s born at .\ugusia. <ia. ; 
 mayor of .\ugusla; served a short time in the 
 Confederalearmy ; postmaslerat .\ugiista; claimed 
 to have licen elected to the Cnileil Slates .<enate 
 as a Republican, his term beginning March 4, 
 1871, but the Senate gave the seat to Thomaii M. 
 Norwood; died at Atlanta, (ia., Xoveiuber 13, 
 1877. 
 
 Blodg-ett, Rufus, nf Longbranch, X. ,T., was 
 born at Dorchester, N. IL. October !>. }S:i4; re- 
 ceived a conunon school and academic education; 
 apjirentiied to the .\moskeag Locomotive Works, 
 of Manchester. X. IL, at the age of 18, where he 
 learned the trade of machinist: moved to Xew 
 .lersey in 18(>l> and eng-.iged in railroad busine.ss, 
 and is so engaged at present ; president of the Ix)ng 
 Branch City Bank, member of the Xew Jersey 
 legislature, house of a.-'.-eiubly, 1878-18,80; delegate 
 to the Democratic national convention at Cincin- 
 nati in 18S0; elected to the I'nited States Senate as 
 a Democrat to succeed Ihin. W. ,1. Sewell, Repub- 
 lican, and look his seal March 4, 1887. 
 
 Bloodworth, Timothy, was born in Xortli 
 Carolina in 173(>; inend)er of the State house of 
 representatives 1770-1784; Delegate to the Con- 
 tinental Congress 17.8()-87: mendier of the State 
 senate 17,S,S-80: elected a Representative from 
 Xorth Carolina to the First Congre.-is, serving from 
 A])ril ti, 171K1. to March .S. 1701; mend)er of the 
 State house of representatives 170.S-04; elected a 
 United Slates ."Senator, his term beginning Decem- 
 ber 7, 170.5, and ending March :i, 1801; collectorof 
 customsat Wihnington;died at Washington, N.C., 
 August 24, 1814. 
 
 Blooher, C. F., of St. Joseph, Mo., was elected 
 to the Fiftielh Congre.ss in place of J. X. Burns, 
 and took his seat February 25, 1880. 
 
 Bloomfield, Joseph, was born at Woodbridge, 
 N. J.: received an acadenuc education; studied 
 law; in 177ci entered the Revolutionary Army as 
 caiitain in the Third Xew Jersey Regiment, and 
 attained the rank of major before the close of the 
 war; resumed the study of law; conuneiiced pnic- 
 tice at Burlington, X. "J.; Slate attoriiey-geiiend; 
 governor of Xew .lersey 1801 and 180:!-1812; com- 
 missioned brigadier-geiiend ^larch IS, 1812. and 
 .served until Jmie 15, 1815; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Xew Jersey to the Fifteenth and Six- 
 teenth t.'ongres.ses as a l»eniocnit: died at Burling- 
 ton, X. J., OitoU'r;}, 1823. 
 
 Blount, James H., of Macon, Ga., was b<irn in 
 Georgia Scptendier 12. 1S:>7; elected to the Fortv- 
 third, I"orty-fourth, Forty-lifth, Forty-sixth, 
 Forty-seventh, Forty-eighlh, Forty-ninth. Fiftii'th, 
 Fifly-lii>t, ami Fifly-st^-ond Congres.-^csas a Demo- 
 crat; his last public .st-rvice was as comnd.«sioner 
 pan\mount to the Hawaiian Islands during Presi- 
 dent Cleveland's second term; on his re|iort .Mr. 
 Cleveland revi.sed the policy of Mr. Harrison; 
 retired from that j>ocition in 1803; died at Macon, 
 Ga., Manh 8, 1!HW. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 899 
 
 Blount, Thomas, was born in Edf^ecombe 
 Comity, N. C, in 1760; at the age of 1(5 j-ears 
 entered the Revolutionary army; in 1780 became 
 deputy paymaster-general: major connnanding a 
 • battalion of North Carolina militia at the battle of 
 Eutaw .Springs; major-general of militia; elected 
 a Representative from North Carolina to the Third, 
 Fourth, Fifth, Ninth, Tenth, and Twelfth Con- 
 gresses; die<l while a memberof Congress at Wasli- 
 ington, D. C, February 7, 181:2. 
 
 Blount, William, was born in Craven County, 
 N. C. , in 1 744 ; member of the house of commons of 
 North Carolina, 1780-1784; delegate tu the Conti- 
 nental Congress from North Carolina in 1782, 
 1783, 1786, and 1787; in 1790 was ajipointed gov- 
 ernor of the territory south of the C)liio River by 
 President Washington; chairman of the conven- 
 tion which framed the first State constitution of 
 Tennessee, Februarys, 1796; electeda Unite<lStates 
 Senator from Tennessee, serving from Decemljer 
 5, 1796, until he was impeached, found guilty, and 
 expelled, fi.ir having instigated the Creeks and 
 Cherokees to aid the British in con(|uering the 
 Spanish territory of west Florida, July 8, 1797; 
 during the trial was elected to the State senate of 
 Tennessee and chosen its president; died at Knox- 
 ville, Tenu., March 21, 1800. 
 
 Blount, ■William G. , was elected as a Repre- 
 sentative from Tennessee to the Fourteenth Con- 
 gress; reelected to the Fifteenth Congress, serving 
 from January 8, 1816, to March 3. 1819; secretary 
 of State of Tennessee; died at Paris, Tenn., May 
 21, 1827. 
 
 Blow, Henry T., was born in Southampton 
 County, Va., July 15. 1817; in 1830 moved to Jlis- 
 souri; graduated from the St. Louis University; 
 engaged in the wholesale drug business and later 
 beccjme interested largely in lead mines; member 
 of the State senate for t'liur years; minister resident 
 at Venezuela, June 8, 1861, to February 22, 1862; 
 elected a Representative from Jlissouri to the 
 Thirty-eight Congress as a Rejiublican; reelected 
 to the Thirty-ninth Congress; minister to Brazil 
 from May 1," 18t)9, to February 11, 1871; commis- 
 sioner for governing the District of Columbia 1874- 
 75; died at Saratoga, N. Y., .September 11, 1875. 
 
 Blue, Richard Whiting-, of Pleasanton, Kans., 
 
 was burn in Woi id County. Va., September 8, 1841; 
 brought up on a farm near where the city of (iraf- 
 ton is now located; worked on the farm during 
 the summer and attended such select schools as 
 that localit>' afforded during the ivinter season 
 (Virginia then had no free connnon schools); in 
 18.59 was sent to Jlonongalia Academy, at Morgan- 
 town, Va., which was then under the control of 
 Rev. J. R. Moore, where he remained several 
 years, first as a pupil and later as a teacher; after- 
 wards he entered Washington (Pa. I College, and 
 remained there until he enlisted in the Third West 
 Virginia ^■olunteer Infantry; served first as pri- 
 vate and later as lieutenant in said regiment; was 
 severely wounded at the battle of Rockv Gap, in 
 southwest Virginia; prisoner of war at Libby 
 Prison, Richmond, Va., anri at Panville, Va., fork 
 short time; the regiment was eventually moiuited, 
 and after the Salem raid was changed, by order of 
 the Secretary of War, to the Sixth West Virginia 
 Veteran Cavalry; it finished its services in a cam- 
 |iaign on the plains against the Indians, and was 
 nuistered out at Fort Leavenworth, Kans.; com- 
 manded Company F of said regiment wdiile on the 
 Plains; returning to Grafton, AV. Va., after the 
 discharge of his regiment, he taught school and 
 
 studied law; admitted to practice in Mrginia and 
 went West in 1870, locating in Linn County, Kans., 
 in 1871; lawyer by profession and was in active 
 practice when elected to Congress; probate judge 
 of his county two terms, county attorney two 
 terms, and a State senator of Kansas two "terms; 
 elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican; resumed the practice of law after leaving 
 Congress. 
 
 Boardman, Elijah, was born at New Milford, 
 Conn., ilarch 7, 1760; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; became ta.^aged in mercantile pursuits; 
 member of tlie State house of representatives and 
 of the executive council for several years; a United 
 States Senator from Connecticut, serving from 
 December 3. 1821, until his death, which occurred 
 at Boardman, Ghio, October 8, 1823. 
 
 Boardman, William W. , wa-^ born at New 
 ^Slilford, Conn., October 10. 1794; receiveil a liberal 
 education, grailuating from Yale College in 1812; 
 studied law in the Cambridge and Litchfield law ■ 
 schools, and afterwards practiced at New Haven; 
 judge of probate; for several years a member of 
 the State house of representatives, serving as 
 speaker for one j'ear; elected a Rejiresentative 
 from Connecticut to the Twenty-sixth Congress as 
 a Whig (to fill the vacancy caused by the resigna- 
 tion of William L. Storrs) ; reelected to theTwenty- 
 seventh Congress. 
 
 Boarman, Aleck, was born in ilississippi in 
 18:W; received his education in the Kentucky Mili- 
 tary Institute, Frankfort, Ky.; studied law and 
 afterwards practiced at Shreveport; elected a Rep- 
 resentative to the Forty-second Congress ( in place 
 of James McCleary, deceased) as a Liberal, and 
 served from December 3, 1872, to JIarch 3, 1873. 
 
 Boatner, Charles J., of Slonroe, was born at 
 Columbia, in the parish of Caldwell, La., January 
 23, 1849; admitted to the bar in January, 1870; 
 elected a memberof the State senate in 1876, which 
 position he resigned in 'Slay, 1878; was a candidate 
 for Congress in 1884, and defeated by Gen. J. Floyd 
 King, the then incumbent; elected to the Fifty- 
 first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses, aiid 
 received the certificate of election to the Fifty- 
 fourth C<:)ngress, but his seat was declared vacant 
 March 20, 1896. At a special election held June 
 10, 1896, lie was elected to the short term of the 
 Fiftv-fourth Congress as a Democrat; died at New 
 Orleans, La., March 21, 1903. 
 
 Bockee, Abraham, was born at Northeast, 
 Dutchess County, N. Y., in 1783; educated in the 
 public schools; in 1.S20 was a memlier of the State 
 assembly; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Twenty-first Congress as a .lackson 
 Democrat; again elected to the Twenty-third and 
 Twenty-fourth Congresses; member of the State 
 senate, 1842 to 1845; first judge of the Dutchess 
 Count V court, 1846; died at Poughkeepsie. N. Y., 
 June 1, 1865. 
 
 Bocock, Thomas S., was born in Buckingham 
 County, Va., in 1815: graduated at Ilamjjden- 
 Sidney College: studied law: attorney for Appo- 
 i mattox County in 184.5—46; member of t he Virginia 
 house of delegates for several years: elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Virginia to the Thirtielh. Tliirtv- 
 first, Thirty-second, Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, 
 Thirty-fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses as a 
 Democrat; in 1861 elected as a representative from 
 Virginia to the Confederate Congress and on Febru- 
 ary 18, 1862. was chosen speaker of the house; 
 died ill Appomattox County, Va., August 5. 1891. 
 
401) 
 
 ('(INdHKSSIo.N Al, l)IKi;( TdUY. 
 
 Boden, Andrew, was lioiii iit Ciiilislc, I'a. : 
 ii'ifiviil lii> iilii.alion in tlu' pulilic silmols; 
 I'U'ctc'il u Uc|iiisiMlativc fnmi IViiiii-ylvaiiia to tlii' 
 Fifteenth anil Sixteenth Cuiiffresses. 
 
 Bodine, Robert N., of I'aris, Mn.. wa.'* l)orn 
 Ueeeniher I 7. ISliT, iji MunnieCunnly, Mci. : ^.'radn- 
 ateil fioni the Missunii Iniveisity; |irin<-ii)al of tlie 
 I'aris pulilic seliool I'nra nnnilierof years; enjrajreil 
 in the |iraclice of law; heiil tlie olliee of proseeut- 
 inji: attorney; electe<l twiee a nu-niber of tlie Mis- 
 souri lefrislatnre, in wliii-li caitai-ity was a rnenil>er 
 of the eonuiiittee on the revision of the statutes; 
 ineinher of tlie Ixiani of re^rents of the Kirksville 
 Normal Sehool at the time of his nomination for 
 Coniiress; eleeted to the Fifty-fiftli ( 'onj;ress as a 
 J)einocrat. 
 
 Bodle, Charles, wasa uativeof Sullivan County, 
 X. Y.; held several jiolitii'al otfiees at IJlooniint:- 
 linrj;; elected a Kepresentalive from New York to 
 theTwentv-third C'onnress; died at New York Citv 
 in 1836. 
 
 Boen, Haldor E.,of Fergus Falls, Minn., was 
 licirn al Sondre Aurdal, Valdii-s, Norway, .January 
 ■_'. 1S.">1; receivt'il a eonimou school education, and 
 emigrated to Minnesota in ISiiS; located in ( )ttei'- 
 tail County January 1, IS71, and worked in the 
 auditor's oliice one year, eompnting the lirst taxes 
 levied in that county; in 1S72 settled on his farm 
 in the to\vnshi|> of .\urdal. and during the next 
 six years worked on this farm in summer and 
 taught iu the jnihlii' schools during winter; held 
 various town ollice.s and was county I'ommissioucr 
 one year; May HI, 1.SS4, a.ssisted in organizing the 
 Ottertail County Farmers' Alliance, and was nia<le 
 its secretary, which position he held for seven 
 years, resigning after having heen eleeted the 
 eighth time; corresponding secretary of the Min- 
 nesota State Farmers' Alliance l.SS(>-S7; its vice- 
 president at large ISSS-Si). being each time eleeted 
 withouta dis.senting vote; at meeting of tlieexecu- 
 tive i-onnnittee of the State Alliance in ISSit he 
 offered a re.solutioii rei|Uesting the legislature, then 
 in session, to pmvidi' for manufacturing liimling 
 twine in the penitentiary at Stillwater, which wa< 
 ailopted. and as a <omniittce ap|)ointed to lay that 
 pro])osition before the legislature and the governor 
 lie secured the adoption of his plan by the State; 
 clerk of the house committee on railroads during 
 the legislature of 1SS7; elected register of deecls 
 in 1.S.SS, and reelecleil in 1,K!1(); chairman of Fifth 
 Congressional district .Mliance committee in l.HiM); 
 chairman of tlu' l^irst Congressional committee of 
 the I'eople's I'arty in the Seventh district in ISifJ; 
 elected to the Fi ft v-t bird Congress as the candidate 
 of the I'<-ople's I'iirty. 
 
 Boerum, Simon, was lx)rn at Brooklyn, N. Y. ; 
 received a libeial education; county clerk of Kings 
 t'<punty 17."ill-l7.V>; mendier of the colunial as.^em- 
 bly I7lil-I77.">; deputy to the provincial conven- 
 tion .\pril, 177.i; Delegate to the Continental Con- 
 gress from New York 177.^-1777. 
 
 Bogy. Lewis V., was born at .ste. (ienevieve. 
 Mo., .\pril il. ISI.!; I'ducated in the public schools; 
 clerk in a store; studied law in Illinois uniler 
 .luilge I'ope. and then at the lawsihuwl at Lexing- 
 ton, Ky.. where he graduated in the spring of 
 IK^; began [iraetice in St. I,ouis; elected several 
 times to the State legislature of Mi.ssouri; Coni- 
 niissioiier of Indian Affairs l,'Mi7-<>.S; one of the 
 projectors of the .Sf, Louis and Iron Mountain 
 Hallway, serviiiL' lus president of tln' lompany for 
 two vears; eleele*.! u Lulled States Senator from 
 
 Mis.souri as a Democrat to succeed F. 1'. Ulair, 
 Democrat, and took his scat .March 4, 1S7;!; dieii 
 at St. Louis, .'\lo., September 'Jit, ls77. 
 
 Bokee, David A., was born at New York City; 
 educatcil in the public scIuhiIs; elected a l{ei)re- 
 sentative from New York to the Thirty-lirst Con- 
 gress as a Whig; appointed by President Fillmore 
 naval ollicer of the port of New York; ilied in 
 \Va,-hingt<.n, D. ('., March Mi, IH6(). 
 
 Boles, Thomas, was born in .Johnson County, 
 .\rk.. .July Hi, ls:!7; spent his early life on a farm; 
 received a linnted common .••■chool e<lucation; 
 deputy clerk of the circuit court of Yell County in 
 l.S,"itl anil I.Sdll. during which time he studied law; 
 in September, ISliO, admitted to the bar; servwl in 
 the Cnion .\rrny as captain during the civil war; 
 in lSt).'i eleeted i-ircnit judge of the I'ourth jmlieial 
 circuit of .\rkansas and resigned .\pril "JO, l.siiK, 
 having been elected to Cojigress; elected a Kepre- 
 sentalive from .\rkansas to the Fortieth Congress 
 as a Hepubliean without opposition; ret-lected to 
 the Forty-lir.st and Forty-second Congre.s.ses, Mr. 
 John Fdwards received the certilicate of election 
 to the iMirtv-.secoiid Congress and toi>k the seat, 
 but the II !use declared .Mr. Boles eiilitleil to it, 
 and he was sworn in Februarv it, IS72, serving 
 fri>m .luuelM, bSfW, until .March .'(, 1S7;J. 
 
 Bond, Shadrack, was born in Maryland; re- 
 ceived a liberal education; moved to Kaskaskia 
 (now in the State of Illinois, then in Indiana Ter- 
 ritory! ; meniberof the Icgislatureof the Territory 
 of Illinois; Delegate from the Territory nf Illinois 
 to the Thirteenth Congress; appointed receiver of 
 jpublic money at Kaskaskia iu ISM; the lirst gov- 
 ernor of Illinois after its admission as a. State, 1S18- 
 1S22; died at Kaskaskia, 111., April Hi, 1.832. 
 
 Bond, William Key, was born in St. Mary 
 County, Md.; ri'ceived a liberal education; stuilied 
 law ami afterwards practiced at Chillicothe, Ohio; 
 elected a Kepresentative from Ohio totheTwenty- 
 fourth Congress as a 'Vhig; reelected to the 
 Tweuty-lifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses; ajv 
 pointi'd colle<tor of customs at Cincinnati: died at 
 Cincinnati. Ohio. February 17, 1874. 
 
 Bonde, Thomas, was eleeted a Kei>resentative 
 from IV'unsylvania to the Seventh Congress. 
 
 Bonham, Milledge L., was born at F.<lgetield, 
 .S. C., December 2.i, 181:!; grailnated from the 
 I'niversity of South t'arolina in 1SH4; studied law, 
 and commenced practice at Fdgelield in 1S.'{7; 
 served as major and adjutant-general of the South 
 Carolina Brigade in the .'^euunole war in Florida 
 in lS3(i; during the .Mixican war wa-^ lieutenant- 
 colonel and colonel of the Twelfth Inited Stati>s 
 Infantry; major-geuend of the .Sjuth Carolina 
 Militia; elected a Uei>re,s<'ntative from South Car- 
 olina to the Thirty-lift h Congress as a States-Rights 
 Democrat over Charles I'. Sullivan, and reelected 
 to the Thirty-sixth Congre.-'S without opposition, 
 .serving from Deceinlx-r 7, 1S.")7, until he withdrew 
 with the other me'idiei-s of the South Carolina 
 delegation Deceniber2l, ISliO; lommissioneil brig- 
 adier-general iu the Coiifedenile .\rmy .\pril 111, 
 1861; eommamled tlu- iinlerof (ii'ueral Beaun-- 
 gard's army in the tii>t battle of Manas.sas; re- 
 signed his eommi.-ision to enter the Confi-derate 
 Congre.-vs .January 27, 1S62: in December following 
 was elected governor of South Carolina and iu 
 January, I.SIi.'S, was again commissioned brigadier- 
 general in the army; iiclei:ate to the national 
 Democratic cduvention at New York in I8(!.S; ilied 
 al White Sulphur Spriugs, N. C, August 27, ISltO. 
 
BIOGEAPHIES. 
 
 401 
 
 Bonzano, M. F., was born in Louisiana; elerted ' 
 a Kepicsentative I'runi tliat State to the Thirty- 
 eiglith C 'i maress as a Kepul ilican ; liis seat was eon- [ 
 teste^l; a majority of the Committee on Elections ] 
 reported tliat lie was entitled to his seat, but the 
 opposition was so strong that no vote was taken 
 on the resolution; on the last day of the session he 
 was voted S2,U0O for compensation, mileage, and 
 ex])enses. 
 
 Boody, Azariah, was liorn in New Yorlv City 
 and educat^l in the ]iub!ir schools; interested to 
 a great extent in the construction of railroads; 
 elected a Representatix'e from Xew York to the 
 Thirty-third Congress as a Whig; compelled to 
 resign l.iefore taking his seat on account of the 
 extensive railroail contracts into which he had 
 entered but coul.l not complete before the com- 
 mencement of the session. 
 
 Booker, George W. , was burn in Patrick 
 County, Va., December 5, 1821; educate<l in the 
 public schools; taught school and studied law; 
 elected a justice of the peace in Henry County; 
 presiding justice of Henry County court for ten 
 years; an unconditional Union man during the war 
 of the rebellion; elected to the State legislature of 
 Virginia in 1865; nominated by the Republican 
 party in 1868 and elected attorney-general on the 
 Wells ticket, which position he resigned in 1869; 
 elected a Representative from Virginia to the 
 Forty-first Contrrcss us a Conser\-ative, serving from 
 January ;^1, 1870, to March S, 1871. 
 
 Boon, Ratlifif, was Ijorn in Franklin County, 
 N. C, in 1781; educated in the public schools; 
 moved to Indiana; elected a Representative from 
 that State to the Nineteenth Congress as a .Jackson 
 Democrat; defeated for reelection to the Twentieth 
 Congress; elected to the Twenty-first, Twenty- 
 second, Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, and Twenty- 
 fifth Coneresscs: died in Louisiana Novendier 20, 
 1844. 
 
 Boone, Andrew R. , was l)orn in Da^"idson 
 County. Tenn., Ajiril 4, 1831; moved, with his 
 parents, in 18:i3 to Grave.s County, Ky. ; received a 
 limited education in the public schools; studied 
 law and admitted to the bar October, 1851; 
 elected judge of the Graves County court in 1854 
 for four years and reelected in 1858; resigned as 
 county judge in 1861 and elected to the Ken- 
 tucky legislature in that year, but resigned the 
 same year; elected circuit judge for the first 
 judicial district of Kentucky in 1868 for six years; 
 elected a Representative from Kentucky to the 
 Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Booth; Newton, was born at Salem, Ind., 
 December 25, 1825; graduated from the Asbury 
 University in 1846; studied law at Terre Haute; 
 admitted to the bar in 1850, and removed to 
 California, where he temporarily aViaudoned his 
 profession and engaged in mercantile pursuits at 
 Sacramento; returned to Terre Haute in 1857: 
 practiced law thereuntil 1860, when he again went 
 to California; elected to the State senate in Cali- 
 fornia in 1863; elected go\-ernor of California in 
 1871, and served until I\Iarch, 1874, when he re- 
 signed, having been elected to the United States 
 Senate as an Antimonopolist, to succeed Eugene 
 Casserly, Deniocrat (whose unexpired term had 
 been filled by the election of ,Iohn S. Hager, 
 Antimono)iolist I, and took his seat JNIarch 9, 1875, 
 serving until March 3, 1881; died at Sacramento, 
 Cal., Julv 14, 1892. 
 
 Booth, Walter, was born at M'oodbridge, 
 Conn., December 8, 1791; educated in the public 
 schools; located at JNIeriden and became interested 
 in manufacturing; member of the State assendjly 
 and of the State senate for several years; associate 
 judge of the county court 1834; major-general of 
 militia; elected to the Thirty-first Congress as a 
 Free Soiler. 
 
 Boothman, M. M., of Brvan, Ohio, was born 
 in Williams County, Ohio, October 16, 1846; fol- 
 lowed farming until January 4, 1864, when he en- 
 listed in Company H, Thirty-eighth Ohio Volun- 
 teer Infantry, ' ' for three years or during the war;" 
 served through the Atlanta camjiaign; attended 
 school, when not working or teaching to get funds, 
 until Ai)ril, 1871, when he received the degree of 
 LL. B. from the law department, Michigan Uni- 
 versity; elected treasurer of Williams County in 
 October, 1871; reelected in 1873, holding the office 
 six years; engaged in the practice of law when 
 elected to the Fiftieth Congress as a Republican, 
 and reelected to the Fifty-first Congress. 
 
 Booze, William S., of Baltimore, Md., was 
 born in that city January 9, 1862; educated in the 
 public schools and at the Baltimore (^ity College; 
 graduated from the latter in 1879; studied medi- 
 cine and graduated from the College of Physicians 
 and Surgeons in 1882; nominated for Congress by 
 the Republicans of the Third Congressional dis- 
 trict in 1894 against Harry AVelles Rusk, whose 
 election to the House of Representatives he con- 
 tested unsuccessfully; renominated in 1896 and 
 electeil to the Fifty-fifth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Borden, Joseph, was an early settler at Bor- 
 dentown, N. J.; Delegate from New Jersey to the 
 Colonial Congress which met at New Ytirk Octo- 
 ber 7, 1765; his residence was burned by British 
 troops in 1778. 
 
 Borden, Nathaniel B., was born at Fall River, 
 Mass., Apr. 15, 1801; member of the State house 
 of representatives in 1831 and 1834; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from JIassai-husetts to the Twenty- 
 fourth Congress, on the second trial, as a Van Buren 
 Democrat, and reelected to the Twenty-fifth Con- 
 gress; defeated as a Whig candidate for election to 
 the Twenty-sixth Congress; elected to the Twenty- 
 seventh Congress as a Whig on the second trial, 
 serving from May 31, 1841 to :March 3,' 1843; 
 State senatoi', 184.5-1848; member of the State 
 house of representatives in 1851; died at Fall 
 River, Mass., April 10, 1865. 
 
 Boreing, Vincent, of London, I>aurel County, 
 Ky., was Ijorn November 24. 1.S39, in Washington 
 County, Tenn.; moved with his father, Slurry 
 Boreing, to Laurel County, Ky., in 1847; educated 
 at Laurel Seminary, London, Ky., and Tusculum 
 College, Greenville, Tenn.; volunteered in the 
 Union Army, in Company A, Twenty-fourth Ken- 
 tucky Volunteer Infantry, November 1, 1861, as 
 private soldier; on account of meritorious conduct 
 was commissioned first lieutenant from the ranks 
 by Governi>r Branilett, of Kentucky; severely 
 wounded in the battle of Resaca, * ia., Jlay 14, 1863; 
 elected county superintendent of jiublic schools in 
 1868 and 1870; founded (as erlitor and publisher) 
 the Mountain Echo, at London, Ky., in 1875, the 
 first Republican newspaper ]>ublished in south- 
 ea.«tern Kentucky; elected county judge in 1886; 
 president of the Cumlierland Valley Land Com- 
 ]iany in 1S87; president of the First National Bank 
 of London, Ky., ni 1888; represented the Kentucky 
 conterence as a lay delegate in the general confer- 
 
 H. Doc. 458- 
 
 •ii> 
 
402 
 
 CONGRKSSIONAL DIRKCTDRY. 
 
 eiuv of tlu' Mi'thodist Episoo]im Cliurcli at Cinciii- 
 nati, Oliio, in ISSO, uiiii ISiHi at ('Ifvclaiul, Dliio; 
 <le|>artnierit<iiiiiiiiaiuli"ri)f the Ih'partnu'iit of Keii- 
 tui'ky, (.iraiiil Army of the i;ep\ililii-, in ls^^!l; 
 eU'<'te<l tothe I'ilty-sixth, Kifly-seveiilh, aii^l Kifly- 
 eijihth C'onfiies.-'es iU" a He|>uliliean. 
 
 Boreman, Arthur Inghram, wa.n horn at 
 \Vaynesl>uif;, I'a., .Inly -A. ISL'S; inoveil to west- 
 ern Vir;;inia ami edneated in the ])ublie s('1io<i1h 
 ther<>: stiidieil law; adniilled to the har in 1.S45 
 and afterwards jiraetieed at I'arkerslHirj:; ek-eted 
 tothehnnseof deleiiales cif Vir;:inia in [Xrt'i and 
 reeleeti'd until ISliO; also a nienilierof the extra 
 session of the letrislatnre in IStil, taking an aetive 
 part against the seeession movement; |>resident of 
 the Wheeling eonvention of ISlil to reorjranizc the 
 government of Virginia; t'lected jnd);e of thceir- 
 cuit et)nrt in Oetoher, 1S(>1, and held the ofHce 
 until INti:!, wlien he was elected (rovernor of West 
 Virfiinia; twice reelected ami was still in that ofiice 
 when he was elei'ted Initol States Senator as a 
 Kepublican for the term ISOit-l.STS; died at I'ar- 
 kersburg, W. Va., April 19, 1896. 
 
 Borland, Charles, jr., was born in Onin<re 
 County, N. Y.; inemher of the general a.s.sernl)ly 
 in IS'JOand l.S:,'!; elected a Hepresentative from 
 New York tothe Seventeenth Congress, to till tlie 
 vacancy canseil by the death of Tuthill; again a 
 mend>er of the general assembly of the State of 
 New York in l.SSO. 
 
 Borland, Solon, was born in Virginia; received 
 a liberal education in North Carolina; studied 
 medicine and afterwanls ])raeticed, locating at 
 Little Kock, Ark.; served tlironghout the .Mexican 
 war as major of Yell's Arkan.«as volunteer cavalry 
 and as volunteer aid to Major-tieneral North; ap- 
 pointed Cniteil States Senator from Arkansas as a 
 Democrat, to till the vacancy caused by the resig- 
 nation of Ambrose II. Sevier, and subsci|uently 
 elected by the legislature to till Mr. Sevier's imex- 
 pired term, serving from April 24, 1.S4.H, to April 
 8, IS.i.'i; appointed by rri'sidcnt I'ierce njinistiT to 
 Nicaragua and the other Central American Repub- 
 lics, .'serving from April 18, 18.">:i, to June :iO, 18.54; 
 appointed governor of New Mexico, but declineil; 
 re.sunied the practice of medicine at Little Kock; 
 raised a brigade of Cimfederate troops ami took 
 possession of Kort Smith April L'4, l."<(il; raised the 
 Thinl .\rkansas Confederate Cavalry anil wius its 
 colonel; appointeil a brigadier-general in the Con- 
 federate service; died in Texas January 31, 18(54. 
 
 Borst, Peter I. , was born at Middlebury, X. Y., 
 and educated in the common schools; elected a 
 Kepresentativefrom New York to the Tweuly-lii-st 
 Congress as a .Tackson Democrat; died at Middle- 
 bury, N. Y.. Noviinber 14, 1848. 
 
 Boss, John li. , jr., was elected a liepre.senta- 
 live from Rhode Island to the Fourteenth and 
 Fifteenth Congre.s.ses. 
 
 Bossier, Pierre Evariste, was a native of 
 lyouisiana. of a Creole family which was among 
 the first settlers nf tin- Kreni-h colony; received a 
 classical eiluiation; served ten years in lh<' State 
 senate; elected a Repre.-'enlalive from Louisiana 
 to the Twcnty-eightli Congress as a Calhoun 
 Democrat by a large majority, serving from 
 DecemlH'r 4, l.'<4.'i, until his death, which occurreil 
 at Washington, I). C, April 24, 1.844. 
 
 Boteler, Alexander K., was born at Shep- 
 herdslown, .lefferson Coimty, Va., May 10, 181.'i; 
 graihiated from Princeton College in l.s.'t"), and 
 devoted himself to agriculture and literary work; 
 
 in 18.")2 a Whig Presidential elector ami in 18.56 
 an American Presi<leidial elector; electeil a Re|i- 
 resentative from Virginia to the Thirtv-sixth 
 t'ongre.-is as a National American; after leaving 
 Congress he entere<l the Confeilerate .\rmy and 
 for .some time was a member of .<tonewall .lack- 
 .son's staff; chosen by tlie .State louvention a 
 Representative from Virginia to the Confeilerate 
 Provisional Congress (in the jilace of James M. 
 -Mason, resigneil) Novendier 19, 18()1; elected 
 a Rei>re.sentative from Virginia to the First Con- 
 federate Congress; ap[)ointeil a menilKT of the 
 Centennial Counni.ssion; after the war was 
 app<pinled a miMnber of the Tariff Connnission 
 by Presiileiit Arthur, and sulise(|Ueutly made 
 pardon clerk in the Department of Justice by 
 Attorney-Ceneral Brewster; died May 8, 1892. 
 
 Botkin, Jeremiah D., of Winlield. Kans.,\va8 
 born Ajiril 24, 1.S4H, in Logan County, II..; edu- 
 cated in tountry schools; sjient one year in De 
 I'anw I'niversity, at (.ireencastle, Ind.; went into 
 the Methixlisf miidstry and serve<l six yeare as 
 presiding elder; delegate to the general conference 
 of the Methodist Church hekl in New York City 
 in 18.88, and to the ecumeni<'al conference in 
 Washington, D. C., 1891; was early imbued with 
 abolition sentiments and was a Kepublican; made 
 three attenijits to enter the Army iluring the last 
 year of the war, but being un<ler age and size was 
 rejected; Prohibition candidate for governor of 
 Kansas in 1888; defeated as a Populist to the Fifty- 
 fonrtli. but elected to the Fifty-fifth Congress as a 
 Fusiojiisl. 
 
 Botts, John Minor, was born at Dumfries, Va., 
 
 SeptendiiT l'>, lS(r_'; his parents met theirdeath at 
 the Richmond Theater lire and lu' was left an or- 
 phan in isl 1 ; received a lil)eral education; studieil 
 law, and jiracticed for six years; became engaged 
 in agricultural jmrsnits; meml>erof theState house 
 of representatives ].S;J.'{-18H9; elet-ted a Represen- 
 tative from Vii-ginia to the Twenty-sixth and 
 Twenty-seventh Congres.sesasa Henry Clav Whig; 
 defeated as the Whig candidate for the 'I'wenty- 
 eighth Congress; elected to thcTliirtieth Congress 
 an a Henry Clay Whig, but defeated for tiie Thirty- 
 first anil Thirty-second Coiigre.s-ies; o|)posed the 
 secession of Virginia, and for his devotion to the 
 I'nion was imprisoned in 1.8(i2; a delegate to the 
 Southern Loyalists convention in 1M>I>; published 
 the (ireat Rebellion — Its .S'cret History; died at 
 Richmond, Va., January 8. l.Sti'.t. 
 
 Bouck, Gabriel, of Oslikosh. Wis., was l)orn 
 at Fulton, Schoharie County, N. Y.. Deceml)er 16, 
 1828; graduated from I'nion College in 1.847; by 
 jirofession a lawyer; .settled in Wiscnnsin in 1.848; 
 attorney-general of the State in 1S.5S and 18.59; 
 member of the Stale a.s.«embly in bsiiOand 1874, 
 serving the last year as speaker; I'emocpatic can- 
 didate for Congress in 1S74; deleLiite to the na- 
 tional Democratic conventions iif ISliS and 1872; 
 entered the military service in the war for the 
 I'nion as ea|)tain in 1861, and was promoted to 
 colonel in 1862; elected to the Forty-liflh and 
 J Forty-sixth Congre.sses as a Democrat: resumed 
 law practice al Oshkosh, Wis. 
 
 Bouck, Joseph, was l>orn in New York and 
 educated in the public schonls; eleeti-fl a Repn-- 
 sentative from New York to the Twenty-second 
 Ci ingress. 
 
 Boudinot, £lias, was born at Philadelphia. 
 May 2. 1740; received a liberal eilucalion; studieil 
 law and afterwards practiced; commissary -general 
 of prisoners in the Revolutionary .Srmy. 1776-1779; 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 403 
 
 Delegate from New Jersey to the Continental 
 Congress, 1777-78, and 1781-84; resumed the 
 practice of law; elected a Representative from New 
 Jersey to the First, Second, and Third Congresses; 
 Director of the Jlint from October, 1795, to July, 
 1805; locating at Burlington, devoted his time to 
 Bililical literature and his fortun(> to charitable 
 and religious purposes; died at Burlington, N. J., 
 October 24, 1821. 
 
 Bouldin, James W. (brother of Thomas T. 
 Rouldin ), wasl>urnin Virginia; elected a Represen- 
 tative frnni Virginia to the Twenty-third (Vmgress 
 ( to till the vacancy caused liy the death of Tliomas 
 T. Bouldin) as a .Jackson Democrat, and reelected 
 to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth (Congresses. 
 
 Bouldin, Thomas T. (brother of James W. 
 Bouldin), was born in Virginia in 1772; spent his 
 early life on a farm; received a lilieral education; 
 studied law and afterwards jiracticed; appointed 
 judge of the general court, and served until elected 
 a Representative to the Twenty-tirst, Twenty- 
 second, and Twenty-third Congresses as a Demo- 
 crat; soon after entering ui>on his third term, and 
 as he arose to rejily to a rebuke administered to 
 him l)y bis colleague, Hon. Henry A. "Wise, for 
 having neglected to call the attention of the House 
 to the death of his predecessor, he was seized with 
 an apoplectic fit and died instantlv, February 11, 
 IHIil. 
 
 BouligTiy, Dominique, was born in Louisiana 
 and educated in the public schools; studied law 
 and practiced at New Orleans; elected a United 
 States .Senator from Louisiana (in place of Henry 
 Johnson, resigned), serving from December 21, 
 1824, to March 3, 1829; died at New Orleans, La., 
 March .5, 183.S. 
 
 Bouligny, John Edmund (nephew of Domi- 
 nique Bouligney), was born at New Orleans Feb- 
 ruary 25, 1824; educated in the public schools; 
 studied law and practiced at New Orleans; held 
 several local nftices; elected a Representative from 
 Louisiana tci the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Na- 
 tional American, and was the only Representative 
 from the seceding .States who did not leave his 
 seat; died at Washington, D. C, February 20, 
 1864. 
 
 Bound, Franklin, of Milton, Pa., was born at 
 Milton, Northumberland County, Pa., in 1829; 
 educated in the common schools and at the old 
 Milton Academy; taught school; attended the law 
 school at Easton, Pa., admitted to the bar in 1853 
 at Easton, and practiceil in his native town; elected 
 to the senate of Pennsylvania in 1860 as a Repub- 
 lican from one of the strongest Democratic districts; 
 served three years, but declined a renoraination; 
 a delegate to the national convention at Chicago 
 that nominated Grant and Colfax; served as a 
 private in one of the emergency regiments called 
 for the defense of the State; was mustered into the 
 United States service and dischai^ed with his regi- 
 ment; elected to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Con- 
 gesses as a Republican; resumed the practiceof law. 
 
 Bourn, Benjamin, was liorn at Bristol. R. I., 
 September!*, 1755; ijraduated from Harvard College 
 in 1775; studied law ami practiced at Providence, 
 where he held several jiublic othces; member of 
 tlie general assembly of Rhode Island; in 1776 was 
 quartermaster of the Second Rhode Island Regi- 
 ment; one of a committee sent with a petition 
 from Rhode Island to the Continental Congress in 
 1789; elected the first Representative from Rhode 
 Island to the First Congress, and reelected to the 
 Second, Third, and Fourth Congresses, serving 
 
 until 1796, when he resigned; appointed judge of 
 the LTnited States district court for the district 
 of Rhode Island in 1801; died September 17, 1808. 
 
 Bourne, Shearjashub, was born in Massachu- 
 setts; received a liberal education, graduating from 
 Harvard College in 1764; studied law and jiracticed 
 at Boston; chief justice of the court of common 
 pleas for Suffolk County, Mass. ; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from JNIassachusetts to the Second and 
 Third Congresses; died in 1806. 
 
 Boutell, Henry Sherman, Republican, of 
 Chicago, 111., was boin at Boston, Mass., March 
 14, 1856; moved to Chicago in 1863; graduated 
 from Northwestern University, Evanston, III., in 
 1874, and from Harvard I^niversity in 1876; re- 
 ceived the degree of A. M. from Harvarrl (consti- 
 tutional history and international law) in 1877; a 
 trustee of the Northwestern University: admitted 
 to the bar of Ilhnois in 1879, and to that of the 
 Supreme Court of the United States in 1885; 
 elected a member of the Illinois general assembly 
 in 1,8.84, and was one of the "103" who elected 
 General Logan to the United States Senate; elected 
 to the Fifty-fifth Congre.ss to fill the unexpired 
 term of Edward Dean Cooke, deceased, and to 
 the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh Congresses, and 
 reelected to the Fifty-eighth Congress. 
 
 Boutelle, Charles A., of Bangor, 5Ie., was 
 born at Damariscotta, Lincoln County, Me., Feb- 
 ruary 9, 1.S39; educated in puljlic schools at Brmis- 
 wick and at Yarmouth Academy; early adopted 
 the profession of his father, a shipmaster; in the 
 spring of 1862 volunteered and was appointed act- 
 ing master in the IT. S. Navy; served in the North 
 and South Atlantic and West Gulf scjuadrons; 
 took part in the blockade of Charleston and Wil- 
 mington, the Pocotaligo expedition, the capture of 
 .St. Johns Bluff, and occupation of Jacksonville, 
 Fla. ; while an officer of U. S. steamer Sanfiacus 
 was promoted to lieutenant "for gallant conduct 
 in the engagement with the rebel ironclad ^ilbe- 
 marle," May 5, 1864; afterwards in command of 
 U. S. steamer A^i/auza; participated in the capture 
 of Mobile, and in receiving surrender of the Con- 
 federate fleet; afterwards assigned to connnand of 
 naval forces in Mississippi Sound; honorably dis- 
 charged at his own rei)uest January 14, 1.S66; 
 engaged in commercial Ijusiness in New York; 
 became managing editor of the Bangor, Me., 
 Whig a'nd Courier in 1870, and purchased con- 
 trolling ownership in 1874; a delegate to national 
 Republican convention in 1876; unanimously 
 nominated in 1880 as Repul)lican candidate for 
 Congress in the Fourth Maine district; elected to 
 the Forty-eighth and reelected to the Fortv-ninth, 
 Fiftieth, 'Fifty-first, Fifty-second, Fifty-thirVl, Fifty- 
 fourth, Fifty-fift6, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-s(>venth 
 Congresses as a Repubhcan; was made a captain 
 on the retired list of the Navy March 1, 1901; re- 
 signed his seat in Congress March, 1901; died May 
 21, 1901, at Waverley, Mass. 
 
 Boutwell, Georg'e Sewell, was born at Brook- 
 line, Mass., January 28, 1818; educated in the 
 public schools; ])revious to 1850 was engaged in 
 mercantile pursuits at Groton; stuilied law and 
 began practice in 1.853; member of the legislature 
 of Massachusetts in 1842-1.844 and 1847-18.50; 
 .State bank commissioner in 1849-50; governor 
 of Massachusetts in 1.851 and 1.8.52; memberofthe 
 Massachusetts constitutional convention in 1.853; 
 secretary of the State board of education of Mas- 
 sachusetts from October, 1855, until January, 
 1861; member of the board of overseers of Har- 
 vard College from 1.8.50 mitil 1.8(i0; member of the 
 
404 
 
 OONGRKSSIONAL DUIKCTOKY, 
 
 I'ejHv Coiil'crpnf'c nf ISIil; first ('ntninissionor of 
 Inti'i'iiiil Kcvfiuic ill ISIiL' anil IHIiH; clccU'd ii 
 Kfiirc-ciilalivc finiii MHsMiiclinsctls to tlu- Tliirty- 
 cijililli, Tliirly-iiiiilh, Forticlli, ami l'"iiity-tit>l 
 Coii^fii'ssi's as a Kipiililican, tint rcsi^jiicil on liriiij; 
 apiHiiiitcil Srcii'taiy i>f the Tii'asniy by ricsiili'iil 
 (Jiaiil Maiih 11, isii!': icsiiini'il Ma'irli", IS7:i, hav- 
 ing; liccli ilciti'il I'liitccI SljitcH Scnatoi' Innii Mas- 
 Hiulmsi'tts In siurwil lli'iiiy W'ilscni, scrviiij; until 
 March :), 1X77; ai>|i(iiiitei( l)y I'li'sidciit llayi-s 
 coiiiiiiissiimor to coilily an<l ('(lit tlic Stututes at 
 ljir<;i' in March, 1S77; in ISKO Unitt'ii Statcsconn- 
 sel lu'forc tin- Kiciii'li ami Anu'riran Claims Com- 
 inission; in 1.SS4 •Icclini'il aiipointini'iil iis Secretary 
 <if Treasury; practicecl law in Washin^'loii, I). ('. ; 
 jirei'iileiit of the Anti-lnipi-rialist l.ea).'ne, lilOd; 
 author of several linancial, eilucatioiial, and polit- 
 ical works. 
 
 Bovee, Matthias J., was horn in \ew York 
 and eilucati'il in the puhlic schools; elected a Kep- 
 reseiilalive from New York to the Twenty-fourth 
 
 CoMtiress. 
 
 Bowden, George Edwin, nf Norfolk, Va., was 
 born at Williamshur;;, \'a., .Inly (i, IH.VJ; n'ceived 
 a private school education; studied law; adinilteil 
 to the liar, hut never eiifia^'cil in the practice; 
 eh'cti'd liank president in IS7I; collector of cus- 
 toms for port of Norfolk from Septemher, 1S7!I, 
 until May. ISH."); elected to the Kifticlh and I'itty- 
 lirst Coiifiresses as a Kepuhlican. 
 
 Bowden, Lemuel J., was horn at Williams- 
 hurji, \'a.. .lanuarv Hi, ISl.'i; ^'ra<luated from Wil- 
 liam and Mary t'olle^e; studied lawan<l |iracticed; 
 inendicr of the \"irj;iiiia constitutional conventions 
 .«CJ^iiU-(iii.l IS."il; ill ISIil a Presidential elector; 
 ilectcd to the I'nited States Senate from Vipjinia. 
 his term liej;iniiinn .March ',i, 18(i;i; died at Wash- 
 ington, I). ('., ,lanuary 1', lS(i4. 
 
 Bowdoin James, was horn at r.oston, Mass., 
 .Vn^'usl s, 17-7; nraduate<l from llarvanl ColleKcin 
 174."); devoted himself to literary and scientitic 
 pursuits; memher of the general court <if .Ma.ssa- 
 ehusi'tts in 17o:!; luovincial senator and councilor 
 in 175(); a;;ain chosen councilor in 17l>!l, hut on- 
 poseil liy < iovernor Karnanl, and immediately 
 afterwards at;ain elected reiireseiitative to the 
 (jeneral court; in 1774 was chosen a Delegate from 
 Mas.siichu.setts to the Continental Congress, lint 
 ill lu'alth |irevented him from serviii);; took a 
 proinineiit part in the Hevolutionary war; jiresi- 
 dent of the State constitutional convention of 
 177H; ^tovernor of Massa<-husetts 17S.")-S(>; founder 
 of the Ameriian Academy of .\rls and Sciences 
 anti of the .Ma.>^.sachusetts Humane Society ; cliedat 
 Boston, Noveinher 11, I7;il). 
 
 Bowdon, Franklin W., wa.«ho!n at Tallndopa, 
 .Ma.; ynidiialed at the I'liiversily nf .Mahama; 
 studii'd law and prailiced; memher of the State 
 house of representatives l.'<44-45; electeil a Kep- 
 re.seiitative from .\lahaina to tlii' Twentv-iiinth 
 C'on);res.s ( to till a vacancv I'aiiseil liv the ileatli of 
 Pehlix C. .McCoiinelll, the Thirtieth ami Thirty- 
 (irst Coni;re.s.ses as a I'einocrat; in IS.'i'J move<l to 
 Texas, where he continued the pra<-tiic of law; in 
 |s."i(i was a Trcsidential elector on the Kiichanaii 
 and Hreckinrid^e ti<'ket; died at Henderson, Tex., 
 .lum- s, l>v")7. 
 
 Bowen, Christopher Columbus, was horn in 
 UIkkIc Island, .lanuary .'>, ls:!L'; in l.HoO moved 
 to lieoruia; stmlied and practiced law; in ISti'J 
 moved tn Charleston; in l.St>7 elected to the eoii- 
 htitulioiial coMveiition of South Carolina held 
 under the recoiistniefion nctx of the Thirtv-ninth 
 
 and I'ortieth Couftres.-es ; electe<l a Hepre.s<'ntative 
 from South Carolina to the Kortielh and Kortv- 
 (irst Coii)fresses as a Kepuhlican, serving from .luly 
 '.'11, 1Si;h, to March .i, 1,S71; defeated as the iii.le- 
 pendeiil candidate for the Korty-second CoiiKresB; 
 elected sheriff of Charleston in Noveinher, 1K72.' 
 
 Bowen, Henry, of Tazewell, Va., waw eieettHl 
 to the Fnrty-ci>.'hth and Fiftieth CoiiKresHcs as ii 
 Readjusler and Imlepenilent Heinocnit. 
 
 Bowen, John H., received his e<lucation in the 
 puhlic scliools; electeil a Representative from Teii- 
 ne&see to the Thirteenth Cnn);re.ss as a Hemocrat. 
 
 Bowen, Bees T. , was horn in Ta/ewell County, 
 \'a., .lanuary HI, l.SOU; received a liheral eiliiea- 
 tion; fanner and urazier; memher of the State 
 legislature of N'iijrinia in l.sii.J and IStU; magis- 
 trate for .several years jirior to the war, and the 
 presiding justice of the. county court a |inrti<in of 
 the time; elected a Kepreseiitative from Virginia 
 to the Korty-third Congres.s a.s a Conservative. 
 
 Bowen, Thomas M., nf |)el Norte, Colo., was 
 horn luar the pre.si.nt site <if Hurlingtoii, Iowa, 
 ( tctnher I'li. I.s:5."); lei-eived an academii' education 
 at .Mount I'leasant, Iowa; admitted to the har at 
 the agi> of l.S; moved to Wayne Countv, Iowa, 
 where, in l.S.ili, he wa.s elected to the house of 
 representatives; moved to Kansas in IS.iK; .-ierveil 
 in the I'liion Army from .lune, IHtU, until .Inly, 
 lKll.i, first as U captain in the First Kegimeiit 
 Neliraska Volunteers, after which he rai.sed and 
 commaniled, as colonel, the Thirteenth Kan.sa.H 
 Infantry until the i lose of the war; hriga'lier- 
 geneial by hrevet and had command of a hrigade 
 the last tw<i yeai's of the war, first in tin- army of 
 llu^ frontier, hut later in the Seventh .\rmy Corps; 
 memher of the national Kepuhlican convention a.s 
 a ilelegate from the Stateof Kan.-'as in l.sti4; mem- 
 her and presiilent nf the constitutional convention 
 of Arkansas, which convened under the recon- 
 struct inn acts of Cnngre.ss; justice nf the suiirenie 
 court of that Stale for tour years, when he 
 accejilcd the position ol governor of Malm Ti'rri- 
 lory, tendered to him hy I'rcsideiit (irani in 1S71, 
 hut resigned and reluriH'd to .\rkaiisas, w heiv he 
 was defeated for the SiMiate of the I'nited States 
 hy Hon. S. W. l»oivey in an open contest l)efore 
 the legislature; inovecl to Colorado in .lanuary, 
 187."); resumed the practice of law; at the orgaiiizji- 
 tion of the State government was electt'd judge of 
 the fourth judicial district, and servcl in that 
 capacity for four veal's, after which hi' engaged in 
 several large miniilg enterprises; in ISS'J elected 
 a repre.«entali\e to tin' Slate legislaturi'; resigned, 
 having heen electeil to the I'nited Stales Senate iw 
 a Kepuhlican to succeed Horace .\. W. Tahor for 
 the ti'rm ISS.'i to KSSil; identified with large u'.iu- 
 ing inti'rests in Colorado. 
 
 Bower, Oustavus B. , was horn in Virginia 
 and educati'd in the puhlic .schools; moved to Mis- 
 .souri and elected a Kepreseiitative from that Slate 
 to the 'rwciily-eiLdilh Congress as a IVmocrat. 
 
 Bower, 'William Horton, of Yadkin Valley, 
 Caldwell County, N. C, was horn in Wilkes 
 County, N. C., .lune 6, 18.i0; received an academic 
 educatinii; livi-d on a farm till ISiiti, when he 
 studied law in oHice of Col. <;. X. Folk, of Lenoir; 
 licenseil hy till' supreiiu' court of Nnrtli Camlina 
 to pnictice law in l."^70: mnved to Calil'.irnia in 
 IH7(>aiid remained llu're tiaching till the summer 
 of I.HSII, when he returned to his native State; 
 canva.s.se<l his county for Hancock in l.H,'<0; elected 
 representative to legislature lor Caldwell County 
 in IH.S1;; (.li-etiii to the State senate in 1H.S4; 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 405 
 
 apjioinli'd sdlicitor of tenlli juilii-ial district in 
 1885; elected solicitor of tenth judicial district fin- 
 four years in 18.HG; elected to the Fifty-third Con- 
 gress iis u Dt'inociut. 
 
 Bowers, John M., was born at Boston, Mass.; 
 graduated from t'cilund)ia College in New York; 
 studied law, and (iracticed in 1800 at Cooperstown, 
 N. Y.; elected a J{e|iresentative from New York 
 to the Thirteenth Congress, serving from June 21, 
 1K1:>, to Decembw 20, 1813, when the House gave 
 his seat to Isaau Williams, jr.; died at Coopers- 
 town, N. ^ . 
 
 Bowers, Williain Wallace, of San Diego, Cal., 
 was born at Whitestown, ( Ineida County, N. Y., 
 October 2lt, 18.'U; attended a common school; 
 moved to Wisconsin in 18.12; eidisted as a private 
 in Comjiany 1, First Wisconsin Cavalry, February 
 22, 18()2; discharged from the service as second 
 sergeant. Keljruary 22, 1865; served as post wagon 
 master at Cape Cirardeau, Mo., until the closer 
 of the war; moved to San Diego in lS(i9; (Oected 
 member of the Culiforuia legislature in 1873; cfil- 
 lect(jr of customs for the San Hiego district in 
 1874-1882; elected State senator; elected to the 
 Fifty-second, Fifty-third, and Fifty-foiu'th Con- 
 gresses as a Republican; in 18518 appointed col- 
 lector of customs for San Diego, Cal. 
 
 Bowersock, Justin D., of Lawrence, Kans., 
 of Dutcli-Scotcb parentage; was born in Colum- 
 biana ('ounty, Chio, Sejitember 19, 1842; went to 
 Iowa City, Iowa, in 1800, and engaged in merchan- 
 dising and grain shijiping; moved to Lawrence, 
 Kans., in 1877 and conunenced baiikingand manu- 
 facturing: built the ilani acmss the Kansas Uiver; 
 ]iresident of the Kansas Water I'ower Company; 
 Ijawrcnce National Bank, Lawrence I'aper Com- 
 pany, Bowersock Milling Company, t'onsolidated 
 Barb Wire Company, (irilfin Ice ('onipany, Law- 
 rence Iron Worlvs, Ijawrence Gas ami IClectrie 
 Light Comj)any, Meri'hants' Athletic Association, 
 Lawrence Commercial Club, and board of trustees 
 Congregational ('hurcb; mayor or Lawi'ence two 
 terms, 1881 to 188.5; elected to Kansas bouse of 
 representatives in 1887; mendierof State senate in 
 IHa"), elected to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and 
 and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Bowie, Richard I., was born at (ieorgetown, 
 D. C., .lune 2.'!, 1807; received a liberal education, 
 studied law, and commenciMl practice in 1827 at 
 Rockville, Mil.; member of the Maryland legisla- 
 ture in lH.'i(i-.')7; delegate to the Whig national 
 convention at Harrisbiirg in 1840; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from .Maryland to the Thirty-first Con- 
 gress, and reelected to the Tiiirtj-second Congress 
 as a Whig. 
 
 Bowie, Sydney Johnston, of Anniston, Ala., 
 was born at Talladega, .\Ia.. .luly 2(1, 18().5, where 
 he resided until .laimary 1, 1S!)1); attended school 
 imtil M! years of age, and graduated from the law 
 department of the I'niversity of Alaliama .Imie20, 
 bS8."); aibuitted to the bar and engaged in the f)rac- 
 tic.e of bis profession; city clerk of Talladega, 
 188.")-8(), and alderman in 1891; six years a mem- 
 ber of the State Democratic executive committee 
 of Alabama, and chairman of the Democratic execu- 
 tive connnittee of Talladega County from 1896 to 
 1890; elected to the Fifty-seventh Congress with- 
 out opjKisition and reelected to tlie Fifty-eighth 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Bowie, Thomas F. , was born at Queen Anne, 
 Prince (ieorge County, Md., .\pril 7, 1808; received 
 a liberal education, graduating from Union ( 'ollege 
 in 18.37: studied law and afterwards practiced at 
 
 Cpper Marlboro, Md. ; deputy attorney -general 
 for I'rince George (bounty for sixteen years; mem- 
 berof the State legislature for three terms; elected 
 a Representative from Maryland to the Thirty- 
 fourth Congress as a Whig and reelected to the 
 Thirtv-lifth Congress; died at Upper .Marlboro, 
 Md., October 30, 1869. 
 
 Bowie, Walter, was Imrn in Prince George 
 Comity, ^Id.; mendicrof the Maryland constitu- 
 tional convention of 177t); iilected a Reju'esentative 
 from Maryland to the Seventh Congress to till the 
 vacancy caused by the resignation of William 
 Sprigg; reelected to the lOighth Congress, serving 
 from Alarcli 24, 1802, to March, 1805. 
 
 Bowler, Metcalfe, delegate from liliodc Island 
 to the ('olonial Congress which met at New York 
 October 7, 17()5: member of the State general 
 assembly, and speaker in 1774. 
 
 Bowlin, James Butler, was born in Spottsyl- 
 vania County, Va., in 1804; learned a meclianii«l 
 trade, but abandoned it; taught .school and ac- 
 quired a liljeral education; moveil to (ireenbrier 
 County in 1825. wdiere he studied law; admitted 
 to the bar in 1.827, and commenced practici;; 
 moved to St. Louis the same year, continuing 
 the practice of law; established The Farmers 
 and Mechanics' Advocale; was a mendier of the 
 State house of representatives in 183(i; defeated as 
 a candidate for the State legislature in 1.837; 
 appointed district attorney for St. Louis in 1837; 
 elected judge of the criminal court in 1839; elected 
 a Representative from Missouri to tbe Twenty- 
 eightli Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the 
 Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-fir.st Con- 
 gresses; aiipointed conunissioner to I'araguay by 
 President I5ucbanan, serving from September 9, 
 1858, to February 10, 1859. 
 
 Bowman, Selwyn Zadock, of Somerville, 
 Mass., was born at Charlestown, Mass., May 11, 
 1840; educated in the Charlestown ])ublic .schools 
 and at Harvard College, graduating there irt i860; 
 studied law in the Harvard University Law School 
 and Hon. D. H. Mason's law office, Boston; en- 
 gaged in the practice of law; mend)er of (be 
 .Massaelmsetts house of representatives in 1870, 
 1871, and 1875, and of the M;issacbusetts senate 
 in 1876 and 1877; city solicitor of the city of 
 Somerville in 1872 and 1873; elected to the Forty- 
 sixth and Forty-seventh (Congresses as a Repub- 
 lican; after leaving Congress he devoted himself 
 to the practice of his profession, and was again 
 city solicitor for the city of Somerville, Mass., 
 which ]iosition he resigned to devote his time to 
 private interests. 
 
 Bowman, Thomas, of Council Bluffs, Iowa, 
 was born at Wiscasset, Lincoln County, Me., May 
 25, 1848; removed to ('ouncil Bluffs in 1868. where 
 he engaged in commercial business; elected treas- 
 urer of Pottawattamie County in 1875 and re- 
 elected in 1877 and 1879; elected mayor of Council 
 Bluffs in 1.882; appointed (jostmasfer in 1885 and 
 served until 1889, when he resigned; purcha.sed a 
 controlling ownership in the Coinicil Bluffs Gloi)e 
 in 1883; elected to the Fifty-second Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Bowne, Obadiah, was bnrn on Staten Island, 
 N. Y., ,May 19. 1822; graduated from Princeton 
 College; elected a Representative from New York 
 to the Thirty-secoiifi Congress as a AVbig; studied 
 law, but never]>racticed; i|uarantinc commissioner 
 1857--1859; a Lincoln Presidential elector in 1866; 
 died at Staten Island, N. Y., April 27, 1874. 
 
406 
 
 t'ONOKESSIONAL UlKJiCTOKY. 
 
 Bowne, Samuel S., was lnpin in I lie State of 
 Now York in 17115; cdncalodat the pntilic schools; 
 stiiilicil law and oonniii'iicfd luactict' in OI.tjjo 
 Cciunty; nionilHT of tlu' Slate assi'nilily of New 
 Ymk in ls:i4; clfi-lt'il a I\('|it(S('titativ<' from Ni-w 
 Yolk III till- Twenty-scvciilli C'oiifiivss as a Van 
 r.Micn IVnmcrat, stTvinf; from May ;il, 1.S41, to 
 Marrli .!, 1S4:!; jnd^'C of < )tsfj.'o Coiintv in IS'iT; 
 died in Otsefro County, N. Y., July 15, "l,S75. 
 
 Boyce, William W., was luirii at Cliarloston. 
 
 S. ('., Oclolii'r LM, ISIll; rciTivcd liis education at 
 the ('ollct.'e of South Carolina an<l Vir;;inia I'lii- 
 versity; stnilied law and afterwards (iracticod at 
 AVinnshoro, S. ('.; elected a Ue])resentative from 
 South Carolina to the Thirty-third Cminress as a 
 States' Kifrhts Uemocrat; reelecte<l to the Thirty- 
 fourth. Thirty-liftli, and Thirty-sixth ('on;;resses 
 witlioiif opiposilion. serviiif.' from Decemlii-r 5, 
 ISoli, until after he left his seal at the secession of 
 South Carolina. Di'ccmher 21. l.'^dO; a|ipoinleil as 
 adeleiiate from South Carolina to tlie Confederate 
 Provisional Coujrn'ss January 4, IStJl; electeil to 
 the First Confederate Congress an<l reelected to 
 the Second, servin)j from Tehruary II), ISti'J, to 
 Fehrnary IS, l,Sli4; removed to Washinjiton, I). C, 
 and practiced law. 
 
 Boyd, Adam, was a native of New Jersey; took 
 an active [lart in the colonial resistance to Uritish 
 authority; held several local otlices at Ilaikensack 
 durinjr the Kevohitioiiary war; elected a Kepre- 
 sentative from New Jersey to the lM<;hth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat, servintr from Octoher 17. 180.S, 
 to March:;, 1S05; elected to tlu' Tenth Coiiiiress 
 to till a vacancy caused hy the death of Kzrea 
 Darhy; reelected to the Kleveuth and Twelfth 
 Con<;re.sse,s and served from April 4, 1S()8, to .March 
 :!, l,si:i; dieil at Ilackensack, N. .1. 
 
 Boyd, Alexander, was a native of New York; 
 electeil a Kepresentalive from that State to the 
 Thirteenth Con};re.ss on the I'eace and Commerce 
 ticket, servim.' from May 24, lSl:i, to Man-li ."{, 1815. 
 
 Boyd, John H. , was horn at Whitehall, N. Y. ; 
 educated in the |iuhlic schools; memtier of the 
 State assembly in 1S40; elected a Kepre.sentative 
 to the Thirty-second Congres.s as a Wliij;. 
 
 Boyd, Linn, waa born at Nashville. Tenn., 
 Xovendier 2S, IStfd; moved with his parents to 
 Triirt; t'ounty, Kv., wliere he spent his early life 
 on a farm, ac(iuirin); a lindted education in the 
 l>ul>lic scliools; enjjaned in agricultural pursuits in 
 Calloway County in lS2t); member of the State 
 lejiislatuVe IS27to 1,h:!0; returned to Trijrj; County, 
 « hich he represeiitated in the State lej.dslature !n 
 ls:;i to |.s:;2; detcated as ;i I »emocratii' candidate 
 for the Twenty-third Congress: elected a Hepre- 
 sentative from" Kentucky to the Twenly-fourth 
 Conijress as a |)emocral; defeateil for reelection to 
 the Twenty-lifth Con;.'re.ss; elected to tlie Twenty- 
 sixth Coiinres,*, anil reelected to the Twenty- 
 seventh, Twenty-ei-ith, Twenty-ninth, Thirtietii, 
 Thirty-first, Thirty-secoml, and Thirty-third Con- 
 (;re.s.<es; S|>eaki'r (if the House of Representatives 
 in the Thirtv-second and Thirty-third Conare.-'.ses: 
 lientenant-novernor of Kentuiky one year; died 
 at I'aihicidi, Ky.. Deoeinher 1(>, is.')(l. 
 
 Boyd, SemproniuB H.. was born in AVilliam- 
 son County. Tinn . May 2S, 1S2S: n-i-eived a lib- 
 eral eilucaiiou; studied law; adnntted to the bar 
 in 1S55; commenced practice at Springlii-ld Mo.; 
 clerk of the court; mayor of Sprin};(ield in 1K57; 
 entered the Cnion Army in 18(51 a.s the coni- 
 niaiiiler of a retiiineiit known aa the Lyou Legion, 
 
 which he raieed; elected a liepreseiitative from 
 Missouri to the Thirty-eiijrhtli C«nf:res.s as an 
 Kmancipationist; resumed the practice of law; 
 jnd;;cof llie fourteenth judiiial circuit of Missouri; 
 deletratetothe I !al I i more con vent ion in l.si)4: rais«'<l 
 the Forty -sixth .Missouri Infantry in ISlio; sup- 
 ported (ieneral Craiit for I'resident in eon\ention; 
 elected to the Forty-first Conjjrress as a Kepuhliean. 
 
 Boyd, Thomas A. , of Lewiston, 111., was born in 
 Adauis County, I'a.. June 25, is;?n; received a cla.«- 
 sical edui'ation, trraduatinn from Marshall Collcjie. 
 Mercershnr^, l*a., in 1S4S; studied law in Chaiii- 
 bersbur};, I'a.; admitted to the bar; practi<-<>d at 
 Helford, I'a.; removed to Illinois in 185li and con- 
 tiiuied in his profession until ISIil; enlisted in the 
 Seventeenth Illinois Infantry in ISljl and helil the 
 position of captain; elected a Statesenator in I86t), 
 and reelected in 1870; elected to tlu- Forty-fifth 
 Congress and reelected to the Forty-sixth Congress 
 as a Kepuhliean. 
 
 Boyden, Nathaniel, was born at Franklin, 
 Mass.. .\ugust Hi. I7!H>; graduated from I'nion 
 College, Sihenectady. in 1821; removcil to Stipkes 
 County, -N. C. in 1.^22: taught school and stmlied 
 law; member of the house of connnons of North 
 Carolina in 18:58 and 1S40, and of the State.senate in 
 1844; removed to Salisbury; elected a Kepresenta- 
 live to the Thirteenth Congress as a Whig; declined 
 a reelection; mend)er of the legislature of North 
 Carolina under the Confederate Government; 
 elected to the Fortieth Congre.ss a.s a Hcpuhlican, 
 serving from Jidy 1:5. l.sii.H, to March .S, IStiil; .le- 
 feated as the Uciiublican candidate for reelection 
 to the Forty-tirst Congre.-^s. 
 
 Boyer, Benjamin M., wa.« born in Montgom- 
 ery Comity, I'a., January 22, 182:5; graduated from 
 the I'lnversity of Penn.s'ylvania; studied law and 
 afterwards practiced; district attorney of .Mont- 
 gomery County, Pa., 1848 to 18.50; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Penn.sylvania to the Thirty-ninth 
 Congre.-'s as a Democrat, and reelected to the 
 Fortieth Congress. 
 
 Boyle, Charles E., of Fniontown, Pa., was 
 Ixirn at Iniontown, Fayette County, Pa., Febru- 
 ary 4. Is.Sii; his early education \va.s had in the 
 schools of that town and at Waynesburg College, 
 in Waynesburg, (ireene County, J'a.; studied law, 
 wa.« admitteil to the bar in Deceml«'r. 18()1, and 
 practiced the ])rofe.ssion; elected district attorney 
 tor Fayette County in 18(i2, and held that oHiee 
 for three years; before the expiration if his term, 
 in 181)5, Wits electeil to the Pennsylvania legisla- 
 ture; reelect«-il in ISliti. serving two years; the Uust 
 year of his service a member of the committee 
 iif ways and means, and also of llu' general jndi- 
 ciarv; |)re.-'ident of the Democratic State i-onven- 
 tion in 18117. and again in 1871: nonnnated as the 
 Democratic candidate for auditor-general of I'enn- 
 sylvania, in 18(iS, but failed of election by a small 
 majority, delegate to the St. I.ouis national Demo- 
 cratic convention of 187»i, and to the Cim iiinali 
 national Democratic convention of 18,si); one of 
 the State manaL'ei>i of the Western Pennsylvaina 
 I lospital; elected to the Forty-eighth Congress and 
 reelected to the Forty-ninth (\ingn'.s.s iis n Demo- 
 crat; in September, 188S, appointed jiidgeof Wash- 
 ington Territory; died at Seattle Decend)t;r 15, 
 1888. 
 
 Boyle, John. wa.« born in Rotptourt County 
 Va., OcIoIht 2S. 1774; removed with his father to 
 Kentucky in 177!»; nreived a lilH'ral education; 
 studied law and coinuieuced to practice at Ijincius- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 407 
 
 ter in 1797; elected a Representative from Ken- 
 tuclcy til the Kigtitli Congress, and reelected to the 
 Ninth and Tenth Congresses, serving from October 
 17, 1803, to INIarch o, 1809; appointed governor of 
 Illinois Territory Ijut did not serve; judge of the 
 court of appeals of Kentucky from April, 1809, to 
 April, 1810, and chief justice of that court from 
 April, 1810, to November 8, 1826; United States 
 district judge for the district of Kentucky from 
 November 8, 182(), until the time of his death, 
 which occurred Januai'v 28, 1834. 
 
 Brabson, Reese B. , was born at Chattanooga, 
 Tenn.; educated in the public schools; elected a 
 Representative from Tennessee to the Thirty-sixth 
 Congress as a AMiig. 
 
 Brace, Jonathan, was born at Harrington, 
 Conn., November 12, 1754; graduated from Yale 
 College in 1779; studied law and afterwards prac- 
 ticed at Hartford; jirosecuting attorney, judge of 
 probate, and chief judge of the county court of 
 Hartford County: elected a Representative from 
 Connecticut to the Fifth Congress to fill a vacancy 
 caused Ijy the death of Joshua Coit; reelected to 
 the Sixth Congress, serving from December 3, 
 179S, until he resigned in 1800; member of the 
 State legislature of Kentucky for several years; 
 mayor of Hartford for nine years; died at Hart- 
 ford, Conn., August 26, 1837. 
 
 Bradbury, Georg'e, was born at Falmouth, 
 Mass. (now Portland, Me.), in 1770; graduated 
 from Harvard College in 1789; studied law and 
 afterwards practiced at Portland; member of the 
 Massaclmsetts house of representatives from Port- 
 land 1806-1810, ISll, and 1812; electerl a Repre- 
 sentative from the ]\Iaine district of Ma.«.sachusetts 
 to the Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist, reelecte<l 
 to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from May 24, 
 1813, to March 3, 1817; resumed the practice of 
 law; associate clerk of the Portland court 1817 to 
 1820; member of the State senate of Maine in 1820; 
 died at Portland, Jle., November 7, 1823. 
 
 Bradbury, James Ware, was born at Parson- 
 field, Me., June 10, 1802, being a direct descendant 
 of Thomas Bradford, who came to this country 
 from England in 1611; graduated from Bowdoin 
 College in 1825; .studied law and jiracticed at Au- 
 gusta, Me. ; prosecuting attorney 1834-1838; Presi- 
 dential elector on the Polk ticket in 1844; elected 
 a United States Senator from ilaine as a Democrat, 
 his term beginning December 6, 1847, serving until 
 March 3, 1853; died at Augusta, Me., January 7, 
 1901. 
 
 Bradbury, Theophilus, was born at Newbury, 
 Mass., November 13, 1739; graduated from Har- 
 vard College in 1757; taught school and studied 
 law at Portland, Me.; admitted to the bar and 
 .practiced in Portland 1761-1769; returned to New- 
 bury and continued the practice of law: member 
 of the State legislature, serving in lioth houses; 
 elected a Representative from Massachusetts to the 
 Fourth and Fifth Congresses, serving until 1797, 
 when he resigned, having been appointed a judge 
 of the supreme court of Massachusetts, holding the 
 position until the time of his death, which occurred 
 at Newburyport, Mass., September 6, 1803. 
 
 Bradford, Allen A. , was born at Friendship, 
 Me., July 23, 1815; received a liberal education; 
 moved to Missouri in 1841; studied law and after- 
 wards practiced; clerk of the circuit court of At- 
 chison County, Mo., 1845-1851; moved to Iowa 
 and was judge of the sixth judicial district 1852- 
 1855; moved to Nebraska and was a member of 
 
 the legislative council 1856, 1857, and 1858; moved 
 to Colorado in I860; appointed judge of the su- 
 preme court of Colorado l)y President Lincoln 
 June 6, 1862: elei'ted a Delegate from Colorado 
 to the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican; 
 elected to the Forty-first Congress. 
 
 Bradford, Taul, was born at Margisville, Ala., 
 January 20, 1835; graduateil from the University 
 of Alabama in 1854; studied law and commenced 
 practice in 1855; served in the Confederate army 
 throughout the war; member of the State legisla- 
 ture of Alabama in 1871 and 1872; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Alabama to the Forty-fourth 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Bradford, William, was born at Plympton, 
 Mass., November 4, 1729; received a lil^eral edu- 
 cation; studied medicine at Hingham under Dr. 
 E. Hersey, and afterwards practiced at \Varren, 
 R. I.; moved to Bristol; studied law and after- 
 wards practiced; member of the Rhode Island 
 committee of correspondence in 1773; chosen dep- 
 uty governor of Rhode Island in 1773; elected a 
 Delegate from Rhode Island to the Continental 
 Congress in 1773 but did not serve; delegate from 
 Rhode Island to confer with the governments of 
 JIassachusetts and Connecticut; member of the 
 State general assembly and speaker for one year; 
 elected a United States iSenator from Rhode Island, 
 serving from Decemlier 2, 1793, until 1797, when 
 he resigned; elected President pro tempore of the 
 Senate July 6, 1797; died at Bristol, R. I., July 0, 
 1808. 
 
 Bradley, Edward, was born at East Bloom- 
 field, N. Y., April, 1808; educated in the public 
 schools; studied law and afterwards practiced in 
 Ontario County, N. Y'. ; appointed associate judge 
 of the court of common pleas in 183(5; moved to 
 Michigan in 1839 and jiracticed there; member of 
 the State senate of Michigan in 1842; elected a 
 Representative from Michigan to the Thirtieth 
 Congress as a Democrat, but owing to ill health 
 never took his seat; died at New Y'ork Citv August 
 5, 1847. 
 
 Bradley, Nathan B. , was born at Lee, Berk- 
 shire County, Mass., May 28, 1831; moved with 
 his parents to Lorain County, Ohio, in 18.35; spent i 
 his early life on a farm and received but a limited 
 education; at the age of 16 years ajiprenticed to a 
 custom clothier, with whom he served three years; 
 at the age of 19 went to Oshkosh Wis., where he 
 spent a year in the employ of lumber manufac- 
 turers; returned to Ohio; remained two years, 
 then moved to Michigan and engaged in manufac- 
 turing lumber; justice of the peace three terms, 
 a sujiervisor one term, an alderman three terms, 
 and the first mayor of Bay City after it obtained 
 its charter, declining a renomination from both 
 political parties at the close of the term; candidate 
 for the lower house of the State legislature; elected 
 to the State senate in 1866, but declined a renomi- 
 nation at the close of the term; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Michigan to the Forty-third and 
 Forty-fourth Congresses as a Rejiublican. 
 
 Bradley, Stephen Row, was born at Walling- 
 ford, Conn., February 20, 1754; graduated from 
 Y'ale College in 1765; studied law and admitted 
 to the bar in 1779; commanded a volunteer com- 
 pany in the Revolutionary war and served as aid- 
 de-camp to General Wooster; moved to Vermont 
 and took a prominent jiart in organizing that State; 
 United States Senator from Vermont as a Demo- 
 crat, serving from October 24, 1791, to March 3, 
 
4()S 
 
 CONG RESSION A L D 1 KKCIi ) k V . 
 
 17il.T; iipiiin elpctod a rnite<l States Senator in place 
 of l'"lijali I'aiiie. resijineil, uml rceli'cteil, ceiviiij; 
 from December 7. 1X(M, until Mar.'li :;, lsi:i; Trcs- 
 ideiit i>ro tempore of the Siriati' durint; a part of 
 the Sevoiilh ami Tenth Coii^'res.-ies; died at Wal- 
 ix.le. N, II., DecvmU'r U\, Ks.id. 
 
 Bradley. Thomas J., of New York City, was 
 linrn .laiuiarv '_', IsTO, in the eity of Xew York; 
 attt'iiiled pnlilii' sihools nnlil .Inne, ISKli, « lien he 
 was graduated to the Collt-jre of tlie City of New- 
 York; ;;radiiated with the de};ree of haehelor of 
 arts in .Inne. 1SS7; taviKliI in the iiul)lie sehooln of 
 New York City from 1S,S7 until ISid. at the same 
 time attending; the rnivei>ity l.inv Sehool, from 
 whiih institution he j;raduated as a haehelor of 
 laws in ISS!); appointed a deputy sussistant distriet 
 attorney of the eonnty of New York in ISSIl, 
 whieh position he held till .Inly, l.Sll.'i; resitined to 
 attend to his private law praetiee; eleeted to the 
 Kiftv-lifth Con;;ressas the rejinlar Demoeratie can- 
 didate and reelected t.i the Kifty-si.\th Congress. 
 
 Bradley. William Czar (son of Stephen Kn\v 
 Uradlry I, was Imrn at Westminster, \'t., Manli 
 L'.i, 17.s:i; student at Yale Colleire; studied law 
 with his father and afterwards praeti<-ed at West- 
 minster, Vt.; secretary of eonnnissioners of hank- 
 rnpti'y ISOlVlSOS; proWcutinf; attorney for Wind- 
 ham t'ouMty 1.S04-1S11; niemlierof the State house 
 of representatives lS0(i-7; State comicillor.in ISPJ; 
 elected a Representative from \'ermont to the 
 Thirtienth Conjrrc.-'s as a War Democrat, serving 
 from May L'4, ISKi, to March :!, 1.><1.'); ajient of 
 I'niteil Slates under the treaty of (ihent. l.S2:5 to 
 1S27; elected to the l'',i;.diteenth Congress as a 
 Democrat; reelected to the Nineteenth Contrress; 
 clecteil to the State house of representatives in 
 lS.5fl; Presidential elector on thi' rremonf ticket 
 in l.'^.^ti; member of the State constitutional con- 
 vention in 1S.17; retired from the practice of law 
 in 18.^8; died at Westminster, Vt., March 3, 18(i7. 
 
 Bradshaw, Samuel C, was horn at riumstead, 
 Bucks Counlx, I'a.. .Inne 10, ISdil; cihicatiMl in the 
 pulilic school's; ;.'radualed from the Pennsylvania 
 Medical Collcfie in is:i:>an<l afterwards pracliceil 
 at (.iuakerlown; ele<-ti'd a Kepresenlative from 
 T'l'nnsylvania to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a 
 Wlii)»; defeated as a fnion candidate for reelection 
 to the Thirty-lifth Congress. 
 
 Brady, James D., fif I'eterslmrg, \'a., was 
 horn at Portsmouth, Va.. April X, 1,S4.S; received 
 a connnon school eilucation; engaged in mercan- 
 tile pursuits; n'siding temporarily in New York 
 at the commencement of the war, enlisted as a 
 private in the Thirty-seventh New York Volnn- 
 tt'ers. in which regiment servi'd iis acting adjutant, 
 when he was transferred an<l I'onnnissioni'd adju- 
 tant of the Sixly-thiril New York Volunteers; 
 snl>.-ei|uently held the rank of caiilain, major, 
 lieutenant-colonel, and coUinel of that regiment, 
 serving in the judge-advocate's, adjulant-genend's, 
 and insiH'clor-general's departments of the .Second 
 Corps. .\rmy of the IVitomac, and i-ommanding 
 the Sixtv-lhird Hegimeiit when hoTioralvly nnis- 
 tereilout iif servicein .lidy, ISli.'i; ap|Hiinled during 
 the latter |iarl of l.siKi naval sloreki-eper at the 
 Norf'lk Navy- Yanl. and held that |)osilion nnlil it 
 was aholisherl; appointed chief accountant of the 
 Norfolk Navy-Yard, which oince he resigned to 
 accept that of clerk o! courts of I'ortsmouth, Va., 
 to which he huil U'en elected and which he held 
 from .Inly I. IS7(). to .Inne 30, lS7(i; appointed col- 
 lector of "internal revenue in .Inne, IS77; lendeivd 
 the position of I'lerk of the court of appeals of 
 Virginia, but declined; delegate from Virginia to 
 
 the national Kepnbliian convention of l.SHtl, and 
 ilelegale al large to the national Republican con- 
 venlion of IS.H4; elected to the Forty-ninth Con- 
 gress as a Republican. 
 
 Brady, Jasper E., was born in New .lersey 
 and educated in the public schools; learned the 
 hatter's tra<le; stu<lieil law and afterwards prac- 
 ticed at Chambersbuig, I'a.; electeil a Representa- 
 tive from Pennsylvania to the Thirtieth Congress 
 as a Whig; cleleatedas the Whig candidate for the 
 Thirly-lirst Ccjiigress; moved to Piltslmrg, Pa., and 
 resiimeil the practice of law; ajipointed in l.Mil a 
 clerk in theolliceof the Paymaster-tJeneral in the 
 War Deiiartment; died at Washington, D. ('., 
 .lanuary 1':!. IK70. 
 
 Bragg, Edward S., of Fond dn I.ac, Wis., was 
 born at I'nadilla, N. Y., Fel.ruaiy :.'o. l.si'7; at- 
 teiide(l di^trict siho.il and academy and completed 
 his education at (ieneva College; studied law, ad- 
 mitted to the bar in New York in 1S48, and com- 
 menced practice at Fond du l^c. Wis., in IHriO, 
 elected district attorney in 1S.54; delegate to the 
 Charleston convention in l.SiiO; entered the Union 
 Army as a captain in ISiil; promoted, and held 
 successively the rank of major. lieutenant-<oliinel, 
 colonel, and brigadier-general, and mustered out 
 of service in ( )i-tober. I.'<l>.'); appointed ]iostinaster 
 at Fond du Lac by President .Johnson in IHtiti; 
 elected to the State .senate and serye<l in the yearn 
 I.HtiS ami l.stiit; delegate to the I5altimcue conven- 
 tion in \>i7'2; sujjportol as the Democratic camli- 
 ilateforthe Cnited States Senate to succeed Matt. H. 
 Carpenter in 1H7.t; elected to the Forty-liflh and 
 reelected to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh 
 Congrc.-ises a.s a Democrat; elected to Forty-ninth 
 Congress. 
 
 Bragg, John (brother of Thomas Bragg), was 
 born in Warren County, N. C. : graduated from 
 the rnivei-sity of North Carolina in 1S24; stmlied 
 law under .ludge Hall and afterwards jiracliceil; 
 member i>l the house of commons of North Caro- 
 lina 18:!()-l.s:i4; moved to ^Mobile, Ala., in \s:\(>, 
 where he continued the |)ractice of law; wasaji- 
 pointed ju<lge of the tenth judicial circuit in l.'^42; 
 served several years in the State legislature: elected 
 a Representative from Alabama to the Thirty- 
 second Congress as a States Rights Democrat; de- 
 clined a reelection and devoted himself to agricul- 
 tural puivuits; ilelegale froni Mobile to the State 
 convention of IStil. 
 
 Bragg, Thomas (brother of ,Tohn Bragg), was 
 born in Wancii County. X. (.'.. November !•. ISIO; 
 educated at the .Military Academy, Middletown, 
 Conn.; stmlied law, and practiced a t.Tackson, N.C. ; 
 member of the house of commons of North Caro- 
 lina in l.><4:.'; Presiilential elector on the Pierce an<I 
 King ticket in l,S.i;{; governor of North Carolina, 
 IS.'i.'i-IS.')!!; eleeted a I'nited .^tates Senator from 
 North Carolina asa Democrat. tosuccee<l David S. 
 Reid. Democrat; took his seal [>ecember .'i, IS.V.l, 
 and resigned early in isii!. North Carolina having 
 seceded from the Cnion; appointi'd attorney-gen- 
 eral of the Conleilerate States February 'J'J. ISiil, 
 by .leffei-son Davis, and served two yeai^s; look an 
 active pari in the imiieacliinent of (iovernor llol- 
 den; died at Raleigh. N. ('.. .lanuary 21. 1S72. 
 
 Brainerd, Lawrence, was a prominent busi- 
 ness man at St. .Albans. \'l.; i'l(H-ted a Cnited 
 Slates Senator from Vermont asa Free Soiler. lo 
 till the vaciuicy ••aus«'d by the death of William 
 rphani, soi-viug from December 4, 1854. lo March 
 ■,i, 185.J. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 409 
 
 Brainerd, Samuel M., of Krie, Pa., was linrn 
 in Krie County, Pa.. Novenilier 13, 1842; receivffl 
 an acailemical education; stiidieil law and admitted 
 to the Erie bar in Noveml)er, 1869; actively en- 
 gaged in the practice of law since at Erie; elected 
 (iistrii-t attorney of Erie Connty in 1872, and held 
 the office for a term of three years; elected to the 
 Fortv-eighth Congress as a Republican; died in 
 November, 1898. 
 
 Branch, A. M., was elected a Representative 
 fnini Texas tn the Thirty-ninth Congress; his cre- 
 dentials were presented .Tannary 11), 1867, Ijut lie 
 was not admitted to his seat. 
 
 Branch, John, was born in Halifax County, 
 N. (_'., November 4, 1782, graduated from thi' Uni- 
 versity of North Carolina in l.SOl; studied law with 
 .ludge John Haywood, and afterwards practiced; 
 member of the J^tate senate of North Carolina 
 1811-1817, 1822, and 1834; was governor of North 
 Carolina 1817-1820; elected a United States Senator 
 in 1823, and reelected in 1829; resigned March 9, 
 1829, having been ajipointed Secretary of the Navy 
 by President Jackson; resigned in 1831; elected a 
 Representative to the Twenty-second Congress as a 
 Democrat; mend)er of the State <'onstitutional con- 
 vention in 1835; Democratic candidate for gov- 
 ernor of North Carolina in 1838, and defeated by 
 Dudley, Whig; appi)inted governor of Florida by 
 President Tyler, serving from 1844 until the elec- 
 tion of a governor mider the State constitution in 
 184.5: died at Enfield, N. C, January 4, 1863. 
 
 Branch, Lawrence O'Brien ( son of Jolm 
 
 Branch I, was burn in Halifax County, N. C, July 
 7, 1820; grailuated from Princeton College in 1838; 
 studied law, and afterwards practiced at Raleigh; 
 elected a Representative from North Carolina to 
 the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, and 
 reelected to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Con- 
 gresses; entered the Confederate army after the 
 secession of North Carolina in Jlay, 1861, and was 
 ap]ii>inted brigadier-general the same year; in com- 
 manil at Newbern when it was cajitured by (Gen- 
 eral Burnside; killed at the battle of .Vntietam, 
 Septendier 17, 1862. 
 
 Branch, William A. B., of Washington, N. C, 
 was burn at Tallahassee, Fla., February 26, 1847; 
 moved with his father to Raleigh, N. C., when .5 
 years of age; prepared for college by W. .1. Bing- 
 ham; entered the University of North Carolina 
 at the age of 15, remaining two years; entered 
 the Virginia '^Military Institute, remaining a few 
 months, when he joined the Confederate armv: 
 served as a courier on staff of Cen. R, F. Hoke; 
 surrendered with General Johnson's army in 1865; 
 studied law under Governor Thomas Bragg, of 
 North Carolina, but never jiracticed; at the age of 
 20 took charge of his landed estate in Beaufort 
 County, N. ('., and engaged in agriculture; elected 
 to the Fifty-secund Congress as a Democrat, and 
 reelected to the Fifty-third Congress. 
 
 Brandegee, Augustus, was born at New Lon- 
 don, Conn., July 15, 1828; graduate<l from Yale 
 College in 1849; graibiated fnun the Yale Law 
 School in 1851; afterwards practiced at New Lon- 
 don; member of the State legislature of ('onnecti- 
 cut in 1.S.54, 1858, 1,859, atid 1861; Presidential 
 elector on the Lincoln ticket in 1S61; elected a 
 Representative to the Thirty-eighth Congres.s as a 
 Republican, and reelected to'the Thirty-ninth Con- 
 gress; delegate to the national Republican conven- 
 tion at Baltimore in 1864. 
 
 Brandegee, Frank Bosworth, of New London, 
 Conn., who was chosen to fill an imcxjiired tiM-iu 
 
 from the Third Connecticut district in the Fifty- 
 seventh Congress, and also for the full term in the 
 Fifty-eighth Congress as a Republican, was born 
 in New London, Conn., on July 8, 1864; son of 
 Augustus Brandegee, of New London, and Nancy 
 Christina Bosworth (Brandegee), of Lee, Mass. ; 
 atteniled the connnon schools of New London, and 
 graduated from the Bulkeley High .School, in 
 New London, in tlu' class <if 18S1; entered Yale 
 College, anil grailuated witli honor in the class of 
 1885; admitted to the bar of New London County 
 in 1888, and since that time has practiced his pro- 
 fes.sion as an attorney at law in New London; 
 member of the law firm of Brandegee, Noyes & 
 Brandegee; elected a representative to the general 
 assembly of Connecticut in 1888, and chairman of 
 the connnittee on cities and boroughs; elected cor- 
 poration counsel of the city of New London in 
 1889, and reelected annually to that uttice by the 
 city council, with the exception of two years when 
 the Democrats controlled that body; resigned the 
 office U])on entering Congress in 1902; delegate 
 to the Rei)ublican national convention at Minne- 
 apolis in 1892; chosen a member of the Republi- 
 can State central committee from the Ninth sena- 
 torial district in 1898, which position he still re- 
 tains; elected to the lower branch of the general 
 assendaly in 1898, and was cliosen speaker of the 
 house of representatives; unanimous choice of 
 the delegates from the two counties of Windham 
 and New London, which compose the district. 
 
 Brantley, William Gordon, of Brunswick, was 
 born at Blackshear, Pierce County, (ia., on Sep- 
 tember 18, 1,860, and lived there until his removal to 
 Brunswick in 1889.; educated in common schools, 
 with two years at University of Georgia; read law 
 with ex-Congressman John C. Nicholls, and ad- 
 mitted to the bar in October, 1881; represented 
 Pierce County in Georgia house of representatives 
 in 1884-.85; represented Third senatorial district 
 in Georgia senate in 1886-87; elected solicitor- 
 general I prosecuting attorney) of Brunswick cir- 
 cuit in 1888 for a term of four vears, and reelected 
 in 1.892; elected to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and 
 Fifty-seventh ('ongresses, and reelected to the 
 Fifty-eighth as a Democrat. 
 
 Brattan, Robert F., of Princess Anne, Md., 
 was born at Barren Creek Springs, Wicomico (then 
 .Somerset) County, Md., on Jlay 13, 1845; attended 
 Washington College, at Chestertown, Md., for four 
 years, and graduated in 1864; inunediately upon 
 his return from college apjiointed de]Hity register 
 of wills for Somerset Co\inty, where he remained 
 until admitted to the bar in 1867; member of the 
 State convention in 1865 wluch sent delegates to 
 a peace convention held in Philadelphia in that 
 year; member of several State and Congressional 
 conventions; elected to the house of delegates in 
 1869, anil to the State senate in 1873, again in 1879, 
 and again in 1887; elected president of the Mary- 
 land senate in 1890 without opposition in aiiy 
 jmrty; engaged in the practice of law in Princess 
 .\nne; elected a meinljer of the Fifty-third Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; died Jlay 10, 1894. 
 
 Bratton, John, of White Oak, S. C, was born 
 
 at Winnslioro, Fairfield Countv, S. C, March 7, 
 l.~^31; received an academic eilucation at .Moinit 
 Zion Institute. Winnslioro; graduated from South 
 Carolina College in 1850; stmlied iiuulicine and 
 took a medical diploma at the South Carolina 
 Medical College at Charleston, in 18.53; volunteered 
 ill the civil wiir as a private and served from the 
 beginning to the end of the war, attaining the rank 
 of brigadier-general: member of the .State consti- 
 
41(1 
 
 roNORKSSIONAL UIKKCTOKY. 
 
 tiitional i-(iiivontion in ISti"), holil under llic jiroc- 
 laiimtioii (if rri'siileiit .lolinwin; meniliiT ul the 
 State .-ienate from the Fairtielil ilistriet in IStiti; 
 eliairtiian of the South CaroUna ilelepition to the 
 national Denioi'ratie conveittion at St. Louis in 
 ISTti and niemher of the State Denioeratie eoiii- 
 niittee the «iMie year; delejrate from South Caro- 
 Una to the national Ilemoeratic eonvention at 
 Cincinnati in ISSO anil chairman of the State 
 Democratic committee that year; elected comp- 
 troller jxeneral of the State of South Carolina, hy 
 the legislature, to till a vacamy in ISSI; elected 
 to the Forty-eighth Congres.", on the 24th of No- 
 veniher, 1WS4. without opposition, to till the 
 unexpired term of Hon. John II. Fvins, deceased; 
 dieil January 12, 1898. 
 
 Brawley, Williv.m H., of Charleston, S. C, 
 was horn in South Carolina in 1841; educated at 
 the State college; starved in the (^mfederate army; 
 solii'itorof the sixth judicial circuit; served in the 
 legislature of South Carolina; elected to the Fifty- 
 second Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the 
 Fifty-third Congress; resigned Kelirnary 12, 18514; 
 ajipoiuted a Cniteil States district judge in 1894. 
 
 Braxton, Carter, was born at Xewington, Va, , 
 Septeniher 10, 17;!ii: grailuated from William and 
 Mary College in IT.Vi; spent three years in Eng- 
 land; member of the Virginia house of burgesses 
 17t>0-I"t)"i; niend)er of the Virginia conventions 
 1774-75; appointed a delegate to the Continental 
 Congressinthei)lacc(pf I'eyton Kandolph, deceiU«ed, 
 in Decenilx'r, 1775; one of the signers of the Dec- 
 laration of Independence; not reapi)ointed to the 
 next Congress, but reapjiointed at the first .session 
 of the general a.-^.-^eudily of Virginia under tin- new 
 constitution, serving from 1777 imtil 178.S, and 
 again in 1785; member of the Virginia council of 
 state 178li-17Hl, and from 1794 until his death, 
 which occurred t>ctol)er 10, 1797_. 
 
 Braxton, Elliott M. , was l)orn in .Matthews 
 Comity. Va.. October 8, 1,S28; educated in the 
 eonnnon .■'chools, studied law, and ])racticed; 
 electeil to the State senate of Virginia in 1851 and 
 reelected in 185:i; elected a nu'inberof the com- 
 mon council of Frederi<ksburf; in ISiili; elected a 
 Representative from Virginia to the Forty-.-econil 
 Cougre.ss as a Democrat. 
 
 Brayton. William D., was born at Warwick. 
 Kent County, K. 1., November fi, 1815; ri'ceived 
 a liberal education, spemling two years at Brown 
 Cniversity; engaged in mercantile pursuits: town 
 clerk for several years and then meudier of the 
 town council of Warwick; mendier of the State 
 general a.'v-iembly in 1841 and 1851, and of the 
 Stateseiiate in 1.^48 and l.H5:5; major of the Fourth 
 Regiment Rhode Island militia in the Dorr rebel- 
 lion; Presidential elector on the Fremont ticket 
 in l."<.5t;: elected a Reproentative from Rhode 
 Island to the Thirty-fifth Congress as an Ameri- 
 <an-Republi<an; reelected to the Thirtv-sixth Con- 
 gress; defeated for riidectioii to the I'hirty-sixth 
 Ccngre.-is; appointed collei-tor of internal revenue 
 tor the Si-cond district of Rhode Island in 18t)2 
 ami served until he resiirned in 1.S71; member of 
 the national I'nion Republican convention at 
 Philadelphia in 1872; member I'f thi' national 
 I'nion Republican lonuuittee in IS72 and lS7t!, 
 resi;rnini; in favor of ( iovernor Howard. 
 
 Brenzeale, Phanor, of Xat<'hitoches, wa.« born 
 in Natchito<hes Parish, Ui.. Dei-endHM- 29, 18.58; 
 liveil on a plantation, attending private school un- 
 til the age of 14; worked on a plantation for four 
 years; renioviil to the town of Natehitoi-heK, ]ai., 
 
 in 1877; clerked in a clry goods store for two years; 
 studied law in Col. W. H. .lack's ollice for sixteen 
 months; then secured a clerkship In the supreme 
 court of the State, and attended law lectures at 
 Tulane Cniversity; ri-ceived his diploma a.-* a law- 
 yer in 1.S81; returned to Natchitoches and entered 
 into the practice of law as a member of the linn 
 of Chaplin, lirea/.eale A Chaplin; edited a news- 
 paper in that town for two years; ])resident of the 
 .school board of his parish for fi>ur years; elecleil 
 district attorney of the tenth juilicial distrii-t in 
 1892, and reelected in 189t) without opposition; 
 member of the constitutional convention of 1,S98, 
 and took a leading jiart in framing the judiciary 
 and railroad coimnission ordinances; elected to 
 the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh Congresses, ami 
 reelected to the Fifty-eighth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat. 
 
 Breck, Daniel, was born at Topslield, .MiU-vS., 
 Feliruary 12, 178S; grAduatiMl from Dartmouth 
 College in 181,'{: studied law. and commenced 
 practice 1814 at Richmuiul, Ky.; judjie of the 
 Richmond County court; mcndier of the State 
 house of re|)resentalives 1S24-1S29: ])resident of 
 the Kichmond branch of the State Hank of Ken- 
 tucky 1835-1843; judge of the supreme court of 
 Kentucky 1843-1849; elected a Representative 
 from Kentucky to the Thirty-tirst Con<:re.>*! a.* a 
 Whig; after retiring from Congress resununl his 
 duties as president of the Richmond branch of the 
 State Hank. 
 
 Breck, Samuel, wa.-; born at Boston July 17, 
 1771; nciived a liberal education, completeil at 
 the Royal Militarv .■School of Loreze. in the.>-oHth 
 of France; returnmg to the Cnited States, he after- 
 wards visited Paris (lurin;; the Revolution; estab- 
 lished himself at Philadelphia in mercantile work 
 in 1792, and became a successful merchant; mem- 
 ber of the State legislature for .'^everal years; 
 elected a Repre.-ientative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Eighteenth Congress as a Federalist; died Septem- 
 lier 1, 18li2. 
 
 Breckenridge, Henry M., of Tarentum, Pa., 
 was elictid a Representative from that State to 
 the Twenty-sixth Congress a.-i a Whig, to till the 
 vacancy caused by the resignation of Rii-hanl Bid- 
 die, serving from September 10, 1840, to Manh 3, 
 1841. 
 
 Breckenridge, James, was born near Fincas- 
 tle, I'lotetciurt ( 'ounty. Va., .Manh 7, 17(>3; took 
 |)art in the Kevoluti<inary war; grailuated at 
 William and Mary ('■illege in 1785; studied law, 
 and afterwards practiced at Fincastle; member of 
 the .'^tate general a.s.-ieml>ly for several years, and 
 took a speiial interest in the construction of the 
 Chesapeake and Ohio Canal and in the establish- 
 ment of the Cniversity of Vir„'inia; electtil a Rep- 
 resentative from Virginia to the Eleventh Coni.'re.«H 
 as a Federalist; reelected to the Twelfth, Thir- 
 teenth, and Fiiurti'enth Congres.-e.s, serving from 
 Mav 22, 1809, to March 3, 1817; dit'<I at Fincastle, 
 Va.', .\ui.'ust 9, 1.84(i. 
 
 Breckenridge, James D. , was born in Jeffer- 
 son County, Ky.; receive<I a lilH'iiil education; 
 elei'lcnl a Representative from Kentucky to the 
 Seventeenth Cougros in jilaceof Wintield BnlliK-k, 
 decea.seil, servini: from l>eceTMber3, l.'^21, to March 
 3, 1S23; diml at l..iuisville, Ky., May, 1849. 
 
 Breckinridge, Clifton R., of Pine Bluff, Ark.; 
 was electeil a Repn'.sentative from .\rkansas to the 
 Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fiftv-tirst 
 Congrt'sses as a Democrat; unseatwl Se|>tem)(er 5, 
 18!H); nominated for the second session of the 
 
]iI()ORAPHIES. 
 
 411 
 
 Fifty-tirst Congress and ek^cted; reelected to the 
 Fiftv-second and Fifty-third CongreaaeB; resigned 
 August 14, 1894. 
 
 Breckinridge, John (grandfather of John C. 
 Breckinridge), was born in Virginia in 1760; re- 
 ceived a lilieral education; studied, and afterwards 
 ]5rncticed law; menilier of tlie general assembly of 
 Virginia; removed to Lexington, Ky., where he 
 held several public offices; elected United States 
 Senator from Kentucky as a Democrat, serving 
 from December 7, ISOl, until December 25, 1805, 
 when he resigned to accept the position of Attor- 
 ney-General <>i the United States under President 
 Jefferson; died at Lexington, Kv., December 14, 
 1806. 
 
 Breckinridge, John Cabell (grandson of John 
 Breckinridge), was Ixirn near Lexington, Ky., 
 January 21, 1821; received a liberal education, 
 Iwing a student at Center College; studied law at 
 the Transylvania Institute; admitted to the bar; 
 moved to Burlington, Iowa, but soon returned and 
 began practice at Lexington, Ky.; major of the 
 Third Kentucky Volunteers in the Mexican war; 
 member of the State legislature; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Kentucky to the Thirty-second Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; reelected to the Thirty-third 
 Congress; tendered the mission to Spain, but de- 
 clined it; elected Vice-President of the United 
 States in 1856; defeated as candidate for President 
 in 1860 by Abraham Lincoln; elected United States 
 Senator fr(;>m Kentucky in the place of J. J. Crit- 
 tenden, Whig, his term beginning March 4, 1861; 
 expelled December 4, 1861; entered theConfederate 
 army as major-general ; secretary of war of the Con- 
 federate States Government from January to April, 
 1865; died at Lexington, Ky.. >Iay 17, 1875. 
 
 Breckinridge, Williani C. P., of Lexington, 
 Ky . , was born August 28, 1837 ; graduated from Cen- 
 ter College, Danville, Ky., April 26, 1855, and from 
 the law department of the L'niversity of Louisville 
 Feliruary 27, 1857; attorney at law; elected to the 
 Forty-ninth Congress as a Democrat; reelected to 
 the Fiftieth, Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and Fifty- 
 third ConLTi'.sses; defeated for the nomination to 
 the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-sixth Congresses. 
 
 Breese, Sidney, was born atWhitesboro, X.Y., 
 July 15, 18IHI; student at Hamilton College and 
 graduated from Union College; moved to Illinois; 
 studied law. and conunenced practice at Kaskaskia 
 in 1820; a] ipointed postmaster of Kaska.skiainlS21, 
 prosecuting attorney in 1822, and United States 
 district attorney in 1827; held several commissions 
 in the militia and served as a lieutenant of volun- 
 teers in the Black Hawk war; elected circuit judge 
 in 1835; elected United States Senator from Illinois 
 as a Democrat to succeed Richard JM. Young, serv- 
 ingfrom December 4, 1843, to INIarch 3, 1849; mem- 
 ber of the State house of representatives, serving as 
 speaker in 18.50; made a judge of the circuit court 
 of Illinois in 1855, and its chief justice in 1873. 
 
 Breitung, Edward, of NegaunVe, Mich., was 
 born in the city of Schalkau, Germany, November 
 10, 1831; educated at the College of Meiningcn, in 
 the city of Meiningen, in Germany; capitalist in- 
 terested ill ii'on mines and lands; elected mavor 
 of Negaunee in 1879, 1880, and 1882; elected a 
 member of the State house of representatives for 
 1873-74, but resigned in 1873; elected a State sena- 
 tor from the thirty-second district in 1877-78; 
 elected to the Forty-eighth Congre.ss as a Rejjub- 
 lican. 
 
 Brengle, Francis, wasl)orn in Maryland in IsOii; 
 received a lilieral education; elected a Representa- 
 
 tive from Maryland to the Twenty-eighth Con- 
 gress as a Whig; died at Frederick, Md., Decem- 
 ber 10, 1846. 
 
 Brenner, John L., of Dayton, Ohio, was born 
 in Wayne Township, Montgomery County, Ohio, 
 in 1832; received a common school education; 
 worked on the farm summers and attended school 
 winters until 20 years old, when he attended the 
 Springfield, Ohio, Academy; engaged in farming 
 until 1862, when he engaged in the nursery busi- 
 ness, which pursuit he followed (juite successfully 
 until 1874; engaged in the leaf-tobacco business; 
 marrieil in the fall of 1866, and then made Dayton 
 his home; police commissioner; elected to the 
 Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth Congresses as a Demo- 
 crat. 
 
 Brent, Richard, was born in Virginia; received 
 a liberal education; elected a Representative from 
 Virginia to the Fourth, Fifth, and Seventh Con- 
 gresses; elected a LTnited States Senator from Vir- 
 ginia, serving fnuu Jlav 22, 1809, until his death 
 at AVashington, D. C, December 30, 1814. 
 
 Brent, WilliamL. , was born in Charles County, 
 Aid. ; received a liberal education; studied law and 
 moved to Louisiana, where lie practiced; elected a 
 Representative from Louisiana to the Eighteenth, 
 Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses as a AA'hig; 
 practiced law at Washington, D. C., and in Louisi- 
 ana; died at St. Martinsville, La., July 7, 1848. 
 
 Brentano, Lorenzo, was born at Mannheim, 
 Grand Duchy of Baden, Germany, November 4, 
 1813: received a liberal education and studied ju- 
 risprudence at the universities of Heidellierg and 
 Freiburg and graduated as LL. D. ; practicecl before 
 the supreme court of Baden; elected, on attaining 
 a legal age, to the chamlierof deputies and in 1848 
 to the Frankfort Parliament; president of the pro- 
 visional republican go\-ernment established bv the 
 revolutionists of 1849; sentenced to imprisonment 
 for life after the failure of the revolution, but sought 
 refuge in the United States; settled in Kalamazoo 
 County, Mich., and became a farmer; in 1859 
 moved to Chicago and was admitted to the liar; 
 became editor in chief and principal projirietor of 
 the Illinois Staats-Zeitung; member of the State 
 legislature in 1862; jiresident of the Chicago board 
 of education for five years; Pi-esidential elector on 
 the Grant and Colfax ticket in 1868; a general 
 amnesty having been granted to those who had 
 participated in the revolution of 1849, revisited his 
 native land in 1869, returning to Chicago after the 
 great fire; in 1872 appointed United States consul 
 at Dresden and served until Ajiril, 1876; elected a 
 Representative from Illinois to the Forty-fifth Con- 
 gress as a Republican ; after retiring from Congress 
 devoted himself to literary works along legal and 
 historical lines; ]niljlished report of the trial of 
 Guiteau, assassin of Garfield, and history of King 
 r. Missouri (107 U. S. ); died at Chicago" III., Sep- 
 tember 18, 1891. 
 
 Brenton, Samuel, was born in (4allatin County, 
 Ky., November 22, 1810; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; minister of the gospel ]8.'!0-184N; apiiointed 
 registrar of the land office at Fort AN'ayne 1848; 
 elected a Representative from Indiana to the 
 Tliirty-,«econd Congress as a Whig; defeated for 
 the Thirty-third Congress; elected to the Thirty- 
 fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses as a Republican, 
 but died before takintr his .seat at Fort Wavne, 
 Ind., March 29, 1857. ' 
 
 Brents, Thomas H., of Walla Walla, Wash., 
 was born near Florence, Pike County, III., Deceui- 
 lier 24. 1840; lawver: educated in common .schools 
 
412 
 
 ( <>N(iKKSSl()NAL UIUKCI' iKV . 
 
 and at Portlainl Acailciiiy, I'.aiilift Seminary oi 
 < trf^ion City, ami Mi'Miiui'villc (ullivc, in Oiv^'im; 
 justice (if file peare, iicisliiiasler at Canynn City, 
 Ort't;., ('(innty elerk of liraiit Cdniity. Oivj;., and 
 ineinlicr nf ilu- ( tret;(in State legislature; elected j 
 tn the Korty-sixth, Forty-sevi-ntli, and Korty- 
 ei^tlith ( 'ontrrcsses as a Ke]«nl>liean; resumed the 
 prai-tiee of law. 
 
 Bretz, John L.. of Jasper. Iml., was horn near 
 lluntin^'lmri.', ItuKiis Comity, liid., Septeniher 
 '2\, 1S.")1'; fanned until Si years of a);e; echu-uted 
 in cnmmon <duiitry schools and llnntiiifrliurt; 
 llicli School; tan>:ht school three years; read law 
 under lion. W. \. Traylor, ami "(.'radnatod from 
 the Cincinnati Law School in l.ssO; located in 
 .lasiKT the same yi^ar; I'lecteil prosecutini.' attorney 
 of the eleventh judicial circuit in 1S.S4, KSXli, and 
 KSSS; electe.l to the rifty-seconil and Fifty-tiiird 
 Con;;resses as a l>emocrat; resumed the practice 
 of law. 
 
 Brevard, Joseph, \va.s horn in Mecklenburg 
 Counlv, X. C., .Iidy lit, ITWi; received a liheral 
 education; entered the Kevohitionary Army as 
 lieutenant in 17S2, and served tliroujrhout the war; 
 moved to Camden. S. ('., and sheriff of that dis- 
 trict l7Sii-171H ; a|ipointed commi.ssioner in ei|uity 
 ()<-tolier 14, 17!H; admitted to the har Feliruary 
 II, 17!IL'; elected jud-ie I)i'ceml>er 17, ISOl.and re- 
 si);ned Decendier, ISl."), on account of ill health; 
 eleited a Ri'pre.seiitative from South Carolina to 
 the Sixteenth Coiijrress; died at Camden, S. C, 
 October 11, IS-.'l. 
 
 Brewer, Francis B., oi Westtield. N. Y., \va.s 
 born at Kecne, N. II., in ISL'O; educated in ])ublic 
 schools, and irraduated at Dartmouth Colle^re; also 
 praduated from the medical department of the 
 game institution; eiipiseil in bankinsr, nmnufac- 
 turinir, and farminfr; State military ajreiit dnrin<r 
 the civil war; elected to the New York State Icj;- 
 islature in l.H7:!and 1S74; i iovi'rnment director of 
 the liiion Tacitic Kailroad fi>nr years under Pre.-- 
 iilcnts (irant and Hayes; apjiointeil by (loveriior 
 Cornell a mana).'cr of the New York State In.sane 
 A-ylum at I'.uftalo; elected to the Forty-ei^'bth 
 Coiijiress a.s a Rejiublieaii; died .lulv L'Vi. I8!)2. at 
 Westlield, N. Y. 
 
 Brewer, J. Hart, of Trenton, N. J., wa.« born 
 in Hunterdon County, N. .1., March 29, 1S44; 
 educated at the l)elaware Literary Institution, 
 Franklin, Delaware County, N. Y.; manufacturer 
 of pottery; electtnl a member of the New .lersey 
 house of a-Sisembly in IS'ti; elected to the Fortv- 
 seveiith and Forty-eighth Congresst'S lus a Keiiuh- 
 lii-an; ajipointed assistant appraiser of merchan- 
 dise of the port of New York. 
 
 Brewer, Slark S., of I'ontiac, Mich., was l>orn 
 OctoU'r L'l', ls:i7, at .VdilL-on. Oaklaiiil County, 
 Mich.; worked upon his father's farm until he was 
 19 years of age; edmateil at Komeo and (Ixford 
 academies; commencid r<-ading law in ISIil with 
 ox-< iovernor Wisnerand Hon. .M. Iv Crofoot. and 
 in lst;4 admitted to the bar at I'ontiai' and prac- 
 tice<l his profj'ssioti; circuit court coniMUssioner for 
 Oakland County IStKi-lStiil; city attorney of I'on- 
 liacin IStHl amllStw; electiMl to the State senate of 
 Michiiraii in IX7"_' ami stTVed two years; ele<'ted to 
 the Forty-liflh, Forty-sixth. Fiftieth, and Fifty- 
 first ('oni:re.s,><es iLsa liepnblican; after leaving Con- 
 gress appointed niendHTof the Civil Service Com- 
 mission; died .March IS, I'lOl. 
 
 Brewer, Willis, of Hayneville, .Via., isa native 
 .Mabamian; enteri'il the military ."crvice of the 
 Confeilerate Siati-n a( the age of IS years; journal- 
 
 ist; practiied law; planter; in 1.S71 county treiis- 
 urer of Lowndes; ."^tate auditor lK7t>-lHM); Stat* 
 legislator 1SS( I- 1SH2; Stateseiiator 1882-lWK); State 
 legislator |.Si(0-l.s!i4; Stale senator from Ism till lie 
 resigned in 1S(I7; elector for the State at largi- on 
 the Dei -ralii' ticket in ISiC; lOecteil tothe Fifty- 
 fifth and Fifty-sixth Congre.-s<'s as a Democrat. 
 
 Brewster, David P., was born in the State of 
 New York; studieil law and practici<l at Oswego, 
 N. Y.; district attfuney of (iswego Count v ISL*!'- 
 1S:{(); elected a Hepresentative from New Vork to 
 the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses 
 as a Democrat; died at Oswego. N. Y., Februarv 
 lit. IS7t!. ' 
 
 Brewster, Henry C, of Hochester, N. Y., wa.* 
 born at Kochester, .Sejiteniber 7, lH4ii; received 
 his ediuation in the schools of the city; in lSti;j, 
 entered the Traders' National Hank as a clerk; in 
 l.S()8 appointed ca-'liier. a position he held formore 
 than twenty-six years; president of the same bank; 
 always took an active interest in the liepublican 
 party and contributed largely of his time and 
 means toward its success; vice-jircsiilent of the 
 New York State Ix'ague <pf Ke|>ul)lican Clul>8 and 
 president of the Monroe County Ix'ague; elected 
 to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses as a 
 Hepublican; interested in numerous local financial 
 and other institutions. 
 
 Brice, Calvin Stewart, of Lima, Ohio, \va.s born 
 at Denmark, Ohio, September 17, lS4.i: entered 
 Miami I'niversity, at Oxford, Ohio. SeiifemU'r, 
 IS.5S; enlisted in Captain Dodd's I'niversity Coni- 
 l>any .\pril. ISOI, and served at Camp .lackson. 
 Columbus. Ohio; in April. ISli'J, enlisted in Cap- 
 lain McFarland's Inivei-sity Company .\. Fighty- 
 sixth ( )hio Volunteer Infantry. an<l served in West 
 Virginia; graduated from Miami rniviM>ity .liine, 
 LSI).'); after teaching three months in the public 
 schools at Lima recruited a company, reentered 
 the service as captain of Company F. < >ne hun- 
 dred and eightieth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and 
 .-erved in the First Division of the Twenty-third 
 Corjis in Tennessee, (.ieorgia, and the Carolinas 
 until .Inly. l.S(i.T: studied law in the law depart- 
 ment of the I'niversity of Michigan, at .\nii.\rlNir; 
 admitted to practii'e" by the State and Fnittii 
 States district and circuit lourts at Cincinnati in 
 the spring of l.stit); on the Tililen electoral ticket 
 I in l«7li and Cleveland electoral ticket in 1SS4; 
 delegate at large from Ohio to the St. Louis Di-m- 
 ocratic national convention in IS.SS; selected to 
 represent Ohio on the national Democratic com- 
 mittee, and was made chairman of the campaign 
 conimitlce for the ensuing national iiinipaign; on 
 the death of William II. Kariium. was unanimous- 
 Iv elei-led chairman of the national committee, in 
 I 18H9; in .lanuary, IS'Ht, elected I'liited States Sen- 
 1 ator, to succeed noii. Henry 1!. I'ayne, for the 
 I term, l.S9I-l,S97: died at New York ("ity. Doviii- 
 ' l>er 1.".. ls!)S. 
 
 Brick, Abraham Iiincoln, of South TU'ikI. St. 
 .losepli Coniily, Ind., was iMirn in that county 
 Mav 27, |.H(>ll;'eilucated in the common .schools; 
 grai'luated from tin- South Hend High Sihool, and 
 later attended Cornell. Yale, and Mii-higan uni- 
 versities; graduated from the law department of 
 the Michigjin I'niviTsity in iss;!; practii-ed in 
 South Henil; in Issli, elected proseculor for the 
 counties of St. ,IoM-ph and Liporte; electe<l to the 
 Kifty-.sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Con- 
 gre.sses as a Kepublicaii. 
 
 Brickner, Oeorg-e H. , of Sheboygan Falls". 
 Wis., was born in iSivaria. Ciemiany, January 21, 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 413 
 
 1834: immigrated to Ohio in 1S40; educated in the 
 common scliniils; wnolen manufacturer: elected to 
 the Fifty-flrh^t, Fifty-second, an.l Fifty-third Con- 
 gresser^ an a Democrat. 
 
 Bridges, George W., was born in Mc^Minn 
 County, Tenn., October It, 1825; received bis edu- 
 cation at the East Tennessee University; studied 
 law and practiced, also engaged in agricultural 
 |iursuits: attorney-general of Tennes.see 1S49-1860; 
 elected in August, ISfil, a Representative from 
 Tennessee to the Thirty-seventh Congress as a 
 Unionist; was arrested on his way to Washington, 
 taken back, and held over a year a jjrisoner in 
 Tennessee; succeeded in esi'apirig, and admitted 
 to his seat in the House Februarv 25, 1863, serving 
 until :\Iarch 3, 1863. 
 
 Bridges, Samuel Augustus, was born at Col- 
 i-hestcr.Cnun., .lanuary 27, 1S()2; in 1826 graduated 
 from Williams College; in October of the same 
 year moved tr> eastern Pennsylvania; studied law; 
 admitted to the liar in 1829 and practiced at Doyles- 
 town; moved in :March, 1830, to Allentown, Pa., 
 where he' continued the j^ractice of law; deputy 
 attorney-general of the State for seven years for 
 Lehigh County ; in 1841 delegate to the Democratic 
 .Stale convention; elected a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Thirtieth Congress (to fill the 
 vacancy caused by the death of .John \V. Horn- 
 beck, Whitrl as a Democrat and served from ]\Iarch 
 6, 1848, to March 3, 1849; elected to the Thirty- 
 third Congress; defeated for the Thirty-fourth 
 Congress; again elected to the Forty-fifth Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Briggs, George, was born in Fulton County, 
 ^■. Y., May 6, 1805; in 1812 moved to Vermont 
 and was educated in the pulilic schools; engaged 
 in mercantile jiursuits; in 1837 elected to the State 
 house of representatives; in 1838 moved to New 
 York City and was a large dealer in hardware 
 there; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Thirty-tirst and Thirty-second Congresses as a 
 AVhig; elected to the Thirty-sixth as an American; 
 in 1886 delegate to the national Union convention 
 at Philadelphia; died at Saratoga, N. Y., June 1, 
 1869. 
 
 Briggs, George Nixon, was born at North 
 A(iams, ilass., April 13, 1796; educated in the jjub- 
 lic schools; apprenticed to a hatter; studied law 
 and practiced at Pittsiield; register of deeds for 
 Berkshire County 1824-1831; elected a Represent- 
 ative frcim Massachusetts to the Twentv-second, 
 Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, Twen- 
 ty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses as a 
 Whig; governorof Massachusetts]844-1851; mem- 
 ber of the State constitutional cimventinn of 1853; 
 judge of the court of common jileas 1851-1856; 
 president of the Tract Society, the Baptist ]Mis- 
 sionary Union, and the .Sunday School Union; in 
 1861 ajipointed one of a commission to adjust dif- 
 ferences between the United States and New Gren- 
 ada; died September 12, 1861. 
 
 Briggs, James F.. of Manchester, N. H., was 
 born at Bury, Lanca-shire, England; received a 
 common school and academic education; studied 
 law: admitted to the bar in 1851; practiced at 
 Hillslioro, N. H., imtil 1871, at which time he 
 moved to Manchester: elected a member of the 
 State legislature in 1856, 1857, 1858, and 1874; a 
 member of the State senate in 1876; elected a Rep- 
 resentative to the Forty-fifth, F(irty-sixth, and 
 Forty -seventh C'ongresses as a Reiiublican; de- 
 clined a renomination; in 1883, 1891, and 1897 
 
 elected to the State legislature, serv'ing the latter 
 year as speaker of the house; in 1889, member of 
 the State constitutional convention. 
 
 Brigham, Elijah, was born at Northboro, 
 ]Mass., June 6, 1750; graduated from Harvard Col- 
 lege in 1778; studied theology but soon relinquished 
 it and engaged in mercantile pursuits at Westboro; 
 appointed a justice of the court of common pleas 
 in 1795; in 1796 elected a State senator, and was 
 State councilor in 17S9 and 1790; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Massachusetts to tlie Twelfth (.'on- 
 gress as a Federalist and reelected to the Thirteenth 
 and Fourteenth Congresses; died at Washington, 
 D. C, February 22, 1816. 
 
 Brigham, Lewis A., of .Jersey City, N. J., was 
 born at New York Mills, Oneida County, N. Y., 
 .January 2, 1831 ; graduated from Hamilton Col- 
 lege, New York, in 1849, and admitted to the New 
 York bar in 1855; elected superintendent of pub- 
 lic schools of the city of Bergen, N. J., 1866- 
 1870; member of the board of police commission- 
 ers of Jersey City 1874-1876; elected a member of 
 the legislature of New Jersey in 1877; elected to 
 the Fort}--sixth Congress as a Republican; died 
 February 19, 18.85. 
 
 Bright, Jesse D., was born at Norwich, N. Y., 
 December 18, 1812; moved with his jiarents to 
 Indiana in 1820; educated in the public schools; 
 studied law; admitted to the bar in 1831, and 
 practiced at Madison, Ind. ; in 1834 elected judge 
 of the prol.iate court of Jefferson County; in 1836 
 member of the State house of representatives; 
 United States marshal for the district of Indiana; 
 in 1.841, elected lieutenant-governor of Indiana; 
 elected a United States Senator from Indiana as 
 a Democrat to succeed Albert S. \\'hite. Whig, 
 and twice reelected, serving from December 27, 
 1845, to Feliruary 5, 1.862, w'hen he was expelled 
 for having, in a letter to Jefferson Davis, recog- 
 nized him as President of the Confederate States; 
 moved to Covinsrton, Ky.: in 1866 member of 
 the State legislature; in 1871, chosen president of 
 the Raymond City Coal Company; in 1874 moved 
 to Baltimore, still retaining his connection with 
 the coal company; died at Baltimore, JNId., May 
 20, 1875. 
 
 Bright, John Morgan, of Fayetteville, Tenn., 
 was born at Fayetteville, Tenn., January 20, 1817; 
 received his early education at Fayetteville, and 
 at Bingham's School, Hillsboro, N. C. ; graduated 
 from Nashville University, Tennessee, in Septem- 
 ber, 1839, and from the law department of Tran- 
 sylvania University, Jjexington, Ky., in JMarch, 
 1841; practiced law; member of the legislature of 
 Tennessee in 1847-48; received the degree of LL.D. 
 from the Nashville Univer.«ity; elected to the 
 Forty-second, Forty-third, Fortj'-fourth, Forty- 
 fifth, and Forty-sixth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Brinkerhoff, Henry R., was born in Adams 
 County, Pa., in 1788; moved with his parents to 
 Cayuga County, N. Y. ; ret'eived a \'ery limited 
 education; commanded a company of nnlitia in 
 the war of 1812, distinguishing him.«elf at the bat- 
 tle of Queenstown Heights; twice elected a mem- 
 ber of the State legislature; major-general of the 
 New York State militia; in 1827 moved to Huron 
 County, ()hio, and cultivated a large farm; elei'ted 
 a Representative from (_)hio to the Twenty -eighth 
 Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 4, 
 1843, until his death, in Huron Countv, Ohio, 
 April 30, 1844. 
 
 Brinkerhoff, Jacob, was liorn in the State of 
 New York; moved to Plymouth, Ohio; elected a 
 
414 
 
 r()N(}RKSS10NAL DtRKCTORV. 
 
 l\i'|«nsi'iitalive iroin tlmt Stati' to llif Twcnty- 
 i'ij:litli lUiilTwonty-ninth I'oiinrcsscsiisii Mi'iiiin-nit. 
 
 Brisbin, John, was Imrii in l'i'iinsylvi\iiiu; 
 oK-rtod a K«'|)rcsfiilativo I'nvin lliut Stato to tlir 
 Thirty-lii-st ('iiiiirivss (lotiU llu>\araiuy rauM'il liy ! 
 Iho lii-atliuf C'lifstfr HutloiWi.-'U \Vlii<;, amlsiTved 
 frimi January V.i, 1S.51, to JIari-h ."{, ISiil. 
 
 Bristow. Francis Marion, was Ixirn in Clark 
 (niiiilv, Ky., Aiiiiusl II. IS(M; ivroivtil a liliiTal 
 oluratiiin; slmliotl law, anil iiraitii-ol; cnirasitMl in 
 a);riiiillural pursuits: nuMiibcr of the State Imnso ' 
 of ri'invsi'nljilivi'S in lS:il ami IS.i.'i, ami of tlu> 
 State senate in lS4ti: nienilK-r of tlie State eonsti- | 
 (ntional convention in 184!i; eleeteil a Kepresenta- ] 
 live from Kentiieky to the Thirty-tliinl Congress 
 as a Whit;, to (ill the vaeaney eanseil by the ileath 
 of I'resliv Kwing, and st-rved from Ueeendier 4, 
 l.S.%4, to March;!, 185,"); again elected to the Thirty- 
 sixth Congress: espoused tlie Cnion cause and was 
 for a time a n'I'ugee in Illinois; tiled at KIkton. 
 Ky.. .lune 1(\ 18ti4. 
 
 Bristow, Henry, of Brooklyn, X. Y.; was 
 tiorn .lune'), 1,S40. at St. Michael, Azon- Islands, j 
 Imt resided in Brooklyn. N. Y., since childhood; ( 
 educated in |irivate and puhhc schools; eng;ige<l ' 
 in mercantili' business until ISilii; served as a 
 niendur of tlie board of education of the city of 
 Brooklyn l,*vSt>-lS,S9: apinnnted city magistrate in 
 ISlKi; as a meudier of the Seventh l\egiineiit, 
 National (iuard. State of New York, went to the 
 front twicednring the war of the reld'Uion; eliM'toii ! 
 to the I'ifty-sevenlh Congress as a Kepublican. I 
 
 Broadhead, James O., of St. Louis, Mo., was 
 born at Charlottesville, Va., May 211, b»<19: edu- 
 cated at the High School in Albemarle County and 
 afterwards at the I'nivoi-sity of Virginia: stmlied 
 law with I'.dward Bates, of Missouri, and praiticed; 
 elected to the Missouri legislature in 1S47, and to the 
 senate in 1 S."i()- 1 ,><.'i4 ; nuMuberof the constitutional 
 eonventionsin Missouri in l,S(il-lS(i.;,w hiclnlcposeii 
 the rebel legislature, and governed the State of 
 Mi.s.so\iri for two yi-ars of the ivlH'llion: Cniteil 
 States district attorney for the eastern ilistrict of 
 Missouri in b'<(il; meudier of the State constitu- 
 tional convention of 1S75; eleeteil to the Forty- 
 eighth ( 'ongressjus a Democrat; in IRS.t apiiointtnl a 
 member of the French Spoliation Claims Com- 
 mission by Fresi<lent Cleveland; minister to Swit- 
 zerland. 
 
 Brockenbrough, William H., was born in 
 1,'<1;) anil n-ceiveil a liln'ral education: studied 
 law and admitted to the bar; settled at Tallahassee, 
 Fla.; senator midcr the Territorial govcrnineiit and 
 Fnited States district attorney; elected a Kepre- 
 sentative from Florida to the Twenty-ninth Con- 
 u'rt-.ss as a Kemocrat and received his seat, although 
 it wa.s conte.sttvl bv K, C. Calndl, M'hiu': died at 
 Tallabassic. Fla., in .lune. IfiiO. 
 
 Brockway, John H., was born at Kllington. 
 Conn.: gnuluattil from Yale College in l.S'Jtl; 
 taught school and studied law; admitted to the 
 Iwr and pnicticeil at l'°llington: mendier of the 
 Stale senate and house of U'pre.-entalives of Con- 
 necticut for st'veral terms; eleett-d a Hepn'.senta- 
 tive from Connecticut to the Twenly-sixth and 
 Twi'nty-seventh Congresses as a Whig. 
 
 Broderick, Case, of llolton, Kans., was Imihi 
 in tirant County, Ind., Septemlier .:!, IS,"?!*; re- 
 eeiviil a conunon school iilueatioii; reinoviHl to 
 Kan.-^is in the fall of btiS; settled in l)ouglasTown- 
 pliip, .lack.Mon County, and eiigugt'd in farming: 
 enlisted at Fort Seott, Kans., as a private soldier 
 
 ill the .Second Kansas Battery in 1S»!2, ami inus- 
 tere<l out at lA'avenworth in August, lsii.i; elet-ted 
 probate judge of .laekson County in IKliS, an<l 
 twice reelected; studied law and adndtttHi to the 
 bar at llolton in \S70; elei-ted county attorney of 
 .lackson County in I.STti and 1,'<7S: elected State 
 senator in ISSd to represent .lack.soii and I'otta- 
 watomie counties; in March, 1SS4, appointtil liy 
 I're.sident .\rthur as.sociate justice of the supreme 
 court of Idaho for the term of four years; moved 
 at once to Boise City, Idaho, a.ssiiined the dutie.s 
 of the position and serve<l until the fall of 1SK,S, 
 when he returned to llolton and resumed the 
 practice of law; elected to the Fifty-second. Fifty- 
 third. Fifty-fourth, and Fifty-lifth Congresses as a 
 Kepublican: resumed the practice of law. 
 
 Broderick, David Colbreth, w as born at Wash- 
 ington, 1>. C., in I)eceiiiber, 1.SI8, his father having 
 emigrated from Ireland to work as a stonecutter 
 on the Capitol; moved to New York in IS'JS. and 
 ediu'ated in the common schools; appreiitiifd to 
 learn the stoneeuttei's' trade: ]iiominenlly con- 
 nected with the volunteer lire department: defeateil 
 lus the Ilemoci-ati<' eandidate for the Thirtieth 
 Congi-ess: in 1S4!I i-emoved to California; member 
 of the constitutional convention of California in 
 1S4(I; member of the State senate of California in 
 l,*<."iO and IS.")], and president of that body the last 
 year; elected a Fnited States .'Senator from Cali- 
 fornia for the term of IS.")7-l,><t):): mortally woundeil 
 in a duel by David S. Terry, chief justii^e of the 
 supreme court of California, and died .Sej>teml>er 
 II), 18,=S!>. 
 
 Brodhead, John, was born in 1771: minister 
 of the Methodist Fpiscopal Church for forty-four 
 years; elected a Kepresenlative fmni New I lamp- 
 shire to the Twenty-liryt and Twenty-second Con- 
 gresses; died at New Market, X. H., April 7, 18;?X. ■ 
 
 Brodhead, John C, wa.s a resident of Mnileiia, 
 I'Ister County. N. Y.; elected a Representative 
 from that .stalcto theTwenty-seeond and Tweiity- 
 tifth Coiisirt'sses as a IX'inocrat. 
 
 Brodhead, Richard, was born in Pike County, 
 I'a.: elected a Kepri.seiitative from that State to 
 the Twenty-eighth. Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth 
 Congre.sses as a DemoiT-at; elected Cnited States 
 Senator from rennsylvania to succetil l>aniel 
 Sturgeon, Deinoerat, serving from Deivmln'r 1, 
 18.51 to March M, 18.57; died at 1-ji.ston, Pa., 
 September 17. ISl!.'). 
 
 Brogden, Curtis H., of GoldslH)ro. was elected 
 a Kepresenlative from North Carolina to the 
 Forty-tifth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Bromberg:, Frederick George, wiis l>orii in 
 New York City ,lune 1!'. 1S:;7; movi-d with his 
 [Kirents to Mobile. .Via., in February. l.><:)8; in 1S5S 
 graduatcil from llarvanl Inivei^ity: sludenl and 
 assistant in the chemical lal«'ralory of the Ijiw- 
 reiuv Scieiitilic .School, Cambridge, M.H.ss.. Istil- 
 l.S(k); eleeteil tutor ill matliematii-s at Harvaril 
 I'liiversity in l."**!.'!; resigiuil in l.sikSand retHrne<l 
 to Mobile: apjiointeil treasurer of the city of 
 I Mobile in .Inly. ISii7. by Maj. lien. .lohn Po|ie. 
 eoininanding the department, and serveil until 
 .Taniiary It*. ISliit; member of the State s«'nate of 
 .Maliama 18li.><-1872: in .Inly. IStttl. B^'point^■•l post- 
 master of Mobile, but wasri'inoveil in .lune. 1871; 
 eleeteil a Representative from .Maliama to the 
 Fortv-third Congress by the I.iln'ral Republicjins 
 and l>eniCM'ruts, but defeattnl (or the Forty-fourth 
 < "ongrt' ss. 
 
 Brorawell. Henry P. H. , was Ixirn at Balti- 
 nion-. Md.. .\ui;ust -•>, ISL':;; iiiove<I to Ohio and 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 415 
 
 afterwards to Illinois, where he studied and jirae- 
 tii-ed law. pulilished and edited the Vandalian 
 Age of Steam and Fire; Presidental elector from 
 Illinois in 18liO; elected a Representative from 
 Illinois to the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Con- 
 gresses as a Eepubliean; mcived to Denver, Colo., 
 in ISSO, and engaged in the practice of law; died 
 at Denver, Colo., January 9, 1903. 
 
 Brom'well, Jacob H., of Wyoming, Ohio, was 
 born ^lay 11. 1S47. at Cincinnati. ( >hio: receiveil 
 his education in the ]iublic schools of Cincinnati, 
 graduating from Hughes's High School in ISti-i; 
 lived on a farm in southern Indiana for three 
 years; taught in the Cincinnati high schools for 
 seventeen years; graduated from the Cincinnati 
 Law College in 1870; assistant county solicitor of 
 Hamilton County, Ohio, for four years; elected to 
 the Fifty-third Congress as a Republican to fill 
 the unex)iired term made vacant liy the resigna- 
 tion of Hon. .lohn A. Caldwell; reelected to the 
 Fifty-fourth, Fifty-tifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty- 
 seventh Congresses. 
 
 Bronson, David, was born at Suffield, Conn.; 
 graduated from Dartmouth College in 1819; stud- 
 ied law and commenced practice at Anson, Jle. ; 
 member of the State house of representatives in 
 1832 and 1834 and of the State senate in 1846; 
 elected a Representative from ilaine to the Twen- 
 ty-seventh Congress (to fill a vacancy caused by 
 the resignation of George Evans, on his election to 
 the Senate) as a Whig, serving from May 31, 1841, 
 to JIarch 3, 1843; collector of customs at Bath, 
 Me., 1850-1853; jndge of probate for Sagadahoc 
 Countv 1854-1857; died in Talbot Countv, Md.. 
 Noxeinber 20, 1863. 
 
 Bronson, Isaac H. , was born at Rutland, N. Y., 
 October lii, 1S02; educated in the public schools; 
 studieil law and practiced at Watertown. N. Y. ; 
 elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, but 
 defeated forthe Twenty-sixthCongress; appointed 
 judge of the fifth judicial district of New York; 
 appointed United States district judge for the 
 northern district of Florida; died at Palatka, Fla., 
 August 13, 1855. 
 
 Brooke, Walter, was educated in the public 
 schools; studied law and practiced at Ijcxington, 
 Miss.; elected a Cnitcd States Senator froniMissis- 
 sippi (in ]ilace of Henry S. Foote, resigned), serv- 
 ing from JIarch 11, 1852, to March 3, 1853; elected 
 a memlier of tlie Provisional Confederate Congress 
 from Mississippi in 1861, serving one year; de- 
 feated as a candidate for the Confederate senate 
 by James Phelan. 
 
 Brooks, David, was born in Pennsylvania in 
 175(1; educated in the public schools; in 1776 
 entered the Continental Army as a lieutenant in I 
 the Pennsylvania line; captured at Fort Washing- 1 
 ton. November 10, 1776, and exchanged after two ) 
 yeai's' imprisonment; appointed a.ssistant clothier- 
 general in 1778, in which position he secured the 
 friendship of Washington; after the war moved to 
 Dutche.'^s County, N. Y.; member of the State 
 assembly for six years; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Fifth Congress; appointed 
 commissioner to negotiate a treaty with the Seneca 
 Indians; first judge of Dutchess County, serving 
 sixteen years; officer in the United States customs 
 ser\ice; died in Dutchess County, N. Y., August 
 30, 1838. 
 
 Brooks, Georg-e Merrick, was born at Con- 
 cord, Mass., July 26, 1824; in 1844 graduated from 
 Harvard College; studied law and practiced; in 
 
 1858 member of the Massachusetts house of rep- 
 resentatives, and in 1859 of the IMassachusetts State 
 senate; member of the joint committee of the sen- 
 ate and house chosen in 1859 to revise the statutes 
 of Massachusetts; elected a Representative from 
 Massachusetts to the Forty-first Congress in 
 November, 1869 (to fill the vacancy caused by the 
 appointment of George S. Boutwell to the office of 
 the Secretary of the Treasury), as a Republican; 
 reelected to the Forty-second Congress; resigned 
 in 1872 to become judge of probate for Middlesex 
 County. 
 
 Brooks, James, was born at Portland, Me., 
 November 10, 1810; graduated from Waterville 
 College; taught school in Portland until 1830; 
 edited the Portland Advertisei', for which he wrote 
 letters from Washington during sessions of Con- 
 gress; in 1835 traveled in Europe, and on his 
 return established the New York Dailv E.Kpress, 
 of which he was the editor in chief the remainder 
 of his life; defeated as a Whig candidate for Con- 
 gress in the Twenty-fifth Congress; member of the 
 State legislature in 1867; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Thirty-first and Thirty- 
 second Congresses as a Whig; electeil to the Thirty- 
 eighth, Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, Forty-first, and 
 Forty-second Congresses as a Democrat; in the 
 Thirty-ninth his seat was successfully contested 
 by William E. Dodge, Republican; appointed a 
 Government director in the Union Pacific Railroad 
 in October, 1867; made a tour around the world 
 in 1872; died at AVashington, D. C, April 30, 1873. 
 
 Brooks, Micah, was born at Cheshire, Conn., 
 in 1775; moved to western New York and received 
 his education through the instruction of his father; 
 taught school and worked on a farm; in 1806 
 appointed a justice of the peace; judge of the Liv- 
 ingston County court 180(5-1826; member of the 
 New York Assembly 1808-9; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Ne\v York to the Fourteenth Congress; 
 member of the State constitutional convention of 
 1821; presidential elector on the Adams ticket in 
 1824; died in Livingston County, N. Y., July 7, 1857. 
 
 Brooks, Preston S. , was born in Edgefield dis- 
 trict, South Carolina, August 10, 1819; graduated 
 from the College of South Carolina in 1839; studied 
 law; admitted to the liar 1843: member of the 
 State general assendjiy 1844; served in the Mexi- 
 can war as captain of the Palmett(i Regiment of 
 South Carolina Volunteers; elected a Representa- 
 tive from South Carolina to the Thirty-third Con- 
 gress as a State Right Democrat; reelected to the 
 Thirty-fourth Congress, serving from December 
 5, 1853, to July 14, 1856, when (the House not 
 having given a two-thinls vote for Ids expulsion 
 for the a-ssault upon Charles .Sumner) he resigned; 
 again elected to the Thirty-fourth and the Thirty- 
 fifth Congresses, serving till his death at AVash- 
 ington, D. C January 27. 1857. 
 
 Brookshire, Elijah Voorhees, of Crawfords- 
 ville, Ind., was born near Ladoga, in Alontgomery 
 County, Ind., August 15, 1856; graduated in the 
 scientific course from the Central Indiana Normal 
 College at Ladoga in August, 1878; engaged in 
 farming and .school teaching until 1883; studied 
 law. and admitted to the bar in Crawfordsville in 
 that year; and engaged in the practice of the law 
 and farming; elected to the Fifty-first, Fifty- 
 second, and Fifty-third Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Broom, Jacob, was born at Baltimore, Md., 
 July 25, 1808; received a lilieral education; moved 
 to Pennsvlvania and appointed deputy auditor of 
 that State in 1840; in 1849 elected clerk of the 
 
4K', 
 
 CONORESSIONA I. DI RKCTOIJY. 
 
 riiilail('l|>liiai>i'phitiis' ciiiirl; olci'tcd n KopreiJciita- 
 livi- Iniiii IViifisylvaiiia lo the Tliirly-fourlli Coii- 
 ^'less iu>" ail Aiiicricaii Wliiir; clit-il at Wasliintitoii, 
 D. ('., ill N'ovfinlKT, IStJ-l. 
 
 Broom, Jam^s M., was Ihhh in Ih'lawaro in 
 177S; iiiailnatcil I'miii I'rinivtoii Colii'jiu in 1794; 
 elt'i-tcil a Hr|iiv«>ntalivi' fniin Hi'lawarc tn lln' 
 Ninth Ciinjiress. 
 
 Broomall, John M., wa" Iporn at Ujiiior Clii- 
 clu'stcr, I'a, .lanuarx 1'.', ISlii; received a cuininoii 
 .scliunl eilueatiun; sluilieil law, ami |>raeliceil linr- 
 iii^ the ;:ivater part uf his hie; ineiiilieTdl' the Slate 
 li'^islatiireof I'eiiMsylvania. IS."il -.'ii'; iiieiuberdi the 
 .State revi'iiiie Ixianl in 1S.")4; rri'siilential elei'tur in 
 1 Slid I 111 the l.ineiiln tieket ami a'.'aiii in IS7l.'<in the 
 (irant ticket; eleeteil a Ivepresentative tniiii IVnii- 
 sylvaiiia tn the Thirty-ei>;lith, Thirty-iiintli and 
 Kortietli ( 'oiit;res.st>(< as a Ke|iahlican; <lieil in 1894. 
 
 Brosius, Marriott, of Lancaster, I'a., was horn 
 in CoUiain Township, l.aiuaster t'onnty, I'a., 
 -March 7, 1,S4.'>; n^ceiveil a cuninion scliool and ac- 
 ademic educiition; enlisted as a iirivate in Com- 
 pany K, Xiiiety-spventli Ke<;iment Pennsylvania 
 Voliiiiteers, in ()ctol>er, ISIil, for three vears, ainl 
 Man'h (>. ISi;:), w Idle eM}rat:e<t on the Ivlisto Kiver, 
 promoted to seri;<'aiit; partici|iated in the sie;'e of 
 Charleston and theas-anll on Fori Warner, and on 
 the I'Sth of I'ehiiiary, ISil), reenlisted as a vet- 
 eran; on May I'll, l>il>4, ]>articipated in the luilliaiit 
 eharfic at (irecn I'laiiis. in the Benimda ilnndred; 
 in this encounter he snstained a severe wouikI, from 
 the effects of which he was a lifeloiif; sufferer; dis- 
 charjied IVceinber 2S, 1,S|)4, and on Kehrnary L'.H, 
 lS()."i, wius comniissioned a second lieutenant for 
 bravery on the field of battle; after the war he lin- 
 ished his eihication at the Milleisville Normal 
 School anil took a course of law at Ann .Vrbor 
 l"niversity; admitted to the bar in Isils, and prac- 
 ticed; in 1SS2 was the Republican caiiilidate for 
 Congressman at laijie, but was defeated; eli'cted 
 to the Fifty-lirst. Kifty-second, Fifty-third, Fifty- 
 fourtli, Fifty-liftli, Fi'fty-sixtli, and Fifty-seventh 
 Con);res.ses as a Ivepnblii'an; died March Hi, 1901, 
 at Lancaster, I'a. 
 
 Broussard, Robert F., of New Ibeiia, La., was 
 born .\ui.'ust 17, lSli4, on the Marie Louise planta- 
 tion, near New Iberia, parish i>f Iberia, La.; at- 
 tended various public and private schools, and in 
 1S7!I entered (icort;etown I'niversity, \Vasliint.'ton, 
 I). C, where he remainecl until ISSL'; appointed 
 inspector of customs Pecember '.'7. lSS.i, at New 
 Orlean-', and to assistant weigher, and suli.se(|ucntly 
 to export statistician at that port; dnriiii; the time 
 he was in the (iovernnieul service he entered the 
 law school of Tnlaiie I'niversity, of Louisiana, at 
 New Orleans, ami jirailuated in ISSli; moved to 
 New Ibi'ria, where he eoinmenced the practice of 
 law with T. I)onelson Foster; electecl menilKM- of 
 the Meiiiocratic jiarish executive committee, the 
 Democratii- Coin:re.ssioual executive I'ommiltee of 
 thcTliirilrlistricI, and the I>eiiioiTaticState ci'iitral 
 executive coinmiltec; in ISililtookactivc part iiitlie 
 controversy over the lottery nucstioii on the anti- 
 lottery side, and canvas.seil the State in that mem- 
 orable eHiiipaiijn; became the noiiiinec of the anti- 
 lottery wiii« of the Oeniocnitic party for theilistrict 
 attorneyship of the nineti'enlb jiiiliiial district of 
 !.,ouisiana, to which position he was eleiteil at the 
 State elections <if 1HH2 and 1S94; elected to the 
 Fifly-tiftli, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, ami Fifty- 
 eighth Coinrri-RSi'S as a Denioerat. 
 
 Brower, John M., of Mount Airy, N. C, was 
 born at (ireeiislMiro. N. ('.. Julv !!•. 1S4.t; mi>ved 
 
 with his paient.s to Mount Airy; receive<l n com- 
 mon school education; enea^'ccl in farming' and 
 niannfactuiiu'^ tobai-co; in 187"), elected to the Statu 
 constitutional convention, but was counted out by 
 10 votes; in Aie^ust, 1.H78, elected to the Stale sen- 
 ate; <anilidate for < 'on;;iess in 1S7S, but was de- 
 feated; elected to the Fiftieth and Fifty-lirst Cou- 
 };re.sses as a Kepublican. 
 
 Brown, Aaron Vail, was born in Hrunswick 
 County, \'a., .\ut;ust l.'i, 170."); yrailuated from the 
 l'ni\crsity of North Carolina in IS14, ami in 1S1."« 
 moved with his pareiitsto Nashville, Tenn. ; studied 
 law anil i)racticeil at Nashville; in partnership 
 with .lames K. I'olk, in (iiles County, for some 
 time; elected a Representative from Tennes.sce to 
 the Twenty-sixth. Twenty-seventh, and Twelily- 
 eifjhth ( 'onirre.s.'^es as a IVmociat; in 1 S4.") electwl 
 governor of Tennessee, ami defeated for reelection 
 in 1.S47; appointed TostmastiT-t ieneral by Presi- 
 dent ISuchanau in March, 18.")7; died at Washing- 
 ton, I). C, .March .s, l,S.")i). 
 
 Brown, Albert Gallatin, was born in Chester 
 District, S. C, May .SI, l.sl:i; nioveil with hi.s 
 liaients to Mi.ssissippi when a child and received 
 a liberal education; stuilied law and practiceil; 
 member of the State house of representativea 
 18.'J5-1,H,'}9; elected a Repre.-entative from Mis- 
 sissippi to the Twenty-sixth CoiiKress as a Dem- 
 ocrat; jud^eof thecircuit superior court l.8.")2-."):i; 
 ;;ovcrnor of Mississippi, 184-1-IS4S: electiMl a Kej)- 
 le.sentativefniiu .M issi.ssippi tot I leTliirtieth, Thirty- 
 first, and Thirtv-second Con>:resses, siTvinj; from 
 .laniiary L'4, 1848, to March :{, l.S."):i; elected a 
 United States .Senator from Mississippi in l.s.'j.Sand 
 reelected in IS.'iO, serving from .lanuary L'(>, l.'v)4, 
 until the secession of Mississi|ipi, when he with- 
 drew, ,Ianuarv 12, 18(51; ex]>elled from the I'uited 
 Slates SeiiateJuly II, bStil; entere<l the Confeder- 
 ate army as captain in the .S|.venteenth Mississippi 
 Volunteers; in bStil' elected a Confederate States 
 senator and served in the tirst and .seiond con- 
 gresses; died at .lackson. Miss., .Fune 12, 1.8,80. 
 
 Brown, Anson, was born at Ballston, N. Y., in 
 
 1800; received a liberal education; studied lawaiid 
 practiced at Hallslon; t'lected a Kepresentative 
 Iroin New York to theTweiity-sixtli Congress as a 
 Whi;;, serviin; from March ',i, l.S,'{(t. until his death 
 at Ballsfon, ,Iune 14, 1.S40. 
 
 Brown, Arthur, of .Salt Lake City, I'tidi, was 
 born Marili 8, 184:!, on a farm in Prairie Konde, 
 Kalamazoo County. Mi.h.; reiciveil the usual 
 common school education, and after attendini: .\n- 
 tioch College, at Yellow Sprinspi, Ohio, ^rradualed 
 there in 18li2; took a post->ria(hiate literary course 
 at the I'niversity of Miehitran, .Ann Arbor, and re- 
 eeivi'd a decree from that nuiversitv; jinulnated 
 from the law siliool at .\nn .\rborin 18ti4. ami 
 admilteil to the bar of Michigan, commeiK'int; 
 practice at once at Kalamazoo; moved to Salt l..ake 
 City, rtah, 1879; elected as a Kepublican to the 
 I'nited States Senate .lanuary 22. 189(1, upon the 
 admission of ttu^ State of I'lah, him.selfaiid col- 
 lea);ue beiii); elec'ted at one and the sametimeand 
 on the same vote; in drawint; lots in the presence 
 of the Senate he drew the short term; extensively 
 ennat;ed in the law business both in Michi;;anand 
 in the .States of I'lah an.| Idaho; his tenn of serv- 
 ice expireil March ;{, 1.897; <lele>!ate to the Kepub- 
 li«-an national conventions of 189(1 and 1900. 
 
 Brown, B. Gratz (grandson of ,Tohn Brown), 
 was 1 Kirn at Lexiiejion. Ky., May 2.8, 182(1; ^nul- 
 iiated from the Tninsylvania I'niversity in 184.'>, 
 and from Yale (^llle.Je in 1847; studieil law at 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 417 
 
 Louisville an<l prartired at 8t. Louis, Mo.; mem- 
 bcrof the State liouseof representatives 1852-1.S58; 
 one of the foundera of the Missouri I>enioiTat and 
 its editor 1854-1859; took an active part in pre- 
 venting the secession of Misscuri in 1861; elected 
 United States Senator from Missouri as a Repub- 
 lican in the place of W. 1*. Johnson, expelled in 
 1862, serving from December 14, 1863, imtil iVIarch 
 4, 1867; nominated for Vice-President in 1872 on 
 the Greeley ticket, and, after Mr. Greeley's death, 
 receiveil 18 \(ites for President; died at St. Louis, 
 Mu., December 13, 1885. 
 
 Brown, Bedford, was born in C'aswell County, 
 N. C, in 17!t5; elected to the house of commons of 
 North Carolina in 1S15, 1816, 1817, and 1823, and 
 to the State .senate in 1828 and 1829; elected aUnited 
 States Senator from North Carolina as a Democrat 
 to fill the vacancy caused by the death of John 
 Branch, and reelected in 1835, serving from De- 
 cendjer 2.S, 1S29, until 1840, when he resigned be- 
 cau.se he could not obey tlie instructions of the 
 general assendily i.if North Carolina; again elected 
 to the State .senate in 1842; defeated as a candidate 
 for the Cnited States Senate by W. IL Ileywood, 
 jr., and withdrew from public life; moved to Mis- 
 souri and then back to North Carolina; died in 
 Caswell County Decembei' 6, 1870. 
 
 Brown, Benjamin, wasaniemljerof theMas.sa- 
 chusetts State legislature 1809, 1811, and 1812; 
 elected a Re|ii-esentative from Massachusetts to 
 the Fourteenth Congre.ss. 
 
 Brown, Charles, was born in Pennsylvania 
 and educated in the pulilic .schools; elected a Rep- 
 resentatixe from Pennsyhania to the Twenty- 
 seventh and Thirtieth Congresses as a Democrat ; 
 appointed collector of customs at Philadelphia; 
 delegate to the Philadelphia Union convention of 
 1861). 
 
 Brown, Charles Elwood, of Cincinnati, Ohio, 
 was l)orn at Cincinnati, of (juaker ]jarentage, July 
 4, 1834; after two years' attendance at (Treenfield 
 Academy entered Miami University, at Oxford, 
 (ihio, from whence he graduated with the class of 
 1854; went South, and while serving a.s tutor at 
 Baton Rouge, La. , read law ; in 1859 returned to Ghio 
 and entered the law practice at Chillicothe; after 
 the war was inaugurated he enlisted as jirivate in 
 Company B, Sixty-third Regiment Ohio Volun- 
 teers, and on Octoljer 23, 1861, commissioned a 
 captain; ijromoted to major for meritorious con- 
 duct 5hirch 12, 1863, and lieutenant-colonel May 
 17, 1863; while recovering from his wi>unil served 
 as ])rovost-iuarshal of the Eignteenth Ohio district; 
 jiromoted to colonel June 6, 1865, and subsefiucntly 
 ijrevetted lirigadier-general " for gallant and mer- 
 itorious conduct in the campaign before Atlanta, 
 Ga. ;" resumed the law practice at Chillicothe, 
 Ohio; in 1872 commissioned l^y President Grant, 
 Cnited States ]iension agent at Cincinnati, which 
 ]iosition beheld until President Hayes's Adminis- 
 tration; elected to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth 
 Congres.ses as a Republican; elected to the State 
 senate on a fusion ticket in 1899. 
 
 Brown, Elias, was born near Baltimore, Md. ; 
 educated in the puljlic schools; mendier of the 
 State legislature for several years; Presidential 
 elector in 1820 on the Monroe ticket, and in 1828 
 on the Adams ticket; elected a Representative from 
 Maryland to the Twenty-first Congress; Presiden- 
 tial elector in 1S36; uieudx-r of the State constitu- 
 tional convention; died near Baltimore July 7, 1857. 
 
 Brown, Ethan Allen, was born at Darien, 
 Conn., July 4, 1776; received a liberal education; 
 
 H. Doc. 45S^ 27 
 
 •studied law under Alexander Hamilton, and 
 moved to Cincinnati in 1.SII4. where he commenced 
 practice; judge of the supreme court of Ohio l.slO- 
 1818; governor of Ohio 1818-1822; resigned on l)e- 
 ing elected United States Senator from (.)hio (to 
 fill vacancy caused by the death of William A. 
 Trimble) as a Democrat, serving from January 15, 
 1822, to March 3, 1825; canal commissioner of 
 Ohio 1825-1830; minister to Bi'azil 18;{0-18.34; 
 Connnissioner of the (4eneral Land Office at Wash- 
 ington from July 24, 1.8:35, to (October 31, 1836; 
 moved to Rising Sun, Ind., November 1, 1836; in 
 1842 member of the In<Uana house of representa- 
 tives; died at Indianapolis, Ind., February 24, 
 1852. 
 
 Brown, Foster Vincent, of Chattanooga, 
 Tenn., was born in White County, Tenn., Decem- 
 Ijer 24, 18.54; graduated from Burritt College, Van 
 Buren County, Tenn., in 1871; attended the law 
 school of Cumberland University, Lebanon, Tenn., 
 and graduated in the summer of 1873; located at 
 Jasjier, Clarion County, Tenn., and commenced 
 the practice of law January 1, 1874; elected 
 attorney-general of the fourth (Chattanooga) ju- 
 dicial district in August, 1886, and held the office 
 for eight years; moved to CHiattanooga in May, 
 1890, and continued the practice of law with Juilge 
 Charles D. Clark; appointed United States district 
 judge in ])lace of Judge D. I\I. Key, retired; dele- 
 gate to the Republican national convention in 
 1884 and voted for James Ct. lilaine for President; 
 elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a Republi- 
 can; resumed the practice of law. 
 
 Brown, George H., was liorn in New Jersey; 
 graduated from Princeton College in 1848; studied 
 law and practicc<l at Somerville, N. J.; member of 
 the State constitutional convention in 1844; elected 
 a Representative from New Jersey to the Thirty- 
 second Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Brown, James (brother of .Tohn Brown), was 
 born near Staunton, Va., September 11, 1766; 
 student at the William and Mary College; studied 
 law and commenced practice at Frankfort, Ky.; 
 in 1791 commanded a company of sharpshooters in 
 an expe<lition against the Indians; secretary to 
 (iovernor Shelby in 1792; soon after the cession of 
 the Louisiana territory moved to New Orleans; 
 aided Living.ston in compiling the codes of laws; 
 secretary of the Territory and sub.sequently United 
 States district attorney; elected United States Sen- 
 ator from Louisiana (to till the vacancy caused by 
 the resignation of J. N. Destrahan), serving from 
 February 5, 1813, to March 3, 1817; defeated for 
 reelection to the Senate by W. C. C. Claiborne, 
 who died before taking his seat; again elected a 
 United States Senator, serving from Decendier 6, 
 1819, until Decendier 10, 182.3, when he resigned; 
 minister to France from December 9, 1823, to July 
 1, 1829; died at Philadelphia, April 7, 1835. 
 
 Brown, James S., was born at Hampton, Me., 
 February 1, 1824; received his education in the 
 ]iublic schools; in 1840 moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, 
 where he studied law; commenced practices at Mil- 
 waukee, Wis., in 1844; prosecuting attorney for 
 Milawukee County in 1846; attorney-general for 
 Wisconsin in 1848; mayor of Malwaukee in 18(>0; 
 elected a Representative from Wisconsin to the 
 Thirty-eiglith Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Brown, Jason Brevoort, of Seymour, Ind., 
 was born at Dillsboio, Ind., February 26, 1839; 
 educated in the common schools, except a short 
 course at the Wilmington Academy in Dearborn 
 County, Ind.; earned his own living when a boy, 
 
US 
 
 CONGKESSIo.NAl. UlKJXTiija', 
 
 hikI ihfii-l'oif liail littlf <iii|Mirtuiiily tn aci|uire an 
 iiliualiiiii; ^tiuliiMl law at Iinlianapnli-i, Iiid., in 
 1S.')S-5!I, and ailniitti'il t>< tin' liar in ISliO, anil to 
 imuiiif in the Su|iivnii' t'ourt nf tlii' I'niteil 
 SlalcM in IStMi; lorated in Jackson Comity, Iml., 
 in IsiiO; I'U'cted to tin- Indiana house of repre- 
 sentatives from .laekson County in ISiy and in 
 ISii-J; eleited to the State senate in IsTO from the 
 i-onnties of .laekson and Hrown, and reelected in 
 ISSO from the counties of .laekson and .lennins^s; 
 elected to the Fifty-lirst, Fifty-second, and 1-ifly- 
 tliird Con).'resses as a J)eniocrat; dieil March U>, 
 
 Brown, Jeremiah, was horn at (ioshen, I'a.. 
 in 17S1'; mendier of the State house of re|iresenta- 
 tives for two years; the tirst associate juilfie elected 
 hy the people; elected a Kejiresentative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Twenty-seventh and Twenty- 
 ei;;hth Congresses as a Whij;; died at ]-ancaster, 
 I'a,, March •>, 1.S4S. 
 
 Brown, John, was horn at Vroviflence, K. I., 
 .lauuary L'7. KiUi; i'nf;aKed in mercantile pursuits; 
 connnanded the ]>arty w hii-h destroyed the British 
 ploop of war dasjiic in Xarras.'ansett Hay and sent 
 in irons to Itoston for trial, hut released thr(in(;li 
 the efforts of his hrother Moses; chosen as a dele- 
 trate from Rhode Island to the Continental Con- 
 ),'ri'ss in 17S4. hut did not serve; treasurerol Itrown 
 I'niversity for forty years; elected a Hepresenta- 
 live from Rhode Island to the Sixth Conj;iess: 
 died at Providence, R. I., Septemher 20. 1803. 
 
 Brown, John (brother of James Brown), was 
 born at Staunton, Va.. Septendier 12, 17.">7; student 
 at Princeton t'olle^'c; inlisted in the Revolutionary 
 Army and servi'd until the clo.ve of the war; com- 
 pli'tiMl his studies at the William ami Mary Col- 
 lc};e, Viivinia; taught school and studied law; 
 commeni'ed practice at Krankfort, Ky., in 1782; 
 electe<l a mendier of the State legislature <if Vir- 
 ginia from the district of Kentucky in 178.'); Dele- 
 gale from the Kentucky district of Virginia to the 
 Continental Congress 1787-88; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from the Kentucky district of Virginia 
 to the First and Second Congresses, serving mitil 
 Novend)er5, 1792, when betook his seat as Cnited 
 States .Senator from the newly adinittecl Slate of 
 Kentucky, and reelected, serving until Man-h .'!, 
 lS(t.i; elected Presiilent pro tem]iore of the Si-nale 
 Oilober 17, 1803, anil .lanuary 23, 1804; he was 
 the first ^leiidier of Congress from tlu' Missis.sippi 
 Valley and the la.st survivor of the Continental 
 Congress when he died at Frankfort, Kv., August 
 27, 1828. 
 
 Brown, John, was elected a Reiiresentative 
 from Marylanil to the Eleventh Conpre.^'S, serving 
 until 181(1, when h<' resigned. 
 
 Brown. John, was horn at l,<'wislown, Pa.; 
 Ii cird a Kepresenlative from I'ennsylvania to the 
 Sivenh.i.uth and I'.iLditeenth Congresses. 
 
 Brown, John Brewer, of Centerville, Mil., was 
 horn May 13, l.H3(i, at Philadeliihia, Pa.; edncated 
 at Centerville Academy, .Maryland, and at I>ickin- 
 son College; read law, and admitted to the bar in 
 18.'i7; eleileil to the State- house of delegates in 
 187(1 and to the Style senate in 1887, serving three 
 terms; elected to the Fifty-.-eiond Congress as a 
 Hemocnit to fill the imexpired term of Ilenrv 
 Page, appointed judge of the first judicial circuit 
 of Maryland; look his seat Decendn'r .">, l,8i)2; re- 
 snmiil the practice of law; died May Hi, 18118. 
 
 Brown, John R., of Martinsville, Va., wa.s 
 iKim in Franklin County, Va., January 14, 1842; 
 
 received aconunon school and academic education; 
 at the agi-of l!l years entereil the Confederate army 
 as a )irivate in Company !•, Twenty-fourth Vir- 
 ginia Volunteers; in 1870 formed a copartnership 
 with his father as manufacturers of tobacco at 
 Shady Crove, and in 1.882 moved to Martinsville; 
 elected mayorof Martinsville in 1884; electedtothe 
 Fiftieth Congre.-s as an Inde|iendent Republican. 
 
 Brown, John W., was born at Dimdee, Scot- 
 land, October 11, 17()(i; in 1802 moved with his 
 father to Newburgh, N. Y.; edncated in the public 
 schools; studied law; aihnitted to the bar in 1818 
 and practiced; (lecled a justice of I he peace in 1820; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Tweuly-thiril and 'I'weuty-fourth Congresses as a 
 llemocral; elected in .November, 184il. a justice of 
 the supremo court for the secoMil judicial district 
 for the State of New York, and reelected in 18.'i7; 
 in 18(14 defeated as the Democratic candidate for 
 judge of the coint of appeals; in 186.5 retiri'd from 
 the bi'nch and resumed practice; an earnest ad- 
 vocate of the war for the suppre.«8ion of the rebel- 
 lion; died at Newburgh, N. Y., September (i, 187.5. 
 
 Browm, John Young, was born in Hardin 
 County, Ky.j.Iune 28, \KMi; in 1.H.V5 graduated from 
 Center College, Danville, Ky.; studied law. and ad- 
 mitted to the bar in 1.8.57; elected a Representative 
 fromKentuikvtotheTbirty-sixth Congress, but by 
 reason of not having attained the age reiiiiired by 
 the Constitution of the I'nited States, did not take 
 his .seat mitil the second session; in 1.8(i0 member 
 of the national Douglas committee; again electtnl 
 to the Fortieth Congress as a Democrat, but the 
 House of Re)iresentatives declared his seat vacant 
 on account of alleged disloyalty of a letter which 
 he had written; reelected to the Fortv-third and 
 Fortv-fourth Congresses; governor of Kentuckv 
 1, Kill -1. 811.5 : located at Louisville, Ky. 
 
 Brown, Joseph E., of Atlanta, <ia., was liorn 
 in Pickens District, S. C., .\pril 1.5, 1821; when 
 a boy his father moved to (ieorgia; educated 
 at the Calhoim Academy, South Carolina; taught 
 school in Canton, (ia.; admitted to the bar in 
 August, 1.845; afterwards graduated from Yale 
 
 College Law Sd I, and retmiud to (ieorgia and 
 
 commenced the ]iracli<e of law in 184(i; in 184it 
 elected to the State senate; Pierce elector in 1.8.52; 
 in 18.55 elected judge of the superior court of the 
 Itlue Ridge circuit; in l.s.55 elected governor by the 
 Deuiocratic party; retdected in 18.5<t; .secessionist 
 in 18(10, and active and energetic as a war governor 
 after the Slate had seceded; in 18(11 again elected 
 governor; in 18(13 again a candidate for governor, 
 and opposed by .loshna Hill, an original rnioii 
 man, and Timolh Furlow, an original ,<ece!N-^ionist; 
 (iovernor Hrown was elected over both by a hand- 
 some majority; during the war liovernor Brown 
 opposed the policy of President Davis on the con- 
 scrijit act, but threw no olislacles in the way of 
 the execution of the law by the Confederate (iov- 
 ernmenl; he simply iliscus,<ed with the I'resident 
 the constitutionality of the measure; after the sur- 
 render be advocated the aci|uiesience in the re- 
 construction measures, and became very impopu- 
 lar on accoimt of Ids reconunendation that the 
 peoiile aci|uie.sce and carry them out in goiMl faith; 
 as the Democratic jiarty opposed the.se inea.sures, 
 as a reconslruclioinsi lie voted fortienend ilrant, 
 who favored them; nominated by the Repidilicans 
 for rnited States Senator during the legislature of 
 1S(18, and defeated; after his defeat for Senator, 
 appoinled by (iovernor B(dlock chief justice of the 
 supreme court of (ieoi-gia, which |>ositiiin he held 
 until DecembtT, 1870, when lie resigned aud ac- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 419 
 
 cppted the i)residenc\- of the Western and Atlantic 
 Railniad Company; when General (tordon re- 
 signed his position in the Senate (Governor Brown 
 was appiiinted to lill the vacancy; afterwards 
 elected over Gen. A. K. Lawton, by over a two- 
 thirds niajoritv of the legislature; reelected in 
 1884, serving from >Iav 26, 1880, until March 3, 
 1891; died in 1H94. 
 
 Brown, Milton, was born in Ghin; moved to 
 Jackson, Tenn., where he held several pulilic offi- 
 ces; elected a Representative from Tennessee to 
 the Twenty-seventh, Twenty-eighth, and Twenty- 
 ninth Congresses. 
 
 Brown, Robert, was elected a Representative 
 from I'ennsyhania to the fifth Congress to fill a 
 vacancy caused by the resignation of Samuel Sit- 
 greaves, and reelected to the Sixth, Seventh, 
 Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, and 
 Thirteenth Congresses. 
 
 Brown, Seth W. , of Lebanon, Ohio, was born 
 January 4, 1843, near Waynesville, Warren County, 
 Ohio; brought U]) nn a farm and educated in the 
 public schools; member of Company H, Seventy- 
 ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry; read law with 
 George R. Sage, and admitted to the bar by the 
 sujireme court in 1873; elected prosecuting attorney 
 for Warren County in 1880 and 1882; elected rep- 
 resentative to the general assembly in 18.83, and 
 to the Fifty-tifth and Fifty-sixth Congresses, as a 
 Republican. 
 
 Brown, Titus, was born in Cheshire County, 
 N. H., in 17S(i; graduated from ISIiddlebury College 
 in 1811; studied law and practiced at F'rancestown, 
 N. H.; member of the State legislature 1820-1825; 
 solicitor of Hillsboro County 1823-1825 and 
 1829-1834; elected a Representative from New 
 Hampshire to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Con- 
 gresses; State senator and president of the senate 
 in 1842; died at Francestown, N. H., January 31, 
 1849. 
 
 Brown, Webster Everett, of Khinelander, 
 Wis., was Ijorn in .Madison County, N. Y., July 16, 
 1851; went with his parents to Wisconsin in 1857, 
 living for a time in Columbia County, then moving 
 to I'ortage County, where he lived on a farm till 17 
 years of age; his elementary education was received 
 in the common schools of Portage County, and 
 afterwards he took preparatory studies at Lawrence 
 University, Appleton, Wis., and a Imsiness course 
 at the Spencerian Busine.ss College, Milwaukee; 
 in 1870 entered the University of Wisconsin, at 
 Madison, and graduateil with the class of 1874; 
 entered the lumber business with his elder brother 
 in 1875 at Stevens Point, Wis., continuing at that 
 point till the fall of 1882, when they took in a 
 younger brother, and the firm transferred their 
 business to Rhinelander; chairman of the town 
 and county boards; also member of the school 
 board, and served two terms as mayor of the city 
 of Rhinelander; elected to the Fifty -seventh and 
 Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Brown, William, was born in Frederick Coun- 
 ty, Va.; received his education in the common 
 schools; moved to Kentucky and located atCyn- 
 thiana, Harrison Coimty; elected a Representative 
 from Kentucky to the Sixteentli Congress by a 
 majority of over 1,000 over B. Tyler. 
 
 Brown, William G., was born in Preston 
 County, \a., September 25, 1801; educated in the 
 public schools; studied law, and commenced prac- 
 tice in 1823 at Kingwood; member of the house 
 ofdelegatesof Virginia in 18.32 an<laL'ain 1840-1843; 
 
 elected a Representative from Virginia to the 
 Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, and re- 
 elected to the Thirtieth Congress; member of the 
 State constitutional cnnventiim of 1850; delegate 
 to the national Democratic conventions of 18(iO at 
 Charleston and Baltimore; member of the Virginia 
 State convention of 1861, opposing secession; again 
 elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress from Vir- 
 ginia as a Unionist, and reelected to the Thirty- 
 eigiith Congress from West Virginia as a Unionist. 
 
 Brown, William J., was born in Kentucky 
 November 22, 1805; in 1821 moved to Indiana; 
 memlier of the State legislatui'e and secretary of 
 state for Indiana; elected a Representative from 
 Indiana to the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Dem- 
 ocrat; Second Assistant Postnia.ster-General, 1845- 
 1849; again elected to the Thirtj'-tirst Congress; 
 editor of tlie Indiana Sentinel and State librarian 
 of Indiana; special agent of the Posf-( )tlice Depart- 
 ment for Indiana and Illinois, died near Indian- 
 apolis, Ind., March 18, 1857. 
 
 Brown, William R. , was born at Buffalo, N. Y., 
 .Inly 16, 1840; in 1862 graduated from I'nion Col- 
 lege, Schenectady, N. Y.; studied law, and in 1864 
 admitted to the bar; elected judge of the ninth 
 judicial district of Kansas in 1867, and reelected 
 in 1872; elected a Representative from Kansas to 
 the Forty-ffiurth Congress as a RepuWican. 
 
 Brown, William Wallace, of Bradford, Pa., 
 was born at Suninerhill, Cavuga County, N. Y., 
 April 22, 1836; educated at Alfred College, Alle- 
 gany County, N. Y.; studied law; admitted to the 
 liar and practiced; enlisted May 16, 1861, in the 
 Twenty-third New York Volunteers for two years; 
 transferred to the First Pennsylvania Rifles Decem- 
 ber 18, 1861, serving his term of enlistment in the 
 ranks; aid-de-camp to Governor Hartranft, ^\ith 
 the rank of colonel; elected recorder of ^IcKean 
 County in 1864; district attorney in 1867; niendjer 
 of the legislatureof Pennsylvania from F>ie County, 
 1872-1876; elected to the Forty-eighth Congress as 
 a Rejiublican; reelected to the Forty-ninth Con- 
 gress; appointed Auditor of the Navv Dejiartment 
 in 1900. 
 
 Browne, George Hunting-ton, was born at 
 (iloucester, R. I., January 6, Is]]; graduated from 
 Brown University in 1S40; studied law and after- 
 wards practiced at Providence; elected a repre- 
 sentative to the so-called "Charter" general as- 
 .sembly of Rhode Island, in 1842, and at the .=ame 
 time elected a representative to what was termed 
 the "Suffrage'' legislature, and attended the lat- 
 ter; again elected to the general assembly of Rhode 
 Island, under the constitution, 1849-18.52; in 1852 
 appointed I'nited States district attorney for Rhode 
 Island and held the office until 1861, when he re- 
 signed; delegate to the Charleston and Baltimore 
 national Democratic conventions on the Douglas 
 ticket in 1860; delegate to the peace i-onference at 
 Washington February 4, 1861 ; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Rhode Island to the Thirty -seventh Con- 
 gress as a Union Democrat, serving from July 4, 
 1861, to March 3, 1863; entered the Union Army as 
 colonel of the Twelfth Rhode Island Volunteers 
 October 13, 1862, and served through the term of 
 enlistment, participating in the battle of Fred- 
 ericksburg December 13, 1862, and in several other 
 skirmishes; State senator in 1872 and 1873; elected 
 by the general assembly in !May, 1874, chief jus- 
 tice of the supreme court of Rhode Island and 
 commi.ssioned, but declined the office. 
 
 Browne, Thomas H. Bayly, was born at Ac- 
 comac, Va., in 1844; attended Hanover and Bloom- 
 
420 
 
 CONUKKSSIONAL IMKKCTORY. 
 
 (iflil uiiiili'inics in Viiviiiia, Icnviii;; tlir lallcr in 
 May, ISiil; vuliintciTi'il as a piivalc in ('<)ni]ian_v 
 I', 'i'liiily-ninlli ltcj.'iMiiMit \'ir>^inia Inl'antry; al'ter- 
 wunls scivimI as a piivalc in Chew's liatlciy of tlic 
 Smart llnisr Aililli'iy ;siirii'n(liT(.'cl with tlic Aiiny 
 of Nurtlii'rn \'ir;:iniaiii Ajiril, IStio; (rradnalcil from 
 the law (U'partnii'nt of the I'liivursily of Vir};inia 
 in ISiiT; was ai'live in the ]iractiii' of hiw; in IST.'S 
 cKH'ti'cl altorncvforthcl'onnnonwi'altliof Anoniac 
 CiiMiity; l'ivsi<kMitial clcitiir on tlic lUaine ticket 
 in ISS4, anil cU'cted to the Fiflielh Con^rvess as a 
 Ui'l>nlilii'an; roi'lectoil to the Fiftv-lirst Congress; 
 (lied An).'ust L'7, 1892. 
 
 Browne, Thomas M., of Winehester, lnd.,\vas 
 horn at New Talis, Ohio, April l!l, ISL'il; moved 
 to Indiana in .lanuary, 1.S44; receiveil n connnon 
 seliool eiliiealion: stndied law at Winehester, and 
 admitted to the liar in 1S41I; elected proseentinjr 
 attorney for the thirteenth jndieial cirenit in IS.'m, 
 and reelected in IS.'i? an<l ISTitl; secrtlary of the 
 State senate in Indiana in ISlil, and represented 
 Randolph Connty in that hmlyin IS(i;i; assisted in 
 oryanizinf; the Seventh \'olnnteer Cavalrv, and 
 went to tile lield with that ri'^rinient as its heuteii- 
 aiit-eolonel, iironioteil to its colonelcy, and sulwe- 
 <inently conimissioned l>y I'resiilent Lincoln hriga- 
 ilier-;;eni'ral liy hrevet; ap|)ointe<l in .\pril, IStii), 
 liiiled States attorney for the ilistrict of Indiana, 
 and ie-i<:ned that ollice Anjiust 1, 1S71'; Kepiih- 
 lican candidate for };overnor of that State in hSTL', 
 and defeated hy Thomas A. Hendricks; elected to 
 the l'nity-lifth,Forty-s<'venth,Korty-ei':hth,l'"orty- 
 ninth. Fiftieth, and Fifty-tirst Conjire-sses as a lie- 
 piiMican. j 
 
 Browning, OrvilleH., was horn in Harrison 
 Connty, Ky., in 1810; received his education at 
 Anj.'nsta College; admitted to i)racti<e law in 18:!1 ; 
 moved to linincy, 111.; served in the Illinois Vol- 
 unteers through the Black Hawk war in IS.'W; 
 memlierof the State senate of HIinois, 1S8I>-1840, 
 andof the State house of representatives. 1841-184:5; 
 one of the founders of the Kepuhlican party and a 
 ilelegale to the national convention at Chicago in 
 18iiO; apjMiintcd a Fnited States Senator from Illi- 
 nois (to (ill the vacancy caused hy the death of 
 Stephen A. l)ougla.s), serving from .Inly 4, 18G1, 
 to .lanuary oO,. 18t>:i; niemlier of the I'nion execu- 
 tive committee in ]8li(i; appointed hy I'resident 
 .hdinson .Secretary of the Interior in .Inly, 1.86(), 
 hut only served from Septeniher 1, 18l)(i, to March 
 :!, 18(i!'; memher of the State eonstitntional con- 
 vention of 1H()9. 1 
 
 Brownlow, Walter Preston, of .loneshoro, 
 Tenn., was horn at Aliingdon, Va.; attended com- 
 mon school for three vi'ars; hecanse of the death 
 of his father earned Ids support from the age of 
 III; served an apprentii'cship at tlu' tinners' trade, 
 and as a locomotive engineiT, wurking at tluve 
 ti-.ules fcir sevenil years; entered the iu'wspaper 
 hnsine.-s as a reporter for the Knox\ ille Whig ami 
 Chronicle (edited hy his \incle, the late lion. Wil- 
 liam <;. Hrowiilow, Inited States Senator) in l87ti; 
 in the same year purchiused the Herald and.Trih- 
 nne, a Ke|>nliliian newspaper puhlished at .loiies- 
 Imiio, iif which he has since iK'en the editor and 
 proprietor; ilelegate from his district to the He- 
 pnhlican national conventions of I8.s(>, 18!lti, and 
 liMHl, anil delegate from the State at large to the 
 national I'onvention of 1884; cliainmin of theeam- 
 puigii committee of his district in !,88tl; elei'ted a 
 memlier of the Kepuhlican State committee in 
 I88'J, and served as such for eight years, two of I 
 which he was its chairman; appointed postmaster ( 
 at Joneshoro in March, 1881, and resigned in l)e- 
 
 cemher toaci-ejit the Hoorkeeperslii]) ol the Hou.se 
 nf Kcpresentatives of the Forty-seventh Congress; 
 elected hy the delegations from his Stati- to the 
 national convenlions as Tennessee's memlier of 
 the Kepuhlican national committee in 1884, 18!t(), 
 and liHK), and unanimously elected chairman of 
 the Kepuhlican State executive committee liv the 
 memhersof that hody for l,S!(,8-«l; elected hy"Con- 
 gress a memher of the iioard of Managers for the 
 National Soldiers' Home for I)isahle<l X'olunteer 
 Soldiers; chosen at a jiriniary election as the 
 nominee for Congress without opjiosition in 1902; 
 elected to the Fift.\ -tilth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty- 
 .«eventli Congresses, and reelected to the Fiftv- 
 eighth Congress as a Protectionist Kepuhlican, ni 
 a district which was represented from 1.S4.'! to 18.i:{ 
 hy the late I'resident Andrew Juhnson a-' a F^ee- 
 Trade Democrat. 
 
 Brownlow. William Ganuaway, was horn in 
 Wythe Connty, \'a.. August L'9. |s(i.'), liis parents 
 leaving him an or|ihan at the age of I'J years; 
 nioveil to .Miingdon when 18 years of age and ap- 
 prenticed himself to a hou.se ear|ientcr and learned 
 the trade; entered the traveling ministry of the 
 .Methodist I-;pi.<co|ial Clinrch; moved to Tennessee 
 in ISL'.K; puhlished and edited a newspaper lalli-il 
 the Whig from I8:19 until 1801; defeated candi- 
 date for Congress in 184:i; apiioiiited hy I'resident 
 Fillmore in i8.">0 a memherof the Tennes.see Kiver 
 Commi.s-iion for the im|provenieiit of navigation; 
 for his loyalty to the Federal (Joverninent he was 
 imprisoned at the lieginningof the war in a fire- 
 less jail where he contracted painful disea.ses; 
 memher of the coustilutional eoiiventiou which 
 reorganized tlie Stale government of Teniies.see; 
 elected governor of Teiine.'^see. w ithoiit opposition, 
 March 4, 180.">, and in .Uigust, l.stiT, reelected; 
 elected a I'nited States Senator from Tennessee as 
 a Kepuhlican in jilace of David T. Patterson. War 
 Democrat, and served from Marcn 4, I8I>!I, to March 
 ;i, 1875; returned to Kiioxville and died April 29. 
 1.877. 
 
 Bro'wnson, Nathan, was horn in (unirgia in 
 174.!; graduated from Yale College in 17H1: stud- 
 ied medicine and afterwards practiced in 1 iln-rty 
 County, (ia.; lueinhcrof the Provincial Congress 
 of 177.t; surgeon ill the Kevolutionary .\rmy: mem- 
 her of the State house of representatives and its 
 speaker in 1781; chosen hy that hody governor of 
 (ieorgia; Delegate from (ieorgia to the Continental 
 Congress in 177t> and 1778; elected to the State 
 house of representatives in 1778, .serving as speaker; 
 elected to the State .^^enate and was its president 
 from 17.S9 to 1791; memherof the Stati- constitu- 
 tional convention in 1789; died in Lilwrty County, 
 (ia., Noveniher (>, 179(>. 
 
 Bruce, Blanche K., of Floreyville, Miss., was 
 horn in Prince FMward County. \a.. Man-h 1, 1841 ; 
 received a limited education; ln-came a planter in 
 Mississippi in l.8()9; memher of the Mississippi 
 levee hoard, and sheriff and tax collector of Boli- 
 var County from 1872 until his election to the 
 I'nited Stales Senate, Fehruaryn, I87.i, as a Kepuh- 
 lican, to succeed Henry K. Pea.se. Kepuhlican, and 
 took his seat March 4, I87.">; served until March ^i, 
 1.X81; died at Wa.-hington, D. C, March 17. 1.898. 
 
 Bruce, Phiueas, was horn .Iunel7, I7l>2; grad- 
 iiati'd from Yale College in 178(i; memlH-rof the 
 Massachusetts legislature in 1792, 179:!, 17911. and 
 l.'^OO; elected a Kepresentative from Ma.ssj\chusetts 
 to the ICighth Congress; had an attack of hyno- 
 i-hondriasis, which ju-evented him from taking liis 
 seal; iK'cauieof unsound mind; died at Uihridge, 
 Mass., OetolKT 4, KSOy. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 421 
 
 Brucker, Ferdinand, of Paginaw, Mich., was 
 born .lamiaiy 8, 185S, at Briilgi'iioit, Sugiiunv 
 County, Mich.; receiveil a connnon wliool educa- 
 tion anil graduated from the law department of 
 the University of Michigan in the clas.s of 1881; 
 lawyer by profession; served as alderman of the 
 city of East Saginaw tw'o years, 18S2-1884; held 
 the office of judge of probate for Saginaw County 
 two terms, 1888-1896, and elected to the Fifty-tifth 
 Congress as a Silver Democrat; after leaving Con- 
 gress resumed the practice of law. 
 
 Brumm, Charles N., of Jlinersville, Pa., was 
 born at Pottsville, Pa., June 9, 1838; received a 
 common school education, with the exception of 
 one year at the Pennsylvania College, Gettysburg, 
 Pa.; served an apprenticeship at the trade of 
 watchmaker; studied law two years in the office 
 of tlie late Howell Fisher, esq.; left studies and en- 
 li.sted as a jirivate under the first call of President 
 Lincoln for three-months men; elected first lieu- 
 tenantCompany I, Fifth Pennsylvania Volunteers; 
 after expiration of term reenlisted Seiitember 15, 
 1861, for three years; elected first lieutenant of 
 Company K, Seventy-sixth Pennsylvania Volun- 
 teers, November 18, 1861; detailed on the staff of 
 General Barton as assistant (juartermaster and aid- 
 de-camp, which position he held under Generals 
 Barton and Pennypacker until the expiration of 
 his term of service; resumed the study of law 
 vnider the late E. O. Parry, and admitted to the 
 bar in 1871; elected to Congress in 1878 to repre- 
 sent the Thirteenth district of Pennsylvania, but 
 was counted out by 192 votes; elected to the Forty- 
 seventh Congress as a Republican Greenbacker; 
 reelected to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, and 
 Fiftieth Congresses; again elected to the Fifty- 
 fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Brundidge, Stephen, jr., of Searcy, Ark., 
 was Ixirn in White Ciiunty, Ark., January 1, 18.57; 
 educated in the private schools of the county; 
 studied law at Searcy witli the firm of Coddy & 
 JIcKae; in 1878 admitted to the bar; in Septem- 
 ber, 1886, elected prosecuting attorney for the first 
 judicial district of Arkansas, and reelected in 1888 
 without opiiosition; since 1890 served a term as 
 member of the Democratic State central committee 
 of Arkan.sas; elected to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, 
 Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Brunner, David B.. of Reading, Pa., was born 
 at Amity, Berks County, Pa., !March 7, 1835; re- 
 ceived a good common school education; learned 
 the .carpenter's trade; taught school 1853-1856, 
 during which time he studied the classics and 
 entereil Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pa., in 1856, 
 and graduated in 1860; opened an academy in his 
 native place, and in 1862 located in thecitv of 
 Reading and taught a classical academy until 1869, 
 when he was elected county superintendent of the 
 public schoi lis of the county, which office he filled 
 mitil 1875; taught private school until 1880, when 
 he opened the Reading Business College, and has 
 since been the iirincipal nf that institution; author 
 of an elementary work cm English granunar and 
 analysis, and a work entitled The Indians of Berks 
 County, Pa.; devoted nmch time to mineralogy 
 and microscopy; elected to the Fifty-first Congress 
 as a Democrat: reelected to the Fifty-second 
 Congress. 
 
 Brush, Henry, was born in Dutchess Cc unity, 
 N. Y., in June. 1778; received a lilieral cducatioli: 
 studied law and afterwards practiced at ( 'hillicothc, 
 Ohio; incived to London, Ohin; grand master of 
 
 Masons in Ohio 1813-1818; elected a Repre.'ienta- 
 tive from Ohio to the Sixteenth Congress; defeated 
 for reelection to the Seventeenth Congress; judge 
 of the supreme court of Ohio; retired to liis farin 
 near London, Ohio, where he <lied January 19, 
 1855. 
 
 Bruyn, Andrew DeWitt, was liorn in the 
 State of New York; received a liberal education; 
 studied law and practiced at Ithaca; held several 
 public oftices there; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Twent_\--fifth Congress as a Dem- 
 ocrat, serving from September 4, 1837, until his 
 death, which occurred at Ithaca, July 27, 1838. 
 
 Bryan, Guy M. , was born in Missomi June 
 12, 1821; received a liberal education; stu<lied law 
 and commenced practice in Texas; took part in 
 the Mexican war; served in the Texas Volunteers 
 on the eastern bank of the Rio Cirande; member 
 of the Texas legislature for seven years; elected a 
 Representative from Texas to the Thirty-fifth 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 _ Bryan, Henry H. , was born in Martin County, 
 N. C. ; received a liberal edncaticm; removed to 
 Tennessee and held several local offices there; 
 elected a Representative from Tennessee to the 
 Sixteenth Congress; reelected to the Seventeenth 
 Congress; died in Montgomerv Count^', Tenn., 
 May 9, 1835. 
 
 Bryan, John H., was born at Newbern, N. C, 
 in 1798; graduated from the Universitj of North 
 Carolina in 1815; studied law and practiced; mem- 
 ber of the State senate of North Carolina 1823-24; 
 elected a Representative from North Carolina to 
 the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses; de- 
 clined reelection and removed to Raleigh. 
 
 Bryan, Joseph, was elected a Representative 
 from (Georgia to the Eighth Congress; reelected to 
 the Ninth Congress, serving from (tctober 17, 
 1803, until his resignation in 1806. 
 
 Bryan, Joseph H., received a liberal educa- 
 tion; elected a Piepresentative from Noi-th Carolina 
 to the Fourteenth ami Fifteenth Congresses. 
 
 Bryan, Nathan, was l.ior'n in Jones Comity, 
 N. C, in 1748; leading member of the Baptist 
 organization in North Carolina; member of the 
 house of commons of North Carolina in 1793 and 
 1794; elected a Repre-sentative fnpui North Caro- 
 lina to the Fourth and Fifth Congres.ses, serving 
 until his death, which occurred at Philadehihia 
 June 4, 1798. 
 
 Bryan, William Jennings, of Lincoln. Nebr., 
 was horn at Salem, Marion County, 111., ilarch 
 19, 1860; attended public school until 15 vears of 
 age, spending vacations on the farm; in the fall of 
 1875 entered Whipple Academy at Jacksonville, 
 III.; entered Illinois College, Jacksonville, in 1877; 
 completed a classical course and graduated with 
 highest honors in 1881; attended l^nion College of 
 Law, Chicago, 111., for two years, during which 
 time he was connecteil with tlie oHic; of ex-Sena- 
 tor Lyman Trumbull; began the jiractice of his 
 profession at Jacksonville; moved to Lincoln, 
 Nebr., October 1, 1887, and became a inemiK'r of 
 the firm of Talbot & Bryan; never held an elec- 
 tive office prior to his election to Congress; elected 
 to the Fifty-second Congress as a Democrat; re- 
 elected to the Fifty-third Congress; candidate for 
 I'resident of the C'nited States^on the Dcuiocrati(! 
 ticket in 1896, receiving 176 electoral voles against 
 271 electoral votes for William McKiulcy the 
 Republican candidate; again the Presidental can- 
 
422 
 
 CONORKSSIUNAL DIRKCTi )KV 
 
 iliilali- uM tlK" Di'inocralii- ticket in 1900, n-ceivinp 
 15") clcctorial vnti's ii^iiin^^t "JifJ electoral voten 
 liir William .McKinley, liis Kepiibliean opponent. 
 
 Bryce, Lloyd S., of New York City, was horn 
 at KUisliiii};, N. Y., Sfplciuher 4. lS.il; atten.led 
 scliools in New York; firadnated from Oxloni 
 Colle^re; ai)|>oiiitiMl payniast(r-;;eneral. State of 
 -New York, IMSti, and elected to tlie Fiftieth I'oii- 
 trress a.s a Denioerat. 
 
 Buchanan, Andrew, was horn at Wayne.sburtr, 
 I'a., circled a lleprcscntative from Pennsylvania 
 to tlicTwcnty-foiirth t'onnress as a Democrat; re- 
 ilcited to the Tweiity-lifth Conjiress. 
 
 Buchanan, Hug'h, of Xewnan, (ia.. was horn 
 at .Vrfiyleshiie, Scotland, Septendier ITi, hSL'S; re- 
 ceived an acailemic e<lucation; admitted to tlie har 
 hi'crmlnT, lS4.'i; elected to the senate of tieor- 
 iria ill IS.Vi, and reelected in 1S.")7: delepite to the 
 national liemocratic convention at Cincinnati in 
 IS."ii>; elect<iron the Hreckinrid^e and Lane ticket 
 in ISdO; enterc<l the Confederate army in .lune, 
 ISIil ; elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress in ISti.i; 
 ilelejiate to the national democratic convention in 
 ISliS; appointed jud^'e of the snperior court .Vu- 
 •rust, IsTL', and resifincd the same on his nomina- 
 tion for Coni;ress in SejitemVicr, 1880: niemlierof 
 the constitutional convention of 1S77; elected to 
 the I'ortv-scventh and Forty-eijrhth Congressef as 
 a HcmocVat; did .lime I'd, isdO. 
 
 Buchanan, James, was horn in Franklin 
 County, I'a., .\pril TA, ITitl; ^rradiiated fn.m Dick- 
 inson Collcirc in ISO!'; studied law; admitted tothc 
 liar in ISIL', and afterwards practiccil at Lancaster. 
 I'a.; elected a Keprcsentative from I'eiinsylvania 
 to the Seventienth Con;;re.ss as a Federalist; snc- 
 le.ssively reelected to the Kijrliteenth, Xineteentli. 
 Twentieth, and Twenty-lirst ConsiresJes, having 
 hei-oine a .lackson Democrat; minister to Knssia 
 is;i2-is;{4; elected I'nited States Senator iis a 
 Democrat in place of William Wilkins, Democrat, 
 ri'sigiied; twice reelcited, and serveil from Decem- 
 her IJ, 1S:;4, until lie ri'signed on March 'i, 184."); 
 Secretary of State vnnler Tresident Polk 184.VI84!!; 
 ndnister to (ireat Britain 18n3-18."ii>; idccte^l Pivs- 
 identof the Cniled States in 1S.")6 as a Democrat, 
 receiving 173 electoral votes against 114 electoral 
 votes fnr,Iolin C. I'remont and 8 electoral votes 
 for Millard Fillmore, and .serving from March 4, 
 IS.")7, to Mar<'h 3, ISlil; n-tired to Wheatland, near 
 Lancaster, Pa., where he died .lune 1, 1SU8. 
 
 Buchanan, Jaro.es, of Trenton, X. .1., was horn 
 at Kingoes, llimtenlon Coimty, N. .1., .lune 17, 
 is:;;i; raised on a farm, and eduoited in pulilic 
 schools ami Clinton .\cademv; studied law at tile 
 .\lliany I'niversity; admitted to i)ractice in 181)4; 
 reailiiig clerk of the Xew Jersey legislature in ISCiii; 
 memhiT of the hoanl of education of Trenton. 
 X..L, 1.S()S-1S71I; presiding judge of Mercer County 
 1,S74-1S7!I; niemiier of the common council of 
 Trenton 18S3-1.S,S."); elected to the Forty-ninth 
 Congres.s ami reelecli'd to the Fiftieth, Fifty-tiivt, 
 anil Fifly-.second Congresses as a Repnhlican; after 
 leaving Congress he resumed the prai'tice of his 
 |irofession at Trenton. X. .1. 
 
 Buchanan, John Alexander, of .\i>ingdon, 
 Va., was horn October 7, 1843; private in the 
 Stonewall Itrigade, Confedenito army; taken pris- 
 oner at < iettyshiirg, .Inly 3. 18(>.3, anil remained in 
 priMiii until Fchniary, l.sii.'S; graduated from Kni- 
 ory and Henry College, I'jnory, Va.. .Iniie, 1870; 
 studied law at the rniversityof Virginia. IS7i>-7l; 
 attorney at law ; inemher of the lioii.se of deleg;iles 
 
 of Yirginia, IS8.5-1887; elected to the Fifty-first 
 Congress as a Deinoi'nit; reelected to the Fifty- 
 second Congrt'ss. 
 
 Bucher, John C, was Ixirn in Pennsvlvania 
 ami educated in the ]>ul)lic schools; stiuried law 
 and afterwards practiced at llarrisliurg; judge of 
 the cirrnit court; elcctid a Keprcsentative from 
 I'eiinsylvania to the Twenty-second Congress; 
 died at llarrishurg, Pa., October 26, 18.51. 
 
 Buck, Alfred E., was horn at Foxcroft, Me.. 
 Fehrnary 7, Is:;l'; graduated from Waterville Col- 
 lege, .Maine, in l.S.")!); principal of the high school 
 at Ix'wislon, Me.; in 1801 entered the I'liioii .\rmy 
 as captain of C'ompany C, Thirteenth Maine In- 
 fantry; appointed lieutenant-colonel of tlieXiiiety- 
 tirst i'nited States Colored Troopsin .\ugust. ls(i"3; 
 transferred and iiiadethe lientenant-<'olonel of the 
 Fiftv-tirst I'nited States Colored Troops in Octo- 
 lier,"l8G4; at thesiegeof Fort Hlakely, .\la., .\pril, 
 18(>.), hrevetted colonel of volunteers for gallant 
 coiKlnct; mustered out of scrviie at Baton Kouge, 
 La., .Tune, 18f)(); in IXiu member of the constitu- 
 tional convention of .Ualiama; in 1807 appointed 
 by tieneral Pope clerk of the circuit court <if Mo- 
 bile Count V, Ala, and eli'cted to the same ollice in 
 1808; Presidential elector in l."<t)8, and elected a 
 Uepre.seiitati\e from .Vlabama to the Forty-lii>t 
 Congress as a Kepublican; died at Tokvo, Japan. 
 December 4, UtOL'. 
 
 Buck, Charles F., of Xew thleans, Iji., was 
 liorii at Durrheim, tirand Diichy of Baden, (ier- 
 maiiy, Xovember .'). 1.841; gi-adnated from the city 
 high .school of NewOrU'ans; elected a Ixepri'.senta- 
 tive from Louisiana to the Fifty-fourth Coiign-sa 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Buck, Daniel (father of Daniel A. A. Buck), 
 
 was an early settler in Vermont and took an ailive 
 part iii .securing its recognition as one of the States 
 of theCnion; prominent lawyer; elect<'d a Keprc- 
 sentative from Vermont to the Fourth Cnni.'ress; 
 .lied 1817. 
 
 Buck, Daniel Azro A. , was l«)rii in \'ermont 
 January 10, 17811; graduated Iiom .M ii Id lebury Col- 
 lege in 1.S07; student at the .Military Acadeiiiy at 
 West Point and commissioned a lienleiiant in the 
 -Vrmy in 1808; resigiie<l in 1811 and studied law; 
 in 1813 raiseil a volunteer company of rangers and 
 served until 181."); commenced the pra<-tice of law 
 at Chelsea, \'t.; member of tin- .state legislature of 
 Vermont forsixteen years, .serving twelve years as 
 speaker of the hon.sc; State attoniey for Oninge 
 Countvforsix years; Presidential elector in isjl; 
 elected a Representative from Vermont to the 
 ICigliteenth Congrcssaud ai:ain elci-ted to theTweii- 
 tieth Congress; clerk in the Indian Kuivau, then 
 connected wilhthe War Departmeiil: diedat Wash- 
 ington, D. ('., December LM, 1841. 
 
 Buck, John R., of Hartford, Conn., was lH)rn 
 at (ilastonbiiry. Conn., De<'eiiiber 0, 1,S3)'>; edu- 
 cated at Wilbraliam (Mass.) .\cailemv and after- 
 wards one year at Wesleyan I'liiversity; studied 
 law; adinitted to the bar in 180L'. and iiracticedat 
 llartfonl; a.ssistant clerk of the Connecticut hini.-e 
 of repn-seiitalives in l."<t)4, clerk in isiw), and clerk 
 of the senate in 1800; pri'sident of the eommnii 
 council of the city of Hartford in l.MJS; city attor- 
 ney in 1S71 and in 1873; trt'iusurerof the county of 
 Hartford l.sO.t-1,'^81 ; niemlK-r of the State .-♦•nate 
 18,St)-Sl; secretary of tlie State Bar .X.ssociation of 
 Connecticut; electisl to the Forty-seventh Con- 
 gn\ss as a Kepublican; reelected to the Forty- 
 ninth Coiigiiss: after leaving Congit-ss resuniiHl 
 the practice of law at Hartford, Conn. 
 
 J 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 •123 
 
 Buckalew, Charles R. , of Bloninpbnrij, Pa., 
 was liorn in Fishing Creek Triwnsliip, C'ulunibia 
 County, Pa., December 28, 1821; achiiitted to the 
 bar in August, 1843, ami settled at Bloomsl>urg, 
 Pa., in 1844; prosecuting attorney for Colmubia 
 County 184.5-1847, wlien he resigned; elected to 
 the State senate in 18-nO and reelecte<l in 1853; 
 commissioner to exchange ratilications of a treaty 
 witli Paraguay in 18.54, serving as such between 
 sessions of the legislature; Presidential elector in 
 1856; cliairman of the Democratic State conunittee 
 in 1857; again elected to tlie State senate in 1857; 
 one of the commissioners to revise the jieiial code 
 of tlie State, both of whicli offices he resigned in 
 1858; appointed minister resident of the United 
 States at the Republic of Ecuador, which otiice lie 
 filled for three vears; elected by the legislature in 
 1863 to the United States Senate; elected to the 
 State senate in 1869 for the fourth time; Demo- 
 cratic candidate for governor in 1872, being de- 
 feated by the popular vote; served in the consti- 
 tutional convention of 1873; in 1876 headed the 
 Democratic State electoral ticket; in 1S86 elected 
 president of the Bloomsburg and Sullivan Rail- 
 road; in 1872 published a volume upon Propor- 
 tional Representation, and in 1883 a work upon 
 the constitution of Pennsylvania, and elected to 
 the Fiftieth Congress as a Democrat; reelected to 
 the Fifty-tirst Congress. 
 
 Buckingham, "William Alfred, was born at 
 Lelmn(]n, Conn., ]May 28, 1804; received his edu- 
 cation in the public schools; .spent his early life on 
 a farm ; entered a store at the age of 20 years, and 
 engaged in the mercantile business for twenty- 
 one vears, and then Isecame a manufacturer; mavor 
 of the city of Norwich 1849, 1850, ]85(!, and 1857; 
 Presidential elector in 1856; governor of Connecti- 
 cut 1858-1866; elected a United States Senator from 
 Connecticut as a Republican to succeed .Tames 
 Dixon, Democrat, and took his seat Jlarch 4, 1869; 
 died at Norwich, Conn., February 5, 1875. 
 
 Buckland, Ralph P., was born at Leyden, 
 Mass., January 20, 1812; his jiarents moved to' ( )hio 
 wliile he was an infant; graduated from Kenvon 
 College, Ohio; studied law. and afterwards settled 
 in Fremont and )3racticed; delegate to the Whig 
 national convention in 1848; State senator 1855- 
 1859; in 1861 entered the Union Army as colonel of 
 the Seventy-second Ohio A'olunteers" and attained 
 the rank of major-general; elected a Representa- 
 tive from (.)hio to the Thirty-ninth Congress as a 
 Republican; reelected to tlie Fortieth Congress; 
 delegate to the Philadeljihia Loyalists convention 
 in 1866; delegate to tlie Pittsburg soldiers' conven- 
 tion and Republican national convention in 1876; 
 president of the board of managers of the Ohio 
 Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphans' Home at Xenia 
 1867-1873; fiovernment director of the Union 
 Pacific Railroad 1877-1880; died at Fremont, Ohio, 
 May 2s, 181)2. 
 
 Buckley, Charles W., was born in Otsego 
 County, K. Y., Feliruary 18, 1835; in 18(50graduated 
 from Beioit College. Wisconsin, and in ]8ti3 from 
 the Union Theological Seminary in Xe w York City ; 
 entered the Union Army Fel)ruarv9, 1864, serving 
 until January 11, 1866, when he was mustered out; 
 -Ailaliama State superintendent of education for the 
 Bureau of Refugees ami Freednien in 1.8(i(5 anil 
 1867; in 1867 member of the convention whicli 
 framed the constitution of .^laliama; elected a 
 Rejiresentative from Alabama to the Fortieth 
 Congress as a Republican, and t<:iok his seat when 
 the State was readmitted; reelected to the Forty- 
 first Congi'ess. 
 
 Buckner, Alexander, was born in Indiana and 
 moved to Missouri in 1818; member of the State 
 constitutional convention in 1820; member of the 
 State house of representatives of Missouri for sev- 
 eral years; elected a United States Senator from 
 Missouri, serving from JMarch 4, 1831, until his 
 death, which occurred at St. Louis, Mo., June 15, 
 1833. 
 
 Buckner, Aylett, was l)orn at Greensburg, 
 Ky.; received his education at the New Athens 
 Seminary; member of the State liouse of repre- 
 sentatives 1842-43; elected a Representative from 
 Kentucky to the Thirtieth Congre.ss as a Whig; 
 defeated for reelection to the Thirty-first Congress. 
 
 Buckner, Aylett Hawes, of Mexico, Mo., was 
 born at Fredericksl>urg, \'a. ; educated at George- 
 town College ami at the University of Virginia; 
 taught school and studied law; emigrated to iNIis- 
 souri in 1837; elected in 1841 clerk of the county 
 proliate court of Pike County; in 1850 moved to 
 St. Louis and practiced his profession; elected 
 attorney for the Bank of the State of ilissoui-i in 
 1852; in 1854 appointed commissioner of puljlic 
 works by Governor Sterling Price; in 1857 elected 
 judge of the third judicial circuit; in 1861 selected 
 by the general assembly of the State as one of the 
 delegates tii the peace congress; elected to the 
 Forty-third, Forty-fourth, Forty-fiftli, Forty-sixth, 
 Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Buckner, Richard A., was born in Fauquier 
 County, Va., July 16, 1763; studied law and prac- 
 ticed at Greensburg, Ky. ; elected a Re]iresenta- 
 tive from Kentucky to the Eighteenth Congress 
 as an anti-Democrat; reelected to the Nineteenth 
 and T\\-entieth Congresses; defeated as the Whig 
 candidate for governor; presidential elector on 
 the Harrison ticket in 1841; circuit judge in 1,845; 
 died at Greensburg, Ky., December 8, 1847. 
 
 Budd, James Herbert, of Stockton, Cal., was 
 born at Janesville, Wis., .\Iay 18, 1851; raised and 
 educated in California, graihiating from the State 
 University; jiracticed law from 1873; member of 
 the law firm of Budd, Surimedis & Scanlan, of 
 Stockton, Cal.; elected to the F'orty-eigiith Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; elected governor of Cali- 
 fornia as a Democrat 1894-1898. 
 
 Buel, Alexander Hamilton, was born at Fair- 
 field, N. Y., July 14, 1801; educated at the Herki- 
 mer County Academy; after his father's death 
 engaged in mercantile work; largely interested in 
 California trade; elected a Rejircsentative from 
 New York to the Thirty-second Congre.ss as a 
 Democrat, serving from Decendier 1, 1851, until 
 his death, which occurred at AVashington, D. C, 
 Januarv 29, 1853. 
 
 Buel, Alexander Wadleigh, was born at Cas- 
 tleton, Vt., in 1813; graduated from .MidiUeburg 
 College in 1830; taught school and studied law; in 
 1834 commenced practice in Detroit, 31ich.; in 
 1836 city attorney of Detroit; member of tlie State 
 legislature of Michigan in 1837 and again in 1847; 
 prosecuting attorney for Wayne County in 1843 
 and 1844; elected a Representative from ^Michigan 
 to the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat ; defeated 
 for reelection to theThirtv-set'ond Congress; died 
 at Detroit, Mich., April 17, 1868. 
 
 Buffinton, James, was born at Fall River, 
 :\Iass., ISIarch 16, 1817: educated at Friends' Col- 
 lege, Providence; studied medicine; went on a 
 whaling voyage, and on liis retui-n engaged in 
 business at Fall River, of which city he was mayor 
 
4'_'4 
 
 CONQRKSSIONAL DIRKCTORY, 
 
 in ISM and 18o5; electoil a Ki'iM-ecentiitive from 
 Miissaclinsctt.-' t" the Tliiity-lMiiitli, Thirty-iiftli, 
 Tliiitv-^ixlli, ami Thirty-tifvciitli Congress's an a 
 l\(|nilili(aM: I'all Uivcr haviiij; licun iiicorporateil 
 in anotluT distriot, he arivi)ti'il a position as hiic- 
 rial ancnt of tlu> Treasury, and later was niaile 
 internal-reveiuie collector; elected to the Forty- 
 tirst, Forty-second, Forty-third, ami I'orfy-fonrtii 
 ( 'onirresses as a Hipnhlican, l)ntdied l)efore talvinj; 
 Ids seat in I lie Fort v-fourth Congress, at Fall Kiver, 
 Mass., Mar.h 7. IST.'v 
 
 Buffington, Joseph, was horn in Pennsylva- 
 nia; receiveil a lilieral I'dncation; studied law and 
 practiced at Kittanuin'.', I'a. ; elected a Kepreseiita- 
 tive from that State to the Twenty-eighth Con- 
 gress as a Whig; reelected to the Twenty-ninth 
 Congress. 
 
 Bufium, Joseph, jr., was horn at Fitchhurp, 
 Mass., Septendier L'.S, 17S4; gra<luated from I'art- 
 niouth College in ISOt!; studied law ami practiced 
 at Westmoreland, X. H.; elected a Representative 
 from New Hampshire to the Sixteenth Congre.<s 
 as a Heuiocrat; renominated Imt declined a reelec- 
 tion; appoiut»'d judge of the court of conunon 
 pleas .lanuary I'l. ISL'.'i; last survivor of the Six- 
 teenth Congress; died at Westmoreland, X. H., 
 Feliniary 24. 1S74. 
 
 Bugg, Robert M. , was born at Lynn vi lie, 
 Tenu.; educated in the inihlic schools; elected a 
 Uepre.sentative from Tennessee to the Thirty-third 
 ( 'ougress. 
 
 Bull, John, was a resident of Charleston, S. C. ; 
 Delegate from that State to the Continental Con- 
 gress 17S4-1787. 
 
 Bull, John, reside<l at Chariton, Mo.; electetl 
 a Kcprescntative from that State to the Twenty- 
 third Congress. 
 
 Bull, Melville, of Middletown, R. I., was born 
 at New|iort, H. I., in lS.i4; prepared for college at 
 I'hilips Academy, Fxeter: graduated from Harvard 
 CollcL'ein 1S77; engaged in farming; representative 
 from .Middletown in State legislature 188:5-1885; 
 senator, lSS.5-l.HStL'; lieutenant-governor, 1892-1894; 
 mendier of Republican State central connnittee; 
 delegate to the Kepublicaii national convention in 
 18SS; w hile in the legislature was chairman of the 
 militia connnittee. on the joint special connnittee 
 to investigate Stale institutions, and chairman of 
 the special connnittee to select, purchase, and tit 
 up permanent i'ami> grounds for the State militia; 
 much interi->led and took an active pari in estab- 
 lishing the naval reserve rnililia of the Slate; one 
 of board of managers of the Rhode Island College 
 of Agriculture and Mechanic Artsaud Kx|ieriment 
 Station; in Xoveinher, 1S!I2, was a candidate for 
 Congress, receiving (i4(1 ]ilurality, but, the laws of 
 Rhoile Islaml re<piiring a majority at that time, 
 was not eleited; elected to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty- 
 lillli. Fifty-sixth, anil Fiftv-seventh Coiigressesasa 
 Republican ; defeateil for tlie Fifty-eighth Congress. 
 
 BuUard, Henry Adams, was born at Ciroton, 
 ^la.-s.. Scpleiulicr 9. 17S1: graduated from Har- 
 vard College in ls(i7; studied law and jiracticed; 
 accompanied (ieneral Tolwilo as mililaiy secretary 
 on a revolutionary ex|H'dition into New Mexico, 
 wliiili was repulsed by the Spanish troops at San 
 Antonio; after many hardships reacheil Natehi- 
 foi'hes, when- he ])nictic<Hl law; elected district 
 judge in 1822; elected a Represt-ntalive from 
 i.,onisiana to itu- Twenty-second Congre.-^s as a 
 Whig, and reelected to the Twenly-third Con- 
 gress, serving from DeeeinlxT 5, 1831, until I8;(4, 
 
 w hen he resigned to become judge of the supreme 
 court of I^iuisiana; remained on the supreme 
 Ih-ucIi until I.S4li, with the exception of a lew 
 months in ls:{il, when he acted as secretary of 
 .state; in 1847 appointed profe.«sor of civil law 
 in the Louisiana I>a\v School and delivered two 
 courses of lectures; in 1850 member of the State 
 house of representatives; elected to the Thirty-first 
 Congress as a Whig ( to fill the vacancy caused by 
 the death of Charles M. Conrad) and .served from 
 liecember 5, 185t), until his death, which occurred 
 at New Orleans, 1^., April 17, 1851. 
 
 Bullock, Archibald (father of William B. 
 Hullock), was born at Charleston, S. C. ; moved 
 toSavaimah; took anaclivi' part in the dilliculties 
 with the I'.ritish (iovernmeut i>rior to the Revolu- 
 tion; liclegate from (icorgia to the Continental 
 Congress 1775; president of the executive council 
 of tieorgia from June 20, 177(), to February 5, 
 1777, when the State government was inaugurated; 
 died at Savannah, (>a., in 1777. 
 
 Bullock, Robert, of Ocala, Fla., was born at 
 tireeiivilU' City, N. ('., Hecember 8, 1828; received 
 a coimnon school education; taught school until 20 
 years of age; elected clerk of the circuit court at 21 
 years of age, and held the olliee three terms, of 
 two years each; comniissioneil in 185() by the gov- 
 ernor as caiitain to raise a mounted company of 
 volmiteers; nnisteied intothc I'nitecl States service 
 for the suppression of Indian hostilities, and served 
 eighteen months, until the cessation of hostilities; 
 commenced the study of law in 185!), and was ad- 
 mitted to the bar; entered upon the practice of the 
 law in ISiil ; in 1S()2 went into the waras lieutenant- 
 colonel of the Seventh Regiment Florida Volun- 
 teers, and remained until the dose of the war; 
 promoted to brigjidier-genei-al in IStU; elected 
 judge of ])robate during .lohnsoii's reconstruction, 
 and appointed judge of coimly iriminal courts by 
 the governor; depo.'^eil by second reconstruction, 
 when he resumed the |ii-actice of the law; Demo- 
 cratic candidate for lieutenant-governor in 1872, 
 and defeated; in 1873 Democratic caucus nominee 
 for United States Senator, and lai'ked one vote of 
 election; withdn'W from the contest in favor of 
 ex-Senator ,loucs; Tildcn elector in 187il; elected 
 to the legislature in 187!': elected cliTk of thi' cir- 
 cuit court, which olliee he held when elected to 
 the Fifly-lirst Congress as a Democrat; reelected 
 to the Fifty-second Congress. 
 
 Bullock, Stephen, wiu-* born in Massachusetts 
 in 17.!l); meudierof the first Stale constitutional 
 convention; member of the .'»late legislature for 
 several years; elected a Reiiresenlative from Mas.^sa- 
 chusetts to the Fifth Congress, serving from May 
 15, 17!I7, to March 3, 17!i!l; judge of the court of 
 common jileas for Bri.-itol County, State senator, 
 and an executive couiu'ilor; die<l in Ma.-sachusetts 
 in ISKi. 
 
 Bullock, William B. (son of Archibald Bul- 
 lock), was born in (ieorgia in 177(>; received a 
 liberal eilueation; snalieii law and commence*! 
 practice at Savannah in 1797: mayor of Savannah 
 ni 1809. and colleilor of customs at that port; dur- 
 ing the war of 1812 .•'erve<l in Ihe Savannah Heavy 
 Artillery; ap|Hiiiile<l by Ihe governor rnited Slates 
 Senator from (ieorgia (to till the vacancy cause<l 
 by the resignation of William H. Crawford), and 
 served from May 24, 1813, unlil December ti, 1S13, 
 when W. Wvatt Bibb, who had U'cn elected as 
 Mr. Crawford's successor, took his seat; one of the 
 founders of the Slate Bank of tieorgia, anil its 
 l>resident 181(5-1843; diecl at Savannah, Cia., May 
 (i, 18.52. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 425 
 
 Bunch, Samuel, was born in 1786; educated 
 in the public schools; served in the Creek war 
 as captain of a company of mounted riflemen 
 under General Jackson, and distinguished himself 
 in the attack on Hillibeetown November IS, 1813; 
 elected a Representative from Tennessee to the 
 Twentv-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses as 
 a AVhig; died at Rutledge, Tenn., September 5, 
 1849. 
 
 Bundy, Hezekiah Sanford, of Wellston, Ohio, 
 was born at ;\Iarietta, Ohio, August lo, 1817; his 
 parents moved two years afterwards to a farm in 
 Athens County, Ohio, where he was left an orphan 
 at tlie age of 15, having only received the rudi- 
 ments of an English education; entering into 
 business as a clerk in a store, he commenced the 
 purchase of land, and became a prosperous farmer; 
 studied lawat home, and wasadmitted to thebarin 
 18o0; for more than ten years engaged in the active 
 practice of his profession, after which he engaged 
 in the iron business, and became the owner of the 
 Latrobe, Keystone, and Eliza furnaces, which he 
 subsequently lost by bu.^ness reverses; resumed 
 the practice of law at Wellston in 1887; elected to 
 the State house of representatives in 1S4S and 1850, 
 and elected to the Ohio State senate in 1855; Presi- 
 dential elector for the Eleventh Congressional dis- 
 trict in 1860, and cast his vote in the electoral 
 college for Abraham Lincoln; elected a mend)erof 
 the Thirty-ninth Congress, as a Repul>lican, from 
 the Eleventh Ohio district; declined a nomination 
 to the Fortieth Congress, but was again elected to 
 the Forty-third Congress, and served bis term; 
 elected to the Fifty-third Congress, as a Repub- 
 lican, to fill out the unexpired term of the late 
 William H. Enochs; took his seat December 8, 
 1895; died December 12, 1895. 
 
 Bundy, Solomon, was born at Oxfonl, Che- 
 nango County, N. Y., May 22, 182.'5; educated at 
 Oxford Academy; taught school for several years 
 and studied law; in 1859 admitted to the bar and 
 connnenced practice at Oxford; district attorney 
 of Chenango County 1862-1865; elected to the 
 Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Bunn, Benjamin H. , of Rock^^llount, N. C, 
 was born near Rockymount, Xash County, N. C, 
 October 14, 1844; owing to the civil war received 
 only an academic education; at the age of 16 he 
 enlisted in the Confederate army; commanded 
 Fourth Company Sharpshooters, JIacRae's brig- 
 ade. Army of Northern Virginia; twice wounded; 
 read law and licensed to practice in 1867; member 
 of the State constitutional convention in 1875; dele- 
 gate to the national Democratic convention in 
 1880; member of the State legislature in 1883 and 
 chairman of the committee on code; Presidential 
 elector in 1884, and voted for Cleveland and 
 Henilricks; elected to the Fifty-first Congress as a 
 Democrat; reelecterl to the Fifty-second and Fifty- 
 third Congresses; postmasterat Rockymount, X. C., 
 under Cleveland's Administration. 
 
 Bunnell, Frank C, of Tunkhannock, Pa., was 
 born in Washington Township, Luzerne County, 
 Pa., ^[arch 19, 1842; received an academic educa- 
 tion; left Wyoming Sennnary to enlist as private 
 in Company B, Fifty-secimd Penns> Ivania Volun- 
 teers, in September, 1861; promoted and served as 
 quartermaster-sergeant of his regiment during the 
 Peninsular campaign under General JlcClellan; 
 discliarged April 2, 1863, on a surgeon's certificate 
 of disability; engaged in mercantile pursuits 1864- 
 1869, and principally engaged in farnnng and 
 banking; elected to the Forty-second Congress in 
 1872 to serve out the unexjiireil term of Hon. 
 
 Ulysses Mercur, resigned; member of the board 
 of education 1882-1885; appointed by Governor 
 Hoyt a member of the bi-Centennial Association 
 of Pennsylvania in 1882: elected burgess and 
 borough treasurerof Tunkhannock in 1884; elected 
 to the Forty-ninth Congress as a Republican; 
 reelected to the Fiftieth Congress. 
 
 Bunner, Rudolph, was born in 1779; gradu- 
 ateil from Columbia College; studied law and com- 
 menced practice at Oswego, N. Y.; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from that State to tlie Twentieth Con- 
 gress as an Adams Democrat; died at Oswego, 
 N. Y., July 23, 1837. 
 
 Bunting, Thomas L., of Hamburg, X. Y., was 
 born at the t(_iwn of Eden, Niagara County, N. Y., 
 in 1844; educated in the common schools and at 
 Springville Academy; taught school winters and 
 attended the academy during tlie sunnner months; 
 was prevented from entering college liy impaired 
 health ; entered a store at Handsurg in the posi- 
 tion of clerk, and after a few years' clerkship 
 commenced business for himself, and engaged 
 extensively in merchandising; president of the 
 New York Packers' Association, and State presi- 
 dent of the National Packers' Association; presi- 
 dent of the Hamburg ^\'ater and Electric Light 
 Company, and Investment and Improvement 
 Comjiany; vice-president of the Bank of Hamburg, 
 anil manager of the Handiurg Canning Company; 
 also interested in farming, dairying, and stock 
 raising; one of the city and county hall coumiis- 
 sioners; member of the Erie County Farmers' 
 Institute, and represented that body before the 
 Committee on Agriculture of the House of Repre- 
 sentatives on the subject of Ijogus butter; elected 
 to the Fifty-second Congress as a Democrat; died 
 at Buffalo, N. Y., December 27, 1898. 
 
 Burch, John Chilton, was born in Boone 
 County, yiiK, February 1, 1826; received his edu- 
 cation at Bonne Fenime Academy and Kemiier 
 College; practically engaged as a mason on the 
 construction of several public buildings to defray 
 the expenses of his education; studied law at Jef- 
 ferson City; deputy county clerk of Cole County 
 in 1855-56, and assistant ailjutant-general of Mis- 
 souri; assistant enrolling clerk of the State senate 
 of Missouri in 1857; military secretary to (iovernor 
 .John C. Edwards, in which capacity lie assisted in 
 organizing Doniplian's regiment, which conquered 
 New Mexico, and Powell's Oregon battalion; 
 moved to California in 1850 and workeii in the 
 mines until 1851, when the region in which hewas 
 at work was organized as Trinity County and he 
 was elected county clerk; elected district attorney 
 in 1853; member of the State hiiuse of rejiresenta- 
 tives in 1856, and of the State senate 1S57-1859; 
 elected a Representative from California to the 
 Thirty-sixth Congress as a Lecompton Democrat; 
 resumed the practice of law at San Francisco; ai>- 
 pointed by (.iovernor Haight a I'ode commissioner 
 and served four years; declined to be a candidate 
 for supreme judge of the State. 
 
 Burchard, Horatio C. , was born at Marshall, 
 (tneida County, N. Y., September 22, 1825; gradu- 
 ated from Hamilton College, New York, in 1850; 
 studied and practiced law; engaged in tlie mercan- 
 tile business; school commi.«sioner of Stephenson 
 County, 111., 1857-1860; member of the legislature 
 of the State of Illirois J863-1866; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Illinois to the Forty-first Congress 
 as a Repu)ilican to fill the vacancy caused by 
 the resignation of E. B. Washburne; reelected to 
 the Forty-second, Forty-third, Forty-fourth, an'l 
 Fortv-fifth (-'ongresses. 
 
4'Jt; 
 
 rONGRKSSIONAL DIKKt'TORY, 
 
 Burchard, Samuel D., wiif liinn at lA-yilvii, 
 N. Y., July 17, is;5t>; nioveil with his father to 
 WisiMiisiii hi lS4n; ivciMvi'd a Uhcral oihication, 
 (•iiiniili'tinj; it at Maihson I'liivcrsity, llaniiltnii, 
 N. ^ .; iiiainilai tunr iif wmilfn pmils; I'lilcii'il the 
 I'uiiin Army as a heiiteiiaiit in the Mi^<Sll^lri luih- 
 tia; ap|>oiiiteil assistant iniarteriiiasti'r uf V. S. 
 \"<ihinteers, with the rank nt' captain: statioiieil at 
 New York, wlicrc he had eliarjre of the inireliase 
 of forafie for the forces on tlie Atlantic coast, and 
 mustered ont witli the rank of major; elected to 
 tlie State senate of A\isconsin in 1S7"_'; elected a 
 Reiire.«eiitativc from Wisconsin to the l"orty-fourth 
 (.'oiifrress as a Democrat. 
 
 Burd, George, was iKirn in 17!Mi; resideil a* 
 Bedford, I'a.: eWctcd a Keiiresi'iitative from Penn- 
 sylvania to the Twenty-second and Twenty-third 
 Conjiresses; died at Bedford, I'a., January 13, 
 1,*<44. 
 
 Burdett, Samuel S., was born in Leicester- 
 shire, Kntrland. Felirnary 21, ls;W; at the ajre of 
 12 emigrated to the Initcil .'^tates; educated at 
 Oherliii, Ohio; stnilicd law, and in 1S")S com- 
 menced practiie in Dewitt, Iowa; entered the 
 I'nion Army as a private in May, l.StH, ami served 
 until .Vu^ust. lSti4; I'residential elector in l.sii4: 
 moved to ^Iis.souri in I)ecenil>er, 1S()4; appointed 
 circuit attorney in l.Stili; chosen a delejiate fmm 
 Missouri to the Chicago I'residential convention of 
 lSt!,'<; elected a Keiireseiitative fn>m ^Iis,Miuri to 
 the Korty-lirst ( 'onjiress as a Radical Kepulilican: 
 reelected to the Forty-second Congress. 
 
 Burdick, Theodore Weld, wa.s horn at Evans- 
 hurf;, (.'rawloni County, I'a.. October 7. \S:W; re- 
 ceived a lilii'ral education; moved with his par- 
 ents to I'ecorah, Iowa, in IS.'i:!; apjiointed depvily 
 treasurer and rei'order of Wimieshiek Comity in 
 l.'v>4, ami oi'cu|)ieil tho.se i>ositions luitil lS.i7, when 
 he was elected treasmer and rei'order, and twice 
 reelected, serving until 1S(>2, when he rcsi;;ned to 
 recruit a company for the I'nion Army; connnis- 
 sioned cai>tain and a.-^signeil to the.'^ixtli Uctriment 
 Iowa Volunteer Cavalry, in which he .-erved for 
 three years in the l>epartiuent of the Northwest; 
 in l.Mi.'i, after the rejiiment was nmstercil out, he 
 returiu'd to I)ecorah and was cho.sen cashier of tlu' 
 First National Bank there; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Iowa to the Forly-liflh Coiiure.ss as a 
 Repulilican. 
 
 Burges, Dempsey, was liorn in Camilen County, 
 N. C.; took an active part in the Revoluti<inary 
 war: lieutenant-colonel of (irejrory's Continental 
 Kejiiinent: elected a Re]>resentative from North 
 Carolina to the Fourth Con-.'re.ss anil reelected to 
 the Fifth Congress, servinjrfrom Decendier 7. 17!i."i, 
 to July Hi. ]7'.>K 
 
 Burges, Tristam, was hornat Rochester, Mas^., 
 
 February 2i>. 1770; spent his early life on a farm 
 and received but a limited eilucation; later, l>v his 
 own industry aii'l savin;:s, entered Hrown I'niver- 
 cily, firaduaiiiif; in I7!it>; studied law, aihnitted to 
 the bar in 17!tii, and afterwanls pnictici'il at I'rovi- 
 denee, R. I.; member of the State legislature of 
 Rhode Island in b^ll: chief justice of Khodclsland 
 in ISb'i; ]>rofes.<or of oratory anil belhs-letlres in 
 Brown I'liiversitv 1S1.V1.S2.">; elected a Kepresi-n- 
 tative from lUioile Island to the Ninetetiith t'on- 
 press us a FciU'rali.>it. and n'electid to the Twen- 
 tieth, Tweiity-tirst, Twentv-.s<'<-ond, and Twenty- 
 third Con;.'re,sses: ilefeate<l for reelection to the 
 Twenty-fourth Con;;ri'ss; defeated as the Whijr 
 c-andidate for (lovernor in ISIili; resumeil the prac- 
 tice of law; die<l at rrovidence, R. I., October bt, 
 lS.i3. 
 
 Burgess, George Farmer, f>i Cionzales, Tex., 
 wa.s born in AVharton County, Tex., SeptemlHT 21, 
 IKlil ; educated iti the common schools,and studii-<l 
 law, lieinj; admitted to the bar at l^cran^re, Tex., 
 DecemlKT. I.SS2: county attorney of <oin/ale8 
 County, l.ssi>-l.\s!i, ami I'resiilential elector forthe 
 Tenth'district in bsirj; elected to the Fifty-seventh 
 ami Fifty-eij.'hth CoUfiresses as a democrat. 
 
 Burk, Henry, of Philadelphia, Pa., was horn 
 at Wnrtteudier}!, (iermany, Seiiteniber 2ti, IS.'iO; 
 attended publii' schools about three years; entrageil 
 in the mamifacturin^ business; elected to the 
 Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eiplith Couj^resses as a 
 Republican. 
 
 Burke, Aedanus, was born at ( iaiway, Ireland, 
 June Hi, 174.'!; rec-eived a theological education at 
 the college at St. ( )mer, in France; visited the West 
 Indies ami came to Charleston, S. C, and enlisted 
 in the Revolutionary army: relin<|iiishing the 
 church, he commenced the ]ii-actice of law; ap- 
 l)ointed a judge of the Stat- sujireme court in 1778; 
 served again in the Ivevolutioiiary army 17S0-1782; 
 afterwards resuming his seal on the bench: elected 
 a Re|iri'.sentative from South Carolina to the First 
 Congress as a Democrat, serving from March 4, 
 17S9, until 17!M, when he resigned, the South Caro- 
 lina legislature having pas.sed a law prohibiting 
 any State judge from leaving the Stall': menilxT 
 for several years of the State legislature, an<l 
 became State chancellor a short time before liis 
 death; died at Charleston, S. C, March ;?0, 1802. 
 
 Burke, Edmund, was born at Westminster, 
 Vt., January 2S, KSO'.t; received a jirivate educa- 
 tion; studied law and afterwanl(f practiced at New- 
 port. N. II., beginning in bs:i:i; established the 
 New Hampshire Ai'gus and edited it for several 
 years; commissioned as adjutant in the militia in 
 1S.>7 and as brigade inspector ill ls:!S; elected a 
 Rejirt'.sentative from New Hampshire to the Twen- 
 ty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, and reelected 
 to the Twenty-seventh and Twenty-eighth C'on- 
 gi-esses; appointeil Commissioner of Patents by 
 President Polk, and .served from May "i, lH4t!, un- 
 til Septt'udier ;i, IS."iO: resumed the pra'-tice of law 
 at Newjiort. N. 11.. having also an oHiee at Boston. 
 
 Burke, Charl?E Henry, of Pierre, Hughes 
 County, S. Dak., was born on a farm in (iene.-«e 
 County, N. Y., April 1, isiil ; educated in the i)ublic 
 schools of Batavia, N. Y.: removed to Dakota Ter- 
 ritory in lsS2anil settled upon a homestead; read 
 law and admitted to the bar in issii, but never en- 
 gaged actively in the practice of law, having had 
 charge of the affairs of a large loan company, and 
 Ix-ing generally engaged in the real estate business; 
 elected to the legislatuiv in 1S!I4, and reelected in 
 189ii: elected to tlie Fifty-sixth Congress; reeliH-ti-d 
 to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congnvses 
 as a Re|)ubliian. 
 
 Burke, Robert Emmet, of Dallas, Tex.. wa« 
 born in Tallapoosa County, Ala.. August 1, 1.S47; 
 volunteered as a private in Company D, Tenth 
 tteorgia Cavalry, at the iwsv <<i Hi and .served until 
 close of the war: moved to Texas in l.Slii! and 
 located at .lefferson; admitted to the bar in Noveni- 
 1hm\ 1S70: located at his pix'sent home in 1871; 
 elected county judge in 1S7.S, serving three con- 
 .secutive terms; electeil district judge in 1SS8 and 
 in 1S!I2; eleete<l to the Fifty-tifth Coligresti as a 
 !>emoi nit: reelected to the Fifty-sixth and Fifty- 
 seventh Congri'sst'.s; dieil at Dallas, Tex., June '■>, 
 ItiOI. 
 
 Burke, Thomas, was JHirn at (iaiway. Ireland, 
 alMuit 1747: n'ceiviil a liberal ediu-ation: studied 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 427 
 
 medicine, and in 1764 went to Acconiae County, 
 Va., and commenced practice; studied law, and 
 moved to X(irfolk, where he jiracticed; moved 
 to Hilbboro, X. C, in 1774; delejiate to the State 
 conventions at New Berne and Hillsboro in 1775; 
 and at llahfax in 1776; delegate to the Continen- 
 tal Congresri from North Carolina from Dccenilier. 
 1776, to July. 1781, when he was elected the first 
 governor of Xorth Carolina under its State consti- 
 tution: kidnapped Septeuiber 13, 17S1, by the 
 Tories and carried to Charleston, S. C, where he 
 was held as a hostage; succeeded in escaping, and 
 having been exchanged he resumed his duties as 
 governor in April, 17S2; defeated for reelection the 
 following December bv Alexander Martin; died at 
 Hillsbor.i. X. ('., December 2, 17S3. 
 
 Burkett, Elmer Jacob, of Lincoln, Xebr., was 
 born in Mills County, Iowa, on a farm, December 1, 
 1867; attended public school and afterwards Tabor 
 College, at Tabor, Iowa, from which institution he 
 graduated in June, 1890; upon his graduation 
 elected ])rincipal of schools at Leigh, Xelir., which 
 position he held two years, when he entered the 
 State University of X'ebraska fur a law c<;iurse; 
 receiveii from tliis institution the degrees of LI>. B. 
 in 1893 and T,L. :M. in 1895; admitted to the bar 
 at Lincoln in June, 1893; elected trusteeof his alma 
 mater, Talior College, in 1895; elected a meml:)ei 
 of the State legislature in 1896; elected tn the Fifty- 
 sixth and Fifty-seventh Congresses, and reelected 
 to the Fifty-eighth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Burleigh, Edwin C, of .\ugusta,!Me., wasliorn 
 at Linneus, Aroostook County; Me., X'ovember 27, 
 1843; educated in the common schools of his native 
 town and at Houlton Academy; for many years 
 largely interested in the timber lands of his State; 
 enlisted in the cavalry during the rebellion, and. 
 being rejected by theexamining surgeon on account 
 of ill health, was given a place in the Adjutant- 
 Cieneral's tJtiice, where he served till the close of 
 the war; State land agent 1876-1878, and also 
 served daring the same years as assistant clerk of 
 the Maine house of representatives; elected treas- 
 urer of State in 1885; reelected in 1887, and in the 
 same year acquired a controlling interest in the 
 Kennebec Journal, pul)lisheil at Augusta; resigned 
 the otfice of treasurer in 18S8, having received the 
 Reiiublican nomination for governor; governor of 
 ISIaine 1889-1892; delegate to the national Repub- 
 lican convention at St. Louis in 1896; elected to 
 the Fifty-fifth Congress at a special election held 
 June 21, 1897, to fill the vacancy caused by the 
 death of Hon, .'^eth L. Milliken; reelected to the 
 Fifty-sixth. Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Con- 
 gresses as a ReiHiblican, 
 
 Burleigh, Henry G., of Whitehall, X. Y,, was 
 born at Canaan, X. IL, June 2, 1832; received a 
 connnon-school education; engaged in business 
 connected with luud)er, coal, mining iron ore, 
 and transportation; supervisor of the town of 
 Ticonderoga, Kssex County, X, Y,, for several 
 years; member of theassend)ly from Essex County 
 in 1876 and chairman (.>f the conmnttee on canals: 
 member of the assembl\- from Washington County, 
 and elected to the Forty-eighthCongress; reelected 
 to the Forty-ninth Congress. 
 
 Burleigh, John H. (son ol William Burleigh V 
 was born at Snuth Berwick. Me., October 9, 1822; 
 received a lil)eral education; at the age of 16 went 
 to sea and conunanded a ship on foreign voyages 
 seven years; left the sea in 18.53 and engaged in 
 manufacturing; member of the Maine State house 
 of representatives in 1862. 1864, 1866, and 1872; 
 
 for twelve years jiresident of a State and national 
 bank, also of a savings bank ; delegate at large to 
 the national Republican convention at Baltimore 
 in 1864: elected a Representative from Elaine to 
 the Forty-third Ci mgressasa Rei^ulilican ; reelected 
 to the Forty -fourth Congress; died at South Ber- 
 wick. Me.. Decendjer 6. 1877. 
 
 Burleigh Walter A., was elected a Delegate 
 from Dakota to the Thirty-ninth Congress as an 
 Independent candidate; reelecteil to the Fortieth 
 Congress; defeated for reelection to the Forty-first 
 and Forty-second Congresses: died in 1896. 
 
 Burleigh, William (father of .John H. Bur- 
 leigh), was born at liockingham, X. H; received 
 a liberal education: studied law, and afterwards 
 practiced at South Berwick, Jle. ; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Elaine to the Eighteenth Con- 
 gress on the fourth trial a,s a John Quincy Adams 
 Democrat; I'eelecteil to the X'ineteenth Congress; 
 died at South Berwick, Me., in July, 1827. 
 
 Burleson, Albert Sidney, of Austin, Tex., 
 was burn .lune 7, 1863, at San .Marcos, Tex.; edu- 
 cated at Agricultural and .Alechanical College of 
 Texas, Baylor University, of Waco, and Univer- 
 sity of Texas; admitted to the l)ar in 1884; assist- 
 ant city attorney of Austin 1S8.5-1.890; appointed 
 by the governor of Texas attorney of the twenty- 
 si-xth judicial district in 1891; elected (o sai<l office 
 1892, 1894, and 1896; elected to the Fifty-sixth 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the Fifty- 
 seventh Congress. 
 
 Burlingame, Anson, was born at Xew Berlin, 
 X. Y., November 14, 1822; removed with his 
 parents to Seneca County, Ohio, in 1823, and 
 afterwards to Michigan; graduated from Harvard 
 Collegein 1.S46; studied law, and commenced prac- 
 tice in Boston; meudier of the State senate in 1.8-52, 
 and of the ilassachusetts constitutional conven- 
 tion in 1853; electe<l a Representative from 3Ias- 
 sachusetts to the Thirty-fourth Congress as au 
 American; reelected to the Thirty-fifth Congress 
 as an American, and to the Thirty-sixth Congress 
 as an American and Repulilican; defeated for 
 reelection to the Thirty-seventh Congress; a|> 
 pointed minister to Austria March 22, 1861, but 
 was not accepted by the Austrian Government; 
 minister to China June 14, 1.S61, to Xovember 21, 
 1867; appointed December!, 1867, by the Chinese 
 Crovernment its andaassador to negotiate treaties 
 1 with foreign powers: died at St. Petersburg, Kus- 
 .sia, February 23, 1873. 
 
 Burnell, Barker, was born at Xantucket, 
 Mass., in 1798; memlicr of the State house of 
 representatives in 1819. and of the State senate 
 1824-25; member of the Massachusetts constitu- 
 tional convention: delegate to the national AVhig 
 convention at Ilarrisburg in 1840; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Massachusetts as a Whig to the 
 Twenty-seventh Congress, and reelected to the 
 Twentv-eighth Congress; died at Washinston, 
 D. C, June 4, 1843. 
 
 Burnell, Frank C, was born in Wyoming 
 County. Pa., March 9, la42; received a liberal 
 education; jirivate in the Fifty-second Pennsyl- 
 vania Volunteers: after serving through the Pen- 
 insular camjiaign was discharged April 2, 1863. on 
 account of disabilities; employed in mercantile 
 pursuits lS(i4-i8r)9; engagecl in banking: elected 
 a Reiiresentative from Pennsylvania to the Forty- 
 second Congress (to fill a vacancy causer! by the 
 resignation of U. Mercur) as a Republican, "serv- 
 ing from January 7, 1873, to March 3, 1873. 
 
4'_>S 
 
 CONORESSIoNAl. DI UK(T< iKY. 
 
 Burnet, Jacob, was horn at Newark, N. .1.. 
 K('l)riiarv I'L', 177l); f;railnate>l fnnn I'rinci-tiin 
 (.'iillcKC 111 1"!'I: HtiuliiMl law; ailmittrd to tin' liar 
 ill 17!l(), ami afterwards i>ra<-liivil at (iiuimiati, 
 *>liio; iiK'iiilicr of till' Territorial councils of ( thio 
 179!l-l,S(ll.'; .U'|iiily ^'i-and master of Kn-e Masons 
 lSOS-lSi;i; ineiiilH'r of the Stale house of repR'- 
 si'iitatives in ISli'; jmlfje of the supreme court of 
 Ohio 1S21-1S2S; electetl a I'liited States Senator 
 from Ohio to till the vacancy caused liy the resig- 
 nation of W. II. Harrison, and served from IV'- 
 cember 2!». 1S2.S, to March :i. 1S:{1; menilier of the 
 cnnimission apiioiiitiil in ISSl l>y tlie States of 
 Virjiiniaand Kentucky to st'ltle their controversy 
 on the statute of liuiitation ]iasseil Ivy Kentucky; 
 inemherof the prominent lileniryand astronoiuical 
 association of southern (Mii... and of the Kreiich 
 .\cadeiny; died at Ciiiciniiati, Ohio, Ajiril :^7, is.5:i. 
 
 Burnett, E., of Southlioro, Mass., was horn at 
 r.oslon, Mass., March Itl. 1S4!'; ^rniduated from 
 Harvard ('ollef.'e in 1S71; married the onlv child 
 of .lames Russell Lowell in 1S7-, ami elected to the 
 riftielh Conjjre.ss as a Ileiiiocrat. 
 
 Burnett, Henry C. , was horn in Essex County, 
 Va., Oitolver .'i, 1S2."): receiveil a lilieral education; 
 studied law and practiced at t'adiz, Ky.; clerk of 
 the TrifTg County circuit court l.S.Tl-lSn:>; elected 
 a Heni-esentative from Kentucky to the Thirty- 
 fourth Conttress as a Uemmrat; reelected to the 
 Thirty-tifth, Thirty-sixth, and Thirty-seventh Con- 
 (•re.s.-ies, hut was expelleil Decemher 3, ISiil; iiad 
 heeii president of the Kentucky Southern confer- 
 ence which uu't at Kusscllville, Octoher 2!i, l.stil, 
 and called a sovereisnty convention, of which he 
 was also president, which met at Riissellville Xo- 
 vemher !."<, i>a.ssin!r an onlinance of secession and 
 onraiiizinsr a State <.'overnment; Representative 
 from Kentuckv to the Provisional Confedemte 
 Congress, servinu from Xovember l.S, IStil, to 
 Fehruary 17, ISt;2; .Senator from Kentucky to the 
 First and .'secoml Confedenit*' Coiijjre.sses, serving 
 from Fehniary 19, ISrt'J, to Feliruary l.S, 18I).t; 
 ilieil near Ilopkinton. Ky., h'^Oti. 
 
 Burnett, John Lawson, of (.iadsden, Ktowah 
 County, .\la., was horn at Ceitarhluff, Cherokee 
 County, Ala., ,lanuary L't), 1S.">4; educated in the 
 common si'hools of the county, at the Wesleyan 
 Institute, Cavesprinj;, (Ja., and (iaylesville Ilijili 
 School, (iaylesville. Ala.; elected to the lower 
 house of the .\lahania legislature in 1SH4, ami to 
 the State senate in l.ssii; elei-teil to the Fifty-.sixth 
 Congress as a Pcmocral; reelecte<l to the Fifty- 
 seventh and Fifty-eighth Coiigresse;^. 
 
 Burnett, William, was Imihi at Xewark, N. .T.; 
 graduate) I from Princeton College in 174(1; Helegate 
 from New Jersey to the Continental Congress, serv- 
 ing from Decemher 11, 17S0, to April 1, 17S1; died at 
 Xewark, N. ,1., in 1791. 
 
 Burnea, Daniel Dee, of St. ,Ioseph, Mo., w;us 
 horn at Ringgold, Platte County, Mo., ,lHnnarv 4, 
 ls."il; graduate of the Si. Loiiis Cniversity and of 
 the Harvanl Uiw School: elected to the Fifty- 
 thinl Congress as a Democrat; died Xovemlier 2, 
 1,S9H. 
 
 Burnes, James Nelson, of St. .Toseph, Mo., was 
 Ixirn in Indiana .\^lgu^^t "_".'. \s:V2: reieived a com- 
 mon and high .school education; studied law. 
 graduatingfromthe Harvanl Ijiw School; admitted 
 to the har and pructii'ed; circuit attorney in lsi(>; 
 Presidential elector in lS."it>; judge of the common 
 plejis court 1.'<(>,S-1S7".'; electt><I to the Forty-eighth 
 Congress as a Democrat; rvelei-fed to the Forty- 
 
 ninth and Fiftieth Congresses; reelected to the 
 Fifty-lii-st (^ingress and ilied ,laiiuary L'4. l.S.s<». 
 
 Burnham, Alfred A., wils iHirn at Wiiiilham, 
 Windham County, Conn., March S, 1819; rei-eiveil 
 a lilxM'al cilucation, spending one vear at Wash- 
 ington College; taught school am[ studied law; 
 aclmitted to the har in 1.S4:! and afterwards prac- 
 ticed at Windham; inemherof the State hou.se of 
 re]ircseiilatives in 1.S44, 184.">, IS'ii), and lH."i.S, being 
 speaker the la-^t year; ilerk of the Slate senate in 
 1S47: lieutenant-governor of Connecticut in l.S.">7; 
 electeil a Representative from Connecticut to the 
 Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican; re<'lected 
 to the Thirty-seventh Congress. 
 
 Burnham, Henry Eben, of Manchester, X. II., 
 
 was horn at Diinharton, X. II., Novembers, 1,S44; 
 titled for college at Kiuihall Cnion Academy, and 
 graduated from Dartmouth College in l.si>."i; studieil 
 law in the oltice of Minot & Mugridge. ConeonI, 
 and in the offices of E. S. Cutter ami .Imlge Lewis 
 W. Clark in ^lanchester; admitted to the bar in 
 April, l.siiS, and practiced in Manchester; judge of 
 lirobate for Hillshoro County lS7t>-lS79; repre.-H-nt- 
 ative in the State legislature 1S7S-74; treasurer of 
 Hillshoro County; meniher of the i-onstitiitional 
 convention of I.SS9; .served as ballot law commis- 
 sioner; chairman of the Kepuhlican State conven- 
 tion to nominate delegates to the national con- 
 vention in 1S8.'<; elected by a unanimous vote of the 
 Kepuhlican inemhers of the legislature and the 
 votes of five Democratic memhers to the I'nifed 
 States Senate to succeed Hon. W. I".. Chandler, 
 Re|iublican, ami took his seat March 4, 1901. 
 
 Burns, Joseph, was btirn at Waynesboro, Va., 
 March 11. LSOO; moved to Ohio and educated 
 in the imlilic schools; learned the hattei-s" trade, 
 hilt engaged in farming; held several otfices in 
 Coshocton Countv; elected a Representative from 
 Ohio to the Thirty-tifth I'ongre.ss as a Demo- 
 crat; defeated for reelection to the Thirty-sixth 
 Congress. 
 
 Burns, Robert, was horn in New Hampshire; 
 iiiemher of the legislature of New Hampshire, 
 serving in both houses: elected a Representative 
 from New Hampshire to the Tweiity-thinl I'on- 
 gress as a Democrat; reelected to the Twenty- 
 fourth Congress; die<I at Plymouth. X. II., June 
 20, isiii;, 
 
 Burnside, Ambrose E., of Providem-e, R. I., 
 was born at Liln-rty, liid.. May 2.'{. 1S24; enteri-d 
 West point in his nineteenth year, and gradnateil 
 in 1.S47; serveil in the Mexican and Imlian wars, 
 and resigneil in 18.12 to manufacture a breech- 
 loailing riHe of his own invention; iiiove<l to Illi- 
 nois when appointed treasurer of the Illinois Cen- 
 tnd Railroail in 18.58; entert><l the I'liiou .\rmy in 
 .\pril, !.8lil, as colonel of the First Rhode Island 
 Voliinlifr Inlaiitry: commanded a brigade at the 
 first battle of Bull Run; |>roinoted brigadier and 
 major general: commanded sm-ci'ssively the exjie- 
 ilitioii to Xorth Carolina in 18t>2, the left wing of 
 the I'nion Army at .Vntietam. the .\riiiy of the 
 Potomac, and the Ninth .\rmy Corps, resigning in 
 .\pril, 1.8tvi; elected governor of Rhode Islaml in 
 IHtW), 18H7, and 1.8(>8; visited F.nrope in 1870. and 
 admitted within the (ierman and French lines in 
 and around Paris, acting as a meiliiim of conimii- 
 nication betwtvn the hostile iiation>< in the inter- 
 ests of conciliation: eUvted to the l'nite<l States 
 Senate as a Republican, to snccee<I William 
 Spragnc, IndeiH^mlent. and tcvik his seat March 4, 
 187.T; ret'leett-.! in 1,8,80; ditsl .Septemln'r bt, 1881, 
 at Bristol. R. I. 
 
BIOGKAPHIES. 
 
 42y 
 
 Burnside, Thomas, was born in Pennsylvania 
 in 17So; recti\'ed a lilieral edncation; studied law 
 and commenced practice in 1804; member of the 
 State house of representatives; elected a represent- 
 ative from Pennsylvania to the Fourteenth Con- 
 gress, serving from December 11, 1815, to April, 
 18U>, when he resigned; president-judge of a judi- 
 cial district, and subsequently an associate justice 
 of the suiireme court of Pennsylvania; died at Ger- 
 mantown, Pa., March 25, 185i. 
 
 Burr, Aaron, was born at Newark, X. J., Feb- 
 ruaryO, 1756; when 12 years of age entered Prince- 
 ton College and graduated from there in 1772; 
 studied theology; entered the Continental Army 
 in 1775; distinguished himself at Quebec, Mon- 
 mouth, and New Haven, and resigned March 10, 
 1779, owing to ill health; studied law; admitted 
 to the bar in 1782, anci practiced at Albany; 
 moved to New York in 1783; member of the State 
 houseof rei>reseiitativesin 1784and 1798; attorney- 
 general of New York 1789-90; commissioner on 
 Revolutionary claims in 1791 ; elected United States 
 Senator from New York as a Democrat, serving 
 from October 24, 1791, until ^larch 3, 1797; at the 
 Presidential election of 1801, Burr and Jeffenson 
 had each 73 votes, and the House of Representa- 
 tives, on the thirty-sixth ijallot, elected Jefferson 
 President, ami Burr "\'ice-President; defeated in 
 1804 as the Democratic candidate for governor of 
 New York; mortally wounded Alexander Hamil- 
 ton in a duel fought at Weehawken, July 12, 1804; 
 arrested and tried for treason in August, 1807, for 
 attempting to revolutionize the Mississippi Valley, 
 but acquitted; went abroad in 1808 to escajje fur- 
 ther prosecution and his creditors; returned to 
 New York City in 1812 and resumed the jiractice 
 of law; died at Port Richmond, Staten Island, 
 September 14, 1836. 
 
 Burr, Albert G. , was born in Illinois in 1829; 
 received a liberal education; studied and ])racticed 
 law; member of the State legislature of Illinois 
 1861-1864; member of the State constitutional 
 convention; elected a Representative from Illinois 
 to the Fortieth Congress as a Democrat; reelected 
 to the Forty-first Congress. 
 
 Burrell, Orlando, of Carmi, 111., was born in 
 Bradford County, Pa.; moved with his parents 
 to White County, 111., in 1834, and raised on a 
 farm near Carmi; received a common-school edu- 
 cation; raised a company of I'avalry in June, 1861, 
 elected captain of it, and joined the First Regiment 
 Illinois Cavalry; elected county judge in 1873 and 
 reelected in 1877; elected sheriff in 1886; occupa- \ 
 tion, farming and stock raising; elected to the ' 
 Fifty-fourth Congress as a Republican; after leav- 
 ing "Congress returned to his farm near Carmi, 111. 
 
 Burrill, James, jr., was born at Providence, 
 R. I., .\iiril 25, 1772; graduated from Brown Uni- 
 versity in 1788; studied law and afterwards ]irac- 
 ticed at Providence; attorney-general of Rhode 
 Island 1797-1813, when he retired fmm the baron 
 aci'ount of ill health; member of the general assem- 
 bly of Rhode Island 1813-14, being speaker the 
 last year; chief justice of the State supreme court 
 in 1816; elected aUnited States Senator from Rhode 
 Island and served from December 1, 1817, until 
 his death, at Washington, D. C, December 25, 
 1820. 
 
 Burroughs, Silas M. , was born in the State of 
 New York; received a liberal education; member 
 of the State house of representatives for four years; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican; reelected 
 
 to tlie Thirty-sixth Congress, serving from Decem- 
 ber 7, 1857, until his death at Medina, N. Y., June 
 3, 1860. 
 
 Burrows, Daniel, was born at Groton, Conn.; 
 received a liberal education; studied theology; 
 one of the commissioners who established the 
 boundary line between Connecticut and Massachu- 
 setts in 1776; elected a Representative from Con- 
 necticut to the Seventeenth Congress; surveyor of 
 the ]>ort of Middletown for twenty years; died at 
 Mystic River, Conn., January 23, 1858. 
 
 Burrows, Joseph H., of Cainsville, Mo., was 
 born at ^Manchester, England, May 15, 1840; edu- 
 cated at Quincy, 111., and Keokuk, Iowa; mer- 
 chant; Bai)tist minister; farmer; member of the 
 State house of representatives 1870-1874 and 1878- 
 1880; nominated by the Greenliackers forCongress 
 in 1880, and the Republicans supported him; 
 elected to the Forty-seventh Congress as a Green- 
 backer. 
 
 Burrows, Julius C, of Kalamazoo, Mich.; was 
 born at Northeast, Erie County, Pa., January 9, 
 1837; received a common school and academic 
 education; by profession a lawyer; officer in the 
 Union Army 1862-1864; ]irosecuting attorney of 
 Kalamazo County, 186-5-1867; appointed super- 
 visor of internal revenue for the States of JNIichigan 
 and Wisconsin in 1867, but declined the office: 
 elected a Representative to the Forty-third, Forty- 
 sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses; appointed 
 Solicitor of the United States Treasury Department 
 by President Arthur in 1884. but declined the 
 office; elected a delegate at large from Michigan 
 to the national Republican convention at Chicago 
 in 1884; elected to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and 
 Fifty-first Congresses; twice elected S[>eaker pro 
 tempore of the House of Representatives during 
 the Fifty-first Congress, and elected to the Fifty- 
 second and Fifty-third Congresses, and reelected 
 to the Fifty-fourth Congress; resigned his seat in 
 the House January 23, 1895, to assume the office 
 of United States Senator from Michigan, to which 
 he had been elected by the legislature to fill out 
 the unexpired term of Francis B. Stockbridge, de- 
 ceased, and took his seat in the Senate the same 
 day; reelected in 1899. 
 
 Burrows, Lorenzo, was born in Connecticut 
 and educated in the public schools; moved to 
 Albion, N. Y.; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Con- 
 gresses as a Whig; elected comptroller of the State 
 of New York in 1855. 
 
 Burt, Armistead, was born in South Carolina; 
 received a liberal education; studied law and 
 afterwards practiced at Wilmington, S. C. ; elected 
 a Representative from South Carolina to the 
 Twenty-eighth Cnngress as a Calhoun Democrat; 
 reelected witliout opjiosition to the Twentv-ninth, 
 Thirtieth, Thirty-first, and Thirty-secoiid Con- 
 gresses; ser\ed as Speaker pro tempore of the 
 House of Rejiresentatives during the absence of_ 
 Mr. Speaker Winthrop; delegate to the national' 
 Democratic convention at New York in 1868. 
 
 Burton, Charles Germman, of Nevada, IMo., 
 was born at Cleveland, (.)hio, April 4, 1846; raised 
 at Warien, Ohio, ami cilucated in its public schools; 
 enlisted as a private September 7, 1861, in Com- 
 pany C, Nineteenth Ohio Infantry, and served 
 with the regiment until discharged, October 29, 
 1862, l>y reason of disability; corporal in Company 
 A, One hundred and seventy-first Ohio National 
 Guard.«, during the "one hundred days" cam- 
 paign of 1864; admitted to the bar at Warren, 
 
430 
 
 CONURKSSloNAI. |)IKI'(T<iKV. 
 
 Ohio, in April, 18t)"; located at Virgil City, Mci., 
 ill April, IKtiS; inovcil ti« Kric, Kiiiis., Mav, l,S(ttt; 
 iniivcd t(i Nfvaila, Mn., May, 1S71; lircuit attur- 
 ncy anil jiulfic nf llu- twciitv -lillli cirriiit; ilclcgato 
 til tlu' natiiinal Kcpiililican iniivcntidii at ('liicago 
 111 1SS4: eli'iti'il til till' Kil'ty-foiirtli Con^rri's.i as a 
 Hfpuliliian: ri'smiiiil tlii' luaitii'i'ol' lawallrr Irav- 
 \\\ii ('<iii!,'riss. 
 
 Burton, Hutchins G., was born in Ciniiiville 
 CoiiMly. N.t '.: s1iiilif«l law ami I'oniiiieiu'cil jirai- 
 tiri' in Ml rkli'nliiir;; County ; iiiiMiilii-riif tlif lionsi' 
 of foiiiMionsoi North Carolina in ISIO; i-li'i-liMlattor- 
 nry-;.'oniMalin ISldaml ivsiyni'il inNoviMnlier, 1SU>; 
 inovi-ilto Halifax: ai;ain flfcti'il to tlif lionso of 
 I'oniiiions in ISKl; clirli'd a Ui'|irfsontativc from 
 North Carolina to the iSixtecnth ConKress as an 
 anti-rU'inocmt; reeleeteil to the Seventeenth Con- 
 jrress without o])position, ami reelecleil to the 
 Kinlileenth Congress, servinj; from Deeeniber 6, 
 ISltl, until Mareh ■_':!, 18'J4, when he resiirneil; trov- 
 ermirof North Carolina ISiM- 1 S27; nnminateil by 
 ,Iohn tiuimy AiUums f.'o\ernoriif Arkansas, but not 
 eonlirniecl bv the Senate; ilieil in Ireilell Countv, 
 N. C., April'-.M, IS.Jil. 
 
 Burton, Joseph Ralph, of Abilene, Kans.. 
 was eleiteil to the I'niteil States Senate to sueeeeil 
 lion. Lueieu liaUir, ami took his seat Mareh 4, 
 11101; his term expires Mareh ;i, UI07. 
 
 Burton, Robert, was born in Mecklenburg 
 County, \'a., in 1747; planter; moved to (iranville 
 County, N. ('., in 177'i, and served in tlie Uevolu- 
 tionary army, attaining the rank of eolonel; dele- 
 gate from North Carolina to the Contini-nlal Con- 
 gress 1777-7S; member of the conuiiission which 
 established the boundary line between North Caro- 
 lina, South Carolina, and (ieorgia, in ISOl: died 
 ill liranville Cnunly. N. ('., in 1S2'>. 
 
 Burton, Theodore E., of Cleveland. I ihi.i. was 
 born at .leffei-son, Ashtalmla County, (lido. De- 
 cember "JO, IS.tI; studied at(uand River Inslitule, 
 Austinburg. ( Miio. at Iowa College, (iriiuiell, Iowa, 
 and at<ib<'rlin College, fn.uiwhiih last iusiilution 
 he graduated ill 1S7L'; began the practice of lawat 
 Cleveland in lS7.i; member of the Fifty-lirst Con- 
 gress, lint defeated for reelection in ISIKI; elected 
 to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-tiftli, and Fifty-sixth 
 Congre.>'se.s as a Kepublican, and reelected to the 
 Fifty-seventh Congress; author of a work on Fi- 
 nancial Crises and Perioils of Commercial Depres- 
 sion, luililished in 1!KV2; reelected to the Fifty- 
 eighth Congress. 
 
 Burwell, William A., was born in Mecklen- 
 burg Couuly, \a., aliniit 17S0; graduated from 
 William and Mary College; moved to Franklin 
 County in ISOl'; elected a member of the Slate 
 bouse of delegab's; private .secretary to I'resideiit 
 .leffiisdu; elected a Uepre.-ienlative from \"irginia 
 to the Ninth Congress (in the place of Christopher 
 Clark, resigned) as a Democrat; reelected to the 
 Tenth, Fleveiith, Twelfth, Tliirteenth, Fourteenth, 
 Fifteenth, and Sixti'eiith ( 'ongres-.-es, serving from 
 December 1, ISlKi. until his death, at Washington, 
 D. C.. February Hi, l.sjl. 
 
 Busby, George H., was born at Davistown, 
 I'a., .Innc 10. 17!M; educated in the ]iublic schools; 
 moved with his father to Ohio in ISIO; learned 
 the cabinetmaker's trade; worked on a farm; ap- 
 pointed i-lerk of the Marion County courts and 
 suli.seinielilly reiorder of deeils for the same 
 County; elected a Kepreseiitative fmni Ohio to the 
 Thirty-secoml Congre.-'s as a Democnit. 
 
 Busey, Samuel T., of t'rbana. 111., was born 
 at (ireeiicastle. I'utnam County, Ind., November 
 
 Hi, ISXt; inovefl with his parents the following 
 spring to Illinois; resided on a farm, and educated 
 in the public schools of rrbana: engaged in mer- 
 chandisiug ls.'.7-l,<i!l; studied law; attended com- 
 mercial college anil law lectures l.s.Mt-60; re- 
 turned to merchandising for two years; first 
 sergeant and lirsl lieutenant of the Irbaua Zouave.s 
 bStil-iiL'; town collector lSli2; commissioned sec- 
 ond lieutenant in the recruiling serviie bytiov- 
 ernor Yates in .luue. ISOL', and helped to organize 
 the Seventy-sixth Illinois Volunteer Infantry; 
 elected captain Company 1". of that regimeiit 
 August 7. ISiii'; elected lieutenant-colonel August 
 V2. ISiiL', and commissioned .August Hi by (iov- 
 einor Yates; jiromoted to the colonelcy of the 
 same regiment .May, 18(>S; mustered oiit of the 
 service .\ugust (i, I'sd.'S, at (Miicago, 111., with the 
 rank of brevet brigadiii-i.'eneral; received the la-st 
 conimissiou on recomuiendation of Maj. <ien. C. 
 C. .\ndrews fnr leading the a.-^.siult on Fort Hlake- 
 ley, .\la.. l.sii."); mayor and ]iresident of the board 
 of education of Irbaua ISSO-lSSil; organized Ku- 
 sey's bank in lHti7, and condncted its biisines.s 
 twenty-one years; elected to the Fifty-second Con- 
 gress .MS a Democnit. 
 
 Bushnell, Allen Ralph, of Madison. Wis., was 
 born at the town of Hartford, Trumbull County, 
 Ohio, .Fuly IS, Is;!:!; received an academic eiluca- 
 tioii at Oberlin and Hiram and pursued a special 
 coui-se for the legal profe^sion; by iirofes.sioii a 
 lawyer; moved to Wisconsin in lS.'i4 and settled 
 in I'latteville; moveil to l^iim-aster in 1S()4 and to 
 Madison in l.sill; elected district attorney of 
 tirant County in I.SliO, and resigned to enter the 
 .Vrmy in August, lS(il; served as lirst lieutenant 
 
 I and afterwards as captain of Coiupany C. Seventh 
 Wisconsin Volunteers; member of the Iron Kri- 
 gade; appointed by the governor, in I.S64, district 
 attorney of tirant Conntv to fill the niiexiiired 
 term of Hon. .1. T. Mills', elected ju.lge of the 
 liftli circuit; member of the Wisconsin legislature 
 in lS7:i; I'nited States distrii'tattornev for western 
 district of Wisconsin ISSti-bSStO; elected to the 
 I'ifty-second Congress as a Democrat ; resumed tie 
 
 I practice of law after leaving Congress. 
 
 Butler, Andrew Pickens, was born in I'.dge- 
 tield District. S.C., November lit, I7!lli; graduated 
 from the Col lege of South Carolina in 1S17; stiidiiil 
 law and commenced prai'ticeat F.dgelield in ISIS; 
 member of the .*^tale house of representatives for 
 several years; appointed judge of the sessions 
 court in lS.i.i; judge of the State court of common 
 pleas 18.'!.VlS4(i; appointed by the governor of 
 South Carolina I'liited States .S'liator from that 
 State I toll 11 the vacancy caused bv tin' death of Mr. 
 McDullicelas a States' Rights Democnit; suIi.-h- 
 i|Uently elected and reelected by the legislature, 
 .•serving from Deiember 21, lS4(i. until his death, 
 near IMgelield. S. C. May l!.'>. IS.i7. 
 
 Butler, Benjamin Franklin, was bo-n at 
 Deerlield, N. 11., November 6, ISIS; grailnated 
 from Colby I'niversity, Maine, in 1.h:{S, anil in 1S40 
 admitted to the bar; coiiimenccd jiractice at l.ow- 
 ell, Ma.ss, whcrehesoon becameeudnenl. especially 
 in criminal cu.ses; elected to the .Ma.--¥acliiisetts 
 State house i f representatives in 1S.V5 and to the 
 State senate 'ii lS.'iSl; delegate to the national 
 Democnitic conventions at Charleston and Haiti- 
 more in ISOO; defeated as the Democratic caiidi- 
 dale for governor of Mas.-iachiiselts in IStiO; 
 entered the I'nion .\rniy in l.siil as brigadier- 
 gi-neral in eomtiiand of the F.ightli Ma.-<«achusetts 
 Kegiincnt; |iroinoted to major-general May Itl, 
 1801, and lussigneil to commimd of Fort Monroe 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 431 
 
 and the Department of Eastern Virginia, and took 
 a very prominent jiart throughout the entire war; 
 returned tn Masnachusetts, where lie continued to 
 take an interest in pulilic aft'airf^; elected a Kepre- 
 sentative fnmi Massachusetts tij the Fortieth Con- 
 gress asa Repulilican; reelected to the Forty-first, 
 Forty-second, and Forty-third Congresses; de- 
 feated for reelection to the Forty-fourth Congress; 
 again elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a 
 Republican; again defeated as candidate for gov- 
 ernor of Massachusetts in 1871; in 1879, when he 
 changed his politics, again defeated for governor 
 of ^lassachusetts as a candidate on the (Treenback 
 and Democratic ticket; the Deuiocrats united on 
 him and secured his election in 1882, although 
 they hist the rest of their ticket; again defeated 
 for governor in 1883; Presidential candidate on 
 the Greenback ami anti-Monopolist ticket in 1884; 
 died in AVashington, D. C, January 11, 1893. 
 
 Butler, Chester, was born at Wilkesbarre, Pa., 
 March 6, 1798; graduated from Princeti in College 
 in 1817; studied law at the LitchtieM law school, 
 and in 1820 connnenced practice at Wilkesbarre; 
 member of the State house of representatives for 
 three years; elected a Rejiresentative from Penn- 
 sylvania to the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, and 
 reelected to the Thirty-lirst Congress, serving from 
 December 6, 1847, until his death, at Philadelphia, 
 October 5, 1850. 
 
 Butler, Ezra, was born in Connecticut in 17t)2; 
 received a liberal education; studied law, and in 
 1786 connnenced practice at Waterbury, Vt. ; mem- 
 ber of the State assembly for eleven j'ears, and a 
 member of the executive council for fifteen years; 
 first judge of the Chittenden Ccmnty court 1803- 
 180(3, and chief justice 1806-1811; elected a Rep- 
 resentative friim X'ermont to the Thirteenth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat, .serving from May 24, 1813, 
 to March 3, 1815; chief justice of the Jefferson 
 County court 1814—1826; member of the A'ermont 
 constitutional convention in 1822; governor of Ver- 
 mont 1826-1828; died at Waterbury, Vt., July 19, 
 1838. 
 
 Butler, James Joseph, of St. Louis, Mo., was 
 born in that city August 29, 1862; and has been 
 continually a resident of Mis.souri and the city of 
 St. Louis from birth; received his primar}' train- 
 ing in the public schools, after w'hich he entere<l 
 the St. Louis University, Ijut was, liowe\'er, forced 
 to abandon his college course, through ill health, 
 before its completion, and took up the traile of his 
 father — that of blacksmith and farrier — at which 
 he worked fur three years; he then reentered tlie 
 St. Louis University, taking up the eour.se where he 
 had left off, and graduated from that institution 
 with a degree of 15. S. in June, 1881; immediately 
 went to work at his tratle, at which he continueil 
 for one year, attending the post-graduate lectures 
 of the St. Louis University at night dui-ing that 
 time; entered the law school of Washington Uni- 
 versity the following year, and admitted to prac- 
 tice June 2, 1884; served for seven years as city 
 attorney of St. Louis and for two years as a school 
 director; elected to the Fifty-seventh Cnngressas 
 a Democrat; his seat was declared vacant .lune 28, 
 1902; elected to fill the vacancy, and his seat was 
 successfully contested by George C. R. Wagoner 
 February 26, 1903; reelected to the Fifty-eighth 
 Congress. 
 
 Butler, Josiah, was born in Rockingham 
 County, N. H., in 1780; graduated from Harvard 
 College in 1803; taught school in Virginia and 
 studied law; commenced practice in South Deer- 
 field, N. H. ; representative in the State legislature 
 
 for several terms; sheriff of Rockingham County; 
 appointed judge of the superior court of New 
 Hampshire in 1813, and occupied the position 
 until 1816, when the office was abulishcd I ly the 
 legislature; defeated as the Democratic candidate 
 for the Thirteenth Congress; elected a Represent- 
 ative from New Hampshire to the Fifteenth, 
 Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Congresses; die<l at 
 Deerfield, N. H., November 8, 1854. 
 
 Butler, M. C, of Edgefield, S. C, was born 
 near Greenville, S. C, March 8, 1836; received a 
 classical education at the academy at Edgefield, 
 and entered the South Carolina College in Octo- 
 ber, 1854; left this institution before graduating, 
 and studied law at Stonelands, the residence of 
 his uncle, Hon. A. P. Butler, near Edgefield; 
 admitted to the bar in December, 1857; ]iracticed 
 at Edgefield; elected to the legislature of South 
 Carolina in 1860; entered the Confeilerate service 
 as captain iif cavalry in the Hampton Legion in 
 June, 1861, and became a major-general through 
 the regular grades; lost his right leg at the battle 
 of Brandy Station on the 9th of June, 1863; elected 
 to the legislature of So\ith Carolina in 1866; candi- 
 date for lieutenant-governor of South Carolina in 
 1870; received the Democratic viite of the South 
 Carolina legislature for United States Senator in 
 1870, receiving 30 votes; elected to the I'nited 
 States Senate as a Democrat, to succeed Thomas J. 
 Robertson, Republican, and admitted to his seat 
 Decendier 2, 1877; was reelected in 1882 and again 
 in 1889; after his retirement from the United 
 States Senate resumed the practice of law in 
 Washington, D. C. ; appointeil major-general of 
 F. S. Volunteers in the Spanish-American war; 
 located at Edgefield, S. C'. 
 
 Butler, Marion, of Elliot, Sampson County, 
 N. C, was born on a farm in Honeycutts Town- 
 ship, Sampson County, X. C., May 20, 1863; 
 graduated from the t^niversity of North ( Carolina 
 in 1885; began the study of law, but was called 
 home, being the eldest boy, hx the sudden death 
 of his father, to run the farm and to look after 
 the education of his younger brothers and sisters, 
 and taught at a neighboring academy for three 
 years; joined the Farmers' Alliance in 1888 and 
 bought the Clinton Caucasian; elected to the 
 State senate in 1890; elected president of the State 
 Farmers' .\lliance in 1891 and reelected in 1892; 
 elected vii'e-president of the National P'armers' 
 .\lliance and Industrial Union in 1893 and elected 
 president of that organization in 1894; immedi- 
 ately after the adjournment of the Chicago con- 
 vention in 1892 severed his connection with the 
 Democratic party and went to work to organize 
 and build up the People's Party; chairman of the 
 Popidist State committee during that campaign; 
 trustee an<l a member of the executive board of 
 the State University, his alma mater; his paper, 
 the Caucasian, has been moved to Raleigh, N. C., 
 and has probably the largest circulation and is 
 one of the most influential pajiers in the State; 
 elected to the United States Senate as a Populist, 
 to succeed Matt W. Ransom, Democrat, in 1895; 
 serve<l until March 3, 1901. 
 
 Butler, Pierce, wasborn in Ireland. .1 uly 1 1 , 1744; 
 received a liberal education; served as lieutenant, 
 captain, and majorin the British army; stationed 
 in Boston, but resigned previous to the Revolution 
 anil settled in Charleston, S. C. ; member of the 
 Continental Congress fi-om South Carolina in 1787; 
 member of the convention which frameil the Feil- 
 eral Cojistitution in 1788; elected a United States 
 Senator from Soutli Carolina as a Democrat, serv- 
 
4:V2 
 
 CONGRE9SIONAI, 1)1 KK( TORY. 
 
 in;; I'lMiu Marcli 4, 1789, to 17it(>, wlieii lio ri'sigiicd; 
 iitfiiin ek'otcd ti> llie T"nitt'(l Slates Scnale (in i>laci- 
 iif .1. I'. Callumn, diTinu^e" 1 ) , sii-rvin^ from Octolicr 
 IS, 180;?, until 1S04, when he ajiain lesijfued; dieil 
 ill I'liiladelphia, I'ehrnary 'I'l, 1822. 
 
 Butler, Roderick B.., of MivniitainCily, Tenn., 
 was horn at \\'\ tlieville, \'a. ; at the ap' of 14 was 
 ajiprentieed to the tailoring business; studied law, 
 adniitttil to the bar, and pnietieed his profession; 
 ajipointed postmaster of TayioT-sville, now Moun- 
 tainCity, by President Fillmore; majorofthe First 
 ISattalionof Tennessee militia; elel•^ed(•onllIy jud^e 
 in lS.i(i; mendier of the Tennessee h'^rislatine for 
 fourteen years, serviii'.; in both hraiwhes; lienlen- 
 ant-i-olonel of the Thirteenth Tennessi'e Cavalry, 
 reeeivin-; his commission from 1 'resident Johnson; 
 member of the Baltimore national eonvention of 
 18t>4: delegate to the State constitutional conven- 
 tion of 18tir>; cliairinan of the iirst State Kepubli- 
 can executive eonnnittee of Tennessee; inend)er of 
 the Haltimore border State eonvention; member 
 of the riiiladelphia and Cimiimati national Kepub- 
 lican conventions; electeil deleirale to the C'hica>_'o 
 convention, but ]>revented from attending' iiy sick- 
 ness; judpe of the Iirst judicial circuit of Tennes- 
 see in lSt)5; elected to Congress in ISliT; presiilent 
 of the Kepublican State convention in ISiiS) and 
 1882; member of the Fortieth, Forty-tirst, Forty- 
 second, and Forty-thiril Congresses, and elected to 
 the Fiftieth Congress as a Kepublican; after his 
 retirement from Cimgress resumeil the imictiee of 
 law; member of the State senate forsix yeaiv, and 
 in U'OO was again elected. 
 
 Butler, Sampson H., was born in South Caro- 
 lina; received a liberal eilucation; elected a Kep- 
 resentative from South Carolina to the Twenty- 
 sixth Congress, and reelected to the Twenty -seventh 
 Congress, serving from |teceud)er 2, ISIH, luitil 
 September 27, ISV^. when he resigned on account 
 of ill health. 
 
 Butler. Thomas, was born at Carlisle, I'a.; re- 
 ceived a liberal t'lhication; moved to Louisiana; 
 elected a Representative fiom Louisiana to the 
 Fifteenth Congre.-^s (to till the vacancy cau.scd by 
 tlie death of William C. C. Claiborne. ilecea.se<l I, 
 defeating Fdward Livingstone, and reelected to 
 tlie Sixteenth Congress, serving from Februarv 
 2(1, 1818, to March 3, 1821; died at New Orleans 
 August 14, 1847. 
 
 Butler, Thomas B., was born at Wethei-stield. 
 Conn., in ls07; receiveda liberalcducatioii; studied 
 law and commenced practice at Norwalk, Conn.; 
 member of theState legislature ; elected a Kepre.-ient- 
 ative from Coiniectieut to theTliirty-lii>t ( ongress 
 a.' a Whig; died at Norwalk, Conn., June 8, 187S. 
 
 Butler, Thomas S., of Westchester, I'a., was i 
 born at Cwchlanil, Chester County, I'a., Novem- I 
 lier 4. 18.5,t; receiveil a common school and aca- | 
 demie tilucation; attorney at law; elected to the 
 Fifty-lifth, Fifty-sixth, Fiftv-seventh, and Fifty- 
 eighth Congrt'sses a.s a Ke|iu"blican. 
 
 Butler, Walt H., of West Cnion, Iowa, was 
 born February 1.'!, 18.V2, at Spriugboro. C'rjiwford 
 County, I'a., his father l)eing Col. Iliram llutler, 
 of that i>lace; moveil to Iowa in 1875; electeil to 
 the Filty-seci.nd Congress as a l)emoirat. 
 
 Butler, William (father of .Vndrew Pickens 
 Hutler and of William Hutler), was boni in Prince 
 William ('■■unty, Va.. in 17.MI; received a lilnTal 
 ethical ion; moved to.Smth Carolina and graduate" 1 
 from the l^outh Carolina College as a student of 
 medicine -.tm-.I in tlie Ucvolutionarv war; mem- 
 
 ber of the State convention which adopted the 
 Federal Constitution arul of the State constitutional 
 convention; member of the Istate legislature for 
 sevenil years; sheriff in 17!M; eliMii-da I{epre.si'nta- 
 tive from South Carolina to the Seventh, Eighth, 
 Ninth, Tenth, Fleventh, ami Twelfth Congresses; 
 major-general, commanding the trooi is raised for 
 the defense of South Canilina during the war 
 with tireat Hritain; ilefeated as a can<li<late for 
 the ."Sixteenth Congre.ss; died at Cohimhia, S. ('., 
 .Vovember I'l, 1821. 
 
 Butler, William, was born at Columbia, S. C. ; 
 
 graduated from the South Carolina College in 1810; 
 eleclt'd a Kepresentative from South Carolina to 
 the Tweiitv-seventh Congress as a Whig, serving 
 from May 31, 1841, to March .i. 1S4.S. 
 
 Butler, William Orlando, was born in Jes-sa- 
 mine County, Kv,. in 17!K!; reciived a lilH-nil edu- 
 cation; stuilied law; in Septendier, 1812, entered 
 the r.S. .\rmyas lientenant in the Second In- 
 fantry, and served throughout the war with tireat 
 Hritain, being promoted t'l lieutenant -colonel, prac- 
 ticed law at Carrolliou, Ky., 1817-l.s*i; electe<l a 
 Kepresentative from Kentucky to the Twenty- 
 sixth Congress as a Van Huren DeimxTat, and re- 
 elected ti> the Twenty-seventh Congress; served 
 during the war with Mexico, attaining the rank of 
 major-general; nominated as the Democratic can- 
 didate for \' ice- Presiilent in 1848 with Geiiend 
 Cass as a candidate for President, anil defeated; 
 appointed governor of Ni'braska by I'resideiil 
 Pierce, but declined the aiipointment: member of 
 the Washington Peace Congress. 
 
 Butman, Samuel, was born in the Maine dis- 
 trict of .Ma.-sachusetts; received a lilK^ral educa- 
 tion; member of the.'^tate house of represt'utative^ 
 of Maine in 1822, 182li. and 1827; elected a Kepn - 
 sentativefrom .Maiueto theTwentiethand Tweiity- 
 lirstCongre.s.ses; county commissioner of Penobscot t 
 County in 184t>; .served in the State senate and was 
 its president in 18.'i:!; died at Dixuiont, Me., in I8(i4 
 
 Butterfield, Martin, was a resident of Pal- 
 myra, N. Y.; electeii a Kepresentative from tiuit 
 State to the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Kepublican. 
 
 Butterworth, Benjamin, of Cincinnati, Oliio. 
 wa.s born in Warri-n County, Ohio, October 22, 
 18;{7; attorney at law; member of the Ohio senate 
 from Warren and Kutler counties 1873-74; elected 
 to the Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh. Forty-ninth. 
 Fiftieth,and Fifty-tirst Congres-sesasa Kepublican; 
 died .lauuary l(i,"l,8!i8. 
 
 Bynum, Jesse A., was born in Halifax County, 
 N. C, in 17i'">; gniduated from Princeton College 
 in ISlt); studied law and commenced i>iaclice at 
 Halifax; member of the house of lommons of 
 North Carolina 182.3-24: again ele<ted to the house 
 of counnons in 1827-18.30; elected a Kepiv.sentative 
 from North Carolina to theTweuty-thinl. Twenty- 
 fourth, Twenty-lifth. and Twenty-sixth Congre.sses 
 as a IVmocrat; moved to .Mexamhia Parish, I^.. 
 where he engaged in agricultural pursuits; died in 
 Septendier. IsdS 
 
 Bynum, William D., of Indianapolis, Ind.. 
 was born near Newlx-rry. tiri-ene County, Ind.. 
 June 2ii, 1841); receivisl a primary education in 
 the common schools, and collegiate at ."^tate I'ni- 
 versity at Hloomington. Ind.. gradu.iting in 1.8»i!t: 
 sliidie'd law with Hon. William Mack, of Teriv 
 Haute, and admitted to practitv in 18»i9; city 
 attorney of Washington, Inil., 1871-187.T; mayor 
 of Wa,»hington, Ind.. 187.'>-187!l; ap|>ointe<l by 
 tioveruor Hendricks a tnistt'coi the State Normal 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 433 
 
 School of Terre Haute, Iml., in Februar_v, 1875, 
 and served until he realigned in June, 1S75; Demo- 
 cratic elector in ISTti; moved from Daviess County 
 to Marion County in May, 1881; member of the 
 State leirislature of Indiana in 1882, and elected 
 speaker of the house at the Ijeginning of the ses- 
 sion of 1883; elected to the Forty-ninth Congress 
 as a Democrat; reelected to the Fiftieth, Fifty- 
 first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses as 
 a Democrat; located at Washington, t). C; ap- 
 pointed by President McKinley on the commission 
 to codify tlie United States criminal laws. 
 
 Byrns, Sam, was born on a farm in Jefferson 
 County, yio., ^Nlareh 4, 1848; received a good 
 Knglish education; studied law and admitted to 
 the bar of ^lissouri at Hillsboro in 1872; appointed 
 in 1872 collector of revenue for Jefferson County; 
 nominated by the Democratic convention in 1876 
 Presidential elector; elected in 1876 a member of 
 the twenty-ninth general assembly to represent 
 Jefferson County; member of the committee on 
 judiciary; elected State senator in 1878, and was 
 chairman of the committee on criminal jurispru- 
 dence; member of the Democratic State central 
 committee 1886-1888; Democratic Presidential 
 elector in 1888; elected to the Fifty -second Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; resumed the practice of law. 
 
 Cabauiss, Thomas B., was born at Foi'syth, 
 Blonroe County, Ga., graduated from the University 
 of (ieorgia, and entered the Confederate army 
 April 1, 1861; surrendered with General Lee at 
 Appomattox; elected to the house of representa- 
 tives of Georgia in October, 1865, and four times 
 subsequently to the senate of that State; secretary 
 of the State senate in 1873, and solicitor-general of 
 the Flint circuit for a term of four years; elected to 
 the Fifty-tlnrd Congress as a Democrat; resumed 
 the practice of law. 
 
 Cabell, Edward Carrington, was liorn at 
 Richmond, Va., in 1S17; graduated from the Uni- 
 versity of \'irginia; moved to Florida in 1837 and 
 settled near Tallahassee on a cotton jilantation; 
 received the certificate of election as a Representa- 
 tive from Florida to the Twenty-ninth Congress, 
 but the House gave the seat to the contestant, 
 W. H. Brockenborongh, January 28, 1846; elected 
 a Representative fmm Florida to the Thirtieth, 
 Thirty-first, and Thirty-second C(;ingresses as a 
 Whig, and defeated for the Thirtv-thiVd Congress; 
 died in 1896. 
 
 Cabell, Georg-_e C, was burn at Danville, Va., 
 January 25. 183,; instructed liy his father, the 
 late Gen. B. \V. S. Cabell, initil 12 years of age, 
 and from that time until the age of 18 attended 
 the Danville Academy; taught .school in Henry 
 County, devoting his leisure hours to the study of 
 law; attended the law school of the University of 
 Virginia in 1857; commenced the practice of law 
 at Danville in 1858; edited The Republican and 
 then The Democratic Appeal, papers published at 
 Danville; elected in September, 1858, Common- 
 wealth attorney for Danville; helil said position 
 to April 23, 1861, when he V(jlunteered as a private 
 soldier in the Confederate army; commissioned 
 major in June, 1861, by Governor Letcher, and 
 assigned to the Eighteenth Virginia Infanti-y, 
 Colonel Withers, Pickett's division, Longstreet's 
 corps; twice wounded, and left the army at the 
 close of the war with the rank of cohmel; after 
 the war, returiicci tu the practiceof hisprofes.sion; 
 elected t(.i the Forty-fourth, Forty-lifth, Forty- 
 sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty- 
 ninth Congresses as a Democrat; resumed the 
 practice of law at Danville, Va. 
 
 Cabell, Samuel J., was born in Virginia; 
 student at William and Mary College, but left 
 before graduating to enter the Revolutionary army; 
 attained the rank of lieutenant- colonel, serving 
 until taken prisoner by the British in May, 17.S0, 
 at the capture of Charleston ; after the war returned 
 to Virginia; member of the State house of delegates 
 for several years; elected a Representative from 
 Virginia to the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh 
 Congresses; died in ><elson County, ^'a., Septem- 
 ber 4, 1818. 
 
 Cable, Benjamin T., of Rock Island, 111., was 
 born atGeorgetown, Scott County, Ky., August II, 
 1853; moved with his father's familj- to Rock 
 Island in September, 1856; educated in the public 
 schools of Rock I.'iland and the University of 
 Michigan, graduating from the latter institution in 
 June, 1876; engaged in ranching and manufactur- 
 ing; elected to tin- Fifty-second Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Cable, Joseph, was born in Ohio, and educated 
 in the public schools; elected a Representative 
 from Ohio to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second 
 Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Cabot, George, was born at Salem, Mass., De- 
 cember 3, 1752; student at Harvard College, l)Ut 
 left before graduating ami shipped as a cabin I)oy; 
 before he reached his majority was in comn:iand of 
 a vessel and followed the seas for some years; en- 
 gaged in commercial iiursuits at Boston; delegate 
 to the State jirovincial congress in 1775, to the 
 State constitutional convention in 1777, and to 
 the convention which ratified the Constitution of 
 the United States; elected to the L^nited States 
 .Senate from Massachusetts as a Federalist, serving 
 from October 24, 1791, until he resigned in 1796; 
 appointed the first Secretary of the Navy by .John 
 Adams, iSlay 3, 1798, Init declined; member of the 
 executive council of Jlassachusetts in 1808; a del- 
 egate to the Hartford cou\-ention in 1814 and was 
 its presiding officer; retireil from public affairs,and 
 died at Boston, April 8, 1823. 
 
 Cadmus, Cornelius A., of Paterson, N. J., was 
 born in Bergen County, N. J., October 7, 1844; at- 
 tended the public schools of his native county; 
 elected a member of the house general assembly 
 from Pas,saic County in 1883; elected sheriff of I'a.s- 
 saic County in 1887 for three years; elected to the 
 Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses as a Demo- 
 crat. 
 
 Cadwalader, John, was born at Philadelphia, 
 Pa., April 1, 1805; graduated from the University 
 of Pennsylvania in 1821; studied law and in 1821 
 commence<l practicing at Philadelphia; elected a 
 Rejiresentative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty- 
 fourth Congress as a Neljraska Democrat; declined 
 a renomination and resumed the jtractice of law 
 at Philadelphia; appointed l)y President Buchanan 
 judge (jf the United States district court for the 
 eastern district of Pennsylvania. 
 
 Cadwalader, Lambert, was born at Trenton, 
 N. J., in 1741; entereil the Revolutionary army 
 and commanded a regiment of "Jerse)' Blues;" 
 delegate to the Continental Congress 1784 to 1787; 
 elected a RepresenUitive from New Jersey to the 
 First Congress, and again to the Third Congress: 
 ilied at Trenton, N. J., Septendjer 12, 1823. 
 
 Cady, Daniel, was born at Chatham, N. Y., 
 April 29, 1773; educated in the public schools; 
 learned the trade of shoemaking; studied law at 
 Florida, N. Y., and afterwards practiced at Johns- 
 town, X. Y.; member of the State house of rei>re- 
 
 H. Doc. loS- 
 
 -28 
 
434 
 
 CONORESSIO'A], 1)1KKCT< iKY , 
 
 sentativcs 1.S09-1H13; elected a Hejiresentative from 
 New York t(>llieK<mrteeiitliCcii<j;resi<: resumed tlie 
 iiraetiee iif law: jiislire <if the Stale supreme cimrt 
 from 11S4" to Jaiiiiarv 1, IS.Vi, when he resigned; 
 died at Johnstown, N. Y., Oetolx-rSl, 1859. 
 
 Cady, John W. , was liorn in the State of Xew 
 Yoi'k and I'lhu-aled in the pnlilic- scliools; member 
 of tlie State legislature in 182L'; electeil a Kepre- 
 sentative from New York to the Eighteenth Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Caffery, Donelson, of Franklin, St. Mary Par- 
 ish, l.a., was horn in the parish of .St. Mary, La., 
 Seplemlier 10, is:!."i; echu'uled at St. Mary's Col- 
 lege, Maryland; studied law in Louisiana and 
 ailmitted to the bar; served in the Confederate 
 army, tirst in the Thirteenth Louisiana Kegiment 
 andsub.seiiuentlyoMthestaffoftien. \V. \V. \\'alker; 
 praetii-ed law and engaged in sugar planting after 
 the war; mend>erof the eonstitutional convention 
 of 1879; eU'cted to the State senate in ISlC; a|i- 
 pointed Cnited States Senator to suci-eed Randall 
 Lt'C (;ib.''on, decea.<ed, and took his seat .lannary 
 7, 18113; ele<-teil by the legislature in 18114 to liil 
 out the term which expired .March 4, 1895, and 
 alsi> the long term exjiiring March 4, 1901. 
 
 Cage, Harry, was born in Tennessee; received 
 a liberal edui-atifin; studied law and practiced at 
 Wooilville. .Miss.; appointed judge of the supreme 
 court of .Mis-<issip|ii; electeil a Hciiresi'ntative from 
 Mississip])i to the Twenty-third Congress; retired 
 from practice and settled on a plantation in Lou- 
 isiana, where he dieii. 
 
 Cahoon, Williain, was born in the State of Ver- 
 mont; member of the Slate house of repnsenta- 
 tives for several years; Presidential elector on the 
 Madison ticket in 1809; mend)erof the executive 
 council, 181.T to 1820; county judi;e; lieutenant- 
 governorof Vermont 1820 to 1821 ; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Vermont to tin- Twenty-first and 
 Twentv-second Congresses; died at Lvndon, Vt., 
 May .3(1, 1833. 
 
 Cain, Richard H., wsis born in Greenbrier 
 County. Va., April 12, 182.t; moved with his father 
 to ( iailipolis, (.)hio, in 18:!1 ; received a limited edu- 
 cation until after his marriage; entered the minis- 
 trv at an early age, and in 181)0 was a student at 
 Wilberforce I'ldversity, Xenia, Ohio; movid to 
 Brooklyn. X. Y., in 1,8111, where he was a pa.stor 
 for four yeai-s; sent by his congregation as a mis- 
 sionary to the freeilmen of South Carolina in 18ti,T; 
 member of the constitutional convention of South 
 Carolina in 18t>S; member of the State senate for 
 two yearf ; took charge of a Republican newspaper 
 in l.HtjS; elected a Reiire.sentative from South Car- 
 olina to the Korty-third and Korty-lifth ( "onirre.-'.-es 
 as a Keiiublican; after his retirement from Con- 
 gress elected fmn'teenth bislioj) of the .African 
 Methodist Episcopal Church; died at Washington, 
 I). C., .lannary 18, 1887. 
 
 Caine, JohnT., of Salt Lake City, I'tah, was 
 born in the parish of Kirk Patrick, Isle of .Man, 
 •Tanuarv 8, 1829; received a gramnuir school edu- 
 cation; emigrated to the Cnited .'^tates in 184t!, and 
 lived in Xew York City and St. Louis till 1,8.52. 
 when he <-rossed the jilanis Hn<l .^ettleil in t^tah; 
 mostly followed business [lursuits, but for many 
 years wa." manager of the Salt Uike Theater; in 
 1870. with two K-ssociates, he founded the .Sdt 
 Ijjke Iler.dd. became its managing editor and 
 president of its company; served as .s<'cretary of 
 the legislative council during the sessions of 18.T«), 
 
 1857, 18.59, and 1860; member of the constitutional 
 conventions of 1872 anil 1882, which adoiited con- 
 stitutions and iusked for the admission of I'tah an 
 a.Stale; elected to the couneil branih of the legisla- 
 tive a.ssembly for the sessions of 1874. 1876, 1880, 
 and 18.S2; by joint voteof thea.-isembly was elected 
 a regent of the De.seret I'niversitv in 187r), 1878, 
 1880, and 1882; elected recorder of .Salt Lake City 
 in 1870, 1878, 1880, and 1882; eleited on the Peo- 
 |)le's ticket to the Forty-seventh Congress, to (ill 
 the vacaui-y oi-casioned by the action of the 1 louse, 
 which ilecland that t ieorge C^. Cannon, l>eleg!ite- 
 elect, was ineligible, being the only candidate, and 
 took his seat Jamiary 21?, 1883; reelected to the 
 Forty-eighth, Forty-idnth, Fiftieth, Fifty-first, and 
 Fiftv-.second Congresses; elected .State senator in 
 1890. 
 
 Cake, Henry L., was born in XorthumlH-r- 
 land Comity. Pa., October 6, 1827; edurated in the 
 public schools; learned the art of printing, and jiub- 
 iished till' Pottsville Mining Kecord up to the com- 
 menci-iiient of the rebellion; entered the Union 
 .\rmy Ajiril 17, I.Siil, as a ]irivate, and was elected 
 colonel of tin- Twenty-lifth Pemisylvarna Kegi- 
 ment at Washington May 1, 1801; reor;.'anized the 
 regiment after three months' service; connnanded 
 the Xinety-sixth Pennsylvania Volunteers; largely 
 engaged in the niaiuifacture of machinery for the 
 pre]iaration,of and in the mining ami shipping of 
 anthracite coal; elected a Kepresentative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Fortieth and Forty-first Con- 
 gres.ses as a Republicjui. 
 
 Calderhead, William A., of ^larysville. 
 Kaus., was born in Perry County. Ohio, Septem- 
 ber 20, 1844; reieived liisedu<ation inthecommon 
 schools and from his father. Rev. K. H. Calderhead; 
 spent the winter of 1801-02 in the jireparatory 
 I dcjiartment of Franklin College, Xew Athens, 
 Ohio; enlisted in .\ugust, 1.802, as a private in 
 Company II, One hundred and twenty-sixth t)hio 
 Infantry; transferreil to Comjiany 1), Xinth Vet- 
 eran Reserves, fordisability incurred in the service, 
 and discharged .lune 27, 1S(>5; went to Kansas in 
 the fall of 1808aud engaged in farminir; settled on 
 a homestead near Xewtou. Harvey County, Kans., 
 in 1872; taught school in Xewton; read law in the 
 otliccof Hon. ,1. W. Ady, and admilteii to the bar; 
 went to .Vtchison, Kans., in 1875, and spent four 
 years there reading law and teaching country 
 schoolsduring the winters; settled in Marysvillein 
 1 Xoveinber, 1879, and engaged in the practice of 
 ! law; elected county attorney in the fall of 18.88 
 i and served two yi^ars; several years dirk of the 
 board of e<lucation of the city; electeil tothe Fifty- 
 fourth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth 
 Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Caldwell, Alexander, was lH:>rn in Hunting- 
 don County, Pa., March I, l.'<30; educated in the 
 public sihiiols: enlisted in 1847 as a soldier in the 
 Mexican war; returned to Cohmdiia, Pa., in l.'v)>8, 
 where he waseiiiployed in a bank and snb.sei|Uently 
 in mercantile work; went to Kansas in 1801, where 
 he engaged in the- transportation of military sup- 
 plies to the various posts on the Plains; afterwards 
 largely interested in the building of railroads and 
 bridges; elected a Cnited States Senator from Kan- 
 sas as a Republican. 
 
 Caldwell, Andrew J., of Xa.shville. Tcnn., was 
 born at Montevallo, .Via.; received his earlv ohi- 
 cation at Washington Institute; gradnatiif from 
 Franklin College, Tenn.; with the Confederate 
 armv until the close of the war; studied law; 
 admitted to the bar in January, 18(57; elected 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 435 
 
 attorney-general for the district of Davidson and 
 Rutherford counties, Tenn., in August, It^'O, and 
 held the office eight years; elected to the Forty- 
 eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Caldwell, Ben Franklin, of Chatham, 111., was 
 born on afarmnearCarruUton, Greene County, 111., 
 August 2, 1848; moved with his jiarents in April, 
 1853, to near Chatham, in Sangamon County, 111.; 
 had a high school education; member of the board 
 of supervisors of Sangamon County during 1877 and 
 1878; member of the Illinois house of representa- 
 tives 1882-1886; member of the Illinois State sen- 
 ate 1890-1894; president of the Farmers' National 
 Bank of Springfield; president of the Caldwell State 
 Bank of Chatham; elected to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty- 
 seventh, and Fift}--eighth Cfingresses as aDemocrat ; 
 defeated for the Fifty-fifth Congress. 
 
 Caldwell, George A., was born in Kentucky; 
 elected a Representative from that State to the 
 Twenty-eighth and Thirty-first Congresses as a 
 Democrat; defeated for the Twenty-ninth Con- 
 gress; delegate tn the national Union convention 
 at Philadelphia in 1866; died at Louisville, Kv., 
 September 1 7, 1866. 
 
 Caldw^ell, Green Washing-ton, was born in 
 Gaston County, X. C, April IH, 1811; received a 
 liberal education; studied medicine an<l jjracticed; 
 assistant surgeon in the U. S. Army July 1.3, 1832, 
 to October 19, 1832; studied law and afterwards 
 practiced at Charlotte; member of the State legis- 
 lature for several years; elected a Representative 
 from North Carolina to the Twenty-seventh Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; appointed superintendent of 
 the tinited States mint at Charlotte in 1844; ap- 
 pointed captain of dragoons Marcli 3, 1847, and was 
 mustered out July 30, 1848. 
 
 Caldwell, James, elected a Representative from 
 Ohio to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses 
 as a Demcjcrat. 
 
 Caldwell, John A., of Cincinnati, Ohio, was 
 born at Fairhaven, Preble County, Ohio, April 
 21, 1853; received his education in the common 
 schools of his native county; taught school at the 
 age of 17; graduated fmm the Cinrinnafi Law 
 College in 1876; elected prosecuting attcirne\' of 
 Cincinnati in 1881 and 1883; elected judge of' the 
 city court in 1887; president of the Ohio Republican 
 League; elected to the Fifty-first, Fifty-second, 
 and Fifty-third Congresses as a Republican; re- 
 signed May 1, 1894; elected mavor of Cincinnati 
 April 3, 1894. 
 
 Caldwell, John H., was born at Huntsville, 
 Ala.; received a liberal education, being a student 
 at Bacon College, Harrodsburg, Ky.; member of 
 the legislature of Alabama in 1857 and 1858; ad- 
 mitted to the bar in 1859; .electeil solicitor for the 
 tenth judicial circuit by the legislature at the ses- 
 sion of 1859 to 1860; reelected at the session of 
 1863 to 1864; dejKised by the provisional governor 
 in 1865; reelected the same winter, and in 1867 
 was removed from the office for refusing to obey 
 military orders; elected a Representative from Ala- 
 bama to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Caldwell, John William, of Rnssellville, Kv., 
 was born at Rnssellville, Logan County, Kv., 
 January 15, 1838; entered the'Confederate aniiv 
 September 20, 1861, as captain; promoted to major, 
 lieutenant-colonel, and colonel of the Ninth Ken- 
 tucky Regiment of Infantry; elected countv judge 
 of Logan County in 1866, "and reelected iii 1870; 
 
 elected to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty- 
 seventh Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Caldwell, Joseph Pearson, was born in Ire- 
 dell County, N. C, in 1808; educated at Bethany 
 Academy; studied law and commenced practice 
 at Statesville; member of the State house of 
 representatives in 1838, 1840, and 1842; elected a 
 Rejiresentative from North Carolina to the Thirty- 
 first and Thirty-second Congresses as a \\'hig, 
 serving until his death, January 3, 1853. 
 
 Caldwell, Patrick C, was born in South Caro- 
 lina; resided near Newberry; elected a Represent- 
 ative from South Carolina to the Twenty-seventh 
 Congress as a State Rights Democrat. 
 
 Caldwell, RobertP., wasbornin AdairCountv, 
 Ky., Decendier 16, 1N21; educated in the public 
 schools; studied law and conmienced practice at 
 Trenton; member of the lower branch of the gen- 
 eral assembly of Tennessee in 1847 and 1848, and 
 of the upper branch in 1855 an<l 1856; elected 
 attorney-general in the sixteenth judicial circuit 
 of Tennessee in 1858; major in the Twelfth Ten- 
 nessee Infantry of the Confederate service; elected 
 a Representative from Tennessee to the Forty- 
 second Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Caldwell, William P. , was born at Christnias- 
 ville, Tenn., November 8, 1832; received his edu- 
 cation in C'Umberland College, Kentucky; studied 
 law at Lebanon; practiced at Dresden, Tenn.; 
 member of the State house of representatives in 
 1857 and 1859; Presidential elector on the Douglas 
 ticket in 1860; delegate to the national Democratic 
 convention at New York in 186,S; electeil a Repre- 
 sentative from Tennessee to the Forty-fourth and 
 Forty-fifth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Calhoun, John, wasbornin Kentucky; received 
 a liberal education; studied law and practiced; 
 member of the State legislature in 1820 and 1821, 
 1829, and 1830; elected a Representative from 
 Kentucky to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth 
 Congresses as a Whig; moved to St. Louis in 1839, 
 where he continued the practice of law; returne<l 
 to Kentucky, and in January, 1842, was a])pointed 
 judge of the fourteentli judicial district. 
 
 Calhoun, John Caldwell, was born in Abbe- 
 ville District, S. C, March 18, 1782; educated 
 at Willington Academy and Yale College, gradu- 
 ating in 1804; studied" law; admitted to the bar 
 in 1807; began practicing at Abbeville; member 
 of the State general assembly in 1808 and 1S09; 
 elected a Representative froiii South Carolina to 
 the Twelfth Congress as a War Democrat and re- 
 elected to the Thirteenth and Fourteentli Con- 
 gresses; Secretary of War December 16, 1817, to 
 March 3, 1825; V"ice-President of the Cnited States 
 March 4, 1825, to December 28, 1832, when he re- 
 signed, having been elected United States Senator 
 to fill the vacancy made by the election of General 
 Hayne as governor of South Carolina: reelected, 
 serving from January 4, 1833, until i\hirch 3, 1843, 
 when he resigned; Secretary of State under Presi- 
 dent Tyler from JNIarch 6, 1844, to March 3, 1845; 
 again elected United States Senator from South 
 Carolina, serving from December 22, 1845, until 
 his death, at Washington, March 31, 1850. 
 
 Calhoun, John Ewing, was born in 1749; 
 graduated from Princeton College in 1774; studied 
 law, and in 1789 commenced practice at Charles- 
 ton; commissioner of confiscated estates; member 
 of the State house of representatives foi- several 
 years; elected a United Statea Senator from South 
 
4a»; 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIKKtToRY. 
 
 C'amlinu us a DiMinH-nit, serviiij; fnmi Di-ceiiilaT 
 11, ISlll. until his ili'iitli, lu-ar Fort Hill, S. V.. 
 Noveinbor ;i, 1802. 
 
 Calhoun, Joseph, was liurn in South t'arolina; 
 ili'iliil :i Hi'pnsi'nlativc from that Stati' to thi' 
 Ti'iitli anil I'.li'vonth ( 'onirrossos. 
 
 Calhoun, William B. , was honi at Boston, 
 Mass., IU'ci'imIkt L'i', ITilil: in 1S14 trraduatiMl from 
 Yale Col K'lri'; stiidit'd la« and practiccil atSprlnL'- 
 fii'lil: mcmlicr of the Siatt- lionso of ri'pri'senta- 
 tivi'.* ISL'.'i to 1S35, siTvinj; two yi'aif; as speaker; 
 I'li'cti'il as a KepresiMitativi" from .Mas.-'iu-luisetts to 
 tho Twcnty-fourtli. Twcnty-lifth, Twenty-sixth, 
 ami Twenty-seventh ( 'on):res.>ies as a Wlii;;; mem- ■ 
 iK-r of the State senate, anil its president in 1S4C 
 and 1S47; seiretary of state of .Ma.ssaihn.setts 1K4S 
 to lS.il; State hank rommi.ssioner IS.VS to IS.^5; 
 Presidential elector on the Clay and Freliniihnyi'en 
 ticket in 1S44; mayor of Sprinjitield in IS')!*; died 
 at Sprin;:lield, Miu-s., Novcndier 8, ISdo. 
 
 Calkin, Hervey C was horn at ^hilden, X. Y.. 
 March 2:!. Isi'.S; edncated in the pnhlic schools; 
 moved to New York City in IS47; employed in 
 the .Moriran Iron Works for live vears; enifajjed in 
 husiness for Idmself in ls.i2: dealer in metals, and 
 identilied himself with the shii)pin<i interests of 
 theconntry: elected a Kepresentative from Xew 
 York to the Fnrty-litvt Consrress as a Democrat. 
 
 Calkins, William H., of Ijiporte, Ind.. was 
 horn in I'ike County, Ohio, Fel)niary 18, 184L': 
 studied law: admilled to the liar and jiracticed; 
 served in the Union .Vnny from >hiy, 181)1, to 
 lJeeend)er, 18I).'), with tlie exception of ahout three 
 months in l.sii:!, lu'lontriuf: to the Fourteenth Iowa 
 Infantry ami the Twelfth Indiana Cavalry; State 
 attorney for the ninth Indiana judicial circuit 
 l,8li»WI870; member of the State house of repre- 
 R'ulatives in 1871; defeated for Conjire.ss in 1874 
 and elected to the Forty-tifth, Forty-sixth, Fortv- 
 peventh, and Forty-eifjhth ( 'on^res.«es as a Keiml)- 
 lican; ensiai^ed in the ]iraetice of law at Taeoma, 
 Wash., where he died. 
 
 Call, Jacob, a resident of Princeton, Ind., was 
 elected a Kepre.sentative from that State in jilaee 
 of William Prince, deeeiised, in the F.i^liteenth 
 Conjiress, serving from IVeemlier Si, 1824, to 
 March .!. 182.">. 
 
 Call, Richard K. , was a native of Kentucky; 
 in 1814 entered the l'. S. Army as (irst lieu- 
 tenant of the Forty-fourth Infantry; volunteer 
 aid to Major-tieneral .laekson, .\pril, 1818; in July. 
 1818, niade eaiitain. and resigned May 1, 1.822; 
 located in Florida; mendn'rof the Territorial legis- 
 lative comicil in 1.822; lirigadier-geiieral of the 
 West Florida Militia in 182o; elected a Pelegati' 
 fn>in Florida t<> the F.ighteenth Conpre.xs. 
 
 Call, Wilkinson, of .Tacksonville, Fla., was 
 liorn at Uussellville, I. oL'an County, Ky., .lanuary 
 !t, 18:14; liy profe.-vsion a lawyer; eli'cted to the 
 United States Senate after the war, hut was not 
 allowed to take his .scat; elected to the Cniteil 
 Stales Senate as a Pemocrat in the place of Simon 
 B. Conover, Heimhlican, and took his .-eat March 
 18, 187!i, serving until March 4. 1^S(7; resumed the 
 pnidice of law. 
 
 Callahan, James Yancy, wa.s horn in Dent 
 County. Mo., llcciinKir 1!'. 1.8."i2; hrouglit up on 
 the farm where he wa.- Uim; receive<l a common 
 school e<Iucation; licensed as a local mini.ster in 
 the MethiKlist Kpi.seopal Church in 1880; enpiged 
 priticipallv in farminir. sawmilliug, and uuuiug; 
 
 moved to Stanton County, Kans., In 188,i, and 
 twice eleetiil register of deeds in that county: 
 moved to Oklahoma in I.8tl2and settled on a farm: 
 electeil to the Fifty-lifth Congress hy the Populists 
 and Democrats on a friv-silver ticket. 
 
 Callis, John B., was horn in North Carolina in 
 1828; in 1841 moved to Tennessee and thence tn 
 Wisconsin; entered the Cnion .\rmyas lieutenant 
 and was promoted to the rank of hrigadier-getiend; 
 after the war moved lo Iluntsville, Ala.; declined 
 a colonel's commission in the I'. S. Army; electe<l 
 a Ri'presentative from .Maluima to the Fortieth 
 Conirress as a Uepidilican. 
 
 Calvert, Charles B. , was honi in Prince ( Jeorge 
 
 County, Md., .\ugust 24, 1.808; graduated from the 
 University of \irginia in 1827; engaged in agricul- 
 tural pursuits and became noted as a stock breeder; 
 president of the Prince (ieorge County .\gricul- 
 tural Society, and of the .Marvland State .\gri- 
 cultural Society, and viie-])resident of the United 
 States .\gricultural Society; memln'rof the Slate 
 house of representatives in 183it, 1,84:^, and 1,844; 
 elected a Representative from Maryland to the 
 Thirtv-seventh Congress as a Union Whig; died 
 near iiladensburg, Md., May 14, \sm. 
 
 Calvin, Samuel, was born at Washingtonville, 
 Pa.. .Inly l!0, 1811; by his own efforts received a 
 lil)end education; taught school and studied law; 
 admitted to the bar in 1.8:!(i and eouunenced prac- 
 tice at Hollidayslmrg. Pa.; eli'cled a Re]>re.senta- 
 livefrom Pennsylvania lothe Tbirty-lirst Congress 
 as a Whig. 
 
 Cambreleng, Churchill C was born at Wash- 
 ington, N. C., in 17.80; educaleil at Newbern, N. C. ; 
 moved to New York Citv in 1.802 where he l>e- 
 came a clerk and a leaihng merchant, establisli- 
 ing the house of Cambreleiig i^ Pearson; elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Seventeenth, 
 F.ighteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-lirst, 
 Twenty-second, Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, and 
 Twenty-tifth Congn-.sses as a DemiM-rat: defealjHl 
 for the Twenty-sixth Congress; ajipointed minis- 
 ter lo Russia bv President Van Huren. serving 
 from Mav 20, l.Md, to,Inlv l:!, l.MI; died at West 
 Neck, l.img Island, .Vpril'rW, 1,802. 
 
 Camden, Johnson N. , of Parkersburg, was 
 lK>rn in 1828 in Lewis County, W. Va. : appointed 
 a cadet to West Point in 1.840; resigned in 1,848; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar in I.8.1I: ap- 
 jHiinted the same year prosecuting attorney for 
 Braxton County, and in 18,">2 elected jirosecuting 
 attorney for Nicholas County; in 1.8.54 electiil to a 
 position in a bank; resigned in 18.'i8 ami enlertil 
 into the development of iietri>lenni and manufac- 
 turing interests at J'arkersburg, W. Va.; pix'si,lent 
 of the First National Bank of Parkersburg at its 
 organization in 1.802; yondnee of the Democratic 
 party for governor of the State in l,8(h8. and again 
 \n 1.872; delegate to the Democratic nalioiml con- 
 ventions in 1,808, 1872, and 1870; elecli-il lo the 
 United Slates Senate as a Democrat, to succi-ed 
 Frank Ilerefonl, Democrat, and took his seat 
 Mairh 4, 1881(iand served until ^larch S. 1.887; 
 again elected to the I'niled Stales Senate .lamiarv 
 24, 1.89:!, to till the vacancv canseil by the dealii 
 of John K. Kenna. and took his seat January 28. 
 18!t:!. serving until Marih ;'.. I8!l.i. 
 
 Cameron, Ang-us. was lx>rn at Caledonia, Liv- 
 ingston County, N. Y., .lulv 4, 1.820; rtM-eived an 
 academic islucation; stndie<l law at Buffalo, N. Y.. 
 and graduated from the National Ijiw School, Ball- 
 ston Spa: moved toLaCros.se, Wis,, in 1857; uiem- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 437 
 
 ber of the State !=eiiato of Wisconsin in ISOo. 1S64, 
 1871, and 1872; memherof tlie legi.-^lative ass^embly 
 of Wisconsin in 18(i(j and 1S(57, and speaker in 
 1867: niemlier of the national Repuljlioan con- 
 vention at Baltimore in 1864: reyent of the Uni- 
 versity of Wisconsin 1866-1875: elected to the 
 XTniteil States Senate as a Republican; took his 
 seat JIarch 4, 1875, and was reelected in 1881 to 
 succeed ^latthew H. Carpenter, deceased; served 
 until March 3, 1885: returned to La Crosse, Wis., 
 where he resutned the practice of law; in 1889 
 retired from business other than the care of his 
 projierty: died ilarch 30, 1897, at La Crosse, Wis. 
 
 Cameron, James Donald, of Harrisburg, Pa., 
 was born at MidiUetown. Pa., in 1833; received a 
 classical education; student at Princeton College; 
 entered the Middletown Bank as clerk, and be- 
 came its t-ashier; jiresideut of the Northern Cen- 
 tral Kaihvay Company of Pennsylvania 1866-1874: 
 Secretary of Warimder President Grant from May 
 22, 1876, to March 3, 1S77: delegate to the national 
 Republican convention at Cincinnati in 1876; 
 elected a United States Senator from Pennsylvania 
 {to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of 
 his father, Hon. Simon Cameron) in INfarch. 1877: 
 took his seat October 15, 1877, and reelected, serv- 
 ing until March 3, 1897. 
 
 Cameron, Simon, was born at Maytow n (now 
 Donegal), Lancaster County, Pa., March 8, 1799: 
 apprenticed himself to learn the art of printing; 
 was employed in tlie office of The Repulilican, in 
 HaiTisburg; editor of the Doylestown Democrat: 
 became interested in imi>ortant banking and rail- 
 road interests; ailjutant-general of Pennsylvania; 
 Secretary of War in 1861 , and organized the Union 
 armies; resigned in 1862, having been ajipointed 
 minister to Russia; elected a United States Senator 
 from Pennsylvania, serving from 1845 to 1849, and 
 reelected in 1857, but resigned in 1861: again 
 elected as a Union Republican to succeed Edgar 
 Cowan, Democrat, taking his seat in 1867; re- 
 elected in 1872; re.*igned his seat in 1877, and was 
 succeeded by his son, James Donald Cameron; 
 died in Lancaster Couirty, Pa., June 26, 1889. 
 
 Caminetti, Anthony, was born July .30, 1854, 
 at Jackson, Amador County, Cal.; educated in the 
 pulilic schools of his native county, at the gram- 
 mar school, San Francisco, and the University of 
 California; clerk in a country store fur five years; 
 read law and admitted to the bar in 1877: engaged 
 in practice at Jackson, Cal.; elected district attor- 
 ney of Amador County in 1877 for two years, re- 
 elected in 1879 for three years; elected to the State 
 assembly in 1883, declined renomination, and 
 elected to the State senate in 1886; engaged in ])rac- 
 tical fruit cidture for fourteen years; Democratic 
 alternate elector for the Second Congressional dis- 
 trict in 1880; Democratic elector in 1888; the first 
 native of California after it became a State elected 
 to Congress; elected to the Fifty-second and Fifty- 
 third Congre.«ses as a Democrat. 
 
 Camp, John H., of Lyons, X. Y., was born at 
 Ithaca. X. Y., April 14, 1840; received an academic 
 education; studied law; admitted to the barin 1860: 
 district attorney of \\'ayne County in 1867-1870: 
 elected to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty- 
 seventh Congresses as a Repulilican. 
 
 Campbell, Albert J., of Butte, ilont., was 
 born at Pcmtiac. ^lich.. December 12, 1857: edu- 
 cated at the Agricultural College, Lansing, Mich. ; 
 read law; admitted to the bar in 188f; elected 
 prosecuting attorney for Lake County, Mich., in 
 
 1886 and in 1888; resigned and moved to Mon- 
 tana Xoveraber 16, 1889; member of the legisla- 
 ture from Park County in 1897: elected to the 
 Fifty-sixth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Campbell, Alexander, was born in \'irginia in 
 1779; receiveil a liberal education; studied medi- 
 cine, and in 1785 commenced practice in Ken- 
 tucky; member of the State house of representa- 
 tives" in 1800: moved to Ripley, Ohio, in 1803; 
 member of the State hiiuse of representatives in 
 1806; elected a United States Senator from Ohio 
 in place of Edward Tittin, resigned, and took his 
 seat January 12, 1810, serving until March 3, 1813; 
 State senator 1813 to 1823; died at Ripley, Ohio, 
 X'ovember 5, 1857. 
 
 Campbell, Alexander, was born at Concord, 
 Pa., (Jctober 14, 1818; educated in the public 
 schools; clerk in an iron manufacturing establish- 
 ment; became superintendent, and continued in 
 the business of managing iron works in Pennsyl- 
 vania, Kentucky, and Missouri until 1850, when 
 he moved to Lasalle; elected mayor of Lasalle in 
 1852 and reelected in 1853; member of the State 
 legislature of Illinois in 1858 and 1859; member of 
 the State constitutional convention of Illinois in 
 1862; elected a Representative from Illinois to the 
 Forty-fourth Congress as an Independent; defeated 
 for the Fifty-fifth Congress: died in 1898. 
 
 Campbell, Felix, was born at Brooklyn, X. Y., 
 
 Fel>ruai-y 28, 1829; received a common scliool edu- 
 cation: manufacturer of iron pipe, and a consulting 
 engineer; president of the lioard of super\'isors in 
 1858; apjiointed one of the centennial commission- 
 ers by Governor Tilden in 1876; elected to the 
 Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first 
 Congresses as a Democrat; died at Brooklvn. X. Y., 
 Xc.vemlier 8, 1902. 
 
 Campbell, George Washington, was born in 
 Tennessee in 17i)8; graduated from Princeton Col- 
 lege inl794: studied lawand commenceil jiracticeat 
 Xashville; elected a Reijresentatixe from Tennes- 
 see to tlie Eighth Congress as a Democrat, and re- 
 elected to the Xinth and Tenth Congresses; elected 
 a United States Senator from Tennessee in place 
 of Jenkins Whiteside, resigned, and took his seat 
 Xovember 4, 1811, serving until February 9, 1814, 
 when he resigned; Secretary of the Treasury from 
 February 9, 1814, to October 6. 1814; again elected 
 Senator from Tennessee, serving from December 
 4. 1815, until 1818, when he resigned; minister to 
 Russia 1818 to 1821; member of the French Claims 
 Commission in 1831; died at Xashville. Tenn., 
 February 17, 1848. 
 
 Campbell, Jacob Miller, of Johnstown, Pa., 
 was born in AlleghenyTownship. Somerset County, 
 Pa., Xovember 20, 1.S21; received a common .«chool 
 education; learned the art of jjrintingin the office 
 of the Somerset Whig; engaged in steamboating 
 on the Lower ^lississippi River and its tributaries 
 from 1841 to 1S47; gold mining in California in 
 1850; aided in building the Camliria Iron ^Vorks 
 at John-stown, Pa., in 1853, and remained in the 
 employ of that company until 1861; entered the 
 military service as first lieutenant of Comiiany 
 Ct, Third Pennsylvania Volunteers in April, 1861; 
 fall of the same year recruited the Fifty-fourth Regi- 
 ment, three-years volunteei-s, and commanded it 
 as colonel; was brevetted brigadier-general June 5, 
 1864; elected surveyor-general of Pennsylvania in 
 1865 for three years and in 1868 for a like term: 
 delegate to the first Republican convention, held 
 in Philadelphia in 1856; trustee of the Penusyha- 
 
438 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL UIKKC'TOKY. 
 
 Ilia StatoC'dlli'jfe; clecteil totheForty-til'tli, Forty- 
 M'veiith, l'"orty-ei};litli,aiul Forty-ninth ConRressfs 
 as a Rt'|)iiblifan: dii-il SfjiUMnber 27, 1.S88. 
 
 Campbell, James E., waslinrii at Mi<l(lloto«n, 
 Ohio, .Inly 7, IS4.'!; .-icrvcil in the Navy (hiriii;;tlu- 
 war; iirdscciilin^' alturiu^y of nutlcr ("ounty, Oliio, 
 1S7() to ISSl); clei'ti-il to the Foily-ciiilith ('onfrrfsis 
 !L-< a IK'moi-rat, beinj; seated .liine liO, 1SS4; re- 
 elei'teil to the Forty-nintli an<l Fiftietli C'oiifirei^sesi; 
 governor of Ohio for one term; moved to New 
 York City; enjraiied in the practice of law. 
 
 Campbell, James H., Ava.-» horn in Willianis- 
 
 l)ort. Pa.. February .'^, 1,><20; iinuluated from ttie 
 ('arbj^le l.aw Sehool; admitted to tlie bar in l.'^41; 
 commenced jiractice at Fott.-sville; deU'jiate to tlie 
 national Whit; convention at Baltimore in l.'i44; 
 elected a HepR'seiitative from Pennsylvania tothe 
 Thirty-loiirtii Congress as a \Vhi{^; defeated for 
 the Thirly-lifth {'on;.'ress; clecteil to the Thirty- 
 sixth and Thirly-.seventh C"onfrre.s.-ies; defeated for 
 the Thiriy-ei;;hth t'onjrres«; appointed by I'resi- 
 ilent hiniiiln, in May, 1SI)4, minister resident to 
 Sweden, where he served until March 2!>, 1.S67; 
 appointeil minister to the Fnited States of Colom- 
 bia in lS(i7, but declined; died at AVavne, Pa., 
 April IL', lS;ri. 
 
 Campbell, James R., of Mcl^eansbon i, 111., 
 wius born in Hamilton County, 111., May 4, l.S-"):>; 
 educated at Notre Dame, Ind.; read law, and ad- 
 mitte<l to the bar by the sti]>renie court of Illinois 
 in 1S77; purcha.sed the McLeansboro Times (the 
 only DeuKK'ratic paper in tlie county) in 1S7S; 
 elected to the Illinois house of representatives in 
 1S84 and IS.^fi. to the senate in 1.S8S and ISHL'; 
 served for twelve years as a nicml)er of the judi- 
 ciary, api)ropriation, revenue, and ajxricultural 
 committees; electe<l to the Fifty-fifth Congress as 
 > Populists; 
 of the Nin 
 Infantry, and after the muster out of that re-ii- 
 ment appointed lieutenant-colonel of theThirtieth 
 Resiiment, l'. S. Volunteers, and assifrned to service 
 in the Philijiiiine Islands. 
 
 Cfempbell, John, wius born in Cliarles County, 
 Mil., ,luly 4, 17t>5; received a lilM-ral education; 
 belli several local otlices; elected a Representative 
 from Maryland as a Federalist to tlie Seventh, 
 Kishth, Ninth, Tenth, and Fleventh Conj;ressi's ; 
 judfie of the orphans' court of Charles Countv; 
 diet! at Port Tobacco, Md., .lune 23, 182.S. 
 
 Campbell, John, was born in .^outh Carolina: 
 p-,iduated from tlnSouth Carolina Colle<;e in 1819; 
 studied law and commenceil i>ractice at Hrowns- 
 ville; moved to Parna-ssus, Marlboro District; 
 elected a repi-escntative from South Carolina to 
 fhcTwcnty-lirst Cont;ress. as aState Rijrhts Whiu': 
 elected to' the Twenty-liflh Connre.-^s as a State 
 Kij;hts Democrat; reelected to the Twenty-sixth, 
 Twenty-seventh, and Tweiity-ei^'hth Congresses; 
 die<I at Parnassus, May 19, 1845. 
 
 Campbell, John G., of Prescott, .\riz., was 
 Inirn at < da^vrow, Scotland, .Tune 2.^, 1.827; came to 
 the rnitcd States in 1.S41; received a public school 
 eduiatii>n; learned thebalvin^! and confectionery 
 trades in Detroit, Mich.; went to California from 
 Ni-w York, throu^'li Mexico, in 1S49; eiipiKt-il in 
 niiiiiu);, farmiii);, ami nierciiandisinn up to 1,8.")7; 
 went tothe Republic of Chili; retunu'd to Cali- 
 fornia in \iV>9, anil remained until 1S(>:!; went to 
 the Territorvof .\rizona; elected a uummIht of the 
 council of t)ic Territorial legislature in IsiW, and 
 in 1874; county supcr\-isor of Yavaiiai County a 
 
 a I>emoirat. indoi-sed by the Populists; served in 
 the Spanish war as colonel of the Ninth Illinois 
 
 munl)er of years, and filled other jKisitions of 
 honor and trust; elected to the Forty-sixth Con- 
 st ress. 
 
 Campbell, JohnH., wju-'born in Pennsylvania; 
 studied law and afterwards practiced in Philailel- 
 phia; elected a Re|irc.sentative from Pennsylvania 
 to the Twenty-ninth Congress as a native Ameri- 
 can; resumed the iinictice of law; died at Phila- 
 delphia, .lanuary 19, IStiS. 
 
 Campbell, John P., was born in Kentucky; 
 resident of IWlleview ; mendH-r of the Slate house 
 of repiv.sentatives in 182t); elected a Re|iresentative 
 from Kentui'ky to the Tliirty-fourth Congress as a 
 National American. 
 
 Campbell, John W. , was born in Augusta 
 County, Va. ; received a liberal education; studie<l 
 law and commenced jiractice at West I'liion, Ohio; 
 held several public offices in his own countv; 
 elected a Representative from Ohio to the Fif- 
 teenth, Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and 
 Nineteenth Coiigres..ies as a Democrat; judge of the 
 I'nited States court for the district of Ohio: dit-il 
 Se])tember 24, 18:5:5. 
 
 Campbell, Lewis D., was Ihihi at Franklin. 
 Ohio, August 9, 1811; eilucateil in the fiublic 
 sdiools; apprenticed himself to learn the art of 
 Iiriiiting IS2,8-1.S{1; published a Clay Whig news- 
 l)ai>er at Hamilton. Ohio, l.*<:il-183ti; studied law 
 and comiiK'nced jiracticing at IIaiiiilti>n; electeil a 
 Kepre.sentative from Ohio to the Thirty-lirst Con- 
 gress as a Whig; reelectiil to the Thirty-.second, 
 Thirty-third, and Thirty-fourth Congres.^es; 
 claimed to have been reelecteil to the Thirty-tiflh 
 Congre.-'S, but the House gave the seat to C. L. Val- 
 landigham; served in the I'nion Army as colonel 
 of a regiment of volunteer infantry IStJl to 18l>2, 
 resigning on account of ill health; coiiimissioiKtl 
 minister to Mexico, May 4, ISlid, to .Tune 1<>, 1.S67, 
 but did not reach his post; cng-.igetl in agricultural 
 pursuits: elected to tlie Forty-second Congress as 
 a Democrat. 
 
 Campbell, Robert B., was born in South Caro- 
 lina; received a liberal education; in 1,*<99 gradu- 
 ated from .South Carolina College; elivted a Rvyt- 
 re.sentative from South Carolina to the Kighteenlh 
 Congress as a State Rights Wliig; elected to the 
 Twenty-third Congre.-s as a NuUitier in place of 
 I Thomas P. Singleton, deceased, and reelected to 
 the Twenty-fourth Congress; a|)pointed consul- 
 general at I'lalana in 1842 by President Tyler. 
 
 I Campbell, Samuel, was born at Mansfield. 
 
 Conn., and educated in the luiblic schools; nioveil 
 , to l^>lulnbu.s, N. Y.: mcmlier of the State house 
 
 of Representatives for tive vears; elected a Reprc- 
 I sentative from New York to the Seventeenth 
 ' Congress. 
 
 Campbell, Thomas Jefferson, was Iwirn in 
 Tenne.vsec in 17,"<i>; edncateil in the public schools; 
 a-ssistant inspector-general toMajor-( ieneralCoke's 
 ilivision of the East Teniies.see militia from Sep- 
 temlier 2.i, 1813, to Manli 12, 1814; Presidential 
 elector on the Harrison ticket in 1.841; elected a 
 Repre.sentative from Tennessee to the Twenty- 
 seventh Congress as a Whig, and served from 
 May 31, I,S41, to March 3, 1S43; defeated for the 
 Twenty-eighth Congress: Clerk of the House of 
 Rei)ri',<«>ntatives in the Thirtieth and Thirty-first 
 Coiigivsses, serving until his ileath at Washington, 
 D. C, Ai.ril 13, lS.iO. 
 
 Campbell, Thompson, was Ixmi in Pennsyl- 
 vania and educated in the imblic schools; moveil 
 to Galeua, 111., and became interested iu luiuiug; 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 439 
 
 elected a Representative from Illinois to tlie Thirty- 
 second Congress as a Democrat; moved to Cali- 
 fornia, where he died December 7, 1868. 
 
 Campbell, Timothy J. , of New York City, was 
 born in County Cavan, Ireland, in 1840; of Scotch- 
 Irish ancestry; came to this country when 5 years 
 old; attended the public schools in the city of >"ew 
 York; learned the printing Imsiness and worked 
 on the New York Times, Express, Tribune, and 
 Herald ; employed as a printer on the Herald when 
 nominated in 1867 for the State assembly l.iy the 
 Democi-acv of his distrii-t; elected to the assemblv 
 1868-1873; 1875, and 1883; elected justice of tlie 
 fifth district civil court in Xew York City; served 
 six years in this capacity; nominated fur State 
 senator in opposition to the Tammany candidate 
 and elected; before his term expired a vacancy 
 occurred in the Eighth Congressional district of 
 New York, by the appointment of S. S. Cox as 
 minister to Turkey, and Jlr. Campl:)ell was elected 
 to the Forty-ninth Congre.'^s to fill the vacancy; 
 reelecte<l to the Fiftieth, Fifty-second, and Fifty- 
 third Congresses; defeated for the Fifty-fourth 
 Congress. 
 
 Campbell, William B. , w as born in Tennessee; 
 received a liberal eilucation; studied law at Abing- 
 don and at ^\'inchester, Va., and practiced; elected 
 a member of the Tennessee house of representa- 
 tives in 1835; eajitain of a company in Trousdale's 
 regiment in the Florida war; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Tennessee to the Twenty-fifth Congress 
 as a Whig; reelected to the Twenty-sixth and 
 Twenty-seventh Congresses; colonel of the First 
 Tennessee Volunteers in the Mexican war; judge 
 of the fourth circuit of Tennessee after his return 
 from Jlexico; governor of Tennessee 1851-1853; 
 elected ju<lge of the circuit court in 1857; appointed 
 by President Lincoln brigadier-general of volun- 
 teers June 30, 1862; resigned January 26, 18G3, on 
 account of ill health; elected a Representative from 
 Tennessee to the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; died at Lebanon, Tenn., August 19, 1867. 
 
 Cam.pbell, William W., \\as born at Cherry 
 Valley, N. Y., June 10, 1S06; graduated from L^nion 
 College in 1827; studied law, and in 1831 com- 
 menced practice in New York City; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Xew York to the Twenty-ninth 
 Congress as a National American; justice of the 
 superior court of New York City 1849-1.855; elected 
 a judge of the State supreme court for the sixth 
 district 1857-1865; devoted a great part of his time 
 to literary work. 
 
 Canby, Richard S. , was born in Ohio, and was 
 a resident of Bellefontaine; elected a Representa- 
 tive from (.>hiii to tlie Thirtieth Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Candler, Allen, D., of Gainesville, Ga., was 
 l)orn in Lunqikin County, Ga., November 4, 1834; 
 graduated fmrn Mercer University, Ga., in 1858; 
 studied law in 1860, Ijut the war coming on never 
 practiced; successively a private, lieutenant, cap- 
 tain, lieutenant-colonel, and colonel in the Con- 
 federate army; member of the Georgia house of 
 representatives 1872-1877; member of the Georgia 
 State senate 1877-1879; manufacturer and railroad 
 president; elected to the Forty-eiglith, Forty-ninth, 
 Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses as a Democrat: 
 secretary of state for Georgia 1895-1898, resigning 
 in April, 1898; elected governor of Georgia in 
 October, 189s. 
 
 Candler, Ezekiel Samuel, jr., of Corinth, 
 Miss., was liorn at Belleville. Hamilton Comity, 
 Fla., on January 18, 1862; moved with liis parents 
 to Tishomingo County, Miss.; received a common 
 
 school education in the luka Academy at luka, 
 Miss.; atteniled the law department of the Uni- 
 versity of Mississippi at Oxford, and on June 30, 
 1881, graduated in law, receiving the degree of 
 B. L., and, having his disabiUties of minority re- 
 moved by the chancery court, at once commenced 
 the practice of law with his father at luka under 
 the firm name of Candler & Candler; chairman of 
 the Democratic executive committee of Tisho- 
 mingo County in 1884; moved to Corinth January 
 1, 1887, and actively engaged in the practice of law, 
 the firm of Candler & Candler having an office at 
 luka and also one at Corinth; member of the L">em- 
 ocratic executi\'e committee of Alcorn County; 
 elected to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Candler, John W., of Brookline, Mass., was 
 l)orn at Boston, Feljruary 10, 1828; educated at 
 !Marblehead Academy and Dummer Academy, By- 
 field, INIass. ; entered a countingroom in Ikiston m 
 1S45; merchant, and extensively engaged in ship- 
 ping and commerce with the East and "West Indies 
 and South America; member of the State house of 
 representatives in 1866; chairman of the Commis- 
 sioners of Prisons of jNIas.sachusetts; president of 
 the Boston Board of Trade and of the Commercial 
 Club of Boston; elected to the Forty-seventh and 
 Fifty-first Congresses as a Republican; interested 
 in railroads; died at Providence, R. I., March 16, 
 1903. 
 
 Candler, Milton A., was Ijorn in Camiibell 
 County, Ga., January 11, 1837; graduated from 
 the University of Georgia in 18.54; studied law, and 
 in 1856 commenced practice at Decatur, Ga. ; mem- 
 ber of the State house of representatives in 1861 
 to 1863, and of the State constitutional convention 
 in 1866 and State senate in 1868-1872; elected a 
 Representative from Georgia to the Forty-fourth 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Cannon, Frank J., of Ogden, Utah; was born 
 at Salt Lake City, Utah, January 25, 1859; grad- 
 uated from the University of Utah in 1878; printer 
 and newspaper writer; delegate to tlie Republican 
 national convention at Minneapolis in 1892; de- 
 feated for Delegate to Congress in 1S92; elected 
 Delegate to Congress in 1894; elected to the L'nited 
 States Senate January 22, 1896, and served until 
 March 3, 1899. 
 
 Cannon, George Q,., of Salt Lake City, L^tah; 
 was born at Liverpool, England, January H, 1827; 
 at an early age emigrated with his parents to the 
 UnitedStates; received a careful education; learned 
 the art of printing; editor by profession; one of 
 the first settlers of the Great ,Sait Lake Basin ; when 
 steps were taken by the people of Utah in 1862 to 
 have the Territory adndtted into the Union as a 
 State, was elected United States Senator; elected a 
 member of the legislati\'e council of Utah for 1865 
 and 1866, 1869 and 1870, and 1871 and 1872; mem- 
 lier of the board of regents of the Deseret Univer- 
 sity, and chancellor; elected in 1872 a Delegate to 
 present the constitution and memorial to Congress 
 for the admission of the Territory into the Union 
 as a State; elected to the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, 
 Forty-fifth, and Forty-sixth Congresses as a Dele- 
 gate; returned to Salt Lake City, LT tab; director of 
 the L^nion Pacific Railroad ; died at Slonterey, Cal. , 
 April 12, 1901. 
 
 Cannon, Joseph G., lawyer, of Danville, 111.; 
 was born at Guilford. N. C, May 7, 1836; State 
 attornev of Illinois. March, 1861, to December, 
 1868; elected to the Fortv-third, Fortv-fourth, 
 Fortv-fifth, Fortv-sixth, Fortv-seventh", Fortv- 
 
440 
 
 CONGRKSSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 oitrhth, Fortv-ninth, Fiftieth, Fil'tv-tiivt, Fittv- 
 third, Fifty-limrth, I'ilty-tifth, Fifty-sixtli. Fiflv- 
 si'vi'iitli, hikI Fiftv-i'ii;litli Cunjrressts as a Reimli- 
 liraii; (li'Ifatcd Inr tlu' Fifly-swond ('(Hijirt'st*; 
 rhairinan of ('Diniiiittci' <m Apprippriations in the 
 Fifly-foiiitli, Fifty-lifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty- 
 seventh ( '( iii'/resst'S. 
 
 Cannon, Marion, i>f Venliira, (al., was Ixmi 
 near Mur-janldwn, W. Va., Oetol>er ;-iU, ls:5-t; edn- 
 eate<l in a Id); silioolhuuse in a connlrv <lislrict; 
 raiseil un a farm; h^arned the lilaeksinitli's traile; 
 at the af.'e of 18 started fur California, and (hdve 
 an ox team overland; entered the mines in Nevada 
 Connly anil mined for twenty-ime yeai-s; moved 
 to Ventnni in 1874; eleeted county reei»rder of 
 Nevada Cnunty in lS6it, and served two years; 
 wlien the Farmers' Alliaiue was introduced into 
 California, joined that order; unanimously elected 
 its lirst i^tate president Novend)er 20, ISllO, an<l 
 reelected Oclnher i'2., 1891; organized tlie I'eojde's 
 Party of California Octolier 22, 1891; chosen a 
 reiiresentative to the supreme coimcil at Indian- 
 apolis Novemlier, 1891; selected by that body to 
 re])resent California in the industrial conference 
 at St. Lo\iis February 22, 1892, and chosen teni|io- 
 rary chairman over that body; chairman of the 
 California <leletration to the national convention 
 of tlie Fe.iples Party at Omaha July 4. 1892; 
 active mend)erof the Grand Lodjieof Free Ma.sons 
 for eleven years: elected to the Fifty-third Con- 
 gress as a Populist and Peniocrat. 
 
 Cannon, Newton, was born in (Juilfoiil Coun- 
 ty, N. C. ; educated in the common schools; 
 moved to Tennessee; elected a Representative from 
 Tenne.ssee to the Thirteenth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat in i>lace of Felix (irundy, resigned, and 
 reelected to the Fourteenth Congress; appointed 
 a commissioner in 1819 by Presiilent Monroe to 
 negotiate a treaty with the Chickasaw Indians; 
 elected a rejiresentative from Tennessee to the 
 Sixteenth and Seventeenth Congresses; governor 
 of Tennessee from 1835 to 18:19; died at Harpeth, 
 Tenn., September 29, 1842. 
 
 Capehart, James, of Mason County, W. Va.. 
 was born in Mason County, Va. (now West Vir- 
 ginia), March 7, 1817; ichicated at Marietta Col- 
 lege, Ohio; engaged in farming and stock breed- 
 ing; president of coimtv court of Maso?i Countv 
 1871-72 and 1880-1885'; delegate to the national 
 Democratic convention in 1888; elected to the 
 Filty-secf>nd anil Fifty-thinl Congrcwes as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Caperton, Allen Taylor, was Ixirn near I'nion, 
 Monroe County, Va. ( now West Virginia) , Novem- 
 ber 21, 1810; student at the I'niversity of \'irginia 
 and Vale College; graduated from Vale College in 
 ls:{9; studied law at Staunton, Va.. ami practiced: 
 director of the .lames River and Kanawha Canal; 
 Whig niend)erof the State house of delegates for 
 several years, and of the State senate of Virginia, 
 serving his hist term as senator from 1859 to 1860; 
 mendier of the State constitutional convention 
 of Virginia in 18fil; electe<l by the legislature of 
 Virginia a member of the Confederate States sen- 
 ate, and served until IStiS; elected to the I'niteil 
 Slates Senate from West Virginia as a Democrat 
 (or the term of 1875-1881; died at Washington, 
 D. C, July 26, 1876. 
 
 Caperton, Hugh ( father of Allen T. Ca|ierton ), 
 was iHirn in Virginia in 1780; rei-eived a lil)enil 
 education; engjigeil in agriculture; member of the 
 Virginia State house of delegJites for several years; 
 elected a l{i'pre.x<-ntative from \'irginia to the 
 
 Thirteenth Congress as a FedendisI, .serving from 
 Mav 24, 1813, to March 2, 1815; iliefl in Monroe 
 County, Va., February 9, 1847. 
 
 Capron, Adin Ballou. of Stillwater. Providence 
 County, \\. 1.. was born at Mendon, .Mass., , Ian- 
 nary 9, 1S41; cdui atcd at Wooiisoi'ket High School 
 and Westbrook Seminary, near Portland, Me.; 
 eng-.iged in milling and dealing in grain; enlisteil 
 assergeantin Second Rhode Island Infantry May, 
 1.861; promoted to sergeant-major .Inly 11,1861; 
 connnissioned lieutenant SejitemlKT, 1861, ami 
 ordereil on detached service in the ."^ignal Corps 
 Decendier, 1861; served in the Signal Corps until 
 the clo.se of the war, having been connnis-iioned 
 first lieutenant in the .'Signal Corps, t'. S. .\rmy, 
 March 3, 1863, ami receiving i)romotion to the 
 rank of captain and major by brevet; electe<l 
 representative to the general a.-^.^emblv of Rliode 
 Island in 1887, and reelected in 1.888," 18.89, 18W, 
 1891, and 1892; speaker of the house in 1.S91 and 
 1892; Republican canditlate for Congress in 1892; 
 elected tothe Fifty-lifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, 
 and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Kei)ublican. 
 
 Carey, George, was liorn in Charles County, 
 Md.; received a lilx'ral education; moved t») 
 .Vpiiling, (ia.; elected a Reiire.^entative from 
 (ieorgia to the Kighteentb Congress and reelecteil 
 to the Nineteenth Congrc-is; died in CpsonCountv, 
 (ia., June 14, 1844. 
 
 Carey, John, was born in Monongahela County, 
 Va.. April 5, 1792; moved with his parents to the 
 Northwestern Territory in 1798; worked as a tan- 
 ner with his father until 1812; a..-sisteil in build- 
 ing the first stone house in Columbus, Ohio, in 
 18:54; as,-iociate judge 1.825-18:52; member of the 
 State house of reiirc-^entatives in 1828, 1,836, and 
 1843; elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
 Thirty-sixth Congre.-'s as a Repul)lican; after his 
 retirement from Congre,ss engaged in agricultural 
 j)Ui-suits. 
 
 Carey, Joseph M., of Cheyenne, Wyo., was 
 born in Su.-sex County, Del., January 19, 1.845; 
 received a connnon school education, ami attcmied 
 Fort Ivhvard Collegiate Institute an.l I'nion Col- 
 lege, New York; studied law at Philadelphia, and 
 was admitted to the bar in 1867, graduating the 
 Simie year at the law department of the I'niver- 
 sity of Pennsylvania; engageil in stock growing; 
 president of the Wyoming .S|ock-(irowei's' A.^^so- 
 ciation; appointed I'nited Slates attorney for the 
 Territory of Wyoudng on the organization of the 
 Territory in 1869; resigned this ollice in 1871, on 
 his appointment as an a..<sociate justiie of the 
 supreme court of Wyoming, which ollice he helil 
 until 1><76; member of the Cnited Slates Centen- 
 nial Conuuis-iion 1872-1876; niavor of Cheyenne 
 1881-1885; eleited Delegate to "the Forty-ninth, 
 Fiftieth, and Fifty-lirst Congre.'ses as a Reinil)- 
 lii'an; elected to the I'nited States Senate Novem- 
 lier 15, 1.890, and took Ills seal Decendier I, 18JK), 
 serving mitil March 3, 1895. 
 
 Carleton, Ezra C, of Port Huron. Mich., was 
 Imrnat.'^t. Clair, Mich., Septendierti, 1.SJ8; gradu- 
 ateil from the Port Huron High .*>chool; hanlware 
 merchant; mayorof Port Huron in 1.881: chairman 
 of the Port Huron fire relief commis-ion in 1881; 
 elected to the Forty-eighth Congre.ss as a Demo- 
 crat, anil reelected to the Forty-ninth Congre.-*;. 
 
 I Carlile, John S., was born at Winchester,' 
 
 I Va., December li>, 1817: reci'ived a limited educa- 
 
 [ lii>n: engageil in mercantile pursuits; studied law 
 
 I and commenced practice in 1.842 at Bexerly, Va.; 
 
 ' member of the .'<tute senate l-'<47-ls5I: delegate 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 441 
 
 to the State constitutional convention of 1850: 
 elected a Representative from Virginia to the 
 Thirty-fourth t'ongrei?s as a Unionist; elected to 
 the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving from July 4, 
 1861, until July 13, 1861, when he resigned, hav- 
 ing been elected to the United States .Senate in 
 pl&ce of R. M. T. Hunter, withdrawn; died at 
 Clarksburg, W. Va., October 24, 1878. 
 
 Carlisle, Joliii Griffin, of Covington, Ky., was 
 born in Campbell ( Kenton I County, Ky., Septem- 
 ber 5, IS3.5; rei'eived a common school education; 
 taught school in the cnunty and afterwards in 
 Covington; studied law; admitted to the bar in 
 March, 1858; mend^er of the State house of rep- 
 resentatives 1859-1861; elected to the State senate 
 in 1866 and reelected in .\ugust, 1869; delegate at 
 large from the State of Kentucky to the Demo- 
 cratic national convention at Xew York in July, 
 1868; nominated for lieutenant-governor of Ken- 
 tucky in ilay, 1871. and elected in August cjf same 
 year, serving until September, 1875; alternate 
 Presidential elector for the State at large in 1876; 
 elected to the Forty-tifth, Forty-sixth, Forty- 
 seventh, Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and 
 Fifty-first Congresses; elected Speaker of the House 
 of Representatix'es in the Forty eighth, F''orty- 
 ninth, and Fiftieth Congresses; resigned May 26, 
 1890, to become United States Senator, filling the 
 unex]nred term of James B. Beck, deceased, tak- 
 ing his seat ^lav 26, 1890; resigned February 4, 
 1893; Secretary of the Treasury 1893-1897; moved 
 to New York City and practiced law. 
 
 Carlton, Henry Hull, of Athens, Ga., was 
 born at Athens, Ca., May 14, 1835; received a 
 commim school and university educaticm; gradu- 
 ated in medicine and surgery from Jefferson Med- 
 ical College, Philadelphia, in 1857, and practiced 
 till 1872; elected a representative to the general 
 assenil)ly of Georgia in 1872, and reelected till 
 1877; speaker pro tempore and chairman of 
 finance committee; State senator 1884-85, and 
 president of the senate; editor and jiroprietor of 
 tht Athens Banner( Banner- ^yatchmau) until 1880, 
 w'hen he commenced the jiractice of law; city at- 
 torney of Athens; four years in the Confederate 
 army, imder Gen. R. F.. Lee, holding the ranks of 
 lieutenant, captain, and major of artillery; elected 
 to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses as a 
 Democrat; elected to the State legislature. 
 
 Carlton, Peter, was born in New Hampshire 
 and educated in the pulilic schools; elected a 
 Representative from New Hampshire totheTentli 
 Congress, serving from Tlctober 26, 1807, to March 
 3, 1809. 
 
 Carmack, Edward Ward, of 3Iemphis, Tenn., 
 was I lorn near Castalian Sjirings, Sumner County, 
 Tenn., Novemlier 5, 1858; received an academic 
 education; studied law and began practicing at 
 Columliia, Tenn.; elected to the legislature as a 
 Democrat in 1884; joined the editorial staff of tlie 
 Nashville American in 1886; founded the Nash- 
 ville Democrat in 1888; afterwards became editor 
 in chief of the Nashville American when the 
 Democrat was merged into that paper; became 
 editor of the Memphis Connuercial in 1892; dele- 
 gate for the State at large to the Democratic 
 national convention in 1896; elected to the Fifty- 
 fifth and Fifty-sixth Congresses; elected to the 
 I'nited States Senate to succeed Thomas B. Turley, 
 Democrat, who declined to stand for reelection, 
 and took his seat IMarch 4, 1901. 
 
 Carmicliael, Richard B. , was a native of Jlary- 
 land, graduated from Princeton College in 1828; 
 
 studied law and practiced at Centerville: elected 
 a Representative from Maryland to the Twenty- 
 third Congress as a Jack.son Democrat; presiding 
 judge of tlie county court of Queen Anne Countv 
 in 1861. 
 
 Carniichael, William, was born in ^laryland; 
 received a liberal education; went to Paris in No- 
 vember, 1777, as secretary to the conuuissioners of 
 the American States; Delegate from Maryland to 
 the Continental Congress from 1778 to 1780; in Sep- 
 tember, 1779, went to Spain as secretary of lega- 
 tion; appointed charge d'affaires April 20, 1790, 
 and servefl until !May, 1794; in 1792 tried to nego- 
 tiate (jointly with William Short) a treaty with 
 Siiain concerning the fi'ee navigation of the Mis- 
 sissippi River; died in Maryland, February, 1795. 
 
 Games, Thomas P. , was Ijorn in ^laryland in 
 1762; received a liberal education; studied law and 
 commenced practice atMilledgeville, Ga. ; solicitor- 
 general and subse<juently attorney-general of 
 Georgia; judge of the supreme court of (ieorgia; 
 elected a Representative from tieorgia to the Third 
 Congress; died at Milledgeville, Ga., May 5, 1822. 
 
 Carpenter, Cyrus Clay, of Fort Dcxlge, Iowa, 
 was born at Hartfonl, Sus(|uehanna County, Pa., 
 November 24, 1.S29; educated in the common 
 schools and attended an academy at Hartford a 
 few months; after going to Iowa in 1854 engaged 
 in land surveying, devoting a portion of the time 
 from 1856 to 1860 to the study of laAv; officer in 
 the Union Army during the civil war, serving as 
 captain, lieutenant-colonel, and was mustered out 
 a brevet colonel; elected to the legislature of Iowa 
 in 1857; elected register of tlie State land office 
 in 1866 and 1868; elected governor in 1871 and 
 1873; appointed Second Comptroller of the Treas- 
 ury January, 1876, Vjy President tn-ant, and re- 
 signed Sejitember, 1877; appointed railroad com- 
 missioner of Iowa in April, 1878; resigned the 
 following August, being nominated for Congress; 
 elected to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Con- 
 gresses as a Republican. 
 
 Carpenter, Davis, was born at \\'alpole. N. H., 
 Decenilier 25, 1799; received a lilieral education; 
 studied medicine: graduated from ^liddlebury Col- 
 lege in 1824 and commenced practice at Brockport, 
 N. Y.; elected a Representative from New York 
 to the Thirty-third Congress as a \\'hig ( in place 
 of A. Boody, resigned); defeated for the Thirty- 
 fourth Congress; resumed the practice of medicine 
 at Brockport, N. Y. 
 
 Carpenter, Levi D., was born in (tneida 
 County, N. Y.; educated in the public schools; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Twenty-eighth Congress (in place of Samuel 
 Beardsley, resigned) as a Hard Democrat, serving 
 from Decendier 2, 1844, to March 3, 1845. 
 
 Carpenter, Lewis Cass, was liorn at Putnam, 
 Conn., February 20, 1836; educated in the public 
 schools; moved to New Jersey, wliere he taught 
 school and studied law; at an early age began 
 writing for the press, and was connected with the 
 New York papers for several years; mo^•ed to 
 Washington, D. C., in 1.864, and was employed in 
 the Treasury Dejiartment; also AVashington cor- 
 respondent for several newspapers; assisted in 
 establishing the first Republican daily paper in 
 South Carolina in 1868, known as the Charleston 
 Republican; moved to Charleston in 1870 and 
 became an editor; established the Daily Union; 
 elected a Representati\e from South Carolina to 
 the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, in place 
 of Robert B. Elliott, resigned. 
 
442 
 
 CONORKSSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 Carpenter, Matthew H., of Milwaukee Wis., 
 \va.-* Iinrii at Mnn'towii, Vt., in ISL'4; t-ntori'ii the 
 Military Aoaileiny at Went I'oiut in 1S43, ami 
 ivmaiiietl two veal's; .stuclie<l law with Hiiliii* 
 Choati', an<l ailniittcd to the har; nmveil to Wis- 
 coiisin in IS-IS. ami entered uixm the practice of 
 his iirofes.-'ion; elected to the I'nitcd Stales Senate 
 a.'' a liepnliliian in place of .lames K. Poolittle, 
 and served from March 4, IStiW, to March S, 1.S7.5; 
 practiced law at Wa-shington and at Milwaukee; 
 Ufiain elected to the United Slates Senate as a 
 Kepuhliean in place of Tiniothv O. Howe, and 
 took his seat >rareh 18, 1879; died in the city of 
 Washinixton, Fehniary 24, 1881. 
 
 Carr, Francis, was born in Ma.ssachnsett8 in 
 17.V_'; ediicateil in the public schools; nieinl)er of 
 the State house of representatives 181)0-1811; 
 elected a Representative from Ma.-sachusetts to 
 the Twelfth t'on}:res,s as a IVmoci-at in place of B. 
 Gannett, resi;;ned, servinj; from .June 'A, 1812, to 
 March :i. 181;^; liied October 7, 1821. 
 
 Carr, James, was born in Maine district of Mas- 
 Sinhusetts: member of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives l.'<0(>-1811; electeil a Rejire.-'entative 
 from Massachusetts to the Fourteenth Oon<;ress; 
 died at Baniror, Me. 
 
 Carr, Jolin, a resident of Charlestown, Clark 
 Countv, Ind., was electe<l a Repre.sentiitive from 
 Indiana to the Twenty-second Conjrress as a Dem- 
 ocrat and reelected to the Twenty-third and 
 Twenty-fourth Congresses; defeated for the 
 Twenty-lifth Congre-ss; elected to the Twenty- 
 sixth t'oiifrress; died at Charlestown, Ind., .Janu- 
 ary 20. 184.'S. 
 
 Carrington, Edward, was Ijorn in \'irf;inia 
 Februarv 11. 174ii; received a liberal education; 
 served in the Revolutionary .\rmy in the Ijuarter- 
 niaster's Dejiartnient; Delegate from Virginia to 
 the Continental Congress 178.'j-.S(i; died at Rich- 
 mond, Va.. f)ctoI)er28, 1810. 
 
 Carroll, Charles, was born at Annaixilis, Md., 
 Septenilier 20, 17M7; educated at the College of St. 
 Oiuer, in France; stmlied the civil law at the Col- 
 lege of Lonis-le-Grand at Rheims, and the com- 
 mon law at the Temple at Ijindon; relurneil to 
 Baltimore in 171)4; Continental commissioner to 
 Canada in 177l>, but failed to induce the Canadians 
 to join the other jirovinccs; delegate to the consti- 
 tutional convention of Maryland; Delegate from 
 Marvland to the Continenial Congress, serving 
 frcini .lulv 18, 177<) to 1778, when lie resigned, 
 having l)een elected to tlie State senate; signer of 
 the Declaration of Imlei)endeiice; electeil a Sena- 
 tor from Maryland to the First Congre.-s as a Fed- 
 eralist, for two years; reappointed, but ri'sigued in 
 17!I2; nu'mlier of the Stale senate of Maryland 
 from 17',ll until ISOl, when he retired to private 
 life; laid the i-oriier stone of the JSalliiuore and 
 (thio Iviiilroad .luly 4, 1828; die<l at Baltimore 
 November 14, l,s:{2. 
 
 Carroll, Charles H., wa.s iMirn in Maryland, 
 June 7, 17514; moved to thetieiuwe Valley, New- 
 York; received a liberal education; stuilieil law, 
 but never )iracticed; devoted a greater part of his 
 time to the management of his large lamled estates; 
 ineml>er of the Stale house of repre.'^entalives in 
 ls.'{ii, and of the Slate senate in l.s:{7; ele<-led a 
 Representative from New York to the Twenty- 
 eighth Congress as a Ileury Clay Whig, and re- 
 elected to Ihe Twenty-ninth Congress; Presiden- 
 tial elector on the I-"illmore and Donel.soii ticket 
 in 18.111, and on the Bell and Kverett ticket in 1800; 
 died at Grovelaud, N. Y., .June 8, 180.5. 
 
 Carroll, Daniel, was born in Prince George 
 County, Md., in 17.'>0; received a lilieral e<lucation; 
 devoteil him.self to agricultural |iui-suits; Delegate 
 from Maryland to the Continenial Congress 1780 to 
 1784; ilelegate to the convention which framed the 
 Federal Constitution; elecle<l a Representative 
 from Maryland to the Fii-st Congress as a Fe<leral- 
 ist; took an active jiart in seiiiring the establish- 
 ment of the .seat of government; appointed by 
 President Washington, in 17!n, one of the com- 
 nii.ssionere to locate the District of Columbia and 
 the Federal citv; died at Washington, D. C, in 
 1829. 
 
 Carroll, James, was l>orn at Baltimore, Md.; 
 receiveil a liberal education; elected a Represent- 
 ative from Maryland to the Twenty-sixth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat. 
 
 Carroll, John M. , was born at .Springfield, 
 N. Y., .\]>ril 27, 182."); graduated from l'ni<in Col- 
 lege, Schenectady, N. Y., in ls4i); stmlieil law and 
 in 1848 admitted to the bar, afterwards practicing 
 at Johnstown; elected district attorney of Fulton 
 County in 18.")H, which position he held for three 
 years; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Carson, Samuel P. , was born at Pleasant Ciar- 
 den, N. C. ; member of the State senate of North 
 Carolina in 1822 and 1824; elected a Repre-senta- 
 tive to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses', 
 defeating R. B. Vance: reelected to the Twenty- 
 lirst and Twenty-second Congre.s-ses without oppo- 
 sition: after his retirement from Congress moved 
 to .Vrkansa.?, where he dieil at the Hot Sj)rings in 
 November, 1840. 
 
 Carter, John, was born on Black River, Sum- 
 ter District, South Carolina, Septeml)er 11, 1792; 
 graduated from the South Carolina College in 1811; 
 sturiied law and commenced ]>ractiee at Camden; 
 elected a Representative from South Carolina to 
 the .Seventeenth Congress in the )>lace of James 
 Blair, resigned: reelected to the Kighteenth. Nine- 
 teenth, and Twentii'th Congresses; resumed the 
 practice of law at Camden; moved to Georgetown, 
 D. C, in 1.S.50, where he died June 20, 18.50. 
 
 Carter, Luther C, was lx)rn at Bethel, Me., 
 February 2.5, l.'<0.5: received a lil>eral education; 
 moved to New York and engaged in mercantile 
 ))ursuits; member of the board of edmation of 
 New York City for several years; retired from busi- 
 ness ami moved to Long Island, where he In^canie 
 intere.sted in agriculture: elected a Re|)resentative 
 from New York to the Thirty-sixth Congress as a 
 L'nioii Republican ; defeated f'orthe Thirty-seventh 
 Congress. 
 
 Carter, Thomas Henry, of Helena, Mont., 
 was l«irn in Scioto Counly, < iliio, OcIoIxt .'lO, 18.54; 
 rei-eived a common sihool education in the State 
 of Illinois; engage<l in farming, railroading, and 
 school-leaching for a number of years; studied 
 law, anil was admitted to the bar; elected Dele- 
 gate to the Fifly-lirst Congress as a Republican 
 from the Territory of Montana; noniinateil by 
 the Republicans in their first State convention, 
 and elected to the Kiftv-lirst Congress; Conimis- 
 .sioner of the (ieneral Lind ( Ulice from .March, 
 1891. to July. }S>y2: elected lo the rnile.1 Slates 
 Senate by the legislature of Montana in .January, 
 189.5, for the term iH'giniiing March 4, 1.S9.5, and 
 ending March :i. 1901; elected chairnuui of Ihe 
 Republican national conimittee in .Inly, 1892; 
 ap|MiiiitiHl riiited States Commissiouer to the St. 
 Louis Ex|)i)sition, March 0, 1901. 
 
BIOGKAPHISS. 
 
 443 
 
 Carter, Timothy J., was born in the Jlainc 
 district uf ^Massachusetts; receiveil a hlieral edu- 
 cation; studied law, and afterwards practiced at 
 Paris, Me. ; secretary of the State senate of IMaine 
 in 1833; county attorney 1833 to 1837; elected a 
 Kepresentatix'e from Maine to the Twenty-tifth 
 Congress as a Democrat, serving from September 
 4, 1837, until his death, at Washington, D. C, 
 March 14, 1838. 
 
 Carter, William B., was born in Tennessee in 
 1812; educatcil in the i)ul)lic scliools; engaged in 
 agricultural and mercantile pursuits; niendjer of 
 the State legislature of Tennessee, serving in iDOth 
 houses; delegate to the State con.stitutional con- 
 vention of 1834 and its presiding oflicer; elected a 
 Representative from Tennessee to the Twenty- 
 fourth Congress as a Whig, and reelected to the 
 Twentv-tifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses; died 
 at Elizabethtown, Tenn., April 17, 1848. 
 
 Cartter, David K. , was born in New York; 
 received a liljeral e<lucatio:i; studied law and 
 afterwards practice<l at Massillon, Ohio; elected a 
 Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-first Con- 
 gress as a Democrat and reelected to the Thirty- 
 second Congress; appointed minister to Bolivia 
 by President Lincoln, serving from March 27, 
 1861, to March 10, 1862; appointed chief justice of 
 the su]>reme court of the District of Colundjia in 
 1863; died at Washington, D. C, April 16, 1887. 
 
 Caruth, Asher Graham, of Louisville, Ky., 
 was born at Scottsville, Allen County, Ky., Feb- 
 ruary 7, 1844; attended the jiublic schools of Phil- 
 adelphia, Pa., and graduated from the Male High 
 School of Louisville in June, 1864; graduated from 
 the law department of the University of Louisville 
 ]\Iarch, 1866; Presidential elector in 1876; attor- 
 ney of the boanl of trustees of the public schools 
 of Louisville from 1873 until 1880; elected Com- 
 monwealth attorney for the ninth judicial district 
 of Kentucky in 18S0 for six years, and reelecte<l in 
 August, 1886; resigned the office in March, 1887; 
 elected to the Fiftieth Congress as a Democrat; 
 reelected to the Fifty-fir.st, Fifty-second, and 
 Fifty-third Congresses ; resumed the practice of law. 
 
 Caruthers. Kobert L., was born in Smith 
 County, Tenn., .luly 31, 1800; received a liberal 
 education; clerk in a store; studied law and in 
 1823 was admitted to the bar; clerk of the State 
 house of representatives in 1824; clerk of the 
 chancery court of Smith County and editor of a 
 newspaper there; moved to Wilson Countv in 
 1826; State attorney 1827 to 18.32; member of the 
 Tennessee house of representatives in 183.5; Presi- 
 dential elector on the Clay and Frelinghuysen 
 ticket in 1844: elected a Representative from Ten- 
 nessee to the Twentv-seventh Congress as a Whig, 
 serWng from :\ray 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; ap- 
 pointed judge of the supreme court of Tennessee 
 in 18.')2; delegate from Tennessee to the peace 
 convention of 1860. 
 
 Caruthers, Samuel, was born in Madison 
 County, Mo., October 13, 1820; graduated from 
 Clinton College. Tennessee; studied law, com- 
 menced practice at Fredericktown, subsequently 
 moving to (iirardeau, ^lo. ; held several local 
 offices; elected a Representative from ili.ssouri to 
 the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses as 
 a Whig; reelected to the Thirty-tifth Congress as 
 a Democrat; died at Cape Girardeau, Mo., Julv 20, 
 1860. 
 
 Gary, George B., was born near Petersburg, 
 A'a., in l.sll; received a liberal education; elected 
 a Representative from Virginia to the Twenty- 
 
 seventh Congress as a Democrat, serving from Mav 
 31, 1.S41, to March 3, 1843; died at Bethlehem, Va.", 
 .March 5, 1850. 
 
 Gary, Jeremiah E., was born at Coventry, 
 R. I., April 30, 1803; educated inthepublicschools; 
 moved to the State of Xew York; studied law and 
 in 1829 commenced jiractice; elected a Represent- 
 ative from New York to the Twenty-eighth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; moved to New York City, 
 where he continued the practice of law. 
 
 Gary, Samuel F., was born at Cincinnati, < )hici, 
 February 18, 1814; gra<luated from the .Miami 
 University of C)hio and from the Cincinnati Law 
 School; practiced law until 184.5, when he devoted 
 himself to agricultural pursuits; was a delegate to 
 the Repidjlican national convention in 1864 which 
 nominated .\braham Lincoln for President; nomi- 
 natefl in 1876 for the Vice-Presidency with Peter 
 Cooper, the Greenliack candidate for Presi<lent; 
 elected a Representative to the Fortieth Congressas 
 a Re])ublican; ran for lieutenant-governor of Ohio 
 in 1875; died at Cincinnati, Ohio, October 1, 1900. 
 
 Gary, Shepard, was born in Maine and 
 educated in the public schools; engaged in agricul- 
 tural and mercantile pursuits; member of the 
 State house of representatives in 1832, 1833, 1839, 
 1840, 18'41, 1842, and 1.843; Presidential elector 
 on the Van Buren and Johnson ticket in 1836; 
 elected a Representative from Maine to theTwenty- 
 eighth Congress as a Democrat, serving from Mav 
 lO; 1844 to March 3, 1845; died at Houlton, 3Ie.", 
 August 12, 1866. 
 
 Case, Charles, was born at .Vustinburg, Ohio, 
 December 2), 1817; received a liberal education; 
 studieil law and afterwards practiced at Fort 
 Wayne, Ind.; elected a Representative from 
 Indiana to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican (to fill a vacancy caused by the deatli of 
 Samuel Brenton); reelected to the Thirty-sixth 
 Congress. 
 
 Case, Walter, was born in Dutchess County, 
 X. Y. ; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Sixteenth Congress; died at Newburgh, N. Y. 
 
 Casey, Joseph, was born in Maryland and lib- 
 erally educateil; studied law, afterwards practicing 
 at New Berlin, Pa.; elected a Representative to 
 the Thirty-first Congress as a Whig; in 1863 ap- 
 pointed by President Lincoln a judge of the Court 
 of Claims. 
 
 Casey, Levi, served in the Revolutionary war; 
 elected biigadier-general of militia; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from South Carolina to the Eighth and 
 Ninth Congresses, serving from October 17, 1803, 
 until his death, at AVashiugtou, D. C, Februarv 1, 
 1807. 
 
 Casey, Lyman R. , of Jamestown, N. Dak., 
 was Ixirn at York, Livingston County, N. Y., 1837; 
 when ver}- young moved with his parents to 
 Ypsilanti, Mich.; prepared for Ann .\rbor Uni- 
 versity, but never entered; in the hardware busi- 
 ness for man}- years; after he retired from business 
 he went to Europe and traveled, and studied for 
 five years; became a student of foreign affairs and 
 an accomplished linguist; settled in Dakota in 
 1882, at Carrington, Foster County, vi^here he oper- 
 ated a farm; secretary and general manager of the 
 Casey-Carrington Land Company; chairman of 
 the North Dakota committee on irrigation; com- 
 missioner of Foster County; elected to the United 
 .States Senate as a Republican November 21, 1889; 
 took his seat December 4. 1889; term expired 
 March 3, 1893. 
 
444 
 
 CONOKKSSIOXA L UIKKCTOKY 
 
 Casey, Samuel L., was born in Union County. 
 Ky.: ixMciviil a lilieml whicatinn; stuilieil law, 
 aficrwaiils )iiailiriM;.'at Casoyvillr; (liMltMl a Ui'p- 
 ivscntativo fnun Kiiitucky to llic Tliirly-rievonlh 
 Congress. 
 
 Casey, Zadok, wa." Ixnii in (it'orfria in 17iMi; 
 in<i\i-(l In lllinnis ami I'dUiiiliil tlic town nf Ca.scy- 
 villc; I'lfilril a UtpiVficntatiM' I'lom lllinoisto tin' 
 Twk-nlv-tliird Conpivss a." a .lack^^nii I><'iiiiural ; 
 nH-li'il"cil to tlic Twt'nty-tonith, Twciity-lifth. 
 Twenty-sixth, iind Twonty-scvi'iith Conf;ri's«»'.-i; 
 cloctfil li(iiti'nanl-;:iiveniiir iif lllinnis; clcK-;wH'ti> 
 • ho State constitutional lonvt-ntion; ilieil at Casf\ - 
 ville, 111., in l.SliL'. 
 
 Caskie, John S.. was h(irn at Kichniond, Va. • 
 L'lailiiatcil I'nini tin' Cniversity nf Vir;.'inia: stuilit'(l 
 law ami praitiitMl at Kii'lnmiml; imiseciit in;; attor- 
 ney; jnilfie of the KichiMdiul and llenricu eireiiit; 
 elei'teil a Reiiresentative frcun Vii-i;inia to the 
 Tliirty-sei'ond Congress as a l>eni(iirat; recli'Cted 
 to the Thirty-third, Thirty-fonrth, and Tliirty- 
 lil'tli Conjjresses; defi'ateil lor the Thirtv-sixth 
 Con^re.-is; resumed the jiraitiee ot law; ilied at 
 Hiehnumd, Va., DeceinlKT 1(>, 1869. 
 
 Cason, Thomas J., was born in Union County, 
 Ind.. .Splendur K'., ISL'.S; received his education 
 at home and in the eonunou schools; s\>ent his 
 early lite on a farm; taujiht school and studied 
 law; adnntte<l to the bar in March, lH.'iO; in May. 
 1S.VJ, was admitted to the barof thesuiireme court 
 and continued to jiracticeat Lebanon, except when 
 on the bencli; member of the State house of rep- 
 resentatives l.S(>l-lSm, ami of the State .senate 
 l.Sii4-18t)7; in April, ISii", appointed by ( ioveruor 
 Haker eonunou pleas juil^re. serving' ir.itil ( iitoher, 
 when he was elected ti> the same ollice lor a term 
 of four years; elei'ted a Kepreseutative from Indi- 
 ana ti> the Korty-third and Korty-fourth ( 'oiiirresses 
 as a Kejiublican. 
 
 Cass, Lewis, was born at Kxeter, X. H..< Ictober 
 9, 17S1'; received a lilx'ral education; when 17 
 years of aire crosseil the Allegheny Moimtaius on 
 foot to Ohio; studied law, afterwards practici:;^' at 
 Ziuiesville; member of the Ohio hou.se of repre- 
 sentatives; United .States marshal for the ilislrict 
 of Ohio 1807-lSl:i; colonel of the Third Ohio 
 N'olunteers; appointed colonel of the Twentieth 
 U. S. Infantry in February. ISl.",, and promoted to 
 the rank of brisrailier-ueneral March IL'. b'^l.S: 
 governor of Miclii-iau Territory bSbi-ls:!!; ap- 
 pointed by Presiilent .lacksoii Secretary of War, 
 serving fr('im l.s:}l-bs;{t); from October 24, l.ssti. to 
 Novendier 12, 1.S42, minister to France; eleited a 
 United State.s ■Senator from Miehiirau as a I'emo- 
 crat, servin;; from December 1, l.S4.i, mitil May 29. 
 1,S4.'<. when be resi'_'ued; in 1S4.S defeateil a.s the 
 lleinocratic candidate for President; suiiseipn'mly 
 elected Senator to till the vacani-y occasioned by 
 his own resitrnalion, servinj.' from.lanuary -'(t, 1S49. 
 to March ;{, 1S.">7; Seiietary of State >mder I'resi- 
 dent Itui'hanan from March 4. l.s.")7, until IVcem- 
 ber 17, iSlV). when he resipneil; retired to Detroit, 
 Miih., where he ilied .lime 17, l.'^ili. 
 
 Cassedy, George, was born in Beruen County, 
 N. .1., May 14, 17S4; elected a Kepre.'^enlative from 
 New .lersey to tin- .Seventeenth, Kiirhteenth, ami 
 Nineteenth Con^rresses; died at Ilacken.sack, N. .1. 
 
 Cassel, Henry Burd, of Marietta, Ijincaster 
 v'nunty, l*a., wits iHirn at Marietta, OcIoIhtIO, 1,'Wi, 
 and after pas-sim; throui;h the publii- schools of 
 Marietta finished his e<lucation at the Columbia 
 Classical Institute; bei-ame inten'?te<l in politics 
 at an early ;l^^•; meuilKT of the I'ounty connuittce 
 
 in l.s.si; chairman of the ponnty committoc in 
 l.S9:>; deles:ate to the national Kepublican conven- 
 tion in St. Louis in l.S9ti; in l.S9,S electeil to the 
 lower house of the State letrislature, where his 
 father had served (ifty-niue yi^ars before; reelecte<l 
 in 19(111; served as meudier of tlu' committees of 
 the judiciary, ways and means, and publii' build- 
 iuj.'s; wliolesale and retail lumber deali-r; ilirector 
 or stockholder in a uund)er of tompanies; elected 
 to the l-'ifty-si'venlh Connrc-'s to till the vacancy 
 caused by the ileath of lion. Marriott lirosius, anil 
 reelected to the Fifty-ei);litli Confire.ss. 
 
 Casserly, Eugene, was born in Ireland in 
 1S22: emiu'rated with his parents to New York 
 when quite youujj; his father Winti a teacher, re- 
 ceiveil an excellent eilucatiou; pnnluated from 
 (ieorjietown Collef.'e, Distrii't of Colundiia; stn<lied 
 law, ami in 1S44 was admitted tolhe bar; <'orpora- 
 tion attorney in New York City KS4ti— J7; in 1H50 
 moved to California and located at .Sm Francisco; 
 connected with the prc-^s for about live years'; 
 practiceil law from lH.il until Noveudier, 1S68; 
 elected a United .states Senator from California as 
 a I'euiocnit to succeeil .John Comiess. Rejiubliean, 
 and served from March 4, l.Sli9, until November 2{t, 
 187:?, when he resigned; resumed the ]iractice of 
 law at San Francisco; died in San Francisco June 
 14, iss:!. 
 
 Cassidy, George Williams, of Kureka. Ncv., 
 was born in BourlMui County, Ky., .\pril 2.i, l.s,3(i; 
 educated in the free schools and by a private 
 tutor; journalist; eleited to the Staie senate in 
 1872 for four years; reelected in ls7t>; president of 
 the senate for the session of l.S7(i; elected to the 
 Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Conu'icsses as a 
 Democrat; appointed national-bank examiner for 
 Nevada, Utah, California, and Colorado by Presi- 
 dent Cleveland; nominated for Conirress bv the 
 Silver Party in 1.S92, but died .June 24, 1892.' 
 
 Cassingham, John ■W.,< if Coshocton. < thio, was 
 born there .Imie 22. 1S40, and receiveil his tnluca- 
 tion in the public schools; deputy treasurer of his 
 county l,S.=)7-l,Sl)8; county auditor 1880-1887; en- 
 trajiedinnu'rcaulileandcoal-mininnoperatious.aud 
 in the manul'acture of ]iaper; trustee of the public 
 library; member of the l><>ard of iHlucation: ]iresi- 
 deut of the Coshocton Board of Trade; director 
 and vice-presiiieut of the Conuuercial Pankinj; 
 Couipmiy; trustee of West l^fayette Colle^ie; in- 
 vested in farm i>roperty; clelejrate to the national 
 Itemocratic couventiou at Chicago in l.'<9ti; electeil 
 to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Coniiresses 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Castle, Curtis Harvey, of Merced, Cal., was 
 bornOctolier4. l.'^48.iu Kuox County. 111.; atteinle<l 
 Knox Cidlege, tialesbnrg. 111., throuuli sophnniore 
 year, when he transferriHl to Northwestern Uni- 
 versity, at F.vanston, 111.; graduated in 1.S72 with 
 the ilegree of 15. A.; receivi-d the degrtH- of .\. .M. ; 
 employed as a ti'acher for four yeai-s; stndiiil 
 medicine an.l graduated in 1878 from (.'ollege of 
 Physicians and Surgeons. Keokuk, Iowa; mem- 
 lH>r of the .\mericau .\cademy of Medicine; chair- 
 man of the Populist executive conunittee of his 
 county and member of the State executive com- 
 mittee; elected to the Fifty-lifth Congress as the 
 fusion candiilate of the Populist aiul Democratic 
 parties. 
 
 Castle, James N., of Stillwater. :Minn., was 
 born at Shefford, Province of t^iebei', .May 2.'?, 
 I8;!t>; educated in the public schools; in 18»VJ moved 
 to Washington County, Minn.; elei'ted district 
 attoruev it\ IKiki, and locate*.! in .Stillwater, where 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 445 
 
 he engaged in the practice of law; elected t(.i the 
 State senate in 1868, 1878, and 1882, serving in all 
 ten years; elected to the Fifty-second Congress as 
 a Democrat. 
 
 Cas'well, Lucien B. , of Fort Atkinson, Wis., 
 was born at Swanton, Vt., November 27, 1827; 
 moved to Wisconsin in 1837; pnrsued a partial col- 
 legiate course; studied law; admitted to the bar in 
 1851, anil jiracticed; elected district attorney in 
 1855 and 1850; member of the legislative assembly 
 of Wisconsin in 1863, 1872, and 1874; commissioner 
 of tlie second district board of enrollment from 
 September, 1863, to IMay 5, 1865; delegate to the 
 Kepublican national convention at Chicago in 1868; 
 elected to the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty- 
 sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and 
 Fifty-first Congresses as a Republican; resumed 
 the practice of law at Fort Atkinson, AVis.; vice- 
 president and acting president of the First National 
 Bank. 
 
 Caswell, Richard, was born in ilaryland, Au- 
 gust 3, 1729; received a liberal education; in 1746 
 moved to Raleigh, N. C, and was clerk in tlie 
 State cajiitol for several years; studied law and 
 afterwards practiced ; member of the colonial house 
 of delegates 1754-1771, ser^'ing as sijeaker the last 
 two years; commanding the right wing at the battle 
 of Ailamance in 1771; served in the Revolutionary 
 Army; Delegate from North Carolina to the Con- 
 tinental Congress 1774—1776; delegate to the State 
 constitutional convention, and its ]iresident; gov- 
 ernor of North Carolina 1777-17x0; <-(ininianded 
 the North Canjlina troops at the battle of Camden 
 in 1780; speaker of the senate of North Carolina 
 1782-1784, also serving as comptroller-general at 
 the same time; governor of North Carolina 1785- 
 1788; delegate from North Carolina to the con- 
 vention which framed the Federal Constitution, 
 1787; in 1789 elected State senator, serving until 
 his death, November 20, 1789. 
 
 Gate, G-eorg-eW., was born at Montpelier, Vt., 
 September 17, 1825; educated in the conunon 
 schools; studied law and in 1845 was admitted to 
 the bar at Montpelier; moved to Wisconsin in 
 1845 anil located at Plover; member of the State 
 legislature 1852-.53; elected judge of the circuit 
 court in April, 18-54, holding the position until 
 March 4. 1875, when he resigned, having been 
 elected a Representative from Wisconsin to the 
 Forty-fourth Congress as an Independent Re- 
 former. 
 
 Cate, William Henderson, was born in Ruth- 
 erford County, Tenn., Novendier 11, 18:W; raised 
 and educateil in East Tennessee; graduated in the 
 class of 1857 from the university at Knoxville; 
 engaged in teaching in the South and West for 
 some time; in the Southern army; settled at 
 .Tonesboro, Ark., in 1865; admitted to the Itar in 
 1866; elected to the legislature 1871-1873, includ- 
 ing tlie extra .session of 1874; elected prosecuting 
 attorney of the second circuit in 1878; appointed 
 judge of the second circuit in March, 1884; elected 
 to the same position in Septemljer, 1884; inter- 
 ested in planting; organized the Bank of Jonesboro 
 in 1887; elected to the Fiftv-first Congress as a 
 Democrat, Ijut unseated Alafch 5, 1890^' by L. E. 
 Featlierston, Independent Union Labor; "elected 
 to the Fiftv-second Congress; died at Toledo, Ohio, 
 August 23," 1899. 
 
 patchings, Thomas Clendinen, of Vicksburg, 
 Jliss., was born in Hinds County, Mi.ss., January 
 11, 1847; entered the University of Mis.si.ssippi iii 
 September, 1859. and Oakland College, Mississijjpi, 
 
 inl861; entered theConfederatearmyearlyin 1861, 
 and served throughout the war; commenced the 
 study of law in 1865; admitted to the bar in May, 
 1866, and practiced at Vicksburg; elected to the 
 State senate of Mississipjii in 1875, but resigned 
 on being nominated in 1877 for attorney-general; 
 elected attorney-general of ^lississijipi in Novem- 
 ber, 1877, for a term of four years, and again in 
 1881, resigning Feliruary 16, 1.H85; elected to the 
 Fortv-innth, Fiftieth, Fiftv-first, Fiftv-second, 
 Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, and Fifty- 
 sixth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Cathcart, Charles W., was liorn on the island 
 of Madeira in 1809; received a lilieral education; 
 spent his early life on the sea; in 1831 located at 
 Laporte, Ind., and engaged in agricultural pur- 
 suits; United States land surveyor for several 
 years; member of the State house of rei>resenta- 
 tives; Presidential elector on the Polk and Dallas 
 ticket in 1845; elected a Rejiresentative from 
 Indiana to the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat, ami reelected to the Thirtieth Congress; 
 appointed United States Senator from Indiana in 
 place of James Whitcomb, deceased, serving from 
 December 6, 1852, to March 3, 1853; engaged in 
 agricultural pur.euiis: died at Michigan Citv, Ind., 
 August 22. 1888. 
 
 Catlin, George S., was Ijorn at Harwinton, 
 Conn. , August 7, 1809 ; received a liberal education ; 
 studied law and afterwards practiced at Windham, 
 Conn. ; member of the State legislature for several 
 years; State attorney for Windham County; electeil 
 a Representative from Connecticut to the Twenty- 
 eighth Congress as a Democrat; defeated for the 
 Twenty-ninth Congress; judge of the Windham 
 County court; died at Windham, Conn., Decem- 
 ber 26", 1851. 
 
 Catron, Thomas B. , of Santa Fe, N. Mex., was 
 
 born (Jctober 6, 1840, in Lafayette County, :Mo. ; 
 received a commi m school education and graduated" 
 frima the University of Missouri in 1860; served 
 four years in the Confederate army; went to New- 
 Mexico in 1866 and connuenced thepracticeof law; 
 a])pointed district attorney of the third district for 
 two years; elected to the legislative assend^ly in 
 1868and 18(i9, and in 1S69 wasappointeil attorney- 
 general of the Territory; resigned to take the po- 
 sition of United States attorney, to whicli he was 
 appointed b}' President Grant, and held that posi- 
 tion nearly seven years; memberof tlie legislative 
 council of 1884 and 1889; Reimblican candiilate 
 for Delegate to the Fifty-third Congress, and was 
 defeated; again the Repulilican candidate for the 
 Fifty-fourth Congress, and was elected; resumed 
 the practice of law. 
 
 Cattell, Alexander G. , was Ijorn at Salem, 
 N. J., February 12, 1816; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; clerked in his father's store for a while and 
 afterwards became a merchant and banker in Phil- 
 adelphia; memberof the State legislature ot New 
 Jersey in 1840; clerk of the general assembly of 
 New jer.sey from 1842 to 1844; member of the State 
 constitutional convention of New Jersey in 1844; 
 elected a United States Senator from New Jersey 
 as a Republican in place of John P. Stockton, 
 Democrat, who had lieen unseated, and served 
 from December 3, 1806, to Alarcli 3, 1871; died at 
 Jamestown. N. Y.. -Vpril 8. 1894. 
 
 Caulfield, Barnard G., was born at Alexan- 
 liria, Va., October 18, 1828; graduateil from (ieorge- 
 town College, District of Columbia, in 1848, and 
 in 1850 from the law department of the University 
 of Pennsvlvania; moved to Chicago in 1853, where 
 
44<". 
 
 CONGRES8IO^fAL DIRKCTORY. 
 
 he I'oninienced to prat'tice; elected a Repreneiita- 
 tivc from Illinois to tin' Foily-tliinl ("nii<^'n-?s to 
 till the vaciincv caiiscil hy the iliath of .lohn H. 
 Rice, anil took his seat Fehniary 1, IHTo; had pre- 
 viously been elected to the Forty-fovirth Congress 
 as a Denioirat. 
 
 Causey, John Williams, was born at Milford. 
 Kent County, Del., September 1!), 1S41; ediicateil 
 in theschools of his uativi-tou n, Albany Academy, 
 New York, and rcnusylvania A};i-icultural Collejje; 
 enjiaj^'cd in faiinin;r an<l fruit trrowiu};: elected to 
 the Stale senate for 1M75-IS77; delegate to the na- 
 tional Democratic convention in 1K,S4; appointed 
 internal-revenue collector for Delaware by I'resi- 
 ilent Cleveland; elected to the Fifty-second and 
 Fiftv-third Congresses as a Democrat; returned to 
 Milfonl, Del. 
 
 Causin, John M. S. , was born in Maryland in 
 1811; received a liberal e(Uication; stndie<l law 
 and connnenced practice at Leonardtown; mem- 
 ber of the State house of representatives fi n- several 
 years; elected a Kei>resentative from Maryland to 
 the Twenty-eiuhth Coni;ress as a Whij;; in IS-IS 
 I'resideiitiid eU'Ctor on the Taylor and Fillmore 
 ticket; died at Cairo. 111., .lanuary 30. IStil. 
 
 Cavanaugh, James M., was born at Sprinir- 
 lield, Ma.ss., .Inly 4, ISiS; en^xajied in newspaper 
 work; studicil and practiced law; in 1S.')4 settled 
 in Minnesota, and elei-ted from that State a Kei)re- 
 sentative to the Thirty-lifth Cont;ress; inoved to 
 Colora<loand continued the ]>racticeof law in ISIil ; 
 also eufraged inminiivj; m«mberof the convention 
 that framed the constitution of the State of Col- 
 orado; in l.'^fili went to Montana; elected a Dele- 
 jrate from Montana to the Fortieth Cnntiress as a 
 I)emocrat; reelected to the Furty-lirst Conjiress. 
 
 Cessna, John, wa.s born in Bedfor<l Countv, 
 I'a., .lune 2!t, IHi'l; in 184-' graduated from Mar- 
 shall College, Merccrsburi;; tutor in that institu- 
 tion for a short time; afterwards studied law and 
 admitted to the bar in 184.t; member of the 
 State Icfiislature in Is.iO, l.s.51, IStiL', an<l 1.%:?, 
 servinjra-s speaker of the house in 18ol and 18(i3; 
 delegate to the Cincinnati convention of lS.ifi, to 
 the Charleston and 15altimore conventionsof I.HIM), 
 and to the Chicago eonvention of 18(iS; chairman 
 of the Repnbliian Stale convention and chairman 
 of the Hepublican Slate central conMuitlee, ISti.'); 
 elected a Hepresen tat ive from IVmisylvania to the 
 Fortv-tirst Congress as a Republican; defeated for 
 the Forty-second Congre.-^s; elected to the Forty- 
 third Congress; in 1875 appointed by President 
 (irant assistant attornev-general, but declined; 
 die<l Decemlier i:!, 18!tH. " 
 
 Chace, Jonathan, was born at Fall River, 
 Ma.<s., Si'i>t«Mnber 22, lS2!t; receive<l an academic 
 education; moved to Central Falls, R. I.; cotton 
 nianufaclurer; niendier of the Rhode Islam! Stale 
 senate lS7t)an<l 1877; elected to the Forty-seventh 
 and Forty-eighth Conjiresses as a Republican, 
 resigning to become a I nited States S<'na|or from 
 Rhode Islanil. having been elected to succeed 
 Ilenry R. .\nthony, decea.se<l; took his siat .lan- 
 uarv i'li, I8H.T; subseijuently reelected, but resigned 
 April i», 18S9; i.resideiit of the I'henix National 
 Hank r)f I'rovideiice, R. I.,_^and intei-ested in sev- 
 eral manufacturing enterjirfses; resides at Central 
 Falls. R. I. 
 
 Chaffee, Calvin C. , was born at Saratoga, N. Y., 
 August 2S, isll; received a liberal eilucation; 
 studiwi medicine and gniihmti^l froni the medical 
 whool of Middlebnry College; located al Spriiiu'- 
 lii'ld, >hi.>'s., where he coimuenced practice; 
 
 elected a Reprecentative from Mapsachnsett.a to the 
 Thirty-fourth Congress as a Know Nothing, and 
 reelected to the Thirty-tifth Congre.^s; librarian of 
 the House of Rei)resentatives l.Sail-bStjl; locate<l 
 at Washington, D. C, 181)1-1876. 
 
 Chaffee, Jerome B., was born in Niagara 
 County, N. Y., .\pnl 17, 182.t; received a liberal 
 eilucaliou: in l.s4i) moved to Adrian. .Mich., suli- 
 sei|Ueutly seltling in St. .loseph. Mo., and Klm- 
 
 » 1, Kans.. conducting a banking and real 
 
 estate business in both ]ilaces; moved to Coloradfi 
 in l.MiO, where he established him.silf as a banker 
 and a unning cai>ilalist; elected to the legislature 
 of Colorado in IStil, lsii2, and l.Sii.'i, serving the 
 last year as speaker of the house; in 18(i,5 elected 
 by the State legislature of the proposed State of 
 Colorado a I'nited States Senator; one of the 
 founders of the city of Denver; in 18().t l)ecame 
 president of the lirst national bank in Denver; 
 elected to Ihe Forty-second and Forly-lhird Con- 
 gresses as a Rejiublican; eU-cted I'luteil States 
 Senator as a Republican on Ihe a<lmission of Colo- 
 rado as a Slate and served from December 4, ls7t), 
 lo March 3, 187it; died at Salem Center, N. Y., 
 March !l, ]886. 
 
 Chalmers, James Ronald, of Vicksbnrg. Miss., 
 was born in Halifax Couuly. Va. .January 11, 1.S31; 
 moved to Alississipiii in May, l.'^.'i!!; attended 
 school at Holly Springs, Miss., anil gradualed from 
 South Carolina College, Columbia, in December, 
 1851; studied law and admitted to the bar in 
 1S.5:{; elected district attoriu'y for the seventh 
 judicial district of Mississi|ipi in IS.iS; member of 
 the secession convenlion of Mississippi in \X(\\, 
 and chairman of the committee on military affairs; 
 entered the Confederate .service as a captain in 
 March, ISIil; elected colonel of the .Ninth Missis- 
 sippi Regiment in .\pril, ISIil ; jiromoted brigailier- 
 general in February, 18t>2; transferred to the 
 cavalry service in I.sO.'j; surrendered in .May, IStio, 
 in command of the first division of Forrest's 
 Cavalry .\rmy Corps; member of Ihe Slate senate 
 of Mississippi in 187ti and 1S77; elected to the 
 Forty-liflh and I'orly-sixlh Congresses as a Demo- 
 crat; reelected lo the Forty-eighth Congress as an 
 Independent, indoi-sed by both the tireenback and 
 Republican conventions; deprived of the cerlili- 
 eate of election by an illegal count of the vote.s 
 by the secretarv of state of Missi.<si])i)i, and after 
 a contest seated on the 25th of .lune, 1S,S4; prac- 
 ticed law in Mein))his. Tenn., where he died 
 April tt, ls>(S. 
 
 Chalmers, Joseph W., was a lawyer at Holly 
 
 Springs, Miss.: appointed a I'nited States Senator 
 from Mississi|)pi in place of Robert .1. Walker and 
 subsei|uently elected for Ihe vacant term, .serving 
 from Decendier 7, 1.S45. to March S. 1S47; resumed 
 the practice of law in parliurshij) with Robert 
 Rarton. 
 
 Chamberlain, Ebenezer M., was born at 
 Orringlon, Me., .\ugust 20, l.siK'i; educated in Ihe 
 public schools; worked in a shipyard; taught 
 school and studied law; biovinI to Connersville, 
 Ind., in 18:i2, where he completed his studies; 
 admitleil to Ihe bar and commenced to practice in 
 KIkhart County in 18;!.S; mendn'rof the Slate house 
 of re|iri'.<entalivesin l.s.'i5and 1S:>7: elected a Hel>re- 
 I senlalivefrom Indiana to iheThirly-lhird Congress 
 , as a Democrat; defeated for the Thirly-fourlh Con- 
 gress; resinned the practice of law at Goshen. 
 
 Chamberlain. Jacob P., was born in Ma-ssa- 
 cliuseltsaud educalcil in ihe public schools; moved 
 to Seneca Falls. N. Y.: elected a Representative 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 447 
 
 from New York to the Tliirty-seventh Congress as 
 a Republican, serving from jnlv 4, 1861, to March 
 3, 1863; died at Seneca Falls, 'N. Y., October 5, 
 1878. 
 
 Chamberlain, John C, was born in 1772; grad- 
 uated from Harvard (_'iillege in 1793; studied law, 
 and commenced practiceat Alstead, N. H. ; elect eda 
 Representative from New Hampshire to the I)lev- 
 enth Congress as a Federalist, serving from Mav 
 22, 1809, to JIarch 3, 1811; died at I'tica, N. Y.", 
 December 8, 1834. 
 
 Chamberlain, William, was Viorn in the State 
 of Vermont, and received a lil)eral education; 
 studied law and practiced; State councilor 1796- 
 1803; Presidential elector in 1801; chief justice of 
 the State court of common pileas 1801-1803; elected 
 a Representative from Vermont to the Eighth Con- 
 gress; defeated for the Ninth and Tenth Con- 
 gresses; elected to the Eleventh Congress; defeated 
 for the Twelfth Congress; lieutenant-governor of 
 Vermont 1813-181.5. 
 
 Chambers, David, was born at Allentown,Pa., 
 Marchl7, 17S0; received a liberal education; served 
 in the whisky insurrection campaign as a confi- 
 dential express rider for President Washington; 
 learned the art of printing; spent sixteen years on 
 a farm in Virginia; moved to Zanesville, Ohio, 
 where he established a newspaper and was elected 
 State printer; secretary of the senate of Ohio when 
 the seat of government was moved to Columbus; 
 volunteer aid-de-camp to General Cass in the war of 
 1812; served as recorder and mayor of Zanesville; 
 elected a Representative from Ohio to the Seven- 
 teenth Congress; memberof the State house of rep- 
 resentatives for several years, serving as speaker in 
 1844; delegate to the State constitutional conven- 
 tion of 1851; died at Zanesville, Ohio, August S, 
 1864. 
 
 Chambers, Ezekiel F., was born in Kent 
 County, ]Md., February 28, 1788; graduated from 
 Wasliington College in 1805; studied law, and in 
 1808 commenced practice; served in the war of 
 1812, attaining rank of brigadier-general; in 1822 
 member of the Statesenate; elected a United States 
 Senator from ^laryland as a AVhig, in place of 
 Edward Lloyd, resigned, serving from February 
 22, 1826, until 1834, when he resigned; in LS.'U ap- 
 pointed presiding judge of the second judicial 
 circuit of Maryland, which jiosition he held until 
 1851, when, by change of constitution, the judi- 
 ciary of Maryland became elective; in 1852 was 
 offered the position of Secretary of the Navy by 
 President Fillmore, but declined (in accciunt of 
 ill health; defeated as Democratic candidate for 
 governor of Marvland in 1864; died at Chester- 
 town, M(\., .lanuiiry 30, 1867. 
 
 Chambers, George, was born at Chambers- 
 burg, Pa., Feljruary 24, 1786; graduated from 
 Princeton College in 1.804; studied law, and in 
 1807 was adnritted to the bar; commenced practice 
 at Chambereburg; elected a Representative to the 
 Twenty-third and Twentv-fourth Congresses as a 
 Whig; member of the State constitutional conven- 
 tion of Pennsylvania in 1837; appointed a justice 
 of the sujireme court of Pennsylvania April 12, 
 1851, which position he held until it was vacated 
 by constitutional provisions; died ^March 25, 1866. 
 
 Chambers, Henry, studied medicine and 
 practiced at Madison, Ala. ; elected a United States 
 Senator from Alabama, serving from Decemlier 5, 
 1825, until his death, which occurred in Virginia 
 on hia way to Washington, lauuarv 25, 1826.' 
 
 Chambers, John, was born m New Jersey De- 
 cemlier 4, 1779; educated in the jiublic schools; 
 moved with his father to Kentucky in 1792; stud- 
 ied law and in 1800 admitted to the bar; served as 
 aid-de-camp to General Harrison in the war of 
 1812, and was at the battle of the Thames; elected 
 a Representative from Kentucky to the Twentieth 
 Congress (in place of Thomas Metcalfe, resigned) 
 as a Whig; reelected to the Twenty-fourth and 
 Twenty-fifth Congresses; governor of the Territory 
 of Iowa 1841-1846; commissioner to negotiate a 
 treaty with the Sioux Indians in 1849; died near 
 Paris, Ky., September 21, 1852. 
 
 Champion, Epaphroditus, was born at East 
 Haddam, Conn., February 1, 1752; educated in the 
 common schools; elected a Representative from 
 Connecticut to the Tenth Congress as a Federalist; 
 reelected to the Eleventh, Twelftli, Thirteenth, 
 and Fourteenth Congresses; died at F^ast Haddam, 
 Conn., November 22, 1835. 
 
 Champlin, Christopher Grant, was born at 
 Newport, R. I., April 12, 1768; graduated from 
 Harvard College in 1786, and continued his studies 
 at the College of St. Omer in France; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Rhode Island to the Fifth and 
 Sixth Congresses; elected a United States Senator 
 from Rhode Island in place of Francis IMalbone, 
 deceased; took his seat January 12, 1810, serving 
 until 1811, when he resigned; president of the 
 Rhode Island Bank for many years, which position 
 he held until his death, at iVewport, R. I., March 
 18, 1840. 
 
 Chandler, John (brother of Thomas Chandler, 
 and uncle of Zachariah Qhandler), was born at 
 Epping, N. H.; received a liberal education; took 
 jiart in the Revolutionary war; moved to the 
 ;\Iaine district of JMassachusetts and settled on a 
 farm at Monmouth; member of the State senate 
 1803 to 1805; elected a Representative from the 
 JIaine district of Massachusetts to the Ninth and 
 Tenth Congresses; elected a United States Senator 
 from Maine on the admission of that State and re- 
 elected, serving from NovemVier 13, 1820, ti> March 
 3, 1829; collector of customs at Portland 1829-1837; 
 died at Augusta, Me., September25, 1841. 
 
 Chandler, Joseph K.. , was born at Kingston, 
 ilass., in 1792; received a liberal education; stud- 
 ied law, and practiced at Philadelphia; editor of 
 the United States Gazette; grand master of the 
 Freemasons of Pennsylvania; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-first, 
 Thirty-second, and Tliirty-third Congresses as a 
 Whig; appointed by President Buchanan minister 
 to the Two Sicilies, serving from June 15, 18-58, to 
 November 15, 1860; editor of the Philadelphia 
 North American; died at Philadelpihia, Pa. 
 
 Chandler, Thomas, was born at Bedford, N. H., 
 August 10, 1772; educated in the public schools; 
 farmer and a teacher of sai'red music; justice of 
 the peace in 1808; captain of militia in 1815; mem- 
 ber of the State legislature in 1818, and again in 
 1827; elected a Representative from New Hamp- 
 shire as a Democrat to the Twenty-first and 
 Twentv -second Congresses; died at Bedford, N. H., 
 January 28, 1866. 
 
 Chandler, William Eaton, of Concord, N. H., 
 was born at Concord, N. H., December 28, 1835; 
 received a common school education; studied law; 
 graduated from Harvard Law School, and was ad- 
 mitted to the bar in 1855; appointed reporter of 
 the decisions of the supreme court in 18.59; mem- 
 ber of the New Ilaaipshire house of representa- 
 
44« 
 
 CONOKKSSH IN A I. 1)1 KK( Ti "in , 
 
 tives ill 18G2, 1863, and IHtH, serving a« speaker 
 (liirinj; tlio last two yi'iirf; liccaiiu' snlicitor and 
 juil>;i'-adviiiat<-i;<ii<Mal ni the Navy lK>|i:irtiiK'nl 
 Mari-li il, ISil.'i: a|ipiiintiMl First Assistant Sicrt'tarv 
 of the Treasury June 17, ISli."), wliicli olliiv he re- 
 si).'necl .N"iivcnii)er SO, IStiT; nieiiilicr of tlie New 
 Ilani|>sliire <(institntii)nal eonventinn in IS7t>: 
 apiin a nienilier of t lie New Ilaiiipsliire lionse of 
 representatives in ISSl; appninleil liy President 
 (iarlield Solicitiir-deneral ^Mareh 2.>. lAsi.lint was 
 rejected l>y the Senate; ajilMiinled liy President 
 Arthur Secretary nl' the Na\ y April IL', 1NS2, and 
 serve.! till Maivli 7, ISS."); eUited tii the I'niled 
 States Senate .lime 14, 1S87, as a Kepiililiian, tn 
 fill the unexpired term of Austin 1'". I'ik<', deceased, 
 serving' until March H, 1S.'<9; elected .lime IS, 1SS9, 
 and aL'ain .lanuary Iti, 1,S9.=>, servinj; until March S, 
 ISilM: ajipointed in lilOl by President McKinley 
 l)resi<lent of the Spanish Claims t'omiuission. 
 
 Chandler, Zachariah, was horn at Pedford, 
 N. II., neceniher 1(1, 1S13; received a liberal eilu- 
 cation: moved to Michigan, wlu-re he engaged in 
 mercantile pursuits; mayor of Detroit in ls.">l: 
 elected a I'nited States .Senator from Michigan as 
 a Kepublican to succeed Lewis Ca.ss, Democrat, in 
 l.S.'i7; reelecteil in ]XK\ and again in !S(i!l, serving 
 from March 4, l.s.-i7, to March :". 1S7.'); apiminted 
 Secretary of the Interior by President < iraiit, serv- 
 ing from October 111, 187."), to Mar<-h :>. 1877; 
 ehairiuan of the national Kepublican executive 
 committee in 1S(i!<anil 187(5; elected a I'niteil States 
 Senator from Mii^higan, serving from February 
 19, 1,^79, until Ids death. Novemlier 1, 1S70. at 
 Chicago, 111. 
 
 Chaney, John, was born in Maryland in 1.8(11; 
 educated in the common schools; moveil to Ohio; 
 elected a Kepre.-^entative from Ohio to the Twenty- 
 third Congress as a •lack.'^on Democrat, defeating 
 W. \V. Irviii. Whig; reelected to the Twenty- 
 fourth and Twenty-tifth Congres,ses; died at Conrt- 
 wright, ( Ihio. 
 
 Chanler. John Winthrop, was born in New 
 York City in \X2ty. graduated from Coluinbia Col- 
 lege, New York, in 1.^47; stndieii law, and after- 
 wards ]iracticed; member of the New York .State 
 as.sembly from the tenth district of New York 
 City for ls.'i8 an<l 18.')!l; nominate<l State senator 
 from the lifth district in l.siiO, but <leclined; de- 
 feated for the Thirty-.seventh Coiigre.-^s; ele<'ted a 
 Representative fron'i New York to the Thirty- 
 eiglith. Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Congresses asa 
 Democrat; dieil near Khiiiebeck, X. Y.. October 
 19, 1877. 
 
 Chanler, William Astor, of New York City, 
 was born .luni> 11. 1S(;7, at Newport, K, !.. son of 
 .lolin WinthiopChaider. whoserved several terms 
 in the legislature of New York Stale ami repre- 
 sented the Seventh Congressional district of that 
 State for three terms; educated at St. .John's 
 School, Sing Sing, Phillips .\cadeniy, Kxeter, 
 N. II., ami Harvard I'nivei'sity, which he left to 
 undertake explorations in .\fri<-a, the result of his 
 travels having been publisheil inabook; had con- 
 ferreil n))on him the ilegree of .\. M. by Harvard 
 University, and became a member of two F.uro- 
 
 Iiean geou'raphical societies; elected to tlieassem- 
 ily in the New York State legislature in l.S!)7; 
 elected to the Fifty-sixth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Chapin, Alfred C, of Brooklyn. N. Y.. was 
 born at South lladley, Ma.-s., "March S, 1S4«; 
 resided in Si.ringtield. Niass.. in Keeiie, N. 11., ami 
 in Uutland. Vt.; eilucateil in public and private 
 schools, and at Williams College, from which latter 
 
 he was graduated in 1869, and at Harvartl Ijiw 
 SchiMil, from which he graduated in 1871; moved 
 to New York in 1.S71; ineiidier of the N<'W York 
 assembly in I.SSL' and l.ss;i, being speaker in the 
 latter year; elected .state comjitroller in 18.s:{and 
 in 188.T; electe<l mayor of Brooklyn in I.S87and in 
 1889; electeil to the I'ifty-second Congress as a 
 Democrat; ri^igiieil Novenil>erl6, l.'<92; ap]H>iiiteil 
 railroad commissioner of New York State m IWJ. 
 
 Chapin, Chester W. , wa.s born at Lixllow, 
 Mass., December 1(>, 1798; ediicateil in the com- 
 mon schools; engaged in mercantile work for five 
 years; mail contnictcjr. running post coaches ami 
 steamboats; member of the constitutional conven- 
 tion of Massachusetts in IS.'):!; interesteil in farm- 
 ing, mannfacturing, banking, and jiri'sident of the 
 Boston and .Vlbany Kailmad Company; elected a 
 Representative from Mas.suhusetts to the Forty- 
 fourth Coiigre.-s as a Democrat; defeated for the 
 Forty-fifth Congress; amassed a fortune in tran.s- 
 portalion; dieilat S])ringfield, Ma.ss.,.June 10, 1S.83. 
 
 Chapin, Graham H., was born in Connecticut 
 
 in 1799; graduated from Yale College in 1817; 
 moved to Uoihester. N. Y.; elected a Hepresenta- 
 live from New York ti> the Twenty-fourth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; died at Mount Morris, N. Y., 
 
 September- 8. \SA'A. 
 
 Chapman, Andrew Grant, of Laplata, Mil., 
 was born at Laplata. Charles Countv, Md., .lan- 
 uary 17, 1SS9; educated at Charlotte' Hall Acad- 
 emy and at the I'idvei'sity of Virginia; eiitereil 
 .s^t. .lohns College, .\nnapolis, whence he gradu- 
 ated with honor in l,s.")S; retiirinng to thi.> Cni- 
 versity of Viiginia, remained for two years in 
 the law department; wi-nt to Baltimore, where 
 he read law in the olfi<T of William \. Stewart; 
 admitted to the bar in l.stid; returneil to Charles 
 County aiicl comme.nceil practii'e at Port Tobacco 
 in l.S(i4; engaged in agricidtural jmrsuits; member 
 of the State house of 'delcL'ates lu IstiS, 1S7(X and 
 1S72; elected to tlu' Forty-seventh CongretiS a» a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Chapman, Augustus A., was born in Virginia 
 in ISlil; cdei-ted a Kepreseiitative froni Vii-giiiia to 
 tlie Twenty-eighth Congress as a Van Bureii Dem- 
 ocrat; reelected to the Twenty-ninth Congn-.s..i; 
 defeated as a Democratic candidate for the Thir- 
 tieth Congress. 
 
 Chapman, Bird B., was born in Connecticut 
 and eilucali'd in the public schools; moved to 
 Omaha, .Nebr. ; elected a l>elegale from the Ne- 
 braska Territory to the Thirty-fourth Congre.«s, 
 his seat being tmsucce.-^sfullv contested bv Hiram 
 P. Bennett. 
 
 Chapman, Charles, was I Mini at Newtown. 
 Coim.. .lime -1, 179!i; receivdl a liberal education; 
 stmlied law at the Litchfield Uiw School, ami ill 
 18"J7 coiimu'iiced practice at New Haven; moved 
 to Hartford in 1S28 ami became editor of the 
 New Kiii.daiid Hi-view; electeil to the State legis- 
 lature as a Whig fur tlirvesncci'ssive term's; I'nited 
 Stall's district attorney 1.S41-1S4S; defeatt^l as the 
 Whig candidate for" the Thirty-first Congri'ss; 
 elected a Kepre.-entative from Connecticut to the 
 Thirty-sei-oiid Congress; defeated as a temperam-e 
 eandiilate for governor of Conne<ticnt in l.s.">4; 
 when the Kepublican party was formed ideutiliiil 
 him-elf with the Democracy and was sent to the 
 Stale leu'islatiire three times by that [wrty; died 
 at Hartford. Conn., .\iignst 7, l.'<69. 
 
 Chapman, Henry, was boni at Newton, Pa., 
 Febriiarv 4. 18W; studied law ami afterwards 
 
 I 
 
 i 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 449 
 
 practiced at Doylestown; elected a State senator 
 in 1843, and two years afterwards appointed judge 
 of the fifteenth judicial district of Pennsylvania, 
 where he served four years; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-fifth Congress 
 as a Democrat; elected judge of the Bucks County 
 I'ourt in 1861 and retired in 1871; died near Dovles- 
 tuwn, Pa., April 11, 1891. 
 
 Claapman, John, was born in Pennsylvania 
 and elected a Representative from that State to 
 tlie Fifth Congress. 
 
 Chapman, John G. , was born in Charles 
 County, Md., July 5, 17'.)8; received a liberal edu- 
 cation, having been a student at Yale College; 
 studied law, and in 1820 commenced practice; 
 member of tlie State house of representatives of 
 Maryland 1S24-1839, 1843, and 1844, and of the 
 State senate in 1840; elected a Reiiresentative from 
 Maryland to the Twenty-ninth ( 'ou'/ressasa U'hig, 
 and reelected to the Thirtieth Congress without 
 opposition; jjresident of tlie constitutional conven- 
 tion of Maryland in 18-51 ; president of the national 
 Whig convention at Baltimore in 1856; died at 
 Port Tobacco, Md., December 10, 1856. 
 
 Chapman, Reuben, was born in Virginia in 
 1806; received an academic education; moved to 
 Somerville, Ala.; elected a Representative from 
 Alabama as a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth, 
 Twenty-fifth, Twenty sixth. Twenty-seventh, 
 Twenty-eighth, and Twenty-ninth Congresses 
 without opposition; governor of Alabama 1847- 
 1849. 
 
 Chapman, William W. , was one of the first 
 settlers at Burlingtfm, Iowa; elected the first del- 
 egate from Iowa to the Twenty-fifth Congress and 
 reelected to the Twentv-sixth Congress, serving 
 from Septend)er 4, 1837,"to March 3,1841. 
 
 Chappell, Absalom H., was born in Georgia; 
 studied law and afterwards practiced at Macon; 
 elected a Representative from Georgia to the 
 Twenty-eighth Congress (in the place of John G. 
 Lamar, resigned) as a State Rights Whig. 
 
 Chappell, John Joel, was born on Little River, 
 in Fairfield District, S. C, January 19, 1782; moved 
 with his parents to Richland Distric-t; received a 
 liberal education; studied law, and in 1805 com- 
 menced practice at Columbia; colonel during the 
 war of 1812, but his regiment saw no active service; 
 elected a Rejiresentative from South Carolina to 
 the Thirteenth Congress as a State Rights War 
 Democrat; reelected to the Fourteenth Congress; 
 defeated for reelection to the Fifteenth and Six- 
 teenth Congresses; defeated as a candidate for 
 secretary of state of South Carolina; resumed the 
 practice of law and practiced until 1849; director 
 of the Columbia branch of the State Bank of South 
 Carolina 1830-1858; moved to Alabama and became 
 a cotton planter; died in Lowndes Countv May 23, 
 1871. 
 
 Charlton, Robert M. , was born at Savannah, 
 Ga. .January 19, 1807; received a liberal education; 
 studied law, and afterwards jjracticed at Savannah; 
 member of the State house of representatives; 
 elected Fnifed States district attorney; elected a 
 judge of the superior court in 1835; "resigned to 
 devote himself to his profession; appointed a Sen- 
 ator from Georgia (in place of J. ^lacpherson Ber- 
 rien, resigned), serving from June 11, 1852, to 
 March 3, 1853; mayor of Savannah; died at Savan- 
 nah, Ga., .Tanuary"8, 1854. 
 
 Chase (or Chace), Dudley (uncle of Salmon P. 
 Chase), was born at Cornish, N. H., December 30, 
 
 1771; received a liberal education, graduating from 
 DarfuKjufh College in 17;n ; studied law, and prac- 
 ticed at Randolph, Vt.; State attorney for Orange 
 County 1803-1811; a delegate to the State consti- 
 tutional convention of 1814 and of 1822; for several 
 years a member of the State house of rejiresenta- 
 tives, and speaker 1813-1817; elected a United 
 States Senator from Vermont in the place of Ste- 
 phen R. Bradley, serving from I\Iay 24, 1813, to 1817, 
 when he resigned; chief justice of the supreme 
 court of Vermont 1817-1821; elected a United 
 States Senator in the place of William A. Palmer, 
 serving frcim Decemlier 5, 1825, to March 3, 1831; 
 died at Randolpli, Vt.. February 23, 1846. 
 
 Chase, Georg-e W. , was born at Schenevus, 
 X. Y. ; defeated as the Whig candidate for the 
 Thirty-.second Congress; elected a Representative 
 to the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig; died at 
 Maryland, N. Y., May 1, 1867. 
 
 Chase, Jeremiah T., was born in Maryland; 
 a Delegate fnjm that State to the Continental 
 Congress 1783 to 1784. 
 
 Chase, Lucien B. , was born in Vermont 
 August 9, 1817; moved to Clarksville, Tenn.; 
 elected a Representative from that State to the 
 Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses as a 
 Democrat; died December 14, 1864. 
 
 Chase, Salmon Portland, was born at Cornish, 
 X. H., January 13, 1808; student at the Cincin- 
 nati College, Ohio, for one year; graduated from 
 Dartmonth College in 1826; taught school and 
 studied law at Washington, and in 1829 admitted 
 to the bar; commenced practice at Cincinnati in 
 1830; devoted some time to literary work; .school 
 examiner of t'incinnati in 1839; elected as a Whig 
 to the Cincinnati rity council in 1840; identified 
 himself in 1841 witli the Liberty Party, anrl was a 
 participant in its national conventions at Buffalo 
 in 1843 and at Cincinnati in 1847; in 1848 mem- 
 ber of the national Free Soil convention at Buf- 
 falo, which nominated Van Buren; elected to the 
 United States Senate (by a coalition under which 
 the Free Soilers gave all the State offices to the 
 Democrats in consideration for their electing him 
 Senator) , and served from ilarch 4, 1849, to 5larch 
 4, 1855; elected governor of Ohio in 1855 as a Free 
 Soil Democrat and reelected in 1857 as a Repub- 
 lican; member of the national peace convention in 
 1868; elected a United States Senator in 1860; took 
 his seat March 4, 1861, but resigned the next day 
 to become Secretary of the Treasury under Presi- 
 dent Lincoln, which position he held until Sep- 
 tember, 1864, when he resigned; appointed Chief 
 Justice of the Supreme Court December 6, 1864; 
 ])resided at the impeachment trial of President 
 Johnson, in 1866; died at New York May 7, 1873. 
 
 Chase, Samuel, was born in Somerset County, 
 Md., April 17, 1741; received a liberal education; 
 studied law, and afterwards practiced at Annap- 
 olis; member (jf the general assembly of Maryland, 
 1764-1784; elected as a Delegate from Maryland to 
 the CLintinental Congress, 1774, and reelet'ted in 
 1776; sent on a special mission to Canada in 1774, 
 to induce the Canadians to ji:)in in the revolution 
 against Great Britain; signer of the Declaration of 
 Independence; went to England, in 1783 as agent 
 for the State of Maryland, to recover the stock in 
 the Bank of England which the State had pur- 
 chased when a British colony; removed to Balti- 
 more in 1786; appointed judge of the general court 
 of Maryland in 1791, and judge of the Baltimore 
 criminal court in 1793; appointed iu 1796, by 
 President Washington, a justice of the Supreme 
 
 H. Doe. 458- 
 
 -29 
 
450 
 
 CONORKSSIONAL DlRKCToKY. 
 
 Court; imiH'iU'luMl in ISIM, tlini\i>;li the exi-rtioni' 
 of .lolin Haiulolph, uii clmip's of nmlft'iu<nnci' in 
 oMice si'vcral vi'iirs |ll■(■vilm^;; trioil l)y the Siiiali- 
 in 1S05, mill a('i|uiltc(li>f nil tluM-liaivcs; iliccl.lunc 
 19, 1811. 
 
 Chase, Samuel, was liorn at ('iui|nrslipwii, 
 N. Y.: ell Tiiil a Uc(irisonlaliv<' from that Stato to 
 the 'rwcntiilh Congress a.« an Ailanis IK'iuoiTiit. 
 
 Chastain, Elijah W., wa." born in South Car- 
 olina; sottU'd in Taciiah, (ia.; hiOd sicvcral public 
 odu'c.-'; cK'cti'd a Kcpri'scntativc from (ii-ortiia to 
 the Thirty-s-econd and Thirty-third Con^'resse-s aM 
 a I'nion IVmocrat. 
 
 Chaves, J. Francisco, was liorn at Padillas, 
 X. Mix.,.hinc L'7, is:!.'!; (Mhicatcd at St. l.ouis. Mo. ; 
 studied medieine at the New York College of I'hy- 
 gicians and Sniveonn; eiitraKed in mercantile and 
 ajiricullnral pni-suits in New Mexico; major of 
 the First New Mexico Infantry in tlio I'nion 
 Arniv; |)romoted to the rank of lieutenant-colonel; 
 electt'd a Delcfiate from New Mexico to the Thirty- 
 ninth Cousress as a Republican; reelected to the 
 Fortieth and Forty-first Cnnfrresses. 
 
 Cheadle, Joseph B., of Indiana, was born at 
 Perrysville, Vermilion County, Ind., .Vujrnst H, 
 1S4L'; received a flood I'.nirlish edncalion; entered 
 Asbury as a i^tndent, but upon the or;;anization of 
 the Seventy-lirst Indiana Vohinteers eidisled as a 
 private in C'ompanv K, and .serveil until the close 
 of the war; returning; liome, he entereil upon the 
 study of law, and jjraduated from Indianapolis 
 Law' College in 18G7; be).'an the practice of law at 
 Ne wpo rt, Ind., and emit innedt lie same until Novem- 
 ber, ISTIi, when heenlrrcd theedilorial profession, 
 which occupation he has since followed; elected to 
 the Fiftieth and Fifly-lirst Congresses as a Uepub- 
 lican; imsnccessful camlidate forCoiipre.sson fusion 
 ticket against Chas. 15. I^andis in ISiW. 
 
 Cheatham, Henry Plummer, of Henderson, 
 N. C., was boni at (iranville, N.C., DeccMdier L'7. 
 1857; attended public and private schools near the 
 town of Henderson while a boy; when 18 years of 
 age entered the normal dejiarlment of Shaw Uni- 
 versity, at Kaleigh; at 21 entered the colle^'e 
 department of the university, and graduated with 
 honors in 188'_', receivinj; the degree of .V. H.; 
 elected jirincipal of the I'lymouth State Normal 
 School immediately after gradnation, and served 
 in that cajiacity until 18S."); elected ri'vister of 
 deedsof Vance County; rea<l law very extensivelv; 
 electt'd to the Fifty-lirst Congress as a Repiili- 
 lican, an<l reelected to the Fiftv-second Congress; 
 recorder of deeds for the District of Columbia at 
 Washington, D. C. 
 
 Cheatham, Richard, was born at S|pringlield, 
 Teiin., an<l elected a Kepre.sentativi' from that 
 State to the Twenty-lifth Congress as a Whig, 
 serving from .'^eptemlier 4, 18H7, to March :!, 18H9; 
 defeatitl for reelection to the Twenty-sixth 
 Congress. 
 
 Cheney, P. C, was Iwirn at Holderncs,s, now 
 Ashland, N. II., February 25, 1828; receiveil a 
 common school eilucatinn; engaged in the nianu- 
 fai'ture of paper; member of the New Hampshire 
 legislature lS.\i; <|uarterina.>'ter of the Thirteenth 
 Regiment, but was forced to n'sijin on account of 
 ill lu-alth; Stale railroad commissiom-r Isii4-l,sti7; 
 moved to Mancliesler in 18(17; t'lected mayor in 
 1871; irovernoi of New Hampshire lS7."i-7() ami 
 187l>-77; appointed a I'liiled Slates Senator from 
 New lluuipshiiv as a Republican, to till the vacancy 
 
 occasioned by the death of .V. F. I'ike; took his 
 seat December 7, 1886; term expired June 14, 1887; 
 died at Dover, N. H., .Tune 19, 1901. 
 
 Chesnut, James, Jr., was born near Camden, 
 S. ('.. in IM."i; ^Taduated from I'riiu-elon College; 
 iiiendKr of the Slate house of representatives of 
 South Carolina 1842-1852, ami of the State senate 
 1854-185S; a^)pointe.l to the Cnited States Senate 
 a.s a State Rights Democnit (in the place of . I. ,1. 
 Kvans, deeea.sed) and snlwiiueiitly elected, serv- 
 ing from .lanuarv 5, |.S."i'.), until he ix'signe<l, No- 
 vember U), 181)0;" expelled .Inly 11, I8(il; delegate 
 from South Carolina lo the Confederate Provi- 
 sional Congress in Isiil; lolonel in thet'onfi'derate 
 army, and held a iHisition a.« aid-de-cainp on the 
 staff of Jefferson Davis in 18(>1; appointed briga- 
 ilier-general in b'^tUiand u.ssigned to thecominand 
 of a brigade on the coa,stof South Carolina; mem- 
 ber of the national Democratic cimvention of lS(i8, 
 which noiiiinateil Seymour and lUair; died at 
 Camden, S. C.. February 1, 1885. 
 
 Chetwood, William, was born at Kli/.alieth- 
 town, N. J., in 17(i!i; graduated from Princeton 
 College in 1792; studied law and practiced; mem- 
 ber of the State couinil of New .lersev; elected a 
 Representative from New Jersey to ttie Twenty- 
 fourth Congress, in [ilace of Philemon Dickenson, 
 resigned, serving from December 5, 18:!i), to March 
 H, 18:J7; resumed the practice of law; die<lat Kliza- 
 bethtown, N. J., December Is, 1857. 
 
 Cheves, Langdon, was liorn on Rocky River, 
 .Vbbeville District, S.C, Se|>teiiiber 17, 1771!; re- 
 ceived a limite<l I'lhication; moved with his father 
 to Charleston in 17811; clerk in a store; studied 
 law, and in 17'.t7 admitted to the bar; comnience<l 
 practice at Charleston; member of the general 
 a.s.seinbly in'lS08 and State attorney-ger.eral the 
 same year; elected a Representative from South 
 Carolina to the Kleventli (."oiigre.ss, in place of Rob- 
 ert Marion, resigned; reelected ti> the Twelfth and 
 Thirteenth Congresses, presiding as Speaker dur- 
 ing the second session; declined a reelection and 
 resumed the jiractii-e of law; electeil law judge in 
 December, 18111; electe(l |>resident of the Hank of 
 the Cnited States March <1. ISlii; chief commis- 
 sioner of claims uniler the treaty of (llieiit; jirac- 
 ticed at Philadelphia and at Uincaster, but in 18,30 
 returned to South Carolina and engageil in agri- 
 cultural pursuits; ilelegate to the Southern con- 
 vention at Nashville in 18.50 and to the Southern 
 convention at Columbia in 1852; died at Columbia, 
 S. C., June 2ii, 1.'n52. 
 
 Chickering, Charles A., of Copenhagen, N.Y., 
 was born at llarrisburg, Lewis County, X. Y., 
 November 2ll, 184.'!; educated in eomnion sidiools 
 anil at Lowville Academy; for a time a teacher in 
 that institution; .scIhhiI eommi.ssioner of Ix'wis 
 County 18115 to 1875; member of a.sseinbly 1879 
 to 1881; elected clerk of the a.s.senibly in 1884 and 
 reeU'cted in 18.8.5, 188(>, 18S7, 1S88, l,88<t, and 18!»0; 
 elected to the Fifty-third CoiiL're.ss as a Republican, 
 and reelecled to ilie Fiftv-lourlh, Fifty-lifth, and 
 Fifty-sixth Coiigres.ses; dud February "l;{, KHtO. 
 
 Chilcott, Oeorg'e JH., was born in Huntingdon 
 County, Pa., January 2, 1828; moved with his 
 parents to, lefferson County, Iowa, in 1844; .studied 
 medicine and taught .school until 18.50; elected 
 sheriff of Jefferson County in 18.5;!; niovnl to Ne- 
 braska in 18.5iiaiid elected the saiiu- year lotheTer- 
 ritorial legislature as a Republican; move<l to Col- 
 orado in l.S.5!l: member of ihe legislature of Colo- 
 rado in 18I>1 and l.'i(12; admitted to the bar in ISlW 
 and appointed n-vister of ihe L'niteil States laud 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 451 
 
 offioo for Colorado, and served four years; elected 
 a KeijresentativetoConj^ref's in 1SH5 iiniler the State 
 organization, but was not admitted; elected a Del- 
 egate from C'cilorad<^ tn the Fortieth Congress as a 
 Republican. 
 
 Childs, Robert A., of Hinsdale, 111., was born 
 at jMalone, Franklin County, N. Y., March 22, 
 1845; settled near Belvidere, Boone County, 111., 
 in 1852; at the age of 16 enlisted in Gen. Stephen 
 A. Hurlbut's company, which sul).se(|uently be- 
 caujea part of the Fifteenth Illinois Infantry Vol- 
 unteers, and served throughout tlie war; after his 
 discharge from the Army, he entered schiml and 
 graduated from the Illinois State Normal Univer- 
 gity in 1870; princiiial and superintendent of the 
 pul)lic schools at Amboy, Lee County, 111., in 1871, 
 1872, and 1873; entered upon the practice of law at 
 Chicago in July, 1873, settling at Hin.sdale, asuliurlj 
 of Chicago; held various local offices; was Presi- 
 dential elector in 1884; elected to the Fifty-third 
 Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Childs, Thomas, jr., was born in New York 
 City; electeil a Representative from New York to 
 the Thirty-fourth t'ongress as an American Whig, 
 but never took his seat, owing to prolonged illness. 
 
 Childs, Timothy, was born at Pittslield, Ma,ss. ; 
 moved to Rochester, N. Y. ; member of tlie State 
 house of representatives in 1828; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New York to the Twenty-lirst Con- 
 gress as a Whig; elected to the T\\enty-fourth and 
 Twenty-fifth Congresses, also to the Twenty- 
 seventh Congress; died at Santa Cruz November 8, 
 1847. 
 
 Chilton, Horace, of Tyler, Tex., was born in 
 Smith County, Tex., December 29, 1853; an attor- 
 ney at law; delegate at large from Texas to the 
 national Democratic convention at St. Louis in 
 1888; served one term as assistant attorney-general 
 of Texas, by appointment of Governor < ). M. Rob- 
 erts; appointed a United States Senator by Gover- 
 nor Hogg, to fill the vacancy created by the resig- 
 nation of Hon. John H. Reagan, in April, 1891, but 
 failed of election when the legislature convened; 
 became a candidate again in 1894, made a canvass 
 of the State, and elected to the I'nited States 
 Senate, as the successor of Hon. Ricdiard Coke 
 (who did not desire reelection), on January 23, 
 1895. 
 
 Chilton, Samuel, was born at Warrenton, Va. , 
 Scptemlier 7, 1804; received a liberal education; 
 studied law and practiced at Warrenton; meudjer 
 of the State house of representatives for several 
 years; elected a Representative from Virginia to 
 the Twenty-eightli Congress as a Whig; was a del- 
 egate to the State constitutional convention; ilied 
 at Warrenton, Va., January 14, 1867. 
 
 Chilton, Thomas, was born at Klizaliethtowu, 
 Ky.; elected a Representative from Kentucky to 
 the Twentieth and Twenty-third Congresses. 
 
 Chinn, Joseph W. . was born at Nuttsville, Va. ; 
 member of the State house of rei)resentatives; 
 elected a representative from Virginia to the 
 Twenty -second Congress as a Demcjcrat ; reelected 
 to the Twenty-third Congress, defeating John Talia- 
 ferro, Wliig; ilefeated forreelection to the Twenty- 
 fourth Ciingress; died at Richmond, Va., Decem- 
 ber 5, 1 S40, 
 
 Chinn, Thomas W., was born in Kentucky; 
 moved to Baton Rouge. La., where he held sev- 
 eral iiubjic otHces; elected a Repre.scntalive from 
 Louisiana to theTwenly-.sixth Congress as a Whig; 
 
 appointed by President Taylor minister to the 
 Two Sicilies, and served from June 5. 1849, until 
 October of the same year, when he I'esigned. 
 
 Chipman, Daniel, wasbornatSalisljury, Conn., 
 in 1765; graduated from Dartmoutli College in 
 1788; studied law and commenced practice at Rip- 
 ton, Vt. ; member of the State house of represent- 
 atives for several years, serving four years as 
 speaker; elected a Representative from Vermont 
 to the Fourteenth Congress as a Federalist: died 
 at Ripton, Vt., April 23, 18.50. 
 
 Chipman, J. Logan, of Detroit, ;\Iich., was 
 born at Detroit, Mic-li., June 5, 1830; educated in 
 the schools of that city and at the University of 
 Michigan: engaged in the Lake Superior region as 
 an explorer for the ilontreal Alining Company in 
 1S46; admitted to the bar in 1854, and jiarticipated 
 in making the treaty of Detroit with the Ottawas 
 and Chippewas of Michigan; assistant clerk of the 
 State house of repre-sentativesof Jlicliigan in 1853; 
 elected city attorney of Detroit in 18.56, and held 
 that position till 1861; elected to the ^lichigan leg- 
 islature in 1863; appointed attorney of the police 
 board of Detroit in 1865; ran for Congress on the 
 Democratic ticket in 1866, liut was defeated; re- 
 tained the office of attorney of police till May 1, 
 1879, when he was elected judge of the sujierior 
 court of Detroit, to which position lie was reelected 
 at the end of six years; elected to the Fiftieth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat, and reelected to the Fifty- 
 first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses; died 
 August 1*7, 1893. 
 
 Chipman, John S., was born in W^rmont; 
 graduated from ;\liddlebury College in 1823; moved 
 to Centerville, Mich., where he held .several local 
 offices; elected a Representative from Michigan 
 to the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat; 
 moved to California. 
 
 Chipman, Nathaniel, was born at Salisliurv, 
 Conn., November 1.5, 1752; graduated from Yale 
 College in 1777; studied law and commenced prac- 
 tice at Tinmouth, Vt.; was professor of law at 
 ]\Iiddlebury College for many years; elected a 
 judge of the State supreme court in 1786 and 
 cho.sen chief justice in 1789; appointed judge of 
 the United States district court in 1791, .serving 
 until 1794, when he was again elected chief justice 
 of the State supreme court; elected United States 
 vSenator from Vermont in place of Isaac Tichenor, 
 resigned, serving from November 22, 1797, until 
 March 3, 1803; died at Tinmouth, A't., Feliruarv 
 13, 1843. 
 
 Chipman, Norton P., was born at Milford 
 Center, Ohio, ^larch 7, 1834; educated in the 
 public schools; moved to Iowa in 1845 and entered 
 Washington College; afterwards attended the law 
 school at Cincinnati; returned to Washington, 
 Iowa, and commenced the practice of law; entered 
 the Union Army and attained the rank of briga- 
 dier-general; settled at Washington, D. C, where 
 he had previously been on duty for two years; 
 appointed secretary of the Territorial government 
 of the District of Columbia at its organization; 
 elected as a Delegate from the District of Columliia 
 to the Forty-second Ccingress as a Republican and 
 reelected to the Forty-third Congress; moved to 
 California and engaged in the lumber business. 
 
 Chittenden, Martin, was born at Salisburv, 
 Conn., March 12, 1769; moved with his jiaretitsio 
 Williston, Vt., in 1776; graduated from Dartmouth 
 College in 1789; engaged in agricultural jiursuits; 
 delegate to the State convention that ratified the 
 Federal Constitution; elected clerk of Chittcmlen 
 
452 
 
 CONGKESSIONAL DIKKCTOKY. 
 
 County in 1790; mombor of tlio State linusc nf 
 lopri'scntiitivt's 17(10 to 17SI0; jiidjio of the (.'liittcn- 
 «U-n t'ounty court I7!i:{-I7!l"i and chief justice 179(>- 
 lSO:i; elected a Hepresentative froiii X'eriiiont. to 
 tlie Kijrhth, Ninth. Tenth, Kleventh, and Twelfth 
 ("on;;resseM; Kovernor of Veiiiiont ISIIi and lsi4; 
 jiidjre of j)rolMite I.SL'1-1S:.'3; died at \\'illiston, \'t.. 
 Septeudx-rS, 1841. 
 
 Chittenden, Simeon B.. of Hrooklyn, X. Y.. 
 wa.'i horn at tiuilfonl. Conn., ^hl^■ll L'!l. 1814; re- 
 ceived an acaileniic education; entered a store in 
 early life at New Haven, Conn.; moved to New 
 York in I84;i, where he en-ra^ied in mercantile 
 pursuits; vice-president of the New York ( 'haniher 
 of Commerce from 18ti7 to 18(i0; a I'residential 
 elector in 1872; one of the first directors in the 
 Continental Hank and in the Continental Fire 
 Insurance Com|iany; trustee of the United States 
 Trust Company ; director in the Delaware, Lacka- 
 wanna and Western and other railroads; president 
 of the New Haven and New London Shore l^ine 
 Uailroad of Connectiiut; elected to the Forty- 
 third, Forty-fourth, Forty-tilth, and Forty-sixth 
 Congresses as a Kei>ul)licau; founder of tlieChurch 
 of till! Pilj;rims, the Mrooklyn l>ilirary, and the 
 Long Island Historical Society; contriliuleil liher- 
 ally to the support of each; to Yale I'uiversitv, in 
 1887, lie ;.'ave $2nO,000, including: $100,000 for a 
 new fireproof lihrary huildin^, and proportioiuite 
 sums to the Hrooklyu .Art .\ssociatiou, Youufj 
 Women's Christian .Association, Children'.s .Aid 
 Society, the l\ve and l^ar lulirmary, and to Yale 
 Cniversity for the emlowment of a i>rofessorship, 
 conditioned that it should not be named after 
 himdurinj: his lifetime; died at Brooklvn, X. Y., 
 Ai>ril 14, 1880. 
 
 Chittenden, Thomas C, was born in Massa- 
 chusetts; moved to Adams, .lefferson Comity, X. 
 Y., and lield several local oHices there; elected 
 a Ke|)re.sentative from New York to the Twenty- 
 sixth and Tweuty-seventh Conf;re.'<ses as a AVhi;;. 
 
 Choate, Rufus, was born at Ipswich, Ma.s8., 
 October 1, 1700; spent his early life on a farm; 
 graduatcii from Hartiiiouth College in 1810; tutor 
 at Dartmouth College for one year; studied law 
 and commenced practice at Danvers; member of 
 the State house of rejiresentatives in 182.5 and 
 State senator in 182(); moved to Saleni in 1828; 
 elected a Ki'|>re.«entative from Ma.«.''achusetts to 
 the Twenty-second Congress as a Whig; reelected 
 to the Twenty-third Congress by an increa.sed 
 majority, but resigned at the close of the first 
 ses-xion; elected a United States Senator from 
 Ma.s.Hachusetts (to (ill the vacancy caused by the 
 resignation of Daniel Webster) and serveil from 
 March 1, 1841, to March S, 184.'!, ile<'lining a reelec- 
 tion; Regent of the Smithsonian Institution, but 
 resigiunl February 2, 1.8.").5, as he could not indorse 
 the management of it ; ilecline<l a .-^eat on the bench 
 of the Stale supreme court; delegate to the Whig 
 natiiinal convention at lialtimore in I.s.i2; declined 
 theattornev-generalshipof Ma.-vsachu setts in 18511; 
 iliefl at Halifax. Nova Scotia, .Inly Li, 1.8.")0. 
 
 Chrisman, James S., \va.« born in Kentucky; 
 a delegate to the State constitutional convention 
 in 1840; elected a Representative from Kentucky 
 totlieTliirty-thirdCongre.-'sasa Democrat; claimed 
 to have been eleete<l to the Thirty-sixth Conirre.ss, 
 but the n<iuse gave the s<-at to Anderson; Repre- 
 wntative from Kentucky to the First and Second 
 C'onfetlerate Cijngn-sst-.f. 
 
 Christiancy, Isaac P., wa.a liorn at Canoga 
 (then Julinstowu), N. Y., March 12, 1812; n.-eeiviil 
 
 his education at the .Tohnstown and Ovid acade- 
 mies; studieil law; moved to Monroe, Mich., in 
 18.'J(i, and soon afterwards commen<-ei| ]iractice; 
 prosecuting attorney for Monroe County 1841-184(); 
 delegate to the Hnffalo convention in' 1.S48; State 
 senatorin 18.'">(l-lK."i2; unsuccei*sful Free Soil candi- 
 date for governor in 18.i2; deletrate to the lirst 
 Republican national convention in I'hiladelphia in 
 18.')li; became editor and proprietor of the Monroe 
 Commercial in 18.57; unsucc scfnl candidate for 
 United States fM-nator; elected a juiige of the 
 su]ireme court of Michigan in 18.'>7, and reelecti-d 
 in 1805 and 187S; cho.-en <-hief justice in 1872; 
 United Slates Senator from 1875 until 1870, when 
 he resigned, owing to ill health; serveil two years 
 a.s United States minister to Peru; died at Lansjiug, 
 Mich., Septend)er 8, 1890. 
 
 Christie, Gabriel, was Iwrn in Maryland; 
 elected a Kepresentative from that State to the 
 Third. Fourth, and Sixth Congresses. 
 
 Churchill, John Charles, was born at Mooers, 
 X. Y., .lanuary 17, 1821; received his e<lucationat 
 Burr Seminary, Vermont, ami Middlebury Col- 
 lege, A'ennont, graduating in 1.S4.'{; taught lan- 
 guages for two years at C;L«tleton Seminarv; tutor 
 for one year at JIid<llebury College; studied law, 
 au<i in 1.S47 admitted to the bar; eonimeiiced prac- 
 tice at Oswego, X. Y.; member of the board of 
 ediK-ation of ( )swego city from 185.'J to 18.5t), and of 
 the board of supervisors of ( >swcgo County, 18.54 
 and 18.55; districtattorney for OswegoCounty from 
 1857 to 1800; judge of Oswego County from 1860 
 to 18(54; elected a Rei)reseiitative from Xew York 
 to the Forti(>th Congress as a Republican, and re- 
 1 electeil to the Forty-tirst Congress. 
 
 Churchwell, William M. , was horn near Knox- 
 ville, Tenii.; one of the judges for Knox County; 
 elected a Repre.sentative from Tennes.«ee to the 
 Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat, ami re- 
 elected to the Thirty-third Congress. 
 
 Cilley, Bradbury, was born at Xottingham, 
 X. II., February 1, 1700; e<lucated in the imblic 
 schools; elected a Representative from Xew Hamp- 
 shire to the Thirteenth Congress on the I'eace 
 ticket, headed by Daniel Webster; reelected to 
 the Fourteenth Congress as a Fi'deralist, .serving 
 from May 24, 181.'!, until March :{. 1817; was an aid- 
 de-camp to (ioveriior <iillman; died at Xotting- 
 ham, December 17, 1831. 
 
 Cilley, Jonathan, was lx)rn at Nottingham, 
 X. IL, .July 2, 1.802; graduated from Bowdoin Col- 
 lege in 1825; studied law, ainl in 1820 commenced 
 practice at Thomaston, Me.; editor of the Tliom- 
 aston Ri'gister 1820-18:11; member of the State 
 house of representatives 18:j2 to 1.8:i7, serving as 
 s|ieaker for two years; electeil a Representative 
 from Maine to the Twenty-tilth (.'ongn-ss ils a 
 Van Ruren Democrat, serving from .Septeml«'r 4, 
 1887, to February 24, 18;18, when he wa.s kille<l in 
 a duel near Washington bv ^Vi^iam Ciravi^ti, a 
 Representative from Kentucky. 
 
 Cilley, Joseph, was born at Nottingham, X. IL, 
 January 4, 1701; comnii.>isii>iuil as ensign of .'^tate 
 militia October 17, 1811, and ius ensign in the 
 Regular .\rmy March 12, 1812; served through 
 the Kevolntionary war and resigned in .Inly, 181ti; 
 aid-di'-camp to (ioveriior llenjamin Pierce in 1827; 
 elected to the United States Senate as a Democrat 
 (to lill the vacancy caiiM-d by the resignation of 
 Ix-vi Woodbury, who had l>een appointed a jus- 
 tice of the Siipn-me Court) .serving from .liine 22, 
 1846, until March 3, 1847; relireU to his fariu near 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 453 
 
 Nottincrham, N. H., where he i^peiit the remainder 
 of his life; died at Nottingham, N. H., September 
 16, 1887. 
 
 Claflin, William, of Newton, Mass., was born at 
 Milford,!Mass., March 6, 1818; ecUicatedinthepuljlic 
 schools and at Brown University ; engaged for many 
 years in the shoe and leather business at St. Louis, 
 Mo., and afterwards at Boston; a member of the 
 State house of representatives 1849-1852, and of the 
 State senate 1860 and 1H61, serving the last year as 
 presidentof the senate; memberof the Kopulilican 
 national e.xecutive committee from 1.S64 to IST.'i, 
 serving as chairman from 1S6S to 1872; lieutenant- 
 governor of Massachusetts 1866-1869; governor of 
 Massachusettsl870-1872; elected to the Forty-tifth 
 and Forty-sixth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Clagett, Clifton, was born at Portsmouth, N. H., 
 December I!, 1762; received a liljeral education; 
 studied law and commenced practice at Litch- 
 field in 1787; appointed judge of proliate for 
 Hillsboro County in 1811, and moved to Am- 
 hersl; repre-sentative from Litchfield in the legis- 
 lature for several years, and from Amherst in 1816; 
 elected a Representative from New Hamjishire to 
 the Eighth Congress; appointed a justice of the 
 peace and quorum in 1808; appointed a judge of 
 the superior court in 1812; again elected to the 
 Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses; appointed 
 judge of probate August 5, 1823, and held the office 
 until his death, which occurred at Amherst, Jan- 
 uary 29, 1829. 
 
 Clagett, William H. , was born at Ujiper Marl- 
 boro, Md., September 21, 1838; received a Mmited 
 education; studied law and afterwards practiced; 
 member of the legislature of Nevada in 1862-63, 
 and 186.5; elected a Representative from Montana 
 to the Forty-second Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Claiborne, John, was born in Virginia; re- 
 ceived a liberal education; elected a Rejiresenta- 
 tive from Virginia to the Ninth and Tenth 
 Congresses, serving from December 2, 1805, imtil 
 his death, which occurred in 1808. 
 
 Claiborne, John F. H., was born at Natchez, 
 Miss.; educated in Virginia; studied law and 
 admitted to the bar; commenced practice at 
 Natchez; member of the State legislature for sev- 
 eral years; elected a Representative fnim Missis- 
 si]ipi to the Twenty-fourth Congress as a .Tuckson 
 Democrat; claimed to have been reelected to the 
 Twenty-fifth Congress, the House admitting him 
 to his seat October 3, 1837, but subsequently 
 reversing its decision and declaring the seat vacant, 
 serving from December 7, 18.35, to January 31, 
 1838; defeated for reelection to the Twentv'-fifth 
 Congress; editor of the Natchez Free Trader and 
 subsequently the Louisiana Courier; apjiointed by 
 President Pierce United States live-oak timber 
 agent for the districts of Louisiana and Mississijipi. 
 
 Claiborne, Nathaniel Herbert, was born in 
 Sussex County, Va., November 14, 1767; received 
 a liberal education; memiier of the State hou.se 
 of delegates for several years; an executive coun- 
 cilor; elected a Representative from ^'irginia to 
 the Nineteenth Congress, defeating Jabez Left- 
 wich; reelected to the Twentieth Congress; re- 
 elected to the Twenty-first, Twenty-second, 
 Twenty-third, and Twenty-fourth Congresses with- 
 out opposition; died at Rockymount, Va., August 
 15, 1839. , , s 
 
 Claiborne, Thomas (father of John and 
 Thomas (Uaiborne), was born at Brunswick, Va. ; 
 received a liberal education; elected a Repnssent- 
 
 ative from Virginia to the Third, Fourth, and 
 Fifth Congresses; defeated for reelection to the 
 Sixth Congress; elected to the Seventh and Eighth 
 Congresses; died at Brunswick, Va., in 1812. 
 
 Claiborne, Thomas, was born at Brunswick, 
 ^'a. ; elected a Representative from Tennessee to 
 the Fifteenth Congress. 
 
 Claiborne, William Charles Cole, was born 
 in Virginia: studied law ami ciiiiuiienced practice 
 at Nashville, Tenn.; delegate to the State consti- 
 tutional convention; elected a Rejiresentative from 
 Tennessee to the Fifth and Sixth Congresses; 
 appointed governor of the Territory of Mississijipi 
 in 1801 and of the newly acijuired Louisiana in 
 1804; governor of Louisiana 1812 to 1816; elected 
 a United States Senator from Louisiana as a 
 Democrat, but died, before taking his seat, at New 
 Orleans, November 23, 1817. 
 
 Clancy, John M., of Brooklyn, N. Y., was 
 born in Ireland May 7, 1837; 'emigrated with 
 his parents to New York; educated in the pulilic 
 schools of Brooklyn; engaged in real estate busi- 
 ness; served as an alderman of the city of Brook- 
 lyn 1868-1875; member of the State assembly 1878- 
 1881 ; elected to the Fifty-first Congress as a'Demo- 
 crat; reelected to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third 
 Congresses. 
 
 Clapp, Asa W. H., was born at Portland, Me., 
 in 1,805; graduated from the military academy at 
 Norwich,. Vt., in 1823; engaged in mercantile pur- 
 suits; elected a Representative from Maine to the 
 Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat; director for 
 many years of the !Maine (ieneral Jlospital, the 
 Portland Public Library, and of other institutions; 
 died at Portland, Me., March 22, 1891. 
 
 Clapp, Moses Edwin, of St. Paul, Minn., was 
 born at Delphi, Ind., May 21, 1851; his parents 
 moved to Hudson, Wis., in 1857; after obtaining 
 a common sc'hool education, graduated from the 
 Wisconsin Law School in 1873; elected county 
 attorney of St. Croix County, Wis., in 1878; 
 moved "to Fergus Falls, Minn., in 1881 and resided 
 there until 1891 ; elected attorney-general of Min- 
 nesota in 1887, 1889, and 1891, and moved to St. 
 Paul and made that his permanent home in 1891; 
 elected to tiie United States Senate as a Repub- 
 lican January 23, 1901, to fill the vacancy occa- 
 sioned by the death of Senator Davis, of Minnesota, 
 and took his seat .January 28, 1901. 
 
 Clardy, John D., of Newstead, Ky., was born 
 
 in Smith County, Tenn., August 30, 1828; went 
 with his parents to Christian County, Ky., in 1831; 
 grailuated from Georgetown College, Kentucky, 
 in 1848, at the age of 19; studied medicine aiid 
 graduated in the medical department of the 
 University of Pennsylvania in 1851; practiced 
 medicine for a number of years; devoted some 
 time to general farming and "stcjck raising: elected 
 to represent Christian County in the constitutional 
 convention in 1890; candidate for governor in 1891 ; 
 appointed and served as one of the State commis- 
 sioners to the Columbian Exposition at Chicago in 
 1893; elected to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth 
 Congresses as a Democrat! 
 
 Clardy, Martin Linn, of Farmington, JIo., 
 was Ixjrn in Ste. Genevieve County, Mo. ; educated 
 at the St. Louis University and the University of 
 Virginia; lawyer by profession; elected to "the 
 Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, Forty- 
 ninth, and Fiftieth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Clark, Abraham, was born near lOIizabeth- 
 town, N. J., February 15, 1726; studied law, after- 
 
4') 4 
 
 rONOKKSSIONAI. DIKKCTI IHV 
 
 warils i)iitilirin); at Itjiliwav; sheriff of Union 
 County; i-li'rk of the i>rovincial assciMlily: a Dele- 
 }rate from Now Jersey to the Continental Con- 
 gress 177()-17S2 ami "iTST-SS; ilele-iate to tlie 
 conventions of \~Hi and 17.S7; niemlier of tlie State 
 house of representatives 17S2-l7f<7; elected a l{i'i>- 
 resentalive from New" Jersey to tlie Seronil anil 
 Third Con^iresses, serving from Oetobcr 24, 17'.n, 
 until his death, at Rahwav, N. J., September 15, 
 17!14. ■ . 
 
 Clark, Alvah A., of Somerville, N. J., was 
 horn at l-ehanon, N. J., September i:?, 1S40; pre- 
 pared for eolle^'e, then eommoneed the study of 
 law; admitted as an attorney in November, 1864; 
 eounselor in Feliriuiry, 1S(>7; never was a candi- 
 date for any position until nominated for Ccmftress; 
 ejected to" the Forty-tiflh and Forty-sixth Con- 
 j;rea«es as a Democrat. 
 
 Clark, Ambrose W., was born near Coopei-s- 
 towM, N. Y., I'cbniary W, ISIO; educated in the 
 public schools; publisher of the ()tsej;o Journal 
 lor live years, of the Northern Journal in Ia^wIs 
 Comity for ei;;ht years, and of the Northern New 
 York Journal at Watertown for sixteen years; 
 electeil a Kepii'sentative from New York to the 
 Thirty-sevenlh and Thirty-ei}.'lith Congresses as a 
 Kepuiilican, serviiif,' from" July 4, 1861, to March 
 .S, l.S()5; appointed consul at Valjiaraiso by Presi- 
 dent J.incoln and served from IStin to IStiO; in 18li9 
 acted as charge il'affaires in Chile in the absence 
 of the minister. 
 
 Clark, Amos, jr., was l)orn at AVestlield, N. J., 
 November s, I,s27; received a liberal eibication; 
 engaged in business in New York City, still re- 
 maining a resident of Klizabeth where he was 
 largely inti'rested in real estate; member of city 
 couni-il of that city in ISll.") and ISfiti; electe(l State 
 senator and si'rved from l.Stiti to 1S»>9; I'resideiitial 
 eli'ctor on the Ke]iublicaii ticket in 1H72; elected 
 a Ri'pnsentalive from New Jersey to the Forty- 
 third Congress as a Repulilican. 
 
 Clark, Champ, of Bowling Green, ifo., was 
 born March 7, 1S.50, in .Vnderson County. Ky.; 
 educated in the common schools, Kentucky I'ni- 
 versity, Bethany College, and Cincinnati Law 
 School; president of Marshall Collegi', \\'est Vir- 
 ginia, lS7:)-74; worked as a hired farm hand, 
 clerked in a I'ountry store, edited a country news- 
 paper, and practiced law; city attoriu'y of Lou- 
 isiana and Howling (ireeii; deputy jiro.secuting 
 attorney and prosecuting attorney: I'resideiitial 
 elector; delegate to Trans-Mississipiii Congress at 
 Denver; elec'ted to the Fifty-third Congress; de- 
 feateil for the Fifty-fourth; electe<l to the Fifly- 
 tifth. Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congres.«e8, 
 and reelected to the Fifty-eighth Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Clark, Charles B. , of Noenah, Wis., was born at 
 Theresa. .Icffcrson Comity, X. Y., Augu.-t L'4, 1844; 
 received a common school education; moved to 
 Wisconsin in ls.i.">, and settled in Neenah; engaged 
 in manufacturing; enlisted inCompanv L Twenty- 
 first \Vi.sci>nsiii X'oluntcer Infantry at its organiza- 
 tion, and served with thi'sameiluringthewar, held 
 various minor local ntliccs; elected a member of 
 the as.sembly for ISH.'); elected to the Fiftieth and 
 Fiftv-tirst Congresses as a Republican; died Sep- 
 tember 10, IsiM. 
 
 Clark, Charles N., of Hannibal, Afo., was liorn 
 in Cortland County. N. Y., .\ugust I'l, 1SL>7; edu- 
 cated at Hamilton, N. Y., and moved to Illinois in 
 IS.VI; when the war broke out lie assisted in raising 
 a company of cavalry, which was made Company 
 
 ti. Third Illinois Cavalry, August 6, IKfil, and 
 went directly iiit<i active serviceat the front under 
 Col. K. A. Carr; becoming iiisable(l from further 
 service, he left the Army in \SC).i and located in 
 Hannibal in .\pril, ISIJ.t; became interested in 
 the Mississippi Kiver bottom lands in Illinois, o|>- 
 posite the cily of Hannibal, in IS7(), ancl imme- 
 diately begjin the wi>rk of their reclamation; lie- 
 gan active work of ere<'tiiig the Sny Islanil levee in 
 lK72 and completed it in 1874, reclaiming over 
 100,001) acres of land from overflow by the river; 
 engaged in farming tlie.se lands for a number of 
 yeai-s; interested in the inij>roveiiient of the Mis- 
 sissippi Kiver; made a member of the executive 
 committee for the iniprovenieiit of Western water- 
 ways; I'lected to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a 
 Keimblican. 
 
 Clark, Christopher, was bom in Virginia in 
 17t)7; receiveil a lilienil education; stTidied law and 
 ]>racticed; member ipf thi' Slate legislature for sev- 
 eral yeaiv; elected a Representative from Virginia 
 to the F.ighth ( 'ongress as a Jeftersonian Democrat, 
 in ])lace of John Trigg, deccjised; reelecte<l to tlie 
 Ninth Congress, serving from Novemlx^r h, 1804, 
 until Julv 1, 18(W), when he resigned; died near 
 New London, Va., Novemln-r 21, 1828. 
 
 Clark, Clarence Don, of lOvanston, Wyo., was 
 born at Sandy Creek, Oswego County, N. Y., .\iiril 
 1(>, I8.")l; educated in the common schools and at 
 the Iowa State Cniversity; admitteil to the bar in 
 1874; taught school and practiced law in Delaware 
 County, Iowa, until 1881; in that year moved to 
 F,vaiiston, Wyo.; ))rosecuting attorney for I'inta 
 County four years; delegate to the national Re])iib- 
 lican coMveiiliousof ISSSand I'.MIil; appoiriti-il a.s.so- 
 ciate justice of the Territory of Wyoming in IH'.M), 
 but (lei'liiied the oflice; upon the admission of 
 Wyoming as a .Stjite was elected to the Fifty-tirst 
 and Fifty-.seconil Congresses as a Republican; <ie- 
 feated for the Fifty-third Congress by a fusion of 
 Democrats and I'o|)ulists; electeil January 2;!, bHO,"!, 
 to the Cnited States .Senate for the term ending 
 March :{, I8!t!l, to till the vacancy caused by the 
 failure of the legislature to elect in 18!l2-!i:!, and 
 on Januarv 24, 1,89!), reelected for the term of 
 l.S9<t-lil0.5. " 
 
 Clark, Daniel, was born at Slratham, N. H., 
 October 24, ISd'l; graduated from Dartmouth Col- 
 lege in 1S.".4; studied law ami in 1S37 commenced 
 jiractice at Kppiiig, N. II.; beianie a resident of 
 Manchester in IsHil; memlierof the State legisla- 
 ture 1842, 1S4:!, lS4(i, 18.=>4, and 18.i.t; electe.l a 
 Uniteil States Senator from New Hampshire it-s a 
 Reimblican in the |>lace of James Bell, decea.se<l; 
 reelected, serving from Deci-mber 7, 1.857, to July, 
 18l>ti, when be resigned; President ]iro tempore 
 of the Senate during the lii>t session of the 
 Thirty-eighth Congress; ajipointed July 27. 18(i(i, 
 fiiited Stales district judge, wliii'h ollice be held 
 until his death; presiileni of the New Hampshire 
 constitutional convention in 187H: dieil in Man- 
 chester, N. II.. January 2. ISiil. 
 
 Clark, Ezra jr., was iHirn in Veniiont; moved 
 to llartfoiil. Conn.; elected a Ki'|iifsenlative from 
 ( 'onnecticut to the Tbirly-fouilh Congress as an 
 American Republican: reelecleil to the Thirty-fifth 
 Congress. 
 
 Clark, Franklin, was born in Maine; e<lucate<i 
 ill till' public schools: engaged in mi-rcanlile pur- 
 suits al Wisciusset, Me.; member of the Slate house 
 of representatives: an executive councilor in \)i!i!S\ 
 elected a repn'sentalive from Maine to the Thir- 
 tieth Congre.s.s as a Democrat. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 455 
 
 Clark, Horace F., was boni at Southbury, 
 Conn., in 1815; graduated from Williams College; 
 studied law ami (•ommenoed jiractice in New York 
 City, where he became prominent in tinancial, 
 political, and railroad circles; elected a Represent- 
 ative from New York to the Thirty-fifth Congress 
 as a Democrat; reelected to the Thirty -sixth Con- 
 gress; died at New York City June 19, 1873. 
 
 Clark, James, was born in Bedford County, 
 V'a., in 1779; moved witli his (larents to Ciark 
 County, Ky.; received a liberal education; stud- 
 ied law in Virginia and commenced practice at 
 Winchester, Ky., in 1797; member of the State 
 house of representatives for several years; ap- 
 pointed judge of the court of appeals in 1810; 
 elected a Representative from Kentucky to the 
 Thirteenth C^ongress as a Clay Democrat ; reelected 
 to the Fourteenth Congress without opposition, 
 serving from May 24, 1813, to 1816, when he re- 
 signed; judge of the circuit court 1817-1824; 
 elected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty- 
 first Congresses; elected governor of Kentucky in 
 1836; died at Frankfort, Ky., August 27, 1839. 
 
 Clark, James W. , was born in Bertie County, 
 N. C, March 2, 1781; graduated from Princeton 
 College in 1796: memberof the houseof commons 
 of North Caroluia in 1802, 1803, and 1811; Presi- 
 dential elector on the Madison ticket in 1812; 
 memberof the State senate in 1812, 1813, and 1814; 
 elected a Representative to the Fourteenth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; appointed by Set'retary 
 Branch chief clerk of the Navy Department in 
 1828; died at Washington, D. C., January, 1844. 
 
 Clark, John B. , was born in Madison County, 
 Ky., April 17, 1802; studied law and commencecl 
 practice at Fayette, 31o. ; clerk of the Howard 
 County courts 1824-1834; commanded a regiment 
 of Missouri Mounted Volunteers in the Black Hawk 
 warinl832; commissioned major-general of militia 
 in 1848; memberof the State house of representa- 
 tives 18.50 and 1851; commander of the State force 
 called out to expel the ilormons from Missouri; 
 elected a Representative from Missouri to the 
 Thirty -fifth Congress as a Democrat to fill the 
 vacancy caused by the election of James S. (Treen 
 to the United States Senate; reelecte<l to the 
 Thirty-sixth Congress without opposition, and to 
 the Tliirty -seventh Congress, serving from Decem- 
 ber 7, 1857, until he withdrew; expelled July 13, 
 1861; served as a Senator from Missouri to the 
 First Confederate Congress and as a Representa- 
 tive in the Second Confederate Congress ; brigadier- 
 general in the Confederate service. 
 
 Clark, John B., jr., of Fayette, Mo., wasl)orn 
 at Fayette, Mo., January 14, 1831; attended the 
 common schools; entered Missouri University at 
 the age of 15, but remained only two years; studied 
 law, and afterwards graduateil from the law depart- 
 ment of Harvard University, at Candiridge, Mass.; 
 practiced law from 1855 until the commencement 
 of the civil war, when he entered the C^onfederate 
 army as a lieutenant; promoted successively to be 
 captain, major, colonel, and brigadier-general; 
 elected to the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, Forty- 
 fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses as 
 a Democrat. 
 
 Clark, Lincoln, was born in Hampshire County, 
 Mass., June 6, 1800; spent the early part of his life 
 on a farm; taughtschool; graduated from .\mberst 
 College; studied law and commenced jiracticc in 
 Pickens County, Ala.; member of the State house 
 of representatives in 1834, 1835, and 1845; moved 
 to Tuscaloosa in 1836; appointed attorney-general 
 
 in 1839; appointed United States circuit judge in 
 1846; moved to Dubuque, Iowa, in 1848; Presi- 
 dential elector on the Pierce and King ticket in 
 1852; elected a Representative from Iowa to the 
 Thirty-second Congress; defeated for reelection to 
 the Thirty-fourth Congress; resumed the practice 
 of law. 
 
 Clark, Lot, was born in New York; resided at 
 Norwich; elected a Representative from New Y'ork 
 to the Eighteenth Congress. 
 
 Clark, Robert, was born in Washington 
 County, N. Y. ; receiveda liberal education; mem- 
 ber of the State house of representatives 1812-1815; 
 elected a Representative from New Y'ork to the 
 Sixteenth Congress. 
 
 Clark, Samuel, was born in New York; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the Twenty- 
 third Congress as a Democrat; moved to Kala- 
 mazoo, Mich. ; elected a Representative from 
 Michigan to the Thirty-third Congress as a Dem- 
 ocrat; defeated for reelection to the Thirty-fourth 
 Congress; died at Kalamazoo, Mich., October 2, 
 1870. 
 
 Clark, Samuel M. , of Keokuk, Iowa, was born 
 on a farm in ^'an Buren County, Iowa, October 
 11, 1842; attended a few terms of public school 
 and one year at Des Moines Yalley College; studied 
 law; enlisted as private in Company H, Nine- 
 teenth Iowa Infantry, Ijut was not mustered in 
 because of ill health; admitted to the bar June, 
 1864; editor of the Keokuk Gate City for thirty- 
 one years; delegate to national Republican con- 
 ventions of 1872, 1876, and 1880; elected to the 
 Fifty-fourth Congress as a Republican; reelected 
 to the Fifty-fifth Congress. 
 
 Clark, William, was born at Dauphin, Pa.; 
 treasurer of the State of Pennsvlvania; Treasurer 
 of the United States 1828-1829"; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Pennsylvania to the Twenty-third 
 Congress as a Whig; reelected to the Twenty- 
 fourth Consress: died at Dauphin, Pa., April 28, 
 1841. 
 
 Clark, "William Andrews, Democrat, of Butte, 
 Mont., was liorn on a farm near Connellsville, 
 Fayette County, Pa., January 8, 1839; received a 
 common school education; moved to Iowa -nith 
 his father in 1856; and assisted in farm work for a 
 short time; taught school, and studied law at 
 Mount Pleasant, Iowa; worked in the quartz 
 mines around Central City, Colo., in 1862, and 
 went to Montana in 1863; State orator at the Phil- 
 adelphia Centennial in 1876; elected grand master 
 of the Masonic Fraternity in 1877; major of a bat- 
 talion that pursued Chief Joseph and his Ijand in 
 the Nez Perces invasion of 1877; president of the 
 constitutional convention of the State in 1884; 
 president of the second constitutional convention 
 in 1889; candidate for Congress in 1888, but de- 
 feated because of aschisni in hisown party; elected 
 to the United States Senate l:>y the Democratic 
 legislature in 1890, but was not seated owing to 
 the muddle growing out of the organization of two 
 legislatures in the State, tlie Repul)lican Senators 
 being seated; caucus nominee of his party for the 
 Senate in 1893; assisted materially in retaining 
 the State capital at Helena in a contest Ijetween 
 that city and Anaconda in 1894; exten.sively en- 
 gaged in banking, mining, manufacturing, ami 
 various other business enterprises; elected United 
 States Senator as a Democrat .lanuary 28, 1 899, to 
 succeed Hon. Lee ilantle, Republican: a memorial 
 was filed in the Senate asking that the election of 
 Senator Clark be investigated, which was referred 
 
456 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTOKY. 
 
 to the Committee on Privileges and Elei-tioiic; 
 after an investination a resolulion was rejinrted to 
 llie I'tlVct that tlio I'lectioii was void; this resolu- 
 tion was not a<ii'd upon liy the Senate, as Senator 
 Clark, ill a speeili on May" 1.'), 19(10, stated that he 
 luid sent his resif;iiatian to tlie governor of Mon- 
 tana and desired t<i siilimit the matter to the people 
 of his State, and wnuld ahiile liv tlieir venliet; 
 theactinn tr^ivernor <if the State imiiiedialely ap- 
 pointed liim t'l lill the vacancy created hy his res- 
 icnatidii, Imt he did not present himself to be 
 BWiirn ill miller the credintials; in the Democratic 
 State ciinvention held in Montana in Seplemher a 
 resolution was unaiiimoiisly adippteii demaiidinj.' 
 his reelectiiili to the Senate, and a lejrislative ticket 
 favoiahle to his reelection was overwhelminKly 
 elected in Xoveinher, and on January 16, 1901, 
 was reelecteil for the term of six years to succeed 
 the lion. Tlmnias 11. Carter, anil took his seat 
 March 4, 1901. 
 
 Clark, WilliamT., was bom atXorwalk, Conn., 
 June "JO, l,s;}4; received hiseducation in Conneeti- 
 eutandatXew York City; taught school; studied 
 law In New Y<irk, and'in IS.").! moved to Iowa 
 and eonimenced oractice; served in the I'nion 
 Army, attainin>; the rank of iiiajor-seneral. and | 
 commanded a division in Texas until he was mus- 
 tered out in IStiti; eiifrafied in business at (ialves- 
 ton, Tex.; elected a Kei)n'sentative from Texas to 
 the Korty-first Congress as a Republican; reelected 
 to the Kortv-second Coupress, bnt his seat wassuc- 
 ces-sfully contested bv D. C. Giddinps, Mav IS, ' 
 1872. 
 
 Clarke, Archibald S., was born in New York 
 in 1788; received a liberal education; stu<lied law 
 and admitted to practice; successively clerk, sur- 
 ronate, and judge of Saratoga County; member of 
 the State senate l.si:i-181ti; elected a Representa- 
 tive from New York to the Fourteenth Congress (in 
 the place of I'eter B. Porter, resigned), serving 
 from December 2, ISlti, to March 3, 1817; died at 
 Clarence, N. Y., December 4, 1821. 
 
 Clarke, Bayard, was horn in New York March 
 17, ISl.'i; graduated from Cieneva College; studied 
 lawand admitte<l to ]>ract ice; attache totieneral 
 Ca.ss, minister to Krance, lS:iti-1840; student at the 
 Royal Cavalry .'School; a|>pointed second lieuten- 
 ant in the Eighth Infantry March 3, 1841; trans- 
 ferred to the Second Dragoons in September, 1841, 
 and resigned rtecenilx'r l'>, 184.'i; settled in West- 
 chester County, N. Y.; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Thirty-fourth Congress as 
 an American \\'hig. 
 
 Clarke, Beverly L., was born in Virginia; 
 niovi'd to Keiituckv; member of the State house 
 of representatives in IMl and 1842; delegate to 
 the State constitutional convention in 1849; 
 eleited a Representative from Kentucky to the 
 Thirtieth Congress as a Pemocnit; appointed by 
 President Buchanan minister to (niatemala. and 
 wa-salsoaccriMliteil to Honduras, serving from Jan- 
 uary 7, 18.58, until his death, at (hiatemala, March 
 17, 'im;o. 
 
 Clarke, Charles E., was born at (Ireatliend, 
 N. Y., April 8, 1790; member of the State house 
 of reprt!sentatives 18:!9— 10; eleete<l a Reprewnta- 
 tive from New York to the Thirty-first Congre.>is 
 as a Whig; defeated for reelection to the Thirty- 
 second Congress; died at Greatlx-nd, N. Y., De- 
 cenil)er29, \i^i. 
 
 Clarke, Daniel, a resident of New Orleans, 
 wiu- Delegate from the Territory of Orleans to the 
 Xinlli Congre.".*. 
 
 Clarke, Frank Gay, of Peterboro, N. II., was 
 Iwirn ill Wilton. N. II.. Se|itember 10, IH.iO; tMliicated 
 at Kimball I'liion .\<ademy, .Meriden. N. II.. and 
 at DarliMouth College; adniitteil to the bar in 187t>, 
 and |)iacticed law at Peterlioro; meiiil>er of the 
 State house of repre.si'ntatives in 188.">, of the State 
 senate in 1889; reelecteil to the former in 1891, 
 and chosen speaker of that Ixjdy: appointed colo- 
 nel on the military staff of (iovenior Hale, ami 
 served in that capacity from l.SS.')to 18.S7; elected to 
 the Kifty-liftli Congress asa Republican; reelectcni 
 to the Fifty-sixth Congress; died January 9, 1901. 
 
 Clarke, Freeman, was birn at Troy, N. Y., 
 March 22. 1S09; engaged in mercantile pursuits for 
 a time, and subsei|ueiitly engaged in the hanking 
 business; oflicerof railroad comiiaiiies for thirty- 
 live years; Presiilential elector in l.'^.^ti; appoiiite<I 
 Comptroller of the Currency in tin' I'nited States 
 Treasury Department in 18t).'>; member of the State 
 constitutional convention of 18(17; electeila Repre- 
 sentative from New York to the Thirty-eighth 
 Congress as a Republican; elected to the Forty- 
 second Congress. 
 
 Clarke, Henry S. , wius born in Beaufort County. 
 N. ('.. ill Isol; graduated from the Cniversity of 
 North Carolina in 1S2S; studied law ami com- 
 menced practice at Washington; member of the 
 State house of commons in 18;W and 1k:{4; electwl 
 a representative from North Carolina to the 
 Twenty-ninth Congre.ss as a Democrat. 
 
 Clarke, John B. , was born near AugMPta, 
 Bracken County, Ky., April 14, 18:«; received his 
 education at Augusta; studieil lawand in 18.">4 was 
 admitted to the bar; county attorney of Bracken 
 County lS58-18t>2; electe<l to the State .senate of 
 Kentucky in 18()7; elected a Representative from 
 Kentucky to the Korty-fonrth and Forty-tifth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Clarke, John C, was born in Connecticut 
 March 8, 1793; graduated from Williams College 
 in 1811; movt^i to Chenango County. N. Y.; elected 
 a member of the State ius.senibly iii 182t); elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Twentieth 
 Congress as a Democrat; elected to the Twenty- 
 fifth Congress a!! a Democrat, bnt changed his 
 j)olitics on the appearance of President Van 
 Bnren's me.s.sage in ls:i7; reelected to the Twenty- 
 sixth and Tweiity-.seventh Congres.-es as a Whig; 
 First Auditor of t'lie Treasurv from August 2. 1849, 
 to October 31, 184it; died in 18.=i2. 
 
 Clarke, John H., was born at Klizaliethtown, 
 N. .1., in 1791; graduated from Brown I'liiversity 
 in 1S09; stuilied law and commenced practice at 
 Providence; engaged in manufacturing; iiiemlier 
 of the State house of ri'presentatives; electi'<l a 
 I'liited States Senator from Rhode Island as a 
 Whig, serving from December 11, 1S47, to March 3, 
 1,8.13^ died at I'mvideiice, K. 1., 1870. 
 
 Clarke, Reader Wright, was iMirn at Bethel, 
 Ohio, Mav IS, 1S12; receivi'd a liberal education 
 and learned the art of printing; stuilii-il law and 
 afterwards prai'tice<l; memlHT of the < ihio legisla- 
 ture in 1S40, 1841, and 1842; Presidential elector 
 in 1844; clerk of the court of Clermont County 
 from 184ti to IS.">2; elected a Repres<'iitative from 
 Ohio to tlu' Thirty-ninth ainl Fortieth Congri-s.<es 
 as a |{epiibli<an." appoiiiteil by President (irant 
 Thinl .\uditorof the Treasury, serving from March 
 211, istl9, to Marc'h 2t>, 1870; a(>pointe«l a eolleitor 
 of internal n-venue in Ohio; ditnl May 23, 1872. 
 
 Clarke, Richard H.. .'f M.ibile, Ala., was 
 born in Marengo Cuniv. .\la., February 9. 1843; 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 457 
 
 graduated from the University of Alabama in July, 
 1861; serveil in the Confederate army as lieuten- 
 ant in the First Battalion of Alabama Artillery; 
 aduiitted to the practice of the law in 1867; 
 State solicitor (prosecuting attorney) for JIarengo 
 County from 1872 to 1876; prosei'uting attorney 
 of the .seventh judicial circuit from 1876 to 1877; 
 elected to the Fifty-first Congress as a Democrat; 
 reelected to the Fifty-second, Fifty-third, and Fifty- 
 fourth Congresses. 
 
 Clarke, Sidney, was born at Southbridge, 
 Mass., October 16, 1831; educated in the pub- 
 lic schools; jinlilisher of the Soutliliridge Press; 
 went to Kansas and served in the State legislature 
 in 1862; captain and assistant provost-marshal- 
 general in the war for the suppression of the re- 
 bellion; clecteil a Kepresentative from Kansas to 
 the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican; re- 
 elected to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses. 
 
 Clarke, Staley N., resided at Ellicottsville, 
 Cattaraugus County, N. Y.; elected a Representa- 
 tive from New York to the Twenty-seventh Con- 
 gress as a Whig. 
 
 Clarkson, Matthew, was born at Philadelphia, 
 Pa.; Delegate from Pennsylvania to the Conti- 
 nental Congress 178.5-86. 
 
 Clawson, Isaiah D., was born at \\'oodstown, 
 N. J., IMarch 30, 1822; graduated from Princeton 
 College, 1840; studied medicine and graduate(l, in 
 1843, from the University of Pennsylvania; com- 
 menced practice at Woodstown, N. J.; mendserof 
 the State house of representatives in 18.53; elected 
 a Representative from Xew Jersey to the Thirty- 
 fourth Congress as a Whig; reelected to the 
 Thirty-fifth Congress. 
 
 Clay, Alexander Stephens, of :\Iarietta, Cobb 
 County, <ia.. was born September 25, 18.53, on a 
 farm in Cobb County; received his primary and 
 preparatory education in the countrv schools and 
 the high school at Palmetto, Ca.; graduated from 
 Hiaw-assee College in 1875; taught school for two 
 years; studied law, and admitted to the bar in 
 Septend ler, 1 877, and practiced ; member of the city 
 council in 1880 and in 1881; represented Cobb 
 County in the general assembly of the State in 
 1884-80 and 1886-87; in the latte'rterm was elected 
 speaker in-o tempore; reelected for 1889-90, and 
 served as si leakcr fi ir two years ; elected to t he State 
 senate in 1892, and .served" as president of that body 
 for two years; chairman of the State Democratic 
 executive committee in 1894, and conducted the 
 State campaign between the Democrats and Popu- 
 lists that year; reelected to the same position in 
 1896; elected to the United States Senate as a 
 Democrat, to succeed John B. Gordon, in October, 
 1896, for the term 1897-1903, and reelected for the 
 term 1903-1909. 
 
 Clay, Brutus J. , was born in Madison County, 
 Ky., .July 1, 1808; educated at Danville College; 
 engaged in farudng and stock raising in Bourbon 
 County, Ky. ; member of the State house of rejire- 
 sentatives in 1840 and 1860; president of the Bour- 
 bon County Agricultural Societv, and president of 
 the_State Agricultural Society of Kentucky 1853- 
 1857; elected a Representative from Kentucky to 
 the Thirty-i'ighth Congress as a Unionist; after 
 hisretirement from Congress devoted himself to 
 agricultural jiursuits. 
 
 Clay, Clement Comer (father of C. C. Clay, jr. ), 
 was born in IlaHfax County, Va., Decendier 17, 
 1789; educated in the public" schools; studied law, 
 and in 1811 moved to Huntsville, Ala., where he 
 
 connnenced practice; served in the war against the 
 Creek Indians in 1813; mendjer of the Territorial 
 council of Alabama in 1817; elected a judge of the 
 circuit court in 1819, and chief justice in 1820, re- 
 signing in 1823; member of the State legislature of 
 Alabama in 1827; elected a Representative from 
 Alabama to the Twenty-first Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; governor of Afaliama 1836-37; elected a 
 United States Senator from Alabama to fill a 
 vacancy caused by the resignation of John McKin- 
 ley and served from September 4, 1837, until 1841, 
 when he resigned; judge of the supreme court in 
 1843; codified the laws of Alabama 1842-43; died 
 at Huntsville, Ala., SHjitendjer 7, 1866. 
 
 Clay, Clement Comer, jr. , was born at Madi- 
 son, Ala., in 1819; graduated from the University 
 of Alabama; stmiied law at the Universitv of Vir- 
 ginia and graduated in 1839; commenced" practice 
 at Huntsville, Ala.; member of the State house 
 of representatives of Alabama in 1842, 1844, and 
 1845; judge of the county court of Madison County 
 1845-1850; Presidential elector on the Pierce and 
 King ticket in 1852; unsuccessful candidate for 
 Congress in 1853; elected to the United States 
 Senate as a Democrat in 1S53, and unanimously 
 reelected in 18.59; withdrew from the Senate De- 
 cendier 10, 1860; elected to the Confederate State- 
 senate 1861-1863; appointed a diplomatic agent of 
 the Confederate States; arrested and imprisoned in 
 Fort Monroe in 1865; settled on his plantation, 
 Jackson County, Ala,, and devoted himself to 
 agricultural pursuits. 
 
 Clay, Henry, was born in Hanover County, 
 Ya., April 12, 1777; spent the early part of his life 
 on a farm, receiving a limited education; at the 
 age of 15 began the study of law at Richmond; 
 adnntted to the liar in 1797, and commenced firac- 
 tice at Lexington, Ky. ; member of the State house 
 of representatives in 1803; elected a United States 
 Senator from Kentucky (in place of John Adair, 
 resigned ) , serving from December 29, 1806, to ;\Iarch 
 3, 1807; again a member of the State house of rep- 
 resentatives 1808-1809, serving as speaker the last 
 year; again elected a United' States Senator (in 
 jilace of But'kner Tiiruston ) , resigned, serving from 
 February 5, 1810, to :\Iarch 3, 1811 ; elected a Rep- 
 resentative to the Twelfth and Thirteenth Con- 
 gresses, serving as Sjieaker of the House from 
 November 4, 1811, to January 19, 1814, when he 
 resigned; appointed one of the commissioners to 
 negotiate a treaty of peace with Great Britain; 
 elected a Representative from Iventucky to the 
 Fourteenth, Fifteenth, and Sixteenth Coiigresses, 
 serving as Speaker from December 4, 181.5, until 
 October 20, 1820, when he resigned; elected a 
 Representative to the Eighteenth Congress, serv- 
 ing as Speaker from Decendjer 1, 1823, until March 
 3, 1825; appointed by I'resident John Quincy 
 Adams Secretary of State 1825-1829; again elected 
 to the United States Senate, and reelected, serving 
 from Decembers, 1831, until :\Iarch 31, 1842, when 
 he resigned; defeated as the Whig candidate for 
 President by Andrew Jackson in 1832, and atrain 
 l)y James K. Polk in 1844; again electeil to the 
 United States Senate, serving from Decenilier 3, 
 1849, until his death, at Washington, D. C, June 
 29, 18.52. 
 
 Clay, James Brown (son of Henrv Clav), was 
 born at Washington, 1). C, 1817; "educated at 
 Transylvania University; clerk in a counting 
 house in Boston 1832-1834; studied law at the 
 Lexington Law School and practiced; charge d'af- 
 faires to Portugal from August 1, 1849, to July 
 19, 1850; resident of Mis,souri 1851-52: returneJl 
 
458 
 
 OoN'CiRKSSIONAL DIKKCTOKY. 
 
 t(i Kentucky and elected a Kepresentative from 
 tliat State t>'> tlie Tliirty-lifth Ciiiij.mvs.-^ as a Deiiin- 
 cr.il; MU'iidier of tlic i)eaic cunl'iTeuci' of ISiil; 
 identilieil hiinwlf with the Confederacy; die«i at 
 Montreal, Canada. January 2l>, lS(i4. 
 
 Clay, James F., of llendertson, Ky., wiu" l)orn 
 Deeeiiilicr L"i. IS^(I; received a <las,-jical education, 
 ^rraduatiii;; from ( ieoriictown Cnllcsie, Kentucky, 
 .luiie, lS(i(»: licensed io practice law .lune, ISIiL'; 
 elected to senate of the .'^tate of Kentucky August, 
 ISTli; clc<-ted to the rorty-eighth Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Clay, Joseph, was born at Savannah, Ga. ; 
 delegate from (ieorgia to the Continental Congress 
 ITT.'^-lTSd; iiaymastcr of the southern di'partmeni 
 in the Kcvolutionary army; judge of the I'niteil 
 States court for the district of (n^)rgia 179t)-1801; 
 die<l at Savannah, (ia., .January 1(>, KS().5. 
 
 Clay, Joseph, was horn at I'hiladelphia, Pa.; 
 electeil a Representative from that State to the 
 Kighth Congress; reelected to the Ninth and Tenth 
 Congre.s.ses, serving from (.Ktolx'r 17, ItiOIJ, to 1808, 
 when he resiguetl. 
 
 Clay, Matthew, was horn in ^'irginia; elected 
 a Represcnt.itivc from that State to the Kifth Con- 
 gress as a Dcuuicrat an<l reelected to the Sixth, 
 Seventh. Kighth, Ninth, Tenth, Klevcnih, an<l 
 Twelfth Coniiresses without o|)position; died in 
 isi.-i. 
 
 Clayton, Augfustine Smith, was Imrn at Kred- 
 erickshurg. \'a., November JT, 178.S; moved with 
 lii.s parents to (ieorgia in 17S4; gra<hiatt>il from 
 Franklin College in IS04; studied law ami com- 
 menced jiracticing in Kranklin County; moveil to 
 Athens; sidected liy the legislature in 1810 to com- 
 pile the statutes of (ieorgia from I.SOO; meinher of 
 the State legislature, .serving in both houses; elected 
 a judge of the superior court in ISIil iuxl reelected 
 in lS2l'and aixaiu in IS'.'S; fleited a Kepre.scntative 
 from (ieorgia to the Twenty-sci-ond Congress as a 
 State Rights ncuiocrat (to till a vacancy caused by 
 the resignation of Wilson Lumpkin) and reclecteil 
 to the Twenty-thinl Congress, serving from .Tann- 
 ary 21, lS.'i2, to Man-h :i, l.s:>5; died at .\thcns. (ia., 
 .Tune 21, 18:i!). 
 
 Clayton, Bertram Tracy, of Brooklyn, N. Y., 
 was born at Clayton. .Ua.. October lil, i.Sti2; e<lu- 
 <ated at the University of .\labama and at the 
 Cniteil States Military Academy; graduated from 
 the .\caileuiy .lune. ISSil, anil ap]>ointcil a second 
 lieutenant in the Kli-vcnth l". S. Infantry; served 
 till April SO. 1.S8.S, then resigned to go into busi- 
 nes.s ius civil eiigini'cr in Brook'yn; lirst lieutenant 
 and ailjiitant Thirteenth Regiment, National 
 (iuards. New York, from May 12, l.HiH), to Deeein- 
 l)er 2, I8i)2; captain Company I, same regiment, 
 to .Inly 17, lS!t;i; nuijor ami engiiUH-r Second Bri- 
 gade, .Vational (iuards, New York, to December 
 1(>, \Si)^; nmstered into V. S. Vohinteir service as 
 captain of Troop C, New York Volunteers, Ma\ 20. 
 IsOS, Kuil served through the I'orto Riean cam- 
 iiaign; ele<'led to the Fifty-sixth Congresi< a-s a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Clayton, Charles, wa.s born in England in 182.t: 
 educated in the public schools; endgrateil to Wis- 
 consin in is-tj, wt-nl to Oregon in I.S47. and in 
 1S4S arrived in San Francisco, Cal.; ahillde in 
 ."^anta Clara 1H41MS0; built the Santa Clara Hour 
 mills in |.s.")i'; moved to San Fnim-isco in Is.Vi; cn- 
 gageil in the grain ami Hour business; meinher of 
 the State liyislature in IStW, IStH, lKti.->. ami IKtMi; 
 memlKT of the board of supervisors of San Fnn- 
 
 ciwo 18(14-1869; appointed 8ur\'eyor of customs of 
 the port and di.strict of San Francis<'o by President 
 (irant Manh Ki. 1S70; cUrted a Heprestntativc 
 from California to the Forty-third Congress as a 
 Rei)uhlican. 
 
 Clayton, Henry D., of Faifaula, Ala., wa« Iwirn 
 
 in Barbour County, .Via.. February Id, l.s.'i7; law- 
 yer; served one term in the .Mabama legislature; 
 chairman of the judiciary conunittee; Fnited 
 .■states district attorney from May. 18(l.'i, to Octo- 
 ber, bSOti; DemocraticPresidentiiil elector in 1888 
 and 181I2; elected to the Fifty-tifth, Fifty-sixth, 
 Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Cougresae.-* as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Clayton, John Middleton, was born in Sussex 
 Comity. Md., .Inly 24, 1700; graduated from Yale 
 College in 181."); studied law at the Lilchtield l^w 
 School; admitted to the bar in 1S18, and com- 
 menced practice at Dover; memln'r of the State 
 house of representatives in 1N24; secretary of state 
 of Delaware; elected a Cniteil ."states Senator from 
 Delaware and reeUcted, serving from l)ecend>er7, 
 1820. to l.s:!i;; chief justice of Delaware 18:i7 to 
 1839; again elected a I'nitcd States Senator, servinj; 
 from Dect'iuber 1, 184.">, until March 0, 1,849, when 
 he resigneil; apj)ointed Secretary of State by 
 President Taylor, serving from March 7, 1840, to 
 .July 22, 18.")0; again elected a I'niteil States .Sena- 
 tor, serving from .March 4, Is.Vi, until his death, at 
 Dover, Del., Novend)er9, 18.5tS. 
 
 Clayton. Joshua, was born in Delaware; 
 studieil medicine at I'hiladelphia and practieeil at 
 Middletown, Del.; president of Delaware 1789- 
 1793; governor of the State of Delaware 1703-1798; 
 elected a Fnited States Senator from Delaware in 
 place of .John Vining. resigned, servinir from Feb- 
 ruarv 10, 1708, to.lulvUi, 1708; died near Middle- 
 town. Del.. August 11, 170S. 
 
 Clayton, Powell, was born in DelawarcConnty, 
 Pa., August 7, 1833; educated in the common 
 scliools and at Partridge Military Academy, Bris- 
 tol, Pa.; studied <ivil engineering at Wilmington, 
 Del., and afterwards followed it as a profession; 
 entered the I'niou .\rMiy in Kansas May 20, 1,801, 
 as captain in the First Kansas Infantry; appointi-d 
 lientenant-coloiicl of the I'illth Kansas Cavalry in 
 February, 1.802, and colonel in March, 1.802; eoni- 
 niissioned brigadier-general in .\ ugnst . 1 .'>(>4 ; moved 
 to Arkansas and became a planter; elected gov- 
 ernorin 1808; elected a I'niled States Si^nator from 
 .Vrkan.sas as a Iie]>ubliean (to .succeed A. McDon- 
 ald, Re|)ublican) for the term 1871 to 1877; mem- 
 ber of Republican national committee and attt-ndwl 
 the Republican national conventions from 1872 to 
 1.800, inclusive; appointe<l anduissador to Mexico 
 in 1898 by President MeKinley. 
 
 Clayton, Thomas, wi\s born at Xowcivetle, Del., 
 MarchO. I77S; received a libiT.d education; !-tndie<l 
 law and afterwards practiced at Newcastle; elected 
 a Representative from Delawareto thi' Fourteenth 
 Congress; member of the State legislature for .sev- 
 eral vears; elected a I'nited States .Senator (in the 
 place of C. A. Rodney, resigne<l), serving from 
 •lannary l.'>. 1824, to March 3, 1,827; chief justiit; 
 of the court of connnoii pleas of Delawan-; eliM'to<l 
 to the Cnited Stales .Senate (in place of ,Iohn M. 
 Clayton, resigneil ), serving from ,lanuary 10, I.8;t7, 
 to Slarch :■>. 1.S47; cliief juslieeof the supreme court 
 of Delaware; died at Newcastle, Del, August 21, 
 18.^4. 
 
 Clemens, Jeremiah, was liorn at lluntsville, 
 Ala.. DecrmlH-r 28, 1S14; gmdualol from the I'ni- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 459 
 
 versity of Alabama in 1833; studied law at the 
 Transylvania Univcreity, and afttTwanlK practifcd 
 at Huntsville; appointed United States marshal for 
 the northern districtof Alaliama in ISSN; tneniber 
 of the State house of representatives l,s:i9-lS41; 
 raised a company of rillenien in \ii-\2, and served 
 in the Texas war of independence; auaiii a nieni- 
 ber of the State honse (if representatives l.S4;!-44; 
 served in the Mexican war and appointed nuijcjrof 
 the Thirteenth United States Infantry March :•!, 
 1847; promoted to lieutenant-colonel of the Ninth 
 United States Infantry July 16, 1847; <lisl)anded 
 July 20, 1848; appointed chief of thede]jot of pur- 
 chases in Mexico in 1848; elected a United States 
 Senator from Alabama as a Democrat, servini; from 
 December 3, 1849, to March 3, 1853; mendier of 
 the convention which voted Alaliama nut of the 
 Union in 1861, but protested af;ainst its action; 
 held office under the Southern Confederacy ; moved 
 to Memphis, Tenn., and became editor of the 
 jNIemphis Eagle and En<|uirer, .Tanuary 1, 1859; 
 returned to Alabama, and died at Huntsville May 
 25, 1865. 
 
 Clemens, Sherrard, was born at Wheeling;, 
 Va., April 28, 1826; graduated from Washingtcjn 
 College; studied law and commenced practice at 
 Wheeling; elected a Representative from Virginia 
 to the Thirty-second Congress (in place of (ieorge 
 W. Thompson, resigned) as a Democrat, serving 
 from December 6, 1852, to March 3, 1853; Presi- 
 dential elector on the Buchanan and Breckin- 
 ridge ticket in 1856; elected a Representative 
 from Virginia to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a 
 Democrat, and reelected to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
 gress without opposition. 
 
 Clements, Andrew J., was born in Jackson 
 County, Tenn., in 1832; educated in the public 
 schools; studied medicine; graduated from the 
 University of Tennessee in 1858 and commenced 
 practice at Lafayette; elected a Representative 
 from Tennessee to the Thirty-seventh Congres.s as 
 a I'nionist, .serving from January 13, 1862, to 
 Jlarch 3, 1863; member of the State house of rep- 
 resentatives in 1866. 
 
 Clements, Isaac, was born in Franklin County, 
 Ind., in 1837; graduated frcmi the In<liana Asbury 
 University at Cireencastle in 185il; studied law at 
 Greencastle; mnved to Illinois an<l taught schcinl; 
 entered the Uninn Army as second lieutenant of 
 Com[iany G, Ninth Illinois Infantry, in July, 18(11 ; 
 remained in the service over three years; wounded 
 three times and twice promoted; appointed regis- 
 ter in bankruptcy in .Tune, 1867; elected a Re|)re- 
 sentative from Illinois to the Furty-third Congress 
 as a Republican; defeated for the Fnrty-fourth 
 Congress. 
 
 Clements, Judson C, of Lafayette, (ia., was 
 born in Walker County, Ga., February 12, 1846; 
 educateil in the schools of that county, alsn in the 
 law at Cuudierland University, at f.elianou, Tenn. ; 
 admitted to the bar and began the practice of law 
 in 1869 at Lafayette, Ga. ; elected a representative 
 to tlie general assembly of Georgia in 1872 and 
 1874; elected a State senator in 1877; elected to the 
 Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, 
 and Fifty-first Congresses as a Democrat; member 
 of the Interstate Commerce Commission. 
 
 Clements, Ne^wton N. , of Tuscaloosa, Ala., 
 was born in Tu.scalonsa County, Ala., December 
 23, 1837; received a classical education, graduating 
 from the University of Alabama in 1858; entered 
 Harvard University, Camliridge, Mass., 1859; 
 studied law, but never practiced; entered the Con- 
 
 federate army in 1861 as captain in the Twenty- 
 sixth Alabama Regiment, atterward.s the Fiftieth 
 Alabama Regiment; successively promoted major, 
 lieutenant-colonel, and colonel; member of the 
 State house of representatives of Alaliama in 1870, 
 187!, and 1872; again elected in 1874, 1875, 1876, 
 1877, and 1878; elected speaker of tlie house of 
 representatives of Alabama in 187(i, 1877, and 1878; 
 largely interested in planting ami cotton manufac- 
 tures; president of the Tuscaloosa Manufacturing 
 Company and one of its princijial stockholders; 
 elected in 1880 a Representative from Alabama to 
 fill the unexpired term of B. R. Lewis in the Forty- 
 sixth Congress, without opposition. 
 
 Clendenen, David, was elected a Representa- 
 tive from Ohio to the Thirteenth Congress, in place 
 of Reazin Beall, resigned; reelected to the Four- 
 teenth Congress, .serving from December 22, 1814, 
 to March 3,' 1817. 
 
 Cleveland, Chauncey F., was born at Hani])- 
 ton, Ci.inn., in 1799; educated in the ]iublic schools; 
 studied law and in 1819 was admitted to the bar; 
 member of the State legislature, luiving been 
 elected in 1826, and served for twelve years; 
 elected speaker in ]8:-!6, 18.38, and 1863; appointed 
 attorney for the State in 1832; governor of Con- 
 necticut 1842-43; elected a Representative from 
 Connecticut to the Thirty-first Congress as a 
 Democrat and reelected to the Thirty-second Con- 
 gress; Presidential elector on the Lincoln and 
 Hamlin ticket in 1860; member of the peace con- 
 ference in 1861; died at Hampton, Conn., June 6, 
 1887. 
 
 Cleveland, Jesse F. , was liorn at Decatur, 
 Ga. ; elected a Representative from ( ieorgia to the 
 Twenty-fourth Congress as a Uiuon Democrat and 
 reelected to the Twenty-fifth Congress; moved to 
 Charleston S. C, in I'SSd, and engaged in mercantile 
 pursuits; died at Charleston, S. C, ^lay 19, 1841. 
 
 Cleveland, Orestes, was born at Duanesburgs 
 Schenectady County, N. Y., Maridi 2, 1829; edu- 
 cated in the common schools; engaged in mercan- 
 tile pursuits in New York ('ity, and afterward, 
 became a manufacturer in Jersey City; elected 
 alderman in 1861 and was president of the board in 
 1862; elected mayor in 1864; reelected in 1865 and 
 1866; elected a Repreaentative from New Jersey 
 to the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat; defeated 
 for the Forty-second Congress. 
 
 Clever, Charles P., was born at Cologne, 
 Prussia, Feliruary 23, 1830; educated at the (Jym- 
 nasium of Cologne and the University of Bonn; 
 studied law and commenced practice at Santa Fe, 
 N. Mex.; held several Territorial ofilccs, and 
 c-laimed to have been elected a Delegate to the 
 Fortieth Congress, but the House gave the seat to 
 J. Francisco Chaves; lie served from March 4, 
 1867, to February 20, 1869. 
 
 Clifford, Nathan, was born at Rumney, N. H., 
 .\ugustlS, 1803; received a liberal edui-ation; stud- 
 ied law and commenced practice in York County 
 in 1827; member of the State liouse of representa- 
 tives 1830-1 834, serving as speaker the last two years; 
 attorney-general of Maine 1834-1838; elected a 
 Representative from Maine to the Twenty-sixth 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the Twenty- 
 seventh Congress; appointed by President Polk 
 Attorney-General of the United States, serving 
 from_ December 23, 1846, to March 17, 1848; com- 
 missioner to Mexico, with the rank of envoy extra- 
 ordinary and minister plenipotentiary, from March 
 18, 1848, to Sejitendjer 6, 1849; resumed the prac- 
 tice of law at Portland, Me.; aiiiiointetl by Presi- 
 
4(H) 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKrTORY, 
 
 (Ipnt Rwchanan associate jiistioo nf tln' Supreme 
 Court <if the United Stiittw .laiinurv L'S, 1858; dicil 
 111 Curnish, Mc, July 1'5, ISSI. 
 
 Clift, Joseph Wales, was horn at Xnrtli Miirsli- 
 litlil, Mas.-., Se|)tciiilH'r 1, IS.Sli; ciluciitcil in the 
 eoMinion siliool.i luul at Thillips Acadeniv; learned 
 tlie earpenter's traiie; entered tlie I'nion .Vrniy 
 and was acting surjreon in ttie V. S. .\rniy from 
 July !.'{, I.Hi;l', til .\ut;iist 7, 1S0">, serving in the 
 AriMV of the I'otdUiae until Noveinher IS, ISfili; 
 practiced medicine in Savannah, lia.; appointed 
 rejjistrarof tln^ city of Savannah hy Major-(ieneral 
 Po|ie under the reconstruction acts; elected a Rep- 
 re.sentative from (ieor^ia to the Fortieth <'onv;ress 
 as a Kepuliliian, serving from July 25, 1868, to 
 March :!, 18WI. 
 
 Clinch, Duncan L., was txirn in North Caro- 
 lina in I7!I.S; entered the V. S. Army as tirst lieu- 
 tenant July 1, 180.S, and attaine<l the rank of 
 liriKadier-tieneral in 1829; connnanded at the bat- 
 tle of Witldacoochee, a^^iinst the Seminole Indians 
 Pecendier .SI, I8.'i5; resiijned Se|itemt)er HI, 188t), 
 and settled on a plantation near St. Marys, (ia.; 
 elected a Keiiresentative from (ieorj^ia to the 
 Twentv-eifihth Conj,'ress as a Whit; (to till a va- 
 ean<'y caused hv the death of John Millen), and 
 served from iVhruary lo, 1844, to March;!, 1845; 
 died at Macon, (ia., Novendier 27, 184it. 
 
 Clingan, William, was born in Pennsylvania; 
 Delejialc from that State to the Continental Con- 
 gre.'is 1 777-1771*. 
 
 Clingman, Thomas L., was born at Hunts- 
 'ville, N. ('.; receiveil a liberal echication; }:radu- 
 ateil from the Univei-sity of North Carolina in 
 18S2; stndie<l and jiracticed law; electe<l to the 
 State house of commons in 18S5; moved to Ashe- 
 ville, Uuncond)e County, in 18.SG; elected a State 
 senator in 1840; electee! a Ke))re.sentative to the 
 Twentv-eifilith Congress its a Wbij;; defeated for 
 n-electlon; reelecte.lto the Thirtieth, Thirty-first, 
 Thirty-sei'ond, Thirty-thinl, Thirty-fourth, and 
 Tliirtv-tifth Congres-^-es as a Democrat; ap[iointed 
 tothel'nited States Senate as a Democrat to till 
 the vacancy caused by the resignation of Asa Biggs; 
 eUn-ted for six years after March 4, 1801; with- 
 drew from the United States Senate Jamiary 21, 
 IXIil, after having served continuously since De- 
 ccndjer (!, 1847; expelled from Senate July 11, 
 18()1; appointed May 17, 18ii2, briga<lier-general 
 in the Confeclerate service, conmiandinga brigade 
 composed of the Kighth, Thirly-lirst, Fifty-lirst, 
 and Sixty-lirst North Carolina Infantry. 
 
 Clinton, De Witt, was born at Little IJritain, 
 N. Y., Manh 2, 17110; graduated from Colmnbia 
 College in 17811; studied law and aihnitted to 
 prartiee; private secretary to his uncle. Governor 
 George Clinton, 1790-171lri; member of the State 
 hous<M)t reiiresentatives in 1798, and State sena- 
 tor 17it!t-18()2; elected a United State Senator 
 from New York as a Democrat in jilace of John 
 Armstrong, who resigne<l, serving from February 
 2:i, 1802, to l'80S. when lie resigned; mayor of the 
 city of New York 180.'!-1.8(l7; again State .senator 
 180(>-1S11; again mayor of the city of New York 
 181t>-ll; lieuten'int-g'overnor of New York 1811- 
 18i:{; defi'Uled in 1812 as the |ieace candidate for 
 President; again mayor of the city of .New York 
 1811-1814; initiated "the Erie Canal in 1815, and 
 eervetl several vears as canal commissioner; gov- 
 ernor of the Stj\te o/ New York 1817-1822 and 
 l«24-1827;dieilatAll)any, N. Y., February 11, 182,S. 
 
 Clinton, George, w:is bom in Ulster County, 
 N. Y., July 26, 17:«t; received a lilMTal educatioir. 
 
 served as lieutenant of rangers in the expedition 
 against Ffirt Frontenac; stuilied law and com- 
 menced practice in Ulster County; Delegate from 
 New York to the Continental Congress 1775-1777, 
 but served a jiarl of that time in the held as brig- 
 adii'r-general of militia; appointed brigadiir-gen- 
 eral by Congress March 25, 1777; governor of .New 
 York 1777-17115; <lelegate to the State convention 
 which ratilied the Federal Constitution, and was 
 its president; defeated as a State Rights can- 
 didate for the Vice-Presiilency in I7it0; memberof 
 the .state house of representatives in 1800; again 
 governor of New York 18(11-1804; (•lecli'il Vice- 
 President in 1.804 as a State Rights Democrat; 
 reelected in 1808; die<l at Washington, D. C, April 
 20, 1812. 
 
 Clinton, George, jr., was bom in New York 
 City; memberof the State house of representatives 
 1801-2; elected a Representative from New York 
 to the I'.ighth Congress in [ilace of Samuel L. 
 Mitchill, elected Senator; reelecte<l tf) the Ninth 
 and Tenth Congresses, .serving from February 14, 
 1805, to March :!, l.HOO. 
 
 Clinton, James G., was born at Newbnrgh, 
 N. Y. ; held several public otlices there; elected a 
 Rejiresentative from New York to the Twenty- 
 seventh Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the 
 
 Twenty-eighth Congress. 
 
 Clopton, David, wsu'' born in (iporgia in 1820; 
 moved to Tuskegee, Ala.; elected a Representative 
 from Alabama to the Tliirty-sixth Coiigre-^s as a 
 State Rights Democrat, serving from December .5, 
 1,8.50, to Jamiary 21, bstil, when he retired from 
 the Ilou.se; elected a Representative to the First 
 I and Second Confederate Congres.ses 18t)2-18()4. 
 
 Clopton, John, was born in Virginia; electeil 
 a Representative from Virginia to the Fourth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; reelected to the Fifth, Sev- 
 enth, Fighth, Ninth, Tenth, Kleventh, Twelfth, 
 Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses, serv'ing 
 until his death, .September 11, 181t). 
 
 Clover, B. H., of Cambri<lge, Kans., was liom 
 in Franklin County, Ohio. December 22, 1.8.'{7; re- 
 I ceived his education in the common schools of his 
 native State; a farmer; school commissioner, and 
 held similar local otlices; twice i-hosen presiileni of 
 the Kansas Slate Fanners' .\lliance and Imlustrial 
 Union, and twice vice-prcsiileiit of the national 
 organization; elected to the Fifty-second Congress 
 as a candidate of the Fanners' Alliance. 
 
 Clowney, William K., was born in Union 
 County, S. C. ; graduated from thi- South Carolina 
 College in 1818; studied law and began practicing 
 atlinion; commissioner in eipiity of South Caro- 
 lina 18;«t-l,H:{;{; elei'ted a Reore.sentative from 
 South Carolina to the Twenty-third Congress as a 
 Nullilier; defeated for reelection to the Twenty- 
 fourth Congress; electeil to the Twenty-tifth Con- 
 gress as a State Rights camliilate, defeating James 
 Rogers, Unionist; defeated for reelection to the 
 Twenty-sixth Congress. 
 
 Clunie, Thomas Jefferson, of Snn Francisco, 
 Cat., was liornat St. .lolins. Ni'wfoundland, March 
 25, ia52; emigrateil to California; returneil to 
 Maine, where he iiMiiained a few years, and then 
 went back to California, where' he afterwards 
 re.sided; ediiealiil in the public schools: studied 
 law, and admitted to practice when IS years of 
 age by a special act of the legislature; elected 
 to the" legislature in 1875; appointed brigailier- 
 general of the Fourth liriLiule of the National 
 • inardof Citliforuiu in 187(1; delegate at large to 
 
 I 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 461 
 
 the national Dpmorratic rnnventiim at Chicago in 
 1884, and re])resfnteil California IH'niocrats on the 
 committee on platform and resolutions; served one 
 term in the State senate; elected to the Fifty-first 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Clymer, George, was born at Philadelphia, 
 Pa., in 1739; received a liberal education; engaged 
 in mercantile pursuits; delegate from Pennsylva- 
 nia to the Continental Congress 1776-1778 and 
 1780-1783; member of. the Penn.sylvania legisla- 
 ture in 1784; delegate to the convention which 
 framed the Federal Constitution; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Pennsylvania to the First Congress; 
 appointed collector of excise duties in 1791, but 
 resigned after the whisky insurrection; one of 
 the commissioners who negotiated a treaty with 
 the Cherokees and the Creeks June 29, 1796; 
 retired from jjublic life and devoted himself to 
 agriculture, the fine arts, and finance; died at 
 Morrisville, Pa., January 23, 1813. 
 
 Clymer, Hiester, of Reading, Pa., was born in 
 Caernarvon Township, Berks County, Pa., No- 
 vember 3, 1827; received his primary education 
 in the schools of Reading, and graduated from 
 Princetim College, New Jersey, in 1847; studied 
 law and admitted to the liar in Berks County in 
 1849; pursued his jirofession in that county until 
 the autumn of 1851, when he removed to Potts- 
 ville, Schuylkill County, and there practiced until 
 1856, when he returned to Reading; acquired an 
 extensive practice; in January, 1860, by ajipoint- 
 ment of the judges of the court of common pleas, 
 he represented Berks County in the board of rev- 
 enue commissioners of the State; same j-ear he 
 represented hisdistrii't in tlie National Democratic 
 convention at Charleston and Baltimore; member 
 of the State senate of Pennsylvania from October, 
 1860, until he resigned when nominated, in March, 
 1866, as Democratic candidate for governor of 
 Pennsylvania; represented his district in the na- 
 tional Democratic convention which met at New 
 York in 18(iS; upi)ointed by Governor Geary a 
 member of the State lioard of public charities in 
 1870; president of the Democratic State conven- 
 tion which met at Reading in May, 1872; elected 
 to the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, and 
 Forty-sixth Congresses as a Democrat; after his 
 retirement from Congress was president of the 
 Union Trust Company, of Philadeljihia, and presi- 
 dent of the Clymer Iron Company; died at Rea<l- 
 ing. Pa., June 12, 1884. 
 
 Cobb, Amasa, was born in Crawford County, 
 111., September 27, 1823; educated in the public 
 schools; went to Wisconsin Territory in 1842 and 
 engaged in lead mining; served in "the Mexican 
 war as a private in the U. S. Army; studied law 
 and afterwards practiced; district" attorney 1850- 
 1854; member of the State senate of Wisconsin 
 1855-56; adjutant-general of Wisconsin 1855-1858; 
 member of the State house of representatives 
 1860-61, serving as speaker the last year; en- 
 tered the Union Army as colonel and rose to 
 the rank of brigadjer-general ; elected a Represent- 
 ative from Wisconsin to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty- 
 ninth, Fortieth, and Forty-first Congresses as "a 
 Republican. 
 
 Cobb, Clinton L. , w^as born at Klizabeth City, 
 N. C, August 25, 1842; received a limited cduc-i- 
 tion; studied law and in 18(>7 was ailmitted tcj 
 practice; candidate for the legislature in 1866, but 
 was defeated; independent candidate for Congress 
 in 1868, but withdrew in favor of J. R. French; 
 elected a Representative from North Carolina to 
 the Forty-first Congress; reelected to the Fortv- 
 
 second Congress as the regular Republican candi- 
 date; also to the Forty-third t'ongress; defeated 
 for reelection to the Forty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Cobb, David, was born at Attleboro, Mass., 
 September 14, 1748; graduated from Harvard Col- 
 lege in 1766; studied medicine in Bo.ston, and 
 afterwards practiced at Taunton, ilass. ; member 
 of the Provincial Congress in 1775; lieutenant- 
 colonel of .lackson's regiment 1777-78, serving in 
 Rhode Island and New Jersey; after the war re- 
 sumed the practice of law at Taunton; appointed 
 major-general of militia; judge of the Bristol 
 County court of common pleas; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Massachusetts to the Third Con- 
 gress as a Federalist; moved to Jlaine in 1796 
 and devoted himself to agriculture; elected to the 
 senate of JIassachnsetts from the eastern district 
 of Maine in 1802 and served as president; elected 
 to the State council in 1808; elected lieutenant- 
 governor in 1809; memlier of the board of military 
 defense in 1812; chief justice of the Hancock 
 County court of common pleas; returned to Taun- 
 ton in 1817; died at Taunton, Mass., April 17, 1830. 
 
 Cobb, George T., was born at Morristown, 
 N. J.; held several local offices; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New Jersey to the Thirty-seventh 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Cobb, Howell (uncle of Howell Cobb), was 
 born at Granville, N. C. ; moved to Georgia, where 
 he engaged in agricultural pursuits; sei'ved in tluj 
 U. S. Army as ensign and captain from 1793 to 
 1806; elected a Rejireseutative fmm Georgia to 
 the Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses, 
 serving from October 26, 1807, to 1812, when he 
 resigned to accept a captain's commission in the 
 U. S. Army; served through the war with Great 
 Britain; after the war resigned and returned to 
 his plantation, where he died in 1820. 
 
 Cobb, Howell, was born at Cherry Hill, Ga., 
 September 7, 1815; graduated from Franklin Col- 
 lege in 1834; studied law, and in 1836 commenced 
 practice at Athens, (ia.; chosen Presidential elect- 
 or on the Van Buren and Johnson ticket in 1836; 
 solicitor-general of the western judicial circuit of 
 Georgia 1837-1841; elected a l\e|)resentative from 
 Georgia to the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Dem- 
 ocrat: reelected to the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, 
 and Thirty-first Congresses; served as Speaker in 
 the Thirty-first Congress; governor of Georgia 
 1851-1853; elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress; 
 Secretary of the Treasury under President Buchan- 
 an, serving from March 6, 1857, until December 
 10, 1860, when he resigned; chairman of the con- 
 vention tif clelegates from the seceiled States whit'h 
 asseml.iled at ^Montgomery, Ala., to form a Confed- 
 erate Government, February 24, 1861; appointed 
 brigadier-general in the Confederate army Febru- 
 ary 13, 1862, and jiromoted major-general Septem- 
 ber 9, 1863; surrendered .at Macon, Ga., April 20, 
 1864; died at New York t'ity October 9, 1868. 
 
 Cobb, James E., of Tuskegee, Ala., was born 
 at Thomaston, Upson County, Ga., October 5, 
 1835; received his early education in the town 
 schools; graduated from Emory College, Oxford, 
 Ga., in June, 1856; after lieing admitted to the 
 jiractice of law moved to Texas in 1857; entered 
 the Confederate army in 1861 as lieutenant in 
 Company F, Fifth Texas Regiment, witli which 
 command he served in the army of northern A"ir- 
 ginia until he was made pris(.mer at tlie battle of 
 Gettysburg; after his relea.se located at Tuskegee 
 and practiced law until 1874; at the general election 
 of that year he was chosen one of the circuit 
 
4 <'.'_' 
 
 OONORKSSIONAT, DIHWToUY. 
 
 jiiilj»e8 of tlio Stato; n-olecteil in IS.SO niul Mpiiii in 
 18S(i; l)pfiir(' (jiialil'viii}; nmltir tlii' lust i'l('<'ti<in lie 
 WHscU'ctcil to till' Kifliclli ('i)n;;rc>sasa I>('ni()cnit; 
 n-flti-ted to till' Kil'ty-tii>t, Kifly-stMDiid.and Fifty- 
 third (.'onjjrx'.i.-n'M; iwlectcd to tlii' I'il'ty-fourtli 
 Connrf.'^"' ii"'l "''I't siu'ci'ssfiilly npiiti-slfd liy A. T. 
 (ioodwyn; after Icaviiif; Cunnriss lie rosiiiiu'd the 
 pracliio of law; dinl iut I'jwt Lativefia.", N. Mex., 
 .Ihik' 4, lild.;. 
 
 Cobb, Seth W.. of St. l.cmis, Mo., was l)orn in 
 SoiitliaiMpton Cciunty, \i\.. ])i'(i'inl)cr .">, 18;{8; 
 rcfi'ivi'd a cciiimion school I'diicatioii; joined a vol- 
 unteer company fnvni his native eonnty in ISHl; 
 served thriini;liont the war in the army of north- 
 ern \'ir^inia; moved to St. I.onis in IstiT, and 
 worked a.s a elerk in a jrniin eonunispion honse for 
 three years: enpi^ieil in the same Inisine.ss on liis 
 own aeeoiint in 1870: ele<'ted to tlie Kifty-seeond 
 Coiifiress as a Democrat; reelected to the I'ifty- 
 third and Kifly-lomlh ('oni;re.s.<es. 
 
 Cobb, Stephen Alonzo, was horn ut ^ladison, 
 Me., .lune 17, hS.'K; educated in the common 
 schools; moved with liis father to Minnesota in 
 18ri0. where he worked at the Inmherinj; business 
 nearly four years, stuilyin^ the lauKuajres and pre- 
 jiarinji for college; entered Heloit t'ollejie in lSo-1, 
 where he was a student for' two years; went to 
 rroviilenci' and frnulualed from the Brown Iniver- 
 sity in IS.'iS; .sctlli'd at Wyaiidolle, Kans.. in lS.i;i 
 and connnenced the practice ol law; entered the 
 Army in 1S()2; attainc<l the rank of lieutenant- 
 colonel, and served throu^rliout the war; mayor of 
 Wyandotte ISliL' and hSiiS; uiemher of theState 
 senate of Kansas 18tV2, 18ti!l, and 1870; speaker of 
 the house of representatives of Kiui.sas in 1871'; 
 elected a Representative from Kansas to the Forty- 
 third Confire.ss as a Kepuhlican; defeated (or 
 reelection to the Forty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Cobb, Thomas R. , of A'iiicennes, Ind., was 
 iKirn in Lawrence County, Ind., July 2, 1828; 
 rai.sed on a farm: attended the Bloondn>;tiin I'ni- 
 versity; studied and )>racticed law at Kedfonl from 
 18.'i:{ until lSli7, when he moved to Vincetuies; 
 commissioned major of the militia of Indiana liy 
 the governor of Indiana in ls"i2; electiMl to the 
 State senate from 1858 to 18()(>; Democratic candi- 
 date for elector in 18t)8; president of the Indiana 
 State convention in 18713; delegate to the Demo- 
 cratic national convention at St. Louis which 
 nominated Tildeii and Hendricks in 187t>; electeil 
 to the I'orty-liflh, Forty-sixth. Forty-seventh, 
 Fortv-eighth. and Forty-ninth Congresses as a 
 Deinocrat; died .lune 2:?,' 18!t2. 
 
 Cobb, Thomas W. , was horn in Columhia 
 Countv, (ia., 1784; receive<l a liheral education; 
 studied law ami afterwards j)racticed at lireens- 
 horci; electeil a Kepresentatlve from (ieoi-gia to 
 the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses: elected 
 to tlie iMghteenth Congress, and before the exjiira- 
 tionof his term wasi'U'ited a Uniteil States Senator 
 in place of Nicholas AVare, deceasi'd, serving from 
 DeceinlH'r ti. 1824. to 1.828, when he resigneil; 
 chosen a judge of the sujierior court; died at 
 (in'<'nshoro. (ia., February 1, 18;W. 
 
 Cobb, Williamson R. W., was horn in Khea 
 County. Tenn.. .lune s. 1807; moved with his 
 fatlier to Mailison County, Ala., in 18011. whei-e he 
 was eduiateil in the public schools; farmer and 
 dealer in clocks; memU'r of the Stale house of 
 n-pri'sentalives l.S(l4-lS0."i: elected a WepiTseiita- 
 tive from .Mabama to the Thirtieth, Thirty-lirst. 
 Thirty -.second. Thirty-thinl. and Thirty-fourth 
 CoMgress«'S a.s a I>emocnit ; reeleeti-cl to the Tliirty- 
 
 lifth and Thirty-sixth Congres.si-s without opposi- 
 tion, serving until .lainiary 21, 18|>1. when he 
 resigneil, .\labuma having secedeil; electinl to the 
 Confeilerate House of Kepresentatives in 1,S(>;>. but 
 j ilid not take his seal; died in Novi-mber, 18(i4. 
 
 Coburn, Frank Potter, of West Salem, Wis., 
 was born at Hamilton, La Cros.se Comity. Wis., 
 ]>eeeniber ti, 18."i8; eilueated in the public schools; 
 farmer; Democratic camlidate for Congress in the 
 .Seventh district in 1888 and defeati-d; elected to 
 the F"ifty-se<-ond ( 'ongre.ss as a Democrat. 
 
 Coburn, John, wsls born at Indianapolis, IniL, 
 October 27, 1.82.'i; graduateil from Wabash College 
 in 1840: studied law; admitted to the bar in 184!) 
 and commenced jiractice at Indianapolis; member 
 of theState house of representatives ill l.S.">0; judge 
 of the court of common pleas during 18.'i!l, bStlO, 
 and 18()1, when he resigned; serveil in the I'nion 
 Army as colonel of the Tliirty-third Indiana Kegi- 
 iiieiit during the war for the suppression of the 
 lebellion and was brevetted brigadier-general; 
 appointeil the lirst secretary of Montana Terri- 
 tory in March. 180.5, but resigned at once: elected 
 judge of the liflh judic-ial cinuit of Indiana in 
 (V'tober. lS(i.'>, and resignecl in .Inly. l.SliO: elected 
 a Hepreseiitative from Indiana to the Fortieth, 
 Forty-lirst. Forty-second, and Forty-third Con- 
 gresses as ;i Kepuhlican; defeated for reelection to 
 the Forty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Coburn, Stephen, was born in Maine: re.~ided 
 at .skowhegan: elected a Kepre.seiitative from 
 Maine to the Thirty-sixth Congress |in jihu-e of 
 Israel Washburn, jr.. resigned I as a Republican, 
 serving from .laiuiary 2, 1801, to March S. l.HOl. 
 
 Cochran, Charles Fremont, of SI. Jo.seph, 
 Mo., was liorn at Kirksville. .\dair County. Mo.; 
 resided in Atcliison, Kans., from 18(10 till 18,s."i; 
 educateil in the common schools; ]>nictical printer, 
 newspaperman, and a lawyer; served four years 
 as prosecutingattorney of Atchison County. Kans., 
 and four yeai-s as a member of the Missouii senate; 
 editor and imblislu'r of the .\tchi.son I'atriot in 
 l,s08-»ill: admitted to the harin 187H. and |iractice<l 
 law until l.'^S.'i: eilitor of the St. .loseph (ia/ette; 
 elected tothe Fifty-tilth. Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, 
 and F"ifty-eighth Congresses as a lieniocrot. 
 
 Cochran, James, was born at Oswego, N. Y., 
 February 11, 17(iO; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Fifth Congress, serving from 
 May 15, 1797, to March .i, 17!«l; postmaster at 
 ( )swego: died at Oswego, X. \ ., November 7. 1848. 
 
 Cochran, James, was iHirn in North (."arolina; 
 educateil in the public schools; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Nortli Carolina to the Eleventh and 
 Twelfth Congresses as a Democrat, st'rving from 
 May 22. IMIO. to March :!. 18i:j. 
 
 Cochrane, Aaron V. S. , of Hudson, N. Y.. 
 was born March 14. 18.58. at Coxsjickie. N. Y.; 
 brought up on a farm; educated in a district school 
 and at Claveraek Academy, in I'laverack, N. Y.; 
 enten'il Yale College in 1875 and graduated in 
 1870; moved to Ilud.son and entered on the study 
 of law; admitted tothe bar in 1881 and has ever 
 since practii-ed his profession in Hudson; member 
 of the law firm ol lirownell it CiM'hrane; police 
 justice of Hudson in 1S87 and 1.S88: elei'ted dis- 
 trict attorney of Columbia County in 18.Si) and 
 served three" years; eleelinl to the Fifty-tifth and 
 Fifty-sixth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Cochrane, Alexander G., was born at .\IU'- 
 yheiiy City, I'a., Man'h 20, 1.M5; re<-<'ivi'd his e<)- 
 ucatioii in tiie public schools and at rhillii>s Acad- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 463 
 
 emy, Anrlover, !Mass.; studied law. and in l.S(i(i 
 was adniitti'd to the bar; haw since practiced at 
 AUeslieny City; elected a Representative fruin 
 Pennsylvania to the Forty-fonrth Congress as a 
 Democrat; defeated for the Forty-fifth Congress. 
 
 Cochrane, Clark B., was born at New Boston, 
 N. H., May 31, 1815; moved to Montgomery 
 Connty, N.Y., where he was eilucated, gradnating 
 from Union College; studied law anil ]iracticed; 
 member of the State house of representatives 184H 
 and 1844; moved to Schenectady; elected a Rei)re- 
 sentative from New York to tlie Thirty-lifth and 
 Thirty-sixth Congresses as a Republican; moved 
 to Albany, where he continued the practice of law; 
 memlierof the State hou.se of representatives in 
 1866; defeated for reelection in 1867; died at Al- 
 bany, N. Y., March 5, 1867. 
 
 Cochrane, John, was born at Palatine, N. Y., 
 August L'7, isi:!; grarluated from Hamilton College 
 in 18;il; studied law and connnenced practice at 
 Palatine; moved to New York City in 1846; ap- 
 pointed by President Pierce surveyor of the port of 
 New York lS.i;5-1857; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Thirty-tifth Congress as a State 
 Rights Democrat; reelected to the Thirty-.^ixth 
 Congress; memlier of the Charleston-Baltimcjre 
 national convention; entered the Union Army in 
 1861 as colonel, and promoted to the rank of 
 brigadier-general; resigned Feliruary 25, 1863; 
 president of the Cleveland convention in 1864, 
 wbich nominated liim for Vice-President on the 
 ticket with Fremont for Presiilent; attorney-gen- 
 eral of the State of New York, 1865; delegate' to the 
 Republican national convention in 1868 at Chicago; 
 appointed collector of internal revenue for the 
 sixth district of New York in 1869. 
 
 Cocke, John (son of William (!ocke), was born 
 at Brunswick, Va., in 1772; moved to Tennes.see, 
 where he was echicated in the public schools; 
 studied law and jiracticed; member of the State 
 senate and house of representatives for several 
 years; ser\-ed as major-general of Tennessee Vol- 
 unteers in the Creek war in 1813 and as colonel of 
 a regiment of Tennessee riflemen, under General 
 Jackson, at New Orleans; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Tennt'ssee to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, 
 Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses; devoted ' 
 himself to agricultural iiursuits; died at Rutledge, 
 Tenn., February 16, 1854. 
 
 Cocke, William, was born in Virginia; received 
 a liberal education; studied law and practiced; 
 member of the State house of repre.sentatives and 
 a ccjionel of ndlitia; moved to Tennessee; attained 
 the rank of brigadier-general of militia; member 
 of the State liouse of representatives in 1813; judge 
 of the circuit court; elected a United States Sena- 
 tor from Tennessee, serving from December 5, 
 1796, to March 3, 1805; appointed by President 
 Madison Indian agent for the Chickasaw Nation 
 in 1814. 
 
 Cocke, William M., was born in Tennessee; 
 resided at Rutledge; elected a Representative from 
 Tenne.-^see to the Twenty-ninth Congress as a 
 Whig; reelected to the Thirtieth Congress; de- 
 feated for reelection to the Thirty-first Congress. 
 
 Cockerill, Joseph R., was born in Virginia; 
 moved to Ohio, wdiere he was educati'd in the jiuli- 
 lic schools; held several public odices at West 
 Union; elected a Representative from (.)hio to the 
 Thirty-tifth Congress; died at West Union, Ohio, 
 October 25, 1875, 
 
 Cockran, William Bourke, of New York City, 
 ivas born in Ireland, February 28, 1854; came "to 
 
 this country when 17 years of age; educated in his 
 native country and France; .soon after his arrival 
 in America he received theaiijiointment of teat^her 
 in a private academy; sulisc(iuently a|ipointed 
 principal of a publicschool in Westchester (ounty, 
 N. Y.; while engaged in teaching he studied la\v, 
 and admitted tothebarin 1876; appointed counsel 
 to tlic sheriff of the city of New York in 1882, and 
 reajipointed in 1885; elected to the Fiftieth (Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; elected to the Fifty-second 
 Congress to till a vacancy caused by the death of 
 Francis B. Spinola: ■ took liis seat Decemlier 7, 1 891 ; 
 reelected to the Fifty-third Congress. 
 
 Cockrell, Francis Marion, of AVarrensburg, 
 Mo., was born in .Johnson Ccjunty, Mo., October 
 1, 1834; received his early education in the com- 
 mon schools of his count v; graduated from Chapel 
 llill College, Lafayette County, !\Io., in .July, 1853; 
 studied law, and has i)ursneil that profession; 
 elected to the Senate as a Democrat, to succeeil 
 Carl Schurz, Independent Republican; took his 
 seat March 4, 1875; reelected four times. 
 
 Cockrell, Jeremiah Vardaman, of Anson, 
 .Jones County, Tex., was born in .Johnson County, 
 Mo., May 7, 1832; attended common schools aiid 
 Chapel Hill College; went to California iluring 
 gold excitement in 1849 and returned t.i Missouri 
 in 18.53; engaged in farming and read law prior to 
 the civil war; entered the Confederate army and 
 served through the war; after tlie Avar settled in 
 (irayson County, Tex., where he engaged in 
 fanning and practiced law until 1882, when he 
 moved to .Jones County; ajipointed district judge 
 by Governor Ireland in 1885, to which ]iosition he 
 was elected in 1886 and reelected in 1890; elected 
 to the Fifty-third Congr&ssas a Democrat; reelect- 
 ed to the Fifty-fourth Congress; engaged in stock 
 raising on his large ranch in .Jones County, Tex., 
 after leaving Congress. 
 
 Codding, James H., of Towanda, Pa., was 
 born in I 'ike Township, Bradford County, Pa., 
 July 8, 1849; moved in 18.54 to Towanda," where 
 he has since resided; educated at Susquehanna 
 Collegiate Institute, and in 1868 engaged in the 
 harilware business; connnenceil the study of liiw 
 in 1876 and has practiced continuously since liis 
 admission to the bar; elected to the Fiftv-fourth 
 Congress as a Republican, and reelected to the 
 Fifty-fifth Congress. 
 
 CofFeen, Henry A., of Sheridan, Wyo., was 
 born in Gallia County, Ohio, in 1841; diiring in- 
 fancy moved with his parents to the Wabash 
 country in western Indiana; the family moved 
 to Champaign County, III., in 1853; gra<luate(l 
 from the scientific department of Aliingdoii Col- 
 lege (now consolidated with Eureka "College), 
 Illinois; for seven years devoted himself to teach- 
 ing, being connected, as teacherof natural sciences, 
 with Hiram College, Ohio; received various ap- 
 pointments from the governors ( )f his State as dele- 
 gate to Western congresses and conferences, serving 
 as delegate for Wyoming in the World's Fair con- 
 gress of bankers and financiers, at Chicago, in June, 
 1893; member of the constitutional convention, in 
 1889, that framed the present constitution of the 
 new State of Wyoming; received the un.solicited 
 and imanimous nomination from the Democrats 
 for Representative from Wyoming to the Fifty- 
 third Congress and elected. 
 
 Coffin, Charles D., a resident of Ohio; studied 
 law and commenced practice at New Lebanon; 
 was elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
 Twenty-fifth Congress (in place of Andrew W. 
 
4(U 
 
 CONGRESSK 1 N A I. I )I I{K( Tt >KY . 
 
 Loiinus, resijjiu'il ) as 11 Whin, wvviiin from IVcem- 
 Iii'i- L'O, ls;{7, t.> Mar.li H, IS.W; iiinvcd to Ciii- 
 ciiiiuiti, \\ Inn' lie iiitiliiiiu'(l llir prailiii' of law. 
 
 Coffin, Charles E., of Miiirkirk, Mil., wasliorii 
 at Hoslon, M:iss., in ISH; t'<lncati>d in the Huston 
 urannnar ami hi^'li schools; inovi'd to Miirylami 
 m 1801! and inado his home at Muirkirk.in Trinrc 
 (ioorpc ("onntv; he eslahlishi'd tin- iron works at 
 that iilacf in iS(>4; I'lcclcd to the house of dele- 
 pati's of Maryland in ISSI and served on the ways 
 and means committee; elected a nuMuher of the 
 State senali' in ISHO, servinvr for lour yeaiv; elei-ted 
 to the I'ifty-third Connri'ss as a Ue|iul)liean to lill 
 the unexpired term of Hon. Barnes Compton, re- 
 sinned; reelected a member of the Fifty-fourth 
 Congress. 
 
 Coffin, Peleg, jr., was horn in Mas.sacluisetis 
 in Se|itend>er, 17.">li; elected a Kepresentative from 
 Ma,ssai'hnsetts to the Third Congress; State tn'as- 
 urer of Massachusetts 1797 to 1802; dieil March (>, 
 1805. 
 
 Coftroth, Alexander H., of Somerset, Pa., was 
 horn at SomiMset, Somerset County, Pa., May 18, 
 1828; educated in the puhlic siliools and at Som- 
 ei>iet .Veademy; commenced puhlishinn ami I'dil- 
 inn a Democratic paper at Somi^T-set when he was 
 18 years of ajie, anil continned at this husiness for 
 live years; studied law. admitted to the har in 
 Fehruary, l.**.')!, and has since practiced; electeil a 
 major-neni'ral of volunteers of Pennsylvania in 
 18.">4, and held the ollici' live years; frequently a 
 delegate to llu' I)emocratic State conventions of 
 Pennsylvania, and ileleirate to the Democratic 
 national couvenlions which assendded at Charles- 
 ton, S. C., and at Ualtiniore in ISliO; delegate to 
 the Democratic national convention which assem- 
 hled in Haltimore in IS72: Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Thirty-<Ms;hth and 'I'liirty- 
 ninth Congresses, ami was elected toihe Forty- 
 sixth Ciinjiressas a Democr.U; after his retiri'ment 
 from Congress, resumed the practice of law at Som- 
 erset, Pa. 
 
 Coghlan, John M., was horn at Louisville, Ky.. 
 Decendu-r 8, 18:).'); moved with his parents to Illi- 
 nois in 1S47, and in IS.'id eminnileil to California; 
 stmlied law and practiced at SuisunCity; memlicr 
 of the California letiislatnre in IStti and ixiili; 
 elected a Ueprescntative from California to the 
 Forty-second Congress as a Hepuhlican. 
 
 Cogswell, William, of Salem, Mivss., was horn 
 in I!railfi>rd, Ma.ss., .Vn^nst 2:i, 18;!8: fitted at Phil- 
 lips Academy, .\ndover, Mass.. and entered Dart- 
 month College .\nnust 2:!, \Shr>: graduated from 
 the Dane l,aw School, Harvard I'niversily, in I.SliO; 
 lawyer hy profession; mayor of the city of .'■■alem, 
 ^ia.ss., in I8i>7, 18(i8, 18(i!i. IS7H, and 1874; mem- 
 her of the Ma.ssachnsetis house of representative.s 
 187(t-71, IS81-l88:i, and a mendier of the Stale 
 senate lH8.'>-,8t); serveil in the I'liion .Vrmv from 
 April, hSil, till .Inly 25, l.stl."); held eommis-sions a.s 
 captain, lieutenant-i'olonel. and colonel in the Sec- 
 ond NhuNSiiclins^'tLs Infantry, and hri-iailier-neneral 
 hy l>r<-vet, anil a.ssiu'iuMl lo the conunand of the 
 Third liriirade. Third Division, Twc^nlielh .\rmy 
 Corps; elected toihe Fiftieth Connre.-s asa Repnli- 
 lii'an; reelei-led lo the I'ifly-lirst, Fifly-secoud, 
 Fifty-third, and Fiflv-fonrlh Connre.ssc's; ilied at 
 W a-shiuK'ton, D. C., Slay 22, 18!l5. 
 
 Coit, Joshua, was txirn at New London, Conn., 
 <)ctotK"r7, 17.VS; i:raduatjil from Harvard C(dle(;e 
 in 177IJ; studied law, and in 177!iconuneni'e<l prac- 
 tice at New London; nii-mlK-r of the Slate house 
 of reprv'Si'iitaliveu for si-veral yearn; elwteil a Uep- 
 
 resenlative from Connei'tient lo the Third, Fourth, 
 anil Fifth Congresses, serving until .^epIendHT 5, 
 I7!>8, when he died at New London, Conn. 
 
 Coke, Richard, of Waco, Tex., was horn at 
 Willianisl.ur};, Va., March l;!, I82!t; educated at 
 Williamand Mary (^olleKc; studied law; admitted 
 lo the har when 21 years of a^re; moviil in I8.')(lt<) 
 Waco, McLennan County, Tex., where he has 
 since resided; si^rved in the Confedi-rale army as 
 l)rivate and afterwards as captain; appoinled dis- 
 trict judL'e in .lune, I8t)."i; nominaled hy Ihe DiMu- 
 ocratic parly for judjre of the Slate supreme court 
 in ISlit) and elected; alter having occupied the 
 position one year wa.s removed hy (ieiu'ral Sheri- 
 dan as "an impediment to reconslruclion;" re- 
 turned to the practice of law the latter part of 18()7; 
 elected governor of Texas in Decend)er, 187:i; re- 
 elected in Fehruary, 187ti, resinning DeceiidM.'r I, 
 1877, after having heen elected the previous .\pril 
 to the Unilcd Stales Senate as a Democrat, to suc- 
 ceed Morgan C. Hamilton, Kipuhlican, and took 
 his seat March 4, 1877; reelected in 1883, andanain 
 in 188!>. 
 
 Coke, Richard, jr., was horn in Virjiiiua; iv- 
 ceivcd a lihiTal edncation; sludied law and com- 
 menced practice at Ahinydon; elected a Keprc.sent- 
 ative from Virginia to the Tjvcnty-lirsI Congress 
 as a .lackson Di'tnocral, and reelected to the 
 Twenty-second Congress without op|)osition; dieU 
 at AhiiV'don, Va., March :{0, 1.851. 
 
 Colcock, William F., was horn in ,'^onth Cilr- 
 olina; graduated from South Carolina Collejie in 
 1823; studied law, and commenced practice at 
 (irahamville, S. C.; memln'r of the Slate house of 
 repre.st'ntatives for several ye;irs, servin;; t wo yt^ars 
 lus speaker; collector of the port of Charleston pre- 
 vious toand during the civil war; elected a Kepre- 
 sentalive from ."south Carolina to the Thirly-tirst 
 Coni.'re.ss; reelected to the Tliirty-.second ( 'onyress; 
 mendier of the national Democratic convention 
 hrld in Charleston in I8ii0; died in Charleston, 
 8. C., June 1.3, 1.889. 
 
 Colden, Cadwallader David, was horn at 
 Flushiii'.', N. Y., .\pril 4, 17.'>!l; received a liheral 
 education, completing it at London; returned lo 
 the Cnited States, wheR- he studied law and com- 
 menced practice at New York; moved to Pouuh- 
 keepsie in 17113. where he remaimil a few vi-ars 
 and then located in New York City; appointeii 
 .Stale district attorney in 181(1; colonel of vohm- 
 teers in ISl'J; mend>er of Ihe Slate house of repre- 
 .sentatives in IslS; mayor of Ihe city of New York 
 in 181!l; elected a Ueprcsenlative from New York 
 lo the Seventeenth Congress, havin;; successfully 
 contested the election of Peter Shar|H'. and served 
 from DecendH'r 12, 1S21, to .March 3, 1823; niem- 
 her of the Slate senate 1.824 to 1827; died at Jersey 
 City, N. J., Fehruary 7, 1.8.34. 
 
 Cole, Cornelius, was horn at Lodi, N. Y., Sep- 
 tendierl7. l.'<22; n^'lo'ded from Wesleyan Fiuver- 
 sity, Connecticut; studied law and wasaihnilteil to 
 practice; went to California in 1S4H, and after work- 
 ing a year in the ^rold mines commenced iii-actice; 
 district attorney of ,'<acratnento city and county 
 from 18.">!i lo 18(12; meinher of the luilional Kcpul>- 
 lican commiltee from \i<M> to l.Sil); moved to Santa 
 Cruz; Ueprescnialive from California to thcThirty- 
 ei^hlh Congress as a I'nion Kcpnhlican; eltH'tiil a 
 rniled Stales Senator to .succeed .laiiicM .\. Mc- 
 lioujiall, Deniocrat, serviug from March 4, lStJ7, to 
 March 3, 187.3. 
 
 Cole, Georffe E., was horn in Oneida County, 
 X. Y., Deceml>cr 23, lS2t>; educated in the iiublic 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 465 
 
 schools; in 1849 moved to Iowa; omifrratcd to Cali- 
 fornia, and went tlion<'(! tnOrcfifin; mcinbei'of tho 
 Oi'fjJiin lionsiMif r('|iivsentutiv('s IS.M to ISSli; clerk 
 of the United Stiites cdnrts fnr the district of Ore- 
 gon 1859-1)0; moved to Washinjiton Territory in 
 1801 ; elected as a Itele^ate from Washingtcm Ter- 
 ritory to tlu'Thirty-eii;lith Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Colo, Orsamus, was born in New York; studie<l 
 law and commenced i)ractice at Potosi, Wis.; 
 appointed I'nited States jndse for Wisconsin Ter- 
 ritory; elected a Kcpreseiitative from Wisconsin 
 to the Thirty-lirst Congress as a Repnl)lican; 
 elected judge of the Slate sujjrenie court in 18Sr>. 
 
 Cole, William H., of Baltimore, Md., was 
 born at Baltimore, Md., January 11, 18;^7; after 
 practicing law for a short time engaged in the 
 study of medicine; serve<l in the ( 'onfeilerate army 
 dviring the war; reporter and city editor uf tlie 
 Baltimore (iazette from IStitJ initil 188;i; deputy 
 registrar of Baltimore City in 1870, which position 
 he resigned to accept that of chief clerk of the 
 first hraucli of the city council of that city; elected 
 rea<liug clerk of the Blaryland house of delegates 
 in 1872; elected to the Forty-ninth Congress as a 
 Democrat; died Jidy 8, 1880. 
 
 Coleman, Hamilton Dudley, of New Orleans, 
 La., was horn in that city May 12,1845; at 10 
 years of age he enlisted in the Washington Artil- 
 lery, Army of Northern Virginia, as a jirivate, 
 and served throughout the war; eugagi'd in the 
 business uf manufacturing and dcaHng in jilanta- 
 tion machinery; active in the organization of the 
 World's Industrial and ('otton Centennial Kxpo- 
 sition; one of the organizers of tlie first electric- 
 lighting com]iany established in New Orleans, and 
 served as vice-)iresident and afterwards as presi- 
 dent; served two terms as jiresidcnt of the New 
 Orleans ('handier of Commerce, and was elected 
 November, 18.SS, one of the vice-presidents of the 
 National Board of Trade; elected to the Fifty-first 
 Congress as a Kejiublican. 
 
 Coleman, Nicholas C, was horn atMaysville, 
 Ky., in 1800; received a liberal education; studied 
 law and commenced jiractice; elected a Represent- 
 ative from Kentucky to the Twenty-lirst Congress 
 as a Jackson Democrat; moved to Vicksburg, 
 Miss., where he resumed the practice of law; post- 
 master at Vicksburg 1841-1844; died at Vicks- 
 burg, Miss., May 11, 1874. 
 
 Colerick, Walpole G., of Fort Wayne, Ind., 
 was horn at Fort Wayne, Ind., August 1, 1845; 
 lawyer by profession ; elected to the Forty-sixth 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the'Forty- 
 seventh Congress; resumed the practice of law. 
 
 Coles, Isaac, was born in Virginia; received a 
 liberal education; elected a Representative from 
 Virginia to the First, Third, and Fourth Con- 
 gresses. 
 
 Coles, Walter, was born in Pittsylvania, 
 County, Va., in 1789; receive<l a liberal education; 
 devoted himself to agricultural |iursuits: justice of 
 the iieace for many years; serve<l in the T.S. Anuv 
 (hiring till' war of 1812 as a cajitain of lillcmen, oil 
 the niirthern frontier; member of the State house 
 of representatives in IS.'Wand 18:U; elected a Re])- 
 resentativc from A'irginia to the Twenty-fourth 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the Twenty- 
 fifth, Twenty-sixth, Twenty-seventh, and Twenty- 
 eighth Congresses; died near Robersons Store, 
 Va., November 9, 1857. 
 
 Colfax, Schuyler, was born at New York City 
 March 2:;, I82;i: educated in the common schools; 
 
 became proprietor and editor of the Register at 
 South Bend, In<l., in 1845, which he ])uhlishe(l 
 for eighteen years; elected in 1850 a delegate from 
 St. Joseph County to the convention whicli framed 
 the constitution of Indiana; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Indiana to the Thirty-fourth Congress 
 as a Republican; reelected to the Thirtv-lifth, 
 Thirty - sixl h. Thirty - seventh. Thirty - eighth, 
 Thirty-nintli, and Fortieth Cnngre.sscs; Speaker of 
 the House of Representatives in t lie Thirty-eighth, 
 Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Congresses; elected 
 A'iee-l'rc.sident of the United States on the ticket 
 with (ieneral Grant, and served from March 4, 
 1809, to i\Iarih 3, 1873; vice-jiresident of a manu- 
 facturing cnmpany at South Bend, Ind.; died at 
 Mankato, JMinn., January 13, 1885. 
 
 CoUamer, Jacob, was born at Trov, N. Y., in 
 1792; moved with his father to Burlington, Vt.; 
 graduated from the University of Vermont in 1810; 
 served in the war of 1812; studied law and prac- 
 ticed at "Woodstock, Vt., from 1813 to 1833; mem- 
 ber of the State house of representatives for several 
 years; judge of the superior court of ^'ernlont 
 1833-1842; elected a Representative from Vermont 
 to the Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth 
 Congres.ses as a Whig; appointed Postmaster-Gen- 
 eral by President Taylor, serving from March 7, 
 1849, to July 20, 1850; again judge of the superior 
 court of Vermont from November 8, 1850, to Octo- 
 ber 3, 1854; elected a Uniteil States Senator from 
 Vermont as a Repulilican, serving from December 
 3, 1855, until his death, at Woodstock, Vt, No- 
 vember 9, 1 805. 
 
 Collier, John A., was born in Broome County, 
 N. Y., in 1787; located at Binghamhui; elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Twenty- 
 seciind Congress as a Clav Democrat; died at 
 Binghamton, N. Y., I\Iarch"24, 1873. 
 
 Collin, John F., was born at Hillsdale, N. Y., 
 April :)0, 1802; educated in the common schools, 
 and engaged in agricultural i>iirsuits; member of 
 the State legislature in 18:34; supervisor of Colum- 
 bia County for several years; elected a R(!]iresen- 
 tative from New York to the Twentv-ninth Con- 
 gress; died at Hillsdale, N. Y., September 10, 1889. 
 
 Collins, Ela (father of William Collins), was 
 l)orn at Meriden, Conn., February 14, 1780; studied 
 law and commenced jiractice at Lowville, N. Y.; 
 tlistrict attorney of Lewis County 1819 and 1840; 
 served in the war of 1812 as colonel of an infantry 
 regiment of militia; member of the State liouse of 
 representatives; delegate to the State constitutional 
 convention in 1821; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Eigliteenth Congress; after his 
 retirement from Congress, devoted himself to agri- 
 cultural imrsuits; dii'd at Lowville, N. Y., Novem- 
 ber 23, 1848. 
 
 Collins, Francis D., was born at Saugerties, 
 X. Y., :\Iarch 5, 1,S44; educated at St. Joseph's 
 Ciillege, in Susquehanna County, and Wyoming 
 Seminary, at Kingston, Pa.; studied law, and in 
 I8(i(i was admitted to the bar; coiuiuenced prac- 
 tice at Scrantcm, Pa.; elected distric't attorney of 
 the Scrantun mayor's court district in 1S09; elected 
 to the State senate of Pennsylvania 1872, 1873, and 
 1874; elected a Representative from Pennsylvania 
 t(i the I'orty-fourth and J-'orty-lifth Congresses as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Collins, John, was 1 orn at Newport, R. L, 
 June 8, 1717; Delegate from Rhode Island to the 
 ContinentaU^ongress 1778-1 783; governor of Rhode 
 Island 1780-1789; elected a Representative from 
 
 H. Doc. 458- 
 
 -30 
 
40(5 
 
 CONGRKS8IONAL UIKECTORY. 
 
 Ulmilf Island to tlie Firjst Conjii'eiN-', I'ul did not 
 take hissi'at; died at Nowport, K. 1., March S, 17!iri. 
 
 Collins, Patrick A., of Hoslon, Mas.-j., wa.-'horn 
 near Fcnniiy. County Cuik. Ireland, Slarrh IL', 
 18-14; eanie to the I'nited States in 1S48; received 
 a eonnnon school education: in early life an np- 
 liolsteri'r; read lawin the Harvard Law Schonland 
 in Huston, where he ]>racticed since his admission 
 to the liar in ISTl; niemlier of the Massachusetts 
 house of re|iresenlatives in ISliS and ISIill, and of 
 tlu' Massachusetts senate in 1S70 ami 1S71; judfie- 
 adviicate-freneral of Massachusetts in ISTiS; elected 
 to IheForty-.i^dith. Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth t'on- 
 presses as a Democrat; consul-v:eiU'n\l at London 
 under Presiilent Cleveland; resumed the iniictiee 
 of law at Hoslon. Mass. 
 
 Collins, William (."on of Kla Collins) , was born 
 in Oneida Comity, N. Y.; studied law and com- 
 menced i>ractice at Lowville, N. Y.; district at- 
 torney for Lewis County 184")— 4(!; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New York to the Thirtieth Conjiress 
 as a llemocral: i^iovi'd to Cleveland. Ohio. 
 
 Colquitt, Alfred Holt, of Atlanta, <ia., was 
 horn in AValtou County, tia., April -0, 1824; grad- 
 uated from I'rinceton College in the cla.-'s of 1844; 
 studied law anil admitted to the har in 1845; served 
 as a staff otlicer, with the rank of major, <lurinK 
 the Mexiian war; elected and served as a member 
 of the Thirly-third Congress; mendur of the 
 Georgia legislature in 18.")!l; Tresidential ehctor for 
 the State at large on the Hreikinridgc ticket in 
 18(i0; member of the secession convention of tlu' 
 State of Georgia; entered the Ciuifedei-ate service 
 as captain; colonel of the Sixth (ieorgia Infantry; 
 served as a brigadier-gt-neral, and was commis- 
 Bioned a nuijor-genenil; elected governor of the 
 State of (ieorgia in 187tj for four years; reelected 
 under a new constitution for two years; elected to 
 the I'nited States Senateasa democrat, tosncceed 
 l'o])e Barrow. Democrat, for the full term com- 
 mencing March 4, 188H; reelected in 1888; died 
 March 26, 18t>4, at Washington, D. C. 
 
 Colqtiitt, Walter T. (father of Alfred II. Col- 
 quitt t. was born in Halifax County, \'a., IVcem- 
 IxT 27, I7iiil; movnlwith his jiarents to (ieorgia; 
 received a liberal education, being a student at 
 I'rinceton College; studied law, ami in 1S2(I was 
 admitted to thebar; commenced ]iractice at Sparta, 
 <ia. ; moved toCowpens; elected brigadier-general 
 of ndlitia by the legislature in 1820; di'f<'ated as 
 the Troup candiilate for the Twentieth Congress 
 by Lumpkin, the Clark candidate; electeil judge 
 of the Chattahoochee circuit in 182(5 and reelected 
 in 1.*<2S>; licensecl asa Methodist Kpiscopal |ireacher 
 in 1827; Stale senator in 1.><:U and I8.S7; elected a 
 Hepresentalive from (Georgia to the Twenty-sixth 
 Congress as a State Kighls Whig, but refused to 
 Fupjiort (ienenil Harrison for IVesidcnt, and ri"- 
 signi'd.Tuly 21, 1840; elected to the Twenty-seventh 
 and Twenty-eighth Congresses; elected a I'nited 
 States Senator, and served from l>ecember4, 184S, 
 until 1.848, when he resigned; mendierof theXash- 
 ville convention in 18J0; died at Macon, (.ia.. Mav 
 7, 1855. 
 
 Colson, David Grant, of Middlesboro, Ky., 
 was born Ai^ril 1, 18ti], at Ycllivw Creek (now 
 MiildleslKiro, Knox (now Helll County, Ky.; 
 attended the eonnnon schixils and the acailemies 
 ^at Tazewell and Mo.-^sy Cri'ek,Tenn. ; taught school, 
 and while thus engaged reail law; took the junior 
 course in law in the Kentucky I'niversity in 
 187i)-80; went to Washington in Sept.-ndier, 1.8.82, 
 frxnu which time until .hnio 30, bssti, lie was an 
 
 examiner and special examiner in the Pension 
 Rnreau of the Interior I)e|>iirtment; returned to 
 Kentucky in 1.S87, and in that year was electeil 
 to the Kentucky house of representatives, session 
 of 1.887-88; Kepublican nominee for. '^tate treasurer 
 in 188it; elected mayor of Middlesboro in Xoveni- 
 i ber, l.Sit;{, for four years, which position he resigneil 
 to acceot a seat in the Fifty-fourth Congress, to 
 which lie was eleited as a Hepublican; reelected 
 to the Fifty-fifth Ci>ngress; colonel of a Kentucky 
 regiment during the Spanish- American war. 
 
 Colston, Edward, wasbornin Berkeley County, 
 \'a., in 17.S8; graduated from I'rinceton Colleg<' u\ 
 180t); several years a member of the.'^tate h<ius«- of 
 repre.sentiitivesand high sheriff of Berkeley Count v; 
 elected a Kepresentative from Virginia to the Fif- 
 teenth Congress as a Federalist; defeated for the 
 Sixteenth Congress; died inUerkelevCountv, Va., 
 April 2.i, 1851. 
 
 Comegys, Joseph P. , was born at Cherlwiurjr, 
 Del.. Decemlier 2ii. ISKi; received a liberal inluca- 
 [ tioii; studied law. admitted to the bar in b8.'{5, and 
 ' practiced; memberof the State house of representa- 
 tives ]8.'i5 and 1.84H; appointed one of aconuiiission 
 of three lawyers to ri'vise the Slate statutes in 1.852; 
 . apjiniulcd a I'nited Slates .'Senator to lill the vacancy 
 caused by the death of .lolin M. Clayton, and 
 ser\cd from December 4, 18.')t>, to March;!, 1857; 
 delegate to the national I'nion convention at 
 I'liilailelpliia in 1866; appointetl chief justice of 
 Delaware Mav 18, 1876; die<l at Dover, Del., Feb- 
 ruary 1, 1.893. 
 
 Comingo, Abrani, was born in Mercer County, 
 Ky., .lanuary;*. 1820; received a liberal eilucation; 
 studied law, and in 1847 admitted to the bar; 
 moved to Missouri in 1.848; elected a member of 
 the Missouri Stale convention in Feliruary. 1.861; 
 apiiointeil provost-inai-shal of the sixth district of 
 Missouri in May, l8(iS; elected a Kepresentative 
 from Missouri to tin' Forty-second and Forty-third 
 Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Comins, Linus B. , wius born at Charlton, Jfass., 
 ' November 2!>. 1817; grailuated from the Worces- 
 ter County Manual-Labor High School; eiigagetl 
 in mercantile imrsuils and manufacturing at Kox- 
 Imry, Ma.-is.; memberof the Koxbury city council 
 in 1846, 1.847, ami 1.848, serving the last two years 
 as iiresident; mayor of Koxbury in 18.54; elected 
 ■ a Hepre..ieiitalivefrom Massachusetts to the Thirty- 
 fourth Coiigre..is as an American, and reeli-eleil to 
 the Thirty-lifth Congre.>is as a Kepublican; dele- 
 gate to the national Kepublican convention in 1860; 
 died at Jamaica Plain, Mass., OcIoIht 14, 1892. 
 
 Compton, Barnes, of I^mrel, Md.. waslxirn at 
 Port Toliacro. Charles Comity. Mil., Noveinln'r 16, 
 I,8;i0; educabd at Charlotte Hall .\cademy and at 
 Princi'lon College, where he graduated in ,lune, 
 1851; planter and farmer: member of the State 
 house of delegates from Charles Counly in l.stKMil, 
 
 I and of the senate in 1867, l.S)8, 1870, and 1872, 
 serving as president of the senate during the ses- 
 
 I sions of 1.868 and 1870; Stale toliacco inspector in 
 187.'{ and 1874; ele<-led State tn'asurer of Mary- 
 land in 1874 for two years, and reelected for five 
 successive terms, resigning in the .■ieeoiid year 
 of his sixth term, when electeil a Kepresentative 
 to the Fortv-ninth Congress as a Democrat; re- 
 elecleil to the Fiftieth, l-ifly-tirst. Fifty-second, 
 and Fifty-third Ciingre,<<es: in the Fifty-iirst Con- 
 gress was unseated March 20, 18iH1. Hon. S. K. 
 Mudd iH'ing given the .^eat; resigned May 12, 
 
 I 1.804; naval otlicer at Baltimore for four years; 
 
 I died in December, 1898. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 467 
 
 Comstock, Charles Carter, of Grand Rapids, 
 Mich., was born at Sullivan, Cheshire County, 
 N. H., March 5, 181S; received a common school 
 education; farmer, lumberman, and manufacturer 
 of furniture, wooden ware, etc.; mayor of (irand 
 Eapids 1863-04; elected to the Forty-ninth Con- 
 gress as a Fusion Democrat; died February20, 1900. 
 
 Comstock, Oliver C, was born in Oswearo 
 County, X. Y., in 1784; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; studied meilicine and jiracticeil at Truiiians- 
 burg, N. Y.; member of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives 1810-1812; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, 
 and Fifteenth Congresses as a Democrat; aban- 
 doned the jiractice of medicine and was (irdained 
 as a clergyman of the Baptist Church; chaplain of 
 the I'nited States House of Representatives; died 
 at JNIarshall, .Alich., January 11, 1860. 
 
 Comstock, Solomon'G., of Moorhead, Minn., 
 was born at Argyle, Me., May 9, 1842; received 
 an academic education: read law; admitted to 
 practice; went to Mirinesota in 1870; county 
 attorney for Clay County 1872-1878; elected a 
 representative to the Minnesota legislature in 
 1875, 1876, 1878, 1879, 1880, and 1881; State sena- 
 tor 1882-1888, when he resigned; elected to the 
 Fifty-tirst Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Condict, John, was born in 1755; educated in 
 the public schools; served as surgeon in the Revo- 
 lutionary war; member of the State house o'f rep- 
 resentatives for several years; elected a Represent- 
 ative from New Jersey to the Sixth and Seventh 
 Congresses as a Democrat; elected United States 
 Senator from New .Tersev, serving from October 
 17, 1803, to March .S. 1817; died at Orange, N. J., 
 May 4, 18.34. 
 
 Condict, Lewis, was born at ^lorristown, N. .!., 
 March, 1773; studied medicine and commenced 
 practice at Morristown; member of the State house 
 of representatives 1805-1810, serving as speaker 
 the last two years; member of the commission for 
 adjusting the boundary Ijetween New Y'ork and 
 New Jersev in 1807; elected a Repi'esentative from 
 New Jersey to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, Four- 
 teenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, 
 Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-.oecond Con- 
 gresses as a Whig; Presiilential elector on the 
 HarrLson and Tvler ticket in 1840; died at Morri.«- 
 town, N. J., May 26, 1862. 
 
 Condict, Silas (father of Silas Condict), was 
 born in New Jersey; Delegate from that State to 
 the Continental Congress 1781-1784. 
 
 Condict. Silas, was born at Newark, N. J., 1777; 
 graduated from Princeton (.^ollege in 1795; mem- 
 ber of the State house of rei>resentatives for several I 
 years; elected a Representative from New Jersey ' 
 to the Twenty-second Congress as a Clay Demo- 
 crat; defeated" for reelection to the Twenty-third 
 Congress; delegate to the State constitutitmal con- 
 vention of 1844; president of the Newark Banking 
 Companv for several vears; died at Newark, N. J 
 November 29, 1861. 
 
 Cong-er, Edwin H. , of Des iloines, Iowa, was 
 born in Knox County, 111., March 7, 1843; edu- 
 cated at Londiard I'niversity, graduating in the 
 class of 1862; enlisted at once as a private in Com- 
 pany I, One hundred and second Illinois Volunteer 
 Infantry, in which he served until the close of the , 
 war, attaining the rank of captain and receiving 
 from the President the brevet of major for "gal- 
 lant and meritorious conduct in the field;" stud- 
 ied law, and graduated from the Allianv Law- 
 
 School in 1866, when he was admitted to the bar, 
 and practiced atGalesburg, 111., until 1868; moved 
 to Dexter, Dallas County, Iowa, in 1868, and en- 
 gaged in farming, stock growing, and banking; 
 elected treasurer of Dallas County in 1877 and re- 
 elected in 1879; elected State treasurer of Iowa in 
 1880 and reelected in 1882; elected to the Forty- 
 ninth Congress as a Rei>ublican; reelected to the 
 Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses; minister to 
 Brazil 1891-1895; reappointed in 1897; transferred 
 to China in 189S, 
 
 Conger, Harmon S., was born in Connecticut; 
 moved to Cortland, N. Y., where he held several 
 local ofiices; elected a Representative from New 
 Y'ork to the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, and 
 reelected to the Thirty-first Congress. 
 
 Conger, James L., was born in New Jersey; 
 moved to Mount Pleasam,, Mich.; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Michigan to th.e Thirty-second 
 Congress as a Free Soil Whig. 
 
 Conger, Omar D., of Port Huron, Mich., was 
 born in 1818 at Cooperstown, N. Y.: moved with 
 his father. Rev. E. Conger, to Huron Countv, Ohio, 
 in 1824; pursued his academic studies at" Huron 
 Institute, .Alilan, Ohio, and graduated in 1842 from 
 Western Reserve College; employed in the geolog- 
 ical survey and mineral explorations of the Lake 
 Superior copper and iron regions in 1845-1847, and 
 in 1848 engaged in the practice of law at Port Huron, 
 Mich.; elec'fed judge of the St. Clair County court 
 in 1850, and senator in the Michigan legislature 
 for the biennial terms of 1855, 1857, and 1859; 
 president pro tempore of the senate in 1859; elected 
 in 1866 a member of the constitutional convention 
 of Michigan; Presidential elector on the Repub- 
 lican ticketin 1864; electedtotheFortv-first, Forty- 
 second, Forty-third, Forty-fourth," Fortv-fifth, 
 Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses as a 
 Repulilican; elected to the United States Senate as 
 a Republican (to succeeii Hon. Ilem-y P. Baldwin, 
 Republican) for the term 1881-1887. 
 
 Conkling, Alfred (father of Frederick and 
 Roscoe ('onkling), wag born at East Hamjiton, 
 N. Y., October 12, 1789; graduated from Union 
 College; studied law, admitted to the bar in 1812, 
 and commenced practice at Canajoharie; district 
 attorney for Montgomery County for two years; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Seventeenth Congressas an ant i-Jackson Democrat; 
 nioyed to Albany; appointed by President Adams 
 United States district judge for the northern dis- 
 trict of New Y'ork, serving from 1825 to 1852; 
 appointed by President Fillmore minister to Mex- 
 ico, serving from August 6, 1852, to August 17, 
 1853; on his return located at Genesee, N. Y., and 
 devoted himself toliterarv pursuits; died at Utica 
 February 5, 1874. 
 
 Conkling, Frederick Augustus, was born at 
 Canajoharie, N.Y'., August 22, 1816; received a 
 classic-al education; engaged in mercantile busi- 
 ness in New Y'ork City;" elected as a Republican to 
 the State legislature i"n 1858, in which he served 
 two terms; in June, 1860, organized the Eighty- 
 fourth Regiment of the National (iuard o'f the 
 State of New Y'ork, and was its colotiel: served 
 through the Shenandoah cam[)ai<:n, and in 1863 
 his regiment was on provost-guard diity in Balti- 
 more; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Republican; 
 died at New Y'ork City September 18, 1891. 
 
 ConkHug, Roscoe, of Utica, N. Y"., was born 
 at Albany Octolier .'iO, 1829; received an a<-ademio 
 education; studied and practiced law; moved to 
 
4t')S 
 
 CONGBK88IONAL DIHttCTOBY. 
 
 Utica in 1840; district attorney for Oi\eicla County 
 in 1H50; I'lcctt'il mayor of Utica in 1858; Kepri'- 
 ^'l>nlalivl' to tlic Thirty-sixth, Tliirly-scventli, ami 
 Thirty-ninth < 'oiifirfsscs, ami ivcli'i'tiMl a Ut'iiro- 
 sentaiive in Ihr l'"iirtieth ('niiiircHs, hot was iiMnic- 
 (Hatcly aftorwanls oli'cti-ii to tho Scnato of thi' 
 Unitcil States asalnion Kcpuhlican, to su<-cee(l 
 Ira Harris, Kci>ubhcaii; look liisseat in tlu" Senate 
 in March, IStiT, ami wius reelected, servin<r inilil 
 he resijineil. May 1(>, 18,81; retired to jirivate life 
 and resumed the practict^ of law in New York 
 City; died at New York City A])ril IS, 1888. 
 
 Conn, Charles Gerard, of Islkluirt, Ind., wtus 
 iHini at tlie villajie of I'helps, Ontario County, 
 N. Y., in the year 1844, and in early hovliood ac- 
 companied his parents to Klkliart, Ind.; served 
 throuf.'hout the civil war as a soldier in the riiinii 
 .\rmy; nianiifacturer; elei-ted to the l''ifty-lliinl 
 Oonjiressasa Democrat; returned to p.lkhart, Ind., 
 and ensrasied in mannfaetiiring. 
 
 Connell, William, of Sirantnn, I'a., was born 
 at Cape r.rctoii, Nova Scotia. Srptetnlier 10, l.SL'T, 
 his ]iarents lieinn of Scoti'h and Irish descent; his 
 education was self-won; wlieii he was vet young 
 his parents moved to what is now Ilazleton, Lu- 
 zerne County, I'a., where he worked in the mines 
 as a driver hoy at 75 cents a day; in 18.")(i, haviu}; 
 shown the ability to rise in life, placed in I'liartje 
 of the mines of the Susciuehanna and Wyoming 
 Valley Kailroad ami Coal Company, with ottices 
 at Scrantiin; in 1870, the charter of that i-ompany 
 lajisini;, he iiurcha.seil the plant with his .sivinirs 
 and organized the lirm nf William Connell iV: Co.; 
 from tliis beginning he developed into one of the 
 largest individual coal oiuTators in the \\ ynming 
 coal region; president of the Third National Bank; 
 head of or actively iilentified with the manage- 
 ment of most of the industries and large eonnner- 
 eial enteriirises of Scranton, ami prominent in 
 charitable and religious work; member of the 
 Methodist lOpiscopal Church; always a Hepub- 
 liean; delegate to the Kepublican national con- 
 vention of ISiMl and member of the I'einisylvania 
 Kepublican i-umnnttee; elected to the Kifty-tifth, 
 Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congre.sses; de- 
 feated for the Fifty-eighth Congress. 
 
 Connell, William J., of Omaha, Nebr., was 
 l)orn at Cowansville, Canada, .luly li, 184(); moved 
 to the village of Sehroon Lake, N. Y., when II 
 years of age; received an academic education; in 
 April, 18(>7, located at Omaha; ailmitted to the bar 
 in 181)!), and engaged in the practice of his jirofes- 
 sion; elected district attorney of the thinl judicial 
 district of Nebraska in 187L', and rei'lected in 1874; 
 appointed city attorney of Omaha in 188:!, ami 
 occupied that jiosition until 1887; elected to the 
 Fifty-lirtit Congress iw a He])ublican; ap|>ointed 
 city attorney of Omaha, Nebr., in I8!)2. 
 
 Conner, James Perry, of I)eni.«on, Iowa, was 
 born in I >elaware County, Ind., .lamiary 27, 1851; 
 attended colli'ge at the I'pper Iowa I'niversity, at 
 Fayette, Iowa, ami grailuate<l from the law depart- 
 ment of the Stale Iniversity at Iowa Cily in ,Iune, 
 187:1; i-lecled district attorney <if the thirteenth 
 judicial district of Iowa in 1.8,80 and held that 
 ollice four years; elected ciri-uit judge nf the tliir- 
 tiHMith judicial district of Iowa in 1884; elected 
 district judge of the sixteenth judicial c list rid of 
 Iowa in I88(i, having tliesu|)|Mirl i>f Imth He|iub- 
 liean and Democratic jiarlies; delegate to the na- 
 tiomil Kepnblican convention at Minneapolis in 
 18!t2; nominate.! S'plend>er2t>, IHOO, bvthe Kepnb- 
 liesiti con vent ion "ft he Tenth Congressnmal ilistrict 
 of Iowa fcir the Fifty-sixth Congrt-ss, tu till the 
 
 vacancy eause<l by the resignation of Hon. .1. P. 
 Dolliver.and elected; reele«'ted tothe Fifty-seventh 
 and Fifty-eighth Congres.«es. 
 
 Conner, John C, was Iwrnat Nohle.sville, Ind., 
 in 1.842; student at the Wabash College, Indiana; 
 entered the Cnion .\rniy in I8()2 as a lieutenant in 
 the Sixty-third Imliaiui Volunteers and serveil 
 until the close of the war; ajipninted a cajitain in 
 till' Forty-lirsl Infantry upon the reorganization of 
 the Army in ISiKl an<l served in Texas until nomi- 
 nated for Congress; elected a Representative from 
 Texas to the Forty-first and Forty-secoml Con- 
 gres.ses as a Democrat. 
 
 Conner, Samuel S., was born in Ni'w llam|> 
 shire; grailualed from Yale College in l.sOti; si-rved 
 in the war of 1812 as major of the Twenty-lirst 
 Infantry and lieiitenant-i'olonel of the Thirteenth 
 Infantry, resigning .lulv 14, 1814; electi'ila Hepre- 
 sentative from Ma.s.<;icliusetts to the Fourteenth 
 Congress; appointed surveyor-general of the ( >hio 
 lami district in 1819; died at Covington. Kv., 
 December 17, 1820. 
 
 Conness, John, was born in Ireland, Septem- 
 ber 20, 1821; emigrated when a lad to the I'nited 
 States; learned the art of piaiioforti' making ami 
 worked at it in New York; one of the California 
 pioneers, interested in the mines and aftiTwaids 
 in mercantile pin-suits; member of the California 
 U'gislature 18.53-54 and 18(U>-(il; electkl a I'nited 
 States Senator from California as a Union Kepub- 
 lican to succeed Milton S. Latham, Democrat, and 
 served from March 4, 18().3, to .March 4. 18()9; 
 moved to Ma.s.sacliusett.s. 
 
 Connolly, Daniel Ward, of Scranton, I'a., was 
 born al Cochectoii. ."^nllivan County, N. Y., April 
 24, 1847, and resided in Scranton thirty-tive years; 
 edncateil in the jaiblic schools of Scranton; stud- 
 ied law in the ollice of .\. .\. Cha.H', Scranton, 
 and admitted to the bar of Luzerne County in 
 .lime, 1870; elected president-judge of Lackawanna 
 Comity, on its organization in 1878, but did not 
 take his .seat, thesupreme court holding that there 
 was no vacancy; camlidate for Congress in 1880 
 against .1. A. Scranton, but defeated through the 
 indeiM'udent candidacy of Colonel AV right; electe<l 
 tothe Foitv-eiglith Congnvss as a Democrat; died 
 December 4. 1.804. 
 
 Connolly. James Austin, <if Springfield, IIL, 
 was born at Newark, N. .1., March 8, 184:5; went 
 toOhio with his parents in 18.")0; had an academic 
 education; assistant clerk of Ohio senate 1S')S-5S); 
 admitted to the bar in Ohio in I."<til; moved to 
 Illinois in 18iil; entereil the T". S. .\rmy in 1.8t)2 
 as a private in the One hnndreil aiiil twenty-third 
 Illinois A'oliinteers, and was afterwards caiitaili, 
 major, ami brevet lieutenant-colonel; ineiiil»erof 
 the Illinois house of rejire.si.ntatives 187:i-I875; 
 rniled Slates attorney for the southern clislrict of 
 Illinois |87i>-l8S.'> ami ag-ain 188!l-1.8<i:i; appointe<l 
 and conlirmed .Solicitor (if the Treasury in 18H(i, 
 but diM lined to accept; ran for Congress in 18.S(), 
 as a Ivcjuiblicaii, against W. M. S|iriiiger, Demo- 
 crat, and defeated; noniinaled again in l.s.88, but 
 del-lined to run; electe<i to the Fifty-fourth and 
 Fifty-tifth Congresces as a Reimblican; re-sinned 
 the iiraitice of law. 
 
 Connor, Henry W. , was born in I'rince (Ji-orffO 
 County, Va., in .\ugust, 17!'.'!; graduate^l from tho 
 Vniversily of South Carolina in 1812; .-n'rviNl as 
 aid-ile-camp to Hrig. (ien. .la^eph (irahain in the 
 ex|H'dition against the Creek Indians in 1814; 
 si'ttled in Catawba County, N. C. : defeateil as the 
 Democratic candidate for the .Sixteenth Congn'ss; 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 4(v:) 
 
 elected a Representative from North Carolina to 
 the Seventeenth Conpcress as a Democrat of the 
 Macon school, and reelected to the Eighteenth, 
 Nineteenth, Twentietli, Twenty-iirst, Twenty-sec- 
 ond, Twenty-tlurd, Twenty-fourth, Twenty-tifth, 
 and Twenty-sixth ConLrresses; member of the 
 State senate in 184S; retired from public life; died 
 in Catawba County, N. C, January 15, 1866. 
 
 Conover, Simon B. , was born in ^Middlesex 
 
 County, X. .1., Septemlier L'.'f, 1S40; stuilied medi- 
 cine and graduated in IStiH; appointed assistant 
 surgeon in the Army of the Cuuilierland, and sta- 
 tioned at Nashville, Tenn.; after several promo- 
 tions in the Medical (.'orps of the Army, ordered 
 to Lake City, Fla., in ].%(!, and shortly afterwards 
 resigned his commission; delegate to the State 
 constitutional convention in 1868; appointed State 
 treasurer by (Jovernor Kecd; member of the (.;hi- 
 eago eonvention which nominated General tirant 
 in ISCiS, and at that time appointed a meudier of 
 the national Kepublican committee; member of 
 the State executive Republican connnittee of Flor- 
 ida; member of the State house of representatives 
 and was chosen to preside over that body; elected 
 a Cnited States Senator from Florida as a Repub- 
 lican in place of T. \V, ()sl)orn. Republican, for 
 the term of ]S7:;-187<t, 
 
 Conrad, Charles M. , was born at Winchester, 
 Va., about 1804; moved with his father to Missis- 
 sippi, and thence to Louisiana; studied law; in 
 1828 atbnitted to the bar, and commenced practice 
 at New Orleans; member of the State house of rep- 
 resentatives for several years; elei'ted a United 
 States Senator from Louisiana as a Whig in ]>lace 
 of Alexander Mouton, resigni«l, serving from April 
 14, 1842, to March 3, 184:5; delegate to the State 
 constitutional convention in 1844; elected a repre- 
 sentative from Louisiana to the Thirty-first Con- 
 gress as a Whig, serving from December .3, 1849, 
 to August 17, 1850, when he resigned; appointed 
 Secretary of War l)y President F^illmore, serving 
 from August 13, 1850, to JLareh 7, 1853; deputy 
 from Louisiana in the Montgomery provisional 
 congress of 1861 ; Representative from Louisiana to 
 the First and Second Confederate Congresses, 1862- 
 1864; died at New Orleans February 12, 1878. 
 
 Conrad, Frederick, was elected a Representa- 
 tive from Pennsyh ania to the Eighth and Ninth 
 Congresses. 
 
 Conrad, John, was elected a Representative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Thirteenth Congress. 
 
 Conry, Joseph A., of P>oston, Mass., was born 
 September 12. isti8; president of the Boston com- 
 mon council in 1896-97; chairman of the board of 
 aldermen in 1898; elected to the Fifty-seventh 
 Congress as a Democrat; defeated for the Fifty- 
 eighth Congress. 
 
 Constable, Albert, was born in Maryland; 
 stuilied law and commenced practice at Perryville, 
 Md., elected a Representative from INlaryland to l 
 the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat; elected 
 judge of the circuit court of Marvland in 1851 ; 
 died at Camden, N. J., September iS, 1855. 
 
 _Contee, Benjamin, was born in Maryland in 
 1755; studied theology and became a clergvman 
 of the Protestant F;piscopal Church; Delegate" from 
 JIaryland to the Contini'utal Congress 1787-88; 
 elected a Reiircsentative from Maryland to the 
 First Congress; presiding judge of' tlie Charles 
 County testamentary court ; died in Charles Countv, 
 Md., November 3, 1815. 
 
 Converse, George L. , of Columbus, Ohio, was 
 born at (ieorgesville, Fn-.nklin ( Viunty, Ohio, .Tune 
 
 4, 1827; graduated from (iranville College, Ohio, 
 class of 1849; admitted to the bar in 1851; repre- 
 sented bis county in the house of representatives 
 of that State 1860-1863 and 187.3-1 87(>, and speaker 
 of the hou.se 1873-74; member of the Ohio senate 
 1864-65; elected to the Forty-sixth, JMirty-seventh, 
 and Fortv-eighth Congresses as a Democrat; died 
 March .30, 1.S97. 
 
 Conway, Henry Wharton, was born in Greene 
 ('ounty, Tenn.; educated in the public schools; 
 moved to Arkansas ami elected a Delegate from 
 that Territory to the Eightccnlb :nid Nineteenth 
 Congresses. 
 
 Conway, Martin F., was liorn at Charleston, 
 
 5. ('., in 1830; received a liberal education; moved 
 to Baltimore in 1844; learned the art of printing, 
 and became a mend)er of National Typographical 
 I'nion; studied law and commenced practice at 
 Paltimore; moved to Kansas in 18.54; member of 
 the first legislative council; chief justice of the 
 su])renie court under the Topeka constitution; 
 president of the Leavenworth constitutional con- 
 vention; elected a Representative from Kansas to 
 the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Rei)ublican; 
 appointed United States consul; returned to United 
 States and became a resident of Washington, D. C; 
 devoted himself to literary pursuits; died atAVash- 
 ington, D. C, February 15, 1882. , 
 
 Cook, Burton C, was born in Monroe County, 
 N. Y., Jlay 11, 1819; educated at the Collegiate 
 Institute, Rochester; studied law, and in 1835 
 moved to Ottawa County, III., where he com- 
 menced pi-acticein 1840; elected by the legislature 
 State attorney for the ninth jmlicial district for 
 two years in 1846, and reelected by the [icople in 
 1848 for four years; memlier of the State senate of 
 Illinois 1852-1860; member of the peace confer- 
 ence which met at Washington in 1861 ; elected to 
 the Thirty-ninth Congress from Illinois as a 
 Republican, and reelected to the Fortieth and 
 Forty-first Congresses. 
 
 Cook, Daniel P., was lioru in Scott County, 
 Ky., in 1795; received a liberal education; studied 
 law and commenced practice at Kaskaskia; moved 
 to E<lwardsville; elected a Representative from 
 Illinois to tlie Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, 
 and Nineteenth Congresses; defeated for the 
 Twentieth Congress; "died in Kentuckv October 
 16, 1827. 
 
 Cook, John C, of Newton, Iowa, was born in 
 Seneca County, Ohio, December 26, 1841!; received 
 a common school education; studied for tlie legal 
 ]irofession, and connnenced the p?'aclice of law at 
 21 years of age; elected judge of the si.\th district 
 of iow-a in 1878; elected to the Fcirty-seventh Con- 
 gress in 1880; certificate awarded to .M. I-",. Cutts, 
 but on a contest Mr. Cook, on March 3, 1883, was 
 declared elected and awarded his .seat; elected to 
 the Forty-eighth Congress to fill the vacancy 
 (•ansed by the death of Mr. Cutts; on his jirevious 
 elections he was nominate<l by the National Party 
 and also by the Democrats; at bis last election he 
 ran as an independent, receiving no party nom- 
 ination, but the support of the Nationals and 
 DeiiKJcrats. 
 
 Cook, John P., was born in New York; moveil 
 to Davenport, Iowa; elected a Representative 
 from Iowa to the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Cook, Orchard, was horn in the Maine district 
 of Massachusetts: educated in the public schools; 
 
470 
 
 CONOKKSSlONAL DIKKl'TdKV . 
 
 fiipigoil in nieroantilo imrsiiits; liifih .■'hoiiff of 
 l.iiK'i)ln Cnniitv; clcrti'il a Kcprc^inlalivr Irmii 
 MufiJjirlium'tU to the Ninth, 'rciitli, and lOh'Vciilli 
 C'ontfrefses'. 
 
 Cook, Philip, of Ainerii'iis, (ia., wa-s liorn in 
 T\vii;ip< (,'oiinty, lia., July HI, 1S17; jmrtially oihi- 
 cateil at O^'lctlioipi' riiivor^ity, t ii'orda; road law 
 at tho I'liivcrsitvof Virj;inia, and |iraiti<cd; elected 
 to the Slate .senate of <ieoi.;ia in IS.MI. IStid, and 
 IStiS; nienduT of the State eonvontioii in iMi'i. 
 called l>y President .)ohn?ion; entered tlie Confed- 
 erate ferviee in IStil as a (irivate; coniinistjioned 
 lirst lieutenant, lieutenant-colonel, colonel, ami in 
 Au;:ust, ISlil), hritradier-sieneral ; elected to the 
 Thirty-ninth (\)n};res.>i, Init not allowed to take his 
 seat; elected to the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, 
 Forty-lifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Con- 
 frresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Cook, Samuel A., of Neenah, AVis., was born 
 in Ontario ,Ianuary L'S, 1S4>I; receivinl a common 
 school education it\ Fond du Lac and Calumet 
 counties; enlisted as a private in Company .\, Sec- 
 ond Wisconsin Cavalry; served umter (ieneral 
 Custer; mustered out at the close of the war; lived 
 on a farm in Calumet County until 1S7-, when he 
 located in Marathon County, conductinsia li\isiness 
 of general merchandising, later on eu;;ai.'ing in 
 mainifacturiuf;; moved to Xeenah. \Vinnebaj;o 
 County, in l,s,Hl; elected mayor of Xeenah in 1889; 
 member of the .state legislature in 18!)l-itL'; dele- 
 gate to the Kepublican national convention at 
 Minneapolis in ISHL'; electe<l to the Fifty-fourth 
 Congress as a Kepublican. 
 
 Cook, Zadock, was born in Georgia in 17(«!i; 
 member nf the State house of representatives for 
 several yeai"s; elected a Hepresentative from tieor- 
 gia to the Fourteenth Congre.ss in place of Alfred 
 Cuthliert, resigned; reelected to the Fifteenth 
 Congress. 
 
 Cooke, Bates, was born in Niagara (^)unty, 
 N. Y.: elected a Hepresentative from New Y<uk 
 to the Twenty-second t'ongress as an anti-.Ma.son; 
 comjitroller of the Stale of New York in Febru- 
 ary, l.S;W; bank commissioner from Mav 14, 1.S41, 
 until liis death, at Lewist<)n, N. Y., early in 1S41. 
 
 Cooke, Edward Deau, was born at Cascade. 
 l)ubu.|Ue County. Iowa. (Kioher 17, KMli; educated 
 in the lommon schools, the Ca.scade .\<ademy, 
 and the high school of Pubuque; studied law at the 
 Columbian Fnivei-sity, Washington, 1>. ('., receiv- 
 ing tliedegreeof bachelorof laws; admitleil tothe 
 bar in lS7:int Washington. Itubnque, and Chicago; 
 elected a representative to the Illinois le;:islature 
 in 1.S.S2 as a Kejiulilican, and meudierof thejuili- 
 ciary committt^e and eonunittee on banks and 
 banking, and chairman of the counnillee on elec- 
 tions; elei'ted to the Fifty-fourth Congif.«s from 
 what is known as the "North Side district "' in the 
 city of Chicago, and reelected to the Fifty-tifth 
 Congress; died Juno 2.^, l.**!'?. 
 
 Cooke, Eleutheros, was bi>rn at (iranville, 
 N. v.. December ■J'l. 1787; studied law and com- 
 nu'uceil praiticeat < iranville; moved lo Sandusky. 
 Ohio; meml>er of the .'^tate house of representa- 
 tives for .several years; elected a Kepre.st'niative 
 from ( >hio to the Twcntv-second Coni;re.ss; again 
 u memlHT of the State liouse of repn'.sentatives; 
 ilitnl ut Samlusky, Ohio. December L'8, 18tM. 
 
 Cooke, Joseph Piatt, wan born at Danburv, 
 Conn., in 17:iO; graduated from Yale College m 
 
 I7,"i0; Delegate from ( 'onne<ticul to theConlinenlal 
 Conu're.ss 17.h4-17.s8; dieil at l>anburv. t'onn.. 
 August 14, I81(J. 
 
 Cooke, Thomas B., was a resident of Catskill, 
 N. Y.; elei-ted a Uepresentative from that State to 
 the Twelfth Congress as a Democrat; meudn'r of 
 the State house of representatives in I8.'{8anil l,s3t>. 
 
 Coolidg-e, Frederick Spaulding', of .\sliburn- 
 ham, Mass., was born at Westminster, Milss., 
 December 7, 1841; received his education in the 
 common schools; manufacturer of chairs and chair 
 cane, and marmger of the lloslon Chair Manufac- 
 turing Com])any and of the Leominsler Rattan 
 Works; selectman of his native town for three 
 years, and luOd other ollices; mend>erof the Dem- 
 ocratic ."state central committee; Democratic elector 
 in 1888; representative to the general court of 
 Mas.sachusetts in I87.">; electe«l to the Fifty-second 
 Congress as a Di-nuxrat. 
 
 Coombs, Frank L., of Napa, Cal., was born at 
 Napa, Cal., Decendier 27, 1.S.W; educatt-d in the 
 public scluH)ls of California and the law school of 
 ('olundiian I'niversity, Washington, D. C, gradu- 
 ating fmni the latter institution in 187.'i, and admit- 
 leil to the practice of law; district attorney of 
 Napa Cnuntv, Cal., 1S80-1,8,s.t: member of" the 
 C:difornia legislature of 1887, 18,8!l, 18*11, and 18H7, 
 and speaker of the a.sseudily in 1891 and 1,897; 
 served as I'nited States minister to Japan for the 
 unexpired term occasioned by the death of John 
 F. Swift, from .lune, 1892, to August, 189:}; State 
 librarian of California from .Vjiril 1, 1.898, to April 
 1, l,8il9; I'nited States attornev for the northern 
 district of California from April I. 1,898. to March 
 1, 1901; elected to the Fifty-seventh I'ongress as a 
 Kepublican. 
 
 Coombs, William J., of Brooklyn, N. Y., was 
 linrn at .lordan, dnondag.i County, N. Y., Decem- 
 ber 24. ls:;S; moved to New York City in early 
 life and for many years resided in lirooklyn: one 
 of the pioneei's in the businessof exporting .Amer- 
 ican goods; unsuccessful Independent ami Demo- 
 cratic candidate for Congi-ess in 1.888; electetl to 
 the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Cooney, James, of Marshall, Mo., was born in 
 Ireland in 1848, and cau)e to the I'nited .States 
 with his family in 18.i2; educat»'d in Ihe public 
 schools and at the Slate I'niversity of Missouri; 
 taught school for a few yeai^s after he h'ft Ihe uni- 
 versity, and in 187.''> located in Mai'shall, Mo., ami 
 again engaged in the practi<-e of law; elected to 
 the ollice of jirobate judge of his county in 1880; 
 eleited prosecuting attornev of his countv in bS82 
 ami agani in 1.8,84; elei'le<l to llu' Fifty-tifib, Fifty- 
 sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses as a Democnil. 
 
 Cooper, Charles M., of Jacksonville, Fla., was 
 born at .\thens, (ia.. January lt>. 18.">t); when a 
 child moved with his jmrenls to Florida, whert" 
 bis father's familv bad pivviously i-esi,ieil; ail- 
 niitteil to the bar in 1877; elecleil to lower house 
 of legislature in 188t); elected to State Semite in 
 1,8,84; appointeil attorney -geiienil of the State in 
 18.8.-) for term of fouryears; appointe<l in 1.8,8<lone 
 of three commissioners to revise the statutes of the 
 Stale; elected to the Fifly-lhir.1 anil Fifty-fourth 
 Congn'.s.scs as a DemoiTat; resumed the practice of 
 law. 
 
 Cooper, Edmund, was born at Franklin, Tenn., 
 Seplendier 11. 1821; gr.idualetl from .laeksou Col- 
 lege ill l,s;>9: studiiil law at Harvard Colli-ge, ami 
 commenceil |iractice in Hedfor^l County, Tenn.; 
 
BIOGKAPHIE8. 
 
 471 
 
 member of the State house of representatives in 
 1849; Union delegate to the State ronstitutional 
 convention of 1861; again elected to tlic State lunise 
 of representatives, but in lS(i5 resigned, liaving 
 been elected to Congress; elected a Representative 
 from Tennessee to the Thirty-ninth Congress as a 
 Conservative, and served frmn July 13, 180(5, to 
 March 3, ISO"; appointed by I'resident Johnson 
 Assistant Secretarv of the Treasurv Novendicr 20, 
 1867, and served until ]\Iarch 20, 1S69. 
 
 Cooper, George B., was born at Long Hill, 
 N. J., JuiieC), ISOS; educated in the public schools; 
 moved to Jackson, I\lich., in 1830, and engaged in 
 mercantile pursuits; postmaster at Jackson for 
 eleven years; State treasurer of Michigan for two 
 years; mendaer of the State senate and house of 
 representatives for several years; claimed to liave 
 been elected a Representative from Michigan to 
 the Thirty-sixth Congress, buttbe House gave the 
 seat to \Villiam A. Howard, Mr. Cooper serving 
 from December 5, 1859, to May 15, 1860. 
 
 Cooper, Georg-e William, was born in Bar- 
 tholomew County, Ind., May 21, 1851; received a 
 preliminary education in the public schools, and 
 took a four years' collegiate course at the Indiana 
 State Uni\-ersity, graduating from the literary and 
 law courses in 1872; elected prosecuting attorney 
 in 1872; elected mayor of the city of Ccilumbus in 
 1877; city attorney of Columbus for fnur years; 
 elected to the Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and Fifty- 
 third Congresses as a Democrat; resumed the 
 practice of law at Columbus, Ind. ; died November 
 27, 1899. 
 
 Cooper, Henry, was born at Columbia, Tenn., 
 August 22, 1827; graduated from Jackson College 
 in 1847; studied law and commenced ])ractice at 
 Shelbyville in 1850; member of the State legisla- 
 ture of Tennessee in 1853 and 1857; appointed 
 judge of the seventh judicial circuit of Tennessee 
 in April, 1862, and resigned in January, 1866; 
 chosen professor in the law school at Lebanon, 
 Tenn., September 1, 1866, but resigned in June, 
 1867, and moved to Nashville, where he resumetl 
 the practice of law; elected to the State senate of 
 Tennessee in 1869 and 1870; elected a Cnited 
 States Senator from Tennessee as a Democrat 
 (defeating Andrew Johnson, Democrat) for the 
 term of 1S71-1S77. 
 
 Cooper, Henry Allen, of Racine, Wis., was 
 born in Walworth County, AVis.; received a com- 
 mon school and collegiate education; graduated 
 from the Northwestern University in 1873, and 
 from Union College of Law, Chicago, in 1875; 
 elected district attorney of Racine Countv in 1880, 
 and reelecteil in 18s2 and 1884; elected State sen- 
 ator in 1SS6; elected to the Fiftv-third, Fifty- 
 fourth, Fifty-lifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and 
 Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Cooper, James, was born in Frederick County, 
 Md., May 8, 1810; graduated from Washington 
 College; studied law, in 1834 admitted to the bar, 
 and commenced practice at Gettysburg, Pa.; 
 elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig, and reelected 
 to the Twenty-seventh Congre.ss;"meud.ier of the 
 State legislature in 1843, 1844, 1846, and 1848, .serv- 
 ing as speaker one term ; attornev-general of Penn- 
 sylvania in 1848; elected a United States Senator 
 from Pennsylvania as a Whig, .servimrfrom Decem- 
 ber 3, 1849," to IMarch 3, 1855; moved to I'hiladel- 
 phia; authorized by President Lincoln to raise a 
 brigade of loyal INIarvlanders, and commissioned 
 brigadier-general iu May, 1861; served hi West 
 
 Virginia under General Fremont; appointed com- 
 mandant at Camp Chase, near Cincinnati, and died 
 there :March 1, 1863. 
 
 Cooper, John, was born in New Jersey; Dele- 
 gate fnjin that State to the Continental Congre.ss 
 in 1776. 
 
 Cooper, Mark A. , was lioi'n i ii tieorgia; studied 
 law and commenced jiractice at Columbus; elected 
 a Representative from (ieorgia to the Twenty-sixth, 
 Twenty-se\-enth, and Twenty-eighth Congresses 
 as a Democrat; resigned froni the Twentv-eighth 
 Congress in 1843 to becouie Democratic candidate 
 for governor of Georgia, and was defeated. 
 
 Cooper, Richard M., was born in Gloucester 
 County, N. J., in 1767; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; leading mend^er of the Society of Friends; 
 member of the State house of representatives for 
 several years; elected a Representative from New 
 Jersey to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second 
 Congresses; president of the State Bank" of New 
 Jersey for several years; died at Camden, N. J., 
 March 10, 1843. 
 
 Cooper, Sam Bronson, of AVoodville, Tex., 
 was liorn in Caldwell County, Ky., May 30, 1850; 
 moved with his parents to Texas the "same year 
 and located in Woodville, Tyler County; educated 
 in the common school of the town; at 16 years of 
 age began clerking in a general store; read law in 
 the office of Nicks & Hobby in 1871; obtained 
 license to practice law and became a partner in 
 the firm of Nicks, Hobby & Cooper in January, 
 1872; elected county attorney of Tyler County m 
 1876 and 1878; elected to tlie State senate in l"880; 
 reelected in 1882; appointed collector of internal 
 revenue of the first district of Texas by President 
 Cleveland in 1885; elected to the JFiftv-third 
 Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh) 
 and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Cooper, Thomas, was born in Delaware; 
 elected a Representative from Delaware to the 
 Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist, and reelected 
 to the Fourteenth Congress. 
 
 Cooper, Thomas B. , was born at Cooperstown, 
 Pa., Decemlier 29, 1823; graduated from Pennsyl- 
 vania College; studied medicine at tlie University 
 of Pennsylvania, and commenced pracliceat Coop- 
 erstown; elected a Representative from Pennsyl- 
 vania to the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Denio- 
 crat, serving from July 4, 1861, until his death, at 
 Cooperstown, Pa., April 4, 1862. 
 
 Cooper, "William (father of James Feuiniore 
 Cooper, tlie novelist), was born at Burlington, 
 N. J. ; moved to Otsego County, N. Y., and founded 
 Cooperstown; lawyer; appointed first judge of the 
 court of common pleas for Otsego County February 
 17, 1791; elected a Representative from" New York 
 to the Fourth and Sixth Congresses as a Federalist; 
 died at Coojierstcjwn, N. Y." 
 
 Cooper, William C, was born at :\Iount \fv- 
 non, Ohio, December IS, 1832; educated in the 
 public schools and at the Mount Vernon Academy; 
 attorney at law; prosecuting attorney January, 
 1859-1863; mayor of Mount Vernon April, 1862- 
 April, 1864; member of the general assembly of 
 Ohio January, lS72-January, 1874; judge-advocate- 
 general of "Ohio January, 1879-Jamiary, 1884; 
 member of the board of education of Mount Ver- 
 non, and president of the board; elected to the 
 Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses as 
 a Republican. 
 
472 
 
 CONGRESSIi )N A I, I )I K K( 'T< iKV. 
 
 Cooper, W. R., was cli'i-tiMl a Rejpiesontativc 
 fniiii Ni'W Jfivey to the Twcnty-i^ixth Conirrcss iis 
 a l>ciniHTat. 
 
 Corbett, Henry W.. was born at \Vi'stt)oro, 
 ^liUis., I'Vbruary IS, l.SL'7; ihovimI witli liis parfnt." 
 to \Vasliiii},'ton "County, X. Y.; reci'i\\'<l a liberal 
 eduoatiiiii; engaged in niorcantile pui-suitsat Cain- 
 bridgo, X. Y., in 1S40; nioveil to New Y'urk City 
 in lS4:i, eontinnind tlierc in iiierciuitile pnrsnils 
 until 18r>I; moved to I'ortlaiKl, ()rep., in IStil; 
 city treasurer, member of the city eonneil, and 
 oliairnian of the Ueiuibliian State central commit- 
 tee; elected a United States Senator as a Cnion 
 Kenuhlican to succeed J. W. Nesmith, Democrat, 
 and served from l.StiT to March :i, 1873; died March 
 31, liK):i. 
 
 Corlett, William W. , of Cheyenne, was elected 
 a Delegate from Wyoming to the Forty-fifth Con- 
 gress as a KepuWican. 
 
 Corley, Simeon, was born in Lexington County, 
 S. C, February 10, 181':!; received a limited edu- 
 cation, being a student in the Lexington Academy 
 for oidy four years when he was a|)prenticed to 
 learn the tailor's trade; began business for himself 
 in 1838; <>p[)0sed the lirst attempt at secession of 
 South Carolina in ISflL', for which, on the grounds 
 of his abolitionism, an attempt was made to expel 
 him from the State; editor of the South Carolina 
 TemiHiance Stamlard in 185") and 185t); invented 
 and i)atented a new system of garment cutting in 
 
 18o7; I ipelled to eiiter the rebel army in 1863; 
 
 captured by the national troopsat Petersburg, Va., 
 April 2, 18t)">; gladly took the oath of allegiance 
 June 5 and returned home; delegate to the eon- 
 Btitutional convention of South Carolina in 18t)7; 
 elected a Representative from South Carolina to 
 the Fortieth Congress as a Keimbliean. 
 
 Corliss, John Blaisdell, of Detroit, Mich., was 
 born at Kichford, Vt.; educated at the Vermont 
 >Iethodist University; studied law at the Colum- 
 bian Law School, Washington, I). C., and gra<lu- 
 ated from that institution in 1875; settleil in 
 Detroit in Septend>er of the same year and cngage(l 
 in the practice of law; elected city attorney of 
 Detroit in 1881 and reelected in 1883; during liis 
 four years' incumbency of the oflice of city attor- 
 ney ])repared the first complete charter of Detroit, 
 wliich was passed by the legislature in 1884; 
 alwavs active in Kepublican |iolitics; elected to the 
 Fifty-fourth, Fifty-iifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty- 
 geventli C'ongresses as a Kepublican. 
 
 Cornell, Ezekiel, was born at Pcituate, R. I., 
 and <'duc:iled in the |iulilic schools: mechanic; 
 app(jinte<l lieutenant-colonel in Hitchcock's Rhode 
 Island regiment in 1775; appointed brigadier- 
 general of Rhode Island State troops in 177l) and 
 served until March Hi, 1780; Delegate from Rhode 
 Island to the Continental Congress 178(1-1783; re- 
 tire<l to his farm at Scituato, where he spent the 
 remainiler of his life. 
 
 Cornell, Thomas, was born at White Plains, 
 N. Y., .lannary -7, 1814; educated in the jiublic 
 schools; engaged in steandniat transportation 
 business between Rondout and New York City in 
 1843; president of the Cornell Steand)oat Company 
 inilil his death; fomider and president from its 
 organi/ation of the First National Paid< of Rond- 
 out; president of the Rondout Savings liank. and 
 jiriiici]>al owner of the Ulster and Delaware and 
 the Kaaterskill Railroad and of the Rhinebeckand 
 Kingston Ferry; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Fortieth Congres.s as a Re|)ul)- 
 lican; defeated for the Fortv-lirst Congress; die<l 
 at Rondout, N. Y., March 30, 1890. 
 
 Corning, Erastus, was born at Norwich, Conn., 
 Dei'emlier 14, 17!t4; moved to Troy, N. Y., and 
 enterered the hardware store of his uncle, Benja- 
 min Smith, whose business and fortune lie inher- 
 ited; moved to .\lbany in 1814 and established the 
 iron house of K. Corning it Co.; State senator 
 1842-1845; alderman for several years and snbse- 
 <|Uently mayor of Albany; elected a Repn-si-nta- 
 tivc from N\ \v York to the Thirty-tilth Coiigres.s 
 as a Democrat; defeated for the Thirty-sixth Con- 
 gre,"."; member of the jveace conference of l.Hlil; 
 again elect<d to the Tliirtv-seventh and Thirty- 
 eighth Congresses, but resigned from the latter 
 Congress; delegate to the State con.-ititutional con- 
 vention of 18()7; died at Albanv, N. Y., April 9, 
 1872. 
 
 Cornish, Johnston, of Washington, N. J., was 
 born in Hunterdon County, N. J.; educated in the 
 district sehipol of I'.ethleham Township of his native 
 county, and graduated from the business college 
 of Faston, Pa.; entered the Cornish Piano and 
 Organ Com))any as junior partner; manager of 
 that institution; elected mayor of Washington in 
 1884 and in 18S(i; declined reiiomination in 1887 
 and 1888; State senator in 1890, and elected to 
 the Fiftv-third Congress as a Democrat; elected to 
 the State senate in 1899. 
 
 Corwin, Franklin, was born at Lebanon, Ohio, 
 .January 12, 1818; studied law, and in 1839 ad- 
 mitted to the bar; served in both branches of the 
 State legislature of Ohio; moved to Peru, 111., in 
 1857, where lii^served in the State legislature, being 
 speaker of the house for two terms; elected a 
 Representativi- from Illinois to the Forty-third 
 Congress as a Keiiublican; defeated for the Forty- 
 fourth Congress. 
 
 Corwin, Moses B. (brother of Thomas Cor- 
 win), was born in I'.ourbon County, Ky., January 
 5, 1790; s|)ent till" early jiart of his life on a farm, 
 and <'ilucated in the iiublic schools; studied law, 
 admitted to the bar in 1812, and commenced 
 practice at Urbana, Ohio; member of the State 
 house of representatives in 1838 and 18.39; elected 
 a Representative from Ohio to theThirty-tiist (Vm- 
 gress as a Whig; again elected to the Thirty-third 
 Congress; died at Urbana, Ohio, April 7, 1872. 
 
 Corwin, Thomas, was bomiii Bourbon County, 
 Kv., July 29, 17!)4; moved to Ix-banon, Ohio, 
 where he s]ieiit the early part of his life on a farm; 
 studied law and in 1818 admitted to the bar; com- 
 menced jiracticeat Lebanon, Ohio; member of the 
 State legislature 1 822-1 829; elected a Representative 
 from Ohio to the Tweiitv-second Congress as a 
 Whig; reelected to the Twenty-third, Twenty- 
 fourth, Twenty -fifth, and Twenty-sixth Congresses, 
 serving from December 5, IS.!! to 1840, when he 
 resigned; elected governor of Ohio in 1840; de- 
 feated in 1842; elected United States Senator from 
 Ohio, serving from Decemlier 1. 1845, to July 22, 
 1850, when he resigned, having been ai)pointed 
 Secretary of the Treasury by President Taylor, and 
 serving until March 3, 18.53; electeil to thcTliirtv- 
 sixth and Thirty-seventh Coiigres-ses as a Repub- 
 lican; appointt'il by President Lim-oln minister to 
 Mexico, serving from .March 12, l.stil, to Septem- 
 ber 1, l.Si)4; located at Washington, D. C, where 
 he died December 18, 18(i.5. 
 
 CosgTOve, John, of Boonville, Mo., was born 
 in Jefferson County, X. Y.. Septendxr 12, 18.39; 
 e<lucated in New York; studied law at WattTlown 
 and ailmitted to the bar in Octolier. 18(13; elected 
 prosecuting attorney of Cooper County, ^lo., in 
 Novemlier, 1872, and helii the oHice two years; 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 473 
 
 city attorney of Boonville, Mo., from April, 1877, 
 to April, 187S, aud from Ajiril, 1S79, t(j April, 1881; 
 elected to the P^orty-eitrhth Congres-s as a Demo- 
 crat. 
 
 Cothran, James S., was born in Abbeville 
 County (then district), S. C, August 8, 1830, and 
 entered the university of Georgia at Athens in 
 October, 1850, from whence he graduated in the 
 summer of 1852; studied law and admitted to the 
 bar in 1854; entered the Confederate service as a 
 private at the breaking out of the war; severely 
 wounded at the battle of Second Manassas, Chan- 
 cellorsville, and .Jericho Ford; at the surrender of 
 the Army of Northern Virginia at Appomattox, 
 having attained the rank of captain; resumed the 
 practice of law at Abbeville; elected solicitor of 
 the eighth judicial circuit in 1876 and in 1880; 
 apjiointed to the judgeship of the circuit to fill 
 a vacancy caused by the death of .Judge Thomson 
 in 1881; elected by the legislature to the same 
 office the following winter, and reelected in 1885; 
 elected to the Fiftieth Congress as a Democrat, and 
 reelected to the Fiftv-tirst Congress; died Decem- 
 ber 5, 1897. 
 
 Cottman, Joseph. S., was born in Somerset 
 fVmnty, j\Iil., August 16, 1803; received a liberal 
 education; studied law; admitted to the bar in 
 1826, and commenced practice at Upper Trajipe, 
 Md.; Presidential elector on the Taylor and Fill- 
 more ticket in 1848; elected a l-iepresentative from 
 Maryland to the Thirty-second Congress as an 
 Independent Whig; died at Upiier Trappe, Md., 
 in 1863. 
 
 Cotton, Aylett R., was born at Austintown, 
 Ohio, November 29, 1826; moved with his father 
 to Iowa in 1844; student at Allegheny College, 
 Meadville, Pa., in 1845; taught .school in Fayette 
 County, Tenn., in 1846-47; studied law, and in 
 184S admitteil to the bar; emigrated to California 
 in 1849, and in 1851 returned to Iowa; ci.iunty 
 judge of Clinton County, Iowa, in 1851 and 1853; 
 lirosecuting attorney of the same county in 1854; 
 member of the State constitutional convention of 
 Iowa in 1857; member of the State liouse of rep- 
 resentatives 1868-1870, serving as speaker the last 
 term; elected a Repre.sentative from Iowa to the 
 Forty-second and Forty-tliird Congresses as a 
 Rei)ul:)lican. 
 
 Cottrell, James La Fayette, was elected to the 
 State bouse of representatives of Alabama in 1834, 
 1836, and 1837, and to the State senate in 1838 for 
 three years, serving as president in 1840; elected 
 a Representative from Alabama to the Twenty- 
 ninth Congress (to fill a vacancy caused by the 
 resignation of W. L. Yancey) as a Democrat, and 
 8erve<l from December 7, 1846, to March 3, 1847; 
 nominated on the Cass electoral ticket in 1848, but 
 resigned; moved to Florida, where he took an 
 active part in politics. 
 
 Coulter, Richard, was liorn in Westmoreland 
 County, Pa. ; stuilied law and practiced at Greens- 
 biirg; elected a Representative from Pennsylvania 
 to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, 
 and Twenty-third Congresses; judgeof the supreme 
 court of Pennsylvania; died near Greensburg, Pa., 
 April 21, 1852. 
 
 Cousins, Robert G., of Tipton, Iowa, was 
 Ijorn in Cedar County, Iowa, in 1859; graduated 
 from Cornell College, Mount Vernon, Iowa, in 1 8S1 ; 
 admitted to the bar in 1882, and engaged in tlu; 
 practice of law; elected to the Iowa legislature in 
 188(i; youngest member of that assembly; served 
 on the judiciary and other important conmiittecs, 
 
 and elected by vote of the liouse of representatives 
 as one of the prosecutors for the famous Brown 
 impeachment, which was tried before the senate 
 during 1887; elected prosecuting attorney and also 
 Presidential elector in 1888; elected to the Fifty- 
 third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty- 
 seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Repub- 
 lican. 
 
 Covert, James W. , of Flushing, N. Y., was 
 born at Oyster Bay, N. Y., September 2, 1842; 
 studied law with Hon. James Maurice, at New 
 York City, and with Benjamin W. Downing, esq., 
 at Flushing; admitted to the bar in 1863, ancl 
 practiced at Flushing, Long Island; elected school 
 commissioner of his assembly district in 1867, and 
 held the jjosition three )ears; a<-ted as assistant 
 district attorney of his county; elected surrogate 
 of Queens County for the tenn commencing 1870, 
 and held the position four years; elected to the 
 Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Fifty-first, Fifty-second, 
 anil Fifty-third Congresses as a Democrat; moved 
 to Brooklyn, N. Y., and engaged in the practice 
 of law. 
 
 Covington, George W., of Snow Hill, Md., 
 son of Isaac Covington and Amelia Franklin, was 
 born at Berlin, Worcester County, Md., Septem- 
 Iser 12, 1838; educated at Buckingliam Academy; 
 read law under his uncle, Judge John R. Frank- 
 lin, and attended the law sciiool of Harvard Uni- 
 versity; admitted to the Jjar and practiced; elected 
 member of the constitutional convention of Mary- 
 land from Worcester County in 1867, and served 
 in said body as a member of the judiciary commit- 
 tee; elected to the Forty -seventh and Forty -eighth 
 Congresses as a Democrat; devoted himself to the 
 practice of la«-. 
 
 Covington, Leonard, was born at Aquasco, 
 Md., October 30, 1768; received a liberal educa- 
 tion ; entered the Army as cornet of cavalry, March 
 14, 1792; promoted to a captaincy, and resigned 
 September 12, 1795; engaged in agricultural pur- 
 suits; member of the State house" of representa- 
 ti\'es for several years; elected a Representative 
 from Maryland to the Ninth C'ongress as a Demo- 
 crat; appointed by President Jefferson lieutenant- 
 colonel of light dragoons, January 9, 1809, and 
 colonel February 15, 1809; promoted brigadier- 
 general August l', 1813; fought gallantly: wounded 
 at the battle of Chrystler's field, November 11, 
 1813, and died the next day. 
 
 Covode, John, was born in Westmoreland 
 ( Jounty, Pa., March 17, 1808; educated in the pub- 
 lic schools; engaged in agriculture, manufacturing, 
 and transportation pursuits; largely interested in 
 the coal trade; elected a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Thirty-fourth Congress as an 
 anti-]\iasonic Whig, and to the Thirty-fifth Con- 
 gress as a Republican ; reelected to the Thirty-sixth 
 and Thirty-seventh Congresses. 
 
 Cowan, Edgar, wa,s born in Westmoreland 
 County, Pa., September 19, 1815; graduated from 
 Franklin College, Ohio, 1839; by tui-n a raftsman, 
 boat builder, schoolmaster, and student of medi- 
 cine; studied law and commenced practice at 
 Greensburg; Presidential elector in 1860 on the 
 Lincoln and Hamlin ticket; elected a United States 
 Senator from Pennsylvania as a Republican, serv- 
 ing from July 4, 1861, to JIarch 3, 1867; delegate 
 to the national Union convention at Philadelphia 
 in 1866; appointed minister to Austria in .January, 
 1867, by President Johnson, Init not confirmed by 
 the Senate; died at Greensburg, Pa., August 29, 
 1885. 
 
474 
 
 CONORKSSION AL DIKKCTORY . 
 
 Cowan, JaoobP. , was l>orn at Klinvnoo, I'u., 
 Manli LHI, liS-.'!: innvi'd tn Stcnlu'iivillc, Oliio, in 
 ISM.'i; (Mi^atrt'ii in inaiinfacturiiit; until 1S4,S, wlien 
 luM'oniimMici'd the sUnly of niciliciiie; nmvetl ti> 
 Asliland t'oinity, (Miii>. in lS4li, wliere he I'oin- 
 nicnct'd |iraitiic; •innhiated from Starlinjr Mcilical 
 (.'dllem', Ciilunihus; mcnilHT (if tlic State le;;isla- 
 ture lS."i.>-lS.'i7; ivsunieil tlie ]inn'ti('e of meilicine 
 in l>v")!l; |iresi()ent of the Citizens' Bank, of Ash- 
 lanil, anil a dealer in real et-tate; elected a Kepre- 
 sentative from, Ohio to the Forty-fourth Congress 
 as a Penioerat. 
 
 Cowen, Benjamin Sprague, was born in 
 ■Washin^rton County, N. Y., Septemtier 27, 179S; 
 educated in the eonuuon schools; studied nieili- 
 eine: .served in thewarof ISlUasa private: moved 
 to Jtooretield, (Ihiiv, in 1S20, where he practiced 
 medicine and studied law; admitted to tlie l)ar in 
 1829, and conunenccd practiiv at St. I'lairville, 
 Ohio; edited the Helmont Chroidcle lS:{ti-lH40; 
 delegate to the national W hij; convention which 
 nominated Harrison and Tyler in 1839; elected a 
 Kepresentative from t)hio to the Twenty-seventh 
 Conf;re.s.s as an antislavery Whij;; menilurof the 
 State house of representatives IS-l.'iaml lS4(i; be- 
 came presiilinj; judjieof the court of conunon ideas 
 in 1S47; ilied at St. Clairville, Ohio, Sei)tend>er 27. 
 l.*<t>0. 
 
 Cowen, John K., of I?altiin<ire. Md.. wa.s born 
 Oc-tolier2S, 1S44. at IMillersburir, I lolmes County, 
 Ohio; eilucated in the puhlic schools, at the acad- 
 emy of Kredericksbur;;, and the one at llayesville, 
 Ohio; firaduated from Princeton Collejie, cla.ss of 
 IXtiti; studied at the law school of the .Michig-an 
 University, .\nn Arl)or; adnutted to the bar of 
 Ohio in l,8l)S, and betnin |iractice at Manslield, 
 Ohio, same year; moved to Uallimorc, Md., in 
 February, 1S72, ami practiied law; general coun- 
 sel of the Haltimore and Ohio Kailroail Comjiany; 
 elected to the Fifty-fourth Conj:ress as a l)emocrat; 
 president of tlie Haltimore and Ohio Kailroail 
 (,'oinpany lS9(i-1901; trustee of Princeton Uni- 
 versity. 
 
 Cowgill, Calvin, of Waliash, Ind., wa.s tiorn in 
 Clinton County, Ohio, .lamiary 7, 1819; educated 
 in the common schools and by private teachers; 
 moved with his iiarents to Indiana in ]s.')l>; studied 
 law at Winchester, and moved to Wabash County, 
 Ind., in 184(i, where he enslaved in the jiractice of 
 law; member of the Indiana State Icirislature 
 which convened in bS.Tl, and of the special .se.ssion 
 of bsi).'!; county treasurer from Seplendier '■>, 18.Vi, 
 to .^eptendier .'i, 18."i9; provost-marshal of the 
 eleventh district of Indiana from .lime, 18()2, to 
 CMober, l.Hl).i: elected to the Forty-sixth Conj;re.ss 
 as a Republican; resumed the |>ractice of law at 
 Wabash, Inil.; died February 10, 19(«. 
 
 Cowherd, William Strother, of Kansjis City, 
 was born September 1, l.siiO, in .laikson County, 
 Mo.; educated in the public schools in the town 
 of bees Summit, and at the University of Mis.«ouri; 
 appointed as.sistanl prosecuting attorney of .Jack- 
 son County in l.s,s.'>, and .served four years in that 
 eapaiily: appointed first assistant city counselor of 
 Kansas Cilv in 18510: elected mayor of Kan.sas City 
 in 1.S92: elected to the Fifty-tilth, I'ifty-sixtli, 
 Fifly-.s<>venth, and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a 
 liemocr.it. 
 
 Cowles, Oeorf^e W. , was liorn at < itisco, X. Y. : 
 graduated from llamiltiin College, New York, in 
 ls4.'i; taught school until bS-Vt; studieil law until 
 ls."»4, ami admitteil lo the bar: <dected judge of 
 Wayne County, N. Y., in 18tW, and again in 1867; 
 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Forty-lirst Congress as a Rejmblican. 
 
 Cowles.Henry B., wasbornat Hartford, Conn., 
 March IS, 179.S; moved with his father to lUitchesM 
 County, N. Y., in 1,S(I9; graduated from Inioii 
 College in ISlti; studied law and i-omnienced prac- 
 tice in Putnam County; member of the State house 
 of representatives 18L't>-lSL'S; elected a Representa- 
 tive from New York to the Tweiity-lirst Congreas; 
 moveil to New York City in 18;i4 and jiractii-eil law. 
 
 Cowles, W. H. H., of Wilkesboro, N. ('., was 
 born at llamptonville. N. C., Ajiril 22, 1840; edu- 
 cated at home aiul in the common schools and 
 academies of his native county; entereil the Con- 
 federate service as a private in Captain Cnimpler'a 
 company, alterwards Company .V of the First 
 North Carolina Cavalry, wliich formed a |part of 
 ten regiments of State troops enlisted for the war 
 and for the service of the Confederate States; niaile 
 tii'st lieutenant upon the organi/.ation of the com- 
 pany, and serveii from the spring of 18(il to the 
 close of the war with the Army of Northern Vir- 
 ginia, holding the positions of captain, major, and 
 lieutenaiit-cohiiiel ol his regiment; twice wouiuK'il 
 severely; entered upon the study of lawat "Rich- 
 mond llill." Yadkin County, in 18HH, obtained a 
 county-court license in .lanuary, l.sti7, and that of 
 the superior court in .bmnary, I8(>8; moved to 
 Wilkesboro; reading clerk of the senate of North 
 Carolina in the se.-^ions of 1S72-7;J ami 187:{-74; 
 electiil .solicitor of the tenth judicial district in 
 1874 and served fi>r four years; member of the 
 Democratic State executive cominittee for eight 
 years; elected to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth. Fifty- 
 lirst, and Fifty-second Congresses as a DennK-rat. 
 
 Cox, Isaac Newton, of FUenville, N. Y., was 
 born at Fallshnrg, Sullivan County, X. Y., August 
 1, 184t>; located at F.llenville in his boyhood, where 
 he received an academic eiliuatioii; electeii super- 
 visor 1S7.T and 18S;!-188(), and .served as chairman 
 of the board the last year; chairman of the com- 
 mittee that effected a settlement with the .'^tate by 
 whiih Ulster Countv was relieved of the payment 
 iif $27,000 for back' taxes claimed by tlie'State; 
 serveil four years on the Democratic Statt' mm- 
 mittee; delegate to Democratic conventions. State 
 and local; appointed by President Cleveland chair- 
 man of the commission to make an exandnation 
 of the Northern I'aeilic Railroad in b8.S(>; elected 
 to the Fifty-.-'ecoud Congre.>^s as a Di'uiocnit: en- 
 gaged in the mercantile, lumbering, and Imnkiu); 
 business at FUenville. X. Y. 
 
 Cox, Jacob D., wa.s born at Montreal, Canada, 
 ( Ictober 27, ISL's, his parents l>eiiig natives of the 
 United States: reared in the city of New York; 
 gnidnatiil from Oberlin College in I8.il: studieii 
 law; in IS.V! admitted to the bar, and commencevl 
 practice at Warren, Ohio; member i>f the State 
 senate in b'^.V; entered the Union .\rinv as brigji- 
 dier-genenil of t>hio Volunteers April 2:5. b8(i!,aiul 
 atlaimsl the rank of major-general in Deivml«-r, 
 1864; elected governor of Ohio in October, 186.'i; 
 move<l to Cincinnati ami resumed the practice of 
 law; Secretarx of the Interior in President (ii-ant's 
 lirstCabinet, Nlanh. lS)i!i. to l>ecemU>r. 1870; made 
 ]>resideiit of the Waluish Railroad in 187.'!; eleited 
 a Repre.sentativi' from t lliio to the Fort v-liftli Con- 
 gre-s; dean of the Cincinnati IjjwScliool 1881-1,897; 
 presiileiit of the University of Cincinnati. 
 
 Cox, James ( grandfather of S, S. Cox ), was Ihihi 
 at Monmouth. N..l...biiii' 14. 17.V); eiiucateil in the 
 public scho(ds: commandiNl a comjNiny of militia at 
 the battk-s of Oennantown and of Monmouth and 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 475 
 
 attained the rank of brigadier-general; member of 
 the State assembly for several years, serving one 
 year as speaker; elected a Representative from New 
 Jersey to the Tenth t'cmgress as a JIadison Demo- 
 crat, serving from ^lay 22, 1809, until his death, at 
 Monmouth, September 12, 1810. 
 
 Cox, Iieander M. , was born in Virginia; moved 
 to Flemingsburg, Ky.; captain in the Third Ken- 
 tucky Vukmteers, raised for the ^Mexican war, in 
 1S4V; Presidential elector on the Scott and (iraham 
 ticket in 1852; elected a Representative from Ken- 
 tucky to the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig, and 
 to the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American; de- 
 feated for the Thirty-tifth Congress. 
 
 Cox, Nicholas Nichols, of Franklin, Tenn., 
 was born in Bedford County, Tenn., Jamiary 6, 
 1837; moved with liis parents to tlie fi'ontier of 
 Texas when a small boy; brought up in Seguin, 
 near San Antonio; educated in the common schools; 
 pursued the study of law at the law school of Leb- 
 anon, Tenn., from which institution he graduated 
 in 1858, and licensed to practice at the same time; 
 Confederate colonel, and served during most of the 
 war with tieueral Forrest; located in Franklin, 
 Williamson County, Tenn.; engaged in farming; 
 elector on the Breckinridge and Lane ticket in 
 1860; elector on the Greeley ticket in 1872; Mr. 
 Greeley having died before the college of electors 
 met, cai^t Iiis vote for Hendricks, of Indiana, for 
 President; elected to the Fifty-second, Fifty-third, 
 Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, and Fifty-sixth Congresses 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Cox, Samuel Sullivan, was born at Zanesville, 
 Ohio, September 30, 1824; attended Ohio Univer- 
 sity, Athens; graduated from Brown University, 
 Providence, class of 1846; studied and practiced 
 law; owner and editor of the Columbus (Ohio) 
 Statesman 1853-54; appointed secretary of legation 
 to Peru in 1855; delegate to the Chicago and the 
 New York Democratic national conventions of 1864 
 andl86S; authorof several works and contributorto 
 the press and periodicals; elected from the Colum- 
 bus ( Ohio) district to the Thirty-tifth, Thirty-sixth, 
 Thirty-seventh, and Thirty-eighth Congresses; 
 moved to New York City March 4, 1865; elected 
 to the Forty-first Congress; reelected to the Forty- 
 second Congress, and candidate of the Democrats 
 and Lil^eral Republicans for Representati\-e at 
 large to the Forty-third Congress, and defeated by 
 Lyman Ti-emain; subsequently reelected to the 
 Forty-third Congress (to succeed James Brooks, j 
 deceased >; reelected to the Forty-fourth Congress; 
 appointed Speaker pro tempore of the HouseJune '' 
 7, 1876, and elected Speaker ]iro temjiore June 19, 
 1876, serving mitil he vacated the otlice, June 24, 
 1876; reelected to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth 
 Congresses as a Tammany Democrat; reelected to 
 the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congre.sses; | 
 elected to the Forty-ninth Congress to fill the i 
 vacancy caused by the resignation of Hon. Joseiili '. 
 Pulitzer, and took his seat December 6, 1886; re- 
 elected to the Fiftieth and Fifty-fii-st Congresses 
 as a Democrat; died September 10, 1889, at New 
 Y7)rk City. 
 
 Cox, "William Bxiffin, of Raleigh, X. C, was 
 born at Scotland Neck, N. C. ; moved to Tennessee; 
 entered Franklin College, near Nashville, where 
 he graduated; .student at Lebanon Law School; 
 received degree of bachelor of laws; practiced in 
 Nashville, Tenn.; returned to his native State; en- 
 gaged in planting in Edgecombe County; early in 
 the war entered the Confederate States army as 
 major of the Second North Carolina State Trobjjs; 
 became brigadier-general, and commanded his di- 
 
 vision in the last charge at Appomattox; resumed 
 practice of law at Raleigh ; elected solicitor of the 
 Metropolitan ilistrict, and held the otfice for six 
 years; appointed judge fif the superior court for 
 the same district, and heldtlie otiice until near the 
 expiration of his term, when he resigned; trustee 
 of the University of the South ; delegate to national 
 Democratic convention wliich met in New Y'ork; 
 delegate to the St. Louis Democratic convention, 
 but declined the honor; several years chairman of 
 the State Democratic committee; elected to the 
 Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth 
 Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Coxe, Tench, was born at Philadelphia May 22, 
 1755; received a liberal education; engaged in 
 mercantile pursuits; commissioner to the Federal 
 convention at Annapolis in 1786; delegate to the 
 Continental Congress in 1788; Assistant Secretary 
 of the Treasury in 1790; re\'enue commissioner in 
 1792; purvevor of the public supplies 1803 to 1812; 
 died at Philadelphia July 17, 1824. 
 
 Coxe, William, was born at Burlington, N. J.; 
 mendjer of the State house of re]ires_entatives, 
 serving as speaker for one year; elected'a Repre- 
 sentative from New Jersey "to the Thirteenth Con- 
 gress as a Federalist; died at Burlington, N. J. 
 
 Crabb, Georg-e "W. , was born in Tennessee and 
 educated in the public schools; moved to Tusca- 
 loosa, Ala. ; elected assistant secretary of the State 
 senate and subsequently conqitroU'er of public 
 accounts; served in the Florida Indian war as 
 lieutenant-colonel of the Alabama Volunteers; 
 member of the State senate of Alabama and major- 
 general of militia; elected a Representative to the 
 Twenty-fifth Congress (to fill a vacancy caused by 
 the death of Joab Lawler) as a Whig; "reelected to 
 the Twenty-sixth Congress, serving from Septem- 
 ber 4, 1837, to March 3, 1841; defeated for the 
 Twenty-seventh Congress; appomted judge of the 
 county court of ^Mobile in 1846; died at Philadel- 
 phia, Pa., in 1847. 
 
 Crabb, Jeremiah., was born in Maryland and 
 elected a Representative from that State to the 
 Fourth Congress, serving from December 7, 1795, 
 to 1796, when he resigned. 
 
 Cradlebaug-h, John, was born in Ohio; moved 
 to Carson City, Nev. ; elected a Delegate from 
 Nevada Territo"ry to tlie Thirty-sevcnth"^Congress; 
 appointed United States district judge for the 
 district of Utah. 
 
 Crafts, Samuel Chandler, was born at U'ood- 
 stock, Conn., October 6, 1768; graduated from 
 Harvard College in 1790; moved to Vennont with 
 his father, who founded the town of Craftsburv, of 
 which he was town clerk 1792-1829; youngest 
 delegate to the 'S'ermont constitutional convention 
 of 1793; member of the State house of representa- 
 tives in 1796, 1800, 1801, 1803, and 1805. and clerk 
 of the house 1798-99; registerof jirolmte 1796-1815; 
 judge of the Orleans County court 1800-1816 and 
 1825-1828; elected a Representative from Vermont 
 to the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and 
 Eighteenth Congresses; governor of Vermont 
 1829-1832; member of the Vermont constitutional 
 convention of 1829, servingaspresident; appointed 
 by the governor of Vermont and subsequently 
 elected to the United States Senate to fill tlR^ 
 vacancy caused by the resignation of Satnuel 
 Prentiss, serving from April 30, 1842, until JMarch 
 3, 1843; died at Craftsbury, Vt., November 19, 
 1853. 
 
 Cragin, Aaron H., was born at Weston, Vt., 
 February 1, 1821; received a liberal education; 
 
47(1 
 
 CONGKKSSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 Btuiliod law, and in 1847 adniitU'd In the bar; 
 coininoncod practifp at Lelianon, N. H.; im>inlior 
 of llic Slatf liiiiisc III ri'pri'st'iitativi'H 1 K.")2- 1 ^55 ; 
 elcctiil a Hi'piVM'ntalive I'nim New llani|isliin' tu 
 llu' Tliirty-luinth Coniircssasan Aincriraii, ami t<i 
 tlu'Tliirly-liftli Coiifirfssasa Ki'imlilican; icstiiiit'il 
 till' i)ractice of law; elivti-d a Initcd States Sena- 
 tnr as' a KeiHihliran to ciUTi't'd Julm I'. Ilalt>, Ki'- 
 jmlilii'an, and roi'li'cted, ficiviii<r from March 4, 
 IS(15, to March '.i, 1877; appointed hy President 
 1 hives one of the conniiissioners for the sale of the 
 Hot Sprinpi of Arkansas. 
 
 Craig-, Alexander Kerr, '4 Clavsville, I'a., was 
 born ill liiiffaln Townshi]), \Vasliinj,'ton County, 
 Pa., I'eliniary L'l, ISliS; of 8ct)tch-irish descent; 
 educated in the connnon schools; commenced 
 teacliiiifT school at 17 years of a;;e, and continued 
 to teacli winters (workini; on tlie farm siniiniers) 
 until ISS.'i; devote<l himself t'xclusively to a-rricul- 
 ture; enlisted February, ISti."), in the Eij^hty- 
 geventh Pennsylvania Infantry; ]iartici]iated in 
 the closing scenes of the Avar of the rebellion, and 
 iire.seiit at the surrender at .\ppomattox; always a 
 l)emocratin jioliticsanda Presiiyteiian in religion; 
 school directoraiid justii-eof the peace; nominated 
 as a Democrat to the Kifty-.second Congress, and 
 after a contest was seated Februarv '2i>, ISK; died 
 July L'i), 1S02. 
 
 Craig, George H., of 8elnia, Ala., was liorn at 
 Cahaba, Dallas County, Ala., December 2."), 184."); 
 educated at Cahaba Academy and the University 
 of Alabama; entered the Confederate armv, at the 
 age of ll> years, as a private in Colonel ]<yrd'8 
 regiment, Alal)aiiia Volunteers, at .Alobile; at ex- 
 jiiratiou of term of service entered tlie I'niversity 
 of Alabama as a cadet: promoted to first lieutenant 
 of infantry, and in 18(5o again entered the Confed- 
 erate service; served until the end of the war, and 
 surrendered at Meridian, Miss., in May, 1865; 
 studied law at Selma, Ala., and admitted to prac- 
 tice in December, lst!7; eleited solicitor of Dallas 
 Countvin 18()8; ainiointed liv the goveriicir sheriff 
 of Dallas County in .March, "l.siill; elected by Ke- 
 |iiiblicaiis as judge of the criminal court of Dallas 
 County in JIarch, 1S70, lor term of six years; 
 appointed by the governor of Alabama, in .Inly, 
 1N74, judge of the first judicial circuit to Jill an 
 miex|iiied term; elected on the Kepublican ticket, 
 November 4, 1S74, judge of the first judicial circuit 
 for six years; retire<l to practice in Selma; elected 
 to the Forty-eighth Congre.ss by a majority of 
 12,000 votes; "<'onnteil out," and the certificate 
 given Charles M. Shelley; contested the seat suc- 
 cessfully, and was seated on .January 'J, 1885; 
 resunie<l the practice of law. 
 
 Craig, Hector, was liorn in Orange County. 
 N. Y.; elected a Kepre.sentative from New York 
 to the Kightteiith Congress as a .lacksoii Deiiio- 
 <-rat; again elected to the Tweiity-lii-st Congress, 
 serving from December 7, ISL'it, to July IL', 18X0, 
 when he resigned. 
 
 Craig, James, was lxirn in Pennsylvania, May 
 7, l.'^L'O; studied law and moved to. '<t. Joseph, .Mo., 
 wliere hecommenced practice; captain of a vohin- 
 teiT company in the >lexiian war; State attorney 
 for the twelfth judicial circuit 1.'<.'>2-1.S.'>(); member 
 of the Missouri legislature 1,S4(>— 17; electeil a I{ep- 
 re.sentative from >Ii.ssouri to the Thirty-fifth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat, and reelected to the Thirty- 
 sixth Congress; on March 21, 18(V2, commissioned 
 brigadier-general of volunteers bv President I.iii- 
 coln; the lirst |iiesident of the llaniiibal and St. 
 Joseph Hailroad and the lirst comptroller of the 
 
 city of St. Joseph; negotiated tlie Piatt purchase 
 which comprised all of northwest Missouri; <lie<l 
 at SI. Joseph, Mo., October 21, 1888. 
 
 Craig, Kobert, was born in Virginia; elected a 
 Kepresentalive from Virginia to the Twenty-first 
 Congrt'.-s as a Demoi-rat; reelectid to the Tweiity- 
 seconil Congress; defeated for the Twenty-third 
 Congress; elected to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty- 
 fifth, and Twenty-sixth Congres.ues. 
 
 Craig, Samuel Alfred, of Prookvllle, Pa., was 
 born at IJiookville, ,leffe|-son County, Pa., Novem- 
 ber 111, IS.'W; received his education in the com- 
 mon schools of his native town an<l at Jefferson 
 College, Canoiishurg, Pa.; learned the printer's 
 trade and taught school; enlisted as a private 
 April 19, 1801; i>romoted to second lieutenant, 
 first lieutenant, ami ca|itain Company B, One 
 hundred and fifth Pennsylvania \'ohmteers; shot 
 through the head, right leg, and right arm; coni- 
 mi.ssiomil (aptain in the \ eteran Ke.serve Corps, 
 r. S. .\riiiy, and served coiitimioiisly four years 
 and three month.;; studied law, admilteil to prac- 
 ticein 187ti,aud jimcticed; elected di.striirt attorney; 
 elected to the F'ifty-fii-st Congress as a Republican; 
 resumed the practice of law. 
 
 Craige, Burton, was born in Kowan County, 
 N. C, March ]:;, ISII; graduated from the Univer- 
 sity of North Carolina in 182!l; studied law and 
 commenced practice at Salisbury; member of the 
 house of commons of North Carolina, l.'^:!2 and 
 1834; elected a Keiire.sentative from North Caro- 
 lina to the Thirty-third, Thirly-fouith, Thirty- 
 fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses as a Democrat, 
 serving from December .">, 18.'S3, until IStil, when 
 he resigmd; delegate to the convention which dis- 
 solveil the union lietween North Carolina and the 
 other States; delegate to the Provisional Con- 
 gress of the Confederate .States which met at Kich- 
 inond in July, IStil ; retired to j>rivate life and died 
 at Salisbury, N. ('., Deceml>er 2!i, ]S7'^. 
 
 Craik, William, was born near Port Tobacco, 
 Md., received a liberal e<lucation; studied law and 
 ])racticed; elected a Reiuesentative from Maryland 
 to the Fourth Congress in place of Jeremiah Crabb, 
 resigned; reelected to the Fifth and Sixth Con- 
 gresses; ap)iointed a judge of the United Stat«'S 
 district court and siibsei|uently chief justice of the 
 fifth judiiial district of Maryland. 
 
 Crain, William H. , of Cuero, Tex., was born at 
 (ialvestou, Tex.. November 2.'>, 1848; graduate*! 
 from St. I'raniis Xavier's College, New York Citv, 
 Jnlv 1, 1867, and received the ilegree of A. yi.; 
 studieii law in theotlice of Stockdale & Proctor, 
 Indiaiiola, and adniitte<l to practice in Februarv, 
 1S71 ; luacticeii law ; elected a State senatorin Fel)- 
 ruarv, 187i>; electeil district attorney of the twenty- 
 third juilicial district of Texas in November, 1S72; 
 elected to the Forty-ninth, Fifti.th. Fifty-tirst, 
 Fifty-secoml, Fifty-thinl, and Fifty-fourth Con- 
 grcss<'S as a Democrat; died February 10, 18!>ti, at 
 Washington, D. C. 
 
 Cramer, John, wa.s born at Waterfonl, N. Y., 
 September 2ii, 17711; Presidential elector on the 
 Jefferson and Clinton ticket in 180.5; served in the 
 ."^tate liouse of repre.sentativi's in 180H and 1811; 
 State senator 182:t-182."i; delegate to the .'^tate con- 
 stitutional iduventioii in 1821; electeil a K>'pre- 
 sentative from New York to the Twenty-third 
 Congress as a Jackson Deinocnit, and reelected to 
 the Tweiitv-fourth Congress; died at Waterford, 
 N. Y., June 1. 1870. 
 
 Crane, Joseph H., was l>orn at F^lizabethtown, 
 N. J., ill 1782; stuiliol law and practiced; inovol 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 477 
 
 to Dayton, Ohio; judge of the court of common 
 pleas; elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
 Twenty-first Congress as a Whig, and reelected to 
 the Twenty-second, Twenty-third, and Twenty- 
 fourth Congresses; died at Davton, Ohio, Novem- 
 ber 12, 1832. 
 
 Crane, Stephen, was born in New .Jersey; Dele- 
 gate from that State to the Continental Congress 
 1774-1 77(i. 
 
 Cranford, John "Walter, of Sulphur Springs, 
 Tex., was born near Grovehill, Clarke County, 
 Ala., about 1862; educated in the best high schools 
 of Alaliania, and finished his education under a 
 jjrivate tutor; moved to Texas; studied law under 
 Judge J. K. ^lilam and Sam J. Hunter; admitted 
 to the Ijar and l.iecame a niendier of the law firm 
 of Hunter, Putman & Cranford; elected to the 
 State senate in 1888 for a term of four years and 
 reelected in 1892; chairman of judiciary committee 
 No. 1 ; elected president jaro tempore of the twenty- 
 second senate; elected to the Fifty-fifth Congress 
 as a Democrat; died March 2, 1899. 
 
 Cranston, Henry Y. ,"was born at Newport, 
 R. I., October 9, 1789; educated in the public 
 schools; worked at a trade and clerked when 
 young; studied law; in 1809 admitted to the Ijar, 
 and commenced practice at Newport; clerk of the 
 court of common pleas 1818-1833; delegate to the 
 State constitutional convention; member of the 
 State house of representatives 1827-1843; elected 
 a Representative from Rhode Island to the Twenty- 
 eighth Congress as a ^\'hig, and reelected to the 
 Twenty-ninth Congress; again a member of the 
 State house of representatives, serving three years 
 as speaker; retired from public life in 18.54; died 
 at Newport, R. I., February 12, 1864. 
 
 Cranston, Robert B., was born at Newport, 
 R. I., in 1791; educated in the public schools; 
 employed in the collection of internal revenue; 
 sheriff of Newport County; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Rhode Island to the Twenty-tifth Con- 
 gress as a Whig, and reelected to the Twenty-sixth 
 and Twenty-seventh Congresses; cashier of the 
 Newport Exchange Bank; postmaster of Newport, 
 and cashier of the Newport Traders' Bank; mem- 
 ber of the State senate and house of representa- 
 tives for several years, serving one year as sjieaker 
 of the house; again elected to the Thirtieth Con- 
 gress as a Law and Order Whig; bequeathed 
 $75,000 to the poor jieople in Newport; died at 
 Newport, R. I., January 27, 1873. 
 
 Crape, ■William Wallace, of New Bedford, 
 Mass., was born at Dartmouth, Mass., IMay 16, 
 1830; educated in the public schools of New Bed- 
 ford, at Phillips Academy, Andover, and graduated 
 from Yale College in 18.52; studied law at Dane 
 Law School, Cambridge, admitted to the bar, and 
 practiced; member of the State legislature in 1857; 
 elected to the Forty-fourth Congress (to fill the 
 vacancy caused by tlie death of Hon. James Buff- 
 inton); reelected to the F(jrty-fifth, Forty-sixth, 
 and Forty-seventh Congresses as a Republican; 
 returned to New Bedford, Mass., and engaged in 
 banking and manufacturing. 
 
 Crary, Isaac E., was born at Pre.ston. Conn.; 
 educated in the public schools; studied law and 
 commenced practice at ^Marshall, Mich.; electeil 
 a Delegate from !\Iichigan and subsequently a Rep- 
 resentative to the Twenty-fourth Congress as a 
 Democrat, and reelected to the Twenty-fifth and 
 Twentv-sixth Congresses, serving from Januarv 
 27, 1837, to March 3, 1841; died at Marshall, Mich,', 
 Mav 8, 1854. 
 
 Cravens, James A., was born in Rockingham 
 County, Va., November 4, 1818; moved with his 
 father to Indiana in 1820; educated in the public 
 schools; engaged in farming and stock raising; 
 served in the war with Mexico as major of the 
 Second Indiana Volunteers from June, 1846, to 
 1847; member of the State house of reiiresenta- 
 tives 1848-49, and of the State senate 1850-1853; 
 commissioned brigadier-general of militia in 1854; 
 elected a Representatixe from Indiana to the 
 Thirty-seventh and Thirty-eighth Congresses as a 
 Democrat; delegate to the national Union conven- 
 tion at Philadelphia in 1866, and to the national 
 Democratic convention at New York in 1868. 
 
 Cravens, James H., was born in Rockingham 
 County, _Va., in 1798; moved to Indiana and 
 engaged in agricultural pursuits; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Indiana to the Twenty-seventh 
 Congress, ser\'ing from May 31, 1841, to'March 3, 
 1843; defeated as the Free Soil candidate for gov- 
 ernor; colonel of a regiment of Indiana \-olunteers 
 in the war for the suppression of the rebellion. 
 
 Cravens, Jordan E., of Clarksville, Ark., was 
 born at Fredericktown, Madison County, jNIo., 
 November 7, 1830; his father moved to Arkansas 
 the following year; received a common school 
 education; studied law, and admitted to the bar 
 in 1854, and afterwards practiced; member of the 
 State house of representatives in 1860; entered the 
 Confederate army in 1861 as a private, promoted 
 to colonel in 1862, and continued in the .service 
 until the close of the war; member of the State 
 senate in 1866; Presidential elector on the Greeley 
 ticket in 1872; elected a Representative from 
 Arkansas to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and 
 Forty-seventh Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Crawford, George "W. , was born in Columbia 
 County, Oa., December 22, 1798; graduated from 
 Princeton College in 1820; studied law, and in 1822 
 commenced practice at Augusta, Ga.; attorney- 
 general of the State of Georgia 1827-1831 ; member 
 of the State house of representatives 1837-1842; 
 elected a Representative from Georgia to the 
 Twenty-seventh Congress to fill the vacancy caused 
 by the death of Richard A\'. Haliershain, as a 
 Whig, serving from Feliruary 1, 1843, to March 3, 
 1843; elected governor of Georgia in 1843 and 
 reelected in 1845; appointeil by President Taylor 
 Secretary of \\'ar, serving from March 7, 1849, to 
 August 15, 1850. 
 
 Crawford, Joel, was born in Columbia County, 
 Ga., June 15, 1783; received a liberal education; 
 studied law at the Litchfield Law School, and in 
 1808 commenced practice at Sparta, but soon 
 moved to Milledgeville; .served in the war against 
 the Creek Indians as second lieutenant and aid- 
 de-camp to Brigadier-General Floyd 1813-14; 
 resumed the practice of law at JNIilledgeville; mem- 
 ber of the State house of representatives 1814-1817; 
 elected a Representative from tleorgia to the 
 Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat, and reelected 
 to the Sixteenth Congress; member of the State 
 legislature for several years; appointed a commis- 
 sioner to run the boundary line between Alabama 
 and Georgia in 1826; elected in 1837 a State com- 
 missioner to locate and construct the Western and 
 Atlantic Railroad; died in Earlv Countv, Ga., 
 April 5, 18.58. 
 
 Crawford, Martin J., was liorn in Jasper 
 County, Ga., !\Iarch 17, 1820; educated at Mercer 
 University; studied law; admitted to the bar 
 in 1839, and commenced practice, but the <leath 
 i>f his father forced him to devote himself to 
 
478 
 
 roNGRKSSIONAL 1)IRK(T(»RY, 
 
 ]>laiiting: inenilior of tlic Sliito Ikhiw of rt'iui'- 
 sciitativt's 1S-J.'>-1S47: i'lirto<l dok'cate to tlin 
 Poiitliorii nmvciitioii at Nashvilk' in May, IS50; 
 jiuljio of the superior courts of tlic I'liattahooclu'e i 
 ••iri'iiit lS'):i-lS.")r>: rltHttMl a licpri'scntativf from 
 Georgia to tlie Thirty-fourth ( 'oii^r<-ss as a Dcino- 
 crat, ami roelecti'il to the Thirty-tiftli and 
 Thirty-sixtli Cormrosscs, scrviiif; from Itcremhcr 
 S, IS.")"), to .January :.'.'{, I.stil, whi-ii ho retired 
 from the House; eleeleil to the Confederate 
 Provisional Conjiresf, servin;; from .lanuary, 
 18til, to Fehriiary 22, lK(i2; a]«i)ointed hy Presi- 
 dent Davis a sjiecial conunissioner to the (iov- 
 ermnent of the I'nited t^tates at \Vasliin<iton; 
 raised theThii(Kteorj;ia t'avalry Regiment in May, 
 18112; served with it one year, and then jOaccd on 
 the staff with Maj. (ien. Howell (^olih, on whieh 
 he served luitil the elose of tlie war; inSipti mher, 
 187">, aiii>ointed judge of the superior court of the 
 Chattalioochee circuit to till a vacancy caused hy 
 the resignation of .ludge .lames Johnson, and 
 reappointe<l in 1S77 for eiglit years.' 
 
 Crawford, Thotaas Hartley, was horn at 
 C'hainhersburi.', Pa., Xoveinher 14, 17.SK; grad- 
 uated from Princeton College in IStVt; studied 
 law, and in \!<07 commenced jiractice at Cham- 
 iH'rshurg; electeit a Representative from Pennsyl- 
 vania to the Twenty-tirst Congress as a .lackson 
 Democrat, and reelecte<l to the Twenty-second 
 Congress; inemlier of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives in IS.'i.'!; aiipointe<l a connnissiotier to 
 investigate alleged frauds in the sale of thi' Creek 
 Reservation in l.'^.'itl; appointed by President Van 
 Buren Commissioner of Inilian Affairs, serving 
 from ( )ctol)er 22, 1S.S8, to October .SO, 184,'>; aiipoint- 
 eil by President Polk jndgo of the criminal court 
 of the District of Columbia in 184.5, serving until 
 his death, at Washington, D. C, January 27, 1863. 
 
 Crawford, William, was born at Paisley, .''cot- 
 lanil, in 17l)(l; received a lilieral education; studied 
 meiliiine at the I'niversity of Kdinburgh, and in 
 1791 received his degree; emigrated to the I'nited 
 States and settle<l near Gettysbui-g; inirch;used a 
 farm on Marsh Creek in 17i•.^, where lie spent the 
 rest of his life l>racticing medicine; as.sociate judge 
 for Adams County; elected a Kepresentative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Eleventh, Twelfth, Thir- 
 teenth, and Fourteenth Congresses a.s a Democrat; 
 died in 1823. 
 
 Crawford, William Harris, was born in 
 Amherst Coimty, A'a., Fel)ruary 24. 1772: moveil 
 with his father to (icorgia in \7s:\: studied law 
 anil commenced practiie at Lexington: appointed 
 to jtrepare a digest of the laws of (ieorgia in 17il!t; 
 member of the State house of representative.s 
 1803-1807; elected a Cnited State,s Senator from 
 (ieorgia in jilace of Abraham Baldwin, deceased, 
 Herving from l)c<i'inber it, 1.S07, to March .'!, 1813; 
 cli'cted President jiro tempore of the Senate March 
 24, 1812; declined the position of Secretary of War 
 offered him by President Madison, and aci-epte<l 
 the mission to Pranie, serving from April 3, 1813, 
 to Ai>ril 22, 181."); returneil home to act as agent 
 for the sale of the land donate<l by ( 'ongress to 
 Iji Fayette; accepted the position as Secretary of 
 War August 1, I8I.1, and transferred to the Treas- 
 \iry Oi-|ober 22, 181(), serving until March 7, 182.'>; 
 defeated as the Democniticcandiilatefor President 
 in l.'<2.'); on account of illness ileclineil the re<iuest 
 cif President J. li. Adams that he remain .Secretary 
 of theTreasury; returned to( Ieorgia and ai>pointed 
 judu'e of the ni>rthern ciriMiit court in \S'27, which 
 position he held imtil his death, at Kll)erton. (ia., 
 Septeinlxr 15, 1834. 
 
 Crawford, William Thomas, of Waynesville, 
 N. C., was born in Haywood County, X. ('., June 
 1, 18."it>: educate<l in the connnon schools and at 
 Wayne.sville Academy: taught school and engaged 
 it) mercantile business; elected to the.'^tate legis- 
 lature in 1884 an<l in 188ti; Democratic elector in 
 18,S8: engrossing clerk of the .'^tate house of repre- 
 .sentatives in l.SSil; pursueil the study of law at the 
 State I'niversity of North Carolina, l,s,s<i-<i(l, and 
 obtained license to practice in Jamiarv, I8H1; 
 elected to the Fifty-si^cond and Fifty-third Con- 
 gres.<esasa Democrat; claimed to havi- la-en eleited 
 to the Fiftv-sixth Ciuigress, but the Hou.'^eon Mav 
 10, 190t), decided that he was not entitled to the 
 seat, and gave it to Richmond Pearson, the Repub- 
 lican candidate. 
 
 Creamer, Thomas J., of New York, N. Y., 
 was born May 2ii. 1843. near (iaradice Lake, Ire- 
 land; his gramlfather .'^erved in a New York R'gi- 
 ment in the Rexolntion; lawyer; serveil ten years 
 in the State legislature, and as city tax commis- 
 sioner for live years: acteil as conn.-el for State 
 commissions to revi.se the tax laws; elei-teil to the 
 Forty-third (^mgress as a Democrat; a delegate to 
 three Democratic national conventions; elected to 
 the Fifty-seventh Congre.ss. 
 
 Crebs, John M., was born at Mii'dleburg. Lou- 
 doim Coimty, Va., April 9, 18:{0; moved with his 
 j>arents in l.'^37 to Illinois, where he worked on a 
 farm; eilui'ated in the public schools; studied law; 
 in 1S.")2 admitted to the bar; commenceil practice 
 in WhiteCounty, 111.: entered the I'nion Army as 
 lieutenant-colonel in 18()2: took part in the Mis.sis- 
 sippi, Vicksburg, and Arkansas campaigns: com- 
 manded a brigade of cavalry in the Department of 
 thetiulf, and after the close of the war resumed 
 law practice; elected a Representative from Illinois 
 to the Forty-lirst Congress as a Democrat, and 
 reelected to the Fortv-second Congress; died at 
 Mount Cartnel, 111., June 26, 1890. 
 
 Creighton, William, jr. , was born in P.erkeley 
 County, Va., October 29, 1778; graduated from 
 Dickinson College: stuilied law, and in 179S a<l- 
 mitteil to the bar; connnenced iiractice at Chilli- 
 cothe, Ohio; secretary of state of Ohio in 1803; 
 elected to the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat; 
 reelected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from 
 May 24, 1813, until Manh 3, 1817; elected to the 
 Twentieth, Twenty-tirst. :uul Twenty-second Con- 
 gresses; appointed a judge of the United States 
 court for the district of Ohio; died at Chillicothe, 
 Ohio. Oct(.l)cr 8. 18.')1. 
 
 Crisfield, John W. . was boni in Kent County, 
 Mil.. November t>. 1.808; educated at Wit«hington 
 College, Chestertown; studied law; in ls:50 ad- 
 mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in 
 Somerset County, Md.: member of the State legis- 
 lature in ls3ti: elected a Repre.-ientative from Mary- 
 land to the Thirteenth Congress as a Whig; dele- 
 g-ate to the State constitutional I'onventiou in l.'^-'iO; 
 delegate tothe peace conference in l.siil: elected to 
 the Thirtv-seventh Congn'ss as a I'nion Reimb- 
 lican; defl'atcd for reelection to the Thirty-eighth 
 Congress: d. legale to the luitionat Union conven- 
 tion at Philadelphia in l.stili. 
 
 Crisp, Charles Frederick, of Ainericus, Ga., 
 wius born on the 29th of January, 184.5, at Shettielil, 
 F.ngland: brought to this country the year of his 
 birth: receiveil a common school i>ducation at 
 Savannah and Macon, Ga.; entertil the Confeil- 
 enitearmv in May, l.>«il; lieutenant in Com|«uiy 
 K, Teiith'Virginia Infantry, and serveil with that 
 regimeul until the 12th of May, IStH, when he 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 479 
 
 became a prisoner of war; upon liis release from 
 Fort Delaware, in June, 1885, joined his parents at 
 Ellaville, Schley County, Ga.; read law at Ameri- 
 cus, and admitted to the liar there in 18(i6; began 
 the practice of law at Ellaville, (ia. ; appointed 
 solicitor-sreneral of the southwestern judicial cir- 
 cuit in 1872, and reappointed in 1873 for a term of 
 four years; appointed judge of the superior court 
 of the same circuit in June, 1877; elected by the 
 general assembly to the same office in 1878; re- 
 elected judge for a term of four years in 1880; re- 
 signed that oftice in Septendjer, 1882, to accept 
 Denioi'ratic nomination fur Congress; permanent 
 president of the Democratic convention which 
 assenililed at Atlanta in April, 1883, to nominate 
 a candidate for governor; elected to the Forty- 
 eighth Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the 
 Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty-first, Fifty-second, 
 Fifty-third, an<l Fifty-fourth Congresses; elected 
 Speaker of the House of Representatives in the 
 Fifty-second and Fiftv-third Congresses; died 
 October 26, 1890. 
 
 Crisp, Charles R., of Americus, Ga., was born 
 at Kllaville, Schley County, Ga., October 19, 1870; 
 law yer 1\\' jirofession, being the juniipr member of 
 tlie firm of Hooper & Crisp; elected to the Fifty- 
 fourth Congress as a Democrat, without opposition, 
 to fill the vacancy caused by the death of his father, 
 Hon. Charles F. Crisp; after expiration of his term 
 in Congress resumed the practice of law at Ameri- 
 cus, and afterwards became judge of the county 
 court of Sumter Count)'. 
 
 Crist, Henry, was born in Virginia in 1764; 
 moved with his father to I'ennsylvania, where he 
 was educated in tlie public schools; moved to Bid- 
 litt County, Ky., in 1788, and engaged in the manu- 
 facture of salt; niendjer of the State house of repre- 
 .sentatives of Kentucky in 179.5, and of the State 
 senate 1800-1804; elected a Representative from 
 Kentucky to the ICIeventh Congress; died in Bullitt 
 County, ky., in 1844. 
 
 Critch.er, Jolin, was born in ^\'estmoreland 
 County, Va., ]\Iarch 11, 1820; graduated from the 
 University of Virginia in 1839; studied at the Uni- 
 versity of France for three years; studied law and 
 practiced; elected to the State senate of Virginia 
 and to the State convention of 1861; lieutenant- 
 colonel of cavalry in the Confederate arm}'; ap- 
 pointed judge of the eighth judicial circuit of Vir- 
 ginia, but removed by the thirty-day resolution of 
 Congress; elected a Representative from Virginia 
 to the Forty-second Congress as a Conservative. 
 
 Crittenden, John J., was born in Woodford 
 County, Ky.. Sejitember 10, 1787; received a lib- 
 eral education; served in tlie war of 1812 as aid 
 to Governor Shelby; studied law and practiced at 
 Frankfort. Ky. ; member of the State house of rep- 
 resentatives in 1816; United States Senator from 
 Kentucky, serving from December 1, 1817, to 
 March 3, 1819; served several years in the State 
 house of representatives; again "United States Sen- 
 ator, serving from December 7, 183.5, to March 3, 
 1841; appointed Attorney-General of the United 
 States by President Harrison, serving from March 
 5, 1841, to September 13, 1841; again United States 
 Senator, serving from ^larch 31, 1842, until 1848, 
 when he resigned; elected governor of Kentucky 
 1848-18.50; again appointed Attorney-General bv 
 Pre.sident Fillmore, serving from July 20, 18.50, to 
 March 3, 1853; again United States Senator, serv- 
 ing from December 3, 1855, to March 3, 1861; 
 elected a Representative from Kentucky to the 
 Thirtv-seventh Congress as a Unionist;" died at 
 Frankfort, Ky., July 26, 1863. 
 
 Crittenden, Thomas T., was born in Shelby 
 County, Ky., January 2, 1834; graduated from Cen- 
 tre College, Danville, Ky., in April, 18.55; studied 
 law at Frankfort; afterwards i>racticed at ^N'arrens- 
 burg. Mo.; appointed attorney-general of Missouri 
 in 1864 tp fill out the unexpired term of Ackmen 
 Welsh, deceased; elected a Representative from 
 ^Missouri to the Forty-third Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; again elected to the Forty-fifth Congress; 
 governor of Jlissouri 1881-1885; appointed consul- 
 general to ^Mexico April 5, 1893. 
 
 Crocheron, Henry, was a resident of Rich- 
 mond Count)-, X. Y.; elected a Representative 
 from that State to the Fourteenth Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Crocheron, Jacob, was elected a Representa- 
 tive from New York to the Twenty-first Congress 
 as a Jackson Democrat; Presidential elector on 
 the Van Buren and Johnson ticket in 1837. 
 
 Crocker, Alvah. was born at Leominster, Mass., 
 October 14, 1801; proprietor of paper manufac- 
 tories at Fitchburg; president of the Boston and 
 Fitchliurg Railroad; commissioner of the Hoosac 
 Tunnel; member of the State house of represent- 
 atives in 1836, 1842, and 1843; member of the 
 State senate for two terms; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Massacluisetts to the Forty-second Con- 
 gress as a Republican to fill the vacancy caused 
 by the resignation of William B. Washburn; re- 
 elected to the Forty-third Congress, serving until 
 his death, at Fitchburg, IMass., December 26, 1874. 
 
 Crocker, Samuel L., was Viorn at Taunton, 
 Mass., March 31, 1804; graduated from Brown 
 University in 1822; engaged in manufacturing; 
 member of the executive council of Massachusetts 
 in 1849; elected a Representative from Massa- 
 chusetts to the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig; 
 died at Boston, ilass., February 10, 1883. 
 
 Crockett, David (father of John W. Crockett), 
 was born in (in-cne County, Tenn., August 17, 
 1786; commanded a battalion of mounted riflemen 
 under General Jackson in the Creek campaign 
 1813-14; member of the State legislature; elected 
 a Representative from Tennessee to the Twentieth 
 Congressas a Whig, and reelected to t hcT wenty-first 
 Congre.ss; defeated for reelection; again elected to 
 the Twenty-third Congress; went to Texas to aid 
 in the struggle tor independence and was killed 
 while gallantlv fighting at San Antoine de Bexar, 
 JNIarch 6, 1836. 
 
 Crockett, JohnW. , was born at Trenton, Tenn. ; 
 educated in the public schools; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Tennessee to the Twenty-fifth Con- 
 gress as a AVhig, and reelected to the Twenty-sixth 
 Congress; elected by the State legislature attorney- 
 general for the ninth district of Tenne.ssee Xovem- 
 ber 1, 1841; moved to New Orleans and became 
 editor of tlie National May 22, 1848; moved to 
 Memphis, Tenn., where he dieil Noveniber24, 1852. 
 
 Cromer, George Washington, of INIuncie, Ind., 
 was born May 13, 1.S56, in iladison County. Ind.; 
 moved with his parents while quite j'oung into 
 Salem Township,Delaware County, Ind, ; educated 
 in the common schools, in Wittenberg College, of 
 Springfield, Ohio, and in the State University at 
 Bloomington, Ind,, from which university he 
 graduated in the year 1882 with the degree of 
 A, B. ; after graduating, for a short time editor of 
 the !Muncie Times, then read and began the prac- 
 tice of law in 1886; elected jirosecuting attorney 
 of the forty-si.'cth judicial circuit of Indiana in 
 1886, reelected in 1888; member of the State Re- 
 
480 
 
 OONGRKSSIONAI, UIRKCTOKY. 
 
 imlplu'iui coiiiniitli'i' Irmii tlic Sixtli t'iiii),'irs,>iii)niil 
 dii'triit 111' Iiiilianaiii l.SiiL'Minl \X'M; ili'cli-d niaynr 
 of Miiiiiic in 1S!I4; fli'ctcil to the Fil'ty-sixtli and 
 Fifty-si'vt'iilli t'onKrfWies, and rt'clcclfd to the 
 iMtty-t'ifilitli C'onjrresH as a Ki'imlilicaii. 
 
 Crooke, Philip S., was horn at Puiinlikeeiisic, 
 N. Y., Manh L', ISII); (*du(ate<l at tlic Dutchess 
 Aeadenivat I'mijihUeepsie; studied law, and inlx:il 
 admitted to the liar; located at Flatlmsh in ]8:i.S; 
 Presidential elector in lS."i2 on the Democratic 
 ticket; elected amcndierof the general afsendily of 
 the.Stateof New YorkasaKei>ulilicanin]S().'{; mem- 
 ber of the hoard of stipervisors of Kinj;s County 
 1844-lSo2, 1858-187(1, and chairman of the hoard 
 18(>1, 18li2, 1804, and 180.'i; served forty years in 
 the National tiuard of the State of New Yorkfrom 
 l>rivate to hri^'ailier-tieneral; elected a l\e|)resenta- 
 tive from New York to the Forty-third Congress 
 as a Ke]ud)lican. 
 
 Crosby, John Crawford, of rittslieM, Mass., 
 was born at SlullicM, Herksliire County, Mat^s., 
 .Tune ITi, 1859; educated in the jiublic schools of 
 Pittslield; studied law and j.'raduated from the Bos- 
 ton I'niversity Law Sihool; admitted to the bar 
 and enfia-red in the practice of law; elected a mem- 
 ber of the school committee of I'ittstield in 1885, 
 and served six consecutive years in thai oliicc; 
 elected a member of the Massachusetts housi' 
 of representatives in 1885 an<l reelected in 18.st), 
 servin;.' each year on tlie committees on rules an<l 
 railroads; elected a member of the JIassachusetts 
 senate in 1887; reelected in 1888; elected to the 
 Fifty-second Conpress as a Democrat; after leaving 
 Congress, twice elected mayor of Pittslield, Mass., 
 and twice elected city solicitor. 
 
 Cross, Edward, was liorn in Tennessee and 
 educateil in the pulilic schools; studied law and 
 practiced; United •^tates judge for the ilistrict of 
 Arkan.-as; elected a Representative from Arkansas 
 to the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat; re- 
 elected to the Twenty-seventh and Twenty-eighth 
 Congresses; appointed judge of the State supreme 
 court in Jidy, 1845. 
 
 Crossland, Edward, was born in Hickman 
 County, Ky., June .'id, 1827; studied law; admitted 
 to the bar in 1852 and connnenced pr.ictice; mem- 
 ber of the legislature of the State of Kentucky 
 1857-58; elected judge of the court of conmi<in 
 jileas in the first judicial district of Kentucky in 
 August, 18t)7, for six years, and resigned Novcm- 
 lier 1, 1870; elected a He]iresenfative from Ken- 
 tucky to the Forty-set^ond Congress as a Democrat; 
 reelected to the Forty-third Congress. 
 
 Crouch, Edward, was elected a Representative 
 from Pennsylvania to tlic Thirteenth Congress as 
 a Democrat, in place of .lohn (Jloninger, resigned. 
 
 Crotinse, Lorenzo, was lx)rn in Schoharie 
 Countv, N. Y., January 27, 18.'U; received a lib- 
 eral eilucafion; movtil to Fort Plain, Montgomery 
 County, N.Y., in 18.55 and practiced law; raised a 
 Imtti'ry of light artillery in 18til; entered the Army 
 as caiitain in the First Regiment. .New York State 
 Artillery; wounded, and resigne<l after a year's 
 service; moved to Nebraska Territory in 18(i5; 
 niendierof the Territorial legislature in 18(itiand 
 iuwistwl in framing and securing the adoption of 
 its present State constitution; elected a.-^sociate 
 judge of the supreme court and entered uiion its 
 duties in >hirch, I8i<7, wlien Nebraska wasailmitted 
 into the I'lnon; elected a Representative from 
 Nebraska to the Forty-third C"ongress as a Rei)nb- 
 lican; reelectetl to the Forty-fourth I'ongrees. 
 
 Grouse, George W., of Akron, Ohio, was bom 
 at Tallmadge, Sumnnt County, tthio, November 
 23, 1SH2; receiveil a ci>nnnon school eilucation; 
 elected anil reele<-ted auditor of .'^umnnt County, 
 Ohio, 1858-181)2; held the otiice of county treas- 
 urer; county conunissioner and trustee for the 
 Children's Home for the sanu' county; nienilier 
 and ]iresidi'nt of the city coinicil for four years; 
 memlier and ]iresident of the board of education 
 for the city of Akron four years; sergeant in Com- 
 jiany F, One hundn-d and sixty-fourth Regiment, 
 Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served in fortiliea- 
 tions around Washington in 1804; electeil to the 
 Ohio State senate in 18S5, and served during 
 the regular and adjourned sessions of the sixty- 
 seventh general assend)ly imtil Manli 4, 1887, 
 when he resigned; elected to the Fiftieth Congress 
 as a Re])ul)lican. 
 
 Crowell, John, was born in Halifax County, 
 Ala.; educated in the jiublic schools; elected a 
 Delegate from thcTerritorv of Alabama to the Fif- 
 teenth Congress, serving fron\ March !l. 1818, to 
 Marcli .S, 1819, when the ."^tate constitution went 
 into operation; elected a Representative from Ala- 
 bama to the Sixteenth Congre.>is; ap|)ointeil agent 
 for the Creek Indians, then inhabiting wc-tem 
 (ieorgia and eastern Alabama, and occupied the 
 position \intil they were moved to the Jndian Ter- 
 ritorv in 1836; died at Fort Mitcliell, Ala., .lune 
 25, 1840. 
 
 Crowell, John, was born in Connecticut; 
 moved to AVarren, Ohio; elected a Representative 
 from Ohio to the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig; 
 reelected to the Thirty-first Ctmgress. 
 
 Crowley, Joseph B., of Robinson, III., was 
 born at Coshocton, Ohio, .Inly 19, 18.58; moved with 
 his iiarents to Robinson in 1872; educated in the 
 common schools; engaged in mercantile business 
 187(>-1880; .>;tudieil law; aihnitted to the bar in 
 May, 1883; electe<l county judge of Crawford 
 County in Novcmlier, I8S(), and reelect«Hl in ISVH); 
 apiiointed I'nited States s)>ccial Treasury agent in 
 charge of the seal fisheries of Alaska in April, 1893, 
 resigning this position in April, 18!)8; .served two 
 terms as president of the Robin.<on city schcKil 
 boanl anil two terms as ma.ster in chancery of his 
 county; electeda Representative to the Fifty-sixth, 
 Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Crowley, Kiles, of Galveston, Tex., was l>om 
 
 at Boston, Mass., in 1859; by profe.«sion a lawyer; 
 menil)er of the bou-^e of representatives of the 
 twenty-.second legislature of the .'^tate of Texas 
 and a Stale senator of the twenty-third and twenty- 
 foinlh legislatures; elected a Hepreselitalive to the 
 Fifty-fourth ((ingress as a Democrat; returned to 
 Texas and engaged in the practice of law. 
 
 Crowley, Kichard, of l.ockport, N. Y"., wa8 
 born at l...ckiM.rt, N. Y., December 14, IS.Sti; ed- 
 ucated in the public .schools there; studied hiw at 
 Uxkport and adndtted to the bar in l.stiO; city 
 attorney in 18l>5; electeil in that year to the New- 
 York State senate and reelected in l.Ht)7, serving 
 from.Iaiuiary 1, \xt'Ai, to.lanuary 1, 187(1; appointe<l 
 Fnited States district attorney for the northern 
 district of New York in 1871, and reappointed in 
 1S75, resigning that ollice March 3, 1S79. to take 
 his seat in Congress; elected a Repn-.-'entative to 
 the Forty-sixth Congress as ii Republican; re- 
 eli'ctitl to the Forty-seventh Congress. 
 
 Crowninshield, Benjamin Williams, was 
 bornat r.o.^ton, Ma-s-., December 27, 1772; received 
 a lilxral i-dueation; engaged in uierc-antile pursuits 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 481 
 
 at Salem, Mass.; State senator in 1811; appointed 
 Secretary of the Navy by President Madison De- 
 cember 17, 1814, and reappointed by President 
 Monroe, resigning in 1814; again a State senator 
 1822-1823; elected a Representative from ^lassa- 
 chusetts to the Eigliteenth t'ongress as a Demo- 
 crat; reelected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, and 
 Twenty-first Congresses; defeated for reelection 
 to the Twentv-second Congress; died at Boston, 
 Mass., February 3, 1851. 
 
 Crowninshield, Jacob, was born at Salem, 
 Mass. ; engaged in mercantile jmrsuits; defeated 
 as the Demiicratic candidate to fill the vacancy in 
 the Sixth Congrefs, caused by the resignation of 
 Dwight Foster, by Nathan Read, Federalist; a 
 member of the ilassachusetts house of representa- 
 tives: tendered the position of Secretary of the 
 Navy by President .Jefferson, but did not accept; 
 elected a Representative from Massachusetts to the 
 Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth Congresses as a Demo- 
 crat, .serving until his death, at Washington, D. C, 
 April 14,1 SOS. 
 
 Crowther, George C, of St. Joseph, Mo., was 
 born January 2ti, 1849; attended the public .schools 
 until his tenth year, when he became a printer's 
 apprentice, continuing in the printing office until 
 he mastered the trade, during his apprenticesliip 
 pursuing his studies at liome; entered the Federal 
 Army in 18ti2, and mustered out of service July 14, 
 186.5;" moved to Kansas in 1SB6 and engaged in 
 newspaper work, continuing this line of labor until 
 1873; elected secretary of the Kansas State senate 
 in January, 1869, and reelected in 1S71 and 1873; 
 engaged on newspapers and in the jirinting busi- 
 ness 1875-1886; appointed dejiuty sheriff of Bu- 
 chanan County, ^lo., in 1887; elected city treasurer 
 of St. Joseph in 1888, and reelected in 1890; elected 
 a Representative to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a 
 Repul)lican. 
 
 Croxton, Thomas, of Tappahannock, Va., was 
 born at Tappahannock, f^ssex County, Va., March 
 15, 1822; educated in the primary schools in Tap- 
 jiahannock. at Raj^pahannock ancl Fleetwood 
 aca<lemies and at the University of Virginia; grad- 
 uated in law June, 1842, and ])racticeil; attorney 
 for the Connnouwealth from July, 1852, to July, 
 1865, when lie resigned; elector from the First 
 district of Virginia on the Hancock and English 
 (DeuKjcratic I ticket in 1880; elected a Representa- 
 tive to the Forty-ninth Congress as a Democrat; 
 elected judge of Essex County, Va. 
 
 Crozier, John H. , was born in Tennessee and 
 educated in tlie public schools; resident of Knox- 
 ville; elected a Representative from Tennessee to 
 the Twentv-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses as a 
 Whig. 
 
 Crudup, Josiah, was born in AVake County, 
 N. C; resident of Raleigh; elected a Representa- 
 tive from North Carolina to the Seventeenth Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Cruger, Daniel, was born at Bath, N. Y. ; edu- 
 cated in the public schools; member of the State 
 house of representatives 1814-15; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New York to the Fifteenth 
 Congress. 
 
 Crump, George William, was born in Pow- 
 hatan County, Va. ; graduated from Princeton Col- 
 lege; studied medi<-ine and practiced; member of 
 the State house of representatives; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Virginia to the Nineteenth Con- 
 gress (in the place of John Randolph, resigned) 
 as a Jackson Democrat, serving from February 6, 
 1826, to March 3, 1827; defeated for reelection to 
 
 H. Doc. -toS 31 
 
 the Twentieth Congress; appointed b}' President 
 Jackson chief clerk of the Pension Bureau in 1832, 
 which position he held until his death, at Wash- 
 ington, D. C, in 1850. 
 
 Crump, Rousseau O., was born at Pittsford, 
 Monroe County, N. Y., May 20, 1843, and received 
 hiseducationinthe Pittsford and Rochesterschools; 
 followed the lumber business; established his first 
 home in Plainwell, ^Nlich.; served West Bay City 
 as alderman for four years, and in the spring of 
 1892 nominated and elected mayor of West Bay 
 City, and reelected in 1894; elected a Representa- 
 tive to the Fifty-fourtli Congress as a Republican; 
 reelected to the Fifty-filtli and Fifty-sixth Con- 
 gresses; reelected to the Fifty-seventh Congress; 
 died at West Bay City, Mich., May 1, 1901. 
 
 Crumpacker, Edgar D., of Valparaiso, Ind., 
 was burn Alay 27, 1S51, in Laporte County, Ind.; 
 educated in the counnon schools and at the Val- 
 paraiso .\cademy ; admitted to the bar in 1876, and 
 practiced at Valjiaraiso, Ind.; prosecuting attor- 
 ney for the thirty-first judicial district of Indi- 
 ana 1884-1888; served as appellate judge in the 
 State of Indiana, bv appointment under Governor 
 Hovev, from March, 1891, to .January 1, 1893; 
 elected tothe Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, 
 and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Crutchfield, William, was born at Greenville, 
 Tenn., November 16, 1826; educated in the com- 
 mon schools; moved to McMinn County, Tenn., 
 in early youth and remained there fnr four years; 
 settled in Alabama in 1844 and engageil in farming; 
 Ijecame a permanent resident of Cliattanooga in 
 1850; elected a Representative from Tennessee to 
 the Forty-third Congress as a Republican; died at 
 Chattanooga, Tenn., January 24, 1890. 
 
 Culberson, Charles A., of Dallas, Tex., was 
 born at Dadeville, Tallapoosa County, Ala., June 
 10, 1855; eldest son iif David B. Culberson, for 
 twenty-two years a member of the House of Rep- 
 resentatives from Texas; resided at (jiilmer and 
 Jefferson, Tex., until 1887, when he moved to Dal- 
 las; graduateil from the Virginia Military Institute, 
 Lexington, class of 1874; studied law under his 
 father and at the University of A'irginia in 1876-77; 
 elected attorney-general of Texas in 1890 and 1892; 
 elected governor of Texas in 1894 and 1 896; delegate 
 at large to the Democratic national convention at 
 Chicago in 1896; chosen United States Senator 
 Jamiary 25, 1899, with only tjiree opposing votes, 
 to succeed Roger Q. Mills; liis term of office expires 
 JMarch 3, 1905. 
 
 Culberson, David B. , of Jefferson, Tex., was 
 born in Troup County, (ia., September 29, 1830; 
 educated at Brownwood, Lagrange, Ga. ; studied 
 law under Chief Justice (!liilton, of Alabama; 
 moved to Texas in 1856, and elected a member of 
 the legislature of that State in 1859; entered the 
 Confederate army as a private, and promoted to 
 the rank of colonel of the Eighteentli Texas In- 
 fantry; assigned to duty in 1864 as adjutant-gen- 
 eral, with the rank of colonel, of the State of 
 Texas; elected to the State legislature in 1864; 
 elected to the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty- 
 sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, 
 Fiftieth, Fifty-flret, Fifty-second, Fifty-third, and 
 Fifty-fourth Congresses as a Democrat; ap]>ointed 
 by President McKinley as one of the commission- 
 ers to codify the law.s" of the United States, and 
 held this jjosition until he died at his home, Jef- 
 ferson, jVIarion County, Tex., May 7, 1900. 
 
 Culbertson, William C, of Girard, Pa., was 
 born in Erie County, Pa., November 25, 1825, 
 
482 
 
 CONGBESiSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 %vliort> he reccive<l a common «'liool i'(hicatic>n; 
 I'littaj^'d ill liiiiilicrin^' and fariiiint; imrsnil.'*; m-viT 
 lii'ld publio olliiv unlit cU'cli'd to the Kiftv-fii>it 
 l'on);ri'88as a Republican; ivtiirncd to(iirari(, Pa., 
 where he devoted his time to nianafiinj; liis vast 
 hiisiiness interests. 
 
 Culbertson, William Wirt, of Aslilaud, Ky., 
 wa.< born near l.ew islown, in the central part of 
 I'ennsylvania, which State he left when 2 years 
 old; cn;rat.'eil in the manufacture of iron; elected 
 to the house of representatives of the Kentucky 
 Icfrislaliire in IS70 for a term of two years, and t<i 
 the Ki'iituiky State senate in IS7.'i for a ti'i-m of 
 four yeai-s; deleijrate from his district (o the Repub- 
 lican national conventions at Cincinnati and Chi- 
 cajio in 187(> and IS.SO; mayor of the city of Ash- 
 land; elected to the Forty-eijj;hth (\iii^rress as a 
 KcpubHcan. 
 
 Culbreth, Thomas, was born in Kent County, 
 Del., in ITSli; moved to Caroline County, Md.; a 
 member of the State house of representatives in 
 ISl.S; elected a Representative from Maryland to 
 the Fifteenth Con-iress as a democrat: reelected 
 to the Sixteenth Congress; clerk of the eNecutive 
 council of Marvland 1825-18l!8; died at his home 
 near Denton, Vld., May 17, 18-4.S. 
 
 Cullen, Elisha D., was born at Georgetown, 
 Del.; elected a Re])re.sentative from Delaware to 
 the Thirty-fourth Congress as an .\nierii:in; de- 
 feated for rceU'ction lo the Thirty-lifth Congress. 
 
 Cullen, William, of Ottawa, 111., was liorn in 
 the north of Ireland March 4, IH^ti; when a child 
 his parents came to the United States and located 
 in I'ittsliurg, l*a., where he received a jiublic school 
 education; moved to Illinois in lS4t) and located 
 on a farm; sheriff of Lasallc County, and held 
 other local oflices; elected to the Forty-seventh 
 Congress as a Republican, and reelected to the 
 Forty-eighth Congre.ss. 
 
 CuUom, Alvan, was born in Kentucky; re- 
 ceived a liberal cdui'ation; studied law and com- 
 menced practice at Livingston, Tenn.; member of 
 the State house of repre.sentatives for several years; 
 elected a Representative from Tenne.s,see to the 
 Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat; reelected 
 to the" Twenty-ninth Congress; delegate to the 
 pea<'c confenncc of l.SHl. 
 
 Cullom, Shelby Moore, of Springfielil, 111., 
 was born in Wayne County, Ky., November '22, 
 182!); his father 'move<l to Tazewell County, III., 
 the following year; received an academic and 
 university education: went to Springlield in the 
 fall of 185:5 tostudy law, and resided there; imnie- 
 diatily upon receiving license to practice elected 
 city attorney; eontinue(l to praitice law until he 
 took his Beat in the House of Representatives in 
 ISdS; Presidential elector in 18.i(i on the Fillmore 
 ticket; elected a member of the house of repre- 
 sentatives of Illinois in bs.^, 1860, 1872, and 1874; 
 electeil speaker in 18111 and in 187.S; eleiteil a Rep- 
 resentative from Illinois to the Thirty-ninlh. 
 Fortieth, and Forty-first Congresses as a R»'pub- 
 lican, serving from Dei-endK'r4, 1811.1, to March .'1, 
 1871; ilelegate to the Republican national conven- 
 tional Philailelphiain 1872, lK>iiig chairman of the 
 Illinois delegation, and i)laced tiencral (irant in 
 nomination; delegate lo the Republican national 
 convention in 1884 and chairman of the Illinois 
 delegation; elected governor of Illinois in 187ii 
 and succeedeil himself in 1880, serviiigfrnm .lann- 
 ary 8, 1877, inilil Febrnarv .'>, 188:!, when he 
 n^signeil, having been electeil to llie Inited States 
 Senate to succeed David Davis, IiideiM'iulent Demo- 
 
 crat; took his seat December 4, 188;J; reelecteil in 
 1,888, 1894, and HKH); member of the coinmis.-ion 
 ap]«iinte<l to pri'pare a system of laws for the 
 I lawaiian Islands. 
 
 Cullom, William, Wiis born in Tenne,».see; edu- 
 cated in the pulilii- schools; studied law and jirac- 
 ticed at Carthage, Tenn.; elected a Representative 
 from Teniies,see to the Thirty-second Ciuigre.ss jus a 
 Whig; reelected to the Thirty-third Congress; d<-- 
 feated for reelection to theThirty-fourth Congress; 
 Clerk of the House for the Thirty-fourth Congres.s, 
 serving from February 4, 18.56, to Decemberd, 18.")7. 
 
 Culpepper, John, was born in Anson County, 
 N. ('.; eilucalcil in the |)ulplic schools; iK-came in- 
 terested in ri'ligious matters and licenseil to preach 
 to the Baptist denomination; elected a Ki'pre.siMita- 
 tive from North Carolina to the Tenth Congress as 
 a Federalist; seat was contested and declared 
 vacant .lanuary 2, 1808, on accovmt of iiie<pialities 
 in election, but was snb.se<iucntlv reelecteil at a 
 new election and took his seat February 2.'J, 1808; 
 elected to t he Tliirteenth Congress; rwlected tothe 
 Fourteenth Congn^ss; defeateil for the Fifteenth 
 Congress; elected to the Sixteenth Congress and 
 defeated for the Seventeenth Congress; elected to 
 the Eighteenth and defeated for the Nineteenth 
 Congre.ss; elected to the Twentieth Congress. 
 
 Culver, Charles Vernon, was born at Logan, 
 Ohio, September 11, I.8:i0; received a liberal educa- 
 tion and engaged in mercantile pursuits; beiaine 
 largely interested in the development of the oil 
 regions in Venango County, Pa., and established, 
 national banks as a part of his extensive opera- 
 tions; elected a Representative from Pennsylvania 
 to the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican; 
 while a member of Congress b came bankrupt 
 and was imprisoned in 18(16, but after a prolonged 
 trial was acijuittcd; resumed oj)erations in the oil 
 business. 
 
 Culver, Erastus D., was born at Whitehall, 
 Washington County, N. Y., in 1802; gradiiatiHl 
 from the Fnivei-sity of Vermont in 1826; stmlied 
 law and commenced practice at (ireenwich: elected 
 to the Stale assembly of New York 18:18 and 1841; 
 elected a RepresiTilative from New York lo the 
 Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig; minister to 
 Peru 1862-1870; became the second judge f)f the 
 city court of Hrooklyn in 18.'S4 and .served until 
 18til, and during the greater jiart of this time was 
 a mend)er of the lirm of Culver, Parker it Arthur; 
 died at (ireenwich, N. Y., Oi'tober l.i, 18811. 
 
 Cumback, Will, was born in Fninklin County, 
 Ind., March 21, 1820; graduated from thi' Miami 
 I'niversity, Ohio; taught school two years; studie<l 
 law at the (Cincinnati Uiw School, and afterwards 
 practiced at (ireeiisburg. Ind.; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Indiana to the Thiriy-lourth C<iii- 
 gre.ssiusa Republican: defeated for IheThirty-tifth 
 Congress; Presiilential elector in 1860 on the 
 Lincoln and Hamlin ticket; a|>pointed by President 
 Lincoln a paymaster in tin- .\rm\. 
 
 Cumming, Thomas W. , was born in Maryland; 
 moved to Brooklyn, N.JY.; electi'<l a Representa- 
 tive from New York to the Thirty-thinl Congress 
 as a Democr.il. 
 
 Cumming-,William,Wiisbornat Ivienton.N.C. ; 
 stndieil law and jiraeticCMl; Delineate to the Conti- 
 nental Congress in 1784; elected to the house of 
 commons in 1788. 
 
 Cumming's, Amos J., of New York City, was 
 born at Conkling, Rrooine County, X. Y.. Mav l.'i, 
 1841; receiveil a eommon school e<lueation: entered 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 483 
 
 a printing office when 12 years of age; a boy with 
 Wallier in tlie last invasion of Nicaragua; sergeant- 
 majoi' of the Twenty-sixth Xew Jersey Regiment, 
 Second Brigade, Sixth Corps, Arniyof the Potomac; 
 filled editorial positions on the New York Tribune 
 under Horace tlreeley. New York Sun, New York 
 Express, and editor of the Evening Sun on enter- 
 ing upon his Congressional duties; elected to the 
 Fiftieth, Fifty-first, Fifty-second, Fifty-third, Fifty- 
 fourth, F'ifty-flfth, Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh 
 Congresses as a Democrat; died at Baltimore, Md., 
 May 2, 1902. 
 
 Cummings, Henry J. B., was born at Newton, 
 N. J. , May 21, ls:31 ; educated in the public schools; 
 edited a newspaper in Schuylkill County, Pa., in 
 1850; studied law, and commenced jiractice at 
 Winterset, Iowa, in January, 1856; elected county 
 prosecuting attorney in August, 1850, and held the 
 ofKce two years and three months, when it was 
 abolished by the new constitution; entered the 
 Union Army in July, 1861, and elected captain of 
 Company Fof the l-'ourth Iowa Infantry; commis- 
 sioned colonel of the Thirty-ninth Iowa Infantry, 
 which he commanded until 1865; Vjecame editor 
 and proprietor of the Winterset Madisonian in 
 1869; elected a Representative from Iowa to the 
 Forty-fifth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Cummins, John D. , was born in Penn.sylvania 
 and educated in the public schools; studied law; 
 commenced practice at New Philadelphia, Ohio; 
 elected a Representative from Ohio to the Twenty- 
 ninth and Thirtieth Congresses as a Democrat; 
 died at Milwaukee, Wis., September 11, 1849. 
 
 Cunning-ham, Francis A., was born in South 
 Carolina; moved to Eaton, Ohio; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Ohio to the Twenty-ninth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat. 
 
 Currier, Frank Duuklee, of Canaan, N. H., 
 was born at Canaan, N. II., October 30, 1853; 
 received a common school and academic educa- 
 tion; studied law, and admitted to the bar in 1874; 
 member of the New Hampshire house of repre- 
 sentatives in 1879; secretarv of the Republican 
 State committee 1882-1890; clerk of the State sen- 
 ate 1883-1887; delegate to the Republican national 
 convention of 1884; president of the State senate 
 in 1887; naval officer of customs at the port of 
 Boston, Mass., 1890-1894; speaker of the New- 
 Hampshire houseof representativesin 1899; elected 
 to the Fifty-seventh Congress, and reelected to the 
 Fifty-eighth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Curry, Jabez L. M., was born in Lincoln 
 County, Ga., June 5, 1825; moved with his father 
 to Talladega County, Ala., in 1838; graduated from 
 the University of (ieorgia in 1843; studied law and 
 commenced practice in Talladega County in 1845; 
 served in the war with Mexico as a private in the 
 Texas Rangers in 1846, but resigned on account of 
 ill health; member of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives 1847, 1853, and 1855; Presidential elector 
 on the Buchanan ticket in 1856; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Alabama to the Thirty-fifth Con- 
 gress as a State Rights Democrat without oppo- 
 sition, and reelected to the Thirty-sixth Congress 
 without opposition, serving until January 21, 1861, 
 when he retired from the House; deputy from 
 Alabama to the Provisional Confederate Congress 
 and a Representative to the First Confederate Con- 
 gress; served as lieutenant-colonel of cavalry in 
 the Confederate army; after the war became a 
 Baptist preacher; chosen president of Howard 
 College, Alabama, in 1865; professor in Richmond 
 College, Virginia, 1868-1S81; appointed minister 
 to Spain in 1885; died Februarv 12, 1903. 
 
 Curtin, Andre-w G. , of Bellefonte, Pa., was 
 born at Bellefonte, Pa., in 1817; educated for and 
 practiced law ; secretary of the Counnon wealth of 
 Pennsylvania andsuperintendent of publicinstruc- 
 tion; governor of Pennsylvania; minister to Rus- 
 sia; member of the constituticjual convention of 
 Pennsylvania; elected to the Forty-seventh Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; reelected to the Forty-eighth 
 and Forty-ninth Congresses; died October 7, 1894. 
 
 Curtis, Carlton B., was born in Madison 
 County, N. Y., Decemlier 17, 1811; .studied law 
 and commenced practice at Warren; moved to 
 Erie, Pa.; elected to the legislature of Pennsylva- 
 nia in 1836, 1837, and 1838; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-second Con- 
 gress as a Whig; elected to the Thirty-third Con- 
 gress; served in the Union Army as colonel of a 
 reghnentof Penusylvaniavolunteers; again elected 
 to the Forty-third ('ongress as a Rei^uljlican; de- 
 feated for reelection to the Forty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Curtis, Charles, of Topeka, Kans., was born in 
 what is known as North Topeka, Shawnee County, 
 Kans., January 25, 1860; received his education 
 in the common schools of the city of Topeka; 
 studied law with A. H. Case, esq., at Topeka; 
 admitted to the bar in 1881 ; entered into a partner- 
 ship with Mr. Casein 1881 and remained with him 
 until 1884; elected county attorney of Shawnee 
 Countv in 1884 and reelected in 1886; elected to 
 the Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, and Fifty-fifth Con- 
 gresses from the Fourth Kansas district: in 1897 
 Shawnee County was taken out of the Fourth dis- 
 trict and placed in the First district; Mr. Curtis 
 was nominated by the Republicans of the First 
 district and elected to the Fifty-sixth (Congress, 
 and reelected to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth 
 Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Curtis, Edward, was born in Vermont; grad- 
 uated from Union College in 1821; stuclied law- and 
 commenced practice in New York City in 1824; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Twenty-fifth Congre.ss as a Whig and reelected to 
 the Twenty-sixth Congress; apjiointed by Presi- 
 dent Harrison collector of the port of New York, 
 and held the i)Osition for nearly four years; re- 
 sumed the practice of law at Washington, D. C; 
 later in life became mentallv unbalanced; died at 
 New York City August 2, 1,S56. 
 
 Curtis, Georg-e M. , of Clinton, Iowa, was born 
 near Oxford, C'henango County, N. Y., .\pril 1. 
 1844; moved with his parents to Ogle County, 111,, 
 in 1856; reare<l upon the farm, and i-eceived his 
 education in the common schools and at the Rock 
 River Seminary, Mount Morris, 111. ; engaged as 
 clerk in a store at Rochelle, 111., 1863-1865, and 
 sulisequently, for two years in merchandising, at 
 Cortland, III.; moved to Clinton in 1867; engaged 
 in the manufacture of doors, sash, blinds, lumber, 
 etc.; member of the twenty-second general assem- 
 l)ly of low-a; delegate to the Republican national 
 convention in 1892; elected to the Fifty-fourth 
 Congress as a Republican; reelected to the Fifty- 
 fifth Congress. 
 
 Curtis, Ne-wton Martin, of (^gdensburg, N. Y., 
 was born at Depeyster, St. Lawrence County, N.Y., 
 May 21, 1835; educated in the common schoolsand 
 the Gouverneur Wesleyan Seminary; commenced 
 the organization of a company of volunteers April 
 15,1861; commissioned captain May 7 follow-ingin 
 the Sixteenth New York Infantry: served in Sixth 
 Corps, Armyof the Potomac, till' October 17, 1862, 
 when promoted to lieutenant-colonel, and January 
 21, 1863, to be colonel of the One hundred and 
 
484 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTOKY. 
 
 forty-second Xew York Infantry: assigned to com- 
 niand of Seconil Hripidc, Si'cond Pivision, Tentli 
 Army ('or|is, .liuic Ml, lS(i4; assiiriuil toconunand 
 of I'irst Hrijradt', sanie division ami corps, .Ivme !'•">, 
 IStU; conmiissioncd lirigaclii'r-}.'(Mii'ral by l)revet 
 for distint;nislu'(l siTviivs to date from ()(tol)er 2H, 
 ISlM; aiipointol mi the field, .laniiary Iti, 18(>5, 
 |lrovi^^ionaI liripulier-jreneral for jrallant services 
 in tlie ( a|itiirt> of Fort Fisher; appointed major- 
 general liylirevet for pdlant and meritorious .serv- 
 ices and assigned todtity as chief i>f staff of >hijor- 
 (ieneral Ord; assigned to command of southwest 
 Virginia .Inly 1, lS(i.'i; mustered out of service Jan- 
 uary 15, l,St>i>; appointeii collector of customs, dis- 
 trict of Oswegatehie, N. Y., in 1X06; appointed 
 Bpeeial agent, Tniled States Trea.snry I)ei)artment, 
 in IM>7, which position he resigned in 18S(); em- 
 ployed 1S8(V-1,><S2 hy the Ilepartment of .lustiee to 
 assist the I'liited States tlistrict attorney for the 
 southern clistrict of New York in ]ircpariiig for 
 trial and settlement ca.ses (lending in the circuit 
 court of that ilistrict, known as the "Charges ami 
 commissions" ea.ses; trustee i>f the hoard of con- 
 trol of the Xew York Agricultural Kxperiinent 
 Station from its organiiiation in 18S0 to ISill, serv- 
 ing as secretary and lateras |>resident of the hoard; 
 niemher of the assembly 1SS4-1S;I0; electeil to the 
 Fifty-secoml t'ongre.ss as a Kepublican, vice Leslie 
 \V. Kussell, resigned; reelected to the Fifty-third 
 and Fifty-fourth ( 'i mgre.-^ses as a Kepublican; as- 
 sistant inspector-general of the National Homes for 
 Disabled Volunteer Soldiers. 
 
 Curtis. Samuel R. , was Viorn in the State of 
 New York Fcliruary :!, 1S07; reared in Ohio, 
 where he was educated in the (Miblic schools; ap- 
 pointed a cadet at West I'oint in 18L'7, graduating 
 in .Inly, is:!l,as brevet second lientenant in the 
 Seventh Infantrv, and resigned in .lune, 1S:{2; 
 stuilied law and commenced ])ractice in Ohio; 
 chief engineer of the Mu.skingum Kiver improve- 
 ments April, 1S:{7, to Mav, IX.Si); served in the 
 the war with Mexico its adjutant-general of Ohio 
 anil as colonel of the Second Ohio Infantry; also 
 served as acting a.ssistant adjutant-general to 
 Brigadier-Oeiieral Wool; resumeil the practice of 
 law; elected a Kepresentative from iowa to the 
 Thirty-lifth Congress as a I{e])iibliiaii; reelected 
 to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses, 
 serving from December 7, 18.i7, to August H, 18t)l. 
 when he resigned; served in the I'nion Army as 
 colonel of the Second Iowa Volunteers, brigailier- 
 geiieral and major-general iStil-bStiri; appointed 
 I'niled States peace commissioner to treat with 
 the Indians in KS().'i; appointed coaimissioner to 
 examine and report on the I'liion racilic road, 
 and served from November, !.'>().'), to April, 1806; 
 died at Conncil Ulnfis, Iowa, I>ecmlx"r L'.i, 1806. 
 
 Cusack, Thomas, of Chicago, III., was born in 
 Ireland OctoU'r .5. I8.S8; moved to New York 
 with his parents when 'A years of age; after tin- 
 death of his (larents, at the age of n years, moveil 
 to Chicago; atteiuled private and public schools in 
 Chicago and New York; learned the sign-painting 
 trade, and starteil in the advertising siun-paintiiig 
 business I)ecemlH-r, l87.i, under the linn name of 
 Thomas Cusai'k iV; Co.; iiieml)er of the board of 
 edncatiun l8iM-l.S!l8, and vi<-e-president during the 
 yi-urs 18!I0-1898; served on (ioverimr .Vltgeld's 
 staff, with the rank of inlonel; member of the 
 State centnil committee 181tt>-18»8; elected to the 
 Fifty-sixth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Gushing. Caleb, was born at Salisburv, Ma.'<s., 
 .lannary 17, iMKi; graduated from Harvard College 
 in 18lt; tutor in mathematics there lSll»-18i;i; 
 
 8tudie<l law; admitte<l to the bar at Newbnryport 
 in l.S'JS; meinlH-r of the State house of n-presenta- 
 tives in 18L'r>, and of the State senate in 1827; 
 again a meinlK'r of the State hou.-e of representa- 
 tives in I8.S,S and I8;i4; electeil a Kepresentative 
 from Ma.ssacliusett.s to the Twenty-fourth Con- 
 gress as a Whig; reelected to the Twenty-tifth, 
 Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses; 
 appointeii by rresident Tyler connnissioner to 
 China, and served from .May H, 1S4.'!, to March i;{, 
 184.5; again a member of the State house of 
 re]>re.-'entatives l84.")-4ii; colonel of a Ma.s.sjuhu- 
 setts regiment which served in the war with 
 Mexico; appointeii brigadier-general by President 
 I'olk .April 14, 1847; defeatecl as the Democratic 
 candidate for governor of Ma.ssachuselts in 1847, 
 and again in 1848; again elected to the State house 
 of representatives in l.S.'iO; offered the position as 
 attorney-general of Ma.-^.sachu.'^etts in 18.")1, but de- 
 clined; apiiiiinted judge of the supreme court of 
 .Massachusetts in 1.8.")2: appointed by President 
 Pierce .Vttorney-tJeneral of the Cnited l^tates 
 March 7, 18.i;!; jiresident of the Democratic na- 
 tional convention at Baltimore and Charleston in 
 I860; appointed by President .lohnson a com- 
 missioner to codify the laws of the I'nited States, 
 I.S()6-1870; appointeii by President ttrant coun.^el 
 for the rnited States before the (Jeneva tribunal 
 of arbitration on the .\labania claims; nominated 
 by President tirant in 1874 to lie('4iief .Instice of 
 the .'Supreme Conrt of the Cnited .'^tates, but was 
 not contirmed by the .^^enate; minister to ."^pain 
 1874-1877; died at Newburvi>ort, Mass., .lanuarv 
 2, 1879. 
 
 Cushing', Thomas, was born at Boston, Mass., 
 March 24. I72.">: graduated froin Harvard College 
 in 1744; studied law and admitted to the bar at 
 Boston; for many years member of the provincial 
 a.s.sembly; member of the Provincial Congress in 
 1774; ilelegate from Ma.ssachnsetts to the Conti- 
 nental Congress 1774-1776; commissary-general of 
 Ma.ssachnsetts in 177.5; deilined a reelection to 
 the Continental Congress in 1779; lieuteiiant-gov- 
 eriior of Mass;ichusett.s, 1779-1788, and acting 
 governor in 1788; died at Boston Februarv 28, 
 1788. 
 
 Cushtnan, Francis W. , of Tacoma, Wash., 
 
 was born May 8, 18ti7, at Brighton, Washington 
 County, Iowa: educated chiefly at the high school 
 in Brighton, and at the Plea.sant Plain .\cadeniy 
 of .leffcrsoii County, Iowa: a.-isisteil himself in se- 
 curing an education by working as a "water boy" 
 on the railroad in the summer time and attending 
 .school in the winter time; after the completion of 
 his school course, worked for a time as a conimoii 
 laborer or ".section hand" on the railroad; at the 
 age of 16 moved to the then Territory of Wyoming, 
 where he remained for live years working as a cow- 
 boy on a ranch, in a lumbercamp, teaching school, 
 and studying law; then niovtil to Nebraska and 
 In-gan the (iractice of law, iH'ing admitted to Uitli 
 district and su))reiiie court luirs of that State; 
 moved to the State of Washington in 1.891, and en- 
 gaged in the practice of law: jirior to his election 
 he never held, or was a candidate for, any oflice, 
 either I'lei-tive or ap|iointive; elected to the Fifty- 
 sixth and Fifty-seventh Congre.ises. and reelected 
 to the Fifty-eighth Congress as a Kepublican. 
 
 Cushman, John Paine, was Iwrn at Pomfret, 
 Conn., in 1784; graduatiil from Yale College in 
 1807; admitted to tin- bar at Troy, N. Y.. ami l«e- 
 gan practicing: elected a Keiireseutative from New 
 York to the I'ilteenth Congre.-^s: aiipointed a re- 
 gent of the State University from April 2. \>^M. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 485 
 
 until he resigned in April, 1834: circuit judge 1838- 
 1846; die<l at Troy, N. Y., September 16, 1848. 
 
 Cushman, Joshua, was horn at Plymouth, 
 Mass.; graduated from Harvard College in 1787; 
 studied theology, and lit'cnsed to preach; member 
 of the State house of representatives in 1811 and 
 State senator in 1S09, 1816, 1819, and 1820; elected 
 a Representative from" ilassachusetts to the Si.x- 
 teenth Congress; elected a Rejiresentative from 
 Maine to the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Con- 
 gresses; died at Winslow, Me., in 1834. 
 
 Cushman, Samuel, was Ijorn at Portsmouth, 
 N. II., .lune 8, 1783; received his education in the 
 public schools; served as judge of the Portsmouth 
 police court; county treasurer, 1823-1828, and a 
 member of the State council, 1833-1 83.5; nominated 
 by President Jackson to be I'nited States attorney 
 for the district of New Hampshire, but was not 
 confirmed by the Senate; elected a Representative 
 from New Hampshire to the Twenty-fourth and 
 Twenty-tifth Ccmgresses as a Democrat; rnitc<l 
 States Navv agent at Portsmouth 1845-1849; died 
 at Portsmouth, N. H., May 20, 1851. 
 
 Cutcheon, Byron M., of ilanistee, Mich., was 
 liorn at Pembroke, ^Icrrimack County, N. H., May 
 II, 1836; pursued his preparatory studies at Pem- 
 broke and completed them at Ypsilanti, Mich., 
 where he moved in 1835; graduated from the 
 University of Michigan, classical course, in 1861; 
 became princii^al of the high school at Ypsilanti 
 in 1861; captain, major, lieutenant-colonel, and 
 colonel of the Twentieth ^lichigan Infantry, 1862- 
 1864; brevet colonel and colonel Twenty-seventh 
 ^lichigan Infantry, and brevet brigadier-general, 
 "for conspicuous gallantry," l864-6o; twice 
 wounded at Spottsylvania Court-House; assigned 
 to the conunand of the Second Brigade, First 
 Division, .\rmy of the I'otomac, in 1864; nmstered 
 out in 1865; studied law with Hon. S. M. Cutcheon, 
 Y'psilanti. Mich., 1865-66; graduated from Mich- 
 igan University Law School,"l866, and admitted to 
 practice at .\nn Arbor, Mich.; connnenced the 
 practice of law at Manistee, ilich., in 1867; mem- 
 ber of the board of control of railroads of Mich- 
 igan 1866-1883; Presidential elector in 1868; city 
 attorney 1870-71; county attorney 1873-74; regent 
 of the Michigan ITniversity 1875-1883; po.stmaster 
 at Manistee City 1877-1883; elected to the Forty- 
 eighth Congress as a Republican; reelected to tlie 
 Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses; 
 appointed the civilian mendier of the Board of 
 Ordnance and FortiHcation by President Harrison 
 in July, 1891, serving until i\Iarch 25, bt95: edi- 
 torial writer on the Detroit Daily Tribune and 
 Detroit Journal 1895-1897; resumed the jiractice 
 of law at (iranil Rapids, Mich. 
 
 Cuthbert, Alfred, was born at Savannah, Ga. ; 
 graduated from Princeton College in 1803; studiecl 
 law, atid afterwards jiracticed at ^lonticello, Jas- 
 per County, Ga. ; member of the State legisla- 
 ture; elected a Representative from Georgia to the 
 Thirteenth Congress (in place of William AV. 
 Bibb, aji pointed Senator) as a Democrat; reelected 
 to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from Feb- 
 ruary 7, 1814, to 1816, when he resigned; elected 
 to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineti'cnth 
 Congresses; elected a United States Senator from 
 (ieorgia in place of John Forsyth, resigned, and 
 reelected for a full term, serving from Januarv 12. 
 1835, to Alarch 3. 1843; died near Monticello,"(;a., 
 July 9, 185(5. 
 
 Cuthbert, John A., was born at Savannah, 
 Ga., June 3, 1788; graduated from Princeton Col- 
 
 lege at the age of 17; studied law, and commenced 
 practice at Eatonton; elected to the legislattire of 
 Georgia from Liberty County, which he lontinued 
 to represent for years, either in the .senate or in 
 the house; commander of a volunteer company 
 during the war of 1812; elected a Representative 
 from Georgia to the Sixteenth Congress; became 
 editor and subsequently proprietor of the Federal 
 Union, an influential jiaper jiublished at INIilledge- 
 ville, Ga., in 1831; moved to >h)bile in 1837, and 
 practiced his profession; elected by the legislature 
 of Alabama judge of the county court of Mobile in 
 1840, and appointed by the governor judge of the 
 circuit court of the same countv in 1852; died near 
 Mobile, Ala., September 22, I88I. 
 
 Cutler, Aug-ustus W. , was born at Morris- 
 town, N. J.. Octolier 22, 1827; spent the early 
 part of his life on a farm; studied law; admitted 
 as an attorney in 1850 an<l as a counselor in 1853; 
 prosecutor of the pleas 1856-1861; l)ecame presi- 
 dent of the board of education in 1870; member 
 of the constitutional convention of New Jersey in 
 1873; elected State senator in 1871; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New Jersey to the Forty-fourth 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the Forty- 
 fifth Congress. 
 
 Cutler, Manasseh, was liorn at Killingly, 
 Conn., ^lay 3, 1742; graduated from the medical 
 dei)artment at Yale College in 1765; engaged in 
 the whaling Inisiness at Edgarton, Mai'thas Vine- 
 yard; moved to Dedhani in 1769; studied law; 
 achnitted to the bar, but did not practice; studied 
 theology, and in 1770 licen.«ed to ]>reach; ordained 
 to the ministr)' by the Congregational Society at 
 Hamilton, Mass., September 11, 1771; appointed 
 chaj)lain of Colonel Francis's regiment in 1776; ap- 
 pointed judge of the United Stales court for Ohio in 
 1795 by President Washington, but declined: mem- 
 lierof the State house of reiircsentatives; elected a 
 Representative from ^lassachusctts to the Seventh 
 and Eighth C'ongresses as a Federalist; died at 
 Hamilton, :Nrass., July 28, 1823. 
 
 Cutler, William P., was born at ^Marietta, 
 f)hio, July 12, 1813; ujemberof the State houseof 
 rejiresentatives of Ohio, 1844-1847, serving as 
 sjieaker during the last term; member of the State 
 constitutional convention in 1850; president of 
 the Marietta and Cincinnati Railroad 1850-1860; 
 elected a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty- 
 seventh Congress as a Republican; died at 5Iari- 
 etta, Ohio, April II, 1.889. 
 
 Cutting, Francis B., was born in New Y'ork 
 in 1805; graduated from Cohiiidiia College in 1825; 
 studied law and afterwards practiced at New Y'ork; 
 served as a member of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives in 1836 and 1837; elected a Represent- 
 ative from New York to the Thirty-third Congress 
 as a Democrat; was a war nemocrat in 1863, and 
 advocated the reelection of President Lincoln; died 
 at New York City June 26, 1870. 
 
 Cutting, John Tyler, of San Francisco, Cal., 
 was born at Westport, Essex County, N. Y'., Sep- 
 tember 7, 1844; resided in Wisconsin and Illinois 
 1855-1860 and educated in the latter State; enlisted 
 in Tayloi's Chicago Battery at the breaking out of 
 the civil war and served until July 20, 1862; dis- 
 charged for disability, the result of service in the 
 field; reenlisted January 4, 1864, in the Chicago 
 Mercantile Battery, in which he served until the 
 expiration of the war; moved to California in 1877 
 and establisbeil a wholesale fruit and commis.sion 
 business under the title of John T. Cutting & 
 Co.; identified himself with Slate and national 
 
486 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTOKY. 
 
 IMilitii'f; for nine yearx ronnectfil with the national 
 ^•nard of California, lioldiiin thf coniniissionH of 
 lieutenant, major, aiul colonel, and lirifiadier-jren- 
 eml i'onuiian(linn the Second Brigade; retired 
 Kelirnary, 1891, with the nmk of lirijiadier-fieneral; 
 elected to tlie Kifty-second Conjirefs as a Repub- 
 lican. 
 
 Cutts, Charles, was horn in JIassachusetts in 
 17t>!l; ^'raduate<l from Harvard Collejie in 1790; 
 studied law ami admitted to the har; meinl)er of I 
 the New Hampshire house of representatives in 
 1S(V}, servinj; as speaker; elected Senator from New 
 Hampshire in place of Nahnm I'arUer, resifined, 
 servini: from Hecendier 15, ISld, In March I), ISIH; 
 subsequently ap|>ointed Senator to till a vacancy 
 during a recess of the lejiislature, servinj; from [ 
 May IM, 1813, to ,lune 21, ISbS, when his successor | 
 took his seat; chosen Secretary of tlu' I'nited States 
 Senate. servin>r from October 11, 1814, to I)ecend)er 
 12, ISl'S; died in Fairfax Countv, Va.. .lanuarv '-'">, 
 184(1. 
 
 Cutts, Madison E., of Oskaloosa, Iowa, was 
 born at (irwcll, .\ddison County, Vt., May '2'2, 
 18:!:>; received an academic education; moved to 
 Iowa in June, 185.5; prosecuting; attorney of I'owe- 
 shiek County from Au<;nst 2.'> to .lamiary. bs.'iil; 
 mendier of the State house of representatives at 
 Ihee.'ctra session in May, 18iil; State senator from 
 .lauuary. 18(i4, until he resigned in Aui;ust, 1.8»i6; 
 member of the State liouseof representatives from 
 ,lanuary, 1S70, until .lanuary, 1872; attorney- 
 <;eneral of the State of Iowa from February, 1872, 
 until .lauuary, 1877; elected to the Korty-seventh 
 Conjrress as a Kepuhlican; his seat was contested 
 by ,1. C. Cook, and on March ^^. 188:!, Mr. Cook 
 was declared elcctid; elected to the Forty-eit;hlh 
 Coni;ress, Ijut died before takinj; his seat. 
 
 Cutts, Richard, was born at Cutts Island, Saeo, 
 Ma.ss.i now Maine), ,Iune 22, 1771 ; <;raduated from 
 Ilarvanl Collide in 1790; stmlied law; enjraf;ed in 
 eonunercial |iursuits; member of the State house 
 of representatives 1799 and 1800; elected a Xiep- 
 resentative fmm Ma.-^sachu.<etts to the Seventli, 
 KiRhth, Ninth, Tenth, Klevcnih, and Twelfth Con- 
 ^rres.ses as a Democrat; defeated for the Thirteenth 
 t'oiiiiress; appointed superintendent-;;eneral of nnl- 
 ilarv supplies Mardi 4, 18l:{, which otiice he held 
 until March 3, 1817, when he wasap|K>inteil Second 
 ComptrolIerofthcTreasury. which position he held 
 until 1S2*J; died at \Vasriini;ton. 1). C, Ai)ril 7, 
 184.5. 
 
 Daggett, David, was bnru at .\ttIeboro, Mass., 
 licccndier :il, I7(>4; t;raduate(l from Yale Collepe 
 in 17s:l; studied law and counnenced practice at 
 New Haven; ineudierof the State Ie';islature for 
 several years; Presidential elector in l.'^O."), voting 
 for ChaVles C. I'inckney, in 1809 votin>; a};aiu 
 for Charles C. Pinckney, and in I8l;l votinj; for 
 I)e Witt Clinton; eleftinl a I'niteil States Senator 
 from Connecticut as a Federalist, in place of 
 Chauneev (ioodrich, resi<;ne<l, servinji from Mav 
 24, 18i:i,"tfl March :i, 1819. 
 
 Daggett, RoUin M., of Virginia Citv, Nev., 
 was born at Kichvillc, N. Y., in 18:jl; his father 
 moved to northwestern ( »hio in 1887; eilucated at 
 Pelianee. Ohio, when- he Iearne<I the printing 
 business; eros.-H-d the Plains on foot to the Pacific 
 coast in 1S49, supporting; himself with his rille; 
 folldwiilminint; until 18.52, and in that vear started 
 the Ooldeii I'.ra at San Francisco; witli others es- 
 tablished the San Francisi-o Mirror in 1.8(i0; turned 
 it into a Kepublican jnurnal at the brcakinn out 
 of the reljellloii; united it with the San Francisco 
 
 Herald; moved to Nevada in 1802 and settled at 
 Virtrinia City; elected a mendier of the Territorial 
 council in 1.80.'!; became connected, editoriallv, in 
 I8ii4 with the Territorial Knterprise; Republican 
 Presidential elector in 187<>, and mes.sentter to 
 Washinu'lon; elected to the Forty-sixth Colipress 
 as a Ucpulilican. 
 
 Dahle, Herman B., of Mount Horeb, Wis., 
 was born Manh riO, 18.55, at Perry, Dane County, 
 Wis.; educated in thedistrict schools and at Wis- 
 consin .state University; moved to .Nbiunt Vernon, 
 Wis., eiit;a(;iri^ in ^lencral mercantile business; 
 move<l to Mount Horeb in 1N87 and established 
 the tirm of Hahle P.roihcrs; partner in the Mount 
 Horeb Bank; elected to the Fifty-si.xtli and Fifty- 
 seventh Congresses as a Reimbliean. 
 
 Daily, Samuel G., was born in Indiana in 
 1819; eilucati'il in the public schools; inoveii to 
 Nebraska Territory anil .M-tlleil at Peru; elected a 
 Oele>;ate from Nebraska to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
 f;re.«s as a Kepublican, leceivinf; (as the Mouse 
 deci<led 1 2,790 votes against 2,<>71 votes for ICstii- 
 brook, Democrat, who received the certificate of 
 election; reelected to the Thirtv-seventh and 
 Thirty-eijihth Conj;res.ses; receiveil the appoint- 
 ment of deputy collectorof cust<imsat New Orleans 
 at the special reipiest of President Lincoln, which 
 )>osition he held until his deatli. at New Orleans, 
 Septendier 14, 1865. 
 
 Dallas, George Mifflin, was born at Philadel- 
 phia, Pa., .luly 10, 1792; .rraduateil from Princeton 
 Colle^'c in 1810; studied law and admitted to 
 practice; i>rivate secretary to .\lbert (iallatiii, 
 minister to Rus.-ia; appi>iiiit'<l deputy attorney- 
 fXeneral at Philadelphia in 1817; mayor of Phila- 
 delphia in bS2n; Inited States ilistriit attorney 
 for the eastern district of Pemisylvania 1829-18111; 
 elected United States Senator from Pennsylvania 
 as a Democrat (to till the vacancy cau.sed by the 
 resifrnation of I. D. Barnard ), serving from Decem- 
 ber 15. 18:11, to March 2, ]KV.i: dwlined a reele<-- 
 tion and resumed the practice of law; a])]iointed 
 bv President Van Buren ndnister to Russia, serv- 
 iiis; from March 7, 18:17, to .July 29, 18:!9; elected 
 Vice-President on the Polk ticket in 1S44, receiv- 
 ing; 170 electoral votes aj;ainst 105 elei'tond votes 
 for T. Frelinf;huysen, Whij;; appointeil minister 
 to Oreat Britain by President Piertv, servinj; 
 from February 4, 18.5t), to Mav Hi. 1,81)1; returned 
 to Philadel|ihia, where hedieil DecendierJll, 1864, 
 
 Dalton, Tristam, was born at Newburyport, 
 Ma.-'s., May 28, 17:i8; graduated from Harvard Col- 
 lege in 17(iO; studied law; admitted to practi<'e but 
 enj;at;ed in mercantile inirsuits; delef;ate from Mai?- 
 sachusetts in the convention of committtH'S of New 
 F,n;;land States which first met at Providence, R. I., 
 Decendver 25, 1770; one of the first Unitixl States 
 Senators from Mas-saihusetts, serviu); from .April 
 14, K.'^O, to March :!, 1791; havint; met with heavy 
 los.ses in Ijusiness, accepted the surveyorship of the 
 port of Boston, s«'r\'inj; from November 10, 1814, 
 until his death, at Boston, May :«), b"^17. 
 
 Daly, William D., of Hoboken, N. J., was born 
 at .Icrsey Citv, N. .1., ,l\me 4, 1,851; lawyer by pn>- 
 fe.ssion; moliler by trade; lussislant United States 
 ilisfrict attorney for New .lersey 18,>v5-l,888; alter- 
 nate <lelepite to the Democratic national conven- 
 tion in 1888; eliH'ted to the house of a.s.sembly in 
 1.889; jud>;e of the district c.iurt of Holx>ken; nv 
 siv'ued as jiidjie in 1892; elccteil a Stale senator il) 
 l.S92and 1.S95; delepite to the Democratic national 
 eon vent ions of 1.892 and l.s9i>; chairman of the Slate 
 IVmoinitic convention iu 1896, and member of the 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 487 
 
 State committee 1896-1898; elected to the Fifty- 
 sixth Congress as a Democrat; died July 31, 1900. 
 
 Dalzell, John, of Pittsbur;;, Pa., was born at 
 New York City April 19, 184.5; moved to Pitts- 
 burg in 1847; received a coininon sctiool and col- 
 legiate education, gradiuitin;^' from Yale Ccjllege in 
 the class of 1865; studied law, admitted to the bar 
 in February, 1867, and ]iracticed his profession; 
 elected to the Fiftieth, Fifty-first, Fiftv-second, 
 Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-tifth, Fifty-sixth, 
 Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a 
 Republican. 
 
 Damrell, William S. , was born at Portsmouth, 
 N. H., November 20, 1809; received his education 
 in the iniblic schools; learned the art of printing 
 and became the ]iroprietor of a large printing 
 establishment at Boston; elected a Representative 
 from Massachusetts to the Thirty-fourth Congress 
 as an American, and reelected to the Thirty-fifth 
 Congress; partially paralyzed Ix'fore the expira- 
 tion of his term; died at Dedhani, Mass., Mav 17, 
 1860. 
 
 Dana, Amasa, a resident of Ithaca, N. Y., was 
 a member of the State house of representatives 
 1828-29; elected a Representati\'e from New Yorlt 
 to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-eighth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Dana, Francis, was born at Charlestown, 
 Mass., June 13, 1743; graduated from Harvard 
 College in 1762; studied law, admitted to the 
 bar in 1767, and commenced practice in Boston; 
 Delegate to the Provincial Congress in 1774; State 
 councilor 1776-1780; Delegate to the Continental 
 Congress from INIassachusetts 1776-1778 and 1784; 
 secretary of legation at London from September 
 28, 1779, until December 19, 1780, when he was j 
 appointed minister to Russia; recommis.sioned sec- ; 
 retary of legation at London June bl, 1781; judge ' 
 of the supreme court of Massachusetts 178.5-1792; 
 member of the State convention whii'h adopted ' 
 the Federal Constitution in 1788; a founder of the 
 American Academv of Arts and Sciences; died at 
 Cambridge, Mass.," April 2.5, 1811. 
 
 Dana, Judah, was born at Pomfret, Conn., 
 April 2.5, 1772; gradviated from Dartmouth College 
 in 1795; studied law and afterwards ]iracticed at 
 Fryeburg, Mass. (afterwards ]\Iaine), in 1798; 
 county attorney of Oxford County lSO.5-1811, and 
 judge of probate 1811-1822; judge of the circuit 
 court of common pleas 1811-1823; delegate to the 
 convention which framed the constitution of Maine 
 in 1819; member of the executive council in 18:i4; 
 appointed a United States Senator from Maine as 
 a Democrat (in place of Kther Shepley, resigned), 
 serving from December 21, 1836, to Mai-ch 3, 1837; 
 died at Fryeburg, Me., December 27, 1845. 
 
 Dana, Samuel, was born at (Troton, Mass., 
 June 26, 1767; studied law and afterwards prac- 
 ticed at Charlestown, jSIass.; held several local 
 offices; elected a Representative from Massachu- 
 setts to the Thirteenth Congress (in place of Wil- 
 liam JI. Richardson, resigned), serving from 
 September 22, 1814, to March 3, 1815; member of 
 the State senate, and its president; appointed chief 
 justice of the court of common pleas; died at 
 Charlestown, Mass., November 20, 1835. 
 
 Dana, Samuel Whittlesey, was born at New 
 Haven, Conn., July, 1757; graduated from Yale 
 College in 1775; elected a Representative from Con- 
 necticut to the Fourth Congress as a Federalist (in 
 place of Uriah Tracy, resigned) ; reelecte<l to the 
 Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth 
 
 Congresses; reelected to the Eleventh Congress, 
 but before taking his seat was elected United States 
 Senator from Connecticut as a Federalist (in place 
 of James Hillhouse, resigned), and again elected 
 in 1815; afterwards mayor of Middletown, Conn., 
 where he died July 21, 18.30. 
 
 Dane, Joseph, was born at Beverly, Essex 
 County, Mass., October 25, 1778; graduated from 
 Harvard College in 1799; studied law and ad- 
 mitted to the l:)ar; began the practice of his pro- 
 fession at Kennebunk, Me.; delegate to the State 
 constitutional conventions of 1816 and 1819; 
 elected a Representative from Maine to the Six- 
 teenth Congress (to fill a vacancy caused by the 
 resignation of John Holmes, who had been elected 
 to the United States Senate) as a Federalist; re- 
 elected to the Seventeenth Congress; member of 
 the State house of representatives 1823-1828, and 
 of the State senate 1829; declined to serve as exec- 
 utive councilor of Maine in 1841; died at Kenne- 
 bunk, :\re.. May 1, 1858. 
 
 Dane, Nathan, was born at Ipswich, Mass., in 
 1752; graduated from Harvard College in 1799; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar; began prac- 
 ticing at Beverly, Mass.; member of the State 
 house of representatives 1782-1785; Delegate from 
 Massachusetts to the Continental Congress 1785- 
 1788; member of the State seiuite 1790, 1794, 
 1796-1798; commissioner to codify the laws of 
 Massachusetts in 1795, and again in 1812; member 
 of the Hartford convention in 1814; elected a del- 
 egate to the State constitutional convention in 1820, 
 but on account of his deafness declined to serve; 
 died at Beverh', Mass., February 15, 1835. 
 
 Danford, Lorenzo, of St. Clairsville, Ohio, 
 was born in Belmont County, Ohio, October 18, 
 1829; lived on a farm; received a common school 
 education and attended a college at Waynesburg, 
 Pa., two years; admitted to the bar at St. Clairs- 
 ville, Ohio, in September, 1854; prosecuting attor- 
 ney of Belmont County from 1857 to 1861, when 
 he resigned and went into the Union Army, in 
 the Fifteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, in April 
 of that year, and served as jirivate, lieutenant, and 
 captain until August, 1.S64; Reiiublican member 
 of the electoral college of Ohio in 1864 and in 1892; 
 elected to the Fortv-third, Fortv-fourth, Fortv- 
 fifth. Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, and'Fifty-sixth Con- 
 gresses, but died June 19, 1899. 
 
 Daniel, Henry, was born in Virginia in 1793; 
 educated in the public schools; moved to Ken- 
 tucky, where he studied law and afterwards ]irac- 
 ticed at Mount Sterling; mend.ier of the State hou.se 
 of representatives in 1812; served in the war 
 against Great Britain as captain of the Twenty- 
 eighth U. S. Infantry 1813-1815; again a member 
 of the State house of representatives in 1819 and 
 1826; elected a Representative from Kentucky to 
 the Twentieth Congress as a Jackson Democrat; 
 reelected to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second 
 Congresses; died at Mount Sterlius, Kv., October 
 5, 1S73. 
 
 Daniel, John Reeves Jones, was born in 
 Halifax County, N. C. ; in 1821 graduated from 
 the University of North Carolina; studied law and 
 afterwards practiced with great success; niend)er 
 of the house of commons of North Carolina is:il- 
 1834; elected attorney-general in 18:!4; elected a 
 Representative from North Carolina to the Twenty- 
 seventh, Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, 
 Thirty-first, and Thirty-second Congresses as a 
 Democrat; after his retirement from Congress 
 moveil to Louisiana. 
 
488 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 Daniel, John Warwick, of I.yiichlmin, ("aiiip- 
 l>fll Cuiiiily, Va., \v:is Ikum llu'H'S('|iti-iiilicr5, 1S41.'; 
 attoiiili'd piivali- si-lmnl!', Lyn<-lilinrn Collcp-, and 
 Dr. ( it's-sncr Ilarrisdii's rnivcrsily ScIkioI; ciitiTi'd 
 (^mf(•(l^'rat^' army in May, l.H(il, a." second lieuten- 
 ant in the Provisional Army of Virt;inia and 
 drillniaster in Twenty-seventli Virginia Infantry, 
 "Stonewall Hrij;aile;" In'rame seeond lientenant 
 Coninany A, Kleventli Virjjiiiia Infantry, also 
 lirst lientenant an<l adjntant of same rejjinient; 
 wounded in tirst liattle of Manassas and at 
 Boonslxiro, Md.; raised aeonipany of eavalry an<l 
 elected captain in 1S(^J, but conscri|ition act of 
 Confederate Contrress remanded otlicers ami men 
 to their ol<l resjimcnts; major and cliief of staff of 
 (len. Julial A. Early until crippled in the Wilder- 
 ness, May (i, l>S(i4; studied law at University of 
 Virjjinia lS()n-«;ii, and jiracticed with his father, 
 the late.Iudire William Daniel, jr., until his death 
 in l.ST.!; 1,1,. D. of Washin;:tou and l.ee I'niver- 
 sityaml of Michigan I'niversity; author of Daniel 
 on .\ttachmcnts and Daniel on Xej;otiable Instru- 
 ments; niemher of Virginia house of delcjrates 
 lHt)9 to 1872; niendu-r of State senate from 1S7.5 to 
 18,><I; Democratii; elector in ISTii, and dclejiate at 
 lar^e to national Democratic conventions of I8S0, 
 
 ISSS, 1,S!C', 1S!H), and I!IOO; Dt icratic nominee 
 
 for (jovernor in ISSl, and defeated by William K. 
 Cameron, Keadjnster; elected t<j House of Kep- 
 resentative.s of Forty-ninth Congress in 1884; 
 elected to United States Senate to succeed William 
 Mahone, and took his .seat .March 4, 18S7; miani- 
 inouslv reelected in December, 18ill, and Decem- 
 ber, 1.897. 
 
 Dauiell, Warren Fisher, of Franklin, X. II.. 
 was born at Xewton Lower Falls, Mass., .lune L'(j, 
 182(i; moved to Franklin, X. II., with his |)arents 
 in 1834; educated in the cuminon schools; entered 
 his father's ])apermill; memberof the State house 
 of representatives si.x and of the State senate two 
 years; elected to the Fifty-second Congress as a 
 Deino(^rat. 
 
 Daniels, Charles, of Buffalo. X. Y., was lx)rn 
 at Xew York Citv in 1.S28; read law and admit- 
 ted to the bar; elected to the siijireme court in 
 180,3; appointed by (iovernor Seymour to hold 
 the otiice of justice of that court until .lauuary 1, 
 18t>4, when the term to which he had been elected 
 commenced; twice reelected and held the otlio- 
 until December, 1891; elected to the Fifty-third 
 and Fiftv-fonrth Coiifjresses asa Republican; died 
 at Buffalo, X. Y., December 20, 1897. 
 
 Danuer, Joel B., a ri'sidentof (iettysburn. Pa., 
 was elected a Representative from that State to 
 the Thirty-lirst Con-jress its a Whig (in place of 
 llenrv Xes, deceased), serving from Decondier 2, 
 18.^0, ■t< I March li, 18.=il. 
 
 Darby, Ezra, was born in New Jersey in 1769; 
 elected a Representative from New Jersey to the 
 Ninth ami Tenth ('ongres.ses, serving until his 
 death at Washington City, January 28, 1808. 
 
 Darby, John Fletcher, was Ixirn in Person 
 County, X. ('., Decendier 10, 1S(K; educated in 
 the public schools; inove<l with his lather to Mis- 
 souri in 1818, where he worked on a farm; went 
 to Frankfort, Ky., in 182o, where he studied law, 
 and afterwards |>niiticeil at St. I»uis, Mo.; mem- 
 Ijer of the Stale senate; mayor of St. I,ouis four 
 terms; elected a Representative from Mi.s.souri to 
 the Thirty-sec(md Coiigre,ss as a Whig. 
 
 Dar^an, Edward S. . was born in North Caro- 
 limi; educated in the public .schools; movcil to 
 Wa.shington, Ala., when- he studied law and after- 
 
 Dargan, Georg-e W., of Darlington, i^. C., was 
 born in Darlington County, i^. ('., in 1.S4I; edu- 
 cated at the academies of his native county and 
 at the State Military .Vcademy; ailmitted to the 
 bar in 1872; elected as a Democrat to the State 
 legislature without opposition in 1877; elected 
 solicitor of the fourth judicial ( ircnit ol South 
 Carolina without opposition in 18.80; eli'cted to 
 the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, ami Filty- 
 lirst Congres-ses as a Democrat; died June 29, 1898. 
 
 Darling, Iffiason C, was born at Bellingham, 
 Ma.ss.. May is, ISOI; rc-ceived his education in the 
 public schools; taught school in the Stati" of Xew 
 York; studicil medicine, graduated from the Berk- 
 shire Medical College in 1824, and afterwanls prac- 
 ticed for thirteen years; movecl to Wisconsin in 
 I8:i7 and was one of the original settlers at Fond 
 du Lac, serving as its tii-st mayor; member of the 
 Territorial legislature for several years; elected 
 one of the first Representatives from Wisconsin to 
 the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, serving 
 from .luiie 9, 1S4S, to Mar<>h .S, 1849. 
 
 Darling, William A., was born at Xewark, 
 X. J., December 17, 1817; educated in the public 
 schools; moved to Xew York, where he was clerk 
 in a store, ami afterwards iK'came a merchant; 
 connected with the Seventh Regiment Xatioiial 
 (iuard for many years; deputy receiver of taxes 
 for the city of X'e'w York 1847-18.54; Presidential 
 ele<'tor on the Liiuoln ticket in 18t)0; elected a 
 Representaive from Xew York to the Thirty-ninth 
 Congress as a Republican; defeated for tlu> For- 
 tieth Congress. 
 
 Darlington, Edward, was born in Chester 
 County, Pu. : elected a Representative from Penn- 
 sylvania to the Twenty-third Congre.ss as a Whig; 
 reelected to the Twenty-fourth Congress as an 
 anti-Ma.son; electe<l to the Twenty-lifth Congress. 
 
 Darlington, Isaac, was born at Westtown, 
 Chester County. I'a., December l.S, 1781; educated 
 in the public .schools; workeil in his father's black- 
 smith shop; studied law and afterwards practiced 
 at Westtown; memU'r of the State house of rej)- 
 re.sentatives in 1.807; lieutenant of I'ennsylvania 
 volunteers in the war of 1812; elected a Repriveiit- 
 ative from Pennsylvania to the Fiftieiith Congresji; 
 appointed deputy attorney-general for Chester 
 County in 1820; appointeii president-judge of the 
 Chester County court in 1821, which position he 
 hel<l until his death, at We.-ttown, .\i)ril 27. I.8:«t. 
 
 Darlington, Smedley, of Westchester. Pa., 
 was born in Poco|>s<)n Township, Chester County, 
 Pa., .lanuary 24, 1827; eilucated in the common 
 schools and in the Friends Central .S<-hool, Phila- 
 delphia; teacher in the latter school for several 
 years; while ]>reaching he made stenographic re- 
 ]iorts of sermons, lectures, ami speeches for the 
 morning dailies of I'hiladelphia; established a 
 .-chool for boys in F.rcildonu in 18.'>1, which he 
 conilncted for three years; i-hangi'd the school for 
 girls and preside<l over it for nine years; engage<l 
 extensively in organizing oil coiniuinius and iu 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 489 
 
 boring oil wells in 1862; elected a Representative 
 to the Fiftieth and Fifty-firist Congresses as a Ke- 
 puhlican; died Jnne 24, 1899. 
 
 Darlington, William, was born at Birming- 
 ham, Chester Connty, Pa., April 28, 1782; sjient 
 his early life on a farm, and became a botanist at 
 an early age; stndied medicine, and in 1824 re- 
 ceived the degree of M. D. from the University of 
 Pennsylvania; went to the East Indies as surgeon 
 of a ship; returned to "Westchester in 1807 and 
 commenced practice; raised a company of volun- 
 teers at the commencement of the war of 1S12, 
 and was major of a volunteer regiment raised after 
 the burning of the Capitol; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Pennsylvania to the Fourteenth Con- 
 gress, and reelected to the Sixteenth and Seven- 
 teenth Congresses; appointed canal commissioner 
 in 1825; established a natural history society in 
 Westchester in 1826; became noted as a botanist 
 and was made a corresponding member of some 
 forty literary and scientific soi.'ieties in Europe and 
 America; pulilished .several works on botany and 
 natural historv; died at Westchester, Pa., April 
 23, 1863. 
 
 Darragh, Archibald Bard, of St. Louis, Mich., 
 was liorn in Monroe County, Jlich., December 23, 
 1840; received a common school and collegiate 
 education, and graduated from the University of 
 Michigan in the class of 1868; served in the Union 
 Army during the civil war as a private and officer 
 until discharged in 1865; engaged in the business 
 of banking; elected county treasurer in 1872; 
 member of the Michigan legislature in 1882; mem- 
 ber of the board of control of the State asylum; 
 elected a Representative to the Fifty-seventh and 
 Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Repuljlican. 
 
 Darragh, Cornelius, a resident of Pittsburg, 
 Pa., was electe<l a Representative from Pennsyl- 
 vania to the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig ( to 
 till the vacancy caused by the resignation of Wil- 
 liam Wilkins, appointed Secretary of War), and 
 reelected to the Twentv-ninth Congress; died at 
 Pittslnirg, Pa., .Ianuary'20, 1855. 
 
 Darrall, C. B., was born in Somerset County, 
 Pa., June 24, 1842; received a common school 
 education; studied medicine and graduated from 
 the Albany ^ledical College; entered the Union 
 Army as assistant surgeon of the Eighty-sixth 
 New York Volunteers; promoted to be surgeon; 
 resigned from the Army while on duty in Louisi- 
 ana in 1867 and engaged in mercantile pursuits 
 and planting; delegate to the national Republican 
 convention at Philadelphia in 1872, and to the 
 Cincinnati convention in 1876; elected to the State 
 senate of Louisiana in 1868; elected a Representa- 
 tive to the Forty-first, Forty-second, Forty-third, 
 Forty-fourth, Forty-tifth. aiid Forty-seventh Con- 
 gresses as a Republican; after leaving Congress 
 served as register of United States land office. New 
 Orleans, La., and engaged in sugar planting. 
 
 Davee, Thomas, was born at Plymouth, Mass., 
 December 9, 1797; educated in thepubhc schools; 
 moved to Maine, where he engagecl in mercantile 
 business; member of the State senate and house of 
 representatives for several years; high sheriff of 
 Somerset County; postmaster at" P>lanchard; 
 elected a Representative from >Iaine to the 
 Twenty-tifth Congress as a Democrat, and reelected 
 to the Twentv-sixth Congress; died at Blanchard, 
 Me., December 11, 1841. 
 
 Davenport, Franklin, was born in Xew.Tersev; 
 received a liberaleducatinn: studied law, and after- 
 wards jiracticed at Woodbury; served in the New 
 
 Jersey line in the war of the Revolution; appointed 
 judge; appointed a United States Senator from 
 New Jersey (in place of John Rutherfurd, re- 
 signed), serving from December 19, 1798, to 
 March 3, 1799; elected a Representative from New' 
 Jersey to the Sixth Congress. 
 
 Davenport, Ira, of Bath, N. Y., was born at 
 Hornellsville, N. Y., June 28, 1841; elected to 
 the New York State senate 1878-79 and 1880-.S1; 
 elected comptroller of the State of New York in 
 1881 , serving two years; defeated as the Rejiublican 
 candi<late for governor of New York in 1885; 
 elected a Representative to the Forty-ninth and 
 Fiftieth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Davenport, James (brother of John Daven- 
 port), was born at Stamford, Conn., October 12, 
 1758; graduated from Yale College in 1777; served 
 in the Commissary Dejiartinent in the war of the 
 Revolution; judge of the court of common jdeas; 
 elected a Representative from Connecticut to the 
 Fourth Congress (in ]ilace of James Hillhou.se), 
 and reelected to the Fifth Congress, serving until 
 August 3, 1797, when he died at Stamford, Conn. 
 
 Davenport, John, jr. (V)rotherof James Dav- 
 enport), was burn at Stamford, Conn., January 
 16, 1752; graduated from Yale College in 1770; 
 tutor there in 1773-74; studied law and afterwards 
 practiced at Stamford, Conn.; served in the Com- 
 missary Department in the war of the Revolution; 
 elected a Representative from Connecticut as a 
 Federalist to the Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, 
 Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Four- 
 teenth Congresses; died at Stamford, Conn., No- 
 vember 28, 1830. 
 
 Davenport, John, a resident of Barnesville, 
 Ohio; was engaged in mercantile pursuits; mem- 
 lier of the State house of representatives and of the 
 State senate for several years; elected a Repre- 
 resentative from (_)hio to the Twentieth Congress 
 as an Adams man; defeated for the Twenty-first 
 Congress; twice elected by the legislature judge of 
 the Monroe judicial circuit; died at Woodstield, 
 Ohio, July 25, 1855. 
 
 Davenport, S. A. , of Erie, Pa. , was born Jan- 
 uary 15, 18.34, in Schuyler County, near Watkins, 
 N. Y.; moved to Erie, Erie County, Pa., in 1839; 
 educated at the Erie.Academy; read law and grad- 
 uated from the Harvard Law School in 1855; 
 elected district attorney for the county of P-rie m 
 1860; delegate to the Republican national conven- 
 tion at Chicago in 1888; one of the delegates at 
 large to the national Republican convention at 
 Minneapolis in 1892; elected to the Fifty-fifth and 
 Fifty-sixth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Davenport, Stanley Woodward, of Plymouth, 
 Pa., was born at Plymouth, Luzerne County, Pa., 
 July 21, 1861; attended the public schools in his 
 native town and Wyoming Seminary: graduated 
 fnim the Wesleyan University, ^liildletown, Conn., 
 in 1884; read law; admitted to the Luzerne Counts- 
 bar in .Tune, 1890; appointed adirectorof the poor 
 of the central poor district of Luzerne County in 
 1893; .secretary and treasurer of the poor district; 
 elected register of wills of Luzerne Count}' in 1893; 
 elected to the Fifty-sixth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Davenport, Thomas, was born in Cumberland 
 County, Va. ; received a liberal education; studied 
 law and afterwards practiced at Meadsville; elected 
 a Representative from Virginia to the Nineteenth 
 Congress as a Federalist; reelected to the Twen- 
 tieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty- 
 
490 
 
 rONORKSSlONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 tliiiil ('ntii:rpssi's withmit opiiositinn; clol'catod for 
 tin- T« out v-fimrth l'()n};re.»s; <lie(l ncsir Mt-iulsvilli', 
 Vii., November 1«, 1S.SH. 
 
 Davey, Robert Charles, of N'ow Orleans, ha., 
 was horn in tliat rity OctoKer L'L'. lS5:i: ri'ceiveii his 
 early eiliiratioii in ihe m-IiooIs of his native eity; 
 entered St. \'ineeiit's C'ollep", ('ape (iinirdeaii, 
 Mo., in lS(i!i, anil jrradiiatt'd in 1S71; eleeted a 
 meinlierol the State senate in 1K7(I, 1884, and 18112: 
 presiileiit iiro tein))ore of the .senate (hiring tlie 
 sessions of 1.><84-I,8,8t); eleeted judj^'e of the first re- 
 eorder's eonrt, Novendier, l.S,S()-KSSL', ami .\pril, 
 18S4, serving until May, l.S,S8; defeated for niavor 
 ■ if N,\v Orleans in .\|iril, IS.s.S; elected to the Kifty- 
 tliinl Congress; deelined renoniinatioii for the 
 Fifty-fourth t'on^jress; eleeted to the Fifty-fifth, 
 Fifty-sixth, Fifty-.seventh, and Fifty-eijilitii C"on- 
 irres.ses a.s a Democrat. 
 
 Davidson, A. C, of I'nioiitown, .\la., was horn 
 in Meeklenhur-; County, N. C, Ueeemher lid, 1821); 
 educated in the jiulilic schools of Marenjjo County, 
 Ala., and at tlu' I'niversity of Alabama, wliere he 
 graduated ,Iuly 11, 1S4S; stuilied law, but never 
 practi<'eil; cotton planter: member of the State 
 house of representatives of .Mabama 18.S0-81, and 
 of the State senate 1s.sl>, 188:!. 18S4, and l.S.S.i; 
 elected to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Coufrresses 
 as a Democrat; <lie<l NovemlK'r (i, 1897. 
 
 Davidson, George Mosby, of Stanford, Ky., 
 was born at Stanfonl, Lincoln County, Ky., March 
 2U, 18.511; educated in the common schools, Stan- 
 ford .\cademv, and jirivate school of Prof. .1. H. 
 Meyers; studied law, and admitted to the bar in 
 187!'; appointed to the internal-revenue service 
 in 1881, serving until 188.t; appointed master of 
 chancery, or commissioner, of the Lincoln circuit 
 court in 188(1 and resigned in 1.8<)M; elected to the 
 legislature from Lincoln County as a Republican 
 in 1887. serving on the committees of revenue 
 and taxation, civil codes, and general statutes; 
 Republican candidate fori'leitor in 1888 and 1892: 
 elected juilge of the Lincoln County court in 1.894: 
 chairman of the Lincoln County Ke|iublican com- 
 mitti'e: elected to the Fifty-tiltli Congress as a 
 Republican; claimed to have been elected to the 
 Fifty-sixth Congress, but was not given the seat; 
 after retirement from Congress resumed the prac- 
 tice of law at Stanford. Ky. 
 
 Davidson, James Henry, of Oshkosh. Wis., 
 was born .Ivme 18, 1.8.'i8, at Colchester, Delaware 
 County, N. Y.; received a common school eiluea- 
 tion in the public schools aiul at Walton, N. Y., 
 Academy; teacher in the public schools of Dela- 
 ware and Sullivan counties, X. Y., and I'rinceton, 
 Oreen Lake County, Wis.; began the stmly of law 
 at Walton, N. Y.: president of his cla.ss anil grail- 
 uated from the Albany Law School in 18,84; moved 
 to (ireen Lake County. Wis., ami connnenced the 
 practiieof law at I'rinceton, in that county, in 1887; 
 electeil district attoriu'V of (ireen Lake County in 
 1888: cliairman of the Heoublican Congressional 
 committee for the Sixth ilistrict of Wisconsin in 
 1890; moved to Oshkosh, Wis., .lannary 1, 1892, 
 and in-catne a nKMuber of the law firm of Thomp- 
 son, IIar>liaw it Davidson: witlnlrew and contin- 
 ue<l the ]ir.ictice alone; appointed city attorney in 
 May. l.S9.'i, for two years; electeil to till' Filtv-tifth, 
 Fifty-sixth. Fifty-w^vetith, and Fifty-eighth Con- 
 gressies lus a Hepublican. 
 
 Davidson, Robert H. M., of liuincy, Fla., 
 was Ixirn in Oadsden County, Fla., Sepli'inber 2:^, 
 18:{2; received an acadi-mic education at (^lincy: 
 studied law at the fniversitv of Virginia: memt>er 
 
 of the State house of representative.'! of Florifla in 
 18.")tl- 18.59; elected to the State senate in 18(1(1! 
 retired from the Stale senate in 18(52, and enfeied 
 the Confederate army as cajitaiu of infantry; re- 
 ceived a wonnil, -May 28, I8(>4, which rendered 
 him unable to do further military service; mem- 
 ber of the constitutional convention in 18(>.t: can- 
 didate forelcctoron the ( ireeley and l?rown ticket 
 in 1872: elected to the I'orty-lii'ih and Forty-sixth 
 Congresses as a Conservative Democrat; reelected 
 to the Forty-seventh, l''orty-eighth. Forty-ninth, 
 Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Cougreeses. 
 
 Davidson, Thomas G., wa.s born in .leffervnn 
 Comity, Miss., .\ugust (i, l.M>.">; reieived a liberal 
 education; studied law, and commenced practice 
 at Baton Rouge, Iji. ; mendier of the State hou.se 
 of representatives 18:W-184(1: elected a Representa- 
 tive from Louisiana to the Thirty-fourth Congress 
 as a Democrat; reelected to the Thirty-lifth and 
 Thirty-sixth Congresses; died on his farm in Liv- 
 ingston Parish, La., September 11, 188:1 
 
 Davidson, William, was born in Mecklenburg 
 County. N". ('.. Sept< luber 12, 1778; received alib- 
 eral education: planter; mend >er of the State senate 
 181S-1817; elected a Representative from North 
 Carolina to the Fifteenth Congress (in place of 
 Daniel M. Forney, resigneil) as a Federalist; re- 
 elected to the Sixteenth Congress; defeated for t he 
 Seventeenth Congress; died at Charlotte, N. C, 
 September 1(1, 18."i7. 
 
 Davies, Edward, wa-s born in Pennsylvania; 
 resided at Churchtown; electe<l a Representiitive 
 from Pennsylvania to the Twenty-fifth and 
 Twenty-sixth Congresses a.s a Whig. 
 
 Davis, Amos (brother of (iarrett Davis), wa.s 
 born at Mount Sterling, Ky.; received a lil)eral 
 education: studied law and practiced at Mount 
 Sterling: member of the Stale house of representa- 
 tives 1819, 1,82.">, 1827, and 1828; ele<ted a Kei.resen- 
 tative from Kentucky tothe Twenty-third Congress 
 as a Whig; candidate for reelection, and while 
 speaking at Owingsville, Ky., wa.s taken ill and 
 died in a few hours. .June .5, 183.5. 
 
 Davis, Cushman Kellogg', of St. Paul, Minn., 
 was born at Henderson, Jefferson County, N. Y., 
 .lune 16, 1838; received a connnon school and col- 
 legiate education, graduating from the I'niversity 
 of Michiiian in.lunc, 1.^.57; lawyer; tirst lieutenant 
 in the Twenty-eighth Wisconsin Infantry 1.8(12- 
 18(14; memt)er of the Mimie.sota legislature in 
 1807; United States district attorney for Minne-«ota 
 1868-1873; governor of Minnesota 1874-1875; 
 elected tothe I'nited StatesSi-nateasa Repidilican 
 to succeed Hon. S. .1. R. McMillan, and took his 
 seat March 4. 1.S87: twice reelected and served 
 until his death, at St. Paul. Minn., NovendH>r 27, 
 19(1(1; mendier of the connnission which met at 
 Paris, France, Septend)er, 1898, to arrange terms 
 of jieace lH>tween the UnittMl Stales and Spain; 
 died at St. Paid, .Minn., NovendxT 27, 190(). 
 
 Davis, David, of Hloomington, III., was born 
 in Cecil County, .Md., March 9, ;81.5; n'ceivtil a 
 classical education, graduating from Kenyon Col- 
 lege, Ohio, in I8:i2: sludied law at Lenox, .Mass.. 
 and the law school at New Haven: adnntteil to 
 the bar ami commence<l practice in Illinois in the 
 fall <if b8.'>.5; located at Bloonungtoii in 18:!(i: 
 memlMT of the !»tale house of representatives in 
 1844: delegate to the Stale constitutional lonven- 
 fion in 1,847; elected in 1n48 a judge of one of the 
 Illinois ciniiit courts, and held the otiice by rr- 
 pealed elections until he resigned it in OcIoIht, 
 18(12, delegate to the national Republican conven- 
 
BIOaRAPHIES. 
 
 491 
 
 tioii at Chicago in 1860; appointed by President 
 Lincoln a judfre of the Supreme Court of the 
 United States in October, 1862, and served until 
 March, 1877, when lie resigned to take his seat as 
 United States Senator from Illinois, having been 
 elected the previous January, by the votes of Inde- 
 pendents and Democrats, to succeed John A. Logan, 
 Republican; elected President of the Senate pro 
 tempore October 13, 1881; served until March 3, 
 1883; died at Bloomington, 111., June 1'6, 18S6. 
 
 Davis, Garrett, was born at ]\Iount Sterling, 
 Ky., September 10, 1801; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; employed in the office of the county clerk of 
 Montgomery County and afterwards of Bourbon 
 County; studied law, an<i afterwards practiced at 
 Paris, Ky.; member of the State house of rej^re- 
 sentatives 1833-1835; elected a Representative 
 from Kentuck\' to the Twenty-sixth Congress as a 
 Whig; reelected to the Twenty-seventh, Twenty- 
 eighth, and Twenty-ninth Congresses; declined 
 reelection and resumed his jirofessional and agri- 
 cultural avocations; declined the nomination for 
 lieutenant-governor on the ticket headed by 
 John J. Crittenden in 1848; delegate to the State 
 constitutional convention in 1S49; elected United 
 States Senator as an old-line Whig (to succeed 
 John C. Breckinridge), and reelected, defeating 
 B. F. Bristow, serving from December 3, 1861, 
 until his death at Paris, Ky., September 22, 1872. 
 
 Davis, George K. , of Chicago, 111., was born 
 
 at Three Rivers, Palmer County, Mass., January 3, 
 1840; received a public sciiool education, also com- 
 pleted a classical course at \\'illiston Seminary, East 
 Hampton, Mass., graduating in 1860; studied law; 
 entered the service in July, 1862, and was an offi- 
 cer in the Union Army during the war, holding the 
 position of captain in the Eighth JIassachnsetts Vol- 
 unteer Infantry and that of major of the Third 
 Rhode Island Cavalry; engaged in Imsiness in Chi- 
 cago as a manufacturer and as an insurance anil 
 financial agent; Rei:)ublican nominee for the Forty- 
 fifth Congress; elected to the Forty-sixth Congress 
 asaRepublican; reelected to the Forty-seventh and 
 Forty-eighth Congresses; nominated by acclama- 
 tion August 30, 1884, and again October 28, but 
 declined both nominations; treasurer of Cook 
 County, 111., 1886-1890; director-general of World's 
 Columbian Exposition 1893; died at Chicago, 111., 
 November 25, 1899. 
 
 Davis, George T., was born at Sandwich, 
 Mass., January 12, 1810; graduated from Harvard 
 College in 1829; studied law at Candjridge and at 
 Greenfield, and commenced practice in 1832; es- 
 tablished the Franklin Mercury in 1833, and con- 
 ducted it with ability until he sold it in 1836; 
 member of the State house of representatives one 
 year and of the State senate for two years; elected 
 a Representative from Massachusetts to the Thirty- 
 second Congress as a Whig; moved to Portland, 
 Me., where he died June 17, 1877. 
 
 Davis, Henry G., of Piedmont, W. Ya., was 
 born in Howard County, Md., November 16, 1823; 
 received a country school education; lived and 
 worked upon a farm until 1843; in the employ of 
 theBaltimore and Ohio Railroad Company for four- 
 teen years; commenced banking and mining coal 
 at Piedmont in 18.58; president of the Piedmont 
 National Bank; engaged in mining and shipping 
 coal, manufacturing lumber, etc. ; elected to the 
 house of delegates of West Virginia in 1865; mem- 
 ber of the national Democratic conventions at 
 New York in lS68and at Baltimore in 1872; elected 
 to the State senate 1868 and 1870; elected to the 
 United States Senate as a Democrat to succeed 
 
 W. T. Willey, Republican ; took his seat March 4, 
 1871; reelected, ser\'ing until March 3, 1883. 
 
 Davis, Henry Winter, was born at Annai)olis, 
 Md., August 16, 1817; graduated from Kenyon 
 College in 1837; studied law at the University of 
 Virginia and connnenced practice at Alexandria; 
 moved to Baltimore in 1850 where he continued 
 practice and also engaged in literary pursuits; 
 elected a Representative from Maryland to the 
 Thirtv-fourth Congress as a Republican and 
 reelected to the Thirty-fifth, Thirty-sixth, ami 
 Thirty-eighth Congresses; died at Baltimore, Md., 
 December 30, 1865. 
 
 Davis, Horace, of San Francisco, Cal. , was born 
 at Worcester, Mass., in 1831; educated in the pub- 
 lic schools of Worcester and graduated from Har- 
 vard University in 1849; studied law in the Dane 
 Law School, but abandoned professional pursuits 
 by reason of failing health; moved to California in 
 1852; engaged in flour milling; elected a Represent- 
 ative to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses 
 as a Repiiljlican; president of Chamber of Com- 
 merce of San Francisco 1883-84, and president of 
 I'niversity of California from 1888 to 1890. 
 
 Davis, Jefferson, was born in Christian County, 
 Ky., June 3, 1808; received a liberal education; 
 appointed a cadet and graduated from West Point in 
 1828; commissioned second lieutenant of the First 
 Infantry July 1, 1828, and promoted first lieuten- 
 ant of the First Dragoons March 4, 1833, serving 
 until June 30, 1835, when he resigned; engaged in 
 cotton jilanting in Warren County, Miss. ; Presiden- 
 tial elector on the Polk and Dallas ticket in 1844; 
 elected a Representative from MississipiJi to the 
 Twenty-ninth Congress asa Democrat, serving until 
 June, 184ti, when he resigned to command the First 
 Regiment of Mississippi Riflemen in the war with 
 Mexico; appointed brigadier-general May 27, 1847, 
 but declined ; appointed United States Senator from 
 Mississippi (in place of Jesse Speight, deceased), 
 and subsequently elected, serving from December 
 6, 1847, to November, 1851, when he resigned; de- 
 feated as a secession candidate for governor in 1 851 ; 
 again elected United States Senator, lint resigned; 
 appointed Secretary of War by I'resident Pierce, 
 serving from March 7, 1853, to March 3, 1857; 
 again elected United States Senator, serving from 
 March 4, 1857, until January 21, 1861, when ho 
 withdrew; chosen President of the Confederate 
 States by the Provisional Congress, and inaugu- 
 rated February 18, 1861; elected President of the 
 Confederate States for six years, and inaugurated 
 February 22, 1862; captured by the LInion troops 
 at Irwinsville, Ga., May 10, 1865; imprisoned two 
 years at Fortress Monroe and then released on 
 bail; died at New Orleans, La., December 6, 1889. 
 
 Davis, John, was born at Northboro, Mass., 
 January 13, 1787; graduated from Yale College in 
 1812; studied law and in 1815 commenced practice 
 at Worcester, Mass. ; elected a Representative from 
 Massachusetts as a Whig to the Nineteenth, Twen- 
 tieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, Twenty-third, 
 and Twenty-fourth Congresses; governor of Jlas- 
 sachnsetts 1834-35; elecl;ed a L^nited States Sena- 
 tor from Massachusetts, serving from December 7, 
 1835, to December, 1840, when lie resigned; again 
 governorof Massachusetts 1840— 11 ; again elected a 
 United States Senator, serving from March 24, 
 1845, to March 3, 1853; died at Worcester, Mass., 
 April 19, 1854. 
 
 Davis, John, was born in Pennsylvania in 1788; 
 moved to Maryland and educated in the public 
 schools; returned to Pennsylvania in 1812 and 
 
492 
 
 CONGRKSSIONAL DIRKCTORY. 
 
 located at « lial is now Davisvillc: oiifraRC'ci in atrri- 
 oulturc anil niiTi-antilo piiivuils; servol as captain 
 in the war of ISl'J; rose to the rank of niajor- 
 ("teneral of niihtia; electe<1 a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Twenty-sixth Conjiress as a 
 Denuurat: a|>i>ointecl collectorol the [lort of I'hila- 
 (lelphia hy rn'siilent I'olk; delefiate to several 
 State ami national HetMocratic conventions: dieii 
 at Davisvillc, I'a., Ai>ril 1, 1S7H. 
 
 Davis, John, of Junction City, Kans., was Imrn 
 in Sangamon Connty, 111., August 0, lS2(i: from 
 the farm, at 120, entereil Sprinfitielil Academy, jire- 
 paratory to a course in Illinois Collejre, at .lack- 
 sonvillc; opened a farm in Mai-on County in IS'iO, 
 and followed afiricultural pursuits for twenty-two 
 years in Illinois; actively favored (ioverninent 
 endowment of ajrricultnral colleges and took a 
 leadiufT part in the antislavery movement: en- 
 gaged in larmiugagain in ISTL'in Kansas; president, 
 in 1878, of the lirst distinctive farmers' organization 
 of Kansas; elected to the Kifty-second Congress as 
 a candidate of the People's I'arty; reelected to the 
 Fiftv-third Congress; devoted his time to literary 
 work: died August 1'. litOl. 
 
 Davis, John G. , was born in Fleming County, 
 Kv., (tctolier Id, ISIO; educated in the juililic 
 schools; farmer and stock raiser: niove<l to Rock- 
 ville, Ind.; sheriff of Parke Connty lS:it)-:{l; 
 clerk of the sujierior and inferior courts of Parke 
 County lS8;i-lS5l; elected a Representative from 
 Indiana to the Thirty-secoiul Congress as a Demo- 
 crat: reelected to the Thirty-third and Thirty- 
 tifth Congresses an<l to the Thirty-sixth Congress 
 as an anti-Lecomptoii Democrat; died at Terre 
 Haute, Ind.. .lanuary 18, IWiti. 
 
 Davis, John J., was born at Clarksburg, W. 
 Va., May 1, l.'<;f.=i; received his education at the 
 Northwestern Virginia .Viademy ; studied law, ami 
 when '20 years of age commenced practice; mem- 
 ber of the State legislature of Virginia in lS(il and 
 of West \'irgiuia in 1S70; Presidential elector on 
 the McClellan ticket in lSti4: one of the delegates 
 from the State at large to the national Democratic 
 convention at New York in IStiS; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from West Virginia to the Forty-second 
 Congress lU" a Democrat, and to the Forty-third 
 Congre.-^s aji an Independent Democrat. 
 
 Davis, John 'W. , was born in Cuuiherlaml 
 Countv, i'a.. .Inly 17, 17!Mt: received a liberal edu- 
 cation; studied nudicine, graduating from the 
 Rallimore .Mi-clical College in l."^21; moved toCar- 
 lisle, Ind., in l.siM; member of the State house of 
 rejiresentatives for several years, serving as speaker 
 in 18H".'; conimi,«sioner to negotiate an Indian treaty 
 in ]8;M; elected a Reiire.-eiitative from Indiana to 
 t he T went v-fourthCongre.>^s as a Democrat; elected 
 to the Twenty-sixth, Twenty-eighth, and Twenty- 
 ninth Congre.x.^e"; elected .Speaker Dic-cudK-r 1, 
 1845; commissioner to China .lanuary:-!. 184H. to 
 Mavis, l.'viO; g()\crnorof Oregon 1 S.V{-.">4 : i>n-s- 
 ideiit of the national Democratic convention at 
 Baltimore in 1852; died at Carlisle. Ind.. August 
 22, lS.=i!l. 
 
 Davis, Joseph J., of l^iuisburg. N. C., was 
 born in Franklin County. X. C, April 13, 1828; 
 eflui-atwl at the Louishurg Academy; sluilied law 
 at ChajK'! Mill, receiving the <legree of bachelor of 
 laws in 1S.")((. and engage<l in jiractice; .served in 
 the Conleilenile army as captain; meinln'r of the 
 State legislature in lsiiii-<i7: electeil to the Forty- 
 fourth, Forty-lifth, and Forty-sixth Congres.-'es as 
 a Democrat; appointed a justice of the supreme 
 court of the State in lSS7,anil in 1S.S.S waselected; 
 died .Vnirust 7. l.s'.'2. at I.ouisburg. N. C. 
 
 Davis, Lowndes H., of .lacksou. Mo., was 
 born at .lacksou, t'ape (iirardeau County. Mo., 
 Dt>cendier H, 183t>; grailuated from the c<dlegiat« 
 dejwirtment of Yale College in 18(>(l, and at the 
 l,onisville Paw .\cademy School, Pouisvillc. Ky., 
 in ISti.'i; practiced law imtil 1S7."); ele<-led State at- 
 torney for the tenth judicial circuit of Missouri in 
 1808, which office lie held for four years: an 
 elector in lS72onthe (in>eley and llrow n ticket; 
 inend>er of the constitutional convention that 
 framed Missouri's constitution in 187.t; elected a 
 member of tlie general assembly of Mis.sonri in 
 !87t>: elected to the Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, 
 and Forty-eiL'hth Congresses as a Demoivat. 
 
 Davis, Noah, was born at Haverhill. N. II., 
 Se]itember 10, 1818; moveil with his [lareuts to 
 .\lbion, N. Y., in 1825; receiveil a lilieral educa- 
 tion; studie<l law at I^wiston, and afterwards 
 practiceil at (iains anii Buffalo; niovtHl to Albion 
 in February, 1S44. where he continued practice 
 until May. i.>viS; appointed and sub.'^equently twice 
 elected judge of the sujireme court for tlu' eighth 
 judicial district, starving from IS57 to l."<li.S; moved 
 to New York and practiced law; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New York to the Forty-lirst C^in- 
 gress a-i a Republican, serving until .lulv 15, 1870, 
 when he resigned: ap|iointed by President (irant 
 Cnited States attorney for the southern ilistrict of 
 New York, serving from .Inly. 1870. until .lamuiry, 
 187.'i. when he resigned, having been airain elin-ted 
 a juilge of the supreme court of the State of New 
 York, serving until 1.'<S7: number of couneii of 
 the I'niversitv of New York Citv; died at New 
 York City March 20, 1902. 
 
 Davis, Reuben, was born in Tennes.see .lan- 
 uary !■'<, ISIS: edncaleil iu tlii' public .-ichools; 
 studied medicine luit i>racticed only a few years, 
 when he abandoned the profession ami studied 
 law: inove<l to .\berdeen. Miss., where he prac- 
 ticed law; prosecuting attorney for the sixth 
 judicial district 18:},5-18;ii»; judge of the high court 
 of appeals in 1842. but after four months' servi«-e 
 resigned: served as colonel of the Second Regi- 
 ment Missi.-^sippi Volunteers in the war with 
 Mexico; nuMuber of the State house of ivprc-^iMita- 
 tives 18.5.5-l,s57; electeil a Rcpres<'ntalive from the 
 state of Mississippi to the Thirty-tilth Congiv.ss as 
 a Democrat, and reelected to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
 gre.-*s, serving from December 7, 1,"<57, to .lanuary 
 12, 1.8t>l, when he retired from the Mouse: serve*! 
 in the Confederate army it-^ brigatlier-geiieral 
 commanding a brigade of sixty days' Mississippi 
 militia ii\ Kentucky: resumed the practice of law: 
 died at Columbus, Miss.. Deceud«'r 15, 1873. 
 
 Davis, Richard D., was born in New York; 
 graduated from Yale College in 1818; studiinl law 
 andallerwards pradiced; elected a Rcpreseiilalive 
 from New York to the Twenty-seventh Cougre^* 
 as a Democrat, and reelected to the Twenty-eighth 
 Conpre--'s. 
 
 Davis. Robert T. , of Fall River, Ma.as..wa.« Ixirn 
 in thi' Cnunty Down. Ireland. .August 28. 182.'>; 
 his parents emiiirated to this country ami settled 
 in .\mesbury, K,«.-h'X County. Mass., when he was 
 3 vears of age: eilucated ai .\mesbury .\cademy 
 arid at the Friends' School at Providem-e. R. I.; 
 graduateil from the me«lical department of Har- 
 vard I'niversity in 1847: dis|K-n.sary physician in 
 Boston; i)racticed meilicine three years at Water- 
 ville. Me., and moved to F;dl River in 18.V); mem- 
 iH'r of the Ma.«sach\i>clts Stati- c.in-tilulional con- 
 vention of 1S53. of the Massachusetts State senate 
 of 18.">!iaml bstil. and of the Republican national 
 convenlionsof 18(>0and 187(1; inayorof Fall River in 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 493 
 
 1873; member of the State board of charities when 
 organized in 1803; appointeil a member of the 
 State board of health ujion its organization in 
 1869; elected to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, 
 and Fiftieth Congresses as a Repnblican. 
 
 Davis, Robert W., of I^alatka, Fla., was born 
 in Lee County, Ga., March 15, 184il; educated in 
 the common schools of his native State; entered 
 the Confederate army at 14 years of age, and sur- 
 rendered with the army of (ien. Joseph E. John- 
 ston at Greensboro, N. C, at the close of the war; 
 worked on a farm in Georgia; read law; admitted 
 to the bar at 20 years of age; moved to Florida in 
 1879; elected to the legislature from Clay County 
 in 1884; elected speaker of the house of repre- 
 sentatives at the session of 188o; made general 
 attorney for the Florida Southern Kailroad Com- 
 pany in 1885; elected to the Fifty-tifth, Fifty- 
 sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Davis, Roger, was elected a Representative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Twelfth and Thirteenth 
 Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Davis, Samuel, was born at Bath, Me., in 1774; 
 engaged in mercantile pursuits; member of the 
 State house of representati\es in 1803 and 1808- 
 1812; elected a Representative from Massachusetts 
 to the Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist; again 
 a member of the State house of representatives 
 181.5-16; .lied at Bath, Me., April 17, 1831. 
 
 Davis, Thomas, was Ijorn in Ireland; emi- 
 grated to tlie Fnited States and located at Provi- 
 dence, R. I.; manufacturing jeweler; member of 
 the State senate; elected a Rei)resentative from 
 Rhode Island to the Thirty-third Congress as a 
 Deuiocrat ; unsuccessful candidate for the Thirty- 
 fourth, Thirty-sixth, Forty-second, Forty-third, 
 ami Forty-sixth Congresses; State senator 1877-78; 
 member of general assemblv 1887-1890; died at 
 Providence, R. I., July 26, 1895. 
 
 Davis, Thomas T., was born at ^[iddlel)Ury% 
 Addison County, Vt., August 22, 1810; graduated 
 from Hamilton College in 1831; studied law at j 
 Syracuse, N. Y.; admitted to the bar in 1.833, but i 
 practiced only a short time, when he turned liis at- 1 
 tention to railroading and coal mining; elected a 
 Rejjresentative from Kew York to tlie Thirty- 
 eighth Congress as a Unionist, and reelecteil to the 
 Thirty-ninth Congress. 
 
 Davis, Timothy, was born at Newark, N. J., 
 Marcli, 1794; educated in the puldic scliools; 
 moved to Kentucky in ISKi; moveil to Dubuque, 
 Iowa, in 1837; elected a Representative from Iowa 
 to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Davis, Timothy, was born at Gloucester, Mass. , 
 April 12, 1821; educated in the public schools; 
 served two years in a printing office; clerk and sub- 
 sequently a merchant in Boston; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from ^lassachusetts to the Thirty- 
 fourth Congress as an American, and reelected to 
 the Thirty-lifth Congress as a Republican; ap- 
 pointed liy President Lincoln to a jiosition in the | 
 Bostou I'ustom-house, which he held several years, , 
 and then liecame an attorney for the prosecution 
 of claims against the Government; died at Boston, 
 Mass., October 23, 1888. 
 
 Davis, Warren R., was born in South Caro- 
 lina .Alay 8, 1793; graduated from the College of 
 .South Carolina in 1810; studied law and after- 
 wards practiced; State solicitor in 1818; ele<'tc<l a 
 Representative from South Carolina to the Twen- 
 tieth Congress as a Nullilier; reelected to the 
 
 Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third 
 Congresses, serving until his death, at Washington, 
 D. C., January 29, 18.35. 
 
 Davis, William Morris, a resident of Miles- 
 town, Pa., was elected a Representative from that 
 State to the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Repub- 
 lican. 
 
 Davy, John M. , was born at Ottawa, Ontario, 
 June 29, 1835; while quite young moved with his 
 parents to Monroe County, N. Y.; educated in the 
 common schools; studied law in Rochester, ar.d 
 afterwards practiced; elected district attorney of 
 iMonroe County in 1868 for three years; appointed 
 by President Grant collector of customs for the 
 port of Genesee in April, 1872, which office he held 
 until elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Dawes, Henry L. , of IMassachusetts, was born 
 at Cummington, Mass., October 30, 1816; graduated 
 from Yale College; school-teacher, and edited the 
 Greenfield Gazette and Adams Transcript; studied 
 and practiced law; member of the house of repre- 
 sentatives of Massachusetts in 1848, 1849, and 18.52; 
 member of the State senate in 1 850; member of the 
 State constitutional convention of IMassachusetts 
 in 1853; district attorney for the western district of 
 Massachusetts 1853-1857; elected a Representative 
 to the Thirty-fifth, Thirty-sixth, Thirty-seventh, 
 Thirty-eighth, Thirty-nintli, Fortieth, Forty-first, 
 Forty-second, and Forty-third Congresses, and de- 
 clined to be a candidate for the Forty-fourth Con- 
 gress; elected to the United States Senate as a 
 Republican to succeed Charles Sumner (whose 
 unexpired term had been filled by William B. 
 Washburn), and took his seat !March 4, 1875; 
 reelected in 1881 and 1887, serving imtil March 3, 
 1893; located at Pittsfield, Mass.: chairman of 
 Commission to the Five Civilized Trilies of the 
 Indian Territorv 1893-1903; died at Pittsfield, 
 Mass., February' 5, 1903. 
 
 Dawes, Rufus R. , of ^larietta, Ohio, was born 
 at ]\Ialta, ilorgan County, Ohio, July 4, 1838: 
 received a collegiate educatitm, graduating from 
 Marietta College in 1860; entered the volunteer 
 service in 1861 as a captain in the Sixth Wisconsin 
 "Volunteers, and during the war was jjromoted to 
 major, lieutenant-colonel, colonel, and Iirigadier- 
 general by brevet; engaged in business at JIarietta; 
 elected to the Forty-seventh Congress as a Repub- 
 lican; died August 1, 1890. 
 
 Dawson, John, was born in Virginia in 1762; 
 graduated from Harvard College in 1782; studied 
 law and ]>racticed; Presidential elector on the 
 Washington ticket in 1793; member of the State 
 house of representatives; electetl a Representati\e 
 from Virginia to the Fifth, Sixth. Seventh, Eighth, 
 Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, an<l Thirteenth 
 Congre.sses as a Democrat, serving from INIav 15, 
 1797, to March 30, 1814, when he' died, at Washr 
 ington, D. C 
 
 Dawson, John B. , was born at Nashville, 
 Tenn., in 1800; moved to Lnuisiana and became a 
 planter; member of the State house of representa- 
 tives for several years; judge of the parish court; 
 elected a Representative from Louisiana to the 
 Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democi"at, and re- 
 elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress; died at 
 St. Francis ville, La., June 26, 1845. 
 
 Dawson, JohnL., wasbornat Uniontown, Pa., 
 February 7, 1813; graduated from Washington 
 College; studied law and commenced practice at 
 Brownsville, Pa.; United States district attorney 
 
4'.t4 
 
 CONGKKSSIONAL IHKECTOKY. 
 
 for the western liistrict of PeniiHylvania, 1845-1848; 
 elei'ti'd 11 Kfpreseiitativi' fniin IVmifylvania to tlic 
 Tliirly-si'i'iiriil ( i nij.'rt'.-'.s as a KciiMxTat, ami n- 
 clirti'il to llio Thirty-third ('oiijire.-'.-'; ap|ininii'il 
 (jovernur nf Kansas Territory by I'n-siiUMit Tierce, 
 hut (U'elineil; a>.'aiii eleeled to the Thirly-eijihth 
 and Tliirty-iiiiilli Congresses; dele);ate to tlie na- 
 tional Denioeratie eonventions in 1844, 1848, 18(i0, 
 and 1808; died at I'liiontown, I'a., Se|>tend)er 18, 
 1870. 
 
 Dawson, William, of New Madrid, was horn 
 at New Madrid, Niw Madrid Connty, Mo., Mareh 
 17, 1S4S; ;rra<luated from the eolletie of the Chris- 
 tian lirothers at St. Louis, Mo., in 18t«»; eleeted 
 sheriff and coMeetor of New Madrid County in 
 1870 and in IS7L'; eleeted in 1878 to the l.AVer 
 liou.se of the ;reneral as.seinlilv of Mi.s.sonri, and re- 
 eleeted in ISSd and 18SL'; eleeteil to the Forty- 
 ninth CoUL'ress as a Democrat. 
 
 I>awsou, William C, was liorn in (ireene 
 County, tia., .lannary 4, 17it8; };raduated from 
 Franklin College in 18U); studied law an<l eoni- 
 nienciil praetice at tireenshoro, (ia.; niemher of 
 the Slate senate and house of representatives for 
 several yeaiv; eleeted a Uepresentative from (teor- 
 gia to the Twenty-fourth Conjrress (in i)laee of 
 John Coffee, decea.sed) as a State Uifrhts Whig; 
 reeici'ted to the Twenty-lifth, Twenty-si.\th, and 
 Twenty-seventh Conpre-sses, servin-i from Decem- 
 ber 2(1, 18lit>, to Septend)er l.S, 1841, when he re- 
 signed; appointed judge of the Ocninlgee circuit 
 in 1845; elected a I'niteil States Senator from (ieor- 
 pia, serving from December H, 184t), to IShirch .S, 
 18.'i5; died at (ireensboro, (la.. May 5, 18.")t>. 
 
 Dawson, William J. , was born in North Car- 
 olina; eleeted a Representative from North Caro- 
 lina to the Third Congress. 
 
 Day, Rowland, was born in the State of New 
 York in 17SS; number of the State houseof rt'ijre- 
 sentalivcs in 18l(>-17; held several I ical ollices 
 at Sempronius, where he resided; eleeted a Repre- 
 sentative from New York to the Eighteenth and 
 Twenty-lhird Coiigre.s.ses as a Democrat. 
 
 Day, Timothy C, was horn at Cincinnati, C)hio; 
 educatid in the judilic schools; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from C)hio to the Thirty-fonrlh Congress 
 as a Kepuhliean; died at Cincinnati, Oliio, April 
 15, l.stiil. 
 
 Dayan, Charles, was born at .Vmslerdam. 
 >'. Y., .luly 111. 17iH'; spent the early part of his 
 life on a farm; educated in the public schools; 
 taught school ami studied law, afterwards prac- 
 ticing at I^iwville; member of the State senate, 
 181'7-18L'il; acting lieutenant-governor in 1829; 
 eleeted a Repri'sentative from New York to the 
 Twenty-second Congress as a Democrat; member 
 of the State houseof representatives in ls:!5and 
 18;!(j; distrietattorney for Ix'wiaCounty, 1840-1845; 
 died at Lowville, N. Y., December 25', 1877. 
 
 Dayton, Alston Gordon, of Philiiipi, W. Va., 
 was born at I'hilippi, Va. (iii>w West N'irgiiiia), 
 October Is, l,s.".7; gniduateil from the I'nivi'rsitv 
 of Wi'st Virginia in .Iiine, 1S78; studied law, ad- 
 mitted to the bar Octobi'r IS, 1878; devi>ti'd him- 
 self to the practice of bis proft'ssion; appointed to 
 fill out an unexpirc<l term as prosecuting attorney 
 of rpshur County, W. Va., in 187!l; prcwcuting 
 attorney for Barbour County, 1884-1 8.s,S; eleeted 
 to the Vifty-fiiurth, Fifty-tifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty- 
 Beventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses a.- a Re- 
 publican. 
 
 Dayton, Elias (father of .Tonathan Dayton), 
 was born at Klizabethtown, N. .1., in 17:!5: receive*! 
 a Hbenil I'ducation; scrveil in the Jersey Hhies in 
 the |irovincial expedition under Wolfe, which 
 con(|nered Caiuula; member of the Committee of 
 Safety at the breaking out of the war of the Revo- 
 lution; appointed colonel of the Tliinl New Jersey 
 Kepinientand i>roiii<ited to the rank of bripadier- 
 peiieral January 7, 178:f; elected major-general of 
 militia; elected a delegate to the Continental Con- 
 gress I787-S8; died at lOlizabethtow n, N. J., .lulv 
 17, 1807. 
 
 Dayton. Jonathan, was born in New ,Ier«ey, 
 October Hi, 17(>0; grailuated from Princeton Col- 
 lege in 177»); studiecl law and admitted to the bar, 
 but eiilered the Continental .\rmy as paymaster 
 in the regiment conimandeil by his father; .serveti 
 throughout the warof the Revolution; member of 
 the New Jersey houseof representatives for sev- 
 eral years, .serving as s|ieaker in 17tt0; delegate to 
 the Feileraleoiistitutionalconvention, 1787; elected 
 a Representative from New Jersey to the Second, 
 ThinI, Fourth, and Fifth Congresses, serving as 
 Speaker during the Fourth and Fifth Congrt-s-ses; 
 electe<l a United Istates Senator from New Jersey, 
 serving from December 2, 17911, to March 3, 1805; 
 died at ICHzaliethtown, N. J., October 9, 1824. 
 
 Dayton, William Lievris, was born at Baskin- 
 ridge, N. .1., February 17, 18l»7; graduatetl from 
 Princeton College in 182."): stiulieil law at lioiild's 
 Law School at Litchfield. Conn., and commenced 
 practice at Trenton, N. J., in 18;!0; State senator, 
 18,'{t)-37; judge of the superior court from February 
 28, 1888, to Kovember 1, 1841, when he resigiuHl; 
 appointed a United States Senati ir from New Jersey 
 (in place of Samuel L. Southard, deceased), and 
 subsei|Uently elected, serving from July (i, 1842, to 
 March ,S, 1851; resumed the practice of law; nomi- 
 nated in 18.51) as the Republican candiilate for Vice- 
 President on tlu' FriMiiont ticket, receiving on the 
 informal ballot in the convention 2.')!' votes against 
 no vott'S for .\bnibam Lincoln, aiul received 114 
 electoral votes against 173 votes for Jolin C. Breck- 
 inridge, Demoi-rat, and 8 electoral votes for A. J. 
 Donelson, .\nierican; attorney-general of New 
 Jersey, 1857-1S()1; apjiointeii "l>y President Lin- 
 coln minister to Frame March 18, 1801, and serve<l 
 until his death at Paris, Dei'eniher 1, 18(54. 
 
 Dean, Benjamin, was born at Clitherve, Fng- 
 laiul, .\ugust 14, 1824; emigrated to l>owell. Mass., 
 at an early age: received a ela.ssical education at 
 l^iwell and Dartmouth Colleges; studied law ; ad- 
 niitted to the bar in 1845; niemher of the Massa- 
 chusetts Stale senate in 18(i2, ISO.'i. and 18t)9; 
 elected a Representative from Massachusetts to the 
 Forty-lifth Congress a.s a Democrat, receiving (as 
 the Mouse sub.se(|Uently determined) 9,315 votes 
 apiinst 9,2!t5 yotes forW. .\. Field, Republican: 
 Mr. Field received the eertilicate of election on a 
 different return, but Mr. Dean contested, and wiw 
 declared entitled to the seat March 2S. 1878. 
 
 Dean, Ezra, was Imrn in tlu> .'state of New 
 York in 1791; moviM to Ohio, where be held sev- 
 eral Uu-al olhees; I'lected a Kepre.sentative from 
 the State of Ohio to the Tweiily-seventh and 
 Twenty-eighth Congn-sses as a Democrat. 
 
 Dean, Gilbert, was lK)rn at Plea.s;int Valley, 
 N. Y. : graduattii from YaleCollege in 1841 ; studie<l 
 law and begjui practicing at Poughkeepsie, N. Y., 
 ill 1.S44; elected a RtM)re.sentative from the State of 
 New York to the Thirty-.seeon<l Congress as a 
 Democrat and reelectid to the Thirty-third Con- 
 press, serving from December 1, 1851, until July 
 
nKKJRAl'HlES. 
 
 495 
 
 3, 1854, when he rosijjneil, haviiij; l)et>n aiipoiiited 
 judge of the wi'oik! district of the supreme court; 
 died October 12, ]870, at I'ouglikeepsie, N. Y. 
 
 Dean, Josiah, was born at Raynhaui, Mass., 
 Marcii l(i, 174S; rei'eived a cduunou school eihica- 
 tion; I'resideutial elector on the Jefferson ticket 
 hi ISOf); uieiul>cr of the State senate ]S()4-1.S07; 
 elected a Representative from the State of Massa- 
 cliuselts to the Teutli Congress; again a nieudier 
 of the State house of representatives 1810-1 1 ; died 
 Octol)er 14, 1818. 
 
 Dean, Sidney, was born at (ilastonlmry, (!onn., 
 November 1(1, 1818; received a conuuou school 
 education; eugageil in manufacturing and after- 
 wards became a clergyman; member of the State 
 hou.se of representatives; electe<l a Kepresentative 
 from Connecticut to the Thirty-fourtli (!ongress as 
 an Americ'an; reelected to the TInrty-liftli Con- 
 gress as a Kepublican; moved to l\hode Island in 
 1860, where he becaTue jxistor of a church, and 
 afterwards became editor of the rrovidence Press; 
 moved to Warren, K. I,; died October 20, 1901. 
 
 Deane, Silas, was born at Groton, Conn., De- 
 cember 24, 17:i7; received a classical education, 
 an<l graduated from Yale College in 1758; engaged 
 in nn'rcantile jiursuits; delegate from Connecticut 
 to the (Vintinenfal Congress 1774-1776; sent on a 
 .secret mission to France in March, 1776, and in 
 September was couunissioned as ambassador with 
 Franklin and I-ee; negotiated and signed the treaty 
 with France, February 6, 1778; jiersoually secured 
 the services of I-afayette, Dekalb, and other for- 
 eign officers; recalled in 1777, and investigatecl by 
 ("ongre.ss, Lee having charged him with tinanciid 
 irregularities; returueil to I'rance to procure tran- 
 scripts of his transactions there and found that the 
 publication of some of his contidenlial dispatches 
 had ind)ittered tliat tiovernment against him, and 
 he was compelled to go to llollanil, and thence to 
 Great Britain, imiKiverished, feeling that he had 
 been injured; <lied at Deal, Knglaud, August 2^^, 
 1780; in 1842 Congress vindicated liini bydeeiding 
 that a consideralile sum of money was due him, 
 which was paid to his heirs. 
 
 Dearborn, Henry (father of II. .\. S. Dear- 
 born), was born at llampton, N. H., February 2:!, 
 1751; received a. public school education; studied 
 medicine; began practicing in 1772; captain during 
 the Uevolutioiiary war; moveil to i\Ionmoutb, Me,, 
 in Juiu', 1784; elected brigadier-general of militia 
 in 1787, and made major-general in 1780; ap- 
 pointed United States marshal for the district of 
 Maine in 1780; elected a Ke|iresentative from one 
 of the Maine districts of INIassachuset ts to the Third 
 Congressasa Democrat, and reelected to the Fourth 
 Congress, serving from Ik'cember 2, 170.'!, until 
 March .'!, 1707; appointed Secretary of \\'ar by Presi- 
 dent. lefferson. and served from March 4, 18()1, until 
 March 7, i8()l); appointed collector of tbejiortof 
 Boston l)y President Madison in 1800, which posi- 
 tion he hidd until .January 27, 1812, when he 
 was appointed .seidor major-general in the United 
 States Army; iti command at the <'apture of Ym-k 
 (now Toronto), .'\|>ril 27, 18!l'>; recalled from the 
 frontier .Inly 6, bSlli, ami placed in conmiand of 
 the city of New York; appointed minister pleni- 
 potentiary to I'ortngal by President Monroe, ami 
 served from May 7, 1822, until .Inne.'iO, 1824, when, 
 by his own request, he was recalled; returned to 
 Roxbury, Mass., where he died, .Tune 6, 1829. 
 
 Dearborn, Henry Alexander Scammell (son 
 of II. l>earl)orn ), was born in 1788 at K.veter, N. II.; 
 graduated from William and Mary College in 1803; 
 
 studied law, and admitted to the liar; l)egan prac- 
 tice at Salem, Mass.; collector of customs at Koston, 
 1812-1820; served in the war of 1812 as liriga<lier- 
 general commanding tbe vohmteers at IJoston; 
 member of the State constitutional convention in 
 1820; member of the State house of representa- 
 tives in 1829, and State senator in 18150; elected a 
 Kepresentative from Massachusetts to the Twei\ty- 
 .second ('ongress; adjntant-gi'Ueral of Massachu- 
 .setts 1834-1843; mayor of Roxburv 1847-18.51; 
 died at Portland, Me., .July 20, 18.51." 
 
 De Armond, David A., of Butler, Mo., was 
 born in 1 '.lair County, Pa., March 18, 1844; brought 
 up on a I'ariii; educated in the coimnon s<'hools 
 an<l at Williamsport Hickinsou Seminary; Presi- 
 dential electoriii 1.884; State senator, circuit judge, 
 and Missouri su]ireme court conmussiouer; elected 
 to the Fiftv-second t'ongre.ss as a Democrat, and 
 reelected to the Fiftv-third, Fiftv-fourth, Kiftv- 
 fifth. Fifty-sixth, Fifty -seventh, and Fifty-eighth 
 Congresses. 
 
 Deberry, Edmund, was born at Mount ( lilead, 
 N. C, .\ugust 14, 1787; received a i>ublic s<'hool 
 education; member of the State senate 180(i-1811, 
 18i:i, 1814, 1820, 1821, 1826-1828; elected a Rejjre- 
 sentative from North Carolina tn the Twenty-lirst 
 Congress as an .\(lams man; defi'ated for reelec- 
 tion; again elected to tlu' Twenty-third Congress; 
 reelectecl to the Twi'nty-fourth, Twenty-lifth, 
 Twenty-sixth, Twenty-seventh, Twenty-eighth, 
 and Thirtv-first Congresses as a Whig; died at 
 Moimt<iiread, N. ('., December 12, 1859. 
 
 Deboe, William J., of iMarion, Ky., was born 
 in Crittenden County, Ky., on a farm in 1840; 
 received his education in the public and academic 
 schools of the State and lowing College, Illinois; 
 studied law in early life, afterwards studied medi- 
 cine, and graduated from the Medical University 
 of Louisville; j)racticed a few years, when his 
 health failed; renewed the study of law ; admitted 
 to the bar; serveil as su]i(^rinteudent of schools of 
 Crittenden County; delegate to the national Ke- 
 publican convention at Chicago in 18,88; member 
 of the Republican Stati; central connnittee twelve 
 years; nuule the race for Congress in 1802; elected 
 to the State senate in 1,803; delegate from the State 
 at large to the national Republican convention at 
 St. Louis in bS06, anil chairman of the delegation; 
 when the Rejiublicans carried the legislature in 
 180.5 he entered the racefor United State's Senator, 
 but withdrew and su|)ported Dr. Hunter, who was 
 nominated, but failed to be elected; again entered 
 the race for Senator in 1806, and witlulrew when 
 Dr. Hunter was nominated and faiUul of an elec- 
 tion, after which Mr. Deboe was nominated and 
 ele<'ted to the United States Senate as a Republi- 
 can after two of the most .sensational and memor- 
 able sessions of the legislature of the State, and 
 took his seat March 4, 1897, serving until March 3, 
 1903 
 
 De Bolt, Rezin A., was born in Fairfield 
 
 County, Ohio,. lannary 20. 1828; worked on a farm; 
 received a common scliool education; ap|)renticcd 
 to a tanner, and while working at his trade stuilietl 
 law; admitted to the bar in February, 1856; moved 
 to Trenton, Grundy County, Mo., in 1858, and 
 began the practice of his profession; appointed in 
 1,850 and I'lected in 18(i0 i-oramissioner of connnon 
 schools for Grundy ('onnty, serving imtil the com- 
 mencement of the civil war; entered the Union 
 Army as captain in the Twenty-third Mis.sonri 
 Volunteer Infantry; captured at the battle of 
 Shiloh, .Vjiril 6, 1862, and held as prisoner until 
 the following October; resigned his commission in 
 
49(5 
 
 CONORKSfilONAL DIRKCTORY. 
 
 1883 oil lucoiiiit (pf im]iain'(l hoaltli; in lStl4 a^tiiii 
 entered the I'niti'il Stales ceivice as major in tlie 
 Kortv-foiirtli Missouri Volunteer Infantry; nius- 
 tereil out in Aiitjust, ISIiri; elected judne of the 
 eircnit court for the eleventh judicial circuit of 
 Missouri in N'oveinber, ISiiH, which iiosition he 
 lieM hy ri'eleition luitil .lanuary 1, 187.'i; electecl a 
 Kei)resentative from Missouri to the Forty-fourth 
 Con(rres.s as a l)eniocrat. 
 
 Deemer, Elias, of Williamsport. Lycoming' 
 Comity, I'a., \va.s horn in Bucks County, I'a., .lan- 
 uary 3, 1S8S; educated in the common si-hools; 
 engasied in the mercantile business in his native 
 county anil in riiiladelphia; enlisted as a private 
 in Com|>any V'., One hundreil and fourth Pennsyl- 
 vania Volunteers, in July, ISiil, and served in the 
 IVnnsylvania campaiiin until the middle of May 
 followinj;, when he was dischar;.'<Ml for disahilities 
 resultiiiK from injuries received while in the line 
 of duty; member of Ueno I'ost, (irand Army of the 
 Kepublic: moved to Williamsport in the sprin-f of 
 IStiS; president of the common <-ouncil, 188S-1W)0; 
 eiifrajied in the manufacture of lumber, einployiu}; 
 between SOO anil 7(H) men in his different opera- 
 tions; president of the WilliaTiisport National 
 Bank; elected to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty- 
 eiplith Conpresses as a Republican. 
 
 Deeringr, Nathaniel C, of Osa^o, Iowa, wa,s 
 born at Denmark, Oxford County, Jle., Sei>teni- 
 Iht 2, 1827; educated in the coninion schools and 
 at North liridsreton .Vcadeniy; elected a member 
 of the le;.'islature from Penobscot County iii IHnn; 
 reelected in lS.it>; moved to Osa>fe, Iowa, in 1857; 
 for several years a clerk in the Cnited States Sen- 
 ate, i)Ut res"ij;ued in ISIm; later in lS(>r) ai>pointed 
 special ajreiit of the Post-OHice Uepartment for the 
 district of Minnesota, Iowa, and Nebraska and 
 served until 18(i9, when he resijined; appointed 
 national-bank examiner for the State of Iowa in 
 1S72, which position he lield until February, 1877; 
 elected to the Forty-fifth Congress asa Hepublican; 
 reelected to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh 
 Congresses. 
 
 De Forest, Robert E., of Hridgeport, Conn., 
 was born at Guilford, Conn., February 20, 1845; 
 brought up on a farm; educated in <;uilford 
 Academy and at Vale College; graduated in 18117; 
 taught ."cliool; studied law; admitted to the bar in 
 ]8li8; located in 15ridgej>ort where he jiracticed 
 his profession; ajipointeci pro.secuting attorney for 
 Bridge)>ort in 1S72; elected by the legislature of 
 Connecticut judge of the court of roinmon pleas 
 for Fairtield County in 1874; elected mayor of 
 Bridgeport in 1878;' elected to the legislature in 
 1880; elected to the State senate in 1882; corpora- 
 tion counsel for Bridgeport; again elected mayor 
 in 18811 and 18>I0; elected to the Fifty-second and 
 Fifty-third Congres,ses its a Democrat. 
 
 Defrees, Joseph H., was liorn at Carthage, 
 Teiin.. May 13, 1812; received a common school 
 education; learned the art of printing; moved to 
 Indiana and engaged in mercantile pursuits; 
 sheriff of Klkhart County 18:!t;-1840; member of 
 the State house of represiMitativesin 18t!tand of the 
 Statesi'iiate in 18.MI; ele<-te<l a Hepresenfativefroni 
 Indiana to the Thirty-ninth Congress asa Cnionist. 
 
 Degener, Edward, was born at Brunswick, 
 (iermany, ( Ictober 20, 180!'; received an academic 
 «><luoation in (iermany and in lOngland; twice a 
 member of the K-gislative liodv in Aidialt-De.«siiu 
 and a ineniVier of the first Cierman Parliament in 
 Frankfort; emigrated to the I'nited States and 
 loi-ate<l at SisterUalc, Tex.; engugitl in fanning in 
 
 1850; court-martialed ami imprisoned by the Con- 
 federates on account of his loyally to tlie Union; 
 moved to San .Antonio, Tex., after the war; l>e- 
 came a merchant; memln'r of the Texas con.stitu- 
 tional conventions in bSlili and I8(>8; elected a 
 Representative to the Forty-first Congress as a 
 Republican; died at San Antonio, Tex., September 
 II, 18H0. 
 
 Degetau, Federico, Porto Rican Republican, of 
 San .luan, was born at Ponce, P. R. ; received his 
 fiixt educaliou in the schools of that island; gradu- 
 ated as bachelor of sciences and arts at Barcelona, 
 ■Spain, and a.s a law.ver in the Central I'liiversitv 
 of Madrid; the Academy of Antliro|H>logical Sci- 
 ences of Madrid elected him ))resiilent of the sec- 
 tion of moral and jiolitical sciences: one of the 
 founders of the Societe Francaise pour I'. Arbitrage 
 entre Nations, and honorary meinberof theColegio 
 de ProfesoresdeCataluna; |)resident of the section 
 of moral and political sciences of the ".\teneo" fif 
 San .luan; one of the four trimniissioners sent by 
 I'orto Rico to ask Spain for autonomy; district of 
 Ponce elected him a deputy to the Cortes of 1898; 
 tieneral Henry appointed him secretary of the 
 interior of the first .\merican cabinet that was 
 formed in Porto Rico; ajipointed a meinluT of the 
 iusularboard of charities by General Davis; elected 
 first vice-jiresident of the municipal council of San 
 ,Iuan in 18!»9, and later president of the board of 
 education of that city; elected resident commis- 
 sioner from I'orto Rico to the I'nitefl States on 
 November (i, 1900; reelected to the Fifty-eighth 
 Congress. 
 
 De Graff, John I. , was born at Schenectady, 
 X. V. ; received acommoii school education; elected 
 a Re|iie.sentative from New York to the Twentieth 
 and Twenty-fifth Congresses; died June 26, 1848, 
 at Schenectady. N. V. 
 
 De Graffenreid, R. C, was born at Franklin, 
 
 Tex., in 18.')9; attended the academic school of that 
 place until i:i years old; went to the Cniversity 
 of Tenne.s.see; graduated from the Lebanon lj»\v 
 School; havinsr the right to practice before major- 
 ity, he commenced the law practice immediately 
 at Franklin; moved to Chattanooga, where he 
 practiced for one year; moved to Texas; helped to 
 Iniild the Texas and Pacific Railroad; resumed the 
 liractice of his profession at Longview, Tex., in 
 18H:i; elected county attorney and resigned two 
 months afterwards; elector on the Democratic 
 ticket in ls,S8; made the race for Congress in 18!HI 
 with Hon. C. B. Kilgon- and ex-tiovernor Hub- 
 hard as oi)ponents, and beaten; electtii to the 
 
 Fiftv-fifth CouL'ress as a Den rat; reelecteil to 
 
 the Vifty-sixth and Fiftv-seventh ( 'ongres.ses; diiil 
 at Washington, D. C. .\ugust ;iO, 1902. 
 
 De Haven. John Jefferson, of Fureka, Cal., 
 was born at St. .lose]ph. Mo., March 12, 1849; re- 
 sided in Humboldt Coiintv; receivetl a common 
 school education; jirinter i>y trade, and pursiieil 
 that vocation for four years; studied law and ad- 
 mitted to the bar of the" district court in Ilnnibolilt 
 in I8()(); elected district attorney in 18ti7; elected 
 to (hea.<seinblv in 18()9; elected to the State.senate 
 in 1871; served until April, 1874; defealiHl as a 
 candidate for delegate to the constitutional con- 
 vention in 1878; appointed in the latter year city 
 attorney of F.ureka, serving two years; Reimblican 
 candidate for Congress in 18.82, and defeated; 
 elected judge of the siilierior court of HumlHildt 
 Count V in 1884; elected to the Fifty-first Congress 
 asa Rejuiblican; rcsigiuil Octoljer i, 18|K>: ele<-ted 
 a.ssociate justice of the supreme court of California 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 497 
 
 to fill an unexpired term of four years; commis- 
 sioned I'nited States district judjie for the northern 
 district of California, June 8, 1897. 
 
 Deitz, William, was born in iSchoharie County, 
 N. Y.; received a public school education; served 
 in the State house of representatives 1814-15; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Nineteenth Congress; member of the State senate 
 1830-1833; died at Schoharie, N. Y. 
 
 De Jarnette, Daniel C. , was born near Bowl- 
 ing Green, Va., in 1822; received a classical edu- 
 cation; served several years in the State house of 
 representatives; elected a Representative from 
 Virginia to the Thirty-sixth Congress as an anti- 
 Administration Democrat; reelected to the Thirty- 
 seventh Congress, but did not serve; Representa- 
 tive from Virginia to the First and Second Con- 
 federate Congresses 1862-1865. 
 
 De La Matyr, Gilbert, of Indianapolis, Ind., 
 was burn at Pliar.^alia, N. Y., July 8, 1825; received 
 an academic education; studied theology and grad- 
 uated in the theologii'al course <A the ^lethodist 
 Episcopal Church in 1854; itinerant elder in that 
 church; member of the general conference in 1^<68, 
 and for one term filled the utiice of presiding elder; 
 helped enlist the Eighth Regiment of New York 
 Heavy Artillery in 1862, and was its chaplain for 
 three years; elected to the Forty-sixth Congressas 
 a National and Democrat. 
 
 Delano, Charles, was born at Braintree, Mass., 
 in 1820; graduated from Amherst Collese in 1840; 
 studied law, and in 1840 admitted to the bar; began 
 the practice of his profession at Northamjiton, 
 Mass. ; appointed treasurer of Hampden County in 
 1850; elected a Representative from Mas.sachusetts 
 to the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican; re- 
 elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress. 
 
 Delano, Columbus, was born atShoreham, Vt., 
 in 180it; moved to Mount Vernon, Ohio, in 1817; 
 received an ai'ademic education; studied law, and 
 in 1831 admitted to the bar; elected a Represent- 
 ative from Ohio to the Twenty-ninth Congress as a 
 Whig; defeated by two votes at the Whig State 
 convention in 1847 as a candidate for the nomina- 
 tion for governor; delegate to the Republican na- 
 tional convention at Chicago whit'h nominated 
 Lincoln and Hamlin; served as State commissary- 
 general of Ohio in 1861; defeated by two votes for 
 the United States Senate in 1862; member of tlie 
 State house of representatives in 1863; delegate tu 
 the Republican national convention at Baltimore 
 which nominated Lincoln and Johnson; elected 
 to the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Repul)lican; 
 reelected to the Furtieth Congress; Geiirge W. 
 Morgan, Democrat, obtained the certificate of elec- 
 tion, liut was voted out of his seat June 3, 1868, 
 and Mr. Delano recognized; appointed by Presi- 
 dent ( irant Secretary of the Interior November 1, 
 1870, which po.«ition he held until October 19, 1875, 
 when lie resigned. 
 
 De Lano, Milton, of Canastota, N. Y., was born 
 
 at Wam]isville, Madison County, N. Y., August 11, 
 1844; received a common school education; brought 
 up a merchant's clerk; merchant for eight years; 
 three times elected town clerk of Lenox, serving 
 1867-1869; twice elected sheriff of Madison Countv, 
 N. Y., serving 1873-1875 and 1879-1881; engaged 
 in the banking and real estate business and the 
 manufacture of window glass; aided in the org .ni- 
 zation nf the Canastota Northern Railroad Com- 
 pany; delegate to the national Republican conven- 
 tion at Chicago in 1884; elected to the Fiftieth 
 
 Congress as a Republican, and reelected to the 
 Fifty-first Congress; declined a renomiuation and 
 retired from politics. 
 
 Delaplaine, Isaac C. , w as a native of New York ; 
 received an academic education; studied law and 
 admitted to the bar; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Thirty-seventh Congress as a 
 Fusionist. 
 
 De Large, Robert C, was born at Aiken, 
 S. C., March 15, 1S42; received a limited education; 
 fanner; elected a memljerof the State con.stitutional 
 convention in 1868; member of the State house of 
 representatives 1868-1870; elected State land com- 
 missioner in 1870 and .served until he was elected 
 a Representative from South Carolina to the Forty- 
 second Congress as a Republican; trial justice at 
 Charleston, "S. C, February 15, 1874. 
 
 Dellet, James, was born in Ireland in 1788; 
 emigrated to America when quite young and lo- 
 cated in South Carolina; graduated from the Uni- 
 versity of South Carolina in 1810; studied law and 
 in 1813 admitted to the l>ar; moved to Alabama in 
 1818 and located at Clailjorne; elected to the first 
 State house of representatives imder the State gov- 
 ernment in 1819 and served as its speaker; re- 
 elected in 1821 and 1825; defeated as the Whig 
 candidate for Congress in 1833; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Alabama to the Twenty-sixtli anil 
 Twenty-eighth Congresses as a Whig; died at 
 Claiborne December 21, 1848. 
 
 Deming-, Benjamin F. , was born at Danville, 
 Vt.; received an academic education; engaged in 
 mercantile pursuits; served sixteen years as clerk 
 of the county courts; elected a Representative 
 from Vermont to the Twenty-third Congress as a 
 Whig; died at Saratoga Springs, N. Y. 
 
 Deming, Henry C, was a native of Connecti- 
 cut; received a classical education and graduated 
 from Yale College in 1836; graduated from the 
 Harvard Law School in 1838; admitted to the bar 
 and began practice at New Yoi'k City; moved to 
 Hartford, Conn., in 1845; member of the State 
 house of representatives 1849, 1850, 1859, 1860, and 
 1861, serving the last year as speaker, and of the 
 State senate in 1851; entered the Union Army in 
 1861 as colonel of the Twelfth Connecticut Volun- 
 teers; appointed mayor of New ( >rleans under mar- 
 tial law; several years mayor of Hartford, Conn. ; 
 elected a Rejiresentative fror Connecticut to the 
 Thirty-eighth Ci ingress as a Republican, and re- 
 elected to the Thirty-iHiith Congress; defeated for 
 reelection to the Fortieth Congress; appointed col- 
 lector of internal revenue in 1869 and served until 
 his death, at Hartford, Conn., October 9, 1872. 
 
 De Mott, John, was a native of New Jersey; 
 moved at an early age to New York; received an 
 academic education; member of the State legisla- 
 ture in 1833; elected a Representative from New- 
 York to the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 De Motte, Mark L. , of Valparaiso, Ind., was 
 born at Rockville, Ind., l)ecemlier2S, 1832; gradu- 
 ated in the literary department of the Asbury Uni- 
 versity, at ( ireencastle, Ind., in 1853, and in the law 
 dejiartment of the same university in 1S55; began 
 the practice of law at Valparaiso during the latter 
 year; elected prosecuting attorney of his judicial 
 circuit in 18.56; served in the Army of the Union 
 during the rebellion with the rank of captain; at 
 the close of the war moved to Lexington, Mo., and 
 entered tlie practice of the law; editor and pro- 
 prietor of the Lexingtun Register; nominee of the 
 Re[)ublicans of the Eleventh Missouri district for 
 
 H. Doc. 458- 
 
 -32 
 
4V)S 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTORY. 
 
 CouKress in 1872 ami 187(>; returned to ValparaiBo, 
 Iiul., in 1S77, an<l rosiinu'il the practice of his pro- 
 (I'ssiim; dccli'd Id tlu' Koitv-scvcntli ("(iiii;rfss us 
 a Kt'publican; Slate senaltir ISSli-lSilO; in KS'.tO 
 l)e<'anic ileaii of tlie Northern Indiana Law School. 
 
 Deuison, Charles, was Imrn in Wyoininsj 
 Vullev, I'a.. .laiuiarv •_':{, ISl.S; ^'lailuateil from 
 Dickinson Colie^re in IS-Jil; slmlied law. admitted to 
 the l>ar. and commenced practice at Wilkesliarre; 
 elecleilu Kepriisi'iiiative from I'l'iiiisylvania to tlie 
 Thirty-eiirlitli ("onjrress lus a l>iMnocrat; reelecteii 
 to the Thirty-ninth and Fortietli t 'onjire.sseis, serv- 
 ing from IVcemher 7, I8(j:?, to .hme -7. 1S(>7. wlien 
 he <lied at \Villvesl>arre, Pa. 
 
 Senison, Dudley Chase, was l)orn at lioyal- 
 ton, Vt., Seplemlier l:!, ISIH; )iraduale<l from llie 
 rniversitv of Vermont in 1840; stndied law, and 
 in 1.S44 admitted to the liar; memlier of the Slate 
 senate of Vermont IS.^H-.'^, and of the State lionse 
 of repre.sentalives l,S(>l-lSi>:f: State attorney 18.1S- 
 18(i0; elected <in the .second triiU a Uepresentative 
 from Vermont to the Korty-fonrlh (.'ontrre.s.s as a 
 Kepubliean, and reelected to tlie Forty-liflh t"oi\- 
 gress. 
 
 Denning, William, was a native of the State 
 of New York: elccteil a Kei>re,sentative from that 
 State to the Kleventh Congress, butresijiued l)efore 
 tliat C\ingre.ss met. 
 
 Dennis, Georg'e B. , wa.s horn at White Haven, 
 
 Soniei-sel (.'onnly, Md.. .\|>ril >8, l.SL'l'; >.'radnated 
 from Polytechnic Institute of Troy, N. Y.. and 
 then entered the University of Virjiinia: stndied 
 medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, and 
 graduated from that instiiution in 184.S; delegate 
 from the State at large to the national Whig con- 
 vention at Philadelphia in 18."iti. ami also to the 
 Democratic national convention at New York in 
 18(W; electe<l to the Maryland Slate .senate in 18.i4 
 and to the house of ilelegates in 1.8ii7 and again to 
 the senate in 1871. and while tilling this position 
 wius elected to the United Stales .'^enate as a I )enio- 
 crat to succeed (ieorge Vickers, serving from March 
 4. 187:!, until March :?, 187H. 
 
 Dennis, John (father of ,lolin Dennis), wa.s 
 born in Somerset County, Md.; received a lib- 
 eral education; studied law and admitted to the 
 bar; served two terms in the Maryland State hon.se 
 of representative.s; elected a Representative from 
 Maryland to the Fifth t'ongre.ss and reeleeteil to 
 the .Sixth, Seventh, and Kighth Congresses: died 
 at Philadelphia .\ugnst 17, 1807. 
 
 Dennis, John (son of .lolin Pennisi, wa.« born 
 in ,S)merset County, Md.; received a liberal edii- 
 iMtion; st'rved in tlie State house of representa- 
 tives; electeil a He|>resenlative from .Marvland to 
 tlie Twenty-liftli Congress and reelected to the 
 Twenty-.sixth Congress; delegate to the State con- 
 Btitutional convention; ilied at his rural home near 
 Prince.ss Anne, Md., NoveinlK'rl, 18.')*,t. 
 
 Dennis, Littleton Purnell, was a native of 
 Maryland; graduated from Yale College in ISO.'?; 
 wrvi'd several terms in the Marvland State legisla- 
 ture; Presidential elector in 1S(X), 1811', 1811), 1824, 
 and 1.828; elected a Uepresentative from Marylami 
 to the Tweiity-thinl Congn.',ss as a Whig; died in 
 Washington,!). C., April 14, 18;!4, before the ex- 
 piration of his term. 
 
 Denuison, George, wius born in Luzerne 
 County. Pa.; receive<l an iwademic education: 
 studied law and admitte<l to the bar; serveil sev- 
 eral years as a member of the .Stale leL'islature; 
 rci-onler of Luzerne County: ekrted a Representa- 
 
 tive from Pennsylvania to the Sixteenth Congress 
 as n Democrat, and reelected to the Seventeenth 
 Congress; died at Wilkesbarre, Pa., in 18:{1. 
 
 Denny, Arthur A., w:is born in Imliana, May 
 7, 18_'2: moved with his jvareiits to Illinois iu 
 18H4 ; received a public school eilucation; surveyor 
 of Knox County l.'<4.'!-18.">l ; nmveil to Pugel.Siund 
 in 18.')1 and became a member of tlie Wiushington 
 Territorial legislature l.H."):i-b8(il; register of the 
 land olliceal Olympia 18t)l-I8t>.i; elected a Dele- 
 gate from W;i.shiiiglonTi'rritory to the Thirty-ninth 
 Congress, serving from December 4, 18l>.'), to March 
 ;!, 18117. 
 
 Denny, Harmar, was born at Pittsburg, Pa., 
 in 17!t4: graduated from Dickinson ('(dlege; studied 
 law and admitted to the bar: served one term in 
 the State legislature: elected a Representative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Twenty-lir.st Congress 
 as an anti-Ma.soii; n>el<'cte(l to theTwenty-se<-ond, 
 Twenty-third, and Twenly-fouiih Congresses as a 
 Wliig; died at Pittsl>urg, Pa., .lanuary 211, IS.V2. 
 
 Denny, James W. , of Baltimore, Md., was 
 born in the valley of Vii-ginia: attemled the male 
 aca<leniy of Rev. William .lohnson, in IJerryville; 
 three years at the University of Virginia; princi- 
 |>al of O.sage .Seminary, Osceola, St. Clair County, 
 Mo.; returned to his native State, where he enlisted 
 in Coni]>any .\, Thirty-ninth \'iiginia Battalion 
 of Cavalry, in which he served until, in l,8i).{, he 
 was detailed for service at tien. K. K. Lee"s head- 
 iiuarters, where he continued until the surrender 
 at .Vppomattox Court-House; returned to his home 
 in Clarke County and began the study of law in 
 .ludge Richard Parker's law school in Winchester; 
 after graduation and admission to the bar, in 1SI>8, 
 moved to Baltimore and In'gaii the practice of law; 
 eleited to the lirst branch of the city council in 
 U8,-<1 and reelected in 1.S82 anil became the presi- 
 di'iit thereof: inember of the house of deleg-ates of 
 Maryland in 1,888; elected to the Fifty-sixth and 
 Fifty-eight liCongres.ses as a Democrat, but defeateil 
 for the Fifty-seviMith Congres.s. 
 
 Denny. Walter McKennon. of .STanlon, 
 Jliss., was born at Moss Point, .lackson Ctiiinty, 
 Miss., Oi'tober 28, 18.53; attendetl the eonimon 
 schools anil Roanoke (Va.) College, and in 1874 
 grailnated from the law department of the Univer- 
 sity of .Mississippi; in NovenilK-r. 188:?, elwt«d 
 clerk of the circuit ami chancery iinirts of ,laekson 
 Couiity. Miss.; al.so in 1,887 ami 18itl; resigned 
 .laminry 1, !,'<!•.'>; clelegate from .lai-ksoii County to 
 the Slate constitutional convention in I.^lHI; elected 
 to the Fifty-fourth Congri.',ss as a Democrat. 
 
 Denoyelles, Peter, was a native of New York; 
 R'ceived a lilieral education; held several Unal 
 olHces; elected a Kepri'.sentative to the Thirteenth 
 Congress as a Democnit. 
 
 Denson, William H., of (Tadsden. .Ma., was 
 horn in Ru.s.sell County, Ala., Man-h 4, 184t>; left 
 the University of .Maliama in 18tvlto join theCon- 
 ft-derate army; worktil on his father's farm and 
 eommenceii reading law: admitted to the Kir and 
 eonimeiii-e<l practice at Union Springs in 1,S»>8; 
 moveil to Ijifayelte, Chambers County, .Ma., in 
 OctolHT, 1870; elected a iiiemtH'rof the lower house 
 of the general as.s»>nibly of AlalKiina in 187l>; inem- 
 Iht of the judiciary commilttH'; moveil to Gad.s- 
 den, Etowah I'ounty, in 1877: Cleveland eli-ctor 
 in 1884, mid appointitl Unitiil .States di.strict attor- 
 ney for the northern and middle districts of 
 .\liibama by Pn'sident Cleveland: chairman of the 
 Democratic .*"tate convention in 18SK): elected to 
 
BIOGRAPHIKS 
 
 499 
 
 the Fifty-third Congress as a Democrat; moved to 
 Birmingham, Ala., wliere lie engajied in the prac- 
 tice of law. 
 
 Dent, George, was born in ^hiryland; received 
 a classical education; held several local offices; 
 elected a Representative from Ahiryland to the 
 Third Confrress as a Democrat; reelected to the 
 Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Confrrcsses; elected 
 Speaker pro tempore April 20, 1798 (during the 
 illness of Speaker Dayton), and served two days; 
 appointed United States marshal for the Potomac 
 district by President ,Tefferson in ISOl. 
 
 Dent, William B. W., was born in Maryland; 
 received a common school education; studie<l law 
 and admitted to the bar; began ])racticing at New- 
 nan, Oia. ; elected a Kepresentative from Georgia 
 to the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat; died 
 at Xewn:m, (ia., Septembers, ISori, 
 
 Denver, James W., was born at Winchester. 
 Va., in 1818; received a public school education; 
 raovetl to Missouri in 1841 and taught school; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar; ser\ed as a 
 captain in tlic war with ^lexico; moved to Cali- 
 fornia in 1850; appointed secretary of state; elected 
 a Representative from California to the Thirty- 
 fourth Congress as an anti-Broderick Democrat; 
 appointedCommissionerof Indian Affairs April 17, 
 1857; resigned to become governor of Kansas .Tune 
 17, 1858, and reajipointed November 8, 1858, serv- 
 ing until March 13, 1859; died in 1892. 
 
 Depew, Chauncey Mitchell, of Peekskill, 
 X. Y., was born in that city April 2.3, 1S34; gradu- 
 ated from Yale College in 1856, and in 1887 re- 
 ceived the degree of LL. D. ; read law with Hon. 
 William Nelson, of Peek.skill, and ailmitted to the 
 bar in 1858, beginning the jiractice of his profes- 
 sion the next year; elected to the assembly in 
 IStil, and reelected in 1862, serving as chairman of 
 the committee on ways and means in the latter 
 term; led the Republican campaign in New York 
 as candidate for secretary of state in 1863, being 
 elected by 30,000 majority; refused a renomina- 
 tion; appointed minister to Japan, and confirmed 
 by the Senate, but clei'lined; .ippointed attornev 
 for the New York and Harlem Railroad Comjianv 
 in 1866, and identified with that and the New York 
 Central and Hudson River Railroa<i Company, 
 the successor of the former corporation, ami with 
 the various railroads comprising and allied to the 
 Vanderbilt system, as general counsel; became 
 president of the New York Central and Hudson 
 River Railroad in 1885; resigned in 1899 to l)ecome 
 chairman of the lioard of directors of the New York 
 Central, the Lake Shore, the :\Iichigan Central, 
 and the New York, Chicago and St. Louis Rail- 
 road companies; appointed county cl(>rk of West- 
 chester County by Covernor Fenton in 1867 and 
 resigned; made immigration commissioner by the 
 New York legislature in 1870, but declined; 
 boundary comnussioner in 1875, fixing the State 
 line with adjoining States; candidate fur lieuten- 
 ant-governor on the Liberal Republican or (ireelev 
 ticket in 1872, but acted with the Republicaii 
 liarty the next year; canvassed the State and 
 county for the party every year after 1872, as he 
 liad every year before 1872, iseginning the year he 
 graduated from Yale College; elected regent of the 
 State University and appointed one of the com- 
 missionere to build the State capitol in 1874; can- 
 didate for I'nited States Senator in 18S1, to succeed 
 Thomas C. Piatt, who had resigned, and after a 
 protracted and exciting contest, 'in wliich he re- 
 ceived the votes of a large majority of the Repub- 
 lican legislators, withdrew, and Warner- ililler 
 
 was chosen; the Senatorship was tendered him in 
 1885, but his business and professional engage- 
 ments at that time prevented acceptiince; candi- 
 ilate for the Presidential nomination at the Repul)- 
 lican national convention at Chicago in 1888, and 
 received 99 votes; delegate at large to the conven- 
 tions in 1892, 1896, and 1900, presenting the name 
 of President Harrison for renomination to the 
 [ former, and that of (iovernor Morton to the latter; 
 j and Theodore Roosevelt for Vice-President at the 
 I 1900 convention; orator on the unveiling of the 
 Statue of Liberty in New York Harbor, the statue 
 having been purchased by the contributions of the 
 people of France, and brought over here by the 
 members of the cabinet, of the legislature, and of 
 the army and navy of the French Republic — the 
 centennial celebration of the inauguration of the 
 first President of the United States, tieorge Wash- 
 ington — the opening of the great World's Fair at 
 Chicago, in 1892, celebrating the discovery of 
 America by Columbus; also selected by the legis- 
 lature to deliver the oration at the centennial cele- 
 bration of the formation of the constitution of the 
 State of New York at Kingston — at the centennial 
 of the organization of the legislature of the State 
 of New Y'ork — at the services in the legislature in 
 memory of General Sherman, General Husted, 
 and Governor Fenton, and at the memorial serv- 
 ices of Presitlent tiarfield in New York; selected 
 as the orator for the unveiling of the statue of 
 Alexander Hamilton in CentralPark, and at the 
 centennial celebration of the capture of Major An- 
 dre at Sleepy Hollow; elected to the United States 
 Senate as a Republican, to succeed Edward ;\Iur- 
 phv, jr., Democrat, and took his seat ilarch 4, 
 1899. 
 
 De Saussure. William F. , was born at ( harles- 
 ton, S. C., in 1792; graduated from Harvanl Col- 
 lege in 1810; studied law and adndtted to the 
 bar; appointed United States Senator (to fill va- 
 cancy caused by the resignation of R. B. Rhett, re- 
 signed), serving from December 20, 1852, to Jlarch 
 3, 18.53. 
 
 Desha, Joseph (brother of Robert Desha), was 
 born in Pennsylvania, Decemlier9, 1768; moved to 
 Kentucky in 1781; served in the Indian wars; 
 member of the State legislature; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Kentucky to the Tenth Congress; 
 reelected to the Eleventh, Twelfth, Tliirteenth, 
 Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Congresses; governorof 
 Kentucky 1824-1828; died at Georgetown, Kv., 
 October 13, 1842. 
 
 Desha, Robert (brother of .loseph Desha), was 
 a native of Pennsylvania; while quite yoimg im- 
 migrated to Tennessee; served as captaiii and 
 brigade major in the war of 1812; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Tennessee to the Twentieth Con- 
 gress and reelected to the Twentv-first Congress; 
 died February 8, 1849. 
 
 Destrehan, John Noel, was elected a United 
 States Senator from Louisiana, but resigned in 
 1812, never having taken his seat. 
 
 Deuster, Peter Victor, of MilVankee, Wis., 
 wa-s born near Aix-la-Chaiielle, in Rhenish Pru.s- 
 sia, (iermany, February 1.3, 1831; received an ele- 
 mentary and academical education; emigrated with 
 his parents to the United States in May, 1847, and 
 settled at Milwaukee, Wis.; entered a printing 
 office; pulilished and edited the first literary paper 
 in Milwaukee, and in KS5(> became editor of the 
 Alilwaukee See-Bote, a daily Democratic paper; 
 elected to the lower bou.se of the State legislature 
 in 1862, and member of the State senate in 1870 
 
500 
 
 OONORESSIONAI. DIKKCToin 
 
 ami 1S71; electeil to the Forty-sixtli C'onj;i">'*'!* as a 
 Democrat, ami recK-cti'd to the Forty-seventh ami 
 Forty-eijjrhth Coiifrresses. 
 
 De Vries, Marion, of Stucktoii, San .loaiiuin 
 County, Cal., \v:i?< lupin m;ir W noilliriilne, in saiil 
 foiintv, Au;:iist l'), KSii.'); ciUicati'il iu tlie |nit)lic 
 schools of saiil c<iiuity until I'l years of afje, at 
 whicli time he entered San ,hia(|uin N'alley College 
 at Wooilhriil'ie; graduated in 18S(i, having con- 
 ferred upon liini there the degree of Pli. B. ; 
 entered the I'niversity of Michigan law depart- 
 ment; gra<luateil in l.SSSwith ilegn^e of 1,1,. 1!.; 
 admitted to the supreme courtof Michigan in 1S,S7 
 and of California in tlie same year; commenced 
 the practice of law at Stockton, .lanuary 1, ISSil, 
 with ,Iohn B. Hall; .\\igust 1, ISS'l, fcirn'ied a co- 
 partnership with \V. B. Nutter; assistant district 
 attornev for San ,Ioaiiuin County from ,Ianuarv, 
 1893, to Fehruary, 1H!I7; elected to the Kifty-lifth 
 Congress a.s a I)emoc?at, indorsed hy the I'eopU's 
 Party, ami to the Fifty-sixth Congress; ri'signed 
 August lit, 1900, to acce|>t a place on the Board of 
 General Appraisers at New York City. 
 
 Dewart, Lewis, was born in Pennsylvania; 
 elected a Kcprescntative from tliat State to the 
 Twenty-seciind Congress as a ,Iackson Democrat. 
 
 Dewart, William L., was horn in Pennsylva- 
 nia; received aconnnon school education; studied 
 law and adndtted to the bar; defeated as a Demo- 
 cratic candidate for tlie Thirty-fourth Congress; 
 elected to tlie Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat; 
 <lelVated for reelection. 
 
 Daweese, John T., was born in Crawford 
 County, .\rk., ,lane 4, 183.T; studied law anil ail- 
 initted to the bar; entered the Cnion .\rniy in 
 18til; resigned his position as lieutenant in the 
 .Vrmy and apjioiiited register in bankru|itcy for 
 North Carolina; elected a Ke|)ie.sentative from 
 that State to the Fortieth Congress as a Kepnb- 
 lican, and reelected to the Fortv-lirst Congress, 
 serving from .Inly (J, 1868, to February U'8, 1870, 
 when he resigned. 
 
 Dewey, Daniel, was born at Sheffield, Ma.-^s., 
 .lannary L'9, 17()t); educated at Yale College; stuil- 
 ied law, and admitted to the liar; treasurer of 
 Williams College 179,8-1814; member of the gov- 
 ernor's council 1809-1812; elected a Representative 
 from Miu«.>iachu.setts to the Thirteenth C'ongress, 
 serving from May 1*4, 181.S, to 1814. when lie re- 
 signed: appointed byiioveruor Strong a jiKlge of 
 the supreme court of .Ma.ssachusetts in |8I4, and 
 served until hi-? death, wliich occurreil May 2H, 
 
 18].i. 
 
 De Witt, Alexander, was born at New Brain- 
 tree, Ma.-s.. April '.', 1798; received an acadennc 
 education; became a manufacturer, and erected a 
 large spinning mill at ( )xford; member of the State 
 house of repre.-entatives 18:{0-ls;W; State senator 
 1842, 1844, 18.iO, and I8.")l; member of the consti- 
 tutional convention in 18.i.'j; electi'd a liepresenta- 
 tive from .Massachusetts to the Thirty-third Con- 
 gn'S* as an American; reelecteil to the Thirty- 
 fourth Congre.-'s; defeated for reelection as the 
 .\merii'an candidate. 
 
 De Witt, Charles, was born at Kingston, N. Y., 
 
 in 1728; received a cla.ssic!il education: I'lected a 
 delegate from New York to the Continental Coii- 
 gre.ss 178.'{-178.5; died at Kingston, N. Y., Septem- 
 ber 12, 1787. 
 
 De Witt, Charles O. , was born in Newhnrgli, 
 
 N. Y., ill l.sOL'; clectiMla Kepri'.-entalive Ir Ni-w 
 
 York to the Twenty-first Congress as a Democrat; 
 
 appointed charge <le affaires to Central .\merica 
 .lanuary 29, 1833; returned home iu February, 
 18,39, and died at his home in Newburgh April 13, 
 1839. 
 
 De Witt, David Miller, was horn at Paterson, 
 N. .1., November 2."), 1837; received a liberal e<lu- 
 cation; graduated from Rutgers College, New 
 Brunswick, ,Imie, I.8."i8; studied law and was ad- 
 niitteil to the bar; elected district attorney of 
 Ulster Comity in the fall of 18ti2 and 186.'); elected 
 a Hepreseiitative from .New York to the Forty- 
 third Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 De Witt, Francis B., of Paulding, Ohio, was 
 born in .lacksmi Cuunty, liid., March 11, 1849; 
 nioveil with his parents in 18.'>4 to a farm in Dela- 
 ware County, Ohii>; enlisted in the Fortv-sixth 
 Ohio Ketriment at the age of 12 and served at the 
 battle of Sbiloli and during theCorinth campaign; 
 nmsti'ivd out for temjiorary disability, and reeii- 
 listed, in 18li2, in lhr( )iie humlreil and twenty-first 
 Ohio Kegiment, serving until the close of the re- 
 bellion; prisoner of warat Salisbury, Danville, and 
 l-ibby; attended the common scJiool, the high 
 school at <ialena, Ohio, the National Normal School 
 at Lebanon, Ohio, and tlie(>hio Wesleyan Cniver- 
 sity at Delaware; taught school fur live terms; ad- 
 mitted to the jiracticeof law in 1870, and followed 
 his profe-isiou at Paulding until 1891; moveil to his 
 farm; elected on the Kepubliian ticket in 1891 to 
 represent Paulding County in the < Hiio legislature; 
 reelected in 1893, from which jiosition lie resigned 
 on March 4, 189.t; elected to the Fifty-fourth Con- 
 gress as a Re]iublican. 
 
 De Witt, Jacob H., was born in I'lsterConnty, 
 .v. Y., in 1784; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Sixteenth Congre.-^s as a Democrat; 
 member of the State liou.'^e of representatives in 
 1839 and again in 1847; died at Kingston, N. Y., 
 .lanuary .30, l,S-")7. 
 
 De Wolf, James, was born at Bristol, R. I., in 
 1763; elected a I'll ited States Senator from that State, 
 serving from December ii, 1821, to December, 182.i, 
 whtn he resigned; died at New York Citv, Deceni- 
 Iht 21, 1837. 
 
 Dexter, Samuel, was born in Ma-ssachusetts 
 May 14, 17(il; gradiiateil from Harvard College in 
 1781; stn<lied law ami admitteil to the bar; inem- 
 lierof theState houscof representatives 178,8-1790; 
 eU'cted a Ke|>resentalive from Massju-hnsetts to the 
 Third Congress as a Federalist; electi><l to the 
 L'nited States Senate, serving from Decemln'r 2, 
 1799, until he resigned in ,lune, 1800; appointeil 
 Secretary of War l>y President Adams May 13, 
 18(K); and Secretary of the Treasury l)ecenilier 31, 
 I8(K1; di'cliiicd the" mission to Spain offered him 
 by President Madison: while on his way home 
 with his familv from Wa.shington, D. C., dieil at 
 Athens, N. Y.,'May 3, 1816; published The Prog- 
 ress of Science (a piH'in I, 17.80, also Speeches and 
 Political Papers, and several other political pani- 
 lihlets. 
 
 Dezendorf, John F. , of Norfolk, Va., was bom 
 at the tiiwii of Ijinsingburg. N. Y., .\ngust 10, 
 1834; received an acaileniic education; learned the 
 carjienter's trade; stndieil architecture, surveying, 
 and civil engiiieering; engaged on railroad ami 
 other Imildings at ToUhIo and Cleveland, Ohio, 
 I8."itt-I860; mercantile lairsuits 1.86((-18(i2; moved 
 to Norfolk, Va., in 186.3 and engaged in the shii>- 
 ping business until l,8»iti: i-ity and county surveyor 
 of Norfolk city and county l.S()i>-18il9: assistant 
 a.s.ses.sor of the I'liiteil Stales intt-riial revenue 
 1869-1871; apprai.-er of merchandise at the Norfolk 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 501 
 
 custom-house 1872-1877; delegate to the national 
 Eepublican convention at Cincinnati in 187H; de- 
 feated as the Eepublican candidate for Congress in 
 1878; elected to the Forty-seventh Congress as a 
 Republican; died June 22, 1894, at Norfolk, Va. 
 
 Dibble, Samuel, of Orangeburg, S. C. , was 
 born at Charleston, S. C, September 16, 1837; re- 
 ceived his early education in his native city and 
 at Bethel, (jonn., and his at'ademic education at 
 the high school of Charleston; entered the College 
 of C;harleston in 1853 and Wofford College, Spar- 
 tanburg, S. C, where he graduated in 1856; en- 
 gaged in teaching, and studied law; admitted to 
 the bar in 1859, and conunenced jjractice at Orange- 
 burg, S. C. ; volunteered at the beginning of the 
 late civil war as a private in the Confederate army, 
 and served until its close in the First and Twenty- 
 first regiments of South Carolina Volunteers, at- 
 taining the rank of first lieutenant; resumed the 
 practice of law at Orangeburg, S. C; elected a 
 member of the State house (if representatives in 
 1877; elected a trustee of the University of South 
 Carolina in 1878; chairman of executive commit- 
 tee of South Carolina Agricultural College and 
 Mechanics' Institute for colored students (abranch 
 of the State University); elected to and took his 
 seat in the Forty -seventh Congress as a Democrat 
 (filling the vacancy occasioned by the death of 
 Hon. M. P. O'Connor), but Mr. O'Connor's claim 
 to an election having been successfully contested, 
 Mr. Dibble as a consequence lost his seat in said 
 Congress; reelected to the Forty-eighth Congress 
 as a Democrat, and reelected to the Forty-ninth, 
 Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses. 
 
 Dibrell, George G. , of Sparta, Tenn., was liorn 
 in White County April 22, 1822; received a good 
 common school educati<in; farmer; member of the 
 legislature of Tennessee; member of the State 
 convention that framed a constitution of Tennes- 
 see; held several local offices; volunteered in the 
 Confederate army as a private, and jiromotcd to 
 brigadier-general; elected to the Forty-fourth, 
 Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty- 
 eighth Congresses as a Democrat ; died May 9, 1888. 
 
 Dick, Charles, of Akron, Ohio; lawyer; born 
 at Akron, Ohio, Novembers, 1858; upon the death 
 of Stephen A. North way in 1898, elected as a 
 Kepiiblican to the Fifty-fifth Congress; reelected 
 to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth 
 Congresses. 
 
 Dick, John, was a native of Meadville, Tenn.; 
 received a common school education; elected a 
 Representative from Pennsylvania to tlie Thirty- 
 third Congress as a Whig; reelected to the Thirty- 
 fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Dick, Samuel, was a native of New Jersey; 
 received a lil)eral education; studied medicine; 
 Delegate from New Jersey t(j the Continental Con- 
 gress in 178:3 and 1784; died in New Jersey in 
 November, 1812. 
 
 Dick, Samuel B., of Meadville, Pa., was born 
 at Meadville, Pa., October 26, 1836; educated at 
 Allegheny College, Meadville, Pa.; banker; en- 
 listed and commanded the first company of troops 
 for the war from Crawford County in April, 1861, 
 which was subsequently known as Company F, 
 Ninth Regiment Pennsylvania Reserve Corp.s; se- 
 verely wounded at Dranesville, Va., December 20, 
 1861; subsequently served as colonel of the regi- 
 ment up to Feliruary, 1863, when he resigned on 
 account of ill health from wounds and exposure; 
 in July, 1873, commanded brigade of Pennsylvania 
 State Militia in West Virginia; Presidential elec- 
 
 tor in 1864; mayor of Meadville in 1870; elected to 
 the Forty-sixth Congress as a Republican; presi- 
 ilent of the Pittsburg and Lake Erie Railroad Com- 
 pany until April, 1900. 
 
 Dickens, Samuel, was born in North Carolina; 
 received an academic education; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from North Carolina to tlie Fourteenth 
 Congress, in place of Richard Stanford, deceased, 
 serving from Decendier 2, 1816, to March 3, 1S17. 
 
 Diokerson, Mahlon (brother of Philemon 
 ! Dickerson), was born at Hanover, N. J., April 17, 
 1770; graduated from Princeton College in 1789; 
 studied law and in 1793 was admitted to the bar; 
 began the ])ractice of his profession at Philadel- 
 plna; quartermaster-general of Pennsylvania, 1 805- 
 1S08; recurder of the city court of Philadelphia, 
 1808-1810; returned to New Jersey; meml)er of 
 the State house of representatives in 1814; gover- 
 nor of New Jersey, 1815-17; elected United States 
 Senator from New Jersey as a State Rights Demo- 
 crat, serving from Decemljer 1, 1817, to March 2, 
 1833; appointed by President Jackson Secretary of 
 the Navy June 30, 1834, and reappointed by Presi- 
 dent Van Buren; United States district judge of 
 the district of New Jersey; delegate to the State 
 constitutional convention in 1844; president of the 
 American Institute, 1846-1848; died at his home 
 in Succasunna, Morris Countv, N. J., October 5, 
 1853. 
 
 i Dickerson, Philemon ( brother of Mahlon 
 Dickerson), was born in Morris County, N. J., in 
 1792; rei;ei\ed a classical educatii n; studied law 
 and aduiitted to the bar; began the practice of his 
 profession at Paterson, N. J.; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New Jersey to the Twenty-third 
 Congress as a Democrat, and reelected to the 
 Twenty-fourth Congress, from which he resigned 
 in 1836, having been elected governor of New 
 Jersey; elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress; 
 judge of the United States district court for the 
 di.strict of New Jersey; died at Paterson, N. J., 
 December 10, 1862. 
 
 Dickerson, W. W. , of Williamstown, Ky., was 
 
 Ijorn in Grant County, Ky., November 29, 1851; 
 
 educated in the public schools and in the private 
 
 school of Prof. N. M. Lloyd, at Crittenden, Ky, ; 
 
 read law and admitted to the bar in 1872; elected 
 
 county atti^rney in August, 1874, for a term of 
 
 four years; elected a member of the State house 
 
 of rejjresentatives in December, 1885; elected a 
 
 member of the State senate in August, 1887, for 
 
 four years; elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-first 
 
 j Congress June 21, 1890, to fill a vacancy causi^d by 
 
 j the resignation of John G. Carlisle, and reelected 
 
 i to the Fifty-second Congress. 
 
 Dickey, Henry L., of OJreenfield, Ohio, was 
 born at South Salem, Ross County, Ohio, Octol)er 
 29, 1832; ret'civeil his early education at the 
 Greenfield Academy; jnirsued the occu|)ation of a 
 civil engineer, and in that capacity had charge of 
 the construction of the Marietta and Cincinnati 
 Railroad in Vinton County, Ohio, resigning his 
 position as engineer in 1855; studied law and was 
 ! admitted to tlie bar, and attended the Cincinnati 
 Law School, graduating in 18.59; elected in 1860 
 to the general assendily of Ohio, and in 1867 tci the 
 State senate; elected to the Forty-fifth and Forty- 
 sixth Congresses as a Democrat; resumed the 
 practice of law. 
 
 Dickey, Jesse C, was born in Chester County, 
 Pa.; elected a Representative from I^ennsylvania 
 to the Twenty-first Congress as a Whig. 
 
502 
 
 C0NORES81ON.M. DIRECTORY. 
 
 Dickey, John, wan liorii iit Heaver, Pa.; re- 
 ceiveil a liberal eiliicMtiim; electecl a Kepn-senta- 
 tivi' I'rniii rcmisvlvania to the 'l'u<iity-c'if;lilh t'nii- 
 j;tessas a Wlii;;; elected tn the Thirl ietli ('<iM;;ie!Js; 
 aj>|ininteil I'liiteil States marshal for the western 
 (listriet (if I'eniisvlvariia; dieil at Beaver, I'a., 
 March H, ISfili. 
 
 Dickey, Oliver J., was luini in Old Hri^rhton, 
 I'a., April ti, l.Sl';5; received a liberal ediicatiim; 
 sindied law and was admitted to the bar; district 
 attorney for Lancaster Comity, IS'iti-lSSS); elected 
 a Re|iresentativefroni Pennsylvania to the Kortieth 
 Congress to fill the vacancy eansed by the death 
 of Tliaddens Stevens, and electeil to the Korty-lirst 
 Conjiress as a Ke|)iiblican; reelected to the Korty- 
 second Congress; died at Liinea-ster, Pa., April 21, 
 1876. 
 
 Dickinson, Daniel Stevens, was born at 
 (ioslien. Conn., September 11, 1,H(I0; moved with 
 his jiarenls to Chenango Comity, N. Y., in l.SOd; 
 received a ])iil>lic .school education; studied law 
 and was admitted to the bar in \X'M; be^aii prac- 
 tice at I?in{;hamton, N. Y., in IS.'il; State .senator, 
 l,S,'i7- 184(1; lientenant-'iovernor, iiresideiit of the 
 senate, and president of the court of errortf, 1842- 
 1844; ilelet;ate to the national Democratic conven- 
 tion and a Presidential elector on the I'olk ticket 
 in 1S44; appointed I'liitt'd States Senator (to till 
 the vacancy caused by the resiirnation of N. P. 
 Tallniadjie) as a I>emoirat, and afterwards electeil, 
 servinj; from December !>, 1.S44, to March S, 18.t1; 
 dele^-ate to the national Democratic convention of 
 \Hn2; elected attorney-neneral of the State of New 
 York in 18(>1; delegate to the national Kepnblican 
 convention of lS(i4; l'nite<l Slates district attorney 
 for the southern district of New York; died at 
 New York City, April 12, ]8()ti. 
 
 Dickinson, David W., was born at Franklin. 
 Tenn., in 1807; received a liberal education; 
 elected a Representative from Tenneseee to the 
 Twenty-thinl Congress a.s a r>einocrat; ele<-ted to 
 the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig; prevented 
 on account of his failing health from attending the 
 last session, and died, near Murfreeshoro, Tenn., 
 April 27, 1845. 
 
 Dickinson, Edward, was born at Amherst, 
 Ma.-^s., .lanuary 1. 180:!; graduated from Yale Col- 
 lege in l.'<2.'i; stmlied law. ami was admitted to the 
 bar in 182(>; began the practice of his profession 
 at Amhei-st; treasurer of Amherst (\)llege several 
 veal's; member of the Slate house of reiiresenta- 
 tives in 1839, and of the Stale senate 1842-4:-!, and 
 of the governor's council 184(3-47; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Ma.ssachusetts to the Thirty-third 
 Congress as a Whig; again a nu-mber of the Slate 
 liouse of representatives in 187.!; died .luue l(i, 
 1874. 
 
 Dickinson, Edward F. , was born at Premont, 
 Ohio, .lanuary 21, IS'.'li; received a liberal ediua- 
 tion; gi-aduat'ed from the St. Xavier Collei.'e, Cin- 
 cinnati, Ohio; studied law; admitlid to the bar; 
 liegan |iraclicing at Kreinont, Ohio; serve(l in tlie 
 Vnion .\rniy for over three years as lientenant- 
 (piarlerinaslerof the Kighth Ohio Infantry; electeil 
 judge of the Sandusky Comity jirobate court in 
 18t)(i; elected a Representative fnmi Ohio to the 
 Korty-lirst Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Dickinson, John, was born in Maryland No- 
 vember i:!, 17.'!2; receiviMl a liberal education; 
 Hindied law in Philadelphia and at the Temple in 
 I»ndoii; admitted to Ihe bar and bi'gan imicticing 
 at I'hiladelphia; meinbir of Ihe Piimsylvania 
 assembly in I'dA; Delegate from Delaware to the 
 
 Colonial Concress in 17()5. and to the Continental 
 Congress in 1774-177(5 and 1779-80; brigadier-gen- 
 eral nf Pennsylvania militia; jiresidi'iit of the State 
 of Delaware 1781; relurneil to PhiUulelphiaaiid in 
 1782-178.5 president of Pennsylvania; die<l at Wil- 
 inington, Del.. Pebruary 14, 1808. 
 
 Dickinson, John D. , was born in Middles«'X 
 County, Conn., in 17ii7; graduated from Yale Col- 
 lege in 17S.5; studieil law, and after being admitted 
 to the bar began jiracticingat Troy, X. Y.; member 
 of the. Slate house of repres<»nlalivesin 1817; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the Sixteenth 
 Congress as a Federalist; reelecteil to the Seven- 
 teenth Congres,s; elected to the Twentieth CongreKs 
 a.s a Whig, and reelected to the Twenty-first Con- 
 gress; died at Troy, N. Y., January 28,' 1.S41. 
 
 Dickinson, Philemon, wiis born near Dover, 
 Del.. April 5, 17:i!>; received a liln'ral education; 
 studied me(licine and began i>racticing near Tren- 
 ton; served in the .\rmy of the Kevolution, coni- 
 nianding the New .lersey Militia; elected a Dele- 
 gate from New .Jersey to the Continental Congress; 
 elected a United Stales Si'iiator from New Jersey 
 (in ])lace of William Patterson, resigned), serving 
 from December 0. 171K). to March 2, 17!W; died at 
 Trenton. X. .1.. Felirnary 4, ISllO, 
 
 Dickinson, Rudolphus, was born in Mas-sa- 
 ehusetts ill 1798; received a public school educa- 
 tion; moved to lyower SaiKbiskv, Ohio: elected a 
 Representative from Ohio to the Tliirti<-th Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; reelecteil to the Thirty-tii-st 
 Congress, serving from >hircli 4, 1,S47. to March 
 12, 1840; died March 12, 1849. 
 
 Dickson, John, was a native of Vermont; grad- 
 uated from Midcllebiiry College in 1.S08; studied 
 lawaiiil wasadmitleil to the bar; began practicing 
 at West Bloomtield, N. Y.; member >A the Slate 
 house of rc|ireseiilalives in 1829-:!0; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New York to Ihe Twenly-seeoinl 
 Congress as a Whig; reelected to the Twenty-third 
 Congress. 
 
 Dickson, Joseph ( Dixon l, was a native of 
 North Carolina; served in the war of the Revolu- 
 tion; eliMleil a Representative from North Caro- 
 lina to the Sixth Congress. 
 
 Dickson, Samuel, was born in New York in 
 1807; given a liberal education; studied medicine 
 and practiced at New Scotland, N. Y.; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the Thirty- 
 fourlii Congress as a Whig; died at New Si'otland, 
 N. Y., May :i, 18,58. 
 
 Dickson, William, was born in Tennessee; re- 
 ceived a public school education; devoted himself 
 to agricnllnral )im-snits; electeil a Representative 
 from Tennes.see to the Seventh, Kighth, and Ninth 
 Congresses. 
 
 Dietrich, Charles Henry, of Ilaslings, Nebr., 
 was burn of (ierinan parentage at .\nrora. 111., 
 
 .N'ovember 2li, 18.5,'{; moved to Deadw 1, 1». 
 
 Dak., in the winter of 187."i-7t); located at Hast- 
 ings, Nebr., in 1878; engageil in mercantile busi- 
 ness; organized the Cierman National Rank in 
 1887; president of the same; elected governor of 
 Nebraska in 19(X>, and eleited Cnited States 
 •Senator as a Republican Jhirch 28, ptOl, to fill 
 out the unexpired term of Ihe late Senator I lay- 
 ward, succeeding W. V. .\lleii. appointed by (iov- 
 enmr Poynter; resigned the governorship .May 1, 
 1901, and took his seat in the I'nitetl Statt-s Senate 
 Deceml).'r2. 1901. 
 
 Dillingham, Paul, jr., was l)orn at Shutcs- 
 bury. -Ma-ss., .\ugusl 'v IsOO; inovetl with his 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 503 
 
 father to Waterbury, Vt., in ISOo; received an 
 academic education; studied law and in 1824 
 admitted to the bar; began practicing at Water- 
 bury; justice of tlie peace 1826-1844; town clerk 
 of Waterbury 1829-1844; prosecuting attorney 
 for Washington County 1835-1838; delegate to 
 the State constitutional convention 1836-37; mem- 
 ber of the State house of representatives 1836- 
 1840, and of the State senate 1841 and 1842; 
 elected a Representative from Vermont to the 
 Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, and 
 reelected to the Twenty-ninth Congress. 
 
 Dilling-ham, "William Paul, of Montpelier, 
 Vt., was born at Waterbury, Vt., December 12, 
 1843; received an academic education; admitted 
 to the bar in 1867; State attorney for Washington 
 County two terms; commis.sioner of State taxes 
 for several years; member of the Vermont house 
 of representatives in 1876 and again in 1884; State 
 senator from Washington County in 1878 and 
 again in 1880; governor of Vermont from 1888 to 
 1890; October 18, 1900, elected United States 
 Senator from Vermont as a Republit'an to till the 
 vacancy caused liy the death of Justin S. Morrill, 
 and on October l.'i, 1902. elected to succeed himself. 
 
 Dimmick, Mile M., was a native of Monroe 
 County, Pa.; by his own efforts secured a classical 
 education; studied law; admitted to the bar; Ije- 
 gan pra(.'ticing at Stroudsburg, Pa. ; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-tirst 
 Congress as a Democrat and reelected to the Thirty- 
 second Congress; resumed tlie ])ra(;tice of law; 
 elected president-judge of the twenty-second ju- 
 dicial circuit of Pennsylvania in 1853; died at 
 Mauchchunk, Pa., November 21, 1872. 
 
 Dimmick, William H., was born at ililford. 
 Pa., December 20, 1S15; received a liVieral educa- 
 tion; studied law and was admitted to the bar, and 
 began practicing at Honesdale, Pa.; prosecuting 
 attorney for AVayne County 1836-37; member of 
 the State senate 1845, 1846, and 1847; elected a 
 Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty- 
 fifth Congress as a Democrat and reelected to the 
 Thirty-sixth Congress; died at Honesdale, Pa., 
 August 2, 1.S61. 
 
 Dimock, Davis, jr. , was a native of Susque- 
 hanna County, Pa. ; elected a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Twenty-seventh Congress, 
 serving from May 31, 1841, until his death, Jan- 
 uary 13; 1842, at Montrose, I'a. 
 
 Dingley, Nelson, jr., of Lewiston, Me., was 
 born at Durham, Androscoggin County, Me., Feb- 
 ruary 15, 1832; graduated fi-om Dartmouth College 
 in the class of 1855; studied law and admitted to 
 the bar, but left the profession to become [iropri- 
 etor and editor of the Lewiston ( Me. ) Journal in 
 1856; member of the State house of representa- 
 tives in 1862-1865, 1868, and 1873; speaker of 
 the State house of representatives in 1863 and 
 1864; governor of Maine in 1874 and 1875; re- 
 ceived the degree of IjL. D. from Bates College in 
 1874; delegate to the national Republican conven- 
 tion in 1876; elected to the Forty-seventh Congress 
 as a Reijublican, at a special election September 
 12, 1881, to fill tlu' vacancy caused by the election 
 of Hon. William P. Frye to the United States 
 Senate; reelected to the Fortv-eighth, Fortv-ninth, 
 Fiftieth, Fifty-first, Fiftv-second, Fifty-third, 
 Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, and Fifty-sixth Con- 
 gresses; chairman of the Committee on Wavs and 
 Means during the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Con- 
 gresses; died at A\'ashington, D. C, Januarv 13, 
 1899. 
 
 Dinsmoor, Samuel, was born at Windham, 
 N. H., July 1, 1766; received a classical education 
 and graduated from Harvard College 1789; studied 
 law and admitted to tlie bar; began practicing 
 at Keene, N. H.; elect*>d a Representative from 
 New Hampshire to the Twelfth Congress as a War 
 Democrat; defeated forreelection to theThirteentli 
 Congress; State councilor in 1821; Presidential 
 elector on the Monroe ticket in 1821; defeated as 
 a candidate for governor; judge of probate of Che- 
 shire County 1823-1831; member of the boundary 
 commission which estalalished the boundary line 
 between New Hampshire and Massachusetts in 
 1825; governor of New Hampshire 1831-1833; died 
 at Keene, N. H., March 15, 1835. 
 
 Diusmore, Hugh Anderson, of Fayetteville, 
 Ark., was born in Benton County, Ark., Decem- 
 ber 24, 1850; educated in private schools in Benton 
 and Washington counties; studied law at Benton- 
 ville; appointed clerk of the circuit court for Ben- 
 ton County in April, 1873; admitted to the bar; 
 moved to Fayetteville in April, 1875, and engaged 
 in the jiractice of law; in September, 1878, elected 
 prosecuting attorney of the fourth judicial district 
 of Arkansas; reelected in 1880 and again in 1882; 
 Presidential elector in 1884 on the Democratic 
 ticket; in January, 1887, appointed by President 
 Cleveland to be minister resident and consul- 
 general of the United States to the Kingrlom of 
 Korea, serving until May 25, 1890; elected to the 
 Fifty-third Congress as a Democrat; reelected to 
 the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty- 
 seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses. 
 
 Disney, David Tiernan, was born at Balti- 
 more, Md., in 1803; received a common school 
 education; moved with his parents to Ohio in 1807; 
 studied law; admitted to the bar and began prac- 
 ticing at Cincinnati; member of the State house of 
 representatives for several years, and served as 
 speaker three years; took an active part in the 
 JSIexican w'ar; elected a Representative from Ohio 
 to the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat; re- 
 elected to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third 
 Congresses; tendered a mission to Spain by Presi- 
 dent Buchanan, but declined; died at Washington, 
 D. C, March 14, 1857. 
 
 Diven, Alexander S., was born at Catharine, 
 N. Y., February 15, 1809; received a common 
 school education; studied law and admitted to the 
 bar; began practicing at Elinira; member of the 
 State senate in 1858; elected a Representative 
 from New Yor* to the Thirty-seventh Congress as 
 a Repul:)lican ; died in 1895. 
 
 Dix, John Adams, was born at Boscawen, 
 
 N. H., July 24, 1798; received a liberal education; 
 served through the war of 1812; studied law, and 
 after having made a European tour was admitted to 
 the bar; began practice at Cooperstown, N.Y.; adju- 
 tant-general of New York in 1.831; secretary of the 
 Democratic national convention at Baltimore in 
 1828; secretary of state of New York in 1833; re- 
 gent of the university, member of the council, and 
 canal commissioner; member of the State house of 
 representatives from Albany in 1842; elected a 
 United States Senator from New York (to fill the 
 vacancy occasioned by the death of Silas Wright) as 
 a Democrat, servingfrom.Tanuary27, 1845, to March 
 3, 1849; appointed postmaster of the city of New 
 York in 1860; Secretary of the Treasury January 
 11, 1861, to March 3, 1861; served in the Union 
 Army as major-general 1861-1865; naval officer of 
 the jjort of New Y'ork; minister to France from 
 September 24, 1866, to May 23, 1869; governor of 
 New York 1873-1875; defeate<l as the Republican 
 
504 
 
 CONCIRESSIONAL DTRKCTORY. 
 
 luiuliiliito for jrovernor ill 1S74 an<l :is the Ht'imti- 
 licim camliilati* lor mayor of New York City in 
 1S7I>; iirosiilt'iit of Krii' KailroHil ami also of the 
 I'liioii I'ai'ilie Kailroatl; dieil in New York Citv 
 Ai.ril 21, ISTil. 
 
 Dixon, Archibald, wsu-i horn in Caswell 
 County, N". C., Ai)ril 2. ISOL'; niovetl with his 
 father to llcmlerson County, Ky., in 1M15; re- 
 leiviil u coninion school edunition; studieil law: 
 adinitttMl to the har. ami htpm practicinvr at llen- 
 ilei-son, Kv.; inenilu'r of the State house of repre- 
 seiitatives'in ISIil) and IS-ll anil of the State senate 
 in ISSli; lieuti'nant-;.'iivernor in 1S4:>; nieniher of 
 the State eonstitutionaleonvention in lS4il; elected 
 a I'nited States Senator from Kentucky (to till the 
 vacancy caused hv the death of Henry Clay) as a 
 Wilier, and served from Pecemlier L'6, 1851', until 
 March '.i. 1S.V); dele^iite to the Frankfort peace 
 connnission in lSti;{; diet! at Henderson, Kv., 
 April 1':?, 1870. 
 
 Dixon, James, was Imrn at Knfield, Conn., 
 .\uj:ust ^. 1S14: tjraduated from Williams Colle}^' 
 in 1S:!4; stuilied law; admitted to the har; mem- 
 herof the Stale houseof representatives 1 S:>7- 1 .^.SS 
 and 1S44; elected a Kepresentative from Connecti- 
 cut to the Twenty-ninth Conjrri'.ss as a Whi;;: 
 reelected to the Thirtieth Conjiress; apiin elected 
 to the State house of representatives in lSo4; de- 
 feateil as a candidate for the liiited States Senate; 
 elected a Cnited States Senatorasa Kepul>lican (to 
 succeed Krancisliilletio, KreeSoilcr) and reelected, 
 serving from March 4, IM-")7, to March M, IStiil; de- 
 feateil as a IVmocititic candidate for the Cnited 
 Stales .Senate in ISiiS; defeated as a Democratic 
 candidate for Kepresentative in the Forty-lirst 
 Conjiri'S!-; died at Hartford, Conn., March ■J7, 
 KS78. 
 
 Dixon, Joseph, of North Carolina, was elected 
 a Kepresentative from North Carolina to the 
 I'orty-lii-st t'onnross to succeed Pavid Heaton (de- 
 cea.seil) and took his seat IVivmher .i, 1S70, serv- 
 ing; until March .'!, 1S7I. 
 
 Dixon, Nathan F. ( father of Nathan F. Dixon), 
 was horn at I'lainlield, Conn., 1774; graduate<l 
 from Brown liiiversity in 17i>!t; studied law. and 
 in ISO'.' was admitted to the har; hegan praclicinp 
 at Westerlv, H. I.; memln'r of the general as.sem- 
 hly lMi:!-l"s:>0; elccteil a Vnited States Senator 
 from Kh :>de Island as a Whig, serving from De- 
 eeinlx-r 2, ISIHt, until .lanuary 2!>, 1842, when he 
 died at Washington, D. C. ^ 
 
 Dixon, Nathan F., waslxirn at Westerly, K. 1., 
 Mav 1, IMJ; ri'ci'ived a cliu^ical education and 
 ■;radnalid (mm Ihowit Cniversity; studied law at 
 the Caruhridgcand New Haven law schools; metn- 
 hcr of the general a.s.semlily i>f Khode Island 
 184(VI,S4'l, lS"il, lSi2, 18.>=>-l,st):{; ai)pointed inem- 
 IxT of the governor's council in 1S42; Presidential 
 elector in l.>^44; eleetinl a Representative from 
 Khode Island to the Thirty-lirst Congrt-ss as a 
 Whig; elected to the Thirty-eighth Congre.ss as a 
 Kepni.lican and reelected ' to the Thirtv-ninth. 
 I'ortielh, and Forty-lirst Congre.sses; declined to 
 1h' a canilidate for reelei-tion; resumeil the practice 
 of law; againelected lo the general a-'si-ndilv from 
 1872 to 1877; diwl at Wt-sterlv, R. I.. April 11, 
 1881. 
 
 Dixon. Nathan FoUowu, was horn at West- 
 erly, K. I., August 28, 1.S47; littetl (or eollegi- at 
 We-sU-rly and at Phillijis Academy, .\ndover; 
 ifratlualed from Hrown Cniversily in ISi>i»; studied 
 law with his father, lion. Nathan F. Dixon, and 
 at the Alhany l.«\v Si-hool; admitte<l lo practice 
 
 in New York. Rlu>de Island, and Ci>nneetient in 
 1871; ap^H)inle(l I'nited Stales district attorney for 
 the district of Khode Island hy President (irani 
 in 1877 and reappointed in 1881; elected to the 
 Forty-eighth Congress (to lill the vacancy oci-a- 
 sioned hy the transfer of Hon. .hmathan Chace to 
 the I'nited States Senate) L- a Kepuhlican; elected 
 April 10, 1881), to the I'nited Stales Senate to 
 suci-eed .loiuithan Chace, rusigneil, .servini; until 
 March 4. 18'.l."i; di.-d N,i\em.>i'r 8, 1897. 
 
 Dixon, William 'Wirt, of Butte. .Mont., was 
 horn at lirooklyn, N. Y., June 3, 18H8; moved 
 to Illinois in 1843 and went to Keokuk, Iowa, in 
 1849; read law at Keokuk, and was iulmitted to 
 the har in 18."i8; lived in Tenne.s.see and Arkansas 
 in 18i;0; went to California in 18()2, and settled in 
 HmnUildt Coimty, Ni'V.; moved to Montana in 
 18iili, and resiiled in Helena ami I'eerlotlge until 
 1879; s|)ent twoyeai>in the Black Hills; returned 
 lo Montana in 1881 and settled at Butte; engajK'd 
 in the practice of law; meinher of the legislative 
 a.ssemhly of Montana Territory 1871-72; elected 
 to the Fifty-second Congre.ss as a DennH-rat; 
 defeated for reelection in 1.893; candidate for the 
 Vniteil States Senate, hut the legislature faiU'd to 
 elect. 
 
 Doan, Robert E., of Wilmington, Ohio, was 
 horn of farmer jiarents and hronght up on a farm 
 in Clin ton t^lunty,t >hio; received a common school 
 ami academic education; taught school three yeara 
 ill southern Ohio, and studied law; gnidnaled from 
 the Cincinnati 1-aw School .\pril l.i, 1S">7, with the 
 degree of hachelor of laws; admitted to the har; 
 iiintinued in imictice at Wilmington; e<Iitor of the 
 Wilmingti n Watchman in 18.">9and 18(i0; apjioint- 
 ed prosecuting attorney forClinton County in 18(i2; 
 hcM an im|Hirtant seok't jwsition under .Vhrahain 
 l,im-oln connected with the Post-Ollice De|«irt- 
 ment during the war; electeil a (iartield Presiilen- 
 tial elector for the Third Congressional district in 
 lS,s(p; elected to the Fifty-second Congress as a 
 Republican. 
 
 Doan, 'William, was a native of Maine; re- 
 ceived a common school education; moved to Ohio, 
 where he held several local offices; electeil a Re])- 
 resentative from Ohio to the Twenty-sixth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat. 
 
 Dobbin, James Cochrane, was horn at Fayette- 
 ville, N. C., in 1S14; graduated from the I'niver- 
 sitv of North Caroliiui in 18;i2; studied law, and 
 adinitte<l to the har in 182,t; lH>gau practicing at 
 Fayelteville; eltrted a Kepn'sentative from North 
 Carolina to the Twenty-ninth Congress lus a Deino- 
 crat; declimHl to W a eamlidate for rvelection; 
 mend)er of the houseof commons in 1848, 1.8.i0, 
 ami 18.52, and in 1,8.50 w;us sjx'aker; delegjite to the 
 national Demtx-rafic convention at Baltimore in 
 18.52; Secri'tary of the Navy under President Pienv 
 from March 7", 18.53, to Slanli ti, 18.57; died at 
 Fayetteville, N. C, August 4, 1857. 
 
 Dobbins, Samuel A., was horn in Burlington 
 
 Counlv. X. .1., .\pril 14, 1814; reeeivt><l a liln-ral 
 
 education; farmer; high sheriff of Burlington 
 
 I countv from 18.54 to 18.57; meml>er of the State 
 
 legislatun- from 18.59 to 1,862; eliftetl a Reprt-- 
 
 I siMilative from New ,lers»'y to the Forty-thinI 
 
 i l\ingr«'ss as a Re)>uhlican and reeltvted to tlie 
 
 Forty-fourth Congn'ss. 
 
 Dockery, Alexander Monroe, of Ciallatin, 
 Mo., was horn in Livingston County, Mo., Febru- 
 ary 11, 1845; altemhtl the common schools, com- 
 pleting his education at Macon .\auiemy, Macon, 
 Slo. ; stuilied intMlicine, and graduated fnim the 
 
BIDQRAPHIES. 
 
 505 
 
 St. Loxiis ^Ifdical College in March, ISda; also at- 
 tenik'il lectures at Kelleviie College, New York 
 City, ami Jefferson Meilical College, Philadelphia, 
 during the winter of IStia-Gti; practiced nic<licine 
 at Chillicothe, Mo., serving as county physician 
 of Livingston County; ahandoned medicine in 
 March, 1S74, and moved to (iallatiu. Mo., and 
 assisted in organizing the Farmers' Kxchauge 
 Bank, of which he was cashier; one of the cura- 
 tors of the I'niversitv of Missouri from 1S72 to 
 1>><S2; 1S70-1872 president of the board of edu- 
 cation of Chillicothe, Mo.; chairman of the Con- 
 gressional conunittee of his district; member of 
 the city council of (^iallatin for the live years pre- 
 vious to April, 1S83, serving the last two years as 
 mayor; elected to the Forty-eighth Congress as a 
 Jlemocrat; reelected to the Fortv-nintli, Fiftieth, 
 Fifty-tirst, Fifty-second, Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, 
 anil Fifty-fifth Congresse-s; elected governor of 
 Missouri in November, 1900, for the term 1901- 
 1905. 
 
 Dockery, Alfred, was born in Richmond 
 County, N. C, Uecemher 11,1797; planter; mem- 
 ber of the North Carolina hou.se of commons in 
 lSl'2and of the State senate 18:«i-lS44; elected a 
 Kepresentative from North Carolina to the Twenty- 
 ninth Congress as a Whig; declined to he a candi- 
 date for reelection; elected to the Thirty-second 
 Congress as a Whig; defeateil as the Whig candi- 
 date for giivernor in 1854; opposed to secession, 
 and after the civil war became a Kepublican; died 
 at his residence in Richmond Countv, N. C, 
 December 7, 1875. 
 
 Dockery, Oliver H., was born in Richmond 
 County, X. C., August 12, lS;i(); received a lil)eral 
 education, and in 1S4S graduateil from the Uni- 
 versity of North Carolina; fanner; iueml>er of the 
 State legislature lS.")8-59; served asliort time in the 
 Confederate service, but withdrew and took a bold 
 stand for the rcestablishment of the Federal Gov- 
 ermnent; elc<'te<l a Representative from North 
 Carolina to the Fortieth and Forty-tii-st Congresses 
 as a Republican. 
 
 Dodd, Edward, was born at Salem, Wasliing- 
 ton County, N. Y., ISOo; received a |)uhlic school 
 education; became engaged in mercantile pursuits; 
 clerk of Washington County is;i5-1844; delegate 
 to the State constitutional convention in lS4(i; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Thirty-fourth Congress as a Whig and reelected to 
 the Thirty-fifth Congress. 
 
 Doddridge, Philip, was bornat Wellsbnry, AV. 
 Va., 17<iS; reared on a farm; studied law and was 
 admitted to the bar; elected a Representative from 
 Virginia to theTwenty-tirst Congress, and reelected 
 to the Twenty-second (^ongress without opposi- 
 tion, serving until his death, which occurreil at 
 Washingtom D. C, Novemlier 19, 1882. 
 
 Dodg-e, Augustus C. (son of Henry Podge), 
 was born at Ste. (ienevieve, .Mo., January 2, 1812; 
 received a liberal cnlucation; moved to Burlington, 
 Iowa, where he became register of the land oflice, 
 18;i8-lS4(); elected a I>elegalo from Iowa to the 
 Twenty-sixth Congress as a Kcmocrat; reelected 
 to the Twenty-seventh, Twenty-eighth, and 
 Twenty-ninth Congresses; on the ailmissiou of 
 Iowa a,s a State was elected a Cuited States Sena- 
 tor and served from December 2(;, 1848, to his res- 
 ignation, F'ebruarv 8, 1855; minister to Spain from 
 FVbruary 9, 1855,' to March 12, 18.59; delegate to 
 the national Democratic convention atCbicagoiii 
 1804; elected mayorof Burlington on an inde])end- 
 ent ticket, February 2, 1874. 
 
 Dodg-e, Grenville M., was born at Danvers, 
 Mass., .\pril 12, \s:U: received a liln'ral education 
 and graduated at themilitary university, Norwich, 
 Vt.; studied civil engineering; chief engineer of 
 the Union Pacific Railroad; entered the Union 
 Army as a captain ami left the service ks a major- 
 general; elected a Representative from Iowa to the 
 Fortieth Congress as a Republi<'aii; located in New 
 York City, but still retained residence in Iowa; 
 president of .Suciety of Army of Tennessee; presi- 
 dent of New Y'ork commanilery of Loyal Legion; 
 president of commission to ini|uire info the man- 
 agement of the war witli Spain; extensively inter- 
 ested in Western railroad building and manage- 
 ment; vice-president of the Grant Monument 
 Association. 
 
 Dodge, Henry ( father of Augustus C. Dodge), 
 was born at Vincennes, Ind., October 12, 1782; 
 received a limited education; emigrated to Mis- 
 souri; served in the Black (lawk and other Indian 
 wars; left the Army as colonel of the First United 
 States Dragoons, Jiily, 18oti; governor of Wiscon- 
 sin from July 4, 18oii, to 1841; elected a Delegate 
 from Wisconsin to the Twenty-seventh Congress 
 as a Democrat; reelected to the Twenty-eighth 
 Congress; again appointed governor of Wisconsin, 
 February 6, 1846; elected United States Senator 
 from Wisconsin as a Democrat, and reelected, 
 serving from June 2.3, 1848, to IMart'h :!, 1857. 
 
 Dodge, William E., was born at Hartford, 
 Conn., September 4, 1805; received a liberal edu- 
 cation; moved to New York in 1818; bei-ame a 
 clerk in a store, and in 1826 commencecl business 
 on his own account; established the house of 
 Phel|>s, Dodge & Co., of whi<4i he was the head 
 for forty years; delegate to the peace convention in 
 1801; claimed to have lieen elected a Re|iresenta- 
 tive from New York to the Thirty-ninth Congress 
 (James Brooks having received the certificaie of 
 election and taken his .seat), and on April 0, 18(i(), 
 the Hous>i decided that Mr. Dodge was entitled to 
 th(> seat, serving from April (i, i8li(), to March :i, 
 1807; <lied February 9, 188;5, at New Y'ork City. 
 
 Doe, Nicholas B., a native of New- Y'ork, w-a,s 
 elected a Representative from that State to the 
 Tw-enty-sixth Congress (in plai-e of .-Vnson Brow-ii, 
 <leceased) as a Whig. 
 
 Doig, Andre-w W., was boin in Washington 
 County, N. \'.; received an academic eiliu-ation; 
 county surveyor and clerk of Washington County; 
 member of the State house of representatives in 
 18;)2; surrogate of Washington County, I8.S5-I840; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Tw-enty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, and re- 
 elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress. 
 
 Dolliver, Jonathan Prentiss, of Fort Doilge, 
 Iowa, was born near Kingwood, Preston County, 
 Va. (now West Virginia) , FVbrUarv 0, 18.58; gradu- 
 ated in 1875 from the West N'irginia Universitv; 
 admitted to the bar in 1878; elected to tlie Fifty- 
 first Congress as a Republican, from the Tenth 
 Congressional district of Iowa; member of the 
 House also in the Fifty-second, Fifty-third, Fifty- 
 fourth, Fifty-fifth, and Fifty-sixth Congresses; 
 August 2.S. 1900. appointed "Senator to till the 
 vacancy caused by the <leath of Hon. J. II. Gear," 
 deceaj-ed, and took his seat in the United States 
 Senate December;!, 1900; elected January 21. 1902, 
 to succeed himself. 
 
 Dolph, Joseph N. , w-as born at Dolphsburg. in 
 Tompkins (now Schuyler) County, N. Y., October 
 19, 18.35; received a common school education, 
 private instruction, and atteiuled the (ieneaee 
 
506 
 
 0ONORES8IONAL DIRKCTORY. 
 
 Wcsli-yaii Sfiiiiriaiy at Linm, N. Y.; Iaii;;lil h<1i(h)1 
 H |iiiitioii <if eiuli your wliili- aiMiuiiinnau iilucution 
 ami liis prnft'SMiiiii; Htiulit'd law: aitniitU-il to the 
 liaial Hinj.'liaiMtiiii, NnVfinlH-r, ISHI; ])rai-tioi'<l IiIh 
 pioU'si^ion in Siluiylcr C'oimty, N. Y., iliiriiin tin- 
 winter 1)1' lS()l-(il': enlisted in ('apt. M. ('rawforiiV 
 company in li^dL', known as the ( Ire^'on l'"siiirt, 
 raised under an aet of Congress for the pnrp<ise of 
 proleetinj: the eniij/r.ition of tiiat year to the I'acitie 
 loast aiiainst hostile Indians i-rossins; tlie Plains, 
 tilling; tin' position of orderly ser;;eant; settleil at 
 Portland, Oreg., in (tetober, ISti:i; eleeted city 
 attorney in 18t>4; nieinlHT of the State senate in 
 IStHi, ISliS, 1,S7l', and IH74; actively enpi^ed in 
 various l)nsines,s enterprises; eleeteii to the I'nited 
 States Senate as a Kepnhlican to succeed I,. F. 
 tirover, l>eniocral,anil look his seat March;!, 1S83: 
 reeleeteil and served until March :!; died March 
 10, 1897. 
 
 Donley, Joseph B., was horn at Mmuit Morris, 
 Pa.. Octolierld. ls:;.S; received a liheral education; 
 t:raduated frnin Waynesliurs Collcfie in 1S.')!I; en- 
 tered the fnion .\rniy as a captain of the Kifrhty- 
 third Illinois Infantry it\ 18ti2; jiraduuted from the 
 Liw University of .\lhany, N. Y., in May, IHtili; 
 elected a Kepresentative from Pennsylvania to the 
 I'orty-tirst (.'oniire.-'s as a Hepuhlican. 
 
 Donnan, William G. , wa.s born at West. Charl- 
 ton, X. \'., .lune .'!0, IS.'U; received a limited eilu- 
 cation: srraduated from I'nion Colle<;e, New York, 
 in I85ti; in thesjune vearnuived to Independence, 
 Iowa, where he studied law, and a year later ad- 
 mitted to the bar; in Sejiteinher, 18."i7, electe<l 
 treasuivrand recorder of Muchanan County, and 
 held the ollice by election until ISIil'; entered the 
 rnion Army as a private, promoted tothefxrade 
 of lii-st lieutenant, and brevetted laptain ami major 
 for ertieieiit service in the field; mendier of the 
 State senateof Iowa 1S(>.S and IS70; eleet(-d a Kep- 
 rejientative from Iowa to the Forty-secomi Con- 
 trress as a Kepid)lican, and reelected to the Forty- 
 third Conjrress; declined to be a candidate for 
 reelection. 
 
 Donnell, Richard S., was born at Newl)ern, 
 N. ('.: elected a Ki'prcscntative from that State to 
 the Thirtieth Conirrc.-is as a Whijr. 
 
 Donnelly, Ignatius, was born at l'hilailel|ilua, 
 Pa., Novembers. ls:il; pniduated from the hi^di 
 school of that place; studie<I law, ami practiie<l; 
 moved to Minnesota in 18.">7; author and politi- 
 cian; eleetid lieutenaut-iiovernor of Minnesota 
 in IS."!!! ami reelected in ISdl; elected a l{e|iresent- 
 ative from Minnesota to the Thirty-ei>;hth. Thirty- 
 ninth, and Fortieth Conjjresses a.s a Uepubliean; 
 <lie<l at Minneapolis .lanuary 18, 1901. 
 
 Donovan, D. D., of Deshler, Ohio, was born 
 near Tixas. Henry County, Ohio, .lanuary .'U, 
 IS-'iii; atlemled connnon school and the Northern 
 Indiana .Normal School at Valparaiso, Iml.; taught 
 schoid; ennimed in mereantileami tindier busine.ss; 
 ap)iointed postmaster at Deshler by President 
 Clevelaml; elected to the legislature in 1S87; re- 
 elect»>d In l.S8it; eleeted a Kepresentative to the 
 Fifty-second <'onpn».--s as a I>eniocrat: reelected to 
 the Fifty-third Conu'ress. 
 
 Doolittle, James R., was born at Hamilton, 
 N. v., .lanuary ;?, ISl."); received a liberal «><luea- 
 tion, and v'ra<luated from (ieneva College, New- 
 York; studied law, and admittol to the bar; 
 district attorney for Wyoming County, N. V.; 
 move<l to Wisconsin in IS-M; elected jud).'e of the 
 firj-t juilieial circuit of Wisconsin in IKMi, and helil 
 the office until ISiO, when he resigneil; <'lei-tt>d a 
 
 I'nited States .Senator from Wisconsin a." a Kemo- 
 crat (to succeed Henry l)od);e, Democnit) and re- 
 eleetisl, werviiig from December 7, 1857, to March 
 :{. 1869. 
 
 Doolittle, 'William Hall, of Taconia, Wash., 
 was born in I'.rie County, Pa.; moved to Portage 
 County, Wis., with his parents in 1H59; worked in 
 the pineries of that State; attended district school 
 oica-sionally; early in IHtv) enlisted as a private 
 soldierin theNinth Wisi'on.sin Battery ;di.schargiMl 
 the followiu); sununcr under general onler, and 
 returned to his home in Wisconsin; returned to 
 Pennsylvania in IS()7. and availed himself of an 
 academic e<lucation; read law in Chantaui|ua 
 County, N. Y.; moved to Nebraska in 1871', and 
 practiced law in .lohnson County; served one 
 term in the Nebra.ska legislature; as.aistant United 
 States district attorney; moved to Wa.-^hington 
 Territory in 1880, locating at Colfax, Whitman 
 County, and jiracticed his profession; moved to 
 Tacoma; one of the Hejiublican inendiers of the 
 Territorial code commission; elected to the Fifty- 
 third and Fifty-fourth Congres-ses as a Republican. 
 
 Dorr, Charles Philips, of .\ddison, W. Va., 
 was born .\ugust IL', ls."<L'. in Monroe County, Ohio; 
 e<lucated in the common schools, ami alter ad- 
 mission to the courts of Ohio began the practice 
 of law in West Virginia in 1874; electeil a memlier 
 of the West Virginia house of deleg-ates in 1884 
 and in 1.S88; sergeant-at-armsof that body in 1887; 
 elected to the Fifty-tifth Congress as a Kepublican. 
 
 Dorsey, Clement, was born in Anne Anmdel 
 County. Md.; elected a Representative from Mary- 
 land to the Ninetit>nth, Twentieth, and Twenty- 
 first Congresses; died .\ugust t>, 184(5. 
 
 Dorsey, George 'W. E. . i if Fremont. Nebr., was 
 born in l.oudonn County. \'a., .lanuary 2o, 1842; 
 moveil with his parents to Preston County (now- 
 West Virginia tin l.'-^'ili; educated in private schools 
 and at Oak Hill .\cadeniy; reiruitcd a comi>any 
 and entered the Union .\rmy in August, bStSl, as 
 lirst lieutenant. Sixth West Viiginia Infantry; pro- 
 moteil to captain an^l major, and was mustered 
 out with the Army of the Shenamloah in .\ugnst, 
 18t>.T; moved to Nebraska in 18t)t>; stndieil law, and 
 admitted to practice in 1869; engaged in banking; 
 URMubcr of the boani of trustees of the insiuie 
 hospital; vice-president of the State boanI of agri- 
 culture, and chairman of the Kei)ublicaii State 
 lentnil conuinttee; elected to the Forty-ninth, 
 Fiftieth, and Fifly-lirst Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Dorsey, Stephen 'W., was born at Henson, Vt., 
 February l'.^, 1.'<4L'; rcceiveil a liberal education; 
 moved to Ohio and liH-ateil at Oberlin while yet a 
 boy; served in the Union .\rmy under Oenend 
 (irant at Shiloh, (ieneral Buellat Perryville, (ien- 
 eral Rosecrans at Stone River and Chattanooga, 
 and (ieneral Thomas at Mission Riilge; wils trans- 
 ferred to the .\rmy of the Potomac in 18(>4, ami 
 took part in the battles of tin' Wilderne.-isand I'old 
 Harbor, si rving until t lie close of the war; returned 
 to Ohio and was employed by the Sandusky Tool 
 Company. lH>coming its president; soon eleete<l 
 president of the .\rkansjis Railway Company; 
 moved to Arkansas and was chosen chairman of 
 the Republican State committee; declined to Ih- a 
 candidate for Congress; elcited a United Stales 
 Senator from .\rkansas as a Kepublican. serving 
 from March 4. I87:>, to March :!, 1879; chairman of 
 the Kepublican executive conunitti-e in 1876 and 
 secretary of the committee in 1880; devote^l him- 
 s<>lf to niining interests in New Mexico and Colo- 
 rad<i; moved to California. 
 
BIOGBAPHIES. 
 
 507 
 
 Dorsheimer, 'William, was born at Lyons, 
 Wayne County, >'. Y., February 5, 1,S32; educated 
 at Phillipt: Academy, Andover, Mass., and at 
 Harvard College; studied law; admitted to the 
 bar and practiced in New York; appointed major 
 in the U. S. Army in August, ISGl; appointed 
 United States attorney for the northern district of 
 New York in April, 1867; lieutenant-governor of 
 New York in 1874 and reelected in 187(), his term 
 expiring January 1, 1880; elected to the Forty- 
 eighth Congress as a Democrat; died March 2{i, 1888. 
 
 Doty, James Duane, was born in New York 
 in 1799; received a common school education; 
 moved to Menasha. Wis.; elected a Delegate from 
 Wisconsin to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth 
 Congresses; governor of Wisconsin 1841-1844; 
 elected a Representative from Wisconsin to the 
 Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat and to the 
 Thirty-second Congress as a Free-soil Democrat; 
 appointed treasurer of Utah and governor of that 
 Territorv in 1864 bv President Lincoln; died at 
 Salt Lake City .lune 13, 1865. 
 
 Doubleday, Ulysses F. , was born in Otsego 
 (_'ounty, N. Y., in 1794; received a limited educa- 
 tion; learned the art of printing; engaged in news- 
 paper work at Ballston and established a news- 
 Ijaper at Auburn; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Twenty-second Congress as a 
 Jackson Democrat; elected to the Twenty-fourth 
 Congress; moved to New York and became 
 engaged in the book trade; died at Belvidere, 111., 
 March 11, 1866. 
 
 Dougherty, Charles, of Port Orange, Fla., 
 was born at Athens, Ga., October 1.5, 1850; edu- 
 cated in the public schools at Athens and at the 
 University of Virginia, leaving when 17 years of 
 age; sailor; engaged in planting; elected" to the 
 legislature of Florida in 1876, 1878, 1880, and 1882, 
 serving as speaker in 1878; elected to the Forty- 
 ninth and Fiftieth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Dougherty, John, of Libertv, was born in 
 Platte County, 3I(i., February 25, 1857; a few 
 months sul isequently his parents moved to Libertv, 
 Mo. : educated in the pul>lic schools and at William 
 .Jewell College; studied law; admitted to the bar 
 in 1880; city attorney of Liberty, Mo.; editor and 
 proprietor of the Liberty Tribune from 1885 to 1888; 
 elected prosecuting attorney of Clay County, Mo., 
 in 1888 and twice reelected; elected to the Fifty- 
 sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Douglas, Beverly B. , was born in New Kent 
 County, Va., December 21, 1822; received a col- 
 lege education; studied law and graduated from 
 the law st'hool of Judge Beverly Tucker, and from 
 William and Mary College 184.S; admitted to the 
 bar in 1844; member of the State constitutional 
 convention in 1850-51; twelve years in the State 
 senate; Presidential elector on" the Breckinridge 
 and Lane ticket in 1860; served in the Confederate 
 army and attained the rank of major of the Fifth 
 Virginia Cavalry; elected a Representatixe from 
 ^'irginia to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Con- 
 servative, and reelected to the Fortv-fifth Congress; 
 died December 22, 1878. 
 
 Douglas, Stephen Arnold, was born at Bran- 
 don, Vt., April 23, 1813; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; learned the cabinetmaker's trade; moved to 
 New_ York and located at Canandaigua, where he 
 studied law; moved to Ohio, where he resumed 
 the study of law, but on account of failing health 
 moved to Illinois; taught school; admitted to the 
 
 bar in 1834; elected in 1835 by the legislature State 
 attorney for the Morgan circuit; meudier of the 
 State house of representatives of Illinois in 1,836- 
 37; a]ipointed register of the land ortice at S]iring- 
 field in 1837; defeated in 183S as the Democratic 
 candidate for Congress; apjn linted secretary of state 
 of Illinois during the session of the legislature 1840- 
 41 and at the same session was elected one cif the 
 judges of the State supreme court; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Illinois to the Twenty -eighth and 
 Twenty-ninth Congresses as a Democrat; reelected 
 to the Thirtieth Congress, but before taking his 
 seat was elected to the United .States Senate and 
 took his seat March 4, 1847; reelected in 18.53 as a 
 Pojmlar Sovereignty Democrat, and again in 1859, 
 defeating Abraham Lincoln; in 1860 he received 
 twelve electoral votes for President; died at Chi- 
 cago June 3, 1861. 
 
 Douglas, William Harris, of New York City, 
 was born on the southwest corner of Thirtieth 
 street and Fifth avenue, Decendier 5, 1853; his 
 family was one of the oldest in the country; edu- 
 cated mostly at private schools and went through 
 the freshman class in the College of the City of 
 New York; entered into business connected with 
 the exporting and importing trade; senior mem- 
 ber of the firm of Arkell & Douglas, New York, 
 this firm having Itranches at Lonilon, Sydney and 
 Melbourne, Australia, and Cape Town and Port 
 Elizabeth, South Africa; traveled extensively in 
 Europe and other foreign countries, making two 
 complete trips around the world and visiting Egypt, 
 Ceylon, Australia, New Zealand, Samoan Islands, 
 and Hawaiian Islands; active worker in politics 
 for many years; member of the Chamber of Com- 
 merce, Sons of the Revolution, Society of Colonial 
 Wars, New York Produce ICxchange, Maritime 
 Exchange, ilerchants' Exchange, and various 
 other institutions; elected to the Fifty-seventh 
 and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Dovener, Blackburn Barrett, of Wheeling, 
 W. Va., was born in Cabell County, Va. (now 
 West Virginia), April 20, 1842; raised a company 
 of loyal Virginians and served in the United States 
 volunteer infantry during the war; studied law; 
 admitted to the bar in 1873, and practiced law in 
 Wheeling; elected a Representativeof ( )hio County 
 to the legislature of 1883; Republican candidate 
 for Congress in 1892, but defeated; elected to the 
 Fiftv-fourthCongressasaRepublican, and reelected 
 to the Fift3--fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and 
 Fifty-eighth Congresses. 
 
 Dowd, Clement, of Charlotte, N. ('., was born 
 in Moore County, N. C, August 27, 1832; gradu- 
 ated from the University of North Carolina in 1856; 
 taught school; studied law; moved to Charlcitte 
 anil engaged in practicing law; elected mayor of 
 Charlotte in January, 1869, and reelected; jircsident 
 i)f the Merchants and Farmers' National Bank; 
 |iresident of the Commercial National Bank of 
 Charlotte, N. C. ; elected to the Forty-.Meventh Con- 
 gress as a Democrat, and reelected to the Forty- 
 eighth Congress. 
 
 Dowdell, James F. , was born in Jasper County, 
 Ga., November 26, 1818; received a liberal educa- 
 tion, and in 1840 graduated from Randolph Macon 
 College; studied law, and was adnntted to the bar 
 in 1841; began the practice of his profession at 
 Greenville, CTa. ; moved to Chambers County, Ala., 
 in 1846 and engaged in farming; defeated for elec- 
 tion to the State legislature in 1849 and 1851; 
 elector on the Pierce and King ticket in 1852; 
 elected a Representative from Alabama to the 
 
CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 riiirty-lliinl C'oiitin'ss una Stale Hii^lits I)eiiii)ciat, 
 and recleileil to tlu" Thirty-fourth aiul Thirty-tifth 
 CoiijrressiO!'. 
 
 Dowdney. Abraham, of Now York City, wac 
 horn iti Inlainl in OitoluT, IS^d; iMhicate^l in iiri- 
 vatv schools; luiilihT and i-ontraitor; scrvcil in the 
 war for the sn|))>rcssion of tlio rebellion as captain 
 of the (_)ne hnndred an<l thirtv-second New York 
 •State Volunteers lH(>2-(i:{; chairman of the jmhlic 
 school trustees 1S82-1S85; electeil to the Torty- 
 nintli Congress as a Democrat; died l>ecend)er 10. 
 ISKti. 
 
 Downey, S. W., of Laramie City, Wyo., was 
 horn at Western Port, >hl., .Inly 25, 1839; received 
 an aiaileniic education; studied law; adndtted to 
 the liar in ISiiS; served in the war for the Inion; 
 moved to the Territory of Wyoming in IStiit, and 
 piacticecl law; elected a mendur ol the council of 
 Wyomini; Territory in 1S71. ami reelected in 1875 
 and in 1877; treasurer of the Territory for three 
 yeai-s, and auditor of the Territory; elected to the 
 Forty-sixth Congress as a Kei)nhlicaii. 
 
 Downing, Charles, a native of Virginia, was 
 rlccled a Il<lii;ale from the Florida Territory to 
 the Twenty-liftli and Twenty-sixth Congresses. 
 
 Downing, Finis Ewing, of Virginia, 111., was 
 horn at \'irginia, Cass County, 111., August 24, 
 184(>; raised on a farm; receive(i his education in 
 the puhlic and privati- schools of his native town; 
 engaged in mercantile pursuits from 18(i5to 1880; 
 elected clerk of the circuit court of Ca.-s County, 
 111., in 1880, and served for three terms; read law, 
 and was admitted to the har in llecember, 1887; 
 engaged in the newspa]>er business in August, 18(11 ; 
 secretary of the senate in 189:5 for the thirty-eighth 
 general assendily of Illinois; elected to the Fifty- 
 fourth Congres.s as a I)emo<-rat. 
 
 Downs, Solomon W. , was horn in Tennessee 
 in 1801; received a classic;d eilucation and gradu- 
 ated from the Transylvania Cniversity; studied 
 law; aihnitted to the bar and began jiracticing at 
 New Orleans in 1821); Cnited .States district attor- 
 ney l,S4.')-l.s-17; elected a United States Senator 
 froiii Louisiana as a democrat and served from 
 Itc.ember (i, 1847, to March 3, 1853; died at 
 Orchard .Springs, Ky., August 14, 18.54. 
 
 Dowse, Edward, was a native of Norfolk 
 County Mass.; elected a Representative from 
 Ma.s.sachn.setts to the Sixte<'nth Congress, serving 
 from Decemherti, 1819, to 1820, when he resigned. 
 
 Dowse, William, was elected a Kepre.senta- 
 
 tive fi 1 -New York to the Thirteenth Congress 
 
 as a Federalist, but died before the first session, 
 February 13, 1813. 
 
 Dox, Peter M. , was born in tJeneva, Ontario 
 County, N. Y., Seiiteniber 11, 1813; eilncated in 
 < ieneva .\cademy and at llobart Colltj.'e, (icneva. 
 from which college he graduated in 1833; studie<l 
 and practicecl law; member of the New York State 
 legislature 1S41-42; ju<lge of the Ontario county 
 courts; moved to Alabama in 18.55 and located in 
 Madison County; member of the State con.stitu- 
 tional convention in 18t)5; elei-ted a He)>resentative 
 from .\labama to the Forty-first Congress as a 
 I'nion hemocrat, and to the Forty-seconil Con- 
 gress as a Pemoerat. 
 
 Doxey, Charles T., <>f .Vnderson, Ind., was 
 elected al a special eleition, .January 9, 1883 (to 
 fill the vacancy can.-ed by the ileath of (iodlove S. 
 Orth ), to the Forlv-seventh (\ingress as a Repub- 
 lican; ilied April .!(>. 189S. 
 
 Drake, Charles D., was born at Cincinnati, 
 Ohio, Ajiril 11, 1811; studied law; admitted to 
 the bar; moved to St. Ixiuis in 18.34; member of 
 the State house of representatives of Missouri in 
 18.59-»>0; I'residential elector in 18ti4; member of 
 theStateconstitutional C'lnvention in 18t)5; elected 
 a I'nited States Senator as a Re|)ublican ( to succeed 
 H. (irat/. Brown), serving from .March 4, 18tl7, to 
 December 19, 1870, when he resigned Ut become 
 chief justice of the Court of Claims; died in 1892. 
 
 Drake, John R., was born in 1783; received a 
 liberal education; held several local offices in 
 Tioga County, N. Y.; eleete<l a Representative 
 from New York to the Fifteenth Congress; judge 
 of the court of conunon pleas for Tioga County 
 18.!.3-1838; niemlHT of the State house of rep- 
 resentatives in 18.34; died at Oswego, March 21, 
 1857. 
 
 Draper, Joseph, was born in Virginia; elected 
 a Ki>|)resentative from that State to the Twenty- 
 first Congress (in jilace of .\lexander Smyth, 
 decea.sed), and reelected to the Twenty-.-econd 
 Congress, serving from Decemberti. 1830, to March 
 2, 1,S33. 
 
 Draper, William Franklin, of Hopedale, 
 Ma.ss., was born at Lowell, Mii-ss.. April 9, 1842; 
 atteuiled i>ublic, private, and high schools; studied 
 mechanical engineering and cotton inamifactnre; 
 .served in the Union Army from .\ngust. 18(il, to 
 October, lsti4; held commissions as second lieu- 
 tenant and first lieutiuant in the Tweiity-tifth 
 Ma.ssachusetts Infantry; also as cajitain, major, 
 and lieutenant-colonel, couMuanding the Thirty- 
 sixth Massiuhu.setts Infantry: also as colonel and 
 brigailier-geueral bv bnvet; wasshot through the 
 body at the battle of the Wilderness, May (i, 18(54, 
 and again sli;;htly \vounde<l at IVgram Farm, .Se|>- 
 tendier:!0, 18t>4; manufacturer of cotton machinery, 
 and made and jiatented many imjirovements in 
 such machinerv; president of the Home Market 
 Clul) in 1891 and 1892; delegate to the Republican 
 natii>nal convention in 187ti; colonel on staff of 
 (iovernor Long from 18.S0 to 188:i; chosen Presi- 
 dential eh'ctor at large in 1888; elected to the 
 Fifty-third Congress as a Republican an<l reeleited 
 to the Fiftv-fourth Congress; aniba.ssadorand min- 
 ister iileni'potentiary to Italy 1,897-1899. 
 
 Draper, William H., of Tro.v, N. Y., was liom 
 in Wonester County, iMa.ss., .lune 24, l.'<41; moved 
 to Troy in 1S47; attended the imblic schools until 
 1 85(> and t hen entered a mi'icantile career; engaged 
 in manufacturing cordage and twine under the firm 
 , naiui- of William II. Draper i^ .Son; trustee of the 
 village of Lansingburg; commi.ssioner of jurors for 
 Reii.-^selaer County from 189ti to 1900; electe<l to 
 the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth ( 'ongre.s.ses as a 
 Kepublican. 
 
 Drayton, William, was born at St. .Vugu.s- 
 tiiu', Fla., December :{0, 177ti; educated in Eng- 
 land: studied law, and admitted to the bar 
 Deiember 12, 17.97; entered the U. S. .Vrmy as 
 lieutenant-colonel March 12, 1812, and served 
 through the war of 1812; recorder of Charli-ston 
 1819-1824; i-lected a Representative from South 
 Carolina to the Nineteenth Congre."s as a Union 
 
 I Democrat ( to fill the vacancy caused by theap)Miint- 
 
 ! ment of .loel R. Poinsett ministiT to Mexico), and 
 reelected to the Twentieth. Twenty-first, and 
 Twenty-second Congresses; opposed nullification 
 
 I in ls.3b, and consequently left .South Carolina; 
 
 , mnveil to Philailelphia in August, 18:«; president 
 of the Hank of the Uinted States 1840-H; died at 
 
 I Philadelphia. Pa., Mav 24, 1846. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 509 
 
 Drayton, William Henry, was born at Dray- 
 ton Hall. <in Ashley Rivir, Snuth Carolina, in 
 September. 1742; received a cla.ssieal eilncation; 
 stuilied law and admitted to the l>ar; visited P2ng- 
 land, and appointed by Kins; George III privy 
 councilor for the province of South Carolina: while 
 on his wa>' htime was appointed assistant judge, 
 but took such an active part in the pre-KevoIution- 
 ary movement that he was deprived of both posi- 
 tions; president of the Council of Safety in 1775, 
 and in 1776 chief justice; elected to the C'ontinental 
 Congress in 177S, and served until he died in Sep- 
 tember, 1779. 
 
 Drig-gs, Edmund Hope, of Brooklyn, N. Y., 
 was lioru at Brooklyn. X. Y., May-, 1865; edu- 
 catedat Adelphi College, Brooklyn; tire insurance 
 surveyor; elected to the Fifty-fifth Congress as a 
 Democrat to take the place of Francis H. \\'ilson, 
 resigned, and reelected to the Fifty-sixth Congress; 
 defeated for the Fifty-seventh Congress. 
 
 Drig-gs, John F. , was born at Kinderhook, 
 N. Y., JIarch 8, 1813; received a liberal education; 
 contractor; superintendent of the New York peni- 
 tentiary in 1844; moved to Michigan in 1856; 
 member of the State legislature in 1859 and 1860; 
 elected a Representative from Michigan to the 
 Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Con- 
 gresses as a Republican; died at East Saginaw, 
 Mich., December 17, 1877. 
 
 Driscoll, Michael EdwaVd, of Syracuse, N. Y., 
 was born at Syracuse, N. Y., February 9, 1851; 
 when about 1 year old his parents moved to the 
 town of Camillus, (_)nondag;i County; educated in 
 the district schools. .Monro Collegiate Institute, 
 at Elbridge, Onondaga County, and Williams 
 College; lawyer; elected to the Fifty-sixth, 
 Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a 
 Republican. 
 
 Dromg-oole, George C, was a native of Vir- 
 ginia: received a liberal education; studied law; 
 admitted to the bar; served several years as a 
 member of the State house of rejiresentatives and 
 senate: elected a Representative from Virginia as 
 a Democrat to the Twenty-fourth Congress; de- 
 clined being a candi<late for reelection: elected to 
 the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses; 
 died April 27, 1847. 
 
 Drum, Augustus, was born at Imliana, Pa. ; re- 
 ceived a common school education; elected a 
 Rejiresentative from Pennsylvania to the Twenty- 
 third Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Dryden, John Fairfield, of Newark, N. .1., 
 was born near Farmington, Me., August 7, 1839; 
 moved with his parents when in his seventh year 
 to Massachusetts; fitted for college at Worcester, 
 Mass., and entered Yale University, and graduated 
 with the class of 1S65; made a s]iecu»l stu<ly of 
 life insurance, and in 1875, at Newark, N. .1., origi- 
 nated and founded the Prudential Insurance Com- 
 ])any of America, becoming its first secretary and 
 in 1881 its president; one of the founders of the 
 Fidelity Trust Company; identified with the man- 
 agement of various street railways, banks, and 
 other large financial enterprises of New Jersey, 
 New York, and Pennsvlvania; Presidential elector ! 
 in 1896 and 1900; elected to the United States 
 Senate as a Republican to succeerl William J. 
 Sewell on January 29, 1902. 
 
 Duane, James, was born in New York, Febru- 
 ary 6, 1733; received a liberal education; studied 
 law and admitted to the bar; Delegate to the 
 Continental Congress from New York 1774-1784; 
 
 delegate to the constitutional convention 177l>-77; 
 member of the State senate 1783-84; the first 
 mayor of New York in 1784; delegate to the State 
 convention to consider the Federal Constitution in 
 1788; United States district judge for the district 
 of New York 1789-1794; died at Duanesburg, 
 N. Y., February 1, 1797. 
 
 Du Bose, Dudley Mclver, was born in Shelby 
 County, Tenn., October 28, 1834; educated at the 
 University of Mississippi; studied law and admit- 
 ted to the bar; served in the Confederate army as 
 brigadier-general; elected a Representative from 
 Georgia to the Forty-second Congress as a Demo- 
 crat. 
 
 Dubois, Fred T., of Blackfoot, Idaho, was born 
 in Crawford County, 111., ^lay 29, 1851; received a 
 public school and collegiate education, graduating 
 from Yale College in the class of 1872; secretary of 
 the board of railway and warehouse commission- 
 ers of Illinois 187.5-76; went to Idaho Territory 
 in 1880 and engaged in business; United States 
 marshal of Idaho from August 25, 1882, till Sep- 
 tember 1, 1886; elected to the Fiftieth and Fifty- 
 first Congresses as a Republican Delegate, having 
 secured the admission of the Territory to the Union 
 on July 3, 1890; chairman of the first delegation 
 from the new State to the Republican national 
 convention held at ^Minneapolis, Minn., in June, 
 1892; elected to the United States Senate as a Re- 
 publican December 18, 1890, for the term ending 
 March 3, 1897, and took his seat March 4, 1891; 
 chairman of the Republican delegation from his 
 State to the national Republican convention at 
 St. Louis, in 1896, and left the cf)nvention and the 
 party when the)' declared for the single gold 
 standard: candidate of the Silver Republicans 
 of Idaho for reelection to the Senate in 1896, and 
 beaten by the comV)inrd votes of the Democrats, 
 Populists, and Republicans, receiving 30 votes to 
 40 for Henry Heitfeld; nominated in State con- 
 vention in 1900 Ijy the Democrats, Populists, and 
 Silver Republicans, being classed as a Silver Re- 
 publican; elected to the Ignited States Senate, and 
 took his seat March 4, 1901; after his election de- 
 clared himself a Democrat. 
 
 Dudley, Charles Edward, was born at John- 
 ston Hall, Staffordshire, England, May 23, 1780; 
 came to America with his mother in 1794 and 
 located at Newport, R. I. (where his father had 
 been the King's collector of customs); entered a 
 counting room as clerk; moved to Albany, N. Y., 
 where he became a successful merchant; member 
 of the State senate 1820-1825; mayor of Albany 
 1821-1828; elected United States Senator from New 
 York as a Democrat ( to fill the vacancy caused by 
 the resignation of Martin Van Buren), and served 
 from January 29, 1829, to March 2, 1833; inter- 
 ested in astronomical science; died at Alban\-. 
 N. Y., January 23, 1841. 
 
 Dudley, Edward B., was born at Wilmington, 
 N. C, Decendier 15, 1787; member of the State 
 house of representatives in 1816; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from North Carolina to t(je Twenty-first 
 Congress as a Jackson Democrat; governor of 
 North Carolina 1837-1841; president of the Wil- 
 mington and Raleigh Railroad Company; died at 
 Wilmington, N. C, October 30, 1853. 
 
 Duell, B. Holland, was born at Warren, N. Y., 
 December 20, 1824; received a liberal education; 
 studied law; admitted to the bar and |>racticed; 
 district attorney of Cortland County from 1850 to 
 1855; judge of Cortland County l.S.55-18.59; asses- 
 sor of internal revenue for the twentv-tbird dis- 
 
510 
 
 CONORESSFUNAI. DIKKCTOKY. 
 
 frirt of New York Ironi ISW) to 1871; eli'cle<i a 
 Reiireseiilivo from Nmv York to the Thirty-sixth, 
 Thirty-seventh, Korty-necoiul, anil Forty-third 
 Coiiiiresses as a lieimlilieail. 
 
 Duer, William (lather of Williain Diier), \va.s 
 iMirii in EiijilaiKl. Marcli 18, 1747; received a lib- 
 eral ediuatiiiii: served in the Aiitrln-Iiidiaii army; 
 emijrrated to tlie province of New York in 17t)8, 
 antl located in Wasliinfiton County, where he wa.s 
 judtie, colonel of militia, niendier of the committee 
 of safety, and leailer in the ante-Revolutionary 
 movements; Delegate to the Continental Congress 
 from New York 1777-78: moved to New York City 
 in 178:5; assisted Hamilton in orj^'anizinj.' the Treas- 
 ury Department 178!l-y(l; died at New York Citv, 
 May 7, 1799. 
 
 Duer, William (son of William Puer), was 
 horn at New York City, May _.'). I8(t5: re<-ci\('d a 
 lil>eral education and (;raduateil from Cohnnhia 
 Collcfie in 1824; studied law and was adnutted to 
 the har; hejsin iiracticin;.' at Oswejio; defeated for 
 the lefrislature in 18:j2; moved to New York City 
 and thence to New Orleans, La., in 18:i:!; returned 
 to OswejiO, N. Y., in ISH.i; served in the New York 
 State house of representatives 1840-41; district 
 attorney for < )swei;o County 184.')-1847; elected a 
 Kepresentative from New S'ork to the Thirtieth 
 Congress as a Whig, ami reelected to the Thirty-tirst 
 Congress. 
 
 DugTO, P. Henry, of New York City, w.is horn 
 October :i, 18.Vi; eilncaled at Cohnnhia College, 
 New York; stuilicd law; graduated from the 
 Cohmdiia College Law School; jiracticcil law at 
 New York; member of the State as.sendily in 
 1879; elected to the Forty-seventh Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Cuke, Richard T. W. , was born in .Vlbemarle 
 County, \'a., .lune (1, 1822; graduated from the 
 Vfrginia Military Institute in 184o; graduated 
 from the law school of the L'nivcn^ity of N'irginia 
 in 18.50; elected Commonwealth attorney for the 
 county of Albemarle in 18.')8, and contimied in 
 that office imtil 18t>9; elected a Representative 
 from \'irginia to the Forty-first Congress as a Con- 
 servative (to till the vacancy caused by the death 
 of Robert Ri<lgway), and reelected to the Forty- 
 second Congress. 
 
 Dumont, Ebenezer, was born at Vevay, Ind., 
 November 23, 1814; received a cla.ssical edu- 
 cation; studied law and admitted to the bar; 
 began practicing at Vevay; member of the State 
 house of representatives in 1838; treasurer of 
 Vevay 1839-1.84"); lieutenant-colonel of volunteers 
 in the Mexican war; Presidential elector on the 
 Pierce ticket in 1.8."i2; member of the State hou.«e 
 of representatives in l.S.')0 and in I8."i.'?; colcmel of 
 the ."Seventh Indiana Volunteers in the civil war; 
 elected a Re)iresentative from Indiana to the 
 Thirty-eighth Congrc-isasa Unionist, and reelecteil 
 to the Thirty-ninth Congress. 
 
 Dunbar, William, was elwttHl a Reprt'senta- 
 tive from Louisiana to the Thirty-third Congress 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Duncan, Alexander, was a resident of Cincin- 
 nati, Ohio; physician; electe<l a Rei)resentative 
 from < >hio to the Tweiilylilth and Twenty-sixth 
 Congresses as a Whig; defeatol as the Whig can- 
 didate for the Twentv-seventh CongrcRs; electiil 
 to the Tweiitv-eighth t'ongrese; died at Cincinnati, 
 Ohio, March"2, 18.52. 
 
 Duncan, Daniel, was lx)rn at Shippeiisburg, 
 I'a.. .Iniv 22, 180(1; receive)! a liberal i-<liication; 
 
 emigrated to Ohio; became intereste<lin mercan- 
 tile pursuits; memtx'r of the State legislature of 
 Ohio in 1843; ilefeated for the State .senate on the 
 Whig ticket in 1844; elecle<la Representative from 
 Ohio to the Thirtii-th Congress as a Whig; ilefeat- 
 e<l for reelection: diiilat Washington. D. C, .lime 
 18, 1849. 
 
 Duncan, Garnett, a native of Kentucky; re- 
 ceived a liberal education: stii<lied law and 
 admitteil to the bar; began jiracticing at Ix)uis- 
 ville; elected a Representative from Kentucky to 
 the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig; decliiieil to Ih- 
 a candidate for reelei-tioii; moved to New Orleans 
 and resumed tlie practi<-e of law. 
 
 Duncan, Irvine, of .lackson, Ohio, was Ixjrn 
 at Canonsbiirg, Washington County. I'a.; receiveil 
 a collegiate education; .serveil till the close of the 
 war in tlu- Nineteenth Iowa Infantry; captured 
 and confined ten months in a mililarv prison; 
 elected mayor of .lackson in isiil): elei-'ted State 
 senatorin 1877; led the I lemocratic electoral ticket 
 in Ohio in 1.888; the author of thelirst law in Ohio 
 against the truck system; elected to the Fifty- 
 second Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Duncan, James Henry, was born at Haver- 
 hill. Ma,>^s.. Dcceinliei .'). 179:!; graduated from Har- 
 vard College ill 1812; studied law, and in 181.") w'as 
 admitted to the bar; an active militia otHcer, and 
 attaineil the rank of I'olonel; for three years presi- 
 dent of the Essex Agricultural .^ocietv; member of 
 the State house of re|)resentatives in 1827, 1837. 
 18;iS,and 18.")7; State senator. 1828-1S31 ; appointed 
 commissioner in banknii)tcy in 1841; delegate to 
 the national convention at llarrisburg which 
 noiniiiale<l Harrison and Tyler in 18:i9; elecle<l a 
 Representative from Mas..iachusetts to the Thirty- 
 first Congress as a Whig, and retdected to the 
 Tliirtv-second Congre.ss; died at Haverhill. Ma.ss., 
 February 8. 18(19. 
 
 Duncan, Joseph, was born in Kentucky in 
 1790; received a cla.ssical education: stndieil law; 
 licutiiiant of I'nited States infantry in the war of 
 1812, anil distinguished himself at the defense of 
 Fort Stephenson: moved to Illinois and settled at 
 Kaskaskia, where he lieMseveral local otiices; elec- 
 ted a Representative from Illinois to the Twentieth 
 Congress as a .lackson Democrat: reelecte<l to the 
 Twenty-lirst, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third 
 Congres^^es, serving Irom DeceniK'r :>, 1.S27, until 
 his resignation inNovemlH>r, 1834; moved to,lack- 
 soiiville. III., in 1829; governor of Illinois 1.8:}4- 
 18.38; died at Jacksonville, III., ,Ianuary !•"), 1.844. 
 
 Duncan, William A., .^f tJettysbiir..', I'a.. was 
 born in Franklin Township. Ailams County, I'a., 
 Febriiarv 2, ls:;ii: ._'raduatc<l from Franklin and 
 Marshall College, at Umcaster. in l.s.')7; read law, 
 and was admitted to the bar at Oettvsburg in 1859; 
 elected district attorney in l.s(>2aiul in 18(18; elei"- 
 ted to the Fortv-eighth Congress as a Democrat; 
 died November 14, 1884. 
 
 Dunham, Cyrus L. , was a native of New York; 
 self-educated; moved to Indiana and located at 
 Salem; while teaching sihool stiulieil law; admit- 
 teil to the bar; member of the State house of rep- 
 resentatives 1.84(1-47; became engaged in agri- 
 cultural pursnit.s; electetl a Repri\<eiitative to the 
 Thirty-lirsi ( 'ongress its a Demoi-rat. and i-eelecftil 
 to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congreases: 
 ilefeated as a candidate for the Thirty-fourth Con 
 gress; again electe<l a niember of the State house 
 of representatives; died at Valley Farm, Ind., 
 OctolRT 1.5, 1.8.5(1. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 511 
 
 Dunham, Ransom W., was born at Savny, 
 Mass., Marili 21. 1838; eilucated in the common 
 scliools, closing at the hijrh school at Springfield, 
 Mass.; engaged in the office of the IMassachusetts 
 Mutual Life Insurance Company from August, 
 1855, to August, 1860; moved to Chicago, April 1, 
 1857; grain and provision commission merchant; 
 president of the Board of Trade of Chicago in 1882; 
 elected to the Forty-eighth Congress as a Republi- 
 can, and reelected to the Forty-nintli and Fiftieth 
 Congresses; died in 189fi. 
 
 Dunlap, Georg-e W., was born in Fayette 
 County, Ky., Fel)ruarv 22, 1813; graduated from 
 Transylvania University; studied law; admitted 
 to tlie bar, and began the practice of liis profession 
 at Lancaster, Ky.; mend^er of the State hou.se of 
 representatives; elected a Rejirepentative from 
 Kentucky to the Thirty-seventh Congress as a 
 Unionist; Presidential elector on the McCUellan 
 and Pendleton ticket in 1864. 
 
 Dunlap, Robert P. , was born in ilaine in 1789; 
 graduated from Bowdoin College in 1815; studied 
 law; began practicing at Brunswick, Me.; member 
 of the State house of representatives 1821-1823, 
 and of the State senate 1823-1832; presiilent of the 
 State senate four years; an executive councilor in 
 1833; governor of" Maine 1834-1838; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Maine to the Twenty-eighth 
 Congress as a Democrat, and reelected to the 
 Twenty-ninth Congress; collector of customs at 
 Portland, Me., 1848-49; president of the board of 
 overseers of the Bowdoin College; died at Bruns- 
 wick, Me., October 20, 1859. 
 
 Dunlap, William C, was a native of Tennes- 
 see; elected a Representative from Tennessee to the 
 Twenty-third Congress, and reelected to the 
 Twenty-fourth Congress; moved to Texas in 1838; 
 minister to Mexico in 1839. 
 
 Dunn, George G. , was l>orn in 1813; received 
 a liberal education; studied law; admitted to the 
 bar and began practice at Bedford, Ind.; elected a 
 Representative from Indiana to the Thirtieth Con- 
 gress as a Whig, and to the Thirty-f( lurth Congress 
 as a Republican ; died at Bedford, ln<l., Septem- 
 ber 4, 1857. 
 
 Dunn, George H., resideil at Lawrenceburg, 
 Ind; defeated as the AVhig can(n<late for Congress 
 in 1835; elected a Representative from Indiana to 
 the Twenty-fifth Congress as a '\\'hig; defeated for 
 the Twenty-sixth Congress. 
 
 Dunn, John T., of Elizabeth, N. J., was born 
 in 1838 and resided in New Jer.sey; owing to the 
 death of his mother when he was 4 years old, and 
 his father having a large fanjily of children, he was 
 placed with a farmer, who agreed to give him three 
 months' schooling each year till he was 16 years of 
 age; the farmer neglected his part of the contract, 
 and at 11 years he did not know the alphabet; 
 ran away and shipped as a caliin boy on a vessel 
 trading with the West Indies; on the vessel's re- 
 turn to Philadelphia his brothertook him to (ilou- 
 cester City, where he engaged as bohliin boy in a 
 factory; at 16 learned iron molding, brass turning, 
 and silver burnishing, also painting; while serving 
 an apprenticeship at the latter trade mastered read- 
 ing, writing, and arithmetic, and, by employing 
 his evenings and Sundays and holidays, aciiuired 
 all the education he possessed; took part in the 
 Presidential campaign of 1860 as public speaker; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar; engaged in 
 business in 1862 and acquired a competency; 
 elected alderman of Elizabeth in 1878; four times 
 elected to the legislature of New Jersey; speaker of 
 
 the house in 1882; elected to tlic Fifty-third Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; resumed the jiractice of law. 
 
 Dunn, Poindexter, of Forest City, Ark., was 
 born in "Wake County, N. C, Novend)er 3, 18IW; 
 moved with his father to Limestone County. Ala., 
 in 1836; received his primary education in the 
 county schools, four years in .Tacksnn College at 
 Colundiia, Tenn., where he graduated in 1854; 
 moved to St. Francis County, Ark., in March, 1856; 
 engaged in cotton growing until 1861; elected to 
 the lower house of the Arkansas legislature as a 
 Democrat in 1858; served in the Confederate army 
 during the war; commenced the practice of law in 
 1867; on the Democratic electoral ticket for Ar- 
 kansas in 1872 and 1876; elected a Representative 
 from the State of Arkansas to the Forty-sixth, 
 Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, and 
 Fiftieth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 I Dunn, William McKee, was born in Indiana 
 Territory, December 12, 1814; graduated from the 
 Indiana State College in 1832, and from Yale Col- 
 lege in 1S35; studied law, admitted to the bar, and 
 I practiced; member of the State house of rei)resent- 
 , atives in 1848; delegate to the State constitutional 
 convention in 1850; elected a Representative from 
 Indiana to the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican; reelected to the Thirty-seventh Congress; 
 defeated for the Thirty-eighth Congress; appointed 
 assistant judge-advocate-general of the IJ. S. Army, 
 and December, 1875, promoted to be Judge-Advo- 
 cate-General; died July 24, 1887. 
 
 Dunnell, Mark H., of Owatonna, Minn., was 
 born in Buxton, Me., July 2, 1823; graduated from 
 Colby University, IMaine, in 1849; for five years 
 principal of Norway and Hebron academies; mem- 
 ber of the Maine house of representatives in 1854, 
 ; and of the State senate in 1855; during the vears 
 1855, 1857, 1858, and 1859 was State superintendent 
 of common schools; delegate to the national Re- 
 publican convention at Philadelphia in 1856; com- 
 menced the practice of law at Portland in 1860; 
 entered the Union Army as colonel of the Fifth 
 Maine Infantry in 1861; United States consul at 
 Vera Cruz, Mexico, in 1862; in January, 1865, be- 
 t'ame a citizen of Minnesota; member of the jlin- 
 nesota house of rejiresentatives in 1867; State 
 snjierintendent of public instruction from April, 
 1867, to August, 1870; elected to the Forty-second, 
 Forty-third, Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, 
 Eorty-.seventh, and Fifty-first Congresses as a Re- 
 publican; located at "Washington, D. C. 
 
 Dunphy, Edward J. , of New York, was born 
 
 at New York City May 12, 1856; received his pri- 
 mary education in the jiublic schools of his native 
 city, and in 1871 began a collegiate course at i\Iount 
 St. Mary's College, in Emmitsburg, Md., where, 
 in 1876, he received the degree of A. E. and in 
 1878 the degree of A. M.; connected with the law 
 dejiartment of the New Y'ork Central and Hudson 
 River Railroad Company; elected to the Fifty-first 
 Congress as a Tammany Democrat, and reelected 
 to tlie Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses. 
 
 Durand, George H. , was born at Cobleskill, 
 N. Y., February 21, 1838; moved to Flint. Mich., 
 in 1858; studied law and admitted to tlie bar; 
 elected mayor of Flint in 1873, and reelected in 
 1874; elected a Representative from Michigan to 
 the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Durborc-w, Allan Cathcart, jr., of Chicago, 
 III., was born in Philadelphia, Pa., November 10, 
 1857; moved with his parents toAVillianisport, Ind., 
 where he received his early education; entered 
 "Wabash College, CrawfordsviUe, Ind., in the fall of 
 
T)!: 
 
 CONORESSIONAl, DI UKCIKKY. 
 
 1S72; sriiiUmtiMl from tlie rnivei>ity i>l Indiana, at 
 Blooniin);t<:n, in 1S77; after ropiilinp in Inilianap- 
 ii|)llsniiiviMl tol'liicafri'; elicti-il tn tli<' I'iftv-sccond 
 C'<int;ri'S.'<a.iiilH'in(irnit, and rei'Urted to tlii' Kifty- 
 thiril Congress; defeated for the Fifty-eiglitli 
 (■onj:ress. 
 
 Durfee, Job. was born in Tiverton, K. I., in 
 17!i(l; ^'ra(liiati<l from Brown rniversity in IKIS; 
 studied law, admitted to the liar and hefian prae- 
 tieinj; at Tiverton; member of the State house of 
 representatives lSi:i-lSl!l and 1H1'7-I8l'»; elected 
 a Keiiresentative from Khoile Island to the Seven- 
 teenth Congress as the people's landidate, and to 
 tlie I'ijihteenth Con^rress as a Democrat; defeated 
 for the Nineteenth and Twenty-tirst Congresses; 
 resumed the jiractice nf law; elected associate and 
 chief justice of the Hbode Island supreme court; 
 died in 1.H47. 
 
 Durfee, Nathaniel B., was bom at Tiverton. 
 I;. I.. Sc|iteniber I'll. ISll.'; received a liberal edu- 
 cation; en^aj;ed in agricultural |)ursuits; mendier 
 of the Khode Island as.sendjly for eleven years; 
 elected a Hepresentalive from "Hhode Island to the 
 Thirty-fourth Coiiurress as an American, and to 
 the Thirty-liftli Conpre.?s as a Kepublican; dieil 
 at Tivi'rtoii, K. I.. November 12. 1S72. 
 
 Durham, Milton J., was born in Mercer 
 County (Boyle County), Ky..May It), bSLM; sirad- 
 uated from Asbury Cniversity. Indiana, in 1,S44; 
 studieil law, and" graduated" in IS.'jO from the 
 Louisville Law School; one of the circuit judfies of 
 Kentucky in ISIll and ISfil'; elected a Rel)resenta- 
 tivc from' KcMluclvX- to the Forty-third Cons:rcss as 
 a lUinocrat. and reeUited to tlie Forty -fourth and 
 Forty-fifth Congresses. 
 
 Durkee, Charles, was horn at Royalton, Vt., 
 Pecendier 10, 1S().">; received a liberal education; 
 moved to Wisconsin; member of the Territorial 
 legislature in l^lidand ls:iS; elected a Kepresenta- 
 tive from Wisconsin to theThirty-tirst and Thirty- 
 seconil Congres.ses as a Free Soiler; delegate to 
 the World's Peace Convention at Paris; eleeteil a 
 United Slates Senator inmi Wisconsin as a Kepub- 
 liean (in the place of I. V. Walker, Democrat i, 
 and serve<l from December S. bs,-,,-, (,, March ii, 
 IKOl; aiipoinled governor of Utah in ist3.5. ami 
 served until failing health compelled him to re- 
 sign: died at Omaha, Nehr., January 14, 1870. 
 
 Duval. Gabriel, was Ixirn in Prince ("teorge 
 County, Mil.. December (i, 17.')L'; received a lib- 
 eral eduiation; studied law and admitted to the 
 bar; elected a Kejiresentative from Maryland to 
 the Third Congress (in place of .lohn F. Mercer, 
 resigned) a.s a Democrat; reelected to the Fourth 
 Congress, serving from November II. 1794, to 
 March 2S, 17!Mi, when he resigned; elected judge 
 of the su|ireme court of Marylaml; api>ointe<i 
 Comptroller of the Currency in Decemlter. l.'^OL'. 
 and resigneil Novendxr is. isil, having been ap- 
 )K»intcd a justice of the Supreme Court of the 
 I'nited States; resigned in is:i6 on account of 
 deafness; died in Prince (Jeorge County. Md.. 
 March tl. IH44. 
 
 Duval, Isaac H., was horn at W'ellsburg. 
 Brooke County, Va., Septendier 1. 1.S24; received 
 a liberal education; entered the C. S. volunteer 
 service .lune 1, IMil, as major of the First West 
 Virginia Infantry; promoted to the colonelcy of 
 the Ninth West Virginia Infantry Septendier <>, 
 1K6'J; promoted to brigadier-general ( ii tober 20, 
 18K4,and suliseiinently to major-general by brevet; 
 served two year-s in tlie West Virginia Staiesi'iiate; 
 adjutant-general of the SUite two years; elected a 
 
 Representative from West X'irginia to the Forty- 
 tirst Congress as a Kepidilican. 
 
 Duval. William P., was born in 1784; receivtfl 
 a liberal iducation; moved to Kentucky; studied 
 law and a<lmitted to the bar; during the Indian 
 hostilities of 1S12 commanded a com|ianv of 
 mounted volunteers; electe<l a Hepre.sentative from 
 Kentucky to the Thirteenth Congrt-ss as a Demo- 
 crat; resumed practice at Bardstown, Ky.; ap- 
 pointe<I United .States judge for the district of 
 Florida; governor of Florida under Presidents 
 Monroe, .\<lams. and .lackson. ser\iiig from 1822 
 to 1834; moved to Texas in 184K; died a Washing- 
 ton, D. C, March 1!). 1K.54. 
 
 Dwig:ht. Henry W.. was a native of Berkshire 
 Coimty, .Mass.; member of the State legislature in 
 ISKS; elected a Kepre.sentative from Ma.ss;iehusetts 
 to the .Seventeenth Congress, and reelected to the 
 Fighteenth, Nineteenth. Twentieth, and Twenty- 
 lirst Congresses; died at New York Citv Febniarv 
 21, IS4."). 
 
 Dwight, Jeremiah W. , of Dryden, N. Y.. was 
 borti at Cinciniuitus, Cortland County, N. Y.; 
 reared as a I'arnur and mechanic; re<eived his 
 education in district schools and at a village high 
 school; went early into mercantile pursuits; en- 
 gaged in farming and real estate operations, 
 including transactions in ]iine lands in Wisconsin 
 and city imijierty in .Jersey City, and in the manu- 
 facture and sale of lumber; elected sujiervi-sor of 
 the town of Dryden in \Sb' anil IS.W; chairman 
 of the board; member of the State assembly in 
 l.siiOand l.stil; a|ipointcd by (iovernor Morg-an a 
 member of the senatorial district war committee 
 in ISiil; delegate to the Heptiblican national con- 
 vention at Chicago in l.stiS; director, memtier of 
 executive committee, and vice-jiresident of the 
 Southern Central Hailroad for manv years; elected 
 to the Forty-lifth. Fortv-sixth. ani^ Forty-seventh 
 Congre.s.«es as a Kepublu'an. 
 
 Dwight, John Wilbur, of Dryden, N. Y., was 
 lifiru May 24, is.'il'. in that jilace; elected to the 
 Fifty-seventh Congre.-s as a Reiniblican. to fill the 
 vacancv caused by the resignation of lion. (i. W. 
 Kav; reelected to the Fifty-eighth ('ongre.ss. 
 
 Dwight. Theodore, was born at Northampton, 
 I Ma.ss., December b"), 17t)4; received a liln'ral edu- 
 I cation; studied law and began i>raeticing at Hart- 
 ford, Conn.; served several years in the State 
 senate; elected a Representative from Connecticut 
 to the Ninth Congress as a Federalist (in place of 
 of .lohn Cotton Smith, rcsigneil (. serving from De- 
 cember I, l.HDii, to Manh .!. I.stl7; editor of the 
 Hartford Mirror; secretary of the IlartfonI Con- 
 vention; moved to Albany in 18bT; published the 
 Albany Daily Advertiser; moved te New York in 
 1817 aiid established the New York Daily Adver- 
 tiser, with which he was connected until the great 
 iire of ls;i.">; returneil to Hartford; died at New- 
 York .lune 12. lS4»i. 
 
 Dwight. Thomas, was a native of Ma.ssachu- 
 setls, gradualeil from Harvard College in 1778; 
 member of the State legislature 17!'4 and 17!l.">; 
 served in the State senate 17!«>-b'*0:! and 18i:{; 
 member of the governor's council 1S|»8 and ISdit; 
 elected a Representative from Massachusetts to the 
 Kighth Congrei's; died in 1819. 
 
 Dwinell. Justin, was Imrn at Cnzenovia. N. Y. ; 
 graduated from Yale College in l.Sd.'); memlM'r<if 
 the Stale house of rejiresentatives in 1821, l.'<22; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Kightoenth Cougre.«s. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 513 
 
 Dyer, David P., was liorn in Honry County, 
 Va., February 12, 1838; in 1841 moved to Lincoln 
 County, Mo.; received a lilieral education; studied 
 law at Bowling Green, Pike County, INIo., and 
 admitted to the Ijarin March, 1859; elected jirose- 
 cuting attorney for the third judicial circuit in 
 1860; member of the legislature from Tike County 
 in 1862-1805; recruited and counnanded theForty- 
 nintli Regiment jMissouri Volunteer Infantry dur- 
 ing tlie civil war; secretary of the State senate in 
 1866; delegate to the national Republican conven- 
 tion in 1868; elected a Representative from Mis- 
 souri to the Forty-first Congress as a Repulilican. 
 
 Dyer, Eliphalet, was born at Windham, Conn. , 
 September 28, 1721; graduated from Yale College 
 in 1740; studied law and was adn}itted to the bar; 
 representative to the general court 174o-1762; ap- 
 pointed in 1755 colonel of a regiment of Connect- 
 icut xolunteers raised for the conquest of Canada; 
 delegate to the stamp-act congress in 1765; ap- 
 pointed judge of the supreme court in 1766; Dele- 
 gate from Connecticut to the Continental Congress 
 1774-1779 and 1780-1783; chief justice of the 
 supreme court of Connecticut 1789-1793; died at 
 Wmdham, Conn., May 13, 1807. 
 
 Eager, S. W. , was a native of Orange County, 
 N. Y.; graduated from Princeton College in 1809; 
 was elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Twenty-tirst Congress in place of Hector Craig, 
 resigned. 
 
 Eames, Benjamin T. , was born in Dedham, 
 Mass., June 4, 1818; graduated from Yale College 
 in 1843; studied law, and in 1845 admitted to the 
 bar; began practicing in Providence, R. I.; mem- 
 ber of the house of representatives in the general 
 assembly of that State in 1859, 1868, and 1869; 
 speaker of the house of representatives in 1869; 
 member of the State senate in 1854, 1855, 1856, 
 1859, and 1863; elected a Representative from 
 Rhode Island to the Forty-second Congress as a 
 Republican and reelected tothe Forty-third, Fort}-- 
 fourth, an<l Fortv-fifth Congre.sse."; died at East 
 Greenwich, R, I.," October 6, 1901. 
 
 Earl, Neheniiah H. , was born in Onondaga 
 County, N. Y.; received a public school education; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Earle, Elias, was a native of Frederick County, 
 Va. ; received a liberal education; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from South Carolina to the Ninth, 
 Twelfth, Thirteenth, Fifteenth, and Sixteenth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Earle, John B. , was a native of South Carolina; 
 received a lil>eral education; elected a Representa- 
 tive from South Carolina to the Eighth Congress. 
 
 Earle, Joseph H., of Greenville, S. C, was born 
 at Greenville, S. C, April 30, 1847; attended the 
 high schools at that place until he entered the 
 service of the Confederacy in the war between 
 the States; after the close of the war entered Fur- 
 man I'niversity at Greenville, S. C, where he fin- 
 ished his collegiate education; taught school for 
 three years and during that time studied law ami 
 was adnntted to the bar in 1870; elected to the 
 legislature of South Carolina from Sumter County 
 in 1878, and in 1882 elected to the State senate from 
 the same county; delegate to the national Demo- 
 cratic conventions in 1880 and 1884; elected attor- 
 ney-general of South Carolina in 1 886 and reelected 
 to same office in 1888; opposed Hon. B. R.Tillman 
 in 18i»0 as the conservative Democratic candidate 
 for governor and was defeated; elected to the office 
 of circuit judge in 1894, which position he held 
 
 H. Dot'. 458 33 
 
 when elected to the United States Senate as a 
 Democrat on January 27, 1897, to succeed Hon. 
 J. L. M. Irby; took his seat March 4, 1897; died 
 ;\Iay 20, 1897, before the expiration of hia term. 
 
 Earle, Samuel, was a native of Charleston, 
 S. C; elected a Representative from South Carolina 
 to the Fourth Congress. 
 
 Earll, Jonas, jr., was born in 1786; resided in 
 Onondaga County, N. Y., and received a common 
 school education; member of the State house of 
 representatives 1820-21 ; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Twentieth Congress as a 
 .lackson Democrat; reelected to the Twenty-first 
 Congress; elected a canal commissioner, serving 
 from February 8, 1842, until his death, at Syracuse, 
 October 11, 1846. 
 
 Early, Peter, was Ijorn in Madison County, 
 Va., June 20, 1773; graduated from Princeton Col- 
 lege in 1792; studied law and admitted to the bar; 
 began practicing in ^ladison County, Ga., in 1795; 
 elected a Representative from Georgia to the Sev- 
 enth Congress in place of John Milledge, re- 
 signed; reelected to the Eighth and Ninth Con- 
 gresses; judge of the supreme court 1807-1813; 
 member of the State senate; died in Green County, 
 Ga., August 15, 1817. 
 
 Easterbrook, Experience, was born at Leb- 
 anon, N. H., A])ril 30, 1813; received a liV)eral ed- 
 ucation; studied law and admitted to the bar; 
 began practicing at Geneva, AVis. , in 1840; dele- 
 gate to the second State constitutional convention 
 of AVisconsin; member of tlie State house of repre- 
 sentatives in 1851; attorney-general of Wisconsin 
 in 1852; moved to Nebraska Territory and served 
 as district attorney 1854-18.59; claimed to have 
 been elected from Nebraska Territory as a Demo- 
 crat, but the House decided that he had only re- 
 ceived 2,671 votes, and gave the seat to Samuel G. 
 Daily, as having received 2,790 votes; he served 
 from December 5, 1859, to April 20, 1860; moved 
 to Chicago, 111., in 1894. 
 
 Eastman, Benjamin C, received a public 
 school education; moved to Platteville, AVis.; held 
 several local offices; elected a Representative from 
 AVisconsin to the Thirty-second Congress as a 
 Democrat; reelected to theThirtv-third Congress; 
 died at Platteville, AVis., February 5, 1856. 
 
 Eastman, Ira A., was a native of New Hamp- 
 shire; graduated from Dartmouth College in 1829; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar; began prac- 
 ticing at Gilmanton; served several years as mem- 
 ber of the State house of representati\es and State 
 senate; served as speaker of the liouse 1837-1839; 
 register of proljate; elected a Representative from 
 New' Hampshire to the Twenty-sixth Congress as a 
 Democrat, and reelected to the Twenty-se\'enth 
 Congress; a judge of the ciicuit and State supreme 
 courts 1844-18.59. 
 
 Eastman, Neheniiah, was born in Strafford 
 County, N. H., in 1800; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; studied law; admitted to the bar; began 
 practicing at Farmington, N. II.; member of the 
 State senate 1820-1825; elected a Representative 
 from New Hampshire to the Nineteenth Congress; 
 died at Farmington, N. H., January 11, 1856. 
 
 Easton, B.ufus, was elected a Delegate from the 
 Territory of Missouri to the Thirteenth Congress 
 as a Demoi'rat; reelected to the Fourteenth Con- 
 gress (defeating ,Iohn Scott, who obtained the cer- 
 tificate of election but wa.s rejecteil by the House),' 
 serving from November 16, 1814, to March 3, 1817. 
 
514 
 
 i'ONOKK!5SIU>'AL UIKKCIDKV. 
 
 £atoti, John Henry, was liDin in Tcnnc.«si'>- 
 in IMNI; riM-iMvi'il :i lihcial iMlnraliivii; >tnilii"cl law 
 and aiiniitli'il In llir liar; iiraiticuil at Naslivilks 
 eltrtiMl Unili'il Stiitt's Senator I'mni Tennessee (in 
 place (if (ieiifjie \V. t'anipliell, resiyjiieil ), ami vnian- 
 inionsly reeleeteil, servini; from November Hi, 
 181S, to Mareli, ISL'9, when lie resigned; ajuiointed 
 Sinretary of War l)y President .laekson; resigned 
 June IS, 18.S1; a|)|Hiinte<l governor of Florida 
 1K;{4-1,s:W; minister to Spain 1H31>-1840; died at 
 VVa.>ihingtoii, D. C., November 17, 185(). 
 
 Eaton. Lewis, wjitJa nativeof New York State; 
 elected a lii'iiresentative from New York Jo the 
 Kigliteenth t'ongress. 
 
 ■ Eaton, William W., was liorn in Tolland, 
 Conn., October 11, ISKi; ri'ceived a liberal I'dnca- 
 tion; stndied law anil admitted to the bar; served 
 in the State senate; clerk of the sni)eri<ir and su- 
 preme eoiirt.s of Tolland and Hartford counties; 
 served four years as recorder of Hartford County; 
 member of the State house of re|iresentatives in 
 1847, 1848, \S--,:\, 180:?, l,S(i8, 1870, 1871, 187:!, and 
 1874; speakerof the house 18."):iand 187:!; mend>er 
 of the State senate of Connecticut in 18ri0; elected 
 a I'nited States Senator froiu Connecticut as a 
 Democrat (to succeed W . A. JUickingham, Kepub- 
 liean) for the term eonunencing March 4, 1875; 
 tij)on tlie death of Senator liuckingham in Febru- 
 ary, 1875, wasajipointed to till the vacancy, taking 
 Ills seat February \'A, 187"); elected to the Forty- 
 eighth Congress; <iied at Hartford. Conn., Seji- 
 tendierL'l, ISilS. 
 
 Eckert, George N. , wa.s a resident of I'otts- 
 ville, I'a. ; elected a Kepresentative from I'eimsyl- 
 vania to the Thirtieth I'ongress as a Whig. 
 
 Eckley, Ephraim R. , wa.s born in .Jefferson 
 County, Ohio, Decendier ;), 1812; received a lib- 
 eral education; studieil law; admitted to the bar; 
 began practicing at Carrolltnn; a intMuber of the 
 State senate of Ohio in 184:!, 1844, 184o, 184(i, 1849, 
 and 18,i0; inendier of the house of representatives 
 in 185;?; serveil in the I'nion .\rmy and attained 
 the rank of brigadier-general; elected a Ki'present- 
 ative from Ohio to the Thirty-eighth Congress as 
 a Kepublican; reelected to the Thirty-ninth and 
 Fortieth Congresses. 
 
 Eddy, Frank Harion, of Glenwood, Minn., 
 was born at I'lcasuit ( Irove, Minn., .April 1, 18.it), 
 and was the lirst Kejiresi'iitativeof Minne.'-ota who 
 was a native of that State; elected to the Fiftv- 
 fourth, Fifly-lifth, Fifty-si.\th, and Fifty-.seventh 
 Congresses sis a Republican. 
 
 Eddy. Norman, was a native of New York 
 State, but w hen iiuite young moved to Indiana i 
 and hn'ated at South I5enil; held several local 
 oflices; eleited a Ivi'preseiitative from Indiana to 
 the Thirty-third Congre.ssius a Democrat; defeated 
 for reelection; colonel of the Forty-eighth Indiana 
 Regiment of Volunteers during the civil war: 
 elected secretary of state in 1870; died at Indian- 
 apolis Ind.. .lanuary 28, 1872. 
 
 Eddy. Samuel, was horn at Johnston, R. I., 
 March ;!1, 17(i!t; received a lilK'ralediication; gradii- 
 ate<i from Brown I'liivers^ity in 1787; studied law 
 and adtnitted to the bar; )irn<-ticed a short time; 
 clerk of the supremo court 17!H)-170:i; secivtary of 
 state 17ii8-18l!(; elect<"<l a Representative frt)m 
 Rhode Island to the .Sixteenth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat, without opposition, anil reeleifed to the Sev- 
 enteenth and Kighteenth Congresies; defeateil for 
 the Nineteenth and Twenty-first Congresses; chief 
 
 justice of the sujireme court of Rhoile Island 
 |S27-18:«; »litHl at Proviilence, R. I., Febriiarv 2, 
 I8;«». 
 
 Eden, John R., was horn in Rath County, Ky., 
 February 1, ls2(i; ukivihI with his parents to In- 
 diana; studied lawaiid admitted tothebar; l>egan 
 practicing at Sullivan. 111.; Stati- attorney for the 
 seventeenth judicial distriit of Illinois l.S.5(>-18t«); 
 electt-d a Representative from Illinois to the 
 Thirty-eighth, Forty-third, Forty-fourth, Forty- 
 fifth, am) Forty-ninth Congres.ses as a Demo<-rai; 
 after leaving Congres-s resumed the practice of law 
 at Sullivan, III. 
 
 Edgerton, Alfred P., was a native of New 
 York; moved w ith his jiarents to Ilicksville, Ohio, 
 where he aeijuired an academic education; elected 
 a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-second 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to tlie Thirty- 
 third Congrt>.ss. 
 
 Edgerton, Joseph Eetchiun, was born at 
 Vergemies, \'t., February l(i, 1818; educated in 
 the public schools of Clinton Countv, N. Y; stud- 
 ied law at I'lattsburg and admitted to the bar in 
 New York City in ls:!0; moved to Fort Wayne, 
 Ind., in 18.")4; became presideiitof theFort Wayne 
 and Chicago Railroad; elected a Representative 
 from Indiana to the Thirty-eighth Congress as a 
 Democrat; defeated for reelection; died in 1,8<(;). 
 
 Edgerton, Sidney, was born at Cazenovia, 
 N. v., in IsbS; receivedaliinitede<lucation; moved 
 to Ohio in 18114; studieil law and admitted ti- the 
 bar; began jiractieing at Talmadge, Ohio; for four 
 years nrosei-uting attorney for Sunnnit County; 
 electeil a R«'presentative from Ohio to the Thirty- 
 sixth Congress a.s a Republican; reelected to the 
 Thirty-seventh Congres.-i; appointe<l I'nited .states 
 judge for the Territory of Idaho in 1864, and gov- 
 ernor of Montana 18t).>-<>t). 
 
 Edie, John R. , was born at (iettysburg. Pa.; 
 received a jnililir school education; electe<l a Re|>- 
 re.sentative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-fourth 
 Congress as a Whig; reelected to the Thirty-fifth 
 Congress. 
 
 Edmands, J. Wiley, was l)orn at Boston, Mass., 
 
 March 1, l.soii; received a liberal eilucation; mem- 
 ber of the tirm of .Vbbott it Amos, Lawrence, from 
 which he retired in 184:); elected a Rejiresentative 
 from Ma.-^.sichusetts to the Thirtv-third Congress 
 as a Whig; declineii to he a candidate for reelec- 
 tion; treasurer of the Pacilic nulls at l.aw ri-nce in 
 18.")5; a Presidential elei-tor on the (irant and Col- 
 fax ticket in 181)8; founded a ]iublic library at 
 Newton; dieil at Newton, January 1. 1877. 
 
 Edmond. William, was born at .South Britain, 
 Conn.. .Si'ptember 2S, 17-")"); graduated from Yale 
 College in 177:i; wounded at the battle of Danhury 
 wliile serving in the Revolutionary .\rmy; studieil 
 law and admitted to the bar in 1780; a iiu'mlier 
 of the State house of representatives; jihIlh' of the 
 .State supreme court; ilected a Representative 
 from Conneclicnt to the Fifth Congn-.-is (in place 
 of James Davenport, deceased) as a Federalist- 
 reelected to the Sixth Congress; died at Newton. 
 Conn., August 1, 18.H8. 
 
 Edmunds, George F., of Burlington, Vt., was 
 born at Richmond. Vt.. February 1, 1828; received 
 a public school education and the instruction of a 
 private tutor; studied and jirai'tiii'd law; menilK»r 
 of the State legislature of Vermont in 18.')4, 18.5,5, 
 18.')7, 18.'S8,and 18.');t, servingthre*' years as s|)eaker; 
 a inendicr of the .State senate, and its presiding 
 officer pro tempore in 18»)1 and l.st)2; appointed 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 515 
 
 to the United States Senate as a Repuljlium to fill 
 the vacancy caused by the deatli of Solomon Foot, 
 and took his seat April 5, 18(36; elected by the 
 legislature for the remainder of the term ending 
 March 4, 1S69; reelected for the tenns ending in 
 1875, 1881, 1887, and 1893; resigned November 1, 
 1891; member of the electoral commission of 1876; 
 after lea\ing the United States Senate he moved 
 to Philadeliihia, Pa., where he engaged in the 
 prai'tice of law. 
 
 Edmunds, Paul Carrington, was l)orn in 
 Halifax County, Va., November 1, 183li; educated 
 by a private tutor at home; three years at the 
 university of Virginia; graduated in law from 
 William and Mary College, Williamsburg, Va. ; 
 p]-acticed law for nearly two years in Jefferson 
 City, Mo.; returned to Virginia in 18.58, and 
 engaged in agriculture on his farm in Halifax 
 County; elected to the senate of Virginia in 1881, 
 and served four years; reelec'ted in 1884; a dele- 
 gate from the Sixth district to the Democratic 
 national Cl^nventinn at Chicago in 1884; electe<l to 
 the Fifty-first Congress as a Democrat; reelected 
 to the Fifty -second and Fifty-third Congresses. 
 
 Edmundson, Henry A., was a native of Vir- 
 ginia; received a liberal education; studied law; 
 admitted to the bar and began practicing at Salem; 
 elected a Representative from Virginia to tlie 
 Thirtv-first Congress; reelected to the Thirty- 
 second, Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth, 
 and Thirty-sixth Congresses; liad no opposition 
 except for the Thirty-first and Thirty-fourth Con- 
 gresses. 
 
 Edsall, Joseph E. , was born in Sussex County, 
 N. J.; received a common st'hool education; 
 electecl a Kepi'esentative from New Jersey to the 
 Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat; reelected 
 to the Thirtieth Congress. 
 
 Edwards, Benjamin, was born in Stafford 
 County, Va., in 17.52; received a connnon school 
 ecUication; member of the State legislature; dele- 
 gate to the State convention which ratified the 
 Federal Constitution; elected a Representative 
 from Maryland to the Third Congress (in ]ilace of 
 Uriah Forrest, resigned), serving from January 2, 
 179.5, to March 3, 1795; moved to Todd County, 
 Ky., and died there November 13, 1826. 
 
 Edwards, Caldwell, of Bozeman, Mont., was 
 born at Sag Harbor, N. Y., January 8, 1841; 
 educated in the district schools; salesman and 
 bookkeeper in dry goods stores; moved to Mon- 
 tana in the summer of 1864; located on a farm that 
 fall; three times . elected a member of the Terri- 
 torial legislature; elected to the Fifty-seventli t'on- 
 gress (111 a fusion ticket with the Democrats. 
 
 Edwards, Francis S., was born in Norwich, 
 Conn., May 28, 1818; received a lilieral education; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar; began practic- 
 ing at Fredonia, Chautauqua County, N. Y. ; elected 
 a Representative from New Y'ork to the Thirty- 
 fourth Congress as an American ; resigne<l February 
 28, 1857; defeated for reelection to the Thirty-fifth 
 Congress. 
 
 Edwards, Henry Waggaman, was born at 
 New Haven, Conn., in 1779; graduated from Prince- 
 ton College in 1797; studied law at the Litchfield 
 Law School; admitted to the liar and began prac- 
 ticing at New Haven, Conn.; elected a Represent- 
 ative from Connecticut to the Sixteenth Congress 
 as a Democrat; reelected to the Seventeenth Con- 
 gress; appointed LTnited States Senator (in place 
 of Elijah Boardman, deceased), and subsequently 
 
 elected, serving from December 1, 1823, to ^larch 
 4, 1829; member of the State house of rejiresenta- 
 tives in 1830, serving as speaker, and again 183.5- 
 1838; died at New Haven, Conn., July 22, 1847. 
 
 Edwards, John, was born in Virginia, and 
 while quite young moveil to Fayette County, Ky. ; 
 memlier of the Kentucky State house of repre- 
 sentatives 1781-1783 and 1785; delegate to the 
 State constitutional convention in 1785 and of the 
 convention to ratify the Federal Constitution in 
 1792; elected a United States Senator from Ken- 
 tucky and served from October 24, 1791, to March 
 3, 1795. 
 
 Edwards, John, resided at Kphratah, N. Y. ; 
 was elected a Representative from that State to the 
 Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Edw^ards, John, resided at Ivy Mills, Delaware 
 County, Pa.; was elected a Reiiresentative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Twenty-sixth Congress as a 
 AVhig; reelected to the Twenty-seventh Congress. 
 
 Edwards, John, was born in Jefferson County, 
 Ky., October 24, 1815; received a Umited educa- 
 tion; studied law and admitted to the liar; moved 
 to Indiana, where he served in the State legisla- 
 ture 1845-1849; moved to California, and in 1849 
 elected alcalde there; returned to Indiana in 18.52, 
 and the same year elected to the State senate; 
 moved to Iowa, and in 1855 elected a member of 
 the constitutional convention of that State; served 
 in the Iowa State legislature 1856-1860, the last two 
 years as speaker of the house; appointed lieuten- 
 ant-colonel. May 21, 1861, on the staff of the gov- 
 ernor of Iowa, and commanded troops until May, 
 1862, when he was appointed colonel of the 
 Eighteenth Iowa Infantry; appointed lirigadier- 
 general of volunteers in April, 1864; at the close 
 of the war settled in Fort Smith, Ark.; elected 
 a Representative from Arkansas to the Forty-sec- 
 ond Congress as a Liberal Republican ; his election 
 was successfully contested by T. Boles. 
 
 Edwards, John C, was a native of Chester, 
 Pa.; received a liberal education; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from ilissouri to the Twenty-seventh 
 Congress; governor of Missouri 1844-1848. 
 
 Edwards, Ninian, was born in IMontgomery 
 County, Md., March 17, 1775; graduated from 
 Dickinson College; studied law; moved to Ken- 
 tucky; admitted to the bar; served in the State 
 legislature; elected judge of the circuit court, judge 
 of the court of appeals, and chief justice of the 
 State; appointed governor of the Territory of Illi- 
 nois 1809-1818; elected a Unitc>d States Senator 
 from Illinois as a Democrat, serving from Decem- 
 ber 4, 1818, to March 4, 1824, when he resigned; 
 appointed minister to Mexico March 4, 1824, and 
 while on his way was instructed to return and 
 answer charges filed against him by W. H. Craw- 
 ford, Secretarv of theTreasurv; again elected gov- 
 ernor of Illinois 1826-1831; died at Belleville, 111., 
 July 20, 18.33. 
 
 Edwards, Pierrepont, was liorn at Northamp- 
 ton, Mass., Ajiril 8, 1750; graduated from Prince- 
 ton College in 1768; studied law and admitted to 
 the bar; began practicing at New Haven, Conn., 
 in 1771; served in the Revolutionary Army; 
 served for several years in the State house of rep- 
 resentatives; Delegate from Connectii'ut to the 
 (^'ontinental Congress 1787-88; a]iiKunted United 
 States district judge for the district of Connecticut; 
 died at Bridgeport, Conn., April 5, 1826. 
 
 Edwards, Samuel, was born near Chester, Pa., 
 
 received a common school education; elected a 
 
51«5 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIKKt TOKY. 
 
 Kepn'fcntutivo fniin Pennsylvania tothi- Sixtei'ntli 
 Con'.'ri'ss as a Fcili-nilisl: ici'U'iti>il to the Sevon- 
 teiMitli, I'.inhlffiitli, ami Niu>'t»'i-"tli ("on!:r(:'S.-H.>!<. 
 
 Edwards, Thomas M., was liorii in Cliesliiro 
 County, N. II.: •.'railuatfil I'idmi Jtartininilli Col- 
 lects stnclieil law; ailiiiitle<l to the liar and prac- 
 tioed; served several terms in the New llaniiisliire 
 legislature; I'resiiiential eleelor on the I'leuiont 
 ticket ill IS'ili; eleetecl a Hepresentative from New 
 llaiii]>slure to the Thirty-sixlh Couf^ress as a lie- 
 pulilii an; rci'lc itcd to theThirty-seventh Congress. 
 
 Edwards, Thomas O., was a native of Mary- 
 land; nieived a liberal edueation; moved to ( Ihio; 
 eleeteda Representative from Ohioto theTliirtii'th 
 Congress as a Whij;; delVate<l for reelection in the 
 Thirty-lirst Congress. 
 
 Edwards, Weldon Nathaniel, was lioru at 
 Warren, .\. C., in ITSS; received a liberal eduea- 
 tion; stiidie<l law, anil in IMOadmitted to the bar; 
 began jirailicing at Warrenton; member of tlu' 
 house of commons 1,S14 and IMi; elected a Kepre- 
 sentative from North Carolina to the Fourteenth 
 Congress (in place of Nathaniel .Macon, elected 
 Senator) as a Democrat ; reelected to the Fifteenth, 
 Sixteenth, Seventeenth. Kighteeiith. and Nine- 
 teenth Congresses; elected State senator in ISSS, 
 and successively reelected until 1S44; member of 
 the North Carolina coiistitnlional I'oiiveiition in 
 l>S;i."); again elected to the State senate in IS.MI, and 
 chosen its iiresideiit; jiresident of the State eon- [ 
 veiitinn in 18til; died at Warren, N. C, December | 
 l.s, IS7S. 
 
 Edwards, William P. , was a native of Geor- 
 gia; elected a Representative from <4eop^ia to the 
 Fortieth Congress as a Kepublican. 
 
 Efifher, Valentine, was born in Schoharie 
 County, N. Y.; received a lilieral education; 
 member of the State Imusc of reiiresentatives in 
 181'il; elected a Kc]ircsentative from New York to 
 the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 ' Egbert, Albert G. , was 1 >orn in Mereer County, 
 Pa., April bi, ISiiS; given a liberal edueation; 
 became a farmer; began the study of medicine in 
 18.5:5 and graduated in .March, "iS.Mi; practiced 
 until ISlil. when he bei-ame intere.sted in manufac- 
 turing and farming: elected a Ke]>resentative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Forty-fourth Congress ius a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Egbert, Joseph, was a native of Kichmiind, 
 N. Y'.; received a common school education: 
 eleeteil a Hepresentative from New York to the 
 Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, serving 
 from May :il, IS41, to March :!, 184.S. 
 
 Ege, George, was born in lirooks County, Pa.; 
 received a public schnol education; elected a Kep- 
 re.seiitHlive from I'eimsylvania to the I'onrth Con- 
 gress in jilace of Daiiiel 1 leister, resigneil; re- 
 elected to the Fifth Congreiis; resigneil in 1797. 
 
 Eggleston, Benjamin, was born in Corinth, 
 N. Y., .lanuary :!, ISbi; received a libend ednca- 
 lion; moved to Cincinnati, where he engaged in 
 mercantile imrsnits; presiding olliccr of the city 
 council of Cincinnati; served in the Ohio Slate sen- 
 ate 1.8112-1811.5; elected a Representative from Ohio 
 to the Thirtv-iiinlh Congress as a Remiblican; re- 
 elected to the Fortieth Congress; died February 9, 
 1M88. 
 
 Eggleston, Joseph, was born in .Vmelia County, 
 Va., November m, 17.54; graduated from the Col- 
 h>ge of William and Mary; captain and major of 
 bee's Liudit- Horse Cavalrv in the Revolutionary 
 
 .Vrmy; inemlier of the Virginia lion.«e fii repre- 
 st'litalives for several years; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Virginia to the Fifth Congress in iilaco 
 of William It. (iiles, resigned: rwlected to the 
 Sixth Congress; dii-d in .Vmelia County, Va., Feb- 
 ruary l.'i, 1811. 
 
 Eickhoff, Anthony, wiis born in tierinaiiy 
 
 SeptemlH-r 11, I8L'7; emigrated to .\meriea in 
 1847; located at St. Louis and there studied law; 
 became an editor; edited papers at St. l.ouis, Dll- 
 bmine, Louisville, and liiially at New York in 1852; 
 appointed coinmis.siry-geiieral of subsistence for 
 the State of New York in 18(i:!; member of the 
 a.«sembly in 18.5:i; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Forty-tifth Congress jis a Demo- 
 crat. 
 
 Einstein, Edwin, of .New York, N. Y., wiu' 
 born at Cincinnati, Ohio, November 18, 1842; 
 moved to New York in 1.84ii; received a collegiate 
 education at the Collegi- of tlie City of .New York, 
 and entered I'liion College, but did not graduate; 
 always enpiged in mercantile pursuits; eleeted to 
 the Forty-sixth Congre.-is as a Republican. 
 
 Ela, Jacob H., was born at Rochester, N. 11., 
 July IS, KHL'O; printer; became engaged in agri- 
 cultural pursuits: memlH'r of the ."state leg'slatur« 
 of New Hampshire 1857-."i8; I'liitiHl States mar- 
 shal from .Inly, 181)1, to October, 18(1(1; elected a 
 Representative from New Hampshire to the For- 
 tieth Coiigrc.ss as a Re]iiiblican: reelected to the 
 Fortv-liist Congress; appointed by President tJ ran I 
 F^iftli .\uditor of the Treasury. 
 
 Elam, Joseph B. , of Manstield, U»., Wiis born in 
 IIempsteadCounty,.\rk.,. Inner.'. 1821; moved with 
 his father to Natchitoches, La., in lS2f); .■studied 
 law; admitted to the bar at .VIexandria, Iji., in 
 October. IS4.I, and practici-d there: served two 
 terms in the Louisiana legislature from the parish 
 of Sabine previous to his removal to the parish of 
 Desoto in 1851; elected deleg-ate from Desoto 
 Parish to the State constitutional convention in 
 1861, anil signed the ordinance of secession; eleeteil 
 and served two terms in the legislature, one term 
 as sjK'aker, during civil war; reelected in 18H.5, and 
 served until the pas.-'age of the reconstruction leg- 
 islation bv Congress; elected to the Forty-fifth 
 Congress, and iei'le<ted to the Forty-sixth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat: after leaving C<jngres!< re- 
 sumeil the practice of law; died July 4, 18S5. 
 
 Eldredge, Nathaniel B., of Adrian, Mich., 
 was born at Auburn, N. Y., March 28, 1813; re- 
 ceiveil a common sibool eilucatioii; nracticed 
 medicine for tifleen years; then practiced law for 
 tweiitv vcais; held several minor ollices; clerk of 
 the Michigan senate in 1.845; electi-d memlKTof the 
 Michigan legislature in 184,8; elected judge of pro- 
 bale 18.52-185(1; coniniissioiietl captain in the fnion 
 Ariiiv in June. 18(11, major in .Vngust, 18(11. and 
 colonel in April, 18(>2: elected sheriff of Lenawee 
 County, Mich., in 1874; elected to the Forty- 
 eighth Congre.s.H as a Democrat; reelected to the 
 Forty-ninth Congn-ss; .lied in November, 189:{. 
 
 Eldredge, Charles A., was born at Bridjiort. 
 Vt., February 27, 1821; moved witli his par- 
 ents to New York; studietl law and admitted to 
 the bar: moved to Wisconsin in 184S, and settled 
 at Fond du l.ac; meniKT of the Wisconsin .^Hite 
 senate in 18.54 and 18.55; elected a Heprest-n tali ve 
 from Wisconsin to the Thirty-eighth Coiigrt'.ss aj^ 
 a Dinioinit; leelectiHl to the Thirtv-ninth, For- 
 tieth, F'orty-lirst, Forty-s*'cond, and Forty-third 
 Congresses; died in 18!H). 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 517 
 
 Eliot, Samuel Atkins, was born at Boston, 
 JIass. , >[arrli 5, 17;)S; graduated from Harvard 
 College in 1817; mayor of Boston 1837-1839; 
 served in both Ijranehes of the State legislature; 
 elected a Representative from ^Massachusetts to the 
 Thirty-fii'st Congress (in place "f Robert V. Win- 
 throp", api-iointecl Senator) as a Whig, serving from 
 August 22, 1850, to JNIarch 3, ISol; eleven Veai-s 
 treasurer of Harvard College; ilied at Cambridge, 
 Mass., January 2H, 1802. 
 
 Eliot, Thomas D., was born at Boston, ;\Iass., 
 Marcli 20, 1808; studied law, and admittecl to the 
 bar; served in both branches of the Massachusetts 
 State legislature; elected a Representative from 
 Massachusetts to the Thirty-third Congress for the 
 unexpireil term of Z. Scudiler, serving from April 
 17, 1854, to March o, 1855; reelected totheThirtv- 
 sixth, Thirty-seventh, Thirty-eighth, Thirty- 
 ninth, and Fortieth Congresses as a Republican; 
 died at New Bedford, Mass., June 12, 1870. 
 
 Elkins, Stephen Benton, of Elkins, W. Va., 
 was born in Perry County, Ohio, Sejjtember 26, 
 1841 ; received his early education in the i)ublk' 
 schools of ilissouri, and graduated from the 
 Vniversity of that State, at Columbia, in the 
 class of 1860; admitted to the bar in 1864, and in 
 the same year went to New Mexico, where he 
 acquired a knowledge of the Spanish language, and 
 began the practice of law; member of the Terri- 
 torial legislative assembly of New ^lexico in 1864 
 and 1865; held the offices of Territorial <listrict 
 attorney, attorney-general, and United States dis- 
 trict attorney; elected to the Forty-third Congress, 
 and while abroad was renominated and elected to 
 the Forty-fourth Congress; during his first term 
 in Congress made a member of the Republican 
 national committee, im which he served for three 
 Presidential campaigns; after leaving Congress 
 moved to West Virginia and devoted himself tn 
 business affairs; appointed Secretary of War De- 
 cembt-r 17, 1.S91, and served until the close of 
 President Harrison's Adndnistration ; in February, 
 1895, elected to the United States Senate to suc- 
 ceed Hon. Johnson N. Camden, and reelected in 
 1901. 
 
 Ellery, Christopher, was born at Newport, 
 R. I. ; graduated from Yale College in 1787: studieil 
 law; admitted to the bar, and began practice at 
 Newport; elected a United States Senator from 
 Rhode Island (in place of Ray Greene, resigned) 
 as a Democrat, serving innn Decemlier 7, 1801, to 
 JIarch 3, 1805; appointed by President Jefferson 
 United States commissioner of loans in 1806; aji- 
 pointed collector of customs at Newport in 1828; 
 died at Newport, December 2, 1840. 
 
 EUery, William, was born at Newport, R. I., 
 December 22, 1727; grailuated from Harvard Col- 
 lege in 1747; studied law, and in 1770 admitted to 
 the bar; clerk of a court two years; Delegate from 
 Rhode Island to tlie Continental Congress in 
 place of Samuel Ward, taking his seat May 14, 
 1776; one of the signers of the Declaration of Inde- 
 pendence; again a Delegate 178:3-1785; appointed 
 chief justice of Rhode Island in 1785; elected to 
 Congress from Rhode Island in 1786; collector of 
 the port at Newport from 1790 until his death, 
 Fel)niary 15, 1820. 
 
 EUett, Henry T. , was elected a Representative 
 from Mississippi to the Twenty-ninth Congress (in 
 place of ,Iefferson Davis, resigned), serving from 
 January 26, 1847, to ;March 3, 1847. 
 
 Ellett, Tazewell, of Richmond, Va.. was born 
 in that citvJanuarv 1, 1856; lived all his lifceither 
 
 in Richmond City or Hanover County ; educated in 
 the ]irivate school of .Tohnil. St rot her until 16 years 
 old; cadet at the Virginia ililitary Institute, and 
 graduateil from 'that institution in 1876; studied 
 law at the University of \"irginia and graduated 
 with the degree of LL. B. in 1878; prac-ticed law 
 in Richmond; several yearsa member of the board 
 of visitors of the Virginia Military Institute; 
 Presidential elector in 1888 on the Democratic 
 ticket; elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Ellicott, Benjamin, was a resident of Batavia, 
 (xenesee County, N. Y.; elected, a Representative 
 j from that State to the Fifteenth Congress. 
 
 Elliott, John, graduated from Yale College in 
 1 794 ; studied law and began practicing at Sunbury, 
 
 ; Lilierty County, Ga. ; held several local offices; 
 elected United States Senator from Georgia, serv- 
 
 ' ing from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1825; died 
 at Sunbury, Ga., August 9, 1827. 
 
 Elliott, James, was born at (iuilford, Vt., 
 August 9, 1770; received a public school educa- 
 tion; sergeant in the Indian war of 1793; studied 
 law and admitted to the bar; began jiractice at 
 Brattleboro, Vt.; held several local offices; elected 
 a Representative from Vermont to the Eighth 
 Congress as a Federalist; reelected to the Ninth 
 and Tenth Congresses; died at Newfane, Vt., 
 November 10, 18r39. 
 
 Elliott, James T. , was l3i irn in ilonroe County, 
 (•a., April 22, 1823; received an academic educa- 
 tion; studied law, and in 18.54 admitted to the bar; 
 began practicing at Camden, Ark.; elected circuit 
 judge in 1866; in 1867 established and edited the 
 South Arkansa.s Journal ; elected a Representative 
 from Arkansas to the Fortieth Congress, in place 
 of James Hinds, as a Republican, serving from 
 Januarv 13 to March 3, 1869; died at Camden, 
 Ark., .Tuly 28, 1875. 
 
 Elliott, John M. , was born in Scott County, 
 Va., May 16, 1820; moved to Kentucky ancl 
 attended public schools; studied law and admitted 
 to the bar; began practice in 1843; mendaerof the 
 State house of representatives in 1847; elected a 
 Representative from Kentucky to the Thirty- 
 third Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the 
 Thirty-fourth Congress; representative from Ken- 
 tucky to the First and Second Confederate Con- 
 gresses. 
 
 Elliott, Mortimer F., of Wellsboro, Pa., was 
 born at AVellsboro, Tioga County, Pa., September 
 24, 1843; received an academic education; studied 
 law; admitted to the bar; member of the conven- 
 ' tion to revise the cimstitutiiin of Pennsylvania in 
 1873; elected a Representative at large from Penn- 
 sylvania to the Forty-eighth Congress as a Dem- 
 ocrat; defeated for reelection; accepted a position 
 with the Standard Oil Company. 
 
 Elliott, Robert Brown, was born at Boston, 
 Mass., August 11, 1842; entered High Hollow 
 Academy, in London, England, in 1853; entered 
 
 i Eton College, in England, in 1859 and graduated 
 the same year; studied law' and admitted to the 
 bar; member of the South Carolina State constitu- 
 tional convention in 1868; member of the house of 
 representatives of South Carolina from July 6, 
 1868, toOctober23, 1870; assistant adjutant-general 
 from 1869 until elected a Representative from 
 
 I South Carolina to the Forty-second Congress as a 
 Republican; resigned before his term expired; re- 
 elected to the Forty-third Congress; resigned, 
 having been elected sheriff. 
 
518 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTOKY. 
 
 Elliott, William, of Beaufort, S. ("., was l«>rn 
 lit Biaiil'orl, S. ('.. ScptenilxT :!, ISHK; educated at 
 Ik'aiilort Colli'ije; entered ll;irvard IniverHitv in 
 1854, Imt liefore frniduatinjr enlereil tlie University 
 of V'ii-jiinia and studied law; admitted to the t)ar 
 at Cliarleston in April, ISiil : entered the Confed- 
 erate service; served as an otiieer thron^hout the 
 war; elected a ni<'mber of the le^'islatnre and 
 intendant of I'.eaufort in 1S(U>: delcfjate to the 
 national !)< inocratic convention at St. I.cmis in 
 187(i: Denincratic Presidential elector for the State 
 at large in ISSO; Democratic: candidate for ( 'impress 
 in 18H4, but defeated; elected to the Kiflieth Con- 
 gress; reelected totheFift\ -lirst Connress; his seat 
 was contested l>v Miller and was unseated Sei)teni- 
 ber 2:?, 1890; reelected to the Fifty-second Con- 
 dress; was j.;iven the certificate of eli'ction to the 
 Fifty-fourth Congress, but was unseated ,Iune 4, 
 18ilti, and seat f;iven to his Hepublican opponent: 
 elected to the Fifty-fifth Conjjress; reelected to the 
 Fifty -sixtli and Fifty-seventh Congresses. 
 
 £IHs, Caleb, was born at Walpole, Ma.«s., in 
 17<i7: j,T:iduated from Harvard College in ITiW; 
 stndiccl law; admitted to the bar, and moved to 
 Newport. .N. II.. and thence to Claremorit ; served 
 in both branches of the legislature; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New Hampshire to the Ninth 
 Congress; elector on the Clinton and IngersoU 
 ticket in IKKi; ajipointed ju<lge of the superior 
 court of New Hampshire same year, which ottice 
 he held until his ileath, May <>, 181t). 
 
 Ellis, Chesseldeii, was a native of New York; 
 received a liberal education; elected a Representa- 
 tive from New York to the Twi'uty-eighth Con- 
 (jre-ssasa Democrat; defeated for the Twenty-ninth 
 Congress. 
 
 Ellis, E. John, was born at Covington, La., 
 October !•'), bS41; received his early education at 
 Clinton, La.; entered the freshman class at Cen- 
 tenary College, .lackson, La., in 1.S55, and with- 
 drew when in the junior class, in 18SS; entered 
 the law dejiartineni of the rnivcrsity of Louisiana: 
 grailuated in March, ISlil; joined the Confederate 
 army live days afterwards and serveil throughout 
 the war; ailmitted to the barof Louisiana in I8()(), 
 and practiced; elected to the Forty-fonrth, I'orty- 
 tifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-seventii, and Forty-eighth 
 Congri'sses as a Democrat; dieil in 1889. 
 
 Ellis, Powhatan, was a native of Virginia; 
 moved to Mississippi; receive<l a liberal education; 
 stuilieil law; admitted to the bar and practiced: 
 electe<l a judge of the State supreme court in 18'.':?: 
 appointed I'nited States Senator from Mississippi 
 (in])laceof David Holmes, resigned) as a Demo- 
 crat, serving fri>m Dci't mber 11', ISL'.i, to .Manh II, 
 I82t>, when his succe.s.sor took his .seat; again 
 elected a I'nited States Senator, serving from 
 December '.i, 1827, to 18:i2, when lie resigned to 
 become judge of the Cniled .States court; appointed 
 bv President .lacks n chargi'' iTaffaires of the 
 l/nited States to Mexico .lannary h, l,S.!l!, and clo.sed 
 the legation Di-cember 2S, 18Hfi; minister plenipo- 
 tentiarv to Mexico Febniarv 15, 18,S9, ti> April 21, 
 1842; ilie<l at Richmond, Va., about 1H44. 
 
 Ellis, William C was a native of Pennsyl- 
 vania; riM-eivc.l a public school education; studied 
 law and ailmitted to the bar; elected a Re|ire.scnta- 
 tive from I'cmisylvaniato the Kighti-entli ('on'_'re>^s 
 as a I'ederalisI; resumed the pnicticc of law; ilicil 
 at .Muncy, Pa., DeceinlKT 13, 1H71. 
 
 Ellis, William R. , of Ilepjiner, Oreg., was 
 born near Wavdand, Montgomery County. Itnl.. 
 A|iril 2:>, 18,'i(); moved to tiuthrie County, Jowa, in 
 
 18.55; worked on farm and attended dictnetsehool 
 until 18 years of age; dividitl his time between 
 tea<-hing<-ountry school ami working on farm until 
 after arriving at majority; attended school for a 
 while at the Iowa State Agricultural Crillege at 
 .\mes, Iowa; graduated from the law department 
 of the Iowa State I'niversity at Iowa City in June, 
 1874; practiced law and engiiged in new»[)aper 
 work at Haridiurg, Iowa; served two years as city 
 altorni'y and one term as mayor of that city; 
 moved lot )regon in IS.H.S; served one termascounty 
 superintendent of schools, and thri'c terms as ilis- 
 trict attorney of the si'Veiilh judicial district of 
 Oregon; elected to the Fifty-third Congress as a 
 Re])Ublican; reelected to the I'ifty-fourtli and 
 Fifty-lifth ( 'oiigre.-ises. 
 
 Ellis, William T., of (>wensl>oro, Ky., was 
 liorn near Kiiottsville, Ky,, .Inly 24, 1.S45; early 
 education ol)taine<l in the common schools; en- 
 listed in 181)1 in the Fii-st Kentucky Confederate 
 Cavalry at the age of Hi ami served with his regi- 
 ment contimiously until .\pril 21, 18ti5; at the 
 close of the war returned lionie, and for a few 
 mouths attended Pleasant Valley Sendnary, 
 Davie.ss County; taughtsehool foreighteen months, 
 during which time he devoteil his leisure time to 
 the study of law; although licenseil and adniitte<l 
 to ])ractice in 1.8(i8, to better ecpiip himself for his 
 profession he entered the senior law elas.s at Har- 
 vard in 18(>9; entered upon thei>racticeof thelawat 
 Owensboro in 1870; electe<l county attorney in 
 1870, and reelected in 1874; Presidential elector 
 for the Second Congri'.ssional ilistrict in 187(5; de- 
 featecl for Congres..; in 1.S8I); elected to the Fifty- 
 lirst Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the 
 Fifty-second and Fifty-third Coiigre.s.ses; after 
 leaving Congress resumed the jiraclice of law. 
 
 Ellison, Andrew, was born in Ireland; emi- 
 grated to the I'nited States and located at (ieorge- 
 towM. (Ihio; received a |iul>lic school e<lucation; 
 elected a Representative from that State to the 
 Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 EUsberry, William W., was born at New 
 
 Ho|ii\ Brown County. < *hio, December 18, 18:«; 
 received ..^ood education in the public schools of 
 his native county, linishing at a private academy 
 in Clermont Coimty; after having taught school 
 two years began the study of meilicine with his 
 father: attended nu'dical lecturesat theCiiicinnati 
 College of Medicine and Surgery, graduating there, 
 and .some years later attendeil a full course at the 
 Ohio Meilical College, adding its iliplonui to the 
 former; contimieil in the successful pr.utice of his 
 ]irofession until his election toCougre.s.-; appointed 
 superinti'udi'Ut of the Central I nsaiie .Vsy him at 
 Columbus in 1878, but declined to serve: chosen 
 three times county auditor: at the outbreak c.f the 
 war he wius one of the county military Ixcard; 
 menilH'rof various medical societies, iiicduding the 
 American Medic-al .\s.socialion; cleleg-ate to the 
 national Oemocnitic- c-onvention which iioininattM 
 Hanc-ock in 1S80; electi-cl to the Forty-ninth Con- 
 gress as a Dc-mocnit; clied iseptember 7, 1.894. 
 
 ' Ellsworth, Charles C, was elected a Kepre- 
 
 seiitativefidin Michigan to the Forty-tifth Congre&s 
 as a Republican. 
 
 Ellsworth, Oliver (father of William \V. Flls- 
 worthl, was born at Windsor. Coini., April 2!l, 
 174."); gniduated from Princeton College in 179ti; 
 studied law and admittecl to the bar: began pnic- 
 ticc at Windsor; Delegate from Connecticut to the 
 Continental Congress in 1777: executive councilor 
 , 1778-1780; delegate to ihi- cduvention which 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 519 
 
 framoil tlie Federal Constitution in 1787; elected a 
 Uniteil States Senator from c'unnectieut as a Fed- 
 eralist, serving from March 4, 1789, to 1796, when 
 he resigned; appointed Chief Justice of the Su- 
 preme Court of the United States in 1796; resigned 
 in 1800 on account of ill healtli; appointed envoy 
 extracirdinary to France to negotiate a treaty; died 
 at Windsor, Conn., November 26, 1807. 
 
 Ellsworth, Samuel S., was a native of Ver- 
 mont; received a I'dmiiinn ^chnolcducaticm; moved 
 to I'enn Van, N. Y. ; served in tlie New York State 
 legislature in 1840; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Twenty-ninth Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Ellsworth, William W. (son of Oliver Ells- 
 worth), was born in Windsor, Conn., November 
 10, 1791; graduated from Yale College in 1810; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar; professor of 
 law at Trinity College, Hartford; elected a Keiire- 
 sentative from Connecticut to the Twenty-first 
 Congress as a Whig; reelected to the Twenty- 
 second and Twenty-third Congresses, serving from 
 .December 7, 1829, to 18.S4, when he resigned; gov- 
 ernor of Connecticut 1834-1842; judge of the State 
 supreme court frijm 1847 to 1861, when, by the 
 constitutional provision, he was compelled to re- 
 tire; declined twice an election to the United States 
 Senate; died at Hartford, Conn., .January 1."), 1868. 
 
 Ellwood, Reuben, was born in Montgomery 
 County, N. Y., February 21, 1821; educated at 
 Cherry Valley Academy, New York; manufacturer 
 of agricultural implements; member of the New 
 York State house of representatives in 18.50; elected 
 to the Forty-eighth Congress as a Republican; 
 reelected to the Fortv-ninth Congress; died Julv 1 , 
 1885. 
 
 Elmendorf, Lucas, was Ijorn at Kingston, 
 N. v., in 1768; gradnated from Princeton College 
 in 1782; studied law and admitted to the bar; 
 elected a Reiiresentative from New York to the 
 Fifth Cnngress; reelected to the Sixth and Seventh 
 Ciingresses; member of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives 1804-.5, and of the State senate 1814- 
 1817; died at Kingston, N. Y., August 17, 1843. 
 
 Elmer, Ebenezer, was born at Cedarville, 
 N. .1., in 17.52; received an academic education; 
 studied medicine and practiced; served in the 
 Revolutionary .\rmy as surgeon; practiced medi- 
 cine at Bridgeton, N. J. ; member of the State 
 house of representatives 1789-1795, serving as 
 .speaker in 1791 and 1795; elected a Representative 
 from New Jersey to the Seventh, Eighth, and 
 Ninth Congresses; collector of customs at Bridge- 
 ton; served in the war of 1812; vice-president of 
 the Burlington College 1808-1817 and 1822-18.32; 
 died at Bridgeton, N.7., October 18, 1843. 
 
 Elmer, Jonathan (brother of Ebenezer Elmer), 
 was born in Cumberland County, N. J., in 1745; 
 received a liberal education; studied medicineand 
 graduated from the medical school of tlie Univer- 
 sity of Pennsylvania; Delegate from New .Jersey 
 to the Continental Congress 1776-1778, 1781-1784, 
 and 1787; high sheriff and afterwards surrogate of 
 Cundierland County; elected a United States Sena- 
 tor as a Federalist 1789-1791; died at Burlington, 
 N. J., in 1817. 
 
 Elmer, Lucius Q,. C. was born at Bridgeton, 
 N. J., in 1793; graduated from Princeton College; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar; began prac- 
 ticing at Bridgeton, N. J.; served several years as 
 prosecuting attorney; member of the State house 
 of representatives 1820-1823, serving the last year 
 
 as speaker; United States district attorney for the 
 district of New Jersey 1824-1829; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New Jersey to the Twenty-eighth 
 Congress as a Democrat; defeated for reelection; 
 appointed attorney-general of New Jersey in 1850; 
 justice of the State supreme court 1850-1852. 
 
 Elmore, Franklin Harper, was born in Lau- 
 rens District, S. C, January l(i, 1790; graduated 
 from the South Carolina College in 1819; studied 
 law, and in 1821 admitted to the bar; began prac- 
 tice at Walterboro. S. C. ; elected a Reiiresentative 
 from South Carolina to the Twenty-fourth Con- 
 gress (to fill a vacancy caused liy the resignation 
 of General Hammond) as a State Rights Demo- 
 crat; reelected to the Twenty-tifth Congress; pres- 
 ident of the Bank of the State of South Carolina 
 1839-1850; declined appointment as nunister to 
 (Treat Britain; appointed a United States Senator 
 (to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of 
 John C. Calhoun), serving from ilay 6, 1850, until 
 his death at Washington, May 29, 18.50. 
 
 Ely, Alfred, was born at Lyme, New London 
 County, Conn., February 15, 1815; received a lib- 
 eral education; moved to Rochester, N. Y., in 
 1835; studied law, and in 1841 admitted to the 
 bar; began practicing at Rochester; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New York to the Thirty-sixth 
 Congress as a Republican; reelected to the Thirty- 
 seventh Congress; spectator at the battle of Bull 
 Run and taken a prisoner by the Oinfederates and 
 imprisoned at Richmond for nearly six months. 
 
 Ely, Frederick David, of Dedham, Mass., was 
 born at Wrentham, Norfolk County, Mass., Sep- 
 tember 24, 1838; educated at Day's Academy, 
 Wrentham, and at Brown University, Providence, 
 R. I., where he graduated in 1859; studied law, and 
 admitted to practice in 1862; trial justice from 
 1867 to March 3, 1885; member of the State house 
 of representatives of Massachusetts in 1873, and of 
 the State senate 1878-79; member of the school 
 connuittee of Dedham 1882-1885; elected to the 
 Forty-ninth Congress as a Republican; resumed 
 the practice of law after leaving Congress. 
 
 Ely, John, was anative of Connecticut; received 
 a liberal education; member of the State house of 
 rejiresentatives 1837-1839; elected a Representa- 
 tive from New Y'ork to the Twenty-sixth Congress 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Ely, Smith, jr., was born in New Jersey in 
 1825; studied law; admitted to the bar in 1846; 
 never practiced his profession; became engaged in 
 mercantile pursuits in New York ; elected school 
 trustee in 1856, State senator in 1857, and county 
 supervisor in 1860, retaining the latter othce until 
 1870, when it was abolished; elected a Representa- 
 tive from New York to the Forty-second Congress 
 as a Democrat; reelected to the Forty-fourth Con- 
 gress; resigned Decendier 12, 1876, having been 
 elected mayor of New Y'ork. 
 
 Ely, William, was a native of Massachusetts; 
 graduated from Yale College in 1787; elected a 
 Representative from Massachusetts to the Ninth 
 Congress as a Federalist; reelected to the Tenth, 
 Eleventh, Twelfth, and Thirteenth Congresses; 
 died in 1817. 
 
 Embree, Elisha, was born in Lincoln County, 
 Ky., September 28, 1801; moved with his father 
 to Indiana in 1811; received a public school edu- 
 cation; studied law; began practicing at Prince- 
 ton, Ind.; circuit judge 183.5-1845; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Indiana to the Thirtieth Congress 
 as a Whig; defeated for the Thirty-tirst Congress; 
 died at Princeton, Ind., March 7, 1863. 
 
r)2o 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIKKCToKY. 
 
 Emerson, Louis Woodard, uf Warrenshurn, 
 Warri'ii C'oiiiitv, N. Y., was linni at Warrciislnii^; 
 July 2r>, IS.')?; tiluralt'il ul W'aiTciisliiiin Acadciiiy; 
 ciiKiii^ed in tht' liaiikiiiK and iiiaiiufacturiiif; l>nsi- 
 nt'sti; State Cfnator fur two terinsi, foninnMuin;; 
 1«91; clfctcd to the Fifty-sixtli and Fifty-^'ventli 
 (\in>„'i('S.-;('s as a HcpuMicaii. 
 
 Emott, James, wa.x lioin at .Ml)any, N. Y., in 
 1770; rcii'ivi'd a lihi'ral udiicatidn; studied law; 
 adtnitti'd til tlu' liar anil licjian practicint;at IVainh- 
 kei'psic: clci'li'd a Hi-|irc.<i'iitative I'roni New Ymk 
 to till" KlcventhCiin^nvs.sasa Federalist; reelected 
 to the Twelfth Consiress; nieinliirof theState hmise 
 of reiiresentatives 1SI4-1S17; lirst jnilf;eof theinurt 
 of ('iinnnoii pleas of Dutche.ss County fnmi April ,s. 
 1817, to Feliriiarv ;!, IS'_'.'{; appointed juilp' tor the 
 Beeond judicial rirruit February 21, 1827, and held, 
 that otlice until he was fit) years of ajre, when he 
 retired; died at l'oUf;hkeepsie, N. \ ., April 7, 1S50. 
 
 Enirie, Joseph Reece, was elected a Re]>resent- 
 alive I'roni ( )hin to the Thirty-fourth Connress as a 
 Keimhlican; defeated for the Thirty -lift h('oni,'rcss. 
 
 English, James E., was horn at Xew Haven, 
 Coini., March, ISIL'; received a public schonl edu- 
 cation; liecanie a dealer in Ininber, subseijuently 
 a banker and manufacturer; nieuiber of the State 
 house of representatives in 18.55 and of the State 
 senate l.'^.^t>-lS.^S; declined a reelection; defeateil 
 as a candidate for lieutenant-governor in 18li0; 
 electcil a Kejiresentative to the Thirty-seventh 
 < 'on^iress as a l>eniocrat; reelected to the Thirty- 
 ei^dith ('on>;ress; elected froverimrof Connecticut 
 in I8I17, defeating .1. K. llawley; reelected in lst)8; 
 defeated in ISiiit and afxain in 1S70; airain elected 
 fo the State house of representatives; defeated as a 
 candidate for the Forty-third Conjtress; appointed 
 United States Senator from Connecticut a.sa Dem- 
 ocrat (to till a vacancy occiisioned by the death 
 of Orris S. Ferry, lieiiublican), serving; from 
 Deeend>er 7, IS7."i, "to May 21', 1870. 
 
 English, Thomas Dunn, was born in Phila- 
 delphia, I'a,, .lune 2!', ISlli; {.'raduateil as doctor of 
 nu'dii'ine from the Iniversitv of Pennsvlvania in 
 18:!!l, and called to the I'hiiadelphia bar in 1S42, 
 but njaiidy pursued authorship and journalism; 
 moved to \'ir)iinia; jirominent oi>iionent of Know- 
 nothinjiism; moved to New .lersey, and in lS(W-ti4 
 served in the New Jersey lefiislature; received thv 
 degree of doctor of laws from William and Mary 
 Collejie, Virginia, in ls7ti; elected a Kepresentative 
 from New Jersey to the Fifty-second Conjrress as 
 a Democrat; reelected to the Fifty-third Con)jres.s; 
 author of mimerous poems and ballads; editorial 
 writer; wrote Hen Holt, a |)opular ballad; died 
 at Newark, N. J., April 1, 1902. 
 
 English, Warren B., of Oaklaml. Cal., was 
 born at Charlestow n, Va., May 1, l.'^4(i; attended 
 the |iublic siliouls and Charlestow n .\cademy 
 until .lime. 18(il; served in the Confederate army; 
 moved to Oakland, Cal., and attemled the Cali- 
 fornia Military .\cademv; elected member of the 
 Ixianl of supervisors of Contra Costa County in 
 1877 and .served four years; elected State senator ' 
 in 18S2; delepile to the national I>emocratii' con- | 
 vention at Cliicnco in 1884; elected to the Fifty- 
 third Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 English, William E., of lndiana]iolis, Ind., 
 was burn at Lexington, Scott County, lnd.,Novem- 
 l>er:i, 1.S.M; moved to Indianapolis at an early agt'; 
 gniduated from the Northwestern I'niM'rsity; ad- 
 mitteil tii tlu-jinictieeof law in l.s72; niendM-rof t In- 
 state hi mse nl representatives in 1S78; Democratic 
 candidate for Hepresentative in the Forty-eighth 
 
 Congre.'^s in Novendn'r, 1882, but the rertifieate of 
 election having been given to his Kepublican coni- 
 [K'titor on the face of the returns, he contested the 
 seat on thegroinidol fraud and irregularity in the 
 coimting of the votes; after an examination of the 
 evidence a majority of tlK-Connnittee on Flections 
 reported that he had bi-en didy and rightfully 
 cleclid: declined a reiiomination and returne<l 
 to Indianapolis, where he devoted his lime to the 
 management of Ids vast real-estate interests. 
 
 English, William H., was born in Scott 
 County, Ind., August 27, 1,S22; received a classical 
 education at the Cniversity of .South Hanover; 
 studied law; adndtted to the bar and in 184tl 
 began practicing; bei'ame interested in farming; 
 clerk of the State house of representatives in 1843; 
 clerk in the Treasury Department at Washington 
 1.S44-1.H48; clerk of the Indiana constitutional con- 
 vention in 18."i0; speaker of the Indiana house of 
 representatives 18.51; elected a Kepresentative 
 from Indiana to the Thirtv-third Congress a.« a 
 Democrat; reelected to the 'I'liirty-fonrth, Thirty- 
 fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congre.-vses. 
 
 Enloe, Benjamin Augustine, of Jackson, 
 Tenn., was born near Clarksburg, Carroll Ciiuntv, 
 Teiin., January IS, 1848; rai.'^eil on a farm, aiiil 
 enjoyed the benetit of such country schools as the 
 country afforded between ^X'^'^ and l.sd.i; entere<l 
 Hethel College in 18i>7, and afterwards became a 
 student in the literary department of the Cund>er- 
 land I'nivi'rsity at Lebanon, Tenn. ; while a stu- 
 dent at the latter institution elected a member of 
 the house of representatives of the general assem- 
 bly of the State, at the age of 21 years; reelected 
 under the new constitution in 1870; graduated 
 from the law ile|)artment of Ciniil>erland Cniver- 
 sity in 1S72; delegate to the national Democratic 
 convention at Haltimorein 1872; appointed a com- 
 missioner by (iovernor Marks in 1878 to negotiate 
 a settlement of the State debt; .served on the State 
 executive committee for the State at large 1878- 
 18.S0; delegate to the national Democratic conven- 
 tion at Cinciiniati in 1.S80; edited the Jackson 
 Tribune and Sun 1 874-1 .S.St! ; elei'ted to the F"iftietli 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the Fifty- 
 first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses. 
 
 Enochs, William H., of Ironton, Ohio, was 
 born near Middleburg, Noble County, Ohio, March 
 29, 1,S42; brought upon farm; educatetl in common 
 schools; served through late war as private, cor- 
 poral, sergeant, lieutenant, captain, lieutenant- 
 colonel, colonel, and brevet brigadier-genend; 
 graduated from the Cincinnati Ijiw School l.stjtJ, 
 and engaged in the jiractice of law; eleetetl to the 
 I'iftv-second Congress as a Republican; died Julv 
 i:!, iso:;. 
 
 Epes, James F. , of Rlackstone, Va., wa." Iwrn 
 in Nottoway County, Va., May 2S, 1842; eiliicated 
 indifferent primary and jirivale .-schools and at the 
 I'niversity of Yirginia; in the Confederate army 
 18t)l-1.8t).T; during session of ISiitiand lSt)7attende<l 
 the law department of Washington and Lee Uni- 
 versity, andgniduated there; lawyer by profession; 
 elected to Fifty-s»'cond Congress as a Democrat; 
 reelected to the Fifty-third Congrt-.ss. 
 
 Epes, Sydney P.. was born in Nottoway 
 County, Va., .\ugust 20, I.sIht; moved, when 14 
 vears of age, to Kentucky with his [larents. w here 
 lie received an academic education; ivtnrned to 
 Virginiain l.s,s4anil engjiged in journalism; edittil 
 and published a Democratic newspa|K'r for a innn- 
 l«'r of years; chairman of the DeiniM-nitic county 
 committee of Nottowav Coiintv, member of the 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 521 
 
 Democratic State central committee, and chairman 
 of the Fourth Congressional district committee; 
 elected in 1891 a memlier of the general assembly 
 to represent the counties of Nottoway and Amelia; 
 appointed by Governor (;)'Ferrall in 1895 register 
 of the land office to fill an unexpired term, and at 
 the following session of the general asstMubly 
 elected by acclamation for the full tcrin; before 
 the expiration of his term elected to the Fifty-fifth 
 (.'ongress as a Democrat; his seat was successfully 
 contested by R. T. Thorp, who took his seat March 
 28,1898; reelected totheFiftv-sixth Congress; died 
 March 3, 1900. 
 
 Eppes, John W. , was born in Virginia in 1773; 
 received an academic education; studied law, and 
 was admitted to the bar; elected a Representative 
 from Virginia to the Eighth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; reelected to the Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh 
 Congresses; again elected to the Thirteenth Con- 
 gress; elected a United States Senator from \'ir- 
 ginia, serving from December 1, 1817, to 1819, 
 when he resigned on account of failing health; 
 retired to his farm in Chesterfield County, Va., 
 where he died September 20, 1853. 
 
 Erdman, Constantiue J., of Allentown, Pa., 
 was born in Upper Saucon Township, Lehigh 
 County, Pa., September 4, 1846; attended the 
 conunon schools of the district and a classical 
 school at Quakertown; entered I'eimsylvania 
 College, Gettysburg, in 1861, and graduated in 
 1865; read law; admitted to the bar of Lehigh in 
 1867; elected district attorney in 1874; elected to 
 the Fifty-third Congress as a Democrat; reelecteil 
 to the Fifty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Erdman, Jacob, was a native of Pennsylvania; 
 residcil at ('oo]jersburg; elected a Representative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Twenty-ninth Congress 
 as a Democrat; died at Coopersburg, Pa., .July 20, 
 1867. 
 
 Ermentrout, Daniel, was born at Reading, Pa., 
 January 24, 1837; educated in the public and clas- 
 sical schools of his native city, Franklin and Mar- 
 shall College, Lancaster and Elmwooil Institutes, 
 Norristown, Pa. ; studied law; admitted to practice 
 in August, 1859; elected district attorney for three 
 yearsin 1862; solicitorforthecity of Reading 1867- 
 1870; elected to the State senate of Pennsylvania in 
 1873 for a term of three years, and reelected in 
 1876 for four years; member of the board of school 
 control of Reading for many years; appointed in 
 October, 1877, by Governor Hartranft, a member 
 of the Pennsylvania statuary commission; several 
 times chosen chairman of the standing committee 
 of Berks County, and delegate to various Demo- 
 cratic State conventions; delegate to the national 
 Democratic convention at Cincinnati in 1880; 
 elected to the Forty-seventh Congre.ss as a Demo- 
 crat; reelected to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, 
 Fiftieth, and Fiftv-fifth Congresses; died Septem- 
 ber 17, 1899. 
 
 Errett, Russell, was born in New York in 1817; 
 self-cducateil; moved to Pennsylvania in 1X29; by 
 l)rofession an editor; elected com|>troller of Pitts- I 
 burg in I860; served as clerk of the Temisvlvania 
 senate 1860-61 and 1872-1876; appointed additional 
 paymaster in the U. S. Army in 1861, and served 
 until mu.stered out in 1866;" elected to the State 
 senate of Pennsylvania in 1867; api)ointed assessor 
 (pf internal revenue in 1869, and served until 1873; 
 elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Reiiublican; 
 reelected to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh 
 Congresses; defeated for reelection; a])p'ointed by 
 President Arthur United States pension agent at i 
 
 Pittsburg in 1883, which position he held until 
 May 1887; died at Cologne April 7, 1891. 
 
 Erwin, James, was born in Williamsburg 
 District, S. C., October 17, 1778; graduated from 
 Brown University in 1797; studied law, and in 1800 
 admitted to the bar; member of the State house of 
 representatives 1800-1804; solicitovof the northern 
 judicial circuit 1804-1816; trustee of the South 
 Carolina College 1809-1817; elected a Representa- 
 tive fnmi South Carolina to the Fifteenth Con- 
 gress as a tariff man; reelected to the Sixteenth 
 Congress without opposition; declined reelection 
 on account of failing healtli ; died near Darlington, 
 D. C, July 7, 1841. 
 
 Esch, John Jacob, of La Cro.sse, AVis., .was 
 born near Norwalk, Munroe County, Wis., March 
 20, 1861, of German parents; his i)arents moved 
 to Milwaukee in 1865 and five years later to Sparta, 
 Wis. ; graduated from the Sparta High Schc .ol ; en- 
 tered the State University at Ma(li.son and took 
 his degree with the class of 1882; entered the law 
 department of the State Laiiversity and graduated 
 in 1887; practiced; city treasurerof Sparta in 1885; 
 organized the Sparta Rifles, afterwards known as 
 Company I, Third Regiment Wisconsin National 
 Guard in 1883 and was commissioned captain, re- 
 taining the office until 1887; also helped organize 
 Company M of the same regiment, being first lieu- 
 tenant and afterwards captain; in January, 1894, 
 commissioned acting judge-advocate-general, with 
 the rank of colonel, by (tov. W. H. Upham, hold- 
 ing the office for two years; elected to the Fifty- 
 sixth, Fiftj'-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses 
 as a Republican. 
 
 Estil, Benjamin, was a native of Washington 
 County, \'a.; received a public school education; 
 studied law, admitted to the liar, and began prac- 
 ticing at Arlington; elected a Representative from 
 \'irginia to the Nineteenth Congress. 
 
 Esty, Constantino C. , was bom at Framing- 
 ham, Mass., December 26, 1824; graduated from 
 Yale College in 1845; studied law, and in 1847 ad- 
 nntted to the bar; began practicing at Framing- 
 ham; memlier of the State .senate 1857-58, and of 
 the State house of representatives in 1867; ap- 
 pointed assessor of internal revenue in 1862 and 
 removed in 1866; reappointed in 1867; resigned in 
 1872; elected a Representative from Mas.sachu.setts 
 to the Forty-second Congress (in place of (ieorge 
 M. Book, resigne<l) as a Republican. 
 
 Etheridge, Emerson, was born at Currituck, 
 N. C, September 28, 1819; moved to Tennessee in 
 1831; received a liberal education; studied law, 
 and in 1840 admitted to the bar; mendier of the 
 State house of representatives 1845-1847; elected a 
 Representative from Tennessee to the Thirty-third 
 Congress asa Whig; reelected to the Thirty-fourth 
 Congress; defeated for the Thirty-fifth Congre.ss; 
 again elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress. 
 
 Eustis, George, jr., was born at New Orleans, 
 La., September 28, 1828; graduated from the Jef- 
 ferson College of Louisiana, also the Cambridge 
 Law School; admitted to the bar and began jirac- 
 tice at New Orleans; elected a Representative from 
 Louisiana to the Thirty-fourth Congress <is an 
 American, and reelected to the Thirty-fiftli Con- 
 gress; secretary of the Confederate legation at 
 Paris; remained in Paris after the close of the w-ar; 
 commissioned by Pilihu B. Washbnrtie, the min- 
 ister at Paris, to negotiate a ].)ostal treaty with the 
 French Government; <lied at Cannes, France, 
 March 15, 1872. 
 
522 
 
 CONORKSSIONAL DIKKCTOKY. 
 
 Eustis, James B., was Inini at New Orleanc 
 
 Aii^'iist 'J7. ls:!4; riMciviMl ;i ila^sical education; 
 atteiuied the llarviinl Law ScIidhI 1 S."):t-r>-l ; a<i- 
 inilleil til the liar in ISTii), ami praetii'itl at New 
 Orleans; entereil the ('iinleilerale setviee at the 
 eoinmencenienl el hostilities as jiiilne-adviicate 
 on the staff of (ienenil Maj-Tinler ami traiisferreil 
 to the staff of (ieii. Joe .lohnston; served until 
 the elose of the war; resumed practice at New 
 Orleans; electt'd a member of the State lej^is- 
 latiire prior to the recoiistriictioii acts; one of 
 the i-onimittee sent to Wasliinntoii to confer with 
 President .lohnson on Louisiana affairs; niend)er 
 of the State honsi' of repri'si'ntatives in l.HT'J; 
 elected a nieniUer of the State senate for four 
 years in 1S74; elected in 1877 a Initeil States 
 .Senator, appearinj: Feljrnary 1(1, 1877. lint his seat 
 l)einj: contested hy 1'. H. S. I'inchliaik, was not 
 recognized liy the Senate until December 10, 1877: 
 served until March .'!, 187il; professor of civil law 
 in the Iniversity of Louisiana; ai;ain elected to 
 the I'nited States Senate as a lieniocrat to smceeil 
 Benjamin V. .lonas. Pcmocrat, for the term of 
 |,S,s.">-|S>ll; practicc<l law at AVashinjrton, 1). t'., in 
 18;tl; ambassiidor to Fianie 18!U-18S»7; located at 
 New York Citv; dicil at Newiiort, K. I., Septem- 
 ber !t, ISStit. 
 
 Eustis, William, was born at tanibriiltre. 
 Mass.. .lune 10, 17.iS; irraduated from Harvard 
 t'ollene in 177-; studied medicine, and served in 
 the Hevolntionary .\rmy as snrvreon; resumed his 
 practice at Boston; elected a Kepresentative to 
 the Seventh ("ont;ress as a Democrat, and reelected 
 to the l'',it;htb ("onjiress; .S'cretary of War from 
 March 7. ISOii. to .lamuuv \9. is'i:!; minister to 
 the Netherlands December li*. 1814. to May '\ 
 1818; ajiain elected to the Seventeenth C'onf:ress; 
 elected governor of Mas-sachu-setts in 18".'.'{. and 
 served until his <leath, at Boston, Februarv li, 
 18L>.i. 
 
 Evans, Alexander, was born at Klktou. Md.; 
 received a ]iulilic school education; studied la« 
 and admitted to the bar; lH'i;au practit'lnj; at l\lk- 
 ton in 184.">; elected a Uepresenlative from Mary- 
 land t<i the Thirtieth t'onjjre.ss as a AVhi^'. ami 
 reelected to the Thirty-lii-st and Thirty-second 
 Oonnresses. 
 
 Evans, Alvin, of I'.bensburp, Pa., was born at 
 Kbensliurf.'. Candiria County. Pa., Oct()ber4, 184ri; 
 educateil in the imblic sihoolsof his native county; 
 stuilied law. an<l admitted to the bar ,)une :!, 187M; 
 practiced law in the several courts of (.'ambria 
 ('oinily, superior and supreme courts of llu' .'^tate. 
 and Federal courts; elected to the Fiftv-seventh 
 anil Fifly-eijihth ( "onfircsses as a Kepuhlican. 
 
 Evans, David E., of Batavia. (ienesee County. 
 N. Y.; received an academic education; elected a 
 Kepresentative from New York to the Twentieth 
 Connres.s, but resiitned before he took his seat. 
 
 Evans, David R. , was born at Westminster. 
 Knuland, February L'H. 17lii'; came with his father 
 to South Carolina in 1784; educated at Mount 
 Zion Colle^ie; studied law and in 17!lli admitted tn 
 the bar; member of the Stale house of representa- 
 tives |.8tH)-I.S04; solicitor of the middle judicial 
 cin-uit 1,804-1811; elected a Reiire.sentative from 
 South Carolina to the Thirteenth Coniiress as a 
 Democrat; dci-lined a rei'lection and returned to 
 liis plantation; mendier of the State senate 1818- 
 182ti; died March 8, 1.84:5. 
 
 Evans, George, was iHirn at Ilallowell. Ma.ss. 
 (afterwards Maine), .lanuary IL'. 17117; (•raduated 
 from Bowdoin Colleire in I81.">; studied law. and 
 
 in 1818 admitted to the bar; member of the State 
 
 house of representatives, and its sjieaker in 1829; 
 elected a Kepresentative from Maim' to the 
 Twenty -first, Twenty -second, Twenty -third, 
 Twenty-fourth, Twenly-lifth and Twenty-sixth 
 Connres-ses; elected a Inited States .Senator from 
 Maine as a Whij;, serving from Mav^^l, 1841, until 
 March;!, 1847; defeated for reelection; niemberof 
 the connnission to ascertain tlu' claims ajrainst 
 Mexico 184it-.'i0; elected attornev-neneral of 
 Elaine in 18150, 18.^4, and I8.V1: died at Ilallowell 
 .\pril .">. 18ti7. 
 
 Evans, H. Clay, of Chatlanoona, Tenn., was 
 born in .hmiala County, Pa., .lune 18, 184.S; re- 
 ceived a common sihool and academic education; 
 manufacturer; enlisted in the Forty-lirst Wisconsin 
 Infantry durinj; the civil war; twiceelected mayor 
 of Clialtanoin.'a; elected tothe Fifly-lirstCoiiKretw 
 as a Hepublican; Assistant Post mast er-(ieneral, 
 l,S!ll-1.8!l.'i; elected tr(ivernorofTeinies,s(.(. in 1.S94 on 
 the face of the rettirns. but a lejiislative recount re- 
 jected lertain votes and declared Turney ele<-ti"<l; 
 I'nited States Pension Commissioner March SI, 
 18it7, to May. 1901'; appointed I'nited States consul- 
 ueneral to Lonilon, Knj;land, May !', 1(102. 
 
 Evans, I. Newton, of Ilatboro, Pa., was Ixirn 
 in I'.asi Nantnical Tiiwnshii>, Chester County, Pa., 
 .luly 20, 1827; received an a<'ademic education; 
 studied medicine; graduated from the medical 
 department of Bowdoin Collef.'e. of Maine, in 18.">l, 
 and .leffcrson ColleL.'e. of Philadelphia, in I.8."i2; 
 mendier of the Pennsylvania Stat»> Medical .'Soci- 
 ety and the .\mericau .Mi'dical A.s,siuiation; pres- 
 ident of the llatborou;;h .National Bank; eleclt'd 
 tothe Forty-lifth Congress as a Kepuhlican. and 
 reelected to the Forty-eighth ami Forty-ninth 
 Coni.'res.ses. 
 
 Evans, James La Fayette, was born in t lam- 
 son County, Kv., March 27, 182.i; received a 
 public school education; moved to Indiana and 
 located in Hancock Count v in 1837; inovt^l to 
 llandlton County, Ind., aufl locati-dat Noblesville 
 in bS.M); elected a Kepresi^ntative from that State 
 to the Forty-fourth Coni;ress as a Kepublican and 
 reelected to the Forty-tifth Coujiress. 
 
 Evans, John, was a Deletrate from Pennsylvania 
 
 to the Continental Cont;ress 1776-77. 
 
 Evans, Joshua, was born in Pennsylvania; 
 resided at Paoli, and received a imblie school edu- 
 cation; electeda Kepresentative from Pennsylvania 
 to the Twenty-tirst Con<j:n'ss as a ,lacks(in Demo- 
 crat, and reelected to thcTwentv-second Coniiress. 
 
 Evans, Josiah James, was liorn in Marlboro 
 District. S, C,, November 27, 17.80; graduated in 
 1808 from South Carolina Collejre: studied law 
 and in 1811 bepm practicing in Marll>oro District; 
 mendn-r of the State house of repiT.s(>ntalives 
 1812-1.'{; moved to Darliiiirton District in 1810, an<i 
 apiiii electeii a member of the Slate house of nji- 
 ix'sentatives; Slate solicitor for the northern dis- 
 trict 1810-1820; circuit judtfe, I82tl- l.s.Ti. and of 
 the hinher court l,82!t-1.8.VJ; elected a I'nile.l Slates 
 .■Senator from South Carolina as a State KiKhts 
 Democrat, and served from March 4, 1.8.">:?, until 
 his death at Washiimlon, D. C., May 0, 1,8.")8. 
 
 Evans, Lemuel D., was a native of Tenne.ss»»o; 
 moved to Marshall. Tex., where he prjicliceil law; 
 elecleil a l{epre,senlative from that Stati' to the 
 Thirtv-fourlh Connn-ss as an .\inerican; defeated 
 
 Slates marshal for the eastern 
 Texas. 
 
 apiio 
 juilic 
 
 ial ilistrict of 
 
BIOGBAPHIES. 
 
 523 
 
 Evans, Nathan, was born in Belmont County, 
 Ohio, .lune 1'4, 1S04; received a liberal eiliieation; 
 studied law, and in 18.31 admitted to the bar; hejian 
 practicing at Cambridge; jirotiecuting attorney for 
 Guernsey County 1842-1840; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Ohio to the Thirtieth Congress as a 
 Whig; reelected to the Thirty-first Congress; 
 resumed his practice at Cambridge. 
 
 Evans, Thomas, was a native of Virginia; re- 
 ceived a pulilic schiiiil education; studied law and 
 admitteil to the bar; elected a Representative from 
 Virginia to the Fifth Congress and reelected to the 
 Sixth Congress. 
 
 Evans, Walter, of Louisville, Ky., was born 
 in Barren County, Ky., September 18, 1842; self- 
 educated; worked on a farm; dei)uty clerk in Hop- 
 kinsville in December, 18.59, I'eading law at night; 
 entered the Federal Army in bSUl; Ijegan to prac- 
 tice law iu 1S64; elected to the lower hou.se of the 
 State legislature in 1871 and to the Senate in 1874, 
 serving in each house on the judiciary committee; 
 delegate to the Republican national conventions 
 in 1868, 1872, 1880, and 1884; moved to Louisville 
 in 1874; Republican nominee for governor in 1879; 
 on May 21, 188,3, appointed by President Arthur 
 Commissioner of Internal Revenue and served 
 until April 20, 188.5, when he returned to Loui.s- 
 ville and resumed the practice of law; elected to 
 the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses as a 
 Republican; appointed judge of the Federal court 
 at Louisville, Kv. , bv President McKinlev, March 
 4, 1899. 
 
 Evarts, William Maxwell, was born at Bos- 
 ton, ^lass., Feliruary ti, 1S18; received a classical 
 education, graduating from Yale College in 1837; 
 studied in the Harvard Law School, and admitted 
 to the bar in New York in 1841; practiced law; 
 chairman of the New York delegation to the na- 
 tional Republican conventi(jn (jf 18(i0; Attornev- 
 General of the United States from July 15, 1868, 
 to !March 3, 1869; received the degree of LL. D. 
 from Cnicin College in 1857, from Yale in 1865, 
 and from Harvard in 1870; counsel for President 
 Johnson on his trial upon his impeachment in 
 1868; counsel for the ITnited States before the 
 tribunal of arbitration on the Alabama claims at 
 Geneva, Switzerland, in 1872; counsel for Presi- 
 dent Hayes, in behalf of the Repul)lican party, 
 before the electoral commission ; Secretarv of State 
 of the United States from March 12, 1877, to Jlarch 
 3, 1881; elected to the United States Senate as a 
 Republican in the place of Elbridge G. Lapham, 
 Repulilican, serving from March 4, 1885, to March 
 3, 1891; died February 28, 1901, in New York City. 
 
 Eveleigh, Nicholas, was a Delegate from South 
 Carolina tn the Continental Congress 1781-82. 
 
 Everett, Edward, was born in Dorchester, 
 Mass., Ajiril 11, 1794; graduated from Harvard Col- 
 lege in 181 1 ; tutorat Harvard in 1812; ordained pa,s- 
 tor of the Brattle .Street LTnitarian Church, Boston, 
 February 9, 1814; elected professor fif Greek lit- 
 erature at Harvard in 1814; abroad three years 
 and a half preparing himself for those duties; 
 elected a Representative from Massachusetts to the 
 Nineteenth Congress as a Whig, anfl reelected to 
 the Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-secimd, and 
 Twenty-third Congresses; declined a reelection; 
 governor of Massachusetts 1836-1.S40; declined a- 
 commission to China 1843; minister to Great 
 Britain September 13, 1841, to August 8, 1845; 
 elected president of Harvard College, serving 
 from ]84(i to 1849; Secretary of State under Presi- 
 dent Fillmore (to fill the vacancy caused by the 
 
 death of Daniel "Webster), serving from November 
 6, 1852, to March 3, 1,853; elected a United States 
 Senator from Alassachusetts, ser\'ing from Decem- 
 ber 5, 18.53, to June 1, 1854, when he resigned; 
 defeated as the American compromise candidate 
 for Vice-President on the ticket headed l)y John 
 Bell; lectured in behalf of the fund for the pur- 
 chase of Mount Vernon; Presidential elector in 
 1864 on the Lincoln and Johnson ticket; died at 
 Boston, January 15, 1865. 
 
 Everett, Horace, was born in Vermont in 1780; 
 received a liberal education; studied law and 
 admitted to the bar; began practicing at Windsor, 
 Vt. ; prosecuting attorney for Windsor County, 
 1813-1817; memberof the State house of represent- 
 atives 1820-1822, and again in 1834; delegate to 
 the .State constitutional convention in 1828; elected 
 a Representative from Vermont to the Twenty- 
 first Congress as a Whig and reelected to the 
 Twenty-second, Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, 
 Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, anil Twenty-se-venth 
 Congresses; died at Windsor, Vt. , January 30. 1851. 
 
 Everett, Robert William, of Fish, Polk 
 County, Ga., was born near the village of Hayne- 
 ville, Houston County, Ga., March 3, 1839; re- 
 ceived his preparatory education in the village 
 school; entered Mercer University September, 1856; 
 graduated in July, 18.59; locatecl in Polk County; 
 engaged in teaching school; entered the Confed- 
 erate army as a sergeant in Gen. N. B. Forrest's 
 Escort Squadron, and served until the close of the 
 war; commissioner of revenue; twelve years on 
 the board of education, the last four as president 
 of the board; member of the general assembly 
 1882-1885; engaged in farming; elected to the 
 Fifty-second Congress as a Democrat ; again elected 
 a memlier of the State legislature of Georgia. 
 
 Everett, William, of Quincy, Mass., was born 
 at Watertown, Mass., October 10, 1.839; educated 
 in public schools of Cambridge and Boston, at 
 Harvard College (A. B., 18.59; Ph. D., 1875), and at 
 Trinity College, Cambridge, England ( B. A. , 1863) ; 
 adnutted to the bar in 1867; licensed to preach 
 1872, by the Suffolk Association of (Unitarian) 
 Ministers; tutor in Harvard College 1870-1873; 
 assistant profes.sor of Latin 1873-1877; master of 
 Adams Academy, Quincy, jNIass., 1878-1,893; au- 
 thor of various publications, chiefly liooks for 
 boys; engaged in political speaking on the Repub- 
 lican side 1864-1883; an early civil-service re- 
 former; took part in the Cleveland campaign of 
 1884 as a Mugwump; acted with the Democratic 
 party, but holding an imlependent jiosition; nomi- 
 nated for Congress liy Democratic conventions in 
 1884, 1890, 1892; chosen at the by-eleition of 
 April, 1893, to the Fifty-third Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; took his seat August 7, 1893, serving until 
 March 3, 1895; master of school at Quincy, Mass. 
 
 Everhart, James Bowen, of Westchester, Pa., 
 was elected to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth 
 Congresses as a Republican; died August 23, 1888. 
 
 Everhart, William, was Ixirn at Westches- 
 ter, Pa.; received a liberal education; elected a 
 Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty- 
 third Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Evins, John H. , was born in Spartanburg Dis- 
 trict (now county), S. C, July 18, 1830; entered 
 South Carolina College in December, 1.850, and 
 graduated in 1853; studied law and admitted to 
 practice in 1856; officer in the Confederate service, 
 serving first as a first lieutenant in the Fifth .siouth 
 Carolina Regiment, and afterwards as a captain 
 in the Palmetto Sharpshooters; wounded, and, 
 
524 
 
 CONORKSSIONAL DIRKCTOKY. 
 
 beiDK disabled from a<'tiv»' ctrvice in the lield, 
 iiliiiointi'il liciitoiiiint-fdldiu'l ami si.'^sijrnoil to duty 
 in liis own Stall'; iiii'iiiln'r nf the lc;;isliiturc of 
 South t'anilinii for two tornis; I'lertiil to tlii' I'orty- 
 (ifth, Forty-sixth, Korty-si'venth, and Korty-eiKhtli 
 t"on>:R'Kses as a ItiMnoi-ral; ilieil (_)ctolxT 20, ISM. 
 
 Ewart, Hamilton Glover, of lleiidersonvillc, 
 N. C, \v:is born at Columbia, S. C, October 2:!, 
 184!); received an academic education; (jriiduated 
 from the Tniverfity of South Carolina; graduated 
 from the law department of the game institution, 
 rti-eiviii); the (legree of bachelor of laws; com- 
 menced the pnictice of law at llendiTsonville, 
 N. C, in 1S72; ap|)ointed rcfrister in bankru|itcy; 
 twice electi'd mayor of Ilendersonville; distrii't 
 elector on the llayc,-i ticket in lS7»i; elected to the 
 lower house of the Ic^'islature in ISSti; electeil to the 
 Fifty-lirst Conjiressasa Kei>nblican; elected judne 
 of the criminal court in lS!i."i; elected judfie of tlie 
 circuit court in IStl", and appointed judge of the 
 I'nited States district court for the western district 
 of North Carolina in 1.S98. 
 
 Ewing, Andrew, was born at Nashville, Tenn. ; 
 received a liU'ral education; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Tennessee to the Thirty-tii-st Congress as 
 a Democrat. 
 
 Ewingr, Edwin H., was a native of Tennessee; 
 received a liberal education; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Tennes.see to the Twenty-ninth Congress 
 as a Whig. 
 
 Ewing, John, was born at sea while his parents 
 were on their wa,\' from Cork to Baltimore; located 
 in Indiana; received a public school eilui-ation; 
 engiiged in commercial jiursuits at Vincennes; 
 nerved several years in both branches of the Stall' 
 legislature; elected a Representative from Indiana 
 to the Twenty-third Congress; agsiin elected to the 
 Twentv-lifth Cougres.'^; died at Vincennes in Pe- 
 eemlier, lS.i7. 
 
 Ewing, John H., was born at Washington, 
 Pa.; received a limited education; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from I'ennsylvania to the Twenty-ninth 
 Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Ewing, Presley, was a native of Rus,sellville, 
 Ky.; received a liberal eibication; studied law and 
 jwlniitteil to the bar; served two terms in tlie State 
 legislature; elected a Representative from Ken- 
 tucky to the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig, 
 ami ieeleited to theThirty-third Congress; ,lied at 
 ^lannnoth Cave, Ky., September 27, 1H.54. 
 
 Ewing, Thomas (father of Thomas Ewing, jr. i, 
 was liorn near West l.ilierty, \'a., Decendier 2S, 
 17S!l; moved with his parents to Ohio in 1792; 
 worki'd on his father's farm; receivinf a lilveral 
 eilucation at the .Mhetis .\cademy, which conferred 
 on him the degree of .\. H. in 1815, the lirst grant- 
 ihI in Ohio; studie<l law; admitted to the bar in 
 181li; began practicing at Lancaster, Ohio; ele<'ted 
 a I'nited States Senator from Ohio as a Whig, 
 wrving from DecemU'r .">, I.'^:!!, to March ;<, 1,'!;{7; 
 defeated for reelection; appointed Sei'retary of the 
 TrejLsury by President Harrison, .-erving from 
 March n. 1,S41, to .S'ptember 18, 1.S41; appointed 
 Secretary of the Interior by I'n'sident Taylor, 
 wrviiig "from March 7, 184SI, to .Inly in, l,S,")il; ap- 
 iHiinteil I'nited States Senator (in jilaieof Thonuis 
 C'orwin, resigneiil, serving from .Iidy 27, I8.il), to 
 March :?, 1K51; re.-unieil the (inictice of law; del- 
 e-gale to the peace congres-i in IStil ; delegjite to the 
 national Cnion convention in IStVi; dieil at lj»n- 
 caster. Ohio, Ocloln'r 2(i, 1S71. 
 
 Ewing, Thomas, was born at lAiicaster, Ohio, 
 August 7. 182il; graduated from Hrown University, 
 
 Providence, R. I., 18.54; lawyer; niemlier of the 
 peace conference from Kansas in ISHl ; chief justice 
 supreme court of Kansas l.stil-t)2; served in the 
 Cnion .\rniy as I'olonel Klevi'iith Kansas Infantry 
 Volunteers .\ugust, l.Ht)2; brigadier-general V. S. 
 Voluiiteersi Seiitember. ISti;!; brevet major-general 
 U. S. Volunteers March, l.sti5; member of the con- 
 stitutional convention cjf Ohio 187U-74; elected to 
 the Korty-lil'th and Korly-sixlh Congri'.sses as a 
 Uemoirat; nioveil to New York in 1,><81, where he 
 engaged in the pnu'tice of law ; died in New York 
 in .lanuary, 18!)li. 
 
 Ewing, "William L. D., was born in 1795; 
 receivcil an aca<lcniii' education and stuilicd law; 
 ailmilted to the liar, anil I'ommeiiced practice at 
 Vamlalia; appointed a Inited States .S'liator from 
 Illinois (to lill the vacancy causetl by the death of 
 Klias Kane), serving from .lanuarv 25, 1836, to 
 March .i, 1887; died March 25, 1846. 
 
 Fair, James Graham, was Ixirn December 3, 
 18,81, lu'ar Belfast, Ireland; came to this countrj' 
 with his (larents in 1S48 and settled in Illinois; 
 received a thorough bu.sine.ss education, jmying 
 special attention to scientific studies; on the 
 breaking o\it of the gold fever in 1849, moved 
 to California and engaged in mining until 18ii0, 
 whin he movinl to Nevada, where he engaged ex- 
 tensively in mining, constructing huge ipiartz 
 mills, biiilding waterworks, etc.; formed a part- 
 nership with .lohn W. Ma'ckay, .1. C. Flood, 
 and Win. S. O'Brien in l.Sli7;' the tirm pur- 
 cha.sed the control of the Bonanzas and various 
 ollu'r will-know n mines, the yield of gold and sil- 
 ver from which, while umler'the superintendency 
 of Mr. Fair, is estimated al about f2l)l),lHXI,000; also 
 extensively engaged in real estate and buildings 
 in San Francisco, and largely interested in the 
 various manufactures of the Pacific coast; elected 
 to the Cnited States Senate as a Democrat, to suc- 
 ceed William Sharon. Republican, and tiK)k his 
 seat March 4, 1881, serving until March 3, 1SS7; 
 died at San Francisco, Gal., December 28, 1894. 
 
 Fairbanks, Charles Warren, of Indianapolis, 
 Ind.. was born on a farm near I'nionville Center, 
 Cnion County. Ohii>. May 11. I8.'>2; educated in 
 the I'onnnon .schools of the neighborhooil and at 
 the Ohio Wesleyan I'nivcrsity, Delaware. Ohio, 
 graduating from that institution in K><72 in the clas- 
 sical course; adnntted to the bar by the supreme 
 court of Ohio in 1S74; moved to Imlianaiiolis in the 
 same vear. where lieiiracticed ids profession; never 
 held public oHice jirior to his election to the I'liiteil 
 States Senate; elected a trustee of the tihio Wes- 
 levan I'niversity in 1885-, chairman of the Indiana 
 Republican State conventions in 1S!I2 and 1S98; 
 unanimously chosen as the nominee of the Kepul>- 
 lican caucus for I'nitiMl States Senator in the 
 Indiana legislature in .lanuary, 1898, and subse- 
 iiuentlv received his entire party vote in the 
 legislaiuri', but defeated by David Turpie. Demo- 
 crat; delegate at large to the Kepublii'an national 
 convention at St. Uiuis in IS'Hi, and temporary 
 I'hairman of the convention; delcL'ate at large 
 to the Republican national convention al Phila- 
 delphia in I9IH), and as chairman of the com- 
 mittiH- on resolutions reported the platform; ai>- 
 iMiinted a member of the I'niteil States and British 
 joint high connni.ssion which met in Quelw in 
 1898 for the adjustment of Canadian i|Uestions, 
 and chairman of the Initeil States high commis- 
 sioners; elected to the Initt-d States S'liate .lann- 
 ery 20, 1897. as a Republican, to siU'i'ie<l Daniel 
 W". V.M^rhees. DemiH-nit. and took his seat March 
 4, 1897; reelected in 1903. 
 
BIOGRATHIES. 
 
 525 
 
 Fairchild, BenL., u( Pelhani Ileitiht?, West- 
 chester C'liunty, X. Y., was burn at Sweden, N. Y., 
 Jannarv Ti, iskj; moved to \Vashinf;ton, D C, 
 with his parents at the close of the war of the 
 relieUion, his father having lost his health from 
 wou'-ds an 1 disabilities received in military serv- 
 ice, and sett'.ed in that city; educated in the pul)- 
 lic schools of Washington, and at the age of 13 
 entered the draftsman division of the Interior 
 Department, and two years later the Burean of 
 Engraving and Printing of the Treasury Depart- 
 ment; studied law at the CoUunbian Law School, 
 from which hegraduated with the degree of LL. M. 
 in IXSo; resigned his position in the Treasury De- 
 partment, and after being admitted to the l)ar of 
 the District of CoUimbia went to New York City, 
 where, after taking the prescribed course of one 
 year, passed the bar examinations and admitted 
 to bar of that citv and commenced the practice of ^ 
 law; elected to "the Fifty-fourth Congress as a | 
 Eepul)li<'an. 
 
 Fairfield, John, was l)orn at Saco, jNIo., Jan- 
 uary 30, 1797; received a hniited education; studied 
 law" and in 1826 admitted to the bar; appointed 
 rei'orter of the State supreme court decisions in 
 1832; elected a Representative from Maine to the 
 T\venty-fourth Congress as a Democrat; reelected 
 to the Twentv-fifth Congress; governor of Maine 
 1839-1843; elected a United States Senator from 
 Maine (in place of Reuel Williams, resigned) ; ] 
 reelected, and served from December 4, 1843, to 
 December 24, 1847, wdien he died, at Washington, ' 
 D. C. 
 
 Faran, James J., was a native of Ohio; re- 
 ceived a liberal education; resided at Cincinnati; 
 elected a Representative from Ohio to the Twenty- 
 ninth Congress as a Democrat; reelecteil to the 
 Thirtieth Ccjngress; became one of tlie owners of 
 the Cincinnati Enquirer; died in 1892. 
 
 Faris, George W. , of Terre Haute, Ind., was 
 born on a farm in Jasper County, Ind., June 9, 
 1854; his early life was spent on a farm in Pulaski 
 County, Ind.; entered Asbury University in 1872, 
 and graduated with his class in 1877; his father 
 having met with financial reverses, the son was 
 obligei-1 to make his own way at college, which he 
 did by teaching school, keeping up with his col- 
 lege studies in the meantime, and s])ending jiart of 
 each year with Ids class; rea<I law, admitted to the 
 bar, and jirat'ticed his profession ; Kepul ilican nomi- 
 nee lor the <'ircuit judgeship in 1884, but defeated; 
 electe<l to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican; reelected to the Fifty-tifth and Fifty-sixth 
 Congresses. 
 
 Farlee, Isaac G., was a native of New Jersey; 
 resided at Fleinington, wliere he received a public 
 school education; elected a Representative from 
 New Jersey to the Twenty-eighth Congress. t 
 
 Farley, E. Wilder, was born in Elaine in 1818; 
 graduated from P.owdoin College in ]83t); studied 
 law, admitteil to the bar. and l)egan practicing at 
 Newcastle; mendier of the State house of -repre- 
 sentatives in 1843 and 18.51-1853; elected a Kejire- 
 sentative from Maine to the Thirty-third Congress 
 asaWbig; defeated for the Thirty-fourth Congress; 
 State senator in 1856. 
 
 Farley, James T. , was born in \'irgiuia, August 
 ■.1,1829; elected to the United Stati'S Senate as a 
 Democrat to .succeed A. A. Sargent, Republican, 
 and took his seat March 18, 1879; died January 
 23, :88(i. 
 
 Farlin, Dudley, was elected a Repr<sentative 
 from' New Y'ork to the Twenty-fourth Congress as 
 a Democrat; died at Warrensburg, N. Y., Septem- 
 ber 26, 1837. 
 
 Farns worth, John F. , was born at F,atou, 
 Canada East, ^larch 27, 1820; received a liberal 
 education; studied law and admitteil to the bar; 
 electe<l a Representative from Illinois to the Thirty- 
 fifth Congress as a Re})ubhcan; reelected to the 
 Thirty-sixth Congress; served in the Union Army 
 as a colonel of cavalry and brigadier-general; 
 elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress; reelected to 
 the Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, Forty-tirst, and Forty- 
 second Congresses; died in 1897. 
 
 Farquhar, John H., was born in Frederick 
 County, Md., December 20, 1818; moved with his 
 parents to Indiana in 1833, where he receixed a 
 public school education; civil engineer; studied 
 law and admitted to the bar; began practicing at 
 Brookville; secretary of the State senate in 1842 
 and 1843; chief clerk of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives in 1844; Presidential elector on the Lin- 
 coln and Hamlin ticket in 1860; served as cap- 
 tain in the civil war; elected a Representative 
 from Indiana to the Thirty-ninth Congress as a 
 Republican. 
 
 Farquhar, John M., of I'uffalo, N. Y., was 
 born near Ayr, Scotland, Ajiril 17, 1832; educated 
 at Ayr Academy; for thirty-three years a printer, 
 editor, or publisher; manufacturer of lubricants; 
 president of the National Typograjihical Union 
 two terms, 1860-1862; enlisted in the Union Army 
 as a private in the Eighty-ninth Illinois Infantry, 
 ro.se tc the rank of major, and .served as judge- 
 advocate and as inspector on the staffs of (ienerals 
 Willich, Beatty, and Wood in the Fourth Army 
 Corps; participated in all the battles of the former 
 Twentieth (ilcCook's) and Fourth Army Corps, 
 excepting Mi.s.sionary Ridge; never held civic office 
 until elected to the Forty-ninth Congress as a Re- 
 publican; reelected to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first 
 ('ongres.ses; member of the Industrial Conunission. 
 
 Farr, Evarts W., was born at Littleton, N. H., 
 in 1840; educated at Dartmouth College; entered 
 the Union Army as a private and attained the rank 
 of major; admitted to the Ijar in 1867; naMuber of 
 the executive council of New Hampshire in 1876; 
 elected a Representative from New IIami)shire to 
 the Fortv-.sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses; 
 died at Littleton, N. II., November 30, 18,S0. 
 
 Farrelly, John W. (son of Patrick Farrelly), 
 was born at Meadville, Pa., July 7, 1809; received 
 a limited education; served in the State .senate in 
 1828, and again 1838-1841; elected a Reiiresenta- 
 tive from Pennsylvania to the Thirtieth Congress 
 as a Whig; appointed Sixth Auditor of the Treas- 
 ury bv President Taylor, serving from November 
 5, 1849, to April 7, 1853; died at Washington, D. C. 
 
 Farrelly, Patrick ( father of John W. Farrelly) , 
 was born in Irelaml in 17(iO; enngratedtothe United 
 States; received a limited education; studied law 
 and admitted to the bar; began practice at Mead- 
 ville; elected a Representative from Pennsylvania 
 to the Seventeenth Congress as a Democrat; re- 
 elected to the P2ighteenth and Nineteenth Con- 
 gresses; died January 12, 1826, at Meadville, Pa. 
 
 Farrington, James, was born at Conway, 
 N. II., in Oc-tober, 1791; grailuated from Fryeburg 
 Academy, Maine; studied medicine; licensed .July 
 18, 1818, and began practicing at Rochester, N. II.; 
 served in both branches of the legislature; elected 
 
526 
 
 (■ON(;KKSSI(tN.\I. lUKKiTiiKV. 
 
 a Ue|iivs»'ntiitive from New ll:iiiii>sliiri' to ttic 
 Twi'iily-liltli l'oii>;ros.>i us a l>i'iiiiK-nit: rtppDinlfil 
 oiu' (if tlie triistoes i>l" tlu- New Ilaiiipi-hire Inwmie 
 Asvliini ill 1845; <lii-il at Roclu'stiT, N. H.,Octol«?r 
 1.1I, lS.")il. 
 
 Farrow, Samuel, was born in Virginia in 1759; 
 imovimI ill ITii.') with liis fniiiily to South C'lirolina, 
 and srtllcil ill SpiirlaiiUiir;; llisliii't; MTVcd in the 
 Ki'Volnliciiuiry war; stuilit'il law and admitted to 
 llu" liar in 17!K!; lifjran iinuticin}; at Spartaiibnif;; 
 lii'iiti'iiant-^roviTiior of Soutli Carolina in ISKl; 
 t'li'cti'd a Kcpri'stiitativi' from Sontli Carolina to 
 the Tliirtii'iitli Confiresn! as a War llemocnit; 
 rt'i'loctt'd to till' Fourteenth C\in>rre,s8, hutdeelined 
 to serve; memherof the State liouseof repixveiita- 
 tives ISlti-lSL'l; died at Columbia, S. C., N\)vem- 
 ber 18, 18'J4. 
 
 Farwell, Charles B., was born at Painted Post, 
 N. Y., July 1, is-.'.;: ediuated at the Klmiia Aead- 
 emy; moved to Illinois in ls:iS; einiiloyed in (iov- 
 ernment surveying; and in farming until 1S44, 
 when he eii'ni.i.'ed in real estate business and bank- 
 iiij; in Chieat;o; ele<ted eouuty elerk of Cook 
 County in 185:i, ami reelected in 1S57; subse- 
 (luently enswsred in niereanlile pursuits; ap|iointed 
 a member of the State board of e<iualization in 
 18<i7; ehairiiian of the board of supervisors of Cook 
 Comity in bstis; appointed national-bank examiner 
 in ISliit; elected to the Forty-seeond Coni;ress; re- 
 eleetoil to the Forty-third Coufiress; elected to the 
 Fortv-seveiith Con^'ress as a Keiniblican; elected 
 to the Senate of the Cnitcd States .laiiuary 19, 1887, 
 to till a vacancy oi'casioned liy the death of (ieii. 
 John A. l-ojian, and took his seat January 25, 1887. 
 
 Farwell, Nathan A., was born in I'nity, Me., 
 February IM. ISIL'; rcciived a ]iulilic school educa- 
 tion; studied law and admitted to the bar; Ix'fian 
 practieinj; at Kockland, Me.; meiiiln'r of the State 
 hou.-'eof representatives ISiCi and lSti4; State sena- 
 tor in lS.">:i, 1S54, IStil, and 18()1', servini; the last 
 year as presidinj; othcer; delepite to the national 
 Rejiublican convention at Baltimore in l,St>4; ap- 
 pointed and afterwards elected Cnited .States 
 Senator as a Kepublican (in place of William l^tt 
 Fiu^.^eudeii, resit;ne<l I, serving from Decembers, 
 lS(i4, to March :>. 1S()7; delepite to the J'hiladel- 
 phia l.ovalist convention in 186(); dieil at Rock- 
 lanil. Mi"., Hecember 10, 1S9:1. 
 
 Farwell, Sewall S,, of Monticello, Iowa, was 
 Ixirn near Keeiie, Coshocton County, Ohio, .\pril 
 ■Jli, 1S:U; rcceivecl an academic eduiation; nioveil 
 to Iowa in lS."i"2 and ensr.i^ed in farniiu);; entered 
 the scrviie of the rnitcd Slates in IS(>2 ;is captain 
 of Ci>mpanv II, Tliirly-tii-st Iowa Volunteer In- 
 fantry, ami served until the close of the war; 
 eleeteil to the State senate in 18(>5 and serve<l four 
 years; appointed ass«>ssor of internal revenue in 
 18(19 and serveil four years; appointeil collector of 
 internal reveime in 1S75 and serveil six years; 
 elected to the Forty-seventh Conjiress as a Repub- 
 lican; after leaving Coi)!;ress eleetitl president of 
 tin- Monticello State Rank. 
 
 Faulkner, Charles James, was born in Mar- 
 linsbiir':, \a. ( afterwards Wt'st Vir;.'inia) . in IS^Xi; 
 pniilnated from < ieoiyelow n I'niversity; attended 
 Cliaiicellor Tucki-r's law K-ctures at Winchester. 
 \'a.; admitted to the liar and practiced; meml«'r 
 of the Virginia house of repre.senlatives in 18;!!; 
 eomnii>sioiier of Virginia on the disputed iHunid- 
 aries belwe«-n that ,'^tale and Mnrylai\d; member 
 of the State .senate '.,841-1.>*44, but resij;iii-<l; ap- 
 iKiinteil a visitor of the Virjiinia Military .\cademy 
 in 18411; elected a inemlKT of I he revising lev'islatim' 
 
 in 184S; nu'iiiber oi the Stale conslilnlional con- 
 vention in 1.8.")0; elected a Repre.senlalivc from 
 Virginia to tlieThiiiy-.<econd,Thirly-tliird,Tliirty- 
 f((urlh,andThirly-liltli ( 'onure.-^.M-s; appointed min- 
 ister to Fninee by President liuclianan in 18.''i9; 
 returnecl tothe Cnited Stales in .\nmisl, 18t)l,and 
 detaineil as n prisoner of state, but exchaufjeil in 
 Heeeiiiber, ISiil, for .\lfred Kly, memU-r of the 
 I'liiled .'^lales House of Representatives from New 
 York; entered the Confederate army as a member 
 of Stoiu'wall ,Iackson's staff; eiij;at.'ed in railroad 
 enterpri.-es; member of llie State constitutional 
 eonveiition of West \'ii>.'inia in 1s7l'; elei-ted a 
 Representative from West X'irfjinia to the Forty- 
 fourth Congress as a Democrat; ilied at Martins- 
 bur;;. W. Va., November 1, 1884, 
 
 Faulkner, Charles James, of MartinsburK, 
 W .\'a.. was born in .Martinsluirf;, Rerkeley (Vmnty, 
 .S'ptembcr 1*1, 1S47; accompanied his father, who 
 was minister to France in 18.M): attended iiott^d 
 schools in Paris and Switzerlaml, icturniMl to the 
 Cnited Stales in .\uKiisl. 18til, and after the arrest 
 of his father immediately went South; in 1.8tiL', at 
 the a;;e of 15, entered the Virginia Military Insti- 
 tute, at Lexin^lon; served with the cadets in the 
 battle of New Market; .served as aid to (ien. J. C. 
 Hreikinrid«i', and afterwards to (ien. Henry .\. 
 Wi.se, surrendcriui.' with liim at .\ppomatlox; on 
 his return to Hoydvillc. his home in Martinsbiinr, 
 he stmiied under the direction of his father (uitil 
 October, lS(i(>, when he entered the I'niversity of 
 N'ir^inia, ^jradiiatiu;: in June, lS(i8; admitted tothe 
 bar in September, ISliS; ^raiid master of the Ma- 
 sotiic (irand Lodp' in 1879; in October, 188(1, 
 elected jnd^e of the thirteenth judicial circuit, 
 eoinposed of the counties of Jeffei-son. Mor^ran, 
 and Berkeley; elected to the Cnited Stales Senate 
 as a Democrat to succeed Johnson N. Caimlen, 
 and took his seat March 4. 1.887; reelected in 189,'?; 
 liermanent chairman of the Democratic Stale con- 
 vention of West VirL'inia in 1888, and both tem- 
 porary and permanent chairman of the IVnioeratie 
 State convention of 1892; chairman of the Demo- 
 cratic Conjirc.ssional i-ampai^n committee in 1894 
 and 189(>. 
 
 Fay, Francis B., was born at ."^oiithlxiro, 
 Mass., June 12, 179:!; received a limited edueation; 
 enpa^red in mercantile pui-suits; dejiuty sheriff of 
 Worcester County lS24-l.S,iO; meniU'r of the 
 Mass;»cliusetts ^.'eneral court 18;>0-:<1; moveil to 
 Chel.sea, which he represented in the Mas-'achu- 
 setls^reneral court in 18:i4-b8:{(iaud \SM): Slalesen- 
 ator in 184:f and 1845; elected a Representative to 
 the Thirty-second Congress as a Whi;; to till the 
 vacancy caused bv the death of RolM-rt Rantoul; 
 mayor of Chelsea in 1857; founder of the State re- 
 form school located at I.;incasler, where he moved 
 in 1.8.58; member of the Massachus«»tts ,'>tate senate 
 in 18(>8: died at South Uiiu'aster October (i, 187t>. 
 
 Fay, John, wiu-a native of Won-ester County, 
 Mass.; receive<l a public .school eilucation; moved 
 to New York and locateil in Montpunery County ; 
 elected a Kepre.si'utalive from New York lo the 
 Sixteenth ( on^'ress. 
 
 Fearing-, Paul, was born at Wareham. Ma.ss., 
 February 28, 17(>2; t;raduau-<l from llarvani Col- 
 lege in 1785; studied law and admilteil lo the liar; 
 elected a Delejrate from the Northwest Territory 
 to the Seventh Coni;re.ss. 
 
 Featherston, Lewis Porter, of Forest City, 
 Ark., was born July 28, 18,51, at OxfonI, Miss.; 
 e<hieated in the common scIiihiIs of his native 
 State, ami took a eours*- in the law depiirtmenf of 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 527 
 
 tlie CumlxTlaiid Univerpit}-, Teiin. ; eiigageil in 
 planting in Shelby Countv, Tenn., 1872-1881, 
 when he moved to St. Francis County, Ark., 
 where he engaged in the same business; elected to 
 the State house of representatives in 188G for the 
 term of 1887-88; elected president of the State 
 Wheel (a farmers' organization) in 1887 and re- 
 elected in 1888; nominated forC^ongress in 1888 by 
 thatorganization and elected, but counted out; con- 
 tested and was seated Jlarcli 5, 1890, as a Repre- 
 sentative in the Fifty-first Congress; candidate on 
 the Union Labor ticket for reelection, Ijut defeated 
 by W. H. Cate, Democrat. The official figures, as 
 shown by the report of the Congressional commit- 
 tee, give Mr. Featherston IS.IfciO votes, against 
 15,074 votes for WiHiam H. Cate, Democrat. 
 
 Featherston, W. S., was born in Rutherford 
 County, Tenn., Augusts, 1821; received a liberal 
 education; nioveil to ^Mississippi and located at 
 Houst<in: elected a Representative from that State 
 to the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat; reelected 
 to the Thirty-first Congress; serveil in the Confed- 
 erate armv; killed in action near .Vtlanta, Ga., 
 July 20, 1864. 
 
 Feely, Jolin J., of Chicago, III., was l)orn Au- 
 gu.st 1, 1875, on a farm near Wilmington, Will 
 County, 111; educated in the public scIkxjIs, Niagara 
 Univensity, Niagara, N. Y., and at Yale Law School, 
 graduating with the degree of LL. B. in 1897; ad- 
 mitted to the bar in Connecticut in 1897 and in 
 Illinois in 1898; elected to the Fifty-seventh Con- 
 gress as a Democrat. 
 
 Felch, Alpheus, was liorn at Limerick, j\le., 
 September 28, 1806; recei veil a classical education, 
 graduating from Bowdoin College; studied law, 
 and admitted to the bar; began practicing at .Vnn 
 Arbor; member of the State house of representa- 
 tives 1836 and 1837; appointed bank conunis- 
 sioner in 1838, resigning in 1839; elected auditor- 
 general in 1842, but resigned to accept the position 
 of judge of the supreme court; governor of ilichi- 
 gan 1845-1847; elected a United States Senator 
 from ^Michigan as a Democrat, serving from Decem- 
 ber 6, 1847, to March 3. 18.53; served on the com- 
 mission for the settlement of the California land 
 claims, under the treaty of Guadaluiie Hidalgo, 
 from March, 1853, until 1856; delegate to the 
 national I>emocratic convention at Chicago in 1864; 
 died in 1896. 
 
 Felder, John M., was born in Orangeburg 
 District, S. C., July 7, 1782; graduated from Yale 
 College in 1804, in the class with John C. Calhoun 
 and Bishop (iladsden; studied law at Litchfield, 
 Conn.; admitted to the bar in 1808; began prac- 
 tice at Orangeburg, S. C. ; served several years in 
 tlie State legislature; major of volunteers in the 
 war of 1812; elected a Reprei^entative from South 
 Carolina to the Twenty-second Congress as a Dem- 
 ocrat; reelected to the Twenty-third (Jongress; 
 declined a reelection, but did not resume practice; 
 eleitted a State senator in 1840, and successively 
 reelected until he died near Union I'oint, Ga., Sep- 
 tember 1, 1851. 
 
 Fell, John, was a native of New Jersey; re- 
 ceived a public school education; Delegate from 
 New Jersev to the Continental Congress 1778- 
 1780. 
 
 Fellows, John R., was burn at Trov, N. Y'., 
 July 29, 1832; moved to Camden, Ark., 1850; read 
 law there and admitted to tlie bar; entered the 
 Southern army in the First Arkan.>jas Rt'gimcnt; 
 after the battle of Shiloh assigned tn staff duties as 
 assistant ailjutant and iusiiector general, ami 
 
 orilered to report to General Van Dorn at Vicks- 
 burg; assigned to the staff of Brig. Gen. W. N. R. 
 Bell, commanding a district in General Van 
 Dorn's department; captured at the surrender of 
 Port Hudson, La., July 9, 1863, and released June 
 10, 1865; returned to ."Vrkansas; elected to the State 
 senate; moved to New Y'ork City in 18()8; appointed 
 assistant district attorney in 1869; electcil district 
 attorney in 1887; elected to the Fifty-second Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; reelected to the Fifty-third 
 Congress; resigned December 22, 1893; died in 
 1896. 
 
 Feltou, Charles N., of San Francisco, Cal., 
 was born in Erie County, N. Y., in 1832; received 
 an academic education; after having retired from 
 active business was assistant treasurer and treas- 
 urer of the mint at San Fi'ancisco for six years; 
 elected to the legislature of California for two 
 terms; elected to the Forty-ninth Congress as a 
 Republican; reelected to the Fiftieth Congress; 
 , elected to the United States Senate by the legisla- 
 I ture of California March 19, 1891, as a Republidan 
 to succeed tjeorge Hearst, deceased. 
 
 Felton, William H. , of Cartersville, Ga., was 
 
 born in Oglethorpe County, Ga., June 19, 1823; 
 graduated from the Universitv of Georgia, at .\th- 
 , ens, in August, 1843; graduated from the Medical 
 ' College of Georgia, at Augusta, in March, 1844; 
 farmer by profession and practice; member of the 
 State house of representatives of Georgia, from 
 Cass (now Bartow) County in 1851 ; elected to the 
 Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses, and re- 
 elected to the Forty-si.xth Congress as an inde- 
 pendent Democrat; served in the Georgia legisla- 
 ture 1884-1890; trustee from State at large for 
 University of Georgia for ten years. 
 
 [ Fenn, Stephen S., was born at Watertown, 
 Conn., March 28, 1820; moved in 1824 with his 
 parents to Niagara County, N. Y'., where he re- 
 ceived a public school education; movccl in 1S41 
 to Jackson County, Iowa, where he held several 
 local offices; moved to California in 1850 and 
 engaged in mining and ranclnng; again moved in 
 18()2tothat jiart of Washington Territory which 
 became a jiart of Idaho upon its organization in 
 1863; there mined and practiced law; elected a 
 memlier of the legislative coum-il 18()4 ami 1865; 
 elected district attorney for the first judicial dis- 
 trict in 1869; again elected a member of the legis- 
 lative assembly in 1872, and served one year as 
 speaker of the house; engaged in agricultural pur- 
 suits; elected a Delegate from Idaho Territory to 
 the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat ; reelected 
 to the Forty-fifth Congress. 
 
 Fenuer, James, was born at Providence, R. 1., 
 in 1771; graduated from Brown University in 1789; 
 .served several years in the State house of repre- 
 sentatives; elected a United States Senator from 
 Rhode Island, serving from December 2, 1805, to 
 1807, when he resigned, having been eli'cted gov- 
 ernor of Rhode Island, which ollice be filled 
 1807-1811, 1824-1831, and 1843-1845; Pre.'^idcntial 
 elector in 1821 and 1837; delegate to the State con- 
 stitutional convention in 1842 and its president; 
 died at Providence, R. 1., April 17, 1846. 
 
 Fenton, Lucien J., of Winchester, Ohio, was 
 born near Winchester, Ohio, May 7, 1844; edu- 
 cated in the public schools, at the Lelmnon Normal 
 School, and at theOhio University, Athens; assisted 
 in the work on his father's farm until the begin- 
 ning of the civil war; enlisted as a private in the 
 Ninety-first Ohio Regiment August II, 1862, and 
 ,«erved contiuuouslv in the fii'ld as such until 
 
528 
 
 CONGKKSSIONAL DIKKCToin . 
 
 <liiiiHcrou>i|y wimmlcd at the hattU'of Wiiii'lit'cter, 
 V«., Si'pti'iiilK'i- lil, 1S(H; tcai'luT ami !<ii)>eriii- 
 tctiili'iit 111' |nililic silionln ill ( tliio I'lir a miinlicr lA 
 ycatxailtT the war; Hcpii)ili< an cainliilatcfoi- clerk 
 of the emirl.'i of Ailaiiis C'niiiity ill ISSd, rediuinj; 
 eimsiilenihly llie then hiij;e DeiiKieratie niajnrity 
 in the eouiity; m-iaiiizeil tlie Wiiuhester Hank, 
 hecominjr il^^ easliier ami iiiaiiajrer in 1S,S4; aji- 
 iM>iute<latniHteeiif theOhii) rnivciisity, at Atlienc, 
 by (tdvenicir .MeKinli\v in ISil'J; delegate to the 
 national KepnUliean iMiivention at Minneapolis in 
 ISilL': electeii to the Kiftx-fourth ('onj.'res.M as a 
 Kepuhlicaii; iveleett^il to the l''ifty-lil'th t'ontiress; 
 after leaviii}! ronKre.ss rosnnieil the hanking husi- 
 ness ami lieeaiue eashier of the Winchester Bank. 
 
 Fenton. Reuben E. , was born at Carroll, N. Y., 
 July t, IM'.i; leceiveil a liheial eihication; stmlied 
 law; enjiat;eil in nieicautile pnrsnits; elected snper- 
 visor of Carroll in l.S4:i; t.'overiior of New York 
 ISli.'i-litianil lSii7-(iS; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Thirty-third Con};ress; reelected 
 to the Thirty-lifth. Tliirty-sixth, Thirty-seventh, 
 and Thirty-eifrhth Congresses, serving from Hecem- 
 IverT. lNri7, to December 10, 18ti4, when heri'signed, 
 having been elected governorof New York; elected 
 a I'nited States Senator from New York, serving 
 from March 4, lSt>9, to March 3, 1875; died at 
 .Jamestown, N. Y., .Uigust 25, 18S5. 
 
 Ferdon, John W. , was born at rierniont, 
 Kockland County. N. Y., in 1828; graduated from 
 Rutgers College. New Hrunswick, N. J., in 1847; 
 studied law and graduated in 18.t1; member of 
 the assembly < if the State of New York from the 
 county of Rockland in 18.55; member of the senate 
 of the State of New York in lS5i>and 1857; dele- 
 gate to tlie national Republican convention at 
 Baltimore in 18(i4, which uominatetl Mr. Lincoln 
 a second time; delegate to the Cincinnati national 
 conveutinii which nominated Hayes and Wheeler 
 in ISTti; elected to the Forty-sixth Congress as a 
 Republican; ilieil in T 883. 
 
 Ferguson, Fenner, wa>s born in Rensselaer 
 Countv, N. Y., .\pril 25, 1814; receiveil a liberal 
 education; stmlied law and admitted to the bar; 
 began luacticiug at Albany, N. Y.; moved to 
 Michigan; member of the State legislature; a|>- 
 pointed chief justice of Neliraska in 1S54; elected 
 a Delegate fniin Nebraska Territory to the Thirty- 
 fifth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Ferg-usson, H. B., of Albucpieniuc, N. Mex., 
 a nati .e nf Alahaiua, was born .S'lilendicr !l. 1848; 
 gra<luated from the Washington and Lee I'niver- 
 sity, Lexingt<in. Va.. with the degree of M. .V., in 
 1873; graduated from the law dejiartment of that 
 university in 1874, and couniieiu'ed the practice of 
 his profession at Wheeling, W. Va., where he 
 remained until the year 1882; located in .\lbu- 
 <|Ueriiue in 1884; in politii's a Democrat; elected 
 a Delegate from the Territory of New Mexico to 
 the Kifty-lifth Congress. 
 
 Ferrell, Thomas M. , of (ila.ssboro. N. .!., was 
 born at (ila>slioro. N. .!., .lune 2tl, 1844; receiveil 
 acommon school and academic education; elected 
 a member of the township committee 1872-73; 
 member of the school Iniard of his native town 
 for three consecutive terms of three years each; 
 electeii a member of the general a.ssembly of New 
 .Jersey, 187!t-S0, in a strong Republican district; 
 after his term expired, elected State senator for 
 the county of (iloucester; nominated for the Korty- 
 eighth CongrcKs before his term of State senator 
 expired, and elected as a DemoiTat. 
 
 Ferris, Charles G., was born at New York 
 City; receivid a limited education; electiil a Rep- 
 resentative from New York to the Twenty-third 
 Congress (in place of Dudley Selden, resigned) an 
 a .lack.soii Democrat, serving from December 1, 
 18:{4, to March 3, 18:i5; eleete<l to the Twenty- 
 seventh Congress. 
 
 Ferriss, Orange, was JKirn at (ileus Kails, N. Y., 
 Novemlier 2ii, 1814; receiveil a liberal education; 
 studied and iiravticed law; judge of Warren 
 Countv 1851-18(13; elected a Representative from 
 New Vork to the Fortieth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican; reelected to the Kortv-lirst Congress; ilieil 
 in IsiM. 
 
 Ferry, Orris Sanford, was born at Bethel, 
 Conn., -Vugust 15, 1823; graduated from Yale Col- 
 lege in 1844; studied law, and in 1.841) admitted to 
 the bar; appointed judge of prohate in 184!l; mem- 
 ber of the State senate |.85.5-.5(); Slate attorney for 
 Fairlield County 1 .Soti- 1 8.5il ; defeated for' the 
 Thirty-lifth Congress; elected a Representative 
 from Connecticut to the Thirty-sixth Congie.s,>j as 
 a Republican; ilefeated for the Thirty-seventh 
 Congress; entered the rnion .\riny in I.Hfil as col- 
 onel of the Fifth Connecticut Volunteers; promoted 
 brigadier-general l.si>2, and served until the close 
 of the war; elected a Cnited States Senator from 
 Connecticut as a Republican (to succeed Lafayette 
 S. Foster, Republican I; reelected liy a coniliina- 
 tiou of independent Kcpuhlicans and Democrats, 
 .serving from .March 4, 18(i7, to his death, which 
 occurred at Norwalk, Conn., November 21, 1875. 
 
 Ferry, Thomas W. , was born at Mackinac, 
 Mich. ..lune 1. 1S27; received a public school edu- 
 cation; engaged in business imrsuils; member of 
 tlie house of representatives of Michigan in 18.5(1; 
 memlierof the State senate in 18.5(1; vice-president 
 for Michigan in theChicago Republican convention 
 of 18(1(1; appointed in 1.8(14 to represent Michigan 
 on the board of managei-s of the (iettysbnrg Sol- 
 diers' National Cemetery, and reappointid in 18(>7; 
 electe<i to the Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, and Forty- 
 tirst Congres.ses, and reelected to the Forty-second 
 Congress, but did not take his seat, having subse- 
 } quelitly biH'n elected to the Cnited States Senate 
 j to succeed .lacob M. Howard, Re|iulilican; took 
 his .seat in the Senate March 4, 1871; clio.seu I'res- 
 ident pro tempore March !• and l!l, and again 
 December 20, 1875, and by thedealli of Vice-l're.«- 
 ident Wilson he became acting Vice-I'resident, 
 serving as such until March 4, 1877; reelected a 
 .Senator .lannary 17, 1877; reelected I'resident pro 
 temiiore of the Senate March 5, 1877, February 
 2(1, 1878, April 17, 1878, and March 3, 1879; died 
 in 18! Mi. 
 
 Fessenden, Samuel C. , was horn at New Clou- 
 I ce.ster, Me., March 7, 1815; r»>ceiv(>d a classiml 
 education; graduated from Bowdoin College in 
 1834; studied law; commenced praclii-e in 18:18; 
 I elected judge of the Rockland municipal court; 
 elected a Representative from .Maine to the Thirty- 
 seventh Congress as a Republican, serving from 
 •Inly 4, 18(11, to March 3, 1S(13; appointed one of 
 the Cxaminei-s in the I'atent Ollice in 18(>5; Cnited 
 Stales consul at St. .lohns. New Brunswick, in 
 1S7!I; died in IS81. 
 
 Fessenden, T. A. D., was born at rortland, 
 Me., .lannary 23, 182(1; riH-eive<l a ela.ssii'al educa- 
 tion; gniduatod from Bowdoiii College in 1845; 
 studied law, and commenced pnicticeat lA'wiston, 
 Me; delegate to the national Republican i-onven- 
 tiou in 18.5(1; member of the Slate house of repre- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 529 
 
 sentativesin 1860; prosecuting attorney for Andros- 
 coggin County 1861-62; elected a Representative 
 from Maine to the Thirty-seventh t'ongress (in 
 place of Cliarles W. Walton, resigned) as a Re- 
 publican, serving from Ueceniber 1, 1862, to March 
 3, 1863; died at Levviston, Me., September 28, 1868. 
 
 Pessenden, William Pitt, was lioru at Bosca- 
 wen, X. II., (Jct(il>er 16, l,S()(i; graduated from 
 Bowdoin College in 1823; studied law, admitted 
 to the bar, and comnrenced practive at Bridge- 
 water, l_iut soon afterwai-ds mo\'ed to I'oi'tland, 
 Me. ; mendier of the State house of representatives 
 in 1832 and 1S40; elected a Representative from 
 Maine to the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig; 
 declined to be a candidate for reelection; again a 
 member of the State legislature 1.84.5-46; defeated 
 as a Whig candidate for the Thirty-second Con- 
 gress; again a member of the State legislature 
 1853-54; elected a United States Senator from 
 Maine as a Whig (to succeed J. W. Bradliury, 
 Democrat); reelected as a Republican in 1854 and 
 resigned in 1864; appointed t)y President Lincoln 
 Secretary of the Treasury, serving from July 1, 
 1864, to March 3, 1865; again elected a Cnited States 
 Senator, .serving from March 4, 1865, to his death, 
 at Portland, Me., September 8, 1869. 
 
 Few, William, was born near Baltimore, Md., 
 June .S, 1748; moved to North Carolina with iiis 
 family in 1758; commenced law practice at Au- 
 gusta, Ga.; served in the Revolutionary war as 
 colonel, and distinguished himself against the 
 British and Indians; presiding judge of Richmond 
 County court, and surveyor-general in 1778; Dele- 
 gate from (ieorgia to the Continental Congress 
 1780-1782 and 1785-1788; delegate to the conven- 
 tion which framed the Federal Constitution in 
 1787; elected a United States Senator from Georgia, 
 serving from March 4, 1789, to 1793;"iuilge of the 
 circuit court of Georgia 1794-1797; moved to New 
 York City in 1799; member of the Slate house of 
 representatives 1802-1.S05; United States commis- 
 sioner of loans; died at Fishkill. N. Y., Julv 16, 
 1828. 
 
 Ficklin, Orlando B., was liorn in Kentucky 
 in 180.S; graduated at Transylvania Law School; 
 admitted to the bar in 1830 and commenced jirac- 
 tice at Mount Carmel, 111.; member of the State 
 house of representatives in 1835, 1838, and 1842; 
 elected a Representative from Illinois to the Twenty- 
 eighth Congress as a Democrat: reelected to the 
 Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses; elected 
 to tlie Thirty-second Congress, and served from 
 December, 1851, to 18.53; Presidential elector on 
 the Buchanan and Breckinridge ticket in 1856. 
 
 Fiedler, William H. F., of Newark, N. J., 
 was born in New York City October 25, 1847; re- 
 ceiveii a pul)liean<l high school education; elected 
 an alderman of Newark in October, 1876; elected a 
 member of the New Jersey legislature in Novem- 
 ber, 1877; reelected alderman in October, 1878; 
 and reelected a member of the legislature in No- 
 vember, 1878; elected mayor of Newark while 
 serving his second term as an alderman in Octo- 
 ber, 1879; in 1882, previous to the organization of 
 the legislature, one of the Republican mendiers 
 died — the house having been a tie — Mr. Fiedler 
 was nominated to fill the vacancy and elected, 
 whicli gave the organization of the house of as- 
 sembly of New Jersey to the Democrats; this was 
 his third term; elected to tin- Forty-eighth Con- 
 gress a.s a l>eniocrat; postmaster of Newark, N. J., 
 under Cleveland's first Administration. 
 
 Field, A. P., claimed to have been legally 
 elected a Representative from Louisiana to the 
 Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican, but the 
 Committee on Elections reported adversely; re- 
 turned to New Orleans, had a new election held, 
 and returned with a certificate that he had received 
 1,377 votes against 1,023 votes for A. P. Dostie; a 
 majority of the Committee on Elections reported 
 that he was entitled to his seat, but such was the 
 opposition that no vote was taken on the resolu- 
 tion, although on the last day of the session he 
 was voted 82,000 for compensation, mileage, and 
 expenses. 
 
 Field, Moses W., was born at Watertown, 
 Jeffersnn County, N. Y., February 10, 1828; re- 
 ceived a ]iul)lic school education; worked upon a 
 farm; moved to Michigan and engaged in mercan- 
 tile and agricultural pursuits; elected a Represent- 
 ative from Michigan to the Forty-third Congress 
 as a Republican, serving from December, 1873, to 
 ."March, 1875; died in 1889. 
 
 Field, Richard S., was born in New Jersey; 
 received an academic eilucation; admitted to the 
 bar an<l conmienced practice at Princeton; Senator 
 from New Jersey (in place of John R. Thompson, 
 deceased), serving from December 1, 1862, to 
 March 3, 1863; appointed by President Lincoln 
 judge of the Unitetl States district court for the 
 district of New Jersev; died at Princeton, N. J., 
 May 25, 1870. 
 
 Field, Walbridge Abner, of Boston, !Mass., 
 was burn at Springfield, Vt., April 26, 1833; grad- 
 uated from Dartmouth College in 1855; studied 
 law in Bost(_iii and at Harvard Law School; ad- 
 mitted to the bar at Boston in 1860; appointed 
 assistant attorney of the United States for Massa- 
 chusetts in 1865, and held the office until April, 
 1869, when appointed Assistant Attorney-General 
 of the United States, and held this office until 
 August, 1870, when he resigned and returned to 
 the practice of law in Boston; received the certifi- 
 cate of election as a Rei.iresentative to the Forty- 
 fifth Congress, in which he sat until March 2*8, 
 1878, when the House declared Benjamin Dean 
 entitled to the feat; elected to the Forty-sixth 
 Congress as a Republican; appointed by Governor 
 Long to the bench of the supreme judicial court in 
 February, 188], and promoted to the position of 
 chief justice in 1890, which he held until his death, 
 at Boston, July 15, 1899. 
 
 Fielder, George B., of Jersey City, N. J., was 
 born at Jersey City, July 24, 1842; educated in 
 public schools and at Selleck's Academy, Norwalk, 
 Conn.; soldier in the civil war; enlisted as private 
 in the Twenty-first New Jersey Yolunteers, 1862, 
 and ])romoted to sergeant-major an<l lieutenant; 
 wounded and taken prisoner May, 1863, at the 
 battle of Maryes Heights; elected register of the 
 county of Hudson in 1884, and reelected in 1889; 
 elected to the Fifty-third Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Fields, William C, was born at New York 
 City February 13, 1804; received a public school 
 education; went to Laurens, where he was justice 
 of the peace for sixteen years, and subsequently 
 supervisor; county clerk of Otsego for three years; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Fortieth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Fillmore, Millard, was born at Sumner Hill, 
 N. Y., .bmuary 7, 1800; received a jiublic school 
 education; studied law; admitted to the bar in 
 1.823, and conunenced [iractice at Aurora, N. Y.; 
 member of the State house of representatives 
 
 H. Doc. 45.S- 
 
 -H4 
 
5^0 
 
 CONGKESSIONAL DIKlX'Tc H{Y. 
 
 1829-1831; elerted a Kenn'sentativc from New- 
 York to tho Twfiity-thinl, Tweiity-tiftli. Twenty- 
 sixth, anil Twcnty-si'vcntli ('<iii}.'rr>sc's as a Whij;: 
 (IccliiU'il a rcnoinination; (li'lcalcil as llic Wlii;; 
 oanilidalo lornovornor in 1S4-1; fit rti-il Stato coinji- 
 trollcr in 1S47; i'K'(t<'(l Vitv-Trt'siik'nt on tlio Wlii^ 
 ticki't hi'ailo(l by Zacluiry Taylor in 1.H4S, rcooiv- 
 inj; lS(i I'lci'toi-al votes apainst I'.'T electoral voles 
 for \V. (). Butler; heianie President of the United 
 States after the death of President Tavlor, servinsr 
 from July !•, IS.'iO, to Mareli :>, lS5;i;" <lel"eafe(i as 
 the National American candidate for President in 
 1S.")l!, receivin;; S I'lectoral votes airainst IT.'f elec- 
 toral votes for .lames linchanan ancl 1 14 elecloial 
 votes for.Ii>lin ('. Krcmont; |)nsidcnt of the Buffalo 
 Historical Society, and commanded a corps of 
 home siuardsduriiij; the warof the rebellion; dieil 
 at Buffalo, N. Y., March 8, 1874. 
 
 Finch, Isaac, was born in the State of New 
 York; received a |>nblic school education; resided 
 at Jay, Rssex County; elected a Kepre.sentative 
 from New York to the Twenty-fii'st I'ontrress as a 
 Democrat, serving from l)ecemlier, ISL'i', to March. 
 18,S1. 
 
 Findlay, James (brother of John and William 
 Findlay), was born at Mercersbuifr, Pa., in 177"); 
 receive<l a jjuVilie school education; moved to 
 Cincinnati. Ohio; meudier of the Territorial lej;is- 
 lative council, and afterwanls of the State house 
 of repre.-^entatives; .served in the war of ISI:.' as 
 eolonel of the Second Ohio Volunteer Infantry; 
 I'nitcil States receiver of jiublie moneys at Cin- 
 cinnati; elected a Kepreseutative from Ohio to the 
 Nineteenth Con};ress as a Jackson Hemiicrat; re- 
 elected to the Twentieth. Tweuty-lirst, and Twenty- 
 second Congresses, serving from December 5, 
 18'.'5, to March 2, Is;?!!; defeated as the Jackson 
 Democratic candidatefor j;overnorof Ohio in IS'M 
 by Kobert Lucas; died at Cincinnati. Ohio. Decem- 
 ber 28, 1835. 
 
 Findlay, John (brother of James and William 
 Findlav), was Ixirn at Mercerslnirjr, Pa.; received 
 a iiulilii- school eilucation: loiated at Chaudiers- 
 bur^r. Pa.; elected a IJeprescnlative from Pennsyl- 
 vania to the Seventeenth Conj.'re.--s as a Democrat; 
 reelected to the Kiiihteenlh and Nineteenth Con- 
 presses, serving from Decendier.S, ISL'l. to March 
 3, 1827; aiipointed postmaster at Chandn'i-sburp, 
 Pa., and helil tlu' ollice at the time of liis deatli. 
 Noveud)er T), ISHS. 
 
 Findlay, John V. L., i'i Baltimore. Md.. was 
 born near Williamsport, Md., Decendier 21. is:i!l; 
 educated at l'riucett)n, N. J.; lawyer by profession 
 and practice; member of the Stale legislature of 
 Maryland; collector of internal revemu> for one of 
 the iialtimore districts, and city .solicitor for Haiti- 
 more; elected to the Forty-eiphlh Conpre.-^s as a 
 Democrat; reelected to the Forty-ninth Congre.ss. 
 
 Findlay, William (brother of James and .Tolin 
 Findlay I, was born in .Ab-rcersburi;, Pa., ,Iune 20, 
 17t)S; reit'ived a pnblic-siliool education: studied 
 law ; admitted to the bar, ami practiced at Frank- 
 linton. Pa.; mend)er of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives in 17!I7 and l,S(i;i; Slate treasurer 1807- 
 1817; povernorof Pennsylvania 1S17-1S1'0: elected 
 I'nited Stales Senator from Pennsylvania a.s a Demo- 
 cnit, servinp from DecemlH-r 3, 1821, to March 3, 
 1827; treasurer of the I'nited States 1827-1840; dieil 
 al Ilarrisburp Novcndier 12, 184t>. 
 
 Findley, William, was lH>rn in Irelaiul, Jan- 
 nary 11, 1751; received a parish school eilui-ation; 
 oime to the I'nited States and located al Phila- 
 delphia; ."erved in the Kevolnlionary war; moved 
 
 to Westmoreland County, Pa.; memlx^r of the 
 Stale lepislature, and delepate to the Stale con- 
 stitutional convention; elected a Kej)re.sentafive 
 from Pi'iinsylvauia lo the Second, Third, Fourth, 
 Fifth, Kipht'h, Ninth. Tenth, I'.levi-nth. Twelfth, 
 Tliirti'cnth, and Fourletnlh Con;:re.~sesas a Demo- 
 crat; ilieil near ( Ireenshurp, Pa., .Vpril f), 1821; 
 pidilished a Ueview of the Fumlinp System ( 17!t4), 
 a History of the Insurrection in Western Pennsyl- 
 vania I 17!t(i). an<l several political pamphlets. 
 
 Fine, John, was born in New York City. .Vupust 
 2l>, 17S4: pradualed from Cohnnbia Collepe, New 
 York, in 180!l; studied law al the Lilcblield Uiw 
 School; admitteil to the bar, ami connneru-ed iirac- 
 tice at Opilensburp, N. Y.; lirst judpe of the 
 court of connnon pleas for ."^t. Lawrence County, 
 1824-18;{8; elected a Kepre.-icntative from New- 
 York lo the Twenty-sixth Conpress as a Democrat, 
 .seiviiip from Decendier, 18:«l, to March. 1841; 
 apain judpe of the lourt of <'onnnon pleas from 
 February Iti, 1843, until the court was abolished 
 in 1847; State senator in 1848; dieil at t Ipdensburp, 
 N. Y., .lanuary 4, 18ti7; ]>ul>lisheil a volmne of 
 law lectures. 
 
 Finerty, John F., of Chicapo. 111., was Ixirn 
 in (ialway, Ireland. Seiitember 10. 184(i; educated 
 mainly by private tuition; entered the profession 
 of jo\nnalism at the ape of Iti; came to America in 
 18ti4; .M-rved one hundred days' term in the Ninety- 
 ninth New York Slate Militia in the I'nited States 
 service: correspondent for the Chicapo Times in 
 the Sioux warof 187(i. with tieneral Crook: with 
 the Northern Indian (Sioux) war of 1879, with 
 General Miles; in the I'te camiiaipn. 187!l. with 
 tieneral Merrill, and afterwards in the Apache 
 eampaipn of 1881 with tieneral Carr; corresponded 
 for the same paper in most of the Slates of Mexico, 
 and in every State ami Territory of the I'nited 
 States: editorial correspondent in Washinpton 
 durinp the sessions of the Forty-sixth Conpress; 
 established The Citizen, a weekly newsjiaper. and 
 the Irish-.Vmerican orpau of the Northwest, on 
 the 14lh of January. 1882: elected to represent 
 the Second Coupressional district of Illinois as an 
 Inde|>endont Democrat in the Forly-eiphth Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Fink, William E., was born al Somerset, 
 Ohio. Seplendier 1. 1.S22; received a imblic si-hool 
 education; studied law: aduutted lo the bar in 
 Seplendier. 1843; practicinl at Somei'set. Ohio; 
 Slate .senator in 18.'il; delepate to the national 
 Whip convention which nominated Scott and (ira- 
 ham in 18.'i2; Stale senator ap\in in 18til: eli cIihI 
 a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-eiphth 
 Conpress as a Democrat: reeleetiil to the Thiity- 
 ninth Conpre.ss, servinp from DiH-ember. 18t>3, to 
 March. 1SU7; ilefeated as the Democratic candi- 
 date for judpe of the supi-eme court of Ohio in 
 18118: elected to the Forty-third Conpress (in |ilare 
 of Ilupb .1. Jewelt, resipned) as a Democrat: died 
 January 2l>, ItKll. 
 
 Finkelnburg', Gustavxis A., wa.« liorn near 
 Colopne, Prussia, .\pril li. 1837; emipnited to Mis- 
 somi with his family in 1.'<4S: receiviil an academic 
 education at Si. Charles ColK-pe. .Mis.souri: pnid- 
 ualed in the law deparlmeiit of Ohio I'lnvei-sity 
 at Cincinnati; ailmitted to the bar al St. Louis 
 in 18li0; served in the Fnion .\rmy; elected to the 
 Mis.souri lepislatun' as a Kadical in l,8ti4: reelected 
 in 18()() and chosen speaker pro tempore: elei'ttM 
 a Keiiresentalive from .Mi.<souri to the Forty-lirst 
 Conpress as a Kepublican; rwleeted lo the Forty- 
 second Coupri'ss. 
 
BKHSRAPHIKS. 
 
 581 
 
 Finley, David Edward, of Ynrkville, S. C., 
 was liiirn at Tren(i>n, Ark., l'\'liruary L'8, 18()1; 
 ediu-att'd in the soliuuls in Kcick Hill ari<l Ebenezer, 
 8. C, and the South Carolina College; lawyer; 
 member of the house of representatives of South 
 Carolina in 1890-91, and of the State senate 1892- 
 1890; trustee of the South Carolina University in 
 1890; elected to the Fift>--sixth Congress as a 
 Democrat without opjiosition; reelected to the 
 Fifty-seventh Congress. 
 
 Finley, Ebenezer B., of Bucyrus, Ohio, was 
 born at Crville, Wayne County, Ohio, July 31, 
 LS.'!:-!; studied law; admitted to practice in .time, 
 1862; serveil in the I'nion Army in the civil war 
 as first lieutenant in the Sixty-fourth Ohio In- 
 fantry; elected to the Forty-tifth Congress as a 
 I>emocrat; reelected to the Forty-sixth Congress; 
 adjutant-general of Ohio; also served as circuit 
 judge of the third circuit of Ohio. 
 
 Finley, H. F., of Williamsburg, Ky., was born 
 of Scotch-Irish parents, January 18, 1838; worked 
 on a farm until 21 years of age, and began life for 
 him.self without education sufficient to transact 
 business, and penniless; read law in 18.57-58, and 
 licensed in 18.59; elected to the State legislature in 
 1861-62; elected Commonwealth's attorney in 1862 
 for six years, which oflice he resigned in 1866; 
 reelected in 1867, and again in 1868 for six years; 
 defeated for Congress in 1870; electe<l to the State 
 senate in 1875; appointed T'nited States district 
 attorney for .Kentucky in 1876, and went out with 
 Grant's Administration; elected judge of the fif- 
 teenth circuit in 1880 for six years; elected to the 
 Fiftieth Congressasaliepublican; reelected to the 
 Fifty-lirst Congress. 
 
 Finley, Jesse J., was born in Wilson County, 
 Temi., November 18, 1812; received an academic 
 education; captain in the Seminole war in 1836; 
 studied law; admitted to the bar, and located in 
 Mississippi County, Ark., in 1840; elected to the 
 State senate in 1.S41; moved to Memphis, Tenn., 
 in 1842; resumed the practice of law; elected mayor 
 of Memjihis 1845; moved to .Mariana, Fla., in 
 November, 1846: elected to tlie State senate of 
 Florida in 1850; elected Presidential elector on the 
 Whig ticket in 1852; appointed judge of the western 
 circuit of Florida in 1853, and elected to the same 
 otiice in 1855, and again in 1859; apj^ointed judge 
 of the Confetlerate States court for the district of 
 Floriila in 1.861; resigned and volunteered as a 
 private in the Confederate army in 1862, and was 
 suci'essively i)romoted to the rank of l)rigadiei- 
 general; located at Lake City, Fla., inl.siio; moved 
 to Jacksonville, Fla., in 1871; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Florida to the Forty-fourth Congress 
 as a Conservative Democrat. 
 
 Finney, Darwin A., was born at Shrewsbury, 
 Vt., .August 11, 1814; moved with his family to 
 Meadville, I'a., when a lad; received a classical 
 education, graduating from the Meadville College; 
 studied law; admitted to the bar, ami jiracticed at 
 Meadville; twice elected to the State house of rep- 
 resentatives and once to the State senate; elected 
 a Representative frouj Pennsylvania to the Fortieth 
 Congress as a Republican, serving from March 4, 
 1867, until his deatli, while traveling in Europe, 
 August 25, 1868. 
 
 Fish, Hamilton, was born at New York City, 
 August 3, 1.S08; gradtiated from Columliia College 
 in 1827; admitteil to the bar in 18;-i0and jiracticed 
 in New York; commissioner of deeds for the city 
 and county of New York; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Twentv-eighth Congress as 
 
 a Whig, serving from December 4, 1834, to March 
 3, 1845; State senator in 1847; governor of New 
 York 1848-1850; electetl a Senator from New York, 
 serving from December, 1851, to March, 1.857; one 
 of the board of commissioners for the relief of 
 Union prisoners of war at the South; appointed 
 by Cieneral (.xrant Secretary of State, serving from 
 March, 1869, to March, 1877; member of the joint 
 high commission whicli settled the differences 
 between the United States and (treat P.ritain. and 
 negotiated the treaty of Washington in 1871; pres- 
 ident-general of the Society of the Cincinnati; died 
 at Garrison, N. Y., September 7, 1893. 
 
 Fisher, Charles, was Ijorn in Rowan County, 
 N.C., October 20, 1789; educated by private tutors 
 at Raleigh; studied law but never practiced to any 
 extent; State senator in 1818; elected to the Fif- 
 teenth Congress (in place of George Slumlord, 
 deceased) asaDemocrat; reelected totheSixteenth 
 Congress, serving from February, 1819, until !March, 
 1821, when he declined reelection; member of the 
 house of commons of North Carolina 1821-1823, 
 1826-1831, 18:53, and 18;?6; member of the consti- 
 tutional convention of 1835; elected a Representa- 
 tive to the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, 
 serving from December, 1839, until ilarch, 1841; 
 nominated for Congress in 1845 as a Democrat, but 
 defeated; declined the Democratic nomination for 
 governor of North Carolina in 1.846; died, while 
 traveling, at Ilillsboro, Miss., May 7, 1849. 
 
 Fisher, David, was born in Somerset County, 
 Pa., December 3, 1794; moved to Ohio, where he 
 was reared as a farmer, receiving a scanty back- 
 woods education; lay preacher and newspaper 
 contributor; member of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives in 1842; elected a Representative from 
 Ohio to the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, serving 
 from Decendjer, 1847, to March, 1849; died near 
 Mount Holly, Pa., May 7, 1886. 
 
 Fisher, George P., was born at Milford, Del., 
 October 13, 1817; graduated from Dickinson Col- 
 lege in 1838; ailmitted to the bar in 1.841 and prac- 
 ticed at Dover, Del.; mendier of theStatehou.se 
 of representatives in 1843 and 1844; secretary of 
 state of Delaware in 1846; confidential clerk to Sec- 
 retary Clayton in the Deiiartment of State at A\'ash- 
 ington in 1849; ap)jointed by President Taylor a 
 conniiissioner to adjudicate claims against Brazil 
 18.50-1852;attorney-generalof the State of Delaware 
 1857-1860; elected a Representative from Delaware 
 to the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Union Repub- 
 lican, serving from July, 1861, to JIarcli, 1863; de- 
 feated as the Union Republican candidate for the 
 Thirty-eighth Congress; appointed liy President 
 Lincoln a judge of the District sujireme court, 
 which position he resigned when ajipointed dis- 
 trict attorney for the District of Colundiia, from 
 which he was removed in 1875; died in 1899. 
 
 Fisher, Horatio G. , of Huntingdon, Pa., was 
 born there .\pril 21, 1838; graduated from Lafay- 
 ette College, Easton, Pa., July, 1.855; engaged in 
 mining, shipping, an<l wholesale coal l)usiness; 
 elected niemlier of councils in 1.862 and served 
 three years; elected county auditor in 1865 and 
 served three years; elected burgess in 1874 and 
 served three years; elected to the senate of Penn- 
 sylvania in 1876 from the thirty-third district, to 
 serve four years; elected to the Forty-sixth Con- 
 gress as a Re])ublican; reelected to the Forty- 
 sexenth Congress. 
 
 Fisher, Israel F., of Brooklyn, N. Y., was 
 born in the city of New York August 17, 1,8,58; 
 moved to Brooklyn Septemlier, 1887; left public 
 
r>:?i> 
 
 f'<)N(iRKSSI<»N.\l, 1>IKK('T(»RY. 
 
 Sfhoiil at theatre of K! and bewail life a.M an oltice 
 boy willi Henry S. I?eiinett, cimnselor at law, ami 
 stiiilieil law with him; ailniitted to the bar in I)e- 
 eetnber, 1H7!'; snbse(|uently entered into iiartner- 
 shi]) with Mr. Hennelt, which continiu'd until May 
 1, ISiU, when he ent,'a;;ed in iiracticealnne; mem- 
 ber of the executive committee of the Uepnlilican 
 State committee duriiij; is.s.s anil IS'H); chairman 
 of the executive committee of the county for two 
 vears ami chairman of the camjiaitrn connnittee 
 In ISSS; eleited to the Fifly-fonrth Conjjress a.s a 
 Republican; reelected to the Fifty-flfth t'ongress. 
 
 Fisher, John, was bornat Londonderry, N. II., 
 Manh l:i, l.siMi; reared on a farm and afterwards 
 enf.'ai;ed in mercantile pm-siiits; for twenty-one 
 years had chariic of an imn manufacturing; estab- 
 lishment in Hamilton, Canada, where he was a 
 mendier nf the city council, and snbseiinently 
 mayor; returned to New York and settled in 
 Katavia in 18n6; acted as State commi.-sioner in 
 the erection of the institution for the blind, in 
 Batavia; ]iresident of a lire insurance company; 
 electeil a Representative from New York to the 
 Forty-first ( 'i ■njrress as a Republican. 
 
 Fisher, Spencer O., of West Hay City, Mich., 
 was born at Camden, Hillsdale Comity, Mich., 
 February '.i. 1S4;{; educated in the public schools, 
 one year at Albion Colle>:e, an<l one year at Hills- 
 dale Collefie, both in Micbi;.'an, but never grad- 
 uated; enjniued in'luudierinnaud baukini.'; miivor 
 of West Hay City, Mich., lssi-bss4: ildepit.^ to 
 the national I)em<Mratic convention at Cbicatro in 
 1SS4; elected to the Forty-ninth Conurcss as a 
 Democrat; reelecte<l to the Fiftieth Con}.'n'Ss. 
 
 Fisk, James, was born in Vermont in 1762; 
 commenced practicing law at Swanton, Vt. ; ele<'ted 
 a Rejtresentative from Vernmut to the Ninth Con- 
 gress as a Hemoi'rat; elei-ted to the Tenth. Twelfth, 
 and Thirteenth Coni;re.s.ses; ajipointed I'nited 
 States jnd'_'e for the Territory ol Jndiana in ISll', 
 but declined; judjje of the sujiremc court of Ver- 
 mont I.SI.VIO; elected a Senator from Vermont (in 
 place of Dvidley Chase, resifrned), serviii}; from 
 l)ecend)er, IS]", to April, 1818. when he resigned; 
 collector of customs for the di.strict of Vermont 
 181,'<-l.s2t>; died atSwanton, Vt., December 1, 1.S4-1. 
 
 Fisk, Jonathan, was born at Newburjrh, N. Y. ; 
 received a public school eilucation; elected a Reji- 
 resentative from New York to the Kleventh Con- 
 gress as a Democrat, serving from May, IHdit, to 
 March, l.sll; again elected to the Thirteenth Con- 
 gress, and reelected to the I'ourteeuth Cimgress, 
 serving from May, LSI:!, to June, ISl.i, when he 
 resigned, before having taken his seat, to accept 
 the position of Fnited States attorney for the 
 Bouthern district of New York. 
 
 Fitch, Asa, residi'd at Salem, Wa.shington 
 Countv. N. Y.: elected a Representative from that 
 State to the Twelfth Congress as a Fdleralist, 
 serving from Novemtwr, l.SIl, to March, 18i:{. 
 
 Fitch, Ashbell Parmelee, of New York City, 
 was born at .Moons, ( linloii County, N. Y., Octo- 
 iH-r.**, 1.'<4S; eilucated in the imblic schools of New 
 York, Willistoii St-nnmiry, K;ist Hampton, Milss., 
 and the universities of .leiia and Herlin, < iermany, 
 ainlCohunbiaCollege law school in New York City; 
 admitted to the bar in November, ISiiit, and ]irac- 
 ticed his profi-ssion in New York City; elected to 
 the Fiftieth Congress as a Re|inblican; reilected 
 to the Fifty-lirst, Fifty-second, anil Fifty-third 
 Congresses lus a DeiniH'nit; resigned I>ecemlK'r 20, 
 1.s;i:;. 
 
 Fitch, Graham N. , was Imrn at I,eroy, X. Y., 
 
 I Decembi'r .">, ISiY.t; received a cla.ssical education; 
 
 studied medicine; practiced at Logansport, Ind.; 
 
 profes.s<ir in the Rush Medical College, 1S44-I849; 
 ( Indiana I'residential elector in 1844, 1848, and IS-iO; 
 
 menduTof the Stat<> legislature in ls.{(iand 18;«); 
 i elected a Representative from Indiana to the 
 j Thirty-first Congress lus a Democrat; reeleiU-d 
 
 to the Thirty-second Congress, serving from De- 
 
 ceudier, 18411, to March, 18."i:i; elected a .S'liator 
 
 from Indiana, serving from February, l.'<.')7, tu 
 ' March, l.Stil; delegate to the national beniocratie 
 
 convention in I.St)8; died at I.ogansport, Ind., 
 
 November 2i>, 1892. 
 
 Fitch, Thomas, was born at New Vi>rk City, 
 .lamiary 27. l.s.SS; received a public school educa- 
 tion; went to MWwaukee in lS.")."i; engaged as clerk; 
 local editor of the Milwaukee Fre<- Democrat in 
 l8.')S(and 18(10; went to California in l.'<iil); edited 
 the San Francisco Times and I'lacerville Repub- 
 lican; studied law; mendier of the California 
 assembly in 18t)2-<).S; went to Nevada in .lime, 
 l.Sti.S; elected a member of the convention which 
 framed the State constitution in 18(14; I'nion nom- 
 inee lor Territorial Delegate to Congress in l.S()4; 
 district attorney of Washoe County in 1.8G5 and 
 18(1(1; elected a Representative from Nevada to 
 the Forty-lirst Congress. 
 
 Fite, Samuel M. , was elected Decern Ix-r SI, 
 
 1X74, a Representative from Tennessee to the 
 Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat I to till the 
 vacancy caused by the death of .John W. Ilwad); 
 but died before taking his seat, at Mot Springs, 
 Ark., October 2:?, 1875. 
 
 Fithian, George W. , of Newton, 111., was born 
 on a farm mar the village of Willow Hill, III., 
 .luly 4, lS.i4; educated in the common schools; 
 learned the printer's trade at Mount Carmel, III., 
 which business he followed until he was admitteil 
 to till' bar, in 187"); elected State attorney of 
 .husper County in 187(1; reelected in 1880; electwl 
 to the Fifty-tirst Congress as a Democrat; n-elected 
 to the Fifty-.^^econd ami Fifty-third Coni;rt'S,ses; 
 resumed the practice of law and engage<l in stock 
 raising after leaving Congress. 
 
 Fitzgerald, John F. , of Bo.ston. Miuss., was 
 bornat Boston February 11. 18(1.5; member of the 
 Boston comniou council of 18!I2; electtHlamenilior 
 of the Massachusetts State senate in l8H;ianil 18!M; 
 elei'ted to the Fifty-fourth Congress asa Democrat; 
 reelected to the Filty-lifth and Fifty-sixth Con- 
 gresses. 
 
 Fitzg-erald, John J., of Brooklyn. N. Y., was 
 born ill that city March 10, 1872; received his pre- 
 liminary eilucation in the schools in the city; en- 
 tered Manhattan College. New York City, and 
 graduated therefrom, receiving the degrees of 
 bachelor and master of arts; studied law at the 
 New York Law School; admitted to the baratthe 
 age of 21, and the sjiine year receivifl from the re- 
 gent.s of the State of New Y'ork the degree of 
 bachelor of laws cum laiide; elected to the Fifty- 
 sixth Congress as a Democnit. and reelected toihe 
 Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congres.ses. 
 
 Fitzgerald, Thomas, w:ls iMirn at (ierniaB- 
 town, N. Y., .\pril 10, 17!Mi; received an aciuleinic 
 (ilucatlon; served under (ieneral Harrison in the 
 war of 1812; admitted to the bar and conimence<I 
 practice at St. .loseph, Mich.; appointed a .S'lialor 
 from .Michigan i in phu^e of Lewis Cass, re-signed), 
 I serving from .liine, l.'<48, to .^larch, 1849; died at 
 Niles, .Mich.. March 25. 18,5.5. 
 
BIOURAPHIES. 
 
 533 
 
 Fitzgerald, William, was born in Tennessee; 
 received a thorousli English education; studied 
 law, and connnenced practice at Dresden, Tenn.: 
 elected a Representative from Tennessee to the 
 Twenty-second Congress as a Jackson Democrat, 
 serving from December 5, 1831, to JIarch 2, 1833; 
 defeated as a Democratic candidate forthe Twenty- 
 third Congress. 
 
 Fitzhugh, "William, was born at Boscobel, 
 Stafford County, Va., in 1726; received a classical 
 cdncatiun from private tutors; Delegate from Vir- 
 ginia to the Continental Congress 1779-1780; died 
 July 6, 1809. 
 
 Fitzpatrick, Benjamin, was born in Greene 
 County, Ga., ,Iune ot), 1H)2; left an orphan, he 
 was taken liy his brother to Alabama in 1815; 
 received a pnlUic school education : admitted to the 
 bar in 1821 and practiced until 1829; devoted him- 
 self to planting; governor of Alaliaina 1845-1855; 
 appointeil United States Senator from Alabama as 
 a State Rights Democrat ( in place of Dixon H. 
 Lewis, deceased), serving fromDecemlier 11, 1848, 
 to March, 1849; again appointed a United States 
 Senator (in place of William R. King, resigned), 
 and subseciuently elected by the legislature, serv- 
 ing from January, 1853, to 1861 ; several times Presi- 
 dentprotempore; earnest supporter of theSouthern 
 Confederacy; delegate to the national l^nion con- 
 vention at Philadelphia in 1866; died on his plan- 
 tation near AVetumpka, Ala., November 25, 1869. 
 
 Fitzpatrick, T. Y. , of Prestonburg, Ky., was 
 born in Floyd County, Ky., September 20, 1850; 
 educated in the common schools; studied law, and 
 admitted to the bar in 1877; filled the positions of 
 county judge, count}' attorney, and representative 
 in the State legislature; Democratic elector in 1884; 
 elected to the Fifty-fifth Congress as a Democrat; 
 reelected to the Fifty-sixth Congress. 
 
 Fitzsimons, Thomas, was born at Belfast, 
 Ireland, in 1741; emigrated to the United States 
 and entered a countinghouse at Philadelphia as 
 clerk; commanded a companj- of volunteer home 
 guard during the Revolutionary war; several years 
 a member of the State house of representatives; 
 delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental 
 Congress in 1782-1783, and to the United States 
 constitutional convention in 1787; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Pennsylvania to the First Con- 
 gress; reelected to the Second and Third Con- 
 gresses, and served until March. 1795; held several 
 local oflfices; died at Philadelphia in August, 1811. 
 
 Flagler, Thomas T., resitled at Lockjjort, Ni- 
 agra County, N. Y.; held several local oflices; 
 elected a Representative from Xew York to the 
 Thirty-third Congress as a Whig; reelected to the 
 Thirty-fourth Congress, serving from December 5, 
 1853, to March 3, 1857; member of the State house 
 of representatives in 1860. 
 
 Flanagan, De Witt Clinton, of Jlorristowu, 
 N. J, was born at New York City, December 28, 
 1870; educated at Columbia College, New Y'ork 
 City; pursued a commercial career, being inter- 
 ested in a number of industrial enterprises; elected, 
 without opposition, June IS, 1902, to the Fifty- 
 seventh Congress as a Democrat to fill the vacancy 
 caused by the death of the lion. J. S. Salmon. 
 
 Flanagan, J. W. , was born at Albemarle, Va., 
 September 5, 1S05; receiveil a common school ed- 
 ucation; moved in 1816 to Kentucky, where he 
 engaged in n]ercantile|iursuits; justice of the peace 
 for twelve years; moved to Texas in 1S43, where 
 he studied lawand jiracticed; memherof theState 
 
 house of representatives in 1851 and 1852 and the 
 State senate in 1855 and 1856; State elector on the 
 Fillmore ticket in 1857; member of the State con- 
 stitutional convention in 1866 and 1868; elected by 
 the convention as a Representative to Congress for 
 the State at large in 1869; elected lieutenant-gov- 
 ernor in 1869; elected a United States Senator from 
 Texas as a Republican on the reconstruction of 
 Texas and served from March 31, 1870, to March 
 
 3, 1875. 
 
 Flanders, Alvan, was born at Hopkinton, 
 N. H., August 2, 1825; received a public school 
 education; learned the machinist trade in Boston; 
 move<i to California in 1851, and there engaged in 
 the lumber business until 1858; one of the pro- 
 jectors and proprietors of the San Francisco Daily 
 Times; member of the State legislature in 1861: 
 appointed register of the Humboldt land othce; 
 moved to Washington Territory and engage<l in 
 business there; elected a Delegate from Washing- 
 ton Territory as a Republican, serving from ^Nlarch 
 
 4, 1867 to March 3, 1869; appointed by President 
 Grant governor of Washington Territory and served 
 one year. 
 
 Flanders, Benjamin F., was born at Bristol, 
 N. H., January 26, 1H16; received a classical edu- 
 cation, graduating from Dartmouth Colle.iie in 1842; 
 studied law, admitted to the bar, and commenced 
 ]3racticing at New Orleans; edited the New Or- 
 leans Tropic; superintendent of a school; elected 
 a Representative inan Louisiana to the Thirty- 
 seventh Congress as a Unionist, serving from Feb- 
 ruary 23, 1863, to March 3, 1863; military governor 
 of Louisiana 1867-68; died in 1896. 
 
 Fleeger, George W., of Butler, Pa., was born 
 in Butler County, Pa., !March 13, 18.39; educated in 
 the common schools and at West Sunliury Acad- 
 emy; enlisted in the Union Army June 10, 1861, as 
 private in Company C, Eleventh Regiment Penn- 
 sylvania Reserves, and was discharged as first 
 lieutenant ilarch 13, 1865; studied law; admitted 
 to the bar in 1866 at Butler, Pa.; member of the 
 legislature of Pennsylvania in 1871 and 1872; elected 
 to the Forty-ninth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Fleming, William, was born in Virginia in 
 1734, and represented that State in the Continental 
 Congress 1779-1781; died February 2, 1824. 
 
 Fleming, William Henry, of Augusta, Ga., 
 was born at Augusta, Richmond County, Ga., on 
 October 18, 1856; educated at Summerville Acad- 
 emy, Richmond (County) Academy, and the State 
 University, at Athens, Ga., from which institution 
 he received the degrees of civil engineer and master 
 of arts; chosen private anniversarian of the Phi 
 Kappa Society in 1873; awarded junior debaters' 
 medal in 1874; elected superintendent of the puli- 
 lic schools of Augusta and Richmond County, Ga., 
 in January, 1877, and resigned in August, 1881); 
 admitted to the bar in November, 1880; elected to 
 the State legislature from Richmond County in 
 1888, 1890, and 1892, and was chairman of the 
 finance committee; again elected in 1894, and was 
 speaker of the house; elected a Rei)resentative to 
 the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Fletcher, Isaac, was horn in Vermont; received 
 a classical education; member of the State house 
 of representatives; elected a Repre.«enlative from 
 Vermont to the Twenty-fifth Congress as an Anti- 
 Masonic Democrat, defeating Ilenry F. Janes, 
 Whig; reelected to the Tweut)'-sixth Congress, 
 serving from September 4, 1837, to IMarch 3, 1841 ; 
 
^34 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTORY. 
 
 ilofoaU'd as a i'anili<late fur ri^eli'dion l>v .lulin 
 Mattocks, Wlii^'; .licil at l.vn.l.m. Vl., ( MoIkt lit, 
 
 Fletcher, Loren, uf .Minneapolis, Minn., wius 
 liorn at Mount Vernon, Ketniehec Comity, Me.; 
 eilniateil in the )iul)lic scliools and at Maine Wes- 
 leyan Seminary, Kents Hill. Me. ; moved to Banf;or 
 in lS."iM, \\ here he was employed as clerk by a mer- 
 cantile and lumber company; moved to Minne- 
 apolis, Minn., in IS.ili; enijatred in maniifactnrini; 
 anil mercantile pnrsnits, larirely in lluMuannlactnre 
 of lund>er anil (lour: elected to the State le;:islatnre 
 in 1,S72, and reelected ,seven times, the last three 
 terms servini; as speaker; elected to the l''iftv-third, 
 Kifty-fonrth, iMlty-liflh, l"ifty-si.\th, and Fifty- 
 seventh Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Fletcher, Richard, was born at Caverxlish, 
 Vt., .lamiary S, 17SS; received a cla.ssieal educa- 
 tion, graduatiuf; from Partnionth Colle;;<' in lKO(i; 
 studied law under Oaiiii'l Webster.; commenced 
 practicii\ir at Salisbury, N. II.; moved to Boston 
 in ISl'.'i; member of tlie State house of represent- 
 atives in ^hlssachusetts; elected a Representative 
 from Ma.s.sachusetls to the Twenty-I'ifth Congress 
 as a Whig; judge of the supreme court of .MaKsa- 
 chu.setts 1S4S-1.S."):!; received the degree of LI,. I), 
 from l)artinouth College, to which lie l*<jUeathed 
 S100,0t)0; died at Boston, June 21, 18(«). 
 
 Fletcher, Thomas, received a jiublic school 
 education; located in Moiitjiomery County, Ky. ; 
 member of the State legislature ISd.'!, 1805, aiid 
 ISOti; served in the war of bSlL' as major of 
 Kentucky voluuteeo- under (ieneral Harrison and 
 distinguished himself at Fort Meigs, May 1.5, 181.S; 
 elected a Representative from Kentucky to the 
 Fourteenth Congress (in place of .lames Clark, 
 resigned ), serving from December 2, LHKi, to March 
 .'{, 1817; declined a reelection; again a member of 
 the State house of representatives in 1817, 1820, 
 1821, and 182.'>. 
 
 Flick, James P., of Bedford, Iowa, wa.s born 
 at Bakerstown, .Mlegheny County, I'a., .Vngust 28. 
 184.5; moved with his ]iarent.sto Wajiello ('ouiity, 
 Iowa, w hen 7 years of age, and from there to Tay- 
 lor County in 18.'i7, where he has since resided; 
 received a common school education; enlisted in 
 the Fourth Iowa Infantry .Xjiril 3, 18()2, and served 
 as a private soldier: studied law, and admitted to 
 the bar in 1870; member of the seventeenth gen- 
 eral assembly of Iowa, and served as district at- 
 torney of the third judicial district of Iowa for 
 pix years; elected to the Fifty-lirst Congress as a 
 Republican; reelected toihe Fifty-.secondCongre.ss. 
 
 Flood, Henry Deleware, of .\ppomattox, Va., 
 was iMirn in .\ppomatlox County, \'a., Septeiulier 
 2. 18l>.i; educated in the schools of .\ppomattox 
 and Richmond, Washintrton and I.ee Cniversily, 
 and llu' CuiverMity of X'irginia: bivan the prac- 
 tice of the law on September l'>, ISSli; elected 
 to tin' house of delegates of the general as.seuibly 
 of Virginia from .\ppoinatlox County in 18,S7 and 
 n-elected in 1889; elected to the .senate of Virginia 
 from the eighteenth senatorial district in 1891, re- 
 elected in 189.5, and nominated and reeU'cted with- 
 out oppo-.ition in 1899; elected attorney for the 
 CoinniMiiwealth for .\]>pomattox Countv in 1891, 
 1S9.5, and l.Hltil, in each one of these |Kisitions suc- 
 
 c lini; a Republican; Presidential elector from 
 
 the Tenth ('ongre.s.sional district on the Cleveland 
 and Sti'vensou ticket in 1.H92; nominated for Con- 
 gre.ssiby the Democratic party in l.H9(>and ilefeated; 
 elected to the Fifty-.s«'venth ('ongress and re^decttnl 
 to the Fifty-eiglitli Congress as a I>emo<-i-at. 
 
 Flood, Thomas S. , of EIniira, X. Y., was iMirn 
 at Lodi, .Seneca ( ounly, \. V., .\pril 12, 1844; 
 educated ill the common schools of his native town 
 and at the ICImira I'ree .\cadeniy; an alderman of 
 KIniira 1S82-8S; iiresident of the Chemung County 
 .Agricultural .Siciety 1884-8.5; eiiirai-'ed in fanning 
 and lumbering; eU'cted to the Fiftieth ( 'ongress a« 
 a Rei>ublican, and reelected to the Fifty-(ii>t Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Florence, Elias, was a native of Virginia; re- 
 ceived a [iiiblic school education; moved to Ohio, 
 locating at Circleville, l'it|ua County; elected a 
 Representative from Ohio to the Twenty-eighth 
 Congre.sM as a Whig. 
 
 Florence, Thomas B., was born in the South- 
 wark di.strict of rhiladeljihia, .lanuary 2l>, 1812; 
 received a public school education; learned the 
 hatter's trade, and weiii into that business in \KV.i; 
 liemociatic candidate lortheThirtieth and Tliirty- 
 lirst Congresses, but wa.s<lefeated; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from I'ennsvlvania to theTliirtv-second, 
 Thirty- third, Thirty- fourth. Thirty- fifth, ami 
 Thirty-sixth Congresses as a 1 )einocrat ; after leav- 
 ing Congress became engaged in editing and the 
 publishing of various newspapers in Washintrtoii, 
 I). ('.; defeated as the Democratic candidate in his 
 old district for the I'lirty-lirst Coii!.'re.ss; defeated 
 as the Democratic candidate for the Forty-fourth 
 Congre.ss and intende<l to contest the election, but 
 he died at Washington, J). C., July 3, 187,5. 
 
 Flournoy, Thomas S. . was born in I'rince 
 ICdward County, Va., December 1.5, 1811; re- 
 ceivi.d a jiublic school education; studied law, 
 admitted to tin- bar.and began practicing at Hali- 
 fax; electt'd a Representative from Viivinia to the 
 Thirtieth Congress; defeated as the ^\'hig candi- 
 date for the Thirty-lirst Congress; entered tin- 
 Confederate army, and was killed in battle in A'ir- 
 ginia in June, 18(>4. 
 
 Flower, Roswell P., wa.s born at There.sa, 
 Jefferson County, N. Y., .\ugust 7, 1835; actively 
 eiigai.'ed in mercantile and manufacturing piirsuit-s 
 from the age of lii; moved to New York City and 
 entered into tlu> banking business in 18119; nomi- 
 nated to till the vacancy in the House of Ri'prc- 
 .sentatives caused by the resignation of Hon. Levi 
 P. Morton; elected in 1881 to the Forty-seventh 
 Congre.s.s as a Democrat; elected to the Fifty-lirwt 
 Congress and reelected to the Fifty-second Con- 
 gix'ss, anil resigned .September Iti. 1891 ; in Novem- 
 ber, 1891, elected governor of New York, .serving 
 until 1895; died at Ka.stport, N. Y., May 12, 1.S99. 
 
 Floyd, Charles A., was born in New York; 
 received a common school education; resiiksl at 
 Conimack, Suffolk County; member of the .State 
 legislature in 18,'!t)and 18;'>S; elected a Kepreseiita- 
 live from New York to the Twenty-seventh Con- 
 gress as a Denioerat. 
 
 Floyd, John (father of John B. Floyd), wius 
 born in.lefferson County, Va., in 1770; received an 
 academic education; for .sevend yeaiv a nienil)er 
 of the State house of repres<>ntativcs: elected a 
 Representative from N'irginia to the FifttH'iith Con- 
 gre.ss as a State Riclits Democrat; reelecteil to the 
 Sixteenth, Seventeenth, F.ighteenth, Nineteenth, 
 and Twentieth Coiigre.s.ses; governor of Virginia 
 i from 182tt to 1S34; diet! at Sweet Springs, \h., 
 .\ngiist Hi, 1837. 
 
 Floyd, John, was Ixirn at Bcanfort, S. C, Oeto- 
 Ikt 3, 1709; moved in 1791 with his father to 
 ( ieorgia, and engaged in Iniat building; .servtil in 
 the war of 1812as brigadier-gi-neral in exiKilitions 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 535 
 
 against the 'Creek Indians; served several times as 
 meraljer of tlie State house of representatives; 
 eleetetl a Kepresentative from Georgia to the Twen- 
 tieth ■Congress; died near Jefferson, Ga., June 24, 
 1839. 
 
 Floyd, Jolin G. , was liorn in the State of New- 
 York; rec-eived a common school education; re- 
 sided at Utica; member of the State liouse of rep- 
 resentatives 1839-1843; elected a Represenfcitive 
 from New York to the Twenty-sixth, Twenty- 
 seventh, and Thirty-second Congresses as a Dem- 
 ocrat. 
 
 Floyd, William, was born at Brookliavcn, 
 N. Y., Decemljer 17, 1734; received an academic 
 education; w.as prominent in the ante- Revolution- 
 ary movements; Delegate from New York to the 
 Continental Congress 1774-1777, signing the Decla- 
 ration of Independence; State senator 1777-78; 
 again Delegate to the Continental Congress 1778- 
 1783; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the First Congress; moved in 1794 to Westernville, 
 Oneida County; Presidential elector in LSUO, 1804, 
 and 1820; delegate to the State constitutional con- 
 vention in 1801; again State senator in 1S08; died 
 at Westernville, N. Y., August 4, 1821. 
 
 Flynn, Dennis T., of Guthrie, Okla., was born 
 at Phoenixvillc, I'a., February 13, 1862; removed 
 two years later to Buffalo, N. Y., where he resided 
 until 1880, whence he moved to Riverside, Iowa; 
 admitted to the bar and established the Riverside 
 Leader; moved from Iowa in 1881 to Kiowa, 
 Kans., where he established the Kiowa Heralcl 
 and pursued the ]>ractice of law; elected city attor- 
 ney of that i)lace and also appointed its tii'st post- 
 nuister; moved to Oklahoma Territory April 22, 
 1889, and was commissioned liy President Harri- 
 son ]iostmaster of the city of Guthrie, which posi- 
 tion he held when elected Delegate to the Fifty-third 
 Congress; reelected to the Fifty-fourth Congress; 
 defeated for the Fifty-tifth Congress, and elected 
 to the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh Congresses as 
 a Republican; nominated, but declined to be a 
 candidate for Fifty-eighth Congress. 
 
 Foerderer, Robert Hermann, of Philaileli)hia, 
 Pa., was 1)1 irn at Frankenhausen, Germany, Jlay 
 Ui, 18tiO, while his parents were sojourning iii 
 Europe; educated in public and private schools, 
 but did ni;>t enter college; began as an apprentice, 
 and soon after attaining his majority conunenceil 
 Vmsiness for himself; engaged as a manufacturer of 
 leather; elected to the Fifty-seventh Congress as a 
 Republican; reelected to Fifty-eighth Congress. 
 
 Fogg, George G. , was liorn at Meredith, Bel- 
 knap County, N. H., 3Iay 26, 1815; received a 
 classical education, and graduated from Dartmouth 
 College in 18.39; studied law, and admitted to the 
 bar in 1S42; began practicing at Gilmanton, N. 11.; 
 secretary of state of New Hampshire in 184ti; news- 
 paper iniblisher from 1847 to 1861; reporter of 
 the State supreme court 1856-1860; appointed by 
 President Lincoln minister resident to Switzerland, 
 serving from March 28, 1861, to October 16, 1865; 
 apjiointed a United States Senator from New 
 Hampshire as a Republican (in place of Daniel 
 Clark, resigned), serving from December 3, ]8(i6, 
 to March 3, 1867. 
 
 Foley, James B., a native of Kentucky; re- 
 ceiveil a limited education; moved to Greensburg, 
 Iml.; held several local offices; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Indiana to the Thirty-fifth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat. 
 
 Folger, Walter, jr., was born at Nantucket, 
 Mass.; received a public school education; State 
 senator from 1809 to 1815 and again in 1822; elected 
 a Representative from Massachusetts to the Fif- 
 teenth Congress as a Democrat and reelected to the 
 Sixteenth Congress. 
 
 Follett, JohnFassett, of Cincinnati, Ohio, was 
 born of farmer parents in Franklin County, Vt. ; 
 his father moved to Ohio in 1837 and settled in 
 Licking County; procured for himself a classical 
 education, entering Marietta College in 1851, and 
 grachiating in 1855 as the valedictorian of his class; 
 taught sciiool two years; studied law, and was ad- 
 mitted to the bar in 1858; elected to the Ohio legis- 
 lature from Licking County in 1865, and reelected 
 in 1867; elected in January, 1868, speaker of the 
 House of Representatives; in Sejitember, 1868, 
 moved to Cincinnati to engage in the ])ractice of 
 the law, and on the assembling of the legislature 
 in December of the same year resigned the speaker- 
 ship and his commission as representative from 
 Licking county; was nominated at the Democratic 
 State convention as one of the electors at large for 
 Ohio on the Hancock and English Presidential 
 ticket in 1880; received the degree of LL.D from 
 ^Marietta College in 1879; elected to the Forty- 
 eighth Congress as a Democrat; resumed practice 
 of law after leaving Congress. 
 
 Folsom, Nathaniel, was born at Exeter,IN. 11., 
 September 18, 1726; received a jmblic school edu- 
 cation; served in the Seven Years' war as captain 
 in Colonel Blanehard's regiment; successively 
 major, lieutenant-colonel, and colonel of the Fourth 
 Regiment of New Hampshire militia, which he 
 commanded at the beginning of tlie Revolutionary 
 war; appointed by the convention of New Hamp- 
 shire, April 21, 1775, brigadier-general of the New 
 Hampshire troops sent to Massachusetts, ser\-ing 
 during the siege of Boston; appointed major-gen- 
 eral and made the details of troojis sent from New 
 Hampshire to Ticonderoga; a Delegate from New 
 Hampshire to the Continental Congress 1774-1775 
 and 1777-1780; executive councilor in 1778; a 
 delegate to the State constitutional convention of 
 1783, and its president; died at Exeter, N. 11., Mav 
 26, 1790. 
 
 Foot, Solomon, was born at Cornwall, Addison 
 County, Vt., November 19, 1802; receive<l a classi- 
 cal education, graduating at Midillebury College 
 in 1826; studied law; admitted to the bar; com- 
 menced practice at Rutland, Vt.; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Vermont to the Twentj'-eighth 
 Congress as a Whig; reelected to the Twenty- 
 ninth Congress; defeated as a candidate for Clerk 
 of the House of Representatives in December, 1849; 
 elected a United States Senator from A'ermont as 
 a Republican, and was twice reelected, serving 
 from December 1, 1857, to March 28, 1866, when 
 he died at Washington, D. C. ; served several times 
 as President pro tempore. 
 
 Foote, Charles A. , was born in the State of 
 New York; received an academic education; a 
 Representative from New York to the Eighteenth 
 Congress; died at Delhi, N. Y., August 1, 1828. 
 
 Foote, Henry Stuart, was born in Fauquier 
 County, Va., September 20, 1800; received a clas- 
 sical education; graduated from Wa.-'hington Col- 
 lege, Virginia, 1819; studied law, and in 1822 
 admitted to the bar; began practicing at Tuscum- 
 bia, Ala., in 1824; moved in 1826 to .lackson, 
 3Iiss. ; electe<l a United States Seiuitor from Mis- 
 sissippi as a I^nionist, serving from Deceudser 6, 
 1847, to the fall of 1852, when he resigned to sue- 
 
58t> 
 
 CONUKKSSUtNAL DIKKCTORY. 
 
 oos.«l'iilly oanvass tho State iis I'nidn candidato lnr 
 jrovenior apiiiist .Icfffrsun I •avis, SiTc.xfinnist, 
 eerviiit; from l.S52to 1!<54, whoii hi' iiiovi'd to Cali- 
 fornia: ri'turrioil to Vii'ksl)iir}r, Miss., in IfifiH; 
 nuMiiliorof the SoiitlitMii oonvcntinn at Kiioxvillc 
 in 1S.'>!I, spoakiii); ajrainst clisiiiiinti; a Hcpri'sentii- 
 livf from Tciinesscc to tlie lirst ami sciMinil 
 Confeilorati' (•(Hi^rrosscs; aftiTwanls moved tu 
 WiUJliinfiton, wlioro hi' i)racti<'t'd law; jmlilislu'cl 
 Texas and the Texans in 1841. a History of the 
 Southern Strufifrle, and a volume of Personal 
 Keniinisoences; ilie<l at Nashville, Tenii., Mav 20, 
 1880. 
 
 Foote, Samuel Aug-ustus (father of .Vdmiral 
 Foote, V. S. Navy i, was born at Cheshire, t'oini., 
 November X, 1780; received a ela.ssieal education 
 and );rddnated from Yale Collef;ein 17!i7; entraped 
 in mercantile jmrsuits at New Haven; for several 
 years a member of the State house of rejiresenta- 
 tives and twice its speaker; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Connecticut to the Sixteenth Congresw 
 as a Whijr; ai^ain elected to the I'.i-rhteentli Con- 
 f:ress; electe<i a I'liited States Senator from Con- 
 necticut, servinj; from IVcendier :i, 18L'7, to March 
 2, 1883; defeate<l for reelection by Nathan Smith; 
 a^ain electiil a l{ei>resentativc to the Twenty- 
 third Con;»ress, serving from December 2, 1833, to 
 May 9, 1834, resifrninp to becnme fiovernor of 
 Connecticut; serveil sis governor from 18:!4 to 183."i; 
 a Presidential elector on the Clay and Freling- 
 liuysen ticket in 1844; died at Cheshire, Conn., 
 September 15, 1846. 
 
 Foote, Wallace Turner, jr. , of I'ort Henry, 
 Ks.sex County, N. Y., was born there .\pril 7. 
 18(14; received his early educatinn at Port Henry 
 I'nion Free School; ]ireiiared for college at 
 Williston Seminary, East Hami>ton, Mass., and 
 grailuated a.-s civil engineer from I'nion College, 
 Schenectady, with honors, in 1885; ele<ted alumni 
 trustee of that miiversity in 18H(>; assistant super- 
 intendent of theCedar Point Furnaceat Port Henry 
 from 1885 to 1887; entered Columbia \ai\\ School 
 in 1889; practiceci law at Port Henry; fullowed 
 that i>rofession, and was the head of the tirm <if 
 Foote, Stokes i^ t)wen, doing a general law busi- 
 ness at that place; electe<l to the Fifty-fomih Con- 
 gress as a Republican, and reelected to the Fifty- 
 lift h C<ingre.ss. 
 
 Foraker, Joseph Benson, of Cincinnati, was 
 born Julv 5, 184(), on a farm near Uaiu.-ilioro, 
 Highlaii.l" C.iunty, Ohio; enlisted .luly 14. 18H2, 
 as a private in (^'ompany .\, iMghty-ninth Regi- 
 ment ( )hiii Volunteer Infantry, with which organ- 
 ization he served until the close of the war, at 
 which time lie held the rank of tirst lieutenant 
 and l)revet captain; graduated from Cornell Cni- 
 versity, Ithaca, N. Y., July 1, 18(19; admitted to 
 the Imr and entered upon the ]>ractice of the law 
 at Cincinnati, Ohio, Oclolier 14, 18tl!i; elected judge 
 of the .sn|K>rior court of Cincinnati in .\pril. 1879; 
 re-signed on account of ill health. May 1, 1S8L'; was 
 the Ri'publican camlidate for governor of dliio in 
 18.S3, but defeated; elected to that otlici' in 18S5, 
 and reelected in 1887; again nominatecl for gover- 
 nor and <lefeated in 188H; chairman of the Repub- 
 lican State conventions of Ohio for 18811, ISilO, bSitti, 
 and KKM), and a delegate at la^ie from dliio to the 
 national Republican conventions of I8,s4, bSS8, 
 1S<I2, l.S!i(l,an<l 19(K1; chairniaii of the ( Hiio delega- 
 tion in the c(.iiventions of IH84 and ls^s. and i«re- 
 senteil to both of these conventions he name of 
 Hon. .John Sherman or nomination lor the Presi- 
 dency; in the conventions of 18il2 and 18!i(l .■<erved 
 as L-hairnian of the couimittee on rcsolutionf, and 
 
 lus such reported the platform each time to the con- 
 vention; lucseiited the name of William McKinley 
 to the conventions of ISiKlaml 1900 for nomination 
 to the Presiileiicy; elected I'liited States Senator 
 .lanuary 1.'), 18!i(l, to sue<'ee<l Calvin ."». Hrice, and 
 took his seat -March 4, l.sit7; rwlected .January 15, 
 litOL', to succeed himself. 
 
 Foran, Martin Ambrose, of Cleveland, Ohio, 
 was born at Choconut, Su-s<|uelianna Comity, I'a-, 
 November 11, 1844; receiveil a publii- school and 
 collegiate education; spent two terms in J^t. 
 ■loseph'a College. Sus(|Uenaniia, Pa.; taught school 
 three yeaiv; .served in the Fourth I'eniisylvaiiia 
 Cavalry from April, 18ti4. to .luly, 1.8(15, as private; 
 cooper by traile; a memlH-r of the constitutional 
 convention of ( lliio, 1873; lawyer by profe.ssion, 
 having been admitted. 1874, in the district court 
 of Cincinnati; prosecuting attorney for city of 
 Cleveland from -\pril, 1S75, to .\pril, ls77; elected 
 to the Forty-i'ighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth 
 Congresses as a |)enioi-rat; resumed the practice 
 of law after leaving Congress. 
 
 Forbes. James, was a Delegate from Maryland 
 to the Continental Congress 1778-1780. 
 
 Ford. George, of South Bend, Ind., was born 
 at South Bend, Ind-, January 11, 1840; received a 
 common school education; lawyer bv profession; 
 pro.secuting attorney for ten yeai-s; electeil to the 
 Forty-ninth Congress as a Democrat; after leaving 
 Congre.-'s returned to South l$end, Ind., where he 
 resumed the practice of his profession. 
 
 Ford, James, was a native of Pennsylvania; 
 resided at Law rencevillc, where he lielil several 
 local otliees; elected a Ke|.re-seiitative from that 
 .''^tate to the Tweiity-lirst Congress as a Jackson 
 Democrat, and reelected to the Twenty-second 
 Congress. 
 
 Ford, Melbourne H., was born in Saline, 
 Mich., June 30, 1849; educated at the Michigan 
 .\gricultural College ami at the Ciiited States Naval 
 Academy; served in the Navy during the latter 
 part of the war of the rebellion; studied law; ad- 
 mitted to the bar in 1878 but never eng-aged in the 
 practice; has been otlicial stenographer of several 
 Michigan courts; a member of the Nlichigan legis- 
 lature in 188.5-8(1; electeil to the Fiftieth (.'ongress 
 as a Democrat; died April 21, 1891. 
 
 Ford, Nicholas, of Rochester, Mo., was born 
 in Ireland; emigrated to .\merica in 1848; en- 
 gaged ill mercantile pui-suits at St. Josejih, Mo.; 
 elected to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Con- 
 gresses as a Natitmal. 
 
 Ford, William D., was a native of Providence, 
 R. I.; received a limited education; moved to 
 Jefferson County, N. Y-; a memlier of the State 
 house of representatives of New York in 1810-17; 
 electiil a Repn'seiitative from New York to the 
 Sixteenth Congress; died at Watertown, N. Y. 
 
 Fordney, Joseph Warren, of Saginaw ( West 
 Siile), Mi<li-, wius born in Blackfonl County, Ind., 
 November 5, 18,53; received a common school edu- 
 cation; lived with his (larents on u farm until 16 
 years of age; moved to Saginaw in June, l.S(>9; 
 iK'gan life ill the lumln'r woods, logging and esti- 
 mating pine timber, thus ac>|niriiig a thorough 
 knowledge of the pine laud and IuuiIht iiiclustry; 
 interested in an artiliiial ice plant at Hartford 
 City, Ind.; vice-pn'sident of the .Siginaw Boaiii of 
 Traile; elected aldermnn in 1N9.'> ami R-eleclt-d in 
 18!17; elected to the Fifty-sixth ami Fifty-s«'Venth 
 Coiigressi'S, and reelected to the Fifty-eighth Con- 
 gress as u Republican. 
 
BIOGEAreiES. 
 
 537 
 
 Forester, John B., was a native of Tennessee; 
 reeeiveil a limited education; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Tennessee to the Twenty-third 
 Congress; reelected to the Twenty-fourth Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Forker, Samuel C, was born at Mount Holly, 
 X. ,T,, !March 16, 1821; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; became engaged in the lianking business; 
 director and cashier of the Bcirdentowu Banking 
 Company; elected a Represent^itivefrom Xew Jer- 
 sey to the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Forinan, William S. , of Nashville, 111., was 
 born at Natchez, Miss., January 20, 1847; moved 
 with his fatlier to Nashville in 1851; lawyer by 
 profession; a member of the State senate, thirty- 
 fourth and thirty-fifth general assemblies; elected 
 to theFifty-hrst Congress as a Democrat, and re- 
 elected to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Con- 
 gresses; after leaving Congress he moved to East 
 St. Louis, where he resumed the practice of his 
 profession. 
 
 Fornanee, Joseph, was born at Norristown, 
 Fa.; received a public school education; held sev- 
 eral local othces; elected a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Twenty-sixth Congress as a 
 Demot-rat; reelected to the Twentv-seventh Con- 
 
 Forney, Daniel M., was born in Lincoln 
 County, N. C, in May, 1784; served in the war of 
 1812 as major; held several local offices; elected a 
 Representative from North Carolina to the Four- 
 teenth Congress; reelected to the Fifteenth Con- 
 gress, but resigned in 1818; a]>pointed by Presi- 
 dent ^lonroe as a commissioner to treat with the 
 Creek Indians; a member of the State senate of 
 North Carolina in 1823, 1824, 1825, and 1826; 
 moved to Alabama in 1834 and located in Lowndes 
 County, where he died in October, 1847. 
 
 Forney, Peter, was born in Lincoln County, 
 N. C, in Apiril, 1756; received a pul)lic school 
 education; served in the Revolutionary war; be- 
 came a manufacturer; a member of the house of 
 commons of North Carolina in 1794, 1795, and 
 1796, and of the State senate in 1801 and 1802; 
 elected a Representative from North Carolina to 
 the Thirteenth Congress; Presidential elector on 
 the Jefferson ticket in 1809, on the Madisi;)n ticket 
 in 1813, the Monroe ticket in 1817, and the Jack- 
 son tickets 1825 and 1829; died at his country 
 liome known as "Mount Welcome," Lincoln 
 County, N. C, February 1, 1834. 
 
 Forney, "William Henry, was born at Lin- 
 colnton, N. C., November 9, 1823; received a clas- 
 sical education, graduating from the University of 
 Alabama in 1844; served in the war with Mexico 
 .as a first lieutenant in the First Regiment of 
 .\labama Volunteers; studied law; admitted to the 
 bar in 1S48 and practiced; elected by the legisla- 
 ture of Alaliama a trustee of the University of 
 Alabama, and served 1851-1860; a member of the 
 State house of representatives of Alabama 1859-60; 
 entered the Confederate army at the commence- 
 ment of hostilities in 1861 as captain and was 
 successively promoted major, lieutenant-colonel, 
 colonel, and brigadier-general; surrendered at Ap- 
 pomattox Court-Iiouse; a meud)er of the State 
 senate of Alabama 1865-66, serving until the State 
 was reconstructed; elected a Representatix'e from 
 Alabama to the Forty-fourth, Forty-tifth, Forty- 
 sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, 
 Fiftieth. Fitty-tirst, and Fifty-second Congresses as 
 a Democrat; died January 17, 1894. 
 
 Forrest, Thomas, was born at Philadelphia, 
 Pa.; received a public school education; elected a 
 Representative from I'ennsylvania to the Sixteenth 
 Congress; defeated for reelection to the Seven- 
 teenth Congress at the regular election, but was 
 subsequently elected to the Seventeenth Congress 
 to fill out the unexpired term of William ^lilnor, 
 resigned, and served from December 2, 1.S22, to 
 March 3, 1823; died at Philadelphia, Marcli 20, 
 1825. 
 
 Forrest, Uriah, was born in St. ilarys County, 
 Md., in 1756; received a limited education; served 
 as a private in the Revolutionary war; wounded 
 at the battle of Germantown, and hist a leg at the 
 battle of Brandywine; a Delegate from Maryland 
 to the Continental Congress 1786-87; elected a 
 Representative from Maryland to the Tliird Con- 
 gress, serving from December 2, 1793, to November 
 8, 1794, when he resigned; died near Georgetown, 
 D. C, in April, 1805. 
 
 Forsyth, John, was born at Fredericksburg, 
 Va., October 22, 1780; graduated from Princeton 
 College in 1799; moved to Augusta, Ga., with his 
 fatiier; studied law, and in 1802 admitted to the 
 bar; began practicing at Augusta; attorney-general 
 of Geoi-gia in 1808; elected a Representative from 
 Georgia to the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat; 
 reelected to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Con- 
 gresses, serving from !May 24, 1813, to November 
 23, 1818, when he was elected a United States 
 Senator; resigned February 15, 1819, having been 
 appointed minister to Spain, serving until March 
 2, 1823; elected a Representative from Georgia to 
 the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses; again 
 elected a United States Senator from Georgia (in 
 place of J. Macj^herson Berrien, resigned), and 
 served from December 8, 1829, to June 27, 1834, 
 when he resigned, having been appointed Secretary 
 of State by President Jackson; reajipointed by 
 President Van Buren; died at AVashington, D. C, 
 October 21, 1841. 
 
 Forsythe, Albert P., of Isabel, 111., was born 
 at New Richmond, Ohio, May 24, 1830; educated 
 in the common schools and at Asbury L^niversity; 
 raised on a farm; farmer by occupation; served 
 in the Union Army as first lieutenant; elected 
 master of the Illinois State Grange of the Patrons 
 of Husbandi-y in December, 1875, and reelected 
 January, 1878; elected to the Forty -sixth Congress 
 as a National; after expiration of hia term in Con- 
 gress he moved to Kansas. 
 
 Fort, GreenburyL. , of Lacon, 111., was born 
 at French Grant, Scioto County, Ohio, October 11, 
 1825; moved with his parents to Illinois in .\pril, 
 1834; admitted to tlie bar and practiced law; an 
 ofiicer in the Union Army from April 22. 1861, to 
 March 24, 1866; elected to the Forty-third, Forty- 
 fourth, Forty-fifth, and Forty-sixth Congresses as a 
 Republican; died at Lacon, 111., January 13, 1883. 
 
 Fort, Tomliuson, was born in Warren County, 
 Ga., July H, 1787; received a liberal education; 
 studied medicine, and in 1810 began practicing; 
 served several years as a meud)er of the Georgia 
 State legislatm-e; elected a Representative from 
 that State to the Twentieth Congress on a general 
 ticket; after leaving Congress resumed the practice 
 of medicine; chosen pr.^'sident of the State Bank 
 of Georgia in 1832 and held that position until his 
 death, which occurred at Milledgeville, Mav 11, 
 1859. 
 
 Forward, Chauncey, was born in 1793 at Old 
 Granby, Cimn.; moved with bis father to Ohio in 
 ISOO; receivetl a classical education; stutlied law, 
 
538 
 
 CONOKESSIONAL UIKKCTORY. 
 
 ami in 1S17 !iilinitto<l to tho l)ar at PittflmrK, I'a.; 
 bi'jian pnu'ticiii}; at Siiiiu'rsot, I'a.; wrvt-d in both 
 l)i-an<licM (if llie lVnn^<ylvania State Ictiislatnrt'; 
 electwl a HoprcsentHtivi' from rcnnsylvania to tlie 
 Nineteenth t'dnjrres" ( in phu'eoi AlexandfiThoMi- 
 con, resigiU'il I a.-" a Democrat: reelecteil to llie 
 Twentieth ami Twenty-first ('on};re.>is<?.<; a|iiiiiinteil 
 iirothonularv and ivconler ot Sonieix't t'ounlv 
 in 1S.U: died at Somerset, I'a., Octoljer l!i, IKJSi. 
 
 Forward, Walter, was born in Ojnneetieut in 
 17.SG; received a liberal education; moved to Pitt."- 
 biir;;. Pa., in ISO.'!; studied law, and in l.stXi ad- 
 niittt'il to the bar; elcited a Kepre.-ientative Irom 
 Pennsylvania to the Seventeenth C'on^re.s-i (in 
 place ot Henry ISaldwin, resiirneil), as a Demo- 
 crat; reelecteil to the Kijihteenth ('on};re.«s; a del- 
 egate to the ."^tate constitntional convention in 
 1»37: appointed by I'resident Harrison KiiB 
 Coni]>trolier ot the Treasmy. .\prilt>, 1S41, servinj; 
 nnfil Seiitember i;!, 1S41, when he was ajipointcd 
 Secretary of the Treasury by President Tyler, 
 which )iositiim he held until March 1, 1S4:>; re- 
 sun ie<l the practice of law; api minted by President 
 Tavlor charjic d'affaires to J lenmark, serving; from 
 No'vendierS, 1841t, to October 10, bS,Tl; returned 
 to serve as ]iresiilent jiidjie of the district court of 
 Allej;henv<'ountv: ilie.l at Pittsburg, Pa., Novem- 
 ber 24, 1S.52. 
 
 Fosdick, Nicoll, was born at New ]-ondon, 
 Conn., NovtMuber it, 1785; received a liberal edu- 
 Ciition ; moved to Norway, N. Y.; a Presiilential 
 elector on the Monroe ticket in 1S16; a member 
 of the State house of repre.-^entatives in ISIS and 
 ISIO; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Nineteenth Coujiress as a Whif;; returned to 
 New l^ondon in lS4.'i, and was collector nf customs 
 there lS4!i-lS."i:): died at New l/mdon May 7, IStiS. 
 
 Foss, George Edmund, of Chicago, was born 
 at P.erkshire. Franklin t'ounty, Vt., .Inly 2, ISO:!; 
 graduated from Harvard College in I S8."i; attend- 
 e<l the Columbia l,aw ."school and School of Po- 
 litical Scieiue in New York City, and graduated 
 from the Union College of \ai\\ of Chicago in ISMt, 
 receiving the degree of LL. ]!.; adndtte<l to the bar 
 the same vear and began the jiractice of law in 
 Chicago; elected to the Kifty-fourth Congress; re- 
 elected to the Fifty-lifth, Fifty-sixth, Pi fty-seventh, 
 and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Kejiidilican. 
 
 Foster, Abiel, was born at Andover, Mass., 
 Augusts. 17:'.">; graduated from HarvanI College in 
 17.'i(i; studied theology; ordained over the Congre- 
 gational Church at Canterbury, N. H., in 17i>l, and 
 remained its ndnister tnitil 1770; a Delegate froin 
 New Hamjishiie to the Continental Congress 
 17S3-17S4; elected a Representative from New 
 liami>shire to the First Congress; president of the 
 Stale senate of New Hampshire, 170::-I704; elected 
 to the Fourth Congre.<s. and reelected to the Fifth, 
 Sixth, and Seventh Congresses; died at Canter- 
 bury, N. H., February •>, IHOtj. 
 
 Foster, Addison G., of Taconia. Wash., was 
 born at P.i'Icbcrtowii, .Mass., .lanuary 'JS, l,s:i7; 
 moved to (Iswego, Kendall County, 111., where he 
 ri-<'eived a good conunon school education, and 
 started out in life by teaching school, linally set- 
 tling at Wabasha, .^linn.. and engaging in the 
 grain ami real estate business; served as countv 
 aiitlitor and county surveyor, one term in eacli 
 position; moved to St. Paul. Minn., in 1S7;!, and 
 engaged extensively in lumbering, contracting. 
 and the fuel-supply trade; had extensive iundn'r, 
 coal, i-oke, (lacking hou.'^e. ami shipping interests 
 in W.Hsbington; he ami his business a.^^sociates sent 
 the chief products of Washington throughout the 
 
 I'nited .^tates by rail, and by sail and steam ves- 
 sels throughout the world; elected to the I'nitiil 
 States Senate, as a Kepubliean, to succeed ,Iolin 
 I,. WiNon, Republican. 
 
 Foster, A. Lawrence, resided at Morrisville, 
 N. Y.; received a public school «M|niation; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the Twenty- 
 seventh Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Foster, Charles, was born in .'^enei'a County, 
 Ohio, April 11', l.S'.'S; received an academic educa- 
 tion; engaged in the banking bnsine.«s; elected a 
 Representative from Ohio to the Forty-si-cond, 
 Forty-thiril, Forty-fourth, and Forty-fifth Con- 
 gre-s-ics as a Republican. 
 
 Foster, David Johnson, of P.urlington, Vt., 
 was born in Hariict. Caledonia'County, Vt., .lune 
 L'7, 1S.")7; graduateil from the St. .lohnsbury Acail- 
 emy, St. .lohnsbury, Vt.. in lS7(i, and from Dart- 
 mouth College in ISSO; a<lmittcil ti> the bar in 
 ISS:!; iii-o.-iecuting attorney of Chittenden County 
 
 ISStl-lsiHl; State senator fr Chittemlen County 
 
 1802-1.804: coiumissioner of State taxes 1804-189S; 
 chairman of the board of railroad commissioners 
 I898-UK)0; elected to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty- 
 eighth Congress jis a Rebublican. 
 
 Foster, Dwight, was born at BrooklicM, Miiss., 
 December 7, 17.'>7; reieiveil a lil)eral education aiul 
 in 1774 graduated from the Brown University; 
 studieil law ami admitted to the bar; high 
 sheriff of Worcester County: justice of the court 
 of common pleas and afterwards chief ju.-^tice; 
 served in both branches of the State legislature; 
 elected a Reiiresentative from Ma.«sacliusett.s to 
 the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Congre.s.-ies as a Fed- 
 erali.<t; a delegate to the State constitutional con- 
 vention in 1700; elected a United States Senator 
 from Mas.^achu.-'etts (in place of Samuel Itexter, 
 resigned), .serving from .lune ti, 1800, to March '.i, 
 ISO:!; die.1 at Brookfield, Mass., April 2S», 182:!. 
 
 Foster, Ephraim H., was born alxint 170.5; 
 received a liberal education; studied law and ad- 
 mitted to the bar; began practicing at Nashville, 
 Tenn.; ajipointol a Unitetl States Senator from 
 Tennessee (in ]ilace of Felix Orundy, resigned) 
 as a Whig, serving from December .'!, 18;!8, to 
 March li, 18;!0, when he resigned because he would 
 not obey instructions given him by the State leg- 
 islature; elected a I'nited Stales Senator from Teii- 
 ne.-'set', and served from December 4. IS4.'i, to March 
 :!, 1.S4."); defeatecl as the Whig candidate for gov- 
 ernor; died at Nashville, Tenn., Septeml>er4, 18.54. 
 
 Foster, George P., of Chicago, 111., was iHirn 
 at Dover. N. .1., .\|iril ;i, l.'^dO; came to Chicago 
 when 7 years of age, where heattemled the ]iublie 
 schools and also tookacourseof instruction at tho 
 old University of Chicago; graduateil from Union 
 College of Ijiw of Chicag<i in 1.8S2; ailmitted to the 
 bar the .•<ame vearand began the practii-e of law in 
 Chicago; on tlie re<'oinmendatioii of the judges of 
 the lircuit. superior, comity, and probate courts of 
 Cook County in b'^OI, be was nominated by (iov- 
 eriior .lo.<cph W. Fifer ami conlirmed by the.*<talo 
 senate, and, after conlirniali!in, was eommissioiieil 
 justice of the peace for the town of South Chicago; 
 while acting as justice of the peace he also acted, 
 under the appointments of Mayors Washbiirne, 
 Harrison, sr., Ho|ikins. and Harrison, jr.. as |Hilii-e 
 magistrate of the principal police court of tin- city 
 of Chicago; noininateil Presidential elector on 
 Demoi-nilic tickt^t in 1.8!l(>, but resigneil in order to 
 |X'rinit a fusion between Democratic and People's 
 parties; eh-cted totlie Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh 
 Congresses as a Demoi-rat. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 339 
 
 Foster, Henry A., was born at Hartford, 
 Conn., May 7. 1800; moved to Cazenoyia, N. Y., 
 when (jnite a buy; received a common whool edu- 
 cation; studied law, and in ls:22 admitted to the 
 bar; a memlier of the State senate from 1S31 to 
 18:M and from 1841 to 1844; elected a Representa- 
 tive from New York to the Twenty-tifth Congress 
 as a Democrat; appointed a United States Senator 
 from New York (in the place of Silas Wright, jr., 
 resigned), serving from l)eceml:)er 9, 1844, to Jan- 
 uary 27, 1847; elected judge of the fifth district of 
 the supreme court NovendjerS, 1863, serving imtil 
 November, 1869; senior member and president of 
 the board of trustees of Hamilton College; vice- 
 jiresident of the Anjerican Colonization Society; 
 died at Rome, N. Y., May 12, 1889. 
 
 Foster, Henry Donnel, was born at Mercer, 
 Pa., Decendier 19, 1812; received a clas.sical educa- 
 tion; studied law and admitted to the bar; elected 
 a Rejiresentative from Pennsylvania to thcTwenty- 
 eighth Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the 
 Twenty-ninth Congress; member of the State 
 house of representatives 1846 and 1847; defeated 
 as the Democratic candidate for governor of 
 Pennsylvania in 1860; defeated for election to the 
 Forty-first Congress; elected a Representative to 
 the Forty-second Congress. 
 
 Foster, Lafayette S., was born at Franklin, 
 Conn., November 22, 1806; received a classical 
 education and graduate<l from Brown ITniversity 
 ill 1828; studied law, and admitted to the bar 
 at Centerville, Md., in 1830, and also at Norwich, 
 Conn., where he began practicing; moved to 
 Hampton in 1833, but returned to Norwich in 
 183-5; a member of the State legislature in 1839, 
 1840, 1846-1848, and in 1854; served three years as 
 speaker of the house; defeated as the Whig can- 
 didate for governor in 1850 and 1851; defeated for 
 the United States Senate in 1851; mayor of Nor- 
 wich in 1851 and 18-52; elected a United States 
 Senator from Connecticut as a Republican; re- 
 elected, serving from 18-55 to ilareh 3, 1867, acting 
 as President pro tempore of the Senate for a short 
 time; elected professor of law at Yale College in 
 1869; a judge of the supreme court of Connecticut 
 in 1870-1876; defeated as the Democratic candi- 
 date for the Forty-fourth Congress; died at Nor- 
 wich, Conn., September 19, 1880. 
 
 Foster, Murphy J., of Franklin, was born at 
 Franklin, La., .lanuary 12, 1849; after the civil 
 war, attended preparatory school at Whites Creek, 
 near Nashville, Tenn., for two years; from there 
 went to Washington and Lee College fi jr the session 
 of 1867 anil 1.S6S; from Washington and Lee, went 
 to Cumberlanil University, Lebanon, Tenn., and 
 graduated there in 1870; attended the law school 
 of Tulane Vnivensity, New (!)rleans, graduating in 
 1871; elected member <if the John ]\lcEnery legis- 
 lature in 1872, but owing to the fact that this gov- 
 ernment was never recognized and the Kellogg 
 government was, did not take his seat; elected a 
 member of the senate of the State of Louisiana in 
 1879 under tlie constitution of that year, auil was 
 returned for three consecutive terms of four yi'ars 
 each; elected president pro tempore of tlie senate 
 in 1,888-1890; led the antilottery tight in the legis- 
 lature in 1890, and in 1892 was nominated by the 
 antilottery convention as candidate for governor; 
 elected for four years, and in 1896 was nominated 
 to be his own successor and again elected; at the 
 end of eight years in the governor's office, was 
 unanimously elected to the United States Senate 
 as a Democrat to succeed Hon. Donelson Caffery, 
 I>eniocrat, and took his seat March 4,, 1901. 
 
 Foster, Nathaniel G. , was born in Greene 
 County, Ga., August 25, 1809; received a classical 
 education and graduated from Franklin College in 
 1829; studied law an.l admitted to the bar in 1831; 
 began practicing at Madison, Ga. ; served in both 
 houses of the State legislature; for three years 
 solicitor-general of the ( )cniulgee circuit ; elected a 
 Representative from Georgia to the Thirty-fourth 
 Congress as an American. 
 
 Foster, Stephen C, was born at Machias, Me., 
 December 24, 1799; received a public school edu- 
 cation; learned the blacksmith trade and became 
 a shipliuilder; member of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives 1834-1837; president of the State senate 
 in 1840; again elected to the State house of repre- 
 sentatives in 1847; elected a Representative from 
 Maine to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Con- 
 gresses as a Republican. 
 
 Foster, Theodore, was born at Brookfield, 
 Mass., April 29, 1752 (oldstyle); received a classical 
 education and graduated from the Rhode Island 
 College (now Brown University) in 1770 and from 
 Dartmouth College in 1786; studied law and admit- 
 ted to the bar; began practicing at Providence, 
 R. I.; member of the state house of reiiresenta- 
 tives 1776 to 1782; town clerk of Providence for 
 many years; appointed judge of the court of admi- 
 ralty in May, 1785; elected a United States Senator 
 from Rhode Island and twice reelected, serving 
 from December 7, 1790, until March 3, 1803; mem- 
 ber of the state house of reiiresentatives 1812-1816 
 from the town of l^'oster, which was named after 
 him; anti(|uarian student, and started a history of 
 Rhcxle Island which was never completed; died at 
 Providence, January 13, 1828. 
 
 Foster, Thomas F. , was born at Greensboro, 
 Ga., November 23, 1790; received a classical educa- 
 tion, graduating from Franklin College in 1812; 
 studied law at the Litchfield Law School; admitted 
 to the bar in 1816 and began iiracticing at Greens- 
 boro; member of the state house of representa- 
 tives; elected a Representative from (ieorgia to 
 the Twenty-first Congresses as a Democrat on a 
 
 j general ticket; reelected to the Twenty-second and 
 Twenty-third Congresses on a general ticket; 
 defeated for the Twenty-fourth Congress; elected 
 to the Twentv-seventh Congress, serving from ^lay 
 31, 1841, to March 3, 1843; died at Columbus, Ga., 
 in 1.847. 
 
 ) 
 
 j Foster, Thomas J., was a Representative from 
 
 j Alabama to the First and Sec<ind Confederate Con- 
 gesses; his political disabilities being removed by 
 President Johnson, he was eleited a Representa- 
 tive from Alabama to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
 but his ci-eilentials after being presented to the 
 House January 10, 1867, were not acted upon. 
 
 Foster, Wilder D. , was born in Orange County, 
 N. Y.. January 8, 1819; received a common school 
 education; moved to Michigan in 1837; tinner's 
 apprentice; carried on the hardware business at 
 Grand Rapids in 1845; city treasurer and alder- 
 man, and elected as mayor in 1854; elected a State 
 senator in 1855 and 18.56; again mayor of Ixrand 
 Rapids in 1865 and 1866; elected a Representative 
 from Michigan to the Forty-second Congress as a 
 I Republican in April, 1871, vice Thomas W. Ferry, 
 elected to the United States Senate. 
 
 ! Fouke, Philip B., was born at Kaskaskia. 111., 
 January 23, 1818; received a public school educa- 
 tion; a civil engineer; established and published 
 the Belleville Advocate in 1841; studieil law and 
 admitted to the bar; prosecuting attorney of the 
 Kaskaskia district 1846-1850; member of the 
 
540 
 
 CONdRKSSIONAI, lUKKiTi iKY 
 
 State liv'i.''latMri> ill 1S.'>1; clt'cteil a RepiHwiiUitive 
 fniiii llliiiuis til tlic Tliirty-Hixth ( '■ inuresis a.-* a 
 l>cmiiirat. and rfclcctcd to tlif Tliirty-«'ventli 
 ('(iiinrfK-i; ccilimcl <if I Hindis volunteer- in lt<(il-(i2; 
 resunietl iirartici- ami iliiil at \Va.<liinnti>n Octolier 
 3, 187(1. 
 
 Fowler, Charles Newell, of Kli/.al>eth, N., .1., 
 was lioiii al Lena, 111., .Xovemlier 1.', 18.^2; (jradii- 
 ate<l Ironi Yale I'niveifity in l87ti and from the 
 Chieasio Law School in 1878; elected to the Kifty- 
 fonrth, Kilty-lilth, I'ifty-sixth, Fiftv-seventh, and 
 Fil'ty-eifilith Conjrresses as a Kepiililican. 
 
 Fowler, John, was born in Virfiinia in 1755; 
 received a ijublic school education and served in 
 the Revolutionary war as captain; moved to J>ex- 
 in);ton, Ky., after the war; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Kentucky to the Fifth Conjiress; re- 
 elected to the Sixth, .Seventh. l",i};hth, and Ninth 
 ('onnre.s.ses; died at Lexintrton, Kv., Aufrust 21', 
 I.S4(). 
 
 Fowler, John Edgar, of Clinton, X. C, was 
 horn on a farm in Sam|ison County, N. C, Septem- 
 ber 8, Lstili; educated in the eonunon schools of 
 the county and at Wake Forest College; taught two 
 years after leaving college; read law at the I'ni- 
 versity (if North Carolina, and admitted tnthe bar 
 in lsir4; formerly a Free-SilverI)emoirat. lint uikui 
 the nondnalinn'of Mr. Cleveland in I.S!I2 left the 
 Itcmocratic and allied himself with the Populist 
 partv; nnminate(l as a Populist for the State senate 
 in 18114, and elected; elected to the Fifty-lifth Con- 
 gress as a Populist. 
 
 Fowler, Joseph Smith, was born at .'■^teuben- 
 ville, (Ijiio, .\ngust :il, 1822; graduated from 
 Franklin College, Ohio, where he was |>rofessor of 
 mathematics for four years; studied law in Ken- 
 tucky, and began practicing in Tennessee; ap- 
 pointed by Governor .lohnson comptroller of 
 Tennessee, and took an active jiart in the recon- 
 struction of the Slate government; elected a United 
 States Senator from that State as a Union Repub- 
 lican, servitig from July 25, 1860, to March 3, 1871. 
 
 Fowler, Orin, was born at Lebanon, Conn., 
 .Inly 2!i, 17!U; received a classical education and 
 graduated from Yale College in 1815; studied 
 theology; after performing an extensive mi.ssion- 
 ary tour in the valley of the IMissLssipjii isettlo'd as 
 a ndnister at Plainlield, Conn., in 1819; moved to 
 Fall River, Mass., in 182!t, where he was pastor 
 for twenty years; si'rve<l several times in both 
 branches of the legislatinv; elected to the Tliirty- 
 hrst Congress as a F'ree-Soil Whig, anil reelected 
 to the Thirtv-seeond Congress, serving until he 
 died, at Washington, D. C, Septendicr 3, 1852. 
 
 Fowler, Samuel, was born near Newburgh, 
 K. Y., <J<toberM(i. 1779; after receiving an academic 
 education studied medicine and commenced jirac- 
 ticingat Iland)urg, N..I.; was electi'd a Represent- 
 ative from that State to theTwenty-third Congre.-s 
 as a ,la<kson Democrat on a general ticket; re- 
 elected to th« Tweiitv-fonrth Congrt'ss; dii-d at 
 Fninklin, N. .1., February 21, 1844. 
 
 Fowler, Samuel, of Newton, N. .1., wa-s born 
 at Franklin, Su.-'sex County, N. .1., March 22, 1.S51; 
 eduiattHl at Ni-wton Collegiate Institute, Princeton 
 College, and Colnndiia Colli'ge Ijiw School; ad- 
 mitted to the bar of New York in l.s73andof New 
 .lersey in 187ti; practiced law in Newark and New- 
 ton, N. J.; cdected to the Fifty-lirst Congn-.-s as 
 a Hemocrat, anil reelected to the Fifty-second 
 CongretEj. 
 
 Fox, Andrew Fuller, of West Point, Clay 
 County, .Mi.ss., was born .\pril 2li, 1849, in Pickena 
 County, .Via.; studied law at ( ireiiada, Miss., in 187(5 
 and 1877; admitted tothebarin 1.S7 7, andeng:iged 
 in the practice of law in Mississippi; a delegate to 
 Ihellemoiratic national convention in l.SS.S; electe<l 
 State senator in 1S91. which position he resignc<l 
 to accept the ollice of United Stales attorney for 
 the northern district of .Mi.s<is.«ip|pi, to which he 
 was ap])f)inted June 27, 1893; resigned the latter 
 office Septend)er 1, 18«t>; elected to the Fifty- 
 lifth, Fifty-sixth, anil Fifty-seventh Congres.»es as 
 a Democrat. 
 
 Fox, John, was born at New Y'ork, June 3t1, 
 1835; after receiving a public school education 
 engaged in mecliani<al pui-suits; served as alder- 
 man and supervisor of New Y'ork City; elected a 
 Repre.sentative from New York to the Fortieth 
 Congress as a Democrat, and reelected to the 
 Forty-first Congress. 
 
 Franchot, Richard, w;l< born at Morris, N. Y'., 
 in 1811); after receiving a public school education 
 and studving civil engineering became interestetl 
 in agricultural )iui-suits, and then in the construc- 
 tion of railroads; served for some years as presi- 
 dent of the Albany and Sustpiehanna Railroad 
 {\impany; elected a Repri-.sentative from New 
 Y'ork to the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Repub- 
 lican; died at .Schenectadv, N. Y., Noveml)er 23, 
 1875. 
 
 Francis, John Brown, was born at Philadel- 
 phia, Pa., May 31, 1794; on the death of his father 
 lie was reared by Nicholas Prown, of Providence, 
 R. L, receiving a classical education and graduated 
 from P.rown University in 18(18; attended the 
 Litchlield Law School; never jiracticed; became 
 interested in agricultural pursuits; secretary of the 
 State agrii'ultural society; a representative from 
 Warwick in the State legislature in 1824, lS2(i- 
 1828, and 1832; elected governor in 18.32 asa Jack- 
 son and .\ntimasonic candidate, serving until 1838; 
 State senator in 1843; chancellor of IJrown Uni- 
 versity 1841-1.8.54; elect<Ml United States Senator 
 (vice William Sprague, resigned), as a I^iw and 
 Order candidate, siTving from F'ebruary 7, 1.844, 
 to March 3, 1.S45; again State senator in 1S47, 1849, 
 and 1852-18.54; dieil at Warwick, R. I., August 9, 
 18(i4. 
 
 Frank, Augustus, was born at Warsaw, N. Y',, 
 .luly 17, lS2(i; received 'a business education anil 
 entered upon a mercantile career; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New Y'ork to the Thirty-sixth 
 Congress as a Republican; reelectei"! to the Thirty- 
 seventh and Thirty-eighth Congres.-ies. 
 
 Frank, Nathan, of St. Louis, Mo., was born at 
 Peoria. 111., February 23, 1.8,52; educated in the|>ul>- 
 lic schools of Peoria and St. Louis, and at Wiush- 
 ington University; graduated from Harvard lj»w 
 School in 1871; author of l-'rank's Pankrupt I.;iw; 
 Repid)licjin nominee for the Fiftieth Congress, and 
 received, according to the face of returns, 7,102 
 votes, against 7,202 votes for ,lohn .M. tilover. 
 Democrat; contested the election on thegroundof 
 fraud on the part of the registration and n-vision 
 otlicer and the suppression of ballots cast; the con- 
 test was decided adversely; ifuominated by the 
 Republicans and Union J^ibor party, and elected 
 to the Fifty-lirst Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Franklin, Benjamin, was born at Boston, 
 Ma.-s. .Ianuar\ 17, 170(1; received a public school 
 education; learned the art of printing, and after 
 working at his trade in Philadelphia an<l London 
 
BIOGKAPHIES. 
 
 541 
 
 established himself at Philadelphia; State printer; 
 postmaster at Philadelphia; a member of the pro- 
 vincial assembly 1744-1754; a member of several 
 Indian commissions; appointed postmaster-general 
 of the British North American colonies; ajjent of 
 Pennsylvania at London; a Delegate to the Conti- 
 nental Congress 1775-76; signed the Declaration 
 of Independence; sent as a diplomatic commis- 
 sioner to France by the Continental Congress 
 1778-1785; governor of Pennsylvania 1785-1788; 
 a delegate to the convention which framed the 
 Federal Constitution; published Poor Richard's 
 Almanac, several works on electricity, and nu- 
 merous political jiamphlets; died at Philadelphia 
 April 17, 1790. 
 
 Franklin, Benjamin J., was a native of Mason 
 County, Ky.; after attending private schools en- 
 tered Bethan}' College, ^'irginia, remaining two 
 years; taught school one year; studie<l law and 
 admitted tn the bar in 1857; began practicing at 
 Leavenworth, Kans. ; moved to Missouri in 1860, 
 and located at Kansas City; entered the Confed- 
 erate army as a private, promoted to captain, and 
 served throughout the war; elected Common- 
 weath attorney for the twenty-fourth judicial 
 circuit of .Missouri in March, 187i; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Missouri to the Forty-fourth 
 Congress as a Democrat, and reelected to the 
 Forty-fifth Congress. 
 
 Franklin, Jesse, was born in Orange County, 
 Va.,AIarch 24, 1760; serve<l as major during the 
 Revolutionary war; a memljer of tlie hiiuse of com- 
 mons of North Carolina in 1794, 1797, and 1798, and 
 of the State senate in IsOSand 1806; a Representa- 
 tive to the Fourth Congress as a Democrat; elected 
 a United States Senator in 1799, serving until 
 March o, 1805; again elected I'nited States Senator 
 in 1807, serving until March 3, 1818; governor of 
 North Carolina 1820-21; died in Surrv Countv, 
 N. C, in September, 1823. 
 
 Franklin, John E.. , was born near Snow Hill, 
 Md., in 1820; received a classical education; grad- 
 uated from Jefferson College in 1836; studied law, 
 was admitted to the bar in 1841 and began prac- 
 tice at Snow Hill, Md.; a member of the State 
 house of representatives 1840-1843 and again in 
 1859, serving as speaker one term; chosen presi- 
 dent of the state board of public works in 1851; 
 elected a Representative from Maryland to the 
 Thirty-third Congress as a Whig; died in Won'es- 
 ter County, ild., January 11, 1878. 
 
 Franklin, Meshach, was born in Surry 
 County, N. C, in 1772; member of the house of 
 commons of that State in 1800, and of the State 
 senate in 1828 and 1829; elected a Representative 
 from North Carolina to the Tenth, Eleventh, 
 Twelfth, and Thirteenth Congresses as a Democrat; 
 died in Surry County, N. C, December 18, 1839. 
 
 Frederick, Benjamin Todd, of Marshalltown, 
 Iowa, was born at Fredericktown, Columbiana 
 County, Ohio, ()ctiiber5, 1834; engaged in manu- 
 facturing; member of the city council of iMarshall- 
 town three terms, and of the school hoard three 
 terms; elected to the Forty-eigbth Congress, but 
 was compelled to contest the seat, which was given 
 to him on the last day of that Congress, March 3, 
 1885; elected to the Forty-ninth Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Freedley, John, was born at Norristnwn, Pa., 
 May 22, 1793; received a publiir school education; 
 worked for some years in a brick yard; studied 
 law; adnutteil to the bar in 1820 and liegan i>rae- 
 tice at Norristown; elected a Representative from 
 
 Pennsylvania to the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig; 
 reelected to tlie Thirty-first Congress; died at 
 Norristown, Pa., Decembers, 1851. 
 
 Freeman, Chapman, was born at Philadel- 
 phia, Pa., October 8, 1832; educated in tlie i>ublic 
 schools; graduated from the Philadelphia High 
 School in 1850; commenced the study of law, but 
 engaged in mercantile pursuits until the break- 
 ing out of the civil war; entered the U. S. 
 Navy as acting assistant jiaymaster in 1863; re- 
 signed on account of poor health in 1864; resumed 
 the study of law and admitted to the bar in 1867; 
 practiceii at Philadelphia; one of the commission- 
 ers on behalf of the centennial fronr the city of 
 Philadelphia to Vienna, Austria, in 1873; elected 
 a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Forty- 
 fourth Congress as a Republican; reelected to the 
 Forty-fifth Congress. 
 
 Freeman, Georg-e C. , served in the Confederate 
 army as a major and lost a leg in action; returned 
 and elected a Representative to the Thirty-ninth 
 Congress, and liis credentials were presented, but 
 he was not admitted. 
 
 Freeman, James C. , wag born in Jones County, 
 Ga., A]iril 1, 1820; received a limited education; 
 planter; opposed to secession; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from tieorgia to the Forty-third Congress 
 as a Rejiublican. 
 
 Freeman, John D., was a native of New Jer- 
 sey; received a common school education; moved 
 to Mississippi and located at Jackson; elected 
 a Representative from that State to the Thirty- 
 second Congress as a Unionist. 
 
 Freeman, Jonathan, was l)orn in New fLirap- 
 
 shire in 1745; received a public school education; 
 executive councilor 1789-1797; over.seer of Dart- 
 mouth College 1793-1808; elected a Representative 
 from New Hampshire to the Fifth and Sixtir Con- 
 gresses; died in 1808. 
 
 Freeman, Nathaniel, was liorn at Dennis, 
 Mass., April 8, 1741; received a lilieral education; 
 studied medicine, p.nd in 1765 began practicing at 
 Sandwich, Mass.; also studied law and admitted 
 to the bar; a colonel in the Revohitionary war; 
 judge of the court of common pleas for Barristable 
 County 1775-1811; brigadier-general of militia 
 1781-1793; elected a Representative from Massa- 
 chusetts to the Fourth and Fifth Congresses; died 
 at Sandwich, Mass., September 20, 1827. 
 
 Freer, Komeo Hoyt, of Harrisville, Ritchie 
 County, W. \'a., was born in Trumliull County, 
 Ohio, November 9, 1846; reared on a farm, aiicl 
 educated in the common schools of Ashtalmla 
 County, (_)hio, where liis parents had moved when 
 he was 3 years old; served in the I'nion Army 
 during the war as a private; located at Charleston, 
 W. Va., in ]\Iarch, 1866; taughtschool and studied 
 law, and admitted to tlie bar in 1868; assistant 
 prosecuting attorney c:>f Kanawha County 1868- 
 1871, and prosecuting attorney of the same county 
 1871-1873; Grant elector in 1872; consul to Nicar- 
 agua until 1877; moved to Ritchie County in 1882; 
 Blaine elector in 1884; mendier of the legislature 
 in 1891; prosecuting attorney of Ritchie County 
 1892-1897; elected judge of tlie fourth judicial cir- 
 cuit in 1896; elected to the Fifty-sixth Congress 
 as a Republican. 
 
 Frelinghuysen, Frederick, \\as l)orn in Som- 
 erset County, N. J., April 13, 1753; graduated from 
 Princeton College in 1770; studied law and ad- 
 ndtted to the bar; Delegate from New Jei-sey to 
 the Continental Congress in 1775, 1778-79, "and 
 
542 
 
 rONORESSKiNAI, 1)1 KKCli 'UV. 
 
 17S2; cerved in the Kevuliitiniiary warns captain 
 anil colonel, and in 17!tO aippointiMl \>y President 
 \Vasliinj;ti>n lirijiadier-yeneral in the campaign 
 a^'uinst the\Vi>stern Indians; elected I'niled States 
 Senator frnni New .lersey as a Kederalist, servinj; 
 from December 'J. ITli.!, to ITlMi. when he resigned: 
 died April 18, 1S()4. 
 
 Frelinghuysen, Frederick Theodore, was 
 born at Millstone. N. .1.. Ansinst 4. ISIT; t.'radu- 
 ated from Knt^'ersC'olle;:ein IS'M>; studied law, and 
 in \KVi> ailinitted to the bar; a delepite to the 
 peace congress in l.siil ; appointed attorney-general 
 of New Jersey in l.Slil; rea]»pointed in ISIili; ap- 
 pointed I'nited States Senator from New .Jersey as 
 a Republican (to till a vacancy caused bv the 
 death of William Wri^dit), and elected tn lill the 
 unexpireil term, serving from December :!, l.H(ili, 
 to March :!, ISWl; ajipointcd minister to Kngland 
 by Presiilent (irant in ,T\dy, 1S70, in place of. I. L. 
 Motley; confirmed, after consideralile opposition 
 l)y Senators Sumner and Wilson, but declineil the 
 appointment; again elected to the United States 
 Senate and served six years; after leaving the 
 Senate resumed the ]iractice of law: apiiointed 
 Secretary of State tnider President Arthur, which 
 po.sition he helil until the close of that Administra- 
 tion; died at Newark, N. J., May 20, 18S.=S. 
 
 Freling-huysen. Theodore (son of Krederick 
 Frelinghuysen ), was born at Millstone, N. .1.. 
 March 2S, 17S7; received aclassical echu'ation. and 
 graduated from Princeton College in 1S()4; studied 
 law. and admitted to the bar in ISOS; began prac- 
 tice at Newark, N. J.; served as captain of volmi- 
 teer militia in the war of 1.H12 against (ireat 
 Hritain; attorney -general of New.lersey I<si7-182ii; 
 defeated for election as United States Senator in 
 1826 by K. Kateman, who secured his election by 
 voting for himself; elected to the Ignited States 
 Senate as an Adams Republican, serving from 
 .Marc-h 4, 1S29, mitil March 8, 1S3;?; mavor of 
 Newark, N. J.. l.S.{7-3.S; chancellor of the New 
 York University 18:i!t-l,'<.50; defeated a.s the Whig 
 candidate fur Vice-Pre.sident in 1844; president of 
 the American Rible Society, the American Board 
 of Foreign Missions, the American Tract .Society, 
 anil the American Temperance Union, and prom- 
 inently connected with several like organizations; 
 (iresident of Rutgers College from 18.")0 until his 
 death; died in New Brunswick, N. J., April 12, 
 18ti2. 
 
 Fremont, John Charles, was l)orn at Savan- 
 nah, (ia.. Jaiuiary 21. isi:!; after receiving aclas- 
 sical education, graduated from the Charleston Col- 
 lege in iX'.W; instructor in niathematiis in U. S. 
 Navy l.H.'W-18:{.i; civil engineer, becoming an 
 assistant of Nicollet in 1838-.39, exploring the 
 territory Ix'tween the Mis-souri River and the 
 northern boundary of the Unite<l States; ap|>ointe(l 
 second lieutenant uf topographical engineers of 
 the U. S. Arniv. .Inly 7, 1S;{8; commenced in 1842 
 his explorations and surveys for an overland route 
 from the Mississippi to the Pacific Ocean; major 
 of a baltalii>n of California volunteers in 1846; 
 aiipointed lieutcnant-colunel of I'nited States 
 Aloinited Rilles in 184t)and ordered to act as gov- 
 ernor of California by Connnodore Stockton, at 
 that time commamling the United States .squadron 
 at San Kram-isco; ( ieneral Kearny. U. S. Army, 
 reviiked this order and placed him undiT arrest 
 fur mutiny; tried by court-martial at Washington, 
 foimd guilty, and (lardoned by President I'olk, 
 but n'signed; crossed the <-ontinent in 1848; 
 located in California on the Mariposa grant; com- 
 missioner t" run the boundary linebetHcen United 
 States and Mexico in 184(1; elected United Slates 
 
 Senator from California as a Free Soil Democrat, 
 serving from Septemlx-r 10, 18.50, to March U, 
 is.'il; crossi'd the ciintinent in ls.i3 for tin- lifth 
 time; clefeated in l,8.")(iiis the Republican candiilate 
 for President by .lames Biulianan, Democrat; vis- 
 ited Kurope in 1860; appointed major-general of 
 voluntiHTS by President Lincoln May 14. 18I>1, 
 being ])laced in command of tin' Western Military 
 District, whence he was removed Dec'endier 2, 
 1861 ; appointed to command the Momitain Dejiart- 
 ment February 10. 1862; resigned in 186:!; agsiin 
 nominated fcir President by the Cleveland ((inven- 
 tion in lS(i4; pidilisbeil rn'moiit's Kxplorations in 
 l.H."i9 and many acciiunts of his eX|Hilitions; guv- 
 ernoriif Arizona Territory 1878-1881; die<lat New 
 York City .Inly 13, 1890.' 
 
 French, Carlos, of Seymoin\ Coini., was born 
 at Ilumphreysville (now Seymour), Conn., August 
 t), l.S:i"i; educated at General Ru.ssell's school. New 
 Haven, Conn.; engaged in the manufacturing busi- 
 ness; member of the Connecticut house of repre- 
 sentatives 1860 and 1868; elected to the Fiftieth 
 Congress its a Democrat; died April 14, l!t03. 
 
 French, Ezra B., was a native of New Hamp- 
 shire; received an academic e(lncation; moved to 
 Damariscotta. Me.; secretary of .*»tate of Maine; 
 elected a Repre.s<Mitative from Maine to the Thirty- 
 sixth Congress; appciinted .S'cond Auditor of the 
 Treasury. August :!, 1S61, by President Lincoln, 
 andcontinueci iluring the .Vdministrationsof Presi- 
 dents .Tohnson, (irant, and Hayes. 
 
 French, John R., was born at (iilmanton, 
 N. H., May 2s, islit; learned the printer's trade; 
 live years imblisber and associate editor of the 
 New Hampshire Statesman, at Concord; two years 
 editor of the Kilstern .lonrnal. at Biddeford, Me.; 
 moved to Lake County, Ohio, in 18.54, becoming 
 editor of the Telegrapfi, the Press, and in 1.S.56 of 
 the Cleveland .Morning Leader; nieml>er of the 
 State legislature 18.58 and 1,S.59: appointed by Sec- 
 retary Cha.'^e in the Treasury Department at Wit-^h- 
 ington in 1861; ajijiointed by President Lincoln in 
 K8ti4 on the board of direct-tax conunissioners for 
 the State of North Carolina; delegate to the State 
 constitutional convention of North Carolina in 
 1.S67; elected a Repre.-^entalive from North Carolina 
 to the Fortieth Congress as a Repiddican. serving 
 froni.luly6, 1.868,to^rarch:!. 1869; elected Serpeant- 
 at-.\rms (if the United Slates Senate in Decenilier, 
 1870, and held the ollice inne years; appointed 
 secretary of the Ute Comnussion in .Inly. 1880; 
 moved to Boise City, Idaho, becoming editor of 
 the Boise City Sun; "died at Boise.Citv, October 2, 
 1890. 
 
 French, Richard, was a native of Kentucky; 
 received a ]iid)lic school e(lucation; studied law; 
 admitted to the barand iK'gan practicing at Mount 
 Sterling; a judge of the circuit court; niemlier of 
 the Slate legislature in 1820 and 1822; Presidential 
 elector on the .lackson and \'an Buren ticket in 
 1829; elected a Rei>resentative from Kentucky to 
 the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat; de- 
 feate(l for the Twenly-tifth Congress; elected to 
 the Twenty-eighth and Thirtieth Congre.sses. 
 
 Frick, Henry, was born at Northumberland, 
 Pa., in 1795; ((lucated at the public schools; ap- 
 prenticed to a printer in I'hiladelphia; served m 
 the war of 1812: located at Milton. Pa., in 1816, 
 establishing a political journal, with which he was 
 connected for over twenty years; memlK-r of the 
 .*^lale house of n'presentalives 1828-1.S31; electe(l a 
 Representative from Penn.sylvania to the Twenty- 
 eighth Congress as a Whig, serving until March 1, 
 1.S44, when he died, at Washington, 1). C. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 543 
 
 Fries, George, was a native of Pennsylvania 
 and I'lluoated in the public schooli?; studied med- 
 i<'ine and practiced at Ilanoverton, Ohin; elected 
 a Represientative from Ohio to the Twenty-ninth 
 Congress; reelected to the Thirtieth Congress; died 
 November 13, 1866. 
 
 Fromentin, Elig-ius, ^as born in France; re- 
 ceived a classical education; studied law; admitted 
 to the bar and practiced at New Orleans; United 
 States Senator from Lnuisiana from Jlay 24, 1813, 
 to ilarch 3, 1819; appointed judge of the criminal 
 court at New Orleans in 1821; a])pointed United 
 States district judge for the district of Florida in 
 January, 1822, but soon resigned and resumed the 
 practice of law at New Orleans; his wife died of 
 yellow fever and he also died within twenty-four 
 hours at New Orleans October 6, 1822; publisher 
 of Observations on a Bill respecting Land Titles 
 in Orleans. 
 
 Frost, George, was born at Newcastle, N. H., 
 
 April 26, 1720; educated in the public schools; 
 entered the countinghouse of his uncle at Kittery 
 Point, near Portsmouth; followed the sea as super- 
 cargo and captain for twenty years; returneil to 
 Newcastle in 1760, and in 1770 moved to Durham; 
 judge of the court of common pleas of Strafford 
 County 1773-1791, part time chief justice; Dele- 
 gate from New Hampshire to the Continental Con- 
 gress 1777-1779; executive councilor 1781-1784; 
 died at Durham, N. H., June 21, 1796. 
 
 Frost, Joel, was a native of Westchester County, 
 N. Y. ; educated in the public schools; member of 
 the lower branch of the State legislature 1806-1810; 
 moved to Schenectady; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Eighteenth Congress. 
 
 Frost, Richard Graiiam, of St. Louis, Mo., 
 was born there Deceml.ier 29, 1851; educated at 
 St. John's College, New York, and London Uni- 
 versity, England; .studied law at the St. Louis Law 
 School; lawyer Ijy profession; Democratic candi- 
 date from the Third district of ilissouri for Rep- 
 resentative to the Forty-fifth Congress, and con- 
 tested the seat of Lyne S. Metcalfe, Repulilican; 
 elected to the Forty-sixth C'ongress as a Democrat; 
 reelected to the Forty-seventh Congress; unseated 
 l:)y Sessinghaus, who took bis seat ^larch 2, 1883. 
 
 Frost, Rufus S., was born at Marlboro, N. H., 
 July IS, 1S26; moved to Boston, Mass., in 1833, 
 where he attended the iniblic schools; entered 
 upon a mercantile career, in which he became quite 
 prominent; mayor of Clielsea in 1S67 and 1868; 
 member of the State senate in 1871 and 1872, and 
 of the governor's council 1873 and 1874; elected 
 on the face of the returns a Representative from 
 Massachusetts to tlie Forty-fourth Congress and 
 served until July 28, 1876, when he was unseatecl 
 by J. <T. Abbott, Democrat; president of the 
 National Association of Woolen Mamifacturers for 
 seven years, of the Boston Board of Trade for two 
 years, and of the New P^ngland Conservatory of 
 Music for eight years; well known iihilanthropist; 
 delegate to the national Repuljlican convention in 
 1892; died at Chicago, 111., March 6, 1894. 
 
 Fry, Jacob, jr., was a native of Pennsylvania 
 and attended the public schools; resided at Fry- 
 burg, Clarion Cbunty; elected a Representative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Twenty-fourth atid 
 Twenty-tifth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Fry, Joseph, jr. , was a native of Pennsylvania, 
 and resideil at Kryburg, Clarion County; electe(l 
 a Representative fi-cmi Pennsylvania to the Twen- 
 tieth and Twenty-first Congresses. 
 
 Frye, "William Pierce, of Lewiston, Me., was 
 born there September 2, 1831; graduated from 
 Bowdoin College, ^Nlaine, 18.50; studied and prac- 
 ticed law; member of the State legislature in 1861, 
 1862, and 1867; mayor of the city of Lewiston 
 in 1866 and 1867; attorney-general of the State 
 of :Maine 1867-1869; elected a member of the 
 national Republican executive committee in 1872 
 and reelected in 1876 and 1880; elected a trustee 
 of B(jwdoin College in June, 18S0; received the 
 degree of LL. D. from Bates College in July, 1881, 
 and the same degree from Bowdoin College in 
 1889; Presidentiarelector in 1864; delegate to the 
 national Rej)ublican conventions in 1872, 1876, and 
 1880; elected chairman of the Republican State 
 committee of Maine in place of Hon. James G. 
 Blaine, resigned, in November, 1881 ; elected a 
 Representative to the Forty-second, Forty-third, 
 Fort.v-fourth, Forty-tifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty- 
 seventh Congresses; elected to the United States 
 Senate to fill the vacancy occasioned liy the resig- 
 nation of James G. Blaine, appointed Secretary of 
 State; took his seat March 18, 1881; reelected in 
 1883, 1888,1895, and 1901; elected President pro 
 tempore of the Senate February 7, 1896, and re- 
 elected March 7, 1901; member of the commission 
 which met in Paris September, 1898, to adjust 
 terms ot peace between the United States and 
 Spain. ' 
 
 Fulkerson, Abram, was born in Washington 
 County ill 1834; graduated from the Virginia Mili- 
 tary Institute; lawj'er l)y jirofession; entered the 
 Confederate service in starch, 1861, as a captain- 
 promoted to major, lieutenant-colonel, and colo- 
 nel; in the battles of Wildcat, Chickamauga, Dru- 
 rys Bluff, and Petersburg; wounded five times and 
 captured twice; imprisoned at Huntsville, Ala., 
 Fort Delaware, Morris Island, and Fort Pulaski, 
 and released from prison in July, 1865; elected to 
 the hou.se of delegates of Virginia in 1871 and 1873, 
 and to the senate of Virginia in 1877 and 1879; 
 elected to the Forty-seventh Congress as a Read- 
 juster; resumed the practice of law after leaving 
 Congress; died Decemlier 17, 1902. 
 
 Fuller, Benoni S., was born in Warwick 
 County, Ind., November 13, 1825; brought up on 
 a farm and attended the common schools; at 21 
 years of age a school-teacher; elected sheriff in 
 1856 and 1858; member of the State house of rep- 
 resentatives in 1866 and 1868 and of the State 
 senate 1862, 1870, and 1872; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Indiana to the Forty-fourth L'ongress as 
 a Democrat; reelected to the Forty-fifth Congress. 
 
 Fuller, George, was a native of Pennsylvania; 
 attended the imlilic school; resided at ^Montrose; 
 elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Twenty-eighth Congress (vice Almon H. Read, 
 decea.sed) as a Democrat, serving from DecemJ3er 
 2, 1844, to :\Iarch 3, 1845. 
 
 Fuller, Henry M., was born at Bethanv, Pa., 
 January 3, 1820; received a classical education 
 and graduated from Nassau Hall, Princeton, in 
 18:59; studied law and admitted to the liar; began 
 practice at AVilkesbarre; elected to the State legis- 
 lature in 1848; electetl a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Thirty-second Cungress as a 
 A\'hig; ilefeated for the Thirty-third Congress; 
 elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress; died at 
 Philadelphia December 26, 1860. 
 
 Fuller, Philo C. , lived at Geneseo, Livingston 
 County, N. Y.; member of the State legislature in 
 1830; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig; reelected to 
 
544 
 
 ('( tN(lRKSST( >N Al, 1)1 KE('T( iRY. 
 
 the Twetity-foiirtli Cniinrcss, ^ll■l•viIl^; until isiiii, 
 when Ik- rcsij;iUMl; Si'cunil Assistant I'nstnmstci- 
 ticiuTiil lS41-lS4:i; (•(iiiiptiiillcr iii New York 
 fniiii lU'ceniliiT IS, lS."i(l, to NnviMnher 4, 1S51: 
 iliol at tii'iii'va, N. Y., August l(>, 1855. 
 
 Fuller, Thomas J. D., was born at Hardwii'k, 
 
 Calcdnnla (Yunity, Vt., Maivli 17, ISOS; attcmU>il 
 the luiblic sfliocils; studieil law anil adniitteil to 
 till' liar; lu'pm jinirlirini; at Calais. Mc; ik'itvil a 
 Kc|irtsenlativi' Imni Maine to tlu'Tliirly-lirst Con- 
 frrcssas a I'l'nimrat; rcflcrtiMl tntlu'Tliirly-st'Cond, 
 Tliirty-thii'il, ami Tliirty-fmntli ('oni;res.si's; aji- 
 poiiiti'il hv I'rt'siilcnt Hnilianai\ Stioml .Smlitorof 
 till- Treasury fioni .\|iril 15, 1S57, to .\nj;nst:i, IHIil; 
 liraitiicillawat Wasliin^rton, H. C. ;ilii'ii near that 
 city at tl'o I'ountry rcsiiii'mv of his son in l.sTfi. 
 
 Fuller, Timothy, was born at Cliilniark, Ma.-s., 
 ■Tilly 11, 177S; received a liberal eilucatinn and 
 ^rraduated from Harvard College in IHOl; tantjlit 
 at Leicester Academy; studied law at Worcester; 
 admitted to the bar and bejran practicinfr at Bos- 
 ton, residinji at ( 'ambriilj;e; lueniber of the Slate 
 senate 1SI3-1.'<17, and of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives in ISL'5; elected a Representative from 
 Massachu.setts to the fifteenth Coniiress as a Dem- 
 ocratic Hepnblican over the Federalist candidate; 
 reelected to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Kifilit- 
 eenth Con(;res.ses, servinj; from .lanuary 2, ISI.S, 
 until March :i, l.S'i5; State councilor" in IS'.'S; 
 ajiain elected to the State house of re|iresentatives 
 from (troton; died at (iroton ()ct<iber 1, 18;{5. 
 
 Fuller, William E., of West Union, Iowa, was 
 born at Howard, Center County, I'a., March .'!0, 
 1S4(>; educated at the I'pper Iowa I'niversity and 
 the State University ; i^raduatiMl from the law de- 
 liarlment of the State University in .Imie, 1X70; 
 lield a ]iositiiin iji theotliceof Indian .Vffairs, De- 
 partmentof the Interior, in 1811(5 and isti7; member 
 of the Iowa house of re|)re.sentatives in 1S7I) and 
 1877; niendn'r of the Kepublican State and Con- 
 gressional connnittees; elected to the Forty-ninth 
 Corifire.-'s a.s a Republican; reelected to the Fiftieth 
 Conjiress. 
 
 Fuller, William K., resided at Chittenantro, 
 N. Y.; adjnlant-miieral of New York in 182:5; 
 member of the State lei;islature of New York in 
 18L'9-:iO; elected a Representative from New York 
 to the Twenty-third Corifrress as a Democrat; re- 
 elected to the Twenty-fourth Con);ress. 
 
 FuUerton, David, wa.s born in the Cumberland 
 Valley, Pennsylvania, in 1772; attended the pub- 
 lic schools; located at < ireencastle: member of the 
 .■^tate senate; elected a Representative fmm I'enn- 
 sylvania to the .sixteenth Con;;re.ss, serving until 
 1820 when he resigned, having been burned in 
 elH;;y at Carlisle by some of his constituents, and 
 jiositively declined a renomination; [jresident of 
 the bank at tireencastle, where he died February 
 1, 1S4.!. 
 
 Fulton, Andrew S., was born near Wythe- 
 ville, Va. ; attended the public schools; elected a 
 Representative from Virjiinia to theTliirtieth Con- 
 gress as a Whit;. 
 
 Fulton, John H., was born at .\liinpton, Va.; 
 received alilieral education; eleited to the Twenty- 
 third Concre.''S as a Wliitr; defeated for the Twenty- 
 fourth Ciint;res.s. 
 
 Fulton, William S., was born in Cecil County, 
 Md., .June 2, 1795; received a cla.ssical education 
 and graduated from Raltiinore Collejjie in 1813; 
 started the study of law under William I'inckney, 
 but served in the war of 1S12 in a company of vol- 
 
 unteers at Fort McHenry; after the war moved to 
 Tennessee with his father's family and resumed 
 the study of law with I'elix (inmdy; military sec- 
 retary to (ieneral .lackson in his Florida campaiu'ii 
 in 1S18; moved to Alabama; appointed by I'lesi- 
 deiit .lackson secretary of state of the Territory of 
 ,\rkau,s;is in 182!'; (;overnorof .\rkansas l,S.'{5-18:it!; 
 elected a liiited States .Senator from .\rkansa.s as 
 a Democrat, and served from Decernl)er .'i, 18.'i(), to 
 bis death, .\u},'ust 15, 1844. 
 
 Funk, Benjamin F., of Blooinintrton, III., wius 
 born on a farm in I'linkst iroveTowuship. .Mcl.rf'an 
 Couuty, 111., (Ictober 17, ls:!S; educated in the 
 district wliool and the W'esleyan University, 
 liloominsiton; left school in 18(i2 to enlist in the 
 ."^ixty-ei^hth Illinois Infantry as a private, and 
 served five months; returned to the univei>ity 
 and linished a three-year coui'se; enKa^rediu farni- 
 ini; three years after leavintr the miiversity; moved 
 to Bloomiufxton In 18()!l; elecled mayor of that city 
 in 1871, and reelected six times consecutively; 
 trustee of the .\syluin for the Blind at Jackson- 
 ville; a delejrate to the national Republican con- 
 vention in 1.8.88; elected to the Fifty-third Con- 
 f;ress as a Republican. 
 
 Funston, Edward H., of lola, Kans., was born 
 in Clark County, ( (bio, in l.V{7; reared on a farm; 
 educated in the common schools. New Carlisle 
 .\cademy, and Marietta Collefie; entered tin; .\rniy 
 in 1.8(il as lieutenant. Sixteenth Ohio Battery; ]iar- 
 ticipated in the principal ent:af.'ements alon>; the 
 Mississippi River; mustered out in 18l>5; located in 
 Kansas on a prairie farm in 18117; elected to Kan- 
 .sas house of representatives 187.3-1875; speaker 
 in 1875; elected to State senate in 1,S,8() for four 
 years, of which he \v;is made president pro tern- 
 )iore; elected to the Forty-eiirhth Con^;ress March 
 1, 1884, as a Ri'publican. to (ill vacani'v caused bv 
 the deathof the late lion. D. C. Haskell; reelected 
 to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty-fii-st, and Fifty- 
 second Confjresses; reelected to the Fifty-third 
 Confrre.-^s, and jiiven the certilicute of election, but 
 his seat was contested by Horace L. Moore, ami 
 he was unseated .\uj;ust 2, 1894. 
 
 Fyan, Robert W. , was born in Bedford County, 
 Pa., March 11, 18;i5; re.sided at Marslifield, Web.ster 
 County, Mo.; lawyer l)y profession; captain and 
 major of the Twenty-fourth .Missouri Volunteer 
 Infantry and colonel of the Forty-sixth Missouri 
 Volunteer Infantry: circuit attorney of the four- 
 teenth judicial circuit 18t)5-<>(i; circuit juddeof the 
 fourteenth judicial circuit of Mis.sonri from .\pril, 
 ISiiii, to .lanuary, 18.S3, liavini; four years to serve 
 when elected to Conu;ress; mendn-r of the Mi.s.souri 
 constitutional convention of 1875; elected to the 
 Forty-eiyrhth Con|ire.«s as a Democrat; elected to 
 the Fifty-second Congress, and reelected to the 
 Fifty-third Con).'ress; resumed the practii'e of law 
 after leaving Con^iress; died .Inly 28, l.Silti. 
 
 Gage, Joshua, was a native of Ma.s.sacliu.sett8; 
 received a liliend education; served .-several terms 
 in the State lei;islature; elected a Representative 
 from .Mius.<achusetts to the Fifteenth Con>;re.ss as a 
 Democrat; an executive councilor in 1822 and 1823. 
 
 Oaillard, John, was born in St. Stephens Dis- 
 trict, S. ('.. September 5. I7ii5; received a lilH-ral 
 education; elected a United States Senator from 
 SouthCarolina (i" placeof Pierce Butler, resigned), 
 serving from ,Tanuary 31, 1.8(15, until he died at 
 Washington, D. C, February 2(i, 182i>; President 
 pro tempore of the Senate in the Kleventh. Thir- 
 teenth, Fourteenth, Fifteenth, Sixteenth. .<<'ven- 
 tienth, and Kiiihteenth Con<.;ix>sses. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 545 
 
 Gaines, John P., was a native of Walton, Ky. ; 
 received a tliorousli En^rlish education; studied law 
 an<l admitted to the liar at Walton, \\here he be- 
 gan ijractice; served in the Mexican war as major; 
 captured at Incarnation in January, 1847, and while 
 in captivity elet'ted a Representative from Ken- 
 tuck}' to the Thirteenth Congress as a Whig; gov- 
 ernorof Oregon Territory 1850-1853; died in Oregon 
 in 1858. 
 
 Gaines, John Wesley, of Nashville, Tenn., 
 was born August 24, 1861, in the Seventh district 
 of Davidson County, Tenn., his father being a 
 country jihysician; educated in the country com- 
 mon schools, in which he also taught; studied 
 medicine and graduated from the University of 
 Nashville, and Vanderl)ilt University in 1882, pay- 
 ing his own way by teaching and farm work; 
 never practiced medicine, but the next day after 
 graduating took up the study of law, and in 1884 
 c(jnnnenced practice in Nashville; elector on the 
 Cleveland ticket in 1892 and led in the ballot; 
 afterwards became a leading ex]ionent of free silver 
 in his district, and elected to the Fifty-fifth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; reelected to the Fifty-sixth, 
 Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses. 
 
 Gaines, Joseph Holt, of Charleston, W. Va., 
 was born Sejitember :!, 1864, in the District of 
 Columbia; taken by his jiarents to Fayette County, 
 W. Va., in 1867; "educated at the University of 
 West Virginia and Princeton, graduating from the 
 latter institution in 1886; admitted to the bar in 
 Fayetteville, W. Va., in 1887; appointed United 
 States district attiirney for West Virginia by Presi- 
 dent McKinley in 1897: resigned in 1901; elected 
 to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congresses 
 as a Republican. 
 
 Gaines, Williani Embre, of Burkeville, Va., 
 was b(irn in Charlotte County, Va., August 30, 
 1844; raised on a farm; received a common school 
 education; when the civil war broke out in 1861 
 enlisted as a private in Company K, Eighteenth 
 Virginia Regiment (Pickett's division); engaged 
 in all the battles fought by the Army of N(jrthern 
 Virginia up to the Maryland i-ampaign; relieved 
 from duty by an act of the Confederate States Con- 
 gress; remaining at home for a few months, reen- 
 listed in the Army nf the Cape Fear, stationed 
 near Wihiungton, N. C'., in which army he sur- 
 rendered with Ji:ihns(.in, near Greenslioro, N. C, 
 in April, 186.5, having attained the I'ank of adju- 
 tant of Manly's artillery battalion; tobacconist 
 and merchant; president of the only bank in his 
 town; cooperated with the Conservative (Demo- 
 cratic) party of his State till 1879, when he became 
 a Repul)lican; elected to the Virginia State senate 
 in 1883, and leader of his party in that branch three 
 years, when he resigned; represented his State in 
 the natiiinal convention which nominated Blaine 
 for the Presidency in 1884; mayor of his town 
 several years, and delegate to all State conven- 
 tions since 1879; elected to the Fiftieth Congress as 
 a Republican. 
 
 Gaither, Nathan, was born at Columbia, Ky., 
 in 1785; received a lilieral education; studied med- 
 icine; began practicing at Coluudjia; member of 
 the State house of representatives 1815-1818; Pres- 
 idential elector on the Jackson and Calhoun ticket 
 in 1829; elected a Representative from Kentucky 
 t<;) the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses 
 as a Jackson Democrat; delegate to the State con- 
 stitutional convention in 1849; Presidential elector 
 on the Bell and Everett ticket in 1861; died at 
 Columbia, Ky., in 1862. 
 
 H. Doc-. 45S 35 
 
 Galbraith, John, was a native of Franklin, 
 Pa.; received a pulilic school education; studied 
 law and admitted to the bar; served in the State 
 house of representatives several terms; elected a 
 Representative from Pennsylvania to the Twenty- 
 third, Twenty-fourth, and Twenty-sixth Con- 
 gresses; a)3pointed jiresident-jndge for the sixth 
 judicial district; died at Erie, Pa., June 15, 1860. 
 
 Gale, George, was a native of INIaryland; re- 
 ceiveil a common school education; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Maryland to the First Congress. 
 
 Gale, Iievin, was born in Cecil County, Md., in 
 1824, and resided at Elkton; received a common 
 school education; elected a Representative from 
 Marvland to the Twentieth Congress; died at 
 Baltimore, Md., April 28, 1875. 
 
 Gallatin, Albert, was born at Geneva, Switzer- 
 land, January 29, 1761; graduated from the Uni- 
 versity of (xeneva in 1779; emigrated to America 
 and located at Boston, Mass.; served in the Revo- 
 lutionary Army; instructor of French at Harvanl 
 College in 1782; moved to Pennsylvania in 1785 
 and located on a tract of land in Fayette County, 
 which he purchasetl; became a naturalized citizen; 
 member of the Pennsylvania constitutional con- 
 vention in 1789; member of the State house of 
 representatives 1790-1792; elected to the United 
 States Senate, and on December 2, 1793, when he 
 attempted to take his seat, it was claimed he had 
 not been a citizen of the United States a sufficient 
 length of time, and on February 28, 1794, his elec- 
 tion was declared void; elected a member of the 
 Pennsylvania State house of representatives, but 
 declined; elected a Representative from Pennsyl- 
 vania to the Fourth Congress as a Democrat; re- 
 elected to the Fifth and Sixth Congresses; ap- 
 pointed Secretary of the Treasury by President 
 Jefferson January 26, 1802; reajipointed by Presi- 
 dent Madison and held the j»sition until February 
 9, 1814, when appointed one of the commissioners 
 to negotiate the treaty of Ghent, which was signed 
 December 24, 1814; one of the connnissioners 
 which negotiated a commercial convention with 
 Great Britain in 1815; minister plenipotentiary to 
 Great Britain from May 10, 1826, until Octobe"r 4, 
 1827; minister to France for se\eral years; re- 
 turned to New York City and became president 
 of the National Bank ; died at Astoria, N. Y, , August 
 12, 1849. 
 
 Gallegos, Jose M. , was born in Rio Arriba 
 County, N. ilex., November 14, 1815; received a pub- 
 lic school education; studied theology at the College 
 of Durango, Republic of Mexico, and graduated in 
 1840; member of the legislative assembly of what 
 was then the department of New ^lexico. Republic 
 of Mexico 1843-1846; meml)er of the first legisla- 
 tive assembly of the Territory of New Mexico, 
 United States, in 18-50 and 1851; elected Delegate 
 from the Territory of New Mexico to the Thirty- 
 third Congress as a Democrat; reelectsd to the 
 Thirty-fourth Congress, but his seat was contested 
 by Miguel A. Otero, who took his seat July 23, 
 1856; speaker of the Territorial house of represent- 
 atives 1860-1862; treasurer of the Territory for 
 five years; made a prisoner of war by the Texas 
 Confederate troops in 1862; superintendent of In- 
 dian affairs in New Mexico in 1868; elected a Del- 
 egate to the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Gallinger, Jacob H., of Concord, N. H., was 
 born on a farm in Cornwall, Ontario, ^larch 28, 
 1837, being one of 12 children; received a com- 
 mon school and academic education; printer in 
 early life; studied medicine; graduated with hon- 
 
54*1 
 
 C'tlNttKKSSKINAI. I>l KKCI< >KY . 
 
 ors ill IS'iS, and I'nllnwcd the iirofogsion of ine(li- 
 ciiif anil siirpTy frmii April, istii', until lie oii- 
 ttTi'il imlilic life, liavinna pracliiv wliirli cxlcnik'ii 
 l)ev<iTul tin- liiiiitx nf liis State; coiiiUTtcil with 
 varioii!' nu'ilical snrii'tii's ami niadi" frciiiii'iit fiui- 
 tribiitionH to iiu'ilical litcratiiiv; nu'inlicr of the 
 house of roprescntativcH of New llaiiipsliiro in 
 lH72-7.'i anil IS'.il; nii-inlHT of thf ronstitutional 
 convention in 1S7(>: iiieiii1)er i.l the State [filiate 
 ISTS-lSSl), lieini; pre^iilent of that lioily the last 
 t\voyea!>;sniveon-^eiieralof New llaMi|isliire with 
 the rank of l>iii:ailier-;:eneral in ISTH-SO; reieiveil 
 the honorary ilei:ree of A. .M. from Dartmouth Col- 
 lege ill lSS.'i; i-liairman of the Uepuhliian State 
 eoinmittee ISSL'-LSiH), when he resi);neil the place; 
 ajpiin electeil to the position in ISHS ami reelected 
 in 1!HH) ami aj.'ain ill 1!K)L'; cliainiian of the ilelefpi- ; 
 fion from his State totlie Kepuliliean national con- 
 vention of ISSS. ami made a speech secoiidini.' the 
 nomination of ISeiijamiii Harrison; also chairman 
 of the New Hampshire delet.'ation totlie Wepnh- 
 lieaii national convention at I'hiladelphia in .lune, 
 liiOO. which convention renominated President 
 MiKinley; memlier (by appointment) of the 
 national Kei>nlilicaii lomniittee; elected to the 
 Korty-iiinth and I'iftietli ( 'onuresses, and declined 
 renominalioii to the Fifty-lirst Coii'/ress; elected 
 a rniled States Senator as a Kepuliliean tosuccccd 
 Henry \V. Blair, and took his seat March 4, 1S91; 
 ri'clci'ted in IM'7 hy a unanimous vote of the Ue- 
 puhlican nienihers of the letrislatiire and the votes 
 of 5 I'emocnitic members, and again reelected in 
 1903, receiving all the Republican.ivotes and the 
 votes of ;} Democrats. 
 
 Galloway, Joseph, was born at West River, 
 Md.. about 17L'!>; received a liberal education; 
 studied law and admitted totlie bar; member of 
 the Pennsylvania colonial house of representatives 
 in 17()4; l>ele<;ate from Pennsylvania to the Conti- 
 nental C'on;;re.ss in 1775; remained loyal to the 
 King, and in necember, 177'i, joined the British 
 army in New York; moved to Kngland in 177S, 
 when- he died August 2!t, ISO:?. 
 
 Galloway, Samuel, was born at ( iettysburj:, 
 I'a., March L'O. ISll; moved to Ohio and "located 
 in Highland County in bSHO; graduated in ls;i:{ 
 from the Miami ("iiiversity; studied law, and in 
 lS42adniiltt'd to the bar; jirofe.ssor of languages at 
 South Hanover College in Indiana: began the 
 pmctice of law in Chillicothe, Ohio; elected secre- 
 tary of state and moved to Cohimbiis in 1S44: 
 elected a Ke]>re.seiitative from Ohio to the Thirty- 
 fourth Congress as a Kepiiblican; defeated for 
 reelection to the Thirty-lifth and Thirty-sixth 
 Congre.s.ses; died at Columbus. Ohio. April.'), 1.S72. 
 
 Gallup, Albert, was born at New Berne, N. Y.; 
 received a limited education; sheriff of .Vlbany 
 County IKil-lS.'U; elected a Uepre.seiitative froin 
 New York to the Twenly-liftli Congress as a I>eni- 
 ocrat; defeateil for reelection; appointed by Presi- 
 dent I'olk collector of custouis at Alliaiiv; died at 
 Providence. K. 1.. in 18"il. 
 
 Gamble, James, was born in Lycoming County, 
 Pa., .January l.'S, ISIMt; received a conimon school 
 e<lucation; studied law and admitted to the bar; 
 elected a Uepresentative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat; nidected 
 to the Tliirtv-third Congress; dieil at Williams- 
 port, Pa.. February 22, 1822. 
 
 Gamble, John B. , of Yankton, S. Dak., was 
 elected a Uepresentative from South Dakota to tin- 
 Fifty-second Congre.ss as a Hepublican. but ilied 
 before taking his seat, August 14, 1S!M. 
 
 Gamble, Kobert Jackson, of Yankton,. S. Dak., 
 was bom in ( iciiesee County, N. Y., February 7, 
 IS.M; moved with his parents to Fox Lake, Wis., 
 in lSli2; reared u|kiii a farm; graduated from Law- 
 rence rniversity. .\ppleloii. Wis., in 1H74; locateil 
 at Yankton in lS7."i. where he engaged in the prac- 
 tice of law; for sixteen years associated with his 
 late brother, .fohn H., in the practice, under the 
 lirm name of (iambic Brothers; district attorni'y 
 for the second judiiial district of the Territory in 
 l.s.sO; city attorney of Yankton for two terms; 
 State senator in 1S,S."> under the i-oiistitution 
 adopted that year; elected totlie Fifty-fourth and 
 Fifty-sixth ( 'ongres,ses, and elected to the Cnited 
 States Senate .lamiary 2.'i, liHll, as a Hepublican, 
 to succeed Uichard 1". Pettigrew . Populist. 
 
 Gamble, Rog^erL., was a native of .Tefferson 
 County, (ia., received a liln-ral education; studied 
 law ami admitted to the bar; began iiracticiiig at 
 Louisville; elected a Kepresentative from < ieorgia 
 to the Twenty-third Congress as a State Kiglits 
 Democrat; defeateil for reelection to the Twenty- 
 fourth Congress; ag-aiii eleclefl to the Twenty- 
 seventh Congress as a Harrison Whig; defeated 
 for reelection to the Twenty-eighth Congre.ss; judge 
 of the superior court of (ieorgia; died at I.K>uis- 
 ville, (ia., DecemlMr20, 1S47. 
 
 Gaunett, Barzillai, was a native of Massachu- 
 setts; graduated from Harvard College in 17S.'); 
 studied law and admitted to the bar; four years a 
 member of the State house of re[pre.senlatiyes; 
 elected a Kepresentative from Massachu.s<.'tts to the 
 FJleveiith Congress. 
 
 Gansevoort, Leonard, was born at Albany, 
 N. Y., in 17.')!; a Delegate from that State to the 
 Continental Congress 1787-88; died at Albany, 
 N. Y., in ISIO. 
 
 Ganson, John, was born at Leroy, N. Y., Janu- 
 ary 1, ISlS; graduated from Harvard College in 
 1.S39; studied law. admitted tothe bar, ami U'gan 
 practicing at Buffalo; mcmlK-r of the .'^tate house 
 of representatives in 18(i2; elected a Keiire.sentative 
 from New York to the Thirty-eighth Congress as 
 a Democrat; delegate to the national Kepiiblican 
 convention at Baltimore in 18(54; died at Buffalo, 
 N. Y., September 2S. 1S74. 
 
 Gantz, Martin K., of Troy, Ohio, was liorn in 
 Bethel Township. Miami County, Ohio, .lanuary 
 28, 1862: receive*! a common school education; 
 attended college at Lebanon, Ohio, and graduaf«'<l 
 from the Cincinnati I>aw College. cla.ss of 188:{; 
 elected mayor of the city of Troy; electeil to the 
 Fifty-second Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Gardenier, Barent, a native of I'lster County. 
 N. Y.; leceived a liberal education; held s*'vend 
 local ollices; elected a KcpU'sentative from Ne\v 
 York to the Tenth Congress as a Federalist: re- 
 elected to the l-'levcnlh Congress; died at King- 
 ston, N. Y.. .January 10, 1822. 
 
 Gardner. Augustus Peabody. of Hamilton, 
 waj* born at Boston. Ma.ss.. November '■>, IStWS; 
 graduated from Harvard College, with the degree 
 of .\. B.. in theehussof 18.S(i; meinlierof theMa.->m- 
 cliusetts State senate for the two terms of PKKt and 
 li>OI; served as cai>tain and a.<sistant adjutant- 
 general on the staff of ( ien. .James H. Wilson dur- 
 ing the Spanish-Aiiierican war; electeil lothe Fifty- 
 seventh Congre.ss, to till the vacancy can.seil by the 
 resignation of the Hon. W. 11. MoiKly to iH'come 
 Swretary of the Navy in the Cabinet of Pn-sideiit 
 Kooscvelt, and to the Fifty-eighth Congress as a 
 Kepiiblicuu. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 547 
 
 Gardner, Francis, was born at Leominster, 
 Mass., December 27, 1771: jrraiiuateil from Harvanl 
 Colletre; studied thecjlogy; ]>astor of a clinrcb in 
 New Hampshire; elected a liepresentative from 
 New Hampshire to the Tenth Congress; died at 
 Roxbury, Mass., June 2ri, 188ii. 
 
 Gardner, Gideon, was a native of Massachusetts; 
 received a limited education; electeda Representa- 
 tive from Massachusetts to the I*;ieventh Congress. 
 
 Gardner, John J., of Atlantic City, N. .J., was 
 born in Atlantic County in 1S4.t; raised a water- 
 man until l(i years of age, when lie enlisted for 
 three yi^ai-s in the Sixth New Jersey Volunteers; 
 in March, ISfi.'S, enlisted for one year in United 
 States Veteran Volunteers; elected alderman of 
 Atlantic City in 1867, and mayor in 1868; reelected 
 mayor seven times; coroner of county one year; 
 city councilman one year; member of New Jersey 
 State senate fifteen years, from 1878 to 1891!; electe<l 
 to the Fiftv-third Congress as a Republican, and 
 reelected to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty- 
 sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses. 
 
 Gardner, Josepli, was born in Iloneybrook 
 Township, Cliester County, I'a., in 17.52; repre- 
 sented that State in the Continental Congress 1784- 
 1785; died at Elkton, Md., in 1794. 
 
 Gardner, Mills, was born at Russellvillc, 
 Brown County, ( )hio, January 30, 1830; moved to 
 Fayette County in 1854; received a limited educa- 
 tion; studied law, and in 18.55 was admitted to 
 the bar; prosecuting attorney of Fayette County 
 for four years; mend)er of the Chio State .senate 
 1862-1864; Presidential elector on the Lincoln 
 ticket in 1864; member of the State house of 
 representatives 18ti6-1868; member of the State 
 constitutional convention in 1873; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Ohio to the Forty-fifth Congress 
 as a Republican. 
 
 Gardner, Washington, of Albion, Mich., was 
 born on a farm in Jlorrovv County, (_)hio; when 16 
 years of age entered the Ihiion Army, serving 
 in the ranks of the Sixty-fifth Ohio Volunteer 
 Infantry from October, 1861, to Decemlier, 1865; 
 severely wounded in action at Resaca, (ia.; grad- 
 uated from the Ohio Wesleyan (University 1870; 
 studied in the school of theology, lio.>*ton I'niver- 
 sity, 1870-71; grailnated from the Albany Law 
 School in 1876; practiced law one year in (irand 
 Rapids, Jlich., and then entereil the nnnistry ol 
 the Methodist ICpiscopal Church, in which he 
 served twelve years; commander of the Depart- 
 ment of Michigan, (xrand Army of the Kejiulilic, 
 in 1888; made professor in and public lecturer for 
 Albi(m College in 1889: apiiointed by (lovernor 
 .lohn T. Rich secretary of state in [March, 1894, to 
 fill out an unexpired term, and subsequently twice 
 nominated by acclamation and elected to succeed 
 Himself: elected to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty -.seventh, 
 and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Repuljlican. 
 
 Garfield, James A. , was born at Orange, Cuya- 
 hoga County, Ohio, Novendjer 19, 1831; his boy- 
 hooil was spent in working on a farm, aiding in the 
 support of his widowed mother; attende<l district 
 school about three months each winter; when 
 17 was driver and helmsman on the Ohio Canal; 
 entered (ieauga Seminary at Chester, Ohio, in 
 IMarch, 1849, and at the close of the fall term 
 taught a district school; attended the Kclectic 
 Institute at Hiram in 1851-18.54; professor of an- 
 cient languages and literature at Hiram College; 
 when 2(i years of age made ]>resident of Hiram 
 College, which position he held until 1861, when 
 he entered the Union Armv; elected to the Ohio 
 
 State senate in 1859; studied law; admitted to the 
 bar in 1860: admitted to jiractice in the Supreme 
 Court of the United States in 18(;6: while serving 
 in the Army electeda Representative from Ohio 
 to the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican; 
 reelected to the Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, Forty-first, 
 Forty-second, Forty-third, Forty-fourth, Forty- 
 fifth, and Forty-sixth Congresses; in January, 
 
 1880, elected l)y the t)hio legislature Senatoi- for 
 the term beginning March 4, 1881, to suci-eed 
 Allen G. Thurman; on the 8th of June, I8,S0, in 
 the Chicago Republican national convention, was 
 nominated and on November 4 elected President 
 of the United States; on the morning of .Inly I, 
 
 1881, while passing through the Pennsylvania 
 depot. Washington, D. C, was shot by an assassin; 
 died September 19, 1881, at Elberon, N. J. 
 
 Garfielde, Selucius, was born at Shoreham, Vt., 
 December S, 1822; moved to Kentucky: received 
 an acatlemic education; read law and admitted to 
 the bar; a member of tlie State constitutional con- 
 vention in 1849; emigrated to California in 1851; 
 member of the California State legislature in 1852; 
 elected by the legislature to codify the laws of the 
 State in 1853; returned to Kentucky in 1854; mem- 
 ber of the Cin<-innati national convention in 1856; 
 moved to Washington Territory in 1857, an(^ re- 
 ceiver of public moneys, which position he held 
 until 1860; defeated as a candidate on the Demo- 
 cratic ticket for Congress in 1861 ; surveyor-general 
 froni 186(i to 1869: electeil a Delegate from Wash- 
 ington Territory to the Forty-first Congress as a 
 Republican, and reelected to the Forty-second 
 Congress. 
 
 Garland, Aug-ustus H., was born in Tipton 
 County, Teun., June 11, 1832; his puicnts moved 
 to Arkansas in 1833; educated at St. INlary's College 
 and St. Joseph's College in Kentucky; studied law 
 and admitted to practice in 1853 at Washington, 
 Ark., where he then lived; moved to Little Rock 
 in 1856; delegate to the State convention that 
 passed the ordinance of secession in 1S61 ; mendier 
 of the provisional congress that met at Mont- 
 gomery, Ala., in May, 1861, and subsc(|uently of 
 the Confederate Congress, .serving in lioth Ikju.scs, 
 and being in the senate when the war closed; 
 elected to the United States Senate from Arkansas 
 for the term beginning March 4, 1867, but not ad- 
 mitted to his seat; made the test-oath case as to 
 lawyers in the Supreme Court of the United States 
 and gained it (see Garland ex parte, 4 Wallace); 
 followed the practice of law until the fall of 1874, 
 when elected governor of Arkan.-^as without opposi- 
 tion; elected in January, 1876, by the legislature 
 of Arkansas, without opposition, to the United 
 States Senate as a Democrat to succeed Powell Clay- 
 ton, Republican, and took his seat March 5, 1877; 
 reelected in 1883; resigned in 1885 to accept the 
 position of Attorney-General under Cleveland's 
 first Administration; died at Washington, I). C, 
 January 26, 1899. 
 
 Garland, David S., was a native of Virginia; 
 received an academic education: studied law; 
 admitted to the bar and began practice: elected a 
 Representative from Virginia to the Eleventh Con- 
 gress (in ])lace of Wilson C. Nicholas, resigned) 
 as a Democrat, serving from January 17, 1810, to 
 March 3, 1811; died at his home in Virginia Octo- 
 ber 7, 1811. 
 
 Garland, James, was born in 1792 in Nelson 
 County, A'a.; received a liberal education; studie<l 
 law and admitted to the bar; began [iractice at 
 Lovingston; served in the State house of rei)re- 
 sentatives in 1829; elected a Representative from 
 
548 
 
 CONORKSSIONAI, DIKKCTnRV, 
 
 Virjjinia to the Twonty-fmirtli C< murcsn as a I h-nv i- 
 crat; ivi-IwIimI to thv Twnity-tiltli and Twi'iity- 
 eixtli Ci m^^ri'ssos ; niovril to l.yiK-lilnirc Va., ami 
 wius jii<l;.'e of the hutitinj.'s court of that city fur 
 uiaiiy ycai->: ai/siiii elected to the State leiiislature 
 in ISTtj. 
 
 Oaxland, Rice, W!u< a native of Virfiinia; re- 
 ceivi'd ni\ academic education; i^tudied law and ad- 
 mitted totlieliar; hejran practice at <)j)elouHas, I,a.; 
 elected a Kcprcsentalive from Louisiana to the 
 Twenty-third Coufiress as a Whif;, vice Henry A. 
 Bullard, resi(;ne<l; reelected to the Twenty-fourth, 
 Twentv-lifth, and Twentv-si.xth ( 'onf;resses, serv- 
 inj; from April 2S, 18;M, h> July 21, 1S4I1, when he 
 resigned to accept the appointment of judfieof the 
 supreme court of T>ouisiana. 
 
 Garnett, James M. , was Iwru at Khnwood, 
 Essex County, Va., June 8. 1770; received an aca- 
 demii- e<lucation; served several terms in the State 
 house of representatives; elected a Hepresentative 
 from \'ir<;inia to the Ninth and Tenth t'onyresses: 
 delesrale to the State constitutional convention in 
 lS2il; president of the Freiicrickshurj; Af.'ricnltural 
 Societv for twentv vears; died at I'.lniwoud, Va., 
 May 7, 1843. 
 
 Garnett, lluscoe R. H. , a native of Fascx 
 County, Va.; received a classical education: '^'radu- 
 ated from the I'niversity of \ir^'inia; studied law 
 and admitted to the bar; eomnicuicd practice at 
 Lfjretti), Va.; dclejiate to the State constitutional 
 convention in 1S50; member of the State house of 
 representatives lS5;i-lS.'>ti; elected aKepresentative 
 from Virginia to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a 
 Democrat ( vice Thomas II. Hayley, <leceased); re- 
 elected to the Thirty-lifth ami Tliirty-sixth Con- 
 fre.s.ses, serviuir from December 1, 1S.")I), to .March 
 , ISIil; dele;;ate to the national Democratic con- 
 ventions at Baltimore in lS."i2 and at Cincinnati in 
 18.iti; member from Vir;.'inia of the First Confed- 
 erate CVmgress; died in Virginia about 18ti:i 
 
 Garnett, Robert S., a native of F.s.sex County, 
 Va. ; received an academic eihication; studied law; 
 adniitte<l to the bar ami be^'au practicing at IJnyds; 
 elected a Kcpre.sentative from Virginia to the Fif- 
 teenth, Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Kighteenth, and 
 Ninetei'nth Congres.ses as a Democrat. 
 
 Garrett, Abraham E. , wa.s horn at Overton, 
 Ky., -March (i, 18:i0; attended the country schools 
 and PoiilarSpringsCollege, Kentucky; studied law, 
 but followed farming; served in the Cniou Army 
 during the civil war; elected to the State house of 
 rei>re.sentatives of Tennes.see in 18(1.") and to the 
 State senate in 1S(>7; elected a Ueprc.scniativc 
 from Tennessee to the Forty-second Congress a-s a 
 Democnit. 
 
 Garnsey, Daniel G. , was a native of Saratoga 
 County, N. Y.; received a liberal e<lucalion; 
 Studieil law aiul admitted to the bar; connnenced 
 practice at I'onifret, X. Y.; district attorney of 
 Chautauiiua County, June 11, 1818, to March 
 4, 1.82-'>; elected a Kepresentative from New York 
 a.s a Jackson Jtemocrat to the Nineteenth Con- 
 gress; reelected to theTweiilieth Congress; nioveil 
 to Hock Island, 111.; |ircsiiknt of the Ilarri.son 
 celebration at (iaiena. 111., July 4, 1840. 
 
 Garrison, Daniel, a native of Salem, N. J.; 
 rweived an academic edticjition; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New Jer>iey to the F.ighteenth and 
 Nineteenth ( 'ongre.sses. 
 
 Garrison, George Tankard, was born in 
 Accomac County, Va'., January 14, 18.'{.'>; graduated 
 from Dickiueou College, Carlisle, I'a., iu 18o3, and 
 
 from the law sch<M>l of the I'niversity of Virginia 
 iu 18.">7; practiced law until the civil war; entere<l 
 
 I theConfcderalescrviceasa private; soon thereafter 
 electi'il to llic.>>latc legislature, and served in that 
 body, lirsl in tlu' Imuse and then in the senate, until 
 the close of the war; after the war engaiicl again 
 
 I iu the law ami alsn in agriculture; elected by the 
 legislature ju<lge of the eighth Virginia circuit in 
 1870, and subseijuently elected judge <if the seven- 
 teenth circuit, which position he held when electeil 
 to the Forty-seventh Congre.s.s as a Democnit; r»'- 
 electcd to the Forty-eighth Congress; State canvass- 
 ing board refusi'dtocount certain votes, and countc<l 
 Mayo in by a majority of one vole over (larrison, 
 giving him the certiliiale; ( iarri.'^on contested the 
 
 . seat: by unanimous vote of the House was dedarcil 
 entitled to the seat and sworn in March 20, 1884; 
 
 ! died November 14, 1889. 
 
 Garrow, Nathaniel; at ten<led I he public schools; 
 resiile<l at .\uburn, N. Y.; Mas elected a Ke|)re- 
 sentative from New York to the Twentieth Con- 
 gress as a Jackson Democrat. 
 
 Garth, William W., was a native of Morgan 
 County, Ala. ; jiursued classical studiesat I^gninge 
 j and at Kmorvand llenrvCollege, Xii-ginia; studie<l 
 I law at thel'niversilvof \'irginia and ailmitte<l to 
 the bar; connnenced jiractice at Huntsville, Ala.; 
 ele<-tisl a Representative to the Forty-tiflh Con- 
 gress as a Democrat. 
 
 Gartrell, Lucius J., wa.s liorn near Washing- 
 ton, ( ia., January 7, 1821 ; pursuecl classical studies, 
 attending Uandolph-Macon College, Virginia, and 
 Franklin('ollege,(;eorgia; studieil law; admittol to 
 the bar, practicing at Atlanta, (ia.; electe<l liy the 
 legislature in 1843 solicitor-general of the northern 
 judicial circuit, resigning in 1847; Inember of the 
 Slate hou.se of representatives 1847-18.')0; a I'resi- 
 dential elector on the lUichanan and Hreckinridge 
 ticket in I8.5(>; elected a Ke)>iesentative from 
 ; Cieorgia to the Thirty-lifth and Thirty-sixth Con- 
 gre.s.ses as a Democrat, serving until January 23, 
 18H1, when he retired, giving his adherence to the 
 Southern Confeileracy; elected a Repre-seiitative 
 from tieorgia to the Fii-st Confederate Congre.ss; 
 appointed in 18()4 brigadier-general intheConfed- 
 erate service. 
 
 I Garvin, William S. , was a native of Mercer, 
 Pa.; received an academic eihication; elivted a 
 Representative from I'ennsylvania to the Twenty- 
 ninth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Gaston, Athelston, of Meadville, Pa., waa 
 born in l';istile, N. Y., .Vpril 24, 1.8:?8; when U5 
 vcarsof age his parents moved tiK 'raw ford County, 
 i'a.; received a common school education: engagiil 
 in farming until 3.5 years of age; electeil mayor of 
 the city of Meadville in I8iil; reelected in 1802 for 
 a term of three years; elected to the Fifty-.sixth 
 Congress as a Democrat. . 
 
 Gaston, William, was born at Newbern, N. C., 
 September 10, 1778; pm-sued classical studies, at- 
 tending tieorgetown ( D. C. ) College, and gradu- 
 ating from I'rincetim College in 17!Hi; stiuliedlaw; 
 admitted to the bar in 1708, attaining prominence 
 in the legal ]irofession in the State; Stale senator 
 in 18IK1; member of the hou.se of commons of 
 North Carolina in 1.8(18 ami 1800. serving in the 
 former year as speaker; a I'residcntial elector in 
 18(lil; elected a Representative from North Caro- 
 lina as an ant i-.\dmiiiisl rat ion candidate to the Thir- 
 teenth and Fourtifiith Congre.s.ses; apiin eledivl 
 a memlM'r of the hoii.se of commons of North Car- 
 lina(ti> till a vacancv ) in 1.827; elected judge of 
 the su|)reme court of North Carolina iu 1834, hold- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 549 
 
 ing the position until his death; member of the 
 constitutional convention of 1835; declined the 
 nomination to the United States Senate in 1S40: 
 died at Raleigh, N. C, January 23, 1844. 
 
 Gates, Seth Merrill, was born at Wintield, 
 X. Y., October 16, ISOO; attended tlie jiulilic 
 schools; studied law; admitted to the bar in 1S27, 
 commencing practice at Leroy, N. Y.; a member 
 of the State house of representatives in 1S32, de- 
 clining a reelection; purchased the Le Roy Ciazette 
 in 1838, editing it for several years; elected a Rei)- 
 resentative from New York to the Twenty-sixth 
 Congress as an Anti-Slavery Whig; reelected to the 
 Twenty-seventh Congress; defeated as the Free 
 Soil candidate for lieutenant-governor in 1848; 
 died at Leroy, N. Y., September 1, 1877. 
 
 Gatlin, Alfred M., was a native of Edenton, 
 X. C. ; pursued classical studies, graduating from 
 the University of Xorth Carolina; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Xorth Carolina to the Eighteenth 
 Congress. 
 
 Gaunt, E. W. , was born in Tennessee March 
 17, 1832; received an English education; studied 
 law; admitted to the liar, commencing practice in 
 Arkansas in 18.50; claimed to have been elected a 
 Representative from Arkansas to the Thirty-sixth 
 Congress as an Independent Democrat, but never 
 took his seat; entered the Confederate army as 
 colonel of the Twelfth Arkansas Infantry and w-as 
 promoted to brigadier-general; appointed in 1873 
 a commissioner to revise and codif\' the statutes of 
 Arkansas; commissioner from Arkansas to the 
 Centennial Exhibition; died in .Vrkansas June 10, 
 1874. 
 
 Gause, Xiucien C, was Vjorn in Brunswick 
 County, X. C, Decend^er 25, 1838; moved to Lau- 
 derdale Cc lunty, Tenn. ; attended the ])ul)lic scliools 
 and the University of Virginia; studied law and 
 graduated from Cumberland College, Teim., com- 
 mencing practice at Jacksonport, Ark., in 1859; 
 served throughout the civil war in the Confederate 
 army, becoming a colonel; resumed practice in 
 1865 at Jacksonport; elected a member of the State 
 legislature in 1866; appointed a commissioner to 
 represent the State government at A\'ashington: 
 claimed to have been elected to the Forty-third 
 Congress, but his competitor occupied the seat 
 without any action on the case; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Arkansas to the Forty-fourtli and 
 Forty-fifth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Gay, Edward J., was born at Liberty, Bed- 
 ford Ciiunty, Va., February 3, 1816; his father, 
 John H. <->ay, and family moved in 1820 to Illinois, 
 and thence to St. Louis, Mo., in 1824; he spent 
 .several years under the tuition of an accoiriplished 
 teacher, residing in Belleville, 111., and in 183.3-34 
 at Augusta College, Kentucky; extensively en- 
 gaged in commercial affairs at St. Louis from 1838 
 to 1860; resided in Louisiana and has been largely 
 engaged in commercial, manufacturing, and agri- 
 cultural pursuits; prominently instrumental in the 
 enterprise of the erection of the first and the 
 present Merchants' Exchange Building at St. 
 Louis, and the first president of the Louisiana Sugar 
 Exchange of Xew Orleans; elected to the Forty- 
 ninth, E^iftieth, and Fiftv-first Congresses as a 
 Democrat; died May 30, 1890. 
 
 Gayarre, Charles E. A., was born at Xew 
 Orleans, La., January 9, 1S05; pursued classical 
 studies at Xew Orleans College; studied law at 
 Philadelphia: admitted to the bar in 1829, com- 
 mencing practice at Xew Orleans; elected a State 
 representative in 1830; appointed attorney-general 
 
 in 1831 ; appointed presiding judge of the city court 
 of Xew Orleans in 1833; elected a United States 
 Senator from Louisiana as a Jackson Democrat in 
 1834, but resigned on account of ill health before 
 taking the seat in the Twenty-fourth Congress; 
 traveled abroad; returned to Xew Orleans and 
 elected in 1843 a Representative from Louisiana to 
 the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, but re- 
 signed before taking the seat, having been elected 
 secretarv of state for Louisiana, which position he 
 held from 1846 to 1850; published An Historical 
 Essay on Louisiana, 18.30; a History of Louisiana, 
 1847; Romance of the History of Louisiana, 1848; 
 Spanish Domination in Louisiana, 1854; French 
 Domination in Louisiana, 1851 and 18.M; The 
 School of Politics, 18.54, and other essavs; died in 
 1895. 
 
 Gayle, John, was born in Sumter District, S. C, 
 September 11, 1792; pursuing classical studies, 
 graduated from the South Carolina University; 
 studied law; admitted to the bar, connuencing 
 practice at Mobile, .\la., in 1813; niendier of the 
 Territorial legislature in 1817; appointed solicitor 
 of the first judicial district in 1S19; elected judge fif 
 the State supreme court in 1823; speaker of the 
 State house of representatives in 1829; governor of 
 Alabama 1831-1835; defeated as Presidential elector 
 in 1836 and 1840; elected a Representative from 
 Alabama to the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig; ap- 
 pointed United States district judge of Alabama 
 in 1849; died near Mobile July 28, 18.59. 
 
 Gayle, JuneW. , of Owenton, Ky., was born at 
 XewLiberty,OweiiCounty,Ky., February 22, 1865; 
 received his early education at Concord College, 
 Xew Liberty, Ky., afterwards finishing liis course 
 at Georgetown College, Georgetown, Ky. ; served 
 as deputy sheriff for several years, and in 1892 
 elected high sheriff of Owen County; reelected in 
 1894, and in 1899 a prominent canilidate ior aud- 
 itor of state; upon the death of Hon. E. E. Settle 
 became a candidate forCongress to fill Settle's un- 
 expired term, and elected to the Fifty-sixth ("'on- 
 gress as a Democrat at the special election Decem- 
 ber 18, 1899. 
 
 Gaylord, Janaes M. , was a native of Ohio; pur- 
 sued academic studies; lived at McConnelsville; 
 elected a Representative from Ohio tc) the Thirty- 
 second Congress. 
 
 Gazley, James W. , was born in Xew York in 
 1784; pursue<l academic studies; moved to Cincin- 
 nati, Ohio; elected a Representative from Ohio to 
 the Eighteenth Congress as a Jackson Free-States 
 man; defeated for the Xineteenth Congress; died 
 at Cincinnati, July 12, 1874. 
 
 Gear, Jolm Henry, was born in Ithaca, X. Y., 
 April 7, 1825; received a common school educa- 
 tion; moved to Galena, 111., in 1836, to Fort Snell- 
 ing, Iowa Territory, in 1838, and to Burlington in 
 1843, where he engaged in merchandising; elected 
 mayorof thecity of Burlington in 1863; mcmlierof 
 the Iowa house of representatives of the fourteenth, 
 fifteenth, and sixteenth general a,sseml)lies of the 
 State, serving as speaker for the last two terms; 
 elected governor of Iowa in 1878-79, and auain in 
 1880-81; elected to the Fiftieth, Fifty-first, and 
 Fifty-second Congresses as a Republican; elected 
 January 23, 1894, a L^nited States Senator from the 
 State of Iowa for six vears, beginning IMari'h 4, 
 1895; died at Washington, D. C, July 14, 1900. 
 
 Geary, Thomas J., of Santa Ro.«a, C'al., was 
 born in Boston, Mass., January 18, 1854; moved 
 with his parents to California in April, 1863; 
 studied law, and admitted to the l>ar in 1877, 
 
550 
 
 CONORKSSIONAL DIKKrToRY. 
 
 anil enpini'il in tlie iinictico of his iirolfssion; 
 flecU'il iiistrif( atturiu-y t>f Soniuiia County, Cal., 
 in 1S82, and scrvinl two years; cUtIimI to Itu' Kilty- 
 tir>'t t'onprvssJ as a IVniocr.it anil AiniTiran to 
 till the vaeancv eauseil l>y Itu' rcsitrnation of John 
 •T. I»e Havi-n;" rt-i'leiti'd "to the Kifty-seiond and 
 Fifty-tliird ('onnrt'»ie(i. 
 
 Gebhard, John, was a native of ("hiveraek, 
 N. Y.; alteniled tlie pnlilie sehools: eleeted a Kep- 
 resenlative finni New York to the Seventcontli 
 Congress. 
 
 Geddes, George W., of >hinslield. oliio, was 
 horn at >loiiiit Vernon, Ohio. .Inly lt>, 1S24; re- 
 ceived a eoninion seliool ednealion; studied hiw; 
 admitted to tlie har in .Inly, 1S4.">; elected jiidu'e 
 of the court i>f eoniinon ideas of the sixth judicial 
 district in lS5(i, an<l reelected without oiipositioii 
 in IStU; after servinj; ten years on the hench he 
 returned to the (iractice until lSt>,><, when liewius 
 apiin elected jndjic of the same court for five years. 
 at the expiration of which time he afiain returned 
 to the jiractice; Democratic candidate for supreme 
 jud-xe in 1S71; elected to the Forty-sixth, Forty- 
 seventh. Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Congre.sses 
 as a Pemocnit; died NovenilierU, l.Sit2. 
 
 Geddes, James, was horn near Carlisle, I'a., 
 July 22, ITfiS: attended puhlic sehools; moved to 
 Onondag-a. N. Y., in 1794; justice of the peace in 
 hStX); State representative in 1,*<(>4 ami in 1S21; as- 
 sociate justice of the county court in lf<W; judge 
 of the couit of common pleas in ISOii; elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Thirteenth 
 Congress as a Fciicralist; ai>pointed chief engineer 
 ofthet 111 io Canal in 1S22; an engineer on theChesa- 
 peake and Ohio Canal in KS27: dieil at (ieddes, 
 N. Y., August ]i», 1S38. 
 
 Geissenhainer, Jacob Au^stus, of FreohoM, 
 N. J., was luiru in the city of New York in 1S41; 
 graduated from Columbia College, receiving the 
 degrees of A. H. and A. M., an<l afterwardsstudied 
 law at Yale and at the New York I'niversity, 
 receiving the degree of LL. B. ; eoinmenciil the 
 practice of law in New York City in l,St>:i; electeil 
 to the Fifty-tirst Congress as a Peinocrat; reelected 
 to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses. 
 
 Gentry. Meredith P.. was horn in Hoeking- 
 ham County, N. C., Septemlx'r 15, l.siW; receiving 
 a lil)erai e<lucation; stiulieil law; adinitleil to the 
 bar, commencing practice at Franklin, Tenn.; 
 State representative 1S,V>-1S:{1): elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Teiine.«see to the Twenty-sixth Con- 
 gress as a Whig; reelecteil to the Twenty-seventh 
 Congr(>.ss; elected to the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, 
 Thirty-first, and Thirty-second Congresses: meni- 
 l)er from Tennessee of the First ConfediT.ite Con- 
 gress; died at Nashville, Tenn.. Noveniher 2, ISWi. 
 
 George, James Z. , was lx)rn in Monroe County, 
 (ia., October 20, l,'s2(i; move<i to Mississi|)i>i with 
 his father when a lad; received a puhli<' .mOiooI 
 education; volunteen-d when l!l years of age in the 
 Mississippi Kitle Kegimcnt. commandcil by Col. 
 Jefferson I>avis, and .server I through llic Mexican 
 war; stuilied law; admitted to the bar. and com- 
 menced practice; compiled five volumes of tlie 
 Mississipjii State reiK)rts; enliste<l in the Confed- 
 erate service in 1.861, and commanded a regiment 
 of cavalry; chairman of the Democnitic State com- 
 mittee in IS7n and lS7li: chosen to the supreme 
 hench, and wits elected chief justic<- by his associ- 
 ates; electe<l t^i the rnite<l States l*eiiate as a l>em- 
 ocrat, and took his seat March 4. 1S,S|; ri'elected 
 in 18^, and again in January, 1892; a member of 
 
 the constitutional convention of the .>»tate of Mis- 
 sissippi which was held in IS'.HI; dieil August 14, 
 1K97. 
 
 George, M. C of I'ortland. I Ireg., was Ikihi in 
 NobleComity.Oliio, May K!, 1.S4H; educatedat the 
 ."^antiam Acailemy and the Willamette liiivcrsity 
 in Oregon; stinlied law ami admitted to the bar; 
 i-ommenceil the practice of law in rorlland in 1S77; 
 elected State st'iiator from Multnomah district for 
 four years; received all the votes of the Hepuh- 
 lican senators for (iresident of the State senate at 
 the biennial ."e.-^sion of 1.S7S; elected to the Forty- 
 seventh Congre.s- as a Kepublican; reele»-ted to 
 the Forty-eighth Congress. 
 
 German, Obadiah, was boni in Dutchess 
 C'ountv. N. Y., in 17t'>7; received a lilw-ral educa- 
 tion; moved to Norwich. Chenango County. N. Y., 
 in 1792; a memherof tlie.'^tate house of n-pre..ienta- 
 tives in 179S. 1.8114. lSt»."\ 1,8(17. 1.808, and 1.8(W; 
 elected a United States .S-nator from New York 
 as a Democrat, serving from May 2.S, 180it, to 
 March 2, 1815; again elei-ted a member of the 
 State house of representatives in 181il and its 
 speaker; held several local offii-es in Chenango 
 Coiintv; tiecaniean anient Whig; died at Norwich. 
 X. Y.,' September 24. 1842. 
 
 Gerry, Elbridge grandfather of Flbridge 
 (ierrvl. was born at Marblehead, ^lass., July 17, 
 1744:' pursued chussical studies and graduates! 
 from Harvard College in 17t)2; a merchant; mem- 
 ber of the colonial house of representatives 1772- 
 177-">; Delegate to the Continental Congress from 
 Massitchn.setts 177(>-1780 and 178:^-178.1; a dele- 
 gate to the constitutional conventii>n of the Cniteil 
 .s^tates; refused to sign the instiument; elected a 
 I Representative from >hissachusetts to the First 
 I Congress as a Federalist; n-electcd to the Second 
 I Congress; s»'nt to France on a secret mission in 
 1797; defeateil as the Democratic candiilate for 
 governor in 1.801: elected in 1810 ami 1811, and 
 again defeated in 1812; electetl Vice-I'ri'sident of 
 the I'nited States as a Democrat in 1812; died at 
 I Washington. D. C. November 2:5, 1814. 
 
 1 Gerry. Elbridge i grandson of Elbridge t ierry K 
 was born at Waterford, Me.. DecemU-r l>. 181.i; 
 received an academic e<lucation: stiulied law: 
 I admitted to the har in 18.S9. and In^gan practiceat 
 I Waterfonl: clerk of the State house of repn'.senta- 
 i tives in 1840: ajipivintol State attorney for OxfonI 
 County in 1842, and electeil in 184.'!; State repre- 
 sentative in 1.84t); elected a Repn>sentative from 
 Maine to the Thirty-first Congre.ssas aCass IVnio- 
 crat: moved to Portland, Me., where he eontinueil 
 his practice. 
 
 Gerry, James, was a native of .Maryland: 
 received an academic t^ilucation: si'ttUil at Shrews- 
 Inirv. I'a.: elected a Representative from Pennsyl- 
 vania to the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat ; 
 reelecteil to the Twenty-seventh Congress. 
 
 Gervais, John L.. was a native of iviuth Car- 
 olina; n>prcsented that State in the Continental 
 Congre.ss 1782-8.;. 
 
 Gest, William H. , of Rock Island, 111., wa« 
 horn in Jacksonville. III., January 7, 18,'iS; move<l 
 to Rock Island in 1842, where he afterwards n-- 
 sided: attended Williams College, Massachn.setts. 
 ami trrailualcd in the cliuss of 18mi: electeil to the 
 Fiftieth and Fifty-lirst Ci>ngre.s.scs as a Republican: 
 afti'r expiration of his term in Congn-ss w as electeil 
 one of the circuit judges of the fourtit-nth judicial 
 district of Illinois, 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 551 
 
 Getz, J. La-nrrence, was born at ReadLng, Pa., 
 Se|)teiubiT 14, 1.S21; recfiveil an acadeiiiie educa- 
 tion; studied and practiced law; for over twenty- 
 five years editor of the Reading Gazette and Dem- 
 ocrat; State representative of Pennsylvania in 1856 
 and 1857, one year asspcuker of tlie liouse; elected 
 a Representative from I'ennsy 1 vania to the Fortieth 
 Congress as a Democrat: reelected to the Forty-fir6t 
 and Forty-second (bngresses. 
 
 Geyer, Henry S. , was born in Frederick County, 
 Md.,,in ITil.S; received an academic education and 
 moved to St, Louis, JIo. ; served in the war of 1812; 
 studied law and admitted to tlie bar; began jirac- 
 tice at St. Louis; delegate to the State constitu- 
 tional convention in 1820; State representative 
 1820-1824; the last year was speaker; elected 
 United States Senator "from Missouri, serving from 
 December 1, 1851, to March 3, 1857; one of the 
 counsel in the Dred Scott case; died at St. Louis 
 March 5, 1859. 
 
 Gholson, James H. , was born in Virginia in 
 1798; received an academic education; stvidied law 
 and admitted to the bar; began practice at Perci- 
 vals; elected a Representative from Virginia to the 
 Twentv-third Congress as a Democrat; died at 
 Brunswick, Va., July 2, 1848. 
 
 Gholson, Samuel J., was born in Madison 
 County, Ky., May 19, 1808; pursued classical 
 studies; studied law; admitted to the bar, and 
 began practice at Athens, Miss.; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from that State to the Twenty-fourth 
 Congress (vice David Dickson, deceased) as a 
 Democrat; claimed to have lieen elected to the 
 Twenty-fifth Congress, serving from .January 7, 
 1837, to January 31, 1838, when the seat was 
 declared vacant; appointed United States district 
 judge for Mis.sissippi in 18.39; active in the civil 
 war; was appointed June 1, 18(54, brigadier-general 
 in the Confederate armv; died at Aberdeen, Miss., 
 October 16, 1883. 
 
 Gholson, Thomas, a nati\e of Virginia; re- 
 ceived an acaileuiic education; studied law and 
 admitted to the liar; began practice in Brunswick 
 County, Va. ; elected a Representative from that 
 State to the Tenth Congress (viceJohn Claiborne, 
 deceased las a Democrat; reelected to the Eleventh, 
 Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteentli Congresses, 
 serving from November 7, 1808, to July 4, 1816, 
 when he die<l, in Brunswick County, Va. 
 
 Gibbons, William, was native of f ieorgia; rep- 
 resented that State in the Continental Congress 
 1784-1786. 
 
 Gibson, Charles Hopper, of Easton, Md., was 
 born January 19, 1842, in Queen Anne County, 
 ]\Id.; educated at Centerville Academy, at Wash- 
 ington College, Cliestertown, and at the Archer 
 School, in Harford County; commenced the study 
 of law in 1S62; admitted to the bar in 1864, and 
 commenced practice at Easton; ajjpointed by 
 President Johnson in 1867 collector of internal 
 revenue for the Eastern Shore district, but his 
 nomination was rejected liy a majority of one 
 vote; appointed in 1869 auditor and commissioner 
 in chancery, which offices he resigned in 1870 to 
 accept the appointment liy the court of State 
 attornej' for Talliot County, to which position he 
 waselected in 1871 and again in 1875, holding the 
 office for three consecutive terms; elected to the 
 Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses 
 as a Democrat; ajiiiointeci T'nited States Senator 
 to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Ephraim 
 K. Wilson, and took his seat December 7, 1891; 
 
 elected to fill the unexiiired term January 21, 
 1892; resumed the practice of law after leaving 
 Congress; he died Marcli 31, 1900. 
 
 Gibson, Eustace, of Huntington, W. Va., was 
 born in Culpeper County, Va., October 4, 1842; 
 received a common education in the ordinary 
 Virginia schools of that day; studieil law and 
 conniienced the practice in the spring of 1861; 
 enlisted in the Confederate army June, 1861, as 
 first lieutenant; made cajitain in 1863, and retired 
 on account of wounds; member of the constitu- 
 tional convention of Virginia in 1867-68; settled 
 in Huntington in 1871; elected to the hou.se of 
 delegates of West Virginia in 1876, and by that 
 house elected speaker; a Hancock elector in 1880; 
 elected to the Forty-eighth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; reelected to the Forty-ninth Congress; after 
 leaving Congress he resumed the practice of law. 
 
 Gibson, Henry Richard, of Knoxville, Tenn., 
 
 was born on Kent Island, Queen Anne County, 
 ;\Id., in 1.837; educated at Blailensburg, Md., and 
 at Hobart College, Geneva, X. Y., from which he 
 graduaded in 1862; served in the Commissary 
 Department of the Federal Army from March, 
 1863, to July, 1865; in September, 1865, entered 
 the Albany, N. Y., Law School; in Decendaer, 
 1865, was licensed to practice law by the supreme 
 court of New York at Albany; in January, 1866, 
 moved to Knoxville, Tenn., and there began the 
 practice of law; in Octo))er, 1866, moved to .lacks- 
 boro, Campbell County, Tenn.; appointed com- 
 missioner of claims by Governor William G. 
 Brownlow in 1868; elected a delegate to the con- 
 stitutional ('onvention which framed the present 
 constitution of the State in 1869, but refused to sign 
 or vote for the constitution because of some ob- 
 noxious provisions; elected a member of the State 
 senate in 1870; Republican nominee for Presi- 
 dential elector in 1872; elected a member of the 
 Tennessee house of representatives in 1874; moved 
 back to Knoxville in 1876 and formed a la\v part- 
 nershiii with Judge L. C. Honk; founded the 
 Knoxville Republican in 1879 and became its 
 editor; Republican nominee for Presidental elector 
 in 1880; appointed post-office inspector in 1881 
 and as such investigated the postal service on the 
 Mississippi River and its tributaries and the star- 
 route service west of the Rocky Mountains; be- 
 came editor of tlie Knoxville Dail)' Chronicle in 
 1882; appointed Cnited States pension agent at 
 Knoxville in 1883 for the southern district; elected 
 chancellor of the second chancery division of Ten- 
 nessee for a term of eight years in 1886; published 
 Suits in Chancery in 1891; professor of medical ju- 
 risprudence in the Tennessee Medical College in 
 1889; degree of LL. D. was conferred u|)on him by 
 Hobart College, his alma mater, in 1892; elected 
 to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and 
 Fifty-seventh Congresses, and reelected to the 
 Fifty-eighth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Gibson, James King', was b<irn in Abingdon, 
 Va., Feliruary 18, 1812; attended the common 
 schools; went to Limestone County, Ala., in 1833; 
 merchant; returned to ^'irginia, and was deputy 
 sheriff of Washington County 1834-35; postmaster 
 at Abingdon 1838-1849; became interested in farm- 
 ing; elected a Representative from ^'irginia to the 
 Forty-first Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Gibson, Paris, of Great Falls, Jlont., was born 
 at BrownficM, Oxford County, Me., July 1, 1830; 
 graduated from Bowdoin College in 1851, and 
 soon after elected a representative to the State 
 legislature of Maine; located in Minneapolis, Minn., 
 in 1858, and in connection with W. W. Eastman 
 
552 
 
 CONORKSSIONAL DIRKCTOKY. 
 
 Imilt the lirft lluur mill <il' tlmt city; later, Imilt 
 ami i>|n'rutv(l tlio "North Star" wikiIcii mill in 
 the same place; loeatcd at Kort Heiitdii, Mi^iit., 
 in 1S7!I, where he ln'came interested in the tirst 
 tioek (if sheep ilrivt'ii intii nnrtliern Muntuna; 
 fuunileil theeity of (ireat Kails in 1XSL>, of which 
 he was the lirst mayor; chosen delegate to the 
 convention in 1SS!» at which was frameil the con- 
 etitntion of the State of Montana; elected to rep- 
 resent his comity in the State senate in KS'JO; in- 
 annnratecl the mnnicijial park system of Montana; 
 elected to the Tnited Stales Senate March 7, liHIl, 
 as a l)emocrat to till the vacancy occasioneil l>y 
 the resignation of Hon. \V. A. Clark in 190t), and 
 took his seat Decemlier 2, IHOl. 
 
 Gibson, Randall Lee, of New < )rleans, La., was 
 born Si'ptt'iiilvcr 10, ls;i'J, at Sprin;; Hill, near Ver- 
 sailles, U'oodford Connty, Ky., the home of his 
 (inindl'ather; edmated in Woodford County, in 
 Lexin^'ton, Ky., and in Terre ]?onne I'arish, La.; 
 at Yale College, wlu're he gra<hiated in lS.'iH; at 
 the University of Louisiana, in the law depart- 
 ment of which he received a dii)loma in 18.55; 
 served in the Southern army in the war of scces- 
 sion and rose throiisrh the different ^'rades to the 
 command of a ilivision; after the war, hegan and 
 contimied the practice of law in theeity of New 
 Orleans, and was also a planter; elected to the 
 Forty-third Congress, but denied admission; 
 elected to the Forty-fourth, Forty-lifth. Forty- 
 sixth, and Forty-seventh Congrcssis as a Demo- 
 crat; elected to the Senate of the United States 
 without o|>position for the term that commenced 
 March 4, 1SS:>; reelecterl in IS.ss, serving until his 
 death, at Hot Springs.',.\rk., Decendx-r 15, 1S;)2. 
 
 Giddings, De Witt C, was" born in Sns(|ue- 
 hanna County, i'a., ,Iuly 18, 1827; received an 
 academic e<lucation; studieil law at Honesdale, 
 Pa.; admitted to the bar in Texas in 1S.52, juactic- 
 iug at Brenham; served throughout the civil war 
 in the Confederate army; a member of the State 
 constitutional convention of 18Gt>; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Texas to the Forty-second Congress 
 as a HemoiTat, but. .Mr. Clark having received the 
 certilicate of election, Mr. (iiildings was not given 
 the seat; reelected to the Forty-third Congress 
 and elected to the Forty-Hfth Congress. 
 
 Giddings, Joshua Reed, was born at Tioga 
 Point I now .\theusi. I'a., October (>, 17;t5; moved 
 to Ohio anil located in .\shtabtda Connty ; served 
 in the war of 1S12; taught school, ami obtained a 
 good edn<at ion; stmlied law, admitted to the bar 
 in 1821, and began practice at .Jefferson; State 
 representative in 182(1; elected a Representative 
 from Ohio to the Twenty-tifth Congress as an Anti- 
 Slavery Whig ( vice F.lisha Whittlesey, resigned) : 
 reelected to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-.seventh 
 Congress(>s; resigned Nlarch 22, 1842, after a vote 
 of censure had been pa.s.-ed on him by the House; 
 elected to the TwenI vseventh, Twcutv-eighth, 
 Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, Thirty-tirst. " Thirty- 
 seconil. Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, and Thirty- 
 fifth Congres.ses; appointed consul-general to 
 Canada by President Lincoln; ilied at Montreal 
 Mav 27, 1864: publisheil a work on Florida, ami 
 a history of the great rebellion. 
 
 Giddings, Napoleon B., was a Hdi'gate from 
 Nebraska Territory to the Thirty-thiril Congress; 
 took his seat .Tamuiry 5, IS.Vi. 
 
 Gifford, Oscar Sherman, of Canton, S. Dak., 
 was born at Watcrtown. N. Y., Octotn-r 21), 1842; 
 received a common .school and academic educa- 
 tion; serveil in the Union Army as jirivate in the 
 
 Klgin ^lll. I Hattery l.st;:!-l,S(i,"i; studied law; ad- 
 mitted to the bar in 1870, and pra<-liced; electeil 
 district attorney for Lin<<>ln Comity in 1874; 
 mayorof theeity of Canton 18S2-8:;; inemberof the 
 constitutional convention of Dakota which con- 
 vened at Sioux Falls September 7, 18,S,'{; elected 
 to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Filty-lirst Con- 
 gri>.«ses as a Hepublican; resumed the practice of 
 law after leaving Congress. 
 
 Gilbert, Abijah, lH)rn at Gillx-rtsville, Otsego 
 County, N. Y., June 18, 1806; attendeil Hamilton 
 CVillege, X. Y.; became a merchant in New York 
 City; moved to Florida and elected to the United 
 States Senate as a Republican, .serving from March 
 4, 1869, to March :{, 1875; died at (iilbertsville, 
 N. Y., November 23, 1881. 
 
 Gilbert, Edward, was a native of New York; at- 
 tended the]Mililicscliools; moved to.'^an Francisco, 
 Cal.; eleclid a Reiiresentative from California to 
 the Thirty-lii'st Congress as a Democrat, serving 
 from ."September 11, 1850, to March '.i, 18.')I ; died in 
 California in 18t)2. 
 
 Gilbert, Ezekiel, was born at Midilletown, 
 Conn., in 175.'); pui>ued classical studies, and grad- 
 uated from Yale College in 1788; studied law, 
 admitted to the bar, and began practice at Hudson, 
 N. Y. ; ele<'ted a Representative from New York 
 to the Third and Fourth Congresses; died at 
 Hudson, N. Y., July 11, 1842. 
 
 Gilbert, George Gilmore, of Shelbyville, Ky.. 
 was born in Spencer County, Ky. ; educated in the 
 conimon schools of the neighborhood until 18 
 years of age; went to Cecilian College in 18<>8 and 
 181)9; afterwards studied the Latin, (ireek, and 
 French languages at Lyndlaiicl Institute, in Ken- 
 tucky; taught school for .several years and studied 
 law at the same time; attemled University of 
 Louisville, and graduated from the law department 
 in 187.'!; began practicing law in Taylorsville, Ky., 
 in 1874; elected county attorney of Spencer 
 County in 1876 and held that office for four years; 
 electeil to the State senate from the counties of 
 Shelby, Spencer, and Nelson in 1.S.S5; helil that 
 position for four years; made chairman of the 
 judiciary committee of the Kentucky senate in 
 1887; delegate from the Eighth Congre.'-sional dis- 
 trict of Kentucky to the Democratic national con- 
 vention held at Chicago in 1896, and Kentucky's 
 reprc-^eiitative on the committee on i«-rnianent 
 organization at that convention; electeil to the 
 Fifty-.sixth and Fifty-seventh Congre.s.ses and 
 reelected to the Fifty-eighth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat. 
 
 Gilbert, Sylvester, was born at Hebron, Conn., 
 in 17-")6; pursued cla.ssical studies and graduated 
 from Dartmouth College in 177-'>; studied law; 
 admitted to the har in 1777 and U-giin practice at 
 at Hebron; a colonial representative in 1780. 
 State attorney for Tolland County 178l>-l,S07; chief 
 judge of the county court and judge of the probate 
 court 1.807-1818; principal of a law school I.SIO- 
 1818; elected a Ke|>re.sentative from Connecticut 
 to the Fifteenth Congress (vice Uriel Holmes, re- 
 signed ), serving from Novemltt^r 16. 1818, to Man-h 
 :{, 1819; again judge of the county court 1.820-1825; 
 electeil State reiiresentative in 182(); died at 
 Hebron, Conn., .laiuiary Iti, 1846. 
 
 Gilbert, William A., was a native of Connecti- 
 cut; att<'nded the public schools; moved lo Roch- 
 esterConnty, N. Y.; elected a Representative from 
 that State to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Whig, 
 .serving until his a'signation, February 27, 1857. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 553 
 
 Giles, Join, was born in Rowan County, N. C, 
 July ]t>, 17SS; pursuing classical studies, gra<luated 
 from the University of North Carolina in 180S; 
 studied law; admitted to the bar and practiced for 
 more than thirty years at Salisbury; elected a 
 Representative to the Twenty-first Congress and 
 declined to serve on accourt of ill health; a mem- 
 ber of the State constitutional convention in 1835; 
 died at Stanley, N. C, March 2, 18-16. 
 
 Giles, William Branch, was born in Amelia 
 County, Va. , August 12, 1762; pursuing classical 
 studies, graduated from Princeton College in 1781 ; 
 studied law and admitted to the l.)ar; Presidential 
 elector on the Jefferson ticket in 1801; elected 
 as a Democrat to the First Congress, vice Theo- 
 dorick Bland, deceased; reelected to the Second, 
 Third, Fourth, and Fifth Congresses, serving from 
 December 7, 1790, to March 3, 1799, when he 
 resigned; elected to the Seventh Congress; ap- 
 pointed United States Senator (vice Abraham B. 
 Venable, resigned), and took his seat November 5. 
 1804, and was then elected United States Senator 
 (vice Wilson Cary Nicholas, resigned), serving 
 from November .5, 1804, until his resignation, 
 March 3, 1815; governor of Virginia 1826-1829; 
 died in Albemai-le County, Va., December 4, 1830. 
 
 Giles, "William Fell, was born in Harford 
 County, Md., Ajiril s, 1807; received an academic 
 education; studied law; admitted to the bar in 
 1829 and began practice at Baltimore; elected a 
 Representative from ^Maryland to the Twenty- 
 ninth Congress as a Democrat; ajipointed United 
 States district judge by President Pierce. 
 
 Gilfillan, Calvin W. , was born near Newcastle, 
 Pa., February 20, 1832; attended Westminster Col- 
 lege, Pennsylvania; studied and practiced law; 
 superintendent of schools of Mercer County for 
 two years; a clerk in the State house of represent- 
 atives in 1859; appointed attorney for Venango 
 County in 1861, and elected in 1862 for three 
 years; {dected a Representative from Pennsylvania 
 to the Flirty-first Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Gilfillan, John B., of Minneapolis, Minn., was 
 born at Barnet, Caledonia C<ounty, Vt., February 
 11, 1835; graduated from the Caledonia County 
 Academy in 1855, and then moved to Minneajiolis; 
 studied law; admitted to the liar in .Tuly, 1860, and 
 jiracticed; a member of the board of education 
 ISiiO-l'^iiS; an alderman of the city of Minneapolis 
 18(io-l.S(i9; prosecuting attorney of Hennepin 
 County 1863-1867 and 1869-1873; city attorney 
 of Minneapolis 1861-1864; member of the State 
 senate of J\Iinnesota 1875-1885; regent of the State 
 University of Minnesota in 1880; elected to the 
 Forty-ninth Congress as a Rejiublican. 
 
 Gill, Joseph J., of Steubenville, Ohio, was born 
 September 21, 1846, at Barnesville, Belmont 
 County, Ohio; reared at Mount Pleasant, in Jeffer- 
 son County, to which place his parents returned 
 when he was about 2 years old; received an aca- 
 demic education; graduated from the law school 
 of the University of Michigan in 1868; practiced 
 law at the Jefferson County bar; subsequently en- 
 gaged in banking, and later in manufacturing and 
 iron mining; a large employer of labor, and as a 
 candidate for Congress was indorsed by labor or- 
 ganizations throughout the district; electeil to the 
 F'ifty-sixth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by 
 'the death of Lorenzo Danford, and to the Fifty- 
 seventh Congress, and reelected to the Fifty-eighth 
 Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Gillespie, Eug'ene P., was born at Greenville, 
 Mercer County, Pa., September 24, 1852; educated 
 
 in the common schools of Greenville, at St. 
 Michael's College, Toronto, Canada, and at Alle- 
 gheny College, Meadville, Pa. ; admitted to the bar 
 in August, 1874, and practiced ; elected to the Fifty- 
 second Congress as a Democrat; returned to Green- 
 ville, Pa., anil practiced law until he died, Decem- 
 ber 17, 1899. 
 
 Gillespie, James, was a native of North Caro- 
 lina; pursued classical studies; elected a Represent- 
 ative from that State to the Third, Fourth, Fifth, 
 and Eighth Congresses, serving until January, 
 1805, when he died. 
 
 Gillet, Charles William, was born at Addison, 
 N. Y., Novendier 26, 1840; graduated from Union 
 College, Schenectady, N. Y., class of 1861; enlisted 
 as a private in the Eighty -sixth Regiment New 
 York Volunteers, August, ISfil; made adjutant of 
 the regiment, Noveuiber, 1861, and .served as adju- 
 tant until discharged the service for disabilities in 
 1863; elected to the Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty- 
 fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses, 
 and reelected to the Fifty-eigiith Congress as a 
 Republican. 
 
 Gillet, Ransom H., was born at New Lebanon, 
 N. Y., January 2-7, 1800; receiveii an academic 
 education; studied law at Canton; admitted to the 
 bar, and practiced at Ogdensburg; postmaster 
 there 1830-1833; delegate to the Democratic con- 
 vention at Baltimore in 1832; elected a Represent- 
 ative from New York to the Twenty-third and 
 Twenty-fourth Congresses as a Democrat; ap- 
 pointed commissioner to treat with the New York 
 Indians 1837-1839; a delegate to the Democratic 
 convention in 1840; appointed Register of the 
 Treasury, serving from .\pril 1, 1845, to May 27, 
 1847, when he was appointed Solicitor of the Treas- 
 ury, serving until (jctober 31, 1849; appointed 
 assistant attorney-general, serving 1855-1858; ap- 
 pointed solicitor of the Court of Claims, serving 
 18-58-1861; died at Washington, D. C, October 
 24, 1876. 
 
 Gillett, FrederickHuntington, of Springfield, 
 Mass., was liorn at Westfield, .^lass., October 16, 
 1851 ; graduated from Amherst College in 1874 and 
 from Harvard Law School in 1877; admitted to 
 the bar at Springfield in 1877; assistant attorney- 
 general of Massachusetts from 1879 to 1882; elected 
 to the Massachusetts house of representatives in 
 1890 and 1891; elected to the Fifty-third, Fifty- 
 fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh 
 Congresses, and reelected to the Fifty-eighth Con- 
 gress as a Republican. 
 
 Gillette, Edward Hooker, of Des Moines, 
 Iowa, was born at Bloomfield, Conn., October 1, 
 1840; completed his education at the New York 
 State Agricultural School in 1862; moved to Des 
 Moines. Iowa, in the spring of 1863 and engaged 
 in farming, building, and manufacturing; delegate 
 to the national convention that met at Indianapolis 
 in 1876 and nominated Hon. Peter Cooper for 
 Pi-esident; elected to the Forty-sixth Congress as 
 a member of the National Cxreenback Jiarty, re- 
 ceiving also the nomination of the Democratic 
 party. 
 
 Gillette, Francis, was born at Broomfield, 
 Conn., Decemlier 14, 1807; pursued classical .studies, 
 and graduated from Yale College in 1829; com- 
 menced the study of law; a strong temperance and 
 antislavery advocate; elected a United States Sen- 
 ator from Connecticut as a Free Soil Whig (\ice 
 Truman Smith, resigned), serving from May 25, 
 1854, to !March 3, 1855; several times defeated for 
 governor; member of the State house of repre- 
 
554 
 
 CONCiHKSSIUNAL HI KKCH >KY. 
 
 cvntfltivos; cliairnian of the iHianl dl" cilucalinii df 
 I'dniii'i'liciit 1K4<I-ISI1.'); difd at Ilartfiir.l, Conn., 
 Si-pti-inl«T ;!0, IS7!I. 
 
 Gillis, James L.. wa.< licirn at lli'ludn, Wasli- 
 in(;t(in (cUMity, N. Y., Oitdhcr 1', I7!I2; atlendcil 
 till' |inl>lii' scliciolf; liccanii-a tanner; d-rvcd in the 
 warof ISIL'; inuvcd to Kid;;\vay, I'a., in IS".':!; State 
 leiiresentative IS^O and IS'il ; one of the jud>.'es of 
 Jefferson Ccinnty in 1.S41'; State senator in IS4."); 
 eleeted a He]iresenlative from I'ennsvlvania to the 
 Thirty-lil'tli Conjrress as a Denioerat. 
 
 Gillou, Alexander, was liorn at KottenUni]. 
 Holland, in 1741; rireived an academie education; 
 eleeted a Kepre.sentative from Sontli Carolina to 
 tlieTldrd ('oni.'ress, .-ervinj; nntil Oetolierli, 17!I4, 
 when he died at (iillon's Retreat, S. C. 
 
 Gilman, Charles J., a native of New Hamp- 
 shire, was liorn in ISL'4; )iursned elassical stndies; 
 stndied law and admitted to the liar; lie^an prac- 
 tieeat Ilrnnswiek, Me.; eleeted a Kepresentative 
 from Maine- to the Thirty-lifth Conjrress a*" a He- 
 ])iihliean; dieil Felirnary "), 1901. 
 
 Oilman, John Taylor (hrother of Nieliola.s 
 (iilman), was horn at Kxeter, N. H., Decemher 
 19, 17n3: oneof the niinutemon of 177.'); adeleixate 
 to the convention of theStatesat Hartford inOeto- 
 lier. 17S(I: Delejiate from New Hampshire to the 
 Continental Con;;re.ss 1 7Sli- 1 7S.'i ; State treasnrer 
 in 1791; ■:overnor of New Hamiishire 1794-lS(l."): 
 defeated the same year by John I.ant.'don, iK-mo- 
 erat, for same olliee; aj:ain defeated for governor 
 asa Federalist in ISli'; ayain eleeted in 181.5, 1S14, 
 and 181,^, deelininn a reelection in ISHi; clied at 
 Exeter, N. H., September 1, 1828. 
 
 Gilman, Nicholas, was horn at Kxeter, N. H., 
 in ]7(iL'; receivecl an academic edncation; served 
 a.s an olheer during the Kevolntionary war; Dele- 
 gate from New Hampshire to the Continental 
 Congress 17sr)-1788; elected a Ivejirescnlative from 
 that State to the First, Second, Third, and Fonrth 
 Congresses; elected to the I'nited States Seiiali' as 
 a HemiM-rat; reelected, .serving from Hecendier 2. 
 180.">, until his ileath, May 2, 1814, at Philadelphia. 
 
 Gilmer, George B. , was born in Wilkes County, 
 (ia., .\))ril 17, 179(i; receiveil an academic erlnca- 
 tion; stndied law and admitted to the bar; ln>gHn 
 practicing at Lexington; .-^crved in ther..s;. .\rmy 
 in 181.S; resigneil in 1818, resuming ])ractice at 
 ].,exingtoii; State representative in 1818, 1819, and 
 1824; governor of (Jeorgia 1829-1.h:{1 ; eleeted a 
 Re|)resenfiitive from that State as a Democrat to 
 the Seventeenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-thinl 
 Congresses; again elected governor of Georgia 
 l.s;i7-18H9; I're.siilential elector on the Harrison 
 ticket in 1840; died at Lexington, (ia., November 
 In, 18.i9. 
 
 Gilmer. John A. , was born in Guilford County, 
 N. ('., November 4, 180.T; received an academic 
 education; studied law; admitted to the bar in 
 18,S2; iK'gan practicing at ^ireensboro; ."^tate .sen- 
 ator 184t>-185(>; <lefeated as the Whig candidate 
 for governor in I85(>; eleoteil a Representative 
 from North Carolina to the Thirty-lifth ('ongre.«s 
 as an .\merican; reelected to the Thirty-sixth 
 Congrc-s; a member of the Second Confederate 
 Congress; delegate to the national I'nion conven- 
 tion at riiiladeliiliia in LStiii; died at (ireensboro, 
 >'. C, May 14, l.sti8. 
 
 Gilmer, Thomas W., was a native of Virginia; 
 attended the public schools; stndiecl law; adniitteil 
 to the bar; conuneuced practice at Charlottes- 
 ville; for several years State representative, two ' 
 
 vears of which time was speaker; governor of 
 Virginia 184(1-41; ele<'te<l a Repre.setitative from 
 Virginia to the Twenty-.seventh ( ongre.ss its a 
 Whig; reeleited to the Twenty-eighth Congress as 
 a Dcmoirat, .serving until February 1'), 1844, 
 when he was appointed Secretary of the Navy; 
 killed by the bursting of a gun on board the U. S. 
 steamer /'ilnrtlun, near Washington, D. C, Febru- 
 ary 28, 1.S44. 
 
 Gilmore, Alfred, wasanativeof I'ennsylvani.i; 
 alleJided the public schools; lived at " Butler; 
 elected a Representative from IVnusylvania to 
 the Thirty-lirst Congress as an opposition candi- 
 date, anil ri't'lected to the Thirty -.second Congress. 
 
 Gilmore, John, was a native of Butler, I'a. ; at- 
 tended the public schools; elected a reiire.^entative 
 from I'ennsyhania as a Jackson Democrat to the 
 Tweritv-tirst and Twentv-second Congre.s.ses ; died 
 at Butier, Pa., May 18, 1845. 
 
 Gist, Joseph, was born in I'nion District, .S. C, 
 January 12, 177"); move<l to Charleston, where he 
 attended classical scIioipI; stn<lied law. ancl in 1799 
 was admitted to the bar; began prai'ticc in I8(K) at 
 Pinckneyville; State rejiresenlative 1S(H to l.sli); 
 electi'd a Reprcsi-ntative from .*^onth Carolina to 
 the.Seventeenth, ICighteenth, and Nineteenth Con- 
 gres-ses, declining a reelection; died at Pineknev- 
 ville, S. C, Mav 8, 18:!t;. 
 
 Glascock, John Rag-land, of ( )akland, Alameda 
 County, Cal., was born in Panola County, Miss., 
 August 2ii, 1845; received a collegiate eilucation at 
 the I'niversity of California an<l the I'niversity of 
 Virginia; studied law; admitted to the bar and 
 has since ]>racticed; district attorney of .Vlameda 
 County, Cal., 1875-1877; elected to the Forty- 
 eighth Congress as Congressman at large from 
 ('alifi>rnia as a Democrat; served one term as 
 mayor of Oakland; resumed the practice of law. 
 
 Glascock. Thomas, was a native of Georgia; 
 attended the pnlilic schools at .\ugusta; served as 
 lieutenant in the Revolutionary Army, also in the 
 camiiaiL'n agaiiist the Creek Indians; elected a 
 Representative from (ieorgia as a Democrat to the 
 Twenty-fourth Congress, ami reelected to the 
 T went v-tifth Congress: died at Decatur, (ia.. Mav 9, 
 1.H4!. 
 
 Glasgow, Hugh, was a native of Pemisylvania; 
 attended the public schools; elected a Represent- 
 ative from Pennsylvania to the Fourteenth Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Glass, Carter, of Lynchluirg, \'a., w;us Ix.rn in 
 that city .lamiary 4, 1858; e<lucated in the private 
 and public school.s of the town and in the iiews- 
 pajn'r business; served eight years in the mechan- 
 ical department of a jirinting otliee, and after- 
 wards, in successive stages, tilled the jiositions of 
 reporter, city editor, ami editor; owner of the 
 Daily News, the morning paper of the city, and 
 the Daily Advance, the afternoon pajier; elected, 
 without solicitation, to the \'irginia State senate 
 for the session of 1899-l!t03, and to the Virginia 
 constitutional convention in 1901; five vears a 
 member of tlu' board of visitors of the I'niversity 
 of Virginia; resigned from the Virginia Slate sen- 
 ate to contest for the .seat in the Fifty-.-eventh 
 Congress made vacant bv the death of the late 
 Maj. P. J. (Itey; eleited November 4, 1902, for tin' 
 luiexpireil term in the Fifty-seventh and the full 
 term in the Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Glass, Presley T., was lK>rn in Halifax Counlv, 
 Va., Octoln-r 18, 1824; moved with his parents In 
 1828 to Weakley County, Tenn., when- he was 
 
BIOGRAPHIKS. 
 
 555 
 
 brought up; educaterl at the Dresden Academy; 
 elected colonel of militia at 18 years of aire; studied 
 law; attended one course at the Lexington (Ky.) 
 Law School; admitted to the bar in 1847; com- 
 menceil the practice of law in partnership with 
 Hon. E. Ktheridge, and the same year elected .a 
 memlier of the State legislature; major commissary 
 in the Confederate service; chiefly a farmer and 
 businessman; again elected to the legislature in 
 1882, when he was chairman of the committee on 
 agriculture and was the author of the bill to 
 establish an agricultural experiment station at 
 Knoxville, Tenn.; elected a Representative to the 
 Fort\'-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses as a Democrat; 
 diedat Eipley, Tenn., October 9, 1902. 
 
 Glen, Henry, was a native of Albany County, 
 N. Y., served in the Revolutionary war; State 
 representativ.e 17815-87; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Third, Fourth, Fifth, and 
 Sixth Congresses; again a State representative in 
 1810; ilied at Schenectady, August 14, 1814. 
 
 Glenn, Thomas Louis, of ]\Ionti)elier, Idaho, 
 was l)orn in Ballard Cunnty (now Carlisle County I, 
 Ky., Feliruary 2, 1847; educated in the public 
 schools, and took a course at the Commercial Col- 
 lege, Evansville, Ind.; member of Compiany F., 
 Second Kentucky Cavalry, C. S. A., John H. Mor- 
 gan's lirigade; was wounded in battle at Mount 
 Sterling, Ky., .June 9, 1864, and captured and im- 
 prisoned in Transylvania University, at Lexing- 
 ton, until September 9 of said year, when he was 
 paroled and went home; never returned to the 
 army, as his wound (his right shoulder beingshat- 
 tered) did not heal until 1868, the war in the mean- 
 time having closed; elected clerk of Ballard County, 
 Ky., in 1874, and reelected in 1878; elected to the 
 senate of Kentucky from the second district in 
 1887 for a term of four years, and served in regu- 
 lar sessions of 1887-88 and 1889-90; admitted to 
 the practice of law in 1890; elected to the Fifty- 
 seventh Congress as a Populist. 
 
 Gloninger, John, was a native of Pennsylvania; 
 
 elected a Repre.'^entative from that State to the 
 Thirteenth Congress, serving until August 2, 1813, 
 when he resigned. 
 
 Glossbrenner, Adam J. , was born at Hagers- 
 town, Md., AugustSI, 1810; self-educated; learned 
 the art of jirinting and became a publisher of the 
 Western Telegraph in Hamilton, Ohio, 1827-28; 
 went to York, Pa., in 1829, puljlishing the York 
 Gazette 1835-1858; clerk in the Pennsylvania legis- 
 islature in 1838; was a clerk in the House of Repre- 
 sentatives in the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth 
 Congresses; and in the State Department 1848-49; 
 for ten years Sergeant-at-Arnjs of the House of 
 Representatives; President T5uchanan's private 
 secretary 1860-61; elected a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Thirty-ninth Congress and 
 reelected to the Fortieth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Glover, John Milton, of St. Louis, Mo., was 
 born at St. LduIs, Mu., .June 23, 1852; educated at 
 AVashington University, St. Louis, Mo.; studied 
 law; admitted to the bar; business member of the 
 firm of (ilover & Shepley, attorneys at law ; elected 
 to the Forty-ninth Congress as a Democrat; re- 
 elected to the Fiftieth Congress. 
 
 Glover, John Montg-omery, was born in iler- 
 cer County, Ky., September 4, 1824; inirsued a 
 college cour.se; studied law and adndtted to the 
 bar; appointed colonel of cavalry by President 
 Lincoln and commissioned colonel by the gov- 
 ernor of Missouri September 4, 1861; resigned in 
 1864; collector of internal revenue 1866-67 for the 
 
 third district of Missouri; elected a Representative 
 from Missouri to the Furty-third, Forty-fourth, 
 and Forty-fifth Congresses as a Democrat; died 
 at Newark, Mo., November 12, 1891. 
 
 Glynn, Martin H., of Albany, N. Y.,was born 
 in the town of Kinderhook September 27, 1871; 
 educated in the public schools and graduated frfjm 
 St. John's College, Fordham, at the head of the 
 class of 1894; four years later this institution hon- 
 ored him with the degree of master of arts; after 
 graduation he studied law and became a mendjer 
 of the Albany County bar and the New York State 
 Bar Association; rliil journalistic work on several 
 papers until he liecauie managing editor of the 
 Albany Times-Union; elected to the Fifty-sixth 
 Congress as a Democrat; in March, 1901, appointed 
 a Uniteil States conniiissioner to the St. Louis 
 Exposition of 1904. 
 
 Goddard, Calvin, was born at Shrewsl)ury, 
 Mass., July 17, 1768; pursuing classical studies, 
 graduated from Dartmouth College in 1786; studied 
 law, and admitted to the liar in 1790; began prac- 
 ticing at Plainheld., Conn.; State representative 
 1791-1806, three years as speaker of the house; 
 elected a Representative from Connecticut to the 
 Seventh and Eighth Congresses; moved to Norwich 
 in 1807; member of the executive council 1808- 
 1815; Presidential elector on the De Witt Clinton 
 ticket in 1812; delegate to the Hartford convention 
 in 1814; judge of the superior court 1815 and'1818; 
 mayor of Norwich for seventeen years; died at 
 Norwich, Conn., May 2, 1842. 
 
 Godshalk, "William, nf New Britain, Pa., was 
 born at East Nottingham, Chester County, Pa., 
 October 25, 1817; attended the conunon scliools; 
 for a time a student at the Union Academy, 
 Doylestown; elected associate judge of Bucks 
 County in October, 1871, and served the full term 
 of five years; electeil to the Forty-sixth Congress 
 as a Republican; reelected to the Forty -seventh 
 Congress; died February 6, 1891. 
 
 Goflf, Nathan, jr., of Clarksburg, W. Va., was 
 born there February 9, 1843; educated at the 
 Northwestern Virginia Academy, Georgetown Col- 
 lege, an<l the University of the City of New York; 
 admitted to the bar in 1865; elected a memlier of 
 the West Virginia legislature in 1867; appointed 
 United States attorney for the district of West 
 Virginia in 1868, to which jjosition he was reap- 
 pointed in 1872, 1876, and 1880; resigned the dis- 
 trict attorneyship in January, 1881, when he was 
 appointed Secretary of the Navy by President 
 Hayes; in March, 1881, President <!ar(ield reap- 
 pointed iiirn district attorney for A\\'st Virginia, 
 which position he again resigned in July, 1882; 
 he enlisted in the Union Army in June, 1861, in 
 the Third Regiment Virginia Volunteer Infantry; 
 served as lieutenant of Company (i, also as adju- 
 tant of said regiment, and as major of the Fourth 
 Virginia Volunteer Cavalry ; Kepulilican candi<late 
 for Congress in 1870 in the First West Virginia dis- 
 trict, as also in the year 1874; candidate of the 
 Republican party for governor of West Mrginia in 
 1876and defeated by Hon. H. M. Mathews; elected 
 to the Forty-eighth Congress as a Republican, and 
 reelected to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Con- 
 gresses; in 1888 elected governor of West A'irginia 
 on the face of the returns by a plurality of 130 
 votes; the election was contested by A. 13. Flem- 
 ing, the Democratic candidate, who was seatt'd as 
 governor by a majority vote of the ley:islature; 
 appointed United States circuit judge of the fourth 
 circuit March 17, 1892, by President Harrison. 
 
r)5(i 
 
 CONUKKSSIONAL DlKKCToKY. 
 
 Goggin, William L., \vn.« Ixnii in lU-dford ' 
 County, \';i., M:i\ :!1. ISOT; riMvivcil iiii acailiMiiic 
 (•(Incut ioii: stiiiliicl law: adtuittiMl tn iIr- liar in | 
 ISL'S; l)i';;an piaiticr at Wiiu-lu'sti-r, Va.; State 
 rciirt'Sontjitive in is:!ti; rli'ili'il a Hi-prcscntative 
 from Virginia a.s a Whig to the Twenty-sixth and 
 Twenty-tieventliC'oiigrcssi's; I'lcctcd totlii'Twt-nty- 
 I'ighth" Congress (vice T. \V. ( iihuef, resigned ), and 
 elected to the Thirtieth Congress; l)ecaine a fanner; 
 defeated as tlie Wliig candidate for governor in 
 ISliO hy .lolin Letcher, Democrat; died at Kidi- 
 inond, \'a., . January r<, 1S70. 
 
 Gold, Thomas R., was a native of New York; 
 pursuing classical studies, graduateil from Yali- 
 College in 17S(i; located at Whitestown, Oneida 
 Comity; State senator 17i»7-ISOl'; State represent- 
 ative in ISdS; elected a Kepresentative from New 
 York as a Kederalist to the Kleventh, Twelfth, 
 and Fourteenth Congresses; died at \Vhite.«town, 
 N. Y., June I'L', ls2(i. 
 
 Goldfogle, Henry Mayer, of New York Citv. 
 was born there May "J.S. ISoti; e<lucateil in tlu' ])\il>- 
 lic schools and admitted to the bar at the age of 
 21, after having passed the examination at the 
 head of his class; elected justice of the lifth dis- 
 trict court in New York in 1SS7 and reele<te(l in 
 180:{ without opposition; became oneof the judges 
 of the municijial court of New York, and retired 
 from the bench on .lamiary 1, 1900, to resimie the 
 practice of law; an alternate to the national Dem- 
 ocratic convention in ISilL', anil in ISIKla delegate 
 to the national Democratic convention; elected to 
 the Fifty-seventh Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Goldsborough, Charles, was born in Marv- 
 
 land in 1700; jiursued academical studies; held 
 several local ollio-s; elected a Kepreseiitutive from 
 Marvland as a Federalist to the Ninth, Tinth, 
 Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirti'enth. and l-"ourteentli 
 Congresses: governor (jf .Maryland 1K18-19) ilied 
 at Shoals, M.I., Decendter 13,'l834. 
 
 Goldsborough, Robert, was born at Cam- 
 briilgi', Md., in 17.".:!: pursued acailemical studies: 
 studied medicine anil graduated from the I'hila- 
 ilelphia College in 1700; prominent in ante-Revo- 
 lutionary movements: Delegate from Maryland to 
 the First Continental Ci>ngress, 1774-75; died at 
 Cambridge, Md., Decendier 31, 1788. 
 
 Goldsborough, Robert Henry, was born at 
 North Kaston, .Md., in 17.S(l; received an academic 
 eilucation; elected a I'niled States Senator from 
 Maryland, serving from May 2A, Isl.S, to March .S, 
 1819; again elected a I'nited .states Senator as a 
 Whig (vice Kzekiel F. Chambers, resigned), serv- 
 ing from January 2.S, 1S3.5, until his death at 
 North Ea«ton, Md., October .5, 1836. 
 
 Goldthwaite, George, was born at lioston. 
 Mass., December 10, 1.S09; pursueil academical 
 studies; move<l to .\labama; studied law and 
 admitted to the bar: chief justice of the State 
 .supreme court for several years; a<ljutant-general 
 of the .'^tate <if .Mabanui during the livil war; 
 elected a Cnited States Senator from Alabama as 
 a Democrat, serving from January 1.^, 1872, to 
 March 3, 1877; die.l at Montgomery, Ala., March 
 l.s, IK79. 
 
 Goldzier, Julius, of Chicago, 111., wn< born at 
 Vienna, .\nstria, .January 20, 18.i4; came to New 
 York in I.SOO and seltleil at Chicago in IS72, where 
 he practice<l law; in .\pril, 1.S90, became a member 
 of the city council of ( hicago, and served until the 
 end of his term, in 1892; elected as a Democrat to 
 the Fifty-third Congress. 
 
 Golladay, Edward I. , was borti September 9, 
 ls;;i, at Lebanon, Tenn.; received a liberal educa- 
 tion: studied law, and in l.H.")2 admitted to the bar; 
 mendier of the .State legislature in lS.">7-.'i8; Pr(«i- 
 dential elei-tor on the Hell-Kverett ticket in 18t«); 
 served in the Confederate army; elected a Kepre- 
 sentative from Tennessee to the Forty-second Con- 
 gress as a Democrat. 
 
 Golladay, J. S., received a public school edu- 
 cation; was elei'ted as a Kepre.sentative from Ken- 
 tucky to the Fortieth Congress as a llemocrat, 
 vice Elijah Ilise, deceasi'd; reelected to the 
 Forty-first Congress, serving from Decemlx'r .i, 
 18(17, to February 2S, 1870, when he resigned. 
 
 Gooch, Daniel Iiinn, wa.s horn in Kumsey, 
 McLean County, Ivy. ; educateil at a jirivate school; 
 deputy goyernor-genend of the Society of .S(uis of 
 Colonial Wars; elected a Iiepre.sentativefrom Ken- 
 tucky as a Democrat to the I'"ifty-..;eventh an.l 
 Fifty-eighth Congres.ses. 
 
 Gooch, Daniel W. , was born at \Vells, Me., 
 January 8, 1820; graduated from Dartmouth Col- 
 lege in 1843; studied law and in 1840 was ad- 
 mitte<l to the bar; |iractici'il at lioston; member 
 of the State Ikju.^c of representatives in Ki'J; 
 mend)er of the State i-oiistitutional convention in 
 18.")3; elected a Ki'presentaliv<' from Ma.«.sichusetts 
 to the Thirty-tifth, Thirty-sixth, Thirty-seventh, 
 Thirty-eighth, ami Thirty-ninth Congresses; re- 
 signed iH'fore taking his seat in the Thirty-ninth 
 Congress, having been appointi'd iiavv agent of 
 the port of Boston iti 181)."); removed by President 
 Johnson from the port of Boston in less than a 
 year; elected tothe Forty-thinI Congress; defeated 
 for reelection to the Forty-fourth C'ongress; ap- 
 jiointed pension agent at Boston by President 
 Crant; ilied at Melrose, Mass., NovemK-r 1, 1891. 
 
 Goode, John, jr., of Norfolk, Va., was horn in 
 Bedford County, Va., May 27. 1829; attended the 
 New London .^cailemy in early life, and graduated 
 from Emory and Henry College in l.MS; studied 
 law; admitted to the bar in .Vpril, 1.8.")I; elected 
 to the Virginia house of delegates in 1,S.t1 and 
 1.S.50; on the Democratic ticket as Presidential 
 elector in li*<.')2and 18.")ti; electeil in IStiOa ineinl)er 
 of the State convention of Virginia w hich passed 
 the ordinance of secession; twice elected a mem- 
 ber of the Confe<lerate Congress, and served in 
 that capacity from February 22, 1802, until the 
 close of the war; appointed a meiuber of the 
 national Democratic executive committee in 1,S08. 
 and reappointed in 1872 for four years; elected to 
 the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, and Forty-sixth 
 Congres.ses as a Democrat; re.«iuued the practice 
 of law at WashiiiL'ton, D. C. 
 
 Goode, Patrick G., was a native of Virginia: 
 received a liberal education; studied law anil ad- 
 . mitted to pr.utice; located at Sidney, Ohio, where 
 he ])racticeil several years; elected a Kepresenta- 
 tive from Ohio to the Twenty-lifth, Twenty-sixth, 
 and Twenty-si'venth Congres.ses. 
 
 Goode, Samuel, received a limited e<lncation: 
 was a memlK-r of tlie Virginia State legislature; 
 elected a Kepre.sentatiye from Virginiato the .'^ixth 
 
 Congress. 
 
 Goode, William O., was born in Mecklenburg 
 County, Va., September 10, 17!IS: graduated from 
 William and Mary College; studied law and in 
 l.'<21 was admitted to the bar; lH>gan the practice 
 of his iirofessiou at Boydtown: .servtil .several years 
 in the State legislature; elected a Representative 
 from \'in.'inia to the Twenty-seventh Congress as 
 
BIOGBAPHIES. 
 
 557 
 
 a Democrat; again served several terms in the 
 State legislature and speaker of the house three 
 terms; a delegate to the State constitutional con- 
 vention in 1850; elected to the Thirty-third Con- 
 gress with Imt little opposition; reelected to the 
 Thirty-fourth, Thirty-tifth, and Thirty-sixth Con- 
 gresses; died at P.oydtown, Va., July 3, 1859. 
 
 Goodenow, John M. , was born in Massachu- 
 setts in 1782; received a limited education; studied 
 law and admitted to the bar; began practicing his 
 profession at Steuben ville, Ohio; elected a Eep- 
 resentati\'e from Ohio to the Twentj'-first Congress 
 as a Jackson Democrat; resigned April 9, 1830, on 
 account of having been chosen judge of the su- 
 preme court of Ohio; died at Steubenville, Ohio, 
 in 1838. 
 
 Goodenow, Robert, was born at Farmington, 
 N. H., June 10, 1800; received a liberal education 
 and studied law; admitted to the bar in 1821; be- 
 gan the practice of his profession at Farmington; 
 county attorney 1S28-1834 and 1841; moved to 
 Maine and resumed practice at Paris; elected a 
 Eepresentative from Slaine to the Thirty-second 
 Congress as a Whig; appointed State bank com- 
 missioner in 1857. 
 
 Goodenow, Rufus K. , was born at Henniker, 
 X. H., April 24, 1790; moved to Maine and located 
 at Brownticld; receive<l a limited education; en- 
 gaged in farming; a captain in the war of 1812; 
 moved to Paris, Me. ; clerk of the Oxford County 
 courts 1821-1837; served in the State house of 
 representatives; a Presidential elector on the Har- 
 rison ticket in 1840; elected a Representative from 
 Maine to the Thirtv-first Congress as a Whig; 
 died at Paris. Me., Jlarch 24, 1863. 
 
 Goodhue, Benjamin, was born at Salem, Mass., 
 October 1, 1748; graduated from Harvard College 
 in 1766; member of the State senate 1784-1789; 
 elected a Representative from Massachusetts to 
 the First, Second, and Third Congresses; elected 
 a United States Senator from Massachusetts (vice 
 George Cabot, resigned), serving from December 
 6, 1796, to 1800, when he resigned; died at Salem, 
 Mass., July 28, 1814. 
 
 Goodin, John B., was born at Tiffin, Ohio, 
 December 14, 1836; moved with his father to 
 Kenton, Ohio, in 1844; educated at the Kenton 
 and Geneva College; studied law and in 1854 ad- 
 mitted to the bar; moved to Kansas in 1859 and 
 resumed the practice of law; elected to the State 
 legislature in 1866; judge of the seventh judicial 
 district of Kansas 1868-1875; elected a Represent- 
 ative from Kansas to the Forty-fourth Congress 
 as the reform and opposition candidate. 
 
 Goodnight, Isaac Herschel, of Franklin, Ky., 
 was born in Allen County, Ky., January 31, 1849, 
 where he lived on a farm until November, 1870; 
 moved to Franklin; received his primary education 
 in the common schools; graduated from Cumber- 
 land University, Tennessee, in 1872; attended the 
 law department of the same university until 1873; 
 practiced law; rejiresented Simpson County in the 
 State legislature in 1877-78; elected to the Fifty- 
 first Congress as a Democrat, and reelected to tlie 
 Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses; elected 
 judgeof theseventh Kentucky circuitcourt district. 
 
 Goodrich, Chauncey, was l)orn at Durham, 
 Conn., October 20, 1759; graduated from Yale C(j1- 
 legein 1776; studied law and in 1781 was admitted 
 to the bar; began the practice of his profession at 
 Hartford; member of the State house of represent- 
 atives in 1793; elected a Representative from 
 
 Connecticut to the Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Con- 
 gresses; member of the State executi^-e council 
 1802-1807; elected a United States Senator from 
 Connecticut (vice Uriah Tracy, deceased), serving 
 from November 27, 1807, to" 1813, when he re- 
 signed; lieutenant-governor of Connecticut in 1814, 
 died at Hartford, Conn., August 18, 1815. 
 
 Goodrich, Elizur, was born at Durham, Conn., 
 March 24, 1761; graduated from Yale College in 
 1779; studied law and admitted to the liar; began 
 the practice of his profession dt New Haven in 
 1783; elected a Representative from Connecticut 
 to the Sixth Congress as a Federalist; appointed 
 collector of customs at New Haven, and removed 
 by President Jefferson; for seventeen years judge 
 of tlie probate; held several local offices; for nine 
 years professor at Yale College; mayor of New- 
 Haven 1803-1822; died at New Haven, Conn., 
 November 1, 1849. 
 
 Goodrich, John Z., was born in Sheffield, 
 Mass., September 27, 1801; received a liberal edu- 
 cation; studied law and admitted to practice; a 
 Presidential elector on the Harrison ticket in 1841; 
 served two years in the State legislature; elected a 
 Representative from Massachusetts to the Thirty- 
 second and Thirty-third Congresses; member of 
 the peace congress in 1861; collector of customs 
 at Boston 1861-1865. 
 
 Goodrich, Milo, was born at Homer, N. Y., 
 January 3, 1820; received a liberal education; 
 studied law and admitted to practice; member 
 of the State constitutional convention 1867-68; 
 elected a Eepresentative from New Y'ork to the 
 Forty-second Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Goodwin, Henry C, was born at Deruyter, 
 N. Y., June 25, 1824; received a liberal education; 
 studied law and in 1846 admitted to practice; be- 
 gan the practice of his profession at Hamilton, 
 N. Y. ; district attorney 1847-1850; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New" Y'ork to the Thirty-third 
 Congress (vice Gerrit Smith, resigned) as" a Re- 
 publican; died at Hamilton, N. Y., November 12, 
 1860. 
 
 Goodwin, John Noble, was born at South 
 Berwick, jNIe., October 18, 1824; graduated from 
 Dartmouth College in 1844; studied law and in 
 1848 admitted to practice; began the practice of his 
 profession at South Berwick; member of the State 
 senate in 1854; elected a Representative from 
 Maine to the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Repub- 
 lican; moved to Arizona Territory in 1863, having 
 been appointed chief justice of the Territory, which 
 position he held until September, 1865; elected a 
 Delegate from Arizona Territory to the Thirty- 
 ninth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Goodwin, Peterson, was a native of Virginia; 
 received a liberal education; studied law and ad- 
 mitted to the bar; elected a Representative from 
 Virginia to the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, 
 Twelfth, Thirteenth, F<jurteenth, and Fifteenth 
 Congresses; died February 21, 1818. 
 
 Goodwyn, Albert Taylor, was born at Robin- 
 son Springs, Ala., December 17, 1842; educated at 
 South Carolina College and the University of Vir- 
 ginia, from which latter institution he gratluated in 
 1867; memberof the State house of representatives 
 1886-87, and memberof tlie State senate from 1892 
 to 1896; State inspector of convicts from 1874 to 
 1880; in the Confederate army, and nuistered out 
 at the close of the war as captain of a company of 
 sharpshooters; nominated for the Fifty-fourth Con- 
 gress by the People's, Jeffersouian" Democratic, 
 
55S 
 
 CX)NGREs?S10XAL DIRKCTOKY. 
 
 an<l KepuWioan parties; the certitiiiite of elei-- 
 tioii »;i5= jrivfii til JaHi«^ E. Cobb, but as the result 
 of a ixmtest for the seat the Committee on Klee- 
 tions rv|>orte<i in favnr of the contestant, anil on 
 .\pril 21. 18!H>. iia.-is«Ni a n>solution imseatinjt Mr. 
 Cobb anil awaniini: the seat to Mr. Gooilwvn: 
 ttx>k his >^at AjTil •-*•-'. ISlHi. 
 
 Goodyear. Charles, wras bom at CoWeskill, 
 N. Y.. April L'ti. l.sui: grailuaterl from I'nion Col- 
 lege in 1S24: stuilieil law. anil in 1S"J4 ailinitteil to 
 the l>i>r: memN'r of the State hous«' of repres«'nta- 
 tives in ls;>!i; iip|u>inte<l tirst jmli.'e of S-hoharie 
 Comity in 1S4! : eWte<l a Representative from New- 
 York to the Twenty-ninth Consire:^ as a Demo- 
 crat: resnmeil the praetioenf law and continual 
 until ISiS. when he en^iss^l in the liankin^ busi- 
 ness: ele<.'teil to the Thirty-ninth Contrress: dele- 
 gate to the national I'nion convention at Philadel- 
 phia in IStiti. and to the IVmocratic national o in- 
 vention at New \*ork in 18«i8. 
 
 Gordon, E. J., of Coudersport. Pa., waselecteil 
 to the Fiftv-third Congrwa and took his seat Feb- 
 ruan- SX lV95. 
 
 Gordon, James, was lK>m in Ireland in 1743: 
 emijiratt^l to .\nierii.-st and locateil at S<-henevtady. 
 X. Y., where he engage^l in Indian tradins:: sei ve<l 
 asai-olonel in the Revolutionary war: Im-ated at 
 Ballstiin. and elected a member of the .^'ate house 
 of representatives 177S-1790: electt^l a Kepn>sent- 
 ative fn.>m New York to the Third Congress: a 
 State senator 1797-1S04: rnuntv judge: died at 
 Ballston, N. Y.. January 17. IS 10. 
 
 Gordon, John B., of .\tlanta, Ga.. was bom in 
 
 Upson Cnunty. <ia.. Febrviary 6. 1832: educateii 
 at the I'niversity of tleortria: read law and ad- 
 mitteil to the bar: at the lieginninsi .if the war en- 
 tereil the Confe^lerate army as i-aptain of infantry, 
 and mvupieil the jinsitions of major, lieutenant- 
 colonel, i-olonel. brigadier-general, and major- 
 general, respectively: commanded the seci'tid 
 army corj*: commandetl one wing of General 
 Lee's anny at Appt>mattox: the Democratic i-an- 
 didate for governor of Geiirgia in 18»v><: member 
 of the national l>emocratic convention in lS«i8 and 
 in 1872: electeil Presidential eUvtor for the State 
 at large in ISrtSand in 1872: electee! to theT'nite<i 
 States Senate as a IVmocnit in 1>72. and took his 
 st-at Man-h 4. 1873. servins to March 3. 18,>o: re- 
 eleeteil in 1"<79: electeil governor in 1.886. and 
 reele«-ted in 188S: electe<l I'niteil Statt-s Senator 
 in 1890. serving from March 4. 1S91. to March 3. 
 1897: after leaving the I'nited States Senate he 
 devoteil his time to farming. 
 
 Gordon. Robert Bryarly, of St. Marys. Ohio, 
 was Imrn in Auglaize County. < 'hio. .Vugust t>. 
 IS^o: re«vive<l his eilucation in public schools at 
 St. Marys; electeil to the Fifty sixth and Fifty- 
 seventh Congresses as a l>emocrat. 
 
 Gordon, Samuel, was a native of New Y'ork; 
 resideil at Delhi, where he receiveil a public s^-hoiil 
 olucatiou: s»>rve<l in the State hoa<eof representa- 
 tives 1820, 1.821. and 1.834: electeil a Representative 
 frviiu New York to the Twentv-A-vcuth Congress 
 asa IVmoiT.it: reeUvtol to thet'wenty-niiith Con- 
 grv!*': provost-uiarshal for the nineteenth district 
 of New York w;:^-is«>i. 
 
 Gordon, William, was l>om in 17t">.3: graduated 
 tTfin Ilarvani I'nllege in 1779: studicil law and 
 admitteil til practiiv: ele<te<la Repre><'ntative from 
 New Hanijishire to the Fifth and Sixth Congresses; 
 resigueil in 1S01>: died at Boston, Mass., Mav 8, 
 1S02. 
 
 Gordon, William F. , was a native of Albemarle 
 Ciiunty. Va. ; reit-iveii a lilieral tilucation; elected 
 a Representative from Virginia to tlie Twentv-tirst 
 Congre*' as a 1 Vmocrat ( viiv Hives, n-signiil i , and 
 tCMik his seat .lanuary 2o. 18;?ii: reelet-ted to the 
 Twenty-seisind and Twenty-thinl Congr^jaees: dietl 
 near I.indseys .^tore, Va.. July 2. I.s.>s. 
 
 Gore, Christopher, was bom at Boston. Ma.**"., 
 Septemlier 21, 17-t8: gradiiateil from Har\ariltCo|- 
 lege in 177H: studieillaw; admitteil tothebarand 
 liegan practice at Boston: I'niteii States attorney 
 for the di.«trict of Ma.ssachiisftts 1789-17v'»j: com- 
 mis!-ionertii England 1 79<>-18ii3: chargv' d'affaires 
 at I>inilon 18tl;>— 1; a meniK-rof the State house 
 of representatives and .^tate senate: governor of 
 Ma.^iiachu.-ietts 180!t and 1810; electeil a I'nitetl 
 .States Senator from M:issichusetts (vi<.-e James 
 Lloyd, resigneili. serving from Mav 28, 1813, to 
 181t>. when he n>signetl: a tnistee of tlaj-\-ard Uni- 
 versity: dieil at Waltham. Mass.. March 1, 1S27. 
 
 Gorbam, Benjamin, was 1>oto at Charlestown, 
 Mass.. Febniary 13. 177-'i: graduateil fmm Cam- 
 bridge in 179.i: studicil law and admitteti to the 
 bar at Boston: electeil a Representative from Ma^ 
 sachusetts to the Sixteenth Congn-s' (in place ot 
 Jonathan Mason. resigne<l i and tiMik his seat No- 
 vemlier 27. 1S20: electeil to the Twentieth and 
 Twenty-tirst Congresses; for a short time a mem- 
 ber of the State K-gislature: died at Boston. Maa$i., 
 September 27. 18.>5. 
 
 Gorham. Nathaniel ( father of Benjamin Gor- 
 hami. was burn at I'harlestown. Ma-*., May 27. 
 1738: attendeil the public st-hools: entereil u)>i'na 
 men-antile career: a memlier of the i-olonial li-gis- 
 laturv 1771-177.T: deli-gate to the ]inivincial i-on- 
 gr<¥S 1774-7.i; memtier of the lioanl of war 1778- 
 1781; delegate to the State constitutional conven- 
 tion in 1779: Delegate from Massachusetts to the 
 Continental Congress 1782-S:i. and again 1785-1787, 
 serving the latter jiart of his tenn as presiding 
 officer: delegate from Massachusetts to the Federal 
 i-onstitutional convention in 1788; for several 
 year? a judge of the court of i-nmnion pleas: be- 
 came interesteil in the pun-hase and settlement of 
 lands in the lienesee Valley, New Y'ork: dieil at 
 Charlestown. Mass.. June 11, 1796. 
 
 Gorman, Arthur P., of Laurel. Md.. was bom 
 in Howanl County. Md.. Mar»-h 11 1S>9; attended 
 the jmblic sihools in his native countv for a brief 
 jieriml; appointeil (lagv in the Senate ot theUnited 
 States in 18o2. and i\>ntinueil in the servitv of the 
 Senate until IStW. at which time he was jmstmaster; 
 on the 1st of Septendvr. l.Viti, he was removed 
 frvim his iKisition and immeiliately apjH>inte<l lol- 
 lector of internal revenue for the tilth district of 
 
 Maryland, which otlitv he held — • •' ■■•.: 
 
 of the tirant Administration in - - '. 
 
 he wasapixiinteil adir^vtor in t:. I 
 
 dhio Canal Comjiany. and in Nnveti ; 
 
 memN-r of the house of delegatt>soi I ■! 
 
 legislature as a Deinivrat: reeleitdl in i,N71. then 
 
 I electeil sjo-aker of the house of delegati'S at the 
 ensuing st-ssion: in June, 1872, electeil president 
 
 I of the Ches;iix>ake and Ohio Canal Comjiany; 
 elev'tcil to r>'present Howanl County in the Mary- 
 
 I land State s*'nate in 187.^. and refl»Ht»il in Ni>- 
 veml>or. 1879. for a term of four years: eliHteil 
 
 I in January. 1880, to the Unite.1 .states .Senate as a 
 I»emiHrati to stuveeii William Iliiknev Whyte; 
 
 I toi.k his seat Mart li 4. 1S81 ; retlecteil in 1888. l,st»2, 
 and Si.'ain in 1902. taking his seat Mar^-h 5. H»03. 
 
 Gorman. James SedgT»rick, of Chclsta. Mich.. 
 ' w!is Imrn on a farm in the township of Liudtm, 
 
BIOGBAPHIES. 
 
 559 
 
 Wajhtenaw County, Mich.. December 28, 1850: 
 l)eg;in his oilucation in a log schoolhouse: gradua- 
 ted from the Union School at Chelsea; graduated 
 from the law department of the University of 
 Michigan iu 1876, and engaged in the practice of 
 law iu the city of Jackson; two years assistant 
 pri>secuting attorney; moveil to the village of Dex- 
 ter, near his own home, in 1879; elected to the 
 lower hoiL-^e of the Michigan legislature in 1880; 
 elected to the State senate in 1886 from the fourth 
 district, and reelecteil in 1888; elected to the Fifty- 
 second Congre-ss as a Democrat; reelected to the 
 Fifty-third Congress; after the expiration of his 
 term in Congress he returned to his farm near 
 Chelsea, Mich. 
 
 Gorman. Willis Arnold, was born near Flem- 
 ingsburg. Ky.. January V2. 1814; received an aca- 
 demic education anci studied law; admitted to the 
 bar in 1835; 'began practice at Bloomington, Ind., 
 the same year; clerk of the Indiana senate 1837-38; 
 major and colonel of Indiana volunteers in the 
 Mexican war: elected a Representative from Indi- 
 ana to the Thirty-tirst Congress as a Democrat: 
 reelected to the Thirty-second Congress; Territo- 
 rial governor of ^linnesota 1853-1857; delegate to 
 the constitutional convention of Minnesota in 1857; 
 practiced law at St. Paul, Mmn., 1857-1861; entered 
 the Union Army as colonel of the First Mirucsota 
 Volunteer Infantry: commissioned brigadier-gen- 
 eral September 6, 1861; elected citv attomev of 
 St. Paul in 1869: died at St. Paul May 20, 18'.6. 
 
 Goss, James H., was born at Union, S. C, 
 August 9, 1820: attended the public schools; be- 
 came a merchant: a delegate to the State consti- 
 tutional convention in 1867: elected a Representa- 
 tive from South Carolina to the Fortieth Congress, 
 serving from July 18, 1868, to March 3, 1869. 
 
 Gott, Daniel, was a native of Connecticut, at- 
 tended the public schools; elected a Representative 
 from 2\ew York to the Thirtieth Congress as a 
 Whig; reelected to the Thirty-first Congress. 
 
 Gould, Herman D., was a native of Connec- 
 ticut, received an academic education; elected a 
 Representative from Xew York to the Thirty-first 
 Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Gourdin, Theodore, received an academic edu- 
 cation: elected a Rejiresentative from South Caro- 
 lina to the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat, 
 serving from May 24. 1813, to .March 2, 1815. 
 
 Govan, A. R. , was born at Orangebm-g, S. C. ; 
 pursued cla.-^sical studies; elected a Representative 
 from South Carolina to the Seventeenth Congress, 
 vice James Overstreet, deceased; reelected to the 
 Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses without 
 opposition. 
 
 Gove, Samuel F. , was born at Weymouth, 
 Mass.. >Iarih 9. 1822; attended the public schools: 
 elected a Representative from Georgia to the For- 
 tieth Congress, ser\ing from Julv 25, 1868, to 
 March 3. 1869. 
 
 Grady, Benjamin F., of Wallace, X. C, was 
 born in Duplin County, N. C Octoljer 10, 1831: 
 attended old field schools: entered the Univereity 
 of North Carolina in 1853, and graduated from 
 that institution in 1857: elected professor of math- 
 ematics and natural sciences in Austin College, 
 then located in Huntsville. Tex.; remained in 
 Austin College till he enlisted in a Texas Confed- 
 erate regiment: served in the Trans-Mississippi 
 Department until captureil with his whole com- 
 mand at Arkansas Post, January 11, 1863: al>out 
 three months a prisoner at Camp Butler, Illinois; 
 
 when exchanged was sent to General Bragg's army 
 at Tullahoraa, Tenn.. in which he servetl until 
 the close of the war. in Cleburne's division: twice 
 woumled at Franklin, Tenn.; locateil in North 
 Carolina at the close of the war and engaged iu 
 teaching, which occupation he followed for ten 
 years, when he engaged in agricultural pursuits; 
 superintendent of pulilic schools of Duplin County 
 from 1881 to 1888, and justice of the peace from 
 1879 to 1890; elected to the Fifty-second and Fifty- 
 third Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Graff, Joseph V. , of Pekin, Tazewell County, 
 111., was born at Terre Haute, Ind., July 1, 1854; 
 graduated from the Terre Haute high scliool at 
 the age of 16; also attended Wabash College, at 
 Crawfordsville, Ind., one year; studied law anil 
 admitted to the bar while living at Delavan, 111., 
 in 1879; a delegate to the national Republican con- 
 vention at Minneapolis in 1892; elected to the 
 Fiftv-fourth Congress as a Republican; reelected 
 to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and 
 Fifty-eighth Congresses. 
 
 Graham, James (brother of William A. Gra- 
 ham), was born in Lincoln County, N. C Janu- 
 ary, 1793; received a classical education and grad- 
 uated from the I'niversity of North Carolina in 
 1814; studied law; admitted to the bar and prac- 
 ticed with great success for many yeai's: moved 
 to Rutherford County, which he represented in 
 the house of commons of North Carolina in 1822, 
 1823, 1828, and 1829: elected a Representative to 
 the Twenty-third, Twenty -fourth. Twenty-fifth, 
 Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses, 
 generally without opposition, serving from Decem- 
 ber 2, 1833, to March 3, 1843, excepting from 
 JNIarch 25. 1836, to December 5, 1836, when a 
 Democratic House declared the seat vacant, but 
 at a new election again elected: defeated for the 
 Twenty-eighth Congress; elected to the Twenty- 
 ninth Congress as a Whig; retired to private life 
 and engaged in agricultural pursuits: died in 
 Rutherford County, N. C, in September, 1851. 
 
 Graham, James H. , attended the public 
 schools: elected a Representative from New York 
 to the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Graham, John H., iif Brooklyn, N. Y., was 
 born at Belfast, Ireland, April 1, 1835; three 
 months later he came with his parents to this 
 country, settling in Brooklyn: educated in the 
 public schools of Brooklyn, and in his youth served 
 an apprenticeship of five years as a carpenter and 
 builder; in the fall of 1861 recruited Company A, 
 Fifth Regiment Heavy Artillery, New York Vol- 
 unteers, and served three years as its captain, and 
 for gallant and meritorious service at Harpers 
 Ferry and in the Shenandoah Valley. Mrginia, 
 was commissioned as major and brevetted lieuten- 
 ant-colonel; after the war entered the wholesale 
 hardware business; nominated in 1892 as a Presi- 
 dential elector by the New York State Democratic 
 convention, but resigned on the supposition that 
 his position as director of a national bank would 
 render him ineligible; elected to tlie Fifty-third 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Graham, William, was born March 16, 1782: 
 attended the public schools: studied law, admit- 
 ted to the bar. and practiced at \'allonia. Ind.; 
 delegate to the State constitutional convention; 
 speaker of the house of representatives in 1820; 
 member of the State senate; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Indiana to the Twenty-fifth Congress as 
 a Whig, serving from September 4, 1837 to March 
 3, 1839; died near Vallonia, August 17, l.'*5S. 
 
5(>0 
 
 0ONORE98IOXAL DIRKCTORy. 
 
 Oraham, William Alexander (lirothor nf 
 Jaiiu'S ( iniliaiii I, was Ihhii in l.iiu'olii I'uuiity, 
 N. l'., So) iti'inliiT "i, 1S(»1: rt'ciivi'ila classical edu- 
 cation; uraiiiiatcil Inmi tlic I'liivcrsity of Nortli 
 Carolina in lSl'4; stndicil law al NcwIhiii: ailniit- 
 teil to till' t>ar anil licpui inacticiii); at Uillslioro; 
 inemlHT ol the lionsi- of conunons of North Car- 
 olina l.S:i:!-lS40; docti'ii a I'nitiHl States Senator 
 (vice Koliert SlraUjic, resij;ne<n, sorvin;; from 
 Oeceinher 10, 1840, to :\Ian-li 8, IM:!; elected gov- 
 ernor of North Carolina in 1S44 as a Whiji; re- 
 elected in 1S4(): after declining; the mission to ! 
 8pain, in 1S4!I, wiu-- Secretary of the Navy from 
 July L'O, ISiO, \nitil March "", 18r>:i; AVhis candi- I' 
 date for Vice-President in ISiSi;: Senator in the 
 Second Confederate Congress; dolefjate to the I 
 Philailelphia I'liion convention in lS6t>; died at 
 Saratoiia Sprinp;, N. Y., Anfiust 11, 1S75. | 
 
 Graham, William Harrison, ivf Allegheny, 
 Pa,, was liorn there Aiiirnst .i, 184-1; attended the • 
 imhlic schools of that city; at theafteof ITenlisted 
 in a I'ittslnii-jr company, hnt Pennsylvania's quota 
 heing full, thev chartered a steamer, went down 
 the river to \\ hei'lins;, and were accepteil ther<>, 
 l)ec-onntig Company A, Second Virginia Infantry; 
 after a service of two years the regiment was 
 nioiii\ted, becoming the I'ifth West \'irginia Cav- 
 alry; wounded in engagement at White Sniphnr 
 Springs. Va.; pri'.sident of the Mercantile Trust 
 Company and Central Accident Insurance Com- 
 pany of Pittslmrg; served three successive terms 
 as recoriler of deeds of Allegheny County; repre- 
 sented his city during four sessions of the Penn- 
 sylvania legislature; elected to the Fifty-tilth 
 Congress at a sjiecial election held Noveiuher 20. 
 1808, to till vacancy caused hy the rcsi'jnation of 
 William A. Stoni','an<l to tlie Fifty-sixth Con- 
 gress, and reelected to the Fiftv-seventh (.'ongrcss; 
 aefeateil forrif lection to the Fifty-eighth Congress. 
 
 Granger, Amos P. , was horn at Sutlield, Conn. , 
 .lune :>. IT.'^O; altendeil the puMic schools; moveil 
 to Manlius, N. Y., in 1811, where he was i>n'sident 
 of the corporation several years; served as captain 
 in the war of 1812; moving to Syracuse, N. Y., in 
 1820 became a merchant; elected a Hepresentative 
 from New York to the Thirty-fourth Congri'ss as a 
 Whig; reelected to theThirty-tifth Congress; died 
 at Syracuse, N. Y., Aug\ist 20, 18tit). 
 
 Granger. Bradley F., wasnativeof New York; 
 attended the public schools; moved to Ann .\rbor, 
 Mich.; elected a Hei)resentative from that Slate to 
 the Thirty-seventh Congri-ss as a Kepublican. 
 
 Granger, Francis (son of Gideon Granger), 
 was born al Sultield, Conn., lVcemlH>r 1, 1702; 
 pursuing da.ssical stu<lies, he graduated from Yale 
 College in 1811; studie<l law; admitted to the bar 
 ill 181t>, commencim; practice at Canandaigua, 
 N. Y.; member of the Slate house of representa- 
 tives 1 82(1-1 8;tl ; Iwiie candidate of the National 
 Kepublicans for governor of New York and 
 defeated; delegjite to the National .\nti-Mii.s<inic 
 convention at Philadelphia Sejitend)er 11, 18:10; 
 defeated a- the National Kepublican candidate for 
 Vice-Prcsiileiit in IS.Sl; elei'tiil a Hepn'sentative 
 from New York to the Twentv-fourlh Congii'ss as 
 a Whin; defeated as the Whig candidate for the 
 Tweiity-fiilh Congress by >lark A. Sibley: elin-ted 
 to the Twenty-sixth Congress; appointed by Pres 
 ideiit llarri.son l'i«stma.s|cr-(ieneral. serving from 
 March (1, 1841, U< Scplemln'r 18, 1.S41: elected to 
 the Twenty-.seventh Congresj< lusa Whig ( vice.Iohn 
 <in-ig, resigned), serving from I>eceinl>er 7, 1841, 
 to Man-h ;i, l.><4:<; his "silver gray" hair was as- 
 sumed as a name by a (xirtion of the Whig |>arty 
 
 in New York; delegate to the |>eace convention 
 in 18I>1; died at Canandaigua, N. Y., August 28, 
 
 18(18. 
 
 Granger, Miles Tobey, was Iwrn in Xew Marl- 
 boro, Herkshire County, Mass., August 12, 1817; 
 at the age of 2 niove<l to Canaan, Conn.; received 
 a common school, academic, and collegiate educa- 
 tion, gnulnating from Wesleyau t'niversitv, Mid- 
 dletown, Conn., in 1842; went to Louisiana in 184:i, 
 where he studied law; admitleil to the bar in Wil- 
 kinson County, Miss., in .\pril, 184."i; relumed to 
 I'anaan, and admitti-d to the bar in Litchlield in 
 .October, 184"); practicisi law in Caniuin from 1847 
 till 1807, when he was elected judge of the supe- 
 rior court of Connecticut, and in 1S7(> elected jiuige 
 of the suiireme court, serving till March 1, 18,S7, 
 when he resigiu'*!; memlK>r of the Connei-ticut 
 house of representatives in 18.'i7, and of the senate 
 in 18(>(l-(>7. at which last session was chairman of 
 the judiciary committee; receiveil the ilegree of 
 LL. 1>. from Wesleyau I'niversity in 1.8.><.'{; held 
 the otlice of judge of the su|>erior court nineteen 
 and a half years consecutively; elected to the 
 Fiftieth Congress as a Democrat; ilied Octolx'r 21, 
 bso.i. 
 
 Grant, Abraham P., was Ixirii at Oswego, 
 N. Y.; attended the jiublic schools; electol a Kep- 
 res«>ntative from New York to the Twenty-fifth 
 Congress as a Democrat, serving from Septeml>er 
 4, l.>«7, to March 3, 18:W. 
 
 Grantland, Seaton, was a native of Virginia; 
 received an academic I'ducatioii; stiuiieil law and 
 admitted to the bar; commenceil practice at Mil- 
 ledgeville, (ia. ; electe<i a Keiuv-sentative from that 
 State to the Twenty-fourth Congress as a I'nion 
 candiilate on a general ticket; reelecte<l to the 
 Twi'uty-lifth Congress; a Presidential elector on 
 the Harrison and Tyler ticket in 1840; died in 
 ( ieorgia. 
 
 Gravely, Joseph J. , was Ixirii in Henry County. 
 Va., in 1828; attended public schools; member of 
 the Slate legislatun' in 18.V5and 18.S4; inoveii to 
 Missouri in l.'^.M; elected to the constitutional con- 
 vention in 18(i0aiid tothe Statesi'iiate in 18(12 ami 
 1804; served in the rnion Army as colonel of the 
 Fighth Mis.souri Cavalry; electeila Heprest-ntative 
 from Missouri to the Fortieth Congress as a Radical. 
 
 Graves. Alexander, of Ix'xington, Mo., was 
 Ikirn in Mississippi .\ugust 20, 1844; at the out- 
 
 j break of the war lie left Centre College, Danville, 
 Kv; joined the Confederate army, serving under 
 (ien. N. 11. Forrest; jiaroled with liiin at (iaines- 
 
 I ville. -\la.. May, 18(vi; returning to college, he 
 graduated from Oakland (now Alcorn) I'niversity, 
 Mis.sis'^ijipi, in .Inly, 18(17; studied law, and gradu- 
 ated from the I'niversity of Virginia in June, 
 18(10; jiractici'd law at Lexington, Mo.; olecte<l 
 city attorney of Lexington in 1872, and in 1874 
 pro.s»ruting attorney of Uifavette County, Mo.: 
 elected to the Forty-eighth Congri'ss as a IK-ino- 
 cral: resume<l the practiiv of law at Ix'xing- 
 toii. Mo. 
 
 Graves. William J., was Ixirn at Newcastle, 
 Kv., in 18(Ci; nveiveti an aiiuleniic ediu-jition; 
 studii-d law; admitleil to ihe bar and commeni-t-il 
 practice; inemlKT of the State house of rejin'- 
 sentalives in 18;{4; oUhIihI a Representative ln>m 
 Ki'iituckv to the Twenty-fourth Congress as a 
 Whig; n>elect«l to the Twenlv-lifth ami Twenty- 
 sixth Congr»'ss«>s; memlier of the Slate K-gisla- 
 ture in 184:1; ilii-d at l^niisville, Kv., September 
 27. 1848. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 561 
 
 Gray. Edwin, was born in Virginia in ITtW; 
 atteniied tlio |nililii' school;;; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Vii-ginia to the Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, 
 Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congi'esses. 
 
 Gray, George, of Newcastle, Del., was born at 
 Newcastle, Del., May 4, 1S40; graduated from 
 Princeton College when 19 years old, receiving the 
 degree of A. B., and in lsti2 the degree of A. M.; 
 after studying law with his father, Andrew C. 
 Gray, he spent a year in the Harvard law school, 
 and admitted to practice in 1S6.S; appointed 
 attorney-general of the State of Delaware in 1S79 
 by Governor Hall, and reappointedattorney-general 
 in 1S8-1 by Governor Stockley; delegate to the na- 
 tional Democratic convention at St. Louis in 1S7(5, at 
 Cincinnati in IcSSO, and at Chicago in 1884; elected 
 to the United States Senate as a Democrat to fill 
 the vacancy caused by the appointment of Thomas 
 F. Bayard as Secretary of State, and took his seat 
 JIarch 19, 1SS5: reelected in 1887 and took his 
 seat ^larch 4, 1887; reelected in 1893, serving 
 until March o, 1899; member of the comndssion 
 which met at Quebec, August, 1898, to settle dif- 
 ference Itetweeu United States and Canada, and 
 later of the commission which met at Paris in 
 September, 1 898. to arrange terms of peace between 
 U'nlted States and Spain; in October, 190:2, ap- 
 pointed chairman of the commission to investigate 
 conditions of the coal strike in Pennsylvania. 
 
 Gray, Hiram, was born at Salem, Washington 
 County, N. Y., April 10, 1802; graduated from 
 Union College in 18-1 ; studied law, and in 1823 
 admitted to the bar; jiracticed at Elmira 1825-28; 
 admitted to jiractice in the Supreme (\iurt in 1823; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Twenty-fifth t'ongress as a Democrat ; appointed by 
 (Tovernor Silas Wright circuit judge and vice chan- 
 cellor of the sixth judicial district of New York in 
 1838; on the abolition of these offices retired to 
 private practice; electeil justice of the supreme 
 court of New York in 1847, and reelecteil in 1851, 
 serving until 18.59; received the degree of LL. D. 
 from Union College in 1867; died at Elmira, N.Y'., 
 May 6, 1890. 
 
 Gray, John' C, was born in Southampton 
 County, Va.; received an academic education; 
 elected a Representative from that State to the Six- 
 teenth Congress (vice .James .Tohnson, resigned), 
 serving from November 18, 1820, to March 3, 1821; 
 defeated for the Seventeenth Congress. 
 
 Grayson, "William, was 1 lorn in Prince William 
 County, "Wi. ; pui-sued classical studies in England 
 and graduated from the Univei-sity of Oxford; 
 studied law at the Temple in London; practiced i 
 law at Dumfries, Va.; was aid-de-camp to General 
 AVashington August 24, 1776; entered the Revo- 
 lutionary Army as colonel of a A'irginia regiment, 
 January], 1777; distinguished himself at tlie battle 
 of Monmouth: delegate to the Continental Con- 
 gress, 1784-17S7; niendierof the Virginia conven- 
 tion of 1788 for the adoption of the Federal Con- 
 stitution, which he opposed; appointed a T'nited 
 States Senator from Virginia to the First Congress, ! 
 serving from May 21, 1789, until he died, at bum- j 
 fries, Va.. :\Iarcli 12, 1790. 
 
 Grayson, William J., was born at Beaufort, 
 S. C, November 10, 1788; received a classical edu- 
 cation, and in 1809 graduated from the South Caro- ' 
 lina College; studied law: admitted to the bar, and 
 began practice at Beaufort: appointed a conimis- ! 
 sioner in equity; a member of the State house of 
 representatives in 1813 and of the State senate 
 
 H. Doc. 4:58 3t> 
 
 in 1831; elected a Representative from South Caro- 
 lina to the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig, and 
 reelected to the Twenty-fourth Congress without 
 opposition; collector of customs at Charleston 
 1841-1843; engaged in planting; diedat Newberry, 
 S. C, October 4, 1863; pulilished the Hireling aiid 
 the Slave, Chicora and other Poems, Marion, the 
 Life of J. L. Petigru, and was a I'ontributor to the 
 Southern Review. 
 
 Greeley, Horace, was born at Amherst, N. H., 
 February 3, 1811; attended the public schools; 
 apprenticed to the art of printing at Poultney, Vt., 
 1826-1830; worked as a journeyman printer in 
 Erie, Pa., and after August. 18;il, at New York 
 City; commenced the publication of the Morning 
 Post, the tii-st 1-cent daily paper, January 1, 
 1833, but it was soon discontinued; pulilished the 
 New Y'orker 18.34-1841; edited the Log Cabin in 
 1840; founded the New York Tribune^ April 10, 
 1841, and edited it until his death; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New York to the Thirtieth Con- 
 gress (vice David S. Jackson, unseated) as a Whig, 
 serving from December 4, 1848, to March 3, 1849; 
 visited Europe in 1851, and was chairman of one of 
 the juries at the World's Fair; visited California in 
 1859 by the way of Kansas and Utah; a Presi- 
 dential elector on the Lincoln and Johnson ticket 
 in 1864; delegate to the State constitutional con- 
 vention in 1867; at the close of the civil war advo- 
 cated univer.'^al amnesty and universal suffrage, 
 and in May. 1867, offered himself as bail for Jef- 
 ferson Davis; in November, 1867, appointed by 
 President Johnson, and continued, as minister to 
 Austria, but declined; nominated l)y the Reform 
 Republicans at Cincinnati in 1872" and by the 
 Democrats at Baltimore as President, but was de- 
 feated by I'. S. Grant: losing his reason, died in 
 an asylum near the city of New York November 
 29, 1872; he published" Hints Toward Reforms, 
 Association Discussed, Glances at Europe, Art and 
 Industry as Represented in the Exhibition at the 
 Crystal Palace, History of the Struggle for Slavery 
 Extension from 1787 to 1856, History of the Amer- 
 ican Conflict, Recollections of a Biisy Life, Over- 
 land Journey from New York to San Francisco, 
 E.<isays on Political Economy, ami many pam- 
 phlets and magazine articles. 
 
 Green, Byram, was native of New York; at- 
 tended the public schools; a member of the legisla- 
 ture in 1816, 1817, 1819, 1820, and 1822; .State" sen- 
 ator in 1823 and 1824; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Twenty-eighth Congress; 
 resided at Sodus, N. Y'. 
 
 Green, Frederick W., was a native of JNIary- 
 land; received an academic education; studied law 
 and admitted to the bar; began practiciniiat Tiihn, 
 Ohio; after holding several local offices was elected 
 as a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-second 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the Thirty- 
 third Congress. 
 
 Green, Henry Dickinson, of Reading, Pa., 
 was born at Reading, Berks County, Pa., i\Iay 3, 
 1857; educated in the public schools of his native 
 city (graduating from the Reading High School in 
 1872) and at Yale University, graduating from the 
 latter with the class of 1877; admitted to practice 
 law at the Berks County l)ar in November, 1879; 
 representative of the city of Reading in the house 
 of representatives of Pennsylvania in the sessions 
 of 1883-84 and 1885-86; member of the senate of 
 Pennsylvania from 1889 to 1896, being originallv 
 elected in November, 1888, and reelected in 1892; 
 elet-ted to the Fifty-sixth Congress November 7, 
 
5»V2 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKOToKY, 
 
 1S()!<, to till tlu> vacancy caus('<l hy tliciii-atli of Hon. 
 Daniel Krincntronl. and reelected to the Kifty- 
 seventh ('on>.'ress as a Democrat. 
 
 Oreen, Innis, waj? l«>rn at Danphin, I'a. ; re- 
 ceived nn academic education; electe<l a Kepre- 
 sentative from I'ennsylvania as a Demoiiat to the 
 Twentieth and Twentv-lirst Congresses, serving 
 from DecemlierU, 1S1.'7. to .March :t, l,s:{l. 
 
 Green, Isaiah Ii. , was a native of !\hissachii- 
 setts; pursued a classical course and graduated 
 from Harvard College in 17S1; studied law and 
 admittc(l to the har and pnuticed; elected a Kep- 
 resentativcfroniMiUssachusetts to the Ninth, Tenth, 
 and Twelfth Congresses; held several local otiices; 
 died in Us41. 
 
 Green, James S., washnrnat rauijuiirCounty, 
 Va., Fehruary iS, 1817; attended the public 
 schools; moved to Alahania, and then to Missouri. 
 where he was admitted to the liar in l.'^^O. com- 
 mencing jiractici' at Canton; Presidential elector 
 in 1S44 on the Polk and Dallas ti<-ket; delegate to 
 the constitutional convention of 1S4.t; Keprescnta- 
 tive from Missouri to the Thirtieth and Tliirty- 
 f\T»t Congresses; charge d'affaires to Colondiia 
 May 24, 1S.53, to Augnst 13, 18.=>4; appointed min- 
 ister resident .Inrie 29, lSi4, but did not present 
 his credentials: elected to the Thirty-tifth Con- 
 gre.ss, hut did not take his .seat, having been 
 elected to the I'nited States Senate from Missonri 
 as a Democrat, serving from Januarv 21, 1K'>7, to 
 March :i, 1861 ; died at St. Louis, Mo", .lanuarv 19, 
 1870. 
 
 Green, KobertS. , was horn at Princeton, X. 
 J., March 2."), ISHI; graduated from the College of 
 New ,lersey in IS.'iH; admitted to the har of New 
 Jersey a.s an attorney in IS.'iS, and as conn.-^elor in 
 lS.i(i;' city attorney of the city of Klizaheth 1.8.i7- 
 1H()8; surrosrate of I'nionCoimty l.S(i2-lSii7; presid- 
 ing judgeof I'nion County court of common pleas 
 lSl>S-187:i; niemlier of the conuni.ssion to suggest 
 amendments to the constitution of New .lei-sey in 
 187:5; liecanu' a memlitr of the har of New York 
 in 1874; delegate to the Democratic lonveutions 
 of l.SCiOand 18,8p; elected to the Forty-ninth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; resigned ,lannary 17. 1887; 
 governor of New .Jersey 188l>-188it; appointed vice- 
 chancellor fi>r a term of seven vears in 18!I0; died 
 at Elizabeth, N. .1., May 7, hssio. 
 
 Green, Thomas M., was a native of Virginia; 
 moved to Uruiushurg, Miss. T., becoming an ex- 
 tensive planter; elccteila Delegatefrom Mississippi 
 Territory to the Seventh Congress (vice Narsworlhy 
 Hunter, deceased), serving from December li, 18(12, 
 to March 3. 1803. 
 
 Green, Wharton J. . of Fayettcville. N. C, was 
 born near St. Marks, Fla., ab<iut 184(1 where his 
 father lia< 1 lately moved from Warren Conn ty,N.(.'.; 
 part ia My educated at tieorgetown Col lege, Lovejoy's 
 Academy at Rideigh,AVest Point, and the Cniversity 
 of Virginia; read law at the last, and afterwardsat 
 CnmlHTland Cniversity ; immediately afterobtain- 
 ing a Fnited States Supreme Court licen.«e he 
 alHimloneil the law; eidisted in one of the three 
 first companies that went into camp upon the 
 breaking out of the civil war; |iromiit<d to lieuten- 
 ant-colonel, conunandiug .Srond North ( arolina 
 Battalion in the Confederate army; afterwards on 
 (ieneral Daniel's staff ; delegate to the Demix-ratic 
 national convention in New York in 'i.S()8; State 
 delegate to the I)emocratic national convention at 
 St. I>ouis; State alternate to the Cincinnati national 
 DemocTdtic couvcutiou, and candidate for elector 
 
 on the Democratic ticket of 18t>8; elei-te<l a Repre- 
 .sentative to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth 
 Congri's.-'es as a Demm-rat. 
 
 Green, Willis, was a native of the Shenandoah 
 Valley, Virginia; attended the public schools; lo- 
 cated in that ]iart of Virginia whiih is now the 
 .^tate of Kentucky; meiid)er of the I'^late constitu- 
 tional ct>nvention in 17'.I2; surveyor for locating 
 land warrants; niendx'r of the State legislature in 
 18.!(iaud 1837; elected a Representative from Ken- 
 tucky to the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig; 
 reelected to the Twenty-seventh and Twenty- 
 eighth Congresses. 
 
 Greene, Albert Collins (brother of (ien. Nath- 
 anael (ireciie), was boni at Fast (ireenwich, K. I., 
 .\pril !•">, 17!M; received an academic education; 
 studied law in New York, and a<lmitted to the bar; 
 returned to Rhode Island, and commenced prac- 
 tice; a member of the State house of reiirc-H-nta- 
 tives in 181(i. 1.8-Ji'-18i.'."i. the last year :Ls speaker; 
 brigadier-general and major-general in the nulitia; 
 attorney-general of Rhode Island 18:.'.')-1843; 
 elected Cuited States .S'liator from Rhode Island 
 as a Whig 1 84."i- 1 .8.') I ; afterwards a nuMuberof the 
 State house of representatives and of the State 
 senate; die<l at Providence January 8, 18t>3. 
 
 Greene, George W., was born in Orange 
 County, N. Y.. .Inly 4, 1831 ; receiveil a cla.ssical edu- 
 cation and gniduateit from the Fniversity of Penn- 
 sylvania; taught si-hool; studied law; admitttHi to 
 the har in 18t)0; commenced jiractice at (ioshen, 
 N. Y.; school commissioner for Orange County; 
 judge of the Orange County courts 18(>l-18(i4; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Forty-tirst Congress as a Democrat, but his seat 
 was successful I V con tested by Charles Il.X'anWyck, 
 Republican, wlio took his seat February 17, 1870. 
 
 Greene, Kay, was born at Warwick, R. I., 
 February 2, 17t>.'i; receiveil a classical education, 
 graduating from Y'aleCollege in 1784; studied law; 
 admitted to the bar and began practicingat Pro- 
 viilence; attorney-general of Rhode Island 1794— 
 1797: elected I'nited States .Senator from Rhode 
 Island (vice William Bradford, resigned) and 
 serve<l from November 22, 1797, to 1801. when he 
 resignetl; died in Warwick, R. I., January 11, 1849. 
 
 Greene. William L., was born on a farm in 
 Pike County. Ind., Oitober 3, 184!t: moved with 
 his parents to D(dx>is County, in the .same State; 
 admitted tothe bar in Bloomington, Ind., in 1876; 
 moveil with his family to Kearney, Nebr.. in 1883, 
 ami resumed the practice of his jirofession: elccleil 
 ju<lgeof the twelfth judicial district of Nebni-ska in 
 18',»."i; electeil tothe Fifty-tifth Congress as a Popu- 
 list: dicil March 11, 1899, while on his way home 
 from Washington, D. C. 
 
 Greene, William Stedman, of Fall River, 
 Mass., was born at Tremotit, Tazewell County, 111., 
 April 28, 1841; moveil to Fall River with his 
 jMirents in 1.844: eiliuiited in the public schools of 
 that city; elected niendn'r of common cnuiicil in 
 187fi, 1877, 1878. and 1879, and pr»>sident of the 
 body the latter three years; elected mayor in 1880; 
 also alternate delegate to Republii an national con- 
 vention which nominated President (iartield; re- 
 elected mayor in 1881. but n'signed thesjime year, 
 being appointeil postmaster by President tiariield; 
 again elected mayor in 1.8.8(1; ap|H)inte<l by (lov- 
 ernor Ames general su|«"rinteniient of prisons for 
 the State in J(dy. 1.8.8S, and s«'rve<l until 1.893; 
 elected mayor in 1,89.5, 18<l»), and 1.897; decline<l a 
 n-election in 1898; apiMiinteil postmaster by Presi- 
 dent McKinley, and entered upon his duties April 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 5(J3 
 
 1, 1898; resigned this position ami elected as a Re- 
 publican to Congress ^lay 31, 1898, to till the un- 
 expired term of the late John Sinipkins for the 
 Fifty-fifth Congress; reelected to the Fifty-sixth, 
 Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses. 
 
 Greenhalge, Frederic T. , was Ijorn in Clithero, 
 Fngland, July 19, 18-12; his father brought hiui to 
 the United States in early childhood; received his 
 l)rimary education in the public schools of Lowell, 
 and entered Harvard in 1859; with the Union 
 Aruiy at Ne'wbern, N. C, for five months, Imt 
 failed to get a coniuiission, and was .sent lionie sick 
 April, 1864; studied law, and admitted to practice 
 in 1S05 at Lowell, Mass.; serveil in the common 
 council of Lowell 18ti8-(i9; received tlie <iegree of 
 A. B., Harvard, 1870; member of the school com- 
 mittee 1871-1873; mayor of Lowell 1880-81; dele- 
 gate to the Republican national convention in 1884; 
 member of the State house of representatives in 
 1885; city solicitor in 18,S8; presidentof tlie Hayes 
 and Wheeler Club in 1876; trustee of City lustitu- 
 tion for Savings 1876; presidentof People's Club, 
 of Lowell; president of History Club, and presi- 
 dent of Humane Society; defeated for the State 
 senate in 1881 and for the house in 1885; practiced 
 law in iliddlesex and other counties; elected to 
 the Fifty-tirst Congress as a Repulilican; elected 
 governor of Mas.sachusetts in 1893, 1894, and 1895, 
 and served until his death, !March 5, 1896. 
 
 Greenleaf, Halbert Stevens, of Rochester, N. 
 Y., was born at (iuilford, Windham County, Vt., 
 April 12, 1827; brought up cju a farm, and received 
 a common school and academic education; manu- 
 facturer of locks — time, combination, and key 
 locks; commissioned justice of the peace March 
 12, 1856, and captain of Massachu.^etts Militia Au- 
 gust 29, 1857; enlisted as a private sfildier in the 
 Union Army August, 1862; conmiissioned captain 
 of Company E, Fifty-second Regiment Massachu- 
 setts Volunteers, September 12, 1862; unanimously 
 elected colonel of the regiment Octolier 23 of the 
 same year, and subsequently served under ( ieneral 
 Banks in the Department of the Ciulf; organized 
 and commanded the Hancock Brigade in the fall 
 of 1880; elected commander (if the First \ew York 
 Veteran Brigade February, 1S.S2, and reelected 
 January, 1883; elected to the Forty-eighth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; reelected to the Fift>--second 
 Congress. 
 
 Greenman, Edward W., of Troy, N. Y., was 
 born at Berlin, Rensselaer County, N. Y., Janu- 
 ary 26, 1840; receiveil a connnon school education, 
 with jiartial course in academy; for many years 
 engaged in mercantile and mamifacturiiig pursuits 
 in ids native town; elected supervisor of Berlin in 
 1866, 1S67, and 1868; elected clerk of Rensselaer 
 County in 1868, serving a full term of three years; 
 deputy county clerk for ten years: (■lected io tlie 
 Fiftieth Congress as a Democrat; cashier of the 
 Central National Bank of Troy, N. Y. 
 
 Greenup, Christopher, was born in Virginia in 
 1750; movc<l to Frankfort, Ky.; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from that State to the Second, Tldrd, and 
 Fourth Congresses; governor of Kentucky 1804- 
 1808; Presidential elector on the Madison and 
 Clinton ticket; died at Frankfort, Kv., Ajiril 24, 
 1818. 
 
 Greenwood, Alfred B., was born in Franklin 
 County, (ia., July 11, 1811; received a c!a.«sical 
 education, graduating from the ITniversity of Geor- 
 gia at Athens; studied law; admitted to the bar 
 and l)egan practicing at Bentonville, Ark.; mem- 
 ber of the State liouse of representatives 1842-1845; 
 
 State prosecuting attorney 1 845-1851 ; circuit judge 
 1851-1.S.53; elected a Rejiresentativc from Arkansas 
 totheThirty-third, Thirty-fourth, and Thirty-fifth 
 Congresses as a Demo<Tat; Conmussionerof Indian 
 Affairs May 13, 18.59, to Ajiril 13, 1861; Repre.sent- 
 ative from Arkansas to tlie Confederate Congress. 
 
 Gregg, Andrew, was born at Carlisle, Pa., 
 .lune 10, 1755; pursued academic ."tudies; for sev- 
 eral years a tutor in the University of Pennsyl- 
 vania; merchantat Middletown 17S3-17S9; became 
 a farmer; elected a Representative from Pennsyl- 
 vania to the Second, Third, Fourth, Kiftli, Sixth, 
 Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Congresses; United 
 States Senator from Pennsylvania from October 26, 
 1807, to March 3, 1813, a portion of which time 
 President pro tempore; moved to Bellefonte in 
 1814; appointed secretary of state for Pennsvl vania 
 in 1816; died at Bellefonte, Pa., May 20, 18.35. 
 
 Gregg, James M. , was born in Patrick County, 
 Va., June 26, 1806; attended the jmblic schools; 
 studied law; admitted to the bar in 1830; began 
 ' practicing at Danville, Ind.; county surveyor of 
 Hen<lricks County 1S;M-1837; clerk of the circuit 
 court 1837-1845; elected a Representiitive from In- 
 diana to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Gregory, Dudley S., was born at Reading, 
 Conn.. February 5, 1800; attended the jjublio 
 schools; moved to the Adirondack regions, New 
 York, where he became interested in iron mines; 
 moved to Jersey City, where he was interesteil 
 I with the legal State lotteries; Representative from 
 New Jersey to the Thirtieth Congre.^s as a Whig; 
 held .several local offices; died at Jersev Citv, N. J., 
 December 8, 1874. 
 
 Greig, John, was born at Dumfriesshire, Scot- 
 land, August 6, 1779; educated in the Edinburgh 
 High School; came to America in 1797; studied 
 law; admitted to the bar in 1804; c;ominenced prac- 
 tice at Canandaigua, N. Y.; pivsident of the On- 
 tario bank 1820-1856; regent of the StateUniversity 
 1825-18.58, serving as vice-chancellor of the same 
 institution after 1845; one of the founders of the 
 Ontario Female Seminary; elected a Represetative 
 from New York to the Twenty-seventh Congress 
 as a Whig (vice Francis Granger, resigned), serv- 
 ing from May 31, 1841, to Septendier 25, 1841, 
 when he resigned; president of the Ontario Agri- 
 cultural Societv; died at Canandaigua, N. Y., 
 April 9, 1858. 
 
 Grennell, George, jr., was born at Greenfield, 
 Mass., December 25, 1786; educated at Deerfielci 
 Academy, and graduated from Dartmouth College 
 with highest honors in 1S08; admitted to the bar 
 in 1811; prosecuting attorney for Franklin Comitv 
 1820-1828; State senator '1824-1827; elected a 
 Representative from IMassachusetts as a Whig to 
 the Twenty-first, Twenty-second, Twenty-third, 
 Twenty-fourth, and Twenty-fifth Congres.ses; 
 trustee of Amherst College, 1838-1859, from which 
 he received the degree of LL. D. in 18.54; judge 
 of probate 1849-1853; clerk of Franklin County 
 courts 1853-1865; first president of the Troy and 
 Greenfield Railroad; died at Greenfield, Mass. 
 November 20, 1877. 
 
 Gresham, Walter, of Galveston, Tex., was 
 born in King and liueen County, Va., July 22, 
 1841; graduated from the University of Virginia; 
 served as a private in the Confederate army; set- 
 tled in Gaheston in 1867 and commenced the 
 practice of law in that city; elected district attor- 
 ney for the judicial district in which CTalveston is 
 located in 1872; elected to the twentieth, twenty- 
 first, and twenty-second legislatures of Texas; 
 
5(i4 
 
 roXORESSIONAL DIHKtTOKY. 
 
 elo<"tiil to tlie Fifty-tliiril Conprt-ss as u IViiiocnit; 
 resuinol thi' pnu-tii-i- nf lli^' professidii at tiiilves- 
 tt)ii, 'IVx. 
 
 Grey, Benjamin E., was a native of Ken- 
 tucky: twoiveil an aituloinic oihifation : stuiliiMl 
 law ami U-jRin prai'tioe al llopkinsville; Slato 
 reprfsonlalivo lS.'{,S-lS;{it and State senator 1S47- 
 1R51 : s|K'aker of the senate and aetin^; lieiitenant- 
 jrovernor in ISM); elected a l\e|)resentative froui 
 Kentucky to tlie Thirtv-second t'onpress as a 
 Whiir; reelected to the 'fhirty-third Congress. 
 
 Grider, Henry, was born in liarrartl County, 
 Ky., .Inly Ki, IT'.Ki; received an academic educa- 
 tion; studied law; admitted to tlie har; U^an 
 pnicticini; at IViwling (ireen; served in the war of 
 ISlL'; State representative in 1S27 anii 1831; State 
 senator lS3;!-lS;i7; elected a Representative from 
 Kentucky to the Twenty-eisxhth and Twenty-ninth 
 Conttresses as a Wliig; tdected to the Thirty- 
 seventh, Thirty-eighth, and Thirty-ninth Con- 
 gresses, serving until Septendver 14, ISliti, when he 
 died, in Warren County, Ky. 
 
 Griffin, Cyrus, was horn in Virginia in 174;t; 
 .«ent to Kngland to he educateil; on his rettnii to 
 Virginia prominent in pre-Kevohitionary move- 
 ments; mendKTof the colonial house of l)urges.ses; 
 Deleg.ite from Vii-ginia to tlu' Continental Congress 
 1778-17S1 and 17,S7-SS, ami its President in 17.S8; 
 president of the supreme court of admiralty; com- 
 missioner to the t'reek Nation in 17Slt; judjje of 
 the United States district court of Virginia from 
 I)e<'eml)er. 17,S9, until his ileath at Vorktown, Va., 
 I>cicnd.er 14. ISIO. 
 
 Griffin, Isaac, was a native of Pennsylvania; 
 attende<l the public schools; elected a Representa- 
 tive from that State to the Thirteenth and Four- 
 teenth Coii'.'rcsses as a Democrat. 
 
 Griffin, John K., was born at Milton, S. C; 
 received an acailemic education; elected a Repre- 
 sentiitive from South Carolina as a State Rights 
 Whig to the Twenty-second, Twenty-third, Twenty- 
 fourth. Twenty-lifth, and Twenty-sixth Congres.ses; 
 died at Milton, S, C., August 1,1841. 
 
 Griffin, Levi T., of Detroit, Mich., was born at 
 Clinton, Oneida County, N. Y., May 23, 1837; his 
 parents moved to Rix'hester, Oakland County. 
 Mich., in 1848; graduated from the I'niversity of 
 Michigan in 18.">7, ami cntcreil upon the study of 
 law at Detroit; entered the V. S. .\rmy in .Vugnst. 
 18tj2, as secoiul lieutenant, Fourth Michigan Cav- 
 alry, and served lus lirst lieutenant, adjutant, cap- 
 tain, brigaile insix'ctor, acting assistant ailjutant- 
 genend, cavalry division, ami acting assistant 
 adjutant-general, cavalry cori)s. Military Divi.sion 
 of Mississippi, ai\d brevetted major; at the close 
 of the war resumed i)ractice of law in ]>etroit; 
 appointed Fletiher profes.sorof law in the I'niver- 
 sitv of Michigan in ISSii; defeated candidate for 
 juilge of the supreme court in 1887; elected to the 
 Fifty-thinl Congress to till the place made vacant 
 by the death of lion. .Ti)hn l.iigan Chipman. 
 
 Griffin, Uichael, of lumT'lairi-. Wis., was born 
 .September!', 1842, in Ireland; eniigrateti with his 
 Ittireiits to Canada in 1,^47, and to Ohio in 18.')1, 
 thence to Wi.-iconsin in 1.8.i6; received his education 
 in theeommonsch(Milso| Ohio and Wisconsin; first 
 rcsideil in Sank County, Wis., until 18»>8, and then 
 nioveil to Killxiurn City, Wis., where he remained 
 until 187i>. removing in that year to l".;iu Clain>; 
 enlisted as a private September 11. IStil, in Com- 
 pany I-.. Twelllh Regiment Wisconsin VohinttH-r 
 Infantry, and serve<l until the close ot the war. 
 Ixiiuir promoted smvessively to the grade ivf seconil 
 
 ami lii-st lieutenant; served at the sicgt* of Vieks- 
 biirg in the Meridian campaign and in the Atlanta 
 campaign, an<l marched to the sea and north 
 thron^di the Caroliiias with i^herman; mustered 
 out .Inly Hi, l8ti.'); member of the county board of 
 Columbia County. Wis., in 1874 and 187.'); meml>i>r 
 of aS'^'inbly in 187(); citvattoriiev of F,an Claire in 
 1878, 1879,and 1S.80; Sta'te senator in 188()aiid 1881; 
 department comniamler of the tir.uid .\rmy of the 
 Republic in I.ss7and 1888; .serveil asipiarterinaster- 
 general of the.state, with rank of brigjidier-general. 
 in 18S!tand IS'lil; admitted to the bar May lit, 18t)8, 
 anil engaged in the inacticeof law; elected in l.tlM 
 to the Fifty-third Congress as a Republican to till 
 the vacancy ociasioned by the death of lion. 
 George 15. Shaw, ami at the same election to the 
 Fifty-fourth Congress; ixidecttnl to the Fifty-lifth 
 Congress; ap[i<4nted chairman of Wisconsin State 
 tax ci>mmission bv Governor .Schofield Mav L'S. 
 is;ili; died in 1!»00." 
 
 Griffin, Samuel, was a native of Virginia; re- 
 ceiveil a classical education; studiedjind pnietieed 
 law; elected a Representative from Virginia to the 
 • First, Seeoiiil. and Third Congres.ses. 
 
 Griffin, Thomas, was a native of Virginia; pur- 
 sued cla.ssical studies; 'electetl a Rejjresentative 
 from Virginia to the ICighth Congress. 
 
 Griffith, Francis Marion, of Vevay, Ind., was 
 born ill Swil/<Tlaiid CoiiMtv. Iml., AiitrustL'l. 1.84H; 
 educated in the country sdiools of the county, the 
 high school at Vevay. and at Franklin IVdlege; 
 engaged in the jiraitice if law at Vevay; .>ierve<l as 
 State senator 1,886-1.894; electe<l as a Democrat to 
 the Fifty-tifth Congri'ss at the s]>eeial election held 
 .\ugust 10, 18il7, to fill the vacancy cau.«til by the 
 death of Hon. Willian.s. Holinan; reelectttl to the 
 Fifty-sixth. Fifty-seventh, ami Fifty-eighth Con- 
 gresses. 
 
 Griffith, Samuel, \\as Ixirn in Wales, ( ireat 
 Britain, February 14, 1810; educated by a private 
 teacherat the .\llegheny College, Meadville, Pa.; 
 studied law, and in l.S4(i admitte<I to the l>ar; 
 Ix'g-an practicing at Mercer; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Pennsylvania to the Forty-second Con- 
 gress as a Democrat. 
 
 Grigg's, James M.. of Dawson, Oa., was born 
 at Lagrange, (ia.. on March 2!t, bStil; educated in 
 the common schools of (ieorgiaand attlu- Pealxnlv 
 Normal College, at N;ishville, Tenu., from which 
 institution hegraduateil in May, 1881; after grad- 
 uation taught school ami studied law; ailmitte<l to 
 the bar in 1.883, and commeiice<l the jiractice of 
 law in 1,8.84 at Alapaha, Berrien County, Ga. ; for 
 a short while eugaired in the newspaper bnsine.-*!; 
 move<l to Daw.soniii 188."); elected solicitor-general 
 (prosecuting attorney I of the Patanla judicial cir- 
 cuit in 1.S.SS and reelected in KSUl'; n'signe<l in 
 is;':;; ai>pointed judge of the s;ime circuit and 
 twice reelected without o)i|M\sition; resigne<l this 
 oHice in lS!li> to make the race for Congre-ss; dele- 
 gjite to the Democratic national convention of 1892; 
 elected a Representative from (Jeorgia to the Fifty- 
 lifth, Fifty-sixth. Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth 
 Congresst'S as a Democrat. 
 
 Grimes, James W., wasUirnat Di'ering. X. II.. 
 OctolK'r20. ISKi; graduated from Hampton .\cad- 
 emyaml from Dartmouth College in 18.3i>; stuilied 
 law and commenced practicing in Iowa; serve<l 
 several terms in the Iowa State legislature; gov- 
 ernor of Iowa 18r)4-18.i8; electeil a lnite<l States 
 .S-nator from Iowa in 18.'iH as a Rei>ublican; re- 
 electe<l in 18tv>. serving until .Man-h 3, 1871; died 
 at Burlington. Iowa. February 7. 1872. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 565 
 
 Grimes, Thomas Wingfield, of Columbus, 
 Ga., was born ami raised in (ieorgia; by profession 
 a lawyer; served as a private in the Confederate 
 army during the last eighteen months of the civil 
 war; meml^er of the legislature in 1868-69, and 
 reelected in 1875-7fi; served as State senator 
 1878-79; member of the national Democratic con- 
 vention in 1880; elected by the Georgia legislature 
 in 1880 solicitor-general of the Chattahoochee cir- 
 cuit for a term of four years; reelected without 
 opposition in 1884; resigned upon being nominated 
 for Congress; elected to the Fiftieth Congress as a 
 Democrat; reelected to the Fifty-first Congress; 
 resumed the practice of law at Columbus, Ga. 
 
 Grinnell, Joseph, was born at New Bedford, 
 Mass., November 17, 1788; received a lilaeral edu- 
 cation, and also mercantile training; moved to 
 New York in 1809; merchant until his retirement 
 in 1829; traveled in Europe, and returned to New 
 Bedford; men'lber of the governor's council 1839- 
 1841; elected a Representative from Massachusetts 
 to the Twentv-eighth Congress as a Whig; reelected 
 to the Tweiity-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-first 
 Congresses; president of the New Bedford and 
 Taunton Railroad, the First National Bank, and 
 the Wamsutta Cotton Mills; died at New Bedford, 
 JIass., February 7, 1885. 
 
 Grinnell, Josiah Bushnell, was liorn at New 
 Haven, Vt., December22, 1821; received a classical 
 education and graduated from Aul)urn Theological 
 Seminary in 1847; ordained a Presbyterian clergy- 
 man; held pastorates in Union Village, N. Y., 
 Washington, D. C, and in the Congregational 
 Chiu'ch of New York Cit.v; moved to Iowa in 
 1855; engaged largely in agricultural pursuits, espe- 
 cially wool growing; founded Grinnell I'niversity; 
 elected State senator in 1856, serving four years; 
 delegate to the Republican national cnnvention in 
 1860; special agent for the Post-Office Department 
 for two years; elected a Representative from Iowa 
 to the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Repul)lican; 
 reelected to the Thirty-ninth Congress; president 
 of the St. Louis and St. Paul Railroad, of the State 
 horticultural society, and of the First National 
 Bank, at ^Slarshalltown; died at Marshalltown, 
 Iowa, March .'11 , 1891. 
 
 Grinnell, Moses H. , was born at New Bedford, 
 ilass., Mart'h 3, 1803; after receiving an academic 
 education entered a counting room in New York 
 in 1818, from which time until 1860 was a i)romi- 
 nent merchant in New York; elected a Represent- 
 ative from New York to the Twenty-sixth Con- 
 gress a,s a Whig; defeated for reelection to the 
 Twenty-seventh Congress; Presidential elector on 
 the Fremont ticket; president of the Chamber of 
 Commerce and of the Merchants' Clerks' Savings 
 Banks; commissioner of charities ami corrections; 
 Central Park commissioner; one of the I'nion de- 
 fense committee; collector of the port of New York 
 March, 1869, to July, 1870; died at New York City 
 November 24, 1877. 
 
 Griswold. Gaylord, was a native of Connecti- 
 cut; pui'Siied classical studies, graduating from 
 Yale College in 1787; moved to Herkimer, N. Y. ; 
 member of the State house of representatives 1 796- 
 1798; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Eighth Congress. 
 
 Griswold, John A. , was born at Nassau, N. Y. , 
 in 1822; received an academic education; engaged I 
 in mercantile pursuits; lai^e steel manufacturer; 
 mayor of Troy in 1850; elected a Rejiresentative 
 from New York to the Thirty-eighth Congress as 
 a Democrat; reelected to tlie Thirtv-uiuth aud 
 
 Fortieth Congresses; defeated as the Republican 
 candidate for governor of New York in 1868 by 
 J. T. Hoffman, Democrat; died at Trov, N. Y., 
 October 31, 1872. 
 
 Griswold, John A., was born in Greene County, 
 N. Y., in 1827; received an academic education; 
 studied law and admitted t(j the bar; commenced 
 pracl ice in Greene County ; countv districtattorney 
 1856-1859; county iudge"l864-1868; elected a Rep"- 
 resentative from New York to the Forty-first 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Griswold, Matthew, of Erie, Pa., was born at 
 Lyme, New London County, Conn., June 6, 1833; 
 received a common school and academic educa- 
 tion; engaged in teaching and farming for a num- 
 ber of years: frequently elected to various local 
 town offices; elected a member of the Connecticut 
 house of representatives in 1862 and reelected in 
 1865; moved to Erie in 1866; engaged in manu- 
 facturing; elected trustee for four successive terms 
 of the Erie Academy, a State institution; elected 
 to the Fifty-Second Congress as a Republican; 
 reelected to the Fifty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Griswold, Roger, was born at Lyme, Conn., 
 May 21, 1762; pursued classical studies, graduat- 
 ing from Yale College in 1780; studied law, ad- 
 mitted to the bar in 1783 and began practice at 
 Norwich; returned to Lyme -in 1794; elected a 
 Representative from Connecticut to the Fourth, 
 Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Congresses as 
 a Federalist; appointed judge of the supreme 
 court of Connecticut in 1807; Presidential elector 
 on the Pinekney and King ticket; lieutenant- 
 governor of Connecticut 1809-1811, and governor 
 from 1811 until his death, at Lyme, Conn.rOctober 
 25, 1812. 
 
 Griswold, Stanley, was born at Torringford, 
 Conn., November 14, 1763; received a classical edu- 
 cation; graduated from Yale College in 1786; 
 studied theology; pastor at Milford, Conn., 1790- 
 1802, and also at Greenfield, Mass.; editor of a 
 Democratic paper at Walpole, N. H., in 1804; ap- 
 pointeil secretary of Michigan Territory in 1805; 
 moved to Ohio; appointed a United States Senator 
 from Ohio (vice Edward Tiffin, resigned ), serving 
 from June 2, 1809, to January 12, 1810; appointed 
 United States judge of the Northwest Territory; 
 died at Shawneetown, 111.. August 21. 1815. 
 
 Groesbeck, William S. , was born at New York 
 City July 24, ISlo; received an academic education 
 ami studied law; admitted to the bar; began prac- 
 tice at Cincinnati, Ohio; member of the State con- 
 stitutional convention in 1851; commissioner to 
 codifythe lawsofOhio inl852; elected a Represent- 
 ative from Ohio to the Thirty-fifth Ci ingress as a 
 Democrat; member of the peace conference in 
 1861; Statesenatorinl862; delegate to the national 
 L^nion convention at Philadelphia in 1866; one of 
 President Johnson's counsel in his impeachment 
 trial; died in 1897. 
 
 Groome, James B., was born at Elkton, Md., 
 April 4, 1838; practicing lawyer; elected a member 
 of the convention which framed the present con- 
 stitution of ilaryland in 1867; represented his 
 county in the house of delegates in 1871; elected 
 Presidential elector in 1872 and voted for Hon. 
 Thomas A. Hendricks for President; .reelected to 
 the house of delegates in 1873, but resigned early 
 in the session to accept the position of governor of 
 the State, made vacant by the resignation of Hon. 
 William Pinkney Whyte, who had t)een chfi.sen a 
 United States Senator; his term as governor ex- 
 
rAU\ 
 
 CONGKKSSIOXAL DIRKCTORY. 
 
 |>irr<l iri.Iniiiiiiry, ISTil; i'lpole<l Inllif fiiitcil Statr.s 
 Seiiali' in .lainiary, IsTS. a.i a I'l'iimcrat to fnu-(i'('<l 
 (ii'or^v K. lU-niiis, Di'iimcnil, ami took liis wat 
 March IS, ls7il: diccl at Baltiiimri', Md.. (K-IoIht 
 
 r^. IWKi. 
 
 Gross, EzraC, \va.-<a iintivt'of WindsorC'ounty, 
 Vl.; piii-siiol ilaR-iical sliiiiii's: jiradiialcil fmiii tlic 
 Univcivity of Vfrinoiit in ISDC; sluiliid law and 
 adniilti'd tci llu' bar: ln->:an iirailicf at !'.lizat)flii- 
 t(.\vn, N. Y.; (^nrro^ratc nf I'.sst-x Connty ISlD-lSlM; 
 eliHti'ila Hf|iri'.sentativcfriiiM New Ymk to tlie Six- 
 U^entli t'on^rt-ss as a neniiicrat; ineinher of tlif 
 K'Sislatnii' in 1S2H-L>!i; dic(l at Kcesevillc, N. Y., 
 Anirnst li. ISL'!). 
 
 Gross, Samuel, \va.< a native of Moiitcjoiniry 
 County, i'a. ; attvndcil tlic imblic schools; Ki'|)rc- 
 sentative from that State to the Sixteenth anil Sev- 
 enteenth C'onfiresses a.s a Heinocrat. 
 
 Grosvenor, Charles Henry, of Athens, Ohio, 
 was horn at I'oiiifret. Windham County, Conn., 
 Septemher L'tl, l.s:!ll; his t;i-andfather was Col. 
 Thomas Grosvenor, of the Second Connecticut 
 Reginionf in the Hevolution, and his father wa.s 
 Maj. I'eter (irosvenor, who served in tlie Tenth 
 Connecticut Re):inient in the war of 1,S12; his 
 father carried him from Connecticut to Ohio in 
 May. 183S, Imt there was no schoolhouse near 
 where he settled until he was 14 years old, when 
 he attended a few terms in a country loj; school- 
 house in .\thcns County, Ohio; tau<rht school and 
 studied law; admitted to tlii' l)ar in 1S.")7; chair- 
 man of the executive committee of the Ohio State 
 Bar Association from its organization for many 
 yeans; served in the Union .\)iny, in the Kif;ht- 
 eenth ( >hio Volunteers, from .July, ISOl, to Novem- 
 ber, ISO.'i; major, lieutenant-colonel, colonel, and 
 brevet bri^jadier-Keneral <if volunt<'ers, command- 
 in<x a hriLMde at the liatlle of Nashville, in lleccm- 
 ber, ISti4; held divers township ami \ illafreollices; 
 niend)er of the State house of representatives of 
 Ohio 1.S74-1S7S, serving as speaker of the house 
 two vears; Presidential elector for the Fifteenth 
 district of Ohio in 1.H72, and chosen to carry the 
 electoral vote of the State to AVashiiifrton; Presi- 
 dential elector at larjie in IKSO; member of the 
 l)oard of trustees of the Ohif) Soldiers and Sailor's 
 Orphans' Home at Xenia from April. ISSO. till 
 IKKH, :md jiresident of the board for live years; 
 delegate at larjie to the national Kepublican con- 
 vention at St. I.ouis in ISHti. and a^rain to the 
 national Republican convention at Philadili)hia 
 in 1900; elected to the Korlv-ninth, Kiftieth. I'iftv- 
 first, Kifty-third, Kifly-fourlh, Kifty-lifth, Kifty- 
 gixth. Fifty-seventh, and Kilty-eij;hth Conirres.<es 
 as a Republican. 
 
 Grosvenor, Thomas P., was born at Pomfret, 
 Conn., in 17S0; jmi-sueil cla.«sical stmlics: jrradn- 
 ated from Yale Collepe in 180(i; studied law and 
 admitted to the bar: bc^'an practiiin^' at Hudson. 
 N. Y.: nuMuber of the Slate le'jislal lire 1s1o-1.k1i>; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Twelfth Contrrcss (vice Robert I^- Roy l.ivinjrston, 
 resi^rned I as a Keileralist; reele<-ted to the Thir- 
 teenth and Fourteenth < 'ontrre.sses, servinjr from 
 .lannary 29, 1S13, to March ,S, 1H17. 
 
 Grout. Jonathan, wius liorn at bunenburc, 
 \Vorce.«ter County. Mass., ,bdy '2'^. 1737; served in 
 the expeditinn asjainst Canada 17.T7-17liO; stndieil 
 law ; admitted to the bar, and bej^'an practice at 
 IVtershani, Ma.ss.; also a farmer; served in the 
 Revolutionary war; niendx-r of the Stale house of 
 representatives: elected a Representative from 
 Mas!iachusett.s to the First Congresw as a I)en)o- 
 
 crat; returned to bmienburj; in l.HOU; died at 
 Dover, N. 11., Septend>er .s. 1,S07. 
 
 Grout, 'William "W., of Barton, Vt., was bfirnof 
 .Ameriiaii parents at ( ompton, Provinceof (Quebec, 
 May 24, bSIMi; received an aca<lemic e<lucationand 
 ■iradualed from the I'ou{rhkeepsie l,aw SiIkhiI in 
 the classof 1S.'>7; admitted to thebarin Heeemlx'r 
 of the same year; practiced law; Slate altorney 
 for Orleans County ISivVliti; served as lieutenant- 
 colonel of Ihe Fifti-enth \ermont \dliinleers in 
 the I'nion .\rmv; member of the \"erinont house 
 of rej>resentatives in bSO.s, ISIi'l, 1,S70, and 1S74, 
 and of the senate in 1S7I), and ]iresi<lenl pro tem- 
 pore of that body; elected to the Forty-.-'eventh 
 Coii};ress; reelected to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, 
 Fifty-lirst, Fifty-seconil, Fifty-th'inl, Fifty-fourth, 
 Fiftv-liflh, and Fiflv-sixth Conj:res.ses as a Re- 
 ]iulilican: died at IrbV, Vt., Octoljer 7. 1!HI2. 
 
 Grove, 'William B., was a native of North Caro- 
 lina and a Repre.senlative fr<im that State to the 
 .S'cond, Third, I'ourth, Fifth, Sixth, and .'Seventh 
 Coiifjresses. 
 
 Grover, A. P., was born in Ontario Countv, 
 N. Y., February IH, 1819; moved to Kentucky in 
 1837; attended Centre CoUetre; studied law, eoin- 
 mencin^ practice at Louisville. Ky.,in 1843; J^tate 
 senator 18')H-18(i.T; elected a Repre.«entati ve from 
 Kentucky to the Fortieth Confiress as a Democrat. 
 
 Grover, La Fayette, of .'^alem, Oreg.. was born 
 at Helhel, ( »xford County, Me.. November 29, 1,S23; 
 primarily educated at (iould's Academy, Bethel, 
 two years a student at Bowiloin Collefre; ]inrsued 
 his studies to a liberal course at Philadelphia, 
 where he also studied law; admitted to the bar in 
 1S.">(); moved to Orei;oii; elecleil by the Territorial 
 IcL'islaturi' proseciitinjiattorney forthesecond judi- 
 cial distriil, and as auditor of imblic accounts for 
 the Territory, lS.'il-.i2; elected a member fif the 
 lefrislature in 18.'i3; appointed by the Department 
 of the Interior as a commissioner to audit the 
 spoliation claims s;rowin<; out of the Rojrue River 
 Indian war in 18.54; ajrain elected a member of the 
 lecislature in 18.>5, at which se.^sion he serve<l as 
 speaker of the house; appointed by the Secretary 
 of War as a member of the board of commissioners 
 lo audit the Indian war ex|ienses of Ore>:on and 
 Wasliin'.:ton in l.s.'iii; delefiate to the convention 
 which flamed the pre.seni constitution of Orepon 
 in ls">7; Representative from Orefron totheThirty- 
 lifth Coiiirress; chairman of the Democratic Stale 
 (eiitral committee lstil>-l.'>70; electe<l trovernor of 
 < )ret;on in 1S70 for the term of four years, reelected 
 in 1874, and served unlil February 1, 1877, when 
 he resitrned, luivin'j been elected to the I'nited 
 Stales Senate as a llenio<ial, to succeed .lames K. 
 Kelly, Democrat, and took his .seat March 8, 1,877. 
 servin;; until March 3, 188.3. 
 
 Grover, Slartin, was a native of New Y'ork; 
 receivi'd a common school education; studied law- 
 ami admiltid to the bar; be^ran jiracticinj; at An- 
 {jelica, N. Y.; elected a Kepr<>senlative from New 
 Y'ork to the Twenty-ninlh Congress as a Native 
 .\merican Democrat; elected justieeof Ihe supreme 
 court in November. 1.8.57, and reelecte<l in 1.8.Mt; 
 ele<'led jud^'e of the I'ourt of appeals in bSt>7; 
 elected an a.ssociale judjre for fourteen vears in 
 1870; died at Aicelica, N. Y'., Au^'ust 23," 187.5. 
 
 Grow, Galusha A., of (ilenwooil, Susquehanna 
 County, Pa., was horn in .\shford (now F.jistford), 
 Windham County, t'onn., -Vunust ;!1, 1823; his 
 father die<l when he wa.s 3 years old; his mother, 
 with her six children, moved to Sus()uehanua 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 567 
 
 County, Pa., in May, 1S34; worked on a farm 
 summers and went to the common school winters 
 until the summer of 1837, when he began a regular 
 course of study at Franklin Academy, Susquehanna 
 County, and entered the freshman class, Amherst 
 Collefre, September. 1S4U; graduated July, 1844: 
 admitted to the bar of Susquehanna County Ai)ril 
 19, 1847; declined. a unanimous nomination for 
 the legislature iu August, 1850; elected to Congress 
 the following October, succeeding David W' ilmot; 
 elected fix>m the same district six consecutive 
 terms, once by a unanimous vote; defeateil in a 
 uevv district, composed of Susquehanna and Lu- 
 zerne counties, in 1862; elected the lirst three 
 times as a Free Soil Democrat, the last three as a 
 Republican; entered Cont^ress in Decemljer, 185], 
 being tlie >'Oungest member of that Congress; his 
 maiden speech in Congress was <in "Man's right 
 to the soil; " for ten years, at the beginning of each 
 Congress, he introduced in the House a free home- 
 stead bill, until it became a law in 1862; chairman 
 of the Committee on the Territories in the Thirty- 
 fourth and Thirty-sixth Congresses, and member 
 of that committee in the Thirty-tifth Congress; 
 Repulilican nominee fur Speaker in 1857; elected 
 Speaker of the Thirty-seventh Congress July 4, 
 1861; delegate to the national Repulilican conven- 
 tions of 1864, 1884, and 1892; chairman of the 
 Pennsylvania State Republican conunittee in 1868; 
 president of the International and Creat Northern 
 Railroad Company of Texas 1871-1876; declined 
 the mission to Russia tendered by Presiilent Hayes 
 in the fall of 1879; at a special election to till a 
 vacancy in the Fifty-third Congress elected Con- 
 gressman at arge for the State February 20, 1894; 
 reelected to the Fifty-fourth Congress in Novem- 
 ber, 1894; reelected to the Fifty-fifth Congress in 
 November, 1896, by a plurality of 297,446, being 
 the largest plurality ever given in any State of the 
 Union to any candidate for any office; reelected 
 to the Fifty-sixth Congress in November, 1898; re- 
 elected to the Fifty-seventh Congress in November, 
 1900, as a Republican; declined a renomination. 
 
 Grundy, Felix, was born in Berkeley County, 
 Va., Septendjer 11, 1777; when 2 years old 
 moved to Brownsville, Pa.; thence in 1780 to Ken- 
 tuck}'; received an academic education; studied 
 law; admitted to the bar and practiced; mem- 
 ber of the Kentucky constitutional convention in 
 1799; member of the State legislature 1800-1805; 
 chosen judge of the supreme court of Kentucky in 
 1806; soon afterwards made chief justice; moved to 
 Nashville, Tenn, in 1807; elected a Reiiresentative 
 from Tennessee as a War Democrat to the Twelfth 
 and Thirteenth Congresses; resigned in 1814; mem- 
 ber of the Tennessee house of representatives 
 1815-1819; elected a United States Senator from 
 Tennessee (vice John H. Eaton, resigned), serv- 
 ing from December 7, 1829, to July 4, 1838, when 
 he resigned; appointed Attorney-ljeneral of the 
 United States July 5, 1838, resigning Decemlier 1, 
 1840. to become United States Senator; having 
 doubts as to his eligibility, returned to Tennessee 
 to become an "inhabitant" of the State, and was 
 again elected Decemlier 14, 1840, but died at 
 Nashville, Tenn., December 19, 1840. 
 
 Guenther, Richard, of Oshkosh, Wis., was 
 born at Potsdam, Prussia, November 30, 1845; 
 received a collegiate education; studied ))harmacy 
 in the Royal Pharmacy at Pottsdam; emigrated to 
 the United States in July, 1866; moved to Oshkosh 
 in 1867; elected State treasurer of Wisconsin in 
 1876 and reelected in 1878; elected to the Forty- 
 seventh, Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth 
 Congresses as a Republican; appointed consul- 
 
 general to Mexico by President Harrison and re- 
 tiired from that position at the end of that Admin- 
 istration; appointed consul-general at Frankfort- 
 on-the-Main by President INlcKinley. 
 
 Gunckel, IJewis B., was born at Germantown, 
 Ohio, October 15, 1826; graduated from Farmer's 
 College in 1848, and in 1851 from the law school of 
 Cincinnati College; began jiracticeat Dayton, Ohio, 
 the same year; delegate to the national Repulj- 
 lican convention in 1856; State senator ls62-lS(i5; 
 Presidential elector in 1864; appointed Vjy Congress 
 a manager of the National Military Soldiers' Home 
 for Disabled Volunteers in 1864; reappointed in 
 1870 for six yeai's; a|ipointed United States com- 
 missioner to investigate Indian frauds in 1871; 
 elected a Representative from Ohio to the Forty- 
 third Congress as a Rei)uljlican; defeated for the 
 Forty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Gunn, James, was l)Orn in A'irginia in 1739; 
 received an academic educatioti; studied law and 
 Ijegan practice at Savannah, tia. ; elected a United 
 States Senator from Georgia, and reelected, serving 
 from 1789 to March 3, 1801 ; died at Louisville, 
 Ky., July 30, 1801. 
 
 Gunn, James, of Boise, Idalio, was born in the 
 State of New York 5Iarch 6, 1843; emigrated with 
 his parents when he was but a few years old to 
 Wisconsin, settling in the western part of that 
 State; received a common school and academic 
 education; volunteered as a private in Company 
 G, Twenty-seventh AVisconsin Infantry, with 
 which regiment he served until the close of the 
 civil war, being mustered out with the rank of 
 captain; in the early summer of 1866 went to Col- 
 orado, where he resided nine years, making his 
 home in the counties of Gilpin and Clear Creek; 
 mayor of Georgetown three years; moved to the 
 Pacific slope in 1875, living temporarily in Nevada 
 and California; mining excitement broke out in 
 Idaho in 1880 and 1881, and he joined the rush of 
 prospectors to that State, making the to«n of 
 Haile}', in Wood River Valley, his home; elcctrd 
 to the senate of the first State legislature in IsilO; 
 nominated liy the Populists for Congress in 1892, 
 and again in 1894, and, though defeated each time, 
 received a third nomination from the People's- 
 Democratic-Fusion in 1896, and elected to the 
 Fifty-fifth Congress as a Populist. 
 
 Gunter, Thomas M., of Fayetteville, Ark., 
 was born in middle Tennessee September 18, 1826; 
 received a classical education, graduating from 
 Irving College in. 1850; studied law, admitted to 
 the bar, and comrnenceil to [iractice at Fayette- 
 ville in 1853; delegate from Washington County 
 in the Arkansas State convention in May, 1861; 
 served in the Confederate army as colonel of the 
 Thirteenth Arkansas Volunteers; elected prose- 
 cuting attorney for the fourth judicial circuit iu 
 1866, and held the office until his ofhcial ]iosition 
 was terminated bv the reconstruction of the State 
 in 1868; contested the seat of W. W. Wilshire in 
 the Forty-third Congress, and the House tleclared 
 that he was entitled to it June 16, 1874; reelected 
 to the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and 
 I'orty-seventh Congresses. 
 
 Gurley, Henry H., was born at Lebanon, 
 Conn., iu 1787; pursuing classical studies, gradu- 
 ated from Williamstown College; studied law and 
 admitted tothe liar; liegan practice at Baton Rouge, 
 La.; United- States district judge for Louisiana; 
 elected a Representati\e from that State to the 
 Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty- 
 first Congresses; died at Baton Rouge, La., in 1832. 
 
568 
 
 OINUKESSIONAL DlKKlToKV. 
 
 Gurley, John A., was luirn at !!iist Ilartfnnl, 
 Ciiiin., I iici'iiilKrli. ISIS; ii'ivivcilan acaiK'iiiici'ilu- 
 latiiiii; i-uiiliod tlu'i)lnj;y; paslur of tlii' I'liivcr.-al- 
 ift Churcli at ^Mfllimn.' .Ma.-s., lN:i4-l.s.')7; iiiiivcil 
 to Ciiiriiiiiati, (Hiio, ami 1mm anif i-ilili>r of iIk- Star 
 iiitlie Wist; ri'tin'<l Inuii tlic ministry in IsiSO; dv- 
 fi'ateil n.H the Ki'iniblicaii caiuliilati' for tlii" Tliirt y- 
 (il'tli C'onv'ross, IjuI I'li'ctnl to the Tliirty-sixtliaiul 
 Thirty-seventh C'iiii;;res.<i's; apiininteil piverimr ot' 
 Arizunii l>y IVesidfiit Liin-ohi, Imt died at C'inciii- 
 uati, Ohio, AniLjiist 111, ISii:!. while en route there. 
 
 Oustine, Amos, lived at Mitllintown, I'a.; 
 eleiticl a Ki'iMcsiMitativi- from that State to the 
 Twenty-seventh ('on;rressas a Democrat (viee Wil- 
 liam S. Hamsev, deceased), serving' from Mav 31, 
 1S41. {•< .March' .!, IS4:{. 
 
 Guthrie, James, was horn in Xelson County 
 Ky., I)ecenitier .'), 17!*L'; eilucateil at Mc.Vllister's 
 Academy, Hardstown, Ky.; entered the Missis- 
 sippi trade: also studied and |iracticed law at 
 Bardstown. Ky.; appointed ('ipmm<inwealtli at- 
 torney in ISL'I) and moved to Louisville; member 
 of the State Kj::islature for several yeai>i, serviujf 
 in both branches; delegate and chosen president 
 of the Kentucky constitutional convention; presi- 
 dent of the T'niversity of Louisville, the Louisville 
 and Portland Canal Comjianv, and the Louisville 
 anil Nashville Kailroad Company; appointed Sec- 
 retary of the Treasmy in 1S.">.S; eleeteil L'niteil 
 States Senator from Kentucky asa Hemocrat, serv- 
 ing from March 4, IMio, to IVbruary 7, 18t)cS, wlien 
 he resi^'tied on account of illness; died at Louis- 
 ville, Ky., March IS, lS(i!l. 
 
 Guyon, James, jr., was born in Kichmond 
 Comity, N. Y., in 1777; received an academic edu- 
 cation; mendier of the State house of representa- 
 tives 1S1L'-1S14; successfully contested the election 
 of Ebene/er Sa<re a.s a KeprcJcntative from New- 
 York in the Sixteentli Cou^'ress, serving from .lan- 
 uarv 14, ISL'O, to March S, 1821; died in Hichmond 
 Coiiuty, X. Y., .March 8, 184(1. 
 
 Gwin, William M. , was born in Sumner 
 County. Ten 11., ( Ictober ii, 180."i; received a cla.ssi<-al 
 eilucation, pra<luating from Transylvania I'niver- 
 sity, Lexington, Kv.; studied and practiced medi- 
 cine; moved to Mississippi, and in (•ctolier, 1815:!, 
 appointed I'nited States marshal tor that St;ite; 
 elected a Representative from Mississippi to the 
 Twenty-seventh Congress as a Hemocrat; superin- 
 tendent for buililing the custoni-house at New 
 Orleans; moved to California in 1848; member of 
 the constitutional convention in 18411; elected 
 Cnited States Senator from California as a Demo- 
 crat, serving from September 10. 1.8.i0, to March ;l, 
 18."i.5; reelected fnited States Senator, serving from 
 February Hi, 18,i7, to March ;{, IStU; coiinecled 
 with theSouthern Coiifedeiacy and with the Mexi- 
 can Imperial < iovenimeiitof Maximilian: returned 
 to California, and engaged in agricultural |iursuits; 
 died at New York City, September A, 188.i. 
 
 Gwinnett, Button, was born in Kngland in 1 7S2; 
 received an academic education; came to Charles- 
 ton, .s. C., ill 1770; engaged in commercial jpiir- 
 suits; moved toSt. Catherines Island, < ieorgia.and 
 engaged in planting; prominent in ante-Hevolu- 
 tionary movements; ilelegsite from (ieorgia to the 
 Continental Congress 177iJ-7(>; signer of the Dec- 
 laration of Independence; member <if the Stale 
 Constitutional convention in February, 1777; ile- 
 fejiteil fi>r the governorship of (.ieorgia; dietl in 
 Georgia, May 27, 1777. 
 
 Habersham, John, was Ixirn at Savannah, (ia.. 
 in 17.">4; receiviil a limited education: became a 
 
 merchant; served in the Kevilntionary war as 
 major of the First (ieorgia Continental Hegimeiit; 
 memberof theCoiitiiieiilal Coiigre.<s from (ieorgia 
 178.")-8(i; collector of customs at Savannah 1789- 
 1700: tiled near Savannah, November in, 17!(!t. 
 
 Habersham, Kichard W. , was Ixirn at Savan- 
 nah, (ia., in 178(1; received a liberal education; 
 graduated from Princeton College in 180.5; studied 
 law and admitted to the bar; elected a Kepresent- 
 ative from (ieorgia to the Twenty-sixth Congress 
 as a State Rights Democrat; reelected to the 
 Twentv-seventli Congress; died at Clarksville, Ga., 
 December 2, 1842. 
 
 Hackett, Thomas C, was a native of (ieorgia: 
 reeeiveil a common schf>ol edu<'ation: elected a 
 Kepiesentative from Georgia to the Thirty-lirst 
 Congress as a Democrat; died at Marietta, <ia., 
 Octobers, 18.M. 
 
 Hackley, Aaron, jr., was born at New Haven, 
 Conn.; received a public school education; nioveil 
 to Ilerkinu^r, N. Y.; member of the New York 
 State house (.fnpresentatives 1814. 181.5, and 1818; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Sixteenth Congress. 
 
 Hadley, William F. L., of Edwardsville, III., 
 was born near Col I iiisvi lie. 111., June 1.5, 1847; rearetl 
 on a farm and received his e<lucation in the com- 
 mon schools and at MiKendree College, Lebanon, 
 from whiili he gradiiateil in .luiie, 1S(J7; entered 
 the law dipaitment of the I'liiversity of Mi<higan 
 at Ann .\rbor in the fall of 1870. from w hich he 
 gra<luated in 1871; elected as a Reimblican to the 
 State senate in 188(1; one of the four delegates at 
 large from Illinois to the Republican national con- 
 vention at Cliicago in 1888, which nominate<l 
 Henjamin Ilarri.son; elected to the Fifty-fourth 
 Congress asa Repul)lican to till the vacancy cause<l 
 by the death of lion. Frederick Remann. 
 
 Hagans, John Idarshall, was born at Hran- 
 donville, Va.. .\iigiist K!, ISliS; received a jniblic 
 school education; studied law and admitted to the 
 bar in IS.'iil; elected |irosecuting attorney for Mon- 
 ongalia County, W. Va., in 1.8(12; reelected in 18t);{, 
 18(14, and 1870; law reporter for the supreme court 
 of apjieals of West Virginia from .lanuary. 1S()4, to 
 March 4, 1873; elected mavor of Morg-antown in 
 18(i(i, 1.8(17. and l.Sdit; Presidential elector on the 
 Republican ticket for the Second Congressional dis- 
 trict in 18(18; memberof the State constitutional 
 convention in 1871; elected a Repre.-ientative from 
 West Virginia to the Forty-third Congress. serving 
 from January 27, 1874, to March 3, 187.'), when his 
 seat wa.s successfully conte.sted by B. F. Martin. 
 
 Hager, A. L. , of Greenfield. .Vdair County, 
 lowa, was born near .lamestown. Chautau<|iia 
 County. N. Y., October 2il. 1.8.i0; in the spring of 
 l,8,')!l his family moved to Iowa an<l settled near 
 Cottonville, .Jackson County; inoveil to Jones 
 County in 18(i:! and engaged in farming near 
 Langworthy: received his education in the com- 
 mon schools and high schools of Monticello and 
 .\iiamosa; entered the law .school at Iowa City in 
 the fall of 1874 and graduated therefrom in .lune, 
 187.">; electe<l to the State .•senate in the fall of 
 18!M: chairman of the lowa Repnbliian State con- 
 vention of 18!i2: eli'cleil to the Fiflv-lhinl Con- 
 gress as a Republican; reelected to the Fifty- 
 fourth ami Fifty-fifth Congresses: after leaving 
 Congress resumed the practice of law . 
 
 Hager, John S., was Uirn in Morris Countv, 
 N. J.. March 12, 1818; gniduattsl from Princeti'm 
 College in 1836; stuilieil law ami in 1840 admittiil 
 
BIQGRAPHIES. 
 
 569 
 
 to the bar; emigrated to California in 1849 aTicI 
 served in the 8tate legii^lature in 1852; elected 
 State district juilge for the district of San Fran- 
 cisco in 1855 and serve<l six years; elected to the 
 State senate in 1865 and 1867; elected a regent of 
 the State University in 1871; elected a United 
 States Senator from California as an Anti-Monopoly 
 Democrat (to till the unexjiired term of Eugene 
 Casserl V, resigned ) , serving from Feliruarv 9, 1871, 
 to March 3, 1875. 
 
 Hahn, John, was a native of Pennsylvania; 
 rlected a Representative from that State to the 
 Fourteenth Ci ingress. 
 
 Hahn, Michael, of New Orleans, La., was born 
 in Bavaria, ^ovember24, 1830; when an infant, his 
 widowed mother emigrated to the United States, 
 landing at New York, and afterwards removing to 
 New Orleans; attended the public .schools, also 
 atteniled the lectures in the law department of 
 the University of Louisiana, graduating April 
 7, 1851; an anti-Buchanan Democrat iii politics 
 and an advocate of Stephen A. Douglas, making 
 Union speeches and opposing secession; refused 
 to take an oath of office requiring fidelity to the 
 Confederate States, and active in the reconstrut'- 
 tion of the State on the arrival of the Union forces; 
 elected to Congress in 1862, but not admitted to 
 his seat until the 7th of February, 1863; after the 
 expiration of his Congressional term, appointed 
 prize commissioner of New Orleans; elected the 
 first governor of Louisiana as a free State and 
 inaugurated March 4, 1864, receiving from Presi- 
 dent Lincoln, on the loth of the same month, the 
 additional powers of military governor; having 
 been elected United .States Senator in January, 
 1865, resigned the office of governor, but did not 
 press his claim to a seat in the Senate; elected to 
 the State legislature in 1872, 1874, and 1876; ap- 
 pointed State register of voters on the 15th of 
 .\ugust, 1876, and unanimously elected a police 
 juror for his parish on the 5th of November, 1878; 
 superintendent of the United States mint at New 
 (Orleans in 1878, and remained at his post during 
 the epidemic of that year; elected judge of the 
 district composed of the parishes of Jefferson, 
 St. Charles, and St. John in November, 1879. 
 and reelected unanimously in 1884, serving tintil 
 he resigned, ^larch 3, 1885, having been elected to 
 the Fortv-ninth Congress as a Republican; died 
 March 1.5", 1886, at Washington, D. C. 
 
 Haight, Charles, was born at Colts Neck, N. J., 
 January 4, 1838; graduated from Princeton Col- 
 lege in 1857; studied law and admitted to the bar; 
 member of the New Jersey State legislature in 
 1861 and 1862, serving the last year as speaker of 
 the house; couanissione<l brigadier-general of 
 militia in 1861; throughout the civil war very 
 actively engaged in raising, equipping, and send- 
 ing troops forward to the seat of war; elected a 
 Representative from New Jersey to the Fortieth 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the Forty- 
 first Congress; prosecutor for 3Ionmouth County, 
 1879 until August 1, 1891, when he died, at Free- 
 hold, N. J. 
 
 Haight, Edward, was born at New York, 
 JIarch 26, 1817; received a limited education; 
 merchant; president of a banking institution; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Thirty -seventh Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Halle, William, was Vtorn in 1797; moved to 
 Mississippi and located at Woodville; elected a 
 Representative from Mississippi to the Nineteenth 
 Congress (in place of Christopher Rankin, de- 
 
 ceased); reelected to the Twentieth Congress; 
 died at Woodville, Miss., March 7, 1837. 
 
 Hailey, John, of Boise City, Idaho, was born 
 in Smith Cdunty, Tenn., August 29, 1835; received 
 a common school education; moved with his par- 
 ents to Dade County, Mo., in 1848; crossed the 
 Plains to Oregon in 1853; went in 1862 to what is 
 now Idaho; engaged in staging, farming, stock- 
 raising, butchering, and mining; elected to the 
 Forty-third Congress as a Democrat; electe<l to the 
 legislative council of Idaho in 1880 and was its 
 president; elected tn the Forty-ninth Congress as 
 a DenKicrat; appointed warden of Idaho peniten- 
 tiary. 
 
 Hainer, Eugene J., of Aurora, Hamilton 
 County, Neljr., was born August 16, 1S51, at Funf- 
 kirchen, Hungary; emigrated to the United States 
 with his parents in 1854; spent his early boyhood 
 on his father's farm; at the age of 15 left home, 
 w<,irking as farm hand near Garden Grove, Iowa, 
 until 1873; received his education at Garden 
 ( irove Seminary and Iowa Agricultural College,' 
 teaching school during vacations to meet expenses; 
 graduated from the law department, Sim]ison Cen- 
 tenary College, Indianola, Iowa, in 1876; moved 
 to .-Vurora, Nebr., in 1877, and engaged in the 
 practice of law; became interested in banking and 
 in a line of creameries in snuthern Nebraska; 
 elected to the Fifty-third Congress as a Republican ; 
 reelected to the Fifty-fourtli Congress. 
 
 Haines, Charles D. , of Kinderhook, N. Y'., was 
 born at ^ledusa. Alliany County, N. Y., June 9, 
 1856; moved with his parents to Coxsackie when 
 6 years of age; attended the common school till 14 
 years of age; studied telegraphy; at the age of 18 
 appointed train dispatcher on an Eastern road; at 
 the age of 20 assistant superintendent and at 22 
 made superintendent of the roail; at 26 he turned 
 his attention to building streut railways and asso- 
 ciated with him his four lirothers, under the tii"m 
 name of Haines Bmthers, who built twenty-seven 
 street railways in thirteen States; located in Kin- 
 derhook in 1888 and built the Kinderhook and 
 Hudson Railway; elected to the Fifty-third Con- 
 gress a,s a Democrat. 
 
 Haldeman, Richard J., was born at Harris- 
 burg, P:i., ;\lay 19, 1831; graduated from Yale Col- 
 lege in 1851; attache of the legation at Paris in 
 1853 and later occupied a similar position at 
 St. Petersburg; returned to Harrisburg and pur- 
 chased the Daily and Weekly Patriot and Union 
 and was its editor until IStSO; delegate to the Balti- 
 more and Charleston conventions in 1860; elected 
 a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Forty- 
 tirst and Fortv-second Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Hale, Artemas, was born at Winchendon, 
 Mass., October 20, 1783; received a limited educa- 
 tion and worked on a farm; taught school at 
 Hingham, 1804-1814; became interested in man- 
 ufacturing at Bridt'ewater; served several terms m 
 both branches of the legislature; delegate to the 
 State constitutional convention in 1853; elected a 
 Rejiresentative from Massachusetts to the Twenty- 
 ninth Congress (in place of I. C. Bates, deceased) 
 as a Whig; reelected to the Thirtieth Congress; 
 Presidential elector on the Lincoln and Johnson 
 ticket in 1864. 
 
 Hale, Eugene, of F".llsworth, Me., was born at 
 Turner, Oxford County, Me., June 9, 1836; re- 
 ceived an academic education; studied law, admit- 
 ted to the bar in 1857, and connnenced practice; 
 for nine successive years county attorney for Han- 
 cock County ; a member of the legislature of Maine 
 
57U 
 
 CONGRKSSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 in 1867, 18t!S, ami IS80; elp<tc<l to the Forty-tirst, [ 
 Foi-ty-secoiut, mul Korty-tliinl Con^'rf.-^sc."; up- j 
 |ioiii"tfil I'listnia.-tcr-tu'iii'ral by rri'sidcnt (mint iii 
 1874. Init lieclinfil; ri't-lci-tcil to the Ki.rty-fourlli 
 and l'"(irty-lil"lh ( 'oufrrcsscs; tcnik'nil a ('iihiiict j 
 a|i|M)intnR'nt by I'lcsiili'iit Hayes, ami ili'diiicd; 
 iliairnum of tho Kr|iul)licaii ('(in^n'ssiinial <<ini- 
 niittee for tlie Foity-filtli ("on^rfs-; ivceivi.*<l the 
 degree of LL. P. from Hates ('ollef.'e; ilelegate to 
 theC'im-intiati convention in lS7()an<l tlieChicajio 
 eonventions in 18i>Sand 1S8(I; electeil to tlie I'nitid 
 ."^lates tSenate as a Kepnliliran to siu-eeeil Hannibal 
 Hamlin, Ke|iiit)li<an (who dei lined a rfeleetioii ), 
 and took his seat ilanh 4, 1881; reelected in 1887, 
 1893, and 18«t. 
 
 Hale, James T., was liorn in Bradford Connty, j 
 Pa., OctobiT, 1810; received a liberal edncation; I 
 stuilie<i law. and in 18:V_' adndtted to the bar; com- 
 menced iinicticiiif; 111 licllelonte, I'a. ; ainiointcMl 
 president-judge of the twentieth jmlicial district; 
 elected a Hepreisentative from Pennsylvania to <\u- 
 Thirtv-sixth Congress as a Kepnblican; reelected 
 to the Thirty-seventh and Thirty-eighth Con- . 
 gresses; died at Hellefonte. Pa., .\pril 7, 18(1.5. | 
 
 Hale, John Blackwell, of Carrollton. Mo., was 
 born in llrooks mow Hanccnk) County. W. Va., 
 February 27, 18:^1; educated at a connnon country 
 school; "studied law, admitte(\ to the bar, ancl 
 practiced at Carrollton; member of the Mis.souri ^ 
 legislature, 18.i(>-1858; Jlouglas elector in .Missouri 
 in 18110: colonel of the Sixty-lifth Regiment Mis- ; 
 souri Militia and of the Fourth Prcpvisional Kegi- 
 ment of Missouri .Militia in the Cnited States 
 service during the civil war; delegate to the Dem- 
 ocratic national conventions in 1804 and 18(18; a I 
 Democratic elector on the Cireeley ticket in Mis- 
 souri in 1872; member of the Missouri constitu- 
 tional convention of 1S73; elected to the Forty- 
 ninth Congress a.s a Democrat. 
 
 Hale, John Parker, was born at Rochester, 
 N. H., I^larcb HI, 180(1; received a liberal eduia- 
 tion. and in 1'827 graduated from I^owdoin College; 
 Studied law, and in 1830 adnnlled to the bar; 
 commenced practice at Dover. N. H.; mend>er of 
 theStateliouse of representatives in l.s:{2; appointed 
 United Stales attorney for the district of New 
 Hampshire in 1"S.'U and for party rea.sons removed 
 by Pre.sident Tyler in 184(t; electeil a Repri'senta- 
 tiVe from New Hampshire to the Twenty-eighth 
 Congress as a Democrat; r(>nominate<l for tlie 
 Twenty-ninth Congress by the Democrats, buthi.s 
 views agiiinst the annexation of Texas, on anti- 
 slavery groinids. caused the Democrats to call 
 another convention and nominate another man; 
 ran a.s an independent, receiving ;i. l:>7 votes, 
 again.st .5,:)S8 votes for Wiiodbnry, Democrat, ancl 
 4,;J57 votes for (looilwin. Whig (there being no 
 choice); ag-ain erecte<l to the legislature in 184(1, 
 and cho.sen speaker; elected United ."^lates Senator 
 as an antislavery man, serving from 1.H47 to ISri'.i; 
 Fn-eSoil candidate for the Presidency in 18.">2; 
 defeated for n-election to the Senate by a Demo- 
 crat. l)Ut again elected in 18.V> for a short term, j 
 and reelected, .serving until March .!. 18(1.">; 
 apiiointed mini.ster to Spain, serving from March. 
 18(1.1, to .July, !.'<(>!•; retin-ned to Ilover. having 
 very l)oor liealth until his dealh. .N'ovemlur 10. 
 187.3. 
 
 Hale, Robert S., was born at Chelsea, Vt., 
 Septemlier 24, 1S22; graduated from the Univer- 
 sity of Vermont in 1842; studied law. ancl admit- 
 ted to the- bar; liegan prai'tice at Kli/abelhtown. 
 N. Y.; judtie of Ks.-ex C'oinitv, X. Y.. I8.V1-I8(14; 
 appointed a regent of the University of New 
 
 York in 1H59; Pre,sidential elector from the 
 Twenty-lirst district of New York in I860; ^j>ecial 
 i-onnsel of the Unit(-1 States, charired with the 
 defi'iise of the abandoned and captured property 
 claims. 1.8(18-1870; agent and coun.'^el for the 
 Uidted States before the .\merican and British 
 mixed commission imder the treaty of Washing- 
 ton 1871-1873; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Tldrty-ninth Congres.s (vice Orlando 
 Kellogg, decea.-'ed); ideeted to the Forty-third 
 ( 'ongre.ss as a Repid)lican; died at Flizabethtown. 
 N. Y.. December 14, 1881. 
 
 Hale, Salma, wa.sl)oniat Alstead, N. H., March 
 7, 1787; became a printer, and in 180.5 editini the 
 Walpole Political Observatory; studied law with 
 Hon. Roger Nose; apjiointed clerk of the Chesh- 
 ire County court of common plea-s; moved to 
 Keene in 1813; elected to the Fifteenth Congress 
 as a Democrat; deeline<l a reeli^ction; clerk of 
 the su]ireme court of New Hampshin", May, 1817, 
 to May, 18:{4; admitted to the bar in (ictober, 
 18,'?4; .-iecretary to the bonndarv couunission ap- 
 IX)inted under the treaty of (ihent; served sev- 
 eral terms as a mend>er of the State legislature; 
 died at Somerville. Ma.ss.. NovendH,'r 10, 186(1; pub- 
 lished .\inials of Keene, a History of the I'nited 
 States for Schools, and other works. 
 
 Hale, William, was a native of Dover, N. H.; 
 
 received a goixi F'nglish education; lield several 
 local oHices; elected a Representative from New 
 Hampshire to the Eleventh Congress as a Feder- 
 alist; elected to the Thirteenth Conirress on the 
 |ieace ticket; reelected to the Fourteenth Con- 
 gress; died at Dover, N. H.. N'oveml>er 8, 1840. 
 
 Haley, Elisha, was a native of Mystic, Conn.; 
 altendeil llie publii- schools; elected a Representa- 
 tive irom Connecticut to the Twenty-fourth and 
 Twenty-tifth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Hall, Au^stus, was born at Batavia, N. V., 
 .\pril 20. 1814; received an academic edncation; 
 studieil law, and aduntted to the bar in 18:^(1; <-om- 
 menced practi<-e at Marysville, Ohio, in 1837; 
 comity attorney 1840-1842; moved to Keosanqua, 
 Iowa, in 1844; Presidential elector on the Pierce 
 and King ticket in 18.52; elected a Representative 
 from Iowa to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a 
 Demoirat; api>oinfed l)y President Buchanan 
 chief justice of Nebraska; dieil near Bellevue, 
 Nebr., February 1, 1861. 
 
 Hall. Benton J., of Burlington, Iowa, was born 
 at .Mniiiit \iiiion. Knox County, Ohio, .lamiary 
 13. |s:i.5. but a resident of Iowa from Decendier. 
 18:10; eduiateil at Knox College. Illinois, and at 
 .Miami Univi'isity. Ohio, from which latter insti- 
 tution he gniduated in .lune, 18.55; studied law anil 
 practiced; mendjer of the lower house of the gen- 
 eral assembly of the State of Iowa for the term of 
 1872-73; senator in the general as-einbly of Iowa 
 for four years, commencing in .lanuary, 1882; 
 elected to the Forty-ninth Congre.-sas a DenuK-rat. 
 
 Hall, Boiling, was born in (ieorgia in 1789; 
 ]>ursueil cla.ssical studies; held several local oliices; 
 memlier of the State li'gislatnn' for several years; 
 elected a Representative from (ieorgia to the 
 Twelfth. Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Coni.Te.-'ses 
 as a War Democrat; retireil to private life, moving 
 to .\labama and engaging in plantini: near Mont- 
 gomery died March 25, \KMi. 
 
 Hall. Chapin, was born at Kllieott. Chaulaui|iia 
 Coimiy, .N. Y...Iuly 12. 181(1; attended the public 
 .schools; moveil to Warren. Pa., ami engaged in 
 
 r*l 111 loi:.', iiio\ ei I i< • ,* »i i« ii. ■ .1. . .iii. 1 . ••^■.k.. ' • ■•■ 
 
 lumbering and mercantile iiursiiils; elected a Rep- 
 
BIOGKAPHIES. 
 
 571 
 
 resentative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-i^ixth 
 Cono;l•e^:s as a Eepulilican. 
 
 Hall, Darwin S., of Stewart, Minn., was born 
 in Kenoslia County, Wii*,, in 1844; attended the 
 oonimon sehools and the academy at Elgin, 111., 
 and Markham?s (Jlilwaiikee) Academy; farmer; 
 settled in .Minnesota in 1866; elected connty au- 
 ditor of Kenville County in 1869 and 1871; clerk 
 of district court 1873 and 1877; elected tothe legis- 
 lature in 1876; appointed register of tlie Cnited 
 States land office at Benson in 1878 and 1882; 
 elected to the State senate in 1886 for a term of 
 four years; chairman of the railroad and other 
 important committees; served in Company K, 
 Forty-second ^\'isconsin Volunteer Infantry, as a 
 private during the war; elected to the Fifty-first 
 Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Hall, George, was a native of New Haven, 
 Conn.; attended the public .schools; moved to 
 Onondaga, N. Y.; member of the State house of 
 representatives in 1816; elected a Rei)resentative 
 from New York to the Sixteenth Congress. 
 
 Hall, Hiland, was l)orn at Bennington, Yt., 
 July -0, 17ii.T; attended the public schools; studied 
 law, and a<lmitte<l to the liar in 1819; commenced 
 practice at Bennington; memljerof the State house 
 of representatives in 1827; State attorney 1828- 
 1831 ; elected a Representative from Vermont to 
 the Twenty-second, Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, 
 Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh 
 Congresses as a Whig; State l>ank commissioner 
 1843-184jS; judge of the State supreme court 1846- 
 1850; Second Comptroller tif the Treasurv, Novem- 
 ber 27, 1850, to September 10, 1851; United .States 
 land commissioner for California 1851-1854; re- 
 turned to his native farm in Vermont; governor 
 of Vermont 1859; delegate to the jieace congress 
 of 1861; author of a History of Vermont; died at 
 Springfield, Mass., December 18, 1885. 
 
 Hall, Jaraes Knox Polk, of Ridgway, Elk 
 County, Pa., was born Septem))er 30, 1844, at 
 Milesburg, Center Connty, Pa., and educated at 
 Pittsburg, Pa.; admitted tothe liar November 8, 
 1.866; elected district attorney of Elk County in 
 1867; reelected in 1870 and in 1873; retired from 
 practice in 1883, and devoted liimself to his coal, 
 lumber, railroad, and Ijanking interests; elected 
 to the Fifty-sixth Congress as a Democrat; re- 
 elected to the Fifty-seventh Congress; resigned 
 November 29, 1902, having been elected a State 
 senator in Pennsylvania. 
 
 Hall, Joseph, was born in Essex County, Mass., 
 June 26, 1793; received an academic education at 
 Andover; moved to Camilen, Me.; engaged in 
 mercantile pursuits; sheriff, ami held other local 
 offices; postmaster at Camilen for four years; 
 elected a Representative from Maine to the 
 Twenty-thii'd and Twenty-fourtli Congresses as a 
 Democrat; navy agent at Boston 1.849-1853; clerk 
 in the Boston custom-house; died in 1857. 
 
 Hall, Joshua G. , of Dover, N. H., was Ijorn 
 at Wakefield, N. H., November 5, 1828; graduated 
 from Dartmouth College in July, 1851; studied 
 law, admitted to the bar in 1855, and practiced at 
 Wakefu'ld and Dover; solicitor of the county of 
 Strafford from June, 1862, to June, 1874; mayor 
 of the city of Dover in 1.866 and 1867; member of 
 the New Hampshire senate 1871 and 1872; mem- 
 ber of the New Hampshire house of representa- 
 tives in 1874; attorney of theVnited States for the 
 district of New Hampshire from April, 1874, to 
 February, 1879; elected to the Forty-sixth Con- 
 
 gress as a Republican; reelected to tlie Forty- 
 seventh Congress; dieil (October 31, 1898. 
 
 Hall, Lawrence W. , was born in Lake County, 
 Ohio, in 1819; received a classical education; grad- 
 uated from Hudson College in 1839; studied law, 
 and admitted tothe liar in 1843; commenced prac- 
 tice at Bucyrus; ju<lge of the coumion pleas 1851- 
 1856; elected a Representative fi-om Ohio to the 
 Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat; imprisoned 
 for alleged disloyalty in 1862; died at Bucyrus, 
 Ohi(_i, January 26, 1863, shortly after his release. 
 
 Hall, Lyman, was born in Connecticut in 1725; 
 received a classical education; graduated from 
 Yale College in 1747; studied medicine and began 
 practice at Sunbury, Ga. ; active in pre-Revolu- 
 tionary movements, and mendjer of the conven- 
 tions in 1774 and 1775; Delegate to the Continental 
 Congress in IMarch 1775-1780; returned home when 
 the British invaded the State; lost his property by 
 British confiscation; governor of Georgia in 1783; 
 died in Burke Countv, Ga., October 19, 1790. 
 
 Hall, Nathan K. , was born at Mareellus, N. Y., 
 ^larch 10, ISIO; received an academic education; 
 studied law at Buffalo with ]Millard Fillmore; ad- 
 mitted to the bar in 1832; commenced practice 
 under the firm name of Fillmore, Hall & Haven; 
 niemlier of the State house of i-e]iresentatives in 
 1846; electe<l a Representative from New York to 
 the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig; appointed Post- 
 master-General, .serving from July 23, 1850, to 
 August 31, 1852; aiipointed United States district 
 judge for the western disti-ict of New York, hold- 
 ing the position until he died, at Buffalo, N. Y., 
 :\Iarch 2, 1874. 
 
 Hall, Norman, of Sharon, Pa., was born at the 
 Muncy Farms, Lycoming County, Pa., November 
 17, 1829; received a collegiate education, graduat- 
 ing from Dickinson College in 1847; engaged in the 
 iron business; elected to the Fiftieth Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Hall, Obed, was elected a Representative from 
 New Hampshire to the Twelfth Congress. 
 
 Hall, Osee Matson, of Red AVing, Minn., was 
 born in Conneaut, Ohio; graduated from Williams 
 College in the class of 1868; resided and practiced 
 law in Red Wing, Minn.; elected to the Fifty-sec- 
 ond Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the Fifty- 
 third Congress. 
 
 Hall, Robert B., was born at Boston, iSIass., 
 January 28. 1812; received a liberal education; 
 studied theology and ordained; one of the twelve 
 original members of Garrison's Anti-Slavery So- 
 ciety in 1832; moved to Plymouth, >Iass.; State 
 senator in 1855; elected a Representative from 
 Massachusetts to the Thirty-fourth Congress as an 
 American; reelected as a Republican to the Thirty- 
 fifth Congress; delegate to the I^nion convention 
 at Philadelphia in 1866; died at Plymouth, Mass., 
 April 15, 1868. 
 
 Hall, Thomas H., was born at Edgecombe 
 County, N. C, in 1733; received a classical educa- 
 tion; studied medicine and practiced at Tarboro; 
 elected a Representative from North Carolina to 
 the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, 
 Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and 
 Twenty-thinl Congresses as a Democrat; defeated 
 for the Nineteenth Congress; State senatorin 18.36; 
 died at Tarboro, N. C.,' June 30, 18.53. 
 
 Hall, Uriel Sebree, of Hubbard, Mo., was 
 born on a farm in Randolph Connty, Mo., April 
 12, 1852; received common school education and 
 
CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTORY. 
 
 sent to Mount rieiisaiit College, at Hiintsvillc, Mo., 
 where lie pnuluateii at theajieof '2i); taii<^lit wliool 
 three yeai>; j-tudied law ami ailiiiiltid to the liar; 
 followcii that inofessiou for ei;.'lit ycai-s; elected to 
 the Fifty-third ("onprcs-i as a Deiiioerat; reelected 
 to the I'ifty-fourtli (.'onuress. 
 
 Hall, Willard, was horn at We.stford, ^lat^s., 
 DeceinlHr L'l, 17s(); received a cliii^sical echication; 
 Graduated from Harvard ColUve in ITiii': stuilied 
 law, and ailniitted to the liar in lS(i:!; couiuienced 
 practiceat Wihniniiton, Del.; secretary of theStatc 
 of Delaware 1S11-1H14; elected a Kepre.seutative 
 from Delaware to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth 
 Conjrre.<ses; ajiaiu Hecretary of 8tate in 1S21 ; mem- 
 ber of the State house of representatives in 18L'l!: 
 United States district judtre for Delaware 1823- 
 1872, when he resijrned; diedat Wilminj;ton, Del., 
 May 11, 187"): imlilished a revision of the State 
 laws of Delaware in 1829; died at AVilmington, 
 Del., May 10, 1875. 
 
 Hall, 'Willard P., was a native of Virginia; 
 moved to St. .loseph, Mo.; elected a Re|iresenta- 
 tive from that State to the Thirtieth Conuress as a 
 Democrat; reelected to theThirty-tirstanil Thirty- 
 second Congresses; lieutenant-governor of Mis- 
 souri in 18til-t)2, and acting governor. 
 
 Hall, 'William, was born in Virginia in 1774; 
 received an English education; moved to Green 
 Garden, Tenn.; served in the Indian wars and 
 that of 1812; memlier of the State legislature for 
 several years, ami speaker of the senate; became 
 governor ( vice Samuel Houston, resigned) in 1820; 
 major-general of militia; elected a Representative 
 from Teimessee to the Twenty-secon<l Congress a.s 
 a Democrat; died at (ireen Garden. Term., in 
 October, 1850. 
 
 Hall, William A., was a native of Maine' 
 taken in childhood to Virginia and moved thence 
 to Mis.«ouri in 1841; Presidential elector in 1844; 
 appointeil a judge of the circuit court in 1.S47; del- 
 egateto the Stateconstitntional convention of 18(il ; 
 elected a Rei>resent;itive from Missouri to the 
 Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat ( vice John 
 B. Clark, expelled); reelected to theTliirty-eighth 
 Congre.s-i. serving from January 20, 18f)2, to Marcli 
 3, 1805; delegate to the national Democratic con- 
 vention at Chicago in ]8()4. 
 
 Hallock, John, jr., was a native of Orange 
 Countv, N. Y.; mend)er of the State house of rep- 
 resentatives in 1816, 1817, 1820, and 1821; elected 
 a Ivepresentative from New York to the Nine- 
 teentii Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Halloway, Ransom, was a native fif Dutche.-s 
 County, X. v.; received a good edni-ation; elected 
 a Repre.-ientative from Isew York to the Thirty- 
 first Congress as a Whig; died at Mount Pleasant, 
 Md., April 0, 18.51. 
 
 Hallowell, Edwin, of Willow (irove. Pa., wa.s 
 horn in .Xbinglun, Montgnmerv Cmmty. Pa., in 
 1844; eilncated in the puliMc schools; brought up 
 on a farm, and always a farmer; elected member 
 of the legislatureof Petmsylvania in 1870; reelected 
 in 1878; elected chairman of the Democratic 
 county committee of >bintgoniery ( 'ounty in 1880; 
 delegate to the Democratic national c-onveufion in 
 188H; elected to the Fifty-second Congre.«s as a 
 DemfK'rat. 
 
 Halsell, JohnE., of Howling Green, Ky., was 
 Vxirn Ml Warren County, Ky., .September 1 1. 1820; 
 edui'ated at ('umberlan<l University, Lebanon, 
 Tenn.; sludierl law; admitted to the bar, and 
 commenced the jjractice of law at Bowling Green 
 
 in 1850; electeil county attorney for Warren 
 County ami served four vears; electeil circuit 
 judge <if the fourth jmlicial district of Kentui-ky 
 in 1870; elected t<i the Forty-eighth Congress as a 
 Democrat; reelected to the Forty-ninth Congress. 
 
 Halsey, Georg'e A., was born at Springlield, 
 X. J., December 7, 1827; educated at Springfield 
 .\cademy; became a leather manufacturer in 
 Xewark in 1844 and then eniraired in the whole- 
 sale clothing business, au'ain taking up the leather 
 busine-'^s in isiiii; a member of the State a.sseudily 
 of Xew Jersey in ISIU and 1.802; United States 
 a.s.sessor of internal revenue 1.><02-I8lit>; cleiteil a 
 Representative as a Rejiublican to the Fortieth 
 an(l Forty-second Congresses; declined a renomi- 
 nation in 1872; defeateil for governor in 1874; 
 declined the offer of an appointment as Register 
 of the Treasury; connected with several financial 
 institutions; died at Xewark, X. J., .\pril 1, 18!t4. 
 
 Halsey, Jehiel H., was a native of fxidi, X. Y.; 
 atti'uded thi' pulilic schools; ele<'led a Representa- 
 tive from -New York asa Jack.son Democrat in the 
 Twentv-first Congre.«s; was a State senator 1.8:^2- 
 18:«. 
 
 Halsey, Nicoll, was a native of Seneca County, 
 X. Y.; resided at Trnmansburg; a member of the 
 State house of representatives in 1824; elected a 
 Representative from Xew York iis a Democrat to 
 the Twenty-third Congress. 
 
 Halsey, Silas, was a native of Xew York; at- 
 tended tiK' public schools; memlier of the State 
 house of representatives from (•nondat.'a Countv, 
 1,800-1,804; elected a Representative from Xe"w 
 York to the Xinth Congress; State senator in 18011. 
 
 Halstead, William, was a native of Xew Jer- 
 sey; re<'eived a cla.^sical education: graduateil 
 from Princeton College in 1812; electe<i a Rejire- 
 sentative from Xew Jersey as a Whig to the 
 Twenty-fifth Congress: received the certificate of 
 ('lection to the Twenty-sixth Congress lint was re- 
 fuseil admittance; elected to the Twentv-seventh 
 Congre.-s; died at Trenton, X. J., March 4, 1878. 
 
 Halterman, Frederick, of Philadelphia. Pa., 
 was born in Vcge.siik on the Weser. jiart of the 
 old Ilanse town of Bremen, (iermany. October 22, 
 18:n; received his eilucatiou at the high school of 
 ."aid ])lace; emigrated to Philadelphia Se|)tendier, 
 184i); engaged in the grocery business, from whiih 
 he retireil in 18!H ; elected a member of the select 
 council from the Twelfth Ward in IssO f,.r a term of 
 three years; elected to the Fifty-fourth Congre.>-s 
 as a Repnlilican. 
 
 Halvorson, Kittel, of Xorth Fork, Stearns 
 County, Mimi., was born December 15. 1840, in 
 Telemarken, Norway, Europe; emiiirated to the 
 United States with his parents in the summer of 
 1848, and settled in Wisconsin; attemled the pub- 
 lic school of the ni'ighborbood; entered the mili- 
 tary service in 1.80:<; enlisting in Company C. First 
 Regiment Wisconsin Heavy .\rtillery. and scrve<l 
 until the do-^e of the war; move<l to Mimie.<ota 
 in Xovember, 18()5, and settled on a homi'stead in 
 Stearns County; eug:iged in farming and stoi-k 
 raising: a member of the lowi'r house of the !»tate 
 legislature in 1887; elected by 
 liani'e and Prohibitionists to 
 < "ongress. 
 
 Hambleton, Samuel, was horn in Talbot 
 County. Md.. in 1812; educated at the county 
 academy; stuilied law and admitted to the bar in 
 l,8.'t:{; comnienced pnictice at hjiston: inenil)er of 
 the State house of delegates in 1834, 18.35, ami 
 
 the Farmers' .\1- 
 the Fiftv-st'cond 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 573 
 
 1853; State senator 1844-1850; Presidential elector 
 in 1844; president of tlie Chesapeake and Ohio 
 Canal in 1853 and 1854; elected a Representative 
 to the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat; reelected 
 to tlie Forty-second Congress. 
 
 Hamer, Thomas li., was a native of Pennsyl- 
 vania; received an academic eilucation; studied 
 law and admitted to the Vjar in 1821; commenced 
 practice at Georgetown, Ohio; for several years 
 served in the Ohio house of representatives, one 
 year was speaker; electi><I a Representative from 
 Ohio to the Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, and 
 Twenty-fifth Congresses as a Democrat; nominated 
 V. S. Grant, son of a constituent, to be a cadet at 
 West Point; volunteered as a private in the Mexi- 
 can war, receiving the next day the commission 
 of brigadier-general; died in the service at jSIonte- 
 rey, Mexico, December 2, 1846. 
 
 HainiU, Patrick, was l>orn in Green Glades, 
 Allegany County, Md., April 28, 1817; educated 
 at private schools; appointed collector of taxes in 
 1841 and 1842; member of tlie State house of rep- 
 resentatives in 1843 and 1844; appointed and 
 served for three years as judge of the orjjhan's court 
 of Allegany County; reelected and served four 
 years; engaged in farmingand mercantile pursuits; 
 elected chief judge of the orphan's court of Alle- 
 gany in 1867; elected a Representati\e from Mary- 
 land to the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat; 
 died in 1S95. 
 
 Hamilton, Alexander, was born in the island 
 of Nevis, l)ritish West Indies, January II, 1757; 
 came to the United States in 1772, where he re- 
 ceived a lilieral education ; entered the Continental 
 Army in 1776 as captain of artillery; apiiointed 
 aid-de-camp March 1, 1777; elected to the Con- 
 tinental Congress 1772-1783; member of the New 
 York legislature 1787; member of the State con- 
 stitutional convention in 1787; studied law and 
 admitted to the bar; engaged in practice at New 
 York City; Secretary of the Treasury under Presi- 
 dent Washington 1789-1795; returned to New York 
 and resumed the practice of law; mortally wounded 
 in a duel at Weehawken, rin the Hudson, and died 
 at New Y.jrk City the next day, July 12, 1804; 
 distinguished as a political writer. 
 
 Hamilton, Andre'w H. , received a liberal edu- 
 cation; studied law and was admitted to the bar; 
 began practicing at Fort Wayne, Ind.; elected a 
 Eejiresentative from Indiana to the Forty-fourth 
 and Forty-fifth Congresses; died in 1895. 
 
 Hamilton, Andrew J. , was born in Madison 
 County, Ala., January 28, 1815; received a liberal 
 education; studied law and admitted to the bar; 
 clerk of the county court; moved to Texas in 1846 
 and resumed the practice of law at Lagrange; 
 Pre.*idential elector on the Buchanan and Breck- 
 enridge ticket in 18.56; elected a Representative 
 from Texas to the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Re- 
 publican; appointed by President Lincoln military 
 governor of Texas in 1862; appointed provisional 
 governor by President Johnson in 18()5; delegate 
 to the lovalists' conventi<ni at Philadelphia in 1866; 
 died at Austin, Tex., April 10, 1875. 
 
 Hamilton, Charles M. , was born in Clinton 
 County, Pa.. November 1, 1840; received a liberal 
 education; studied law; served in the Union 
 Army, being wounded at tiaines' Mills, Antietam, 
 and Fredericksburg; detailed a judge advocate; 
 began the ]iractice of law in 1868; elected a Rep- 
 r&sentative from Florida to the Fortieth Congress 
 as a Republican, but did not take his seat until 
 July 1. 1.S68; reelected to the Fortv-first Congress. 
 
 Hamilton, Cornelius S., was born in Mus- 
 kingum County, Ohio, January 2, 1821; received 
 a conmion school education; studied law anfl was 
 admitted to practice; engaged in farming and 
 banking in connection with the practice of his 
 profession; delegate to the State constitutional 
 convention in 1850; State senator in 1856; elected 
 a Representative from Ohio to the Fortieth Con- 
 gress as a Republican; called home to see a son 
 who had suddenly become insane, and killed by 
 him at Marysville, Ohio, December 21, 1867. 
 
 Hamilton, Edward La Rue, of Niles, Mich., 
 was born in Niles Township, Berrien County, 
 I Mich., December 9, 1857; admitted to the bar in 
 I 1884; elected to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty- 
 1 seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Repub- 
 i lican. 
 
 Hamilton, James, was born at Charleston, 
 S. C, May 8, 1786; received a liberal education; 
 
 , studied law; admitted to the bar, and began prac- 
 tice at Charleston; served in the war of 1812 as 
 
 ' major; mayor of Charleston; served several terms in 
 theState house of representatives; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from South Carolina to the Seventeenth 
 Congress (vice William Lowndes, resigned) as a 
 State Rights Free Trader; reelected to the Eight- 
 eenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses; 
 governor of South Carolina 18.30-1832; moved to 
 Texas; drowned while on his way from New 
 Orleans to Galveston, November 15, 1857. 
 
 Hamilton, John, was born in Washington 
 County, Pa., in 1763; sheriff for several years; 
 elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Ninth Congress; died at his home in \\'ashington 
 County, Pa., August 31, 1837. 
 
 Hamilton, John Taylor, of Cedar Rapids, 
 Iowa, was born October 16, 1843, on a farm near 
 Geneseo, Henry County, 111.; moved to Iowa in 
 1868; engaged in the wholesale farm-machinery 
 business; president of the Cedar Rapids Savings 
 Bank ami a director in the Cedar Rapids Electric 
 Light and Power Company; mayor of Cedar 
 Rapids; member of the board of supervisors; 
 j three times a member of the State legislature, ancl 
 1 speaker of the house; elected to the Fifty-second 
 Congress as a Denmrrat. 
 
 Hamilton, Morgan C, was born near Hunts- 
 ville, Ala., February 25, 1809; received a limited 
 education; merchant: moved to the Republic of 
 Texas in 1837; clerk in the war department 18.39- 
 1845; acted as secretary of war for three years; 
 appointed comptroller of the treasury of Texas in 
 1867; delegate to the con.=titutional convention in 
 1868; elected a United States Senator from Texas 
 as a Repulilican on the reconstruction of Texas 
 and took his seat March 31, 1870; reelected, and 
 
 I .served until March 30, 1877; died at San Diego, 
 
 ; Cal., November 21, 1893. 
 
 Hamilton, Robert, was born in Hamburg, Sus- 
 sex County, N. J., December 5, 1816; received a 
 liberal education; studied law and was admitted 
 to the bar; for fifteen years was pro.secutor of pleas; 
 member of the legislature 1863 and 1864, serving 
 the last year as sjieaker; elected a Representative 
 I from New Jersey to the Forty-third and Forty- 
 fourth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Hamilton, William T., was born in Washing- 
 ton County, ;\Id., September 8, 1820; attended 
 Jefferson College, Pennsylvania, and received a 
 liberal education; studied law and was adniit- 
 I ted to the bar in 1843; member of the State as- 
 1 sembly in 1848; Cass Presidential elector in 1848: 
 
574 
 
 CONORKSSK1NAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 electod a Reprosontalivo from Maryland tn llii' 
 Tliirty-(ii-st ('(iiij:ress as a l>oiiiiHral; rcfU'ctol to 
 thi- Tliirty-ccciiiiil ami Thirty-lliinl ( 'nnjircsses; 
 elected al'iiiteil Stairs Senatur fnnii Maryland 
 (vice W. r. Wliytc, re.-i;;ni'i I) , servinfjlroni March 
 4, ISliil, to March .S, IS"'); elected ^.'ovcrnor of 
 Marvlanil in 1«7H; died at Hacerhtown, Md., Oc- 
 tober 2ti, 18HS. 
 
 Hamlin, Edward S., received a liheral eiluca- 
 tion at i'^lyria. Ohio; held .several local oHices; 
 elected a l{epresentati\e from Ohio to thcTwenty- 
 ei}.'lithC'onirress( vice II. I\. I'.rinkerlioff.deiea.-'ed i. 
 servin;; from Decendier L', 1S4-1, to March .'J, lS4."i. 
 
 Hamlin, Hannibal, of Banpor, Me., wa.s born 
 at Pari,-, Me., Aufiusl L'7, 1K(1!I; prepared for a col- 
 leiriate (vhication, hiil wa.s obliged hy the death 
 of his father to takechar>.'e of his home farm until 
 he wius of age: in a printiiij; <itlice for a year an a 
 compositor; studied law, ami admitteil to the bar 
 in liSSI?, continuinjj: in active |>ractice until 1S4H; 
 member of the legislature of Maine in IS.iii, 1KH7, 
 18:W, is;«), 1.S40, ami 1.H47, presiding as speaker of 
 the house in 1837, lS:fil, and I.s4(); [{epresentative 
 from .Maine to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty- 
 ninth Congresses; elected to the United States 
 Senate in 184S, for four vears. to Mil a vacancy oc- 
 ea.sioned by the death of.lohn Fairfield; reelected 
 for a full term in l,s.')l, hut resigned in 1.H57 to act 
 as governor for the State of Maine; reelected to 
 the Senate in lS.i7, and served until he resigned 
 in January, 18(il; elected Vice-!'re.«ident of the 
 Uniteil States on the ticket with Abraham Limohi, 
 and presided over the Senate from March 4. IS(il, 
 to March .'!. l.siw; ex otiicio a regent of the Smith- 
 sonian Institution during that time; appointed 
 collector of the port of Boston in ISti.'i, but re- 
 signeil in ISliti; again elected to the t'niteil States 
 Senate, and reelected in 1S75; chosen a regent of 
 the Smithsonian Institution in 1870; ilied at Ban- 
 gor. Me.. .Inly 4, ISiU. 
 
 Hammett, William H. , was a native of Vir- 
 ginia; received a classical education; studied the- 
 ology; chaplain of the I'niversity of Virginia and 
 the llou.se of Re]>resentatives; moved to I'rince- 
 ton, Miss.; elected a Representative from Mis.sis- 
 sippi to theTwenty-eiirhth Congres-sas a Democrat. 
 
 Hammond, Edward, wius a native of Ellicott.s 
 Mills, Md.; received a connnon school education; 
 hehl several local otlices; elected a Re]>re.sentative 
 from Maryland to the Thirty-tirst Congress a.s a 
 Democrat; reelected to the Tbirty-secoud Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Hammond, Jabez D. , was bom at New Bed- 
 
 foril, .Ma.ss., August li, 1778; receive<l a liberal 
 e<lucation; studied medicine; began the practice 
 of bis i)rofession at Reading, Vt.. in 17ii!i; studied 
 law, anil after being admitted to the bar began 
 practicing at Cherry Valley, N. V.. in ISd."); elected 
 a Representative from .New York to the Fourteenth 
 Congress asa Democrat; serveil in the State wnate 
 1817-1821 ; moved to .VIbany where he resumeil the 
 practice of law 1822-18:{!l; returneil to Cherry 
 Vallcv; elected judge of Otsego Countv, X. Y., iii 
 1838;"dieil at Cherrv Vallev, N. Y., August 18, 
 \Hr,r>. 
 
 Hammond, James Henry, wan born in Xew- 
 t>nrv District. S. C.. November \r), 1,H07; gradu- 
 ated fronj the South Carolina College in 182.5; 
 studied law, and admitted to the bar in 1827; ap- 
 [lointeil a member of the gov<-rnor's staff in l.S.'i;!; 
 electeil a Representative from .Siuth Carolina to 
 the Twenty-fourth Congres.s as a Whig, .serving 
 
 until I'Vbruary li!. 18.'?r>, when be resigned; gov- 
 ernorol SouthCarolina 1842-1844; elecle<la I'nited 
 States Senator from .South Carolina, serving from 
 December 7, l.H.')7, to Novend)er II, 18(i0; died at 
 Beaeh Island, S. C., NovemlM-r 13, 18(i4. 
 
 Hammond, John, of Crown Point, X. Y., was 
 born at Crown Point, X. V.. August 27, 1827; 
 received an academii-educatioii; afterwanlsgntdu- 
 ate<l from the Polytecbinc Institnteat Troy. N. Y.; 
 pioneer in California in 18411; volmiteered as private 
 in the war of l,S(;i-l.S(;."i: promoted to captain of 
 cavalry, and advanced through all the gravies to 
 brigadier-general; a manufacturer of iron for 
 twenty-live years, presiilent of the Crown Point 
 Iron Company : elected to the Forty-sixth Congress 
 as a Republican; reelecteil to the Fortv-seventb 
 Congress; died May 28, 18.S<). 
 
 Hammond, N. J., of .Vtlanta, (Ja., WiUs Ixini in 
 KIbcrt County, (ia., Decendjer 2(), 1.8.33; gnulu- 
 ated from the liiiversity of (ieorgia at .\thens in 
 l.8.")2; solicitor-general from 18(11 to 1.8i).'>; reporter 
 of the supreme court from 18(i7 to 1872; attorney- 
 general from 1872 to 1877; meml)er of tin nsti- 
 
 tntional conventions of l.stvi and 1877; elected to 
 the Forty-sixth Congress as a Democrat; reelected 
 to the Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty- 
 ninth Congre-s.ses; died in April, 1899. 
 
 Hammond, Robert H., was a native of Penn- 
 sylvania; elected a Representative from that State 
 to the Twenty-lifth Congress as a Van liuren Dem- 
 ocrat; reelected to the Twenty-sixth Conpref<s. 
 
 Hammond, Samuel, wa.s born in Richmond 
 County. \'a.. September 21, 17."i7; receiveil a lib- 
 eral education; serve<l in the Revolutionary Army; 
 after independence wa« established settled at Sa- 
 vannah; surveyor-general of (ieorgia; served in 
 the Creek war and commanded a corps of (ieorgia 
 volunteers; mendjer of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives; elected a Reiiresentative from (ieorgia 
 to the ICighth Congress as a Democrat; civil and 
 military governor of upper Louisiana Territory 
 l,Sl)."i-lS24; receiver of ])ublic moneys at .s^t. Louis; 
 move I in 1824 to South Carolina; a mendierof the 
 .State legislature; survevor-general in 1.82.5; secre- 
 tary of State of South' Carolina 1 .S3 1 - 1 .8;j.5 ; die<l 
 near .Vugusta. tia., Septend>er 11, 1.H42. 
 
 Hammond, Thomas, of Hammond. Iml., wa.s 
 born February 27. 1.843, at I'itcbburg, Mass.; re- 
 ceived a conuuon school education; engaged with 
 his father as carpenter and contractor imtil 21 
 yearsof age; moved to Detroit, Mich., and engaged 
 in the iiacking-house business with his brf)ther 
 George, and twelve years later moved to Ham- 
 mond. Ind.. to a.ssist in the establishment of the 
 great <lres.sed-beef industry for which his name 
 and town are noted; electeil mayor of Hammond 
 in the spring of 1888, it being the first otiice he 
 ever held, and reelected twice; severed his con- 
 nection with the Hammond Beef Company in 1.892 
 to organize the Commercial Bank, a State institu- 
 tion, of which be was president; accepted the nom- 
 ination for Congress in the Tenth (Republican) 
 district undiT protest; entered into a vigorous 
 camjiaign. and was elected to the I'ifty-tbird Con- 
 gress as a I 'emocrat, 
 
 Hammons, David, was Imm in Oxfonl County, 
 .Me., in 18117; attended the public schools; studied 
 law; admitli'd to the b;ir in bS.'.ii; ixgan practice 
 at Ix>vell. Me.; State senator 1.84l»-41; elected a 
 Representative from Maine as a Democnit to the 
 Thirtieth Congn'ss; re.suiued practice at Bethel, 
 Me. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 575 
 
 Hammons, Joseph, was a native of Farming- 
 ton, N. H.; attended the public scliools; elected a 
 Representative from New Hampshire to the 
 Twenty-tirst and Twenty-second Congresses; ap- 
 pointed postmaster at Dover in June, 1833. 
 
 Hampton, James G., was a native of New Jer- 
 sey; received a classical education, and graduated 
 from Princeton College in 1835; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New Jersey as a Whig to the 
 Twenty-ninth Congress; reelected to the Thirtieth 
 Congress. 
 
 Hampton, Moses, was born in Beaver Countv, 
 Pa., October 28, 1803; moved to Trumbull County, 
 Ohio; pursued classical studies and graduated 
 from ^^'ashington College, Pennsylvania; studied 
 law at Uniontown; admitted to the bar in 1829; 
 began practice at Somerset, and moved in 1838 to 
 Pittsburg; elected a Representative from Pennsyl- 
 vania asa Whig to the Thirtieth Congress; reelected 
 to the Thirty-first Congress; declined to be a can- 
 diilate for reelection, and was elected president 
 juilge of the Allegheny Countv district court in 
 1853. 
 
 Hampton, Wade, was born in South Carolina 
 in 1754; receiving a good education, and devoted 
 himself to agricultural pursuits; active in pre-Revo- 
 kitionary movements; served under Marion and 
 Sumter; elected a Representative from South Caro- 
 lina to the Fourth and Eiglith Congresses; a Pres- 
 idential elector on the Jefferson and Burr ticket in 
 1801; colonel in the U. S. Army in 1808; appointed 
 brigadier-general in February, 1808, and major- 
 general in March, 1813; served in the war of 1812 
 and resigned April 6, 181-t; died at Columbia, S. C, 
 Feliruary 4, 1834. 
 
 Hampton, Wade, was l)orn in Charleston, S.C., 
 IMarch 28, 1818; graduated from the South Caro- 
 lina College; served in both Ijranches of the State 
 legislature; member of senate when State seceded; 
 resigned and served in Confederate army during 
 the war; elected governor of the State in 1876, and 
 again in 1878, and elected a United St;ites Senator 
 from South Carolina in December, 187S; took his 
 seat April 16, 1879; reelected in 1884, serving until 
 March 3, 1891; defeated in 1890; United States 
 railroad couunissioner, 1893-1897; died April 11, 
 1902. 
 
 Hanback, Lewis, of Osborne, Kans., was born 
 in Winchester, Scott County, 111., March 27, 1839; 
 received a common school education; enlisted in 
 the Union .Vrmy in the war of the rebellion, first 
 in the Tenth Illinois Infantry, and then in the 
 Twenty-seventh Illnois Infantry, and promoted to 
 be second and first lieutenant in Comjiany K of 
 the last-named regiment; after the war moved to 
 Kansas; in 1868 elected probate judge of Shawnee 
 County, holding the po-^ition for four years; after- 
 wards was ai)pointed a.ssistant United States attor- 
 ney for the districtof Kansas, and held the position 
 for more than two years, when he was appointed 
 re<'eiver of public moneys at Salina. Kans., which 
 position he held until lie was elected to the Forty- 
 eighth Congress as Congressman at large from 
 Kansas as a Republican; reelecteil to the Forty- 
 ninth Congress; died at Armourdale, Kans., Sep- 
 tendier 9, 1.S97. 
 
 Hanbury, Harry A., of Brooklyn, X. Y., was 
 born at Bristol, England, January 1, 1863; came 
 to this country with his parents at an early age; 
 educated in the public schools; entered mercantile 
 life soon after leaving school, and at the age of 21 
 established an iron works; elected to the Fifty- 
 seventh Congress as a Repulilican. 
 
 Hanchett, Luther, was bom in Portage County, 
 (Jbio, (October 25, 1825; recei\-ed an academic 
 education; studied law; admitted to the bar in 1846; 
 began practice at Fremont; moved to Portage 
 County, Wis., in 1849; engaged in lumber and 
 mining enterprises; for four years county attorney ; 
 State senator 1856-1860; elected a Representative 
 fri.im Wisconsin to the Thirty-seventh Congress as 
 a Republican, serving until his death, at Madison, 
 Wis., November 24, 1862. 
 
 Hancock, George, was born in Virginia in 
 1755; pursued classical studies; served in the Revo- 
 lutionary war as colonel of infantry; elected a 
 Representative from Virginia as a Democrat to the 
 Third and Fourtli Congresses; died at Fotherin- 
 gay, Va., August 1, 1820. 
 
 Hancock, John, was born at Quincy, Mass., 
 Januai-y 12, 1737; pursuing classical stuilies, grad- 
 uated from Harvard College in 1754; traine<i to a 
 business career in his uncle's large counting- 
 room, whose large fortune and business he in- 
 herited; several years was one of the selectmen 
 of Boston; member of the provincial legisla- 
 ture 1766-1772; active in pre-Revolutionary move- 
 ments, and, with Samuel Adams, was exempted 
 from pardon in Governor Gage's (jroclamation 
 of June 12, 1775; Delegate from Massachu.«etts 
 to the Continental Congress 1775-1 780 and 1785-86, 
 serving as President of the Continental Congress 
 May 27, 1775-October, 1777; served as senior 
 major-general of Massachusetts militia during the 
 Revolutionary war; member of the Massachusetts 
 constitutional convention of 1780; governor of 
 Massachusetts 1780-1785 and 1787, until his death 
 at Quincy, October 8, 1793. 
 
 Hancock, John, of Austin, Tex., was born of 
 Virginia parents, in Jackson County, Ala., Octo- 
 ber 29, 1824; educated partly in Alabama and 
 partly in Tennessee; studied law- at Winchester, 
 Tenn.; admitted to the bar in 1846; settled in 
 Texas in 1847, practicing his profession there until 
 August, 1851; elected to the district bench of the 
 State and served as judge until 1855, when here- 
 signed and resumed practice and planting; mem- 
 ber of the State legislature in 1860 and 1861, when 
 he refused to take the oath of allegiance to the 
 Confederate States, and was expelled; elected a 
 member of the State constitutional convention of 
 1866; engaged in the practice of his profession, 
 planting, and stock raising; elected a Representa- 
 tive to the Forty -second. Forty-third, and Forty- 
 fourth Congresses, and reelet'ted to the Forty- 
 eighth Congress as a Democrat; after the expira- 
 tion of his term in Congress he resumed tlie prac- 
 tice of law at Austin, Tex., and died there Julv 19, 
 1893. 
 
 Hand, Augustus C, was born at Shoreham, 
 Vt., SejJtember 4, 1803; received an academic 
 education; stuilied law at Litchfield, Conn.; ad- 
 mitted to the bar and began jjractice at Elizabeth- 
 town, N. Y.; surrogate of Essex County 1831-1839; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat; defeated 
 for reelection; elected State senator in 1844 and 
 served several years; justice of the State supreme 
 court 1847-1855; in 1868 delegate to the national 
 Democratic convention; died at Elizaliethtown, 
 N. Y., March 8, 1878. 
 
 Hand, Edward, was born at Clyduff, Kings 
 County, Ireland, December 31, 1744; Delegate from 
 Pennsylvania in the Continental Congress 1784-S5; 
 died at Rockford, Pa., September 3, 1802. 
 
57»> 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL UIRKCTOKY, 
 
 Handley, William A., whm iMirn near Kniiik- 
 )iii, «ia., IVii'iiilnT l.'i, lS;i4; moved tii Altilitiiiia; 
 atli'iuii'il llu" piihlii- scliniilw; lu'ld si'Vi-ral loi-ul 
 ottiii'.-*; hkivimI Id Koiiiiiiki', Ala.: wrvinl in the 
 civil war on tlic CoiilcdiTate siiK", eU'i-lrd a Kep- 
 reseiitativo from Alalmma to the Forty-second 
 Conjiress lU' a Uemoirat. 
 
 Handy, Levin Irving, of Newark, liel.. was 
 iKirri I)eiend>er '.M, ISiil,at llerliii. Md.; attended 
 indihe sihnols in Maryhmd and New York; snper- 
 nitendenl of freesihoiils in Kent Connly lS87-18iKl; 
 chairman of tlie l>emoeratie State central connnit- 
 tet.' l.Sitl.'-lS!t(i; editorial writer on Wihninjiton 
 Every Kvenin« IS!I4-S»"): elected to the Kifty-lifth 
 Congress as a Hcniocrat. 
 
 Hanks, James M., was horn at Helena, Ark., 
 Felirnary IL', ISS:); attended the pnhlii- sihuols 
 and also thecolles;e at New .\lhany. Iml., and tin' 
 Jackson Col Icfie at C'ohnnhia, Tenn.: stndied law, 
 and firailnatcd from the l'nivei>ily of Loviisville 
 in IH.V): commenced practice at lleU'na: jiulae of 
 the first jndii'ial ilistrict of .\rkansas l.St)4-18l)S; 
 elected a Heprcseiilative from Arkan.-as to the 
 Forty-second Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Hanly, J. Frank, of AVillianisport, Ind., «as 
 born in Clnimpainn Comity, III., .\pril 4, \S*VA; re- 
 ceived a connnon school education; moved to 
 AVarren Conntv, Ind., in 1S79; taufiht in the (luh- 
 lie schools of the State from ISSI to 1SS9; stndied 
 law, and ailmittid to the har Ajtril t>, 1S!>1I; electetl 
 to the Indiana .~^tate senate in Novendier, IWKI; 
 electeil to the Fifty-fomth Con^rc.^s as a Repuh- 
 licai). 
 
 Hanna, John, was liorn in Marion County, 
 Ind., ■S'ptend)er !?, 1S27; ]>nrsueil classical stml- 
 ies; ;;radnatcd from the Indiana .\slinry Iniver- 
 sity in IS.'ill; stndied law and admitted to the har; 
 bepm practice at (ireencastle, where he was mayor 
 in 1,S">1-1S.'>4; niovcil to Kan.sis, and was a meni- 
 iH'r of its Territorial le;;islatine in lS.i7-o8; re- 
 turned to Imliana; Presidential elector on the Ke- 
 pnhlican ticket in IStiO; appointed I'nited States 
 district attorney for Indiana in IStil, and rea]»- 
 jKiinted in l.'<()5; removed hy President Johnson; 
 electeil to the Forty-lifth Con;:ress as a Ke]>nh- i 
 lican. 
 
 Hanna, John A., was horn in IVmisylvania; 
 elected a Keprc-^entative- from that State to the 
 Filth, Sixth. Seventh, and Kijrhth Couf.Te.-'ses. 
 
 Hauua. Marcus Alonzo, of Cleveland, was 
 liorn in New Lishon (now Lishon), Colnmhiana 
 County, t)hio, Septemher 24, 1,*<;>7; moved with 
 his father's family to Cli-vcland in 1S.')L'; educated 
 in t lie common schools of that city and at the West- 
 ern He.servel'olleKe, Hudson, Ohio; en;;ai;eil as an 
 employee ii\ the wholesale jiroi'ery hoii.-ie<if Hanna, 
 tiarretson dt Co., his father heinj; senior meml>er 
 of the lirm; his father <lied in l.silL", and he repre- 
 ponteil that interest in the tirni until 18(17, when 
 the hnsines.s wasclo.sed up; then hecamea nieint)er 
 of thelirmof Khodes&Co., enpi;;ed in the iron and 
 coal husine.-'s; at the expiration of ten years the 
 titleof this linn wasehanped to M. A. I lannai\:Co. ; 
 identdied with the lake carrying.' husiness; ptx'si- 
 dent of the I'nion National Hank of Cleveland; 
 jiresidentof theClevelaml City Kailway Companv; 
 director of the I'nion racilic Ihiilway Company in 
 18So, hy aiipomtineiit of President CU'velaiul; dele- 
 pate to the national Kepuhlican conventions in 
 1884, 1888, ami hSiMi; electetl ihairman ol the na- 
 tional Kepuhlican committee in 1.8!M1; appointeil to 
 the I'nitid ."^tates Senate hy Governor Kushnell 
 March."), 18'.I7, to till the vacancy canseil I «v I he retire- 
 
 ment of I Ion. John !^lierman,» ho resijtned to accept 
 the iMjsition of Secretary of .''^tale in I'resident Mc- 
 Kinley's Caliinet; took his .seat .March .'i, I8!i7; 
 electeil for the short term ending Man'h 'A, 18!l!i, in 
 Jaimary, 1.8!l8,aiul also forthe succeeding; full term. 
 
 Hanna, Robert, was horn in Uiurens District, 
 S. C., .\prilt), 1780; .-^el til -.1 in Ihdokvillc, Ind., in 
 18(12; held several local ollices; appointed liiiled 
 States .S'liator from Indiana as a Whin (vice James 
 Nohle, deceased), servinj; from Dinemher o, l.s,'{l, 
 lo Jaimary ;i, l.s;i2; served as .State .senator; dieil 
 at Indianapolis, Ind., NovemtK-r 1!', 18."iS. 
 
 Hanuegan, Edward A., was a native of Ohio; 
 received a puhlic sclmol education; studied law 
 and admitted to the liar; lM';nin practice at Cov- 
 ington. Ind.; for several years Istale representa- 
 tive; elected a Kepresi'iitative from Indiana a.s a 
 Democrat to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth 
 Con>;res,ses; elected I'nited States .s^enator from 
 Indiana 184:{-1,S49; minister to I'ru.ssia 1849-.')0; 
 moveil to St. Louis, Mo.; died there Fcbruarv '2b, 
 
 Hansbrough, Henry Clay, of Devils Lake, 
 N. hak., was horn in Kandolpli County, III., 
 .laiuiary :i(l, 1.S4S; received a common school t>iiu- 
 cation; learned the art of ]>rintinK. and enpined 
 in journalism in California, \Visconsin, and Dakota 
 Territory, U'cominfja resident of the latter in 1881; 
 twice elected mayor of his city; delegate to the 
 Kepuhlican national convention in 1888; nalioiuil 
 connnitteeman for eif;ht years; nominated for 
 Coni;ress hy the tirst Kepuhlican State conven- 
 tion in North Dakota and elected; eleited to the 
 I'ldted States Senate Januarv 2.'5, 18i(l; took his 
 seat March 4, 1891; n-elected in 1897 and in 19t13. 
 
 Hanson, Alexander Contee, was horn in 
 Maryland, Fehruary 27, 178(>; received a liheral 
 education: Presidential elector on the FiMleralist 
 ticket in 17S>iand 17!":!; editeil the Federal Kepuh- 
 lican at Baltimore when in 1812 a moh, irritateil 
 hy his articles denomicinir the Administration, de- 
 stroyed the oHice; he persisted in issuinj; his pajHT 
 the next day, and the house in which he printed 
 it was attacked, and altera tij-ht he and his friends 
 were escorted to jail, w here the niohasiain attacked 
 and nciirly killed them; njoved the paper to (ieorfie- 
 town. D. t '.. \\ here he puhlished it unmolested; re- 
 tmiieil to Baltimore; elected a Kepre.-ientative from 
 Marylaiiil as a Federalist to the Thirteenth and 
 Fourteenth Coufiresses, serving until January 2, 
 1817, when he took his seat as I'nited States 
 Senator from Maryland i vice Kohert C. Harper. 
 resigned K ."ervin^ until his death, April 2.5, 1819, 
 at Belmont, Md. 
 
 Hanson, John, was Imrn in Charles County, 
 Md., in 171.">; received a irood education; memher 
 of the Maryland hou.-'e of dele;nites for a iiumlierof 
 years; moved to Frederick Comity in 177:1; active 
 in ]>re-Kevolutionary matters; trea.surer of Freil- 
 erick County in 177.">; electeil a Delegate from 
 Maryland to the Continental Con;.'ress, .-ervinK 
 from Fehruary 22. 1781, until his death, Novemlier 
 22, 178;?, at Oxen Hill, Prince Geoive County, Md., 
 servinj; one year as president. 
 
 Haralson, Hugh Anderson, was horn near 
 Pcmilield. (ia.. Novemher h'!, h'^d.'-i; inirsueil clils- 
 sical studies anil (irailuati-d from Franklin Collejie 
 in 1.82.T; .studied law and admitted totheharin l.'<2.') 
 hy a siMH'ial act of the Kvislalure: coninienivd 
 practice at Monme and afterwards niove<l to Iji- 
 (tranjie, (ia.; .state senator l,s;t7-;{8; defeated as 
 the Democratic candidate to Coniin'ss in 1840; 
 electtnl a Kepivs<'nlative from tieorgia to the 
 
BIOGKAPHIES. 
 
 577 
 
 Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and 
 Thirty-fir.«t Congresses as a Democrat; served in 
 the militia as a major-general; died at Lagrange, 
 Ga., October 6, 1854. 
 
 Haralson, Jere, was V)orn in Muscogee County, 
 Gil., Ajiril 1, l.H4(); a slave until eraancipate<i in 
 1865; self-educated after obtaining his freedom; 
 moved to Alabama; elected a State reiiresentative 
 in 1S70 and State senator in 1872; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Alabama to the Forty-fourth Con- 
 gress as a Republican; defeated for reelection to 
 the Forty-fifth Congress. 
 
 Hard, Gideon, resided at Albion, N. Y.; was 
 elected a Ui-jiresentative from that State to the 
 Twentv-third and Twentv-fourth Congresses as a 
 Whig;" State senator ]84L'-1847. 
 
 Hardeman, Thomas, was born in I'utnam 
 County, (Ja. , .January 12, 1«2."); graduated from 
 Emory College in 1845; admitted to the bar in 
 1846, "but never practiced, as he engaged in the 
 comniissiim Vjusiness; served in the State legisla- 
 ture in 185:^, 18.55, and 1857; elected a Repre.«enta- 
 tive to the Thirty-sixth Congress, of which he 
 was a niemVjer at the time of secession; captain 
 of the Floyd Ritles; major of the Second (Jeorgia 
 Battalion and colonel of the Forty-fifth Georgia 
 Regiment; elected to the State legislature in 1863, 
 18tl4, and 1874, serving as speaker of the house of 
 representatives during these three se.ssions; mem- 
 ber of the national cciuvention that nominated 
 Horace (ireeley; president of the State convention 
 and chairman of the State executive committee 
 of the Democratic party for four years; elected to 
 the Forty-eighth Congress as ( 'oiitrnwsman at large 
 from the State of Georgia as a Democrat; died at 
 Macon, Ga., March 6, 1891. 
 
 Hardenbergh, Augustus A. , was Isorn at New 
 Brunswick, N. .1., May 18, 1S;W; entered Rutgers 
 College in 1844, but was only able to continue his 
 studies through the freshman year, as he was called 
 upon to act as amanuen.sis for his father, Cornelius 
 L. Hardenbergh, LL. 1)., wlio had been stricken 
 with blindness; entered a countingroom in New 
 York and took up his residence in Jersey City in 
 1846; elected to the house of assembly of the State 
 legislature in 1853; memVjerof the board of educa- 
 tion in 18.55 and 18.56, alilerman of Jersey City in 
 1857, 1858, 18.59, and 1860, serving the latter year 
 as president of the board of aldermen; reelected 
 a meml)er of the board in 1862; moved to the 
 city of Bergen in 1863, and elected as couni-ilman; 
 electeil State director of railroa<ls by the legisla- 
 ture in joint convention in 1868; moved to the 
 county of Bergen in 1.H6S, and represented that 
 district in the Baltimore national Democratic con- 
 vention of 1872; moved back to Jersey City, in 
 Hudson County, in 1873; elected president of the 
 Northern Railroad of New Jer.sey in 1874, and de- 
 clined a reelection; elected to the Forty-fourth 
 Congress and reelected to the Forty-fifth Congress; 
 declined a reelection to the Forty-sixth Congress; 
 elected to the Forty-seventh t!ongress as a Demo- 
 crat; died at Jersey City October 5, 1889. 
 
 Hardin, Benjamin, was born in Westmoreland 
 County. Pa., in 1784; studied law; admitted to the 
 bar in 1806 and began practice at Klizabethtown, 
 but moved to Banistown, Kv., in 1808; State rep- 
 resentative in 1810, 1811, l"824, and 1825; State 
 senator in 1828-1832; elected a Representative from 
 Kentucky to the Fourteenth, Sixteentli, Seven- 
 teenth, Twenty-third, and Twenty-fourth Con- 
 gresses as a Whig, secretary of state of Kentucky 
 1844-1847; member of the State constitutional con- 
 
 vention 1849; died at Bardstown, Kv., September 
 
 24, 1852. 
 
 Hardin, John J. (son of ^Martin D. Hardin), was 
 born at Frankfort, Ky., January 6, 1810; jiursued 
 classical studies and graduated from the Transylva- 
 nia University; studied law and admit ted to the bar; 
 began practice at Jacksonville, 111.; memberof the 
 State legislature 1836-1842; elected a Rejjresenta- 
 tive from Illinois to the Twenty-eighth Congress 
 as a Whig; colonel of Illinois volunteers in the 
 Mexican war and was killed at Buena A'ista Feb- 
 ruary 27, 1847. 
 
 Hardin, Martin D. I father of John J. Hardin), 
 I was born on the Monongahela River, western Penn- 
 I sylvania, June 21, 1780; received an academic 
 education and studied law; admitted to the bar; 
 began jiractice in Franklin County, Ky. ; for a 
 number of years a State representative; State sec- 
 retary of state; served as major in the war of I8l2; 
 appointed and elected aUnited States Senator from 
 Kentucky as a Democrat ( vice William T. Barry, 
 resigned), serving from November 13, 1816, "to 
 March 3, 1817; died at Frankfort, Ky,, October 8, 
 1823. 
 
 Harding', Aaron, was a native of Green County, 
 Ky.; attended the public schools; studied law; 
 , admitted to the bar in 1833; commenced practice 
 at (ireensburg, Ky. ; State representative in 1840; 
 elected a Representative from that State to the 
 Thirty-seventh Congress as a Unionist; reelected 
 to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresises. 
 
 Harding, Abner C. , was born at Kast Hampton, 
 Conn., February 10, 1807; received an academic 
 education; studied law, and began practicing at 
 Monmouth, III.; memberof the State constitutional 
 convention in 1848; State legislator 1848-18.50; 
 enlisted as a private and became a brigadier-general 
 in the Union Army; elected a Representative from 
 Illinois to the Thirty -ninth Congre.ss as a Repub- 
 lican; reelected to the Fortieth Congress as a Union 
 Republican. 
 
 Harding, Benjamin F., was born in Wjoming 
 County, Fa., January 4, 1823; attended the pul)lic 
 schools; studied law; admitted to the bar in 1847, 
 commenced practice in Illinois in 1848; moved to 
 Oregon in 1849; clerk of the Territorial legislature 
 18.50-51 and i*s speaker in 18.52; United States dis- 
 trict attorney for Oregon in 18.53; secretary of the 
 Territory 18.54-18-59; member of the State house 
 of representatives 18.59-1862, two years as speaker; 
 elected a United States Senator from that State as 
 a Republican (vice Edward D. Baker, deceased), 
 serving from 1S62 until 1865; died in 1.S99. 
 
 Hardy, Alexander Merrill, of Washington, 
 Ind., wasbornatSimcoe, Norfolk County, Ontario, 
 Canada, December 16, 1,847; received a collegiate 
 education and studied law; came to the United 
 States in 1864, taking a commercial course at East- 
 man College, I'oughkeepsie, N. Y.; went to New 
 Orleans in 18G9, where he engaged in newspaper 
 work until 1873, when he located in Natchez, 
 Mi.-iS., where he conducted a Republican new"Si)a- 
 l)er until 1877; collector of the i)ort of Natchez un- 
 der appointment of President Grant; a witness in 
 1877 before the United States Senate Committee on 
 Privileges and Elections engaged in investigating 
 the political outrages in Mississippi; after testify- 
 ing he resigned his position as collector of the port 
 of Natchez, and for a nuinber of years was a clerk 
 I in the Departments at Washington; assigned to 
 I duty a.s clerk to the su|ierintendent of construc- 
 tion of the Government liuildiiig at Paducah, Ky., 
 in 1881; located at Washington, Daviess County, 
 
 H. Doc. 458- 
 
 -31 
 
r)7s 
 
 CONORESSIONAI. DlKECTuKY. 
 
 Iiul., in ISM: fnpidi^l in the practice of law; 
 eU'ctoii 111 tlic I'ifty-fdurth Congress u.h a Rciml)- 
 licaii; utter expiratii'M nl his term in ('oii^nss, rc- 
 tiiriiol to \Vatiliin^;toii, I ml., anil resumed the 
 practice of law. 
 
 Hardy. John, of .\ew York City, was Ixjrn in 
 Scotlanil ScpteiiiU'r HI, IS.'J.'i; reieiveil a puhllc 
 schoiil anil lolUiiiate education, jrraduatin); from 
 thct'ollci;eof thet'ityof .New York in IS,"):!; studied 
 law; admitted to the l>ar in ISiil, and practiced iti 
 the city of New York; meniher of the assembly 
 of the State of New York in IStil; niend)er of the 
 board of aldermen of the city of New York in ISG.i, 
 18()4, ISti", 18()S, and IStiit; "clerk of the conwnon 
 council in 1S70 and 1S71, and chief clerk in the 
 office of the mayor in IS77 and 1S7H; elected to 
 the Forty-seventii t'on-iress, to till vacancy caused 
 by the death of rcrnamlu Wood, as a Democrat; 
 reelected to the lorty-e:f;hth Congress. 
 
 Hardy, Samuel, was born in Isle of Wight 
 County, Va., about 1758; member of the Conti- 
 nentafCnniircss 178:5-1785; died at New York City 
 in October, 1785. 
 
 Hare, Darius D., of Upper Sandusky, Ohio, 
 was lM)rn near Adrian, in Seneca County, Ohio, 
 .lanuary It, 1S4:>; reared lUi a farm; received acom- 
 nion school education; entered the military serviie 
 as a private in the Sijinal Corps, V. S. Army, in 
 March, 18t>4, and served durin;; the remainder of 
 the war; after the war a-ssijined to special duty 
 at the headquarters of Major-Ueneral Canhy and 
 afterwards of Major-deneral Sheridan, at New 
 Orleans, reuiainiiit; on duty with the latter until 
 discharged, February 17, ISlitl; attended tlie law 
 department of the Iniversity of Micbi^ra'i; admit- 
 ted to the bar in Septend)er, lSt)7; elected mavor 
 of Upper Sandusky in 1872, 1S74, 1878, 1880, and 
 18SL', servinj; ten years; elected to the Kifty-second 
 Congress; reelected to the Fifty-third Congress. 
 
 Hare, Silas, of Sherman, Tex., Wiis born in 
 Ross County, Ohio, November i:i, 1827; moved to 
 Hamilton County, Ind., when 1:5 years of age; re- 
 ceived a common and private school education; 
 served one year in the war with Mexico as a ]m- 
 vate; studied law, and obtained liieti.se tojiractice 
 in Indiana in ls."iO; slmrtly afterwards moved to 
 Texas; chief justice of New Mexico iy lS(i2, under 
 the Confederate (.iovernment; afterwards served 
 until the war clo.sed as a captain; settled in Sher- 
 man in 18G5; criminal district judjie from 1S7:! to 
 187ii; delegate to the Chicago jtemocratic conven- 
 tion in 1884; chosen Democratic elector for the 
 State at large in 1884; elected to the Fiftieth dm- 
 gre.ss as a Democrat; reelected to the Fifty-first 
 Congre.ss; after leaving Congress heengaged in the 
 practice of his profession at Washington, D. C. 
 
 Haring, John, was born at Ta|)j)an, N. Y., 
 September 28, 17:59; Delegate to the Continental 
 Congre.ss in 1774-75 and 178.5-1787; died at Blau- 
 veltville, N. Y., April 1, 1809. 
 
 Harlan, Aaron, wa.'i born in Warren County, 
 Ohio, SepteinlH'r 8, 1802; attended the public 
 schools; Btudieil law; admitted to the bar and be- 
 gan practice in 1825; State reiire.sentative in 18:!l. 
 and State senator in 18:i8-:59and 1849; I'residential 
 elector on the Folk and Dallas ticket in 1S44; del- 
 egate to the Slate constitutional convention in 
 1850; electeii a Representative from Ohio to the 
 Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, and Thirty-lifth Con- 
 gresses as a Whig. 
 
 Harlan, Andrew J., was born at Chester, 
 Ohio, March 29, 1SI5; attended the public schools; 
 
 studied law; admitted to the l)ar, but never prac- 
 ticed; clerk of the Indiana hou.se of representatives 
 in 1842 and a member 1S4I)-1S4S; elected a Hepre- 
 sentiitive from that .'state t i the Thirty-tirst and 
 Thirty-third Congres,ses as a Democrat. 
 
 Harlan, James, wils born in Mer<-er County, 
 Ky, .luue 22, ISdd; attended the public .schools; 
 merchant; studied law, admitted to the bar in 
 182:J, anil began practice at Ilarrodsburg; i-ircuit 
 l)rosecuting attorney 1829-1844; elected a Hepre- 
 sentalive from Kentucky to the Twenty-fourth 
 anil Twenty-lifth Congres.s«'s as a Whig; secretary 
 of state 184(t-l.s44; I'residential elector on the 
 Whig ticket in 1S40; served again in the State leg- 
 islature in 1S45; appointed attorney-general of 
 Kentucky in ls.')0, holding the otlici- until his 
 death, at Frankfort February IS, IKt;:!. 
 
 Harlan, James, was born in Clark County, III., 
 
 -Vngust 25, 1S20; received a classical education, 
 graduating from tlie Indiana Asbury University 
 in 1845; studied law; removed to Iowa; sujH'rin- 
 i tendcnt of pulilic instruction in 1S47; president of 
 the Iowa \Vesleyan University; elected a United 
 States Senator from Iowa as a Whig in May, 18.55; 
 the seat having been declared vacant on the ground 
 of an informality in his election, again elected for 
 the remainder of the term in 1857, and reelected 
 in 18H0, serving until March, l,S(i5, having bfen 
 ajipointed Secretary of the Interior; resigned this 
 position in ISliii, having been eli'cted lothe United 
 States ."Senate as a Kepubliian for the term begin- 
 ning in lSti7, and served until March :l, 187:1; del- 
 egate to the peace convention in 1801; delegate to 
 the I'liiladelphia Loyalist convention of l.sfiii; pre- 
 siding judge of court of commissioners of Alabama 
 claims 1SS2-ISS5; editorof Washington Chronicle; 
 died at Mount I'leasant. Iowa, Octobers, 1.S99. 
 
 Harmanson, John H., was born at Norfolk, 
 Va., .lanuary, lso:i; jiursuing cla.ssical studies, 
 graduated from .lefferson t'ollege in Mis.«is.si|)pi; 
 practiced law in Louisiana; farmer; State .senator 
 in 1S44; elected a Representative from Louisiana 
 to the Twenty-ninth. Thirtieth, and Thirtv-tirst 
 Congre.sies as a Democrat, .serving until his death, 
 at New t»rleans, La., October 25, 1,S.50. 
 
 Harmer, Alfred C, was born in Germantown 
 ( now part of the city of Philadelphia), I'a., .Vugust 
 S, 1S25; educated in public schools and at lier- 
 mantown Academy; connnenced business as a shoe 
 manufacturer at 20 years of age; became a whole- 
 sale dealer, and retired from business in 18(S0; 
 ideiititied with railroad enterprises, shipping, and 
 wholesale coal business; elected a mendier of the 
 city council of Philadelphia in 185(), and served 
 four years; elected recoriler of deeds for Philadel- 
 phia in 18(50. and served three years; delegate to 
 the national Republican convention at Chicago in 
 l,St>5; electeii to the Forty-.second. Forty-third, 
 Fortv-tifth, Fortv-sixth. Fortv-seventh, Forty- 
 eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth. ' Fifty-tirst. Fifty- 
 second, Fifty'-thinl, Fifty-fourth. Fifty-tilth, and 
 Fiftv-sixthCongre.-«esiusa Kei>ublicair, died Mari'h 
 t>, HHXl. 
 
 ' Harnett, Cornelius, was a native of North Car- 
 olina; Delegate from North Carolina to the Con- 
 tinental Congress 1777-17SO; died at Wilmington, 
 N. C.. April 20. 17S1. 
 
 Harper. Alexander, was a native of Ireland; 
 I emigrated to .\merica and locattnl at Zanesville, 
 Ohio; eltrted a Kepre.>'entative from (tliio to the 
 1 Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whii;, and also to the 
 I Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, and Thirly-.s»'cond 
 ' Congre-sses. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 579 
 
 Harper, Francis J., was born at Frankford, 
 Pa., in 1799; State representative in 1882 ami a 
 ■State senator 18.S4-35; eleeteil a Representative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Twent3--filth Congress 
 as a Democrat, bnt died before taking his seat at 
 Frankford, March 18, 1837. 
 
 Harper, James, was born in Ireland in 1779; 
 emigrated to America and located at Philadel- 
 phia, Pa.; elected a Representative from Penn- 
 sylvania to the Twenty-third Congress as a Clay 
 Democrat; reelected to the Twenty-fourth Con- 
 gress as a Whig; died at Philadelpliia JIarch 31, 
 1873. 
 
 Harper, James C, was born in Cumljerland 
 County, Pa., Ileceml)er 6, 1819; moved to Darke 
 County, Ohio, in 1831, where he was raised on a 
 farm and received a common school education; 
 in 1840 moved to Caldwell County, N. C, where 
 he engaged in mercantile and manufacturing pur- 
 suits; held several local offices; elected to the 
 house of commons of the State in 1865 and 186e3; 
 elected a Representative from North Carolina to 
 the Forty -second Congress as a Conservative. 
 
 Harper, John A. , was a native of New Hamp- 
 shire; received an academic education; studied 
 law; admitted to the bar; began practice at Mere- 
 dith, K H.; served in the State militia 1809-1812; 
 elected a Representative from New Hampshire to 
 theTwelfth Congress as a War Democrat; defeated 
 for reelection. 
 
 Harper, Joseph M., was born at Limerick, 
 Me., June 21, li87; reared on a farm; attended 
 the public schools; studied medicine and began 
 practice at Canterbury, N. H., in 1811; served in 
 the war of 1812; State representative in 1826 and 
 1827; State senator 1829-1830, the last year as 
 president of the senate and ex officio governor 
 from February until June, 1831; elected a Repre- 
 sentative froui New Hampshire to the Twenty- 
 second and Twenty-third Congresses as a Demo- 
 crat; died at Canterbury, January 15, 1865. 
 
 Harper, Robert Goodloe, was born near Fred- 
 ericksljurg, Va., in 1765; received a classical 
 education; graduated from Princeton College in 
 1785; studied law; admitted to the bar in 1786 
 and began practicing at Charleston, S. C. ; elected 
 a Representative from South Carolina to the Third j 
 Congress (vice Alexander Gillon, decea.sed) as a | 
 Democrat; reelected to the Fourth, Fifth, and 
 Sixth Congresses; served in the war of 1812 as ' 
 colonel and attained the rank of major-general; j 
 moved to Baltimore and practiced his profession; 
 elected a United States Senator from Maryland ti) 
 serve from January 29, 1816, to 1821, but resigned 
 in 1816; died at Baltimore, Md., January 15, 1825. 
 
 Harper, 'William, was born in the island of 
 Antitrua January 17, 1790; emigrated to Aiiierica 
 and located at Charleston, S. C.; graduated from 
 the South Carolina College in 1808; studied law 
 and admitted to the bai; moved to Missouri in 
 1818; State chancellor in 1819; member of the 
 State constitutional convention in 1821; returned 
 to South Carolina in 1823; appointed United 
 States Senator from South Carcjlina (vice John 
 Gaillard, deceased), serving from March 28, 1826, 
 to December 7, 1826; member of the State hou.se 
 of representatives, and ii! 1828 its speaker; 
 appointed a judge of the court of appeals in 1831 ; 
 chancellor of the State in 1834, which position he 
 held at the time of his death, which occurred 
 October 10, 1847. 
 
 Harries, William Henry, of Caledonia, 
 ilinn., was born in .Montgomery County, Ohio, 
 January 15, 1843; moved to LaCros'se, Wis. ; enli.sted 
 as a private in Compiany B, Second Wisconsin 
 ^'olu^teer Infantry, .\prii 18, 1861; ro.se through 
 all the grades of noncommissioned officers tci 
 .'-econd and first lieutenant of his company; com- 
 missioned captain of Company F, Third" United 
 States Veteran Volunteers, General Hancock's 
 corps, December 21, 1864; severely wounded 
 through the left lung in the battle of Antietam; 
 discharged from the Army April 17, 1866; gradu- 
 ated from the Ann Arbor"Law School in 1868: lo- 
 cated in Houston County, Minn., and admitted to 
 the bar Jlay 6, 1868; county attorney two terms; 
 member of the board of education and ]iresident 
 of board of trustees of Caledonia; elected to the 
 Fifty-set-ond Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Harringi;on, Henry W. , was born in Otsego 
 County, N. Y., September 12, 1825; received a lib- 
 eral education; studied law, and in 1849 admitted 
 to the bar; moved to Indiana in 18-56; delegate to 
 the Democratic national convention at Charles- 
 ton in 1860; elected a Representative from Indi- 
 ana to the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Harris, Benjamin Gwinn, was born near 
 Leonardtown, Md., December 13, 1806; student 
 at Yale, and attended the Cambridge law school; 
 studied law, and admitted to the bar at Leonard- 
 town; served six terms in the State legislature; 
 elected a Representative from ^Maryland to the 
 Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat; reelected to 
 the Thirty-ninth Congress; court-martialed at 
 Washington, D. C, in .May, 1865, for harboring 
 two paroled Confetlerate soldiers, and sentenced 
 for three years, and forever disqualified from 
 holding any office under the Ignited States Gov- 
 ernment; President Johnson remitted the sen- 
 tence; died in 1895. 
 
 Harris, Benjamin W., of East Bridgewater, 
 
 Mass., was born there November 10, 1823; received 
 an academic education; studied law, graduating 
 from the Dane Law School, Cambridge, in 1849; 
 admitted to the bar at Boston in April, 18.50; com- 
 menced practice at East Bridgewater in July, 1850; 
 member of the State senate from Plymouth County 
 in 1857 and a representative in the State legislature 
 from East Bridgewater in 1858; district attorney 
 for the southeastern district of Massachusetts from 
 July 1, 1858, until June 30, 1866; collector of inter- 
 nal revenue for the second district of IMassachu- 
 setts from June 20, 1866, until March 1, 1873, when 
 he resigned; elected to the Forty-third, Fortv- 
 fourth. Forty-fifth, and Forty-sixth Congres.ses, 
 and reelected to the Forty-seventh Congress as a 
 Republican; elected judge of probate for the 
 county of Plymouth in 1887. 
 
 _ Harris, Charles M. , was born at Munfordsville, 
 Ky., April 10, 1821; received a limited education; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar; moved to 
 Illinois and located at Oquawka, where he began 
 [practice; elected a Representative from Illinois to 
 the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Harris, George E. , was born in Orange County, 
 N. C., January 6, 1827; moved when quite young 
 to Tennessee, and thence to Jlississippi; received 
 acommon school education; .studied law; admitted 
 to the bar in 1854; entered the Confederate army, 
 serving until the closeof the war; elected a district 
 attorney in 1865; reelected in 1866; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Mississippi to the Forty-first Con- 
 gressasa Republican; reelected to the Forty-second 
 
580 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 Coiijiri'ss; elcHcd uttiirm-y-j.'i'ncriil ui tlir Sluli- uf 
 Mii'f'is.-iiiipi. 
 
 Harris, Henry R., nf <ireonvilU', (in., wa.H born 
 at Sparta, (ia., Fclnimry '2, l.SL'.S; hidnccI loCireen- 
 vilK', .MiTiwi'tluT Cniinty, (ia., in lUit.S; ^'rinliialiMl 
 fniiii Kinory ('iillc),'c in IS47; iilantcr; iiicnit)iT of 
 tlie (n-oDjia coriventidii of ISiil; i-k-ctcd to the 
 Forty-third, Korty-foiirtli, Korty-tiftli, and Korty- 
 iiintli ( on^tresiJcs a.-i a J)cniocrat; after leaviniJtCoii- 
 gre.'^-' ri-siinicd farniinK- 
 
 Harris, Henry 8., of IVIvidcrt", X. .1.. was 
 Inirn tliirc IIciimmIkt L'7, 1.S.">(); finiduated from 
 Princeton ('ollcge in l.'^TO; stndied law at ISclvi- 
 dere; lli-t'n.''e<l a." an attorney in .lune, 1S7.S, and 
 connselor at .Inno tiTiii. lS7ii, and hc^ran sncccf^sltil 
 pi~.U'lii'e iniMU'diatcly ; appi>iMl(Ml prosiciitor of lln' 
 pleas for Warren t'onnty ia Marili, 1S77; elected 
 to the Forty seventh t'oncres." as a Democrat. 
 
 Harris, Ira, wa.« l)orn in t'liarle.-<ton, N. Y., 
 ^hly:'.l, Isdi'; ^'raduaieil from I'nion College in 
 I.^^lM; studied law, and in ISL'7 ailniitted to the liar; 
 liefian ]iractice at Alliany. niendier of the State 
 liuUf^e of rei)re.senlative.'' in 1S44 and 1X4^''; State 
 senator in 1S4(); delefiate to the State constitntional 
 convention in lS4(i; jnstice of the snpreme eonrt 
 1847-18.=>!l; elected a I'nited States .Senator from 
 New York as a Kepnhlican, servinf; from July 4, 
 IKdl. to March :i, l.st)7; deleirate at larjie to 'the 
 State eonstitntional convention in l.''(>7: ilied at 
 Albany, N. Y., I'ecemher :.', l>S7."i. 
 
 Harris, Ishani G., was horn near Tiillahoina. 
 Tenn., Fehrnary W. USIS; edncated at the 
 academy at Winchendon; stn<Iicd law and ail- 
 mitted to the bar; connneiiceil to jiracticeal Paris, 
 Henry County, Tenn., in ]<S41; elected to the 
 .state letiislatnre as a Democrat from the comities 
 of Henry, Weakley, p.nd Oliion in 1847; candi- 
 date for Presidential elector in the Ninth Con>;res- 
 sional district of Tenne.«see on ihe Democratic 
 ticket in 1.S48; elected to Congress as a Democrat 
 from the Ninth Congressional district in 1841*. re- 
 electeil in 18.51, and nominated as the camlidate of 
 the Democratic party in IS.'iS, but declined the 
 nomination; moved to Memphis, and there re- 
 snined the practice of his ]irofession; Presidential 
 elector for the State at large in l.H.iti; elected gov- 
 ernorof Tennessee as a Democrat in 1.8.")7, reelected 
 in \><rt9. and again in ISlil ; volunteer aicl upon the 
 staff of the commanding general of the Confederate 
 army of Tennes-see for the last three years of the 
 civil war; returned to the iiracticeof law at Mem- 
 phis in l.St)7, andengage<l in it until electeil to the 
 Cniteil States Senate as a Democrat to succeed 
 Heurv Cooper, Democrat, and took his seat 
 March .i, 1877; reelected in 1883, I88S), and 189.5; 
 died Jnly S, 1897. 
 
 Harris, J. Morrison, was Inirn at Baltimore. 
 Md., in l.S:^!; grailuated from Lafayette College. 
 F^a-ston, Pa.; studied law, and in 1.S4S admitted to 
 the bar; elected a Representative from Maryland 
 to the Thirtv-fonrth Congress as an .American; re- 
 elected to the Thirty-liflh and Thirty-sixth Con- 
 gresses; delegate to the .National Cnion convention 
 at Philadei|ihia in 18411; defeated as the independ- 
 ent candidate for governor of Maryland in 18117. 
 
 Harris, John, was a native of New York; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Tenth Congress. 
 
 Harris, John S., was born at Trnxton. N. Y.. 
 Deiendier 18. 1.S2.5; receiveil a liln-ral e<lncation; 
 moved to Milwaukee, Wis., in 1848; moved to 
 Concordia Parish, La., in 18t5;j and became a 
 
 planter; elected to the constitutional convention 
 of that .State in 18(17 and to tin; .state senate in 
 18118; elected I'nited Slates Senator from L<iuisi- 
 ana as a Kepidilican. serving from .lulv 17, 18(18, 
 to March :i, 1.S71. 
 
 Harris, John T., was borti in Albemarle 
 Comity, Va., May 8, 1825; stuilierl law and jirac- 
 ticed; attorney for the Conimoinvt'altli I. S.")2- 1.8.59; 
 Presidential ele<tor on the Buchanan ticket in 
 18.5»i; mendicr of the Thirty-.sixth Congre.ss of the 
 I'nited States; member of the Confi-derate legisla- 
 ture 18(i:{-l.S().5; judge of the twelfth jndi<-ial circuit 
 of \'irginia 18(i(i-l.S(i9; elected to the F'orty-.second, 
 Forty-thiril, Forty-fourth, Forty-tifth, and Forty- 
 sixth Congresses as a Democrat; comnii.s.sioner 
 from Virginia to the World's Fair at Chicago; dieil 
 (litober 14. 1899. 
 
 Harris, Mark, was born at Ipswich, Ma.ss., in 
 1779; moved to Portland, Me., in 18tH); held sev- 
 eral local ollices; served in both branches of the 
 legislature; electeil a Kepreseiitative from Maine 
 to the Seventeenth Congress (vice K. Whitman, 
 resigned), serving from December 'JO, 1S22, to 
 March 3, 1.823; died at New York Citv March 2, 
 1843. 
 
 Harris, Robert, was a native of Dauphin 
 County. Pa.; elected a Ke|>re.sentalive from Penn- 
 sylvania to the F'.ighteenth ami Nineteenth Con- 
 gresses. 
 
 Harris, Sampson "W., was born in Klbert 
 County, (_ia., February 23. l.S()9; graduated from 
 the I'niversity of (ieorgia in 1828; studied law 
 and admitteil to the bar; served in the.state house 
 of representatives; moved to Wetumpka, .\la.. in 
 1.'<38; elected solicitor of theeightli circuit in 1841; 
 State senator 1844 and 184.5; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Alabama to the Thirtieth, Thirty-tirst. 
 Thirty-second, Thirty-third, and Thirty-fourth 
 (^'ongre.s.sesas a Democrat; declined reelection; died 
 at \\ashington, D. C, April 1, 1857. 
 
 Harris, Stephen R. , of Rucyrus, Ohio, was 
 born on his father's farm. 7 miles west of Massil- 
 lon. Ohio, May 22, 1.824; his grandfather, ,lohn 
 Harris, served in the Revolutionarv war under 
 General Washington, and signalized him.self for 
 bravery in the battle of Monmouth; worked on 
 his father's farm and attendc><l common school 
 until 14 years (jf age; admitted to the bar in the 
 s])ring of 1849 and oiiened a law otlice ,lune 14. 
 1849, in lincyrus; elected to the Fifty-fourth Con- 
 gress as a Republican. 
 
 Harris, Thomas K. , was eleited a Representa- 
 tive from Tennessee to the Thirteenth Congre.ss as 
 a Democrat; die<l from wounds received in an 
 encounter with Colonel Sim]>son .\]iril 18, 1816. 
 
 Harris, Thomas L. , w as Ixirn at Norwich. 
 Conn., October 29, 181(1; puivued cla.ssieal studies, 
 grailuating from Trinity College, Ilartlonl, in 1841; 
 studied law; admitted to the bar in 1.842; com- 
 menced practice at Springlield, 111.; moved to 
 Mound City in 1843; electeil a State senator in 
 184(1, lint dill not accept, as he was serving in the 
 Mexican war; elected a Ki'preseiitative from Illi- 
 nois to till' Thirty-tii-st Congress as a Democrat; 
 defeated for the Thirty-second Congress; electeil 
 to Ihe Thirty-fourth Congress; reelected to the 
 Thirl y-tifth Congress; reelected to Ihe Thirtv-sixth 
 Congress, but did not serve; died Novemlier 24. 
 1.H.5S, at Springlield. 111. 
 
 Harris, Wiley P., was a nativi- of Mississippi; 
 locateil at Moiiticello; elected a Repre.sentative 
 from Mississijipi to the Thirty-third Congress a.* a 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 581 
 
 Democrat; deputy to the provisional congress of 
 the Confederate States at Montgomery, Ala., 
 February, 1861. 
 
 Harris, William A., was born in Fauquier 
 County, Va., August, 1805; received an academic 
 education; studied law and admitted to the t)ar; 
 commenced jiraotice at Luray; State representa- 
 tive; Presidential elector on the Van Buren and 
 Johnson ticket in 1840; elected a Representative 
 from Virginia to the Twenty-seventh Congress as a 
 Democrat; editor of the S])ectator and the Con- 
 stitution at Washington, D. C; charge d'affaires to 
 the Argentine Kepubhc 1846-1851; moved to Mis- 
 souri; editor of the Washington Union and ])rinter 
 to the United States Senate 1857-1859; died in 
 Pike County, Jlo., March 28, 1864. 
 
 Harris, William Alexander, of Linwood, 
 Leavenworth County, Kans., was born in Loudoun 
 County, Va., October 29, 1841, liis home being at 
 Luray, Va., where he attended school: graduated 
 from Cohunbian College, Washington, 1>. C, in 
 1859, and from the Virginia Military Institute in 
 1861; served three years in the Confederate army 
 as assistant a<ljutant-general of Wilcox's brigade 
 and ordnance officer of D. H. Hill's and Rodes's 
 <livisiong. Army of Northern Virginia; moved to 
 Kansas in 1865 and employed as civil engineer in 
 the construction of the Union Pacific Railroad, 
 Kansas Division, for three years; accepted the 
 agency for the sale of the Delaware Reservation 
 and other lands in 1868, in connection with farm- 
 ing and stock raising; farmer and breeder of pure- 
 bred shorthorn cattle from 1876; elected to the 
 Fifty-third Congress as a Poi)ulist, indor.se<l liy the 
 Democrats; renominated for the Fifty-fourth Con- 
 gress, but defeated at the election; electeil to the 
 State senate November, 1896, and elected in Janu- 
 ary, 1897, to the United States Senate as a Demo- 
 crat and took his seat March 4, 1S97. 
 
 Harrison, Albert G., was a native i if Kentucky; 
 received a good education; studied law; admitted 
 to the bar, commencing jiractice at Fulton, Mo.; 
 elected a Representative from Missouri to the 
 Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses as a 
 Van Buren Democrat; died at Fulton, Mo., 
 September 7, 1839. 
 
 Harrison, Benjamin (father of William Henry 
 Harrison and grandfather of John Scott Harrison, 
 and great-grandfather of Benjamin Harrison), was 
 born in Berkeley, Charles City County, Va., April 
 5, 1740; pursued classical studies, attending William 
 and Mary College; member of the colonial Iiouse 
 of burgesses in 1764; active in pre- Revolutionary 
 movements; Delegate frfim Virginia to the Conti- 
 nental Congress 1774, resigning in 1778; speaker 
 of the house of burgesses; governor of Virginia 
 1782-1784; delegate to the State convention for 
 the ratification of the Federal Constitution, voting 
 against it; died at City Point, Va., April 24, 1791. 
 
 Harrison, Benjamin, was born at North- 
 bend, Hamilton County, Ohio, August 20, 1833; 
 received a classical education, graduating from 
 Miami University, Oxfonl, Ohio, in 1852; stud- 
 ied law at Cincinnati, Ohio; moved in March, 
 1854, to Indianapolis; engaged in the practice 
 of law; elected in October, I860, by the people, 
 reporter of the decisions of the supreme court 
 of the State; commissioned second lieutenant of 
 Indiana Volunteers in July, 1862; raised Com- 
 pany A of the Seventieth Indiana Volunteer In- 
 fantry, commissioned captain, and on the organi- 
 zation of the regiment commissioned colonel; went 
 with the regiment to Kentucky in August, and 
 
 served until mustered out in June, 1865; l)revetted 
 brigadier-general in February, 1865; while in the 
 field, in Octolier, 1864, reelected reporter of the 
 supreme court, which office lie had lost by accept- 
 ing commission in the Army; after having been 
 mustered out entered upon the duties of rejiorter 
 and served four years; candidate of the Repuljlican 
 party for governor of Indiana in 1876, but de- 
 feated; appointed memVierof the Mississippi River 
 Commission in 1879; elected to the United States 
 Senate as a Republican to succeed Joseph E. ilc- 
 Donald, Democrat, and took his seat March 4, 
 1881; defeated for reelection by David Turpie; 
 elected President of tlie United States in 18.S8; re- 
 nominated for second term and defeated by (trover 
 Cleveland; attorney for Venezuela in the boundary • 
 dispute between \'enezuela and Great Britain, 
 which met at Paris in 1900; died at Indianaoolis, 
 Ind., March 13, 1901. 
 
 Harrison, Carter B., was a native of Charles 
 City County, Va.; received a classical education; 
 electeii a Representative from Virginia to the 
 Third, Fourth, and Fifth Congresses. 
 
 Harrison, Carter H., born in Fayette County, 
 Ky., February 15, 1825; received a classical educa- 
 tion and graduated from Yale ('ollege in 1845; 
 studied law, but continued farming until 1855; 
 traveled abroad two years; graduated at Transyl- 
 vania Law School, Lexington, Ky., in 1855; moved 
 to Chicago, becoming interested in the real estate 
 business; commissioner of Cook County 1871-1874; 
 elected a Representative from Illinois to the Forty- 
 fourth Congress as an Oppositionist (Democrat); 
 reelected to the Fortv-fifth Congress; elected 
 mayor of Chicago in 1879, 1881, 1883, and 1885; 
 made a tour of the world in 1887; defeated as an 
 independent for mayor in 1891, but elected in 
 1893 as a Democrat; died at Chicago, III., October 
 29, 1893. 
 
 Harrison, George P., of Opelika, Ala., was 
 liorn near the ('ity of Savannali, Ga., Man-h 19, 
 1841; educated at the Georgia Military Institute; 
 entered the Confederate army as second lieuten- 
 ant of the First (ieorgia Regulars, and successively 
 promoted to first lieutenant, major, colonel, and 
 brigadier-general; moved to Alabama in 1865; 
 studied law during and after the war and licensed 
 to practice sotm after removal to Alabama; mem- 
 ber of the constitutional convention of Alabama 
 in 1875; elected State senator in 1876, and reelected 
 in 1880; president of the State senate 1882-1884; 
 delegate to tlie natiimal Democratic convention 
 held in Chicago in 1892; elected as a Democrat, 
 November 6, 1894, to fill out the unexpired term 
 of Hon. W. C Gates, resigned, in the Fifty-third 
 Congress; reelected to Fifty-fourth Congress; de- 
 clined a reelection and resumed the practice of 
 law. 
 
 Harrison, Horace H., was born in Wilson 
 County, Pa., August 7, 1829; received an academic 
 education; studied law; admitted to the bar in 
 1857; commenced practice at Nashville in 1859; 
 United States district attorney for the central 
 Tennessee district 1863-1866; elected chancellor 
 in the Nashville chancery division; judge of the 
 State supreme court 1867-68; Presidential eiector 
 on the Repulilican ticket in 1868; again United 
 States district attorney in his former district 1872- 
 73; elected a Representative from Tennessee to 
 the Forty-third Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Harrison, Jolin Scott (grandson of Benjamin 
 Harrison, son of William Henry Harrison, and 
 father of Benjamin Harrison), was born at Vin- 
 
582 
 
 OONORKSSIONAL DIRKCTORY. 
 
 ceiines, Inil., Oc'tol)er 4, 1804; rewivt'd a cood etl- 
 iication; cloctoil ii Kcprcst'iitativo from Ohio to tlu' 
 Thirty-tliiiil {'onjrns.s uh a WIiik; iiiIimIciI to tlic 
 Tliiitv-l'onitli Coii^ii'ss; (lied at Nortlibciul, Ohio, 
 May i'ti, 1H78. 
 
 Harrison, Richard A., was Ixirn in ]''n);lnnd 
 ill 1S'_'7; tMiiij.'ralid to Ami'iiia in IS.tti, si'tlliiii; in 
 Oliio; atti'iidi'ci piililic schools and thi' Ciiniiinati 
 Ijaw School, jiraduatiiin ill I.s4i>; coniinciiii'd prac- 
 tice at London; State rciircsciitativo in lS4fi and a 
 State senator in 1S4S; eleited a Representative 
 from Oliio to the Thirty-seventh Connress (vice 
 Thomas ('or« in, rcsifiiied) as a I'liion l)emocrat. 
 
 Harrison, Samuel S., was a native of Mary- 
 land; moved to Kittamiirnr, I'a.; elected a Hepre- 
 seiitative from I'ennsylvania to the Twenty-third 
 and Twenty-fourth C'oiigreases as a Democrat. 
 
 Harrison, William, was a native of Maryland; 
 Deleirale from that State to the ("ontinental Con- 
 press 17S.1-17K7. 
 
 Harrison, William Henry (son of I'.eiijamin 
 Harrison, fat her of Scott Ihirrison, and grandfather 
 of Heiijainin Harrison), was horn in Charles City 
 County. Va., Fehruary H, 177:i; pnrsiied classical 
 studies; attended llampdcn-Sydncy College; 
 studied medicine; commi.ssioned hy I'resident 
 Washiiitrton ensipn in A|inl, 17ill, and serving in 
 Indian wars; resigned in 17H7 with the rank of 
 captain; appointed secretary of the Northwest 
 Territory, and elected its Delefiate to the Sixth 
 Conuress, resipninj; in March, ISOO; jrovcrnor of 
 Indiana 1S0I-181.S, and also Indian apent; niajor- 
 peneral of vohmtei'rs in the war of ISlL'; defeated 
 the lirilish and Indians at Tip|>ecanoe November 
 7, l.Sll; resigned in 1S14; head commissioner to 
 treat with the Indians; elected a Kepre.seiitative 
 from ( lliio to the Koiirteenth (vice John M(d>ean 
 resigned land Kifteenth ('onpre.ssesasaWhifj; State 
 senator lsi!>-18;il; elected Cnited States Senator 
 from Ohio, .serving from Oeceniber ■'), 1H2.^, to his 
 re.sipnation, Mav 2(1, 1.S2.H; minist<.>r to Colombia, 
 May 24, 1.S2S, to ScptemlxT 211, 18211; I'resident of 
 the Cnite.! States March 4, 1841, until his death, 
 at Wa^^hiupton, l>. ('., April 4, 1841. 
 
 Hart, Alphonso, of Hillsboro, Ohio, was born 
 at Vienna. Trumtaill County, Ohio, .Inly 4, 18:i0; 
 edncateil in common schools ami at (irand Kiver 
 Institute. Austinburp. Ohio; ,-tndiid law in War- 
 ren. < )hio. anri admitted to the bar .\u^'Ust 12. IS.il ; 
 editor ami proprietorof the I 'ortape Sentinel l.S.')4- 
 lK.i7. at Uavenna, and then began the practice of 
 law; elected jirosecuting attorney for I'ortage 
 County in ISlil. and reelected in 18("):!; resigned in 
 18H4, and elected to theOhio senate; elected again 
 to the senati' in 1><7I ; (irant Presidential elei'torat 
 large for Ohio in 1872; elected lieutenaut-goveriKjr 
 of Ohio on the Republican ticket in IS7.S. and 
 starved two years; elected to the Forty-eighth Coii- 
 gre&s as a Republican. 
 
 Hart, E. Kirke, was born at Albion. N. Y., 
 April 8, 1.S41; attended the Albion .\cademy; en- 
 gage<I in banking; member of the State liouse of 
 representatives in 1872; elected a Reiire.-entative 
 from New York to the Forty-fifth Congre.-^s. 
 
 Hart, Emanuel B., was born at New York City 
 in I.Hdll; atleiidi-d the public .-schools; engaged in 
 mercantile pursuits; active in the militia: alder- 
 man; eleifed a Representative from New York to 
 the Thirly-.iecond Congress as a Democrat; ap- 
 pointed by President liuchanan surveyor of the 
 p<jrt of New York. 
 
 HaJTt, John, was ))om at Hnpcwell, N. J., in 
 1708; received a pnhlicschool education; Delegate 
 from New .lerscv to the Continental Coiigres.s 
 1774-1777; died at Ilo|H-well in 1780. 
 
 Hart, Joseph J., of Milford, Pa., wax Ixirn at 
 Nvack, Rockland County, N. Y., April 18, 18.5>l; 
 alteiidi'd the schools of his native village and the 
 Charlier Institute, New York City, from whicli 
 institution he graduated in 187(i; beciime book- 
 keeper in a grain warehouse in Brooklyn; on at- 
 taining his majority returned to Nyack and |nir- 
 cliased City and Country, the leading Democratic 
 newspajier of the section, which he successfully 
 londucted until 188U, when lie moved to I'ike 
 Countv, I'a.; elected from Pennsylvania to the 
 Fifty-fourth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Hart, Roswell, was born at Rfichester, N. Y., 
 in 1824; graduated from Vale College in 1843; 
 studied law and in 1847 admitte<l to the bar; never 
 liracliceil; merchant; elected a Kepre.>Jentative from 
 New York to the Thirty-ninth Congress as a He- 
 jiublicaii; defeated for reelection to the Fortieth 
 Congress. 
 
 Harter, Hichael D. , was lx>rn at Canton, Ohio, 
 in 184(); lived at Manstield. Ohio; .Mr. Harter was 
 a .leffersonian, and hisinlluence politically wasfor 
 conservative, safe measures, and against radical, 
 unsound, meddle.-'ome legislation; elected to the 
 Fifty-second and Fifty-third ( i ■ogresses as a Dem- 
 ocrat; died in 1896. 
 
 Hartley, Thomas, was born at Reading, Pa., 
 Sejitcmber 7, 1S48; receive<l a liberal echication; 
 studied law an<l admitteil to the bar; began the 
 jiractice of his ]irofe.ssion at Y'ork, Pa.; served in 
 the Revolutionary war as colonel; served in the 
 State legislature; elected a Representative from 
 I'ennsylvania to the First, Second, Tliinl, Fourth, 
 Fifth, and Sixth Congresses; died at Y'ork, Pa., 
 December 21, 1800. 
 
 Hartman, Charles S., of Hozeman, Mont., 
 was born at Monticcllo, Ind., March 1, 1861; read 
 law; moved to Montana in .lanuary, 1882; ailmit- 
 ted to the bar in 1884, and in November, 1884, 
 elected probate judge of (iallatm County, Mont., 
 and served two years as such; a candidate for the 
 legislature from Oallatin County in 1888 and de- 
 feated; member of the constitutional convention 
 in ISSi); held no other otKce; elected to the Fifty- 
 third Congri'ss as a Republican, and rctOecttvI to 
 the Fifty-fourth Congre.sg; reelected to the Fifty- 
 fifth Congrea" as a Silver Republican. 
 
 Hartridge, Julian, was born at Savannah, (ia., 
 in September, l.S2ii; received a classical education; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar; served in 
 the State legislature; lUlegate to the national Dem- 
 ocratic convention at Charleston in 18ti0; serve<l 
 one year in the Confederate army; niemlx-r of the 
 Cont'ederati' Congre.-'s; delegate to the national 
 Democratic convention in 1872; also Presidential 
 elector; electol a Representative from Geoi-gia to 
 the Forty-fourth ami Forty-lifth Congresses; died 
 .lanuary "8, 18711. at Washington. D. C. 
 
 Hartzell, William, was born in Stark County, 
 Ohio, February 20. ls:!7; moved with his ])arents 
 to Illinois in 1840; moved to the Republic of Mex- 
 ico in 1844, where he remained until 18.'iH, when 
 he returned to Randolph County, III.; receivitl a 
 limileil education; studied law and in l.st>4 ad- 
 mitteil to the bar; elected as a Democratic to the 
 Forly-lcpiirlh Congress from Illinois; reelected to 
 tlie Forty-lifth Congress. 
 
mortRAPHIES. 
 
 583 
 
 Harvey, David A., of Uklahoiua t'ity, Ukla., 
 was liorn at Stewiack, Province of Nova Scotia, 
 March 20, 1845; went with his parents to Clermont 
 County, Ohio, in 1852; enlisted September, 1861, 
 in Company B, Fourth Ohicj Cavalry, and served 
 throujrhout the war; after the war attended Miami 
 University, at Oxford, Ohio; studied law; ad- 
 mitted to tlie bar in September, 1868; moved to 
 Topeka, Kan.s., in 1869, where he served four 
 years as city attorney and six years as probate 
 judge; elected Delegate from Oklahoma to the 
 Fifty-first Congress as a Republican; reelected to 
 the Fifty-second Congress. 
 
 Harvey, James M. , was born in Jlonroe 
 County, Va., September 21, 1833; received a lib- 
 eral education; moved to Kansas in 1859 and 
 engaged in farming; served with the Union Army 
 as captain 1861-1864; member of the State house 
 of representatives 1865-66 and of the State senate 
 1867-68; governor of Kansas 1869-70, 1870-71; 
 electei.l a t'riited States Senator from Kansas as a 
 Bepublican (vice Alexander Caldwell, resigned, 
 vice Robert Crozier, resigned), serving from Feb- 
 ruary 12, 1874, to March 3, 1877. 
 
 Harvey, Jonathan (brother of Matthew Har- 
 vey), was born in Merrimack County, N. H., in 
 1780; received a liberal education; served several 
 years in l)oth branches of the legislature; presi- 
 dent of the senate 1817-182.'!; member of the exec- 
 utive council 1823-1825; elected a Representative 
 from New Hampshire to the Nineteenth, Twen- 
 tieth, and Twenty-lirst Congresses; died at Sutton, 
 N. H., August 2.3, 18.59. 
 
 Harvey, Matthew, was born at Sutton, N. H., 
 June 21, 1781 ; graduated from Dartmouth College 
 in 1.S06; studied law and admitted to the Ijar; 
 began practice at Hnpkinton, N. H., in 1809; 
 served seven terms in the lower branch of the 
 legislature; its speaker three terms; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New Hampshire to the Seven- 
 teenth and Eighteenth Congresses; State senator 
 in 1825, 1826, and 1827, serving as president of the 
 senate; governor of New Hampshiie in 1830 and 
 1831; appointed by President Jackson judge of 
 the United States district court for New Hamp- 
 shire in 1831; died at Concord, N. H., April 7, 1856. 
 
 Harvie, John, was born at Gargunnock, Scot- 
 land; a Delegate from the State of Virginia to the 
 Continental Congress 1777-78; died at Richmond, 
 Va., February 6, 1807. 
 
 Hasbrouck, Ahraham, was a native of New 
 York; served in the State legislature 1781, 1782, 
 and 1811; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat; 
 again a member of the State senate in 1822. 
 
 Hasbrouck, Abraham B. , was born at Kings- 
 ton, N. Y., in November, 1791; graduated from 
 Yale College in 1810; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Nineteenth Congress; 
 moved to New Jersey; for a number of years presi- 
 dent of Rutgers College; died at Kingston, N. Y., 
 February, 23, 1879. 
 
 Hasbrouck, Josiah, was a native of Ulster 
 County, N. Y.; received a liberal education; 
 member of the State house of represent;itives 1796, 
 1797, 1802, and 1806; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Eighth and Fifteenth Con- 
 gresses. 
 
 Hascall, Augustus P., was a native of Massa- 
 chusetts; located at Leroy, N. Y.; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New York to the Thirty-second 
 Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Haskell, Dudley C, was born at Springfield, 
 Vt., Marcli 23, 1842; received a classical education 
 at Ea«thampton, Mass., and took a special course 
 at Yale College; engaged in mercantile pursuits; 
 moved to Kansas in 1855; member of the State 
 house of representatives in 1872, 1875, and 1876, 
 serving the last term as speaker of the house; 
 nominated for governor by the Temperance party 
 in 1874, and declined; elected to tlie Forty-fifth, 
 Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Con- 
 gresses as a Republican; died at Washington 
 December 16, 1883. 
 
 Haskell, William T., was born in Tennessee; 
 received a liberal education; studied law and 
 admitted to the l)ar; served as colonel in the 
 Mexican war; elected a Representative from Ten- 
 nessee to the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig; 
 resumed practice; died at Flopkinsville, Ky., 
 March 20, 1859. 
 
 Haskin, John B. , was born at Fordbam, N. Y., 
 August 7, 1821; received a liberal education; 
 studied law and a<lmitted to the bar; began the 
 practice of his profession at New York City in 
 1845; elected a Repre.sentative from New York to 
 the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses as a 
 Democrat; died at Friends Lake, N. Y., Septem- 
 ber 8, 1895. 
 
 Haskins, Kittredge, of Brattleboro, Vt., was 
 born at Dover, Vt., April 8, 1836; educated in the 
 public schools and by a private tutor; read law 
 and admitted to the bar; State attorney for 
 Windham County 1870-1872; United States attor- 
 ney for the district of Vermont from Octolier, 1880, 
 to June, 1887; served as first lieutenant of Com- 
 pany I, Sixteenth Regiment Vermont Volunteers, 
 in the Union Army; appointed colonel and chief of 
 staff to Governor Peter T. Washburn in 1869; 
 member of the Grand Army of the Republic and of 
 the Loyal Legion; served on the Republican State 
 committee 1869-1872, and chairman of the Repub- 
 lican committee for the Second Congressional dis- 
 trict 1876-1884; represented Brattleboro in the 
 legislature 1872-1874, and again 1S96-1900; 
 speaker of the house 1898-1900; State senator 
 from Windham County 1892-1894; chairman of 
 the Vermont l.ioard of commissioners to establish 
 the boundary line between that State and Massa- 
 chusetts 1892-1900; elected to the Fifty-seventh 
 and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Hasting's, George, wasbornat Clinton, Oneida 
 County, N. Y., March 13, 1807; graduated from 
 Hamilton College in 1826; studied law, and in 1830 
 admitted to the bar; moved to Mount Morris, 
 Livingston County; district attorney for Living- 
 ston County 1839-1848; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Thirty-third Congress as a 
 Democrat; elected judge of the county court of 
 Livingston County, serving from Noveml)er, 1855, 
 until August 29, 1866, when he died at Mount 
 Morris, N. Y. 
 
 Hastings, John, was elected a Representative 
 from Ohio to the Twenty-sixth and Twenth- 
 seventh Congresses as a Democrat; died at Colum- 
 bus, Ohio, December 29, 18.54. 
 
 in 
 ral 
 
 Hastings, Serranus Clinton, was born i 
 New York November 14, 1814; received a liberi,. 
 education; studied law and admitted to the bar; 
 began practicing in Iowa; judge of the State 
 supreme court; elected a Representative from 
 Iowa to the Twenty-ninth Congress; moved to 
 California and resumed the practice of law. 
 
 Hastings, Seth (father of W. S. Ha,stings), was 
 born at ileiidon, Mass., in 1761, graduated from 
 
584 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 Hiirvard ColleKi- in 1782; ftmliol law and adniit- 
 ti'd t<i the l>ai-. eU'cted a KeprostMitativc fnini 
 Massai'liusi'tls ti) the Seventh, Kijrhlh, ami Niiitli 
 C'onjrn'sses; Tnember of tlie Stale wnale IslOand 
 1814; died at Mendon. Mass.. in 1831. 
 
 Hastings, William Soden (son of Setli Mast- 
 inv'sl, was Imin at Miiidnii, .Mass.; received a lili- 
 eial ediuatiiin; elected a Heiiresentative from 
 Mas.«a('liusett.s to tlie Twenty-lifth, Twenty-sixth, 
 and Twenty-seventh (.'untires.-es, serving; fnini 
 Se]>teud)er 4, 1837, to .lune 17, 1S4L', wluMi he 
 dieil, at Ked Sulphur Spriii>;s, Va. 
 
 Hatch, Herschel Harrison, of Hay t'ity, Mieh., 
 was Ixirn at ^Inrrisv ille, Madison County, N. Y., 
 February 17, 1837; received a connnon school ed- 
 ucation; studied law at the Hamilton Collefie Law 
 School, New York; attorney and coimsclor at law; 
 electeil alderman of Bay City at its tirst orpuiiza- 
 tion in 1S().">; elected jiid^re of probate of Buy 
 County in bSliSfor a term of four years; appointed 
 member of the constitutional commission of .Micb- 
 ijian in 1873; api>ointed niendier of the tax com- 
 mission of Michican in 1881; elected to the Korty- 
 eif-'htb Con<..'ress as a Republican. 
 
 Hatch, Israel T., was born at Owa.sco, N. Y., 
 in 1808; receiveil a limited education; ^t'liin mer- 
 chant; .served in the State liou.se of representa- 
 tives; elected a Representative from Now York to 
 tlie Thirty-tifth Congress as a Democrat; defeated 
 for reelection to the Thirtv-sixth Con<;ress; post- 
 ma.sterat IJuffalo l,s.-,(VlS6r; died at Buffalo, N. Y., 
 September 24. lS7o. 
 
 Hatch, Jethro A., of Kenthind. hid., was born 
 June 18, 1837, in Chenango County, N. Y.; settled 
 in Su);ar(irove, KaneCoimty, 111.; received acom- 
 nion school education, and afterwards attendetl 
 Batavia (III.) Instituti'; graduated from Rush 
 Medical College in February, l.siill; commenced 
 the practice of his profession in Kentland, Itid., 
 .Tuly, 18(!0; commissioned a.ssistant surgeon of the 
 Thirty-sixth Illinois Volunteer Infantry December 
 11, 18(>2, and afterwards jiromoted to surgeon of 
 the same regiment; mustered out of servi<'e with 
 regiment February 8, 18t)."), ami returned to his 
 home in Kentland; member of the Indiana house 
 of representatives in 1872 and 1S73; Ke|iiiblican 
 candidate for State senator in 1874, but defeated; 
 alternate delegate to the national Republican con- 
 vention in 1888; eli'<ted to the Fifty-fourth Con- 
 gres.s as a Republican; after leaving Congress 
 returned to Kentland, Ind., where he resumed 
 the |iractice of medicine. 
 
 Hatch, William Henry, was born in Siott 
 County, Ky., September 11, 18:53; ediu'ated at 
 Lexington, Ky.; admitted to the bar in Septem- 
 l>er, 1,S54, and eonnnenced jiractieing; electt'd cir- 
 cuit attorney of the sixteenth judicial circuit of 
 Mis.souri in October, I8.'i8, and rei'lecteil to the 
 same position in November, 18110; served in the 
 Confederate army; commi.ssioned captain and as- 
 .sistant ailjutant-general December. 1802, and in 
 March, 1803, assigned to duty as a.ssistant commis- 
 Fioner of exchange under the cartel, and continueil 
 in this position until the cli>se of the war; electeil 
 to the Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, 
 Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty-lirst, Fifty-seeoniL 
 and Fiftv-third Congre.sseH a.s a Democrat; dieil 
 DecemlK-r 23, IftSMi. 
 
 Hatcher, Robert A., wa.a born in Bucking- 
 ham County. \a., February 24, 1810; educated at 
 Lynchburg, Va. ; studied law, and admitted to the 
 bar in Kentucky; commi'iiced practice at New 
 Madrid, Mo., in 1847: for several years circuit 
 
 attorney of the tenth judicial court of Miss.mri; 
 a State legislator in 18."i0and bH-M; memlMT ol the 
 Slate convention in 1802; member of the Confed- 
 erate Congress 1804-f>.">; elected a Repre.<entalive 
 from Missouri to the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, and 
 Forty-lift h Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Hathaway, Samuel G., was born at Freetown, 
 Ma.-^s., .Inly 18, 17.80; allended the jmblic schools; 
 went to sea; moved to .Solon, N. Y., in 180S; mem- 
 ber of the State a.-si'mbly in 1814 and 1818; a State 
 senatorin 1823; electeil a Representative from New 
 York to the Twentv-third Congress as a Democrat; 
 declineil a reelection; dieil at Solon, N. Y.. Mav 
 2, 1807. 
 
 Hathorn, Henry H., was born at lireenlield, 
 N. v., November 28. 1813; received an academic 
 
 education; merchant at Saratoga Sjirings 18.30-1840 
 and then hotel proprietor and owner at Hathorn 
 Spring; supervisor for Saratoga Springs; sheriff of 
 Saratoga County in 18."i3 and I.S02-1.HO7; elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Forty-third 
 and Forty-fourth Congresses as a Reiiublican. 
 
 Hathorn, John, of Warwick, Orange C<punty, 
 N. Y., was elected a Represeiilative from New York 
 to the First and I'oiirtii (dngres.ses as a Federalist 
 and defeated for election to the .Second. Third, and 
 Fifth Congresses; State .senator in 1,804; defeated 
 for rresideiitial elector in 1804. 
 
 Hatton, Robert, was born in .Sumner County, 
 Tenn.. in 1827; pursuing cla.ssical studies. graduateil 
 from Harvard College, Cambridge, Ma.s.«. ; studied 
 law and admitted to the bar; commenced practice 
 at Lebanon, Tenn.; Stale representative in 18.i6; 
 elected a Ri'iiresentative from Temiessee to the 
 Thirty-sixth Congress as a National American; 
 became a brigadier-general in the Confederate 
 armv. -Mav 23, 1.802, and killed in action at 
 Kdwaril's Farm, ,Iune 1, 1862. 
 
 Haugen, Gilbert N., of Xorthwood, Worth 
 County, Iowa, was born .Xjiril 21, IS.W. in Rock 
 County, Wis.; at the aire of 14 and prior to his 
 election to Congress actively engaged in various 
 enterprises, iirimipally real estate and banking; 
 treasurer of Worth County, Iowa, for six years; 
 elected to the Iowa legislature, serving in the 
 twenty-liflh and twenty-sixth general as,semblie8; 
 elected to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty- 
 eighth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Haugen, N. P., of Hiver Falls, Wis., was born 
 in Norway, March 0, 1840; graduated fr^ini the law 
 department of the Slichig-.ui Stale I'niversity in 
 cla.ss of 1874; located in Wisconsin in 18.i4; meni- 
 berof the a.ssembly in 1870and 1880; Stale railroad 
 commissioner 18S2-1887; elected to the Fiftieth, 
 Fifty-tii-st, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses 
 as a Republican. 
 
 Haughey, Thomas, wa« born at (ila.sgow, i*eot- 
 land, ill 18211; located in .\labama in 1840; pursued 
 classical studies; studied medicine, graduatingfrom 
 the New Orleans Medical College in 18.i8; surgeon 
 in r. S. .\riny 1.8I)2-I8(>."); delegate to the .Malnima 
 constitutional convention of 1807; electiil a Rep- 
 resentative from .Mabama to the Fortieth Congress, 
 taking his seat .luly 21, 1808. 
 
 Haun.Henry P., was born in Scott County. Ky.. 
 .lanuary 18, 18l.i; received an academic education; 
 studied law at Lexington; admitted to the bar in 
 18:50; elected county attorney; moved to Iowa in 
 1S4.T and thence to' Yuba ('oiinty, Cal.. in 1840; 
 county judi;e in 1.8.M; defeated as the Democratic 
 candidate for governor; appointiil I'liiled .states 
 .Senator from California as a DeniiH-rat (vice David 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 585 
 
 C. Bi'oderick, deceased), serving from December 
 5, 1857, to March 5, 1860; died at Mavsville, Cal., 
 May 6, 1860. 
 
 Haven, Nathaniel A., was born in New 
 Hampshire in 1762; received a classical education; 
 graduated from Harvard College in 1779; elected 
 a Representative from New Hampshire to the 
 Eleventh Congress as a Federalist; died March 7, 
 1831. 
 
 Haven, Solomon G., was born in Chenango 
 County, N. Y., November 27, 1810; studied and 
 practiced law; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Thirty-second, Thirty-third, and 
 Thirty-fourth Congresses as a Whig;' died at Buf- 
 falo, N. Y., December 24, 1861. 
 
 Havens, Harrison E., was born in Franklin 
 County, Ohio, Dei-cmber 15, 1837; attended the 
 common .schools; studied and practiced law in 
 Illinois; moved to Iowa and thence to Spring- 
 field, Mo., in 1867, becouiing editor of the Spring- 
 field Patriot; elected a Representative from Mis- 
 souri as a Regular Republican in the Forty-second 
 Congress; reelected to the Forty-third Congress. 
 
 Havens, Jonathan Nicoll, was a native of 
 Staten Island, New York; received a classical edu- 
 cation; graduated from Yale College in 1777; State 
 representative 1786-1795; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Fourth and Fifth Con- 
 gresses; died on Staten Island, New York, Julv 7, 
 1799. 
 
 Hawes, Albert G., was a native of Kentucky; 
 resided at Ilawesville; elected a Representative 
 from Kentucky to the Twenty-second Congress as 
 a Jackson Democrat; reelected to the Twenty-third 
 and Twentv-fourth Congresses; died at Hawes- 
 ville, Ky., April 14, 1849. 
 
 Hawes, Aylett, was a native of Cnlpeper 
 County, Va. ; received a classical education; stud- 
 ied medicine; elected a Representative from \'ir- 
 ginia to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth 
 Congresses as a Democrat; resumed the practice of 
 medicine; died in Culpeper County, Va., August 
 31, 1833. 
 
 Hawes, Richard, was born in Caroline County, 
 Va. , February (i, 1797; moved to Kentucky in 
 1810; pursued classical studies at Transylvania 
 University; admitted to the bar, commencing 
 practice at A\'inchester; State representative for 
 several years; elected a Representative from Ken- 
 tucky to the Twenty-tifth and Twenty-sixth Con- 
 gresses as a Whig; became a Democrat and advo- 
 cated the Southern cause; left Kentucky for the 
 South in 1861, but on (»ctol)er 4, 1S62, was in- 
 stalled provisional governorof the State, but retired 
 immediately on the advance of the Union Army; 
 returned to Paris, Ky., being elected county judge 
 in 1866, servinguntil his death in Bourbon County, 
 Ky., May 25, 1877. 
 
 Hawk, Robert M. A., was born in Hancock 
 County, Ind., April 2:;, 1839, educated in the com- 
 mon and select schools of Carroll County, 111., and 
 at Eureka College, Illinois; entered the Union 
 Army as first lieutenant, Septeniljer 4, 1862; pro- 
 moted to captain February, 1S6:>; brevetteil major 
 for soldierly conduct, the commission bearing date 
 of April 10, 1865; clerk of tlie county court of Car- 
 roll County, 111., from December 13', 1865, to Feb- 
 ruary 27, 1879, having been elected four times in 
 succession to that office; elected a Representative 
 to the Forty-sixth Congress as ? Republican; re- 
 elected to the Forty-seventh Congi-ess; died June 
 29, 1882. 
 
 Hawkes James, was a native of Worcester, 
 Mass.; moved to New Y'ork and located at Rich- 
 field; held several local offices; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New Y'ork to the Seventeenth Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Hawkins, Benjamin, was born in Warren 
 County, N. C, Augu.st 15, 1754; student in the 
 senior class at Princeton College when the Revolu- 
 tionary war began; acquired a knowledge of 
 French; left the school ami was appointed on the 
 staff of George Washington and acted as his inter- 
 preter; Delegate to the Continental Congress 
 1781-1784 and 1786-87; appointed by Congress to 
 negotiate treaties w ith the Creek and Cherokee 
 Indians in 1785; elected a United States Senator 
 from North Carolina, serving from January 13, 
 1790, until March 3, 1795; appointed Indian agent 
 for all the tribes south of the Ohio River by Presi- 
 dent Washington in 1796, and held the office until 
 he died, at Hawkinsville, Ga., June 6, 1816. 
 
 Hawkins, George S., was a native of New 
 York; mo\ed to Florida and located at Pensacola 
 where he held several local offices; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Florida to the Thirty-fifth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; reelected to the Thirty-sixth 
 Congress. 
 
 Hawkins, Isaac R., was born in Maury 
 County, Tenn., May 16, 1818; received a liberal 
 education; studied law and admitted to the bar; 
 served in the Mexican war; delegate from Tennes- 
 see to the peace conference in 1861; entered the 
 Union Army as lieutenant-colonel in 1862; ap- 
 pointed chancellor of the sixth division in 1865, 
 but declined; delegate to the Chicago convention 
 in 1868; elected a Representative from Tennessee 
 to the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican; re- 
 elected to the F(3rtieth and Forty-first Congresses. 
 
 Hawkins, Joseph, was a native of the State of 
 New York; received a liberal education; studied 
 law, and admitted to the bar; began the practice 
 of his profession at Hender.TOu; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New York to the Twenty-first Con- 
 gress as an Adams Democrat; died at Henderson, 
 N. Y., May 9, 1832. 
 
 Hawkins, Joseph H., resided in Lexington, 
 Ky. ; received an academic education; studied law, 
 and admitted to the bar; member of the State 
 house of representatives, 1810-1813, and served 
 two years as speaker; elected a Rejiresentative 
 from Kentucky to the Thirteenth Congress, in 
 place of Henry Clay, resigned. 
 
 Hawkins, Micajah Thomas, was born in AVar- 
 ren County, N. C., in 1790; attended the University 
 of North Carolina; served several years in both 
 branches of the legislature; elected a Representa- 
 tive from North Carolina to the Twenty-second, 
 Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, and 
 Twenty-sixth Congresses as a Democrat; died in 
 Warren County, December 22, 1858. 
 
 Hawley, John B. , was born in Fairfield County, 
 Conn., February 9, 1831; moved to Illinois with 
 his parents when quite young; studied law, and in 
 18.54 admitted to the bar; elected State attorney 
 for four years; served one year in the Union Army; 
 apiiointed postm.Tster at Rock Island in 1865, and 
 removed the year following by President Johnson; 
 elected a Representative from Illinois to the 
 Forty-first Congress as a Repulilican; reelected to 
 the Forty-second and Fortj'-third Congresses; 
 appointed Assistant Secretary of the Treasury 
 December 6, 1877; died in 1895. 
 
58<5 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL Dl KKCTOKY. 
 
 Hawley, Joseph Roswell, <if llailldrd, Conn., 
 was born at StcwarL-^villo, Hicliinonil County, 
 N. C.,(VtolHT ;n, IS-.'ti; irniilnatiil li.ini Hamilton 
 Colle};t', New York, in 1S47; ailniilU'il to tlioliar in 
 1850 at Ilartforil, i'onn.; i)ra(ti(c(l law six and 
 a half years; linarnt' cilitor of llic llartfonl Kvrn- | 
 inp I'ross in iM'liniary, IS")?, which, in 18ti7, was 
 coiisoliilatcd with the llartfonl Coiirant, of which 
 he iH'canic editor; cidislcd in Ihc I'nion Army 
 as a captain April IS, ISdl; liecanic hrijiadicr and 
 brevet major-general; mnsterecl out .lanuary I'), 
 IStiti; elected f;overnor of Connecticut in April, 
 IKtSti; delegate to the KreeSoil national convention 
 of 1S.">2; I'residential elector in IWiS; i)resident of i 
 the Hepnlilican niitional convention of IWiH, and ' 
 delegate to the Hepuhlican national conventions 
 of 1872, 187li, and ISW); president of the I'nited 
 States Centennial Commission from its organiza- 
 tion, in >hirch, ]S7.'!, to tliec<iiiipletion of the work 
 of the Centennial Kxposilion; trustee of Hamilton 
 College; received the degree of doitor of laws 
 from Hamilton College, Yale I'niversity, and Trin- 
 ity College; elected in Novend)er, 1S72, a Repre- 
 sentative to the Forty-second Congress to fill a 
 vacancy eause<l by the death of, I. L. Strong; re- 
 elected to the Forty-thinl and Forty-sixth Con- 
 gresses; elected to the I'nited Stales Senate as a 
 Republican to succeed William W. F,aton, Oemo- 
 erat; took his seat March 4, 1881; reeleet«'d in 
 1887, 18<)3, and 1899. 
 
 Hawley, R. B., of (ialveston, Tex., was born 
 at Memphis, Tenn., in 18.")0; brought uj) and edu- 
 cated in that city; became a citi/en of Texas in 
 1875; merchant, imi>ortcr, and manufacturer in 
 the city of (ialveston continuously for twenty 
 years; always maintuine<l an active interest in ]iol- ' 
 ities; three times elected presiilent of the (ialves- 
 ton board of education; i)resided several times 
 over State conventions, and attended as a delegate 
 national conventions, but never offered for any 
 politi<'al ollice until the campaign of 1891), when 
 ne was unanimously nominated and elected by Ids 
 party as a Representative from Texius to the Fifty- 
 fifth Congre.s-i as a Republican; reelected to the 
 Fifty-sixth Congress. 
 
 Haws, J. H. Hobart, was born in New Y'ork 
 City; elected a Representative from New Y'ork to 
 the Tbirty-.second Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Hay, Andrew K., was a native of Massachu- 
 setts; received a liberal education; moved to New 
 Jersey, and located at Winslow; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New Jersey to the Thirty-first 
 C( )ngress. 
 
 Hay, James, of Madison, Va., was born at 
 ;\Iilh\ood, Clarke County, \'a.. January 9, ls.')(i; 
 eilurali-d in private .mIiooIs in Maryland and \'ir- 
 ginia, at the I'niversity of Pennsylvania, and 
 Washington and I.ee I'niversity, Virginia, from 
 which latter institution he grailnated in law in 
 June. 1877; moved to Harrisonburg, Va., in 1877, 
 where he jiracticed law and taught school until 
 June, 1879, when he moved to Ma<lison, Va., ami 
 devoted himself exclusively to his profession; 
 elected attornev for the Commonwealth in 188:i. 
 and reelecteil to that otlirein 1.><S7, 1891, and 1895; 
 elected to the house of delegates of Virginia in 
 1885, and reelected in 1887 and 1889; electjMl to 
 the Virginia Slate senate in I8ti;<; nuMuber of the 
 State Demoiratii' comndttee for four years, and 
 niend«r of the Democratic national conveiilion of 
 1888; elected to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and 
 Fifty-.ueventh Congn>s.«es as a Hemocrat. and 
 reelected to the Fifty-eighth Congress; elected 
 chairman of the Democratic cavicus of the House 
 
 of Representatives in the Fifty-sixth and Fifty- 
 seventh Congres.>«-s. 
 
 Hay, JohnB., was bom at Belleville, III., .Janu- 
 ary 8, 1834; received a limited education; learne<l 
 the art of printing; studied law and adnjitled to 
 the bar; State attorney for the twenty-fourth 
 juilicial <listrict of Illinois for eight years; serve«l 
 in the I'nion .\rmy <luring the civil war; elected 
 a Representative from Illinois to the Forty-first 
 and Forty-second Congresses. 
 
 Hayden, Edward Daniel, of Woburn, Mass., 
 was born at Candiridge, Mass., Deeendier 27, \H'.i3; 
 educate<l at Lawreniv Academy, (iroton, Slass., 
 and at Harvard College, where he grailuated in 
 1854; studied law, admitted to the bar, and prac- 
 ticed until 18ti2, when he entered the I'. S. Navy 
 as a.-<sislant paymaster; member of the State house 
 of rejiresentalives of Ma.-^sachnsetts in 18S0, 1881, 
 and 1882; elected to the Forty-ninth Congre.«s as 
 a Rei)nblican; re<-lected to the Fiftieth Congress; 
 after the expiration of his term in Congress he 
 became interestetl in banking and railroading. 
 
 Hayden, Moses, was born in Hampshire 
 County, Mass.; received a liberal education; grad- 
 uated from Williams College in 1804; studieil law 
 and admitted to the bar; began practicing at York, 
 Livingston County; was first judge of the court of 
 common pleas of Livingst<in County 1821-182.'?; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Kighteenth Congress and reelected to the Nine- 
 teenth (_'ongres8. 
 
 Hayea, Philip C, of Morris. 111., was l>orn at 
 (iranby. Conn., February ',i, lH'^'^, and moved 
 with his father's family to Lasalle County, III., 
 during the summer of the same year; spent the 
 first twenty years of his life on a farm; received a 
 collegiate eilucation, graduating from Oberlin Col- 
 lege, Ohio, IStitt; served in the I'nion Army, en- 
 listing as a private in April, I.S61, and mustered 
 out of the service June 22, 18t)5, having Ixien com- 
 missioned, successively, cajitain, lieutenant-colonel, 
 and colonel, and brevetteil brigadier-general "for 
 gallant ami meritorious coniluct" on the field; a 
 deli'gate to the national Republican convention 
 which met at I'hiladelphia in 1872; elected to the 
 F'orty-liftb Congress as a Republican, and reelected 
 to the Forty-sixth Congress. 
 
 Hayes, Rutherford B. , was liorn at Delaware, 
 Ohio, October 4, 1822; graduated at Kenyon Col- 
 lege, Ohio; attended the Candiridge I^w School 
 and admitted to tlie bar; began practicing at Cin- 
 cinnati; entered the I'nion .\rmy in 18(>2 as major 
 of the Twentv-tliird Ohio Volunteers, anil when 
 imistereil out had attained the rank of brigadier- 
 general ; elected a Repre.'^entative from ( )hio to the 
 Thirty-ninth Congress as a Reimblican and re- 
 elected to the Fortieth Congre.s-:; resigned Decem- 
 ber, lS»i7, having lieeii elected governor of Ohio; 
 reelected in isiiil, and agiiin in 187ti; elected IV-.si- 
 deiit of the I'nited Stales in 1876 and inaugurateil 
 March 4, 1877; died Januarv 17, 1893, at Fremont, 
 Ohio. 
 
 Hayes, 'Walter I., of Clinton, Iowa, was born 
 at Mai-sliall. Mich., Decemlwr 9, 1841; received a 
 connnon school education; graduatetl from the 
 law department, Michigan I'ldversity, in I8(>3; 
 lawyer by profe.«ision; city attorney of Marshall, 
 Midi.; was I'nited Stales commissioner for the 
 eastern district of Michis;an, ami also of Iowa; 
 city solicitor of Clinton. Iowa; district judge of 
 the seventh judicial district of Iowa from .\iigust, 
 1875, till .lanuary 1, 18,s7; elected to the Fiftieth 
 Congress as a i>emocnit; reele<.-ted to the Fifty- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 587 
 
 first. Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses; 
 after leaving Congress he resumed the practice of 
 law. 
 
 Haymond, Thomas S., was a native of Vir- 
 ginia; fleeted a Representative from that State to 
 the Thirty-first Congress, vice Alexander Nevv- 
 nian, deceased. 
 
 Haymond, William S. , was born near Clarks- 
 burg, AV. Va. ; received a scientific education; civil 
 engineer; graduated from two medical colleges; 
 began the practice of medicine in 1851 at Mon- 
 ticello, Ind.; entered the Union Army as surgeon 
 in 1862 and served one year; defeated for the State 
 senate in 1866; elected president of the Indianap- 
 oli.«, Delphi and Chicago Railroad in 1872, 187S, 
 and 1874; elected a Representative from Indiana 
 to the Forty-fourth Congress as a candidate of the 
 Democrats and Liberals; defeated for reelection as 
 the Democratic candidate. 
 
 Hayne, Arthur P. (brother of Robert Y. 
 Hayne), was burn at Charleston, S. ('., Marcli 
 12, 1790; received a liberal education ; a merchant ; 
 served in the war of 1812; studied law and admitted 
 to the bar; served in the Florida war; served in 
 the State house of representatives of South Caro- 
 lina; Presidential elector on the Jackson and Cal- 
 houn ticket in 1828; United States naval agent in 
 the Mediterranean for five years; declined the 
 Belgian mission ; appointed a Ignited States Senator 
 from South Carolina (vice J. .7. Evans, deceased), 
 serving from May 20, 1858, to January 5, 1859; 
 died at Charleston, S. C, January 7, 1867. 
 
 Hayne, Robert Y. (brother of Arthur P. 
 Hayne), was born near C'harleston, S. C, Novem- 
 ber 10, 1791; received a lilieral education; studied 
 law and admitted to the bar; l)egan practice at 
 Charleston, S. C. ; member of the State legislature 
 1814-1818, serving one year as speaker; attorney- 
 general 1818-1822; elected a United States Sena- 
 tor from South Carolina as a State Rights Demo- 
 crat, serving from December 1, 1823, to December, 
 1832, when he resigned to become governoi-; served 
 as governor 1832-1834; mayor of Charleston 
 1835-36; presidentof the Cincinnati and Charleston 
 Railroad 1836-18.39; died at Asheville, N. C, 
 September 24, 18.39. 
 
 Hayn.es, Charles E., was a native of Bruns- 
 wick, Va. ; moved to Sparta, Ga. ; received a liberal 
 education; elected a Representative from Georgia 
 totheNineteenthC'ongress asaDemocrat; reelected 
 to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Congresses; de- 
 feated for reelection to the Twenty-second and 
 Twenty-third Congresses; elected to the Twenty- 
 fourth Cnugress as a Union man; reelected to the 
 Twenty-fifth Congress. 
 
 Haynes, Martin A., of Lake Village, N. H., 
 was born at Springfield, N. H., July 30, 1842; 
 moved to Manchester, N. H., at the age of 4, 
 where he received a common school education and 
 learned the printer's trade; in June, 1861, he en- 
 listed as a private in the Second New Hampshire 
 Regiment, in which he served as a jjrivate three 
 years, receiving wounds at the first Bull Run, 
 Glendale, and second Bull Run battles; in 1868 
 he moved to Lake Village, where he estal)lished 
 the Lake Village Times; memberof theNew Hamp- 
 shire liouse of reiirescntatives in 1872 and 1873; 
 clerk of the supreme court for Belkua]i County 
 from 1876 to 1883; president of the New Hamp- 
 shire Veteran Association 1881 and 1882; depart- 
 ment commander Grand Army of the Repuljlic 
 1881 and 1882; elected to the Forty-eightli C.ju- 
 gress as a Republican; reelected to the Forty-ninth 
 
 Congress; appointed special agent of the Treasury 
 Department under President Harrison. 
 
 Haynes, William E., of Fremont, Uliio, was 
 born at Hoosii'k Falls, N. Y., October 19, 1829; 
 moved to (_)hio in 1839; received a common school 
 education; a printer in early life, but engaged in 
 mercantile pursuits from 1850 until 1856, when he 
 was elected auditor of Sandusky County, Ohio, 
 and served two terms; enlisted, April 16, 1861, in 
 the F^ighth Regiment Ohio Infantry; commis- 
 sioned captain, and served with that regiment in 
 western Virginia, the Shenandoah Valley, and the 
 Armyof the Potomac, until November, l'862,.when 
 he was commissioned, lieutenant-colonel of the 
 Tenth Ohio Cavalry, and served witli it in the 
 Army of the Cumlierland until 1864; appointed 
 collector of internal revenue for the ninth district 
 of Ohio in 1866, which position he lielii until 
 March 4, 1867; after that time was principally 
 engaged in farming and banking; a memberof the 
 board of trustees of the Toledo Insane Asylum 
 from 1884 mitil 1888; a delegate to the national 
 Democratic conventions held in Cincinnati, Ohio, 
 in 1880, and in Chicago, III., in 1884; elected to 
 the Fifty-first Congress as a Democrat; reelected 
 to the Fifty-second Congress. 
 
 I Hays, Charles, was born in Greene County, 
 
 Ala., February 2, 18.34; received a liberal educa- 
 
 I tion; dev<ited himself to agricultural pursuits; in 
 
 I 1867 elected to the constitutional convention of 
 
 1 Alabama; in 1868 elected to the State senate; 
 
 elected as a Representative from Alabama to the 
 
 Forty-first Congress as a Republican; reelected to 
 
 the Forty-second, Forty-third, and Forty-fourth 
 
 Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Hays, Edward B., of Knoxville, Iowa, was 
 born in Wood County, Ohio, May 26, 1847; edu- 
 cated at Heidelburgh College, Ohio; studied law, 
 and admitted to the bar in 1869; moved to Knox- 
 ville, Iowa, in May, 1871, where he practiced law; 
 elected to the Fifty-first Congress to fill the unex- 
 pired term of E. H. Conger, resigned; died at 
 Knoxville, Iowa, February 28, 1896. 
 
 Hays, Samuel, was a native of Virginia; moved 
 to Pennsylvania; elected a Representative from 
 that State to tlie Twenty-eighth Congress as a 
 I )emocrat. 
 
 Hays, Samuel L., was a native of Pennsylva- 
 nia; uKPved to Stuarts Creek, Va.; elected a 
 Representative from that State to the Twenty- 
 seventh t'ongress as a Democrat. 
 
 Hayward, Monroe L., was born in Wellsville, 
 N. Y., Deceudjer 22, 1840; served in the war of the 
 rebellion in the Twenty-second New York Infantry 
 and Fifth New York Cavalry; graduated from Fort 
 Edward Collegiate Institute, New York; studied 
 law at Whitewater, Wis.; moved to Nebraska in 
 1867; member of the constitutional convention of 
 1873; elected to the United States Senate, to suc- 
 ceed William Vincent Allen, March 8, 1899; died 
 before taking his seat, at Nebraska City, Nebr., 
 December 5, 1899. 
 
 Haywood, William Henry, was born in Wake 
 
 County, N. C, in 1801; graduated from the Uni- 
 versity of North Carolina in 1819; studied law and 
 admitted to the bar; member of the house of 
 commons of North Carolmain 1831 and 1834-1836, 
 serving the last year as speaker; elected a United 
 States Senator in 1842 as a Democrat, serving from 
 December 4, 1843, until July 25, 1846, when he 
 resigned; died at Raleigh, N". C, October 6, 1852. 
 
588 
 
 CON(JRKSSI0NAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 Hazard, Jonathan J., was iHirn in Klxide 
 lelaiid in 1T1'»<; floiti'd a I •cK'pitc frmn that Stati- 
 to the Ciiiilinental Coii^.toss in 17S7 anil 17t<8; diinl 
 in New York in isr.'. 
 
 Hazard, Nathaniel, wan bdrn at Newport, 
 R. 1., in 1773; tinnhiateii Irdin Bmwn rnivcrxity in 
 1792; electtnl a Kepri'soMtalive I'rnni Hhode Island 
 til the Sixteenth Congress as a Democrat; died at 
 W lu^hinutou, D. C, Deeemlier 17, 18l'0. 
 
 Hazeltine, Abner, was a native of the State of 
 New York; resided at .lainestown: served twn 
 terms in the State legislature; elected a Hepre- 
 senhitive from New York to the Twenty-thinl 
 Congress as a \Vhi>r; reelected to the Twenty- 
 fourth Congress. 
 
 Hazeltine, Ira S., of SprinpfieM, Mo., was 
 born in Andover, Wnidsur County, Vt., ,Inly 18, 
 1821; received a common .school an<l ai-ademic 
 educiition; taught school three years in Wiscon- 
 sLn; studied law; received a commission as colonel 
 in 1852 from tiovernor Karwell, of Wisconsin; 
 electeti to the State lepiislature in lSti7; located 
 upon a farm near Sprin;.'tield, in tireene County, 
 Mo., ill 1S70, as ai\a<;riculturist anil lar^e fruit and 
 wool grower; memher of the executive conunittee 
 of the State Gmnge two years; elected to the 
 Forty-seventh Congress', died .lanuary l;i. 1899, on 
 his farm in Cireene County, Mo. 
 
 Hazelton, George C, of Hosi'obel, Wis., was 
 horn in Chester. Kockingham County, N. H., 
 January :i. l.">:i:!; graduated from I'nion College, 
 Sihneclaily. N. Y., in IS.iS; studied law: admitted 
 to the bar in the State of New York; settled 
 at Boscobel, Wis., in l.StlS, where he practiced his 
 profession; elected district attorney of (irant 
 County in 1SH4 and reelected in 1. *<»)(>; elected State 
 senator in 18t>7, and chosen president pro tempore 
 of the senate, and reelected to the senate in 
 1869; elected to the Forty-tilth Congress: reelected 
 to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses 
 as a Republican; located at AVashington, D. C, 
 and practiced law. 
 
 Hazelton, Gerry W. , was bom at Chester, 
 N. II., February 24, 1829; received an academic 
 education; studied law: moved to Wisconsin in 
 1856; electeil to the State .senate in 1S60. and 
 chosen president j.ro tempore twice; elected dis- 
 trict attorney lor Columbia County in 1S64; ap- 
 pointed collector of internal revenue for tlie.sccond 
 district in l.st)6and removed by President .lohnson 
 the ."ame year; ap])ointed I'nited States attorney 
 for the district of Wisconsin in 1869, which posi- 
 tion he held until elected a Representative from 
 Wisconsin to the Forty-second Congress as a Re- 
 publican: reelected to the Forty-third Congre.-^s. 
 
 Hazelton, John W. , was Ixjrn at Mullica Hill, 
 N. J.; received a common scliool education: a 
 farmer; delegate to the national Republican con- 
 vention at Chi'-ago in ISiW; Presidential elector in 
 l.'itiS on tl'.e (inint and Colfax ticket; electe<i a 
 Rei>re.-entative from New .lersey to the Forty-second 
 Congress as a Republican; reelected to the Forty- 
 third Congress. 
 
 Head, John W. , wits electi>d a Repre.sentative 
 from Tenncs.sic to the Forty-fourth Congress as a 
 Democrat, but died iK'fore taking his seat; his suc- 
 ees.sor also died In-fore taking his seat. 
 
 Healy, Joseph, Wius Imrn in Cheshire, N. II., 
 in 1776; received a lilnTal iilncation: meml>er of 
 the .State senate in 1S24: electeil a Representative 
 from New Hampsliire to the Nineteenth Congress 
 as a Demix^rat; reeU>ote<I to the Twentieth Con- 
 
 press; niemlierof the State executive council 1829- 
 1S32: died at Wa-hington, N. H.,OctolK?r 10, 1.%1. 
 
 Heard, JohnT., of Seilalia, Mo., was Imrn at 
 tieorgetown, Pettis County, Mo.; eduiated in the 
 coiiimoii schools of Pettis County and at the State 
 Cniversity at Columbia, graduating in l.StM); read 
 law; |>raitiied several years at the Sedalia bar; 
 elected without opposition to the .'^tate senate in 
 18(>1 and served four years; eleited to the Stale U-g- 
 islature of Missouri in 1872; emploved in issi by 
 the fund commi.ssioners of the State to prosecute 
 and adjust all claims of the State against the (ieii- 
 eral (Tovernment, and resigneil that position on 
 I being elected to the Forty-ninth Congress as a 
 , Democrat; reelected to the Fiftieth, Fifty-first, 
 Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congres.ses. 
 
 Hearst, George, was born in Franklin County, 
 Mo., September S. 1,S20, one year after his father, 
 a .^onth Carolinian, had emigrated there; receiveil 
 a public school education; pa.-^.-'ed his early man- 
 hood on his father's fariii; in IS.")!) went ioCali- 
 fornia. where he worked in the mines: engaged in 
 mining, stock raising, and farming: elected to the 
 California ."^tate legislature in lsii5: candidate for 
 governor before the .'^an .bise convention in 1882; 
 the Democrats, who were in the minority in the 
 State legislature in l.'<85, gave him their unanimous 
 vote for Fniled States Senator; apiiointe<l Cnited 
 States .Senator March 2.S, l.Ksii, as a Democrat, by 
 (lovernor Stoneman, to till the vacancy caused by 
 the death of ,Iohn F. Miller: took his .seat .Vpril 
 9, l.H.st;: elected to the Cnited Slates Senate as a 
 Democrat, and took his seat .March 4. 1SS7; died 
 at Washington. D. C, February 2S, 1891. 
 
 Heath, James P. , was Ixirn in Delaware De- 
 cember 21, 1777; received a lilieral education; 
 served in the Regular .\rmy as lieutenant of en- 
 gineers 1799-1.'>()2: register in chancery at An- 
 napolis; servetl throughout the war ot 1.H12 as 
 aid-de-camp to General Winder; elected a Rej)re- 
 sentative from Maryland to the Twenty-third Con- 
 gress; defeated as the Democratic candidate for 
 reelection: died at tieorgetown, D. ('., .luiie 12, 
 1.';.54. 
 
 Heath, John, was lH<rn in Virginia: ri-ceiveil 
 a liberal education; electiil a Representative from 
 Virginia to the Thinl Congress, and reelected! to 
 the Fourth Congress. 
 
 Heaton, David, was born at Hamilton, Ohio, 
 March Id, 1S2:!; received a lilieral eilucation; 
 studied law and adndtted to the bar: elected to 
 the State .senate I'f Ohio in 1.><.55: moved to ,'»t. 
 .\nthonys Falls. Minn., in 1857: a memlier of the 
 State senate of Minnesota 1,'<.5,8-1,S6;!; ajipointeil 
 special agent of tlie Treasury De|>artment and 
 I'niteil States de|>ository at S"ewl>ern, N. C, in 
 18tW; appointor Thinl .\uditor of the Trea-sury 
 in 1864, but declined; memlH»r of the constitu- 
 tional con vent ion of North Carolina in \St\7: eUH'te<l 
 a Representative from North Carolina to the For- 
 tieth Congress as a Re|niblican, and reileiteil to 
 the Forty-tirst Congress; renominated for the 
 Forty-second Congress, but died June 25, 1870, at 
 Washington. D. C. 
 
 Heatwole, Joel Prescott.of Northtield. Minn., 
 was born in Waterl'onl, Flkhart County. Ind.. 
 .\ugust 22, 185ti: a |irinter by trade; elected to the 
 Fifty-fourth Congnss as a Republican: reelectetl 
 to tile Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh 
 Congre.«ses: n-fused to be a candidate for Fifty- 
 eighth Congress. 
 
 Hebard, William, was a native of Connecticut; 
 rei'eivei.1 an at-ademic etlucation; studied law and 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 589 
 
 admittei.1 to the liar; commenced practice at Chel- 
 sea, Vt.: judge of probate of Orange County for 
 seven • years; member of tlie legislature; judge 
 of the State supreme court 1S42-1!S45; elected a 
 Representative from Vermont to the Thirty-tirst 
 Congress as a Wliig; reelected to the Thirty-second 
 Congress. 
 
 Hedge, Thomas, of Burlington, was born in 
 the town of Burlington, Territory of Iowa, .Tune 24, 
 1844; prepared for college at i'hillips Academy, 
 Andover, Mass., graduating in 1861; graduated 
 from Yale College in 18(i7 and from Columbia 
 College Law School, New York, in 1869; served 
 as private in Comjiany E and as second lieutenant 
 in Company G, One hundred and sixth Xew York 
 Infantry, in 1864 and 186."i; engaged in the practice 
 of law at Burlington, Iowa, from 1869; elected to 
 the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh and reelected to 
 the Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Heflin, Robert S. , was liorn near IMadison, Ga. , 
 Aiiril ir-i. ISl.'i; received an academic education; 
 served in the Creek war in 1836; clerk of the supe- 
 rior court of Fayette County 1836-1840; studied 
 law, and in 1840 admitted to the bar; State sena- 
 tor 1840-41; went to Randolph County in 1844; 
 State repre.'^entative in 1849 and 1860; strong 
 T'nion man during the civil war; appointed and 
 elected judge of jirobate of Savannah; Presidential 
 elector in 1868 on the Republican ticket; elected a 
 Representative from Alabama to the Forty-first 
 Congress. 
 
 Heilman, William, was Ijorn at Albig, Rhein, 
 Germany, October 11, 1.S24; came to the Cnited 
 States in 1843, and resided at Evansville, Vander- 
 Vierg County, Ind.; elected to the city council for 
 six years; elected a representative to the general 
 assembly of the State in 1870; elected to the State 
 senate in 1876, and in the same year as a delegate 
 to the national Republican convention at Cincin- 
 nati; resigned his seat in the State senate March 3, 
 1879, having been elected to the Forty-sixtli Con- 
 gress as a Republican; reelected to the Forty- 
 seventh Congress; died at Evansville, Ind., Sep- 
 tember 22, 1890. 
 
 Heiner, Daniel Broadhead, was born at Kit- 
 tanning, Pa., December 30, 18.i4; graduated from 
 Allegheny College, ileadville. Pa., in the class of 
 1879; read law, and admitted to the bar of .Arm- 
 strong County. Pa., in 1882; elected district attor- 
 nej' in 188."i and reelected in 1888; chairman of the 
 Republican county executive committee from 1884 
 to 1888, and elected to the Fifty-third Congress 
 as a Republican; reelected to the Fifty-fourth 
 Congress. 
 
 Heister, Daniel, was born in Berks County, 
 Pa., ,lune 2.i, 1747; attended the public schools; 
 carried on business in Montgomery County; active 
 in pre-Revolutionary movements; colonel and 
 brigadier-general of militia, and saw service in 
 the Revolutionary war; member of the supreme 
 executive council of Pennsylvania 1784-1786; com- 
 missioner of the Connecticut land claims in 1787; 
 elected a Rejiresentative from Pennsylvania to the 
 First, Second, Third, and Fourth Congresses, serv- 
 ing until his resignation, .July 1, 1796; moved to 
 Hagerstown, Md. ; elected a Representative from 
 Maryland to the Seventh and Eighth Congresses, 
 serving until his death at Washington, D. C, 
 March 7, 1804. 
 
 Heister, Daniel, was a native of Berks County, 
 Pa. ; elected a Kepresentative from Pennsylvania 
 to the Eleventh Congress. 
 
 Heister, Isaac E., wa.s born in Lancaster 
 County, Pa., about 1820; pursued cla.«sical studies 
 and graduated from Yale College in 1842; studied 
 law; admitted to the bar and began practice at 
 Lancaster; elected attorney-general for the county 
 in 1848; elected a Representative from Pennsyl- 
 vania to the Thirty-third Congress as a Whig; 
 died at Lancaster, Pa., February 6, 1871. 
 
 Heister, John, was born at Bern, Pa., .\pril 9, 
 1746; electeil a Representative from that State to 
 the Tenth Congress; died October 1,5, 1821. 
 
 Heister, Joseph, was born in Berne Township, 
 Berks County, Pa., Novendier 18, 17.52; attended 
 the common schools; engaged in mercantile \mv- 
 suits; served in the Revolutionary Army as captain 
 and colonel; taken prisoner and confined on the 
 .Jersey pri.son ship; member of the constitutional 
 conventions in 1776 and 1790; for five yearsaState 
 representative and for tour years a State senator; 
 elected a Representative from J^ennsylvania to 
 the Fifth Congress (vice George Ege, resigned); 
 reelected to the Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, Four- 
 teenth, Fifteenth, and Sixteenth Congresses, re- 
 signing in 1820; major-general of Pennsylvania 
 militia in 1807; governor of Pennsvlvania 1820- 
 1823; died at Reading, Pa., June 10,' 1832. 
 
 Heister, William, was born in Berne Town- 
 ship, Berks County, Pa., in 1791; attended the 
 public schools; devoted himself to farmingin I^an- 
 caster County; elected a Representative from Penn- 
 sylvania to the Twenty-second, Twenty-third, and 
 Twenty-fourth Congresses as a Whig; delegate to 
 the State constitutional convention of 1837; died 
 in I^ancaster County, October 14, 1853. 
 
 Heitfeld, Henry, of Lewiston, Idaho, was born 
 at St. Louis, Mo.. .January 12, 18.59; received his 
 early education in the schools of that city; moved 
 to Seneca, Kans., at the age of 11, where h^ 
 continued to reside till the year 1882, in which year 
 he emigrated to the State of Washington; located 
 in Idaho in 1883, where he engaged in farming and 
 stock raising; elected State senator in 1894 and re- 
 elected in 1.S96; elected a Ignited States Senator, 
 as a Populist, Januarv 28, 1897; took his seat March 
 4, 1897, serving until March 3, 1903. 
 
 Helmick, William, was born in Jefferson 
 County, Ohio, September 6, 1817; attended the 
 public schools; studied law, ami admitted to the 
 bar in 1845; elected prosecuting attorney in 1851; 
 elected a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty- 
 sixth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Helms, William, was a native of New Jersey; 
 served in the Revolutionary war; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from that State to the Seventh, Eighth, 
 Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses as a Dem- 
 ocrat; moved to Tennessee, where he died in 1813. 
 
 Hemenway, James A., of Boonville, Ind., 
 was liorn there March 8, 1860; educated in the 
 common schools; commenced the practice of law 
 in 18.85; elected prosecuting attorney of the second 
 judicial circuit of In<liana in l.'v86 and 1888; se- 
 lected as the mendjerof the Reimblican State com- 
 mittee from the First district in 1890; elected to 
 the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty- 
 seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Repub- 
 lican. 
 
 Hemphill, John, was born in Chester District, 
 S. C, in 1803; located at Sumter; edited a nullifi- 
 cation i)aper 1832-1833; moved to Texas, and for 
 many years chief justice of the supreme court of 
 that State; elected a J'nited States Senator from 
 Texas, serving from December 5, 1859, until his 
 
590 
 
 CONORESSIONAI. niRKCTORY. 
 
 fxpulsiiin .Inly 11, 1861; ilepnty to the provisional 
 coiinress of thi> ronfe<U'rate Stiitos at Mont^mery 
 in Kolinmry. IStU; >lie<l at Ki.-hmonil. Va., .lanvi- 
 ary 4, ISiii"! 
 
 Hemphill. John J. . wan born at Chester, S. C, 
 
 August L'-'i. lS4;i; attfiiiltMl the ft-lmols iti the town 
 until !.'<(«>, wlifii lie cnloriMl llic Soiitli t'arolina 
 I'nivcrsitv, Inmi wliiili lie ^'radiiattil in IStiit; 
 aftiT Iraviiij; iiilUtio he licinin Ilic stmly of law, 
 anil was' admitted to the liar in llif fall of ISTO; 
 noniinatod by the IVnioiTats as a candidate for the 
 legislature in 1874, Imt not fleeted; aiiain nonii- 
 natiHl for the Siinie otliee by the siiiiie party in lS7t> 
 and elected, and likewise renominated and re- 
 elected in 187S and 1880; elected to the Forty- 
 eighth. Forty-ninth, Fiftieth. Fifty-tirst, and 
 Fifty-second {'iini;resses as a Demwrat. 
 
 Hemphill, Joseph, was born in Delaware 
 C<iunty, I'a., in 1770; received an academic edu- 
 cation"; studied law and admitted to the bar; 
 bejran practice in Chester County; elected a Kep- 
 resentative as a Fedendist from Pennsylvania to 
 the Seventh I'oufjress; moved to Philadelphia: 
 appointed the lirsi president-judne of the city and 
 county; elected a Representative to the Sixteenth, 
 SeventtHMith, F^ighteenth, and Nineteenth Con- 
 gresses, serving until his resignation in 182(); 
 ele<'ted to the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson 
 Democrat; State representative in 1831-32; died 
 at I'hiladelpliia May L>9, 1S42. 
 
 Hempstead, Edward, was bi>rn at New I>on- 
 don, Conn., June 3, 1780; received an academic 
 education; studied law; admitted to the bar in 
 1801 ; connnenceil pnictioe in Rhode Island : moved 
 to St. Louis in l.><0,'>; attorney-general of tlie Terri- 
 tory of I'piHr Louisiana ISOit-lSll; elected a Dele- 
 gjite from the Missouri Territory to the Twelfth 
 and Thirteenth Congrt'sses; speaker of the Terri- 
 torial assembly; died at St. Uniis August 10,1817. 
 
 Hemsley, William, was a Delegate from Mary- 
 land to the Continental Congress 1782-1784. 
 
 Hendee, George Whitman, was born at 
 Stowe. Vt., November .SO, 1,>>:!2; receiveil an 
 academic education; studied law; admitted to the 
 l>ar. and beg:in iiracticeat Morrisville; prosecuting 
 attorney l.'i.^S-.'ili; State representative l.'^t;l-<j2; 
 State senator lSii7-<>8; lieutenant-governor of Ver- 
 mont in 18t)ii and governor in 1870; elected a Rep- 
 resentative friiMi Vermont to the F'orty-thin.1, 
 Forty-fourth, and Forty-fifth Congresses. 
 
 Henderson, Archibald, was Ixirn at Salisbury, 
 N. C., .Vuirust 7, 17t>S; attended the ixmimim 
 schoi>ls; studied law with his father; admitteil to 
 the bar, and In'canie a leading member of the 
 State bar; electiil a Representative from North 
 Carolina to the Sixth and Seventh Congresses; 
 member of the house of conunons of North 
 Carolina 1S07, l.><0.s, and 1819; diet! at Salisbury, 
 N. C.. Oct.iU>r 1, 1S22. 
 
 Henderson, Bennett H., was electeil a Repre- 
 sentative from Tein\e.s.sce to the F'ourteenth Con- 
 gre.ss. 
 
 Henderson, David Bremner, of Dubuipie, 
 Iowa, was born at old l>eer, .S'otland, .March 14, 
 l.><4ll; broni:ht to Illinois in lS4ti and to Iowa in 
 l.*v49; tibiiated in counnon schools and at the CpjH'r 
 Iowa I'niversity; studieil law and admitted to the 
 liar in the fall oflHtvS; reareil on afarmuntil21 years 
 of age; eidiste<l in the Cnion .\rmy in Scptemlx-r, 
 18til, as private in Comjwny C, Twelfth Rt>giment 
 Iowa Infanlr\ \ohnileers, and elected and coni- 
 missioueil lirst lieutenant of that comiiany. serving 
 
 with it until discharjretl, owing to the loss of his 
 leg. February 2t>, ISti.!; a|)|)ointed commissioner 
 of the board of ennillmeeit of the third district of 
 Iowa in May. 18li3, serving as such until June, 
 18l>4, when he reentereil the Army as colonel of 
 the Forty-sixth Regiment Iowa Infantry Volun- 
 teers, and serve<l therein until the close of his 
 term of service; collector of internal revenue for 
 the third district of Iowa from NovemlK-r, 18ti,i, 
 until June, 18t!!t, when he resigned and ln'came 
 a memlKT of the law (inn of .^^hiras. Van Du/ee 
 lie Ilciidersiin; assistant I'liitcd .stales district 
 attorney lor the norihern division of the district 
 of Iowa about two years, resigning in 1871; elecliil 
 to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty- 
 tirst. Fifty-second, Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty- 
 fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses aa 
 a Republican; Speaker of the House forthe Fifty- 
 sixth and Fifty-s*»venth Congre.s.'^'s; renominated 
 for the Fifty-eighth Congress, but declined. 
 
 Henderson, James Pmckney, was Iwrn in 
 Lincoln Countv, N. C, March 31, 1808; received 
 an academic eiiucation; studied law; admitted to 
 the bar and began practice in Mississippi; moved 
 to the Kepulilic of Texas in 1.8.3l>; appointed by 
 President Houston attorney-general, and after- 
 wards secretary of state; visiteii Kuroiie as the 
 diplomatic representative of Texas, and in 1844 
 visited the I'nited States as s()ecial minister to 
 negotiate annexation: member of the Stateconsti- 
 tutional convention of 18-lo; governor of Texas in 
 184(>; served in the Mexican war, rei-eiving a vote 
 of thanks and a sword from Congress; elected a 
 I'nited States .Senator from Texas as a State Right*) 
 Democrat (vice Thomas J. Rusk, decea.setl). serv- 
 ing from -March 1, 18.i8, until his death, at Wash- 
 ington, D. C. . June 4, 1SJ8. 
 
 Henderson, John, was born in 1795; rt'ceived 
 an academic e<lucation; studied law and admitted 
 to the bar: commenced |iractice at Pass Christian, 
 Miss.; brigadier-general of militia; elected a I'niteil 
 States .Senator from Mississippi 1,S39-184.'> as a 
 Whig: ]iracticed at New Orleans; diei.1 at Pass 
 Christian, Miss., in 1857. 
 
 Henderson. John B., was born near I>aiiville, 
 Va., November Hi, 182(>; movetl to Misstniri; re- 
 ceived an academic education; taught school for 
 several years; studiiii and practiced law; a mem- 
 ber of the State legislature 1!<4,>n-1.><.t<); Presidential 
 elector in 18.iti on the IX-miH-ratic ticket; defeated! 
 for Congress in 18.>8: Presidential elector on the 
 Douglas ticket in IStiO, pleilging himself to vote 
 for either Douglas or Bell to carry the State 
 agjiinst Breckinridge, the scces.sion candidate: de- 
 feated for Congress in 1800: inemln'r of the State 
 convention in 18til; a p.-onoimced I'nion nmn; 
 servt>d in the State militia in 18t>l; ap|H>inted 
 I'nited .States Senator in January, 1802, to sui-ce<>d 
 Trusten Polk, ex|ielle<l, and elected and rtH>le4'tt>d, 
 serving until March 3, 1809; a ctimmissioner to 
 tn^at with hostile tribes of Indians in l.'^07; moved 
 to Washington, D. C. 
 
 Henderson, John H. D. , was born near .Salem, 
 I Kv.Jnly.'i, l.siO; moved to Missouri Territory in 
 
 1S17; attendcil the public s<-hools: learneil the art 
 I of printing: entertnl the ministry and was p.tstor 
 ' in Washington County. Pa.. L'<43-1.<t1: relurne<l 
 
 to Missouri: in \S.'v2 movei) to Oregon; su|>erin- 
 
 tendent of public schi«ils in Lane County in 1859; 
 I eliH-te<I a Represi'Utative from (tregon to the 
 
 Thirty-ninth Ci)ngn\ss as a Republican. 
 
 Henderson, John Steele, was bom near Salis- 
 i burv. Rowan (."ountv, N. C., Januar\- 6, 1846; 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 591 
 
 entered the University of Xorth Carolina in Jann- 
 ary, 1862, ami left in November, 1864, to enter 
 the Confederate army as a private in Company B, 
 Tenth Regiment North Carolina State troop^;: 
 after the war t^tudied law, and in .January, 1866, 
 entered Judge Pearson's law school at Richmond 
 Hill, N. C. ; obtained county court license in June, 
 1866, and superior court license in June, 1867; 
 appointed in June, 1866, register of deeds for 
 Rowan County, and resigned that oftice in Sep- 
 tember, 1868; elected in 1871 a delegate to the pro- 
 posed constitutional convention: member of the 
 State constitutional convention in 1875; member 
 of the State house of representatives in 1876, and 
 of the State senate in 1878: elected by the general 
 assembly in 1881 one of the three commissioners 
 to codify the statute laws of the State; elected pre- 
 siding justice of the inferior court of Rowan 
 Countv in June. 1884; elected to the Fortv-ninth, 
 Fiftieth, Fifty-tirst, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third 
 Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Henderson, Joseph, was a native of Pennsyl- 
 vania; attended the public schools; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from that State to the Tn'enty-third 
 aud Twenty-fourth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Henderson, Samuel, was elected a Represent- 
 ative from Pennsylvania in the Thirteenth Con- 
 gress (vice Jonathan Roberts, elected Senator), 
 serving from !March L'9. 1814, until March 2, 1815. 
 
 Henderson, Thomas, was born at Freehold, 
 N. J., in 1743; pursued"classical studies and gradua- 
 ted from Princeton College in 1761; studied law, 
 admittetl to the bar; judge of the court of common 
 pleas; Delegate to the Continental Congress from 
 New Jersey 1779-80: elected a Representative 
 from New Jersey to the Fourth Congress; died at 
 Freehold, N. J., December 15, 1824. 
 
 Henderson, Thomas J., of Princeton, 111., 
 was born at Brownsville, Haywood County, Tenn., 
 November 29, 1824; moved to Illinois at the age 
 of 11 ; received an academic education; reared upon 
 a farm; elected clerk of the county commissionei-s' 
 court ot Stark County, 111., in 1847, and served 
 until 1849, elected clerk of the county court of 
 Stark County, and served from 1849 to 1858; stud- 
 ied law. admitted to the bar in 1852 and practiced; 
 member of the State huuse of representatives in 
 1855 and 1856, and of the State senate in 1857, 
 18.58, 1859, and 1,860; entered the Union Armv in 
 1862 as colonel of the One hundred and twelfth 
 Regiment of Illinois, Volunteer Infantry; served 
 until the close of the war and was brevetted briga- 
 dier-general in January, 1865, for gallant services 
 in the tieorgia and Tennes.see campaigns, especially 
 at the battle of Franklin, Tenn., November 30, 
 1864; elected a Presidential elector for the State at 
 large on the Republican ticket in 1868; elected to 
 the Forty-fourth, Forty-tifth. Forty-sixth, Forty- 
 seventh. Forty-eighth. Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fiftv- 
 tirst. Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses a.i a 
 Republican. 
 
 Hendrick, John K. , of Smithland, Ky., was 
 born in North Carolina C'ctober 10, 1849; raised on 
 a farm in Logan and Todd counties, Kentuckv: 
 educated at private school, and at Bethel College, 
 Russellville, Ky.; moved to Crittenden County. 
 Ky., in 1869, an<l engaged in school-teaching while 
 studying law: admitted to the bar in Livingston 
 County, Ky.. in 1874; elected county attorney of 
 Livingston County in 1878 and reelected in 1882; 
 elected to the State senate from the third district 
 in 1887; in 1888 chosen a delegate from the State 
 at large to the Democratic national convention 
 
 which met at St. Louis; elected to the Fifty-fourth 
 Congress as a Democrat; resumed the |)ractice of 
 law after leaving Congress. 
 
 Hendricks, Thomas Andrews, was born near 
 Zitnesville, Ohio, September 7, 1819; moved with 
 his parents to Madison, Ind., thence to Shelby 
 ' County in 1832; pui-sned classical studies and grad- 
 i uated from Hanover College in 1841 ; studied law 
 ! at Chambei-sburg, Pa., admitted to the bar in 1843, 
 ( and began practice at Shelbyville, Ind.; State rep- 
 resentative in 1848 and a State senator in 1849; 
 elected a Representative from Indiana to the 
 Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses; defeat- 
 ed for the Thirty-fourth Congress; Comnnssioner 
 of General Land" Office 18.55-18.59; defeated as the 
 Democratic candidate for governor in i860, and 
 the same year moved to Indianapolis; United 
 States Senator from Indiana 1863-1869; defeated 
 as the Democratic candidate for governor in 1868; 
 elected governor in 1872; defeated for Vice-Pre.si- 
 I dent on the Democratic ticket in 1876; visited Eu- 
 rope in 1877 and 1883; elected Vice-President on 
 I the Democratic ticket in 18,84; died at Indianapolis, 
 Ind., November 25, 1885. 
 
 I Hendricks, William, was born in Westmore- 
 ! land County. Pa., in 1783; attended the comnuin 
 ' schools; moved to Madison, Ind., in 1814; secre- 
 tary of the first State convention: elected to the 
 Fourteenth, Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth 
 Congresses, serving until his resignation, in 1822; 
 j governor of India-.a 1822-1825; elected United 
 States Senator from Indiana 182.5-1837 as a Dem- 
 ocrat; defeated for reelection; died at Madison, 
 Ind., May 16. \SnO. 
 
 Hendrix, Joseph C, of Brooklyn, N. Y., was 
 1 born at Fayette, Howard County, "jlo.. May 25, 
 j 1853; educated in private schools," at Central" C'ol- 
 lege in his native place, and at Cornell Univer- 
 j sity, Ithaca, N. Y. ; moved to New York in 1873, 
 and until 1883 a reporter, night city editor, and 
 writer on New York Sun; moved "to Brooklyn, 
 N. Y., in 1873, and in 1882 appointed a mem- 
 lier of the board of education; in 1,^^83 Demo- 
 cratic candidate for mayor of Brooklyn, and 
 defeated by Seth Low; appointed trustee of 
 the New York and Brooklyn Bridge in 1884; 
 elected secretary of the board of bridge trustees 
 in 1885; appointed postmaster of Brooklyn by 
 President Cleveland in 1886, and served until July 
 1. 1890; elected president of the board of educa- 
 tion of Brooklyn in 1887; appointeil rapid transit 
 commissioner in 1889, but declined the office; be- 
 came president of the Kings County Trust Com- 
 pany in 1889, and continued as such until June 1, 
 1,893, when he became president of the National 
 Union Bank of New York City; elected to the 
 Fifty-third Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Henkle, Eli Jones, of Brooklyn, Md., was born 
 in Baltimore County, .Md., November 24, 1828; re- 
 ceived an academic education; taught school 
 three years; studied medicine, and graduated from 
 the University of Maryland in 18.50; devoted Jiis 
 attention chictly to the practice of his profession 
 and to fruit culture; trustee and also professor 
 of anatomy, physiology, and hygiene in the Mary- 
 land .Agricultural College; elected to the house "of 
 delegates in 1.S63: member of the State constitu- 
 tional convention of 1864; elected to the State 
 senate in 18(i6 and again in 1867, serving in 1.867, 
 1868, and 1870; elected to the house of delegates 
 in 1871 and 1873; delegate to the national Demo- 
 cratic convention in 1^72: elected to the Fopt*- 
 fourth and Forty-tifth Congresses and reele';t©d 
 to the Forty-sixth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
502 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTOKY. 
 
 Henley, Barclay, of Santii Kusa, Cal. (son of 
 Tlioiiias J. llenU'vl, was Ikhii in Clark County, 
 Inil.. Manh I", lS4.'i; moved to California in IS")!!; 
 returned to Imliana; eiliii-att-<l at Hanover CuUene; 
 etudieil law in San Kramisco, adnutteil to the liar 
 in 18H4; distrii-t attorney of Sonoma County; mem- 
 l)er of the State as<einl(ly ; nominated Presidential 
 elector on the Denioeratie ticket in lS7t>; nominated 
 for the same position in ISSl) and elected; electe<l 
 to the Korty-eiKhtli and Forty-ninth Coiifrresju^s 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Henley, Thomas J. , was born in Indiana in 
 1810; atteniled the Indiana State College; a 
 farmer; State reiiresentative 18:5:;-1S42; elected a 
 Reprt'sentativefrom Indiana to the Twenty-eij;hth, 
 Twenty-ninth, and Thirti>th Con;;resses as a Dem- 
 ocrat; moved to (.'alifornia; mendjer of the lirst 
 State leffislatnrc; superintendent of Indian af- 
 fairs of California for seven years; postmaster at 
 San I'rancisco. 
 
 Henn, Bernhart, was a native of New York; 
 attended the public schools; moved to Fairlield, 
 Iowa; elected a Kejiresentative from h)wa to the 
 Tlnrty-second Conjrress as a Democrat; reelecte<l 
 to the Thirty-thirtl Congress. 
 
 Henry. Charles L., of Anderson, Ind., was 
 l)orn Jidy 1. 1S4SI, in (.ireen Townshi]), Hancock 
 County, Ind.; his parents moved with him in his 
 early youth to remlleton, Ind.; educated in the 
 common .schools, and pursued his studies through 
 part of a collegiate coui-se at Asbury (now De 
 Pauw) I'niversity, at Greenca.stle, Ind.; studied 
 law and gra<luatcd frnni tin' law deiiartment of the 
 Indiana I'niversity, at Ulnomington, in 1S7-, and 
 immediately connnenced the practice of law at 
 Pendleton; moved to Andei'son in 1875; elected to 
 the State senate in 1880 from the counties of (irant 
 and Maiii.son, and served in the sessions of 1881 
 and 18.S.S; electe<l to the Fifty-fourth Congress as 
 a Republican; reelected to the Fifty-iifth Congress; 
 declined a ren<imination. 
 
 Henry, Daniel Maynadier, of Cambridge, 
 Md.. was born near that town, Dorchester County, 
 February 1!', 182.S; eilucated at Camliridge Acad- 
 emy, and at St. .John's College, .\nnapolis; studied 
 law; admitted to the bar in 1S44, and practiceil; 
 electeil a inend>er of the house of delegates in 
 1846, and again in 1849; elected a mend>cr of the 
 State senati^ in bS(i9; eUnted to the Forty-lifth 
 Congress anil reelected to the Forty-sixth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; after leaving Congress tie- 
 voted him.self to the practice of his profession; died 
 in August, 1899. 
 
 Henry, E. Stevens, was born in (.iill, Ma.ss,, 
 of Scolcli-lrish ancestry, February 10, 18;j(>, mov- 
 ing in 1849 to Rockvillc, Conn.; closely connected 
 with the business interests of that city; tilled nu- 
 merous local oHices. serving two years as mayor; 
 repre.M'Utative to the lower house of the CoinKx-ti- 
 cut general assend>ly of 18,s;}; Slate senator in 
 1887-88; delegjite at large to the Chicago national 
 Republican convention in 1888; treasurer of the 
 State of Conne<ticut 1.S.S9-1893; electe<l to the 
 Fifty-fourth, Fifty-lifth, Fifty-sixth, Fiftv-seventh, 
 and Fifty-eighth Congre.ises as a Republican. 
 
 Henry, James, was a native of Virginia; pur- 
 Buol classical studies; studied law; ailmitted to 
 the l«ar, and a])i>ointeil a juilgi"; Delegate to the 
 Continental Congress from Virginia 1780-81; diet! 
 in Virginia Jamiary 17, 180.5. 
 
 Henry, John, was born at Fjt.«ton, Md.. alMiut 
 17-10; ]iursued cla.ssical studies and gr.uluated from 
 
 Princeton College in 1769; 8tudic<l law and ail- 
 mitted to the bar; commenced practice at KaiJton; 
 Delepite from Maryland to the Continental Con- 
 gress 177S-1781 aii<l 1784-1787; I'niteil States 
 .Senator from Maryland March 4, 1789, to his res- 
 ignation December 10, 1797; governor of Mary- 
 land 1797-98; died at Easton, Mil., December I'ti, 
 1798. 
 
 Henry, John F. , was born in Scott County, 
 Ky., .lanuary 17, 179;?; devoted him.self to farm- 
 ing and the i>racticeof medicine; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Kentucky to the Nineteenth Con- 
 gress (vice his brother, Robert 1*. Henrv, de- 
 ceased), serving from Decendier 11, 1820, to March 
 :?, 18-_>7. 
 
 Henry, Patrick, was born at Studlev, Hanover 
 County, Va., May 29, 1736; receive<{ a limitdl 
 education; engaged unsuccessfully in mercantile 
 ])ursuits; studieti law, and admitted to the bar in 
 1700; moved to Louisa County in 17114; mendier 
 of the colonial house of burgesses in 1705; DeU-gate 
 from Virginia to the Continental Congress 1774- 
 1770; colonel of the First Virginia Regiment for a 
 few months; governor of Virginia 177»>-1779 and 
 1784-1780; member of the State convention which 
 ratilied the Federal Constitution in 1788; declined 
 the apjiointment of Secretary of State offered by 
 President Washington and that of minister to 
 France offered by President John Adams; electe<l 
 to tlie State senate in 1799, Init did not take the 
 seat; died at Red Hill, Charlotte County, June 6, 
 1799. 
 
 Henry. Patrick, of Brandon, Miss., was lx>rn 
 in Madi.-;on County, Miss., Feliruary 12, 184;?; 
 entered Mississippi College, at Clinton; afterwards 
 Madi.son College, at Sharon, and when the war 
 commenced was at the Xashville (Tenn. ) Military 
 College; in the spring of 1801 enlisted in the Con- 
 federate service ni tlie Sixth Mississii>i>i Infantry 
 Regiment; served through the war, and surren- 
 dered at (Treensboro, N. ('., April 20, ]8<).5, ;is 
 major of the Fourteenth (consolidated) Mississippi 
 Regiment; returning home, farmed until 187;{ in 
 Hinds and Rankin counties, when he commence*! 
 the jirac.tice of law at Brandon; mcml>er of the 
 legislature in 1878 and 1890, and delegate from the 
 State at large to the constitutional convention in 
 1890; elected to the Fifty-lifth Congress as a 
 Democrat and reelected to the Fifty-sixth Congress. 
 
 Henry, Patrick, of Vicksburg, Miss., was born 
 in .\rkans;is, February 15, 1801; receiveil a free- 
 school education and spent two years at college; 
 studiinl law; admitted to the bar in 18,'<4; eight 
 years attorney of the ninth judicial district, and 
 wa-s beginning to serve his third term of four years 
 when appointed judge of the .same district by the 
 governor, Feliruary, 1900, which he resigne<l to 
 take his seat in Congress, leaving three years of 
 the judicial term unexpired; elected to the Fifty- 
 seventh Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Henry. Robert Lee, was lx>rn May 12, 18t>4, 
 at Linden. Cass County, Tex.; in 1895 lix-ated in 
 McLennan County; gnulnateil with the degree of 
 M. A. from the Southwestern University of Texas 
 in June, 18.S5; valetlictorian of his class; n-ad law, 
 and in Jamiary, 18,8(>, admitteii to the Imr; prac- 
 ticed for a short time, and then tiKik a cours*' at 
 the University of Texas, and gradnateil with the 
 degree of H. L. in 1887; elected mayor of Texar- 
 kana in 1890; rcsiirneil this iiosition to accept the 
 office of assistant attorney-general; move<l tem- 
 porarily to .\\istin; .served in this capacity for 
 nearly eighteen months; appointed iLssistant attor- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 593 
 
 ney-general October 3, 1893; held the latter posi- 
 tion tor nearly three years; filled out an unexpired 
 term anil one full term, and then located in 
 Waco for the practice of law; elected a member 
 of the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and 
 Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Henry, Robert P. , was born in Scott County, 
 Ky., November 24, 1788; received a classical 
 education; graduated from Transylvania College; 
 studied law, and admitted to the bar in 1809; 
 prosecuting attorney; served in the war of 1812; 
 moved to Hopkinsville; electetl a Representative 
 from Kentucky to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth 
 Congresses as a Clay Democrat, serving until his 
 death, August 25, 1826, at noi)kinsville, Ky. 
 
 Henry. Thomas, was born in Ireland in 1785; 
 emigrated to Ameriai; located at Beaver, Pa.; 
 elected a Representative from I'ennsylvania to the 
 Twent\'-sixtU and Twenty-seventh Congresses as 
 a Whig; died at Beaver, Pa., July 27, 1849. 
 
 Henry, W. Laird, was born at Cambridge, ]Md., 
 December 20, 1864; educated in the public schools 
 of his native town; after a few years in mercantile 
 life he purchased an interest in the Cambridge 
 Chronicle, and engaged in editing that journal; 
 never held any public position until elected in 
 1894 to till out the unexpired term of Robert F. 
 Brattan in the Fifty-third Congress; after leaving 
 Congress he resumed the practice of law in Cam- 
 bridge, JId. 
 
 Henry, William, was Delegate from Pennsyl- 
 vania til the Continental Congress 1784-1786. 
 
 Henry, William, was a native of New Hamp- 
 shire; attended the public schools; moved to Bel- 
 lows Falls, Vt. ; elected a Representative from Ver- 
 mont to the Thirtieth antl Thirty-first Congresses 
 as a Whig. 
 
 Hepburn, William Peters, of Clarinda, Iowa, 
 was born November 4, 1833, at Wellsville, Cohmi- 
 biana County, Ohio; taken to Iowa April, 1841; 
 educated in the schools of the Territory and in a 
 printing office; admitted to practice law in 1854; 
 made his home in Marshall County in February, 
 1856; elected prosecuting attorney of Marshall 
 County in August of that year; served the follow- 
 ing winter as a clerk in the house of representa- 
 tives, and elected clerk of the house of represent- 
 atives at the first session that convened in Des 
 Moines in January, 1858; in October of that year 
 elected district attorney of the eleventh judicial 
 district; member of the Republican national con- 
 vention in 1860; in August, 1861, resigned the 
 position of district attorney and became a member 
 of the Second Iowa Cavalry; held the rank of cap- 
 tain, major, and lieutenant-colonel; a resident of 
 Memphis, Tenn., during the two years next fol- 
 lowing the war; moved to Clarinda, Iowa, in June, 
 1867; engaged in the active practice of his profes- 
 sion until 1881; on the Repul>lican ticket in 1876 
 and 1888 as an elector at large; member of the 
 Republican national conventions in 1888 and 1H96; 
 served as Solicitor of the Treasury during the Ad- 
 ministration of President Benjamin Harrison; 
 elected to the Forty-seventh, Fortv-eighth, Forty- 
 ninth, Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty- 
 sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses 
 as a Republican; served on the Committees on 
 Elections, Patents, Pacific Railways, Alcoholic 
 Liquor Traffic, Isthmian Affairs; during and after 
 the Fifty-fourth Congress, chairman of the Com- 
 mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. 
 
 Herbert, Hilary A., of Montgomery, Ala.; 
 wa-s born at Laurensville, S. C, March 12, 1834; 
 moved to Greenville, Butler Coimty, Ala., in 1846; 
 attended the University of Alabama in 1853-.54, 
 and the University of \'irginia in 185.5-56; studied 
 law and admitted to the bar; entered the Confed- 
 erate service as captain; promoted to the colonelcy 
 of the Eighth Alabama Volunteers; disabled at the 
 battle of the Wilderness, Mav' 6, 1864; continued 
 the practice of law at Greenville, Ala., until 1872, 
 when he moved to Montgomery, where he after- 
 wards practiced; elected a Representative from 
 Alabama to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty- 
 seventh, Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty- 
 first, and Fifty-second Congresses as a Democrat; 
 Secretary of the Navy 1893-1897; located at Wash- 
 ington, D. C, and jiracticed law. 
 
 Herbert, John C, was a native of Maryland; 
 elected a Representative from that State to the 
 Fourteenth and Fifteenth Congresses. 
 
 Herbert, Philemon T. , was a native of Ala- 
 bama; moved to Mariposa City, Cal.; elected a 
 Representative from California totheThirty-fourth 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Hereford, Frank, was born in Fauquier County, 
 Va., July 4, 1825; graduated in 1845; studied law 
 and practiced his profession; district attorney of 
 Sacramento County, Cal., from October, 1855, to 
 October, 1857; Presidential elector on the Demo- 
 cratic ticket for the State at large in 1868; elected 
 a member of the House of Representatives to the 
 Forty-second, Forty-third, and Forty-fourth Con- 
 gresses; elected to the United States Senate to fill 
 the vacancy caused by the death of Allen Taylor 
 Caperton; term of service expired March 3, 1881; 
 after leaving Congress he resumed the practice of 
 law; died at Union, Monroe Countv, W. Va., 
 December 21, 1891. 
 
 Herkimer, John, was born at Daimbe, Her- 
 kimer County, N. Y., in 1773; attended the pub- 
 lic schools; State representative 1800-1808; judge 
 of the circuit court for several years; elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Fifteenth 
 and Eighteenth Congresses as a Democrat; moved 
 to Meriden, N. Y., in the interval, subsequently 
 returning to Danube, where he died June 8, 1848. 
 
 Hermann, Bing'er, of Roseburg, Oreg. , was born 
 at Lonaconing, Allegany County, Md., February 
 19, 1843; educated in the rural schools of western 
 Maryland and at the Independent Academy (after- 
 wards Irving College), near Baltimore City; moved 
 to Oregon; taught country schools; studied law, 
 admitted to the supreme court of Oregon in 1866, 
 and practiced law; represented Douglas County 
 in the lower house of the Oregon legislature in 
 1866, and State senator for Douglas, Coos, and 
 Curry counties in 1868; deputy collector of United 
 States internal revenue for southern Oregon 1868- 
 1871 ; receiver of public moneys at the United States 
 land ofhce at Roseburg, Oreg., under appoint- 
 ment by President Grant 1871-1873; largely inter- 
 ested in shipping and lumber manufacturing on 
 the southern Oregon coast and rivers; judge-advo- 
 cate, with the rank of colonel, in the Oregon State 
 militia 1882-1884; elected to the Forty-ninth, Fifty- 
 first, Fifty-second, Fifty-third, ami Fifty-fourth 
 Congresses as a Republican; appointed Commis- 
 sioner of the General Land Office by President 
 McKinlev March 24, 1897; resigned February 2, 
 1903. 
 
 Hernandez, Joseph M., was a native of St. 
 .\ugustine, Fla. (a Spanish colony), transferring 
 
 H. Doc. 458- 
 
 -38 
 
94 
 
 CONORKSSIONAI, l>l KKCTOKV 
 
 aUegianoe to the rnitiMl States; electinl a lir^t 
 Delepito friiin Floriila TiTritory to tlic Seventeenth 
 Congress, seivint.' Iinin .lamiarv S to Maivli '.i, 
 182;i; nimilMT and jirc-^idinK ullii'er of theTen-i- 
 toiiaUKinsiMifrepresieiitative.''; aiii)ninte<ll)ri>;a'lier- 
 penenil of vohnileer)' in thewaragaiiistthe Kloiida 
 Inilians; dird at M;U;inzas, Cuba, Jnne 8, lHo7. 
 
 Herndon, Thomas H., was tioni in (ireene 
 (now Half) County, Ala., .hdy 1, ISl'S; ^'ladiiatcd 
 from the rniversity of Alaliania, and attended tin- 
 law school of the luiiversity at ('ainl>ridf.'e, Mass.; 
 praetieinj; lawver; eleeted a nieiiilierof the lejiis- 
 latnre from Moliile lS.")7-'i.><; trustee of the I iii- 
 vereitv of Alabama 1S.")S-.")1I; mendxT of the State 
 convention known ns the secession convention in 
 18()1; major, lieutcnaut-eolonel, and colonid in the 
 Confederate Slates army; wounded twi<'e in bat- 
 tle, and paroled May bi, ISti.'i; llemocratic candi- 
 date fiT jrovernor of .\labama in 1S7L'; member of 
 the constitutional convention in 187-"); chairman 
 of conunittee on the exeiutive department; mem- 
 bei! of the State le;.'islature 1S70-77; chairman of 
 the judiciary conunittee of the house; eleeted a 
 Representative to the Forty-sixth, Korty-seventh, 
 ana Fortv-eis.dith Congrea-es as a Democrat; died 
 March 2.S IS.s:!. 
 
 Herndon. William S., was born at Rome, Ga., 
 November L'7, lX.'i7; moved to Wood County, Tex., 
 in Jfay, l.H.i-.'; attended M< Iven/.ie Colle},'i;. Texas; 
 studied law, and conmienced |iractice in ISW); 
 served in t he O infederate army 1 S(i 1-1 8(i."i ; resumed 
 practice at Tyler, Smith County; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Texas to the Forty-second and 
 Forty-third Conjiresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Herod, William, received a liberal education; 
 studied law, a<lmitteii to the bar and bej;an prac- 
 tiein;; at Cohnubus, Ind.; State s<'nator; eleeted 
 a Representative from In<liana to the Twenty- 
 fonrlhCoUfires-sasa Whig, vice (ieortre L. Kiunard, 
 deceased; reelected to the Twenty-lifth Conjrre.-s; 
 defeated for the Twenty-sixth Congress. 
 
 Herrick, Anson (son of F]lx>nezer Herrick), 
 was bom at Lewiston, Me., January 21, 1S12; at- 
 tended the public schools; became a printer; estab- 
 lished tlie Citizen at Wiscasset in Is:;:!; moved to 
 New York in ]s:!(i; establisluMl the New York 
 Atlas in ISliS, which he conliuued until his death; 
 aldernuin from the Nineteenth Wanl of New York 
 City I,s."i4-18.")t5; naval storekeei>er for the port 
 of New York 1S57-1W>1; elected a Representatne 
 from New York to the Thirty-eighth Congress as 
 a Democrat; delegate to the national Cnion con- 
 ventional I'hiladelphia in KSoli; died at New York 
 dty February h, USOS. 
 
 Herrick, Ebenezer (father of Anson Herrick), 
 wasanativeof Lincoln County, Me.; attended the 
 public schools; secretary of the Stale senate in 
 1.H20; elected a Representative from .Maine to the 
 Seventeenth, Kighteentli, and Nineteenth Con- 
 gre.sses; declined a reelection; State senator in 
 182S-2iM die<l at U-wiston, Me., May 7, 1839. 
 
 Herrick, Joshua, w.as born at Beverly, Mass., 
 March bS, 17!i.S; attendeil tin- |iublic schools; 
 moved to the<listrictof MaintMii ISIl and engaged 
 in the lumber business on the .\u<lro.''cogi:in River; 
 servefl in the war of 1812; moved to lirunswick, 
 Ix'Coming connecte<l with the lirst cotton factory 
 erected in Maine; deputy sheriff of Cumberland 
 County for many years; deputy collector ami in- 
 siK'ctor of customs at Kennebunkport 1S2H-1841; 
 county coTiwnissioner of York Comity 1.S42— t.'t; 
 electeila Hepn tentative from Maine to theTwetity- 
 eighth ('..Pi.jn— us a Democnit; again deputy col- 
 
 lector at Ki'niiebunkiiort 1847-1H4!I; register of 
 probate of York County 184!»-18.V>; served for sev- 
 eral vears in the militia; ilied at .\lfred. Me., 
 August :«), 1H74. 
 
 Herrick, Richard P., was born in Rens.-<elaer 
 County, N. V., in 17!»1; eleited a Representative 
 from New York to the Twenty-ninth Cimgress as 
 a Whig, serving until liis death, at Washington, 
 I). C, .June 20, istti. 
 
 Herrick, Samuel, was born in DiitchessCounly, 
 N. Y., A|iril 14, 177il; receivecl an academic eihi- 
 calion; studieil law at Carlisle, I'a. ; aclmittecl to 
 the bar in 181)."); moved to Zanesvdle, Ohio, in 
 IHIO; held several local otlices; elect<Hi a Re])re- 
 siMitative from(!)hio to the Fifteenth and Si^steenth 
 Congresses as a Democrat; I'residential electi>ron 
 the Jackson ami Calhoun ticketin 1828; appointed 
 I'nited States district attorney for Ohio in 1829; 
 ilied Deceudier Hi, lS.=il. 
 
 Hersey,Samuel F., was born at Sumner, Me., 
 
 .\|iril 12, 1S12; received an academic e<lucatioii; 
 engageil in banking and lundier business in Maine, 
 Minnesota, and WLsconsiu; member of the .State 
 legislature of Maine in 1842, 18.'i7, 180.1, lNtl7, and 
 1869, and of the executive council in I8.")l and ).8.'>2; 
 ilelegati' to the Republi<an convention at Chicago 
 in IStiO and at Baltimore in 18H4; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Maine to the Forty-third Congress 
 as a Ri'jiublicau, M-rving until his death, at Bangor, 
 Me., February .">, 1875. 
 
 Hewes, Joseph, was born at Kingston, N. J., in 
 17.10; iiursued classical studies and graduated from 
 Princeton College; located at Wilmington, N. C, 
 and engaged in mercantile pursuits; moved to 
 F.denton, N. C. ; uu'mberof the house of commons 
 of North Carolina 1774-1770; Delegate to the Con- 
 tinental Congress from 1774 until his death, at 
 l'hila<lelphia, Novendicr 10, 1779; was one of the 
 signers of the Deilaration of Independence in 1770. 
 
 Hewitt. Abram Stevens, was born at Haver- 
 straw, N. Y., July HI, 1822; received his elemen- 
 tary education in the public schools of New- York 
 Citv, w here he gained a prize scholarship to Co- 
 lun'iliia College, whence he graduated at the head 
 of his cla.ss in 1842; a<ting [irofe.ssor of mathemat- 
 ics in 184:i; stmlied law, and adnutted to pnieti<|e 
 in the State sui)reme court in October, 184.t; his 
 evesight failing, he engageil in the iri>n business, 
 and under the firm of Cooper <.\c Hewitt established 
 extensive iron works, mainly in New Jersey ami 
 IVmisylvania; ai)pointed one of the ten I nite<l 
 States si-ientitic commissioners to visit the French 
 Exposition I'niverselle of 1SG7 and made a report 
 on Iron and Steel, which was publishdl by Con- 
 gress and has been translated into most Imeign 
 languages; orgjinized and managed the C<M)|H'r 
 I'nion for the Advancement of Science and .\rt, 
 desigueil especially for the edmatinii of the work- 
 iugcla.sses; electetl tothe Forty-l>.urth, Forty-lifth, 
 Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, an.] Forty-ninth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; mavor of New York City, 
 1887-88; ilied January IS, liitW, at New York City. 
 
 Hewitt. Goldsmith W., of Birmingham. Ala., 
 was lH)ni in Jefferson County, Ala., February 14, 
 18;{4; studied law; ailmitte.l to the bar in 18.')(); 
 entered the Confederate army in June, ISCd, as a 
 private; promot<'(l captain in 1802, ami severely 
 wonniltHi at Chiikamauga; member of the ."^tate 
 house of representatives in lS70and 1S71; elected 
 a memlK'r of the State senate in 1^72, and resigned 
 in 1S74; eleited to the Fortv-fourth, Forty-fifth, 
 and Fortv-seventh Congrcs.ses: reele<-te<l to the 
 Forty-eighth Congresses a Demi«'rat: died in 189.i. 
 
KKXJRAPHIKS. 
 
 595 
 
 Hejrward, Thomas, jr., wat> lioiii in St. Lukr 
 Parish, S. C, in 1746; recfived an aeaileniii- eihica- 
 tion; .studieillaw in the Temple at London; a(hnit- 
 ted totlie l)arand jirai-ticed; nieml)er of the colonial 
 assemhiy of South Carolina; Delegate from South 
 Carolina to the ('ontinental Congress 1776-177f<; 
 served in the Revolutionary war as captain; taken 
 prisoner at the capture of t'harleston and carried 
 to St. Augustine; memVjcr of the State constitu- 
 tional convention in 1790; died on his plantation 
 in the parish of St. Luke. S. ('.. March li, 1809. 
 
 Heyward, "William, pursued classical studies; 
 graduated from Trinceton C'oUege in 180S; elected 
 a Bepresentative from ^Maryland to the Eighteenth 
 Congres.s. 
 
 Hibbard, EUery A. , was born at St. Jolmsbury , 
 Vt., July 31, 182(j; received an academic educa- 
 tion; studied and practiced law; clerk of the New 
 Hampshire liouse of representatives 1852-18.54, 
 and a member in 186.1-66; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Nt?w Hampshire to the Forty-second 
 Congress as a Democrat and Labor Reform; judge 
 of the supreme court of Vermont 1873-74, and 
 declined a reappointment under the revised ju- 
 diciary system. 
 
 Hibbard, Harry, was born at Concord, Vt., 
 July 1, 1816; jnirsued classical studies and gradu- 
 ated from Dartmouth College in 18.35; studied law, 
 admitted to the bar in 1839; conmienced practice 
 at Bath, N. 11.; clerk of the S at' house of repre- 
 sentatives 1840-1843; mend vr and speaker of it 
 1844-45; State senator 1846- 849; elected a Repre- 
 .'entative from New Hampshire to the Thirty-first, 
 Thirty-second, and Thirty-third Congresses as a 
 Democrat; died at Somer.sville, N. H., Julv 27, 
 1872. 
 
 Hibshman, Jacob, was a native of Lancaster, 
 Pa.; attended the common .schools; held several 
 local offices: elected a Representative from Penn- 
 sylvania to the Sixteenth Congress. 
 
 Hickman, John, was born ' in Chester County, 
 Pa., September 11, 1810; received an academic 
 education; started to study medicine, but aban- 
 doned it for the study of law; admitted to the bar 
 in 1833 and began practice at West Chester; dele- 
 gate to the Democratic convention at Baltimore in 
 1844; di.strict attorney for Che.ster County 1844-45; 
 elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses as a 
 Democrat, to the Thirty-si.xth Congress as a Doug- 
 lass Democrat, and to the Thirty-seventh Congress 
 as a Republican, declining a reelection to the 
 Thirtv-eightli Congress; State representative in 
 1869; died at West Chester, Pa., March 23, 1875. 
 
 Hicks, Josiah D., of Altoona, Pa., was born in 
 Chester County, Pa., .\ugu.st 1, l,S44,and moved to 
 Blair County in the year 1847; received his educa- 
 tion principally in the common schools of Klair 
 and Huntingdon counties; moved to Altoona in 
 the spring of 1861, and enlisted in the Union Army 
 as a private soldier from that jilace in the fall of 
 1862, and served in the Army nearly eighteen 
 months; admitted to practice law in his county 
 and State courts in 1875; electeil district attorney 
 of Blair County in 18S0, and in 1883 reelected'; 
 elected to the Fifty-third Congress as a Repub- 
 lican; reelected to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth 
 Congresses. 
 
 Hicks, Thomas Holliday, was born in Dor- 
 chester County, :\Id., September 2, 1798; attended 
 the public; schools; worked on a farm; electeil 
 sheriff of Dorchester County in 1831 ; State repre- 
 
 sentati\'e in 1836; appointed register of wills in 
 1838, holding the office a number of years; gov- 
 ernor of Maryland 1858-1862; took a firm stand 
 against secession; ap|)fiinted as a United States 
 Senator from Maryland as a Republican (vice J. A. 
 Pearce, deceased), and afterwards elected liy the 
 legislature, serving from January 14, 1863. until 
 his death, at Washington, D. C, F'ebruai'y 13, 1865. 
 
 Hiestand, John A., of Lancaster, Pa., was 
 
 horn in East Donegal Township, Lancaster County, 
 Pa., October 2, 1824; raised on a farm; attended 
 the common schools and academies of the neigh- 
 borhood and Pennsylvania College at Gettysburg; 
 studied law; admitted to the Lancaster bar in 1849; 
 elected to the State house of representatives of 
 Pennsylvania: in 1852, 1853, and 1856 as a Whig; he 
 purchased in October, 1858, an interest in the Lan- 
 caster Exannner newspaper and printing establish- 
 ment, relinquishing the practice of law; nominated 
 to the State senate in I860 by the Republican party 
 and elected for a term of three years; district Lin- 
 coln and Johnson elector in 1864, and appointed 
 by the electoral college the messenger to carry the 
 vote to Washington; appointed by President Grant 
 in 1871 naval officer at the port of Philadelphia, and 
 
 j reappointe<l by him in 1875, serving eight years; 
 
 I elected to tlie Forty-ninth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican; reelected to the Fiftieth Congress. 
 
 Higby, ■William, was born at Willsboro, N. Y., 
 August 18, 1813; received a classical education, 
 graduating from the University of V^ermont; studied 
 and practiced law; went to California in 1850; dis- 
 trict attorney 1853-18.59; State .senator in 1862 and 
 1863; elected a Representative from California to 
 the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth 
 Congresses as a Re]nd)lican. 
 
 Hig-gins, Anthony, of Wihnington, Del., was 
 born in Red Licm llundred, Newcastle County, 
 Del., October 1, 1840; attended Newark Academy 
 and Delaware College, and graduated from Yale in 
 1861 ; studied law one year at the Harvard Law- 
 School, and adnutted to the bar in 1864; ap|)ointed 
 deputyattorney-general in September, 1864; United 
 
 1 States attorney for Delaware from May, 1869, until 
 1876; received the votes of tlie Rejiublican mem- 
 bers of the legislature for the United States Senate 
 
 , in 1881; Repuljlican candidate for Congress in 
 1884, and elected t<i the United States Senate as a 
 Republican to succeed Eli Saulsbury, Democrat, 
 and took his .seat March 4, 1889; resumed the 
 practice of law after the expiration of his term in 
 Congress. 
 
 Higginson, Stephen, was born at Salem, Mass. , 
 November 28, 1743; engaged in mercantile pur- 
 suits and navigation; Delegate from Massachu- 
 setts to the Continental Congress 1782-83; navy 
 agent at Boston 1797-1808: prominent in putting 
 down ''Shay's Rebellion;" a heavy loser by the 
 war of 1812; published several political pamphlets; 
 died at Boston, Mass., November 22, 1828. 
 
 Hilborn, Samuel Greeley, was born at Jlinot, 
 
 An<lroscoggin County (then Cumberland), Me., 
 Decembers, 1834; educated in the connnon schools, 
 Hebron Academy, and Gould's Academy, Bethel, 
 Me., and Tufts College, Ma-ss., from which latter 
 institution he graduated in 18.59; read law, admit- 
 ted to the bar in 1861, and immediately went to 
 California; located at Vallejo, Solano County, and 
 engaged in the i)ractice of the law; serve<l in the 
 State senate from 1875 to 1879; member of the con- 
 stitutional convention in 1879; appointed United 
 j States district attorney fnr the district of California 
 in 1883, and mo\'eil to San Francisco, where he 
 
5i)6 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL J>IRKf,TORY. 
 
 re.«itle<l wliiU- tillinn tlu' otlice; oliuii(;rd liia rcM- 
 . denci' ti> (.lakland in 1^S7, cniitimiinn tin- law busi- 
 ness iinilor the lirm iituiie nt Hilburn & Hall in 
 San FniiKiseo; elected totlie Fil'ty-seeond Conftress 
 as a Hewilliliean to till the unexpired term of lion. 
 Jo^'jili JIcKenna, appoiuleil I'uiteil States eireuit 
 JHilfie; reelected to the Kilty-fourth and Kifty-lifth 
 Congresses; died April ID, ISHtt, at Washington, 
 D. ('. 
 
 Hildebrant, Charles Quinn, of Wilmington, 
 Ohio, was born in that eity October 17, ]8ti4; edu- 
 cated iu the public schools and for a few months 
 at Ohii State I'niversity, ("olunibus; elected clerk 
 of the courts of Clinton County in 1890, and 
 reeleete<l in 1893 and 1896; elected to the Fifty- 
 seventh and reelected to the Fifty-eighth Con- 
 gresses as a Republican. 
 
 Hill, Benjamin Harvey, was born in Jasper 
 County, (Ja., September 14, 1823; received a clas- 
 sical edui'ation, graduating from the l"nivcrsity of 
 Georgia, at Athens, in 1S44; studied law; admitted 
 to the bar in 1845, and commenced to practice at 
 Lagrange, (.ia. ; a member of the State house of 
 representatives of (ieorgia in 1851, 1859, and 18<>0; 
 defeated as the American candidate for Congress in 
 1855; defeated as the American candidate for gov- 
 ernor of Georgia in 1857; Presidential elector on 
 the Bell and F.verett ticket in ISOl; delegate tothe 
 State convention in 1S(>1, and advocated tliel'nion 
 until the secession ordinance had been adopteil; a 
 delegate from Georgia to the Confederate provis- 
 ional congress, and subsequently a senator from 
 Georgia to the Confederate congress; elected a 
 Representative to the Forty-fourth Congress (to 
 till tlie vacancy caused by the death of Garrett 
 McMillan) and reelected to the Forty-lifth Con- 
 gress, but resigne<l, having lieen elected to the 
 I'nited States Senate from (ieorgia; took his seat 
 JIarch 5, 1877; died at Atlanta, (ia., August 19, 
 1882. 
 
 Hill, Charles Augustus, was born at Truxton, 
 Cortland County. N. Y., August 23, 183.!; received 
 his early education in the common .schools and 
 select schools at (irillins .Mills during one winter; 
 in the spring of 1854 located in Will County, 111., 
 where he taught school for several years; in 18.5() 
 took a course at Bell's Commercial College, Chi- 
 cago; while teaching school read law; admitted to 
 the l)ar, and returned to \\"\U County, 111., in 18(>0, 
 and adniittcil to i)ractice in the courts of Illinois; 
 enlisted in Com]>any F, F.ighth Illinois Cavalry, 
 comm;uided by Colonel Karnsworth, in .\ugust, 
 1862, and immediately |>roceeded to Washington; 
 Wiisin the battle of Autietam, in the battles of 
 Beverly Ford, (iettysburg, tlie light at Falling 
 AVaters, and numerous small engagements; ap- 
 pointed first lieutenant First Regiment United 
 States Colored Troops; conunissioneil in 1865 cap- 
 tain of Company C, that regiment, and mustered 
 out September 29, 1865; present at the siege of 
 Petei-sburg, inbothe.xpeilitionsagiiinst Fort Fisher, 
 and the taking of Wilmington, X. ( .; joined (ien- 
 eral Sherman's forces at Coxs Bridu'e afl'r the bat- 
 tle o. Bentonville; with his command at Raleigh 
 when General. Johnston surrendered; after theclose 
 of the war served for some time on detached duty 
 as a me Viber of a court-martial sitting at Xewbern, 
 N. C; commanded a separate post at Eliziilx'th 
 City, N. C.and mustered out September 29, 1865, 
 with his regiment: returned to Will County, 111., 
 in I8(>5, and ojiened a law ollice at .Foliet; electe(l 
 State attorney in l.st>8 for the counties 4if Will 
 and <iruT_ijly,and declineii a renomination; electeil 
 to the l''"iTty-lirst Cougresa as a Kepublieau; after 
 
 expiration of his term in Congress resumed the 
 practice of law; in Deceml)er, 1896, apixiinted 
 assistant attorney-general of Illinois; die<l May 29, 
 1901. 
 
 Hill, Clement S., was a native of Kentucky, 
 electetl a Representative from Kentucky to the 
 Thirty-third Congress as an Independent Demo- 
 crat. 
 
 Hill, David Bennett, of KImira, X. Y., was 
 born at Havana, Schuyler (thenChemung)Coimty, 
 N. Y., August 29, 1843; graduated from the Ha- 
 vana Academy; stuili<Ml law in Khnira, and ad- 
 mitted to the ))ar in Xovember, l.S(i4, at the age of 
 21; within a few months appointecl city attorney; 
 in 1871 and again in 1872electetl from Chemung 
 County to the State assembly; president of the 
 Democratic State conventions in 1877 and 1881; 
 elected mayor of KImira in 1882; ]ir<'siilcnt of the 
 Xew York State bar as.«ociation in is.si and :igain 
 in 1887; chosen lieutenant-governor of the State 
 in Xovember, 1882: birame governor, in the ])lace 
 of Grover Cleveland, in January, 18S5; elected 
 governor in November, 1885; reelected in 1888, 
 ami in 1891 electe<I to the I'nited States Senate as 
 a Democrat to 8Uccee<l William M. Kvarts; after 
 his retirement from Congress resumed the jirac- 
 tice of law. 
 
 Hill, Ebenezer J., of Xorwalk, Conn., was 
 boni at Redding, Conn., Augu.«t 4, 1845; prepared 
 for college at the ]>ublic school in Xorwalk and 
 entered Yale in the class of 1865; in 1892 received 
 from Y'ale T'niversity the honorary degree of 
 master of arts; in 1863 joined the Army as a civil- 
 ian, and remained until the close of the war; en- 
 gaged in business from that time until elected to 
 the Fifty-fourth Congress; hel<l the commercial 
 positions of secretary and treasurer of the Xorwalk 
 Iron Works, president of the Xorwalk Street Rail- 
 way Company, president of the Xorwalk Gaslight 
 Company, vice-president of the Xorwalk Mills 
 Comi>any, and vice-president of the Xational Bank 
 of Xorwalk; past grand miister and past grand 
 representative of the Independent Order of Odd 
 Fellows of Connectiiut; served twice as burgess of 
 Xorwalk, twice as chairman of the board of school 
 visitors; the Fourth district delegate to the national 
 Rej)ublican convention of 1884; member of the 
 Connecticut senate f<ir 1886-87; served one term 
 on the Republican State central committee; electe<l 
 to the Fitty-fourth, Fiftv-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fiftv- 
 seventh, and Fifty-eightlj Congres.ses as a Re])ul>- 
 lican. 
 
 Hill, Hugh Ii. W. , \vas a native of Tennessee; 
 elected a Representative from that State to the 
 Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Hill, Isaac, was born at Somerville, Miuss., 
 April ti, 1788; receiveil a limiteil education; in 
 1798 moved with his i>arents near Ashburnham, 
 Ma.ss.; apprentice toa printer; moved toConcord, 
 where he purcha.<ed a |ia|K'r, and for twenty years 
 edited the Xi>w Hampsnire Patriot; served several 
 terms iu both branches of the legislature; can- 
 didate for the I'nilcil States Senate in 1828, Init 
 defeated; Second Comptroller of the Unite<i 
 States Treasury 182!t-3(); elected a Cnited States 
 Senator from New Hampshire as a Demoi-rat ami 
 served from Decemln^r 5, 1831, to May 28. 18.3t>, 
 when he handed in his n'signation, to take effect 
 May .30, iiaving l)een elected governor of Xew 
 Hainpshire, 18,36-18;W; 1840-H was Cnited States 
 subtreasnrer at Boston; editor and publisher of 
 llill's New Hampshire Patriot I840-1847; died at 
 Washington, 1>. C, March 22, 1S51. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 597 
 
 Hill, John, was a native of Buckingham County, 
 Va. ; received a liberal education; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Virginia to the Twenty-sixth 
 Congress. 
 
 Hill, Jolm, was a native of Crawford, N. C; 
 education limited; a member of the North Caro- 
 lina house of commons 1819-1822 and of the State 
 senate 1.S23-1S26; elected a Representative from 
 North Carolina to the Twenty -sixth Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Hill, John, of Boonton, N. J., was born at 
 Catskill, N. Y., June 10, 1821; received a private 
 school education; engaged in mercantile pursuits; 
 located at Boonton, N. J., where he held several 
 local offices; a member of the State assembly of 
 New .Tersey in 1861, 1862, and 1866, serving during 
 the last year as speaker; active in raising troops 
 for the Vnion Army during the war for the sup- 
 pression of the rebellion; electe<l to the Fortieth 
 and reelected to the Forty-first and Forty-second 
 Congresses; elected in 1874 to the State senate of 
 New Jersey and served for three years; elected to 
 the Fortv-seventh Congress as a Republican; died 
 July 24,"lS84, at Boont;on, N. J. 
 
 Hill, Joshua, was born in Abbeville District, 
 S. C, January 10, 1812; attended the public schools; 
 studied law and adnutted to the bar; moved to 
 Madison, Ga. , where he began the practice of law; 
 elected a Representative from Georgia to the 
 Thirty-fifth Congress as an American; reelected to 
 the Thirty-sixth Congress, but resigned January 
 23, 1861; appointed collector of customs at Savan- 
 nah in 1866; appointed register in bankruptcy in 
 1867; elected a United Stsites Senator from Geor- 
 gia, serving from February 1, 1871, to March 3, 
 1873; member of the State constitutional conven- 
 tion in 1877; died at Madison, Ga., March 6, 1891. 
 
 Hill, Mark L. , was born in Biddeford, ^Mass. 
 (now jNIaine), June 30, 1772; attended the public 
 schools; served in both branches of the jNIassachu- 
 setts legislature; a judge of the court of common 
 pleas; elected a Representative from ^Massachusetts 
 to the Sixteenth Congress; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Maine to the Seventeenth Congress; col- 
 lector of customs at Bath, Me.; overseer of 
 Bowdoin College several vears; died at Phipps- 
 burg. Me., November 26, 1842. 
 
 Hill, Nathaniel P. , was born at ^Montgomery, 
 N. Y., February 18, 1832; entered Brown Univer- 
 sity at Providence, B. I., in 1853; jirofessor in 
 chemistry in Brown University from 1860 to 1864; 
 spent a portion of 1865 and 1866 in Swansea, 
 Wales, and Freiberg, Saxony, studying metal- 
 lurgy; took up a permanent residence in Colorado 
 in 1867 as manager of the Boston and Colorado 
 Smelting Company; member of the Territorial 
 council of Colorado in 1872 and 1873; elected to 
 the United States Senate as a Republican to suc- 
 ceed Jerome B. Chaffee, Republican, and took his 
 seat March 18, 1879; after his retirement from the 
 United States Senate he devoted himself to mining, 
 and was quite successful; died May 22, 1900, at 
 Denver, Colo. 
 
 Hill, Ralph, was born in Johnson County, 
 Ohio, October 12, 1827; received an academic edu- 
 cation; studied law and admitted to the bar; 
 moved to Columbus, Ind., where he began prac- 
 ticing; elected a Representative from Indiana to 
 the Thirty-ninth Congress. 
 
 Hill, William D. , of Defiance, Ohio, wa.s born 
 in Nelson County, Va., October 1, 1833; educated in 
 country schools and Antioch College; studied law 
 
 at Springfield, Ohio; admitted to the bar in 1S60, 
 and practiced law; mayor of Springfield, Ohio; 
 member of the State house of representatives of 
 Ohio 1866-1869; ai)pointed sui)erintendent of in- 
 surance by Governor Allen in 1875 and served 
 three years; elected to the Forty-sixth Congress 
 as a Democrat; reelected to the Forty-eighth and 
 Forty-ninth Congresses; resumed the practice of 
 law at Defiance, Ohio, after leaving Congress. 
 
 Hill, Whitmill, was born in Bertie County, 
 N. C, February 12, 1743; graduated from the Uni- 
 versity of Pennsylvania; prominently connected 
 with the early Revolutionary movements: delegate 
 to the assembly of freemen at Hillsboro in 1775 
 and the State congress at Halifaxin 1776; member 
 of the houseof commonsof North Carolina inl777 
 and of the State senate in 1778-1780, 1784-85; Del- 
 egate from North Carolina to the Continental Con- 
 gress 1778-1781; died at Hills Ferrv, N. C, Sep- 
 tember 12, 1797. 
 
 Hill, 'Williain H. , was a native of North Caro- 
 lina; studied law and admitted to the bar; elected 
 a Representative from North Carolina to the Sixth 
 and Seventh Congresses; judge of the United States 
 district court for North Carolina; died in 1809. 
 
 Hillen, Solomon, jr., was born in Baltimore 
 County, Md., in 1813; graduated from Georgetown 
 College; studied law and admitted to the bar; be- 
 gan practice at Baltimore; member of the State 
 hou.ue of representatives 1834-1838; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Maryland to the Twenty-sixth 
 Congress as a Democrat; mayor of Baltimore 1842- 
 1845; on account of ill health resigned. 
 
 Hillhouse, James, was born at Montville, 
 Conn., October21, 17.54; graduated from Yale Col- 
 lege in 1773; studied law and admitted to the bar; 
 located at New Haven, where he began the practice 
 of his profession; served in the Revolutionary war; 
 elected as a Re]iresentative from Connecticut to 
 the Second and Third Congresses as a Federalist; 
 elected a United States Senator from Connecticut 
 (vice Oliver Ellsworth, resigned), serving from 
 May, 1796, until June 10, 1810, when he resigned 
 to become commissioner of the school fund, which 
 he held until 1825; member of the Hartford con- 
 vention; trea,surerof Yale College 1782-1832; died 
 at New Haven, C.mn., December 29, 1832. 
 
 Hillhouse, William (father of James Hill- 
 house), was born at JNlontville, Conn., August 25, 
 1728; received a liberal education; studied law and 
 admitted to the bar; served fifty years in the colo- 
 nial and State house of representatives; judge of 
 the court of common pleas for forty years; Dele- 
 gate from Coimecticut to the Continental Congress 
 1783-1786; died at Montville, Conn., Januarv 12, 
 1816. 
 
 Hilliard, Henry Washington, was born at 
 Fayetteville, N. C, August 4, 1808; received a 
 liberal education ami graduated from the South 
 Carolina College in 1826; studied law and moved to 
 .\thens, Ga., where he was admitted to the bar in 
 1829; professor of the University of Alabama 1831- 
 1834, when he resigned to practice law at Mont- 
 gomery; elected to the State legi.-'lature 1836-1838; 
 member of the AVhig national convention in 1839, 
 and in 1840 a Whig Presidential elector; charg^ 
 d'affaires to Belgium May 12, 1842, to August 15, 
 1844; elected a Representative from Alabama to 
 the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-first Con- 
 gresses as a Whig; resumed the practice of law; 
 served in the Confederate army; n.oved to Geor- 
 gia; defeated as the Republican candidate for the 
 Forty-fifth Congress; appointed by Jefferson Davis, 
 
5'.»8 
 
 OONORESSIONAI, DIKKCTOKY. 
 
 Confi'derato oiininitisioner to TeniU'R-JW; Htrved lis 
 11 liripiiiiiT-(.'fii(.'nil in llio t'lmfcilcratf army; 
 nsiiiiii'd pnutici' at AufiUfta, (ia., tlicrn'e nioviil 
 to Atlanta; riiitoil States ininist«"r to Hrazil 1X77- 
 18,S1; ilif<lat Atlanta, tia., IXvenibi-r 17, 18'JL'. 
 
 Hillyer, Junius, wiim liorn in Wilkes rountv, 
 Gn.. April 2:i, 1H07; v'ra.luateil from tlie Slate Uni- 
 versityat Alliensin ISL'S; stii<iie(l lawaiul ailniittecl 
 to the l>ar; l)e;;an prartii'in;; at Athens; electeil 
 golieitor-fieiieral for the western district of ( ieorjiia 
 in 1SI54; elected a Representative from (ieorfiia to 
 the Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat; re- 
 elei-ted to thcThirty-thirdConj^ress; sol'citorof tlu" 
 rnili'd States 'I" reasnry, lleieinher 1, lsr)7, to Keb- 
 riiarv 1 I, IStil, when he resigned; died at Decatur, 
 Cia.,"June21, !}<««. 
 
 Hiudman, Thomas C, was horn in Tennessee 
 in Novendier, ISIS; attemli'd the imhlie schools; 
 stiidieil law and admitted to the bar; be-pm jirac- 
 ticein Mississipni; servdl in the Mexican war w ith 
 tlie Mississippi Volunteers; moved to Helena, Ark.; 
 elected a Representative fnini Arkansas to the 
 Thirty-sixth Conjiress as a Democrat; reelected to 
 the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Secessionist, but 
 did not take Ids seat; appointed bripidier-sreneral 
 in the Southern army, September I'S. ISlil, and 
 major-general in ISiiL'; served throuirhout the war; 
 went to Texas, and returned to Helena in 181)8, 
 wliere he died September 28, 1868. 
 
 Hindman, William, was tiorn in Dorchester 
 County, Md.. April 1, Ki:); received a classical 
 education; elected a Representative from that State 
 to the Second C'onjrress, vice J. Seney, resigninl; 
 reelected to the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Con- 
 jrresses, aerving from .Tanuary liO, 17!t.'i, to 179il; 
 ap))ointed United States Senator from ^hiryland 
 (vice James Lloyd, resigned), servin;: from De- 
 cember 15, 18(H),' to March H, 1801; reapiiointed, 
 serviii;: from March r>. 1801, until November 19, 
 1801; <li.>tl at Baltimore, >[d., .lanuary 2t>, 1822. 
 
 Hinds, James, was horn at Hebron, N. Y., 
 December n, ls:^S; received a lil)eral education; 
 studied law; jjraduati'd from the Cincinnati Law- 
 Col le^re in 18o(i, commencing' juactice in .Minnesota; 
 served in the I'nion .\rniy as a jprivale; settled at 
 Little Rock, Ark.; deUv'iite to the State constitu- 
 tional convention; appointed as a commissioner to 
 codify the State laws; elected a Representative from 
 .Vrkansas to the Fortieth ("onjrress, servinir from 
 June 24, 1868, until he <lie.l at Monroe, Ark., 
 0.->..l)er22, 1868. 
 
 Hinds, Thomas, was born in 177."i; located at 
 tireeiiville. Miss.; served in the war of 1812; 
 elected a Representative from Mississippi to the 
 Twentieth ('onj;re.-iS as a Democrat (vice William 
 llaile. re.sijrned), ami reelecteil to the Twenty-fii-st 
 ('on).'re.ss, ."ervinj; from December 8, 1S28, until 
 March '.i, 18:!1; died at (ireenville, Miss., .Vujinst 
 2.1, 1840. 
 
 Hines, Richard, was native of lvl-;eoombe 
 County. N. (". ; elected a Representative from 
 North Carolina to the Nineteenth Congress; moved 
 to Raleich, where lie died November. IS.M. 
 
 Hines, William H. , of \Vilke.«barre, I'a., was 
 born at r.r.ioklyn, N. Y., March l.'i, 18.'>6; educated 
 in the jiublic .silmols ami Wyominjr .Seminary; 
 admitted to the bar in Luzerne County in 1881; 
 amemlieroi the housei^f representatives of Penn- 
 sylvania l.s7t>-18S0aiiil lSS:!-84; electeil to the sen- 
 ate of I'eniisvlvania in 18.88 for a term of four 
 vears; elected to the Fifty-thiril Congress as ii 
 IX'iiiocrat. 
 
 Hinrichsen, William H., of Jacksonville, 111., 
 was born at iTanklin, May 27, 1H.')0; e<lueated in 
 the public schools and the State I'niversity at 
 ('hampaij;n. 111.; elected to the ollice of justice of 
 the |)eace in 1871 and riH^lected in 187.S; appointetl 
 dejuity sheriff of his county in 1874, ami serv«?<l 
 three terms in that position; elected sheriff in 
 18.H0; elected clerk of the house of representatives 
 of Illinois in l.siM; electi'il .seiretary of state in 
 
 l.si»2; deUwite at larjie to the Del ratii' national 
 
 convention of 18!t6; servtil as a member of the 
 Democratic State committee since 1888, and was 
 chairman of it in 18it.'>; elected to the Fifty-fifth 
 ('on(,'ress as a l)emocrat. 
 
 Hires, George, of Salem, N. J., wa.s born in 
 Salem County, January 26, l.H.'l."); received a com- 
 mon school and commereial education; has been 
 en^'ajied in the mercantile ainl manufacturing 
 business since 18.').t; electedsheriff of .Salem County 
 in 1867, 1.S68, and 186!l; elected State senator from 
 Salem County in 1881 for three years; elected to 
 the Forty-ninth Congress as a Republican; re- 
 elected to the Fiftieth Congress. 
 
 Hiscock, Frank, of Syracuse, N. Y., was Iwrn 
 at I'ompey, Seplcndier 6, l.s.'i4; receiveil an aca- 
 demic education; studied law, ailmitted to the 
 bar in 18.5."), and commeiu-i'd ]iractice at Tully, 
 Onondaga County; elected district attorney of 
 Onondaga Cimnty, serving from 1860 to 186,'}; a 
 member of the State constitutional convention in 
 1867; electeil to the Forty-lifth Congress, and re- 
 elected to the Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty- 
 eiglith, Forly-nintii, and Fiftieth Congresses; 
 elect eti to the I 'nited States i^enate as a Republican 
 to succeed Warner Miller. 
 
 Hise, Elijah, was born in Kentucky, .luly 4, 
 1802; defeated as Democratic candidate for lieu- 
 tenant-governor in 18:!6; charge d'affaires to (iua- 
 temala.March .SI, 1848, to June 21. 1.84!l; 1're.si- 
 dential elector on the Democr.itic ticket in 1.8.=)6; 
 electetl a Representative from Kentucky to the 
 Thirty-ninth Congre.ss as a Democrat (vice Henry 
 (irider, ilecea.sed ), serving from December '.i, 1S66, 
 to 1867; reelected to the Fortieth Congress; dietl 
 at Rus.sellville, Ky., May 8. l.><67. 
 
 Hitchcock. Peter, was born at Cheshire, Conn., 
 Octolier 111, 17S1; ]mrsiied ehtssical studiet" and 
 graduated from Yale College in 1801; .studied law 
 and admitted to the bar in 1804; began practice at 
 Cheshire; moved to (Jeauga County, Ohio; State 
 representative in IsiOand a State senator in 1812- 
 1816; elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
 Fifteenth Congress; judge of the supreme court of 
 Ohio 1824-1.><.')2; a portion uf that time was chief 
 justice; delegate to the State constitutional con- 
 vention of 18.50; died at I'ainesville. Ohio. Mav 
 11, IS.'?:?. 
 
 Hitchcock, Phineas W., of Nebntska, wils 
 born at New Ivebaiioii, N. Y., November :10, 18;!1; 
 graduated from Williams College, Ma.ssaehiisetis, 
 in 18."i.i; studied law and admitted to the liar; began 
 l>ractice in Nebniska in l.s')7; delegate to the Re- 
 publican convention at Chicago in 1860; apjioiiitetl 
 I'nited States marshal in 1861, resigning in 1.S64, 
 having been elected a Delegate to the Thirly-iiinth 
 Congri.ss; two years surveyor-general of Nebraska; 
 fnited States Senator from Nebniska as a Repub- 
 lican 1871-1877; dieil at Omaha, Nebr., July 10, 
 1.881. 
 
 Hitt, Robert Roberts, of Mount ibirris, 111., 
 wiis born at I'riiana, liiiio, January Ki, 18,'{4; 
 moved to Ogle County, 111., in 181(7; iilucatetl at 
 Rock River Seminary (now .Mount Morris College.! 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 599 
 
 and at De Pauw University; reported Lincoln- 
 Douglas debates in 1858; tirst secretary of legation 
 and charge d'affaires a<l interinr at Paris from De- 
 cember, 1874, until March, 1881; Assistant Secre- 
 tary of State in 1881; regent of the Smithsonian 
 Institution and chairman of the Committee of For- 
 eign Affairs; commissionertothe Hawaiian Islands 
 in 1898; elected to the Forty-seve ith Congress No- 
 vember 7, 1882, to fill the vacancy occasioned bv 
 the death of Hon. R. M. A. Hawk; elected to the 
 Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fifiieth. Fifty-first, 
 Fifty-second, Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-tifth, 
 Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Con- 
 gresses as a Republican. 
 
 Hoag', Truman H., wasbornat Manlius, X. Y., 
 April y, IsUi; attended the public schools; a clerk 
 in a store at Syracuse 18i;_-18;W; in the steamboat 
 business on Lake ( )ntario in 1842, moving to Toledo 
 in 1848; elec-ted a Representative from (.)hio as a 
 Democrat to the Forty-tirst Congress, serving un- 
 til February..'!, I.s70, when he died, at Washington, 
 D. C. 
 
 Hoagland, Moses, \vas a nati\-e of Oliio; at- 
 tended the public schools; studied law and admitted 
 to the bar; connnenred practice at Millersburg; 
 elected a Representative from Ohio as a Democrat 
 to the Thirty-first Congress; appointed I'nited 
 States judge for Washington Territory. 
 
 Hoar. Ebenezer Rockwood (son of Samuel, 
 and lirothei' of tieorge Fristiie Hoar) , was born at 
 Concord, !Mass., Feliruary 21, 1816; pur.sued clas- 
 sical studies and graduated from Harvard College in 
 1835; admitted to the liar in 1840; began practice 
 at Concord and Boston, .Mass.; elected State sena- 
 tor in 1846 as an antislr.very Whig; prominent in 
 the Free Soil party movement; judge of the court 
 of common pleas 1849-1855; judge of the State 
 supreme court 1859-1861); Attorney-General of the 
 Lfnited States March, 1869, until his resignation, 
 June, 1870; nominated for associate justice of the 
 Ignited States Supreme Court, but not confirmed 
 by the Senate; a member of the Joint High Com- 
 mission which framed the treaty of Washington 
 in 1871; elected a Representative from Massa- 
 chusetts as a Republican to the Forty-third Con- 
 gress; member of the board of overseers of Harvard 
 College 1868-1880, and 1881-1882; died at Concord, 
 ifass., January 31, 1895. 
 
 Hoar, George Frisbie, of Worcester, was born 
 at Concord, Mass., August 29, 1826; studied in 
 early youth at Concord Academy; graduated from 
 Harvard College in 1846; studied law and gradu- 
 ated from the Dane Law School, Harvanl Cniver- 
 sity; settled at Worcester, where he practiced; 
 city solicitor in 1860; president of the trustees of 
 the city library; member of the State house of 
 representatives in 1852 and of the State senate in 
 1857; elected a Representative to the Forty-first, 
 Forty-second, Forty-third, and Forty-fourth Con- 
 gresses; declined a renomination for Representative 
 to the Forty-fifth Congress; overseer of Harvard 
 College 1874-1880; declined reelection, but re- 
 elected in 1896 and again for six years in 1900; 
 president of the Association of the Alumni of 
 Harvard; presided over the Jlassachusetts State 
 Republican conventions of 1871, 1877, 1882, and 
 1885; delegate to tlie Republican national conven- 
 tions of 1876atCincinnatiandof 1880, 1884, and 1888 
 at Chicago, presiding over the convention of 1880; 
 chairman of the Massachusetts delegation in 1880, 
 1884, and 18S8; one of the managers on the part of 
 the House of Representatives of the Belknap im- 
 peachment trial in 1876; meml>er of the Electoral 
 Commission in 1876; regent of the Smithsonian 
 
 Institution in 1880; president and vice-president 
 of the American .\ntiijuarian Society; president of 
 the American Historical Association; president 
 board of trnstees of Clark University 1900; trustee 
 of the Peabody Museum of .\rch;eology; trustee of 
 Leicester Academy; member of the Massachusetts 
 Historical Society, of the .4mei'ican Historical 
 Society, the Historic-Cenealogical Society, the 
 Virginia Historical Society ; fellow of the American 
 Aca<lemy of Arts and Sciences and corresponding 
 member of the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and 
 Sciences; trustee of the Peabody fund; received 
 the degree of doctor of laws fnjm William and 
 Mary, Amherst, Yale, Harvard, and Dartmouth 
 colleges; elected to the United States Senate as a 
 Republican to succeed George S. Boutwell; took 
 Ids seat March 5, 1877, and reelected in 1883, 1889, 
 LSi)5, and 1901. 
 
 Hoar, Samuel ( father of E. R. and G. F. Hoar), 
 was born at Lincoln, Mass., May 18, 1778; pur.sued 
 classical studies, and graduated from Cambridge in 
 1802; for two years a private tutor in Virginia; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar in 1805; began 
 practice at Concord, Mass.; delegate to the State 
 constitutional convention in 1820; State senator in 
 1825and 1833; elected a Representative from Massa- 
 chusetts as a Whig to the Twenty-fourth Congress; 
 prominently connected with several charitable, 
 historical, and scientific societies; died at Concord, 
 Mass., November 2, 1856. 
 
 Hoar, Sherman, was born at Concord, Mass., 
 July 30, I860; educated in the public schools of 
 his native village, at Phillips Exeter Academy, 
 at Harvard University, and Harvard Law School; 
 a lawyer; trustee of Phillips Exeter Academy and 
 director of the American Unitarian Association; 
 elected to the Fifty-second Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; United States district attorney for district 
 of Mas.sachusetts 189.3-1897; died October 7, 1898, 
 at Concord, Mass. 
 
 Hoard, Charles B., was born at Springfield, 
 Vt., June 28, 1S05; attended the public schools; 
 moved to Antwerp, N. Y., and thence to Water- 
 town, where he was postmaster during the Adndn- 
 istrations of Jackson and Van Buren; a State 
 representative in 1838; clerk of Jefferson County 
 1844-1846; elected a Representative from New 
 York as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth and 
 Thirty-sixth Congresses; died at Ceredo, W. Va. 
 
 Hobart, Aaron, was born at AVjington, Mass., 
 June 26, 17S7; juirsued classical studies and grad- 
 uated from Brown LTniversity in 1805; studied law 
 at East Bridgewater; admitted to the bar in 1819 
 and began practicing at Abington; resumed prac- 
 tice at Hanover in 1811; in 1824 moved to East 
 Bridgewater; State representative in 1814, and 
 State senator in 1819; elected a Representative 
 from Massachusetts as a Democrat to the Six- 
 teenth Congress ( vice Zabdiel Samjison, resigned), 
 and reelected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and 
 Nineteenth Congresses, executive councilor 1827- 
 1831; judge of probate 1843-1858; died at East 
 Bridgewater, Mass., July 19, 1858. 
 
 Hobart, John Sloss, was oorn at Fairfield, 
 Conn., in 1738; pursued classical studies and grad- 
 uate<l from Yale College in 1757; studied law, ad- 
 mitted to the bar, and began practice in New York 
 State; deputy to the jirovincial convention in 1775; 
 Delegate to the Provincial Congre.ss 1775-1777 a 
 puisne justice of the supreme court 1777-1798; 
 elected a United States Senator from New York 
 (vice Philip Scliuy.er, resigned), serving from 
 February 2, 1798, to April, i798, resigning to accept 
 
600 
 
 roNORESSIONAL niRECTOUY. 
 
 the appointiuont as judjn' nf tho I'ihUmI Stiites dis- 
 trict cDUit i>f New York; dii'il rttniiary -1. IW)'). 
 
 Hobbie, Selah R., wan tioni at Ncvvburgh, 
 N. v., Man'li lit, 17!»7; stmliud law, a<linitted to 
 tlie Imr, and l)i'(;aii |irartire at Di'llii; district 
 attoriu-y nf l)i'la\varc Cniinty, 1 S'.'.S- 1 Hl'7 ; served 
 in the militia; elected a Kepresentative from New 
 York as a Jackson Democrat In the Twentieth 
 ("oiitiress; Second Assistant Postmaster-* ielieral 
 18l';i-lS.'!li, an<l First Assistant ISHli-lS'il, resi^'ninn 
 on aii<innt of ill liealth; a^ain Kirst Assistant 
 I'ostmaster-lieneral March L'l', IS'>.'{, to his death, 
 at WashinfTton, D. C, March I'.i, 1S54. 
 
 Hoblitzell, Fetter S., i^f Baltimore, Md., was 
 liorn in Cuinlierland, Md., (,»ctoher 7, IHSS; edu- 
 eute<l in the Alle^anv Academy, and stndied law; 
 practiced his jirofession in the city of liallimore in 
 1H59; served as a i>rivale in the First Maryland 
 Regiment of Infantry, (,'onfederate States army; 
 at the close of the war resumeil the profession of 
 law; elected a memher of the lejrislatnre in 1870 
 and 1S7(>, and reelected in lS7.Sand chosen speaker 
 of the honse of delcfiates by the \nianiiiious vote 
 of his j)arty; elected to the Forty-seventh Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; reelected to the Forty-eighth 
 Congress. 
 
 Hodges, Asa, was horn January 22, 1828; 
 moved to Marion, Ark.; .-studied law; admitted to 
 the bar in 1849 and practice<l until IStiO; delegate 
 to the State constitutional convention in IStiO; 
 elected a State representative in isti.s, and elected 
 in 1870 a State senator for four years; elected a 
 Representative from .\rkansas to the Forty-third 
 Congre.ss as a Repnhlican. 
 
 Hodges, Charles D., lived at Carrollton, 111.; 
 elected a l\epresi-ntati\e from that State to the 
 Thirty-fifth Congrc-s (vice Thomas L. Harris, de- 
 ceased), serving from Januarv, 1859, to March 3, 
 1859. 
 
 Hodges, George T. , was born at Clarendon, 
 Vt., July 4, 1789; attended the connnon schools; 
 a merchant at Rutland; served several terms in 
 both branches of the Stale legislature; president of 
 the Rank of Kutland for over twcTity-live years; 
 elected a Representative from Vermont as a Re- 
 publiian to the Thirty-fourth Congress ( vice James 
 Meacham, deceased), serving from December 1, 
 1856, to March 3, 1857; died at Rutland, Vt., Sep- 
 tember 9, 1860. 
 
 Hodges, James L., was born in Bristol County, 
 ^la.ss., August 7, 17W; atteniled the common 
 schools; State senator 182.'5-24; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Ma.ssachusetts to the Twentieth, 
 Twenty-first, and Twentv-second Congres.ses; died 
 in Bristol Count'-, Ma,-s.", March 8, 1846. 
 
 Hoffecker, John Henry, was born Septem- 
 ber 12, 1827, at Mansion House, on a farm near 
 Smyrna, Del.; attended i)ublicand i)rivate schools 
 in that town; grailuati-il in civil engineering; 
 opened an office in Smyrna, in 185:{, as surveyor 
 and conveyancer, ami |>ursuc<l the busine.ss con- 
 tinuously to 1889; elected delegate to the Repub- 
 lican national convention at Cincinnati in 1876, 
 and at Chicago in 1884; elected a member of the 
 general a.-'.sembly in 1888, and on January 1, 1889, 
 chosen sfK'aker of the house of representatives; 
 elected president fif town council in 1878, and 
 served continuously by reelection to 1898; elected 
 to the Fiftv-si.\th Congress as a Republican; died 
 June 16, 1900. 
 
 HofTecker, Walter Oakley (.-"onof .lohn Henry 
 Hoffeckeri, ol Smyrna, Del., was lK)rn Septendjer 
 
 20, 1854, on his father's farm near that town; at- 
 tended public schools; gniduati'd from Smyrna 
 Seminary in 1872; in S<'ptember, I87:i. entered 
 I.ehigb i'niversity; studied civil engiui'ering and 
 followeil that profession; al.so engaged in farndng 
 and the caninng business; president of Philadel- 
 phia and .'^myrnaTrans|iorlationComi)any; elected 
 to the Fifty-sixth Congress sis a Republican, to (ill 
 the vacancy occasione<l bv the death of his father; 
 took his seat De.endierU', 1900. 
 
 Hoffman, Henry W., wa.sa native of Maryland; 
 attended the iiublii- schools; elected a Representa- 
 tive from .Maryland to tlie Thirty-fourth Congress 
 as an .\nieriian; defeated for reelection to the 
 Thirty-hfth Congress; elected Sergeant-at-.\rmsof 
 the llou.se in the Thirty-si.xth Congress; collector 
 of customs at Baltimore 1861-18t>6. 
 
 Hoffhian, Michael, was born at Clifton Park, 
 N. v., in 1788; received an academic education; 
 stndied meilicine anil the law; admitted to the bar 
 and began practice at Herkimer; elected a Repre- 
 .sentative from New York as a Democrat to the 
 Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty- 
 .seeond Congresses; canal commissioner of New 
 Y'ork 183:j-18.'i5; register of the land otfii-e at Sagi- 
 naw, III., in 18.'i6; returned to Herkimer, N. Y.; 
 State representative in 1841, 1842, and 1844; dele- 
 gilte to the State constitutional convention in 1846; 
 naval oHicer of New Viirk Citv; died at Bmoklvn 
 September 27, 1848, 
 
 Hoffman. Ogden, was born at New York City 
 May H, 179:i; pursuetl cliussical stn<lies and grad- 
 uated from Columbia College in 1812: served for 
 time years in the Navy; studied law; admitted to 
 the bar, and began jiractice in Orange Count v; dis- 
 trict attorney ol that county 182.S-182(>; returned 
 to New York City; State rei>re.';entative in 1S28; 
 district attorney of the city and county of .New 
 York 1829-1835; elected a Representative from 
 New Y'ork to the Twenty-lifth and Twenty-sixth 
 Congresses as a Whig; I'liited States district attor- 
 ney at New York 1841-1845; attorney-general of 
 the State Novi inber 8, 18.5.'{, to NovendxT 7, 18.55; 
 died at New York City May 1, 1856. 
 
 Hogan, John, was horn at Mallow, County 
 Cork, Ireland, .lamiary 2, 1805; emigrjited to the 
 I'nited States in 1817; located at Baltimore; ap- 
 l)ro'nticed to learn the shoemaker's trade; received 
 a limited education; went West in 1826, and in 
 1831 entered into mercantile business at Mailison, 
 111.; member of the State legislature in 1836; regis- 
 ter of the land office at Dixon, 111., 1841-1845; 
 moved to St. Louis, .\lo., and engaged in banking 
 and mercantile jiursuits; postmaster at St. Louis 
 1857-1861; elected a Representative from MisL-^ouri 
 to the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Hogan, William, «as born at New York City 
 in 1792: when young went to Ca)H> Colony where 
 he studieil the Dutch language: returneil to New 
 York; pursueil classical studies, and graduated 
 from Columbia College; studied law; ailmitted 
 to the bar; founded the town of Hoganshurg, 
 Franklin County; county juilge of the lounty; 
 elected a Re|>resentative from New York to the 
 Twenty-second Congress as a Jackson Democrat; 
 clerk in the State Department at Washington, 
 I). C, 1850-1S(!0; died at Washington, D. C., al>out 
 1875. 
 
 Hoge, John (brother of William Hogei, was 
 iKirn near Carlisle. Pa., SeptendK-r 10. 1760; re- 
 ceiveil a lilieral eilucation; servml in the Revolu- 
 tionary war; moved to western Pennsylvania in 
 1782, where he founded the town of Washington; 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 601 
 
 delegate to the State constitutional convention; 
 member of the State senate 1790-1795; elected a 
 Kepresentative from Pennsylvania to the Eighth 
 Congress, vice William Hoge, resigned: died near 
 Washington, Pa., August -1, 1824. 
 
 Hoge, John Blair, (pf Martinsburg, W. Va., 
 was Ixirn at Richmond, Va., February 2, 1825; 
 educated for the bar and admitted to practice 
 in April, 1845; chosen president of the Bank of 
 Berkeley in Virginia in 1853; served in the Vir- 
 ginia house of delegates 1855 to 1859; delegate 
 from Virginia to the Democratic convention of 
 1860 at Charleston and Baltimore; entere<l the 
 Confederate service, and served in line and staff 
 until paroled in 1865; subsequently engaged in 
 journalism; resumed the practice of law in West 
 Virginia in 1870; elected to the constitutional 
 convention of that State in 1871; member of 
 the national Democratic committee 1872-1876; 
 judge of the-third judicial circuit in 1872, which 
 office he resigned iu August, 1880; elected to the 
 Forty-seventh Congress as a Democrat; appointed 
 United States district attorney for the District of 
 Columbia; died in Martinsburg, W. Va., March 
 1, 1896. 
 
 Hoge, Joseph P. , was anative of Ohio; received 
 a common school education; moved to Illinois and 
 located at Galena; studied law and admitted to the 
 bar; held several local ottit'es; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Illinois to the Twenty-eightli and 
 Twenty-ninth C'ongresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Hoge, Solomon LaFayette, was bornin Logan 
 County, < Ihio, about 18:;7; received a classical edu- 
 cation; studied law at the Cincinnati Law School 
 and graduated in 18.59; began practicing at Belle- 
 fontaine; entered the Knion Army in 1861 as first 
 lieutenant in the Ohio volunteer infantry and 
 promoted to captain; wounded at the second bat- 
 tle of Bull Run; aided in the reconstruction of 
 South Carolina, and elected associate justice of the 
 supreme court; elected a Representative from 
 South Carolina to the Forty-tirst Congress as a 
 Republican; comptroller-general of South Carolina 
 1874-75; elected to the Forty-fifth Congress. 
 
 Hoge, William, was born near Carlisle, Pa., in 
 1 762 ; received a limited education ; moved to western 
 Pennsylvania in 1782, and with his brother, John, 
 founded the town of Washington, Pa.; elected a 
 Representative from Pennsylvania to the Seventh 
 and Eighth Congresses, resigning in 1804; elected 
 to the Tenth Congress; died at Washington, Pa., 
 September 25, 1814. 
 
 Hogeboom, James L. , of New York, was a 
 member of the New York State house of represent- 
 atives, 1804-5 and 1808; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Eighteenth Congress. 
 
 Hogg, Charles E., of Point Pleasant, W. Va., 
 was born December 21, 1852; received a common 
 school education; studied law, and began its prac- 
 tice in May, 1875; served four years as county 
 superintendent of free schools of Mason County, 
 1875-1879; chosen a Democratic Presidential elector 
 in 1884; elected to the Fiftieth Congress as a Dem- 
 ocrat; resumed the practice of law after leaving 
 Congress. 
 
 Hogg, Samuel, was a native of Virginia; elected 
 a Representative from Tennessee to the Fifteenth 
 Congress. 
 
 Holbrook, E. D., was born at Elyria, Ohio, in 
 1836; attended the jiublic schools; studied law and 
 admitted to practice; removed to Idaho City, Idaho 
 T. ; elected a Delegate from Idaho Territory to the 
 
 Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses as a Demo- 
 crat; died at Idaho City June 18, 1870. 
 
 Holcomb, George, was born at Lambertsville, 
 N. J., in 1786; received a liberal education, and in 
 1805 graduated from Princeton College; studied 
 medicine and began practice at AUentown, N. J.; 
 held several local offices; elected a Representative 
 from New Jersey to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, 
 Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses as a Demo- 
 crat, serving from December 3, 1821, to January 
 14, 1828, when he died, at AUentown, N. J. 
 
 HoUaday, Alexander R. , was a native <:i Vir- 
 ginia; attended the puliUc schools; held several 
 local offices; elected a Representative from Vir- 
 ginia to the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat, 
 and reelected to the Thirty-second Congress. 
 
 Holland, Cornelius, was born July 9, 1783, in 
 Maine; studied medicine and practiced at Canton, 
 iMe. ; a delegate to the constitutinnal convention in 
 1819 which founded the State of Maine; member 
 of the State house of representatives 1820 and 1821 
 and of the State senate 1822, 1825, and 1826; elected 
 a Representative from ]\Iaine to the Twenty-first 
 Congress {vice .Tames W. Ripley, re-signed) and 
 reelected to the Twenty-.second Congress; died at 
 Canton, Me., June 2, 1870. 
 
 Holland, James, was a native of North Caro- 
 lina; received a limited education; studied law 
 and admitted to the bar; held several local offices; 
 elected a Representative from North Carolina to 
 the Fourth Congress; elected to tlie Seventh, 
 Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses. 
 
 Holleman, Joel, was bom in Isle of Wight 
 County, Va., t)ctoberl, 1799;received a liberal edu- 
 cation; studied law and admitted to the liar; began 
 the practice of his profession at BurwcU Bay; elected 
 a Representative from Virginia to the Twenty- 
 sixth Congress as a Van Buren Democrat; served 
 until 1840, when he resigned; again elected a 
 mendicr of the State house of representatives, 
 serving as speaker when he died, August 5, 1844. 
 
 Holley, John M. , was born at Salisbury, Conn., 
 November, 1802; graduated from Yale College in 
 1822; studied law, and iu 1825 admitted to the bar; 
 moved to New York and liegan jjractice at Lyons; 
 served in the State house of representatives 1838- 
 1841; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Thirtieth Congress, serving from December 6, 
 1847, to March 8, 1848, when he died, at Jackson- 
 ville, Fla. 
 
 HoUiday, Elias S. , of Brazil, Ind., was born at 
 Aurora, Ind., March 5, 1842; spent the early part 
 of life on farms in Indiana, Missouri, and Iowa; 
 secured a common school education in the inter- 
 vals of farm work, and before the civil war was a 
 teacher in the public schools of Iowa; enlisted in 
 the Fifth Kansas regiment; shortly afterwards 
 j part of the conmiand was reorganized into the 
 Tenth Kansas Volunteei"s; served in the army of 
 the frontier under Generals Lane and Blunt until 
 August 12, 1864, when he was mustered out, hav- 
 ing risen to the rank of first sergeant; took a par- 
 tial academic course at Hartsville College, and 
 resumed teaching! in tlie winter, while farming 
 in the summer, and between times studying law; 
 moved to Carbon, Clay County, in 1873, and 
 entered upon the practice of the law, and the next 
 year located in Brazil; elected mayor of Brazil 
 three times; Presidential elector on the Blaine 
 ticket; a member of the Grand Army of the Re- 
 public; elected to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty- 
 eighth Congresses. 
 
(>02 
 
 CONOKKSSHONAL DIHKCTOKY. 
 
 Holloway.DavidP. , wawliornat WayneMville, 
 Oliio, DciiMiilMTt;, ISdit; iii.ivcil with liisiiarcnfsto 
 C'iiU'iniiati in ISI.S; alti'iiilcil llic (■oiniiiiui wlimils; 
 apprentice to a |iiinter, ami fur lour vearM workeil 
 oil the Cincinnati (iazette; ectiil)lishe(l tlie Kieh- 
 iiionil rallailiuiii in l.s.SL', ami for iiiaiiv yearn ed- 
 itO(i it; Berveil in both hranelies of the Imliaiia 
 State legislature; eleiteil a Kepresentative from 
 Iniliana to the Thirty-fourth Concre.-'sac a Kepub- 
 lican; Coniniissioner of I'ateiits 1 S(i 1 - 1 Hti") ; died at 
 Wa.^hin^ton. IV ('., Sejileinher 10, 1883. 
 
 Holman, William S., waH l)orn at a pioneer 
 honietitead ealled Verae^tan, in Dearborn County, 
 Inil., Sei)teniber l>, l^L'l.'; received a lonunon .school 
 education, and .>;tudied at l-raiiklin Colle);e, In- 
 diana, for two years; stiidii'il and practiced law; 
 judjre of the court of probate from IXi'-i to IS-lli; 
 prosecuting; attorney from 1S47 to l,S4!l; memlier 
 of theeonstitutional'conventionof Indiana in 1S.")(I; 
 lueinlxT of the lefrislature of Indiana in 1851; 
 judge of the court of common pleas from 18.5210 
 18.t6; electe<l to the Thirty-sixth, Thirty-seventh, 
 Thirty-eiuhlh, Fortieth, Korty-lii>t, Forty-second, 
 Fortv-thiril, Forty-fonrtli, Forty-seventh, Forty- 
 ei^jhih, F.irly-nin'lli, Fiftieth. Fifty-lirst, Fifty- 
 second, Fiftv-third, and Fifty-tilth Coiifire.-'ses 
 as a Heniocr'at; ilird April L'2,"l8H7, at Washing- 
 ton, 1>. C. 
 
 Holmes, Adoniram Judson, of lioone, Iowa, 
 was born in Wayne County. Ohio, \Iarch 2, 1842; 
 moved with his narents to Palmyra, Wis., in 
 18.5.S; received a thorough a<-adi'mic education; 
 entered Milton College, Wisconsin, but left in 
 ]8()2 to enter the Union .\rmy, where he serveil 
 until the close of the war; studied law at.Ianesville 1 
 and admitted to the bar; afterwards took a full j 
 course in the law dejiartment of the Fniversity 
 of Michigan, graduating in 18(17; comnu'iiced ]irac- 
 tice at I'loone, Iowa, in ISiW; elected a member of 
 tin' houseuf representatives in the Iowa legislature 
 in the fall of IS.'^l lor the two following years; 
 elected to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fif- 
 tieth Congresses as a Ki'pulilican; was Scrgeant- 
 at-.\rms of the National House of Kepresentatiyes 
 in the Fifty-lirst Congress; resumed the practice 
 of law. 
 
 Holmes, David, was a native of Virginia; re- 
 ceived a classical education; studied law and 
 adniitte<l to the bar; held several local offices; 
 elected a Kepresentative from Virginia to the 
 Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Kiglith. Ninth, and Tenth 
 Congres.--es; appointed governor of the Territory 
 of Mississippi 181W-1817, ami governor of the State 
 of Missis-sippi lS17-181!i; elected a Cniteil States 
 Senator from Missi.-sippi (vice Walter I.eake, re- 
 signeil), serving from November i:>, 1.S20, to Sep- 
 teniber 2.5, 1825, when he resigned; died at Wash- 
 ington, Miss., .\ugust 20, \s;i2. 
 
 Holmes, Elias Bellows, was born at Fletcher, 
 Vt., Mav 27, 1.'>(I7; attende<l the public schools 
 and taught; attended a law school at I'ittstield, 
 N. Y., and in 18:«) admitted to the bar; Ix-g-an 
 the practice of his profession at I!rock))ort, N. Y., 
 in 18;)!; electeil a Kepresentative from New York 
 to the Twenty-ninth Congre.s-sius a A\hig; elected to 
 the Tliirtieth Congress. 
 
 Holmes, Gabriel, wasbornin SainpsonCounty, 
 N. ('., 17il!»; atteniled llarvanl College; studied 
 law at Kaleigh, N. ('., and ailinitle<l to the bar; 
 l)egan practice at Clinton, N. ('.; served as State 
 senator in I.HU7; governor of North Carolina 1S21- 
 1824; eleited a Hepresi'ntativefroin North Carolina 
 to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, ami Twenty-lirst 
 
 Congresses; dietl near Clinton, N. C , .'M'pteinher 
 
 2ti, lH2(t. 
 
 Holmes, Isaac £dward, was Imrn at ('liarles- 
 ton, S. ('., .\pril (>, 17lH>; graduated from YaleCol- 
 lege in 1815; studied law, ami in 1H18 admitted 
 to the bar; began praclici- at Cliarleston; H'rve<l 
 in the State legislature in IHL'tl and ls:t2; i-le( Uni a 
 Hepre.sintative from South Carolina to iheTweiity- 
 sixth, Twenty-.seventh, Twenty-eighth, Twenty- 
 ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-lirst Congresses as a 
 Democrat; in<ived to California in \Xr>\ and prac- 
 ticed law until I.s57, when he relurneil to South 
 Carolina: ilicd at Charleston, S, ('., I'Cbrnary 2-1, 
 181)7. 
 
 Holmes, John, was born at Kingston, Mass., 
 March 11, 177;!; graduated from Brown Fniversity 
 ill 17!M); studied law, and in 1790 Ix'gan practicing 
 at .Mfred, Ma.<s. (now .Maine); served in both 
 bram-hi-s of the Massacluisetts State legislature; 
 elected a Hepri'si-iitatix e from Ma-s.-iachusells to the 
 Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the 
 Sixteenth Congress and served from December 1, 
 1S17, to 1S2(I, when he resigned; delegate to tlie 
 Maine constitutional convention; electe<l a Fnited 
 States Senator from Maine, serving from Novem- 
 ber i:{, 1S20, to ^larch 3, 1827; again elected to the 
 United .'^tates .S'uate ( vice A. K. I'arris. resigned), 
 serving from .lamiary 2(), LH29, tti March 2. 18,S3; 
 member of the .^lale house of representatives, 
 18:{5-18:iS; district attornev for Maine, 1841, until 
 his death, at I'ortland Me.", .July 7, 1843. 
 
 Holmes, Sidney T., was born at Schaghticoke, 
 N. Y,, .\ugiist 7. 1SI5; reieived a liberal education; 
 studied law, and in 1S41 admitted to the bar; Ite- 
 gan |iracti<ing at .Morrisville; loan comnnssioner 
 for -Madison County, 184.S-1S51; surrogate for .Madi- 
 son County, 1S5I-18I)4; elected a Kepresentative 
 from New York to the Thirty-ninth Congress as a 
 Hepublican. 
 
 Holmes, Uriel, was a native of Connecticut; 
 graduated from Yale College in 1784; studied law, 
 and admitted to the bar; elected a Kepresentative 
 from Connecticut to the Fifteenth Congress, serv- 
 ing from 1.S17-1S. when he resigned; <lied Novem- 
 ber 1, 1827. 
 
 Holsey. Hopkins, was born in Virginia in 
 17tl!>; received a good iMiglish eduiation; studied 
 law, and admitted to the bar; moved to Georgia, 
 and located at Hamilton, where he began the 
 iiractice of his profession; hehl several local 
 ottiies; elected a Kepresentative from (ieorgia to 
 the Twenty-fourth ami Twi'Uty-fifth Congres,s».s; 
 moved to Athens, (ia., and engaged in the news- 
 paper busine.ss; ilied at Columbus, tia., March 31, 
 1 85!l. 
 
 Holt, Hines, was a native of Cii^orgia; receiveil 
 ;\ liberal education; studie<l law an<l admitted to 
 the bar; eleited a Kepr<'.«entative from tieorgia to 
 the Twenty-sixth Congress (vice W. T. Colquitt, 
 resigned), serving from February 1, 1.841. to 
 March :!, 1841. 
 
 Holt, Orrin, was a native of Connecticut; re 
 ceived a liinite<l education; .studied law, and 
 admitte<l to the bar; elected a Kepresentative from 
 ("onnectieut totheTwenty-fourthandTwenty-lifth 
 Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Holten, Samuel, was Ixirn at Danvers, Ma.ss., 
 .Tune St, 17.'i8; received a liberal education; studied 
 meilicine and practiced; a member of the Conti- 
 nental Congress 1778-1787, serving as president 
 one lerin; eleetetl a Kepresentative fnmi Mafisa- 
 
BIOORAPHIES. 
 
 6U3 
 
 chusetts to the Third Congress; jiulge of the j)ro- 
 bate court for Essex C.Vmnty for a nnml)er of 
 years; died January 2, 1816. 
 
 Helton, Hart B. , of Powliatan, Md., was elected 
 to tlie F(jrty-fighth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Hook, £nos, was a native of Pennsylvania; re- 
 ceived a limited education; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Pennsylvania to the Twenty-sixth 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the Twenty- 
 seventh Congress, resigning April 18, 1841. 
 
 Hooker, Charles E. , of Jackson, Miss., was born 
 in Tnion District, S. C, in 1825; graduated from the 
 Cambridge Law School; moved to.Tackson, Miss., 
 and entered upon the ]iractice of his profession; 
 elected district attorney of the River District in 
 1850; elected to the Mississippi legislature in 1S59, 
 and resigned his seat to enter the Confederate 
 army; wounded during the siege of Vicksburg; 
 promoted to the rank of colonel of cavalry, and 
 assigned to duty on the military court attached 
 to General Polk's conunand; elected attorney- 
 general of the State of Mississippi in 1S()5, and 
 reelected in 1868; in common with the other civil 
 officers of the State was removed by the military 
 authorities; elected to the Forty-fourth, Forty- 
 fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, Fiftieth, Fifty- 
 first, Fifty-second, Fifty-third, ami Fifty-seventh 
 Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Hooker, Warren Brewster, of Fredonia, N. Y., 
 was born at Perrysbui-g, Cattaraugus County, 
 N. Y., Novendier 24, 18.i6; always lived in New 
 York State except two years spent in Tacoma, 
 Wash., practicing law; special surrogate of Chau- 
 tauijua County; su])ervisor of his town two terms; 
 elected to the Fifty-second, Fifty-third, Fifty- 
 fourth, Fifty-fifth, and Fifth-sixth Congresses as 
 a Republican; resigned November 10, 1898, having 
 been appointed a justice of the supreme court of 
 New York State, and in 1899 was elected for a full 
 term. 
 
 Hooks, Charles, was a native of Bertie County, 
 N. C. ; elected a Representative from North Caro- 
 lina to the Fourteenth Congress (vice W. R. King, 
 resigned) as a Democrat; elected to the Sixteenth, 
 Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Congresses; moved 
 to Alabama, and died in 1851. 
 
 Hooper, Benjamin S. , of Farmville, Va., was 
 born in Buckingham County, Va., March 6, 1835; 
 received a common school e<lucation; engaged 
 in mercantile business and the manufacture of 
 tobacco; elected to the Forty-eighth Congress 
 as a Readjuster; died January 17, 1898. 
 
 Hooper, Samuel, was born at Marblehead, 
 Mass., February 3, 1808; received a liberal educa- 
 tion, became a merchant; served several terms in 
 both branches of the legislature; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Massachusetts tn the Thirty-seventh 
 Congress (vice William Appleton, resigned) as a 
 Republican; reelected to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty- 
 ninth, Fortieth, Forty-first, Forty-second, aiid 
 Forty-third Congresses; died February 15, 1875, 
 at Washington, D. C. 
 
 I 
 
 Hooper, William, was born at Boston, Mass. , 
 June 17, 1742; received a liberal education, and in 
 1760 graduated from Harvard College; studied 
 law, and admitted to the bar; moved to Wilming- 
 ton, N. C, in 1767, where he began the practiceof 
 law; a member of the North Carolina State house 
 of representatives in 1773; Delegate to the Conti- 
 nental Congress 1774-1777; died at Hillsboro, N. C, 
 in October, 1790. 
 
 Hooper, William H., was born in Dorchester 
 
 County, Md., December 25, 1813; attended the 
 common schools; became a merchant; moved to 
 Utah; elected a United States Senator under the 
 State organization of Deseret, adopted bv the peo- 
 ple of Utah in 1862; elected a Delegate from Utah 
 to the Thirty-sixth Congress; elected to the Thirty- 
 ninth, Fortieth, P'orty-first, and Forty-second 
 Congresses. 
 
 Hopkins, Albert C, of Lock Haven, Pa., was 
 born in \'illenovia, Chautauqua County, N. Y., 
 Septendier 15, 1837; attended various" schools; 
 engaged in the mercantile business at Troy, Pa., 
 where he remained until 1867; moved to Lock 
 Haven, Clinton County, Pa., in that year and be- 
 came actively engaged in the lumber business in 
 its various branches; elected to the Fifty-second 
 and Fifty-third Congresses as a Republican; after 
 expiration of his term in Congress resumed the 
 lumber business. 
 
 Hopkins, Albert J., of Aurora, III., was born 
 in Dekalb County, III., Augu.st 15, 1846; graduated 
 from Hillsdale '(Mich.) College in June, 1870; 
 studied law and commenced practice at Aurora, 
 III.; State attorney of Kane County from 1872 to 
 1876; a member of the Republic-an State central 
 committee from 1878 to 1880; Presidential elector 
 on the Blaine and Logan ticket in 1884; elected to 
 the Fortv-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty-first, Fifty-seconc!, 
 Fifty-tlnr.1, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, 
 and Fifty-seventh Congresses as a Republican; 
 elected United States Senator Januarv 21, 1903; 
 took his seat March 5, 1903. 
 
 Hopkins, Benjamin Franklin, was born at 
 Hebron, N. Y.. April 22, 1S2H; received a public 
 scho(jl education and became a telegraph operator; 
 moved to Madison, Wis., in 1849; pri\'ate secre- 
 tary to (Tovernor Bashfourd 1856-57; a member 
 of the State senate in 1861 and of the State house 
 of representatives in 1865; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Wisconsin to the Fortieth and Forty- 
 first Congresses; died at Madison, Wis., Januarv 
 1, 1870. 
 
 Hopkins, George W., was born in Coochland 
 County, Va., February 22, 1.S04; received a com- 
 mon school education; studied law and began 
 practice at Lebanon, N'a. ; a member of the State 
 hf)use of representatives 1833-34; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Virginia to the Tvventv-fourtli, 
 Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, Twenty-seventh, 
 Twenty-eighth, and Twenty-ninth Congre.sses as 
 a Democrat; charge d'affaires to Portugal March 
 3, 1847, to October 18, 1849; again a member of 
 the State house of representatives in 1849; judge 
 of the circuit court; elected to the Thirty-fifth 
 Congress; again elected a member of the" State 
 house of representatives; died March 2, 1861. 
 
 Hopkins, James H., of Pittsburg, Pa., was 
 born November 3, 1832, in Washington County, 
 Pa.; graduated from Washington College in 1850; 
 studied law; admitteil to the bar in 1852, before 
 lie was of age; practiced in Pittsburg for twenty 
 years; president of a bank of discount and of a 
 bank of deposit, of a fire insurance company, of a 
 mutual life insurance company, and of a railroad, 
 also interested in manufacturing and mining; for 
 several years vice-president of the chamlier of com- 
 merce of Pittsburg; candidate for the Forty-third 
 Congress from the State at large as a Democrat; 
 elected to the Forty-fourth and Forty-eighth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Hopkins, N. T., of the Eleventh district of 
 Kentucky, took his seat in the Fifty-fourth Con- 
 
604 
 
 CONORKSSIONAL DIRKCTOKY, 
 
 grere February 18, 1897, after a contest with J. M. 
 Kciuliill, wlinwa.M (liven the certificate of election. 
 
 Hopkins, Samuel, was l)orn in All)eniarle 
 County, Va.. aliout 1750; wrved in the lievolu- 
 tionarvwar; moved to Kentucky in 17!l7antl jirac- 
 ticcd law; served t^everal terms in the State 
 lefiislature; served in the campai^'U a>;ainst the 
 KickaiHio Indians in ISll!; elected a Hcpresentative 
 from Kentucky to the Tliirteeiilh ( 'on^ress as a 
 Democrat; died in Henderson County, Ky., Octo- 
 Iwr 9, ISl'J. 
 
 Hopkins, Samuel J., of l.ynchhurjr, Va., wa-s 
 V)orn in I'rince ( leori'e County, Md., l)ecendier 12, 
 184:!; moved in infancy to Anne Arundel Ctimity, 
 where he received a conunou school educatit)n; 
 while a minor enlisted in Company A, Second 
 JIaryland Infantry, C. S. A., and served durinsr the 
 war;" wounded several times; after the war he lo- 
 cate<l in Lynchhurfi; elected to the Fiftieth Con- 
 press as a Kidfiht of I.ahor. 
 
 Hopkins, Samuel M., was born at Salem, 
 CoiHi., ^lay II. 1771.', received a liberal educa- 
 tion, and in 17!ll j.'raduated from Yale College; 
 studied law and admitted to practice in (ienesee 
 County; el<-cted a Ke|iresentative from Ni-w York 
 tothe'Thirteenth ('oiifire.-s; a mendierof theState 
 house of rei)re.sentatives 18L't)-L'l; died at tieneva, 
 N. Y., March 9, 1837. 
 
 Hopkins, Stephen, was born at Scituate, R. I., 
 March 7, 1707: attemlcd llu' pulilicschools; movecl 
 to I'l-ovicU'iue in I7:U an<l became a merchant; 
 member of the colonial assembly and its sjicaker 
 1732-1741; chief justice of the court of common 
 pleas in 1739 and of thesiiperiorcourtl7.')l-54; Del- 
 egate to the Colonial Congress which met at 
 Albanvin 17.^4; colonial governor of Rhode Island 
 175.5, 1756, 17rvH-17til, 17()3-(>4, and 17(i7; Delegates 
 from Rhode Island to the Continental Congress 
 1774-1778; died at Providence, K. 1., July 13, 1785. 
 
 Hopkins, Stephen T., was born in the city of 
 New York March L'5, lS4!t; e<lucatedat the Anthon 
 Grammar School, in New York City; an iron , 
 merchant; member of a.sscndjly of tlie State of 
 New Y'ork lS85-8t), serving as chairman of com- 
 mittees on appropriations and banks; elected to 
 the Fiftieth Congress as a Republican; died March I 
 2, 1892. 
 
 Hopkinson, Francis (father of .lo.-Jcpli IIop- 
 kinson ). was born at l'hiladeli>hia, I'a., Septend)er 
 21, 1737; graduated from the CniviTsity of Penn- 
 sylvania; studied law anil in 1765 adnutted to the 
 liar; removed as royal tax receiver when he 
 espoused the jioiiular cause; Delegate from New 
 .lersey to the Continental Congress 177ti-77; judge 
 of the Cnited States district court for the eastern 
 <listrict of Pennsylvania 1790-91; died at Phila- 
 delphia May 9, n'lil. 
 
 Hopkinson, Joseph (son of Francis Hopkin- 
 son), was bi>rn at PhiUulelphia.Pa., Novenilier 12, 
 1770; graduated from the Iniversity of Pennsyl- 
 vania in 1786; sttidied law and in 1791 admitted to 
 practice; began the ]>ractic«- of his ]>rofession at 
 Kaston, Pa.; elected a Representative from Penn- 
 sylvania to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Con- 
 gres.se8; moved to Bordentown, N. J., and after 
 three years returned to Philadelphia, Pa.; judge 
 of the Cnited States district court for F,a,ston, Pa., 
 1828-1842; delegate to the State constitutional 
 convention in 1837; died at Philadelphia .lanuary 
 15, 1842. 
 
 Horn, Henry, was bom at Philadelphia, Pa.; 
 received a liberal education; elected a Represent- 
 
 ative from Pennsylvania to the Twenty-second 
 Congress as a .laclison Democrat; defeate<l for re- 
 election to the Twenty-third Congress. 
 
 Hornbeck, John W., wa.s a native of New 
 .Jersey; receiveil a liberal education ami (jraduated 
 from fiiion CollcKe, New York; studied law ami 
 admitted to the bar; elected a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Thirtieth Congress; died at 
 Allentown, Pa., January 16, 1848. 
 
 Hornblower, Josiah, wa.s born at Stafford- 
 shire, I'.MgUuid, February 23, 172!t; received a lib- 
 eral education; emigrated to the I'nited States in 
 1753 and locateil at Helleville, N. J. ; served several 
 years a.s a member of the colonial house of repre- 
 sentatives; a Delegate from New Jersev to tbe 
 Continental Congress 178.5-86; judge of flie ICssex 
 County court 1798-l,S0i»; dieil at Newark, N. J., 
 January 21, 1809. 
 
 Horr, Roswell G., of East Saginaw, Mich., 
 was born at Waitstield, Vt., November 26, 1830; 
 moved with his parent.s, when 4 years of age, to 
 Lorain County, ( >hio, where lie i>asse<l his early 
 years; graduated from Antioch College, in its 
 first cla.-s, in 1857; the fall after his graihiation 
 electeil clerk of the court of common pleiis of 
 Lorain County, and reelected in bstiO; at the close 
 of hissi.K years' clerkship admitted to the bar, and 
 practiced "law two years at Elyria, Lorain County, 
 Ohio; in the spring of 1866 moved to southea.stern 
 Missouri, where he engaged in mining for six 
 years; moved in the spring of 1S72 to Fast Sagi- 
 iiaw, Mich.; elected to the Ftirty-sixth, Forty- 
 seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses as a Repub- 
 lican; after his retirement from Congre.ss became 
 associate' editor U|)on the staff of the New York 
 Tribune until hi' died, December 19, 1896. 
 
 Horsey, Outerbridge, was born in Delaware in 
 1777; received a lil)eral eilucation; studied lawand 
 admitted to the bar; for many years attorney- 
 general of Delaware; elected a Cnited States .S'lia- 
 tor from Delaware ( vice Samuel White, deeea.sed), 
 serving from January 29, 1810, to March 3, 1821; 
 died at Needwo.ul. >id., June 9, 1842. 
 
 Horton, Thomas R. , was a native of New 
 York; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Tliirty-fourth Congre.s,s as a Whig. 
 
 Horton, Valentine B., was born at Wind.sor, 
 Vt., .lamiary 211, 1S02; educated at the Partridge 
 Military School and afterwards becanie one of its 
 tntJ>rs; studied law at Middletown, Conn., and in 
 1830 admitted to the bar; moved to Pittsburg, 
 where he began practice; moved to Cincimuiti, 
 Ohio, in 1833, and in 18:35 moved to Pomfret, 
 Ohio, where he engaged in manufacturing; a dele- 
 gate to the State constitutional convention in 1.><.50; 
 electi'd a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty- 
 fourth Congre.-'s; declined a reelection; elected to 
 the Thirty-seventh Congress; died at Pomeroy, 
 Ohio, January 14, 1888. 
 
 Hosford, Jedediah, was a native of Vermont: 
 moved to .^^)seow, N. Y., where he held several 
 local oflices; electeti a Representative from New- 
 York to the Thirty-.second Congre.ss. 
 
 Hoskins, George G., was bom at Rennington, 
 N. Y., December 24, 1S24; received a liberal edu- 
 cation; iK'came a merchant; for a number of years 
 town clerk; postmaster at Bennington, N. Y., 
 during Presi<lent Taylor's. \dndnisl ration, and held 
 the otiice imder Fillmore's .\dministration: again 
 appointeil postmaster at Bennington by President 
 Lincoln, and removi'd by President ,lohnson; 
 served in the State legislature several terms, and 
 
BTOGBAPHIES. 
 
 605 
 
 three years speaker of the house; collector of 
 internal revenue under Grant for the twenty-ninth 
 district of New York, May 1, 1871, until March 4, 
 1873, when he resigned, having been elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Forty-third 
 Congress as a Republican; reelected to the Forty- 
 fourth Congress; defeated for reelection to the 
 Forty-fifth Congress. 
 
 Kosmer, HezekiahL., was elected a Repre- 
 sentative frnni New Y'urk to the Fiftlr Congress. 
 
 Hosmer, Titus, was born at Watertown, Conn., 
 in 17St>; graduated from Yale College in 1757; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar; member of 
 the State house of representatives 177.3-1778 and 
 speaker 1777; Delegate from Connecticut to the 
 Continental Congress 1777-1779; died at AVater- 
 town. Conn., August 4, 1780. 
 
 Hostetler, Abraham J. , of Bedford, Ind. , was 
 born in Washington County, Ind., November 22, 
 1818; received a common school education; raised 
 on a farm; apprenticed to learn the blacksmith's 
 trade; elected to the State senate from 18.54 to 
 1858; elected to the Forty-sixth Congress as a 
 Democrat; after expiration of his term in Congress 
 engaged in merchandising; died near Bedford, 
 Ind., November 24, 1899. 
 
 Hostetter, Jacob, was born at York, Pa. ; re- 
 ceived a lilieral education; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Pennsylvania to the Fifteenth Congress, 
 vice Jacob Spangler, resigned; reelected to the 
 Sixteenth Congress. 
 
 Hotchkiss, Giles W. , was born in Windsor, 
 Broome County, N. Y., October 25, 1815; received 
 a lilieral education; studied law and admitted 
 to the bar; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Thirty -eighth. Thirty-ninth, and 
 Fortieth Congresses as a Republican; died at Sar- 
 atoga, N. Y.,"May 1, 1878. 
 
 Hotchkiss, Julius, was liorn at Waterbury, 
 Conn., July 11, 1810; attended common schools; 
 engaged in manufacturing pursuits; mayor of Wa- 
 terbury in 18.52; member of the legislature of 
 Connecticut in 1851 and 1858; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Connecticut to the Fortieth Con- 
 gress; died December 23, 1878, at Mid<lletown, 
 Conn. 
 
 Houck, Jacob, jr., was Ixjrn at Schoharie, 
 N. Y.; attended the public scliools; studied law, 
 and ailmitted to the bar; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Twenty-seventh Congress 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Hough, David, was a native of New Hampshire; 
 atten<li'(l the jiublic schools; elected a Kc]>resenta- 
 tive from New Hampshire to the Eighth and 
 Ninth Congresses. 
 
 Hough, William J., was liorn at Cazenovia, 
 N. Y.: received a lilieral education;, a member of 
 the State house of representatives in 1835 and 1839; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Houghton, Sherman O., was born in New 
 York City, April 10, 1828; received a liberal edu- 
 cation; served in the Mexican war; studieil law, 
 and admitted to the liar; moved to California; 
 mayor of San Francisco 1855-56; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from California to the Forty-second 
 and Forty-third Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Houk, George W. , was born in Cumberland 
 (.'ounty. Pa., September 25, 1825; moved with his 
 fatlier to Ohio in 1827, and settleil in Dayton; 
 
 I'eceived an academic education; taught school; 
 studied law; admitted to the bar in 1846; elected 
 to the State legislature from Montgomery County 
 in 1852-53, and served through his term as cliair- 
 man of the judiciary committee of the house; a 
 delegate to the Charleston-Baltimore convention 
 in 1860; delegate to the national Democratic con- 
 vention in 1876; district elector on the Democratic 
 Presidential ticket in 1884; elected to the Fifty- 
 second and Fifty -third Congresses as a Democrat; 
 died February 9, 1894. 
 
 Houk, John C, of Knoxville, Tenn., was born 
 February 26, 1860, in Clinton, Anderson County, 
 Tenn. ; moved with his father to Knoxville in 1870; 
 educated in the University of Tennessee; read law 
 and licensed to practice at the age of 24; secretary 
 of the State Republican committee for four years; 
 received all of the Republican votes of the legisla- 
 ture in 1884 for State treasurer; assistant door- 
 keeper of the House of Representatives, Fifty-first 
 Congress; elected to the Fifty-second Congress as 
 a Republican, at a special election lield November 
 21, 1891; reelected to the Fifty-third Congress; after 
 leaving Congress resumed tlie practice of law; in 
 1896 elected to the State senate; reelected in 1898. 
 
 Houk, liBOnidas C. , was born in Sevier County, 
 Tenn., June 8, 18.36; attended an old field school 
 something le.ss than three months, but otherwise 
 self-educated, studying when at work as a cabinet- 
 maker and by the fireside at night; read law while 
 working at liis trade; admitted to the bar October 
 13, 1859, and practiced until the war; entered the 
 Union Army as a private August 9, 1861 ; promoted 
 to lieutenant in the First Tennessee Infantry; 
 mustered in as colonel of the Third Tennessee In- 
 fantry February 2, 1862, and served imtil April 23, 
 1863, when he resigned on account of ill-health; 
 a candidate for elector on the Lincoln and Johnson 
 ticket in 1864; member of the State convention 
 w'hich amenfled the constitution and provided for 
 the reorganization of the State government of Ten- 
 nessee in February, 1865; elected judge of the 
 seventeenth judicial circuit of Tennessee on the 3d 
 day of March, 1866, and served four years, when 
 he moved from Clinton to Knoxville, Tenn., and 
 resumed the practice of law; lield a position for a 
 short time under the Southern Claims Commis- 
 sion; member of the National Republican conven- 
 tion which met at Chicago in 1868 and nominated 
 (ieneral Grant; elector for the State at large on the 
 Grant and Wilson ticket in 1872; at the same time 
 chosen a representative in the lower house of the 
 Tennessee legislature, in which he was the Repub- 
 lican candidate for speaker, coming within one 
 vote of an election, although the body was largely 
 Democratic; elector on the Hayes and Wheeler 
 ticket in 1876; elected to the Forty-sixth, Forty- 
 seventh, Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, 
 Fiftv-first, and Fiftv-second Congresses; died Ma\' 
 25, 1891. 
 
 House, John F. , of Clarksville, Tenn. , was born 
 in Williamson County, Tenn., January 9, 1827; 
 received his early education at a grammar school, 
 Williatnson County, Tenn.; afterwards entered 
 Transylvania University, Lexington, Ky.; studied 
 law and graduated from the Lebanon Law School, 
 Tennessee, in 1850; a member of the Tennessee 
 legislature 1853-54; Presidential elector on the 
 Bell and Everett ticKet in 1860; member of the 
 provisional congress of the Confederate States 
 trom Tenne.ssee; at the expiration of his term of 
 service in said body entered the Confederate 
 army, and continued therein until the close of 
 the war, and paroled at Columbus, Miss., in June, 
 
606 
 
 CONORKSSIONAL UIRKCTORY. 
 
 1860; delegiUcfnuii Tfnnofwc to the national roii- 
 vention of tlic DfiinKMalic parly timt iKiiiiiiiatetl 
 Seyinunr ami Hlair in ISliS; iiiciiiber of the State 
 oon-xtitutioiml cuiivcntiim i>i Tcniit'sscc in 1K70; 
 electeii to the Korty-fmiith, Korty lifth, Forty- 
 pixth, and Forty-ncvcnth ( 'oritri'i'sscs as a Democrat. 
 
 Houseman, Julius, wa.i horn in the vilUme of 
 Letkeiiiliirf, in l?avaiia, (ieiinany, DecenilKT 8, 
 is:{2; receive"! a coiniuon ."chool ami coniniercial 
 education; en^uned for thirty years in mercantile 
 business and the mannfactureof hnnher; held the 
 otticeof alderman in thecityof (iraml Rapids from 
 IStil to lH7tl, inclusive: representative in the State 
 legislaturein 1.S71 and IHTl'; mayorof ( irand l{;ipids 
 in 1873 and 1875; electeil to the Forty-eifrhlh Con- 
 Rrets as a Democrat; died February 8, 1891. 
 
 Houston, George Smith, was born in Wil- 
 liamson (.'ciunty, Tenn., .lannary 17, ISll; moved 
 toAlaliama, where hi'attrmled the piibli<-scbools; 
 studied law and beiran practice in Limestone 
 County; served in the Stale leKislatnre; elected a 
 Rejiresentative from .Vlabaina to the Twenty- 
 seventh Conjire-s-S as a Democrat; reelec;te<l to the 
 Twenty-eitrhth, Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth Con- 
 gresses; declined a reelection; elected to the 
 Thirty-second Coiifiress as a I'nion Democrat; re- 
 elected to the Thirty-third, Thirty-fonrlh, Tliirty- 
 lifth, and Thirty-sixth Conf.'resses; resiiined .lan- 
 uarv 21, ISlil, .Vlabama having seceded; elected a 
 United States Senator from Alabama in 181)."), but 
 was refused admission to his seat; defeated for the 
 tJnite<l States Senate in 18G7; delesrate to the 
 national I'nion convention at I'hiladelphia in 
 ISHli; was governor of .Mabama lS74-187t); dieil at 
 Athens, (la., .January 17, 1879. 
 
 Houston, Jobn, was born at Waynesboro, (ia., 
 Au^'ust3l, 1744; a Delegate from (ieorfjia to the 
 Continental Congress 177,'i-1777; member of the 
 State council in 1777; member of the commis- 
 sion to establish the boundary line Ijetween (ieor- 
 gia and .South Carolina; appointed judge of the 
 State suprenie court in 1792; died at Savannah, 
 Ga., .Tnly 20, 1791!. 
 
 Houston, John Wallace, wa-s l)orn at Concord, 
 Del., in 1S14; graduatc^l from Yale College in l.s;i4; 
 studied law, and in 1834 admitted to the bar; began 
 praetii-ing at (ieorgetown, Del., in 1.S39; elected a 
 Representative from Delaware to the Twentj- 
 ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirly-lirst Congres.ses; del- 
 egate to the peace conference at Wa-^hington, 
 D. C, in ISlil; died in 1896. 
 
 Houston, Samuel, was born near Lexington, 
 Va., March 2, 1793; moved to IJlount County, 
 Tenn., where lie wa-s ad<ipted into the Cherokee 
 tribe of Indians; served under (ieneral .lackson in 
 the Creek war 18i:i-14: studied law anil admitted 
 to the bar; elected a Representative from Ten- 
 nessee to the Kighteenth Congress as a Democrat; 
 governor of Tennes<oe 1S27-1829; resigni'd iM-fore 
 the expiration of his term; on account of family 
 troubles moved to Arkansiis and sub.seijuently to 
 Texas in 1833; member of the constitutional con- 
 vention in 183.5; commamler in chief of the 
 Texas armv; elected the lirst President of the 
 Republic of Texas 183t)-18.{8; member of Texas 
 Congress 1838-1840; again President 1,S4I-IH44; 
 (■lected a I'niled States Senatorfrom Texas, serving 
 from March 30, 18411, to March 3, 18.59: governor 
 of Texas l.H.59-18()l, and ilepo.sed February 20, 
 IWil; died at Huntsville, Tex., July 25, 181)3. 
 
 Houston, William Churchill, was born in 
 Cabarras Ciiunty, N. C, in 1740; reieiveil a clas- 
 Bical eilucatiim: irrailualed from Princeton Col li-ge 
 
 in l7t)K; Delegate! from Xew Jersey to the Conti- 
 nental Congress, 1779-1782 and )7'84-85; ilie<l at 
 Frankfort, Pa., August 12, 1788. 
 
 Houstoun, William, was a nelegat<' from 
 (ii'orgia to the Continental CJongress 1784-17H7; 
 ilelegate to the constitutional convention which 
 framed the Federal Constitution, but refusi^d to 
 sign it. 
 
 Hovey, Alvin P., was born in Posey County, 
 Ind., September (i, 1821; educated in common 
 schools and by private teachers; taught s<-hool one 
 year in 1H40; ailmitted to the bar SeptendM'r 25, 
 1842; commissioned first lieutenant .lune, I84ti, for 
 service in the war with Mexico; elected a delegate 
 to the constitutional convention of the State of 
 Indiana, 18.50; circuit juiige of the third jmlicial 
 circuit in that ."^tate from 1851 to l.s.54; ai>pointed 
 one of the judges of the supreme court in 18.54; 
 appointed district attorney of the I'nited States 
 for the State of Indiana by President Pierce in 
 18.5(1, and removed by President Buchanan in 18,58 
 for sn])porting Stephen .\. Douglas; commissioned 
 colonel of the Twenty-fourth Rcjiimeiit Indiana 
 Volunteers Augrst, 1861; commissioned brigadier- 
 general of volunteers .\|)ril, 18(12; in .Inly, 18(14, 
 commissioned brevet major-general of volunteers 
 "for merit oriou-i and distinguished si-rvii'es during 
 the war;" in command of the ea'iterii district of 
 .\rkansas, at Helena, in 1863, and the district of 
 Indiana 1864-65; served uiidi'r ( ienerals Fn'^mont 
 and Hunter in .Missouri in 1S6I, with (teiienil 
 (irant at Shiloh and the Vicksbnrg campaign, an<l 
 with (ieneral Sherman in his march to the .sea, 
 down to Kenesaw; commanded brigades and <livi- 
 sions in several im]>ortant engagements; commis- 
 sioned Cnited States minister to the l\epubli<' of 
 Pern, .Siuth .Vmerica, in 1865; resigne<l in 1S70; 
 elected to the Fiftieth Congi'ess as a Republican; 
 resigned .lanuary 17, 1889; elected in I8S8 gov- 
 ernor of Indiana, inaugurated in January, 1.S89, 
 and served until his death, at Indianapolis, Ind., 
 Novemlx-r 23, 1891. 
 
 Howard, Benjamin, was born in Virginia 
 about 1760; receive<l a liberal education; move<l to 
 Kentucky; elected a Representative from that 
 State totlie Tenth and Kleveiith Congres-ses. serving 
 until .\pril 10, ISIO. when he resigned; governor 
 of I'pper Louisiana 1810-1812; a|ipointed a briga- 
 diiT-general of the C. S. Army, .March 12. 18i:'>, 
 and given command of the Eighth Military De- 
 partment, embracing the territory west of the 
 Slississippi River; died at St. Ivouis, Mo., Septem- 
 ber, 18, 1814. 
 
 Howard, Benjamin C, was born in Baltimore 
 Coniilv, Md.. .Novi'inber 5. 1791; rei-eived a clas- 
 sical education; graduated from Princeton College 
 in LHOtl; studie<I law. and admitted to the bar: be- 
 gan practice at Baltimore; .-erveil in the war of 
 1812; niemlxT of the Maryland State hou.se of 
 repn-.sentatives in 1,S24; elected a Representative 
 from Marvland ti)theTwenty-first, Twenty-second, 
 Twenty-fourth, and Tweiity-lifth Congresses as a 
 Democrat; reporterof the decisions of the Supreme 
 Court of the United States 1843-1862: .leclined tlu> 
 appointment of I'niteil States .Senator in 1.S48; 
 delegate to the peace congress in 1861; died at 
 Baltimore, March (1, 1872. 
 
 Howard, Jacob M., was liorn at Shaftsbury, 
 Vt., Julv 10, 1805; received a bberal eilucatioii and 
 ftraduateil from Williams Colli'ge. in .Massa- 
 chusetts; moved to Michigan; served in the .Mich- 
 igan State legislature in 18;!S; in 1854 dri-.v up the 
 platform of the lirst convention ever held by tin- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 607 
 
 Republican party, and I'hristened that party; 
 served six years as attorney-general of Michigan; 
 elected a Representative from Michigan to the 
 Twenty -seventh Congress as a Republican; elected 
 a United .States Senator from Michigan is a 
 Republican vice K. S. Bingham, deceased: re- 
 elected in ISfio, serving from January 17, 1862, to 
 March :3, 1871; died at Detroit, Mich., April 2, 
 1871. 
 
 Howard, John Eager, was born at Baltimore, 
 June 4, 1752; received a lilieral education; served 
 in the Revolutionary war and colonel when peace 
 was declared; Delegate from Maryland to the 
 Continental Congress 1787-88; governor of Mary- 
 land 1789-1792; member of the State senate 1795; 
 elected a United States Senator from Maryland 
 vice R. Potts, resigned, serving from December 7, 
 1796, to March 3, 1803; died at Baltimore, Md., 
 October 12, 1827. 
 
 Howard, Jonas G. , of Jefferson ville, Clark 
 County, Ind., was born in Floyd County, Ind.; 
 educated at Asliury College, Greencastle, Ind.; 
 graduated at law from the State University at 
 Bloomington, Ind., in 1851; after graduating prac- 
 ticed in t'lark County; elected to the State legis- 
 lature of Indiana in 1862, and again in 1864; 
 Presidential elector on the Seymour and Blair 
 ticket in 1868; again elector from tlie Second Con- 
 gressional district (ncjw Third) in the Tilden and 
 Hendricks campaign in 1876; elected to the Forty- 
 ninth and Fiftieth Congresses as a Democrat; 
 returned to Jeffersonville, Ind., where he resumed 
 the practice of law. 
 
 Howard, Milford W. , of Fort Payne, Ala., was 
 born in Floyd County, Ca., December 18, 1862; , 
 while working i.n the farm he read law at Cedar- 
 town, Ga.; moved from therein 1880 to Fort Payne, 
 Ala., his present home, and admitted to the l>ar; 
 elected to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Con- 
 gresses as a Populist. 
 
 Howard, Tilgham A. , was born near Pickins- 
 ville, S. C, Xovendjer 14, 1797; received a common i 
 school education; taught school for two years; 
 studied law, and admitted to the bar; moved to 
 Tennessee and began practice; member of the 
 State hou.se of representatives in 1824; Presidential 
 elector on the Jackson and Calhoun ticket in 1825; 
 moved in 1830 to RockviUe, Ind., where lie resumed 
 practice; elected a Representative from Indiana to 
 the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, serving 
 from December 2, 1839, to August 1, 1840, when he 
 resigned to become the Democratic candidate for 
 governor and was defeated; charge d'affaires to 
 the Republic of Texas, June 11, 1844; died at 
 Washington, Tex., August 16, 1844. 
 
 Howard, Volney E., was born at Norridge- 
 wock, Me., about 1808; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; studied law, and admitted to the bar; moved 
 to Mississippi and from there to Texas; elected a 
 Representative from Texas to the Thirty-first and 
 Thirty-second Congresses as a Democrat; sent i>n 
 a mission to California bv the President; died at 
 Santa Monica, Cal., Jlay 14, 1889. 
 
 Howard, William, was a native of Virginia; 
 
 attended the common .schools; moved to Bafavia, 
 Ohio; elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
 Thirty-sixth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Howard, William A., was born at Hinesburg, 
 Vt., April 8, 1813: graduated from Middlebury Col- 
 lege in 1839; studied law and admitted to the bar; 
 moved to Michigan and began jiractice at Detroit: 
 elected a Representative from Michigan to the 
 
 Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses as a 
 Republican; reelected to the Thirty-sixth Congress 
 after succes-sfully contesting the seat of G. B. 
 Cooper, Democrat; appointed postmaster at 
 Detroit; tendered the Chinese mission in 1869, 
 but declined it; died at Washington, D. ('., April 
 10, 1880. 
 
 Howard, William Marcellus, of Lexington, 
 Ga., was born at lierwick City, La., of Georgia 
 parents, DecemberO, 1857; graduated fromthe Uni- 
 versity of Georgia; began practice of law February, 
 1880; elected solicitor-general of the northern circuit 
 of Georgia bv tlie State legislature in 1884; re- 
 elected to that office in 1888 and 1892; elected to the 
 Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Con- 
 gresses, and reelected to the Fifty-eighth Congress 
 without opposition. 
 
 Howe, Albert B. , was liorn at Brookfield, 
 Mass., January 2, 1840; received a classical educa- 
 tion; enlisted as a private in the Union Army in 
 1861 and mustered out as major in 1865; settled in 
 Como, Panola County, Miss., on a cotton planta- 
 tion in Decendjer, 1865; mendjerof the Mississippi 
 State constitutional convention in 1868; delegate 
 to the national Republican convention at Chicago 
 in 1868; appointed treasurer of Panola County in 
 1869; member of the legislature of Mississippi in 
 1870, 1871, and 1872; elected a Representative 
 from Mississippi to the Forty-third Congress as a 
 Republican. 
 
 Howe, James R., of Brooklyn, X. Y., was 
 born in the city of New York January 27, 1839; 
 his ancestors were among the early settlers of ISew 
 England; received his education in the common 
 schools of his native city, anil from his youth up 
 was engaged in the dry goods business; trustee in 
 a number of public institutions in the city; vice- 
 president of the Amphion Musical Society, and 
 member of the Union League Club; elected to the 
 Fifty-fourth Congress as a Repuljlican; reelected 
 to the Fifty-fifth Congress. 
 
 Howe, John W., was a native of New Hamp- 
 shire; moved to Franklin, I'a. ; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Fennsylvania to the Thirty-first 
 Congress as a Free Soil Whig: reelected to the 
 Thirty-second Congre.-'s. 
 
 Howe, Thomas M., was a native of Vermont; 
 received a ]iublic school education; moved to Pitts- 
 burg, Pa., and engaged in the banking business; 
 elected a Representative from Penn.sylvania to the 
 Thirty-second Congress as a Wliig; reelected to 
 the Thirty-third Congress. 
 
 Howe, Thomas Y., was Ixirnat Auliurn, N. Y ; 
 received a liberal education; elected a Representa- 
 tive from New York to the Thirty-second Congress 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Howe, Timothy O., was born at Livermore, 
 Me., Feljruary 24, ISKj; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; studied law and practiced; served one term 
 in the State legislature; moved to Wisconsin in 
 1845; elected jmlge of the circuit and supreme 
 courts of Wisconsin in 185U and resigned in 1855; 
 elected a United States Senator from Wisconsin as 
 a Union Republican (vice Charles Durkee) and 
 reelected two terms, serving from 1861 to 1869; 
 appomted one of the delegates to the International 
 Monetary Conference in Paris in 1881; appointed 
 Postmaster-General in 1881; died at Kenosha, Wis., 
 March 25, 1883. 
 
 Howell, Benjamin Franklin, of New Bruns- 
 wick, N.J. was born in Cumberland County, N. J., 
 .lanuary, 1844; enlisted in tlie Twelfth New Jersey 
 
608 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTtlRY. 
 
 Volunteers in 18(52 ami Hjrved until the close of i 
 tlie war; cloctcd wirio^'att' of Miildloscx ("ounty in 1 
 ISSL', and rcfU-iii'.l fur a scriiiid Icnii in 1SH7; , 
 I'l.Mtcd to til.' Kiltv-lc.iiitli, Kilty-liltli, Kifly-Hixtli, 
 and l-ilty-si-vcnth ('on^'ivfscs, and rci'Icctrd tothe j 
 Filty-cifrlilli t'ongrt'SH an a Ucjuitplii-an. 
 
 Howell, David, was born in Xew Jersey Jan- i 
 uarv 1, 1747: |iursuoil clas.-iical studies and (rradn- 
 atc<\ fmni rrimoton Collc).'"' in 1 77li; studied law 
 and ailmillfd to the bar; niiunienced jiractice at 
 I'roviilence. U. 1.; I>elet;ale from that State to the 
 t'ontiuental ConvrresH 178'.'-17S.'v, attorney-peiieral 
 of the Stati' in 17S!); jirofessor of law in Mrown 
 I'niversitv 17i»(>-1824; judt;e of the I'nited States 
 district court for Kliode Island 1S1L'-1S-.M: died at 
 I'rovi.lence. K. I., July •-'(•, ISl'li. 
 
 Howell, Edward, was a native of New York; 
 attended the pnhlie schools; resident of Bath; 
 State representative in ISIil'; elected a Representa- 
 tive from New Yorlv to the Twenty-third Congress 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Howell, Elias, was a native i<i New Jersey; 
 attended the puhlic scho.ils; moved to Newark, 
 Ohio; electe<l a Keiiresentative friim Ohio tn the 
 Twenty-fourth ('undress as a Whig; died near 
 Newark, Ohio, May, IM4. 
 
 Howell, James B., was born in New Jersey 
 July 4, ISlii; move<l to Newark, Ohio, in IHlit; 
 graduated Ircmi Mianu I'niversity, Ohio, in ls;!7; 
 studied law at Lancaster; adnutteil to the liar in 
 1839; moved to Keosaui|ua, Iowa, in 1,S41, wliere 
 he practiced for several years; eiigafied in news- 
 paperwork, anil in 1S4!I moveil to Keokuk; jiromi- 
 nent in organizing the Hepulilican parly in Iowa; 
 delegate to the national Kepnlilican convention in 
 \8riti; elected a I'niteil Stales Senatorfrnm Ii^wa as 
 a Republican (vice James \V. (irimes, resigned), 
 serving from January L'ti, 1S7(1, to March 3, 1871; 
 died at Keokuk, Iowa, ,lune 17, IS.HO. 
 
 Howell, Jeremiah B., was liorn in Rhode 
 Island in 1772; imrsiied classical studies, and grad- 
 uated from lirown I'niversity in 17sii: studied law 
 and admitted to the bar; began practice at I'rovi- 
 dence; a Tnited States Senator from Rhode Island 
 18n-lS17; die<l at Providence. R. l.,in \S-22. 
 
 Howell, Nathaniel, wa,s born in the State of 
 New Y'ork; graduated from Princeton College in 
 1788; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Thirteenth Congress; died at C'anandaigua, 
 N. Y., October 16, 1821. 
 
 Howey, Benjamin F. , was liorn at Pleji.sant 
 Meadows, near Swedesboro, (ilouce.ster Comity, 
 N. J., March 17, 1828; educated by a private tutor 
 at Plea.sant Meadows and at the acailemies at 
 Swedesboro and Bridgeton, N. J.; engiiged in 
 i|uarrying and manufacturing rooting and school 
 slates"; captain of Company (i Thirty-tirst Regi- 
 ment New Jersey Volunteers from Sc[ tetuber 3, 
 1862, to June26,'l8r)3; sheriff of Warren County, 
 N. J., from November 13, 1878, to November 15, 
 1881; elected to the Forty-eighth Congress as a 
 Republican; died Kebnuiry 6, 1S!I3. 
 
 Howland, Benjamin, was born at Tiverton, 
 K. I., in I7.i(>; attended tlu' public schools; held 
 several local othces; meinUTof the general assem- 
 bly; elected a I'niteil States Senator from Rhode 
 Isfand as a Democrat, vice Samuel J. I'otter, de- 
 ceased; took his seat December 3, 1804, serving 
 until March 3, 1809; died at Tivertnu, R. 1., May 
 9. 1821. 
 
 Howley, Richard, was born in LibertyC^juiity, 
 (ia., about 174(1; received a lilHTal education; stud- 
 ied law and. admitted to the bar; member of the 
 State house of repre.ientatives; governor of < ieorgia 
 in 1780; Delegate from (ieorgia to the Continental 
 Congrc-^s 1780-81; died about 1700. 
 
 Hubard, Edmund 'W., was a native of Virginia; 
 resident of Ciirdsville; elected a Representative 
 from \'irginia to the Twenty-seventh, Twenty- 
 eighth, and Twenty-ninth Congresses as a Demo- 
 crat. 
 
 Hubbard, Asahel 'W. , was born at lladdam. 
 Conn., Jamiary 19, 1818; attended the public 
 schools; moved to Indiana iti 1.S20, where he taught 
 school and studied law ; memberof the State legis- 
 lature 1S47-1849; moved to Iowa in 18.">7; elected 
 judge of the fourth judicial district; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Iowa to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
 gress asa Republican; reelected to theThirty-nintli 
 and Fortieth t'ongresses. 
 
 Hubbard, Chester D., was born at Ilamdeu, 
 Conn., Novi'iiiln'r 2."!, 1S14; moved with his parents 
 to Wheeling, Va., l.slO; graduated from the Wes- 
 leyan I'niversity in 1840; became a banker, and 
 largely interested in iron and lumber; niendier of 
 the State legislature of Virginia in 18.")2 and 18."j3; 
 delegate to the Virginia convention at Richmond 
 in ISlil, and opposed secession; delegate to the West 
 Virginia convention at Wheeling short time after- 
 wards; strong Union man; State senator of West 
 Virginia I8(i3-(i4; delegate to the national Re- 
 publican conventifin of 18(54; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from West Virginia to the Thirty-ninth 
 Congress as a Republican, and reelected to the 
 Fortieth Congress; died at Wheeling, W. Va,, 
 August 23, 1891. 
 
 Hubbard, David, was born in Virginia in 1806; 
 received an academic education; in his youth moved 
 to .Alabama; studied and jiracticed law ; solicitor 
 of hisjudicial district; State senator in 1830, and a 
 State representative in 1831, 1842, 1843, l.H4.i, and 
 18.i3; elected a Representative from Alabama to 
 the Twenty-sixth Congre.ss as a State Rights 
 Democrat; Presidential elector on the Democratic 
 ticket in l.'<44; electtnl a Rejiresentative to the 
 Thirtv-lir>t Congress; Presidential elector on the 
 Breckinridge and Lane ticket in 18tK); after the 
 war moved to Nashville, Tenn. 
 
 Hubbard, Demas, was born at Winfield, N. Y., 
 January 17, 1800; received an academic education; 
 studied law; .idmitted to the bar and began prac- 
 tice at Smyrna; held .several local olHces; a State 
 representative 18.3.S-1S40; electeil a Representative 
 from New York to the Thirty-ninth Congre-ss as a 
 Republican; died at Smyrna, N. Y., Septemlx-r 2, 
 1873. 
 
 Hubbard, Henry, was born at Charlestown, 
 N. II., May 3, 1784; pursued da.ssical studie-s and 
 graduated irom Dartmouth College in 1803; studied 
 law; admitted to the bar; State repre.s«>ntative 
 1812-181.i, 1819-20, 1823-1827, serving three years 
 as speaker; State solicitor for Cheshire County 
 182.'J-1828; jirobate judge 1827-1829; elected a 
 Representative from New Hampshire to the 
 Twenty-drst, Twenty-.second, and Twenty-third 
 Congresses as a Democrat; I'nited States Senator 
 LS3il-l841; governor of New Hampshire 1841-1843; 
 rnited States subtreasurer at Boston 1,846-1.849; 
 died at Charlestown, N. II., June .5,18.57. 
 
 Hubbard, Joel D., of Versailles, Mo., was Inirn 
 near Marshall, Saline Countx , Mo.. Novemlier ti. 
 1860; attended the public scbool. Central College, 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 609 
 
 Fayette, Mo., and graduated from the Missouri 
 Medical College, St. Louis, in 1883; practiced 
 medicine in Morgan County, at Syracuse, Mo., 
 until 1886; elected county clerk in tliat year, and 
 reelected in 1890; elected to the Fifty-fourth Con- 
 gress as a Republican; returned to \Vrsailles, 
 Blorgan County, Mo.; engaged in the banking 
 business; also largely interested in mining. 
 
 Hubbard, John H., was born at Salisbury, 
 Conn., in 1805; attended the public schools; studied 
 law; adniitteil to the liar in l.s2(j, and commenced 
 practice at Litchfield; county attorney for five 
 years; twice elected State senator; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Connecticut to the Thirty-eighth 
 Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Hubbard, Jonathan H. , was born at Windsor, 
 Yt., in 1768; received a liberal education; studied 
 law; admitted to the bar; elected a Representative 
 from A'ermont to the Eleventh C'ongress; judge of 
 the State supreme court 181.3-1845; died at Wind- 
 sor, Vt., September 20, 1849. 
 
 Hubbard, Levi, was a native of INIassachusetts; 
 
 State rcjiresentative 1804-180.5, and a State senator 
 18tl6-1811; elected a Representative from Massa- 
 chusetts to the Thirteenth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; again a State senator in 1816; an executive 
 councilor in 1829. 
 
 Hubbard, Richard D., was born at Berlin, 
 Conn., September 7, 1818; graduated from Yale 
 College in 18.39; studied law; admitted to the bar 
 in 1842; elected to the legislature in 1842, and 
 again a member in 1855 and 1858; State attorney 
 for Hartford County 1846-1868; elected a Rep- 
 resentative to the Fortieth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; declined a reelection; defeated as the Dem- 
 ocratic candidate for governor in 1872; elected in 
 1876, and again defeated in 1878; died in Hart- 
 ford, Conn., February 28, 1884. 
 
 Hubbard, Samuel Dickinson, was born at 
 IMiddletown, Conn., August 10, 1779; pursued 
 classical studies and gi-a<luated from Yale College 
 in 1819; studied law, but devoted himself to man- 
 ufacturing; elected a Reiiresentative from Con- 
 necticut to the Twenty-ninth Congress as a ^Vhig; 
 reelected to the Thirtieth Congress; Postmaster- 
 tJeneral August 31, 1852, to March 7, 1853; died 
 at Middletown, Conn., October 8, 1855. 
 
 Hubbard, Thomas H. , was l>orn at New Haven, 
 Conn., in 17S0; pursued classical studies and grad- 
 uated from Yale College in 1798; studied law and 
 admitted to the bar; began practice at Hamiltim, 
 N. Y.; surrogate of Madison County 1806-1816; 
 Presidential elect(jr on the Democratic ticket in 
 1812; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Fifteenth and Seventeenth Congresses as a 
 Democrat; moved to Utica, N. Y.; Presidential 
 elector on the Democratic ticket in 1844 and 1852; 
 died at Utica, N. Y., May 22, 1857. 
 
 Hubbell, Edwin N., was born at Co.xsackie, 
 N. Y., August 13, 1815; received an academic edu- 
 cation; farmer; several years supervisor of Greene 
 County; elected a Representative from New York 
 to the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Hubbell, James R. , was born in Delaware 
 County, Ohio, in 1824; attended the public schools; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar; for four years 
 a State representative, two of which he was 
 speaker; Presidential elector on the Rei)ublican 
 ticket in 1856; elected a Representative from Ohio 
 to the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Reijublican. 
 
 H. Doc. 458 39 
 
 Hubbell, Jay A., was born at Avon, INIich., 
 September 15, 1829; graduated from the University 
 of Michigan in 1853; admitted to the jiracticeof law 
 in 1855; moved to Ontonagon, jSIich., in Novem- 
 ber, 18.55; elected district attorney of the ujiper 
 peninsula in 1857, and again in 1859; moved to 
 Houghton, Mich., in February, 1860; elected pros- 
 ecuting attorney of Houghton County in 1861, 1863, 
 and 1865; engaged in the practice of law until 1870; 
 identified with the development of the mineral 
 interests of the upper peninsula; appointed by the 
 governor of Michigan in 1876 State commissioner 
 to the Centennial Exhibition and collected and 
 prepared the State exhibit of minerals; elected to 
 the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty- 
 sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses as a Repub- 
 lican; after the e.xpiration of his term in Congress 
 liecame circuit judge of his home county in Michi- 
 gan, which jiosition he held for a number of years, 
 when he resigned; died in 1900. 
 
 Hubbell, William S., was a native of Steuben 
 County, N. Y.; attended the public schools; a 
 State representative in 1841 ; elected a Representa- 
 tive from New York to the Twenty-eiglith Con- 
 gress as a Democrat. 
 
 Hubbs, Orlando, of Newbern, N. C, was born 
 in New York, February 18, 1840; elected to the 
 Forty-.«eventli Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Hubley, Edward B., was a native of Phila- 
 delphia; attended the public schools; elected a 
 Representative from Pennsylvania to the Twenty- 
 fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses as a Jackson 
 Democrat; died at Philadelphia, Pa., Februarv 23, 
 18.56. 
 
 Hudd, Thomas R., was born at Buffalo, N. Y., 
 
 October 2, 1835; moved to Wisconsin in 1853, and 
 settled at Appleton, from whence, in 1868, he 
 moved to Green Bay; educated in the common 
 schools, printing office, and Lawrence University; 
 attorney at law'; district attorney of Outagamie 
 County 1856-57; city attorney of Green Bay 1873- 
 74; State senator from the twenty-second district 
 in 1862 and 1863; member of the State a.sseiul)ly 
 from Outagamie County in 1868 and from Brown 
 County in 1875; State senator from second district 
 1876-1879; delegate from the State at large to the 
 national Democratic convention at Cincinnati in 
 1880; State senator 1882 and 1S83, and reelected for 
 the term ending Decembe 31,1888; elected to the 
 Forty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, to fill the va- 
 cancy caused by the death of Hon. Joseph Rankin, 
 and took his seat March 8, 1886; reelected to the 
 Fiftieth Congress; died at Green Bav, AVis., June 
 22, 1896. 
 
 Hudson, Charles, wa.s born at Jlarlboro, Mass., 
 November 14, 1795; reared on a farm; attended the 
 conmion schools; studied theology; ordained as a 
 Universalist preacher in 1819; State representative 
 1828-1833; State senator 1833-1839; executive coun- 
 cilor 1839-1841; elected a Rty^re.sentative from 
 Massachusetts to the Twenty-seventh, Twenty- 
 eighth, Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth Congresses 
 as a AVhig; naval otiicer of Boston 1849-1853; 
 edited the Boston Daily Atlas; asses.sor of internal 
 revenue 1864-1868; died at Lexington, Mass., i\Iav 
 4, 1881. 
 
 Hudson, Thomas J., of Fredonia, Kans., was 
 born October 30, 1844, in the State of Indiana; 
 brought up on a farm; went to school on money 
 earned by himself; moved to Kansas in the spring 
 of 1866 and engaged in farming for fiiur years; 
 studied law and commenced to practice in 1870; 
 member of the Kansas legislature, county attorney 
 
OK) 
 
 CONOKESSIONAL DIRECTORY, 
 
 of his countv thrcp time.", mid iiinyor nf liis city a 
 niiiiilHT of tinie.--; nominated liy Imtli tin- I'coplo's 
 I'lirty anil the IH'niorrats In the Kifty-tliird Con- 
 triViiH, and I'li'fted ax a roimlist l)y IVipnlistM ami 
 Deuiocrat!-; rfsiinied llie i)ractice of law after 
 leaving Coiifjri-iis. 
 
 Huff, Georg-e Franklin, of (iri'enshnrn, I'a., 
 wa.i limii :it Norrislipw n, .MnntpmiiTy County, I'a., 
 Julylti, IN4L'; received his education in the pulilic 
 schools at MidilU'town, Dauphin County, an<l 
 Altoona, I'.lair Cuunty, where he Icariuil the traiii' 
 cf car linisliin;;; entered the liaiikin^' liu.<iiie.«s, and 
 employed in the l>ankin^; house of Wiihani M. 
 Lloyd it Co. until ISliT, when lie moved ti> West- 
 moreland County, I'a.-, entrajied in the liankiu;; 
 bu.siness at (irconsburj:, and largely identified with 
 the inilustrial and minins; interest.-* of western 
 Pennsylvania; menilierof the national Hcpuhlican 
 convention at Chicajio in ISSO, where he came into 
 national prominence as one ot tlu- "( lid (iuard." 
 or " Immortal .'iOti;" electcil to tiie senate of I'enii- 
 svlvania in Xovemlier, IS.M, and represented the 
 tiiirtv-ninth senatorial district in that l)ody until 
 the close of the term in IS.SS; elected to the Fil'ty- 
 sei-ond Congress as a Kepublican; reelected to the 
 Fifty-fourth Ccjngress. 
 
 Hufty, Jacob, was a native of Xew Jersey; 
 elected a Kejiresentative from that State to the 
 Eleventh, Twelfth, and Thirteenth Congresses as a 
 Democrat, .serving until his death, at Salem, N. J., 
 May I'O, ISH. 
 
 Hugger, Benjamin, \va.s born near Charleston, 
 S. C. ; received an academic education; elected a 
 Representative from that State to the Sixth, 
 Seventli, ICighth, and fourteenth Congresses. 
 
 Huger, Daniel, was born on Limerick Planta- 
 tion, S. {'., February 20, 1741; i)rominent in the 
 Revolutionary war; Delegate from South Carolina 
 to the Continental <"ongress 17S(>-17SS; elected a 
 Representative from that State to the First and 
 Sei'ond Congresses; die<l at Charlestfin, S. C., .lulv 
 1, 179!t. 
 
 Huger, Daniel Elliott, was born on Limerick 
 Plantation. S. ('., .June L'S. 177SI; iiui-sued cla.ssical 
 studies; graihiated from Princeton College in 17!tS; 
 sttidieil law, admitted to the bar, and began prac- 
 tice at Charleston, S. C. ; .•^erved in both branches 
 of the legislature; elected a CnitiHl States Senator 
 from South Carolina as a State Uights Democrat 
 (vice John C. Calhoun, resigned), serving from 
 December?, lS4;i, to 1S4.5, when he resigned; judge 
 of the superior court; died at SuUivans Island, 
 S. C, August 21, 18.54. 
 
 Hughes, Charles, was a native of (ieorgia; 
 received a liberal education; studied law and ])rac- 
 ticed; moved to Sandy Mill, M. Y.; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New York to the Thirty-third 
 Congress as a r)eniocrat; provost-marshal ior the 
 Sixteenth district of New York in IsiiL'. 
 
 Hughes, George W., was born at Flinira, 
 N. Y., September .SO, ISOli; received a liberal ed- 
 ucation, and in 1S27 graduated from West Point 
 Military Academy; became a civil engineer in New 
 York City; reappointed to the .\rniy in IK.SK; 
 served in the Mexican war; resigned his connni.s- 
 sion in 1H.tI and bcame president of the North- 
 ern Central Railroad; elected a Ri'pre.sentative 
 from Maryland to the Thirty-sixth Congress !is a 
 Democrat; ilied at West River, Md., September 3, 
 1870. 
 
 Hughes, James, was born at Ilampslcad, Md., 
 November 24, 1823; graduatol from the State 
 
 Cniversity of Indiana; studied law, and in IH42 
 adinitteil to the bar; served in the .Mexi<-an war; 
 circuit judge for live years; |irofes.sor of law at the 
 University of Indiana 1 Ko.'i- 1 S.it) ; electeil a Repre- 
 sentative from Indiana to tlicThirty-tifth Congress 
 as a Democrat; judge of the court of claims IWil- 
 ISti.'i; appointed cotton agent of the Treasury De- 
 liartment 18(j(>-lS<>S. 
 
 Hughes, James Anthony, of Huntington, W. 
 Va., was born at Coruniia. < )ntario, February 27, 
 liSlil; moved with liis parents to .Vshland, Ky., 
 whi-re he entered on a business career in. I idy, 1X73; 
 elected to represent the counties of Pioyil and 
 Lawrence in the legislature of Kentucky for the 
 years 1887 and 18S8; moved to West Virginia; 
 Stjite senator I.H94-1898; electe.1 to the Fifly- 
 .«eventh Congress and reelected to the Fifty-eighth 
 Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Hughes, James M., was a native of Kentucky; 
 moved to Liberty, Mo.; elected a Representative 
 from Missouri to the Twenty-eighth Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Hughes, Thomas H. , was a native of New- 
 Jersey; received a public school cilucat ion; eleett»<l 
 a Representative from New Jersey to the Twenty- 
 
 lirst and Twenty-second Congres.ses. 
 
 Hughston, Jonas A., was born in New York; 
 received a lilieral education; studied law; began 
 practice at Delhi, N. Y.; district attorney of Dela- 
 ware County 1S42-184.5; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Thirtv-fourtli Congress as a 
 Whig; appointeil marshal ot' the consular court at 
 Shanghai, China, and died there in l,st)2. 
 
 Huguniu, Daniel, was born in Montgomery 
 County, N. Y., in 17«I; received a cla.ssical edu- 
 cation; served in the war of 1812; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New York to the Nineteenth 
 Congress; apjiointed I'nited States marshal of the 
 Territ(5rv of Wyoming; died at Kenosha, Wis., 
 June 21," 18.50. 
 
 Hulbert, John W., was a native of Mas.«iachu- 
 setts; received a lil>eral clucation; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Massachusetts to the Thirteenth 
 Congress (vice Daniel Dewey, resigned) ;ls a Fed- 
 eralist; reelected to the Fourteenth Congress. 
 
 Hulburd, Calvin T., was born at Stockholm, 
 N, Y.,.Iune.5. !80!l; received a liberal education; 
 graduated from MicMlebury College. Vt.; attende<l 
 Yale College Law School; merchant; niemlier of 
 the State legislature of New York 1.S42. 1843, 1844, 
 anti 18(i2; elected a Representative from New York 
 to the Thirty-eighth Congress ;is a Republican; 
 reelected to the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Con- 
 gres.ses. 
 
 Hulick, George W., of r!atavia,( )hio, waslKirn 
 there June 211, \S.',.',: attended public schools in 
 winter and worked on his father's farm during 
 summer; took charge of Plea.saiit Hill .\cademv 
 and taught tw<p years, during which tim<' he stmf- 
 ied law ; admitted to the bar by the district court 
 Mar.-h, 18.57, and at once commenceil ||n' practice 
 at Hatavia; enlisted under the lirstcall as a private 
 in Qpuipany F, Twenty-second Regiment Ohio 
 Volunteer Infantry, .\pril 14, 18(il; appointed 
 orderly sergeant atnl afterwards elci-tiil captain 
 of thecom]iany; dischargeil, by expiration of term 
 o( enlistnn'iit. August Hi, l.Stil; eh-cted prolwte 
 juilgeof Clermont County in lHt>.'{ and .served from 
 February, 1S|)4. to February, lSt>7: served nine 
 years on the board of education of Batavia; dele- 
 gate from Ohio to the Republican national con- 
 vention at Chicago iu 1808; elector in 187t> for the 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 Gil 
 
 Third ilistriot of Ohio on the Hayes and Wheeler 
 Presidential ticket; elected to the Fifty-tliird and 
 Fifty-fourth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Huling, James H., of Charleston, W. Va., was 
 liorn at Willianisiiort, Pa., March 24, 1844; raised 
 on a farm ami educateil in the public schools and 
 Dickinson Seminary, at Williamsport, Pa.; served 
 in the Pennsylvania cavah-y in 1863; engaged in 
 the lumber business in his native State up to 1869, 
 when he moved to West ^'irginia, where he en- 
 gaged in the same business up to 1874; afterwards 
 actively engaged in thereal estate business; elected 
 mayor of Charleston, W. Va., in 1884, being the 
 first Republican ever elected to that office; declined 
 a renomiuation; elected to the Fifty-fourth Con- 
 gress as a Republican. 
 
 Hull, John A. T., of Des Moines, Iowa, was 
 born at Sabina, Clinton County, Ohio, May 1, 
 1841; moved with his parents to Iowa in 1849; edu- 
 cated in j)ul)lic schools, Asbury (Indiana) Univer- 
 sity, and Iowa A\' csleyan College, at Mount Pleas- 
 ant; graduated from the Cincinnati (Ohio) Law 
 School in the spring of 1862; enlisted in the 
 Twenty-third Iowa Infantry July, l.S()2; first lieu- 
 tenant and captain; wounded in the charge on 
 intrenchments at Black River May 17, 1863; re- 
 signed on account of wounds October, 1863; 
 elected secretary of the Iowa State senate in 1872, 
 and reelected in 1874, 1876, and 1878; elected sec- 
 retary of state in 1878 and reelected in 1880 and 
 1882; elected lieutenant-governor in 188.5 and re- 
 elected in 1887; engaged in farming and Vianking: 
 elected to the Fifty-second, Fifty-third, Fifty- 
 fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixtli, FiftV-seventh and 
 Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Hull, Noble A., of Sanford, Fla., was born in 
 Camden County, Ca., iNhirch 11, 1827; educated 
 in his native county of Camden and at Savannah, 
 Ga. ; merchant; member of the house of represent- 
 atives of Florida in 1860 and 1861; captain of 
 cavalry in the Confederate army; elected lieuten- 
 ant-governor of Florida in 1876; elected a Repre- 
 tative to the Forty-sixth Congress as a Democrat; 
 his seat was contested by Horatio Bisbee, jr. , result- 
 ing in the seating of Bisbee, wdio was sworn in 
 January 22, 1881. 
 
 Humphrey, Charles, was born in Orange 
 County, N. Y., in 1791; attended public schools; 
 moved to Ithaca, Tompkins County: elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Nineteenth 
 Congress; member of tlie State house of represent- 
 atives 1834-1836 and 1842, serving as speaker 
 January 6, 1835, to Mav 26, 1836; died at Albany, 
 N. Y., July 18, 1850. 
 
 Humphrey, Herman L., of Hudson, Wis., 
 was liorn at Candor, Tioga Cimnty, N. Y., ^March 
 14, 1830; received a public school education, with 
 the addition of one year in Cortland Academy; 
 became a merchant's clerk at the age of 16 in 
 Ithaca, N. Y., and remaineil there for several 
 years; studied law; admitted to the bar in July, 
 1854, and moved to Hudson, Wis., where he com- 
 menced practice in January, 1855; soon after ap- 
 pointed district attorney of St. Croix County, to fill 
 a vacancy ; appointt^d bj- the governor county judge 
 of St. Croix County to fill a vacancy, in the fall 
 of 1860, and in the spring of 1861 elected for the 
 full term of four years from the following January; 
 elected to the State senate for two years, and in 
 February, 1862, resigned the office of county judge; 
 elected mayor of Hudson for one year; elected in 
 the spring of 1866 judge of the eighth judicial cir- 
 cuit, and reelected in 1872; elected a Repiresenta- 
 
 tive from Wisconsin to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, 
 and Forty-seventh Congresses as a Republican; re- 
 sumed the practice of law after leaving C'ongress. 
 
 Humphrey, James, was born at Fairfield, 
 Conn., Octoljer 9, isl I ; received a classical educa- 
 tion; grailuated from Amherst College in 1831; 
 studied law and practiced; moved to Louisville, 
 Ky., in 1837, and one year later moved to New 
 York; elected a Representative from New Y'ork to 
 the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-ninth Congresses as a 
 Republican; died June 16, 1866, at Brooklyn, 
 
 Humphrey, James M. , was born at Holland, 
 N. Y.. September 21, 1819; receive<l a common 
 school education; studied law and practiced; dis- 
 trict attorney for Erie County 1857-1859; member 
 of the State senate 1863-1865; elected a Representa- 
 tive from New York to the Thirty-ninth Congress 
 as a Democrat; reelected to the Fortieth Congrass. 
 
 Humphrey, Reuben, was a native of New 
 York; received a liberal education; memberof the 
 State senate ISl 1-1814; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Tenth Congress. 
 
 Humphreys, Charles, was born at Haverford, 
 Pa., in 1712; received a liljeral education; became 
 a miller; member of the Provincial ('ongress, 
 1764—1774; Delegate from Pennsylvania to the 
 Continental Congress 1774-1776; died at Haver- 
 ford, Pa., .March 11, 1786. 
 
 Humphreys, Perry W., received a liberal edu- 
 cation; studied law and practiced in Tennessee; 
 elected a Representative from Tennessee to the 
 Thirteenth Congress as a Democrat; moved to 
 Hernando, Miss., where he died March 1, 18.39. 
 
 Hungerford, John N., was liorn at ^'ernon, 
 N. Y., December 31, 1825; received a liberal edu- 
 cation and in 1846 graduated from Hamilton Col- 
 lege; engaged in banking business at Corning in 
 1848; delegate to the national Republican conven- 
 tion at Philadelphia in 1872; elected a Representa- 
 tive from New York to the Forty-fifth Congress as 
 a Republican. 
 
 Hungerford, John P. , was born in Virginia in 
 1769; received a thorough English education; 
 served in the Revolutionary war; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Virginia to the Twelfth Congress as 
 a Democrat, serving from November 4, 1811, to 
 December 2, 1811, his seat having been success- 
 fully contested by John Taliaferro; elected to the 
 Thirteenth Congress; his seat was again contested 
 by Taliaferro, but unsuccessfully; reelected to the 
 Fourteenth C'ongress; served in the war of 1812 as 
 brigadier-general of militia; died in Westmoreland 
 County, Va., December 21, 1833. 
 
 Hungerford, Orville, was born in Connecticut 
 in 1790; received a public school education, and 
 moved to Watertown. X. Y.; studied law and prac- 
 ticed; elected a Reiiresentative from New York 
 to the Twenty-eightli Congi-ess as a Democrat; 
 reelected to the Twentv-ninth Congress; died at 
 AVatertown, N. Y., Ai>rii 6, 1855. 
 
 Hunt, Carleton, of New Orleans, La., was born 
 there January 1. 1836; grailuated from Harvard 
 College in 1856; received the degree of A. M. from 
 the same university in 1859, and the degree of 
 LL. B. from the law department of the University 
 of Louisiana in 18.58; admitted to the bar of Louisi- 
 ana in 1858; elected in 1860 a member of the con- 
 vention of the Constitutional Union party which 
 metat Baton Rouge. La. ; ajipointed in April. 1861, 
 first lieutenant in the Ixiuisiana Regiment of Ar- 
 
dlL' 
 
 CONGRKSSIONAI. DIUKCTOKV. 
 
 tillery, C\)iifi'ileratc army, a<liiiiiiistrntiir uf tho 
 I'nivcivity i>f Lidiisiaim in isilii; a iiicmlHT of tlie 
 (■iiiiiinitti-i- to fxaiiiinc applii ants lor ailniission to 
 tlio bar; apiiointcil iirolcssnr of ailiiiiralty and in- 
 tt-rnational law in tlu- I'nivcrsily of I.onisiana in 
 18(1(1, anil later (lean of tin- facnlty for ten Vfars; 
 professor of livil law in the I'niversily of l.onisiana 
 in 1S7!I; <loetor of laws in the same university in 
 18K0; eleeteil to the Korty-ei;:hth Coii};ress as a 
 DemiH-rat. 
 
 Hunt, Hiram P., was a native of New York; 
 reeeiveil a iiiiMii- school e'liieation; eleeted a Hep- 
 resentalive from New York to the Twi'nly-fourth 
 Conjrress as a Whi^;; defeated for reeleetion; eleeted 
 to the Twenty-sixth and Twentv-seventh Con- 
 gresses; declined a reeleetion; die("l at Troy, X. Y. 
 
 Hunt, James B., was horn in New York in 
 17!'!l; recei\e<l an academic e<ln<ation; slu<lied law 
 and licfian jiractice at New York City; moved to 
 Tontiac, Mich., in is:i(i; elected a Representative 
 from Michi<_'an to the Twenty-ei>;hth Cont.'ress as 
 a Democrat; reelecte<l to the Twenty-ninth Con- 
 gress; dieil at Washinjiton, D. C, August 1."), 18.">7. 
 
 Hunt, Jonathan, was a native of Vermont; 
 graduated from l)art mouth College in 1807; studied 
 law anil lugan ^)ral■tice at lirattlehoro; elected a 
 Representative trom Vermont to the Twentieth 
 Congress; reelected to the Twenty-lirst and 
 Twenty-second Congresses; died at Washington, 
 D. C.May 15, 1832. 
 
 Hunt, Samuel, was a native of New Hampshire; 
 received a lilieral education; studii'd law and prac- 
 ticed at Alslead, N. 11.; left the pnutice in 17!»ri; 
 n)end>erof the State legislature of New Hampshire; 
 elected a I\epre.>ientative from New llamiishire to 
 the Seventh Congress, vice .losepli Pierce, re- 
 signed; reelected to the Eighth Congress; died in 
 1807. 
 
 Hunt, Theodore G. , was a native of Sontli 
 Carolina; received a liln'ral education; studied law 
 and commenced practice at New t)rleans; elected 
 a Representative from l.onisiana to the Thirty- 
 third Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Hunt, Washington, was horn at Windham, 
 Greene County, N. Y., August ."), 1811; received a 
 lilKTal education; studied law and began practice 
 at Lockport; appoinleii tii-st judge of .Niagara 
 County in 18:i(>; clecteda Representative from New 
 York to the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig; 
 reelected to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtielh Con- 
 gre.-ses; comptroller of New York I.s4!»-.")U; gov- 
 ernor of New York as a Whig !,s.")0-18.=>2; defeated 
 for reelection; delei-ate to the Chicago convention 
 of 18(54; died at New York City, February L'. 18ti7. 
 
 Hunter, Andrew J., of Paris, III., wa-s born 
 at (ireencastle, Ind.. December 17. IS.'il; moved 
 with his parenlsto KdgarCounty, 111.; atti-nded the 
 common schools until l"i years old. and then sent to 
 the IMgar .\cademy, w here he tinishi'd his educa- 
 tion; conuiienced busine.-s life as a civil engineer, 
 spendingthrce years in that employment; stndieil 
 law; admitted to the bar and practiced his profes- 
 .sion at Paris; elected to the .stale .-enate in 18(>4; 
 a mendier of the board of investigation of State 
 institutions; elected county judge of the Kdgar 
 County court in 1880, and agiiin in 18'.»0, serving 
 six years; nominated by the .'^tate convi'Utiiui a 
 candidate for Congres«maii at large in 18!»L', and 
 elected to the Kifty-third Congress as a Democrat; 
 reelected to the Fifty-tiftli Congress. 
 
 Hunter, John, wils born in South Carolina 
 about 17(11); reeeiveil a liberal education; elected a 
 Representative from .South Carolina to the Third 
 Congress; elected a I'nited Slates Senator from 
 South Carolina (vice Pieri'e Hiiller, re.signe<l), 
 .serving from .lanuary 27, 17517, to 1798, when he 
 resigned. 
 
 Hunter, John W. , was born at Brooklyn. N. Y., 
 October 1.1, 1.807; received a liberal education; 
 clerk in the New York cn.stom-lion.se 18.31-18:{(1; 
 assistant auditor of custom-house 1 8:?(>- 1 8ti."> ; en- 
 gaged in banking; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Thirty-ninth Congress (vice 
 .lames llnmphrev, deceased i, serving from De- 
 cember -1, l.siiii, to March S, 1.S07; died in liHK). 
 
 Hunter, Morton C, was born at Versailles, 
 Ind., February ."i, l.si'.i; received a classical educa- 
 tion; studied law amladmitted to the bar; served 
 in the State house of rejiresentatives l.S.i8; served 
 in the civil war with the Cnion forces; commanded 
 the First Krigade, Third Division, Fourteenth 
 Army Corps; with .Sherman in his march to the 
 sea; eleeteil a Representative from Indiana to the 
 Fortieth, Forty-third, Forty-fourth, and Forty- 
 fifth Congresses as a Re)inblican; dieil in 1,89(1. 
 
 Hunter, Narsworthy, was elected a Delegate 
 from .Mississippi Territorv to the .Seventh Con- 
 gress; died :M:irrh I, lsOL>.'at Washington, D. C. 
 
 Hunter, Robert M. T., was born in Esse.x 
 County, Va., .\pril 21, 1809; receive<l a liberal 
 education and graduated from the University of 
 Virginia; studied law, and in 1,8:30 admitted to the 
 bar; elected a Representative from \'irginia to the 
 Twenty-liflh, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-.seventh 
 Congresses; defeated for reelection; servi'd as 
 Speaker of the House in the Twenty-sixth Con- 
 gross; defeated for the Twenty-eighth Congress; 
 elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress; elected a 
 United .Slates Senator from Virginia, serving itijiit- ■ 
 1847until he withdrew when Virginia secedeH, and f 
 in .lulv, 1.8H1, wasex|>elled; delegate from \'irginia 
 to the Confederate |irovincial congress at Rich- 
 mond; Confederate State Senator from Virginia to 
 the First Confederate Congrefs; Confederate Sec- 
 retary of State; »'lected .State trea^iurer of Virginia 
 in 1877; ilied in Fs.sex County, Va., July 18, 1887. 
 
 Hunter, W. Godfrey, of Hurkesville, Ky.,was 
 born iu l.'^41; educated I'orand jiracticed medicine; 
 surgeon in the Union .\rmy during the late war; 
 thrice elected a member of the Kentucky legisla- 
 ture; delegate to the Re]iubliian natioruil conven- 
 tion at Chicago in 18,80; elected to the Fiftieth and 
 Fifty-fourth Congres.ses as a Republican; appointed 
 minister to liuatemala by Presiilent McKinley. 
 
 Hunter, William, was born at Newport, R. I., 
 November 2(1, 1774; >;radnaled from lirown Uni- 
 versity iu 17!'!; studied medicine in London; re- 
 tunuMl to Newport and in 179(1 admitted to the 
 bar; served several yeare in the State house of rep- 
 n'sentatives; I'lected a United States Senator from 
 Rhode Island (vice C. (i. Champlin, resignt»<l), 
 and reelected, serving from November 2."). 1811, to 
 March:!, 1821; conunissioiusi iliargc d'affaires to 
 Hra/.il .Inne 'Js, 18:14, and ministtT plenipotentiary 
 September l:i. 1841. serving until Deceud>er 9, 
 l,84:i; died at .Newport, R. 1., Dweml>er;i, 1849. 
 
 Hunter, William, was a native of Vermont; 
 receive*! a common school education; studit.<l law 
 and practiced; meiidKTof the -s^tate hon.se of rep- 
 re.sentati\es 1 .><U7- 1 ,809 ; .state councilor in li^O*,>, 
 1814, and 18l.'>; elected a Representative from 
 Vermont to the Fifteenth Congress. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 (il3 
 
 Hunter, William F. , was born at Alexandria, 
 Va., December 10, ISOS; reeeiveil a comnion 
 school education: studied law and [iracticed; 
 moved tctWoodslield, Ohio; elected a Uopresenta- 
 tive from Ohio to the Thirty-tirst CimL'ress as a 
 Whiir: reelected to the Thirty-second Congress. 
 
 Hunter, William H., of Sandusky, Ohio, was 
 elected a Representative from Ohio to tlu- Twenty- 
 fifth C'ongress. 
 
 Hunting-ton, Abel, was born at Norwich, 
 Conn., in 177ii; receiveilalibcral education; moved 
 to East 1 lampton. Long Island, where he )iracticed 
 medicine; elected a Representative from New York 
 to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses 
 asaDemocrat; collector of customs at 8agHarl)or 
 1845-1849; died :\Iay 18, 1858, at East Hampton. 
 
 Huntington, Benjamin, was born at Norwich, 
 Conn., .Vjiril 19, IToti; received a liberal education 
 and in 1761 graduated from Yale College; studied 
 law and began practice at Norwich; Delegate from 
 Connecticut to the Continental Congress ! 780-1784 
 and 1787-1788; elected a Rejiresentutive from Con- 
 necticut to the First Congress; served in the State 
 senate 1781-1791 and 1791-1793; judge of the State 
 superior court 1793-1798; mayor of Norwich 
 1784-1796; died at Norwich, Conn., October 16, 
 1800. 
 
 Hunting-ton, Ebenezer, was born at Norwich, 
 Conn., Decenilier 26, 1754; graduated from Yale 
 College in 1775; served in the Revcjlutionary 
 Army; elected a Representative from Connecticut 
 to the Eleventh (vice S. W. Dana, elected Senator) 
 and Fifteenth Consresses; died at Norwich, Conn. , 
 .Tune 17, 1834. 
 
 Huntington, Jabez Williams, was born at 
 Norwi(-h, Conn., Novembers, 1788; pursued clas- 
 sical studies; graduated from Yale College in 1806; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar, commencing 
 practice at Litchfield; State representative in 1829; 
 elected a Representative from Connecticut to the 
 Twenty-first, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third 
 Congresses; resigned in l.'<34 to accept the ajipoint- 
 ment of judge of the State supreme court of errors; 
 moved to Norwich; elected a Cnited States Senator 
 as a Whig (vice Thaddeus Belts, deceased), serv- 
 ing from June 2, 1840, until his death at Norwich, 
 Conn., November 1, 1847. 
 
 Huntington, Samuel, was born at \Vin<lham, 
 Conn., July .3, 1731; attended the connnon schools; 
 took up the coopers trade; studied law; adnntted 
 to the bar in 1758, commencing practice at Nor- 
 wich; in the colonial assembly of 1764; app(]inte<l 
 in 1765 Crown's attorney; executive counc-ilor in 
 1763; Delegate from Connecticut to the Conti- 
 nental Congress 1766-1783, and its |iresiclent 1779- 
 1781; superior court judge 1774-1784, and chief 
 justice in 1784; lieutenant-governor in 1785 and 
 governor of Connecticut 1786-1796; died at Nor- 
 wich, Conn., January 5, 1796. 
 
 Hunton, Eppa, of Warrenton, Va., was born in 
 Fauquier County, Va., Septendier 23, 1823; his 
 early education was limited; studied ami |iraeticetl 
 law; Connnouwealth attornev for the countv of 
 Prince William 1849-1862; elected to the State 
 convention of Virginia which as.«emlileil at Rich- 
 mond in February, 1861; served through its fir.-*t 
 session, and then entered the Confederate army as 
 colonel of the Eighth Virginia Infantry; promoted 
 after the battle of Gettysliurg, and served thrcpugli 
 the resi<lue of the war as brigadier-general, suc-- 
 ceeding F.rigadier-General (iarni'tt; captured at 
 Sailors Creek, April 6, 1865, and released from 
 
 Fort Warren in July, 1865; elected to the Forty- 
 third, Forty-fourth,' Forty-fifth, anil Forty-sixth 
 Congresses as a Democrat; active in the adoption 
 of the present government of the District of Colum- 
 bia; appointed by the governor May 28, 1892, 
 to the United States Senate to fill tlie vacancv 
 caused by the death of Hon. .f. S. liarbour, and 
 took his seat June 1, 1892; subsecinently elec-ted 
 by the legislature of Virginia to fill out the miex- 
 pired term of his predecessor; resumed the prac- 
 tice ( if law. 
 
 Huntsman, Adam, was a native of X'irginia; 
 moved to Jackson, Tenn.; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Tennessee to the Twenty-fourth Con- 
 gress as a Whig; defeated for the' T\M-uty-lifth 
 Congress. 
 
 Hurd, Frank H., was born at -Mount Vernon, 
 Ohio, December 25, 1841; received a liberal edu- 
 cation, graduating from Kenyou College in 18.58; 
 studied law; admitted to the bar; county i)rose- 
 cuting attorney in 1863; member of the State 
 senate of Ohio in 1866; appointed to coditv the 
 criminal laws of Ohio in 1868; elected to the Forty- 
 fourth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-eighth Congresses 
 as a Democrat; died in 1896. 
 
 Hurlburt, Stephen A., was born at Charles- 
 ton, S. C, Novemlier 29, 1815; received a thorough 
 education; studied law; admitted to the bar in 
 1837; served in the Florida war; moved to Belvi- 
 dere, 111., in 1845; Whig delegate to the constitu- 
 tional convention of Illinois in 1847; Presidential 
 elector on the Whig ticket in 1848 and on tlio Re- 
 publican ticket in 1868; member of the legislature 
 in 18.59, 1861, and 1867; served in the Union .\rmy 
 1861-1865, being appointed briga<lier-genei-al of 
 volunteers May 27, 1861, and nuijor-general in 
 September, 1862; minister resident to the United 
 States of Colombia 1869-1872; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Illinois to the Forty-third and 
 Forty-fourth Congresses as a Republican; ap- 
 pointed minister to Peru in 1881, bei-oniing jironi- 
 ineut in Secretary Blaine's Peruvian-Chilean pol- 
 icy; died at Lima, Peru, JIarch 27, 18S2. 
 
 Hurley, Denis M., was born in the city of 
 Limerick, Ireland, llarch 14, 1843; came to reside 
 in Brooklyn in June, 1850; moved to New York 
 City in 18.=i4, and returned to Brooklyn in 1866; 
 educated in the pulilic schools and learned the 
 carpenter's trade; in the contracting business; 
 elected to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Vim- 
 gres.ses as a Republican; died Fel)ruary 26, 1899. 
 
 Hutcheson, Joseph C, of Houston, Tex., was 
 born in Me(-klenl>urg County, Va., May 18, bS42; 
 graduated from Randolph-Macon College and the 
 University of Virginia; enlisted as a privatesoldier 
 in the Twenty-first Virginia Regiment; served in 
 the Valley under Stonewall Jackson, and surren- 
 dered at Appomattox, at whii-h time he was in 
 command of Company E, Fourteenth Virginia 
 Regiment; emigrated to Texas October, 1866; en- 
 gaged inthe practice of law, n\end;erof the Texas 
 legislature in 1880; elected to the Fifty-third and 
 Fifty-fourth Congresses as a Democrat; after his 
 retirement from Congress resmned the jiractice of 
 law at Houston. 
 
 Hutchins, John, was born at Vienna, Ohio, 
 July 25, 1812; i)ur.sued classical studies, attending 
 the Western Reserve College; studied law; admit- 
 ted to the bar in 1837; common pleas court clerk 
 for Trumlnill County 1838-1843; State represen- 
 tative in 1849; elected a Rei)resentative from Ohio 
 to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses 
 as a Republican. 
 
61C 
 
 CONORKSSIONAI, DIKKCTi )KY. 
 
 Hutchins, Waldo, wa'J Imrn at Itmiiklyri. 
 I'oiiii., in 1SL':{; niiuluiitwl from Aiiilicrst ('nllcjii'; 
 stiulifil law, anil, on l>i'in); ailniittcd to tin* bar, 
 i-oniMienoeil practic*' at tlu" city of New York; 
 mt'iiiber of the leKislnluie of tlie Stale of New 
 York in Itv'C, antl of the roiistitiitional conven- 
 tion of tlie State of New York of IStiT; eh'rted t<« 
 the Forty-i-ixth Con^rre.-ss as a IVnioerat (to till 
 vaeaney ean«'d by thedeatli of Alexander Sniitli i; 
 reeK»eted to tlie Korty-seventh and rmty-eijjhth 
 C'onjrrefties; after U-avin>.' Conviress returned U> 
 New York City ami resumed the jiraetiie of law: 
 member of the iiarkeonniiission of New York City 
 at the time of his deatli, wliich oeenrred February 
 8, ISill, at New York City. 
 
 Hutchins, Wells A., was liorn at Hartford, 
 Ohio, ()etolH-r,s, ISIS; attended anil taujrht iinl)he 
 schools; studieil law, ami admitted to tlie bar in 
 1841; a State representative in 18.'i1 ; anjiointed the 
 I'niteil States provusl-marslial for Ohio in IStil'; 
 elected a Keiiresentative from Ohio to the Thirty- 
 eifihtli Coniiress as a Democrat. 
 
 Hutson, Richard, was born in Prince William 
 Parish, S. C., June 1'2. 1747; puivued cla.-vsieal 
 stiulies; f:radnated fmm I'rinci'ton College; Dele- 
 gate from South Carolina to the Continental Con- 
 gress 1778-79; died at Philadeli>hia. I'a., in 179:{. 
 
 Button, John E., was elected to the Forty- 
 ninth Conirress as a Democnit; reelected to the 
 Fiftieth Cim^ress; died December I':!, 1S9.5. 
 
 Huyler, John, was born in New York City, 
 June Iti, 1809; attended the public schools; moved 
 to llackensack, X. J., in 184(), en}»};iug in the 
 hnnber busine.'^; president of supervisors of Her- 
 {len County; State re]>rvsentative 18.")0-18.5.'5, serv- 
 ing; the la.st year as speaker of the house; judjre of 
 the court of appeals 18.'>;<-18.')l); eli'cted a Uepre- 
 gentative from New Jersey to the Thirty-tilth 
 Congress as a Democrat; defeateil as a LecdUipton 
 Democrat to the Thirty-sixth t'imgress; died at 
 Hackensack, N. J., in January, 1870. 
 
 Hyde, Ira B., was born at Guilfonl, N. Y., 
 January IS, 1S:!S; worked on a farm and attended 
 (_>berlin Collejie, Ohio; studied law. and admittt'd 
 to the bar in ISiil at St. Paul. Minn.: served in 
 the I'nion Army; moved to Mis.-^ouri in Isiiii, hc- 
 comiu;; a railroad attornev; apiiointed pmsecutinn 
 attorney in 1S72: electeil a Representative from 
 ML-Jsouri to the Forty-thinl Coiigre.ss as a Kepub- 
 lican. 
 
 Hyde, Samuel Clarence, of .Spokane, Wash., 
 was Ixirn at Fort Tiivimlerofra, N. Y., April L'2, 
 1842; at 3 year>i of at;e his jian-nts moved to Wis- 
 consin with him anil took up land n|)on the jmblic 
 domain, where he trrew up, helping to make a farm 
 in the wilds of that new country, atteiidiiii; the 
 common schools ilurini,' winter sea.-ons; at 19 yeaiv 
 f>f age worked as a raftsman on the Wi^cnnsin and 
 Mi.-isissippi rivers; afterwards served in the Sev- 
 enteenth Regiment Wi.-iconsiii Infantry in the war 
 of the rebellion; worked in the forests of Wis- 
 consin and Michigan as a timber cruiser; studieil 
 law in the law school of the Iowa Slate I'niver- 
 sity for a term; admitted to the bar and jirac- 
 ticiKl law at Rock Kapids. Iowa, live years; moveil 
 with his family to Washington Terrilory in 1877, 
 where he liveil on I'uget Sound thri-e years: moved 
 to SiHikane in 18,S(I: elected prosecuting attorney 
 for tin district embracing norlheaslern Washing- 
 ton in IS80; reelected thrw terms, holdin..- that 
 ollice for six years; elei'.ted to the Fifty-fourth 
 Congress us a l{e|)ublicau. 
 
 Hyman, John Adams, was Uirn a slave in 
 Warren County. N. ('.. July L':!, 1,S40; sold and 
 sent to Alabama: emancipaled in bHt>.'i, returning 
 to North Carolina and engacing in farming; ac- 
 quiriHl a rudimentary e<lucalion; delegate to the 
 .State constitutional convention of IStW, andaSlatc 
 senator l.S»i.S-ls74; elected a Re|iresenlative from 
 North Carolina to the Forty-fourth Congress af a 
 Republican; a]ipoint<Ml colUHtor of internal reve- 
 nue of the second district of North Carolina in 
 June, 1877. 
 
 Hyneman, John M., was a native of Berks 
 County, I'a.: received a cla-^-sical education; servcnl 
 in the State liou.-'e of represi'ntatives in I.SOU: 
 eltHted a Representative from Pennsylvania to 
 the Twelfth and Thirteenth Congresses, serving 
 from November 4, 1811, to 181S, when he re- 
 signed; surveyor of Berks County 1814-1824. 
 
 Hynes, William J., was born in County Clare. 
 Inland, March ;il. lS4:i; in I S.VI emigrated to the 
 I Cnited States and l.icated at New York; attendeil 
 , the ]>ublic schools of .Massachusetts; learneil the 
 1 art of printing: studied law; admitted to the bar 
 ■ in IS70 at Little Rock, Ark.: electeil a Repre- 
 sentative from Arkansa.s to the Forty-thinl Con- 
 gress; moved to Chicago in 1870 and resimied tlie 
 practice of law. 
 
 Ihrie, Peter, jr., was a native of Pennsylvania; 
 elected a Reipre.-ientative from Pennsylvania from 
 the F^fton district to the Tweiity-tirst Congress 
 as a Jack.-^on Democrat: reelected to the Twenty- 
 second Congress. 
 
 Ikirt, Georg-e P., of F,ast Liverpool, Ohio, was 
 born near West Heaver, in Colmnbiana County, 
 in 1.><.')L': educated in the common and ]iublic 
 .xehools at New Lisbon; at the age of 17 beg-an 
 teaching school and reading law, but ill health 
 com|)elleil an abandonment of both: selected the 
 meilical profession and after due preparation tiH>k 
 his first course at the Columbus .Medical College: 
 went to Cincinnati: graduated from the Cincinnati 
 College of Medicine and Surgery in 1877; i>rae- 
 ticed live years; went to New York in ISSl'; grad- 
 uated from the Bellevue Hospital Miilical College 
 in l.Hs;-!, andaLMin resumed i>ractice; elected to the 
 Fifty-third Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Ilsley, Daniel, was born at Falmouth, .Mass. 
 ^afterwards Mainet, iti 1740; receiveil a lilH>ral 
 edui-ation: iK^came a distiller: delegate to the State 
 convention which adopted the InMlenil Constitu- 
 tion; member of the State house of repre.senta- 
 tives; elei-ted a Representative from .Ma!>s;ichu.setts 
 to the Tenth Congress as a Denun'rat. 
 
 Imlay, James H. , was a native of New Jei-sey ; 
 pursued clas-sical studies; graduated from Prince- 
 ton College in l7.Sti, where he was also a tutor; 
 eleettnl a Representative from New Jersey to the 
 Fifth and ."-ixtli Congrt'sses. 
 
 Ingalls. John James, was born at Middleton. 
 Ma.ss.. December L'9, l,><:).'i: graduateil from Wil- 
 liams College. Williamstown, Ma.s)?., in l.S.V>; stud- 
 ieil law: admitleil to the bar in I8.i7; inove<l to 
 Kansiis in ( tctol)er. I,<i8; mendHTof the Wyandotte 
 constitutional convention in bS-Mt; ,«eor»>tary of t he 
 Territorial council in l.StM); secr»>tary of the State 
 senate in l.stil; mendx'rof the State senate from 
 .\tchison County in l.S(i2: electeil to the I'niteil 
 States Senate as a Republican, to sncived S. C. 
 Pomeroy, Republican; tiK>k his seat March 4, 1873: 
 reelet'ted iu 1879 and again in 1S85; died August 
 It), 1900. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 615 
 
 Inge, Samuel W. , was a native of North Caro- 
 lina; moved to ( ireeue County, Ala. ; attended pub- 
 lic schools; studieii law; admitted to the bar; began 
 practioinu; iu Livinjiston County; member of the 
 8tate house of representatives 1S44-45; elected a 
 Kepresentative from Alal)ania to the Thirtieth and 
 Thirty-first Congresses as a Democrat; resumed 
 practice of law; appointed by President Pierce as 
 United States attorney for the District of Colum- 
 bia; died at San Francisco in 18(37. 
 
 Inge, William M. , was a native of Tennessee; 
 elected a Ke]iresentative from that State to the 
 Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat; moved to 
 Lexington, Sumter County, Ala., in 1S36; member 
 of the State house of representatives in 1S40, 1844, 
 and 1845; died at Lexington, Ala., in 1846. 
 
 Ingersoll, Charles J. (brother of Joseph R. 
 IngersoU), was lutvn at I'hiladelpliia, Pa., October 
 3, 17.'<2; received an acailemic education; studied 
 law and lieg'an iiracticing at Philadelphia; elected 
 a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thir- 
 teenth Congress as a Democrat; United States 
 district attorney for Pennsylvania 1815-1829; sec- 
 retary of legation to Prussia in 1837; elected a 
 Representati\e to the Twenty-seventh, Twenty- 
 eighth, Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth Congresses 
 as a Democrat; appointed minister to France in 
 1847, but not confirmed by the Senate; died at 
 Philadelphia May 14, 1862. 
 
 IngersoU, Colin M. (son of Ralph J. IngersoU), 
 was born at New Haven, Conn., March 11, 1819; 
 received an academic education; studied law; ad- 
 mitted to tlie bar; began practice at New Haven; 
 appointed secretary of legation at St. Petersburg 
 by President Polk; elected a Representative from 
 Connecticut to the Thirty-second Congress as a 
 Democrat; reelected to the Thirty-third Congress. 
 
 IngersoU, Ebon C. , was born in Oneida County, 
 N. Y., December 12, 1831; moved to Illinois in 
 1843; received a classical education there and at 
 Pa<lucah, Ky.; studied law; admitted to the bar 
 in 1854 and began practice; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Uliniiis to the Thirty-eighth Congress 
 (vice Owen Lovejoy, deceased) as a Republican; 
 reelected to the Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, and Forty- 
 first Congresses. 
 
 IngersoU, Jared (father of Joseph R. Inger- 
 siill), was born in Connecticut in 1749; received a 
 classical educaticm; graduated from Yale College 
 in 1766; studieii law at the Middle Temple; ad- 
 mitted to the bar and began practice at Philadel- 
 phia; Delegate from Pennsylvania to the Conti- 
 nental Congress 1780-81; representative in the 
 convention which framed the Federal Constitu- 
 tion in 1787; twice attorney-general of Pennsyl- 
 vania; United States district attorney for the east- 
 ern <listrii't of Pennsylvania; Federalist candidate 
 for the Vice-Presidency in 1812; presiding judge 
 of the district courts of Philadelphia Countv; died 
 at Philadelphia October 31, 1822. 
 
 IngersoU, Joseph Reed (son of Jared Inger- 
 soU), was born at l'hiladel]ihia. Pa., June 14, 1786; 
 received a classical education; graduated from 
 Princeton College in 1804; studied law; admitted 
 to the bar; commenced prai^tice at Philadelphia; 
 elected a Representative from that State to the 
 Twenty-fourth Congress asaWhig; reelecteil to the 
 Twenty-seventh (vice John Sergeant, resigned), 
 Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth Con- 
 gresses; declined furtherreelection; appointed min- 
 ister to Great Britain, serving from August 21, 1852, 
 to August 23, 1853; died at Philadelphia, Febru- 
 ary 20, 1868. 
 
 IngersoU, Ralph I. (father of Colin M. Inger- 
 soU), was born at New Haven, Conn., February 8, 
 1788; pursued classical studies; graduated from 
 Yale College in 1808; studied law; admitted to the 
 liar, commencing practice at New Ha\en; fur sev- 
 eral years a member of the State house of represent- 
 atives; elected a Representative from Connecticut 
 to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, ami 
 Twenty-second Congresses as a Democrat; State 
 attorney-general; minister to Russia, August 8, 
 1846, to July 1, 1848; died at New Haven, Conn., 
 August 26, 1872. 
 
 Ingham, Samuel, was born at Hebron, Conn., 
 Septemlicr 5, 1793; attended the public schools; 
 studied law; admitted to tlie liar in 1815; com- 
 menced practice at Saybrook in 1817; State attor- 
 ney for Middlesex County 1827-18.35; judge of 
 prolate 1829-1833; judge of the Middlesex County 
 court 1849-1853; elected a Re|jresentati\'e from 
 Connecticut to the Twenty-fourth aud Twenty-fifth 
 Congresses as a Democrat; again State attorney for 
 Middlesex County 1843—44; member for several 
 years of the State house of representatives, serving 
 tliree years as sjieaker, and tvi'o years State senator; 
 defeated as the Democratic candidate for the 
 United States Senate in 1854; I'niteil States com- 
 missioner of customs December 5, 1857, to May 14, 
 1861; died at Essex, Conn., November, 10, 1881. 
 
 Ingham, Samuel D., was born in Pennsjd- 
 vania September 16, 1779; attended the public 
 schools; manager of a jjaper mill at Easton, N. J., 
 for several years; member of the State legislature 
 of Pennsylvania for three years; prothonotary at 
 Philadelphia; elected a Representative from Penn- 
 sylvania to the Thirteentli, Fourteenth, aud Fif- 
 teenth Congresses as a Jackson Democrat, I'esigning 
 July 6, 1818; elected a Rejjre.sentative to the 
 Seventeenth Congress, vice Samuel Moore, re- 
 signed; reelected to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, 
 and Twentieth Congresses; S.-cretary of the Treas- 
 ury from March 6, 1829, serving until August 8, 
 1831, when he resigned; died at Trenton, N. J., 
 June 5, 1860. 
 
 Irby, John Laurens Manning, was born Sep- 
 tember 10, 1854, at Laurens, S. C.; educated at 
 Laurensville Male Academy, College of New Jer- 
 sey, Princeton, N. J., and TTniversity of Virginia; 
 admitted to the bar in 1876; practiced law until 
 1879; appointed lieutenant-colonel in South Caro- 
 lina volunteers in 1877; elected to the State house 
 of representatives of South Carolina in 1.S86, and 
 reelected in 1888 and 1890; unanimiaisly elected 
 speaker in the latter year; chairman of the State 
 Democratic executive committee in the campaign 
 of 1890; elected to the United States Senate as a 
 Democrat December 11, 1890, for the full term 
 commencing ilarch 4, 1891, and served until March 
 3, 1897; died at Laurens, S. C, December 9, 1900. 
 
 Iredell, James, was born at Edenton, N. C, 
 Novcndjer 2, 1788; pursued classical studies and 
 graduated from Princeton ColIi>gein 1806; studied 
 law; admitted to the bar; served in the war of 
 1812; appointed judge of the su|)erior court of 
 North Carolina in JNIarch and resigned in May, 
 1819- governor of North Carolina 1827-28; elected 
 United States Senator (vice Nathaniel Macon, 
 resigned), serving from December 23, 1828, to 
 March 3, 1831; moved to Raleigh, where he prac- 
 ticed and was supreme court reporter; died at 
 Kdenton, N. C, April 13, 1853. 
 
 Irion, Alfred Briggs, of Jlarksville, La., wag 
 born in Avoyelles Parish, La., February 18, 1833; 
 educated at the University of North Carolina, 
 
616 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 crailiialint; in 1855; ptmlied law; adiuitU'd to tlu" 
 bar ill l«57; oliu'tcii in ISSO jiiilp' <if tlic cirfuit 
 (•(lint of aiiiH'alc, wliicli nlliiolu' lii'ld forfdiiryi'iin'; 
 I'UrtiMl to tlu' Forty-iiiiitli Coiign'ssifia Di'iiKH-rat; 
 aflt-r leaving Congre»<a he reeuuied tlie i»ractico of 
 law. 
 
 Irvin, Alexander, was a native of rcniisyl- 
 vania; residoiiat (.'Irarlicld; electnl a Hei«re.«enta- 
 tivo from Pennsylvania to the Thirtieth Congress 
 as a Whin. 
 
 Irvin, James, wa.« born in Center County, Pa., 
 Febrnary bs, l.sod; electeil a Heproentative from 
 that State to the Twenty-seventh and Twenty- 
 eighth Congresses as a Whig; died in Center 
 County Novi'inber :!S, IS'il'. 
 
 Irvin, William W. , was liorn in .Mbeiiiarle 
 County, Va., in 177S; received an academic educa- 
 tion; studieil law; admitted to the bar; be^n 
 practicing at Laiuiister, Ohio; held several local 
 ottices; elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
 Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses a.s a 
 Jackson I)emocrat; defeate<l for ri'eleition to the 
 Twenty-third Congress; judge of the .^tate supreme 
 court; "die<l at I^inca-ster, Ohio, April 19, 1842. 
 
 Irvine. William, was born near Knniskillen. 
 Ireland, Nnvcmbcr ',i, 1741; pui'sucd cla.«sical 
 studies; graduated fmm the Dublin fiiiversity; 
 stuilieil medicine; ailiiiitti'd to jiraclice and .■'erved 
 as surgeon on a Uritisli iiiau-of-war; came to Car- 
 lisle, Pa., in 17(i.i; delegate to the Slate Revolu- 
 tionary conventions 1 7t)4- 1 7t>l) ; colonel of the 
 Sixth Penn.sylvania Regiment in tlie Revolution- 
 ary .\rmy; captnr<.'d in Canada .Tune Iti, 177(>, and 
 remaineil a prisoner of war until exihaiiged. May 
 t>, 1778; ai>jioiiited lirigadier-gencral May 12, 177K, 
 and served until the close of the war; Delegate 
 from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress 
 17SI>-17.SS; commanded the State troi>ps in whisky 
 insurrection in 1794; elected a Kepre.-^eiitativefrom 
 Pennsylvania to the Third Congre.ss; moved to 
 Philadelphia, where he wa-s superintendent of mil- 
 itary stores; died there .Inly 29, 1804. 
 
 Irvine, William, resided at Corning, Steuben 
 County, -V. Y.; elected a Representative from New 
 YorktotlicTliirty-sixth Congress as a Re]iublicau. 
 
 Irving, William, wa-s born at New York City, 
 August l.">, 17i)(); receiveil a liberal education; 
 engaged in mercantile trade; ele<ted a Repres.nt- 
 ative from New Y'ork to the Thirteenth Congress 
 (vice Kgbert Hensoii, resigne<l) as a Democrat; re- 
 elei-ted totlie Fourteenth and Fifteenth Coiigres.ses; 
 serve<l until 1818, when he resigned on account of 
 dei'lining health; ilied at New York City Novem- 
 ber 9. 1821; contributi'd several essays ami poems 
 to Salmagundi, published by his brother, Wash- 
 ington Irving. 
 
 Irwin, Harvey Samuel, of Louisville, Ky., 
 was burn in I liL'lilaud Comity, Ohio, December \0, 
 1844: afti'r graduating from the high school at 
 Greciilield, ()hio, began the study of law, but 
 abaniloned that to enlist in the rninti Army; 
 assisted in raisinga regiment of artillery, which was 
 eonsolidateil with another regiment, he ri-ceiving 
 an appointment as lieutenant; transferred to a 
 special corps in the Regular .\rniy in whii-h he 
 served till the close of the war; localeil in l>ouis- 
 ville; resumed his studies in the law; admitteil 
 to the bar; aiiiMiinted siicce.-isively ifsistant inter- 
 nal-revenue as,<e.-isi )r, depulv clerk of the I'nited 
 States dislriit court, and chief deimty collector of 
 the liftli internal-revenue district <pf Kentucky; 
 ussi8te<l in founding the Home and Savings Fund 
 
 Company; in 1895, elected railroad commissioner: 
 elected to the Fifty-seventli Congress as a Reiiiili- 
 lican; defeated for the P'ifty-eighth Congress. 
 
 Imrin, Jared, wa.s elected a Representative 
 from Pennsylvania t(j the Thirteenth and F'our- 
 teenth Congre.s>ies as a Democrat. . 
 
 Irwin, Thomas, was horn at Philadelphia, Pa., 
 February 22, 1785; studieil law; admitted to the 
 bar; began practice at I'liiontowii; elected a Rep- 
 resentative Iroiii Pennsylvania lo the Twentv-lirst 
 C'ongress; a|)pninted by President .laekson a I nited 
 States judge for the western district of Pennsylva- 
 nia; dieil at Pittsburg, Pa., .May 14, 1871). 
 
 Irwin, William W. , was a native of Pitt.shurg, 
 Pa.; received an academic education; electeil a 
 Representative from that State to the Twenty- 
 .seventh Congrc-^s as a Whig; charge il'affaires to 
 Denmark, .March 3, 1.84;{, to June 12, 1.S47; die.1 at 
 Pittsburg, Pa., Septemlier 15, 18.")t). 
 
 Isacks, Jacob C, was a native of Montgomery 
 County, Pa.; moved to Winchester, Tenn.; elected 
 a Keitresentative from Tennessee to the F^ight- 
 eenlli. Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twentv-tirst, and 
 Twenty-secoiiil Congresses; defeated for the 
 Twenty-third Congress. 
 
 Ittner, Anthony, was Ijorn at Lebanon, War- 
 ren County, Ohio, October S, 1S37; attendeil the 
 common schools; bricklayer and builder; served 
 in the city council of St. Louis, Mo., in ISi)7 and 
 18(18; eleited a meiiiberof the general assembly of 
 Mis.<ouri in 18ti8, of the State senate in 1870, and 
 reelected in 1874; elected a Repre.-^entalive from 
 .Missouri tot he F'orty-fifthCongressasa Republican. 
 
 Iverson, Alfred, was l)orn in Burke County, 
 (ia., December;!, 1798; pursuing classical studies, 
 grailuati'd from Princeton College in 1.820; studied 
 law; admitted to the bar, and began pnietice at 
 Columbus; memlier of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives for three years and of the State senate 
 one year; judge of the State supreme court for 
 seven years; Presidential elector on the Polk and 
 Dallas ticket in 1844; elected a Representative 
 from Georgia to the Thirtieth Com;ress as a 
 Democrat; elected a I'liited States Senator from 
 Georgia, serving from 1,8.55 to January 2S, l.stll, 
 when he retired: .served in the Confederate army 
 as colonel; appointed lirigadier-general in 18H2; 
 died at Macon, (ia., .March 5, 187:>. 
 
 Ives, Willard, was born at Watertown, N. Y., 
 July 7, 180(>; attended the ]>ublic schools; farmer; 
 electe<l a Representative from New York to the 
 Thirtv-second Congress as a Democrat; died in 
 189(). ■ 
 
 Izard, Ralph, was born near Charleston, S. C, 
 in 1742; n ived cla^^sical eilucation ami grad- 
 uated from Cambriilge Cniversity, Kngland; Dele- 
 gate from South Carolina to the Continental Con- 
 gress 1781-17.8;{; elected rnite<i States Senator from 
 South Carolina 1789-1795; ap|Hiinteii by the Con- 
 tinental Congress commissioner to Tu.scany: re- 
 called .lune 8. 1779; pledged his lar-je estate in 
 South Carolina for the payment of ships of war to 
 be useil in the Revolution; died near Charleston, 
 S. C, May 30, 1804. 
 
 Izlar, James F., of (trangehnrg, S. C., a native 
 of South Carolina, graduate of Fjuory College, 
 ( )xfonl. (ia., and a lawver by iirofe.ssiou; serve<l 
 us an ollicer in the Confeilerate army: Slate sena- 
 tor for ten years; for eight years the president 
 pro tempore of that Ixxly; elected bv the general 
 assembly judge of the lirst judicial circuit in 1889; 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 617 
 
 for a number of years chairman of the State Demo- 
 cratic executive committee; delegate to tlie na- 
 tional Democratic convention of 1.SS4; elected to 
 the Fifty-thinl C'onwre.'^s as a Democrat to succeed 
 Hon. William H. Brawley, who resijiucd to ac- 
 cept a Federal judgeship, at a special election held 
 for the purpose. 
 
 Jack, Smnmers Melville, of Indiana, Pa., \vas 
 horn at Summersville, Jefferson County, Pa., July 
 l.s, l,s.^2; educated in the pul>lic and private 
 schools of Jefferson County, and in the Indiana 
 Normal School of Pennsylvania; registered as a 
 student at law in June, 1877, with Hon. Silas M. 
 Clark, of Indiana; admitted to practice Septem- 
 ber 10, 187S;); elected district attorney for Indiana 
 County in 1883; reelected without opposition in 
 18S(), serving six years; formed a law jiartncrship 
 with D. B. Taylor in 188.i, under the firm name 
 of Jack & Taylor; appointed mend)er of the 
 board of trustees of the Indiana Normal School of 
 Pennsylvania, to represent the State in 188G, and 
 reapijointed in 1889, 1892, 1895, and 1898; chair- 
 man of the Congressional conference for the 
 Twenty-first district in 1896; elected to the Fifty- 
 sixth Congress, and reelected to the Fifty-seventh 
 Congress. 
 
 Jack, William, was a native of Pennsylvania; 
 lived at Brookville; elected a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Twenty-seventh Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Jackson, Alfred Metcalf, of Winfield, Kans., 
 was born July 14, 18tj0, at South Carrollton, 
 IMuhlenberg County, Ky. ; eilucated at ^\'est ' 
 Kentucky College, in that place; moved to Kansas 
 in 1881, locating at Howard, Elk County, and 
 engaged in the practice of law; elected county 
 attorney in 1890, and in 1892 elected judge of the 
 thirteenth judicial district; served one term and 
 then moved to Winfield; elected to the Fifty- 
 seventh Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Jackson, Andrew, was born in the AVaxhaw 
 settlement, North Carolina, March l."i, 17(.i7; early 
 education limited; accompanying the militia of his 
 neighborhooil he \vas captured by the British and 
 brutally struck by an oflicer whose bonis he re- 
 fused to clean; lei't destitute liy the death of his 
 mother, worked for a time in a saddler's shop and 
 afterwards taughtschool; studied lawatSaulsbury, 
 N. C. ; admitted to the bar Ijefore he was 20 years 
 of age; appointed in 1788 solicitor of the western 
 district of North Carolina, comprising what is now 
 the State of Tennessee; delegate to the convention 
 in 1796 to frame a constitution for the new State; 
 elected a Representative from Tennessee to the 
 Fourth Congress as a Demcjcrat, serving from De- 
 cember f^, 1796, until March 3, 1797; elected a 
 United States Senator, serving from November 22, 
 1797, until his resignation in April, 1798; elected 
 judge of the State supreme court of Tennessee, 
 serving from 1798 until 1804; entered into mer- 
 cantile ]iursnits; served in the Creek war of 1813; 
 commissioned major-general in the U. S. Army 
 Jlay 31, 1814; captured Fl(jrida; led his army to 
 New Orleans, where he defeated the British Jan- 
 uary 8, 181.5; conunanded an expedition which 
 captured Florida in 1817; governor (jI FNjrida from 
 March 10 to July 18, 1821; declined the position of 
 minister to Mexico; grand master of Masons in 
 Tennessee in 1822 and 1823; again elected a I'nited 
 States Senator, serving from December 1, 1823, to 
 1825, when he resigne<I; defeated as the Demo- 
 cratic candidate for President in 1824; elected 
 President, and reelected, serving from Marcli 4, 
 1829, to .March 3, 1837; retired to the Hermitage, 
 
 his estate near Nashville, Tenn., where he died 
 June 8, 1845. 
 
 Jackson, David, was born at Oxford, Pa. , about 
 1747; was a Delegate from that State to the Con- 
 tinental Congress 1785-86; died at Philadelphia, 
 Pa., in 1801. 
 
 Jackson, David S., was a native of New York 
 City; attended puVilicschools; claimed tohavebeen 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat, serving until 
 April 19, 1S48, when the seat was declared vacant, 
 having lieen contested. 
 
 Jackson, Ebenezer, jr., was a native of Con- 
 necticut; resided at Littletown; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Connecticut to the Twenty-third 
 Congress as a Whig (vice Samuel A. Foot, re- 
 signed), serving from December 31, 1834, to March 
 3, 1835. 
 
 Jackson, Edward B., was a native of Harrison 
 County, Va. ; received an academic education; 
 studied medicine; commenced practice at Clarks- 
 burg; elected a Representative from Virginia to 
 the Sixteenth Congress, vice James Tindall, re- 
 signed; reelected to the Seventeenth Congress, 
 serving from November 30, 1820, to iNIarch 3, 1823; 
 died at Clarksburg September 8, 1826. 
 
 Jackson, George, was a native of Virginia; 
 elected a Representative from that State to the 
 Fourth, Sixth, and Seventh Congresses as a Dem- 
 ocrat. 
 
 Jackson,HowellEdniunds, of Jackson, Tenn., 
 
 was born at Paris, Tenn., April 8, 18.32; in 1840 
 his parents moved to Jackson; received a classical 
 education, graduating from West Tennessee Col- 
 lege in 1848, and afterwards studying for two 
 years at the Univertsty of Virginia; studied law 
 in Jackson; entered the Lebanon Law School in 
 1855, graduated the following year, and com- 
 menced the practice of law at Jackson; moved to 
 Memphis in 18.59; engaged in the practice of law; 
 served on the supreme bench b\- appointment on 
 two occasions; prominent candidate for supreme 
 judge before the nominating convention; moved to 
 Jackson in 1876; elected to the State house of rep- 
 resentatives in 1880 on the State credit platform; 
 elected to the United States Senate as a Democrat 
 to succeed James E. Bailey, Democrat, and took 
 his seat March 4, 1881; resigned April 14, 18S6; 
 died in 1895. 
 
 Jackson, Jabez, was a native of (ieorgia; re- 
 sided at Clarksville; elected a Representative 
 from Georgia to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty- 
 fifth Congresses as a Union Democrat. 
 
 Jackson, James, was born \n Devonshire, 
 England, September 21, 1757; came to (ieorgia in 
 1772; received the Masonic degrees in Kmg Solo- 
 mon's Lodge, at Savannah, in 1775; entered tne 
 Revolutionary Army as cajftain , commani ler of the 
 Georgia legionary forces in 1 781 ; received the keys 
 of Savannah from the British .luly 12, 1782; pre- 
 sented with a house at Savannah by the assembly 
 of the State of Georgia; grand maSter of JIasons of 
 (ieorgia 1786-1789; delegate to the first State con- 
 stitutional convention of Georgia; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Georgia to the First Congress; 
 contested the seat of Anthony Waynein theSeeond 
 Congress, and the seat was declared vacant hy the 
 House March 21, 1792; elected a United States Sen- 
 ator from Cieorgia, serving from December 2, 1793, 
 to his resignation in 1795; governor of (Jeoigia 
 1798-1801; again elected a United States Senator, 
 
lilS 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTORV. 
 
 serving frciiii 1801 to Marcli 18, 18(Vi, wlien he died 
 at \V:i>hiiif;t<>ii, D. C. 
 
 Jackson, James, \va.M liorn in Jefferson County, 
 <ia., Itctohfr 18, 181il; ])iii>nu'<l I'liL-^Mieal Htudies; 
 gnuliuiteil fniiM the rnivcrMity of (ieoivis in 1837; 
 i^tudied law; ailiiiittiMl totlie liarand hefjan praotic- 
 ing at Athens in 184(1; secretary of the State senate 
 in 1842; elected to tlie State house of representa- 
 livesin 184")and 1847; chosen jnd<;e of the western 
 iudioial circuit in I84t); elected to the siiine otlice 
 jn 18.>'iaiid I8.")7; resigned in ,June, I8.")il; elected 
 a Representative from (ieor^ria as a Oeinocrat to 
 the Thirty-liflh Conjiresis; reelecteil to the Thirty- 
 sixth C'on^rress, serving initil January iS, 181)1, 
 when he retired from the House; dicii at Atlanta, 
 (ia.. January l.i, 1887. 
 
 Jackson, James Monroe, was born at rarl<ers- 
 burg, Wood County, Va. (now West Virfiinia), 
 Deceniljer;!, 18L'."); received an academic e( I ucat ion; 
 {rraduated from Princeton Collej;e in 184"); admit- 
 ted to the bar in 1847: elei-ted jirosecutin;; attor- 
 ney for Wood Countv in 18oti; reelected in 18(50; 
 elected a mendier ol tlie Icfrislature in 1870; re- 
 elected in 1871 elected a mend)er of the consti- 
 tutional convention, in 1872, that framid thc> 
 |)reseut constitution of tlie State; elected juiIl'c of 
 the fifth judiiial circuit, and served from .lanuary 
 1, 1873, a jieriod of fifteen years and eifilit mouths, 
 when lie resijined; electe<r to the Fifty-tirst Con- 
 gre.ss as a Democrat; unseated Februarys, 1890, 
 by C. H. Smith; died February 14, litOl.' 
 
 Jackson, James S., was born in Fayette 
 County, Ky., September 27, 1823; pui-sued classi- 
 cal studies at Centre College; studied law; admit- 
 ted to the bar in 1843; bei;an i>ractice at (ireen- 
 upsburg; moyed to Hopkinsville; served in the 
 Jlexican war as captain of volunteers: electeil a 
 Representative from Kentucky to the Thirty- 
 seventh Congress as a rnionist: raised a com- 
 pany of cavalrymen at the commencement of the 
 civil war; became colonel of the Third Kentucky 
 Cavalry; took his seat in Congress July 4, 18(il; 
 al)sent in the field most of the time; brigadier- 
 general of Union volunteers Jidy 10, 18(52; killeil 
 at the battle of I'erryville, October 8, 1862. 
 
 Jackson, John George, was born in Virginia 
 in 1774; receive<l an English e<iucation; in 1793 
 appointed surveyor of pulilic lands of what is now 
 the State of Ohio; member of the Virginia hou.se 
 of representatives 1797 to 1801; elected a Kejire- 
 sentative from Virginia as a Democrat to tlie 
 Eighth, Xintli, Tenth, and Kleventh Congresses, 
 serving until 1810. when he resigned; again electi'd 
 State representative in isil; cho.seii brigadier- 
 
 feneral of militia; elected to the Thirteenth and 
 ourteenth Congre.s.ses; declined a reelection to 
 the Fifteenth Congress; appointed judge of the 
 western district of Virginia in 1S19, and held the 
 ofliee until liis death, at Clarksburg, Va., March 
 29, 1825. 
 
 Jackson, Jonathan, was born at Boston, Mas.--., 
 June 4. 1743; pursued da.s-ical studies: graduated 
 from Harvard College in 17()1: eiipiged in mer- 
 cantile pursuits i>t Newbiiryport; member of the 
 Provincial Congres-' in 177.'i, and of the .'-'tate leg- 
 islature in 1777: D. 'legate from Mas.sichu.setts in 
 the Continental Congress 1782; State .-enator in 
 1789; Cnited .'States marshal, Ma.-sachns«-tts; presi- 
 dent ol the State Bank: died at Boston, March r>, 
 1810. 
 
 Jackson, Joseph W., was a native of (ieorgia; 
 attended the public schools; for several years a 
 
 member of the municipal council of Savannah and 
 for two years mayor; .state senat<ir and member 
 of the .State liousi' of representatives; elected a 
 Representative from (ieorgia to the Thirty-lirst 
 
 Congress as a State Rights Der rat. vice Thomas 
 
 H. King, resigned: reelected to the Thirl v-secoml 
 Congre.ss, serving from March 4, 18.50, to March 3, 
 18.")3; declined a reelection; died at Savannah. 
 Ca., Sepleml>er 20, 18.54. 
 
 Jackson, Oscar L., of Newcastle. Pa., was 
 born in Lawrence County, Pa., .September 2, I.S40. 
 of Scotch-Irish ancestry, who settled in that State 
 at an early date; educated in common schools, at 
 Tansy Hill Select School, and at Darlington .\cad- 
 eniy; served in the liiion Army from l.8()l to 
 l.st).'), entering as captain and receiving the iiromo- 
 tions of maj<ir, lieutenant-colonel, and colonel by 
 brevet: took part with the .\rmy of the Tenne.s.see 
 in tbecampaigns in Mis.souri, Tenne.ss»'e, and Mis- 
 sissijipi. also from Chattanooga to Atlanta, the 
 inarch to the sea, and through the (.'amlina-s, 
 commanding his regiment during the latter |)art 
 of the war; severely wounded in liattle at Corinth, 
 Mi.ss.. October 4, 18lj2; studied law. admitterl to 
 the bar at Newcastle in 1.8(j7, and jiracticetl there; 
 district attorney 18(),8-1871; nieiuber of the com- 
 mission to codify laws and devise a plan for the 
 government of cities of Pennsylvania 1877-1878; 
 elected to the Forty-ninth Congress m a Republi- 
 can: reelected to the Fiftieth Congress. 
 
 Jackson, Richard, jr., was born in Rhoile 
 Island in 1704; received a liberal education; man- 
 ufacturer; elected a Representative from Rhode 
 Island to the Tenth Congress (vice Nehemiah 
 Knight, deceased i. and reelected to the Eleventh, 
 Twelfth, and Thirteenth Congres.ses, serving from 
 November 11, 1808, to March 2, 181.5; diel at 
 Providence, R. I., April 18, 1838. 
 
 Jackson, Thomas B. , was born on Long Island. 
 New Voik; attended the public schools; meml>er 
 of the State house of representatives l,8:J3-l.s:j5; 
 eU'cted a Representative from New York to the 
 Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Jackson, William, was born at Newton, Mas.s., 
 Septiinbir 2, 1783; attenile<l the imblic .schools; 
 engagul in the construction of railroads; nieml«>r 
 of the State liou.-e of representatives 1.S29-18.32; 
 electeil a Representative from Ma.s.sacliusetts as a 
 Whig, on the second trial, to the Twenty-third 
 Congress; reelected to the Twenty-fourth Con- 
 gress, serving from March 17, l,Si4. to .March 3, 
 iS:J7; declined a renomination: presiilent of the 
 Newton Hank; died at Newton. .Ma.ss., February 
 2(i, iXor). 
 
 Jackson, William H., of Salisbury, Md.. was 
 Ikiiii in l.s:{li. (i miles from Salisbury, Md., on a 
 farm iK'longing to his great-grandfather, Elihu 
 .lackson; remained on the I'arm until l.st)4. receiv- 
 ing his education in the country .schools; iuovihI 
 to Salisbury in 1.8(>4; from that year until 1867 
 dealer in horses and cattle: went into the lumber 
 business in l.S()7; elected to the Fifty-s«'Ventli Con- 
 gress: reelected to the Fifty-eighth Congress. 
 
 Jackson. William T. , was born at Chester, 
 N. v., December -Jil. 1794; attended the public 
 .schools; engageil in mercantile pursuits at llavatia, 
 N. v.; justice of the peace and idiinty judge of 
 Orange County. N. V., for four years; elected a 
 Representiitive from New York to the Thiity-tirsi 
 I Congress as a Whig. 
 
BIOGBAPHIES. 
 
 619 
 
 Jacobs, Ferris, jr., was born at Delhi, N. Y., 
 March 20, 18156; entered the junior year of the class 
 of 1856 at Williams Collepre with James A. Garfield; 
 f^raduated; admitted to the bar in 1859 and began 
 practice in Delhi; in August, 1861, raised a com- 
 pany in Delaware County; elected its captain and 
 joined the Third Xew York Cavalry; served with 
 the a(;lvance of Bank's column up the Shenandoah 
 to Winchester in the spring of 1862, and returning 
 to Washington joined Burnside in North Carolina; 
 joined the Army of the James in the winter of 
 186.S and 1864; promoteil to major and lieutenant- 
 colonel; commanded a l.)rigade in Kautz's cavalry 
 division and contiimed to serve during Grant's 
 campaign, about Petersljurg, until mustered out, 
 October 12, 1864; returned home and commis- 
 sioned colonel of Twenty-sixth New York Cavalry, 
 and bi'igadier-general by brevet, and mustered out 
 of service July 1, 1865; elected district attorney in 
 the fall of that year, and afterwards reelected; 
 delegate to Chicago convention in 1880; elected 
 to the Forty-seventh Congress as a Republican; 
 soon after retiring from Congress his health failed, 
 and he died August 30, 1886. 
 
 Jacobs, Israel, wasanativeofGermany; moved 
 to United State in his >-outh; elected a Represent- 
 ati\-e from Pennsylvania to the Second Congress. 
 
 Jacobs, Orange, was 1 lorn in Livingston County, 
 N. Y. ; moved to Michigan Territory in 1831, where 
 he was educated; lawyer; moved to the Territory 
 of Oregon in 1852, remaining there until 1859; ap- 
 pointed associate justice of Wasliiugton Territory 
 in 1869, and within a year appointed chief jus- 
 tice of the Territory, and reappointed at the 
 expiration of four years; elected a Delegate fronr 
 Washington Territory to the Forty-fourth Con- 
 gress as a Republican; reelected to the Forty-tifth 
 Congress. 
 
 Jadwin, Cornelius C, of Honesdale; Pa., was 
 born at Carbondale, Pa., March 27, 1835; received 
 a common school education; at the age of 18 was 
 placed in charge of a city school, where he taught 
 for four years, devoting his leisure time to the 
 study of civil engineering and pharmacy; from 
 1857 to 1861 a civil and mining engineer; from 
 1861 gave his attention to the drug business; 
 located at Honesdale in 1862; nine successive 
 years a member and for three years president of 
 the board of education of his district; delegate to 
 the Chicago convention in 1880; elected to the 
 Forty-seventh Congres.s as a Republican; defeated 
 as an independent candidate for the Forty-eiglith 
 Congress. 
 
 James, Amaziah B., was born at Stephen- 
 town, N. Y., July 1, 1812; received an academic 
 education; moved in 1814 to Sweden, Monroe 
 County; studied law at Ogdensburg; aclmitteil to 
 the bar in January, 1838, and commenced to prac- 
 tice at Ogdensburg; elected a justice of the su- 
 preme court in 18.53, and resigned in 1876; elected 
 to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses as a 
 Republican; died July 6, 1883. 
 
 James, Charles Tilling-hast, was born at 
 West Greenwich, R. I., in 1804; attended the pub- 
 lic schools; carpenter, and followed mechanical 
 pursuits; superintendent of and constructed numer- 
 ous mills throughout the country; major-general 
 of the Rhode Island n.ilitia; elected a United 
 States Senator from Rhode Island as a protective 
 tariff Democrat, serving from March 4, 1851, to 
 March 3, 1857; invented a rifle cannon, and lost 
 his life in conducting an experiment with one at 
 Sag Harbor, October'l7, 1862. 
 
 James, Darwin R. , of Brooklyn, N. Y., was 
 born at Williamsburg, I\Iass., May 14, 1834; re- 
 ceived an academic education at Mount Pleasant 
 Boarding School, .\mherst, Mass.; entered mercan- 
 tile business in New York; an importer of indigo, 
 spices, etc., from tlie East Indies; president of the 
 East Brooklyn Savings Bank; secretary of the New 
 York Board of Trade and Transijortation ; from 
 1876 to 1882 park commissioner of Brooklyn; 
 elected to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Con- 
 gre.sses as a Republican. 
 
 James, Francis, was a native of ^Vest Chester, 
 Pa.; attended the public schools; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from that State to the Twenty-sixth and 
 Twenty-seventh Congresses as a Whig. 
 
 Jameson, John, was a native iif Kentucky; 
 attended the public schools; studied law; admitted 
 to the bar; commenced practice at Fulton, Mo.; 
 held several local offices; elected a Representative 
 from Missouri as a Van Buren Democrat to the 
 Twenty-sixth Congress; elected to the Twenty- 
 eighth and Thirtieth Congresses. 
 
 Janes, Henry F. , was born at Brimfield, ^lass., 
 October 10, 1792; receiveii an academic education; 
 studieil law at Burlington, Vt. ; admitted to the 
 bar in 1817; began practice at Waterbury, Vt.; 
 postmaster 1820-18M0; member of the State legis- 
 lative council 1830-1834; elected a Representative 
 from Vermont as a Whig and Anti-^Iason to the 
 Twenty-third Congress, vice Benjamin F. Deming, 
 deceased ; reelected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, 
 serving from Decendier 2, 1834, to 1837; defeateil 
 as Anti-^Iasonic candidate for the Twentj'-fifth 
 Congress; State treasurer 1838-1841; member of 
 the State council of censors 1848; State representa- 
 tive in 1855. 
 
 Jarnagin, Spencer, was born in Granger 
 County, Tenn., about 1793; pursuing classical 
 studies, graduated from Greenville College in 
 1813; studied law; admitted to the liar in 1817; 
 commenced practice at Athens, Tenn.; State rep- 
 resentative; elected a United States Senator from 
 Tennessee as a Whig, serving from December 4, 
 1843, to March 3, 1847; died' at Memphis, Tenn., 
 June 24, 1851. 
 
 Jarvis, Leonard, was born in Massachusetts 
 October 19, 17S1; graduated from Harvard Uni- 
 versity in 1800; sheriff of, Hancock County, Me., 
 1821-1829; collector of customs for the Penobscot 
 district 1829-30; elected a Re]>resentative from 
 Maine as a Jackson Democrat to tlie Twenty-first, 
 Twenty-second, Tvvent>'-third, and Twenty-fourth 
 Congresses; navy agent of Boston 1838-1841; 
 moved to Surrv, !\Ie., where lie died September 
 18, 1854. 
 
 Jarvis, Thomas Jordan, of Greenville, N. C, 
 was liijrn January 18, ls;i6, in the county of Cur- 
 rituck, N. C. ; graduated at Randolph-Macon Col- 
 lege, Virginia, in 1860; soldier in the Confederate 
 army; permanently disabled in right arm in 1864; 
 elected to Andrew .Icjhnson constitutional con- 
 vention from his native county in 1865; moved to 
 the county of Tyrrell in 1866; elected from that 
 county to the legislatui-e in 1868; reelected to the 
 house in 1870; chosen speaker of that body on 
 the assembling of the legislature in 1870; moved 
 to the county of Pitt in 1872; elected a member of 
 the State constitutional convention from that 
 coimty in 1875; elected lieutenant-governor in 
 1876; became governor February 5, 1879, on the 
 election of Govei-nor Vance to the Senate; electeti 
 governor for a full term in 1880, and thus served as 
 governor of his State six consecutive years; ap- 
 
620 
 
 OONORESSIONAI. DIKKCTOKV. 
 
 Sointi'd I'niteil Stated ininistiT to Brazil l>y I'lvsi- 
 ent (."levi'laml in Manli, ISS"), in wliicli posjition 
 ho siTVtil to till' fiiil 111' Mr. Cli'Vi'lanil's Icriii; aji- 
 ]Hiinli'il til the l"iiit('il States Sciiali' hy (iovenmr 
 C'arr, April Ul, 1894, to till the viicam-y nuitit'd hy 
 the ileath nf Senator Vaiiee, and took his* seat 
 April L'l;, ISIM. 
 
 Jay, John, was horn at New York City Deoeni- 
 l)er I, 1745 (old style); j;railnate<l from ('olunihia 
 Colletio in 17ii4: st\nlie<i law; adniilteil to tlie har 
 in ITtlS; Deleijate from New York to the Conti- 
 nental Confiress 1774-1777, and 177S-7!*; recalled 
 some months in 177fi to aid in formini; the New- 
 York State eonstitution: ahsent when the I'ei-- 
 laration of Indepindeiice was adopted: appointed 
 ehii'f jnstiee of the Stale of New York in May, 
 1777, hut resijjneil l>eeeiuher, 177S. to heiMime 
 Presiilent of Congress; appointed minister pleni- 
 potentiary to Spain SepteniherL'7, 177!l; appointed 
 one of the ministers to nej;otiate peace with (ireat 
 Britain June 14, 1781, and siirned the treatv of 
 Paris: ai>pointeil one of the ministei-s to negotiate 
 treaties with the Kuropean ])owers May 1, 17s:i: 
 returned to New York in 17S4: appointed secretary 
 of forei^rn affairs liecemlxT. 17S4: apjiointed Chief 
 Justice of the Sn|ireme Court of tlie I'niteil States 
 Sei)tend)er"J4, I7}<'J: defeated as the Federal candi- 
 date for governor of New York in 1792 hy (ieorge 
 Clinton, Demoerat; appointeil envoy extraorili- 
 narv to Great Britain April lit, 1794, serving until 
 Aprils, 179.i: governor of New York 1 79.'>- 1 si 1 1 : 
 declined reelei'tion, ami also reai>pointment as 
 Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the I'niteil 
 States; retired to his farm at Hedford. near New 
 York City, where he died May 17, 1829. lie 
 wrote several numbers of the Federalist and many 
 able state jiapers. 
 
 Jayne, William, was born at Springlield, HI., 
 Octoljer 8, ISl'li; received a liln'ral education: 
 studied medicine; practiced for eleven years; 
 mayor of Springfield 1859-181)1; appointed by 
 President Lincoln governor of Dakota Territory 
 and served in 1861 and 1802; claimed to have 
 been elected as a Delegate from Dakota Territory 
 to the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Kepublican, 
 but the seat was suceessfullv contested bv John 
 B. S. Todd, who took the seat June 13, 18t}4. 
 
 Jefierson. Thomas, was born af Phadwell,Va., 
 April 2, 174:i: graduated from William and Mary 
 College: studied law with (ieorge Wythe; admit- 
 ted tothebarand began practice in 1757: member 
 of the colonial house of bui-gesses 17i<!»-1774; 
 prominent in ]ire-Ki'Volutionary movemi'nts: Del- 
 egiite from Virginia to the Continental Congre.is 
 177.7-1778; governor of Virginia 1779-1781; mem- 
 ber of the State house of representatives 1782: 
 again Delegate to the Continental Congress 1782- 
 178:!; appointed minister plenipountiary toF.uiope 
 and then to France alone 1784-1789; appointed 
 Secretary of State of tlie I'niled States Siptendier 
 2(), 1789, .serving luitil Dccendier :!, 179:!; elected 
 Vii-e-President of the I'liited States, serving from 
 1797 to 1801; rei-eived 7.'?of 128 electoral votes east 
 for President of the Fnited States in 1801, and 
 Aaron Burr having received the same number 
 Mr. Jefferson was elected by the Ilou.-^eof Repre- 
 sentatives on the thirty-sixth ballot; riH-leeted 
 President in 1805; serving as i'resideiit March 4. 
 1801, to March :{, 1809; retireil to his estate, called 
 "Monticello;" active in founding the liiiversity 
 of Virginia; died at Monticello, July 4, 1820. 
 
 Jeffords, Elza, was born near fronton, Ijiw- 
 renee County, Ohio. .May 2S, 1821!: received ago^id 
 common scliool i-ducation; reared iu Portsmouth, 
 
 Ohio; .served his ajiprentieeship in the clerk's 
 ollice; read law and admitteil to practice in Ports- 
 mouth, Ohio, in 1.847; served in the Army of the 
 Tennessee from June, 18li2, to Decendier, l.s»>:{, as 
 clerk in the t^nartermaster's Department, land 
 transportation; judge of the high court of errors 
 and apjK-als in Mississipjii ISIiS-liO; elected to the 
 Fortv-eighth Congre.'^sjisa Republican: dieil March 
 19, 1885, at Vicksburg, Miss. 
 
 Jenckes, Thomas A., was born at Cmnljer- 
 land, U. I., Novendier 2, 1818; graduated from 
 Brown Cniversity in 18:W: studied law, and in 
 1S40 admitted to the bar; beg-an practice at Provi- 
 dence; clerk in the State legislature 1840-1844; 
 secretary of the State constitutional convention 
 in 1842; adjutant-general 1.84.5- l,s.55; member of 
 the State legislature 1.S54-1.8.59; commissioner to 
 revise the laws of the State in 18.55; elected a 
 Representative from Rhode Island to the Thirty- 
 eighth, Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, and Forty-first 
 Congresses as a Repulilican; defeated as a Ri'pnl> 
 liean candidate to the Forty-second Congre.*?; died 
 at Cumberland, R. I., November 4, 1.875. 
 
 Jenifer, Daniel (father of Daniel Jenifer), of 
 St. Thomas, was born in Maryland in 1723; active 
 in pre-Revolntionary movements; Delegate from 
 Maryland to the Continental Congress 1778-1782, 
 and also to the national constitutional convention; 
 died in Maryland November t>, 1790. 
 
 Jenifer, Daniel (son of Daniel Jenifer), was 
 born in Charles (_'onnty, Md., April 15, 1791; re- 
 ceived a liberal education; State legislator; local 
 magistrate; elected a Representative from Mary- 
 land to the Twenty-second Congre.ss as a Whig: 
 defeated for the Twenty-third Congress; reelected 
 to the Twenty fourlh. Tweiity-tifth, and Twenty- 
 sixth Congresses; minister to .Vustria .\iigust 27, 
 1841, to July 7, 1845; died December 18, 1855, near 
 Port Tobacco, Md. 
 
 Jenkins, Albert G. , wiu« born in Cabell County, 
 Va., Novendier 10, 18.'!0; graduatdl from .leffersoii 
 College: studied law at theCambridge Law .School; 
 admitted to the bar but never practiced; delegate 
 to the national Democratic convention at Cincin- 
 nati, (^hio, 1.8.5li; elected a Representative from 
 Virginia to the Thirty-tifth and Thirty-sixth Con- 
 gre.s.ses; delegate from Virginia to the provisional 
 Confederate congrt'ss in 1.801; entered the Confed- 
 erate service; ai>|iointed bripidier-geiieral August 
 1, 1802: killed in action at l>ublin, Va., May 7, 
 1,804. 
 
 Jenkins, John J., of Chippewa Falls, Wis., was 
 born at Weymouth. England. .Vugust 20. 1843; s<-t- 
 tled in Baniboo, Wis., in June. 1.852; attended the 
 common schools a few terms: served during tlie 
 war as a member of Company .\. Sixth Wisconsin 
 Volunteers: clerk of the circuit court of Baralmo, 
 Sauk County; city clerk and city attorney of Chip- 
 pewa Falls; niember of the assembly from Chip- 
 iiewa Countv; eountv judge of Chippewa C' 
 
 ounty; 
 amiointed I'nited States attorney of the Territory 
 of Wvoining i)V President lir.uit March. 1870; 
 elected to the Fifty-fourth. Fifty-tifth. Fifty-sixth, 
 Fiftv-si'venth. and Fifty-eighth Congresses a.s a 
 Kepublican. 
 
 Jenkins, Lemuel, was a native of Blooming- 
 bui-g. N. Y.; elected a Kepivseiitative from New- 
 York to the Fighteenth Congre,--s. 
 
 Jenkins. Robert, wasa native of Pennsylvania; 
 elected a Representative from that State to the 
 Tenth and F.leventh Congresses. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 621 
 
 Jenkins, Timothy, was Ijorn at Barre, Mass., 
 January 29, 1799; received an academic education; 
 studied' law; admitted to tlie liar in 1824; began 
 practice at Oneida Castle, N. Y.; district attorney 
 for Oneida County 18:59-1845; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Xew York to the Twenty-ninth 
 and Thirtieth Congresses as a Democrat; defeated 
 for the Thirty-first Congress; reelected to the 
 Thirty-second Congress; defeated for the Thirty- 
 third" Congress; liied at ;\Iartinsburg, N. Y., 
 December 24, 1859. 
 
 Jenks, George A., was born in .Tefftrson 
 County, Pa., Marcli 20, 1836; learned the carpen- 
 ter's trade; taught school; graduated from Jeffer- 
 son College in August, 1858; studied law; admitted 
 to the bar in 18.59; began practice at Hrookville; 
 elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Jenks, Michael Hutchinson, was born at 
 Bridgetown Mills, near Middletown, Pa., May 21, 
 1795; received an academic education; engaged in 
 agricultural jmrsuits; commissioner of Bucks 
 County 1830-1833, and treasurer 1833-1835; moved 
 to Newtown in 1837; associate judge of the court 
 of common pleas in Bucks County 1838-1843; 
 elected a Rejiresentative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Twenty-eighth Congress; defeated fortlie Twenty- 
 ninth Congress; chief burgess of Newtown for 
 many years, where he died October 16, 1867. 
 
 Jenness, Benning W. , was born at Deerfield, 
 K. II., July 14, 1806; received an acadenuc educa- 
 tion; judge (if probate of Strafford County 1841- 
 1845; appointed a United States Senator from New 
 Hampshire (vice Levi Woodbury, resigned), serv- 
 ing from December 1, 1845, to June 22, 1846; died 
 at Cleveland, Ohio, November 16, 1879. 
 
 Jennings, David, was a native of Hunterdon 
 County, N. J.; attended the public schools; moved 
 to St. Clairsville, Ohio; held several local offices; 
 elected a Repre.sentative from Ohio to the Nine- 
 teenth C!ongress, serving until his resignation. May 
 25, 1826. 
 
 Jennings, Jonathan, was born in Hunterdon 
 County, N. J., about 1776; received an academic 
 education; went to the Northwest Territory; first 
 Delegate from the Indiana Territory, after some 
 opposition entering the Eleventh Congress; re- 
 elected to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth 
 Congresses; elected governor of Indiana in Decem- 
 fjer, 1816, serving until 1822; appoiiued Indian 
 Commi.'^sioner in 1818; elected a Representative 
 from Indiana ti5 the Seventeenth Congress, vice 
 William Hendricks, resigned; reelected to the 
 Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty- 
 first Congresses; grand master of Free i\Iasons in 
 1824; died near Charlestown, Ind., July 26, 1834. 
 
 Jett, Thomas Marion, of Hillsboro, 111., was 
 born on a farm in Bond County, HI., May 1, 1862; 
 attended the conniion schools of the counties of 
 Bond and Montgomery; attended college two 
 years at the Northern Indiana Normal School, 
 Valparaiso, Ind.; taught school; read law, and 
 admitted to practice in May, 1887; elected State 
 attorney of Montgomery County, III., in 1889, and 
 servetl eight years; elected to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty- 
 sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Jewett, Daniel TT., was appointed a United 
 States Senator from the State of Missouri Decem- 
 ber 19, 1870, in the place of (Charles D. Drake, 
 resigned, and served until June 20, 1871. 
 
 Jewett, Freeborn G. , was born at Skaneateles, 
 N. Y., in 1790; received an academic education; 
 
 studied law; admitted to the bar in 1818; com- 
 menced practice at Skaneateles; surrogate of Onon- 
 daga County 1824-1831; elected a Representative 
 from New York as a Jackson Democrat to the 
 Twenty-second Congress; a]ipointed a puisne jus- 
 tice of the supreme court JNIarch 5, 1845; elected 
 judge of the court of appeals in 1849; reelected in 
 1853; resigned in 1853 on account of ill health; 
 died at Skaneateles, N. Y., February 23, 1858. 
 
 Jewett, Hugh J., was born at Deercreek, Md.. 
 about 1812; received a liberal education; studied 
 law in Cecil County, Md.; admitted to the bar; 
 commenced practicing at Columbus, Ohio; elected 
 a Representative from Ohio to the Forty-third Con- 
 gress as a Democrat, serving until June 23, 1874, 
 when he resigned to Ijecorae president of the Erie 
 Railroad Company; died in 1898. 
 
 Jewett, Joshua H. , was born at Deercreek, 
 
 Harforil Countv, 3Id., September 13, 1S12; at- 
 tended the public schools; studied law; adnutted 
 to the Ijaraud began practicing at Elizabethtown, 
 Ky.; county prosecuting attorney; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Kentucky to the Thii'ty-fourth 
 and Thirty-fifth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Jewett, Luther, was born at Canterbury, 
 Conn., December 24, 1772; graduated from Dart- 
 mouth College in 1795; studied medicine and 
 began practice at Putney, Vt. ; member of the 
 State house of rejiresentatives; elei'ted a Repre- 
 sentative from Vermont to the Fourteenth Con- 
 gress as a Federalist; moved to St. Johnsbury; 
 studied theology; pastor at Newbury, Vt., 1821- 
 1828; returned to St. Johnsbury and ]iul)lished 
 the Farmer's Herald 1828-1832 and the Free ^lason 
 Friend 1830-1832; diedatSt. Johnsburv,Vt., March 
 8, 1860. 
 
 Johns, Kensey (father of Kensey Johns, jr.), 
 was born in Maryland June 14, 1759; received a 
 I classical education; studied law; practiced; clian- 
 cellor of the State of Delaware; appointed by the 
 governor of Delaware a United States Senator, vice 
 George Read, resigned; after presenting his cre- 
 dentials, March 4, 1794, the Committee on Elec- 
 tions reported on the 28th u{ March that he was 
 not entitled to a seat, a session of the legislature 
 of Delaware having intervened between Senator 
 Read's resignation and the appointment; the 
 report was sustaineil liy the Senate. 
 
 Johns, Kensey, jr., was born at Newcastle, 
 Del., Decendier 10, 1791; received a classical edu- 
 cation and graduated from Princeton College in 
 
 I 1810; studied law; admitted to the bar in 1813; 
 
 I commenced practice at his home town; elected a 
 
 I Representative from Delaware to the Twentieth 
 and Twenty-first Congresses; appointed chancellor 
 of Delaware in 1832, serving until his death, at 
 
 I Newcastle, Del., March 28, 1857. 
 
 Johnson, Andrew, was born at Raleigh, N. C, 
 December 29, 1808; received no schooling on ac- 
 count of poverty; at the age of 10 apjirenticed to a 
 tailor; moved to Greeneville, Tenn., Septendier, 
 1826, where he received a limited education under 
 his wife's instruction; organized in 1828 a work- 
 ingman's party; elected alderman for three years; 
 mayor of Greeneville 1830-1833; member of the 
 Tennessee house of representatives 1835-1839; de- 
 feated as a Presidential elector on the Van Bmen 
 ticket in 1840; State senator in 1841 ; electeil a Rep- 
 resentative fnim Tennessee to the Twentv-eitihtli, 
 Twenty-nmth, Thirtieth, Thirty-first, and Thirty- 
 second Congresses as a Democrat; governor of 
 Tennessee 1853-1857; United States Senator from 
 Tennessee from December 7, 1857, until appointed 
 
(\'2-2 
 
 OONdRKSSIONAL DIBKC'TORY. 
 
 bv President Lincoln to lie military governor of 
 Tennessee, Mareli 4, ISti'J; eleeteil Viee- President 
 on till' Ke|ml)li<';iii ticket in IStU; I'resi<leMt of tlie 
 fnited States April 15, IStlfi, mi the death of 
 Abraliani Lincoln; ini)>eaclied ami aciiiiitled May 
 20, IHtiS, by a vole nf ;{."i jiuilly against !!• not 
 •luilty; defeateil lus a candidate for the I'nited 
 .states .Senate before the lesiislatnre in 1S70; de- 
 feated as an inde|iendeMt candidate for Conjiress 
 atlarjietothe Korty-thinI Coiiirrcss; elected l"nited 
 States .Senator from Tennessi-e in I.'^T.t; <Ued Jnly 
 31, 1875, in Carter Connty, Tenn. 
 
 Johnson, Cave, was l>orn in Kobertsoii t'oinUy. 
 Tenn.. .laiHiary II, 17!i:!; receiveil an acaileniic ed- 
 ucation: stiidifd law: admitted to the bar and lic- 
 piii piactice at Clarksville. Tenn.; app.iinlid cir- 
 cuit jndi;e:ele<ted a Representative fnim I'emiessee 
 to the Twenly-lirst, Twenty-secoml, Twenty-third, 
 and Twenty-fourth t'onfrresses as a Democrat; de- 
 feated for the Twenty-lifth ('unirress; reelected to 
 the Twenty-sixth, Twenty-seventh, anil Twenty- 
 eiflhth t'onjiresses; ap|Hiinted I'nstmaster-* icneral, 
 servinj: March 5, 1S45, mitil March 5, IS-lit; presi- 
 dent of the Stale Hank cif Tennessee 1S5(1-1S5>I: 
 elected to the Slate senate durin;; the civil war as 
 a rnionist; died at Clarksville, Tenn., November 
 
 Johnson, Charles, was a native of Chowan 
 Coiintv, N. C.; received an academic cdncalion; 
 Stjile senalof 17.S1-17S4. 17.Sf<, 17i>0-17!IL'; elected 
 a Representative from North Carolina to the 
 SeviMith Confiress, servin.^ until his death, in bS02. 
 
 Johnson, Francis, was a native of Caroline 
 County, \'a.; studied law; admitteil to the bar; 
 practiceil; meinher of the State house of rei)re- 
 sentatives; moved to Bowl in;.' (ireeu. Ky.; eleeteil 
 a Representative from Kentucky to the Si.xteenth 
 Congress (vice David Walker, deceased) as an 
 Adams Republican; reelected to the Seventeenth, 
 Kifrhteeuth, and .Nineteenth Con>;res.ses, serviu); 
 from November 13, 1.S20, to March 3, lsi>7; ilied 
 at Louisville, Ky., December 14, 1S51. 
 
 Johnson, Frederick A., wa.s born at (dens 
 Kalis, Warren County, N. Y., .January 2. XKi'.i: 
 educated in the coumion schools and at (ileus 
 Falls .Vcademy; ensrajred in bankin;:; eleeteil to 
 the I-'orty-eighth and Korly-ninlh Con-ires.-'es as a 
 Republican; executor of several laifre estates: treas- 
 urer of the (liens Falls lusuraiu'e Coinpanv; 
 died .Inly U», KS93. 
 
 Johnson, Grove Lawrence, of Saciamenlu, 
 Cal., was born at Svracnse. Onuudatia County, 
 N. Y.. .\Lirch 27, lS4'l; studied law; admitted to 
 the bar .Vpril 3, l.sti2: elected school comndssioner 
 of the Fourth Ward of Syracuse in March, l,St)2; 
 in 18(13 moved to the Pacific coast; in December, 
 lS(i5, located at Sacramento, Cal.; swamp-land 
 clerk of Sacramento County from ISiKi to 1.S73, 
 inclusive; inendjer of ihe Califurnia a.-^.-iemlily in 
 l,s7.s-7!l and of the Calilurnia Stale senate in 18St), 
 bSSI, and 1S.S2; cunuueiiccd the practice of his jiro- 
 fe.'sion in Sacramento May I, l.'^74; conducted the 
 celebrated Heath murder trial at Fresno, and the 
 e<|ually <-eleliral<-d Martin will ciisc al San Fran- 
 cisco; chairman of the committee on platform in 
 the Republirau Slate conventions of California in 
 ISSS, lSii2, and ISiM; elected to the Fifty-fourth 
 Conjrre.s-s as a Republican, beiu',; llu' lirst Repub- 
 lican elected to Congress from the district in ten 
 years. 
 
 Johnson, Harvey H., was a native "f Ver- 
 mont: atleiidi'd the public schools; moved to .\sh- 
 land, Ohio; elected a Rei>re.sentative from that 
 
 I State to the Thirty-thinl Contrn-ss as a De crat: 
 
 I defeated for the Thirty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Johnson, Henry, waji born in Tennessee Sep- 
 tend)er 14, 17S3; received an academic education; 
 moved to Ijniisiana; studied law; admitted to the 
 bar; begsui practice at Bringiers; clerk of the Ter- 
 ritorial court in l.siKl; judge of the parish court in 
 1811; delegate to the Stale constitutional conveii- 
 j lion in 1SI2; defeated by Thomas B. Rohert.son in 
 I 1S12 for rnited States Representative; elected a 
 I'liited States Senator from I^juisiana, vice William 
 C. C. Claiborne, decea-sed; reelected, serving from 
 February 211. 181S, to May 27, 1824, when lie re- 
 signed: di'leated for the I'nited States Senate by 
 Ivlward Livingstone in 182!'; elected a Repre.senta- 
 ' ti\e from Louisiana to t!ie Tweiily-lhird (vice 
 Kdward (i. White, resigned). Twenty-fourth, and 
 Twenty-fifth Congre.-'ses as a Whig; defeated as 
 the Whig candidate for governor in 1842 by A. 
 Monlon, Democrat; again elected a Cniteil States 
 Senator i vice Alexander Porter, decejl-^ed ), serving 
 from March 4, 1844, to March 3, 1.849; die<l at 
 I'ointe Cou|K''e, ]>a., September 4, 18(44. 
 
 Johnson, Henry XI. . of Richmond, Ind., was 
 born at Camliridge City. Wayne County. Ind., Oc- 
 I tober 28, bH.50; received his education at Center- 
 ville Collegiate Institute and at Farlhani College; 
 located in Wayne Connty; studied law; admitte<l 
 to practice at the Wayne County liar in February, 
 1872; elected prosecuting attorney for Wayne 
 County in 187(land IS78; elected to "the Stale sen- 
 ate from Wayne County in 18.><(i and served in the 
 legislative ses.sions of 1887 and 188St; elected to the 
 Fifty-second, Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, and Fifty- 
 lifth Congresses as a Rejiublican. 
 
 Johnson, Herschel V., was born in Burke 
 County, lia.. September 18, 1,S12; graduated from 
 Franklin College in 1834; studied law ; admitted 
 to the bar; i>racticed at .Vngusta; moved to .Jeffer- 
 son County in 1839 and to Milledgeville in 1844; 
 appointed a I'nited States Senator from (leorgia 
 ( vice Walter T. Coli|uitt. resigned), serving from 
 February 14, 1,848, to March 3, L84Vt; judge of the 
 superior court N'ovendier, 1849, to August, 18.53; 
 governor of (ieorgia 1,H.):!-1.'<57; candidate for vice- 
 president on the Douglas Democratic ticket in 
 18(>(); a Seiuttor from Cieorgia in the Second Con- 
 federate Congress; died ill Jefferson Count v, (ta., 
 August 1(1, 18.80. 
 
 Johnson, James, was a native of Virginia; re- 
 ceived a libend eilucatioii; memlier of the .State 
 legislature: elected a Representative from Vir- 
 ginia to the Thirteenth. Fourteenth, Fifteenth, 
 and Sixteenth ('ongre.s,ses as a Democrat, serving 
 until Feiiruary 1, l.'<2(), when he resigned to lieeonie 
 customs collector of Norfolk; died at Norfolk, Va., 
 December 7, 1.825. 
 
 Johnson, James (brotherof Richanl M. .John- 
 son 1, was born in ( h-ange Connty, Va., .January 1, 
 1774; iuovihI to Kentucky; served in the war of 
 1812; large contractor for supplying troops on the 
 Mississippi and Mi.ssouri rivers 1819-20; ele<-ted 
 a Representative from Kentucky to the Nineteenth 
 C^ongress as a Democrat, .serving until his death, at 
 (Jreat Crossings, Ky., August 14, l.'<2(>. 
 
 Johnson, James, was born in RobinsonConnty, 
 N. C, in isil; gniduali-il from the State Cniver- 
 sitvinl8:!2; taught school; studied law ; adnnttiHi 
 to the bar; i>rosecutinir attorney ; elected a Repn"- 
 sentative from (Jeoniia to the "fhirty-second ( on- 
 grt-ssasa I'nionisI ; appointed jirovisional governor 
 of (ieorgia by President Johnson in 18il."i: rustoms 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 623 
 
 collector at Savannah 1866-1869; appuiuted judge 
 of the circuit court of Georgia in 1870. 
 
 Jolinson, James A., was born at Spartanburg, 
 S. C, May 16, 1829; entered the common schools; 
 studied medicine and law; commenced practice 
 at Downieville, Cal.; member of the legislature 
 18o9-(i0; elected a Representative from California 
 to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Johnson, James H. , was a native of New 
 Haiu|ishire; entered tlie public schools; resided 
 at I'ath; State senator in 1839; State councilor in 
 1842 and 1845; elected a Representative from New 
 Hampshire to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth 
 Congresses. 
 
 Johnson, James L., was a native of Kentucky; 
 lived atOwensliiiro; electeda Representative from 
 Kentucky to the Thirty-tirst Congress as a Whig; 
 died at Owensboro, February 12, 1877. 
 
 Johnson, Jeromus, was a native of Kings 
 Comity, N. Y; attended the publicschocils; moved 
 to New York City; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the iSTineteenth and Twentieth Con- 
 gresses as a Jackson Democrat; moved to (ioshen, 
 Orange County, where he died September 7, 1846. 
 
 Johnson, John, was born in County Tyrone, 
 Ireland, in 1808; received a limited education; 
 came to Coshocton, Ohio, in 1824; engaged in agri- 
 cultural pursuits; State senator; delegate to the 
 State constitutional convention; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Ohio ti> the Thirty-second Congress 
 as an Independent. 
 
 Johnson, John T., was a native of Scott 
 County, Ky. ; received a limited education; studied 
 law; admitted to the bar; began practice at George- 
 town; elected a Representative from Kentucky 
 to the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Congresses; 
 appointed judge ti> tlie new court of apjieals April 
 20, 1826; died at Lexington, Mo., December 18, 
 1857. 
 
 Johnson, Joseph, was born in Orange County, 
 X. Y., December 19, 1785; moved to Bridgeport, Va. 
 (nowAVest Virginia): self-educated; served in the 
 war of 1812 as captain of volunteers; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Virginia to the Eighteenth an<l 
 Kineteenth Congresses as a Democrat ; defeated for 
 the Twentieth Congress; elected to the Twenty- 
 second Congress (vice Philip Doddridge, deceased), 
 serving from January 21 to March 2, 1833; elected 
 to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty- 
 sixth Congresses; delegate to the natinnal Demo- 
 cratic convention at Baltimore in 1844; elected to 
 the Twenty-ninth Congress; governor of Vii-ginia 
 18.52-1856; supporter of the Southern Confederacy; 
 died at Bridgeport, AV. Va., February 27, 1877. 
 
 Johnson, Joseph Travis, of Spartanburg, was 
 born at Brewerton, Laurens County, S. C, Febru- 
 ary 28, 1858; graduated from Krskine College July 
 2, 1879; admitted to the practice of law in the 
 courts of South Carolina May 30, 1883; elected to 
 the Fifty-seventhCongress as a Democrat; reelecteii 
 to the Fifty-eighth Congress, 
 
 Johnson, Martin N. , of Petersburg, N. Dak., 
 was burn in Wisconsin in 1850; moved to Iowa; 
 graduated from the Iowa State University in 1873; 
 taught two years in the California Military Acad- 
 emy atOakland; studied law; admitted to the bar 
 in 1876; served a term in each branch of the Iowa 
 legislature; Ilayeselector for the Dubiujue district 
 in the electoral college of 1876; moved to Dakota 
 in 1882; elected district attorney in 1886 and 1888; 
 
 member of the constitutional convention of Nortli 
 Dakota in 1889 and chairman of the first Repub- 
 lican State convention same year; elected to the 
 Fifty-second Congress as a Republican; reelected 
 to the Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, and Fifty-fifth 
 Congresses. 
 
 Johnson, Noadiah, was a native of New York; 
 received a liberal education; studied law; admitted 
 to the bar; began practice at Delhi, N. Y.; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the Twenty- 
 third Congress as a Jackson Democrat; member of 
 the State senate 1837-1839; died at Albanv, N. Y., 
 April 4, 1839. 
 
 Johnson, Perley B., was a native of Ohio; 
 attended the public schools at McConnelsville; 
 elected a Representative from Ohio to the Twenty- 
 eighth Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Johnson, Philip, was born in Warren County, 
 N. J., Jamiary 17, 1818; went to Pennsylvania in 
 1839; attended Lafayette College; taught school; 
 studied law; admitted to the bar in 1848; com- 
 menced practice at Easton; count}' court clerk; 
 State representative in 1853-.54; revenue commis- 
 sioner of tlie third judicial district in 1860; elected 
 a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty- 
 seventh and Thirty-ninth Congresses as a Repub- 
 lican, serving until his death, at AA'^ashington, 
 D. C, January 29, 1867. 
 
 Johnson, Reverdy, was born at Annaixdis, 
 Md., May 21, 1796; graduated from St. John's Col- 
 lege; studied law; admitted to the bar in 1815, 
 commencing practice at Annapolis; appointed ■ 
 State attorney; moved to Baltimore in 1817: 
 State senator 1821-1827; L^nited States Senator 
 from Maryland as a AVhig in 1845, serving until 
 his resignation, March 7, 1849; appointeii Attorney- 
 General March 7, 1849, serving until July 20, 1850; 
 delegate to the peace convention in 1861 ; State 
 representative in 1861; elected a United States 
 Senator 1863, serving until his resignation, July 10, 
 1868; minister to England 1868-69; edited several 
 reports of Maryland court of appeals 1820-1827; 
 died at Annapolis, Md., February 10, 1876. 
 
 Johnson, Richard Mentor ( brother of James 
 Johnson), was born at Bryants Station, Ky., Octo- 
 ber i7, 1781; attended Transylvania (.University; 
 studied law; admitted to the bar; State repre.senta- 
 tive in 1805; served in the war of 1812 as colonel 
 of volunteers; elected a Representative from 
 Kentucky as a Jack.son Democrat to the Tenth, 
 Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and 
 Fifteenth Congresses; elected a United States 
 Senator from Kentucky, vice John J. Crittenden, 
 resigned; reelected January 3, 1820, to March 3, 
 1829; elected to the Twenty-first, Twenty-second, 
 Twenty-third, and Twentv-fourth Congresses; 
 Vice-President of the Uniteil States 1837-1841, 
 chosen by the Senate; defeated for the same office 
 on the Democratic ticket in 1840; State representa- 
 tive; died at Frankfort, Ky., November 19, 1850. 
 
 Johnson, Robert W. , was born in Kentucky 
 in 1814; attended tlie common schools: studied 
 law; admitted to the bar; began practice at Pine 
 Bluff, Ark.; elected to the Thirtieth, Thirty-first, 
 and Thirty -second Congresses as a Democrat; 
 , elected a United States Senator (vice Solon Bor- 
 ' land, resigned), serving from December 5, 1853, 
 until he withdrew in 1861:- Confederate States 
 senator from Arkansas, serving to the final ad- 
 journment; moved to Washington, D. C. ; died in 
 Arkansas about 1879. 
 
024 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 Johnson, Thomas, was l)orn in Calvert C'niiiity, 
 Mil., Novoiiilxr 4, 17:!!'; ri'cviwd a liU'ral t'diicji- 
 tion; i^tuiiii'd law ami jiiacliinl; IVU'jiate from 
 Maryland tu the Ciiiitiiiciilal ('i)ii;;ri'S.i, serving 
 froni 1774 to 1777; noininali'd (ieorije Wasliiii^rton 
 tolH-'ionimandcrin chii'f; dck'nalototlu' lirst con- 
 stitutional fonvcntion of Maryland; served in the 
 Kevolnlionary war: elected lii-st p)vernorof Marv- 
 land 1777-177'!!; nioved to Krederickstown, Md.; 
 served several terms in the Slate le^'islature; served 
 on the Inited States SniJi\'me Court lieneh 17iU- 
 1793; dieil at Hose Hill, Md., October 25, IKl'.t. 
 
 Johnson, Tom L., of Cleveland, Ohio, was 
 born in Scott County, Ky.,.Inly IS. isr)4; edu<'ated 
 in tlie i'"''''''''''''""'^"' l'"-vausville, Ind. ; secretary 
 and snlisei|uently superiuleiideut of the Central 
 riussenj-er Kailroad Company, of Louisville, Ky.; 
 in 187(> became the owner' of the Indianaiiolis 
 (Ind. ) .street Railway ; in 1879 purchased the 
 Brooklyn Street Railway, of Cleveland, Ohio; 
 president of that company; in 1884 estahlishcd the 
 Johnson Com] lany, of .Iohnstown,I'a., for the man- 
 ufacture uf steel rails; elected to the Fifty-second 
 and Fifty-third Congresses a.s a Democrat; elei-ted 
 mayor of Cleveland, Ohio, 1899, 1901, and 1903. 
 
 Johnson, Waldo P., was born in Harrison 
 County, Va., September Hi, 1817; elected a Cnited 
 States Senator from .Missouri as a I>eniocrat, serv- 
 ing from .July 4, lst;i, to .lanuary 10. 18(12, when 
 he was expelled from thi' Senate; died at Osceola, 
 Mo., August 14, 1885. 
 
 Johnson, William, was born in Ireland in 
 ]SI!l; cuii^;rati'd to the United Stjites and locatcil 
 in Ohio; receive<l a jiublic school e<lucation; 
 studied law; admitted to the bar; began the i>rac- 
 tice of his profession at .Mtmslield, Ohio; elected a 
 Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-eighth 
 Congress as a Democrat; defeated for reelection; 
 died at Manslield, Ohio, May 3, IStili. 
 
 Johnson, William Cost, was born in Fred- 
 erick County, Md., in ISOti; received a lilieral ed- 
 ucation; studi»'d law; ailmitted to the liar in 18:)1; 
 liegan practicing at Jefferson, Md.; .served in the 
 State house of representatives; delegate to the 
 Maryland State constitutional convention; elected 
 a Representative from .Maryland to the Twenty- 
 third Congress a.s a Whig; again elected to the 
 Twenty-tifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-.scventh 
 Congre.sses; resmned the ])ractice of law at Wash- 
 ington, D. C, and died there .\pril Ki. 18(i0. 
 
 Johnson, William Samuel, was born at Strat- 
 foril, Conn., Oitolier 7, 1727; graduateil from Vale 
 College in 1744; sIuiUcmI law and commenced jirac- 
 tice at Stratford; delegate from Connecticut to the 
 convention of the colonies at New York in l76-i; 
 juilge of the supixiue court of Connectiiut 1772- 
 1774; Delegate fri>m Connecticut U) the Continen- 
 tal Congress 1784-1787; elected a Cnited States 
 Senator from Connecticut to the First Congress, 
 serving from 178it to 1791, when he resigned; jiresi- 
 dent of Cohuubia College of New York City 1792- 
 18t.KI; died at Stratford, Coim., November 14, 1819. 
 
 Johnston, Charles, was a native of Connecti- 
 cut; attended the connnon schools; moved to New 
 York; located at I'oughkeepsie; stndieil law; 
 admitteil to the bar; elected a Reprc-icntative 
 fpmi New York to the Twenty-sixth Congre,>'S as 
 a Whig; ileleate<l for reelection. 
 
 Johnston, Charles C, was born at .\l>ingdon, 
 Va., in 179.'i; received a liberal education; studied 
 law; jiracticed at .Vbingdon; elected a Representa- 
 
 tive from Virginia to the Twenty-second Congress; 
 dieil at Alexandria, Va., June l'7, 1832. 
 
 Johnston, David E., of Bluelield, W. Va., 
 was horn .Vjiril H), lS4.'i, near I'earisburg, Oiles 
 ( ounly, Va.; received a common school education; 
 in .\pril, l.Slil, eidisted in Confederate army, 
 .serving four years in Seventh Virginia Regiment 
 of Infantry, Kemiier's brigade of I'icketl's ilivi- 
 sion; twill- wounded — at Williamsburg, Va., May 
 5, 181)2, and in the charge ■•f I'ickett's division at 
 (iettyshing, .Inly 3, 18t).S; ailmitted to the bar ill 
 Giles County, Va., in 1S(>7; moved to .Mercer 
 County, W. Va., in 1870; elected prosecuting 
 attorney for last-named county, and served four 
 years; in 1878 elected to the State senate, served 
 one term, resigned; in 1880 elected judge of the 
 ninth judicial circuit; serving eight years; Demo- 
 cratic 5'resiilintial electorin LStttJ for the Third dis- 
 trict of West Virginia; elected to the Fifty-sixth 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Johnston, Joseph E. , was born at Longwood, 
 I'rince Kdward County, Va. February 3, 1807; 
 educated at West I'oint"; served in the ('. S. Army 
 in the grades from second lieutenant to brigadier- 
 general; in the Confeilerate army as genenil; was 
 for Some years the general agent of the Home 
 I Fire) Insurance Company of New York; elected 
 a Representative to the Forty-sixth Congress as a 
 Democrat; Corami,sgioner of Railroads under 
 tirover Cleveland; died at Washington, D. C., 
 Maich 21. 1891. 
 
 Johnston, James T., of Rockville, In<l., was 
 born in Putnam County, Ind., January 19, 1839; 
 received a common school education; commenced 
 the study of law in I8iil ; in July, 1802, enlisted as 
 a private in Company C, Sixth Indiana Cavalry; 
 in Sejiteudier, 18();{, transferred to Company A, 
 I'.ighth Tcimesiiee Cavalry, and comnLissioned as 
 second lieutenant and served in that capacity until 
 January, 1804, resigning on account of di.sahility; 
 afterwards served as commissary-sergeant of One 
 hundred and thirty-third Indiana Infantry; coni- 
 nussioned lieutenant and assistant quarternuLster 
 of the t)ne hundred and forty-ninth Indiana In- 
 fantry, and nmstered out with the regnnent in 
 Septendier, ISO.^i; adnntted to the bar in March, 
 IStiti; elected prosecuting attorney, .serving two 
 years: elected a rei>reseutative to the State li-gisla- 
 ture in 1808 from Parke County: elected State sen- 
 ator from the counties of Parke and \'ernnlion in 
 1874, serving four years; elected to the Forty- 
 ninth Congress as a Rei)ublicau; reelected to the 
 Fiftieth Congress. 
 
 Johnston, John W., was born at Panicello, 
 near .Vhingdoii. Septend)er Si, 1818; educated at 
 the .\bingdon .\cademy and the South Carolina 
 College, at Cohnnbia, S.C.; studiecl law atthe Cni- 
 versity of Virginia; licensed in 18,!9; Common- 
 wealth attorney for Tazewell County two yean*; 
 niemlier of the senate of the State of Virginia 
 184()— }7 and 1847-48; judge of the circuit court of 
 Vii-ginia; elected a Cnited States Senator from 
 Virginia luia Con.servativi', and took his seal Janu- 
 ary 28, 1870; reelected in 1871 and in 1875, dieil 
 at Richmond, \'a., February 27, 18,s>i. 
 
 Johnston, Josiah Stoddard, was Iwrnat.Salis- 
 burv. Conn.. November 24, 1784; in 1805 graduated 
 froiii Transylvania Cnivei-sity: studied law; begjiii 
 practice at .Vlexandria, Iji.; mendier of the State 
 house of representatives; State district judge; 
 elected a Rei>rc.sentative from Louisiana to tlie 
 Seventeenth Congress as n Clay Democrat; ap- 
 pointed a United States Senator from Louisiana, 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 625 
 
 vit-e James Brtiwu, resii;ned; twice reelecteJ, serv- 
 ing from JIaroh 113, lS-_'4, to Jlay 19, 1838, when he 
 died, at Red River, La. 
 
 Johnston, Samuel, was born at Dundee, Scot- 
 land, I)ec-eml>er l.'i, 173:); emigrated early in life 
 to Chowan County, X. C; Delegate from North 
 Carolina to the Continental Congress 1780-1782; 
 elected a United States Senator from North Caro- 
 lina to tlie First Congress as a Federalist, serving 
 from January 29, 1790, until March 2, 1793; ap- 
 pointed judge of the superior courts of North Car- 
 olina 1800-1803; died near Edentou, N. C, August 
 18, 1816. 
 
 Johnston, Thomas Dillard, of Asheville, N. C' 
 was liorn in Waynesvillc, Haywood County, N. C] 
 April 1, 1840; educated at common schools unti' 
 1853; 1858-59 entered the sophomore class at the 
 University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, but 
 left college in the spring of 1859 on account of 
 failing health; studied law; entered the Southern 
 army in the spring of 1861 and received three des- 
 perate wounds at Malvern Hill; licensed to practice 
 law in 1866 by the supreme court of North Carolina; 
 elected mayor of Asheville in 1869 — the first Demo- 
 cratic mayor after the war; elected in 1870 to the 
 lower house of the legislature of North Carolina; 
 designated by the house as one of the managers of 
 the impeachment of Governor \V. W. Holden; 
 candidate for Democratic elector on the Greeley 
 ticket in 1872; reelected to the State legislature in 
 1872; declined a third election; elected to the State 
 senate from the Buncombe district in 1876; elected 
 to the F(jrty-ninth Congress as a Democrat; re- 
 elected to the Fiftieth Congress. 
 
 Johnstone, Georg-e, was born at Newberry, 
 S. C, April 18, 1846; received his early education 
 principally in the scliools of his native town; en- 
 tered the State Slilitary .Vcademy, from which he 
 enlisted in the Confederate arm}' as a member of 
 the Battalion of State Cadets and served until the 
 close of the war; student in the University of Ed- 
 inburgh, Scotland, from 1866 until 1869; returned to 
 his native town; studied law; admitted to the bar in 
 1871; declined a nomination to the State legisla- 
 ture in 1874, which was tendered him; elected to the 
 State legislature at a special election in 1877, and 
 served continuously until 1884; declined reelec- 
 tion; served as member of the commission created 
 by act of the legislature which revised the tax laws 
 and to suggest amendments to the State constitu- 
 tion in 1881; member of the State executive com- 
 mittee of his party from 1880 to 1884; elected to 
 the Fifty-second Congre.ss as a Democrat; member 
 of the State constitutional convention in 1895. 
 
 Jolley, John Xi. , of Vermilion, Clay County, 
 S. Dak., was born in Montreal, < Quebec, July 14, 
 1840; received a common school education; moved 
 to Wisconsin in 1857; settled in Dakota Territory 
 July 9, 1866; enlisted as a private in Company C, 
 Twenty-third Wisconsin Volunteer Infantiy, Au- 
 gust 22, 1862; mustered out as second lieutenant, 
 July 4, 1865; elected a member of Dakota hou.«e 
 ■ of reiire-sentatives in 1867 and 1868; member of the 
 Dakota Territorial council in 1875and 1881 ; elected 
 State senator 1889-90: mayor of the city of Ver- 
 milion in 1877 and 1885; member of the Sioux 
 Falls constit\itional convention in 1889; member 
 of the Republican national convention in Chicago 
 in 1884; nominated by the Republican convention 
 at Aberdeen, S. Dak., September 29, 1891, for 
 member of Congress, to fill the vacancy caused by 
 the death of John R. Gamble, and elected to the 
 Fifty-second Congress November 3, 1891. 
 
 H. Doc. 4-58 40 
 
 Jonas, Benjamin F. , of New Orleans, La., was 
 born at Williamstown, Grant County, Ky., July 
 19,1834; moved to Adams County, ill., where he 
 received his education; in 1853 moved to New 
 Orleans, where he studied law; received a dii^loma 
 from the law department of the University of 
 Louisiana in 1855; joined the Confederate army 
 as a private of artillery; served as suchand as act- 
 ing adjutant of the artillery of lb loil's corps in the 
 Ariny of Tennessee until the end of the war; elected 
 member of the Louisiana legislature in 1865, and 
 served until reconstruction; chairman of the 
 Louisiana delegation to the Democratic national 
 convention in 1868; elected to the State senate in 
 1872, and adhered to the McEnery government, 
 refusing to take his seat in the Kellogg legislature; 
 elected city attorney of New Orleans in 1874, and 
 reelected in 1875; member of the Louisiana legisla- 
 ture in 1876 and 1877 and chairman of the judiciary 
 committee of the house; elected to the United 
 States Senate as a Democrat to succeed James B. 
 Eustis, Democrat, and took his seat March 18, 1879. 
 
 Jones, Alexander H. , was born in Buncombe 
 County, N. C, July 21, 1822; received a liberal 
 education; merchant; strong L^nion man, and in 
 1863 joined the Union forces; captured in l^ast Ten- 
 nessee while raising a regiment of Union volunteejs 
 and imprisoned at Asheville, also at Camp Vance, 
 Camp Holmes, and in Libby, at Richmond, Va. ; 
 cfinscripted; made his escape November 14, 1864; 
 againjoined the Union forces at Cumlierland, !\ld.; 
 after the war returned home; elected to tiie State 
 convention in 1865; elected a Representative from 
 North Carolina to the Thirty-ninth Congress as a 
 Republican, but was not admitted to his seat; re- 
 elected to the Fortieth Congress and took his seat 
 July 6, 1868; reelected to the Forty-first Congress. 
 
 Jones, Allen, was born in Halifax County, 
 N. C, in 1739; delegate to the State conventions 
 at Newbern in 1775 and Halifax in 1776; served 
 throughout the Revolutionary war; Delegate to 
 the Continental Congress 1779-1780; memlier of 
 the State senate of North Carolina 1784-1787; 
 member of the State convention in 1788; died in 
 Northampton County, N. C, November 10, 1798. 
 
 Jones, Benjamin, was a native of Virginia; 
 received a liberal education; moved to Ohio and 
 located at Wooster; elected a Representative from 
 Ohio to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Con- 
 gresses as a Jackson Democrat. 
 
 Jones, Burr W., of Madison, Wis., was born in 
 Union, Rock County, Wis., March 9, 1846; received 
 an academic and collegiate education, graduating 
 from the Wisconsin State University in 1870 and 
 from the law school of the same university in 1871 ; 
 a lawyer by profession and practiced at i\Iadison, 
 Wis.; elected district attorney of Dane County in 
 1872; reelected in 1874; elected to the Forty-eighth 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Jones, Charles W. , of Pensacola, Fla., was 
 born in Ireland in 1834; emigrated to the I'nited 
 States in 1844, settling at Pensacola in 18,54; self- 
 educated; studied law; admitted to the bar in 
 1857; member of the national Democratic con- 
 vention at Baltimore in 1872; unsuccessful Demo- 
 cratic candidate for Congress in 1872; member of 
 the State house of representatives of Florida in 
 1874; elected to the Cnited States Senate as a 
 Con.servative Democrat, to succeed Abijah Gilbert, 
 Republican, and took his seat March 5, 1875; 
 reelected in 1881; died in 1897. 
 
 Jones, Daniel T., was a native of Connecticut; 
 received a liberal ecbication: moved to Baldwins- 
 
6--M) 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTOKY. 
 
 ville, N. Y. ; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Tliirty-si-coiKl t'liii^ress as a Demo- 
 crat; reclecteil to the Thirty-ninth Congress. 
 
 Jones, Francis, of Winclu'slor. Tenn.; receive<I 
 11 litnitod filiiiation; ^'t^^li^■cl law ami pniclictil; 
 elected a Representative from Tennessee to the 
 Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Congresses. 
 
 Jones, Frank, was horn at Uarriiifrtnn, X. II.' 
 Sejitendier !•">, IS)-'; niovetl to rortsniouth in !S4!l; 
 merchant; niavorof I'lutsnioiith l.'^iS-d'.l; elected 
 a Representative from New Uanipshiri' U> the 
 Forty-fourth and Kurty-tiflh ('im^'i-esses as a Deiii- 
 ocral: interested in railroads; Ke]ml>lican I'resi- 
 dential elector in I'.W; died at rortsmo\itli, N. 11., 
 Octoter 2, 1902. 
 
 Jones, George, wa.« appointed a I'liited States 
 Senator fmni (ienrcia (viie.\. ISaldwin, ileceased), 
 servinir frnm October "Jti to l>ccendier !i, 1807. 
 
 Jones, George W., was born at Vincennes, 
 Ind., April 12, 1S04; <tradnated from the Tran- 
 sylvania liiiversity, Kentucky, in 1S2"); studied 
 law; admitted to the bar; clerk of- the I'nitcd 
 States courts in Missouri in 182t); moved to Wis- 
 consin Territory and located at Simsinawa M<nmd; 
 judge of the county court; elected a Oelegate from 
 Wisconsin Territory to the Twenty-fourth Con- 
 gress; received a certitiiate of election to the 
 Twenty-fifth Congress, Imt his seat was successfully 
 conte.sted by .Tames 1>. Poty, Whig: appointed 
 surveyor-general of the Northwest Territory liy 
 President Van Buren, removed by rresident Har- 
 rison, and reappointed by President J'olk; elected 
 a I'nitcd States Senator from Iowa, and reelected, 
 serving from December 2(), 1S4S, to March .S, l,S.'>;i; 
 minister resident to the I'nitcd Stjites of Colombia 
 18.59-18(51; returned to the I'nitcd States and Wiis 
 imprisone<l at Fort Warren for <lisloyalty; died in 
 1890. 
 
 Jones, George W., wsis born in Virginia, 
 March 15, bSfXi; moved to Fayelteville, Tenn.; re- 
 ceiveil a liberal education; ju.stice of the ])eace 
 1832-1835; served several years in both branches 
 of the legislature: .served as comity clerk: elected 
 a Representative from Tennessee to the Twenty- 
 eighth Congress as a Pemocrat; reclecteil to the 
 Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, Thirty-first, and Thirty- 
 second Congres.ses; elected to the Thirty-fourth 
 and Thirty-fifth Congresses; a Representative 
 from Tennessee to the First Confederate Congress; 
 a delegate to the State constitutional convention 
 in 1870. 
 
 Jones, George 'W., of Bastro]), Tex., was born 
 in Marion County, .Ua., September 5,1828; raised 
 in Tipton County, Tenn.; moved to liastroj), Tex., 
 in the winter of 1848; education limited; elected 
 district attorney in 18.5(>; when the war came on in 
 ISiil be strongly ojipo.seil secession, but ac(|uiesced 
 in revolution: enti'red the Confederate army as a 
 private; eleited lieiiteniuit-colonel and afterwards 
 promoted to the colonelcy of the Seventeenth 
 Texas Infantry; the war over, returned to his 
 home in BiLstrop County; member of the consti- 
 tutional convention of IHtiti from the county of 
 Bastrop, anil on the adoption of the constitution 
 made by said convention elected lieutenant-gov- 
 ernor of the State; removed bytieneral Sheridan 
 as "an im|«diment to reconstruct ion;" elected to 
 the Forty-sixth Congre.-s as a Democrat; reelected 
 to the Forty-.seveiitli Congress as a Greenbacker; 
 resumed the pnictice of law. 
 
 Jones, Isaac D., was a native of Maryland: 
 receiviil a good Knglish education and studied 
 
 law; admitte<l to the bar; practiced in Princess 
 Anne (^ounty; elected a Representative from 
 Maryland to the Twenty-seventh Congress as a 
 Whig; electeil attornev-general of ^larvland in 
 18(53. 
 
 Jones, James, was a native of Maryland; moved 
 totieorgia: received a limiteil education: studied 
 law; admitted to the bar; served several terms in 
 both branclus of the legislature; elected a Uepre- 
 seutative from ( ieorgia to the Sixth Congress; died 
 in Washington, 1). ('., .lanuary 13, 1801. 
 
 Jones, James, was liorn in Amelia County, 
 \'a., in 17<i9; received a limited ediu-ation; elected 
 a Ri'iircscntative from Virginia to the Sixteenth 
 and Seventeenth Congresses; dieil January 11, 
 1801. 
 
 Jones, James C, was born in Davidson 
 County, Tenn., April 20, 1809; attendeil the jiub- 
 lic schools; served in the State hi mse of representa- 
 tives in 18.39; governor of Tennessee 1841-1845; 
 Presidential elector on the Taylor ticket in 1848; 
 elected a I'nited iStates Senator from Tenne.s.see as 
 a Whig 1851-1857; died at Memphis, Tenn., Octo- 
 ber 29, 1859. 
 
 Jones, James H., of Henderson, Tex., was 
 born ill Slulby County, .\la., Septenitn^r 13, 18;50; 
 raised in Talladega County, .\la.; received an 
 academic education; studied law: admitted to the 
 bar in 1851, and comiiienceil practice at llender- 
 .son, Tex.; served in the Confederate service as 
 captain, lieutenant-colonel, and colonel of the 
 Kleventh Texas Infantry, and at tlie clo.«e of the 
 war was commanding the Third Brigade in Walker's 
 old division of the Trans-Mississi]>pi Military De- 
 partment; Presidential elector on the Hancock and 
 Knglish ticket in 1880; elected to the Forty-eighth 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the Forty- 
 ninth Congress. 
 
 Jones, James Kimbrough, of AVashinpton, 
 Hempstead County, Ark., was born in Marshall 
 County. Miss., Septemlier 29, 1,S39: received a 
 cla.ssical education: private soldier iluring the "late 
 unpleasantness" on the losing side; lived on his 
 plantation after the close of the war until 1873, 
 when he commenced the practice of law; elected 
 to the State senate of Arkansas in 1873; memljer 
 of the State senate when the constitutional con- 
 vention of 1874 was called: reelected under the 
 new government, and in 1877 elected president of 
 the senate; delegate to the Democratic national 
 convention in 189ii: chairman of the comiiiitt(>eon 
 resolutions in that convention and rciiorted the 
 platform: sub.seiiuently elected chainiian of the 
 Democratic national committee and conducted the 
 camiiaign; clelegate ti> the Democratic national 
 convention in Kansas City in 1900; chairman of 
 the committee im resolutions, and reported the 
 ]ilatform which was adopted by that convention; 
 again elected chairman of the Democratic national 
 committee; elected to the Forty-seventh ('ongrt\«s; 
 reelected to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth 
 Congre.s.ses ; elected to the I'nited States Senate to 
 •succeed James D. Walker, Democrat, and look his 
 seat March 4, 1885; nclectc^ in 1890 and 1.S97, 
 serving from March 4. 18,><5. until March 3, 1903. 
 
 Jones, James Taylor, of Deniopolis, Ala., was 
 Ixirn at l{icliniond,\'a.,in l.<32; moved to Marengo 
 County, ,\la.; received a cla.ssical education, gradu- 
 ating from I'rinceton College, in 1852, and from the 
 law sriiool of the I'niversity of Virginia in 1.S55; 
 admittid to the bar in ls5ii: iluring civil war pri- 
 vate and afterwards an olliccr in the Fourth .Ua- 
 bama Regiment; a delegate to the Alabama State 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 627 
 
 constitutional convention in 1865; State senator 
 1872-73; elected to the Forty-fifth Congress in 1876 
 and to the Forty-eighth Congress as a Democrat 
 in July, 1883, to succeed Thomas H. Herudon, de- 
 ceased; reelected to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth 
 Congresses. 
 
 Jones, John Glancy, was born in Pennsylva- 
 nia October 7, 1811; received a classical education; 
 studieti theology and law; admitteil to the liar; 
 practiced at Reading, Pa. ; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-second Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; reelected to the Thirty- 
 third Congress, vice H. A. Muhlenberg, deceased; 
 reelected to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth 
 Congresses, resigning October 30, 1858; minister 
 to Austria 1858-1861; died at Reading, Pa., March 
 24, 1877. 
 
 Jones, John J., was born in Burke County, 
 Ga., Novemljer 13, 1824; graduated from Emory 
 College; studied law; admitted to the bar in 1848; 
 elected a RepresentativefromGeorgiatothe Thirty- 
 sixth Congress as a Democrat, serving from De- 
 cember 5, 1859, to January 23, 1861. 
 
 Jones, John Percival, of Gold Hill, Nev., was 
 born in Ilerefonlshire, England, in 1829, and came 
 \yith his parents to this country when he was less 
 than a year old, settling in tlie northern part of 
 Ohio; attended public school in Cleveland; in the 
 early part of the California e.xcitement went to 
 that State and engaged in mining in one of the 
 inland counties; subsequently a member of the 
 State senate; went to Nevada in 1867, engaged in 
 the development of the mineral resources of that 
 State; elected to the United States Senate as a 
 Repulilican to succeed J. \V. Nye, Republican; 
 took his seat !N[arch 4, 1873, and reelected in 1879, 
 1885, 1890, and 1897, serving from March 4, 1873, 
 to March 3, 1903. 
 
 Jones, John S. , was born in Champaign County, 
 Ohio, Feliruary 12, 1836; received a scientific edu- 
 cation and graduated from the Ohin Weslevan 
 University in 1855; studied law; admitted to the 
 bar 1857; elected prosecuting attorney for Dela- 
 ware County 1860; served as first lieutenant and 
 captain in the Union forces 1861-1864; reenlisted 
 to connnand the One hundred and seventy-fourth 
 Ohio Infantry in September, 1864; mustered out 
 July 7. 1865; resumed the practice of law) mayor of 
 Delaware in 18(j6; again elected prosecuting attor- 
 ney for Delaware County 186(3-1872; Presidential 
 elector on the Republican ticket in 1872; elected 
 a Representative from Ohio to the Forty-fifth Con- 
 gress as a Republican. 
 
 Jones, John W., was born in Montgomerv 
 County, :\Id., Ajiril 14, 1806; moved with his 
 parents to Kentucky; received a liberal education; 
 studied medicine; received the degree of doctor (jf 
 medicine from Jefferson College; moved to Griflin, 
 Ga. ; elected a Representative from Georgia to the 
 Thirteenth Congress as a Whig; moved to Ala- 
 bama; returned to Georgia, where he was ap- 
 pointed a professor in the State ^ledical College. 
 
 Jones, John Winston, was born at Chester- 
 field, Va., Novendier 22, 1791; graduated from 
 William and Mary College in 1803; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Virginia to the Twenty-fourth 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the Twenty- 
 fifth, Twenty-sixth, Twenty -seventh, and Twenty- 
 eighth Congresses; declined a reelection; Speaker 
 of the House in the Twentv-eighth Congress; died 
 January 29, 1848. 
 
 Jones, Joseph, was horn in Virginia in 1727; 
 represented that State in tlie Continental Congress 
 1777-78 and 1780-1783; died in Virginia October 
 28, 1805. 
 
 Jones, Morgan, was born in New York, Feb- 
 ruary 26, 1832; received a liberal educatiun; mem- 
 ber of the city council 1858-1862; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New York to the Thirty-ninth 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Jones, Nathaniel, was a native of Orange 
 County, N. Y.; received a limited education; 
 served in the State house of representatives 
 1827-28; elected a Representative from New York 
 to tlie Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat; re- 
 eleted to the Twenty-sixth Congress; State canal 
 
 I commissioner 1844-1847; State senator 1852-53; 
 
 1 died at Newburgh, N. Y., July 21, 1866. 
 
 Jones, Noble Wimberly, was born near Lon- 
 don, Knglanil,in 1724; came with his parents to the 
 United States and loaited at Savannah, Ga., where 
 he studied medicine and practiced 1748-1756; 
 member of the colonial assembly and of the State 
 house of representatives; Delegate from (Tcorgia 
 to the Continental Congress 1775-76; ca])tured"at 
 the fall of Charleston in 1780 and imprisoned at 
 St. Augustine; exchanged in 1781 ; again a Delegate 
 to the Continental Congress 1781-1783; president 
 of the State constitutional convention in 1795; died 
 at Savannah, Ga., January 9, 1805. 
 
 Jones, Owen, was a native of Pennsylvania; 
 received a classical education; studied law; admit- 
 ted to the bar; began practice at Philadelphia; 
 elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat ; defeated for 
 reelection; died in December, 1878. 
 
 Jones, Phineas, of Newark, N. J., was liorn at 
 Spencer, Worcester County, jSIass., 1819; received 
 a common school and academic education; moved 
 in 1855 to Elizabethport, N. J.; two years a mem- 
 ber of the city council of Elizabethport; moved to 
 Newark in 1860; engaged in manufacturing, and 
 mercantile houses; vice-president of tlie New Jer- 
 sey State Agricultural Society; member of the State 
 legislature 1874-75; elected" to the Forty-seventh 
 Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Jones, Roland, was a native of North Carolina; 
 moved to Shreveport, La.; elected a Representa- 
 tive from I^ouisiana to the Thirty-third Congress 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Jones, Seaborn, was born at Augusta, Ga., in 
 1788; graduated from Princeton College; studied 
 law, and liy a special act of the legislature admitted 
 to the bar in 1808; began practice at Columbus; 
 solicitor-general of Georgia in 1823; elected aRep- 
 resentative from Georgia to the Twenty-third 
 Congress as a Democrat; elected to the Twenty- 
 ninth Congress; died at Columbus, Ga., in 1874. 
 
 Jones, Thomas Laurens, was born in Ruther- 
 ford County, N. C., January 22, 1819; graduated 
 from Princeton College; received the degree of 
 bachelor of laws from Harvard University; ad- 
 mitted to the bar at Charleston, S. C, 1846; "began 
 practice in New York City in 1847; moved to 
 Newport, Ky. ; member of the general assembly 
 1853-54; elected a Representative fi'om Kentucky 
 to the Fortieth Congress as a Democrat; reelecteil 
 to the Forty-first and Forty-fourth Congresses. 
 
 Jones, Walter, was born in Vii-ginia in 1745; 
 graduated from William and 'SUuy College in 1760; 
 studied medicine at Edinburgh, Scotland, and re- 
 
628 
 
 CON(HiKSSl(iN.\l, 1>1KK( ToKV 
 
 ceivod the dopree of dootqr of medicine; returned 
 to Virv'ininiuid litcuted in Nortluunln'rliinil t'nunty; 
 l>liy!<i<'ian-t:i'iu'r;d ni llif iiiidilli' niiiitury ilc|iiirt- 
 MK'iit; fli'itoil a Kcpri'Sfiilativc from Virginia ti> 
 llu' Kil'tli t'onnivss as a Itfinocrat; I'liH'tfd to the 
 Kinlilh, Nintli, Tenth, and Kleventh Coiiiirosses ; 
 diiil in Westmoreland Countv, Va., JKrend)erSl, 
 1815. 
 
 Jones, Wesley L., of North Yakima, was Inirn 
 mar Bi'lliany. 111., Octolicr !•. lS(>:i; j;'"daatiMl 
 from .'^outlicrn Ilhnois ('ollefie at Kiifit-ltl; lawyer; 
 elei-teil to the Kilty-sixth, Kifty-sevcnth, and Fil'ty- 
 cightli ("on;.'res<e-" as a Ucpiihlican. 
 
 Joues. William, washornat I'hiladelphia, Pa., 
 in ITiiO; received a liberal edneation; served in 
 the Revolutionary war; eritereil the Continental 
 Naval service; moved to Charleston, .*>. I'.; re- 
 tnrned to Pennsylvania; electeil a Representative 
 from that State" to the Seventh Coiifiress as a 
 Itemocnit; Secretary of the Navy January TJ, 
 lSl:{-l)ecendier 7, I'.SH; collector' of customs at 
 Philailelphia; ditnl at Bethlehem, Pa., September 
 5, 1.S.S1. 
 
 Jones, William Atkinson, of Warsaw, \'a., 
 was horn there March L'l, 1S49; in the winter of 
 18iv4-t>.'> entered the Vir>;inia Military Institute, 
 where he remained until the evacuation of Hich- 
 mond ; studieii at ("'jJeman's school in Fred- 
 erickslmr;;; entered flie University of \"irginia; 
 Sradnated with the dejiree ivf 15. L. in 1.H70; 
 admittitl to the bar in .hdy, 1870, and to practice | 
 law; dele);ate t^v tlic national Democratii' conven- 
 tions in ISSO, ISiM), and U«Kt ; elcct«'d to the 
 Fiftv-seconil, Fifty-third, Fifty-fotirth, Fifty-lifth, 
 Fifty-sixlh. Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Con- | 
 gresscs as a Democrat. 
 
 Jones, William Carey, of Spokane. Wash., 
 wa.s horn.Vpril "i, IS.")."!, at Kemsen,* )neida County. 
 N. Y.; educated chiefly at high school and semi- 
 nary at West Salem, Wis., and rniversily of Wis- 
 consin, at Madison; admitted to the bar at Medalia, 
 Minn., in 1S7(>; iK-sides holding the ollicc I'f city 
 attorney several terms, twice elected district 
 attornev for the twelfth district of the Territory of 
 Washiiigton, in ISSti ami IS.S.S; electeil attorney- 
 general of the State of Washington upon the ad- 
 mission of the State into the rnioi\ in l.S,S<l, and 
 again in 1S!I2; electol to the Fifty-fifth Congre.*s 
 as a Free Silver Kepublican. 
 
 Jones, William T., waslHirnatCorydon, Ind., 
 Fehrnarv L'O, 1S42; receivinl a liberal education; 
 stuilied law ; served in the I'nion .\rmy as major 
 of the Seventeenth Iniliana Volunteers; Presiden- 
 tial elector in l.'^tJ.S; appointed associate justice of 
 the supreme court I'f Wyoming in lS(>il; elected a 
 Delegate from Wyoming to the Forty-second Con- 
 gre.«.s as a Kepublican. 
 
 Jones, Willie, was born in Halifax County, N. 
 C, in 17:!1; rtveived a lilK-ral education; member 
 of the lirst constitutional convention in 177t); mem- 
 l>er of the house of I'ommons of North Carolina 
 177t>-177S; Delegate to the Continental Congress 
 1780-Sl; electe<l to the I'nited Stat<-s constitu- 
 tional convi-ntion in 17S7. but declined; uiemlH>r 
 of the State constitutional convention calleil to 
 ratify the Constitution of the United States .Inly 
 21, nsH; dieil near Haleigh, N. C, in ISOl. 
 
 Jordan, Isaac M., was born in Union County. 
 Pa.. May .">, l.'<;!.'i; educated at a i)n'l>;ir.itory schix>l 
 in NortlnMMid, t >hio; completed his education and 
 grailuateil from Miami University, Oxford, Ohio. 
 Julv, lSo7; studied law; athuitted to the bar in 
 
 May, 18.58; electe<l to the Forty-eighth Congress 
 as a Democrat; declined renomination; died De- 
 cend)er :i, 18!«). 
 
 Jorgensen, Joseph, of Petersburg, Va., was 
 born at Philadelphia, Pa.. February II, 1844; 
 
 fradiialcil from the lueiliial department of the 
 'iiiversitv of Pemisylvania; a.ssistant snrgi-on, 
 U. S. Arii^iy, 1S(M-I8li,8; elei-ted to the legislature 
 of Virgiiua from Prince F.ilward County in Novem- 
 iK-r, 1.S71; api>ointed postma-iter of Petersliurg; 
 elected to the Fortv-tifth and Forty-sixth Con- 
 gresses as a Kepubln'an; reelecteil to the Forty- 
 seventh Congress. 
 
 Joseph, Antonio, of Ojo Calieute, X. ^fex., 
 w;vs born at Taos, N. Mex., August 25, 184(); re- 
 ceived his early education at Lux's Academy in 
 Taos; attended l{isho|i Lammy's school in Santa 
 Fe, N. Mex., for two years; atlendeil Webster 
 College, in St. Louis County, Mo., for four years, 
 completing a connnercial course at Pryaut iS: .Strat- 
 ton's Commercial College, St. Louis, Slo. ; engiigeil 
 in mercantile ]iursuits; comity judge of Taos 
 County, N. Mex.: member of tlie Territorial legis- 
 lature; serveil one term in the Territorial senate, 
 and was elected pR-sident of that body; electeil to 
 the Forty-ninth Congress as a Democrat; reelecfe<l 
 to the Fiftieth. Fil'ty-lirst, Fifty-second, and Fifty- 
 third Congresses. 
 
 Joy, Charles Frederick, of St. Ixjuis, Mo., was 
 born in Morgan County, 111., Det^emlx-r 11, 1849; 
 receiveil his early I'ducation in the .schools of that 
 county; in 1S70 entered the academic department 
 of Yale College, from which he graduated with 
 the degree of bachelor of arts .lune 2.i, 1S74; en- 
 gaged in the practice of law in St. Louis in .Sep- 
 tember, 187i>; electeil to the Fifty-third, Fifty- 
 fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and" Fifty-seventh 
 Coiigres.ses as a Ui-pul)lii-an, and at the end of ten 
 years' .service returned to the practice of law at St. 
 Louis. 
 
 Joyce, Charles H. , of Kutland, Vt., was Imrn 
 near Amlover, I'.ngland. ,lanuarv SO, 1S:50; edu- 
 cated at Waitslicld Ai'ademy and Newbury Semi- 
 nary; stnrlied law ; admitted to the liar; two years 
 Stale librarian; two years district attorney for 
 Washington County; serveil in the Uinou Army 
 as major and lieutenant-colonel of the Pi-cond 
 Vermont Volunteers; mend ler of the State house of 
 representatives in l.stiit, 1870, and 1871; s|ieaker 
 of the house in 1870 and 1871; elected to the 
 Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty- 
 seventh Congre.s.ses as a Kepublican; after the ex- 
 piration of his term in Congress resumed the prac- 
 tice of his profession. 
 
 Judd, Norman B.. was born at Komc, N. Y.. 
 Jaiuiary 10, 18iri; received a lilieral edneation; 
 studieir law; adinitteil to the bar; moved to Chi- 
 cago in ls:)(i: served sixtit-n years in the Illiiiois 
 State si-natc; minister iilenipotentiarv to Prussia 
 18t)l-l8i>-i; elected a Ke|iiv.sentative from Illinois 
 to the Fortieth Congri-s,s as a Kepublican; ii'ele<-teil 
 to the Forty-lirst Congress; collector at the jMirt 
 of Chicago miller Pi-esident tirant: dieilat Chicago, 
 III., NovemU-r 10, 1S78. 
 
 Judson. Andrew T., was Imru at FJi.stford. 
 Conn., NovemU'r 2ii, 17S4; received a liiniteil edu- 
 cation; studieii law; adinitteil to the Ixir in 180»>; 
 move<l to Moutiielier. Vt., when' he Innriin prac- 
 tice; returned to Connecticut and settled at Can- 
 terbury in 1.809; Stale attorney for Windham 
 County ISUl-ls:W; scrveii several years in the 
 State legislature; cli-cted a Kepreseiitative from 
 Connecticut to the Twenty-fourth Coiign-sw as a 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 629 
 
 Democrat, serviiiij from December 7, 183o, to July 
 1, 1837, when he resigned to liecome Unitetl States 
 judge for the district of Connecticut, which posi- 
 tion he lield mitil hisdcatli, at t'anterlimrv. Conn.. 
 March 17, 18.i.3. 
 
 Julian, George W., was liorn near Centervillc, 
 Ind., ilay 5, ]S17; received a common scliool edu- 
 cation; studie<l law: practiced; memljer of the 
 State legislature in 1845; candidate on the Free 
 Soil ticket in 1852; delegate to the national Kopub- 
 lican convention at Pittsburg in 18oG; elected a 
 Representative from Indiana to the Thirty-tirst 
 Congress as a Repviblican; elected to the Thirty- 
 seventh, Thirty-eiglitli, Tliirty-ninth, Fortieth. 
 and Forty-first'Congresses; diexl in 1899. 
 
 Junkin, Benjamin F., was born in Cumber- 
 land County, Pa., November 12, 1822; graduated 
 from Fayette College; studied law; admitted to 
 the bar in 1844; Ijegan practice at Bloomfield; dis- 
 trict attorney for Perry County 1850-1853; elected 
 a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty- 
 sixth Congress as a Reiniblican; defeated for re- 
 election. 
 
 Kahn, Julius, of San Francisco, Cal., was born 
 February 28, 1861 : moved with his parents to Cali- 
 fornia in 18(if); educated in the conmion schools of 
 San Francisco, having been a member of the class 
 of 1878 of the Boy's High School; entered the 
 theatrical profession, which lie followed for ten 
 years, playing with Edwin Booth, .loseph Jeffer- 
 son, Tomaso Salvini, 'Sir. ami Mrs. \V. J. Florence, 
 Clara Morris, and other well-known "stars;" re- 
 turned to San Francisco and began studying law 
 in 1890; elected to the legislature of the State of 
 California in 1892; secretary of the finance com- 
 mittee of the California Midwinter International 
 Exhibition in July, 1893; admitted to tlie bar of 
 the supreme court of California in January, 1894; 
 elected to the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh Con- 
 gresses as a Republican; defeated for tlie Fifty- 
 eighth Congress. 
 
 Kalbfleisch, Martin, was Ijoru at Flushing, 
 Holland, Feliruary 8, 1804; attended the public 
 schools ; studied chemistry ; emigrated to Xew York 
 City; health warden in 1832, and scliool trustee in 
 1836; supervisor of Brunswick 1852-1854; alder- 
 man in Brooklyn 185.5-1,861; mayor 1861-62 and 
 1867-68; elected a Representative from New York 
 to the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat; dele- 
 gate to the national Union convention of 1866; died 
 at Brooklyn, X. Y., February 12, 187.3. 
 
 Kane, Elias K. , wa* born in Xew' Y'ork City, 
 June 7, 1796; attended the public schools; studied 
 law and admitted to the bar; commenced prac- 
 tice at Nashville, Tenn. ; moved to Kaskaskia, 111. ; 
 delegate to theStateconstitutioiial convention; first 
 secretary of state of Illinois; State representative; 
 twice elected a United States Senator from Illinois 
 as a .lackson Democrat, serving from 1825 until his 
 death, at Washington, D. C, December 11, 1835. 
 
 Kasson, John A., of Des Moines, Iowa, was 
 born near Burlington, Tt., January 11, 1822; 
 graduated from the Univereity of Vermont in 1842; 
 engaged in the practice of law until 1861 ; delegate 
 to the Republican convention in l.'^6fl; First .\ssist- 
 ant Postmaster-CTeneral in Presiilent Lincoln's 
 Administration in 1861, and resigned in 1,862 to 
 accept a candidacy for Congress; United States 
 Commissioner to the International Postal Congress 
 at Paris in 1863; elected a Ue]iresentative from 
 Iowa to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth Con- 
 gresses; commissioner from the Unitetl States in 
 
 1867 to negotiate postal conventions with Great 
 Britain, France, Belgium, Holland, Germany, 
 Switzerland, and Italy; member of tlie twelfth, 
 thirteenth, and fourteenth general assemblies oi 
 the State of Iowa 1.868-1872; elected to the Forty- 
 third and Forty-fourth Congresses; envov and 
 minister of the United States to Austria-Hungary 
 1877-1881; elected to the Forty-seventh and Forty- 
 eighth Congresses as a Republican; minister to 
 Germany 1884-85; envoy to the Samoan interna- 
 tional conference 1893; United States special com- 
 missioner plenipotentiary to negotiate recii)rocity 
 treaties in 1897; member of the United States and 
 British joint high commission which met in Que- 
 bec in 1898 to adjust Canadian questions. 
 
 Kaufman, David S., was born at Boiling 
 Springs, Pa., December 18, 1813; received a clas- 
 sical eilucation; graduated from Princeton College 
 ill 1833; studied law at Natchez, Miss., and ad- 
 mitted to the bar; commenced practice at Natchi- 
 toches, La.; moved to Nacogdoches, Tex., in 1837; 
 served against the Indians; Texas representative 
 1839-1843 and senator 1843-1845; appointed chargg 
 d'affaii-es of Texas to the United States; elected a 
 Representative from Texas to the Twenty-ninth, 
 Thirtieth, and Thirty-first Congresses, serving 
 until his death, at Washington, D. C, January 31, 
 1851. 
 
 Kavanag-h, Edward, STns b<»fn at Newcastle, 
 Me., April 27, 1795; received an academic educa- 
 tion; studied law and admitted to the bar; com- 
 menced practice at Damariscotta, ]\Ie.; State rep- 
 resentative 1826 and 1828; secretary of the State 
 j senate in 1830; elected a Representative from 
 Maine to the Twenty-second and Twenty-third 
 Congresses as a Jackson Democrat, being defeated 
 for the Twenty-fourth Congress; charge d'affaires 
 to Portugal 183.5-1841; oneof the jointcommission 
 on the Northeastern boundary in 1842; acting 
 governor of INIaine 1843— 14; diedat Newcastle, Me., 
 January 21, 1.844. 
 
 Kean, John, was born in South Carolina about 
 1756; Delegate to the Continental Congress from 
 South Carolina 178.5-1787; died at Philadelphia, 
 Pa., in May, 1795. 
 
 Kean, John, of Elizabeth, N. J., was born at 
 Ursino, near Elizabeth, N. J., Decemlier 4, 1852; 
 admitted to the New Jersey bar in 1877: engaged 
 in banking and other business; electdl to the 
 j Forty-eighth Congress as a Republican: d(>feated 
 for the Forty-ninth, and electe<l to tlie Fiftieth 
 Congress; elected to the United States Senate Jan- 
 uary 25, 1899, to succeed James Smith, jr.. Demo- 
 crat, for the term 1899-1905. 
 
 Kearney, Dyre, was a Delegate to the Conti- 
 nental Congress from Delaware 1786-1788. 
 
 Kearns, Thomas, of Salt Lake City, L'tah, was 
 born near Woodstock, Ontario, April 11, 1862; 
 attended public schools; moved with his [larent-s 
 to Holt County, Nebr. ; worked on his father's 
 farm; took up the business of freighter: on attain- 
 ing his majority moved to Salt Lake City and 
 afterwards to Park City; employed as a miner 
 in the C>ntario mines; became one of the tiwners 
 of the ^Mayflower and .'-silver King mines; member 
 of the city council of Park City in 1,895, and of the 
 constitutional convention of the same vear; dele- 
 gate to the national Repulilican convention in 
 1896; delegate to the Philadelphia convention in 
 1900; elected to the United States Senate as a 
 Republican in 1901, taking his seat February 4, 
 succeeding Hon. Frank J. Cannon. 
 
6SU 
 
 Cl»NUKKSS10H AL DUUX'TUK Y . 
 
 Keese, Richard, was lioni iil I'oni, N. Y., 
 
 Novi'IiiIht.:!, 171M; atlctnlcil tlir ruiiiiiKiii hcIiohIh; 
 fdUn.liT of Kcfci'villc; cIimIcI a Urpifwiitativv 
 fniiii .New York to llii' Twciiticlli Coiijirctfti ax a 
 JuckHuii Di'inocrat. 
 
 Kehoe, James N., waH Imrn nt Maysvillr, Ky., 
 July l.'i, ISO'.'; I'lliuatrcl in |iiil)lic arnl |iiivalf 
 mliluils of his native citv; Uariu>l the |iriiiliiiK' 
 Inidf ami ciipiKi'"! in tiial lainincsH until 1HS4, 
 wlu'U he enniineneecl the hliidy of law at Louis- 
 ville, Kv.; ailniittccl to praetiee Noveniher 1, l.SJ<«, 
 ami i'nKa>.'e<l in the inwtiee of bin profeM.-ion; 
 serveil as |iieeinrt, eniuity, an<l dihtriet eliairnian 
 of tlie Dernoeratie executive I'lirnniillee; eitv at- 
 torney of MavHville; master in chaneerv ol the 
 Masoii Coinilv cireuit lourl; eleiteil to the Kifty- 
 iH'ventli ami iMfty-eighlli C'onnres-sesasa Oeuioerat. 
 
 Kehr, Edward C, waM horn at St. I^ouis, Mo., 
 Noveniher T), KS.'iT: reeeiveil an aeaileniic eiluea- 
 tion; studied law and adiiiilted to the bar Keliru- 
 ary IH, IS'iS; eoninieneed praetiee at SI. I.ouis; 
 elected a Kepresentative from Missouri to the 
 Korty-fourtli Congress asa Democrat; defeated for 
 the i-'orty-lifth t'on^rress. 
 
 Keifer, Joseph Warren, of Sprin(.'lield, tlhio, 
 was luirn in I'mIIicI Tow riship. Clark County, (thio, 
 .Jamiary :ill, ISiJti; reaicd on a farm; eilucaled in 
 eonuMoii schools and at .Vntioch College; com- 
 menced the ntudy of law at Sprinulield in 1H.")(); 
 ailmitled to practice .lanuary 11.', l.sr)8, and prac- 
 ticed his iirofcssioii; volunteered in the I nion 
 Army .\prd Hi, ISdl; commissioniMl major of the 
 ThinI tthio Volunteer Infantry April L'7. l.'^dl; 
 promoted lieulcnaiit-coloncl of the same ict;iment 
 l'"el>iuai\ \~. isii'-'; appoiuleil colonel of the One 
 humlred ami teulli Ohio Volunlei r Infantry Sep- 
 temlier :iO, ISI!!.'; severely wounded at Ihchattleof 
 the Wilderness May 5, 1S()4; appointed hrijiadicr- 
 jp-neral liy lirevet Novcndier W, lSli4; assivrucil to 
 duty I ly President Lincoln as hriKadier-jieneral 
 l»ecendier L'!', 1S(14; appointeil .Inly 1, lS(>."i, major- 
 general l>y lirevel; mustereil out of si'rvice .luiie 
 27. ISil."!; resumed practice of law at Sprintrlield, 
 Ohio, in .lulv, IS(i."i; appointed liculeiianl-coloncl i 
 of tlu' 'I'weiiiy-sixth I'. S. Infantry Novcmher MO, 
 l,S(itt, liul ileclined; nuMuher of the Ohio Slate 
 senate ISIiH-liil; eonunander of the Pepartmcnt 
 of Ohio, <; rand Army of llu> Uepuhlic, ISil.S-|.s70, 
 and elected vice-commander in cliief of thai orjiaii- 
 i/.ntion Mays, 1«7L'; trustee of the Ohio Soldiers 
 and Sailors Orphans' Home April Hi, IS70, to 
 March .'>, 1S7S, wlu'U he rcsi^rned; trustee of .Vn- 
 tioch College; dchyate to (he national UipuMiiiiu 
 convention at Cincinnati in .lune, lS7li; eleclcil a 
 Ucprescnlalive from ( thio to the Korty-lifth, l''ortv- 
 sixlh, and Korty-si'vcnlh Conf{res.ses as a Repnli- 
 licuu; electeil Speaker of the Forly-sevi'Mth Con- 
 gress DecemluT .'), IHSl; reoleeled to the I'orly- 
 ei);hth ('onnre.sn; M-rveil asa major-ireueral in thi' 
 Spanish-. \inerican war. 
 
 Koightlcy, Edwin Williain, was I mm at \'an 
 liuren, l,:ij,'iant.M' Couulv, Ind., .\uj;nst 7, 1S4:!; 
 attended the comiuou scliools and N'aljiai'aiso Col- 
 hyiale Inslilute; graduated from the I nivei-silvof 
 Mii'hiuan in l,SH.">; commencccl the |)ra< tice of law 
 in St. .losephs County. .Mich : county pidsii-utiTii; 
 attorney IsT.'t 71; appointeil and elected judjie 'if 
 the (ifleenlh jmlicial < ircuit of Michi^'an in l.^7li; 
 «'Iecleil a Uepreseutalive from Michij;an to the 
 Forty-lifth ContrnvH as a IU-|iiil)lican. 
 
 Koim, QeorfreMoy, was lioni at Headinj;, I'a., 
 March '.'.t, ISii.'i; iiMi'ivi'd a classical education; 
 utteiidud I'riiicelou College; atudicd law ami ailniit- 
 
 ted to the har in lK2t'>; commenced praotii'e at 
 KeadiiiK; major-general of ndlitia; delepite to the 
 Stale constitutional convention in 1.S.17; elected a 
 l{cpresenlJiti\e from rennHylvania to the Twentv- 
 liftli ConjtresH an a democrat, vice Henry .\. Muli- 
 leiiheni, resinned; reelected to the Tweiily-sixth 
 an<l 'i'weutv-seventh Connresses, servinn from 
 March 17, \k\H to I.HI.'t; appoinle.1 in IS4.! Cniled 
 Slates nairshal for the eastern district of Tennsyl- 
 vaiiia ami reappoinled l.y l'n>sidenl I'olk; defealeil 
 asa I'residiMitial elector on the Democratic ticket 
 in IsiKl; active in raisinj: men forthe Union Army; 
 died at Kea.linj;, I'a., .lune Id, IHIil. 
 
 Keini, William Hi^b, was horn near Ueadint;, 
 I'a., .lune L'.'i, ISi:!; atlendeil Mount Airy Militarv 
 school; major-;.'eneral of mililia; mayor of Uead- 
 inn in 1.'<4H; I'lcileil a Uepre.senlativi- from I'enn- 
 sylvunia to the Thirty-lifth CoiiifreKs as a Peuio- 
 crat (vice .1. Clancy Jones, ivsigned), nerviu); 
 from Pcceinher 7, \Sn>< to IH.")!!; HUrveyor-jreneral 
 of I'ennsylvauia; served in the t'nion ,\rmy as 
 liripidier-fieneral of Volunleei-s; ilied at Harris- 
 hurn, ]>a.. May l.s, IHti2. 
 
 Keitt, Lawrence M., was horn in Oranvtehur^' 
 I'ialrict, S. C., October 4, I.SL'-I; pursued cla.ssical 
 Hludies; (.rraduated from the South Carolina C'ol- 
 lejie in l.si:!; studied law; admitted to the har in 
 IHI.'i, and lie;;an practice at Oranvtchuiv; eU-clcd 
 a l{e|ireseutalive from South Carolina to the 
 Thirlv-lhird Conj;ress as a Stale Kijthls Demo- 
 cral; "reelected to the 'rhirty-fi>nrlh, Thirly-liflh, 
 I and Thirty-sixth Congresses, serviuj; until Deceiu- 
 her, l.'<i>0. when he withdrew, having lieen elected a 
 ilele^iatelo theseiessioii con vein ion of South Caro- 
 lina; memU'r of the provisional conjiress of the 
 Coufederale States at Mont'.'oiucry in Kehruary, 
 
 ISlil.and in Kichmond in July, IKOl; serveil as 
 colonel in the Confederate service; died June 4, 
 
 lSt)4, at Richmond, \a. 
 
 Kelley, Harrison, of Iturlinnton, Kans., was 
 horn in Mout^romery Townshi]i, Wood County, 
 (thio, May I'J, l.s.'iti; raised on a farm and received 
 a conunou school eilucatiou; moved to Kansas in 
 March, IS.'iS; enlisted in the I''iflh Kansas Cavalry 
 and scrvcil throuiih all grades to captain; I'aptaiu 
 of Company H, Fifth Cavalry, for over two years; 
 returned to his claim in hSd.'S; st'rveil one term 
 ill the State lioiis.' of representatives; apj>ointe<l 
 lirinadier-jrcnenil of Kansas .'state militia in l.S(>.'); 
 appointeil director of I he Slate penitentiary in ISliS, 
 and served live years; rcci-ivcr of Cnilcd Slates 
 land olliceal Topeka; assistant assc.s.sor of internal 
 reveuue: chairman of live slock sanitary com- 
 mission of the .'^late; treasurer of ."slate lioard of 
 charities; elecled lo the Kiftyllrst Connrt'.-s lus a 
 Uetiulilican to lill the vacancy occasioned liy the 
 resiKiiatiou of Hon. Thomas Kyan; died at Itiir- 
 liutttoii, Kans., .luly ■-'4, lSit7. 
 
 Kelley, John Edward, of I'lamlreau, S, Dak., 
 was lioru March '-'7. l,**-"!!!, ill Columliia Couiily, 
 Wis,; educated in the puhlic schools of that Slate; 
 clo.sestudent, especially upon literary topics; moved 
 lo Dakola in 1S7,S; eni:a;rcd in the newspaper liusi- 
 iiess; in I.SIK) elected to the le>;islature; in lH!t2 
 nominated hy the IV.opl<.'s Party for Coii^tress, and 
 anain in l.H't-i, hut defentisl; elected to tiie Kifty- 
 liflh Congress. 
 
 Kelley, William D., was l>om at PhilHilelphiii 
 April 12, 1.HI4; received a ihoiounli Iji^Iisli edu- 
 cation; reader in a priutinj; ollici., and afterwards 
 an apprentice in a jewelry eslahlishmenl; nioviil 
 t.i lloslon, Hherche worked live years as journey- 
 man jeweler; returned lo PhilaiUlphia, where he 
 
BIOOBAPHIKS. 
 
 (l.'U 
 
 filuilir.l :ii»l |iinc'li('('il l:l\v; I wice pniWMMllillfj allnr- 
 iii'v fcirllu' I'lly ami I'lmiily iif riiilaili'lphia.ainl tor 
 ten years jiuljjc of (lu> court of (■oniiiioii plcan for 
 IMiilail('l|iliia; (U'li'Kalt^ to tlio national Kciaililicaii 
 convonlion in IHtlO; cli'rli'il to tlio Tliirly-si'vi'iilli, 
 Tliirly-i'iuhtJi, Tliirty-ninth, [''ortictii, l''orty-lirsl, 
 Forty-socond, Korty-lliinl, Forty-fonrtli, Korty- 
 (iftli, Korty-t<ixtli, Korly-Mevi'Uth, I'"orty-i'iglitli, 
 Forty-niiitli, Fiftiotli, anil Mfty-first CoujircsHOHaH 
 a Ut'pnlilican, wrviiii; until liis doatli, at \Va^'ll- 
 intrloM, 1). ('., .lanuary 11, ISilO. 
 
 Kellogg', Charles, wuHjinativr of liniokshire 
 County, Mass.; altoniloil thi' couuiiori wIiooIm; 
 luovod to t'avuga County, >i.-V.; Stato rcprcHcnla- 
 tivy ISOM-lsio and ISfO-lHL'L'; cli'i'tcd a Hepri-- 
 TOiitativc from Nmv York to the Ninctwnth Con- 
 groNS. 
 
 Kellogg, Francis W., was liorn al Woiiliini;- 
 ton, Mass., IMay .'iO, ISIO; attended tlie eonnnon 
 wIiooIm; moved to (irand Rapids, I\Iieh., and en- 
 gaged in tlie lundier linsiness; State representative 
 iHSG-")?; elected a"lvepresentalive from Mieliiiran 
 to the Thirly-sixlli, Tliirty-sevenlli, and Tliirly- 
 cighth ( 'oniiresses as a Kepniiliean; a]ipointiMl liy 
 President, .lohnsou colloetorof infernal revenue for 
 the southern district of Alabama; moved to Mobile, 
 Ala.; elected a Kepresentative from .Mabania to 
 the I'^ortieth Congress as a Republican, serving 
 from .luly L'L', l.StlS to IHO!); ilied at Alliance, ( tliio. 
 in November. bSTS. 
 
 Kollogg, Orlando, was born at Klizabethtow n, 
 N. v., June IS, IKDll; attemled an academy; stiidiecl 
 law, and admitted to (he bar in 1S:!,H; commenced 
 pr.actice at bis home town; surrogate of Mssex 
 ("onnty l'H4l) 1.S4-I; elecli'd a. Kepresenlative from 
 New S'ork to the Thirtieth, Thirty-eighth, and 
 Thirty-ninth Congres.ses as a Kepublicaii, .serving 
 imtil his death, at lOli/.alKithtown, N. Y., August 
 ■J4, IHil.^. 
 
 Kellogg, Stephen W., was liorn at Sbelburne, 
 Mass., April .5, IHL'L'; gradnat<'d from Yalo ('ollego 
 in 1H4(I; studied law and admitted to the liar; coni- 
 menci'd jiracticeat W'aterbury, Conn.; clerk of .the 
 (State senate in IH.'jl; senator in IS.'iM; Stab- rep- 
 resentative in 1851); judge of the local courts 
 l.srvt-IWiO; delegate hi the national licpidiliean 
 conveidions of IHCiOand bSlW; electeil a Kcpresenl- 
 ativefrom Connecticut to the l''orty-(irst and h'orty- 
 second Congres.ses as a. Kejinblican; defeated for 
 th(^ I'"orly-fourtb and l''orty-lifth (/ongresses. 
 
 Kellogg, William, was born in Ashtabula 
 County, Ohio, .Inly H, ISI-I; attended the public 
 schools; studi<'d law and admitted to the bar; 
 conunenced jiractice at Canton; Static reprcsenta- 
 ti\c in IS.|<) and i.S."iO; judge of the StatiM'ircuit 
 court l,S:VJ-IS.').'); elect<'d a l!e)iresenlative from 
 Ohio to the Thirty-lifth, Thirty-sixth, and Thirty- 
 seventh Congresses as a liepublican; appoijited 
 minister resident totinatcmala, April L'l, bSCI, but 
 declined; appointed I'hief justi<'e of Nebraska Ter- 
 ritory ill IH(i(i. 
 
 Kellogg, Willam Pitt, of New Orleans, La., 
 was born liecendier S, ls:;i, at Orwell, \'l.; edu- 
 cated at Norwich t'niversily; nioveil to Illinois in 
 1.H4.S; studied law at I'eoria', III., and admitted to 
 the bar in I.H.'i.'i; conunenced practicing in I'ulton 
 Comity; servoil as Presidential (4ec(or in bSdO; 
 aiijiointeil chief justice of Nebraska by Mr. bincoln 
 in IHdl; afterwards resigned and accrpleil the col- 
 onelcy of the Seventh Illinois ('avalry; served 
 under ( leiieral l'o)ie in Missouri, and connnandeil 
 General ( i ranger's cavalry brigaile until the evac- 
 uation of Corinth; apiiuiuted collector of the port 
 
 iimly. 
 iceton 
 to the 
 ice to 
 ir the 
 
 legis- 
 akiina 
 e con- 
 
 bsoo- 
 
 1 IHdO 
 
 I. bid 
 
 from 
 
 of New Orleans in .\piil, IHfio; elecb'd to tluU'iiited 
 States Senate as a, liei>ublican, serving from July 
 17, bSCiS, to Novi'iiiber I, \X72, when he resigned; 
 governor of Ijiaiisiana from January 5, IH7:i, to 
 Jaiuiary Ti, l,S77; again (4ected to tlu' I niled Stales 
 Senate as a Uepublican, and ailmitted to his 
 .seat December 1, 1.S77; s.'rveil until March:!, 188:1; 
 (4ected to the House of Kepresentalives of the 
 Forty-eighth Congress; located at Washington, I).C, 
 
 Kelly, James, was a native of I'eniisylvania; 
 reoeiverl a cla,ssieal education; studied law ami 
 adiuitted to the bar; elected a Representative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Ninth and Tenth Con- 
 gre.s.ses; died at Philadelphia, I'a., l'"ebruarv 4, 
 1819. 
 
 Kelly, James K., was born in ('eiitei ( '^ 
 
 I'a., I'"ebrnarv 1(1, I8I!I; graduated from I'rii 
 
 I College in 18':i<l; studied law, and admitted 
 
 j bar in 184:1; in 18411 went to California, thei 
 
 1 Oregon Territory in bS.")!; commissioner h 
 
 • codillcation of the TiM'ritorial laws in I.S.'iL'; 
 
 lalive councilor I.S."i:i-ISr)7; nerved ill (he Y; 
 
 Indian war in bS.'i.'i-.'id; member of the Stat 
 
 stitutional conveulion in 1857; State senator 
 
 I8(!l; apiiointeil by PreHi<leiit Buiiianan ii 
 
 I'liited States district attorney for Oregoi 
 
 de(4ined; elected a United States .Senator 
 
 Oregon as a Democrat 1871-1877. 
 
 Kelly, John, wan born at New York City, ,\pril 
 Ul, 1821; received a limited education; engaged 
 in the uuihoii'h trade; elected alderman in 1854; 
 eli'cted a Represeiitati\(t from New York to the 
 Tbirty-fourl h ami Tliirty-llfth Congre.s.seH as a 
 Democrat; resigned December L'5, 1858, having 
 been i4e('(ed sheriff of New York County; ap- 
 pointed comptroller of New York in 187(1; clele- 
 gate to the national Democratic conventions of 
 1804, I8(i8, 1872, 18"(i, bS.SO, and 1,8.84; died in New 
 York City,.lune I, 188(1. 
 
 Kelly, William, was born in Tennessee about 
 1770; received a classical education; studied law, 
 and commenced jiractice at llnntsville, Ala.; 
 elected a I'nited States Senator from that State as 
 a Jackson Democrat (vii'e John W. Walker, re- 
 signed), serving from .laniiary 21, I82;i, to 1825; 
 died at New Orleans, Na., about 18:!2. 
 
 Kelsey, William H., was born at Sniyrna, 
 N. Y., October 2, 1812; studied law; surrogate of 
 Livingston County in 184(1; elected conntv distri<'t 
 attorney in 18.50; elected a Represenlalive from 
 New York to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-lifth 
 Congre,sses as a Whig and to the I'ortielli and 
 I'Virty-llrst Congresses as a Repulilican. 
 
 Kelso, John R., was horn in Franklin County, 
 Ohio, Man4i 21, 18:11; received a classical educa- 
 tion; gra<luated at I'lea.sant Kidge College, Mis- 
 souri; princi]ial of an academy; served in the Cnioii 
 Arniv; elected a Representative from Missouri to 
 tin- 'riiirtv-ninth Congress as an Independent 
 Rndi.'al, 
 
 Kem, Omer Madison, of broken I'.ow, N(4ir., 
 was born in Wayne County, hid., November Li, 
 1855; brought upon a farm and received a com- 
 mon S(4iool education; movi'd to Custer Coiintv, 
 NiOir., in Marcdi, 1882; moved to Uroken How In 
 .January, 18!I0; deputy treasurer of ( 'usier County; 
 (dected to tlie l'"i fly-second Congress as an Inde- 
 pendent; reelected to the Fifty-third and Fifty- 
 fourth CongreHSes; retired to a fruil farm In 
 Ccdorado. 
 
 Komblo, Gouvorneur, was born at New York 
 City January 25, 1780; received a good education; 
 
63'J 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIKKCTORY, 
 
 cnpr.ifioil ill nioronntilp ]piirsiiit,<; apnniiittil consul 
 at Cadiz liy I'rfsiilcnt Moiirui'; rstalilisliod ii can- 
 non fo\nuliy at ("oldsprinn, N. Y.; elected a Ke|>- 
 rppentative' iViini New York to the Twenty-lifth 
 and Twenty-sixth t 'onuri'sses a.s a I'eniociat; dele- 
 pile to the State constitutional convention of IS-lti; 
 died at ('oldsprin^r, N. Y., .S-pti'iulier Hi, lt<75. 
 
 Kempshnll, Thomas, was a native of Knjiland; 
 attended the coniuion schools; located at Koches- 
 ter, N. Y.; held several local ollices; elected a 
 Representative from New Y'<irk to the Twentv- 
 eixth ('onf:ressasa Whig; died at Koohester, N. \., 
 January H, l.S()5. 
 
 Kenan, Thomas, was born in Puplin County, 
 N. ('.. in 1771; ineiuber of the house of connnons 
 in 17!i!t and a Slati' senator in IS04; t'lectcd a Rep- 
 resentative from that State to the Ninth, Tenth, 
 and Eleventh Contire.sses; moved to Sehna, Ala.; 
 served several terms in the Icitii^lature of that 
 State; died October -.'L', 1S4S. 
 
 Kendall, Charles West, was born at Sears- 
 inont, Me., .April 'JL', ISL'S; attended I'hillips 
 Acailemy, .Mas.~a<-husetts, and Yale CoUciie; studieil 
 
 law at Sacramento, C'al., and i nnenced ]irac- 
 
 tice; served in the State legislature 18fil-()2; 
 moved to Hamilton, Xev.; electeil a Kepre.>;enta- 
 tivefrom that Stale to the Forty-.-^econd and Forty- 
 third Conjircsses as a l>eniocrat. 
 
 Kendall, John W., wits born in M<irgan (now 
 Elliott) (_'ounty, Ky., June 2t>, is:!4; attende.l the 
 country schools anil the f)win;;sville Academy; 
 studied law; twiii' electe<l county attorney of 
 Morgan: tirsi liiMilenant and adjutant of the 
 Tenth Kentucky Confederate Cavalry, ami served 
 throncrliout the war; twici> a na-mber of the Ken- 
 tucky let;isUiture; six years Connnonweallh attor- 
 ney for the thirteenth judicial district; elected to 
 the Fiftv-secfind Confrress as a I'emoi-rat; died 
 March 7; lSii2. 
 
 Kendall, Jonas, was born at Worcester, Miu^s., 
 June (5, !7o7; received an academic education; 
 served several times as State representative from 
 l^ominster; electe<l a Representative from Ma.ssa- 
 chusetts to the Sixteenth Con<rre,ss; died at Leo- 
 minster, Ma.-s.. October 20, \H4i. 
 
 Kendall. Joseph G. , was born at I.*ominster, 
 Mass., in 17SS; jiursued classical studies; graduated 
 from Harvard College in ISUl; tutor there 1S12- 
 1819; elected a Representative from Ma.ssachusetts 
 to theTwenty-lirstand 'J wenty-second Coiicrcvses; 
 countv clerk of Worcester Count v; dieilat ^\'orces- 
 ter, Jiass., October 2, 1H47. 
 
 Kendall, Joseph M., ipf Pri'stonburg, Ky. (son 
 of John W. Kendalli. was born at West Liberty, 
 Ky.; attended tin- Slal<' ColU'ge of Kentucky ami 
 the T'niversity of Michigan; examined by the 
 court of ai)peals ot Kentucky and admitted to 
 practice law before he wiw of age; <'lerk in the 
 Fortv-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses; elected to 
 the tifty-seconil Congress asa Democrat to (ill the 
 vacancy <'aused by the death of his father; receivi'd 
 the certilicate of election to the Fifty-fourth Con- 
 pre.~s, but his seat was successfullv contestecl by 
 N.T. Hopkins, who took his seat Feljruary 18, 18!)7. 
 
 Kenna, John E., was born at Valcoulon, Va. 
 (now West Virginia), April 10, 1848; lived and 
 worked on a farm; entere<l the Confederate army; 
 wounded in that service in 18(>4, and was sur- 
 rendered at Shreveport, La., 18)).">; altetuleil St. 
 Vincenf.s College, Wheeling; studied law at 
 Charleston; ailmitted to the bar .Mine 20, 1870, 
 and jjracticed law; elected jirosecuting attorney 
 
 for Kanawha County in 1872; elected ii Represent- 
 ative from West Virginia to the Forty-fifth, Forty- 
 sixth, Fortv-seventh, and Forty-eighth Congres.ses; 
 elected to t)ie I 'nited States Senate as a Hemocnit to 
 succeed Henry < i. Ihivis, ami took liis seat Hecem- 
 ber S, 188;}; reelected, serving until his ilealh, at 
 Wiishington, H. C., January 11, 18!i;i. 
 
 Kennedy, Andrew, was born in Ohio in 1810; 
 blacksmith's appn'titice; received a limited educa- 
 tion; moved to Muiicietown, Ind.; stndieil law ami 
 admitted to the bar; Stale si^nator; elected a 
 Uepre.^entalive from Indiana to the Twenty- 
 seventh, Tweiily-eighth, and Twentv-nintli Con- 
 gres.ses as a Democrat; died at Muncietown, Ind., 
 December ."$1, 1847. 
 
 Kennedy, Anthony, was Irarn at Italtimore, 
 Mil., Decemlier L'l, Isll; went to Virginia in 1821; 
 received an acailemic education; studied law ami 
 admitted to the bar; engaged in the cotton busi- 
 ne.ss at New Orleans and jplanting in \ ii-ginia; 
 Vii-ginia State representative l,8.'i!l-|84.'{; defeated 
 for the Twenty-ninth Congre.ss; I'resideritial elec- 
 tor on the Wliig ticket in 1848; returned to Haiti- 
 more in 18.'>l); member of the State legislature in 
 18.')(), and by that body elected a Cnilcd States 
 ■'Senator from Maryland as a Unionist 18.')7-18t>:j; 
 delegate to the State constitutional convention; 
 died at Aimapolis. Md., July ;il, 18SI2. 
 
 Kennedy, John P., was born at Baltimore, 
 Md., Octol ler 2.">, 17!i.'); received a cl,a.ssical educa- 
 tion; graduated from Baltimore College in 1812; 
 studied law, and admitted tothe barin IMii; com- 
 menced jiractice at Baltimore; .served in the war 
 of 1812; State representative 1.S20-1822; ai)i)ointed 
 secretary to the legation at Chile, January 27, 
 182.'i, but resigned; defeated for the Twenty-lifth 
 Congress, but subseipiently elected to the same 
 Congress as a Representative from Maryland ( vice 
 I.saac McKim, decea.sed ), serving from .\pril HO, 
 1838, to l.s:;!i; defeated for the Twenty-sixth Con- 
 gres.s; I'residential elector on the Whig ticket in 
 1840; electeil to the Twenty-.sev<-nth and Twenty- 
 eighth Congres.ses; Secretary of the Navv July 22, 
 18.^2, to March 7, 1853; died at Newport, K. I., 
 August 18, 1870. 
 
 Kennedy, Robert Patterson, was born at 
 I'ellefontaine, Ohio, January 2:!, 1840, educated 
 in the public schools; at the (irst call for troops 
 he enlisted in a company of three inonth.s' men 
 and was elected second lieutenant; the company 
 reorganized and became a ]iart nf the Twenty- 
 third Ohio, the rn>t three years' rcL'inient from 
 that State: transferred to staff duty and appointi-d 
 assistant adjutant-general of volunteei-s with rank 
 of captain: reached the rank of captain, major, 
 lieutenant-colonel, and brevet brigiidier-genend; 
 mustered out of the service in .S>ptend)er, 18(>.t; 
 returned to his home, read law, admill»'d to the 
 bar, ]iracticeil his profession; i-olK-ctor of internal 
 revenuein 1878; elected lienlenanl-governorin 188.5 
 and served until .March 4, 1887, when he resigni'd; 
 elected to the Fiftieth and Fifty-lirst Congre.s..eH 
 asa He|)ublican; aiipointed a memlK-r of the insu- 
 lar <iinimission by President McKinley toexamine 
 and report upon the civil conditions of I'orlo Rico. 
 
 Kennedy, William, wjis a native »{ North 
 Carolina: slndiid and practiced law; elected a 
 Representative froLU North Carolina to the Kinhth 
 and Eleventh Congre.s.~es as a Fiiienilist; defeated 
 for the Twelfth Congress, but later elected to 
 the Twi'lfth (vice T. Blount, deceased I, and n-- 
 elected to the Thirteenth Congress, serving from 
 January ;?0, 181:!, to March 2, 181.5. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 633 
 
 Kennett, Luther M. , was born at Falmouth, 
 Ky., March 15, 1807; received an academic educa- 
 tion; clerk of the Pendletcjn County court; moved 
 to Missouri ip 1825; became a merchant; moved 
 to St. Louis: vice-president of the Pacific Railroad 
 Company ; mayor of St. Louis 1850-1853 ; presi- 
 dent of the St. Louis and Iron ^Mountain Railroad 
 in 1853, elected a Representative from Missouri to 
 the Thirty-fourth Congress as an American; de- 
 feated for reelection. 
 
 Kenney, Richard RoUand, of Dover, Del., 
 
 was b(.jrn in Sussex County, Del., September 9, 
 185ti; graduated from Laui-el Academy, Delaware, 
 in June, 1874; attended Hobart College, Geneva, 
 N. Y. ; read law; admitted to the bar October 19, 
 1881, and practiced; elected State librarian in Jan- 
 uary, 1879; adjutant-general of the State 18S7- 
 1891; delegate to the national Democratic conven- 
 tion in 1892; member of the national Democratic 
 committee in 1896; elected to the United States 
 Senate as a Democrat January 19, 1897, to 1311 the 
 vacancy caused by the legislature of 1895 failing 
 to elect a Senator to succeed the Hon. Anthony 
 Higgins; took his seat February .5, 1897, and served 
 until March 3, 1901. 
 
 Keunon, William, was a native of Pennsyl- 
 vania; received a liberal education; moved to St. 
 Clairsville, Ohio; member of the State house of 
 representatives; elected a Representative from 
 Ohio to the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson 
 Democrat; reelected to the Twenty-second, 
 Twenty-fourth, and Thirtieth Congresses. 
 
 Kent, Joseph, was bom in Calvert County, 
 Md., January 14, 1779; received a liberal education; 
 studied medicine and practiced ; elected a Represen- 
 tative from Maryland to the Twelfth Congress as a 
 Federalist; reelected to the Thirteenth, Sixteenth, 
 Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Con- 
 gresses; resigned January H, 1826, to become gov- 
 ernor of Maryland 1826-1829; elected a United 
 States Senator from Maryland as a Whig, serving 
 from December 2, 1833, to Xovember 24, 1837; 
 died at his home near Bladensburg, ^Id., Xovem- 
 ber 24, 1837. 
 
 Kent, Moss, was born in Rensselaer County, 
 N. Y.; received a liberal education; studied law 
 and admitted U) the bar; member of the State 
 house of reiireseutatives 1807-1810; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New York to the Thirteenth 
 Congress as a Federalist; reelected to tlie Four- 
 teenth Congress. 
 
 Kenyon, William S., was a native of Kings- 
 ton, X. Y.; received a liberal education; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the Thirty- 
 sixth Congress as a Republican; died in 1896. 
 
 Kern, Frederick J., of Belleville, 111., was 
 born on a farm near Millstadt, 111., September 2, 
 1864; educated in the public schools of ^Millstadt 
 and attended the Illinois State Normal University; 
 taught in the jiublic schools for live years; em- 
 barked in the newspaper business, becoming editor 
 of the Fast St. Louis Gazette and later of the 
 Belleville Daily and Weekly News-Democrat; 
 elected to the Fifty-seventh Congress as a Demo- 
 crat. 
 
 Kernan, Francis, was born at Wayne, N. Y., 
 January 14, 1816; finished his education at George- 
 town College, District of Columbia; studied law at 
 Utica; admitted to the bar; reporter of tlie court 
 of appeals; elected a member of the general assem- 
 bly of the State in 1861; elected to the House of 
 Representatives of the Ignited States in 1862; 
 
 member of the State constitutional convention 
 1867-68; Democratic and Liberal candidate for 
 governor of New York in 1872; elected to the 
 United States Senate as a Democrat to succeed 
 R. E. Fenton, Liberal, for the term 1875-1881; 
 died at Utica, N. Y., September 15, 1892. 
 
 Kerr, Daniel, of Grundy Center, Iowa, was 
 born at Highfield Fann, near Dairy, Ayrshire, Scot- 
 land, June is, 183('); emigrated with his parents 
 to Madison County, 111., in 1841; graduated from 
 McKendree College in 1858; read law; admitted 
 to the bar in 1862; entered the Army August 12, 
 1862; promoted to second lieutenant Company G, 
 One hundred and seventeenth Illinois Volunteers, 
 in 1863, and to fir.^t lieutenant in 1864; elected to 
 the legislature of Illinois in 1868; moved to Iowa 
 in 1870; elected to the legislature of Iowa in 1883; 
 Presidential elector on the Blaine and Logan ticket 
 in 1884; elected to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Con- 
 gresses as a Republican. 
 
 Kerr, James, of Clearfield, Pa., was born in 
 Mifflin County, Pa., October 2, 1851; resided in 
 Blair County until 1864; moved to Clearflelil 
 in 1867; received an academic education; elected 
 justice of the peace in 1878; elected prothonotary 
 for Clearfielil County in 1880 and 1883; engageJl 
 in mining and shipping of bituminous coal and 
 the cutting and transportation of lumber; elected 
 to the Fifty-first Congress as a Democrat; clerk 
 of the United States House of Representatives dur- 
 ing the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses; 
 moved to New York City. 
 
 Kerr, John, was born in Caswell Cotmty, 
 N. C, August 14, 1792; elected a Representative 
 from Virginia to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth 
 Congresses; died September 29, 1842. 
 
 Kerr, John, was born in Pittsylvania Count}', 
 Va. ; received a liberal education; studied law and 
 began jiractice at Yanceyville; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from North Carolina to the Thirty-third 
 Congress as a AVhig; defeated for the Thirty- 
 fourth Congress; died at Reidsville, N. C., Sep- 
 tember 5, 1879. 
 
 Kerr, John Bozman, was born at Easton, Md., 
 IMarch 5, 1809; graduated from Harvard College 
 in 1830; studied law; began practicing at Easton 
 in 1833; member of the State house of representa- 
 tives 1836-1838; elected a Representative from 
 Maryland to the TJiirty-first Concrress as a \Vhig; 
 reelected to the Thirty-third Congress, but re- 
 signed, having been commissioned charge d'affaires 
 to Nicaragua 1851-1853; returned and resumed 
 practiceat St. Michaels, Md. ; died at-Washington, 
 I). C., January 27, 1878. 
 
 Kerr, John L., wa.s born near Annapolis, Md., 
 .lanuary 15, 1780; graduated from St. John's Col- 
 lege in 1799; studied law and admitted to the 
 l)ar; began practice at Easton; elected a Rejire- 
 sentative from JIaryland to the Nineteenth and 
 Twentieth Congresses as a Whig; defeated as the 
 Whig candidate for the Twenty-first Congress; 
 elected to the Twenty-second Congress; Presiden- 
 tial elector on the Harrison and Tyler ticket in 
 1840; elected a United States Senator from Mary- 
 land (vice John S. Spence, deceased), serving 
 from January 13, 1841, to March 3, 1843; diecl 
 February 21, 1844, near Easton, Md. 
 
 Kerr, Joseph, was elected a United States Sen- 
 ator from Ohio, vice Thomas Worthington, 
 resigned. 
 
 Kerr, Josiah Leeds, of Cambridge, Md., was 
 born at Vienna, Md., January 10, 1861; received 
 
684 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKOTORY. 
 
 his o<lucation in tlio pulilio schools of Vienna anil 
 at N'ioniui Academy; tantilit yichool in his native 
 county: entereil u liniilicr company in t'rislielil, 
 M<1., !is clerk; moveil to ('amhriiif.'e in IHS'); trav- 
 eWnfi ealesnian for a HaUimore tirm lor ten years: 
 elected sdiool examiner in August. IS(t8; served 
 two vears; nominated for the unexpired term of 
 Johii Walter Smith in the Fifty-sixth Con^rress 
 and elected as a Kepiihlican. 
 
 Kerr, Michael C, was l)orn at Titiisviile, Pa., 
 March 1.'), 1,S27; received a lil)eral education, and 
 graduated from Louisville I'niversity in IS')!: 
 admitte<l to the har, and hesan practice at New 
 Albany, Ind., in llS'iL': elected city attorney in 
 1854: electeil prosecutiiin attorney of Floyd County 
 in 1855: memher of tlie State le};islature in 1851! 
 and 1857; elected repoiter of the supreme court 
 of Indiana in 18t)2: elected a Representative from 
 Indiana to the Thirty-ninth, Furtieth, Forty-tirst, 
 and Forty-second Coiifiresses as a Democrat; de- 
 feated for the Forty-third Con^jress; elected tn 
 the Forty-fourth Uoiifiress and elected its Speaker; 
 died at Rockbridfie Alum Springs, Va., August 
 19, 187ti. 
 
 Kerr, Winfleld S., of Mansfield, Ohio; gradu- 
 ate from the law dejiartmeiit of the Cniversity of 
 Michifran: lawyer: served four years in tlie()liio 
 Statesenate; elected to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, 
 anil Fifty-sixth Congresses as a Kepuhlican. 
 
 Kerrigan, James E., was horn in Ireland: 
 received a liberal education; emifrrated to Amer- 
 ica and located at New York; member of the city 
 council; I'lected a Kcpresentative from New York 
 to the Thirty-si-veiitli Congress iw a Democrat; 
 served in tlie Union Army as colonel; died in 1899. 
 
 Kershaw, John, was a native of South Caro- 
 lina; received a liberal educ'ation; eU^cted a Rep- 
 resentative from South Cai'cjiina to the Thirtei.'nth 
 Congress as a Denmcrat. 
 
 Ketcham, John Henry, of Dover I'lains, N. Y., 
 was born at Dover, .N. Y., DecemU'r L'l, 18;j2; re- 
 ceiveil an academic education; became interested 
 in agricultural jiursuits; supervisor in 1854 and 
 18.55; mendjer ot the State assembly of New York 
 in 1851) and 1857; member of the State senate of 
 New York in bStiO and 18(il, and a member of the 
 war committee Uiv his senatorial <listrict; enterec 
 the rniou Army as colonel of the One hundred 
 and liftieth New York Volunteers in October, 
 1862, and apjiointed brigadier-general liy brevet, 
 afterwards lirigadier-general, serving until he re- 
 signed, in March, 1805; appointed major-general 
 by brevet; elected to the Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, 
 Forty-tirst, and Forty-second Congresses; often a 
 delegati- to Republican State conventions, and del- 
 egate to the Republican natioruil c-onventicjiis in 
 1871) and ISitC); Connnissioner of the Distric-t of Cci- 
 Imnbia from ,Iidy .'i, 1874, until .lune .'ill, 1877, 
 when he resigned, baving been elected to the 
 Forty-fifth Congress; elected to the Forty-sixth, 
 Forty-seventh, Fortv-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fifti- 
 eth, Fifty-lirst, and Fifty-second Congres-^es, when, 
 owing to imjiaired health, declined a renomina- 
 tion; elected to the Fifty-lifth, Fifty-.-ixth, Fiftv- 
 seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses a.s a Kepub- 
 licjin. 
 
 Ketchum, Winthrop W. , was born at AVilke."- 
 barre, Fa., .fimc> 29, 182(1; rcrc'ived a chL-sical edu- 
 cation; sludiecl law; admitted to the bar in 18.50; 
 served in bictb branches of the legislature: solicitor 
 of the fnited States Court of Claims 18(>4-I8(;(); 
 elected a Repre.uentative from Penn.«ylvania to the 
 Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican: judt'i^ of 
 
 the Fnited .States court for the western clistrict of 
 I'ennsvlvania: clied at Pittsburg, Pa., Dei'ember 
 6, 1879. 
 
 Key, David McKendree, was l)orn in Greene 
 Ciiunty. Tenii., .lanuary 27, 1824; rai.-'ed on a 
 farm in Monroe County; attended the comnicjn 
 schools; graduated from lliawas.see College in 18.50; 
 studied law , aclniitt<-c| to the bar, ancl began prac- 
 tice at Chattanooga in 18.58; Presidential elector on 
 the I >emocratic ticket in 185tjaiid on the Hreckin- 
 ridite ancl Lane ticket in \St\0: served in the Con- 
 federate army as lieutenant-colonel in the civil 
 war; member of the State constitutional conven- 
 tion in 187ll;c-liancelliircif thethirdi-hanceryclb^trict 
 1879-1875: defeated as the Democratic candidate 
 to the Forty-third Congress; appointed a United 
 States Senator from Tennes.-'eeas a Democrat (vice 
 .\ndrew .lolinson, decea.-ied i, serving from Decein- 
 bcM- (i, 1875, to .lanuary 29, 1877; defeated for re- 
 I'lection; Postmaster-( ieneral March 12, 1877, to 
 1880; resigned to accept United States judgeship 
 of the eastern clistrict of Tenncs-^ee: retiretl Janu- 
 arv 2(), 1894; died at Chattanooga. Tenn., Febru- 
 ary 3. 1900. 
 
 Key, Philip, was bom in St. Marys County. 
 Md., in 17.50; pursued ac^ademical studies; a 
 farmer; one year sjieaker of the State hoU.«e of 
 representatives; elected a Representative from 
 Maryland to the Second Congress; died in St. 
 Marys County, ild., .lanuary 4, 1820. 
 
 Key, Philip Barton, was horn in Cecil 
 County, Md., in 1757; pursued academic studies; 
 served in the British army during the Revolution- 
 ary war; taken ])iisoner in Florida, ancl went to 
 England, having been released on parole; returned 
 to .Maryland in 1785 and located at Annapolis in 
 1799; several times a .State re|)resentative: elected 
 a Re|>reseiitalive from Maryland to the Tenth 
 Congress as a Federalist; reelected to the Kleventh 
 and Twelfth Congresses; died at tTeorgetown, 
 I). C, .luly 2,8, 1815. 
 
 Keyes, Elias, was a native of Ashford, Conn. ; 
 attended the common schools; moved to Stock- 
 bridge, Vt.; State councilor 180:1-1818; State 
 rei)resentative for several years; elected a Reiire- 
 sentative from Vermont to the Seventeenth Con- 
 1 gre.«s. 
 
 Kidder, David, was l)orn at Dresden, Me., 
 December 8, 1787; pursued ac-ademical studies; 
 studied law; admitted to the bar ancl bepm prac- 
 tice at Norridgewock: county attorney of Somerset 
 County 1811-1823; elec-ted a Rei)resentative from 
 Maine to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Con- 
 gresses as a Whig: State representative in 1829; 
 clied at Norridgewock, Me., November 1, 1.8(50. 
 
 Kidder, Jefferson P., was a native of Brain- 
 tree, Vt.; attended the conunon schools; farmed 
 and taught school; took up cla.'^sical studies and 
 graduated from Norwich University: studied and 
 practicecl law : member of the .State constitutional 
 convention in 1843; i^tate attorney 1.842-1,847; 
 State senator 1847—18: lieutenant-goverimr 1S5.3- 
 54; movecl to St. Paul. Minn., in 1.8.57; State rep- 
 resentative from Minnesota in 18iil, l,8()3,aiid 18(>4; 
 appointed a.-^sociate justice of the supreme court 
 for Dakota Territory in 18(v5, ancl reap])ointed in 
 I8()9and 1873; elected a Delegate from Dakota as 
 a Republican to the J'^irty-fourth and Forty-fifth 
 Ccingresses. 
 
 Kidwell, Zedekiah.w.islHcrnin Fairfax County. 
 \'a.. .lanuary 4, 1814; received a lilHT.d education: 
 studied medicine and graduated from Jefferson 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 635 
 
 IMedical College of Philadelphia in 1S39; practiced 
 medicine; studied law; admitted to the bar in 
 1849; settled at Fairmont, Va. ; State representa- 
 tive; delegate to the State constitutional conven- 
 tion in 1849; Presidential elector on the Democratic 
 ticket in 1852; elected a Representative from Vir- 
 ginia as a Democrat to the Thirty-third and Thirty- 
 fourth Congresses; elected a memlier of the State 
 board of public works in 1857; died at Fairmont, 
 W. Va., April 27, 1872. 
 
 Kiefer, Andrew R., of St. Paul, Minn., was 
 born at INIarienborn, in the district of Manz, on 
 the Rhine; attended school at Manz; emigrated 
 to Ainerica in 1849; settled in St. Paul in 18.55; 
 elected clerk of the legislature in ISliO; entered the j 
 Union Army as captain, Second Minnesota Infan- 
 try Volunteers, in 1861; commis-sioned colonel of 
 militia in 18(B; member of State legislature in 1804; 
 clerk (if district courts of Ramsey County in 1878; 
 Republican candidate for mayor of St. Paul in 1890; 
 elected t(j the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Con- 
 gresses as a Republican; mayor of St. Paul in 1898_ 
 
 Kilbourn, James, was born at New Britain, 
 Conn., Octol)er 19, 1770; pursued classical studies; 
 studied theology and entered the Epi.sco])al 
 Church; founded Worthington, Ohio; appointed 
 United States surveyor of public lands in 1805; 
 president of the Worthington College; elected a 
 Representative from Ohio to the Thirteenth and 
 Fourteenth Congresses as a Democrat; State rep- 
 resentative in 1823 and 1828; died at Worthington, 
 Ohio, April, 9, 18,50. 
 
 Kilgensmith, John, was a native of Pennsyl- 
 vania; resiiled at Stewartsville; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Pennsylvania to the Twenty-fourth 
 and Twenty-fifth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Kilgore, Constantine B. , was born at Newnan, 
 Ga., February 20, 1835; moved with his parents to 
 Rusk County, Tex., in 1846; received a common 
 school and academic education; studied law and 
 admitted t(j the bar; served in the Confederate 
 army as private, orderly sergeant, first sergeant, 
 first lieutenant, and captain of the Tenth Texas 
 Regiment; a<ljutant-general of Ector's brigade. 
 Army of the Tennessee, in 1862; wounded at 
 Chickamauga; captured and confined as a prisoner 
 in Fort Delaware during 1864; elected justice of 
 the peace in Rusk County in 1869; memljer of the 
 constitutional convention in 1875; Presidential 
 elector in 1880 on the Hancock and English ticket; 
 elected to the State senate in 1884 for four years, 
 serving as president pro tempore of that body for 
 two years; elected to the Fiftieth, Fifty-first, 
 Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses asa'Demo- 
 crat; in March, 1895, appointed United States 
 judge for southern district of Indian Territorv; 
 died at Ardmore, Ind. T., Septemlier 23, 1897. 
 
 Kilgore, Daniel, was a native of Virginia; re- 
 ceived a lil)eral eilueation; moved to Cadiz, Ohio; 
 elected a Representative from that State to the 
 Twenty-third Congress as a Jackson Democrat, 
 vice II. II. Leavitt, resigned; elected to the 
 Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses, serv- 
 ing from December 1, 1834, until his resignation in 
 1838; died at New York, December 12, 1851. 
 
 Kilgore, David, was born in Harrison County, 
 Ky., Ajiril 3, 1804; moved to Franklin County, 
 Ind., in 1819; attended the public schools; studied 
 law; admitted to the bar in 1830; began practice 
 at Yorktown, Ind.; State representative 183.3- 
 1838; president-judge of his judicial circuit 1839- 
 1844; delegate to the State constitutional conven- 
 tion in 1850; speaker of the State house of repre- 
 
 sentatives in 1854; elected a Representative from 
 Indiana to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Con- 
 gresses as a Republican; delegate to the national 
 Union convention at Philadelphia in 1866. 
 
 Kille, Joseph, was a native of New Jersey; 
 pursued academic studies; located at Salem; elected 
 a Representative from New Jersey to the Twenty- 
 sixth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Killinger, John "W. , was elected to the Thirty- 
 sixth, Thirty-seventh, Forty-second, Forty-third, 
 Fortv-fifth, and Fortv-sixth Congresses as a Repub- 
 lican; died in 1896. 
 
 Kimball, Alanson M. , was horn at Buxton, 
 Me., Marcli 12, 1827; pursued academic studies; 
 moved to Wisconsin in 1852 and engaged in farm- 
 ing and mercantile purauits; State senator in 
 1863-64; elected a Representative from Wisconsin 
 to the Forty-fourth Congress; defeated as the 
 Republican candidate for the Forty-fifth Congress. 
 
 Kimmel, William, of Baltimore, IMd., was 
 born at Baltimore, ihX. ; educated at St. Marys and 
 Baltimore colleges; studied law; member of the 
 Baltimore bar; interested in agricultural and busi- 
 ness pursuits; State director in the P.altimoi'e and 
 Ohio Railroad; stockholder and director in tlie 
 Canton Company of Baltimore; director in the 
 Union Railroad Company and in the Western 
 Maryland Extension; member of the State Demo- 
 ocratic committee from 1862 to 1866; delegate to 
 the national Democratic convention in 1864; served 
 in the ]\Iaryland State senate from 1866 to 1871; 
 elected to the Fcirty-fifth and Forty-sixth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Kincaid, John, was born near Danville, Ky., 
 February 15, 1791; attended the public scliools; 
 located at Stanford; elected a Representative from 
 Kentucky to the Twenty-first Congress as a Jack- 
 son Democrat; died February 7, 1873. 
 
 King, Adam, was a native of York, Pa. ; pur- 
 sued academic studies and studied medicine; 
 elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second Con- 
 gresses as a Jackson Democrat; died at York, Pa., 
 May 6, 1835. 
 
 King, Andrew, was born in Greenbrier County, 
 Va., March 20, 1812; attended the common schools; 
 studied law and began practice at St. Charles, Mo.; 
 elected State senator in 1846 and State represent- 
 ative in 1858; judge of the circuit court of the 
 nineteenth judicial district of Missouri 1859-1864; 
 elected a Representative from Jlissouri to the 
 Forty -second Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 King, Austin A. , was born in Sullivan County, 
 Tenn., September 20, 1801; attended the public 
 schools; studied law; admitted to the bar in 1822; 
 uKjved to Richmond, Mo., in 1830; State repre- 
 sentative in 1834 and 1836; circuit judge of Ra}- 
 County 1837-1848; governor 184,8-1853; again 
 circuit judge of Ray County 1862-(i3, when he 
 resigned; elected a Representative from Missouri 
 to the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat; 
 defeated for the Thirty-ninth Congress; died at 
 St. Louis, Mo., April 22, 1870. 
 
 King, Cyrus, was born at Scarborough, Mass. 
 (now Maine), September 16, 1772; pursued clas- 
 sical studies and graduateil from Columbia College 
 in 1794; studied law; admitted to the bar and 
 liegan ]iractice at Saco; elected a Representative 
 from Massachusetts to the Thirteenth and Four- 
 teenth Congresses as a Federalist; died at Saco 
 April 25, 1817. 
 
630 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTOKY. 
 
 I' 
 
 King^, Daniel Putnam, wiis born at Danvers, 
 Muss., .lanniirv S, ISOl; imrsiu'd cliis.-ical stiiditv 
 anil j:ni(luatnl frnni Ilaiviinl ('iillc>;i' in lS2.'f; 
 ctM.lii'ilhiw; ailinitli'ilt.itlu'hiir; bcianii-a farniiT; 
 Slate n'|iri'.-cnIalivo I.s;i)i-:17; Slatv s<-natnr IS.'iS- 
 1S41, wiviu}; (Hu' term as (iri'sidcnt of tlie Stale 
 peiuite; speaker of the Slate lionse nl" n'|>resenta- 
 tives 1843—44; elected a K<'I>resentative fnnii Massii- 
 elnisetts tn the Twenty-ei).'lith, Twenty-ninth, 
 Tliirtieth, and Thirty-tirst t'cinnresses as a Whij;; 
 died at Simth Panvefs, Mass., .July 2">, IMoO. 
 
 Kin^, Georg-o G. , was a native of IJliode Island; 
 Hirsned cla.ssieal studiesaml ^rradiiated I'roni Umwn 
 'niversity in ISL'o; stndied law; admilteil to the 
 har; eoniineneed iiraetice at Newport; speaker of 
 the State house of rei>resentalives IS4ri-4l); I'resi- 
 denlial elector on tlie Whi;: ticket in 1.S4S; elected 
 a Kepresentalive from Uhode Island to the'riiirty- 
 lirst and Thirty-second (.'on;;re.sses as a AN'hij;; died 
 at Newport, K. I., July 17, 1870. 
 
 King', Henry, was horn at Ilatnpdon, Mass., in 
 17!KI; pnrsnid cla.-sical studies; stnilied law at 
 \Vilkesl>arre, I'a.; admitted to tlieliar in ISl'i.and 
 liejian practiceat Allentown; Stalest iiator in 1S80; 
 elecleil a Hepresentative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Twenty-second and Twenty-tliinl Con^rresses a.s a 
 Jaekson Pemocnit; died at Allentown, I'a., .Inlv 
 l:{, IStil. 
 
 King, J. Floyd, of Viilalia, l.a., was horn at 
 Montictllo, neartlie town i>f St. Marys, (ia., A]iril 
 •_'(), IS4L'; weiittoKnssellSehool, New llaveii, Conn., 
 Barllett's C'ollei;e Hill School, I'onfjhkeepsie, 
 N. Y., and the ililitarv Institute of (ieort;ia; pre- 
 Ittired for West I'oint, lint wa.s sent to the fniver- 
 sity of Virf;inia; entered the Confederate service; 
 (Served in the army of Virginia; ]iromi>fed hy vari- 
 ous ^trades to the rank of colonel of artillery; liis 
 property in (ieoriria heint; conliscated, moved to 
 I^iuisiana, where he liecame interested in and 
 controller of a large jilant in;; interest; stndied law; 
 ajipointed lirisHidier-jjeneral of State troops; elected 
 inspector of levees and presiili'iit of tlu' hoard of 
 school directors of his district, and also a trustee 
 of the rniversity of the South; elected to the 
 Forty-si.\th Conpress as a Democrat; reelecteil to 
 the i'orty-seventh, Forty-ei(;htli, and Forty-ninth 
 Congresses. 
 
 King, James Gore, wius horn at New York 
 City May S. 1791; pursued classical stndii's in 
 Englanil; frradualed on his return from Harvard 
 CoUc'^'e in ISIO; studied law at the l.itchtield Uuv 
 School, liutenLMSied in mercantile pursuits; electeil 
 a Hepre.sentative from New .lersey to the Thirty- 
 lirst Conjiress as a Whij;; i>resident of the New 
 York Chainlier of Commerce; <lied at Hipliwood, 
 N. .1., OetolH-rS, 18,'i3. 
 
 King, John, was t«irn in 177'); elected a He|i- 
 iv.sentativi- from .New York to the Twenty-secoiul 
 Congress as a Jackson Democrat; died at New 
 I^'hanon, N. Y., SepteinlK'r 1, 1838. 
 
 King, John Alsop, wa.s horn at New York 
 City Jamiary :i, 17.SS; educated at Ilarmw ScIumiI, 
 Kn);lan'l. aiiil at I'aris; returned to Ni'W York; 
 nerved in the war of lS12as lieiiteiuint of cavalry; 
 State representative 18HI-1S21, and a State senator 
 in 1S'_':{; appointeil secretary of the lejiation at 
 London in ISL'.'i; chaoie d'affaires June 15 to. \upust 
 5, ISJti; airain a State repn'sentative in 1S:{2 and 
 1S4(I; ele<tcil a Representative from New York to 
 the Thirtv-tirst Ct>nnre.s.s as a Whin; governor of 
 New York lS.'i(l-185S; I'n-sidential elector on the 
 Repuhlican ticket in ISOO; delegate from New 
 
 Y'ork to the peace conference of 1861; ilied ut 
 Jamaica, N. Y., July 7, 18(57. 
 
 King, John Pendleton, was born at Gla.«jtow, 
 Barren Countv, Ky., April '.i, 17!Hi; moved to 
 Augusta, (ia., in ISI.t; graduated from Hichmond 
 .Vcademy; admitted to the har in Islll; elected a 
 United States Senator from ( ieorgia as a State 
 Hight.s Democrat, vice (ieorge M. Troup, resigni-d; 
 reelected Novendier, ls:!4, .serving from December 
 '2, 1833, until his resignation, November 1, 1837; 
 judge of the court of common pleas; president of 
 thetieorgia Kailroadand Hanking Company 1841- 
 1878; member of the State constitutional ('inven- 
 tion of ISlir); died at .\ugusta, (ia., March 1!>, 1888. 
 
 King, Perkins, was born at New Marlboro, 
 Ma.ss,, Jaiuiary IL', 1784; jiursued aca<lemie stud- 
 ies; studied law; admitted to the har; moved to 
 Cireenville, N. Y., where he began practice; 
 county judge of (Ireene Comity 18Ut>-18.'>(); State 
 n-presentative in lSL'7; elected a l{ejire.sentativc 
 from New York to the Twenty-lirst Congress as 
 a Jackson Deinoirat; <lie<l at'Frt«hokl, Greene 
 County, November 2!l, 1875. 
 
 King, Preston, wasliornat Ogdcnsburg, N. Y., 
 October 14, 180ii; |iursueil i-lassical studies and 
 graduated from Ciiion College in ISL'7; studicillaw; 
 admitted to the bar; began practice at his home 
 town; established the St. I^iwreiice Kepublican; 
 liostmastcr at Ogdensburg; State representative 
 1834-1837; electeda Kepreseiitative froniNew York 
 to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat, to the Thirty-tirst Congress 
 as a Free Soil Democrat, and to the Thirty-second 
 Congress; electe<l a I'niteil States Senator from 
 New York as a Kepublican, serving 18.57-18(13; 
 rcsumeil practi<v at New York City; Presidential 
 elector on the Kepublican ticket in 1SI')4; appointi-d 
 collector of the jiort of New York August 15, 18().t; 
 died in New York November 12, 18(>o. 
 
 King, Rufus. was iHirn at Scarboro, Mass. 
 (now Maine I, March 24, 17-">,"); ]iursneil classical 
 studies and graduated from Harvard College in 
 1777; studied law at Newburviiort; .served in 
 the Revolutionary war; inlmitteil to the bar 
 and liegaii practice in 1780; ."^tate representative 
 in 1782; Dilegate from Ma.s.sichusetts to the Con- 
 tinental C'ongnss 17S4-178(i; delegate to the State 
 constitutional convention 1787, and also to the 
 Federal constitutional conventi.on; moved to New- 
 York City in 17.S8; member of the State legisl.i- 
 ture in 178!>; elected and reelected a I'nited .'^tates 
 Senator from New York as a Federalist, serving 
 from 1781) to his resignation, May 18. 17!i(i; min- 
 ister to tireat Britain May 20, 17i«i, to May 18, 
 1.8(t:); again elected and reelecteil a United States 
 Senator from New York 181.{-182i; ag-ain min- 
 ister to tireat Britain Mav 5, 182'i, to June 1(>, 
 1S2(>; died at Jainai.a, N. Y., April 2'(. 1827. 
 
 King, Kufus H., was l>orn at Rensselaerville, 
 Albany County, N. Y.. January 20. 1820; n-ceiveil 
 a liberal eilucation ami graduated from Wesleyan 
 University, Lima, N. Y.; sluditnl law; adniitte<l 
 to the bar in 1843; ele<-ted a Reiiresentative fmm 
 New York to the Thirtv-foiirth Congress as a 
 Whig; prcsi.li'ut of tlie('atskill Bank 1.8.i7-18(i8; 
 Pri'sidential elector on the Republican ticket in 
 18(10; delegate to the Republican national conven- 
 tions 18(18 and 18.80; dic<l at Catskill, N. Y.,Seii- 
 tember 1.!, 18'K1. 
 
 King, Thomas Butler, was Itorn at llamixlen, 
 Ma.ss., .\ugust 27, 1.804; n-ceived a liln'ral olui'a- 
 tion; studied law ami l«'gan practice at Waynes- 
 ville.tia.; luemln-r of tlie.^tate senate in 1832, 1834, 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 637 
 
 1835, and 1837: farmer; elected a Representative 
 from (ieorfjia to the -Twenty-sixth Congress as a 
 State Rights Whig; reelected to theTvventy-seventh; 
 defeated for the Twenty-eighth; elected to the 
 Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-first Con- 
 gresses; resigned in 1849; collector or San Fran- 
 cisco 1850-51 ; sent to Europe on a secret mission 
 by Confederate government in 1862; died at 
 Waynesboro, Ga., May 10, 1864. 
 
 King, ■William Henry, of Salt Lake City, TTtah, 
 ■was born at Fillmore City, Millard ("onnty, Uttih, 
 in June, IStili; attended the district schools, the 
 Brigham Young Academy, State University, and 
 at Ann Arbor, Mich.; graduated; j>ractieed law; 
 county attorney; county clerk; city assessor and 
 collector; city recorder; member of the city coun- 
 cil; school trustee; elected a member of the legis- 
 lature and reelected; in 1889 moved to ProvoCity, 
 Utah; in 1891 elected to the Territorial legislature 
 and selecte<l as president of the council; county 
 attorney of I'tah County; city attorney of Provo 
 City; appointed associate judge of the su]ireme 
 court of Utah in July, 1894; elected to the Fifty- 
 iifth Congress as a Democrat; reelected to fill a 
 vacancy in the Fifty-sixth Congress; defeated for 
 the Fifty-seventh Congress. 
 
 King, William Rufus, was born in Sampson 
 County, X. C, April 7, 1786; in 1803 graduated 
 from the University of North Carolina; studied 
 law; admitted to the bar in 1806; began practice 
 at Clinton; member of the State house of com- 
 mons 1808-9; elected a Representative from 
 North Carolina to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, and 
 Fourteenth t^ongresses as a War Democrat, serv- 
 ing until November 4, 1811, when he resigned to 
 bec(.)me secretary of legation at St. Peterstiurg; re- 
 turned to Alaliama in 1818 and located at Cahaba; 
 became a planter; elected a United States Senator 
 from Alabama 1819-1844, when he resigned, hav- 
 ing lieeu apiiointed minister to France 1844-1846; 
 appointed to the Ignited States Senate (vice A. P. 
 Bagby, resigned), and reelected 1846-1853; elected 
 Vice-President in 1852 as a Democrat; took the 
 oath of office at Habana, Cuba, March 4, 1853, 
 where he had gone for his health; returned to 
 Cahaba, Ala., and died there April 18, 1853. 
 
 King, William S., was born at Malone, N. Y., 
 December 16, 1828; attended the common schools; 
 engaged in farming; postmaster of the House of 
 Representatives in the Thirty-seventh, Thirty- 
 eighth, Fortieth, Forty-first, and Forty-second 
 Congresses; elected a Representative from jNIinne- 
 sota to the Fortv-fourth Congress as a Republican: 
 died in 1900. 
 
 Kingsbury, William W., was born at To- 
 wauila, I'a., June 4, 1828; received a public school 
 education; moved to Eudion, Minn.; member of 
 the Territorial legislature 1855-56; delegate to the 
 State constitutional convention; elected a delegate 
 from Minnesota Territorv to the Thirt-\--fifth Con- 
 
 Kinloch, Francis, was born at Charleston, 
 8. (^., March 7, 1755; a Delegate from South Caro- 
 lina to the Continental Congress 1780-81; died at 
 Charleston. S. C, February 8, 1826. 
 
 Kinnard, George L., was born in 1803; re- 
 ceived a liberal education; moved to Indianapolis, 
 Ind.; held .several local offices; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Indiana to the Twenty-third Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; reelected to the Twenty- 
 fourth Congress, serving until his death, December 
 2, 1833. 
 
 Kinney, John Fitch, was born at New Haven, 
 
 N. Y., April 2, 1816; received a liberal educaticju; 
 studied law and adnnttcd to tlie bar in 1837; 
 UKjved to Marysville, Ohio, where he l:)egan prac- 
 tice; moved to Mount Vernon in 1839, and moved 
 to Lee County, Iowa, in 1844; judgeof the supreme 
 court of Iowa 184()-1853; chief justice of the 
 supreme court of Utah 1854-1857; moved to Ne- 
 braska and resumed practice in 1857; chief justice 
 of the supreme court of Utah 1860-18(53; elected 
 a Delegate from Utah to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat. 
 
 Kinsella, Thomas, was born in Ireland in 
 18.32; attended the common schools; engaged in 
 newspajier work; elected a Representati\'e from 
 New York t(_) the Forty-second Congress as a 
 Democrat; died at Brooklyn, N. Y., February 11, 
 1884. 
 
 Kinsey, Charles, was a native of Paterson, 
 N. .1.; received a liberal education; elected a Reji- 
 resentative from New Jersey to the Fifti'enth an<l 
 Sixteenth Congresses. 
 
 Kinsey, James, was born at Philadelphia, Pa., 
 March 22, 1731; received a limited education; 
 elected a Delegate from New Jersey to the (.\)nti- 
 nental Congress 1774-75; appointed chief justice of 
 New- Jersey in 1789; died at Burlington, N. J., 
 January 4, 1803. 
 
 Kinsey, William M. , of St. Louis, Mo., was 
 born at Blount Pleasant, Jeffer.son County, Ohio, 
 of Quaker parentage; educated at Ilopeilale 
 Academy, Harrison County, Ohio, and Monmouth 
 College, Illinois; became a resident of Muscatine 
 County, Iowa, in 1863; studied law at the Iowa 
 State University in 1871; admitted to the bar, and 
 practiced law- in Iowa; moved to St. Louis and 
 engaged in the practiceof law; elected to the Fifty- 
 first Congress as a Rejiublican. 
 
 Kinsley, Martin, was born at Bridgewater, 
 Mass., June 2, 1754; graduated from Harvard Col- 
 lege in 1778; studied medicine; [jurveyor of sup- 
 plies in the Revolutionary Army; served thirty 
 years as a member of the State house of rejire- 
 sentatives; held local offices; elected a Rejiresent- 
 ative from Massachusetts to the Si.xteentli Con- 
 gress and defeated for reelection. 
 
 Kirkland, Joseph, was born at Old Norwich, 
 Conn., Jamiai-y 18, 1770; graduated from Yale in 
 1790; studied law and began practice at New Hart- 
 ford, N. Y. ; member of the State house of i'ei>re- 
 sentatives 1804-5; moved to Utica; again a mem- 
 ber of the State house of representatives 1818, 
 1820, 1821, and 1825; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Seventeenth Congress; 
 mayor of Utica 1832, 1834, and 1835; died at Utica 
 January 26, 1844. 
 
 Kirkpatrick, Littleton, was born at New 
 Brunswick, N. J., October 19, 1797; graduated 
 from Princeton College in 1815; studied law and 
 began practice in his native town; elected a Rep- 
 re.sentative from New Jersey to the Twenty-eighth 
 Congress as a Democrat; died at Saratoga Sprintts, 
 N. Y., August 15, 1859. 
 
 Kirkpatrick, Snyder S., of Fredonia, Kans., 
 was born in Franklin County, III., February 21, 
 1848; attendi'd the common schools; engaged in 
 mercantile business in 1865; entered thelaw school 
 at Ann Arbor, Jlich., in 1867; returning to Illi- 
 nois, admitted to the bar by the supreme conri of 
 Illinois in July, 1868; moved to Kan.sas in 1873, 
 locating in Ftedonia; engaged in the practice of 
 law; elected county attorney of Wilson County in 
 
638 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIKKCTiiRY. 
 
 1879; elected to the State senate; electoil to the 
 Fifty-fourth Connross as a Itopublicau; resumed 
 the praotiee of law. I 
 
 Kirkpatrick, William, was horn at Amwell, 
 X. .1., NiivvihIiit, 17I1S; i;raiUiatfii fniiii I'riuretdn 
 t'olli'^re ill 17SS; studied nifdicine ami practircd 
 at Amwell; movej toHaliiia, X. Y., in lS()(i; elecU'd 
 a Kepresentative from Xew York to the Tenth 
 Congress; died at Salina, X. Y., September 2, 1832. 
 
 Kirkpatrick, William Sebringr, of Kastoii, 
 Ta., was born llu-re April •."!, 1S44: eihu-ated 
 at L;ifavettet'ollene; studied law; admitted to the 
 bar October 2, ISli"!; solicitor of I'.aston: prcsident- 
 ji:d;_'e of the third judicial district; presi<lcd over 
 the Uepidiliian State convention of ISS2 as tem- 
 iiorarv chairman; deletiati" to the national Hepub- 
 lican "eonveiition at Chicago in I.H84; ajipointed 
 attorney-tieueral of I'ennsylvania by (iovernor 
 Beaver; lecturer on numicipal law in Lafayette 
 Collepe; trustee of that institution; electe<l to the 
 Fifty-fifth Congress as a Kepul)lican; resumed the 
 practice of law at I'^aston, Pa. 
 
 Kirkwood, Samuel J., \va.9 born in Harford 
 County, Md., hncndHT 20, ISl.'i; receivc(l a liin- 
 ited education at the academy <if .John M( Leod in 
 Washington City; moveil tl> Richland diunty. 
 Ohio, in KS:i."->. aiid studied law there; admitted to 
 the liar in 1S4:!; idecteil prosecuting attorney in 
 1S4,5 and again in 1847; mendn'rof the convention 
 that formed the present constitution of the State 
 of Ohio in 18.10 and bS.">l; moved to .Johnson 
 County, Iowa, in 18.5.'); elected to the State senate 
 in 18.51); elected governor in 18.=)'.t and again in 
 1,861; nominated by Tresiilent Lincoln and con- 
 firmed as minister "to Denmark, in bsti:!, but (le- 
 cline<l the appoinlmeid; elected to the l'nite<l 
 States Senate to I 11 the unexpired term of Hon. 
 .lames Harlan in IStit;; again elected governor of 
 Iowa in 187.'), and resigneil that ollice in .lamiary, 
 1877; elected to the I'liited States .Senate as a Ke- 
 publican in .hmuary, lS7t), serving from March 4, 
 1877, to March ."i, ISSl, wlien he resigned to become 
 Secretary of the Interior, which he resigned .\pril 
 6, 1882; died Fel>ruary 1. 1S94, at Iowa City, Iowa. 
 
 Kirtland, Dorrance, was a native of Cox.-ackie, 
 X. Y.; graduated from YaleCollegein 1789; elected 
 a Representative from Xew York to the Fifteenth 
 Congress. 
 
 Kitchell, Aaron, was born at Hanover, N'. .1., 
 .luly 1(1, 1744; received a lindted education; was a 
 blacksmith; elected a Representative from Xew 
 .Jersey to the Second Congress as an .\nti-Feder.il- 
 ist; reelected to the Third and Fourth Conirresses; 
 again electeil to the Sixth Congress; elected a 
 Unileil States Senator from Xew .lersey, serving 
 from l)ecend)er2, l.sO."i, to 180(1, when ln' resigne(l; 
 Presidential elector on the Monroe and Tompkins 
 ticket in 1817; died at Hanover, X.,J.,.hu>e2.5, 1820. 
 
 Kitchen, Bethuel M., wiu- born in Berkeley 
 County, W. Va., .March 21, 1812; re«'eived a linuted 
 eilucation; farmer; served in the State legislature 
 18Hl-()2, ami Stale senate I864-t).'); eleclecl to the 
 Thirtv-eight h ('ongres.s, but not a<hnitled ; reelected 
 to the Fortieth Congress from West \'irginia as a 
 Republican. 
 
 Kitchin, Claude, of Scotland Xeek, N. C.,was 
 born in llalilax Comity, .\. C., near Scotland 
 Neck, March 24, 18()>t; graduated from Wake For- 
 est College in June, 18.88; ailmitted to the bar in 
 Sept<'niber, 1,8'tO; )>nu'tii'eil law at Scotlaml Xeck; 
 electeil to the p^ifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Con- 
 gresses a.s a Democrat. 
 
 Kitchin, William H., was born in Ijiuderdale 
 
 Countv. Ala.. December 22, 18:i7; his i)arent.s 
 nioveii back to N<jrth Carolina in 1841; educated 
 at Kmiiry and Henry College in western \irginia; 
 left college in .Vpril," 18()1, to enlist in tlu' Confed- 
 erate armv; made captain in bSti:! and served 
 through the war; studied law and licensed to 
 [iractice in 18t)9; elected to the Forty-sixth Coii- 
 gre.s-i as a Democrat; died February 2, 1!M)2. 
 
 Kitchin, William Walton, of Roxbom, X. ('., 
 was born near Scotland Xeck, N. ('., October 9. 
 l,8l)t); graduated from Vine Hill .\cadeiiiy anil 
 Wake Forest College in 1884; eilited the Scotland 
 .Veck Democrat in 18,8.5; after studying law ail- 
 mitted to the bar in 1887; located at Roxboro in 
 .lanuary, 1.'>H8; chairman of the county executive 
 committee in 1.S90; nominee of bis partvforthe 
 State senate in l.><92; elected to the Fi'lty-fifth, 
 Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Con- 
 gres.'^es as a Democrat. 
 
 Kittera, John W., wa>j a native of Pennsyl- 
 vania; graduated from Princeton College in 177t); 
 studii'd law ami practiced; elected a Ri-prcsenta- 
 tive from Pennsylvania to the Second Congress aa 
 a Federalist: reelected to the Third. Fourth. Fifth, 
 and .'-^ixth Congresses. 
 
 Kittera, Thomas, was a native of Pennsylva- 
 nia; receiveil a liberal education; studied law and 
 liegan practice at Philadelphia; elected a Rei)re- 
 sentative from Pennsylvania to the Xineteenth 
 Conirress, vice Joseph Hemphill, resigned; died 
 at Philadelphia, June HI, 18;{9. 
 
 Kittredge, Alfred Beard, of Sioux Falls, S. 
 Dak., was Ixirn in Cheshire County, X. II., March 
 28, IStil; graduated from Y'ale College in 18,82, and 
 from the law school in 1SS5; began the practice of 
 law at Sioux Falls: appointed to the I'niteil States 
 Senate as a Republican. .Inly 11, 1901, to succeed 
 the Hon. James H. Kyle, dece;i.sed: took his seat 
 December 2, 1901; reelected in 1903 for the term 
 ending March 3, 1909. 
 
 Kittredge, George W., wiisa native of Kppiug, 
 X. II.; received a libi-ral education; studied med- 
 icine and practiced at Xewmarket; iiienil>er of the 
 State house of representatives three years, one 
 year a.s sjjcaker; elected a Repri'seiitative from 
 Kew Hampshire to the Thirty-third Congre.-*' as an 
 anti-Xebraska Democrat; defeated as the Deiiio- 
 
 I eratic candidate forreelection; died at Xewmarket, 
 
 I X. H., January 2.5, 1.H78. 
 
 j Kleberg, Rudolph, of Cuero, Tex., wa- bom 
 June 2i;. 1S47. in .\ustin County. Tex.; rtveived a 
 liberal education at private schools; joined Tom 
 ( ireeii's brigade of cavalry in the Confederate army 
 in the spring of 1.8()4. and served until the close of 
 the war; completed liis education; ■-tudied law in 
 San .\ntonio. Tex., and admitted to the bar in 1872; 
 established the Cuero Star in 187:!: elected county 
 attornev in 1870; reelected in 187S, and practiced 
 law; elected to theStatesenateasa Democrat in 1882; 
 appointeil Fnited States attornev for the western 
 district of Texas in bH,85; elected on April 7, 189H, 
 to till the vacancy caused by the death of his 
 partner; elected tothe Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and 
 Fifty-seventh Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Kleiner, John J., of Evansville. Ind., vaa 
 born at West Hanover, Pa., February 8, 184.5; 
 manufacturer and dealer in hard-wood himl>cr; 
 served in the fnion Army l.'itilS-tM: niemlier of 
 the citv council of Kvansvllle in 1873; mayor of 
 luansville 1874-18,80; elected to the Forty-eighth 
 and Forty-ninth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
BIOGRAPHIKS. 
 
 (i39 
 
 Klotz, Robert, was bnrn in Northampton 
 (now C'arlinn) County. October 27, 1819; received 
 avery limited education; elected tirst register and 
 recorder of Carbon County in 1843; elected lieu- 
 tenant of Company K of the Second Reg;iment of 
 Pennsylvania Volunteers in 1846, in the Mexican 
 war; electeii to the State house of representatives 
 in 184S, and reelected in 1849; went to Kansas in 
 1855; member of the Topeka constitutional con- 
 vention, servinjj as the tirst secretary of state; 
 brigadier-general under the Robinson government; 
 elected treasurer of Carbon County in 1859; en- 
 tered the Union Army in 1861 ; again in the service 
 as colonel of the Nineteenth Regiment, at Cham- 
 bersburg, in 1862, in the emergency; trustee of the 
 Lehigh Ijniversity at Bethlehem; elected to the 
 Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses as a 
 Democrat; died May 1, 1895. 
 
 Kluttz, Theodore Franklin, was born at Salis- 
 bury, llowan County, N. ('., October 4, 1848; 
 received his eilucation in schools of his native 
 county; presiding justice of the inferinr court in 
 18S4 and resigned; Democratic elector in T.'^SO and 
 again in 1896; president of the Davis &. Wiley 
 (State) Bank; vice-president of the SalisVjury cot- 
 ton mills; elected to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, 
 and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Knapp, Anthony Xi. , was liorn at Jliddletown, 
 N. Y., June 14, 182S; moved with his parents to 
 Illinois in 1839; received a liberal education; 
 studied law, and moved to .Terseyville in 1849, 
 where he was admitted to the bar; member of the 
 State senate 1859-1861; elected a Representative 
 from Illinois to the Thirty-seventh Congress (vice 
 J. A. IMcClernand, resigned) as a Democrat; re- 
 elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress. 
 
 Knapp, Charles, was born at Colchester, Del- 
 aware County, N. Y., Octobers, 1797; received a 
 limited education; member of the legislature of 
 New York in 1841; moved to Deposit, Delaware 
 County, N. Y., in 1848, and organized the Deposit 
 Bank in 1854; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Forty-first Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Knapp, Charles Junius, of Deposit, N. Y., 
 was bcirn at Pepact<in. Delaware County, N. Y., 
 June 30, 1S45; graduated from Hamilton College 
 in 1866; engaged in the banking business; presi- 
 dent of the board of education; elected supervisor 
 in 1885 and 1886; member of the State legislature 
 in 1886 and 1888; elected to the Fifty-first Congress 
 as a Republican; moved to BinghamtDn, N. Y. ; 
 president of the Binghamton Trust Company. 
 
 Knapp, Charles Luniau, of Lowville, N. Y., 
 was born at Harris! lurg, Lewis County, N. Y., 
 July 4, 1847; educated at Lowville Academy and 
 Rutgers College, New .Tersey, graduating from the 
 latter in 1869; studied law; admitted to the bar, 
 and began jiractice at Lowville in 1873; elected to 
 the State senate in 1885; served dui'ing 1886 and 
 1887; appointed by President Harrison consul- 
 general to Montreal in 1889 and served until Sep- 
 tember, 1893, when he returned to Lowville and 
 resumed the practice of his profession; elected to 
 the Fifty-seventh Congress as a Republican No- 
 vember 5, 1901, to fill the vacancN' caused by the 
 death of Hon. A. D. Shaw, and reelected to the 
 Fifty-eighth Congress. 
 
 Knapp, Chauncey L. , was born at Berlin, Vt., 
 February 26, 1809; received a liberal education; 
 learned the art of printing; engaged in newspaper 
 work; secretary of state of Vermont 1836-1840; 
 moved to Massachusetts and located at Lowell; 
 
 elected a Representative from Massachusetts to the 
 Thirty-fourth Congress as an American; reelected 
 to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican; 
 resumed newspaper work on the Lowell News. 
 
 Knapp, Robert M. , was a native of .Tersey- 
 ville, 111.; received a liberal education; studied 
 law and liegan practice at Jerseyville; elected a 
 Representative from Illinois to the Forty-third 
 Congress as a Democrat; again elected to the 
 Forty-fifth Congress. 
 
 Knickerbocker, Herman, was born at Albany, 
 N. Y., July 27, 1782; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; studied law and began practicing at Al- 
 bany, N. Y. ; moved to Schaghticoke, near Albany, 
 and Vjecame known as "the Prince of Schaghti- 
 coke" on account of his liV)erality; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New York to the Eleventh Con- 
 gress as a Federalist; served in the State legislature 
 in 1816; died at Williamsburg, N. Y., January 30, 
 1855. 
 
 Knigrht, Jonathan, was born in Bucks County, 
 Pa., November 22, 1787; moved with his parents 
 to East Bethlehem in 1801; attended the common 
 schools; became a civil engineer; member of the 
 State house of representatives 1822-1828; ap- 
 pointed chief engineer of the Baltimore and Ohio 
 Railroad Comjiany; elected a Reiiresentative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a 
 Whig; became a farmer; died at East Bethlehem, 
 Pa., November 22, 1858. 
 
 Knig-ht, Nehemiah, was a native of Rhode 
 Island ; electeii a Rejiresentative from Rhode Island 
 to the Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth Congresses as a 
 Federalist; died in 1808. 
 
 Knig-ht, Nehemiah R. , was bom at Cranston, 
 R. I., Decemljer31, 17811; received a liberal edu- 
 cation; member of the State house of representa- 
 tives in 1802; elected a clerk of the court of common 
 jileas 1805; moved to Providence; clerk of tlie court 
 1812-1817; governor of Rhode Island May, 1817- 
 January 9, 1821, as an Anti-Federalist; collector of 
 customs at Providence; elected a United States 
 Senator from Rhode Island as a AVhig (vice James 
 Burrill, jr. , deceased), and was three times — the last 
 time as a National Republican — elet'ted, serving 
 from January 20, 1821, to March 3, 1841; delegate 
 to the State constitutional convention in 1842; died 
 at Providence, R. I., April 19, 1854. 
 
 Knott, J. Proctor, of Lebanon, Ky., was Ijorn 
 August 29, 18.30, near Lebanon, Ky.; studied law; 
 moved to Mis.^'onri in I\Iay, 18.5(1, and admitted 
 to the bar in 1851; elected to the State house of 
 representatives in Missouri in 1857 and resigned in 
 August, 1859; appointed attorney-general for j\Iis- 
 souri in the same month; unanimously nominated 
 for the same position by the Democratic conven- 
 tion and elected in August, 1862; returned to Ken- 
 tucky and commenced the practice of law in 
 Lebanon in 1863; member of the Fortieth, Forty- 
 first, and Forty-fifth Congresses, and reelected to 
 tlie Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses as 
 a Democrat; governor of Kentucky 1883-1887; 
 delegate to Kentucky constitutional convention 
 1891; professor of civics and economics, Centre 
 College, 1892-1894. 
 
 Knowles, Freeman, of Deadwood, S. Dak., 
 was born at Harmony, Me., Octolier 10, 1846; edu- 
 cated at iiloomfield Academy, Skowhegan, Me.; 
 enlisted in the Sixteenth Maine Regiment June 16, 
 1862; served three years and nineteen days in the 
 .\rmy of the Potomac; captured at the battle of 
 Reams Station August 18, 1864, and kept a pris- 
 
640 
 
 C»»N(»KKHS1<)NAL UIKKCTUKY. 
 
 oner at LiMiv, Bflle Island, and Salipbury, N. C, | 
 until the wiir cliwil; inoveil to Denison, Iowa; 
 admitted to tlic liar in A|>ril, ISlitI; ninvfd to Nc- 
 liniskaanil Ixvan the |iid)liiutioii of tlic t'lTcsco 
 Times; niovedtollie Itlack llillsin IssSand liejjan 
 til.- puMication of tlie Meade Connty Times at 
 Tilford: moved his |ilaiil to DeadwcKxl ami liejjan 
 the pnhlieation of the Kveniiig Indejiendent; 
 elected to the Kifty-liflh Cougress as a I'oimlist; 
 resumed newspaper work. ' 
 
 Knowlton, Ebenezer, was a native of New 
 Hampshire; rei'eivi'd a liheral education; studied 
 theolojjy; moved to South Montville, Me.: mem- 
 ber of the State house of re^>re.•'eMtatives IS44- 
 l.^-iO, and sers-eil as speaker ni 181-1; elected a 
 Kei>resentative from Maine to the Thirty-fourth 
 C'oMfiress as a Ui'puhliean. 
 
 Knox, James, was born at Canajoharie, X. Y., 
 Julv 4, 1.S(I7; L'ladualed from Yale College in lS;iO; 
 studied law. and in is:>:! bejiau practieinsat I'tica; 
 moveil to Illinois in ls:!(i, when he founde<l the 
 town of Knoxville; became a farmer; deleirate to 
 the State constitutional conveutiou in IS47; elected 
 a lvei>resentative from Illinois to the Thirty-third 
 and Thirtv-lourth Congresses as a Whit; ; died at 
 Knoxville", 111., October 8, IHTti. 
 
 Knox, Samuel, re.«ide<l at St. I.ouis, Mo., and 
 received a limited edncaliou; wa-« elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Missouri to the Thirty-eif,dith Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Knox, William Shadrach, of Lawrence, Mass., 
 was born at KillinLily, Coini., Wei)tend)er 10, 184:!; 
 went to Lawrence w hen '■' years of aj;e; graduated 
 from .\niherst CoUegi' in 180."); admitted to Kssex 
 bar in November, 18(>(), and practiced law; mem- 
 lier of the Ma.ssachn.setts house of ri'presentatives 
 1874-75; citv solicitor of Lawrence in 187-"), 18711, 
 1887-18;K); president of the .\rlington Natioiuil 
 Bank of Lawrence; elected to the iMlty-fonrth, 
 Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Con- 
 gresses as a Republican. 
 
 Koontz, William H., was born at Somerset, 
 Pa., July b"), ls:!il, received a liberal education; 
 stiulied "law and ailmilted to the bar; for three 
 years district attorney for Somerset County; 
 elected a Represetitative from I'ennsylvania to the 
 Thirty-ninth Ci>ngre,>is !w a Ilepubliean: reelected 
 to the Fortieth Congres.-i. 
 
 Krebs, Jacob, wa.s a native of I'ennsylvania; 
 receiveil a public si'hool education; resided at 
 Orwigsbnrg; elected a Representative from Penn- 
 sylvania to the Nineteenth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat, vice Henry Wilson, deeeiised. 
 
 Kremer, George, was born in Dauphin County, 
 I'a., in 177i; received a limited eilucation; elected 
 a Repre.-^entative from Pennsylvania to the F.ight- 
 eenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses. 
 
 Kribbs, G. F., of Clarion, Pa., wjis born in 
 Clarion Comity, Pa., Novend>er8, I84ii, on the farm 
 on which he was brought up; attended the country 
 schools, working on the f;irm during the summer: 
 graduateil from .Muhlenberg College, .Vllentown. 
 Pa., in 187:5; sludieil law and admitted to prac- 
 tieein IX'h; edited theClariou Democrat from 1877 
 to 188'.t; elected to the Fifly-sei-oud CoiiL're.ss a-s a 
 Democrat, ami reelected t'o the Fifty-thinl Con- 
 gress; resunieil the practice of law at Clarion. 
 
 Kuhns, Joseph H., was a native of Peunsyl- 
 vania; elected a Represi'ntative from T'ennsylvania 
 to the Thirty-sei-ond Coiigre.-sasa Whig; defeated 
 for the Thirty-thinl Congress. 
 
 Kulp, Monroe H., of Shamokin, Pa., wa.H bom 
 at Harlo, Uerks Connty. Pa., October •_':!. 18.i8; 
 educated in the public s<-hools of Shamokin, the 
 State Normal College, lA-banoi., Ohio, and Kdtil- 
 man lUisiness College, Ponghkeejisie, N. Y.; after 
 grailuating from tlie latter institution he took 
 charge of the books of the linn of Kulp, McWil- 
 liams i^ Co., and coiitinueil in that ]iosititin until 
 the dissolution of the linn in 188G; elected to the 
 Fifty-fourth and Filty-lifth Congre.s.-'es as a Repub- 
 lican; devoted himself to his lumber businesj*. 
 
 Kunkel, Jacob M., was born at Frederick, 
 .Md.,.lnly L':i, 18i;:i; graduated from the I'luversity 
 of \'irginia in 184;i; studied law and began prac- 
 tice at Fi'cdcrii-k in 184t): ele<ted a State senator 
 in 18.'>(); eleiled a Ri^presentative from .Maryland 
 to the Thirty-lift h Congress as a Democrat, and 
 reelected to the Thirty-sixth Congress; delegate to 
 the loyalist convention at Philadelphia in 186ti; 
 died at Frederick, Md., April 9, 1870. 
 
 Kunkel, John C. , was born at Marrisbiirg, Pa., 
 September 18. 18H); received a lilieral edmation; 
 studie(l law ami began practice at Harrisburg; 
 elected a Representative from Pi'nnsylvania to the 
 Thirty-fourth t ongre.^s as a Whig, and reele<-te<l 
 to the Thirtv-tifth Congress; died at Harrisburg, 
 Pa., October 14, 1870. 
 
 Kurtz, William H., was a native of York, Pa.; 
 received a limilril cdn<ation; elected a Re]present- 
 ative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-se<'ond 
 Congress as a Democrat, and reelectwl to the Thirty- 
 thinl Congress. 
 
 Kuykendall, Andrew J., was born in (ialla- 
 tin County, 111., March 8, 181.5; received a linnted 
 education; studied law and began practice at 
 Vieinia; a member of the .State house of repre- 
 sentatives 184L'-184t), and of the State .-enate I8.'>0- 
 18()2; serveil one year in tliel'nion .\rmy as major 
 of the Thirty-first Illinois Volunteers; elected a 
 Rei)resentative from Illinois to the Thiity-ninth 
 j Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Kyle, John Curtis, of .Sardis, Panola Comity, 
 .Miss., was born .Inly 17, 1.8.M; eduiatdl at Rethel 
 College and tinnberland I'niversity. graduating 
 with the degree of LL. B. in 1874, and l)egan the 
 practice of law; elei'tetl mayor of .Sardis in 187!); 
 - elected to the State senate in l.SSl; mendier of the 
 Mississippi railroad commission; chairman of the 
 .State Democratic executive eouimittee; elected to 
 the Fifty-second, Fifty-third, and Fifty-fourth 
 Congres.ses as a Democrat. 
 
 Kyle, Thomas Barton, of Troy, Ohio, was 
 born at Troy, .March 10, 18.')li; son of Lieut. Rarton 
 S. Kyle, of the Seventy-first Ohio Volunteer In- 
 fantry, who was killeii at the battle of Shiloh; 
 1 educati'd in the imblic schools of Troy anil Dart- 
 I mouth College; aihnitted to the bar in 1,S84, and 
 elected prosecuting attorney of Miami Connty ill 
 ' 18!K); president of the board of eilucation of Troy; 
 elecltil to the Fifty-seventh and I'ifty-eighth Con- 
 gresses a< a Reimblican. 
 
 Kyle, James Henderson, was born nearXenia, 
 
 Ohio, Fibruary L'4, 18.')4; entered the College of 
 
 Illinois iti 1871. but left in 1873 to enter 01)erlin 
 
 College; gnulnated in 1878; prepared for admis- 
 
 I sion to the bar, but entereil the Western Tlieo- 
 
 I hvgieal .Seminary at Allegheny. Pa, graduating in 
 
 1882; pastor of Congreg-.itional chinches at F,clio 
 
 I and Salt i^ike City, I'tah, fr.mi 18.82 to 1.88.">; 
 
 resided at Ipswich and .\berdeen. S. Dak.; elected 
 
 to the Slati' .senate on the ludependi-nt ticket in 
 
 ISSK); elected iis an IndeiJendent to the Cnitcd 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 641 
 
 States Senate to succeed Gideon C. Moody; took 
 his seat March 4, 1891 ; reelected in 1897, serving 
 until his death, July 1, 1901. 
 
 Labranche, Alceo, was a native of New Or- 
 leans, La.; c-hargL^ d'affaires to Texas March 7, 
 1837, to April 2, 18-10, when he resigned; elected 
 a Re|iresentative from Louisiana as a Democrat to 
 the Twenty-eighth t'ongress. 
 
 Lacey, Edward S., of Charlotte, Mich., was 
 born at Chili, Monroe County, N. Y., November 
 26, 1S3.T; moved to Branch Count v, Mich., in Oc- 
 tober, 1842, and to Eaton County in ]\Iarch, 1843; 
 educated in the ]iublic .schools and at Olivet Col- 
 lege; engaged in bushiess pursuits, but more par- 
 ticularly in banking; elected register of deeds for 
 Eaton County in 1860 and 1862; trustee of the 
 Michigan Asylum for the Insane from 1874 to 1880; 
 delegate to tlie national Re]>ublican convention in 
 1876; nominated by acclamation and elected to the 
 Forty-seventh Congress as a Republican, and re- 
 elected to the Forty-eighth Congress. 
 
 Lacey, John Fletcher, .of Oskaloosa, Iowa, 
 was born at New Martinsville, Va. (now West Vir- 
 ginia), Ma)' 30, 1841; moved to Iowa in 1855; re- 
 ceived a common-school and acadenuc education; 
 enlisted iu Company 11, Third Iowa Infantry, in 
 May, 1861, and afterwards served in Company I), 
 Thirty-third Iowa Infantry, as sergeant-major, and 
 as lieutenant in Company C of that regiment; pro- 
 moted to assistant adjutant-general fju the staff of 
 Brig. Gen. Samuel A. Rice, and after that officer 
 was killed in battle was assigned to duty on the 
 staff of Maj. Gen. Frederick Steele; served in the 
 Iowa legislature one term, in 1870; temporary 
 chairman of Iowa Republican convention in 1898; 
 served in city council; one term as city solicitor of 
 Oskaloosa; lawyer, and author of Lacey's Railwa)' 
 Digest and Lacey's Lnva Digest; elected to the 
 Fifty-first, Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, 
 Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Con- 
 gresses as a Republican. 
 
 Lacock, Abner, was born in Virginia in 1770; 
 attended the public schools; moved to Beaver 
 County, Pa. ; served several terms in both branches 
 of the legislature; elected a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania as a Democrat to the Twelfth Con- 
 gress; United States Senator from Pennsylvania 
 1813-1819; president of the Pennsylvania and Ohio 
 Canal Companv; died at Freedom, Pa., April 12, 
 1837. 
 
 Ladd, George W., was born at Augusta, Me., 
 September 28, 1818; jirepared for a collegiate 
 education, but owing to the death of his father, 
 was oljliged to serve six years a.s an apprentice in 
 the apothecary business; at 20 years of age com- 
 menced liusiness for himself at Bangor, but retired 
 from same on account of ill health; engaged in the 
 lumlier and commission business in connection 
 with the wholesale grocery business; elected to 
 the Forty-sixth Congress as a Greenl)ack Demo- 
 crat, and reelected to the Forty-seventh Congress; 
 died January 31, 1892. 
 
 La Dow, George A., was born in Cavuga 
 County, N. Y., Jlarch 18, 182S; moved to'Mc- 
 Henry Coimty, III.; attended the public schools; 
 studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1850; 
 commenced practice in 1851 in Wisconsin; elected 
 district attorney in 1860; moved to Minnesota in 
 1862; State representative in 1867; moved to 
 Oregon in 1869; State representative in 1872; 
 elected a Representative from Oregon as a Repub- 
 lican to the Forty-fourth Congress, but died May 
 8, 1875, before taking his seat. 
 
 Laffoon, Polk, of Madison ville, Ky., was born 
 in Hopkins County, Ky., October2-i, 1844; received 
 a common school education; entered the Confed- 
 erate army as a member of the Eighth Confed- 
 erate Infantry; captured at Fort Donelson on 
 February 16, 1862, and exchanged at Vicksburg 
 in Septemljer; member of ]\Iorgan's command dur- 
 ing the remainder of the war; captured at Cheshire, 
 Oliio, on the raid into that State, and confined in 
 the Pennsylvania penitentiary as a prisoner of war; 
 followed teaching for two years; studied law; ad- 
 mitted to the bar in 1867, and once county attorney 
 of his county; elected to the Forty-ninth Congress 
 as a Democrat, and reelected to the Fiftieth Con- 
 gress; resumed the jiractice of law. 
 
 Laflin, Addison H. , was born at Lee, Mass., 
 October 24, 1823; graduated from Williams Col- 
 lege in 1843; went to Herkimer County, N. Y., in 
 1849, becoming largely interested in paper manu- 
 facturing; State senator 1858-59; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New York to the Thrty-ninth, 
 Fortieth, and Forty-first Congresses as a Repub- 
 lican; appointed by President Grant naval officer 
 at New York City.' 
 
 La FoUette, Robert M., of iladison. Wis., 
 was born at the town of Primrose, Dane County, 
 June 14, 1855; received a collegiate education, 
 graduating from the University of AVisconsin in 
 Jime, 1879; lawyer; elected district attorney of 
 Dane County in 1880 and 1882; elected to the 
 Forty-ninth Congress as a Republican; reelected 
 to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses; elected 
 governor of Wisconsin in 1900; reelected in 1902. 
 
 Lagan, Matthew D. , of New Orleans, La., 
 was born in Count}- Derry, Ireland, June 20, 1829; 
 received a common school education; emigrated 
 to the United States in 1843, arriving in New 
 Orleans December 28, 1843; engaged in manufac- 
 turing and mercantile pursuits; elected to the 
 common council of the city of New Orleans in 
 1867; elected to the convention which framed a 
 constitution of the State of Louisiana in 1879; 
 again elected to common council in 1882, and 
 selected as president and acting mayor during the 
 term; elected to the Fiftieth Ci.mgress as a Demo- 
 crat, and reelected to the Fifty-second Congress. 
 
 Lahm, Samuel, was born at Leitersburg, Md., 
 April 22, 1812, receiving a limited prejiaratory 
 education; attended Washington College, Penn- 
 sylvania; moved to Indiana in 1835; admitted to 
 practice in 1836, locating at Canton, Ohio; master 
 of chancery 183(3-1839; elected prosecuting attor- 
 ney 1838-1S40; State senator in 1842; delegate to 
 the national Democratic convention at Baltimore 
 in 1844; brigadier-general in the militia; defeated 
 as the Democratic candidate to the Twenty-ninth 
 Congress, but elected to the Thirtieth Congress as 
 an Independent Democrat. 
 
 Laidlaw, William G., of Ellicottville, N. Y., 
 was born near JedVjurgh, the county town of Rox- 
 burgshire, Scotland, January 1, 1840; came with 
 his parents to the United States in 1852; received 
 a common school and academic education; studied 
 law and admitted to the bar in 1866, and practiced; 
 served two years in the U. S. Navy during the war 
 of the rebellion; school commis.sioner of the first 
 district of Cattaraugus County from 1867 to 1870; 
 asses.'ior of internal revenue of tlie thirty-fir,«t col- 
 lection district of New York during 1871; district 
 attorney of Cattaraugus County from 1872 till 1878; 
 elected to the Fiftieth Congress as a Republican, and 
 reelected to the Fifty-first Congress; resumed the 
 practice of law at Ellicottville, N. Y. 
 
 H. Doc. 458- 
 
 -41 
 
G42 
 
 OONGRKSSIONAL lUKKlToKV. 
 
 liaird, James, was born at Finvlcrville, Livings- 
 ton t'ounly, N. Y., June L'O, 1S4!I; l>ron>.'lit up in 
 Michii;;in ami oihicati'd at Adrian (.'ollf^'o and 
 Miclii^'an tnivtrsity, at Ann Arbor; (.'radnalcd 
 from tbc lawscbool of tin- Micliij;an I'nivcrsity in 
 1871; actively fn^agcil in tbi' prailiif(>f la\y; en- 
 tered the voliniti'er military service of the Inited 
 States from Mi(bis;an .hily 24, ISliL', and served 
 with the Army of the I'litoiiiai' tmlil the close of the 
 war; member of the Nebraslva constitutional con- 
 vention of IST'i; Kepulilican I'resiilciitial elector 
 from Nebraska iu l.ssi); elected to the Fiirty-ei;.'hth 
 Conpress as a Hepulilican; reelected t<i the Forty- 
 ninth. Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses; ditnl 
 Anjiust 17, ISS'.I. 
 
 Lake, William A., was a native of Maryland; 
 received a classical I'ducation; prailnated from 
 \VasluMt;ton ('olle}:e, remisylvania; studieil law 
 and admitted to the bar; State rei)resentative; 
 moved to Yicksburfr, Miss. ; State senator; elected a 
 Rei)resentative from Jlississippi to the Thirty- 
 fourth t'onure.-'S as an .\merican over Otho K. 
 Singleton, Democrat, who defeated him for reelec- 
 tion to the Thirty-fifth Congress. 
 
 Lamar, HenryG., was a native of Georgia; pur- 
 sued academic studies; studied law and admitted 
 to the bar; connnence<l practice at Macon; judge 
 of the State superior court; elected a Keiireseiita- 
 tive from Georgia to tlie Twenty-lirst and Twenty- 
 second Congresses as a Slate Kights Dennicrat. 
 
 Lamar, Lucius ftuintus Cincinnatus, was 
 born in I'utnam County, (ia., September 1, ISi'i; 
 moved to Oxford, Miss.; graduated from Emory 
 College, Oxf<jrd, Ga., in 1845; studied law at 
 Macon, an<l admitted to the bar in 1.S47; returned 
 to Oxford, Mi.ss., in 1840; served a year a.s jiro- 
 fessor of mathematics at the University of Missis- 
 sippi; moved to Covington, (ia., and elected a 
 State representative in 185:5; returne<l to l^afayette 
 County, Miss.; elected a Representative from 
 Mis-sissippi to the Tliirty-fifth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat, and reelected to "the Thirty-sixth, serving 
 until his retirement, .lamiary 12, 18()1, to become 
 a member of the secession convention of Missi.-;- | 
 sil)pi; served intheConfe<lcratearmy aslieuteuant- 
 colonel and colonel; in 18ti,'5 entered thediplomatic 
 sers-ice of the Confedera<v on a special mission to 
 Russia; in 18()t) elected professor of political 
 economy and social science at the Vniversity of 
 Mississipi)i, and in 18ti7 professor of law; elected 
 a Representative from Missis.sippi to the Fortv- 
 third Congress and also to the Forty-fourth; 
 Ignited States Senator from Mississippi 1877 to 
 March (i, 1885, resigning to acce)it the Secretary- 
 ship (if Interior; in December, 1887, appointed 
 associate justice of the Vnited States Supreme 
 Court, and connnissioned .lanuarv IH, 1888; died 
 at Vincville, (ia., .lanuary T.i, ISiia. 
 
 Lamb, Alfred W., was a native of New York; 
 attended the public schools; moveil to Hannibal, 
 Mo.; elected a Representative from Missouri to 
 the Thirty-thinl Congress as a Demoerat. 
 
 Lamb, John, of Henrico Connty, Va., was born 
 in Sus.M-x County, Va., .Inne 12, 1840; edneate<l by 
 his father, who taught a private school; served 
 through the war between the Statt's iti Company 
 P, Third Virginia Cavalry; commanded his coni- 
 ]pany thri'C years, and wonnilcd several times; 
 eiigagcil largely in business; servi'd as sheriff, 
 treiu-^urer, ami surveyor in liis county; elected to 
 the Fiftv-lifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and 
 Fifty-eighth Congre.-'ses as a Pemocrat. 
 
 Lamb, John E., of Terre Haute, Ind., was 
 born there Decendier 2(>, 1852; receiveil a jirivate 
 an<l common school education, and grmlnaled 
 from the Terre Haute high school; studied law 
 and adndtted to the bar in 187:i, and engaged in 
 the practice of his profes-^ion ; iircL-eentingattorney 
 of the fourteenth judicial circuit; candidate for 
 Presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 
 1880; elected to the Forty-eighth Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Lambert, John, was born in New ,Tersc-y in 
 174S; received an academic education; l^tate repre- 
 sentative; vice-president of the coimcil ami acting 
 governor in 1802-.!; elictcd a Re]iresentative from 
 New Jersey to the Ninth and Tenth Congre.sses; 
 elected a Senator from New Jersey for the term 
 1800-1815; died at Amwell, N. J., Feljruarv 4, 
 182;!. 
 
 Lamison. Charles N., was born in Columbia 
 Comity, I'a., in l.s2ii; privately e<lucated; admitted 
 to pnuti<e law in \V ouster, Wayne County, Ohio; 
 Iirosecuting attorney of Allen Connty for five 
 years; served in the Union Army; elei'teil a Rep- 
 re.sentative from t»hio to the Forty-second and 
 Forty-thirilCongre.s-esasal'emocrat; died in 1896. 
 
 Lamport, William H., was born at I'ittstown, 
 N. v., .M:iy 27, 1811; attended the public sihools 
 and went to fanning; supervisor of (iorhani, N. Y., 
 1S48-40; elected sheriff of t»range County in 1851; 
 elected a State assendilyman in 18.54; jircsiiient of 
 the villagi'of Canandaigua 18tii;-ii7; electe<la Ri-p- 
 rcsentative from New York to the Forty-second 
 and Fort v-t bird Congresses as a Republican; died 
 at Cananilaigua, N. Y., July 21, 1891. 
 
 Lancaster, Columbia, of St. Helena, Wash.T. ; 
 held several local offices; elected a Delegate from 
 Washington Territory to the Thirty-third Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Landers, Foanklin, was born in Morgan 
 County, Ind., March 22, 1825; atteniled the com- 
 mon schools; engaged in farming and in 1.850 en- 
 tered the dry goods trade, moving to ln<lianapolis 
 in 1805; entered the pork packing businc^'s in 187.'{; 
 State senator 18()0-18t)4; ele<-ted a Representative 
 frou\ Indiana to the Forty-fourth Congre.os as a 
 Democrat; died at Indianapolis September 10, 1901. 
 
 Landers, George M., was born at Lenox, 
 Ma.ss., February 22, 18l:{; attended the public 
 schools; moved to Hartford County, Conn., in 
 1829; engaged in the inannlacture of hanlware; 
 State representative in 1851, 1807, and 1874; State 
 senator in 185:!, 18(i9, and 187:!; State bank com- 
 missioner in 1874; elected a Representative from 
 Connecticut to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth 
 Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Landes, Silas Z., of Mount Carniel, 111., was 
 born in Augusta County, Va., May 15, 1842; 
 licensed liy the snj>reme court of Illinois to prac- 
 tice law iri .\ugust, 18(i:!: [iracticed; eleeteil State 
 attornev fc^r Wabash County in 1872. 1876, and 
 1880; elected to the Forty-ninth Congress as a 
 Democrat, and reeleited to the Fiftieth Congress. 
 
 Landis, Charles B.. of IVliihi. Ind., was born 
 Jnlv 0. In58, at Millville. Butler Connty, Ohio; 
 eilucated in the ]iulilic schools of 1.ogans)iort and 
 graduated frcm Wabash College at Crawfiirdsville, 
 Ind., in 188;!; from 188.! to 1887 editor of the 
 Logansixirt Journal, and at the tim<! of his nomi- 
 nation lor Congress was the editor of the Del|ihi 
 ( ind. ) Journal; in 18il4 'elei'teil president of the 
 Indiana Republii'an Kditorial As.«ociation ami 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 643 
 
 reelected in 1R95; elected to the Fifty-fifth Con- 
 gress as a Republican and reelected to the Fifty- 
 sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses. 
 
 Landrum, John M., was l)orn in Edgefield Dis- 
 trict, S. C. , July .S, 1.S15; received a classical edu- 
 cation, graduating from South Carolina College in 
 1842; taught school; studied law; admitted to the 
 bar and conunenced practice at Shreveport, La.; 
 elected a Representative from Louisiana to the 
 Thirty-sixth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Landry, J. Aristide, was a native of Louisiana 
 and resided at Donaldsonville; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Louisiana to the Thirty-second 
 Congress as a Whig. 
 
 IJandy, James, was born at Philadelphia, Pa., 
 October 13, 1813; attended the public schools; 
 studied law, but entered mercantile pursuits; 
 school commissioner; elected a Representative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-fifth Congress asa 
 Democrat; defeated for the Thirty-sixth Congress. 
 
 Lane, Amos, was born near Aurora, N. Y., 
 March 1, 177S; attended the public schools; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar; crimmenced 
 practice at Ijawrenceburg, Ind. ; siieaker of the 
 State house of representatives; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Indiana to the Twenty-third and 
 Twenty-fourth Congresses as a Democrat; defeated 
 for the Twenty-fifth Congress; died at Lawrence- 
 burg, Ind., September 2, 18-19. 
 
 Lane, Edward, of Hillsboro, 111., was born at 
 
 ■ Cleveland, Ohio, ilarch 27, 18-12; moved to Illinois 
 in May, 1858; received an academic education; 
 taught school; afterwards reafl law; licensed to 
 practice by the supreme court of the State of Illi- 
 nois in February, 1865, and practiced ; elected judge 
 in November, 1869; elected to the Fiftieth, Fifty- 
 first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Lane, Henry S., was born in Montgomery 
 County, Ky., February 24, 1811; received a public 
 school education; studied law, and began jiracticing 
 at Crawfordsville, Ind. ; served in the State senate; 
 elected a Representative from Indiana to the 
 Twenty-sixth Congress, vice T. A. Howard, re- 
 signed; reelected to'the Twenty-seventh Congress; 
 served in the Mexican war as lieutenant-colonel 
 of volunteers; elected governor of Indiana in 1860; 
 served two <lays and resigned to become a United 
 Senator from Indiana 1861-1867; delegate to the 
 Republican national convention at Chicago in 1868 
 and at Cincinnati in 1876; died at Crawfordsville, 
 Ind., June 11, bSSl. 
 
 ■ Lane, James Henry, was born at Lawrence- 
 burg, Ind., June 22, 1814; attended the public 
 schools; served in the city council and in the 
 Mexican war; lieutenant-governor 1849; elected a , 
 Representative from Indiana t(3 the Thirty-third 
 Congress as a Democrat; moved to Kansas; "elected 
 a United States Senator, but not recognized by 
 United Statej Senate, in 1856; elected to the United 
 States Senate as a Republican in 1861 and reelected 
 in 1S65, serv-:ng until his death, July 11, 1866, near 
 Fort Leaveuworih, Kans. 
 
 Lane, Joe B., of Davenport, Iowa, was born at 
 I>a\-enport, Iowa, JMay 6, 1858; educated in the 
 common schools of that city and at Knox College, 
 Galesburg, III.; studied law'at the State Universitv 
 of Iowa and practiced at Davenport; elected to the 
 Fifty-sixth Congress as a Reijublican. 
 
 Lane, Joseph, w'as born in Buncombe County, 
 N. C, December 14, 1801; attended the common 
 
 schools; moved to Indiana in 1S21; served in both 
 branches of the States legislature 1822-1846; served 
 in the Mexican war with distinction, being bre- 
 vetted major-general; appointed governor of Oregon 
 Territory in August, 1848, serving from March, 
 1849 to 1850; elected a Delegate from the Ten-itory 
 to the Thirty-second, Thirty-third, and Thirty- 
 fourth Congresses as a Democrat; again appointed 
 governor in 1853; elected a United States Senator 
 from Oregon, serving from F>bruary 14, 1859, to 
 1861 ; nominated for Vice-President on tlie Breck- 
 inridge Democractic ticket in 1860; died in Oregon 
 April 19, 18S1. 
 
 Lane, Lafayette (son of Joseph Lane), was 
 born in Vanderberg County, Ind., November 12, 
 1842; elected a Representative from Oregon to the 
 Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, vice Oieorge 
 A. La Dow, deceased; defeated for the F^orty-fifth 
 Congress. 
 
 { Langdon, Charles C, was born at Southing- 
 ton, Conn., August 5, 1805; received a good edu- 
 cation; moved to Perry County, Ala., in 1820, en- 
 gaging in mercantile pursuits: editor of the Mobile 
 Advertiser in 18.34; State representative in 1839, 
 1840, 1855, 1861, and 1865; unsuccessful asa Whig 
 candidate for Congress in 1850; mayor of Mobile; 
 member of the State constitutional conventions of 
 1865 and 1878; claimed to have been elected a 
 Representative from Alabama to the Thirty-ninth 
 Congress, but denied admittance; appointed State 
 secretarv of state in 1885, and elected in 1886 and 
 1888; died June 8, 1889. 
 
 Langdon, Chauncey, was a native of Ver- 
 mont; i)ursued classical studies; graduated from 
 Yale in 1787; several years State^ representative 
 and State councilor; elected a Representative 
 from Vermont to the Fourteenth Congress as a 
 Federalist. 
 
 Langdon, John, was born at Portsmouth, 
 N. II., June 25, 1741; attended the public schools 
 and engaged in mercantile pursuits; prominent 
 in ante-Revolutionary affairs ami during the war; 
 Delegate from New Hampshire to the Continental 
 Congress 1775-76 and in 1783; served several terms 
 as .speaker of the State house of representatives; 
 president of New^ Hampshire in 1785; delegate to 
 the Federal constitutional convention in 1787; 
 governor in 1788, 1805, 1809, and ISIO-II; twice 
 elected a Senator from New Hampshire, serving 
 from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1801, and its 
 President; declined the offer of the Secretaryship 
 of the Navy in 1811 and the Democratic nomina- 
 tion for Vice-President in 1812; died at Ports- 
 mouth, N. H., September 18, 1819. 
 
 Lang-don, Woodbury, was born at Ports- 
 mouth, N. H.,in 1739; attended the public schools; 
 engaged in mercantile i>ursuits; prominent in pre- 
 Revolutionary affairs; Delegate to the Continental 
 Congress 1779-80; executive councilor 1781-1784; 
 judge of the State supreme court in 1782 and 
 1786-1790; died at Portsmouth, N. H., Januarv 13 
 1805. 
 
 Langston, John M. , was born in Louisa 
 County, Va., December 14, 1829; educated in the 
 schools of Ohio; graduated from Oberlin College 
 in 1849 and from the theological department of 
 that institution in 1853; admitted to the bar in 
 Ohio in 18,55 and practiced; appointed inspector- 
 general of the Bureau of Freedmen, Refugees, an<l 
 Abandoned Lands in 1868; ileau of the law dejjart- 
 ment of Howard University; appointed and com- • 
 missioned by President (irant a member of the 
 board of health of tiie District of Colmnbia in 
 
(U4 
 
 CDNORKSSlDNAI. hlKKCTOKY, 
 
 1S71; ii]>|>oinli>il hy ri-i'siilcnt Hayes iniiiister 
 rt'siilciil mill ciniHiil-p'tuTuI to Haiti, Hiul I'harvi' 
 <rall'airi's to Santo Iloiiiiiipi; clntt'il vict'-iircsiiiciit 
 iimlaiiiiiy; prcsicii-nt ol llowanl I'niviTsily in 1X72: 
 t'K'i'ti'il |>n'siilfiit of the N'ii^iiiia Ncinual ami Co\- 
 li'jriatc liiftitntc in ISS."); ilurinj; tin- war of the 
 rclivllion took activr part in tlio riHTiiitnuMil of 
 coloml troops, rccruitinf; mainly tlu' Kifty-fonrth 
 anil l-'ifty-liftii .Massailuisott.s " ami Kiftli Ohio 
 (folonnn rt'siinu'nts; lillvil siveral tow iishipoHicrs 
 ill Ohio; t« ire eli'cti'il a ineniln'r of the couiu'il of 
 CUKMlin; incnihcr of tlu' hoanl of ('(hication oi that 
 jiUuv lor twelve years; hail srlmlarly honors con- 
 lerreil hy several colle^ies ami universities, ami re- 
 eeiveil several hmiorary nieniherships from scien- 
 titic ami literary institntions anil associations of 
 foreiijn eonntries; eleeteil to the Kifty-tirst Coii- 
 frress as a I{e|>utiliean Noveniher (">, ISSS. Imt roni- 
 jH'lleil to make a eoiilest for his seat, ami not |ier- 
 luitteil to take his plaee till .September 2:!, KSIH); 
 (lied at VVjushiniiton, 1». ('., November 15, 1897. 
 
 Langworthy, Edward, wa.>! a Delegate from 
 (ieorgia to the Continental Conj;res.s 1777-1779. 
 
 Lauham, Samuel W. T., of Weatherfonl, 
 Tex.: was Korn in Spartanhiir;; Itistriet, S. C, 
 .Inly 4, IS4ii; receiveil only a eommon sihool eilii- 
 eiition; entereil the Coiifeileratearmy w hen a hoy; 
 moveil to Tex.Hs in ISiili; stmlied law, ami ailiiiil- 
 teil to praetii-e in ISiiS); ilistriet attorney; Uemo- 
 eratie eleetor in I.SSO; eleeteil to the Forty-eighth 
 Coiii;n's,« as a Deiuoenit, ami reeleeteil to the 
 Forty-ninth, Kiftieth, Kifty-tirst, Kifty-seeond, 
 Kifty-lifth. Kifty-sixth, ami Kifty-sevetitli C'on- 
 .vresses; resinneil ,Ianiiary l-i, ItKl.i; eleeteil gov- 
 ernor of Texius Novemher 4, 1!U)L', for the term 
 commencing .laiuiary, lltOli. 
 
 Lanman. James, was horn at Norwich, Conn., 
 .Tune i:>, I7ll!i; pursned classical stmlies, graduat- 
 ing from Yale College in 17SS; stmlieil law ami 
 admitted to the bar in 17!>1, conmiencins; prac- 
 tice at Norwich; State attorney for .New London 
 County 1S14-IS1!!; State rcpre.sentative in 1S17 
 and State senator in ISliland IS.'iL'; delegate to the 
 State constitutional convention in 1S1.><; elected a 
 United States Senator from Connecticut as a Dem- 
 ocrat, serving ISlsi-lSl'.i; February 8, IS'J.'i, ap- 
 pointed hy the governor to continue after March 
 4, Imt denied admi.ssion hy the Senate: judge of 
 the .^tate superior and supreme courts 1S2I)-1.><29; 
 mayor of Norwich l.s;!l-lS,'>4: died at Norwich, 
 Conn., August 7, 1841. 
 
 liansing, Frederick, wius horn at Manheini, 
 llcrkiuier County, N. Y., Kehrnary Ii!, lS:iS; edu- 
 cated at Little Kails .Xcademy, New York: adinil- 
 ted to the liar m IS.Viaml pi-acticed: served during 
 the civil war in llu' Ivighth New York Cavalry: 
 acting adjutant of that regiment from .lune '2:i to 
 OctoU-r 11, 18l>:!: hadly wounded at the battle of 
 Bristow Station and the next year dischanged on 
 account of wounds; elected State senator in I8S1; 
 in 1883 reelected: electinl to the Kifty-tirst Con- 
 gresj< a-s a Kepuhlican; died .launary 31, 1894. 
 
 Lansing, GerritY. , wiis born at .\lbany, N. Y., 
 in 17S;i; jiursued clivvsical studies: State repn'sent- 
 ative 17!M>-1801: electiil a Uepresentative from 
 New York to the Twenty-s«H'ond Conirress a.s a 
 .lackson Democrat; elected to the Twcnty-thiiil 
 and Tweiitv-fourth Congresses; chancellor of State 
 universitv '184L'-I849; dieil at Albany, N. Y., .lan- 
 uary :!, \'s6-2. 
 
 Lansing, John, was lM>rn at .\ltoiny, N. Y., 
 .Tannary .'io, 17.'>4; Delegjite from New York to the 
 Continental Congn-s-s 1784-1788, and to the Kwl- 
 
 eral coii.stitiitional convention; .served sevenil yearn 
 as ."^tate representative; diiil at New Y'ork Citv 
 December 12, 1.S29. 
 
 Lansing, William £. , wils iHini at .Sullivan, 
 N. Y '., in 1S22; pursued ai'ademic studies; studied 
 law at I'tica, cornmeiiciiig practice at Chitteiiango 
 in I84.'>; district attorney ol .Madi.son County 184H- 
 \S^\ and clerk in l.s.')7; elected a Repre.seiitative 
 from New Y'ork to the Thirty-.seveiith, Korty- 
 .secoml,anil Korty-thinlCougresjJosas a Kepuhlican. 
 
 Lapham, Elbridge G., wju; iMirn at Kaniiing- 
 ton, N. Y'., ( )clolier IS, 1814: brought up on alarm, 
 attending the winter public schools and the Can- 
 andaigua .VcadcMiy: studied civil engineering and 
 eniployiil on the Michigiin .'Southern liailroad 
 Line; stndie<l law; admitted to the bar in 1844 
 and practiced at Canandaisina: member of the con- 
 stitutional convention of New Y'ork in lSti7: elected 
 ti) the Korty-lourtli, Korty-liftli. Korty-sixth, and 
 Forty-seventh Conuresses as a Hepnblican: eleeteil 
 to the I'nited States Senate as a Hepnblican. .Inly 
 22, 1881, in the place of KoscoeConkliiig, resigned, 
 and took his seat October 11, l.'<81. serving until 
 March 4, 18.85; returned to Canamlaigua, N. Y.; 
 practiced law until his death, .laiuiary 8, IS!h). 
 
 Lapham, Oscar, of Providence, R. L, was iHirn 
 at liurrillville, K. 1., June 29, 18:^7; educated at 
 Cniversity Oranmiar .'^chool. Providence; gradu- 
 ated from Hrown Cniversity, class of t8l>4; mem- 
 ber of hoard of trustees of that nniversity; ad- 
 mitted to the bar at Providence in .May, 18(>7, and 
 practiced: lirst lieutenant, adjutant, and captain 
 in Twelfth Hliode Island Volunteers; captain of 
 I'niversitv Cadets of Hrowu Cniversity and colo- 
 nel of I'mted Train of .\rtillery; represented city 
 of Providence in State senate l,8,>^7-,sS; iiiember 
 and treasurer Democratic l^tate central comniittee 
 1,887-1.891; Democratic candidate for Congress in 
 I.H82, 18.8(1, ami 18,S8; eleeteil to the Kifty-second 
 Congress as a Democrat, and leelecteii at a special 
 election .\pril 5, 1893, to the Kifty-thinl Congrej^s: 
 resumed the practice of law. 
 
 Laporte, John, was a native of Pennsylvania; 
 resided at Asylum: elected a Kepresentative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Twenty-third and Twenty- 
 fourth t^oncresses. 
 
 Lamed, Simon, was born at Thompson, Coiin.. 
 .\ugust \.'. 17.i:i: attended the common schools: for 
 several years sheriff of Berkshire County; elected 
 a Kepre.sentative from Massachusetts to the Kighth 
 Congress ( vice Thompson ,1. .^kinner, resignoD, 
 serving from Novemher rt. 18t)4, to 180.=i; die«l at 
 Pittstielil, Ma,s,s., November IH, 1817. 
 
 Larrabee, Charles H., was Imrn at Kome, 
 N. Y'., Noveinln'r9, l.S2(l; luoveil to Ohio, attend- 
 ing (iranville College; studied engineering and 
 law; admitted to the bar in 1,841; conunenci^l 
 practice at Pontotoc, Miss.: moveil to Chicago, 
 111., in 1844; city attorney I.Mti— 17; moved to 
 lloricon. Wis.; delegate to the State constitutional 
 convention of 1847; judge ol the third judicial cir- 
 cuit and the State supri'iue court from 1848 to 
 [ l.'<.i8, resiguins;; eU.eteil a Kepresentative from 
 Wisconsin to the Thirty-sixth Cougiv*" as a Dem- 
 iK-rat: defeated for the Thirty-seventh Congress: 
 !<erved in the I'nion .\rniy .\pril 17, 18'>1, to his 
 resignation, SeptemlK'r, I8(i;i, from lieutenant to 
 colonel; moved to S-atfle, Wash. 
 
 La Sere. Emile. was a native of Louisiana: ac- 
 
 i|uireil a good eilncalion: liH-ate<l at New Orleans: 
 
 ' cltH'ted a Kepn».sentative from l.ouisiana to the 
 
 Tweiity-iiintli Congrv-ss as a Deniwrat, viiv John 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 645 
 
 Slidell, resigned; elected to tlie Thirtieth ami 
 Thirty-first Congressea. 
 
 Lash, Israel G., was born at Bethania, N. C, 
 August is, ISIU; after working on a I'rtrni, Ijeeanie 
 a merchant, nianufactuier, and a banker at Salem 
 in 1847; elected a Representative from North 
 Carolina as a Republican to the Fortieth and 
 Forty-tirst Congresses. 
 
 Lassiter, Francis Rives, of Petersburg, Va., 
 was liorn there February IS, 186ti; educated in the 
 public schools and at the University School of 
 W. (jordon JMcCabe; graduated from several 
 academic schools, Univei-sity of Virginia 1883-84, 
 and received the degree of LL. H. from the Cniver- 
 sity of Virginia 1885; admitted to the Suffolk liar, 
 Boston, JIass., 1887, and to the Virginia barin 1888, 
 and practiced; member of the Virginia Democratic- 
 State central committee; elected city attorney in 
 1888 and reelected in 1890 and 1892;" Presidential 
 elector in 1891'; appointed United States attorney 
 for the eastern district of Virginia in 1893 and 
 resigned in 1896; defeated for the Democratic 
 nomination for attorney-general of N'irginia in 
 1897; appointed supervisor of the Twelfth Census 
 for the Fourth district of Virginia in 1899; elected 
 to the Fifty-sixth Congress to fill a vacancy; 
 reelected to the Fifty-seventh Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Latham, George R., was born in Prince 
 William County, Va.. ilarch 9, 1832; attended the 
 pulilic schools; studied law, and admitted to 
 the liar in 1859; commenced practice at Grafton; 
 serveil in the Union Army as captain of volun- 
 teers; elected a Representative from West Virginia 
 to the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican; 
 consul at ilelbourne 18ti7-1870; school superin- 
 tendent of Upshur County, W. Va., September 1, 
 1875, to August 31, 1877. 
 
 ■Latham, Louis Charles, was born at Plymouth, 
 
 N. C, Se.pteml>er 11, 1840; graduated from the Uni- 
 versity of NorthCarolina in 1859, and then attended 
 the law school at Harvard College; practiced law; 
 entered the Confederate service in Jlay or June, 
 1861, for the war, and made captain and after- 
 wai'ils major of the First North State Troops; 
 electeil to the house of commons of North Carolina 
 in 18(U; surrendered at Appomattox; elected to 
 the Senate of North Carolina in 1870; elected to 
 the Forty-seventh Congress as a Democrat; re- 
 electecl to the Fiftieth Congress; died in October, 
 1895, at the Johns Hopkins I'niversity Hospital, 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Latham, Milton S., was born at Columbus, 
 Ohio, May 23, 1827; i)ursued classical studies; 
 graduated from Jefferson College. Pennsylvania, in 
 1845; moved to Russell County, Ala. ; taught school 
 and studied law; admitted to the bar in 1848 and 
 appointed circuit court clerk; moved to San Fran- 
 cisco, Cal., in 1849; clerk of the recorder's court 
 in 1850; distriit attorney for the Sacramento dis- 
 trict in 1851; el<'cted a Representative from Cali- 
 fornia to tlie Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat, 
 declining a reelection; collector of San Francisco 
 185.5-1857; electeil governor in 1859; inaugurated 
 in .lanuary, 1860, and on January 11 elected a 
 United States Senator (vice David C. Broderick, 
 decea.sed ). taking the seat March 5, 1860, and serv- 
 ing until :\lan'h 3, 1863; president of tlie Bank of 
 California; ilied at New York City March 4, 1882. 
 
 Lathrop, Samuel, was born in Hampden 
 County, Mass., in 1771; received a classical educa- 
 tion and graduated from Yale College in 1792; 
 studied law and aiindtted to the bar; commenced 
 
 practice at West Springfield; elected a Kepresent- 
 ative from Massachusetts to the Sixteenth, Seven- 
 teenth, Eighteentli, and Nineteenth Congresses; 
 State senator for ten vears and iiresident of the 
 State senate 1829-30; " died at West Springfield, 
 Mass., July 11, 1846. 
 
 Lathrop, William, was born in Oenesee 
 County, N. Y., April 17, 1825; attended the public 
 schools; moved to Illinois and .studied law; ad- 
 mitted lo the bar in 1851; commence<l practice at 
 Rockford; State representative in 1856; elected a 
 Representiitive from Illinois to the Forty-fifth 
 Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Latimer, Asbury C, of Belton, S. C, was 
 born July 31, 1851, near Lowndesville, Abbeville 
 County, S. C. ; brought up on his father's farm; 
 spent much of his life in agricultural pursuits; 
 educatt'il in the common schools; took an active 
 jiart in the memorable campaign of 1876; moved 
 to Belton, Anderson County, in 1880; devoted his 
 energies to his farm; elected county chairman of 
 the Democratic party of his county in 1890 and 
 reelected in 1892; urged to make the race for lieu- 
 tenant-governor of his State in 1890, but declined; 
 elected to the Fifty-third, Fifty-fourtli, Fifty- 
 fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses as 
 a Democrat; elected to the United States Senate 
 for the term commencing March 4, 1903. 
 
 Latimer, Henry, was born at Newjujrt, Del., 
 A]iril 24, 1752; pursued classical studies; studied 
 meilicine at Pliiladelpbia and Fdiidnirgh; .served 
 as surgeon in the Revolutionary Army; State rep- 
 resentative; elei-ted a Representative from Dela- 
 ware to the Third Congress as a Federalist, taking 
 his seat February 14, 1794; served until February 
 28, 1795, when he entered tlie Unite<l States Senate, 
 vice George Read, resigned; reelected, serving 
 until his resignation in 1801; died at Philadelphia, 
 Pa., December 19, 1819. 
 
 Lattimore, William, was born at Norfolk, Va., 
 February 9, 1774; attemled the common .schools; 
 studied medicine; moved to Mississippi; elected a 
 Delegate from the Mississippi Territory to the 
 Eighth, Ninth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Con- 
 gresses; delegate to the constitutional convention 
 of Mississippi; died April 3, 1843. 
 
 Laurens, Henry, was born at Charleston, S. C, 
 in 1724; stu<lied in England; upon returning en- 
 tered the mercantile business; served against the 
 Cherokee Indians; visited Europel771-1774; presi- 
 dent of the ])vovincial congress; Delegate from 
 South Carolina to tlie Continental Congress 1777- 
 1780; President of it 1777-1778; elected a minister 
 to Holland by the Continental Congress October 
 21, 1779; captured on the voyage and held a pris- 
 oner in the Tower of Lonilon for fifteen months; 
 appointeil one of tlu' ])eace commissioners and 
 signed tlu' preliminary tri'aty of Paris November 
 30, 1782; returned to farming in South Carolina 
 and died at Charleston, S. C, December 8, 1792. 
 
 Law, John, was born at New London, Conn., 
 in 1796; pursued classical studies; graduated from 
 Yale College in 1814; studied law and admitted 
 to the bar in 1817, commencing jiractice at Vin- 
 cennes, Ind. ; State repre.sentative in 1823; pirose- 
 I'uting attorney and judge of the local circuit sev- 
 eral yeai-s; land-office receiver 18.38-1842; judge of 
 the court of land claims 1855-1857; moved to 
 Evansville; elected a Representative from Indiana 
 to the Thirty-seventh and Thirty-eightli Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; died at Evansville, Ind., 
 (tctober 7. 1873. 
 
(Uil 
 
 CONdKKSSIONAI. DIKKCTOKV 
 
 Law, Lyman, wiis liorii at Ni'W l-omlim, tV>nn., 
 Aus;ii.-'l I!', I77t>; |iiii-wiu'il clii-ssiriil stiiilii-!*; ({ra'i"- 
 iiteil from Yale Col Icjie in l7iU; .iluiliccl law, ami 
 aiiinitltMl t.) tlu' tmr in l7!Ki; MpcaJtor of tlu' 
 t^tate lioujJi- of re|iri'S('ntativfs; eli'cteil a Kt'prf- 
 ^•nlative from Coniu'iticiit to tlu- Twflftli, Tliir- 
 t)'('iitli,aii<l Koun«-cnlii Conjirc.-iscsas a Keilcralisit; 
 ilicil at New I.onilon, Conn., rcbniary :!, 1842. 
 
 Law, Richard, wa.'* Imrti at Milford, Conn., 
 Marcli 17. 17.'!:i; pursui'ci rliL-isical .•itiiilic.-', tiraclu- 
 at ins from Yalo ('ollcj.'!' in 17.">1: stuilicil law ami 
 admitted to tlio l>ar at New Haven in 17.")4, roni- 
 menciii^ |ira<'ti((' at New London; chief judjie 
 of the ronnty court and of thi' snjierior court in 
 17S4; niemherof the council of tlie an.><enihl_v 177l>- 
 17Sli; Delejiate to the Continental Conjires.-) from 
 (Connecticut 1777-7Sanil 17.S1-17S4: mayor of New 
 I-ondon 17S4-IS(f(); ajiixjinted chief judj.'e of the 
 superior court in May. 178i>, and Cnited Stato.s 
 district judj;e for Connecticut by I'resident Wash- 
 injiton, servinsr until his death, at New London, 
 Conn., .lanuary L'ti, jSOtl. 
 
 Lawler, Frank, wa.« born at Rocliester, N. Y., 
 .luneL'.">, 1842; attended a |mbli<'sch()ol; iiewsajrent 
 on railroad.*; learned the trade of shipbuilder; 
 elected president of the Sliipear])enters ami Sliip- 
 eaulkers' As.sociation, ami took an a<'tive part in 
 or';anizinjr trade and labor unions; became a^'cnt 
 for the Workiuiiman's .Vdvocate; employed in the 
 Chicago |iosl-ottice from 18li!l to 1S77; elecl<Ml a 
 mend)er of the Chicago city council from the 
 Eisrhth Ward in April, I87(), and reelected in 1878, 
 1880, 1882, and 1884; engajied in business in 1878 
 at ChicJigo as a licpior merchant; elected to the 
 Forty-ninth, Kiftieth, and Kifty-lirst Congresses as 
 a I)emocrat; clied at Chicago, 111.. .January 17, 
 I.SIIH. 
 
 Lawler, Joab, was liorn in .Norlh Carolina, 
 .Tune 12, 17;t8; attended the public schools; studieil 
 theolojiy; licen.sed to preach; moved to .Mardi.-*- 
 ville, .Via.; State rei)re.sentative 182()-18:n, and 
 State senator l8;jl-.'52; received [jublic moneys for 
 theCoo.-a land district l,s:^2-18:i.'>; treasurer of the 
 rnivei-sity of Alabama I8:!.S-18:?(;; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from .\labama to the Twenty-fourth and 
 Twenty-fifth ConL're.-^.ses as a Whin, servint; until 
 his death, at Washin-tton, I). ('., .May 8, 18;J8. 
 
 Lawrence, Abbott, was bom at Groton, Mass., 
 DecemlK'r Ki, 1792; attended CIroton Academy; 
 became a merchant and imjMirter at Boston; com- 
 mon councilman in 18;{1; elected a Keiiresentative 
 from .Ma.s,sachusett.H to the Twenty-fourth and 
 Twenty-si.xth ( 'onKre.s.ses as a, Whi^, resijinint; in 
 1840; northeast boinidary commissioner in 1842; 
 visited Kurope 1S4S-44; iuinister to (ireat Britain 
 Auenst 20, 184it, to October, 18.^2; founder of the 
 Lawrence Scientific School at Cambridf.'e; died at 
 ]5oston, Ma.-s., Au;;usl IS, bS.')."). 
 
 Lawrence, Cornelius Van Wyck. was born 
 at Flusliin);, N. Y., February 28, 17iH; attendcil 
 tbe eoniinon schools; went to New York City in 
 1H12, eiiKaninn in a mercantile career; elected a 
 Kepre.senlative from New York to the Twenty- 
 third <'onyres.s as a ,lack.son Democrat, servinj; 
 until May, I8:i4, when he resi^neil to accept the 
 ollice of mayor of New York City; Presidential 
 eli-ctorim the Democratic ticket in 18.'iti; died at 
 I'lushin^'. N. Y., February 20, 18til. 
 
 Lawrence, Effingham, of Louisiana, success- 
 fully conti'steil the seat of .lay Hale .Sypher in the 
 JMirly-lhird Con).'re.ss and wasscati-cl Marcli :?, 187f>, 
 the liusl day of the session; dieil in 1878. 
 
 Lawrence, George Pelton, of North Adams, 
 .Ma.-s., wiis born at Adams, Ma.ss., .May HI, 18.')t»; 
 trradnaled from Drury .\cademy in 187i), and fnjni 
 .\mherst Colle>re in 1880; studied law at Colund)ia 
 Law School; ailmitted to the bar in 188:i, and 
 practiced law at North .\dams; ap|Kjinted judge 
 of the district court of northern Berkshire in 1S8.5; 
 resigned in 1804 upiui being elected to the -Miussa- 
 chusetts senate; nuMnber of the Ma.s.sachusetts 
 senate 180.">-1)7; presiilent of that body 1,H!M>-SI7; 
 elected to the Fifty-lifth, Fifty-sixtli, Fifty-sev- 
 enth, and Fifty-eighth Congre.sses as a Ke)nil)liean. 
 
 Lawrence, Georg-eV., of Monongalu'la City, 
 I'a., was burn in Washington County, Pa., No- 
 vend)er I.'!, 1818; received a common school edu- 
 cation, and studied at Washington College; farmer; 
 elected to the State house of representatives in 1844 
 and 1847, and to the senate in 1848; reelected to 
 the house of rei>resentatiyes in 18.")8, and again in 
 18.i0, and to the senate in 18W1; electi-d a Kepri- 
 sentalive to the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Con- 
 gresses; delegate to the constitutional convention 
 of Pennsylvania in 1872; elected to the State 
 senate under the new constitution in 187.'), 187<i, 
 and 1878; elected to the Forty-eighth Congress as 
 a Kepnblican; again .served two terms in the State 
 legislature. 
 
 Lawrence, John, was born in C<irnwall County, 
 I'.ngland, in 1750, coming to New Y'ork City in 
 17i)7; iiursuecl academic studies; studied law an<l 
 admitted to the bar in 1772; servecl throughout 
 the Kevohitionary war; judge-advoi'ate-general 
 on Gencfal Washington's staff and on the court- 
 martial which convicte<l Major .\ndre; Delegate 
 from New York to the Continental Congress 178.5- 
 1787; Stale senator in 1780; elected a Kejiresenta- 
 tive from New York to the First and Second Con- 
 gres.ses; ap|)ointed by President Washington juilge 
 of the Cnited States cinuit court; elected a l'nite<l 
 States Senator from New Y'ork (vice Kuf us King, 
 resigned), .serving from December 8, 179<), to 
 August, 1800, when he resigned; tiled at New 
 Y'ork City NovemV)er 7, 1810. 
 
 Lawrence, John W., was a native of Flushing, 
 N. Y.; State representative 1841-J2; elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Twenty- 
 ninth Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Lawrence, Joseph, was born in.Vdams County, 
 I'a., in 17.88; moved to Washington County; at- 
 teixied the connnon schools; farmed; State repre- 
 sentative for nine years, four years as sjiealcer; 
 State treasurer; elected a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Nineteenth. Twentieth, and 
 Twent_\' -.seventh Congre.s.ses a.s a Democrat, serv- 
 ing until his death, at Wa.shington, 1). C, April 
 17, 1842. 
 
 Lawrence, Samuel, was a native of New York; 
 located at Johnson's settlement; State repn'senta- 
 tive 1808-0 and 1818; elected a Representative 
 from New Y<irk to the Kighteenth Congress. 
 
 Lawrence, Sidney, was a native of Yermont; 
 attended the common schools; nioyeil to Moira, 
 l-ranklin C<iunty, N. Y.; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Thirtieth Congress. 
 
 Lawrence, William, was born at Washington, 
 (thio. Scpli'inbi-r 2, 1814: jiui-sued classical studies, 
 gniiluating from .lefferson College, PiMinsylvania, 
 in is:{.'i; lariiierand meri'haiil: State representative 
 in 184l{; Presidential elector on the Demoi-nitic 
 tii-ket in 1.848; ilelegate to the State constitutional 
 convention of lS.'iO; State senator 1.8.'>li-,'i7; electetl 
 a Representative from Ohio to the Tliirty-lifth 
 I'ongress as a Democrat. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 647 
 
 Lawrence, Williani, was born at Mount Pleas- 
 ant, Ohio, June 26, 1819; graduatec] from Franklin 
 College and the Cincinnati Law School; reporter 
 on the Columbus State Journal; editor of the 
 Logan Gazette and the Western Law Monthly; 
 bankrupt commissioner nf Logan County in LS42 
 and prosecuting attorney of Logan County in 1S46; 
 State representative 1846—47 and a State senator 
 1848-1853; sui^reme court reporter; judge of the 
 common pleaa court a nundjer of years; entered 
 the Union Army in 1862 as colonel of volunteers; 
 aiipointed United States judge in Florida in 
 186S; electeil a Representative from Ohio to the 
 Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, Forty-first, Forty-third, 
 and Forty-fourth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Lawrence, William T., was born at New York 
 City jMay 7, 1788; attended the conunon schools; 
 engaged in mercantile pursuits; served in the war 
 of 1812; moved to Cayuta in 1823, becoming a 
 fanner; judge of Cayuga County in 1n38; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the Thirtieth 
 Congress. 
 
 Laws, Gilbert Lafayette, of McCook, Nebr., 
 was biirn Jlarch 11, 18.38, near Olney, Richland 
 County, 111.; moved with his jiarents to Iowa 
 County, AVis., in 184.'); received his education in 
 the common schools; atteniled Haskell University, 
 Mazomanie, Wis., and Milton College, Milton, 
 Wis.; taught school till 1861, when he enlisted in 
 the Fifth Wisconsin Volunteer Infantrv; wounded 
 in the battle of Williamsburg, Va., May 5, 1862; 
 returned to AVisconsin and located in Richland 
 County; elected clerk of that county in Novem-. 
 ber, 1862; twice reelected; edited the Richland 
 County Observer; engaged in the manufacture 
 of lumber, bedsteads, and wagon material; chair- 
 man of the county board of supervisors 1869-70; 
 member of the city council; elected mayor of 
 Richland Center in 1870; postmaster 1869-1876, 
 when he resigned and moved to Orleans, Nebr.; 
 became editor of the Republican Valley Sentinel; 
 apjiointed register of the United States "land office 
 at McCook, Nebr., in 1883, and served till Novem- 
 l.)er 1, 1886; elected secretarv of state November 2, 
 1886, and in 1888; elected to the Fifty-first Con- 
 gress as a Republican, to fill the vacancy occa- 
 sioned by the death of Hon. James Laird. 
 
 Lawson, John D., was bom at Montgomery, 
 N. Y., February IS, 1816; attended the public 
 schools; importer in New York City; delegate to 
 the national Rei>ublican conventions of 1868 and 
 1872; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Forty-third Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Lawsou, John W. , of Isle of AVight, Va., was 
 born in James City County, A'a., September 13, 
 1837; educated in the schools of AA'illiamsburg, at 
 AVilliam and Mary College, and at the University 
 of A'irginia; studied medicine and graduated froiii 
 the L'niversity of the City of New York March 4, 
 1861; returned to his native State and enlisted in 
 the Thirty-second Regiment A'irginia Infantry; 
 serxed on the Peninsula; participated in the battle 
 of Williamsburg and in the .series of battles be- 
 ginning with Se\en Pines; entered the medical 
 department Confederate States of America; assist- 
 ant surgeon in charge of artillery battalion; pro- 
 moted to full surgeon ]\Iarch 10, 1864; surrendered 
 at Appomattox Ajiril 9, 1865; settled in Isle of 
 AVight County, Va., December, 1865; jiracticed 
 medicine for ten years; elected to the house of 
 delegates and reelected; elected to the State senate; 
 settled on a farm; elected to the Fifty-second Con- 
 gress as a Democrat. 
 
 Lawson, Thomas G., of Eatonton, Ga., was 
 born in Putnam County, Ga. ; educated in the com- 
 mon si'hools and at Mercer University; elected to 
 the legislature in 1861 and in 1863 and 1865; mem- 
 ber of the constitutional convention in 1877; 
 elected by the general assemlily in 1878 judge of 
 the superior courts of the Ocmulgee circuit, and 
 in 1882; in 1886 retired t(j his farm; elected to the 
 Fifty-second Congress as a Democrat; reelected to 
 the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Congresses. 
 
 Lawyer, Thomas, was a native of Cobleskill, 
 N. Y.; State representative in 1816; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New York to the Fifteenth 
 Congress. 
 
 Lay, George AV., was a native of New York; 
 pursued classical studies; studied law and ad- 
 mitted to the bar, commencing practice at Batavia; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Twenty -third and Twenty-fourth Congresses as a 
 Whig; State representative in 1840; charg^ d'af- 
 faires to Sweden Mav 12, 1842, to October 29, 1845; 
 died at Batavia, N. Y., October 28, 1860. 
 
 Laytou, Fernando C, of AVajjakoneta, Ohio, 
 w-as born in Auglaize County, (.)hio, April 11, 
 1847; educated in the public schools and at AVit- 
 tenberg College, Springfield, Ohio; admitted to 
 the bar in 1869; county school examiner; prose- 
 cuting attorney for the'yt'ars 1875-78; elected to 
 the Fifty-second Congress as a Democrat; re- 
 elected to the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Con- 
 gresses; resumed the practice of law. 
 
 Lazear, Jesse, was boni in Greene County, Pa., 
 December 12, 1804; received a limited education; 
 held several local offices; bank cashier at Waynes- 
 burg 1832-1864; elected a Representative 'from 
 Pennsylvania to the Thirty-seventh and Thirty- 
 eighth Congresses as a Democrat; delegate to t&e 
 national LTnion convention at Philadelphia in 
 1866; died at Baltimore Countv, Md., September 
 2, 1877. 
 
 Lea, Luke, was born in Surry County, N. C, 
 January 26, 1782; moved to Tennessee in 1790; 
 attended the common schools; served in the Creek 
 and Seminole wars; held several minor State of- 
 fices; elected a Representative from Tennessee to 
 the Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat, and to 
 the Twenty-fourth Congress as a I'nion Democrat; 
 appointed by President Taylor Indian agent at 
 Fort Leavenworth, Kans., near which place he 
 died June 17, 1851. 
 
 Lea, Pryor, was born in Knox County, Tenn., 
 
 in 1794; graduated from Greeneville College; 
 studied law; admitted to the bar in 1817; com- 
 menced )iractice at Knoxville; served in the 
 Creek war in 1813; United States attorney for Ten- 
 nessee in 1824; elected a Representative from 
 Tennessee to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Con- 
 gresses as a Jackson Democrat; defeated for the 
 Twenty-second Congress; moved to Jackson, Miss., 
 in 1837, thence to Goliad, Tex., in 1847. 
 
 Leach, DeAVittC, was l)orn at Clarence, N. Y., 
 November 22, 1822; acquired a Hunted education; 
 State rejiresentative 1849-50; delegate to the con- 
 stitutional convention of 1850; State librarian in 
 1855-56; elected a Representative from Michigan 
 to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses as 
 a Republican. 
 
 Leach, James M. , was born in Randolph 
 County, N. C., in 1824; pursued classical studies; 
 studied law and practiced ; for ten years member of 
 the house of commons; Presidential elector on the 
 
r>4s 
 
 CONGKE88IONAL DIRKCTliKY, 
 
 Anu'rican tii-ket in ISSil; electi'd ii Ki'pri'pcntativo 
 fniiii NdHIi Caroliiiii to tlio Tliirty-.<ixlli (.'cuitrresti 
 as u Wlii;;, totlu' Kcirty-f^econil Cinijrivi?.-! ay a t'oii- 
 scrvativf, aii<l to the Korty-thinl C'oiitrrt'wj; iiiein- 
 Iht ol the Coiifecleratf C'oiigR'SS l>S(>4-(>5; twice 
 electi'd State seiiiitor. 
 
 Leadbetter, Daniel P., was a native of I'enii- 
 sylvania; iiiovoi to Millersl)iirf:, Oliio; eleefed a 
 Uepresentative from Ohio to the Tweiily-lifth and 
 Twenty-sixtli ( 'on;;resfes as a Van lUiren l>enni- 
 cnit. 
 
 Leake, Shelton F., was Ihhu in Alljeinarle 
 Connty, Va., NovenilK>r ;iO, ISIJ; n reived a jroo<l 
 education; tans;lit sehool; stuilie<l hiw; aihnitled 
 to the har in lS,'>ri; comnienred iiractice at Char- 
 lottesville; State representative in 1S4-; IVesiden- 
 tial elector on the ])einoiratie tiiket in IS-IS; 
 eleeted lientenant-novernor in IS")]; elected a He|i- 
 resentative from Vir).'inia to tlie Twenty-nintli 
 Congress as a Democrat, and to the Thirty-sixth 
 Conjrress us an Iiulependent Democrat. 
 
 Leake, Walter, was born in Virginia about 
 17(10; moved to Minds Comity, Miss.; elected a 
 United States .'senator from Mississippi, servinjf 
 from DecendRT 11, l.slT, until his resignation in 
 1820; governor 1821-182.i; died at Mount Salus, 
 Miss., Xovemher 17, 1825. 
 
 Learned, Amasa, was born at Killingly, Conn., 
 Novend>er l.'i, 17.")0; graduated from Yale College 
 in 1772; .■studied theology and received a license to 
 preach; elected a Kenre.sentative from Connecti- 
 cut to the Second and Third Congres.>ies: delegate 
 to the constitutional convention of 1818, and a 
 State rejiresentative, serving several terms; died 
 at New lAindon, Conn., May 4, 1825. 
 
 Leary, Cornelius L. L. , was born at Kalti- 
 niore, Md., October 22, 181o; attendecl St. Mary's 
 College; moved to Louisville, Ky., returning t<i 
 Ualtimore in 18.S7; studied law and admitted to 
 the bar in 1847; State representative in l.'>47; I'resi- 
 dential elector on the American ticket in 185ti; 
 elected a Re[)resentative from Maryland to the 
 Thirty-seventh Congress a.s a Cnionist. 
 
 Leavenworth, £lias Warren, was born at 
 Canaan, N. Y., Dei'endier 20. ISO.!; raiseil at (ireat 
 Harrington, Ma.<s, ; attended the lluds<in .\ia<leiny; 
 graduated from Yale College in 1824; studied law; 
 admitted to the bar; moved to tSyraouse, N. Y., in 
 1827; State assemblyman 18.')5, 18.50-185:i. and 
 185(>-o7; appointed brigadier-general of militia in 
 l,s;{ti; president of Syracn.se Village 18:!!l-l,S4l, and 
 184f>-47, and mayor 1849-18,5!); secretary of the 
 State of New York 18.54-.55; prominently con- 
 nected with local public corporations and several 
 State connnissious; constitutional conuinssioiierin 
 1872; electe<l a Repn-sentative from New York to 
 the Korty-fourth Congress as a Republican; died at 
 Syracuse, N. Y., Nnvember 25, 1.S87. 
 
 Leavitt, Humphrey H. , was born at SufReld, 
 Conn., .lune 18, 17ttt>; moved to Ohio; receive<l a 
 liberal education; studied law and admitted to 
 the bar; commenced ]>racticeat Steubenville; State 
 representative 182.5-2<); State senator in 1.827; 
 elected a Repre.st'Utative from Ohio to the Twenty- 
 first ( vice ,liihu M. < ioodennw, lesigned i. Twenty- 
 secon<l, and Twenty-third Congresses as a ,Iackson 
 DenioiTat, serving from I)ecendier t>, bs;!0, nntil 
 Ins resignatiiin in \>^'-U to accept the ap|>iiintment 
 of I'nited States (hstriit judge for Ohio; died at 
 Springfield, Ohio, in .March, 187.'{. 
 
 Le Blond, Francis C, was a native of Oliio. 
 
 received af] madcmic education: sluilied law ; ail- 
 
 mittiii to the bar; coniniencetl |)ractiee at Celina, 
 Ohio; .*<late n^presentative 18.51-18.55; speaker of 
 the house 18.54-.55; ehcteil a Reiireseiitative from 
 Ohio to tlie Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Lecompte, Joseph, was native of Woodford 
 County, Ky.; locateil at Newcastle; electeil a 
 Representative from Kentucky to the Nineteenth, 
 Twentieth, Twenty-first and Twenty-second Con- 
 gresses as a ,)ackson Demo<'rat. 
 
 Lee, Arthur, was born at Stratford, Va., De- 
 i-i'UilH'r 20, 1740; educated at lOton, in Kngland; 
 studied meilicine at the Cuiversity of Kiliuburgh, 
 grailuatingin 17115; alter traveling in l',uro|ie, com- 
 menced practice at Williamsburg. \'a. ; in 17t)(> 
 went to Londim to study law ; admitted to the bar 
 in 1770; Massachiisetl.s's agent in lOngland and 
 France; appointed correspondent of Congress at 
 London in 1775; Commis.sioner to France 1776 anil 
 to Spain 1777; returned to Virginia in 17.'<0; State 
 representative in 1781; delegate to the Continental 
 Congress 1782-1785; meml>er of the Treasury Ixjanl 
 1785-1780; (lied on a farm near the Rappahannock 
 River, Virginia. December 12, 17it2. 
 
 Lee, Francis Ligfhtfoot, was born at Stratford, 
 Va., October 14, 17;)4; pursued classical studie.s; 
 member of the house of burgesses 17fi5-l772; Dele- 
 ptte to the Continental Congress 1775-1779; State 
 senator; dieil at Richmond, Va., April 3, 1797. 
 
 Lee, Gideon, wasbornat Andierst. Ma.ss., .\pril 
 27, 1778; attended the common sihools; learnwlthe 
 trade of shoemaker; move<l to New Y'ork City and 
 engaged in the leather business; State representa- 
 tive in 1822; alderman in 1828; mavor in 1S;W; 
 elected a Reinisentative from New "York to the 
 the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Jackson Demo- 
 crat; diet! at Cieneva, N. Y., August 21, 1841. 
 
 Lee, Henry, was born in Westmoreland County, 
 Va., .lanuary 20, 17.5l!: pursueil classical studies, 
 grailuating from I'rinceton College; served as cap- 
 tain of light lioi-se in the Revolutionary war 177t>- 
 1781; Delegate from Virginia to the Continental 
 Congress 178tl; advocateil the adoption of the 
 Federal Constitution in the Virginia convention of 
 1788; governor 1702-1795; commamled the Vir- 
 ginia forces, in the whisky insurrection: elected a 
 Representative to the Sixth Congress as a Federal- 
 ist: diedat Cund)erlanil Island, (tet)rgia, .March 2.5, 
 181.S. 
 
 Lee, Henry B., was a native of Xew York 
 City; elei-teii a Representative from New Y'ork to 
 the Fifteenth Congress; died February 18. 1817, 
 at New York City before the commencement of 
 the session. 
 
 Lee, John, of I'elersville, Md., was electeil a 
 Uepresentative from Maryland to the Kigliteenth 
 Congress as a Federalist. 
 
 Lee, Joshua, was born at Pcnn Yan, X. Y'.; 
 Stale representative in 18:W; ele<-te<l a Representa- 
 tive to the Twenty-fourth Congn'.ss as a l>emo<Tat. 
 
 Lee, M. Lindley. was l«irn at Minisiuk, N. Y"., 
 .\Iav 20. lso5; with iliHiculty pm-sued classical 
 studies: graduated from Cuion Collei:e in b'<27 
 and the College of I'hysicians and Sur_'eons of 
 Western New York in l.'^.SO: pr.icticeil medicine at 
 Fulton; jiost master 1840-1844; State ri-presen tat ive 
 184t>-47; electeil State senator in I8I>5; electeil a 
 Representative from New York to the Thirty-sixth 
 Congii'.ss as a Republican. 
 
 Lee, Richard Bland, was a native of Virginia; 
 luirn in 17il2: eleclid a Repri'st-ntative froei Vir- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 649 
 
 ginia to the First, Second, ami Tliird Cnniirepse,"; 
 died March 12, 182V. 
 
 Lee, Bichard Henry, \va.'< lifirn at Stratford. 
 Va., .Taiiuary 20, 17:i2; ochicated at AValcetield 
 Acadeniy, Knglaml; returned in IT.tI; delejiate to 
 tlie houtie of 1 lurfics.-ies in l~'i7; Delejiate from Vir- 
 ginia to tlie Continental Congres.>< 1774-17SO, and 
 President of it in 1784; served in the State legisla- 
 ture and as colonel of militia; member of the Vir- 
 ginia convention of 1788; I'nited States Senator 
 from Virginia 1789 to his resignation in 1792; died 
 at Chaiitilly, Va., ,Tune 19, 1794. 
 
 Lee, Silas, was a native of Massachusetts; re- 
 ceived a classical education; graduated from Har- 
 vard College in 1784; studied law; admitted to <he 
 bar; State representative in 1793, 1797, ami 1798; 
 elected a Representative from Massachusetts to the 
 Sixth and Seventh Congresses as a Federalist; re- 
 signed in 1802; probate judge in 1805-1814; chief 
 judge of the common pleas court; I'nited States 
 district attorney; "died in 1814. 
 
 Lee, Thomas, was a native of New .Jersey; 
 resided at Port Kli/alietb. N. .J.; elected a Repre- 
 sentative to the Twenty-tbinl and Twenty-fourth 
 Congresses as a Jackson Democrat. 
 
 Lee, Thomas Sim, was born in Frederick 
 County, Va., in 1744; received a good education; 
 moved to Maryland; held several local offices; 
 governor 1 779-1 7SH and 1792-1794; Delegate to the 
 Continental Congress 1783-84; to the State conven- 
 tion for the ratification of the Federal Constitution; 
 elected a Cnited States Senator from Maryland in 
 1794, but declined; died at Needwood. Frederick 
 County, Va., November 9, 1819. 
 
 Lee, William H. F., was born at Arlington, 
 Va., Jlay ','A. 1S37; in 1857, while completing his 
 education at Harvard College, appointed second 
 lieutenant in the Sixth Regiment V. S. Infantry; 
 accomjianied his regiment in 18,58 in the expedi- 
 tion to Utah against the Mormons; resigned in 
 1859; returned to Virginia and took charge of his 
 estates in the county of New Kent; in 1861 raised 
 a company of cavalry and joined the Army of 
 Northern Virginia; served successively from cap- 
 tain to major-general of cavalry; wounded at 
 Brandy Station in June, 1863; captured in Han- 
 over County and taken to Fortress Monroe; trans- 
 ferreii to I'nited States prison at Fort Lafaj-ette in 
 1.S63, where he was confined till March, 1864, when 
 he was transferred to Fortress ]\Ionroe and ex- 
 changed; returned to his command and served 
 throughout the campaign of 1864, surrendering at 
 Appomattox; returned to his ]ilantation; repre- 
 sented his senatorial district in the State .senate for 
 one term; president of the State Agricultural 
 Society; engaged in agricultural juirsuits; elected 
 to the Fiftieth and Fifty-fii'st CuDgresses as a 
 Democrat; died October 1,5, 1891. 
 
 Leedom, John P., of West Union, Ohio, was 
 born in Adams County, Ohici, Decemlier 20, 1847; 
 received a common school education; graduated 
 from Smith's Mercantile College in 1868; taught 
 public school; farmer; elected clerk of the court 
 of common pleas of Adams County in 1874 and 
 reelected in 1877; member of the Democratic State 
 central committee in 1879; elected to the Forty- 
 seventh Congress as a Democrat; .Sergeant-at-.Vrms 
 of the National House of Representatives 18.S4- 
 1886. 
 
 Leet, Isaac, was born at Washington, Pa., in 
 1802; pursued academic studies; State senator and 
 held several county offices; elected a Representa- 
 
 tive from Pennsylvania to the Twenty-sixth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; defeated for the Twenty- 
 seventh Congress; died at AVashington, Pa., June 
 11, 1844. 
 
 Lefever, Jacob, of New Paltz, N. Y., was born 
 there April 20, 18.S0; educated at New Paltz Acad- 
 emy and Anienia Seminary; supervisor of the town 
 1861 and 1862; member of as.'^eniblv of the State of 
 New York 1863, 1864, 1865, and 1867; fre(|Uentlya 
 delegate to Repulilican State con\entions and 
 delegate to the national Republican convention 
 of 1888; jiresident of the Huguenot National Bank 
 of New Paltz and vice-president of the New Paltz 
 Savings Bank; elected to the Fifty-third and Fifty- 
 fourth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Lefever, Joseph, \\as elected a Representative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Twelfth Congress. 
 
 LeFevre, Benjamin, t>f. 'Sidney, Ohio, was born 
 in Shelby County, Ohio, October8, 1838; educated 
 at the Miami University; studied law at Sidney; 
 farmer; volunteered in the Union Army in 1861 
 and served until the close of the war; elected to 
 the legislature in 1865; nominated in 1.S66 for sec- 
 retary of state by the Democrats of Ohio; 
 appointed United States consul at Nuremburg, (ier- 
 many, in 1867; elected to the Forty-sixth, Forty- 
 seventh, Forty-eighth, ami Forty-ninth Congresses 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Lefferts, John, was a native of Brooklyn, 
 N. Y.; attended the public schools; elected a 
 Repi'esentative from New York to the Thirteenth 
 Congress as a Democrat; delegate to the constitu- 
 tional convention in 1821; State senator 1822-1825; 
 died at Brooklyn, N. Y\, May 7, 1841. 
 
 Leffler, Isaac, was born in Washington County, 
 Pa., November, 1788; graduated from Jefferson 
 College; studied law and admitted to the bar; 
 connnenced practice at Wheeling, Va. ; State repre- 
 sentative 1817-1825: in 1832 elected a Represent- 
 ative from Virginia to the Twentieth Congress; 
 moved to Wisconsin in 1835; State representative 
 1837-38; moved to Iowa in 1839; State rejiresenta- 
 tive; marshal of Iowa in 1843; receiver of the 
 Stillwater land office 1852-1857. 
 
 Leffler, Shepherd, was a native of Pennsyl- 
 vania; receixed an academic education; studied 
 law and admitted to the bar; moved to Burlington, 
 Iowa, becoming a farmer; elected a Representative 
 from Iowa to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Con- 
 gresses; defeated as a Democrat for governor in 
 1875. 
 
 Leftwich, Jabez, was a native of Bedford 
 County, Va. ; attended the common schools; elected 
 a Representati\e from \'irginia to the Seventeenth 
 and Eighteenth Congresses; defeated for the Nine- 
 teenth Congress. 
 
 Leftwich, John W. , was born in Bedford 
 County, Va.. September 7, 1826; attended the pub- 
 lie schools; studied medicine, graduating in 18.50 
 from the Philadelphia Medical College; moved to 
 ^Memphis, Tenn., engaging in mercantile pursuits; 
 elected a Representati\e from Tennessee to the 
 Thirty-ninth Congress as a Conservative; delegate 
 to the national Democratic convention of 1868; 
 died at Lynchburg, Va., in June, 1870. 
 
 Legare, Hugh Swinton, was born at Charles- 
 ton, S. C, January 2, 17.S9; graduated from the 
 College of South Carolina in 1814; studied law; 
 visited Paris and Edinburgh; admitted to the bar 
 at Charleston, S. C. in 1822; State representative 
 1820-1822 and 1824-1830; attornev-general of 
 
65(» 
 
 CONORKSSIONAL DIRKtTORY, 
 
 South Carolina 1830-1832; charjn'- d'affaires to 
 Brustiols 1S:!l'-1S3(): vliftcil ;i l\c|iiwJotitative from 
 South Carnhna to tlic Twcnty-lil'th ('oii;;rcs^ as a 
 rniiiii l>tMuoiTat; ilefoattil for the TwiMily-fiixlli 
 ("oiij:ri'8s: .\tti>rni\v-(iiMicral of thf liiileil Slates 
 St>|)ti'nilK'r l.'f. 1S41, until his deatti, at hostoii. 
 Ma**., June 20, lS-t:i. 
 
 Lehlbacb, Herman, of Newark, X. J., was 
 iKirn .luly .'i. 1S4.'), in Itadi'ii, (ierniany; surveyor 
 bv jirofession; iiu'iiilH'r of the liou!*e of usseiu- 
 bly of New ,lerscy in IS.S4: eleete<i to tlie Forty- 
 ninth Coiiirri'ss as a Kepuhliean; rt'eUTteil to the 
 Fiftietli ami Fittylii-st t'onirresses. 
 
 Iiebman, William E., was Ivirn at Philadel- 
 phia, I'a., Aiifrust 21, 1S22; );mduateil from the I'ni- 
 versity of I'eniisylvauia in 1S43; studie<i law ami 
 admitted to the liar; visitetl Furope; ajipointtnl 
 post-ollice examiner for reiinsylvania and New 
 York liy President Polk; eleeted a Kepresentative 
 from Peimsylvania to the Thirty-seventh Congress 
 as a Deuioerat: United States provost-marshal 
 lS(!,S-l,S(i.=>. 
 
 Leib, Michael, was horn at Philadelphia, Pa., 
 in IT.Mi; attended the eonimon sohools; studieil 
 medieine. praetieing at Philadel]>hia; State repre- 
 sentative; el«ted a Kepresentative from Pennsyl- 
 vania to the Sixth, Seventh, Kinhtli, and Ninth 
 Congn>sses as a Democrat, resigning in ISIW; Presi- 
 dential elei'tor on the IVmoeratie ticket in 1S08; 
 electeil a Cnitcl .'States Senator from Pennsylvania 
 (vii-e Sannicl Maclay, resigned), January 1!', IStK), 
 until his resignation in 1S14 to accept the )iost- 
 mastership of Philadelphia; died at Philadelphia, 
 Pa., I)ecend)er22, 1822. 
 
 Leib. Owen D. , was a native of,Schuylkill, Pa. ; 
 reoeive<l a cla.s.sical e<lucation: studied medicine, 
 commencing praetiiv at Catawissa, Pa.; elected a 
 Reprt'.scntative from Peimsylvania to the Twenty- 
 ninth Conu're.ss as a Democrat; died at Catawissa, 
 Pa., ,Iune 17, 1S4S. 
 
 Leidy, Paul, was l>orn at Hemlock, Pa., No- 
 
 vemln-r 21. l.Sl:{; attended the common schools; 
 tailor's apprentice; taught .school; studied law and 
 admittiil to the bar; commenced practice at Dan- 
 ville, Pa.; district attorney for live yeai-s; elected 
 a Representative from Pemisylvauia to the Thirty- 
 fifth Congress as a iN'inocrat. 
 
 Leigh, Benjamin Watkins, w.as Ixirn in CIu>s- 
 tertielil County, Va., .Tune 18, 1781 ; graduate<l from 
 William and Mary College in 1802; studied law 
 and admittml to the bar; connnenciM) practice 
 at Petersburg, moving in 1813 to Kichmond, Va.; 
 State representative; deleptte to the State consti- 
 tutional convention of 18.'>0-;)1; iitlicial re|)orter to 
 the .*»tate court of appeals 182^1-1841: cltN-tol a 
 I'nittvl States Senator from Virginia as a Whig in 
 18;{4, vice William C. Rives. DeiiUM-rat, resigned; 
 reelected for six years, serving from March rt. 1834, 
 until his resignation in 1S3(>; dietl at Kichmond, 
 Va., FVbruary 2, 1849. 
 
 Leighty. Jacob D. , of St. .Too, Ind,, was l>orn 
 in Westmoreland County, Pa., OctoKr l.i, 18:?<»; 
 moved with his parents in l.'^4 to Dekalb Coutity, 
 Ind.; attend(.>d the conmion schools; student at 
 Witteidierg Collegi-, SpringtieM, Ohio; in ,Iuly, 
 IStil, enlisteii in Comjiany K, Fleventh Indiana 
 VoluntetT Infantry; promotetl to .second lieuten- 
 ant and to tirst lieutenant; severely woundiil at 
 Champion Hills. ^liss.. May 1<>. 18t>3; resignol in 
 1.8tt4; returning home, eng-.i;;ed in general mer- 
 chamlising ami in manuiacturing enterprises; 
 ele«'led to the Indiana house of rei>n-.scntativea in 
 
 1886; elei'ted to the Fifty-fourth Congretw a^ a 
 Rei>ubliean; T'niteit States pension agenlat Indian- 
 apolis 18il7-l!H)l; resumed the i>niitiet> of law. 
 
 Leiper, George G., was born in Delaware 
 County. Pa., Felmiarv 3, 178(5; attended the eoni- 
 mon schools; engagi-<l in stone <|uarrying; elected 
 a Keprt'sentative from Peimsylvania totheTwenty- 
 lirst Congress a-s a Jai'kson Demwral; diiil at Ix>i- 
 pidia. Pa., November 17, 1868. 
 
 Leisenring, John, was l>orn at .\shton (now 
 I.ansford i, Carbon County, Pa., .Imie3, 18,i3; e<lu- 
 caled at Sihwartz's Aiademy. Bethlehem, l'a.,and 
 at Merchantville and Princeton. N. ,1.; civil and 
 nulling engineer; presiilent and manager of numer- 
 ous coal and iron comi«aniesand director of several 
 national banks; eleeted to the Fifty-fourth Con- 
 gress its a Republican; dietl at Philadelphia. Pa., 
 ,Ianuary lit, 1001. 
 
 Leiter, Benjamin F. , waslxiriial I.eitersburg, 
 Md., October 13, 1813; rei-eived a limited i-duca- 
 tion; taught .schwil 1830-1,834; niove^l to Ohio; 
 studied law and admitttHl to the bar in 1842; 
 commenced practice at Canton; Stale representa- 
 tive 1848 and speaker of tlu' hous«" 1840; electi-d a 
 Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-fourth and 
 Thirty-lifth Congresses as a Rei>ublican. 
 
 Le Moyne, J. V. , was Ixirn in Washington 
 County, Pa., in 1828; grailuated from Washington 
 College in \SA7: studied law aii<l .•nlmittttl to 
 the bar at Pitt.sburg, Pa., in 18.52, moving to Chi- 
 cago the .siime year; defeated as the l.ilx'ral candi- 
 date for the Forty-third Ci>ngre.ss; elwte*! a Rep- 
 resentative from Illinois to the Forty-fourth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; defeattil for the Forty-fifth 
 Congress. 
 
 Lent, James, was born at Newton, N. Y., in 
 1780; merchant of New York City; visitol India 
 and China; elected a Rein-e.sentative from New 
 York to theTwenty-tirst and Twenty-st-cond Con- 
 gresses as a .Fackson Democrat, .•serving until his 
 death, February 22, l,8,i,'!, at Washington, D. C. 
 
 Lentz, John Jacob, of Columbus, Ohio, was 
 born near St. Clairsville, Relmont County, Ohio, 
 .lanuary 27, 18.')t!; atten<led district school and the 
 St. Clairsville High Siliool; taught school; gradu- 
 ated from the National Normal I'nivcrsily, I^ba- 
 iion, Ohio, in 1877: atteiideil I'niversity of Woos- 
 ter; grailuated from I'niversitv iif Micliigan with 
 degnt' of .\. P. in 1,8,8l': tiMik lK>lh law courses at 
 Columbia College, New York City, n'ceiving the 
 degree of Id.. B. in 188:!; ailmitte<l to the bar at 
 Columbus in OctoU'r, 18,8,3; menilKT of the law 
 firm of Nash A I-entz; trustee of ( >liio Iniversity; 
 national president of the .\merii-:in Insurant* 
 Cnion; electtKl to the Fifty-lifth Congress as a 
 Democrat: permanent chairman i^f the Democratic 
 State convention lieM at Dayton, .\ugust 23 and 
 24. 1808; reelected to the Fifty-sixtli Congress, 
 but defeated for the F'ifty-st'venth. 
 
 Leonard, Fred C, of Condersixirt, Pa., was 
 born at Flmer, Potter County, Pa.. Febniary 16, 
 1.8.iti; etlucalol in the public scIukiIs, the State 
 Normal ScIumiI at Manslield. Pa.. Williston Semi- 
 nary, Iji.sthanipton, Miu«!., ami Yale College; 
 grailuateil in 18,8,3; studie<1 law at Wellslwro, Pa., 
 where he was ailmitteil to the bar in 18,<i; niove<i 
 to Flmira, N. Y., where he studii>.l and was ad- 
 initl«>d to tin- bar in 1S87; came to Coudersi>ort in 
 18S7 and liegan the praitice of law; eleetevl to the 
 Fiflyfoiirth Congn'ss as a Republiian. 
 
 Leonard, George, was birn at Norton, Mass., 
 .Inly 1, 172'.i; gradualol from llarvani Colk-ge in 
 
KKHIRAPHIKS. 
 
 651 
 
 174S; appointed register of probate in 174S; studied 
 law; conmienced practit-e; jirovinoial representa- 
 tive and a provincial councilor; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Massachusetts to the First and 
 Fourth Congresses; judge of the common pleas 
 court; State representative and State senator; 
 died at Raynham, Mass., July 26, 1S19. 
 
 Leonard, John Edwards, was born in Chester 
 County, Ra., September L'l?, 1845; graduated from 
 Phillips Exeter Academy, and Harvard College in 
 1867; studied law in Germany; received an LL. D. 
 from the Univereity at Heidelberg; commenced 
 practice in Louisiana; district attorney; judge of 
 the State supreme court; elected a Representative 
 from Louisiana to the Forty-fifth Congress as a 
 Republican; died at Habana, Cuba, March 15, 
 1S7S. 
 
 Leonard, Moses G. , was a native of Connec- 
 ticut; attended the public schools; moved to New 
 York City; elected a Representative from New 
 York to t lie Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat ; 
 defeated for the Twenty-ninth Congress; commis- 
 sioner of immigration at New York City. 
 
 Leonard, Stephen B., was a native of New 
 York; attended the public .schools; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New York to the Twenty-fourth 
 and Twenty-sixth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Lessler, Montague, of New York, was born at 
 New York City January 1, 1869; educated in 
 the public schools of New York City and then at 
 the College of the City of New York, graduating 
 with the class of 1889; later graduatecl from the 
 Columbia Law School; practiced law in New 
 York City; elected to the Fifty-seventh Congress 
 as a Republican January 7, 1902, to till a vacancy 
 caused by the resignation of Nicholas Muller, 
 Democrat, being the first Repulilican ever elected 
 from this district. 
 
 Lester, Posey Green, of Floyd Court-House, 
 Ya., was born in Floyd County, Va., Mai'ch 12, 
 1850; lived on a farm; obtained a common school 
 education and engaged in teaching Hterary and 
 vocal school; ordained to the work of the gospel 
 ministry in the Primitive or Old School Baptist 
 Church in 1876; engaged in traveling and preach- 
 ing in eighteen States; associate editor of Zion's 
 Landmark; elected to the Fifty-fii^t Congress as a 
 Democrat and reelected to the Fifty-second Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Lester, Rufus Ezekiel, of Savannah, Ga., was 
 born in Burke County, Ga., Decendier 12, 1837; 
 graduated from Mercer Tniversity, Georgia, 1857; 
 admitted to the bar in Savannah and commenced 
 practice in 1859; entered the military service of the 
 Confederate States in 1861 ; remained in the service 
 till the end of the war; resumed practice; State 
 senator 1870-1879; president of the senate during 
 the last three yeare of service; mavor of Savannah 
 from 188.3 to 1889; elected to the Fiftv-first, Fiftv- 
 second. Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty- 
 sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Letcher, John, was born at Lexington, Rock- 
 bridge County, Va., March 28, 1813; studied at 
 Washington College and at Randolph-Macon Col- 
 lege; studied law and commenced practice at 
 Lexington in 1839; Presidential elector on the 
 Democratic ticket in 1848; delegate to the State 
 constitutional convention of 18.50; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Virginia to the Thirtv-second, 
 Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, and Thirty-tifth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; governor of \'irginia 1860- 
 
 1864; turned over the entire forces of the. State to 
 the Confederacy before its secession; died at 
 Lexington, Va., January 26, 1884. 
 
 Letcher, Robert P., was a native of Gooch- 
 land County, \'a. ; received an academic education; 
 studied law and commenced jiracticeat Lancaster, 
 Ky. ; State representative for a number of years; 
 one year speaker of the house; electeil a Repre- 
 sentative from Kentucky to the Eighteenth and 
 Nineteenth Congresses as a Clay Democrat; 
 elected to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twent)-- 
 second, and Twenty-third Congresses as a Whig; 
 Presidential elector on the \\'hig ticket in 1836; 
 governor of Kentucky 1840-1844; minister pleni- 
 potentiary to Mexico August 9, 1849, to August 3, 
 1852; died at Frankfort, Ky., January 24, 1861. 
 
 Lever, Asbury Francis, of Lexington, S. C, 
 was born January 5, 1875, near Springhill, Lex- 
 ington County, S. C. ; brought upon his father's 
 farm, attending the common schools; graduated 
 from Newberry College in 1895; taught school; 
 private secretary to Hon. J. 'William Stokes; grad- 
 uated in law at the tieorgetown Uni\'ersity in 1899, 
 and the same year a<lmitted to practice in his State 
 by the supreme court; member of the State con- 
 ventions in 1896 and 1900; elected to the State 
 legislature in 1900; elected to the Fifty-seventh 
 Congress as a Democrat in place of Hoii. J. Wil- 
 liam Stokes, deceased, and reelected to the Fifty- 
 eighth Congress. 
 
 Levin, Lewis C. , was born at Charleston, S. C, 
 November 10, 1808; graduated from Columbia 
 College, South Carolina; studied law and practiceil 
 in several States until located in Philadelphia, Pa.; 
 elected a Representative from Pennsvlvania to the 
 Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-first Con- 
 gresses as a Native American. 
 
 Levy, David (afterwards David Levy Yulee), 
 was liorn at St. Thomas, West Indies, in 1811; 
 pursued classical studies and studied law in Vir- 
 ginia; moved to Florida in 1824, becoming a plant- 
 er; elected a Delegate from Florida to the Twenty- 
 seventh and Twenty-eighth Congresses as "a 
 Democrat; changed his name to Itavid Levy Yu- 
 lee; delegate to the first State constitutional con- 
 vention; twice elected a United States Senator 
 from Florida as a Democrat, ser\'ing from Decem- 
 ber 1, 1845, to 1851, and from 18.55 until his retire- 
 ment, January 21, 1861; ])resideut of the Atlantic 
 and Gulf Railroad; served in the Confe<lerate Con- 
 gress; prisoner of state at Fort Pulaski in 1865; 
 died at New York City October 10, 1886. 
 
 Levy, Jefferson M., of New York City, was 
 born in New York, son of Capt. Jonas P. Levy, 
 and a nephew of Commodore Uriah P. Levy; edu- 
 cated in the public schools and graduated from 
 the University of the City of New York; studied 
 law; admitted to the bar of the State of New York; 
 member of the Chamber of Commerce, of the 
 Board of Trade and Transportation, of the Real 
 Estate Exchange, and of numerous clubs and other 
 organizations; vice-president of the Democratic 
 Club; elected to the Fifty-sixth Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Levy, William M. , was l»rn in Isle of Wight 
 County, Va., October 30, 1827; received a college 
 education; studied and practiced law; served in the 
 Mexican war; moved to Louisiana in 1852; State 
 representative 1859-1861; Presidential elector on 
 the Democratic ticket in 1860; served in the Con- 
 federate army; elected a Repre.-^entative from Lou- 
 isiana to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
652 
 
 roNGRKSSIONAL DIKKCTOKY, 
 
 Ijewis, Abner, was a native of I'aniuiia. Chau- 
 tauiiuaCounty, N. Y.; altciuli'il tin- inilili<'si'lioi)lii; 
 State rf|>r('seiitativi' 1S.'W-.'>!1; cU'i'tcil a Ki'prt'senla- 
 tive fioiii New York to the Tweiity-iiintli Omj.'re.-s 
 as a Wliij;. 
 
 Lewis, Barbour, was lioin at Allmrj;, ^'l., in 
 1SJ^; attended the eoinninn schools in varions 
 States, {.'railnatiuj; from Illinois CoHejie, .laekson- 
 ville. 111., in l,s4(i; teacheral Mobile, Ala.; attended 
 law schools at Alliany, N. Y., and Cainhiidjie, 
 JIiuw.; served in the I'nion Army lS(>l-IS(i4; aj)- 
 pointtnl jndjie of Menipliis, Tenn.. l.S(>:(-(i4: ap- 
 pointtni jiR'siiient of eoninii.s.-'ioners of Shelhy 
 Ctonnty, Tenn., 18t)7-18(j9; elected a Uepresenta- 
 tive from Tennesjice to the Korty-third Cougress 
 as a Kepnhlican. 
 
 Lewis, Burwell Boykin, was horn at Mont- 
 gomery, Ala., .Inly 7, 1S,'!S; fjradnated from the 
 University of Alahama in 1,S.'>7; studied law, eoni- 
 niencing pnu'tice at Montevello in lS.'iVl; sorvetl in 
 the C'enfederate army : Presidential elector on tlie 
 Demoi-ratic ticket in IKIi.S; State representative 
 1S70-1S72; niove<l to Tu.-caloosa in 1S7L'. entiairin;; 
 in the iron business; elected a Kepresenlative from 
 Alabama to the Forty-fourtli Congress as a 
 Demoi-rat. 
 
 Lewis, Charles S., was a native of Clarksburg, 
 Va. ; well edui-ated; elected a Representative from 
 Vii-ginia to the Thirty-third Congress (vice .lohn 
 V. SniMlgi-.iss, deceased), as a Democrat, serving 
 from December 4, 1854, to .March 'S, 1855. 
 
 Lewis, Clarke, of Cliftonville, Miss., was born 
 
 in Maiiison County, Ala., NoveinlxT 8, 1840; 
 moveii to Noxubee County, Miss.; worked on a 
 farm and attendeil the county school; entcre<l 
 Sotiierville Institute, anil took a partial course; 
 taught school; eutere<l the I'onfeiierate army in 
 February, 18(il, and serveil luitil the close of the 
 war; resumed teaching in May, 18(>5; clerked in a 
 store during 18t>tj; engaged in merchandising and 
 farming; planter; elected to the State legislature 
 in 1877; elected to the Kifty-tirst Congress asa Dem- 
 ocrat and reelected to the Fifty-second Congress. 
 
 Lewis, Dixon Hall, was born in Hancock 
 County, (ia., .\ng\ist lit, 1802; graduated from 
 Mount Zion Academy and Cnivei-sity of South 
 Carolina; moved to Autauga County. .\la., in 1822: 
 studied and practiced law; State representative 
 1825-1827; elected a Representative from Alabama 
 to the Twelitv-lirst, Twenty-second, Twenty- 
 third, Twenty-fourth, Twenty-iil'th. Twenty-sixth, 
 Twenty-.«eventh, and Twenty-eighth CouLrres.'^esas 
 a State Kights Democrat, serving until his appoint- 
 ment as Cnited States Senator from Alabauia ( vice 
 \V. K. King, resigneil, April 22, 1844), taking the 
 oath May 7, 1844; elected again in 1847, serving 
 imtil his death, at New York Citv, October 25, 
 1848. 
 
 Lewis, Edward Taylor, of (»[x>lousi»s, Iji., was 
 born at (t|n>lou,-a.-^, parish of St. Landry, OctolK'r 
 2(5, 18154; educated principally by a private tutor, 
 but partly at the Wesleyan Cniversity at Dela- 
 ware, dhio; admitted to the bar of Louisiana as 
 an attorney at law in 185it and pniclieed; soldier 
 in the Confederate arniv during the whole war, 
 enti'ring as a private in llie infantry and ranking 
 as a captain of cavalry at it.s close; elected to the 
 legislature of l^inisiana in 18<i5; elected to the 
 Forty -eighth Conirn-.-vs as a Iteniocrat at thes|H'eial 
 election held on the 15th of February, 18,8:?. to till 
 the vacancy caus«'d by the death of Maj. Amln-w 
 S. Ilerron: again elected to the State li-gislature. 
 
 Lewis, Elijah Banks, of Montezuma, Ga., was 
 iKjrn in Dooly I'ounty, (ia., Manh 27, 1854; moved 
 to Montezuma; eilueated in the connnon schools 
 of Dooly and Maion counties; had a businesa 
 training; engaged in the banking and mercantile 
 business; I'lected to the State senate for the vears 
 1894-St5; elected to the Fifly-lifth, Fiftv-sixth, 
 Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Lewis, Francis, was born at Llandaff, Wales, 
 in March, 17K>; educateil at Westminster school, 
 London; entered menantile pursuits in New York 
 City in 1735; on the British expeditiim to Canada 
 in i75t>; was taken prisoner ami carried to France; 
 returneil to New York, beconiing active in Revo- 
 lutionary affairs; l)elegate t4> the Continental Con- 
 gre.s,s 177t)-177ii; died at New York Citv DecenilK.'r 
 30, 1803. 
 
 Lewis, James Hamilton, of Seattle, Wash., 
 was born at Danville, Va., May IS, 18li3; moved 
 with his ]iarents to .\ugusta, (ia.. in 18ti»i: eilu- 
 eated at Houghton College and the I'niversity 
 of Virginia; studied law ; admitted to the bar in 
 18.S2; located in Seattle. Wasli., November, l.s,H5; 
 elected to the Territorial .■senate as a Democrat; 
 elected to the Fifty-lifth Congre.-^ as a Democrat; 
 .served in the Spanish war a.s colonel; moved to 
 Chicago. HI., and resumed the iiractice of law. 
 
 Lewis, John F., was born near I'ort Republic, 
 Va., March 1, 1S18; farmer; delegate to the State 
 sece.ssion convention of l.Slil, and refu.sed to sign 
 the ordinance of secession; elected lieutenant- 
 governor on the True Republican ticket in l.stiVl; 
 the same year elected United States Senator from 
 Virginia, serving from .lannary 27, 1870, until 
 March '.i. 1875; ajipointed United States marshal 
 for the southwestern district of Vii-ginia in 1875; 
 again elected lieutenant-governor on the Reail- 
 juster ticket in 1881; died at Lvmooil, Va., Sep- 
 tember 2. 1805. 
 
 Lewis, JohnH., of Knoxville, HI., was born 
 in Toniiikins County, N. Y., .lulv 21, \KiO; emi- 
 grated to Illinois in l,8:!i>; received a common 
 school education; admitted to the l)Jir in l.stiO; 
 elected clerk of the circuit court of Knox Comity 
 in 1,8(>0; elected a member of the hou.se of repre- 
 sentatives of Illinois in 1874; electe<i to the Forty- 
 seventh Congre.ss as a Republican. 
 
 Lewis. John William, of .*springlield, Ky., was 
 born near (ircin>burg, (ireeii County, Ky.; eilu- 
 eated at Centre College, Danville. Ky.; admittetl 
 to the bar and (iracticed at (ireensburg, Ky.; 
 moved to Sprinjilield .lannary 1. 1.8»i!i; temiMirary 
 chairman of the Republican State convention 
 Ajiril 10, ISSO; delegate to the Republican national 
 conventions in 1880, 1884, and 18.88; electeil dele- 
 g:ite to the constitutional convention of Kentucky 
 in ISHO and was unseated iiiMin a contest; memlHT 
 of the Republican ."slate central committee of Ken- 
 tucky from 1878 to 1,8<I|, and chairman in the 
 State campaign of 1887; served as special judgt' in 
 circuit courts of ALirion. Taylor, and other coun- 
 ties; elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a Re- 
 publican; resumed the practice of law. 
 
 Lewis, Joseph, jr., was born in Virginia in 
 1772; eliHted a Representative from Virginia to 
 the Kighth. Ninth. Tenth, Kleventh, Twelfth. 
 Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congres,ses as a Fed- 
 eralist; diinl at C^lifton, Va.. Manh .30, 18;H. 
 
 Lewis, Joseph H. , was l>orn in Harreii County, 
 Kv.. October 2!'. 1824; graduateil from Centre 
 College, Danville. Ky.; studii-d law; State repre- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 053 
 
 sentative ISoO-lSSS and 1S69-70; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Kentucky to the Forty-first 
 Congress as a Democrat, vice J. S. Golladay, re- 
 signed; reelected to the Forty-second Congress, 
 serving from May 10, 1870, to 1873. 
 
 Lewis, Robert Jacob, of York, Pa., was born 
 at the villatie of Dover, Dover Township, York 
 County, Pa., December .30, 18lU; attended the 
 public schools of York, and graduated from the 
 high school in 1883; taught in the public schools 
 until September, 188!). when he entered the law 
 department of Yale Univei'sity ; graduated in 1891 ; 
 admitted to the Kew Haven, Conn., bar June, 
 1891, and August 3 of the same year to the bar of 
 York Countv, Pa.; elected school controller in 
 1893 and reelected in 1897 and 1903; elected city 
 solicitor in 189.5; elected a Representative to the 
 Fifty-seventh Congress as a Republican; declined 
 a renomination. 
 
 Lewis, Thomas, was a native of Virginia; at- 
 tended the common schools; claimed to Have been 
 elected a Representative from Virginia to tlie 
 Eighth Congress as a Democrat, serving from Octo- 
 ber 17, 1803^ to March ."i, 1804, when the seat was 
 given to Andrew Jloore on contest. 
 
 Lewis, William J. , was born near Lynchburg, 
 Va. ; attended the common schools; was a State 
 representative; elected a Representative from Yir- 
 giniato the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat; died 
 near Lynchburg, Va., November 1, 1828. 
 
 L'Hommedieu, Ezra, was born at Southhold, 
 N. Y., August 30, 17LM; graduated from Yale Col- 
 lege in 1774; studied law, practicing at New York 
 City; delegate to the provincial congress 1775- 
 1778; State representative 1777-1783; Delegate 
 from New York to the Continental Congress 1779- 
 1783 and 1787-88; State senator 1784-1792 and 
 1794-1809; regent of the Universitv of the State of 
 New York 1787-1811; died at Southhold, N. Y., 
 September 28, 1811. 
 
 Libbey, Harry, of Old Point Comfort, Va., 
 was born at Wakefield, N. H., November 22, 
 1843; received a common school education; en- 
 gaged in mercantile jnirsuits; appointed one of 
 the presiding justices of Elizabeth City County, 
 Va., in 1869; elected to the Forty-eighth Congress 
 as a Coalition Republican; reelected to the Forty- 
 ninth Congress; engaged in the oyster industry. 
 
 Ligon, Robert F. , was a native of Clarke 
 County, Ga. ; received an academic education; 
 moved to Atlanta; studied and practiced law; 
 served in the Mexican war; State representative 
 1849-.50, and State senator 1860-1863; served in 
 the Confederate army; lieutenant-governor in 
 1874; elected a Representative from Alabama to 
 the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Lig-on, Thomas Watkins, w as born in Prince 
 Edward County, Va. ; graduated from the Uni- 
 versity of Virginia; stuilied law at Yale College, 
 practicing in Baltimore and other places in Mary- 
 land; elected a Representative from Maryland to 
 the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses as a 
 Democrat; governor of Maryland 1854-1858. 
 
 Lilly, Samuel, was born at Geneva, N. Y., 
 
 Octoljer 28, 1815; studied medicine; commenced 
 practice at Lambertville, N. J.; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New Jersey to the Thirty-third 
 Congress as a Democrat; died at Lambertville, 
 N. J., April 3, 1880. 
 
 Lilly, William, was born at Penn Yan, Yates 
 County, N. Y., June 3, 1S21; moved to Carbon 
 
 County, Pa., in 1838; employed with the Beaver 
 ^leadow Railroad Company; became aconductoi', 
 and shortly was advanced to a position of trust in 
 the administrative department of the road; elected 
 colonel of one of the militia regiments of the 
 Lehigh Valley, and subsequently brigadier-general; 
 elected a member of the Pennsylvania house of 
 representatives in 1850-51; Democrat in politics 
 until 1862, when he became a Republican; at- 
 tended six national Republican conventions, either 
 as delegate or alternate; member of every import- 
 ant Republican State convention; delegate at large 
 to the convention to revise the constitution of 
 Pennsylvania 1872-73; engaged in the mining of 
 anthracite coal; life member of the Academy of 
 Natural Sciences of Philadelphia; member of the 
 Society of .\merican Jlining Engineers; elected a 
 Representative from Pennsylvania to the Fifty- 
 third Congress as a Republican; died December 1, 
 1893. 
 
 Lincoln, Abraham, was born in Hardin County, 
 Ky., February 12, 1809; his parents moved in 1816 
 to Pigeon Creek, Ind. ; worked on his father's farm, 
 receiving some education at the village school; 
 when 19 years of age made a trip to New Orleans 
 as a boatman; moved to Macon County, 111., in 
 1830; private in the thirty days' service in the 
 Black Hawk war, and elected captain when the 
 call for sixty days' service was niaile; appointed 
 postmaster at New Salem in 1832; land sur\e\-or, 
 and began to study law; member of the State leg- 
 islature 1834-1841'; admitted to the bar in 1836, 
 and comnienceil practice at Springfield in 1837; 
 canvassed the State of Illinois for Henry Clay in 
 1844; elected a Representative from Illinois to 
 the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig, and served 
 from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1849; applied 
 for appointment as Commissioner of the (ieneral 
 Land Office; canvassed Illinois in 1858 as camli- 
 date for L'nited States Senator in opposition to 
 Stephen A. Douglas, who was elected by the leg- 
 islature, although the popular vote gave Lincoln a 
 majority of over 4,000; elected President of the 
 L^nited States in 1860 as a Republican, receiving 
 180 electoral votes against 72 electoral votes for 
 ,Tohn C. Breckinridge, 39 electoral votes for John 
 Bell, and 12 electoral votes for S. A. Douglas; 
 inaugurate<l March 4, 1861; issued the first call 
 for troops April 15, 1.S61, and the proclamation of 
 emancipation .January 1, 1863; reelected Presi- 
 dent in 1864, rei'eiving 212 electoral votes against 
 21 electoral votes for George B. McClellan; a,ssas- 
 sinated bv J. "Wilkes Booth April 14; died Ajiril 
 15, 1865. " 
 
 Lincoln, Enoch, was born at Worcester, iMass., 
 December 28, 17S8; graduated from Harvard Col- 
 lege in 1.H17; studied law and commenced practice 
 at Salem, moving thence to various places, finally 
 locating at Paris, Me. ; elected a Representative 
 from Massachusetts (vice Albion K. Parris, re- 
 signed ) to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses; 
 upon Maine liecoming a State, elected to the Sev- 
 enteenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses, 
 serving from November 16, 1818, to his resigna- 
 tion, in 1826, to accept the governorship of Maine; 
 .served as governor until his death, at Augusta, Me., 
 October 8, 1829. 
 
 Lincoln, Levi, was born at Hingham, Mass., 
 May 15. 1749; graduated from Harvard College in 
 ! 1772; studied law, commencing practice at Worces- 
 ter in 1774; elected a Representative from Massa- 
 chusetts to the Sixth Congress ( vice Dwight Foster, 
 resigned), serviu'.' from Feliruarv 6 to March 3, 
 1801; died at Worcester, Mass., April 14, 1820. 
 
()r)4 
 
 fONGRKS8InN.\l, DIKKCTORY. 
 
 Lincoln, Iievi, wim )i<>rii «t Worot'stor, Mass., 
 Oi-tolH-r -.">, ITS-: jiniilimtfil frum lliirvanl ("ulU^jro 
 in 1S02; sliiiliiMl law, lomiMt'iiiiii^ |iruclii'c in 1S(VS; 
 IK'tiiornitic Stalf sfnalur in isr.* an<l State rt'piv- 
 scntalivi- IS14-1SL".': .Iclriratc t» llu" Statcoiiisti- 
 liiliiiiial itvnvi'ntion in IK'JO; flfotcil lieutiMiant- 
 >;»vi'rni>r in ISL'.'i; ap|M>into<l atssoriate justice of the 
 supreme ooiirt in ISLM; ^rnvernor is:?r>-is:{4; elected 
 a Keprest'iitativelriiin Mas.-^achuscttstollu'Twi'nty- 
 tliir<K\>nj;ressasa \Vlii;_',\i<v.li>hn Davis, resij»neil; 
 elected to the Twenty-l'ouiili, Twentv-lifth. ami 
 Twenty-sixth Conjiresses. servini; In mi March 5, 
 IS,'U. to 1S41: collectorof Roston in 1S41; pn'siiient 
 of tlie State senate; IVesiilcntial elector on the 
 Whii; ticket in 1S4S; first mayor of Worcester in 
 1S4S; niemK'r of nnnierons historical ami asricnl- 
 tiiral societies: dieil at Worcester, Mass., Mav L"^', 
 IStiS. 
 
 Lincoln, William S. , was horn at Newark 
 Valley, N. Y., Anpist l.S. ISl.S: atteiiileil the com- 
 mon schools: ensasjed in the leather hnsiness; 
 postmaster of Newark Valley lS;iS-lSHt>; elected a 
 Ucpreseiitative from New York to the Fortieth 
 (.'oM):icss as a Kepnhlii-an. 
 
 Lind, John, of Minneapolis, Minn., wius born in 
 .Swinlen March 2.>, lS.i4; received a i>nhlic school 
 eilucation; attended the State University at Min- 
 neapolis; tauiiht school; read law, anil admittol to 
 the bar in 1S77; appointed receiver of the Tracy 
 laml ortice in ISSl; elected to tlie Fiftieth, Fifty- 
 tirst, and Fifty-second Coiifircsses as a Kt'puhlican; 
 served in the Spanish war as qnartermajiter of the 
 Twelfth Minnesota Kc^imentof \'olnnteei-s: elected 
 jrovernor of Minnesota in ISHS as a Oemocrat: 
 elected to the Fifty-eii;hth Conj»res8. 
 
 Lindley, James J., was l)orn at Manstield, 
 (thio, January 1. 1S2-: moveii to Cynthia. Ky.; 
 attended Woodville follejie, Ohio; studieil law, 
 eommencin); practice at Monticello, Mo.; elected 
 ciri-uit attorney in lS4Saml 1S.VJ; elected a Kepre- 
 sentalive from Mis.souri to the Thirty-thinI ami 
 Thirty-fourth Ci^npresses as a AVhig; moved to 
 Davenport. Iowa. 
 
 Lindsay, George Henry, of Brooklyn, N. Y'., 
 was Ixirn at New York t'ity, and moviHl to Brooklyn 
 in 1S4.5: educatedin the public schools and enjr.ijied 
 in the hotel business: elected to the State assembly 
 lS,su'-lS,S(i; coroner; appointed assistant tax coin- 
 mi.ssionerin ISdS; elected to the Fifty-seventh and 
 Fifly-eiirhtli t"ongre.s.ses as a Democrat. 
 
 Lindsay, William, of Frankfort, Ky., waslnirn 
 in KockbriiliTc (.'onnty, Va.. SeptenilKT 4, is;i.5: 
 settled in Clinton, Hickman County, Ky.. in No- 
 vemtK-r, l.>v"-i4; commenivd the practice of law in 
 1S.'>S: served in the Confeilerate army from .Inly, 
 IStJl, till May, l.stw>: paroUsl as prisoner of war at 
 Columbus, Miss., May Iti, l.'^tio; resumed practice; 
 ele<'t<-<l State senator in Au;;ust, IStiT; ele<-ted jmlire 
 of the Kentucky court of appeals in .\uirust, \S70; 
 server! till SeiitemlH-r. 1S7S; from Septemlier, ISTti, 
 until Septemlier, 1.S7.S, chief justice of the court; 
 pnicticetl law in Frankfort, Ky.; elected !»tate 
 senator in .\ui;iist, 1SS9; servi-tl as a nu'iiiber of 
 the World's Columbian Commis-sion for the coun- 
 try at lan;e fmin the orvpmi/jition of the Commis- 
 sion until February 'At, IS'Xi; ap|Hlintt^l as iiieui- 
 IxT of the Interstate C.ommeri'e Commission in 
 .Tanmiry, \x\>'J, but decline<l: elected al'nittil.'Ntates 
 Si'iiator as a Deino<-rat on February 14, ISWi. to 
 till the vacancy cau.seil bv the resinnation of .John 
 <t. Carlisli'; reelected in January, ISiM, ami serve<l 
 until March S. IIHU; moved to New York City 
 and resnmetl the practice of law: in Mardi. H'Ol. 
 
 appoint<>d I'nited States commissioner to the St. 
 lAiiiis Kxposition. 
 
 Lindsey, Stephen D., was born at Norridne- 
 wock, .Me., March 'A, IS'.'M; received an academic 
 eibication; studieil law; admitted to the bar, and 
 commenced practice in b^W; clerk of the judicial 
 courts in .Scmierset County lS."i7-lStiO; memlier of 
 fhe.'^tate house of representatives in l.'viHanil of the 
 senate in I.><ii,s-|.s70, and president of the senate in 
 ISIKI; deleiiate to the national Kepublican conven- 
 tions of bsdOamI l.si>.S; memln'r of the executive 
 council of Maine in IS74; electi-d to the Forty-tilth, 
 Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congress«'S as a 
 Kepublican; ilied at Norridtiewink, Me., April 28, 
 1S.K4. 
 
 Lindsley, James Oirard, of Rondout. N. Y., 
 was Ixirn at Orange, N. ,1., March 19, ISUi; eilu- 
 catinl at ilistrict schools. Hansom's Military Acad- 
 emy, and Pierson's Oranjie Classical School; rt'.si- 
 dent ajrent and manager of the Newark Lime and 
 Cement Manufactnrintr Comiiany at Iu>iid<int: 
 elei-ted trustee of the village of Kondont 1«.'>1*- 
 l)<(i4; elected |iresiilcnt of the village of Komlout 
 in 1S.1L', 1S(>7, IStiS, and ISiid; elected suiH'rvisor 
 of Kinpiton in March, 1S7L'. and in .Vpril elected 
 the tirst mayor of Kin>rston, to which office he 
 was reelected for six consecutive years; electeil to 
 the Fi>rty-ninth Congress as a Kepublican. 
 
 Lindsley, William D.. was a native of Con- 
 necticut; attended the common schools; moved to 
 Sandusky, Ohio; elected a Representative from 
 Ohio to the Tliirty-thinl Congress as a Democrat; 
 defeated for the Thirty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Linn, Archibald L., was born in New York 
 City t»ctobcr l."i. ISdi': graduatol from rnion Col- 
 lege; studied law, and commeiici>d ]>racticeat Sche- 
 nectady; elected a Kepiv.s«>ntative from New York 
 to the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig: State 
 representative in 1S44: died at S<'henectadv, N. Y'., 
 OctoKr 10, 18,57. 
 
 Linn, John, was born in New Jersey in ITtH; 
 elected a Representative from New .lersey to the 
 Fifteenth ami .sixteenth Congre.sses, serving until 
 his death, .lamiary •">, 1821. 
 
 Linn, Lewis Fields, was l>orn near Ixiuisville, 
 Ky., NovemtHT ri, 17!H>; received an academic 
 eilucation: studieil medicine; serveil in the war of 
 1812; commenciii practice at St. (ienevieve. Mo.; 
 State rcprt^sentative in 1827; aiii«iinte<1 in 18.S2 on 
 the French land-claims comniission in Mis.«ouri: 
 apixiinted a I'niteil States Senator from Missouri 
 as a Dem<x-rat ( vice Alexander Buckner, deceased) , 
 and thrtH> times elei-ted, serving from Det'emlxr 
 Iti, 18;«. until his <leath, at St. (ienevieve. Mo., 
 October .S. 1S4.S. 
 
 Linney, Romulus Z., of Taylorsville, Alex- 
 ander County, N. C, was Inirn in Rutherfonl 
 County, N. C., December 2i>, 1.S41: ednoitcil in 
 the common schools, at York's Collegiate Institute, 
 and at Dr. Milieu's .scIuhiI at Taylorsville; s«'rve»l 
 in the Confederate army until the battle of t^han- 
 cellorsvillc. wheri' he was .s«'verely wounded; 
 returneil to Taylorsville and joined a class in I>r. 
 Milieu's school; studii>il law; admitteil to the bar 
 by the supri'ine court in 1.S6S; electeil to the State 
 senate in 187(1, 187.'{. and aiwin in I.S.S2: by profes- 
 sion a lawyer: ele»'te<l to the Fifty-fourth Congri'ss 
 as a Republican, and reelectol to the Fifty-tifth 
 and Fifty-sixth Congre.*st'S. 
 
 Linton, William Seel^e, of .Saginaw, Mich., 
 was born at St. Clair. .Mich., Febniary 4, is.5t;; 
 moved with his parents to Sa-inaw. Mich.: cdu- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 655 
 
 cated in the pulilio schools; (■oinnienced clerking 
 at Farwell, Mich.; member of Bay County board 
 of supervisors; again moved to Saginaw in 1879; 
 engaged in the lumber and salt business; elected a 
 member of the East S;igina\v common council in 
 1883, serving two terms; elected repi'esentative to 
 the Michigan legislature of 1887-88; jiresident 
 of the People's Building and Loan Association of 
 Saginaw County: president of the ^Michigan State 
 League of Building and Loan Associations during 
 1891; candidate for lieutenant-governor on the 
 Republican State ticket in 1890; president of the 
 Saginaw water 1 loard ; mayor of Saginaw 1 892-1894 ; 
 elected to the Fifty-third Congress as a Republican, 
 and reelecte<l to the Fifty-fourth Congress; ap- 
 pointed postmaster at Saginaw, Mich., by President 
 McKinley. 
 
 Lisle, Marcus Claiborne, was born September 
 2;^, 18(12, in Clark County, Ky.; educated in the 
 common schools and at Kentucky University; took 
 a course in law at Columbia College Law School, 
 New York; began the practice of law at AVinches- 
 ter, Ky., in 1887; elected county judge of Clark 
 County, Kv., in 1890; elected as a Democrat to the 
 Fifty-third Congress; died July 7, 1894. 
 
 Litchfield, Elisha, was born at Canterbury, 
 Conn., in 179.'>; attended the common schools; 
 learned the carpenter's trade; moved to Fompey 
 (now Delhi), N. Y.; postmaster; became a mer- 
 chant; State representative in 1819 and again 
 elected in 1832-18:34 and 1844; speaker of the 
 liouse in 1844; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; died at Cazenovia, N. Y., 
 August 4, 1859. 
 
 Littauer, Lucius Nathan, of Gloversville, 
 N. Y., was Inirn there .January 20, 18.79; moved to 
 New York City in 18(i."5; educated there at Charlier 
 Institute; entered Harvard Cniver.sity, andgradu- 
 ate<l in 1878; member of Harvard University crew 
 and University football team ; engaged in the glove- 
 maiuifacturing businessof his fatheratGloversville, 
 to which he succeeded in 1882; officer and director 
 of many commercial and financial institutions; 
 elected to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, 
 and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Little, Edward P., was born in Massachusetts 
 in 1788; attended the public schools; served in the 
 war of 1812; State representative from Marshfield 
 1829-1834 and 1835-18.'W; elected a Representative 
 from Massachusetts to the Thirty-second Congress 
 as a Democrat (vice Orin Fowler, deceased), serv- 
 ing from December 30, 18.52, to 1853; appointed 
 customs collector at Plymouth, Mass., 1853-1857. 
 
 Little, John, of Xenia, Ohio, wa,s born in 
 Greene County, Ohio, in 1837; attended common 
 school and Antioch College, graduating in 1862; 
 admitted to the bar in 1865; twice elected prose- 
 cuting attorney of Greene County, 1866 and 1868; 
 twice to the house of representatives of Ohio, 1869 
 anil 1871; twice attorney-general of Ohio; elected 
 to the Forty-ninth Congress as a Republican; 
 appointed a member of the United States and 
 Venezuela Claims Commission in 18,S9 liy Presi- 
 dent Harrison, and was its chairman. 
 
 Little, John Sebastian, of Greenwood, .Vrk., 
 was born at Jenny Lind, Seba,stian County, Ark., 
 March 15, 1853; educated in the common schools 
 and at Cane Hill College, Arkansas; admitted to 
 the bar in' 1874; elected district attorney in 1877, 
 and reelected for four successive terms; elected a 
 representative to the legislature in 1884; elected 
 circuit judge for a term of four years in 1886; 
 
 chosen chairman of the State judicial convention 
 in 1893; in September, 1894, elected to till the un- 
 expired term of C. R. Breckinridge in the Fifty- 
 third Congre.^is asa Democrat; elected to the Fiftv- 
 fourth, Fifty-tifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, aiid 
 Fifty -eighth Congresses. 
 
 Little, Joseph J., of New York, N. Y., was 
 born at Bristol, England, June 5, 1841; emigrated 
 with his parents to the United States in 184H, and 
 settled at Morris, Otsego County, N. Y.; educated 
 in the village districtschool ; apprentii'ed tothe local 
 printer, and entered a New York book-printing 
 office to complete his trade; served in the Union 
 Army, 1862-1.S64, as corporal, first sergeant, and 
 first lieutenant; established a printing business in 
 1867; memlier of the board of education andchair- 
 man of committee on buildings; member of the 
 New York World's Fair committee; elected to the 
 Fifty-second Congress as a Democrat to fill the un- 
 expired term of Roswell P. Flower. 
 
 Little, Peter, was born in Petersburg, Pa., 
 about 1775; attended the common schools; me- 
 chanic; moved to Maryland; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Maryland to tlie Twelfth Ci)ngress as a 
 Democrat, and to the Fourteenth (vice Williani 
 Pinkney, resigned! , Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Seven- 
 teenth, Eighteenth, Nineteentli, and Twentieth 
 Congresses; died in Baltimore Countv, Md., Feb- 
 ruary 5, 1830. 
 
 Littlefield, Charles Edgar, of Rockland, Me., 
 was born June 21, 1851, at Lebanon, York County, 
 Me.; received a common school education and 
 studied law; admitted tothe bar in 1876; member 
 of the Maine legislature in 1885, and speaker of the 
 house in 1887; attornev-general of the State from 
 1889 to 1893: elected to the Fifty-sixth Congress 
 June 19, 1899, to fill the vacancy cau.«ed by the 
 death of Nelson Dingley, and reelected to the Fifty- 
 seventh and Fifty-eighth Congresses. 
 
 Littlefield, Nathaniel S. , was born at Wells, 
 Me., September 20, 1804; attended the common 
 schools and studied law, commencing practi<'e at 
 Bridgeton; State senator 1837-1839; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Elaine to the Twenty-seventh 
 Congress as a Democrat, to the Thirty-first as a 
 Cass Democrat; State representati\e in 1854. 
 
 Littlejohu, De WittC, was born at Bridge- 
 water, N. J., February 7, 1818; received an aca- 
 demiceducation; merchant; heldseveral important 
 local offices; State representative 18.53-1857, five 
 years as speaker of the house, 18.59-1861, 1866-67, 
 and 1870-71 ; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican. 
 
 Livermore, Arthur, was born at Londonderry, 
 N. H., July 26, 1776; studied law, and commenced 
 practice at Concord and Chester; State representa- 
 tive and State senator; superior court justice 
 1799-1816; Presidential elector on the Feceralist 
 ticket in 1800; elected a Representati\e from New 
 Hamiishire to the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Eight- 
 eenth Congresses as a Democrat; chief justice of 
 the common pleas court 1825-1833; died at Camp- 
 ton, X. H., July 1, 18.53. 
 
 Livermore, Edward St. Loe, was born at 
 Portsmouth, X. II., April 5, 1762; pursued classical 
 and legal studies, corauiencing the practice of law 
 at Concord: State solicitor for Rockingham County 
 1791-1793; supreme court justice 1797-1 79Si; 
 moved to Boston, Mass.; elected a Representative 
 from Ma.'^sachusetts to the Tenth and Eleventh 
 Congresses; died at Lowell, Mass., September 15, 
 1832. 
 
(;.")(> 
 
 CONGRESSIONAI, DIKKCTORY, 
 
 Livermore, Samuel, was Imrn at Walthain, 
 MiUiM., May H, \':i\i (did styli'); Krailuiited from 
 Na-i-an Hail, I'rincftnn, N..I., in 17'>-; stiulieil law, 
 and cuiiiiiu'iicfd imii'tice in 17">H at I'nrtsinoiith, 
 N. II.; niinilKT of the general court 17f)S-1770; 
 niovitl to Ilolderness in 177">; State attorney for 
 three years; Oelejntte to the Continental Conjiress 
 17f<0 to hir> refijinalion, .hnie "Jl, 17.S2, ami ajrain in 
 \~iV>; chief jn^tice of the Stale .-upreine court 
 17.H2-178!); elected a Ke|>resentativc from New 
 Hanii>!-hire to the Kii-st and Second ("oiifiresses; 
 twice elected a Inited States Senator, serving from 
 17!l.'{to his ri-siirnation in ISOI; diedat IIoMerness, 
 X. H., May l.s, l,sO:i. 
 
 Livingston, Edward, was horn at Clermont, 
 Livinp'ton Manor, N. Y., May L'li, 17ii-}; <.'radi!alcil 
 from I'rincelon Colle-je in 17S1; studied law, and 
 connnemcil practice at New York t'ity in 17So; 
 elected a Hepresentative from New York to the 
 Fourth, Kifth, anil Sixth Conjrresses jls a Democrat; 
 United States district attorney March 27, ISOl. to 
 July L'.'i, 180:;; mayor of New York City 1S01-1S(«; 
 moveil to New Orleans in 18(14; author of a leiral 
 eoile for Louisiana; served at the hat lie of New Or- 
 leans in lsl."i: elected a Kepresentativi' fnun Louisi- 
 ana to the Ki^hteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth 
 Conjiresses a.s a .Tackson Democrat ; elect ei 1 a United 
 States Senator from Louisiana, serving from Decem- 
 ber 7, 182!t, until his resiirtiation, Mav 24, 18:11; 
 Secretary of State, May 24, I8,n, to May 29. l,s:)3; 
 minister plenipotentiary to Franiv May 29, 18:i:l, 
 to A|)ril 2.8, 18:>5; died at Rhineheck, N. Y., Mav 
 2:^, I8:«i. 
 
 Livingston, Henry Walter, wa's born at Lin- 
 lithgo, N. Y., in 171)8; grailuated from Yale Col- 
 lege in 17.S(i; studie<l law ami commenced practice 
 in New York City; setretary to the minister pleni- 
 potentiary to Paris, France, 1792-1794; common 
 plea-s judge of Columbia County; elected a Kepre- 
 sentative from New York to the F.ighth and Ninth 
 Congresses; died at Liulithgo, N. Y., December 22, 
 1810. 
 
 Livingston, Leonidas Felix, of Covington, 
 (ia., waslxiru in Newton County, (ia.. April 3, 18.32; 
 of Scotch-Irish descent; his gramlfather emigrated 
 to this country from north Ireland, and serveil 
 under tieneral Washington during the Revolution- 
 ary war; educated in the common schools; farmer 
 by oi-cupatioii; private soldier in the Confederate 
 Army from .\ugust, 1.8|>I, to May, 1.8(i.); for two 
 terms a memlier of the house of representatives 
 and one term a member of the State senate; vice- 
 president of the Georgia State Agricidtural Society 
 for eleven years and president of the same for four 
 years; president of the (.ieorgia State .Mlianee for 
 three years; elected to the Fiftv-seeond, Fifty- 
 third, "Fifty-fourth. Fifty-lifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty- 
 seventh, ami Fifty-eighth Congr«'.s.-es as a Demo- 
 crat. 
 
 Livingston, Philip, wasbomat .\ll)any, N. Y., 
 January l.'i, 171t); grailuated from Yale College in 
 1737; merchant in New York City; alderman 
 17o4-17.iS; niemlK'f of the provincial house of 
 repres«'ntatives 17.^9-17t>9; active in pre-Revolu- 
 tionary nii>venient.s; Delegate from New York to 
 the Continental Congress 1774-1778; presiileni of 
 the New York provimial congress 177.">; .'^tate rep- 
 resentative in 177l>, and State .senator: prominent 
 in commercial and educational soi-ieties; <lied at 
 York, I'a., June 12, 1778. 
 
 Livingston, Robert Le Roy, w;ls a native of 
 New York; graduated from Princeton College in 
 1784; elected a Represenlalive from New York to 
 
 the Eleventh and Twelfth ConBres.ses an a Feder- 
 alist, serving until his resignation. May t>, 1812, to 
 become a lieutenant-colonel in the war of 1812. 
 
 Livingston, Robert R. . was iMim at New 
 York City, NovcimIht 27, 174<1: graduated from 
 King's Collegi- in 17t>.'); studied law, and com- 
 menced practice in New York; city rec<irder 1773- 
 177.1; nn-ml)er of the colonial assendily 177."); Del- 
 I egato from New York to Ihi' Continental Congress 
 177.1-1777 and 1779-1781; seiretary of foreign 
 affairs .\ugnst, 1781, to August. 178.3; delegate to 
 the State eonstitutioiuil convention in .\pril, 1777; 
 chancellor of New York State 1777-1.801; minister 
 pleniiioteutiary to France I.801-18(»4; prominent 
 in local affairs: died at Clermont, N. Y.. February 
 21), 1813. 
 
 Livingston, Walter, was liorn in 1740; Dele- 
 gate to the Continental Congress from .New York 
 17.84-8.'); died at New York City May 14, 1797. 
 
 Ihanv, 
 1 Yale 
 •tice in 
 
 .,^r„ 1,'irv, »-'tm'i iiiv I lit i,'| ,,;'iii it'll i ixi'UfCtOr in 
 
 17.')2; moved to Klizabdh, N.J..in 1773; Delegate 
 from New Jeivey to the Continental Congress 
 1774-1771); brigadier-general of militia in 1775; 
 governor of New Jersey 177t>-1790: ileleg:ite to the 
 Federal constitutional convention in 1787; pub- 
 lished several poems and political pam])hlet.«: dit-d 
 at Elizabeth. N. J., July 2.i, 1790. 
 
 Lloyd, Edward, wjis a Delegate from Mary- 
 lanil to the Continental Congress 178;i-84. 
 
 Lloyd, Edward, w.ishorn in Marylan<I in 1779; 
 electeil a Kcpre.-ientative froni Maryland to the 
 Ninth Congress (vice Josejih II. Nicholson, re- 
 signed), and al.-^o the Tenth Con!;re,.-s, serving 
 from December 3, 1806, to 18(W; governor 1809- 
 1811; electe<l a United States Senator from .Mary- 
 land, serving from December 27, 1819, until his 
 wsignatiou, Januarj', 1826: president of the State 
 senate 182l>-1831; died :!t .Vnnapolis, Md.. June 2, 
 1.8.34. 
 
 Lloyd, James, was a native of Maryland; pur- 
 sued classical studies; elected a United States .Sen- 
 ator from Maryland (vice John Henry, resigneill, 
 serving from January 11, 1798, until his resigna- 
 tion, December 1. 1.8(10. 
 
 Lloyd, James, was Ivorn at Boston, Mass., in 
 17<)9: graduated from Harvard Collegi' in 1787; 
 merchant; visited St. Petersburg; returning to 
 Boston, was a State senator and representative; 
 elected a Unite<l States Senator from .M!Ls.saclui- 
 setts as a FtMleralift (vice John tiuincy .\dams, 
 resigneil) anil reelected, serving from Noveml)er 
 7, 1808, until his resignation in 1813; again elected 
 a Unite<l States .SMiator from Ma.ssachusetts (vice 
 Harrison (iray Otis, resigned) and n-elected, serv- 
 ing from December 2, 1822, until his resignation, 
 Mav 2:{, 182(); moved to Philadelphia, Pa.; diinl 
 at New York City, April ."i, 18;il. 
 
 Lloyd, James T., of Shelby ville. Mo., was born 
 at Canton, in Lewis Coimty, Mo.. .Vugust 27, 18.i7: 
 gradnati-^l from Christian University at Canton, 
 Mo., in 1878; taught .scluml; admitteil to the H\t, 
 and practiced: prosecuting attorney of his county 
 from 1889 to 1893; electetl to the Fifty-lh'th t'oii- 
 gress as a Democrat at a s|>ecial election held June 
 1, 1,897, to till the vacancy oceiusione<l by the 
 death of K. P. liiles, I)ennK-rat, and reelecteil to 
 the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth 
 Congresses, 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 657 
 
 . Loan, Benjamin F. , \v;is born at Hardinsbury, 
 Ky., Octolier 4, 1819; pursued academic studies, 
 and studied law; moved to Jlissoiiri in 1S38; Ijrig- 
 adier-general in the Union Army; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Missouri to the Thirty-eighth and 
 Thirty-ninth Congresses as an Emani'ipationist 
 and to the Fortieth Congress as a Radical. 
 
 Locke, Francis, was born in Rowan County, 
 N. C, October 31, 176(3; stuilied and practiced law; 
 superior court judge 1803-1814, resigning; Presi- 
 dential elector 1809; elected a United States Sena- 
 tor from North Carohna in 1814, resigning in 1815 
 without taking the seat; died January 8, 1823. 
 
 Locke, John, was born at Hopkinton, Mass., 
 in 1764; graduated from Harvard College in 17M2; 
 studied law, commencing practice at Ashbv in 
 1796; State representative 1804-5, 1813, and 1823; 
 delegate to the State constitutional convention of 
 1820; elected a Representative from Massachusetts 
 to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth 
 Congresses; State senator 1830, and executive 
 councilor in 1831; moved to Lowell in 1837, thence 
 to Boston in 1849; died at Boston, JNIass., March 
 29, 1855. 
 
 Locke, Matthew, was born in Rowan Count)', 
 N. C, in 1730; a strong patriot during the Revo- 
 lution; member of the house of commons of North 
 Carolina in 1775, and of the State constitutional 
 convention in 1776; elected a Representative from 
 North Carolina to the Third, Fourth, and Fifth 
 Congresses, being defeated for the Sixth Congress; 
 died at Salisbury, X. C, September 7, 1801. 
 
 Lockhart, James, was born at Auburn, N. Y., 
 Feliruary 13, 1806; moved to Indiana in 1832; 
 studied law and commenced practice at Evansville, 
 Ind., in 1834; prosecuting attorney 1841— 42; judge 
 of the fourth judicial district 1845-1851; delegate 
 to the State constitutional convention of 1850; 
 elected a Representative from Indiana to the 
 Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat; elected to 
 Thirty-fifth Congress; died at Evansville, Ind., 
 September 7, 1857, before taking his seat. 
 
 Lockhart, James Alexander, of Wadesboro, 
 
 N. C., was born in Anson County, N. C, June 2, 
 1850; attended the country schools and worked on 
 his lather's farm; graduated from Trinity College, 
 North Carolina, June, 1873; read law in "Charlotte 
 and licensed to practice in 1874; settled at Wade.s- 
 l)oro, where he practiced his profession; mayor in 
 1875; elected to the liouse of representatives of the 
 general assembly in 1878 and to the State senate in 
 1880; elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a Dem- 
 ocrat; his seat was successfully contested by C. H. 
 Martin, who took the seat June 5, 1896; resumed 
 the practice of law. 
 
 Lockwood, Daniel N., of Buffalo, N. Y., was 
 born at Hamburg, Erie County, N. Y., June 1, 
 1844; graduated from Union College, Schenectady, 
 N. Y., in 1865; studied law; admitted to tlie bar 
 ol the supreme court in May, 1866, and practiced 
 at Buffalo; elected district attorney for Erie County 
 in 1874 for three years; a Representative from New- 
 York to the Forty-fifth Congress; delegate to the 
 Deuioeratic national conventions in 1880 and in 
 1884; United States attorney for the northern dis- 
 tric' ot New York from October, 1886, to June, 
 1889, when he resigned; elected to the Fifty-second 
 Congress as a Democrat, and reelected to the 
 Fiitv-third Congress; resumed the practice of law 
 at Buffalo, N. Y. 
 
 Lodge, Henry Cabot, of Nahant, Ma.ss., was 
 born at Boston, JIass., May 12, 1850; received a 
 
 H. Doc. iSS i2 
 
 private school and collegiate education; gra<luated 
 from Harvard College in 1871; studied law at Har- 
 vard Law School and graduated in 1875, receiving 
 the degree of LL. B. ; admitted to the Suffolk bar 
 in 1876; in the same year received the degree of 
 Ph. D. frcini Harvard University for his thesis on 
 "The Land Lawof the Anglo-Saxons;" profe.ssion, 
 that of literature; published, 1877, Life and Letters 
 of George Cabot; 1881, Short History of the Eng- 
 lish Colonies in America; 1882, Life "of Alexander 
 Hamilton; 1883, Life of Daniel Webster; 1885, 
 edited the works of Alexander Hamilton in nine 
 volumes; pulilished, in 1886, Studies in History; 
 1889, Life of Washington, two volumes; 1891, His- 
 tory of Boston (in the Historic Towns Series, pub- 
 lislied by the Longmans); 1892, Historical and 
 Political Essays, and a vohmie of selections from 
 speeches; 1895, in conjunction with Theodore 
 Roosevelt, Hero Tales from American History; 
 
 1897, Certain Accepted Heroes, and other essays; 
 
 1898, Story of the Revolution, two volumes; 1899, 
 Story of the Spanish War; 1902, A Fighting Frigate, 
 and other essays; member of the Massacliusetts 
 Historical Society, of the Virginia Historical Soci- 
 ety, of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 
 of the New England Historic and Genealogical 
 Society, and of the American Anti<juarian Societv; 
 recei\-ed the degree of doctor of laws from Williams 
 College; permanent chairman of the Republican 
 national convention which met at Philarlelphia 
 June 19, 1900; served two terms as member of the 
 house of representatives of the Massachusetts leg- 
 islature; elected to the Fiftieth, Fifty-tirst, Fifty- 
 second, and Fifty-third Congresses as a Republican; 
 elected to the Senate January 17, 1893, to succeed 
 Henry L. Dawes; resigned liis seat in the House 
 and took his seat in the Senate IMarch 4, 1893; 
 and reelected in 1899. 
 
 Lofland, James B., was born at Jlilford, Del., 
 November 2, 1823; graduated from Delaware Col- 
 lege in 1845; studied law and commenced practice 
 at Milford; secretary of the State senate in 1849; 
 member of the State constitutional convention in 
 1853; secretary of the State of Delaware 1855-1859; 
 paymaster in the U. S. Army 1863-1867; elected 
 a Representative from Delaware to the Forty-third 
 Congress as a Republican; died February 10, 1894. 
 
 Logan, Georg-e, was born at Stenton, Pa., Sep- 
 tember 9, 1753; pursued classical studies; gradu- 
 ated from the Edinburg ]MedicaI School; after 
 extensive traveling returned in 1779; scientific 
 farmer; State rejjresentative; electeil a United 
 States Senator from Pennsylvania as a Democrat 
 (vice Peter Muhleuburg, resigned), serving from 
 December 7, 1801 to 1807; went to J^ngland in 
 1810; published several agricultural pamphlets; 
 died at Stenton, Pa., April 9, 1821. 
 
 Logan, Henry, was a native of Pennsylvania; 
 lived at Dillsburg; elected a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty- 
 fifth Congresses as a Jackson Democrat. 
 
 Logan, John A., was born in Jackson County, 
 111., where he received a common school educa- 
 tion, and sulisequently graduated from the Louis- 
 ville University; enlisted as a private in the Illi- 
 nois Volunteers and became quartermaster in the 
 war with Mexico; elected clerk of the Jackson 
 County court in 1849; studieil and practiced law; 
 elected to the legislature of Illinois in 1852, 1853, 
 1856, and 1857; prosecuting attorney from 1853 to 
 1857; Presidential elector in 1856; "elected to the 
 Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses; re- 
 signed and entered the Union Army as colonel, 
 and reached the rank oi major-general in the war 
 
658 
 
 CONORES8IONAI. DIRKCTOliV. 
 
 for tlio puppression <it' the ri>l)('llinn; appointeil 
 niitiistiT ti> Slexico in l.Htiii, hut di'diiii'd; I'lci'tcd 
 to the Kiirtit'tliiiinl rurtv-lirfl ('uii^n'sscs; clc'itc'"! 
 to the I'liilvd Mules Si-iuito as a l{f|Hil>lican, wrv- 
 in;;(r<)iii Mar<li4, 1S71, to Manli .'f, ls77; ivsmiicil 
 till' |>iactiiv of law at Cliiiap); a;:aiu eU'cti-d to 
 till' I'liiteil States Senate niiil took his seat March 
 18, IS7SI; reoleeted in 1SS5; <lied at Washington, 
 D. C, December 2(>, 188(5. 
 
 Log'an, William, was born at llarrodslmrjr, 
 Ky., i>e(cMid)er S, 177li; |iursued ilassiial stnilies; 
 stndiecllaw; delegate to the State lonsli tut ionali'on- 
 vention in 179V); twiee speaker of tht^ State honse 
 of representatives; twice ehosen jud^eof tlieconrt 
 of appeals; elected a rnite<l States Senator from 
 Kentucky, i-ervin;; from December (>, 181'J, until 
 his resiijnation in 1820; ilied at Ilarrodsbnrji, Kv., 
 August's, 1822. 
 
 Long, Alexander, was born at Greenville, Pa., 
 Deciiulier 24, Ispi; received an academic educa- 
 tion; studied law and commenceii practice at Cin- 
 cinnati, Ohio; Stale representative 1S48— lil; elected 
 a Kepresentative from Ohio to the Thirty-eijihth 
 (.'onjiress as a Democrat; delegate to the Demo- 
 cratic convention at Chicago in lSt)4. 
 
 Long, Chester, I., of Medicine Lodge, Kans., 
 was born in Perry County, Pa., October 12, 18ti(l; 
 moved with his parents to Daviess County, JIo., 
 in l.sii.'), whi-re lie resided until 187!t, when he 
 moved to Paola, Kans. ; received an academic edu- 
 cation; studied lawaml admitted to the bar. March 
 4, 1885, and located at Medicine l^)dge; engage<l 
 in the practice of hi.'? profession; elected to the 
 State senate in 188;i; elected to tlie Fifty-fourth, 
 Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, an<l Fifty-eighth Con- 
 pres.sesasa Kepublican; elected a rnitrrl States Sen- 
 ator from Kansas to succeed William A. Harris, 
 Januarv 27, lit03, for the term ending March .'i, 
 1909. 
 
 Long, Edward H., was born in Maryland in 
 18(IS; graduated from Yale College; studied law 
 and coiumenced jiractice in Princess .Vnnc County; 
 State representative; elected a Kepre.seiitative from 
 Marylami to the Twenty-ninth Congre.ss as a 
 Whig; died in Somerset Countv, Md., October 12, 
 181)5. 
 
 Long, John, was a native of Loudoun County, 
 Va.; tH'iame a farmer in R;indolpli County, X. C. ; 
 State senator in 18U; elected a Kepresentative 
 from North Carolina to the Seventeenth, Fjght- 
 eenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congres.«es. 
 
 Long, John Benjamin, fif Kusk, Tex., was 
 born in the county of Nacogdoches September 8, 
 184:5; moved with his parents to Rusk, Tex., in 
 18411; limited education; became a member of the 
 Order of Patrons of Husbandry in 1874; overseer 
 of the Texas Slate (irange and president of the 
 Texa.s FarnuT Cooperative Publishing .\.s.socialioii; 
 elected to the Fifty-second Congre.ss as a Demo- 
 crat; editor of the liKhistrial Press. 
 
 Long, John D., of Hingham, Ma.ss., was born 
 at I'.ncklield, Oxford County, Me., October 27, 
 l.'<.>8; eihicalecl in the commim school at Buckfield, 
 and at Hebron .\ca<leniy, .Maine; graduated from 
 Harvard College in 1857; taught school two years 
 in West ford Academy, Mas.siichu.s<lts; studied law 
 at the Harvard Ijiw School and in private ollices; 
 udmitled to the bar and practii'ed; mendierof the 
 Massachusetts house of representatives 1875-1878, 
 serving the last three years as speaker of the 
 house; lieutenant-governor of Ma.s.sachnsetts in 
 
 1879; elected governor of MasaachwsetLs in 1880, 
 1881, and 1882; elected to the Forty-eighth Con- 
 gn ss as a Kepublican and reelected ti llie Forty- 
 ninth and Fiftieth Congres-s-s; Secrelarv of the 
 Navv from .Man-h 5, l.si)7, imtil his resignation, 
 .May I, 19(12. 
 
 Long, Pierce, was born at Portsmouth, N. II., 
 
 in 17:i9; receiving a gooil education, engaged in 
 the shipping business; delegate to the provincial 
 congress of New Hampshire in 1775; serveil in the 
 Kevolutionary war; Delegate fmrnNew Hampshire 
 to the Continental Congress 1784-17KI); Staleeoim- 
 eilor 178(>-178!l; delegate to the constiintional 
 convention 1788; customs collector at Port.smouth, 
 N. II., from .lanuarv, 1789, until his death, .\pril 
 .'5, 1789. 
 
 Longfellow. Stephen, was born at (iorhain, 
 Mass. I now Maine), .lune 2:5, 1775; graduated 
 from Harvard College in 1798; stndieil law, and 
 connnence<l practice at Portlaml, Me, in 1801; 
 'lelegale to the Hartford convention in 1814; 
 elected a Kepre.sentative from Maine to the ICight- 
 eenth Congress as a Federalist; president of the 
 Maine Historical Society in 18:54; died at Port- 
 land, Me., August 2, 1849. 
 
 Longnecker, Henry C, was born in Allen 
 Township, Cuml)erland Countv, Pa.. April 17, 
 1820; graduated from the Norwich Military .Vcad- 
 emy of Vermont and Lafayette College, Pennsyl- 
 vania; studied law; wounded in the Mexican war; 
 elected ilistrict attorney of I>ehigh County, Pa., 
 in 1848; eleited a Kepresentative from Penn.syl- 
 vania to the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Kepub- 
 lican; colonel of volunteers in the civil war; 
 appointed an a.ssociate judge of Lehigh Countv in 
 18(57; died at Lehigh, Pa., September l(i, 1871'. 
 
 Longyear, John W., was Ixirn at Shandaken, 
 N. Y., October 22, 182(1; pui-sueil cla.ssical studie.s; 
 studieil and connnenced practicing law in Lan- 
 sing, -Mich., in 184(>; elected a Kepresentative 
 from Michigan to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty- 
 ninth Congn'.s.ses as a Kepublican; district court 
 judge of -Michigan in 1870; died at Detroit, Mich., 
 March 10, 1.S75. 
 
 Loomis, Andrew W. , of New Lislwn, Ohio, 
 was elected a Kejiresentative from Ohio to the 
 Twenly-hfth Congress as a Whig, serving until 
 his resignation, October 20, 18:57. 
 
 Loomis, Arphaxad, was born in AVinchester, 
 Conn., .\pril 9, 179S; atlende<l the public schools; 
 located at Little Falls; elected a Kepresentative 
 from New York to the Twenty-fifth Congress as a 
 Democrat; State repre.sentative in 1841-42 and 
 18.53; died at Little Falls, N. Y., Sei)teiuber 15, 
 1885. 
 
 Loomis, Dwight, was bomat Columbia, Conn., 
 
 .Tilly 27, 1821; received a limited e<liication; stiidietl 
 law at the New Haven Law School, commencing 
 practice at Kockville, Comi.; State representative 
 in 1851; elected a Ki^prcsentative from Coimectiiut 
 to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Congres.se8 
 as a Kepublican; api)ointe<i supreme court judge 
 of the State. 
 
 Lord, Frederick William, wsls born at Lyme, 
 Conn., I'ei'emlHTll, ls( Hl;grailuated from Yale Col- 
 lege in 1821 and recei veil an M. D. from the samecol- 
 lege in 1829, teaching several years in the interval; 
 l)racticeil at Sag Harbor for hfti-en years; inoye<l 
 to (ireenport; elected a Kepresentative from New 
 Vork to the Thirtieth Congress; died at New York 
 City Ma> 24, 1800. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 659 
 
 Lord, Henry W. , of Detroit, Mich., was born 
 at Nortliainptnii, ilanj^., Maroh 8, 1821; received 
 an acaileniic ei.lucatinn at Amlover, Jlass. ; moved 
 to Detroit, Midi., in 1839; four years after went to 
 Fontiac; eng0,ged in farniinf; and mercantile busi- 
 ness; returned to Detroit; appointed United States 
 consul to ^lancliester, England, in 1861, where he 
 served until his resignation, in 1867; Presidential 
 elector in 1876; served on the .State board of cor- 
 rections and charities; elected to the Forty-seventh 
 Congress asa Republican; appointed registerof the 
 United States land office at Devils Lake, N. Dak.; 
 died at Butte, Mont., January 25, 1891. 
 
 Lord, Scott, was born at Nelson, Madison 
 County, N. Y., December 20, 1820; received an 
 academic education; studied law and practiced 
 at Utica; judge of Livingston (bounty ]847-18.5o; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat; defeated for 
 the Fort)--tifth Congress; died at Morris Plains, 
 N. J., September 10, 1885. 
 
 Lore, Charles B., of Wilmington, Del., was 
 born at Odessa, Del., March Id, 1881; received an 
 education in public schools and at Middletown 
 Academy, Delaware, and collegiate education at 
 Dickinson College, Pennsylvania, graduating in 
 June, 1852; studied law; admitted to the bar of 
 Newcastle County, Del. , in 1861 ; clerk of the house 
 of representatives of Delaware in 1857; commis- 
 sioner of the draft for Newcastle County, Del., 
 1862; attornev-general of the State of Delaware 
 1869-1874; Presidential elector in 1880; elected to 
 the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses as a 
 Democrat; appointed chief justice of tlie sujireme 
 court of Delaware in 1893; reappointed chief jus- 
 tice under the new State constitution in 1897 for a 
 term of twelve years; member of the Historical 
 Society of Delaware; Presidential elector in 1892. 
 
 Lorimer, 'Williain, of Chicago, 111., was born 
 at ^Manchester, England, April 27, 1861, and is of 
 Scotch parentage; came to this country with his 
 parents when 5 years old and settled in Detroit, 
 Mich., in 1866; the family moved to Bay City, 
 Mich., thence to Ohio, where they lived on a farm; 
 settled in Chicago in 1870; attended a private 
 school; an apprentice in the business of sign i)aint- 
 ing and worked iVjrthe Wilson Packing Company, 
 for Armour & Co., and for a street-railroad com- 
 pany; engaged in the real estate business in 1886; 
 also engaged in the building and brick-manufac- 
 turing l.Misiness; elected to the Fifty-fourth Cim- 
 gre.ssasa Republican; reelected to the Fifty-fifth, 
 Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-eighth Congresses, but de- 
 feated for the Fifty-seventh. 
 
 Loring, George Bailey, was born at North 
 Andover, Jlass., November 8, 1817; fitted for 
 college at Franklin Academy, in that town; 
 graduated from Harvard University in 1838; re- 
 ceived the degree of M. I), at Harvard Medical 
 College in 1842; appointed surgeon of the marine 
 hospital at Chelsea, Mass., in 1S43; surgeon of the 
 Seventh Regiment M. V. j\I. 1842-1844; aiipointed 
 commissioner to revise the U. S. Slarine-Hospital 
 system in 1849; appointed postmaster at Salem, 
 Mass., in 1853; member of the Massachusetts 
 house of representatives in 1866 and 1867; presi- 
 dent of the Alassachusetts State senate 187.3-1876; 
 delegate to tlie national Republican conventions 
 of 1868, 1872, and 1876; appointed United States 
 centennial commissioner for the State of Jlassa- 
 chusetts in 1872; elected t(j the Forty-fifth Con- 
 gress and reelected to the Forty-sixth Congress 
 as a Republican; died September 13, 1891. 
 
 Loud, Eugene Francis, of San Francisco, Cal., 
 was l)ornat A)iingt<in, ]\Iass., March 12, 1847; went 
 to sea and to C'alifornia; enlisteil in California Cav- 
 alry Battalion in 1862, which formed a part of 
 Second Massachusetts Cavalry; with the Army of 
 the Potomac and with Sheridan in theShenandoali 
 Valley until the close of the war; returned to Cali- 
 fornia and studied law; in tlie customs service; 
 followed mercantile business; member of Califor- 
 nia legislature in 1884; cashier of city and county 
 of San Francisco; elected to the Fifty-sei-ond Con- 
 gress as a Republican; reelected to the Fifty-third, 
 Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixtli, and Fifty- 
 seventh Congresses; defeated "for the Fifty-eighth 
 Congress. 
 
 Loudenslager, Henry Clay, of Paulslioro, 
 N. J., was born at Mauricetown, Cumberland 
 County, N. J., May 22, 1852; moved with his 
 parents to Paulsboro in 1856; educated in the com- 
 mon schools; after leaving the home farm engaged 
 in the produce commission business in Philadel- 
 phia, Pa., from 1872 to 1882; elected county clerk 
 in 1882 and reelected in 1887; elected from New 
 Jersey to the Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, 
 Fifty -sixth. Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Con-, 
 gresses as a Republican. 
 
 Loughridge, William, was born at Y'oungs- 
 town, Ohio, .July 11. 1S27; attended the common 
 schools; studied law, and commenced practice at 
 Mansfield, Ohio, in 1849; moved to Iowa in 18.52; 
 State senator 1857-1860; judge of the sixth judicial 
 circuit 1861-1867; elected a Representative from 
 Iowa to the Fortieth, Forty-first, and Forty-third 
 Congresses as a Republican; died near Reading, 
 Pa., September 26, 1889. 
 
 Lounsbery, William, of Kingston, N. Y., was 
 born at Stone Ridge, N. Y., December 25, 1831; 
 graduated from Rutgers College in 1851 ; attended 
 the law department of the New York University, 
 at Albany, and admitted as an attorney and coun- 
 selor in 1853, and engaged in the practice of law; 
 commissary of the Twentieth Regiment of New 
 York Militia, with the rank of first lieutenant, 
 during its three months' service; member of the 
 New York as-semlily in 1868; elected mayor of 
 Kingston in March^ 1878, for the term of two 
 years; elected to the Forty-sixth Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Louttit, J. A., of Stockton, Cal., was elected 
 to the Forty-ninth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Love, James, of Barboursville, Ky. ; attended 
 tlie puljlii- schools; was elected a Representative 
 from Kentucky to the Twenty-third Congress. 
 
 Love, John, was a native of Virginia; received 
 an academic education; elected a Re|)resentative 
 from Virginia to the Tenth and Eleventh Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; died .\ugugt 17, 1822. 
 
 Love, Peter E., born near Dublin, Ga., ,Tuly 
 7, 1818; graduated from Franklin College; studied 
 medicine at Philadelphia, Pa., and then law, com- 
 mencing practice of the latterat Thomasville, Ga., 
 in 1839; solicitor-general of the southern district 
 of Georgia in 1843 and judge in 1853; State senator 
 1849; elected a Representative from Georgia to the 
 Thirty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, serving until 
 his retirement, January 23, 1861. 
 
 Love, Thomas C, of Buffalo, N. Y., was judge 
 of Erie County in 1828; district attorney 1829- 
 1835, and surrogate 1841-1845; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New York to the Twenty-fourth 
 Congress as a \\'hig; died at Buffalo, N. Y., Sep- 
 tember 17, 1853. 
 
ti(>0 
 
 OONtJRKSSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 Love, William C, wil" a nntivo nf Virginia; 
 
 attctulfil till' rnivcrsity of \'iiniMiii; stiidieil law, 
 ami pnu-liiccl al SaliHl)iiry, N. ( '. ; cIci-IcmI a Hop- 
 rcsciitativc froiii North Carolina to the Koiirlcfiilh 
 Coiigivss as a I'l'iiiotTat. 
 
 Love, William Franklin, was horn Mar<-h L'9, 
 ls."i'_', in Ainilc Connly. Miss., near l.ihrrty; cdn- 
 catcil in the COM 1 moll si-hools ami at the I'liivi'rsity 
 of Mississippi; hroiijiht vi|) on the farm, and I'li- 
 fpijU'd in auriiulliirc; tdectt-d to the U'tiislaturc for 
 ten years and State senator for eijrlit years; dele- 
 gate to theeonstitntionali-onvention of Mississippi 
 in IStK); elei'ted to the Kiftv-lifth Congress as a 
 Democnit; died Oetoher 16, "1898. 
 
 Lovejoy, Owen, was horn at Alhion, Me.- 
 .lamiaryli, ISll; graduated from Howdoiii College; 
 sliidii-d Iheoloiiy ; moved to Illinois in l>s:!tl; pastor 
 of the Conjiiegational I'luireh at I'riiu-eton If<;!!l- 
 IS.'it!; State representative in 1854; eleiteil a Rep- 
 resentative from Illinois totheThirty-tifth, Thirty- 
 sixth, Thirty-seventh, and Thirty-eifjlith C'ou- 
 f;ri>sses as a liepnhlieaii; served until his death, at 
 Brooklyn, N. Y., Mareh ''n, 1864. 
 
 Lovell, James, was horn at Hoston, ^[!u«s., 
 Oetoher IJl, IT.'iT; trrailnated from Harvard f'ollejre 
 in ITM; tau^rht sehool ; imprisoned hy the British 
 and conveyed to Halifax 1775-7(1; Delegate from 
 Mas.saehusetts to the Continental Congress 177ti- 
 1782; receiver of taxes 1784-17SS; eustoms collector 
 of Boston 1788-89, and naval officer 179(t-1814; 
 died at Windham, Mv., Jnly 14, 1814. 
 
 Levering, Henry B., of Lynn. Ma.ss., was 
 horn at rortsmoiith. N. H., April 8, 1841; edu- 
 cated in the common .schools of hynn; connected 
 with the manufacture of shoes; representative to 
 the State legislature in 1872 and 1874; a,s.se.ssor in 
 1879-80; mayor of Lynn in 1S8I and 1881"; elected 
 to the Korty-eighth C<ingressasa Democrat, and 
 reelected to the Forty-ninth Congress; appointed 
 warden of the Ma.ssachusetts State prison at 
 Charlestown 1891-189:!, and laterappointed pension 
 agent at Boston. Ma.ss., 1894-1898. 
 
 Lovering, William C, of Taunton, Ma.'vs., wa-s 
 horn in Rhode lslan<l; educated at Camhridge, 
 Mass.. at the Camhridge high school and the Hop- 
 kins Cla.ssical School; engage<l in cotton manufac- 
 turing nearly all of his life; pn'sident and chief 
 manager of the Whittenton Alaniifacturing Com- 
 pany, in Taunton; also interested in many other 
 manufactories; served in the war as engineer at 
 Kort Monroe; retired from the service an invaliil; 
 State senator for two years, 1874-7.T; delegate to 
 the national Hepuhlican convention inl880; elected 
 to the Kifty-tifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and 
 Fifty-eightli Congre.s.ses as a Repuhliean. 
 
 Lovett, John, was a native of Norwich, Conn.; 
 graduated from Yale College; moved to Alhanv. 
 N. Y.; State representative in l.SdO and 1.801; 
 ••lected a Representative from New York to the 
 Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congre.sses as a Fe<i- 
 eralist; died in Ohio in 1818. 
 
 Low, Frederick F. , was horn at Frankfort ( now 
 \Viiiter|Hirt I. Me., .Iiiiie;tO. 18"_'8; reiiived his early 
 education at llani)>ilen Academy and at Boston. 
 Ma.ss.: engsiged in the shipping hiisiness at .San 
 Francisco, Cal.. in 1849, moving to Marvsville. 
 Cal., in 1.8.54; engaged in hanking until 18H1; 
 elected a Representative from California to the 
 Thirty-seventh Congress asaRepiihlican;apiMiinteil 
 collector of San Francisco in I8»>M, and later in 
 the year electeil governor of California, servini; 
 until' 18«i7; minister to China l.st;9-1874; ditnl at 
 .San Francisco, Cal.. .Inly 21, IHSM. 
 
 Low, Isaac, was bom near New Brunswick, 
 N. .)., ahout \~3^; active in pre-Revolutionarv 
 matters; Delegate from New York to the Contf- 
 nental Congress 1774-7."); meniher of the provin- 
 cial congress 177.'); aeiiiseil of treason; arrested in 
 17711; president of the New York Chamherof Com- 
 Coinmerce 1782; property was contiseated and he 
 exiled, going to England, where he die<l in 
 1791. 
 
 Low, Philip Burrill, of New York, N. Y., was 
 horn at ('hel.sj'a, Ma.s.s., May ti, 18;{(r, graduated 
 from high school; shipnutster; volunteered and 
 I api)ointeil acting ensign in the F. S. Navy and 
 I 8erve<i in the North Atlantic Squadron iluring 
 18()2-t)3; resigned and entered eommercial circles 
 of Boston until 18i>.i, when he moved to New York; 
 , identified with the shijiping and maritime inter- 
 ests; elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a Re- 
 ])uhlicaii; rtH'lected to the Fifty-lifth Congress and 
 defeate<l for the Fifty-sixth. 
 
 Lowe, David P., was born in Oneida County, 
 N. v., .\ugust 22, 182:i; graduated from Cincinnati 
 I.aw College in 18.)1, conimeiieing ])raetiee in Cin- 
 cinnati, Ohio; moved to Kansas in 18(11; State 
 senator 18(i.'i-(14; judgeof the sixth judicial ilistrict 
 18(17-1.871; elected a Representative from Kansas 
 to the Forty-second ami Vortv-thinl Congresses as 
 a Republican; chief justice ot X'tah Territory; re- 
 tnrne<l to Fort .Scott, Kans. 
 
 Lowe, William Hanning, was lioni at Hunts- 
 villc. Ala.; educated at Florence, Ala., at the Fni- 
 iversity of Tennessee, and the I'niversity of Vir- 
 ginia as a lawyer; served as jirivate, ea|)tain, and 
 lieutenant-colonel in the Confederate army ; mem- 
 ber of the legislature in 1870 and of the constitu- 
 tional convention in 187."): solicitor of the fifth 
 judicial circuit 18(1.5-18(18; elected to the Fort v-sixth 
 Congress as a (ireenback Democrat; candidate for 
 reelection to the Forty-seventh Congress; although 
 elected a certificate of election was given Josej)!! 
 Wheeler; after a contest he was seated June •^, 
 1882; died August Hi, 1882. 
 
 Lowell, John, was horn at Newbury port, Maiss., 
 .tune 17, 174:); graduated from Harvard College in 
 17(10; stiiilied law, commencing practice at New- 
 buryport; State repre.sentative and an ollicerin the 
 militia in 177(1; moved to Boston in 1777; again 
 State re]ire.sentative in 1778; delegate to the State 
 constitutional convention of 1780; Delegate from 
 Ma.s,sachusetts to the Continental Coiigri-ss 1782-8;!; 
 commissioner on the New York and Massaehu.setts 
 iKinndary line in 1784; judgeof the court of ap|>eals 
 1784-1789, of the I'nited States district court 
 1789-1801, and of the Cnitiil States cireuit court for 
 Mas.sachiisetts, Rhoile Islaml. and Connit'ticut 
 1801-2; died at Roxhury, Miuss.. May (1, 1802. 
 
 Lowell, Joshua A., was born at Thoniaston, 
 I Mass. (now MaineK March 20, 1.801; attende<l 
 I the conunon schools; taught school and studie<l 
 I law, commencing |>racticeat Fjist Maehi:isin I82t>; 
 
 stale reprcsenlative in l,8;!2-.'«. I.8.S.'), and 1837; 
 
 elected a Ri'prc.-cnialivefroin Maineto theTweiity- 
 
 sixth and Twentv-seventh Congresses as a Demo- 
 I crat; I'rt>sidential elector on the Democratic ticket 
 
 in 1.S44; died at East Machias, Me., March l.'i, 
 , 1,874. 
 
 Lower, Christian, waseleeted a Representative 
 from I'eiiiisylvania to the Ninth Congress. His 
 name appears on a list of thos*> whose credentials 
 entitle them to seats in the House, rt'ported from 
 the Committee on Flections De<"eiiiher 2(1, 18(WS, 
 but there is no other mention of his name on the 
 journals. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 661 
 
 liOwndes, Iiloyd, jr. , of Curabeilaiid, Md., \v:is 
 born at Clarksburg, Va. (now West Virt;inia) , Feb- 
 ruary 21, 1S45; graduated frnni Allegheny College, 
 Meadville, Pa., in ISlio, and from the University 
 of Pennsylvania Law Sehoul in IStiT, i't>niniencing 
 practice at Cumlierland, ild.; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Maryland to the Forty-third Con- 
 gress as a Republican; elected governor of Mary- 
 land in 181)5 for four years; president and director 
 in a number of Maryland financial and other 
 institutions. 
 
 Lowndes, Thomas, was born at Charleston, 
 S. C, in 1765; received an academic education; 
 engaged in business; elected a Representative from 
 South Carolina to the Seventh and Eighth Con- 
 gres.ses; died at Charleston, S. C, July 8, 1843. 
 
 Lowndes, William, was born at Charleston, 
 S. C, February, 1782; pursued classical studies in 
 England and at home; studied law, commencing 
 practice in 1804, but soon abandoned it for agri- 
 cultural jiursuits; captain of militia in 1807; 
 elected a Representative from South Carolina to 
 the Twelfth, Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Fifteenth, 
 Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Congresses as a Demo- 
 crat, serving until his resignation, May 8, 1822; 
 died at sea, November 22, 1822. 
 
 Lowrie, Walter, was born at Edinburgh, Scot- 
 lanil, December 10, 1784; located in ButlerCounty, 
 Pa., in 1791; pursued classical studies; State repre- 
 sentative; United States Senator from Pennsylvania 
 by election 1819-1825; secretary of the "United 
 States Senate 1825-1836; secretary of the Presby- 
 terian Board of Foreign INIissions 1836-1868; died 
 at New York City December 14, 1868. 
 
 Lowry, Robert, of Fort Wayne, In<l., was born 
 in Ireland; moved to Rochester, N. Y.; instructed 
 in private schools and had partial academic course; 
 librarian of Rochester Atheiiieum and Young 
 Men's Association; studied law; moved to Fort 
 Wayne in 1843; city recorder; admitted to the bar; 
 commenced practice in Goshen, Ind., in 1846; aj)- 
 pointed circuit judge in 1852; president of the 
 Democratic State convention and delegate to the 
 Democratic national convention in 1860; elected 
 circuit judge for six years in 1864; reelected in 
 1870; delegate to the Democratic national conven- 
 tion in 1872; resigned the circuit judgeship in 
 January, 1875; judge of superior court; elected 
 the first president of the Indiana State Bar Asso- 
 ciation in July, 1879; elected to tlie Forty-eighth 
 aiRl Forty-ninth Congresses as a Democrat; re- 
 sumed the practice of law. 
 
 Loyall, George, was Ijorn at Norfolk, Va., Mav 
 29, 1789; graduated from WilHam and JIary Cof- 
 lege in 1808; visited iMiglandin 1815; State repre- 
 sentative 1817-1827; delegate to the constitutional 
 convention of 1829; elected a Representati\-e from 
 Virginia to the Twenty-first Congress as a Demo- 
 crat (successfully contesting the seat of Thomas 
 Newton), serving from March 9, 18.30, to 1831; 
 elected to the Twenty-third and Twentv-fourtli 
 Congresses; navy agent at Norfolk 1837-1861, 
 excepting two years. 
 
 Lucas, Edward, was a native of Virginia; at- 
 tended the common .schools; officer in the war of 
 1812; State repre.-entative; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Virginia to the Twenty-thiriland Twenty- 
 fourth Congresses as a .Tacks'on Democrat; pay- 
 master at the Harpers Ferrv Armory May 12, 
 1847, until his death, at Harpers Ferry, Va., March 
 4, 1858. 
 
 Lucas, John B. C, was born in France in 
 1762; graduated from the T'niversity of Caen law 
 department in 1782, practicing in France until 
 1784, when he becamea farmer, near Pittsburg, Pa. ; 
 State representative 1792-1798; jud<;eof the com- 
 mon pleas court in 1794; elected a Representative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Eightli and Ninth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; resigned before taking his 
 seat in the Ninth Congress to accept the appoint- 
 ment of <listrict judge of the United Stati'S court 
 for the northern part of Louisiana Territory; 
 moved to St. Louis; continued as judge until 1820; 
 died near St. Louis August 17, 1842. 
 
 Lucas, William, was a native of Virginia; at- 
 tended the public schools at Charlestown; elected 
 a Rei>resentative from Virginia to the Twenty- 
 sixth and Twenty-eighth Congresses as a Demo- 
 crat. 
 
 Lucas, William v., of Hot Springs, S. Dak., 
 was born on a farm near Deliihi, Carroll County, 
 Ind., July 3, 1835; educated in the common 
 schools; moved to Bremer County, Iowa, in 1856; 
 entered the military service in the Fourteenth 
 Iowa Infantry; promoted to the cajjtaincy of the 
 company in 1863; elected treasurer of "Bremer 
 County and twice reelected; Jlayes elector in 1876; 
 chief clerk of the Iowa house of rejiresentatives 
 the seventeenth and eighteenth sessions; ma\'or 
 of Mason City, Iowa; elected auditor of the St'ate 
 in 1880; declined to be a candidate for reelection; 
 located in 1883 at Chamberlain, Dak., and en- 
 gaged in farming; elected treasurer of Krule 
 County in 1887; appointed conunandant of the 
 Soldiers' Home at Hot Springs, where he moved in 
 1890; elected to the Fifty-third Congress as a Re- 
 imblican; after leaving Congre.ss again appointed 
 commandant of the South Dakota Soldiers' Home 
 at Hot Springs for one year; moved to Chamber- 
 lain, S. Dak. ; recorder of the I 'nited States land 
 office. 
 
 Lumpkin, John Henry, was born in Ogle- 
 thorpe County, (ia., June 13, 1812; attended 
 Franklin and Yale colleges; studied law, and com- 
 menced iira<'tice at Rome, Ga., in 1834; State rep- 
 resentative in 1835; solicitor-general of the Chero- 
 kee circuit in 1838; elected a Representative from 
 Georgia to the Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, 
 Thirtieth, and Thirty-fourth Congresses as" a Dem- 
 ocrat; State supreme court judge; died at Rome, 
 Ga., June 6, I860. 
 
 Lumpkin, Wilson, was born in Pittsylvania 
 County, Va., January 14, 1783; attended the com- 
 mon schools of Oglethorpe County, tia. ; studied 
 law, and commenced practice at Athens, Ga. ; State 
 representative; elected a Representative from 
 Georgia to the Fourteenth, Twentieth, and 
 Twenty-first Congres.ses as a Deincjcrat; appointed 
 one of the commissioners on the Georgia-Florida 
 boundary line; governor 1831-1835; appointed 
 commissioner under the Cherokee treaty in 1835; 
 United States Senator from Georgia by election 
 (vice John P. King, resigned) December 13, 18.37, 
 to 1841; member of the State board of public 
 works; died at Athens, Ga., December 28, 1870. 
 
 Lnna, Tranquilino, of Los Lunas, N. Mex., was 
 burn February 23, 1849; elected to the Forty- 
 seventh Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Luttrell, JohnK. , was born near Knoxville, 
 Knox Co\inty, Tenn., June 27, 1831-; early eduav- 
 tion limited; moved to California; studied law and 
 practiced; engaged in farming; member of the leg- 
 islature in 1863, 1865, 1866, 1871, and 1872; elected 
 
('.('.2 
 
 (■(iNOKKSSIO.N Al. I >l U i:( ri iKV 
 
 11 Kciiri'senliitive fnuii Calil'dniiii In tin- I'ortj- i 
 lliiril, l''i>rtv-f<)iirlli, iiinl Fipilv-lil'lli Con^rtvwH us i 
 a I>ciiMMrat; diol OcI.iIht I'll," \H'Xi. 
 
 Lybrand, Archibald, i)f Dcluwuiv, Oliio, wii.i 
 liorii atTarltim, I'ii'kaway Cniiiity, Ohin, M;iy •_•:!, 
 1S4(1; iniivi'il tn DclaHaic'in Is,')?;' ciliirati'il ai the 
 Ohiii WcsU'van I'liivcrsity, Di'lawarc, Ohin; at 
 tln" iHvakiiij; nut of llit- civil war oiilistcd April 2(>, 
 I.Hiil, ill ('oin|iaiiy I, Kniirlli ( tliio Vnliintcrr Iii- 
 laiitry; Iraiisiirii'il (n ('oiiipaiiy I), Si'vciity-tliiicl 
 Ohin \'cihiiil«'cr Infantry, ami innnidti'il tn lirxl 
 lii'iitciiant; rcinaiiHcl in jjcrviic tliri't! years; rc- 
 tiinii'il tn Delaware; cU'i'ti'il inavnr in l.Sliit; fitmlii'il 
 law, and ailiiiitu'il tn llio liar in 1S71; bocanio an 
 aclivo partner in the Delaware Chair Cninpany in 
 18";!; landnwner and interested in farniiii};; siji- 
 pointed jinstniaster of Delaware DeeenilierL'O, IS.si, 
 and served four yeai-s; eleeted to the Kifty-lifth 
 anil Fifty-sixth Congresses as a Uepnlilii-an. 
 
 Lyle, Aaron, was a native of I'eiinsylvania; 
 attended the enininnn selinnls; elected a Kepre- 
 sentative from Pennsylvania to the I-'leventh, 
 Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fnnrteenth Conirressea 
 as a DeniniTat: clied Septeinlier LM, IsJ'i. 
 
 Lyman, Joseph, nf Cnnneil JUiiffs, Inwa, was 
 bornat i.yons, .Mich.,'Seiileinlicr i;i, IS^O; received 
 a eonimoii school ami academic ediuat inn; entered 
 eolU'tie; enlisted in Ihe. I'ninn Army in Company 
 K, Fourth Iowa Volunteer Cavalry; adjntani of 
 the Twenty-ninlh Inwa Infantry frniii Octnber lil, 
 18li2, tn February L'l, lSii."i, and majnr nf the same 
 rejiinient from February 'J\, ISti"), to August 10, 
 18l>,'); stmlied law, admitted to the bar, and prac- 
 ticed at Cnnncil Bluffs; deputy eollectorof internal 
 revenue of the tifth district of Iowa from .lanuarv 
 1, 181)7, to I^Iarch 1, 1S70; circuit judKO 1884; electell 
 to the Forty-ninth ami I'iftietli Congresses aa a 
 Republican. 
 
 Lyman, Joseph S., was born at Hampden, 
 Mass. ; attendeil lommon schools; nioveiltnOtsejro, 
 N. Y.; olecteil a Kepresentative from New York 
 to the Sixteenth Conjiress; died at Conperstown, 
 X. Y. 
 
 Lyman, Samuel, was a native of Massachu- 
 petts; i;nidnateil from Yale Col letre in 177(1; State 
 representative 178l)-1788, and Slate senator 171KI- 
 179;{; elected a Representative from Massachn- 
 Betts to the Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Coiijircsses, 
 servin;; until bisreslixnation in 1801; died in 1802. 
 
 Lyman, Theodore, was born at Waltham, 
 '^^a.ss., Anszust -:5, 18:i:i; (jradnated as bachelor of 
 art.s from Harvard Cnlle;;e in is.i.'i, and as bachelnr 
 of science from the Lawrence Siienlilic School in 
 18.i8; serveil in the war of the rebellion as lieu- 
 tenant-colonel and vnlunteer aid-ile-camp nn the 
 staff nf Majnr-tieneral Meade, oomiiiandinj; tlu' 
 Armv of the I'otniiiac, frniii Seplembi'r "J, ISli!!, tn 
 April L'll, ISti.'i; a zimlnyist; member nl the .\iiieri- 
 can Academy of .\rts and Sciences and of the Na- 
 tional .\cadeniy of Sciences and trustiH' of the Pea- 
 Ixiily I'.ilncalinn Fund; niu' nf the State fishery 
 eoininissioners 18().5-188"J; took part in Ihe admin- 
 istration of public and jirivale <liaritii-s; elerteil 
 to the Forty-eighth C<in(;ress as an Indejiondent; 
 died at Nahant, Mass., SeplendM-r it, 18117. 
 
 Lyman, William, was born at Nnrthaniptnn, 
 Ma.-'S., in I7.'>:!; >;raduated frniii Yale Cnlleire in 
 177ti; State senator in 1780; bripulier-^eneral of 
 militia; elected a Kepresentative from Ma.s,sa<'lin- 
 setts to the Third and Fourth Cnnirn'sses; consul 
 at Lnnilon 18(l.i until his death in Octoln'r, 1811. 
 
 Lynch, John, was Imrn at Pnrtland, Me., Feb- 
 ruary l.s, l,si'."); frradualed in 1S4L' tmiii the city 
 hi(;h schnol; eii);a^'ed in business: iiieiiiber of the 
 State lej.'islatiire in Istil'and l.S(i4; elected a Hep- 
 rc'seiitalive frmii Maine tn the Thirly-iiinth, Fnr- 
 lii'lli, Fnrty-lirst. and Fnrty-.-^ei'nnd Con;;res.ses as 
 a Uepubli<-aii; editor of the Washington I'ninn 
 187(;-77. 
 
 Lynch, John, nf Wilkesbarre, Pa., was Ixirn 
 at I'rnv iilencc. I\. I., November I, 184;J; received 
 a public school and acailemic education; worked 
 on a farm and at the cnal mines; tautrht school; 
 read law; admitted to the bar November 1, 18(15; 
 electeil to the Fiftielh Cnngre.ss as a Deiiioeral. 
 
 Lynch, JohnR. , of Natchez, Miss., was Inirn 
 in Concordia Parish, La., Si'pteinber 10, 1847; at- 
 tended evenin-; sclinni at Natchez fnra few nmntlis 
 and by privati' stuily aci|uired a (.'noil Kivjlish eilu- 
 cation; en>;a);ed in the business of ]ihn|n).'raphy at 
 Natchez until I8()ll, when Governnr -\nie8 a\y- 
 pniiited him a justice nf the peace: elected a nieiu- 
 lier nf Ihe State lejrislat lire in IS(i9, and reelected 
 in 1871, serviuj; the last term as sjieaker nf the 
 liniise; elected tn the Forty-third and Forty-fourth 
 Congresses as a Repulilican; electeil to the Forty- 
 litth Congress, but was counted out and Cien. .!. K. 
 Chalmei-s counted in; elected tothe Forty-.<eventli 
 Congress as a Kepublican; appointed Fourth Audi- 
 tor of the Treasury Department under President 
 Harrison; iiaymaster in the Volunteer Army dur- 
 ing the S]>anish war. 
 
 Lynch, Thomas, was born in Milwaukee Coun- 
 ty, \Vis., November L'l, 1844; resided on a farm 
 and attended the public schools of that period un- 
 til 18(j:i, when be moved to Calumet (\)iinty, wheie 
 he continued farming and also taught school; held 
 various local ollires; member of the Wisconsin 
 legislature in 1S7.'5 and 188.'!; graduated from the 
 law department of the Wisconsin Cniversity in 
 1875; district attorney of the county 1878-1882; 
 moved to Antigo, in Langlade County, in 188:1; 
 mayorof Antigoin 1885 and again in 1888; elected 
 to the I'ifty-.second Congress as a Democrat; re- 
 elected to "the Fiftv-thiril Congress; died Mav 4, 
 1898. 
 
 Lynch, Thomas, sr. , was born in South Caro- 
 linaaboiit 17L'0; active in pre- Kevnliitinuary affairs; 
 Delegate from Smith Camliiia to the cnlonial con- 
 gress in 17()5 and Continental Congress 1774-177t); 
 resigned nn account nf ill health: died in South 
 Carolina in 177(). 
 
 Lynch, Thomas, jr., was born in Prince < iitirge 
 Parish, S. ('., .\iigust 5, 1740; studied at Kton and 
 Cambridge, F.ngland, al.so at Ihe Temple in Lou- 
 don; returned tn America in 1772; U'came a 
 planter on Ihe North Santee Hiver: served a short 
 time in the Kevoliilionary war; Delegate to the 
 <'niiliiiental Cmigress frniii Snuth Carolina (vice 
 Tbnmas Lynch, sr., resigned) ]77t>-77; drownetl 
 at sea in Ihe latter part of 1779. 
 
 Lynde, William P., was iKirn at Sherburne, 
 Chenango Counlv. N. Y.. Deci-mber l(i, 1817: 
 grailiiated from Vale College in 18.58: stuilieil law 
 and adiiiilteil to the bar in New York: moved lo 
 Wisconsin in 1.S41; appointed attorney-genenil of 
 Wisconsin in 1844 and Cniled States di.-trict attor- 
 uev for Wisconsin in 1845; electeil mayor of Mil- 
 waukee in lS(iO, State representative in 18(Wi, and 
 Stale .si'iiator 18()8-ti0; electeil a Hepre.sentative 
 from Wisconsin to the Thirtieth. Forty-fourth, and 
 Fortv-lilthConiiressesas a DenuM-rat; die<l at Mil- 
 waukee, Wis., December 18, 1.885. 
 
KI()(4KAPHIES. 
 
 663 
 
 Lynn, James, was a native of New Jersey; 
 graduated from Princeton College in 17ti9; studied 
 and practiced law; elected a Representative from 
 New Jersey to the Sixth Congress as a Democrat; 
 aiiiiointed l>y President Jefferson supervisor of the 
 rexcnue; State secretarv of state; died at Trenton, 
 N. J., December 29, 1820. 
 
 Lyon, Asa, was born at Pomfret, Conn., De- 
 cember 31, 1763; graduated from Dartmouth Col- 
 lege in 1791; studied law, conunencing practice at 
 South Hero, Vt.; chief justice of (irand Island 
 County, 1805-1814; State re]presentativc 1800-ISlO 
 and 1814; executive councilor in 1808; elected a 
 Representative from ^'ermont to the Fourteenth 
 Congress as a Federalist; died at South Hero, \'t., 
 April 4, 1841. 
 
 Lyon, Caleb, was born at tireig, N. Y., De- 
 cembei: 7, 1822; graduated from Norwich Univer- 
 sity of Vermont in 1841; consul at Shanghai 
 1845-1849; secretary of the California con.stitutional 
 convention; visited Eurojie and Egyjit; State rep- 
 resentative and senator in 1851; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New' York to the Tliirty-third 
 Congress as an Independent; moved to Staten 
 Island; governor of Idaho Territory 18t)4-18fi(i; 
 died near Rossville, N. Y., September 8, 1875. 
 
 Lyon, Chittenden, was born in Vermont in 
 178ti; attended common schools; moved to Ken- 
 tucky in 1801; served in both branches of the leg- 
 islature; elected a Representative from Kentucky 
 to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-.second, 
 and Twenty-third Congresses as a Jackson Demo- 
 crat; died in Caldwell Countv, Ky., November 8, 
 J 842. 
 
 Lyon, Francis S. , was a native of North Caro- 
 lina; attcniled cunjujon schools; moved to Demop- 
 olis, Ala.; elected a Representative from Alabama 
 to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses 
 as a AVhig; elected in 1863 a Representative from 
 Alaljania to the Second Confederate Congress. 
 
 Lyon, Lucius, was born at Shelbourne, Vt., 
 February 26, 1800; attended conmion si-hools; 
 moved toBrouson, Mich. T. ; land surveyor; elected 
 a Delegate from Michigan Territory to the Twenty- 
 third Ciingress as a Democrat; elected to the 
 Twenty-eighth Congress; electM United States 
 Senator from Michigan, serving from January 26, 
 1837, to 1839; surveyor-general of public lands in 
 the Northwest; <lied at Detroit, Mich., Seirtember 
 24, 1851. 
 
 Lyon, Matthew, was born in County Wicklow, 
 Ireland, in 1746; emigrated to America in 1759; 
 liecame iirominent in ante-Revolutionary affairs; 
 deputy ]iaymaster in the Revolutionary Anny isi 
 177S; clerk of the court of confiscation in 1786; 
 founder of Fairfield, Vt., in 1783; State represent- 
 ative 1784-1794; elected a Representative from 
 Vermont to the Fifth and Sixth Congresses; moved 
 to Kentuckv; elected a Representative from that 
 State to tlie Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh 
 Congresses; appointed United States factor among 
 the Cherokee Indians in Arkan.sas; elected Dele- 
 gate frnm thatTerritorv to the Sixteenth Congress, 
 but. died at Spadra Bluff, Ark., August 1, 1822, 
 before taking his seat. 
 
 Lytle, Robert T. , of Cincinnati, Ohio, was 
 twice elected a Representative from Ohio as a 
 Jack.son Democrat — to the Twenty-third Congress, 
 serving from December 2, 1833, until his resigna- 
 tion, March 10, 1834, and from Decendjer 27, 1834, 
 to March 3, 1835; surveyor-general of i>ublic lands 
 in Ohio 1835-1838; died at New Orleans, La., 
 December 21, 1839. 
 
 McAdoo, William, of Jersey City, N. J., was 
 born ill Ireland October 25, 1853, and brought by 
 his parents at an early age to Jersey City, where 
 he continued to reside; receive<l a good education 
 in the schools of Jersey City; studied law; became 
 a member of the bar of that State in 1874; member 
 of the legislature of New Jerse}'; elected to the 
 Forty-eighth Congress as a Denioci'at; reelected to 
 theForty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses. 
 
 McAleer, Williani, of Philadelphia, Pa., was 
 born in County Tyrone, Irelaml, January 6, 1838; 
 emigrated to Philadelphia \\itli his parents in 
 1851; attended public and ]irivate schools; elected 
 a member of common councils from the Fifth Ward 
 in 1871 for a term of two years; elected by coun- 
 cils in 1873 a member of the board of guardians of 
 the poor for a term of three years and leelected 
 five consecutive terms; vice-president and ]iresi- 
 dent of the board; member of the counnercial ex- 
 change; director, vice-president, and president of 
 the same; director of the chamberof cotTunerce in 
 1880; elected tothe senateof Pennsylvania in 1886 
 for a term of four years, and nouiinated for presi- 
 dent pro tempore by the Democratic uiendjers in 
 1889; elected to the Fifty-second Congress as a 
 Democrat; reelected tothe Fifty-thinl, Fifty-fifth, 
 and Fifty-sixth Congre-ses. 
 
 McAllister, Archibald, was born in Dauphin 
 County, Pa., in 1814; attended the pul)lic schools; 
 engaged in iron manufacturing; elected a Repre- 
 .sentative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-eighth 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 McAndrews, James, of Chicago, 111., was 
 born at Woonsocket, R. I., October 22, 1862; 
 elected to the Fifty-seventh Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; reelected to the Fifty-eighth Congress. 
 
 McArthur, Duncan, was born in Dutchess 
 County, N. Y., June 14, 1772; moved to western 
 Pennsylvania, thence to Chillicothe, Ohio; State 
 representativeinl805, 1815, 1817, and 1819; served 
 as colonel and brigadier-general in the militia and 
 held like commissions in the volunteers of the war 
 of 1812; elected a Representative from ( )hio to the 
 Thirteenth Congress, but declined to leave the 
 Army; elected to the Eighteenth Congress as a 
 Clay Democrat; Indian treaty commissioner in 
 181(>; governor of Ohio 1830-1832; defeated for 
 the Twenty-third Congress by William Allen, 
 Jackson Democrat, by 1 majority; died at Chilli- 
 cothe, Ohio, April 28,' 1839. 
 
 McBride ( or McBryde) , Archibald, was a 
 native of Sloore County, N. C. ; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from North Carolina to the Eleventh 
 ^md Twelfth Congresses as a Democrat; twice a 
 State senator. 
 
 McBride, George W. , of St. Helens, Oreg., 
 was born in Yamhill County, Oreg., March 13, 
 1854; received his primary education in thejiublic 
 schools and in the preparatory de]>artmcnt of 
 Willamette University; student at Christian Col- 
 lege, Monmouth, Oreg., for two years; studied law 
 and admitted to the bar, but never practiced; en- 
 gaged in mercantile business for ten years; elected 
 a member of the house of representatives (jf the 
 legislative assembl}' of Oregon m June, 1882; 
 elected speaker of the house iu September, 1882; 
 elected secretary of state in 1886; reelected in 1890, 
 and served eight years, his second term ending 
 January 14, 1895; elected United States Senator as 
 a Republican February 23, 1895, serving until 
 March 3, 1901; inMarch, 1901, appointe<l a United 
 States Commissioner to the St. Louis Exposition 
 of 1904. 
 
M-i 
 
 CONORKHSIONA L I )I K K( 'T( IR Y. 
 
 McBride, John R. , Wiitf bom in Kninklin 
 Coiiiity, Mo., Aii<.Mi^l L'L', 1KS2; attiMidol tlic|ml)lic 
 schools; iiioveil to ()rf>.'on in iS4(); sii|H'riiitnn<kMit 
 of schools lS.i4; stiidii'il luw.and loniiiicnivd prac- 
 fice at Ijifaycttoin is.')'); dcltgatc to the State con- 
 stitutional convention; State senator; elected a 
 Kepresentative from ( trei;on to the Tliirty-ei^lhth 
 Con^rre-^s as a Uepiihlican; appointed hy President 
 (irant I'nited States jud^re for Idaho. 
 
 HcCall, JohnEtheridge, of I-exington, Tenn., 
 was horn at ('lark.shnr<;, Carroll Comity, Tenn., 
 AuKUSt 14, l.S.")!l; reared on a farm, attending the 
 villa;.'e schools a few months in each year; enliTcd 
 the CniviM-sity of Tennessee in 1S7S and jirailiiatcd 
 from that institntioii inlSSI; hejran the study of 
 law at IIuntini;don, Tenn., soon after leaving the 
 university, and admitted to the har in 1888; 
 edited the Tennessee Kepuhlican (hiring 1882; 
 located in Lexington in Decendier, l.SS:i, where he 
 has )>een continuously in the practice of law; can- 
 vasseil his distrii-t as elector for l?laineand l.o};an 
 in 1SS4; and canilidale fnrdistrict attorney in ISSli, 
 hut defeated; represenleil llendei-smi County in 
 the Tenue.s.-'ee legislature in 1887 and leelected in 
 1889; delegate to the Chicago convention in 1888 
 that noujinated (icneral Harrison for President, 
 and secretary to the corumittee on rules and order 
 of business; api)olnte<l assistant I'nited States 
 district attorney for West Tennessee in 18il0, 
 which office lie resigne<l in ISill ; unsuccessful can- 
 didate for governor before the Kepuhlican State 
 convention in ISitL'; elected to the Kifly-fourlh 
 Congress as a Kepuhlican; ilelegate to the Ke- 
 puhlican national convention at Philadelphia in 
 1900 which nominated William McKinley; candi- 
 date for governor of Tennessee on the Kejiublican 
 ticket. 
 
 McCall, Samuel Walker, of Windiester, 
 Ma.«s., was horn at llast Providence, Pa., Feb- 
 ruary 28, 1851; graihiated from New Hampton 
 (N. \i.) Academy in 1870 and from Dartmouth 
 College in 1874; admitteil to the bar, and from 
 January, 1876, practiceil law in Boston, except 
 one year when editor of the Boston Daily .\dver- 
 tiser; elected a nienilier of the Mas.sa(husetts 
 house of repre.-^entatives of 1888, 1889, ami 1892; 
 delegate to the tiational He]iul)lican convention 
 of 1888; elected to the Fifty-third Congress as a 
 Kepuhlican; reelected to the Fiftv-fourtli. Fifty- 
 fifth, Fifth-sixth, Fifty-s<>vcnth, arid Fifty-eighth 
 Congresses: delivered an oration at Dartmouth 
 College in 1901 at the centennial of the gradu- 
 ation of Daniel Webster, and at the same time the 
 college conferred on him the degree of doctor of 
 laws. 
 
 McCarthy, Dennis, was born at Salina, N. Y., 
 March 19, 1814; received an academic eilucation: 
 engaged in ."alt manufacturing; State representa- 
 tive in 18411; mayor of Syracu.se in is.").!; elected a 
 Representative ironi New York to the Fortieth 
 and Forty-lirst Congresses as a Kepuhlican; de- 
 feateil for the Forty-second Congress as an Inde- 
 IH'iident Democrat. 
 
 McCarthy, John Henry, of New York, N. Y., 
 was born at the city of New York, Novemher Hi, 
 1850; eilucated at lie La Salle Institute. Christian 
 Brothers, and St. Francis Xavier Collegi-, but did 
 not complete the course; engaged in mercaiilile 
 pursuits; sluilied law; lueinherof the le^islatureof 
 New York in 1.880 and 1881; elected civil justii'e 
 for the tiflh juilicial district in the city of New 
 York for the term of six years in 1882; elected to 
 
 the Fiflv-lirst Congress as a Democrat; resigiieil 
 Jaiiuary'l4, 1891. 
 
 McCarty, Andrew Z., of Pulaski, N. Y.,was 
 elected a Kepre.sentative from that State to the 
 Forty-fourth Congress as a Whig. 
 
 McCarty, Jonathan, was a native of Tenne.«see; 
 
 attenilcd the public m-] Is; mo\id to Franklin 
 
 County, Ind.; State represenlalive; moved toCon- 
 norsville, Fayette County; helil several county 
 oHices; elected a Representative from Indiana lo 
 the Twenty-seconil, Twentv-third, and Twenty- 
 fourth Coiigre.s.ses as a Wiiig; defeated for the 
 Twenlv-lifth Congress; died at Keokuk, Iowa, in 
 
 1,S').'). 
 
 McCarty, Richard, was a native of Albany, 
 N. Y.; altendid the ]iul)lii' schools; elected a Kej)- 
 resentative from New York to the Seventeenth 
 Congress. 
 
 McCarty, William M., was a native of Lou- 
 doun County, \'a. ; elected a Kei)resentative from 
 X'irginia to the Twenty-sixth Congress (vice 
 Charles F. >b-rcer, resigned) as a Whig, serving 
 from .lanuary 2.">, 1840. to March ;5, 1841. 
 
 McCauslen, William C, wa.sa native of Ohio; 
 
 attended the public schools; located at Steuben- 
 ville; elected a Kepn-sentative from Ohio to the 
 Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 McClammy, Charles W. , was born at Scottf- 
 Hill, N. C May 29, 18.Si); received an academic 
 education, and graduated from the I'nivcr-sity of 
 North Carolina in \SrtS); engaged in teaching; en- 
 tered the Corifeilerate army in ISiil ; by successive 
 promotions became majorof the Thinl North Caro- 
 lina Cavalry Regiment, and surremiered at Appo- 
 mattox; fanner; elected a member of the house of 
 commons of North Carolina in 18()l) and to the 
 State .senate in 1871; Democratic elector in 1884; 
 elected to the Fiftieth Congre.-'s as a Democrat; 
 leelected to the Fifty-first Congress: died February 
 2t), 1890. 
 
 McClean, Moses, was born at Gettvsburp, Pa., 
 
 in 1804; received an academic e<Uication; studied 
 law, and commenced luactice in 182.t; elected a 
 Kepresentative from Pennsylvania to the Twenty- 
 ninth Congress: State representative in 18.55: died 
 at (iettysburg. Pa., OctotxT 1, 1870. 
 
 McCleary, James Thompson, of Mankato, 
 
 Minn., was born at Ingersoll, Ontario, February 
 .'), 18.i:i; educated at the high .•school there and at 
 Mctiill I'niversity, ^Montreal; taught school for 
 some years in Wi.soonsin; resigneil the siiperin- 
 tenileiicy of the Pierce County. Wis., sr^hools in 
 I.S81 to become State institute comhictor of Minne- 
 sota anil iirofessorof history and civics in the State 
 Normal School, at >hinkato, continuing in this posi- 
 tion until .luiie, 1892; iluring summer vacations 
 conducteil institutes in Wisiorisin, Dakota, Vir- 
 ginia, Tenne.'^see, and Colorado; published .'^tuilies 
 in Civics in 1888 and a .Manual of Civics in 1894; 
 chosen president of the Minnesota I'/lucational 
 Association in 1891; elected to the Fiftv-thinl, 
 Fifty-fourth. Fifty-tilth, Fifty-sixth, ami Fifty- 
 seventh Congres.ses and reelei'ted to the Fifty- 
 eighth Congress as a Ke]puhliian. 
 
 McClellau, Abraham, of Blountsville, Tenn.. 
 wasa rrativeof that State; elected a Kei>re.st>ntative 
 fromTerines.see to the Twenty-tilth. Twenty-sixth, 
 anil Twerrty-sevenlli Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 McClellan, Charles A. O., wa.s born at .\sh- 
 land, Ohio, -May 25, 1835, where he resided until 
 
BIOGKAPHIES. 
 
 665 
 
 1856, when he moved to Auburn; educated in tlie 
 district school; studied law at Auburn; admitted 
 to tlie bar in 1860; in the banking business from 
 1868, being the president of the First National 
 Bank of Auburn; appointed judge of the fortieth 
 circuit of Indiana by Governor Willianjs in 1S79, 
 and served for two years; elected to the Fifty-first 
 Congress as a Democrat, reelected to the Fifty- 
 second Congress; died January 31, 1898. 
 
 McClellan, George Brinton, of New York 
 City, was born November L'.'i, 1865, at Dresden, 
 Saxony, where his parents had gone on a visit; 
 graduated from Princeton College in 1886; worked 
 as a rejiorter and in editorial positions on several 
 New York newspapers; lawyer by profession; 
 president of the Vjoard of aldermen of the city and 
 county of New York in 1892 and 1893; elected to 
 the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty- 
 seventh Congresses and reelecteil to the Fifty- 
 eighth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 McClellan, Robert, was a native of Schoharie 
 County, N. Y. ; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Twenty -fifth and Twenty-seventh Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; died at Middlebury, N. Y., 
 June 7, 1860. 
 
 McClelland, Robert, was born at Greencastle, 
 Pa., August 1, 1807; graduated from Dickinson 
 College, Carlisle, Pa., in 1829; admitted to the bar 
 in Chambersl)urg in 1831; moved to Pittsburg, 
 thence in 1833 to Monroe, Mich.; delegate to the 
 State constitutional conventions of 1835 and 1867; 
 State representative 1838-1843, the last year as 
 speakerof the house; elected a Representative from 
 Michigan totheTwenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, and 
 Thirtieth Congresses as a Democrat; delegate to 
 the national Democratic conventions of 1848, 1852, 
 and 1868; governor of Michigan 1851-1853, resign- 
 ing; Secretarv of tlie Interior 1853-1857; died at 
 Detroit, Jlicli., August 27, 1880. 
 
 McClelland, William, was born at Mount 
 Jackson, Pa., March 2, 1842; attended the West- 
 minster College at New Wilmington, Pa.; served 
 over four years in the civil war; attended the Alle- 
 gheny College; studied law, conmiencing practice 
 in 1870; elected a Representative from Pennsylva- 
 nia to the Forty-second. Congress as a Democrat; 
 defeated ior tlie Forty-third Congress, 
 
 McClenachan, Blair, was a native of Pennsyl- 
 vania; elected a Representative from Pennsyhania 
 to the Fifth Congress. 
 
 McClene, James, was born at New London, 
 Pa., Cctober 14; 1730; a Delegate from Pennsyl- 
 vania to the Continental Congress 1778-1780; died 
 at Antrim, Pa., March 13, 1806. 
 
 McClernand, John Alexander, was born in 
 Breckinridge County, Ivy., May 30, 1812; moved 
 to Illinois; studied law, commencing practice at 
 Shawneetown; served in the Black Hawk war; 
 State representative 1836, 1840, 1S42, and 1843; 
 Presidential elector on the Van Bureii and Johnson 
 ticket; elected a Repre.sentative from Illinois to 
 the Twentv-eighth, Twentv-ninth, Thirtieth, 
 Thirty-first,'Thirty-sixth, and Thirty-seventh Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; resigned after the first ses- 
 sion of the Thirty-seventh Congress, in 1861; re- 
 turned to Illinois to raise troops for the Union 
 Army and served through the civil war; dieil in 
 1900. 
 
 McClure, Addison S., of Wooster, Ohio, was 
 born there October 10, 1839; received an academic 
 education at Jefferson College, Pa.; studied law; 
 
 admitted to the bar in April, 1861; entered the 
 Army as a ju-ivate in April, 1861, and elected cap- 
 tain of Company H, Sixteentli Ohio Infantry Vol- 
 unteers, in October of the same year, and dis- 
 charged on account of expiration of service in the 
 fall of 1864; elected recorder'of Wooster in 1867; 
 appointed ]iostmaster of Wooster in 1867; reap- 
 pointed in 1872, and again reappointed in 1876; 
 delegate to the national Republican convention at 
 Chicago in 1868 and at Cincinnati in 1876; elected 
 to the Forty-seventh C'ongress as a Reiiublican; re- 
 elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress; resumed the 
 practice of law after leaving Congress. 
 
 McClure, Charles, was elected a Representative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Twenty-fifth Congress as 
 a Democrat; elected to the Twenty-sixth Congress 
 (vice William S. Ramsey, deceased), servingfrom 
 December 7, 1840, to 1841; State secretary of state; 
 died at Pittsburg, Pa., February 8, 1846. 
 
 McClurg', Joseph W., was born in St. Louis 
 County, Mo., February 22, 1818; attended Xenia 
 Academy and Oxford College; taught school in 
 Louisiana and Mississippi in 1835-36; moved to 
 Texas; circuit court clerk in 1840; returned to 
 Missouri and engaged in business in 1844; served 
 in the civil war as colonel of cavalry in the Union 
 Army; member of the State convention 1861-1863; 
 elected a Representative from Missouri to 'the 
 Thirty-eighth Congress as an Emancipationist; 
 reelected to the Thirty-ninth and I'ortieth Con- 
 gresses as a Radical, serving until he resigned in 
 1868; died in 1900. 
 
 McCoid, Moses A. , of Fairfield, Iowa, was born 
 in Logan County, Ohio; educated at Fairfield Uni- 
 versity and at Washington College, Pennsylvania; 
 studied law at Fairfield, Iowa, 1858-1861; "enlisted 
 as a private in Company E, Second Regiment Iowa 
 Volunteer Infantry, May 6, 1861 ; served in the bat- 
 tles of Fort Donelson, Shiloh, advance on Corinth, 
 battle of Corinth, October 3 and 4, 1862, Bear Creek, 
 Resaca, and Oostenaula River; at Fort DoneLson 
 received a commission as second lieutenant; acting 
 adjutant of the regiment during the advance on 
 Corinth and in the spring of 1862; engaged in the 
 practice of law at Fairfield; district attorney of 
 the sixth judicial district of low^a from January, 
 1867, to January, 1871; memlier of the State 
 senate of Iowa, 1872-1879, and chairman of the 
 senate judiciary committee of the seventeenth 
 general assembly; elected to the Forty-sixth, 
 Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses as a 
 Republican; resumed the practice of law after 
 leaving Congress. 
 
 McComas, Louis Emory, of Williamsport, 
 Md., was born in Washington County, Md., 
 October 28, 1846; educated at St. James College, 
 Maryland, and at Dickinson C^ollege, Penns\ivania, 
 graduating from the latter in 1866; studied law; 
 admitted to the bar at Hagerstown, ]\Id., in 1868, 
 and practiced law there until 1892; jirofessor of 
 international law in the law school of Georgetown 
 Univer.sity; Republican candidate for the Forty- 
 fifth Congress; elected to the Fort\' -eighth, Forty- 
 ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses, and 
 defeated for reelection to the Fifty-second Con- 
 gress; delegate at large to the Republican national 
 conventions in 1892 and 1900, and during the 
 Presidential campaign of 1892 was secretary of the 
 Republican national committee; on November 17, 
 1892, appointed by President Harrison an associate 
 justice of the supreme court of the District of 
 Columbia, which office he held when elected to 
 the United States Senate as a Republican, to sue- 
 
(560 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 t-ei'd Artlnir P. (iorinan, Domnrrat, ami took liis 
 scat March 4, lS!«t. 
 
 McComas, Williain, was a native of Virginia; 
 cli-itfd a Kfprcsfiitative from that State to the 
 Twt'ntv-thini and Twcntv-fonrth ("onjiresses as a 
 Whig." 
 
 McComb.Eleazer, was a Delegate from Dela- 
 ware to the Coiititiental Congress 1782-1784. 
 
 McConnell, Felix G., wjis a native of Lincoln 
 County, Tenn.; moved to Talladega, Ala. ; studied , 
 and iiractieeil law; elected a Keiirefeiitative from 
 Ahiliama to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth 
 I'oiigres.^es a." a Democrat, ^ierving until lii>' death, 
 at WashinL'ton. D. ('., Septemher It), 1840. 
 
 McConnell, W. J., of ^Moscow, Idaho, wa-s 
 hurn at Commerce, Oakland County, Mich., Sep- 1 
 tember 18, 18:{1); received an acailemic education; j 
 went West at the age of L'O; engaged in mining, 
 cattle husinc-s, mercliandising, and hanking; 
 moved to Idaho in lHS(i; pre.-ident of tlu; Oregon 
 State senate in ISSL'; memlierof the nalional con- 
 vention which nominated .lames <;. Blaine for 
 President: also a nieml)er of the constitutional 
 convention of Idaho; electeil to the United States 
 Senateas a Hepuhlican, December 18, 1890, taking 
 his seat .January .5, 1891, serving until Marc!) S, 
 1891; elected governor of Idaho in 1S92, and re- 
 elected in 1894; appointc<l Indian ins])ector by 
 President MidCinley in 1897. 
 
 McCook, Anson G., of Xew York City, was 
 born at Steubenville, Ohio, October 10, 18:i.5; 
 received a common school education; in thesi)ring 
 of 18.')4 crossed the Plains to California; returned 
 in the autuum of 1S.")9, and at the outbreak of the 
 rebellion was engaged in tlie study of the law; en- 
 tered the Cnion Army as captain in the Second 
 Kegiment of Ohio Infantry, and was at the lirst 
 battle of Bull Run; on the reorganization of the 
 regiment was commissioned major and afterwards 
 promoted to lieutenant-colonel and colonel, serv- 
 Hig with the regiment in the Army of the Cum- 
 berland; at the muster out of the regiment 
 commissioned colonel of the One hundred and 
 ninety-fourth Ohio Infantry, and at the close of 
 the war brevetted lirigadier-general; appointed 
 assessor of internal revenue in the seventeenth 
 Ohio ilistrict in Novendjer, bSfi.T; moved to New 
 York in May, 1873; elected to the Forty-lift h. 
 Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congres.ses as a 
 Republican. 
 
 McCord. Andrew, was a native of Ulster 
 County, X. Y.; State rei>resentative in 1800, 1802, 
 and 1807; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Eighth (^ongress. 
 
 McCord, Myron H., of Pluenix, Ariz., was 
 l)orn at Cere.-. .Mi Kean County, Pa., November 
 21), 1840; went to Wisconsin iii 18.">4 anil settled 
 at Shawano; moved to .Merrill in I87."i; educated 
 at the Richburg .\cademy. New York; by occupa- 
 tion a pul)lislicr, hunberman, and farmer, anil by 
 profession an editor; jiublisheil a ni'wspaper 1,8(>8- 
 188.3; mend)er of the State .senate in 187:i and 
 1874; member of as.seml)ly in 1881; ilclegate to 
 the Cincinnr.ti Republican national convention 
 187fi; rcgi^iter United States land ollice from April 
 1, 188.'!, to Dccerrd>er ."d, 188.'); electeil to the Fifty- 
 first Congress as a Republican; after leaving Con- 
 gress returned to Merrill, Wis., and engaged in 
 fanning and lumbeririL'; Reimblican candidate for 
 CongreKs in the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Con- 
 gresses and defeated; moved to .\rizoiia; api)ointed 
 
 governor of Arizima in 1897; resigned in 1898 and 
 organized the Territorial regiment for the Spanish 
 war. 
 
 McCorkle, Joseph. W., was a native of Ohio; 
 moved to Marysville, Cal.; elected a Rei)resenta- 
 tive from California to the Thirty-second Cungrcsa 
 as a hemocrat. 
 
 McCormick, Henry C, was born in Wash- 
 ington Township. Lycondng County, Pa., .lune 
 :10, 1844; educated in the common schools and at 
 Dickinson .Seminary; studied law: admitted to the 
 bar in 18t)6 and practiced hi.s profession; never 
 held any jiublic ollice until elected to the Fiftieth 
 Congress a.s a Ripnblicau; reelected to the Filty- 
 lirst Congre.'^s; delegate at large to the Republican 
 national convention in 1892; elected president of 
 the Williams)iortand .North Branch Railroad .lan- 
 uary 1, 1892; appointed attorney-general of Penn- 
 sylvania by (iovernor Hastings in .Jamiary, l89.i, 
 which ]iosition he held for four vears; died May 
 2(i, 1902. 
 
 McCormick, James R. , was born in AVashing- 
 
 ton County, >Io., August 1, 1824; attended the 
 (lublic schools; studied medicine; delegate to the 
 State constitutional convention of 18t)l; State sen- 
 ator in 18ti2anil 18()(); brigadier-general of nulitia 
 in 18liS; elected a Repre.-'entative from Missouri to 
 the Fortieth (vice Thomas E. Koel, decea.sed), 
 Forty-first, and Forty-second Congresses as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 McCormick, JohnW. , of Gallipolis, Ohio, was 
 born in (iallia Comity, Ohio, December 20, 18;U; 
 brought u|) on a farm and educated at the Ohio 
 Weslcyan University, at Delaware, t Ihio, and at the 
 Ohio University, at.\thens, Ohio; on leavingschool 
 engaged in the business of farming; elected dele- 
 gate to the Ohio constitutional convention in 1873; 
 elected to the Forty-eighth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican. 
 
 McCormick, N. B., of Phillij)sburg, Kans., 
 was born in Fayette County, Pa., November 20, 
 1847; brought upon a farm; received his ednca- 
 tiou in the connnon schools of his native county; 
 moved to Marion County, Iowa, in 18t>7, where he 
 settled on a farm and engaged in the business of 
 (arming and stock raising until his removal to 
 Phillips County, Kans., where he settleil u|Kin a 
 ' homestead in" 1877: while engaged in fanning 
 studied law; admitted to the bar in 1882; soon 
 thereafter formed a iiartnershi|) with Hon. S. W. 
 Mcl'"lrov, under whom he served as deputy county 
 attornev for four vcars; elected county attorney of 
 Phillilis County in lS90and reelected'in lS92,and 
 served in that capacity four years; refused a third 
 nomination; elected to the Fifty-fifth Congress as 
 a Populist; after leaving Congress resumed the 
 practice of law. 
 
 McCormick, Kichard C, was born at New 
 York City in 1832; received a cla.-^sical education; 
 entered business in Wall street in 1.8.i2; engaged in 
 journalistic work in New York in l.'<.^7; with the 
 Armv of the Potomac as a corres|>ondent of the 
 New" York Kvening Post in 18i>l-»>2; lii-st chief 
 clerk of the Department of .\gricidture; appoiiitiil 
 .secn-tary of .Vrizona Territory in 181):! and gov- 
 ernor of the Territory in l.'^liil; elected Delepite 
 from .\rizona to the Forty-first, Fort y-.second, and 
 Forlv-third Congresses as a Union candidate, 
 serving from .March 4, l,8ti9, to March 3, 187.5; 
 established the ,\ri/.ona Miner in 1.8ti4 and the 
 .\rizoiia Citizen in 1870; delegate to the Kepulv 
 lican national conventions of 1872, 187<), and 1880; 
 United States commissioner to the Centennial 
 
BIOGBAPHIE3. 
 
 667 
 
 Exposition in 1876; First Assigtant Secretary of 
 the Treasury in 1877; commissioner-general to 
 the Paris Exposition inlS7S; declined tlie mission 
 to Brazil in 1877 and the mission to Mexico in 
 1879; elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a Re- 
 publican; member of the board of managers of the 
 State Normal School at Jamaica, N. Y.; died June 
 2, 1901. 
 
 McCoy, Robert, was a native of Carlisle, Pa.; 
 attended common schools; State canal commis- 
 .sioner; elected a Representative from Pennsylva- 
 nia to the Twenty-second Congress; died at Wheel- 
 ing, Va., June 7, 1849. 
 
 McCoy, William, was a native of Augusta 
 County, Xa. ; elected a Representative from Yiv- 
 ginia to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Fif- 
 teenth,- Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nine- 
 teenth, Twentieth, Twenty-tirst, and Twenty- 
 secniid Congresses as a Jackson Democrat. 
 
 McCrary, Georg-e Washington, was l)orn near 
 Evansville, Ind., August 29, 1835; moved to what 
 is now Iowa in 1836; attended public schools; 
 studied law, commencing practice at Keokuk in 
 1856; elected State representative in 1857 and State 
 senator in 1861; elected a Representative from 
 Iowa to the Forty-first, Forty-second, Forty-third, 
 and F(jrtv-fourth Congresses as a Republican; Sec- 
 retary of 'War March V>, 1877 to 1879; judge of the 
 eighth judicial district 1879-1884; moved to Kansas 
 City, Mo., becoming consulting attorney for the 
 Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad Com- 
 pany; dieil at St. Joseph, Mo., June 23, 1895. 
 
 McCrate, John D. , was born at Wiscasset, Me., 
 May 1, 1800; graduated from Bowdoin College in 
 1819; studieil law, commencing practice at Wis- 
 casset; State representative 1831-1836; customs col- 
 lector 1836-1841; elected *a Representative from 
 Maine to theTwenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 McCreary, James B., of Richmond, Ky., was 
 born in Madison County, Ky., July 8, 1838; re- 
 ceived a classical education, and graduated at the 
 age of 18 from Centre College, Danville, Ky., in 
 1857; at once commenced the study of law, and 
 graduated from the law department of the Cum- 
 berland University of Tennessee (with the first 
 honor in a class of forty-seven) in 1859, and im- 
 mediately commenced the practice of law at Rich- 
 mond, Ky. : entered the Confe<lerate army in 1862; 
 lieutenant-colonel of the Eleventh Kentucky Cav- 
 alry at the close of the war; delegate to the na- 
 tional Democratic convention held in New York 
 in July, 1868; elected a member of the State house 
 of representatives of Kentucky in 1869, 1871, and 
 1873, and speaker of the house in 1871 and 1873; 
 Democratic candidate for governor in May, 1875, 
 and elected, serving from August, 1875, to Sep- 
 tember, 1879; elected to the Forty-ninth C!ongress 
 as a Democrat; reelected to the Fiftieth, Fifty- 
 first, Fifty-second, Fifty-third, and Fifty-fourth 
 Congresses; elected to the United States Senate in 
 1902: 
 
 McCreary, John, was a native of Chester Dis- 
 trict, S. C; elected a Representative from South 
 Carolina to the Sixteenth Congress. 
 
 McCreedy, Williami, was a native of Pennsyl- 
 vania; elected a Representative from Pennsylva- 
 nia to the Twenty-first Congress. 
 
 McCreery, Thomas Clay, was born in Daviess 
 County, Ky., in 1817; attended common schools; 
 studied law, and was both lawyer and farmer; 
 Presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 
 1852; elected United States Senator from Ken- 
 
 tucky as a Democrat in 1868 (vice James Guthrie, 
 resignetl) , serving from February 27, 1868, to 
 March 4, 1871; again elected fur the term 1873- 
 1879; died at Owensburo, Ky., July 10, 1890. 
 
 McCreery, William, was elected a Representa- 
 tive from Maryland to the Eighth, Ninth, and 
 Tenth Congresses. 
 
 McCulloch, George, of Center Line, Pa., was 
 elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Twenty-sixth Congress (vice William W. Potter, 
 deceased), as a Democrat, serving from December 
 2, 1839, to JIarch 4, 1841. 
 
 McCulloch, John, was a iiative of Pennsyl- 
 I vania; attended public schools; elected a Repre- 
 j sentative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-third 
 ' Congress as a Whig. 
 
 McCulloch, Philip D., jr., of Marianna, Lee 
 County, Ark., was born at Murfreesb(jro, Ruther- 
 ford County, Tenn., on the 23d day of June, 1851; 
 moved with Ids jiarents when 3 years of age to 
 Trenton, (4ibson County, Tenn. ; educated at 
 Andrew College of that plai'c; began the study of 
 law in 1871 at the age of 20; admitted to the bar 
 of Tennessee in August, 1872, and actively engaged 
 in the ]iractice of his profession from that time; 
 moved to Marianna, Lee County, Ark., in Febru- 
 ary, 1874; elected as the Democratic nominee to 
 the otlice of prosecuting attorney of the first judi- 
 cial district of the State in September, 1 878 ; renom- 
 inated and electeil for three successive terms; 
 nominated by the Democratic Congressional con- 
 vention at Paragould on the 13th of July, 1892, 
 for the Fifty-third Congress by acclamation, and 
 elected; reelected to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, 
 Fiftj'-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses. 
 
 McCuUog-h, Welty, of Greensburg, Pa., was 
 born at < ireensburg, Westmoreland County, Pa., 
 October 10, 1847; received a connnon and select 
 school education ; entered sophomore class at Wash- 
 ington and Jefferson College, and remained nearly 
 two years; went to Princeton. N. J., and entered 
 junior class at last term and graduated in June, 
 1870; second clerk under Capt. W. B. Coulter, 
 provost-marshal of twenty-first district of Penn- 
 sylvania, for two years during the war; after leav- 
 ing college read law, and admitted to the bar in 
 1872; never held any office until elected to the 
 Fiftieth Congress as a Republican; died August 
 31, 1899. 
 
 McCullough, Hiram, was born in Cecil County, 
 Md., September 20, 1818; received aft academic 
 education; studied ami practiced law; State sena- 
 tor 1845-1851 ; elected a Representative from IMary- 
 land to the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congres.ses 
 as a Demiicrat. 
 
 McCuUough, Thomas G., was a native of 
 Franklin County, Pa.; attended common schools; 
 elected a Representati\-e from Pennsylvania to tlie 
 Sixteenth Congress (vice David Fullerton, re- 
 signed), serving from November 13, 1820, to March 
 4, 1821. 
 
 McCumber, Porter James, of Wahpeton, N. 
 Dak., was born in Illinois Februarys, 1856; moved 
 to Rochester, Minn., the same year; brought up on 
 a farm and educated in the district schools, after- 
 wards in the city schools; taught school for a few 
 years, and took the law course in the LTniversity 
 of Jlichigan, graduating in 1880; moved to Wah- 
 peton, N. Dak., in 1881; practiced his profession; 
 member of the Territorial legislature in 1895 and 
 1897; refused to accept any pul)lic otiice in tiie 
 State except that which was in line with his profea- 
 
608 
 
 C()NORE8SION A I, 1 )I KKC H )K Y. 
 
 frion — State attorney — until lie beeaiiie a candi- 
 date fi>r Senator: elected to tlie I'niled States Sen- 
 ate as a Ue|iulili(an January 2t), l.sitit, and took liis 
 seal Man-li 4, ISilii 
 
 McDaniel, William, was electeil a Represent- 
 ative from Missiinri to the Twenty-ninth Conpress 
 (vice Sterling I'rice, resigned), as a nenioenit. 
 
 McDannold, John J., of Mount Sterlinj;, 111., 
 was horn in Uniwn t'onnty. 111., .\ut;ust2il, 1.'<.")I; 
 brought nil on a farm; eilncated in the eoninion 
 schools and private school at (inincy; stuilied law, 
 and ^.Taduated from the law di'partment of flu' 
 Iowa Stal<' rniversity. at Iowa City, in .Inne, 
 1H74; admitted to the bar of Illinois in September, 
 1874, and practiced law at Mount Sterliufr: ap- 
 jKiinted nuLster in chancery for Hrown County, 
 OctolxT, 1885; elected county judj;e of Hrown 
 County, November, IS.SlJ; reelected in November, 
 1890; resigned October 2, 1892; elected to the 
 Fifty-third Congress as a Democrat; after retiring 
 from Congress moved toChicago, where he engageil 
 in the jiractice of law. 
 
 McDearmon, James C, of Trenton, Tenn., 
 was born at New Canton, Buckingham Comity, 
 Va., .June 13, 1S44; nioveil with his jiarents to 
 Gibson County, Tenn., in 1S4H; attended .Viidrew 
 College, Trenton, Tenn., for several years before 
 the civil war; entered the Confedrate army .Vpril, 
 18t)2, and serve(l throughout the war in Cheatham's 
 division, .Vrmy of theTeniies.see; wounded slightly 
 at Murfreesboro ami severely at Kraiiklin; sur- 
 rendered at (ireensboro, N. C., with .Johnston's 
 arniv, April 26, lStj.5; admitted to the bar in l.Sii"; 
 practi<-ed law; elected to the Fifty-third Congress 
 a-s a Democrat: reelected to the Kifty-fipurth Con- 
 gress; resumed the practice of law after leaving 
 Congress. 
 
 McDermott, Allan liang-don, of .Jersey City, 
 N. .).. was born at South Boston, Mass.. March :iO, 
 1854; lawyer by jirofe.ssion; cor|)oration attorney 
 of .Jersey City l.'<7;i-l.S,s;j; district court judge 
 188:5-188t>; presiilent Jersey City board of linaiKe 
 and taxation 188;{-188t); member of State board of 
 taxation 1884-lS8(j; niemberof the State a.«.sembly 
 1880-81 ; corporation counsel of Jersey City; inem- 
 Ijer ol" the State senate 1899-UWO; 'cliaiVman of 
 the New Jersey State Democratic committee 1SS.5- 
 1895; niember of the commission to revise consti- 
 tution of New Jersey 1894: candidate of tin- Dem- 
 ocratic legislative caucus for I'nited States Si^nator 
 in 1895; elected to the Fifty-sixth Congress to fill 
 the vacancy (•auhed by the death of Hon. Wil- 
 liam D. J'aly, and reelected to the Fifty-seventh 
 Congress. 
 
 McDill, Alexander S., was born in Crawford 
 County, Pa., >Lirch IS, 1822; attcnde<l Alleghenv 
 College; graduated from Cleveland Medii'al Col- 
 lege; niove<l to Portage County, Wis., in 185(i; 
 elected State representative in 18(U and senator in 
 1862; Hepublican Presidential elector in 1864: 
 elected a Representative from Wis<ousin to the 
 Forty-third Congress a-s a Republican: <lefeateil 
 for the Forty-fonrth Congre.-^s: mediial superin- 
 tendent f>f the Wisconsin .State Hospital fur the 
 Insane 18(i8-187:{ and 1875 until his death, near 
 Madison, Wis., Novendier 12, 1875. 
 
 McDill. James Wilson, of .\fton, Iowa, was 
 born at .Monroe, Ohio, March 4, ls:!4: graduated 
 fmiii the Miami Cniversitv, at Oxford, Ohio, in 
 lR5.'i: studied law at Coluniiius, Ohio; admilteil to 
 the bar in l.H5li, and moved to Iowa in that year; 
 electe<l superintendent of Cnion County, Iowa, in 
 18.59; electcl county judge of I'nion County, 
 
 Iowa, in 1860; appointed in 1861 clerk of the Sen- 
 ale Comniiltee on the District of Columbia; clerk 
 in the ollice of the Tliinl Auditor of the Trejisury 
 18(i2-18()5, when hensigned and relurneil lo Iowa; 
 electeil lircuit judge of the second district, tliini 
 juilicial circuit of lowa, in 186.S; appointed in 1870 
 and then elected district judge of the third judicial 
 circuit of Iowa, which pipsition he held when 
 elected a Representative to the Forly-third Con- 
 gress; reelected to the Forty-fourth Congress; 
 member of the board of railroad couinii.s.-iioner8 
 for the Stall' of lowa 1S7S-I8S1; appointed to the 
 I'nitcil States Senate ius a Repidiiian to fill the 
 vacancy oi'casioned by the resignation of lion. 
 Samuel J. Kirkwood toac<c|)t tlieappoinlment as 
 Secretary of the Interior, ami took his si-at .March 
 8, 1881; subse(|uently elected to till the vacancy 
 bv the legislature of Iowa, serving until March 3, 
 1,88,S; died in 1S94. 
 
 McDonald, Alexander, was born in Clinton 
 County, Pa., .Vjiril 10, l.'^:!2; attended J-ewisburg 
 University; moved to Kansas in ls57, engaging in 
 general business; active in the civil war on the 
 rnioii side; became interested in banking in 
 Arkansas in 1.86.'!, finally locating at Little Rock; 
 niember of the State constitutional convention; 
 elected a I'nitcd States Senator from .Vrkansiis asa 
 Republican, .serving from June 2;i, 1868, to March 
 .'i 1.S71. 
 
 McDonald, Edward Francis, of Harrison, 
 
 N. .1., was boin in Ireland. September 21, 1844, 
 anil came to this country with his parents during 
 infancy; his education was obtained in the ]iublic 
 .schools; skille<l mecliani<', having learned Ihetraile 
 of machinist, which he followed up to 1875; elected 
 to the New Jersev a,=.sembly in 1874; elected 
 director at large of the board of chosen freehohlers 
 of Hudson County in 1877 and reelected in 1.S79, 
 serving four years; iho.sen Presidential elector by 
 tile Democratic State convention in 18S4, but <le- 
 dined the oltice; eleited.'^tate senator in 18.89, but 
 was unsealed for imn^ly ]iartisau rea.sons; restored 
 to his seat by the next senate and resigne<l to begin 
 his term as Ciuigressman; soldier in the civil war, 
 enlisting in 1861, before he was 17 years ol<l, in the 
 Seventh Regiment New Jersey Volunleers, .serving 
 under McClellan and Hooker; largely interested 
 ■in the business of real estate; town treasurer for 
 ten years, until he declined a further election; 
 eleited to till' Fifty-second Congress iU'^ a Democrat; 
 dii'd November 5, 1,S92. 
 
 McDonald. John, of Rockville. Md., was born 
 in Ireland, May 24, ls:!7; eduiated in the schools 
 of Iri'laiid: came to this country and eulisttil in 
 the r. S. .\rmy at Boston, Ma.ss., in 1857; joined 
 his regiment the following December in Arizona; 
 participated in several Indian campaigns in that 
 Territory and in California; served in the cavalry 
 corps of the .\rmy of the Potomac thniughout the 
 civil war; after the war ordereil to the Wi-st, where 
 he again took part in several campaiirns asiaiusl 
 hostile Indians; retired asa captain ot cavalry July 
 1, l.Sl)8, for di.sabilities incurred in the line of .serv- 
 ice; elected to the Maryland legislature as a Re- 
 publican in ISSI; elected t<i the Fifty-lifth Con- 
 gress as a Republican. 
 
 McDonald, Joseph E., was born in Rutler 
 County. Ohio, .\ugust 2'.t. ISV.i; taken to Indiana 
 in 1826; apprenticed to the .siddler's trade at IJX- 
 fayette; two years in college, but did not gr.iduate; 
 studied law; 'admitle<l to thebar in 1S4S, and <'om- 
 nienced to jiractice; pnwcuting attorney in 184S- 
 1.847; eUs'ted to the Thirty-tirst Congress from the 
 Kighth district of Indiiuia; elected attorney -general 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 669 
 
 o£ Indiana in 1856 and reelected in 1858; moved 
 to Indianajjolis in 1859; unsuccessful candidate for 
 governor of Indiana in 1864; elected totheUnited 
 States Senate to succeed Daniel D. Pratt, Republi- 
 can, and took his seat March 5, 1875; died June 
 21, ISfll, at Indianapolis, Ind. 
 
 McDonald, Moses, was born at Limerick, Me., 
 April 8, 1815; received an academic education; 
 studied law, commencing practice in 1837; State 
 representative 1841-42; speaker of the house in 
 1845 and State senator in 1847; State treasurer 
 1847-1849; elected a Representative from Maine to 
 the Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses as 
 a Democrat; customs collector at Portland 1857- 
 1861; died at Saco, Me., October 18, 1869. 
 
 McDougall, Alexander, was born in Scotland 
 in 17.31.; came to New York in 1755; engaged in 
 printing and was imprisoned as the alleged author 
 of Revolutionary documents; held several com- 
 missions in the Revolutionary army, finally as 
 major-general October 20, 1777; Delegate from 
 New York to the Contmental Congress 1781 and 
 1784-85; State senator 1783-1786; died at New 
 York City June 8, 1786. 
 
 McDougall, James A. , w as born at Bethlehem, 
 
 N. Y., Noveniljer 19, 1817; attended the Albany 
 public schools; studied law, commencing practice 
 in Pike County, 111., in 1837; State attorney-general 
 1842-1846; made explorations of thesouthw'estern 
 part of the United States, linally locating in San 
 Francisco; attorney-general of C'alifornia in 1850; 
 elected, a Representative from California to the 
 Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat; elected a 
 United States Senator from California fi.>r the term 
 1861-1867; delegate to the national Democratic 
 convention of 1864; died at Albany, N. Y., Sep- 
 tember 3, 1867. 
 
 McDowell, Alexander, of Sharon, Pa., was 
 born at Franklin, Venango County, Pa., in 1845; 
 received a connnon school education; printer by 
 trade; engaged in the banking liusiness; elected 
 to the Fifty-third Congress as a Republican, to 
 represent the State at large; elected Clerk of the 
 House of Representatives in the Fifty-fi mrth, Fifty- 
 lifth. Fifty -sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses. 
 
 McDowell, James, was born in Rockbridge 
 County, Va., October 12, 1796; graduated from 
 Princeton. College in 1817; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Virginia to the Twentv-ninth (vice 
 William Taylor, deceased), Thirtieth, and Thirty- 
 first Congresses as a Democrat, serving from JIarch 
 6, 1846, to 1851; died near Lexington, Va., August 
 24, 1851. 
 
 McDowell, James Foster, was born in Mifflin 
 County, Pa., December 3, 1825; moved to Ohio in 
 1835; attended the public schools; worked in a 
 printing office; studied law, Cfimmencing practice 
 in 1846; established the Marion Journal in Indi- 
 ana; elected a Representative from Indiana to the 
 Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat; defeated 
 for the Thirty-ninth Congress. 
 
 McDowell, John Anderson, of Millersburg, 
 Ohio, was born at Killbuck, Holmes County, Ohio, 
 September 25, 18.53; his father's familv move<l to 
 a farm in Monroe Township, Holmes County, 
 where he received his first years of schooling in a 
 country school; later the family returned to Kill- 
 buck, where he clerked in his father's store and 
 attended the village school in the winters; attended 
 the ^Millersburg High School and Lebanon Normal 
 University; graduated from Mount Union College; 
 began teaching a country school at 17; taught 
 
 seven winter terms; principal of Millersburg High 
 School two years and superintendent of Millers- 
 burg schools for seventeen years; county school 
 examiner for seven years; engaged as instructor in 
 teachers' institutes in several counties in Ohio; 
 also instructor in the summer school of Wooster 
 University; directly interested in agricultural pur- 
 suits for several years; elected to the Fifty-fifth 
 and Fifty-sixth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 McDowell, Joseph (father of Joseph J. Mc- 
 Dowell), was born in Wincliester, Va., in 1756; 
 moved to Burke County, N. C. ; active in the 
 Revolutionary war; member of the house of com- 
 mons of North Carolina 1782-1788; opposed to 
 the adoption of the Federal Constitution in the 
 State conventicjn; elected a Representative from 
 North Carolina to the Third and Fifth Congresses; 
 tiled in Burke Countv, N. C. 
 
 McDowell, Joseph J. (son of Joseph McDow- 
 ell), was b(pni in lUirke County, N. C, November 
 13, 1800; moved to Hillsboro, Ohio; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Ohio to the Twenty-eighth and 
 Twenty-ninth Con.giesses as a Democrat; died at 
 Hillsboro, Ohio, January 17, 1877. 
 
 McDuffie, George, was born in Columbia 
 County, Ga., in 1788; graduated from South Caro- 
 lina College in 1813; studied law and commenced 
 practice in 1814 at Pendleton, S. C. ; State repre- 
 sentative 1818-1820; elected a Representative from 
 South Carolina to the Seventeenth, Eigliteenth, 
 Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty- 
 second, and Twenty-third Congresses as a Demo- 
 crat, serving until his resignation in 1834; elected 
 governor; elected a L^nited States Senator from 
 South Carolina ( vice William C. Preston, resigned) ; 
 reelected, serving from January 3, 1843, until his 
 resignation, Januarv 17, 1846; died in Sumter 
 District, S. C, March 11, 1851. 
 
 McDuffie, John v., was born at Addison, Steu- 
 ben County, N. Y., ilay 16, 1841; moved with his 
 parents to Bureau County, 111., 1855; attended 
 school at Lutheran College, Iowa; joined Company 
 B, Second Iowa Cavalry, July, 1861; served during 
 the entire war, leaving service at Selma, Ala. ; 
 located at Lowndes County, Ala. ; studied law and 
 admitted to practice in fiie State courts; elected 
 judge of probate in 1868; reelected in 1872 and 
 held the office until 1880; renominated and re- 
 elected in 1880, but counted out; elected a member 
 of the State constitutional convention in 1875, but 
 did not serve; Republican candiilate for the 
 Fiftieth Congress, but was not given the certificate 
 of election; contested and received the support of 
 his party in said Congress; renominated for the 
 Fifty-first Congress, and after contest was seated 
 June 4, 1890; died in 1896. 
 
 McEnery, Samuel Douglas, of New Orleans, 
 La., was born at Monroe, La., May 28, 1837; edu- 
 cated at Spring Hill College, near Mobile, Ala., 
 the United States Naval Academy, and the Uni- 
 vereity of Virginia; graduated from State and 
 National Law School, Poughkeepsie, N. Y.; served 
 in the Confederate Aimy, in the war between the 
 States, as lieutenant, in Virginia, under Magruder, 
 an<l in the trans-Mississippi ilepartment; lawyer by 
 profession; nominated by the Democratic party 
 and elected lieutenant-governor, with L. A. ^\■iltz 
 as governor, in 1879; on the death of Governor 
 Wiltz, October, 1881, succeeded him in the execu- 
 tive office; nominated by the Democratic party for 
 governor and elected in 1884; appointed asso<-iate 
 justice of the supreme court in 1888 for the term 
 of twelve vears; nominated bv the Democratic 
 
670 
 
 CONGRKSSIONAL BIKKC lOKY, 
 
 j-«iity ill 1S92 fur puvornor arnl tlefeated by the 
 Aiiti-l-ottcry imrtv; nnniiiuitt'il \>y IVnincratic 
 cauiiis for Soiuitor at llio sc-sUni of tlie logislaturr 
 in IS'lti, ami oliitiil In tlic Sciiati-, tu siicrt'ed 
 linn. N. ('. Hhuulianl. May lis, IM'Iti; tonk his seat 
 March 4, 1S!17; rocliiliMl in l!H)l'. 
 
 McEttrick, Michael J., i>f Hoston, Mat<s., wsm 
 horn at Uoxlmry, Mas,-., .Iniu- L'L'. 184(1: ^rniduatcd 
 from the \\'a.-^hint;ton (iraniiiiar ami Hoxhury 
 Littin sthools; hy profc-ision a jonrnali.-^t; as.«istant 
 a-si's-sor of Boston in 1SS4; I'k'itcil tlu' .-ami' year 
 to the honse of rei)rt'Sfntativi'S of Ma.-isaolui.-iott.i 
 and rcolecti-d for st'ven const'cutive fi'rnis; cliair- 
 nian of the l)eniocratii' nienihcrs of the hou.xeand 
 served a.s chairnuin of the eomniittce on lahor; 
 elected to the State senate in ISitO; elected to the 
 riftv-lhird Con^Tc-s as a democrat. 
 
 McEwan, Thomas, jr., of .lereey City, N. J., 
 was Ixirn at I'atersou, N. .1., I'Vhruary •.'•>, lS.i4; 
 lawyer hy iirofession and formerly a civil cnjiineer; 
 assest-or of the fonrth di.-^trict, .Icrscy City, for 
 two years, 188(>-S7; Cnited States connnissioner 
 and <'hief suiiervi.-^or of elections for the district of 
 New .lersey from Anfrust, lSil2, to Octohcr, ISiC!; 
 ilele«rate from llmlson County to the Kciiuhlican 
 national convention of 18('2; elected a niendjcr of 
 the a.«.sembly in a Democratic district in llndson 
 County in ISilS hy a V'hirality of 81."> over Dr. 
 Stout, who was the representative the year hefore; 
 in the lejiislative session of ]8!t4chosen the Repuh- 
 lican leailer of the house; elected to the I'ifty- 
 fiiurth anil Kifly-lifth Con^'resses a-s a Kepuhlican. 
 
 McFadden, ObadiahB., was horn in Wash- 
 ington County, I'a., in 1817; stmlied and ]iracticed 
 law; elected State representative in 184;>; appointed 
 a justice of the supreme court of Oivgon Territory 
 in 1853, of Washiufitnii Territory in 1S54, and 
 chief justice of tlie latter in 18.iS, serving until 
 1861; member of the legislative council; elected a 
 Delegate from Washington Territory to the Forty- 
 thirdC'ongress as a Democrat; diei at Olynipia, 
 Wash., June '-'•'>, 1875. 
 
 McFarlan, Duncan, was a native of Xorlh 
 Carolina; attended the common schools; elected 
 a Kepre.sentative from North Carolina to the 
 Ninth Congre.ss; State senator for three years; 
 died Sejitemher 7, ISlti. 
 
 HcFarland, William, was horn at Danclridge, 
 Tenn., 8epteml>er 15, 1821; attended the common 
 schools; studied law; engaged in tamiing ami 
 other husiness until 18til; engageil in the jiractice 
 of law in lSt>5; held several local judicial ollices; 
 elected a Kepreseutative from Tennessee to the 
 Forty-fourth Congress as a Conservative Demo- 
 crat ;(lefeated for the Forty-tifth Congress. 
 
 McOann, Lawrence Edward, of Chicago, III., 
 was Iporn February L', 1852, in Ireland; his father 
 died in 1854; emigrated to the Uniteil States with 
 his mother in 18.55, and settled in Milfonl, Ma.ss., 
 where he attended the public schools; movid to 
 Chicago in 18ti5, and there worked at the boot ami 
 shoe trade until 187H; employeil as clerk in the 
 service of the city until 1885; ap|>ointeil superin- 
 tendent of stnets .lanuary I, 1885, and re.signed 
 May, 18ill; elected to the Fifty-.second Congre-^s 
 as a Democrat; reelected to the Fifty-third Con- 
 gress; receivinl the certificate of election to the 
 Fifty-fourth Congre.-s, hut his seat was success- 
 fullv contested hy II. K. Belknap, who took his 
 seat Ile<ember 27, 18!i5. 
 
 McGaug-hey, Edward W., was a native of In- 
 diana; attended the public s<-hools; electe<l a liep- 
 
 resentative from Indiana to the Twenty-ninth and 
 Thirtv-lirst Congres.ses iv a Whig; defeated for 
 the Tlnrtv-second Congress; died at < ireencastle, 
 Ind., August 18, 1852. 
 
 IMCcOowan, Jonas H., of Coldwater, Mich., 
 was horn in the townshi|) of Smithtown, Mahon- 
 ing (then Columbiana) County, Ohio, April 2, 
 18S7; moved with his |>arents to Orland, Steutjen 
 County, Ind., in 18.54; cntereil the I'nivi-rsity of 
 .Michig-an in 1857 and graduated in .lime, 18t>l; 
 taught in the city schools of Coldwater. .Mich., 
 for one year and then enli.sted as a private in the 
 Fifth Michigan Cavalry Volunteers; afterwards 
 promoteil to a ca]>taincv; raised a company for the 
 Ninth Michigan Cavalry, and went into active 
 service with that regiment in the spring of 18t)3; 
 by reason of injuries receiveil in a cavalry charge 
 was ilisabled, and resigned his commission in Feb- 
 ruarv, 18(i4, returning to Coldwater, where he 
 studied law; admitted to the bar iii isii7; from 
 181)8 to 1872 piosecutingattorney; .•'crved one term 
 as State senator and .«even years as regent of the 
 L'niversity of Michigan, resigning to take his seat 
 in the Forty-lifth Congress, to which he was 
 electe<l; reelected to the Forty-sixth Congress as 
 a Bepuhlican. 
 
 HcGrew, James C, was born in Monongalia 
 County, Va. (now West Virginia), September 14, 
 181.S; attendeil the common .schools; engaged in 
 mercantile pursuits and banking; delegate to the 
 State convention of 18(il; .state representative of 
 West Virginia 18tv!-1865; managing directorof the 
 West Virginia Insane Hospital for many years; 
 elected a Ueiucseiitalive from West Virginia to 
 the Fort_\-lirst and Forty-second Congress<es as a 
 Union Kepublican. 
 
 McHatton, Robert, was a native of Virginia; 
 moved to ( ieorgetovMi, Kv.; elected a Rejjresent- 
 ative from Kentucky to the Nineteenth Congress 
 as a .faikson Democrat, vice .lames .Johnson, de- 
 ceaseti; reelectetl to the Twentieth Congress; 
 died at (ieorgetown, Ky. 
 
 McHenry, Henry D., was born at Ilartforfl, 
 Ky., February 27, 182(i; graduated from Tr.msyl- 
 vania Law .S-hool in 1845; State representative 
 1851-1853 and 18(i.5-18(i7, and State senator 18t>l- 
 18()o; electeil a Hepre.-entative from Kentucky to 
 the Forty-secoml Congress as a Democrat; memlier 
 of the Democratic national committee 187t>-1890; 
 died at Hartford, Ky., Deceml>er 17, 1890. 
 
 McHenry, James, was born in Ireland No- 
 
 vemlier Hi, 175.S; aid-de-canip to (ieneral Iji- 
 fayette iluring the Kevolution; Delegate from 
 Maryland to the Continental Congress 178.'i-178ti 
 and the IVderalconstitutional convention in 1787; 
 Secretarv of War, ,Ianuarv 29, 179t), to May 13, 
 !,s(H); dil'd at Baltimore, Md., >[ay 8, 181(>. 
 
 McHenry, John H.. of Hartfonl, Ky., was a 
 native of that State; elected a Kepreseutative from 
 Keutuckv to the Twentv-ninth Congress as a 
 Whig. 
 
 Mcllvaine, Abraham Robinson, was Ixirn at 
 Crum Creek. I'a., .\iigust 14, 18(14; attended the 
 <-omnion schools; became a farmer in Chesti-r 
 Couutv, I'a.; State repn-.-entative l.S;{(>-37; l*n-si- 
 dential elector on the Whig ticket in 1840; electeil 
 a Repn-sentative from I'ennsylvaniato the Twenty- 
 eighth, Twentv-ninth, and Thirtieth Congress«'s as 
 a Whig; dieil In l'he.ster I'ountv, Pa., August 14. 
 18(i3. 
 
 Mcllvaine, Joseph, waslnirn at Bri.irtol, Bucks 
 County, Fa., in 17t>8; receiveil an academic etluca- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 671 
 
 tion; i5tiulied law and commenced practice in 1791 
 at Burlinirton, N. J.; county court clerk l.sOO-1823; 
 United .States attorney for New Jersey 1801-1820; 
 elected a United States Senator from New Jersey 
 asa Democrat (vice Samuel L. Southard, resigned), 
 servin;; from December 1, 1823. until his death at 
 Burlington, N. J., August 19, 1826. 
 
 Mclndoe, Walter D., was born in Scotland, 
 March 30, 1819; emigrated to America in 1823; 
 engaged in business in New York, Charleston, and 
 St. Louis, tiuall}' locating in Wisconsin in the 
 lumber business; State representative 1850, 1854, 
 and 1855; Presidential elector on the Republican 
 tickets of 1856 ami 1860; elected a Representative 
 from Wiscon.«in to the Thirty-seventh, Thirty- 
 eighth, and Thirty-ninth Congresses as a Repub- 
 can, serying from January 26, 1863, to 1867. 
 
 Mclutire, Rufus, was born at York, Me., De- 
 cember 19, 1774; graduated from Dartmouth Col- 
 lege in 1809; studied law and commenced practice 
 at Parsonstield, Me., in 1812; served in the war of 
 1812; State representative and county attorney; 
 on the boundary commission in 1826; elected a 
 Representative from Maine to the Twentieth, 
 Twenty-flrst, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third 
 Congresses as a Jackson Democrat; State land 
 agent 1839-1840; United States marshal for Maine 
 and survevor of tlie port of Portland; died at I'ar- 
 sonslield. Me., April 28, 1866. 
 
 Mclntire, William Watson, of Baltimore, 
 Md., was born in Franklin County, Pa., of Scotch- 
 Irish and German parentage, June 29, 1850; in his 
 infancy his parents moved t<> Washington County, 
 Md., where his father died in 1868 from the effects 
 of wounds received in the war of the rebellion; 
 forced in early life to provide for a dependent 
 family, he learned the trade of machinist, and 
 moved in July, 1872, to Baltimore, where he ob- 
 tained employment in the machine shops of the 
 Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company, at Mount 
 Clare; \\ orked liere till 1874, when he received an 
 appointment in the United States Kaihvay Mail 
 Service; remained in this servic<e till 1885, when 
 he resigned and became general agent of the 
 United States Life Insurance Company for the 
 State of Maryland and the District of Columbia; 
 for a short time attended school at the Hagers- 
 town Acadeiriy; while in the Railway Mail Serv- 
 ice studied law and admitted to the Baltimore 
 bar; elected as a Republican to the city council of 
 Baltimore in 1887, and was reelected in 1888; in 
 the campaign of 1895 was treasurer of the ilary- 
 land Republican State and city committees; 
 elected to the Fifty-tifth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Mclntyre, Archibald Thompson, of Thomas- 
 ville, Ga., was born in Twiggs County, Ga., October 
 27, 1822; attended Thomasville Academy; studied 
 law at Monticello, Fla., and IMacon, Ga. ; State 
 representative in 1849, and a delegate to the State 
 constitutional convention of 1865; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Georgia to the Forty-second Con- 
 gress as a Democrat. 
 
 McJunkin, Ebenezer, was born in Butler 
 County, Pa., March 28, 1819; graduated from Jef- 
 ferson College in Pennsylvania in 1841; studied 
 law; delegate to the national Republican t-onveii- 
 tion at Chicago in 1860; Republican Presidential 
 elector in 1864; elected a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Forty-second and Forty-third 
 Congresses as a Republican, resigning January 1, 
 1875. 
 
 McKaig, William McMahon, of Cumberland, 
 Md., was born of Scotch-Irish parentage at Cum- 
 
 l)erland, Allegany County, Md., July 29, 1845; 
 educated in the Carroll School an<l the Allegany 
 County Academy; boated coal o\er the Chesa- 
 peake and <_)hio Canal frcim Cund>erland to the 
 navy-yard in Washington City 1860-1865; read 
 law; admitted to the Allegany bar April, 1868; 
 healtli failing him in 1873, he went to Colorado 
 Territory and lived an outdoor life; spring of 1874 
 went to Manitou and Denver, and engaged in the 
 hotel business until October, when he went to 
 Salt Lake City, Utah, then to San Francisco, Los 
 Angeles, and Cajon Pass, near the Panamint 
 ilines, California, where he followed gol<l mining; 
 spring of 1875 went to Acapulco, Jlexico; Pont 
 Auranus, Closta Rica; Panama, Aspinwall, and 
 Savanilla, in the United States of Colombia; then 
 to New Ycjrk; failed to secure the Democratic 
 nomination for State attorney for Allegany County; 
 ajipointed city attorney of Cumberland in 1876; 
 elected in 1877 from Allegany County to the lower 
 branch of the ^Maryland legislature; appointed in 
 187t) colonel on the personal staff of Governor 
 Hamilton; appointed chief of ordnance on the 
 general staff by Governor Robert M. McLane in 
 1884, and reappointed Ijy Governors Lloyd and 
 Jackson; elected State senator from Allegany 
 County in 1887; elected mayor of Cumberland in 
 spring of 1890; in the fall of same year elected to 
 the Fifty-second Congress as a Democrat; reelected 
 to the Fifty-third Congre.ss. 
 
 McKay, James J. , was born in Bladen County, 
 N. C, in 1793; pursued classical studies and studied 
 law; United States attorney tor North Carolina for 
 a number of years; State senator 1815-1819, 1822, 
 1826, and 1830; elected a Representative from 
 North Carolina to the Twenty-second and contin- 
 uously to the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat; 
 died at Goldsboro, N. C, September 14, 1853. 
 
 McKean, James Bedell, was born at Hoosick, 
 N. Y., Augusts, 1821; received an academic edu- 
 cation; studied law and commenced practice at 
 Saratoga Springs in 1849; county judge 1854-1858; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses as a 
 Republican; colonel of the Sixty-seventh New- 
 York Volunteers in the civil war; appointed chief 
 justice of Utah bv President Lincoln, serving 
 until 1875. 
 
 McKean, Samuel, was born in Huntingdon 
 County, Pa., in 1790; attended the common schools; 
 elected a Rejire.sentative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses 
 as a Democrat; elected a I'nited States Senator 
 from Pennsylvania for the term of 1833-1839; died 
 in McKean County, Pa., June 23, 1840. 
 
 McKean, Thomas, was born in Chester County, 
 Pa., March 19, 1734; received an academic educa- 
 tion; studied law; commenced practice at New- 
 castle, Del.; colonial representative 1762-1769; 
 delegate from Delaware to the general congress 
 at New York City in 1765 and to the Continental 
 Congress 1774-1783; served in the Revolutionary 
 Army; moved to Pennsylvania; delegate to the 
 State constitutional convention; governor of Penn- 
 sylvania 1799-1808; died at Philadelphia, Pa., June 
 24, 1817. 
 
 McKee, George C. , was born at Joliet, 111., 
 October 2, 1837; attended Knox College and Lom- 
 liardy University; admitted to the liar in 18.58; 
 city attorney at Centralia; served throughout the 
 civil war with distinction, from private to briga- 
 dier-general; resumed law practice in Vicksburg, 
 Miss.; appointed register in bankruptcy in 1867; 
 
(>72 
 
 OONORESSIONAL DIRKCTOBY. 
 
 \] 
 
 elwted a Represenbitive from Mississippi to tho 
 Fortieth ('(uijrross lis ii Rcpuhlican, but iho Stati- 
 was rcfnsdl rcprt'sentatioii; lU'iteil In tin; Korty- 
 tirst. Kiirty-si'coiiil, ami Knrty-tliinl I'Diitrresst-s; 
 nostniaster of .lacksoii lor four years; ilit-d at 
 acksoii, Miss., Nov<.'inl>i'r 17, ISIX). 
 
 McKee, John, wa-s a native of l{o(kl)ri<l]c;e 
 County, Va. ; received an aeadcuiie education; 
 located at Tuscaloosa, Ala.; ajjeiit to the Choctaw 
 Indians; elected a Representative from Alabama 
 to the KilihteiMitli, Nineteenth, and Twentieth 
 Congresses; died at Tuscaloosji, Ala. 
 
 McKee, Samuel, was a native of Virginia; 
 moved to Kentucky; ilelesrate to the constitutional 
 convention; elected a Keiiri'sentative from Ken- 
 tucky to the Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, and 
 Knurleciith ('oiif;res.-<es as a Deniocnit. 
 
 McKee, Samuel, w;i.s born in Montgomery 
 County, Ky., Novend)eri>, l,s;{;{; attended the com- 
 mon sihools; graduated from Miami Cniversitv, 
 Ohio, in lS.'i7, and the Cincinnati Law S<hool ni 
 1858, commencing practice at Mount ."Sterling, Ky.; 
 served in the civil war as captain of volunteers; 
 electe<l a K<i>resentative from Kentucky to the 
 Thirtv-ninth and Fortieth Congresses as a Repub- 
 lican;" iiension agent at Louisville 1869-1871; died 
 in 1898. 
 
 McKeighan, William Arthur, was born of 
 Irish parents in Cund)erland County, X. J., .lan- 
 uary lil, 1S4'2; moveil with his parents to Fulton 
 County, 111., in 1S48, where he lived on a farm 
 and attended the conunon school; enlisted in the 
 Eleventh Hegiment Illinois Cavalry Septend>er, 
 18»>1; at the close of the war settled on a farm 
 near I'ontiac, ill.; took an active part in organ- 
 izing the Farmers' Association; elected vice- 
 presiilent for the Eighth Congressional district; 
 moved to .\e)iraska in ISSO and .-iettUMl cm farm 
 near Red Cloud; took an active interest in organ- 
 izing the Alliance; elected county judge of Webster 
 County in 1885; nominated for Congress by the 
 Alliance, or Independent party, indorsed bv the 
 Democratic convention, and elected to the Fifty- 
 second Congress as an Jndepen<lent; reelected to 
 the Fifty-third Congress; died at Hastings, Nebr., 
 DecemVier 15, 1895. 
 
 McKenna, Joseph, of ■'^nisun, Cal.; was bom 
 at l'hilad<li>hia. Fa., .\ugust 10, 184:5; went toCali- 
 fornia with his parents in January, 18.55; district 
 attorney of Solano County for two terms, com- 
 mencing in ^larch, IHtlil; servi'il in the California 
 legislature in the sessions of 1875 and lS7t); un- 
 successful Re|Miblicau candidate for Congress in 
 1876 from the Third district, and again the imsuc- 
 cessful candiilate in 1S79; elei'ted to the Forty- 
 ninth Congrc-is as a Republican; reelected to the 
 Fiftieth, Fifty-first, and Fifty-second ('ongres,<es; 
 Atloruey-(ieneral imder I'resident MiKinley.and 
 subse<|uently apjiointed a justice of the Supreme 
 Court. 
 
 McKennan, Thomas M. T. , was born in New- 
 castle County. I'a., March SI, 1794: received an 
 acailemic education ami studied law, commencing 
 practice at \Va.<liington. I'a.; elected a Keiirc-ient- 
 ative from I'ennsylvania to the Twenty-second, 
 Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, Tweiily-l'ifth, ami 
 Twenty-seventh Congresses as a Whig; Secrt-tary 
 of the Interior August 15 to Septeml)er 1»', 185tj; 
 die<l at Reading, Pa., July 9, 1852. 
 
 McKenney. William Kobertson, of Peters- 
 burg, Va., was b..rii at that cily I)iicnd>er ".', 1851; 
 prepared for college at McCabc's University 
 
 School, Petersburg; entereil the academic depart- 
 ment of the I'niversity of Virginia in Octolx-r, 
 1871, ami afterwards gracluated from a mnnlK-r of 
 the wchi>olsof that institution; taught .sdiool for 
 two years, anil in the fall of 1875 entered the law 
 school of siiid university; graduattil in June, 1876, 
 with the degree of H. 1..; commen<-ed the practice 
 of law in Petersburg; elected jjresideftt of the city 
 council of Petersburg in the sjiring of 1888, whicfi 
 i>Hicc he luld for si.\ years; Presidential elector 
 on the Democratic ticket in 1888, and in 1892 a 
 delegate to the Democratic national c(Uivenlion at 
 Chicago, in which body he was the Virgiida rep- 
 resentative on the connnittee on credentials; served 
 as a member of the Stjite Democratic executive 
 connnittee; elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress 88 
 a 1 >emocrat; his seat was successfully contested by 
 R. T. Thorp, who was seated May 2. 189t>. 
 
 McKenty, Jacob K., was born at Douglasville, 
 Pa., in 1827; graduated from YaleCollege in 1848; 
 stuilied law, and connnenced practice at Reading 
 in 1851; elected county attorney in 1851); elected 
 a Representative from Pennsylvania to theThirty- 
 si.xtb Congress (vice John Schwartz, deceased), 
 serving from Decemljer 3, 1860, to March 3, 1861; 
 died at Douglasville, Pa., .January ;{, 186;?. 
 
 McKenzie, James A., of Long View, Ky., was 
 born in Christian County, Ky., .-Vugust 1, 1840; e<1u- 
 catcd in the common schools of Christian Coimty 
 and at Centre College, Danville, Ky.; studied law 
 and admitted to the l)ar; by occupation a farmer; 
 member of the Kentucky legislature 1867-1871; 
 Democratic elector for the State at large in 1872; 
 elected to the Forty-fifth Congre.«s and reelecte<l 
 to the Forty -sixth and Fortv-.-^eventh Congre,<:*es 
 as a Democrat; secretary of State of Kentucky 
 inider (iovernor J. Proctor Knott; commissioner 
 to the World's Fair, Chicago; minister to Peru 
 under Cleveland's last Administration, an<l while 
 there contracted the smallpox, which settled in his 
 eyes; resigned, and located on his farm near lx>ng 
 \'iew, Ky. 
 
 McKenzie, Lewis, was born at .Mexandria, 
 Va., October 7. 1810; received an academic educa- 
 tion; prominently engaged in ship|)ing and mer- 
 cantile business; cily councilman for a nundxT of 
 years: State Re|>re.sentative from Virginia to the 
 third session of the Thirty-seventh Congress as a 
 l"nionist, serving from February 16, 1,S6.'{, to March 
 3, 1863, and as a I'nion Conservative to the Forfy- 
 tii>t Congre.-is. serving from January 31, 1870, to 
 March 3, 1S71; president of the Washington and 
 Ohio Railroad Comjiany; appointed postmaster of 
 .Mexandria in 1878. 
 
 McKeon, John, was born at Albany, N. Y., 
 in ISOS; graduated from Columbia College; studietl 
 law and practiced in New York City; State assem- 
 blyman I8;i2-1834; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty- 
 seventh Congresses as a Democrat: defeated for 
 tlie Twenty-lifth and Twenty-eighth Congn'ss<'s; 
 distrii-t alt<)rney for New York County 1846-1.8,50, 
 and again elected in 1.S81; apiiointed I'nited States 
 district attorney for the southern district of New 
 York in 18.53; diet! at New York Citv, Noveuit>er 
 22, 1883. 
 
 McKibbin, Joseph C, was horn in Penn.-'yl- 
 vania in IS'.M; receiveil an academic t'ducalion; 
 moved to Calil'ornia: elected a Representative from 
 California to the Thirty-lifth Congress as an anti- 
 lA'Compton Democrat; died July 1, 1896. 
 
 McKim. Alexander, was Ixirn at Baltimore, 
 Md., in 1748; received an acadi'mic e<lucation: 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 673 
 
 elected a Representative from JIaryland to the 
 Eleventh, Twelfth, ami Thirteenth Congresses as 
 a Democrat. 
 
 McKim, Isaac, was a native of Baltimore, Md. ; 
 attended the public schools; engaged in mercan- 
 tile pursuits; elected a Representative from Wary- 
 land to the Seventeenth Congress as a Jackson 
 Democrat, vice Samuel Smith, resigned; reelected 
 to the Eighteenth, Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, 
 and Twentv-tifth Congresses, serving until his 
 death. April 1, 1838, at Washington, l). C. 
 
 McKinley, John, was a native of Culpeper 
 County. \'a. ; studied law and commenced prac- 
 tice at Louisville, Ky.; moved to Huntsville, Ala.; 
 a State representative; elected a United States 
 Senator from Alabama as a Jackson Democrat 
 (vice Henry Chambers, deceased), serving from 
 December 21, 1826 to 1831; elected a Representative 
 from Alabama to the Twenty-third Congress; ap- 
 pointed an associate justice of the United States 
 Supreme Court April 22, 1837, serving until his 
 death, July 19, 18.52, at Louisville, Ky. 
 
 McKinley, 'William, \vas a native of Virginia; 
 elected a Representative from that Mate to the 
 Eleventh Congress as a Democrat (vice John G. 
 Jackson, resigned), serving from December 21, 
 18,10, to March 3, 1811. 
 
 McKinley, William, jr., of Canton, Ohio, was 
 born at Niles, Ohio, January 29, 1843; enlisted in 
 the U. 8. Army on June 23, 1861, as a private sol- 
 dier in the Twenty-third Ohio \'olunteer Infantry, 
 and mustered out as captain and brevet major in 
 tlie same regiment; prosecuting attorney of Stark 
 County, Ohio, 1869-1871; elected to the Forty- 
 fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses 
 as a Repuljlican; defeated for the Forth-eighth 
 Congress; elected to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and 
 Fifty-first Congresses; elected governcjr oi Oliio in 
 1891 and inaugurated January 11, 1892; elected 
 President of the United States in November, 1896, 
 as a Republican; reelected President in 1900; as- 
 sassinated by an anarcliist while attending the Pan- 
 American Exposition at Buffalo, N. Y., September 
 6, 1901, and died in that city September 14, 1901. 
 
 McKinney, John F. , was born on a farm near 
 Piqua, Ohio, April 12, 1827; received a liberal ed- 
 ucation; studie<l law and commenced practice in 
 18.51 at Piqua; elected a Representative from Ohio 
 to the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat; de- 
 feated for the Thirty-ninth Congress; elected to 
 the Forty-second Congress. 
 
 McKinney, Luther F., of Manchester, N. H., 
 was born in Licking County, Ohio, April 25, 1841; 
 spent his early life on a farm; received a common 
 school education; enlisted in the First Ohio Cav- 
 alry in August, 1861, and served as sergeant till 
 1863. when he was discharged for disabilities re- 
 sulting from typhoid fever; in the spring of 1865 
 moved to the State of Iowa, where he remained 
 till the fall of 1867, being engaged in farming and 
 teaching; in September, 1867, entered the St. 
 Lawrence University at New York, took a three 
 years' course, and graduated June 30, 1870; moved 
 to Maine and entered the ministry; moved to 
 New Hampshire in 1873; elected a Representative 
 from New Hampshire to the Fiftieth Congress as a 
 Democrat; reelected to the Fifty-second Congress; 
 was minister to Colombia, South America, 1893- 
 1897. 
 
 McKissock, Thomas, was born in L'lster 
 County, N. Y., in 1798; studied medicine and law, 
 commencing practice of the latter at Newburgh; 
 
 H. Doc. 458 4.3 
 
 appointed a puisne justice of the supreme court in 
 1847; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Thirty-tirst (."ongress as a Whig; defeated for 
 the Thirty-second Congress. 
 
 McKuig-ht, Robert, was born at Pittsburg, Pa., 
 in 1820; graduated from Princeton College in 1839; 
 studied law and commejiced practice in 1842 at 
 Pittsburg; city councilman 1847-1849; elected a 
 Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty- 
 sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses as a Repub- 
 lican. 
 
 McLachlan, James, of Pasadena, Cal., was 
 born in August, 1852, in Argyllshire, Scotland; at 
 the age of 3 he moved with his parents to Tomp- 
 kins County, N. Y., where he was reared on a 
 farm, and educated in the public schools; began 
 teaching in the public schools at the age of 16, 
 and while engaged in that work prepared him- 
 self for college; graduated from Hamilton Col- 
 lege, New York, in 1878; admitted to practice in 
 the supreme court of New York State in 1880, and 
 commenced the {)raetice of the law in 1881 at 
 Ithaca, N. Y., where he remained until 1888, 
 when he moved to Pasadena, Cal., and there con- 
 tinued the practice of his profession; elected on 
 the Republican ticket to the oftice of school com- 
 missioner of Tompkins County, N. Y., in 1877; 
 elected district attorney of Los Angeles County, 
 Cal., in 1890; elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress 
 as a Republican; elected to the Fifty-seventh and 
 Fifty-eighth Congresses. 
 
 McLiain, Frank Alexander, of Giloster, Miss., 
 was born January 29, 1853, and reared on a farm 
 in Amite County, Miss.; attended the common 
 schools of the county and graduated in the A. B. 
 course at the University of Mississippi in June, 
 1874; conunenced the practice of law in Liberty, 
 Miss., 1880; elected to the State legislature in 1881 
 for a term of two years; elected district attorney 
 for his judicial district in 1883, in which capacity 
 he served for three consecutive terms of four years 
 each; elected to the constitutional convention of 
 Mississippi in 1890 as floater delegate from the 
 counties of Amite and Pike; retired voluntarily 
 from the office of district attorney January 1, 1896, 
 and resumed his law practice at Gloster, Miss.; 
 elected as a Democrat, practically without opposi- 
 tion, to till out the unexpired term in the Fifty- 
 fifth Congress of AVilliam Franklin Love, who 
 died October 16, 1898; reelected to the Fifty-sixth, 
 Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses. 
 
 McLanahan, James X. , was born near Cireen- 
 castle, Pa., in 1809; graduated from Dickinson Col- 
 lege in 1826; studied law and commenced practice 
 atChandiersburg, Pa.; State senator in 1841 ; elected 
 a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty- 
 first and Thirtj'-second Congresses as a Democrat; 
 died at New York City December 16, 1861. 
 
 McLane, Louis (father of Robert M. McLane), 
 was born at Smyrna, Del., May 28, 1786; entered 
 the U. S. Navy in 1798; commenced to study law 
 in 1804; practiced in Smyrna in 1807; served in 
 the war of 1812; elected a Representative from 
 Delaware to the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Seventeenth, 
 Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses, as a Dem- 
 ocrat; elected a United States Senator from Dela- 
 ware, serving from December 3, 1827, to his 
 resignation, April 16, 1829; minister to England 
 April 18, 1829, to July 6, 1831; Secretary of the 
 Treasury August 8, 1831, to May 29, 1833; Secre- 
 tary of State IMay 29, 1833, to June 2, 1834; again 
 minister to England June 16, 1845, to August 18, 
 1846; delegate to the Jlarvland constitutional con- 
 
(i74 
 
 C< »NO RKSSI ( >N A I . I iIRKf'ToK Y . 
 
 ventioii of ISoO; ])rpfi(lont of tlii' Haltiinoro ami 
 Oliio Kailrtiad ls:!7-IH47: (li<'<l at HaltiiiMni', Mil., 
 O.tdlifi- 7, isr)7. 
 
 McLane, Robert H., waM lioniat \Vi.iiiin).'lii]i, 
 IK'\., June 2:!, ISI'i; rcccivoil a ticli()liL«tic cdiica- 
 tioii, cntiTin^j St. Mary's Colli'tfi' i'l 1H-", and the 
 ColU'm" Hdiirliun, TariiJ, in IS'Jll; ap|iiiinteil a ca- 
 det at West I'dint liy I'ri'.-^ideTit .Iack.«(in in is:i:!; 
 trrailnati-d in .luly, l,H:!7,anil comniis.sidned second 
 liiiitenant uf attillery; nerved witli hi.s re^'inient 
 dnrin^ tiie I'Inrida wars of ls:!7 to ISHS; tran.«- 
 (erred to the Corps of Topo);rapliieal KiijiineerN 
 in 18:{.S, then newly reorj;anized, in wliieh he 
 served nntil he resigned from the .\rniy in 1H4:!; 
 sttulied law dnrinj; his re.sidenie in Washin^'lim 
 in the winters of lS4i; and IS-t.S; adniitti-d to 
 the liar and moved to Baltimore, where he 
 praetiied; elected a niendier of the Maryland 
 nou.se of ilelejiates in IS-l.'i: meniher of the Thir- 
 tieth and Thirty-lii>t Conjrres.si's; Presidential 
 elector on the Pierce ticket in IS.Vi; in the subse- 
 quent vear was ajipointed coiiunissioner to China, 
 with file powei-s of a minister iilenij>otcntiary, 
 ami at the same time accredited to .lapan, Siam, 
 Korea, and Cochin China; delcfrate to the national 
 democratic convention at Cincinnati, l.S."i(); ap- 
 pointed envoy I'xtraonlinary and minister jileni- 
 potentiary to" the Kcpnlilic of .Mexico in ISfili; 
 delesrate to national democratic convention at St. 
 Louis in 1S76; in the fall of that year was elected 
 to the State senate of .Maryland; elceti'd to the 
 Forty-sixth Conjrress a-s a Democrat; reelecteil to 
 the Fortv-seventh Cont;ress; I'nited States minis- 
 ter to France; died .Vpril I'l;, ISilS. 
 
 McLaurin, Anselm Joseph, of Brandon, 
 Miss., W!is horn there .March 2(), 1H4S; moved 
 with his ]iarents the latter jiart of that year to 
 Smith County, where he was raised on a farm; 
 attendeil the nei>;hhorliood schools occasionally 
 until lli years old, when he joined the Confeder- 
 ate army and served as a private; after the war 
 attended two years at Snnnnerville institute, coni- 
 
 iiletin^ the junior year; licensed to jiractice law 
 nly .'i, 1868; elected" district attorney in 1S71 ; rei>- 
 resentative in the legislature in lS7il; Presidi'Utial 
 elector for the State at larfie in ISSS; dclefrati" to the 
 constitutional convention in ISHO; Cnited Slates 
 Senator in February. 1894; jrovernorof Mi.ssissipjii 
 in l.S',1.1, and served four years; reelected to the 
 I'nited States Senate as a l)emo<rat in January, 
 liiOO, and took his .seat March 4, 1901. 
 
 McLaurin, John Loundes, of Marllioro 
 County, S. C., was horn at Ked Bluff, that county, 
 Jlav 9, ISliO; eilucated in the vilhifie school at 
 Hennettsvilli\ l'.ethel Military Academy, near 
 Warreiiton, Va., and Swathmore Colle;;e. Phila- 
 delphia, Carolina Military Institute, and I'niversity 
 of Virfrinia; studieil law at the last-named school, 
 and admitte<l to thi' har in 188:.'; electeil to the 
 general a.ssend)lv <'i South ( 'arolina in 1S9II; elected 
 attorncy-freneral of that State the follow inj; year; 
 elected tothe Fifty-second Conjrre.ss as a Democrat, 
 to fill the vacancy caused hy thedeath of Hon. F,li 
 T. Stackhouse, an<l took his seat Decemhi'r 5. 189:J; 
 reelected to the Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, and 
 Fifty-tifth Conpres,ses as a Democrat; appointeil a 
 I'nited States Senator May L'7, 1897, hy (iovernor 
 EUerbe, of South Carolina, to till the vacancv 
 caused l)y theileath of .loseph II. I^arli', and took 
 his seat .iune 1, 1897, nominatid at a Democratic 
 primary, reeeivin^r a majority in 41 of the 4.') coun- 
 ties of the State; the legislature ratified the action 
 of the primaries bv eleetinn hiiii Senator to till the 
 unexpired term wiiicli ended March 3, 19(1;{; sworn 
 in January .Jl, 1S98. 
 
 McLean, Alney, was born in Burke Cruinty, 
 .N". C., September 5, 1779; studied anil prailiceil 
 law; a Stall' npreseiitative; served in the war of 
 18lL'; elected a Representative from Kentucky to 
 the Fourteenth and Sixteenth Connresses; circuit 
 juil);e from 1821 to his death. 
 
 McLean, Finis E., was a native of Kentucky; 
 State representative from I'.lkton; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Kentucky to the Thirty-tirst 
 Congress aH a Whii;. 
 
 McLean, James H., of St. Louis, Mo., was 
 horn in Scotland, .Vu^'ust l.'i, 1829; reared in Nova 
 Scotia, and moved to the I'liitid States at the aire 
 of Ki; studied medicine and Mir^ery at St. i.nuis, 
 and after having firaduateil jiracticed there; an 
 eiiernetic business man; elected to the Forty- 
 seventh Congress as a Republican, from a Demo- 
 cratic district, to till the vacancy created by the 
 death of Thomas Allen, Democrat. 
 
 McLean, John, was born in Morris County, 
 N. J., March 11. 178.5; moveil to Morgantown, Va., 
 in 1789, to Nicholasville, Ky., in 1790. to Mayslide, 
 Ky., in 179;{, and to l^-banon, Ohio, in 1797; at- 
 tended the common schools; studied law at Cin- 
 cinnati, commencing j)ractice at Lebanon in 1807; 
 elected a Rejircsentative from Ohio to the Thir- 
 teenth and Fourteenth Congre.sses as a War Demo- 
 crat, serving nntil his resignation in 181l>; ehcted 
 State supreme court judge in 1817; ap]iointeil Com- 
 missioner of the I'nited States (ieiieral Land ( tttice 
 September 11. 1822; Postmaster-Cieneral Decem- 
 ber 9, 182.S, to March 7, 1829; justice of the I'nitefl 
 States Su|ireine Court March 7, 1829, until his 
 death, at Cincinnati, Ohio, April 4, 18()1. 
 
 McLean, John, was born in North Carolina in 
 1791; received an academic education; moved to 
 Illinois and studied law; commenced jiractice at 
 Shawneetown; State representative and speaker of 
 the house; elected a Representative from Illinois 
 to the Thirtei'iith Congress; a I'nited States .S-na- 
 tor (vice Ninian ICd wards, resigned) December 20, 
 1824, to Mardi 8, 1825; again Senator from Decem- 
 ber 7, 1829, to his death, October 14. 18:{(l, at 
 Shawneetow n. 
 
 McLean, Samuel, was elected a Delegate from 
 Miiiitaua Territory to the Thirty-eighth and 
 Thirty-ninth Congreascs as a Democrat. 
 
 McLean, William ( brother of John McLean), 
 was born in Morris County, N. J.; attended the 
 public schools; moved to Ohio; appointed re- 
 ceiver of public moneys at Piipia, Ohio; elected a 
 Representative from Ohio to the Kighteeiith, 
 Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congre.s.ses; died at 
 Cincinnati, Ohio, October 12, 18:)9. 
 
 McLean, William P., was born in Hinds 
 Conntv, ^Ii.«s., August 9, 183t); moved to Marshall. 
 Tex., ill 18.S9; graduated from the Fniversity of 
 Nortli Carolina in 18.i7. and studied law; served in 
 the Confederate army throughout the i-ivil war; 
 member of the Texas legislature in l8til and 18(>9; 
 elected a Ke|iresentative from Texas to the Furty- 
 third Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 McLene, Jeremiah, was horn in 1707; receivetl 
 a limited education; moved to Columbus, Ohio; 
 secretary of the State of Ohio for several years; 
 elected a Re]ire,-<entative from Ohioto ihcTweiity- 
 third and Twentv-fourth Congre.-ses as a Demo- 
 crat: died at \Va.-;iiington. D. C, March 19. 18:{7. 
 
 McMahon, John A., of Davton, Ohio, was 
 born in Frederick County, Md.. F'ebruary 19, 183:t; 
 educated at Saint Xavier's College, Cincinnati, 
 
lUOURAPHIES. 
 
 675 
 
 graduating in lcS49; Vtegan the study of law in Jan- 
 uary, 1S51, at Dayton; admitted to the bar in June, 
 1854, and practieed at Dayton; a delegate at large 
 to the national Democratic convention at Balti- 
 more in 187;?; elected to the Forty-fourth, Forty- 
 liftli, and Forty-sixth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 McManus, William, was a native of Rensselaer 
 County, N. Y.; elected a Representative from that 
 State to the Nineteenth Congress; died at Trov, 
 N. Y. 
 
 McMillan, Garrett, was elected a Representa- 
 tive from Georgia to the Forty-fourth Congress as 
 a Democrat, but died before Congress met. 
 
 McMillan, James, was born at Hamilton, On- 
 tario, May 11', ]8.'3H; prepared for college, but in 
 1855 moved to Detroit, where he entered upon a 
 business lite; with others establi.^hed the Michigan 
 CarCompanyin 1863, of which enterprise, with its 
 various liranches, he was the president; member of 
 the Republican State centrat committee in 1876, 
 and on the death of Zachariali Chandler made 
 chairman; again in 18S6 and isyo elected chair- 
 man of the committee; for three years was presi- 
 dent of the Detroit board of jxirk commissioners 
 and for four }-ears a member of the Detroit board 
 of estiiuates; a Republican Presidential elector in 
 1884; received the unanimous nomination of the 
 Republican members of the legislature and elected 
 to the United States Senate to succeed Thomas 
 Witherell Palmer, and took his seat March 3, 1889; 
 reelected in 1895 and 1901, serving until his death, 
 August 10, 1902, at .Alanchester, Mas.-. 
 
 McMillan, Samuel J. R. , was born at Browns- 
 ville, Pa., February 22, 1826; received a classical 
 education, grailuating from Duquesne College, 
 Pittsburg, in 1846; studied lav.-; admitted to the 
 bar in 1849, and commenced practice at Stillwater, 
 Minn., in 1852; elected judge of the first judicial 
 circuit in 1857; appointed associate justice of the 
 State supreme court in 1864 to till a vacancy; 
 elected and reelected, and resigned in 1874;'aji- 
 pointed in 1874 and afterwards reelected chief jus- 
 tice of the State supreme court, and resigned when 
 elected to the United States Senate as a Republi- 
 can, to succeed Alexander Ramsey, Republican; 
 took his seat March 4, 1875; reelected in 1881, 
 serving until ;\Iarch '■', 1887; died in October, 1897. 
 
 McMillan, William, was born in Virginia in 
 1760; graduated from AVilliam and ]\Iary College; 
 studied and practiced law; moved to Fort Wash- 
 ington (now Cincinnati, Ohio) inl787; held several 
 local offices; elected to the Territorial legislature 
 in 1799; elected a Delegate from the Northwest 
 Territory to the Sixth Congress (vice William 
 Henrv Harrison, resigned), serving from Novem- 
 ber 24, 1800, to ]\Iarch 3, 1801; United States dis- 
 trict attorney for Ohio for a short time; died near 
 Cincinnati, Ohio, in .Tune, 1804. 
 
 McMillin, Benton, of Carthage, Tenn., was 
 born in 'Monroe County, Ky., September 11, 1845; 
 educated at Phylomath Academy, Tennessee, and 
 Kentucky University, at Lexington; studied law, 
 and admitted to the bar; commenced practice at Ce- 
 lina, Tenn., in 1871 ; elected a memberof the house 
 of reiiresentatives of the Tennessee legislature in 
 November, 1874, and served out his term; commis- 
 sioned by the governor to treat with the State of 
 Kentucky for the purchase of territory in 1875; 
 chosen elector on the Tilden and Hendricks ticket 
 in 1876; commissioned by thegovernor special judge 
 ofthecircuitcourtinl877; elected to the Forty-sixth 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the Forty- 
 seventh, Forty-eighth, F'orty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fiftv- 
 
 tirst. Fifty -second, Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, and 
 Fifty-tifth Congresses; resigned January 16, 1899, 
 having been elected governor of Tennessee; re- 
 elected governor in 1900. 
 
 McMullen, Fayette, was a native of Virginia; 
 received an academic education; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Virginia to the Thirty-first, Thirty- 
 second, Thirty-third, and Thirty-fourth Congresses 
 as a Democrat; governor of Washington Territory 
 1857-1861; elected a representative from Virginia 
 to the Second Confederate Congress, serving to the 
 end of the Confederacy. 
 
 McNagny, William F. , of Columbia City, Ind. , 
 was born in Summit County, Ohio, April 19, 1850; 
 moved in early life to Whitley County, Ind.; had 
 a common school education; taught school and 
 worked on farm for six years; employed four years 
 as station agent for Pennsylvania Company'; ad- 
 mitted to the bar in 1873 and settled at C'olumbia 
 City ; elected to the Fifty-third Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; after leaving Congress resumed the jiractice 
 of law at Columbia City, Ind. 
 
 McNair, John, of Norristown, Pa., was born in 
 that State in 1800; elected a Repre.sentative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Thirty-second and Thirty-thinl 
 Congresses as a Democrat; died at Evansport, \'a., 
 August 7, 1861. 
 
 McNeely, Thompson W., was born at Jack- 
 sonville, 111., October 5, 1835; graduated from 
 Lombard University in 1856 and from the Law 
 University of Louisville, Ky., in 1859; mendier 
 of tlie Illinois constitutional convention in 1862; 
 elected a Representative from Illinois to the Forty- 
 first and Forty-second Congresses as a Democrat.' 
 
 McNeill, Archibald, was a native of Cumber- 
 land County, N. ('.; State representative 1808-9, 
 and State senator 1811-1815; elected a Represent- 
 ative from North Carolina to the Seventeenth and 
 Nineteenth Congre.sses. 
 
 McNulta, John, was born at New York City 
 November 9, 1837; received an academic educa- 
 tion; after visiting the West India Islands and 
 Europe, moved to Attica, Ind., in 1853, and from 
 there to Blooniington, 111., in 1859; engaged in the 
 manufacture of cigars and the study of law; served 
 in the Union Army from jjrivate, in April, 1861, 
 to lirigadier-generai, by brevet, at its close; com- 
 menced law practice in Octolier, 1865, at Blooni- 
 ington; State senator 1869-1873; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Illinois to the Forty-third Congress 
 as a Republican; defeated for the Forty-fourth 
 Congress; died February 2, 1900. 
 
 McPherson, Edward, was born at Gettysburg, 
 Pa., July 31, 1830; graduated from Pennsylvania 
 College in 1848; studied law; edited a paper at 
 Harrisburg, Pa., and engaged in farming; elected 
 a Representative from I'ennsylvania to theThirty- 
 sixtli and Thirty-seventh Congresses as a Repub- 
 lican; defeated for the Thirty-eighth Congress; ap- 
 pointed deputy conmiissioner ot internal revenue 
 in 1863; elected Clerk of the National Hou.-e of 
 Representatives in the Thirty-eighth, Thirty- 
 ninth, Fortieth. Forty-first, Forty-second, Fort)- 
 third. Forty-seventh, and Fifty-first Congresses; 
 jiresident of the national Republican convention 
 of 1876; chief of the Bureau of Engraving and 
 Printing 1877-78; editor of the Philadelphia Press 
 1877-1880; editor and proprietor of a paper at 
 Gettysburg 1880-1895; editor of the New York 
 Tribune Almanac 1877-1895; American editor of 
 the Almanach de Gotha; published the Political 
 History of the United States during the Great Re- 
 
G76 
 
 CONORESSIo.NAI, DIRKCTORY. 
 
 Wlioii; iniblished the I'nliti.nl History ui the 
 I'liitiMl Slute.s (.luring' till' IViind uf Hccdnr^tnictiipii; 
 ]Mililislic<l iuiini.Ti>iiM iKiliticiil os>!iyH, <irati<ins, 
 liaiii|ilili'tM, etc. ; rfccivcil an lA^. I>. from tlie Ini- 
 verf^itvof IViinsvlvaiiia In 1877; diedatGottvfburg, 
 I'a., iVceinl it U, ISilo. 
 
 McFherson, John Rhoderic, yean lx>ni at 
 York, Livinfr>'ton t'ouiity, \. Y., May 9, 1S:«; rc- 
 coiveil a coinmoii t^rliool ainl acailitnio education; 
 iiiovt'il to JiTscy City, N. J., in l,s,')!»; fanner ami 
 ilwdiT in livi'sitock; electoila nicnihcr of flio hoard 
 of aldi'niR'n of JiTfey City in KS(>4, and lu'ld that 
 ollice for six years, serving for three years as presi- 
 dent of the Iniard; [)resident of the People's (ias 
 Light CoMii)any dnrnig the years IHliS-()9; eleeteii 
 president of the Central Stock Yard and Transit 
 C()ni])any in 1S7H; niciulier of the State senate of 
 New .lersev 1S71-1S7:!; I'resiilential elector on the 
 Tilden anil Hendricks ticket in KS7li; elected to the 
 I'liiteil States Senate as a Democrat, to succeed 
 F. T. Frelinghuysen, Keimblican, and took liis 
 seat JIarch 5, 1,S77; reelected in ISs;? and ]S,S9, and 
 served imtil March 3, 1895; died October 8, 1897. 
 
 McPherson, Smith, of Ked Oak, Montgomery 
 County, Inwa, was born near Mouresville, Morgan 
 County, Jnd., February 14, 1848; received a com- 
 mon school an<l academic education; worked on a 
 farm until he attaine<l his majority; attended law 
 school at Iowa Slate Cniversity, at Iowa City, from 
 which hegra<luatedin June, 1870; attorney-general 
 of Iowa .lanuary, 1881, to January, 18S."); elei'ted 
 to the Fifty-sixth Congress; re-signeil .JuneG, 1900. 
 
 McQueen, John, wa.s bom in Kobinson County, 
 N.C.,iiil808; received a lilxTdl education; studied 
 law; commenced practice at Bennett.sville, S. C., 
 in 1828; served in the State militia 18.S3-18;57; 
 elected a Kepre.sentative from South Carolina to 
 the Thirtieth (vice Alexander I). Sims, deceased), 
 Thirty-tirst, Thirty-second, Thirtv-third, Thirty- 
 fourtli, Thirty-lifth, and Thirty-si'xth Congresses 
 a.-' a Democrat, serving from February 12, 1849, to 
 liis retirement, Deceml)er20, 18(50; Kepre.-'entative 
 from South Carolina to the first Confederate Con- 
 gix'ss; died at Society Hill, S. C, August 30, 18(57. 
 
 McRae, John J., was born in Wayne County, 
 Miss., about Is 10; received an acadennc education; 
 studied law and prat-ticed; State representative 
 and senator for several years; appointed a I'nited 
 States Senator from Mississippi (vice .lefferson 
 Davis, resigneil 1, as a State Kights Democrat, serv- 
 ing from l>ecend)er 19, 1851, to March 17, 18.52; 
 elected a Ke])resentative from Mississippi to the 
 Thirty-tiftli (vice John A. Quitman, decea.sed ) and 
 Thirty-sixth Congres,ses a.s a Stale Hights Demo- 
 crat, serving from December 7, 1858, until he re- 
 tired January 12, 181)1; Representative from Mis- 
 sissippi to the First Confederate Congre.ss; died at 
 Belize, British Honduras, May 30, 18»)8. 
 
 McBea, Thomas Chipman, of I'rescolt, Ark.; 
 wan born at Mount Holly, I'nion Countv, Ark., 
 December 21, 1851; received a limited eilucation 
 at the private schools at Shady Grove, Columbia 
 County, Mount Hollv, fnion County, and Falcon, 
 >"eva<la County, Ark.; in bovhooil wi)rke<l on a 
 farm, one year in a whole.sjile meri'antile estab- 
 lishment at Shreveport, Iji., and one year in a 
 retail store at Falcon, .\rk.; receiveil a full course 
 of instruction at Soiile Business College, New- 
 Orleans, Iji., in 1870; graduated in law from the 
 AVashington and I-ee l"niversitv, N'irginia, in class 
 of 1871-72; admitted to practfce in Slate circuit 
 courts in Kosston, Nevada County, .\rk., Jamiary 
 8, 1873, in the .\rkansas supreme court January 
 
 27, 187(i, and in ilie United States Supreme Court 
 January 4, 188t>; mendn-r of the State legislature 
 of Arkans;i8 in 1877, in which year the county 
 seat wa.s changi'<l, and he moved from Ho.sston to 
 i'rescolt; member of the town council of the in- 
 cor|Mjrate<i town of I'rescolt in 1879; Presidential 
 elector for Hancock an<l Knglish in 1880; chair- 
 man of the Di-mocratic Stat« convention in 1H,S4 
 and in 19(12; delegate to the national Demoi-ratii^ 
 convention in 1884; Democratic national connnit- 
 teeman for Arkansa-s I8!«)-li)()0, and Congres-sional 
 committeeman forsiiid Stale I88,H-1!(()2; elected to 
 the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fiftv-lirst, Fiftv-second, 
 Fifty-thiVil, Fifty-fourth, I'iiry-tilth, Fii'ty-si.xth, 
 and Fifty-seventh Congresses as a Democrat; vol- 
 untarily retired from Congress to resume the 
 jiractice of law. 
 
 McRoberts, Samuel, wa-s born in Illinois 
 about 1S(H); grailuateil from Transylvania Univer- 
 sity; studied law an<l commenced practice at 
 Danville; I'nited Stales attorney for Illinois; State 
 senator; elected a lulled Slates Senator from Illi- 
 nois aa a Democrat, serving from May 31, 1841, 
 until his death, at Cincinnati, Ohio, .March 27, 
 1843. 
 
 IKCcBuer, Donald C, was born in Maine in 
 182(5; received an aiademic education; move<l to 
 San Francisco, Cal.; harbor commi.ssioner at San 
 Francisco; elected a Kepre.sentative from Califor- 
 nia to tlu' Thirty-ninth Congre.ss as a l{eiiublican. 
 
 McShane, John A., of Omaha, Nebr., was born 
 at New Lexington, Perry County, Ohio, August 
 25, 18.50, and worked on a farm until 21 years of 
 age, receiving only such education as could be ob- 
 tained in the common schools; went to Wyoming 
 Territory in 1871, and employed on a lattle ranch; 
 l)ecame a cattle owner in 1873; moved to Omaha 
 in 1874, but retained his interests in Wyoming until 
 1,S83, when he merged his individual cattle inter- 
 ests in the Bay State Live Stock Company; director 
 in the First National Bank of Omaha; elected to the 
 lower house of the Slate legislature from Omaha in 
 1880fortwo years; elected totheStatesenatein 1882 
 for two years, and reelected for another term in 
 1884; eleited tolhe Fiftieth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 McSherry, James, was l)orn in Adams County, 
 Pa., in 1770; Stale representative for twenty years; 
 elected a Bepre.sentative from Pennsylvania t<^) the 
 Seventeenth Congress; died at Littlcstown, Pa., 
 February 3, 1849. 
 
 McVean, Charles, was born at Johnstown, N. 
 Y., in 1802; received an aca<leniic e<hication; 
 studied law and commenced practice at Canajo- 
 harie, N. Y.; elected a Keiiresentalive from New 
 York to the Twenty-third Congress as a Jackson 
 Democrat; moved to New York City; apiioiute<l 
 surrogate January 24, 1844; Unitetl Stales attorney 
 for the southern district of NewYork; died at New 
 York City, DecemlH-r 20, 1848. 
 
 McWillie, William, was born in Kershaw 
 District, S. ('., Novendier 17, 1795; st-rveil in the 
 war of 1812; graduated from South Carolina C'ol- 
 lege in 1817; studied law, and c(immenet-<I practic-e 
 atCamden,S. C.,in 1818; State senator 1830-1840; 
 move<l to Mississippi in Septeml>er, 1845; electi-il 
 a Ke]>re.sentalive from Mississippi to the Thirty- 
 first Congress as a Democrat; defeated for the 
 Thirty-second Congress; governor of Mi.ssissippi 
 1858-18(50; active in the supjiort of the Confed- 
 eracy; dieil at Kirkwooil, Miss., March 3, 18(59. 
 
 Macdonald, John L., of Shakopee, Minn., 
 was lK>rn in .S-otland in 18:W: when <|uite young 
 
BIOdRAPHIES. 
 
 677 
 
 moved with his parents to Xova Scotia; came 
 to the United States in 1847, and located in Pitts- 
 burg, Pa. ; moved to Minnesota in 1855, and set- 
 tled in Scott County; studied law; admitted to 
 the bar 1859; judge of the proliate court of Scott 
 County in 1860 and 1861 ; during the war of the 
 rebellion commissioned to enlist and nuister in 
 volunteers for the I'nion Army, and served in that 
 capacity; prosecuting attorney of Scott County, 
 1863-64; mayor of Shakopee; memlierof the State 
 house of representatives 1869-70, and of the State 
 senate 1871, 1873-1876; candidate of the Demo- 
 cratic party for attorney-general in 1872; elected 
 judge of the eighth judicial district of Minnesota 
 in 1876 for the term of seven years, and reelected 
 without opposition in 1883, resigning in the fall of 
 1886; elected to the Fiftieth Congress as a Dem- 
 ocrat. • 
 
 MacDougall, Clinton Dugald, was born in 
 Scotland, June 14, ISiW; emigrated to New York 
 in 1S41'; received an academic education; studied 
 law but engaged in banking 1856-1869; served 
 jjrominently in the Union Army, being brevetted 
 brigadier-general in 1864; appointed postmaster of 
 Auburn, N. Y., in 1869; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Forty-third and Forty- 
 fourth Congresses as a Repulilican; appointed 
 United States marshal of the western judicial dis- 
 trict of New York in 1877. 
 
 Mace, Daniel, was born in Pickaway County, 
 Ohio, September 5, 1811; attended the public 
 schools; studied law and commenced practice at 
 Lafayette, Ind. ; a State representative in 1836; 
 clerk of the State house of representatives in 1837; 
 United States attorney for Indiana 1849-1853; 
 elected a Representative from Indiana to the 
 Thirty-second and Thirty-third Congresses as a 
 Democrat, and to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a 
 Republican; appointed postmaster at Lafayette by 
 President Lincoln; died at Lafayette, Ind., July 
 26, 1867. 
 
 Machen, Willis B., was born in Caldwell 
 County, Ky., April 10, 1810; attended the common 
 schools; engaged in fai-ming; delegate to the con- 
 stitutional convention of 1849; a State senator in 
 1854 and a representative in 1856 and I860; elected 
 a representative from Kentucky to the first and 
 second Confederate congresses; ap])ointed a United 
 States Senator from Kentucky ( vice Garrett Davis, 
 deceased ) as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 
 1872, to March 3, 1873; died at Louisville, Kv., 
 September 28, 1893. 
 
 Machir, James, was a native of Virginia; 
 elected a Representative from Virginia to the Fifth 
 Congress; died June 25, 1827. 
 
 Mackey, Edmund W. M. , was bom at Charles- 
 ton IVIarch 8, 1846; received a classical education, 
 hut prevented by the war from entering college, 
 for which he was preparing when the war began; 
 appointed assistant assessor of internal revenue in 
 the second collection district of South Carolina 
 September 8, 1865; while occupying that position 
 studied law and subsequently admitted to the bar 
 by the supreme court of South Carolina November 
 22, 1868; took a prominent part in the work of 
 reconstruction, and elected November 19 and 20, 
 
 1867, a delegate to the State constitutional conven- 
 tion: elected sheriff of Charleston County June 2 
 and 3, 1868, for a term of four years; elected an 
 alderman of the city of Charleston in November, 
 
 1868, again in October, 1873, and reelected in 1875; 
 during 1871-72 editor and proprietor of t he t'barle.s- 
 ton Republican; elected in November, 1873, a rep- 
 
 resentative to the legislature of South Carolina; 
 elected in November, 1874, a Representative to the 
 Forty-fourth Congress; elected in November, 1876, 
 a representative to the State legislature, and upon 
 its assembling elected speaker of the house; dele- 
 gate to the national Republican convention at 
 Pliiladelphia in 1872, and also to the national Re- 
 publican convention at Chii-igo in 1880, being at 
 the latter convention chairman of the Soutli Caro- 
 lina delegation; delegate to every Republican State 
 convention in South Carolina during his life, and 
 thrice president of such conventions; chairman of 
 the Republican State executive committee; assis- 
 tant United States attorney for South Carolina 1878- 
 1881; candidate on the Republican ticket for the 
 Forty-sixth Congress, to which he claimed to have 
 been elected, but the certificate of election was 
 given by the State lioard of canvassers to AL P. 
 O'Connor, whose seat he contested without success, 
 the Committee on Elections having failed to make 
 any report in the case to the House; elected to the 
 Forty-seventh C'ongress as a Republican, receiving, 
 according to the returns made by the precinct 
 managers of the election, 18,337 votes, against 
 17,458 votes for M. P. O'Connor, Democrat, but 
 nevertheless the certificate of election was given 
 by the State board of canvassers to the latter, 
 whose right to the seat he contested, and on May 
 31, 1882, he was seated by the House; reelected to 
 the Forty -eighth Congress; died January 27, 1884. 
 
 Mackey, L. A., was born in Whitedeer Town- 
 ship, Pa., November 25, 1819; moved to Milton, 
 Pa.; graduated from Union College in 1837; studied 
 law at Dickinson College; commenced practice at 
 Lockhaven in 1855; delegate to the Whig national 
 convention of 1852 and the national Democratic 
 convention of 1872; mayor of Lockhaven in 1870; 
 elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Forty-fourth and Forty-tifth Congresses as a Dem- 
 ocrat. 
 
 Maclay , Samuel, was born at Lurgan, Pa. , June 
 7, 1741; elected a Reiire.'^entativefrom that State to 
 the Fourth Congress; elected a United States Sen- 
 ator from Pennsylvania, serving from October 17, 
 1803, until his resignation in 1808; died in North- 
 umberland County, Pa., October 5, 1811. 
 
 Maclay, William, was born at New Oarden, 
 Pa., July 20, 1737; elected a United States Senator 
 from Pennsylvania as a Democrat for the term 
 1789-1791; Presidential elector on the Jefferson 
 ticket; died April 16, 1804, at Ilarrisburg, Pa. 
 
 Maclay, William, of Pennsylvania, studied 
 and practiced law; associate judge; county com- 
 missioner; State representative; elected a Rej^re- 
 sentative from Pennsylvania to the Fourteenth 
 and Fifteenth Congresses; died January 4, 1825. 
 
 Maclay, William Bro'wn, was born at New 
 York City in 1815; graduated from t lie University 
 of New York; taught latin; studied and practiced 
 law; associate editor of the New York Quarterly 
 Review in 1836; elected a State representative in 
 1839, ]84!,andl842; elected a Representative from 
 New Ycjrk to the Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, 
 Thirtieth, Thirty-tifth, and Thirty-sixth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; died at New York Citv in 
 ]882. 
 
 Maclay, William P. , was born in lluffalo Val- 
 ley, Pa., August 23, 1774; attended the common 
 schools; State representative; elected a Represent- 
 ative from Pennsylvania to the Fourteenth (vice 
 Thomas Burnside, resigned). Fifteenth, and Six- 
 teenth Congresses as a Democrat, serving from 
 
(>(S 
 
 CONiiKKSSION Al. lilKi;( ri>KV 
 
 IVi-einber 3, 1816. to .Miinh :!, Ks-.'l; .li.-.l at Mi\- 
 n>y, I'll., S'litt'inbiT '.', IM2. 
 
 Macon, Nathaniel, wa.- luirii in Warn>ii 
 Cimiilv, N. ('., Di'ivnilHT 17, IT'iT; ]mrsiUMl cla-^isi- 
 ciil studicHuiKl atti'nili'il l*i-iiu'i-ti)n ColU'irf; sitvimI 
 in till- Ht'VDlntinnary war; Slatt" sonator 17SO-17S1' 
 anil 17t<4-S.">; icintinniiu.^lv flwli'ii a Ki'iin'scnta- 
 tivc from Nurlli Carnlina iVoni the Second to Tliir- 
 tfiMilli ( 'onurcsscs, inclusive, asa Ueniociat; serveil 
 as Sjieaker of the House of Ivcprescntalives l.SOl- 
 1SI)7; elected and reelected a ("nited States Senator 
 from North Carolina, servini; from December 1.'!, 
 ISl.T, until he resigned in ISL'S; Presiilent protem- 
 [inre of the Senate lSi')-l,SL'7; president of the State 
 constitutional convention in i83."i; Presidential 
 elector on the Democratic- ticket in ISIiti; died in 
 Wanvn County, N. C, .lune 29, 18;!7. 
 
 Macy, John B., atten<led the common schools: 
 moved to Kond du Lac, Wis.; elected a I\ei>resont- 
 ative from Wisconsin to the Thirty-tlnrd CoUfiress 
 as a Democrat; defeated for reelection to the 
 Thirty-fourth Conjrress; lost liy the burnin;; of the 
 steamer Xiaydra on I,iike .Michij;ati, Septend)er 24, 
 18.Mi. 
 
 madison, James, was born at Port Conway. 
 \:i., March Hi, 1751; ;;raduateil from Princeton 
 College in 1771; studied law and admittecl to the 
 bar; State rejiresentative in 1771), and an executive 
 iMiuncilor in 177S; Deletrate to the Continental 
 Coiiiiress I7S(V178:? and 17S()-178S, an<l to the 
 Federal constituiional convention in 1787; elected 
 a Ke|)resentative from Virjiinia to the Kirst, Sec- 
 ond, Third, and Fourth Congresses as a Democrat; 
 Secretary of State of the t'nited States 1801-1809; 
 President 1809-1817; died at Montpelier, Va., June 
 L's. is:?ti. 
 
 Maddox, John W., of Rome, (ia., was born 
 .Inne 3, 1848, in the county of Chattoo;;a, Ua.; 
 receiveil a connnon school ediuation; eidisteil 
 in the service of the Confederate States at the 
 a^re of 15, and served as a private until the end <if 
 the war between the States; read law in Snmmer- 
 ville, (ia. ; admitted to the bar at the Septem- 
 ber term, 1877, and ])racticed law there till 
 lS8ii; elected ciiimty conunissioner .lanuary, 1878; 
 eleited to the State" le^'islature October, 1,S80, and 
 ntdected in 1882; elected to represent the forty- 
 sei-ond i^enatorial district in 1884; elected judfreof 
 the su|ierior court, Rome circuit, in Novendier, 
 lS8ii. and reelecteil November. 1.S90; resijriied that 
 ollici' Se]>tember. 1. 1.S92. to a<-ccpt the Demo- 
 rratii- nomination for Coujire.'vs; elected to the 
 I'illv-third Conjrress a.s a Democrat; reelected 
 to the rifty-fourtli. Filtv-tifth. Fifty-sixth, Fifty- 
 .■ieveiith. ami Fifty-eijjhtli Conjire.'^ses. 
 
 Ifaifett, James Thompson, of Clarion, Pa., 
 was l«irn in( Marion County, mar .St rat ton vi lie. Pa., 
 February 2, 1837; received a c<innnon school anil 
 loUegiate education; after ieavinj; colli'jre in 1859, 
 went to California, where he began the study of 
 law ; retjurned to I'cnnsylvania in 1870, completed 
 his law studies in 1872. and admitted to the bar; 
 in ls7l' formed a law partnership with the late 
 .ludyi- Ku'ix. of Clarion; this partnership contin- 
 ued mitil IS.sl, when Knox was elected judtrc of 
 the eijihleenth judicial district; Hei>ublican Presi- 
 dential elector for the Twenty-lifth Congressional 
 district in 1.S80; hail the instructions of Clarion 
 County for Congrens in 1.8.S4; at the Pepublican 
 Conun-.ssional confereiu'e, helii at lirooklield in 
 .luly of that year, was a i»rominent candidate, but 
 failed to receive the nomination, principally be- 
 
 cause of his inability to Ije iirenent at the conven- 
 tion; elected to the Fiftieth CongreKs a.s a Repub- 
 lii-an; resmned thepractice of law after expiration 
 of his term in Congress. 
 
 Magee, John, was a native of New York; at- 
 tended the common schools; moved to Hath; 
 elected a Kepresentative from New York to the 
 Twentieth and Tweuty-lirst Congri'S.ses as a Jack- 
 son Democrat; died at Watkins, N. Y., .\i>ril 5, 
 l,S(i8. 
 
 Magee, John A., wa.s born at lyandisburg. Pa., 
 ( Ictober 14. 18L'7; engjiged in printing, and for a 
 numlter of years iiublished the Perry County 
 Democrat; member of the Pennsylvania legisla- 
 ture in 18ti3; delegate to the national Democratic 
 convention of 18ti8; elected a RepresenUitive from 
 Pennsylvania to tlie Forty-third Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Maginnis, Martin, of Helena, Mont., was bom 
 in Wayne County, N. Y..n.tober 27. 1840; moved 
 with his jiarents to .Minne.-ota at an early age; re- 
 ceived an academic education; student of llandine 
 I'niversity, but left to take charge of a Democratic 
 newspaper; enlisted as a private in the First 
 Minnesi>ta Volunteer Infantry April 18. 18(>1; made 
 second lieutenantafter the tirst battle of Hull Run, 
 promoted to lirst lieutenant in September, 18ti2, 
 and to captain in Julv, 18().S; served in the line of 
 his regiment in all tiie campaigns and nearly all 
 the battles of the Army of the I'otomac until Sep- 
 temljer, lsii4, when appointed major of the 
 Kleventh .Minnesota VolnntiH^rs ancl ordered to 
 join the .\rmy of the Cundierlancl, where he served 
 under command of General Thomas mi til inustere<l 
 out with his regiment in July, 1.805; moved to 
 Montana the next year; engaged in mining and 
 subseijuently in publishing and editing the Helena 
 Daily Gazette: elected to the Fortv-third, Fortv- 
 fourth, Forty-tifth, Forty-sixth, Vorty-seventh, 
 anil Forty-eighth Congresses as> a Democrat. 
 
 Magner, Thomas F., of Brooklyn, N. Y.,was 
 born there .March s, lsi;0; educated in the imiilic 
 schools of Brooklyn ami at Columbia College; 
 taught in a public school in Brooklyn while pur- 
 suing the study of law : practiceil law from 1883; 
 held no public othci' except as a member of the 
 a.ssembly one year, which ollice he held when 
 elected to the Fifty-tirst Congress as a Democrat; 
 reelected to the Fifty-.second and Fifty-third Con- 
 gresses. 
 
 Magoon, Henry S., was Imrn at Monticello, 
 Wis., .lanuary 31, 18:!l'; attended the Rock River 
 Sendnary at Mount .Morris, 111., and grailuateil 
 from the Western Military College at Drennon, 
 Ky., in 1853; studied law at the Montrose I-aw 
 School, Frankfort, Ky.; profes-sor of ancient lan- 
 guages at Niushville I'niversity 185.5-1,857; returned 
 to Wisconsin to practice law; elected district at- 
 torney in l.'<58; State senator 1871-72; elected 
 a Representative from Wisconsin to the Forty- 
 fourth Congress as a Reivublican; tirst native of 
 Wisconsin to serve in the State senate or National 
 House of Representatives; died at Darlington, 
 Wis., March 3, 1889. 
 
 Magruder, Allan B. , was born in Kentucky 
 about 1775; received an aiadendc edui'ation; 
 studied and ]>nicticed law at Ix>xington; move<l to 
 Louisiana; State representative; electi-tl a I'nited 
 States Senator from l^ouisiana as a Democrat, serv- 
 ing from NovendnT 18, 1812, to .March 3. 1813; 
 published several litenirv works; dieil at Oik-- 
 iousa.-, Ui., A|.ril Hi, 1822." 
 
BKKiRAPHIES. 
 
 (379 
 
 Magruder, Patrick, was born in Jloncgomery 
 County, Mil., in IViiS; >;railnated from J'rinceton 
 Collfj;e; studied liiwand iiracticed; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from iVIaryland to the Ninth Congress; 
 Clerk of the United States House of Representa- 
 tives and Librarian of Congress 1807-1815; died at 
 Petersburg, Va., December 24, 1819. 
 
 Mag-uire, James G. , of San Francisco, Cal., 
 T\as l)orn at Boston, Mass., February 22, 1853; 
 moved with his parents to California in April, 
 1854; educated in the jmblic schools of Watson- 
 ville, Santa Cruz County, Cal., and in the private 
 academy of Mr. Joseph K. Fallon, of that place; 
 upon leaving school served an apprenticeship of 
 four years at the trade of black.smithing; afterwards 
 taugiit school for a year and a half; elected to the 
 legislature of California in 1875, serving two years; 
 admitted to the bar Vjy the supreme court of Cali- 
 fornia in January, 1878; elected judge of the 
 superior court of the city and count}- of San Fran- 
 cisco in 1882, serving in that office for six years; 
 elected to the Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, and Fifty- 
 lifth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Mahany, Rowland Blennerhassett, of Buf- 
 falo, N. Y., was born there September 28, 1864; 
 educated in the jiublic schouls and graduated with 
 highest honors from the high .=chool in 1881; 
 appointed secretary of legation to Chile, 1890; ac- 
 credited envoy extraordinary and minister pleni- 
 potentiary to Ecuador 1892; nominate'! for Con- 
 gress 1892; ran ahead of the ticket and cut down 
 the Democratic majority overt, 000 votes; returned 
 to Ecuador in 1893, and concludeil theSantos treaty, 
 negotiations for which had remained unsettled for 
 nearly ten years; renominated in 1894 and elected 
 to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a Republican; re- 
 elected to the Fifty-fifth Congress; resumed the 
 practice of law at Buffalo, N. Y. 
 
 Mahon, Thaddeus Maclay, of Chambersburg, 
 Pa., was born at Greenvillage, Franklin County, 
 Pa., in 1840; received a common school and aca- 
 demic education; enlisted as a private in Company 
 A, One hundred and twenty-sixth Pennsylvania 
 Volunteers in August, 1862; after term of service 
 in this regiment reenlisted as a veteran in Janu- 
 ary, 1864, in Twenty-first Pennsylvania Cavalry; 
 served until September, 1865; participated in 
 many of the engagements with Army of the Poto- 
 mac, Fifth Corps; seriously wounded at Boydton 
 Plank Road, Virginia, on November 4, 1864; read 
 law, and admitted to practice in 1871; actively 
 engaged in his profession in southern Pennsylvania; 
 member of Pennsylvania legislature in 1870 and 
 1871; served as chairman of general judiciary com- 
 mittee; president of Baltimore and Cumberland 
 Valle}' Railroad, president of St. Thomas Bank, 
 member of tlie commission having charge of the 
 soldiers' orphan schools of Pennsylvania; candidate 
 for Congress in the Eighteenth district in 1S76, and 
 defeated by Hon. W.' S. Stenger (who received 
 the support of the Greenbackers) by the small 
 majority of 49; always a Republican and always 
 took an active part in State and national politics; 
 elected to the Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, 
 Fifty -sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Con- 
 gresses as a Republican. 
 
 Mahone, William, was born at Southampton, 
 Va., December 1, bS26; graduated from the Vir- 
 ginia Military Institute in 1847; became a civil 
 engineer, and constructor of the Norfolk and Peters- 
 burg Railroad; embarked in tlie secession move- 
 ment in 1861, and took part in the capture of the 
 Norfolk navy-yard; raised and commanded the 
 Sixth Virginia Regiment, and was with it in most 
 
 of the battles of tlie peninsular campaign, those on 
 the Rappahannock, and those around Petersburg; 
 made both brigadier-general and major-general in 
 1864, and afterwards commanded a corps in Hill's 
 division; at the clo.se of the war returned to rail- 
 road engineering, and in a few years liecame [presi- 
 dent of a trunk line from Norfolk into Tennessee; 
 elected to the United States Senate as a Readjuster, 
 in the place of Ri iliert K. Withers, Democrat, and 
 took his .seat March 4, 1881, serving until ilarch 3, 
 1887; died in 1895. 
 
 Mahoney, Peter P., of Brooklyn, N. Y., was 
 liorn at the city of New Y'ork, June 25, 1848; edu- 
 cated in the grammar schools of New York City; 
 engaged in the dry goods business for several years; 
 never held any public office; elected to the Forty- 
 ninth and Fiftieth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Mahoney, William. Frank, of Chicago, 111., 
 was born at Chicago, 111., February 22, 1836; edu- 
 cated in the public schools; engaged in the whole- 
 sale tra<le; served twelve years in the Chicago com- 
 mon council; elected totheFifty-seventhand Fifty- 
 eighth C(.ingresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Maish, Levi, was born in Conewago Town- 
 ship, Y'ork County, Pa., November 22, 1837; edu- 
 cated in common schools and subsequently at 
 the Y'ork County Academy, working on a farm 
 when not at his studies; apprenticed in 1854 to 
 a machinist and remained with him two years: 
 recruited a company for the Union Army in 
 1862, and with it joined the One hundred and 
 thirtieth Pennsylvania Infantry, of which he was 
 soon promoted to lieutenant-colonel; wounded at 
 the battle of Antietam; promoted colonel after the 
 battle of Freilericksburg; again wounded while 
 leading his regiment at the battle of Chancellors- 
 ville; after having lieen nnistered out with his 
 regiment at the expiration of its term of service, 
 attended lectures in the law department of the 
 University of Pennsylvania, and admitted to the 
 bar in 1864; member of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives in 1867 and 1868; appointed by the 
 legislature in 1872 one of a commission to reexam- 
 ine and reaudit the accounts of certain public 
 officers of Y'ork Count v; elected to the Forty- 
 fourth, Fnrty-fifth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-fir.'^t Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; after leaving Congress, 
 located in Washington, I). C, where he engaged in 
 the practice of law; dieil in 1899. 
 
 Majors, Thomas J., of Peru, Nebr., was born 
 in Jefferson County, Iowa, June 25, 1841; educated 
 in the common and select schools of his native 
 place and the Nebraska State Normal School; 
 went to Nebraska in 1860; engaged in mercantile 
 pursuits before and after the war; large land- 
 owner and farmer; entered the Union Army in 
 June, 1861, as first lieutenant Company C, First 
 Nebraska Infantry, and served successively as cap- 
 tain, major, and leutenant-colonel of that regi- 
 ment; his regiment, while on veteran leave in 
 1864, was ordered on the Plains to aid in sup- 
 pressing Indian outbreaks, where he served with 
 it until mustered out June 15, 1866; member of 
 the last Territorial council of Nebraska; elected 
 and served as a member of the first State senate; 
 reelected to the .same position and served until 
 appointed assessor of internal revenue for the dis- 
 trict of Nebraska in 1869, which office he held 
 until by act of Congress the office of collector and 
 assessor was merged into one; elected contingent 
 (or additional) member to the Forty-fifth Con- 
 gress; elected a Representative to the Forty-fifth 
 Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death 
 of Hon. Frank Welch; reelected a contingent (or 
 
680 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 ailditionan iiieinlKT nt' tlic Kurty-sixtli Coiijjrtv.i 
 as a Ropiililican. 
 
 Malbone, Francis, was l)om at Newport, R. I. , 
 
 in 1757; eli'i-tc(l n Ki'proseiifalivo frDiu Rhode 
 Island to the Third and Fourth Congresses as a 
 Ke<lenilist; elect»'(l a Vnited States Senator for 
 the term ISOVI-l.Hirr, took liis seat May --. and 
 died at Washint'ton, li. ('., June 4, 1809! 
 
 Hallary, Rollin C, was l)orii at Cheshire, 
 Conn., May '^~, 1784; (.'raduateil from Middlehury 
 Collejie in 1805; moved to I'oultney, Vt.; eleeted 
 a Representative from \'errnont to tlie Sixteenth 
 Congress (snceessfuUy eontestin'; the returned 
 election of O. C. Merrill), takinj; the seat .lanuary 
 14, 1820; reelected to the Seventeenth, Ei;;litcenth, 
 Nineteentli, Twentieth, and Twentv-first Con- 
 gress<'s; died at Haltinior<>, Md., Ai)rii 1(!, ls:!l. 
 
 Mallory, Francis, was a native of Vir^jinia; 
 attended the common seliools; located at Hamp- 
 ton; elected a Representative from Virf^inia to the 
 Twenty-lifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh 
 Congresses as a Whij;; apiminted navy agent at 
 Norfolk Novemlier 1, 1850; died at Norfolk, \'a., 
 March 20, 18G0. 
 
 Mallory, Meredith, was a native of Connecti- 
 cut; attemled tlie cummon schools; moved to 
 Ilammondsport, N. Y.; held several local ollices; 
 elected a Representative from New Y'ork to the 
 Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Mallory, Robert, was Imrn in Madison County, 
 Va., November 15, 1815; graduated from the Uni- 
 versity of Virginia in 1827; engaged in farnung at 
 Lagrange, Ky.; elected a Representative from 
 Kentucky to the Thirt> -sixth, Thirty-.seventh, and 
 Thirty-eighth Congresses as a Union Democrat; 
 defeated for the Thirty-ninth Congress; delegate 
 to tlie national Union convention at rhiladelphia 
 in IStiti; one of the vice-presidents of the Centen- 
 nial Exhibition in 1876. 
 
 Mallory, Rufus, was l)orn at Coventrv, N. Y., 
 Jamiary 10, 18:51; received an academic education; 
 moved to Iowa in 1855, thence to Oregon in 1858; 
 studied law and commenced practice in Salein in 
 18(50; district attorney of the first judicial district 
 in 1860, and of the t"hird, lS(;2-lS(i6; State repre- 
 sentative in 18(52; elected a Representative from 
 Oregon to the Fortieth Congress as a Union Re- 
 publican. 
 
 Mallory, Stephen R. , was born at Trinidad in 
 1S13 on his father's ves.sel, sailing from Bridge- 
 port, Conn.; locati'dat Key West in 1821 ; attended 
 schools in Connecticut and New York; studied 
 law at Key West, and commenced jiractice there 
 in 18:5:5; appointe<l by President Jack.-on customs 
 inspectoral Key West; county judge of Monroe 
 County; appointed collector of the port of Key 
 West in 1845; elected and reelected a United 
 States Senator from Florida as a Democrat, serv- 
 ing from 1851 until his retirement January 21, 
 1861; secretary of the navy of tlie Confederate 
 States; at the ilose of the civil war arrested and 
 imprisoned for treason, but relea.'-ed in 1867; 
 moved to Pensacola, Fla.. where he ilieil Novem- 
 ber 0, 1S7:5. 
 
 Mallory, Stephen Russell, of I'en.'^eola. Fla., 
 was born November 2. 1848; entered Confeilerate 
 army in Virginia in the fall of l.S()4; api)ointed 
 niiilshipman in Confeilerate navy in the spring of 
 lHt)5; entered (ieorgetuwn College, District of 
 Cohmdiia. November, 1865, and graduated in June, 
 186(1; taught a class at tieorgetown College until 
 July, IH71; adiintteil to the bar by the supreme 
 
 court of Louisiana in 1872; moved to Pensacola. 
 Fla., in 1874 and began practice of law; elected to 
 lower house of the legislature in l.s7<i; electedtothe 
 senate in 18X0, and reelected in 18K4; electe<l to 
 the Fiftv-second Congre^sasa Democrat; n-i'leeteil 
 to the fifty-third Congress; elected to the United 
 States Senate for the term beginning March 4, 1897, 
 and reelected in 190:5. 
 
 Manderson, Charles F., of Omaha, Nebr., was 
 l)orn at I'liiladeljibia, Pa., February 9, 1837; edu- 
 cated in the whools and academies of his native 
 city; moved to Canton, Ohio, in 1856, where he 
 studied law; called to the bar in 18.5!»; elei-t«-<l citv 
 solicitor of tliHt city in 1860, and in April, 1861, 
 entered the Army as first lieutenant. Company .\, 
 Nineteenth Regiment Ohio Infantry; iiartici])at<ii 
 in the camiiaign under (ieneral .McClellau in West 
 Virginia in the summer of l.Siil, and afterwards in 
 the camiiaigns of the Army of the CumlH-rlaud; 
 ro.se through the grades of captain, major, 
 lieutenant-colonel, and colonel of the Nineteenth 
 Ohio Infantry, being in command of the regiment 
 from the date of the battle of Shiloh; resigned in 
 April, 1865; brevetted brigjidier-general of volun- 
 teers, U. 8. Army, in March, 1865, "for gallant, 
 l(mg-continued,and meritorious servi<-e during the 
 war of the rebellion;" continued the practice of 
 law at Canton, Ohio, being twice elected as district 
 attorney, until November, 1869, when he moved 
 to Omaha, Nebr., where he resided and prac- 
 ticed law; city attorney at Omaha for six years, 
 and in 1871 and again in 1874 elected by bofli 
 ])olitical parties as a member of the constitutional 
 ccmventiou for tho.sc years; elected to the United 
 States Senate as a Re]>ubliean. to sui-ceed .\lviii 
 Saunders, Ri'publican, and took his seal Decendver 
 :5, 188:5; reelected in 1888, serving until Mari-h :5, 
 1895; elected Presiileut pro tempore of the United 
 States Senate in 1891 to succeed J. J. Ing-alls; 
 re-signed the position of Pn>sident pro temiKjre of 
 the Senate in March, 1893, and was succeeded by 
 the Senator from Tennes.see, Mr. Harris. 
 
 Maugum, Willie Person, was born in Orange 
 County, N. C, in 1792; graduated from the Uni- 
 versityof North Carolina in 1815; studieil law and 
 commenced ])racti(e at Redmountain in 1817; 
 State representative in 181 8; twice elei'ted a superior 
 court judge; elected a Representative from North 
 Carolina to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Con- 
 gresses as a Whig, resigning March 18, 1826; elected 
 a Unite<l States i^nator, serving from 1831 until 
 his resignation in 18:156; again elected l^enator( vice 
 Bedford Brown, resigned 1, serving from December 
 9, 1,S40. to March 3, 1853; died at Redmountain. 
 N. C.. Septendier 14, 1861. 
 
 Mann, Abijah, jr., wjis born at Fairlield, Her- 
 kimerCounty, N. Y., Septemlier 24, 1793; attended 
 the common schools; engageil in mercantile pur- 
 suits; justice of the peace and ]>ostmaster; electe<I 
 State representative 1827-18:50 ami 18:57; electol a 
 Representative from New York to the Twenty- 
 third and Twenty-fourth Congres.-es as a .laikson 
 DenuKTat; moved to New York City; ilied at 
 Auburn, N. Y., September 6, 1868. 
 
 Mann, Horace, was born at Franklin, Mass., 
 ^lav 4, 1796; gr.uUiateil from Brown Uinversitv in 
 1819; tutored there 1819-1821; studied law" at 
 Litchfield, Conn.; commenced practiceat De<lham, 
 Mass., in 182(5; State re|.n-,sentative 1828-18.51; 
 commissioner for the revision of the Ma.^.-aehusetts 
 statutes in 18.35; moved to Boston in 18.5t>; presi- 
 dent of f he .^tate senate 18:5(5-1.8:58; g»>cretary of the 
 State boanh.f education l.'<:57-1848; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Ma.s,«achusetts t^i the Thirtieth 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 681 
 
 Congress (vice John Quincy Adams, deceased) as 
 a Whig; reelected to the Thirty-tirst and Thirty- 
 seconi.1 Congresses as a Free Soiler, serving from 
 April 13, 1S48, to March 3, 1853; defeated aa the 
 Free Soil candidate for governor in 1852; president 
 of Antioch College, Ohio, 1853 until his death, 
 August 2, 1859, at Yellowsprings, Ohio. 
 
 Hann, James, was born at Gorham, Me., in 
 1822; State senator; county treasurer; custom- 
 house othcer at Portland; served in the Union 
 Army; appointed by President Lincoln Treasury 
 agent for Louisiana; elected a Representative from 
 Louisiana to the Fortieth Congress as a Democrat, 
 serving from July 18, 1868, to his death, August 26, 
 1868, at New Orleans, La. 
 
 Mann, James K. , of Chicago, was born near 
 Bloomingt..n, III., October 20, 1856; his father 
 was William H. Jlann, a native of Kentucky, and 
 his mother Elizalieth ]>abney Abraham-Mann, a 
 native of Virginia; educated in the public schools; 
 graduated from the University of Illinois in 1876; 
 valedictorian of his class; received the degree of 
 master of arts; entereil the Union College of Law 
 of Chicago in 1879 and graduated in 1881; in his 
 junior year received the faculty prize for best 
 scholarship; in his senior year received prize of 
 ?100 for best thesis, faculty prize of 650 for best 
 scholarship, and elected valedictorian of his class; 
 member of the law firm of Mann & Miller, of 
 Chicago; member of the Oakland board of educa- 
 tion in Chicago; attorney for Hyde I'ark and the 
 South Park conunissioners of Chicago; secretary of 
 the citizens' association which secured the adop- 
 tion of Jackson Park as the site for the World's 
 Fair in Chicago; master in chancery of the supe- 
 rior court of Cook County; member of the city 
 council of Chicago 1892-1896, and recognized as 
 the lighting leader of the "honest minority," and 
 through his constant and vigorous fighting helped 
 to arouse a public sentiment which caused a re- 
 generation of the council and the election of an 
 "honest majority;" author of the low-level sewer 
 system in Chicago; chairman of the Illinois State 
 Republican convention in 1894, and chairman of 
 the Republican county convention in Chicago in 
 1895 and again in 1902; elected to the Fifty-tifth, 
 Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Con- 
 gresses as a Republican. 
 
 Mann, Job, was born at Bethel, Pa., March 31, 
 1795; attended the common schools; held several 
 local offices of Bedford County 1816-1835; elected 
 a Representative from Pennsylvania to theTwenty- 
 fourth. Thirtieth, and Thirty-tirst Congresses as a 
 Democrat; admitted to the bar in 1839; State 
 treasurer 1842-1848. 
 
 Mann, JoelK., was born in Pennsylvania in 
 1780; attended the common si'hools; located at 
 Jenkintown; elected a Representative from Penn- 
 sylvania to the Twenty-second and Twenty-third 
 Congresses as a Jackson Democrat; died in' Mont- 
 gomery County, Pa., September 5, 1857. 
 
 Manning, James, was born at Elizabeth, N. 
 J., October 22, 173K; graduated from Princeton 
 College in 1762; studied theology and became a 
 prominent Baptist preacher; moved to ^\arren, 
 R. 1., in 1764, taking charge of Rhode Island Col- 
 lege; moved to Providence with the college in 
 1770; Delegate from Rhode Island to the Conti- 
 nental Congress 1785-86; pa.stor of the First Bap- 
 tist Church in Providence 1770 until his resigna- 
 tion, .\pril, 1791; also resigned the college presi- 
 dencvin 1791; died at Providence, R. L, Julv 29, 
 1791. 
 
 Manning, John, jr., was born at Edenton, 
 N. C., July 3, 18.30; graduated from the University 
 of North Carolina; studied law and commenced 
 practice at Pittsboro, N. C, in 1853; delegate to 
 the constitutional convention in 1861 ; elected a 
 Representative from North Carolina to the Forty- 
 first Congress (vice John T. Deweese, resigned) 
 as a Democrat, serving from Deceuiber 7, 1870, to 
 March 3, 1871. 
 
 Manning, Richard Irvine, was born in Sum- 
 ter District, S. C., ^May 1, 1789; graduated from the 
 State college at Columbia in 1811; served as cap- 
 tain of volunteers in the war of 1812; State repre- 
 sentative 1822; governor 1824-1826; state senator; 
 elected a Representative from South Carolina to 
 the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses 
 as a Union Democrat, serving from December 8, 
 1834, until his death, at Philadelphia, Pa., Mav 1, 
 1836. 
 
 Manning, Van H., (if Holly Springs, Miss., 
 w-as born in Martin County, N. C., July 26, 1839; 
 moved to ^Mississippi in 1841; received a classical 
 education at Horn Lake Male Academy, De Soto 
 County, ^liss., and at the University of Nashville; 
 moved to .Arkansas in 1800; studied law and ad- 
 mitted to the bar; served in the Confederate army 
 as captain and subsequently as colonel of the Third 
 Arkansas Infantry and Second Arkansas Battalion 
 in General Lee's army; elected to the Forty-fifth 
 Congress and reelected to the Forty-sixth and 
 Forty-seventh Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Manson, Mahlon D. , was born at Piqua, Ohio, 
 February 20, 1820; attended the common schools; 
 became a druggist at Crawfordsville, Ind. ; State 
 representative 1851-52; served as captain of volun- 
 teers in the Mexican war; served with di.stinction 
 in the civil war, from private to brigadier-general 
 of volunteers; elected a Representati\e from In- 
 diana to the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat; 
 defeated for the Fortv-third Congress; died Feb- 
 ruary 4, 1895. 
 
 Mansur, Charles H., of Chillicothe, Mo., was 
 born at the city of Philailelphia March 6, 1835; 
 received a common school and academic educa- 
 tion; studied law, and admitted to the barat Rich- 
 inond, i\Io., .\ugust 30, 1856; moved to Chillicothe 
 in 1856 and practiced law; member of the board 
 of education of Chillicothe for eight years; mem- 
 ber of the Democratic State central committee 
 1864-1868; delegate to the national Democratic 
 convention at New York in 1868; prosecuting at- 
 torney of Livingston County 1875-1879; delegate 
 at large to the Democratic national convention at 
 Chicago in 1884; joint nominee for Congress of the 
 Democracy and I>iberal Republicans iu the Tenth 
 district in 1872, and again the nominee of the De- 
 mocracy in the same district in 1880; elected to 
 the Fiftieth Congress as a Democrat; reelected to 
 the Fiftv-first and Fifty-second Congresses; died 
 at Washington, D. C, April 16, 1895. 
 
 Mantle, Lee, of Butte, Jlont., was born in 
 England in 1851; came to the United States at 
 the age of 11 with his mother, his father being 
 dead, and went West to Utah Territory; a few 
 years later moved to Idaho, and in 1872 inoved to 
 Montana; worked on a farm until 16 years of age; 
 afterwards learned telegraphy and entered the 
 employ of the Western Union Telegraijh Com- 
 pany; remained with that company six years on 
 the old overland stage and telegraph line run- 
 ning to Montana; next moved to Butte City, 
 Mont., and entered the employ fif the Wells-Fargo 
 Express Company as agent; iii 1881 established a 
 
682 
 
 CONCJRESSIONAL DIRKCTORY. 
 
 daily new.«pa|K^r, known af tlic Inter Mountain; 
 aUlcrnian ami mayor of liin lioniocily; tliri'i' times 
 elected to the Territi>rial lejrislature of Montana, 
 the last time hein^; niailo cpeaker; first ])r('si<lent 
 of the Mineral Land Assoriation of Montana; del- 
 egate to the national Kei>uhliean convention in 
 1S84; in March, ISilL', the State lecislatnre failed 
 to elect 11 I'liiti'd Stales Senator, and he bein;; the 
 caucus nominee when the legislature adjourned, 
 the governor appointed him to till the vacancy; 
 the I'nitcd States Senate, however, decided that it 
 was the duly of the legislature to elect and that 
 the governor of aStatecouldnotlcgallyaiipcjint un- 
 der such circumstances, and he was refused a scat; 
 January Li, 1.H95, elected by the legislature to till 
 the existing vacancy, serving until March .'?, ISiW. 
 
 Manzanares, Francisco A., of Las Vegas, 
 \. Mcx., was horn at Aliic|uiu, N. Mex., January 
 '2n, 1S4.'{; his early education was in Spanish, by 
 the best teachers "then in that country; at the age 
 of 17 commenced the study <if the Knglish lan- 
 guage, and in ISti.'i-m attended the St. l.ouis Tni- 
 versitv, at St. l.ouis, Mo.; engaged in mercantile 
 pursuits from IWiti; elected to the Forty-eighth 
 Congre.ss as a Democrat; his opponent received 
 the certificate of election, but the House t'ommit- 
 tee on Klections reported that he had received 
 13,376 votes against 1L',L'S7 votes for TraiKpiilino 
 Luna, Republican, and the House unanimously 
 gave liim the seat March o, 1884. 
 
 Marable, John H. , was a native of Brunswick 
 County, Va.; received an academic education; 
 moved to Yellow Creek, Tenn.; elected a Ke[)re- 
 sentative from Tennessee to the Nineteenth and 
 Twentieth Congresses; defeated for the Twenty- 
 first Congress. 
 
 Marchand, Albert G. , was a native of Greens- 
 liurg, I'a.; attended the commnn schools; elected 
 aRepre.sentativefrom Pennsylvania tothcTwt-nty- 
 sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses as a Demo- 
 crat; died at (ire'ensburg, Pa., February 5, 1848. 
 
 Harchand, David, wa.s a native of Westinore- 
 land County, Pa.; attended the common schools; 
 elected a Kepresentative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses. 
 
 Marchant, Henry, was born at Marthas Vine- 
 yard, ^Ia.ss., April ii, 1741; grailuated from Phila- 
 delphia College in 17t)'-'; studieil law at Cambridge, 
 IMass. ; commenced practice at Newport, K. 1.; 
 attorney-general of Rhode Islan<l 1771-1 777; jiromi- 
 nent in ante-Revolutionary events; Delegate from 
 Rhode Island to the Continental Congress 1777- 
 1780 and 17S;5-S4 and to the State convention for 
 the adoption of the Fe<leral Constitution; I'nited 
 States di.strict judge for Rhode Island 1790-17yti; 
 died at Newport, R. I., August 30, 1790. 
 
 Marcy, Daniel, was born in New Hampshire 
 NovendMr7. ISOil; attended the common schools; 
 followed the sea and later engaged in shijibuild- 
 ing; Slate representative lS.")3-o4, and senator 
 1850-O7; elected a Hepre.-'entative from .New 
 Hampshire to the Thirty-eighth Congress as a 
 Democrat; defeated for theTliirty-ninth Congress; 
 again State representative and State senator. 
 
 Marcy, William Learned, wa.« born at South- 
 bridge. Mass., DecemlH'r !'_', 17S(i; graduated from 
 Brown Iniversity in ISOS; Uuight school at New- 
 port R. I.; studie<l law, commencing jiractice at 
 Trov, N. Y., in IHIO; H<-rved in the war of 1812; 
 recorder of Troy in 1816; e<lited the Troy Budget; 
 adjutant-general of New York in 1821; Slate 
 (oniptroller in 1823; associate justice of tin- State 
 
 supreme court in 1829; elected a United States 
 Senator from New York as a Jackson Democrat, 
 serving from Dei-eniber ."i, 1831, to his resignation 
 in July, ls:{2; governor of New York 183:^-1839; 
 conunissioner on Mexican claims 18,39-1842; Sec- 
 retarv <if AVar >tarch 5, 184.5, to March 3, 1849; 
 Seiri'tarv of State March 7, 1853, to March 4, 1857; 
 died at i'.allston Spa, N. Y., July 4, 1857. 
 
 Mardis, Samuel W., was born in Alabama in 
 ISOI; receivi'd an academic education; elected a 
 Reprc-^entativc from Alabama to the Twenty- 
 .second and Twenty-third Congresses as a Demo- 
 crat; died at Talladega, Ala., December 2, 1836. 
 
 Marion, Robert, was a native of South Caro- 
 lina; rcieived an academic (-(lucation; elected a 
 Re|iresenlative from South Carolina to the Ninth, 
 Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses, resigning Decem- 
 ber 4, 1811. 
 
 Markell, Jacob, was born in Schenectady 
 
 (;ounly, N. Y., May 8, 1770; attended the common 
 schools; engaged in farming at Jlanheim, N. Y.; 
 supervisor and county judge for several years; 
 elected a Representative from New York as a Fed- 
 eralist to the Thirteenth Congress; State represent- 
 ative in 1820; died at Manheim, N. Y., Novem- 
 ber 26, 1852. 
 
 Markell, Henry, was a native of Montgomery 
 Countv, N. Y.; attended the common schools; 
 electee! a Representative from New York to the 
 Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses as an Adams 
 Democrat; died at Palatine, N. Y. 
 
 Markham, Henry H., of Pa.sadcna, Cal., was 
 bornal Wilmington, Kssex County, N. Y., Novera-_ 
 her 1<>, 1S40; received an academic e<lucation; 
 served in the I'nion Army from Wisconsin, and 
 discharged in June, 18(i.T; practiced law in Mil- 
 waukee, Wis.; moved to Pasadena, Los Angeles 
 Countj, Cal., in 1879; elected a Representative 
 from California to the Forty-ninth Congress as a 
 Rejiublican; elected governor of California in 1895. 
 
 Markley, Philip S., was a native of Montgom- 
 erv County, Pa.; received an academic education; 
 located at" Norristown; elected a Repre,sentative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Eighteenth anil Nine- 
 teenth Congre.s.ses as a Democrat: defeated for the 
 Twentieth Congress; appointed naval officer of 
 Philadeliihia by President Jackson. 
 
 Marks, William, was l>orn in Chester County, 
 Pa., October 13, 1778; settled at Beaver, Pa.; re- 
 ceiveil a limited education; State representative 
 1810-1819, and State .senator 1820-1827; electe<l a 
 United States Senator from Pennsylvania as a 
 Democrat for the term 1827-1833; died at Beaver, 
 Pa., April 10, 1858. 
 
 Marquette, Turner M. , was a native of Ohio; 
 receivcil a ila.ssical education; studied law and 
 couunenci'd jiractii'e at Plattsmouth, Nebr., in 
 18.56; aTerritorial representative lorst-veral years; 
 elected a Kepresentative from Nebraska to the 
 Thirtv-ninth Congre.-^s as a Republican, serving 
 i from iMarch 2-3, 1867, one dav. 
 
 Marr, Alem, was a native of Pennsylvania; 
 graduated from Princeton College in 1807; hx-atiMl 
 at Danville; eleileil a Pcpresentative from Penn- 
 sylvania to the Twenty-lirst Congress as a Jackson 
 l')emoerat. 
 
 Marr, George W. L., attended the common 
 schools; was elecU'd a Representative from Ten- 
 nessee to ilie Fifteenth CVnigress. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 683 
 
 Marsh, Benjamin F. , of AVarsaw, 111., was born 
 in Wythe TdWDship, in Hancock County, III.; 
 reared on his father's farm; educated in private 
 school.? until 1-t years old; sent to Jubilee College 
 and entered upon a classical course; lacking one 
 year of graduating, entered the law ofHce of his 
 brother at Warsaw; admitted to the bar in 1860; 
 enlisted as a private in the Sixteenth Illinois In- 
 fantry Volunteers; served in .«aid regiment in 
 northern Missouri; recruited a company of cav- 
 alry, commissioned captain, and assigned to the 
 Second Kegiment Illinois Cavalry; eommissioned 
 colonel of this regiment and served continuously 
 until January, 1866; returning to Warsaw resumed 
 the practice of law until 1877; the Republican can- 
 didate for the constitutional convention in 1869; 
 elected to the Forty-fifth Congress from the then 
 Tenth district, and reelei'ted to the Forty-sixth and 
 Forty-seventh Congresses; returning home in 18813, 
 at the expiration of his term in Congress, engaged 
 in general farming and st(_ick raising; in the spring 
 of 1889 appointed by Go\ernor Oglesl>y railroad 
 and warehouse commissioner, and held the same 
 four years; delegate to the Bepublican national 
 convention in 1888; elected to the Fiftv-third, 
 Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, anil Fifty- 
 eighth Congresses as a Kepublican. 
 
 Marsh, Charles, was born at Lebanon, Conn., 
 July 10, 1765; moved to Vermont; graduated from 
 Dartmouth College in 1786; studied law, com- 
 mencing practice at Woodstock, Vt. ; elected a 
 Representative from Vermont to the Fourteenth 
 Congress as a Federahst; died at Woodstock, Vt., 
 January 11, 1849. 
 
 Marsh, George Perkins, was born at Wood- 
 stock, Vt., March 1.5, ISOl; graduated from Dart- 
 mouth College in 1820; studied law, commencing 
 practice at Burlington, \'t. ; member of the State 
 legislature in 18.35; elected a Representative from 
 Vermont to the Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, 
 Thirtieth, and Thirty-first Congresses as a Whig, 
 but resigned in 1849; minister resident to Turkey 
 1849-1853; charged with a special mission toGreece 
 in 18.52; fish commissioner of Vermont in 1857and 
 railroad commissioner 1857-1859; received an 
 LL. D. from Dartmoutli College in 1860; appointed 
 en\-oy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary 
 to Italy in March, 1861, serving until h'is death; 
 the author and publisher of numerous literary 
 works; died at Vallombrosa, Italy, July 24, 1882". 
 
 Marshall, Alexander E., was a native of Ken- 
 tucky; located at Nicholasville; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Kentucky to the Thirty-fourth 
 Congress as an American. 
 
 Marshall, Alfred, of China, Me., was State 
 represi'ntative 1827-28 and 18:34-35; elected a 
 Representative from Maine to the Twenty-seventh 
 Congress as a \an Buren Democrat; collector of 
 Belfast, Me., 1846-1849. 
 
 Marshall, Edward C, was born at Woodford, 
 Ky., in 1820; moved to Sonora, Cal. ; elected a 
 Representative from California to the Thirty- 
 second Congress. 
 
 Marshall, George A., was born in Shelby 
 County, Ohio, September 14, 1851; educated in 
 I'ublic schools of SheDiy County, and later at the 
 Ohio Wesleyan University, l>elaware, Ohio; attor- 
 ney at law; served eight years as prosecuting at- 
 torney of Shelby C^ountv, being elected in 1878, 
 1880, and again in 1883;' elected to the Fifty-fifth 
 Congress as a Democrat; died April 29, 1899. 
 
 Marshall, Humphrey, was born in AVestmore- 
 land County, Va., in 175<i; attended the conmioa 
 schools; moved to Kentucky; delegate to the State 
 constitutional convention; State repre.sentative for 
 several years; elected a United States Senator from 
 Kentucky as a Federalist, serving from 1795-1801; 
 died near Frankfort, Ky., July 1, 1841. 
 
 Marshall, Humphrey, was liorn at Frankfort, 
 Ky., January 13. 1S12; graduated from West Point 
 in 1828; resigned from the Army April 30, 1833; 
 studied law and commenced practice at Louisville; 
 active in the State militia; colonel of volunteers 
 in the IMexican war; engaged in farming; elected 
 a Representative from Kentucky to the Thirty- 
 first and Thirty-second Congresses as a Whig, 
 serving until his resignation, August 4, 1852; 
 minister to China 1852 to January 27, 18.54; elected 
 to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses 
 as a National American; brigadier-general in the 
 Confederate service; died at Louisville, Ky., March 
 28, 1872. 
 
 Marshall, James W., of Newcastle, Craig 
 County, Va., was born in Augusta County, Va., 
 March 31, 1844; served as a private soldier four 
 years in the Confederate army commanded by 
 Gen. Rriliert E. Lee; attended Roanoke CJollege 
 part of two sessions, and graduated from tlie same 
 in 1870; studied law and adnntted to the bar; 
 elected Commonwealth attorney for Craig County 
 in 1870; served till 1875, inclusive; elected to Vir- 
 ginia senate in 1875, and served four years; elected 
 a member of the general assembly of Virginia in 
 1882-83; elected Commonwealth attorney for Craig 
 County in 1884 and served till 1888, inclusive; 
 Presidential elector on the Cleveland and Thur- 
 man ticket in 1888; elected to the Virginia senate 
 in 1891 for term of four years; served in same ses- 
 sion of 1891-92, and elected to the Fifty-third Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; resumed the practice of law 
 after leaving Congress. 
 
 Marshall, John, was bom at Germantown, 
 Va., September 24, 1755; served in the Revolu- 
 tionary Army; studied law and coumienced prac- 
 tice at Richmond in 1781; delegate to the State 
 convention for the ratification of the Federal Con- 
 stitution; State rejiresentative; minister to France 
 June 5, 1797, to April 3, 1798; elected a Represen- 
 tative from Virginia to the Sixth Congress, resign- 
 ing in 1800; appointed Secretarj^ of State May 13, 
 1800; apixiinted Chief Justice of the United States 
 Supreme Court January 31, 1801, serving until 
 his death at Philadelphia, Pa., July 6, 183.5; pub- 
 lished several literary works. 
 
 Marshall, Samuel S., was born in Gallatin 
 County, 111., in 1824; studied and practiced law; 
 member of the State legislature in 1847; State 
 attorney 1847-48; circuit court judge 1851-1854 
 and 1861-1864; delegate to the national Demo- 
 cratic convention at Charleston and Baltimore in 
 1860 and 1864; delegate to the national Union con- 
 vention in 1866; elected a Re]iresentative from 
 Illinois to the Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth, Thirty- 
 ninth, Fortieth, Forty-first, Forty-second, and 
 Forty-third Congresses as a Democrat; defeated for 
 the Forty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Marshall, Thomas Alexander (son of Hum- 
 phrey Marshall), was l)orn near Versailles, K v., 
 .lanuary 15, 1794; graduated from Yale College"in 
 1815; studied law, commencing practice at Frank- 
 fort in 1816; moved to Paris, Ky., in 1819; elected 
 a Rejiresentative from Kentucky to the Twenty- 
 second and Twenty-third Congresses as a Whig, 
 
ti84 
 
 ri)N(lRKSSIONAl. I)IKK( TCKY. 
 
 l)Ut WHS <lefeaU>i\ fin- the Tw.-nty-fourth Congress; 
 jiulpt' of tho SUito loiirt ivf ai>|K'als, lSSr>-18iiti; 
 proTost^or in the Transylvania Law School iKU\- 
 184it; nioved toChii-atfo'in lS.i(i, Imt soon ivtnrned 
 toKentui-kv; State rejiri'sentativf in ISti;!; (hicl [ 
 jUBtiiv of tlie court ol a|>iH'als lSt>ti-*)7; died at ' 
 Louisvillo, Ky., Ajiril 17, 1S71. | 
 
 Marshall. Thomas Francis, was born at | 
 Fnuiklort, Ky., ,lun«- 7, ISOI; received u classical 
 iHlucntion in Virtiinia; stmlii'd law andcoimneiiced ^ 
 i)nutieeat N'ersailles, Kv.,in 1S'_',><: niendier of tlie 
 State legislature lS:iL'-l.s:i(i, liS:!S-;«», and in l.s."^; 
 moveil to Louisvilli' in is:«: defeated as an inde- 
 pendent for tin' Twenly-lifth Conjrress; returned 
 to Vei-sailles in 1S:{7; elected a Kepresentative from 
 Kentuckv to the Twenty-seventh Conpre-ss as a 
 Whij.'; served in the Mi'xican war as captain of 
 volunteers: moved to ("liica>.'o in livSti; died near 
 Vei-sailles, Ky.. Septemher •."-', lMi4. 
 
 Marshall, Thomas Frank, of Oakes, Dickey 
 Countv, X. l>ak., was horn at llannihal, Mo., 
 March 7, 18.'>4; educate<l at State Normal School, 
 Platteville, Unint County, Wis.; learneil the imi- 
 fession of surveyor: hecame a resident of Dakota 
 in \S7:^: en^apeil in hankini;: electe<l mayor of 
 Oakes, X. ]lak., twi) terms; State senator from the 
 twentv-tilth di.strict of Xorth Dakota, one term — 
 (our years; delegate to the Kepuhlican national 
 convention held at Minneapolis in ISitL'; elected to 
 the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Coufrresses as 
 a Republican. 
 
 Marston, Oilman, was horn at Orford, X. II., 
 August L'll, ISll; graduated from Dartmouth Col- 
 lege in l,s:)7: studied at the Dane Law School, 
 commencing the ^iracticeof law at F.xeter in 1S41: 
 Stale representative lS4.'i-lS-li»; delegate to the 
 State constitutional convention of l.s.'HI; elected a 
 Repre.sentativefrom New 1 lanipshire to the Thirty- 
 sixth, Thirty -seventh, and Thirty-ninth Congri>s.ses 
 as a Kepuhlican; served with distinction in the 
 Union Army aa colonel and brigadier-general of 
 volunteers; "declineil the governorship of Idaho 
 Territory in 1S70; a^>I>ointed Tniteil States Senator 
 from New Hampshire bv governor, serving from 
 Marcli 5 to June 19, ISSsi; died at Kxeter. X. U., 
 July A. 1S90. 
 
 Martin, Alexander, was born in Xew Jersey 
 in 1740: graduateil fiom I'rincetoii College in 175t); 
 studied law, and commenivd practice in >'orth 
 Carolina in 1772; member of the colonial lussem- 
 bly; colonel in the Kevolutionary war: Statesena- 
 tor 1771»-1782, 17.<>-17NS; governiT 17Sl'-17S.'> and 
 178i>-171t2: delegate to the State convi'iition forthe 
 adoption of the Federal Constitution: I'niletl 
 State.s Senator from Xorth Carolina 179.'j-17;HI; 
 died at Danbury, X. C, in Noveml)er, 1807. 
 
 Martin, Augustus N., was born at Whites- 
 town. Butli'r County, I'a., on the farm of his 
 father, John Martin. March '2.S, I,">47; educateil in 
 the common schools and at Withei-s|>oon Insti- 
 tute, Butler, Ta., and graduateil in l\-bruar\\ I8ti7, 
 from Kastman College, I'oughkeepsie, X. V.; en- 
 listed July 3. ISti:*, in Company 1, Fifty-eighth 
 I'ennsylvania Volunteer Militia, which a.ssiste<l in 
 the capture of (ien. John >hirgairs command; 
 enlisted again February 22, ISti.'S, in Company F, 
 Seventy-eiLdith rennsylvania VohmltHTS, serving 
 until discharged, August .SO, l,'<ti.'i, for disjibility; 
 left home for the West March 2;{, lSli,s, working 
 in sawmills and on farms and teaching school 
 in Ohio, and arriving in Wells County, Ind.. 
 June lit, IMtHt, wher»' he worked on farm and rnil- 
 roail until he commenced reading law in Mluffton 
 
 in 1869; admitted to the practice of the law in 
 1870; represented Adams and Wells counties in 
 the legislature in 187.i, where he served on the 
 hou.se judiciary, organization of courts, and cor|>o- 
 lation committees: elec-ted reporter of the supreme 
 court of Indiana in 187ti and served for a term 
 of four yeai-s, iluring which period he editetl and 
 pnblished Indiana .Suiireme Court Ke|>orts from 
 \olnine .i4 to volume 70, inclusive: renominated, 
 but, with the whole ticket, defeated in 1,880: re- 
 sideil from 18,sl to 188:1 at Austin, Tex.; bei-ame 
 again a resident of Hluffton ui)on his n-tnrn from 
 Texas; elected to the Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and 
 Fifty-third Congres.ses as a Democnit: resuine<l 
 anil continued in-actiee of law at Bluffton, Ind., 
 until his death, which occurred July 11, 1901. 
 
 Martin, Barclay, was a native of South Caro- 
 lina; received an academic education; moved to 
 Columbia, Teiin.: elected a Representative from 
 Tennessee to the Twenty-ninth Conifress. 
 
 Martin, Benjamin F., was born in Marion 
 County, Va., OctolKr 2. l.><28: lived and worke<l 
 upon a farm until he was 21 yeai-s of age; chietiy 
 educated at .\llegheny College, Meadville, I'a., 
 where he graduated with college lionorn in June, 
 18.')4; taught school at Fainnount, Marion County, 
 for eighteen months; studied law and admitted to 
 the bar; commenceii to practice in JIarch. 185ti, 
 moving in tlu' following Xoveml>er to I'runtytown; 
 a member of the constitutional convention of We.st 
 Virginia in 1872; delegate to the national Demo- 
 cratic convention at Baltimore in 1872; elected to 
 the Forty-lifth Congress, and reelected tothe Forty- 
 sixth Congress as a Democrat; died in l,89.i. 
 
 Martin, Charles D., was a native of Ohio; 
 attended the public schools; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Ohio to the Thirty-sixth Congress as 
 a Democnit: defeated for the Thirty-seventh 
 Congress. 
 
 Martin, Charles H., of Polkton, N. C.: grad- 
 uated from Wake Forest College, Xorth Carolina: 
 studied law; admitted to the bar; became preacher; 
 elected a Repr«\sentative from North C"arolina to 
 the Forty-fourth and Forty-tifth Congresses as a 
 Populist: certilicate of election was given J. A. 
 Loekhart in the Fifty-fourth Congress, but after a 
 contest Mr. .Martin wasseateil. 
 
 Martin, Eben Wever, of Deadwood, S. Dak., 
 was born at Mai|Uoketa. ,Tackson County, Iowa, 
 .\pril 12, 18.5.5: graduated from Cornell College in 
 187!', with the degree of B. A., and thriv years 
 later received the degree of A. M. from his alma 
 mater; attended the law school of the I'nivcrsity 
 of Michigan: admitted to the bar in the spring of 
 18,80; moved to Deadwood, and pnuticed law; 
 a member of the Territorial legislature of Dakota 
 in 18.M and 18,8.'v, several years i>resideiit of th«" 
 board of edncatir-. of the city of Deadwmxi; nieni- 
 l>er of the Sons ... the American Revolution, Snith 
 Dakota Chajiter, and of the Iowa Commandery of 
 the Loyal Ix^gion, the latter by inheritance from 
 his father, Capt. James W. Martin, of Company I, 
 Twenty-fourth Iowa Volunteers; electol to the 
 Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congri'sses as a 
 Republican. 
 
 Martin, Edward Iiivingston, was Ixirn at Sea- 
 fonl, Del., March 2;'. I8:>7: eilucated at Bolmar's 
 .\cademy, Delaware College, and the Cniversitvof 
 Virginia; studieil law. and admittiHl to the Imr; 
 clerk of the senate of Delaware: servo! as a com- 
 missioner to settle disputinl Ixiundary U'twcen IVl- 
 aware and Xew Jers»>y; a meniK-r of the national 
 liemocratie convention at Chii-ago in 1.M^. at Bal- 
 
BIOGRAPHIKS. 
 
 685 
 
 timore in 1872, and at St. Lmiis in 1876; elected to 
 the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses as a 
 Democrat; died January 27, 1897. 
 
 Martin, Elbert S., was a native of Virginia; 
 attended tlie pu))lic schools; elected a Representa- 
 tive fr(3m Virginia to tlie Thirty-sixth Congress as 
 an Independent Democrat. 
 
 Martin, Frederick S., was born in Rutland 
 County, Vt., April 2.'i, 1794; attended the common 
 schools; sailor on Lake Champlain and on the 
 seas; engaged in trading in Olean, N. Y.; State 
 representative in 1850; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Thirty-seccmd Congress as 
 a Whig. 
 
 Martin, James S., was born iii Scott County, 
 Va., August 19, 1826; attended the common 
 schools; moved to Salem, 111., in 1846; served in 
 the Mexican war; studied and practiced law; 
 clerk of Marion County court; colonel in the 
 Union Army and brigadier-general by brevet; 
 county judge; appointed pension agent in 1868; 
 elected a Representative from Illinois to the Forty- 
 third Ci ingress as a Republican. 
 
 Martin, John, of Toi_>eka, Kans., was born in 
 AVilson County, Tenn., November 12, 1833; 
 brought up on a farm and educated in the com- 
 mon country schools; engaged as a clerk in store 
 and post-ofiice at 18 years of age; accompanied 
 Judge Rush Elmore to Kansas in 18.55, who had 
 heenappointeill'nited States district judge for that 
 Territory; located at Tecumseh April 8, 1855; 
 elected assistant clerk of tlu' first house of repre- 
 sentatives organized in the Territory, July 4, 
 1855; served as county clerk and register of deeds 
 1855-1857; admitted to practice lawin 1856; served 
 as the first count)' attorney of Shawnee County, 
 1858-59; postmaster at Tecumseh 1857-58; served 
 as deputy United States attorney in 1859 till Janu- 
 ary 29, 1861; settled in Topeka in January, 1861; 
 elected to the legi.«lature in 1873, and reelected in 
 1874; delegate to the Democratic national conven- 
 tion in 1872, and one of the committee to notify 
 Mr. Greeley of his nomination; Democratic nom- 
 inee for governor in 1876; delegate to the Demo- 
 cratic national convention of that year; appointed 
 district judge and sub-sequently elected to that 
 office; elected to the United States Senate January 
 25, 1893, to fill the unexpired term of Senator 
 Plumb; took his seat March 4, 1893, serving until 
 March 3, 1895; after leaving the United States 
 Senate he served as clerk of the sujireme court of 
 Kansas for two terms. 
 
 Martin, John Mason, was born at Athens, 
 Limestone County, Ala., January 20, 1837; re- 
 ceived his early education at the best high schools 
 of the South, including the one at Green Sjirings, 
 Ala. ; student at the University of Alabama for two 
 and a half years; student at Centre College, Dan- 
 ville, Ky., from June5, 1855, to September 11, 1856, 
 when he was graduated an A. B.; studied law; ad- 
 mitted to the bar; professor of equity jurisprudence 
 in the University of Alabama from 1875 to 1886; 
 member of the State senate of Alabama from Au- 
 gust, 1871, to November, 1876, serving as president 
 pro tempore from 1873 to 1876; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Alabama to the Forty-ninth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; died in 1898. 
 
 Martin, John P., was born in Lee County, Va., 
 October 11, 1811; received an academic education; 
 moved to Prestonburg, Ky., in 1828; State repre- 
 sentative 1841—12, and State senator in 1857; 
 elected a Representative from Kentucky tn the 
 Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Martin, Joseph John, of W'illiamston, N. C, 
 was born in Martin County, N. ('., November 21, 
 1833; educated at Williamston Academy; studied 
 law at the law school of Chief Justice R. M. Pear- 
 si.in in Yadkin County, N. C; admitted to the bar 
 in the summer of 1859; elected county attorney for 
 his native county, which position he held for six 
 years; elected as a Republican solicitor for the sec- 
 ond judicial district of North Carolina in 1868 and 
 held the position six years; reelected in 1874 and 
 held the office until his nomination for Congress; 
 a delegate to the national Republican convention 
 at Cincinnati; elected to the Forty-sixth Congress 
 as a Republican; resumed the practice of law after 
 leaving Congress. 
 
 Martin, Joshua L., was born in Blount County, 
 Tenn., December;), 1799; received an academic edu- 
 cation; studied law and I'onnnenced practice in the 
 northern part of Alaliama; elected a Representative 
 from Alabama to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty- 
 fifth Congresses as a Democrat; chancellor of 
 middle Alabama; governor 1845-1847; died at 
 Tuscaloo.sa, Ala., November 2, 18.56. 
 
 Martin, Luther, was born at New Brunswick, 
 X. J., in 1744; graduated from Princeton College 
 in 1 766 ; taught school at tiueen.sto wn, Md. ; studied 
 law and commenced practice in Accomac County, 
 Va. ; mendier of the Annapolis convention 1774; 
 appointed attorney-general of Maryland February 
 11, 1778, au<l again in 1818; Delegate from Mary- 
 land to the Continental Congress 1784-85; mem- 
 ber of the Federal constitutional convention, 
 opposing its adoption; counsel for Judge Chase in 
 1804 and for Aaron Burr in 1807; chief justice of 
 the court of oyer and terminer in 1814; published 
 several political pamphlets; received an LL. D. 
 from Princeton College; died at New York Citv 
 July 10, 1826. 
 
 Martin, Morg'an Ij. , was a native of New 
 
 York; moveil to Green Bay, Wis.; elected a Dele- 
 gate from Wisconsin Territory to the Twenty-ninth 
 Congress as a Democrat; died December 10, 1887. 
 
 Martin, Robert N. , was born at Cambridge, 
 Md., January 14, 179S; attended thepublic schools; 
 elected a Representative from Maryland to the 
 Nineteenth Congress; died at Saratoga, N. Y., 
 July 20, 1870. 
 
 Martin, Thomas Staples, of Albemarle 
 ; County (post-otlice, Scottsville, Va. ) ; was born at 
 i Scottsville, Albemarle County, July 29, 1847; 
 moved with his parents to the country in 1853, 
 ': about 2 miles from Scottsville; educated at the 
 Virginia Military Institute, where he was a cadet 
 from March 1, 1864, to April 9, 1865, and at the 
 LTniversity of A'irginia, where he was a student in 
 the academic schools for two sessions, from Octo- 
 ber 1, 1865, to June 29, 1866, and from October 1, 
 1866, to June 29, 1867; though not a regularly 
 enlisted soldier, part of the time while he was a 
 cadet at the Virginia Military Institute was spent 
 in the military service of the Confederate States 
 with the battalion of cadets of the institute; soon 
 after leaving the University of A'irginia he com- 
 menced the study of law by a course of private 
 reading at home, and was licensed to practice law 
 in the fall of 1869; for a number of years a mem- 
 ber of the board of visitors of the Miller Jlanual 
 Labor School, of Albemarle County, and a mem- 
 ber of the board of visitors of the LTniversity of 
 Virginia, but imtil elected to the Senate he had 
 never held nor been a candidate for any political 
 office. State or national; December 19, 1893, 
 elected a Senator fi'oiu A'irginia for the term com- 
 
080 
 
 CONORKriSIONAL UIRKCTOR"'. 
 
 menciiig Manli 4, ISiio, to su«t?ed Hon. Kinm 
 Iliiiilon. wliii luiil Ix'eii first appointoil by tlic 
 jjovcnini- aiiU then vIccIimI liy tlic l(%'isliiliirc ti> 
 till the vaiuiicy raii«'(l by the ili'atli (if Hon. 
 Jolin S. Harbour; reelecti-crin 1899. 
 
 Martin, 'William D., wa.'^ born at .Martiiitowii, 
 
 .•<.('., (tctnbiT I'll, 17S1I; rcceivfil ail ai'ailcinii' imIu- 
 catiun; atlcMilnl the l.itchl'u'M Law School; coiii- 
 iiifiu'cil jvrailiii' at IM^'ciirM in ISll, iiiiivin),' in 
 1818 toCoosawhatibii'; State rfiiri-scntative 1MI>- 
 1818; dork of thi- Stat." siMiato 18bS-l«i'(i; ek'i-tr.i 
 a Keprowntativc from South Carolina to the 
 TwiMitivth and Twenty-first ( 'on;.'resse» as a State 
 Ki^'htsDenioerat; eleeted jnilj.'e of the circuit court 
 of law; moved to ('olunil)ia; died at Charleston, | 
 S. C, November Hi, 1833. | 
 
 Martin, William H., of Athens, Tex., was 
 
 li.irn in I'.arboni' County, .\la., September 2, 1_82:{; | 
 received a limited education in the schools of his 
 neighborliooil; studied law in Troy, .\la., and a<l- 
 mitted to the i>ar; moved to Texas in IS.'id. and 
 engaired in tin' practice of his profession; elected 
 to the State senate in 1S.')3, and reelected in l.'<.'i.'>; 
 raised a compan.y for tlie Confederate army in l.siil . 
 and was mustered into the Kourtli Texas Kejiiment ; 
 assijined to Lee's army, and participated in all the 
 battles of that army'till the surrender in .\pril, 
 18t3.5; returned to .\t liens, and resumed the prac- 
 tice of law; elected district attorney in l.HTl'; at 
 the expiration of his term of oflice he retired to 
 his farm and rancli; elected to the Tiftieth and 
 Fiftv-first Confire.-'ses as a Democrat. 
 
 Martindale, Henry C, was born in Berkshire 
 Countv, >hiss.. May (i, 1780; {iraduatei! from Wil- 
 liams ('ollctxe in IsfMI; moved to SaudylliH. N.Y.; 
 elected a Hepresentative from .New York to the 
 Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, 
 and Twentv-third Conjrresses as a Whiji; 'licil at 
 Sandy Hill', N. Y., April 22, 18(i0. 
 
 Marvin, Dudley, was l)orn at Lyme, Conn., 
 May (i, 1780; attended Colchester Seminary; stuil- 
 ied law at Canandai^ua, N. Y'., commenciiifr prac- 
 tice there in 1807; elected a Representative from 
 New Y'ork to the Kighteentli, Nineteenth, and 
 Twentieth Conures.ses as an .\danis Democrat; 
 moved to New York City in 183.=), thence to Kijiley 
 in 184.5; elected to the Thirtieth Conjjre.-vs as a 
 Whig; <lied at Kipley, N. Y., .lune 25, 185(i. 
 
 Marvin, Francis, of Tort ,Tervis, N. Y., was 
 born at the city of New York March 8, 1828: edu- 
 cate<l ill private schools of that citv; entered njion 
 a commercial career and engageil in the promo- 
 tion, construction, and i>peration of railways, 
 water-supply companies, bri<lges, the manufacture 
 of illuminating gn''. a'"' '" banking: tilled many 
 local otiices; unsuccessful candidate of the Kepub- 
 lican i)arty for memlier of the a.-'sembly in 18tj4 
 and for senator from the Orange and Sullivan dis- 
 trict in 1881; elected to tlie Fifty-third Congress as 
 a Republican; retiieil to private life after leaving 
 Congre.'^s ami devoted his time to the management 
 of his several business enterprises. 
 
 Marvin, James M. , was born at Ballston, N. Y., 
 February 27, 1.H09; attended thi- common schools 
 and engageil in farming; State representative in 
 184(i; connly supervisor for si'veral years; entered 
 the hotel bnsinessat Saratoga; I'lectcda Kcpicsent- 
 ativefrom New York to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty- 
 ninth, and Fortieth Congresses as a Republican; 
 died Aj.ril 2."i, 1901. 
 
 Marvin. Richard Pratt, was born in New 
 York about 1815: attended the public schools: 
 
 studitni law, commencing i>raetice at Jamestown, 
 N. Y'.; State representirtive in 183(); elected a 
 Uepresinlative from New York to the Twenty- 
 fifth and Twenty-sixth Congresses as a Whig; 
 delegate to the State constitutional convention in 
 184l>; justice of the State supreme court I.M7-1S71; 
 died at .Jamestown, N. Y.,.l(inuary 14, 1892. 
 
 Mason, Armistead Thomson, was born in 
 Loudoun County, \'a., in 1787; graduated from 
 William and Mary College; engaged in farming; 
 colonel of the Virginia Vohinteei's in the war of 
 1812; elected a l"nite<l States .Senator from Vir- 
 ginia (vice William R. tJiles, resigned), serving 
 from January 22, 181(i, to March 3, 1817; defeated 
 forthe Fifteenth Congress; died near Washington, 
 D. C, February (>, 1819. 
 
 Mason, George, was bom at Doegs Neck, Fair- 
 fax County. \'a.. in 172ii; received an acailemic edu- 
 cation; active ill ante-Kevolutionary events; Dele- 
 gate from \'irginia to the Continental Cipngrcss in 
 1777; ilelegate to tlie Stale convention for the ado ji- 
 tioii of the Feileral Constitution in 1787; ilied at 
 liiinston Hall. Va., October 7, 1792. 
 
 Mason, James B., was born in Rhoile Island 
 in 1774: received a cla.-sical education; studied 
 medicine, commencing jiraetice at Charle.«ton, 
 S. ('.; engaged in mercantile business at Provi- 
 dence, K. 1.; State ie|)resentative for several 
 years, being speaker of the house from February, 
 1812, to l\Iay, 1814; elected a Representative from 
 Rhoile Island to the Fourtei'nth and Fifteenth 
 Congresses as a Fecleralist; dieil at I'rovidence, 
 R. L, Sei>tember l>, 1819. 
 
 Mason, Janaes M. , wa.s born on Analostan 
 Island, Virginia. November 3, 1798; graduated 
 from the Cniversity of Pennsylvania in 1818; 
 studied law at William and Mary College: com- 
 menced |iractice at Winclu'ster, Va., in 1S20; State 
 representative 1 .S2l>- 1 8.32 ; Presidential elector on 
 the Democratic tiiket in 1832; electeil a Hejire- 
 gentative from Virginia to the Twenty-fifth Con- 
 gress as a Jackson Democrat: electeil a Cnited 
 i^tates Senator from Virginia, vice Isaac S. Penny- 
 backer, ilecea.sed; twice reelected, serving from 
 January 25, 1847, to his retirement, .March 2,S, 
 bsiil; delegate from Virginia to the ])idvisional 
 congress of the Confederate States; appointed 
 commissioner of the Ccuifederate States to (ireat 
 Britain: t;;ken prisonerand confined at Fort War- 
 ren, lioston Harbor, ami released: dii'd near Alex- 
 andria, Va., April 28, 1871. 
 
 Mason, Jeremiah, was born at Lebanon, 
 Conn., April 27, 17ii8; graduated from Y'ale Col- 
 lege in 1788; studied law, commencing practice in 
 1791; moveil sui'cessively to several iilaces, locat- 
 ing in 1797 at Portsmouth, N. li.; appointe<l 
 attorney-general of New Hampshire in 18t)2; State 
 representative for several years; elected a Cnitt-d 
 States Senator from New Hani]>shire for the term 
 1813-1819, but resigned in 1817: niove<l to Boston, 
 Miiss., in 1832, and died there October 14, 1848. 
 
 Mason, John C, was a native of Kentucky; 
 located at <»wensville; elected a Representative 
 from Kentnckv to the Thirty-first, Thirty-second, 
 and Thirtv-fiftli Congresses ais a Jack.-on Democrat. 
 
 Mason, John Thomson, was bom at Mont- 
 jielicr, Md., May 9, ISI.'i; grailnated from Prince- 
 ton College in 183t>: studied law, commeniing 
 practice at Hagerstown, Md., in 1838; Stall- repre- 
 sentative 18.38-;?9: electe<l a Repres<'ntative from 
 Marvlaiid to tlie Twenty-seventh Congress a.-< a 
 Democrat; judge of the c(".urt of ainwals 1.S51-1857; 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 687 
 
 customs collector at Baltimore 1857-1861; moved 
 to Annaijolis, :\Id., where he died March 28, 1873. 
 
 Kason, Jolin Y. , was born at Greensville, Va., 
 April 18, 1799; graduated from the University of 
 North Carolina in 1816; studied law, commencing 
 practice at Hicksford, \'a. ; State representati\e 
 1819-1829; United States district judge for eastern 
 Virginia; elected a Reiiresentative from Virginia 
 to tlie Twenty-second, Twenty-third, and Twenty- 
 fourth Congresses as a Democrat, resigning Janu- 
 ary 11, 18.'17; elected judge of tlie Virginia general 
 court; delegate to the State constitutional conven- 
 tions of 182Sanrl 1S49; Secretary of the Navv March 
 14, 1844-45, and Septemlier9, 1846-1849; Attorney- 
 General March .5, 184.'), to September 9, 1846; min- 
 ister to England .January 22, 18."i4, until his death, 
 at Paris, France, October 3, 1S59. 
 
 Mason, Jonathan, was born at Boston, Mass., 
 
 August 30,-17.52; graduated from Princeton Col- 
 lege in 1774; studied law under .John Adams; 
 commenced practice in 1777 in Boston; State rep- 
 resentative; executive Cduncilor in 1798; elected 
 a United States Senator from JIassachusetts, vice 
 Benjamin Goodhue, rc-^igned, serving from De- 
 cember 19, 1800-1803; elected a Representative 
 from Massachusetts to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth 
 Congresses as a Federalist; resigned May lo, 1820; 
 died at Boston, JNIass., November 1, 1831. 
 
 Mason, Joseph, of Hamilton, N. Y., was born 
 at Plattsburg, N. Y., March 30, 1828; received an 
 academic education; studied law, admitted to the 
 bar in 1849; practiced law at Hamilton; elected 
 county judge of Madison County for the term 
 commencing January 1, 1864, and held the posi- 
 tion four years; appointed collector of internal 
 revenue for the twenty-second district of New York 
 in 1871, and held the position until January, 1S76; 
 elected to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh 
 Congresses as a Republican; resumed the prac- 
 tice of law. 
 
 Mason, Moses, was born at Oxford County, 
 Mass. (now ilainc) , in 1791; county commissioner 
 1831-1834; elected a Representative from Jlaine 
 to the Twenty-third anil Twent}'-fourth Congresses 
 as a Democrat; an executive councilor of the State; 
 died at Bethel, Me., June 2.5, 1866. 
 
 Mason, Samson, was a native of Ohio; attended 
 thecipuiuinn schonls; elec-tid a Representative from 
 Ohio to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth^ Twenty- 
 sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses as a Whig. 
 
 Mason, Stevens Thomson, was liorn at Cha- 
 pawausic, Va., in 1760; gradnateil fnirn William 
 and Mary College; .served in the Revolutionary 
 Army, rising to brigadier-generalship; State repre- 
 sentative; delegate to the State constitutional con- 
 vention of 1788; elected a United States Senator 
 from Virginia, vice James Monroe, resigned: twice 
 reelected, serving from November 18, 1794, until 
 his death. May 10, 1803, at Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Mason, William, was a native of Connecticut; 
 moved til Preston, N. Y.; State representative 
 1821-22; elected a Representative from New York 
 to the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Mason, William E., iif Chicago, III., was born 
 at Franklinville. Cattaraugus County, N. Y.,July 
 7, 18.50; moved with his parents to Benton,sport, 
 Iowa, in 1858; attended school at Bentonsport 
 Academy and Birmingham College; taught school 
 from 1866 to 1870, the last two years at Des Moines, 
 Iowa; entered the law office of Hon. Thomas F. 
 Withrow, and was admitted to practice law in 
 Des Moines; went to Chicago in 1872, and has 
 
 practiced law; elected to the general assembly in 
 1879, and to the State senate in 1881 ; elected to 
 the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses as a Repub- 
 lican; elected to the United States Senate January 
 20, 1897; took his seat March 4, 1897, and served 
 until JIarch 3, 1903. 
 
 Masters, Josiah, was born at Woodbury, Conn. , 
 Octoljer 22, 1763; graduated from Yale College in 
 1784; studied law, and commenced practice at 
 Schaghticoke, N. Y. ; State representative in 1 792 
 and 1801; associate judge of Rensselaer County 
 1801-1.S05; elected a Representative from New- 
 York to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses as a 
 Democrat; common jileas court judge of Rensselaer 
 County from 1808 until his death, June 30, 1832, 
 at Schaghticoke, N. Y. 
 
 Mathe-ws, James, was a native of Ohio; at- 
 tended the common schi.iols; located at Coshocton; 
 elected a Representative from ( >hio to the Twenty- 
 seventh and Twenty-eighth Congresses as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Mathe-ws, Vincent, wasborninOrangeCounty, 
 N. Y., June 29, 176».); receiveil an acadetnic educa- 
 tion; studied law, and commenced practice at 
 Elmira, N. Y., in 1790; State representative in 
 1793 and .senator in 1796; bounty land claims com- 
 missioner in 1798; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Eleventh Congress as a Federal- 
 ist; State district attorney 1812-1815; moved to 
 Bath, thence to Rochester; again State representa- 
 tive in 1826; died at Rochester, N. Y., August 23 
 1846. 
 
 Mathe-wrson, Elisha, was born at Scituate R. I. , 
 April 18, 1767; received an academic education; 
 State representative for several years and speaker 
 from May to October, 1821, and" IMay to October, 
 1822; elected a I'nited States Senator from Rhode 
 Island (vice James Fenner, resigned) as a Dem- 
 ocrat, serving from November 20, 1807, to March 
 3, 1811; died at Scituate, R. I., February 6, 1853. 
 
 Mathiot, Joshua, was a native of Ohio; at- 
 tended the common schools; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Ohio to the Twenty-seventh Congress as 
 a Whig; died at Newark, Ohio, July 30, 1849. 
 
 Matlack, James, was a native of Gloucester 
 County, N. J.; attended the common schools; 
 elected a Representative from New Jersey to the 
 Seventeenth and f'ighteenth Congres.'<es; died at 
 Woodbury, N. J., January 15, 1840. 
 
 Matlack, Timothy, was born at Haddonfield, 
 N. J., in 1730; received an academic education; 
 active in pre-Revolutionary affairs and in the Rev- 
 olutionary volunteers; Delegate from Pennsyl- 
 vania to "the Continental Congress 1780-81; lield 
 local offices at Lancaster and Philadelphia; died 
 at Holmesburg, Pa., April 15, 1,829. 
 
 Matson, Aaron, was born at Plymouth, Mass., 
 in 1770; moved to Cheshire County, N. H.; judge 
 of probate; executive councilor 1819-1821; elected 
 a Representative from New Hampshire to the 
 Seventeenth and Eighteenth Congresses; died at 
 Newport, Vt., July 18, 1.S55. 
 
 Matson, Courtland C, of Greencastle, Ind., 
 wasbornat Brookville, Ind., April 25, 1841; gradu- 
 ate of Indiana Asbury University; at the beginning 
 of the war enlisted as a private in the Sixteenth 
 Indiana Volunteers, and after one year's service 
 in that regiment entered the Sixth Indiana Cav- 
 alry (Seventy-first Volunteers), and served in that 
 regiment nntil October, 1865, filling different inter- 
 mediate grades up to that of colonel of the latter 
 
688 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTORY. 
 
 ri-tfiment; after tlir war Ik- stiiilii'ii law with liis 
 father, llcni. John A. .MHt.1011; eiiterivl t lie | "■"'•<>"' 
 at his present home, ami hif hi lontiniied; was 
 tliree times electeil as |)riise(UtiiiK' attorney of dif- 
 ferent courts in Indiana, anil was eleete<l to the 
 Fortv-seventh, Korty-eiKhlli, Forty-ninth, and 
 Fiftieth C'on}.'re.s.-;es as a lUinoerat; after his retire- 
 ment from (.'on^'ress he resumed the practiee of 
 his profession at ( irii ncastle, hul. 
 
 Matteson, OrsamusB., was horn at Verona, 
 X. Y., in 1S0">; attended the eomnion sehools; 
 studied and praeticed law at I'tica; eity attorney 
 at Itica: 8tate supreme eourt eonimi.-^sioner; 
 elected a Hepri'sentalive from New York to the 
 Thirtv-lirst, Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, and 
 Thirtv-lifth Contrres.'^es as a Whitr: resijined from 
 the tliirtv-fourth fongress Kelmiarv L'7, 1^57; 
 died at I'tica, N. Y., Pecemher 22, 1889. 
 
 Matthews, George, was horn in Augusta 
 County. Va., in \7:W: served in the Indian and 
 Revolutionary wars; enj:a>;ed in farming in Ogle- 
 thorpe CouutV, Cia., in !"!>•■>; governor of tieorgia 
 1793-1790; electeil a Kepresentative from (ieorgia 
 to the First Congress; hrigadier-general in the 
 expeilition for thecaptureof West Florida in 1811: 
 died at Augusta, Ca., August 30, 1812. 
 
 Matthews, John, was horn at Charleston, S. C, 
 in 1744; studied law; associate judge of the State 
 supreme court in 177t>; Delegate from South Car- 
 olina to the Continental Congress 1778-1782; gov- 
 ernor 1782-8.'!; judge of the court of eiiuity in 1784; 
 died at Charleston, S. C., November 17, 1802. 
 
 Matthews, Stanley, was bora at Cincinnati, 
 Ohio, July 21, 1824; attended Woodward High 
 School; gi'aduated from Kenyoii Colletre in IS-IO; 
 studied law, and commenced practice in Jlaury 
 Countv, Tenn.. in 1842; returned to Cincinnati in 
 1844; appointed assistant jirosecutor of Hamilton 
 County in 184.'i; editor of the Cincinnati Herald; 
 clerk of the State assembly, 1848-49; judge of the 
 county common pleas court, 18.i0-18,">2; elected a 
 State "senator in 18.S3; T'niteil States district attor- 
 ney for southern Ohio 1S.=>8, until his resignation 
 in 'March, 18t'>l; joined the Kcpublican party at 
 this time; served as lieutenant-colonel and colonel 
 of volunteers in the rnion army 18t)l-18t>;5; judge 
 of the Cincinnati superior coiirt KStJ.'), until his 
 resignation in .lulv, 18(>4; Presidential elector on 
 the Republican tickets of lS(i4 and ]S()8; defeated 
 for the Fortv-lifth Congress; elected a I'nited 
 States Senator March 20, 1877, as a Republican 
 (vice John Sherman, resigned), serving until 
 March 3, 1870; apiiointed justice of the United 
 States Supreme Court in January, 1881, but lacked 
 eonlirmation; renomin:ited March lii, contirmed 
 Alav 12, issl, and served until his death, at Wash- 
 ington, I>. C., March 22, 1889. 
 
 Matthews, William, was a native of Maryland; 
 elected a Representative from that State to the 
 Fifth Congress. 
 
 Mattocks, John, was bom at Hartford, Conn., 
 Iklarch 4, 1777; received an academic education; 
 stuilied law and comnlenc^^l i>nictice at I'eai-ham, 
 Vt.; brigadier-general of militia; State supreme 
 court judge for two years; elected a Repre.«enta- 
 tive from Vennontfo the Seventeenth. Nineteenth, 
 and Twentv-seventh Congrt-s.-es as a Whig; gov- 
 ernor of Vermont 184;i-44; died at I'eacham, Vt., 
 August 14, 1847. 
 
 Mattoon, Ebenezer, was l>orn at .Vmherst, 
 Ma.ss.. August 19, 17.V>; gnuhiattnl from Dartmouth 
 College in 177ti; Presidential elector in 1796; 
 
 elected a Represi^ntative from Ma.-.-^achusetts to the 
 Sixth Congre.'is (vice Samuel Lyman, resignetl); 
 elected to the Seventh Congress, serving from 
 February 2, 1801, to March 3, 1803; major of vol- 
 unteers "in the war of 1812; sheriff of Hampden 
 Countv; State adjutant-general; died at Amherst, 
 Ma.«s.."Sci)tendver 11, 1S43. 
 
 Maurice, James, was a native of New York; 
 attended the ])ublic schools; located at Maciieth; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Maury, Abraham P., received an academic 
 education; located at Franklin, Tenn.; State rej)- 
 resentative; elected a Reiiresentative from Tenne.s- 
 see to the Twenty-fourtn and Twenty-lifth Coii- 
 gress<»sas a Whig; died at Franklin. Tenn., ,lulv 
 22, 1848. 
 
 Maxey, Samuel Bell, was liorn in Monroe 
 County, Ky., March 30, 1825; received his pri- 
 mary "education there; entered the We.st Point 
 Military Academy in 1842 and graduated in 1846; 
 joined "the Seventh Infantry, U. S. Army, at 
 Monterey, Mexico, as brevet second lieutenant; 
 brevetted first lieutenant for gallant services at 
 Contrenis and Churubusco; served through the 
 Mexican war; resigned in 1849; returned to Ken- 
 tucky; studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
 in 1850; moved toTexas in 1857 and practiced law; 
 elected State senator for four years in 18til, but de- 
 clined, and raised the Ninth Texa.s Infantry for 
 the Confederate States army, of which he was 
 colonel; jironioted brigadier-general in 18(>2 and 
 major-general in 18ti4; couuuanded the Indian 
 Territory military district lS03-18t)5, and wjis also 
 superintendent of Indian affairs; remained in the 
 service imtil the surrenilerof the trans-Missis.-ippi 
 department May 2ti, 1865; resumed the practice of 
 law; conunissiuned as judge of the eighth district 
 of Texas Ajiril 18, 1873, but declined; elected to 
 the United States Senate as a Democrat to succeetl 
 James W. Flanagan, Republican, and took his seat 
 March 5, 1875; reelected in 1881, servingimtil March 
 3, 1887; died Augu.'^t 16. 189,5. 
 
 Maxwell. Augustus E. , was born at Elberton, 
 
 Oa., September 21, 1820; graduatetl from the Uni- 
 versity of Virginia in 1841; studieil law, and com- 
 I menced practice at Tallahassee, Fla. ; State repre- 
 I sentative in 1847; secretary of state in 1848 and 
 State senator in 1849; ele"cte<1 a Representative 
 I from Florida to the Thirty-third Congn-s-s as a 
 i Democrat, and reelected to the Thirty-fourth Con- 
 gress; navy agent at Pensacola 1857-1861; senator 
 of the Confederate States; elected president of the 
 [ Pensacola and Montgomery Railroad in 1866. 
 
 Maxwell, George C, was a native of New Jer- 
 sey; graduated from Princeton College in 1792; 
 elected a Representativt- from New Jersey to the 
 Twelfth Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Maxwell, J. P. B., was l>om in New Jersey in 
 1805; graduatcil from Princeton (."ollege in 1823; 
 studied law and commenced i.ractiif at Belvidere 
 in 1827; elected a Representative fnnn New Jersey 
 to the Twentv-lifth and Twenty-seventh Con- 
 gresses as a Wliig; receive.1 the certilit'Ote of dela- 
 tion to the Twenty-sixth Congress, but the House 
 refuseil to recognize it; died at Belvidere, N. J., 
 NovemlHT 14, 1845. 
 
 Maxwell, Lewis, was a native of Virginia; 
 locateil at Weston; electiMi a Rejiresentative from 
 Virginia to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, and 
 j Twentv-secoud Congresses as a Whig. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 689 
 
 Maxwell, Samuel, was born at Lodi (then a 
 suburb of Syracuse, N. Y. ), Jlay 20, 1826; edu- 
 cated in the common schools, and in the higher 
 branches under private tuition; moved with his 
 father's family to Michigan in 1844; here he 
 taught school and farmed; comjileted a course 
 in law in ^Michigan in 1858; admitted to the bar 
 in 18511; returneilto Neoraska and began practice; 
 elected a delegate to the first Republican Territo- 
 rial convention; elected a representative from Cass 
 County to the Territorial legislature; elected to 
 the first constitutional convention, held in 1864; 
 elected to the legislature in the same year, and re- 
 elected in 1865; assisted in framing the constitutiiin 
 of 1866; elected to the first State legislature in 1866; 
 in the following year appointed by the governor a 
 commissioner to select the capitol building and uni- 
 versity lands; organized the First National Bank of 
 Plattsmouth about 1870 and was one of its officers; 
 elected in 1871 to the second constitutional con- 
 vention, and was chairman of the committee on 
 suffrage; elected judge of the sujireme court as a 
 Kepublican in 1872 for a term of six years; located 
 in Fremont in 1873; elected in 1875 a member of 
 the third constitutional convention, and was chair- 
 man of the judiciary committee; elected the same 
 year judge of the supreme court under the new 
 constitution, and reelected in 1881 and 1887; 
 elected as a Representative from Nebraska to the 
 Fifty-fifth Congress as a Fusionist; after leaving 
 Congress resumed the jiractice of law ; died in 1901. 
 
 Maxwell, Thomas, of Elmira, N. Y. ; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the Twenty- 
 first Congress as a Jackson Democrat. 
 
 May, Henry, was a native of the District of 
 Columbia; received an academic education; 
 studied and jiracticed law; sent by President 
 Pierce to Mexico to investigate the Gardiner 
 claim ; elected a Representative from Maryland to 
 the Thirty-third and Thirty-seventh Congresses 
 as a Democrat; died at Baltimore, Md., Septem- 
 ber 25, 1866. 
 
 May, Mitchell, of the borough of Brooklyn, 
 N. Y., was born July 11, 1871, in said borough; edu- 
 cated in the pulilic schools and at the Brooklyn 
 Polytechnic Institute, later entering the law school 
 of Columbia College, graduating in 1892; admitted 
 to the bar in 1893; actively engaged in practice in 
 Brooklyn; elected to the Fifty-sixth Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 May, William L., was a native of Kentucky; 
 attendeil the common schools; moved to Spring- 
 field, 111.; elected a Representative from Illinois 
 to the Twenty-third Congress as a Jackson Demo- 
 crat, vice Joseph Duncan, resigned; elected to 
 the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses. 
 
 Mayall, Samuel, was a native of Maine; at- 
 tended the public schools; located at Gray; State 
 representative in 1845 and 1847-48; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Maine to the Thirty-third Con- 
 gress as a Democrat. 
 
 Maybury, William C, of Detroit, Mich., was 
 born there Novemlier 21, 1849; educated at the 
 University of Michigan, which gave him the 
 degree of master of arts; studied law; admitted 
 to the bar, and practiced; city attorney of Detroit 
 1875-1880; lecturer on medical jurisprudence in 
 jMichigan College of Medicine; elected to the 
 Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses as a 
 Democrat; after bis retirement fi'om Congress 
 resumetl the practice of law; in 1897 was elected 
 mayor of Detroit, and twice reelected. 
 
 Mayliam, Stephen L., bornatBlenheim, N. Y., 
 October 8, 1825; received an academic education; 
 studied law at Ithaca, commencing practice in 
 1848; superintendent of schools at Schoharie 1852- 
 1857 and supervisor 1857-1860; county attorney 
 1859-1863; State representative in 1863; elected a 
 Re]iresentative from New York to tlie Forty-first 
 and Forty-fifth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Maynard, Harry Lee, of Portsmouth, Va., was 
 born there June 8, 1861; educated in the common 
 schools of Norfolk County and the Virginia Agri- 
 cultural Jlechanical College; graduated therefrom 
 in 1880; in 1890 elected to the Virginia house of 
 delegates; in 1894 elected to the Virginia State sen- 
 ate; reelectetl in 1898; elected to the Fifty-seventh 
 and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Majmard, Horace, was born at Westboro, 
 Mass., August 13, 1814; attended school at Charles- 
 ton, S. C, and the Millbury (Mass.) Academy; 
 graduated from Amherst College in 1838; in 1839 
 became principal of the Hampden-Sydney Acad- 
 emy at Knoxville, Tenn.; instructor and professor 
 in the University of East Tennessee until 1844; 
 studied law and" practiced; attorney -general of 
 Tennessee 1863-1865; Presidential elector in 1852 
 and 1864; delegate to the State constitutional con- 
 vention in 1865; elected a Representative from 
 Tennessee to the Thirty-fifth Congress as an 
 American; reelected to ' the Thirty-sixth and 
 Thirty-seventh Congresses; elected to the Thirty- 
 ninth Congress as a Republican; reelected to the 
 Fortieth, Forty-first, Forty-second, and Fort}'- 
 third Congresses; appointed minister to Turkey 
 March 9, 1875, serving several years; Postmaster- 
 General June 2, 1880, to March 5, 1881; died at 
 Knoxville, Tenn., May 3, 1882. 
 
 Maynard, John, was a native of New York; 
 graduated from Union College in 1810; studied 
 law, and commenced practice at Seneca Falls; 
 moved to Auburn; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Twentieth and Twenty -seventh 
 Congresses as a Whig; a State senator 1838-1840; 
 seventh district judge of the supreme court June 
 7, 1847, until his death, March 24, 1850, at Auburn, 
 N. Y. 
 
 Mayo, Robert M., of Hague, Va., was given 
 certificate of election as a Representative from 
 that State to the Forty-eighth Congress, but was 
 unseated by G. T. Garrison on iMarch 20, 1884. 
 
 Mayrant, William, was a native of South Caro- 
 lina; elected a Rejiresentative from that State to 
 the Fourteenth Congress; resigned t)ctober 21, 
 1816; defeated for the Fifteenth Congress. 
 
 Meacham, James, was born at Rutland, Vt., 
 in 1810; graduated from Middlebury College in 
 1832; tutor and professor at Middlebury College; 
 studied theology; pastoratNew Haven, Vt. ; elected 
 a Representative from Vermont to the Thirty-first 
 Congress as a Whig (vice George P. iMarsh, re- 
 signed); reelected to the Thirty-second, Thirty- 
 third, and Thirty-fourth Congresses, serving until 
 his death, at ^liddlebury, Vt., August 22, 1856. 
 
 Mead, Cowles, was a native of Georgia; studied 
 and practiced law; elected a Representative from 
 Georgia to the Ninth Congress as a Democrat, but 
 was unseated Decend)er25, 1805, by the successful 
 contest of his opponent; appointed secretary of 
 Mississippi Territory in 1806. 
 
 Meade, Edwin Ruthven, was born at Nor- 
 wich, N. J., July 6, 1836; received an academic 
 edui'ation; studied law, and commenced practice 
 in Norwich in 1858; moved to New York City in 
 
 H. Doc. 458- 
 
 -Hr 
 
()'.•(» 
 
 CONGRKSSIONAI. DIKKCToRY. 
 
 187:!; i-lecteil a Ht-prew-ntativi' from New York to 
 the Korty-fourth Ctmnress a." a Pfmocrat; died at 
 New York City NovetiilxT L'S, ISSii. 
 
 Meade, Richard K., was Imrii in Kreilcrick 
 County. Vii., aliout \''Xi; ifceivinl a lilxTal educa- 
 tion; studied law, and CDMiincnc cd pr.utice at 
 retersbuij;; eleeteila Keprestiilative from Virjiinia 
 to the Tliirtieth, Tliirty-lii>t, and Tliirty-seiund 
 Congresses as a Detnoerat; minister to Unizil July 
 27, KS.')7, to.lulyil, l.Hlil; died Ajiril L'O, 1S(«. at his 
 liome in Viiyinia. 
 
 Mebaao, Alexander, was lioni at Ihiwlields. 
 N. v.. Novemher L'ti, 1744; deletrate tn tlie State 
 constitutional eonveiition in 177(); luendier of the 
 house of eoMinions of North (^arolina 17S7-17!i"J; 
 elected a Re)iresentative from that State to the 
 Third Couftress; ilied in Orange I'oimtv, N. ('.. 
 July 5, 171»n. 
 
 Medill.William, was horn in Xi'WcastleCounty, 
 Del., in ISll.S; received a lihend education; studied 
 law, and commenced practice in UmcasterConnty, 
 Ohio, in 1,S82; memher of the State legislature; 
 elected a Kepresentative from Ohio to the Twenty- 
 sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses as a Demo- 
 crat; Second Assistant rostmaster-Oeneral in hs-l'i; 
 Indian Commi.-^aioner October 2.H, ],S4ri, to May 2!>, 
 1^^.^0; delejrate to the Ohio constitutioiuil conven- 
 tion of 18."iO; lieutenant-governor of t)hio 18Jil-n2, 
 and governor ltvr)4-.'>'); Kirst Comptroller of the 
 Treasury March 2ti, 1S.')7, to Ajiril 10, ISdl; did at 
 Lanca.ster, ( Hiio, September 2, 18ii5. 
 
 Meech, Bzra, was horn at New London, Conn., 
 July 2t>, I'T'.i: attendt'd the eominon schools; en- 
 gaged in the fur trade in the Northwest and in 
 ship-timber contracts in Canada; moved to Shel- 
 burne, Vt.; State re|iresenlative ISOo-lSO": electeil 
 a Representative from Vermont to the Sixteenth 
 and Nineteenth Congre.-'scs; delegate to the State 
 constitutional convention of 1S22 and 1S2(); chief 
 justice of Chittenden Countv; Presidential elector 
 on the Whig ticket in 1840; died at Shelliurne, 
 Vt., Septendicr 2.!, l.H.-it>. 
 
 Heekison, David, of Naiwleon, Ohio, was horn 
 Novendier 14, 1S4V, at Hundee, Scotland, and 
 emigrated with his parents from that country in 
 1855 to Napoleon, Ohio; attended the common 
 schools until his fourteenth year, and then entered 
 a printing otiice; stmlied law, ami was admitted to 
 the bar in 1873; in I8S1 elected probate judge, 
 and served two terms; in 18,St) establisheil a bank- 
 ing business at Napoleon, Ohio, under the name 
 of Meekison Bank, to which he gave his princijial 
 attention, except that re<|uired bv the duties of 
 mayor of Napoleon, Ohio; elected to the Fifty- 
 tiftii and Fifty-sixth Conpres.«es as a Democrat. 
 
 Heig'S, Henry, was born at Nt'W I.Iaven, Conn., 
 October 2S, 17S2; graduated from Yale College in 
 1798; studied law, anil commenceil practice in New 
 York City; elected a Kepresentative from New 
 York to the Si.vteenth Congress as a Democrat; 
 die.1 at New York City, May 20, 18t>l. 
 
 Meigs, Return Jonathan, waslxirnat Middle- 
 town, Conn., in Novendier, 17l>5; graduated from 
 Yale College in 1785; studied law, and commenced 
 practice at Marietta, Ohio; served in the Indian 
 war; judge of the Ohio supreme court; electe<I a 
 United States Senator from Ohio as a Democrat 
 (vice John Smith, resigned), serving from Janu- 
 ary (), 18(»<I, to his resignation. May 1, 1810; gov- 
 ernor of Ohio 1810-1S14; I'ostmaster-tieneral 
 March 17, 1NI4, to June2ii, 182:1; died at Marietta, 
 Ohiii. March -JU. l.s-.'.",. 
 
 Meiklejohu, George D., of Fullerton, Nebr., 
 was born at \Veyauweg;i, Waupacil County, Wis,, 
 .\ugust 2t), 18."i7; brought upon a farm; eihu'ateil 
 at the .State Normal, ( Islikosh, Wis., and Michigan 
 rniversity, .\nn .Vrbor; primioal of the high 
 school at Weyauwega, Wis., and Liscomb, Iowa; 
 graduated from the law department, .Michigan 
 Cniversity, in I.SHO; located at Fullerton, Nance 
 County, Nebr., in 1880, where he was enpiged 
 in the practice of law; county attorney for 
 Nance County three years; elected to the Semite 
 of the Neliraska legislatnri' in 1884. and reelei-ted 
 in 18,S(i; elected president of the seiuite during his 
 seconil term; elected chairman nf the Ki']iublican 
 State convention in 1H87; elected clmirnuui of the 
 Republican State central connniltee in 1887-8,8; 
 elected lieutenant-governor of Nebraska in b88S, 
 and, by virtue of his ollice ;is lieutenant-governor, 
 was]>residingoHicer of the famous joint convention 
 to canva.ss the election returns of 18!U. when an 
 attempt wa-; made to count out the ticket that was 
 duly electi'd; electeil to the Fifty-third and Fifty- 
 fourth Congre.sse8 as a Kepublican; a|i|xiinted 
 As.sistant Secretary of War in 1897. 
 
 Mellen, Prentiss, was horn at Sterling, Mass., 
 October II, 17ti4; graduated from Harvard Ci>l- 
 lege in 1784; stndieil law and connnenced practiie 
 at Bridgewaler in 1781); moved to Biddeford in 
 17!)2 and from there to Portland; executive ci>un- 
 eilor 1,80,8-!) an<l 1817; trustee of Bowdoin College 
 ]817-18;it); elected a Cniteii States Senator from 
 Jhi.ssachusetts (vice Kli P. .Vshnum, resigne<l), 
 serving from November Hi, 1818. to May 15, 1.S20; 
 resigned on the creation of Maine; chief justice of 
 Maine 1 ,82t)- 1 8;i4 ; died at Portland, Me., Decemlier 
 .31, 1840. 
 
 Mellish, David B., was born at Oxford, M;l?s., 
 
 Jaiuiary 2, I8.'!l; attended the jiublic schools; 
 printer at Worcester: taught .school in Ma.s.sachu- 
 .setts, Maryland, and Pennsylvania; proof reader in 
 New York City; reporter i'or the New York Trib- 
 une; stenographer to the police boani of New 
 York City for ten years; appointed a.ssistant ai>- 
 ])raiser of New York in 1871; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New York to the Forty-third 
 Congress as a Republican; served until his death, 
 at Washington, D. C, May 23. 1874. 
 
 Menifee, Richard H., was a native of Ken- 
 tucky; received an academic eilucation; studied 
 lawandconunenceil practiccat lA-xington; eleited 
 a Hejiresentative from Kentucky to the Twenty- 
 fifth Congress as a Whig; died at Frankfort, Kv.. 
 February 21, 1841. 
 
 Menzies, John W., was born in Fayette 
 County. Ky.. .\pril 12, 1819; graduated from the 
 University of \'irginia in 1.840; studieil law. com- 
 mencing practice at Covington, Ky.. in l.><41; 
 State represt-ntative in 1.848 and 1,855; electeil a 
 Representative from Kentucky to the Thirty- 
 seventh Congress as a Unionist; delegate to the 
 national Democratic convention of 1864. 
 
 Mercer, Charles Fenton, was born at Frvil- 
 eri<-ksburg. \a., June t>. 1778; grailualed from 
 Princeton College in 1797; lieutenant and captain 
 in the U. S. Army I79,8-1.8t)0; stu(h>-<l and prac- 
 ticeil law; visited Van-ope, returning in l.s;i13; Slate 
 representative 1810-1817: brigadier-general in the 
 war of 1812; presiih'iit of theChes;i|H'akeand Ohio 
 Canal Company; electeil a Representative from 
 Vii-ginia to eleven successive Congre-^scs. from the 
 Sixteenth to the Twenty-sixth, inclusive, as a 
 Democrat; visited Kuro|«' agiiin in 18.53; died at 
 Howard, Va., Mav 4, 18.58. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 091 
 
 Mercer, David Henry, nf Omaha, Xebr., was 
 born in Benton County, Iowa, ,Tuly 9, 1857; moved 
 with liis parents to Adams County, 111., the fol- 
 lowing year; at close of the war moved with his 
 parents to Brownville, Nebr., where he attended 
 the puljlic si'hools; entered the Nebraska State 
 University in 1S77 and graduated in 1880; during 
 the summer vacations lie taught school, clerked in 
 a store, worked on a farm, ami edited a newspajier; 
 studied law one year and then entered senior class 
 of the law department of Michigan State Univer- 
 sity, graduating in 1882, after which he returned 
 to Brownville to practice liis profession; served 
 one term as city clerk and police judge; twice 
 elected secretary of the Rejiublican State central 
 committee; moved to Omaha in 1885, and for sev- 
 eral years was chairman of the Kepublican city 
 and county committees; elected secretary of the 
 national Republican Congressional committee in 
 1896, and in 1897-98 was chairman of the Kepub- 
 lican State central committee of Nebraska; elected 
 to the Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty- 
 sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses as a Repub- 
 lican; served six years as chairman connnittee 
 on Public Buildings and (irounds; defeated for 
 reelection to the Fifty-eighth Congress. 
 
 Mercer, James, wa.s born in Hampshire 
 County, Va., in 1747; graduated from AVilliam 
 and Mary College in 1767; active in pre-Revolu- 
 tionary affairs; was on the connnittee of public 
 safety; Delegate from Virginia to the Continental 
 Congress 1779-80; appointed a judge of admiralty i 
 and of the court of ajijieals 1779-80; died in Yir- ] 
 ginia in June, 179:5. 
 
 Mercer, Johii Francis, wa.s born in Stafford 
 County, Va., May 17, 1759; graduated from Wil- 
 liam and Mary College in 1775; Delegate from 
 Virginia to the Continental Congress 1782-1785; 
 moved to Maryland; delegate from IMaryland to 
 the Federal constitutional convention; elected a j 
 Representative from IMaryland to the Second Con- 
 gress (vice William Piukney, resigned); reelected 
 to tlie Third Congress, serving from Feliruary 6, 
 1792, until his resignation April 13, 1794; State 
 representative; governor of ]\Iarvland 1801-1803; 
 died at Philadelphia, Pa., August 30, 1821. 
 
 Mercur, TTlysses, was born at Towanda, Pa., 
 August 12, 1818; graduated from Jefferson College 
 in 1842; studied law, and connnenced practice at 
 Towanda in 1843; delegate to the national Repub- 
 lican convention of 18.56; Presidential elector in 
 1860; president-judge of thethirteenth judicial dis- 
 trict of Pennsylvania from March, 1861, to March 
 4, 1865, resigning; elected a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, Forty- 
 first, and Forty-second Congresses as a Republican, 
 serving until his resignation December 2, 1872; 
 elected justice of the supreme court of Pennsyl- 
 vania in 1872, becoming chief justice in 1883; 
 served until his death, at Wallingford, Pa., June 6, 
 1887. 
 
 Meredith, Elisha E., was born in Sumter 
 County, .\la., December 26, 1848; educated at 
 Ham|iden-Sydney College, Virginia; admitteil to 
 the bar in 1869; prosecuting attorney for Prince 
 William County seventeen years; seVved in the 
 State senate of Virginia from 1883 to 1887; Presi- 
 dential elector in 1888; elected to the Fiftv-second 
 Congress as a Democrat December 9, 1891, to till 
 the vacancy caused by the death of Hon. W. H. F. 
 Lee; reelected to the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth 
 Congresses; after leaving Congress resumed the 
 practice of law; died in 1900. 
 
 Meredith., Samuel, was born at Philadelphia. 
 Pa., in 1740; engaged in mercantile pursuits; mem- 
 ber of the colonial legislature; active in ante- Revo- 
 lutionary affairs; served in the Revolutionary war; 
 friend of Washington; Delegate from Pennsylvania 
 to the Continental Congress 1787-88; United States 
 Treasurer September 11, 1789, to December 1, 1801, 
 when he resigned; died at Belmont, Pa., March 10, 
 1817. 
 
 Meriwether, David, wasborn in Louisa County, 
 Va., October 30, 1800; attended the common schools; 
 engaged in fur trading near Council Bluffs, Iowa; 
 became a farmer in Kentucky; in 1832 elected a 
 State representative and served a number of years, 
 delegate to the state constitutional con\-enti(.in of 
 1849; State secretary of state; a])pointed a United 
 States Senator from Kentucky (vice Henry Clay, 
 deceased), serving from July 6, 18.52, until Septem- 
 ber 1, 1852; governor of New JNIexico May 6, IS.53, 
 to January 5, 1855; died near Louisville, Kv., April 
 4, 1893. 
 
 Meriwether, David, was born in Virginia in 
 1755; received a liberal education; served in the 
 Revolutionary war; located at ^Vilkes County, Ga. ; 
 elected a Representative from Georgia to the 
 Seventh (vice Benjamin Taliaferro, resigned). 
 Eighth, and Ninth Congresses as a Democrat, 
 serving from December 6, 1802 to 1807; appointed 
 a commissioner to the Creek Indians in 1804; 
 Presidential ek^ctor in 1812; died near Athens, 
 Ga., November 16, 1822. 
 
 Meriwether, James, was borninWilkesCounty, 
 Ga. ; attended the common schools; elected "a 
 Representative from Georgia to the Nineteenth 
 Congress. 
 
 Meriwether, James A., of Edenton, Ga., was 
 a native of that State; elected a Representative 
 from ( jeorgia to the Twenty-seventh Congress as a 
 Whig. 
 
 Merriam, Clinton L., was born at Leyden, 
 N. Y., March 25, 1824; received a liberal educa- 
 tion and engaged in mercantile pursuits in north- 
 ern New York; moved to New York City in 1847, 
 becoming an importer and in 1860 entered the 
 banking business; returned to Ijcyden in 1864; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses as a 
 Republican. 
 
 Merrick, William D. , was born at Annapolis, 
 Md., October25, 1793; received a liberal education; 
 held several local offices; elected a United States 
 Senator from Maryland (vice Joseph Kent, de- 
 ceased) as a Whig; reelected, serving from Janu- 
 ary 5, 1838, to March 3, 1845; died at Washington, 
 D. C, February 5, 1857. 
 
 Merrick, William M. , (son of AVilliam D. 
 Merrick), was born in Charles County. Md., Sep- 
 tember I, 1818; studied law at the University of 
 Virginia; was admitted to the bar at Baltimore 
 in 1839, commencing practice at Frederick, Md., 
 in 1844; deputy attorney-general for Frederick 
 County 184.5-18.50; moved toWashington, D. C., in 
 1854; associate justice of the United States circuit 
 court for the District of Columbia 1S54-1863; re- 
 sumed the practice of law in ^laryland; jirofessor 
 of law in Columbian College 1866-67; delegate to 
 the State constitutional convention of 1867; State 
 representative in 1870; elected a Representative 
 from JMaryland to the Forty-second C<ingress as a 
 Democrat; defeated for the Forty-third Congre.ss; 
 appointed supreme court judsf iif the District of 
 
()92 
 
 OONORKSSIONAL DIRKfTOKY. 
 
 (•..limibia in 1S8.">; di.-l at WasliiiiKtcm, D. C'., I 
 I'Vhriiiiry 4, Is.S'.t. ] 
 
 Merrill, Orsamus C, wsf horn in Vermont in 
 177»>; ri'ivivi'il n liU'ral filiiciitii)n; sitiulied law 
 anil |iractioc<l; licl"! M'Vt>ral local ollii-i's; cKM'ted a 
 Ki>pn«'i\tativi> from Nt-rmont as a .lacksfoii Demo- 
 crat to tlu' Kiftccntli and Sixtoentli ( 'oncri'ssec, 
 liiit in tin- Sixti'ciitli ("onuri'Sf liis wat was puc- 
 rcssiiillv ii>ntc.-t«-il liy H. ('. Mallory, who took it 
 .lauuarv H, ISL'O; dit'cl at Hcnnint'toii, \t.. April 
 11, l«(i.^. 
 
 Merriman, Truman Adams, was liorii at An- 
 liiirn. N. Y., S.'iitcniliiM- .'>. ls:!ii; chii'atfd at the 
 Auhnrn Aradcniy and at llnhart ('olUv'c. < ieneva, 
 X. Y., >.'raduatint;in isid ; cntiivd the I'nion Army 
 in Sc|itiinlH'r, ISOI. as caiitain in thi'Nincty-;^i'coiid 
 New York Infantry, and was nnistcrod out in l)e- 
 ci'udHM-, lsti4, as lleutcnant-i'olonel; i^tiidiod law, 
 and was admitted to the liar in IHtiT; entereil the 
 iirofession of journalism in 1871; elected to the 
 Fort v-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses as a Democrat; 
 die.rin l.s<»2. 
 
 Merrimon, Augustus Summerfield, wiis horn 
 in HuniomU' County, N. ('.. Septendier \ri, 1S:«1; 
 atteniled the common schools; studied law, and 
 commenced (iracticein IS'i:.'; was county attorney; 
 member of North Carolina legislature lS(H)-»il; 
 entered the Conl'eilerale army; solicitor of the 
 eii;hth jmlicial district of North Carolina 1S61- 
 ISiio; jndtfe of the superior court ISlilMi", when 
 he resigned; electeil a I'nited States Senator from 
 North Carolina as a Democrat for the term IHT.'i- 
 1879; elected associate judge of the North Carolina 
 supreme court, and from 1889 chief justice until 
 his death at Kaleigh, N. ('., November 14, 1S91>. 
 
 Merritt, Samuel A. , was born at Staunton, Va., 
 August li, ISL'8; attende<l Staunton Academy and 
 graduated from Washington College ,Iune 18, 1848; 
 studied and ^iractice<l law; moved to California; 
 i-nunty clerk m IS.'il); State re])rescntative 18.51-52 
 and Stale si-nator 1857-18112; nioveil to Tilaho; 
 ele<-ted a Delegate from that Territory to the Forty- 
 seconil Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Marvin, Orang'e, was a native of Litchfield, 
 ( ■•nil. ; received a litn'ral edui'ation; located at New 
 Milforil; elected a Kepresentative from Connecti- 
 cut to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses. 
 
 Mesick, William Smith, of Mancelona, .Vntrim 
 ('■lunty, Mich., was born .\ngnst 2(i, l.H.5t), at New- 
 ark, Wayne County, N. Y.; educated in the com- 
 mon scIkioIs and at Kalamazoo (Mich.) Busiue.ss 
 College anil the rniversityol Michigan; admitted 
 to the bar in 1881; held ihe othce of i>rosecuting 
 attorney of Antrim County, Mich., for one term; 
 elei-teil to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth Congresses 
 as a l{epnbliian. 
 
 Metcalf. Arunah, was a native of New York; 
 attended the public schools; located at Ot.sego; 
 elected a Hepri'Sentative from New York to the 
 Twelfth Congress as a Demo<Tat; State repres<.>nt- 
 ative in I8l4-181il and in 1.828. 
 
 Metcalf, Victor Howard, of Oakland, Cal., 
 was born at I'tica, Oneida (dinity, N. Y., OcIoIht 
 10, 18.5:i; graduated from the I'tica Free .\cademy, 
 also from Knssell's Military Academy, New Haven, 
 Conn., and then entered the cla.ss of I87ii, Yale; 
 left the academic dOiiartment of Yale in his jmiior 
 year and entereil tlie Yale Ijiw School, gradu- 
 ating therefrom in I87ti; admitted to iiractice in 
 the supreme court of Connecticut in June, 187»i, 
 and in the supreme court of New York in 1877; 
 practiced law in I'tica, N. Y'.. for two years, and 
 
 then moved to California, locating in Oakland; 
 formed a law iwirtnership in 1881 with George D. 
 Metcalf, miller the firm name of Metcalf ik Met<'alf; 
 elected to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty- 
 eighth Congresses. 
 
 Metcalfe, Henry B., was born at Allxany, 
 N. Y., ,Iamiary 2il, 1805; move<l in 1811 to New- 
 York City; moved to Hichmond County in 181(5; 
 studied law and commenced praitice at New York 
 Citv in b82(); county attorney of Kichmond County 
 182"i)-1.8:i2; county' ju<lge l'840-41, when he re- 
 signeil; in the revenue department 184I-184:J; 
 conulv judge 1847-1875; elei-ted a Kepre.sentative 
 from S'ew York to the Forty-fourth CongreRS as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Metcalfe, Lyne S., was born at Madisonville, 
 Ky., .\pril 21, 1822; attended thecommon schools, 
 Shurtleff and Illinois colleges; engaged in mer- 
 cantile business at Alton, III., in 1844; alderman 
 and mayor; served in the Cnion Army; moveil to 
 St. I-ouisin bStiH; engaged in mainifacturing; servtHl 
 in the city council; elected a Representative from 
 -Miasouri to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Ke- 
 publican. 
 
 Metcalfe, Thomas, was born in Fauquier 
 County, Va.. March 20, 17.80; mov'.il to Fayette 
 County, Ky.; attended the common schtiols; 
 learned Ihe ma.son's trade; served in the war of 
 1812; State re]ire.sentative forseveral years; elected 
 a Kepre.sentative from Kentucky to the Sixteenth, 
 Seventeenth, Fighteenth, Nineteenth, ami Twen- 
 tieth Congre.-ses as a Clay Democrat, resigning 
 ,Iinie 1, 1828; governor of Kentucky 1829-l.s:{3; 
 State senator 1834; jiresident of the board of in- 
 ternal improvement 1840; appointed a United 
 States Senator from Kentucky ( vice John J. Crit- 
 tenden, resigned), serving from July :!, 1848, to 
 March 3, 1849; died in Nicholas County, Ky., 
 August 18, 18.55. 
 
 Meyer, Adolph, of New Orleans, I^., was bom 
 October 19, 1,842; student at the University of 
 Virginia tnitil 1.802, during which year he entered 
 the Confederate armv ami served till the close of 
 the war on the staff of Brig. lien. John S. Williams, 
 of Kentncky; at the close of the war returned to 
 Louisiana ami engageil largely in the culture of cot- 
 ton and sugar; also engaged in merchandising and 
 banking in the city of New Orleans; elected colo- 
 nel in 1879 of the First Regiment of Ixuisiana 
 State National Guard, and in 1881 was a[>pointetl 
 brigadier-general to command the tirst brigade, 
 embracing all the imiformed corjw of the i^tate. 
 which position he still holds; idected to the Fifty- 
 second, Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty- 
 sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Meyers, Benjamin F. , was born near New 
 Centerville. I'a., July (i, 18:{;i; attended the Somer- 
 set ami Jefferson colleges; studied law aiul com- 
 menced practice in 18,55; member of the State 
 legislature in 18tU; delegate to the Democratic 
 national convention of 18(14; editor of the He<l- 
 ford (iazelte and in 1.808 of the llarrislmrg Daily 
 Patriot; elected a Representative from I'ennsyl- 
 vania to the Forty-second Congress asa Democrat; 
 defeated for the Forty-third Congress. 
 
 Mickey, J. Ross, of Macomb, McDonongh 
 Countv, 111., was born January 5, 18.50, in Kldo- 
 rado 'fownship, in said county, and reared on the 
 farm; educated in the public si-hools and at Lin- 
 coln University; engaged in the profes.sion of 
 teacher of public s<-hools for a number of years; 
 read law with Judge William Prentiss and Hon. 
 
BIOGEAPHIES. 
 
 693 
 
 Jacob L. Baily, of IMacomb; admitted to the liar 
 in 1889; engaged in the practice of the law until 
 the fall of 1898, when he was elected judge of the 
 county and jjrobate court of his native county for 
 a term of four years, being the only Democrat 
 elected, the county being 500 Republican; which 
 said office he resigned February 22, 1901, haying 
 been elected to the Fifty-seventh Congress as a 
 Democrat; declined a renomination to the Fifty- 
 eighth Congress. 
 
 Middleswarth, Ner, was born in New Jerse}' 
 about 1780; received a liberal education; moved 
 to Beavertown, Pa. ; elected a Rejiresentative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Thirty-third Congress as a 
 Whig; died at Beavertown, Pa., June 2, ISIin. 
 
 Middleton, Arthur (son of Henry !Middleton 
 and father of Henry Middleton ) , was born near the 
 Ashley River, South Carolina, June 26, 1742; grad- 
 uated from Cambridge University (England) in 
 1764; became a planter in 1773; one of the Council 
 of Safety in 1775 and delegate to form a State con- 
 stitution in 1776; Delegate to the Continental Con- 
 gress from South Carolina 1776-1 778 and 1781-1783; 
 served inthe Revolutionary army; held a prisoner 
 by the British 1780-81 ; publisher of several political 
 essays; died at Goose Creek, S. C, January 1, 1787. 
 
 Middleton, George, was born at Philadelphia, 
 Pa., October 14, 1811; moved to Burlington, X. J.; 
 attended the public schools; became a tanner; 
 moved to Allen town; after holding several local 
 offices he became a State representative; elected a 
 Representative from New Jersey to the Thirty- 
 eighth Congress as a Democrat; defeated for tte 
 Thirty-ninth Congress. 
 
 Middleton, Henry (father of Arthur Middle- 
 ton), was born in South Carolina in 1717; Delegate 
 from that State to the Continental Congress 1774- 
 1776; died at Charleston, S. C. , June 13, 1784. 
 
 Middleton, Henry (son of Arthur Middleton), 
 was born at Middleton Place, S. C, in 1771 ; received 
 a classical e<lucation; State representative 1801- 
 1810; governor 1810-1812; elected a Representative 
 from South Carolina to the Fourteenth ami Fif- 
 teenth Congresses; minister to Russia, Aiiril 6, 
 1820, to August 3, 18.30; died at Charleston, K. ('., 
 June 14, 1846. 
 
 Miers, Robert W. , of Bloomington, Ind., was 
 born in Decatur County, Ind., January 27, 1848; 
 graduate of both the literary and the law depart- 
 ment of Indiana University; commenced the prac- 
 tice of law at Bloomington, Ind., in April, 1872; 
 elected prosecuting attorney for the tenth judicial 
 circuit of Indiana in 1875 and reelected in 1877: 
 elected to the house of representatives of the In- 
 diana legislature in 1879; trustee of the Indiana 
 University from 1881 to 1893; appointed judge of 
 the tenth judicial circuit of Indiana in 1883 to fill 
 an unexpiied term; elected judge of the same cir- 
 cuit in 1890 and served as judge until September, 
 1896, when he resigned and accepted the nomina- 
 tion of the DemoiTatic Congressional convention 
 for the Second district of Indiana; elected to the 
 Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty- 
 eighth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Mifflin, Thomas, was born at Philadelphia, 
 Pa., in 17-f4; attended Philadelphia College; visited 
 Europe in 1765; returned and engaged in business; 
 memberof thecolonial legislature in 1772-73; Dele- 
 gate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Con- 
 gress 1774-1776 and 1782-1784; served with dis- 
 tinction in the Revolution as major, reaching the 
 rank of major-general February 19, 1777; opposed 
 
 A\'ashington toward the last of the struggle; speak- 
 er of the State house of representatives in 1785; 
 delegate to the Federal constitutional convention 
 of 1787; president of the supreme executive coun- 
 cil of Pennsylvania, October, 1788, to Octoljer, 
 1790; president of tiie State constiutional conven- 
 tion of 1790; governor of Pennsylvania 1791-1800; 
 died at Lancaster, Pa., January 20, 1800. 
 
 Miles, Frederick, was born at Goshen, Litch- 
 field County, Conn., December 19, 1815; received 
 a common school and academic education; engaged 
 in mercantile pursuits at Goshen until 1857; moved 
 to Chapinville, in Salisbury, in 18.58, and engaged 
 in the manufacture of iron; elected in Novendjer, 
 1877, to the State senate of Connecticut fiir two 
 years, and resigned in February, 1879, having been 
 elected to the Forty-sixth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican; reelected to the Forty-seventh Congress; 
 declined nomination for reelection; elected to the 
 Fifty-tirst Congress; died November 20, 1896. 
 
 Miles, Joshua "Weldon, of Princess Anne, Md., 
 was born on his father's farm on the Great Aiina- 
 messex River, in Somerset County, Md., December 
 9, 1858; studied in early youth at a private school 
 and also at the Marion Academ}-, a public high 
 school at i\Iarion, in said county, both of which 
 institutions were conducted by Benjamin F. 
 Haynes, a well-known Maryland educator; gradu- 
 ated from Western Maryland College in 1878; began 
 the study of law with Hon. Charles B. Roberts at 
 AVestmin.ster in the summer of 1878; pursued his 
 studies for a while at the ^laryland University 
 Law School and afterwards in the office of Dennis 
 & Brattan, at IVineess Anne; admitted to the bar 
 in July, 1.880; elected State attorney of Somerset 
 County in 1883; defeated for reelection; formed a 
 a partnership with Hon. Henry Page, a member 
 of the Fifty-seciind Congress, in January, 1888, 
 whicli continued until the appointment of that 
 gentleman to a seat uiion the bench of the court 
 of appeals of Maryland ; elected to the Fifty-fourth 
 Congress as a Democrat; resumed the practice of 
 law after leaving Congress. 
 
 Miles, Nathaniel, was elected a Representative 
 from Vermont ti i the Secontl and Third Congresses. 
 
 Miles, W. Porcher, was born at Charleston, 
 
 S. C, in July, 1828; graduated from Charleston 
 College; studied law and practiced; mayor of 
 Charleston 1856-57; electeil a Representative from 
 South Carolina to the Thirty-fifth and Thiity- 
 sixth Congresses as a State " Rights Democrat, 
 serving until the secession of South Carolina; was 
 a Representative from South Carolina to the Con- 
 federate provisional cfingress; died in 1899. 
 
 Millard, Joseph Hopkins, of Omaha, Nebr., 
 was born at Hamilton, (Canada, April, 1836, the 
 son of natives of the United States temporarily 
 residing abroad; in childhood moved with his 
 parents to Iowa, near Sabula, Jackson Ci;unty, 
 and at 18 entered a store in Dubuque as clerk; two 
 yeai-s later moved to Omaha; engaged in the land 
 business ami later in banking, becoming a director 
 of the Omaha National Bank'in July, 1866, and on 
 January 1, 1867, its president anci cashier, still 
 retaining his place at the head of the in.stitution; 
 served one tei-m as mayor of Omaha; for six years 
 a Government director of the Union Pacific Rail- 
 road Comjiany, and subsequently served the stock- 
 holders of the cora]>any as one of their represent- 
 atives on the board for a period of seven vears; 
 elected to the United States Senate as a Repub- 
 lican March 28, 1901, and took his seat December 
 2, 1901. 
 
(;j)4 
 
 CONOKKSSIONAI, DIRKCTC^RY. 
 
 Millard, Stephen C, «>1 IliiiKliaiiitoii, X. Y., 
 WiirJ lioru 111 Stiiinlonl, \'t., .latumry 1-1, 1H41; v<h\- 
 laliil at Williams ('(>lli>;;c, Ma.-^s.,' (.'railimtiiiK in 
 till- ilasM of 1,H(W); rcail law at llarvanl Ijiw School 
 ami in tin- oHice of l'iii;.'iro I'c I'.aUiT, I'ittslield, 
 Mass., an<lH<linittf<l to tin- liar of the State of New 
 York in May, ISiiT, at liinfihatnton; chairman 
 Ml the He|iiiiplicaii comity committee lS72-187!t; 
 eli'cteil tollie I'orty-eiuhth Coii^TesH as a Kejinl)- 
 licaii; reelected to tiie Torly-niiith (.'onj.'ress; after 
 the ilose of his term in ('(ingress he returned to 
 Hinjihamton, N. Y., and enjjafieil in the practice 
 of his profession. 
 
 Milledge, John, was horn at Savannah, (ia.. 
 in I7"i7; served in the Kcvohitionary strnpjjle; 
 attoriiey-;;eneral of I ieorfiiain 17St); elected a Kep- 
 resentaiive from tieorfjia to tlie Second Congres.s 
 (vice Anthony Wayne, whose peat was declared 
 vacant \ serving; froin Novemherl'l', 17ilL', to March 
 L', 17!t:i; eleeteil to the Konrth, Fifth, and Seventh 
 t'on^'re.s.ses, resitinin;.' in May, 1S(I2; governor ISOL'- 
 KSOti; electeda fnitcil States Senator from (Jeorgia 
 (vice .Tames .lackson, deceased), serviiifj; from l)e- 
 i-endK-r II, l.sOti, until hi.s resignation in 1809; 
 die.l at .Sind Hill, (ia., Fehruary 9, 1818. 
 
 miller, Daniel F. , was born in Allegany 
 (ountv. Md., ( )ctoher4, 1814; received an academic 
 education; studied law at Pittslinrg, I'a., com- 
 mencing ]iractieein ISHU in Iowa; Territorial rep- 
 resentative; as a Whig candidate <'ontested the 
 retnrneil election of William II. Thom|)son as a 
 Keiiresentative from Iowa to the Thirty-lirst Con- 
 ijress and the seat wa.s <leclared vacant; at a snb- 
 se<iuent election was elected to the Thirty-tirst 
 Congress, serving from December 20, ISM), to 
 March H, bs.'jl; Presidential elector on the Repub- 
 lican ticket of 18.56. 
 
 Killer, Daniel H., wasanativeof riiiladelphia, 
 I'a.: elected a Uepresi'iitative from I'ennsyivaiiia 
 to the I'.ighteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, and 
 Twentv-lirst Congre.s.ses as a Jackson Democrat; 
 died at" I'hilailelphia, I'a., 1846. 
 
 Miller, George F., was born at Chillisqnaqiie, 
 Pa.. September 5, ISiill; received an acailemicedu- 
 catitin; studied law and practiceil; .Secretary of 
 the l.ewisburg I'niversity 1848-1864; elected a 
 Representative from reiinsylvania to the Thirty- 
 ninth an<l Fortieth Congresses a,s a Kepulilican. 
 
 Miller, Homer M. V., was borit in Pendleton 
 County, S. ('., April •_'!», 1814; elected tothe I'nited 
 States Senate in 1871; Congress jiassed a special 
 form of oath to be taken by him; took his seat 
 Fehruarv 24, 1871, serving until March 'A, 1871; 
 died in 1896. 
 
 Miller, Jacob W. , Wits born in Morris County, 
 N. .1., in 180(1; received an academic education; 
 studied law and connnenced iiractice at Morris- 
 town; twice elected a I'liited States Senator from 
 New .Jersey as a Whig, serving from 1841 to 18o;S; 
 die<l at .Morristowii, N. J., Septemlx-r 30, 1862. 
 
 Miller, James Francis, of Cionzales, Tex., was 
 h..rn In Ti-nnessee August 1, 18.'i2; reeeiveil a 
 ilassical e<lncation in a jirivate school; by profes- 
 sion a lawyer; also engiiged in banking and stock 
 raising; never held any civil or politiial olliie and 
 never a candidate for any until elected to the Forty- 
 eighth Coligress as a Democrat; reele<'ted tothe 
 Forty-ninth Congn-ss; after leaving Congress 
 tieeanie engaged in the banking business in Uon- 
 zales. Te.K. 
 
 Miller, James Monroe, of Couneil (irove, 
 Kans., was horn at Three Springs, Muntingdoii 
 
 County, Pa.; ediu-atcd at Dickinson Seminary. 
 Williamsport, Pa.; lawyer; elected county attor- 
 ney of Morris ('<iuiity, Kans., in 1880 for a term 
 of two years, and reelected in lS84and 1886; elected 
 a menilHTof the Kansas legislature in 1894, and 
 also a Republican Presidential elector fipr Kansas 
 in 1884; eleeteil tothe Fifty-sixth and Fifty-.seventh 
 ( 'oiigresses as a Kepublican. 
 
 Miller, Jesse (father of William H. .Miller), 
 wasa native of Landishurg, Pa.; attended the com- 
 mon schools; stuilicd law and jiractieed; elected a 
 Representative! from Pennsylvania to the Twenty- 
 third and Twi'nty-l'ourth Congresses as a .lackson 
 Democrat, resigning October .SO, I8:iti; Auditor of 
 the United States Treasury November 18, 18;{6, to 
 .lune 17, 1842; canal connnissionerof Peiuisvlvania 
 l.H4.")-16; State sei-retary of state 1846-1848; died 
 at llarrisburg, Pa., August 20, 18.50. 
 
 Miller, John, was born at Amenia, N. Y., 
 Novend)er 10, 1774; reeeive<l a liberal education; 
 studied medicine at the I'niversity of Penn.syl- 
 vaiiia; commenceil practice at Truxton, N. \.; 
 ]>ostmaster lSO.5-182.5; State representative in 1817, 
 1820, and 184.5; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Nineteenth Congress; delegate to the 
 State constitutional convention of 1846; dieil at 
 Truxton, N. Y., March .5, 1862. 
 
 Miller, John, was born in Steubenville, Ohio, 
 in 1780; attendecl the public .schools; served in the 
 war of 1812; moved to .Mi.s.souri; governor 1826- 
 1832; elected a Reiire.si^ntative from .Mis.souri to 
 the Twenty-tilth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty- 
 seventh Congresses as a Van liuren Democrat; 
 died near Florisant, Mo., March 18, 1846. 
 
 Miller, John F., was born at South Bend, Ind.. 
 Xovemlier21, 1831; received an academic educa 
 tion at South Heml, and fitted for college at Chi- 
 cago, but did not enter; commenced the study of 
 law in 1849, and graduate<l from the New 1 ork 
 State Law School in 18.52; eomnu'iiced ]>ractice at 
 South Bend; soon went to California, where he 
 ])ra(ticed law for three years, when he returne<l 
 to Indiana and resumed practice there; member 
 of theState senate in 1S60, but resigned toenterthe 
 Army as colonel of theTwenty-ninth Indiana Vol- 
 unteers, and placed in coiimiand of a brigade, serv- 
 ing mider Sherman, Buell, Ko.sccrans, and Thomas, 
 ami receiving severe woundsin the battles of Stone 
 River and Liberty (iap; promoted to brigadier- 
 general; in the battle of Nashville comniandetl 
 the left division of 8,000 men, and hrevetted a 
 major-general for conspicuous bravery; offerinl a 
 high eommission in the Regular Army at the close 
 of the war, but declined it; relmned toCalifornia; 
 collector of the port of ,San Franei.sco four years, 
 declining a reappointment; Republican candidate 
 for Presidential elector in 1872, 1876, and 1880; 
 ineml)er of the California State constitutional con- 
 vention in 1879; elected tothe I'nited Slates Isen- 
 ate as a Kepublican to succeed Newton Booth, 
 .\ntimono]iolist, and took his seat March 4, 1881, 
 serving until his death, at Washington, I). C., 
 March 8, 1886. 
 
 Miller, John G. , was born in Kentucky Octo- 
 ber 4, 1812; attende<I the comnmn schools: movinl 
 to Boonville, Mo., in 1,8:!.5; .^tate representative 
 in 1840; elected a Repre.s«'ntative from Missouri to 
 theThirly-s«>cond, Thirty-third, and Thirtv-fourth 
 Congre.s.ses as a Whig, serving until his iteatli, in 
 Saline Comity, Mo., May 11, 18.56. 
 
 Miller, John K., wasa native of Ohio; atteniled 
 I the puhlicsi-hools; lix^ated at .Mount Vernon. Ohio; 
 ! eleete<l a Repre.sentative from that State to the 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 (595 
 
 Thirtieth and Tliirty-tirst Congresses as a Dem- 
 ocrat. 
 
 Miller, Joseph, was a native of Ohio; attended 
 sciiool at Oliillicotlie; elected a Representative 
 from Ohio to the Thirty-tifth Congress as a Dem- 
 ocrat; defeated for the Thirty-sixth Congress; 
 appointed United States districtjudge for Nebraska 
 Territory. 
 
 Miller, Killian, was born at Claverack, X. Y., 
 July 30, 1785; received an academic education; 
 studied law, and commenced practice in 1806 at 
 Livingston, N. Y. ; State representative in 1825 and 
 1828; moved to Hudson in 1833; county clerk 
 1837-1840; elected a Representative from New York 
 to tlie Thirty-fciurth Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Miller, Lucas M., of Oshkosh, Wis., was born 
 at Laviadia, Greece, in 1824; emigrated to the 
 United States and located at Montpelier, Vt., where 
 he attended the public schools; moved to Wiscon- 
 sin in 1846; member of the Wisconsin legislature 
 in 1853; elected a Representative from Wisconsin 
 to the Fifty-second Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Miller, Morris S., was born in 1779; located 
 at Utica, N. Y.; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Thirteenth Congress as a Feder- 
 alist; State commissioner to the Seneca Indians 
 1S19; Oneida County judge; died at Utica, N. Y., 
 November 15, 1824. 
 
 Miller, Nathan, was born in Rhode Island 
 about 1750; brigadier-general of militia; DeU'iratc 
 from Rhode Island to the Continental Congress 
 1785-86; died in Rhode Island in 1787. 
 
 Miller, Orrin L., of Kansas City, Kans. ; was 
 born at Newburg, Me., January 11, 1856; studied 
 law, and admitted to practice at Bangor, IMe., 
 in 1880; moved to Kansas in November of that 
 year and located at Kansas City, where he en- 
 gaged in the practice of law; appointed district 
 judge for the twenty-ninth judicial di.strict of 
 Kansas in March, 1887, and elected to that office 
 for four years in November (jf the same year; re- 
 signed in 1891 to resume the practice of law; 
 elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican; resumed the )iractice of law after leaving 
 Congress. 
 
 Miller, Pleasant M., was elected a Represent- 
 ative from Tennessee to the Eleventh Congress. 
 
 Miller, Eutger B., was a native of New York; 
 elected a Representative from that State to the 
 Twenty-fourth Congress (vice Sanmel Beardsley, 
 resigned), serving from December 5, 1836, to March 
 3, 1837; died at Utica, N. Y., November 13, 1877. 
 
 Miller, Samuel F. , was born at Franklin, N. Y., 
 !May 27, 1827; gi-aduated from Hanjilton College 
 in 1852; studied law, and admitted to the bar in 
 1853; engaged in farming and lumbering; State 
 representative in 1854; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Thirty-eighth and Forty- 
 fourth Congresses a.s a Republican; member of the 
 State constitutional convention of 1867; district 
 collector of internal revenue 1869-1873; on the 
 State board of charities 1869-1877; died at Frank- 
 lin, N. Y., :Marcli 16, 1892. 
 
 Miller, Samuel H., of Mercer, Pa., was born 
 at Cool Spring, MercerCounty, Pa., April 19, 1840; 
 prepared for college in the common schools by 
 James Hannavan; graduated from Westminster 
 College in 1860; taught school in the winter of 
 1860-61 in Madison County, Ky.; edited and pub- 
 lished the Mercer Dispatch, a Republican journal, 
 1861-1870; admitted to the bar at Mercer in 1870, 
 
 where he practiced; elected to the Forty-seventh 
 Congress as a Republican; reelected to the Forty- 
 eighth Congress; elected president-judge of the 
 several courts of Mercer County, Pa., in 1894, for 
 ten years. 
 
 Miller, Smith, was a native of North Carolina; 
 moved to Patoka, Ind. ; received a limited educa- 
 tion; engaged in farming; State representative; 
 elected a Representative from Indiana to the 
 Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Miller, Stephen Decatur, was born at Wax- 
 haw Settlement of the Lancaster District, S. C, 
 May 8, 1787; graduated from South Carolina Col- 
 lege in 1808; studied law, and in 1811 commenced 
 practice at Sumterville; elected a Representative 
 from South Carolina to the Fourteenth (\-ice 
 William Mayrant, resigned) and Fifteenth Con- 
 gresses as an anti-Calhoun Democrat, serving from 
 January 2, 1817, to March 3, 1819; State senator 
 1822-1828; governor 1828-1830; elected a United 
 States Senator from South Carolina as a Nullifier, 
 serving from 1831 to his resignation March 2, 1833; 
 delegate to the nullification convention of 1830 and 
 1832; engaged in cotton planting in Mississippi in 
 1835; died at Raymond, Miss., March 8, 1838. 
 
 Miller, Thomas E., of Beaufort, S. C, was 
 born in Beaufort County, S. C, at Ferry bee^^lle,■ 
 June 17, 1849; attended the free public school for 
 negro youths up to the breaking out of the war; 
 graduated from Lincoln L'niversity, in Pennsylva- 
 nia, in 1872; read law, and admitted to the supreme 
 court in 1875; elected school commissioner of his 
 native county in 1872; elected to the lower house of 
 the South Carolina legislature in 1874, 1876, and 
 1878, and to the State senate in 1880; returned to 
 the lower house in 1886; served as a member of the 
 State executive committee for over ten years, and 
 chairman of the said ci>mmittee for two years; 
 nominated by his party for lieutenant-goveriior of 
 South Carolina in 1878, but on account of the 
 riotous actions of the Democratic party in the State 
 during the campaign of said year the ticket was 
 withdrawn; nominated by the Rei>ublicans in 
 1888 and elected to the Fifty-first Congress, but 
 counted out Ity the Democratic returning lioards; 
 contested the seat of Col. William Klliott, to whom 
 was given the certificate of election, and seated by 
 a vote of the House; elected president of the State 
 Colored College at Orangeburg, S. C, in 1896. 
 
 Miller, Warner, of Herkimer, N. Y., was born 
 in Oswego County, N. Y., August 12, 1838; grad- 
 uated from I'nidU College in 1860; commenced 
 teaching in the Fort Edward Collegiate Institute, 
 but on the l)reaking out of the war enlisted as pri- 
 vate in the Fifth New York Cavalry; served in 
 the Shenandoah Valley; promoted to be sergeant- 
 major and lieutenant; taken prisoner at the 
 liattle of Winchester; engaged in the manufacture 
 of paper, and farming; delegate to the national 
 convention at Philadelphia in 1872; elected to the 
 New York legislature in 1874, and also in 1875; 
 elected to the Forty-sixth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican; reelected to the Forty -seventh Congress; 
 elected to the United States Senate as a Repub- 
 lican, July 16, 1881, in the place of Thomas C. 
 Piatt, resigned, and took his seat October 11, 1881; 
 served until March 3, 1887. 
 
 Miller, Warren, of Jackson, W. Ya., was born 
 in ]\Ieigs County, Ohio, April 2, 1847; went to 
 Virginia (now West Virginia) about 1850; raised 
 on a farm; attended subscription schools a few 
 months; attended the Ohio University, at Athens, 
 
fi96 
 
 rONORESSIONAL DIRKCTORV, 
 
 iilxuit lliriH' years; tiiujilit pcliool; ^'tllllil•(l law, ami 
 ailinittoil t(i the liar in 1K71; wrvi'il as asMintant 
 proseciitinj; attdnu'v of Jackson ('ounty one torm 
 ami as jtrosi'outinn attorney ci^lit years from Jan- 
 uary 1, IKSl; tlelcj^ali^ at larne to the Kepiibliean 
 national eonvention at Chieano in 18S4 and sup- 
 porteil iMr. HIaine for I'resident on every Fallot; 
 inenilier of the West Vir^;inia lev;islatine in IHilO- 
 ISiU; eamlidate on the Stale ticket for supreme 
 juilt;e in 1S'.(2 anil reeeiveil the vote of lioth 
 Rep\il)licaiis anil Democrats; lacked, accordini; to 
 the Democratic count, only (to votes of a majority 
 in the Slate, although he reeeiveil more votes 
 than the t'leveland electors; elected to the Fifty- 
 fonrtli Congress as a Kepubliean; reelected to the 
 Fifty-tiflh ("on^jreai. 
 
 Miller, William H. (son of .lesse Miller), was 
 l»ru in Percy County, I'a., January 29, 1.S2S; 
 (fraduated from Marshall College; Slate supreme 
 court clerk lMo4-lSti:{; elected a Heprescntative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-ei;.'htli ('nnj.'ress 
 as a Democrat; defeated fur the Thirty-ninth 
 Congress; died at Harrisburg, Pa., Sejiteniber IL', 
 1870. 
 
 KCiller, William S., was a native of New 
 York City: elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Twentv-ninth Congress; died at 
 New York City Novemter 9, 1854. 
 
 lllilli§:an, John J., was born in Cecil County, 
 Md., December 10, IT'Jo; attended Princeton 
 College; studied law, commencing practice in 
 Newcastle County. Del., in 1818; elected a 
 Representative from Delaware to the Twenty- 
 second, Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth. and Twenty- 
 fillh Congresses as a Whig; appointed judge of 
 the State suf)erior I'ourt in 18.S9. 
 
 Milliken, Charles W. , was born in (i raves 
 County. Ky., .\uj;usl l.'i, ISL'7; moveil to Simpson 
 County in ISl!!*; studied and |iracticeil law; county 
 attornev for live years; ConMunnweallh attorney 
 of the {ourth judicial district of Kentucky lS(i7 to 
 February 24,1872, resigning; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Kentucky to the Forty-third and Forty- 
 fourth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Milliken, Seth L. , of Belfast, Me., was born 
 at Montville, Me.; educated at Union College, 
 New York; lawyer by ])rofession; member of the 
 Maine legislature two terms; clerk of the supreme 
 judicial court; delegate to the Republican national 
 convention at Cincinnati in 187t>; elector of Pres- 
 ident the same year; elected to the Forty-eighth 
 Congress as Congre.«sman at large from Maine as a 
 Repul>li<an; reelected to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, 
 Fifty-first, Fifty-second, Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, 
 and Fifty-fifth Congresses; died April 18,1897. 
 
 Mills, Daniel W., of Chiciigo, 111., wa« liornon 
 a farm near Waynesville, Warren County, Ohio. 
 February 2.i, 1S.S8; worked for neighboring farm- 
 ers during summers and atlcnded the common 
 schools of Rayesvillcf and later the Waynesville 
 high school; at the age of 18 secured employment 
 in a mercantile establishment, and in 18.i!l en- 
 gsiged in the mercantile, grain-shipping, and jHirk- 
 packing Imsiness on his own account at Corwin, 
 Ohio; served in the Army as captain of Company 
 D, One hundred and eightieth Ohio Volunteers, 
 and continued in active s«'rvice until the close of 
 the war; in thcspringof 18tit)went to Chicago and, 
 as owner of a ves.sel. engatred in lake shipping for 
 three years; made large investments in real e.state. 
 which yieldt^l j)riilitable returns; .served a-s warden 
 of the" Cook Countv Hospital 1877-1881; twiie 
 
 elected alderman of his ward; elected to the Fifty- 
 fifth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Mills, Elijah Hunt, was born at Che.atorfield, 
 ^lass., J>eci-riilKT 1, 177t>; graduated fniin Williams 
 College in 17H7; studied law, commencing practice 
 at Nortbami)ton; elected a Representative from 
 Ma.-isachnsetts to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth 
 Congres.<es as a Federalist; elected a fnited States 
 Setiator from Ma.>Js;uhusett.s (vice Prentiss Mellen, 
 resigned), and reeleeteil, serving from December 
 1, 1820, to March 3, 1827; died at Northampton, 
 Mass., May 5, 1829. 
 
 Mills, Roger Q,., of Corsicana, Tex., studied 
 and practiced law; elected to the Forty-third, 
 Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, " Fortv- 
 sevenlh. Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty- 
 first, and Fiftv-.second Congre.s.ses as a Demncrat; 
 resigned .March 29, 1892, to succeed Horace Chilton 
 asa I'nited Slates Senator, serving from March 30, 
 1892, until :\Iarch 3, 1.S99. 
 
 Millson, John S., was bom at Norfolk, Va., 
 October 1, 1808; received a liberal education; stud- 
 ied law and commenced practice at Norfolk. Va. ; 
 Presidential elector in 1S44 and 1848; elected a 
 liejire.sentative from Virginia to the Thirtv-first, 
 Thirty-second, Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, thirty- 
 fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congres.ses asa Democrat; 
 died at Norfolk," Va., February 2«, 1873. 
 
 Millward, William, was a native of Philadel- 
 jihia. Pa.; attended the jiublic schools; elected a 
 Representative from Pennsylvania to tlie Thirty- 
 fourth and Thirtv-sixth Congressesas a Whig; de- 
 feated as the I'nlon candidate for the Thirty-tifth 
 ('ongress. 
 
 Milnes, Alfred, of Coldwater, ^lich., was born 
 at Bradford, Yorkshire, Isngland, May 28, 1.S44; 
 came with his father's family to the T'nited States 
 in 18.')4; settled at Newton, towa; lived there two 
 years, then moved to Coldwater. Mich.; edu- 
 cated in the conmion schools of I'tah. Iowa, and 
 Mi<'higan; enlisted as a private in the Seventeenth 
 Michigan Infantry, the "Old Stonewall Regi- 
 ment," .lune 30, 1862, and served through to the 
 end of the war; engaged with his regiment in every 
 baltlein which it took ))art, from South Mountain. 
 Maryland, in 18ti2, to l>ee"s surrenderat Appomat- 
 tox, in .\pril, 18(i.i; served the city of ( 'oldwater as 
 alderman for one term and as mayor for two terms; 
 electeil to the State senate in ISSS and reelected 
 in 1890; at the close of the war came home and 
 engiiged in the mercantile business; elected 
 lieutenant-governor of Michigan in 1894, and pre- 
 sided over the State .senate until the close of the 
 session, June 1, 189.5, when he resigned, havinu' 
 been elected to the Fifty-fourth (\)ngre.ss as a Re- 
 publican to fill the vacancy cau.-H^d by the election 
 of the Hon. J. C. Burrows to the I'nited States 
 Senate; ap|iointed postmaster at Coldwater by 
 President SicKiuley. 
 
 Milnes, William, jr., was bom at Yorkshire, 
 England. Decembers, 1827; his family emigrateil 
 to Pottsville. Pa., in 1829: received a liber.d edu- 
 cation; entered machinist's trade: en^raged in 
 mining and shipping coal; moved to N'irginia in 
 18I).t; engagetl in the iron business; elected a Rei>- 
 resentative from Virginia to the Forlv-lirst Con- 
 gress as a C^onservative, serving from Januarv 27, 
 1870, to March 3, 1871. 
 
 Milnor, James, was bom at Philadelphia, Pa., 
 June 20, 1773; graduated from the University of 
 Pennsylvania; studied law and commenced pnie- 
 tieeat Philailelphia in 1794; elected a Representa- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 697 
 
 tive from Pennsylvania to the Twelfth Congress; 
 ordaint'd in the Protestant Episcopal Church in 
 1814, and in 1816 became rector of St. George's 
 Church in New York Citv; died at New York City 
 April 8, 1844. 
 
 Milnor, 'William, was a native of Philadelphia, 
 Pa.; received an academic education; elected a 
 Representative from Pennsylvania to the Tenth, 
 Eleventh, Fourteenth, and Seventeenth Con- 
 gresses; resigned in 1822; sheriff of Philadelphia. 
 
 Miner, Aliiman L., was a native of Vermont; 
 received an academic education; clerk of the Ver- 
 mont house of representatives 1836-37; State 
 representative 1838-39 and in 1845; State senator 
 in 1840; held several county offices; elected a 
 Representative from Vermont to the Thirty-second 
 Congress as a ^\'hig. 
 
 Miner, Charles, was born at Norwich, Conn., 
 February 1, 1780; attended the public schools; 
 moved in 1797 to Wilkesbarre, Pa., and from 
 there to West Chester; published tlie Village 
 Record; elected a Representative from Pennsyl- 
 vania to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses 
 as a Federalist; died at Wilkesbarre, Pa., October 
 26, 186.5. 
 
 Miner, Henry Clay, of New York City, was 
 liorn at that city March 23, 1842; educated in the 
 New York City grammar schools and at the Amer- 
 ican Institute School; studied the drug business; 
 elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a Democrat; 
 died at New York City February 22, 1900. 
 
 Miner, Phineas, was born in Connecticut in 
 1779; received a liberal education; studied law and 
 commenced practice at Litchfield, Conn. ; elected 
 a Representative from Connecticut to the Twenty- 
 third Congress (vice Jabez W. Huntington, re- 
 signed) , serving from December 1, 1834, to March 
 3, 1835; died at Litchfield, Conn., September 16, 
 1839. 
 
 Minor, Edward S., of Sturgeon Bay, Wis., 
 was born in Jefferson County, N- Y., in 1840; went 
 with his parents to Wisconsin in 1845; settled in 
 Jlilwaukee County and subsequently lived in the 
 city of Milwaukee, where he attended the public 
 schools; went with his ])are-nts to Sheboygan 
 County in 1852, where he lixed on a farm for sev- 
 eral years; received a puV>lic school and academic 
 education; in 1861 enli.sted in Company G, Second 
 Wisconsin Volunteer Cavalry, as a private; partic- 
 ipated in all the exiieditions, raids, and liattles in 
 which the regiment was engaged until the close of 
 the war; mustered out as first lieutenant in Novem- 
 ber, 1865; after his return home engaged in mer- 
 cantile pursuits until 1884, at which time he was 
 appointed superintendent of the Sturgeon Bay and 
 Lake Michigan Ship Canal; elected to the Wiscon- 
 sin assembly in 1877, and reelected in 1880 and 
 1881 ; elected to the State senate and served in that 
 body in 1883 and 1885; president pro tempore of 
 the senate during the latter term; member of the 
 Wisconsin fish commission for four years; held 
 numerous local offices at various times; mayor of 
 the city of Sturgeon Bay; elected to the Fifty- 
 fourth Congress as a Republican; reelected to the 
 Fifty-fifth, Fifty-si.xth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty- 
 eighth Congresses. 
 
 Mitchell, Alexander, was born in Aberdeen- 
 shire, Scotland, (Jctober IS, 1817; attended the 
 parish schools; banking-house clerk; located at 
 Milwaukee, Wis., in May, 1839; secretary of the 
 AVisconsin Marine and Fire Insurance Company; 
 engaged in banking; president of the Chicago, 
 
 Milwaukee and St. Paul Railroad Company 1864- 
 1887; elected a Representative from Wisconsin to 
 the Forty-second and Forty-third Congre.sses as a 
 Democrat; died at New Yo'rk City April 19, 1887. 
 
 Mitcliell, Anderson, was born in Caswell 
 County, N. C, in 1800; graduated from the LTni- 
 versity of North Carolina in 1821; studied law, and 
 commenced practice at Wilkesboroin 1830; elected 
 a Representative from North Carolina (vice Lewis 
 Williams, deceased) to the Twenty-seventh Con- 
 gress, serving from Ajiril 27, 1842, to March 3, 1843. 
 
 Mitchell, Charles F., was a native of New 
 York City; attended the public schools; located 
 at Lockport; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Con- 
 gresses as a Whig; convicted of forgery in 1842 
 and sentenced to three years' imprisonment; par- 
 doned in November, 1843; engaged in milling in 
 the AVest. 
 
 Mitchell, Charles Le Moyne, of New Haven, 
 
 Coriu., was born at New Haven, Conn., August 6, 
 1844; received an academic education; member of 
 the State house of representatives in 1877; elected 
 to the Forty-eighth Congress as a Democrat; re- 
 elected to the Forty-ninth Congress; moved to New 
 York City in 1886, and resumed the practice of 
 law; died at New York March 1, 1890. 
 
 Mitchell, Georg-e E. , was born in Cecil County, 
 Md. ; received a liberal education; elected a Rejp- 
 resentative from Maryland to the Eighteenth Con- 
 gre.ss as a Democrat; reelected to the Nineteenth 
 Congress; elected to the Twenty-first and Twenty- 
 second Congresses, serving from December 7, 1829, 
 to June 28, 1832, when he died at Washington, 
 D. C. 
 
 Mitcliell, Henry, was born at Woodbury, 
 Conn., in 1784; received a classical education; 
 studied medicine and ]iraeticed at Norwich, N. Y. ; 
 member of the State house of representatives in 
 1827; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Twenty-third Congress as a Jackson Democrat; 
 died at Norwich, N. Y., January 12, 1858. 
 
 Mitchell, James C, was born in Mecklenburg 
 County, N. C, about 1790; received a common 
 school education; elected a Representative from 
 Tennessee to the Nineteenth C'ongress; reelected 
 to the Twentieth Congress; defeated for reelection 
 to the Twenty-first Congress; moved to Missis- 
 sippi in 1835 and engaged in agricultural jiursuits; 
 member of the State house of representatives; 
 died near Jackson, Miss., August 7, 1843. 
 
 Mitchell, James S., was born atRossville, Pa.; 
 received a puljlic school education; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Pennsylvania to the Seventeenth, 
 Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses as a 
 Democrat. , 
 
 Mitchell, John, was born in Perry County, 
 Pa.; received a public school education; resided at 
 Bellefonte; held several public offices; elected a 
 Representati\e from Pennsylvania to the Nine- 
 teenth Congress; reelected to the Twentieth 
 Congress. 
 
 Mitchell, John H. , of Portland, Oreg., was 
 liorn in Washington County, Pa., June 22, 1835; 
 received a public school education and the instruc- 
 tion of a private tutor; studied ami prattit'ed law; 
 moved to California and practiced law, first in 
 San Luis Obispo and then in San Francisco; moved 
 to Portland, Oreg., in 1860 and there continued 
 his profession; elected corporation attorney of 
 Portland in 1861 and served one vear; elected as a 
 
0i>8 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTOKY. 
 
 Ke|>iiblioan ti) tlii- State senate in lSr>2 ami Hcivi'il 
 four years, the la."t tw) an |iri>ni<liMit nf tliat txuly; 
 (•oiiiniis.-<ioni'il l)y tlir ^nviTnor of ( )i«'j,Mn iti ISlio 
 lu'Utvnant-coliiiifl in the State militia; camlidate 
 for I'nili'il States Senator in ISfiti and ilefeatcii in 
 the party caiicuH Ity one vote; clioiien iirofewsor of 
 niedieal jnrisprndeneein Willamette University, at 
 Salem, Ore^-, in 1807, and yerveil in that position 
 nearly four years'; elected to the United States 
 Senate as a Republican Sejitemlx'r 2S, 1S72, and 
 served from March 4, 1873, to March 3, 1879; re- 
 ceived the caucus nomination of the Kepuhlioan 
 party for I'liited States Senator in ISSL', receivinvc 
 the votes of two-thirds of all the Kepuhlicans in 
 the lesiislature on the first ballot, but was (inally, 
 after a contest lasting until the close of the session, 
 defeated in joint session; again electeil to the 
 United States Senate November 18, 1885, to suc- 
 ceed .James II. Slater, Democrat, for the term 
 comniencini; Manli 4, USS.'i, and tonk his seat 
 December 17, 188."); reelected .January 1.'0. 18!)1; 
 in a caucus of the Republican members of the 
 legislature, January 10, i8!>7, there beiiii; 48 mem- 
 l)ers present, 2 more than a majority of the whole 
 legislature, the whole inimber conslitutini; the 
 two houses being 90, on an open roll call he re- 
 ceived every one of the 48 votes and was declared 
 the unanimous nominee of the Re)niblican party 
 for United States Senator to succeed himself; 28 
 niend)ers of the house refused to take the oath of 
 oflico during the entire session, thus destroying u 
 quorum and preventing a vote for Senator, and 
 also (ireventing the i)a.ssage of any ajjpropriation 
 or other acts during the entire session, which re- 
 sulted in his defeat; again, on February 2.S, 1901, 
 elected to succeed Hon. Geo. W. Mcliride, and 
 took his .-eat Mar<'h 9, 1901. 
 
 Uitchell, John I., of Wellsboro, l*a., was born 
 in Tioga County, I'a., .July 28, 1838; spent his 
 Iwyhood upon his father's farm; received a com- 
 mon school education and ])rivate instrnction, and 
 passed some time at the University of I>ewisburg, 
 Pa. (1 8.57-1 8.'i9). but did not graduate: taught 
 si'hool; served in the Union .\rmy as a lieutenant 
 and captain: adniitle(l to the bar in 18t)4; prac- 
 ticed law: elected <listrict attorney of his native 
 county in 1868, serving three yeai-s; edited the 
 Tioga County Agitator during 1870; member of 
 the State house of representatives 1872-1876, and 
 ser\'ed as chairman of the judiciary general and 
 wavs and means connnittees; elected to the Forty- 
 tifth anil rorty-sixth Congre.s.ses as a Republican: 
 elected to the United States Senate as a Re])ubli- 
 can to succeed William \. Wallace, Democrat, and 
 took his .seat March 4, 1881 ; serve<l until JIareh 3, 
 1887; elected president-judge of TiogaCounty, l*a., 
 in 1888; served ten years and reelected; elected 
 judge of the superior court and served one session. 
 
 Mitchell, John Lendrum, of .Milwaukee, Wis., 
 was bon\ at Milwaukee, Wis., (U'tober 19, 1842; 
 received an academic eihication in this country 
 and studied in England, i^witzerland. and (ier- 
 many; serve<l in the war of the rebellion in the 
 Twenty-fourth Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry; 
 member of the State senate of Wisconsin in 1872- 
 73 and 187.T-7ii: jirrsident of the jiublic school 
 board of the city of Milwaukee in 188.t: member 
 of the Hoard of Managers of the National Home 
 for Disableil Volunteer Soldiers; president of the 
 Wisconsin Marine and Fire Insurance Companv's 
 Bank, of Milwaukee, and president of the -Afil- 
 waukee <ias Company; interested in agricultural 
 
 Bursuits; elected to the Fifty-second Congress jvs a 
 temocrat; reelected to the Fifty-third Congre.s.«: 
 
 elected to the Uniteil .States .Senate and took his 
 seat March 4, 1893. 
 
 Mitchell, John Murray, of New York, N. Y., 
 was born at CO West Ninth street, in the upper 
 portion of the Kighlh Congreasi(jnal district, March 
 18, 18.">8; gra<luated from Colmnl)ia College in 1877, 
 with the degree of A. 15., and was da-ss valedicto- 
 rian, though the youngest meirdxr of the class; 
 completed a course in theColumbia l-aw .'school in 
 the sjiring of 1879, receiving the degree of LL. B., 
 and admitted to the bar innnediately thereafter; 
 nominateil by acclamation forCongress in t befall of 
 1894; the result of the election showed an apparent 
 phiralityof 307 votes for hisopponent, which count, 
 however, was found to l>e erroneous; acontest of the 
 right to the seat terminated in seating Mr. Jlitchell 
 by a vote of 102 to 39; again nominateil by accla- 
 mation and stood for election again.st his former 
 competitor and elected, the only golil candidate 
 elected south of Twenty-third street; reelected to 
 the Fifty-liftli Congres-s as a Republican. 
 
 Mitchell, Nahum, was born at Kaat Bridge- 
 water, Ma.ss., Fel)niary 12, 1769; graduated from 
 Harvanl College in 1789; studied law at I'lymouth, 
 connneniing practice at East Briilgewater in 1792; 
 common j>leiis court judge 1811-1S21; State repre- 
 sentative 1803-180.1, 18:59-40, anil senat^jr 1813-14; 
 electecl a Representative from Majisachusetta to the 
 Eighth Congress; one of the governor's council 
 1814-;.820; State treasurer 1822-1827; librarian and 
 treasurer of the Mas.sachusetts Historical Society; 
 died at East Bridgewater, Mass., August 1, 1853. 
 
 Mitchell, Nathaniel, was a Delegate from Del- 
 aware to the Continental Congress 1780-1788. 
 
 Mitchell, Robert, was born in I'ennsylvania; 
 received a pul)lic school education; moved to 
 Lanesville,Ohio; held several local otlice.s; elected 
 a Repre.sentative from Ohio to the Twenty-third 
 Congress as a .lackson Democrat. 
 
 Mitchell, Stephen Mix, was born at Wethers- 
 field, Conn., December 9, 1743; graduated from 
 Yale Collegi- in 1703; studieil law, (•■ounnencing 
 practice at Wetherstield in 1772; judge of the 
 Hartforil County court 1779-179."); Delegate from 
 Connecticut to the Continental Congress 1783-178.5; 
 elected a United States Senator from Connecticut 
 (vice Roger Sherman, decea.sed), serving from 
 December 2, 1793 to March 3, 1795; jiiclge of the 
 supreme court 179.5-1807; ihief justice, 1807-1814; 
 died at Wetherslield, Conn.. September 30, 183-5. 
 
 Mitchell, Thomas B. , was a native of George- 
 town, S. C. ; graduated from Harvard University 
 in 1.H02; studied law, commencing practice at 
 Georgetown: elected a Representative from South 
 Carolina to the Seventeenth, Nineteenth, Twen- 
 tieth, and Twenty-second Congre.«.ses; defeated 
 for the I'.ighteenth and Twenty-tirst Congresses, 
 died at (ieorgetown, S. C, Novemt)er 2, 1837. 
 
 Mitchell, William, was a native of New York; 
 
 atten<i<'d the public schools; .studied law and com- 
 menced practice at Keiulallsville, Ind.: elected a 
 Representative from Indiana to the Thirty-.-eventh 
 Congress as a Republican; defeated for the Thirty- 
 eighth Congress; died at Macon, Ga., September 
 11, ISO"). 
 
 Mitchill, Samuel Latham, was born at Ham|>- 
 stead, N. Y., .\ugnst 20, 1764: receivtnl a <-lassical 
 education, and studied medicine: comnussioner to 
 purchase the land of the I roi|Uois Indians in wi>stern 
 New York in 1788; memU-r of the State house of 
 representatives in 1791: profes.sor of chemistry 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 699 
 
 and natural hiirtory in Columbia College in 1792; 
 one of the founders of the State Society for the 
 Promotion of Agriculture in 1793; editor of the 
 Quarterly Medical Repository 1797-1813; again a 
 member of the State house of representatives in 
 1798; elected a Representati\e from New York to 
 the Seventh Congress, and reelected to the Eighth 
 Congress, serving until his resignation, Novemljer 
 22, 1804; elected a United States Senator from 
 New York (in place of John Armstrong, resigned), 
 serving from November 23, 1804, to March 3, 1809; 
 elected a Representative to the I'^leventh Congress 
 and reelected to the Twelfth Congress; professor 
 of natural history in the New York College of 
 Physicians and Surgeons 1808-1820, and of botany 
 and materia medica 1820-1826; vice-president of 
 the Rutgers Medical School lS2(i-1830; one of the 
 founders of. the New York Literary and Philo- 
 sophical Society in 1815; died at New York, Sep-, 
 tember 7, 1831. 
 
 MofFatt, Seth C, was born at Battlecreek, 
 Mich., August 10, 1841; received a common school 
 education; student one year in the literary depart- 
 ment and two years in the law department of 
 Michigan University; graduated from the law de- 
 jiartment of Michigan University in 1863, and en- 
 gaged in the practice of his profession; prosecuting 
 attorney' for Grand Traverse and Leelanaw coun- 
 ties for ten years; member of the State senate of 
 Michigan in 1871-72; member of the constitutional 
 commission in 1873; register of the United States 
 land office at Traverse City 1874-1878; member 
 of the State house of representatives of ]\Iichigan 
 in 1881-82, serving as speaker both terms; dele- 
 gate to the national Republican convention at 
 Chicago in 1884, and elected to the Forty-ninth 
 and Fiftieth Congresses as a Republican; died 
 December 22, 1887. 
 
 Moffet, Jolin, was born in County Antrim, 
 Ireland, in 1832; attended the public schools in 
 Philadelphia, Pa.; studied medicine at the Univer- 
 sity of Pennsylvania; apothecary; claimed to have 
 been elected a Representative from Pennsylvania 
 to the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat; served 
 from March 4 to April 9, 1869, when unseated in 
 favor of Leonard Myers. 
 
 Moffit, Hosea, was a native of Rensselaer 
 County, N. Y.; State rejiresentative 1794-1801; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses as a Fed- 
 eralist. 
 
 Moffitt, John H. , of Chateaugay Lake, N. Y., 
 was bi.irn at Chazy, Clinton County, N. Y., Janu- 
 ary 8, 1843; educated in the common schools, 
 Plattsburgh Academy, and Fort Edward Collegiate 
 Institute; enlisted as a private in the Sixteenth 
 Regiment of New York Volunteers April 27, 1861; 
 wounded at the battle of Gaines Mills June 27, 
 1862; mustered out of service with his regiment 
 May 18, 1863; deputy collector of customs at Rouse 
 Point, N. Y., 1866-1872; engaged in the manufac- 
 ture of charcoal bloom iron; elected supervisor of 
 Saranac, Clinton County, in 1877; elected to the 
 Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses asa Republican; 
 apjiointed superintendent of the waterworks at 
 Syrai'use, N. Y., after leaving Congress. 
 
 Molony, Richard S., was a native of North- 
 field, N.H.; attended Dartmouth College; studied 
 medicine and commenced practice at Belvidere, 
 111.; elected a Representative from Illinois to the 
 Thirty-second Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Mondell, Frank Wheeler, of Newcastle, Wyo., 
 was born at St. Louis, Mo., November 6, 1860; 
 
 both of his parents died before reaching his sixth 
 year; went to live with friends in Iowa, residing 
 on a farm until 18 years of age; attended the local 
 district schools, and received instruction in the 
 higher branches from a private tutor; engaged in 
 mercantile pur.suits, mining, and railway con.struc- 
 tion in various Western States and Territories; 
 settled in Wyoming in 1887, and engaged in the 
 development of coal mines and oil property at and 
 in the vicinity of Newcastle and Cambria; took an 
 active part in the establishment and building of 
 the town (jf Newcastle and the development of 
 the Cambria mines; elected mayor of Newcastle in 
 1888, and served until 1895; elected a memlier of 
 the first State senate in 1890, served as president 
 of that body at the session of 1892; delegate to the 
 Republican national convention in Minneapolis in 
 1892; appointed Assistant Commissioner of the 
 General Land Office November 15, 1897, and served 
 until JIarch 3, 1899; elected to the Fifty-fourth, 
 Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses, and 
 reelected to the Fifty-eighth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican. 
 
 Monell, Robert, was a native of Columbia 
 County, N. Y. ; pursued classical and legal studies; 
 commenceil the practice of law at Greene, Clie- 
 nango County; State representative 1814-15, 182.5- 
 26, and 1828; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Sixteenth and Twenty-first Congresses 
 as a Democrat, resigning Fel)ruary 21, 1831; cir- 
 cuit judge; died at (treene, N. Y., in 1860. 
 
 Money, Hernando De Soto, of Winona, Miss., 
 was born in Holmes County, Miss., August 26, 
 18.39; educated at the l^niversity of Mississippi, at 
 Oxford; studied law; by profession an editor; 
 elected to the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty- 
 sixth, Forty-.seventh, Forty-eighth, Fifty-third, 
 and Fifty-fourth Congresses as a Democrat ; elect eil 
 to the United States Senate in January, 1896, for 
 the term beginning IMarch 4, 1899; appointed to 
 the Senate October 8, 1897, to fill the vacancy 
 caused by the death of Hon. .T. Z. George, oii 
 August 14, 1897; unanimously elected l)y the leg- 
 islature to fill out the unexpired term ending 
 March 3, 1899, and sworn in January 24, 1898; 
 reelected in 1899. 
 
 Monroe, James, was born at Plainfield, Conn., 
 July 18, 1821; received his early education in the 
 common schools and at Plainfield Academy; grad- 
 uated from Oberlin College in 1846; afterwards 
 pursued a course of theological study there; pro- 
 fessor in Oberlin College from 1849 until 1862; 
 member of the house of representatives of the 
 State of Ohio 1856-1859, and of the Ohio senate 
 1860-1862; chosen president pnj tempore of the 
 Ohio senate in 1861, and again in 1862; resigned 
 his seat in the senate in Octolier, 1862, to acce]jt 
 the position of United States consul to Rio de 
 .Taneiro, tendered him by President Lincoln; lield 
 the office of consul at that capital from 1863 to 
 1869, serving for some months of 1869 as charg6 
 d'affaires ad interim; elected to the Forty-second, 
 Forty-third, Forty-fourth, ami Forty-fifth Con- 
 gresses, and reelected to the Forty-sixth Congress 
 as a Republican; declined a reelection; died July 
 6, 1898. 
 
 Monroe, James, was born in Westmoreland 
 County, Va., April 28, 1758; received a classical 
 education; graduated from William and Mary 
 College in 1776; joined Revolutionary Army as a 
 cadet in 1776; promoted to a captaincy and jiar- 
 ticipated in several engagements; studied law; 
 appointed military commissioner for Virginia in 
 1780, and visited the Southern army under (General 
 
700 
 
 rONORESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 l>fKiill>; mi'iiiberof the State liouscnf rciirewiitii- 
 livcs in 1782; IH-K-pite from Viiyiiiiii In tlu-C'onti- 
 neiital ("iin);ri'st<17S:!-17St>; npiin hu'IuImtciI" State 
 house of repriwiitative-i in 17S(i; liiite"! States 
 Senalorfroni Virginia 17!KV17!H, « lien he resi^ined 
 to lieconie minister iiKnipotenliary to France, 
 servin;; from May L'S, 1"!>4, to l)eeeinl>er 30, 17!Mi; 
 governor of Virginia 17!»!l-1802; apiin minister 
 |ileni|>otenliarv to France, servintr fmm January 
 12, ISlW, to July 12, 1S0.{; minister jilenipotentiary 
 toKn<;lHnil in ISO:!, ami toS|painin ISO."); returneii 
 homein ISOS; aj:ain elected memherof .State house 
 of representatives; pivernor of Viri;inia in ISIl; 
 Seeri'tary of State of the I'nited States Xovemher 
 2.1, lSll,"to March;!, 1S17; elected an<l reele<'ted 
 Presiilent of the I'nited States, servinir from March 
 4, 1S17, to March 3, lS2.i; retired to his farm in 
 Umiloun County, Va.; resided there until l.><:il, 
 when heniovcdto New York Citv, where he died, 
 July 4. 1S:J1. 
 
 Montanya, J. De la, was iMirn in New York; 
 resided at llaversir.iw: elected a Kepresentative 
 from New Ytirk to the Twenty-sixth Congress as 
 a Democnit. 
 
 Montgomery, A. B., of I'.lizaliethtown, Ky., 
 was born nn a farm in llanlin County, Ky., l^e- 
 cendver 11, l,s;J7; received a collegiate education, 
 graduating with the cla.«s of l.s.i9; studied law and 
 graduatetl from the Louisville I>aw School with 
 the class of IStil; he;;an the practice of law in 1S74; 
 elected i-onnty jud^'c of Hardin County in 1S70, 
 servini; until is74: elected to tlu> Kentucky senate 
 in 1S77 from the Twelfth senatorial district, and 
 served until ISSl; elected to the Fiftieth, Fifty- 
 (irst, Fifty-secouil. and Fifty-third Congresses as a 
 OemiHTat. 
 
 Montgomery, Daniel, jr., was electe<l a Kep- 
 resentative from I'ennsylvania to the Tenth Con- 
 gri'ss, servini; from (htoher 2ti. l.'!07, to March !!. 
 ISlW. 
 
 Montg-omery, John, was horn in Maryland: 
 n'ceiveil a ila.'^sii-al iducation; electeila Hepre.sent- 
 ative from Maryland to the Tenth Congress as a 
 Democrat; reelecte<l to the Kleventh Congress, 
 serving from dctoher 2n, 1.S07, to March 3, ISU. 
 
 Montgomery, Joseph, was Ixirn in Dauphin 
 County. Pa.. Octolier ;i, 1733; received a classical 
 e<hu'ation, graduating from Princeton College in 
 175.T; Delegate from Pennsylvania to the Conti- 
 nental Congn^ss 17SO-1784; died at Harrisburg, 
 Pa.. Octoher 14, 1794. 
 
 Montgomery, Thomas, was bom in Nelson 
 County, Va. ; receivc<i a thorough Knglish ediica- 
 tion;siudietl law; admitted tothebarand practiced 
 at Stanfonl, Ky.; county judge; electtni a Kepre- 
 sentative from Kentucky to the Thirteenth Con- 
 gress a-s a Democrat, serving from May 24, 1813, to 
 JIarch 2, ISI.t; elected to the Si.xteenth Congress 
 (in place of Tunstall t^narles, resigne<I); reelected 
 to the Seventeenth Congress, serving from No- 
 vendier 13, 1S20, U> March 3. 1823; diet.! at Stan- 
 ford. Ky., Ai.ril 2, 1828. 
 
 Montgomery, William, was eIeote<l a Repre- 
 sentative from I'ennsylvania to the Thinl Con- 
 gress, serving from December 2, 1793, to Man-h 3, 
 179.i. 
 
 Montgomery, William, was bom in Guilford 
 County, N. C, in 1791; studied medicine and 
 practiced in Orange Countv; a member of the 
 State senate 1824-1.827 and" 1825»-1.S34; elected a 
 Representative from North Carolinato the Twenty- 
 
 fourth, Twenty-lifth, and Twenty-sixth Congntwes 
 as a DemiMrat, serving from Decemlier 7, 18;Jo, 
 until .March 3, 1841, when he declined a reelec- 
 tion; died November 27, 1844. 
 
 Montgomery, William, was born at Canton, 
 I'a., A|iril 11, ISI'.i; rt'ceived a classical e<lucalion, 
 graduating from Washington College in 18,39; 
 studied law; ailiiiitte<l to the l>ar in 1842, and 
 commenced ]>raclice at Wiu-ihington, Pa.; ele<'teil 
 a Kepre.sentative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty- 
 tifth CongR-.-s as a Democrat, and reelected to the 
 Thirty-sixth Congress; died at Washington, Pa., 
 .\l.rir2s, 1870. • 
 
 Moody, Gideon C, of Deiulwood, Ijtwreni'c 
 County, S. Dak., was Ixirn at Ojrtland, N. Y., 
 ' Octolvr It), 1832; receiveil an academic eilucation; 
 read law at Syracu.se, N. Y.; moved to Indiana in 
 1852; admitted to the bar of the supreme court of 
 Indiana, ami the Cnited States district court for 
 the ilistrict of Indiana in l.s.")3; appointeil prose- 
 cuting attorney for Floyd County in 18.">4; elected 
 in the fall of l.stlO a ineinlierof the house of n-pre- 
 ."entatives of Indiana; served as such in the winter 
 of 1,81)1; in April, 1.8|>1, enten-d the service as 
 cajitain in the Ninth Indiana Volunteer Infantry; 
 served therein as captain, lieutenant-colonel, and 
 colonel; a|)pointed in August, l.Stil, captain in the 
 Nineteentli Fnited States Infantry; resigned there- 
 from March, 1.8()4; moved to Dakota in .May, l.sti4; 
 member of the house of representatives of Dakota 
 Territory in 1867-t)8, in l,S(>8-t)9, and in 1874; 
 si>eaker of the house in 18(1.8-69, •ind in 1874; 
 appointeil a.s.M)ciate justice of the supreme court of 
 Dakota Territory in September, 1878, and served 
 as such until .Vpril 1, 1883; ailmitted to the Ijar of 
 the Cniteii States Supreme (\iurt January, 1.8,84; 
 delegate to the Republican national conventions 
 in 1868 and 188S. at Chicago; chairman of the 
 Dakota ilelegation; niemlK-r of the constitutional 
 i-onvention of South Dakota held June, 1.8,s3, and 
 also of the constitutional convention of .South 
 Dakota held September, 1885; chairman of the 
 judiciary coinmittee in Ixith conventions; chair- 
 man of the committee to draft and present a 
 memorial to Congress asking admis.«ion; electeil 
 by the legislature which assembled under the 
 constitution of 1885 as one of the I'nited States 
 Senators for the State of South Dakota; again 
 elected October 16, 18,89, under the ]irovisions of 
 the act of Congress admitting South Dakota and 
 other States into the I'liion: took his seat Decem- 
 l)er 2, 18.89, .-ierving until March 3, 1891. 
 
 Moody, James Montraville, w.ts Iwrn on a 
 farm in Cherokee (^U""" t'niham) County, N. C, 
 February 12, IS-iS; while an infant his jiarents 
 nioveil to Haywooil County; as a boy he workol 
 on the farm during the summer months and at- 
 tended the neighborhood schools in the winter: at 
 the age of 17 he entered Waynesville Academy, 
 remaining two years, and then atteiuU»il Candler 
 College, in BuucoiuIk' Countv, N. C., for one year; 
 studied law under a (irivate instructor at Wayne.-- 
 ville, ami adiniltcd to llie bar in January, 1.881; 
 elected jirosi'cutiug attorney of the twelfth judicial 
 district of North Carolina "in 18^), and served in 
 that ca])acity for four years; ele«"te<I to thePtate 
 senate for two years in l.SiM; serveil through the 
 Spanish- American war as major and diief comniis- 
 sary of I'nited States Volunteers on the staff of 
 Maj. (ien. J. Warren Keifer; electe«l from North 
 Carolina to the Fifty-seventh Congress asa Reput>- 
 lican; ditsl February .5. UH«. at Waynesville. N. C. 
 
 Moody, Malcolm Adelbert, of The Dalles, 
 Oree.. was l>orn at Hn'wnsville. Linn County, 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 701 
 
 Oieg., November 30, 1S54; educated in the public 
 schools of Oregon, and at the University of Cali- 
 fornia; upon leaving college entered inercantile 
 business at The Dalles; in l.S,S7 the mercantile 
 business was merged into The Dalles National 
 Bank, of which he was elected cashier; from 1885 
 to 1889 a member of the city council of The Dalles; 
 elected mayor in 1S89, serving two terms; member 
 of the Reijublican State central and Congressional 
 committees continuously from 1888 to 1898; Ore- 
 gon's member of the executive committee of the 
 Repuljlican League of the United States from 1895 
 to 1900, and also a member of the executive com- 
 mittee of the Republican League of (.)regon; on 
 April 13, 1898, received by acclamation from the 
 Republican convention the nomination of Ccm- 
 gressman, and on June 6 was elected to the Fifty- 
 sixth Congress; reelected to the Fifty-seventh 
 Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Moody, William H. , of Haverhill, :Ma.ss., was 
 
 born at Newbury, Mass., Deceml)er23, 1853; grad- 
 uated from Phillips Academy, .\ndover, Mass., in 
 1872, and from Harvard University in 1876; law- 
 yer bv jirofession; district attorney for the eastern 
 district of Massachusetts from 1890 to 1895; elected 
 to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a Republican, at a 
 special election, to till the vacancy caused by the 
 death of Gen. William Cogswell; reelected to the 
 Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Con- 
 gresses; resigned April 30, 1902, having been ap- 
 pointed Secretarvof the Navv; assumedlhe duties 
 of that office May 1 , 1902. 
 
 Moon, John Austin, of Chattanooga, Tenn., 
 was b(]rn in Albemarle County, Va., April 22, 1855; 
 luoved with his parents in 1857 to Bristol, Va., 
 where he resided imtil January, 1870, and then 
 moved to Chattanooga, where he has since resided; 
 educated at King College, Tennessee; admitted to 
 the bar in Alabama and Tennessee in March, 1874, 
 and to the bar of the Supreme Court of the United 
 States in 1878; elected attorney for the city of 
 Chattanooga in 1881-82; a member of the De'mo- 
 cratic executive committee of the State in 1888; at 
 the unanimous request of the bar of the fourth 
 judicial circuit was commissioned by the governor 
 in j\Iay, 1889, as special circuit judge and twice re- 
 appointed, an<l held the office, until January 3, 
 1891, when he was appointed as regular judge for 
 the fourth circuit, and served until August, 1892, 
 when he was elected circuit judge; reelected in 
 1894 for a term of eight years; on August 12, 1S9H, 
 nominated by the Democrats and August 13 by 
 the Populists fnr Congress; elected to the Fiftv- 
 tifth. Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth 
 Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Moon, John W., of Muskegon, Mich., was 
 born in AVayiie County, Mich., .January 18, 1836; 
 until he was 18 years of age he worked on his 
 father's farm, attending school during the winters; 
 moved to the northern part of the State in 18-54 
 and soon connected himself witli the lumbering 
 business; held the offices of supervisor, township 
 treasurer, and president of \illage; elected to the 
 State senate in 1884 and reelected in 1886; elected 
 to the Fifty-third Congress as a Republican; died 
 April 5. 1898. 
 
 Moor, Wymaii B. S., was born at Waterville. 
 Me., November 3, 1814; received a classical educa- 
 tion, graduating from Waterville College; studied 
 law at Cambridge; admitted to the bar in 18:B4, 
 and commenced practice at Bangor; a member of 
 the State house of representatives in 1839; State 
 attorney-general 1844-1848; appointed a United 
 States Senator from Elaine (in place of John Fair- 
 
 field, deceased), serving from Januarv 17, 1848, to 
 June 12, 1848; appointed by President Buchanan 
 consul-general for British America, serving 1857- 
 1861; died at Lynchburg, Ya., February 16, 1869. 
 
 Moore, Andrew, was a native of Rockbridge 
 County, Va. ; received an academic education; 
 elected a Representative from \'irginia to the 
 First, Second, Third, and Fourth ' Congresses; 
 elected to the Eighth Congress, obtaining the seat 
 by successfully contesting that of Thomas Lewis, 
 serving from March 5, 1804, to November 6, 1804, 
 when he became a United States Senator by ap- 
 pointment (vice William Cary Nicholas, resigned), 
 and subsequently elected (vice Abraham B. Ven- 
 able, resigned), serving until March 3, 1809; died 
 May 24, 1821. 
 
 Moore, EUakim Hasting-s, was born in AA'or- 
 cester County, Mass., June 19, 1812; moved to 
 Athens County, Ohio, in 1817; attended the com- 
 moii schools; county surveyor 183()-1846, ami 
 auditor 1846-1860; collector "of internal revenue 
 1862-1866; elected a Representative from Ohio to 
 the Forty-first Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Moore, Ely, Mas a native of New Jersey; at- 
 tended public schools; printer; edited labor paper 
 in New York City; elected Representative from 
 New Y'ork to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-tifth 
 Congresses as a Democrat; appointed Indian agent 
 and later register of land office in Kansas; died 
 January 26, 1860. 
 
 Moore, Gabriel, was born in Stokes County, 
 N. C., about 1790; received an academic education- 
 studied law; commenced practice at Huntsville, 
 Ala.; elected a Representative from Alabama to 
 the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and 
 Twentieth Congresses; governor 1829-1831; United 
 States Senator from Alabama 1831-1837; died at 
 Caddo, Tex., June 9, 1844. 
 
 Moore, Henry D., was born at Goshen, N. Y., 
 April 13, 1817; moved to New York City in 1828'; 
 attended public schools; engaged in-tailoring bus> 
 ness and subsequently, at Philadeli>hia, in that of 
 mahogany and marble; elected a Rei>resentative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-first and Thirty- 
 second Congresses as a Whig; State treasurer for 
 several years- 
 
 Moore, Herman Allen, was born at Plain- 
 field. Vt., in 1810; received an academic education; 
 studied law at Rochester, N. Y. ; commenced prac-^ 
 tice at Columbus, Ohio; State adjutant-general; 
 elected a Representative from Ohio to the Tweijty- 
 eighth Congress as a Democrat, serving until liis 
 deatli at Columbus, Ohio, April 3, 1844. 
 
 Moore, Horace L., of Lawrence, Kans., was 
 born at Mantua, Portage County, Ohio, February 
 25, 1837; educated in the common schools and 
 at the Western Reserve Eclectic Institute, Hiram, 
 Ohio; moved to Kansas in 1858; enlisted as a pri- 
 vate soldier in the Seccuid Kansas Infantrv I\Iay 
 14, 1861, and served continuouslv until June 30, 
 1865, when he was mustered out of the service as 
 lieutenant-colonel of the Fourth Arkansas Cavalry; 
 commanded the Eighteenth and Nineteenth regi- 
 ments of Kansas Cavalry, serving against the In- 
 dians on the Plains in the years' 1867 and 1868; 
 engaged in mercantile pursuits since the close of 
 his service in the Armv, except for two years when 
 he was treasurer of Douglas Countv, Kans. ; elected 
 to the Fifty-third Congress by the Democrats and 
 Populists; was not seated until August 2, 1894, Mr. 
 Funston, who was then ousted bv vote of the 
 House, having obtained the certificate of election. 
 
7(V2 
 
 CONliKKSSIONAL DIKKCTi )KY, 
 
 Moore. Jesse H., was Ivorn iiciiv l-iliaiiim, 111., 
 April I'L', 1S17; ^'nuUialiMl In. in McKciiilrcc ColU-Kf 
 in ISIL": taught sclnml for tliirlccii yi'arsaml stiiil- 
 ie<l law: ailiiiittcil U< tlu' liar; onlaiiii'il a MiMlnxlist 
 iniiiieliTiii 1S4!'; (iilniicl ami l)riyailii'r-}.'oiioral, liy 
 liivvrt, of viiliiiitei'i-s ill tlu' civil war; llr^•^ii(liIl^; 
 eldiT of tin- lU'catiir ilistrict Illinois coiifortMuv in 
 18(>>*; electfil a Ucprfsentativi' from Illinois to tlio 
 Fortv-lirct aii'l Fortv-st-cond Coiij-Tt'ssus as a Ki-- 
 |nil)lu-an; api>ointtMri'niIe.l States consul atCallao, 
 IVni, in ISSl, where lie died, ,hily 11, 1HS3. 
 
 Hoore, John, was born in l?erkeley County, 
 Va., in 17SS; received an academic education; 
 moved to Franklin, 1 Ji. ; State representatiyo 1825- 
 1S34; eleited a Kepresentative from Louisiana to 
 tlie Twenty-sixth (vice Kice Ciarland, resifined > 
 and Twenty-seventh Congresses as a Whif;, serv- 
 ing from DecemlRT 17, 1S40 to 1S4;!; elected to 
 tlie Thirtv-second Coufircss; Whis; Presidential 
 elector in' lt<48; delefiato to the State secession 
 convention in 1861; died at Franklin, l.a., .Tunc 
 17, 1867. 
 
 Moore, Laban T., was horn in Cahell County, 
 Va., January l:>, ISl'll; attended iiuhlio schools; 
 
 studied law , "connnencinf; practice at Louisa, Ky.; 
 
 elected a Keiire.sentutive from Kentucky to the 
 Thirtv-sixtli CoUfrress as a National American. 
 
 Moore, Littleton W., of Laiiraiifre. Tex., was 
 horn in Alahama in is:i."); moved to Mississippi when 
 a chilli; eilvicated at the State Cniversity, •.'raduat- 
 innwitii the lirst honors of his cla.ss in IS.").'); read 
 law; moved to Texas in 1S.')7 and hc'ian the prac- 
 tice of his profession; .served in the Confederate 
 army duriiif; the war; elected to the constitutional 
 convention of Texas in lS7r>; elected district jiidfie 
 in l."<7i> anil remained upon the bench till lS.s.i; 
 elected to the Fiftieth Congress as a I)emocrat 
 ami reelected to the Fifty-first and Fifty-second 
 Consxresses. 
 
 Moore, Nicholas R., was a native of Baltimore, 
 Mil.; attended public schools; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Maryland to the Kijxhth, Ninth, 
 Tenth, Eleventh, and Thirteenth Conpresses as a 
 Democrat; died at Haltimore, Md., March 9, 1816. 
 
 Moore, Orren C, of Nashua, N. H., was born 
 at Niw Hampton, N. IL, Anjtust 10, 1839; edu- 
 cated in the |iublic schools; learned the trade (>f a 
 printer and then became a journalist, establishinj; 
 the Nashua l>aily Tele);rai)h in 18(>9; served six 
 terms in the lower branch of the le<rislature and 
 one term in the upper branch; memlxM- of the 
 State tax commission, and chairman of the State 
 railroad commission for three years; elected to the 
 Fiftv-flrst Coiifrressas a Keputilican; died May \2, 
 1893. 
 
 Moore, Oscar I'., wasanativeof Ohio; attended 
 l.ublic schools; located at I'ortsmonlh; elected a 
 Kepresentative from Ohio to the Thirty-fourth 
 Congress as a Kepublican; defeated as an Ameri- 
 can lor the Thirty-tilth. 
 
 Moore, Bobert, wa.s a native of Washinpton 
 Count V, Pa.; received an academic education; 
 elect«t\ a Kepresentative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses. 
 
 Moore, Samuel, wius a native of t'nmberland 
 County, N. .L; received an acailemic tiliicalion; 
 Htuditnl me<licine, commencing practice at Doyles- 
 town, Pa.; elected a Uei)iv.sentative from Pennsyl- 
 vania to Uie Fifteenth (vice ,'<amnel 1). Ingham, 
 resigned). Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Congre-sse.- 
 as a Democrat, ser\-ing from November 16, 1818, 
 
 until his resignation, May 20, 1822: die<l at Doyles- 
 town, Pa., February 18, 186L 
 
 Moore, Samuel McDowell, was a native of 
 Virginia; attended public schools; locate<l at Ia-X- 
 ington; elected a Kepresentative from Virginia to 
 tlie Twenty-third Cnngrc^s as a Whig; defeateil to 
 the Twenty-fourth Congress; served in the Con- 
 federate army. 
 
 Moore, Sydenham, was horn in Rntherford 
 County, Tenii.: received a cla-ssiial education; 
 gradiiatedfromrniversity of Alabama; studied law: 
 admitted to the bar; commenced practi<'eat< ireeiis- 
 boro, .\la.; judge of (Jreene County court and then 
 of circuit court; .served in the war against .Mexico 
 as captain in Colonel Coffey's regiment of .Maluinia 
 Infantry from June, 1846, to June, 1.S47; elected 
 brigadier-general of .Mabaina militia; electe<i a 
 Kepresentative from .Vlabama to the Thirtv-tifth 
 Congress as a Democrat, and reelected to the I'hirty- 
 sixtli Congre.ss. serving from December 7. 18.i7. to 
 .lanuary 21, 1S6I. when he retired from the House 
 on tl e seii'.>^sion of .\labauia; served as colonel 
 in the Confederate army; died from wounds re- 
 ceived at the battle of Seven Pines, .May 31. 1,S62. 
 
 Moore, Thomas, was elected a Kepre.sentative 
 from South Carolina to the Seventh Congress, and 
 reelected to the Kighth, Ninth. Tenth, Kleventh, 
 and Twelfth Congresses, serving from December 
 7, l.SOl, to March 3, 1813; electwl to the Four- 
 ti'enth Congress, serving from Decenilx-r 4. 1815, 
 to March 3, 1817. 
 
 Moore, Thomas L., was born in Jefferson 
 Count V, Va.; received an academic education; 
 elected a Kepresentative from Virginia to the 
 Sixteenth Congress in place of (ieorge L. Strother. 
 resigned; reelecteil to the Seventeenth Congress, 
 serving from November 13, 1820, to March 3, 1823. 
 
 Moore, Thomas P., was born in Charlotte 
 County, Va., in 1797; received a public school 
 education; an ollicer in the war of 1812; elected a 
 Kepresentative from Kentucky to the Fighteentli 
 Congress as a .Iack.<on Democrat; reelectiHi to the 
 Nineteenth and Twentieth Congres.-es, serving 
 from December 1, 1.823, until .March 3. 1,829; ap- 
 l)ointed by President Jackson minister plenipo- 
 tentiary to the I'nited States of ColomViia March 
 13, 1829, and served until April 16,18.33; returned 
 to Kentucky, and re<'eived a certificate of election 
 as a Kepresentative to the Twenty-third Congre.ss 
 as a Democrat, having received 3,099 votes against 
 3.0.'>.T votes for K.' P. Letcher, Whig, but the 
 House, after much di.scu.ssion, rejected .some of 
 the votes given to each candidate, and declared 
 that Letcher had 11 majority; appointed lieuten- 
 ant-colonel of the Third Cniteil States Dragoons 
 in the war with Mexico, serving from March 3, 
 1847, to Julv 31, 1848; a delegate fiom Mercer 
 Conntv to tlie Kentucky constitutional conven- 
 tion of 1849-50; dieil at llarrodsbun:. Kv.. Julv 
 21, 18.53. 
 
 Moore. William, wjis born in Montgomery 
 County, I'a.. December 25, 1810; r»'i-eive<l a public 
 school education; interested in mercantile pur- 
 suits and iron works; judge of the court of com- 
 mon ])leas for .\tlantic County from 1 8.55 to IStC); 
 elected to the Fortieth iiiid Forty-lirst Congre.s,ses 
 ivs a Kepublican, serving from March 4, 1,867, to 
 March 3, 1871; died at Mays Landing, N. J., .Vpril 
 
 2ti, 1878. 
 
 Moore, William S., was Iiorn at West Bethle- 
 hem, Pa., NovemU'r 18, 1822; gradnate<l from 
 Wasliington Collegi" in 1847: stiidieil law: chosen 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 703 
 
 prothonotary of 'Washington County in 1854; en- 
 gaged in the newspaper liusiness; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Pennsylvania to the Forty-third 
 Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Moore, William Robert, of Memphis, Tenn., 
 was born at Huntsville, Ala., March 28, 1830; his 
 father died in that town when he was 6 months 
 old; moved with his mother to Tennessee; brought 
 up on a farm until 15, then, after serving a year 
 in a country dry goods store, moved to Memphis, 
 Tenn., and engaged in the wholesale dry goods 
 business; elected a Representative from Tennessee 
 to the Forty-seventh Congress as a Republican; 
 renominated, and refused to accept. 
 
 Moorhead, James Kennedy, was born at 
 Halifax, Pa., Septenilier 7, 180ti; received a com- 
 mon school education; .served an apprenticeship 
 to the tanner's business, after which he became a 
 canal contractor, and then superintendent and 
 supervisor on the Juniata Canal; projected and 
 established the first passenger packet line on the 
 Pennsylvania Canal in 1835; appointed adjutant- 
 general of Pennsylvania in 1838; constructed the 
 Monongahela navigation canal; president of the 
 company twenty-one years; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
 gress as a Republican; reelected to the Thirty- 
 seventh, Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth 
 Congresses; died at Pittsburg, Pa., March 6, 1884. 
 
 Morehead, Charles S. , was born in Nelson 
 County, Ky., .TulyT, 1802; received a ])ulilic school 
 education; studied law; admitted to the bar, an<l 
 commenced practice at Frankfort, Ky.; member 
 of the State house of representatives 1828 and 1829; 
 attorney-general of Kentucky 1830-1835; again a 
 member of the State house of representatives 1838- 
 1842 and 1844, serving the last three years as 
 speaker of the house; elected a Representative 
 from Kentucky to the Thirtieth Congress as a 
 Whig, and reelected to the Thirty-first Congress, 
 serving from December 6, 1847, to March 3, 1851; 
 again a member of the State legislature in 1853; 
 governor of Kentucky in 1855; delegate from Ken- 
 tucky to the i)eace convention held at Washington 
 in 1861; died at Greenville, Miss., December 23, 
 1868. 
 
 Morehead, James T., was born at Covington, 
 Ky., May 24, 1797; received an academic educa- 
 tion; studied law; admitted to the bar in 1818 
 and commenced practice at Covington, Ky. ; a 
 member of the State house of representatives 
 1827-1830; elected lieutenant-governor of Ken- 
 tucky in 1832, and, after the death of Governor 
 Breathitt, became governor 1834-1836; again a 
 member of the house of representatives in 1837; 
 president of the State board of internal improve- 
 ments 183.8-1841; elected a rnited States Senator 
 from Kentucky as a Whig (in the place of Crit- 
 tenden, declined), serving from May 31, 1841, to 
 March 3, 1847; returning to Covington, he resumed 
 his practice, and died there December 28, 1854. 
 
 Morehead, James T. , was born at Greensboro, 
 N. ('. ; received a ])ul)lic sclmol education; electeil 
 a Representative from North Carolina to the 
 Thirtv-second Congress as a Whig, ser\ing from 
 December 1, 1851, to ]\Iarch 3, 1853. 
 
 Moray, Frank, was born at Boston, Mass., 
 July 11, 1840; educated in tlie Boston public 
 schools; moved to Illinois in 1857, where his study 
 of law was interrupted by entering the Union 
 Army in 1861 in the Thirty-third Illinois Infantry; 
 served till the close of the war, ])rincipally on 
 staff duty, with the rank of captain; settled in 
 
 Louisiana in 1866, in which State he had been 
 stationed for two years while in the military 
 service, and engaged in cotton planting and the 
 insurance business; a member of the general 
 assembly of Louisiana in 1868 and 1869; appointed 
 a commissioner to revise the statutes and codes of 
 the State; commissioner to the Vienna Exposition 
 in 1873; elected a Representative from Louisiana 
 to the Forty-first Congress as a Republican; re- 
 elected to the Forty-second, Forty-third, and 
 Forty-fourth Congresses. 
 
 Morey, Henry Lee, was born on a farm in 
 Butler County, Ohio, April 8, 1841; received his 
 preliminary education in the common schools and 
 at an academy in the neighboring village of Morn- 
 ing Sun; at the breaking out of the war was a 
 member of the senior class in Miami University, 
 atO.xford, and became a member of the University 
 Rifles and .served with the company in the Twen- 
 tieth Ohio Regiment during the three months' 
 service in WestJ Virginia; enlisted in the Seventy- 
 fifth Ohio three years' regiment and ser\'ed during 
 its entire term of service in the campaigns of Gen- 
 eral Schenck in West Virginia, (General Sigel in 
 the Shenandoah Valley, General Pope, General 
 Hatch in Florida, and the siege of Charleston 
 under General (iillmore; successively promoted 
 to .second lieutenant, first lieutenant, and captain; 
 at the close of the war he studied law, and in 1867 
 was admitted to the bar at Hamilton, Ohio, where 
 he practiced his profession; in .January, 1871, was 
 elected city solicitor of Hamilton to lill a vacancy, 
 and was reelecte<l for the full term of two years; 
 elected prosecuting attorney for Butler County in 
 1873, which office he held for the full term; n(.)mi- 
 nated for the State senate of Ohio in 1875 as a 
 Repuljlican, but was defeated; elected to the 
 Forty-seventh Congress as a Republican; received 
 the certificate of election to the Forty-eighth Con- 
 gress, but was unseated by Campbell'; reelected to 
 the Fifty-first Congress; resumed the practice of 
 law at Dayton, Ohio; member of the Dayton State 
 Hospital for the Insane; died December 30, 1902, 
 at Dayton, Ohio. 
 
 Morgan, Charles Henry, of Lamar, Mo., was 
 born at New York July 5, 1843; educated in the 
 Wisconsin common schools and at the Fond du Lac 
 High School; studied law; graduated from the 
 Ali)any Law School in 1866; served in the Federal 
 Army four years and three months as a private, 
 noncommissioned officer, second and first lieuten- 
 ant, and captain in the First and Twenty-first 
 Wisconsin Infantry; prosecuting attorney oi' Bar- 
 ton County, Mo., for four years; a meml)er of the 
 Missouri legislature 1872-^1874; member of the 
 Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses, and 
 elected to the Forty-eighth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; delegate to the Democratic national conven- 
 tion at Cincinnati in 1880; Democratic elector at 
 large in 1888; elected to thf Fifty-third Congress; 
 served in the war with Siiain as lieutenant-colonel 
 of the Fifth Missouri Volunteer Infantry. 
 
 Morgan, Christopher (brother of Edwin B. 
 Morgan), was born at Aurora, N. Y., June 4, 1808; 
 received a classical education ; graduated from Yale 
 College in 18:W; studied law; admitted to the bar, 
 and began practice at Auburn, N. Y.; elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Twenty- 
 sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses as a Whig; 
 secretary of state of New York 184S-1S52; mayor 
 of Auburn in 1860; trustee of State lunatic asylum 
 at Utica; died at Auburn, N. Y., April 3, 18f7. 
 
 Morgan, Daniel, was born in Hunterdon 
 County, N. J., in 1736; farm laborer; moved to 
 
7U4 
 
 CON(}KE8SH)NAI> UIRKCTOKY. 
 
 Virginin; cntored the army cominaiuUMl l>y Gen- 
 t-nil Hrii'liliii-k in IT-'i'i iu« a \va;;wni'r; entered llie 
 Cniitinental Army and served lliri)llj:li tlie Revn- 
 lution, atlainiri;; the r.mk of hri;;adier-j;eneral; re- 
 tired alter the war to liis estate kmiwn as "Sara- 
 ti)}»a," near Wiiu-hester; commanded thi' Virj;inia 
 militia ordered ont hy President Wasliinnton in 
 1794 to sn|>|>ress the whisky insnrreetion in Penn- 
 sylvania; eieeted a Kepresentative from Virginia 
 to the Kifth C'on^rress ana federalist, lint the eer- 
 titicati- of eleeticin was jjiven Knhert Hiitherlonl: 
 alter a contest Mr. Morgan was (;iven I he seat .May 
 15, 1797; served nntil .March .". 17!l!t; declined ri'- 
 election on acconnt of ill health; died at Win- 
 chester, Ya., July (>, 1^02. 
 
 morgan, Edwin B. (hrother of Christopher 
 Morjran i, was liorn at .\iirora, X. Y., May L', ISOti; 
 received a public school ed neat ion; electeij a Ke|)re- 
 nentative from New York to the Thirty-third, 
 Thirtv-fonrth, and Thirly-liftli Conjiresses a.s a 
 Repul)liean; interested in the New York Times; 
 trustee of Cornell UniverHitv 18()5-1874: died in 
 Aurora, N. Y., Octoher 13, 1881. 
 
 Morgan, Edwin D., was horn at Washington, 
 Mass.. Feliruary H, ISU; receiveil a puhlic echool 
 education; engaged in trrocery business at Hart- 
 ford, Conn., and afterwards New YorkCitv; meni- 
 l)er of city council at Hartford iu is:i2; alderman 
 of New York City in 184il; memherof State senateof 
 New York 1850-lS.");?; State commissioner of immi- 
 ffration IS55-18oS; chairmanof l\cpul)li<'annational 
 committee iu ls5ii-lS(i4; chairman of I'liion Con- 
 gressional committee in lsi>4; governor of State of 
 New York IS."i!l-18()2; major-general of volunteers 
 from Septeinher2H, 18(il, to January 1, 18(13; elected 
 a I'nited States Senator from New York as u L'nion 
 Republican (tosucceed Preston King, Repulilican), 
 serving from March 4, 18ti3, to March 3, 186!); de- 
 clined the office of Sei'retarv of the Treasury in 
 1S81; dieil at New York CityFebruary 14, 1883. 
 
 Morgan, George W., was born at Washington, 
 Pa., September 20, 182(1; left college in 18;i(i; en- 
 listed in company commanded by liis brother and 
 assisted Texas in gaining her independence, in 
 which service he rose to the rank of captain; re- 
 turned to the United States; studied law; admit- 
 ted to the bar and commenced practice at Mount 
 Yernon, Ohio, in 1843; commanded the Sciond 
 Ohio Volunteers in the Mexican war in 184(); in 
 the winter of 184t) and 1847 appointed colimel of 
 the new Fifteenth Infantrv, which he commanded, 
 under ( ieneral S<'ott, until the clo.-e of the war; 
 brevetted brigadier-general in the Regular .\rniy; 
 appointed consul at Marseille in 18.V->; appointeil 
 minister resident at Lisbon in 18."i8; on the break- 
 ing f>ut of the reliellion. as brigadier-general of 
 volunteers he hail command of the Seventh Divi- 
 sion of the Army of the ( >hio; with (ieneral Sher- 
 man at Yicksburg; a.ssigneil to the Thirteenth 
 .\rniv Corj)s; in command at the taking of Fort 
 Hiniimiin, in .Xrkan.sas; resigne<l in 18(53 on ac- 
 count of ill health; defeated for governor of Ohio 
 in 18t).T; claimed to have been elected Representa- 
 tive from Ohio to the Fortieth Congrc-ss as a Deni- 
 ocnit, but the House gave the seat to Columbus 
 Delano, Whig; elected to the Forty-lirst and 
 Forty-secon<l Congre.s«es, defeated for reelection 
 to the Forty-third; dele^rateat largi> to the national 
 Democratic convention at St. Louis in 1876; died 
 July 2H, 1803. 
 
 Morgan, James, was horn at Amboy, N. J., in 
 17SH; receiveil public school education, served as 
 an officer in the New Jersey line ilnrin'.j the Revo- 
 
 lutionary war; elected Representative from New 
 Jersey to the Twelfth Congress as a Federalist, 
 serving from November 4, 1811, to March 3, 1813; 
 became major-general of militia; died at South 
 Amboy, .\. J., September 14, 1822. 
 
 Morgan, James Bright, was born in ]>incolu 
 County, Tenn., .March 14, I8.35; brought hy his 
 parents to De Soto County, .Mi.ss,, in IS4(); re- 
 ceiveil an academii- education, studied law at 
 Ih'rnando and admitted to the bar in 18.">7; when 
 not engaged in the public service practiceil his 
 profession; elected judge of probate Ijefore the 
 war; resigned ami mustered into the Confederate 
 States service as a private; elected captain, and in 
 the organization of the Twenty-ninth .Mississippi 
 Infantry elected m.ijor; jiromoted lieutenant- 
 colonel and colonel; at the close of the war again 
 elected judge; member of the State senate of Mis- 
 sissip|)i in 187(1-1878 and chairman of the commit- 
 tee on the judiciary; appointed, in (h'tober, 1878, 
 by the governor, chancellor of the third chancery 
 district, and served for four years; elected to the 
 Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses and reelecteil 
 to the Fiftv-lirst Congress as a Democrat; died 
 June 18, 18!)2. 
 
 Morgan, John J., was born in Queens County, 
 N. Y., in 17(l!t; received an ai'ailemic education; 
 member of State hou.se of representatives in 1819; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Seventeenth and Kighteenth Congre.s.ses; elected 
 to the Twenty-third Congre.as (in place of Cor- 
 nelius W. Law rence, resigned I as a Democrat, 
 .-serving from December 1, 1834, t(j .March 3, I8."5iS; 
 ag-ain memU'r of State hou.se of repre.seiitatives 
 in 183H and 1840; died at Port Chester, N. Y., 
 July 29, 1849. 
 
 Morgan, John T., of Selma, .\la., was born at 
 Athens, McMinn County, Tenn., Jime 20, 1824; 
 receiveil an academic education, chielly in Ala- 
 bama, to which State he emigrated w hen 9 years 
 old; studied law; admitted to the liarin 184.">, and 
 jiracticed nntil elected to the Senate; Presidential 
 elector in 18(10 I'or the State at large, and voted for 
 Breckinridge and l^ne; delegate in 18()1 from 
 Dallas County to the .state convention which pas-^ed 
 the ordinance of secession; joined the Confederate 
 army in May, istil, as a private in Company 1, 
 Cahawha Rilles, and when that company was 
 assigned to the Fifth .\labama Regiment, under 
 Col. Robert K. Rodes, was elected major and lieu- 
 tenant-colonel of that regiment; conimi.ssione<l in 
 1862 as colonel, and raised the Filty-lirst AiabiJina 
 Regiment; appointed brigadier-general in 18(13 and 
 assigned to a brigade in Virginia, but resigned to 
 join his regiment, whose colonel had U'en killed 
 in battle; later in ls63 again ap|«iinteil brigadier- 
 general and ivssigned loan .\laljama brig:ide which 
 included his regiment; alter the war resumed (he 
 practice of his profession at .S.»lma; Presidential 
 elector for the State at large in 1876, and votetl for 
 Tilden and Hendricks; electe<l to the L'nitetl 
 States Senate as a Democrat, to snccee<l George 
 Goldthwaite, Democrat, and took his si'at March 
 5, 1877; reelected in 18.S2, 1.S.S8, 1894, and Novem- 
 iK'r 17, 1900. for the term expiring 1907; inemlier 
 of a commission to j)repare a system of iaws for the 
 Hawaiian Islands. 
 
 Morgan, Stephen, of (^ak Hill. Ohio, was bom 
 in .lack-oil County. Ohio, .lanuarv 2."i, I8.i4, was 
 reareil on a farm and educated in the country 
 schools and at Worthington and Lebanon, Ohio; 
 taught in the public schools ot J acks<jn County lor 
 a number of years; school examiner for nine years 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 705 
 
 and principal of Oak Hill Academy for fifteen 
 years; elected to the Fifty-sixtli and Fifty-seventh 
 Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Morgan, William S., was burn in Monongalia 
 County, Va., Septcnilier 7, 1801; received a public 
 school education, and reared on a farm; elected a 
 Representati\e from Virginia to the Twenty-fourth 
 and Twenty-fifth Congresses as a Democrat, serv- 
 ing from Decendjer 7, 1835, to ISfarch 3, 1839; ap- 
 pointed a clerk in the House of Representatives in 
 1840; a member of the State house of representa- 
 tives; Presidential elector on the Polk and Dallas 
 ticket in 1844; appointed to a clerkship in the 
 Treasury Department. 
 
 Morphis, Joseph L. , was born in McNairy 
 County, Tenn., April 17, 1831; brought up as a 
 planter; a Wliigmember of the State legislature of 
 Tennessee ifi 1859; entered the Confederate army 
 as captain in August, 1861, and served until the 
 surrender; moved to Mississijipi in 1863; elected 
 to the State constitutional convention of Mississippi 
 in 1865; a member of the State legislature of ]\Iis- 
 aissippi in 1866-1868; elected a Representative from 
 INIississippi to the Forty-first and Forty-secf)nd 
 Congresses as a Republican, serving from February 
 23, 1870, to March 3, 1873; appointed marshal of 
 the northern district of Mississippi by President 
 Hayes. 
 
 Morrell, Daniel J., was born at North Ber- 
 wick, iMe. , August 8, 1 821 ; received a public school 
 education; moved to Philadelphia in 1836; entered 
 a counting room as clerk, and l)ecame intere.sted 
 in business; moved in 1855 to Johnstown, Pa., 
 where he manufactured iron; held several local 
 offices; elected a Representative from Pennsylvania 
 to the Fortieth and Forty-finst Congresses as a Re- 
 publican, serving from March 4, 1867, to March 3, 
 1871; defeated asthe Republican candidate for the 
 Forty-second Congress. 
 
 Morrell, Edward, of Torresdale Philadelphia, 
 Pa., was born at Newport, R. I., August 7, 1862; 
 studied law at the University of Pennsylvania, 
 graduating with high iKjnors in 1885; elected to 
 the select council of Philadelphia in 1891, serving 
 three years; active in the National Guard of Penn- 
 sylvania, entering that organization as colonel of 
 the Third Regiment, and afterwards being com- 
 missioned as brigadier-general, commanding the 
 First Brigade; nominated by the Republican con- 
 vention to till the vacancy in the Fifty-sixth Con- 
 gress caused by the death of Hon. A. C. Harmer, 
 and elected ; reelected to the Fifty-seventh Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Morril, David Lawrence, was born at Epping, 
 N. H.. June 10, 1772; received an academic edu- 
 cation; studied medicine, and connnenced practice 
 at Epping in 1793; turned his attention to theol- 
 ogy, and was made pastor of the Congregational 
 Church at Goffstown 1802-181 1 ; practiced medicine 
 1807-1830; meraberof the State houseof represent- 
 atives 1808-1817; elected a United States Senator 
 from New Hampshire as an Adams Democrat, 
 serving from December 1, 1817, to Mar<'h 3, 1823; 
 elected a member of the State senate, and served 
 1823-24; candidate for governor of New Hamp- 
 shire in 1824; there was no choice by the people; 
 elected Ijy the convention, and the next two years 
 elected by the people to the same office; nioved 
 in 1831 to Concord, where he edited the New- 
 Hampshire Observer; died at Concord, N. H., 
 January 28, 1849. 
 
 Morrill, Anson P., was born at Belgrade, Me., 
 June 10, 1803; received a public school education; 
 
 engaged in mercantile and manufacturing pursuits; 
 member of the State houseof representatives; gov- 
 ernor of Maine in 1855; elected a Representative 
 from Maine to the TInrty-seventli Congress as a 
 Republican, serving from July 4, 1861, to March 
 
 3, 1863; died at Augusta, Me., July 4, 1887. 
 
 Morrill, Edmund N., of Hiawatha, Kans., was 
 born at Westljrook, Cumlierland County, Me., 
 February 12, 1834; received a counnon English 
 education at Westbrook Seminary; banker; mem- 
 ber of the Territorial legislature of Kansas in 1857; 
 enlisted in the Union ArmyOctol)er5, 1861; elected 
 sergeant October 10, 1861 ; appointed commissary 
 of sul).*istence in August, 1862; nuistered out as 
 major in October, 1865; elected clerk of the district 
 court in Brown County, Kans. , in 1866 and reelected 
 in 1868; elected county clerk in 1867 and reelected 
 in 1869 and 1871 ; elected State senator of Kansas in 
 1872 and reelected in 1876; elected president pro 
 tempore of the senate in 1879; elected to the Forty- 
 eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Con- 
 gresses as a Republican; governor of Kansas 1894- 
 1896. 
 
 Morrill, Justin Smith, was born at Strafford, 
 Vt., April 14, 1810; received a common school 
 and academic education; merchant and afterwards 
 engage<l in agricultural |)ursuits; a Representative 
 to the Tliirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth, Thirty-sixth, 
 Thirty-seventii, Thirty-eightli, and Thirty-ninth 
 Congresses; elected to the United States'Senate 
 as a Union Republican, to succeed Luke P. Po- 
 land, Union Re])ul5lican, and took his seat March 
 
 4, 1867; reelected in 1872, 1878, 1884, 1890, and 
 1896; regent of the Smithsonian Institution; died 
 at Washington, D. C., December 28, 1898. 
 
 Morrill, Xiot M., was born at Belgrade, Me., 
 
 May 3, 1813; a student at AVatervilleColIege, Maine; 
 studied and jiracticed law; member of the State 
 legislature in 1854 and 1856, presiding over the 
 senate the last year; governor of Maine 1858-1860; 
 elected a United States Senator from Maine as a 
 Re|)ul)lican (to fill the vacancy created by the elec- 
 tion of Hannibal HamUn to the Vice-Presidencv) 
 and took his seat January 17, 1861; reelected "in 
 1863; appointed in December, 1869, and afterwards 
 elected by the legislature, to fill tiie vacancy occa- 
 sioned by the death of AVilliaiii Pitt Fess'enden; 
 reelected as a Republican in 1871 ; served until July 
 7, 1876, when he liecame Secretary of the Treasury, 
 serving until JIarch 8, 1877; appointed by Presi- 
 dent Hayes collector of customs at Portland, 5Ie., 
 in 1877; died at Augusta, Me., January 10, 1883. 
 
 Morrill, Samuel P., was born at Chesterville, 
 Franklin County, .^le., February 11, 1816; received 
 an academic education and adopted the profession 
 of a clergyman; elected in 185", for five years, 
 register of deeds for Franklin County, and re- 
 elected to the same office in 1867; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Maine to the Forty-first Congress 
 as a Republican. 
 
 Morris, Calvary, was borninA'irginia; received 
 a iiublic school education; nioved to Ohio and 
 located at Athens: elected a Representative from 
 (.»hio to the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig; re- 
 elected to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty -seventh 
 Congresses, serving from September 4," 1837, to 
 March 3, 184.3. 
 
 Morris, Charles, was a Delegate from Pennsyl- 
 vania to the Continental Congress 1783-84. 
 
 Morris, Daniel, was born in Seneca County, 
 N. Y., January 4, 1812; received a public school 
 education; studied law; began practicing at Penn 
 
 H. Doc. 458- 
 
 -45 
 
rod 
 
 CONciKKSSldNAL UIHKCTt'KV. 
 
 Yan: ilistrirt attornoy for Yates Coiinly: meinlM'r 
 of llii- State liiiiisf 111' rciirisiMitativcs in isriil; 
 flocteil a Ui'prfSiTitativi' iMiii New York to tlic 
 Tliirty-cightli ('i)iinri'H.s iv a Keimhlii'air, recU'Ctotl 
 to the Tliirtv-iiinlh t'oiiuTcss; ijied at I'l'iin Yan. 
 N. Y., April I'L'. issii. 
 
 filorris, Edward Joy, was horn at Philadpl- 
 phia, I'a., July U>, 18h">: unuluati-il from Harvard 
 ColU-pf in isijti; nionilH-r of the State liouse <>f 
 rei>resentatives 1S41-1,S4.!; eleeteil a Hepresentative 
 from Pennsylvania to theTwenty-eitihtli ('ontrress 
 as a Whi-r: charge d'affaires to Naples January "JO, 
 1850, t<) Anjinst 2t>, IS'i.'i; a^ain nieniher of the 
 State hon.-o of rei)resentatives in isritl; I'leeted a 
 Kepresentative to the Thirty-filth and I'hirty- 
 sixth C'on;;resses; appointed minister resident to 
 Turkey June S, 18(il: served until Oetoher 25, 
 1870; puhlished a tour throujih Turkey, (ireeee, 1 
 and Kgypt, and several other valuable hooks on 
 life abroad; died at I'liiladelphia, I'a., I)eeeniV)er 
 31. ISSl. 
 
 Morris, Gouverneur (brother of Lewis Mor- 
 ris), was born at Morrisania, N. Y., Jamiary 31, 
 17.5'J; received a classii-al education: studied law, 
 and in 1771 hejian ]iractice in New York; member 
 of New York i>rovincial congress; Pelejjate from 
 New York to the Continental Congress 17S7-S8; 
 apiHiinted assistant linaneier in 17S1: niendier of 
 the convention which framed the Constitution of 
 the Cnited Statesin 1787: minister pleni])otentiary 
 to France January 12, 17!'!', until Au;;usl 15, 1794; 
 elected a I'nited States Senator from Pennsylvania 
 as a Fedendist Ajjril 7, ISOO (in the placeof James 
 Watson, resij;ned), and served from May 3, 1800, 
 to March 8, 1803; moved to New Y'ork, and in 
 1810 a])iiointed chairman of the canal commission: 
 died at Morrisania, N. Y., November U, 1816. 
 
 Morris, Isaac N. (son of Thomas Morris and 
 brother of .h.iiathan 1'. Morris), was born at 
 Bethel, Ohio, .huuuiry 22, 1812: reeeiveil an aca- 
 demic e<hicalion; studied law, anil bepan practice 
 at (iuincy, 111., in 183f): apiminted secretary of 
 ptate for lllimiis in 1840. but declined; chosen 
 presi<lent of the Illinois and Michigan L'anal Com- 
 pany in 1.S41; mendier of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives in 184ii; elected a Representative from 
 Illinoistr>the Thirty-fifth Conjrre.-'s iis a Democrat, 
 anil reelected to the Thirty-sixth Congress; ap- 
 pointed a commissioner for the Pacific Railroad 
 in 1.869; died October 29, 1879, at tiuincy. 111. 
 
 Morris, James R. (son of Joseph >[orri8), was 
 horn in (inene County, Pa., January 10. 1820; 
 received a public school education; movi'd with 
 his parents to Ohio; elected a member of the State 
 house fif representatives in 1848; eleeteil a Reiire- 
 sentative fiom Ohioto the Thirty -seventh Congress 
 as a Democrat, and reelected to the Thirty-eighth 
 Congre.«.«; ilefeated for the Thirty-ninth Congress. 
 
 Morris, Jonathan D. ( son of Thomas Morris), 
 was born in <)hioin 1804: nceiveda ]public school 
 education; studied law and began jmictice at 
 Ratavia, Ohio; for twenty years clerk of the courts 
 of Clermont County ; elected a Representative from 
 Ohioto the Thirtieth and Thirty-lirst Congres.ses 
 as a Democrat; died at Connersville. Jnd., May 16, 
 1.S75. 
 
 Morris, Joseph (father of J.imos R. Morris!, 
 was born in <in>ene County, Pa., October Hi, 1795, 
 received public school education; wheelwright; 
 plieriff of tireene County 1824; moved to Woods- 
 field, Ohio, in 1829 where he engaged in mercan- 
 tile ]iursuit,s; member of the .stale house of repre- 
 sentatives in 1,H33-:J4; treasurer i if Monroe Countv; 
 
 elected a Representative from ( >hio to the Twenty- 
 eighth and "rweiitv-ninth Congre8.ses as a Demo- 
 crat: died at W'oodstield, Ohio, October 23, 
 ls.54. 
 
 Morris, Lewis (brother of (iouvernenr Mor- 
 ris), was born at Morrisania, X. Y.,in 172t); grad- 
 uated from Yali' College iji 1746; devoted himself 
 to agricultural pui-suits; Delegate from New York 
 to the Continental Congress 177.5-1777; held the 
 commission of major-general of militia; died at 
 .Morrisania, N. Y.. January 22, 1798. 
 
 Morris, Lewis R. , was Ixirn in Vermont in 
 
 1753; received putilic school education: elected 
 a I{epre.<entative from Vermont to the Filth. Sjxth, 
 and Seventh Congresses: died at S)>ringlield, Vt., 
 Dec<'mber 29, 1.S25. 
 
 Morris, Mathias, was born at Iiyitown. Pa., 
 in 17,85; received a iniblic school education; elect- 
 ed a Representative from I'ennsylvania to the 
 Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Congresses as a 
 Whig; defeated for the Twenty-sixtli Congress; 
 died at Doylestown. Pa., November 9, 1839. 
 
 Morris, Page, <if Duluth, ^Minn., was horn June 
 30. 1853, at l.ynchburg, Va.: educated at a jirivate 
 school and at William and Mary College, and the 
 Virginia Military Institute; graduated from the 
 latter institution in 1872, and at once ajipointed 
 a.-isistant profes.Mirof mathematics; ajipointed pro- 
 fessor of mathematics in the Texas Military Insti- 
 tute in 1873, and moved to Austin, Tex.: elwted 
 professor of applied mathematics in the Agricul- 
 tural and .Meihaniial College of Texas in 1876, 
 located near Bryan, in that State, where he re- 
 mained for three years; studied law \vliilp teach- 
 ing in college, aiiA admitted to the bar at Lynch- 
 burg, \'a., whither be had returned in 1S80; nomi- 
 nated by the Republicans in 1884 and ran forCon- 
 gre.^s in the Sixth district of Virginia against John 
 \V. Daniel, Democrat, and defeated; moved from 
 Lynchburg to Duluth in 1886; in February. 1889, 
 elected municipal judge of the city of Duiuth; in 
 March, 1,S94, elected by the city council of Duluth 
 city attorney: in August, 1895, appointed by the 
 governor district judge of the eleventh judicial dis- 
 trict of Minnesota; in July. 1896, elected to the 
 I Fifty-tilth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Con- 
 I gresses as a Republican: refused to In- a candidate 
 for the Fifty-eighth Congre.-'s; appointed I'nited 
 States district judge in Minnesota. 
 
 Morris, Robert, was born at Liverpool, Kng- 
 , land. January 20, 1734: came to Oxford, Md.. in 
 1747; recciveil a jiublic school education; mer- 
 (liantat Philadelphia: Delegatefrom Pem)sylvania 
 to the Continental Congress; signer of the Decla- 
 ration of Indeiiendence: sui)erintenilent of finance 
 17S1-I784: mendier of Pennsylvania legislature in 
 , 1786; DeliL'ate from Pennsylvania to the conven- 
 tion which framed the Federal Constitution in 
 I 1787; I'nited States Senator from Pennsylvania 
 17,S9-1795: declined ]>osition of Secretary of the 
 Treasury under President Washington; became 
 linaneially involved by unsuccessful land sju'cula- 
 tions. which were the cause of pa.-ising the latter 
 years of his life in a debtor's jail; died at Phila- 
 ilelphia. May 8. 18t)6. 
 
 Morris, Samuel W. . w.is liorn in Pennsylva- 
 nia in 178.><: received an academic education; 
 studied law; admitteil to the bar, and conuuencisl 
 practice at Wellsboro: elected a Representative 
 from Peiinsvlvania to the Twenty-lifth and 
 Twentv-sixtli Congresses as a Democrat, serving 
 from ,S'pteinl er 4, 1.S37. to Man-h 3, l.'<41 di. d at 
 WellslKiro, Pa., May 25, 1847. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 707 
 
 Morris, Thomas (father of Iwuic N. ^lorris ami 
 Jonathan H. Morris), was born in Virginia Janu- 
 ary 3, 1776; received a pnblic school education; 
 moved when 19 years of age to Ohio, and finally 
 located at Bethel; member of the State senate or 
 house of representatives 1.S06-1830; chief judge of 
 Ohio 1830-1833; elected a United States Senator 
 from Ohio as a Democrat, serving from December 
 2, 1833, to March 3, 1839; died at Bethel, Ohio, 
 December 7, 1844. 
 
 Morris, Thomas, resided in Canandaigua; was 
 a mendier of the State house of representatives 
 1794-1796; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Seventh Congress. 
 
 Morrison, G-eorge W. , was born at Fairlee, 
 Vt., October Hi, 1809; received a public school 
 education; nroved to ilanchester, N. H.; studied 
 law; admitted to the bar and practiced; elected a 
 Representative from New Hampshire to the Thirty- 
 first Congress (in place of James Wilson, resigned) 
 as a Democrat; defeated as the Democratic candi- 
 date for the Thirty-second Congress; elected to the 
 Thirty-third Congress; defeated as the Democratic 
 candidate for the Thirty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Morrison, James L. D., was liorn in Illinois; 
 received an academic education: studied law; ad- 
 mitted to the bar an<l commenced practice at 
 Belleville; served in the Mexican waras lieutenant- 
 colonel of Bissell's regiment of Illinois volunteers 
 July 1, 1846, to July 1, 1847; a member of the 
 State senate of Illinois in 1854; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Illinois to the Thirty-fourth Con- 
 gress (in place <>{ Lyman Trumbull, elected Sena- 
 tor) as an Old-Line Whig. 
 
 Morrison, John A. , was born in Pennsylvania; 
 received a jjulilic school education; resided at 
 Cochranville; elected a Representative from Penn- 
 sylvania to the Thirty-second Congress as a Dem- 
 ocrat. 
 
 Morrison, William R. , of Waterloo, 111., was 
 born in Monroe County, 111., Septemlier 14, 18i5; 
 educated in the common schoolsand at McKendree 
 College, Illinois; lawyer by profession; clerk of 
 the circuit court; four terms a member and one 
 term speaker of the Illinois house of represent- 
 atives; elected to the Thirty-eighth, Forty-third, 
 Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, and Forty-sixth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; reelected to the Forty- 
 seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Congresses; 
 at the expiration of Congressional ser\ice was 
 appointed by President Cleveland a member of 
 the Interstate Commerce Commission; reappointed 
 by President Harrison in July, 1892; chairnian of 
 the Commission from September, 1891, to Decem- 
 ber 31, 1897, when he was succeeded by W. J. 
 Calhoun, Republican; returned to his home, where 
 he pra<'ficed his profession. 
 
 Morrissey, John, was born in County Ti|.- 
 perary, Ireland, February 12, 1831; came to this 
 country in 18:^3 with his parents, who settled at 
 South Troy, N. Y.;- received a limited pulilic 
 school education ; worked as a molder in an iron 
 foundry; went to New York in the Presidential 
 carajiaign of 1848 as an anti-Tammany shoulder 
 hitter; went to California in 18.t1; fought a prize 
 fight at Mare Island with Thompson for §2,000 a 
 side, and won; returned to New York and fought 
 a prize fight at Boston Four Corners, October 12, 
 1853, with Yankee Sullivan, for SI, 000 a side, and 
 won after thirty-seven rounds; fought a prize 
 fight at Long Point Island, Canada, (October 20, 
 1858, with John C. Heenan, for $2,500 a side, and 
 won in the eleventh round; retired from the 
 
 prize ring and became the proprietor of gaudjling 
 houses at New York and at Saratoga; purchased 
 the controlling interest in the Saratoga race course 
 in 1863; elected a Representative from New York 
 to the Fortieth Congress as a Democrat; reelecteil 
 to the Forty-first Congress; engaged in New York 
 jiolitics as an opponent of Tammany Hall; elected 
 to the State senate of New York in 1875 and re- 
 elected in 1877; vi-sited Florida for his health, and 
 returned to die at Saratoga Springs, May 1, 1878. 
 
 Morrow, Jeremiah, was born at Gettysljurg, 
 Pa.. OrtcilierG, 1771: received a public school edu- 
 ciition ; moved to the Northwest Territory ( now the 
 State of Ohio) in 1795; member of the Territorial 
 house of representatives in 1800; elected the first 
 Representative from the State of Ohio to the Eighth 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the Ninth, 
 Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses, serving 
 fromOctober 17, 1803, to March 3, 1813; elected 
 a United States Senator from Ohio, serving from 
 I\Iay 24, 1813, to March 3, 1819; Presidential 
 elector on the ^Monroe ticket in 1821; governor of 
 Ohio 1822-1826; State canal commi.'^sioner; elected 
 to the Twenty-sixth Congress (in jilace of Thomas 
 Corwin, resigned) as a Whig; reelected to the 
 Twentv-seventh Congress, serving from December 
 7, 1840, to March 3, 1843; died" at Twentymile 
 Stand, Ohio, March 22, 18.52. 
 
 Morrow, John, was elected a Representative 
 from Vii-ginia ti) the Ninth Congress; reelected to 
 the Tenth Congress, serving from December 2, 
 1805, to March 3, 1809. 
 
 Morrow, William W., of San Francisco, Cal., 
 was born near Milton, Wayne Count}', Ind., July 
 15, 1S43; moved with his parents to Illinois in 
 1845 and settled in Adams County; went to Cali- 
 fornia in 1859; received a common school educa- 
 tion, supplemented by private tuition in special 
 branches; joined a party which discovered gold 
 placers on the headwaters of the John Day River 
 in Oregon in the spring of 1862; engaged in mining 
 for a season; returned East in January, 1863; 
 served in the National Rifles, a military organiza- 
 tion raised in the District of Columbia; appointed 
 special agent of the Treasury Department in Jan- 
 uary, 1865, and placed in charge of a large ship- 
 ment of treasure to California; employed during 
 the next four years in confidential positions under 
 the Secretary of the Treasury; studied law; ad- 
 mitted to the bar in 1869; assistant United States 
 attorney for California 1870-1874; chairman of 
 the Republican State central comnnttee of Cali- 
 fornia 1879-1882; attorney for the State board of 
 harbor commissioners 1880-1883; chairman of the 
 California delegation to the national Republican 
 convention at Chicago in 1884; elected to the Forty- 
 ninth Congress as a Republican; reelected to the 
 Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses; United States 
 circuit judge ninth judicial circuit of California. 
 
 Morse, Elijah Adams, was born at South Bend, 
 Ind., :\Iay 25, 1 841 ; moved with his parents toMas- 
 sachusetts in his childhood; received his education 
 in the public schoc Js of Massachu.setts and at Onon- 
 daga Academy, New York; business man and man- 
 ufacturer; a soldier in the Fourth Massachusetts 
 Regiment in the war of the rebellion, enlisting at 
 the age of 19; served three months under General 
 Butler in Virginia and one year under General 
 Banks in Louisiana: taken prisoner at the capture 
 of Brashear C^ity, La. ; entered the service as a pri- 
 vate and promoted to corporal; served a term in 
 the jNIassacdiusetts house of representatives in 1876; 
 inember of the State senate in 1886, and reelected 
 in 1887; elected a member of the governor's council 
 
7(t8 
 
 CONOKKSSIoNAI. IUKKC ToKV. 
 
 in 1S77; flci'ti'il a Kc|in'Sontativi' Iroiii Mn.-^a<liii- 
 M-tl." til tlic Kifly-lirst ('ciiij.Tc.-'O as a Urpiililiian; 
 ivclfctcil to tlic Kil'ty-sccniul, Killy-tliird. ami 
 Fifty-I'imrtli ('onurcsj'O!'; (IkhI .luni" 5, 1898. 
 
 Morse, Freeman H., was Imni at Hatli, Mc, 
 Fi'liiuary is, 1807; rcri-ivt'il a jiiiMii' scIukiI t-iluca- 
 tioii; iiuiiilicr 111' Stall- lioiisi' (if ri'iircsentativus 
 18411-18-14; iiiaynr <if Hath; fleeted a Kepreseiita- 
 tive fiiiiii Maine to tlie Twenty-eighth Conffress as 
 a Whij:; a^rain nienilier of State hmiseof re|ire- 
 sentatives 18;i:{-18.")t>; elected to the Thirty-lifth 
 ('oii)iress as a l{e|iuliliean; reeleefed to llieTliirty- 
 sixth Conjrress; nietidierof peaie ioii^.'iess in lS(il; 
 aiipointed hy President l.inioln eonsnl at London. 
 
 Horse, Isaac Edwards, wa.>( horn at Attakapas, 
 La.. May L'L', 1809; received a military and clas- 
 sical eihication at the academy of ( aptain I'art- 
 ridfieand at Harvard College; grailnateil from the 
 latter institnlion in 181.'9; studied law; admitted to 
 the liar; pracliceil at New Iheria; mem her of the 
 Statesenate; elected a Ueiiresentativefrom Louisi- 
 ana to the Twenty-eightli Congress (in pla<e of 
 I'eterK. I'.ossier, deceased )asa Democrat; reeU'cted 
 to the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-lirst 
 Congresses; defeated for the Thirty-second Con- 
 gre.ss; attorney-gener.il of Louisiana; appointi'd 
 hy I'resident I'ien c minister to Newtiranada to 
 demand indemnity for the murder of .\merican 
 citizens crossing the Isthmus; I'ollowcd the fortunes 
 of Ixiuisiana in her secession from the L'nion; died 
 at New Orleans Fehruary 11, 1.8(i(!. 
 
 Morse, Leopold, was hfirn at Wachenheim, 
 Bavaria, .Vugust 15, 1831; received a common school 
 eihication at Wachenheim; came to the United 
 Statesin early life; merchant; tw ice elected a dele- 
 giite to the national Democratic con vent ion; elected 
 a Kejircseutative from Ma.s.sachu.-'etts to the Korty- 
 lifth. Korty-sixth, Forty-seventh. Forty-eighth, and 
 Fiftieth Congresses as a Democnit; died December 
 1.'), 1S9L'. at Boston. 
 
 Morse, Oliver Andrew, was born at Cherrv 
 Valley, Otsego County, X. Y., March 2(i, 181.5; 
 received a chussical education; graduated from 
 Hamilton College, New York, in 18.'!;{; studied 
 law; adndttcd to the harand commenced imictice 
 at Cherry Valley; elected a Kepresentative from 
 New York to t lie Thirtv-tifth Congres.sasa Kepub- 
 lican; died at Cherry S'alley .\pril 20, 1870. 
 
 Morton, Jackson, was horn in Spottsylvania 
 County, Va., .\ugust 10, 1794; received a public 
 school education; moved to rensjicola, Fla., where 
 he engaged in lumber business; elected a United 
 States Senator from Florida as a Whig, serving 
 from DecendxT .S, 1849, to March :!, 18.").t; deputy 
 to the provisional congre.-^s of the Sonthern Slates, 
 wliichiLssendiledat Montgomery in February, 18(il ; 
 member of Confe<lerate conBre.s.s I8()L>-18i>."); died 
 in Santa UogaCounty, Fla., Novemln^r 20, 1874. 
 
 Morton, Jeremiah, was liorn in Virginia; resi- 
 dent of Haci'oon Ford; elected a Keiiresentative 
 totlieThirty-fii-st Congress as a Democrat; defeated 
 for reelection to the Thirty-Hccond Congre.s«. 
 
 Morton, John, wax born at Kidley, I'a., in 1724; 
 received a publicschool education; formally years 
 a land surveyor; member of the colonial general 
 a!4«*'mbly 17"ii>-17""i, .serving the last four years as 
 si>eaker; high sheriff 17t)ti-1770; judge of supreme 
 court of the province; Delegate to Continental 
 Congress fmiii I'ennsylvania 1774-1777; gave the 
 casting vote of the I'ennsylvania delegation on the 
 adoption of the Declaration of IndeiiendeiH-e; died 
 in Pennsylvania in April, 1777. 
 
 Morton, Marcus, was born at Freetown, Mass., 
 Deceiidier 19, 1784; received a cla-sical education, 
 gradiialinglrom lirown Cniversify in 1804; studiefl 
 law; admitted to the bar and comnience<| practice 
 at Taunton; clerk of Mas.sjichusett.s senate in 1811; 
 elected a Representative from .Mas.sjichu.setts to the 
 Fifteenth Congre.-^s as a Democrat; n'clected tothe 
 .sixteenth Congress; executive councilor in 182.S; 
 elected lieutenant-governor in 182:t; juilge of the 
 supreme lourt 1825-1840; governor of ^l!us.sal•hn- 
 setts 1840-41 and 184:{-44; ai>pointed by I'resident 
 Folk collector of lustoms at Boston, serving 1H4.">- 
 1S49; delegate tothe State con.stitutional conven- 
 tion of 18.'i:!; member of State house of rt'pre- 
 sentatives in 18.")8; died at Taunton, Mji-ss., Febru- 
 I ary (i, 18i)4. 
 
 Morton, Levi Parsons, of New York, N. Y., 
 was born at Shoreham, Vt., May Iti, 1824; re(*ive(l 
 a ])nblic school and academic eilucation; com- 
 menced mercantile business at Hanover, N. IL, 
 in 184.T; moved to Boston in 18.M)and to New York 
 in 18.")4; engaged in the banking business in l.Si;;} 
 in New York and London; appointed by thel'resi- 
 
 ' dent honorary commissioner to the Paris Fxhibi- 
 tionof 1S78; elected to the Forty-sixth Congress as 
 
 ; a Kepublican; Vice-President of the United States 
 1,889-1893. 
 
 Morton, Oliver P., was born in Wayne County, 
 liul., August 4, 182.>; apprenticed to a hatter at 
 the age of 1.5, and worked at the trade four years; 
 entered the Miami Cniversity; grailuated in 1843; 
 studied law; ailmitted to the bar in 1847, anil com- 
 menceil practice at Centerville, Ind.; ele<-teil cir- 
 cuit judge in 18.52; defeated as the Republican 
 nominee for governor in 18.5(i; elected lieutenant- 
 f governor in 18ti0, with thennderslandingthat (ien. 
 H. S. Lane, who was placeil at the head of the 
 ticket, was to be elected to the I'liited States Sen- 
 ate in the event of Republican succe-^s, w hich plan 
 was carried out, and he became governor of In- 
 diana; elect(Hl governor in 1804; elected Unite<l 
 States Senator as a l'nion Rei>uhlican, to succeed 
 Henry S. Lane, and reelected, .serving from March 
 4, 1.81)7, until his death at Indianapolis. Novemlier 
 1, 1877: stricken by partial paralysis in the fall of 
 l.St).5, from which he never recovered; compelUHl 
 to do his work by secretaries, to be carried in and 
 out of the Senate, and to address the Si'uate .seated, 
 died at Indianapolis, Ind., November 1, 1877. 
 
 Moseley, Jonathan Ogden, was born at Fast 
 Iladdam, Conn , in 171)2; graduated from Yale 
 College in 17.'<0; elected a Ke|)re.sentative from 
 Connecticut to the Ninth Congress as a Federalist; 
 reelected to the Tenth, Fleventh. Twelfth, Thir- 
 teenth, Fourteenth, Fifteenth, and Sixteenth Con- 
 gresses, serving from December 2. 1.80.5, to March 
 3, 1.821; moved to Saginaw, Mich., where lie diet! 
 Septeiiiln'r 9, 1 8,39. 
 
 Moseley, William Abbott, graduate<l from 
 Yale College in 18Ui; resiiled at Buffalo. N. Y.; 
 member of State house of rcprt'senlatives in 18,'J.5 
 and of State senate 1.838-1841: elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New York to the Twenty-eighth 
 Congre.ss as a Whig; reelecteii to the Twenty-ninth 
 CongreRs; died at New York Novemlier 19, 1H73. 
 
 I Moses, Charles L., of Turin. <ia.. was born in 
 Coweta County. <;a.. May 2. 1.8.5t); attendnl the 
 
 I country schools of his native county, and gnhluateil 
 from Slercer Cniversity in the cla.ss of 187t); l)e- 
 came a farmer and teacher; for .several years prin- 
 cipal of the Newman Male Seminary; after 1888 
 devoted his time exclusively to agricultural inter- 
 ests; niemljer of the Farmers' Alliance; elcctetl 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 (09 
 
 to the Fifty-second Congress as a Democrat, and 
 reelected to the Fifty-thinl and Fifty-fourth Con- 
 gresses. 
 
 Mosgrove, James, of Kittanning, Pa., was 
 born there July 14, 1821; received a common 
 school education; engaged in the iron business; 
 president of the First Xational Pank at Kittan- 
 ning. Pa.; elected to the Forty-seventh Congi'ess 
 as a Democrat and Greenbacker. 
 
 Moss, McKenzie, of Bowling Green, Ky., was 
 born January 3, 1868, on a farm in that section of 
 Christian Comity, Ky., known as "'Flat Lick;" 
 worked on a farm, and attended the neighborhood 
 schools during bo\'hood; held a position in the 
 Railway Mair iService 1888-1891; read law and 
 attended evening law class; ol)tained a license to 
 practice law in 189.'!, and located at Bowling Green, 
 where he engaged in the practice; as a Democrat 
 he opposed the nomination of William Goebel 
 for governor of Kentucky in 1899, and after his 
 nomination made common cause with the Repub- 
 licans of the State against his election; nominated 
 by the Republicans of the Third district in July, 
 1900, as their candidate for the Fifty-seventh 
 Congress as a Republican, and received upon the 
 face of the returns 19,344 votes; John S. Rhea, the 
 Democratic candidate, received Mlj.'SOO votes, and 
 H. S. Glenn, Populist, 148 votes; upon this show- 
 ing the certificate of election was given to Mr. 
 Rhea, and notice of contest was at once served 
 upon him; the contest was vigorously prosecuted 
 before Elections Conmiittee No. 1, of which Robert 
 W. Tayler, of Ohio, was chairman, resulting in a 
 report presented by the majority of that couunittee 
 to the House of Representatives declaring that 
 "McKenzie Moss was elected as a mem lier (if the 
 Fifty-seventh Congress," and on the 2.5th day of 
 March, 1902, that report was sustained on the 
 floor of the House and Mr. Moss was sworn in. 
 
 Mott, Gordon N. , was born at Zanesville, 
 Ohio, October 21, 1812; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; studied law; began practice at Zanesville in 
 1836; moved to Texas during its struggle for inde- 
 pendence and served nine months as a volunteer; 
 returned to Ohio and resumed the practice of law; 
 moved to California in 1849; elected judge of Sut- 
 ter County in 18.50; appointed district judge in 
 18.51; appointed justice of the su])reme court of 
 Nevada; elected a Delegate from Nevada Tcrritciry 
 to the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican 
 serving from January 11, 1864, to March 3, 1865' 
 
 Mott, James, was born in New Jersey; elected 
 a Representative from New Jersey to the Seventh 
 Congress; reelected to the P^ighth Congress, serv- 
 ing from December 7, 1801, to March 3, 180.5; for 
 many years treasurer of the State of New Jersey; 
 died at his residence near Shrewsburv, N. J., 
 December 10, 1813. 
 
 Mott, Richard, was liorn at Mamaroneck, 
 N. Y., July 21, 1804; educateil at the Quaker 
 Seminary in Dutchess County, N. Y.; engaged in 
 mercantile pursuits; moved "to Toledo, f>hio, in 
 1858, and entered into business there; elected a 
 Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-fourth 
 Congress as a Republican; reelected to theThirty- 
 fifth Congress, ser\ing from December 3, 1855, to 
 March 3. 1859. 
 
 Motte, Isaac, was born In South Carolina De- 
 cember 8, 17.')S; a Delegate from South Carolina to 
 the Continental Congress 1780-1782; died in South 
 Carolina Jlav 8, 1 79.5. 
 
 Moulton, Mace, was born in New Hampshire; 
 received a public school education; sheriff of Hills- 
 boro County in 1845; State councilor in 1848 and 
 1849; elected a Representative fi'om New Hamp- 
 shire to the Twentv-niuth Congress, serving from 
 December 1 , 1845, to March 3, 'l847. 
 
 Moulton, Samuel W., of Shelby ville. 111., was 
 born at Wenham, Mass., January 20, 1822; re- 
 ceived a public school education; moved to the 
 South, where he remained some years, and then 
 located in Illinois in 1845; studied law, admitted 
 to the bar, and practiced at Shelbyville; member 
 of the State house of representatives 1852-18.59; 
 Presidential elector on the Buchanan ticket in 
 1857; president of the lioard of education of the 
 State of Illinois l.S.59-1876; elected a Representa- 
 tive to the Thirty-ninth, Forty -seventh, ami Forty- 
 eighth ('ongresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Mouton, Alexander, was born in Attakapas 
 Parish, La., November 19, 1804; received a clas- 
 sical education, graduating from tfeorgetown 
 College, District of Columbia; studied law; ad- 
 mitted to the bar, and commenced practice in his 
 native parish (then known as Lafayette Parish); 
 member cjf the State house of representatives 1827- 
 1832; defeated as the Democratic candidate for the 
 Twenty-second Congress; again a member of the 
 Slate house of representatives In 1836; elected a 
 United States Senator from Louisiana (to lill the 
 vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Alexan- 
 der Porter), serving from February 2, 1837, until 
 he resigned, March 1, 1842; governor of Louisiana 
 1842-1846; president of the Southwestern railroad 
 convention which met in New Orleans in January, 
 18.52; president of the vigilance committee of La- 
 fayette Parish in 1858; president of the State con- 
 vention which voted Louisiana out of the Union 
 January 23, 1861; defeated November 29, 1861, at 
 an election held tor two senators in the Confeder- 
 ate Congress; died near Lafayette, La., February 
 12, 1885." 
 
 Mowry, Daniel, jr., was born at Smithfield, 
 R. I., and resided there; judge of the court of 
 conuLion pleas; took an active pai't in pre-Revolu- 
 tlonary movements; Delegate from Rhode Island 
 tci the Continental Congress in 1780-1782. 
 
 Mowry, Sylvester, was born at Providence, 
 R. I., in 1830; received a military education at 
 the United States Military Academy, graduating 
 in 1852; served in the First United States Artillery 
 as second and then first lientenai.t from July 1, 
 1852, until he resigned July 31, 1858; engaged In 
 mining in Arizona; elected Delegate from Arizona 
 to the Thirty-fifth Congress, but the bill creating 
 a Territorial organization failed to become a law, 
 so'he never took his seat; appointed by President 
 Buchanan in 1860 a commissioner to establish the 
 boundary line between California and Nevada, 
 and superseded by President Lincoln in 1861 on 
 political grounds; published Geography and Re- 
 .sources of Arizona and Souora; arrested and 
 imprisoned at Fort Yuma on a charge of disloyalty, 
 but e.stablished his innocent'o; went abroad for his 
 health, and dieil at London October 16, 1871. 
 
 Mozley, Norman A., of Dexter, Mo., was born 
 Decendier 11, 186.5, on a farm in Johnson County, 
 III.; educated in thi- common schools; taught 
 school; went to Missouri in 1887; studied law, 
 and admitted to the liar in 1891 ; engaged in the 
 practice of law; elected to the Fifty-fourth Con- 
 gress as a Republican; after leaving Congress re- 
 sumed the practice of law at Bloomtield, Mo. 
 
1(1 
 
 (1()N<JRKSSI(1NAI, DIKKCTOKY. 
 
 Mudd, Sydney Emanuel, nf Hryaiitnwii, Md., 
 «as liorii I'clinmiv IL', IN'iS, in Cl'iiirlcH ("oiinty, 
 Md.; iiliiiaird lit (iiMirj/ctDWii Cullcp', llistrirt of 
 (.'olnniliia. iind St. jDlin'sCulUyi', Annapolis, Mil., 
 jrradnatin^r from tin" latliT in ISTS; read law |iii 
 vati'ly anil alliiuU'd the law ilr|iartincnt of llir 
 rnivfifilv of Vityinia; adinilli'd lo tlif liar in l.SKO, 
 and |>nuti(vd; I'K'i-ti'd to lln' State honsi" of delc- 
 (jati'.s in IS"!', and rcoU-rlcd in ISSl ; oU-ctor on the 
 (iarlicid and Arthur tirkot in ISSO; cli'ctcd to thi- 
 Kifty-lh'st ('oiifrrt'.-'s as a Kfimlilican; clccli'd to tlu' 
 Slate lionsc of tIclcjiati'S in ISll.'i. and speaker of 
 that body: deleiiate to llie national Kepuliliian 
 eonventiiin in ISSMi; elected to the Fifty-lifth, Kifly- 
 sixtli, Kifty-.-'eventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses. 
 
 Muhlenberg, Francis Samuel ( I mil her of 
 1'. A. MuhlenKerj; anri .1. I', (i. MnhlenlieruK was 
 horn at I'hilailelphia, I'a.. April L".', 17!ir>; received 
 an academic edncalion; studied law ; admitled to 
 the liar, ami commenceil iiractiee; private secre- 
 tary to (iovernor lleisler 1SL'0-1S2H; moved to 
 I'iekaway Connly, Ohio; memlier of the i^tate 
 house of repiv.seiitatives; elected a Heiiresentative 
 from Ohio to the Twentieth Con^'ress ( in place of 
 W'illi.Tin ('reis,'liton, jr., resijrnecU, serving from 
 Decendier li", ISL'S. loManOiH, IKLIt; died in I'ieka- 
 way Counly, Ohio, in IS.'il'. 
 
 Muhlenberg:, Frederick Augustus Conrad 
 (lirotherof V. S. Mnhlenlier};an<l .1. 1'. (i. Muhlen- 
 lierp),\vasl)ornat I.a Prappc, I'a., .lanuary 1, I'M); 
 received a classical e<lncati<in; stuilied Iheohijiy. 
 and ordained in (lermany as a minister of the 
 Lutheran Church; preached in I'ennsylvania and 
 New York City, which city he left when the British 
 entereil; I>ele);ate from i'ennsylvania to the Con- 
 tinental Conjiress 177!' and 1780; member of the 
 State houst> of representatives 17S0-178.'l; delefjate 
 to the State constitutional convention of 17!)l); 
 president of the State convention calleil to ratify 
 the Federal Constitntion; elected a Kepresentalive 
 from rciinsylvania to the I'irst, Second. Third, 
 and Fourth Conjrre.sses, serving from March 4, 
 17S>t, to March :!, 17!l7; died Jniie 4, 1801. 
 
 Muhlenberg, Henry Augustus (father of 
 Henry An^'uslus Muhleidicr^: ), \vas Imrn at l.an- 
 ca>ler, I'a.. M.w l.">, 17SL'; received a classical edu- 
 cation; stuilieil theology, and ordauied to the 
 Lutheran ministry in ISO:.'; pastor of Trinity 
 Church at HeailiiiK ISOL'-lS'J.s, resinninnon account 
 of ill health; elected a Keiiresentative from Penn- 
 sylvania to tlu' Twenty-lirst ( 'onirrcss as a ,lackson 
 Hemocral; reelected totheTwenty-seeond.Twenty- 
 thinl, Twenly-I'onrtli, and Twi'nty-lifth Conj.'re.s.ses 
 (defealinc at the last t'leclion. Smith, anli->Iasonic 
 Whit;), .servinj; from Uecendier 7, ISL'll, to Fehru- 
 ary ;•. lS,'i.s, when he rcsi^ined; offered liy Presi- 
 dent Van Ituren the positions of Secretary of the 
 Navy and inini.ster to Knssia, Ixith of wliieh he 
 deeluK'd; minister to .\nstria February S, 1H.'W, to 
 SeptenilH'r 18, 18411; nominated as the I'emocnitic 
 candidate for jrovernor in l.'<44, but, Infore the elec- 
 tion, he died at Ifi'adin;;, .\ui.'usl IL', IS44. 
 
 Muhlenberg, Henry Augustus ( .soi\ of Henry 
 Anjinstus Muhlenl«TK I, was Imrn at Keadini:, I'a., 
 July, 182:i; re<'eivedaila.s.sicaleducalion.L'raduatin); 
 from DickinsonColli^ye; studied law for four years; 
 adinitti-d t<i the bar in. Inly, 1S44, and comini>nced 
 liractici' at Keadinjr; member of the .'stale .senate 
 three years; (•leited a lopresenlalive from I'enn- 
 t-ylvania to the Thirty-third Congress as a I>enio 
 irat, wrvintr from |te<-emlH'r .">, IKTiS, to .lanuary!', 
 IH.">4, when he died of typhoid fever at Washing- 
 ton, n. ('.; ap|H'ared in ihe House of Hepn'senta- 
 tives but one day, the day ou which it was 
 
 or^'ani/.ed; i>ublishtHl the Life of Maj. (ten. .Tohn 
 I'eliT liabriel Muhlenber;.' I his uncle). 
 
 Muhlenberg, John Peter Gabriel (brother of 
 F. .\. .Muhleidieru and F. S. Miildenberp), was 
 born at l.aTrappe, I'a., October 1, 1741); received 
 a cla.ssical education; studied thi-ology at Halle, 
 Germany, and <irdaine<l a priest iu the Ej)iseoj>al 
 Church A]iril L'l, 1772, bv the Hisliop of London; 
 retnrninj.' liomc, he wasplaccil in cliarjieof a parUh 
 in \'ir;.'inia; iiu'IhIkt of the colonial house of bur- 
 (jesses in 1774; prominent in pre-Uevolutioiiary 
 movements; entered Ihe Hevohitionary army as 
 Col<inel of the iML'hlh \"iri;inia (Cerman) iivfii- 
 ment, and rose to Ihe rank of lirii;iidicr-);eneral, 
 distinf;nishiiiK himself in .several battles; t4ecte»i 
 vice-president of I'ennsylvania; I'nsidential elector 
 in 17!t7; eleiled a Kepresentalive from I'ennsyl- 
 vania to the First, Tliird, ami Sixth Conpre.s.se«; 
 elected a I'niti'd Stales .S-iiator from I'ennsylvania 
 aaa Democrat, but did not lake his seal; ap|Hiinlc<l 
 liy President Jefferson suiiervi.sor of the revenue for 
 thcdistrict of I'ennsylvania in ISOl, and collector 
 of customs at Ihe ]iort of I'hiladelphia in 180;j; died 
 near Philadelphia, Pa., October 1, 1807, 
 
 Muldrow, Henry Lcwndes, of Stark ville, 
 Miss., was born in Low ndes (\iunly. Misc. ; grad- 
 uated from the I'niversity of Mississippi, and 
 received the degree of A. B. in the year 18,^6, and 
 Ihe degree of I.L. B. in 1858; admitted to the bar 
 as attorney and solicitor in 1859; lawyer by pro- 
 fession; entered the Confederate army in 18t!l ami 
 held various positions in the line, aii<l at the close 
 of the war surrendered at Foi-syth, Oa,, as colonel 
 of cavalry; held the position of district attorney 
 for the sixth judicial district of Mis.sissip|>i 18(i9- 
 1871; elected to the .state legislature in 1.S75; 
 electeil to the Forly-lifth, iMirty-sixth, Forty- 
 seventh, and iMirty-eighlh Congresses as a Demo- 
 crat ; First A.ssistant ."secretary of the Interiordnring 
 the first Administration of President Cleveland; 
 resigned in 188!l to resume the iiractice of law at 
 Starkville, Miss.; electeil a deleg-ate from thel^tate 
 at large to the Missi.ssijipi const itutional conven- 
 tion in l.SiKl; appointed cliancellor of the first dis- 
 trict of Mississippi iu September, 18t>9. 
 
 Muller, Nicholas, of New York, N. Y., was 
 born in the (irand Duchy of LiixemlMmrg No- 
 vember 15, 18.'il>; received a common si'liool edu- 
 cation in Ihe city of Met/, and afterwards attendetl 
 \ the Lnxenibonrg .Mhenu.em; engaged in business 
 I as a railroad ticket agent for over twenty years; 
 ' one of the promoters and original directors of the 
 (iermania Bank, New York; niemlHT of the State 
 a.sscmbly in ls75and 187t) and of the Slate cen- 
 tral lomniittee in 1875; electeil to Ihe Forty-fifth, 
 Forly-sixlh, Forty-eighth, I'orly-ninlh. and Fifty- 
 sixth Congressi's as a Tammany Democrat. 
 
 ' Mullin, Joseph, wa-i lx>rn in In»land; emi- 
 grated to the I'liiled Slates when i|nite young and 
 located in New York Stale; attended the public 
 I schools; held st'veral local ollices; elecliil a Kepre- 
 I sentative from New York to the Thirtieth Con- 
 gress. 
 
 I MuUins, James, was Iwrn in Bedford County, 
 I Tenn., September 15, 1807; receivtHl a libcnd 
 
 eilncalion; apprentice to the millwriglit's Inule; 
 
 elected colonel of the Slate militia in I8;il; sheritt 
 
 of his native counly lS40-184<i; coin|K'IU'd to Hee 
 I from his home on account of his loyally to the 
 
 I'nion in l.stil.'; .served in Ihe I'nion Army 18(i2- 
 I l,Sti4; speakerof theSlatehon.se of representative.^ 
 I 111 18(>5. elected a Kepri'seutative from Tennes,s*H' 
 1 to the rorlieth Coiigri'ss as a Kepnblicaii. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 ■11 
 
 Mumford, George, was a native of Rowan 
 County, >'. C; received a limited education; 
 nieuilier of the liouse of comnioiis of Nortli Caro- 
 lina in 1810 and 1811; elected a l-iepres^entative 
 from Xorth Carolina to the Fifteentlj Congre,ss, 
 servinfj until December .'-il, 1818, when he died at 
 Washington, ]>. C. 
 
 Mumford, Gurdon S., was a native of New 
 York; received a limited education; elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Ninth, 
 Tenth, and Eleventh Congresses. 
 
 Mung-en, William, was horn at Baltimore, 
 Md., May 12, 1821; moved with his ]iarents to 
 Ohio in 1830; received a liljeral education; studied 
 law and admitted to the bar; editor and jiublisher 
 of the Findlay Democratic Courier; served two 
 terms as auditor of Hancock County: State sena- 
 tor in 1851; entered the Union Army in 1861 as 
 colonel of the Fifty-seventh Ohio Volunteers; 
 elected a Rejiresentative from Ohio to tlie Fortieth 
 and Forty -first Congresses. 
 
 Munroe, Jaraes, was a native of Virginia; grad- 
 uated from AVest Point in 1815; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New Y'ork to the Twenty-sixth 
 Congress as a AVhig; defeated for the Twenty- 
 seventh Congress; State senator 1852-1 Soli; moved 
 to New Jersey, where he died in 1870. 
 
 Murch, Thomas H., of Rockland, Me., was 
 liorn at Hampton, Renohscot County, Me., March 
 29, 1838; received a common school education; 
 passed his early life at sea; learned the stonecut- 
 ting trade and worked at the same eighteen years 
 as an apprentice, iourneyman, foreman, and con- 
 tractor; became editor and publisher of the Granite 
 Cutters' International Journal in 1877; elected to 
 the Forty-sixth Congress as a Greenback Labor 
 Ref<irmer; reelected to the Forty-seventh Congress; 
 died December 15, 1886. 
 
 Mvirfree, William Hardee, was a native of 
 Hertford County, N. C; graduated from the Uni- 
 versity of North Carolina in 1801 ; studied law, and 
 began practice at Edenton; member of the house 
 of commons of North Carolina in 1805 and 1812; 
 electeil a Representative from Noi'th Carolina to 
 the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses as a 
 Democrat; moved to Tennessee, where he died at 
 Nashville in 1828. 
 
 Murphy, Charles, was a native of South Caro- 
 lina; moved to Decatur, Ga. ; received a liberal 
 education; held several local offices; elected a 
 Representati\e from Georgia to the Thirty-second 
 Congress as a Unionist. 
 
 Murphy, Edward, jr., of Troy, N. Y., was 
 liorn at Troy Deccuiber 15, 1836; educated at 
 St. John's College, Fordhauj; elected mayor of the 
 city of Troy in 1875, and reelected in 1S77, 187it, 
 and 1881; elected chairman of the Demcicratic 
 State committee of New York in 1887, and re- 
 elected four times; elected United States Senator 
 in January, 1893, to succeed Frank Hiscock; took 
 his .seat March 4, 1893; vice-president and treas- 
 urer of the Kennedy & Mur]ihy Brewing and 
 Malting Company; ]iresi<lent of theTmy Gas Com- 
 pany and vice-jjresident of the Manufacturers' 
 National Bank of Troy. 
 
 Murphy, Everett J., of East St. Louis, 111., 
 was bnrn at Nashville, III., July 24, 1S52; moved 
 with his father's family, in early youth, to Sparta, 
 III., and educated in the high schools of that ])lace; 
 elected city clerk of Spiarta in 1877, but resigned 
 in 1878, and moved to Chester to accept the ap- 
 pointment of tleputy circuit clerk under Geoi-ge 
 
 H. Tate, which position he held until the fall of 
 1882, when elected sheriff of Randolph County as 
 a Republican; elected a representative to "the 
 general assembly of Illinois in 1886; appointed 
 warden of the Southern Illinois Penitentiary by 
 Governor Joseph AV. Fiferin 1889, which position 
 he lield until IMarch, 1892, when he UKJved to 
 East St. Louis; elected to the Fifty-fourth Con- 
 gress as a Republican; appointed warden of the 
 penitentiary at Joliet, 111. 
 
 Murphy, Henry C, was liorn at Brooklyn, 
 N. Y., July 5, 1810; graduated from Columliia 
 College in 1830; studied law, and admitted to the 
 bar; began practice at Brooklyn in 1833; prosecut- 
 ing attorney for Kings County ; mayor of Brooklyn 
 in 1842; elected a Representative from New York 
 to the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat; de- 
 feated for the Twenty-ninth Congre.ss; elected to 
 the Thirtieth Congress; minister to the Nether- 
 lands 1857-1861; died at Brooklvn, N. Y'., Decem- 
 ber 1,1882. 
 
 Murphy, Jeremiah H., of Davenport, Iowa, 
 was born at Lowell, Ma.ss., February 19, 1835; 
 educated in the schools of Boston and at the State 
 University of Iowa; read law; admitteil to the bar 
 in April, 1858, and practiced; elected mayor of 
 Davenport in 1873; elected to the State senate of 
 Iowa in 1874 and held the office four years; again 
 elected mayor in 1879 and held the office one year; 
 elected to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; after leaving Congress vis- 
 ited Europe to make a studv of European canals; 
 died Decendier 11, 1893. 
 
 Murphy, John, was born at Columliia, S. C, 
 in 1786; graduated from South Carolina College in 
 1808; moved to Alabama in 1818; studie<l and 
 practiced law; governor of Alabama 1825-1829; 
 elected a Representative from Alabama to the 
 Twentv-third Cougress as a Democrat; died in 
 Clarke" County, Ala., Septemljer 21, 1841. 
 
 Murphy, Nathan O., of Phoenix, Ariz., was 
 born in Lincoln County, Me., in 1849; received 
 a high .'^chool eilucation; taught school in Wis- 
 consin before he was 21 years old; settled in 
 Prescott, Ariz., in April, 1883; appointed, March 
 21, 1889, secretary of Arizona; the governorship 
 was tendered to him two years later, and he took 
 his seat May 11, 1892; unanimously cho.sen a dele- 
 gate to the national Republican convention held 
 in Minneapolis in June, 1892, and succeeded, 
 among other things, in getting the arid-land inter- 
 ests of the We.'^t recognized in the platform of his 
 party; during his incumliency of the office of sec- 
 retary he was more thau three-fourths of his time 
 governcjr de facto; elected a Delegate to the Fifty- 
 fourth Congress as a Republican; appointed gov- 
 ernor of Arizona Territory July 16, 1898, during 
 recess of Congress; reappointed and confirmed 
 December 14, 1898. 
 
 Murray, Ambrose S., was a native of New- 
 York; received a common school education; held 
 several local offices atCJoshen, N. Y.; elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Thirty- 
 fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses as a Repulj- 
 lican. 
 
 Murray, George Washington, was l)orn Sep- 
 tember 22, 1853, of slave parent.s, near Rembert, 
 Sumter County, S. C. ; emancipation found him a 
 lad of 11 sununers; bereft of both jiarents, thrown 
 ujion the rugged shores of early emancipation, 
 without a friend upon whom to rely for either aid 
 or advice, he entered upon the fierce condiat then. 
 in progress in an impoverished section for the in- 
 
7li> 
 
 ( ONliKKSSloNAl, DIKKCTOUY, 
 
 { 
 
 <li.<|H'nsal>lo brciul (if life; jiinoin.' tlio waifs of liis 
 iK'ijililiurliiMul in ISiiii lie i)i<kiil up liis al|ihalii't 
 ami aciiiiiivd an iniinTfiMt ami ciiiclc iimniincia- 
 tion of nionosyllabli'i tlnrinj; tin- next (ivo years 
 he bo inilnstrioufily a|i|ili>'<l liiniM-|f in efforts to 
 iinprovn liis nioauor stock of knowludt;*' that in 
 January, 1871, Ik- onlcrcil, while in cession, for 
 the first time, a <lay seliool, lait as teaiher, not 
 scholar: he tanjilit until the fall of 1S7-4, when he 
 sniccssfnlly jiasscil aconi|«'litive exaniination an<l 
 ohtaineil a scholarship as sniilnshnian in the le- 
 constructeil I'nivei'sity of JSonth (.'arolina; liavin;; 
 passed tliron>;h his ahna mater to liis jiniior year, 
 the accession to power of an aihninislralion \ni- 
 friendly to the coeducation of the races ( 1S7(>) 
 forced him without her doors; he reentercil the 
 ]inl)lie schools of hiscounlyas teacher, and was 
 successfully employed until Kehruary, ISIHI; al- 
 tiioujih opposed liy one of the wealthiest and most 
 i)npular I K'liincrals in the Slate, he was returned 
 .)V the nianaj.'ers of elections, nearly all of whom 
 were Democrats, hy about 1,0(10 majority, not- 
 withstanding twelve of his stronjzest polls were 
 not opened; havinf; run the (launtlet of the vari- 
 ous hoards of manafiers and canvassers, electeil as 
 a Kepuhlican to the rifty-lhird Confrress; renonn- 
 nated for the Kifty-lourth ('on;.'ress hy the Repub- 
 licans; the certilicate of election was given to his 
 ojij-onenl, William l-".lliolt, but as the result of a 
 contest the seat was awarde<l to Mr. Murrav .lune 
 4, 1896. 
 
 Murray, John, wns a native of ].ancaster, I'a. ; 
 received a limited education; held several local 
 offices; studied law and iira<ficed; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from IVnnsylvania to the Fifteenth 
 and Sixteenth t'on);res.s('S. 
 
 Murray, John L., was born at Wadesboro, 
 Ky.; received a liberal education; studied and 
 praeticeil law; held several local jiositions; electecl 
 a Representative from Kentucky to the Twenty- 
 fifth ('onpress as a Ilemocrat. 
 
 Murray, Robert M., of I'ltpia, Ohio, was born 
 at t'oiiiord, Lake (^ouuty, Ohio, November lis, 
 1841; educateil al Willouirldiy, Lake County, Ohio, 
 and at Oberlin, Ohio; admitted to practice law af- 
 ter praduatinn at the law colle;;e, but accepte<l a 
 position in the First National Rank at I'ainesville, 
 Ohio; cashier of that institution nine years, leaving 
 the bank and the placi' in the yearlS7itand moved 
 to Piijua; mayor of I'ainesville froni April, 1877, 
 to 1879; elected to the Forty-eighth Congress as a 
 Peniocrat. 
 
 Murray, Thomas, was born in Northumber- 
 land Cciuuty, I'a.: received a liberal e<lucation: 
 elected a Ripre.-^entativc from I'ennsylvania to the 
 Seventeenth Congre.ss as a Democrat. 
 
 Murray. William, was a native of (ioshen, 
 N. Y.; attinded the comnioii schools: hel<l sev- 
 eral local otlices; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third 
 Conpre.«si-s as a Democrat. 
 
 Murray, William Vans, was born at Cam- 
 bridge, Md., in 17()1.'; receiveil a liberal education; 
 studied law in the Temple, at l>on<lon, and began 
 jiractice at his lionu- in 178.t; served as a member 
 of the Maryland Slate legislature; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from >birylan(l to the S«'cond, Tldrd, and 
 Fourth Congresses as a Federalist; nnnisler resi- 
 dent to the Netherlands 1797-1801; died at Cam- 
 liridge, M<l,, DiMcndier 11, 180:5. 
 
 Mutchler, Howard, of I'jiston, I'a., was boru 
 at 1'Ia.ston, I'a., February 12, 1859; educated in I he 
 
 public schools of Ids native city and at the Phillips 
 .Xcademy, Andover, Ma.ss. ; read law with his 
 father at Fastiin; before qualifying for admission 
 to the bar became editor and publisher of the 
 Kaston Daily Kxpre.ss and the Northampton Dem- 
 ocrat; elected to the Fifty-third Congress at a 
 special election held July 2r>, 189:!, to till the unex- 
 pired term of his father, the late Hon. William 
 >Iutchler, as a Democrat; electeil to the Fifty- 
 seventh Congress. 
 
 Mutchler, William, of Faston, I'a., was born 
 in Norlbam]iton County, Pa., December 21, 1S:!I; 
 receiviil an acadendc education; studitMl law ami 
 j>racticed; electi'il prothouolary of his native 
 county in Istill, and reelected in ISi;:!; appointed 
 
 ! asse.-^sor of internal revenue by President .lohnson 
 
 ' in March, 18(i7, and served until May. 18(J9: chair- 
 man of the Democratic State (-(jmnnttee of Penn- 
 
 I sylvania in 18ti9-70; elected to the Forty-fourth, 
 Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, Fifty-lirst, and Fifty- 
 second Congres-ses as a Democrat; <lieil .lune 2:5, 
 
 I 1893. 
 
 Myers, Amos, was born in Lancaster County, 
 Pa.. April 2:;, 1.S24: received a liberal education; 
 studied law and in 184(5 began practice at Clarion, 
 Pa.; held several local offices : ajipointed distri«'t 
 attorney in 1847; elected a Rejireseiitative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Thirty-eighth Congress as a 
 Rejiublican. 
 
 Myers, Leonard, was born at Attleboro, Pa., 
 November l.'i, 1827; received a cla-ssical education; 
 studied law and jiracticcil; held several local of- 
 I iices; electt'd a Representative fmiu Pennsylvania 
 I to the Thirty-eighth, Tbirty-uintb, I'ortiet'b, Fi>r- 
 ty-tirst. Forty-second, and Forty-third Congre.>'ses 
 as a Republican; defeated for the Forty-fourth 
 Congress. 
 
 Myers, William R., of Anderson, Ind., was 
 b(.rn in Clinton County, Ohio, June 12, 18.S(); 
 moved with his parents io Madison County, Iml., 
 October, 1848; receiveil a common school educa- 
 tion; his father being a farmer, his early life was 
 spent in that vocation; at the age of 20 learned the 
 ]iainter's trade, which he followed in the summer 
 ."ieasons, teaching the common schools during the 
 winters, imtil the commencement of the war; en- 
 listed in Comiiany (i. Forty-seventh Indiana Vol- 
 unteers, in which he served as jirivate. orderly 
 sergeant, second lieutenant, first lieutenant, and 
 captain, remaining with that company in the serv- 
 ice of the I'nited States four years and three 
 I months; elected county surveyor of Madison 
 County in 18.')8, which iiositiim he retaineil until 
 the time of his eidistment: after returning from 
 the .\rmy followeil school-teaching as a busine.s,«, 
 spending his leisure lime in studying law until 
 1871, when admitted to the bar; superintendent of 
 the public schools of the city of Anderson in I8()8 
 and 18()9, and served as one of the school board 
 of that city; elected to the Forty-sixth Congress 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Nabers, Benjamin D. , was a native of Ten- 
 ne.ssee; received a common school education: 
 moved to Hickory I'lat, Miss.: held scviTid local 
 ollices; elected a Representative from Mi.-sissippi 
 to the Thirty-second Congress as a I'liionisl: de- 
 feated as the Whig I'andidate for the Thirty-third 
 Congress; moved toTeimesset"; Presidential elector 
 on the Hell and luerett ticket in 18(il. 
 
 Naphen, Henry Francis, of Boston, Mass., was 
 born in Irelaml .\iigust 14, 1847: came to Ma.s.si- 
 chusetts when a child; educated in the public 
 
BIOGBAFHIES. 
 
 713 
 
 schools and under in-ivate tutors; obtained the 
 decree of bachelor of laws from Harvard University 
 in 1878; also attended a course in thij Boston Uni- 
 versity Law School; adniittcd to the Suffolk bar in 
 1880, and devoted himself to the practice of his pro- 
 fession in Boston; elected a member of the school 
 committee of the city of Boston in 1882 for the 
 term of three years, and declined to be a candidate 
 for a second term; State senator in 1885 and 1886 
 from the fifth Suffolk district; appointed liail 
 commissioner by the justices of the superior court; 
 elected to the Fifty-sixth Uongress and reelected 
 to the Fifty-seventh Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Nash, Abner, was born in Prince Edward 
 County, Va., 'August 8, 1716; received a liberal 
 education; studied and practiced law; moved to 
 North Carolina and served in the house of com- 
 mons in 1777, 1778, 1782, and 1785; governor of 
 North Carolina 1779-80; defeated for reelection; 
 Delegate from North Carolina to the Continental 
 Congress from 1782 to December 2, 1786, when he 
 died at New York on his way to Philadelphia. 
 
 Nash., Charles E., was a native of Opelousas. 
 La. ; educated at New Orleans; bricklayer; private 
 in the Eighty-third Regiment United States Chas- 
 seurs d'Afrique April 20, 1863; promoted to ser- 
 geant-major; lost a leg at the storming of Fort 
 Blakeley ; elected a Representative from Louisiana 
 to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Republican; de- 
 feated for the Forty-fiftli Congress. 
 
 Naudain, Arnold, was born near Dover, Del., 
 January 6, 1790; graduated from Princeton College 
 in 1806; elected a United States Senator from Dela- 
 ware (vice Louis McLane, resigned) as a Whig, 
 serving from January 13, 18.30, until June 16, 1836, 
 when he resigned; died at Odessa, Del., January 
 4. 1872. 
 
 Naylor, Charles, was bcjrn in Philadelphia 
 County, Pa., October 6, 1806; received a liberal 
 education; studied law, and in 1828 began prac- 
 tice at Philadelphia, Pa. ; held several local offices; 
 elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Twenty-fifth (vice F. J. Harper, deceased) and 
 Twenty-sixth Congresses as a Whig; captain of a 
 company of volunteers in the INIexican war; died 
 at Philadelphia, Pa., December 24, 1872. 
 
 Neal, Henry S. , of Ironton, Ohio, was born at 
 Gallipolis. Ohio, August 25, 1828; graduated from 
 Marietta College in 1847; studieil law, and admitted 
 to the bar in 1851; elected to the State .«enate in 
 1861, and reelected in 1863; appointed consul to 
 Lisbon, Portugal, in 1869; by the resignation of 
 the minister resident became charge d'affaires in 
 December, 1869; in July, 1870, resigned and re- 
 turned to Ohio; elected delegate to the Ohio con- 
 stitutional convention in 1873; elected to the 
 Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Con- 
 gresses as a Republican; appointed Solicitor of the 
 Treasury by President Arthur, which position he 
 held until his successor was appointed by Presi- 
 dent Cleveland. 
 
 Neal, John Randolph, wa.s born in Anderson 
 County, Tenn. ; received his early education in the 
 common schools f)f Tennessee, and graduated from 
 Emory and Henry College, Virginia, in June, 
 1858; studied law, and admitted to the bar in 1860; 
 volunteered in the (Confederate army as a private; 
 elected captain of a cavalry company, which after- 
 wards became a part of the Sixteenth Battalion 
 Tennessee Cavalry, and jiromoted to lieutenant- 
 colonel of the Ijattalion; elected a member of the 
 house of representatives of Tennessee in Novem- 
 ber, 1874, and of the Tennessee senate in Novem- 
 
 ber, 1878; elected speaker of the senate in January, 
 1879; elector on the Hancock and English ticket 
 in 1880; elected to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth 
 Congresses as a Democrat; died March 26, 1889. 
 
 Neal, Iiawrence Talbott, was liorn at Park- 
 ersljurg, \a. (now West Virginia), September 22, 
 1844; received a classical education; moved to Chil- 
 licothe, Ohio, in 1864; studied law, and in 1866 
 admitted to the bar; held several local offices; 
 served in the State legislature 1867-68; declined a 
 reelection; elected prosecuting attorney of Ross 
 County, Ohio, in 1870, and i-esigned in October, 
 1872; elected a Repi'esentative from Ohio to the 
 Forty-third and Forty-fouvtli Congresses as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Neale, Raphael, was a native of St. ^lary 
 County, ^Nld., and resided at Leonardstown; i-e- 
 ceived a limited education ; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Maryland to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, 
 and Eighteenth Congresses; died at Leonardstown 
 October 19, 1833. 
 
 Neece, "William H. , of !Macoml), 111., was born 
 in what was then Sangamon County, now part of 
 Logan County, 111., February 26, 1831; his parents 
 moved to McDonough County in the same year, 
 where he was raised on a farm and educated in 
 the common schools; read law, and admitted to 
 the bar in 1858; elected a member of the city 
 council of Macomb in 1861; elected to the legisla- 
 ture of that State in 1864, and a member of the 
 constitutional convention in 1869; again elected 
 to the legislature in 1871, and in 1878 to the State 
 senate; elected to the Forty-eighth Congress as a 
 Democrat, and to the Forty-ninth Congress as a 
 Democrat and Antimonopolist; after leaving Con- 
 gress resumed the practice of law; also devoted a 
 great part of his time to the raising of fine cattle. 
 
 Needham, James Carson, of Modesto, Cal., 
 I was born SeptemVier 17, 1804, at Carson City, Nev., 
 in an emigrant wagon, his ])arents being at the 
 time en route across the plains to California; his 
 early education was received in the public schools 
 of California; graduated from the San .lose High 
 School, and subsequently took a collegiate course 
 at the Univeraity of the Pacific at San Jose, grad- 
 uating in the year 1886 with tlie degree of Ph. B.; 
 entered the law department of the University of 
 Michigan and spent one year, at the end of which 
 time he was appointed, under civil-service rules, 
 to a clerkship in the Ailjutant-Generars Office at 
 Washington, D. C. ; resigning from the War De- 
 partment, he returned to the University of Jlichi- 
 gan anil completed his law course, graduating 
 I with the class of 1889 with the degree of LL. B. ; 
 began the practice of law in November, 1889, at 
 Modesto; elected-to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, 
 and reelected to the Fifty-eighth Congress as a 
 Republican. 
 
 Neg'ley, James S. , of Pittsburg, Pa., was born 
 
 j in Allegheny County, Pa., December 26, 1826; 
 educated at the Western University ; served in the 
 Mexican war in the Dui|uesne Grays, First Penn- 
 sylvania Volunteers; entered the Union Army as 
 brigadier-general April 19, 1861; connnandetl a. 
 division in Patterson's command, three months' 
 service; took part in the battle of Falling Waters; 
 organized and eijuipped a l)rigade of infantry and 
 artillery for the West, and joined General Sher- 
 man October, 1861; participated in the Buell 
 campaign in Tennessee; defen<led Nashville in 
 1862, and received special commendation for this 
 service; promoted to major-general for distin- 
 guished services and gallantry on the field at the 
 
14 
 
 C(>N(iKKSSU)NAL DIKKCTOKV, 
 
 liattif of SiDiii' Kivcr; i-i>miiiatnUMl a ilivisioii ami 
 took a primiiiii'iit |>art in the (■aini)ai;.'iis of Tiilla- 
 lioiiui, ('liatlaiioou'a, Alabama, ami ticoii;ia; siu- 
 (•(•oli'ii .lay t'ook as a iiuMui>i'r of tlu' hoanl of 
 MaiuiKiTs i>f till' National lloiiif for Disalilnl Vol- 
 iiiitocr SoMlcT.-': clcctiMl to tin- Korty-lirst, Korly- 
 M'foiul.Koity-tliinl, ami Korty-nintli Coii^rrcssi-sas 
 u Ki'iniMiian; aftiT li-aviii;; ("ons^res-i tiecaiiie cn- 
 :_'af;i'il in niilroailiiivr: inowil to New York. 
 
 Neill, Robert, of BatvsvilU-. Ark., wa.-* born in 
 InilfiHMiiUiicc County, .\rk.. November 12, 1838; 
 receiveil a fair KuKli.-ili eibu-ation in the i)ri\ate 
 fifhools of the lonnty, ami took a course in laml- 
 Hiirveyin;; umler a eomiielent tutor in Ohio in 1H.59; 
 eleetecl county surveyor of liis native county in 
 August. IStiO. an<l serveii until lie entereil tlie C'on- 
 feilerate army in May, ISdl, as a private solilier in 
 Company K. Kirst i{e;;iim>iit Arkansas Mounteil 
 Kitlemeii, (ien. Henjamin McCulloch"." brigade, 
 Armv of the West; promoteil to the jrrade of lirst 
 lieutenant in ISijL', and to that of eai)tain in ISli;?; 
 elected clerk of tlie circuit court of his county in 
 Aujrust, lS(i(i, serving until ousted by reconstruction 
 in 18(i8; reail law. licensed in I8()S, and in active 
 practice from 1S72: lii'utenant-colonel of Arkansas 
 State guards 1874-1S77. ami brigadier-gciu-ral of 
 Slate militia IS77-IS.SL'; delegate to tlu> national 
 Democraticconvention held in SI. i.ouis.Iune, ISSS. 
 and vice-president of theiciuvention for .\rkansas; 
 elected to tlu! Fifty-third an<l rifty-foiuth Con- 
 gres,ae.s as a democrat. 
 
 Neilson, John, was born near New Brunswick, 
 N. .1., ^larch 1 1, I74ri; received a liberal education; 
 inercliant at New Hrunswick 171)9-1775; entered 
 the Kevolutionarv Army as captain in 1775; 
 api)ointed colonel in 1775, and in September, 17S0, 
 made deputy ipiartermasler-general for New .Jer- 
 sey; Delegate from Ni'W .lersey to the Continental 
 Congre.ss 1778-7!'; delegate to the SlatiM-onstitu- 
 tional convention which ratilied the Federal Con- 
 stitution; died at his home near New Brunswick, 
 March 8. ls:i:{. 
 
 Nelson. Homer A., was born at Poughkeepsie, 
 N. Y.. August.'il, 182il; receiveil a liberal education; 
 studied law and began |iractice at l'oughkee|isie, 
 N. Y.; judge of Dutche.ss County 1 8.5.5- lSt>2; colo- 
 nel of the t»ne hundred aiul fifty-ninth New York 
 Volunteer Infantry in the civil war, resigning in 
 lSt)3; elected a Ke|preseiitative from New York to 
 the Thirty-i'ighth Congress as a Democrat; defeated 
 for the Thirty-ninth Congri'.ss; delegate to the 
 State constitutional convention in 18157; secretarv 
 of state i>f New York ISi;7-l870; elected a State 
 senator in 1881; api>ointeil a member of the com- 
 mission to report a revision of the judiciary article 
 in the State senate in 1890; died at Poughkeepsie, 
 N. Y., Ai.ril 25. 189). 
 
 Nelson, Hug'h, wiis born in Virginia September 
 nil, 17<i8; received a liberal education; speaker of 
 the Slate liou.se of representatives; judge of the 
 general court; Presidential elector in 18(19 on the 
 Pincknev ticket; elected a Hepresentative from 
 Virginia" tti the Twelfth, Thirteenth. Fourteenth, 
 Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Congre.s.ses. 
 resigning .lanuary U, 182:!. to bei-ome nnnisler to 
 Spain, serving from .laiuiary 15, 182:!, to November 
 2:<, 1824; clie<l at his home in Albemarle Countv, 
 Va.. March 18, l,8:iti. 
 
 Nelson, Jeremiah, wa.fl born at Rowley, Jlaas., 
 September 14. 1769; graduated from Dartmouth 
 College in 17;hI; merchant at Newburyport. Mass.; 
 held sevend local ollices; eleeleil a Kepre.senUitive 
 from Mas-sacliusetts to the Ninth Congress a.s a 
 
 Feileralist; also elected to the Fourteenth, Fif- 
 teenth. Sixteenth. Seventeenth, Kighleenth. and 
 Twentv-second Congre.sj^e.s; died at New burv|K>rt. 
 Ma.ss..<)ctol)i'r2, 18:W. 
 
 Nelson, John, was born at Frederick. Md., 
 June 1, 1791; grailuatcd from William and .Mary 
 College in 181 1; studied law and iK'gan jiracticcin 
 his native town; held several local ollices; elected 
 a Representative from Marylaml to the Seven- 
 teenth Congress; minister to Naples October 24, 
 18;{1, toOctolK'r 15, l,8.S2; Attornev-tieneral of the 
 United States under President Tvler, 184:5-1845; 
 died at Haltimore, Md., January 8, 18(i0. 
 
 Nelson, Knute, of .\lexandria, Minn., was 
 born in Norway February 2, 1843; came to the 
 Ciiited States in .Inly, 1849, and resiileil in Chi- 
 cago, III., until tin- fall of 1850. when he moved 
 to the State of Wisconsin, and from there to 
 .Minnesota in .Inly, 1871; private and noncom- 
 missioned olticer in the Fourth Wisconsin liepi- 
 mcnt dining the war of the rebellion; woumled 
 and taken [irisonerat Port Hudson, l.a., .lune 14, 
 I8()3; admitted to the bar in the s|>ring of 18ti7; 
 member of the a.«seml)ly in the Wisconsin legisla- 
 ture in 18ti8 and 18119; county attorney of Douglas 
 County, Minn.. 1872-1874; State .scnati'ir 1875-1878; 
 Presidential elector in 18,80; member of the board 
 of regents of the State Univereity from February 
 1, 1882, to January 1, 1893; member of the Forty- 
 eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth Congres.ses for 
 the Fifth district of Minne.sota; elected g<ivernor 
 of Minnesota in the fall of 1892 and reelecteil in 
 the fall of 1894; electe<la rnited States Senator as a 
 Kepublican for Minnesota January 23, 1895, for 
 the term commencing March 4, 1895, and reelecti-ii 
 in 1901. 
 
 Nelson, Roger ( father of John Nelson) , was 
 born at Frederick, Md.,in 1735: received a liberal 
 education; servcil in the Kevolutionary Army; 
 wounded at the battle of Caimlen and attained the 
 rank of brigadier-general: stmlied law, and liegan 
 practice at Freilerick; held several local oflices; 
 electetl a Hejiresentative from Marylaml to the 
 Eighth (vice Daniel lleister, decea.sed), Ninth, 
 Tenth, and I'Jeventh Congresses, serving until May 
 14, 1810, when he resigned to become a.ssociate 
 justice of the (ifth jmlieial circuit of Maryland; 
 died at Frederick, Md., June 7, 1815. 
 
 Nelson, Thomas, was born at Yorktown, Va., 
 Decembir 2ti, 1 7:!8; graduateil from Trinity College, 
 in I'.iiglaml; eleited a member of the house of 
 burges.ses wliilc on his way home from England; 
 member of the first ]irovincial convention at Wil- 
 liamsburg in 1774; Delegate from Virginia to the 
 Continental Congress 1775-1777; appointed com- 
 mander of the Virginia State forces in 1777; af;ain 
 a Delegate to the Continental Congress 1779-80; 
 governor of Virginia 1781; died near Y'orktown, 
 Va., January 4, 1789. 
 
 Nelson, Thomas A. R. , was born in Roane 
 County, Tenn.. March 19. 1812; received a liberal 
 education; studied law, ami began practice at 
 Knoxville, Tenn.; Presidential elector on the 
 Taylor and Fillmore ti<-ket in 1848; appiiinte<l 
 commissioner to China .March 6, 1851, but did not 
 go tlien, and resigned July 2, 1851; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Tenne.s.see to the Thirty-sixth 
 Congress as a I'nionist; reelected to the Thirty- 
 seventh Congress, but prevented by the Confisj- 
 erates from proceeding to Wiushingtoii to take his 
 seat; delegate to the national Iiiiou convention 
 at Philadelphia in 18(i(l. and to the national Demo- 
 cratic convention at New York July 4, IStiS; died 
 at Knoxville, Teun., August 24, 1873. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 715 
 
 Nelson, Thomas M. , wan born in Virginia in 
 1782; received a common scliool education; cap- 
 tain of tile Tenth Regiment Infantry and major of 
 the Thirtietli and -Eiirhteentli infantries in the war 
 of 1812; after the war reiluced to captain, and re- 
 signed his commission May 15, 1815; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Virginia to the Fourteenth tvice 
 Thomas Gholson, deceased ) and Fifteenth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; declined a reelection; died 
 near Columbus, (.Ta., November 10, 185.3. 
 
 Nelson, William, was born at Clinton, X. Y., 
 June 2!), 1784; received a liberal education; studied 
 law, and in 1807 began practice at Peekskill, N. Y. ; 
 for thirty years served as district attorney for Put- 
 nam, Rockland, and Westchester comities; served 
 in both branches of the State legislature several 
 years; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Thirtieth and Thirtv-first Congresses as a 
 Whig; died at Peekskill, "N. Y., October 2, 1869. 
 
 Nes, Henry, was born at York, Pa., in 1799; 
 
 recei\ed a lilieral education; studied and practiced 
 medicine; elected a Representative from Pennsyl- 
 vania to the Twenty-eighth Congress as an Inde- 
 pendent; elected to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first 
 Congresses, serving until Septemlier 10, 1850, when 
 he died, at York, Pa. 
 
 Nesbitt, Wilson, resided at Si)artanburg, S. C. ; 
 attended the public schools; elei'ted a Rejiresenta- 
 tive from South Carolina to the Fifteenth Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Nesmitli, James W. , was Ijorn in Washington 
 County, Me., July 23, 1820; moved with his par- 
 ents to New Hampshire, then to Ohio, and in 1843 
 to Oregon; received an early education; United 
 States marshal for Oregon 1853-1855, when he re- 
 signed; ajipointed superintemient of Indian affairs 
 for Oregon and Washington Territories in 1857; 
 electcil a United States Senator from Oregon, serv- 
 ing from 1861 to 1867; appointed minister to Aus- 
 tria, but Ills nomination was not contirmed; elected 
 a Representative from Oregon to the Forty-third 
 Congress as a Democrat (vice J. C Wilson, de- 
 ceased), serving from December 1, 1873, to March 
 3, 1875; died in Polk County, Oreg., June 17, 1885. 
 
 Neville, Joseph, wag born in 1730; served in 
 the Re\ ohitionary Army; elected a Representati\e 
 from Virginia to the Third Congress; died in 
 Hardy County, Va., March 4, 1819. 
 
 Neville, William, of North Platte, Nebr., was 
 born in Washington County, 111., December 29, 
 1843, and moved to Chester, in Randolph County, 
 in 1851 ; educated at McKendree College, Lelianoii, 
 111.; second sergeant Company H, One humlrecl 
 and forty-second Illinois Infantry in the civil war; 
 elected to the Illinois legislature as a Democrat in 
 the fall of 1872; moved to Nebraska in Mav, 1874; 
 elected to the Nebraska legislature from Omaha in 
 the fall of 1876; moved to North Platte in April, 
 1877; elected judge of the thirteenth judicial dis- 
 trict for a four years' term in 1891; elected to the 
 Fifty-sixth Congres-s to fill the vacancy causeil by 
 the death of Hon. W. L. (ireene, and reelecteil to 
 the Fifty-seventh Congress as a Populist. 
 
 Nevin, Robert Murphy, of Dayton, Ohio, was 
 born >hiy 5, 1851), in Highland County, Ohio; 
 went to the imlilic scliools in the town I'lf Hills- 
 boro, Ohio, until the age of 14, when he entere<l 
 Ohio A\'esleyan University, at Delaware, graduat- 
 ing from that in.stitution in June, 1868, and in 1871 
 was made master of arts by said college; came to 
 Dayton, Ohio, in July, 1868; admitted to the bar 
 I\Iay 10, 1871; elected prosecuting attorney of 
 
 Montgomery C^iunty in 1887; elected to the Fifty- 
 seventh and reelected to the Fifty-eighth Congress 
 as a Republican. 
 
 New, Anthony, was Ijorn in Gloucester County, 
 Va., in 1747; received a limited education; studied 
 anil practiced law; elected a Rejuesentative from 
 Virginia to the Third, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Sev- 
 enth, andlMghth Congresses asa Democrat; moved 
 to Kentucky and located at Elkton; elected a 
 Representative from Kentucky to the Twelfth, 
 Fifteenth, and Seventeenth Congresses as a Dem- 
 ocrat; die<l in Todd County, Ky., March 2, 1833. 
 
 New, Jeptha D. , was born at Vernon, Jennings 
 County, In<l., November 28, 1830; educated at Ver- 
 non Academy and Betliany College, Virginia; stud- 
 ied law; elected mayor of Vernon when 21 years 
 of age; admitted to the bar and practiced until 
 1864, serving two years of that time as prosecuting 
 attorney; elected judge of the district court of com- 
 mon pleas in 1864 and served until the exjiiration 
 of his term in 1868, when he resumed practice; 
 elected a Representative from Indiana to the Forty- 
 fourth Congress, and unanimously renominated 
 for the Forty-fifth Congress, but declined the nom- 
 ination; elected to the Forty-sixth Congress asa 
 Democrat; elected judge of the sixth judicial cir- 
 cuit of Indiana in 1882 and served for six years; 
 elected by the State legislature as one of the 
 supreme court commissioners of Indiana in 1889; 
 appointed appellate judge in 1891; nominated by 
 the Democratic ))artv as a candidate for supreme 
 judge in 1892, but died, July 9, 1892, before the 
 election. 
 
 Newberry, John S., was born at Waterville, 
 Oneida County, N. Y., November 18, 1826; moved 
 with his father's family to Michigan when a child, 
 residing successively at Detroit, Ann Arbor, and 
 Romeo; pursued his prejiaratory studies at Romeo 
 Academy; entered the sopliomore class of Michi- 
 gan University and graduated in 1847 as valedic- 
 torian; spent two years in civil engineering on 
 railroads under Col. J. M. Berrien; studied law 
 at Detroit and admitted to the Ijar in 1852; made 
 the admiralty of the Western lakes and rivers a 
 specialty for seventeen yeai's, and ]iublished the 
 first volume of admiralty reports of decisions of 
 cases arising on those waters; engaged in several 
 large manufacturing enterprises in 1864; declined 
 jiolitical lienors of every kind previous to his elec- 
 tion as a Representative from ilicliigan to the 
 Forty-sixth Clongress as a Republican; died Janu- 
 ary 2, 1887. 
 
 Newberry, Walter C, of Chicago, 111., was 
 born at Sangertield, Oneida County, N. Y., De- 
 cember 23, 1835; received an academic education; 
 served during the war in volunteer armies of the 
 United States as private, lieutenant, captain, major, 
 lieutenant-colonel, colonel, and brigadier-general 
 by brevet ; elected to the Fifty-second Congress as 
 a Democrat. 
 
 Newbold, Thomas, Mas elected a Rejiresenta- 
 tive from New Jersey to the Tenth, Eleventh, and 
 Twelfth Cf)ngresses as a Democrat; died in Bur- 
 lington County, N. J., December 4, 1823. 
 
 Newcomb, Carman A., was born in ^Mercer 
 County, Pa., .July 1, 1830; received a liberal edu- 
 cation; studied law and admitted to practice; 
 moved to Iowa, where he was a judge for five 
 years; moved to Missouri and resumed practice; 
 served in the [Missouri legislature 1865-66; elected 
 a Representative from Missouri to the Fortieth 
 Congress as a Radical. 
 
71H 
 
 CilNtiRKSSIONAI. niKKCToHV 
 
 Newell, William A., was Imiiii at Kraiiklin, 
 Ohio, Si'|i|i'iiilur •'>, ISIil; j;iji<liialc(l fnilii I{ut;;i'rM 
 Collf;;*' ill ls:ili; >tiiilii'(l iiii'dicinc ami l)i';.'aii |inir- 
 t ice at Allonliiwii, N. .1.; t'lcclcil a lii'inc-i'iitativi' 
 (null New .Ktsov t" tlie Tliirtii'tli ami riiirty-lirst 
 C'oii>;ri'SHt's as a Wlii).'; piviTiior of Now .Ifivi-y 
 ISTitUlSliO; (IrloKato to tin- national Ki'iaililicaii 
 coiivi'iitioii at lialtiiuori' in lS(i4; clcctiMl to tlu- 
 Thirty-nintli Coiifin'ss as a l{c])ul)lican; clefoateii 
 for tin- Kortioth t'onjirrss; drfcatt-il as He|>ul>lican 
 cnmliilatc for governor of New .Utscv in 1H77; 
 (lii'il at Allcntown, X. .).. Au-iiist 8, IlKl'l. 
 
 Newhard, Peter, was a natiw of Allinloun, 
 Pa., reii-ivi'il a liberal cilmation; stmlicil ami 
 iiracticfd law; lu'lil srvcnil local oHicos; fli'ctcil a 
 K<.']iri'sciitativt' from Pennsylvania to tin- Twenty- 
 sixth anil Twenty-seventh ('impresses as a Demo- 
 crat. 
 
 Newlands, Francis G., of Keno, Xev., was 
 
 born at Nateliez. Mi.xs., An;.'ust 2S, 1S4S; entered 
 the elass of 18(17 at Yale Colle^'e and reinaineil 
 until the middle of his junior year; later on at- 
 tended the C'olumhian College l,aw School at 
 AVashinnton, but prior tofrradiiation was admitted 
 to the bar by the su|)reine court of the Di.striet of 
 Columbia, and went to San Francisco, where he 
 entered njion the practice of the law; continued 
 in the active juaetice of his profession until ISSti, 
 when he became a trustee of the estate of William 
 Sharon, formerly I'niteil States Senator fnMii the 
 State of Nevada; became a citizen of the Stale of 
 Nevaila in 1S8S; en)iat;ed actively in the a^jitation 
 of the silver i|Uestion, and was for years vice- 
 chairman (if the national Silver committee; also 
 active in the irri<;ation development of the arid 
 region and other i|uestions relating to the West; 
 nominated by the Silver party of Nevada for 
 member of Contrress in ISDl', receiviiifx also the 
 nomination of the Silver Republican convention 
 of that State; elected to the Kilty-thinl ('onirre.^s 
 as a Silver part v man; reeh'cled to the Kifty-l'ourtli, 
 Fifty-lifth, Kii'ty-sixtli, and Fifty-seveiith C'on- 
 cresses; electol a I'nited States Senator, and took 
 his seat March 4, VMi. 
 
 Newman, Alexander, was born near Orange, 
 Va., in ISlIti; received an academic eti neat ion; held 
 several local otlices; elected to the Virjrinia legis- 
 lature in ls:it); postmaster at Wheeliii); 1 .S4.")-l 849, 
 when he resi^ined; elei-ted a Representative from 
 Virpnia to the Thirty-lirst Conjrress, but did not 
 take his seat; died at I'ittsbur); in tluly, 18411. 
 
 Newman, Daniel, was a native of North Caro- 
 lina; received a liberal education; ensign of the 
 Fourth I'nited .states Infantry; ]iromoted to be 
 tii-st lieutenant in I7!i!i, and resigned January 1, 
 180'J; commandi'd the (ieorgia volunteers in the 
 Creek war 1812-1814: major-sxeneral of militia; 
 eliM-ted a Reiiresentative from (ieorgia to the 
 Twenly-seconil Coniire.'^s as a State Kight.s Denio- 
 cnit; dieil in Walker County, Ga., .lanuarv Ifi, 
 18.51. 
 
 Newsbam, Joseph Parkinson, was born at 
 I'reston, I,aii<:ishire, Knglaml, May 24, 18:!7; re- 
 ceiveil a limited eiliicatioii; studierl law and |irac- 
 ticed at St. Louis, Mo.; served in the I'nion .\rniy 
 on the staffs of (ieneral Kn'^mont ami tieneral 
 Smith; adjutant of the Thirty-secoinl Missouri 
 Volunteer Infantry, and resiRned ,Iuly 4, 18t)4; 
 iiiove<l to I.K)uisiana in 18(i4; held several local 
 offices in Louisiana during the reconstriK'tion of 
 the State; establisheil the Feliciana Republican; 
 eleeteil a Representative from l^iuisiana to the 
 Fortieth Congress as a Republican; claime<l to 
 
 have iH'en elected to the Forty-lirst Congress, but 
 the certificate was given to his opfMinent, Michael 
 Ryan, democrat, and after a contest the seat wiiH 
 given to Jo.^eph 1'. Newsham, on May 2:{, 187(1, 
 when he was sworn in. 
 
 Newton, Cherubusco, of Bastrop, Ui., was 
 
 born in the State of Louisiana May l.'i, 1848; re- 
 ceived an acadeiiiic education; taught school, dur- 
 ing w Inch time he reail law; admitti'd to the bar in 
 1870aml entered upon the praiticeof his profession 
 ill Louisiana; formed a law partnership with Col. 
 William .1. Hall in 187.'i, which partnei-ship con- 
 tinued till the death of Coloiiid Hall in 1.884; 
 elected to the State senate in 1879 and servi'd four 
 years; decliiieil a judtreshii) in 188.5, preferring to 
 remain in active iiractice; elected to the Fiftieth 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Ne'wton, Eben, was born at (ioshen. Conn., 
 October l(i, 17!'o; reieived a limited iMhK'ation; 
 moveil to I'ortage County, Ohio; studied law and 
 in 182.'! began juaetice at Canlield. Ohio; State 
 senator in 1842; judge of the third judicial circuit; 
 eleeteil a Representative from Ohio to theThirty- 
 .second Coiigre.--sasa Whig; defeated lor reelection; 
 presiileiit of the Ashtabula and New Lisbon Iteil- 
 road Company 18.5(i-18.5it. 
 
 Newton, Thomas, was born at Norfolk. Va., 
 in 17ti!t; received a liberal education; stmlied law 
 ami began inactiee at Norfolk; held several local 
 ollices; elected a Rejiresentative from Virginia to 
 the Seventh, Kighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, 
 Twelfth, Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Fifteenth, Six- 
 teenth, Seventeenth, F.igliteenth, Nineteenth, 
 Twentieth, and Twenty-first Congnvses asa Demo- 
 crat, serving from Di'cember 7, 1801, to March 9, 
 18;!0, when the House gave his seat to (ieorge 
 Loyall, who hail contesteil it; again elected to the 
 Tweiitv-second Congress; died at Norfolk, Va., 
 August .5, 1847. 
 
 Newton, Thomas Willoug-hby, was born at 
 Alexandria, Va., .lanuary 18, 1,803; rei-eived a 
 limited eilucatioii: moved in 1820 to Arkansas ami 
 located at Little Rock; moved to Shelby County, 
 Kv., and returned to Little Hock in 18i?7 and U'- 
 canie cashier in a bank; elected a Kepres»>ntative 
 from .\rkansas to the Twenty-ninth Congress ( vice 
 Archibald Yell, resigneil ); "<lied at New York in 
 18.53. 
 
 Newton, Willoughby, w;is a native of We.-^t- 
 moreland County, Va. ; received a limited eiluca- 
 tioii; elected a Representative from Virginia to 
 tlie Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Niblack, Silas L., wa.-' elected a Kepresenta- 
 tive from Florida to the Forty-secoml (oiigre.ss, 
 having succc-sfuUy conti'sted the seat of .losiah T. 
 Walls, and serveil from .lanuary 2it. 187.S, to March 
 3, 187:); defeated as the Democratic candidate at 
 large for the Forty-third Congress. 
 
 Niblack, William E., was born at Vim-enne.s, 
 Ind., May 19. 1822; receivecl a cla.ssical education; 
 studied law and practiced: served several terms in 
 both branches of the State legislatiiix': circuit jiidgt' 
 1,8.54-18.57, when he resigned, having been eleeteil 
 a Representative from Indiana to the Thirly-lifth 
 Congress (vice .lames Lockharl. ileceiv-iMl) a- a 
 Deniocrut; reelected to the Thirty-sixth Congn-.ss; 
 eleeteil to the Thirty-iiiiilh, Fortieth. Forty-lirst, 
 Port v-secoml, and Fort y-thinl Congresses: deli-gate 
 to the Democratic national convention at Chicago 
 in 1.8ii4, at New York in 1.8ii8, an<l at St. Ixtuis in 
 187i>. 
 
BIOGBAPHIES. 
 
 •17 
 
 Nicholas, John, was born at Williamsburg, 
 Va., January 19, ITtil; received a common school 
 education; elected a Representative from Virginia 
 to the Third, Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Congres-ses 
 as a Democrat; liioved to (ieueva, N. Y.; member 
 of the New York State senate 180(5-1809; died at 
 Geneva, K. Y., Decendjer 31, 1819. ' 
 
 Nicholas, Robert Carter, was Ijorn at Hanover, 
 Ya., in 1793; i;raduateil from William and ]\Iary 
 College; served in the war of 1812 as captain and 
 major; moved to Louisiana and became a sugar 
 planter; secretary of state of Louisiana; elected a 
 United States '.Senator from Louisiana (vice CI A. 
 E. Gayarre, declined), serving from 188(5 to 1841; 
 died in Terrelionne Parish, La., December 2i, 18.'57. 
 
 Nicholas, "Wilson Carey, was born at Hanover, 
 Va., about 1757; graduated from William and Mary 
 College; served in the Revolutionary Army; dele- 
 gate to the State constitutional convention which 
 ratified the Federal Constitution; elected al'nited 
 States Senator from Virginia (vice Henry Taze- 
 well, deceased ) as a Democrat, serving from Jan- 
 uary 3, 1800, to 1804, when he resigned; collector 
 of tiie port at Norfolk 18(14-1807; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Yirginiato the Tenth and F;ieventh 
 Congresses, serving from October 2(5, 1807, to No- 
 vember 27,1809, when he resigned; governor of 
 Virginia 1814-1817; died at Milton, Va., October 
 10, 1820. 
 
 NichoUs, John C, was born at Clinton, Jones 
 County, Ga., A]>ril '2b, 1834; educated at William 
 and iiary College, Virginia; l:)y profession a law- 
 yer, also a planter; soldier in the Confederate army 
 during the entire war; mendjer ol the national 
 Democratic convention that nominated John C. 
 Breckinridge for. President; member of the State 
 constitutional convention of 1865; elector of the 
 First districtof Georgia on the Seymour and Blair 
 ticket of 1858; elected to theGeorgia senate in 1870 
 and served five years, and while a member of that 
 body served as chairman of the committee to in- 
 vestigate the affairs of Governor Bullock; delegate 
 to the national Democratic convention at St. Louis 
 in 187(5; elected a Reprorentative from Georgia to 
 the F( prty-sixth and Fort)'-eighth Congresses as a 
 Democrat; died December 25, 1893. 
 
 Nichols, John, of Raleigh, N. C, was born in 
 AVake County, N. C., November 14, 1834; received 
 a conmion school education; when 15 years of age 
 apprenticed to the printing liusiness, serving a full 
 term of six years; when 21 years of age attended 
 Lovejoy Academy for one year; for a number of 
 years engaged in the Ijook and job printing busi- 
 ness and newspaper publishing; principal of the 
 North Carolina In.stitute for the Deaf and Dundi 
 and the Blind 1873-1877; revenue-stamp agent at 
 Durham, N. C., 1879-1881; apiiointe<l postmaster 
 at Raleigh, N. C, in Jlay, 1881, and removed by 
 President Cleveland in May, 18,85; secretary and 
 treasurer of the State Fair Association for a num- 
 ber of years; elected to the Fiftieth Congress as an 
 Indejiendent; chief of the division of mail tiles 
 and records of the Treasury Department during 
 President Harrison's Adndnistration; resigned 
 July 1, 1893; returned to Raleigh, N. C., and for 
 one year was in the internal-revenue office. 
 
 Nichols, Matthias H., was born at Sharps- 
 town, N. J., ( Ictolier 3, 1824; received a limited 
 educatiiin; printer; moved to(.)hioin 1842; studied 
 law, and in 1849 began jiractice at Lima, C)hio; 
 prosecuting attorney for Allen County: elected a 
 Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-third, 
 Thirty-fourth, and Thirty-tifth Congresses as a 
 
 Republican; die<l at Cincinnati, Ohio, September 
 15, 18(52. 
 
 Nicholson, Alfred O. P., was born in William- 
 son County, Tenn., August 31, 1808; graduated 
 from Chai>el Hill University, North Carolina, in 
 1827; studied law, and in 1831 began jiractice at 
 Columbia, Tenn.; edited the Western Mercury at 
 Columl)ia 1832-1835; member of the State house 
 of re]>re.sentatives 1833-1839; appointed a I'nited 
 States Senator from Tennessee ( vice Felix (irundy, 
 deceased) as a Democrat, serving from Jaimary 
 11, 1841, to March 3, 1843; edited the Nashville 
 Union 1844-1846; elected a United States Senator 
 from Tennessee, serving from December 5, 1859, 
 to March 3, 1861, when he retired, but was ex- 
 yielled July 11, 1861; appointed chief justice of 
 the supreme court of Tennessee; died at Columbia, 
 Tenn., March 23, 1876. 
 
 Nicholson, John, was born at Herkimer, N. Y., 
 in 17(55; received a limited education; studied and 
 practice<l law; lield various local offices; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the Eleventh 
 Congress as a Democrat; died at Herkimer, N. Y., 
 January 20, 1820. 
 
 Nicholson, John A. , was born at Laurel, 
 Del., November 17, 1827; received a liberal edu- 
 cation; superintendent of free schools for Kent 
 County inl851; studied and 2>racticed)aw; elected 
 a Representative from Delaware to theThirty-ninth 
 and Fortieth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Nicholson, Joseph Hopper, was Ijorn in Mary- 
 land in 1770; receiveil a liberal education; studied 
 and practiced law; elected a Rejiresentative from 
 Maryland to the Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth 
 Congresses as a Democrat, serving from December 
 2, 1799, to March 1, 180(5, when he resigned; chief 
 justice of the sixth judicial district; judge of the 
 court of appeals; died in Maryland March 4, 1817. 
 
 Nicoll, Henry, was born at New York, October 
 23, 1812; graduated from Colundjia College in 
 1830; studied law and began practice in New York; 
 delegate to the State constitutional convention in 
 1847; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Niedringhaus, Frederick G. , of St. Louis, 
 Mo., was born at Lnebbecke, Westphalia, North 
 Germany, October 21, 1837, where he received a 
 comracm school eilucation; placed in his father's 
 shop, and trained in general mechanics, particular- 
 ly in glazing, painting, and the tinner's trade; 
 emigrated to the Fnitecl States at the age of 18, 
 arriving at St. Louis in Novend:ier, 1855, where he 
 sought employment at the tinner's bench; after 
 six months his brother A\'illiam joined him, and 
 they worked together two years at the bench, sav- 
 ing enouudi money during this tiiue frrmi their 
 rajjirlly increasing wages to start a business of 
 their own; this was a success from the beginning, 
 and soon after two branches were started; being 
 general mechanics, they turned their attention 
 particularly to manufacturing, and in 1862 began 
 the stamping of tinware, etc.; in 1866 the busi- 
 ness was incorporated under the name of St. Louis 
 Stamping Company, of which Frederick G. was 
 president; in 1874 they invented what is called 
 "granite ironware;" in 1881 they established ex- 
 tensive rolling mills, which, with their factory, 
 employed about 1,200 people; elected to the Fifty- 
 first Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Niles, Jason, was elected a Representativefrom 
 Mississi])j)i to the Forty-third Congress as a Re- 
 publican; defeated for reelection. 
 
71S 
 
 ('()N(!KKSSI()N.\1. ll|i;i;(T<iUY. 
 
 Xiles, John Milton, was Imhii :it WiiuUor, 
 ('ntiii.,An'jiistL'll, I7S7; hm rivi-d a lil«Tiil I'llmalinii; 
 stiiilicil law ami l»'),'an |ii-a('ti<i'at 1 1 a it h in I, Cumi.; 
 fstalilislifil till' liartli'iil Tiiiics; tiniiily jllil;r<' 
 ISL'l-lS'.'d: iiu'inlicr <if till' Stale liiniso of ii'|)ri'- 
 wntiitivi'S ill IS'Jti; pojit master at I lartl'onl in 1,S2!I; 
 u|i|Miiiite(la I'liited States SeiiatorfniiiiCniiiieetieilt 
 (vice Nathan Siiiitli, dei-ea^eil ) as a Wlii-r, aiul 
 Hiilise<|iU'iitly elec'led, serving; ftoni l>eeeiiilper ;J1, 
 1S;!.">, til Matvli :!, Is.'fH: I'listmastei-tieiieral 1S4I)- 
 41: apiin elected a Inited Stati'S f>eiial<ir, servinj; 
 fntiii 1S4:! ti> lS4il: diol at Hartford, Cinin.. May 
 31, ISoli. 
 
 Niles. Nathaniel, H as Imriiat South Kiii-.'ston, 
 IM., April :;. 17-11: f,'radiiale<l from Princeton Col- 
 lej;e in 17iiii; studied law and |iracticed; studied 
 thei>loi;y anil iireached: nimed to ( tran;;e County, 
 Vt.: nieinlierof the State house of representatives 
 ill 17^4 and served as its speaker: jnd^e of the 
 supn'me cmirt for several years; elected a Kejire- 
 .seiitative from Vermont t" the Seeimd and Third 
 Coniiresses: died at Kairlee, Vt., Octoher SI, ISUS. 
 
 Nisbet-Eugenius A. , \V!Us liornat I'nion I'oint, 
 (ia., I>ecemlier7, ISIKi: received a liU'ral education: 
 studied law and hepui practice at Macon, (ia.; 
 iiiemher of the State house of representatives; de- 
 feated as the Whifi candidate for the Twenty-lifth 
 ('iin!;res.«: elected a Representative from (.ieorjjia 
 to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Con- 
 pre.sses as a Wliii:: judjie of the supreme court of 
 (ieorjjia: died at Macon, (ia., Marcli 18, 1S71. 
 
 Niven, Archibald C. \va.« a native of New 
 York; received a liheral education; held several 
 local ollices; elected a Kepresentative from New 
 York to the Twenty-ninth C'onjiressasa Deiiiocnit. 
 
 Nixon, John T., was born at Fairton, Cumber- 
 land Connty. .\. .1., Annust :!1, ISL'O; graduated 
 from rriiiceloii College in 1S41; studied law and 
 liegan practice at llridgeton, N..I.; meniher of the 
 State house of representatives from New .Jersey to 
 tlie Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses as 
 !i Kepiililican; apjiointeil I'niteil Stales judge for 
 tlie district of New .lersev in 1S70: died at Stock- 
 l.ridge, Mass., ScptemherL'.S, 18«1>. 
 
 Noble, David A., was a native of Jla.s.^aelui- 
 setts; graduated from Williams College in 1K25; 
 Ktndied law and In^gan ]>ractice at .Monroe, Mich.; 
 held several local othces; elected a Kepresenta- 
 tive from Michigan to the Thirty-tiiird Congre.ss 
 as a Democrat; (h'feated for reelection to the 
 Thirty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Noble, James, was horn at Rattletown, Va., 
 about 17!i(l: moved to Kentucky, and afterwards to 
 Indiana: received a limited education; elected a 
 Cnited States Senator from Indiana, .serving from 
 December 12, ISlii, to Kehruary :.'(>, 1831, when he 
 died, at Washington, I). C. 
 
 Noble, Warren P., was born in IVnnsylvania 
 .Iniie II. I.'^'JI; received a limited ediicalion: moved 
 to Ohio and stnilicd law; lieg-.in practice at Tillin, 
 (thio; held sevenil local ollices; inemher of the 
 State house of re|)re,senlatives l.S.i(i-l,St;0; eleetiNi a 
 Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-seventh 
 and Thirly-cighth Congresses a.s a iH-mocrat: de- 
 feated for the Thirty-ninth Congress. 
 
 Noble, William H., was horn in New York in 
 178S; R'sided at Cato; received a limited educa- 
 tion; .studied law and pnictieed; helil several 
 local ollices; electeil a Kepresentative from New- 
 York to the Twenty-lifth Congress as a rVmocrjit; 
 defeatc<l for reelection; ilied at Kochester, N. Y., 
 Februarv .'>, 1S50. 
 
 Noel, Thomas E., waslmrnal I'cnyville, Miss., 
 .\pril :!, ls:!'.i; received a common school eiluca- 
 lion; studied law and ill l.s."),s hegaii imictice at 
 I'erryville; captain in the Nineteenth liilaiilry. 
 r. S. Army, in ISli'J, and resigiu'd in IMI:); elected 
 a Kepre.senlativefroin Missouri to IheThirlv-ninth 
 and Fori ietli Congresses as a Kadical: dieil at St. 
 Uiuis, Mo., ()eloher4, l.siiT. 
 
 Noell, John W. , was horn in Itradfonl ( 'ouiity. 
 Va.. Kehruary l.'i, ISlii; receivid a liberal educa- 
 tion: moved in \K'/J to Mis.souri; stniheil law and 
 iH'gan practice at IViiryville, Mo.; held sevend 
 local ollices; State senator for four years; elected 
 a Kepresentative from Mi.s.sonri to the Thirty-sixth 
 Congre.-s as a Deniocnit; reelected to tin- Tliirty- 
 seveiith and Thirtv-eighth Coiign'sses; died at 
 Washington, I>. ('., "March 14, iSlVA. 
 
 Nolan, Michael N. , of .\lbany, N. Y., was horn 
 in Ireland .May, ls:'.4; came to this country at the 
 age of 10 yeai-s and educated ill the jinhlie schools 
 of Alhany: stiulieil law; president and treasurerof 
 the Keverwvck l.ager licer Hrewing Company; 
 director of tlie National Savings Mank of .\lliany; 
 lire commissioner of .Mbaiiy for ten years; elected 
 mayor of the city of All any in 1.S7S; reelected in 
 1880, and again reeliH'ted in 18S1.' while serving as 
 a member of Congress; electedtolhe Forly-sevenlli 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Noonan, Edward T. , of Chicago, 111., was born 
 at Macomb, 111., October l':!, 18(il; studied law; 
 admitted to the bar in 1.S82; received the degree of 
 1.1,. 15. from the I'niversity of Michigan in I8S3; 
 meniher of the State senate of Illinois 1,S!M)-18!M; 
 one of the " 101 " w ho voted nine weeks for (ien. 
 John M. rainier for ."senator; colonel on the staff 
 of (ioveriior .\ltgcld 1.8ii:>-l,sil7: annually elected 
 attorney for the board of West Cliicago park coni- 
 missiniiers l.Sd.S-l.silS; elirted a member of the 
 Fifty-sixth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Noonan, Georg-e H., of San Antonio, Tex., 
 was born in New .lerscy, and, after attaining his 
 majority, emigrated in ls7y> to Texas, located in 
 Medina Couiitv, and practici'd law until elected 
 judge of the district court in l.^tiL'; held the office 
 of judge continuously from that time to the pres- 
 ent; elected to the Fifty-fourth (,'ongress as a 
 Kepnlilican; after leaving Congress resumeil the 
 practice of law . 
 
 Norcross, Amasa, was born at Kindgi-, N. II., 
 ,Iaiiuary 2(1, l.HlH; received an academic education; 
 studied l;\w, ami admitted to the bar in 1847; mem- 
 ber of the State house of representativ(>s of the 
 Ma.ssachnsetts legislature in I.8."i8, l,s.i!i, and 1.8H2, 
 and of the State senate of Mas.s;iclinsetts in 1874; 
 assessor of internal revenue for the Tenth Congres- 
 sional ilistrict from .\ugnst, 1.8iiL', until May, 1873, 
 when theoUice was abolished; mayor of the city of 
 Fitchburgin 187:i ami 1874; elected to the Forty- 
 liftli, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congn-s-ses as 
 a Kepuhliiaii: died in I'aris, France, .\pril 2, 1808. 
 
 Norris, Benjamin W. , was Ixirn at Mon- 
 mouth, Me, in 181!!; graduated from Colby I'ni- 
 versity in 1843; merchant: delegate In the Free 
 Soil convention at Knffalo in l.'<48; held sevend 
 liK-al ollices; delegate to the national Ke|iublican 
 convention at Kallimore in 18(i4: pavmaslerin the 
 I'nion .\riiiy 18ii4-ti.); became a planter in .\la- 
 baina after the war; member of the constitutional 
 convention of .Mabama in 18(>8; elected a Kepre- 
 sentative fi Alabama to the I-ortieth Congn-sa 
 
 as a Kepublican; died at Montgomery, Ala., 
 .lauuarv 27, 1873. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 71 'J 
 
 Norris, Moses, was born at PittHfield, N. H., 
 November H, 1799; graduateil from Darfmoiitb 
 College in 1828; studied law and (•oniiucuced 
 prat'tice at Barnstead; nerved two terin.u in tbe 
 State house of repres-entatives; elected a Kepre- 
 sentative frsm New Hampt^hire to the Twenty- 
 eighth Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the 
 Twenty-ninth Congress; again a member of the 
 State house of representatives in 1847 and chosen 
 speaker; elected to the I'liited States Senate and 
 served from March 4, 1849, until he died, at 
 Washington, D. C, January 11, 1855. 
 
 North, William, was l)om at Fort Frederick, 
 Pema(|iiid, Me., in l7o5; aid-de-camp to Major- 
 General IJaron do Steuben in the Kevolutionaiy 
 Army; apjiointed I'nited States Senator from New 
 Vork ( vice John S. Ilobart, resigned), serving from 
 May 21, 1798, to March 3, 1799; appointed adjutant- 
 general of the Army with tlie rank of brigadier- 
 feneral, and served from 1798 to 1800; died at 
 )uanesburg, N. Y., January 3, 18.')0. 
 
 Northway, Stephen A., was born at Christian 
 Holi.iw, Oiii)]idaga County, N. Y., June 19, 1833; 
 moved in ls40 with his parents into the township 
 of (Jrwell, Ashtabula County, f)hio; eilucated in 
 the district school, Kingsville Academy, and 
 Orwell Academy; taught school to jirocure means 
 wifli which to jjrosecute his studies; began the 
 study of law in 1858 and admitted to the bar in 
 1859; elected prosecuting att^jrney and located in 
 Jefferson in 1S61; reelecte<l prosecuting attorney 
 in 1863; elected to the State house of representa- 
 tives in 1865 and served two years; devoted him- 
 self to his law business till elected to the Fifty-tliird 
 Congress as a Republican; reelected to the Fifty- 
 fourth and Fiftv-lifth Congresses; died Septtember 
 18, 1898. 
 
 Norton, Daniel S. , was bom at Mount Vernon' 
 Ohio, April 12, 1«29; received a classical education, 
 and grafluated from Kenyon College, Oliio; served 
 in the Mexican war; after the war returned to 
 Ohio and studied law; began practice in 1852; 
 moved to Minnesota and practiced; served six 
 years in the Minnesota State senat*?; electefl a 
 United States Senator from Minnesota as a I'nion 
 Conservative, and served from March 4, 1866, to 
 July 14, 1870, when he died at Washington, D. ('. 
 
 Norton, Ebenezer F., was a native of Buffalo, 
 N. Y.; received a liberal education; studied anil 
 practiced law; held several I<Kal offices; elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Twentv- 
 first Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Norton, Elijah H. , was bom in Logan County, 
 Ky., November 24, 1.S2]; received a liljeral educa- 
 tion; studied law and began i)racticeat HlattCity; 
 moved to Missouri; juilge of the circuit court of 
 Missouri 1852-1860; elected a Representative from 
 Mi.«sonri to the Thirty-seventh Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Norton, James, of Mullins, S. C, was born 
 October 8, 1843, in Marion County, S. (,'. ; received 
 an academic education; left school in 1861 to enter 
 the Crinfederate army; served through tlie war in 
 the Army of Northern Virginia; more than once 
 wounded, a minie ball at one time passing 
 through the body and right lung; from this wound 
 he had sufficiently recovered to be able to return 
 to the army just in time, with Petersburg, to be 
 captured: after the war reentered school, but did 
 not finish regidar course; elected county school 
 cjmmissioner in 1870 and retdected 1872; served 
 as a meirdjer of the house of representatives of 
 South Carolina 1886-87 and 1890-91; electeil 
 
 comptroller-general of the State 1894 and reelected 
 1896, which office he resigned to accept a seat in 
 the Fifty-fifth Congress; won the nomination for 
 Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resigna- 
 tion of John L. Mcl^aurin, and electeil as a Demo- 
 crat; reelected to the Fifty-sixth Congress. 
 
 Norton, James Albert,of Tiffin, SenecaC'ounty, 
 Ohio, was liorn in Seneca ( 'ounty, Ohio, Novem- 
 ber 11, 1843; educated in the Tiffin schools; en- 
 listed in United States service in August, 1862, 
 sergeant Company K, One hundred and first Ohio 
 Volunteer Infantry; promoted to lirst lieutenant 
 and adjutant One hundred and twenty-third 
 L'nited States Colored Infantry in 1864; mustered 
 out of service at clo.ue of the war, in 1H65; be- 
 gan the practice of medicine in l.Si>7; continued 
 that profession until 1879; admitted to the bar in 
 1879; served six years in the Ohio house of repre- 
 sentatives 1873-1879; speaker pro tempore of that 
 body for two years; appointed commissioner of 
 railroads and telegraphs by Governor James Fl 
 Campbell, and served in tliat capacity during 
 Governor Campbell's and part of the first term of 
 Governor McKinley's administration, when he 
 resigned to accept position in railroad service; 
 elected to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth Con- 
 gresses and reelected to the Fifty-seventh Con- 
 gress as a Democrat. 
 
 Norton, Jesse O., was a native of Vermont; 
 graduated from Williams College, in Massachusetts; 
 moved to Illinois; studied law and in 1840 began 
 practice at Joliet, 111.; member of the State con- 
 stitutional convention in 1847; member of the 
 State hou.ue of representatives in 1851 -.52; elected 
 a Representative from Illinois to the Thirty-third 
 and Thirty-fonrtli Congresses as a Republican; 
 judge of the eleventh district of Illinois Is;57-1H62; 
 electeil to the Thirty-eighth Congress; delegate to 
 the national Union convention at I'hiladelphia in 
 1866; died at Chicago, 111., August 3, 1875. 
 
 Norton, Nelson I., was born in Cattaraugus 
 County, N. Y., .March 30, 1820; received a linuted 
 education; farmer; held several local offices; mem- 
 ber of the State a.S'^endjly in 1861; Presidential 
 elector on the (irant and' Wilson ticket in 1872; 
 elected a Repre-sentative from New York to the 
 Forty-fourth Congress fvice A. F. Allen, deceased) 
 as a Republican. 
 
 Norton, Richard Henry, of Troy, JIo., was 
 born at Troy, iJncoln County, Mo., November 6, 
 1849; educated at the St. Louis University, where 
 he took the classical course; graduated from tlie 
 law deiiartment of Washington I'niversitv, St. 
 Louis, in the class of 1870, and practiced hi.s i>ro- 
 fession; elected to the Fifty-first Congress as a 
 Democrat; reelected to the Fifty-second Congress; 
 on leaving ( 'ongress he devoted his time to practic- 
 ing law and farming. 
 
 Norvell, John, was lx)rn at Philadelphia, Pa., in 
 1790; printer; received a linuted education; moved 
 to Michigan and located at Detroit; po.stma.-^ter at 
 Detroit; elected a United States Senator from 
 Michigan a.-' a Democrat, .serving from Januarv 26, 
 1837, to March 3, 1841; died at Detroit, Mich., 
 April 11, 1,S.50. 
 
 Norwood. Thomas M., of Savannah, Ga., was 
 born in Talbot County, Ga., April 26, 1830; re- 
 ceived an academic education at Culloden, Monroe 
 County, (ia.; graduated from Finorv Uollege, 
 Oxford, Ga., in 1S.50; studied law, and admitted 
 to practice in February, 1852; moved to Savannah 
 in March, 18.52, where he practiced law: member 
 of the (Georgia legislature in 1861-<i2; elected 
 
720 
 
 CONOKKSSIONAL |)| KK<T< iKY, 
 
 altorniito Dpniopratic elector for llu- Slate at Uirnf 
 ill ISliS 1111 till' Sfyiiimir ami HUiir ticket; eleiied 
 to till' I'liiteil State-i Senate in Niiveiiilier, ISTI; 
 after a contest fur his .-eat with Foster r>ln.li.'i'tt lie 
 wa.s adiiiitteil to liis seat lleceiiilier 111, l.sTl, ami 
 nervecl until March ;t, 1.S77; electeil to the Korty- 
 iiiiitli Con;rre.<H ami reelected to the I'iftieth C'on- 
 uros." a.-* a Ileimurat. 
 
 Nott, Abraham, was lioni at Saylirook, (,'onn., 
 in 17ti7; unuliiated from Yale College in 17K7; 
 went to tieorj;ia, ami siilise(|iienlly to C'aimleii, 
 S. C, in 178VJ; studied law, and in 1791 adiiiitteil 
 to the liar; held several local odices; elected a 
 Kepresentative from South taroliiia to the Sixth 
 ( 'oufiress as a Federalist; resumed the practii-e of 
 law at ('olunil)ia in 1S04; president of the court of 
 appeals in 1H24; died ,Iune 19, 1880, at Fairfield, 
 .s. ('. 
 
 Nourse, Amos, was Iiorn at Bolon, Mass., De- 
 cemlier 17, 17(1-1; <.'raihiated from Harvard t'olle^'c 
 in ISlL'; stmlie<l meilicine. and practiicd at J?ath; 
 medical lecturer at liowdoin ('ollej.'e 1S4()-1S."|4; 
 held .several local otiices; aii|iointcd a ("nitecl 
 States Senator from Maine (vice llaunilial llanilin, 
 resigned I, and .served from .lamiary 24, l.'^.^7, to 
 March .'{, 1S.57; judpe of inohate of Sagadahoc 
 County; died at Hath, Me., April 17, 1877. 
 
 Noyes, John, was horn in 170.'!; graduated from 
 Darlnioiith College in 17!i."); held several l<ical 
 otiices in Vermont; idected a R<'l)reseiitative from 
 Vermont to the I'ourteenth Congress asa Federalist. 
 
 Noyes, Joseph C, was horn at I'ortlaml, Me., 
 in 17!)8; received a limited education; merchant 
 at Kastport; State representative in 18:ili; elected 
 a Hepreseiitative from Maine to the Twenty-fifth 
 ami Twenty-sixth Congresses as a AVliig; nio\ed 
 to Portland and engaged in the hanking business; 
 died at Portland, Me., ,Iuly L'l, 186.H. 
 
 Nuckolls, Stephen F., was horn in (irayson 
 County, Va., August Ifi, 181'."); received a liheral 
 education; moved to Missouri in 1841) and hecaine 
 a merchant; moved to Nebraska Territory in ]8.'>4; 
 held several local olliies; .served in the Nebraska 
 legislature in ]8.'5!l; moved to Colora<lo Territory 
 in 18(10 and engaged in mining; moved to New 
 York City in 1.8(14; moved to ])akota Territory in 
 181)7 and located at Cheyenne, and in 18(10, upon the 
 organization of Wyoming Territorv, was elected 
 a ]>elegate from Wyoming to the l-"orty-lirst Con- 
 gre.-s as a Democrat. 
 
 Nuckolls, William C, was a native of South 
 C'arolina; graduated from the South Carolina I'ni- 
 Versity in 18L'0; studied law and began ]iractice at 
 .Spartanburg, S. ('.; elected a Representative from 
 .'^oiitli Carolina to the Twentieth, Twenty-lirst, 
 and Twenty-second ( 'ongre,s.ses. 
 
 Nugen, Robert H., was horn in Washington 
 County. I'a.. in I.SOO; inove<l with Ids ])arents to 
 ( ihio in 1811 and locateil in Columbiana County, 
 and in 1828 moved to Tuscarawas County ; received 
 aliiniteil education; held several local offices; 
 elected a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty- 
 seventh ( 'ongre,-s as a Democrat. 
 
 Nunn, David A., waslKirnin Hayw I County, 
 
 Tenn., in 18:!.'); received a cla.ssical eilucation; 
 Htuiliifi law and began practice at Hrownsville; a 
 Presidential elector on the Bell ticket in 18(10, and 
 ill 18ti4 oil the Republican ticket; served asa inein- 
 lier of the Stiite iiouse of repre.sentatives 1.8tl()-(i7; 
 elected a Reprcsentativi- from Tenne.'-s«>e to the 
 Fortieth Congre.-sns a Republican; defeated as the : 
 Indei»en(lent Republican candidate for the Forty- i 
 
 lirst Congress; elected to the Forty-third ConureBS 
 and again defeated for the Forty-fourth Coiigrega. 
 
 Nute, Alonzo, of Fariniiigton, N. II., was horn 
 at Milt. in. N. 11,. February IL', 182(1; eilucated in 
 the common schools; at the age of ](> moved to 
 Natick, Ma.ss. ; returned to New llampsliirein 1848, 
 where he eugagc.l in the manufacture of boots and 
 shoes at Farmingloii: in Ihespringof Isdl intered 
 the Fnion Army in the Sixth New Hampshire 
 Volunteers, and served until incapacitati'cl for 
 duty, on the staffs of Generals (irillin and Rush 
 Hawkins; electe<l a memlH-r of the New llanip- 
 sliire house of representatives in 18(!(), and of the 
 State senate for 18(17-118; .lelegate to the national 
 Republican coll vc'iit ion at Cincinnati in 187(1; elected 
 to the Fifty-lirst Congress as a Repiil)lican. 
 
 Nutting, Newton W., was born at West Mon- 
 roe, Oswego County, N. V., October 22, 1.840; re- 
 ceived an aca<lemic education at Mexico, Oswego 
 County, N. Y.; studied law; admitted ti tlie bar, 
 ami has since practiced; a member of the school 
 committee of the second ilistri<t of < 'sw ego County, 
 N. Y., from .laiiuary 1, 18(14, to .lanuary 1, 1.8(17; 
 district attorney of Oswego County from ,Ianuary 
 1, 18t)9, t<i .laniiary 1, 1872; county judge of Os- 
 wego County from January 1, 1878, to March 4, 
 188.'i, when he resigned, having been electeil to the 
 Forty-eiglith Congress as a Republican; reelected 
 to the Fiftieth and Fift\-lirst Congre.-.-»'s ; died 
 October 1."), 1.8.S9. 
 
 Nye, James W., was born in Madi.son County, 
 N. Y., .Tune 10, 181.'); received a common school 
 education; stuilied law and practiced; held several 
 local otiices; defeateil as the Antislavery candiilati' 
 f<ir tlie Thirty-ninth Congress; moved to Syra- 
 cuse, N. Y'.; aiipoiuted governor of Nevaila Terri- 
 tory in 18(11; elected a I'liiteil States Senator from 
 Nevada as a Repnl)lican and reelected, serving 
 from December 4, 18(1.5, to March '.i, 187.S; a short 
 time after leaving the I'uited States Senati> his 
 rea.son became impaired, ami he died at White 
 Plains, N. Y'., D.iember 2."), 187(1. 
 
 Oakley, Thomas Jackson, was horn in Dntch- 
 e.ss County, N. Y., in 178:1; graduated froiii Y'ale 
 College in 1.H11; studied law and began practice at 
 Poughkeeiisie; surrogate of Dutchess Count v 
 1810-11; ele.ted a Re|)re.sentative from New Y'ork 
 to the Thirteenth Congress as a Feileralist; a mem- 
 ber of the State house of re|)resentatives 181(1, 
 1818-1820; attorney-general of New Y'ork State; 
 elected a Repre.-i'iitative fnim New Y'ork to the 
 Twentieth ( ongre.-s as a Clinton Democrat, but 
 resigned, after serving one year, to become judge 
 of the superior court of the State of New York, 
 which position he helil until 18:i(i; chief justice of 
 the sni)reme court of New Y'ork State 184t) until 
 be died at New York City, May 12, 18.'>7. 
 
 Oates, William C, of Aliheville, Ala., waslmrn 
 in Pike (now linllockl Coiintv, Ala., November 
 :'(), 1,8:>."); self-educateil; stiidiecl law; admitted to 
 the bar in i.8.")8; also to some extent engaged in 
 farming and milling business; entered the Confed- 
 erate army as captain of Company <i. Fifteenth 
 Alabama Infantrv. in .liily, 18(11 ; appointed col- 
 onel in the provisional army of tlu> Confederate 
 States for valor and skill displayed on the (ieM, 
 May 1, 18(i:i, and as-^igiu'd to the commaml of his 
 old regiment; the Forty-eighth Alabama Regiment 
 was also placed under his command; wounded 
 four times slightly ami twice severely, losing his 
 right arm in front of Richmond; a delegate to the 
 national Democratic convention helil in New Y'ork 
 in 18(>8 which nominated Sevmour for the I'resi- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 721 
 
 dency; member of the Alabama house of repre- 
 sentatives 1870-1872; uiisui'cesfful candidate for 
 the niiiiiination for governor in 1872; member of 
 the constitutional convention and chairman of its 
 judiciary connnittee in 1875; elected to the Forty- 
 seventh, Forty -eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, F"ifty- 
 first, F'ifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses as a 
 Uemocrat; elected governor of Alabama in 1894; 
 brigadier-general of volunteers in the Spanish war 
 and stationed at Camp Meade, Pa. ; resigned and 
 resumed the practice of law. 
 
 O'Brien, James, of New York, N. Y., was born 
 in Kings County, Ireland, March 13, 1841 ; I'eceived 
 a common school education ; elected alderman of 
 the city of Xew York in 1864 and reelected in 18ti6; 
 elected sheriff of thecitj'and county of Xew York 
 in 1867; elected State senator in 1871 as an Inde- 
 pendent Democrat; independent candidate for 
 mayor of the city of New York in 1873, but was 
 unsuccessful; elected to the Forty-sixth Congress 
 as an Anti-Tammany Democrat. 
 
 O'Brien, Jeremiah, was born at Machias, Me., 
 in 17ti8; received a limited education; farmer; 
 elected a Kepreseiitative from Maine to the Eight- 
 eenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses; de- 
 feated as a candidate for the Twenty-tirst Con- 
 gress; served six terms in the State legislature; 
 died at Boston, Mass., May 30, 1858. 
 
 O'Brien, William J., was born at Baltimore, 
 Md., May 28, 18.36; received a classical education; 
 studied law, and in 1858 began practice; held sev- 
 eral local offices; elected a Representative from 
 Maryland to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth 
 Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Ochiltree, Thomas P., was the first native 
 Te.xan ever elected to the Congress of the United 
 States: attended the i>ublic schools; volunteered 
 in his 15th year as a private in Capt. John (t. 
 Walker's company of Texan Rangers in the cam- 
 paign against the Apache and Comanche Indians 
 in 1854-55; editor of the Jeffersonian in 1860-61; 
 a delegate to the Charleston and Baltimore conven- 
 tions of 1860; served with distinction in the Con- 
 federate army I in the staffs Gen. Tom < ireen, Cien. 
 Dick Taylor, and CJeneral Sibley, and honorable 
 mention was made of his services under special 
 orders from Generals Longstreet, Taylor, Green, 
 and Sam. B. Maxey; after the cessation of hostili- 
 ties Colonel Ochiltree "accepted the situation" in 
 good faith, and was ajipointed United States mai'- 
 shal of Texas liy President (^rant; editor of the 
 Houston Daily Telesraph in 1866-67; the author 
 of several pamphlets on Texas and her resources; 
 appointed commissioner of emigration to I'Airope 
 for Texas, and in that capacity paid several visits 
 to the Continent; in the canvass of 1882 his Con- 
 gressional district embraced 37,600 square miles of 
 territory, containing 27 counties, reaching from 
 Galveston, on the Gulf, to Eagle Pass, on the Upper 
 Rio Grande; elected to the Forty-eighth Congress 
 as an Imlependent candidate; moved to New York 
 City; died at Hot Springs, Va., November 25, 1902. 
 
 O'Connor, M. P., was born at Beaufort, S. C, 
 Septeinl)er 29, 1831; educated at and graduated 
 from St. .lohu's College, Fordham, N. Y.'; by pro- 
 fessif)n a lawyer; served as a member of the' State 
 legislature of South Carolina for seven years, from 
 1858 to 1865, having been four times reelected; 
 elected to the Forty-sixth Congress as a Democrat, 
 and reelected to the Fortv-seventh Congress; died 
 April 26, 1881. 
 
 Odell, Benjamin B , jr., of Newburgh, N. Y.. 
 was burn at Nfwl)urgh, .January 14, 1854; educated 
 
 in the public schools, also at Bethany ( W. Va. ) 
 C'oUege and Columbia College, New York f'ity; 
 in a commercial career, principally in the ice busi- 
 ness and electric lighting; for ten years represented 
 the Seventeenth distiict on the Republican State 
 committee and chairman of the executive commit- 
 tee; elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a 
 Republican, and reelected to the Fifty-fifth Con- 
 gress; elected governor' of the State of New York 
 Novemlier, 1900, and reelected in 1902. 
 
 Odell, Moses P., was born at Tarrytown, N. Y., 
 Felirnary 24, 1818; received a liberal education; 
 merchant; served several years as entry clerk in 
 the New York custom-house and after securing 
 several promotions became public appraiser; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the Thirty- 
 seventh and Thirty-eighth Congresses as a Demo- 
 crat ; appointed navv agent at the city of New York 
 in 1865; died at Brooklyn, N. Y., June 13, 1866. 
 
 Odell, N. Holmes, was born near Tarrytown, 
 N. Y., October 10, 1828; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; engaged in boating on theNorthRiver; served 
 se\eral years in the State assembly; engaged in the 
 banking business at Tarrytown; elected three times 
 county treasurer of Westchester County; elected a 
 Representati\e from New York to the Forty-fourth 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 O'Donnell, James, of .lackson, Mich., was born 
 at Xorwalk, Conn., ]March 25, 1840; moved with 
 his parents to Michigan in 1848; enjoyed no edu- 
 cational advantages, but after commencing to learn 
 the printer's trade in 1856 made up this deficiency 
 by study after working hours; at (he breaking out 
 of the war enlisted as a private in the First ]\iichi- 
 gau Infantry, and served out his time, participat- 
 
 i ing in the first battle of Bull Run; elected recorder 
 
 ; of the city of Jackson for four terms, 1863-1866; 
 
 ( established the Jackson Daily Citizen in 1865; 
 Presidential elector in 1872, and was designated 
 by the State electoral college as messenger to con- 
 vey the vote of JMichigan to Washington; elected 
 
 ; mayor of Jackson in 1876 and reelected in 1877; 
 appointed in 1878 as aid-de-camp on the staff of 
 Governor C'rosswell, with the rank of colonel; 
 elected to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty-first, 
 and Fifty-second Cougi'esses as a Republican; 
 after leaving Congress he I'eturned to Jackson, 
 Mich., and devoted his time to the publication of 
 the Jackson Daily Citizen, a newspaper he estab- 
 lished in 1864. 
 
 O'Ferrall, Charles T., of Harrisonburg, Va., 
 
 was b(irn in Frederick County, Va., October 21, 
 1840; at tlie age of 15 he was appointed clerk pro 
 tempore of the circuit court of ilorgan County, \"a. , 
 to fill a vacancy occasioned by the death of his 
 father, and at the age of 17 elected clerk (jf the 
 county court of this county for six years; in May, 
 1861, enlisted in the cavalry service of the Confed- 
 erate States as a private; passed through all the 
 grades of sergeant to colonel, and at the surrender 
 of Lee was in command of all the Confederate cav- 
 alry in the Shenandoah Valley; several times 
 wounded — once through the lungs; soon after the 
 close of the war studied law at Washington Col- 
 lege, Lexington, ^'a. ; graduated and loi.-ate<l at 
 Harrisonburg; member of the general assembly of 
 Virginia 1871-1873; judge of the county court of 
 Rockingham County 1874-1880; Democratic State 
 canvasser 1880-1883; Democratic nominee for Con- 
 gress in the Seventh district in 1882, and according 
 to returns he received 11,941 votes against 12,146 
 votes for John Paul, the nominee of the Repub- 
 lican-Readjuster-('(ialition party; contested upon 
 the ground of fraud and illegal voting, and was 
 
 H. Dor. 458- 
 
 -46 
 
TUl' 
 
 t'l )NUKKSS1()N AL Ul KKCTI >K V, 
 
 •■eateil l>y the Fnrtv-eighth Congrt'ss May •'>. 1SH4; 
 reflfitcil'to Kdrty-iiiiilli. iMl'lii^tli, I'ifly-lil-st, Kifly- 
 pecoinl, 1111(1 ril'ly-tliiiil C'dii^'risMs: fU-ctcil jjov- 
 ernor of tlu' State ol Virginia Auirnst 17, ISii.'t, 
 cervin^r from .laiiiiary 1, l.SiM, to.lantiary 1, ISilS. 
 
 Ogden, Aaron, was Iwni at Kli/.alifthlown. 
 N. .1.. Ik'cfiiilHT :!. IT'iti; ^.'raitiiateil from Xas^iii 
 Hall ill 177:!; served in the Revolutionary Army; 
 stiulieil law ami ailiiiitteil to the liar; Presidential 
 eleetor in 1800; elected a I'liited States Senator 
 from New .lersev (viee James Seliiireinan, re- 
 8i};ned), servinj; from March :i, ISOl, to March ;i, 
 1803; governor of New Jersey in 1812; died at 
 Jerst'y City April 10, ls:!!l. 
 
 Ogden, David A., was a native of Morristown, 
 N. J.; receiveda limited education; stndie<l lawand 
 iK-pm ]>ractice at Ma<lrid, N. Y.; a memher of the 
 state house of representativi'S 1S14-1.">; elected a 
 Kepresentative from New York to the Kiftecnth 
 Con^iress: died at Montreal, Canada, JuneO, 1820. 
 
 Ogden, Henry W., of Renton, La., was born 
 at .\hinj:don. Va., Octoher 21, 18-12; educated in 
 the common schools, workin<; on his I'ather's farm 
 in sprinj; and summer and attendintr school in 
 winter; entere<l the ("onfedi-rate service and served 
 throng;!! the war in the trans-Mississippi Depart- 
 ment; first lieutenant of Company I), Si.xteenth 
 Missouri Infantry, and afterwards on the staff of 
 Brijradier-Cieiieral Lewis, Second Britiade, Parsons' 
 division of Mis.«ouri Infantry; iiaroled at Shreve- 
 port on the 8th of ,lune ISii.'r, remained in Louisi- 
 ana and ent;at;ed in a}.'i'i<-ullural pursuits; meudjer 
 of the constitutional convention in 18711 and of the 
 house of rejiresenlatives 18S0; reelected in 1884, 
 and was speaker of the house from 1884 to 1888; 
 elected to the Kifty-third Oonjrress as a Democrat 
 to (ill the vacancy caused by the appointment of 
 N. C. Blanchard to be I'nited States Senator; re- 
 elected to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-lifth Con- 
 gresses. 
 
 Ogle, Alexander (father of Charles Ogle and 
 cnindfatherof Andrew J. (Itrle), was born in Mary- 
 land, ,\nf.'ust 10, 17Hri; receiveci a liberal education; 
 moved to .Somerset, Pa.; member of the State 
 lejtislature of Pennsylvania 180(i-18l2; elected a 
 Repre.>'entative from Pennsylvania to the Fifteenth 
 Congress; died at Somerset, Pa., October 14, 1852. 
 
 Ogle, Andrew J., was born at Somerset, Pa., 
 in 1S22; received a liberal education; elected jiro- 
 thonotary of Somerset County in 184.'!; ele<ted a 
 Representative from I'ennsvlvania to tlw Tliirty- 
 lirst Congress as a Wbi^; cU-feated for reelection 
 to the Thirty-siecond Conirress; appointed charge 
 d'affaires to Denmark Jamiary 22, 1852, but died 
 a f<'W ilays later at Somerset, Pa. 
 
 Ogle, Charles, was born at Somerset, Pa., in 
 1708; received a liberal education; studied law ami 
 began praitiee at Somerset; elected a Bepreseiita- 
 tive from Pennsylvania to the Twenty-fifth and 
 Twenty-sixth Congressi-s as a Whig; reelected to 
 the Twenty-seventh Congress, but died, before he 
 took his seat, at Somerset, Pa., May 10. 1,841. 
 
 Oglesby, Richard J., was botn in Oldham 
 County, Ky.,.luly 2-"), 1824; moved with his parent,* 
 in 18;!tj to Decatur, III.; receiveil a limited educa- 
 tion; carpenter; studied lawand in 1S4.'S admitted 
 to practice; wrve<l in tin' Mexican war; spent two 
 years mining in California; returned to Illinois; 
 elected a State senator in I8li0 ami served one 
 Wiision, when he resigneil to enter the t'nion .\rmy 
 as colonel; appointed brigadier-general, and in 18()3 
 major-general, resigning in 1804; elected govenior 
 
 of Illinois 1.8r>4-18(«1; again elected in 1872, hut 
 resigned ,lamiary bi l.s7:!, having iM'eii elected a 
 I'liilcd States Senator from Illinois, and served 
 until March 3, 1879; dieil at Elkhart, III., April 24, 
 
 18011. 
 
 O'Grady, James M. E., of Uochester. N. Y.; 
 was born at Kochester, N. Y., March .'!l, 18(i:{; 
 educated in the Kochester schools; graduated from 
 the Iniversity of Rochester 188.T; a<liiiitted as a 
 lawyer in the fall of 18,s,t; school commissioner of 
 the city of Rochester from l.'<87 to 1802; member 
 of the New York State a.s.-^enibly from the si'cond 
 Monroe district 180;{-1898, and speaker of the 
 New York State a.'^senibly in 1807-08; elected to 
 the Fifty-sixth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 O'Hara, James E., of Enlield. N. C., was born 
 at .New York City February 2l), 1844; re<-eive<l an 
 acaileiiiic education; stuilied law j>artly in North 
 Carolina and (larliy at Howard I'nivei-sity; ad- 
 mitted to the bar of North Carolina in June, 1871; 
 j engrossing clerk to the ciuistitutional convention 
 of North Carolina in 1868; also to the legislature 
 of I,si),s-t>!t; member of the State constitutional 
 convention of 187o; chairman of the board of 
 commi.ssioners for the countyof Halifax 1872-1876; 
 elected to the Forty-sixth Congre.-is, but the cer- 
 tificate of election was given to W. II. Kiteliin, 
 Democrat; elected almost without opposition to 
 the Fortv-eiglith Congress as a Republican, and 
 reelecte({ to the Forty-ninth Congre.ss. 
 
 Ohliger, Lewis P., of Wooster, Ohio, was 
 born at blieinpfalz. liavaria, January S, 184.'!; em- 
 igrated to America October, l,S.i4, and located at 
 Canton, Ohio, in 1,S,")7; moved to Wooster. Ohio, 
 and engagi'd in the wholesale drug and grocery 
 business; elected county treasurer in 187t and re- 
 elected in 1877; Democratic Presidential elector 
 in 1.884; appointed postmaster of Wooster in No- 
 vember, 188.5, and served until February, 1890; 
 appointed by,Iudgcs Dowellaiid Nicholas a trustee 
 of the Woosteraiid l.odi Railway; delegate to the 
 Democratic national convention in b'<02; elected 
 to the Fifty-second Congress as a Democrat to fill 
 the vacancy caused by the death of ,Iohii ti. War- 
 wick; took his seat Decemlier 5, 1802; internal 
 revenue collector of the Cleveland, Ohio, district 
 
 I80.S-I.S1I8. 
 
 Olcott. Simeon, was born in Connecticut Octo- 
 ber 1, 17;!.">; grailuated from Yale College in 17H1; 
 studied law, and began practice at Charlestown, 
 N. II.; appointed chief justice of the court of com- 
 mon pleas in 1784; appointeil judge of the superior 
 court in 1700, ami in 171'i chief judge of the su|>e- 
 rior court; elected a I'liited States Senator from 
 New Hampshire (viie Samuel Livermore, resigned) 
 as a Federalist, serving from December 7, 1801. to 
 March .!, I.sii.t; died at Charlestown, N. II.. Feb- 
 ruary 22. 181."i. 
 
 Olds, Edson B., was a native of Vermont, 
 
 receiveil a liln-ral education; studied and practiced 
 
 medicine; serveil several years as a member of the 
 
 I State house of representatives; elected a Repn-- 
 
 I sentative from Ohio to the Thirty-first Congress 
 
 I as a Democrat; reelectiil to the Thirty-second and 
 
 Thirty-third Congn's.ses; defeatt'<l for reele<-tion to 
 
 theTiiirty-fourth Congress; aiTested for disloyalty 
 
 ' and imprisoned m Fi>rt Ijifayettein l.Hl>2; while in 
 
 prison was elected a meml>er of the (>hio .*^tate 
 
 house of representatives; died at Lani'aster, Ohio, 
 
 January 24, 1869. 
 
 Olin, Abram B., was born at Shaftsbury. Vt., 
 in 1808; graduated from Williams College. .Ma'sa- 
 chiisi'tts, in IKib; studied law, ami in 1S38 began 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 723 
 
 practice at Troy, N. Y. ; held several local offices; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Thirty-til'th, 'Thirty-sixth, and Thirty-seventh 
 Congresses as a Republican; a judge of the 
 supreme court of the District of Columbia 1865- 
 1878; died at AVashington, D. C, July 7, 1879. 
 
 Olin, Gideon, was born in Rhcide Island about 
 1750; moved to Vermont; received a limited educa- 
 tion; studied and practiced law; for several terms 
 a member of the State house of representatives and 
 one term as speaker; judge of the Bennington 
 County court; elected a Representative from Ver- 
 mont to the Eighth and Ninth Congresses; died at 
 Shaftsbury, Vt., August 6, 1822. 
 
 Olin, Henry, was horn in Rhode Island in 
 1767; receiveii a limited education; studied law 
 and practiced; a member of the State house of 
 representatives for several terms; delegate to the 
 State constitutional conventions of 1814, 1822, and 
 1828; associate judge of the Addison County court 
 1801-1806 and 1810-1824; elected a Representative 
 from Vermont to the Eighteenth Congress (vice 
 Charles Rich, deceased ), serving from December 
 13, 1824, to March 3, 1825; died ai Salisbury, Vt., 
 in 1837. 
 
 Oliver, Addison, was born in Washington 
 Count>-, Pa., in 18o3; graduated from Washington 
 College in 18.50; moved to Arkansas, where he 
 taught school: returned to Pennsylvania; studied 
 law and admitted to the liar; began jiractice in 
 1857 in western Iowa; a member of the Iowa State 
 house of representatives in 1863 and the State sen- 
 ate in 1865; elected judge of the fourth judicial 
 circuit in 1868 and twice reelected; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Iowa to the Forty-fourth and 
 Forty-fifth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Oliver, Andrew, was a native of Springfield, 
 N. Y.; graduated from Union College in 1835; 
 studied law, and in 1838 began practice at Penn 
 Yan; judge of the court of common pleas 1843- 
 1847; elected judge of the surrogate and county 
 courts in 1846; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; defeated as the American 
 candidate for reelection to the Thirty-fifth Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Oliver, Mordecai, was born in Ajiderson 
 County, Ky., October 22, 1819: received a 
 common school education; studied law, and in 
 1842 began practice at Richmond, iMo. ; circuit 
 attorney for the fifth judicial circuit of Missouri 
 in 1848; elected a Representative from Missouri to 
 the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses as 
 a Whig. 
 
 Oliver, William M., was a native of Spring- 
 field, N. Y.; received a limited education; studied 
 law and Ijegan practice at Penn Yan; appointed 
 first judge of tlie court of common pleas for Yates 
 County in 1823, and reappointed in 1838; State 
 senator and lieutenant-governor in 1830; elected 
 a Representatixe from New York to the Twenty- 
 seventh Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Olmsted, Marlin Edgar, of Harrisburg, Pa., 
 was born in Ulysses Township, Potter County, Pa. ; 
 educated in common schools and at Coudersport 
 Academy; at an early age appointed assistant cor- 
 poration clerk by Auditor-General (afterwards 
 Governor) Ilartranft; one year later promoted to 
 corporation clerk, in charge of collection of taxes 
 from corporations mider Pennsylvania's peculiar 
 revenue system; continued in same position by 
 Harrison Allen, auditor-general; read law at Har- 
 
 risburg; admitted to the bar of Dauphin County 
 November 25, 1878 ; to the bar of the supreme court 
 of Pennsylvania May 16, 1881, and to the bar of 
 the Supreme Court of the United States November 
 12, 1884; elected to represent Dauphin County in 
 the proposed constitutional convention in 1891; 
 elected to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, 
 and Fiftx'-eighth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 O'Neall. John H. , of Washington, Ind., was 
 l)orn near Newberry, S. C, October 30, 1838; left 
 an orphan at the age of 8 years; worked on a 
 farm till he was 21 years of age, attending the 
 country schools two and three months during the 
 winters; entered the Indiana State University in 
 1859, graduating therefrom in 1862; read law and 
 was admitted to the bar; graduated from the law 
 department of the Michigan University in 1864; 
 located in Washington the same year; repi-esented 
 Daviess County in the State legislature in 1866; 
 appointed [jrosecuting attorney for the eleventh 
 judicial circuit in 1873; elected to the same office 
 in 1874, but resigned before his term was out; 
 elected to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses 
 as a Democrat; resumed the practice of law at 
 Washington, Ind. 
 
 O'Neil, Joseph H. , of Boston, Mass., was born 
 at Fall River, ilass., JIarch 23, 1853; i-eceived a 
 common school education; member of the Boston 
 school comnuttee in 1875; member of the Massa- 
 chusetts house of re])resentatives 1878-1882 and 
 1884; member of the board of directors for public 
 institutions for five years, the last eighteen months 
 being chairman of the board: citv (.'lerk of Boston 
 in 1887 and 1888; elected to ti.e Fifty-first, Fifty- 
 second, and Fifty-third Congresses as a Democrat; 
 ap]iointed assistant treasurer of the Uniteii States 
 at Boston by President Cleveland; president of the 
 Federal Trust Company of Boston. 
 
 O'Neill, Charles, was born at Philadelphia 
 March 21, 1821: graduated from Dickinson Col- 
 lege; studied and practiced law; a member of the 
 house of representatives of Pennsylvania in 1850- 
 1852 and 1860; member of the State senate of 
 Pennsylvania in 1 853; elected to the Thirty-eighth, 
 Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, Forty-first, Forty-third, 
 Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-sev- 
 enth, Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty- 
 first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses as a 
 Republican; died at Philadelphia, Pa., November 
 25. '1893. 
 
 O'Neill, John, was born at Philadelphia, Pa., 
 Decembei' 17, 1821; graduated from St. .Tohn's 
 College, Maryland; studied law, and in 1S42 liegan 
 practice; moved to Muskingum County, Oliio, in 
 1844; elected prosecuting attorney for ]\Iuskin- 
 gum County in 1845; held various county fiffices; 
 elected a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty- 
 eighth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 O'Neill, John J., was born ,Iune 25, 1846, of 
 Irish parents; received acommonsehool education; 
 in tlie ttovernment civil service during the war, 
 and afterwards engaged in manufacturing pursuits; 
 elected to the State legislature from St. Louis in 
 1872, and reelected in 1874 and 1876; elected to 
 the municipal assembly of St. Louis in 1879 and 
 reelected in 1881; elected to the Forty-eighth, 
 Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-second Congresses 
 as a Democrat; Democratic nominee for the Fifty- 
 third Congress; according to the returns he re- 
 ceived 14,902 votes against 14,969 votes for Joy, 
 Republican, 241 votes for FoHett, Populist, and 147 
 votes for Garrison, Prohibitionist; contested on 
 the ground of fraud anil illegal voting and was 
 
CONOKKSSIONAL DIKKCTOKY, 
 
 soutt^l Ajiril :{, ISIM; ri'sunu'il practii-i- of law iiflcr 
 loiiviii); C'nnirri'tw; iliol in IS!»K, 
 
 O'Reilly. Daniel, of Hrooklvn, N. Y., wiu-'lmni 
 at the lity nl l.iiin'iic-k, In-lainl, .liiiii- :!, IHSS; re- 
 ffivi'il an arailrniif t'diical'mii: arrivi'il in tliis 
 country willi his jjarcntH in July, ISoti; settled in 
 Brooklyn, N. Y.: fullnweil the Imsiness of city 
 weigher; <'lecte<l. as an liiile|iendent lUinoerat, ji 
 member of the Ilrooklyii lioanl of aMernieii for the 
 vears lS7:{-74; reelected, as a re^'ular lieinociiii, 
 {or 187."), n one-year term; apiin eU'cted alderman 
 for 187S-7SI as an lndei)endent I)eiiici(rat; elected 
 to the Forty-sixth Conjiress. 
 
 Ormsby, Stephen, waslioin in Vir>;inia in 17l>">; 
 received a classical edncation; sliulieil law and be- 
 jjan i)r.ictice in Ki'ntncky: juilire of the circuit 
 court; elected a Representative from Kentucky to 
 the Twolftli Congress: ilefeated for reelei-tion to 
 the ThirttH'Uth Contiress by ,Iohn .'^iiii|ison, who 
 was soon afterwards killed; elected to the Thir- 
 teenth Coiifiress; reeleited to the Kourteeiitli Con- 
 firess; ilied at Louisville, Ky., Sei)tend)er (>, lS4t). 
 
 Orr, Alexander D. , was born at Alexandria, 
 Va., in 17i>5; moved to Mason County, Ky.; re- 
 ceiveil a limited education; serve<l as a member of 
 the State house of representatives in 17!'2; elected 
 a Ri'i)resentative from Kentucky to the Seconil, 
 Thini, anil Fourth ConLiresses; died at I'aris, Ky., 
 ,Imie 21, 1,h:«. 
 
 Orr, Benjamin, was born at lieilford, N. II., 
 Decendier 1. 177.; irrailuateil from Ilartmouth Col- 
 lege in 17i>S; studied law and in ISOl beiran prai- 
 tice at Topsham, Mi'.; moved to Brunswick: 
 elected a Kepre.sentative from ^lassachnsetts to 
 the Fifteenth Conj;ress; died at Brunswick, Me., 
 .September 5, 1,S2,H. 
 
 Orr, Jackson, was born at Fayette, CHiio, Sep- 
 tenilier'.'l. ls:;j; received a liberal education; mer- 
 chant; moved to Iowa and served as captain in 
 the Tentii Iowa Infantry in the Union Army: 
 member of the Iowa State legislature in IStiS; 
 elected a Kepresentativi' from Iowa to the Forty- 
 second and Forty-third Con);res.ses as a Republican. 
 
 Orr, James L. . wa.s l>orn at Clavfonville, S. C, 
 Mav IL', 1S22; received a cla.ssical education; 
 stmlied law and in 1S4.'! be<ran practice at Ander- 
 son, S. ('.; etiKaijed in newspaper work; member 
 of the State house of representatives in 1S44; 
 elected a Representative from South Carolina to 
 thcThirty-lirst, Thirty-second, Thirty-third, Thir- 
 ty-fourth, and Thirty-tifth ('on<;res.ses as a nemo- 
 crat; serve<l in the Conft'derate Conjrress; electeil 
 governor of South Carolina as a Republican; 
 I'nited States circuit judiie; delepite to the Re- 
 publican national convention at IMiilailelphia in 
 IS(>4; minister to Russia; died at St. I'etersliun:, 
 May tJ, 1S7;!. 
 
 Orr. Robert, was Ixirn in Westmoreland 
 County, I'a., in 17.^."); received a imblic school 
 iilucation; serveil in the war of 1,S12; served two 
 terms as a mendn'r of the .state house of repre- 
 sentatives; electeil a Hepresentative from Penn- 
 sylvania to the Nineteentli an<l Twentieth Con- 
 trres-oes as a hemm'nit; dieil at Kittamdni;, I'a., 
 May L>!i. Is7ii. 
 
 Orth, Godlove S., was Ixirn near l^'banon, 
 I'a., April 22, 1.S17; etlucated at (iettysbur>; Col- 
 lege, I'emisylvania; studiisl law ami commenced 
 to ])ractice in Indiana; member of the State 
 senati' of Indiana in IS4.>-I.S4S, serving one year 
 as presitlent of that InMly; I'residenlial elector 
 in 1.S4H; member of the peace conference in 18(11; 
 
 serveil as captain ol a company of volimteers dur- 
 ini; tlie sup)>ression of the rebellion; elected to 
 the Thirlv-eiL'hth, Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, Forty- 
 lirst, ami Forty-third Coiiirresses; upon the 
 ailjonrnment of tlie Forty-third Congress wa« 
 appointed minister to Vienna; elected to the Forty- 
 sixth and Fortv-seventh Conirresses as a Republi- 
 can: died at l-'afayette. Ind., December Hi, 1.882. 
 
 Osborn, Thomas W., was born at Scotch 
 Plains, N. .1., March 9, IKW: moved with his 
 parents to New York in 1842, and liK'ate<l at 
 Wilna; received a classical education; studied and 
 prsicticed law; entered the I'nion Army as captain 
 ni 1.81)1: served until the close of the war, attain- 
 inj: the rank of colonel: located in Florida, and 
 resumed the ]iraitice of law; held several local 
 oflices; moved to Pensacola; elected I'nited States 
 Senator from Florida as a Republican, serving 
 from .June .'», 18t>8. to March .S, 187.S. 
 
 Osborne, Edwin S., of Wilkesbarre, Pa., wafl 
 Imrn at Bethany. Pa., .\ugust 7, is:!ll; educatiKl at 
 the I'niversity of Northern Pennsylvania anil at 
 I the New York State and National Ijiw School, 
 graduating in the cla-ss of 181)0 with the degree of 
 l,K. B.: by profe.s.sion a lawyer; served in the 
 rnion Army during the war; held the rank of 
 I major-general, and was commanderof theDepart- 
 [ ment of Pennsylvania. Orand Army of the Repub- 
 lic, in 1.8.8;?; elected to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, 
 and Fifty-first Congresses, as a Republican. 
 
 Osborne. John E., of Rawlins. Wyo., was 
 born at Westpovt. Kssex County, N. Y., ,Iune 9, 
 Is.'iS; .jraduatid from the high school of his native 
 town at the age of 18 years, after which he iH'gjm 
 the study of medicine, and graduated from the 
 I I'niversity of Vermont in the cla.ss of 1880; 
 moved to Rawlins, Wyo., immediately there- 
 after, and eng-aged in the practice of his |>rofes- 
 sion; later engaged extensively in raising live .stock 
 I upon the ojien range; electeil in 1.8.s:< to the Wyo- 
 ' ming Territorial legislature: appointed in 18.88 by 
 Governor Moonligjit to the position of chairmaiv 
 of the Territorial penitentiary building commis- 
 sion; the same year electt^l mayor of the city of 
 R4>wlins; .-electeil as an alternate to the Democratic 
 national convention in 1.892, and at the November 
 election of the .same year was elected governor of 
 Wyoming; renoniinateil by his j)arty for a second 
 term, but declined the honor; chosen a member of 
 the bimetallic Democratic national committee for 
 tlie State of Wyoming in 189.1; chairman of the 
 Wvondng delegation to the national convention at 
 Chicago in 1.89t); electeil to the Fifty-lifty Congress 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Osborne. Thomas B.. was born at Fairfield, 
 Conn., in 1797: graduated from Yale College in 
 1817; studied law and began jiractice at Fairlield. 
 Conn.; held several local otliivs: elected a Repre- 
 sentative from ConiUHticut to the Twenty-sixth 
 and Twenty-seventh t'ongres-ses a.s a Whig; 
 movtil to New Haven in 1.848, and l)e<-ame profesvsor 
 in the Yale 1-awSchool; diedat New Haven, Conn., 
 Septemln-r 2, 1.869. 
 
 Osgood. Gayton Pickman, was born at .Silem. 
 Mass., ,Iuly 4. 1797: graduatiil from llarvanl Col- 
 lege in 1.81."); stuilit.il law and U^g-an practice in 
 .Salem; moviil to Ni.>rth .\ndover in 1819; niem- 
 iH-r of the State house of repre.sentatives 182!l- 
 I8:U; eliiled a Representative from Ma.s,s:u-h.usett,s 
 to thcTwenlv-thiril Congress its a Democrat; diiil 
 at .\ndover, Nhuss., .Tunc 2ti. 18td. 
 
 Osgood. Samuel, was l>i>rn at .\ndover. Ma.«s., 
 Februarv 14. 1748; graduateil from llarvanl Col- 
 
BIOGKAPHIES. 
 
 725 
 
 lege in 1770; studied theology; niercliant; served 
 several years as a member of the State house of 
 representatives; member of the provincial con- 
 gress; entered the Revolutionary Army as captain 
 and left the service as colonel and assistant quarter- 
 master; Delegate from Jlassachusetts to the Con- 
 tinentiil Congress; first commissioner of the United 
 States Treasury 1785-1789; Postmaster-General 
 1789-1791; moved to New York City; member of 
 the State house of reiiresentatives 1800-1802; super- 
 visor of Xew York 1801-1803; naval officer at the 
 port of New Y'ork, where he died August 12, 
 1813. 
 
 Osmer, J. H. , was born in England, January 
 22, 1833; emigrated to America with his parents 
 when a small boy and located at Harrisburg, I'a. ; 
 moved to Center County, Pa., a few years later; 
 received a limited education; worked on a farm; 
 taught school and eventualh' received an aca- 
 ilemic education; began the study of law in 185H, 
 and in 1858 admitted to the bar and began prac- 
 ticing at Elmira; moved to Franklin C'ounty in 
 1865; elected to the Forty-sixth Cougress as a Re- 
 publican; delegate to the Repulilican national 
 convention in 1870, but a severe illness prevented 
 him from attending; after the expiration of his 
 term in Congress he resumed the practice of law. 
 
 Otero, Mariano S., of New Mexico, was born 
 at Peralta, Valencia County, N. Mex., August 29, 
 1844; educated at the University of St. Louis, Mo.; 
 engaged in commercial jiursuits and stock raising; 
 probate judge from 1871 to 1879; nominated by 
 the Democratic convention as Delegate to the 
 Forty-fourth Congress, but declined; elected to 
 the Forty-sixth ( 'ongre.-is as a Republican. 
 
 Otero, Miguel A., was born at Valencia, N. 
 Mex., June 21, 1829; graduated from St. Louis 
 University, Missouri; studied law, and in 1852 
 began practice at All iuquer(|Ue, N. Mex.; a mem- 
 ber of tlie Territorial house of rei^resentatives; 
 declined the appointment of district attorney for 
 New Mexico; attorney-general for the Territory; 
 elected a Delegate irom New ]Mexii'o Territorv to 
 the Thirty-fourth, Thirty-tifth, and Thirty-sixth 
 Congresses. 
 
 Otey, Peter J., was born at Lynchburg, Va., 
 
 December 22, 1840; educated at the Virginia Mili- 
 tary Institute and graduated July 1, 1800; while 
 a cadet he participated in the defense of Virginia 
 in the John Brown raid; on graduating he entered 
 the profession of engineering on the Virginia 
 and Kentucky Railroad; in April, 1861, he joined 
 the Confederate army and participated in the 
 Western campaign culminating at Fort Donelson 
 and Shiloli; returned with his connnaml and was 
 with the Army of Northern \'irginiaand remained 
 in the infantry until the close of the war; organ- 
 ized and built the Lynchburg and Durham Rail- 
 road; elected to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty- 
 sixth, and Fift\- -seventh Congresses as a Democrat; 
 died May 4, 1902, at Lynchburg, Va. 
 
 Otis, Harrison Gray, was born at Boston, 
 I\Iass., October 8, 1765; graduated from Harvard 
 College in 1783; studied law, and in 1786 was ad- 
 mitted to the bar an<l began practice at Boston; 
 served sexcral >ears as a member of the State 
 house of representatives and three years as speaker; 
 was State senator 1805-1811 and served as its pres- 
 ident; elected a Representative from Massachusetts 
 to the Fifth and Sixth Congresses as a Federalist; 
 district attorney for Massachusetts; judge of the 
 court of connnon pleas 1814-1818; elected a Cnited 
 States Senator as a Federalist, serving from 1817 1 
 
 to 1822, when he resigned; defeated as the Federal 
 candidate for governor of Massachusetts in 1823; 
 mavor of Boston 1829-1832; died at Boston, Mass., 
 October 28, 1848. 
 
 Otis, John, was born in Maine in 1801; gradu- 
 ated from Bowdoin College in 1823; studii^l law 
 and began jirat'tice at Ilallowell; served several 
 years iu both branches of the State legislature; 
 elected a Representati\e from Maine to the Thirty- 
 first Congress as a Whig; died at Hallowell, Me., 
 October 17, 1856. 
 
 Otis, John Grant, of Topeka, Kans., was b<3rn 
 on a farm at Danby, Rutland County, Vt., Febru- 
 ary 10, 183S; took an academic course at Burr 
 Senunary, Manchester, Vt. ; attended one year at 
 "Williams College, Massachusetts, and one year at 
 Har\ard Law School; admitted to the liar of Rut- 
 land County, Vt., in the spring of 18.i9; moved to 
 Kansas in May same year and located at Topeka; 
 took an active part iti recruiting the first coloreil 
 regiment of Kansas in 1862; member of infantry 
 com|)any in Second Regiment of X'olunteers at 
 time of Price raid; engaged in the dairy business 
 near Topeka; was a member of the Grange; mem- 
 ber of the Farmers' Alliance and Industrial Union; 
 State agent of the Grange from 1873 to 1875, and 
 the State lecturer from 1889 to 1891; elected to the 
 Fifty-second Congress as a People's Party candi- 
 date. 
 
 Otis, Samuel Allyne (father of Harrison Graj- 
 Otis), was born at Barnstable, Mass., November 
 24, 1740; graduated from Harvard College in 1759; 
 merchant in Boston; State representative in 1776; 
 member of the Massachusetts constitutional con- 
 vention; took an active jiart in Revolutionary 
 affairs; Delegate from ^Massachusetts to the Con- 
 tinental Congress 1787-88; for thirty years Secre- 
 tary of the United States Senate, and "died, while 
 holding that position, at Washington, D. C, Aiiril 
 22, 1814. 
 
 Otjen, Theobold, of ^lilwaukee, Wis., was born 
 at West China, St. Clair Cdunty, Jlich., October 27, 
 1851; educated at the Marine" City (Mich.) Acad- 
 emy and at a jirivate school in Detroit; employed 
 asiorcinanin the mlling mill of the Milwaukee 
 Iron C(im]iaiiy at Milwaukee from 1870 to the fall 
 of 1872; entcivd the law department of the Uni- 
 versity of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, in (Ictober, 
 1873; graduated JIarch 25, 1,S75, and admitted to 
 the bar at Ann Arbor; practiced law in Detroit 
 until the fall of 1883, when he moved to Jlilwau- 
 kee and engaged in the practice of law and in the 
 real estate business; elected a member of the com- 
 mon council of the city of Milwaukee in April, 
 1887; reelected fur three successive terms, serving 
 .seven years in all; trustee of the Milwaukee i)ublic 
 library from 1887 to 1891, and a trustee of the 
 Milwaukee public museum from 1S91 to 1894; 
 candidate for comptroller of the dtv of JNIilwaukee 
 in April, 1892, but defeated; electe"d to the Fifty- 
 fourth,^ Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and 
 Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Oury, Granville H., of Florence, Ariz., was 
 born at Abingdon, Va., ^Larch 12, 1825; emigrated 
 to Missouri in 1836; commenced the study of law 
 in 1846, and admitted to the bar at Bowling 
 Green in 1848; moved to Texas the same year, 
 anil in 1849 emigrated to California, where for 
 sonie years was engaged in mining; took up his 
 residence in Arizona in 1856; commenced the prac- 
 tice of law in 1865; elected to the Territorial legis- 
 lature in 1866, 1873, and 1875; elected speaker of 
 the house the first two sessions; elected to the 
 
CONHJ4KSSI()NAL UIKKCTORY. 
 
 F(irty-sevcnfh ami r<irty-('i);htli ('iiiijrrcjises us ii 
 hciiincnil. 
 
 Outhwaite, Joseph H., cil (.iDliiinlms, (lliio, was 
 liuiii i]i (liMlaii.l, i>\i\i\ llf.vmliiT 5, 1841; imIh- 
 calj'il ill llu- piililic scliools of Zaiii'svillf, Oliin, 
 laii^lit two years in tin- liiy:li .-iliool of tlial city; 
 |>riii('i|tal of a ).'raiijMiar siliool in C'oliiiiilnis, ( )lii(i, 
 thife yi-ai-s; read law while teaeliiii};, ami ailiiiil- 
 tecl to the har in 18lili; piaetieeil law from ISliT to 
 1S71 at Osceola, Mo.; eleeted prosecutiii'; attorney 
 of Franklin County, Ohio, in 1X7-1, and sijiain in 
 1K7(>; a|i|iointed one of the trustees of the County 
 Children's Home from March, lS7it, initil .luly, 
 ISS.'i, and one of the trustees of the sinkin;; fuucl 
 of the city of Columlius in ISSo; reaiipoiutecl in 
 18S4 for a term of live years; eleeted to thi> I'oity- 
 iiintli Coiifiress as a Oemoerat; reelected to the 
 Fiftieth, Filty-lii-st, Fifty-.-econd, and Fifty-third 
 Coiiftresses; appointed a nieniher of the eoniniis- 
 sion to codify the laws of the I'nited States. 
 
 Outlaw, David, was a native of Hertie County, 
 X. ('.; firadnated from the North Carolina I'ni- 
 versity in 1824; studic'd law and be<;an practice at 
 Windsor, X. C ; served three years as a niemher 
 of the State house of reixesentatives; held sev- 
 eral local ortiees; elected a Heiire.-'entative from 
 North Carolina to the Thirtieth, Thirty-lirst, and 
 Thirty-second Con):re.<ses as a \Vhi>j;; defeated for 
 the Thirty-third Coiijjress. 
 
 Outlaw, George, wa.s a native of Bertie County, 
 N. v.- received a liheral education; studied and 
 practiced law; elected a niemher of the liouse of 
 commons; memlier of the .^tate Icfjislature in 
 17i)(>-!t7, and of the senate ISd'.', ISdtl- ISIIS, 1810- 
 1814, 1817, 1821, and 1822; elected a Keiiresent- 
 ative from North Carolina to the Kifihtcentli 
 Congress (vice H.G.Benton, re.sijined ) serving 
 from .Tanuarv 19, 1825, to March :{, 1825; died 
 Aufiust ]."), 18:55. 
 
 Overstreet, James, was a native ot Barnwell 
 I )islrict, .s. C'. ; recinveil a lilieral education; studied 
 and practiced law; lipid .several loc-al oflices; 
 elected a Kepresentative from South Carolina to 
 the Sixteenth and Seventeenth ('c)ni;res.«e.s; while 
 returning; home from Washiii'.'toii, I). ('., accom- 
 panied liy his wife, he was taken ill on the road 
 near Salishurv, X. C, and died in a few hours, 
 .\pril 24, 1822. 
 
 Overstreet, Jesse, of Indianapolis, Ind.,was 
 liorn in Franklin, Ind., Decemher 14, ls.^il; re- 
 ceived a common school and colleiriate education, 
 {traduatiiif; from the Franklin Ilifih School in 1877, 
 and frfiiii Franklin Collejje, with the deforce of 
 A. B., in 18S2; received from his alma mater the 
 dcftree of A. M. in ls,S.'i; studied law under the 
 direction of liis father, (1. M. Overstreet, and his 
 ]>artner, A. B. Hunter, and in 1S8(1 was admitted 
 to the har and enterc'd the law lirm of ( >vcTstreet 
 i^c Hunter, at Franklin; upon the cleatli of Mr. 
 Hunter, .Vn^ust, IStll. he liecame full ))artiic>r w ilh 
 his lather in the law lirm of Overstreet iS: Over- 
 street; served as memlier of the Kepiililican State 
 central committee of Indiana in the campaign of 
 1892; elccti-d to thc> Fifty-fourth, Fifty-tilth, Fifty- 
 sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses 
 as a Hepulilican. 
 
 Overton, Edward, jr., of Towanda, Pa., was 
 born at Towanda, I'a., Fehruary 4, \KW: gradu- 
 ali-"! from Princeton College, New .Jersey, in 18,5H; 
 atlniittcd to the bar in May, 18.'i8; entered the 
 I'nion Army in SeptemlK'r, l.Stil, as major of the 
 Fiftieth Kegiment of Pennsylvania Volunteei-s; 
 promoted to lieutenant-colonel in 18(>3, and from 
 
 that tiniec-onimandecl the regiment until niustere<l 
 out < Ictolier, lstj4; served as register in liaiikrnptcv 
 from ISt>7 until elected, in ls7li, to the Forty-liftd 
 Congress; reelected to the Forty-sixth Congress 
 as ;' Hepuiilican. 
 
 Overton. Walter H., was iRirn in Tennessee in 
 I78.'i; receivecl a i)u1ilic school education; entered 
 the Army Mav .S, ISO.S, as lli>t lieutc'iiant of infan- 
 try; pronioted Fehruary 21, 1SI4, to be major of 
 the 1 bird liiHes, and brcvetted licutenant-colone!; 
 resigned October ;51, 1815; located in Ijiuisianaaiui 
 liecame a planter; elected a Kepresentative from 
 Louisiana to the Tweiity-lirst Congrivsas a Demo- 
 crat: died near Alexandria, l,a., .January 4, 184(5. 
 
 Owen, Allen F., was a native of North Caro- 
 lina; moved to Talbotton, ( la. ; received a common 
 .-^cliool education; lieldsevend local offices; elected 
 a Kepresentative from ( ieorgia to the Thirty-fir.-'t 
 Congress as a Wliig; consul-general to llabana. 
 
 Owen, Georg-e W., was born in Brunswick 
 County, Va., in i7'.l8; received a liberal education; 
 moved to Mobile, Ala., and was mayor; elected a 
 Kepresentative from .\labama to the Kighteenth, 
 Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congres.ses; collector 
 of the port of .Mobile in 1829; died at Mobile, Ala., 
 August 18, ]KW. 
 
 Owen, James, was born in Bladen County, 
 X. C., December 7, 1784; received a liniitc<<l edu- 
 cation; planter; member of the Stale house of 
 representatives 1808-1811; elec'tcd a Kepresenta- 
 tive from North Carolina to the Fifti-enth Con- 
 gress a.s a Democrat; died at Wilmington, X. C, 
 Sc'iiteniber 4. 18K5. 
 
 Owen, Robert Dale, was liorn at (da.«gow, 
 Sc'otland, Xovember 9, 1801; received a classical 
 education; came to this country with his jiarents 
 in 182:! and located at Xew Harmony, Ind., and 
 aicled in the c'stablishment of a social community; 
 was editor of the Free Knc|uirer. |>ublislied at 
 Xew York 1828-18:51 ; returned to Xew Harmony in 
 18:i2; a niemlx'r of tlie State house of repre.<eiita- 
 tives ]8:{.'i-18.S8; electtnl a Kepre.-icntative from 
 Indiana to the Twenty-eighth Congre.<s as a 
 Democrat; reelected tot he Twc>nty-nintli Congress; 
 defecated for reelection to the Thirtieth Coiigre.«s; 
 appointed charge' d'affaires at Xaples in l,S.5.'{, ami 
 minister 1 8.5.5-1 ,8.58; l)ecame a spiritualist and lost 
 his rea.son; died at his summer home on Lake 
 (ieorge. June 25, 1877. 
 
 Owen, 'William D., of Logansport, Ind., was 
 iHirn at Blooniington, Ind., .'^epteniber ti, 1,840; 
 minister of the Christian Church; elected to the 
 Forty-ninth Congress as a Kepiibliean; icvlecttHl 
 to the Fiftieth and Fifty-tirst Congresses; elected 
 secretary of state on Reiml)lican ticket 1.894. 
 
 Owens, George 'W., was a native of (ieorgia; 
 received a lilnral education; studied law and lie- 
 g!Ui iiractice at Savannah; ekH'ted a Kepresenta- 
 tive from (ieorgia to the Twciity-fourth and 
 Twenty-fifth Congres-'es as a rnionist: died at 
 .^avannah in l,8.5(i. 
 
 Owens, James 'W. , of Xcwark, Ohio, was Imrn 
 ill .'^priiiglield Township, Franklin County, Ind., 
 October 24, l.'<:i7; entered .Miami I'niversity at 
 Oxford, Ohio, in 18.5!t, and gradnatotl in 1802; 
 lawyer by profession; enlisted in the .\riiiy as a 
 private soldier in the Twentic'th ( thio Voluntwr 
 Infantry, and served during the first three nioni lis' 
 service; reenlisted and was maclc> tirst lieutenant 
 Company A, l-!iglity-sixtli ( iliio N'oluntecr Infan- 
 try, ancl on the reorganization of that n'giment 
 was made ca]itaiu of CoiniKiiiy K: attended law 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 727 
 
 rchool at Ann Arbor, jSIich.; elected prosecuting 
 attorney of Licking County, Ohio, in ]867, and 
 reelected in 1869; elected to the Ohio Fenate in 
 1875, and reelected in 1877; elected president of 
 the senate: elected to the Fifty-first and Fifty- 
 second Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Owens, William Claiborne, of Georgetown, 
 Ky., was liorn in Scott County, Ky., October 17, 
 1849; graduated from the law dejiartment of Co- 
 lumliia College, New York, in 1872; elected county 
 attorney for Scott County in 1874, and resigned in 
 1877; served fi\'e terms in the Kentucky legisla- 
 ture, one term as speaker of the house of represent- 
 atives; Democratic elector in 1880, and delegate 
 from the State at large to the Chicago convention 
 in 1892; elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Owsley, Bryan Y. , was a native of Jamestown, 
 Ky. ; received a common-school education; elected 
 a Rejiresentative from Kentucky to the Twenty- 
 seventh and Twenty-eighth Congresses as a Whig. 
 
 Paca, William, was born at Wye Hall, IMd., 
 October ;>1, 174U; graduated from Philadelphia 
 College in 1758; studied law in England and ad- 
 mitted to the bar; returned home and began 
 practice at Annapolis; member of the State house 
 of representatives 1771-1774; Delegate from Mary- 
 land to the Continental Congress 1774-1779; State 
 senator 1777-1779; chief justice of Maryland 
 1778-1780; chief justice of the court of appeals 
 1780-1782; governor of Maryland 1782-1786; dele- 
 gate to the State convention in 1788; United States 
 judge for the district of Maryland from 1789 to 
 1799, when he died, at Wye Hall. 
 
 Pacheco, Romualdo, was born at Santa Bar- 
 bara, Cal., October 31, 18ol; educated by private 
 tutors; engaged in nautical pursuits, subsequently 
 in agriculture; member of the State house of rep- 
 resentative.s in 1853; ele<'teil county judge in 1853, 
 serving four years; member of the State senate in 
 1851 and again in 1861; elected State treasurer in 
 1863; elected lieutenant-governor in 1871; became 
 governor when (iovernor Booth was elected to tlie 
 United States Senate; nominated on the Republi- 
 can ticket for the House of Representatives of the 
 Forty-fifth Congress, and, receiving the certificate 
 of election, took his seat as a member, but the 
 House subsequently declared Mr. Wigginton, his 
 competitor, elected; elected to the Forty-sixth and 
 Forty-seventh Congresses as a Republican; minis- 
 ter to Guatemala under President Harrison; died 
 in January, 1899. 
 
 Packard, Jasper, was born in Mahoning 
 County, Ohio, February 1, 1832; accompanied his 
 parents to Indiana in 1835 and reared on a farm; 
 graduated from the University of Michigan in 
 1855; taught school; located at Laporte, Ind.; 
 studied law, and in 1861 admitted to the bar; 
 entered the Union Army in 1861 as a private and 
 mustered out in 1866 as a brigadier-general l)y 
 brevet for meritorious service; auditor of Laporte 
 County two years; elected a Representative from 
 Indiana to the Forty-first, Forty-second, and 
 Forty-third Congresses as a Republican; died in 
 1899. 
 
 Packer, Asa, was born at Groton, Conn., De- 
 cemlicr 29, 1806; received a public-school educa- 
 tion; moved to Springfield, Pa., in 1820; carpenter; 
 moved to Mauch Chunk in 1832; Ijecame largely 
 interested in the production of coal and in rail- 
 roads; member of the State house of representa- 
 tives; elected a Representative from Pennsylvania 
 to the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses 
 
 as a Democrat; founded the Lehigh University; 
 delegate to the national Democratic convention at 
 New York in 1868. 
 
 Packer, Horace B. , of Wellsboro, Pa. , was bom 
 in Wellsljoro, Pa.; son of Dr. Nelson Packer; edu- 
 cateil at Wellsboro Academy and Alfred Uni- 
 versity, New York; admitted to the bar and 
 practiced law; elected district attorne}- for three 
 years, and served one year by appointment just 
 prior to his election; elected to the Pennsylvania 
 house of representatives in 1884, and reelected 
 in 1886; elected to the State senate in 1888; ])re- 
 sided over two Republican State conventions; 
 elected to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth Con- 
 gresses as a Republican. 
 
 Packer, John B., was born at Sunbury, Pa., 
 March 21, 1824; received a liberal education; 
 studied law and practiced; district attorney 1845- 
 1847; served in the State legislature of Pennsyl- 
 vania 1850-51; elected a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Forty-first, Forty-second, 
 Forty-third, and Forty-fourth C!ongresses as a 
 Repuljlican; decline<l a I'enomination; died at 
 Sunbury, Pa., July 7, 1891. 
 
 Paddock, Alg-ernon S., was born at Glens 
 Falls, Warren County, N. Y., November 9, 1830; 
 received an academic education; studied law; 
 moved to Nebraska in 1857; appointed Territorial 
 secretary l)y Abraliam Lincoln in 1861, whichofiice 
 he held until the State was admitted into the 
 Union; performed the duties of acting governor a 
 part of this time; elected to the United .State.^ Sen- 
 ate in 1875, holding that office for six years; ap- 
 pointed a member fif the Utah Commission in 
 June, 1882, by President Arthur, on which he 
 served until Octolierl, 1886, when he resigned; 
 elected to the United States Senate as a Republi- 
 can to succeed Hon. Charles H. ^'an ^\'yck, and 
 took his seat March 4, 1887, serving to JIarch 3, 
 1893; died at Beatrice, Nebr., October 17, 1897. 
 
 Padgett, Lemuel Phillips, of Columbia, 
 Tenn., was born November 28, 1855, at Columbia, 
 Tenn. ; attended the ordinary private schools of 
 the country till October, 1873, when lie entered 
 the sophomore class of Frskine College, Due West, 
 S. C, graduating in 1876 with the degree of A. B. ; 
 began the study of law in September, 1876, in a 
 law office and licensed to jiractice in March, 1877, 
 laut did not begin active practice until January, 
 1879, and since continued therein at Columbia; 
 one of the Democratic Presidential electors in 
 1884; elected to the State senate in 1898 and served 
 during the term; elected to the Fifty-seventh Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; reelected to the Fifty-eighth 
 Congress. 
 
 Page, Charles Harrison, of Scituate, R. I., 
 was born at Gloucester, county of Providence, 
 R. I., July 19, 1843; attended the public schools 
 in winter and worked on a farm in summer until 
 he was 17 years of age; devoted all his time to 
 farming until he was 19 years of age, when he en- 
 listed as a i)rivate in Company A, Twelfth Regi- 
 ment Rhode Island Volunteers; mustered out with 
 his regiment July 29, 1863, when he returned to 
 the farm and continued that lousiness until 1868; 
 gave uj) farming and went to the State of Illinois, 
 where he resumed his studies at the Illinois State 
 Normal School at Bloomington, and the Southern 
 Illinois College at C?arbondale; returning home to 
 Rhode Island in 1869, taught school in his native 
 town until the spring of 1870, when he entered the 
 law department of the University of Albiiny, in 
 New York, from which he graduated in 1871'; ad- 
 mitted to the bar in the supreme court of New 
 
7'iK 
 
 (•|iN(iUKSS10.NAI. IUKKI TliKY. 
 
 York; rctiiriu'cl to Hliodc l^'l^lnll, anil in 1W72 wiic 
 iiilrMitlt'il liitlu' KIkmIi' l-'laiiil liar: lUrtcil to thr 
 Stato liiiiisi'ofri'(ir(';-tiilali\cM in IST'Janil 1.S7.'! I'min 
 his native ]>laci'; I'lfcted to t lu' Stalo senate in IH74 
 imd reelected in IST'i; eandidate for attorney- 
 Heneral of the State in 1S7!I; dele^rale to I he national 
 Deinoeratieeonvention in ISSO; atiaiii eU'tied to the 
 State senate in 1S,S4; lU'letiatelo the national Denio- 
 eralie eonvention in ISS-J; nominated lor Conj^ress 
 in 1SS4, and. althou^'h his o|i|ionent was declared 
 elected liy a small majorily, he made a successful 
 contest and the seat was declared vacant; a siiecial 
 election was ordered and he was elected hy a jilu- 
 nility of 295; took his seat and served ahont ten 
 days in the last session of Korty-ninth Conjjress; 
 elected to the State senate in 18K5; delegate to the 
 national Democratic convention in 1SK8; again 
 elected to State senate in ISild; while a memhcr of 
 the legislature served on important committees, 
 either judiciary or cor|ionitions; eiecteil to Kifty- 
 seconil I'ongresa at a spei'ial election; reelected to 
 Filtv-third Congress at a special election April 5, 
 IWK!. 
 
 Page, Horace Francis, of I'lacerville, Cal.. 
 was liorn in Orleans County, X. Y., Octoher 20, 
 IS.S.S; received a |inlilic school education: emigrated 
 to California in 1S54: a stage proprietor and mail 
 contractor; unaninionsly noMnnat<'il for the State 
 senate hy the Kepuhlican convention of Kl Dorado 
 County in ISliil, and defeateil; elected to the Korty- 
 third, Forty-fourth, and Forty-tifth Congresses, 
 and r^'elected to the Forty-sixth Congress from the 
 Second Congressional district of the State of Cali- 
 fornia as a Reiiublican; reelected to the Forty- 
 seventh Congress. 
 
 Page, Henry, of Princess Anne. Somerset 
 County, Md.. was horn ii\ that county .June 28, 
 1841; received his preparatory instruction at the 
 school of Anthony Bolivar, West Chester, I*a. ; 
 entered the University of Virginia and remained 
 there parts of four years, leaving without complet- 
 ing the course upon the breaking out of the war 
 in ISfil; entered upon the study of law, and ad- 
 mitted totheharin 18t>4; hegan the practi<-e of the 
 law in Princess Amie. in Somerset County ; a mem- 
 hcr of the constitutional convention in isi)7. w hich 
 framed the present constitution of Maryland; ap- 
 pointed by the <ircuit court for Somerset County 
 .'^tate attorney for that county in 1870. tfi till an 
 iniexpired term; elected by the iieople to that 
 jilace in 1872, and by successive reelections in l87i> 
 and 1880; held the ])osition until 1884; elector 
 at large on the Democratic ticket in I.S88; elected 
 to the Fifty-second Congress as a Democrat; re- 
 signed to become judge of the first judicial di.strict 
 of Marvland. 
 
 Page, John, was born in Gloucester County, 
 Va., April 17. 1743; graduated from William and 
 Mary College in 17<):i; a Delegate to the Conti- 
 nental Congress in 177(i; colonel in the Revolu- 
 tionary army; elected a Representative from 
 Virginia to the First Congress as a Democrat; 
 reelected to the Second, Third, and Fourth Con- 
 gresses; died at Richmond. Va., October 11, 1808. 
 
 Page, John, was born at llavi'rhill, N. II., 
 May 21, 1787; received a liberal education; farmer; 
 lield several local odicew; member of the Stale 
 legislature several years; served five years as 
 rcgist»>r of deeds for (Jnifton County; elecle<l a 
 I' nited States Senator from .New liamp.-hire (vice 
 Isaac Mill, resinned), serving from .lune bt, 18:{t), 
 to March .'i, 18;57; sevcr.il years State councilor; 
 governor of New Hampshire 184()-1842; died at 
 Concord, X. H., September 8, 18ti5. 
 
 Page, Mann, was born at Rosewell, Va., in 
 174!l; a Delegate from Virginia to the Continental 
 Congress in 1777; died at >lansliel<l, Va. 
 
 Page, Robert, was born in \'irginia in 1764; 
 received a limitecl eilueation; a member of the 
 State house of icprcsentativcs; elected a Hepre- 
 sentative from \'irginia to the Sixth Congress lus a 
 Federalist; died at Janesville, Va., January 1, 
 1840. 
 
 Page, Sherman, was a native of Connecticut; 
 attended the common schools; studied law and 
 practiced; moved to Tnadilla, N. Y.; a member 
 of the State house of repre.sentativesin 1827; judge 
 of the court of conuiion jileas in Ot.sego County; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Twcnty-lhiril Congre.-'s as a .lai'kson Democrat: 
 reelected to the Twentv-fourth Congrc-^s; died at 
 Unadilla. N. Y. 
 
 Paige, David Raymond, was born at Madison, 
 Lake County, Ohio, Aiiril 8, 1844; graduatetl from 
 I'nion College, Schenectady, N. V.. in I8ti."); hard- 
 ware merchant; county treasurer four years 1875- 
 18711; eleited to the Forty-eighth Congress as a 
 Democrat; died in New York City .lune .'iO, 1901. 
 
 Paine, Elijah, was born at Brooklyn, Conn., 
 .lamiary 21, 1757; graduated from Harvard College 
 in 1781; studied law and began practice in 1784; 
 manufacturer; menilier of the constitutional con- 
 vention in 1786; memlier of the State hon.se of 
 representatives 1787-1791; judge of the State su- 
 ])renie court 1791-1795; elected a United States 
 Senator from Vermont as a Federalist, serving 
 from 1795 to 1801; United States jtidge of the dis- 
 trict of Vermont from 1801 to April 28, 1842. when 
 he died, at Williamstown, Vt. 
 
 Paine, Ephraim, was a Delegate from New- 
 York to the Continental Congress 1784-85. 
 
 Paine, HalbertE., was born at Chardon, Ohio, 
 February 4, 182G; graduated from Western Re- 
 serve College in 1845; studied law an<l in 1848 
 began imictice at Cleveland, Ohio; moved to Mil- 
 waukee, Wis., in 1857; entered the Union .\rmy 
 in May, 18(11, as colonel of the Fourth Wisconsin 
 Volunteers: in .lanuary. 18():i, promoted to the 
 rank of brig-adier-general. and in the folluwing 
 ,Iune lost his legat Port Hudson: brevetted major- 
 general in March and resigned in May. 18(15; 
 elected a Representative from Wisconsin to the 
 Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, and Forty-first Congresses 
 as a Repuiilican. 
 
 Paine, Robert T., was born at Idlenton. N. C. ; 
 received a limited education; held several local 
 olfices; elected a Representative from .North Caro- 
 lina to theThirtv-fourth Congress asan American. 
 
 Paine, Robert Treat, was born at lioston, 
 Mass., March II, 17.S1: graduated from Harvard 
 College in 1749; studied theology; stuilied law. and 
 in 1759 began practice at Taunton; a member of 
 the colonial house of representatives in I77.'f; ilele- 
 gate to the provincial congress 1774-75; Delegate 
 from Ma.ssaehusetts to the Continental Congrivs 
 1774-1778; attorney-general of Ma.«sachnsetts: 
 member of the executive council; di'lcgalc to the 
 constitutional convention in 1779; moved to Boston 
 in 1780; judge of the supreme court of .Ma.ssichu- 
 setts 1790-1S04; died at Boston, Mass., Mav 11, 
 1814. 
 
 Palen, Rufus, wa." a native of Sidlivan Comity, 
 N. Y.: resided at Fallsburg. where he receiveil 
 a limited education; held several local olfii-es; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 729 
 
 Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig; died at Albany, 
 N. Y., April 26, 1841. 
 
 Palfrey, John Gorham, waH born at Boston, 
 Mass., May 2, 1790; graduated from Harvard Col- 
 lege in 1816; studied theology and was ordained 
 minister of Brattle Square Church, Boston, June 
 17, 1818; editor of the North American Review 
 1835-18-13; State representative 1842-43; secretary 
 of the State of Massachusetts 1844-1848; elected a 
 Representative from ^Massachusetts to the Thirtieth 
 Congress as a Whig; defeated as the Free Soil can- 
 didate for reelection; postmaster at Boston 1861- 
 1866. 
 
 Palmer, Beriah, was a native of New York; 
 received a jjublic school education; studied and 
 practiced law; member of the State house of rep- 
 resentatives 1792-1795; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Eighth Congress. 
 
 Palmer, Frank W. , was born at Manchester, 
 Ind., (October 11, 1S27; received a limited educa- 
 tion; printer, and became editor of the Dubuque 
 Daily Times; elected State printer of Iowa in 1860, 
 1862", 1864, and 1866; edited the Iowa State Regis- 
 ter fora number of years; elected a Representative 
 from Iowa to the Fcjrty-firstand Forty-second Con- 
 gresses as a Republican; moved to Chicago, 111., 
 and became editor of the Chicago Inter-Ocean; 
 postmaster at Chicago 1877-1882. 
 
 Palmer, George W. , wasbornatHoosick, N. Y., 
 January 13, 1818; received a common school edu- 
 cation; studied law, and began practice at Platts- 
 burg; held several local offices; elected a Rejjre- 
 sentative from New York to the Thirty-fifth and 
 Thirty-sixth Congresses as a Republican; delegate 
 to the national Republican convention at Baltimore 
 in 1864. 
 
 Palmer, Henry Wilber, of Wilkesbarre, Pa., 
 
 was educated at Wyoming Seminary, Kingston, 
 Pa.; Fort Edward Institute, Fort Edward, N. Y., 
 and the National Law School of Poughkeepsie, 
 N. Y., graduating from the latter institution in 
 1860; admitted to the bar at Peekskill, N. Y., in 
 1860, and at Wilkesl)arre in 1861; served in the 
 Pay Department of the Union Army in the civil 
 war at New Orleans in 1862-63; member of the 
 con.stitutional convention of Pennsylvania in 1872- 
 73; attorney-general of the State from 1879 to 
 1883; elected to the Fifty-seventh and Fift\--eighth 
 Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Palmer, John, was born at Hoosick, N. Y., in 
 1785; received a liberal education; studied law, 
 and began practice at Plattsburg in 1810; held sev- 
 eral local offices; elected a Representative f rum New- 
 York to the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Twenty-fifth Congress; judge of Clinton County 
 court; died December 8, 1840. 
 
 Palmer, John McAuley, was born in Scott 
 County, Ky., September 13, 1817; moved with liis 
 father to Madison County, 111., in 1S31; attended 
 the common schools in Kentucky and Illinois, 
 and entered Alton (now Shurtleff) College in 
 1835, where he remained a year; taught school 
 and studied law in 1838; admitted to the bar in 
 December, 1839; elected probate judge of INIacoupin 
 County in 1843 and 1848; memlier of the constitu- 
 tional convention of 1847; November, 184,s, elected 
 county judge, which office he held until 18.52, 
 when he was elected to the State senate to fill a 
 vacancy; became an Independent candidate, lead- 
 ing the anti-Neljraska Democrats, and elected at 
 the session of the legislature in 1855; resigned 
 
 his seat in the senate; delegate to the Republican 
 State convention, and made its i)resident; delegate 
 to the convention in 1,S56 in Philadeljihiu which 
 nominated John ( '. Fremont; one of the electors 
 at large on the Republican ticket in 1860, and 
 was elected; member of the peace conference at 
 Washington in 1861; had a long and honorable 
 civil-war record, serving as colonel, brigadier- 
 general, and major-general of volunteers; moved 
 to Springfield in 1867; elected governor of Illinois 
 in 1868; supported Horace Greeley in 1S72 and 
 Samuel J. Tilden in 1876; one of the Democratic 
 visitors to Louisiana after the Presidential election 
 in 1876; delegate at large to national Democratic 
 convention in 1884; nominated by the Democrats 
 of the State a candidate for Senator in 1890; carried 
 the State by 30,000 plurality; 101 Democratic 
 members of the legislature were elected who voted 
 for him 1.53 ballots; on the 154th ballot the 
 Independents united with the Democrats, and he 
 was elected a United States Senator, serving mitil 
 March 3, 1897; resumed the practice of his pro- 
 fession; candidate for President as a Gold Demo- 
 crat in 1896; died at Springfield, 111., September 
 25, 1900. 
 
 Palmer, Thomas Witherell, of Detroit, ilich., 
 was born there January 25, 1830; educated in the 
 public schools at Thompson's Academy at Palmer, 
 now St. t'lair, Mich., and at the Michigan Univer- 
 sity; manufacturer and farmer; served on the 
 board of estimates of Detroit, and as State senator 
 in 1879-80; elected to the United States Senate as 
 a Republican, upon the eighty-first joint ballot of 
 the legislature, to succeed Hon. Thomas W. Ferry, 
 Republican, and took his seat December 3, 1883; 
 served until March 3, 1889; appointed United 
 States minister to Spain in 1889 by President Har- 
 rison, and two years later resigned; elected presi- 
 dent of the World's Columbian Exposition and 
 serveil throughout the entire exposition. 
 
 Palmer, William Adams, was born at Hebron, 
 Conn., September 12, 1791; received a liberal edu- 
 cation; studied law, and began practice at Dan- 
 ville, Vt.; served six years as member of the State 
 house of representatives, and two years as State 
 senator; served several years as clerk of the Cale- 
 donia County court; judge nf the supreme court 
 1816-1818; elected a United States Senator from 
 Vermont (vice James Fisk, resigned), serving 
 from October 18, 1818, to March 3,' 1825; delegate 
 to the constitutional convention in 1828 and 18.35; 
 governor of Vermont 1831-1835; died at Danville, 
 Vt., December 3, 1860. 
 
 Parke, Benjamin, was born in New Jer.sey, 
 September 2, 1777; received a limited education; 
 moved to that portion of the Northwestern Ter- 
 ritory which afterwards became theState of Indiana 
 in 1801; elected a Delegate from Indiana to the 
 Ninth and Tenth ( 'ongresses as a Democrat, serving 
 from December 12, 1805, to March 1, 1808, when he 
 resigned to become judge of the United States dis- 
 trict court; died at Salem, Ind., July 12, 1835. 
 
 Parker, Abraham X., of Potsdam, N. Y., was 
 bornat tirauville, Addi.-;on County, Vt., November 
 14, 1831; a resident of St. Lawrence County, N. Y., 
 o\er forty years; educated at St. Lawrence Acad- 
 emy and the Albany Law School, and, after being 
 adnntted to practice, continued law studies at Buf- 
 falo and Syracuse; served in the New York assem- 
 bly 1863 and 1864, and asState senator in 1868-1 871 ; 
 first elector at large on the Republican Presidential 
 ticket in 1876; secretary of the State Normal School 
 at Potsdam; received the honorary degree of A. .M. 
 
730 
 
 CCmORKSSIONAL DIRKCTORY. 
 
 from Mi<lfll(>l)ury CoUppc in ISSO; ol.'clcd t<i tlu- 
 I'lprtv-sovcnth. K(irty-iM);litli, Kcnty-iiiiilli, lunl \'\\- 
 tictli('i'ri;;re.«!'fs lis 11 I{c|iill>liraii; was l'ir>t Assist- 
 ant Attiiriii'v-tifiH'ral fur fmir vi'ars iiinlcr I'rcsi- 
 'Irnt Hairisi)n'» Aclniinistratiiin; retiinu'd to I'ots- 
 ilani, N. Y., where he resiinuHl tlie jiractiee of law. 
 
 Parker, Amasa J., was burn at Sliaron, Cimn., 
 inlMiT; nnnhiatfil Inmi I'liion Collejie, New York; 
 stuilii'<l law, and in ISI'S l)c!.'iin practice at Delhi, 
 N. Y.; nienilier uf the State house of representa- 
 tives in 1S.{;!, anil a recent of the State I'niversity 
 in ls:{5; helil several local otliees; elected a Kep- 
 resentative from New York to the Twenty-lifth 
 Congress as a ])einocrat; electe(l a jnstice of the 
 supreme court for the third district, lH47-I.S-'i"); 
 appointed I'niti-d States attorney for the district of 
 New York in 1S5V); died at Alhanv, N. Y., .May IH, 
 1890. 
 
 Parker, Andrew, was a native of Mifflintown, 
 Pa.; received a eoniiiion school education; held 
 several local olliccs; electeil a Kciinscntative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Thirty-second Connress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Parker, Hosea W. , was horn at Lemjister, 
 N. II., May .'.0, \s:v.\; received a da.ssical educa- 
 tion; studied law and lie-.-an practice in l.s.MI; a 
 member of the New I lampshirc State le;,'islature 
 IS.MMiO; moved to (larcniont in ISdll and prac- 
 tice<l his profe.ssion; delegate to the Democratic 
 national convention in IS(i«; elected a Kepresenta- 
 tive from New lhuni)sliire to the Forty-second and 
 Forty-third (.'oufjresses as a I)eniocrat. 
 
 Parker, Isaac, was born at Boston, Mass., ,Iune 
 17, 17ii.s; •xradiuilcd from Harvard College in 17Sti; 
 studied law and began practice at Castine; held 
 several local ottices; electi'd a Representative from 
 IMa.s.sacliusetts to the Fifth Congress; United States 
 marshal for the district of Maine; moved to I'ort- 
 laml, -Me.; chief justice of the supreme court of 
 ihiine 1S14-1SL'0; professor of law at Marvanl Fni- 
 versitv 181<>-1SL'7; died at Boston, ^hiss., .Mav '2i>, 
 1830. 
 
 Parker, Isaac C, wasliorn in Belmont County, 
 Ohio, ( )ctolier !•">, l.siiS; receive<l a liberal educa- 
 tion; studied law, and after being adniitteil to the 
 bar moved to Mis.souri in lS.")!t and began practice; 
 city attorney for St. Joseph, Mo., for three years; 
 served in the Cnion .Vnny: eleete<l circuit attor- 
 ney in IstU and resigned "in 18()7; elected c-ircuit 
 juflge for si.\ years in !.'<(>.'<, but resiL'ned in 1870; 
 eiecteil a Representative from ,Mi.-isouri to the 
 Fortv-second and Forty-third Congresses as a He- 
 publican. 
 
 Parker, James, was born at Boston, Ma.-'s., in 
 171)8; rei-eived a liberal education; studied medi- 
 cine and Itegan |iractice at (iardiner. Me. (now 
 >hissacliu.«etts); elected a Hepre.-^eutative fri>m 
 .Mius.sachusetts to the Thirteenth Congress as a 
 Democrat; elected to the Sixteenth Congress; died 
 at < iardiner. Me., November!), 18;{7. 
 
 Parker, James, was born at Bethlehem, X..I., 
 Marih :;. 177ti; grailuated from Columbia College, 
 New York, in I7!i:i; moved to Perth .\mboy in 
 1797; served eleven years as a menibi-r of tlie 
 State house of re)ire.s*Mitatives; a Presidential 
 elector on the.lack.soii ticket in 18'.M; collector of 
 ont'toms at Perth .\inhoy 182tt-18;W; eiecteil a 
 Kepreseiitalive from New".Iers»'y to the Twenty- 
 third and Twenty-fourth Congre.s.ses as a Demo- 
 crat; served as a member of the different boundary 
 commissions to i ibtain a settlement of the boundary 
 queiition between New York and New .Jersey; 
 
 delegate to the constitutional convention in 1844; 
 died at Perth Amboy, N. .1., April 1, 18(18. 
 
 Parker, John, was born at Charleston, .S. C, 
 .lanuary "^4, 174il; a Delegati- from South Carolina 
 to the Continental Congress 17.S()-178S; died near 
 C^harleston, S. ('., April 20, 1S22. 
 
 Parker, John Mason, was born at Cranville, 
 N. Y.,.Iime 14, lso.">: graduated from .Middli-bury 
 College, Vermont, in IS2S; studied law and in 
 ls;{0 began practice at Owego, N. Y.; elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Thirty- 
 fourth and Thirty-fifth Congres.ses a-s a Whig. 
 
 Parker, Josiah, was a native of Virginia; re- 
 ceived a common school education; studied law 
 and admitted to the bar; held .^^everal local offices; 
 elected a Repiesi ntative from Virginia to the 
 First, Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth 
 Congresses; died in Isle of Wight Countv, Va., 
 March 21, 1810. 
 
 Parker, Nahum, was born in Cheshire County, 
 N. II., March 4, 17t)0; received a liberal eduia- 
 tion; held several local ollice,«; eleited a T'nited 
 States .Senator from New Hampshire, serving from 
 October 2t), 1807, to 1810, when he resigned; judge 
 of the courtof common ple;js for llillsboro County 
 1822-182.5; member of the State senate in 1828 and 
 its ]iresiilenf; died at Fitzwilliam, X. H., Novem- 
 ber 12, l.sHit. 
 
 Parker, Richard, wasanativeof ClarkeCounty, 
 Va. ; received a liberal education; studied law and 
 began practice at Berry ville,Va.; held several local 
 otlices; elected a Ri'iiresentative from Virginia to 
 the Thirty-first Congress as a Democrat; elected 
 judge of the thirteenth judicial circuit of Virginia. 
 
 Parker, Richard E., was born in Westmore- 
 land County, Va., December 27, 1783; received a 
 |iublic siliool education; studied law; admitted to 
 the bar and practiced; member of the State house 
 of representatives; for many years judge of the gen- 
 eral court and circuit court of Virginia; elected a 
 I'nited States Senator from Virginia (in place of 
 lienjamin W. Leigh, resigned) ; servedfrom Decem- 
 ber l-'i, 18:W, to .March 13, 1837, when he resigned, 
 having been elei'ted by the legislature of Virginia 
 one of the judges of the court of appeals (in the 
 place of Tabney Carr, deceased); died at Rich- 
 mond, Va., Septendx-r 0, 1.S40. 
 
 Parker, Richard Wayne, of Newark, N. J., 
 
 wius l)i>rn .\ugust (i, 184S; graduated from Prince- 
 ton College in AXi'i'. and the law school of Colum- 
 bian Colleire in l.stW; admitted to the bar of New 
 .lersey in 1870, practicing with his father, Cort- 
 landt" Parker; member of house of a.ssembly 18,s.t 
 and 18S(i; Rc])iil)lican candidate for the Fiftv- 
 third, and elected to the Fifty-fourth. Fifty-liftli, 
 Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Con- 
 gre.s.ses, serving on the committees on Military .\f- 
 fairs and the .liuliciary. 
 
 Parker, Samuel W., was born in Jefferson 
 County, N. Y., SepteniU'r !•, 180.i; gr.idualed from 
 Miami' University. Ohio, in 1828; studieil law and 
 began practice at Connersville, Ind.; held several 
 local olMcis; served in the Indiana State house of 
 representatives ls:il)-1841; State attorney for two 
 years; elected a Uepresentative from Indiana to 
 the Thirtv-second and Thirtv-third Congresses as 
 j a Whig; Presidential elector 1844-18.50. 
 
 ' Parker, Severn E.. was a native of Northamp- 
 ton Countv, \'a.; reieived a common school edu- 
 cation; stiidied and |>nicticed law; held several 
 local oftices, and served a miinber of years as a 
 
BIOGRAPHIK!^ 
 
 731 
 
 member of the State house of representatives; 
 electeil a Representative from ^'irginia to the Six- 
 teenth Coijgress: died in iVortliampton County, 
 Ya., October 21, :8:;6. 
 
 Parks, Gorham, was born in Massachusetts in 
 1793; graduated from Harvard College in 1813; 
 studied law and practiced at Bangor, Me.; held 
 several local offices; elected a Representative from 
 Maine to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth 
 Congresses as a Democrat; United States marshal 
 for the distrit't of Maine 1S38-1S41; United States 
 attorney for the district of Maine in 1843 and re- 
 signed in 184.5 to become United States consul at 
 Rio Janeiro, which position he held until 1849. 
 
 Parmenter, William, was born at East Cam- 
 bridge, ^lass., March 30, 1789; received a liberal 
 education; held various local offices; elected a 
 Representative from Massachusetts to the Twenty- 
 fifth, Twenty-sixth, Twenty-seventh, and Twenty- 
 eighth Congi'esses; naval officer at the port of 
 Boston 184.5-1849; died at East Cambridge, Mass., 
 Feliruary 25, 1866. 
 
 Parrett, William F. , was bom on a farm near 
 Blairsville, Posey County, Ind., August 10, 1825; 
 raised on the farm, attending schnol in winter and 
 working on the farm in sunnner; completed a i)ar- 
 tialcour.se at Asbury (now DePauw) University, 
 at Greencastle; began the study of law at Evans- 
 ville in 1847 and admitted to the bar after exam- 
 ination; remained in Evansville until 18.52, when 
 he moved to Oregon, where he jiracticed law for 
 two years and a half, when he returned to Evans- 
 ville; moved to Boonville in 1855 and opened a 
 law office; Democratic Presidential elector for the 
 first district and cast the electoral vote of Indiana 
 for Buchanan in 1856; elected ti3 the legislature in 
 1858 and served during the general and special 
 session; appointed by Governor Willard judge of 
 the fifteenth circuit in 1859, to which position he 
 was elected for six years at the election following 
 his appointment; after his election returned to 
 Evansville; reelected for a term of six years in 
 1865; before the expiration of the second term 
 resigned: apjiointed judge of the first circuit liy 
 Governor Hendricks in 1873 and elected to the 
 same position, and twice reelected, 1879 and 1.884, 
 resigning the office in December, 18.88; elected to 
 the Fifty-first Congre.ss as a Democrat; reelected 
 t(i the Fiftv-seconil Congress; died at Evansville, 
 Ind.. .Tune 30, 1895. 
 
 Parris, Albion Keith, was born at Hebron, 
 Me., January 19, 1788; graduated from Dartmouth 
 College in 1806; studied law and in 1809 began 
 practice at Paris, Me.; held several local offices; 
 served in both branches of the legislature; elected 
 a Rejiresentative from ^lassachusetts to the Four- 
 teenth and Fifteenth Congresses as a Democrat, 
 serving from December 4, 1815, to 1818, when he 
 resigned: delegate to the State constitutional con- 
 vention in 1819; judge of probate for Cumberland 
 County in 1820; elected governor of Maine five 
 times and served from 1822 to 1827; United States 
 Senator from ilaine, serving from December 3, 
 1827, to August 26, 1828, when he resigned; judge 
 of the supreme court of Maine 1828-1836; Second 
 Comptroller of the United States Treasury- 1836- 
 1.S50: returned to Portland, Me. ; mavor of tlie city 
 in 1852; .lied at Portland, Me., Febiiiary 11, 1857. 
 
 Parris, Virgil Delphini, was anativeof Maine; 
 received a liberal education; studied law and began 
 practice at Bucktield; member of the State house 
 of representatives 1833-1838; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Maine to the Twenty-fifth Congress (vice 
 
 T. J. Carter, deceased) as a Democrat; reelected 
 to the Twenty-sixth Congress; State senator in 
 1842—43, a part of the time as president pro tem- 
 pore and acting go\ernor of the State; United 
 States marshal for the district of Maine 1844-1848; 
 died at Paris, :Me., June 14, 1870. 
 
 Parrish, Isaac, was a native of Ohio; resided 
 at Cambi-idge; elected a Representative from (,)hio 
 to the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat; 
 again elected to the Twenty -ninth Congress. 
 
 Parrott, John F. , was born in Greenland, 
 N. H., in 1768; received a common school educa- 
 tion; men djer of the State hou.se of representatives; 
 held various local offices; defeated as the war can- 
 didate for the Thirteenth Congress; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New Hampshire to the Fifteenth 
 Congress as a Democrat; elected a United States 
 Senator from Xew Hampshire, serving from 1819 
 to 1825; postmaster at Greenland, N. H., Julv 9, 
 1836. 
 
 Parrott, Marcus J., was born at Hamburg, 
 S. C. October 27, 1828; graduated from Dickinson 
 College, Pennsylvania., in 1849; studied law and 
 began practice in Ohio; State representative 1853- 
 54; moved to Kansas and located at Leavenworth; 
 elected a Delegate from Kansas Territory to the 
 Thirty-fifth Congress as a Republican; reelected to 
 the Thirty-sixth Congress. 
 
 Parsons, Edward Young, was born in Mid- 
 dletown, Ky., Decemlier 12. 1842; received a cla.«- 
 sical education; studied law, and in 1865 began 
 practice at Henderson, Ky., Ijut moved in a few 
 months to Louisville; never held a public office 
 until elected a Re]iresentative from Kentucky to 
 the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat; died 
 before the expiration of his term, at Washington, 
 D. C, July 8, 1876. 
 
 Parsons, Richard C, was born at New Lon- 
 don. Conn., October 10, 1826; received a classical 
 education: moved to Ohio in 1846; studied law 
 and began practice in 1851; held various public 
 offices in Cleveland, Ohio; served several terms in 
 the State house of representatives, and one term 
 as speaker; declined the mission to Chile in 1861; 
 appointed consul at Rio .laneiro and resigned in 
 1862; collector of internal reven\ie at Cleveland for 
 four years; marshal of the Supreme Court of the 
 United States 1866-1872; elected a Representative 
 from Ohio to the Forty-third Congress as a Repul:>- 
 lican, and defeated as the Republican candidate 
 for reelection. 
 
 Partridg-e, George, was born at Duxbury, 
 
 Mass., Feljruary 8, 1740; graduated from Harvard 
 College in 1762; studied theology; Delegate to the 
 Provincial Congress 1774-75; member of the State 
 house of representatives 1775-1779; Delegate from 
 Massachusetts to the Continental Congress 1779- 
 1782 and 1783-1785; elected a Representative from . 
 Massachusetts to tlie First Congress, resigning in 
 1790; died at Duxbury, Mass., July 7, 1828. 
 
 Partridge, Samuel, was anativeof New York; 
 receiveil a limiterl education : elected a Represent- 
 ative from New York to the Twenty-seventh Con- 
 gress as a Democrat. 
 
 Paschal, Thomas M., of Castroville, Tex., was 
 born at Alexandria, La., December 15, 1845; moved 
 with his parents to Texas in the spring of 1846, 
 locating at San Antonio; sent to Dan\nlle, Ky., to 
 Centre College, April 4, 1861 ; graduated in cla-^s of 
 1866; returned to San Antonio; admitted to prac- 
 tice law in 1867; appointed city attorney of San 
 Antonio in 1867; appointed United States "con miis- 
 
732 
 
 ('nN(;KKSSH)NAI. DIKKf'TOKY, 
 
 cioiu'i- saim" yoar for west district i)f Trxas; jiuIk'' 
 (if criminal district for San Antimio in ISliS and rc- 
 ~ii;iud sanio year; ninvcd to Castrovlllc in 1.S70, 
 ;uid a|ii"iinted .sinic year to thi' ollicc of district 
 atl(>rncy twenty-fourth district; rnovcil to Urack- 
 ctt, KiiV' County, in IS?:!, and |iracticcil law till 
 1S7.">, when elected jiidfje twenty-fourth judicial 
 district, to which [.ositiou luMvas reelected in l.HSO 
 and ISS-I; ai>i)ointe<l by liovernorC'oke extradition 
 atreut iM-tweeu the Inited States and Mexico in 
 lS7t>,andrea|i|ioiMteil l)y< lovernor Hohertsiu ISHO; 
 returneil to C'astrovilli' in IST"), and elected judHc 
 of the thirtv-ei};hth judicial district in ISSS; inter- 
 ested in atrricultural pursuits: elected to the Kifty- 
 thirdConjircssasa democrat; resun)ed thui>ractiee 
 of law after leaving Congress. 
 
 Pasco, Samuel, of Monticello, Fla., was born 
 at Loudon, Knt.dand, .lune L'S, ]S:i4: when finite 
 youu;: moved with his father to Massachusetts; 
 jinuluated from Harvard ('olles.'e in 1S.">S, iiayint; 
 liiswav liy teaching; si-hool winters; went to Klorida 
 in .lauiiary, IS.'iil, to takecharj,'e of the Waukeeiiah 
 Academyi near Monticello; entered the Confeder- 
 ate Army as a jirivate in .lulv, IHtil; wounded and 
 captured at Missionary Kiil}.'e. ami remained in 
 prison till .March, lS(ir),"w hen paroled; clerk of the 
 circuit court of his county lSii(i-l,St>S. when a<l- 
 mitted to tlie har; elected a Uemocratic I'residen- 
 tial lOector at lar};e in ISSO; president of the con- 
 stitutional convention in 1.SS5; elected to the State 
 hcnise of representatives in 1881!; chosen sju'aker 
 at its or);anization in April, l.SST; elected to the 
 United States Senate as a Democrat to succeed 
 Charles W. .lones, and look his seat March :!, 1HS7; 
 reelected in ISit:!, serving until March ;i, l.H9i); ap- 
 pointed a Nicaragua Canal commissioner in lSi)9. 
 
 Paterson, William, was born at sea in 1745; 
 graduated from Princeton Coliegi- in 17fW; studied 
 law anil in 17(19 began practice; delegate to the 
 State constitutional <-onvention in 177f>; attorney- 
 general of New .lersey 177i)-17S(); Delegate to the 
 Continental Congress' 17S0-8 1 ; elected a Ciiited 
 States Senator from New .lersev, serving from 
 March 4, 17S9, to March 2, 1790, w)ien he resigned; 
 governor of New Jersey 1791-1798; justice of the 
 Supreme Court of the United States, serving from 
 March 4, 1793, until his death at Albany, N. Y.. 
 Septeml)er9, ISOti. 
 
 Patten, JohnD., of Indiana, I'a.. was elected 
 to the Korty-eighth Congress as a Democrat and 
 (irecn backer. 
 
 Patterson, David T., was born in (Meene 
 County, Tenn., Kebrnary L'S, 1819; received a com- 
 mon school education; studied law and jtracticed; 
 engaged in manufacturing; elected a judge of the 
 circuit court in l.H')4 and 18(12; elected a Unit4"d 
 States Senator from Tennessee as a Conservative, 
 serving from .luly 2(1, 18(1(1, to March 4, 18(19. 
 
 Patterson, George Robert, of Ashland, I'a., 
 was born at Lew ist own. Mi lllin County, I'a., Novem- 
 ber 9, 18(i:J: <-dniateil in the public schools of that 
 place, anil at Lewistown (I'a.) Academy; engaged 
 ni mercantile pursuits after leaving school in 1880, 
 most of the time iw a traveling salesman, lirst in 
 the hardware and afterwards in the flour and feed 
 business; agent for a Minneapolis mill, covering 
 territory in central I'eiinsvlvania; elected to the 
 Fifty-seventh Congres.s and reelected lo the Fifty- 
 eighth Congress as a Uepiibliean. 
 
 Patterson, George W., was born at I/indon- 
 derry, N. 11.. November II, 1799; received a 
 lil)enil education; scttleil in Leicester, N. Y., in 
 1825 and engaL'cd in farnung and the nianufactin-e 
 
 of farming impleinentii; helil several local offices; 
 eight yeai-s a mend>erof the State legislature; two 
 years speaker of the house; moved toChaiitani|na, 
 .N. Y., in 1841; delegate to the national Kepidi- 
 lican conventions of 18.5(1 and 18(10; elected lien- 
 tenant-governor of New York in 1848; elected a 
 Ue|presentative from New York to the Forty-lillh 
 Congress as a Kepublican. 
 
 Patterson, James W., was born at Hennikor, 
 N. 11., , Inly 2, lS2:i; received a cla.<sical education 
 and grailuatid from Dartmouth College; held sev- 
 eral local oilices; member of the State hou.se of 
 representatives in 18(12; elected a Reprc-entative 
 from New Hampshire to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
 gress as a Kepublican; reelected to the Twenty- 
 ninth Cougn'.-'s; elected a United States Senator 
 from New Hampshire, ."crving from 18(>7 to 1873; 
 professor at Dartmouth College; again a member 
 of the State house of representatives 1877-78; ap- 
 pointed State superintendent of public instruction 
 in 188.5; died at Hanover, N. H., May 4, 1893. 
 
 Patterson, John, wa." a native of Tiog-a Conntv, 
 N. Y.; received a common school education; held 
 several local ullices; elected a Representativt; from 
 New York to the Eighth Congress. 
 
 Patterson, John, of St. Clairsville, Ohio, was 
 elected a Kipre.sentative from Ohio to the Eight- 
 eenth ( 'ongre.ss. 
 
 Patterson, John James, was bom at AVaterloo, 
 Pa., .\ugust 8, 1830; graduated from .lefferson Col- 
 lege, renusylvania, in 1848; engaged in editorial 
 work; for ten years editor of the Ilarrisburg Tele- 
 graph; engaged in banking; served several years 
 as a memlier of the State house of representatives; 
 served in the Union .Vrniy; moved to South Caro- 
 lina in 18()9; elected a United States Senator from 
 South Carolina as a Kepublican, serving from 
 March 4. 1873, to -March 3, 1879. 
 
 Patterson, Josiah, of Memphis, Tenn., was 
 born .\pril 14, 1837, in Morgan County, .\la.; 
 brought n|i on a farm; educated in the old field 
 schools, and attended for two years the Sirmerville 
 .Vcadeniy; read law on his father's farm an<l ad- 
 mitted to practice in April, 18.59; entered the 
 Confederate army in Septendier, 18(11, as lirst lieu- 
 tenant in the First .\labama Cavalry Kegiment, 
 and in May, 18(12. promoted to the rank of cajitain; 
 in Decendicr, 18(12. i>romoted to the rank of colonel 
 and assigned tn theconunand of the Fifth .\labama 
 Cavahv Kegiment; conunanded a brigade of cav- 
 alrv during the last year of the war; surrendered 
 the' Fifth .\labama "Cavalry Kegiment May 19. 
 18(15; rrturned to the practice of law and devoted 
 himself to his profession; loi-ate<l at Florence, 
 .\la., in .lanuary, 181)7; located at Memphis, 
 Tenn., in March, 1872; elected to the lower 
 branch of the State legislature in 1882; elector on 
 the Democratic ticket in I8.S8; elected to the Fifty- 
 second. Fiftv-third, and Fifty-fourth Congre,s,ses 
 aa a Democrat; defeated for the Fifty-fifth Con- 
 gress as a Gold Democrat. 
 
 Patterson, Malcolm Bice, of Memphis, Tenn., 
 was born at Somcrville. .\la., .lune 7, 18(11; grad- 
 uated with degree of M. A. from the Christian 
 Brothers' College, Memphis. and subsei|nently took 
 a special library course at Vanderbilt University, 
 Nashville; adiilitted to the bar in 1883; electi'd 
 district attorney for Shelby County in 1894 for a 
 period of eight years; resigni^l Se|itendier 10, 1900, 
 after lieing nominated for Congrc-^s; elected to the 
 Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth C^ougrctwes as a 
 Democrat. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 733 
 
 Patterson, Thomas, was a native of Lancaster 
 Count}', Pa.; received a liberal education; moved 
 to West Middleton; hel<l several local offices; 
 elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the 
 Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth (con- 
 gresses. 
 
 Patterson, Thomas J., was a native of New 
 York; resided at Rochester; received a public 
 school edui'ation; elected a Reiiresentative from 
 New York to the Twentv-eighth Congress as a 
 Whig. 
 
 Patterson, Thomas Macdonald, Democrat, 
 of Denver, Colo., was Iwrn in County Carlow, Ire- 
 land, November 4, 1840, antl with liis parents 
 came to the United States in 1849; received a com- 
 mon school education in New York City and 
 Astoria, Long Island; moved to Crawfordsville, 
 Ind., in 18-53; worked in printing otHce there 
 three years, and at the bench a.s a watchmaker 
 and jeweler, for fixe years; entered Asbury, now 
 De Panw, University, Greencastle, Ind., in 1862, 
 and later WaVjash College, Crawfordsville, Ind.; 
 moved to Denver in 1872; elected city attorney in 
 the spring of 1874; elected the last Delegate to 
 Congress from the Territory of Colorado in 1874, 
 and elected Representative to Congress as a Demo- 
 crat from the State of Colorad<;) in ]87t); refused 
 to support Cleveland for PresidiMit in 1892, and 
 aided in carrying Colorado for Ceneral Weaver; 
 united with the People's Party in 189.S, and dele- 
 gate to the Populist national convention in 1896, 
 and urged the nomination of both Bryan and 
 Stevenson by that body; elected a Bryan Presi- 
 dential elector in 1896; permanent chairman of the 
 national Populist convention of 1900; elected a 
 Bryan Presidential elector in 1900; elected to the 
 United States Senate January, 1901, liy the joint 
 votes of Democrats, Silver Repuljlicans, and Pupu- 
 li.sts, and took his seat March 4, 1901; in his ac- 
 ceptance speech Jlr. Patterson announced that lie 
 would in the future act with the Democratic party. 
 
 Patterson, Walter, was a nati\e of Columbia 
 County, N. Y.; received a liberal education; re- 
 sided at Livingston, N. Y. ; member of the State 
 house of representati\'es in 1818; elected a Rejire- 
 sentative from New York to the Seventeenth 
 Congress. 
 
 Patterson, "William, was a native of Maryland; 
 moved to Mansfield, Ohio; received a lilieral edu- 
 cation; studied law and practiced; held several 
 local offices; elected a Representative from Ohio 
 to the Twenty-third Congress as a .Tackson Demo- 
 crat, and reelected to the Twenty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Patterson, William, was born at London- 
 derry, X. H., June 4, 1789; in 181.5 moved to 
 Genesee Vallex-, N. Y.; received a lilieral educa- 
 tion; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig; served from 
 September 4, 18.37, to August 18, 18:iS, when he 
 died. 
 
 Pattison, John M. , ui Milfonl, Ohio, was burn 
 in C'lermont County, Ohio, June 18, 1847; entered 
 the Union Army at the age of 16 in 1864; gradu- 
 ated from the Ohio Wesleyan University at Dela- 
 ware, Ohio, in 1869; admitted to the bar of Hamil- 
 ton County, Cincinnati, in 1872; elected to the 
 State legislature from Hamilton County in 187.3; 
 attorney for the committee of safety of Cincinnati 
 1874-1876; elected vice-president and manager of 
 the L^nion Central Life Insurance Company of 
 Cincinnati in 1881 and president in 1891; elected 
 State senator to fill vacancv caused bv the death 
 
 of Judge Ashburn, February, 1890; electe<l to the 
 Fifty-second Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Patton, David H., of Remington, Ind., was 
 born in Fleming County, Ky., November 26, 1837; 
 educated at the C'ollegiate Institute at Waveland, 
 Ind.; enlisted in the Thirty-eighth Indiana Regi- 
 ment in 1861, attaining the rank iif colonel, and as 
 such mustered out with his regiment at the close 
 of the war; graduated from the Chicago Jledical 
 College in 1867; practiced medicine; never hel<l 
 any political office until elected to the Fifty-second 
 Congress as a Democrat; moved to Oklahoma and 
 resumed the practice of me<licine. 
 
 Patton, John, was born in Kent County, Del., 
 in 1746; received a common school education; 
 served in the Revolutionary Army; Delegate from 
 Delaware to the Continental Congress 178-5-86; 
 elected a Representative from Deleware to the 
 Third Congress, but unseated February 14, 1794, 
 when his seat was successfully contested by Wil- 
 liam Latimer; reelected to the Fourth Congress; 
 died at Dover, Del., June 17, 1801. 
 
 Patton, John, of CJurwensx-ille, Pa., was horn 
 at Covington, Tioga County, Pa., January 6, 1823; 
 moved to Cui-wensville, Clearfield Count_v, Pa., in 
 1828; received a common school education; mer- 
 chant and lumlierman 1844-1860; organized the 
 First National Bank of Curwensville in 1864 and 
 elected president; organized the Curwensville 
 Bank, which succeeded the First National Bank, 
 and elected president; delegate to the national 
 Whig convention which met in Baltimore in 18.52; 
 delegate to the Repiublican national convention 
 which met in Chicago in 1860; elected to the 
 Thirty-seventh Congress in 1860; Presidential 
 elector in 1864, and elected to the Fiftieth Congress 
 as a Republican. 
 
 Patton, John, jr., of Gi-and Rapids, Mich., 
 was born at Curwensville, Clearfield County, Pa,, 
 October 30, 1850; prepared for College at Phillips 
 Academ}-, Andover, Mass.; graduated from Yale 
 College in 1875; studied law at Cohnnl)ia Law 
 School, New York City, graduating in 1877; 
 moved to Grand Rapids, Mich., in 1878, and 
 pjracticed law; upon the death of Senator Francis 
 P>. Stockbridge, April 30, 1894, appointed as a 
 Republican, May 5, 1894, by tlie governor of Mich- 
 igan, to serve as Senator until the election of a 
 successor by the legislature in January, 1895; took 
 his seat Mav 10, 1894, an<l served until .Tanuarv 
 15, 1895. 
 
 Patton, John Mercer, was born in \'irginia 
 in 1796; graduated from Princeton College; grad- 
 uated from Philadelphia Medical College, but 
 never practiced; studied law and began practice 
 at Fredericksburg, \'a.; elected a Representative 
 from Virginia to the Twenty-first Congress (vice 
 P. P. Parbour, deceased) as a Democrat; reelected 
 to the Twenty-second, Twenty-third, Twenty- 
 fourth, and Twentv-fifth C'ongresses; moved to 
 Richmond, Va., and resumed practice; <lied at 
 Richmond, October 29, 1858. 
 
 Paul, John, of Harrisonburg, Va., was born in 
 Rockingham County, Va. , June 30, 1839; received 
 a common school education; taught school in 
 Rockingham Countv in 1859-60; entered Roanoke 
 College, Virginia, iii the fall cjf 1,860, but left in 
 April, 1861, and entered the Confederate ^\jmy, 
 wliere he served during the war; after the war 
 studied law at the University of Virginia, gradu- 
 ating in the law class of 1867; elected Connnon- 
 wealth attorney of his native county in 1870, which 
 office he filled until 1877, when elected to the sen- 
 
784 
 
 CONCiKKSSKlNAI. inUKCTOKY, 
 
 ntt> of Virginia: ivoUvti-d to Ilii' «'n:itc in ISTii; 
 i-kvled to tlif •l'"urty-sov<'iitli Coiijrivss as a Uc- 
 ailjiistor: ri'fk'cteil to the rurtv-cifrlilh ('oiinri'.".-' 
 ami iiiisoatfil liy {'. T. t I'l'iriall May .'>, 1SS4; ap- 
 iiointi'il jutljjf of the I'liiti'd Stali'H (list riot rourt 
 lor till' western district of Virginia tiv President 
 Artliiir. 
 
 Paulding, William, was born at Tarrytown, 
 N. Y.. in 17(1!'; reieived a lilKTal edncation: 
 studii'd law and tit'ttan praftii-c at New York; 
 delt'fiate to tlie State eonstitiitional eonvenlion in 
 l!<21; eleeteil a Kejnvsentative from New York to 
 tlieTwelftli Congress as a l>enioeral; served in the 
 war of ISr.' as brijnidier-jjeneral; niavor of New 
 York Citv 1S1'4-1SL'(); died at Tarrvtown Fel)niarv 
 11, IS.-)-!.' 
 
 Pawling, Levi, was elected a liejiresentative 
 from Pennsylvania to tin' Fifteenth Conjrress. 
 
 Pajrne, Henry B., of Cleveland, Ohio, was 
 born in Madison County, N. Y., November 30, 
 1810; educated at Hamilton College; stuilied law; 
 
 admitted to the bar and i nienced practice at 
 
 Cleveland in 1S.S4; member of the State senate of 
 Ohio in lS4i1-.iO; l>emocratic candidate for the 
 Vnited States Scnatoi-ship in the protracted con- 
 test of 1S.51, and for jinvernor awinst ."^almon P. 
 Chase in IS.^7; Presidential elector in lH4ti; dele- 
 gate to the national Democratic convention at 
 Cincinnati in 18.M), anil to that at Charleston in 
 18ti0 (and reported from the minority of the com- : 
 niittee the resolutions which were acjopted as the 
 jilatform), and was the chairman of the Ohio 
 (leU'sation in the Baltimore convention in 1S72; 
 elected to the Forty-fonrth Conirress; memlier of 
 the Electoral Commission in 187(1; elected to the 
 Pnited States Senate as a Democrat to succeed 
 (ieor^e II. Pendleton, Democrat, and took his .seat 
 March 4, 18.S.t; served until March 8, 1,891; died 
 at Cleveland, Ohio, September 9, 189(5. 
 
 Payne, Sereno Elisha, of Auburn, N. Y., was 
 born at Hamilton. N. Y.,,Iune2t>, 184.S; graduatiHl 
 from the university at Rochester in I8ti4; ad- 
 mitted to the bar in 1.8t;ii, and practiced law at 
 Auburn; city clerk of .\uliurn 18t>8-IS71; super- 
 vigor of Auburn 1871-72: distrii't attorney of 
 Cayupa (Viunty 187.'i-1879; i)resi<lent of the biiard 
 of education at Auburn I879-1,S82; apjiointed a 
 meinlier of the Anierican-liritish joint hifih com- 
 mission in January, \SU'.); elected to the Fortv- 
 eijrhlh, Forty-iunth, Fifty-lirst, Fifty-second, Fiftv- 
 Ihird, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-tilth, Fifty-sixth. Fift'v- 
 seventh, and Fifty-eijrhth Congres.ses as a Repub- 
 lican; chairman Connnittee on Ways and Means 
 Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh Congres-ses. 
 
 Payne, William Winter, was lH)rn in Fau(|uier 
 County, Va., January L', I.S(I7; received a lilieral 
 education; moved to Franklin County, .\la., in 
 ISL'."); repre.sented Franklin County in the State 
 legislature in 1831, and moved to Sumter Countv; 
 elected a representative Is:i4-I8.'?8; defeated camli- 
 dale for the State senate in 1.839; again elected to 
 the State house in 184(1; eleeteil a Hepresentative 
 from Alabama to the Twenty-seventh. Twenty- 
 eightli, and Twenty-ninth Congresses as a Demo- 
 crat; moved to Virginia in 1847 and died there. 
 
 Paynter, Lemuel, wa.s a native of Delaware; 
 received a common school education; moved to 
 Philadelphia, Pa.; held various local positions; 
 elected a Kepreseiitative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Twenty-liflh and Twenty-sixth Coiigri's.ses as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Paynter, Thomas H., of (ireenup, Ky., was 
 born in Lewis Cimnly, Ky., December 9, 18.'>I; 
 educated in the common .scliools of that county, at 
 Jacob Uand's Ai-.ulemy. and at Centre College, 
 Danville, Ky.; lawyer, and engaged in his profes- 
 sion; a)>pointed altorney for (ireemip Countv in 
 
 1 187(>, and held that oilice, imder appointment, 
 until August, 187.8, at whicli time eleeteil to the 
 
 [ same ollice, which he held until 1.881'; elected to 
 the Fifty-lii-st, Fifty-second, and Fifly-tliinl Con- 
 gres.ses as a Democrat. 
 
 Payson, Lewis E., of Poniiac, 111., was Wirii 
 at Provideiue. K. I., .Septeiidier 17, 1840; move<l 
 to Illinois in 1.8.-i2; received a conuuon school edu- 
 cation, with two years at I,oml>ard Fniversity, 
 (ialesburg, III.: studied law and admitted to the 
 bar at Ottawa, 111., in 1S(>2: moved to Pontiac in 
 January, I.S(ri, and practiced law; judge of county 
 court i8(>9-l.s7:!; elected to the Forty-seventh", 
 Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-lirst 
 Congresses as a Keixiblican. 
 
 Peabody, Nathaniel, was born at Topstield, 
 Mass., .March 1. 1741: received a liberal education; 
 studied medicine and begjin practice at Plaistow, 
 N. II., in 17(>1; resigniil a royal conunission to 
 enter the Kevolutionary Army; elected a member 
 of the connnittee on safety Jamiary Id. I77(i; ad- 
 jutant-gi'Ueral of the New Hampshire ndlitia, 
 July 19, 1777, and commanded a brig-ade in Khode 
 Island in 1779; Delegate from New Hampshire to 
 the Continental Congress 1779-SO; meiidH^r of the 
 State eonstitutional convention 1782-83: served 
 eight years as a niend>er of the State legislature 
 and one year as six-aker; died June 27, 1823, at 
 Kxeter, N'. H. 
 
 Pearce, Charles Edward, of St. Louis. .Nb>.. 
 was born at Whitesboro. Oneida County, N. Y.. 
 and sid>seinu'ntly became a resident in the citv of 
 Auburn, county of Cayuga; educated at Fairtield 
 Seminary and I'nion College; enlisted inthcArniy 
 immediately after graduating; commissioned cap- 
 tain. Battery D, Sixteenth New York Heavy Artil- 
 lery, in 18(i3; promoted to the rank of major in 
 June, 18(14; appointed to the staff of ^laj. (ien. 
 A. H. Terry after the cai)ture of Fort Fisher, and 
 on the occupation of Wilmington di'taileil as pro- 
 vost-marshal-general of the eastern district of 
 North Carolina; ipiit the .\rniy in the fall of 18(l.i; 
 settled in St. I.ouis in l.siKi. where he was admitted 
 to the bar, anil began the practice of law in 18t>7; 
 retaining interest in military affairs, lieeame com- 
 mander St. I.ouis National Ouard in 187.5; organ- 
 ized the First Regiment in 1877 and elected its 
 colonel; resigned in 1878; delegate to the Repid)- 
 lican national convention of l.sss, and advocateil 
 the nomination of John Sherman as candidate for 
 President; appointed chairman Sioux Indian Com- 
 mission in ISiM; went to India and Japan in 1S94 
 to investigate the industries of the Orient: elect«il 
 to the Fifty-lifth Coni;ress as a Republii-sni: rt'- 
 elected to the Fifty-sixth Congress. 
 
 Pearce, Dutee J., was born on the island of 
 Prudence, Rhode Island, .Vpril 10, 17.89; graduated 
 from Brown I'niversity in l.sO.'i; studied law and 
 lieganin-actieeat Newport; held various local ollices; 
 Presidential <'lector on the Monroi' ticket in 1821; 
 several years a mendier of the State house of repre- 
 .sentatives; elected a Repre,s<'ntative from Rhode 
 Island to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, Tweiity-tirst. 
 Twenty-second, Twenty-third, and Twenty-fourth 
 Congri'sses as a Democrat; ditil at Newport, R. I., 
 Mav 9, 1,849. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 735 
 
 Pearce, James Alfred, was bnvn at Alexan- 
 dria, Va., Deceml)er 14, I.sO.t; jirailuated frmn 
 Princeton College in 1822; ^itudied law, and in 1S24 
 began practice at Cambridge, jMd. ; moved to 
 Louisiana in 1825 and engaged in jilanting; re- 
 turned to Kent County, Md., and resumed the 
 practice of law; served in the State house of repre- 
 sentatives; elected a Representative from JNIarv- 
 land to the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-tittli Con- 
 gresses; defeated for reelection to the Twenty-sixth 
 Congress; elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress 
 as a Whig; elected a United States Senator in 
 1843 as a Whig, and four times elected (the last 
 time as a Democrat), serving from March 4, 1841, 
 until December 20, 1862, when he died at Chester- 
 town, Md. 
 
 Pearce, John J., was a native of Pennsyl- 
 vania; received a liberal education; ordained a 
 minister in the Methodist Episcopal Church when 
 only 18 years of age; continued in the ministry 
 as a member of the Wyoming and Philadelphia 
 conferences until 1854, when 'ected a Kejiresenta- 
 tive from Pennsylvania to the Tljirty-fourth 
 Congress as a Whig; declined a reelection. 
 
 Pearre, George Alexander, of Cumberland, 
 Md., was born at that city July 16, 1860; his early 
 education was had in private schools and at the 
 Allegany County Academy in Cumberland, whence 
 he went to St. James College, near Hagerstow n, 
 Md., completing his education at Princeton Col- 
 lege and the University of West Virginia; studied 
 law for a year; entered the law school of the 
 Maryland University at Baltimore; received the 
 di])loma of that institution and admitted to the 
 bar in 1882; in 1887 opened a law office in Cum- 
 berland; elected to the State senate in 1890, 
 and served in the ses.eions of 1800 and 1892; nom- 
 inated prosecuting attiirney by the Repulilican 
 party in 189.5 and elected; after a stubborn contest 
 in convention nominated, in 1898, on the one 
 thousand four hundred and seventy-fifth ballot as 
 the Republican candidate for Congress, and 
 elected; carried all the counties in the district for 
 the first time in its history, and Allegany County 
 by the large.st njajority it ever gave for a candidate, 
 except when his father was a candidate for judge; 
 carried the Democratic town of Cumberland liy 
 over tiOO, also unjirecedented in the history of 
 either party; reelected to the Fifty-seventh and 
 Fifty-eighth Congresses. 
 
 Pearson, A. J., of Woodsfield, Ohio, was l)orn 
 at Centervilie, Behnont County, Ohio, May 20, 
 1846; moved with his parents, at an early age, to 
 Beallsville, Monroe County, Ohio; educated in the 
 common schools of Beallsville and the Normal 
 School at Lebanon, Ohio; private soldier in Com- 
 pany I, One hundred and eighty-sixth Ohio Vol- 
 unteer Infantry during the civil war; read law; 
 admitted to the bar in September, 1868, and began 
 practice at Woodsfield; prosecuting attorney of 
 ftlonroe County for three successive terms; mem- 
 ber of the State senate for two years; probate 
 judge of IMonroe County for six years; elected to 
 the Ffty-second Congress as a Democrat; reelected 
 to the Fiftj'-third Congress. 
 
 Pearson, Joseph, was a native of Salisbury, 
 N. C. ; received a liberal education; studieil law, 
 and Ijcgan practice at Salisbury; served two terms 
 in the house of commons of North Carolina; 
 elected a Re]iresentative from North Carolina to 
 the Eleventh, Twelfth, and Thirteenth Congresses 
 as a Federalist ; while in Congress fought a duel with 
 Cen. J. C. Jackson, and on the second Are was 
 wounded; died at Salisbury, N. C, October 27, 18.34. 
 
 Pearson, Richmond, of Asheville. N. ('., was 
 born at Richmond Hill, N. C, January 26, 1852; 
 graduated frnni Princeton College in the class of 
 1872, delivering the valedictory oration; admitted 
 to the bar of North Carolina in 1874; in the same 
 year appointed United States consul ti> Verviers 
 and Liege, Belgium; resigned said office in 1877; 
 member of the North Carolina legislature in 1885 
 and again in 1887; one of the originators of the 
 coalition wdiich overwdielmed the Demoi'ratic 
 ]iarty in North Carolina in 1894; elected to the 
 Fifty-fourth Congress as an Inrlependent Protec- 
 tionist; reelected to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth 
 Congresses as a Republican, but in the Fifty- 
 seventh Congress the certificate of election was 
 given to William T. Crawford, Democrat; on a 
 contest was seated b\' the House ^lay 10, 1900; 
 appointed United States con.sul to Genoa, Italy, 
 December 11, 1901; appointed by Presirlent 
 Roosevelt in 1902 as envoy extraordinary and 
 minister plenipotentiary to Persia. 
 
 Pease, Henry R. , was born in Connecticut 
 February 19, 1835; received a liberal education; 
 taught school for eleven years; studied law and 
 practiced; entered the Union Army as a jnivate 
 and attained the rank of captain; superintendent 
 of education of Louisiana while that State was 
 under military rule; appointed superintendent of 
 the education of freedmen in Mississipjii in 1867; 
 elected superintendent of education of jlississippi 
 in 1869; elected a United States Senator from 
 Mississippi as a Repulilican (\ice A. Ames, re- 
 signed), serving from February 12, 1874, to ilarch 
 3, 1875. 
 
 Peaslee, Charles Hazen, was Ijorn at (Tilman- 
 ton, N. H., February 6, 1804; graduated from 
 Dartmoutli College in 1824; studied law and 
 began practice at ('oncord, N. H.; served in the 
 New Hampshire State legislature; adjutant-general 
 of the militia; elected a Representative from New 
 Hampshire to the Thirtieth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; reelected to the Thirty-first and Thirty- 
 second Congresses; appointed collector of the ])ort 
 of Bo.ston in 1854; died at St. Paul, Minn., Sep- 
 tember 20, 1866. 
 
 Peck, Erasmus D., was born in Connecticut, 
 Septend)er Ki, 1808; graduated from Berkshire 
 IMedical College in 1829; moved to Ohio in 1830 
 and practiced medicine; .served two terms in the 
 Ohio State legislature; elected a Rejiresentative 
 from Ohio to the Forty-first Congress as a Repub- 
 lican (vice T. H. Hoag, deceased ) ; reelected to the 
 Forty-second Congress. 
 
 Peck, Georg-e W. , was born in New York, 
 June4, 1818; received a classical education; moved 
 to Lansing, Mich.; elected to the State house of 
 representatives in 1846 and 1847, serving as speaker 
 the last term; elected secretary of state of i\Iich- 
 igan; elected a Repre.sentative from Michigan to 
 the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Democrat; defeated 
 for reelection. 
 
 Peck, Jared V. , of Port Chester, N. Y., v.as a 
 native of that State; receiveil a common school 
 education; held several local offices; elected a 
 Representative from New Y'ork to the Thirty-third 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Peck, Lucius Benedict, was born at Water- 
 bury, Vt., in 1804: received a classical educaticm, 
 and attended tlie Military .\cademy at West Point 
 two years; studied law and liegan [iractiee at 
 Barre, Vt., in 1826; moved to Montpelier, Vt., 
 where lie practiced his profession: elected a 
 Representative from Vermont to the Thirtieth 
 
7HC. 
 
 CONCiKKSSIONAL DIKKCTnKY, 
 
 C'lmfrrcss as ji I'ciuiMTiit; roclocti'il tn llif Tliirty- 
 lirst (.'iiiitjrcsH; rnilcd Stalf." dihitrict atlorncy fur 
 ViTiiiniit lS5:l-l.Si)7; prcj^iilctit i>f the Vfrniont 
 anil Cana.la Hailmad; (licil at IaiwcU, Matw., 
 Dfi-("intHT L'S, l.stlil. 
 
 Peck, Luther C, was a native of ('onnecticnt; 
 ifci'iviMl a lihiTal <'<lucatiipn: niovtil to I'ikt>, X. Y.; 
 liolil varidiiH local oflires; flcctfil a Hciircscntativo 
 from New York In tlu' Twcnty-lillli ( onfjrcsH as a 
 Wliijj: riM'lfcti'il to the rwenty-sixtii (.'ongress; 
 died at Nnnda. N. Y.. I'Vhruary 1(>, ISTfi. 
 
 Peckham, Rufus W. , was l)orn at Kensselaer, 
 N. v., HfriMilicr I'O, isO'l; received a lilieral edn- 
 eation; studied law and bepin practice at Albany, 
 N. Y.; belli several local ollices; elected a Uepre- 
 pentative from New York to tbe Tbirty-tbird ('oii- 
 gress as a Democrat; elected a justice of tbe 
 8Ui>renie court for tbe tbird jiidiiial district, and 
 s«'rveil from ISfil to 181)9; died at sea November 
 22, 1K7.S. 
 
 Peddie, Thomas B. , was a native of Kdinbnrtrb, 
 Scotland; enuurated to America in 1S;{:{ and lo- 
 cated at Newark, N. J.; received a liberal eibica- 
 tion; ensiajred in manufacturing; served two terms 
 in tlie State legislature; twice elected mayor of 
 Newark; elected a Representative from New .Icr- 
 gey to tbe I'orly-tiftb Congress as a I{ei)ubliian. 
 
 Peek, Hermanus, was a native of Albany, 
 N. Y'.; moved to Schenectady, wbere be received 
 a liberal education; elected a Hepresentative from 
 New York to tbe Sixteentb t'ongress. 
 
 Peel, Samuel W., of Hentonville, Ark., was 
 born in Independence County, Ark., September 
 13, l,s:i2; received a common sebool eilucation; 
 elected clerk of the circuit court<if Carroll County, 
 Ark., in IXoS and ajrain in IStiO; entered tbe Con- 
 federate service in ISiil as a private, and elected 
 major of tbe Tbird .\rkansas Infantry (State 
 troops I ; reentered tbe Confederate service in l.st)2 
 as a private, and elected colonel of tbe Fourth 
 Ke-iiment Arkansas Infantry; at tbe close of the 
 war commenced tbe |>ractice of law in tbe State 
 eourt.a; appointed prosecuting attorney of the 
 fourth judicial circuit of Arkansas in lS7:i; upon 
 the adoption of tbe new constitution in 1874, 
 elected to tbe same place; elected to tbe Forty- 
 eighth. Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, l'"ifty-first, and Fifty- 
 .second Congresses as a Demoiiiit. 
 
 Peelle, Stanton J., of Indianapolis, Ind., was 
 l)orn near Ivichmoml. Wayne County, Inil., Feb- 
 ruary 11, Is-j:!; educated in the common schools 
 anil seminaries of Indiana; lawyer by profession; 
 enlisted in Company ti, l-.igbtb Kegimenl Indiana 
 \'olunteers, .\ugust .">, Istil, and served until De- 
 cember 10, 181)2, w hen i)romoted to a second lieu- 
 tenantcy in Comjiany K, Fifty-seventh Indiana 
 Infantry Vohmteers. and served until mustered 
 out by rea.son of expiration of term of service; 
 deputy district attorney of Marion County, Ind., 
 for two years; member of the Indiana Slate house 
 of representatives 1877-1S7!I; elected lo the Forty- 
 ceventh ( 'oiigre.ss as a Hepublican; ilaimed to have 
 been reelected to tbe Forty-eighth Congress, but 
 bis seat was given to William K. Knglish Mav 22, 
 1884. 
 
 Peery, William, was a Delegate from Delaware 
 to the I'ontinenlal Congress 178.")-8li. 
 
 Pefl'er, William Alfred, of To|K>ka, Kans., was 
 born on a farm in Cumberland County, l*a., S<'i>- 
 tember lo, ISIil; attended a public school; began 
 teaching at the age of l."> years; taught during tbe 
 winter and fanned in summer; moved to Indiana 
 
 ,lune. 18."):{, and opened a farm in St. ,lo.sepb 
 County; moved to Mici.souri Se|)temlier, IS.")!), and 
 purchased a farm in Moivan County; because of 
 the war moved to Illinois Februarv, 1802, and en- 
 listed as a |)rivate in Company F, Kigbfy-thinl 
 Illinois Infantry tbe following August; iiromoted 
 to s«-conil lieutenant Manb, ISIi.'J; served as regi- 
 mental i|uartermaster and adjutant, post adjutant, 
 jiulge-advocate of a military commi.-^sion, and 
 dejjot i|uarlermaster in the engineer department 
 at Nashville; studied law odd hours during the 
 war; nuisleied out of service .1 line 2t), isii."); Ix'gan 
 ]ira<tice of law at Clarksville, Tenn., August, 18(5.5; 
 moved to Kansas .lanuary, 1870, and j)racticed 
 law there until 1878; elected to tbe State senate in 
 1871; Kepubliian Presidential elector in 1880; 
 elected lo tbe rnited States Senate as a inemher 
 of the I'loiiie's I'arty; took bis seat Mari'h 4, 1891, 
 serving mitil March .S, 1897. 
 
 Pegram, John, was a native of Virginia; at- 
 tended tbe common schools; held various local 
 otlices; elected a Hepresentative from Virginia to 
 the Fifteenth Congress (vice Peterson Coodwin, 
 deceased), serving from 1818 to 1819. 
 
 Peirce, Robert B. F., of Crawfordsville, Ind., 
 was born at Laurel, Ind., February l"i, 184.'!; 
 .served in the warof the rebellion as second lieu- 
 tenant of Coiniiany II, One hundred and tbirty- 
 iifth Regiment of Indiana Volunteers; graduated 
 from Wabash College in ISfili; studied law at 
 Shelby ville, and entered upon itsjiracticeat Craw- 
 fordsville in 18(17; elected prosecuting attorney in 
 18()8, and reelected in 1870 and 1872; elected to 
 the Forty-seventh Congress as a Republican; be- 
 came receiver of tbe T., St. L. and K. C. Rwy. 
 
 Pelham, Charles, was born in Person County, 
 N. ('.. March 12, ISI!-"); moved with bis )iarents tii 
 Alabama in 18:i8; attended the common schools; 
 studied law, and began iiraclice at Talladega in 
 18')8; entered the Contederate army in 18(j2; 
 elected judge of the tenth judicial circuit in 1,S()8, 
 and while discharging the duties of that office 
 elected a Representative from Alabama to the 
 Forty-third Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Pelton, Guy R. , was born at Great Harrington, 
 Ma.ss., August .'), 182.1; received a liberal ediu-a- 
 tion; taught school; studied law, and began prac- 
 tice at New York in 18.M; held various local of- 
 fices; elei'led a Representative from New York to 
 the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Whig; defeati-d 
 for tbe Thirty-tifth Congress. 
 
 Pence, Lafe, of Denver, Colo., was born at Co- 
 lumbus. Ind., December 2.S, 1.8.17; after graduat- 
 ing from tbe connnon .school atthat place attende*! 
 college at Hanover, Ind., graduating with the class 
 of 1877; studied law and admitted to tbe bar De- 
 cember 2.'i, 1878; iiracticed at Columbus until Sep- 
 tember, 1879, when he moved to Winlield, Kans.; 
 lived then' until March, l.ssi.wbeii he moved to 
 Rico. Colo., jiracticed lawat Rico until 1884. when 
 I'lccted to the State U'gislature and, afUr the ses- 
 sion in 1,88.'), located in Denver; a])pointi'd county 
 attorney for .\rai>ahoe County in 1887; reap)>ointisl 
 county attorney in 1.8,88; in i8<i2, in common with 
 nearlv all Colorado Democ-rats, o])]>o.s(k1 the nom- 
 inee and platform of tbe Chicago Democratic con- 
 vention and declared for (ieneral Weaver and the 
 Omaha I ilal form when the latter declareil for silver; 
 nominated bv the Populists and Silver Ileniocrats 
 as candidaU'" for Congress OcIoIhm- 2(i, 1.892, and 
 elected in November to tbe Fiftv-third Congre-ss; 
 moved to New York State where he was interestwl 
 in railroading; returned to Denver, Colo., and 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 737 
 
 later moved to San Francisco, where he resumed 
 the practice of law. 
 
 Pendleton, Edmund, waa liorn in Caroline 
 County, Va., SeptenjlierO, 1721; received a liberal 
 education; studied law and practiced; presiding 
 judfie of the court of ajipeals; member of the Con- 
 tinental Congress 1774-75; memberof the Virginia 
 constitutional convention of 1787, and its presi- 
 dent: died at Richmond, Va., October 23, 1803. 
 
 Pendleton, Edmund H. , of Hyde Park, N. Y. ; 
 
 was electeil a Representative from that State t<^ 
 the Twenty-second Congress as a ^^'hig. 
 
 Pendleton, George C, of Belton, Tex., was 
 born in Coffee County, Tenn., April 23, 1845; at- 
 tended ccjuntry schools in Warren County, Tenn.; 
 for a few months a student at Hannah High School, 
 in the same county; afterwards attended the Wax- 
 ahachie Academy, in KlHs County, Tex., to which 
 State his father, Edmund Pendleton, moved in 
 1857; after arriving at manhood, became first a 
 drummer or commercial traveler, afterwards a 
 merchant and a farmer and dealer in real estate; 
 in the Confederate service as private in Fount's 
 Company, Burford's regiment. Parson's brigade, 
 Texas Cavah-y; member of the eighteenth, nine- 
 teenth, and twentieth Texas legislatures and 
 speaker of the twentieth; elected lieutenant- 
 governor in 1890; elected to the Fifty-third Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; reelected to the Fifty-fourth 
 Congress; engaged in the practice of law at Belton, 
 Tex.; elected president of the Temple National 
 Bank in April, 1899. 
 
 Pendleton, George H., was born at Cincin- 
 nati, Oliio, July 25, 1825; received an academic 
 education in the schools of Cincinnati and after- 
 wards in Europe; studied law, admitted to the 
 bar, and began practice at Cincinnati; memberof 
 tlie State senate of Ohio in 18.54 and 1855; Repre- 
 sentative from Ohio to the Thirty-fiftli, Thirty- 
 sixth, Thirty-seventh, and Thirty-eighth Con- 
 gresses; Democratic candidate for Vice-President 
 on the ticket headed by George B. McClellan in 
 1864; Democratic candidate for governor of Ohio 
 in 1869; elected to the United States Senate as a 
 Democrat, to succeed Stanley Matthews, Repub- 
 lican, and took his seat March 18, 1879, serving 
 until March 3, 1885; minister to Germany in 1885; 
 died November 24, 1898, at Brussels, Belgium. 
 
 Pendleton, James M. , was born at North 
 Stoniugton, Conn., January 10, 1822; received a 
 liberal educati(]n; merchant for seven years at 
 Westerly, R. I., and then engaged in banking 
 and insurance and manufacturing; served in the 
 Rhode Island State senate 18(i2-1865; delegate to 
 the national Republican convention at Chicago in 
 1868; Pi-esidential elector on the Grantand Colfax 
 ticket in 1868; elected a Representative from 
 Rhode Island to the Forty-second and Forty-third 
 Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Pendleton, John O. , of Wheeling, Ohio County, 
 W. "\'a., was nominated for State senator for lirst 
 senatorial district in 1886 and defeated; elected to 
 the House of Representatives of the Fifty-first 
 Congress on November 6, 1888, and imseate<l Feb- 
 ruary 26, 1890; elected to the Fifty-second Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; reelected to the Fifty-third 
 Congress. 
 
 Pendleton, John S., was a native of Virginia; 
 resided at Culijeper and there received a Hberal 
 education; charge d'affaires to Chile 1841-1844: 
 elected a Representative from Virginia to the 
 Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses as a Whig; 
 
 charge d'affaires to the Argentine Confederation 
 1851-1854; died near Culpeper, Va., November 19, 
 1868. 
 
 Pendleton, Nathaniel Greene ( father of 
 George H. Pendleton) , was born at Savannah, 
 Ga., August, 1793; moved to New York City with 
 his parents; graduated from Columbia College in 
 1813; studied law and admitted to the bar; served 
 in the war of 1812; moved to Cincinnati in 1818 
 and resumed practice; memberof the (.»hio State 
 senate 1825-1829; elected a Representative from 
 Ohio to the Twenty -seventh Congress as a '\\'hig; 
 defeated for the Twentv-eightli Congress; died at 
 Cincinnati, < )hio, June'lO, 1861. 
 
 Penington, JohnB., was born near Newcastle, 
 Del., December 20, 1825; received an academic 
 education at Newcastle and Newark, Del., and a 
 collegiate education at Jefferson College, Pa.; 
 went to Indiana and engaged in teaching; re- 
 turned to Delaware, studied law, and admitted 
 to practice in April, 1857; member of the State 
 house of representatives in 1857; clerk of the 
 house in 1859, 1863, and 1871; delegate to the 
 Democratic national con\entions at Charleston 
 and Baltimore m 1860; appointed United States 
 attorney for the district of Delaware in 1868 by 
 President Johnson, and attorney-general of the 
 State by Governor Ponder in 1874; elected to the 
 Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses as a Democrat; 
 died at Dover, Del., June 1, 1902. 
 
 Peun, Alexander G., was a native of Virginia; 
 receiveil a liberal iducation; moved to the parish 
 of St. Tammany, La., in 1812; a planter; served 
 in the Louisiana State house of representatives; 
 postmaster at New Orleans 1845-1849; elected a 
 Representative from Louisiana to the Thirty-first 
 Congress (vice J. H. Harmanson, deceased) as a 
 Democrat; reelected to the Thirty-second Con- 
 gress; died at Washington, D. C, May 8, 1866. 
 
 Peun, John, was born in Caroline County, Va., 
 May 17, 1741; received a limited education; 
 studied law, and in 1762 began practice; moved 
 to Granville County, N. C, in 1774; elected a 
 Delegate to the Continental Congress in 1775; 
 reelected in 1777 and 1779; died in North Caro- 
 lina September 14, 1788. 
 
 Penniman, Ebenezer J., was a native of New 
 York; received a limited education; printer; 
 moved to New York City and became a mercliant; 
 moved to Plymouth, Mich., in 1835 and engaged 
 in mercantile pursuits; elected a Representative 
 from Michigan to the Thirty-second Congress as a 
 Whig and Freesoiler. 
 
 Pennington, Alexander C. M. , was l>orn at 
 Newark, N. ,1., July 10, 1810; received a liberal edu- 
 cation; studied la\van<l])racticed; held variouslocal 
 offices; elei'tcd a Representative from New Jersey 
 to the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses 
 as a Whig; served two terms in the New Jersey 
 State legislature; moved to New York Citv, and 
 died there January 25, 1867. 
 
 Pennington, William, was horn at Newark, 
 N. J., ,\lay 4, 171it); received a liberal education; 
 studied law and began practice at Newark: gov- 
 ernor of New Jersey 1837-1843; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New Jersey to the Thirty-sixth 
 C<jngress as a "NMiig; defeated as the Republican 
 candidate for reelei'tion to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
 gress: died at Newark, N. J., February 16, 1862. 
 
 Pennybacker, Isaac S. , was born in Shenan- 
 doah County, Va., September 12, 1807; received a 
 
 H. Doc. 458- 
 
 -47 
 
73y 
 
 CONtSKKSSlDNAl, DIKKCroKV 
 
 lilivral iMiui'atioii; (iHniiiMl law ainl lH';;aii jirartico 
 al llarrisonlmr;:; lirlit varioiiM loial "llicfs; t'lcctod i 
 a l{i-|irc.<eiilativ(' hmn Viiyinia to the Twontv-tiftli ' 
 C'iiiii.'ivs8 as a iHMiiiprral; fiiitoil States jiii lire for 
 the western ilistrirt of Vip/iiiia; elei'teil a I'nited 
 States Senator from Vip^'iiiia as a I)enio<T!it, serv- 
 ing from I)ecemln'r I, 1S45, to January 12, 1.S47, 
 wlien lie died, at Wasliin^'ton, 1>. C". 
 
 Penrose, Boies, of I'hihulelphia, I'a., was horn 
 there Novendn-r 1, ]SiH); prepared for eolleae hy 
 private tutors and in the si'hools of Philadelphia; 
 praduated from Harvard ('olle;.'e in ISSl; rea<l 
 law with Wayne ^h•\(•a;:h and ( Jeorire Tucker 
 Bispham, and admitted to the har in ISS;!; jirac- 
 tice<l his proi'ession in i)artnership with S. Davis 
 I'aire and I'Mward 1'. Allinson, imiler the firm 
 name of Pa^re, Allinson il: IViirose; elected ti> the 
 Pennsylvania house of representatives from the 
 eijrhth Philadelphia district in 1SS4; in connection 
 ■with Kdwanl P. Allinson, wrote, at the request of 
 Johns Hopkins Tnivei-sity, for the university 
 studies in historical and jiolitical science, a History 
 of the City (iovernmeut of Philadelphia: elected 
 to the Pennsvlvania State senate from the sixth 
 Philailelphiadistrict in ISSti; reelected in ISiKI, and 
 again in KSiM: ele<'led president ]>ro temjioreof the 
 senate in l.HSit, and reelected in ISiU. elected to 
 the Tnited States Senate as a KepiiMican to suc- 
 ceed J. Donald Cameron, and took his seat March 
 4, ISitT; reelected for the term of lUO.'i to 1!I09. 
 
 Perce, Legrand W. , was born at Buffalo, 
 N. Y.. June !!•, lS.'i6; received a liheral education; 
 studied law and aihnitted to the har; entere<l the 
 I'nion Army in l.S'il ; appointed second lieutenant 
 of the Sixth Michij.'an X'olunteers. and captain in 
 June, IStiL'; brevetted major at Port Hudson in 
 May, l.SI>3; brevetted lieutenant-colonel ami colo- 
 nel in 1865; settleil at Natchez, Miss.; elected a 
 Kenresentative from Mississippi to tlie Forty-first 
 anil Forty-second Con^rresses as a Kepuhlican. 
 
 Perea, Francisco, was horn at Padillas, 
 N. Mex., January 9, 18,'51; received a limited edu_ 
 cation: electeil a Dele;rate from New Mexico Terri_ 
 tory to the Thirty-eighth Congress as a Heiiuhlican 
 
 Perea, Pedro, of Bernalillo, X. Mex., was 
 born at Bernalillo, N. Mex., April 22, 1.8.52; edu- 
 cate<l at St. Michael's College, Santa Fe, N. Mex., 
 Oeorgetowii Cniversity, I listrict of Columbia, anil 
 St. Ix)uis I'niversitv, St. I.ouis, Mo.; all his life a 
 resident of IV-rnalilio; i>rincipally engaged in farm- 
 ing and sheep raising: at one time president of the 
 First National Hank of Santa Fe: four times a 
 inend)erof the council of the New Mexico legis- 
 lature; elected to the Fifty-sixth Congress an a 
 Republican. 
 
 Perham, Sidney, was born at Woodstock, Me., 
 March 27, 1819: received a liheral education; 
 farmer: member of the State house of rejire.-^enta- 
 tives of Maine in 18.>4, and its speaker; held vari- 
 ous local ollices; elected a Kepresentative from 
 Maine to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and 
 Fortieth Congresses as a Kepublican; governor of 
 Maini' 1871-1874: appraiser in the Portland custom- 
 house. 
 
 Perkins, Bishop, was a native of New Hamp- 
 shire; moved to ( )gdensburg, N. Y., where he 
 receiveil a liberal education; elected a Uepresenta- 
 tive from New York to the Thirty-thinl Congress 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Perkins, Bishop W., was born at Uochester, 
 Loniiii Ciiuiily. (iliio. October 18,1841; receive<l a 
 conuiioM scl I ediiiatiou, with a short attendance 
 
 at rvnox .\cademy, at (iaiesliurg. 111.; read law at 
 Ottawa, 111.; admitted to the bar there in lsi)7,and 
 coimueliced practice: served four yeai's as a soldier 
 in the Cnion .\rmy, going out as sergeant in the 
 Kighty-third Illinois Infantry, and adjutant and 
 captain in the Sixteenth I'nited .States Colored In- 
 fantry lor two years and six months; county 
 attorney of Labette County in l.S(i9; elected pro- 
 bate judge of the county in l.'<70 and again in 
 1872: appointed judge of the eleventh judicial 
 district of Kansas in February, 187;{, and in 
 NovendK-rof that year elected for the unexpired 
 term; reelected in Novendx'r, 1874. and again 
 in November, 1878, holding the otliee for almost 
 ten years; elected to the Forty-eight, Forty-ninth, 
 Fiftieth, and F'ifty-lirst Congresses as a Kepubli- 
 can; appointed Cnited States Senator in 1.H92 to 
 till, mitil the election of his succe.-.sor. the vacancy 
 caused bv the death of Preston B. Plumb; died 
 .lune 20, "1.894, at Washington, I). C. 
 
 Perkins, Slias, was born at Norwich, Conn., 
 .\pril ."i. I7i>7; graduated from Yale College in 17."<ii; 
 studied law and practiced a short time; elected a 
 Kepresentative from Connecticut to the Seventh 
 Congress; served a.s judge of the New Londoti 
 County court until he became ineligible by age; 
 mayor of New London 1.829-18:)2; died at New 
 London, Conn., Sejiti inber 27, 1.84.i. 
 
 Perkins, George Clement, of Oakland, Cal., 
 was born at Kennebunkport, Me., in 18:j9: reared 
 on a farm, » ith limited educational advantages; at 
 the age of 12 went to s.a as a cabin boy: followed 
 this calling and that of a .><iilor for several yeaiv; 
 shipjied "before the mast" on a sailing ves.sel 
 bound for San Franci.sco, Cal., in 1.8.5.5; engaged iti 
 mercantile business at Oroville; sub-seijuently en- 
 gaged in banking, milling, mining, and the steam- 
 ship business, operating steamships on the coasts of 
 California, Oregon, Washington, British Cohnnbia, 
 -Vlaska, and Mexico; elected to the State senate in 
 18t>8, serving eight years; president of the Mer- 
 chants' F^xchange in San F'rancisco; al.so of the San 
 Francisco .\rtAs.«ociat ion; directorof the California 
 Academy of Sciences and other public institutions: 
 elected governor of I'alifornia in 1.S79, serving until 
 January, 1883; ai>pointeil a I'nited States Senator 
 July 24, 1893, to till, until the election of his suc- 
 ce.ssor, the vacancy caused by the death of Hon. 
 Leiand Stanford, and took his seat .\ugust 8. 1.S9:); 
 electt»il by the legislature on the first ballot in Jan- 
 uary, l.'>95, to till the unexpiriHl term: candidate 
 before the iieojile of California for reelection in 
 1,891) and received the indorsement of the Kepub- 
 lican county conventions that con\|iriseda majority 
 of t lie senatorial and assendily districts in the State; 
 when the legislature convened in joint convention 
 (Januarv, 1897) retdected on the first liallot: agsiin 
 reelected on the first ballot for the term of six 
 years in January, 1903. receiving every vote of the 
 kepublican members of the legislature: his ele<'- 
 tion made unanimous on motion of a Democratic 
 niemtierof the leirislature: at the time of his elec- 
 tion in 1897 and in 1903 absent from the State at- 
 tending Congressional duties in Wa.shington. 
 
 Perkins, George D., of Sioux City. Iowa, wits 
 born at Holly. Orleans County, N. 'V., February 
 29, 1.S40: moNcdatauiarly agelothe West: learned 
 the |iriiitcr's trade at lianiboo. Wis.: in connection 
 with his brother started the (iazetteat Cedar Falls 
 in l.>^(>0; enlisted as jirivate soldier, Com|«!»nv B, 
 Thirty-first Iowa, August 12, D<ti2; discharged from 
 Jefferson Barracks, Mo., January 12, 18(i.'{; inoveil 
 to Sioux City in 18ii9 and iKi-ame iilitor of the 
 ,Iournal: a member of the Iowa senate 1874-187l>: 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 739 
 
 appointed United States marshal for nortliern dit^- 
 trict of Iowa by President Arthur and removed by 
 President Cleveland; elected to the Fifty-second, 
 Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, and Fifty-fifth Congresses 
 as a Republican. 
 
 Perkins, James Breck, of Rochester, X. Y., 
 was born at St. Croix Falls, Wis., N<i\'ember 4, 
 1847; educated in the Rocliester common schools 
 and graduated from the Univer.'^ity of Rochester 
 in IStiT; admitted to the practice of the law in 
 December, ISiiS, and practiced his profession in 
 Rochester; elected city attorne_v of Rochester for 
 a term of two years in 1874, and reelected for a 
 second term in 1878; Jlr. Perkins lived in Paris 
 1890-1895, engaged in work on French history; in 
 1887 his France under Mazarin was published; in 
 1892, France under the Regency; in 1S97, France 
 under Louis XV, and in 1900 a Life of Richelieu 
 as one of the Heroes of the Nation Series; received 
 the degree of LL. D. from the University of Roch- 
 ester in 1897, and is a member of the National 
 Institutite of Arts and Letters; Mr. Perkins re- 
 turned to Rochester in 1895, and served in the 
 New York State assembly in 1898; elected to the 
 Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a 
 Republican. 
 
 Perkins, Jared, was a native of New Hamp- 
 shire; received a limited education at Winchester; 
 State councilor 1846-1849; served in the State 
 house of representatives; elected a Representative 
 from New Hampshire to the Thirty-second Con- 
 gress as a Whig; defeate<l for reelection to the 
 Thirtv-third Congress; dieil at Nashua, N. H., 
 October 14, 1854. 
 
 Perkins, John, was born in Louisiana July 1, 
 1819; graduated from Yale College in 1840; studied 
 law and began jiractice at New Orleans; traveled 
 in Europe; appointed a judge of the circuit cfiurt 
 in 1851; elected a Representative from Louisiana 
 to the Thirty-third CongressasaDeniocrat; served 
 in the Confederate Congress. 
 
 Perrill, Augustus L., was a native of Vir- 
 ginia; moved tu IJthopolis, Ohio; received a lim- 
 ited education; elected a Representative from Ohio 
 to the Tw-enty-ninth Congre.ss. 
 
 Perry, Aaron P., was born at Leicester, Vt., 
 January 1, 1815; received a limited education; 
 studied law and began jiractice at Columbus, Ohio, 
 and laterat Cincinnati; member of the State house 
 of representatives of Ohio in 1847-48; elected a 
 Representative from Ohio to the Forty-second 
 Congress as a Republican, serving from March 4, 
 1871, to 1872, when he re.signed; died at Cincin- 
 nati, Ohio, March 11, 1893. 
 
 Perry, Eli, was born at Cambridge, N. Y., 
 December 25, 1799; received a connnon school 
 education; commenced Ijusiness in Albany, N. Y., 
 in 1827, and continued until 1852; city alderman 
 two years; served in the State legislature; mayor 
 of Albany 1851-180o; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Foi'ty-second Congress as a 
 Democrat; reelected to the Forty-third Congre.ss; 
 defeated for the Forty-fourth Congress; died at 
 Albany, N. Y., i\Iay 17, 1881. 
 
 Perry, John J. , w'as born at Portsmouth, N. H. , 
 August 2, 1811; received a liberal education; 
 studied law and began practice at Oxford, Me., 
 member of the State house of representatives 1839- 
 1843, and of the State senate in 1846 and 1847; 
 elected a Representative from Maine to the 
 Thirty-fourth and Thirty-sixth CongTes.ses as a 
 Republican; delegate to the peace congress in 
 
 1861; edited the Oxford Democrat; moved to 
 Portland. 
 
 Perry, Nehemiah, was born at Riilgeheld, 
 Conn., March 30, 1816; received a classical educa- 
 tion; moved to Newark, N. J., and engaged in the 
 clotliing business; member of the State legislature 
 several years; elected a Representative from New- 
 Jersey to the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; reelected to the Thirty-eighth Congress. 
 
 Perry, Thomas, was born in ^laryland in 1808; 
 received a liberal education; studied law and 
 began practice at Cumberlan<I; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Maryland to the Twenty-ninth 
 Congre.ss as a Democrat; circuit judge 1S51-1861 
 and 1864-1871; died at Cundierland; ^Md.. June 
 27, 1871. 
 
 Perry, William Hayne, of Greenville, S. C; 
 was bi>rn at ( frecnville, S. C., June 9, 1837; re- 
 ceived his early education at Greenville Academy; 
 graduated fromtlie Furnian University, ( ireenviUe; 
 entered the SoutliL'arolinaCollege at Columl)ia, but 
 left there before graduation and entered Harvard 
 College, from whence hegraduated in 1857; I'eadlaw 
 with his father, at Greenville; admitted to the bar 
 and [practiced; served during the whole war of the 
 rebellion in the Confederate cavalry service; mem- 
 ber of the State convention of South Carolina in 
 1865; member of the State legislature of South 
 Carolina in 186.5-66; solicitor of the eighth judicial 
 circuit of South Carolina in 1868-1872; member of 
 the State senate of South Carolina from ( ireenville 
 County 1880-18,S4; elected to the Forty-ninth, 
 Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Persons, Henry, of (ieneva, Ga. ; was born in 
 Monroe County, (xa., in 1834; moved to Talbot 
 C'ounty, Ga., in 1836; graduated from the I'niver- 
 sity of Georgia in 1S55; farmer, never studied anv 
 profession; captain of cavalry in the Confederate 
 service; elected to the Forty-sixth Congress as a 
 Democrat; resumed the practice of law. 
 
 Peter, George, was born at Georgetown, D. C, 
 September 28, 1779; received a cla.ssical education 
 at Georgetown College; entered the V. S. Army 
 as second lieutenant iii the Ninth Infantry in July, 
 1799; transferred to the artillery and promoted, 
 and in May, 1808, organized and' commanded the 
 first light battery of artillery in the country; re- 
 signed June 11, 1809; elected a Representative 
 from Maryland to the Fourteenth Congress (vice 
 A. C. Houson, resigned) as a Democrat; reelected 
 to the Fifteenth Congress; served in the State 
 house of representatives; elected to the Nineteenth 
 Congress, and defeated for tlie Twentieth Congress; 
 died near Damestown, Mil., June 22, 1861. 
 
 Peters, John A., was born at Ellsworth, Me., 
 October 9, 1822; graduated from Yale College; 
 studied and practiced law; member of the State 
 house of representatives 1S62-1864; attorney- 
 general of the State 1864-1866; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Maine to the Fortieth Congress as 
 a Republican; reelecteil to the Forty-first and 
 Forty-second Congresses appointed a judge of the 
 supreme court of Maine m 1872; died in 1895. 
 
 Peters, IVTason Summers, of Kansas City, 
 Kans., was born in Clav Countv, Mo., September 
 3, 1844; educated at William Jewell College, at 
 Liberty, Mo.; admitted to the bar in 1875; moved 
 in 1886 to Wyandotte Oounty, Kans.; engaged in 
 the live-stock commission Ijusiness; served ftjur 
 years as clerk of the court of Clinton County, ^h). ; 
 elected to the Fifty-fifth Congress as a DeuKjcrat- 
 Ponulist. 
 
740 
 
 ('l)NHKK.SSI(i.N Al. DIKKl TOliY, 
 
 Peters, Richard, was Imrii near I'liiliiilel|>liia. 
 I'a., .Iiiiic -J. 1741; v'laclnalccl I'lom I'liiladi-lpliia 
 ('olU'iIf; sliicliiii law ami bryaii pnutiri.- at I'liila- 
 <U-l|>liia: i-iitcrcil the Kcvcihitiiniary Army lus cap- 
 tain, anil Hioii altiTwanls Iranslcrri'd hy ('ontrn'ss 
 to tliesi'iTi'tarv.-'liii' i>l' tlio hoard of war, wliirli In- 
 lilk'ilJnne 13,"l77i>. to.Inni'8, 17.S1; Di'lcnatc from 
 Pennsylvania to the Continental Con^rcsH 17SL'-S:{; 
 JMiliieiif the ilistri<t eowrt of I'ennsvlvania 17S!I- 
 1«L'S; ,lie.l al I'liila.Klpliia Anjrnst I'L', IXiS. 
 
 Peters, Samuel Ritter, of Newton, Kans., was 
 liorn in Walinit Township, I'ii'kaway County, 
 Clhio, Anyiist lt>, 1S4L'; reieiveil a omimon .«ehool 
 eilnration and almnt three years of a eollefriale 
 edneation; enlisted in the Army in the fall of 
 iNid, and mnstereil out in ,lnMe, IStio, havin-; held 
 sneeessively theotliees of serfieant, second lieuten- 
 ant, lirst lieutenant, ailjutaiit, and captain; elected 
 in the fall of IS74 to the State senate of Kansas; 
 appointed in Manh, 1S7."), jud>re of the ninth judi- 
 »-ial district; elected to the same juil<.'eship with- 
 out opposition in the fall of lS7r), and reelei-ted in 
 1^79: elected to tlie Korty-er^hth Coniiress as Con- 
 gressman at larjie from Kansas as a l-tepnhlican; 
 reelected to the Forty-ninth, Kiftieth, a;id Kifty- 
 lirst Congresses; resumed the iiractice of law. 
 
 Petrie, George, of Little Falls, X. Y., wa* a 
 native of thai State: received a coivnioii school 
 education; elected a l{ei)re.sentative from that 
 State to the Thirtieth Congress. 
 
 Petrikin, David, of Panville. Ta., was a native 
 of that Stall': received u liheral education: studied 
 law, anil practiced; held various local ollices; 
 elected a Keprcsentative from I'emisylvania to the 
 Twenty-litth Congress as a democrat; reelected to 
 the Tweiitv-sixth Congre-ss; died at Danville, I'a., 
 JIarch 1, 1H47. 
 
 Pettibone, Augustus H., of (ireenevi'le, 
 Tenn.. was horn al lUclford, Cuyahoga County, 
 Ohio, , January L'l, 1835; eduiated" at Hiram Col- 
 lege, Ohi(\ and at the I'nivei-sity of Michigan, 
 gr.iduating in l.S5!(; studied law, and entered jirac- 
 tice at UiCro.-'.-'e, Wis.; entered the Federal .\rmy 
 as a private in KSill; iirouiotcil to sei'ond lieu- 
 tenant, captain, and major of the Twentieth Wis- 
 consin Volunteers; resmued the practice of his 
 ]>rofession at ( ireeneville, Tenn.. at the close of 
 the retiellion in 1,S().5; electeil attorney-general for 
 the lirst judicial circuit of Teiniessee; I'residential 
 elector for the Fii-st Congre.-'sional district of Teii- 
 ne.s.si-eon the (irant and Colfax electoral ticket in 
 IStSS; for several yi'ars assistant I'nited States dis- 
 trict attorney for the ea-itern district of Tennes-ee; 
 elector for the State at large on the Hayes and 
 Wheeler ticket in \X7i>: elected to the Forty-seventh 
 Congre.-is as a Hepulilii-aii: reelected to the Forty- 
 eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses. 
 
 Pettigrew, Ebenezer, of Coolspring, X. C, 
 was a native of that State; received a eonnnon 
 school education; held various local ollices; electeil 
 a Keprcsentative from North Carolina to the 
 Twenty-fourth Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Pettigrew, R. P., of Sioux Falls, S. l»ak., was 
 Kirn at Lmllow, Vt., ,luly, IS4S; moved with his 
 j.arents to Kvansville, Uock County, Wis., in 1S.'S4; 
 attendeii the academy; entered Heloit College in 
 ISiitt; niendier of the "law cla.ssat the I'uiveivity of 
 Wisconsin in 1.><(W; went to Dakota in .luly. ISOSI, 
 in the employ of a I'nited States deputy survey<>r 
 as a laborer; located at Sioux Fall.-, in said Terri- 
 tory; engageil in (ioM'rMmenl surveying and real- 
 estate biwiness until 187."); engagi-d in the practice 
 of law; elected to the Dakota li-gislature as a mem- 
 
 ber of the council in 1M77 and reelected in 187!t; 
 electeil to the Forty-seventh Congress as a Hepuli- 
 liciu; elected to iheTerritorial council in 18H4 and 
 188.^; elected a Inited States Senator UctoU-r Ki, 
 I88tt, under the provisions of the act of Congre.-w 
 admitting South Dakota into the I'nion, and took 
 his seat December 'J, 1889; reelei-ted in 18;i5, serv- 
 ing until March .i. lilOI. 
 
 Pettis, S. Newton, was horn in Ashtabula 
 County, ( )hio, in I8L'8; receivi'd a lilH-ral educa- 
 tion; studied law, and in 1848 lieg;in practice at 
 Meadville. I'a. : as.'^ociate justice for the Territory 
 of Colorado l.siil-lil'; returned to Meadville, I'a!; 
 elected a Uepre.-^entative from I'ennsvlvania to 
 the Fortieth Congress ( vice W. .\. Finney, i\v- 
 ceased ) as a Uepuhlican, serving from Decendier 
 7, I8()8, to .March .{, 18(«t. 
 
 Pettis, Spencer, was born in Virginia in 1802; 
 received a lilieral education; studied law, and be- 
 gan practice al Fayette, Mo.; held various local 
 offices; elected a KepR\sentative from Mis.«ouri to 
 the Twentv-lirst Congress; died at St. Louis, Mo., 
 August l'ii,"ls;n. 
 
 Pettit, Charles, was born in New Jersey in 
 173G; ivceived a thorough F^nglish education; 
 studied law and adndtted to the bar; served .sev- 
 eral years as sci'retary of the State of New .Jersey; 
 a.ssistant quartermaster in the Revolutionary 
 Army; declined the |jromotion to (juartermaster- 
 (ieneral; hccame an imjiorting merchant at I'hila- 
 delphia; nuMnbcrof the State house of rej>re.-<enta- 
 tives; Delegate from I'ennsylvania to tiie Conti- 
 nental Congress 178.")-1787; died at riiiladelphia 
 September 4, 180ti. 
 
 Pettit, John, was born at Sacketts llarlwir, 
 N. Y., .luMc L'4, 1807; received a liheral cducalion; 
 studied law, and moved to Lafayette, Ind., where 
 he hegan practice in 18:18; served two terms as a 
 niemher of the Indiana State house of rei>re.-*nt- 
 atives; I'ldted States district attorney; elected 
 a Representative from Indiana to the Twenty- 
 eighth, Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth Congn's.ses 
 as a Democrat: delegsile to the State constitutional 
 convention in 18.')0: I'residential elector on the 
 Fierce and King ticket in 18.')^'; elecletl a Cnited 
 States Senator from Indiana ( vii-e ,Iames Whit- 
 coml), deceased), serving from .January 18, 18IS3, 
 to March 3, 18.i.'S; chief justice of the I'niteil States 
 courts in Kansiis; elected in 1870 su])reme judge 
 of Indiana; died at Ijifayette. Ind., January 17, 
 1877. 
 
 Pettit, John XJ., was a native of New York; 
 graduated from I'nion College in 1839: studiiil 
 law, and liegan practice at Wabash, Ind., in 1841; 
 consul to Maraidiam, Brazil. 1 8."i0- 1 S'l;! ; judge of 
 the circuit court: elected a Keprcsentative from 
 Indiana to the Thirtv-fourth Congress as a Repuh- 
 lican; reelected to the Thirty-lifth and Thirty six 
 Congn'.s.ses. 
 
 Pettus, Edmund Winston, of Selma, Ala., 
 was born in Limestone County, .Via., July (!. 18L'l : 
 eciiicatcil in the eonnnon schools of .Vlahama and 
 at Clinton College, in Smith County. Tenn.; 
 studied law; admitted to the bar in 1842 and com- 
 menced iiractice at (iainesville. Ala.; elected ."olic- 
 itor for the seventh cinuit in 1S44: .-crvi-d as a 
 lieutenant in the Mexican war; i-esigntnl the ollio- 
 of solicitor in 1849 and went with a party of his 
 neighlH)rs on horsehack to California; elected 
 judge of the seventh circuit after his return to 
 .\lahania in \Shn, hut resigned that ollice in 18.')8 
 and moved to Dallas County; resmncil the prac- 
 tice <if law; went into the Confederate army as 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 741 
 
 major of the Twentieth Alabama Infantry in 1861, 
 and soon afterwanls made lieutenant-colonel of 
 that regiment; made a brigadier-general of infan- 
 try in October, 1863, and served till the close of 
 the war in many battles; after the war returned 
 to his home and to the practice of law; in Novem- 
 ber, 1S9(), elected by the legislature of Alabama 
 a United States Senator as a Democrat for the term 
 commencing March 4, 1897; after his nomination 
 the opposition to his election was merely nominal ; 
 received the entire vote of his party, and more: 
 reelected 1908. 
 
 Peyton, Bailie, was a native of Sumner County, 
 Tenn.; received a liberal education; studied law, 
 and began practice at (Tallatin, Tenn. ; held vari- 
 ous local offices; elected a Rejiresentative from 
 Tennessee to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth 
 Congresses; minister to Chili 1849-1 S53; moved 
 to New Orleans; I'nited States attorney for Louisi- 
 ana; moved to California, and retm'ned to Ten- 
 nessee; Presidential electoron the Bell and Everett 
 ticket in 1860; died in 1878. 
 
 Peyton, Joseph H., was born in Sumner 
 County, Tenn., in 1813; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; studied medicine; practiced a short time, 
 and engaged in politics; held various local offices; 
 State senator; elected a RepresentatiTe from Ten- 
 nessee to the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig; 
 reelected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, but died, 
 before taking his seat, at Gallatin, Tenn., Novem- 
 ber 12, 1845. 
 
 Peyton, Samuel O., was born in BullittCounty, 
 Ky., in 1S04; received a liberal education; grad- 
 uate<l in medicine from the Transylvania I'niver- 
 sity in 1827, and began practice at Hartford, Ky.; 
 State representatixe in 183-5; elected a Represent- 
 ative from Kentucky to the Thirtieth Congress 
 as a Democrat; defeated for reelection to the 
 Thirty-first Congress; again elected to the Thirty- 
 fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses; died at Hart- 
 ford, Ky., January 4, 1870. 
 
 Phelan, James, of ilemphis, Tenn., was born 
 at Aberdeen, Miss., December 7, 1856; moved 
 with his father, the Clonfederate senator, to Jlem- 
 phis in 1867; received a private school education; 
 attended the Kentucky Military Institute, near 
 Frankfort, in 1871; entered the University nf 
 Leipsic, Saxony, in 1874; took the degree of Doc- 
 tor of Philosojihy in February, 1878; returned to 
 Memphis; studied law, and began practice in 1881; 
 elected to the Fiftieth Congress as a Democrat; 
 reelected to the Fifty-first Congress. 
 
 Phelps, Charles E., was born at Guilford, Vt., 
 May 1, 1833; moved with his parents to Pennsyl- 
 vania in 1837, and to Maryland in 1841; received 
 a classical education at Princeton; studied law, and 
 in 1855 began practice in Baltimore; held several 
 city ottices; entered the Union Army in 1862 as 
 lieutenant-colonel of the Seventh Regiment Mary- 
 land Volunteers, and in 1863 ])romoted to culonel; 
 l)revetted brigadier-general May 8, 1864; taken 
 prisoner, but recaptured by (jeneral Sheridan; 
 elected a Representative from JIaryland to the 
 Thirty-ninth Congress as a Union War candidate; 
 reelected to the Fortieth Congress as a Union Con- 
 servative candidate; retired to Baltimore and prac- 
 ticed his profession. 
 
 Phelps, Darwin, was born at East Granhy, 
 Conn. ; moved to Ohio, where he received a liberal 
 education at Western University; studied law, and 
 locate<l at Kittanning, Pa., where he began 
 practice in 1835; served one term in the State 
 house of representatives; delegate to the national 
 
 Republican convention at Chicago in 1860; elected 
 a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Forty- 
 first Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Phelps, Elisha, was born at Simsliury, Conn., 
 November 7, 1779; graduated from Yale College 
 in 1800; studied law, and began practice at Sims- 
 bury; served several years in both branches of the 
 State legislature, serving as speaker of the house 
 in 1821 anil 1829; elected a Representative from 
 Connecticut to the Sixteenth, Nineteenth, and 
 Twentieth Congresses as a Democrat; State comp- 
 troller 1830-1834; appointed a commissioner to 
 revise and codify the State laws in 1835; died at 
 .^imsliury. Conn., April 18, 1847. 
 
 Phelps, James, was born atColebrook, Conn., 
 .January 12, 1822; lawyer; member of the State 
 house of representatives 1853, 1854, and 1856, 
 and of the State senate 1858 and 1859; elected 
 a judge of the superior court of Connecticut in 1 863 
 for a term of eight j-ears, and reelected to a similar 
 term in 1871; elected a judge of the supreme court 
 of errors of the State in 1873, and resigned in 1875 
 upon his eleition to the Forty-fourth Congress; 
 member of the Forty-fifth Congress, and elected 
 to the Forty-sixth Congress as a Democrat; re- 
 elected to the Fortv-seventh Congress; died Janu- 
 ary 15, 1900. 
 
 Phelps, John Smith, was born at Simsbury, 
 Conn., December22, 1S14; graduateil from Trinity 
 College, Hartford, Conn.; studied law, and began 
 practice at Simsbury; moved to Springfield, Mo., 
 in 1843; served in the Mis.souri State house of rep- 
 resentatives; elected a Representative from Mis- 
 souri tothe Twentv-ninth, Thirtieth, Thirty-first, 
 Thirty-second, Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, thirty- 
 fifth. Thirty-sixth, and Thirty-seventh Congresses 
 as a Democrat; colonel in the Union Army; mili- 
 tary governor of Arkansas; defeated as the Demo- 
 cratic canilidate for the Thirty-eighth Congress; 
 governor of Missouri 1877-1881; died at St. Louis, 
 Mo., November 20, 1886. 
 
 Phelps, Launcelot, of Hitchcockville, Conn., 
 was a native of that State; received a common 
 school education; held various local offices; elected 
 a Representative from Connecticut to the Twenty- 
 fdurth and Twenty-fifth Congresses. 
 
 Phelps, Oliver, was born at AVindsor, Conn., 
 in 1749; received a liberal education; merchant at 
 tiranville, Mass. ; served in the commissary de- 
 partment of tlie Revolutionary Army; purchased 
 in 1788, with associates, 2,200,000 acres of land in 
 the Genesee Valley, New York, and his system of 
 survey liy township and ranges was adopted by the 
 General Government; purchased in 1795, with 
 others, 3,.300,000 acres of land in f)hio, known as 
 the Western Reserve; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Eighth Congress: judge of 
 the circuit court; died at Canandaigua, X. Y., Feb- 
 ruary 21, 1809. 
 
 Phelps, Samuel Shethar, was born at Litch- 
 field, Conn., Jlay 13, 1793; graduatc(l from Yale 
 College in 1811; studied law; .served in the war of 
 1812 as paymaster; began practicing at ^liddle- 
 bnry, Vt.; member of the legislative council in 
 1831; judge of the supreme court of Vermont 
 1831-1838; elected a United States Senator from 
 N'ermont as a Whig, serving from 18.39 to 1851 ; 
 appointed a I'nited States Senator (vice William 
 llphani, deceased"), serving from January 19, 18.53, 
 nntil the Senate decided, March 16, 1S54, that he 
 could not hold his seat bv appointment; ilied at 
 Middlebm-y, Vt., March 2.1 1855. 
 
742 
 
 CfiNcmKSSIoNAI. niKKCTOKV. 
 
 Phelps, Timothy G., \v:iV ii iintivo nf New 
 York: nci'iM-cl ;i lilnTal I'diicalioii; imivcil to ("iili- 
 foiniii mill Icicutiil ill Sail Mateo; cii'itcil a I{i'|)rt'- 
 K-ntativo from Caliloriiia lo tlic Thirly-sovi-iith 
 Conjirt-ss Of a Hcpithlican. 
 
 Phelps, William W., was Uorn in Oaklami 
 County, .Midi., ,liiiu> 1, IKL'li; Kiatluatcd from the 
 Tniversity of Micliipm in IS4li; slinlicil law, ami 
 in 1S4.S liJ'jran |>ra<'tii'('; cdili'il a ncw.'ipaixT IK")!- 
 1S,5.">; lifUl various iMiunty otlict'.f; a|i|>ointcil ri'^is- 
 tiToftlu' Initcil Stati's'land ottice at Kril Winn, 
 Minn.; i-K'itf(l a I{i'|>rc,>'cnlativ<' from Minnc.-^ota 
 to t ho Thirty-lift h ( '' in^rnss as a I >i'nii irral ; I n'c-amc 
 fclitor of till- K(m1 Willi; .Sfiitim-l in IMiO; dioil in 
 187:{. 
 
 Phelps, William Walter, was burn at New 
 York City Ani;iisl L'l, is.'lii; ;;iailiiali'il Iroiii Yali- 
 C'olli'j;!' in isHdand t'ohiniliia ('olk'frc Law School 
 inlSH.); rt'tireil from tlio imu-tice of law in IStiS, 
 refnsinj; a ju<l};eshii) offered hy (Jovernor ronton; 
 elected in 1>S72 a Kepresentative to the I'orty-tliird 
 Conjrress; candidate for reelection to the Korty- 
 foiirth Congress, but ilefeated by 7 votes; delegate 
 at lai-iie to the national Keiiublican convention at 
 Chicas;o in ISSO; also in 1SS4; sent as minister to 
 Austria in ISSI and relimiuislied the |iosition in 
 ISSL'; elected to the Forty-eighth. Forty-ninth, 
 and Fiftieth Cousjresses as a Republican; declined 
 a renoniination; at tlie Hi'publican national con- 
 vention in ISSH needed only a few votes to have 
 seeureil for him the nomination for Vice-l'resi<lent; 
 appointed in ISSlt by I'resideiit Harrison one of 
 the t'ommissioners to re]ireseiit the Iniled States 
 at the International ( 'onjiress on Ihe Samoaii (|nes- 
 tion, which met in lieriin; appointed miiiislrr to 
 (ierniany, Perviu}; until i.S!i,'!; appointed a special 
 judge of the court of errors and appeals of the 
 State of Xew Jersey; died .June 17, 1S94. 
 
 Philips, John F. , of Sedalia, Mo., was born in 
 iioone l-'ounly, Mo., December ;{|, 1H.'!4; educated 
 at the State I'niversity of Missouri ami at Centre 
 College, Danville Ky., graduatini; from the latter 
 institution in l.s.'i.">; studied law; member of the 
 constitutional convention of Mis.^ouri in ISiil; 
 commissioned colonel in ISti'J, and commanded a 
 rejriment of cavalry in Ihe Federal Army until the 
 ilose of the war; deiegati' to the national Demo- 
 cratic convention at New York in JSiiS; elected to 
 the Forty-fourth Conjiress as a Democrat; elected 
 January II), ISSO, to the Forty-.-ixth Congress as a 
 Democrat to till the vacancy occasioned by the 
 the death of .\. M. Lay; ajipointed I'nited States 
 judge of the western district of Missouri, by Presi- 
 dent Cleveland. 
 
 Phillips, Fremont Orestes, of Medina, Ohio, 
 was born at Ijjfayette, MiKlina County, Ohio, 
 March Hi, IS-Iti; moved to Medina in 1S7.S; re- 
 ceived his eilmation in the Meilina High School, 
 .Medina .N'ormal Siliool, and Keiiyon College; ad- 
 mitted to the bar in ISSO, and engaged in Ihe prac- 
 tice of law; held the ollici> of probate jiiilge of 
 .Medina County: electe<l to the Fifty-sixth Con- 
 gres.s. 
 
 Phillips, Henry M., was born at I'liiladelphia, 
 I'a.. .lime :1I1, isll; reci'ived a liberal education: 
 held various local ollices; elected a Ki'pre.-^entalive 
 from I'enn.sylvania to the Thirty-lift h Congress as 
 aDeniocrat; ilefeated forthe Thirty-sixth Congi-e.-is; 
 died -Vugust 3, 1SS4. 
 
 Phillips, John, of Hunimelstown, I'a.. was a 
 native of Chest<-r County, I'a.; received a limited 
 education; elected a Representative from I'ennsyl- 
 vauia to the Seventeentli Congreits as a Federalist. 
 
 Phillips, Philip, was born at Charleston, S. C., 
 Do'ciiiUt \'.i, I.SI)7; received a classical education; 
 studied law ami began practice at Charleston, 
 S. ('., December 14, ISL'H; member of the .South 
 t'aidlina State convention in 1K;{2; served two 
 vears as a member of the South Carolina State 
 legislature; moved to Mobile, .Ma., where he 
 resumed the practice of law; member of the 
 .Vlabama State legislature in 1S44 ami 1S.')I; 
 delegate to the national Democratic convention in 
 l.s.")2; elected a Kcpresentative from .Vlabama to 
 the Thirty-third Congress asa Democrat; dc-clined 
 a renoniination; resumed Ihe ])raetice of law at 
 Washington, D. C. 
 
 Phillips, Stephen Clarendon, was born at 
 Salem, Mass.. Xovember 1, IMII; graduated from 
 Harvard I'liivei'sity in ISISI; studied law, but 
 engaged in mercantile i>ursuits at Salem; served 
 inthe State houseof representatives l.Si;4-l.H2!(and 
 the senate in IS.'iO; electeil a Kejiresentative from 
 Massachusetts ti> the Twenty-third Coiigre.'is (vice 
 Hufus Choate, resigned) as a Whig: reelected to 
 the Twenty-fourth and Twi'iity-lifth Congre.s.ses, 
 serving from December 1, 1S:J4 to l.S.SS, when he 
 resigned; mayor of .Saleiii 18.JS-1.S4 2; defeated as 
 the Free Soil candidate for governor in 1S4S and 
 1.S49; engaged in the lumbering bu.sine.ss in Can- 
 ada: ilied on St. 1-awrcnce liiver June 26, 18.57. 
 
 Phillips, Thomas W., of Xewca.stle, I'a., was 
 born in that section <if HeaverCouiity now include<l 
 in Lawrence County, I'a., February '2'i, ISS.t; his 
 father died when he was 10 months olil; brought 
 upon a farm; educuited in the comnion .sihool.s, 
 siipiilemeiited liy ]irivate instnictinii; shortlyafter 
 the discovery of petroleum entered the oil busi- 
 ne.-^s iiiid in company with his brothel's became 
 prominently ideiililiiMl with the |>etroleuin indus- 
 try umlerthe lirm iiameof Phillips lirothei-s; w hen 
 the Producers' Protective .\ssociation was fornie<l 
 in 1887 elected president of thea.ssociation without 
 opiiosition, and continue<l to serve in that <-apacity 
 for three years; i>residentof the Citizens' National 
 Hank of Newcastle and president of the electric 
 street railway of the same place; member of the 
 board of trustees of Kethany t'i>llcge, AVest Vir- 
 I giiiia. and of Iliram Collei;e, (Hiio; elected to the 
 ' Fifty-third Congress as a Ueiniblican; reelected to 
 the Fifty-fourth Congress: meiiiberof the Imlnstrial 
 Commission, appointed by President McKinley. 
 
 Phillips, William A., was born at Paisley, 
 Scotland, January 14, 1826; immigrate<l to the 
 I'nited States in 1838 and located in New York 
 City; received a liniiteil eilucation: stmlieil and 
 practiced law; engaged innewspa|«'r work; niovetl 
 to Kansas; entered the Union Army in l.Siil as 
 major; .-ierveil in the Kan.«as .State legislature; 
 elected a Kepre.seiitativefrom Kansas to the Forty- 
 third. Forty-fourth, and Forty-tifth Congre.-^.ses as 
 a Kepublican. 
 
 Philson, Robert, wasa nalivi- of Irelaml; emi- 
 grated to till- I'liited States and located in Penn- 
 sylvania: received a limited education; held various 
 ollices; elected a Kepn^st'iilative from Pennsyl- 
 vania to the Sixteenth Congress. 
 
 Phister, Elijah Conner, of Maysville, Ky., 
 was born at that place Oi'tober 8, 1S22; educated 
 at the seminary of Hand and Hichardson. Mays- 
 ville, Ky., and at .\ugusla College. Kentucky, 
 from whii-h latter institution hegraduateil in .Vug- 
 ust, 1S40; studieii law, and commenced to practice 
 in 1S44; elected mayor of Maysville in ,lanuary, 
 1848; elected circuit judge in .Vugust, ls.')ii, in the 
 tenth ( now the fourteenth) judicial district of Ken- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 743 
 
 tucky, and pervert six years; elected to the legisla- 
 ture "o£ Kentucky from INIason County in August, 
 1867, served two \-ears, and reelected in August, 
 1>S69, serving until 1871; appointed by Governor 
 Leslie one of the commissioners to revise the stat- 
 utes of Kentucky in 1872, but declined; elected 
 in jS'iivendjcr, 187tS, to the Forty-sixth Congress 
 as a Democrat; reelected to the Forty-seventh 
 Congress. 
 
 Phcenix, J. Phillips, was a native of Jlorris- 
 town, X. J.; received a linnted education; mer- 
 chant in Xew York City; held several offices under 
 the city government; Presidential elector on the 
 Harrison and Tyler ticket in 1841 ; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New York to the Twenty-eighth 
 Congress as a Whiii; elected a member of the State 
 house of representatives in 1848; again elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Thirty-first 
 Congress; died in New York City, May 4, 1859. 
 
 Pickens, Andre'w, was born at Paxton, Pa., 
 Sejitendier 19, 1739; received a common-school 
 education; moved to South Carolina in 1752; 
 entered the Revolutionary Army as captain, and 
 attained the rank of brigadier-general; served in 
 the campaign against the Cherokee Indians in 
 1782; served several years as a member of the 
 State house of representatives; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from South Carolina to the Third Con- 
 gress; elected major-general of militia in 1795; 
 died in Pendleton District, S. C, August 17, 1817. 
 
 Pickens, Francis W. , was born at Tagaloo, 
 S. C, .\pril 7, 18115; received a liberal education; 
 studied law, and in 1829 began practice in Edge- 
 field District; engaged in i)lanting; served several 
 years as a member of the State house of represent- 
 atives; elected a Representative from South Caro- 
 lina to the Twenty-third Congress (vice George 
 JIcDuffie, resigned) as a Nullifier; reelected to the 
 Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, Twenty-Sixth, and 
 Twenty-seventh Congresses; niemlier of the State 
 house of representatives in 1844; delegate to the 
 national Democratic convention at Cincinnati in 
 1856; minister to Russia 1858-1860; elected Con- 
 federate governor of Soutli Carolina and took an 
 active part in the rebellion: died at Edgefield, 
 S. C, January 25, 1869. 
 
 Pickens, Israel, was born in Cabarrus County, 
 N. C, January 30, 1780; moved to Burke County, 
 N. C; received a limited education; State senator 
 in 1809; elected a Representative from North Caro- 
 lina to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth 
 Congresses as a Democrat; appointed register of 
 the land office of Mississi])pi Territory in 1817; gov- 
 ernor of Alabama 1821-1825; appointed a United 
 States Senator from Alaljama (vice Henry Cham- 
 liers, deceased), serving from April 10, 1826, until 
 December 21, 1S26; died near ^hitanzas, Cuba, 
 April 24, 1S27. 
 
 Pickering, Timothy, was born at Salem, Mass., 
 July 17, 1745; graduated from Harvard C<illegein 
 1763; studied law and began practice at Salem; 
 appointed a judge of the court of common ]ileas 
 for Essex County in 1775 and judge of the provin- 
 cial maritime court; entered the Revolutionary 
 Army as colonel; appointed Adjutant-General 
 ]\Iay 24, 1777; elected by Congress Quartermaster- 
 (ieneral (vice General Greene); Postmaster-Gen- 
 eral 1791-1794; appointed Secretary of War Janu- 
 ary 2, 1794, and Secretary of State December 10, 
 1795, holding the last position until May 10, 1800; 
 farmer in Pennsylvania; returned to !Massachu- 
 s^etts in 1802; defeated candidate for the Eighth 
 
 Congress; elected a United States Senator from 
 Massachusetts (viceD. Frjster, resigned) ; reelected, 
 serving from October 17, 1803, to March 3, 1811; 
 defeated for reelection by J. V. Varnum in 1811; 
 member of the executive council; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Massachusetts to the Thirteenth 
 and Fourteenth Congresses as a Federalist; re- 
 turned to his farm near Wenham, Mass.; died at 
 Salem, Mass., January 29, 1829. 
 
 Pickler, John A., of Faulkton, S. Dak., was 
 born near Salem, "Washington County, Ind., Jan- 
 uary 24, 1844; moved at the age of 9 years with 
 his father to Davis County, Iowa; entered the 
 Army at the age of 18 and served three and a half 
 years — two yeai-s in the ranks of the Third Iowa 
 Cavalry, and nmstered out as captain in that regi- 
 ment; subsequently served six months as major 
 of the One hundred and thirty-eighth United 
 States Iowa Cavalry; graduated from the literary 
 department of the Iowa State University in 1870, 
 and from Ann Arbor Law School in 1872; prac- 
 ticed law; elected district attorney of Adair County, 
 Mo., in the fall of 1872; moved t<j Jluscatine, 
 Iowa, in 1874; Garfield elector. Second district 
 of Iowa, in 1880; elected to the Iowa legislature 
 in 1881; moved to Dakota in 1883; elected to the 
 Dakota legislature in 1884, and elected to the 
 Fifty-first Congress as a Republican; reelected to 
 the Fifty-second, Fifty-third, and Fifty-fourth 
 Congresses; resumeil the practice of law. 
 
 Pickman, Benjamin, the third in direct succes- 
 sion of the .same name an<l lineage in Salem, JIass., 
 son of Benjamin and ]Mary (Tappan) Pickman; bom 
 there on September 30, 1763, and married October 
 20, 1789, Anstiss, youngest daughter of Elias Ilasket 
 and Elizabeth (Crowninshield) Derby; his grand- 
 father, for his eminent and efficient services in 
 promoting the expedition against Louisburg under 
 the conunand of Sir William Pepiierell, received 
 from the assembly of the colony of Jlassachusetts 
 Bay a valuable piece of jilate in token of their 
 approbation of his public spirit on the occasion; 
 jirepared for Harvard College in 1778, but, on 
 account of his youth, did not enter until 1780; 
 graduated in 1784; in the spring of 1784 went to 
 England, where his father was, and after traveling 
 there went to Fi-ance and passed a }-ear at Dijon; 
 returning to this country, studied law under Chief 
 Justice I'arsons, at NewViuryport, ami admitted to 
 the bar, but soon relinquislied the ]iractice of law 
 and engaged in commercial pursuits; his jiublic 
 services were numerous and important; on Febru- 
 ary 22, 1797, delivered an oration in Salem; repre- 
 sentative of his native town in the general court 
 in 1801-2, and again in 1812-13, and senator in 
 1802-1804; member of the executive council of the 
 State in 1805-6, 1898-99, 1813-1815, and 1819-1821; 
 drafted the answers of the house to the governor's 
 speeches in several sessions; represented the south 
 district of Essex County, ^Mass., in the Eleventh 
 Congress, serving from jlay 22, 1809, to March 3, 
 1811- urged to become a candidate for governor of 
 the State in 1816, but declineil; in 1820, memlier 
 of the convention to revise the constitution of the 
 Stateof Jlas.sachusetts; overseerof Harvard College 
 1810-1818; president of the directors of the Theo- 
 logical School at Cambridge, and on the 26th of 
 July, 1825, delivered an addre.-^s at the laying of the 
 cornerstone of the divinity hall of that institution; 
 president of the Salem Atheufeum, of the Bible 
 Society of Salem and its vicinity, of the Essex 
 Historical Society, and Fellow of the American 
 Academy of Arts and Sciences; died at Salem, 
 August 16, 1843. 
 
744 
 
 CONORKSSIONAL DIKPXTORY. 
 
 Pidcock, James Nelson, \va,s burn at Wliilc- 
 liiiiiso, lIiintiTilim Ciiunly, N. .1., I'Vliniarv 8, 
 18.!t); reoi'ivfilinlifitrict wliool t'llm-atidii; i-iipiiped 
 in i-ivil iMnriiifi'rinfj IS'iO-lS'iT; fanner ami deali-r 
 in live stoi-k after 1S57; 8tate si-nalor fnini llnn- 
 terdi.n ("nunly 1S77-IS,H(); eleetiil to tlie Forty- 
 ninth Conu'resH as a Penioiiat; reeloeteil to the 
 Fiftieth t'.in^'res'i; dieil in IWKJ. 
 
 Pierce, Charles W. , was horn in New York in 
 1S2;{; reeeiveil a liheral e<hiiati(in; niiived to IIH- 
 nois; ^ervell as lieutenant of Illinois volnnteer 
 infantry in tlie Fiiinn Army; after the war re- 
 niaineil in Alahania ami located at l)enioi>olis; 
 held various jmMie nfliees; elected a Kei>resenta- 
 tive fruMi Alaliaina tii tlu> I'cirtieth ('iai(;re!Js. 
 
 Pierce, Franklin, washorn at llillsboro, N. II., 
 Noveinher 2:), 1S04; K''i'dnated fmni liowdoin C'ol- 
 lefrein ISL'4; studied law and in 18L'7 lieiian iiractire 
 at Ilillslioro; member of the State hi>nse of repre- 
 senbHtives 1S29-183H, and served as speaker 1832- 
 188:5; elei'te<l a Representative fmni New Hamp- 
 shire to the Twenty-third and Twenty-funrtli 
 t'onpresses as a Denincrat; elected a I'nitcd States 
 Senator from X<'W HaMi|ishire in 18.S7, and served 
 until 1842, when he resifrned; resumed the jiractice 
 of law at (Vineord; served in tlie Mexican war as 
 colonel; commissioned luifiadier-freneral in JIarch 
 1847 and remained in Mexico until the close of the 
 war; niendier of the New Hampshire State consti- 
 tutional conventidn in hSoO, and its president; 
 electeil I'resident of tlu' rnite<l States, receiving 
 254 electoral votes ajiainst 42 vntcs I'nr Winlield 
 Sc(»tt,servin}.'fr<im March 4, 185.!. tn March 3, 1857; 
 died at t'onconl. N. 1!., (tct<ilier8, 18tiit. 
 
 Pierce, Gilbert Ashville, was born at F,ast 
 Otto, Cattaraujrus County. N. Y.; emigrated to 
 Indiana in 18.54; attended Chicafio I'niversity 
 and studied two years in the law department 
 of sai<l institution; enlisted in Company II, Ninth 
 Indiana Volunteers, at the first call of the I're.s- 
 ident, an<l elected second lieutenant of .said com- 
 jiany; at the expiration of the three months' 
 service apiiointed aca|itainand assistant iiuarter- 
 ina.ster by I'resident Lincoln; was at I'aducah, I'orl 
 Ponelson, Shiloh, (irand < iulf, and Vicksliurg. and 
 entered the city at the cajitme, on .Inly 4, !8(),S; 
 jiromoted to lieutenant-colonel in NovendxT, 18(i,'!; 
 appointed a colonel and inspector, and special com- 
 missioner of the War l)ej)artment; was at Hilton 
 Head ami l'oeotalij;o, S. ('., and thence ordered to 
 the Department of the (iulf, where he served till 
 f)etober, l,Sti5; meniber of the Indiana lejrislature 
 in 1808; a.«ssistant linancial clerk of the Ciiitcd 
 States Senate 18()i(-l,s71 ; resigned to accept an eil- 
 itorial jiosition on the Chicago Inter-<)c<'an; served 
 as a.ssociate eilitor and inanasrinp editor of that 
 paper for twelve vears; became connected with 
 the Chicago News in 1,88.'?; appointed governor of 
 Pakota in .Inly. 1.884, which position lie rcsipnecl 
 in November, 18.80; at the meetinn of the legisla- 
 ture of the State of North Dakota in NovemlK'r, 
 18,8f|, nnanimoiisly nominated by the llepnblicans 
 a I'nili')! .states Senator, and electe<l the following 
 day; died in Chicago, HI., February l.i, 1901. 
 
 Pierce, Henry liillie, was born at Stoughlon, 
 Ma.'is., August 2:;, 1.S25; received a cla.ssical educa- 
 tion; manufailiirer; lielil various Imal ollices; 
 member of the,s;tate house of representatives l.sdd- 
 1800; mayor of Hoston 1873; elected a Represen- 
 tative fnini Ma..isai-husetts to tlie Forty-lhinl Con- 
 gres.s as a Hepublican (vice William Whiting, 
 deceased); reelected to the Forty-fourth Congress; 
 declined a renomination; mayor of Hostonin 1878; 
 die<l at 1'oslon, Mass., December 17, 1890. 
 
 Pierce, Joseph, was elected. a Reni-ceentative 
 from New Hampshire to the Seventh Congress; 
 resigned in 1802. 
 
 Pierce, Rice A., of Cnion City, Tenii., was 
 born at Dresden, Weakley County, Tenn., .July 3, 
 1848; received an academic education; obtained 
 license to practice law from the supreme court at 
 Raleigh, N. C, in .luly, I8(!S; began praitiee at 
 I'nioii City, Obion County, Tenii., in 1,8()9; elefttil 
 district attorney-general of the twelfth juiliiial cir- 
 cuit in 1874; reelccteil in 1878 for the full term, 
 eight years; received tli<' Democratic nomination 
 and elected to the Forty-eighth. Fiftv-lirst. Fiftv- 
 second. Fifty-tilth, Filty-si:{th, Fifty-seventh, aiid 
 Fifty-eighth Congres.ses as a Democrat. 
 
 Pierce, William, was born in Georgia about 
 1740; received a liberal education; served in the 
 Revolutionary Army with distinction ami receive<l 
 a sword from Congress; Delegate from (ieorgia to 
 the Continental Congress 17.80-87; delegate from 
 (ieorgia to the convention which framed the Fed- 
 eral Constitution; died about 180(i. 
 
 Pierson, Isaac, was born in Fs.-ex County, 
 N. ,1., August 15, 1770; graduatol from Princeton 
 College in 17.'^9; studied medicine and began prac- 
 tice at Orange, N. ,1.; elected a I\eprese;itative 
 from New .lersey to the Twentieth and Twenty- 
 first Congresses; died at Orange, N. ,1., September 
 22, 1,833. 
 
 Pierson, Jeremiah H., was a native of Essex 
 
 County, N. .1.: received a liberal education; stnd- 
 iedand practiced law; moved to Ramapo. N. Y.; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Seventeenth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Pierson, Job, of Schaghticoke, X. Y., was a 
 native of New York: receivecl a <-oinmon school 
 education; helil several local ollices; elected a 
 Rejiresentative from New York to the Twenty- 
 .secoiid and Twenty-third Congre.sses. 
 
 Pierson, John J., of Mercer, Pa., was elected 
 a Uejirescntative from Pennsylvania to the Twenty- 
 fourth Congress (vicc.lohn Hanks, resigned I, and 
 served from December 5, 1.8:?0, to March 3, 1837. 
 
 Pigott, James P., of New Haven, Conn., was 
 born inthatcity ; graduated from Yale, academic, in 
 1878, ami law school in l.ssO; lawyer: chairman of 
 the Stale delegatiim to the Democratic national 
 convention in 1888; lOected to the Fifty-third Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; resumed the practice of law 
 at New Ilaxeii, Conn. 
 
 Pike, Austin F., was born at Hebron, N. H., 
 October 14, 1819; received an academic eilucation; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar of Merrimack 
 County in .luly, 1845; actively practiced: member 
 of the New Hampshire house of rejiresentatives in 
 18.50, 1.851, 1852, 1.805, and 1800, and speaker of tlie 
 hou.-'e the last two years; memlKT of the New 
 Hampshire .senate in 1857 and 18.58. and president 
 of the senate the last vear; delegate to the Phila- 
 delphia convention wiiich nominated (ieneral Fri'- 
 inont in 18.5(>; elected a Representative to the 
 Fortv-thiril Congress, serving from DecemlH'r 1, 
 1873,' to March 3, 1875; elected tr. the Fnited States 
 .Senate as a Republican, to succe»'d K II. Rollins, 
 Republican, and took his .M'at December 3, \SS:i, 
 serving until his deatli, at Franklin. N. H., Octo- 
 iK-r 8. 18.S0. 
 
 Pike, Frederick A., was Ixirn at Calais, Me., 
 December 9, 1817; received a thorough F.tiL'lisli 
 education; stialied law, and in 1.840 In-gaii praclici' 
 at Calais; one year edited the Calais Adverli.ser; 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 r45 
 
 served a number of years as a member of the State 
 legislature, and one year as speaker of the house; 
 proset'uting attorney for Washington County; 
 elected a Representative from INlainetothe Thirty- 
 seventh, Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth 
 Congresses as a Eepnliliean; again elected to the 
 State legislature; defeated as the Liberal Repub- 
 lican candidate for the Forty-third Congress; died 
 at Calais, Me., liecember 2, LSS6. 
 
 Pike, James, was born at Salisbury, Mass., 
 November, 1818; received a classical education; 
 studied theology and grailuated from the Wesleyan 
 University, Conn.; minister 1841-1854; moved to 
 New Hampshire; elected a Representative from 
 New Hampshire to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty- 
 fifth Congresses as an American; after lea\'ing 
 Congress resumed preaching and became presiding 
 elder of the Dover district. 
 
 Pile, William A., was liorn near Indianapolis, 
 Ind., February 11, 182H; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; studied theology and preached: member of 
 the JMissouri conference; entered the Union Army 
 in 1861 as chaplain of the Missouri Volunteers; 
 took command of the light battery in 1802; pro- 
 moted to the rank of brigadier-general, and served 
 until the close of the war; elected a Representative 
 from Missouri to the Fortieth Congress as a 
 Republican; defeated for reelection; governor of 
 New Mexico 1869-70; minister resident to Vene- i 
 zuela 1871-1874, when he resigned: died at Mon- 
 rovia, Cal., .July 7, 1889. 
 
 Pilsbury, Timothy, was born at Newbury, 
 Mass., Ajiril 12, 1789; attended tlie pulilic. schools; 
 captain of a brigade on a cruise to Europe; located 
 in JMaine; served in the Maine legislature, and a 
 member of the executive council; defeated for 
 Congress; moved to C)hio, thence to Louisiana, 
 and thence to Brazonia, Tex. ; served in the house 
 of representatives and the senate of the Republic 
 of Texas; elected a Representative from Texas to 
 the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses as a 
 Calhoun Democrat; defeated for reelection; died 
 near Danville, Tex., Novend)er 23, 1858. 
 
 Pinckney, Charles, was born at Charleston, 
 S. C, March 9, 1758; received a classical educa- 
 tion; studied law and began ])racticein 1779; mem- 
 ber of the provisional legislature 1779-80; taken 
 prisoner by the British in 1780; Delegate to the 
 Continental Congress 1777-78, and again in 1784- 
 1787; also a meuiber of the United States consti- 
 tutional convention in 1787; member of the State 
 constitutional convention in 1788 and 1790; gov- 
 ernor of South Carolina 1789-1792 and 179t>-1798; 
 elected a United States Senator from South Caro- 
 lina as a Democrat, serving from 1797-1801; min- 
 ister to Spain 1803-1805; member of the State 
 legislature 1806; governor of South Carolina 1806- 
 1808; again a member of the State legislature 
 1810-1814; elected a Representative from South 
 Carolina to the Sixteenth Congress as a Democrat; 
 died at Charleston, S. C, October 29, 1824. 
 
 Pinckney, Henry Laurens, was l)orn at 
 Charleston, S. C., September 24, 1794; graduated 
 from South Carolina College in 1812; studied law, 
 and began practice at Charleston; mendier of the 
 State house of representatives 1816-18.S2; mayoi 
 of Charleston; elected a Representative from 
 South Carolina to the Twenty-third Congress as a 
 ■Whig; reelected to the Twenty-fourth Congre.ss; 
 again mayor of Charleston 18:^9-40; collector of 
 the jiort of Charleston; died at Charleston, S. C, 
 February 3, 1863. 
 
 Pinckney, Thomas, was born at Charleston, 
 S. C, (")ctol'er 23, 1750; graduated from Oxford 
 Unixersity, England; studied law at the Temple 
 at London; admitted to the bar. and began prac- 
 tice at Charleston, S. C, in 1773; major in the 
 Revolutionary Army, and captured at the battle 
 of Gum Swamp in 1780; governor of South Caro- 
 lina 1789-1792; minister to (ireat Jiritain .January 
 12, 1792, to July 28, 1796; minister to Spain No- 
 vember 24, 1794, to Ni>vember, 1795; elected a 
 Representative from South Carolina to the Fifth 
 Congress (vice William Smith, re.signed), as a 
 Federalist; reelected to the Sixth Congress; ap- 
 pointed major-general in the war of 1812, and 
 served throughout tlie war; died at Charleston, 
 S. C, November 2, 1828. 
 
 Pindall, James, was a native of ^'irginia; re- 
 ceived a common-school education: held various 
 local offices; elected a Representative from Mrginia 
 to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses as a Fed- 
 eralist, serving from 1817 to 1820, when he resigned. 
 
 Pindar, John S., of Cobleskill, N. Y., was born 
 at Sharon, Schoharie County, N. Y., November 
 18, 1835; educated in tlie common schools and at 
 RichmondvilleSeminary; studied law with Me.«srs. 
 Young & Ramsey, ami admitted to the Ijar in 1865; 
 elected presiilent of the village of Cobleskill in 
 1882, 1S8.S, and 1884; chairman of the Democratic 
 county committee for ten years; elected to the 
 Forty-ninth Congress as a Democrat; resumed the 
 practice of law at Cobleskill, N. Y. 
 
 Pinkney, "William, was born at Annapolis, 
 Md., March 17, 1764; received a classical educa- 
 tion; studied medicine, liutdid not practice: stud- 
 ied law, and began practice in Harford County; 
 member of the State constitutional convention in 
 1788, and of the State house of delegates in 1789; 
 elected a Representative from ^Maryland to the 
 Second Congress, but objection was made on ac- 
 count of nonresidence, and he resigned; member 
 of the executive council of Maryland 1792-1795; 
 again a memlier of the house of delegates in 1795; 
 one of the commissioners at London under Jay's 
 treaty 1796-1804; attorney -general of Maryland 
 1805; joint minister to Great Britain with James 
 Monroe 1806-1807, and minister pIeni|iotentiary 
 1807-1811; returned to Baltimore in 1811; served 
 in the State senate; Attorney-General of theUnited 
 States 1811-1814; wounded at the battle of Bladens- 
 burg; elected a Representative from Marvland to 
 the Fourteentli Congi-ess, serving from January 8, 
 1816, to April 23, 1816, when he resigned, having 
 been appointed minister to the Two Sicilies; min- 
 ister plenipotentiary to Ru.«sia 1816-1818; elected 
 a United States Senator from Maryland ( vice A. C. 
 Hanson, deceased), serving from "January 4, 1820, 
 until his death, at Washington, D. ('., Februarv 
 25, 1822. 
 
 Piper, William, of Pcmisylvania, was elected 
 a Representative from that State to the Twelfth, 
 Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses. 
 
 Piper, William A., was born in Franklin 
 County, I'a., in 1825; received a common school 
 education: moved to St. Louis, Mo.; served in the 
 Mexican war; moved to California in 1848 and in 
 1849 located at San Francisco, -ndiere he engaged 
 in mercantile pursuits: elected a Representative 
 from California to the Forty-fourth Congre.-:s as a 
 Democrat; defeated for reelection. 
 
 Pirce, William A., of Olneyville, R. I., was 
 bornat Sc-ituate, K. I., Fcliruary"29, 1824; attende<l 
 district schools and worked in the mills and on the 
 farm alternately until 18 years old, then attended 
 
74f. 
 
 tUMOHKSSlUNAI, DIKKCToKY. 
 
 till- Smillirii'Ul Si'iiiinary for nine niontlis; taught 
 wliiHil; i-miiliiycd ti» liiki' i-li;ii>;c nl tlu' Siiiiiiiiiiis- 
 villc lactiiiy t-lnu', hiiyiiiji ami .-illiiit; ^'<Mnlsaiicl 
 ki'c|piiii; the lK)i)ki<; cnniiiifiu'cil the MianuliK-turc 
 ol colldii Konds ill 1S.'>4, ami imiliniUMl tin' Imsiiu'ss 
 iiiilil l.sti:!; a|>|>c>iiit>'<l a>sfs<i)r uf internal ri'Vi-niU' 
 lor till' ci-coml district ol Kliode Island in IStr.', 
 wliicli position ho lu'l<l until May, IsTIi; chosen 
 State senator from the town of .lohnston in IMoo; 
 electc<la nicndier of the State house of rei>resenta- 
 tives in ls">S, ISliL', lS7(t, issd, an.l issl : and a^rain 
 elected State senator in ISSL'; chairman of the 
 Rhode Island delegation in the Uepnlilican na- 
 tional convention at Chica^'o in ISSd, and ineintier 
 of the Kei>ul)lican national eonnnittee, ISSO aii<l 
 1SS4; elected to the Korty-nintli (.'oiijrress as a Ke- 
 inililican; his seat was declared vacant Jannary 25, 
 1887. 
 
 Pitcher, Nathaniel, was born at Litchfield, 
 Conn., in 1777; received a limited education; 
 moved to Sandy Hill. X. Y.; several years a inein- 
 her of the State house of rejjreseiitative.s; delegate 
 to the State constitutional convention of 18i;i; j 
 lieutenant-governor of New York in ISl'tl and 
 acting; jiovernor (vice ( iovernorCliuton, deceased ). 
 l.'<27-18-!i; elected a Kepresentative fniui New 
 York to the Sixteenth. Seventeenth, and Twcnty- 
 .secoiid Congresse.'* as a Democrat: < lied at iSandy 
 Hill, X. Y., May 2r>, 183(5. 
 
 Pitkin, Timothy, was horn at Farminjrton. 
 Conn., .huuiary L'l. 17ti.i; frraduated from Yale 
 Colle;:e in 178.t; studieil la\. and l)e<;aii practice at 
 New Haven; several years a member of the State 
 house of representatives and live years speaker; 
 elected a Kejiresentative from Connecticut to the 
 Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, 
 Kourteenth, and Fifteenth Con>;resses; died at 
 Xew Haven, Conn.. Decenil>er 18, 1847. 
 
 Pitman, Charles W., was a native of New 
 Jei-sey; received a common .school education; 
 moved to I'ott.sville, Pa.; elected a Uepresentative 
 from rennsvlvania to the Thirtv-lirst Conjjres.'^ as 
 a WhiL'. 
 
 Pitney, Mahlon, of ^lorristt)\vn, X. .J., was 
 l)oru in that city Fel)ruaryr>, 18.i8; entered Prince- 
 ton C>>lle<:ein 187.1 and jiraduated in 187SI; studied 
 law for thri'e years, and admitted to the bar in 
 1S.S2; never a candidate for i)ublic ollice until 
 18!M. when elected to the Filly-fourlh Con<;ress as 
 a Hepublican; reelected to the Fifty-lifth Congress; 
 resigned .lanuary 10, 18!I9, taking his seat as a 
 State senator in Xew Jersey. 
 
 Plaisted, Harris M., was born at Jefferson, 
 X. 11., Xovember 2, ISL'S; received a liberal e<Iu- 
 catioii; studied law. and in Is.Mi bewail practiie at 
 Bangor, Me.; siMVed in the I'lMou .\rniy as colonel, 
 brigadier-general, aiul major-general by brevet; 
 iiiendier of the State le<;islature in 1.8t>7 and I8H8; 
 delegate to the Kepnblican national convention at 
 Chicago in 1.8i>8; attorney -genend of Maine in 
 187:{, 1874, and 187,t; elected a Representative 
 from >hiine to the Forty-fourth Coiigres-s (vice 
 Samuel F. IIere.sev, decea.se<l), serving from De- 
 cember »j, 1875, to' March a, 1877; ilied in 18i>S. 
 
 Plant, David, was a native of Stratford. Conn.; 
 graduated from Yale College in 1804; member of 
 the State house of representatives 181!t-L'0, and 
 its speaker: State senator 1.8'.M-I8L':J; lieulenaiit- 
 yovernor of Connecticut 18"j:i-1827; elected a 
 Representative fpim Comiecticut to the Twentieth 
 Congre.v-: .lied at Stratl'or.l. Conn.. OctolnT IS. 
 1.851. 
 
 Plants, Tobias A., was born in Heaver County, 
 I'a.. .March 17, IMl; receivi-d a limited education; 
 studieil law and began jiractiieat Pouieroy, (Jhio; 
 serveil several years us a nu'inU-r of the State 
 legislature; elected a Uepresentative from Ohio to 
 the Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses as a 
 Federalist. 
 
 Plater. George, was born in Maryland in 17.'}(i; 
 graduated fmrn William and Mary College In 
 17.'>.S; studieil law and bigan practice at .-\mia|>olis, 
 .Md.; delegate from Maryland to the Continental 
 Congress 1778-1781; president of the State c<uisti- 
 tutional conveutioii which ratilied the Federal 
 Constitution; governor of Marylan<l in 1792; ilied 
 at Annapolis, >bl., February 10, 17!I2. 
 
 Plater, Thomas, was a native of Annapolis, 
 Mil.; receive.l a limited education; studied and 
 practiced law; hi^ld several local otiices: elected a 
 Represeiitiitive from .Marylan.l to the Seventh an<t 
 Kiglith Congresses. 
 
 Piatt, James H., jr., was born at St. Johns, 
 
 Canada, July l.'i, ls:>7; his parents were American 
 citizens and residents of \'enuoni; received a lib- 
 eral education; grailuateil from the meilical depart- 
 ment of the ("niversity of Vermont in 18.59; 
 entered the t'nion Army in 18(il as first .si-rgeant 
 of the Third Vermont Volunteers; served a-s cap- 
 tain; prisoner: appointeil lieutenant-colonel ami 
 assigned to duty as chief ciuarternia-^ter of the 
 .^i.\th Corps, ami ileclined; settled in Petersburg, 
 \'a., April t>, 18tj5; elected a member of the con- 
 stitutional convention of Virginia in ls(i7; moveil 
 to Xurfolk; elected a Representative from Virgirda 
 to the Forty-first. Forty-second, and Forty-thir.l 
 Congre.s.aesas a Republican; defeated as the Reimb- 
 lican candidate for the Fortv-fonrth Congress. 
 
 Piatt, Jonas, was born at Poughkeepsie, 
 N. Y., June 'M. 17(iy; received a limited educa- 
 tion; stuilied and practiced law; held various 
 local ollices; elected a Representative from Xew 
 York t'> the Si.\th Congress; appointed a justice 
 of the supreme court of Xew York Februarv 2'.i. 
 1814; died at Peru. N. Y., February 22, 18.54." 
 
 Piatt, Orville H., of West Meriden, Conn., 
 was biun at Washington, Conn., July 19, 1827; 
 received an acadendc education; studied law at 
 l.itchlield; admitted to the bar in 1.849, and jirac- 
 tieed at Meriden; clerk of the State house of Con- 
 necticut in 18.55-.5(i; .secretary of slate of Connect- 
 icut in 1857; member of the ."^tate senate in 
 18l)l-<i2; member of the State house of repre.senta- 
 1 fives in I8()4 and 1.8i!9, serving latter year as 
 speaker; elected to the I'luted States Senate as a 
 Republican, to succeed William H. Harnum. Dem- 
 ocrat (who had been electeil to till the vacancy 
 occasioned by the death of Orris S. Fi'rry, Reiiub- 
 lican); took his seat March 18, 1879; ivelecled in 
 18.85. 1891, 1897, and 1!M«. 
 
 Piatt, Thomas Collier, of Owt-go, X. Y.. was 
 b.irn there .luly 15. l,s:{:!; prepareil for college at 
 the ( twego .\caileiiiy: meiiiU'r of the clas" of {s^t'.i 
 of Yale Cnlle._'e. but was compelled to give up the 
 course ill that institution on account of ill health; 
 ' re<-eivcd the honorary degree of .M. .\. from that 
 college in 187ti; entered mercantile life, and active 
 therein; president of the Tioga National Rank 
 at its oiyaiiization; became largelv interested 
 ill the luiubering business in Miihigan; county 
 clerk of the county of Tu>ini 1.8.59-18l>l ; .•lecti-<'l 
 to the Fortv-thiril ami Forty-fourth Coinrre.s.ses; 
 elected rni'ted States Senator January 18. 1881, 
 and resigned that otiice May Hi of the same year; 
 chosen se<Tetarv and director of the Unileil States 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 747 
 
 Express Company in 1S79, and in 1880 elected 
 president of tlie company; meml^er and president 
 of the boawl of qnarantine connnissionerg of New 
 York from 1880 to 1888; delegate to tiie national 
 Republican conventions of 187(i, 1880, 1884, 1888, 
 1892, 1896, and 1900; member of the national Re- 
 publican committee; elected Fnited States Senator 
 in 1896; took his seat March 4, 1897; reelected 
 .Tauuarv 21, 1903, to succeed himself, for the term 
 ending'ilarch 3, 1909. 
 
 Piatt, Zephaniah, was born in Dutchess 
 County, X. Y., in 1740; received a thorough Eng- 
 lish education; studied law and practiced; a Dele- 
 gate from New York to the C<mtinental Congress 
 1784-1786; district judge for several vears; died at 
 Plattsburg, N. Y., September 12, 1807. 
 
 Pleasants, James, was born in (ioochland 
 County, Va., ()ctolier24, 1769; received a classical 
 education: studied law and began practice at 
 Gioochland; a State representative in 1796; elected 
 a Rejireseutative from Virginia to the Twelfth, 
 Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Congresses 
 as a Democrat; elected United States Senator from 
 A'irginia (vice J. W. Eppes, resigned), serving 
 from December 14, 1819, to March'l, 1822, when 
 he resigned to become governor of Virginia; dele- 
 gate to the State constitutional convention 1829-30; 
 died near Goochland, Va., November 9, 1836. 
 
 Plowmai;, Thomas Scales, of Talladega, Ala., 
 was Vioru June 8, 184.'!; joined the Confederate 
 army in ilay, 1862; enlisted in Company F, Fifty- 
 first Alabama Cavalry, and was engaged in all the 
 battles of the regiment from Murfreesboro to 
 Atlanta; severely wounded at the battle of Atlanta 
 on July 22, 1864; after the war engaged in the 
 mercantile business; three times mayor of Talla- 
 dega; represented his district at the national ccm- 
 ventiiiii in St. Louis in 1888; memberof the Jletho- 
 dist church; frequently represented his church at 
 the annual conferences and at the general confer- 
 ence; for a number of years president of the first 
 national bank of Talladega, which he organized; 
 elected to the Fifty-fifth Congress as a Democrat; 
 his seat successfully contested by W. F. Aldrich, 
 who was seated Fel)ruary 9, 1898. 
 
 Plumb, Preston B., was born in Delaware 
 County, Ohio, October 12, 1837; received a com- 
 mon school education; learned the art of printing 
 and afterwards aided in establishing the Xenia 
 News: moved to Kansas in 18.i6; established the 
 Emporia News; njeniber of the Leavenworth con- 
 stitutional convention in 18.59; admitted to the bar 
 in 1861 ; elected to the lower house in 1862 and 
 was chairman of the judiciary committee, and 
 subsequently reporter of the supreme court; in 
 August of the same year entered the service as 
 second lieutenant in the Eleventh Kansas Infantry, 
 and served succe.ssively as captain, major, and 
 lieutenant-colonel of that regiment; meud)er and 
 speaker of the Kansas house of representatives in 
 1867, and also a memljer in the following year; 
 having relinquished the practice of law on account 
 of failing health, he becauie president of the Em- 
 poria Xational Bank in 1873; elected to the I'nited 
 States Senate as a Republican, to succeed James 
 M. Harvev, Re]iublican, and took his seat March 
 4, 1877; reelected in 1883 and 1888; died Decem- 
 ber 20, 1.891. 
 
 Plumb, Kalph, of Streator, 111., was born at 
 Busti, Chautau(|ua County, X. Y., March 29, 1816; 
 educated in common schools; bronglit up a mer- 
 chant's cierk, and a merchant for eighteen years; 
 elected m 185.5 a member of the lower house of 
 
 the Ohio legislature; studied law and admitted to 
 practice; served four years in the Union Army as 
 captain and quartermaster of volunteers during the 
 civil war, and brevetted lieutenant-colonel; en- 
 gaged in coal mining and railroad building; mavor 
 of Streator 1882-1885; elected to the Forty-ninth 
 and Fiftieth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Plumer, Arnold, of Franklin, Pa., was a na- 
 tive of that State; received a liberal education; 
 elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Twenty-fifth C<;)ngress as a Democrat; elected to 
 the Twenty-seventh Congress. 
 
 Plumer, George, of Robbstown, Pa., was a na- 
 tive of .Ulegheny County, Pa.; received a limited 
 educaticjn; elected a Representative from that 
 State to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nine- 
 teenth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Plumer, William, was born at Newburyport, 
 IMass., June 25, 17.59; moved with his parents to 
 Epping, N. II., in 17()8; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; studied hiw, ami began practice in 1787 at 
 Epping; held various local positions; serve<l eight 
 years in the State house of representatives and two 
 years as speaker; president of the State senate tor 
 two years; mendjerof the State constitutional con- 
 vention in 1791-92; belli various offices; elected a 
 LTnited States Senator fmm New Hampshire (vice 
 James Sheafe, resigned), serving from December 6, 
 1802, to March 3, 1807; governor of New Hamp- 
 shire 1812-13 and 1816-1819; Presidential electorin 
 1820; devoted the remainder of his life to literary 
 pursuits; died at Epping, N. H., December 22, 
 18.50. 
 
 Plumer, William, was born at Ep])ing, N. H., 
 October 9, 1789; graduated from Cambridge Col- 
 lege in 1.S09; studied law and admitted to the bar, 
 but never practiced; served several years in both 
 branches of the State legislature; elected a Repre- 
 j .sentative from New Hampshire to the Sixteenth 
 I Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the Seven- 
 teenth and Eighteenth Congresses; member of the 
 constitutional convention in 1850; died at Epping, 
 X. H., September 18, 1854. 
 
 Plummer, Franklin E., was a native of Vir- 
 ginia; received a liberal education; studied law 
 and began practice at AVestvilie, Miss.; held 
 various local offices; elected a Representative from 
 Mississippi to the Twenty-second and Twenty- 
 third Congresses; died at .Jackson, Miss., Septem- 
 l)er 24, 1,802. 
 
 Poe, Washington, was elected a Representa- 
 tive from Georgia to the Twenty-ninth Congress 
 as a Whig; did not take his seat, and resigned. 
 
 Poehler, Henry, of Henderson, Miun.,was born 
 at Lippe-Detmolil, Germany, August 22, 1833; re- 
 ceived a common school educatiiin; emigrated to 
 the United States in April, 1.848, and .settled in 
 Iowa; moved to Henderson, Sililey County, Jlinn., 
 in 1853; engaged in mercantile business; elected a 
 member of the first State legislature in 1857-58, 
 and reelected in 1865; elected State senator for 
 1872-73, and reelected for 1876-77; elected to the 
 Forty-sixth Congress as a Democrat; ilefeated for 
 reelection; in 1886 was Democratic candidate for 
 State treasurer, and was defeated; in 189i) mo\ed 
 to Los Angeles, Cal. 
 
 Poindexter, George, was born in Louisa 
 County, \"a., in 1779; received a liberal education; 
 studied law, and began practice in the Territory of 
 Mississip]ii in 1802; held various offices; elected a 
 Delegate from Mississippi Territory to the Tenth, 
 Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses; United States 
 
74S 
 
 roNtiKKSSIUNAL DIKKCTOKY. 
 
 district jii(l);i" fur the Territory; served in tlie war 
 iif ISIL'; elretiil a Keiiresciitative I'mm Missitvipiil 
 to the I'il'leeiitli I'un^iress; ^joveriupr oi Mississl|i|ii 
 181(t-IH21; appoiiiteil I'tiiteil States Senator, vice 
 R. II. Aiiaiiis, ileeeasecl; siil>sei|uently electe<l, 
 BerviiiK from l>eeeiiil>er t>, IS.{0, to Mareli .'1, IS.'!'>; 
 moved to Keiitiuky and practiced law at l^»xin)r- 
 ton; returned to .Iiickson, Miss.; <lied at .laekwjn. 
 Miss., Septeiidier ."), lSi:{. 
 
 Poinsett, Joel Roberts, wa.s born at Charles- 
 Ion. S. I'., Manli 1', IT"!!; received u lilieral eilu- 
 eation: studied nieilicincin ICnnipe; .sent to South 
 Auierii'a hy I'residi-nt Madison in ISllil td iiivesti- 
 pate the prospei-ts of the revolutionists there; re- 
 turned to South Carolina: lieM various local 
 otiices; elected a Kepreseutative from Sonth Caro- 
 lina to the Seventeenth and Kitthleenth ( 'onpres.so.s 
 as a Federalist; minister to .Mexico 1S2.1-1S2(I; 
 Secretarv of War under I'resident Van Hureii 
 18:i7-lK41; died at Statehnrc. S. C, i)<-<end)er V2. 
 1S.51. 
 
 Poland, Luke P., was born at Westford, Vt.. 
 Xovemher 1, IKl-'i; received only a common school 
 and academic e<lucation; studied law. ami ad- 
 mitted to the har in Decendn'r, ISSd; re;;ister of 
 probate in ISSll ami l.S4(l, and prosecutiuf; attor- 
 ney of Lamoille I'ounty in 1.S44 and I,S4."i; mem- 
 berof the constitutional convention in lS4:i; elected 
 a judire of the suiiremo court of Vermont in 1.S4H, 
 and elected annually eis;hteen tiine.s, bec-onuu}; 
 chief justice in l.HtiO; in Novend)er, ISti."), resijrned 
 the office of chief justice and accejited an ajvpoint- 
 ment to the Senate of the Tnited States to till the 
 vacancy caused by the death of .lud;re Collamer; 
 serveil in the Senate lhriiu;.'h iheThirly-ninth Coii- 
 grcfs; elected to the Fortieth, Forty-lirst, Forty- 
 secon<l, and ■ Forty-third Conjrre.ssi's; elected to 
 the Vermont house of representatives in IKV.S; 
 elected by the legislature a trustee of the Uni- 
 versity of Vermont anil State .\t;ricultural Collej;e; 
 received thedepree of iloctorof laws frnni the I'ni- 
 versity of Vermont in 18t)l; president of the First 
 National JSank of St. .lohnsbury for twenty years; 
 chairman of the general louncil and executive 
 committee of the National Har .V.ssociatiou, elected 
 to the Forty-eiphth Cnnpress as a Kepublii'an; 
 declined a renomination; died at his countrv jilace 
 in Waterville, Vt., .luly 2. 1,HS7. 
 
 Polk, James Knox, was born near Little .Su-rar 
 Creek, Mecklenliurp County, N. ("., November 2, 
 17!I.t: moved w ith liis parents to Tennessee in bSOti; 
 graduated from the I'uiversity of North Carolina 
 in l.sis with the highest honors; studied law, and 
 in 1.S20 admitted to practice; served in the Ten- 
 nessee State legislature lS2li-lS2.i: elei-teil a Hepre- 
 Fen tat i vefromTeTuussee tot he Nineteentli( 'impress 
 as a Democrat; reeh'cled to theTwentielli.Twiiity- 
 first. Twenty-second. Twenty -third, T went y-ldurtii, 
 and Twenty-lifth Conpresses, serving as Speaker 
 from DecemlK'r 7, 1H:{."i; povernor of Tennessee in 
 l,'*:?!!; elected IVesident of the United States in 
 1H44 as a Democrat, servinp from l.*<4.Tto l.S4it; de- 
 clined a renomination; died at Nashville. Timhi.. 
 ,Iune 1."), 1,S49. 
 
 Polk, Rufus King:, wils born in Maury County, 
 Tenn.. .VuL'Ust 2.!. \SiM\: cilucateil at Webb's .\cail- 
 emy, Culleoka, Temi., and Lehiph University. 
 South Bethlehem. I'a., pr.idnatinp as inininp enpi- 
 ntH-r; served its lirst lieutenant Company F. Twelfth 
 Itepimeiit I'enusylvania Volunteer Inlanlry. in the 
 war with Spain; interested in the mamifaitnre of 
 iron and steel as peneral maiu\per of the Danvilli' 
 lJe,s.s<-mer Company ; electi'il a Uepresentative from 
 I'ennsvlvania to the Fiftv-sixth and I'iftv-seveiith 
 
 Conpresst>s as a Democrat, .servinp until his death 
 at I'hiladelphia, I'a., March .5, 1!I02. 
 
 Polk, Trusten, wiis bom ni Su.ssex County, 
 Del., M;(y 2!i. IMl; praduated fr.jin Vali' Cidlepe 
 in l.s:il; studied law and bepan jiractice at St. 
 Louis, .Mo., in 18:!o; a delepate to the MiKsouri 
 Stat«- constitutional con vent ion in l.M-'i; inaupurated 
 as povernor of Mis.souri in .January. l.s.')7. but soon 
 afterwards resipned; elected a United States S<Mia- 
 tor from Missouri as a Demoi-rat, s«-rvinp from 
 March 4, 18.")7, to .latniary 10, 1,S((2, when he wa.s 
 expelled for ilislovaltv; died at St. Louis. Mo., 
 April It), 1876. 
 
 Polk, "William H. ( brother of .lames K.Polk), 
 was born in Maury County, Tenn., May 24, 181.5; 
 prailuatud fnuu the University of Tenne.s.«ee; 
 studied lawauil bepan practiceat Cohuubia in 18.'J!t; 
 minister to Naples 184.5-1847: major in the Mexi- 
 can war 1847-48; elected a l{e[iresentative from 
 Teniies.see to the Thirty-secOnd Conpre.ss iis a 
 Democrat; op|iosed seceasion; died at Nashville, 
 Tenn., December 1(5, 1802. 
 
 Pollard, Henry M., was born at I'lymouth, 
 \'t., ,Iuiie 14, ls:;t>: prailuated from Dartmouth 
 Collepe in lS;'i7; served in the Union Army as ma- 
 jor of the F.iphth Hepiment of Vermont Volun- 
 teeiT-; moved to Chillieothe, Mo., in 18tj.5; electe<l 
 a Kepreseutative from Missouri to the Forty-lifth 
 Conpress as a Kepublican. 
 
 Pollock, James, was born at Milton. I'a., Sep- 
 ttMuberU, 1810; prailuated from Princeton Collepe 
 in 1831; studied lawaml practiced; resided at Mil- 
 ton; a jndpeof the court of ci>mmon pleas; elected 
 a Representative from Pennsylvania to thcTwenty- 
 eiphth Conpress its a Whip, vice Henry Frick. de- 
 ceased; reelected to the Twenty-ninth and Thir- 
 tieth Conpre.sses; elected governor of Pennsylvania 
 as a Union Repoblican. servinp from 18.'i.i-18.i8; 
 delepate to the peace convention at Witshinpton, 
 D. C, inl8t>l; director of the mint at Philadel|>hia 
 1.8til-18(;7; died at Lock Haven. Pa., April 1!», 1890. 
 
 Polsley, Daniel, was born near Fairmount, 
 Va., Novend)er 2S. l.sO.'S; received a liberal edm-a- 
 tion; studied law and pnicticed several years; 
 became a farmer; member of the West Virpinia 
 constitutional convention in l><t>l; elected gov- 
 ernor of the loyal State of Virpinia in IStH; elected 
 judpe of the seventh judiciai district of West Vir- 
 pinia; elected a Representative from West Virpinia 
 to the Fortieth Conpre.ss as a Republican; died at 
 Point Pleasant, W. Va., October 14, 1876. 
 
 Pomeroy. Charles, was born at Meriden, 
 Conn.. September .'i. 182.'); received a liberal e<lii- 
 catiou; studied law and piiK'ticed; enpaped in farm- 
 ing; moved to Iowa in I.S.").i; a Presidential elector 
 from Iowa on the Lincoln ticket in \X<y«: apiMiinted 
 receiver of the Unittnl States land ollii-e at Fort 
 Dodpein 1861; elected a Representative from Iowa 
 to the Forty-lirst Conpress as a Republican. 
 
 Pomeroy, Samuel Clark, was born at South- 
 ampton. Mass., .lanuary S, 1816; pradualiil from 
 .\mherst Colli'pe, Ma.s.sachnsett.s; moveil to New 
 York, w here he resided several years and returned 
 to Ma.s.sachusetts; held various local otiices; mem- 
 Iht of the lepislature in I.S.52; movt>il to Kansas in 
 1S.")4; settled in IjiwrtMice ami in \S.YJ wa-s its 
 mayor; delepate to the national Republican con- 
 veiition of ls.")l)and ISdO; elected a ('uited States 
 .•senator from Kan.sas in l.'^til and apain in 1867; 
 defeateil as a candidate for the Uniteil Stati-s .Smi- 
 ate in 1873 died at Whitinsville, Mass.. -Vupust 
 •27, 18<)l. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 749 
 
 Pomeroy, Theodore M. , was born at t'ayuga, 
 N. Y., i)ecfnilifr 31, 1824; received a classical 
 education and graduated from Hamilton College, 
 IS'ew York; studied law and practiced; district 
 attorney of Cayuga County lS50-18nG; member of 
 the general assembly of Xew York in IS-',?; elected 
 a Representative from New York to tlie Thirty- 
 seventh, Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth 
 Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Pond, Benjamin, was born in New York State; 
 received a limited education; a State representa- 
 tive 1S08-1810; elected a Representative from New 
 Y'ork to the Twelfth Congress as a Democrat ; again 
 elected to the Fourteenth Congress, but died \w- 
 fore taking his seat, at Schroon Lake, N. Y., June 
 14, 1815. 
 
 Pool, John, was born in Pasquritank Countv, 
 N. C, June 16, 1826; graduated from the Uni- 
 versity of North Carolina in 1847; studied law 
 and practiced: elected a State senator in 1856, 
 1858, 1864, and 1865; was a member of the State 
 constitutional convention in 1865; elected a United 
 States Senator from North Carolina in 1865, but 
 not permitted to take his seat; aaain elected in 
 1S6S, and served until March 3, 187o; died at Wash- 
 ington, D. C. August 18, 1884. 
 
 Poole, Theodore L., of Syracuse, N. Y.. was 
 born at Elbritlge, Onondaga County, N. Y., of 
 New England ancestry, April 10, 1840; educated 
 in the common schools of his native county; en- 
 listed as quartermaster-sergeant in the One" hun- 
 dred and twenty-second "Regiment New York 
 Vohmteers July, 1862; wounded at the battle of 
 Cold Harbor, Va., June 1, 1864, losing his left 
 arm; discharged as captain and brevet ujajor July 
 3, 1865; county clerk of Onondaga County 1868- 
 1870; United States pension agent for the western 
 district of New York from 1879 to 1888; com- 
 mander of the Department of New York, (irand 
 Army of the Rejuiblic, 1892; engaged in the 
 manufacture of salt and interested in various 
 manufacturing and other corporations; director of 
 the Bank of Syracuse; elected to the Fifty-fourth | 
 Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Pope, John, was Ijorn in Prince William 
 County, Va., in 1770; received a liberal education; ' 
 studied law, and moved to Springfield, Ky., where 
 he began pi-actice; served several years as a jnem- 
 ber of the State house of representatives; a Presi- 
 dential elector on the Jefferson ticket in 1801; 
 elected a United States Senator from Kentucky as 
 a Democrat, serving from 1807 to 1813; TerritoVial 
 governor of Arkansas 1829-1835; returned to 
 Springfield, Ky.; elected a Representative from 
 Kentucky to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and 
 Twenty-seventh Congresses as a Deinocrat; de- 
 feated for reelection to the Twenty-eighth Con- 
 gress; died at Springfield, Ky., July 12, 1845. 
 
 Pope, Nathaniel, was born at Louisville, Ky., 
 January 5, 17.S4; graduated from the Transvlvaiiia 
 University; studied law and in 1804 located at St. 
 Genevieve, JIc, where he began ])ractice; moved 
 to Springfield, III., and appiiinted secretary of 
 the Territory of Illinois in 1809; elected a Dele- 
 gate from that Territory to the Fourteenth and 
 Fifteenth Congresses; appointed United States 
 judge for the district of Illinois in 1818, and held 
 that position until he died, at St. Louis, Mo., Janu- 
 ary 23, 1850. 
 
 Pope, Patrick H., was born in 1S08; resided 
 at Louisville, Ky.; elected a Representative from 
 Kentucky to the Twenty-third Congress as a Dem- 
 
 ocrat; defeated for reelection to the Twenty-fourth 
 Congress; died at Louisville, Ky., May 4, 1841. 
 
 Poppleton, Early F., was born in Richland 
 County, Ohii>, September 29, 1834; received a 
 classical education; studied law and began prac- 
 tice at Elyria, Ohio; elected to the Ohio State 
 senate in 1870; elected a Repre.sentative from Ohio 
 to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses as 
 a Democrat. 
 
 Porter, Albert G., was Ijorn at Lawrenceburg, 
 Ind., Ajjril 20, 1824; graduated from Asburv Uni- 
 versity in 1843; studied law and in 1845 "began 
 practice at Indianapolis; held various local offices; 
 reporter of the Indiana supreme court in 1853; 
 elected a Representative from Indiana to the 
 Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Congresses as a 
 Republican; appointed "First Comptroller of the 
 Treasury March 5, 1878; died in 1897. 
 
 Porter, Alexander, was born in Irelatnl in 
 1786; came to the Uniteil States while quite voung; 
 with his uncle, and located at Nashville, Tenm; 
 receiveda limited education; studied lawand began 
 practice at Attakapas, La.; delegate to the con- 
 vention which framed the State constitution ; juilge 
 of the State supreme court for fifteen )-ears; elected 
 a United States Senator from Louisiana as a Whig 
 (vice J. S. Johnston, decea.sed), serving from Janu- 
 ary 6, 1834, to January 5, 1837, when he resigned; 
 again elected to the Lhiited States Senate, serving 
 from December 4, 1843, to Januarv 13, 1844, when 
 he died at Attakapas, La. 
 
 Porter, Augustus S. , was l:)orn at Canandaigua, 
 N. Y., January 18, 1798; grailuated from Union 
 College in 1818; studied law and began practice at 
 Detroit, Mich.; mayor of Detroit in 1838; elected 
 a United States Senator from Michigan as a Whig, 
 serving from December 2, 1839, to March 3, 1845- 
 moved to Niagara Falls, N. Y., in 1848, and died 
 there September 18, 1872. 
 
 Porter, Charles H., was born at Cairo, N. Y. ; 
 received a liberal education; studied law and be- 
 gan practice in Greene Countv; entered the Union 
 Army in 1861; moved to Norfolk, A'a.; held va- 
 rious local offices; member of the constitutional 
 convention of Virginia in 1867 and 1868; elected a 
 Rejiresentative from Virginia to the Forty-first and 
 Forty-second Congresses as a Re|iublican; defeated 
 for reelection to the Forty-third Congress as the 
 Independent candidate. 
 
 Porter, Gilchrist, was a native of Virginia; re- 
 ceived a limited education; moved to Bowling 
 Green, IMo.; elected a Representative from Mi.s^ 
 souri to the Thirty-seconcl Congress as a Whi"; 
 defeated as the Whig candidate for reelection to 
 the Thirty-third Congress; elected to the Thirtv- 
 fourth Congress. 
 
 Porter, James, was born at Williamstown, 
 Mass.; graduated from Williams College; studied 
 lawand began practice at Skaneateles, N. Y. ; .served 
 two terms in the State house of represeu'tatives; 
 elected a Representative from New York t(.) the 
 Fifteenth Congress; register of the court of clian- 
 cery at Albany, where he died. 
 
 Porter, John, was a native of Pennsylvania; 
 received a limited education; elected a Re'pre.sent- 
 ative from Pennsylvania to the Ninth Congress 
 (vice M. Leib, resigned); reelected to the Tenth 
 and Eleventh Congresses. 
 
 Porter, Peter Buel, was born at Salisburv, 
 Conn., August 4, 1773; graduated from YaleCollege 
 in 1791; studied lawand began practice at Canan- 
 
■r)(i 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIKKCTciKY, 
 
 <l;iiniia, X. Y.: holil various local oliices; elected 
 a Ut'inffciitative frinii New York to the Kleventh 
 ami Twclltli Ooiijrresi'es a." a IkMiKicrat; cervoil as 
 n iiiajor-tieiuT.il in the war of LSTJ; elei'ted to the 
 Kourteentli Coiitiresi, serviii;; from |ie<'eiiil)er 4, 
 1S15, to ISIfi, when lie rcsisriieil; (iccretary of state 
 of New York ISlo-lii; appoiiilecl l)y .loliii t^iiincy 
 AdaiiiH Seeretarv of War, .-erviiin from 182S to 
 ismt; (lie.l at Niiipira Falls, N. Y., Mareh 20, 1844. 
 
 Porter, Timothy H., was a native of Xew 
 IlavcM, t'onn.; received a liberal education; stuil- 
 ied law and liciian jiractice at Olean, N. Y.; lueni- 
 l>er of the State house of representatives ISltl-lT, 
 and the Slate senate ISL'.'!; eleclcil a Representa- 
 tive from New York to the Nineteenth Congress; 
 ajtain a mendierof the Slate senate ],SL'S-ls:{l, and 
 ofthe State house of representatives 18.S8-1840. 
 
 Posey, Thomas, was horn in Yirfrinia .July 1', 
 IT.'iO; received a limite<l eilucation; held various 
 local otiices; served in the French and Indian 
 war, also the Kevolutionary war; appointed hrij;- 
 ailier-fieneral in IT'J.S; nioveil to Kentucky; served 
 in the State senate; served as lieutenant-irovernor 
 of Kentucky for four years; nioveil to Louisiana; 
 apjHiinted a Tnitcd States Senator from Louisiana 
 (vice John N. l>estrahan, resigned 1, serving; from 
 I)ecemher 7, ISlL', to I'ehruary 5, lSi:i; governor 
 of Indian TerritDry in 1S1:>, anil appointed Indian 
 agent in Isliiand held the position until his death 
 at Shawneetown, 111., March 19, 1818. 
 
 Post, George A., of Suscpiehanna IViH>t, I'a., 
 was horn at Cnlia, .\lle<jany County. N. Y., Sep- 
 tenilier 1, 1S.54; received an academic education; 
 for several years lillcd the ]Misition of secretary of 
 the motive power department of the Krie Railway; 
 studied law and a<lmitted to practice; one of the 
 owners and e<litors of the >lontrose democrat; 
 elected l>ur>;essof Siis<|uehanna I'epot in February, 
 1877, and served one year; a candiilatc for I'resi- 
 dential elector on Ihe llcmncratic ticket in 18S0; 
 elected to the Forty-ei;;hlh ('oi\^;ress as a Demo- 
 crat; moved to New York City an<l entered the 
 rtiilroad business. 
 
 Post, Jotham, was a native of New York; 
 pradnated fnmi Cohnnbia College; member of 
 the State house of representatives 1794-1707; 
 elected a Kepre.sentative from New York to the 
 Thirteenth Congre.us as a Fe<leralist. 
 
 Post, Morton E., of Cheyenne, \Vyo., wius 
 iKirn in Monroi' County, N. Y., Decendjer 2.'\ 
 1840; rec»'ived an aiademic eilu<ation; emigrated 
 to Colorado in ISliO, and in lS(i7 move<l to that 
 jMjrtion of I)akota now Wyoming; elected county 
 connni.-isioner of I^ramie County in 1S70 and 
 reelecteil in 1872 without opposition; elected a 
 mendier of the lei-islative council in 1S7S; engaged 
 in Imsine.-^s as a banker and slock grower; elected 
 to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses 
 a-s a Oeinocral; moved to southern California. 
 
 Post, Philip Sidney, was horn at Florida, Or- 
 ange Ciiunly, .\". Y., March 19, l.s:{:t; received a 
 ela.-'sical education, gra<lnating from Union College. 
 Schenectady, N. Y., in ^Sr>r>■, enlereii the I'ough- 
 keepsie law schiml; ailmitled toihe bar in Illinois 
 in 1S.tU; entered the I'nion .\rmy in l.stil as Si'coud 
 lieutenant. Fifty-ninth Illinois Infantry; appi'inted 
 
 adjutant .July 21, ISCl ; pr oted ti> major .lanuary 
 
 1, I.Sii2; .•severely wo\mded at Ihe bailie nf I'ea 
 Ridge, Ark., Manh 7, ISli'-'; promoleM t.i cohmel 
 March Id, bsdu'; assigni'd to the command ni the 
 First Brigade, First division, Tweiitielh .\rmy 
 Corps, Army of the Cnmli^rland, October 1, l.st>2; 
 transferred tolluM'nnnnand of the Second Brigade, 
 
 Thinl l>ivision. Fourth .\rmy t'orps, .\ugn-l, 18(i4, 
 anil connnandeci thedivisionat the battle of Love- 
 joy Station; desperately wounded by a grajie shot 
 at' the battle of Nasliville, Decem'lx'r Hi. 18li4; 
 promoted on the same day brigadier-genei-al by 
 brevet; in command of western Texas in 186.5; 
 appointe<l consul to Yienna in 18ii(i; promote<l 
 consul-general to Austria-Hungary ls74; resit;ne(l 
 in ls79;connnander Department of Illinois, lirand 
 .\rmv of the Repidilic, in ISSii; eleited to the 
 F-iftieth, Fifty-first, F^ifty-.-econd, Fifty-thinl, ami 
 Fifty-fourth Congre.-:.''es as a Republican, .serving 
 until his death .January (J, 189,i. 
 
 Poston, Charles D., was born in Hardin 
 County, Ky., Ajiril 2il, 182.t; attended the public 
 schools; moved to California in 18.i0 and loi-ated 
 at San Francisco; clerk in the custom-house at 
 San Franii.sco for four years; moved to Arizona 
 in 1S.")4; superintendent of Indian affairs; electe<l 
 a Delegate from Arizona to the Thirty-eighth 
 Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Potter, Allen, was born in Saratoga County, 
 N. Y., October 2. 1818; received a eonnnon school 
 education; moved to Michigan in l.'<38; located at 
 Kalamazoo in 1S4.t; engaged in manufacturing and 
 banking; held various loial olfices; electeil a Reii- 
 resentative from Michig-an to the Forty-fourth 
 Congress as an Inde])endent candidate, nominated 
 by tlie Democrats and Liberals. 
 
 Potter, Clarkson Nott, was born at Schenec- 
 tady, N. \.. April 2.'S, 182."); graduate<l from I'nion 
 College in 1842; graduated from Rensselaer Insti- 
 tute as a civil engineer in 1.843; survevor in Wis- 
 consin; studieil law and began practice in New 
 York City in 1.847; elected a Representative from 
 New York; to the Forty-first, Forty-secon<l, Forty- 
 third, and I•^lrtv-tifth Congre.sses as a J>emocrat; 
 died at New Yoik City .January 23, 1882. 
 
 Potter, Elisha Reynolds, was bom at South 
 Kingston, R. I., November .5, 17(>4; blacksmith, 
 farmer, and soldier; studied law and began prac- 
 tice at South Kingston; served several yeai-s as a 
 mend>er of the State house of representatives: 
 elected a Repre.sentative from Rho<Ie Island to 
 the Fourth Congress (vice B. Bourne, resigned) as 
 a Federalist; reelected to the Fifth Congress, serv- 
 ing from December 19, 1796, to 1797; when he 
 resigned; elected to the F.leventh, Twelfth, and 
 Thirteenth Congres.-ies ; defeated as a candMate for 
 governor of Rhode Island in 1818; died at South 
 Kingston, R. L. SeptendxT 2l>, 183.1. 
 
 Potter, Elisha K., was born at Kingston, R. I., 
 .Jiuie 20, 1811; graduated fnvni Harvard College in 
 1H:{0; served several years as a niendn-r of the 
 Stale house ot representatives; adjutant-general of 
 the State in 1.h:!.t and ]XM\: ele<ted a Representa- 
 tive from Rhoile Island to the Twenty-eighth 
 Congre.'^s as a Whig; State commissioner of public 
 schools l,Mli-l.s.">4, when he resigned; judge of the 
 Rhode Island sujireme court, March U>, 18t>S, to 
 his death. April 10, 18,82. 
 
 Potter, Emery D., was a native of Ohio; stud- 
 ied law and began practice at Tole<lo, Ohio; held 
 several local ottices; elected a Repre.'ientative from 
 Ohio to the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; elected to theThirty-lirst Congress; <listrict 
 judge of the Territory of Ctah. 
 
 Potter, John F., wa.« Ixirn at Augusta, ^le.. 
 
 May 11, 1817; received a chu'sical education: stuil- 
 
 ied'law and in 18.">7 In'gan practice at Fjist Tmy, 
 
 I N. Y.; serviMl one term in the State hous«' of rep- 
 
 I resentafives; electtnl a Representative from Wis- 
 
BIOGRAPHIKS. 
 
 751 
 
 consin to the Thirty-fifth ("ongrent' as a Republican; 
 reelected to the Thirty-sixth ami Thirty-seventh 
 Congresses; -defeated as the Republican candidate 
 for reeleetitin; appointe<l consul-general of tlie 
 United States to the British Provinces in North 
 America; died in 1S99. 
 
 Potter, Orlando B., was born at t'harlemont, 
 Mass., ilarrh 10, ISL'H; educated at district school, 
 Williams College, and Dane Law School, Cam- 
 bridge; admitteil to the bar at Boston, Feliruary 
 12, 1848; practiced law in Boston and ^liddlesex 
 County, Mass., live years, during which time he 
 became interested in manufacturing; moved to 
 New York in 1853; continued there in active and 
 extensive business until 1876, when he withdrew 
 from manufacturing and connnercial business and 
 devoted himself to farming and to the care and 
 improvement of his property in New York; on 
 August 14, 1861 , he laid before Secretary Chase the 
 plan for our national banking system; nominated 
 for Congress in the Tenth Congressional district 
 of New York in 1878, but defeated; elected to the 
 Fortv-eighth Congress as a Union Democrat; died 
 in 1894. 
 
 Potter, Robert, was born at Granville, N. C. ; 
 received a connnon school education; a midship- 
 man in the U. S. Navy 1815-1821; studied law 
 and began practice at Halifax, N. C. : member of 
 the hou.se of connuons of North Carolina in 1826; 
 elected a Representative from North Carolina to 
 the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat. 
 
 Potter, Samuel J. , was born in Rhode Island 
 in 175(1; received a liberal education; studied law 
 and jiracticed; Presidential elector in 1792 and 
 1797; elected a United States Senator from Rhode 
 Island, serving from Mai'ch 4, 1803, to October 1, 
 1804, when he died. 
 
 Potter, William W. , was born in 1790; re- 
 ceived a liberaleducation at Bellefonte, Pa., where 
 he resided; elected a Representative from Pennsyl- 
 vania to the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat; 
 reelected to the Twenty-sixth Ciingress, but died, 
 before taking his seat, at Bellefonte, Pa., October 
 28, 1839. 
 
 Pottle, Emory B., was a native of Naples, 
 N. Y. ; received a classical education; studied law 
 and began practice at Naples, N. Y.; a State rep- 
 resentative in 1847; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth 
 Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Potts, David, was born in Chester County, Pa., 
 in 1793; received a liberal education at Pottstown; 
 elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Twenty-second, Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, and 
 Twenty-fifth Congresses as a "\\'hig; died at Potts- 
 town, Pa., January 17, 1863. 
 
 Potts, Richard, ^^■as born at Upper ilarlboro, 
 Md., in July, 1753; a Delegate to the Continental 
 Congress from Marylaml ( vice Charles Carroll, re- 
 signe<l), serving from February 4, 1793, to March 
 1, 1796, when he resiirned; died in Frederick 
 County, ild., Novendier 26, 1808. 
 
 Pou, Edward "William, of Smithfield, N. C, 
 was born at Tuskegee, Ala., Septemt^er 9, 1863; 
 I'resiilential elector in 1888; elec-ted solicitor of 
 the fourth judicial district of North Carolina in 
 1890, 1894, and in 1898; while serving his third 
 term as solicitor was elected to the Fift>- -seventh 
 Congress anil reelected to the Fifty-eighth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat. 
 
 Pound, Thaddeus C, of Chippewa Falls, Wis., 
 was born at Elk, Warren County, Pa., December 
 (i, 1833; received an academic education at iMilton 
 Academy, Wisconsin, and Rushford, Allegany 
 t'ounty, N. Y.; moved to Rock County, Wis., in 
 ilay, 1856, and resided there, engaged mainly in 
 the manufacture of limdicr and the mercantile 
 business, being president of the Union Lvnnbering 
 Company and of the Chippewa Falls and Western 
 Railway; a member of the legislative assembly of 
 Wisconsin in 1864, 1866, 1867, and 1869, serving 
 the last year as speaker pro tempore; lieutenant- 
 governor of Wisconsin 1870-71; delegate to the 
 Republican national convention at Phila(lel])hia 
 in 1872; elected to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, 
 and Forty-seventh Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Powel, Samuel, of Tennessee, was elected a 
 Representative from that State to the Fourteentli 
 Congress. 
 
 Powell, Alfred H. , was born in Loudoun 
 County, Va., ilarch 6, 17S1; graduated from 
 Princeton College; studied law, and in 1800 began 
 practice at Winchester, \a. ; served several years 
 as a member of the State house of representatives; 
 elected a Representative from ^'irginia to the 
 Nineteenth Congress; a delegate to the State con- 
 stitutional convention of 1830; died in 1831. 
 
 Powell, Cuthbert, was born at Alexandria, 
 Ya., in 1779; received a liberal education; studied 
 and practiced law; mayor of Alexandria; moved 
 to Loudoun County; held various local oHii'es; 
 elected a Representative from Virginia to the 
 Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig; died at 
 Langoolen, Va., May 8, 1849. 
 
 Powell, Joseph, was born at Towanda, Pa., 
 June 23, 1828; received a liberal education; mer- 
 chant ; elected a Representative from Pennsylvania 
 to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat; de- 
 feated for reelection to the Forty-fifth Congress. 
 
 Powell, Lazarus W. , was born in Henderson 
 County, Xy., October 6, 1812; graduated from St. 
 Joseph College, Bardstown, in 1833; studied law, 
 and in 1835 began practice; served in the State 
 legislature as a member in 1836; a Presiilential 
 elector on the Polk and Dallas ticket in 1844; _gov- 
 ernor of Kentucky 1851-1855; elected a Unite! 
 States Senator from Kentucky as a Democrat, serv- 
 ing from 1859 to 1865; delegate to the national 
 I'uion convention at Philadelphia in 1866; died 
 near Henderson, Ky., July 3, 1867. 
 
 Powell, Iievin, was born in Loudoun County, 
 Va., in 17.38; received a liberal education; server! 
 in the Revolutionary Army and rose to the rank 
 of lieutenant-colonel; a delegate to the State con- 
 vention which ratified the Federal Con.stitution; 
 elected a Representative from Virginia to the Sixth 
 Congress as a Federalist; dieil at Bedford, Pa., 
 August 6, 1810. 
 
 Powell, Paulus, was a native of Yirginia; re- 
 ceived a liberal ediication at Amherst: held vari- 
 ous local offices; elected a Representative from 
 Virginia to the Thirty-first, Thirty-secon<l, Thirty- 
 third, Thirty-fourth, an<i Thirty-fifth Congresses 
 as a Democrat; <U'feated for reelection to the 
 Thirty -sixth Congress. 
 
 Power, Thomas C, of Helena, ilont., was 
 born on a farm near Dubuque, Iowa, May 22, ,8.39; 
 received his primary education in tha <-omnion 
 .schools, and took a three years' cour.«e in civil 
 engineering at Sinsiniwa College, Wisconsin: fol- 
 lowed his profession suuuuers and taught school 
 
l.)L' 
 
 rONGKKSSlONAL UIJ^ECT KV. 
 
 winti'ix iVir tliivo ycni>i; wfiit with ii .-^iirvi'vinn 
 parly til I'likotii iii'lStKl; s-oini lluTriiltiT ciidBpfil 
 Ml till' iin'iruiitili' luit'iiu'ss nil tlu' Mi^simri KivtT, 
 ami loiiliimi'ii in llial liu,~iiicss till ISliT, in wliich 
 yi'ar In- Ux-atoil at I'nrt IV'iildii; pri'sidfiit of the 
 •■ lii'iitdii r." line of stcaiiurf^; inlt-ix-stcil in cattli", 
 mini's, and various iiK'nantili' i-onipanii's; loi'uttil 
 at llfli'iia in 1S7S; olcctcil a iiii'nilK'r of the lirvt 
 i-oiir-titntional convi'niion i>i Montana in lSS.'i; 
 (leU'uate to tlu' Ivopuliliran national convention in 
 18f<M; iioniinaliil liy tlu' Kfpnlilirans of liis Stato 
 for (jovi'rnor in ISWi, ami ilffcatt'il; t'lcoti'd to the 
 I'nitetl States Senate January 2, ISltO; took liis 
 seat April Hi. ISi'O; term of serviiv expired Manli 
 S. lS!t:.. 
 
 Powers. Oershom, of Auhurii, N. Y.. was 
 eltH-ted a Representative from New York to the 
 Twi'iity-lii-st C'onjiress as a Jaekson l>einoei-at. 
 
 Powers, H. Henry, of Morrisville, Vt., was 
 liorn at ^lorrislown, Lamoille County, Vt., >hiy 
 29, 1S.S.">: jrnuhiated from the Tnivei-sity of Ver- 
 mont in IS'm; admitted to the liar in IS.'i!^; a nieni- 
 ber of the house of repre.>^.'ntalives of Vermont in 
 1S5S; pro.'ierutinn attorney of I«inioille County in 
 18til-(il.'; iiiendK'rof eouneil of lensoivof Vermont 
 in IStili; member of the eoiistitutioiial convention 
 of the State in 1S70; memU'r of Stale senate 
 1872-7:?: speaker of the house of repri'sentatives 
 in 1.S74: jmljie of the supreme court of Vermont 
 fn.in December, 1S74, to IVcemlH-r, ISilO; electeilto 
 the Fifty-second, Kifty-third. Fifty-fourth, Fifty- 
 liltli, and Fifty-sixth ('oiisiresses as a Kepublican. 
 
 Powers. Lewellyn. of lloulton. Me., was born 
 at I'ittslield. Somerset County, Me., in l.s:!it: >;nidu- 
 aled from theColburn Classical Institute: attended 
 Col)>y Cnivei-sity two yean?, and [irailuated from 
 the law deiuirtment of the Vniversily of .Vlbany, 
 N. Y.; Colby has since jjiveii him the honorary 
 decrees of A. M. and LI.. D. : admitted to the bar 
 in IStil, and beiian the practice of his profession at 
 lloulton: attorney for the State for the county of 
 Aroostook 1,"<I>4-1S71 ; collector of customs for the 
 liL-itrict of .\roostook 1S(>S-1872: member of the 
 house of representatives. State legislature, for six 
 terms, ami siH'aker of the house one of them; 
 eleete<l governor of Maine in ISiKi, ami reelecte<l 
 in ISil.'^; electe<l to the Fortv-tifth Connrc-^s from 
 the then Fourth district, anc) elected to the Fifty- 
 .seventh Coni;re,-k'< as a Henublican in .\pril, UH>1, 
 to till the vacancy caused by the resignation of 
 lion. Charles A. Houtelle; reelected to the Fifty- 
 eighth Congress. 
 
 Powers, Samuel Leland. of Newton, N. II.. was 
 iH.rii at Cornish. N. II.. ( »ctolK>r2t>. l.M."*: lilted for 
 college at Kimball CniiMi .\cailemy ami at Phillips 
 F..\eter .\caileniy. New Hampshire, and gradiiatetl 
 from Dartmouth College in 1S74; snbsei|ueiitly 
 studie<l law at the law .school of the Iniversity of 
 the City of New Yi«rk and at Worcester. .Mass.: 
 adinitleil to the bar in l.>^7t•: ]inu'tice<l law in IV>s- 
 toii: nieniln'r of the law tirm of Towers, Hall i"i; 
 .lones; elected to the Fifty-seventh I'ongress and 
 reelectetl to the Fifty-eighth Congress as a Kepub- 
 lican. 
 
 Poydras, Julian. WiL* born at Nantes, Frann', 
 April :!, 174ii; rcieivtila HIhthI (-(Incation; foimde<l 
 the Female Orphan Asylum at New Orleans: 
 eh'<'te<l a lleli-gate from Orleans Territory to the 
 F.leventh Congress; died at I'ointe Coujiee, La., 
 .Inne2."i, 1,824. 
 
 Pratt, Daniel D., was Imrn at Palermo, Mi'.. 
 < ictober 2<i, \s].\: moved with his i»arents to New- 
 York: graduatetl from Hamilton College in ISiH: 
 
 moved to Indiana in l.s:i2; moved to Indianapolis, 
 Ind., in 18;{4; studied law, and in ISIiti begun 
 ]>raclice at Logansporl, Iml.; .-served lus a memlier 
 of the Indiana State legislature in \shl and \Xo3; 
 elected a Ifipreseiitalive to the Forlv-lirst Con- 
 gress; before taking his seat elected a l"nite«l 
 States Senator from Indiana a.s a Kepublican, serv- 
 ing from l.'^ti!' to 187."); Commissioner of Internal 
 Kevemie from May l.">, 187.i, to .Vugust 1, 1870; died 
 .lime 17, 1877, at Logansjiort, Ind. 
 
 Pratt, Henry O. , was born at Foxcraft, Me., 
 
 February 11,1.'<;}8; received a liberal educjition; 
 grailuatcd from the law department of llarvanl 
 I'nivei'sity : moved to Iowa in l,sti2: served in the 
 I'nion Army; began theiiractice of law at Churli's 
 City in 18(i4; a member of the State lion.se of 
 representatives 1.8t)!t-1871: elected a Kepresenta- 
 tive from Iowa to the Forty-thinl and Forty- 
 fourth Ci>ngres,ses. 
 
 Pratt, James T., was born at 'Middletown, 
 Conn., in 181).t: received a limited iiluiiition; 
 farmer; electeil a Repn'sentative from Connecti- 
 cut to the Thirty-third I'oiigivss as a Peimx-rat; 
 defeated for the Thirty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Pratt. Thomas G. . was Inirn at AVashington, 
 II. {.'.. Febniary is, Ks^vi; receivi»d a liberal iiiuca- 
 tion; sindied law and began practice at Upjier 
 MarllKiro, Mil.; served several years as a meinl)er 
 of the .'state bouse of representatives, ami six years 
 in the State senate; governor of Maryland 1844- 
 1,^47; elected a I'nited States Senator from Mary- 
 land (vice K.Johnson, resigned), serving from 
 January 14, 18."i0, to March ;{, 18."i7; a delegate to 
 the national llemocratic convention in 18tj4; died 
 at naltimnre, Md., November 9, 18ti9. 
 
 Pratt, Zadock, was born atStephentown, N.Y., 
 October ad, 17!I0; received a limited education: 
 tanner: served as a State senator in 18:U): a Presi- 
 dential elector on the Van Buren ticket in l.SiJti; 
 elected a Kepresentative from New York to the 
 Twenty-liflh Congress :is a Democrat; eUi-ted to 
 the Twenty-eightii Congress; Presidential elector 
 on the Pierce ticket in l.>v>2: delegate to the 
 national llemocratic convention at Baltimore iu 
 l.<i2: died at Bergen, N. J., April ti, 1871. 
 
 Prentiss. John H. . was horn at Worcester, 
 Ma.ss., .\|>ril 17. 17S4; printer: moved to Coojhts- 
 town, N. Y., and published the Freeman's Jour- 
 nal 18(XS-1.849; elected a Kepresentative from New- 
 York to the Twenty-lifth and Twenty-sixth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; died at Cooperstowu, X. Y., 
 June 2ti. I.><li4. 
 
 Prentiss. Samuel, \va.s born at Stonington, 
 Conn.. Marih ;il, 1782; locateil at Northlield, 
 Mass.; receiveil a IIIhtuI education; studied law 
 at Brattleboio, Vt., aii^i In'gan practicing at Mont- 
 jielier in l,**!!,"?; served as a State representative; 
 electeil chief justice of the State supri-me court iu 
 1.8.i0: electe<I a I'nited .States Senator from Ver- 
 mont as a Whig, ."erving from December 5, l,8;il, 
 ' to ,\pril II. 1,^42, when he rv'signed; appointe*! 
 I judge of the Ciiited Slates district court of Ver- 
 ' inont in 1842 ami iK-cupietl that (losition when he 
 dieil, at Montjielier, Vt., January IS, 18.57. 
 
 Prentiss, Sergeant Smith, was born at Porf- 
 
 laiiil. Me . Se|itember SO. IsdS; gradualiil from 
 
 Bi^wiloiii Collei;e in lS2ti; slmlieil law at liorham; 
 
 I niovi-d to Mississippi and In'gan practice at Vicks- 
 
 ' burg: member of the.^tate house of repri'st'iita- 
 
 lives in 18;t.'i; eliiteil a Kepres 'illative frvun Mis- 
 
 I sissippi to the Twenty-tilth Congn»ss as a Whig, 
 
 ! but the eli-i'tion was .s<'t aside by the House; again 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 758 
 
 elected to the Twenty-tifth ('Dnsrress, ferving from 
 May ;>0, 183S, to Mairh li, 1S.S9: moved to Louisi- 
 ana; died .at Lonswood, near Natcliez, Jliss., 
 July 1, 1850. 
 
 Prescott, Cyrus D., of Rome, X. Y., was born 
 at New riiirtfmd. Oneida County, N. Y., August 
 15, 18oli; received an academic education; stuilied 
 law at Utica, K. Y., and completed his legal 
 studies at Rome in 1S5SI; member of the board of 
 aldermen of the city of Rome in 1874-1876; mem- 
 ber of the asseud)ly of the State of Xew York in 
 1878; elected to the forty-sixth and Forty-seventh 
 Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Preston, Francis, was Ijorn in Greenfield, Va., 
 August 2, 1765; received a liberal education; elected 
 a Representative from Virginia to tlie Third and 
 Fourth Congresses; ilicd at Columbia, S. C, Mav 
 25, 1835. 
 
 Preston, Jacob A., of Perrymansville, Md., 
 was a native of that State; received a common 
 school education; elected a Representative from 
 Maryland to the Twenty-eighth Congress. 
 
 Preston, William, was born near Louisville, 
 Ky.. Octolx'r 16, 1816; graduateil from St. Joseph's 
 College, Kentucky; studied law and began practice 
 at Louisville; served in the civil war as lieutenant- 
 colonel of Kentucky volunteers; delegate to the 
 State constitutional convention; member of the 
 State house of representatives 1850-51; Presidential 
 elector on the Scott ticket in 1852; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Kentucky to the Thirty-second 
 Congress (vice H. Marshall, resigned) as a AVhig; 
 reelected ti.i the Thirty-third Congress; minister to 
 Spain 1858-1861; served in the Confederate army 
 and attained the rank of major-general; again 
 served in the State legislature in 1868; died at 
 Lexington, Ky., September 21, 1887. 
 
 Preston, William Ballard, was born at Smith- 
 field, Va., Xovembcr 25, 1805; received a limited 
 education; elected a Rejiresentative from Viiginia 
 to the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig; Secretary of 
 the Navy 1849-50; served in the Confederate con- 
 gress; died at Smithfield, Va., November 14, 1862. 
 
 Preston, William Campbell, was born at 
 Philadeljihia, Pa., Decendicr 27, 1794; graduated 
 from the College of South Carolina in 1812; stud- 
 ied law, and in 1823 began j^ractice at Columbia, 
 S. C; served as a member of the State legislature; 
 elected a United States Senator from South Caro- 
 lina as a Calhoun Nullitier, serving from December 
 2, 1833, until December, 1842, when he resigned; 
 president of the College of South Carolina 1846- 
 1851, and trustee 1851-1857; died at Columbia, 
 S. C, May 22, 1860. 
 
 Price, Andrew, of Lafourche Parish, La., was 
 born April 2, 1854, at Chatsworth Plantation, near I 
 Franklin, St. ^Nlarys Parish, La.; attended various [ 
 private schools and the collegiate department of I 
 Cumberland Cniversity, at Lelianon, Tenn.; grad- 
 uated from the law department of the .-^ame uni- 
 versity in 1875; continued his legal studies for two 
 years in the law department of Washington Uni- 
 versity, at St. Louis, I\Io., and graduated from this 
 university in 1877; practiced law in St. Louis until 
 the fall of 1880, when he returned to Louisiana; 
 engaged in sugar planting; delegate to the Demo 
 cratic national convention in 1888; elected to the 
 Fifty-lirst Congress as a Democrat, to lill the 
 vacancy caused by the ileath of his father-in-law, 
 lion. Edward J. Gay; reelected to the Fifty-sec- 
 ond, Fifty-thinl, and Fifty-fourth Congresses. 
 
 H. Doc. 45.S 48 
 
 Price, Hiram, was born in Washington County, 
 Pa., January 10, 1814; received a ctmimon school 
 education; for sometime a merchant's clerk, then 
 for a few years a farmer; merchant in a small way 
 on his own account; moved to Davenjiort. biwa. in 
 1844; elected president of the State liank of Iowa in 
 1.859, and continued in that position until 1866, 
 w hen the several branches were changed to nati<jnal 
 lianks; when the war of the rebellion broki> out 
 and the State had no availalile funds, he quartered 
 and subsisted, from his individual means, about 
 5,000infantry and cavalry for.several months, at the 
 request of the governor; appointed paymaster- 
 general, the only office of that rank the State has 
 ever had; elected a Representative from Iowa to 
 the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Con- 
 gresses as a Republican, declining arenonnnation; 
 president of the Davenport and St. Paul Railroad 
 Company, and resigned after two years' service; 
 elected to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixtli Con- 
 gresses as a Reiniblican; died May 30, 1901. 
 
 Price, Hugh H., of Black River Falls, Wis., 
 was born at Blai'k River Falls, Jackson County, 
 Wis., December 2, 1859; received a jiublic school 
 education, with a short course in the University 
 of Wisconsin; engaged in milling and lumber busi- 
 ness; elected to the Forty-ninth Congress as a 
 Republican, to (ill a vacancy caused )>y the death 
 of his father, lion. William T. Price, and took his 
 seat February 2, 1887. 
 
 Price, Rodman M., was born in Sussex County, 
 N. J., May 5, 1816; received a classical education 
 at Princeton College, l)ut on account of illness did 
 not graduate; studied law and admitted to the 
 bar; purser in the Nav.v in 1840, and stationed at 
 San Francisco when gold was discovered in Cali- 
 fornia; returned to New Jersey; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New Jersey to the Thirty-second 
 Congress as a Democrat; defeated as the Demo- 
 cratic candidate for reelection; delegate to the 
 {leace congress at Washington, D. C, in 1861; died 
 in 1894. 
 
 Price, Samuel, was born in Fauquier Count}', 
 Va., August 18, 1805; received a limited education; 
 studied law anil began practice at Lewisburg; held 
 various local offices; servedasamendierof the State 
 house of representatives 183-1-1836; prosecuting at- 
 torney for Braxton County 1836-1850; again served 
 in the State house of representatives 1847-1852, 
 excepting one year; delegate to the constitutional 
 convention 1850-51 and 1861; elected lieutenant- 
 governor of Virginia in 1863, and continued until 
 the close of the war; ilelegate to the constitutional 
 convention of West "S'irginia in 1872, its president; 
 appointed a United States Senator from Virginia 
 (vice A. T. Caperton, deceased), serving from De- 
 cember 4, 1876, to January 31, 1877; died at Lewis- 
 burg, W. Va., February 25, 1884. 
 
 Price, Sterling, was born iu Prince ICdward 
 County, Va., September 11, 1809; receiveda liberal 
 education; moved to Keytesville, Mo; elected a 
 Representative from Missouri to the Twenty-ninth 
 Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 1, 
 1845, to August 12, 1846, when he resigned to take 
 command of a regiment of volunteer cavalry for 
 the Jlexican war; governor of ^lissouri 185;i-1857; 
 served in the Confeilerate army ; after the war went 
 to Mexico, Ijut returned to "Missouri; died at St. 
 Louis, Mo., September 29, J 867. 
 
 Price, Thomas L. , was born near Danville, Va., 
 January 19, 1809; received a linnted education; 
 held several local offices; elected a Representative 
 from ilissourito the Thirty-seventh Congress (vice 
 
54 
 
 (-ONOKKSSIONAL DIKKCTORY. 
 
 J. \V. Kei<i, rxpflliil 1 iifii Uiiiini Till. s( ivitij.'liniii 
 Jamuiry LM, ISii-J, to MiiitIi ;1. 1s<>:>; <U-feiitcil lor 
 ivt'lci-tioii; 11 iU'le«iiti' In tlu- iialiniial IK'tuocratir 
 i-onvontiiiii at ('liicat:c« in 1SI>4; ilied at .Ii'tferson 
 City, M"., July \'\ 1X70. 
 
 Price, William P., was lioiii January 2!1, ISSo; 
 printer; attendi-il Kurnian I'niversity, at (in-on- 
 villi', S. v., in \x:>4, but left lu-fore {jrailiuitinj.' to 
 take editorial tharpe of a newspaper; studied law 
 and in lS5ti lie^ran ])rartiie at (ireenville, S. C; 
 served several years as a member of the State leg- 
 islatvire: moved to ( ieor)_'ia in ISliS; electeil a 
 Kepreseiilative Irmii (ieortiia to the I'orty-tirst 
 and Fort y-seei mil Congresses as a Pemoerat. 
 
 Price, "William T., was Iwrn in llmitingdon 
 County, Pa., June 17, ISLM; received a conmion 
 sehoofeducation: hunherman anil fariiuT; member 
 of the Wisconsin assembly in ISM and ISSL'; jueni- 
 l)er of tlie Winconsin senate in isr)7, 1S71)-71, 
 1S7.S-7S), LSSO-Sl; president of the Wisconsin sen- 
 ate 1S7(I; conntv judjre of Jackson County, Wis., 
 in lM.i4 and l.s.i!l; I'residential elector in l.SliS; 
 elected a Kejircsentative from Wisconsin to the 
 Kortv-eii;hth and Forty-?iinth Conjjrresses as a Re- 
 publican; died December I), ISSIi. 
 
 Pridemore, A. L., was born in Scott County, 
 Va., June -'7, 1S37; farmer: received a liberal 
 education; served in the Confolerate army, at- 
 taining.' the rank of colonel; after the close of the 
 war besran the study of law, and imicticed at 
 Jonesville; mendver of the Virginia State senate 
 1871-1.S7.T; elected a Keiircsentative from Virginia 
 to the Forty-tifth Conjjress as a Democrat. 
 
 Prince, Charles H., was born at Bucklield, 
 Oxford County, Me., Alay 9, 1887; received a 
 limited education; men'hant; cajilainin thel'nion 
 army; afterthe war located at .\unusta,<ia.. when- 
 he was cashier of a bank; State superintendent of 
 eiUication; <lelet;ate to the State constitutional 
 convention; elected a Hepresentative from Geor- 
 gia to the Fortieth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Prince, George W., of t lalesburg. 111., was born 
 :March 4. l,s.')4, in Ta/cwell County, 111.; atteiideil 
 tlie public schools, and graduated from Knox Col- 
 lege, Galesburg, III., in 1S7S; studied law and was 
 affmitted to the bar in ISSO; elected city attorney 
 of Calesliurg in ISSl; chairman of the i;epid)lican 
 county central committee of Knox County in 1SS4; 
 ele<-ti'd a mc'Mdu-r of the lower Iioum' of the gen- 
 eral as.send)ly of Illinois in ISSS; reelecteil in ISilO; 
 candiilate for attornev-general of Illinois on the 
 Republican ticket in"l8<)2; elected to the Fifty- 
 fonrth Congress as a Reiiublican at a special elec- 
 tion hel<l April •_', lSll.5, to (ill the vacancy caused 
 by the death of I ien. I'bihp Sidney Post; reelected 
 tii the Fiftv-lifth, Fiftv-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and 
 Fifty-eighth Congresses. 
 
 Prince, Oliver H., w;u= born in Connertirnt 
 alMHit 1787; received a liberal education: stndie<l 
 law, and after being admitteil to the bar moved to 
 Macon, (la., where he begiin prai'ticing; eli'cted a 
 Cnileil States Senator from (ieorgia ( vice Thomas 
 W. Cobb, resigned), serving from DeciMnber 1, 
 1828, to March :>, 182!t; died at sea October 9, 1837. 
 
 Prince, William, was elected a Representative 
 from Indiana to the F.ighteenth Congress, serving 
 from DecendiiT 1, ls2:!-24; ilied in 1824 at Prince- 
 ton, Ind. 
 
 Prindle, Elizur H., was born at Newton, 
 Conn.. May il, is-.'ii; receiveil a liberal educati(Ui; 
 stndieil law and jiracticed; ilistriel attorney of 
 Chenango Countv, N. Y., !StiO-18«2; niendier of 
 
 the .'^late iicsendjly in 18fi3; mcndier of the ."^tate 
 constitutional convention in 18t)7 and 18(i8; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the Forty- 
 Hccond Congress as a Republican; dietl at Nor- 
 wich, N. Y., Oi'tolier 7, IS'.tO. 
 
 Pringle, Benjamin, was born at Richtield, 
 N. v., .Novendicr Vi, 1807; received a liberal edu- 
 cation; studied law and prai-ticeil for a luimber 
 of years; became ]iresident of a liank at Bata\ ia, 
 N. Y.; judge of (iene.see County court; elected a 
 Repre.-entative from New York to the Thirty-third 
 and Thirty-fourth Congre,s.«es as a Whig; mem- 
 ber of the State house of repre.-^entatives in 18t);i; 
 appointi'd judge of the c<iurt of arbitraticjn at 
 Cape Town under the treaty with (ireat Britain. 
 
 Pritchard, Jeter Connelly, of .Marshall. N. C, 
 was born at .loiiesboro, Tcnn., .luly 12, 1S.'>7; re- 
 ceived a coMuiiou school education at .Martins 
 Creek Aca<lemy; apprenticed in the .lonesboro 
 Tribune-Herald oHice: moved to Hakersville, 
 ^litchell County, X. C.. in 1878; joint editor ami 
 owner of the Roan Mountain Republican until 
 1887, when he moved to Marshall, .Madison 
 Countv; (iarticld elector in 1880; elected to the 
 legislature in 1S.S4, l.S.SH, and 18ii0; Republican 
 canilidate for lieutenant governor in I.S8S, and the 
 Republican caucus nominee for I'nited States Sen- 
 ator in 1892: delegate at large to the Minneapolis 
 convention in 1892; elected presiilent of the .North 
 Carolina Protective Tariff I>eague in 1,891; canili- 
 date for Congress in 1.892; licensed to practice law 
 in 1887; became [irominent iu the cooperation 
 movement in .North Carolina in .\pril, 1,894, and 
 the succe-s of that movement resulted iu his elec- 
 tion to the I'nited States Senate as a Republican, 
 to till the unexpired term of the late Senator Z. B. 
 Vance; reelected in 1897, serving until .March 
 3, 190.S; ap]ioiuteil judge of supreme court of the 
 District of Columbia, March 30, 190.8. 
 
 Proctor, Redfield, of Proctor, Vt.. was born 
 at Proctorsville, \'t., June 1, 1831, of Knglish 
 stock, descended from Robert Proctor, who eame 
 from London to Salem, .Ma-s., in \6:^.^■, graduated 
 from Dartmouth College in 1,8.51, and from the 
 Albany Law School in KS.59; enlisted in the Third 
 Regiment of Vermont Volunteers in 1861, of which 
 he was apjiointed iiuarterma.ster with the rank of 
 lieuteuant; served on the staff of < ien. William F. 
 ( Baldy) Smith as brigade and division quarter- 
 mastei-; promoted major of the Fifth Regiment 
 and colonel of the Fifteenth: after being mustereil 
 out returned to X'erniont and engaged in the prac- 
 tice of law, and later liecame interested iu the 
 development of the marble industry; rci>resenta- 
 tive in the State legislature in 18li7-i;8 and 1888; 
 n)eudier of the State senate and i)resident jiro tern 
 of that body in 1874-7."); lieutenant-governor oi 
 the State frlun 187<i to 1878, and governor from 
 1878 to 18S0; delegate to the Republican national 
 convention of 1884, and chainnan of the Vermont 
 delegation iu the same conventions of 18,88 and 
 1.89(1; aiipointed Secretary of War by President 
 Harrison in March, 1889;" resigned from the cab- 
 inet in November, 1891, to accejit the appoint- 
 men as Cidted States Senator as a Republican, to 
 succeed Oeorge F. Kdmunds, and was elected by 
 the Vermont leL.'islature OcIoIkt 18. 1,892. to till 
 both the unexpired and lull terms; ekvted Octo- 
 ber 18, 1,898, to succeed himself for the term 
 begitniing March 4, 1899, and ending March 8, 
 190.1. 
 
 ProfHt, George H. , veceiveil a liberal ednra- 
 tion; elected a Representative from Indiana to the 
 Twentv-sixth ami Twenty-seventh Congresses as a 
 
BIOGKAPHIES. 
 
 755 
 
 "Whig; appointed by President Tyler minister to 
 Brazil, servins from June 7, 1843, until August 10, 
 1844, when- he returned home, the Senate refus- 
 ing to confirm his appointment; died at Louisville, 
 Ky., September 5, 1847. 
 
 Prosser, William F. , Avas born at Williams- 
 port, Pa., March Ki, 1834; received a limited edu- 
 cation; studied law 1 Hit never practi<-ed; moved to 
 California in 1854; engaged in mining; returned 
 to Pennsylvania in 1861 and entered the Union 
 Army as a private in the Anderson Troop; served 
 throughout the war in the Army of the Cumber- 
 land; served as quartermaster of the Fifteenth 
 Pennsylvania Cavalry until 18(32, when he was 
 placed in command of one of its companies: trans- 
 ferred to the Second Tennessee Cavalry and adju- 
 tant during its oi'ganization; commissioneil major 
 in JIarch, 1863, lieutenant-colonel in March, 
 1864, and colonel in June, 1865; after the war 
 located on a farm near Nashville, Tenn.; was 
 elected a member of the Tennessee house of repre- 
 sentatives in 1867; a director of the Tennessee and 
 Pacific Railroad; in March, 1868, appointed one 
 of the directors on the part of the State for the 
 Edgefield and Kentucky Railroad; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Tennessee to the Forty-first Con- 
 gress as a Republican; defeated for reelection. 
 
 Pruyn, John V. L. , was born at Albany, N. Y., 
 June 22, 1811; received a classical education; 
 studied law and in 1832 began practice at Albany; 
 held several local offices; appointed a regent of the 
 State University in 1844, and in IS62 liecame 
 chancellor of the university and president of the 
 board of regents; a State senator in 1861; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the Thirty- 
 eighth Congress (vice E. Corning, resigned) as a 
 Democrat; elected to the Fortieth Congress; died 
 at Clifton Springs, N. Y., November 21, 1877. 
 
 Pryor, Luke, was born in Madison County, 
 Ala., July Ji, 1820; received an academic educa- 
 tion; lawyer by profession, anil an agriculturist; 
 mendter of the Alabama legislature 18.5.5-.76; ap- 
 pc:iinted United States Senator from Alabama in 
 January, 1880, by the Governor of the State, to 
 fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Hon. 
 George S. Houston, Senator elect; elected to the 
 Forty-eighth Congress as a Democrat; died in 1900. 
 
 Pryor, Roger A., was born in Dinwiddle 
 County, Va., July 19, 1828; graduated from 
 Hampden-Sydney College in 1845; studied law 
 and jiracticed, a short time at Petersburg, but 
 abandoned the law on account of ill health; 
 engaged in newspaper work; on the editorial staff 
 of the Washington Union in 1852, and of the 
 Richmond Enquirer in 1855; appointed special 
 commissioner to (xreece in 18.55; returned home 
 and established The South in 1857, and after it 
 had failed, was on the staff of the Washington 
 States; elected a Representative from Virginia to 
 the Thirty-sixth Congress (vice W. O. Goode, 
 deceased), serving from December 7, 1859 to 
 March 3, 1861; served in the Confederate army; 
 mendjer of the Virginia Confederate house of rep- 
 resentatives; captured liy the Union troops in 
 November, 1,864, and confined in Fort Lafayette, 
 but soon , afterwards released; moved to New 
 York city and practiced law. 
 
 Pugh, George Ellis, was born at Cincinnati, 
 Ohio, November 2S, 1822; graduated from Miami 
 University in 1.840; studied law, and in 1843 began 
 practice at Cincinnati, Ohio; served in the Mexi- 
 can war as captain of the Fourth C)hio Volunteers; 
 returned to Cincinnati ami resumed the practice 
 
 of his profession; a memlier of the State legisla- 
 ture in 1848 and 1849; city solicitor in 18,50; State 
 attorney-general in 1851 ; elected a United States 
 Senator from Ohio as a Democrat, serving from 
 December 3, 18.55 to March 3, 1861; defeated as 
 the Democratic candidate for lieutenant-goxernor 
 in 1863; defeated as the Democratic candidate for 
 the Thirty-ninth Congress; delegate to the State 
 constitutional convention, but withdrew from its 
 deliberations and resumed the practice 'if law; 
 died at Cincinnati, July 19, 1876. 
 
 Pugh, J. Howard, was born in Chester County, 
 Pa., June 23, 1827; received a liberal education; 
 studied medicine, and graduated from the medical 
 department of the University of Pennsylvania in 
 18.52; began practicing at Burlington, N. J., in 18.54; 
 elected president of the ^lechanics' National Bank 
 of Burlington in 1869; elected a Representative 
 from New Jersey to the Forty-fifth Congress as a 
 Republican. 
 
 Pugh, James L., of Eufaula, Ala., was born in 
 Burke County, (ia., December 12, 1820; received 
 an academic education in Alabama and Georgia; 
 moved to Alabama when 4 years old; licensed to 
 practice law in 1841 , and so emjiloyed when elected 
 to the United States Senate; Taylor elector in 1.848, 
 Buchanan elector in 1S56, and State elector for 
 Tilden in 1876; elected to Congress without ojipo- 
 sition in 1859; retired from the Thirty-sixth Con- 
 gress when Alabama ordained to secede from the 
 Union; joined the Eufaula Rifles in the First Ala- 
 bama Regiment as a private; elected to the Con- 
 federate Congress in 1861, and reelected in 1.S63; 
 after the war resumed the practice of law; presi- 
 dent of the State convention of the Democratic 
 party in 1874; member of the convention that 
 framed the State constitution of 1875; elected to 
 the United States Senate as a Democrat to fill the 
 lialance of the term made vacant by the death of 
 George S. Houston; took his seat December 6, 1880; 
 and reelected in 1884, and in 1890. 
 
 Pugh, John, was a native of Hilltown, Pa.; re- 
 ceived a common school education; held various 
 local offices; elected a Representative from Penn- 
 sylvania to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses. 
 
 Pugh, Samuel J. , of Vanceburg, Ky., was born 
 in Greenup County, Ky., January 28, 18.50; re- 
 sided in Lewis County since 1852; educated at 
 Chandler's Select School, Rand's Academy, and 
 Centre College, Danville, Ky.; practiced law; held 
 successively the offices of city attorney, 1872-73; 
 master commissioner of the circuit court, 1874- 
 1880; county attorney, 1878-1886; county judge, 
 1886-1890; delegate to the Kentucky constitutional 
 convention, 1890-91, and State senator, 1893-94; 
 elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican, and reelected to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty- 
 sixth Congresses. 
 
 Pugsley, Cornelius Amory, of Peekskill, 
 N. Y.; was born at that place .Inly 17, 18.50; re- 
 ceived his early education in the public schools, 
 and later enjoyed private instruction; at the age 
 of 17 liecame clerk in tiie Peekskill post-office, and 
 from that jiosition was soon promoted to be assist- 
 ant postmaster; engaged in the banking business; 
 jiresident of the Westchester Coimty National 
 Bank of Peek.skill, one of the oldest banking insti- 
 tutions in the State of New York; mendier of the 
 Chamber of Connnerce, New York City; president 
 of the board of trustees of the Field Library, 
 Peekskill; trustee and treasurer of the Peekskill 
 Military Acatlemy; elected to the Fifty-seventh 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
7r)( 
 
 roNOKKSSIUNAL UIKKCTUKY. 
 
 Pugsley, Jftcob J., of llillslx>ro, Oliid; wa." 
 iMirn in l>iit«'lu's« ('unntv. N. Y.: iiiovtMl tuOliio 
 uiio year tluTi'iifter; j>'nii!liiutc<l Irtnii Miami I'lii- 
 versitv; ailiiiittwl ti> the l)ar: sorvinl in l)oth 
 hmiiclu's 111" till' Stato li'jriHUitiiii'; i-U'clol to tlio 
 I'iflii'lh ami I'ilty-lirvt ('oii-rri'.-'Sf.-as a Kepuliliran. 
 
 Pulitzer, Joseph, i>l New York City, was liorii 
 in Ilunpiry Ajiril 10. 1S47; rcivivi'd his early edu- 
 cation iroiii a tutor: enlisted as a private in the 
 fnion Army at the a;re of 17; studied law and ad- 
 mitted to linietice liy the supn^me eourt<if Mis- 
 souri; eleeted to the Missouri lejiislatuii' in lS(i;»and 
 to the roiistitutional convention in 1S74 from St. 
 I^iuis; he entereil journahsm in 1H(>7 as a reporter 
 on the St. l.ouis Westliehe I'ost, a ^;er^llall paper 
 then e<Uted by Carl Schurz; nL^e tothe position of 
 manacintf eihiorand part proprietor; founded the 
 St. I,ouis I'ost-I)is|iateh in 1878 hy pureh:L<in^' the 
 Dispatch anil unitnis; it with the Kvenins: I'ost; in 
 the.<iirin;:of ISS.S he lioU).dit the New York World; 
 delejrate to tlie Cincinnati coiwention in 187- that 
 nominated Horace (ireeley for the IVesidencv; 
 ilelesiate to the democratic national convention in 
 1881); member of the platform conunittee in that 
 convention from Missouri; electtil to the Korty- 
 ninth Congress as a Ueuiocrat; resipiie<l April 10, 
 1881!. 
 
 Purdy, Smith M., of Norwich, was a native of 
 Chenaufro (.'niiiity, N. V.; elected a Kepresenta- 
 tive from New York to the Twenty-eighth Con- 
 siress as a Democrat. 
 
 Purman, William J., was Viorn in Center 
 County, I'a., Ajiril 11, 1840; ri'ceived a liberal edu- 
 cation"; studied law; entereil the Tnion Army as a 
 private, and served on sjiecial duty at the War De- 
 partment until transferred to I'^lorida in 1865; re- 
 mained in riorida, and elected a member of the 
 constitutional convention in 1808; a State senator; 
 judge of Jackson county court 18liS-(i!'; eU'cted to 
 the State senate and served 18(>9-187.'!; a.sse.-N-ior of 
 I'nited States internal reveinie for the district of 
 riorida 187(1-187.: elected a Kepresentative from 
 I'lorida to the Korly-thinl Congress as a Kepubli- 
 ean: n-elected to the Forty-fourth Congress; de- 
 feated for the Korty-lifth Congress. 
 
 Purviance, Samuel A., was born at Butler. 
 Pa., Noveml>er 8. l.soit; received a cla.ssical educa- 
 tion; studied law and began practice at liutler. 
 Pa.; delegate to the constitutional convention in 
 l,S36; member of the .state house of repre.'^entatives 
 in 18:iS-:Hl; Presidential elector in 1848 on the 
 Taylor and Fillmore ticket; ele<-teil a Representa- 
 tive from Penn.sylvania to the Thirty-fourth and 
 Thirty-lifth Congresses as a Wing. 
 
 Purviance, Samuel D., \v;is a native of North 
 Carolina: received a common .school education; 
 elected a Kepre.s«>ntative from North Carolina to 
 the F.iuhth Congress. 
 
 Puryear, Richard C. . was born in Mecklenburg 
 Count\. Va.. February il. 18111: received a cla.'-sical 
 education: iiierchant; nioveil to llunlsville. N. C.: 
 .serviil in t«ith branches of the State lej:islature: 
 electeil a Hepresentative from North Carolina to 
 the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Congresses iis 
 a Whig; ilefeitt*'d for n-eleciion to the Thirty-lifth 
 Congr«>ss; delegate from North Carolina to the 
 Confederate Provisional Congress which assi'Mibliil 
 at Kichnioud in istjl. 
 
 Pusey, William H. M., of Council Bluffs. 
 Iowa, was born in Washington t'ounty, Pa.. .Inly 
 2tt, 182ti; educateii at Washington and ,Ieffc'rson 
 College, graduating in the data of 1847; private 
 
 banker: nieml)er of the Jowa .State senate from 
 l.8."is to 18t)i;; elected tothe Forty-eighth Congress 
 as a !>emocrat. 
 
 Putnam, Harvey, was Ihihi in ( iene-iee County, 
 N. Y.. in 17n:;; receivt^d a limite<l e<|ucation; 
 studied law and began practice at Attica; held 
 several local ollices; electeil a Hepre-sentative from 
 New York to the Twenty-lifth Congress (vice 
 William Patterson, decea.sed), as a Whig, serving 
 from Decendier .S. l."<38, to March 15. 18.'{tt: a mem- 
 ber of the State senate 184.{-I84(i; electiil to the 
 Thirtieth and Tlnrty-lirst Congresses: ditnl at At- 
 tica, N. Y.. Septeniix'r "Jl. 18.5.5. 
 
 Quackenbush, John A., of Stillwater, N. Y., 
 was born at Schaghticoke. N. Y., (lctolK.'r I.i, 1,S28; 
 educated in the district schools and at the academy 
 at Stillwater. N. Y.; farmer ami siK'culator in farm 
 liroducts and lumber: elected su|iervi..ior of his 
 town l.stM>-18(i2: chairman of the board of super- 
 visoi-s of the cixnity of Rensselaer in 18l>L': elwted 
 a mendK-rof the iUssembly from the .Second district 
 of Kens.selacr County in the fall of I8t)2; elei-ted 
 sheriff of Rensselaer t'ounty in the fall of I87:{, and 
 served three years; electeil to the Fifty-tirst and 
 I'ifty-seiond Coni;resses as a Republican. 
 
 Quarles. James M., wasl>orn in I»uisa County, 
 Va., February 8. 182:!; moved with his father to 
 Kentucky in 1.8;i8; received a lilieral education; 
 studied law and i>ractiee<l; moveil to Clarksville, 
 Tenn.: Slate attorney for the tenth judicial dis- 
 trict; elected a Representative from Tennessee to 
 the Thirty-sixth Congress as a National American. 
 
 Quarles, Joseph Very, of Milwaukee, Wis., 
 wjLs liorn at Kenoslia, Wis. (then Soutli|Mirt ), 
 Decendier 1(>, I84H; entered tlie Cniversity of 
 Michigan in l.stiL'. but in 1.8t>4 entered the army in 
 the Thirty-ninth Wisconsin Volunteers; mustered 
 out as tirst lieutenant Company C, and returned to 
 his studies, graduating in 18titi: studied law, and 
 ' in 18(58 formed at Kenosha a partnership with 
 
 0. S. Head; district attorney for Kenosha County 
 I for six years, mayor of Kenosha in 187t>, niendjer 
 
 of the :Lssend)ly in 187!l. and State .senator from 
 1.8,S0 to 1882; "nioveil to Racine: six years later 
 made Milwaukee his home, and there organizeii 
 the law linn of (iuarles, Si)ence t^ Quarles; elwted 
 to the I'nited States Senate as a Republican for 
 the term of l,8il>»-l<K1.5. 
 
 Quarles, Julian Minor, of Staunton, Va.. was 
 born September. 1848. in the county of Caroline, 
 Va.; educated at Pine Hill and As|>en Hill acade- 
 mies. Louisa County. Va.. and at the Cniversity 
 of Virginia: lawyer, and commenceil the practice 
 of his profe.ssion in 1874 at Staunton: judge of the 
 county court of .Vugusta County, Va., for several 
 years, and resigned: elected to the Fifty-sixth 
 Congre.ss as a Democrat. 
 
 Quarles, Tunstall, was a native of Virginia; 
 received a lonunon sdiool i.ilucation: moved to 
 Kentucky; studietl law and practiced: elecli.il a 
 Kepn'sentative from Kentucky to the Fifteenth 
 and Sixteenth Conu'resses. .serving from I)ecendier 
 
 1. 1817. to 1820. when he n-signeil: moved to Ca|>e 
 (iirardeau. Mo., and became rt^ceiver of public 
 moneys in the Cniteil States land otlict-s. 
 
 ftuay. Matthew Stanley, of Reaver, Pa., w:is 
 iM.rn at DillsburL'. York County, Pa., September 
 150, 18:5:5; jin-partnl forrolli-geat Beavcrand Indiana 
 academii-s: graduated from .lefferson College in 
 18,50; admittinl to thebarin l.<>4; electiil prothon- 
 otarv of Beaver County in 18.5(1 and nvlecteil in 
 I 185yi; heulenant in the Tenth Pennsylvania Re- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 757 
 
 serves; colonel of the One hnnrlred and thirty- 
 fourth Peiuisylvania Volunteer;^; lieutenant-colonel 
 and assistant coniniissary-fieneral; military State 
 agent at Washingtim; private secretary to the gov- 
 ernor of Pennsylvania: major and chief of trans- 
 portation and telegraphs; military secretary to the 
 governor of Pennsylvania. 1861-1865; member of 
 the legislature, 1865-1867; secretary of the Com- 
 monwealth 1872-1878; recorder of the city of Phila- 
 delphia, and chairman of Repubhcan State com- 
 mittee 1878-79: secretarv of the Commonwealth 
 1879-1882; delegate at large to the Republican na- 
 tional conventions of 1872, 1876, and 1880; elected 
 State treasurer in 1885; elected to the United States 
 Senate as a Republican to succeed John I. Mitchell, 
 and took his seat JIarch 4, 1887; selecteii a mem- 
 ber of the Republican national committee and 
 chosen chairman thereof, and ex othcio chairman 
 of the executive committee when the committee 
 organized in .July, 1888, and conducted the suc- 
 cessful Presidential campaign of that year; dele- 
 gate to the Repulilican national convention of 1892 
 and voted against the renomination of Benjamin 
 Harrison; reelected to the Senate in 1893; defeated 
 for reelection in 1899 by a deadlock existing 
 throughout the session of the legislature: appointed 
 United States Senator by the governor of Pennsyl- 
 vania to fill the vacancy caused by the failure of 
 the legislature to elect, liut the appointment was not 
 recognized by the Senate; on the day of his rejec- 
 tion by the Senate was nominated to succeed 
 himself l)y the Repulilican State convention of 
 Pennsylvania and reelected United States Senator 
 January 15, 1901; took his seat January 17, 1901. 
 
 Quigg, Iiemuel E., of New York City, was 
 born in Cecil County, Md.. February 12, 1863: 
 received a common school education in the jiublic 
 schools of AVilmington. Del.: move<l to New York 
 City when about 17 years old and engaged at once 
 in newspaper work; after a year of service as re- 
 porter of the New York Times he obtained con- 
 trol of the Flushing (L. I. ) Times, and conducted 
 that [lajjer successfully for several years; joined 
 the editorial staff of the New York Tribune in 
 1885; elected to the Fifty-third Congress as a Re- 
 publican to succeed Col. .iohn R. Fellows, resigned, 
 at a special election held January 30, 1894; reelect- 
 ed to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses. 
 
 ftuincy, Josiah, wasl)orn at Boston. ^lass., Feb- 
 ruary 4, 1772; graduated from Harvard College in 
 1790; studied law and began practice at Boston; de- 
 feated as candidate for the Seventh and Eighth 
 Congresses and elected a Representative from Slas- 
 sachusetts to the Ninth, Tenth. Eleventh, and 
 Twelfth Congresses as a Federalist: member of the 
 State senate 1813-1820, and in 1821 and 1822 of the 
 State house of representatives, serving the last year 
 as speaker; delegate to the constitutional conven- 
 tion of 1S20; mayor of Boston 1823-1829; president 
 of Harvard College 1829-1845; died at Quincv, 
 Mass., July 1, 1864. 
 
 ftuinn, John, of New York City, was born in 
 Ireland .\ugust 9, 1839; immigrated to tlie United 
 States at the close of the war-; settled in New York 
 City, where he entereil enthusiastically into the 
 agitation of that period for the education and im- 
 prt)vement of the laboring classes; conspicuou.s as 
 one of the champions of the eight-hour law in 
 1868-1870; engaged in the real-estate and building 
 business: president of the West Side Electric Light 
 and Power Company and a director in the Home- 
 stead Bank of New York, being one of the founders 
 of the bank: elected to the legislature in 1882; 
 member of the board of aldermen for the years 
 
 1885-1887; delegate to the Democratic national 
 convention at Chicago in 1884 and to St. Louis in 
 1888; elected to the Fifty-first Congress as a Dem- 
 ocrat. 
 
 auinn, Terence J., was born at Albany, N. Y., 
 October 16, 1836; received a liberal education; 
 brewer; alderman for several years; second lieu- 
 tenant in the New York State militia, which was 
 sent to the defense of Washington in April, 1861, 
 and again in 1862; served in the State legislature 
 in 1874; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Forty-fifth t'ongress as a Democrat, serving 
 from October 15, 1877, to June 18, 1878, when he 
 died at Albany, N. Y. 
 
 Quitman, John Anthony, was born at Rhine- 
 lieck, N. Y.. Septeml.ier 1, 1799; received a clas.s- 
 ical education; studied law; professor of law in 
 Mount Airy College, Pa., in 1818; moved toChilli- 
 cothe, Ohio, in 1820; moved to Natchez, Jliss., in 
 1821; meml)erof tlie State hou.se of representatives 
 in 1827: appointed chancellor of the State in 18.30; 
 elected for six years in 1832; resigned in 1835, 
 having been elected to the State senate, and made 
 president; acted as governor for a time; held vari- 
 ous local offices: served in the Mexican war as 
 brigadier-general and as major-general: chosen 
 Presidential elector on the Cass and Butler ticket 
 in 1848; governor of ^ILssissippi 18.50-51; elected a 
 Representative from Mississippi to the Thirty- 
 fourth Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the 
 Thirty-fifth Congress, and served from Deceudier 
 1, 1855, until his death at "Monmouth,'' his planta- 
 tion in Mississippi, July 17, 1858. 
 
 Radford, "William, was born at Poughkeepsie, 
 N. Y., June 24, 1814; received a limiteil education; 
 moved to New Vork City in 1829 and l)ecame a 
 merchant; elected a Representative from New 
 York tothe Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat; 
 reelected to the Thirty-ninth Congress: defeated 
 for the Fortieth Congress; died at Yonkers, N. Y., 
 January 18, 1870. 
 
 Raines, John, of Canandaigua, X. Y., was Ixirn 
 at Canandaigua, N. Y., May 6, 1840; educated in 
 the public .schools; taught' school; stmlied law; 
 graduated from the Albany Law School in 1861; 
 entered upon the practice of the law at Geneva, 
 N. Y.; raised Company G, Eighty-fifth Regiment 
 New York Volunteers in 1861, aiid served in the 
 armies of the Potouiac and North Carolina as cap- 
 tain of that company until July, 1863: member of 
 the assembly of the S'tate of New York in ISSl, 1882, 
 and 1885; State senator in 1886-1889; president of 
 the board of education of Canandaigua; alternate 
 at large to the Republican national convention in 
 1888; electe<l to the Fifty-first and Fifty-,second 
 Congresses as a Republican; elected to the New 
 York State senate in 1894-95 and 1898. 
 
 Rainey, Joseph H., was born at Georgetown, 
 S. C. (where liotli his parent^ were slaves, but bv 
 industry obtained their freedom), June 21, 183^; 
 received a limited educati<5n; barber; compelled 
 to work on the Confederate fortifications in 1862; 
 escaped to the West Indies, where he remained 
 until the close of the war; returned to his native 
 town; elected a delegate to the State constitu- 
 tional convention in 1868; member of the State 
 senate in 1870, Vjut resigned, having been elected a 
 Representative from South Carolina to the Forty- 
 finst Congress as a Republican ( vice B. F. Whitte- 
 more); reelected to the Forty-second, Forty- 
 third, Forty-fourth, and Forty-fifth Congresses; 
 died at Georgetown, S. C, August 1, 1887. 
 
CONORKSSloNAI, l>IKK< TORY. 
 
 Ramsay, David, wiii' born in I'l'iiiisylvania 
 . April "J, 174!l; i;railiiatc<l Iripiii rrinivton I'nlletro 
 in ITiio; ^tlllli^■<l miMticini' ami praclirtMl; loi-ateil 
 at I'liarlfsliin, S. ('., in 177.5; iiu'Miln'r ol the State 
 house III' representatives 177l>-17S:!; serveil in the 
 Kevolutionary Aruiv af siii-veon; laptureil at the 
 fall of t'harlifton in May. 17.S(I. and inipri-oneil 
 for eleven months: Oele'.'iile from South Carolina 
 to the C'oMlineiital Con^rress 17S"-'-17S(i; serve<l 
 several vears in the State senate, and its presi- 
 dent: ilitil at Charleston, S. C, May 8, ISl.x 
 
 Ramsay, Nathaniel, was horn in l^nea«ter 
 CVinnty. I'u. Miiy I, 17.M: •.'raduatcd from New 
 .Jersey Cnlleiie in 17i>7: eoninianded a Marylaml 
 n-jinient in the Revolutionary Army: taken pris- 
 onerat the fall of Charleston, S. ('., and imprisoned 
 at !^t. Auirustine: Pelejiate from Maryland to the 
 Continejilal ("onjrress 1 7S.'">-1 7S7 : diedat Baltimon>, 
 Md., (trtnher 2:1. 1M7. 
 
 Ramsey, Alexander, was Ixirn near llarris- 
 linr^, I'a.. Septendier S, KSI.t; received a liberal 
 education; elected a Representative from Pennsyl- 
 vania to the T\venty-ei<xhth and Twenty-ninth 
 Coiiirresses as a \Vhi<;; Territorial irovernor of 
 Minnesota 1 S4!l- 1 S-'iS : mayor of St. I'aul in IS.V1: 
 •rovernor of .Minnesota l,H.')9-18ti.S; elected a liiiled 
 States .>-enator from Minnesota as a Republican, 
 vice H. M. Rice, Democrat; reelecte<l, serving 
 from l)eceml)er 7, ISiV.i. to March :i. lS7o; Seeiv- 
 tary of War from l,'<7ii-l.><Sl; for four years chair- 
 man of I'tali commission, appointed in l.'^Sl'; Presi- 
 dent of Minnesota Historical Society; delesrate to 
 centennial of Federal Constitution convention in 
 ISS7. 
 
 Ramsey, Robert, was a native of Pennsylva- 
 nia: received a i>ul)lic school education at Harts- 
 ville; elected a Representative from Pennsylvania 
 to the Twenty-third Congress as a Whip; elected 
 to the Twenty-seventh Congress. 
 
 Ramsey, 'William, was born at Sterretts (ja]i. 
 Pa., September 7. I77!l: received a lindti'd educa- 
 tion; studied law ;ind besran [iractice at Carlisle: 
 electeil a Represi^ntative fmm Pennsylvania to the 
 Twentieth ami Twenty-tirst (.Vynpre.-^esas a Demo- 
 crat; died at Carlisle.'Pa.. Septeml)er .1, 1S:51. 
 
 Ramsey, 'William S., was born at Carlisle. Pa.. 
 June 11', ISIO; received a classical education: at- 
 tache to the .Vmerican leiiationat London; electe<l 
 a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Twenty- 
 si.Ktli Con^tressas a Van Buren Democrat: reelected 
 to the Twenty-seventh Congress, but a few weeks 
 afterwardsdied at Haltimore. Md.. ()ctol)er 17, 1S40. 
 
 Randall, Alexander, of .\nnapolis, was a 
 nativec^l Marylancl; eleited a Reprt'sentative from 
 Maryland to the Twentv-seventh Congress as a 
 WhiV. 
 
 Randall. Benjaniin, was horn in >fii.=saohusetts 
 in 17.S!!; trnidualeil from I!ow<loin College in l,'<t)V»; 
 studied law ami in 1S14 began practice at Rath, 
 Me. (then Mas,sachusettsl: mendx'r of the State 
 senate in IW:!: elected a Re|>re.sentative from 
 Maine to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh 
 Congre.sses as a Whig; appointed collector of cus- 
 toms for the port i'( Hath, and held the otlice at 
 the time of his death, October 14, l.><.i7. 
 
 Randall, Charles S., of New Be<lford, Mass., 
 was lx)rn at New Bedford, Mas.«., February :2(l, 
 1R24; edueateil at private scIum)!, Friends .\cad- 
 ciny. New Beilford. ami in France; retired fniin 
 niercjintile business in 1S72; representeil tlu' Third 
 Massa«^hu.setts senatorial district in the l^tate sen- 
 ate in 1883-84, elected to the Fifty-tirst Congress 
 
 as a Republican; reele<-ted to the Kifty-s«'cond and 
 Fifty-thinl Congres.«es. 
 
 Randall, Samuel J. , was born at Philadelphia 
 October 111. ISL'S; received an academic education; 
 engaged in mercantile juirsuits; memberof the city 
 councilsof Philadelphia fonryeai-s; meml)erof the 
 Slate senateof Pennsvlvania in l.H.iS-.Ml; elei-ted to 
 the Thirty-eighth, Tliirty-ninlli, Fortieth, Forty- 
 first, Forty-sei-onil. Fortv-lhird. Forty-fourth, 
 Forty-tifth, ancl Forty-sixtii Consire.'^.'ies as a Dem- 
 ocrat: electeil Speaker of the House for the la.«t 
 session of the Forty-fourth, for the Forty-tifth and 
 Forty-sixth Congres.>ies; reelecteil to the Forty- 
 seventh, Forty-eighth, Forty-nintli, Fiftieth, ami 
 Fiftv-lii-st Conirresses; die<l at Washington, D. C, 
 .\pril l:!, 1.S90. 
 
 Randall. William H., wa-^ a native of Ken- 
 tucky; received a liberal eilneation: studied law; 
 in 1.S8."> began practice at l.omlon. Kentucky; 
 I'lerk of the circuit and county courts of laurel 
 County for several years; elected a Representative 
 from Kentucky to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty- 
 ninth Congresses. 
 
 Randell, Choice B., of Sherman. Tex., was 
 born in lieorgia January 1, l.s.=i7; admitted to the 
 bar in 1.S78; moved to Texas in .lanuary, 1879; 
 elected to the Fifty-seventh Congress and reelected 
 to the Fifty-eightli (\ingress as a Democrat. 
 
 Randolph, Edmund J., wius Uirn in Virginia 
 August 10, 17.").'>: receiveil a liberal education; 
 stuiliecl law, and began practice at Williamsburg; 
 served in the ReV(dutionary Army; attorney-gen- 
 eral of Virgiida in 177l>; Delegate from Virginia 
 to the Continental Congress, 177tt-17.H2; governor 
 of Virginia. 17.'«i-17,sS; member of the convention 
 that framed the Federal Constitution; appointed 
 .\ttorney-(ienenil of the Cnited .'^tates September 
 2H, 1789; transferre<l to the .State Department as 
 Secretary of .state. January 2, 1794, hut was in- 
 vited to resign in August. 179.">. having lost thecon- 
 lidence of the President: died in Clarke County, 
 Va,. Septendier l.'i, lSi:i. 
 
 Randolph, James F., was born in Middle-sex 
 County, X. J., June 2li, 1791; n-<-eived a liniiteil 
 education; printer; edited the New Brunswick 
 Freiloniad. 1.'<12-1S42; member of the State house 
 of representatives: elei-ted a Representative from 
 New Jei-sey to the Twentieth Congress ( vice ( Jeorge 
 lloleoud), deceased I: reelected to the Twenty-first 
 and Twenty-second Congre.s.ses; president of a 
 l)ank at New Brunswick; died at Jersev Citv. 
 N. J., March 19. I.'<71. 
 
 Randolph, James H. , was born in Jefferson 
 County. Tenn., October 19. I.s2.'): receive<l a clas- 
 sit'al education; studie<i law and began practice 
 in IS.iO: electeil to the State legislature 1.S.S7 and 
 l,H.is. ami airain in l,st>0-(il; elifted to the sj-nate 
 in l.'<li."); electiii judge of the second jmlicial cir- 
 cuit of Tennessee in 1S(>9; reelected after the eon- 
 stitntional convention in 1870; elected a Reprt-- 
 .sentative from Teinies.see to the Forty-lifth Con- 
 givss lis a Re]inbliean. 
 
 Randolph. John, w;u> lM>rn in Chesterfield 
 Counly. \'a...Iune2. 177.'i: received a chL^sii-al ed- 
 ucation: stmlied law: electe<l a Representative 
 from Virginia to the Sixth Congn-ss as a State- 
 RiLdits DenuM-nit; defeated as theanti-Ma.son nm- 
 didate for the Thirteenth Congress: elecUtl to the 
 Fourteenth Congrei's; ilefeateil for nvleetion to 
 the Fifteenth Congress; eleete<l to the Sixti-enth, 
 Seventeenth, and Kighteenth Congre.s^f; ap- 
 pointed a I'liitetl States .Senator (vice James Bar- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 759 
 
 bour, resigned), serving from December 9, 1825, 
 to March 3, 1827; defeated for reelection in 1827 
 to the United States Senate: elected a Representa- 
 tive from N'irginia to the Twentieth Congress; 
 member of the Virginia constitutional convention; 
 minister to Russia ilay 26, 1830, to September 19, 
 1830, when he resigned; died at Philadelphia, 
 June 24, 1833. 
 
 Randolph, Joseph Fitz, was born in New 
 York in 1803; received a limited education; studied 
 law; liegan practice in 1825 at Freehold; elected a 
 Representative from New Jersey to the Twenty- 
 fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-se\enth Con- 
 gresses as a Whig; member of the State constitu- 
 tional convention in 1844; judge of the State su- 
 preme court 1845-1852; moved to Trenton; moved 
 to Jersey City, where he died March 20, 1873. 
 
 Randolph, Peyton, was born near Williams- 
 burg, Va., in 1723; received a classical education; 
 studied law and practiced; served many years in 
 the Virginia house of liurgesses, and was its 
 speaker several years; president of the A'irginia 
 convention in 1773; delegate to the Continental 
 Congress at Philadelphia, Pa., in 1774, and elected 
 its president, but resigned on account of ill health; 
 reappointed to the Second Congress, which met at 
 Philadelphia in 1775, and again forced to resign 
 on account of ill health; retired to Virginia and 
 died at Philailelphia, Pa., October 22, 1775. 
 
 Randolph, Theodore F., of Morristown, X. J., 
 was born at New Brunswick, N. J., June 24, 1826; 
 received an ordinary education at Rutgers Cram- 
 mar School; merchant; elected to the house of 
 assembly of the State legislature in 1859; to the 
 senate of New Jersey in 1862 (short term), and 
 reelected in 1863 (full term); elected governor of 
 the State of New Jer.sey in 1869, serving until 1872; 
 elected to the United States Senate as a Democrat, 
 to succeed John P. Stockton, Democrat, and took 
 his seat Mandi 4, 1875, serving until ilarch 3, 
 1881. 
 
 Randolph, Thomas Mann, was born in Vir- 
 ginia, October, 1, 1768; received a thorough Eng- 
 lish education; colonel of the Twentieth Infantry, 
 1813-14; elected a Representative from Virginia to 
 the Eighth and Ninth Congresses aa a Democrat; 
 governor of Virginia 1819-1822; died at ■Monticello, 
 the home of Thomas Jefferson, his father-in-law. 
 June 20, 1828. 
 
 Raney, John H., of Piedmont, Mo., was born 
 September 28, 1849, in the county of Wayne; re- 
 ceived a cuunnon school education; read law at 
 Greenville, Mo.; admitted to the practice of law 
 in 1881 ; elected judge of the count}- court of \\'ay ne 
 County auiA served one term; elected and served 
 three full tei'uis as prosecuting attorney of said 
 county; Republican nominee for representative of 
 his county in 1888, but defeated; delegate from his 
 Congressional district t(j the national Republican 
 convention at Minneapolis in 1892; one of the 
 l)oard of regents of tlie State Normal School located 
 at Cape Girardeau, Mo., by ajipnintnient nf (iov- 
 ernor Stone, his term of service expiring 1895; 
 elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress; resumed the 
 practice of law at Piedmont, Mo. 
 
 Rankin, Christopher, was a native of Wash- 
 ington County, Pa.; received a liberal education; 
 moved to Natchez, IMiss. : held several local othces; 
 elected a Representative from Mis-^i-ssippi to the 
 Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nine- 
 teenth Congresses; died at Washington, D. C, 
 March 14, 1826. 
 
 Rankin, Joseph, of IManitowoc, Wis. , was born 
 at Passaic, N. J., September 25, 1833; received an 
 academic education; served in the Union Army 
 three years; in the Wisconsin legislature eleven 
 years; elected totlie Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth 
 Congresses as a Democrat; died January 24, 1886. 
 
 Ranney, Ambrose A. , was 1 lorn at Town- 
 shend, Vt., .Vpril 16, 1821; graduated from Dart- 
 mouth College in the class of 1844; studied law at 
 Woodstock, \'t. ; began practice in Boston in 1848; 
 corporation counsel for that city in 1855-56; mem- 
 ber of the State house of representatives in 1857, 
 1863, ami 1864; elected to the Forty-seventh Con- 
 gress as a Republican ; reelected to the Forty-eightli 
 and Forty-ninth Congresses; after leaving Congress 
 he resumed the practice of law; died March 5, 
 1899, at Boston, :Mass. 
 
 Ransdell, Joseph Eugene, of Lake Provi- 
 dence, La., was born at Alexandria, La., October 7, 
 1858; received his early education in the public 
 schools of Alexandria; graduated from Union Col- 
 lege, Schnectady, N. Y., June, 1882; admitted to 
 the bar June, 1883; elected district attorney of the 
 eight judicial district of Louisiana in April, 1884, 
 which place he held for twelve years; member of 
 the levee board of the fifth Louisiana levee district 
 from May, 1896, imtil after his election to Congress 
 August 29, 1899; a prominent member of the State 
 constitutional convention of Louisiana, in the 
 spring of 1898, which framed a new constitution 
 for the State; interested in cotton planting as well 
 as law; took a most active interest in levee build- 
 ing on the Mississippi Riverformany years; elected 
 to the Fifty-sixth Congress as a Democrat to fill the 
 unexpired' term of Hon. S. T. Baird; reelected to 
 the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congresses. 
 
 Ransier, Alonzo J. , was born at Charle.stou, 
 S. C, January 3, 1836; received a limited educa- 
 tion; held various local offices; elected a member 
 of the State constitutional convention of 1868; 
 member of the State house of representatives in 
 1869; Presidential elector on the Grant and Colfax 
 ticket in 1868; elected lieutenant-governor of 
 South Carolina in 1870; delegate to the national 
 Rei)ublican convention in 1872; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from South Carolina to the Forty-second 
 Congress as a Republican; died at Charleston. 
 S. CT, August 17, 1882. 
 
 Ransom, Matt W., of Northampton County, 
 N. C. (post-office, "Weldon), was born in AVarren 
 County, N. C, Octobers, 1826; received an aca- 
 demic education; graduated from the University 
 of North Carolina in 1847; studied law; admitted 
 to the bar; law_\er and i>lanter: elected attorney- 
 general of North Carolina in 1852; resigned inl8,55; 
 member of the legislature of North Carolina 1858- 
 1860; peace connnissioner from the State of North 
 Carolina to the congress of Southern States at 
 Montgomery, Ala., in 1861; entered the Confed- 
 erate army, serving as lieutenant-colonel, colonel, 
 brigadier-general, and major-general, and surren- 
 dered at Ajjjiomattox ; elected to the United States 
 Senate as a Democrat in January, 1872, and took 
 his seat April 24, 1872; reelected in 1876, 1883, and 
 1889, serving from April 24, 1872, until March 3, 
 1895. 
 
 Rantoul, Robert, was born at Beverly, Mass., 
 August 13, 1805; grailuated from Harvard College 
 in 1826; studied law; |iracticed at South Reading; 
 moved to (Tloucester in 1833; member of the State 
 house of rejjresentatives 183,3-1837; moved to Bos- 
 ton in 1838; United States district attorney for 
 Massachusetts from 1845-1849, when he resigned; 
 
7t">ii 
 
 CONOKKSSIONAI, KIKKCTOKY. 
 
 electi'il a I'nik'd Stales Seiiali>r as a Ki-iiiocrat 
 (vii'i' Diuiii'l WeljstiT, ivsiffiu'cl), siTviii^ fmni 
 Fflnuiiry 21.', 1851, to March .), ISol; L-li.(tf<l a 
 Ki'pivsi'iitative from Massaclnisctl.-' to tin- Tliirty- 
 pwond t'oii<;ress as a l^ciiimral, siTvinj; Imtii De- 
 cemlicr 1, lS,il, to August 7, IS.')'.', wlifii he died 
 at WiLshinjiton, D. C 
 
 Rapier, James T., was horn at Kloreiiee, Ala., 
 in 1.S4II: reieivid a lihcral fdiication; studied law 
 and |irai-li<t'il; held various loeal otiices; eleeted a 
 Kepresentative I'roin Alahama to the Kortv-thinl 
 C'ony:ress as a Ueiiuhliean; defeated lor the Forty- 
 fourth t'onpress. 
 
 Rariden, James, was a native of Kentucky; 
 reeeivi'd a limited ivhicatloii; studied law, and hc- 
 pm practice at t'enterviile. Ind.; served in hotli 
 hranchesof the liidianaState li't;islature; delefrale 
 to the State constitutional convention: elected a 
 Kepresentative from Indiana to the Twenty-fiftli 
 anil Twenty-sixth C'onvtresses as a Wiiifr; died at 
 C'amlirid).'e t'ity, Ind. 
 
 Rathbun, George, w;u^ a native of .\uluirn, 
 N. Y.; received a limited education: held various 
 local offices: elected a Kepresentative from Xew 
 Vork to the Twenty-eiKlith and Twenty-ninth 
 Congresses as a I)em<)cnit. 
 
 Raum, Green B., was horn at (iolconda, 111., 
 Decemher ;>, IS:.';): receiveil a limited e<lucation: 
 studied law, and hegan )irat'tice at Ilarrisl)ur<r; 
 entered the l"nion Army as majorand attained the 
 rank of liri};adier-i.'eMeral; electeda Kepresi^ntative 
 from Illinois to the Fortieth Oonfire.ss as a Kepub- 
 lican; defeated for reelection; Fnited States com- 
 mis.«ioner t)f internal revenue ISTii-l.sS:!; commis- 
 sioner of |iensioMs lSS<)-18i':i; author of numerous 
 works. 
 
 Rawlins, Joseph Lafayette, of Salt Lake City, 
 was liorn in Salt Lake County, Ftah. March 2.S, 
 ]K.">0; completeila classical course in the Fniversity 
 of Indiana, hut, havinj; pone to I'tah, did not re- 
 turn for pra<luation; jirofcssor in th(' I'liiversityof 
 Deseret, in Salt Lake City, I'tah, for two years, 
 until lS7o: admitted to the liar in that year an(l 
 followed the profession of the law until his election 
 as Delegate in IS9L'; electeda Delegate to the Fifty- 
 tliiril Congress as a Democrat; ilefeated for the 
 Fifty-fourth Congress; elected lothe Cnited States 
 Senate in ISilT; took his seat March 4, lsf'7. s.tv- 
 ing until March 3. 1903. 
 
 Ray, George W., of Norwich, X. Y., was horn 
 at Ot.sclic, Chenaniro County, N. Y., Fehruary 3, 
 IS-H; hrouglit upon the farm and educated in the 
 common schools and at Norwich .\i'ademy ; ]irivatc 
 in Company 1!, .Ninetieth New York \'oluntcei-s, 
 and brigade clerk. First Brigade, Fii'st Division, 
 Nineteenth Army Corps; discharged at the close 
 of the war; stuilied law; admitted to practice in 
 November, 1S(>7: largely interested in farming: 
 chairman of the ISepublican countv lonmdttee of 
 his County: member of the ({epubhcau State com- 
 mittee in' ISSd; electeil to the Forty-i-ighth Con- 
 gress as a Kepublican: member of the board of 
 education of .Norwich Academy and I'nion Free 
 School; elect«><l to the Fiftv-second Congress; re- 
 elected to the Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-lifth, 
 Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congres.ses: re- 
 signcil Septendier 17, liKIL', toacr-<*i)t a I'niteil States 
 judgeship in western New York. 
 
 Ray, Joseph Warren, of Wayneshurg, I'a., 
 
 was horn in Morris Townshiji, (ire«-ne County, I'a., 
 May 2.5. 1H4<I: raised on a farm; eilucateil in thi 
 coMin.on schools ami at Waynesburg College 
 
 graduateil from that institution in the cliussieal 
 course in 1K74: read law; admitteil to jiractice in 
 the courts of ( ireene County in lS7ti: elected totlie 
 Fifty-lirst < 'ongrcs- its u Kepublican. 
 
 Ray, Ossian, was born at llinesburv', \'t., De- 
 cemU'r 13, 1H.3.t; moved to Irashurg, \t., in early 
 childhoiRl; received there and at Derby, Vt., a 
 conunon school anil academic education; stmlii'd 
 law live years at Irashurg ami at Ijiiicaster, N. II., 
 to which |ilace he moved in lS.i4: admitteil to the 
 bar in ls.')7; member of the State legislature in 
 IWiS and 18()!i; solicitor for Coos County l.S(iL'-lS7L'; 
 flelegiite at large to the Kepublican national con- 
 vention at I'hiladelphia in .June, 1S7L'; Cniti-d 
 States attorney for the district of New Hampshire 
 from February 22, 1H79, to December 2.f, IKSO, 
 when he resigned; elected to till the vacancv in 
 the Forty-sixth Congress caused by the ileatli of 
 Hon. FvartsW. Farr: elected to the Forty-seventh 
 Congress as a Kepublican: reelected to the Forty- 
 eightli Congre.-^s; died .January 2S, 1892. 
 
 Ray , William H. , was horn in Dutche.«s County, 
 N. V.,De<-endx'r 14,1812; moveil to Oneida County, 
 N.Y., ill 1813; receiveil a conunon si-hool education; 
 moved to Illinois in 1834; merchant: engaL'ed in the 
 banking business in lsti.i; elected a Kepresentative 
 from Illinois to the Forty-third Congress as a Ke- 
 publican. 
 
 Raymond, Henry J., was born at Lima. N. Y., 
 .lamiary 24, 182(1; received a lil)eral education; 
 graduaicd from the Cniversity of \'ermont in 1840; 
 moved to New York City; interested in new spaper 
 work; a member of the State house of representa- 
 tives in 1850; established the New York Times in 
 1851; lieutenant-governor of New York in 1.S.5H; 
 delegate to the national Kepublican convention in 
 IStiO; elected a Kepre.^^entative from New York to 
 the Thirtv-ninth Congress as a Kepublican; died 
 at New York City, .Tune 18. 1869. 
 
 Raymond, John Baldwin, was born at Lock- 
 port, Niagara County. N. Y.. December 5, 1844; 
 moved to Tazewell County, III., in 18.53; enlisted 
 from that comity as a private in the Thirty-lirst 
 Illinois Infantry, under Col. .lohn A. Logan, in 
 l.siil : |)iomoteil to In- ca|itain of Com|>any E of that 
 regiment after the siege of Vickeburg in 1S()3: 
 served through the war and remained in Missis- 
 sip|ii after the muster out; published the Missis- 
 sippi I'ilot at Jackson, Miss., during the recon- 
 struction of that .'^tate and until 1877, when 
 appointed I'nited States marshal of Ilakota: de- 
 clined a reaiipointnient: electeda Delegate from 
 Dakota Territory to the Forty-eighth Congress as 
 a He|iul)licaii: died .lanuary 3, 188(). 
 
 Rayner, Isidor, of lialtiniore. Md.. was txirn 
 April 11, 18.50; educated at the Cniversity of Vir- 
 ginia; admitted to the bar in Baltimore; electiMl 
 to the Marylauil legislature in 1878, and chos<-n 
 chairman of the Baltimore City deU-gation; elected 
 to the State .senate from Baltimore City in l.s.stl for 
 four years; elected to the Fiftieth Congress as a 
 Democrat ; rcele<-te<I to the Fifty-second and Fifty- 
 third Congres.«es. 
 
 Rayner, Kenneth, was bom in Bertie County, 
 N. ('.. in 1808; received a cla.-sical education; ad- 
 mitted to the bar, but never practiced; moved to 
 Hereford County; memlier of the Stale hou.se of 
 repre.sentati\fs st^ven years: elected a Kepresenta- 
 tive from North Carolina to the Twenty-sixth, 
 Twi-nty-seventh, and Twenty-eighlh Coiigres-'es 
 as a Whig; I'residential elector on the Taylor and 
 Fillmore ticket in 1848; appointed solicitor of t!ie 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 nu 
 
 Treasury in 1877; died at Washington, D. C, 
 March 4, 1884. 
 
 Kea, David, was born in Ripley County, Ind., 
 January Ut, 1831; received a liberal education; 
 moved to Missouri in 1842; studied law; began 
 practice at Savannah, ilo. ; elected a Representa- 
 tive fi-oni Missouri to tlie Forty-fourth and Forty- 
 fifth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Bea, Jolin, was l>orn in Pennsylvania in 17oo; 
 received a lilieral education; served in tlie Revo- 
 lutionary Army; several years a member of the 
 Pennsylvania State legislature: elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Pennsylvania to the Eighth, Ninth, 
 Tentli, and Eleventh Congresses; defeated for the 
 Twelfth Congress; elected to the Thirteenth Con- 
 gress; died at Chambersburg, Pa., February 6, 
 1829. 
 
 Read, Almon H., was liorn at Shelburne, Vt., 
 June 12, 1790; graduated from AVilliamstown Col- 
 lege; studied law; began practice at Montrose, Pa. ; 
 served in both branches of the State legislature; 
 State treasurer in 1840; elected a Representative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Twenty-seventh and 
 Twenty-eighth Congresses as a Democrat; died at 
 Montrose, Pa., June 3, 1844. 
 
 Read, Georg-e, was born in Cecil County, ild., 
 Septemlier 17, 17:1:!; received a liberal education; 
 studied law and in 1752 Ijegan practice at New- 
 castle, Del. ; Delegate from Delaware to the Conti- 
 nental Congress 1774-1777; a delegate to the State 
 constitutional convention in 1776, and its president; 
 delegatefrom Delaware totheFederal constitutional 
 convention; a member of the State hou.se of repre- 
 sentatives 1779 and 1780; elected a United States 
 Senator from Delaware, serving from IMarch 4, 
 1789, to December 18, 1793, when he resigned; 
 chief justice of Delaware- died at Newcastle, 
 Del., September 21, 1798. 
 
 Read, J., was a Delegate from Pennsylvania to 
 the Ccjutinental Congress 1787-88. 
 
 Read, Jacob, was born in South Cannina m 
 1752; received a liberal education; studied law in 
 England; practiced at Charleston, S. C. ; served in 
 the Revolutionary Army as colonel; member of 
 the State house of representatives; Delegate from ^ 
 South Carolina to the Continental Congress 1783- [ 
 1786; elected a I'nited States Senator frum South 
 Carolina as a Federalist, serving from 1795 to 1801; 
 judge of the United States court for the <listrict of 
 South Carolina, serving from 1801 until he died at 
 Charleston, S. C, July 17, 1816. 
 
 Read, Nathan, was born afWarren, Mass. , July 
 2, 1759; graduated from Harvard College in 1781; 
 studied medicine; inventor; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Massachusetts to the Sixtli Congress 
 (vice Samuel Sewall, resigned) as a Federalist ; re- 
 elected to the Seventh Congress; moved to a farm 
 near Belfast, Me.; judge of the court of common 
 pleas; died near Belfast, Me., January 20, 1849. 
 
 Read, William B., was born in Hardin Coun- 
 ty, Ky., December 14, 1820; received a liberal 
 education; studied law, and in 1849 began practice 
 at Hodgensville; served several years as a State 
 senator; defeated as the Democratic candidate for 
 lieutenant-governor of Kentucky in 1863; delegate 
 to the Democratic national conventionsat Charles- 
 ton and Baltiim ire in LS6II, and Chicago in 1864; 
 served as a member of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives 1867-1869; elected a Representative 
 from Kentucky to the Forty-second and Forty- 
 third Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Reade, Edwin G. , was born in Orange County, 
 N. C., Novemlier 13, 1812; received a liberal edu- 
 cation; studied law, and in 1836 began practice at 
 Roxboro, N. C. ; elected a Representative from 
 North Carolina to the Thirty-fourth Congress as 
 an American; president of the reconstruction 
 c(in\-ention which met at Raleigli in 1865. 
 
 Reading, JohnR., was born in Philadelphia 
 County, Pa., November 1, 1826; received a libei-al 
 education; studied medicine and began ])ractice; 
 elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Forty-first Congress as a Democrat;" election was 
 succes.sfuUy contested by his opponent, C. N. 
 Taylor, ivho took the seat December 5, 1870; 
 defeated as the Democratic candidate for the 
 Forty-sect ind Congress. 
 
 Ready, Charles, was born at Readville,Tenn., 
 
 December 22, 1802; graduated from Greenville 
 
 College; studied law and-practiced; memberofthe 
 
 State house of fejiresentatives in 1835; electee! a 
 
 I Representative from Tennessee to the Thirtv-third 
 
 j Congress as a Whig; reelected to the Thirty-fourth 
 
 and Thirty-fifth Congresses; defeated for election 
 
 I to the Thirty-sixth Congress. 
 
 Reagan, John H. , of Palestine, Tex. . was born 
 in Sevier County, Tenn., October 8, 1818; received 
 a common-school and limited collegiate education; 
 lawyerand farmer; settled in the Republic of Texas 
 in May, 18:59; deputy surveyor of the jiublic lamls 
 1839-1843; elected to the State house of represent- 
 atives for two years in 1847; elected judge of the 
 district court for six years in 1852; resigned, and 
 reelected for six years in 1856; elected Represent- 
 ative to the Thirty-fifth Congress from the First 
 district of Texas; reelected to the Thirtv-sixth 
 j Congress; elected to the secession conven'tion of 
 Texas in 1861; elected, with others, by that con- 
 vention deputy to the provisional congress of the 
 Confederacy; appointed postmaster-general of 
 the provisional government of the Confederacy 
 March 6, 1861; reappointed on the permanent 
 organization of the Confederate government in 
 1862 and occupied the position until the close of 
 the war; also appointed acting secretary of the 
 treasury of the Confederate government for a 
 short time preceding the close of the war; mem- 
 ber of the State constitutional convention of 1875; 
 elected to the Forty-fom-th, Forty-fifth. Forty- 
 sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, aiid Fort v-ninth 
 Congresses as a Democrat; elected to the'Uuited 
 States Senate to succeed Samuel B. Maxev. Dem- 
 ocrat, and took his seat ^March 4, 1887; after leav- 
 ing\ the United States Senate returned to Texas 
 and apiiointed a member of the railroad conunis- 
 sion of the State of Texas. 
 
 Reding, John R., was ourn at Haverhill, 
 N. II.; received a liberal education; studied law 
 and practiced; elected a Representative fnim New 
 Hampshire to the Twenty-seventh and Twenty- 
 eight li (_'( mgresses as a Democrat; naval sti irekeeper 
 at Portsmouth 1853-1858; mayor of Portsmouth; 
 served in the State house of representatives; died 
 at Portsmouth, N. H., October 8, 1892. 
 
 Reed, Charles M., was a native of Pennsyl- 
 vania; attended the public schools; engaged "in 
 steamboating on the lakes; elected a Represent- 
 ative from Pennsylvania to the Twentv-eighth 
 Congress as a AVhi'g; died at Erie. Pa.. Decend)er 
 16, 1871. 
 
 Reed, Edward C, was born at Fitzwilliam, 
 N. H., March 8, 1793; graduated from Dartmouth 
 College in 1812; stmlied law; began practice at 
 
70l' 
 
 CONdUKSSlUNAL DlUKCToKV. 
 
 Ilciim-r, X. Y., ill ISl-1; ckrli'il a Kt'prosentativt' 
 fnim New York to tlieTwoiity-secDiid C'onpress as 
 a iH'iniiirat. 
 
 Reed, Isaac, was liorn at Walilnlmro, Me., in 
 ISIO: ii'ccivimI a liiiiilcilo(liu'atii)n; iniTcliant; six 
 years a iMi'iiiliiT cif the State In mse nl' reiiresenta- 
 tives; defeateil lor the Tliirty-seeoiiil C'liniiress; 
 eleete<l a Kepreseiitative froin Elaine to the Thirtv- 
 seeoiifl foiijiress ( viee Cluirles Amlrews, deceaseA ) 
 as a Whi'_'; elected State treasurer in IS'iii. 
 
 Reed, John, was born at West BridRewator. 
 ^lass., Se|)teinher 2, 17SI; ■;rachiated t'roin Hrown 
 University in ISO:? ; tutor in that institution for two 
 yeai-s; studied law and lie;_'an [iraitieeat Yanuoutli; 
 i?leete<l a Kepresentative from Massjiehusettstothe 
 Thirteenth and Kourteenth ('on<.'resses as a Feder- 
 alist; reeleeted to the Sevi'nteenth, Ki^rhteelith, 
 Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-tirst, Twenty-see- 
 ond. Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, Twenty-lifth, 
 and Twenty-sixth Couizresses: lieutenant-^'overnor 
 of Mas.-'aehusetts KS45-18")1: died at West Bridfre- 
 water, Ma-^s., Xovendier 25, l.S(i(). 
 
 Reed, John, was horn at Kraniinjihani, Mass., 
 NovemU'r 11, 17ol; graduated from Yale in 177L'; 
 stiidii'd theolopry, and ordained in 17S(I: moved to 
 \Vest Bridnewater, Ma.-s. ; elected a I\ei)resentative 
 from Massaeliusetts to the Fourtli, Fifth, and Sixth 
 Confiresses; died at West liridjrewater, Mass., F'eh- 
 niary 17, ISSl. 
 
 Reed, Joseph, was horn at Trenton, X. J., 
 An>rust 27, 1741; jiradnated from Princeton Collesre 
 in 17.57: studied law at the Tem|ile. in London; 
 returned in 17112 and betrari practice at Trenton; 
 took an active part in )ire-Kevoluti'.inary affairs; 
 president of the Pennsylvania convention in .lan- 
 uary. 177.t; accompanied (icneral Wasliinf;ton to 
 Cand)ridf;e as his aid-de-camp ami military se<'re- 
 tary in July, 177.5; served durinc the eampaij;n of 
 17711; nele;;ate from Pennsylvania to the Continen- 
 tal Conjiress 1777-78; president of the State of 
 Pennsvlvania 177H-17S1: died at Philadelphia 
 March' .">. 1 7S."i. 
 
 Reed, Joseph R., of t'ouncil Bluffs. Iowa, was 
 born in .\shland County, Ohio, March 12, 183.'); 
 edui-ated in the common schools and at Iheacaileniy 
 at llayesville, Ohio; lawyer by jirofessimi; .^^ettled 
 in lowa in 1S.">7; served during; the war of the re- 
 liellion as an ollicer in the Second P.attery. Iowa 
 I.ijrht Artillery, from .Inly, isiil. to .Tunc. ISli.'i; 
 mendierof the lowa State .-cnate in I.Sliliand 18(18; 
 jud>;eof the district court from .September 1, 1872, 
 tclanuarv 1, 1S84, and jud^'eof thesui)renie court 
 of the State from the latter date to Mar.'li 1, 188!); 
 elei-ted to the Fifty-first ( 'omrrcss as a Republican. 
 
 Reed. Philip, was born in Kent County, Md., 
 about 17ii(l; received a liberal education; ca]>tain 
 in tlieKi'VoIutioiiary Army; electeil a Inited States 
 •'fenator from Maryland (vice Robert Wrij.dit, re- 
 signeil I, servin;; from Decendier 29, isixi, tn March 
 S, 181,S; elected a Representative from Maryland to 
 the Fifteenth ( 'on!:re.«s; eleited to the Seventeenth 
 Con).'ress ( having; successfully contested the seat of 
 Jeremiah Causilen), and serveil from March 20, 
 1.S22. to .March :i, 182S; .lied at Hiintinjiville, Md., 
 Xovendier 2, 182!t. 
 
 Reed, Robert R., wasanativeof Pennsylvaida; 
 received a liberal education; stuilied medicine; 
 be>:an praiticeat Washint'toii, Pa.; mendierof the 
 State house of rejiresentatives; elected a Re|>re- 
 sentative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-tirst 
 Congress as a Whin; died at llarrisburii. Pa., De- 
 eendxT l.i, I.StM. 
 
 Reed, Thomas B., was a native of Kentucky; 
 received a classical eiliication; stii<lie<i law and 
 be;;an pra<tice at l.exin}.'ton; moved to Natchez, 
 Miss.; elected a I'nited . 'states Senator from Mi.s- 
 si.xsipi>i (viee I). Holmes, resijined), serving from 
 March 11, 182(i, to Marcli :i, 1S27; reeleeted, and 
 while on his wav to Washintrton, D. C, died at 
 I.e\ini;ton, Ky., S'oveudxT 2(3, 182!t. 
 
 Reed, Thomas B., was bom at Portland, Me., 
 < )ctol)er IS, 18:59; (graduated from liowiloin College, 
 Maine, in bSdO; studied law; acting a-isistant pay- 
 master, v. S. Navy, from .\pril 19, 1.8114. to Novem- 
 ber 4, 1.8(1.'); admitted to the bar in 18(1.") and <'om- 
 menced in-actice at Portland; member of the State 
 hou.-ie of rejiresentatives 18(1.8-(19 and of the State 
 senate in 1870; attornev-general of Maine 1870- 
 1872; city solicitor of Portland 1874-1877; elected 
 to the FVirty-tifth, I'orty-sixth, Forty-.aeventh, 
 Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth. Fiftieth, Fifty-first, 
 l'"ifty-second. Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-lifth, 
 and Fifty-sixth Congresses; Speaker of the Mouse 
 of Representatives in the Fifty-tirst, Fifty-fourth, 
 ' and I'ifty-tifth Congres.«es; resigneil in 1.S99; moved 
 to New York Citv and engaged in the |)raetice of 
 law; died DecendJer 7, 1902, at Wa.sliington, 1>. C. 
 
 Reed, William, was born at Marblehead, Ma-^s., 
 
 ' in 1777; ri'ceived a limited e<lucatinn; meri-hant; 
 
 elected a Representative from Mas.sichusetts to 
 
 the Twelfth Congre.-is as a FVderalist; reelected to 
 
 I the Thirteenth Congress; died at Marblehead, 
 
 ' Mass., February IS, 1,887. 
 
 Reeder, "William Augustus, of I.ngan, I'hillips 
 Comity, was born August 28, 1.H49, in Cumberland 
 County, I'a. ; emigrated to Ipava, Fulton Countv, 
 III., where, at the age of 14 years, he began teach- 
 ing in the public schools, a vocation he followed 
 until ;i:! years of age, the last ten years of his work 
 being in Kansas, where he was principal of the 
 Heloit jiublic s<-hools; engaged in the banking 
 business in the city of Logan, Kans., August 18, 
 187(1; in 1890. in partnership with A. II. F.llis and 
 J. J; Wiltrout, purchased an extensivi' tract of 
 land on the Solomon River and establislunl the 
 largest irrigation farm in the State of Kansas; oj)- 
 erated as a cattle and bog ranch; elected to the 
 I Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh Congres.«es as a Re- 
 publii'an; reelected to the Fifty-eighth Congress. 
 
 Reese, David A., was a native of South Caro- 
 lina; received a limiteil education; moved to 
 Moiiticello, <ia. ; elected a Representative from 
 Oeorgia to the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Reese, Seaborn, of Sparta, On., was born at 
 Madison, Morgan County, Cia., XovemlK-r 28, 184(1; 
 educatecl partly at the fniversity of lieorgia, 
 which institution he left in his senior year, IStiS; 
 ' jiracticed law; eleited repre.'^entative in the gen- 
 eral assembly of (ieorgia in 1872 for the term of 
 two yeai's; solicitor-general of the northern juili- 
 cial lircuit from 1877 to 1.'<S0; Presiilential elector 
 on the Hancock tii-ket in I.SSO; elected as a Dem- 
 ocrat to till the vacancy in the Forty-seventh Con- 
 gress caused by the resignation of A. H. .Stephens 
 after his election as governor of (ieorgia; reelected 
 to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congre.-^es. 
 
 Reeves, Henry A., was l)orn at Sag Ilarlxir, 
 X. Y.. Deci-ndier 7. 18:i2; graduated from I'nioii 
 College, New York, in 1.S.V2; studii><l law; admilteii 
 to the bar; eilited the Republican at (Ireeiiport in 
 1,S.")S; elected a Kepresentative from New York to 
 the Forty-tirst Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Reeves, Walter, of Streator, III., was Uirii 
 i September 2."), 1S4S, near Brownsville, Pa.: moved 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 763 
 
 to Illinois in 1856; lived on a farm; lieoanie a 
 teaclier ami lawyer; elected to the Fiftv-fourth, 
 Fifty-iifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Con- 
 gresses as a Republican. 
 
 Reid, Charles Chester, was born at Clarks- 
 ville, Johnson County, Ark., June 15, 1868; en- 
 tered the State University at Fayetteville in 188.3; 
 entered the law department of Vanderbilt Univer- 
 sity, at Xashville, Tenn., in 1885, and received the 
 degree of bachelor of laws fri:im that institution in 
 1887; won the university's medal fur oratory: 
 began the jiractice of law at Morrilltim; elected 
 prosecuting attorney of liis judicial district in 1894; 
 reelected in 1896; voluntarily retired from office in 
 1898; elected a Representative from Arkansas to 
 the Fifty-seventh Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Reid, David Settle, was born in Rockingham 
 County, X. C, April 19, 181o; studied law, and in 
 1843 began practice; member of the State senate 
 1835-1840; elected a Representati\e from North 
 Carolina to the Twenty-eight li and Twenty-ninth 
 Congresses as a Democrat; defeated as the Demo- 
 cratic candidate for governor of North Carolina in 
 1848; elected governor of North Carolina in 1850, 
 and reelected in 1852; elected a United States 
 Senator from North Carolina, serving from 1854 to 
 1859; ilelegate to the peace congress in 1861. 
 
 Reid, James Wesley, was l)orn at A\'entworth, 
 Rockingham County, N. C, June 11, 1849; received 
 an academic education; tutor in Emory and Henry 
 College, Virginia, from which he graduated in 1869; 
 studied law; admitted to the bar. June, 1873; lawj'er 
 and farmer; elected covmty treasurer of Rocking- 
 ham County, N. C, in August, ]874, and contin- 
 uously elected to said office until he resigned the 
 same in Nijvember, 1884; elected to serve out the 
 unexpired term of Governor A. 1\I. Scales, resigned, 
 in the Forty-eighthCongressatthe special election, 
 January 15, 1885; reelected to the Forty-ninth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; resigned December 31, 1886; 
 moved to Idaho in 1887 and engaged in the practice 
 of law; died January 1, 1902. ' 
 
 Reid, John W. , was born at Lynchburg, Va., 
 June 14, 1821; received a common school educa- 
 tion; moved to Missouri in 1840; studied law; 
 began practice in 1844; captain in the Mexican 
 war; two years a member of the State legislature; 
 elected a Representati\e from Missouri to the 
 Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat, and 
 served ihiring the first session, from July 4, 1861, 
 to August 6, 1861; entered the Confederate army; 
 expelled the tirst day of the second session, De- 
 cember 2, 1861. 
 
 Reid, Robert Raymond, was born in Beaufort 
 District, S. C, Septembers, 1789; moved to Au- 
 gusta, Ca. ; studied law; jirat'ticed; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from (Georgia to the Fifteenth Congress 
 (vice John Forsyth, elected Senator) as a Demo- 
 crat; reelected to the Sixteenth and Seventeenth 
 Congresses; mayor of Augusta; judge of the supe- 
 rior court of Georgia; appointed United States 
 judge for the district of east Florida in 1832; gover- 
 nor of the Territory of Florida 18.39-1841; presi- 
 ilent of the convention which framed a constitu- 
 tion for the State of Florida; died at Tallahassee, 
 Fla.. July 1, 1844. 
 
 Reilly, James B., of Pottsville, Pa., was born 
 in West Brunswig Township, Schuvlkill Conntv, 
 Pa., August 12, 1845; educated at'the Pottsvil'le 
 High School, from which he graduated in 1862; 
 read law; admitted to the bar January 11, 1869, at 
 Pottsville; elected district attorney of Schuylkill 
 County October 8, 1871, and sensed until Jaiiuary 
 
 1, 1875; elected to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth 
 Congresses; delegate to the Democratic national 
 convention in 1880; nominated liy the Democratic 
 county convention for law judge of his county in 
 1881 and again in 1882, and also as the candidate 
 for Congress in 1884, but was defeated at the elec- 
 tion; elected to the Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and 
 Fifty-third Congresses as a Democrat; resumed 
 the practice of his professionafterleavingCongress. 
 
 Reilly, John, was born at Abnerville, Indiana 
 County, Pa., February 22, 1836; received a limited 
 education; entereil the service of the Pennsylvania 
 Railroad Cfimpany April 10, 1854; appointed su- 
 perintendent of transportation April 1, 1865; re- 
 signed U]ion being elected a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Forty-fourth Congress as a 
 Democrat; defeated for reelection; president of 
 the board of city commissioners of Altoona in 
 1872-73; president of the Bells Gap Railroad Com- 
 pany in 1872-73. 
 
 Reilly, Wilson, was a native of Penns.ylvania; 
 received a common school education; studied law 
 and practiced; elected a Rei)resentative from Penn- 
 sylvania to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; defeated for reelection to the Thirty-sixth 
 Congress. 
 
 Reily, liuther, was a native of Pennsylvania; 
 received a liberal education ; studied medicine and 
 l)egan practice at Harrisburg; held various local 
 offices; elected a Representative from Pennsylvania 
 to the Twentv-fifth Congress as a Democrat; died 
 at Harrisburg, Pa., in 1839. 
 
 Relfe, James H., was a native of Virginia; 
 moved to i\Iissouri; received a limited education; 
 studied medicine and began practice at Caledonia, 
 jMo.; electeil a Reiiresentative from Missouri to 
 the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Rencher, Abraham, was a native of Wake 
 County, N. C; graduated from the University of 
 North Carolina in 1822; studied law; practiced in 
 Chatham County; elected a Representative from 
 North Carolina to the Twent v-tirst, Twentv-second, 
 Twenty-third, Twi-nty-fourth, and Twenty-fiftl 
 Congresses as a A\'hig; elected to the Twenty- 
 seventh Congress; charge d'affaires to Portugal 
 1843-1847; governor of the Territory of New 
 Mexico 1857-1861. 
 
 Revels, Hiram R. , was born at Fayetteville, 
 N. C, Septend)er 1, 1822; unable to obtain an edu- 
 cation in his own native State, moved to Indiana 
 and attended the Quaker Seminary in I'nion 
 County; became a ])reacher; lectured among his 
 people in the State of Indiana, Illinois, Ohio, and 
 Missouri; preaching at Baltimore, Md., at the 
 breaking out of the civil war and assisted in the 
 organization of the first two colored regiments in 
 Maryland; taught school in St. Louis; went to 
 Vickslnirg and a.ssisteil in managing the freedmen 
 affairs; organized churches and lectureil; returneil 
 to Mississippi and locaterl at Natchez; helil vari- 
 ous local offices; elected a United States Senator 
 from Mississiiipi as a Re])ul)licau, serving from 
 February 25, 1870, to March 3, 1871; presiilent of 
 Alcora Agricultural University, Rodney, Miss.; 
 moved to Richmond, Ind., and became jiastorof 
 the African Methodist Episcopal Church; died Jan- 
 uary 16, 1901, at Aberdeen, Miss. 
 
 Reyburn, John Edgar, of Philadelphia, Pa., 
 was born at New Carlisle. Clark County, Ohio. 
 February 7, 1845; educated Ijy private tutor, and 
 at Saunders Institute, West Philadelphia; studied 
 
764 
 
 CONORKS8IONAL DIKECTOHY. 
 
 law; admitted tn tlic bar in Pliilnflolpliia in 1S70; 
 hU'IiiIkt of the liiiust» of repieMeiitatives of I'eiin- 
 Bvlvania, sessions 1S71, lS74-l.s7li: elected a nieni- 
 beri>f the senate of Pennsylvania for a term of four 
 years from l>eceud>er I, I.s7(i, and reelected No- 
 vember, ISSO; elected i«resident i>ro tempore for 
 the session of 1SS.S: reelected senator Novend)er, 
 18S4, anil a>rain elected Novend)er, ISSS, for a 
 term of four yeai>: elected as a He|>nl)lican to ; 
 fill tlie unexiiired term of Ilc^n. William 1>. Kelley 
 to the riftv-lirst t'onfrress I'elniiary IS, ISIM); re- 
 eh'cted totlie Fifty-second, l''ifty-third, and Kifty- 
 fourlli Coiii'resses. 
 
 Reynolds, Edwin K., was born at Tort Ann, 
 N. Y., ImImiuitv 111. ISlli: received a classical edu- 
 cation; principal of the Albion Academy, Orleans 
 County, N. Y.. for six years; comity superinten- 
 dent is43-b'<4.T; studied law; be^an practice at 
 Albion; electeil a Ke])resentative from New York 
 to t be Thirty-si xth Confiress ( vice S. M . Hnrronfihs, 
 deceaseil) as a Kepublican; judj;e and surrogate 
 of Orleans County, 18t«-18t)8. 
 
 Reynolds, Gideon, was a native of New York; 
 resided at lloosick; received a limited education; 
 ele<-ted a Hepresentative from New York to the 
 Thirtieth and Thirty-tirst Congresses as a Whig. 
 
 Reynolds, James B., of Clarksville, Tenn.., 
 was elected a Kepri'sentative from Tennes,see to 
 tlic Fourteenth and ICighteenth Congresses. 
 
 Reynolds, John, was born in Montgomery 
 County, I'a., February 2t), 178!l: located with his 
 parents in the vicinity of Kaskaskia, 111., in 1.8(10; 
 received a cla.ssical education; studied law; began 
 practice at Cahokia in 1811'; elected a justii-e of the 
 Illinois supreme innrt in 1818; member of the 
 State house of repn'sentatives l,8L'7-18L'!t; elected 
 governor of Illinois in l,8:il, and in 1.8.S2 took the 
 helil as connnander of the State militia in the 
 Black Hawk war; appouite<l a liepresentative from 
 Illinois to the Twenty-third Congre.''s as a Demo- 
 crat (vice Charles Slaile. deceased); elected to the 
 Twentv-fourth Congress; defeated for reelection to 
 the Twenty-tifth Congress; electe<I to the Twenty- 
 Bixth and' Twenty-seventh Congresses; again a 
 member of the State liouse <>i representatives in 
 1,'vKi and 18.i2, serving the last term as speaker; 
 died at Belleville, 111., May 8, 1865. 
 
 Reynolds, John H., was bom at Morean, 
 N. Y.. .Innc L'l. ISHi; received a lil)eral education; 
 8tudie<l law; liegan practice at Albany in 184.'5; 
 postmivter of .\lbany in IS.VJ; elected a Hepresent- 
 ative from New York tothe Thirty-sixth ('tingre.ss 
 as a Hepubliian; resumed the practice of law : ap- 
 jiointed a judge of the commission of appeals of 
 the State, which jHisition lie held until tin- expira- 
 tion of the court liy constitutional limitation ,Iuly 
 1,1875; died at his country residence at Kinder- 
 hook, Septemlter 24, 187.n. 
 
 Reynolds, Joseph, was a native of Virgil. N.Y'. ; 
 received a liberal education; mendier of the State 
 house of repre.-^entalives in 181it; elected a Kepre- 
 sentative from New York tf> the Twenty-fourth 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Rhea, John, was born in 1753; movcil to Sul- 
 livan County, Tenn. ; rt-ceived a limited education; 
 electdl a Hepresentative from Tennessee to the 
 Kighth. Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, and 
 Tbirteeiitb ( 'ongresses as a Democrat; appointed 
 Cnited Stati-s comnii.ssi<uier to treat with I he Choc- 
 taws in ISKI; agJiin electeil to the Fifteenth, Six- 
 ti-enth, an<l Seventeenth Congre.s-ws; died Mav 27. 
 1«;{2. 
 
 Rhea, John S.. of Hus.sp|lvillo. Ky.. was Imrn 
 in Kus.scllville. l.oyan ( oiintv, Ky.. .March!*. 18.5.5; 
 educated at Bi-thel College, Hus.sellville, Ky., and 
 Washington ami I^ee I'niversity, Ix'xington, Va. ; 
 lincenscd to practice law in the fall of 187H; electe<l 
 prosi'cuting attorney for Logiin County in 1878; 
 again elected in 18S2; electeil Presidential elwtor 
 on the Democratic ticket in 1.SS4 f,ir the Third dis- 
 trict of Kentucky and elector for the State at large 
 in ISS.S; delegate from the Third district to the 
 national Democratic cnnvontioii in 1S!I2. and vote<l 
 jigainst the nomination of (irover Cleveland; dele- 
 gate from the .'^tate at large to the national Demo- 
 cratic convention in 1.89(>; put the name of Senator 
 J. C. S. Blackburn in nomination liefore the con- 
 vention for President; elected to the Fifty-tifth 
 Congress as a Democratic-Populist; reelected to 
 the Fifty-sixth. Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth 
 C"i mgresses. 
 
 Rhea, William Francis, of Bristol, Va., was 
 born in Washington County, Va., ISHO: worked 
 on a farm and attended Oldlield School; attended 
 college about thre<> yeai-s; studied law ; admitted 
 to the bar; soon afterwards elected judge of the 
 county court of Washington County; served four 
 years; elected to the State senate; .served four 
 years; elected judge of the city court of Bristol; 
 resigned the city judgeship and resumeil the|irac- 
 tice of law in 1895; elected to the Fifty-sixth and 
 Fifty-seventh ConL'nsses as a Democrat. 
 
 Rhett, Robert Barnwell, was Ixirn at Bean- 
 fort, S. C, December 24, 1800; received a liberal 
 education; studied law; began practice at Beau- 
 fort in 1S24; nj) to this time he had been known 
 by his faniilv name of .Smith, but he dropjied it 
 and resumeil the name of an ancestor, Kliett; 
 attorney-general of South Carolina; elected a Hep- 
 resentative from South Carolina to the Twenty- 
 fifth. Twenty-sixth. Twenty-.'^eventh, Twenty- 
 eighth, Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth Congresses 
 as a Democrat; elected a I'nited States Senator 
 from South Carolina ( vice.I. C. Calhoun, deceased ), 
 .serving froni,Ianuary 6, 1851-52, when he resigned; 
 delegate to the South Carolina secession conven- 
 tion in l.stil; moved to St. James Parish; die<l 
 there September 14, 187K. 
 
 Ricaud, James B., was lv>m at Baltimore, 
 Md.. February 11, L^OS; graduated from Washing- 
 ton College, >Id.; studied law; began practice at 
 Chestertown. Md.; member of the State house of 
 reiiresentatives in 1834 and the State senate 1.8:?t>- 
 1844; Presidential elector in 18.'?<i on the Harrison 
 ticket and again in 1844 on the Clay ticket; electe<l 
 a Hepresentative from Maryland to the Thirty- 
 fourth and Thirty-lifth Congresses as an Ameri- 
 can: died at Chestertown. Md., .lanuary 24, 18ti«). 
 
 Rice. Alexander Hamilton, was born at New- 
 ton, Ma.ss.. .\ugust:?0, 1818; graduated from Union 
 College in 1844; jiaper manufacturer at Boston; 
 niavor of Boston in 18.5(5 and 1857; elected a Hep- 
 resentative from MiLs.sichusettstothe Thirty-sixth, 
 Thirty-seventh. Thirty-eighth, and Thirty-ninth 
 Congresses as a Hepnblican; governornf .Mas.sachu- 
 setts Is7t>-1878; died at Boston, Mass., Julv 22, 
 1895. 
 
 Rice. Americus V.. wiu* bom at Perryville, 
 
 .\shland County. Ohio. November 18, is;i5; re- 
 ceived a cla.ssir:il education; gradiiate<l from Cnion 
 (.'ollege. New York, in IsiiO; law student when he 
 enlistinl in the Cnion .\rmy in l.stil; rti'eivi*d 
 various iiromotions and attaineii the rank of brig- 
 adier-general of I'niteil States Volunteers; dis- 
 charged from the service JaUuary, 18(5(5; manager 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 765 
 
 of private banking house; delegate to the Demo- 
 cratic national convention at Baltimore in 1872; 
 elected a Representative from Ohio to the Forty- 
 fourth and Forty-tifth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Rice, Benjamin F. , was born at East Otto, 
 Cattaraugus County, N. Y., May 26, 1828; received 
 a liberal education; studied and practiced law; 
 moved to Kentucky and practiced his profession; 
 member of the Kentucky State legislature in 
 1855-56; Presidential elector in 1856; moved to 
 Minnesota in 1860; captain in Minnesota Volun- 
 teers in the I'nion Army, serving three years; set- 
 tled at Little Rock, Ark., in 1864; resumed the 
 practice of law; active in organizing the Repub- 
 lican party in Arkansas; elected a United States 
 Senator from Arkansas as a Republican, serving 
 from June 3, 1868, to March 3, 1873. 
 
 Rice, Edmund, was born at Waitsfield, Vt., 
 February 14, 1819; received a common school edu- 
 cation; went to Kalamazoo, Mich., November, 
 1838; read law; appointed register of the court of 
 chancery in 1841 for the third circuit; appointed 
 master in chancery; ap]jointed clerk of the su- 
 preme ciiurt, third circuit; served as register and 
 master until 1S45, when the court was abolished, 
 and clerk until 1849; enlisted to serve in the Mexi- 
 can war in 1847; commissioned first lieutenant, 
 Compa.iy A, First Regiment Michigan Volunteers; 
 detailed as acting assistant commissary subsistence 
 and acting assistant quartermaster; mustered out 
 in August, 1848; moved to St. Paul in July, 1849, 
 and practiced law till 1856; president of the Minne- 
 sota and Pacific Railroad Company from 1857 till 
 1863; St. Paul and Pacific Railroad 1863 till 1872, 
 and trustee till 1879; president St. Paul and 
 Chicago 1863 till 1877; member of the Territorial 
 legislature 1851 ; State senatorl864-1866, 1874-1876; 
 member of the State house of representatives 1867, 
 1872, 1877, and 1878; mayor of St. Paul 1881-1883; 
 reelected in 1885, and resigned in February, 1887; 
 elected to the Fiftieth Congress as a Democrat; 
 died July 11, 1889. 
 
 Rice, Edward Y., was born in Logan County, 
 Ky., February 8, 1820; received a classical educa- 
 tion; studied law and practiced; moved t(j Illinois 
 and located in Montgomery County; elected county 
 recorder in 1847; member of the State legislature 
 of Illinois 1849-50; judge of the Montgomery 
 County court for two years; appointed master in 
 chancery for that county from 1853 to 1857, when he 
 was elected judge of the eighteenth circuit of Illi- 
 nois, and reelected in 1861 and 1S67; member of 
 the constitutional convention of the State of Illi- 
 inois in 1869-70; elected a Representative from 
 Illinois to the Forty-second Congress asa Democrat. 
 
 Rice, Henry M., was born at Waitsfield, Vt., 
 November 29, 1816; received a liberal education; 
 resided in the Territories of Iowa, Wisconsin, and 
 Minnesota; elected a Delegate from Jlinnesota 
 Territory to the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth 
 Congresses as a Democrat; elected a LTniteil States 
 Senator from i\Iinnesota, serving from May 12, 
 1858, to March 3, 1863; elected treasurer of Ram- 
 say County in 1878; died in 1894. 
 
 Rice, John B., was born at Fremont, Ohio; 
 physician and surgeon, lecturer on military sur- 
 gery and obstetrics in the Charity Ho.spital Medical 
 College and medical department of the L'niversity 
 of Wooster at Cleveland, Ohio; served on the 
 medical staff during the rebellion as assistant, 
 surgeon <if the Tenth, and surgeon of the Seventy- 
 second (*iiio ^'olunteer Infantry, and as surgeoii- 
 in-chief ni division in the Fifteenth Army Corps 
 
 and of the district of Memphis; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Ohio to the Forty-seventh Congress 
 as a Republican; died at Fremont, Ohio, January 
 14, 1893. 
 
 Rice, John B., was born at Easton, Md., in 
 1809; received a limited education; went on the 
 stage in New York in 1839; mo\ed to Chicago, 
 111.; manager of a theater; retired from the stage 
 in 1857; elected mayor of Chicago in 1865 and 
 1867; elected a Representative from Illinois to 
 the Forty-third Congress as a Republican, serving 
 from December 1, 1873, to December 16, 1874, 
 when he died at Norfolk, Va. 
 
 Rice, John H., was born at Mount Vernon, 
 Me., February 5, 1816; received a limited educa- 
 tion; studied law; interested in lumbering opera- 
 tions; Ijegan the practice of law in 1848; State 
 attorney 1852-1860; elected a Representative from 
 Maine to the Thirty-seventh, Thirty-eighth, and 
 Thirty-ninth Congresses as a Republican; collector 
 of customs at the port of Bangor, Me , 1867-1871; 
 moved to Washington, D. C. ; practiced law. 
 
 Rice, John M. , was a native of Floyd County, 
 Ky., and resided at Louisa; received a limited 
 educat ion ; member of the State house of represent- 
 atives in 1859 and 1867; elected a Representative 
 from Kentucky to the Forty-first and Forty-second 
 Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Rice, Theron M., was born at Mecca, Trum- 
 bull Count}-, Ohio, September 21, 1829; entered 
 the academy at C'hester, Ohio, wliere he remained 
 four years, teaching a district schcjol during the 
 winter months; left Chester with a view of enter- 
 ing college; continued his teaching, employing his 
 leisure hours in reading law; admitted tothe bar 
 in June, 1854, and jjracticed for about three years 
 in Mahoning County, Ohio; moved in the spring 
 of 1858 to California, iloniteau County, Mo.; 
 served in the war of the rebellion, from the spring 
 of 1861 to the fall of 1865, in the United States 
 Infantry "S'olunteer service from Missouri, receiv- 
 ing gradual promotion from first lieutenant to 
 colonel, inclusive; employed actively in the field 
 with his command, following and sharing the for- 
 tunes of the Fifteenth Army Corps untiltlie end; 
 returning to Missouri in the springof 1866, renewed 
 the practice of his profession at Tipton, ]\Ioniteau 
 County; elected in 1868 circuit judge, and per- 
 formed the duties for one term of six years; an 
 earnest Repul)licau until 1876; elected a Represent- 
 ative from Missouri to the Forty-seventh Congress 
 as aNational (.Treenbacker; died November 15, 1895. 
 
 Rice, Thomas, was a native of Massachusetts; 
 graduated frdui Harvard College in 1791; studied 
 law and practiced; elected a Representative from 
 ^Massachusetts to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth 
 Congresses; died in 1854. 
 
 Rice, William W., was born at Deerfield, 
 Mass., March 7, 1826; fitted for college at Gorham 
 Academy, INIaine; graduated from Bowiloin Col- 
 lege in 1846; preceptor in Leicester Academy, 
 Massachusetts; studied law at Worcester; admitted 
 to the bar and practiced at Worcester; appointed 
 judge of in.solvency for the county of Wurcester in 
 1858; mayor of the city of Worcester in 1860; dis- 
 trict attorney for the middle district of ]Ma,ssachu- 
 setts 1869-1874; meml^er of the State house of rep- 
 resentatives in 1875 ; elected a Representative from 
 Massachusetts to the Forty-fifth Congress as a 
 Republican; reelected to the Forty-sixth, Fortv- 
 seventh, Furty-eiglith, and Forty-ninth Con- 
 gresses; resumed the practice of law until lie died 
 at Worcester, Mass., March 1, 1896. 
 
7<".('. 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DlKKlToKY. 
 
 Rich, Charles, was born in lliunpshiroCountv, 
 MiU-.'^., in 1771; imiivimI tn Slicirelmni, Vt.; ri-ccivi'il 
 a liniili'd cilucatitin; licM varinns local ottitiv; 
 elt-rti'il a HvprcMMitativc I'nmi Vermont to the 
 Thirlei'iith C'oujrrei-sa.s a lU-inorrat; cU'cted to the 
 Fifteenth, Sixteenth. Seventeenth, ami Kit;hteenth 
 Conjiressef, serving; from Deciniher 1, IS17, to Oc- 
 tober 1'), ISLM, when he ilieil at Shorehani, Vt. 
 
 Rich, John T., of Kllia, Mich., was liorn at 
 Conneantville, Crawford County, I'a., April 2.S, 
 1841; receiveilanacadeinieeihiiation; nioveil with 
 his iiarenl.x to Addison County, Vt., in l.H4(i, ami 
 to Lllia, Lajieer County, Mich., in 1S4.S; farmer; 
 niemher ami ihairman of the hoanl of supervisors 
 of Ijipeer County; elected to the Michigan hou^e 
 of representatives in 1X7- and reelected in 1874, 
 1876, and 1878; speaker of the hon.«e <luriii>r the 
 last two terms; clecte<l to the State senate in 1880; 
 resijrned his seat in the .senate March 21, 1881; 
 elected to the Korty-seventh Conjrre.ss Ajiril 5, 
 1881, as a Keimlilican, to till the vacancy cansecl 
 hv the election of Hon. < iniar D. Con^'er to the 
 I'nited States Senate; after leavinsr Confrres-s ap- 
 (Kiinted eolle<-torof customs at ])etroit; served on 
 the railroad conimi.-sion of MichiKnn; elected gov- 
 ernor of that State. 
 
 Richards, Gabriel, wa.s born at Saintcs, France, 
 October l-i, ]7(>4; received a cla.-sical education; 
 studied theolofiy; endjirated to tlie rnite(l States 
 in 17SI.S; professor in mathematics at St. Jlarys 
 CoUefie, Maryland; sent by Hisho)) Carroll as a 
 missionary to Ka-kaskia, 111.; went to Detroit, 
 Mich., in 17!'8, where he published u iieriodical 
 in the French lanf;ua>.'e, entitled Ks.sais dn Michi- 
 
 fan, and some Koman Catholic hooks; elected 
 Jelegate from Miclusan Territory to the Kiftht- 
 eenth Congress; returned lo Itetroit and olliciated 
 as Kraiiil vicar of the bishop of l^hio; liied at I'e- 
 troit, Mich., September 13, 1832. 
 
 Richards, Jacob, was electe<l a Representative 
 from I'ennsylvania to the Eighth, }\inth, and 
 Tenth Conjires.^es. 
 
 Richards, James A. D. , of New Philadelphia, 
 Ohio, was bi>rn at Boston, Ma.-s., March 22, 184.5; 
 sj)ent his early life in Bo.ston and New York City; 
 went to Ohio in 18t)l; studied law; adnntted to 
 the bar in 18ti7; elected to the l-ifty-third Con- 
 gres as a I'enioerat; after leaving Congress re- 
 sumed the practice of law. 
 
 Richards, John, was a native of New York; 
 resided at Johnsbnrg; received a linnted educa- 
 tion; elected a I^epre.sentative from Xew York to 
 the Eighteenth Congress. 
 
 Richards, John, was elected a Representative 
 from rennsylvania to the Fourth Congress, having 
 succc-isfuUy contested the election of JaniesMorris, 
 serving from January 18, 17!«>, to Man-h 3, 1797. 
 
 Richards, Mark, w;ls a native of New Haven, 
 Conn.; rec<Mve<l a limited edniation; moved to 
 Vermont; .-^erved ei^dit yc'ars as a mendier of the 
 State house of reprc-entatives; I'residential eli'ctor 
 on the Madi.sou ticket in 1813; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Vermont to the Fifteenth and 
 Sixteenth Congre.s.ses as a l>emoerat; electe<l lieu- 
 tenant-governor of Vermont in 1830. 
 
 Richards, Matthias, was lioru in 17")7; re- 
 ceived a liheral I'llucatiou; studied and pra<'ticed 
 law; jud^e of Berks County ciiurt in I'ennsylvania 
 17s.^-17!'7; eleile<l a R»'pre.sentative from I'ennsyl- 
 vania to the Tenth and Eleventh Congresses; died 
 in 1830. 
 
 Richardson, David P., of .Vngelira, X. V.. was 
 born at .Macedon, .N. V., .May 28. l.s.i:); graduated 
 from Yale College in 18."it); studieil law at Hoches- 
 ler; admitted to the bar in l.S.ill; entered the L'nion 
 Army in 18til, and .served between three and four 
 years; moved to Angelica in istili; electeil to the 
 Forty-sixth and Forty-.seventh Congre.s.ses as a Re- 
 publican; resumed the practice of law at .\ngelica, 
 
 Richardson, George F., of (Irand Rapiils, 
 Mich,, was born at .Jamestown, Ottawa County, 
 Mich., .Inly 1, IS-iO; received his education in the 
 i-onunon schools; elected township ilerk eight 
 vears in succession; elected to the Michigan legis- 
 lature in 1884, and again in 18ilO; the l>euiocrdts 
 controlled the orgaiuzation of the house, ami he 
 was elected speaker }iro tempore; elected to the 
 Fifty-third Congress bv the Democrats and I'opu- 
 list.-^'. 
 
 Richardson, James Daniel, of .Muifreesboro, 
 Tenn., WiW born in Rutherford County. Tenn., 
 -March 10, 1843: educated at good country schools 
 and at Franklin College, near Nashville; entere<l 
 the Confederate army Iwfore graduating; served 
 in the army nearly four years, the first year as 
 private and theremaining three as ailjutaut of the 
 Forty-fifth Teune.'^see Infantry; read law and began 
 practice .lanuary 1, 18()7, at Murfreesboro; elected 
 to the Teimessee legislature; took his seat in Oc- 
 tober, 1871; ami elected speaker of the house; 
 elected to the State senate, 187.3-74; grand master 
 of Masonsin Tennessee, 187.3-74; grand high priest 
 of the (irand Chajiter, Royal Arch Masons, of the 
 .State, 1882; Cirand Connnander of the Sujireme 
 Council, thirty-third degree .\ncieMtand Accepted 
 Scottish Rite of Free JIasonry (Mother Council of 
 the \V(irlill; delegate to the St. Louis Democratic 
 convention in 187H; to the Chicago Deuiocratic 
 convention in 189(), and also to the Kansas Citj- 
 Democratic convention in IHOO, over which he 
 ])resi<led as jiermanent chairman; in February, 
 1900, made chairman of the Democratic Congr<'S- 
 sional comndttee; editorand comjiiler of Mes>ages 
 anil Papers of the Presidents; nominee in caucus 
 of the Demoiratic mend)ers of the House of Ke]i- 
 resentative in the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh 
 Congresses for.Speaker; elected to the Forty-ninth, 
 Fiftieth, Fiftv-lirst, Fiftv-.-^econd, FiftV-third, 
 Fifty-fourth, Fifty-lifth, (ift'y-sixtli, Fifty-seventh, 
 and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a I'emix'rat. 
 
 Richardson, John Peter, was born at Hickory 
 Hill, S. C., April 14, l.sOI; graduated from South 
 Carolina College in 181!i; studied law; liepm jirae- 
 tice at Fullon, S. C. ; member of the State house 
 of repre.-enlatives; judge of the circuit court; was 
 elected a Representative from South Carolina to 
 the Twenty-fourth Congjvss ( viie R. T. Manning, 
 decea.-^Ml), as aState Rights Democrat: reelected to 
 the Twenty-fifth Congress; governor of .Siuth 
 Carolina 1840-1."<42; died at Fulton, S. C. January 
 24, ]8()4. 
 
 Richardson, JohnS., was Inirn near Sumter, 
 S. C., February 2!t, 1.^28; receive<l an acadendc 
 education at Cokesbury, S. C; entered the .South 
 Carolina College in 1847; graduated in 18,50; 
 studied law ; admitted to the bar in 18.52; settled 
 at Sumter, S. C. ; lawyer ami fanner; at the l)e- 
 ginning of the war entered the Confederate serv- 
 ice as a captain of infantry and serveil as such 
 nmler (ien. (then Ciilonell .1. B. Kershaw until 
 after the tirst battle of Manassas, wheif he was 
 wounded; after recovering from his wound, re- 
 turned to the army and .s<'rve<l as adjutant ol the 
 1 Twenty-third South Carolina Regiment; elected a 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 767 
 
 member of the State lesrislatnrc in 1865, and served 
 as such until lHii7; appointed the ajient of the 
 State of South Carohna in 1866 to apply for and 
 receive the land script donated to South Carolina 
 by Congress; delegate from South Carolina tci the 
 St. Louis national Democratic convention in 1876; 
 elected to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; died February 24, 1894. 
 
 Richardson, Joseph, was born at Billerica, 
 Mass., February 1, 1778; graduated from Diirt- 
 niouth College in 1802; studied theology; ordained 
 over the tirst jiarish in Hingham July 2, 1S06; 
 delegate to the State constitutional convention in 
 1820; member of the State house of representatives 
 in 1821 and 1822 and of the State senate 1823, 1824, 
 and 1826; elected a Kepresentative from Jla.ssa- 
 chusetts to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Con- 
 gresses; died at Ilmgham, Mass., September 25, 
 1871. 
 
 Richardson, William, of Huntsville, Ala., 
 entered the Confederate army; judge of the court 
 of probate and county court of Madison County, 
 Ala., from 1875 to 1886; Democratic elector for the 
 State at large in 1888; elected to the second session 
 of the Fifty-sixth Congress and to the Fifty-seventh 
 Congress; reelected to the Fifty-eighth Congress 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Richardson, Williani A. , was born in Fayette 
 County, Ky., October 11, 1811; graduated from 
 Transylvania I'niversity; studied law, and liegan 
 practice at Rushville, 111.; moved to Quincy; served 
 in both branches of the legislature; sjieaker of the 
 house one year; I'residential elector on the Polk 
 ticket in 1844; enlisted as captain in the Mexican 
 war, and pronjoted to the rank of major; elected 
 a Representative from Illinois to the Thirtieth 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the Thirty- 
 first, Thirty-second, Thirty-third, and Thirty- 
 fourth Congresses, serving from December 6, 1847, 
 to August 25, 1856, when he resigned; governor of 
 Nebraska Territory 1857-58, when he resigned; 
 elected a United States Senator from Illinois (vice 
 S. A. Douglas, deceased), as a Democrat, serving 
 from January 30, 1863, to March 3, 1865: died at 
 Quincy, 111., December 27, 1875. 
 
 Richardson, "William M. , was born at Pel- 
 ham, N. H., January 4, 1774; graduated from 
 Harvard College in 1797; studied law; began prac- 
 tice at Croton, ]\lass. ; elected a Representative 
 from Massachusetts to the Twelfth and Thirteenth 
 Congresses, resignmg April 18, 1814; moved to 
 Portsmouth in 1814; appointed chief justice of NeM* 
 Hampshire in 1816; died at Chester, N. H., March 
 23, 1838. 
 
 Richey, Thomas, was a native of Pennsyl- 
 vania; moved to Somerset, Ohio; received a lim- 
 ited education ; elected a Representative from Ohio 
 to the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat; again 
 elected to the Thirty-third Congress. 
 
 Richmond, Hiram L. , was born in Chautauqua 
 County, X. Y., May 17, 1810; received a liberal 
 education; studied medicine; studied law, and in 
 1838 began practice at IMeadville, Pa.: elected a 
 Representative from Pennsylvania to the Forty- 
 third Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Richmond, James Buchanan, of Estillville, 
 Va., was born at Turkey Cove, Lee County, Va. ; 
 received a limited education at Kmory and Henry 
 College; i>racticed law in the circuit and county 
 courts of Lee, Scott, and A\'ise counties, Ya., and 
 in the court of appeals at M'ytheville, Ya. ; held 
 the office of orderly sergeant and captain of Com- 
 
 pany A, Fiftieth Virginia Infantry, during the first 
 year of the war, in the connnand of (4en. John B. 
 Floyd, of Virginia; afterwards major of the Sixty- 
 fourth Virginia Regiment for a time; promoted to 
 lieutenant-colonel Sixty-fourth Virginia Regiment 
 some time before the close of the war; elected to 
 the Forty-sixth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Richmond, Jonathan, was born at Bristol, 
 Mass., in 1774; received a liberal education: moved 
 to Aurora, Cayuga County, N. Y., in 1813; United 
 States internal-revenue collector: elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Xew York to the Sixteenth Con- 
 gress; died at Aurora, N. Y., July 29, 1865. 
 
 Riddle, Albert Gallatin, was born at Monson, 
 ]Mass., May 28, 1816; moved to Newbury, in the 
 Western Reserve of Ohio in 1817; received a lib- 
 eral education; studied law, and began prai-tice in 
 Geauga County; moved to Cleveland in 1850; 
 elected prosecuting attorney of (teauga Countv in 
 1840, 1842, and 1844; elected a member of "the 
 State legislature in 1848, and again in 1849; elected 
 a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-seventh 
 Congress as a Repulilican; consul at Matanzas, 
 Cuba, a few months; returned to AVasIiington, 
 D. C, and resumed the practice of law; died at 
 \Vashington. D. C, May 16, 1902. 
 
 Riddle, George Reade, was born at Newcastle, 
 Del., in 1817; received a classical education; stud- 
 ied civil engineering; several years engaged in the 
 construction of railroads and canals; studied law, 
 and began practice at Wilmington Del., in 1848; 
 comruissioner in 1849 to retrace "Mason and 
 Dixon's line;" delegate to several national Demo- 
 cratic conventions; elected a Representative from 
 Delaware to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third 
 Congresses as a Democrat; defeated for reelection 
 to the Thirty-fourth Congress; elected a United 
 States Senator from Delaware (vice James A. Bay- 
 ard, resigne<l), serving from Feliruarv 2, 1864, to 
 ]\Iarch 29, 1867, when he died at Washington, D. C. 
 
 Riddle, Haywood Yancey, was born at Van 
 Buren, Hardeman County, Tenn., June 20, 1834; 
 received a classical educati<:>n; studied law, and in 
 1857 began practice at Ripley, Jliss. ; moved to 
 Smith County, Tenn., in 1858; served in the Con- 
 federate army; moved to Lebanon; employed in 
 the county clerk's office for five years; rcaiipointed 
 for six years in 1870, but resigned; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Tennessee to the Forty-fourth 
 Congress as a Democrat ( vice S. 'SI. Fite, deceased ) ; 
 reelected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat. 
 
 Riddleberger, Harrison H., was born at 
 Edinburg, Shenandoah County, "\'a., October 4, 
 1844; received a common scliool education; served 
 three years in the Confederate States army as sec- 
 ond and first lieutenant of infantry and as I'ajitain 
 of cavalry; lawj'er l)y profession; served as Com- 
 monwealth attorney of his county for two terms; 
 also two terms of two years each in the house of 
 delegates and one term of four years in the State 
 senate; since 1870, editor of three newspapers, the 
 Tenth Legion, the Shenandoah Democrat, and 
 The Virginian; member of the State committee of 
 the Conservative party until 1875; Presidential 
 elector on the Democratic ticket of 1876, and the 
 same on the Readjuster ticket of 1880; elected to 
 the United States Senate as a Readjuster in 1881, 
 in the jilace of John W. Johnston, Conservative, 
 and took his seat December 3, 1883, serving until 
 jNIarch 3, 1889; died at Woodstock, Ya., Januarv 
 24, 1890. 
 
iC.S 
 
 t'ONOKKSSlUNAL DlKKCTUltY. 
 
 Ridgeley, Henry Moore, was liorn at I>i>vi'r, 
 Oi'l.. ill I7SS; n'liMvi-il a lilicral iiliiralinii; stmiicil 
 law aii<l ln'caii i)nutiii' al l>uvi-i: clcilcil a Kcp- 
 nsciitative I'roiii Di'lawarc In IlifTwclllli ami Thir- 
 tofiilh C'i)iijrit'S''os UMtt l•"l•(l^■rali^^I; elected a riiitcil 
 StatO!< Si-nutor from IH-laware ( \ ire N. Van Dyke, 
 tleoeaseil ), servinn liniii .laiuiarv 'J'.i, 1S:J7, tn March 
 a. ISl'll; (lid at \>,<\rr. Del.. .\ii;.'iist 7, 1847. 
 
 Bidgely, Edwin Reed, of I'itt^^l>llr^,^ Crawford 
 Ciiuiity, Kail-., wa.-'l>i)rii May it, IS44, near I.anca.s- 
 ter, Wiiiia.-li ('uiiiity, lll.;eilucatioii \vasaci|iiired in 
 the local ilistrict schnol duriii;; the winter ^lclntll^<; 
 early in l.sii"-', at the a-re (if 18, enlisted as a private 
 in (dnipany (', One luindrcd and (ifteenth lllinoiH 
 Vdliniteer Inlantry; served ccnitinuniisly tn the 
 end of the war; in coni))any with his limther 
 moved to (iirard, Kans., in 18ti"l, where they en- 
 jni^red in.jicneral nierchaiidisin^ under the firm 
 name of Kid>;ely Umthers; lived in O^den, I'tah, 
 from 188tt to l.S(i:i; ipiit the He|>ul)lican party in 
 IS7ii because of its linancial policy; elected to the 
 rilty-lifth and Fifty-sixth C'uu^resses as a Demo- 
 crat. 
 
 Bidgely, Richard, wa.« a Delegate from Mary- 
 land to the Continental ('on<rress 178.5-8fi. 
 
 Ridgway, James, resided at Columhus, Ohio; 
 held several local otiices; elected a Keprt^entative 
 from Oliio totheTwenty-fiftli Con-jreps an a Whig. 
 
 Ridgway, Joseph, was horn on Staten Lsland, 
 New York, May (i, 178:5; received a puhlic school 
 education; carpenter; moved to Cavuga C(i\mtv, 
 N. Y., in 1811 ; moved toColundius, Oliio.andestal)- 
 lished aniron foundry; mendierfif the State house 
 of representatives ]828-18:i2; elected u Representa- 
 tive from Ohio to the Twenty-tilth, Twenty-sixth, 
 and Twenty-seventh Congresses as a Whig. 
 
 Ridgway, Robert, wa-s ))orn in Virginia; re- 
 ceived a cla.-sical education; claimed to have been 
 elected a Representative from Virginia to the For- 
 tieth Congress, but not admitted to his seat; re- 
 eleited to the Fortv-lirst Congre.ss as a Conserva- 
 tive; died at Co(il \Vell, Va., October 17, 18(i9. 
 
 Rife, JohnW., of Middletown, Pa., was born 
 ill Middletiiwn, l)au|ihin County. I'a., .\ugiist 14, 
 184ii; received a common school education; learne(l 
 the trade of tanner; member of the One hundred 
 and ninety-fourth Regiment Pennsylvania \'olnn- 
 teers; member of the Ikjusc of repre.sentatives of 
 Pennsylvania, 188.'>-8ti; president of the Middle- 
 town and llummelstown Railroad Company; 
 elected to the Fifty-lirst and Fifty-.second Con- 
 gresses as a Republican. 
 
 Riggs, James M., (pf Wincliester, 111., was 
 born in f^cott County, HI., .\]>ril 17, 18.S!t; received 
 a commonscliool and a partialcollegiateeducation; 
 Ptudie(l law; admitted to the bar and inacliced; 
 elected sheriff of Scott County in Nivvember, 18114, 
 and served two years; re))re.seiited Scott County 
 in the lion.se of the twenty-seventh general assem- 
 bly of Illinois, 1871-7U; elected State attorney for 
 Scott County in November, bs7L', and served four 
 years; elected to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth 
 Congre.s.ses as a Democrat; resumed the practice of 
 law after leaving ( 'ongress. 
 
 Riggs, JeturR. , was liorn in Morris County, 
 N. .1.. .lime -11, iso'.i; received a liberal e(hication; 
 studied medicine and graduated from the New 
 York Medical College; jiracticed medicine; meni- 
 Imt of the State house of representatives one term; 
 went to California in 1849; returned to Paters(Ui, 
 N. J.; State senator of New .lersey 18.'i.'>-l.S;i8; 
 elected a Kepruseutative from New ilereey to the 
 
 Thirtv-sixth Congress as a Kepuhliean; died at 
 Drakesville, N. ,1., November n, 1869. 
 
 Riggs, Lewis, was a native of Cortland 
 County, N. v.; re(eived a limited education; held 
 various local ollices; elected a Representative 
 from -New York to the Twenty-seventh Congress 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Riker, Samuel, was a native of ]x)ng Island, 
 New Y(jrk; received a limited education; memlHT 
 of the State house of representatives in 1784; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the Eighth 
 Congress (vice .John Smith, elected .Senator), 
 serving from Novembers, 181)4, to March :!, 18t).V, 
 elected to the Tenth Congre-ss. 
 
 Rinaker, John Irving, of Carlinville, 111., was 
 liorii at Baltimore, Md.; moved to Illinois; studied 
 at Illinois College for one term, and then went to 
 McKeiidree College, J-ebanon, 111.; graduated in 
 I8,'il; studied law; admitted to the bar; located at 
 Carlinville; .served in the t'nion Army; iiractici-d 
 in the various courts of the State of Illinois and 
 in the Cnited .States courts lield m that State; 
 admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court of the 
 I'liited States in 1881; raised and organizi-d the 
 One hundred and twenty-second Regiment Illi- 
 nois Volunteer Infantry in 1801i; mustered into 
 the military service of the I'nited States Septem- 
 ber 4, 18(>2, as colonel of that regiment; served 
 three years, till the close of the war; commandi-d 
 a brigade in the Sixteenth Corps of the Army 
 of the Tennessee for a considerable part of the 
 time of service; made brevet brigadier-general 
 for gallant and meritorious service in the field; 
 served as I'residential elector on the Republican 
 ticket twice — in ls7i; as elector for the Seventeenth 
 Congressional district of Illinois and in 187ti as 
 elector for the State at large; delegate to the 
 Republican national convention in 187t), and 
 again in 1884; member of the Imard of railroad 
 and warehouse commissioners of Illinois under 
 (iovernor (jglej-by from 188.i to 1.S89; elected to 
 the Fifty-fom-th Congress as a Republican; seated 
 at the end of a contest with Finis Kwing Down- 
 ing, who was unseated June 5, ISyti; returned to 
 Carlinville, 111., and resumed the practice of law. 
 
 Ringgold, Samuel, was born at Chi-stertown, 
 Md.. .lanuarv In, 1770; resided at Hagerstown; re- 
 ceived a limited education; State senator: elected 
 a Rejiresentative from Maryland to the Kleventh 
 Congre.ss (vice Roger Nel.son. resigned i as a Demo- 
 crat; reelected to the Twelfth and Thirteenth Con- 
 gresses; elected to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth 
 Congresses; died at Hagerstowu, Md,, October 18, 
 1829. 
 
 Riordan, Daniel J. , of Xpw York, wa.« born in 
 Hester street, in the F.ighth Congn-.ssional district; 
 attended the public scliools of the district until 
 18811, when he entered Manhattan College; gradu- 
 j ated therefrom in 189t>; eiiL'aged in the real e.stafe 
 I busine,«s; elected to the Fifty-sixth Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Ripley, Eleazar Wheelock, wa.« born at Han- 
 over, N. II., A^)^il \'), 17.SL'; graduated from Dart- 
 I mouth Ci liege in 1.8(XI; studied law; began practic- 
 ing at Waterville, Ma.ss. (now MaineU memlH-r of 
 the State house of representatives in 18()7and 1811; 
 I moved to Portland in 1812; State senator; .serve(l 
 ' in the war of 1811' and attained the rank of major- 
 general; superintended the eoiistriictiou of fortili- 
 catioiis in tlie Southwest until he resigned in 1.8L'(», 
 residing at .lacksoii, Ijx.; memln'r of the I.(iuisiaiia 
 •State senate; elected a Representative from Louisi- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 769 
 
 ana to the Twenty-fourtli and Twenty-fifth Con- 
 gresses as a -Democrat; died at West Feliciana, La., 
 March 2, 1839. 
 
 Ripley, James "W. , was a native of Massachu- 
 setts (now Maine); received a liberal education; 
 studied law and began practice at Fryeburg; served 
 in the war of 1812; member of the State house of 
 representatives; elected a Representative from 
 Maine to the Nineteenth Congress (vice Enoch 
 Lincoln, resigned) as a Democrat; reelected to the 
 Twentieth and Twenty-first Congresses, serving 
 from December, 1826, to March 12, 1830, when he 
 resigned on account of ill health; appointed col- 
 lector of customs for Passamaquoddy district of 
 Maine; died June 17, 1835. 
 
 Ripley, Thomas C. , was born at Schaghticoke, 
 N. Y.; received a limited education; elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Twenty- 
 ninth Congress (vice R. P. Herrick, deceased), 
 serving from December 7, 1846, to March 3, 1847. 
 
 Risley, Elijah, was born in Connecticut in 
 1780; moved to Chautauqua County, N. Y.; re- 
 ceived a libei'al education; held several localotfices; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Thirtv-first Congress as a Whig; died at Fredonia, 
 N. Y.', January 9, 1870. 
 
 Ritchie, Byron F. , of Toledo, Ohio, was born 
 at Crafton. Ohio, January 29, 1853; moved to 
 Toledo in 1860; received his education in the pub- 
 lic schools of that city, graduating from the Toledo 
 High School in 1870; studied law; admitted to the 
 bar in 1874; elected to the Fifty -third Congress as 
 a Democrat. 
 
 Ritchie, David, was born at Canon.sburg, Pa., 
 August 19, 1812; graduated from Jefferson College 
 in l.'<29; studied law; began practice at Pittsburg 
 in 1835; elected a Representative from Pennsyl- 
 vania to the Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, and 
 Thirty-fifth Congresses as a Reimblican; county 
 judge for one vear; died at Pittsburg, Pa., Janu- 
 ary 24, 1867. 
 
 Ritchie, James Monroe, of Toledo, Ohio, was 
 born at Dunfermline, Scotland, July 28, 1829; 
 emigrated to the United States in 1832; early edu- 
 cation limited; lawyer by profession and practice; 
 delegate to the national Republican convention at 
 Chicago in 1880; elected to the Forty-seventh Con- 
 gress as a Republican; after leaving Congress re- 
 Bumed the practice of law at Toledo, Ohio. 
 
 Ritchie, John, was born at Frederick, Md.. 
 Augu.st 12, 1831; received a liberal educati(jn; 
 studied medicine; abandoned it for law; admitted 
 to the bar and began practice at Frederick in 1854; 
 Presidential elector on the Breckenridge and Lane 
 ticket in 1860; elected to serve four years as State 
 attorney for Frederick County in 1867; elected a 
 Representative from Maryland to the Forty-second 
 Congress as a Democrat; defeated for reelection. 
 
 Ritter, Burwell C, was born in Barren County, 
 Ky., January 6, 1810; received a limited educa- 
 tion; farmer; served two terms in the State house 
 of representatives; elected a Representative from 
 Kentucky to the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Cou- 
 Bervative. 
 
 Ritter, John, was born at Exeter, Pa., Feliruary 
 6, 1779. received a limited education; jirinter; 
 member of the State constitutional convention of 
 1836; elected a Representative from Pennsylvania 
 to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Con- 
 gresses asa Democrat; died at Reading, Pa., Novem- 
 ber 24, 1861. 
 
 Rivers, Thomas, was a native of Tennessee; 
 resided at Somerville; received a limited education; 
 held various local offices; elected a Representative 
 from Tennessee to the Thirty-fnurth Congress as 
 an American. 
 
 Rives, Francis E., was born in Virginia; re- 
 sided at Littleton; received a liberal education; 
 elected a Representative from Virginia to the 
 Twenty-tiftli and Twenty-sixth Congresses as a 
 Democrat; declined a renomination; died at Little- 
 ton, November 30, 1861. 
 
 Rives, William Cabell, was born in Nelson 
 County, Va., May 4, 1793; graduated from William 
 and Mary College; studied law under Thomas 
 Jefferson; admitted to the bar ami jiracticed; dele- 
 gate to the State convention in 1816; member of 
 the State house of representatives 1817-18, and 
 1819 and 1822; elected Representative from Virginia 
 to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth 
 Congresses as a Democrat; minister to France 
 1829-1832; elected a Unitecl States Senator from 
 Virginia ( vice L. W. Tazewell, resigned ) as a Dem- 
 ocrat, serving from January 4, 1833, to 1834, 
 when he resigned; again elected a United States 
 Senator from Virginia, vice John Tyler, resigned; 
 reelected, serving from March 14, 1836, to JNlarch 
 3, 1845; again minister to France 1849-1853; 
 served as a delegate from Virginia to the Con- 
 federate Provisional Congress at Richmond in 
 1861; representative from Virginia to the first 
 and second Confederate Congresses; died near 
 Charlottesville, Va., April 25, 1868. 
 
 Rixey, John Franklin, of Brandy, Culpeper 
 County, Va., was born in Culpejier County, Va., 
 August 1, 1854; educated in the common schools. 
 Bethel Academy, and the University of Virginia; 
 lawyer and farmer; Commonwealth attorney for 
 Culpeper County twelve years; elected to the 
 Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty- 
 eighth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Roach, William Nathaniel, was born at 
 Washington, D. C, September 25, 1840; educated 
 in the city schools and at Georgetown College; 
 clerk in the Quartermaster's Department during 
 the war; moved to Dakota Territory in 1879; in- 
 terested in mail contracts for several years; took 
 up land in Dakota and engaged in agriculture; 
 mayor of Larimore from 1883 to 1887; member of 
 the Territorial legislature of the ses.sion of 1885; 
 Democratic candidate for governor at the first State 
 election; defeated; renominated at the next elec- 
 tion; again defeated; electedUnited States Senator 
 from North Dakota February 20, 1893; took his 
 seat ]\Iarch 4, 1893, serving until i\hirch 3, 1899; 
 moved to New York City, where lie died Septem- 
 ber 7, 1902. 
 
 Roane, John, was born in Virginia in 17-54; 
 received a liberal education: Presidential elector 
 on the Washington ticket; member of the State 
 hou.se of representatives; delegate to the State 
 constitutional convention; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Virginia to the Eleventh, Twelfth, 
 Thirteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty- 
 fourth Congresses as a Democrat; died at his resi- 
 dence in King William County, Va., November 
 15, 1838. 
 
 Roane, John, was a native of Virginia; elected 
 a Representative from that State to the Eleventh 
 and Twelfth Congresses. 
 
 Roane, John J., was a native of Virginia; 
 elected a Representative from Virginia to the 
 Twenty-second Congress. 
 
 H. Doc. 458- 
 
 -49 
 
77(» 
 
 CONORKSSIONAL DIRKCTORY. 
 
 Roane, William H., was born in Yirpinia in 
 17.SS; recc'iveil a lilH'nil ciliu'iitinir, liclil ViirioiiH 
 local otliot'c; iiieniliir of tin- Stall- hoiipcof R-jirc- 
 sentativt's; clccti'il a KcprrstMitativi' from Virpnia 
 to till- Kourttciitli Coiinri'ssasa Dfinoorat: cli'deil 
 a I'liitfil States Senator from Vir(.'inia (vice li. K. 
 Parker, renitiiu'il), «'rviii;r from Sei)teml)er 4, 1K.S7, 
 to March :!, IH-ll; dieil at Tree Hill, near Hicli- 
 Uiond. Va., May 11, 1845. 
 
 Robb, Edward, of Porryvillo, Mo., was born 
 at Urazeaii. in Perry County, Mo., March li', 18.57; 
 eiliicate.l ill thecommon schools, Ura/.eaii .Vcadeiiiy, 
 Fruitlanil Normal Institute, ami the Missouri State 
 I'niversity; j^niihiatt'd frrun the law liepartment of 
 the Missouri State Tniversity in March, lS7il; lo- 
 eati-il in Perryville; electeil prosecutiu;; attorney 
 of Perry t'ouuty in 18S0, ami reelected in ISSL'; 
 elected a member of the le>:islature in 1884 and 
 18.8ti; a|ipointed a.<sistaut attorney->.'eneral of the 
 State in .lauuarv, 18S!l, hvCen. .John M. Wood; 
 elected tothe Fiftylifth, rffty-sixth, Kifty-seventh, 
 and Fifty-eighth t'ongresses jus a Democrat. 
 
 Robbins, Asher, was born at Wethersfield, 
 Conn., October 2(>, 1757; tutor in the Providence 
 College (now Brown I'niversity ) 1 78.V17S8; studied 
 law; l>epan practice at Providence; move<l to New- 
 port in 17!t5; appointed I'nited States district at- 
 tornev in 1SP2; member of the State leirislature 
 1818-182.5; elected a United States Senator from 
 Rhode Island as a Whig (vice James I'e Wolf, 
 resigned); reelected, serving from December 5, 
 l.'<2.5, to March :■!, ]8;«); again member of the State 
 legislature; died at Newport, R. I., February 25, 
 1845. 
 
 Robbins, Edward Everett, of Grcensburg, 
 Pa., was born in Westmorelaml County, Pa., Sei>- 
 tember 27, I.SIKI; educated iu the public schools, 
 in Indiana Normal School, and Kldersridge Acail- 
 emy; graduated from Washington and .Ieffersi>n 
 College in the class of IHSl; registeied as a law 
 gtwient at (ireensburg in the same year, and in 
 1882 entered the Cohnnbia Law School in New 
 York; admitted to the Westmoreland bar .\pril 8. 
 1884; engaged in the jiractice of law; nominated 
 for district attorney in 188(>; elected in 1888 to the 
 State senate, and served in that body till 18it2; 
 chairman Republican county committee iu 1.8,s5; 
 major and i|uartermaster of tlu' .Seconil P>rigade. 
 State Militia; elected to the Filty-lifth Congress 
 as a Kepublican. 
 
 Robbins, Gaston A., of Dall.^« County, Ala., 
 was born September 2f), 18.5!i: moved to North 
 Carolina; entered the I'niversity of North Caro- 
 lina in 1877; graduated in 187il; studied law; ad- 
 mitted to practice law in the supreme court of 
 North Carolina in 1880; returned then to Selma, 
 Ala.; Presidential elector on the Cleveland and 
 Hendricks ticket in 1.8.S4; elected to the Fifty-third 
 and Fifty-fourth Congresses as a Democrat; seat 
 snccessfullv contested bv W. F. Aldricli. and 
 unseated March IU, 1S9(>;" reelected to the Fiftv- 
 sixth Congress, but his ."eat was again successfully 
 contested by \\'. F. Aldricli. 
 
 Robbins, George R., wa.a born near Allen- 
 town, Monmouth Comity, N, .!.. Septendier 24, 
 1812; gra<lnatcd from the ,leffersi>n Medical Col- 
 lege, Philadelpliia, in 18:i7; pra<'ticed; elected a 
 Rei>resentative from New .lersey to the Thirty- 
 fourth and Thirty-liftli Congresses as a Whig. 
 
 Robbins, John, was born near Philadelphia; 
 received a limited education; steel mauulacturer 
 at I'hilii'Jelphia; elected a Representative irom 
 
 Pennsylvania to the Thirty-first, Thirty-seooml, 
 and Thirty-third Congres.ses as a Democrat; de- 
 cline<l reelection; elei'ted to the Forty-fourth 
 Congress. 
 
 Robbins, William M. , was bom in Randolph 
 County, N. C. ; received a cla.ssical education; 
 studied and practiced law; otlicer iu the Confed- 
 erate army; served in the North Carolina .state 
 .-enate in 181)8 and 1870; elected a Representative 
 from North Carolina to the Forty-third Congress 
 as a Conservative Democrat; reelected to the Forty- 
 fourth and Forty-tilth Congre-sses. 
 
 Roberdeau, Daniel, was born on the Island of 
 St. Christopher in 1727; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; engaged in the lumber busine.s-; elected a 
 Delegate from Pennsylvania to the (^mlinental 
 Congress, serving from 1777 to 177!*; served iu the 
 Revolutionary Army as colonel; died at Win- 
 chester, Va., .lune 5, 179.5. 
 
 Roberts, Anthony E., was born in Chester 
 County, Pa., in ISd.i; received a limited education; 
 movetl to Lancaster, Pa., and eniployeil as a clerk 
 in a store; sheriff of l-ancaster County 18:!!)-1842; 
 I'niteil States marshal for the eastern district of 
 Pennsylvania 184!t-18-5:j; elected a Representative 
 from Pennsylvania to theTliirty-fourth and Thirty- 
 fifth ( ongresses as a Whig. 
 
 Roberts, Charles B., was born at I'niontown, 
 Md., April lit, 1842; graduated from Calvert Col- 
 lege, New Wind.sor, Md., 1861; studied law; 
 Pre.-idential elector on the Seymour ticket in 1808; 
 elected a liepresentative from Maryland to the 
 Forty-dfth Congress as a Democrat; died in 181i!l. 
 
 Roberts, Ellis H. , was born at I'tica, N. Y., 
 September.'!!), 18-_'7; printer; graduated from Yale 
 Ciillege in 1.S.50; became editor of the I'tica .Morn- 
 ing Herald in 1851; delegate to the national Kepuli- 
 lican convention of 1808; member of the State 
 legislature of New York iu l.sii7; elected a Hepre- 
 seutalive from New York to the Forty-sec r>nd and 
 Forty-third Congresses as a Kepublican; defeated 
 for reelection to the Forty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Roberts, Ernest W., of Chelsea. Mass., wa.« 
 born at Fast Madi-.'on, Me., Novenil>er 22, 1!*.58; 
 educattd iu the public schools of Mas.sacliusetlsand 
 llighlaucl Military .\eadeniy, of Worcester. Ma.ss. ; 
 grailuated from Hostou University Law School; 
 admitted to the bar in 1881; member of the city 
 council of Chelsea in 1.887 and 1888; elected a mem- 
 ber of the Ma.ss;uhnsetts house of representatives 
 of 1,8(14, l,sil5, and 189(i; elected a m< inl)er of the 
 Massachusetts senate of 181i7 and ISiiS; elected to 
 the Fifty-sixth Congress asa Republican; reelected 
 to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congresses. 
 
 Roberts, Jonathan, was born at Upiier Merion, 
 Pa., .\ugust Hi, 1771; received a limited education; 
 ,served in both branchesof the Pennsylvania State 
 legislature; electeii a Representative from I'ennsyl- 
 vania to the Twelfth and Thirteenth Ci)ni;re.sses, 
 .-erviug from November 4, 1811, to February 28, 
 1814; resigned, having l)een elected a United . "States 
 Senator fr<im Pennsylvania (vice .^L l^'ib. ri'- 
 sigiied), and serve<l until March 3, 1,821; appointed 
 collector of customs at the port of Philailelphia by 
 Presiilelil Harrison; removed bv President Tvler, 
 die.l at Philadelphia July 21, 1854, 
 
 Roberts, Robert W. , was a native of Delaware; 
 
 received a limited education; movecl to .Scott 
 County. Miss., and located at Hillsboro: eleited a 
 Representative from Mississippi to the Tweiity- 
 eiixhth Congress as a Dcuocrat; reelected to the 
 Twenty-ninth ( 'ongrcs. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 771 
 
 Roberts, William Randal, was born in Cork 
 County, Ireland, Feliniary H, 1830; emigrated to 
 the United States in July, 1849; receiveil a limited 
 education; merchant in New York City; elected 
 a Representative from New Yfjrk to the Forty- 
 second and Forty-third Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Robertson, Edward "White, was born near 
 Nashville, Davidson County, Tenn., June 13, 1823; 
 moved in 1825 to Iberville Parish, La.; educated 
 at country schools and the preparatory department 
 of Centenary College, Louisiana; entered Augusta 
 College, Kentucky, in 1842; entered the Nashville 
 University, Tennessee; eounnenced the study of 
 law in 1845; served in the war with Mexico in 184(i 
 as orderly sergeant of tlie Second Louisiana ^'olun- 
 teers, a six months' regiment; member of the State 
 house of representatives in 1847 to 1849; entered the 
 law department of the University of Louisiana; 
 graduated in 1 8.50; jiractieed law in Iberville Parish ; 
 again elected to the State house of representatives 
 in 1853; elected State auditor of public accounts 
 in 1857; reelected in 1858; held the office until 
 1862, entered the Confederate service in !March, 
 1862, as captain of a company which he had raised 
 for the Twenty-seventh Louisiana Infantry; par- 
 ticipated in the liombardments, engagements, and 
 siege at Mcksburg from !May 18, 1862, to the sur- 
 render; served in the battle of Baton Rouge, 
 August 5, 1862, as volunteer aid to General Rug- 
 gles; captureil at Vicksburg July 4, 1863; after the 
 war resumed practice of law at Baton Rouge; 
 elected a Rejiresentative from Louisiana to the 
 Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty-seventli, and Fif- 
 tietli Congresses as a Democrat; died at A\'ashing- 
 ton, D. C, August 2, 1887. 
 
 Robertson, George, was born in Mercer 
 County, Ky., NovemVjer 18, 1790; graduated from 
 Transylvania University; studied law and Isegan 
 practice at Lancaster, Ky. ; held various local 
 offices; elected a Representative from Kentucky 
 to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth C(.ingre.sses; mem- 
 ber of the State house of representatives, 1822- 
 1827, serving four years as speaker; elected State 
 secretary of state in 1828; chief justice of Ken- 
 tucky, 1829-1833; resumed the practice of law at 
 Lexington, Ky., and died there May 16, 1874. 
 
 Robertson, John, was liorn near Petersliurg, 
 Va., in 1787; resided at Richmond; received a 
 liberal education; elected a Representative from 
 Virginia t(3 the Twenty-third Congress (vice An- 
 drew Stevenson, resigned) as a Whig; reelected to 
 the Twenty-fourth and Twentv-fifth Congresses; 
 died at Mount Athos, Va., July 5, 1873. 
 
 Robertson, Samuel Matthews, of Baton 
 Rouge, La., was lioru in the town of Plaquemine, 
 La., January 1, 1852; received his preparatory 
 education at tlie Collegiate Institute of Baton 
 Rouge; graduated from 'the Louisiana State Uni- 
 versity in 1874; completed a course of law study; 
 admitted to practice in 1877; elected a member of 
 the State legislature from the parish of East Baton 
 Rouge in 1879; elected a member of the faculty of 
 the Louisiana State University and Agricultural 
 and Mechanical College in 1880; tilled the chair 
 of natural history in that institution and the posi- 
 tion of commandant of cadets; elected to the 
 Fiftieth Congress as a Democrat to fill the vacancy 
 created by the death of his father, E. \V. Robert- 
 son; reelected to the Fifty-first, Fiftv-second, 
 Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, 
 Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses. 
 
 Robertson, Thomas A., of Elizabethtown, 
 Ky.,was born at Hodgensville, Larue County, 
 
 Ky., September 9, 1S48; graduated from Cecilian 
 College, and afterwards from Law University at 
 Louisville; served one term in the Kentucky leg- 
 islature; several times elected Commonwealth 
 attorney of the eighteenth judicial district; re- 
 signed, and elected to the Forty-eighth Congress 
 as a Democrat; reelected to the Forty-ninth Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Robertson, Thomas Boiling, was born near 
 Petersburg, Va., in 1773; graduated from William 
 and Mary College in 1807; appointed L^nited 
 States district judge for Louisiana; moved to New 
 Orleans; elected a Representative from Louisiana 
 to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fif- 
 teenth Congresses as a Democrat, serving from 
 December 23, 1812, to 1818, when he resigned; died 
 at White Sulphur Springs, November 5, 1828. 
 
 Robertson, Thomas J. , was born in Fairfield 
 County, S. C, .\ugust 3, 1823; graduated from 
 South Carolina College; jilanter; Union sympa- 
 thizer during the reVjellion; member of the State 
 constitutional convention; elected a United States 
 Senator from South Carolina as a Repulilican to 
 fill an unexpired term; reelected, serving from 
 1868 to 1877; died in 1897. 
 
 Robertson, William H., was born at Bedford, 
 N. Y., October 10, 1823; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; studied law and practiced; member of the 
 State assembly in 1849-50; State senator 1854-55; 
 judge of Westchester County, N. Y., for twelve 
 years; Presidential elector in 1860; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New York to the Fortieth Con- 
 gress as a Repul)lican ; died in 1898. 
 
 Robeson, George M., was born at Oxford, 
 N. J., in 1827; received an academic education; 
 graduated from Princeton College in 1847; studied 
 law; admitted to the l)ar in 1850, and practiced at 
 Newark and afterwards at Camden; a[i]iointed 
 prosecutor of the pleas for Camden County in 1858; 
 appointed attorney-general of New Jersey in 1867, 
 and served until he resigned, June 22, 1869, to 
 accept the position of Secretary of the Navy, which 
 he held tmtil 1877; resumed the practice" of law; 
 elected to the Forty -sixth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican; reelected to the Forty-seventh Congress; 
 died September 27, 1897. 
 
 Robie, Reuben, was a native of Vermont; 
 moved to Bath, Steuben County, N. Y.; elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Thirty- 
 second Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Robinson, Christopher, was a native of Rhode 
 Island; graduated from Brown University in 1825; 
 studied law, and practiced; State attorney-general; 
 elected a Rejiresentative from Rhode Island to the 
 Thirty-sixth Congress as an American Republican; 
 defeated for the Thirty-seventh Congress; minis- 
 ter to Peru 1861-1865. 
 
 Robinson, Edward, was born in 1796; received 
 a liberal education; merchant at Thomaston, Me.; 
 served two years in the State senate; elected a 
 Representative from Maine to the Twenty-fifth 
 Congress as a Whig (vice Jonathan Cillev, de- 
 ceased), serving from April 28, 1838, to IMarch 3, 
 1839; Presidential elector on the Harrison ticket 
 in 1840; died at Thomaston, Me., February 20, 
 1857. 
 
 Robinson, George D., was born at Lexington, 
 Mass., Jaiiuary 20, 1834; ]irepared for college at 
 Hopkins Cla.ssical School, Cambridge, Mass.; grad- 
 uated from Harvard College in 1856; principal 
 teacher at the Chicopee High School 1856-1865; 
 
rONGBKSSIONAL DIKKCTUKY. 
 
 ntudii'd liiw; admitted to tln' liar at Cainliriduo, 
 MiiH"'.; i'oiiiiiumu'imI |)nirtii'i' at ('liicoja'e in IStMi; 
 niemlior nl' Ihr Ma.-'.-'ailiiisottM iKniscot ri'))ivsi'nta- 
 tivt's in IS7-4, ami ol tlic State sonatf in ISTIi; 
 ek-fti'il In till' Ki>it\-lillli. Kcvrly-sixtli, I'oilv- 
 si'Vi-ntli. and K(irty-ri;.'lilli Cnnnifssi's as a Ki'iinti- 
 lican; resiirncd .lanuaiy 7, ISS4, tn iK'tonictroviTnor 
 of Ma.-'.-aclinsi'tt!'; ri'suniod the praclico of his pro- 
 fession; died February 22, 1896. 
 
 Robinson, James C, was liorn in Kdgar 
 I'oiinly, 111., ill ISL'l': studied law; admitted to 
 |>raetiie in ls:U; sitmmI as a inivate in the .Mexican 
 war; eleited a l\i'|ireseiitalive linni Illinois to the 
 Thirty-sixlli.Thirty-seventh.Thirly-eifihtli, Forty- 
 second, and Forty-third Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Robinson, James M. , of Fort Wayne, Inil., was 
 liorn nil a l\inn in Allen t'niinty, 11' miles sniitli nf 
 the eity nf his residence; his early echicatinii was 
 obtained in the district sclmcil in the eniintry, but 
 at the a^e nf 10 years moved tn the city, where he 
 attended the iniblic schools till 14 yeai-s of a«e, 
 when he became collector of a news|)ai)erof which 
 he had been a carrier boy for several years; at the 
 ajie of b'l took enii>loynient in a shop at Fort Wayne 
 a,s a machine hand; while working; at his trade 
 studied law; i|uittin;; the shop in ISSI. entered the 
 ollice of Jud^e Waljinle ti. Cnlerick. whn was then 
 in Coniiress, and admitted tn practice in the State 
 and I'nited Slates courts in ISSl'; unanimously 
 nominated for proseeutins; attorney and elected in 
 ISSi) and 18SS, tilliufr that imsition fnr I'nnr years; 
 defeated in ISill.' fnr the (V)n>rressional nnmiiiatinn 
 bv linn. W. F. McNa^ny. whn served in Cnnnress, 
 but nnaniiiinusly nominated by the Iti'iiiocrats in 
 ISIM) and elecli'd In the Fifly-lifth Coiifiress; re- 
 elected to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty- 
 eisilith Conpresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Robinson, James S., was born on a farm near ! 
 Manslicld. in Kicliland County. Ohio, October 14, 
 1.S'_'7; received a common school education; learned 
 the art of priiitinir; moved In Kenton. Ohio. De- 
 cemberSl, 1S4.t; the fnllowinir.laiuiary commenced 
 the publication of the Kenton Kepiiblican, which 
 he edited and published; elecleil chief clerk of the 
 Ohio house of representatives in lS.=)t): enlisted in 
 Company O, Fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 
 April IS." bSlil; chosen first lieutenant of the com- 
 pany, and on .\pril 2t>. bSlil, promoted to captain; 
 served with his coni]>any and refiinient un<ler 
 McClellan. iiarticiiiatiu!; in the battle of Hich 
 Monnlain. • >ctober l'(i. ISill; appoinled major of 
 the KiKhlv-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry; pro- 
 moted to lie lienteiiant-cnlnnel in .\pril, lS("iL', ami 
 promoted to the colonelcy of the rejjiment .\uyiist 
 29, 1S()2; brevetted a l)rijradier->;eneral Di'ieinber 
 14, 1S(>4; api>ointed a brij;adier->;eneral .lannary T-', 
 18(>.i. and brevetted a major-jjeneral March S. 18t).T; 
 chairman of the Republican State executive com- 
 mittee of Ohio IS77-IS7!': appointed cnmmissinner 
 of railro.H<ls and tele«rai)lis in Ohio in .lamiary, 
 l.s,80; elected tn the Fnrty-seventh Cnns;ress a.s a 
 Republican; reelected to the Forty-einhth Con- 
 (fress; resijined .lanuary 1"-'. 1S.S.5, having been 
 elected secretary of state of Ohio, to which jmsi- 
 fion he was reelectiHl; dieil .January 14, 18it2. 
 
 Robinson, James W., was ]»^vn in t'nion 
 County. Ohio, Nnvember 2S, l.SL'li; graduated frnin 
 .leffi^rsnn Cnllege, in I'ennsvlvania, in 1S4S. and 
 the Cincinnati U»w Sdmnl ni bH-il; practiced at 
 Marysville, Ohio; s<'rved three terms ni the Ohio 
 State legislature; elected a Heprt-sentativc frnm 
 Ohio to the Fnrfv-third Congress as a Kepublican; 
 tleftated for the l'"orty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Robinson, John B., of Media, Pa., waa Iwrn 
 in All.'gheiiy City, I'a., May 2.i, 1.S46; graduate<l 
 from the I'nited States Naval .\cadeuiv in IHIW; 
 lawyer; elected to the State legislature from Dela- 
 ware County in 1S.S4; reelecte(l in ISHIi: elected to 
 the Stale senate in IKSit; elected to the Fifty- 
 second. Fiftv-lhird, and Fifty-fourth ( 'ongrc-ses 
 as a Kepublican; in .May, UHK), appointeil I'niteil 
 States marshal for the eastern district of Pennsyl- 
 vania. 
 
 Robinson, John L. , was a native of Kentucky; 
 received a liUral education; moved to Kushville, 
 Iml.; elected a Ivepresenlalivi' from ()hinto the 
 Thirlieth, Thirty-tirst, ami Thirty-second Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; appointed I'niled States 
 marshal fnr the sniithern district of Indiana in 
 lS."i;{; lield the ]>osition until his death, at Riish- 
 ville. March '.'l. IHtlO. 
 
 Robinson, John M., wa.s born in Kentucky in 
 171*.'$; received a limited education; stmlied law, 
 and began practice at Carnii, 111.; ju<lge of the 
 State sujireme court; elected a I'nited -States 
 Senator from Illinois( vice John McLean, decea.sed ) 
 as a Democrat; reelected, serving from Januarv 4, 
 1.S.S1. to .March .i, 1841; died at Ottawa, 111., April 
 27, 1843. 
 
 Robinson, John S., of Madison, Xebr., was 
 born at Wheeling. W. Va., May 4, l.Soti; edueate<l 
 in the public schools of that city; mechanic; com- 
 menced the study of law in 1879; admitted to the 
 bar by the supnnu'conrt of West Virginia in l,s.><0; 
 moveil West in 1SS4 and settled at Mailismi, Xebr., 
 where he again Innk up the practice of his prnl'es- 
 sinii; electe<l cnuiity altorney of .Madi.sin County in 
 l,SSt>; reelecteil in '1890; elected judge of the ninth 
 judicial district of Nebraska in 189.'1; reelected in 
 1.S9.">; elected to the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh 
 Congresses as a Democrat; defeated for the Fifty- 
 eighth Congress. 
 
 Robinson, Jonathan, was born at Hardwick, 
 M;i.-^s., .\iigust 1'4. K-'ili; ri>oeived a limited educa- 
 tion; studie<i law; liegan practice at Bennington, 
 Vt.; chief justice of Vermont l.SOl-1807; elected a 
 I'nited Slates Senator from Vermont ( vice Israel 
 Smith, resigned), serving from Octol>er 2(i, 1807, 
 to March 2, 181.5; died at Bennington, Vt., Xo- 
 vemlx-r 3, 1819. 
 
 Robinson, Milton S., was born at Versailles. 
 Ind.. April "JO. ls:!i'; received a limited eilucation; 
 studied law; iH'gstn practice at Anderson, Ind., in 
 18.M ; Presidential elector on the Republican ticket 
 in l.S.'ili; appointed a director of the Michigan City 
 prison in 18til; resigned after a few months; en- 
 tered the Ininii .\rniv in September, 18()1, as 
 lieutenant-colonel of the Forty-seventh Indiana 
 Volunteer Infantry; promoteil colonel of the 
 Seventv-lil'th Imliana Volunteer Infantry in lXii2, 
 and subseijuentlv brevetted brigadier-genend; 
 elected Slate senator l.'<t>()-1870; delegate to the 
 national Republican convention at Philadelphia 
 in 1872; elected a Hepre.<entative from Indiana to 
 file Forty-fourth and Forty-lifth Congresses as a 
 Republican. 
 
 Robinson, Moses, was Iwrn at Hardwick, 
 Mass., March 15, 1741; received a classical iiluca- 
 tion; moved to Vermont; stmlied law; ]>racticed; 
 chief justice of Vermont in 1778; governor of Ver- 
 mont 1789-90; elivted a I'nitctl States St>nator 
 frnm Vermont as a Denmcrat. serving from Octn- 
 iH-r 24, 1791, to March. 1791). when he resigned; 
 died at Beuuiugtou. Vt.. May 2(>, 1813. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 773 
 
 Robinson, Orville, was a native of Mexico, 
 N. Y.; received a liberal education; State repre- 
 sentative in 1834, 1836, and 1837; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New York to the Twenty-eighth 
 Congress as a Democrat; again elected a member 
 of the State legislature in 1856. 
 
 Robinson, Thomas, was a native of Sussex 
 County, Del. ; received a limited education; elected 
 a Eepresentative from Delaware to the T\vent\'- 
 sixth Congress; died at Georgetown, Del., October 
 28, 1843. 
 
 Robinson, Williani E., was born at Unagh, 
 near t'ookstown, in the County Tyrone, Ireland, 
 May 6, 1814; entered Yale College in 1837; grad- 
 uated in the class of 1841 with the degree of A. B. ; 
 connected for two years with the Yale Law School, 
 and in 1844 received from Yale the degree of A. JI., 
 but tlevoted a considerable portion of his time to 
 lecturing before literary associations; soon after 
 the establishment of the New York Tribune be- 
 came one of its assistant editors, and in 1843 its 
 regular and only Washington correspondent; also 
 wrote AVashingtou correspondence for the Rich- 
 mond ( Va. ) Whig, the Boston Atlas, the Louisville 
 Journal, and other papers; admitted to the New 
 York bar in 1854, and afterwards to the Supreme 
 Court of the United States; practiced law in New 
 York City; ajipointed by President Lincoln as- 
 sessor of internal revenue for the third (Brooklyn) 
 district of New York in 1862; frequently ran for 
 the New York assembly and for the judiciary 
 against ring nominations; elected a Representa- 
 tive to the Fortieth, Forty-seventh, and Forty- 
 eighth Congresses as a Democrat; died at Brook- 
 lyn, N. Y., January 23, 1892. 
 
 Robison, David F. , of Chambersburg, Pa., 
 was a native cjf that State; received a limited edu- 
 cation; elected a Representative from Pennsyl- 
 vania to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Rochester, William B. , was a native of Wash- 
 ington County, Md.; received a liberal education; 
 studied law, and began practice at Bath, N. Y.; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Seventeenth Congress; State circuit judge from 
 April 21, 1833, until 1836, when he resigned; de- 
 feated as a candidate for governor; drowned in the 
 wreck of the steamer Pulaski off the coast of North 
 Carolina June 15, 1838. 
 
 Rockhill, William, was a native of New Jer- 
 sey; received a limitefl education; moved to Fort 
 Wayne, Ind.; elected a Representative from Indi- 
 ana to the Thirtieth Conirress as a Democrat. 
 
 Rockwell, Francis W., of Pittsfield, Mass., 
 was born at Pittsfield, Mass., May 26, 1844; edu- 
 cated in the public schools and at Edwards' Place 
 School at Stockbridge, Mass. ; graduated from 
 Amherst College in 1868 and Harvard Law School 
 in 1871; practiced law at Pittsfield; appointed one 
 of the special justices of the district court of cen- 
 tral Berkshire in 1873, resigning in 1873; elected 
 to the Massachusetts house of representatives in 
 1879; elected to the Massachusetts senate in 1881 
 and 1882; elected to the Forty-eighth Congress as 
 a Republican, to fill a vacancy caused by tiie res- 
 ignatirin of Hon. George D. Robinson, who had 
 been elected governor of Massachusetts, a special 
 midwinter election being held, the legislature 
 having passed an act legalizing the same; reelected 
 to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Con- 
 gresses; after leaving Congress resumed the prac- 
 tice of law at Pittsfield, Mass. 
 
 Rockwell, Hosea H., of Elmira, N. Y., was 
 born in Tioga County, Pa., in 1840; educated in 
 tlie common schools; served as private in Twenty- 
 third New York Volunteers; studied law; admitted 
 to the liar in Elmira in 1869; member of assembly 
 in 1877, and served on the judiciary committee; 
 several years city attorney of Elmira; elected to 
 the Fifty -second Congress as a Democrat; resumed 
 the practice of law at Elmira, N. Y., after the expi- 
 ration of his term in Congress. 
 
 Rockwell, John A., was born at Norwich, 
 Conn., August 27 1803; graduated from Yale Col- 
 lege in 1822; studied law; practiced at Norwich; 
 twice elected to the State senate; judge of the 
 county court; elected a Representative from Con- 
 necticut to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Con- 
 gresses as a Whig; defeated for reelection; rlied at 
 Washington, D. C, February 10, 1861. 
 
 Rockwell, Julius, was born at Colebrook, 
 t^mn., Ajiril 26, 1805; graduated from Yale Col- 
 lege in 1826; studied law; began practice at Pitts- 
 field, Mass., in 1830; member of the State house of 
 representatives 1834-1838, serving three years as 
 speaker; State bank commissioner 1838-1840; 
 elected a Representative from Massachusetts to 
 the Tw-enty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, Thii-tieth. and 
 Thirty-first Congresses as a Whig; delegate to the 
 State constitutional convention in 1853; appointed 
 a United States Senator from Massachusetts ( vice 
 Edward Everett, resigned), serving from June 15, 
 1854, to February 10, 1855; Presidential elector on 
 the Fillmore ticket in 1856; again a member of the 
 State house of representatives in 1H58; ajipointed 
 a judge of the supreme court of Massachusetts in 
 1859; died at Lenox, Mass., May 19, 1888. 
 
 Rodenberg, Williani A., of East St. Louis, 
 111., was born near Chester, Randolph County, 
 111., October 30, 1865; educated in the public 
 schools; graduated from Central ^\"esleyan Col- 
 lege, AVarrenton, Mo., in the spring of 1884; en- 
 gaged in the profession of teaching; attended the 
 St. Louis Law School; admitted to the liar; dele- 
 gate to the Republican national convention of 1896 
 at St. Louis; elected to the Fifty-sixth Congress 
 as a Repulilican. 
 
 Rodey, Bernard Shandon, of AUiuiiuercjue, 
 N. Mex., -Has liorn in 1856 in County Mayo, Ire- 
 land; taken by jiareuts to Canada in 1862; early 
 years occujiiecl in mining, farming, and merchan- 
 dising; clerked in railroad office and read law in 
 Boston, !Mass. ; moved to New Mexico in the spring 
 of 1881; private secretary for railroad manager; 
 court stenographer of second district of New Alex- 
 ico in 1882; admitted to the bar of New Alexico in 
 1883; practiced law there; city attorney of Albu- 
 querque 1888-89; member of the Territorial legis- 
 lative council (.senate) in 1889, and author of the 
 bill creating the University, School of Mines. Agri- 
 cultural College, and other institutions; member 
 of the constitutional convention of New 3Iexico in 
 1890; elected a Delegate to the Fifty-seventh and 
 Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Rodman, Williani, was born at Bensalem , Pa., 
 October 7, 1757; received a liberal education; 
 served in the Revolutionar}' war and conmianded 
 a company during the whisky insurrection ; sevi'ral 
 years a member of the State legislature; elected a 
 Representative from Pennsylvania to the Twelfth 
 Congress; died at Bensalem, Pa., July 27, 1824. 
 
 Rodney, Caesar, was born at Dover, Del., Oc- 
 tober 7, 172S; received a lilieral education ; studied 
 
I 
 
 CONGRKSSIONAL DIKKCToHY, 
 
 law; ]>ractipe<l; iiifinlxT of the State luuweof rep- 
 iv8eii til live.-) for sevenil years; Dekvato to the 
 t'oiithiental CiuiiiresM in 177-1; served in the Uevo- 
 hitiunary Army; ajrain eleetetl asa Delepite totlie 
 C'liMtiiU'iital t'liiiKres-' 1777-7S: reeleeted, hut Ix'fnre 
 takiiiL' his>eatelerte«l ]. resilient cl l)elaHare 177S- 
 I7SL': .lied at Dover, Del., June I'll, 17.S4. 
 
 Rodney, Caesar A., was horn at Dover, Del., 
 January -1. 1771'; reeeiveil a lil>eral e<hu'atiiin; 
 i-tuilieil law; hesran praclire at Wilmington, Del.; 
 elei-tiil a Kei-re.-entative from Delaware to the 
 Ki;;hth fon^'ress as a Di'moeral; appointi'd Altor- 
 nev-lienerai of the I'nittil States hy I'resident 
 Jefferson and eontinned hy I'resident MadLson, 
 serving from 1807 to hSll; served in the war of 
 1812; sent ti> South .Vmeriea hy I'resident Monroe 
 a,s one of the eommissinner.s to iiivistijrate and 
 report on the i>ro[iriety of leeogni/.ing the inde- 
 jiendence of tile !^panish-.\meriean liepuhlies; 
 eleeled to the Seventeenth Congress, serving from 
 Deeendier ,S, ISL'l, to January ■_'4, ISL'L'; eleeted to 
 the Inited States Senate, and' served until .lanuary 
 27, lsi';j, when he resigned, liaving heen appointed 
 ininister plenipotentiary to Buenos Ayres; died at 
 his iMist June 1(1, lf<-.'4. " 
 
 Rodney, Daniel, was horn in Delaware in 
 17i>4; reeeived a limited edueation; I'residential 
 eleetor in isoii; governor of Delaware 1.S14-1S17; 
 eleeted a Repre.sentative from Delaware to the 
 Seventeenth Congress (viee C. A. Rodney, 
 re-signed), serving from l)eeeniher 2, 1.S22, to 
 March 3, 1S23; apiiointed a I'nited States Senator 
 from Delaware (viee X. Van Dyke, deceased), 
 serving from Deeemlier 4, lS2li, to January 2:), 
 1S27; died in Delaware, September 2, 1,S4(). 
 
 Rodney, Georg-e B., was born at Newcastle, 
 Del., in ISO:!; graduated from rrineeton College 
 in 1,S20; eleeted a Kepresentativi' from Delaware 
 to the Twentv-seventh and Twenty-eighth Con- 
 gresses as a \\ hig; delegate to the peace congress 
 at Washington in ISlil; died at Newcastle, Del., 
 June IS, 1883. 
 
 Rodney, Thomas, was born in Delaware, June 
 4, 1744; Delegate from l)elaware to the Conti- 
 nental Congress 17Sl-17s:i and 17.S.5-1787; ai>- 
 pointeil I'nited States judge for Mi.-sissippi Terri- 
 torv in 1803; died at Kodnev. Miss., Januarv 2, 
 isl"l. 
 
 Rogers, Andrew J., was born at Hamburg, 
 N. J., July 1, 1S2S; received a liberal education; 
 studied law and in 1S.')2 began practice: elected a 
 Kepre.-^entative from New Jei-sey to the Thirty- 
 eighth and Thirty-ninth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Rogers, Anthony A. C, was born in Sumner 
 County, Tenn., February 14, 1S21; received a lim- 
 itetl eilucation; nieri-hant; moved to .Vrkansjis in 
 lS.i4: candidate of the Cnion men for delegate to 
 the State convention in Isiil; earnestly opposed 
 secession; arrested forhis loyalty, imprisoned, and 
 forci'il to give bonds to answi-r the charge of "tri'a- 
 son against the Confederate government ; " elected 
 a Henresentative from .\rkans!is to the Thirty- 
 eighth Concre.ss, but was not allowtnl to take his 
 seat, his State not having been loyally recon- 
 ^truited; eleeted to the Kortv-lii-st Congre.ss as the 
 People's eanditlate; defeatetl as the DemoiTatie 
 landidate for reehction. 
 
 Rogers, Charles, was a native of New York; 
 received a lil)eral education at Sandy Hill; 8erve<l 
 in the Stale house of representJitives in 1.S.S3-1837; 
 electeil a Kepre.sentative from New York to the 
 Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Rogers, Edward, was born in Connecticut in 
 1787; received a liberal education; studieil law 
 and began jiractice at Madison, N. Y.; helil vari- 
 ous local otiices; electeil a liejiresentative fmrn 
 New York to the Twenty-sixth Congressas a Dem- 
 ocrat; died at (ialway, N. Y., May 2.'t, 1S.')7. 
 
 Rogers, James, was a native of South Carolina; 
 L-railuated from South Carolina College in lsl:i; 
 studied law and began practice at Yorkville; held 
 various local ollices; elected a Kepre.sentative from 
 South Carolina to the Twenty-fourth Congres.a as 
 a Union Democrat; defeated for reelection; elected 
 to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Con- 
 gresses. 
 
 Rogers, John, was a native of Maryland; Ilele- 
 gate from .Maryland to the Continental Congress 
 177.V7I); died at Annaiiolis, Sei)teniber 23, 17S9. 
 
 Rogers, John, was born at Caldwell, N. Y., 
 May it, 1813; received a lil)eral education; manu- 
 facturer; elected a Kepivseiitative from New York 
 to the Forty-second Congress as a Deniocnit. 
 
 Rogers, John Henry, of Fort Smith, Ark., 
 was born in IJertie County, N. C, October 9, lK4o; 
 moved to Mississippi in lS.i2; joined the Ninth 
 .Mississi]i]ii Regiment, Volunteei's, Confederate 
 States army, as a jtrivate, in March, 1862; jiro- 
 nioted to tii-st lieutenant in same regiment, and 
 served throngh the war; educated at Center Col- 
 lege, Danville, Ky., and at the University of Mis- 
 sissipiii, at Oxford, graduating from the latter 
 college in the da-ss of ISiiS; admitteil to practice 
 law at Canton, Miss., in ISliS; moved to Fort 
 Smith, Ark., in ISIitt; electcrl circuit judge in 1S77; 
 reelected in 1878, and resigned in May, 1882; 
 elected to the Forty-eighth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; reelected to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and 
 Fifty-fii-st Congre.s.ses ; declined a reelection and 
 returned to the jjractice of law; member of the 
 .\rkan.sas Democratic .State convention in 1892; 
 delegate at large to the national Democratic con- 
 vention in 1,892; appointed Uniteil States district 
 judge foi' the western district of Arkansas l>y 
 I'resident Cleveland in Novendx-r, 189t>. 
 
 Rogers, Sion H., was born in Wake County, 
 N. C, September 30, 1825; graduated from North 
 Carolina University in 1.S4(]; studied law; began 
 practice at Kaleigh; elected a Kejiresentative from 
 North Carolina to the Thirty-third Congress a.s a 
 Whig; served in the Confederate army; electeil to 
 the Forty-second Congress as a Democrat; defeatcil 
 for reelection; diel at Kaleigh, N. C., August 14, 
 1874. 
 
 Rogers, Thomas J., was born at Waterford, 
 Ireland, in 1781; emigrated to the United Stati-s 
 in 1784; located in Pennsylvania; printer; editor; 
 elected a Kepre-sentative from I'ennsylvania to the 
 Fifteenth Congress (vice John Koss, resigned) as 
 a Democrat; retdected to the Sixteenth, ."^even- 
 tecntb, and Fighteenth Congresst'S, .serving from 
 March 24, 181S, to .\pril 2t>, 1824, w hen he resigned; 
 appointed register and recorder of deeds for North- 
 ampton County, Pa.; died at New York City, De- 
 cember 7, 1832. 
 
 Rogers, William Findlay, was born in Forks 
 Township, near the borouuh of l-jiston. Pa., 
 March 1, 1820, received a common school eilu- 
 cation; entered a jirinting otiice at Fjiston, Pa.; 
 foreman in the otiice of the Buffalo Daily Courier; 
 at the breaking out of the rebellion cajitain of 
 a company of Slate nnlitia. which tendered ita 
 .services to Pri-sident Lincoln; hiscompany formed 
 one of the Twentv-lirst Hegiment New York Vol- 
 
 i 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 775 
 
 unteers; on "its organization unanimously elected 
 colonel; served with his regiment until mustered 
 out of service in 1863; appointed commissioner 
 of enrollment, and afterwards provost-marshal of 
 the Thirty-second district of New York; elected 
 comptroller of the city of Buffalo in 1807, and 
 mayor of the city of Buffalo in 1869; appointed 
 secretary an<l treasurer of the park commissioners 
 in 1871; nominated for the State senate in 1878, 
 but declii>ed; brevetted brigadier-general Unitecl 
 States Volunteers in 1865 for "faithful and meri- 
 torious services;" major-general of the Fourth 
 Division National Guards, State of New York; 
 elected to the Forty-eighth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; superintendent of the Soldiers and Sailors' 
 Home at Bath, N. Y., 1887-1897; died at Buffalo, 
 
 N. Y., December 16, 1899. 
 
 t 
 
 Rollins, Edward H., was born October 3, 
 1824, iu that portion of Somersworth, N. H., 
 which is now KoUinsford; received an academic 
 education: engaged iu mercantile pursuits; chair- 
 man of the Republican State committee of New 
 Hampshire at its original organization, and for 
 many succeeding years; member of the State leg- 
 islature 1855-1857, serving the last two years as 
 speaker of the house; chairman of the New Hamp- 
 shire delegation at the national Republican con- 
 vention at Chicago in 1860, which nominated 
 Lincoln an<l Handin; Representative from New 
 Hampshire to the Tliirty-seventh, Thirty-eighth, 
 and Thirty-ninth Congresses; elected secretary of 
 the Union Pacific Railroad Company in May, 1869, 
 and treasurer iu April, 1871, resigning those posi- 
 tions befiire taking his seat in the Senate; elected 
 to the United States Senate as a Republican, to 
 succeed Aaron H. Cragin, Eeiniblican; took his 
 seat March 5, 1877, and served until March 4, 1883; 
 died on the Isle of Shoals, New Hampshire, Julv 
 31, 1889. 
 
 Rollins, James Sidney, was born in iladison 
 County, Ky., April 19, ISIJ; graduated from the 
 University of Indiana in 1830; studied law, and 
 began practice in Boone County, Mo.; served sev- 
 eral years in both branches of the State legislature; 
 defeated as the Whig candidate fur governor in 
 1857; elected a Representative from Missouri to 
 the Thirty-seventh and Thirty-eighth Congresses 
 as a Conservative; died near Columbia, Mo., Jan- 
 uary y, 1888. 
 
 Roman, J. Dixon, was a native of Maryland; 
 received a thorough English education; studied 
 law and began practice at Hagerstown; president 
 of the Hagerstown Bank; elected a Representative 
 from ^Maryland to the Thirtieth Congress as a 
 ^^■hig; Presidential elector on the Taylor and Fill- 
 more ticket in 1849 and on the Buchanan and 
 Breckinridge ticket in 1857; died near Hagerstown. 
 Md., January 19, 1867. 
 
 Romeis, Jacob, of Toledo, Ohio, was born at 
 Weisenliach, Kingdom of Bavaria, in Germany, 
 Decemlier 1, 1835; attended the village schools 
 until April, 1847, when he came with his parents 
 to America; attended the pulilic and select schools 
 of Buffalo, N. Y'.; engaged in shipping business 
 and railroading; elected to the boanl of aldermen 
 in the city of Toledo in 1874, reelected in 1876, 
 and president of the hoard in 1877; elected mayor 
 of Toledo in 1879, reelected in ISSl, and again in 
 1883; elected to the Forty-ninth Congress as a 
 Republican; reelected to the Fiftieth Congress. 
 
 Romero, Trinidad, was born at Santa Fe, N. 
 Mex., June 15, 1835; received a common school 
 education; merchant; member uf the Territorial 
 
 house of representatives in 1863; probate judge of 
 
 San Miguel County, N. Mex.; elected a Delegate 
 from New ^Mexico to the Forty-fifth Congress as a 
 Republican. 
 
 Roosevelt, James I. , was born at New York, 
 December 14, 1795; graduated from Columbia Col- 
 lege in 1815; .studied law, and in 1818 began jirac- 
 tice at New Y'ork; councilman; held several local 
 offices; member of the State house of representa- 
 tives iu 1835 and 1840; elected a Representative 
 from New Y'ork to the Twenty-seventh Congress 
 as a Democrat; declined a reelection; engaged in 
 the cultivation of his farm; elected a justice of the 
 supreme court for the New Y'ork di.strirt in 1851, 
 serving until 1859; United States attorney for the 
 district of New York; died at New York City 
 April 5, 1875. 
 
 Roosevelt, Robert B. , was born at New Y'ork 
 City August 7, 1829; received a liberal education; 
 studied law and began ]iractice at New Y'ork; fish 
 commissioner of the State of New York; edited 
 for several years the New Y'ork Citizen; elected a 
 Representative from New Y'ork to the Forty-second 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Root, Erastus, was born at Hebron, Conn., 
 March 16, 1773; graduated from Dartmouth Col- 
 lege in 1793; studied law and began practice at 
 Delhi, N. Y.; member of the State house of rep- 
 resentatives 1798-1802; elected a Representative 
 from New Y'ork to the Eighth and Eleventh Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; State senator 1812-1815; 
 elected to the F( mrteenth Congress ( having suc- 
 cessfully contested the election of John Adams), 
 serving from December 13, 1815, to March 3, 1817; 
 again a member of the State house of representa- 
 tives 1818-1822; elected lieutenant-governor in 
 1822 and defeated for reelection in 1823; again a 
 iiiemlier of the State house of representatives in 
 1K30; elected to the Twenty-second Congress; de- 
 feated as the Whig candidate to the Twenty-sixth 
 Congress; major-general of militia; again State 
 senator 1840-1844; died at New Y'ork City Decem- 
 ber 24, 1846. 
 
 Root, Jesse, was born at Coventry, Conn., 
 December 28, 1736; graduated from Princeton in 
 1756; preacher; studied law, and in 1763 began 
 practice at Hartford, Conn. ; lieutenant-colonel in 
 the Revolutionary Army; Delegate from Connecti- 
 cut to the Continental Congress 1778-1783; ap- 
 pointed a judge of the superior court in 1789 and 
 its chief justice in 1796, .serving until 1807, when 
 he resigned; memljer of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives; died at Coventrv, Conn., March 29, 
 1822. 
 
 Root, Joseph M., was born at Brutus, N. Y., 
 October 7, 1817; received a classical education; 
 studied law and in 1829 began practice at Norwalk, 
 Ohio; held various local offices; member of the 
 State senate in 1840; elected a Representative from 
 Ohio to the Twenty-ninth Congress as an Inde- 
 pendent Whig; reelected to the Thirtieth and 
 Thirty-first Congresses. 
 
 Roots, Logman H. , was born in Perry County, 
 111., ^larch 26, 1,S41; received a liberal education 
 and graduated from the Illinois State Normal 
 University in 1862; assisted in recruiting the Eighty- 
 first Illinois Volunteers; served in various respon- 
 sible positions in the Army until the close of the 
 war; settled in Arkansas and engaged in planting 
 and trading; elected a Representative from .Arkan- 
 sas to the Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses as a 
 Republican; defeated for reelection; died at Little 
 Rock, Ark., May 30, 1893. 
 
<"(> 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 Rose, Robert L., wns born at (icncvii, N. Y., 
 l>(t,ilnr 11', IMM; rt'ci-ivi'il a liinili'd cduraliuli; 
 faniior; held wvt'nil local oliicei'; eli'itol a Keprc- 
 st-nlative from New York to the Tliirtii'th ami 
 Tliirty-tirst I 'oin.'ris.-o.-! &>> a Clay IH-rnocrat. 
 
 Rose, Roberts., wiu-* l)orn in Henrico County, 
 ^'a., in 177-. rtrcivcil a cotnnion H'liool ediifa- 
 tion; renioveil to (icni-va, N. Y.; nienilicr of the 
 Slate bourse of re|ircsentativeH in IMl, IS'JO, and 
 ISL'l; »>lcrt»>il a Kepresentative from New York to 
 the Kijihteenth, Nineteenlli, and Twenty-lirst 
 Conpresse.«; died at Waterloo, X. Y., November 
 24, is:!'>. 
 
 Rosecrans, William Starke, was born in 
 Kinpiton, Ohio, Sejiteniliir ti. ISli): educated at 
 the I'nited States Military Aeadeiiiy at West I'oint, 
 {iradnatinp July 1, 1}<4'2; seeond lieutenant I'nited 
 
 ■ers to April 
 at Kort JIoi 
 
 to Colonel ]>e Kussy at Kort Monroe to Ausrust, 
 lS4:i; aK'iistant professor at the Military Aea<leniy 
 1S44-1847; in eharfre of the fortifieations at New- 
 port, K. I., 1S47-18.">1?, and also in eharjie of 
 surveys and ri'ports fur the improvement of New 
 Be<llord Harbor, I'lovideiue Harbor, and Taun- 
 ton Kiver; eivil and eonstructin}:; enjjineer at the 
 navy-yard at Washin)rton, D. C, 1852; resigned 
 in ]S.i3; eonsultinc engineer and nianufaeturer of 
 eoal oil anil pnissiate of i>otash lSo.'>-lS(il, com- 
 missioned chief engineer of the State of Ohio, 
 with the rank of colonel, June 10. IStil; and 
 colonel of United States Volunteer Infantry in 
 June. IStil; lirigadier-general, V. S. Army IStil- 
 l.si)7; second in coimnainl to Genenil McClellan 
 in We.st Virginia, his brigade winning the liattle 
 of Rich Mountain, which established the su- 
 premacy of the I'nion in West Virginia; com- 
 mander of the I'ejiartment of the Ohio, embracing 
 the States of tMiio, Jlichigan, Indiana, and West 
 Virginia, ltS01-(>L', during which time West Virginia 
 was iirmly established as a State and freed from 
 guerrilla warfare, fnr w Inch he received uiuinimous 
 votes of thanks from the legislatures tif Ohio and 
 West Virginia; appnintcd to succeed Genenil I'ope 
 in command of the little Armv of the Mississip]u, 
 and won the battle of Inka, Sei>tember IK, I8ti2; 
 commissioned major-general of volunteers August 
 1(1, bsti'J. and the commission was 8ul)seC|Uently 
 antedated March l!i, 1M)2: won the battle of Cor- 
 inth October S ami 4, iMiL'. imrsuing the enemy 
 until recalleil byCieneral (irant, who was at Jack- 
 sun, Teim., 7.1 miles away; relieved licim tlie com- 
 maml (■! the district October lit, and oniered to 
 Cincinnati: ])laced in command of the Kourteenth 
 Army Corps, October 27, bSti'J, ami also of the 
 Itepartmeiit of thi' Cumlierland; reorganized the 
 command, repaired the I.cniisville an<l Nashville 
 Kailroad, fortilied Nashville as a primary depot, 
 and won the battle of Stone Kiver Uecember 30, 
 l>*t>2- January 1, Isti.'i; fortified Mnrfreesboro as a 
 secondary dejmt; made the canii)aign of Tulla- 
 homa June 2.'{-July 4, ISIio. ilriving the Confeder- 
 ate Army of the Mississippi out of its strong 
 intrenched camps across theTenne.s.-iee Kiver into 
 tieorgia; rebuilt railroads and bridges, cros-sed 
 the Cumberlancl M(juntains, fought the battle of 
 Chickainauga SeptemlH-r IKand 20, IStW, and took 
 ami held Chattanooga; ordered to Cincinnati to 
 await orders OcIoIht lit, ISil.'i; president of the fair 
 at w liicli S.S2.i.(K»0 was raL-^ed for the .'^aiiitary Com- 
 iiiission; took command of the I)epartment of 
 Missouri January 2H, lMi4; repellnl the invasion of 
 General I'rice, secured order and a fair election; 
 relieved Kei'emlK-r 111, ISH4; kept waiting for or- 
 ders until mustered out ol the volunteer service; 
 n-signed his brigadier-general's commission in 1S67 
 
 and went to California; doclineil the offer of thp 
 directorship of the branch mint in I.Hli7, ainl the 
 Democratic nomination for governor of California; 
 elected to the Forty-seventh Congre,«s as a Demo- 
 crat; reelecteil tfi the Forty-eighth Congress: regis- 
 ter of the Treasury lS.Si>-l,H^»:^; restored to the 
 rank of brigadier-general and retired in liSSD: died 
 March 11, 1898. 
 
 Ross, David, was born in Marylaml about 17.">0; 
 Delegate from Maryland to the Continental Con- 
 
 gre.-^s 17.si;-,s7. 
 
 Ross, Edmund O. , wius born at Ashland, Ohio, 
 
 December 7, IS2(i; received a limited education; 
 jirinter; moved to KaMs;is and became editor of 
 the Kansas Triliune; memlierof the constitutional 
 convention in Is.Mt; entered the rnion .\rmy as a 
 private and attaine<l the rank of major; appointed 
 I'nited States Senator from Kansas as a Reiiul)- 
 lican (vice J. H. I^ne, deceased), servini: trom 
 July ■2'\ isiiti, to March 4, I87I. 
 
 Ross, George, was born at Newcastle. Pel., 
 in I7.'{0; received a liberal etlucation: .stmlied law 
 anil begiui jiractice at l>anca«ter. Pa.; member of 
 the colonial house of representatives in 17<5S; Dele- 
 gate from reiinsylvania to the Continental Con- 
 gress 1774-1777; apjiointed in April, 1779, judge of 
 the court of admiraltv for Pennsvlvania: died at 
 Lancaster, Pa.. July Iti, 1779. 
 
 Ross, Henry H. , was horn in Es.«ex County, 
 X. Y., May 9, 1790; graduated from Columbia 
 College, New York, in 1S08; studied law. and 
 began jiractice at Essex, N. Y.; elected a Kepre- 
 I sentative from New York to the Nineteenth Con- 
 gress as a Whig; county judge of Es.<ex County in 
 1847-48; Presidential elector on the Taylor ami 
 Fillmore ticket in 1848; die<l at Esse.\, N. Y'.. Sep- 
 tember 14, 18tj2. 
 
 Ross, James, wa.s born in York County. Pa., 
 July 12, 17tJ2; received a liberal eilucation and 
 taught school; studied law, and in 17S4 began 
 practice at Philadelphia; delegate to the State 
 constitutional convention in 1790; electetl a I'nited 
 States Senator from Pennsylvania as a Federalist, 
 serving from April 24, 1794, to March :>. 1803; 
 died near Pittsburg, Pa., November 27, 1847. 
 
 Ross, John, was a Representative from Penn- 
 svlvania to the Eleventh Congress, serving from 
 May 22, 1809, to March 3, 1811; elected to the 
 Fourteenth and Fifteenth Congre,«.«es. serving from 
 December 4, 181.5, to February 24. 1818. when he 
 resigned to become jiresident-judge of the judicial 
 district in which he resided. 
 
 Ross, Jonathan, of St. Johnsbury, Vt.. wa.« 
 born in Wateilonl. Vt., April SO, ls2t): educated 
 in the public schools, St. Johnsbury Academy, 
 and Dartmouth College, grailuating in 18.51 ; taught 
 school; read law; admitted to the bar in 18.5ii; 
 returned to St. Johnsbury and pnnticed until 
 1870. when elected to the bench of the supreme 
 court; cho.-ien chief justice in 1890; relire.«enled St. 
 Johnsburv in the lower house of the legislature 
 I8tio, 18()(i, and 1.8(i7, and in 1870 elected to the 
 senate; elevated to the bench while in that body; 
 apixiinteil .S'nator January 11, l.'<9!i, by (iovernor 
 Smith to succee<l the late .lustin S. Morrill. 
 
 Ross, Lewis R., was born in ."^eneca County, 
 X. Y., December S, 1812; moved to Illinois: i-<*- 
 ceived a liberal education; studied law and prac- 
 ticed; memberot the State legislature lif Illinois in 
 in 1840, 1,S41, 1844. ami 1.84.5: Pre.sidential elector 
 in 1848; ineinberof the Illinois State constitutional 
 
BI0GEAPHIE3. 
 
 777 
 
 convention in 1861; elected a Representative from 
 Illinois to the Thirty-ei^ht, Thirty-ninth, and 
 Fortieth Congresses; died in 1895. 
 
 Ross, Miles, of New Brunswick, N. J., was born 
 in Karitan Township, Middlesex County, N. J., 
 April 30, 1828, received a practical English educa- 
 tion; engaged in the vessel business; filled nearly 
 all of the local positions of his neighborhood; for 
 two years a member of the State legislature of 
 Xew Jersey; elected to the Forty-fourth, Forty- 
 fifth, Forty-sixth, and Fort h-seventh Congresses as 
 a Democrat. 
 
 Boss, Sobieski, was born in Coudersport, Pa., 
 Ma}' l(i, 1828; rei'eived a liberal education; civil 
 engineer; engaged in farming; elected a Repre- 
 sentative froua Pennsylvania to the Forty-third and 
 Forty-fourth Congresses as a Republican; died 
 October 25, 1877. 
 
 Ross, Thomas, was a native of Pennsylvania; 
 graduated fmni Princeton College in 1823; resided 
 at Doylestdwn; elected a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second 
 Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Ross, Thomas R. , was born in 1789; received 
 a liberal education; studied law, and began prac- 
 tice at Lebanon, Ohio; elected a Representative 
 from Ohio to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and 
 Eighteenth Congresses; lost his eyesight in 1866; 
 died on his farm near Lebanon, Ohio, June 28, 
 1869. 
 
 Rothwell, Gideon F. , was born in Callaway 
 County, Mo., in 1836; graduated from the Univer- 
 sity of the State of Missouri; lawyer; elected to 
 the Forty-sixth Congress as a Democrat; after 
 leaving Congress resumed the practice of law at 
 Moberly, Mo. ; Presidential elector in 1884 on the 
 Democratic ticket; appointed iu 1889 memlier of 
 the board of curators of the University of ^Missouri, 
 of which l.ioard he was president 1890-1894; died 
 January 18, 1894, at his home in Moberly, Mo. 
 
 Rousseau, Lovell H. , was born near Stanford, 
 Ky., August 4, 1818; received a limited education; 
 studied law, ami in 1841 began practice at Bloom- 
 field, Ind.; member of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives 1844-45; captain in the Mexican war; 
 served in the Indiana State senate; returned to 
 Kentucky and l^egan practice at Louisville; served 
 in the Kentucky State senate; served in the Union 
 Army; elected a Representative from Kentucky 
 to the Thirty-ninth Congress as a Republican, 
 serving from' December 4, 1865, to July 21, 1866, 
 when he resigned, having assaulted Representa- 
 tive Grinnell, of Iowa, in the Capitol; subsequently 
 reelected, and took his seat Decembers, 1866, serv- 
 ing until JIarch 3, 1867; appointed brigadier-gen- 
 eral in the Regular Army and assigned to duty in 
 Alaska; while visiting friends in Xew Orleans,' be- 
 fore starting, his conduct led General Sheridan, 
 who was in command then, to make complaint 
 against him; returned from Alaska to testify in 
 the impeachment trial, and was himself assigned 
 to the command from which Sheridan was re- 
 moved; died at New Orleans January 7, 1869. 
 
 Rowan, John, was born in Pennsylvania in 
 1773; moved to Louisville. Ky., and received a 
 limited education; studied law and practiced; sec- 
 retary of the State of Kentucky in 1804; elected a 
 Representative from Kentucky to the Tenth Con- 
 gress, serving from January 9, 1809, to March 3, 
 1809; judge of the court of appeals in 1819; elected 
 a United States Senator from Kentuckv, serving 
 rom December 5, 1825, to March 3, 1831; minister 
 
 to Naples from Januarv 3, 1848, to January 1, 
 1850; died at Louisville,' Ky., July 13, 1S53. 
 
 Rowe, Peter, of Schenectady, N. Y., was a 
 native of that State; received a liberal education; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Rowell, Jonathan H. , of Blooniington, 111., 
 was born at Haverhill, N. H., February 10, 1833; 
 graduated from Eureka College, Illinois, and the 
 law department of the University of Chicago; 
 lawyer; State attorney of the eighth judicial cir- 
 cuit of Illinois 1868-1872; Presidential elector on 
 the Garfield and Arthur ticket in 1880; served 
 three years as a company officer in the Seventeenth 
 Illinois Infantry; elected to the Forty-eighth Con- 
 gress as a Republican; reelected to the Forty- 
 ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses; resumed 
 the practice of law after leaving Congress. 
 
 Rowland, Alfred, of Lumberton, N. C, was 
 born at Lumberton, Robeson County, N. C, Feb- 
 ruary 9, 1844; received a common school educa- 
 tion; entered the Confederate army in May, 1861, 
 and served as a lieutenant in Com'panv D,' Eight- 
 eenth Regiment of North Carolina State troops 
 till May 12, 1864; captured in battle of Spottsyl- 
 yania Court-House on that day, and afterwards 
 imprisonedat Fort Delaware till June, 1865; studied 
 law; obtained county court license in January, 
 1867, and supreme court license in January, 1868; 
 elected by tlie county court register of deeds for 
 Robeson County in 1867; mendjerof the general 
 assembly of North Carolina 1876-77, and again in 
 1880-81; Cleveland and Hendricks elector for the 
 Sixth Congressional district in 1884; elected to 
 the Fiftieth Congress as a Democrat; reelected 
 j.<j the Fifty-first Congress. 
 
 Royce, Homer E., was born at Berkshire, Vt., 
 June 14, 1820; studied law, and in 1842 began prac- 
 tice at Berkshire, Vt. ; member of the State house 
 of representatives 1846-47; State prosecuting at- 
 torney in 1848; served in tlie State senate 1849-1851; 
 elected a Representative from Vermont to the 
 Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses as a Re- 
 publican; elected associate justice of the supreme 
 court of Vermont in 1870; appointed chief justice 
 in 1882, and on account of ill health resigned in 
 1890; died at St. Albans, Vt., Aj.ril 24, 1891. 
 
 Royse, Lemuel W. , of Warsaw, Ind., was born 
 January 19, 1848, in Kosciusko County, Ind.; at- 
 tended common schools; by studying at home 
 acquired sufficient knowledge to teach school in 
 the winter seasons; began reading law; admitted 
 to the liar in 1874, at Warsaw, Ind. ; elected jjrose- 
 cuting attorney for the thirty-third judicial circuit 
 of Indiana in 1876; elected" mayor of the citv of 
 Warsaw in 1885 and held this office until 1891;" on 
 the Republican electoral ticket in 1884; member 
 of the Republican State central committee 1886- 
 1890; delegate to the Minneapolis convention 
 which nominated Harrison for his second term in 
 1892; elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a Re- 
 publican; reelected to the Fifty-fifth Congress. 
 
 Rucker, "William "W. , of Keytesville, Mo., was 
 born February 1, 1855, near Covington, Va.; at 
 the Ijeginning of the war moved to \\'est Virginia; 
 attended the common schools; moved to Chariton 
 County, IMo. ; engaged in teaching district schools; 
 continued the study of law; admitted to the bar 
 in 1876; elected prosecuting attorney of Chariton 
 County in 1886, which office he held for three 
 consecutive terms and until nominated for circuit 
 judge of the twelfth judicial circuit; elected circuit 
 judge for a term of six \-ears iu 1892, which posi- 
 
778 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTORY. 
 
 tiim he lield when nominated forConpretis; electcil 
 totlierifty-sixtliC(>n;.'ief^.-';is!i IH'iiiocrai: reelected 
 to till' I'il'ty-si'venlli ( 'on;rre,'TS. 
 
 Ruffin, Thomas, was a iiativi- of Eilpeeiunlx- 
 C'oiiiitv, N. I'.; ^railiuited I'miu Chapel Hill I'ni- 
 vei-sity; studied law and hejran |ira<tire at (iolds- 
 boni; eireiiit attoniey 1S44-1S48; elected a Kepre- 
 sentafive from North Carolina to the Thirtv-third, 
 Thirty-fourth, Thirty-liflli. and Thirly-six'th Con- 
 gresses as a lUiiiocrat: ntircd frnm the House on 
 the secession of North Carolina; d(le;.'ale to the 
 Confederate provisional congress at Hichmond in 
 .Tulv. ISdl: served in the Confederate arniv; died 
 at Alexandria, Va., Octoherf*, 1803. 
 
 Ruggles, Benjamin, was born in Windham 
 Co\nily, I'onn., in 17s;;; receivi'il a liheral i-duca- 
 tion; studied law and he^an practice at Marietta, 
 Ohio; moved to St. Clairsville, Ohio; elected 
 presiclont judge of the court of common pleas for 
 the thiril judicial circuit in ISIO; elected a Cnited 
 States Senator from Ohio as a Democrat, an<l twice 
 reelected, siTvinj: from March 4, l.slii, to ^larch 'J, 
 183:!; I'residential eleitor on the Harrison ticket 
 in lS3ti; died at St. Clairsville, (,>hio, September 
 2, 1S57. 
 
 Ruggles, Charles H., was born in Litchfield 
 County, Conn., in 17!'0; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; studied law and beiran jiractice at Kin^iston, 
 N. Y.; mendxT of the Stale house of ri'presenta- 
 tives in ISL'O; elected a Kei)resentative from New- 
 York to the Seventeenth Consrress; jud^re of the 
 Dutchess County court; ajrain elected a mendier of 
 the State hou.'seof repre.-'entatives; elected a judfie 
 of the court of ajipeals, Novendjer S, l,s.53, and re- 
 signed August 3tl, 1,S.5.t; died at I'ough keejwie, 
 K. Y., June 16, 186.5. 
 
 Ruggles, John, was liorn at Westboro, Ma.<s.> 
 in 17!'0; graduated from Urown I'niversity in bsbi; 
 studied lawaiul began jiractice at.'^kowbegan. Me.; 
 move<l toThomaston in IMS; meml>erof the State 
 house of representatives |SL':5-Is:!l, and its sjieaker 
 lS2.=>-lSL'i) and \s:',] ; judge of th«> distrii-t c'oiirt nl 
 Maine; elected a Inited States Senator from Elaine 
 (vice Peleg Sprague, resigned) as a Democrat, 
 serving from Febniarv 6, IS'.ifi, to >birch 3, 1841; 
 died at Thomaston, Me., ,Tune 20, 1ST4. 
 
 Ruggles, Nathaniel, was born in Ma.-^sachu- 
 sett.< in 17i)l; graduated from Harvard College in 
 1781; elected a Kepre.sentative from Massachusetts 
 to the Thirteenth Congress as a Kederalist; re- 
 electeil to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Con- 
 gresses; diedatKoxbury.^lass., |)i( emberHt, 1819. 
 
 Rumple, John Nicholas William, was born 
 near Fostoria, Ohio, .March 4, 1841; attended jiublic 
 schools, afterwards Western College, Iowa, and 
 later the normal department of the Iowa Stale 
 Vnivei-sily; eiilislcil in Company II, Seconil Iowa 
 Cavalry, ,\ugust, l.siH, and rcmaini'd in the.Vrmy 
 luitil ( Iclober, ISti.'i, entering as private and heing 
 mustered out ascaplaiii; participated in the battles 
 of Island No. Ill, New .Madrid, siege of Corinth, 
 Sheridan's Ijattleof Kieiizi, charge at Farmington, 
 luka, Corinth, (irierson's r.iid, Tujielo, in frontof 
 Hood's advance on Nashville, Franklin, Ci>luin- 
 bia, Nashville, etc.; admitted to practice law in 
 February, I.Hii7; mendierof the Slate senate at the 
 a>ljoiirnei| session of the fourtei-nth, and also in the 
 lifteelilh, sixteiMilh, ami se\enteitilli general as- 
 semlilies; memlier of the board of regents of the 
 State I'niversity for six years, also curator of the 
 Slate Historical Society; ineinlK>r of city council, 
 mayor, city solicitor, mendier of school board, and 
 many other minor positions; elected to the Fifty- 
 
 seventh Congress as a Republican, serving until hi' 
 died, at Chicago, III.,. January 31, Um. 
 
 Rumsey, Benjamin, was born about 17.30; 
 Delegali' from .Maryland to the Continental Con- 
 gress 17.s.'>-17s7. 
 
 Rumsey, David, of Hath, N. Y., was a native 
 of that Slate; reieiveil a limited education; held 
 several loial ollices; elected a Keiiresentative from 
 New York to the Thirtieth and Thirty-first Con- 
 gresses as a Whig. 
 
 Rumsey, Edward, of (ireenville, Ky., was a 
 native of thai State; received a liberal e<lucation; 
 held several local otiices; elected a Representative 
 from Kentuckv to llie Twentv-liflh Congr^s-' as a 
 Whig. 
 
 Runk, John, of Kingwocd, N. .1., was a native 
 of that State; received a liberal edui-ation; I'resi- 
 ileiitial elector on the Harrison and Tyler ticket in 
 1840; elected a Representative from New Jersey to 
 the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Ruppert, Jacob, jr., of New York City, was 
 
 born .\ngust ."), l.si)7, in the city of New York; edu- 
 cated at the Colundiia < irammar School; brewer; 
 member of the Seventh Regiment, National (iuard 
 of New York, before his appointment as aid-de- 
 camp (with the rank of colonel) on the staff of 
 (iovenior Hill, an<l sub.seiiuently as senior aid on 
 the staff of (iovernor Flower; elected to the Fifty- 
 .sixlh and Fifty-seventh Congresses as a Democrat; 
 reelected to the Fiftv-eighth Congre.?s. 
 
 Rush, Benjamin, was born near Philadelphia, 
 !'a., Decendier 24, 174.t; graduated from Princeton 
 College in 17(>0; studied medicine in Kuroiie; re- 
 I turned and began practice at Philadelphia in 
 August, 1769; held .several profe.s.«orships in the 
 Philadeljihia .Medical College; Delegate from 
 Pennsylvania to the Continental Congre.^s 177t>- 
 77; entered the Revolutionary Army as surgeon- 
 general of the middle dei>artment; made phy- 
 sician-general in July, 1777; resigned in February, 
 177S; ilelegale the State constitutional convention 
 which ado])led the Federal Constitution; treasurer 
 of the I'niti'd States mint at Phiiailelphia from 
 179!t until his death at that city, .\pril lit, 1813. 
 
 Rusk, Henry Welles, of Baltimore, Md., was 
 born at iialtimore, .Md., Octolier 17, bS.i2; edu- 
 cated in private schools and at the Raltimore City 
 College, graduating from the latter in 1,'<66, and 
 from the Marvland I'niversilv Law .School in 
 
 1882, with the ilegri f LL. 15."; admitted to the 
 
 bar and jiracliced law in Haltinion-; six years a 
 member of the Maryland house of delegates, and 
 four years a meudier of the .Maryland senate; 
 elected to Mil the unexpirc"! term of William H. 
 Cole, deceased, in the Forty-ninth Congress; re- 
 electecl to the Fiftieth, Fif'ty-tii-st, Fifty-second, 
 Fiftv-tliiril, and Fifty-fourth Congresses lu-^ a Dem- 
 ocrat. 
 
 Rusk, Jeremiah M., was liorn in Morgan 
 County, Ohio, June 17, 18;i0; received a limited 
 education; moved to Vernon County, Wis., in 
 18.53; held various local ollices; member of the 
 Wisconsin State legislature in l.'<62; major of the 
 Twenty-tifth Wisconsin Volunteers in July, l.>^62; 
 promoted to the colonelcy; brevetled lirigadier- 
 geiieral at the cUise of the war; elected bank 
 comptroller of Wisconsin lsti(i-(l7,and again electe<l 
 for ISilS-till; elected a Repri-eiilative from Wis- 
 consin to the Forty-second, Forlv-third, and Forty- 
 fourth Congresses as a KepulAican; .Sn'retarv of 
 Agricnltun- March o. 18SH, to March 5, 1893; died 
 in 1.8;i3. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 779 
 
 Busk, Thomas J., ■was Ixirn at Camden, S. C, 
 Augut^t 8, 1.S02; received a liberal education; 
 studied law, and began jiractice in Georgia; moved 
 to Texas in l.sng; delegate to the convention which 
 declared for the independence of Texas in 183.5; 
 first secretary of war of the new republic; at the 
 battle of San Jacinto took conniiand of the forces 
 after General Houston was wouniled, retaining it 
 until October, 1836, when he resumed his duties 
 as secretary of war; chief justice of the supreme 
 court of Texas 1838-1842; president of the conven- 
 tion that confirmed the annexation of Texas to the 
 United States in 1845; elected a United States Sen- 
 ator from Texas as a Democrat, serving from 
 March 26, 1846, to July 29, 18.56, when he died, 
 at Nacogdoches, Tex. 
 
 Russ, John, was born at Ipswich, Mass., in 
 1764; received a liberal education; moved to Hart- 
 ford, Conn.; elected a Representative from Con- 
 necticut to the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat: died at Hartford, Conn., 
 June 22, 1832. 
 
 Russell, Benjamin Edward, of Bainbridge, 
 Ga., was born at ]\Ionticello, Fla., October 5, 1845; 
 moved to Decatur County, Ga., in 1854; educated 
 in the common schools; entered the Confederate 
 army as a drummer Iioy in the First Georgia Reg- 
 iment; ujion the disbanding of this regiment, im- 
 mediately enlisted in the Eighth Florida Regiment, 
 continuing with it the last three years of the war 
 with the rank of first lieutenant; captured at the 
 battle of Sailors Creek, Virginia, April 6, 1865, and 
 imprisoned at John.sons Island, Ohio, until all of 
 the Confeilerate armies had surrendered; entered 
 the printing business; editor of the Bainbridge 
 Democrat; delegate to the State constitutional con- 
 vention in 1877; delegate to the national Demo- 
 cratic convention in 1880; mayor of Bainbridge in 
 1881-82; representative in the legislature 1882-83; 
 postmaster at Bainbridge 188.5-1890; elected to the 
 Fifty-third Congress as a Democrat; reelected to 
 the Fifty-fourth Congre-ss; after leaving Congress 
 engaged in newspaper work and again became 
 editor of the Bainbridge Democrat. 
 
 Russell, Charles Addison, was liorn at Worces- 
 ter, Mass., 3Iarch 2, 1852; received a ])ulilic school 
 and collegiate education, graduating from Yale 
 College in the class of 1873; woolen manufacturer; 
 aid-de-camp I colonel) on Governor Bigelow's staff 
 1881-,82; member of the liouse of the general 
 assemblv of Connecticut, in 1883; secretarv of state 
 of Connecticut 188.5-86; elected to the" Fiftieth 
 Congress as a Republican; reelected to the Fiftv- 
 first. Fifty-second, Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty- 
 fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congres.ses, 
 and nominated for the Fifty-eighth Congress, but 
 died before the election, at Killinglv, Conn., 
 October 23, 1902. 
 
 Russell, David, was born in ^lassachusetts in 
 1800; receiveil a liberal education; studied law 
 and began practice at Salem, N. Y.: served as a 
 member of the State house of representatives 1826 
 and 1830; district attorney for the northern ju<licial 
 district ot New York; elected a Rejtresentative 
 from New York to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty- 
 fifth, and Twenty-sixth Congresses as a Whig; 
 died at Salem, N, Y., November 24, 1861. 
 
 Russell, Daniel Lindsay, of Wilmington, 
 N. C, was liorn in Brunswick County, N. C, 
 August 7, 1845; educateil at the Bingham School 
 in Orange County, N. C, and the university at 
 Clia])el Hdl; studieil law; licensed to practice in 
 June, 1860; elected to the State legislature in 
 
 Augu.st, 1864, and reelected in October, 1865'. 
 elected judge of the superior courts for the fourth 
 judicial circuit in April, 1868, ami served six years; 
 elected in 1871 to the constitutional convention 
 from the county of Brunswick; again elected to 
 the legislature in November, 1876, from Bruns- 
 wick County; delegate to the Republican conven- 
 tion at Cincinnati in 1876; Hayes elector for the 
 State at large in 1876; elected to the Forty-sixth 
 Congress as a National; elected governor of North 
 Carolina in 1896. 
 
 Russell, Gordon, of Tyler, Tex., was born of 
 Georgia parents, at Huntsville, Ala.; educated at 
 the Sam Bailey Institute, Griffin, Ga., and the 
 Crawford High School, Dalton, Ga., and after a 
 two years' course at the University of Georgia, 
 received from that institution the degree of A. B.; 
 member of the Phi Delta Theta Greek letter fra- 
 ternity and of the I'hi Kajjpa Debating Society; 
 chosen anniversary orator of the Phi Kappa Society; 
 taught school at Dalton, Ga. ; read law; admitted 
 to the bar liy the superior court for Whitfield 
 County; moved to Texas in the latter part of 1879 
 and located in \'an Zandt County; moved ti i T\ler, 
 Smitli County, in 1895; elected county judge of 
 Van Zandt County in 1.884, and at the end of one 
 term voluntarily relinqui.shed that office to resume 
 the practice of his profession; elected district at- 
 torney of the seventh judicial district of Texas, 
 composed of the c'ounties of Gregg, Smith, Upshur, 
 A'an Zandt, and Wood, in 1892; reelected to that 
 office in 1894; elected district judge of the seventh 
 judicial district of Texas in 1896, ami reelected to 
 that office witliout any opposition in 1900; nomi- 
 nated as the Democratic candidate in the new 
 Third Congressional district for the Fifty-eighth 
 Congress in August, 1902, and upon the death of 
 Hon. R. C. De Graffenreid was elected to fill out 
 the remainder of his term in the Fifty-seventh 
 Congress; elected to the Fift)--eighth Congress. 
 
 Russell, James M., was born at York, Pa., 
 Novendjer 10, 1780; received a liberal education; 
 studied law and began practice at Bedford, Pa.; 
 elected a Rej^resentative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Twenty-seventh Congress ( vice Joseph Lawrente, 
 deceased), as a AVhig, serving from Januarv 3, 
 1842, to jMarch 3, 1843; died at Bedford, Pa., 
 December 20, 1870. 
 
 Russell, Jeremiah, was born at Saugerties, 
 N. Y., in 1776; received a limited education; held 
 several local offices; Presidertial elector on the 
 Van Buren ticket in 1836; elected a Representa- 
 tive from New York to the Twenty-eighth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; defeated for reelection to the 
 Twenty-ninth Congress; died at Saugerties, N. Y'., 
 in 1867. 
 
 Russell, John, of Oswego County, N. Y., w-asa 
 native of that State; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses. 
 
 Russell, JohnE., of Leicester, Mass. , was born 
 at (ireenlield, ;Mass., January 20, 1834; engaged 
 in farming; elected secretary of the Massachu.setts 
 State board of agriculture in 1880; five times re- 
 elected, serving until elected to the Fiftieth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat. 
 
 Russell, Jonathan, was born at Providence, 
 R. ].. in 1771: graduated from Brown University 
 in 1791; studied law and admitted to the liar, but 
 did not practice; merchant: minister to Norway 
 and Sweden January 18, 1814, to October 16, 1818; 
 commissioner to negotiate a treaty of peace with 
 (jhent in 1814; returned home and settled at 
 Mendon. Mass.; elected ii Representative from 
 
780 
 
 CONGRKSSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 Massufhiisettf to ttip Ppvrntopntli Conprccc as n 
 DenuK-rat; ilioi) at Milton, Mass.. Fi'hrnary lit, 1832. 
 
 Russell, Joseph, of Wanvtislmrn, N. Y., was a 
 native of that State; rereived a liiniteii eilucation; 
 eleitod a l\ei>resentative from New York to the 
 Twenty-ninth and Thirty-scconii Congresses as a 
 DenKH'rat. 
 
 Kussell, Samuel L., of Bedford, I'a.. was a 
 native of I'ennsylvania; rei'cived a lilieral cdnea- 
 tion; lielil various local offiees; eleeti'd a Kepre- 
 sentative from rennsylvania to the Thirty-thinl 
 Congress as a Whi;;. 
 
 Kussell, William, was a native of Ireland: 
 enii).'rated t^i the I'nited Stati's and located at 
 West Union, (Ihio; received a limited education: 
 Iield several local otiices: elected a Kepresentative 
 from Ohio to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, anil 
 Twenty-second Conj;resses: defeated for the 
 Twenty-third Conjire.ss; moved to rortsniouth, 
 Ohio, and pU-cted to the Twenty-seventh Con- 
 gress as a WhiLT: died at Portsmouth. Ohio. Octo- 
 ber 2, lS4.'x 
 
 Russell, William A., was horn at Wells Kiver. 
 Mass., .\]irilL'2. ISiil: reciived an academic educa- 
 tion: commenced mamifacturinir paper at Kxeter, 
 X. II., in 1852, and moved in 1852 to Jjiwrence; 
 lueniber of the State house of representatives in 
 1869; dele<rateto the Keputilican national conven- 
 tions in 18(i8 and IKTti: elected to the Korty-sixth 
 Coni;re.«s as a Ke|)ulilicai': reelected to the Forty- 
 seventh ami Forty-eii_dith Conjrresses; after leav- 
 ing Congress devoted Ids time to the manufacture 
 of paper on a large scale; died at Boston, Mass., 
 January 10, 18519. 
 
 Russell, William F. , was born at Saugerties, 
 X. Y.: received a liheral education: merchant: 
 held several loi-d otiices; elected a liepresentative 
 from Xew York to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Rust, Albert, was a native of Yirginia: re- 
 ceived a liberal education; studieil law and began 
 practice at Eldora<lo, Ark.; elected a Rejiresenta- 
 tive from Arkansa.s to the Thirtv-fourth Congress 
 as a Democrat; defeat e<l for reelection: elected to 
 the Thirty-sixth Congress; brigadier-general in the 
 Confederate army; died .\]iril '■>, ls7H. 
 
 Rutherford, Robert, was a native of Yirginia: 
 received a liberal education: held .several local 
 olbces; elected a Representative from Yirginia to 
 the Third and Fourth Congresses; defeated for 
 reelection to the Fifth Congress. 
 
 Rutherfurd, John, was born at Xew York City 
 in .Sejitember, 1700; graduated from rrimeton Col- 
 lege in ITTti; studied law and began practice at 
 Edgerston.N. J.: I'residential elector in I79S, LSI:;, 
 and 1821; elected a I'nited States Senator from 
 New.Iprsey, serving from October24, 1791. to Feb- 
 niarv, 179.S, when here.-igned; died at Rutherforil, 
 X. ,J".. February 2:!, 1840. 
 
 Rutledge. Edward, wa" born at Charleston, 
 S. C, Xovember2.i, 1749; receivi'd a lilKTal educa- 
 tion; studied law at the Temple in London: began 
 practice in Charleston in 177:!: Iielegate from 
 South Carolina to the Continental Congress 1774- 
 1777; appointed a mendier of the first board of 
 war in June, 177t>; caiitain of a company of vol- 
 unteer infantry in the Hevohitionary .\rmy: taken 
 ]irisoner when the British captured Charleston, 
 and imprisoned at St. .\ngustinea year: exchanged: 
 governor of South Carolina from 179,s until Jan- 
 uary 28, IHOO, when he died at Charleston, S. C. 
 
 Rutledge, John (father of John Untledgp .was 
 born at Charleston, S.C., in 1739; received a cla.-isical 
 education; studied law at the Temjile in London; 
 enngrated to the I'niteil States ^iid located at 
 Charleston, S. C.. where be began thi' jiractice of 
 law in 17t>l: Delegate from .South Carolina to the 
 I'rovincial Congress at New York in 17i>5; Dele- 
 gate to thel'oiitinental Congress 1774-1777; elected 
 president of South Carolina 177t)-177S, and gov- 
 ernor 1779-1782; again elected a Delegjite to the 
 Continental Congre.'^s 1782-83; elected one of the 
 State chancellors in 1784; member of the State 
 convention to ratify the Feileral Constitution; re- 
 ceived the electoral vote of South Carolina for 
 \'ice-l'resiilent in 1789; a.ssociate justice of the 
 Fnited States Sujireme Court, serving from I7.S9- 
 1791; elected chief justice of South Carolina 1790, 
 and resigned in 1795; nominated by President 
 Washington in 1795 tr be Chief Justice of the .Su- 
 preme Court of the United States, but the .'Senate 
 refused to confirm him; died at Charleston, S. C, 
 Jidy 23, I.SOO. 
 
 Rutledg-e, John (son of John Rutliilge), was 
 born at Charleston, S. C., in 17G(i; received a liberal 
 education: studied law and began practice at 
 Charleston, S. C. ; held several local oflices; elected 
 a Kepresenlative from South Carolina to the Fifth 
 and .'^ixth Congres.^es as a Federalist: died at Phil- 
 adeljihia.S'ptember 1, 1819. 
 
 Ry-all, D. B., was a native of Trenton. X. J.; 
 received a liberal education; studied law and lie- 
 gan practice at Freehold, N. J.: elected a Repre- 
 ."entative from Xew Jersey to the Twenty-sixth 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Ryan, James W., of Pottsville, Pa., was bom 
 in Norwegian Township, .Schuylkill County, Pa., 
 October l(i, 1858; moved to Mahanoy City with his 
 parents when a small boy, where he attended the 
 liublic schools during the winter and was em- 
 ployed about the coal mines as a mule driver until 
 he reached the age of H), at which time his father 
 engaged in farming in Butler Township, Schuyl- 
 kill County: then attended th<- high school of 
 Frackville. and after graduating taught in the 
 public .schools: commenced the study of law and 
 admitted to the bar in 18s4; elected district attor- 
 ney in 1892. and served until January. 1.S96: elected 
 to the Fifty-sixth Congress as a Detuocrat. 
 
 Ryan, Thomas, of Tojieka, Kans., was Ix)m 
 at Oxford, X. Y., November 25, 1,'<37; lived in 
 Bradford County, Pa., from infancy until 18ti5; 
 when he nioved to Topeka, Kans.; receiviil an 
 academic education: entered the Volunteer .\rniy 
 of the United .States in 1862 ami mustered out in 
 the fall of ist>4 on account of wounds received 
 in the battle of the Wilderne.«s: admitted to the 
 practice of law in 1S61 ; county attorney in Kan.sas 
 tor eight successive years; a.-isistant Uinteil States 
 attorney for KiMisas 1S73-1877: elected to the 
 Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth. Forty-seventh. Forty- 
 eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth Congn-.-.-ies as a 
 Kepublii^an: served four years as nnnisler to the 
 Republic of Mexico; appointed First Assistant 
 Secretary of the Interior by Presiilent McKinley. 
 
 Ryan, William, of Port Chester, N. Y., wa.« 
 born in Tijiperary, Ireland, in 1840; came to this 
 coimtry with his parents, who settled at ."^tan- 
 wich, Conn., in 1,844; attended dislrict schools 
 during winter and worked on farms in summer 
 mitil the spring of 18.59, when he went to the 
 Kockv .Mountains; continued pros|>ecting. mining, 
 and Indian campaigning imtil ]Hi>\. when he 
 returned home and settleil in Port Chester: ineui- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 781 
 
 ber of the State assemljly 1891-92; elected to the 
 Fifty-third Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Byan, "William Henry, nf Buffalo, X. Y., was 
 bom at Hupkintou, ^lass., May 10, 1860; moved 
 to Buffalo with his parents iu 1866; educated in 
 the puljlic schools and high school; engaged in 
 boot and shoe business; elected to the board of 
 supervisors of Erie County in 1894, and reelected 
 in 1897; elected to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, 
 and Fiftv-eighth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Ryon, John W., of Pottsville, Pa., was born 
 in Tioga County, Pa., March 4, 1825; educated in 
 theconimon schools, at Miliville Academy, Orleans 
 County, N. Y., and at Wellsboro Academy, Wells- 
 boro, Pa.; studied law, and admitted to the liar 
 in 1847. an(i practiced; elected district attorney of 
 Tioga Co\intv in 1850; reelected in 18.53, and held 
 the office until 1856; elected to the Forty-sixth 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 St. Clair, Arthur, was born at Thurso, Scot- 
 land, in 17.'54; received a classical education; stud- 
 ied medicine; came to America in 1758 with the 
 British troops, and resigned hiscomraissionin 1762; 
 settled in Westmoreland County, Pa., in 1764 and 
 engaged in the lumber business; held .'■■everal local 
 offices; commis-sioned colonel of the militia in 1775, 
 and sent to Fort Pitt to treat with the Indians; 
 served in the Revolutionary Army; a Delegate from 
 Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress 178.5- 
 1787, the last year as president; appointed gov- 
 ernor of tlie Northwest Territory in 1788; located 
 at and named the city of Cincinnati; appointed 
 general in chief of the armv in 1791, and resigned 
 in 1792; died at Greensburg, Pa., August 31, 1818. 
 
 St. John, Charles, was born in Orange County, 
 N. Y., Octobers, 1818; received a common school 
 education; engaged in lunil)eringon the Delaware 
 River; merchant; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Forty-second and P'orty-third 
 Congresses as a Republican; Presidential elector 
 in 1880; died at Port Jervis, N. Y., July 6, 1881. 
 
 St. John, Daniel B., was born at Sharon, 
 Conn., t)ctober 8, 1808; received a limited educa- 
 tion; at an early age employeil liy his uncle in his 
 mercantile and real estate establishment at Monti- 
 cello, X. Y.; succeeded to the basiness in 1831; 
 elected to tlie State assembly as a Henry Clay 
 "Whig in 1840; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Thirtieth Congress as aAVhig; move<l 
 to Newburgh, N. Y. ; delegate to the national union 
 convention at Baltimore in 1860; defeated for 
 Congress on the Democratic ticket in 1860; electeil 
 a State senator in 1875; ilelegate to the national 
 Democratic convention at St. Louis in 1876; died 
 ill New Yoi-k City February 18, 1890. 
 
 St. John, Henry, was a native of New York; 
 received a limited education; moved to Tiffin, 
 Ohio; held several local offices; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Ohio to the Twenty-eigldh and 
 Twenty-ninth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 St. Martin, Louis, was born in St. Charles 
 Parish, La., in 1820; educated at St. Mary's Col- 
 lege, Missouri, and Jefferson College, Louisiana; 
 entered a notary's office with the purpose of study- 
 ing law and becoming a notary; elected in 1846 
 to the legi-slature of Louisiana; appointed the 
 same year register of the United States land office 
 for the southeastern district of Louisiana by 
 President Polk; elected a second time to the leg- 
 islature; after two years' service elected to the 
 Thirty-second C'ongress from the First district of 
 Louisiana; at the end of his term he embarked 
 
 in mercantile pursuits, and soon thereafter was 
 appointed register of voters for the city of New 
 Orleans; in 1866 nominated by the Democratic 
 party and elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress; 
 his seat in the House of Representatives, however, 
 was denied him, as it was held that Louisiana was 
 not a State in the Union; elected to the Forty-first 
 Congress in 1868, but tlie election was contested 
 and sent back to the jieople; delegate to the na- 
 tional Democratic conventions that nominated 
 Pierce, Seymour, Tilden, and Hancock; Presi- 
 dential elector on the Tilden ticket; for several 
 years occupied a position in the municipal govern- 
 ment of New Orleans; elected to the Forty-ninth 
 Congress as a Democrat; died at New Orleans, 
 February 9, 1893. 
 
 Sabin, Alvah, was born at CJeorgia, Vt., Octo- 
 ber 23, 1793; received a classical education; stud- 
 ied theology; served ten years as a member of the 
 State house of representatives; secretary of the 
 State of Vermont in 1841; elected a Representa- 
 tive fronr Vermont to the Thirty-third and 'Thirty- 
 fourth Congresses as a "Whig. 
 
 Sabin, Dwig-ht May, was born April 25, 1844, 
 at Mai-seilles, Lasalle County, 111.; reared on a 
 farm, attending the country school during the win- 
 ter, also studied the higher branches of mathe- 
 matics and civil engineering; engaged in lumbering 
 and the general manufacture of railroad cars and 
 agricultural machinery; served three sessions in 
 the popular branch of the legislature and two terms 
 in the State senate of Minnesota previous to his 
 election to the United States Senate; member of 
 the national Republican committee for Minne- 
 sota, and delegate to the national Repidjlican con- 
 ventions of 1872, 1876, and 1880, respectively; 
 elected chairman of the Republican national coiii- 
 mittee December 12, 1883; elected to the LTnited 
 States Senate as a Republican, to succeed William 
 Windom, Republican, and took his seat ^larch 3, 
 1883, serving until March 3, 1889; died December 
 23, 1902, at Chicago, 111. 
 
 Sabine, Iiorenzo, was born at Lisbon, N. H., 
 February 28, 1803; received a liberal education; 
 merchant at Eastport, Me.; served three years as 
 a member of the Maine State house of representa- 
 tives; moved to ^Massachusetts; held several local 
 offices; elected a Representative from INIassachu- 
 setts to the Thirty-second Congress (vice Benjamin 
 Thomas, deceased) as a Whig, serving from De- 
 cember 28, 1852, to IMarch 3, 1853; resided at Bos- 
 ton, where he dieil April 14, 1877. 
 
 Sackett, "William A., was born at Aurelius, 
 N. Y., November 18, 1812; resided at Seneca Falls; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Thirtv-iirst and Thirtv-second Congresses as a 
 Whig; died in 1895. 
 
 Sadler, Thomas "William, of Prattville, Ala., 
 was born near Russellville, Franklin County, Ala., 
 April 17, 1831; moved with his parents to Jeffer- 
 son County, Ala., in 18.33; received an academic 
 education; moved to Autauga County, Ala., in 
 1855; engaged in mercantile jiursuits until the be- 
 ginning of the late war lietween the States; volun- 
 teered and served in the division of the Confeder- 
 ate army commanded by Oen. Josejih Wheeler; 
 engaged in agricultural pursuits and tlie practice 
 of law since 1865; county superintendent of educa- 
 tion from 1875 to 1884;' Hancock elector in 1880; 
 elected to the Forty-ninth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Sag'e, Ebenezer, was born in Connecticut; re- 
 ceived a classical education, graduating from "i'ale 
 
782 
 
 CONGKESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 ColK'trf ill l""S: innvoil to New York, and settled 
 Bt Su'.: Harlior; elected a Uepreseiitative friiiii New 
 York ti) the Kleveiith, Twelfth, and Thirteentli 
 Congn-s-eM as a Denioerat, serving from Mav 2L', 
 1H(W, to March 2, l«lo; claimed to have l)een 
 elected to the Sixteenth Consires.", ami took his 
 seat, l)iit the House jiave it to James (iiivon, jr., 
 so that he only .serveil from Decenilier (i, ISUI, to 
 .Taiinarv 14, 1S20; diet! at Sag llarlmr, N. Y., 
 January I'O, \Xi4. 
 
 3, Russell, was born in Oneida County, 
 X. Y., .Vn^'Mst 4, ISIti; received a piililic school 
 e<lncation: cn^rajied in inercaiitiU' pursuits at 'I'rov. 
 N. Y.; an alderman of that city 1.S41-1S4S; lor 
 .some years treasurerof Hensselaer County; elected 
 a Hepresentative from New York to the Thirty- 
 third and Thirty-fourth C'oiifires.-'es as a Whifi, 
 servins; from Oecemher .'), l.s."i:i, to March .'{, I.S.'ST; 
 moved to New York City; enfrajied in the hank- 
 inir liusine.ss and l)ecame very wealthy. 
 
 Sailly, Peter, was horn at Ijirraine, France; 
 emi^irated to the I'nited States in IT.'^iS.aud located 
 at riatlshnr).', N. Y., where he enframed in hu.si- 
 ne.ss; elected a Kepre.sentative from New York to 
 the Ninth Coniiress as a l>emocrat, serviii'r from 
 Decendier 2, \X0'>, to .March 'A, 1807; appointed 
 by President Jefferson collector of customs at 
 I'lattshurj; in 1807, and held the oftice until he 
 died there May 2, 1S26. 
 
 Salmon, Joshua S., wa.«horn near Mount Olive, 
 MorrisCounty, N.J., Kel iruary 2, liS4t);atteiidcdtlie 
 .seminaries at Charlolteville, N. Y., and Schooleys 
 Mountain, X. J.; also took a course at the .Vlhany 
 Law School, andfrrailuated therefrom iu 1S7.'!; upon 
 trraduation admitted liy the supreme I'ourt of New 
 York as an attorney and counselor at law of that 
 State; after spending a time in theollice of Charles 
 E. Scofield. of Jersey City, returned to his native 
 county and settled at P>ooiilon; admitted as an 
 attorney in New .lersey in 1.S7."), and afterwards as 
 a counselor, and on Decemher 21, IWM, admitted 
 a.s an attorney and counselor of the Supreme 
 Court of the I'nited States; prosecutor of the 
 pleas for Morris County from .ViJril, l,s!l.{, to.\pril, 
 1898; elected to the "State legislature in 1877; 
 Democratic carulidate for .State .senator in 18,s;i; 
 one oi the orjianizers of the Boonton National 
 Bank in 1890, and a liirci'tor of the hank; elected 
 to the Fifty-si.xth and Kilty-seventli Con^re.«ses a.s 
 a Democrat; died at Boonton, N. J., May (5, 1902. 
 
 Saltonstall, Leverett, wa.s liorn at Haverhill. 
 Ma.-^s., .lune IS. 178:!; received a classical education, 
 graduatinj; from llarvaid Collef:e in 1.S02; studied 
 law; admitted to the bar, and commenced prac- 
 tice at Salem in ISO.'); defeated a.-^ the Whig candi- 
 date from the Ks.-^ex South district in 1820; a mem- 
 ber of the State .senate in 18:!1; mayor of .Salem 
 18.3(3-18:58; a Presidential elector on the Webster 
 ticket in 18:57; elected a I{ei>resentative from .Mas- 
 sachusetts to the Twentv-lifth Congress I in place 
 of .Stephen C. Phillips, resigned I as a Whig; reelec'ted 
 to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Con- 
 gresses, serving from l)ecendier .'), 1.8;5s, to March 
 :5, 184.'?; an active niemher of the Ma.s.^achusett.s 
 Historical Society, the .Vmerican .\ca<lemy of Arts 
 and Sciences, and other literary and historical 
 a.s.soeiations; jiublished an historical sketch of 
 Haverhill; died at .Saleiii, Ma.ss., May 8. 184.i. 
 
 Samford, William J., wa-s born at (ireenville, 
 Meriwether (ounty, (ia., iS'iiteinlier l(i, 1844; 
 
 moved in early chiidh I to ChamlMTs County. 
 
 Ala.; received a limited e<lucation, having left the 
 University of ticorgiaat 17 years of age to enter the 
 
 Confederate army; enlisted as a private in the 
 Forty-sixth .\labama Kegiment, made lirst lieu- 
 tenant, and commanded a company at the sur- 
 render; alternate Presidential elector for the Third 
 .\lahania district in 1872; commenced the practice 
 of law in 1871; delegate from the Thirteenth .sena- 
 torial district to the constitutional convention of 
 187.">; a memberof Iheelectoral college of .Mabama 
 in 18711, and vote<l for Tildeii and Hendricks; 
 elected tothe Forty-sixth Congre.-s as a Democrat; 
 elected a representative from Ix-e County, .Via., to 
 the general a.ssembly in 1882; elected .State senator 
 from the twenty-seventh .senatorial district of .\la- 
 l)ama in 1884; elected i>resideiit of the .Mabama 
 Stale senate in 1886; reelected to the State senate 
 in 1892; noininated lor governor of .Mabama by 
 the Democratic Stale convention in 1900; died in 
 1901. 
 
 Samxuons, Thomas, was born in Montgomery 
 County, N. Y. ; received a public school education; 
 .served i'.s an otlicer in the Kevolutionary war; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Eighth and Xinth Congresses as a Demoi'rat; 
 defeated a.s the fteinocratic candidate for the Tenth 
 Congress; elected to the Eleventh ami Twelfth 
 Congresses; died at Johnstown, X. Y. 
 
 Sample, Samuel C, was born in Maryland; 
 moved to Tmliana, and settled at South [Send; 
 elected a Representative from In<liana to the 
 Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Sampson, Ezekiel S. , was Ixirn in Huron 
 County, Ohio, Deceml)er ti, 18:51; received his 
 early education in [lublic schools, later in a private 
 school at Mount Plea-'ant, Iowa, and at Knox Col- 
 lege, Illinois; studied law; adujitted tothe bai and 
 commenced practice at .sigourney, lowa, in IS.'iii; 
 prosecuting attorney in 18.5()-18.>S: entered the 
 Cnioii .\rmy as captain in the Fifth Iowa Infantry 
 in 1.8(51, and lientenant-colonel in the same regi- 
 ment when mustered out in 1864; mend>er of the 
 State senate of Iowa in 18(56; judge of the sixth dis- 
 trict of Iowa from January, 1867, until January, 
 187.T; elected a Representative from Iowa to the 
 Forty-fourth and Forty-liftli Congresses as a Re- 
 imblican. 
 
 Sampson, Zabdiel, was born at Plympton, 
 
 Ma.ss.; received a cla.ssical education, irraduating 
 from Hrown University in 180:5: stmlied law; ad- 
 mitted to the bar, and commenced practice at 
 Plympton; elected a Hepresentative from .Ma.ssa- 
 chusetts to the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat; 
 reelected to the Sixteenth Congress, serving from 
 Decend>er 1, 1817, to -May l.=i. 1820. when he re- 
 signed, having been appointe<l collector of customs 
 at Plymouth, .Ma.«s.; remained in that ollice until 
 he.liVd.at Plymouth, MiLss.. July 19, 1828. 
 
 Samuels, Green B., was born in Shenandoah 
 County, Va., in 1806; received a cla.-<sieul e<lnca- 
 ti<m; studied law and became a sucie.ssfnl j>racti- 
 tioiier; elected a Representative from Virginia to 
 the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat: iesume<l 
 practice; elected a jmlge of the circuit court in 
 1,8.=)0, and of the court of ap|)eals; died at Rich- 
 mond, Va., January n, 1,8,59. 
 
 Sandidge, John M., was born in Franklin 
 County, Cia.. January 7, 1817; moved to Ixiuisiana 
 and became a planter; State representative 184(5- 
 1S5.">, and two years as speaker; delegate to the 
 State constitutional convention in 18.i2; electe<i a 
 Renresentativefrom Umisiana to the Thirty-fourth 
 ami Thirty-liflh Coiiures-^^s as a Democrat. 
 
 Sanders. Wilbur F. , of Helena, Mont., was 
 born at Ia'oii, Cattarau'.'tis County, X. Y.. May 2. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 783 
 
 1834; educated iu the common and liigh schools 
 of his native State; taught school in >>'e\v York; 
 moved to Ohio in 1854, where he continued in 
 that work; studied law at Akron, Ohio, and a<l- 
 mitteil to the bar in liSnii; recruited a company of 
 infantry and a battery in the summer of 18(il, and 
 in October following; was commissioned a tirst 
 lieutenant in the Sixty-fourth Ohio, of which regi- 
 ment he was made" adjutant; acting assistant 
 adjutant-general on the staff of Gen. James W. 
 Forsyth; assisted in 1862 in the construction of 
 defenses along the railroads south of Xashville; ill 
 health compelled his resignation, and he located 
 inldaho (now Montana), where heengagedin the 
 practice of law and became interested in mining and 
 stock raising; Republican candidate for Delegate I 
 to Congress in 18li4, 18ti", 1880, and 1886; delegate 
 to the Republican national conventions in 1868, 
 1872, 1876, and 1884; a member of the legislative 
 assembly of Montana from 1872 till 1880, inclusive; 
 appointed United States attorney for Montana by 
 President Grant in 1872, but declined the otfice; 
 elected to the United States Senate, as a Reiiul- 
 lican, Januarv 1, 1890, and took his seat April Hi, 
 1890, serving" until March 3, 1893. 
 
 Sandford, Thomas, was born in Westmoreland 
 County, Va., in 1762; received a classical educa- 
 tion; nioved to Kentucky in 1792; delegate to the 
 State constitutional conventiim in 1799; member 
 of the State house of representatives; elected a 
 Representative from Kentucky to the Eighth and 
 Xinth Congresses; died December 10, 1808. 
 
 Sands, Joshua, was born in Queens County' 
 Jv'. Y., in 1758; received a limited education; State 
 senator 1792-1799; collector of customs at the port 
 of New Y^ork in 1797; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Eighth and Nineteenth Con- 
 gresses; died September 13, 1835. 
 
 Sanford, James T., was a native of Virginia; 
 attended the common schools; moved to Columbia, 
 Tenn.; elected a Representative from Tennessee 
 to the Eighteenth Congress. 
 
 Sanford, John, of Amsterdam, N. Y., was born 
 at Amstenlam, Mimtgomery County, N. Y'., Jan- 
 nary 18, 1851; graduated from Yale College in 
 1872; elected to the Fifty-tirst and Fifty-second 
 Congresses as a Republican; after his retirement 
 from Congress engaged in the manufacture of car- 
 pets at Amsterdam, N. Y. 
 
 Sanford, John, was a native of New York; 
 elected a Representative from New Y'ork to the 
 Twenty-seventh Congress as a Democrat; mem- 
 ber of the State senate in 1851 ; died at Amsterdam, 
 N. Y., October 7, 1857. 
 
 Sanford, Jonah, was a native of New York; 
 member of the State house of representatives 1827- 
 1830; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Twenty-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat 
 
 Sanford, Nathan, wa.s born at Bridgehampton, 
 Long Island, November 5, 1777; received a liberal 
 education; studied law and began practice in New 
 Y'ork City; United States commissioner in bank- 
 ruptcy in 1802; United States attoi'ney for the dis- 
 trict of New York 1803-1816; member of the State 
 house of representatives in 1815 and its speaker; 
 State senator 1812-1815; elected a United States 
 Senator from New York as a Democrat 18b")-1821; 
 delegate to the State constitutional convention in 
 1821; chancellor of New Y^jrk from August 1, 1823, 
 until January, 1826, when he resigned; again 
 elected United States Senator from New York i 
 1826-1831 ; died at Flushing, N. Y. , October 17, 1838 
 
 Sanford, Stephen, was liorn in Montgomery 
 County, N. Y'., May 26, 1826; received a classical 
 education; carpet manufacturer; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New York to the Forty-first Con- 
 gress as a Republican. 
 
 Sapp, William Fletcher, was born at Dan- 
 ville, Ohio, Novemlier 20, 1824; received a public 
 school and academic education; studied law at 
 Mount Vernon, Ohio; admitted to the bar in 
 June, 1850, and practiced at Mount Vernon; 
 electeil prosecuting attorney in 1854. and re- 
 elected in 1856; moved in 1S60 to Omaha, Nebr., 
 appointed in 1861 adjutant-general of Nebraska 
 Territory, and subsequently elected a member of 
 the territorial legislative council; entered the 
 Union Army in 1862 as lieutenant-colonel of the 
 Second Neljraska Cavalry, and served until he 
 was mustei-ed out; moved to Council Bluffs, Iowa, 
 where he j)racticed law; member of the State 
 house of representatives in 1865; appjointed by 
 President Grant United States district attorney 
 for the district of Iowa in 1869, serving nntil 1873; 
 elected to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Con- 
 gresses as a Kepul:>lican; died November 22, 1890. 
 
 Sapp, William R. , was a native (jf Ohio; 
 received a common school education; electei.1 a 
 Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-third and 
 Thirty-fciurth Congresses as a Whig. 
 
 Sargent, Aaron A. , was born in Newbury port, 
 Mass., September 28, l,s27; printer; moved to Cal- 
 ifornia in 1849; studied law, and in 1854 admitted to 
 the bar; district attorney for Nevada County, Cal., 
 1855-56; elected a Representative from California 
 to the Thirty-seventh Congress; elected to the 
 Forty-first and Forty- second Congresses; elected 
 a United States Senator as a Republican (vice 
 C. Cole, Republican), serving from March 4, 1873, 
 to March 3, 1879; appointed United States min- 
 ister to German}- in 1882 by President Garfield, and 
 held the otfice till the action of the German 
 authorities in excluding .\merican pork from the 
 Empire made his incumbency personally distaste- 
 ful, ami resigned; declined the mission to Russia; 
 returned hcime and died at San Francisco, Cal., 
 August 1 4, 1887. 
 
 Sauerheringr, Edward, of Maj'ville, Wis., was 
 born at JNIayville, Wis., June 24, 1864; educated 
 in the !Mayville puVjIic schools and high school; 
 graduated from the Chicago College of Pharmacy 
 in 1885; elected to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty- 
 fifth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Saulsbury, Eli, was born in KentCounty, Del., 
 December 29, 1817; attended common and .select 
 schools and an irregular course at Dickinson Col- 
 lege; studied and practiced law; a member of the 
 State legislature of Delaware 1853-54; elected to 
 the United States Senate as a Democrat, to succeed 
 William Saulsbury, Democrat, and took his seat 
 March 4, 1871; reelected in 1876 and 1883, serving 
 until aiarch 3, 1889; died at Washington, D. C, 
 March 22, 1893. 
 
 Saulsbury, Willard, was born in Kent County, 
 Del., June 2, 1820; received a classical education; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar; appointed 
 attorney-general of Delaware in 1850; delegate to 
 the Democratic national convention in 1856; elected 
 a United States Senator from Delaware, serving 
 from 1859 to 1871; appointed chancellor of the 
 State in 1874, which office he occupied until his 
 death April 6, 1892. 
 
 Saunders, Alvin, was born in Fleming County, 
 Ky., July 12, 1817; received a common school and 
 
784 
 
 CONORKSSIONAL DIKKCToKV 
 
 academic eduaition; midvi-iI tn Mimiil I'lciwant, 
 Iowa ^tlit'ii a i)art of Wisiuiisin Trrritury), in 
 18H(i; jHWtiiiafli'r at that platv lur si-vi'H years, 
 (lurliit; wliiili tiriic In- stinlii'il law, Imt lu-vi-r 
 i'nti'iv<l U|iuii JtM piaclicf, |iri'l'frriii;; to eiijiani' in 
 iiu'icaiilik' ami baiikiii); |)Ui'siiits; incmln'r of the 
 (■■iiiNlilutioiial niiivciitioii uikUm «hii'li Iowa was 
 ailmitliil into tlu> I'liinii as a ."^tatf; iiii'iiiluT of 
 tlu' Stalo sfiiatc for (•i;;lit yuarf!; iiumiiIht of tlie 
 lirst l\(']iiililiiati (■oiiveiitioii i-vi-r lii'lil in Iowa; 
 ilflcnati- to till' Kepnlilican national conviMition 
 at ('lii(aj:o wliiiOi noniinatt-il l^incoln and Ham- 
 lin in IStiO; one of the coiiiiiiissioni'rs appointed 
 by Con^rress to or;ranize the I'acirn- Kailroail C'oni- 
 jiany: appointi'<l );overiior of the TiTritoiy of Xe- 
 i>raska by I'rcsident J.ini-oln in ISlil and held 
 the ollii'e until the State was admitted into the 
 I'nion in IfSti?; delefiate totlu- Itepnbliian national 
 eonventil^t^ at t'liii-a^o in iMiS whi<h nominated 
 (■■rant and Colfax; eleeted to the I "ni ted States Sen- 
 ate as a Kepubliean, to sueeeed I'hineas \V. llitili- 
 coek, Kepubliean, and took his seat March .">, 1877, 
 serving mitil March .'!, ISS:!; died Xovend)er 1, 
 ISiHt. 
 
 Saunders, Romulus Mitchell, was l>orn in 
 Caswell County, N. C., March :{, 17111; receive<l a 
 classical education; stmlied law, and in 1812 be- 
 •;an iiractiee; mendierof the house of commons of 
 North Carolina 181'), 1817, and 1819, servinj;two 
 years as sjieaker; elected a Kepresentative to the 
 Seventeenth, iMKhteenth, ami Nineteenth Con- 
 jrresses; declined a reelection; attorney -j^eneral of 
 the State in 18L'8; elected judfje of the sujierior 
 court in 18.'?5, and resigned in 1840 on acceptin-r 
 the nomination on the Democratic ticket for gov- 
 ernor, but was defeated; elected to the Twenty- 
 seventh and Twenty-eighth Congresses; minister 
 to Spain 184ti-1849; again electi'd a mendier of 
 the State house of representatives; dieil at Ualeisrh, 
 N. C, April 21, 18t)7. 
 
 Savage, John, was born in New York in 177!»; 
 riM'eived a connnon school education; served in 
 the State house of re|>resentatives in 1814; elected 
 a Kepresentative from New York to the Four- 
 teenth and Fifteenth Congresses as a Democrat; 
 I'inted States district attorney; State comptroller 
 182I-182.S; chief justiceof the State supreme court 
 182S-1827; Cnited States assistant treasurer at 
 New York Citv; Presidential elector on the I'olk 
 an.l Dallas ticket in 1845; died at Ctiea, N. Y.. 
 October 1!", ISti.J. 
 
 Savage. John H., was l)orn at McMinnville 
 Teim., Oitober !», 1815; education was limited; 
 serveil as a private in the Seminole war; studied 
 law, and began [iracticeat Smithville.Teim.; major 
 of the Fourleenlh l"nited States Infantry in the 
 .Mexican war, and pri>moted to lieuti'Uant-colonel; 
 elected a Kepresi'ntative from Tennessee to the 
 Thirtv-lirst and Thirty-second Congresses; cU- 
 clineil a reelection; elected to the Thirty-fourth 
 and Thirty-lifth Congresses. 
 
 Savage, John Simpson, was born in Clermont 
 County, Ohio, ( )<tobcr :i0, 1841; studied law, and 
 began practice at Wilmington in 18115; elected a 
 Kepresentative from ( )hio to the Forty-fourth Con- 
 gress as a Ke|iublican; defeateil for reelection. 
 
 Sawtelle, Cullen, wsis born at Norridgewock. 
 Me.; graduated from Howdoin College in 1825; 
 stuilied law, and in 1829 lx>gan practicing at Nor- 
 ridgewock; register of probate 18:?0-18;^S; State 
 "senator 1843-44; electol a Kepresentative from 
 Maine to the Twenty-ninth Congress as a Dem- 
 ocrat; electeil to the Thirty-tirst Congress. 
 
 Sawyer, Frederick Adolphus, was born at 
 Uolton, Ma.-'s., December 12, Ix^'SJ; graduated from 
 Harvard College in 1844; taught .school for several 
 yeai-s in Maine, New Hampshire, and .Mas,sachu- 
 sett.s, and in 18.5U took charge of the normal 
 p<hool in Charleston, .^. C.; given a pa.^s for him- 
 self and faiidly through the lines and allowed to 
 return to the North in 181)4; returniil to Charles- 
 ton and was active in advancing reconstruition 
 measures in 18()5; appointed collector of internal 
 revenue in the si-cond .South Carolina district in 
 May, 18t)5; eleeted a Cnited States Senator from 
 South Candina 181)8-1873; ap|)ointed .Assistant 
 Secretary of the Trea.sury 187.3-187t); died in 
 Sewanee, Term.. .Inly .{1, 1891. 
 
 Sawyer, John Gilbert, was born at Brandon, 
 Vt., .June 5, 1825; educated in the connnon schools 
 ancl at Millville Academy; studied law; a<hnitte<l 
 to the barand practiced; justice of the peace from 
 .lanuary 1, 185^', to April, 1858; district attorney of 
 Orleans County from .lanuary 1. 18():{, to .lanuary 
 1, ISiiti; judge and surrogate of Orleans County 
 from .lanuary 1, 18t)8, to January 1, 1884; electeil 
 to the Forty-ninth Congress as a Kepubliean and 
 reelected to the F'iftieth and Fifty-tirst Congresses; 
 resumed the practice of law at Albion, N. Y., and 
 died there Se|iteniber 5, 1898. 
 
 Sawyer, Lemuel, was liorn in Camden County 
 N. C., in 1777; received a limited eilucation; 
 studied law and Ijegan practice at I'.lizabeth, N. C. ; 
 mendier of the State house of representatives in 
 18IH)and 1,81)1 ; Presidential electoron the Jefferson 
 ticket in 18114; elected a Kepresentative from North 
 Carolina to the Tenth Congress as a Democrat; 
 reelected to the Eleventh and Twelfth ('ongres.«es; 
 elected to the F'ifteenth, Sixteenth, and .Seven- 
 teenth ('ongre.''ses; defeated for reelection; elected 
 to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses; de- 
 feated for reelection to the Twenty-first Congress; 
 died at Washington, D. C, January 9, 1852. 
 
 Sawyer, Philetus, was born at Wiiiting, Vt., 
 .September 22, 181(i: moved with his family to New 
 York in the following year; received a common 
 school education; went to Wisconsin in 1.847 and 
 engaged in the IuuiImm- business; memlH>r of the 
 legislature of Wisconsin in 1857 and 18111 ; mayorof 
 Oslikosh in 18(;.Sand 18(14; delegate to the national 
 Republican convention at Baltimore in 18(i4, at 
 Cincinnati in 187(1, and at Chicago in 1S80; Re|i- 
 resentative to the Thirty-ninth, I'ortieth, I'orty- 
 tirst. Forty-second, and Forty-third Congresses; 
 elected to the I'nited States .Senate as a Kepubli- 
 ean, to succeed .\ngus Cameron, Kepubliean, and 
 took his seat March 4, 1.881; reelected in 1887. 
 serving until March 3, 1893; died at his home in 
 Oshkosh, Wis.. March 29, 1900. 
 
 Sawyer, Samuel L. , was born at Mount Ver- 
 non, N. H.. November 27, 1813; graduated from 
 Dartmouth College in 1.8:{3; ailmilted to the bar 
 at .\mherst, N. 11., in 1.83H; settled at Lexington, 
 Mo., in 1838; elected circuit attorney of the sixth 
 judicial cinuit of Mis.souri in 1.848, and reelected 
 in 18.52; elected a delegate to the .Missouri con- 
 .stitutional convention in l.Slll ; clclegate to the 
 national I>emocratic convention in 1.8(18; elected 
 judge of the twenty-fourth judicial circuit in 1871 
 and reelecteil in 1874; elected to the Forty-sixth 
 Congress as an Independent Democrat; dieil .\pril 
 1, 1890. 
 
 Sawyer, Samuel T., was born in Chowan 
 County, N. C, in 1800; studiiil law and liegan 
 practice at Edenton; State reiiiv.H'iitative I82!i- 
 1832; elected a Representative from North Caro- 
 
BIOGKAPHIES. 
 
 785 
 
 lina to the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Democrat; 
 defeated for reelection; moved to Norfolk, Va., 
 and engaged in newspaper work; died November 
 29, 18t',a. " 
 
 Sawyer, William, was a native of St. Marys, 
 Ohio; elei-ted a Representative from Ohio to the 
 Tw-enty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses. 
 
 Say, Benjamin, was liorn in Philadelphia, Pa., 
 in 17.itj; elected a Representative from that State 
 to the Tenth Congress, vice Joseph Clay, resigned; 
 reelected to the Eleventh Congress, and resigned 
 in 1809; died at Philadelphia, Pi}., April 23, 1813. 
 
 Sayers, Joseph D., of Bastrop, Tex., was born 
 at Grenada, Miss., September 23, 1841; moved 
 with his fatherto Bastrop, Tex., in 1851; educated 
 at the Bastrop ;\Iilitar)' Institute; entered the Con- 
 federate army in 1861 and served cimtinuously 
 until April, l.s6o, when the war terminated; taught 
 school, and at the saine time studied law at Bas- 
 trop, Tex. ; admitted to the bar in 1866 and became 
 a partner of Hon. George W. Jones; served as a 
 member of the State senate in the session of 1873; 
 chairman of the Democratic State executive com- 
 mittee during the years 1875-1878; lieutenant- 
 governor of Texas in 1879 and 1880; elected to the 
 Forty-ninth Congre.ss as a Democrat; reelected to 
 the Fiftieth, Fifty-first, Fifty-second, Fifty-third, 
 Fifty-fourth, and Fifty-fifth Congresses; resigned 
 January 16, 1899, to become governor of Texas. 
 
 Sayler, Henry B., was l)0rn in Montgomerv 
 County, Ohio, March 31, 1836; moved to Clinton 
 County, Ind., where he received a common school 
 education: studied law and admitted to the bar; 
 served in the Union Army as lieutenant, captain, 
 and major: elected a Re]iresentative from Indiana 
 to the Forty-third Congress as a Republican; died 
 at Huntington, Ind., June 18, 1900. 
 
 Sayler, Milton, was born at Lewisburg, Preble 
 County. I ihio, November 4, 1831; received a 
 classical education; studied law and practiced; 
 member of the Ohio State legislature 1862-63; 
 member of the city council of Cincinnati in 1864- 
 65; elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
 Forty-third. Fort\--fourth, and Forty-fifth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Scales, Alfred Moore, was born in Rocking- 
 ham County, N. C., November 26, 1827; not a 
 graduate, Viut received a classical education at the 
 Caldwell Institute in Greensboro, and at the Uni- 
 versity of North Carolina; studied law: admitted 
 to the bar in 1851; elected county attorney of 
 Rockingham County; member of the legislature 
 of North Carolina in 18.52-53 and in 18.56-57; Pres- 
 idential elector (for the State at large) on the 
 Breckinridge and Lane ticket in 1860; member of 
 the House of Representatives in the Thirtv-fifth 
 Congress of the United States; volunteered at the 
 beginning of the late civil war as a private in 
 the Confederate army, afterwards promoted and 
 served as captain, colonel, and brigadier-general; 
 elected tn the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty- 
 sixth, Forty-seventh," and Forty-eighth Congresses 
 as a Democrat; resigned Deceniber30, 1884, to be- 
 come governor of North Carolina; governor of 
 North Carolina 1884-1888; died February 9, 1892. 
 
 Scammon, John F., was born at Saco, Mass. 
 (now Maine), October 24, 17S6; attended the 
 public schools; merchant; member of the State 
 house of representatives 1817, 1820, and 1821; col- 
 lector of customs at Saco 1829-1841; elected a 
 Representative from Maine to the Twenty-ninth 
 
 H. Doc. 458 oU 
 
 Congress as a Democrat; mendier of the State 
 senate in 18.55; died at Saco, Me., May 23, 1858. 
 
 Scarborough, Robert Bethea, of Conway, S.C., 
 was born at Chesterfield, S. C. , October29, 1861 ; had 
 only an academic education; admitted to the bar 
 May 27, 1884, and immediately thereafter located 
 at Conway, at which ])lace he actively engaged in 
 the practice of law; first public service was in 1896, 
 when he was elected State senator from Horry 
 County; was elected president jiro tempore of the 
 senate in 1898; on the death of Governor Williaiu 
 Ellerbeinl899,Hon. M.B. McSweeney, lieutenant- 
 governor, became governor of the State, and Mr. 
 Scarborough, by virtfte of liis office, became presi- 
 dent of the senate and lieutenant-governor, which 
 place hefilled until hiselection toCongre.ss; elected 
 to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congresses 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Schell, Richard, was liorn at Rhinebeck, N. Y., 
 in May, 1810; received a liberal education; mer- 
 chant; moved to New York in 1830 and became a 
 wholesale dry goods merchant; mendjer of the 
 State senate in 1857 ; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Forty-third Congress (vice D. B. 
 Mellish, deceased) as a Democrat. 
 
 Schenck, Abraham H., was born in Dutchess 
 County, N. Y., in 1777; received a classical educa- 
 tion; State representative 1804-1806; elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Fourteenth 
 Congress as a Democrat; engaged in manufactur- 
 ing; died February 20, 1831.^ 
 
 Schenck, Ferdinand S., was born in Middle- 
 sex County, N. J., February 11, 1790; received a 
 liberal education; studied medicineand practiced; 
 member of the State house of representatives 1829- 
 1831; elected a Representative from New Jersey to 
 the Twenty-third Congress as a Jackson Democrat 
 on a general ticket; reelected to the Twenty-fourth 
 Congress; member of the State constitutional con- 
 vention in 1844; died at Camden, N. J., May 17, 
 1860. 
 
 Schenck, Robert C, was liorn at Franklin, 
 Ohio, (;)ctober 4, 1809; graduated from Miami 
 University in 1827, and was a tutor for tliree 
 years; studied law and practiced at Dayton, Ohio; 
 member of the Ohio legislature in 1841^2; elected 
 a Representative from (_)hio to the Twenty-eighth 
 Congress as a Whig; reelected to the Twenty- 
 ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-first Congresses; ap- 
 pointed minister to Brazil, and also accredited to 
 Uruguay, Argentine Confederation, and Paraguay; 
 entered the Union Army in 1861 as brigadier- 
 general; promoted to n'lajor-general; elected a 
 Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-eighth, 
 Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, and Forty-first Congresses 
 as a Republican; ndnister to Great Britain 1870- 
 1876, when he resigned; died at Washington, 
 D. C, March 23, 1890. 
 
 Schermerhorn, Abraham M. , was a native of 
 Rochester, N. Y.; received a liberal education; 
 held several local offices; member of the State 
 house of representatives in 1848; elected a Rejire- 
 sentative from New York to the Thirty-first and 
 Thirty-second Congresses as a Whig; died at 
 Rochester, N. Y., August 22, 1855. 
 
 Schermerhorn, Simon J., of Schenectady, 
 N. Y., was born at Rottertlam, Schenectady Coun- 
 ty, N. Y., September 26, 1827; received his edu- 
 cation principally in the schools of his native 
 town; extensively engaged in 'arming; supervisor 
 of his town at different times; elected without 
 
i86 
 
 CONGKESSIDNAI, DIKKCTdKY. 
 
 opposition t<> tlio Stale lojjrisUituiv from 8chenec- 
 tailv ("oiinty in IWil'; intfiv.«ti'il in hanking, lioinn 
 a ilircilorancl tnistoo i if local banks; on llie Cli'W- 
 lanil I'lcctoral tickt-t in 1H88; elected to the I'ifty- 
 thinl (^ mtrress as a Democrat. 
 
 Schirm, Charles Kegfinald, of Haltiniore. Md., 
 was lii.rn in tliat city An^'ust 12, 1SU4; receive<l 
 hif- iireliniiilaiy eilucation in the public scliools of 
 his native city: in ISSO, at the ajie of ]»>, be^ran a 
 four years' apprenticeship at iron molilinf;: from 
 l,s,S4 to ISSS |iursueil a course of stmly at Wash- 
 iufrlori and .lefferson ('ollej;e, Wasliin^'ton, I'a., 
 and for several yeai-s thereafter taught school in 
 Pennsylvania and Maryland; adniitteil to tlu' 
 Baltiniore County bar, on examination, March tl. 
 189<>; mendier ot" the house of delegates of .Mary- 
 land ISitS-liltlO; appointed counsel to the board of 
 police con\inissioners for Baltimore city March, 
 189!", which place he held initil May, liidO, when 
 the board became ])enioiratic; eU-cted to the Fifty- 
 seventh Conjiress as a Hepublican; defeated for 
 reelection to the Fifty-eiglith Congress. 
 
 Schleicher, Gustave, was born at Darmstadt. 
 Germany, November 19, ISl'S ; eilucated in the 
 University of (iiessen; became a civil etij.'ineer 
 anil employed in the construction of several Kuro- 
 pean railroads; enugrated to Te.\as in 1.S47, andin 
 1850 settled at San Antonio; mend)er of the .State 
 house of reprei-entative,-? in IS.^S and 18.54, and 
 gtate senator 1859-18t>l; elected a Representative 
 from Texa.s to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth 
 Congres.se.s a.s a Democrat; died at Washington, 
 D. C, January 11, 1879. 
 
 Schley, William, was horn at Frederick City, 
 jSId., December l."i, 178(1; received a liVieral educa- 
 tion; studied law, and in 1812 In^gan jiractice at 
 Augusta, (ia. ; mendierof the State house of rep- 
 resentatives in l.SoO; elected a Representative from 
 Georgia to the Twenty-third Cougre.-'s a.s a Demo- 
 crat; governor of (ieorgia 1.S8.5-1S37; died at Au- 
 gusta, Ga., Novemlier 20, 1858. 
 
 Schoolcraft, John li., was a native of Albany, 
 N. Y.; received a limited education; merchant; 
 elected a Representative froni New York to the 
 Thirtv-lii-st Congress a.s a Whig; reelected to the 
 Thirt'v-second Congress; died at St. Catherines, 
 Canada, May II, IStiO. 
 
 Schoonmaker, Cornelius C, was born at 
 Rochester, N. Y., in June, 174.t; received a limiteil 
 education; member of the StjUe liouse of repre- 
 sentatives 1777-1790; elected a liepre.«entative 
 from New York to the Second Congress; again a 
 niemljer of the State liouse of representatives in 
 1795; died at Shawangunk, N. Y., in 179(i. 
 
 Schoonmaker, Marius, was born at Kingston, 
 N. Y.. April 24, isll; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Thirtv-secoud Congress as 
 a Whig. 
 
 Schultz. Emanuel, of Davton, Ohio, was born 
 in IVrks Coniily, I'a., July 2.'V," 1819; moved in 18S8 
 to Miamisbnrg, Monlgonlery County, Ohio, where 
 he live<l an active business life; manufacturer; a 
 niemlK-r of the Stale con.slitutional convention in 
 1873; electwi in 1875 a niendn'r of the Slate legis- 
 lature and served two years: elected to the Forty- 
 seventh Congre.ss as a Republican. 
 
 Schumaker, John G., was born at Claverack, 
 N. Y., June 27, 1821); received a liberal education; 
 studied law, and began practice in 1847: moved to 
 Hrooklvn; district attorney for Kings County; cor- 
 poration iomi.M-1 for the c-ity of Rrooklyu in 181)2- 
 18tJ4; member of the State constitutional coiiven- 
 
 tioiiB of 18(12 and 1867; electefl a Representative 
 from New York to the Forty-first Congress as a 
 Democrat: elected a mendier of tlie Forty-third 
 Congress as a Denioiral and Liberal, ami reelected 
 to the Forty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Schuneman, Martin G., was a native of I'lster 
 County, .V. Y.; n-ceived a common s<-hool educa- 
 tion; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Ninth Congress. 
 
 Schureman, James, was born in New Jersey 
 iji 1757; graduated from Rutgers College in 1775; 
 served in the Revolutionary .\rmy; Delegate from 
 New Jersi'y to the Continental Congress 17.S(>-87; 
 elected a Kepresentative from New .lersey to the 
 First Congress as a Federalist; elected In ifie Fifth 
 Congres.s; elected a I'nited States Senator from 
 New Jersey (vice John Rutherfunl, resigned), 
 servingfrom December 3, 1799, to Feliruary (>, I.SOl, 
 when he resigned; mayor of New Brunswick; 
 elected a Representative from New Jersey to the 
 Thirtt'eiith Congress; died January 23, 1824, at 
 New I?runswick, N. J. 
 
 Schurz, Carl, was born at Liblar, tieiTnany, 
 March 2, 1S29: receive<l a cla,ssical education; emi- 
 grated to the I'nited States in 1852 and loi-ated in 
 New York; ilelegate to the Chicago convention of 
 18(>0; appointed minister to Sfiain in 18(il, but 
 soon afterwards resigned: a]>pointed brigadier- 
 general of volunteers in the Union .\rmy : engaged 
 in newsjiaper work after the war in Missouri: dele- 
 gate to the Chicago convention in 18(18; elected a 
 I'nited States Senator from Mi.-^souri as a Rei>ubli- 
 can (vice J. B. Henderson) 1,869-1875; Secretary 
 of the Interior 1877-1881; eilitiir of New York 
 I'A-ening I'ost 1881-1884; contributed to llar)>er's 
 Weekly 1892-1898; president of National Civil 
 Service Reform League 1892-1901; author. 
 
 Schuyler, Philip, was born at Albany, N. Y., 
 November 22, 173H; received a lilx'ral education; 
 served in the Revolutionary Army: Delegate from 
 New- York to the Continental Congress 177.5-1777; 
 appointed major-general in 1775, but Wcame in- 
 yolved in military disputes and resigned in 1779; 
 again a Delegate to the Continental Congress 1778- 
 1781; elected a United States .Senator from New- 
 York as a Federalist from March 4, 1789, to March 
 3, 1791; again elected a United States Senator, 
 serving from ^lay 15, 1797, to January 3, 1798, 
 when he resigned; died at Albany, N. Y., Novem- 
 l>er 18, 1804. 
 
 Schuyler. Philip J., was born in Iiutchess 
 County, N. Y., in 17()8; received a limited educa- 
 tion; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Fifteenth Congress; died at New York Fel)- 
 ruary 21, 1835. 
 
 Schwartz, John, was horn in Berks County, 
 Pa., October 27, 1793; attended the public schools; 
 served in the war of 1812 as a lieutenant; mer- 
 chant; became a farmer: elected a Representative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-sixth Congress 
 as an anti-lx'compton Democrat, serving from 
 Deiember 5, 18.59, to June 20, 1860, when he died, 
 at Reading, Pa. 
 
 Scofield, Glenni W., wa.a born in Chantau- 
 (lua Coimtv, N. Y., .March 11, 1817: gi-aduate<l 
 from Hamilton College in 1840; studied law-, and 
 iH'gan practice in Warren, Pa.; member of the 
 Pennsylvania Statea.ssend)ly 18-50-51. anil the Slate 
 senate 1857-18.59; elected a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Thirty-eighth Congiv.-<s as a 
 Repulilican; reelectt-d to the Thirtv-ninth. For- 
 tieth, Forty-tirst, Forty-second, and Forty-third 
 
BIOGKAPHIES. 
 
 787 
 
 Congresses; appointed Register of tlie Treasury 
 1878-18S1; appointed a judge of tVie Court of 
 Claims, wliich position he occupied until a few 
 weeks before his death, which occurred at War- 
 ren, Pa., August 30, 1891. 
 
 Scott, Charles Frederick, of lola, Kans., was 
 born on a farm in Allen County, Kans., Septem- 
 ber 7, 1860; educated in the cijmmon schools and 
 at tlie State University of Kansas, being graduated 
 from the latter institution in 1881 with the degree 
 of B. S., receiving his master's degree some years 
 later; went West, and spent the next year and a 
 half in Colorado, >;ew Mexico, and Arizona, en- 
 gaging chiefly in clerical work; in the latter part 
 of 1882 returned to lola, the county seat oi his 
 'native county, and bought a small interest in the 
 lola Register, a weekly newspaper; in the course 
 of live years he acquired entire control of the 
 paper; appointeil regent of the university in 1891 
 for a term of four years and has been twice reap- 
 pointed; elected as a Republican to the State sen- 
 ate of Kansas in 1892 and served for four years; 
 represented his Congressional district on the Re- 
 publican electoral ticket in 1896; elected to the 
 Fifty-seventh Congress aa Representative at large 
 from the State of Kansas, and reelected to the 
 Fifty-eighth Congress. 
 
 Scott, Charles L., was born at Richmond, 
 Va., January 23, 1827; graduated from William 
 and Mary College; studied law, and began practice 
 at Richinond, Va.; went to California in 1849; re- 
 sumed the pi-actice of law in 1851 at Sonora; 
 elected a Representative from California to the 
 Thirty-fiftli and Thirty-sixth Congresses as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Scott, Gustavus, was liorn in Prince William 
 Count}', A'a. ; farmer; a Delegate from Maryland 
 til the Continental Congress 1784-K.5; died at 
 Washington, D. C, in 1801. 
 
 Scott, Harvey D. , was a native (if Ohio; at- 
 tended the public schools; moved toTerre Haute, 
 Ind.; held several local offices; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Indiana to the Thirty-fourth Con- 
 gress as a Republican. 
 
 Scott, John, was born in Hanover Count}', Va., 
 in 1782; graduated from Princeton College in 1805; 
 studied law, and began practice at Ste. Genevieve, 
 Mo., in 1806: elected a Delegate from Missouri 
 Territory to the Fourteenth Congress, serving from 
 December 2, 1816, to January 13, 1817, when his 
 seat was declareil vacant; elected a Delegate to the 
 Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses, serving from 
 December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1821, Missouri be- 
 coming a State; electeil a Representative to the 
 Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and ISIineteenth Con- 
 gresses; died October 1, 1861. 
 
 Scott, John, was a native of Huntingdon County, 
 Pa.; farmer; elected a Re]ireseutative frum Penn- 
 sylvania til the Twenty-tirst Congress. 
 
 Scott, John, was born at Alexandria, Pa., July 
 14, 1824; attended the common schools; studied 
 law, and admitted to the bar in 1846 and ]iracticed 
 prosecuting attorney from 1846 to 1849; mend)er 
 of the State legislature in 1862; elected a United 
 States Senator from Pennsylvania as a Republican 
 (vice C. R. Buckalew, Democrat), serving from 
 March, 1869, to March 4, 1875; moved to Pittsburg 
 and became general solicitor of the Pennsylvania 
 Railroad Comj^anv; died at Pittsburg, Pa., INIarch 
 22, 1889. 
 
 Scott, John G. , was born at Philadelphia, Pa., 
 December 26, 1819; received a liljeral education; 
 
 moved to Missouri and engaged in mining; defeated 
 as the Democratic candiilate as a Representative 
 from Missouri to tlie Thirty-eighth Congre--s by 
 J. W. Xoell; Mr. Xoell dying', Mr. Scott was elected 
 a Representative from ^Missouri to the Thirty- 
 eighth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Scott, John Morin, was born in New York in 
 1730; received a liberal eilucation; was secretary 
 of state of Xew York 1778-79; a Delegate from 
 New York to the Continental Congress 1780-1783; 
 died in New York, Sept. 14, 1784. 
 
 Scott, Nathan Bay, of Wheeling, W. \'a., was 
 born December 18, 1842, in (.Tuernsey County, 
 Ohio; received a common school education; en- 
 listed in the Army in 1862 and was mustered out 
 in 1865; after the war engaged in the manufacturi- 
 of glass at Wheeling, W. Vu., where he resided; 
 president of the Central Class Works and presi- 
 dent of the Dollar Savings Bank of that cit}- ; elected 
 to the city council in 1880 and served two years as 
 president of the second branch; elected in 1882 to 
 serve four years in the State senate, and reelected 
 in 1886; selected as a member of the Repulilican 
 national committee in 1888, and a memlier of the 
 executive committee a greater portion of the time; 
 appointed Commissioner of Internal Revenue by 
 President McKinley, and entered that office Janu- 
 ary 1, 1898; elected to the United States Senate as 
 a Republican on January 25, 1899. 
 
 Scott, Owen, of Bloomington, 111., was bom in 
 Jack.son Township, Effingham County, 111., July 
 6, 1848; brought up on a farm and received a com- 
 mon school education; became a teacher in the 
 public schools; elected superintendent of schools 
 for Effingham County, and served in that capacity 
 eight years; admitted to the bar by the Illinois 
 supreme court, January 10, 1874, and practiced law 
 for ten years, leaving this to engage in newspaper 
 wiirk; published the Effingham Democrat, leaving 
 it to become proprietor and manager of the Bloom- 
 ington Dady and Weekly Bulletin; elected city 
 attorney and mayor of Efflngham, dejjuty col- 
 lector of internal revenue; elected to the Fifty- 
 second Congress as a Democrat; moved to Decatur, 
 111., where he eilited the Decatur Herald. 
 
 Scott, Thomas, wa.s a native of Pennsylvania; 
 attended the public schools; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Pennsylvania to the First and Third 
 Congresses. 
 
 Scott, William L., was born at the city of 
 Washington, D. C, July 2, 1828, his parents being 
 residents of Virginia; received a common school 
 education; settled in Erie, Pa., in 1848, and was 
 employed as a clerk in the shipping business; en- 
 gaged, in 18.50, in the coal and shipping liusiness, 
 owning and running several vessels on the lakes; 
 subsequently became largely interested in the 
 manufacture of iron and the mining of coal, as 
 well as in the construction and ojicrationof rail- 
 roads; district delegate to the national Deniocratiit 
 convention held in the city of New York in 
 1868, and a delegate at largr from the State of 
 Pennsylvania to the Democratic national conven- 
 tion held in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1880, and also 
 represented the State of Pennsylvania on the 
 Democratic national committee from 1876 to 1SS4; 
 elected mayor of the city of Erie in 1866, and 
 again in 1871, and was elected to the Forty-ninth 
 Congress as a Democrat, supported by Independ- 
 ent Republicans; reelected to the Fiftieth Congress; 
 died September 19, 1891. 
 
 Scoville, Jonathan, of New York, was born at 
 Salisbury, Litchheld Cnunty, Conn.: educated in 
 
78S 
 
 CnXCKKSSIoNAI, DlKKCToKV, 
 
 variiius I'lhicationul t'stalilislimciitM in Ma.s-^iului- 
 i^etls, iiii'luilinf; tlio wit-ntilic ilc])artiiu'Mt of llai- 
 vanl I'liiviTsitv; idiniiu'iici'il tmsiiR'ss in t'aiiaaii. 
 Ciiiin.,iii ls.i4,a!'aii in .11 iiiamilailiinianil iiiiiu'idf 
 iron oii'i nmvod U> Hnfl'ali) in ISiid, wlioiv liccstali- 
 lii^htMi a larpe car-wlieel lacturv; tlie piu-cee<lin(» 
 year t'stal)lishe<l 11 socoikI <inein Toronto, Canada; 
 elerlt'd to till vacanrvin the Forty-sixth Congress 
 in ])lace of K. V. I'ierce, resijrned: electe<l to the 
 Ki irt y-seventli I '1 ingres.". 
 
 Scranton, George W., was liorn at Madison, 
 Conn., -May 11, 1811; reeeived a lil)eral eihu-ation; 
 moved to Belvidere, N. J.: a clerk; engaged in 
 the inm manufacture, and in 1S4() hegan smelting 
 ore with anthracite coal at t^locmn, I'a. (now 
 Scrantoni; jiresident of two railroad companies; 
 elected a Hi'iirescntative from rcnnsylvania tothe 
 Thirtv-sixth and Thirtv-scventli Congresses as a 
 Whig; died at Scranton, Pa., March 24, 1861. 
 
 Scranton, Joseph A., of Scranton, Pa., wa.s 
 horn at !\I;idisoM, Conn., .Inly I'li, lS:iS; moved to 
 Pennsylvania m 1S47; received an acailemic edu- 
 cation; ciillector of internal revenue 18l>2-lS()l); 
 postma.ster at Scranton 1874-1S81; delegate to the 
 Kepulilican national convention at l'hiladel]iliia 
 in 1872; founded the Scranton Daily l\c|inlilican 
 in 18f)7; electeil to the Korty-seventh Congress as 
 a Kepuhlican, and reelected to the Forty-ninth, 
 Fifty-tirst, Fifty-third, and Fifty-fo\irth Congresses 
 as a Kepuhlican. 
 
 Scudder, Henry J., was horn at Northport, 
 N. v.. in Isl'.t; graduated from Trinity College, 
 Hartford, Conn., in l.s4ii; studied law and jirai'- 
 ticed in Xew Y(jrk; electecl a Representative from 
 New York to the Fortv-third Congress; died at 
 Xew York City February 12, 1886. 
 
 Scudder, Isaac W. , was born at Klizabeth, 
 N. .!.. in ISlS; received a liberal education; 
 studied law, and began practice at .Tei"sey City; 
 belli several local otlices; elected as a liepresenta- 
 tive friim .New Jersey to the P'orty-tliird Congress 
 as a Ke)iublican. 
 
 Scudder, John A., wa.s lioru in Xew .Tersey in 
 17(i7; received a liberal eilncation; stnilieit medi- 
 cine and practiced; held several local otlices and 
 elected a Kei>resentative from New Jersey to the 
 ICleventli Congress, vice James Cox, decea.sed; 
 moved to Indiana and died Xovember 6, 18S6. 
 
 Scudder, Nathaniel, was born near Hunting- 
 ton, X. Y., May 10, 173.S; graduated from Prince- 
 ton College in 17.il; served .several terms in the 
 State house of representatives; Delegate from Xew 
 Jersey to the Continental Congress 1777-17711; 
 killed while resisting an invading jiartv of British 
 at Shrewsbury, X. J., Octolier 17, 1781". 
 
 Scudder, Townsend, of (ilen Head, in the 
 town ol Oyster Pay. Nas.sjiu Comity, X. \'., was 
 born at North]Mirt, Suffolk County, X. Y., July 
 26,1811."), educati'd mainly aliroad; graduated from 
 Columbia Law School, New York, in the cla.ss of 
 1888, admitted to the bar of Xew York in 18.8!(: 
 served four terms as counsel for Queens County; 
 electe<l to the Fifty-sixth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Scudder, Treadwell. was born at IsMp, X. Y. ; 
 receivi'cl a liniilid iMlmation; elected a Kepresent- 
 ative from Xew York to tlie Fifteentli Congress: 
 State repre.sentative in 1828. 
 
 Scudder, Zeno, wils born at Harnstable, Ma.ss.. 
 August IS, 1807; received a liln'ral eilncation; 
 studied law and U'gan iiraetice at Harnstable; 
 served in botli brandies of the legislature; elected 
 
 a Kei>rescijlalivi-lroiii Ma.-isachii.«elts to the Thirty- 
 second and Thirty-third Congresses, resigning 
 March 1, Is.'>4, 011 account of ill health; died at 
 Harnstable, .Ma.ss., June 26, 18.i7. 
 
 Scull. Edward, of .Somerst-t, Pa., was born at 
 Pittsburg. Pa., in 1818; reeeived a common R'Ikh)! 
 and academic education; stiidieil law, and admit- 
 ted to the bar in 1.H44; moved to Somerset m 
 1846 and practiced law until ls."i7, when he was 
 elected jirothonolary and clerk of the court for a 
 term of three years; on March 4, I.86S, appointeti 
 collector of internal revenue by President Lincoln; 
 removed by President Johnson September, 1866; 
 appointed assessor of internal revenue by Presi- 
 dent (irant.Vpril, 1869; appointed collector March 
 22, 187.S, and served in that cajiacity until .\ugnst. 
 18.s:i, when till' district was consolidated with 
 another; ]»ublished and edited the Somerset Her- 
 ald since 18.52; delegate to thenational He]>ublican 
 convention at Baltimore in 1864, at Cincinnati in 
 1876, and at Chii'ago in 1H84; elected to the Fif- 
 tieth Congress as a Republican, and reelected to 
 the Fifly-lirst and I'ifty-second Congressi-s. 
 
 Scurry, Richardson, wasa nativeof Tenneg,see; 
 moved to Texas, and elected a Hepresentative 
 from that State to the Thirty-second Congre-ss. 
 
 Seaman, Henry J. , was a native of Xew Y'ork; 
 elected a Keiuescntative from that State to the 
 Twenty-ninth Congress as an American. 
 
 Searing, John A., was born at Xorth Ilamp- 
 stead. N. Y.. .May 14, 180.i; received a liberal edu- 
 cation; sheriff of l^ueens County in 184.S; member 
 of the State hou.se of representatives in 18.53; 
 elected a Representative from Xew York to the 
 Tliirtv-lifth Congress as a Democrat; died at 
 .Minn'eola May 6, 1876. 
 
 Searle, James, was born in Xew York City 
 about 17;iO; received a liberal education: engageil 
 in the lottery business at Philadelphia 1776-1778; 
 Delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental 
 Congress 1778-1780; died at Philadelphia August 
 7, 1797. 
 
 Seaver, Ebenezer, was born at Koxbury, 
 Mass., January S. 17i>.i; graduated from Harvard 
 College in 17.S4; member of the State house of 
 rei)resentatives 1794-1802; elected a Hejiresenta- 
 tive from Ma.<siichu.setts to the Kightli Congress as 
 a Democrat; reelecte<l to the Xinth, Tenth, 
 Fleventh, and Twelfth Congresses; defeated for 
 reelection to the Thirteenth Congre.ss; member of 
 the State constitutional convention in 1820; died 
 at Roxbury, Mass., March 1. 1.S44. 
 
 Sebastian, William K. , was born at \'ernon, 
 Tenn., in 1814: graduated from Columbia College, 
 Tenn.; studieil law, and began practice at Helena, 
 Ark.; |irosecuting attornev 1 8;!.t- 1 .s:?7 ; circuit 
 judge 1846; elected a I'nitcil ."^tates Senator from 
 .\rkansas (vice Chester .\shley, deeea-^d ) as a 
 Democrat, wrving from 1S48 to 1861, when he was 
 exjielled with the other Southern Senators: did 
 not take any jiart in the Confederate movements, 
 and after the Federal trooiis occupied Helena 
 moveil to ^b'lnphis, Tenn.. wliere he died May 20, 
 18tVi; the Senate subsci|Uently revoked the resolu- 
 tion of exjjulsion and paid his full salary to his 
 children. 
 
 Seddon, James Alexander, was Ikihi at Fal- 
 mouth, Va., July in, 181.5; graduateil from the 
 rniversity of Virginia in 1.8H.5; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Virginia to the Tweiity-nintli and 
 Thirty-lirst Congresses as a Democrat; declined a 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 789 
 
 reelection; niemher o( the peace convention in 
 1861; delegate from Virginia to the Provisional 
 Confederate Congress at Richmond in July, 1861; 
 died in Goochland County, Ya., August 19, 1880. 
 
 Sedg-wick, Charles B., was born at Pompey, 
 X. Y., March, 1S15; received a liberal education; 
 studied law and began practice at Syracuse, N. Y.; 
 elected a Representative from New Y'ork to the 
 Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican; reelected 
 to the Thirty-seventh Congress. 
 
 Sedgwick, Theodore, was born at West Hart- 
 ford, Conn., ]May 9, 1746; received a cla-'isicul edu- 
 cation; studied theology, but abandoned it for 
 law; began practicing at Barrington, and later 
 moved to Sheffield; served in the Revolutionary 
 expedition against Canada in 1776; for several 
 years a member of the colonial and State house of 
 representatives; Delegate from Massachusetts to 
 the Continental Congress 1785-86; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Massachu.setts to the First, Second, 
 Third, and Fourth Congresses, serving from .Tune 
 15, 1789, to December 6, 1796, when he resigned 
 to become United States Senator (vice George 
 Cabot, resigned), serving until March, 1799; dele- 
 gate to the State convention that adopted the Fed- 
 eral Constitution in 1788; elected a Representative 
 from Massachusetts to the Sixth Congress and 
 elected Speaker of the House; judge of the su- 
 preuie court of Massachusetts until his death, 
 January 24, 1813, at Boston. 
 
 Seeley, John E., was born at Ovid, N. Y'., 
 August 1, 1810; graduated from Y'ale College; 
 studied and practiced law; elected county judge 
 and surrogate of Seneca County in 1851-1855; 
 elected a Represeutative from New Y'ork to the 
 Forty-second Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Seeley, Julius H., was born at Bethel, Conn., 
 September 14, 1824; graduated from Amherst Col- 
 lege in 1849; studied theology; ordained in 18.53; 
 pastor of the First Reformed Dutch Church, 
 Schenectady, N. Y., 1853-1858; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Massachusetts to the Forty-fourth 
 Congress without nonnnation from any political 
 pai'ty; declined a reelection; accepted an invita- 
 tion to deliver a course of lectures in India in 
 1872; member of the commission to revi.se the tax 
 laws of Massachusetts; died at Amherst, Mass., 
 May 12, 1895. 
 
 Seerley, John J., of Burlington, Iowa, was 
 born at Toulon, 111., ^larch 13, 1852; graduated 
 from the State University of Iowa, degree A. B., 
 in 1875; principal of the Iowa City high school in 
 1876; graduated from the law department of the 
 State University of Iowa in 1877; lawyer by pro- 
 fession; city solicitor of Burlington for six years; 
 candidate of the Democratic party for Congress in 
 1888; elected to the Fifty-second Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Segar, Joseph E., was born in King William 
 County, Va., June 1, 1804; received a limited edu- 
 cation; held several local offices; served for sev- 
 eral years as a member of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives; electe'l a Representative to the Thirty- 
 seventh Congress as a Unionist; elected a United 
 States Senator from A'irginia ( vice L. J. Bowden, 
 deceased), and in December, 1864, presented his 
 creclentials. but not adnutted to his seat; defeated 
 as the Republican candidate for the Forty-fifth 
 Congress; died in 1885. 
 
 Selby, Thomas Jefferson, of Hardin, Calhoun 
 County, 111., was born in Delaware County, Ohio, 
 December 4, 1840; received a common school edu- 
 
 cation; a lawyer; admitted to practice in 1869, but 
 not commencing the practice of law until 1875; 
 elected sheriff of Jersey County, 111., serving from 
 1864 to 1866; owned "and pirlilished the Jersey 
 County Democrat from 1866 to 1870; served as 
 county clerk of the same county from 1869 to 1877; 
 mayor of the city of Jerseyville two terms; State 
 attorney for Calhoun County from 1888 to 1900; 
 elected to the Fifty-seventh Congress as a Demo- 
 crat. 
 
 Selden, Dudley, was a lawyer; elected a Repre- 
 resentative from New Y'ork to the Twenty-third 
 Congress as a Democrat, serving from December 
 2, 1833, to July 1, 1834, when he resigned; died at 
 Paris, France, November 7, 1835. 
 
 Selye, Lewis, was born at Chittenango, N. Y., 
 July 11, 1808; attended the common schools; man- 
 ufacturer; moved to Rochester, whei'e he held 
 several local offices; elected a Representative from 
 New Y'ork to the Fortieth Congress as an Inde- 
 pendent Rejjublican. 
 
 Semmes, Benedict I., was born in Charles 
 County, Md., November 1, 1789; grailuated from 
 the Baltimore Medical School in 1811; practiced 
 a few years at Piscataway, Md., but reluKjuished 
 it anil became a farmer; mendjer nf the State 
 house of representatives 1825, 1827, and 1828; 
 elected a Representative from Mar}dand to the 
 Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses as a 
 Clay Democrat; again a member of the .State 
 house of representatives in 1842 and 1843. 
 
 Sample, James, was born in Green County, 
 K}'., January 5, 1798; moved to Illinois in 1827; 
 meudjer of the State house of rejiresentatives 1828- 
 1833; attorney-general of Illinois 1833; charge 
 d'affaires to Colombia, October 14, 1837, to April 1, 
 1842; appointed United States Senator from Illinois 
 (vice Samuel McRoberts, decea.sed), as a Demo- 
 crat, and subsequently elected, serving from De- 
 cember 4, 1843, to March 3, 1847; died at Elsah, 
 111., December 20, 1866. 
 
 Sener, James B. , was born at Fredericksburg, 
 Va., May 18, 1837; received a liberal education; 
 studied law and practiced; held several lot'al of- 
 fices; an army correspondent of the Southern 
 Associated Press with General Lee's army ; delegate 
 from Virginia to the national Republican conven- 
 tion at Philadelphia in 1872; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Virginia to the Forty-third Congress as 
 a Republican. 
 
 Seuey, George E., of Tiffin, Ohio, was born at 
 Uniontown, Fayette County, Pa., May 29, 1832, 
 and moved with his parents to Tiffin in November, 
 1832; educated at Norwalk (Ohio) Seminary; ad- 
 mitted to the bar in 1853; practiced at Tiffin; 
 candidate for Presidential elector on the Buchanan 
 and Breckinridge ticket in 1856; elected judge of 
 the court of common pleas of the third judicial 
 district in 1857; in July, 1862, enlisted in the 
 One hundred and first Ohio Regiment, and sub- 
 sequently commissioned a first lieutenant, and 
 acted as quartermaster of the regiment until near 
 the close of the war; delegate to the Democratic 
 national convention at St. Louis in 1876; elected 
 to the Forty-eighth Congress as a Democrat, and 
 reelected to the Forty-uiuth, Fiftieth, and Fifty- 
 first Congresses. 
 
 Seney, Joshua, was horn on the eastern shore 
 of Marylamlin 17.50; received a classical education; 
 a Delegate from Marylantl to the Continental Con- 
 gress 1787-88; elected a Representative from ;\Iary- 
 land to the First Congress, serving from ilarch 4, 
 
790 
 
 CONORKSSION A L 1)1 KlXTi >!{ V . 
 
 17W, to .Mnv 1, 17!I2, whei) lu' if^'iuiifd: Prt'sideii- 
 tial olfctoriii ITi'L'; dicil in Miiryhinil in 17!t!t. 
 
 Senter, William T., wan Ixmi in (iiainuor 
 County. Teiin., in ism'; ivceiviMUifOinnuin fii-hmil 
 eiliu-atiun; lu-ld scvfral local otlioi'S; flfeU*<l a 
 Keprf^ontative from Ti-nnetsfiH' to tlu' Twenty- ' 
 eighth Connre^" as a Whi^; dii'il at I'anther 
 Springs. Tenn., August L'H, 1849. 
 
 Sergeant, John, was horn at I'hiladclpliia, l*a.. 
 Iteci'mlxT .'). 17711; grachiateil lioni I'rinci'ton Col- 
 lege in 17!t'i; studied law and practiced at Phila- 
 delphia for lil'ty years: appointed <'oinniissioner | 
 of bankruptcy iri iSDl; di']iuty attorney -general of 
 Pennsylvania; cli'ctcda Kcprcscntatix cfroni I'enn- 
 sylvania to the l'"ourteentli Congress as a I'Cderal- 
 ist; reelected to the Fifteenth. Sixteenth, anil 
 Seventeentli Congresses; an envoy to the I'anatna 
 congress; elected to the Twentietii Congress: can- 
 didate on tlie Whig ticket for Vice-rresident with 
 Henrv Clav in 1S;VJ. and defeated: elected to the 
 Twenty-lifih, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh 
 Congres.se.«, resigning Septeinher !">. 1S41: dcclineil 
 the ndssion to I'.ngland offered liy President Har- 
 rison: died at Philadelphia Xovenilier L'.j, KS-jJ. 
 
 Sergeant, Jonathan Dickinson, \va.s born at 
 Newark, N. J., in 174t«; graduated from New .Jer- 
 sey College in 17tj2; studii'd law and began prac- 
 tice at Newark, N. ,T.; Pelegate from New .lersey 
 to the Continental Congress I77()-77: appointed 
 attorney-general of I'eunsylvania in .July, 1777; 
 moved to Philadelphia; died at Philadelphia Octo- 
 ber 8, 1793. 
 
 Sessions, Walter L., was born at Brandon, 
 Vt.: raisttl on a farm: received a common school 
 education; studied law and jiracticeil his i)rofes- 
 eion; coinmis.sioncr of schools for several years: 
 mendier of thea.ssendily of the t^tate of New York 
 1853-.M; member of the State senate <if New York 
 in 18'i9 anil in 18t)5; a Representative from New 
 York to the Forty-second ami Korty-third Con- 
 gr,.>ses. and electeii to the Korty-ninlh Congres.s 
 asa Kepublican: was commissioner from New York 
 State to the World's Fair; died May 27, 1897. 
 
 Sessinghaus, Gustave, of St. Ix)ui8, Mo., suc- 
 cessfully contested the seat of K. G. Frost in the 
 Fortv-eighth Congress, and took his seat March 2, 
 188o! 
 
 Settle, EvanE., was born at Frankfort, Ky., 
 Decendjer 1, 1848: received early education at 
 the classical school of B. B. Sayre, a celebrated 
 eiUuat<ir of Frankfort, Ky., and graduated from 
 Louisville High School in .Inne, 18(54; licensed to 
 l>ractice law in 1870, and iiracticed his profession 
 at Dwenton, Owenton County, Ky.; elected county 
 attorney in 1878; reelected in 1882 and again in 
 188t>; resigned in 1887, and twice electeii to the 
 Kentuckv legislature, and served in that body in 
 sessions of 1887-88 and 1S8!MI0: dcleirate to the 
 national Democratic convention held at .St. Louis 
 in 1.S88; elected to the Fifty-lifth Congress -as a 
 Democrat: reelected to the Fifty-sixth Congress, 
 but died November 16, 1899. 
 
 Settle, Thomas, wa,« Ivirn in Rockingham 
 County. N. ('., in 1791; studied law and iK'gsin 
 iiniclice at Wentworth; a mendier of the State 
 house of rei«resentatives ISlil, I82t>-I828, the hist 
 rear as 8|ieaker; elected a Representative from 
 North Carolina to the Fifteenth Congress as a 
 llemocrat: reelected to the .Sixteenth Congress; 
 declined a reelection: judge of the superior courts 
 of law and eipiity in 18.{2; died in Kockiugham 
 County. N. C., August b, 1857. 
 
 Settle, Thomas, of Reidsville, X. C, wa.s born 
 in Kockin._'liam County, N. C, March 10, IStVi; 
 educati-d in the imblic schools of North Carolina 
 and Florida and then at (Jeorgetown College, Dis- 
 trict of t'. .hmdiia; studied law at ( iivensboro, N.C., 
 and admitted to the bar in ( 'ctol^'r, l.s.S.^; nomi- 
 nated by the Re[)Ublican party for solicitor of the 
 ninth judicial district, comprising eight counties, 
 in .Uigusl, 18.81), and elected; renondnated by the 
 I\epid)liians in 1.890 and elected; nominated 1>V 
 the Republicans for Congre.«s in 1892 and electeJ, 
 and reelected to the Fifty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Severance, Luther, was Vrnrn at Montague, 
 Mass.. October 28, 1797; moved to New York; 
 attcniled the public schools; printer; estjiblished 
 the Kcnnel>ec' .Journal at .\ugusta. Me., in 1823; 
 mcnilicr of the house of representatives of Maine 
 in 1.829 and the .senate 1.8;5.^-;iti: again of the house 
 18;W— 10; elected a Reprc-^entative from Maine to 
 the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Whig on the 
 second trial: reelected to the Twenty-ninth Con- 
 gress; United States commissioner to the Sandw ich 
 Islands 1850-1854; died at Augusta, Me., Januarv 
 2.i. 18.-i5. 
 
 Sevier, Ambrose H., was bom in (irci'iie 
 County, Tenn., Novendier 10, 1801; receive<l a lib- 
 eral education; studied law, and began )>racticing 
 at Little Rock, Ark.: member of the Territorial 
 house of representatives and senate; elected a Del- 
 egate fron\ Arkansas Territory to the Twentieth 
 Congress as a Whig; reelected to the Twenty-tirst, 
 Twenty-.second, and Twenty-third Congres.sef; 
 elected a Cnited States .Senator from the .State 
 of .\rkansas as a Democrat, and reelected, serving 
 until .March l-"), 1848, when he resigned; minister 
 to Mexico, serving from March 14. 1848, to .June 4. 
 1.848; returned to .\rkausas, and died Decend)i'r31, 
 1848. at Little Rock. 
 
 Sevier, John, w a.s born in Rockingham County, 
 Va., Septend>cr 23, 174.5; received a linnteil educa- 
 tion; settled on the Moisten River, North Carolina 
 (now Tcnnes.'^ecl . in 17H9: .served in the lievolu- 
 tionarv war. and the Creek war in 1789; governor 
 of Tennessee 1790-1,801, 180.3-1.809; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from North Carolina to the First Con- 
 gress a.s a Democrat ; elected a Reiire-^entative from 
 Tennessee to the Twelfth and Thirteenth Con- 
 gresses: one of the commissioners to locate the 
 boundaries of the Civek territory, and died, while 
 performing that service, at Fort Decatur, Ala., 
 Scplend>cr 24, 181.i. 
 
 Sewall, Charles S., was born at Elkton, Md.; 
 received a common school education: held sevend 
 local otHces; elected a Representative from Marv- 
 land to the Twenty-.second Congress (viceG. t. 
 Mitchell, deceased), serving from Decendier 3, 
 18:!2, to March 2. 1.8.33: reelected to the Twenty- 
 seventh Congress to fill out the unexpiivd term of 
 .lames W. Williams, decea.-^.'d: took liis scat Jan- 
 uary 7, 1843; .served to March 3, 1843. 
 
 Sewall, Samuel, was born at Bo.ston, Ma.ss., 
 December 11. 17.")7; graduate<l from Uarvard Col- 
 lege in 1771); studied law, and began pnictice at 
 Marblehcad, Mass.; elected a Representative from 
 Ma.s,sachu.s»'tts to the Fifth and Sixth Congresses, 
 resigning .lanuary 10, 18l)0, to become judge of 
 the supreme court of Ma.s.sachusetts: appointed 
 chief ju.stice of that court in 1813, dietl June 8, 
 1814, at WiscAs.set, Me. 
 
 Seward, James L., was a native of ('ieorgia: 
 received a liberal education: studied law . and Ih'- 
 nan practice at Thomasville, (ia. ; inendH-r of the 
 State legislatm-e 1.8;«>-1.S42, elected a Representa- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 791 
 
 tive from Georgia to the Thirty-third Congress as 
 a Demoorat; reelected to tlie Tliirty-fourth and 
 Thirty-fifth Congresses. 
 
 Seward, William H., was liorn at Florida, 
 N. Y., May 16, llSOl ; graduated from Union College 
 in 1820; studied law, and began practice at Aulxirn, 
 N. Y., in 1828; member of the State senate 18o0- 
 1834; defeated as the Whig candidate for governor 
 in 18:34; governor of New York 1838-1842; elected 
 a United States Senator from New Y'orkasa Whig, 
 serving from ilarch 4, 1849, until he resigned to 
 enter President Lincoln's Cabinet as Secretary of 
 State, March 5, 1861, serving until March 3, 1869; 
 died at Auburn, N. Y., October 10, 1872. 
 
 Sewell. James, was elected a Representative 
 from Maryland to the Twenty-seventh Congress 
 (vice James S. AVilliams, decea,sed), serving from 
 January 1. 1843. to ilarch 3, 1843. 
 
 Sewell, William J. , was born in Ireland Decem- 
 ber 6, 1835, and cameto this country at an early age; 
 engaged in mercantile pursuits, and at the outbreak 
 of the civil war commissioned captain of the Fifth 
 New Jersey Volunteers; served during tlie war, 
 and brevetted brigadier-general for distinguished 
 services at Chancellorsville and major-general for 
 gallant .services during the war; wounded at Chan- 
 cellorsville and Gettysburg; after the war became 
 connected with railroads in New Jersey; elected 
 State senator from Camden County in 1872; re- 
 elected in 1875 and again in 1878; president of the 
 senate 1876, 1879, and 1880; while a memberof the 
 legislature elected to the United States Senate in 
 1881. as the successor of Senator Theodore F. Ran- 
 dolph, and served until the close of his term in 1887; 
 elet'ted a delegate to the Republican national con- 
 ventions of 1876, 1880, 1884, 1888, and 1892, and on 
 each occasion made chairman of his delegation; 
 one of the national commissioners for New Jersey 
 of the World's Fair at Chicago; vice-president of 
 the Board ijf Managers of the National Home for 
 Disabled Volunteer Soldiers; in couunand of the 
 Sei-ond Brigade of the National tiuard of New 
 Jersey, and also connected with the management of 
 various banks, trust companies, and philanthropic 
 societies; elected to the United States Senate in 
 1895, to succeed Hon. John R. jNIcPherson; re- 
 elected in 1901 : died December 27. 1901. 
 
 Sexton, Iieonidas, was born at Rushville, Ind., 
 ]May 19, 1827; graduated from Jefferson College, 
 Pennsylvania, in 1847; studied law, and began prac- 
 ticing at Rushville; member of the State house of 
 representatives in 1856; lieutenant-governor of In- 
 diana 1873-1877; elected a Representative from 
 Indiana to the Forty-fifth Congressas a Republican. 
 
 Seybert, Adam, was born at Philadelphia, Pa., 
 May 16, 1773; re<'eived a elas.sical education; elect- 
 ed a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Eleventh, Twelfth, and Thirteenth Congresses, 
 and reelected to the Fifteenth Congress; died at 
 Paris, France, May 2, 1825. 
 
 Seymour, David Lowrey, was born at AVeth- 
 ersfield. Conn., December 2, 1803; graduated from 
 Yale College iu 1826; tutor at Yale College 1828- 
 1830; studied law, and began practice at Tro}-, 
 N. Y. ; member of the State house of representa- 
 tives, 1836; elected a Rejiresentative from New 
 York to the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; elected to the Thirty-sec<ind Congress; died 
 at Lanesboro, Mass., October 11, 1867. 
 
 Seymour, Edward Woodruff, was born at 
 Litchfield, Conn.. Augu.st 30, 1832; graduated from 
 Y'ale College in 1853; studied law; admitted to 
 
 the Ijar in 1856 and practiced law; member of the 
 Connecticut house of representatives in 1859, 1860, 
 1870, and 1871; memberof the Connecticut senate 
 1876; elected to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth 
 Congresses as a Democrat; after leaving Congres.s 
 he resumed the practice of law; in November, 
 1889, was appointed a judge of the supreme court 
 of Connecticut; died October 16, 1892, at Litchfield, 
 Conn. 
 
 Seymour, Henry William, of Sault Ste. Marie, 
 Mich., was Vmrn at Brockport, Monroe County, 
 N. Y., 1834; attended the Brockport Collegiate 
 Instituteand Canandaigua Academy; entered Wil- 
 liams College, Williamstown, Mass., in 1851, anil 
 graduated from that institution in 1855; studieil 
 law at Albany, N. Y., taking lecturesat the Albany- 
 Law School; admitted to practice May, 1856; en- 
 gaged for a time in the manufacture of reapers, and 
 subsequently iu the manufacture of lumber and in 
 farming; elected to the Michigan State house of 
 representatives from the Chebovgan district in 
 1880; elected State senator in 1882 from the thir- 
 tieth district; reelected from the same district in 
 1886; elected to the Fiftieth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican, to succeed Hon. Seth C. Moffett, deceased; 
 took his seat March 3, 1888. 
 
 Seymour, Horatio, was born at Litchfield, 
 Conn., May 31, 1778; graduated from Y'ale College 
 in 1797; studied law, and began practice at Middle- 
 bury, Vt.; held several local offices; elected a 
 United States Senator from A'ermont as a Clay 
 Democrat, serving from December 3, 1821, to 
 March 2, 1833; died at Middleburv,Vt., November 
 21, 1857. 
 
 Seymour, Origen S. , was bf>rn at Litchfield, 
 Conn., February 9, 1804; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; studied law and began practice at Litchfield; 
 member of the State house of representatives and 
 its speaker in 1850; elected a Representative from 
 Connecticut to the Thirty-second and Thirty-third 
 Congresses; judge of the superior court of Con- 
 necticut for several years; died at Litchfield, 
 Conn., August 12, 1881. 
 
 Seymour, Thomas H., was born at Hartford, 
 Conn., in 1808; graduated from Middletown JNIil- 
 itary Academy; studied law and began practice at 
 Hartford; engaged in newspajier work; a judge; 
 elected a Representative from Connecticut to the 
 Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat; served iu 
 the INIexican war as major of a New England 
 regiment; Presidential elector on the Pierce and 
 King ticket in 1852; governor of Connecticut 1850- 
 1853; minister to Russia 1853-1858; died at Hart- 
 ford, Conn., Septembers, 1868. 
 
 Seymour, William, was a native of Connecti- 
 cut; moved to Binghamton, N. Y.; received a lib- 
 eral education; held several local offices; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the Twenty- 
 fourth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Shackelford, John W., was elected a Repre- 
 sentative from North Carolina to the Forty-seventh 
 Congress as a Democrat; died at Washington, 
 D. C, .Tanuary 18, 1883. 
 
 Shackleford, Dorsey W. , of Jefferson City, 
 Mo., was born August 27, 1853, in Saline County, 
 Mo.; educated in the public schools of the State, 
 and was a teacher in 1877-1879, during which 
 period he studied law; liegan practice at Boon ville. 
 Mo., May 9, 1879; served as prosecuting attorney 
 of Cooper County two terms, from 1882 to 1886, 
 and from 1890 to 1892; elected and served as judge 
 of the fourteenth judicial circuit of Missouri from 
 
79>2 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 Juno 1, 1892, to SeptonilH-r 9, ISiW; resignoil liis 
 juilicial iRisiitimi U> taki' his pliicc in tlu' Kilty-sixth 
 Ciinnress, to \\hii li lie hiiil Ik'i'II cUrteil Aiifiiist 
 2V>, IHdlt, to fill tlie vacaiu-y laiiscl by the di-atli 
 of lion. Kii-hurii 1'. ItUuul; reelccteil to the Fifty- 
 seventh and Fifty-eight li Confrresses as a Demo- 
 erat. 
 
 Shafer, Jacob E., uas horn in Rorkingham ' 
 County, Va., l)eivnitier -(>, ISl'.S: necived a lilieral 
 edueation; finidiiati-ii from the law school of L. 1'. 
 Thompson, at Staiitiin, in lS4(i; moved to Stoikton, 
 Cal., and began pnietice; eleeted district attorney 
 of the tifth judicial district of California in 1.H50; 
 mayor of .Stockton in bS.V2; jnilge of San .huuiuin 
 County, Cal., court 1 R'l.S- 1 .'<()2 ; moved to Wa.sh- 
 ington (now Idaho) Territory in 18(>2; elected a 
 Delegate from Idaho Territory to the Korty-tirst 
 Congress as a I)eiiincral. 
 
 Shafroth, John F., of ])enver, Colo., was born 
 at Fayette, Mo., June i>, l,s.')4; entered the Cni- 
 versity of Michigan in the fall of 1S7L', and gradu- 
 ated from the literary dejiartment in the cla.-s of 
 1875; studied law in hisnativctuwii; adnjilteillothi' 
 bar in August, 187(1; jiracticeil law at Fayette, Mo., 
 until October, 1879, when he moved to Denver, 
 Colo.; in .Vpril, 1SS7, elected city attorney of Den- 
 ver, and reelected to the same position in April, 
 1889; electe<l to the Fifty-fourth Congre.-s asa Re- 
 publican; reelected to tfie Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, 
 and Fifty-.seventh Congres.s'S as a Silver Repub- 
 lican; reelected to the Fifty-eighth Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Shallenberger, Ashton C, of Alma, Nehr., 
 was born at Toulon, Stark County, 111., in 18t)l'; 
 educated intheconuuon schools of his native town 
 and at the University of Illinois; moved to Ne- 
 braska in 1881, locating first in I'olk County; 
 moved in 1887 to .\lnia, Harlan County, and en- 
 gaged in banking and stock raising; eleited Dem- 
 ocratic niend)er of the Xeliraska lUmetaliic League; 
 temporary chairman of the democratic State con- 
 vention in 1897; ele<>ted to the I'ifty-seventh Con- 
 gre.s.s, being the candidate of the Democratic, I'oji- 
 ulist, and Silver Repulilican jiarties. 
 
 Shallenberger, William S., of Rochester, I'a., 
 waslmrnat Mount l'lea.sant,\\estinoreland County, 
 Pa.. Novendier'J4, 18:i9; e<lucated in iiul)lic schools 
 and at Lewisburg Cniversity; entered the Vnion 
 Army in 18li'_' in the One iumdred and fortieth 
 Regiinent IVunsylvania Volunteers, and soon after- 
 wards apiiointedadjutant of theri'giment; wound- 
 ed in the battles of CbancellnrsvilU', (iettysburg, 
 and the Wilderness; nuistered out of service in ( )c- 
 tober, 1SG4, on account of disability from wnun<is 
 received; chairman of the Heaver County Repub- 
 lican comndttee in 1 87-' and 1874; elected to the 
 Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Con- 
 gresses as a Republican. 
 
 Shanklin, George S., wius a native of Ken- 
 tucky; received a libera! education; helil several 
 local" itlices; rresidential elector on the McClellan 
 and Pendleton ticket in 18(14; elected a Re])resent- 
 ative from Kentucky to the Thirty-ninth Congress 
 a-s a Democrat. 
 
 Shanks, John P. C, wan Ixirn at Martinsburg, 
 Va., June 17, I.hl'iI; receiveil an academic educa- 
 tion; studieil law and adndlted t<i the bar; began 
 iiractice in Indiaiui; member of the Indiana State 
 legislature i". 18o4; serve<l in the Cnion Army; 
 raisc'l the Seventh Regiment Imliana Volimteer 
 Cavalrv an<l conwnan<led it until given couuuand 
 of a brigade of cavalry; mustered out September 
 
 22, isiio, with the rank of brevet major-general; 
 elected a Representative from Itiiliana to the 
 Thirty-seventh Congres.s as a Republican; eleeted 
 to the Fortieth, Forty-first, Forty-se<-ond, and 
 Forty-third Congres.-'es; died January 22, 1901. 
 
 Shannon, Richard Cutts, of New York City, 
 
 was born at New Ixjudon, Conn., February 12, 
 1839; graduated from Watervillq (Me. ) College 
 (now Colby I'niversity ), and serveil asa volunteer 
 in the Cnion Army during the civil war; a]i|>ointe<l 
 secretary of the I'nited States legation at Rio de 
 Janeiro, Rrazil in 1871, and served imlil March, 
 1875, when he resigned; took chargeof the Botan- 
 ical (iarden Railroad Company in l.s7(i, an Ameri- 
 can enterprise in Brazil, of which he subsequently 
 became the vice-president and general manager 
 and finally the president; graduated from the law 
 Hchoiil (ii (.'ohnnbia College in 188."). and, having 
 been admitted to the New Y'ork bar, became a 
 inendier of the firm of Purrington iV; Shannon; 
 appointed envoy extraordinary ami minister 
 plenipotentiary of the I'nited States to the Repub- 
 lics of Ni<'aragua, Salvadfir, and Costa Rica in 1891 
 and served until April, 1893; an alumni trustee of 
 Colby I'niversity; elected to the Fifty-fourth and 
 Fifty-fifth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Shannon, Thomas, resided at Barne.sville, 
 Ohici; a member of the State legislature; electeil a 
 Representative from Ohio to the Nineteenth Con- 
 gress to fill the unexpired term of David Jennings, 
 resigned, serving from December 4, 182ti. to March 
 3, 1827. 
 
 Shannon, Thomas B., was born in Westmore- 
 land (nunty, Pa., in 1S27; attended the public 
 schools; moved to lllinoisin lS44and tuCalifornia 
 in 1849; merchant; .served four years in the State 
 legislature; elected a Representative from Cali- 
 fornia til the Thirty-eightii Congress as a Repul> 
 lican; collector nf customs at San Fraucisco. 
 
 Shannon, Wilson, was bom in Belmont County, 
 
 Ohio, February 24, 1802; graduated from Transyl- 
 vania College, Kentucky; .studied law anil tx-gan 
 practice at St. Clairsvilie, Ohio; State prosecuting 
 attorney in 1835; governor of Ohio 1.H38-I.S40 and 
 1842-1844; minister to Mexico 1844-45; elected a 
 Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-third Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; governor of Kansas 18.55-ot>; 
 died at Lawrence, Kans., August 31, 1877. 
 
 Sharon, William, was Iwrn at Snnthtield, 
 oliiii, .laiuiary 9. ISL'l; raised on a farm; entered 
 .\thcns College in 1842, and remained there two 
 vears; studied law; admitted to the bar at St. 
 Louis, and conunenced practice; his healt'i failing, 
 he engaged in mercantile i)ursuits at Carrollton, 
 III.; moved to California in 1849, and eomiiience<l 
 business at Sacramento; went to San Francisco in 
 l.'<5(), where he opt rateil in real estate: moveil to 
 Nevada in 18(14. as the maiiiiger of the braiich of 
 the Bank of California, and liecame largely inler- 
 .sted in mines; elected to the Inited States .^enate 
 as a Repidilican to succeed W. M. Stewart, Repub- 
 lican, .serving from March 4, 1875, to Mart-n 3, 
 1881; died Novend.er 13, 18,85. 
 
 Sharp, Solomon P., was born in \'irginia in 
 17.S0; movi'd to Kentuckv, where he attemleil 
 the imblic schools; studied law, and in 1799 liegau 
 piwtice; served several terms in the State house 
 of representatives; attorney-general of Kentucky; 
 electi^l a Re|ire.sentative from Kentucky to the 
 Tldrteenth and Fourteenth Congre.s.ses as a Demo- 
 crat; while a member of the legislature was 
 iissassinate<l in November, 18;<5. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 793 
 
 Sharpe, Peter, was a native of Xew York; re- 
 ceived a lilieral ediioatioii; member of tlie State 
 house of repreisentativeiJ LS14-1820; delegate to the 
 State constitutional ponvention in 18121: received 
 the certificate of election as a member of Congress 
 from New York in the Seventeenth Congress; seat 
 was successfully contested by Cadwallader D. 
 Colden: reelected to Kighteenth Congress. 
 
 Sharpe, 'Williain, was born in Cecil County, 
 !Md., Decendier VS, 1742; received a classii'al edu- 
 cation: stu<lieil law, and began practice at ^leck- 
 lenliurg, County, N. C, in 1763; Delegate from 
 North Canilina to the Continental Congress 1779- 
 17Si: ilit'd in Iredell County, N. C, July 1, 1S18. 
 
 Shattuc, Williara B., of Madisonville, Ohio, 
 was born at North Hector, N. Y., June 11, 1841; 
 moved to Ohio when 11 years old, and received 
 his education in the public schools; commissioned 
 officer in the Union Army during the rebellion, in 
 the army of the frontier; for thirty years previous 
 to 18ii5 an ofBcer in the railway traffic service; 
 elected one of the State senators from Hamilton 
 County to the seventy-second general assemlily in 
 189o; elected to the Fifty-fifth Congress as a Re- 
 puljlican; reelected tn the Fifty-sixth and Fifty- 
 seventh Congresses. 
 
 Shaw, Aaron, was born in C>range County, 
 N. Y., in 1811; educated at Montgomery Academy, 
 New York; studied law with Judge Morrell at 
 Go.shen, N. Y. ; moved to Lawrence County, 111., 
 in 1833; a delegate to the first internal improve- 
 ment convention of Illinois; elected State attorney 
 by the legislature of Illinois; three time.s a njem- 
 ber of the Illinois State legislature; elected circuit 
 judge of the fourth judicial district of Illinois, and 
 served six years; elected to the Thirty-fifth Con- 
 gress, and elected to the Forty-eighth Congress as 
 a Democrat; died January 8, 1887. 
 
 Shaw, Albert Duane, was born at the town of 
 Lyme, Jefferson County, N. Y., December27, 1S41; 
 educated at Belleville, Union Academy, and Can- 
 ton University; enlisted as a private in Company 
 A, Thirty-fifth New York Volunteers, in June, 
 1861, servingout the term of enli.stment: appointed 
 a special agent of the War Department in 1863, 
 stationed at provost-marshal's headquarter.s at 
 Watertown, N. Y., thus serving until the close 
 of the great war in 1865; elected member of the 
 State assendjly in 1866, serving one term; ap- 
 pointed colonel of the Thirty-sixth Regiment Na- 
 tional Guard, State of New York, in 1867, by 
 Governor R. E. Fenton, and resigned to accept the 
 position of United States consul at Toronto, Canada, 
 ni 1868; promoted to Manchester, F'ngland, in 1878; 
 elected department commander of the Grand 
 Army of the Republic of New York in 1896; unan- 
 imously elected commander in chief of the national 
 encampment in 1899; elected to the Fifty-sixth 
 Congress as a Republican to fill a vacancy caused 
 by the death of C. A. Chickering; elected to the 
 Fifty-seventh Congress, but died before taking his 
 seat, February 8, 1901. 
 
 Shaw, Frank T., of Westminster. Md.. was 
 born at Woodsboro, Fre<lerick County, ;Md., Octo- 
 ber 7, 1841; received a common school education: 
 graduated from the medical department of the 
 I'niversity of Maryland in 1864; located at Union- 
 town, Carroll County, Mil., where he practiced his 
 profession until No"vember, 1873, when he was 
 elected clerk of the circuit court for Carroll County 
 for the term of six years; reelected to the same 
 position in 1879; noiiiinated in 1880 for Represent- 
 ative to the Forty-seventh Congress, but declined; 
 
 for many years a member of the Democratic State 
 central committee of Maryland; elected to the 
 Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Congresses as a Deuiot'rat ; 
 a member of the State legislature in 1890; elected 
 State tax commissioner in 1890, which position he 
 held until 1894, when he was appointed by Presi- 
 dent Cleveland collector of customs at the port of 
 Baltimore. 
 
 Shaw, George B., was born at the town of 
 Alma, Allegany County, N. Y., March 12, 1854; 
 educated in the puljlic schools; lumber manufac- 
 turer; mayor of Faux Claire, Wis., in 1888 and 1889; 
 delegate to the national Republican convention in 
 Chicago in 1S84; supreme chancellor Knights of 
 Pythias nf the World from July, 1890, to August, 
 1892; elected to the Fifty-third Congress as a 
 Republican; died August 27, 1894. 
 
 Shaw, Henry, was born in Windham County, 
 Vt.. in 17S,S; received a liberal education; studied 
 law, and in 1810 began practice at Lanesboro, 
 Mass.; elected a Representative from Massachu- 
 setts to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses; 
 declined a renomination; served eighteen years in 
 the State house of representatives; Presidential 
 elector in 1833; moved to New York City in 1848; 
 member of the State house of representatives in 
 1853; moved to Newburv in 1854: died at Peekskill, 
 N. Y., October 17, 1857. 
 
 Shaw, Henry M. , was born at Newport, R. I., 
 November 20, 1819; received a liberal education; 
 graduated from the medical department of the 
 University of Pennsylvania, and began practice at 
 Indiantown, N. C. ; elected a Re|iresentative from 
 North Carolina to the Thirty-third Congress as a 
 Democrat; elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress; 
 served in the Confederate army anrl was killed 
 near Newbern, N. C, February 23, 1864. 
 
 Shaw, John G., of Fayetteville, N. C, was 
 born January 16, 1859, near Fayetteville, N. C. ; 
 attended the common schools of his county; en- 
 gaged in the naval-store business for some time 
 after he was of age; studied law; admitted to the 
 bar in 1888; elected a member of the general 
 assembly the same year; located at Fayetteville; 
 elected county attorney for Cundierland County in 
 1890, and held the position for four years; Demo- 
 cratic candidate for Presidential elector in 1892, 
 and was elected; elected to the Fifty-fourth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; after leaving Congress he 
 resumed the practice of law. 
 
 Shaw, Samuel, was born at Dighton, Mass., 
 December, 1768; received a limited education; 
 moved to Putney, Vt., and studied medicine; 
 began practicing medicine at Castleton, Vt., in 
 1799; imprisoned for a bitter denunciation of Pres- 
 ident Adams, but liberated by the people; a mem- 
 ber of the State house of representatives in 1799; 
 elected a Representative from \'ermont to the 
 Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Congresses; served 
 in the U. S. Armv as surgeon; died at Clarendon, 
 Vt, October 22, 1827. 
 
 Shaw, Tristam, was born at Exeter, N. H., in 
 
 1787; received a liberal education; held several 
 local offices; elected a Representative from New 
 Hampshire to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty- 
 seventh Congresses; died at Exeter, N. H., March 
 14, 1843. 
 
 Sheafe, James, was born at Portsmouth, N. H., 
 November 16, 1755; received a liberal education; 
 merchant; elected a Representative from New 
 Hampshire to the Sixth Congress as a Federalist; 
 elected a United States Senator from New Hamp- 
 
7\U 
 
 CONGKKS8IONAL DlKKCToRV, 
 
 cliiro, serving from r>ocoiiil>er 7, ISOl, U> IStlL'. 
 when lit' ivsiniicil; di'ifutcil lor j.'ovt'nior in ISlli; 
 .licil at Port.-nioiith, N. II., l)e.vnil>iT 5, 1821t. 
 
 Sheakley, James, was Inirn at Sln>akleyville, 
 Va., April LM, ISiiO; n'l'civeil a clai^ical iMhication: 
 wi'iit to California in 1S4!I; ri-lnrncil t>i IViinsyl- 
 vania in IS.")4 ami i'n;;as;('il in mcnantiU' iiiiryuit."; 
 flfcti'il a Kc|ii'i'st'ntaiivc from I'l'imsylvania to the 
 Korty-fourtli Coii'.'ri'.-f as a Ik'moi-rat. 
 
 Sheats, Charles Christopher, was born in 
 A\ail<(r County. Ala., .\|.ril 10, 1S;?0; receiviMl a 
 limiteil ('diU'atioii: rlt'i'lnl a mi'Milicr of tlii' Heces- 
 .«ion loiivcnlion in l.stid and rofnsed to ."inn tin- 
 ordinanc<' of .seccx.sion; elected a 'mendier of the 
 lower house of tln>>:eneral assemhly of .MaUama in 
 IStil, and expelled for his adherence to Cnionism 
 in ISiil'; imjirisoned for treason hy the Confeder- 
 ates, eonld not obtain a trial, and was not reU'ii-si'd 
 until after the rlo.se of the war; eleett'd a mendier 
 of the eonstitntioual eouvention in l.sii.'i; ailmilted 
 to the liar in ISti?; rn-siilential elector on tlii'( irani 
 ticket; consul to Ocnmark in lS(i9; elected u Kep- 
 re.«entative from .Mahama to the Forty-third Con- 
 trress as a Republican. 
 
 Sheifer, Daniel, of York, I'a., was elected a 
 Kepresentative from Pennsylvania to the Twenty- 
 lifth Confrress as a Democrat. 
 
 Sheffey, Daniel, was born at rre<lerick, Md., 
 in 1770; rcieivcd a cUi.ssical cilucation; located at 
 Abbeville, and stndieil law; admitted to the bar; 
 served in the house of (UOe^ates; elected a Kepre- 
 sentative from Virginia to the Kleventh, Twelfth, 
 Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Conjjre.sses as a Fed- 
 eralist; died in Staunton, \'a., l)eeendierU, 1880. 
 
 Sheffield, William P., was born at Xew Shore- 
 ham. K. I., .\uirust .SO, JSL'O; received a liberal 
 education; stndli'd law, and bejjan pnictiee at .New 
 Shorehatn; deUvate to the State constitutional con- 
 venti(m in 1S41 ami 1S4L'; member of the State 
 house of representatives in 1S45; moved to Tiver- 
 ton, and again elected to the State house of re|>re- 
 sentatives 1S40-1S.5:}; moved to New port, and a^rain 
 electeil to the State house of rcpre.si'ntatives 18.')7- 
 bStil; electeil a He])re.sentative from Kliodc Island 
 to the Thirty-.seveiilh Congress as a Union candi- 
 date; again served a mimber of years in the State 
 house of representatives; appointed a Senator from 
 Rhode Islaml in the place of Henry I?, .\nthony, 
 decea-'cil, serving from November ly, 1SS4, to Feb- 
 ruary ■_'-. l."<S.i. 
 
 Shelden, Carlos Douglas, of Houghton, 
 llonghton County, Mich., was liorn at Walworth, 
 Walworth Couniy. Wis., June 10, IS40; .seven 
 years later moved with his ^larents to Houghton 
 County, Lake Superior district, Mich.; iMlucaled 
 in the Cnion School. Ypsilanti, Mich., and re- 
 turned to his home in the fall of ISlil; ser\ed 
 through the war of the rebellion as captain in the 
 Twenty-third Michigan Infantry; at the close of 
 the war returned to Houghton and enteri-<l mer- 
 cantile life with his father; .selected to represent 
 Ids district in the lower bnuieli of the Michigan 
 legislature in I.SOL', ami promoted to the Stale.-en- 
 ate in ISIM; eleited to tlu' Fiftv-liflh Coiigri-ss as 
 a Kepnblican, and reelected to the Fifty-sixth and 
 Fifty-seventh Congresses, 
 
 Sheldon, Lionel A., wa.o horn in (1t,«ego 
 ("ouMty, N. v.. .\ugust .'iO. ISLt); moved with his 
 jiareiils to ((hill, where he received a lilieral edu- 
 cation; L'raduated from nU'rlin College; studied 
 law, and admitted to the bar; began jiraetiee at 
 Eiyria; judge of tlie probate court one term; dele- 
 
 gati- to the national Rcpuhliran convention in 
 1.8.')ti; commissioned brigadier-general of the militia 
 by (iovernor Chase; entered the rnion Aruiv in 
 August. ISOl , as captain of cavalry, and soon chosen 
 major of the Second Ohio Cavalry: by transfer 
 became lieutenant-colonel of the Forty-second 
 (Ihio Infantry and afterwards colonel; brigjide 
 commander under (ieneral Sherman; jilaced in 
 command of the Second Brigade of the Ninth 
 Hivision of the Thirteenth Army Corps in l.Sti:!; 
 after the war he settled in Xew Orleans, where he 
 resumed the |iraitice of law; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Louisiana to the Foity-lirst Congress as 
 a Uepulilican, and reelected to the Forty-second 
 and Forty-third Congresses. 
 
 Sheldon, Porter, was born at Victor. X. Y., 
 Septeiulier 120. IS.Sl; received a liberal iHlueatiou; 
 studied law, and practiced at l{andolpli, X. Y. ; 
 moved to Rockport, III., in 1857, and jiracticiil 
 until 18(55, when he returned to Chantaui|ua, 
 N. Y.; meml^r of the Illinoi.s constitutional con- 
 vention ill KStil; elected a Repre.sentative from 
 New York to the Forty-first Congress as a Repub- 
 lican. 
 
 Shell, George W., of I^inrens, S. C, was born 
 ill Laurens County. S. C, Xovemlier IS, IKJl; 
 worked on a farm and attende<l country school 
 until 18 years of age; continued to farm iintil the 
 war; entcreil the Confederate army in April, 1801, 
 and remained in tliC service until the surrender at 
 .\ppoiiiattox; served as private, lieutenant, and 
 captain; after the war resumed farming; served as 
 clerk of court for six vears; elected to the Fifty- 
 second and Fifty-thiril Congresses as a Democrat; 
 died December 15, 1,899. 
 
 [ Shellabarger, Samuel, Wius born in Clark 
 County, Ohio, December 10, 1817; graduateil from 
 theMiami I'liiversity; stndieil law, and began prac- 
 tice at Springlielil,( )hio; member of the State hou.-^e 
 of representatives 1852-53; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Ohio to the Thirty-seventh Congress iis 
 a Keimbliean; defeated for reelection to the Thirty- 
 eighth Congress; elected to the Thirty-ninth and 
 Fortieth Congresses; minister to Portugal April 21, 
 18t)0, to December 31, bStiVl; elected to the Forty- 
 second Congress; died in 1890. 
 
 I Shelley, Charles M., of Selma, Ala., was born 
 in Sullivan County, Tenn., Decendier 28, 1S;{3; 
 moved toAlabamawitli liisfatherin 1.830; received 
 a limited education: brought up to the trade of an 
 architect and builder, and afterwards followeil 
 that business; entered the Confederate service in 
 February. 1801, as lieutenant, and w;us stationed 
 liist at Fort Morgan, and afterwards attached to 
 the Filth .Vlabama Kegiineiit; after furtherservice 
 commissioned briLradier-geiieral, and .served under 
 <ien.,Ioseph K. .lohiistoii and (ieneral Hood; after 
 the war returned to his occupation; elected to the 
 Forty-lifth Congre.ss asa Representative from Ala- 
 bama, and reelected to the Forty-sixth Congrvss 
 as a l)eniiMrat; received a certilicate of rt-election 
 to the Forty-seventh Congress: uns<'ate<l .Inly 20, 
 1>>82, and, the seat being declareil vacant, reelei-ted 
 as a Democrat i\ovember7, 1.8,82; received the cer- 
 tilicate of election to the Forty-eighth Congress, 
 liiit was unseated ,Ianuary 9, 1885. 
 
 Shepard, Charles, w as l>orn at Xewlx-rn, X. C, 
 DecemlK.'r5, 1,S()7; s;radnate<l from Cliai>el Hill in 
 1827; elected a Representative to the Tweiity-lifth 
 and Tweiitv-sixth Congresses as a Democrat; dit-d 
 at Xewbern, N. C., October 31, 1843. 
 
 Shepard, William, was born at Westtield, 
 Mass., December 1, 1737; volunteere<.l in defense of 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 'rc 
 
 795 
 
 the frontier settlements against the incursions of the 
 French and Indians in 1754; two years later was 
 appointed to the otKce of sergeant; when 21 years 
 old was lientenant under General Aliercrombie,and 
 a vear later was promoted to a captaincy under 
 General Amherst; served six years in the French 
 war, takiufj part in the battles of Fort William 
 Henry, Ticonderoga, Crown Point, Isle aux Noix, 
 St. Johns, and IMontreal ; returned to Westtield and 
 to civilian pursuits; one of the committee of corre- 
 spondence for Westtield, in 1774, to carry out the 
 r«solves of the provincial congress, and lieutenant- 
 colonel of minute men in April, 177-t; entered the 
 colonial army in May, 177o, as lieutenant-colonel 
 in the regiment commanded by Col. Timothy 
 Danielson; commissioned colonel of the Fourth 
 Massachusetts Regiment in 1776;' when the British 
 landed at Pells Point he was ajipointed by Wash- 
 ington to guard the retreat of the troops from 
 Long Island, and was wounded by a musket ball; 
 served with Wasliiugton during tlie retreat through 
 New .Jersey and the subsequent successes at Tren- 
 ton, I'rinceton, and Monmouth; dispatched to the 
 northern army under Gates, and took part in the 
 battles which led to the surrender of Burgoyne on 
 October 17, 1777, and in the retreat from Rhode 
 Island in 1778; conmianded a brigade under Gen- 
 eral Lafayette in 17S0, which he retained until 
 the close of the war, in 1783, having participated 
 in twenty-two battles; electeil to the lower branch 
 of the general court of Massachusetts in 17.S.3 and 
 178ti; cho.'^en major-general of the fourth division, 
 ^lassachusetts militia in 17.%, and in the same 
 year was sunnnoneil from his farm to assume com- 
 mand of the National forces at Siiringfield, ilass., 
 on the outbreak of Shay's rebellion, where his 
 gallant and successful defense of the Springfield 
 Arsenal was largely instrumental in suppressing 
 the rebellion; comiilimented by the general court 
 of ^Massachusetts fur his gallantry; appointed in 
 1796 Ijy the governor of Massachusetts to treat 
 with the Penobscot Indians, and by the National 
 Government, in 1797, with the Six Nations; 
 Presidential elector for the tirst and second elec- 
 tions under the Constitution ( Washington's terms) 
 17SS to 1792; member of the governor's council of 
 ^Massachusetts 1792 to 1796; member from Massa- 
 chusetts to the National House of Representatives 
 for the Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh Congresses; died 
 at We.-*tlie!d, ilass.. November 11, 1817. 
 
 Shepard, William Biddle, was 6orn at New- 
 bern, N. C, in 1799; graduated from the Univer- 
 sity of North Carolina; studied law, and began 
 practice at Elizabeth City; elected a Representa- 
 tive from North Carolina to the Twentieth Con- 
 gress as a Whig; reelected to the Twenty-first, 
 Twenty-second, Twenty-third, and Twenty-fourth 
 Congresses; declined another election; member«of 
 the North Carolina senate 1838-1848; died at Eliza- 
 beth City, N. C, June 20, 1852. 
 
 Shepley, Ether, was born at Groton, Mass., 
 November 2, 17S9; graduated from Dartmouth 
 College in 1811; studied law and began practice in 
 Saco (now Elaine, then in Massachusetts) ; mem- 
 ber of the State house of representatives in 1819; 
 delegate to the State constitutional convention in 
 1820; United States attorney for the district of 
 Maine 1821-1833; moved to' Portland; elected a 
 United States Senator from IMaine as a Democrat 
 from December 2, 1833, to j\fiirr;li 7| WSH, when he 
 resigned to become justice of the supreme court of 
 Maine, and subsequently chief justice; died at 
 Portland, Me., January 15, 1877. 
 
 Sheplor, Matthias, was a native of Pennsyl- 
 vania; moved to Ohio and settled at Bethlehem; 
 elected a Representative from Ohio to the Twenty- 
 fifth Congress as a \'an Buren Democrat. 
 
 Sheppard, John Levi, was born April 13, 1852, 
 at Bluffton, Chambers County, Ala.; attended the 
 common schools; studied law, and began practic- 
 ing at Daingerfield, Morris County, Tex., in 1879; 
 elected district attorney of thetiftli judicial district 
 in 1882, holding that office for six consecutive 
 years; nominated by the Democratic jiartyin 1888 
 for district judge of the same district and elected, 
 which position he held for eight years; temporary 
 chairman of the Democratic State convention in 
 1892; appointed by the governor as one of the 
 Texas delegates to the bimetallic convention at 
 Chicago in 1,S93; delegate to the Democratic na- 
 tional ci invention at Chicago in 1896, and later the 
 Texas member of the Presidential notification 
 committee, which met at New York City in August, 
 1896; retired from the bench in the winter of 
 1896-97, and became the senior member of the law- 
 firm of Sheppard, Jones & Shepjjard; elected to 
 the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh Congresses aa 
 a Democrat; died October 11, 1902, at Eureka 
 Springs, Ark. 
 
 Sheppard, Morris, of Texarkana, Tex., was 
 liorn May 28, 1875, at Wheatville, .Morris County, 
 Tex.; student in the common schools of Dainger- 
 field. Pittsburg, Cumliy, Austin, and Linden; en- 
 tered the University of Texas in September, 1891, 
 where he remained six years, obtaining the de- 
 grees of B. A. in 1895 and LL. B. in 1897; entered 
 Yale L'niversity in September, 1897, taking the 
 degree of LL. M. in 1898, winning the Wayland 
 prize debate, Yale law school, 1898, delivering the 
 master's oration, commencement Yale law school, 
 1898; elected sovereign banker, or national treas- 
 urer. Woodmen of the World, at Memphis. Tenn., 
 in 1899; elected the fii-st president of the Texas 
 fraternal congress at Dallas in 1901 ; began the 
 practice of law at Pittsburg, Tex., in 1898, and 
 moved to Texarkana in 1899, where he continued 
 to follow his profession; literary editor Texas 
 Woodman and Woodman .lournal, of San Antonio 
 and Dallas, respectively; elected to the Fifty-sev- 
 enth Congress, at a special election held Novem- 
 ber 15, 1902, to fill out the unexpired term of his 
 father, Hon. John L. Sheppard, deceased; also 
 elected to the Fifty-eighth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat. 
 
 Shepperd, Augustine H. , was born at Rock- 
 ford, N. C. ; received a liberal education; studied 
 law, and liegan practicing in Surry County; mem- 
 ber of the house of commons of North Carolina 
 1822-1826; elected a Representative to the Twen- 
 tieth, Twenty-first, Twenty -second. Twenty-third, 
 Twenty-fourth, and Twenty-fifth Congresses; de- 
 feated for the Twenty-sixth Congress; elected to 
 the Twenty-seventh," Thirtieth, an.I Thirty-first 
 Congresses. 
 
 Sherburne, John Samuel, was born at Ports- 
 mouth, N. H., in 1757; graduated fnim I>artmouth 
 College in 1776; studied law, anil began practice at 
 Portsmouth; served in the Revolutionary army 
 and lost a leg at the battle of Butts Hill; elected 
 a Representative from New Hampshire to the 
 Third and Fourth Congresses; Uidted States attor- 
 ney for the district of New Hampshire 1801-1804; 
 United States judge for the district of New Hamp- 
 shire from ^lav, 1804, until his death, at Ports- 
 mouth, N. H., August 2, 1830. 
 
79('> 
 
 OONCKKSSIONAL UIKKCToKY, 
 
 Sheredine, Upton, wum eU'cteil a Ki-preseiita- 
 tivc Iniiii M;iivl:iM(l to the Swiiiul C<>iit;reK«. 
 
 Sheridan, George A., was lnvrn at Milllmry, 
 Ma.ss., IVliiiiaiv I'L', 1.S4II; nnvivtMl a liln-ral cdii- 
 catiou; moved to Illinois; entered the Tnion 
 Army as eaptain; moved to l.oiiisiaiia in IstUi; 
 sheriff of Carroll rarish in IStiT; eleited a Hi-pre- 
 sentative from Louisiana to the Korlv-third Cmi- 
 jiress as a Liberal; appointed reeonler of ileeds 
 for the Digtriet of Columbia in 1878. 
 
 Sherman, James Schoolcraft, of I'tiea, X. Y., 
 \vasl>niii at Ctiia. N. V., Oi-IoIht ".'4, 1855; re- 
 eeived an arademie and (dlle!.'iaIeeducation. j;ra<l- 
 natin;.' I'mm Hamilton Collefiein the class of 1878; 
 admitted to the liar in 1S81I; nractieed law; i>resi- 
 (lent of the I'tiea Trust ami Deposit Company, 
 anil [iresident of the New llartfonl CanninjiConi- 
 jiany; mayor of I'tica in 1884; deletrate to the Ke- 
 pulilican national convention in 18;il'; ehairnianof 
 New Y(ii-k State Kepnlilican convention in KSit') 
 anil attain in liHlO; elected to the Kiflieth, rifty- 
 lirsl. Kifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-lifth, Fifty- 
 sixtli, ami Fifty-seventh Conjiresses, and reelected 
 to the Fifty-eijihth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Sherman, John, was horn at Lancaster, Ohio, 
 Mav 10, 18'_':^: received an academic education; 
 studied law, and adniilted tollie bar May 11. 1844; 
 delegate to the national Whig conventions of 1848 
 and 1852, and presided over the first Hejiubliean 
 convention in Ohio in 18.55; Representative to the 
 Thirty-fourth, Tliirty-fifth, Thirty-sixth, and 
 Thirtv-seventli Congresses; Reiniblican candi<late 
 for Speaker winter of 18.')!»-()0; elected to the Sen- 
 ate in March, 18(jl, and reelected in 18()ti and 187L'; 
 appointed Secretary of the Treasury in .March, 
 1S77, and served during rresident Ilayes's Ad- 
 ministration; elected to the Cnited States Senate 
 as a Republican, to succeed .\llen (J. Thurman, 
 Democrat, and took Ids seat .March 4, 1881; re- 
 elected in ]S8(), and again in \S[>-2; resigned March 
 4, 1807, to lieeome Secretarv of State; resigned 
 April 1'5, 18'.iS: died October L'l', 1!H)0. 
 
 Sherman, Judson W. , was a native of New 
 York; received a liberal education; lielil several 
 local ottices; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Thirty-lifth Congress as a Re]>nblican. 
 
 Sherman, Roger, was born at Newtoiv, Ma.«s., 
 April lii, 17L'I; attended the |)ublic schools; shoe- 
 maker, anil worked at his trade at New ^lilford, 
 Conn.; studied law and began practice in 1754; 
 judge of the court of connnon jileas in Litchfield 
 County; moved to New Haven in 17til; judge of 
 the court of <-ommiin pleas in New Havi'U County 
 I7l)5-I78il; Delegate from Comiecticut to the Con- 
 tinental Congre.-'s 1774-1784; delegate to the Feil- 
 eral constitutional convention of 1787; elected 
 a Representative from Connecticut (vice W. S. 
 .lohnson, resigned), serving from October 24, 
 17!'l, to July' 2.S, 17!i:i, when he died at New 
 Haven, Conn. 
 
 Sherman, Socrates N., was a native of Ver- 
 mont; moved to ( Igdeiisburg, N. Y. ; elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Thirty- 
 seventh Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Sherrill, Eliakim, was a native of New York; 
 received a public .-cliool education; held several 
 local ollices; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Thirtieth Congress as a Wliig. 
 
 Sherrod, William C, was born at Courtland, 
 Ala., .\ugust 17, 18.V); graduated from Chapel 
 Hill College, North Carolina; i)laiiter; State rej)- 
 
 resentalive of .\labama l.s.")>MW; served in the 
 Confederate army; elected a Representative from 
 .\labama to the Forty-lirst Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Sherwin, John C, of .\urora, III., was born in 
 St. Ijiwrence County, .N. Y., February S. 18:W; re- 
 ceived an aeadennc education at (iouverneur 
 Wesleyan Seminary in New York and Lombard 
 Cniversity in Illinois; studiiMl law; twice eleetetl 
 to the otlice of county clerk of Kane County, III.; 
 city attorney for Aurora; served three years in 
 the war of the rebellion in the Kighty-niiith Illi- 
 nois Volunteers; discharged at the clo.se of the 
 war; elected to the Forty-sixth Congress as a He- 
 publican; reelected to the Forty-Seventh Conyre.ss. 
 
 Sherwood, Henry, was born at Rridgeiiort, 
 Conn., October !', 1817; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; studied law, and practiced successfully; held 
 several local ollices; elected a Rejire.sentative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Forty-.second Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Sherwood, Isaac R. , was born in Dutchess 
 County, N. Y., .\ugust l.S, 1.8,35; received a classi- 
 cal education; studied law; moved to Bryan, tlhio, 
 in 1857, and established the Williams Cmmty (ia- 
 zette; jirolale judue; resigned to enter tlie I'nion 
 .\rmy asa private; after four months commissioned 
 lieutenant in the One hundred and eleventh (»hio 
 Volunteer Infantry; appointed adjutant, major, 
 lieutenant-colonel, and brevetted brigadier-general; 
 after the war resumed newspaper work; elected 
 secretary of state of t)hio 18G8 and 1870; elected a 
 Representatixe from Ohio to the Forty-thinl Con- 
 gress as a Republican. 
 
 Sherwood, Samuel, was a native of New York; 
 received a liberal education; studied law. and )irac- 
 ticedat Delhi, N. Y.; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Thirteenth Congress as a Feder- 
 alist; died in New York C^ity November 8, 1862. 
 
 Sherwood, Samuel B., was born in Connecti- 
 cut in 17t)7; graduated from Yale College in 17.8ti; 
 stuiliedlaw.and began practice at Saugatuck, Conn.; 
 mendier of the State house of representatives; 
 elected a Re|)resentative from Connecticut to the 
 Fifteenth Congress; died at Saugatuck, Conn., 
 April 27, 18:«. 
 
 Shiel, George K. , was a native of Ireland; 
 emigrated to the Cnited States and located hi 
 Oregon; elected a Representative from Oregon to 
 the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Shields, Benjamin G., resideti at Demopolis, 
 .Via.; received a liberal education; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from .Ualiama to the Twenty-.seveiith 
 Congress as a Whig; charge d'affaires iu S'tuezuela 
 1845-18.50. 
 
 Shields, Ebenezer J. , was a native of < Jeorgia; 
 moved toTenncsseeand loeatedat I'ulaski; elected 
 a Keiiresentative from Tennessee to the Tweuty- 
 fourtli and Twentv-lifth Congresses as a ^\■big; 
 died .May 20, 184ti." 
 
 Shields, James, vraa born in County Tyrone, 
 Ireland, in ISIO; emigrated to the Cnited States; 
 studied law and loeatedat Kaskaskia, III.; servt'd 
 in the Stale house of representatives in 18:iti; 
 auditor of State l.snil, and supreme court judge in 
 1843; General l>andOfliceConimissionerlS45-1847; 
 served through the Mexican war; brevetted major- 
 general; Cnited States Senator from Illinois as a 
 Democrat l.H4!t-18.55; moved to Minnesota; elected 
 a Cnited States .Senator from Minnesota, .sieving 
 from 1858 to 18,59; moved to California; .served in 
 the Union Army; located in Carroll County, Mo.; 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 797 
 
 appointed adjutant-general of the State in 1877; 
 United States Senator from Missouri from Janu- 
 ary 24, 1879, to March .S, 1879; died at Ottumwa, 
 Iowa, .Tune 1, 1879. 
 
 Shields, James, of Dicks Mills, Ohio; was 
 elected a Representative from that State to the 
 Twentv-first Congress as a Jackson Democrat; 
 died Jidy 17, 1S31. 
 
 Shinn, William N. , was a native of New Jersey; 
 farmer; elected a Representative from New Jersey 
 to the Twenty-third Congress as a Jackson Demo- 
 crat, and leelected to the Twenty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Shipherd, Zebulon B,. , was a native of Wash- 
 ington County, N. Y.; elected a Representative 
 
 from New York to the Thirteenth Congress as a 
 Federalist. 
 
 Shippen, William, was horn at Philadelphia, 
 Pa., flctober 1, 1712; graduated from Princeton 
 College in 1754; studied medicine in Europe, and 
 on his return to Philadelphia founded the Medical 
 School of Philadelphia; Delegate to the Continen- 
 tal Congress 1778-1780; died at Germantown, Pa., 
 Novendjer4, 1801. 
 
 Shively, Benjamin F., of South Bend, Ind., 
 was liorn in St. Joseph County, Ind., March 20, 
 1857; taught school 1874-1880; engaged in journal- 
 i.sm; accepted the secretaryship of the National 
 Antimimopoh' organization in 1883; elected to 
 the Forty-eighth Congress as a National Anti- 
 monopolist, to fill the vacancy caused by the 
 resignation of William H. Calkins; reelected to the 
 Fiftieth, Fifty-first, and Fifty-second Congresses 
 as a Democrat; defeated as the Democratic candi- 
 date for governor of Indiana in 1896. 
 
 Shober, Francis E., was born at Salem, N. C, 
 March 12, 1831; graduated from the University of 
 Nortli Carolina in 1851 ; studied law, and began 
 practice in 1854; served in both branches of the 
 North Carolina State legislature; elected a Repre- 
 sentative fri.im North C'arolina to the Forty-first 
 and Forty-second Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Shoemaker, Lazarus D. , was born at Kings- 
 ton, Pa., Novembers, 1819; graduated from Yale 
 College in 1840; studied law, and began practice at 
 Wilkesbarre, Pa. ; State senator 1886-1868; elected 
 a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Forty- 
 second Congress as a Republican; reelected to the 
 Forty-third Congress. 
 
 Shonk, George W., of Plvmouth, Pa., was born 
 at Plymouth, Pa., April 26, 1850; educated at 
 Wyoming Seminary, Kingston, Pa., and Wesleyan 
 University, Middletown, Conn., graduating from 
 the latter institution in the class of 1873; aclmitted 
 to the bar of ],uzerne County, Pa., September 29, 
 1876: practiced his profession at \VilkesbaiTe; 
 elected to the Fifty-secoud Congress as a Repub- 
 lican. 
 
 Shorter, Eli S., was born at Monticello, Ga., 
 IMarch 15, 1823; graduated from Yale Ciillege in 
 1843; studied law, and jiracticed at Eufaula; 
 became a planter; elected a Representative from 
 Alabama to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat ; reelected to the Tliirty-fifth Congress. 
 
 Shoup. George Ij., of Salmon City, Idaho, was 
 horn at Kittauning, Armstrnng County, Pa., June 
 15, 1836; educated in the public schools of Free- 
 port and Slate Lick; moved with his father to 
 Illinois in June, 1852; engaged in farming and 
 stock raising near tialesburg until 18.5,S; moved to 
 Colorado in 1859; engaged in mining and mercan- 
 
 tile pursuits until 1861; in September, 1861, en- 
 listed in Captain Backus's independent company 
 of scouts, and soon thereafter commissioned second 
 lieutenant; during the autumn and winter of 1861 
 engaged in scouting along the base of the Rocky 
 Mountains; ordered to Fort Union, N. Mex., in 
 the early pprt of 1862; kept on scouting duty on 
 the Canadian, Pecos, and Red rivers until the 
 sjjring of 1863; during this time promoted to a 
 first lieutenancy; ordered to the Arkansas River; 
 liad been a.ssigned in 1862 to the Second Colorado 
 Regiment of Volunteer Infantry, l:)ut retained on 
 fluty in the cavalrj- service; assigned to the First 
 Colorado Regiment of Cavalry in ]May, 1863; 
 elected to the constitutional convention to prepare 
 a constitution fnr tlie proposed State of Colorado 
 in 1864; immediately after performing this .service 
 returned to active duty in the Army; commis- 
 sioned colonel of the Third Colorado Cavalry in 
 September, 1864, and mustered out in Denver 
 with the regiment at the expiration of term of 
 service; engaged in mercantile imrsuits in Vir- 
 ginia Cit}', Mont., in 1866, and during the same 
 yearestablisheil a luisiness at Salmon City, Idaho; 
 engaged in mining, stock raising, mercantile, 
 and other business in Idaho; member of the Ter- 
 ritorial legislature during the eighth and tenth 
 sessions; delegate to the national Republican con- 
 vention in 1880; member of the Republican 
 national committee 1880-1884; United States com- 
 missioner for Idaho at the AVorld's Cotton Centen- 
 nial Exposition at New Orleans, La., in 1884-85; 
 again placed on the Republican national commit- 
 tee in 1888; ajipointed governor of Idahci Terri- 
 tory, 1889, which position he held until elected 
 governor of the State of Idaho October ], 1890; 
 elected to the United States Senate as a Repub- 
 lican December 18, 1890, and took his seat Decem- 
 ber 29, 1890; reelected in 1895, serving until 
 March 3, 1901. 
 
 Showalter, Joseph Baltzell, of Butler, Pa., 
 was born in Fayette County, Pa., February 11, 
 1851; received a public school and academic edu- 
 cation, and taught school for six years; studied 
 medicine at Long Island College Hospital, Brook- 
 lyn, and at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, 
 Baltimore, graduating from the latter institution; 
 jjracticed medicine for a number of years at Chi- 
 cora. Pa. ; engaged in the production of petroleum 
 and natural gas; elected to the Pennsylvania 
 house of representatives in 1886 as a Republican 
 for a term of two years; elected to the Pennsylva- 
 nia State senate in 1888 for a terra of four j-ears; 
 chairman of committee on health and sanitation; 
 elected to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty -sixth Congresses, 
 and reelected to the Fifty-seventh Congress as a 
 Republican. 
 
 Shower, Jacob, was a native of ^laryland; 
 elected a Representative from ^Marjdand to the 
 Thirty-third Congress as an Independent. 
 
 Shuford, Alonzo Craig, of Newton, N. C, was 
 liorn in Catawba County, N. C, jNIarch I, i.S.58; 
 educated in the common schocjls of the county 
 and at Newton College; engaged in agricultural 
 pursuits; joined the Alliance in 1889; made county 
 lecturer and later district lecturer; elected dele- 
 gate to the labor conference in St. Louis in Feb- 
 ruary, 1892; also delegate for the State at large to 
 the Populist convention in Omaha July 4, same 
 year; elected vice-president of the State Alliance 
 in 1894; elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a 
 PopulLst; reelected to the Fifty-fifth Congress. 
 
 Sibley, Henry H., was born at Detroit Mich., 
 February 20, 1811; received a limited education; an 
 
798 
 
 CONORESSIONAL UIRKCTUKY. 
 
 lnilii\ii trailer; cli'itcd n Di'lccatc Inmi Wisconsin 
 Territory to tlu- Tliirtictli ('onuress; i-lectt'il ii 
 l)i'lc}.'ato from Minin'sota Territory to tlie Thirty- 
 first and Tliirty-wrond Congresses; governor of 
 Minnesota 1S.'),S: 8erv»'<l in the I'nion Army and 
 brevetteil niajor-jreneral; dii'd at SI, Paul, Minn.. 
 Feliruary IX, IM'Jl. 
 
 Sibley, Jonas, was liorn at .button, M;iss., 
 ^lareh 7, ITiH'; rei'eivol a liberal edncatioii; lielil 
 several local ollices; served seventeen successive 
 years as a member of tho State lionseof represent- 
 atives; State senator in 1X1!>; Presidential elector 
 in ISL'l); electeil a Hepresentative from Massachu- 
 setts to the Kifjhteenth Coufrress as a Jteniocrat; 
 defeated for reelection; died at Sutton, Maes., 
 February 10, 1.S:14. 
 
 Sibley, Joseph Crocker, of I'ranklin. Vi'iianno 
 County. I'a., was born at Friendship, N. Y., Feb- 
 ruary IS, 1N')(I; manufacturer and farmer: elected 
 to the Fifty-third and Fifty-si.\th ConnresseB as a 
 Democrat, anil reelected to the Fifty-seventh and 
 Fifty-eifrhlh Contrresses as a Republican. 
 
 Sibley, Mark H., was born at (treat Barrini.'- 
 ton, Mass.. in I7'."i; receiveil a lil>eral education; 
 studied law. and in 1S14 iK'^ran practice at Canan- 
 daifiua, X. Y. ; State representative I.s:i4-8.T; elected 
 a Representative fr<im New York to the Twenty- 
 fifth Contire.-s as a Whi^; State .senator in bH41; 
 county judfre in 1S47; died at Canandaijrua, X. Y., 
 Peptemlier 8, 18.52. 
 
 Sibley, Solomon, was liorn at Sutton, Ma.ss., 
 October 7. I7(l'.i; received a liberal education; 
 studic'l law, and in I7!l-i moved to .Marii-tta, ( ihio, 
 wlu-re he liejian ]iractice; moved to Ilelroit in 171I7; 
 elected a Kepresentative from Michif.'an Territory 
 to the Sixteenth Congress (vice \V. \V. \Vooi{- 
 bridire, resi{:ne<l|; reelected to the .Seventeenth 
 ConjireRs; appointe<l judge of the State supreme 
 court lS2-l-18;i<i; died at Detroit. Mich., Ajiril 4, 
 1S4t5. 
 
 Sickles, Daniel Edgar, of New York City, 
 was born at the city of New York < Ictoher 20, 182.5; 
 printer; studied law in the Xew York rniversity; 
 mend per of assembly 1847; major Twelfth National 
 (iuarils 18.52; corporation attorney ]8.5:{; secretary 
 of lejration, London. 18.5:!-18.55; State senator 18.5()- 
 57; nominateil by Democratic caucus for I'nited 
 States Senator lS.5(i; elected to Thirty-sixth Con- 
 press 1 8.5(1 ; reelecl<-(l bS.5S; entered the .\rMiy .\pril. 
 18(>1; colonel First Excelsior Hri^'ad<' .lune, 18(il; 
 l>rijradier-treneral September, 18(11 ; served throujrli 
 Peninsular campai^rn 181)2, connnanding F.xielsior 
 Kri<.'ade in Hooker's Tlivision. Third Corjis; major- 
 peneral Xovend)er, 1M()2, coMunanding Sei'ond Di- 
 vision. Third Corjis; under Ileintzelman, covering 
 (ieiieral McClellan's commMiiications, .\ntietam 
 camjiaigns; conuuanded Third Army Corps in 
 Chancellorsville ami ( .ettysliur-.' campaigns; com- 
 inaniled lle[)arlment of South Carolina ami Second 
 military ilistrii-t, embrju'ing North and .South 
 Carolina. lS(ii-18ti7; apj)ointed colonel Forty- 
 wcond Infantry, V. S. Army (Veteran Reserve 
 Corps) !.'<()(>; mustered out of volunteer service 
 .Tannary, 18(38; transferre<l to the relireil list on 
 accoinit of wounds receiveil in battle, with the 
 rank of major-gem-ral, C S. .\rmy. .\pril, 18(>H; 
 special njission toSontli .\mericaii l!epnbli<'S 18()5; 
 minister to llollanil ISdd (ileclined); minister to 
 Mexico 18()!» (declined); minister to Spain 18011- 
 187.5; chairman of Xew York State civil service 
 conunission lM88-8it: sheriff of Xew York 18(10; 
 elected to the Fifty-third Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Sickles, Nicholas, was a native of Kinderhook, 
 X. Y.; electe<l a Representative from New Yiirk 
 to the Twenty-fourth Congress as a Democrat; 
 ■ lieil at Kingston, N. Y.. May l.'l, 1845. 
 
 Sill, Thomas H., was a native of Connecticut; 
 receiveil a liberal education; sludieil law, and \n-- 
 giui practicing at Krie, Pa., in lisl2: electe<l a 
 Rei)re.«entative from Pennsylvania to the Nine- 
 teenth Congrc-s ( viie Patrick Farrelly, deceased) 
 as a Whig; elected to the Twenty-first Congrc-s; 
 Presidential elector on the Tavlor and Fillmore 
 ticket in ]s4.s. 
 
 Silsbee, Nathaniel, was lx)rn in F^ssex County, 
 Mass., in 177:i; received a lil)eral education; mer- 
 chant; held several local offices; electeil a Repre- 
 sentative from Massachusetts to the Fifteenth and 
 .Sixteenth Congres-Ses as a j)emocrat; member of 
 the State house of repre.-vntatives in \X'2l ami of the 
 senate 1823-1825; elected a I'nited States .Senator 
 as a Democrat (vice James Lloyd, resigned), serv- 
 ing from 1826 to 1835; died at Salem, Mass., July 
 1, 1850. 
 
 Silvester, Peter H. , was a native of Xew York ; 
 received a limited education; held several local 
 otHces; elected a Rejjresentative from Xew Yiirk 
 to the First Congress; State senator 17!t7-l.s(H»; 
 died at Kinderhook, X. Y., January liO, 1.S45. 
 
 Simkins, Eldred, was born in K<lgefield Dis- 
 trict, .S. C., August 2ii, 1779; receiveil a cla.ssical 
 education; studied law, and began practice at 
 Edgefield Courthouse in 1800; siTved several 
 terms in the State legislature; elected a Represent- 
 ative from South Carolina to the I'ifteentli and 
 Sixteenth Congre.'jses ; declined a reelection: died 
 in ICdgelield District, S. C. in 1832. 
 
 Simmons, Fumifold M., of Xewl)em, X. C, 
 
 was born in .Tones County, X. ('..January 20. 1854; 
 grailuated from Trinity College in North Carolina 
 in 1873; stuitied law, ami admitted to the bar in 
 Xovemijer, 1875; move<l to Xewl>ern, X. C, in 
 1870, wliere he practicefl his profes.sion; elected to 
 the F'iftieth Congress a.s a Democrat; ai>pointed 
 collector of internal revenue for the fourtli collec- 
 tion district of Xorth Carolina in 18(13. and served 
 in that office during the term of Mr. Cleveland; 
 in the campaigns of 1892, 1.S08, and I9(K1 chairman 
 of the Democratic executive lomndttee of the 
 State; received the degree of LL. D. from Trinity 
 College, North Carolina, June, 1901; elected Ui 
 the I'nited .states Senate to succeed lion. Marion 
 Butler, Populist, and took his seat March 4. 1901. 
 
 Simmons, George A., was bf>rn in New 
 Hampshire in 1791; graduated from Davlinouth 
 College in 1810; studied law. and began practice 
 at Keeseville, N. Y.; elected a Kepresentative 
 from New York to the Thirty-third Congress as a 
 Whig; reelected to the Thirty-fourth Congress: 
 died at Kee.-evilie, N. Y., ()ctolier27, 1857. 
 
 Simmons, James Fowler, was born at Little 
 Compton, R. L, September 10, 1795; received a 
 classical education; farmer; st-rved in the lower 
 branch of the Slate legislature 1828-1841; fnited 
 States Senator frfnii Rhoile Island 1.H41-I.S47; 
 again electeil, serving from December 7, 18.57, to 
 Decenil«'r, 1802, when he resigned; died at John- 
 son, R. L, July 10, 1804. 
 
 Simms, William E., of Paris, Ky.. was a 
 native of that Stale; received a limited education; 
 elected a Representative from Kentucky to tlie 
 Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 799 
 
 Simon, Joseph, of Portland, Oreg., wa? bom 
 in Germany in 1851, anrl came to this country with 
 his parents when but 1 year old, going to Oregon 
 in 1857; has continuously resided in the city of 
 Portland ; obtained his education in the public 
 schools of Portland: admitted to the bar in 1872; 
 member of the law tirni of Dolph, Mallory & 
 Simon; elected to the city council of Portland in 
 1877, and served as a member of that body three 
 years; elected secretary of the Republican State 
 central committee in 1878, and managed the State 
 campaign of that year; chosen chairman of the 
 Rejjublican State central committee of Oregon in 
 1880, 1884, and 1886, and had charge of the State 
 and national campaigns of those years in Oregon; 
 delegate to the Republican national convention 
 which met at Minneapolis in 1892, and selected as 
 the member of the national committee for Oregon; 
 elected to the State senate from Multnomah 
 County in 1880, 1884, 1888, 1894, and 1898; chosen 
 president of the senate at the sessions of 1889, 
 1891, 1895, and 1897 and at the special session of 
 1898, and, the State having no lieutenant-governor, 
 he presided over the senate and over the joint 
 conventions of both houses; elected to the United 
 States Senate as a Republican October 6, 1898, to 
 till a vacancv that had existed since March 4, 
 1897, servingunti! March 3, 1903. 
 
 Simonds, William Edg-ar, <if Canton, Conn., 
 was born at Collinsville, in the town of Canton, 
 county of Hartford, Conn., November 24, 1842; 
 educated in the Collinsville graded and high 
 schools, and graduated from the Connecticut State 
 Normal School, at New Britain, and the Yale Law 
 School; engaged in the practice of law at Hart- 
 ford, and iilled the lectureship on j)atent law at 
 the Yale Law School; author of different books 
 pertaining to patent law; member of the Con- 
 necticut house of representatives in 1883, and 
 house chairman of the joint standing committee on 
 railroads; speaker of the house for the session of 
 1885; enlisted as a private in Company A, Twenty- 
 fifth Connecticut Regiment of Infantry, August 
 18, 1862: promoted to be sergeant-major before 
 muster into the L'nited States service: promoted 
 to be second lieutenant of Company I of his regi- 
 ment at the battle of Irish Bend, La., April 24. 
 1863; discharged from service Vjy rea.«on of e.xpira- 
 tion of his term, August 26, 1863; elected to the 
 Fifty-first Congress as a Republican; secured the 
 passage through the House of Representatives of 
 an international copyright bill; France made him 
 a chevalier of the Legion of Honor in 1893; Com- 
 missioner of Patents 1891-1893; died at Hartford, 
 Conn.. :March 14, 1903. 
 
 Simons. Samuel, was born at Bridgeport, 
 Conn., in 1777; received an academic education; 
 held several local offices and taught school; 
 elected a Representative from Connecticut to the 
 Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat; died at 
 Bridgeport, Conn., Januaiw 13, 1847. 
 
 Simonton, Charles Bryson, of Covington, 
 
 Tenn., was born in Tipton County. Tenn., Sep- 
 tember 8. 1838: graduated from Erskine College, 
 South Carolina, in August, 18-59: enlisted as a pri- 
 vate in the Confederate service in April, 1.861; 
 subsequently elected second lieutenant, and after- 
 wards captain; severely wounded in the battle of 
 Perryville, October 8, 1862, and disabled from any 
 further active duty during the war; elected clerk 
 of the circuit court of Tipton County in ilarch, 
 1870; admitted to the bar, and began the practice 
 of law in May, 1873: member of the house of rep- 
 resentatives of Tennessee in 1877 and 1878: at one 
 
 time edited the Tipton Record, a paper published 
 at Covington, Tipton County, Tenn. ; elected to the 
 Forty-sixth Congress as a Democrat ; reelected to 
 the Forty-seventh Congress; Presidential elector 
 on the Democratic ticket in 1892; appointed by 
 Presirlent Cleveland L'nited States district attorney 
 for the western district of Tennessee in 1895, 
 serving until 1898. 
 
 Simonton, William, was a native of Hummels- 
 town. Pa.; received a limited education; elected 
 a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Twentv-sixth Congress; died at South Hanover, 
 Pa., May 18, 1846. 
 
 Simpkins, John, was bom at New Bedford, 
 Mass., June 27, 1862; attended the public schools 
 of Yarmouth; prepared for college at St. Mark's 
 School, Southboro; graduated from Harvard Uni- 
 versity in 1885; served in the Mas.sachusetts senate 
 in 1890 and 1891; Pre.sidential elector for Harrison 
 and Reid in 1892; president of the Republican club 
 of Mas-sachusetts in 1892 and 1893, and member of 
 the Massachusetts Republican State committee in 
 1892, 1893, and 1894; elected to the Fifty-fourth 
 Congress as a Republican; reelected to the Fiftv- 
 fifth Congress: died March 27, 1898. 
 
 Simpson, Jerry, of Medicine Lodge, Kans., 
 was bom in the Province of New Brunswick, 
 March 31, 1842; when 6 years of age his parents 
 moved to Oneida County, X. Y.; at tlie age of 14 
 began life as a sailor, which pursuit he followed 
 for twenty-three years; during his career as a sailor 
 had command of many large vessels on the Great 
 Lakes; during the early part of the civil warserved 
 for a time in Company A, Twelfth Illinois Infantry, 
 but contracting a disease he left the service; drifted 
 to Kansas in 1S78 and lived 6 miles fronj Medicine 
 Lodge, Barber County, where he engaged in farm- 
 ing and .stock raising; Republican originally, cast- 
 inghis first vote for the second election of Abraham 
 Lincoln; twice ran for the Kansas legislature on 
 the Independent ticket in Barber County, but de- 
 feated both times by a small plurality; nominatel 
 to the Fifty-second Congress by the People's Party, 
 and elected liy the aid of the Democrats, who in- 
 dorsed his nomination; reelected to the Fifty-third 
 and Fifty-fifth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Simpson, John, was elected a Representative 
 from Kentucky to the Thirtieth Congress, but did 
 not take his seat, as he served as captain in the 
 war of 1812, and was mas.sacred at the River Raisin, 
 January 22, 1813. 
 
 Simpson, Richard F. , was a native of South 
 Carolina; graduatefl from the L'niversity of South 
 Carolina in 1816; studied law, and began practice 
 at Pendleton: held- several local offices; elected a 
 Representative from South Carolina to the T«-enty- 
 eighth. Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth Congresses 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Sims, Alexander Dromgoole, was bom in 
 Brunswick County. Va., June 11. 1803: graduated 
 from Union College, Schenectady, X. Y. ; took 
 charge of the Darlington (S. C.) Academy in 1826; 
 studied law, ami began practice at Darlington; 
 member of the State house of representatives 
 1840-1844; elected a Representative from South 
 Carolina to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Con- 
 gresses, serving until December 1, 1845, when he 
 died, at Kingstree, S. C, November 11, 1848. 
 
 Sims, Leonard H. , was a native of Xorth Car- 
 olina; received a limited education; moved to 
 Springfield, Mo.; held several local offices; elected 
 
800 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL UIKK( TdKV. 
 
 a Roprescntative from Missouri to tlif Tweiity- 
 iiintli ( 'onj.'ri'S.H lU" a lU'iiiocrat. 
 
 Sims, Thetus Willrette, was born April •_'•'>, 
 1S.">L', in Wayne Coiiiity, Tcnn.; rearc(l on a I'anii; 
 ediu'ateil at Savaiiiiali Collcjii', Savaiiiiali, Tenii.; 
 ^railuatol iroiii tin- law lU-partiiii'tit of the Clini- 
 l>erlanii I'liiversity at ].et)aiioii, Teiiii., Jitiie lS7tl; 
 located at IJiuleii, Temi.: elected county snperiii- 
 teiiiieiit of iiuhlic instruction for Perry County, 
 Tenn., in lss:i, ami held that otlice for two years; 
 cliosen an elector on the Cleveland and .'Steven- 
 son ticket in 1W»2; elected to the I'ifty-lilth, Fifty- 
 .sixtli, Fifty-sevent and Kifty-eijihth (."ongresses as 
 a l)eniocrat. 
 
 Singiser, Theodore F. , of Boise City, Idaho, 
 was horn at Churchtowii, Cninl)erland County, 
 Pa.. March 15, 1S4.t; received a common school 
 eilucation, and learned the art of printinjr: eiiterecl 
 the nd'.itary service of the I'nited States as a pri- 
 vate in Company K. Sixth Ucfiiment I'ennsylvania 
 Reserves, June li, IStil; eniiafieil with his rejiiment 
 in the campaigns and battles of the .\rmy of tlie 
 Potomac up to and inchuiin^ .Vntietam: hoiiorahly 
 discharged in IVhruary, ISO.S; reentered theArmv 
 in June. l.Sti.!, as captain of Company A, Tweutietii 
 Rejrinient. I'ennsylvania Cavalry, and in active 
 service with his command until thesprinjrof l.S(>."i, 
 when hnnorahly dischartred; after the close of the 
 war en^rayed in meriantile aiul editorial ]iursuits; 
 assistant assessor of internal revemie l.stiiMiT; 
 studied law and admitted to the liar; employed in 
 the Cuited StatesTreasury from June, LST.i, to lS7Vt; 
 appointed receiver of |inl)lic moneys at Oxford, 
 Idaho, in Keliruary, l.'^Tit, vacating said olHce to 
 acce|it thesecretaryshipof tht> Territory, to which 
 lie was ai)pointe(l DecemU^'r L'l*, I.SSO; actinj; S"V- 
 ernor of Idaho during' the winter of 1SS1-,S2; 
 elected to the Forty-eighth Congre.ss as a Hepnh- 
 lican; after leaving Congress engaged in mining. 
 
 Singrleton, James W., of Quincy, 111., was 
 liornat I'axton, \"a., Novcudier 2.'i, ISII; educated 
 at tin- Winchester I Va. ) Academy: moved to 
 Illinois in ISIW; lawyer hy jirofession; serverl six 
 terms in the legislature: memlier of the conven- 
 tion fif 1S47 that formed the constitution; also a 
 member of the Constitutional convention of l.Slil; 
 elected hrigaiiier-general of Illinois militia in 
 1844; president of and constructed the t^uincy 
 and Toledo Railroad; also president of and con- 
 structed the t^iincy, .\llon and St. Louis Rail- 
 road; elected to the Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, 
 and Forty-ninth Congresses as a Deinocrat. 
 
 Singleton, Otho R. , was lioni in Jes.«ainine 
 Comity, Ky., Octolier 14, 1S14; ivceived a cla.ssi- 
 cal education, graduating from ,St. Joseph's Col- 
 lege, Kardstown, Ky.; studied law and graduated 
 from the Lexington LawSchooland practiied law; 
 moved to .Mississipjii in l.'^IW; member of the .Mis- 
 sissippi house of representatives two years, and of 
 the Mississippi senates! X years: Presidential eli'ctor 
 on the Pierce and King ticket in 1.S5-; liepresenla- 
 tive from Mississippi to the Thirty-third. Thirty- 
 fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses, retiring Janu- 
 ary 12, 1.*<H1: a rejiresentative from Mississippi in 
 the Confederate Coiigre.ss ISlil-lSti.'S; elected to the 
 Forty-fourth, Fortv-lifth. Forty-sixth, Forfy- 
 .seveiitli. Forty-eiudith. and Furty-uiuthCungres.aes 
 as a Democrat; died in ls,Sit. 
 
 Sing-leton, Thomas D., was a native of South 
 Carolina; received a common school ediu'ation: 
 helil- several local offices; elected a Kepre-senta- 
 tive from South Carolina to the Twentv-tliird 
 
 Congress as a Nullifier, and dieil, l>eforo taking his 
 seat, in \s:iX 
 
 Sinnickson, Clement H., w.is horn in Salem 
 County, X. J., SpptemU'r Iti, IH.U; graduated from 
 I'nion College, New York, in IS-Vi; studied law. 
 and in IK.iS began practice at Salem, N. J.; cap- 
 lain in the Union .\rmy; electeil a Repre.sentative 
 from New Jersey to the Forty-fourth and Forty- 
 fifth Congres.ses as a Kepulilican. 
 
 Sinnickson, Thomas, was born in Salem 
 County, N. .1., in 174.i: received a liberal t><lui-a- 
 tion; merchant; captain in the Revolutionary 
 .\rmy; held .-ieveral local offices; niemlier of the 
 .State hou.se of representatives; elected a Rejire- 
 sentative from New Jersey to the First ami Fifth 
 Congresses; died at .Salem, N. J., May 1.5, 1817. 
 
 Sinnickson, Thomas, was born at Salem, N. J., 
 
 I)eceniber l.S, 17S(i; merchant; studied law and 
 practii'cd; niendierof the ."^tate house of represent- 
 atives; judge of the court of conimou pleas for 
 twenty years; electeil a Repre.sentative from New 
 Jersev to the Twentieth Congress (vice IL Thomp- 
 .«on, deceased i; died at .Salem, N. J. 
 
 Sipe, William Allen, of Pittsburg, Pa., was 
 born near Harrisonville, Fulton Coimty, I'a., July 
 1, 1S44; receiveil his education in the public schools 
 of his native lountyand at the Cassville Academy, 
 Cassville, Huntingdon County, I'a.; read law; ad- 
 mitted to the bar in .\ugust, 18li5, practiced law in 
 lluntirigilon till January, lSti7, when he moved to 
 Imlianapolis, Ind., where he practiced till Decem- 
 ber, IsfiS; moved to Pittsburg, Pa., Deceinlier, 
 18t;,s, where he iiracticed law; elected to the Fifty- 
 .secoiKl Congress as a Democrat to till the unex- 
 pired term of A. K. Craig, decea.sed; took his .-^eat 
 December 5, 1892; reelected to the Fifty-third 
 Congress. 
 
 Sitgreaves, Charles, was born at Kaston, I'a., 
 Ajiril 22, l.so:); moved with his jiareiits to New 
 Jersey in l.HtW; received a classical education: stud- 
 ied law and practiced; menilierof the State assem- 
 blv 1831-l,s:«: memlier of the legislative council 
 ls"H4-:55; State senator of New Jei-sey I851-1,S.54; 
 elected a Representative from New Jersey to the 
 Thirty-ninth and Fortieth C^ imrres.''es as a Demo- 
 crat; engaged in banking and railroadlUsr, died at 
 Phillipsliurg, Pa., March 17, 1878. 
 
 Sitgreaves, John, was born in Ncwliprn, N. C, 
 
 about 1740: studied law and began practice in his 
 
 native town; served in the Revolutionary Army; 
 
 member of the Continental Congress 1784-So; 
 
 i member of the house of commons 17.'<l>-17,*<9; 
 
 I I'niteil States district attorney for North Carolina 
 
 I in 1789 and occupieil the position until hedied.at 
 
 Halifax, N. C.. March 4. 1SI12. 
 
 Sitgreaves, Samuel, was born at Philadelphia, 
 Pa., March Hi, 17<i4; receiveil a limiteil education; 
 studieil law and began practiceat Kaston, Pa.; >lel- 
 egate to the State constitutional convention in 
 1790; elected a Uepre.sentative from Pennsvlvania 
 to the Fourth ami Fifth Congresses as a Feileral- 
 ist, ."erving from 1795 to 1798, when lie resigne*! to 
 . be<'oine a commissioner to treat with tireat Brit- 
 ain; died at Kaston, Pa., April 4, 1824. 
 
 Skelton, Charles, was a native of Pennsyl- 
 vania; moveil to Trenton, N. J., where he held 
 
 ; several local ollicf;.; elected a Representative 
 from .New .lersey to the Thirty-second and 
 
 ' Tliirty-lhinl Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Skiles, William Woodbum, of Shelby, Ohio, 
 was born at Stoughstown. Cumberland County, Pa., 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 801 
 
 December 11, 1849; with his parents moved to 
 Kiohlanil County in 1854; his early education 
 ol.itained in tlie district schools; afterwards took a 
 full college course at Baldwin University, Berea, 
 Ohio, graduating in 1876; admitted to the bar 
 July 24, 1878, and immediately opened an office at 
 Shelby; prominently connected with financial and 
 manufacturing institutions of Shelby, but devoted 
 his time entirely to Ids law practice; active in 
 State politics, being at one time a memlier of the 
 Eepulilican State central committee and of minor 
 committees; elected to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty- 
 eighth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Skinner, Charles E.. , of Watertown, N. Y., 
 was born at Union Square, Oswego County, X. Y., 
 August 4, 1844; received a common school and 
 academic education; journalist; elected member 
 of the board of education of the city of Watertown 
 in 1875, reelected in 1878, and again in 1881 ; served 
 in the New York assembly 1877-1881 ; chairman 
 of the committee on railroads in the sessions of 
 1880 and 1881 ; elected in 1881 to the Forty-seventh 
 Congress as a Republican, to fill the vacancy caused 
 by the resignation of Warner Miller; reelected to 
 the Forty-eighth; after leaving Congress became 
 editor of the Watertown Daily Republican, which 
 position he held until January 1. 1896, when he 
 became city editor of the Watertown Daily Times; 
 in April, 1886, appointed deputy State superin- 
 tendent cjf pubHc instruction and served six years; 
 in 1892 appointed supervisor of teachers' training 
 classes and teachers' institutes in the State depart- 
 ment of public instruction, serving until April, 
 1895, at which time he was elected State superin- 
 tendent of public instruction; reelected in 1898; 
 elected president of the National Educational As- 
 sociation in 1896. 
 
 Skinner, Harry, of Greenville, N. C, was born 
 in Perquimans County, N. C, May 25, 1855; at- 
 tended the Hertford Academy; read law at the 
 Kentucky University 1874-75, and licensed to 
 practice in North CaroHna in 1876; resided in 
 Greenville, N. C, and practiced his profession; 
 chosen by unanimous vote as town councilman in 
 1878; elected to the lower house of the North Caro- 
 hna legislature in 1890, and .=erved as chairman of 
 the committee on internal improvements, on the 
 judiciary committee, and chairman of the house 
 branch of the committee on redistricting the State; 
 served as chairman of the Democratic executive 
 committee of his county, chairman of the Demo- 
 cratic executive coumiittee of the First Congres- 
 sional district, and on the State central committee; 
 chairman of the Populist executive committee of 
 his county and on the State central committee; 
 trustee- of the vState University; elected to the 
 Fifty-fourth Congress as a Populist; reelected to 
 the Fifty-fifth Congress. 
 
 Skinner, Richard, was born at Litchfield, 
 Conn.. May 30, 177S; received a liberal education; 
 graduated from the Litchfield Law School and ad- 
 mitted to the bar; began practice at Manchester, 
 Vt., in 1800; Stateattornev for Bennington County 
 in 1801; judge of the probate 1806-1812; elected 
 a Representative from Vermont to the Thirteenth 
 Congress; associate judge of the State supreme 
 court in 1815, and chief justice in 1816; member 
 of the State house of representatives and speaker 
 in 1818; governor of Vermont 1820-1823; chief 
 justiceof the supreme court of Vermont 1824-1829; 
 died at Mancliester, Vt., May 23, 1833. 
 
 Skinner, Thomas Greg-cry, of Hertford, N. C, 
 was born January 21, 1842, in Perquimans County, 
 N. C. ; educated at the University of North Caro- 
 
 H. Doc. 458 51 
 
 Una; student at law 1866-67; obtained license to 
 practice law of the supreme court of North Car- 
 olina, January, 1868; never held a civil or mili- 
 tary office; elected to the Forty-eighth Congress, 
 as a Democrat, November 20, 1883, to fill vacancy 
 caused by death of Hon. W. F. Pool; reelected to 
 the Forty-ninth and Fift\'-first Congresses; re- 
 sumed the practice of law after leaving Congress; 
 elected to the State senate of North Carolina in 1898. 
 
 Skinner, Thomson J. , was a native of Massa- 
 chusetts; received a liberal education; elected a 
 Representative from Massachusetts to the Fourth 
 (vice T. Sedgwick, resigned), Fifth, and Eighth 
 Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Slade, Charles, received a public school educa- 
 tion; held several local offices; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Illinois to the Twenty-third Con- 
 gress as a Democrat, serving from December 2, 1833, 
 to July, 1834, when he died in Knox County, Ind. 
 
 Slade, 'William, was born at Cornwall, Vt., 
 May 9, 1786; graduated from Middleljury College 
 in 1807; studied law, and began practice in 1810 
 at Middlebury; engaged in editorial work; Presi- 
 dential elector on the Madison ticket in 1812; sec- 
 retary of state 1815-1823; judge of the Addi.son 
 County court; elected a Representative from Ver- 
 mont to the Twenty-second, Twenty-third, Twenty- 
 fourth, Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, and Twenty- 
 seventh Congresses as a W h ig ; reporter of d ecisions 
 of the State supreme court; governor of "S'ermont 
 1844-1846; died at Middleburv, Vt., Januarv 18, 
 1859. 
 
 Slater, James H., was born in Sangamon 
 County, 111., December 28, 1826; received a com- 
 mon school education; migrated to California in 
 1849; settled in Oregon in 1850; studied law, and 
 admitted to the bar in 1854; clerk of the district 
 court of the Territory of Oregon for Benton County 
 1853-1856; elected a member of the legislative as- 
 sembly of that Territory in 1857, and again in 
 1858, and at the same time elected a member of 
 the legislative assembly of the State of (.)regon; 
 elected district attorney for the fifth judicial dis- 
 trict in 1866; elected Presidential elector on the 
 Seymour ticket in 1868; elected a Representative 
 from Oregon to the Forty-second Congress; 
 elected to the United States Senate as a Democrat 
 to succeed John H. Mitchell, Republican, and tooli 
 his seat March 18, 1879, serving until March 3, 
 1885; after i-etiring from the LTnited States Senate 
 resumed the practice of law; appointeil as one of 
 the railroad commissioners of Oregon in 1889 and 
 served two years; died January 28, 1899. 
 
 Slayden, James L., of San Antonio, Tex., was 
 born June 1, 1853, in Graves County, Ky.; edu- 
 cated in the country schools of his native Stateand 
 at Washington and Lee University, Virginia; cot- 
 ton merchant; member of the twenty-third legis- 
 lature of Texas in 1892; declined reelection; elected 
 to the Fifty-fifth Congress as a Democrat ; reelected 
 to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth 
 Congresses. 
 
 Slaymaker, Amos, was born at London Lands, 
 Pa., March 11, 1755; received a limited edacation; 
 served in the Revolutionary Army; farmer; elected 
 a Reiiresentative fmni Pennsylvania to the Thir- 
 teenth Congress to fill the unexpired term of James 
 Whitehill, resigned, serving from December 12, 
 1814, to March 2, 1815; died at Salisburv, Pa., 
 June 12, 1837. 
 
 Siemens, William F., of Monticello, Ark., was 
 born in Weakley Countv, Tenn.. March 15, 1830; 
 
S02 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 i'<hicatO(l at Bt-lhi'l ("iilk'tic; iiiovimI to Arkaii.«iui in 
 1S'>L'; stiiilicil law; ailmittcil to the liar in IHoSaiid 
 practici'il until ISlil; nn'mlxT of the Arkansas 
 Stati' convention in IStil; cntcrcil the ('iMil'cilfiate 
 army in .Inly, ISlil, ami hitvimI tliron^'li tin' war, 
 afliT w liic-li ri'.-'iimeil the practiro of law; (•k-(ti'<l 
 district attorney in ISllli, ami lc;;islate(l out of oflicc 
 in ISliS; elected a Hepresentative from the Second 
 Congressional district of Arkansiis to the I'orty- 
 fourth, Forty-fifth, and Korly-sixth Congresses as 
 a Democrat. 
 
 Slidell, John, was horn in New York in ITiK!.' 
 received a liliiral education; studied law and hcfran 
 practice at Xew Drleans; Cidled States district 
 attorney 1829-1833; elected a Kepresentative from 
 Louisiana to the Twenty-eifihth ('on}.'ress as a 
 State Kiirhts ])emocrat; reelected to the Twenty- 
 ninth Congress, and resigned Novend>er 1(1, lS4r), 
 having heen a|ipointed minister to Mexico, but 
 that (iovernment refused to accei)t him; elected 
 United States Senator from Louisiana (vice I'ierre 
 Soule, resigned) and reelected, serving from 1S")3 
 to LstU ; retired from the Senate and afterwards 
 expelled; arrested at llahana on the iMiglish mail 
 steamer Trent while on his way to I'',n'..;land, and 
 brought to the I'nittMl States and contineil in Kort 
 Warren; soon released and .sailed for Kngland 
 .lanuary 1, 1862; died at London, July L'9, 187L 
 
 Slingerland, John I., was Ixirn in Albany 
 County, X. Y., March 1, ISO-I; attended the |iub- 
 lic schools: farmer; State representative in 1843; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Thirtieth Congress as a Whig; died at Albany. 
 October 21), ]S(n. 
 
 Sloan, A. Scott, was born at Morrisville, N. Y'., 
 in ISL'll; received an academic education; stu<lied 
 law anil began practice at Morrisville; clerk of 
 ^ladison County court in 1847; moved in 18.i4 to 
 Wisconsin and located at Beaverdam; memlier of 
 the Wisconsin hou.se of representatives in 1856; 
 aiipointed juilgeof the circuitcourt in ]S.i8; elected 
 a Representative from Wisconsin to the Thirty- 
 seventh Congress as a Re|>ul)lican; died in 189.'). 
 
 Sloan, Andrew, was born at McDonougli, Ga.. 
 .June 111, is4.i; receiveila classical education; stud- 
 ied law anil began practice in 186H: moved to 
 Savannah; deputy collector of customs; resumed 
 the practice of law; elected a Representative from 
 Cieorgia in 1872, but Morgan Rawls received the 
 certificate of election and obtained the seat; con- 
 tested and obtained the seat March 24, 1874. 
 
 Sloan, Ithamar C, was a native of Madison 
 County, N. Y'.; received a jiublic school education; 
 studied law, and began practice at Janesville, 
 Wis., in 1854; elected a Rejireseiitative from Wis- 
 consin to the Thirty-eighth and Thirty-ninth Con- 
 gress as a Reindilican; died in 1898. 
 
 Sloan, James, Wiis a native of New Jersey; 
 held several local oftices; elected a Representative 
 from New Jersev to the Eighth. Ninth, and Tenth 
 Congre.>sses; dieil in filoucester County, N. J., 
 Novendier, 1811. 
 
 Sloane, John, was born at York, I'a.. in 1779; 
 moved to ( Ihio; received a liberal education; State 
 representative 1804-1806; Cnited States receiver 
 of jiublic moneys at Canton 18(W-1816, and at 
 Wiioster 1816-1819; elected a Representative from 
 Ohio to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Kighteenth, 
 Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses; clerk of 
 the court of common jileas for seven vears; secre- 
 tarv of state for Ohio three vears; rnited States 
 Tn-a«urer 18.50-18.=i3; died at "Wooster. Ohio. May 
 15, 1856. 
 
 Sloane, Jonathan, wa« a native of Ma.ssachu- 
 setts; moved to (Ihio; elected a Representative 
 from Ohio to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth 
 Congresses as a Whig. 
 
 Slocum, Henry Warner, was born at Iielphi, 
 N. Y., .^eplembei L'4. IS27; graduated from West 
 I'oinI in ls52and became .second licMitenant. First 
 Artillery; served in the Seminole war. and pro- 
 moted to lirst lieutenant; resigned his connnis- 
 sion ()itober31. 1.S.56; settled at Syracuse, N. Y., 
 and admitted to the bar, having studied law while 
 in the Army; elected to the State legislature in 
 18.59; entered the I'nion .\rmy as colonel of the 
 Twenty-seventh New York Volunteers; wounded 
 at the first battle of I?ull Run; i)romoted to brig- 
 adier-gcniral, major-general ot Volunteers; re- 
 signed his commission September 28, 1865, and 
 returned to Itrooklyn; defeated as the Democratic 
 candidate for .secretary of state of New Y'ork; 
 Presidential elector in 1868; elei'ted a Representa- 
 tive from New York to the Forty-first and Forty- 
 second Congres.ses lus a Democrat; electdl a Rep- 
 resentative at large from New York to the Forty- 
 eighth Congress; died at Rrooklvn, X. Y'..' April 
 14; IS94. 
 
 Slocumb, Jesse, was Imrn in North Carolina in 
 1782; received a liberal education; held several 
 local otlices; elected a Representative from North 
 Carolina to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses 
 as a Federalist; died at Washington, D. C.. Decem- 
 ber 20, 1S20. 
 
 Sloss, Joseph H., was born at Sonierville, Ala., 
 October 12, 1826; received a lil)eral education; 
 studied law and began practice at Edwardsville, 
 111., in 1849; mend)er of the legislature 185.S-.59; 
 returned to .\labama; served in the Confederate 
 army; mayor of Tn.-'cnndiia, Ala.; elected a Rep- 
 re.«eiitative from Alabama to the Forty-second 
 Congress as a Conservative Democrat; reelected to 
 the Forty-third Congress; defeated for the Forty- 
 fourth Congress. 
 
 Small, John Humphrey, of Washington, N. C, 
 was born .\ugust 29. I,s5s, at Washimxton, N. C; 
 educated in the schools of Washington, and at 
 Trinity College, North Carolina; left college in 
 1876 and taught school from 1876to Ls.8(i; licen.sed 
 to ]iraitice law in January, 1S81; elected reading 
 clerk of the State senate in 1881 ; elected superin- 
 tendent of publii- instruction of Reauf..rt County 
 in the latter part of i.s.sl; elected and contimu'd 
 to serve as solicitor of the inferior court of Beau- 
 fort Countv from 1882 to 1885; iiroprietor and 
 editor of tlie Washington (iazette from 18,^3 to 
 1886; attorney of the board of coimnissioners of 
 Beaufort County from bS88 to 1896; mendver of 
 the city council "from .May, 1887, to May. 189(1. nnd 
 for one y<'ar during that period was mayor of 
 Washington; i hairman of the Demoiralie execu- 
 tive connnittee of the First ('ongre.s.«ional district 
 in 1888; <-hairnuin of the Democratic executive 
 connnittee of Bi^aufort Comity from 18.89 to 1898; 
 Democratic Presidential elector in the First Con- 
 gressional district in 1S9(); for several years chair- 
 man of the imblic school connnittee of Washing- 
 ton; elected to the Fifty-sixth. Fifty-seventh, and 
 Fifty-eighth ('ongre.sscs as a Democrat. 
 
 Small, William B., was a native of. Linnngton, 
 Me.; received a thorough Knglish education; 
 studied law, and in 1846 began practice at New- 
 market, N. IL; solicitor of Rnckiiigham County; 
 State senator in 18"0; elected a Re|>resentative 
 from New Hampshire to the Forty-thinl Congress; 
 died April 7. 1875. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 803 
 
 Smalls, Robert, of Beaufort, S. C, was born 
 at Beaufort, S. ('., April -i, lS:i9; being a slave, 
 was del)arred by statute from attending school, 
 but educated himself with such limited advantages 
 as he could secure; moved to Charleston in 1851, 
 worked as a rigger, and led a seafaring life; be- 
 came connected in IStil with the Planter, a steamer 
 plying in Charleston Harbor as a transport, which 
 he" took over Charleston bar in 'Slay, 1862, and de- 
 livered her and his services to the commander of 
 the United States blockading squadron; appointed 
 pilot ill the U. S. Navy, and served in that capacity 
 on the monitor Keokuk in the attack on Fort Sum- 
 ter; served as pilot in the tjuartermaster's Depart- 
 ment; promoted as captain for gallant and meri- 
 torious conduct Decemlier 1, 1SH:3, and placed in 
 command of the Planter, serving until she was put 
 out of commission in 1866; elected a member of the 
 State constitutional convention of 1868; elected a 
 member of the State house of representatives in 1S68, 
 and of the State senate, to till a vacancy, in 1870, 
 and reelected in 1872; appointed lieutenant-colonel 
 of the Third Regiment South Carolina State Militia; 
 afterwards ajipointed brigadier-general of the Sec- 
 ond Brigade South Carolina State Militia, and sub- 
 sequently appointed major-general of the Second 
 Division South Carolina State Militia, which office 
 he held until the reorganizati(]n of the militia in 
 1877, under the Democratic administration of the 
 State; delegate to the national Republican conven- 
 vention at Pliiladelpliia in 1872 which nominated 
 Grant and "Wilson, and also to the national Repub- 
 lican convention which met at Cincinnati in 1876 
 and nominated Hayes and Wheeler; elected to the 
 Forty-fourth Congress, reelected to the Forty-fifth 
 Congress and defeated as a candidate for the Forty- 
 sixth Congress; elected to the Forty-seventh Con- 
 gress; the certificate of election was given to his 
 ojiponent, but the House decided that he had re- 
 ceived, as the Republican candidate, 1-1,893 votes, 
 against 12,904 for George D. Tillman, Democrat, 
 and lie was seated July 19, 1882; reelected to the 
 Forty-eighth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by 
 the death of Eibnund W. SI. ilackey; reelected to 
 the Forty-ninth Congress; apjiointed collector of 
 the port of Beaufort, S. C. 
 
 Smart, Ephraim. K. , was born at Prospect, 
 JNIass. (now Searsport, Me.), in 1813; received a 
 liberal education; studied law and began practice 
 at Camden; postmaster at Camden in 1838; State 
 senator 1841 and 1842; moved in 184.3 to Missouri, 
 and returned to Camden in 184.5; again served one 
 term as postmaster of Camden; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Maine to the Thirtieth and Thirty- 
 second Congresses as a Democrat; collector of cus- 
 toms at Belfast 1853-1858; again a member of the 
 State house of representatives 1858, and of the sen- 
 ate 1862; moved to Biddeford in 1869 and estab- 
 lished the Maini' Democrat. 
 
 Smart, James S., was born at Baltimore, Md., 
 June 14, 1842; graduated from Jefferson College, 
 Pennsylvania, in 1863; served in the Union Army 
 1861-1865; engaged in newspaper work; elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Forty-third 
 Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Smelt, Dennis, was a native of Georgia; re- 
 ceived a limited education; elected a Representa- 
 tive from (ieorgia to the Ninth, Tenth, and Elev- 
 enth Congresses. 
 
 Smilie, John, was born in Ireland in 1741; 
 emigrated to Pennsylvania when (|uite young; re- 
 ceived acommon school education; elected a Rep- 
 resentiitive from Pennsylvania to the Third Con- 
 gress; Presidential elector in 1797; elected to the 
 
 Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, 
 and Twelfth Congresses; died at Washington, D. 
 C, December 30, 1812. 
 
 Smith, A. Herr, of Lancaster, Pa., was born 
 in Manor Township, Lancaster County, ^March 7, 
 1815; graduated from Dickinson College in 1840; 
 studied law at Lancaster; admitted to the bar in 
 1842, and followed his profession; elected to the 
 house of representatives of the State of Pennsyl- 
 vania in 1843, and reelected in 1844; electeil to the 
 State senate in 1845; elected to the Forty-third, 
 Forty-fourth, and Forty-fifth Congresses, and re- 
 elected to the Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and 
 Forty-eighth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Smith, Albert, was born at Hanover. Mass., 
 January 3, 1793; graduated from Brown I'niver- 
 sity in 1813; studied law and began practice at 
 Portland in 1817; a member of the State house of 
 representatives in 1820; United States marshal fur 
 the district of Maine 1830-1838; elected a Rei>re- 
 sentative from JIaine to the Twenty-sixth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; defeated for reelection; died 
 at Boston, :Mass., jNIay 29, 1867. 
 
 Smith, Albert, was a native of Batavia, N. Y. ; 
 received a liberal education; held several local 
 offices; elected a Representative from New Y^ork 
 to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Smith, Arthur, was born in Isle of Wight 
 County, Va., November 15, 1785; graduated from 
 William and Mary College; studied law, but did 
 not practice; .served in the war of 1812; State rep- 
 resentative; elected a Representative hxnn Vir- 
 ginia to the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Con- 
 gresses; died at Smithfield, Va., March 30, 1853. 
 
 Smith, Ballard, was a Representative from 
 Virginia to the Fourteenth, Fifteenth, and Six- 
 teenth Congresses. 
 
 Smith, Bernard, was born at Norristown, 
 N. J., in 1776; received a liberal education; held 
 several local offices; postmaster at New Bruns- 
 wick; elected a Representative from Xew Jersey 
 to tlie Sixteenth Congress; apjiointed register of 
 the land office at Little Rock; died at Little Rock, 
 Ark., July 16, 18:!5. 
 
 Smith, Caleb Blood, was liorn at Boston, Mass., 
 April 16, 1808; accompanied his parents to Ohio 
 in 1814; graduated from the Miami University; 
 studied law and began practice at Connersville, 
 Ind. ; founded and edited the Indiana Sentinel in 
 1832; State representative 1833-1836, the last year 
 as speaker; elected a Repre.sentative from Indiana 
 to the Twenty -eighth. Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth 
 Congresses; "Presidential elector in 1840; moved 
 to Cincinnati, Ohio, wdiere he practiced law; 
 Presidential elector on the Fremont ticket in 1856; 
 Secretary of the Interior under President Lincoln 
 1861-62, and resigned to become judge for the 
 district of Indiana; died at Indianapolis, Ind., 
 January 7, 1864. 
 
 Smith, Charles Brooks, was born in Wood 
 County, Va. (now AVest A'irginia), February 24, 
 1844; received a common school education; enlisted 
 in the Union Army at the age of 19, and mustered 
 out in 1865; twice elected mayor of the city of 
 Parkersburg; elected sheriff and treasurer of the 
 county of Wood in 1880, and served a term of four 
 years; delegate at large to the national Republican 
 convention at Chicago in 1888; elected to the 
 Fiftv-first Congress as a Republican; died Decem- 
 ber "7, 1899. 
 
804 
 
 CONOBESSIUNAL UIKECTORV. 
 
 Smith, Daniel, wu." Imiri in Kiuniiiier (uiinty, 
 Va., alujiit 1740; one nt" tlu' earliest sottlers iti Teii- 
 nt-a't'e; a|>iMiiiite<l l)y I'le.siileiit Wasliiii^'liin nee- 
 retary ul tlie territory south of the Ohio Uiver 
 January 7, 17VtO; a general of militia; apiiointed 
 a I'liiteil States Senator from Tenues-'ie I in i)laee 
 of Andrew Jackson, resigneil), servintr from De- 
 cember ;i, 17!IS, to March :i, 17it!t; elected a Senator 
 from Tennessee, serving from I>eiemlier L', ISO.'), 
 to 180St, when he resigneil; died iuSuujiierCountv, 
 Tenn., July Iti, ISIS. 
 
 Smith, David Highbaugh, of Ilodgensville, 
 Larue County, Ky.. was horn December 111, 1S.")4, 
 in llart County, Ky., near Ilamnionville; edu- 
 cated in the |niblic schools of that vicinity and at 
 the colleges at Horse (-ave, Leilclilield, and Hart- 
 ford, all in Kentucky ; practiced law; elected 
 county attorney for Larue County in August, for 
 the term of four years; elected sui)erintendi'nt of 
 common schools for Larue County in October, 
 1S7,S; resigned the office of county attorney, and 
 in August, ISSl, elected to represent LarueCounty 
 in the liouse of rei)reseiitutives of the general as- 
 sembly for two years; elected to represent the 
 thirteenth .senatorial district in the State .senate in 
 August, l.sS.'i, for the term of four years; reelected 
 in August, 18S11, for four years; while in the State 
 senate chairman of general statutes committee and 
 member of committees on rules and judiciary; the 
 new constitution, adopteil by the State in l.sitl, 
 create«t the ollice of jiresident pro temiiore of the 
 senate: at tbelirst meeting of the senate thereafter 
 he was chosen unanimously l>y the Democratic 
 members for that position and elected fortheterm 
 of two years, at the end of which term was again the 
 unanimous choice of the Democrats for the place, 
 and again elected for a second term of two years; 
 elected to the Fifty-tiftli, Fifty-sixth, and Vifty- 
 .seventh Congresses, and reelected to the I'ifty- 
 eighth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Smith, Delazon, was born at Berlin, X. Y., 
 in l.*^b>; graihiated from Oberlin College inOhioin 
 1837: studied law and adriitted to the bar; edited 
 the True Jeffersonian, at HochestiT, N. Y., and 
 the Western Km pi re, at Dayton, Ohio; moved to 
 Iowa Territory in l.'^jtiand (ireached: moved from 
 there to ( )regon Territory* in 1S.")L'; mendier of the 
 Territorial hou.se of repiesentatives in l.s.")4-l.S.nt); 
 delegate to the constitutional convention in 18.^7; 
 elected a United. States Senator from Oregon as a 
 Democrat and served from February 14, 18.')il, to 
 March .S. l,S.i9; died at Portland, t)reg., Novem- 
 ber IS, I.SHO. 
 
 Smith, Dietrich C, of I'ckin, 111., was born at 
 Ostlriesland, Hanover, April 4, 1840; emigrated 
 to the Fnited States and resided in Pekin, HI., 
 after 1849; entered the rnion .Army in l.Slil: lieu- 
 tenant of Company I, Kighth Illinois Volunteer 
 Infantry; left the service as captain of Company 
 C, One hundred and thirty-ninth Illinois Volun- 
 teer Infantry: member of the thirtieth general 
 assendily of the State of Illinois; for many years 
 a banki-r and manufacturer and some experience 
 in the construction an<l management of niilroads 
 ill niincjis; elected to the Kortv-seventh Congre.ss 
 as a Kepiililican; after expiration of his term in 
 Congress eiigaL'ed in the banking business. 
 
 Smith, Edward Henry, wa.s born at Smith- 
 town. Long Island, in I.SO!'; attendeil the imblic 
 .si-hools; farmer; helil .several local otlices; electtil 
 a Hepre.seiitative from New York to the Thirty- 
 seventh Congress as a Fusion candidate. 
 
 Smith, Francis 0. J., was born at Brentwood, 
 N. II., Novi-mlier •_':;, IsOli; received a limited edu- 
 cation; studied law and began practice at Portland: 
 member of the .State house of representatives in 
 l.S.'il and of the State senate in l8.S:i, an<l its presi- 
 ilent; electe<l a Kepresentiitive from Maine to the 
 Twenty-thinI ( 'ongrcss as a Democrat; reelectcrl to 
 the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-lifth Congresses; 
 defeati'd for ri-election to the Twentv-sixth Con- 
 gress; died at Deering, ile., October 14, 187(5. 
 
 Smith, George, of Pennsylvania, was elected 
 a Ki'presentative from that State to the Eleventh 
 and Twelfth Congres.«e.s. 
 
 Smith, George L., was born in Ilillsboro 
 County. X. 11., DecemlK-r 11, 1,S40; received a lib- 
 eral eduction; served in the rnion .\nny; after 
 the war located at Louisiana and engaged in mer- 
 cantile pui-suits; held several local ottices; engaged 
 in newspaper work; elected a Keiire.sentative from 
 Louisiana to the Forty-third Ccjiigress, vice Samuel 
 Peters, deceased. 
 
 Smith, George W., of Murphysboro, 111., was 
 born in Putnam County, Ohio, August 18, 184»>; 
 rai.sed on a farm in Wayne County, III., to which 
 his father moved in 18.50; learned the trade of 
 bhu-ksnuthing: attended the common schools: 
 graduated from the literary <le]iartment of McKen- 
 dree College at Lebanon, 111., in bStiS; read law 
 in Fairlield, 111., after which he entered the law 
 de]jartnient of the university at Bloomington, Inci., 
 from which he graduated in 1S70; admitted to the 
 jiractice of law by the supreme court of Illinois 
 the same year; Republican elector for his Con- 
 gressional diftrict in 18S0 (then the Eighteenth) 
 and cast the vote of the district for (iarfield and 
 .\ithur; elected to the Fiftv-tirst, Fiftv-second, 
 Fiftv-third. Fifty-fourth, Fifty-lifth, Fifty-sixth, 
 and Fifty-sexenth Congres.ses, and reelected to the 
 Fifty-eighth Congress sis a Republican. 
 
 Smith, Gerrit, was bom in Utica, X. Y., March 
 t>, 1797; graduated from Hamilton College in 1818; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar in 1.S53; 
 elected a Representative from X'ew York to the 
 Thirty-third Congress as an Ultra Abolitionist; 
 died in Xew York City December 28, 1874. 
 
 Smith, Green Clay, was born at Richmond, 
 Ky., July 2, 1832; graduateil from Transylvania 
 University in 1,849; studied law, and beg-an prac- 
 tice in 1S.V.'; a second lieutenant in the Mexican 
 war; enlisted in the Union Army as colonel in 
 
 ' l.Slil; appointe<l brigadier-general in l.st)2 ami 
 major-general in 1S()3; elected a Representative 
 
 1 from Kentucky to the Thirty-eighth Congress as a 
 
 i Union candidate; reelected to the Thirty-ninth 
 Congress, serving until 18(iti, when he resigned to 
 bei'ome governor of Montana, which position lie 
 
 ; held until l.HliH; ordained to the ministry of the 
 liaptist t'hunb in l.siKi and settled at Frankfort, 
 Ky.: became an evangelist, and in 1870 Wits the 
 candidate of the Xational Prohibition party for 
 President of the United .States; jiastor of the 
 Metropolitan Baptist Church at Washington, 
 
 I D. C in 1890, and died there Jime 29, 1895. 
 
 Smith, H. Boardman, was born at Whiting- 
 ham, \l., August IS. l,s-_>ti: receive<l a classical ed- 
 
 ' iication: graduated from Williams College, .Mass., 
 ill 1847: studied law, and began practice in Xew 
 York; held several local offices; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New York to the Forty-second and 
 
 , Forty-third Congresses as a Republican. 
 
BIOGKAPHIES. 
 
 805 
 
 Smith, Henry Cassorte, of Adrian, Mich. ; 
 graduated I'rcii]] Adrian Ccillege in 1878; admitted 
 to tlie i)ractiiv of the law September 25, 1880; 
 elected to the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh Con- 
 gresses as a Republiean. 
 
 Smith, Henry, of Milwaukee, Wis., was born 
 in the city of Baltimore, Md., July 22, 1838; the 
 same j-ear moved with his parents to Massillon, 
 Stark County, Ohio; moved to Jlilwaukee in 1845; 
 received a public school education; millwright; 
 member of the common council of Milwaukee 
 from 1868 till 1872; member of the Wisconsin leg- 
 islature in 1878; again a member of the common 
 couni'il from 1S80 till 1882; city comptroller from 
 1882 till 1884, and fmui that date a member of the 
 common cuuncil until February 14, 1887; elected 
 to the Fiftieth Congress as the People's Party 
 candidate. 
 
 Smith, Hezekiah B. , was born at Bridge water, 
 Vt., July 24, 1816; received a common school edu- 
 cation; learned the trade of a cabinetmaker; for 
 many years engaged in ]ierfecting and manufactur- 
 ing wood-working machinery; elected to the Forty- 
 sixth Congress as a Democrat and Greenbacker: 
 died at Smithville, X. J., November 3, 1887. 
 
 Smith, Hiram Y. , was born at Piqua, Ohio, 
 March 22, 184,3; received an acadeuiic education, 
 and graduated from the AUiany Law School in 
 1866; admitted to the bar and commenced jiractice 
 at Des Moines, Iowa, in 1866; district attorney of 
 the fifth judicial district of Iowa 1875-1879; mem- 
 ber of the State senate in the nineteenth and 
 twentieth general assemblies 1882-1884; elected 
 to the Forty-eighth Congress as a Republican, to 
 till the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of 
 John A. Kasson; died November 4, 1895. 
 
 Smith, Isaac, was a native of Pennsylvania 
 and a Representative from that State to the Thir- 
 teenth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Smith, Isaac, born at Trenton, N. J., in 1736; 
 graduated from Princeton College in 1755; studied 
 law and practiced; elected a Representative from 
 New Jersey to the Fourth Congress as a Federalist; 
 a judge of the superior courts of New Jersey; died 
 at Trenton, N. J., August 29, 1807. 
 
 Smith, Israel, was born at Suffield, Conn., April 
 4, 17-59; graduated from Yale College in 1781; 
 studied law, and began practice at Rupert, Vt. ; 
 moved to Rutland, Vt. ; delegate to the constitu- 
 tional convention in 1791; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Vermont to the St'comi Congress as a 
 Democrat; reelected to the Third and Fourth Con- 
 gresses; appointed chief justice of the supreme 
 court in 1797; elected to the Seventh Congress; 
 elected a United States Senator from Vermont 
 1803-1807, when he resigned to become governor 
 of Vermont 1807-8; Presidential elector in 1809; 
 died at Rutland, Vt., December 2, 1810. 
 
 Smith, James, was horn in Ireland in 1720; 
 when 9 yeai'S of age came to the United States with 
 his father and located in Pennsylvania; attended 
 the iniblic schools; studied law, and liegan practice 
 at Shippingport, but afterwards moved to York; 
 raiseil a couipany for the purjiose of resisting Great 
 Britain in 1774; delegate to the Pennsylvania con- 
 vention of January, 1775; member of the Continen- 
 tal Congress 1776-1 778; member of the State house 
 of representatives in 1780; died at York, Pa., July 
 11, 1806. 
 
 Smith, James, jr., of Newark, N. J., was born 
 in that city June 12, 1851; manufacturer of patent 
 
 and enameled leather in Newark; elected to the 
 United States Senate as a Democrat to succeed 
 Hon. Rufus Blodgett, Democrat, servius from 
 March 4, 1893, to March 3, 1899. 
 
 Smith, James S., wa.« a native of l>range 
 County, N. C. ; studieil medicine and practiced at 
 Hillsboro; elected a Representative from North 
 Carolina to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Smith, Jedediah K., was born in New Hamp- 
 shire in 1770; received a liberal education; studied 
 law and practiced; elected a Representati\-e from 
 New Hampshire to the Tenth Congress; died in 
 1828. 
 
 Smith, Jeremiah, was born at Peterboro, N. H., 
 November 29, 1759; received a classical e<lucation 
 at Rutgers Cijllege, New Jersey, where lie gradu- 
 ated in 1780; served in the Revolutionary Army; 
 studied law and began practice at Dover, N. H. ; 
 elected a Representative from New Hampshire to 
 the Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Congresses; 
 United St. tes district attorney for the district of 
 New Hampshire 1798-1800; Presidential elector in 
 1809; governor of New Hauipshire 1809-10; died 
 at Dover, N. H., Septeml er 21, 1842. 
 
 Smith, J. Hyatt, was born at Saratoga, N. Y., 
 April 10,1824; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Forty-seventh Congress as the Inde- 
 pendent candidate; died at Brooklvn, N. Y., De- 
 cember 7, 1886. 
 
 Smith, John, was horn at Barre, Mass., August 
 14, 1789; attended the common schools: moved 
 to St. Albans, Vt.; studied law, and in 1810 began 
 practice; State attorney for Franklin County 1826- 
 1832; served nine years as member of the general 
 assembly, ami sjieaker three terms; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from \'ermont to the Twenty-sixth 
 Congress as a Democrat; defeated for reelection; 
 became interested in constructing railroads: died 
 at St. Albans, Vt., November 26, 1858. 
 
 Smith, John, was born in Hamilton Countv, 
 Ohio, in 1735; elected a United States Senator 
 from Ohio as a Democrat 1803-1808; resigned; 
 charged with having been connected with Burr 
 and Blcnnerhassett, and came near being expelled 
 from the Senate; died in Hamilton Countv, Ohio, 
 July 10, 1816. 
 
 Smith, John, was born at Brookhaven, N. Y., 
 February 12, 1752; received a liberal education; 
 State representative 1784-1799; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New York to the Fifth Congress 
 (vice J. N. Haven, deceased) as a Democrat; 
 reelected to the Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Con- 
 gresses, resigning February 23, 1804, when he took 
 his seat in the United States Senate ( vice De Witt 
 Clinton, resigned), .serving to March 3, 1813; 
 United States marshal for the district of New 
 York 1813-1816; died at Brookhaven, N. Y.. 
 August 12, 1816. 
 
 Smith, John, was a native of Virginia; elected 
 a Representative from N'irginia to the Seventh, 
 Kighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, and 
 Thirteenth Congresses; died in JNIarch, 1836. 
 
 Smith, John A., was born at Hillsboro, Ohio, 
 September 23, 1S14: receive<l a classical education; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar; member of 
 the State legislature in 1.S41 and 1842; member of 
 the State constitutional convention of Ohio in 1851; 
 elected a Representative from Ohio to the Forty- 
 first and Forty-second Congresses. 
 
son 
 
 CONORKSSIONAL DIRKCTURY. 
 
 Smith, John Ambler, was Ihiiii at Villadf 
 View, Va., Se|>tt'iiilK'r 'S.i, 1S47; lefeiviMl a lil«>ral 
 eilucation; studiiKi law. ami in lH(i7 be^an i>rai'- 
 tice; held several local ullices; electeil a repre- 
 sentative to the State senate in ISIHl; eleeted a 
 Representative from \'ir;;inia to llie Korty-thinl 
 Con;:ress as a Kepiililiean; resnnieil the praetieeof 
 law in Wasliitiirtoii, 1). (.'., and clied there Jannarv 
 t), lWt2. 
 
 Smith, Johu Cotton, was horn at Sharon, 
 Conn., Feliniary \'2. 17(i.'i; fintdnateil froni Yale 
 0)llet;e in 17S.S: studied law, and t>e>ran pnutiee at 
 Sharon; Stale representativi' 17it:!. 179li, l.HOO, 
 serving the last year a.s speaker; eleeted a Kepre- 
 sentative from (.'onneetient to the .'^ixth Congress 
 (viee .). Hraee, resi^;ned ) as a Federalist; reeleete<l 
 to the Seventh, Ki>rlith. and Ninth ('onj»res.se.s, 
 resifininsr in Aujinst, l."<0(i; jud);e of the supreme 
 court in 1S09: lientenant-};ovenn>r in 1810; gov- 
 ernor of Connecticut l.'^l.'i-lSlS; died at Sharon, 
 Conn., HecemlHT 7, 1845. 
 
 Smith, John Q,. , was born in Warren County, 
 Ohio, Novemher .1, 1824; atteniled the common 
 schools; farmer; State senator ISiiO-l.Siil and 1S72- 
 187:5; State repre.sentative l.S(>2 and 18(a; elei'ted 
 a Hepresentative from Ohio to the Forty-third 
 Conirress as a Keinihliian. 
 
 Smith, John Speed, was Ixjrn in Jessamine 
 County, Ky., ,luly .SI. 1792; received a common 
 school education; served in the Indian campai;.'U 
 in ISIS under <ieneral Harrison; mi'UilnTof the 
 State house of representatives in LSI!); elected a 
 Keiire.-'entative from Kentucky to the Seventeenth 
 Contiress as a Democrat; ajjain a mendier of the 
 State house of representatives and one term as 
 speaker; I'nited States attorney for the ilistrict of 
 Kentucky; died at Kichmond, Ky.. June (5, 18.")4. 
 
 Smith, John T., was a native of l'hilailel|ihia, 
 I'a.. received a connnon school education; elected 
 a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Smith, Jonathan B., was horn at Philadel- 
 phia. I'a.. Feliruary '_'!. 1742; received a thorough 
 English cducatii>n and graduated from Princeton 
 College in 17tiO; Delegate from Pennsylvania to 
 the Continental Congress 1777-78; ilied at Phila- 
 delphia. Pa., June lt>, 1812. 
 
 Smith, Joseph S., was Ixirn in Fayette County. 
 I'a.,.lune 20. 1824; atlendc(l the common .schools; 
 studied law and jiracticed; jiroscciiting attorney for 
 the third judicial clistrict of Washington Territory 
 in l.S.i.">; elected to the legislature and speaker of 
 the house of that Territory; Cniteil States district 
 atturney of Washington Territory lor two years; 
 re.signed, anil moved to Oregon; elected a Rejire- 
 sentativi' from (Oregon to the J'orty-lirst Congress 
 as a Dcnioci-at. 
 
 Smith, Josiah, was born at Pembroke, Ma.ss., 
 in 174.1; graduated from Harvard College in 1774; 
 studied and practiced law ; a member of the State 
 legislature; elected a Representative from Miussa- 
 eliusetts to the Seventh Congress; died .March 28, 
 180:i. 
 
 Smith, Marcus Aurelius, of Tucson, Ariz., 
 was born near Cynthiana, Ky., .lamiary 24, 18.">2; 
 e<lncated at the Transylvania Iniversity. Lexing- 
 ton, Ky.; lawver by profession; moved toArizona 
 in 1881, and tlie foilowing year was elei-ted prose- 
 cuting attorney of his district; electe<l to the Fif- 
 tieth, Fifty-lirst, Fifty-second, Fifty-third, and 
 Filty-lifth Congre.s.-'es, and reelected to the Fifty- 
 scvenlh Congress as a Deuiocrat. 
 
 Smith, Melancthon, was born at .laniaica, 
 N. Y., in 1724; a Representative from New York 
 to the Continental ('ongress 178.">-17K,S; died at 
 New York City. .Inly 2<,), 1798. 
 
 Smith, Merriwether, was born at Rathurst, 
 Va., in 17:iO; received a liberal education; serve*! 
 several yeai-s as a nuMuber of the colonial and .State 
 house of representatives; delegate to the Revolu- 
 tionary conventions of 1775 and I77l>; delegate to 
 the State conventi(.n that adopted the Federal 
 Constitution; Delegate from Virginia to the Conti- 
 nental Congress 1778-1782; died January 25, 1790. 
 
 Smith, Nathan, wa-s Inirn at Woodbury, 
 Conn., .lanuary 8, 17(i9; reiciveil a thorough 
 Fnglish I'ducalioii; studied law and began practice 
 at New Haven; served several yeai-s as a member 
 of the State house of rejiresentatives; delegjile to 
 the Hartford convention of Fe<lcralists in 1S14< 
 I'nited States attorney for Connecticut; electeil a 
 Cniteil States Senator from Conne<'ticut as a Whig, 
 serving from Decemlx'r 2, 18:5.'j, to Decemlwr (>, 
 18.S5. when he <lied. at Washington, D. C. 
 
 Smith, Nathaniel, was born at Woodbury, 
 Conn., .lanuary li, 17ti2; attended the imblie 
 schools; studied law and i>racticed at Woodbury; 
 served in both branches of the State legislature; 
 elected a Representative from Connecticut to the 
 Fourth and Fifth Congresst's as a Federalist; judge 
 of the supreme court of Connecticut I79t>-1819: 
 died at Woo<ibury, Conn., Mareli 9, 1822. 
 
 Smith, O'Brien, elected a Representative from 
 South Carolina to the Ninth Congress. 
 
 Smith, Oliver Hampton, w:us born near Tren- 
 ton. N. .1., (titnliir 23, 1794; inoveil to Indiana in 
 1817, and attended the public schools; studied law, 
 and began practice at Indianapolis; a member of 
 the State house of representatives in 1S22; prose- 
 cuting attorney for the third judicial district 1824 
 and 1.S25; elected a Representative from Indiana 
 to the Twentieth Congress as a Jack.son DemiM'rat; 
 defeated for reelection; United States Senator from 
 Itidianaasa Whig 18;^7-1843: died at Indianapo- 
 lis, Ind.. March 19, 1849. 
 
 Smith, Perry, wivs born at Woodbury, Conn., 
 May 12. 17.s:!; received a liln-ral education; studied 
 law, and began jiractice at New .Milford, Conn.; 
 served several years as a niendier ot the State 
 house of representatives; a judge of ]irobate; 
 elected a Tnitc«l ."^tates Senator from Connecticut 
 iis a Democrat, serving from 18;{7 to 184:5; died at 
 New Milford, Conn., June 8, 1852. 
 
 Smith, B. Barnwell, of South Carolina, was a 
 keprcscntative from that .'^tate to the Thirty- 
 
 scvciilh CniiL'ress. 
 
 Smith, Richard, was born at liurlington, N. .1., 
 March 22, 17:i5; a Delegate from New Jersey to 
 the Continental Congress 1774-I77ti: died near 
 Natchez. Miss., in l.StW. 
 
 Smith, Robert, was born at Peterlwro, N. II.; 
 June 12, 18(r2; attended the public schools; farmer, 
 moved to Illinois and located at .\lton; served in 
 the State house of representatives 1,8:5()- 1.840; 
 elected a Representative from Illinois to the 
 Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, and Thirtieth Con- 
 gres.s<'s as a Democrat; elected to the Thirly-tifth 
 Congress: died at .\lton, III., December 21, r8ti7. 
 
 Smith. Samuel, was born at PeterUiro, X. II., 
 in 17117; received a lindteil iilucation; wall-pa|KT 
 maiuifacturer; elected a Representative from New 
 Hampshire to the Thirteenth Congress; died at 
 Peterooro, N. H.. January 17. 1842. 
 
BUHiRAPHIKS. 
 
 801 
 
 Smith, Samuel, was elected a Representative 
 from Pennsylvania tn the Ninth, Tenth, and 
 Eleventli Congresses. 
 
 Smith, Samuel, was liorn at Lancaster, Pa., 
 July L'7, I7ri2; attended the jmblio schools; served 
 in the Revolutionary war as captain, major, and 
 colonel; nienilierof the State legislature; elected 
 a Representative from Maryland to the Third, 
 Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh Congresses as a 
 Democrat; elei'ted a Ignited States Senator from 
 Maryland, serving from 1803 to ISlo; served in the 
 war of 1812; elected to the Fourteenth, Fifteenth, 
 Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Congresses, resigning 
 to liecome a United States Senator, and served from 
 1822 to 18:!3; mayor of Baltimore; died April 22, 
 1839, at Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Smith, Samuel A., of Doylestown, Pa., was 
 elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Twenty-tirst Congress as a Jackson Democrat; re- 
 elected to the Twentv-second Congress. 
 
 Smith, Samuel A. , was born in Monroe Coimty , 
 Tenn.. June 2i>, 1822; received a limited education; 
 studied law and began practice at Charleston, 
 Tenn.; delegate to the national Democratic con- 
 vention at Baltimore in 1848; elected a Rejjresent- 
 ative fnini Tennessee as a Democrat to the Thirty- 
 third, Thirty-fourth, and Thirty-tifth Congresses; 
 appointed by President Buchanan Commissioner 
 of the ( ieneral Land Office in 18ti0. 
 
 Smith, Samuel William, of Pontiac, Mich., 
 was born in the township of Independence, Oak- 
 land County, Jlich., August 23, 1852; educated at 
 Clarkston and Detroit, and, after a<lmission to the 
 bar of (!»akland County, gratluated from the law 
 department of the University of Michigan; elected 
 prosecuting attorney of Oakland County in 1880, 
 and reelected in 1882; elected State senator in 1884; 
 elected tothe Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-.seventh, 
 and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Smith, Thomas, was elected a Representative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Fourteenth Congress. 
 
 Smith, Thomas, was born near Aberdeen, Scot- 
 land, in 174.1; cameto the United !<tates and located 
 at Bedford, Pa., February 9, 1769; held several local 
 offices; served in the Revolutionary Army; dele- 
 gate to tlie State constitutional convention in 1 776; 
 served in the State house of representatives; mem- 
 ber of the Continental Congress 1780-1782; judge 
 of the supreme court of Pennsvlvania 1794-1809; 
 died at Philadelphia, Pa., June 16, 1809. 
 
 Smith, Thomas, was born in Pennsylvania in 
 1800; moved to Indiana; tanner; attended the 
 public schools; located at Versailles, Ind.; State 
 senator; elected a Representative from Indiana to 
 the Twenty-sixth, Twenty-eighth, and Twenty- 
 ninth Congresses; defeated as the Democratic can- 
 didate for the Twenty-seventh Congress. 
 
 Smith, Truman, was born at ^\'oodliary. Conn., 
 November 27, 1791; graduated from Yale in 181.5; 
 studied law and in 1818 began practice at Litch- 
 field; served in the State house of representatives 
 1831, 1832, and 1834; elected a Representative from 
 Connecticut to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty- 
 seventh Congresses as a Whig; Presidential elector 
 in 1844; elected to the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth 
 Congresses; elected a United" States Senator from 
 Connecticut, serving from 1849 to 1854, when he 
 resigned; moved to New York; died at Stamford, 
 Conn.. May 3, 1884. 
 
 Smith, Walter luglewood, of Council Bluffs, 
 Pottawattamie County, Iowa, was born at Council 
 
 Bluffs July 10, 1862; received a common school 
 education and studied law; admitted to practice 
 December, 1882; elected judge of the fifteenth 
 judicial district of Iowa in November, 1890, and 
 reelected in 1894 and 1898; elected in November, 
 1900, to the Fifty-sixth Congress as a Republican, 
 to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of 
 Hon. Smith McPherson, and at the same time 
 elected to the Fifty-seventh Congress; reelected to 
 the Fifty-eighth Congress. 
 
 Smith, William, was born at Baltimore, JId. , in 
 1730; a I>elegate from Maryland to the Continental 
 Congress 1777-78; elected a Representative from 
 Maryland to the First Congress as a Federalist; 
 Auditor of the Treasury July 16, 1791, to Novem- 
 ber 27, 1791; died at Baltimore, Md., March 27, 
 1814. 
 
 Smith, William, was a native of South Caro- 
 lina; received a thorough English education; lield 
 several offices; elected a Representative from 
 South Carolina to the First, Second, Third, 
 Fourth, and Fifth Congresses as a Federalist; 
 resigned July 10, 1797, to become minister to 
 Portugal; died September 9, 1801. 
 
 Smith, William, was born in North Carolina 
 in 1762; moved to South Carolina; received a 
 classical eilucation; studied law, and l)egan i)rac- 
 tice in York District, S. C. ; lield several local 
 offices; served in both branches of the legislature; 
 elected a Representative from South Carolina to 
 the Fifth Congress as a Democi'at; elected a Uniteil 
 States Senator (vice J. Taylor, resigne<l) as a 
 Democrat, and reelected in 1817, serving until 
 1823; defeated for reelection; again elected United 
 States Senator (vice J. Oaillard, deceased), serving 
 from 1826 to 1831; defeated for reelection; declined 
 the offer of judge of the Supreme Court of the 
 United States; moved to Huntsville, Ala., in 1833; 
 declined the appointment of associate justice of 
 the Supreme Court of the United .States in 183i); 
 member of the state legislature 183.5-1839; died 
 at Huntsville June 10, 1840. 
 
 Smith, William, was a native of Chesterfield, 
 Va. ; received a liberal education; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from N'irginia to the Seventeenth, 
 Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses. 
 
 Smith, William, was born in King George 
 County, Va., September 6, 1797; received a liberal 
 education; studied law and began practice at Cul- 
 peper; member of the State legislature; elected a 
 Representative from A'irginia to the Twenty- 
 seventh Congress as a Democrat (after contesting 
 the seat of Linn Banks); governor of Virginia 
 1845-1848; elected a Representative to the Thirtv- 
 third. Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth, and Thirty-sixth 
 Congresses; served in the Confederate Congress; 
 again a member of the State legislature; governor 
 of Virginia in 1863; died in Warrenton, Va., Mav 
 18, 1887. 
 
 Smith, William Alden, of Grand Rapids, 
 Mich., was liorn at Dowagiac, Mich., May 12, 
 1859; received a cnmmon school education; moveil 
 with his parents to Grand Rapids in 1872; studied 
 law; admitted to the bar in 1883; member of the 
 Republican State central committee in 1888, 1890, 
 and 1892; general counsel of the Chicago and West 
 Michigan, and Detroit, <,4rand Rapids and West- 
 ern railroad com[)anies 1886-1901; iiresident of 
 the Grand Rapids Herald Company; first vice- 
 president of the People's Savings Bank, of Grand 
 Rapids; honored with the degree of master of arts 
 bv Dartmouth College in June, 1901; elected to 
 the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty- 
 
808 
 
 (•(iNdHKSSlDN Al. lHUi:( roKV. 
 
 sfvt'iilh, mill Killy-ci;.'lilli ('iiii>;ri-s.si's as ii l{i'|>iil)- 
 liciin. 
 
 Smith, William Alexander, \v:i.i liorn in Wiir- 
 ri'ii Couiily, N. ('.. ,l;iMii;iry '.', Isl'S; attciiili'il llic 
 imlilu' ^^(■llllols; I'ariiuT; mk'IuIht of tlic ((iiiHtitii- 
 liimal ciinvi-nlioii in l.sti."i; Stiili' wiiatur in IS70; 
 pro.siilfnt (if the North Camlina Kailmad in ISliS, 
 and cil' the Yadkin Hivcr Kuilruail; cK-ctiMl a 
 Ui-Iin'«'ntalivc I'runi Ndrtli Carolina to tlie Korty- 
 third ('oM;.'rc^s as a K<'|>nl)lican. 
 
 Smith, William E., was liornat Anpusla, (ia., 
 Manli 14, ISL'i); reivived an acadoniic education; 
 stiulii'd law. a<linitted to the liar in 1S4S, iiniler a 
 siK'iial act of the Icirislaturc. an<l |iracticcd; also a 
 planter; eU^cteil onlinary of l)oiif;lii'rty Connty, 
 (ia., in l.S.'i:i; elected solicitor-f;cneral of tliesotitfi- 
 west circuit in IS'iS, and the same year aiipoiuted 
 by (iovernor Brown to (ill the vniexpired term of 
 John W. F.vans; nomiruited as! the can(hdateof the 
 I'nion iwirtv in Doufiherty County for the State 
 convention in ISdO, hut decline<l in favor of Hon. 
 Lott Warren: entered the Confeilerale army a.s a 
 volunteer in the Fourth (ieorgia \'olunleers, after 
 the State seceded; elected captain in April, 1S()2; 
 elected to the Confederate Contrress in 1S(1;>; elected 
 to the Forty-fourth. Forty-lifth, and Forty-sixth 
 Cunfire.s.-fs as a Deuux'rat; after leavinj; Congress 
 resumed the practice of law; died March 11, 1890, 
 at Albany, (ia. 
 
 Smith, William J., was born at Hirmintfhani, 
 Eni.'lai\d, Scpteudicr LM, 182.S; euii;;rated to the 
 I'nited Stales and located in Orange County, 
 N. Y.; jirinter; moveil to Tennessee in lS4t), ami 
 served in a regiment from that Slate in the .Mex- 
 ican war; located at Hardeman Counlvand en- 
 }.Mj.'ed in liorticulture; .served in tlie I'luon Army 
 ihnin^r the civil war; mendjer of the Stale house 
 of rcprt'sentatives and of the State senate; elected 
 a Ke|iresentative from Tennessee to the Forty-first 
 Con-jress as a Republican. 
 
 Smith, William N. H., wa.s born at Murfrees- 
 Vioro, N. ('., Septeiuber L'4, 1,S12; frraduated from 
 Yale Collc;.'e in 1S.'!4: stu<lied law, and began prac- 
 tice at Murfreesboro in l,s;59; licld several local 
 ofiices; member of the State hou.-^e of represent- 
 atives of North Carolina in 1840 and of the State 
 .senate in IS4.S; for nine years solicitor of the first 
 judicial district of North Carolina; again elected a 
 member of the Stale hou.se of representatives in 
 IX.iH, hnt resigneil, having been elected a He|)re- 
 sentative from North Carolina to the Thirty-sixth 
 Congress as a State kighls .\mericau; served in 
 the Confederate Congress; appointed chief justice 
 of the sujireme court of North Carolina .Tannarv 
 10, ISrs. and reelected; died at Kaleigh, N. ('.", 
 November 14, 1889. 
 
 Smith, William Russell, wa.s born at Tusca- 
 loosa. Ala., .Vngust 8, 181:!; leceived a ila.ssical 
 education; studied law and admitted to the bar; 
 began practii'cin 18:i4 at (ireensboro, Ala.; served 
 in the lampaign against the Creek Indians in 18:{(); 
 moved to Tuscaloosa in 1830, anil engaged in news- 
 |iai)erwork; mayor in I8,'ii); member of the State 
 house of representatives 1842-4H; elected brigadier- 
 general of militia; judge of the seventh judicial 
 ein'uil; elected a Kepresentative from .Mabama to 
 the Thirty-second, Thirty-third, and Thirty-fourth 
 Congre.'^ses a.« a Kemocrat; di'fealed for reelection; 
 member of the State conHtitntional convention in 
 I.Htil; oi)posed seces.«ion; served in the Confeder- 
 ■ilc Connress; ilied in 18iMi. 
 
 Smith, William Stephens, was born at New 
 York Cily in 17.>t: gradimled from New .lersey 
 
 College in 1774; served in the Kevolutionary .\rmy 
 a.s aid-de-camp to (ii'nenil Sullivan in 177(1; .secre- 
 tary of legiition at Louilon; surveyor of the port of 
 New York; nu'inber of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives; elected a Keiireseiitative from New 
 York to the Thirteenth Congress; diedal Lebanon, 
 N. Y., June 10, 181ti. 
 
 Smith, Worthington C, was horn at St. 
 Albans, \'t., April 1'.!, 182,3; received a cla.s.«ical 
 education; studiccl law, but did not ])ractice; manu- 
 facturer; nienduM- of the State houseof representa- 
 tives of Vermont in I8():{; Slate senator 18ii4-t>.'); 
 elecle<l a Ucjiresentative from \'ermont to the 
 Fortieth, Forty-first, and Forty-second Congresses 
 as a Kejiuhlican. 
 
 Smiithers, Nathaniel B., wa.s horn at Dover, 
 
 licl.. October 8, IS18; graduate<l from Lafayette 
 College. I'a., in bHItO; studied law, luid began prac- 
 ticeat Doverin 1840; secretary of stale of Delaware 
 a few months, when he resigm-d, having been 
 elecleil a Kepresentative from Delaware to the 
 Thirty-eighth Congress as a Republican; delegate 
 to the national Reindilican convention at Malli- 
 niore in 1804; died in 1K'J(5. 
 
 Smyser, Martin Luther, of Wooster. f)hio, 
 was born at I'laine Township, AVayne County, 
 Ohio, April .'!, 18.M; reared on a farm; educated in 
 the common schools and at WittenlH-rg College, 
 Springfield, ( >hio, gradualijig therefrom in 1870; 
 read law, and admitled to practice by the snpn»me 
 court in 1872; elected prosecuting attorney of 
 Wayne County. Ohio, in October. 1872. and served 
 oneterm; mendierof theCounty I'tcpublican com- 
 mittee for twelve years; alternate to the Repub- 
 lican national convention in 1884. ilelegiite to the 
 convention of 1.888; elected to the Fifty-tirst Con- 
 gress as a Republican. 
 
 Smyth, Alexander, was Ikihi on the island of 
 Kathhn. Ireland, in 1705; when 10 years of age 
 came to the United States and located in Itotetourt 
 Connty. Va.; received a liberal education; studied 
 law, anil began practice at .Abingdon; moved to 
 W vt he Count v; mendierof the State house of re))- 
 resentatives in 1702, 1790, 18(K), 1804, an.l 1808; 
 Ins|iector-( ieneral of the Army in 1812; resumed 
 the practice <if law; again anicmberof the State 
 house of l{epreseutativi's; elected a Repn\sentative 
 from Virginia to the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, .s^even- 
 teenth, iMghteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-tirst 
 Congresses; died at Washington, D. C, April 17, 
 18;?0. 
 
 Smyth, George W., was a native of North 
 Carolina; moved to Texas; elected a Kepresenta- 
 tive from Texas to the Thirty-third Congress lus a 
 r)emocrat. 
 
 Smyth, William, was horn in County Tyrone, 
 Ireland, January S, 1824; reeeivt^i a lilieral edu- 
 cation; came to the I'nited States and loeatt-d in 
 I'cnusylvania in 1,8.38; moved to Iowa in 1844; 
 studied law, and began practice at Marion, Iowa, 
 in 1847; pro.secuting attorney iif Linn Comity for 
 several years; judge of the district court for the 
 fourth judicial district of Iowa; chairman of the 
 commission to revise and codify tlu' laws of the 
 .■state; .served twd years in the rnion Army; 
 eU'cted a Representative from Iowa to the Forty- 
 lirst Congress as a Republican; died Seiiteuilier 
 :!0. 1870. 
 
 Snapp, Henry, was born in Livingston County, 
 N. Y., .liine 30. 1822; received a common school 
 eilucation; iimveil to Homer. 111., where he studied 
 law, and liegau ]iiiictice at Joliet; Slate senator. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 809 
 
 1869-1871; elected a Repret;entative from Illinois 
 to the Forty-second Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Sneed, William H. , was a native of Knoxville, 
 Tenn.; received a liberal education; studieil law 
 and practiced; elected a Representative from 
 Tennessee to the Thirty-fourth Congress as an 
 ..American. 
 
 Snider, Samuel Prather, of :\Iinneapolis, 
 Minn., was born at Mount Gilead, Ohio, October 
 9, 1845; educated at Oberlin College, Ohio; left 
 the latter institution in 1861, and at the age of 16 
 enlisted as a private soldier in the Sixty-fifth Ohio 
 Volunteer Infantry; served with his regiment in 
 Kentucli^-, Tennessee, Georgia, Alabama, and 
 ^lississippi; .'ierved in west Tennessee as captain 
 in theThirteenth United States Colored Infantry; 
 after the civil war engaged in commercial pursuits, 
 and became a resident of Minnesota in 1876; organ- 
 ized and built the Midland Railway, and engaged 
 in farming, mining, and manufacturing; served in 
 the Minnesota legislature 1884-1888; elected to the 
 Fifty-first Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Snodgrass, Charles Edward, of Crossville, 
 Tenn., was born in Sparta, White County, Tenn., 
 December 28, 1866; educated in the conmion 
 schools of Tennessee and by self-effort at home; 
 studied law and admitted to'the bar; conunenced 
 practice at Crossville, Tenn., in the year 1888; never 
 held or sought any other elective office until elected 
 to the Fifty-sixth'Congress asa Democrat ; reelected 
 to the Fifty-seventh Congress. 
 
 Snodgrass, Henry C, of Sparta, Tenn., was 
 born in White County, Tenn., in 1848; educated at 
 tlie Sjiarta Academy, and afterwards studied law at 
 the university in Lebanon, Tenn. ; conunenced the 
 praetii'e of law in Sparta, Tenn.; attorney -general 
 of the fifth judicial circuit for eight years; elected 
 to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses as 
 a Democrat; resumed the practice of law after 
 leaving Congress. 
 
 Snodgrass, Jolin Fryall, was born in Berkeley 
 County, N'a. (now West ^'irginia), ^Nlarch 2, 1804; 
 received a liberal education; studied law, and l)e- 
 gan practice at Parkersburg; delegate to the State 
 constitutional convention in 1850; elected a Rep- 
 re.sentative from Virginia to the Thirty-third Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; died at Parkersburg June 5, 
 1854. 
 
 Snook, John S. , of Paulding, Ohio, was born 
 on a farm near Antwerp, Paulding Ccjunty, Ohio, 
 Decendier 18, 1862; lived on the farm until 21 
 years of age, attending the Antwerp graded schools, 
 from which he graduated in 1880; entered the Ohio 
 Wesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio, where he 
 remained three years; entered the law school of 
 the Cincinnati College in 1886, where he gra<luated 
 in May, 1887, and on the 26th day of that month 
 admitte<l by the supreme court to practice in the 
 State of Ohio; began practice at Antwerp, Ohio, 
 and in NovemlDer, 1890, moved to Paulding, where 
 he afterwards resided; elected to the Fifty-.seventh 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Snover, Horace G. , of Port Austin, Huron 
 County, Mich., was born at Romeo, Macomb 
 County, Mich., September 21, 1847; received his 
 early education in the public schools of Romeo 
 and in the Dickenson Institute, located there; 
 graduated from the literary department of the Uni- 
 versity of Michigan, in the classical cour.«e, in 1869, 
 and from the law ileiiartment in 1871; admitted to 
 the bar in 1871; engaged in the practice of his jiro- 
 
 fession, except for two years, during which he 
 was principal of the public schools of Port Austin, 
 Mich., to which place he moved in the fall of 1874; 
 probate judge of Huron County frcim .January 1, 
 1881, to January 1, 1885; elected to the Fifty- 
 fourth Congress as a Republican; reelected to the 
 Fifty-fifth Congress; engaged in the banking and 
 real estate business. 
 
 Snow, Herman W., of Sheldon, 111., was born 
 in Laporte County, Ind., July '■'>, 18.36; l)rought 
 up in Kentucky until l?> years old; worked on a 
 farm five years; educated himself entirely; taught 
 school several years; admitted to the bar; enlisted 
 as a private in the One hundred and Thii'ty-ninth 
 Illinois Volunteer Infantry; served in Illinois, Mis- 
 souri, and Kentucky, and rose to the rank of cap- 
 tain; after expiration of first enlistment reenlisted 
 in the One hundred and fifty-first I llinois Infantry, 
 and rose to the rank of lieutenant-colonel; served 
 in most of the Southern States; provost-marshal- 
 general of Georgia on Major-General Steedman's 
 staff; with his regiment when Brigadier-General 
 Wofford surrendered 10,400 Confederate troops to 
 Steedman at King.ston, Ga.; at the expiration of 
 service resumed teaching in the Chicago High 
 School for three years; elected to the Illinois leg- 
 islature; traveled extensively in the United States; 
 elected to the Fifty -second Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; elected Sergeant-at-Arms of the House of 
 Representatives for the Fifty-third Congress. 
 
 Snow, William W. , was born in jMassachusetts; 
 moved to C)neonta, X. Y.; elected a Representa- 
 tive from New York to the Thirty-second Congress 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Snyder, Adam W. , was born in 1801 ; served 
 several years in the Illinois State house of repre- 
 sentatives; elected a Representative from Illinois 
 to the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Van Buren Dem- 
 ocrat; defeated for reelection; Democratic candi- 
 date for governor of Illinois, but died before the 
 election, May 14, 1842, at Belleville. 
 
 Snyder, Charles Philip, of Charle.«ton, W. Va., 
 was born at Charleston, Kanawha County, W. Va., 
 June 9, 1847; received an academic education; 
 studied law, and practiced; elected jirosecuting 
 attorney of Kanawha County, W. \a., in 1876, for 
 a term of four years, and reelected to the same 
 office in 1880; elected to the Forty-eighth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat, at a special election, to fill 
 the vacancy caused by the resignation of Hon. 
 John E. Kenna; reelected to the Forty-ninth and 
 Fiftieth Congresses. 
 
 Snyder, John, of Selinsgrove, Pa., was elected 
 a Representative from that State to the Twenty- 
 seventh Congress. 
 
 Snyder, Oliver P., was born in Mis.souri 
 November 13, 1833; received a liberal education; 
 moved to Arkansas in 1853; studied law ami 
 practiced; served as a member of tlie general 
 assembly of Arkansas 1864-65; delegate to the 
 constitutional convention in 1867; Presidential 
 elector on the Rejiublican ticket in 1868; served 
 four years in the State senate; one of the com- 
 mittee to revise and rearrange tlie statutes of 
 Arkansas in 1868; elected a Representative from 
 Arkansas to the Forty-second and Forty-third 
 Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 SoUers, Augustus R. , was a native of Mary- 
 land: elected a Representative from Maryland to 
 the Twenty-seventh and Thirty-third Congresses 
 as a Whig. 
 
8UI 
 
 (■<>.N(iRK><Sl<iN.\l, I>1UK< r<'KV. 
 
 Somers, Peter J., ••! .Mihvanki'c, Wis., was 
 liiirii at Mfiioiiicinef Kails, \V:uiki-slia Ciniiily, 
 Wis., Ajiril 1-, ISTiO; ill his uarly yi-ar.s iv<iMveil 
 siK'li oiluratiiin a." tin- iniiiiiHPii sclumls of lliat 
 day aff<inliil, ami altcrwanls a iinrinal school and 
 arailiMiiic education; read law; adiiiitti'd to tin- 
 har in 1S74. and iMisraficil in tin' ]iractii'i' of his 
 I)rofes,sion; fli'cti'd attorney of the eity of Mil- 
 waukee in 1.SS2 and siTved two years; eleete<l to 
 the lomnion eouneil in ISlKI, and ti|i<)n its or-ran- 
 ization elected president; appointed trnsteeof the 
 public lilirary; elected niaviir of the citv of Mil- 
 waukee in DecendHT, ISilO, and was reelected in 
 1892; in iHilitics always a l)eiuocrat; at the sjiecial 
 election held Ajiril 4, ISii:?, to till the vacancy 
 caused bv the election of lion. John L. Mitchell 
 to the I'nited States Senate, elected to the Fifty- 
 third Conjjress; resuiniil the practice of law. 
 
 Somes, Daniel E., was a native of New Hamp- 
 shire; moved to Hiddeford, Me., and eiiL'aned in 
 manufacturin};; mayor of Hiddeford lsri.">-lSo7; 
 president of the City Bank l>S5(i-lsr>.'<; elected a 
 Kei)resentative from" Maine to the Thirty-sixth 
 Congress as a Republican. 
 
 SoTg, Paul J., was born at Wheeling, W. Va., 
 SeiitiMidier L'.'i, 1S4(I; his parents orifrinally came 
 from llesse-Ca.«sel, tiermany, in 18.S(); in 1852 
 moved to Cincinnati, where younjr Sor-r apl>ren- 
 ticed himself to a nioldir; rudiments of his educa- 
 tion wereobtaineil at a night school in Cincinnati; 
 in the sixties liesran the mamifaiture of tobacco 
 on a small scale in Cincinnati; elected to the Kifty- 
 third Congre.ss as a Democrat, at a special elec- 
 tion, to till the unexjiired term of the late (ieorge 
 W. Houk; reelecti'd to the Kil'tv-fourth (.'ongress; 
 died May 27, l!t02, at Middletown, Ohio. 
 
 Soule, Nathan, was a native of New York; 
 member of the State house of representatives in 
 18:!7; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Twenty-seconil Congress. 
 
 Soule, Pierre, was born at Castillon, France, 
 in SeptendnT, 1802; receive<l a lilieral education; 
 iinprisoneil for publishinj; revolutionary articles, 
 but escaped and came to the United States, and 
 reacheil New Orleans in 1825; stmiied law and ad- 
 ndtted to the bar; held several local odices; elected 
 a I'nited States Senator from l.iiuisiana (vice A. 
 Barrow. decease<i), serving from Kebniary H to 
 March 8, 1847; again elected, serving from Uecein- 
 ber S, 184SI, to April 11, 18oM, when he resigned; 
 minister to Spain 185:}-1855; died at New Orleans 
 March 2ti. 187t). 
 
 Southard. Henry, was Imrn on l>ong Island in 
 October, 174;); moveil with his |>arents to Basking- 
 ridge, N. .1., and worke<l on a farm; serveil inne 
 years iis a uiendier of the State legislature; elected 
 a Representative from New .lersev to the Seventh 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the Kiglith, 
 Ninth, Tenth, and Kleveiilh C< mgre-sses ; electeil 
 to the Fourteenth, riltei'ntli, and Sixteenth Con- 
 gresses; died at Baskingridge, N. J., June 2, 1842. 
 
 Southard, Isaac, was Iwrn in New Jersey; 
 received a lilH'ral education; held sevend local 
 oltices: elected a Kepreseiitative from .New Ji'rsey 
 ti 1 the Twenty-seii ind ( \ mgress as a Clay 1 >cinocrat. 
 
 Southard, James Harding;, of Toledo, Ohio, 
 was born on a farm in Washington Township, I-ui-as 
 County, Ohio, .lanuary 20, IS5I; attemled the 
 public schools and Cornell Cniversity, where he 
 graduated in |S74; iH'gan to stmlv law in 1n75, and 
 adniitte<l to praclii'e in 1.S77; assistant jirostH-uting 
 attorney of LucagCounlv; afterwards twice elected 
 
 prosecuting attorney of said I'ounty; elected to the 
 Fifty-fourth, Fifty-tifth. Fifty-sixth, and Fifty- 
 seventh Congresses, ami reelected to the Fifty- 
 eighth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Southard, Milton I., was a native of Licking 
 County, (Hiic; received a liberal eilncation; grad- 
 nale<l from Diiiison Cniversity, at (iranville, Ohio; 
 studieil law and prai-ticed; pro.secuting attorney 
 for Muskingum County I8ti7-I871; eleited a Rep- 
 resentative from Ohio to the Forty-third Congress 
 Its a Democrat; reelected to the Forty-fourth and 
 Forty-lifth Congresses. 
 
 Southard, Samuel L., was born at Ba.sking- 
 ridge, N. J., June 9, 17S7; graduated from Prince- 
 ton College in 1804: studied law ami U-pm practice 
 at Kensington. N. J.; appointe<l law rejiorter bv 
 the State legislature; served one week asa memljer 
 of the State legislature, when he n-signed to 
 becouie a.ssociate justice of the supreme court of 
 New .lersey; Presidential elector in 1820; electe<l 
 a Cniteil !>tates Senator from New Jersey (vice 
 .1. .1. Wilson, resigned) it- a Whig, serving from 
 February IG, 1821, to March:?, 182:1; ActingSecrt- 
 tary of tlie Treasury March 7, 1825, to July 1, 1825; 
 aLso for a short time was Secretary < if War; attorney- 
 general i>f New Jersey; goveriKir of New Jersey in 
 18,'?2; again elected a Tinted States Senator, st-rv- 
 ing from Di'iendver 2, 18:i:?, to .May '.i. 1842, when 
 he resigned; ilied at Fredericksburg, Va., June2t>, 
 1M2. 
 
 Southgate, William W., was a native of Cov- 
 ington, Ky.; received a liberal education; studied 
 law and admitted to the bar; held .several local 
 odices; electcf a Rei)resentative from Kenttuky 
 to the Twenty-fifth Congress as a Whig; Presi- 
 dential elector in 1840 and 1S44; died at Coving- 
 ton, Ky., December 2(i, 1844. 
 
 Southwick, George N. , of Albany, N. Y., was 
 1>orn at Albany, N. V.. March 7, 18t>3; early i-du- 
 cation was acipiired at private .school and later at 
 public gchi>ol No. 6; entered the Albany High 
 School in 1875, whence he graduated in 1879; in 
 the fall of 1880 entered Williams College, whence 
 he graduated in 18S4; entered the .Ubany Ijiw 
 School; early in 18.<5 entered the service of the 
 Alliany Morinng Express, in both an editorial and 
 a reportorial capacity; represented the Associate»l 
 Pre.-^s as reporter of proceedings in the .senate or 
 ivsemblv during the legislative sessions of 188t>, 
 1887, anil 18,S8; in the last-mentione«l year lM»caine 
 managing editor of thcMorinng Kxpre.ss, and early 
 in 1889 of the Albany Evening Journal; Mr. South- 
 wick's literary activity has extended beyond the 
 lield of the daily pajwrs, with which he ha.' iK'en 
 i-onnected as editor. re]>orter, or corri-spondent: 
 has been an occa.sional contributor to the colunms 
 of the ma-jazines, among others the North Ameri- 
 can Review; bis political career iK-gan in the cam- 
 paign of 1884 with Voluntary contributions of 
 editorial articKs to the Albany Morning Express 
 in the interest of Jamesti. Blaine; stum|H'd Alliany 
 Comity lor Benjamin Harrison and Republican 
 principles in IS.s.S; secured the Congressional iioiui- 
 iiatiou in 1894, and won at the election; reele<-ted 
 to I'oiigress; again a cauilidate for Congress in 
 1898, but was defeated by Martin H. (ilynii; Mr. 
 ■Southwick and Mr. tilyiin were again the con- 
 testants in li'OO, the former winning, being elivted 
 to the Fifty-seventh Congri'.ss; reelecteil to the 
 Fifty-eighth Congress lus a Rejaiblican. 
 
 Sowden, William H., of .\IU-iitown, Pa., wius 
 elected to the Furty-niulh ami Fiftieth Congresses 
 US a Democrat. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 811 
 
 Spaight, Richard Dobbs, was born at Xew- 
 bern. X. ('.. March 25, 17oS; eiUicated at the I'lii- 
 versitv of (;la^^^;o\v; returneil home in 1778 and 
 joined the Continental Army as aid-de-camp to 
 General Caswell; member of the North Carolina 
 honse of conniions 17.Sl-178t> and 1792, and Dele- 
 gate to the Continental Congress in 1782-1784; del- 
 egate to the constitntional convention which 
 framed the Federal Constitntion; governor of 
 North Carolina in 1792; elected a Representative 
 from North Carolina to the Fifth Congress (vice 
 Nathan Bryan, deceased); reelected to the Sixth 
 Congress; wounded in a duel, and died September 
 6, 1802. at Xewliern, N. C. 
 
 Spaight, Richard Dobbs (son of Richard 
 Dobbs Spaight), was born at Newbern. N. C, in 
 1796: graduated from the I'niversity of North 
 Carolina in 181o; studied law and practiced; served 
 in both brandies of the State legislature; elected 
 a Representative from North Carolina to the Eight- 
 eenth Congress; again a member of the State sen- 
 ate 1824-1834; governor of North Carolina 1S35- 
 1837; died at' Newbern. N. C, November 2, 18n0. 
 
 Spalding, Burleigh Folsom, of Fargo, N. Dak. , 
 was born at Craftsbury, Orleans County, Vt., De- 
 cember 3, 18.53; worked as clerk in stores four years 
 in Glover and St. Johnsbury, Vt.; subsequently 
 educated at the Lyndon Literary Institute, Lyn- 
 don. Vt., and Norwich University, the military col- 
 lege of the State of Vermont, where he graduated 
 in 1877; read law at Montpelier. Vt., and, after 
 admission to the bar in March, 1880, move<l to 
 Fargo, and practiced his profession; superintend- 
 ent of public instruction of Cass County, Dakota 
 Territory, from 1882 to 1884; member of com- 
 mission elected by the legislature of 1S83 to re- 
 locate capital of the Territory of Dakota and build 
 capitol; member of the North Dakota constitu- 
 tional convention in 1889, and a member of the 
 joint commission provided by the enabling act to 
 divide the property and archives of the Territory 
 of Dakota lietween the States of North and South 
 Dakota; twice elected chairman of theRejiulilican 
 State central committee, and also served as chair- 
 man of the Cass County Republican committee; 
 the degree of master of arts was conferred on him 
 in 1897; elected to the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-eighth 
 Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Spalding, George, of Monroe, ^lich., was born 
 in Sciitlaml in 1837; emigrated with his parents to 
 the United States in 1843; settled at Buffalo, N. Y., 
 where he attemled the public .schools; accompa- 
 nied his parents to Monroe, Jlich.; taught school 
 in the winter of 1860-t)l ; mustered into the United 
 States service June 20, 1861, as a private in Com- 
 pany A, Fourth Regiment Michigan Volunteer In- 
 fantry; nnistered out of service October 24, 1865; 
 postmaster of Monroe, Mich., from 1866 to 1870; 
 special agent of the Treasury Dejiartment from 1871 
 to 1875; elected mayor of Monroe. Jlich.. 1876; 
 president of the board of education; admitted to 
 the bar by examination in 1878; elected director of 
 the First National Bank of Monroe, Mich., 1876; 
 appointed its cashier 1S77; continued as director 
 and cashier until 1892, when he was elected presi- 
 dent; ai)]iointed member of the board of control 
 State Industrial Home forCiirls, 1885, for six years, 
 and reappointed in 1892; elected to the Fifty-fourth 
 Congress as a Republican; reelected to the Fifty- 
 fifth Congress; appointed jiostmaster at Monroe, 
 Mich., by President McKinley. 
 
 Spalding, Rufus P. , was 1 >( irn at West Tisbnry, 
 Mass., May 3, 1798; graduated from Yale College; 
 
 studied law, and began practice in Trumbull 
 County, (!)hio; held several local offices; member 
 of the'State legislature of Ohio 1839-40 and 1841- 
 42, serving one term as speaker of the house; for 
 several years judge of the supreme court of Ohio; 
 resumed practice of law at Cleveland; elected a 
 Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-eighth, 
 Thirtv-ninth, and Fortieth Congresses as a Repub- 
 lican;" died at Cleveland, Ohio,"August 29, 1886. ' 
 
 Spalding, Thomas, was elected a Representa- 
 tive from Georgia to the Ninth Congress (after a 
 contest with Cawles Mead); took his seat Decem- 
 ber 25, 1805, serving until 180(>, when he resigned. 
 
 Spangler, David, was elected a Representative 
 from Ohio tr. the Twenty-third Congress as a Whig; 
 reelected to the Twentv-fourth Congress; died at 
 Coshocton, Ohio, October 18, 1856. 
 
 Spangler, Jacob, was born in 1768; received a 
 limited education; elected a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Fifteenth Congress as a AVhig, 
 resigning April 20, 1818; died at York, Pa., June 
 17, 1843. 
 
 Sparkman, Stephen M., of Tampa. Fla., was 
 born July 29, 1849, in Hernando County, Fla.; 
 brought up on a farm; educated in the common 
 schools of Florida, and taught school for about 
 three years, from the age of IS to 21, for the pur- 
 pose of assisting in his education; read law; ad- 
 mitted to ]>ractice in Octoljer, 1872; State attorney 
 for the sixth judicial circuit for nine years, from 
 1878 to 1887; member of the State and Congres- 
 sional committees from 1890 to 1892, when he was 
 elected chairman; tendered the circuit judgeship 
 for the sixth judicial circuit of Flori<la by Gov- 
 ernor Perry in 1888, and the position of associate 
 judge on the supreme court bench in 1891 by Gov- 
 ernor Fleming, both of which were declined; 
 elected to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-tifth, Fifty-sixth, 
 Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Sparks, William A. J., of Carlyle, 111., was 
 born near New Alliany, Ind., November 19, 1828; 
 his parents moved to Illinois in 1836 and shortly 
 thereafter dieii; in early boyhood depended on 
 his own exertions, labored on a farm, and at 'n- 
 tervals attended country schools; subsequently 
 taught school, and graduated from JIcKendree 
 College, Illinois, in 1850; studied law, and admitted 
 to the bar in 1851; appointed by President Pierce 
 in 1853 LTnited States lan<l receiver for the Ed- 
 wardsville (111.) land office and held that office 
 until 18.56; elected Presidential elector in 1856; 
 elected to the State house of representatives in 
 1856 and 1857 and to the State senate from the 
 fourth senatorial district 1863 and 1864; delegate 
 to the national Democratic convention at New 
 York in 1868; elected to the Forty-fourth and 
 F(irty-fifth Congresses, and reelected to the Forty- 
 sixth and Forty-seventh Cougres.'^es as a Democrat. 
 
 Spaulding, Elbridge G. , was born at Summer 
 Hill, N. Y., February 24, 1809; received a liberal 
 education; studied law and began practicing at 
 Buffalo, N. Y.; held several city offices; mayor of 
 Buffalo in 1847; member of the State house of rep- 
 resentatives in 1848; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Thirty-fir^t Congress as a Whig; 
 treasurer of the State of New York 1854-55; elected 
 a Representative to the Thirty-sixth Congress as a 
 I'nion candidate; reelected to the Thirty-seventh 
 Congress; returned to Buffalo, where in 1864 he 
 organized the Farmers' and Mechanics' National 
 Bank. 
 
SI 2 
 
 (•()N(tKKSSI()NAI. DIKKlTORV. 
 
 Spaulding, Oliver L., nf St. .lohiis, Mii-li.. 
 \v:is lM,rii;it .laffrrs . N. II., .\UKilst L'. ls:{;i: t;i:i.l- 
 natiMl iioiii (ilicrliii Cilli'm', Oliin, in ISVi, and 
 niovcil to Miclii;riin; ailiiiitli'il to tin- liar in 1S.5S; 
 electeil ri'tteiit of tlic I'liivcrsity of Michigan in 
 the sjuui' vi'ar; entcu'il the I'nion .Viniy in IMil' 
 as i-aptain in the Twenty-thinl Kejiinieiit Michi- 
 gan VoUniteers; smves.sivi'ly pronioteii to l>e 
 major, lieutenant-colonel, colonel, ami lirevet 
 bri^ailier-jjenei-jil. an<l nnistereil out of service in 
 ,Inly, 18t>."i; elei'ted secretary of state of Miclii^an 
 in l.StH) anil reeh'cteil in IStlS; a inemlHT of the 
 Repuhliian State committee 1S71-1S7S; a|i]>ointeil 
 si>ecial ayeiit of I'niteil States Treasury I>epart- 
 meut in 1S7.'), and licM the position until he t<iok 
 his seat in the Forty-seventh Con;;re.-'s, to wliicli 
 he \va.s eU>cteil as a Kepuhhcan. 
 
 Speed, Thomas, was elected a Representative 
 from Kentucky to the Fifteenth Confrress. 
 
 Speer. Emory, of .\thens, (ia.. was horn at 
 ( 'uUodcii, Monroe County, (ia., .September :>. 1S4S; 
 receive<l a cla.ssical eilucation and t;raduated from 
 the University of (ieor^ia in .Vu^iust, ISil'l; read 
 law at the .school of the university; entereil the 
 Confederate army when Hi years of ajie as a vol- 
 unteer in the Fifth Kentucky He^iment, Lewis 
 liri<:ade, and remained with that command until 
 the surreniler of the Confederate forces: hi-van 
 the ]>n»etiee of law at .\thens in the wititer of 18(>9; 
 appointeil solicitor-fjeneral for the State in 187S 
 for the 11 <'ounties embraced in the western ju- 
 dicial circuit; after holdin;; this othcc three years 
 rcsifjued; defealeil for Coufiress in the election to 
 till the vacancy caused by the election of H. H. 
 Hill to the United States Senate: elected to the 
 Forty-sixth Confjress as a Democrat: reelected to ' 
 the Forty-seventh Cou;;re.«s as an Independent 
 Democrat; district judjie of the southern Federal 
 judicial district of (ieorpia. 
 
 Speer, Robert Milton, was born at ('a.ssville. 
 Pa., September s, ISH.S; received an academic 
 eilucation; studied law, and in 1S.59 be^ran practice 
 at llnntin^rdou; elected a Kepreseiitativi' from 
 Pennsylvania to the Forty-second and Forty-third 
 Con;:res.<es as a Democrat; delcjjrate to the Demo- 
 cratic national convention in 1S72 and ISSO; died 
 at Xew York City January 17, 1890. 
 
 Speer, Thomas J., was born in Monroe 
 County, (ia.. .Xu^rust :il, \X',\7: received a common 
 school education; merchant; held several offices 
 under the Confederate government; inend)erof the 
 constitutional convention of (ieorpia in lS(i7-<>S; 
 elected to the State .senate 1S()8-KS70: elected a 
 Repre.ientative from (ieorj;ia to the Forty-second 
 Contrress as a Republican; died August 18, 1872. 
 
 Speight, Jesse, was born in (ireene County, 
 X. C., Septemlier 22, 171)5; received a pni)lie school 
 education; served several terms in both branches 
 of the State legislature, and for a number of years 
 Wivs speaker of the house; electeda Representative 
 from North Carolina to the Twenty-lirst, Twenty- 
 second, Twenty-third, and Twenty-fourth Con- 
 gre,s.ses nx a Democrat; moved to Plymouth, Mi.ss., 
 and electeil to tiie State liou.se of representatives 
 and chosen S|>eaker; elected a I'liited .states Sen- 
 ator from .Mississippi as a Democrat, serving from 
 Decendier 1, 184.5. to May 1, 1847, when he dieil, 
 at Cohunbus. Miss. 
 
 Spence, John S., was born mar Snow Hill. 
 Mil., Februarv 2'.l, 1788; received a liln'ral educa- 
 tion; studied law and jiracticed at Herlin, Md.; 
 held several local offices; elected a Representative 
 from Maryland to the Eiphteenth Coui^ress as a 
 
 Democrat; elected to the Twenty-second Coni;res9; 
 elected a United States Senator from Maryland 
 (vice R. H. (toldsborfiuch, deeeiused ), .xerviin; from 
 .Tannary 11, 1837. toOti)ber24, 1840, when hedieil. 
 
 Spence, Thomas A., was lM)rn in .VccotMac 
 County, Va.. February 20, 1810; graduated from 
 Yale College in 1829: studied law and bciran prac- 
 ticing at Snowhill, Mil.; held .-several local ollices; 
 elected a Reiire.-ientative from Maryland to the 
 Tweuty-eightli Congre.-^s as a Whig; a.-'si>lant at- 
 torney-general for the Post-office Department 1H72- 
 1877; died at Washington, D. C, Novenilier 10, 
 1877. 
 
 Spencer, Ambrose, was born at .Salisbury, 
 Conn., December l.'J, 17f)'i; attended Yale College, 
 and graduated from Harvard in 17l>:!; studied law, 
 and began iiractice at Hudson, N. Y.: served in 
 both branches of the Xew York legislature; a-^.iist- 
 ant attorney-general in 17!i(i and State attorney- 
 general in IS02; Presidential elector in IMHI; chief 
 justice of the State supreme court Isl0-ls2;{: re- 
 sumed practice; elected a Rejiresentative from 
 New York to the Twenty-tirst Congress as a I lemo- 
 crat; mayor of Albany one year; jiresideiit i>f the 
 national Whig convention at Haltiinore in 1844; 
 died at Lyons, N. Y., March 13, 184H. 
 
 Spencer, Elijah, was a native of Columbia 
 County, N. Y. ; received a limited education; 
 nieml>er of the State house of representatives in 
 1819: elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Seventeenth Congre.-^s. 
 
 Spencer, George E., w!W liorn in .lelferson 
 County, N. Y., November 1, 183t>; received a clas- 
 sical education; studied law, and in 18.")7 b(>gan 
 practice in Iowa; entered the Union .\rmya.i a 
 captain, and when he n-signed from the service, 
 .Inly 4, 18ti5, was brevetted lirigadier-general for 
 gallantry on the field; appointed register in bank- 
 ruptcy for the fourth district of .\labama in May, 
 18(i7; elected a L'ni ted States Senator from .\labama 
 as a Republican, and reelected, serving from July 
 25, 1868, to March 3. 1879; died at Washington, 
 D. C, February 19, 1893. 
 
 Spencer, James B., was born at Salisbury, 
 Conn., April 2iJ, 1781; receivetl a limited educa- 
 tion; served in the war of 1812 as captain: servtil 
 two ye;irs in the State house of repre.<enta lives; 
 elected a Rejiresentative from Xew York to the 
 Twentv-fifth Congress as a Democrat; died at Fort 
 Covington, X. Y., March 2il. 1S48. 
 
 Spencer, James Grafton, of Port dibson, 
 Miss., was born nearthat place September 13, 1844: 
 entered ( )aklauil College in l.'>iil, and after pa.-<sini.' 
 thefreshman class entered the Confederate army as 
 a private in Cowan's battery of light artillery, 
 serving until the clo.ie of the war in the .\rmy of 
 the >li.'^sissippi and Tennes.»ee; returned to his 
 home and began fanning: in 1.892 was .«ent as a 
 representative to the State legislature, serviuk.' two 
 sessions; elected to the Fifty-fourth Congix-ss as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Spencer, John Canfield, was born at Hudson, 
 X. Y., Jaiuiary 8. 178S; graduated from Union 
 College in 1.8()ii: studied law. and in 18(19 In-gim 
 practice at Canandaigua. N. Y.; served in the war 
 of 1812; postmaster at Canandaigua; a.-^sistant at- 
 torney-general for the western jiart of New York 
 in 1815; electeil a Repre.-H'ntative from Xew York 
 to the Fifteenth Congress as a Democrat; mendn'r 
 of the State hou.-'e of representatives 1820-21. and 
 one year as si)eaker; .state s«'nator 1824-1828; 
 again a meinljcr of the State hou.«e of representa- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 813 
 
 tives in 1S32; secretary of state; appointed Secre- 
 tary of War by President Tyler October 12, 1841, 
 serVint: until March 3, 1843, when he was trans- 
 ferred ti> the Treasury Department, resigning May 
 2, 1844: died at Albany, >'. Y., May 18, 1855. 
 
 Spencer, Joseph, was born at East Haddaui, 
 Conn., in 1714; receiyed a liberal education; stud- 
 ied law, and practiced a nunilier of yeai's; held 
 seyeral local offices; judge of probate in 1753; 
 seryed in the French war in 1758; member of the 
 Connecticut council in 1776; brigadier-general in 
 the Continental Army; made major-general August 
 9, 177(5, and resigned June 14, 1778, because Con- 
 gress had ordered an inyestigation of his military 
 conduct in 1777; Delegate from Connecticut to the 
 Continental Congress in 1779; elected a mend icr of 
 the Connecticut council in 1780, and was annually 
 reelected until he died, at East Haddam, Conn., 
 January 13, 1789. 
 
 Spencer, Richard, was a native of Maryland; 
 receiveil a common school education: elected a 
 Kepresentatiye from Maryland to the Twenty-first 
 Congress as a Clay Democrat. 
 
 Spencer, William B. , was born at Catahoula, 
 I'arish, La., February o, 1835; graduated from Cen- 
 tenary College, also from the law department of 
 the I'niyersity of Louisiana; practiced at Harrison- 
 burg, La., 1857-18(31; served in the Confederate 
 army; elected a Representative from Louisiana to 
 the JForty-fourth Congress as a Democrat, defeat- 
 ing Kraiik Morey; Mr. Morey was given the cer- 
 tilicate of election, but his seat suci'essfully con- 
 tested by Mr. Spencer, who was seated IMay 31, 
 1876, ancl served until January 8, 1877, when he 
 resigned. 
 
 Sparry, Lewis, was born at East Windsor Hill, 
 town of South Windsor, Hartford County, Conn., 
 January 23, 1848; attended district school; pre- 
 pared for college at Monson Academy, jMonson, 
 Mass.: graduated from Amherst College in the 
 class of 1873; on grailuating from college entered 
 the law office of Waldo, Hubbard & Hyde, Hart- 
 ford; admitted to the bar in March, 1875; opened 
 an office in Hartford ; elected to re]iresent his native 
 town in the legislature in 1876; elected to the Fifty- 
 second and Fifty-third Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Sperry, Nehemiah D., of New Haven, Conn., 
 was liorn at Woodbridge, New Haven Cijunty, 
 Conn.. July 10,1827; received his education in the 
 conunon schools and at the private school of Prof. 
 Auids Smith, at New Haven; worked on a farm 
 and in a mill; taught school for several years; 
 commenced business on his own account in 1847; 
 elected a memlier of the common council in 1853; 
 elected an alderman of the city in 1854; elected 
 selectman of the town of New Haven in 1853; 
 elected secretary of state in 1855; reelected in 1856: 
 a member of the convention that renon.nnated 
 Abraham Lincoln in 1864; made a mendier of the 
 Republican national committee; elected a member 
 of the executive committee, and chosen secretary 
 both of the national and executive committees; 
 chairman of the Republican State comnnttee for a 
 series of years; president of the State convention 
 that nominated Grant electors; chairman of the 
 recruiting committee of New Haven during the 
 war; n(.iminated postmaster by Abraham Lincoln 
 in 1861 and continued in office until the first elec- 
 tion of Grover Cleveland; renominated by Presi- 
 dent Harrison for postmaster and served until the 
 reelection of President Cleveland, making in all 
 twenty-eight years and two months; president of 
 the Chamber of Commerce of New Haven; nomi- 
 
 nated for Congress in 1894, and elected to the 
 Fifty-fourth Congress as a Repul:)lican; reelected 
 to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and 
 Fifty-eighth Congresses. 
 
 Spight, Thomas, of Ripley, 3Iiss., was born 
 and raised on a farm in Tippah County, "Miss.; 
 attended the common and high schools of the 
 county, and in 1859 entered college at Purdy, 
 Tenn.", and at the end of one year entered the 
 Lagrange (Tenn.) Sy nodical College; entered the 
 Confederate army as a private, and became cap- 
 tain of his company before he was 21 years old; 
 returned home to find all the property of his 
 father's estate swept away as a result of the war; 
 connnenced teaching school and farming, and 
 at the same time studying law; admitted to the 
 liar and jiracticed his profession at Ripley; repre- 
 sented his county in the Mississippi legislature 
 from 1874 to 1880", and in the latter yeai- district 
 Presidential elector on the Hancock ticket; elected 
 district attorney of the third judicial district, com- 
 posed of seven counties, which position he held until 
 1892, when he voluntarily retired; elected asa Dem- 
 ocrat foran unexpired term in the Fifty-fifth Con- 
 gress; reelected to the I'ifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, 
 and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Spink, Cyrus, ^vas elected a Representative 
 from Ohio to the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican, but died before taking his seat. 
 
 Spink, S. li., was born at AVhitehall, N. Y., 
 March 20, 1831; received a liberal education; 
 taught school several years; studied law and began 
 practice at Burlington, Iowa, in 1856; moved to 
 Paris, 111., in 1860, and began the publication of the 
 Prairie Beacon; served in the State legislature; 
 appointed secretary of the Territory of I)akota in 
 April, 18(35, and reappointed in 1866, serving until 
 1869, when he was elected a Delegate from Dakota 
 Territory to the Forty-first Congress as a Repub- 
 lican. 
 
 Spinner, Francis E., was born at German 
 Flats, N. Y., January 21, 1802; receiyed a classical 
 education; engaged in banking; entered the State 
 militia and promoted to the rank of major-general; 
 held several puV>lic offices; elected a Representa- 
 tive from New York to the Thirty-fourth, Thirty- 
 fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses as a Republican; 
 apjiointed by President Lincoln Treasurer of the 
 United States ]March 16, 1861, and reappointed by 
 Presidents Johnson and tirant, resigning July 1, 
 1875; suggested and successfully urged the em- 
 ployment of women in the Treasury Department; 
 when, on resigning, his accounts were specially 
 examined at his request, an apparent shortage of 
 1 cent was discovered; claimed an even balance, 
 and on reexamination proved that he was right; 
 died at Jacksonville, Fla., December 31, 1890. 
 
 Spinola, Francis B. , vcas born at Stony Brook, 
 Long Island, N. Y., March 19, 1821; educated at 
 the Cjuaker Hill Academy, in Dutchess County; 
 five times elected an alderman; three times a su- 
 pervisor; served six years as member of the assem- 
 bly of the State of New York, and four years as a 
 senator; appointed brigadier-general of volunteers 
 October 2, 1862, "for meritorious conduct in re- 
 cruiting and organizing a brigade of four regiments, 
 and accompanying them to the field;" honorably 
 discharged from the service August, 18(35, after 
 having been twice wounded; delegate to the De- 
 mocratic national convention which met in Charles- 
 ton in the spring of 1860, and alternate to the 
 Democratic national convention of 1884: connected 
 with a number of insurance and banking institu- 
 
814 
 
 roN'CKKSSIONAI. KIKKCTiiKY. 
 
 tiiiiis, anil eiifrapi'il in inamilai'liiriii;; liusinc.'^:^; 
 clocti'it totlic l-'iftirtli ('nnjiiv.-s lis a iHMiioiral; n-- 
 I'li'ftfd to till' Kifly-lirst ami Klfty-«'ri)ii<l C<iii- 
 presses; liii'il at Wiu-liiiit'ton, D. ('.. April lU, 1K91. 
 
 Spooner, Henry J., of I'lovidciuH-, K. 1., was 
 Uoriiat rroviili'iici', K. I.. Aiif.'ustt), ISHll; rcci'iviMl 
 his laiiiir I'lliualioii ami iircparcd Inr collcjio in 
 till- ]mlili<- si-lioojs of his native lily; -.'railnated 
 from Itrown Inivcrsity, Khodo Islaml, in IWIO; 
 stuilii'd law at law scIkioI, Alliany, N. Y., and in 
 ollire of Thnrston it Hipli-y, I'roviih-nco; ontered 
 till- I'nion Army in 1S()2 as second liintcnant in 
 the Kotirth Ket»iiiient of Khode Island Volnnleer 
 Infantry, serving in the armies of the I'olomae 
 and the .lames, and mostly in the Ninth Army 
 Cor)is; soon after the hattle of Antietam was pro- 
 nioted to first lieutenant and adjntant of the same 
 regiment; mnstered out of service in IMi'); in the 
 same year admitted to the bar of the sui)reine 
 eonrt (if Khode Island; engaged in the snccessful 
 practice of law in I'rovidence, K. 1.; commander 
 of the l)eiiartmentof Hliode Island, (i rand Army of 
 the Kepnlilie in 1S77; representative from the city 
 of rrovidence to the general assembly of Klioile 
 Islaml, liy seven snccessive elections, from IST'i to 
 [SSI, inclusive, serving ii|H>n committees on judi- 
 ciary, militia, etc. ; speakir of the Khode Island 
 honse of reproentatives two years, liy succe.>'sive 
 elections, ISTSt-lssl; elected to the Forty-.-eventh 
 rongress as a Kepnblican. to till tlu^ vacancy oc- 
 casioned hy resignation of Ni'lson W. Aldrich, 
 elected Cn'ited States Senator; reelected to the 
 Korty-eighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fiftv-tirst 
 Congresses; clefeated for the Fifty-second; elected 
 nuMiilier of the general assembly of Khoile Island 
 in 1110:2 as a Democrat. 
 
 Spooner, John C, of Madison, Wis., was born 
 at bawrenccburg. Dearborn County, Ind., .lannary 
 ti, 1S4:>; moved with his fal lier's family to Wiscon- 
 sin and .settled at Madison .lune 1, IS.iK; gradu- 
 ated from the.'^tate I'niversity in lst)4; private in 
 Company D, Foriieth Kegiment, and captain of 
 Company A, Fiftieth Kegiment, Wisconsin Infan- 
 try Volunteei's; lirevetteil major at the close of 
 service; private and military secretary of (iovernor 
 Lucius Fail-child, of Wisconsin; admitted to the 
 bar in lSt>7. and served as a.-^sistant attorney-gen- 
 eral of the .'State until 1S70, when he moved to 
 Hudson, where he iiracliced law from bs70 until 
 1,SS4; iiiember of the a.s.sembly from St. Uroix 
 County in 1S7L'; member of the boanl of regents of 
 Wisconsin Fniversity; elected I'nited States Sen- 
 ator to su(-ieed Angus Cameron, Kepublii-an, for 
 the term beginning Man-h 4, l.s.s.i; chairman of 
 the Wisconsin delegation to national Kepnblican 
 coiivenlion in ISSS; succeeded as I'nited States 
 S<-nator March 4, ISill, by William F. Vilas, Demo- 
 crat, receiving, however, the full vote of the 
 Ke|iubli(-aM members of the legislature for reelec- 
 tion; chairman of the Wisconsin delegation to 
 national Kepnblican convention at Minneai>olis in 
 l.sirj; unanimously nominated as Kepnblican 
 candidate for governor of Wisconsin in \XU'2, but 
 was defeated; moved from Hudson to Madison in 
 l.s'.i;!; actively engaged in the j>racti(-e of his |iro- 
 fession from lSir_' to l.S!t7; unanimously nominal(-d 
 in Kepubliian cau(-us .lannary i:>, 1SH7. ami duly 
 elected .lannary L'7. I.sil7, Cnited States .Senator 
 for the tc-rm beginning Marrh 4, I.SJI7; temlered by 
 President McKinley, in Dei-ember, l.sii.H, [Kisition 
 in his Cabinet, a- Secretary of the Interior (vice 
 Cornelius N. Kliss, resigned), and diclined it; al.so 
 tendered in IKitH, bv President McKinley, mem- 
 bership of the rm'teil States and Hritish .loint 
 High Coinnii.-sion, and declined it; tendered by 
 
 President McKinlev, .lannary .1. IHOl, ]>o>iiion of 
 .Atti)rnev-( Icnenil, to lakeollice March 4, llHIl, and 
 declineilil; in conimunication to Ki-piiblicans of 
 Wisconsin, .Inly (i, IHDO. aniioum-eil unalb-rablc 
 ]iurpose not to be acamlidatefor reeleclion; Janu- 
 ary 27, UK);i, was, notwithstanding, elected for 
 another term, beginning March 4, lilO.'i. 
 
 Sprague, Charles Franklin, waslMjrn at Hos- 
 ton, Mass., .lune Id, l.s.".7; lilted for college in the 
 Hoston schools and graduated from Harvard I'ni- 
 versity in 1S7;»; sulwijuently studied law at the 
 Harvard IjiwSchool and Hoston I'niversity; nieiii- 
 ber of the Suffolk bar; member of the eoiiimon 
 council of the city of Boston in 18.S!) and l.stil); in 
 the Ma.^.-'ai-hu.setts hou.se of repre.-^entatives in l.siM 
 and istcj; member of, and latterly chairman of. 
 the board of ]iark commissioners of the city of 
 Hoston in KSiCi and 1S!I4; member of the Ma.ssa- 
 chusetts senate in l.Hit.T and IHWti, ser\ ing as chair- 
 man of the committee on metropolitan affairs; 
 elected tothe Filty-lifth Congri-ssas a Kepnblican; 
 reelected to the Fiftv-sixtli Congress. . -serving until 
 March .S. liMtl: died" at Providence. K. I., in V.m. 
 
 Sprag-ue, Peleg, was born at Kochester, Ma.ss,, 
 December 10, 175(j; graduated from Dartmouth 
 College in I7.st); studied law and began practice in 
 1787 at New Bedford; moved to Keene, N. H.; 
 solicitor for Cheshire County; elected a Kejiresent- 
 ative from New Hampshire to the Fifth Congress, 
 vice.Ieremiah Smith, lesigneil; declined a relionii- 
 nation. and died in Ajjril, ISOO. 
 
 Sprague, Peleg, wa.s born at Duxlmry, Mass., 
 April ".'7, 17!t:i; graduated from Harvard College in 
 1S12; studied law anil began |iracl ice at .\ugustaand 
 lateral Ilallowell. Me. ; member of the State house 
 of rei>resentatives 1S21 and 1S22; elected a Kepre- 
 sentative from Maine to the Nineteenth Congre.ss 
 as a Whig; reelected to the Twentieth Congress; 
 elected a I'nited States Senator from >hiine, serv- 
 ing from Decemlier 7, l.H2il, to .lannary 1, lS.'{.i, 
 wlieii he resigned: resumed i)raotice at Boston in 
 1840; Presidential elector: I'nited States district 
 judge of Ma.-'.-^ac-husetts l,s41-l,St).'); died at Boston, 
 Ma.ss., October l:!. bS.SO. 
 
 Sprague, William, was born at Cranston, K. I., 
 November :l, 171Ht; received a classical education; 
 merchant; served for many years as a member of 
 the State luiuse of representatives; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Khode Island to the Twenty- 
 fourth C'ongressand declined a reelection; governor 
 of Khode Island 18:iS-;W; elected a I'nited States 
 Senator from Khode Island (vice N. F. Dixon, de- 
 ceased), serving from February 18, 1.S42, to .lann- 
 ary 17, 1844, when he resigned; a Presidential 
 elector on the Tavlor and Fillmore ticket in 1.S4S; 
 died at Providence, K. I., October It*. l.S-iti. 
 
 Sprague, William, was a native of Khode 
 Island; moved to Michigan: received a limited 
 education; held several local oHices; electeii a 
 Kejiresentative from .Michigan to the Tliirty-tirst 
 Congre.-'s as a l-ree Soiler. 
 
 Sprague, William, was born at Cranston, R. 1., 
 
 September 12. I.SIW; received a liberal education; 
 manufacturer: governor of Rhode Island I.S(;o. 
 l.stil. and l.sii2: served in the I'nion Army: elected 
 a I'nited Slates Senator from Khode Island as a 
 Republican, and ri-elected, serving from March 4, 
 18(53, to March .!, 1875. 
 
 Sprague, William P., was born in Morgan 
 County, Ohio. May 21. IS27; received a limited 
 education; mercliant; engaged in banking at Mc- 
 Coniiellsville: niemU'r of the .state senate of Ohio 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 815 
 
 1860-61 and 1862-63; elected a Repret^entative 
 frcim Ohio to the Forty-second and Forty-third 
 Cono;reshies as a RepubUcan; died in 1899. 
 
 Sprigg, James C, was a native of JIaryland; 
 receiveda liberal education; moved to Shelbyville, 
 Ky.; held several local offices; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Kentucky to the Twenty-seventh 
 Congress. 
 
 Sprigg, Michael C, was born at Frostburg, 
 jMd.; received a liberal education; held several 
 local offices; served several terms in the Maryland 
 State legislature; president of the Chesapeake and 
 Ohio Canal Company; a IVesidential elector on the 
 Monroe ticket in 1S20; elected a Representative 
 from Maryland to the Twentieth and Twenty-first 
 Congresses; died at Cumberland, Md., December 
 28, 1845. 
 
 Sprigg, Richard, was a native of ilaryland; 
 elected a Representative from Maryland to the 
 Fourth Congress, vice O. Durall, resigned; re- 
 elected to the Fifth and Seventh Congresses. 
 
 Sprigg, Thomas, was a native of Maryland; 
 elected a Representative from ^Maryland to the 
 Third and Fourth Congresses. 
 
 Spriggs, John Thomas, was born at Peter- 
 borough, Northamptonshire, England, 1S27; grad- 
 uated from Uni(.in College; lawyer by profession; 
 county treasurer and district attorney of Oneida 
 Count'v; served twice as mayor of Utica; electe<l 
 to the" Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses 
 as a Democrat; died Decern Ijer 23, 1888. 
 
 Springer, William M. , of Springfield, 111., 
 was born in Sullivan County, Ind., May 30, 1836; 
 moved to Illinois with his parents in 1848; gradu- 
 ated from the Indiana State University, Blooni- 
 ington, in 1858; studied law, and admitted to the 
 bar in 1859; secretary of the State constitutional 
 convention of Illinois in 1862; a member of the 
 State legislature in 1871 and 1872; elected to the 
 Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, Forty- 
 seventh, Forty-eighth, Forty-nintli, Fiftieth, Fifty- 
 first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses as a 
 Democrat; resumed the practice of law in Wash- 
 ington, D. C, after the expiration of his term in 
 Congress. 
 
 Spruance, Presley, was Ijorn in Delaware in 
 1785; manufacturer at Smyrna, Del.; president of 
 the State senate; elected a United States Senator 
 from Delaware as a Whig; died at Smyrna, Del., 
 February 13, 1863. 
 
 Squire, Watson C. , of Seattle, Wash., was born 
 at Cape Vincent, N. Y., 1838; prepared for college 
 in the seminaries at Fulton and Fairfield, that 
 State; graduated from the Wesleyan University, at 
 Middletown, Conn., in 1859; principal of the Mo- 
 ravia Institute at Moravia, N. Y.; enlisted in Com- 
 pany F, Nineteenth New York Infantry, in 1861, 
 for thi'ee months' service; promoted to first lieu- 
 tenant; after five months' service was mustered 
 out; studied law and admitted to practice in the 
 sujireme court of (>liio in .June, 1862; raised a 
 comiiany of shariishooters, of which he was com- 
 missioned captain; in the battles of Chickamauga, 
 Chattanooga, Nashville, Resaca, and other engage- 
 ments; made judge-advocate of the district of 
 Tennessee, with headi|uarters at Nashville; subse- 
 quently engaged with the Remington Anns Com- 
 pany; [jurchased large interests in Washington 
 Territory in 1876, and became a citizen of Seattle 
 in 1879; appninted governor of the Territory of 
 Washington July 2, 1884, and .served three years; 
 contributed largely to the develoiiuient of the 
 
 Territory; elected to the United States Senate as a 
 Republican November 21, 1889, under the provi- 
 sions of the act of Congress admitting Washington 
 Territory and other States into the Union; took 
 his seat December 2, 1889; reelected in 1891, serv- 
 ing from November 20, 1889, to :\Iarch 3, 1897. 
 
 Stackhouse, Eli Thomas, was born in Marion 
 County, S. C., :\Iarch 27, 1S24; educated in the 
 country schools, which he attended a few months 
 each j'ear, and worked the remainder of the year 
 on his father's farm; taught school four years, be- 
 tween the ages of 19 and 23; left his farm in 1861 
 to respond to the call of his State for soldiers; 
 served in Longstreet's Corps, Army Northern Vir- 
 ginia, and was surrendered as colonel of his regi- 
 ment; before reconstruction was three times elected 
 to represent his county in the State legislature; 
 elected to the Fiftv-second Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; died June 14," 1892. 
 
 Stahle, James A., of Emigsville, I'a., was 
 V)orn in West ]\Ianche.ster Township, Yiirk County, 
 Pa., January 11, 1830; received a common school 
 and academic education; enlisted August 24, 1861, 
 as captain of Company A, Eighty-seventh Pennsyl- 
 vania Volunteers; promoted to major January 1, 
 1863, and to lieutenant-colonel ^May 9, 1863; hon- 
 orably discharged at expiration of term of service, 
 October 13, 1864; deputy collector of internal rev- 
 enue at York for more than fifteen years; elected 
 to the Fifty-fi>urth Congress as a Kepul)Iit'an; re- 
 sumed farming after the exjiiration of his term in 
 Congress. 
 
 Stahlnecker, William G. , was born at Aidiurn, 
 Cayuga County, N. Y., June 20, 1849; received an 
 acadenuc education; engaged in mercantile busi- 
 ness, and a member of the New York Produce Ex- 
 change; elected mayor of Yonkers in March, 1884, 
 for a term of two years; delegate to the Democratic 
 State convention held at Saratoga, N. Y., in June, 
 1884; also to the national Democratic convention 
 held at Chicago, 111., in July, 1884; elected to the 
 Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty-first, and Fifty-second 
 Congresses as a Democrat; died at Y'onkers, N. Y., 
 :\Iarch 26, 1902. 
 
 Stallings, Jesse F. , was born near the village 
 of Manningham, Butler County, Ala., April 4, 
 1856; graduated from the University of Alabama 
 in 1877; studied law at the law si-hool of the Uni- 
 versity of Alabama; admitteil to practice in the 
 supreme court in April, 1879; commenced the 
 practice of law in Greenville; elected by the legis- 
 lature of Alabama solicitor for the second judicial 
 circuit in November, 1886, fcjr a term of six years; 
 resigned the office of solicitor in September, 1892, 
 to act'ept the Democratic nomination for Congress; 
 delegate to the national Democratic convention 
 which was held in St. Louis in 1888; elected to the 
 Fift\'-third Congress as a Democrat; reelected to 
 the "Fifty-fourth; Fifty-fifth, and Fifty-sixth Con- 
 gresses. 
 
 Stallworth, James A., was born in Conecuh 
 County, Ala., April 7, 1822; received a thorough 
 ICnglish education; studied law and practiced; 
 served two terms in the State house of represent- 
 atives; elected solicitor of the second judicial cir- 
 cuit of Alabama in 1849 and 1853; elected a Rep- 
 re.^entative from Alabama to the Thirty-fifth ami 
 Thirty-sixth Congresses as a Democrat, serving 
 from December 1, 1857, until his withdrawal Jan- 
 uary 21, 1861; died at Evergreen, Ala., in 1862. 
 
 Stanard, Edwin 0., was born at Newport, 
 N. II., January 5, 1832; when (juite young moved 
 with his parents to the Territory of Iowa, and re- 
 
816 
 
 rONORKSSIONAL 1>IKK( ToKV. 
 
 ceivoil 11 liiuitt'il iiliuiitiini; went to St. Louin; 
 taught si'lidol thiec tiTiiis in Illimiis; graihiat*-!! 
 from a coiiiiiKTiial i-iillfj;^ at St. l,ouin in IS.'m; 
 cnpipMl in tlu' coniinission liusint'ss in l.'Citi; en- 
 pigeil in milling Imsint'.-^s at St. Liuii.x; liontcnant- 
 govornor of Mi!*.snnri for two yoarj-; cli-i-tvil a 
 Ki'liro.-'ontativi' from Mi.-;,-'onii to the Forly-lhinl 
 Congres-i a.« a Hi';;nlar Ucpiihlicnn. 
 
 Stanberry, William, was horn in Ksssi-x 
 I'ountv, N. .1.; rfi-civril a common srhool iMiuca- 
 tion; moved to Ohio ami hclil wveral local ollice.-*; 
 elfitcd a Kcprcscntalivc from Ohio to the Twen- 
 tieth Congrt'.^s lis a .lackt^on llcmocrat: rei'lectcil 
 to the Twenty-tirst and Tw enly-seiond Conjirc.-'Se.s; 
 died at Newark, Ohio, Jiimiary 127, 1S72. 
 
 Standifer, James, was elected a Ke]ire.sentative 
 from Ti'nne.-^sce to the l'',i^'hteciilli ( 'on^rress as a 
 Whig; eU'cti'd to theTweiity-lirst, Twenty-secoiul, 
 Twentv-third, and Twenty-fonrth Congresses; re- 
 elected to the Twenty-fifth Congress, Imt ilied 
 near Kingston, Tenn., .\agnst L'4, is:i7, wliile on 
 his way to Wusliington, D. C, to take his seat. 
 
 Standiford, Elisha D.. was horn in .lefferson 
 Connty, Ky., Picemlicr L'S, 1S:!1; attended the 
 eoininun schools; studied medicine; engaged in 
 hanking and mannfacturing; .stale senator of 
 Kentuiky in l.siiSand 1S71; electeil a Kepre.senta- 
 tive from Kentucky to the Korty-thinl Congress 
 asa Hemocrat; elected jiresident of the Louisville, 
 Nashville and (ireat Southern Hailroad; died at 
 Louisville. Ky., ,Inlv I'ti, 1SS7. 
 
 Stanford, Leland, was horn in.MhanyCounty, 
 N. Y., Mar<h it, l.S'.M; received an academic edu- 
 cation; after three years' study a<lmitted to prac- 
 tice law in the sui>reme court of the State of 
 New York; inove<l to I'ort Washington, in the 
 northern part of the .state of Wisconsin, where he 
 engageil in the jiractice of his pmfession for four 
 years; a fire in the spring of 1S.V2 destroying his 
 law lilirary and other pro|)erty, he went to Cali- 
 fornia, where he hecame a.ssociated in business 
 with his hrothers, three of whom hiul preceded 
 him to the I 'aci lie coast; at first in business at 
 Michigan Bluffs, and in l.S.iii moved to ."^an Kran- 
 eisco to engage in mercantile pursuits on a large 
 scale; ilelegate to the national Republican conven- 
 tion at Chicago in IStiO; elected governor of Cali- 
 fornia, and served from December, LStil, to 
 December, KSi;;}; as president of theCentral I'acilic 
 Hailroad Company lie superintemled its construc- 
 tion over the mountains, building .iSI) miles of it 
 in L'!i:i days; interested in other railroails on the 
 I'aiitic slope, in agriculture, and in manufiictures; 
 elected to the I'nited Statis Senate as a Kepub- 
 lican, and took his seat March 4, 1S.S.'); reelected 
 in ISilO. .serving to .lune •_'!, ISii:!, when he did. at 
 Palo Alto, Cal. 
 
 Stanford, Richard, was born in North Carolina 
 in 17iiS; receiveil a liberal education; elected a 
 Representative from North Carolina to the Fifth 
 Congress as a Democrat: reelected to the Sixth, 
 Seventh. Kighlh, Ninth, Tenth, Klevenlh. Twelfth. 
 Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Congresses; dieil at 
 (k'orgetown. 1». ('.. .\pril !l. ISHi. 
 
 Stanly, Edward, was Inirn at Newbern, N. C., 
 about IMU; studieil law anil mlniitted to the bar; 
 served three terms in the house of commons of the 
 State legislature and one term as speaker; attorney- 
 general of North (arolina in 1.S47; eleited a Whig 
 Kepresentalive to the Twenty-tifth, Twenty-sixth, 
 and Twenty-seventh Coiigirs-ses; elected to the 
 Thirtv-lirst and Thirty-.second Congresses; moved 
 to California and practiced law; for a few months 
 
 military governor of North Carolina in 18<)2, hut 
 resigneil and returned to California; dieil at San 
 I'rancisco, Cal., .Inly 12, 1S72. 
 
 Stanly, Jolin, wa-s Ixirn in North Carolina; a 
 member of the house of eonimons from NcwIxTii 
 in 17i'S and 17!'9; elected a Representative from 
 North Carolina to the .Seventh Congress; elected 
 a Representative from North Carolina to the 
 Klevenlh Congress; again a member of the house 
 
 of com US of North Carolina 1K12-Iwb5, 1818. 
 
 I81it, 18L';{, ISL'.^. and ISL'ii; died at Newbern, N. C.. 
 .\ugust :;, is:!4. 
 
 Stanton, Benjamin, was born at Mount I'leas- 
 ant, .lefferson County, Ohio, .June 4, ISdll; studied 
 law and in ls;{4 began iiractice at liellefontaine; a 
 member of the State senate in 1S4I and bS42; 
 delegate to the State lonstilntioiial convention; 
 elected a Representative from ( >hio to tin- Thirty- 
 second Congress as a Whig; elect<'d to the Thirty- 
 fourth, Thiity-tifth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses; 
 lieutenant-governor of Ohio in 18t>2. 
 
 Stanton, Frederick P., was Imrii at Alexan- 
 dria. \'a., December 22. 1814; received a cla.s.«ieal 
 education; graduated from Columbia College; 
 taught school; stuilie<l law and b<gan practice at 
 .Menii>his, Tenn,; elected a Reiiresentative from 
 Tennessee to the Tweiitv-ninth, Thirtieth, Thirty- 
 first, Thirty-.-^econd, and Thirty-third Congres.ses; 
 appointed governor of Kansas 18.58-18()1 ; movetl 
 to Virginia, and sulisequentlv settled in Florida; 
 died near Oiala. Fla., June 4, 1894. 
 
 Stanton, Joseph, wa-s born at Charlestown, 
 R. I., .July IS), 17.'W; served in the expedition 
 against Canada in 17.i9; member of the general 
 a.sseinbly of Rhode Island 17<i8-1774; served as 
 colonel in the Revolutionary Army; delegate to 
 the <onstitutional convention in 1790; electee] a 
 I'nited States .Senator from Rhode Island asa Dem- 
 ocrat, serving from .lune 2.i. 1790, to March :i, 
 179:!; again a member of the ."^tate house of re|>re- 
 .sentatives 1794-1800; elected a Repie.sentative 
 from Rhode Islanil to the Seventh, Kighth, and 
 Ninth Congresses; dio>d at Charlestown, R. I., in 
 1.H07. 
 
 Stanton, Richard H. , was born at Alexandria, 
 Va., September 9, 1812; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; studied law and liegaii practii-eat Maysville, 
 Ky.; postmaster at Maysville; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Kentucky to the Thirty-first. 
 Thirty-second, and Thirty-third Congre.s.«es as a 
 Democrat; Presiileiitial elector on the Ruchanan 
 ticket in lS.i6; State attorney for his judicial dis- 
 trict in 18.58; delegate to the national Democratic 
 convention at New York in 181)8; elected district 
 judge 1,%8-1.874. 
 
 Starin, John H., of Fultonville, N. Y., was 
 born at Saiimionsville, F'ulton County ( then a ]>art 
 of Montg<imeiy County >. .Vugust27, 1.">2.t; receiveil 
 an academic eihication; coiiimeiiced the stiuly of 
 meilicine in l.'<42; established and condncteil the 
 drug anil meilicine business at Fultonville from 
 l.'^4.l to l.'v"i8: postmii.ster at Fultonville, N. Y., from 
 1.S48 to l,d2: largely engaged in the transportation 
 business through the city, river, and liarUir, and 
 waters of Long Island Sound; director of the North 
 River Hank, Ni'w York Citv, and the Mohawk 
 River National Hank; greatly and personally iii- 
 teresteil in agriculture and stock raismg; elecli-il to 
 the Fiirty-tiflh and Forty-sixth Congresses as a 
 Republican; engaged in railroading and became 
 verv successful; member of the New York City 
 rapid transit commission. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 817 
 
 stark, Benjamin, was born at Xew ( Irleans, 
 La., June 26, 1820; received a classical education; 
 merchant; moved to Oregon in 1845; studied law, 
 and admitted to tiie bar; member of the Teriito- 
 rial hnuse of representatives in 1851, and State 
 liouse of representatives; appointed a I'nited 
 States Senator from Oregon (vice E. D. Baker, de- 
 ceased) as a Democrat, serving from February 27, 
 18t)2, to December 1, 1862; delegate to the Demo- 
 cratic national conventions of 1864 and 186S; moved 
 to Connecticut; died October 10, 1898. 
 
 Stark, William Ledyard, of Aurora, Nebr., 
 was born at 3Iystic, New London County, Conn., 
 .July 2!t, 18.53, of Pilgrim stock; graduated from 
 theMystic Valley Institute, at Mystic, Conn., in 
 1872; afterwards went to Wyoming, Stark County, 
 111.; taught school and clerked in a store; attended 
 the Union College of Law, Chicago, 111., foreighteen 
 months; admitted to the l)ar by the supreme I'ourt 
 of Illinois in January, 1878; moved to Aurora, 
 Nebr., in February, 18/8; superintendent of the 
 I'ity schools for nearly two years; deputy district 
 attorney for two years; appointed once and elected 
 five times judge of the county court of Hamilton 
 County, Nebr.; declined a sixth nomination for 
 that office in 1895; served as major and judge- 
 advocate-general of the Nebraska National Giuard; 
 elected to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth Con- 
 gresses, and reelected to the Fifty-seventh Con- 
 gress, being the candidate of the People's, Inde- 
 jiendent, Democratic, and Silver Republican 
 parties. 
 
 Starkweather, David A., was a native of 
 Connecticut; received a liberal education; studied 
 law and began practice at Canton, (_)hio; elected 
 a Representative from Ohio to the Twenty-sixth 
 Congress as a Democrat; elected to the Twenty- 
 ninth Congress; defeated for reelection to the 
 Thirtieth Congress; a Presidential elector on the 
 Cass and Butler ticket in 1848; minister to Chile 
 1854-1857. 
 
 Stark-weather, George A., was a native of 
 (Connecticut; moved to Cooperstown, N. Y.; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Thirteenth Congress. 
 
 Starkweather, Henry H., was born at Pre.s- 
 ton. Conn., April 29, 1826; received a common 
 school education; studied law and practiced; 
 member of the State legislature in 1856; delegate 
 to the national Republican conventions of 1860 
 and 1868; appointed postmasterat Norwicli, Conn., 
 in 1865 and reappointed by President Johnson, 
 but resigned in 1866; elected a Representative 
 from Connecticut to the Fortieth, Forty-first, 
 Forty-second, Forty-third, and Forty-fourth Con- 
 gresses as a Repulilican; died at Washington, 
 D. C, January 28, 1876. 
 
 Starr, John F., was born at Philadelphia, Pa., 
 in 1818; received a liberal education; moved to 
 Camden. N. J., in 1844; merchant; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New Jersey to the Thirty-eighth 
 and Thirty-ninth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Stearns, Asahel, was born at Lunenburg, 
 INIass., June 17, 1774; graduated from Harvard Col- 
 lege in 1797; studied law, and began jiractice at 
 Chelmsford, Mass.; held several local offices; 
 elected a Representative from Massat'husetts to the 
 Fourteenth Congress as a Federalist; i)rofessor of 
 law at Harvard College 1817-1829, when he re- 
 signed: died at Cambridge, Mass., Februarys, 1839. 
 
 Stearns, Ozora P., v.as born at Dekalb, N. Y., 
 January 15, 1832; two years at Oberlin College; 
 
 H. Doc. 458 52 
 
 graduated from the University of ilichigan in 
 1858, and from the law department of that univer- 
 sity in 1860, and then conunenceil practice; elected 
 attorney for Olmstead County in 1861; served in 
 the Union Army during the civil war as a lieuten- 
 ant in the Ninth Minnesota Infantry and as colo- 
 nel of the Thirty-ninth U. S. Colored Troops; 
 electeil u I'nited State Senator from Jlinnesota as 
 a Republican to fill the vacancy caused by the 
 death of Daniel S. Norton and took his seat .lanu- 
 ary 23, 1871; died in 1896. 
 
 Stebbins, Henry G. , was born in New York in 
 1812; received a liberal education; engaged in 
 banking; elected a Representative from New York 
 to the Thirty -eighth Congress as a Democrat, serv- 
 ing from December 7, 1863, to October, 1864, when 
 he resigned. 
 
 Stedman, William, was l.)orn in Massachusetts 
 in 1765; graduated from Harvard College in 1784; 
 studied law and in 1787 began practice; held sev- 
 eral local offices; State representative in 1802; 
 elected a Reiiresentati\'e from Massachusetts to 
 the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Con- 
 gresses, serving until 1810, when he resigned; died 
 at Newburyport, Mass., in 1831. 
 
 Steele, George W. , of Marion, Ind., was born 
 in Fayette County, Ind., December 13, 1839; edu- 
 cated in the common schools and at the Ohio 
 Western University, at Delaware, (~)hio; read law; 
 admitted to the bar, and practiced in Hartford 
 City, Ind., from April 11 to 21, 1861, wlien he 
 enlisted in the Eighth Indiana Regiment, but 
 could not be mustered into this regiment on 
 account of excess in numbers; mustered into the 
 Twelfth Indiana on May 2, 1861, and served in 
 this regiment and the One hundred and first 
 Indiana until the close of the war — the first year 
 In the Army of the Potomac, the latter three in 
 the Army of the Cumberland, and with Sherman 
 to the sea; mustered out as lieutenant-colonel in 
 July, 1865; commissioned and served in the Four- 
 teenth L^nited States Infantry from February 23, 
 1866, to February 1, 1876, mainly in California, 
 Arizona, Montana, Nebraska, Wyoming, and 
 Utah; resigned and engaged in farming and pork 
 packing until 1882; established the First National 
 Bank of Clarion, Ind., and became its president; 
 declined the appointment as director of the Union 
 Pacific Railroad; the first governor of Oklahoma, 
 and resigned after serving twenty months; electee! 
 a member of the Board of Managers of the National 
 Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers in 1890; 
 reelected in 1896 and 1902; member of the Forty- 
 seventh, Fortv-eighth, Fortv-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty- 
 fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-seventh 
 Congresses. 
 
 Steele, John, was born at Salisbury, N. C, 
 November 1, 1764; received a liberal education; 
 became a farmer; member of the State liouse of 
 representatives in 1787-88, 1794-95, 1806, 1811, and 
 1813; elected a Representative from North Caro- 
 lina to the First and Second Congresses as a Fed- 
 eralist; appointed Comptroller of the Treasury 
 July 1, 1796; reappointed by President John 
 Adams, and resigned December 15, 1802; again 
 elected to the State house of representatives and 
 died the same dav, August 14, 1815, at Salisburv, 
 N. C. " 
 
 Steele, John B. , was born at Delhi, N. Y., 
 March 28, 1814; graduated from Williams College, 
 Massachusetts; studied law and began practice at 
 Cooperstown, N. Y.; district attorney for Otsego 
 County; moved to King-'^ton; judge of Ulster 
 
818 
 
 CONOBESSIC^AL DIBKCTORY. 
 
 Cniinly; clci-tcii :i Ui'|iri'seiitativi' Iroiii New YdpU 
 tiillifThirty-sfveiitli :iiulTliirty-ei(jrlitli Connressfs 
 as :i DeiiHiinit; ilicil at KinjpJlon, N. Y., S<'])teiii- 
 t«T iM, iS(>i;. 
 
 Steele, John N., wa.-^ buiii in Maryland; rf- 
 gi(ii-<l at Vienna; received a lilicral education; 
 elected a Re|)re«'ntative from Maryland to the 
 Twenty-third l'on(;re.-s ( vite Littleton 1'. Dennis, 
 deceased), a.- a Whisr; reelected to tlie Twenty- 
 fourth Congress. 
 
 Steele, Walter Leak, of Rockingham, N. t'., 
 was horn at Steeles Mills (now Littles Slills). Rich- 
 mond County, N. C, April IS, ISL'.S; educated |iartlv 
 at Randol|>li-Macon C'olUre. at Wake Forest Col- 
 Ic^'c, and then at the I'uivi'rsily of North Curolhia, 
 where he (.'raduatcd in IS-l-l; elected a ineiulier of 
 the State house of coniiiionsin 1S4I>, 1S4S, 18n0,and 
 IS-i-t, and of the State senate in IS.'iL' and ISoH; dele- 
 (;ate to the national Ociuocratic conventions at 
 Charleston and Baltimore in IStiO; secretary of the 
 State convention of IStil which )iassed the ordi- 
 nance of secession; Democratic candidate for Presi- 
 dential elector in the sixth ilistrict in 1S72; elected 
 to the Forty-lifth Congress ami reelected to the 
 Forty-sixth Conf;ress as a Democrat. 
 
 Steele, William G., was born in Somerset 
 County, N. ,1., December 17, 1H20; received an 
 academic education; hanker; elected a Kei)resent- 
 ative from New .Jersey to the Thirty-seventh and 
 Tliirty-eifrhth Conjiresses. 
 
 Steele, William R. , was born at New Y'ork City 
 •Inly 24, 1S41.'; received a liberal education; studied 
 law and practiced; served in the I'nion Army; 
 moved tn Wyominj; Territory and elected a nieni- 
 )>erof the Icfjislative council in 1S7I, and resigned 
 in 1.S7.3; elected a I )elefrate from WyoniintrTerritory 
 to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Coiifrresses as 
 a Democrat. 
 
 Steenrod, Lewis, was a native of Virginia; re- 
 ceived a common school education; elected a Re|>- 
 resentative from Virginia to the Twenty-sixth, 
 Twenty-seventh, and Twenty-eighth Congresses. 
 
 Stenger, William S. , was born at Lonihin, Pa., 
 Februarv 1:5, 1S40; graduated from F'ranklin and 
 Marshall College in IS.'iS; studieil law and in ISiiO 
 began practicing in Chauibersburg; district attor- 
 ney of F'ranklin County lS(iL'-lS71; elected a Re|i- 
 reseiitative from Pennsylvania to the Forty-fourth 
 anil Forty-lifth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Stephens, Abraham P., was a native of New 
 York; electeil a Representative from New York to 
 the Tliirty-second Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Stephens, Alexander Hamilton, was born in 
 that jiart of Wilkes County, (ia., which now forms 
 a part of Taliaferro County, February 11. bslL'; 
 graduate'! from the I'niversity of (ieurgia, at Ath- 
 ens, in 1832; taught school eighteen months; ad- 
 mitted to tlie barat Crawfordsvillein bS.'W; meiulier 
 of the liouse of repi-e.-^entativcs of the (Jeorgia leg- 
 islature from Taliaferro Countv l,s.'!li-1841 ; mem- 
 lier of the State senate from the same county in 
 1842; electeil to thest'ce.-i-sion convention of (ieorgia 
 in ISlil; opiiosed an<l voteil a^'ainst the ordinance 
 of .■■■(•cession in that boilv. but gave it his sui)port 
 after it had lu'en passed by the convention against 
 liis juilgmeiit as to its policy; elei-ted by that con- 
 vention to the Confederate Congre.-^f which met at 
 Montgomery, .\la., February 4, 1861, and cho.^'en 
 Vice-President under the Provisional (iovernmeiit 
 ]»y that Congress; elected Vice-President of the 
 Confederate States for the term of six vears. under 
 
 what wa-^i termeil the permanent Ciovemment. in 
 November, IStil; visited the .'^tate of Virginia on a 
 mission under the Confederate lioverniuent in 
 .Vpril, 181)1, upon the invitation of that Slate; one 
 of the commissioners nu tin' pari of the ( onfeiler- 
 ate (iovernment at the Hampton Roads confer- 
 ence in F\*bruary, 18il.'i; elected asa Representativi; 
 to the Twentv-eighth, Tweiitv-ninth, Thirtieth, 
 Thirty-tirst, Thirty-second. Thirty-third, Thirty- 
 fourth, and Thirty-lifth Congre.sses; electeil to the 
 Senate of the I'liited States in 18l)(; by the first 
 legislature convened under the new constitution, 
 but was not alloweil to take his .■'eat; electe<l to 
 the Forty-third Congress to till the vaiancy caused 
 by the di-ath of Andirose R. Wright; electeil to 
 the F"(jrty-fourth, F'orty-lifth, F'orty-sixth, and 
 Forty-seventh Congres.-'es asa Democrat, serving 
 until Ids re.signation in 18,82; elected governor of 
 (ieorgia in 1882; died at .\tlanta, fia., March 4. 
 
 I8,s:i. 
 
 Stephens, John H., of Vernon, Tex., wits 
 iKirii in Shelby County, Tex.; educated at Man.^;- 
 tield. Tarrant County, Tex.; graduated from the 
 law department of Cumberland Cnivei-sity, Leb- 
 anon, Tenn.. in .lune, 1872, and practiced at 
 Montague, Montague County, and \'ernon, Wil- 
 barger County, Tex.; .served as a State senator in 
 the twenty-lirst and twenty-second legislatures of 
 Texas; elected to the Fifly-liflh Congress as a 
 l)emocrat; reelected to the Fifty-sixtli, Fifty- 
 seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses. 
 
 Stephens, Philander, was born at Montrose, 
 Pa., in 17.SS; received a limited I'ducation; electeda 
 Rcpri.^^entative from Pennsylvania to the Twenty- 
 first and Twentv-si'cond Cougre.^'ses as a .lackson 
 Democrat; dieirat Springfield, Pa., .July 8, 1.842. 
 
 Stephenson, Benjamin, was a native of Ken- 
 tucky; in IsUli moved to Illinois and located in 
 Randolpht'ounty; held several local oflices; .served 
 ill the war of 1812; elected a Delegate from 
 Illinois Territory to the Thirteenth Congress 
 (vice Shadrack Hond, resigned); reelected to the 
 Fourteenth Congress. 
 
 Stephenson, Isaac, of Marinette, Wis., was 
 l)orn in York County, near Fredericton. New 
 Urunswick. June 18, 1,82^); received a common 
 .school education; lumberman and banker: moved 
 to Wisconsin and settled at Milwaukee; engaged 
 in the lumber busine.^^s at Kscanaba, Mich., for 
 twelve years, with headquarters at .Milwaukee; in 
 the spring of 18.i8 moveil to Marinette, Wis.; held 
 various local olHces; member of the Wisconsin 
 legislature in ISiiliand 18(iS; elected to the F'orty- 
 eighth Congress as a Republican; reelected to the 
 Forty-ninth and F'iftieth Congresses. 
 
 Stephenson, James, was born at (iettysbiirg. 
 Pa., March 20, 17i)4; moved to Martinslmrg, Va.; 
 volunteer rilleman under tJeneral SI. Clair in his 
 Indian expedition; brigade inspector; memlier of 
 the State iionse of representatives; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Virginia to the Kighth Congress 
 asa Federalist; electeil to the Kleventh Congress; 
 elected to the .S'venteenth Congres' ( vice Thomas 
 Van Sweariniren, decea.ied); reelected to the 
 Kiiihteenth Congress; died at .Martinsburvj, Va., 
 .\ugust 7. \s:v.\. 
 
 Stephenson, Samuel M., of Menominee, 
 Mich., was born in New Urunswick in 18.M; 
 moved to Maine with his parents wlien l> years of 
 age; moved to Delta County. Mich., in I84(i. 
 where he engai;eil in lumbering; moved to his 
 present jilace of residence in 1.S.S8. and built the 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 819 
 
 second sawmill on tlie river; largely interesteil in 
 real estate, lumberinj;, general nierehandisinfj, and 
 farming; president First National Bank, and an 
 otlicer in the Kirby Carpenter Company, of Me- 
 nominee, and an oliicer in the Stephenson Bank- 
 ing Company, of ^larinette. Wis. ; eliairman of the 
 board of supervisors of Menominee County for 
 several years; representative in the State legisla- 
 ture 1877-78, and a member of tlie senate 1879-80 
 and 1885-86; Presidential elector in 1880 on the 
 Republican ticket, and a delegate to the national 
 Republican convention in 1884 and 1888: elected 
 to the Fifty-first, Fifty-second, Fifty-third, and 
 Fifty-fourth Congresses as a Reiniblican. 
 
 Sterig-ere, John B. , was born at Upper Dublin, 
 Pa.; moved to Jlorristown; received a liberal edu- 
 cation; held several local offices; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Pennsylvania to the Twentieth 
 Congress as a Jackson Democrat: reelected to the 
 Twenty-first Congress. 
 
 Sterling, Ansel, was a native of New London 
 County, Conn.; resided at Sharon; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Connecticut to the Se\'enteenth 
 and Eighteenth Congresses. 
 
 Sterling, Micah, was born at Lyme, Conn., in 
 1781; graduated from Yale College in 1804; studied 
 law and began practice at Adams; moved to 
 Watertown, N. Y.; held several local offices; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Seventeenth Congress; died at Watertown, N. Y., 
 April 10, 1844. 
 
 Sterrett, Samuel, was licirn in ilaryland in 
 1756; received a liberal education ; studied law and 
 began practice at Baltimore, where he held several 
 local offices; elected a Representative from Mary- 
 land to the Second Congress; died at Baltimore 
 July 12, 18.3.3. 
 
 Stetson, Charles, was born at New Ipswich, 
 N. H., November 7, 1801; taken by his parents to 
 Hampden, Me., in 1802; graduated from Yale Col- 
 lege in 1823; studied law and began practice at 
 Hampden; moved to Bangor in 1833; judge of the 
 Bangor municipal court in 1834; elected a member 
 of the State council 1845-1848; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Maine to the Thirty-first Congress 
 as a Demiicrat. 
 
 Stetson, Lemuel, was a native of New York; 
 received a liberal education; studied law and 
 began practice at Keeseville; member of the State 
 house of representatives three terms; elected to 
 the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat; county 
 judge of Clinton County 1847-1851; again a mem- 
 ber of the State house of representatives. 
 
 Stevens, Aaron F. , was Iwrn at Derry, N. H., 
 August 9, ISU); received a liberal education; 
 studied law and admitted to the liar; served four 
 terms in the New York State legislature; held 
 several local offices; served in the t'nion Army as 
 major of the First New Hamjishire Volunteers 
 and lirigadier-general by brevet; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New Hampshire to the Fortieth 
 and Forty-first Congresses as a Republican; again 
 elected to the State legislature and served several 
 terms; died at Nashua, X. H., May 10, 1887. 
 
 Stevens, Bradford N. , was liorn at Webster, 
 N. H., January 3, 1813; graduated from Dart- 
 mouth College in 1835; taught school six years; 
 moved to Bureau County, 111., in 1846; merchant 
 and a farmer; held several county offices; elected 
 a Representative from Illinois to the Forty -second 
 Congress as an Indejiendent Democrat. 
 
 Stevens, Charles A., was elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Massachusetts to the Forty-third 
 Congress ( in place of Alvah Crocker, deceased ) as 
 a Republican, serving from Januarv 27, 1875, to 
 March 3, 1875. 
 
 Stevens, Frederick Clement, of St. Paul, 
 Minn., was born at Boston, Mass., January 1, 
 1861; educated in common schools of Rockland, 
 Me. ; graduated from Bowdoin College, Brunswick, 
 Me., in 1881; from law school of the State Univer- 
 sity of Iowa in 1884; admitted to the liar in 1884, 
 and commenced practice in St. Paul; electe<l to 
 the State legislature of Minnesota for sessions of 
 1888-89 and 1890-91; elected to the Fifty-fiftli, 
 Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Con- 
 gresses as a Republican. 
 
 Stevens, Hester L. , was born at Lima, N. Y., 
 October, 1803; received a liberal education ; studied 
 law and began practice at Rochester, N. Y.; moved 
 to Pontiac, Mich. ; elected a Representative from 
 Michigan to the Thirty-third Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; died at Georgetown, D. C, May 7, 1864. 
 
 Stevens, Hiram S., was born at Weston, Vt., 
 in 1832; received a limited e<lucation; located in 
 that part of New Mexico now Arizona, in 18.56; 
 member of the Territorial legislature of Arizona 
 1868-1873; elected a Delegate from Arizona to the 
 Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses as an 
 Independent. 
 
 Stevens, Isaac Ingalls, was ))orn at Andover, 
 Mass., March 28, 1818; graduated from West Point 
 in 1839; entered the Corps of Engineers; served 
 on the staff of General Scott in Mexico; an assistant 
 in the Coast Survey; governor of Washington Ter- 
 ritory 1853-1857; elected a Delegate from Wash- 
 ington Territory to the Thirty-tifth and Thirty- 
 sixth Congresses as a Democrat; entered the LTnion 
 Army as colonel of the Seventy-ninth New York 
 Highlanders; ajiijointed brigadier-general, major- 
 general, and commanded a division; wounded at 
 the second battle of Bull Run; died at Chantillv, 
 Va., September 1, 1862. 
 
 Stevens, John, was born in New York City 
 about 1708; a Delegate from New Jersey to the 
 Continental Congress in 1784; died in May 1792. 
 
 Stevens, James, was born at Fairfield, Conn., 
 in 1768; elected a Representative from Connecticut 
 to the Sixteenth Congress as a Democrat; post- 
 ma.ster at Stamford, Conn., in 1,S22; died at Stam- 
 ford, Conn., April 16, 1835. 
 
 Stevens, Moses T., was born at North An- 
 dover, Essex County, Mass., Octolier 10, 1825; gi-a<l- 
 uated from Phillips Academy, Andover, in 1842; 
 entered Dartmouth College same year, and left 
 that institution in 1843 to learn business of manu- 
 facturing woolen goods, and engaged in that lousi- 
 ness in North Andover; member of the Massachu- 
 setts house of representatives in 1861 and of the 
 senate in 1868; president of .\ndover National 
 Bank; elected to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third 
 Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Stevens, Robert S., was born in .A.ttica, now 
 Wyoming County, N. Y., March 27, 1824; received 
 an academic education; studied law, and admitted 
 to the bar in 1856; elected to tlic Forty-eighth 
 Congress as a Democrat; after the expiration of 
 his term in Congress retired from public life on 
 account of ill health; died Februarv 23, 1893, at 
 Attica, N. Y. 
 
 Stevens, Thaddeus, was born at Danville, Vt., 
 April 4, 1792: graduated from Dartmouth College; 
 
8'_>() 
 
 ( oNtJKESSIONAl, UIKKlToKY. 
 
 inovcil til Pennsylvania in ISH; studii'il lnw ami 
 Itejran |iraclire; servcil in llu' I'finiHvlvania Slatt^ 
 k'tjislatiiri' 1,HS:{- 18:15, 1S:{7, and IS4l": nu'inlHT of 
 tlu' Stato CDnHtituticiinil convention in IKiH; a\>- 
 pointi'il a canal I'oniniissinncr in 1S;{8; nuiveil to 
 l,an<'astcr, Ta., in IS4L'; clcclcil a Kcprcsentativc 
 from I'lMnisylvania to the Tliiiiy-lirst ('on>;rcss as 
 a Wliiir: rcclcitcil to llic Tliirty-scidml Connri'ss; 
 elected tothcTliirty-sixtli.Thirty-si'Vcntli.Tliirty- 
 I'iirlilh, Tliirty-nintli, and I'ortictli Coiifrresses; 
 die.l at Wa^-liinnton, D. C. Anjrust 11, IStiS. 
 
 Stevenson, Adlai E., of liloominKlon. 111., 
 was liorn in ( 'liii>ti:ni (oiinly, Ky., ( Ictoher li.i, 
 W.V>; moved In Hloi.miii^ton, 111.," in ISnl'; edii- 
 catfd at the Illinoi.-i \Ve.><leyan rniveiNity and at 
 Centre Colletfe, Kentncky; lawyer liy profess^ion; 
 master in chancery at Woodford County, 111., from 
 18()1 to ISii.T; Slate attorney for the twenty-third 
 judicial <-irinit from KH()4 ti> 18()S; He|iresentative 
 from Illinois to the Korty-fourlh Conjrress: ap- 
 pointed liy the Tresident a niemher of the hoard 
 of vi.xitor.-f' to ^Ve.st Point in 1S77; eU'cted to the 
 Forty-sixlh Con>;ress by the National (ireenhaek 
 and Democrat parties; delegate to the national 
 Democratic conventions 1SS4 ami ISilU; Kirst As- 
 .sistant Postmaster (ieneral 1 S.s.'i- 1 .SSi) ; Vice-Pres- 
 ident of the United States 1.S!«-1S!I7; mem her of 
 the connnission to iMirope to iry to secnre inter- 
 national bimetallism in lSii7; defealed for Vi<-c- 
 Presideiitof the United States in lHOOon the Dem- 
 ocratic ticket. 
 
 Stevenson, Andrew, was horn in Cnl]ieper 
 County. \'a., iu 17S4; received a da.ssical educa- 
 tion; studied lawaiKl liejjan ]iracticeat Hichmond, 
 Va.; mcmlierof the State house of representatives 
 1804-1 SL'O; speaker of the house of representatives 
 several years; ele<-ted a Representative from Vir- 
 ginia to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth. 
 Twenty-tii'st, Twenty-second, and Twenty-third 
 Congresses as a Democrat, serving until .June L', 
 1834, when he resigned; served as Speaker of the 
 House lS-J7-ls;i4; minister to » Jreat Hrilaiii ISSli- 
 1841; died in Albemarle Count V, \'a., .lanuarv 25, 
 1857. 
 
 Stevenson, James S., was born in York 
 Counly. I'a.; rcci'ived a liberal education; studied 
 law and practiieii: held .-several local otiices; 
 elected a Kepresenlalive from Pemisylvania to the 
 Nineteenth and Twentieth Congre.-'.ses; died at 
 Pittsburg, Pa., October 17, is:51. 
 
 Stevenson, Job E., wa.s born in Ross County, 
 Ohio, Kebruary 10, l.s.il; receiveil a liberal cdiica- 
 tUm: studied law and ailmitteil to the bar; mem- 
 ber of the Ohio State senate 1S()S-18I)5; moved to 
 Cincinnati, Ohio, iu 18t>5; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Ohio to the Porty-tirst and Forty-second 
 Congresses as a Reiinbliean. 
 
 Stevenson, John W. , was born at Richmond, 
 Va., May 4. Isl'J; grailuated from the University 
 of N'irginia in l.'<:i4; nioveil to Kentncky in 1H41; 
 counly attorney; a representative iu the legisla- 
 ture of Kiulurky for si'Veral years; memherof the 
 Kentni'ky constitulioual convention « Inch fnuiii'il 
 the present constitution; Presidi-utial elector in 
 1852 and 1K5I>; elected a Reiir<>.sentative from Ken- 
 tucky to the Thirty-lifth and Thirty-sixth Con- 
 presses asa Democrat: elected lieulenant-governor 
 of Kentucky in 18()7; elected governor in 1808; 
 elected a United States Senator from Kentucky as 
 a Democrat 1871-1877: died at Covington, Ky., 
 August 10, 18Sii. 
 
 Stewart, Alexander, of AVausiui, Wis,, was 
 born Sc-plember 12. IS-.'O. in York County, New 
 
 itrunswick, ami receiveil a <'oiniiiOn school educa- 
 tion at that place; moved to what is now .Mar- 
 athon County in lH4t) and settled where the lity 
 of Waiisau is now locateil, engaging in the lum- 
 ber business; electeil to the I'ifty-fourth Congress 
 as a Kepublican, and reelected to the Kifly-lifth 
 and Fifty-sixth Congre.-ises. 
 
 Stewart, Andrew, was born iu I'ayette County, 
 Pa., .luiu', 17112; received a public school educa- 
 tion; studied law, andlugan practiceat Unioulown; 
 Iiiiled States atlorriey for the wi'steru district of 
 Pennsylvania; served three years as a member of 
 the State house of representatives; elected a Kep- 
 resentativi' from Pemisylvania to the Seventeenth, 
 Kighteenth, .Nineteenth, and Twentieth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; elected to the Tweiity- 
 .sec'onil and Twenty-third Congre.s.ses; defealeil for 
 reelection; electeil to the Twenty-eighth, Twenty- 
 ninth, and Thirtieth Congresses; died at Union- 
 town, Pa.,. Inly Ki, 1872. 
 
 Stewart, Archibald, was a Delegate from New 
 
 .lersey lo the Conlineutal Congress 1784-85. 
 
 Stewart, Archibald, was borif in N'irgiuia; re- 
 ceivi-d a limited education; held .-ieveral local 
 offices; elected a Representative from Virginia to 
 the Twenty-lifth Congress as a Democriit; defeateil 
 as the Demorratic candidate for reelection. 
 
 Stewart, Charles, was horn at Memphis, Tenn., 
 May 'AO, IKU'y, by profession a. lawyer; elected to 
 tlie Forty-eighlh Congress, and reelected to the 
 Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty-first, and Fifty-second 
 Congresses as a Democrat; after his retirement 
 from Congress resumeil the practice of law; died 
 September 21, 1895. 
 
 Stewart, David, was born at Baltimore, Md., 
 .■September IU. ISOO; received a thorough Fnglish 
 education; slndied law and practiced; apiioinleda 
 United States Senator from .Maryland (vice R. 
 .lohnsou, resigned I, .serving from Decemlier 8, 
 1849, to .(anuary 14, 1850; di'ttd at Baltimore, Md., 
 .Fanuary 5, 18.5,S. 
 
 Stewart, Jacob H., was horn at Clermont, 
 N. Y., .lanuary l.'i, 1S29; moved with his parents 
 to Peekskill, .N. Y.; received a limited education; 
 studied medicine and graduated from Ihe Univer- 
 sity Medical College of New York City: moved to 
 to St. Paul, Minn., in 18.55; memherof the State 
 .senate of Minnesota l,S.5,S-.59; surgeon in the Union 
 .Vrmy; captured at the first battle of Hull Run, 
 paroled, and allowed to care for wouniUi.1 at 
 Sudlev Church Hospital; mayor of St. Paul in 
 1.81)4, 'l 808, 1872-1874: postma.-lerof St. Paul 18»>.5- 
 1870; elected a Reiireseiitative from Minnesota to 
 the Fortv-tifth Congress as a Rejiublican; died at 
 St. Paul,' Minn , August 2.5, 1,S84. 
 
 Stewart, James, was born iu North Carolina 
 in 1770; received a connnon school education; 
 elected a Re]>re.sentative from North Carolina to 
 the Fifteenth Congress; died February :t, 1S42. 
 
 Stewart, James A., was born iu Dorchester 
 County. Md., .NovemlHT 24, 1.808; received a 
 liberal education: .•studied law and beg-an practice 
 at Cambridge, .Mil.; member of the State house of 
 representatives; elected a Representative from 
 .Maryland to the Thirty-fourth, Thirty-lifth, and 
 Thirty-sixth Congres.«es lus a Democrat. 
 
 Stewart, James Fleming:, of Paterson, N. J., 
 was born al Palei-son. .N. ,1., .lime 15, 1851; at- 
 tended public and private schools in Paterson and 
 the University of the City of New York, and grad- 
 uated from the law school of the latter institution 
 
BIOGBAPHIES. 
 
 821 
 
 in 1870; practiced law in New York City until 
 1875; tnree times appointed recorder of Paterson 
 (the criminal magistrate of the city), which office 
 he occupied at the time of his election to Con- 
 gress; elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a 
 Republican: reelected to the Fifty-tifth, Fifty- 
 sixth, and Fifty-seventh Congresses. 
 
 Stewart, John, was elected a Representative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Sixth Congress, vice 
 Thomas Hartly, deceased; reelected to the 
 Seventh and Kighth Congresses. 
 
 Stewart, John, was born at Chatham, Conn., 
 in 17it.'); received a liberal education; farmer; 
 studied law and admitteii t" jiractice: served for 
 several years as a member of the .State legislature; 
 judge of the county court; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Connecticut to the Twenty-eighth Con- 
 gress; died at Chatham, Conn., September 16, 1860. 
 
 Stewart, John D. , was born in Fayette County, 
 (Ta., August '2. 1833: received a common school 
 education; attended Marshall College two years; 
 taught school two years at (Tritfin, during which 
 time read law, and admitted to practice in 18.56; 
 elected probate judge and served as such ti\e years; 
 lieutenant and captain in the Thirteenth Georgia 
 Regiment during the late war; menilier of the 
 Georgia legislature 186."i-lS67; ordaineil a minister 
 of the Baptist Church in 1871; mayor of Griffin 
 1875-76; judge of the superior court from Novem- 
 ber 7, 1879, until January 1, 1886; twice elected 
 judge by the legislature without opposition; re- 
 signed to become a I'andidate for Congress; trus- 
 tee of Mercer University, Georgia, and of Theo- 
 logical Seminary, Louisville, Ky. ; elected to the 
 Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses as a Democrat; 
 died January 28, 1894, at Griffin, Ga. 
 
 Stewart, John Knox, of Amsterdam, N. Y., 
 was born in the town of Perth, Fulton County, 
 N. Y., October 20, 1853; moved to Amsterdam 
 with his parents in early life; educated in the 
 public schools and at Amsterdam Academy; left 
 school to take charge of his father's estate; entered 
 the knitting mill of Schuyler & Blood; purchased 
 the half interest formerly owne<l by Jlr. Schuyler 
 in 1888, and at the death of Mr. Blood became 
 sole proprietor of the Chuctanunda Hosiery Mills, 
 Amsterdam; one of the original sewer conunis- 
 sioners of the city; for a long time a director of 
 the Farmers' National Bank of Amsterdam, and 
 the Chuctanunda Gas Light Company; also vice- 
 president cif the Amsterdam board of trade; 
 elected member of the assembly from Montgomi-ry 
 County in 1889; elected to the Fifty-sixth Con- 
 gress and reelected to the Fifty-seventh Congress 
 as a Republican. 
 
 Stewart, John W., of Middlebury, Vt., was 
 born at Middlebury, Vt.; graduated from ^liddle- 
 bury College in 1846; studied law and admitted to 
 the bar in 1850; prosecuting attorney of the 
 county three years; member of the Vermont 
 house of representatives eight years; speaker of 
 the house four years; a member of the senate two 
 years; governor of the State of Vermont two 
 years, 1870-1872; elected to the Forty-eighth Con- 
 gress and reelected to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, 
 and Fifty-first Congresses as a Republican; after 
 leaving Congress resumed the practice of law. 
 
 Stewart, Lewis, of Piano, 111., was born in 
 "Wayne County, Pa., November 20, 1824; received 
 a common school education; read law an<l a<l- 
 mitted to the bar; moved with his parents in 
 
 1838 to Kendall County, 111.; engaged in farming 
 and nianufa<'turing; Democratic candidate for 
 governor in 1876; elected to the Fifty-second Con- 
 gress as a Democrat. 
 
 Stewart, Thomas E. , was born at New York 
 City September 22, 1824; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; studied law and admitted to the bar; held 
 several local offices; memlier of the State a.«send)ly 
 of New York in 1864 and 1865; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New York to the Fortieth Congress. 
 
 Stewart, William, was born at IMercer, Pa., 
 September 16, 1811; graduated from Jeff er.sou Col- 
 lege; studied law and began practice at Mercer, 
 Pa.; served in the State senate for three years; 
 elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses as a 
 Republican. 
 
 Stewart, William Morris, of Carson City, 
 Nev., was li<jrn at Lyons, Wayne County, N. Y., 
 August 9, 1827; moved with tiis parents while a 
 small child to Mesopotamia Township, Trumbull 
 County, Ohio: attended Lyons L^nion School and 
 Farmington Academy; teacher of mathematics in 
 the former school while yet a pupil; with the 
 little money thus earned and the assistance of 
 James C. Smith, one of the judges of the supreme 
 court of New York, be entered Yale College, re- 
 maining thereuntil the winter of 1849-50, when, 
 attracted by the gold discoveries in California, he 
 found his way thither, arriving at San Francisco 
 in May, 1850; immediately engagerl in mining 
 with pick and shovel in Nevada County, and in 
 this way accumulated some money; in the spring 
 of 1852 he commenced the study of law under 
 John R. McConnell, and in December following 
 was appointed district attorney, to which office he 
 was electeil at the gener.d election of the next 
 year; appointed attorney-general of California in 
 1854; moved to Virginia City, Nev., in 1860, where 
 he was largely engaged in early mining litigation 
 and in the develojmient of the Comstock lode; 
 chosen a member of the Territorial council in 1861 ; 
 elected a member of the constitutional convention 
 in 1863: elected to the United States Senate in 
 1864, taking his seat February 1, 1865, and reelected 
 in 1869; resumed the practice of law in Nevada, 
 California, and the Pacific coast generally in 1875, 
 and was thus engaged when elected to the United 
 States Senate as a Re]iublican in 1887 to succeed 
 James G. Fair, Democrat, and took his seat March 
 4, 1887: was reelected in 1893 and 1899. 
 
 Stiles, John D., was born in Luzerne County, 
 Pa., January 15, 1823; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; studied law, and in 1844 began practice; 
 held several local offices; delegate to the national 
 convention which nominated JMr. Buchanan for 
 President in 1856, to the Philadelphia national 
 Union convention in 1866, and the Democratic 
 convention in 1868; elected a Representati\e from 
 Pennsylvania to the Thirty-seventh Congress (vice 
 T. B. Coo]ier, deceased) as a Democrat; reelected 
 to the Thirty-eighth Congre.«s; elected to the 
 Forty-first Congress. 
 
 Stiles, William H. , was born at Savannah, Ga. , 
 in January, 1808; received a liberal education; 
 studied law and began practice at Savannah; soli- 
 citor-general for the eastern district of Georgia 
 1833-1836; elected a Representative fmni (ieorgia 
 to the Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat; 
 charge d'affaires to Austria 1845-1849; served in 
 the Confederatearmvas colonel; died at Savannah, 
 1 Ga., December 20, 1865. 
 
82>_> 
 
 CONliKESSIONAL UIRKCTOKY. 
 
 Stillwell, Thomas N., wa.« Ixirii at Stillwcll, 
 Oliin. Adjiii^t L'll, is:!t»; iccciviMl ii tli(>i(iiif:h Isii^;- 
 lisli cihication; ^'tllllil'<l law ami Ix ;;an inacticc at 
 AiiiltTsiiii, liid.; iiu'iiilicr of the Stall' U'^:i^^latnl■(■ 
 ill ISIili; si-rvfil in till' I'liioii Anii\ ; tliiti-il a Kcp- 
 resentativf I'miii Imliaiia to tlu' Tliirty-niiitli Ciii- 
 jrrtvs as a Ht'piililicaii; iiiinistor ivsicU-nt to N'ono- 
 ziu'la lXti7-ti^; liii'd at Ainlei>on. Iiul., .laiuiarv 
 U, 1874. 
 
 Stivers, Moses Sunning:, was Ixini near 
 BeeiiuTvilU', Svis.si'X Coiiiity, N. .1., ])o(vnil)er .'iO, 
 1M2M; t'llucati'il at Mount Ketircinciit Scininary, in 
 Wantajjo, Sussex County, N. .I.; worked on liis 
 father's farm in suinnier and tannlit scliool dnrin;; 
 the winter; enjiajieil in niereantile pursuits lor 
 seven years: elected eounly elerk of Orange 
 Coiuitv in ISIi-l, ami served tliree years; ajii^iinted 
 by President (irant in lS(i9 eolleetor of Tniteil 
 States internal revenue for the eleventh district 
 of New Yi>rk; hei'anie iiroprietor of the Oranjie 
 County Press in l,S(iK; also one of the proprietors 
 and editors of the MiiliUetown Oaily Press; dele- 
 gjite to the national Kepnlilican convention in 
 18!S0; ])resi(lent of the New York State Press Asso- 
 ciation in ISHT; for many years a truste<Mif the New 
 York State Ilome(ipathic Asylum for tlii' Insane 
 atMiddletown; trustee and secretary of the Mid- 
 dletown Savin;:s Bank; director of the Merchants 
 and Manufacturers' National Hank of Mid<lletown: 
 Kepnlilican candidate for Congress in the Fif- 
 teenth district of New York in 1S84; elected to the 
 l-'ifty-lirst Coutrress as a Kepublican; died in LSil'i. 
 
 Stockbridge, Francis B.. was born at Hath, 
 Me., April il, 182(); received a ctpuiiuon school edu- 
 cation; clerk in a wholesale house in Hoston from 
 IS4:!till 1847. when he went toCliica>.'oand ojiened 
 a lumber yard, beitifr interested in .sawmills in 
 Michi}j:an; "moved to Allejian County, Mich., in 
 IS.M. takiu!.'char};e of his mills; elected to the Icf.'- 
 islature in KSliil, and to the senate in 1871; elected 
 to the Cnited States Senate as a Kepublican to 
 succeed Omar I>. Conper, Republican, and took his 
 Beat March 4, 1887; reelected in 1893, servin;: until 
 his death, April :!0, 1894. 
 
 Stockbridge, Henry, jr., of Baltimore, Mil., 
 was born at Baltimore City, Md.. September 18, 
 l,S.")ti; fitted for collejie at Willistou Seminary. 
 Kastluunpton, Ma.ss. ; entered Amhei-st Colle;;e in 
 the fall of 1873, (.'raduatin;; theri'from in the class 
 of 1877; entered tlu> 1-aw School of the I'nivei-sity 
 of .Maryland, and received the dcfiree of LI-. B. 
 from that institution in the cla.-s of IS78; a<lmitted 
 to the praitice of law, which ))rofession he fol- 
 lowed; in .April, 18S7. Itecame oneof the eilitorial 
 staff of the Baltimore .Vmerican; in December, 
 18H2, ajipointeci an examiner in eipiity by the 
 supreme bench of Baltimore City; elected to the 
 Kiftv-lirst Congress as a Kepublican. 
 
 Stockdale, Thomas Ringland, was born in 
 (ireeiie t'ountv, Pa.; of Irish descent; sjielit his 
 
 bovh 1 on his father's farm; uraduatetl from 
 
 Jefferson CoUesrc in IS.")l), ami from the law depart- 
 ment of the rniversity of Mississippi in 18.')9; set- 
 tleil in Pike County. Miss., in 18.'i7; eiilisled as a 
 private in the Sixteenth Mississippi Infantry in 
 l.siil; elected successively lieutenant, adjutant, 
 ami major of that leKimeiil; elected major of Stock- 
 ilale's battalion of cavalry in 18()3, ami commanded 
 the outposts of the army at Port llmlson till it was 
 inve.sleil; made lieutenant-colonel of the Kourlh 
 Mississipjii Cavalry in 18m; at tlu' ilcw of the war 
 returned toSiiinmlt, where he eiiiraped In tlie|irac- 
 t ice of law; member of the national I)einoci-atic 
 convention in 18f>8; Presidential elector on the 
 
 Ueinoiratic ticket in 1872, ami atmin in 1884; 
 electeil to the Kiftiefh, Kifty-lirsl. I''ifly-.second, 
 and I'ifty-third Congresses as a iH'iiiocrat; ap- 
 pointed jnilp' of the s\ipreme court of .Mi,<si.>^sippi 
 December 1, IS\H'>; iliedat Suiniuit, Miss., January 
 8, 1899. 
 
 Stockslager, Strother M., of Cnrydnn, Ind., 
 Has born at .Mauckporl. Harrison County, Ind., 
 .May 7, 1841'; attended common schools, Corydon 
 lliflU .School, and the State I'niversity at Blooin- 
 in);ton; taught school; s^'cond lieutenant ami cap- 
 tain in the Thirteenth Indiana Cavalry; deputy 
 county aiKlitor two years; dejiuty county clerk two 
 years; appointeil by .\mlrew Johnson as a.s.ses,sor 
 of internal revenue; stuilied law, and a<linitted to 
 the bar at Corydon in 1871, where he re.siiled and 
 practiced his prol'e.--sion ; eilitor of the Corydon 
 beiiiocrat; memlK-r of the Indiana State senate 
 1874-1878; elected to the Forty-seventh and Forty- 
 eij,'hth Cont;resses as a Democrat; ap|)ointe<l assist- 
 ant commissioner of the (ieiieral Unid Oflice in 
 18.S4, which ])osition he held until the resignation 
 of Commissioner Sparks, when he was appointed 
 Coinniissiouerof the ( ieneral Land Oflice; resi>;ned 
 Mari-h 4, 1,8.S9, but remained in charge until June 
 ■Jd, 1889, when his iX'si>;nation was acce]itiHl; re- 
 sumed the practice of law in Washiunton, J). C. ; 
 Democratic candiilale for l'oii).'ress in the Tliird 
 Indiana district in 1894 and det\'at»-d. 
 
 Stockton, John P., was born at Prinreton, 
 N. .1., Aufiust 'J, 18L'(i; ;;railuateil from Princeton 
 CoUe-re in 1843; studied law and Ix'tran jiraetice in 
 l.S4t>; held several local offices; in 18.'i8 appointed 
 minister resident at Home, but in IStil recalled at 
 his own request; elected a I'nited States Senator 
 from New .lersey in 1.8li.T for a term of six vears. 
 but a year later that body ileclare<I his election to 
 have been informal, and his seat was declared va- 
 cant; as-'aiii elected a I'niteil States Senator as a 
 Democrat (vice F. T. Frelinghuya>n ), siTvingfrom 
 1.809 to 1875; elected State attoriiey-general in 1877. 
 
 Stockton, Richard, was born at Princeton. 
 N. .1., Octobir 1. 1730; ^rrailnated from Princeton 
 Colletje in 174S; studied law. ami bepm practiceat 
 Princeton in 17.'>4; held several local (...sitions; 
 Delegate from New Jersey to the Continental Con- 
 ■rre.-'s 177t>-77; died near Princeton, N. J., Febru- 
 ary I'S, 1781. 
 
 Stockton, Richard (son of Richard .'Stockton 
 ami father of John P. Stockton and Robert F. 
 SlocklouK was born at Princeton. N. J., .\pril 17. 
 17ii4: firaduated from Nassau Hall in 1779; studiiNl 
 law and befiaii pra<'ticeat Princeton, N. J.; elected 
 a United States Seiuitor from New Jersey a.s a 
 Federali.st, serviiifrfrom DeceinlxM-t., 179(>, to .March 
 3, 1799; declined a reelection; elected a Kepresent- 
 ative from New Jei-sey to the Thirteenth Con^rress, 
 ami di'c-line(l a reelection; died at I'riucetou, N. J., 
 Mar.h 7. 18-J8. 
 
 Stockton, Robert Field (son of Rirhnrd Stock- 
 ton ), was born at Princeton, N. J., Anv'ust 20, 179.1; 
 attended Princeton ColU%'e; entered the I'.S. Navy 
 in 1811 and altaineil the rank of commodore; .sent 
 to the Pacific loast in OcloU^r. 184."); coni|UeriMl 
 California in 184ii: returned home and resijjneil 
 his coimnissioii; elected a I'niteil States .Senator 
 from New .lei>ey as a Democnil, .serviim from Itvil 
 lo I8,'i3, when lien'signe«I; died at I'rinceton, N. J., 
 Octol)er 7, l.'<tili. 
 
 Stoddard, Ebenezer, was born at West Wood- 
 stock, Conn., May ti, 17.8ti; gradnati'il from Brown 
 Fniversity in 1806; studied law ami iMjjmn practice 
 
B10GBAPHIE8. 
 
 823 
 
 at West Woodstock; served several years in the 
 State legislature; one year as lieutenant-governor; 
 elected a Representative from Connecticut to the 
 Seventeenth and Eighteenth Congresses; died at 
 Woodstock, Conn., August 11, 1848. 
 
 Stoddart, JohnT., was born in Charles County, 
 j\[d., in 1790; graduated from Princeton College in 
 1810; served in the war of 1812; member of the 
 State house of representatives; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from JSlaryland to tlie Twenty-third Con- 
 gress as a Jackson Democrat; died in Charles 
 County, :Md., July 19, 1870. 
 
 Stokely, Samuel, was a native of Ohio; re- 
 ceived an academic education; studied law and 
 began practice at Steulienville, Ohio; held several 
 local offices; elected a Representative from Oliio 
 to the Twenty-seventh Congress as a Wliig. 
 
 Stokes, J. William, was Ijorn in Orangeburg 
 County, S. ('.. in 1853; brought up to farm life, 
 atten<ling the ordinary schools of his county anil 
 town until he was 19 )'ears of age; graiiuatcd 
 from Wasliington and Lee Univereity, Virginia, 
 in 187(1, and taught school for twelve years, 
 graduating in the meantime in medicine from 
 Vaiiilerl lilt University, Tennessee; returned to the 
 farm in 1889; assisted in organizing the farmers, 
 and }>resident of the State Farmers' Alliance two 
 terms; elected to the State senate in 1890; delegate 
 at large to the national Democratic convention at 
 Chicago in 1892. and Presidential elector on the 
 Democratic ticket the same year; defeated for the 
 Democratic nomination in the old First Congres- 
 sional district in 1892 by a sma'.l majority; nomi- 
 nated witliout opposition in the Democratic pri- 
 maries in the .■seventh Congressional district in 
 1894; elected to the Fifty-fourtli Congress as a 
 Democrat, and reelected to the Fifty-fifth and 
 Fifty-sixth Congresses; died July 7, 1901. 
 
 Stokes, Montford, was born in North Caio- 
 lina in 17(i0; rct'cived a lilieral education; held 
 several local offices; elected a l'nite<l States Sen- 
 ator from North CaroHna (vice James Turner, 
 resigned) as a Democrat, and reelected, serving 
 from Deceudjer Iti, 1816, to March 3, 1823; State 
 senator in 1826 and a State representative in 1829 
 and 1830; governor of the State 1830-31; re- 
 signed to superintend the removal of the Indians 
 west of the iSIississippi River; Indian agent for 
 Arkansas Territory, where he died in 1842. 
 
 Stokes, 'William B., was born in Chatham 
 County, N. ('.. Septemlier 9, 1814; received a 
 public school edui'ation ; farmer ; served several 
 years in lioth branches of tlie legislature; elected 
 a Representative from Tennessee to the Thirty- 
 sixth Congress as a Whig ; entered the T'nion 
 Army in 1862 as major of Tennessee Volunteers 
 and promoted to colonel and suljsequently bre- 
 vetted major-general; elected to the Thirty-ninth, 
 Fortieth, and Forty-first Congresses, and defeated 
 as the Republican candidate for the Forty-second 
 Congress. 
 
 Stone, Alfred P., was a merchant at Colum- 
 bus, Ohio; elected a Representative from Ohio to 
 the Twenty-eighth Congress (vice H. A. Moore, 
 deceaseil); ajipointed acting treasurer of Ohio in 
 1856; appiiinted collector of internal revenue for 
 the Columbus district of Ohio in 1862; died at 
 Columbus, Ohio, August 1, 1865. 
 
 Stone, Charles W., of Warren, Pa., was born 
 at (iroton, Mass., June 29, 1843; fitted for college 
 at Lawrence Academy, Groton, and grailuated from 
 Williams College in 1863; admitted to the bar in 
 
 1867, and engaged in the practice of law; appointed 
 county superintendent of schools of Warren 
 County in 1865; member of the Pennsylvania 
 house of representatives 1870-71; member of the 
 Pennsylvania senate 1877-78; lieutenant-governor 
 of that State from 1879 to 1883; appointed secretary 
 of the Commonwealth January 18, 1.S87. which 
 office he resigned to accept the nomination for 
 Congress; elei'ted as a Repulilican to the vacancy 
 caused l>y the death of Hon. L. F. Watson; re- 
 elected to the Fifty-second, Fifty-third, Fifty- 
 fourth, and Fifty-fifth Congresses. 
 
 Stone, David, was born at Hope, X. C, Febru- 
 ary 17, 1770; graduated from Princeton College in 
 1788; studied law, ami in 1790 began practicing; 
 served se\eral years in the State house of repre- 
 sentatives; judge of the supreme court of North 
 Carolina 1795-1798; electe<l a Representative from 
 North Carolina to the Sixth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; elected a United States Senator from North 
 Carolina, serving from 1801 to 1806, when he re- 
 signed to become a judge of the supreme court of 
 the State; governor of North Carolina 1808-1810; 
 again elected a L^nited States Senator in 1813, Ijut 
 resigned; died at Raleigh, N. C, Octolier 7, 1818. 
 
 Stone, Eben F., was born at Newburyport, 
 Mass., in 1822; graduated from Harvard Univer- 
 sity in 184:>, and at the law school of the university 
 in 1846; commenced the practice of law in New- 
 buryport in 1847; served in both branches of the 
 Massachusetts legislature; held office, both civil 
 and military, under the United States, and in the 
 war of the rebellion commanded the Forty-eighth 
 Regiment of Massachusetts Volunteer Militia 
 during its term of service; served two years as 
 chairman of the Republican State committee of 
 Massachusetts; elected to the Forty-seventh Con- 
 gress as a Republican; reelected to the Forty-eighth 
 and Forty-ninth Congresses; after his retirement 
 from Congress he returned to Newburyport, Mass., 
 where he spent the remainder of his life practic- 
 ing law; died January 22, 1895. 
 
 Stone, Frederick, was born in Charles County, 
 Md., February 7, 1820; graduated from St. John's 
 College at Annapolis; studied law and admitted 
 to the bar; appointed by the legislature as one of 
 the commissioners to revise the rules of pleading 
 and practit'e in the State courts; member of the 
 State house of representatives 1864-65; elected a 
 Representative from jMaryland to the Fortieth 
 and Forty-first Congresses as a Democrat; died 
 in 1899. 
 
 Stone, James W., was born at Taylorsville, 
 Ky. , in 1813; received a common school education; 
 studied and practiced law ; held several local offices; 
 elei-ted a Representative fronr Kentucky to the 
 Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat; elected to 
 the Thirtv-second Congress; died at Tavlorsville, 
 Ky., October 13, 18.54. 
 
 Stone, John 'W. , of Grand Rapids, Mich., was 
 Viorn at Wadswortli, ^Medina County, Ohio, July 
 18, 1838; received an academic education; moved 
 to Allegan County, ilich., in 18.56; commenced 
 the study of law in 1859; elected county clerk of 
 Allegan County in 1860; admitted to the bar in 
 .lanuary, 1862; reelected county clerk in 1862; 
 elected jirosei'uting attorney in 1864 and reelected 
 twice, holding the office six yeare; elected presi- 
 dent of Allegan village in 1872; elected circuit judge 
 of the twentietli judicial circuit of Michigan in 
 April, 1873, which office he held until November 
 1, 1874, when he resigned; moved to Grand Rap- 
 ids to enter upon the practice of law; elected to 
 
824 
 
 CONOKKSSIONAL DI K KCTOK Y . 
 
 the Forty-tiftli Conpress, and n-electail to the 
 Fi>rty-sixth ( 'uiitrri';*' as a Ki'imhlicaii; resumed the 
 jiraetice ivf law at Miiujrhtdii, Mich. 
 
 Stone, Joseph C. , was l)orii at AVpstport, N. Y., 
 .Inly .'{(I, IS-.';); moved to lowu Territory in 1H44: 
 atlemled tin- puhlic si-liools; frradiiated Irorii tlie 
 medical ilcpartment of the St. I.oiii^ I'liiversity, 
 Missouri, in lSn4: enlisted as a private in the 
 Tnion Army and made adjutant of the I'irst Iowa 
 Cavalry; promoted to captain and assistant ad- 
 jiitant-jreneral of vohnileers in Isiii'; resumed the 
 practice of law; elected a Hei)resentative fnmi 
 Iowa to the Forty-tifth Conjrress as a Hei)nl)lican. 
 
 Stone, Michael Jenifer (hrotluT of Thomas 
 ."-lonei. was born in Charles County, Md., about 
 MM); rcceiveil a liberal education; elected a Kepre- 
 sentalive from .Maryland to the First Congress; 
 died in Charles Coui'itv, Mil., in ISlL*. 
 
 Stone, Thomas (brother of Michael .T. Stone), 
 was born at I'ointon Manor, Charles County, Md., 
 in 174.!; received a liberal education; studied law 
 and beiran practicing at Frederick, Md., in 17l>4: 
 moved to Charles County, Md., in 1771; .servccl 
 several years as State senator; IHdejrate from 
 Marylanil to the Continental Con^'ress 177.^177it 
 and 17.H4-S.T; died at .\lc.\andria, Va.. October .^, 
 17S7. 
 
 S'tone, William, was a native of I lel|)hi. Teiin. ; 
 receiveil a liberal education; hdd several local 
 ottices; elected a Uepreseiitative from Tennessee 
 to the Twenty-fifth Conf-ress as a Whii;. 
 
 Stone, William Alexis, of .Mlej.dieny, I'a., 
 was born in Deluiar Township, TIolm Countv, ' 
 Pa., .\pril KS, lS4ti; educated at the State .Vorui'al , 
 School, Mansliehl, Tiojra County, I'a.; served in 
 the civil war as .second lieutenant of Company A. 
 One hundred and eiKlity-seventh I'ennsylvauia 
 Volunteers; after the war lieutenant-colonel in 
 the National Ouard of the State; studicil law i 
 at Wellsboro. I'a.; admitted to the bar in 1.S70; 
 practiced law at Wellsboro and I'ittsbnrf;, I'a.; . 
 district attorney of Tio^'a County and I'nited 
 States attorney for the western district of Penn- 
 sylvania; electeil to the Fifty-second Congress as i 
 a Pepubhcan; reelecteil to the Fifty-thinl, Fifty- ! 
 fourth, ami Fifty-tifth Congresses; resigned .lanii- 
 arv, \S^n>, havinir been elected governor of Penu- 
 sylvaida, and si'rved from 1)^99 to 1003. 
 
 Stone, William H., was born at Schauugunk, 
 X. Y., November 7, 1H2S; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; moved to St. Louis, Mo., in l.S4.'^, and became 
 a manufacturer; j>resident of the St. j.ouis Hot 
 Pressed Nut and Rolt Company; member of the 
 State a.s.sembly; held .several local otlices; elected 
 a Hepresentative from Mis.souri to the Forty-third 
 Congress as a Meinocrat; elected to the Fortv- 
 tifth Congress: <lied in IttOl. 
 
 Stone, William J., of Nevaila, Mo., was born ' 
 n Madison County, Ky.. .May 7, l.'<4.'<; edncateil 
 at the I'niversity of Mis.souri; lawyer by jtrofes- 
 cion; |)rosecuting attornev of Vernon Countv from 
 187:{ to 1S74; elector on the Tilden and Hendricks 
 ticket in 1H7(5; electeil to the Fortv-ninth Congress 
 a.« a Pemocrat; reelected to the Fiftieth anil Fifty- 
 first Congre.sses; elected governor of Missouri; 
 elected in ,Ianuarv, UtOii, to the rnited .stales 
 Senate as a Democrat for the term 1 !•():!- litOit, tak- 
 ing his seat March r>, 1903. 
 
 Stone, William Johnson, of Knttawa, Kv., 
 was born .liiiie L'6, 1S4I, in l.yon (then Caldwell) 
 County, Ky.; educated in the common .si-hools of | 
 the county and at tj. M. Tyler's Collegiate Insti- 
 
 tute at Cadiz, Trigg County, Ky. ; fanner by oimmi- 
 pation; elected a niend)er of the Slate house of 
 repre.-.entatives in IS()7, l.S7."i, and ISS.S; siM'aker 
 of the house during his second term; elected to 
 the Forly-niulh Congress as a Regular Democrat; 
 reelected to the Fiftieth, Fifty-lii-st, Fifty-second, 
 and Fifty-third Congresses. 
 
 Storer, Bellamy, wius born at Portland, Me., 
 March SI. 17!iS; graduateil from Bowdoin College; 
 studied law and began practice at Cincinnati, 
 Ohio, in 1,S17; elected a Kepre.sentalive from Ohio 
 totheTwenty-fourth Congre.ss asa Whig; declined 
 a renouiination; Presidential elector on the Clay 
 ticket in ]S44; served three terms as judge of the 
 sujierior court for the district of Cincinnati; die<l 
 at Cincinnati, Ohio, ,Iune 1, 187.5. 
 
 Storer, Bellamy, of Cincinnati, Ohio, wa-s born 
 at Cincinnati .\ugust L'K, 1S47; graduyted from 
 
 Harvard College in 1S()7, and fr the law school 
 
 of Cincinnati College in l.Hliil; admitted to the bar in 
 April, ISiiil; elected to the Fifty-second and Fifty- 
 third Congres.ses as a Hepublican; I'nited Slates 
 minister to Helgimn l.sH7-l.Stti|, and apjiointed 
 Cnite 1 States minister to Spain in istli); appointed 
 nunister to Austria-Hungary in 1902. 
 
 Storer, Clement, wa- born at Keunebunk, Me., 
 in I7il(l; received a liberal education; studied med- 
 icine and began practice at Portsmouth. N. H.; 
 captain of militia, and held successive connni.s.siuns 
 to that of major-general; served several years in 
 the State house of representatives and one year a.s 
 speaker; elected a Kepre.sentative from New Hamp- 
 shire to the Tenth Congress; elected a I'nited 
 States Senator (vice .lercmiah Mason, resigneil), 
 serving from 1817 until March 3, 1819; died at 
 Portsmouth, N. H,, November 21, 1830. 
 
 Storm, Frederic, of Payside, N. Y.. was horn 
 in .\lsace in 1S44. and came to this country with 
 his ]iarents when he was 2 years old; received 
 education in the public schools of New Vorkl'ity; 
 elected a mendier of the Slate constitutional con- 
 vention in 1.H94; electeil to the State a.s.sembly 
 in 189.5; for sixteen years a member of county 
 Reiniblican committee, and three times its chair- 
 num; .secretary of the Owl Connnercial Comiiany; 
 founder of the Flushing Hospital; elected to the 
 Fifty-seventh Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Storm, JohuB., was born in Monroe Countv, 
 Pa., in l.SliS; graduated from Dickinson College In 
 IStil ; studied law, and admitted to the bar in bstio; 
 county su|ierintendent of public schools for seven 
 vears; elected to the Forty-second, Forty-thinl, 
 Vorty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Congresses as a 
 Democrat; appointed president-judge of the forty- 
 third judicial district of Peiinsvlvauia; dieil August 
 1.5, 1901. 
 
 Storrs, Henry R. , wai> bom at MIddletown, 
 Conn.. SeptiMuber 3, 1787; graduated from Yale 
 College in 1S()4: stuilied law and began practice at 
 I'tica, N. Y.; elected a Representative from New- 
 York to the Fifteenth and .si x teen I h ( 'ongresses as a 
 Federalist; elected to the Kighteenlh, Nineteenth, 
 and Twentieth Congre.s.ses; nioviHl to New York 
 and resinned the practice of law; dieil at New 
 Haven. Conn., .luly 2!t, 1s;{7. 
 
 Storrs, William Lucius, wiis born at Middle- 
 town, Coini., March 2.5, 1795; graduated from 
 Yale College in 1814; studied law, and in 1S17 
 began practice in Middletown; mendier of the 
 state legislaluH' 1S27-I.><2(I and l."<34, serving as 
 speaker the last year; elected a Representative 
 from Connecticut to the Tweutv-tirst and Twentv- 
 
BIOGBAPHIES. 
 
 825 
 
 second Congresses; elected to the Twenty-sixth 
 Congress, but resigned in June, 1840, to become 
 associate judge of the court of errors; professor of 
 law at Yale College 1846-47; chief justice of the 
 court of errors from 1856untilJune25, 1861, when 
 he died, at Hartford, Conn. 
 
 Story, Joseph, was born at Marblehead, Mass., 
 September lS,177!t; graduated from Harvard Col- 
 lege in 1798; studied law, and began practice at Sa- 
 lem in 1801 ; served in the State house of representa- 
 tives 1805-1807; electe<l a Representative from Mas- 
 sachusetts to the Tenth Congress as a war Demo- 
 crat vice Jacfili Crowninshield, deceased; again 
 a meml.ier of the State house of representatives in 
 1811, and speaker; received the degree of doctor 
 of laws from Harvard, Bmwn, and Dartmouth 
 colleges; associate justice of the supreme court, 
 which he held until he died, at Cambridge, Mass., 
 September 10, 1845. 
 
 Stoug-hton, William L., was born in Kew 
 York, March I'd, 1827; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; studied law and practiced; held several 
 local offices; United States district attorney for 
 the district of ^lichigan in JIarch, 1861, and re- 
 signed in few months to enter the Union .\rmy; 
 served as colonel and brigadier-general, and ]iro- 
 moted to tlie rank of major-general by brevet; 
 attorney-general for Mii'higan 1867-68; elected a 
 Representative from Michigan to the Forty-Hrst 
 antl Forty-second Congresses as a Republican; 
 died at Stiirgis, Mich., June 6, 1888. 
 
 Stout, Byron Gray, was born in Ontario 
 County, N. Y., in 1829; moved to Jlichiganin 18;U; 
 graduated from the literary department of the 
 Michigan State University in 1851; spent three 
 years in charge of the schools, in the meantime 
 reading law; elected to the Statelegislature in 18.54; 
 reelected in 18.50, and chosen speaker of the house; 
 State senator in 1860; president pro tempore of the 
 senate; mendjer of the Philadelphia convention of 
 1866, and of the national Democratic conventions 
 of 1868, 1880, and 1888; engaged in private bank- 
 ing prior to 1869; elected a Representative from 
 Michigan to the Fiftv-second Congress as a Demo- 
 ocrat; died June 19,"l896. 
 
 Stout, Lansing, was born at Pamelia, X. Y., 
 
 jNIarch 27, 1828; received a liberal education; 
 studied law, and in 1851 moved to California, where 
 he began practice; member of the State house of 
 representatives 18.56; moved to Portland. Oreg., in 
 1857; judge of the Multnomah County court in 
 1858; elected a Representative from Oregon U> the 
 Thirty-sixth Congress as a Democrat; again a 
 member of the State house of representatives; died 
 at Portland, dreg., in 1870. 
 
 Stover, John H. , was born at Aaronsburg, 
 Center County, Pa., .\pril 24, 181^.3; received a lib- 
 eral education; studied law and in 1857 began 
 practice at Aaronsburg; lield several local offices; 
 entered the Union Army in 1861 as a private, and 
 successively chosen cajitain and major; commis- 
 sioned colonel of the One hundred and eighty- 
 fourth Pennsylvania Volunteers; after the war 
 moved to Versailles, Mo. ; elected a Representative 
 from ilissouri to the Fortieth C^ongress as a Repub- 
 lican (vice Jose|ih W. McChirg, resigned), serving 
 from December 7, 1868, to March 3, 1869. 
 
 Stow, Silas, was born in Lewis County, N. Y.; 
 resided at Lnwville; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Twelfth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Stowell, William H. H. , was born in Windsor, 
 Vt., July 26. 1.S4U; received a classical education; 
 
 I merchant; moved to Virginia in 1865; appointed 
 I collector of internal revenue for the fourth district 
 I in 1869; elected a Representative from Virginia to 
 I the Forty-second, Forty-third, and Forty-fourth 
 Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Stower, John G. , was a native of Madison, 
 N. Y. ; received a liberal education ; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New York to the Twentieth Con- 
 gress as a Jackson Democrat; member of the State 
 senate 18,3:5-34. 
 
 Strader, Peter W. , was born in Warren Countv, 
 ! N. J., Xoveiulier 6, 1818; taken to Ohio in 1819 
 by his ]iarents; receiveil a cumniou school eiluca- 
 tifin; printer; employed on a steamboat on the 
 JIis.'ii.-isi|ipi River 1835-1848; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Ohio to the Forty-first Congress as a 
 Demociat. 
 
 Strait, Horace B. , was born in Potter County, 
 Pa., January 26, 1835; received a common school 
 education; moved to Indiana in 1846, and from 
 there to Minnesota in 1855; entered the Union 
 Army in 1862 as captain in the Ninth Minnesota 
 Infantry; promoted to majiir of said regiment in 
 1864, serving at the clo.se of the war as inspector- 
 general on tlie staff of General McArthur; elected 
 mayor of Shakopee in 1870 and reelected in 1871 
 and 1.S72; trustee of the Minnesota Hospital for the 
 Insane 18()(); engaged in mercantile, manufactur- 
 ing, and lianking pursuits; president of the First 
 National Bank of Shakopee; elected to the Forty- 
 third. Forty-fi>urth, Forty-fifth, Forty-seventh, 
 Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Congresses as a Re- 
 publican; died near El Paso, Tex., Februarv 25, 
 1894. 
 
 Strait, Thomas Jefferson, of Lancaster, S. C, 
 was born in Chester ])istrict, S. C., December 25, 
 1846; educated at Maysville, S. C, an<l Cooper 
 Institute, Missis-ippi; entered the Confederate 
 service in 1862 in the fifteenth year of his age, and 
 served in Company A, Sixth Regiment of Infantry, 
 until November, 1863; transferred to Company 
 H, Twenty-fourth Regiment, Gist's Brigade, and 
 served as a sergeant therein until the close of the 
 war; graduated from the South Carolina Jledical 
 College with distinction in 1885; elected State sen- 
 atorof South Carolinain 1890; elected to the Fifty- 
 third Congress as an .\lliance Democrat; reelected 
 to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congre.sses; after 
 leaving Congress resumed the practice of medicine. 
 
 Stranahan, J. S. T. , was born at Peterboro, 
 N. Y.. .\pril 25, 1808; received a common school 
 education; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Thirtv-fourth Coneress a.s a Whig; 
 died in 1898. 
 
 Strange, Robert, was born in Mrginia, Sep- 
 tember 20, 1796; graduated frtim the Hampden- 
 Sidney College; studied law, and practiced at Fay- 
 etteville, N. C. ; serve<I several }'ears as a member 
 of the State house of representatives; elected a 
 United States Senator from North Carolina as a 
 Democrat (vice W. P. Mangum, resigned), serving 
 from December 15, 18;W, until 1840, when he re- 
 signed, Mr. Mangum being at once reelected his 
 successor; died at Favette\'ille, N. C, Februarv 
 19, 1854. 
 
 Stratton, Charles C, was born in New Jer- 
 sey in 1796; received a common school education; 
 member of the State house of re|iresentatives; 
 elected a Representative from New Jersey to the 
 Twenty-fiftli Congress as a Whig; received the 
 certificate of election to the Twenty -sixth Con- 
 gress, but not allowed to take his seat; elected to 
 
826 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIKKCTOKY, 
 
 tlu- Twenty-sfvt'iitli ('imj!ref<H; i'Mj;am'<l in fiinn- 
 iiiK: 'lit'il at Swe<lenl><)ro, N. J., >Iarch .SO, ISiSlt. 
 
 Stratton, John, was a nativo i)f Virginia; rt- 
 (vivfil acniiiiiion sclioul ciliu-atinii; vU'ctnl a Hep- 
 ivsfiitativi' Innii \"ir;.'iiiia tuthc Seventh ("mijirfs.-'. 
 
 Stratton, John L. N., wax born at Mount 
 Holly, X. .)., in 1M7; c'lKl'iatfd from rrincrloii 
 ColU'Ki* in lS8t); stiulied law ami he^an jmu'tice 
 at Mount Holly: elected a Ke|)resentative from 
 New .Jersey to the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Ke- 
 publiean; reeleeted to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
 jrress; delcL'ate lo the National Lnyalists conven- 
 tion at Philadelphia in liSOiS; died at Jlount llollv, 
 N. J., May 17, 1889. 
 
 Stratton, Nathan T., was a nativi' of MuUica 
 
 Hill, N..I.: attended the i imon schools; held 
 
 seveial local nllices; electeil a Ke|)re.sentative from 
 New Jersey to the Thirty -.second and Thirty-third 
 Conjires.ses a.s a l)emocr-at. 
 
 Straub, Christian M. , wa.s a native of Penn- 
 sylvania; was elccleil a Representative from Penn- 
 svlvania to the Thirtv-third Coufrress a.s a Demo- 
 crat. 
 
 Straus, Isidor, of New York City, was horn in 
 the Palatinate of Havaria, February (i, }S4'f, came 
 to this ciiuntry in 1,S.")4 with his mother and set- 
 tled in Talhotton, (ia.; edncate(l at I'nllinsworth 
 Institute and preparing to enter the West Point 
 Military Academy \\ hen the breaking out of the 
 war prevented him from doin;; so; moveil to New 
 York City in 18t).5; entered the lirm of K. H. Macey 
 it Co., New York, in bSSS, and the linn of Abra- 
 ham it Straus, of Hrooklyit, in ISii:!; electe<l at a 
 special election helil on .January :>(), IWH, to lill 
 the unexi>ired term of Ashbel P. Fitch to the 
 Fiftv-third Conj;ress as a Oemocrat and took his 
 seat Fol)ruary 14, 1894. 
 
 Strawbridge, James D., was born in Montour 
 County, Pa., in l."<L'4; j.'raduated from Princeton 
 Colle;xe in 1,'>44: graduated in medicine from the 
 University of Pennsylvania in 1847: entered the 
 Army as a brigade sm-jreon of volunteers, and 
 served throughout the civil war: iirisoner at l.ibliy 
 Prison three months; after the war, resumed his 
 practice: elected a Kepresentative from Pennsyl- 
 vania to the Fiirtv-third Congress as a Republican; 
 dieil at Hanville. Pa., July 19, 1890. 
 
 Street, Kandall S. , was born at Cat.«kill, N. Y., 
 in 17.S0: receiviMl a cla.'.^sical education; stiKhed 
 law, and began practiieat I'ouahkeepsie: State at- 
 torney for Ins judicial distric't in 1810 ami again 
 in 18]:!; lieutenant-colonel nf militia in the war i>f 
 b'^lL'; electeil a Representative from New York tn 
 the Sixteenth Congress as a Democrat; resumed 
 practice in 182.'i at .Monticello, N. Y.. where he 
 died November 21, 1841. 
 
 Strickland, Randolph, wiis horn in Dansville. 
 Livingston County. N. Y.. Febrnary 4. l.SL';{; at- 
 tended thocomm<in schools; taught .school; moved 
 to Michigan in 1.S44; stuilie<l law, and in l.'<49 began 
 practii'e; pripsecuting attorney for('linl<pn County 
 m 18ii2, 1854, 180(1, and l.s.'>S; State senator in 
 IStil and 181)2; provost-marshal ISliS-l.sti.i; dele- 
 gale to the national Republican convention in 18.")t) 
 and l!%()S: elected a Representative from .Michigan 
 to the Forty-tirst Congrcs.- as a Republican. 
 
 Strode, Jesse B., of Lincoln, Nebr., wa.w horn 
 in Farmers Townshiii, III., February 18, 1,S4.5; 
 attended public school: enliste<l a.s a private sol- 
 dier in the Fiftieth Illinois Infantry in .lanuary, 
 18t>4, and with his regiment iluring the Atlanta 
 
 campaign, the march to the sea, through tlie 
 Carolinas ami Virginia, and the grand review at 
 Washington; mustered out of the .\rmy in July, 
 18(i."i, and immediately thereafter entereil .\bing- 
 don (111.) College, where he remaincil for about 
 three years, when ma<le principal of the grade<l 
 schools of .\bingdon, which position he contimiitl 
 to occupy for alx)Ut eiglit years; twice elected 
 mavor and six times councilman of the city of 
 .\liingdon; stuilied law during vacations while 
 teaihing; moved to PlattsUKjuth, Nebr., May 1, 
 1S79, and there admitted to the bar in Noveiidier, 
 IS79; elected district attonu'V in 18.Ki> and served 
 two terms; moved to l.ini-oln in 1.S87 an<l jiracticiMl 
 law there m)til Novemlier, 1.S92. when elected 
 judge of the district court; ehvted to the Fifty- 
 fourth Congress a-s a Republican; reelected to tlie 
 Fifty-fifth Congress; devoted liimself to the prac- 
 tice of his ]irofe.ssion after leaving Congress. 
 
 Strohm, John, w;i8 born in Pennsylvania, 
 October Iti, 1793; receivetl a limiteil education; 
 taught school for several years; locateil at Provi- 
 dence, Pa.; served asamenilx'r of the State house 
 of re[>re.sentatives 18;U-l,s;i.'!; electe<l a Kepre.senta- 
 tive troin Pennsylvania to the Twenty-ninth Con- 
 gress as a AVhig; reelected to the Tliirtieth Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Strong, Caleb, was born at Northampton, 
 Ma.ss., January 9, 174.5; graduated from Harvard 
 College in 17(>4; studied law and admitted to the 
 bar: began practicing in 1792; member i>f the 
 State house of representatives I77t>-1778; .*»tate 
 senator 1780-178(i; member of the national con- 
 vention which framed the Constitution of the 
 Ignited States; member of the Ma.s,siichusett8 con- 
 stitutional couventif)n whidi ratified the Constitu- 
 tion of the I'nited .'■^tates in 17S7-88; ele<'te<l a 
 United .'Stales Senator as a Federalist, and reelected, 
 serving from 1789-179t) when he resigned; gover- 
 nor of :\Ia.s.sachui-etts 1812-1816; died at North- 
 ampton, Mass., November 7, 1819. 
 
 Strong, James, was born at Windham, Conn., 
 In 17s:;; gra<luated from the University of Ver- 
 mont in bsoi;; moved to New Y'ork and locateil at 
 Hudson: elected a Representative from New York 
 to the Sixteenth, Kighteenth, Nineteenth, and 
 Twentieth Congresses as a Federalist; died at 
 Chester, N. J., August 8, 1847. 
 
 Strong, Jedediah, was born at Litchfield, 
 Conn., November 7. 1738; Delegate from Con- 
 necticut to the Continental Congress 1782-1784; 
 died at Litchfield, Conn., August 21, 1802. 
 
 Strong, Julius L., was born at IJolton, Conn., 
 Novend)er S, 1S28; educated at I'nion College; 
 studied law, and in l.'<.").'i began practice at Hartford; 
 member of the legislature of Connecticut 18.'i2-o3; 
 I'lecti-d a Re|>re.sentative from Coiniecticut to the 
 Forty-tirst Congress iis a Republican; reelecteil to 
 the Fi>rty-second Congress, serving until Septem- 
 ber 7, 1872, when he ilied, at Hartford, Conn. 
 
 Strong, Luther M., of Kenton, Ohio, was liom 
 near Tillin, .S'ueca County, Ohio. June 23, 1838; 
 attended common school and Aaron Schnvler's 
 academv at Re|iublic, ami taught school; eiilisteil 
 as a private in the Forty-ninth (Miio Vohmteer 
 Infantry early in Istil ; electeil captain of Company 
 (i and promoted to major and lieutenant-colonel; 
 j lonstantiv at the front and took imrt in most of the 
 luittles o{ the Army of the Cimd)erland: senior 
 ' ollicer of the reginu'Ut and in command thereof 
 [ from about the lime of the fall of Atlanta until after 
 the battle of Nashville, but could not Ih' commis- 
 sioned colonel because the regiment had Ijecoiue 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 827 
 
 greatly reduced in numbers by service; resigned 
 March 13, 1865, on account of wound; studied law, 
 and admitted to the bar by the supreme court of 
 Ohio, January 30, 1867; soon after located at Ken- 
 ton, where he remained in the practice of his pro- 
 fession; mendier of the board of education for 
 many years; elected to the senate of the State of 
 Ohio in 1879 and reelected in 1881 ; appointed judge 
 of the court of common pleas by Governor Charles 
 Foster, to fill a vacancy; elected to the Fifty-third 
 Congress as a Republican; reelected to the Fifty- 
 fourth Congress. 
 
 Strong, Selah B., was born at Setauket, N. Y., 
 May 1, 1792; graduated from Yale College in 1811; 
 studied law, and in 1814 began practice; State at- 
 torney for Suffolk County; elected a Representa- 
 tive from New York to theTwenty-eighth Congress 
 as a Democrat; judge of the supreme court forthe 
 second judicial district from June 7, 1847, to June 
 7, 1849; died at Setauket, N. Y., November 29, 1872. 
 
 Strong, Solomon, was born in Massachusetts 
 in 1779; member of the State house of representa- 
 tives 1812-13; elected a Representative from 
 ^Massachusetts to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth 
 Congresses; judge of the court of common pleas 
 1818-1842; again a member of the State legislature 
 1843-44; died September 16, 1850. 
 
 Strong, Stephen, was a native of Connecticut; 
 moved to New York; received a limited education; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Strong, Theron R., was born at Salisbury, 
 Conn., November 7, 1802; moved to Palmyra, 
 N. Y.; received a common scliool education; held 
 several hjcal offices; elected a member of the State 
 house of representatives in 1842; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New Y'ork to the Twenty-sixth 
 Congress a.s a Democrat; died at New York Citv 
 May 15, 1873. 
 
 Strong, William, wa.« born in Windham 
 County, Conn.; received a liberal education; 
 studied law and located in Vermont, where he 
 began practice; eight years a member of the State 
 house of representatives; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Vermont to the Twelfth and Thirteenth 
 Congresses as a Democrat; reelected to the Six- 
 teenUi Congress. 
 
 Strong, 'WiUiam, was born at Somers, Conn., 
 May 6, 1808; graduated from Yale in 1828; studied 
 law, and in 1832 admitted to the bar at Philadel- 
 phia; began practice at Reading; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Pennsylvania to the Thirtieth and 
 Thirty-first Congresses as a Democrat; fifteen 
 years judge of the supreme court of Pennsylvania; 
 resigned in 1868 and resumed jiractice; a|ipointed 
 a justice of the Sujireme Court of the United States 
 in 1870 and resigned in 1880; died August 19, 1895. 
 
 Strother, George F., was born in Culpeper 
 County, Va. ; received a liberal education; studied 
 law and began practice at Culpeper; electetl a 
 Representative from A'irginia to the Fifteenth 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the Six- 
 teenth Congress, but resigned February 10, 1820, 
 having been appointed receiver of public monevs 
 at St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 Strother, James French, was horn in Cul- 
 peper County, Va., September 4, 1811; received 
 a lilieral education; studied law, and began prac- 
 tice at Cul|ieper, Va. ; served ten yeara as a mem- 
 ber 111 the State house of representatives, and 
 part of the time as speaker; delegate to the State 
 constitutional convention of 1850; elected a Rep- 
 
 resentative from Virginia to the Thirty-second 
 Congress as a Whig; died at Culpeper September 
 21, 1860. 
 
 Strouse, Myer, was born in Germany, Decem- 
 ber 16, 1825; came to the United States in 1832 
 with his father and located at Pottsville, Pa.; re- 
 ceived a liberal education; studied law, and ad- 
 mitted to the bar; edited the North American 
 Farmer at Philadelphia 1848-1852; began prac- 
 ticing law at Pottsville in 1853; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-eighth 
 and Thirtv-ninth Congresses; died at Pottsville, 
 Pa., February 11, 1878. 
 
 Strowd, William F., of Pittsboro, N. C, was 
 born in Orange County, N. C, December 7, 1832; 
 educated at the Bingham School, High Hill Acad- 
 emy, and at the Graham Institute; brought up on 
 a farm ; moved to Chatham County in 1861 ; elected 
 to the State constitutional convention in 1875; 
 nominated by the Populists for Congress in 1892 
 in the Fourth Congressional district; again nom- 
 inated by the Populists in 1894, and elected to the 
 Fifty-fourth Congress; reelected to the Fifty-fifth 
 Congress. 
 
 Struble, Isaac S. , of Lemars, Iowa, was born 
 near Fredericksburg, Va., November 3, 1843; re- 
 ceived a connnon school education and, after the 
 war, a partial course in the Iowa State University; 
 enlisted at the age of 17, and served three years as 
 a private in Company F, Twenty-second Iowa In- 
 fantry; studied law, and admitted to practice in 
 1870 in Ogle County, 111. ; settled at Lemars, Iowa, 
 in the spring of 1872; elected to the Forty-eighth 
 Congress as a Republican; reelected to the Forty- 
 ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses. 
 
 Strudwick, William, was a native of North 
 Carolina; received a linuted education; held sev- 
 eral local offices; elected a Representative from 
 North Carolina to the Fourth Congress (vice Ab- 
 salom Tatum, resianed) , serving from December 
 13, 1796, to March 3, 1797. 
 
 Stuart, Alexander H. H. , was born at Staun- 
 ton, Va., April 2, 1807; graduated from William 
 and ;\Iary College; studied law, and in 1828 began 
 practice at Staunton; served in the State house of 
 representatives 1836-1838; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Virginia to the Twenty-seventh Congress 
 as a Whig; Presidential elector on the Clay ticket 
 in 1844, and the Taj'lor ticket in 1848; Secretary 
 of the Interior 1850-1853; member of the State sen- 
 ate 1857-1861; delegate to the national L'nion con- 
 vention in 1866; claimed to have been elected a 
 Representative from \'irginia to the Ninth Con- 
 gress, but not admitted to his seat; died at Staun- 
 ton, Va., February 13, 1891. 
 
 Stuart, Andrew, was a native of Pennsylvania; 
 moved to Steubenville, Ohio; held several local 
 offices; elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
 Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Stuart, Archibald, was a native of Virginia; 
 resided at Mount Airy; elected a Representative 
 from Virginia to the Twentv-fifth Congress as a 
 Whig. 
 
 Stuart, Charles E., was born in Columbia 
 County, N. Y., November 25, 1810; studied law, 
 and moved to Kalamazoo, Mich., where he began 
 the practice of his profession; served five years in 
 the State house of rejiresentatives; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Michigan to the Thirtieth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; defeated for i-eelection; elected 
 to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses; 
 
828 
 
 OONf 1 RKSSK )X A L DI KKrT( )K V 
 
 I'lcoted a I'liitcil Slates Seniitiir from .Micliinaii, 
 wrviiit; from Man-li 4, ISoli, to Marcli .S, IN'iil; 
 (lifil at Kalainazou, Midi., in 1SS7. 
 
 Stuart, David, waw txirn at Brooklyn, X. Y., 
 Manli IL', ISlti; luoVfil to Mi(lii);an anil locateil 
 at lii'troit; cU'iMt'il a I\i'|irescMtative from Mirlii- 
 jran to the Thirtv-tliinl Conttresiw a." a Democrat; 
 .lif<l at Detroit, Mich., .September lit, KHtiS. 
 
 Stuart, John T.,\\a!^ Ixirii in Kayette County, 
 Ky.. NovemlM'r 10, 1807; ^rraihiated from Centre 
 ColU'^'c. Kenlncky, in 1820; .stutlieil law, and Ijitran 
 practice at Sprinylield, 111.; two years a niemher 
 of the State liou>^c of representatives; elected a 
 Repre.-'entative fmiri Illinois to the Twenty-sixth 
 ami Twenty-seventh Coii^'ressesasa Wliij;; clecteil 
 to thcThirlv-eitrhth Con;;ress a.-<a Democrat; died 
 at Siirin^'lield, 111., November -'8, 1885. 
 
 Stuart, Philip, was born in ^larylanil in 1760; 
 reccive(l a liberal education; served in the ReviJ- 
 liitionarv .\rniv; cU'cteil a Representative from 
 Marylan'd to the Twelfth, Thirteenth, Fourteenth, 
 and Fifteenth Congresses; died at Washinjrton, 
 D. C, Anunsl 14, 1.8;». 
 
 Stump, Herman, of Belair, Md., was born on 
 Oakinirton Farm, in Harford County, Auj^nist 8, 
 I8:!7; after receiving a i-la.ssical eilncation studied 
 law, and admitted to the bar in l.s."iti: commenced 
 (practice at I'.elair. the county town of Harford; 
 interested in agricultural pursuit.s; elected to the 
 State senate in 1H78, and made ])resident of that 
 bmly in 1880; presided over the Democratic State 
 convention in i87!t; elected to the Fifty-first Con- 
 ^re.ss as a Dem<ierat, and reelected to the Fifty- 
 seconil ('(mgress; after leavin-; Congress resumed 
 the practice of his profession at Helair, Md. 
 
 Sturgeon, Daniel, was liorn at Cniontown, I'a., 
 October •_'", 17S!t; eU'c-ted a Cnited States Senator 
 from I'emisylvania a.s a Democrat, and reelecteil, 
 serving from Decendier L', 18:59, to March 3, 18,5] ; 
 I'nited States trejisurer at I'hiladel|ihia: die<l at 
 Cniontown, I'a., July 2, 1878. 
 
 Sturges, Jonathan, wa.s born at Fairfield. 
 Conn., .\ugust 2:!. 1740; graduated from Yale 
 College in 175!i; studied law, and began i)ractice 
 at Fairfield; elected a Representative from Con- 
 necticut to the Fii-st (Vingn'ss; reelected to the 
 .Seconil Congress; judge of the State supreme court 
 )79.S-1805; died at Fairfield, Conn., October 4, 
 1819. 
 
 Sturgis, Lewis Burr, was born at Fairfield, 
 Comi., in 17i)2; grailnated from Y'ale College in 
 1782; held si'vcral local ollices; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Connecticut to the Ninth, Tenth, 
 Kleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth 
 Congres.se."; moved to Norwalk, Ohio, where he 
 <lied March .SO, 1844. 
 
 Sturtevant, John C, of Conneantville, I'a., 
 was born in .'spring Township, Crawford County, 
 I'a., Feliruary20, 18H5; received a common school 
 e<lucation; engaged in teacliing and farming for a 
 nund)er of years; fre<|uently elected to various 
 local offices; otiicer in the house of representatives 
 al Ilarrisbnrg l.Hiil, l.sti2, and 18()4; electe<l a mem- 
 ber of the house of representatives for the session 
 of 18(15, and reelected forthese.ssion of bHliti; electe<l 
 delegate to the Republican Stjite convention in 
 I8(>5, and reelected for six tinie.s, the last in 1,H90; 
 Presidential elector in 18K8; moved to Conneant- 
 ville in 18(i7; engaged in the hanhvare business, 
 which he followed until 187:!; engaged in mann- 
 faeturiug and milling until 1.H88; appointed cashier 
 
 of the First National liank of Conneantville in 1874; 
 elected president of the same bank in 1875; elected 
 to the Fifty-fifth Congress as a Repnbliian. 
 
 Sullivan, George, was born at Durham, N. II., 
 .\ugust 29, 1771; graduated from Harvard Colle)fe 
 in 1790; studied law, and began practice at Kxeter 
 in 179:!; member of the ."^tate house of reiiresenta- 
 tives in 18(»5; attorney-general of Nmv Hampshire 
 1805-t>; elected a Representative from New Hamp- 
 shire to the Twelftli Congress; airain a member 
 of the Stiite house of representatives in 181.'!; State 
 .senator in 1814-15; again attornev-general 181(>- 
 1.8:i5; died at Exeter. N. H., June'U, l.SJS. 
 
 Sullivan, James, was born at Berwick, Mass. 
 (now Maine), .\pril 22, 1744; received a litieral 
 education; studied law, and a<ln]itted to the bar; 
 began jiractice at Biddeford; active in Revolution- 
 ary movements; nuMuber of the provincial con- 
 gress of Ma.s.sachusetts in 1775; judge of the 
 superior court in 177t>; Delegate from .Massachu- 
 setts to the Continental Congre.ss in 1782; judge 
 of (irobate for .Suffolk Comity: State attorney- 
 general 1790-1,807; governor of Massachusetts 
 1807-8; died at Boston, Mass., DecemU'i' 10, 1808. 
 
 Sullivan, John, was Iwrn at Berwick, Me., 
 
 February 17, 1740; received a limited education; 
 sludieil law. ami began the practice of his profes- 
 sion at Durham; took an active part in ))re- 
 Revolutiouary movements; Delegate to the Con- 
 tinental Congress 1774-75; briga<lier-general and 
 [iroiiioteil to major-general, but resigned in 1779; 
 again I 'elegate to the Continental Congress 1780-81 ; 
 attorney-general of New Hampshire 1782-1780; 
 president of that State 17.86-87; member of the 
 convention that ratitie(l the Federal Constitution, 
 and also speaker of the State house of represent- 
 atives; Presidential elector in 17.89; aL'ain clio.sen 
 ]>resident of New Hampshire; judge of the I'nited 
 States district court of New Ham]>shire; die<l at 
 Durham, N. H., .lanuary 2:!, 1795. 
 
 Sullivan, Will Van Amberg, ..f Oxford, 
 Miss., was born Deceiiibrr 18. 1.857. near Winona, 
 Miss.; received his eduiation near Sanlis, in 
 Panola County, at a <ountry .school, at the Cni- 
 versity of Mississippi, and at Vanderbilt I'niver- 
 sity, Nashville, Tenn.; graduated from the latter 
 institution in 1875; completed the two yi^ars' law 
 course during his university pt-rioil; began the 
 practice of law in the fall of 1875 at Austin, in 
 Tunica County, where he continui'd to reside till 
 March, 1877, when he moved to Oxford, Miss., at 
 wliicli place he continued in the practiie of law; 
 never a candidate for any office; member of the 
 Democratic national convention in 1892, ami by 
 the national Democratic convention of 1896, at 
 the request of the State of Mississippi. electe<I a 
 member for Mississippi of the national Democratic 
 executive connnittee; nominated for Congress, 
 though not a candida'e for the position, but a 
 deadloik between the four a-spirants having con- 
 tinued for several days, the nomination was 
 tendered to and accepted by him; electeil to the 
 Fifty-tifth Congress as a Democrat; wasappointed 
 and sworn in as riiite<l States Senator from the 
 State of Mississippi on May '.i\, 1,898. as successor 
 of Senator K. C. Walthall, deceased; elected by 
 the legislature .lannary, 19lX), to lill out the term, 
 .serving until March 4, liKll. 
 
 SuUoway, Cyrus Adams, of Manchester, 
 
 N. H., was born at tirafton, N. H.. .Iun»> 8. l,8:«t; 
 
 I received a common school and academic educa- 
 
 ' tion; studied law at Franklin, N. H.; adniilti-d to 
 
 ' tlie bar in 1863; member of tlie New llump^rhire 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 829 
 
 house of representatives 1S72-73 and 1887-1893; 
 electeii to the Fiftv-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, 
 Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a 
 Eei>ul>Ucan. 
 
 Sulzer, ■William, of New York City, was born 
 at Klizalieth, N. J., JNIarch 18, 1863; received his 
 education in the public schools and at Columbia 
 College; admitted to the bar in 1884; elected to 
 the legislature 1889-1894; leader of the majority 
 of the assembly in 1892; speaker of the assembly 
 in 1893; leader of the minority of the assembly in 
 1894; electeii to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a 
 Democrat; reelected to the Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, 
 Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses. 
 
 Summers, George W., was born in Fairfax 
 County, Va., received a liberal education; studied 
 law ami liegan practice at Kanawha; State repre- 
 sentative 1830-1840; elected a Representative from 
 Virginia to the Twenty-seventh and Twenty- 
 eighth Congresses as a Whig; delegate to the State 
 constitutional convention in 1850; judge of the 
 eighteenth judicial circuit of Pennsylvania 1852- 
 185S. 
 
 Sumner, Charles, was born at Boston, JNIass. , 
 Januarv 6, 1811; received a classical education, 
 graduating from Harvard College in 1830; studied 
 law, graduating from the Cambridge Law Scliool 
 in 1834; admitted to the bar, and commenced 
 practice in Boston; .appointed reporter of the 
 United States circuit court; lectured at the Cam- 
 bridge Law School 1835-1837; traveled in Europe 
 1837-1840; elected a.United States Senator from 
 Massachusetts, after a prolonged contest, by a 
 coalition of Democrats and Free-Soilers (to succeed 
 Daniel Webster, Whig); reelected in 1857, 1863, 
 and 1869, serving from December 1, 1851, until 
 his death, at Washington, D. C., JIarch 11, 1874; 
 revisited Europe in 1857, and again in 1872; pub- 
 lished an edition of Dunlap on Adnnralty, three 
 volumes of Circuit Court Reports, an edition of 
 Reese's Chancery Reports, and a large number of 
 speeches and orations. 
 
 Sumner. Charles Allen, of San Francisco, Cal., 
 was burn at (ireat Barrington, ilass., August 2, 
 1835; edurated at Trinity College, Hartford, Conn. ; 
 studied law; admitted to the bar, and engaged on 
 patent cases; elected to the Forty-eighth Congress 
 as Congressman at large from California as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Sumner, Daniel H., of Waukesha, Wis., was 
 born at ;\Ialone, Franklin County, N. Y., Septem- 
 ber 15, 1837; received a common school education; 
 studied law; admitted to the liar in Jlichigan in 
 1868; settled in Waukesha, Wis., in 1870, where 
 he jiracticed; elected district attorney of \\'aukesha 
 County, and served in 1876 and 1877; elected to the 
 Forty-eighth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Sumter, Thomas, was born in Virginia July 14, 
 1736; moved to South Carolina, where he received 
 a common school education; engaged in the war 
 against the Cherokees; colonel of a regiment in 
 the Revolutionary Army, and promoted to the 
 rank of brigadier-general in 1870; voted the thanks 
 of Congress January, 17S1; opposed to ratifica- 
 tion in conventinns of the Federal (.'(institution; 
 elected a Representative from South Carolina to 
 the First, Second, Fifth, and Sixth Congresses; 
 elected a United States Senator from South Caro- 
 lina as a Democrat (vice Charles Pinckney, re- 
 signed), serving from December 19, 1801 , to March 
 3, 1809; again elected, and resigned in 1810; died 
 at South Mount, S. C, June 1, 1832. 
 
 Sumter, Thomas D., was a native of Pennsyl- 
 vania; moved to Statesbury, S. C; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from South Carolina to the Twenty-sixth 
 and Twenty-seventh Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Sutherland, George, of Salt Lake City, Utah, 
 was born JLarch 25, 1862, in Buckinghamshire, 
 England; received a common school and academic 
 education; studied law at the University of Michi- 
 gan, being admitted to practice in the supreme 
 court of that State in March, 1883; State senator 
 from the sixth (Utah) senatorial district in the 
 first State legislature; elected to the Fifty-seventh 
 Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Sutherland, Jabez G. , was born in Onondaga 
 County, N. Y., October 6, 1825; received a liberal 
 education; studied law and began practicing in 
 1848; prosecuting attorney of Saginaw County, 
 Mich., in 184.S-49; delegate to the State constitu- 
 tional convention 1850 and 1867; member of the 
 State house of representatives in 1853; circuit 
 i juclge 1863 and 1869; elected a Representative 
 from Michigan to the Forty-second Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Sutherland, Joel B., was born at Philadelphia, 
 Pa.,inl791; received a liberal education; held sev- 
 eral local offices; elected a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Twentieth Congress as a 
 Jackson Democrat; reelected to the Twenty-first, 
 Twenty-second, Twenty-third, and Twenty-foui-th 
 Congresses; defeated as a Whig candidate for the 
 Twenty-fifth Congress; died at Philadelphia, Pa., 
 November 15, 1861. 
 
 Sutherland, Josiah, was born at Hudson, 
 N. Y.; received a limited education; held several 
 local offices; elected a Rejwesentative from New 
 York to the Thirty-second Congress aa a Democrat. 
 
 Sutherland, Roderick Dhu, of Nelson, Nebr., 
 was Ijorn April 27, 1862, at Scotchgrove, Jones 
 County, Iowa; received his education principally 
 in the common schools, attending a few terms at 
 Amity College, College Springs, Iowa; admitted 
 to the bar in Nuckolls County, Nebr., in 1888; 
 elected countv attorney in 1890, and reelected in 
 1892 and 1894; elected' to the Fifty-fifth Congress 
 as a Populist; reelected to the Fifty-sixth Congress; 
 after leaving Congress returned to Nelson, Nebr., 
 and practiced law. 
 
 Swan, John, was a native of North Carolina; 
 received a liberal education; Delegate from North 
 Carolina to the Continental Congress 1787-88. 
 
 Swan, Samuel, was born in Somerset County, 
 \. J., in 1771; elected a Representative from New 
 Jersey to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, 
 Twentieth, and Twenty-first Congresses; died at 
 Brunswick, N. J., August 24, 1844. 
 
 Swann, Edward, of New York, was born March 
 10, 1S62, and educated in the city of New York, 
 graduating from Columbia Collcgewith the degree 
 of master of arts in 1886; graduated from the de- 
 partment of law of Columbia College in 1887; en- 
 gaged in the general practice of law in the city of 
 New York; elected to the Fifty-seventh Congress 
 as a Democrat, to fill the vacancy caused by the 
 death of Amos J. Cummings. 
 
 Swann, Thomas, was born at Alexandria, Va., 
 in 1805; received a classical education; studied 
 law; moved to Baltimore; became a conductor on 
 the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and in 1847 
 chosen its president, and resigned in 1853; also 
 president of the Northwestern ^'irginia Railroad; 
 
830 
 
 CONOEKSSIONAL DIRKCTUKY. 
 
 nmyor of Ilnltimore 1856-1858; eovernor ni Marv- 
 liiiiil 18(>4-lHti»>; I'K-cti'd a I'nitoil Siatt-s Si>riiit<ir In 
 isiiti, l)iit (U'diiu'd to leave the (iiivcnior's <-liair; 
 cli'i-tt'd a Ki'prt'sentativc from Marylaml to tlii- 
 Forty- lii's't, Forty -sicoiid, iMirly-tiiinl, Forty- 
 fourth, ami Korty-lil'th Coiifrresfo!) as a IViiiocnit ; 
 dieil near Ix'tsliurg, Va., July 24, 18S:5. 
 
 Swanson, Claude A., of Cliatliaiii, Va., wa.-i 
 liorn at Swaiisoiiville, rittcylvaiiia Couiitv, Va., 
 March :i I, l.siil'; attended the puhlii' sclioois until 
 he attaineil the af.'e of Iti, at wliich time he taujiht 
 |iul>lic ."ohool for one year, then altend(<l for one 
 pes.-iion the Virj^inia .\).'rieMltnral and Mi'ehanical 
 Collejie; stmlied law al the I'niversity of NMr^inia, 
 uraduatinj; with the de^rree nf bachelor of laws in 
 l.S.Sli; pr.utieed law at ('hatliam, Va. ; elected as a 
 Democrat to the Fifty-third, Fiftv-lourth, Fiftv- 
 fifth, I"ifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, aiid Fifty-eighth 
 Congresses. 
 
 Swanwick, John, was elected a Representative 
 from I'ennsylvania to the Fourth and Fifth Cnn- 
 (rre.«,«es; died in 171*S. 
 
 Swart, Peter, was horn at Schoharie, X. Y. : 
 received a common school ediication: studied law 
 and practice*!; meinherof the State house of rep- 
 resentatives 179,S-!ii); elected a l{e]>resontativefroni 
 New York to the Tenth Congress; nn'inher of the 
 State senate 1.S17-1S20. 
 
 Swearing-en, Henry, was a native of I'ennsyl- 
 vania; moved to Smithlii'M, Ohio; held several 
 local odice.s; elected a Keiiresentative from Ohio 
 to the Twenty-lifth Contirc-^s vicel>aniel Kil;rore, 
 resifined; reelected to the Twenty-sixth Con<rress. 
 
 Swearing-en, Thomas V., was a native of .Jef- 
 ferson County, ^'a. ; reccive<l a common .-■■cliool 
 education; elected a Rejiresentative from Vii-ginia 
 to the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Congresses; 
 died at Shepherdstown, Va., .lune 7, 1S22. 
 
 Sweat, Lorenzo D. M., was Imrn in I'ai-son- 
 ville, Me., ^hly 2(>, l.si.S; ;;railuated from liowdoin 
 Collejie in lf<37; studied law, and hefian practice 
 at Xew Orleans, I^i. ; returned to Portland; held 
 several local oflices; .State senatt)r in l.'^iil'; elei-teil 
 a Representative from >hiine to the Thirty-eighth 
 Congress as a Itemocrat; ilefeateil for the Thirty- 
 ninth and Fortieth Congresses; <ielegati' from 
 Maine to the national Union convention at Phila- 
 delphia in 1868. 
 
 Sweeney, W. N., was horn in Kentucky May 
 .1. ls:i2; received a common school education; 
 studieil law- and practiceil; electinl a Kepresenta- 
 tive from Kentucky to the Fortv-first Congress; 
 died in 1895. 
 
 Sweeny, George, was horn in Pennsylvania, 
 and moved to r.ucyrus. Ohio; elected a Keiiresent- 
 ative from Ohio to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty- 
 seventh Congres.«es. 
 
 Sweet, Willis, of .Moscow, Idaho, was horn at 
 -Vlhurg Springs. Vt., .laiuiary 1, ls.5(); educated 
 in the common schoolsand attemleil the Nehnuska 
 State University three years; learne<l the jirinter's 
 fraileat Lincoln, Nehr.; located atMo.<cow, Idaho, 
 in Septendier, l.SSl, where he engaged in the 
 pnictice of law; appointed I'liited States attorney 
 for Idaho in May, ISSS; appointed associate jus- 
 tice of the supreme court of Idaho Novemher 25, 
 ISHll. which position he held until the adud.-sion 
 of Idaho into the Inion; elected to the unexpired 
 term of the Fifty-first Congress as a He|iulilican; 
 r»-elected to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Con- 
 gres-^es. 
 
 Sweetser, Charles, was a native of \'ermont; 
 moved to Delaware. Ohio; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Ohio to thcThirty-lirst and Thirty-second 
 Congre.s-ies as a I>emocrat. 
 
 Sweney. Joseph Henry, of O.sage. Iowa, was 
 horn in Warren County, Pa., October 2, lH4o; 
 educated in the public schools of Pi-nnsylvania 
 and Iowa, by private stuily. and at the Iowa State 
 I'niversity; grailuati^l from the law department 
 of that university with honors; lawyer bv proft-s- 
 sion; eUL'-ageil for a time in banking, ami carried 
 on fanning in connection with the practice of law-; 
 sergeant in Company K. Twenty-.-eventh Regi- 
 ment Iowa Infantry, in which cmipany he .M-rveil 
 for three years; colonel of the Sixth Regiment 
 National (iuard of Iowa for four years, and briga- 
 ilier and inspector-general of the State, resigning 
 after his election to Congress; electtHl State senator 
 in iss:{and reelecteil in 1S87; elected jiresident pro 
 tempori- in is.stl; in the twenty-first anil twenty- 
 second general a.sseniblies served as chairman of 
 theseiiate railway committee, anil during his entire 
 service in the senate was a niendierof the judiciary 
 and military committees; elected to the Fifty-first 
 Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Swift, Benjamin, was born at Amenia, X. Y., 
 April •'), 17S1; received a liberal education; studieil 
 law and began practice at Itennington. Vt.; moved 
 to Manchester and then to St. Allians; member 
 of the State hou.<e of representatives four years; 
 electeil a Representative from Vermont to the 
 Twentieth and Twenty-first Congres.>ies as a Whig; 
 elected a Cnited .'"tales .Senator fmni X'ermont, 
 serving from Deceudjer 2, 18;J3, to March .i, ISSD; 
 died Xovember 11, 1847, at f?t. Albans, Vt. 
 
 Swift, Zephaniah, was born at Wareham, 
 Mass., in February, 17.59; graduated from Yale 
 College in 177S; studied law and began jiractice at 
 Windham, Conn.; elected a Re|>re,sentative from 
 Connecticut to the Third and Fourth l'ongres«es; 
 secretary of the French ndssion in l.sdO; appointed 
 a judge of the supreme court in ISOl and chief jus- 
 tice I.HOti-1819; member of the State liou.-e of rep- 
 resentatives; died at AVarren, Ohio. September 
 27. 182:5. 
 
 Swinburne, John, was born at l)eer River, 
 lA'wis County, X. Y., May .SO. l.><20; received his 
 earlier education at the public schools and acad- 
 emies of Denmark and I^iwville. Lewis County, 
 and the academy at Fairfield, Herkimer County; 
 graduated from the .\lbany .Medical College in the 
 spring of lS47anil commenced practice as a phvsi- 
 cian and surgeon; apiminted in hsiil chief medical 
 officer on the staff of Oen. John F. Ralhbone, and 
 ])laced in charge of the depot for recruits at Albany; 
 ajipointed by tiovernor .Morgan, in .May. lsi)2, 
 auxiliary volunteer surgeon at the front with the 
 rank of medical superintendent of Xew York 
 wounded troops, and rea]ipointeil .lune l.S by Gov- 
 ernor Seymour; appointed by the Surgeon (ieneral 
 of the fnilcil .'^tates and a.^signed to duly at .Savage 
 Station by (ieneral McClellan: taken prisoner of 
 war June 29, 1S62; appointed bytiovernor Sey- 
 mour in 1.S64 health otticiT of the |>ort of Xew 
 York, and reappointeil by (iovernor Feiiton in 
 1866, holding the position six years; in charge of 
 the .-Vmerican .\inbulance Corps iluring the siege of 
 Paris by the Prussians in I.s7t>-7I; electiil mayor 
 of .Mbanyasan independent candidate in l,HS2and 
 counted out, but after fourteen months' liliL'ation 
 was awarded the othce by the courts; elected to 
 the Forty-ninth Congress on the Republican and 
 Citizens "ticket; die<.l at Albanv, X. \.. March 28. 
 1889. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 831 
 
 Swoope, Jacob, was a native of Virginia; re- 
 ceived a common scliool education; lield several 
 local otfices; elected a Representative from ^'ir- 
 ginia to the Eleventh Congress as a Federalist. 
 
 Swope, John A., of (iettysburg, Pa., was born 
 at Gettysburg December 25, 1827; graduated from 
 Princeton College in 1847; studied medicine, but 
 relinquished the practice of it after a few years, in 
 order to engage in mercantile pursuits; became 
 president of the Gettysburg National Bank in 
 1879; engaged in manufacturing and agricultural 
 pursuits; elected to till the unexpired term of Hon. 
 WiUiam A. Duncan for the Forty-eighth Congress; 
 reelected at a special election to the Forty-ninth 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Swope, Samuel F., was a native of Kentucky; 
 electeil a Representative from Kentucky to the 
 Thirty-fourth Congress as an American. 
 
 Sykes, Georg-e, of Mount Holly, N. J., was a 
 native of that .State; received a common school 
 education; elected a Representative from New- 
 Jersey to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth 
 Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Sykes, James, was burn at Dover, Del., March 
 27, 1761; Delegate from Delaware to the Conti- 
 nental Congress 1777-78; died at Dover, Del., 
 October 18, 1822. 
 
 Sylvester, Peter, was born at Kinderhook, 
 N. Y.; received a liberal education; elected a 
 Representative from New York to the First and 
 Second Congresses. 
 
 Sylvester, Peter H. , was born at Kinderhook, 
 N. Y., February 17, 1807; graduated from Union 
 College in 1827; studied law and began practice at 
 Coxsackie, N. Y. ; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Thirtieth Congress as a A^'hig; 
 reelei'ted to the Thirty-first Congress. 
 
 Symes, George G. , was born in Ashtabula 
 County, Ohio, April 28, 1840; received a counnon 
 school education ; studied law; admittted to the bar, 
 and practiced continuously after the close of the 
 civil war, except when on the bench; enlisted as 
 private in Company B, Second Regiment of Wis- 
 consin Volunteers, Ajiril 12, 1881; wounded in the 
 first battle of Bull Run; adjutant of the Twenty- 
 fifth Wisconsin Infantry; in theSioux Indian cam- 
 paign of 1862; in the Vicksburg campaign of 1863 
 and the Atlanta campaign of 1864, and wounded at 
 the Ijattle of Atlanta, .Inly 22, 1864; commissioned 
 colonel of the Forty-fourth Regiment of Wisconsin 
 Volunteers in August, 1864; commanded the post 
 at Paducah, Ky., during the summer of 1865, and 
 mustered out with his regiment at Madison, Wis., 
 about September 1, 1865; practiced law at Paducah, 
 Ky., from .lanuary 1, 1866, until appointed associate 
 justiceof thesupremecourtof Montana Territory in I 
 April, 1869; i-esigned said judgeship in December', 
 1870, to take effect February 1, 1871; resumed and 
 continued the practice of law, at Helena, Mont., 
 until February, 1874; then moved to Denver, Colo. ; 
 elected to the Forty-ninth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican; reelected to the Fiftieth Congress; after leav- 
 jUg Congress devoted his time to the management 
 of his personal interests; died November 3, 1893. , 
 
 Symmes, Jolm Cleves, was born on Long 
 Island, July 21, 1742; received a liberal education; 
 chairman of the committee of safety of Sussex 
 County in 1774; member of the legislative council; 
 served in the Revolutionary Army; chief justiceof 
 the State su])reme court 1777-1787; Delegate from 
 New Jersey to the Continental Congress 178.5-86; 
 moved to tlie Northwest Territory and settled at 
 
 North Bend, below Cincinnati; appointed by Con- 
 gress one of the three jutlges of the Northwest 
 Territory in 1788, and held the position until 
 Ohio became a State; dieil at Cincinnati February 
 26, 1814. 
 
 Sypher, Jay Hale, was born in Pennsylvania, 
 July 22, 1837; received a classical education; stud- 
 ied law and admitted to practice; entered tlie 
 Union Army as a private and rose to the rank of 
 brigadier-general; located in Louisiana in January, 
 1866; delegate to the national Republican conven- 
 tion at Chicago which nominated Grant and Col- 
 fax; elected a Representative from Lcjuisiana to 
 the Fortieth, Forty-first, Forty-second, and Forty- 
 third Congres.ses as a Republican; .seat successfully 
 contested by EflSngham Lawrence, who was given 
 his seat March 3, 1875. 
 
 Taber, Stephen, was born at Dover, N. Y., 
 March 7, 1821; received a liberal education; moved 
 to Queens County and became a farmer; member 
 of the New York State legislature 1860-61 ; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the Thirty- 
 ninth and Fortieth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Taber, Thomas, was born at Dover, N. Y., 
 May 19, 1785; attended the common .schools; 
 farmer; served in the State house of representa- 
 tives in 1826; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Twentieth Congress (vice Thomas J. 
 Oaklev, resigned) as a Democrat; died at Dover, 
 N. Y.; March 21, 1862. 
 
 Tabor, Horace A. W., was born at Holland, 
 Vt., November 26, l.s;l!0; received a common school 
 education and instruction from a private tutor; 
 brought up on a farm; went to Massachusetts 
 to learn the stonecutter's trade; moved to Kansas 
 in 1855; member of the Topeka legislature when 
 it was dispersed by order of President Pierce; 
 moved to Colorado in 18.59; engaged in mercantile 
 pursuits; mayor of Leadville 1878-79; lieutenant- 
 governor of Colorado 1879-1883; elected to the 
 United States Senate to fill the unexpired term of 
 H. :M. Teller (which had been temporarily filled 
 by the appointment of (ieorge M. Chilcott ), taking 
 his seat Feliruary 1, 1883; served until March 3, 
 1883; died at Denver, Colo., April 10, 1899. 
 
 Taflfe, John, was born at Indianapolis, Ind., 
 January 30, 1827; received a liberal education; 
 studied law, and admitted to the bar at Indian- 
 apolis; moved to Nebraska in 1856; served in l)oth 
 branches of the Nebraska Territorial assembly; 
 served in the Union Army as major of the Second 
 Nebraska Cavalry; elected a Representative from 
 Nebraska to the Fortieth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican; reelected to the Forty-first and Forty-second 
 Congresses. 
 
 Taft, Charles P., of Cincinnati, Ohio, was born 
 in that city December 21. 1843; went through 
 common schools; graduated from Andover(Mass. ) 
 Academy in IStiO, from Yale College in 1864, and 
 from the Columbia College Law School of New 
 York in 1866; went to Germauy and took a degree 
 at the University of Heidelberg in 1868; elected a 
 member of the house of representatives of the gen- 
 eral assembly of Ohio in 1871; editor of the Cin- 
 cinnati Times-Star; member of the boanl of sink- 
 ing-fund trustees of the city of Cincinnati; elected 
 to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Taggart, Samuel, was born at Londonderry, 
 N. H., March 24, 1754; graduated from Dartmouth 
 College in 1774; studied theology, and pastor of a 
 church at Colerain, Mass., for a number of years; 
 elected a Representative from Massachusetts to 
 
832 
 
 (X)N(iKE8SIONAL DlKKCToKV. 
 
 the Kichth Congress a." a Fefleralist; reelected to 
 the Ninth. Tenth, KU-ventti, Twelfth, Thirteenth, 
 and KiMirtecnth ('un){ret^ses: died at C'olerain, 
 M;iss., April L'r>. 1S25. 
 
 Tait, Charles, was horn in l^^wisa County. Va., 
 in 17(iS; reeeived a lihcral education; studied law 
 and hegan i>racliee in <ieop^ia; judne of the supe- 
 rior eourt of (ieorpia: elected a I'niteil States Sen- 
 ator from (ieorjiia (vice.lohn Millod>;e, resitriied ) 
 as a Democrat: moveil to Wilcox County, Ala., 
 where he died October 7, 18.'t5. 
 
 Talbert, William Jasper, cif rarksville. S. C., 
 was burn in lvlvr<'lield Cunnty, S. C., in 1S4I>; tdu- 
 cated in the sclmdls oi his native cnunty and Due 
 West Acadi'iny. Alilicvillc; served in the Confed- 
 erate arniv tlirou;;hont the war: cnfrafjed in larm- 
 inj;: i-lecte^I h< the lejrislatnre in ISSO and ISSi' 
 and til the State senate in IS.S4: superintendent nf 
 the State iienitenliary: held various |)ositions in 
 the Fanners' .Vlliaiu'e: elected to the Kiftv-third, 
 Fifty-fourth, Fifty-tiflh. Fifty-sixth, and Fifty- 
 seventh Con^rresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Talbot, Isham. was horn in lieclford County, 
 Va., in I77U; received a liberal education: stuilied 
 law, and commenced practice at Frankfort, Kv.; 
 member of the State senate 1S12-1.S1.t: elected a 
 United States Senator from Kentucky ( vi<e J. Hled- 
 soe, resi};neil), servinj; from February '2, IKI."), to 
 March 'A, ISlil; airain elected a I'niteci States Sen- 
 ator (vice William l.oiran. resijined). servintr from 
 November 27, 1S20, to March ;i, 1.S25; died near 
 Frankfort, Ky., Septendjer 25, 1837. 
 
 Talbot, Silas, was born at I)if;hton, .Ma.«s., in 
 17")l: reccixcd a liberal education: captain in the 
 Kevohitionary Army: promoted to the rank of 
 major: connnis.-^ioned captain in the Continental 
 Navy Si'iitendnT 17. 177!t: moved to New York: 
 member of the State house of repre.«i-ntatives 171I2- 
 9o: electeil a Kepreseiitative from New York to 
 the Third Ci>n);re.ss as a Federalist: again eomniis- 
 sione<i by President Washington captain in the 
 I'. S. Navv. and resigned in Septemljer, 1800; died 
 at New York City .Time :iO, 1813. 
 
 Talbott, Albert G., was horn in Kentucky; 
 received a liberal cdui'ation and located at Dan- 
 ville: held several local ottiees: elected a Kejire- 
 sentative from Kentucky to the Thirty-fourth 
 Congress as a Democrat; reeleete<l to the Thirty- 
 fifth Congress as an American. 
 
 Talbott, J. Frederick C, of Towson, Mil., was 
 liorn near l.iitlierville. Baltimore County. Md., 
 .Inly 2!', lH4:i; received a public .-chool education; 
 began thestudy of law in l.'<t)2; joined the Confed- 
 erate army in lSli4 and served in the Second 
 Maryland Cavalry until the close of the war: ail- 
 mitteil to the bar Sepleniber t), l.HtMi; elected pros- 
 ecuting attorney for l?altimore County in 1871 for 
 the term of four years: renominated in 187.1 and 
 defeated: delegate to the national Democratic con- 
 vention at St. I^iuis in 187t<: elected to the Forty- 
 sixth Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the 
 Forty-aeventh and Forty-eighth ( 'ongres.ies : Slate 
 insurani-e connnissioner lKSi)-18'.t3: elected to the 
 Fifty-third and Fifty-eighth Congre.«ses. 
 
 Taliaferro. Benjamin, was born in X'irginia in 
 17-^0; received a limited education; served in the 
 Revolutionary .\rmy in the ritic corps commamiiil 
 liy (ieneral >Iorgan; captured bv the Uritish at 
 Charleston: after independence luid been estab- 
 lished located in (ieoi-gia: mend)er of the State 
 senate; ilelegate to the constitutional convention 
 of 179b; elected a Representative from tieorgia to 
 
 the Sixth and Seventh Congresses, serving until 
 1802, when he resigneil; judge of the surx'rior 
 court; died in Wilkes Countv, Ga., September 3, 
 1,S21. 
 
 Taliaferro, James Piper, of Jacksonville, Fla.. 
 was horn at Orange, Va., Septend>er 30, 1847; 
 educated in Virginia, leaving the school of Wil- 
 liam Dinwiddie, at tireenwood, in 181)4, to volun- 
 teer in the Confederate army, in whii'h he .lerved 
 until the war ended; resumed his --tudies. movini: 
 to Jacksonville, Fla.: eng-aged in the hnnhir busi- 
 nc-s; president of the First National Hank of 
 Tampa: elected to the I'nited States .Senate as a 
 Democrat Ai^ril 1!», 189!l, for the term l,8i)11-liiai. 
 
 Taliaferro, John, was born in .'^|Hittsylvania 
 County, \'a., in 17()8; received a liberal education: 
 held .-several local otiices: electeil a Representative 
 from Virginia to the Seventh Congress a.s a Dem- 
 ocrat: Presidential elector on the Jefferson ticket 
 in 1,S05; elected to the Twelfth Congress (succe.'V- 
 fnlly contestitig the seat of John P. Hungerfordi. 
 .■serving from December 2, 1811, to March 3, 1813; 
 I'residential elector on the Monroe ticket in 1S21: 
 elected to the Jughteenth Congress, vice W. 1,. 
 Rail, deeea.-ied: reelected to the Nineteenth. 
 Twentieth, and Twentv-lirst Congre.'^ses; elected to 
 the Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, Twenty-sixth, 
 and Twenty-seventh Congresses; librarian of the 
 Treasury liepartment at Washington 1 ,8.-10- 1 8,53 ; 
 dieil at "Ilaglev" (his residence in King George 
 County, Va. ) August 12, 18.53. 
 
 Tallmadge, Benjamin, was born at Rrook- 
 haven. N. Y., February 25, 17.54; received a clas- 
 sical education; taught school; entered the Revo- 
 lutionary Army a.s lieutenant in a Connecticut 
 regiment, and rose to the rank of colonel: engaged 
 in mercantile jiursuits in I.itchticlil. Conn.; held 
 several local oflices: elected a Ke]>rcsentative Irom 
 Connecticut to the Seventh, F.ighth. Ninth. Tenth, 
 Kleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth 
 Congresses as a Federalist; died at Litchfield, 
 Conn., March 17, 18.35. 
 
 Tallmadge, Frederick Augustus, was born at 
 Litchfield, Conn.. August 29. 1792; graduated from 
 Yale College in 181 1 ; studied law, and bemin prac- 
 tice at New York in 1813; served in the war of 1812; 
 belli .leveral local offices; State senator 1837-1840; 
 recorder of the city of New York 1841-1841!; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the Tliirtieth 
 Congress as a Whig: again recorder of the city of 
 New York 184.S-1851; superintendent of the Metro- 
 politan i)olice IS57-1S()2; clerk of the New York 
 court of appeals 1802-18(55; died at Litchfield, 
 Conn., Septeml)er 17, 1869. 
 
 Tallmadge, James, was born at .'^tanfordville, 
 N. Y.. January 2s, 1778; graduated from Itrown 
 I'niversity in 1798; studietl law and practiced; 
 served in the war of 1812; elect*il a Kepre.ieiitative 
 from New York to the Fifteenth Congn-ss as a 
 Democrat; dedineil a renoniination: delegate to 
 the State constitutional convention of 1821; mi'in- 
 iM-r of the State house of repre.»<entatives in l.'^24: 
 lieutenant-governor of New York 182t>-27; died at 
 New York City September 29, 18.53. 
 
 Tallmadge, Nathaniel P., was born at Chat- 
 ham, N. Y., February ,8, 1795; graduated from 
 rnion College; studie<\ law. and began practice at 
 Poughkeepsie: memU'rof the.'^tate house of repre- 
 sentatives in IS2S. and of the State senate 1.8.30- 
 18;{3; elected a I'liited States Senator from New- 
 York as a Conservative Democrat, serving until 
 I June 17, 1844, when he rt'signed: appointt-d by 
 I President Tyler governor of Wisconsin Territory 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 833 
 
 September 13, 1844, serving from 1844 to 1846; 
 died at Battlecreek, Mich., November 2, 1864. 
 
 Tallman. Peleg, was born at Tiverton, R. I., 
 July 24, 17(i4; received a limited education; served 
 in the Revolutionary war on the privateer Ti-udi- 
 hiill, and lost an arm in an engagement in 1780; 
 captured and imprisoned 1781-178:); became a 
 merchant at Bath, Mass. (now Maine); elected a 
 Representative from Massachusetts to the Twelfth 
 Congress as a Democrat; declined a reelection; 
 State senator of Maine 1821-22; died at Bath, Me., 
 March 12, 1840. 
 
 Tannehill, Adamson, was born in Frederick 
 County, Md., in 1752; served in the Revolutionary 
 Army; moved to Pennsylvania and became a 
 farmer near Pittsburg; held several local offices; 
 brigadier-general of Pennsylvania Volunteer.s in 
 the United States service iii 1812; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Pennsylvania to the Thirteenth 
 Congress as a Democrat; died near Pittsburg, Pa., 
 July 7, 1817. 
 
 Tanner, Adolphus H. , was born at Granville, 
 N. Y., May 2o. 1833; received a liberal education; 
 studied law, and began practice at ^Miitehall, 
 N. Y.; entered the Union Army in 1862 as a cap- 
 tain, and made lieutenant-colonel of the One 
 hundred and twenty-third Regiment of New 
 York Volunteer Infantry; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Forty-first Congress as a 
 Republican. 
 
 Tappan, Benjamin, was born at Northamp- 
 ton, ;\Iass. , May 2.5, 1773; attended the public 
 schools; printer and engraver; studied law, and 
 began practice at Steubenville, Ohio; member of 
 the State house of representatives in 1803; served 
 in the war of 1812; held several local positions; 
 county judge and judge of the fifth Ohio circuit 
 court of common pleas; United States district 
 juilge of C)hio in 1833; a United States Senator 
 from Ohio as a Democrat 1839-1845; died at Steu- 
 benville, Ohio, April 12, 1857. 
 
 Tappan, Mason W., was born at Newport, 
 N. H., (October 20, 1817; received an academic 
 education; studied law, and in 1841 began practice; 
 served in the State house of representatives 1853- 
 1855; elected a Representative from New Hamp- 
 shire to the Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth, and Thirty- 
 sixth Congresses as a Republican; served in the 
 Union Army as colonel of the First New Hamp- 
 shire Volunteers; again elected to the State legis- 
 lature 1860-61; resumed the practice of law; 
 aijpointed attorney-general of the State in 1876, 
 which position he held until he died, at Bradford, 
 N. H., October 24, 1886. 
 
 Tarbox, John Kemble, was born near Law- 
 rence, Mass., Jlay 6, 1838; received a classical 
 education; engaged in newspaper work; served 
 in the Union Army; member of the State house 
 of representatives 1868, 1870, and 1871, and of the 
 State senate in 1872; mayor of Lawrence in 1873 
 ind 1874; elected a Repre.sentative from INIassa- 
 chusetts to the Forty-fourth Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; defeated for the Forty-fifth Conuress; died 
 May 28, 1887. 
 
 Tarr, Christian, was born at Baltimore, Md. ; 
 moved to Pennsylvania; received a limited educa- 
 tion; elected a Representative from Pennsylvania 
 to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses. 
 
 Tarsney, John C, of Kan.aas City, Mo., was I 
 liorn in Lenawee County, Mich., November 7, 
 1845; attended the common schools; enlisted in 
 the Fourth Regiment Michigan Infantry in August, i 
 
 1862; mustered out of the service in June, 1865, 
 and entered the high school at Hudson, Mich.; 
 graduated ilarch, 1869, from the law department 
 of the University of Michigan; practiced law at 
 Hudson, Mich., until 1872; moved to Kansas City, 
 JIo. ; city attorney of Kansas City in 1874 and 1875; 
 elected to the Fifty-first Congress as a Democrat, 
 and reelected to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third 
 Congresses; received the certificate of election to 
 the Fifty-fourth Congress, l)ut after a contest the 
 seat was given to R. T. Van Horn; associate jus- 
 tice of he supreme court of Oklahoma 1896-1899. 
 
 Tarsney, Timothy E., of East Saginaw, Mich., 
 was born at Ransom, Hillsdale County, Mich., 
 February 4, 1849, educated in the common schools; 
 marine engineer; read law; entered the law de- 
 partment of Michigan Universit\- and grailuated 
 in 1872; justice of the peace 1873-74; city attorney 
 1875-1878, when he resigned; elected to the Forty- 
 ninth Congress as a Democrat, and reelected to 
 the Fiftieth Congress; moved to Detroit, Mich.; 
 engaged in the practice of law; corporation coun- 
 sel for Detroit, ilich. 
 
 Tate, Farish. Carter, of Jasper, Ga., was l)orn 
 at Jasper, Pickens County, Ga., November 20, 
 1856; educateil in the common schools and in the 
 North Georgia Agricultural College, at Dahlonega, 
 Ga. ; admitted to the bar in 1880; member of the 
 general assembly of Georgia six years; chairman 
 of the judiciary committee, of the railroad com- 
 mittee, and member of the special committee to 
 i-edistrict the State; elected to the Fifty-third, 
 Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, 
 and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Tate, Magnus, resided in Berkeley County, 
 Va. ; elected a Representative from Virginia to 
 the Fourteenth Congress as a Federalist. 
 
 Tatnall, Edward F., was a native of Savan- 
 nah, Ga.; received a liberal education; held sev- 
 eral local offices ; elected a Representative from 
 Georgia to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and 
 Nineteenth Congresses. 
 
 Tatnall, Josiah, was born at Bonaventure, Ga., 
 in 1762; received a liberal eilucation; at the com- 
 mencement of the Revolutionary war returned to 
 Georgia and enlisted under General Wayne; col- 
 onel of a regiment of State troops in 1793 for pro- 
 tection against the Indians; several years a mem- 
 ber of the State house of representatives; elected a 
 United States Senator from Georgia (vice James 
 Jackson, resigned), serving from 1796 to 1799; ap- 
 pointed brigadier-general of State troops in 1800; 
 died at Nassau, New Providence, June 6, 1803. 
 
 Tatum, Absalom, was elected a Representative 
 from North Carolina to the Fouith Congress, serv- 
 ing from December 7, 1795, to 1796, when he re- 
 signed. 
 
 Taul, Micah, was a native of Virginia; moved 
 to Kentucky; elected a Representative from Ken- 
 tucky to the Fourteenth Congress. 
 
 Taulbee, William Preston, of Saylersville, 
 Ky., was born in Jlorgan County, Ky., October 22, 
 1851 ; educated in private country schools; studied 
 for the ministry and for the law: admitted to the 
 bar in 1881; elected clerk of the Magoffin County 
 court in 1878 and 1882; elected to the ^"'orty-ninth 
 Congress as a Democrat, and reelected to the 
 Fiftieth Congress; declined a third term; died 
 March 11, 1890, at Washington, D. C. 
 
 TawTiey, James A., of Winona, Mimi., was 
 born in Mount Pleasant Township, near Gettys- 
 
 H. Doc. 45S- 
 
 -53 
 
884 
 
 CONCiKKdSIUNAL DUiECTUKY, 
 
 bur;;, Adams (^iiinty, I'a., .laimary :!, ISo.'i; at the 
 ajre '<( !■"> iMitcri'il tlic lilacksinilli >lii>|i of liii^ 
 fatlu'r as uii a|i|iivnti(e; subsi'inu'iitly li'aniiMl tlii' 
 tniili' of machinist; left IViiiisylvaiiia in .luly, 
 1877, airiviiij; at Winona Aujinst 1, wlicii' lie was 
 employed as u lilacksmitli and machinist nntil 
 Jaiuiary 1, 1881, when he commenced the stndy 
 of law; admitteil to the har.Inly 10, 1.S8:?; entireil 
 the law school of the University of Wisi'onsin in 
 tH-ptendier following.'; elected to the Stale senate 
 of .Minnesota in KS'IO; elected t<i the I'iflv-lhinl, 
 Fifty-fonith. Kifty-lifth, Fifty-sixth, l-iftv-scveiith, 
 and Fifty-eit.'hth Congresses as a Kepulilican. 
 
 Tayler, Robert Walker, of Lisbon, Ohio, was 
 born at Yoiin;.'stown. (Ihio, November L'li, lS.5;i; 
 Unidualed from Western Reserve Colle^'e, June, 
 187L'; in September of that year commenced teach- 
 in); in the high school at New IJsbon (now 
 Lisbon), and elected superintendent of schools 
 in 1873 and 1874; editor of the lUickeye State 
 newspaper at New Lisbon from .laiuiary, 1875, to 
 Novendier, 187(5; admitted to the bar in April, 
 1877, and t'lccted ]irosccutiMg attorney of Colum- 
 biana ('(.luntv in ISSO; reelected in 1S8:.'; served 
 until JannarV, 18S(i; ele<-tcd to the Fifty-fourth, 
 Fifty-tifth, Fifty-sixth, and Fifty-si>vciith Con- 
 gre.«ses as a Republican; nominated as Hejiublican 
 candidate for Kepresentative to the Fifty-eighth 
 Congress and declined; engaged in the ])ractice of 
 his ]irofession at Youngstown, Ohio. 
 
 Taylor, Abner, was born in Maine; contractor, 
 builder, and merchant; mend>er of the .state leg- 
 islaturi' for one term (thirty-fourth); delegiite 
 to the national Kejiublican convention in 1884; 
 elected a Kepresentative from Illinois to the Fifty- 
 first Congress as a Kejiublican, ami reelecteil to the 
 Fiftv-second Congress; died at Washington, D. C, 
 April 14, HI03. 
 
 Taylor, Alexander Wilson, was born in In- 
 diana County, I'a., March 21', i81.'i; received a 
 classical eilucat ion; studied law, and began jirac- 
 tice in 1841; elected clerk of the <-ourt of Indiana 
 Countv in 1845, and reelected in 1848; mendierof 
 the State legislature 185!MiO; elected a Kei)resent- 
 ative from Pennsylvania to the Forty-third Con- 
 gress as a Republican. 
 
 Taylor, Alfred Alexander, of .lohn.son City, 
 Tenn., was born near Elizaliethton, CarterCounty, 
 Tenn., in 184it; e<lucatedat Edge Hill and at Pen- 
 nington, N. J.; read law, and admitted to the bar 
 in 1870; elected to the legislature in 1875; candi- 
 date for elector on the Hayes and Wheeler ticket 
 in 1871); i-anilidate for elector on the (iarlielil and 
 Arthur ticket in 18Si»; nominated for governor in 
 188ti, and defeatcil by his brother, Kobert L. Tay- 
 lor, the Democratic nominee; elected to the Fifty- 
 first Congress as a Kepublican, aiul reelected to 
 the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses; a 
 noted lecturer. 
 
 Taylor, Arthur H., was born February 2!i, 
 18.52, at Caledonia Springs, Canada; moved with 
 his jiarents to Yates C'ounty, N, Y.; inove<l to the 
 city of In<lianapolis and commenced the study of 
 law; ailnntteil to the bar and jiracticed; elected 
 prosecuting attornev for the eleventh judicial cir- 
 cuit of Indiana in 1880 and 1882; elected to the 
 Fifty-third Cimgress as a Democrat. 
 
 Taylor, Caleb N., w.is born in Herks County, 
 I'a., ,lulv 27, 181!!; received a liberal education; 
 fanner; held .several local ollices; elected a Kepre- 
 sentative from Pennsylvania to the Fortieth Con- 
 gress as a Heiiublican; reelected to the Forty-first 
 Congress and took his scat April 13, 1870, after 
 
 successfully contesting the election of .bihn R. 
 Heading, and served until March 3, 1871. 
 
 Taylor, Ezra B., of Warren, Ohio, was bf)m 
 at -Nelson, Portage Cotmty, Ohio, .luly !i, 1823; 
 worked on the farm, having the advantages of 
 neighliorliooil common schools; atteniU-d select 
 sihools and academies; read law; commenced the 
 practice of law in his native county in 1845; elected 
 prosei-ntiug attorney in 1.S.54; moved to Warren, 
 Truudmll County, Ohio, in 18I>1; appointed com- 
 mon (ileas judge for the niidli judicial ili.strict in 
 .March, 1S77; electeil in October, 1877, for a full 
 term; (ieneral (iartield having been eleite<l Presi- 
 dent, resigned his inendiership of the Forty-sixth 
 Congre.-^s on the 8th ilay of .November, I.S80, and 
 Mr, Taylor was, on the 3(ltli day of November, 
 elected to till the vacancv so caused; electi'il to the 
 iMirty-seventh, Forty-eiglith, Forty-ninth. Fiftieth, 
 Fifty-first, and Fifty-second Congre.s.«es asa Repul)- 
 lican; resumed the practice of law after leaving 
 Congress. 
 
 Taylor, George, was born in Ireland in 1716; 
 received a limited education; came to the United 
 States in 17.SH; engaged in the manufacture of iron 
 in Pennsylvania; memlier of the colonial house of 
 re]>re.sentatives 17t>4-17(i9; colonel of militia; ap- 
 pointed judge of the county court in 1770; again a 
 memberof the provincial house of representatives 
 in 1 775; Delegate to the Continental Congress from 
 Pennsylvania in 177i)-77; moved to Easton, Pa., 
 and died there February 2:?, 1781. 
 
 Taylor, George, was born at Wheeling, Va., 
 October 10, 1820: received a liberal education; 
 studied medicine; stndie<l law, and in 1840 moved 
 to Indiana, where he practiced until 1844, when 
 he moved to Alabama; moveil to Brooklyn, N. Y., 
 in 1848, where he jjracticed; held several local 
 ollices; elected a Representative .from New York 
 to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat; ile- 
 feated for the Thirty-sixth Congress; resumed 
 practice at Washington, D. C. 
 
 Taylor, George Washington, of Demopolis, 
 Marengo County. .\la., was born .lanuary 16, 1849, 
 in Montgomery Counly, .Via.; educated at the 
 South Carolina I'niversity. Colmnbia, S. C; law- 
 yer; admitted to jiractice at Mobile, Ala.. Novein- 
 lier, 1871; entered the army as a Confederate 
 soldier in November, 1864, being then a student 
 at the academy in Coliuubia, S. C. ; .served a few 
 weeks with the South Carolina State troops on the 
 coast near Savannah, ami then enli.»ted in Coiu- 
 jiany D, Fii-st Regiment South Caroliiui Cavalry, 
 and served as a courier till the end of the war; 
 left the South Carolina I'niversity at 18; taught 
 school and studied law at the same time; elected 
 to tlu' lower house of the geiu-ral assembly of 
 -Vlabama in 1878; elected .State solicitor in 1.880, 
 ami reelected in 18S6; declined a third term; 
 eleitedtotheFifty-lifth. Fifty-sixth, Fifty-.sevenfh, 
 and Fifty-eighth Congre.s.«es as a Democrat; chair- 
 man of the Alabama .State Democratic convention 
 in 1901. 
 
 Taylor, Isaac Hamilton, of Carrollton, Ohio, 
 was born near New llarrisburg. Carroll County, 
 Ohio, April 18. 1840- received a common school 
 and ai-ademic edu<-ation; sttulied law; lawyer; 
 clerk of c<iurts in Carroll Counly, Ohio, from Jan- 
 uary, 1870, luitil February, 1,877; elected to the 
 Forty-ninth Congress asa fiepublican. 
 
 Taylor. John, was born in OrangeCounty, Va., 
 in 17.50; received a limited eilucatioii; farmer: held 
 several local ollices; appointed a rnited .States 
 Senator as a Democrat (vice Kiciiard Henry Lee, 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 835 
 
 resigned), and reelected, serving from December 
 12, 1793, until 1794, when he resigned; again ap- 
 pointed a United States Senator (vice S. T. Mason, 
 deceased), serving from Octolier 17, 1S03, to De- 
 cember 13, 1803; elected a United States Senator 
 (vice James Pleasants, resigned), serving from 
 December 30, 1822, until he died, in Caroline 
 County, Va., August 20, 1824. 
 
 Taylor, John, ^^'as born at Columliia, S. C, 
 Jlay 4, 1770; graduated from Princeton College 
 in 1790; studied law, and in 1793 began practice at 
 Columbia; also engaged in planting; held several 
 local offices; elected a Representative from South 
 Carolina to the Tenth and Eleventh Congresses, 
 resigning December 31, ISIO, having been elected 
 a United States Senator (vice Thomas Sumter, 
 resigned), and served until 1816, when he resigned; 
 electeil a Representative to the Fourteenth Con- 
 gress; defeated for the Fifteenth and Seventeenth 
 Congresses; State senator in 1822; governor of 
 South Carolina 1826-1828; died at Columbia, S. C, 
 April 16, 1832. 
 
 Taylor, John J., was a native of Massachusetts; 
 moved to Oswego, N. Y. ; held several local offices; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Taylor, John L. , was born in Stafford County, 
 Va., IMarcli 7, 1805; received a liberal education; 
 studied law, and l:iegau practice at Chillicothe, 
 Ohio, in 1829; elected a Representative from Ohio 
 to the Thirtieth Congress as a ^\'hig; reelected to 
 the Thirty-first, Thirty-second, and Tliirty-third 
 Congresses; a clerk in the Interior Department in 
 1870; died September 6, 1870. 
 
 Tayloj, John May, of Lexington, Tenn., was 
 boi'n there May is, 1838; educated at the academy 
 at Lexington and at Union Univerity, Murfrees- 
 boro, Tenn.; studied law, and graduated from the 
 law school of Cumberland University, at Lebanon, 
 Tenn.; lawyer; elected first lieutenant. Confed- 
 erate States army, in June, 1861, and promoted to 
 captain; elected major of the Twenty -seventh Ten- 
 nessee Regiment in 1862; electei! mayor of Lexing- 
 ton in May, 1869; delegate to the State constitu- 
 tional convention of Tennessee in 1870; elected 
 attorney-general of the eleventh judicial circuit of 
 Tennessee in 1870 and served eight years; elected 
 a Representative from Tennessee to the Forty- 
 eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Taylor, John W. , was born in Charlton, X. Y., 
 Manii 26, 17S4; graduated from Union College 
 in 1803; studied, law, and began practice at Ball- 
 ston Springs ; member of the State legislature 
 1812-13 ; elected a Representative from Xew 
 York to the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Fifteenth, 
 Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, 
 Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; Speaker of the House 
 during the second session of the Sixteenth Con- 
 gress, and also of the Nineteenth Congress; moved 
 to Cleveland, Ohio, in September, 1843, where he 
 died September 8, 1854. 
 
 Taylor, Jonathan, was a nati\-e of Connecti- 
 cut; moved to Newark, (.)hio; held several local 
 offices; elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
 Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Taylor, Joseph D., of Cambridge, Ohio, was 
 born in Belmont County, Ohio, Novenil.ier 7, 1830; 
 educated in the connnon schools and at JIadison 
 College; taught school : served as examiner; studied 
 law at Cincinnati; admitted to the liar in 1859; 
 graduated from the Cincinnati Law College in 1860; 
 
 entered the Army as captain in the Eighty-eighth 
 < Ihio Volunteer Infantry; served as judge-advocate 
 at Cincinnati, Indianapolis, and other places; 
 judge-advocate of the department of Indiana; 
 twice elected prosecuting attorney of Guernsey 
 County; president of the Cambridge school board 
 seven years; president of the Guernsey National 
 Bank; delegate to the Philadelphia Loyalists' con- 
 vention in 1866: represented his district in the 
 national Reimblican convention in 1876 as alter- 
 nate and in 1880 as delegate; lay delegate to the 
 last general conference of the Methodist Episcopal 
 Church; elected to the Forty-seventh Congress as 
 a Repulilican, to fill the vacancy causeil by the 
 death of Hon. J. T. ITpdegraff; reelected to the 
 Forty-eighth, Fiftieth, Fifty-first, and Fifty-second 
 Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Taylor, Miles, was a native of New York; re- 
 ceived a liberal education; studied law. and began 
 practice at Donaldsonville, La.; held several local 
 offices; elected a Representative from Louisiana to 
 the Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth, and Thirty-sixth 
 Congresses as a Democrat, serving until February 5, 
 1861, when he retired from the House. 
 
 Taylor, Nathaniel G., was born in Carter 
 County, Tenn., Decendier29, 1819; graduated from 
 Princeton Cdllege in 1840; studied law and prac- 
 ticed; Presidential elector on the Scott ticket in 
 1853; elected a Representative from Tennessee to 
 the Thirty-third Congress (vice B. Campbell, de- 
 ceased) as a Whig; Presidential elector on the 
 Bell and Everett ticket in 1860; elected to the 
 Thirty-ninth Congress; was Commissioner of In- 
 dian Affairs, serving from March 26, 1867, to 
 April 21, 1869. 
 
 Taylor, Nelson, was born at South Norwalk, 
 Conn., June 8, 1821; received a liberal education; 
 captain in the First New York Volunteers in the 
 Mexican war 1846-1848; located at Stockton, Cal.; 
 elected State senator in 1849; held several local 
 offices; returne<l to New York and studied law, 
 and admitted to the bar in 1860; served in the 
 Union Army and attained the rank of Iirigadier- 
 general; resumed the practice of law; elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Thirty- 
 ninth Congress as a Democrat; died at South Nor- 
 walk, Conn., January 16, 1894. 
 
 Taylor, Robert, was a nati\e of "N'irginia; 
 received a liberal education; held several local 
 offices; elected a Rejiresentative from Virginia to 
 the Nineteenth Congress. 
 
 Taylor, Robert L., of Jonesboro, Tenn., was 
 born at Happy Valley, Carter County, Tenn., 
 July 31, 1850; educated at Pennington, N. J., 
 and" at the East Tennessee Wesleyau" University, 
 .Uhens, Tenn. ; li<'ensed to practice law in July, 
 1878; electeil to the Forty-sixth Congress asaDeiii- 
 ocrat; defeated for the Forty-seventh and Forty- 
 eighth Congresses; editor of the Johnson Citv 
 Comet in 1884; Presidential elector in 1884 on the 
 Democratic ticket; appointed I'nited States iien- 
 sion agent at Knoxville, Tenn., by President 
 Cleveland in 1885; elected governor of Tennessee 
 in 1886, clefeating his lirother, A. A. Taylor, who 
 was the Republican candidate; reelected' governor 
 in 1888; again Democratic Presidential elector in 
 1892; an unsuccessful candidate foi- the United 
 States Senate in January, 1893; again elected gov- 
 ernor of Tennessee in 1896; again defeated for the 
 United States Senate. 
 
 Taylor, Vincent Albert, of Bedford, Ohio, 
 was born in Bedfonl Decendier 6, 1845; educated 
 in the common schools; enlisted May, 1864, in 
 
830 
 
 Ol)NOKK8SIUNAL UIKKCTUKV. 
 
 Company II, Ono luiiulivil an<I liftioth Ohio 
 VoUiiilfi'i- Iiifaiitrv, ami in Aiiiriist of tlio saini' 
 year in (Vmipany II. nnr Imnilrcil and scvfiitv- 
 sevenlli Ohio N'ohiiilccr Inl'antrv, anil scrvt'cl in 
 that lojiinu'nt until the rloso nl" tlu- war, whun lio 
 began business as a rnaniifai-tuRT; scrveil two 
 years, IKSH an<l I.SSII, in llic Ohio senate; elected 
 lo the Kilty-sei'oiid Conjiress as a Uepuhliean. 
 
 Taylor, Waller, w;us born in LunenhurjrConnty, 
 Va., Ijelnre ITSli; received a lihend eihication; 
 moved to Indiana ami locale<l at Vincennes; Ter- 
 ritorial jiuljre in l.SlMi; served as aid-iU'-cainp to 
 General Harrison in the war of KS12, and was at 
 the battle of Tippecanoe; electe<l a I'niled States 
 Senator from Indiana as a Democrat, and re- 
 elected, serviiii; from l.Slti to 182.5; died at l.imcn- 
 burp, Va., Ansrust L'li, 182t>. 
 
 Taylor, William, was born in Cnnnecticnt in 
 17!i:i; iiimvim! with his parents to( )nonda^'al'nunty. 
 N. Y.: attcndi'd the pnlilii' schools; studied nicdi- 
 cine and ]iracticc<l; cleclcil a licprcsciitativc from 
 New York to the Twenty-third, Twenly-limrth. 
 and Twenty-lift h C'onfrresses as a Democrat; served 
 in the ."slate house of repre.sentatives in 1841 and 
 1842; died at Manlivis, N. Y., September (3, 184;). 
 
 Taylor, William, was a native of Alexandria. 
 Va.: received ;i hhcral eihication; stiulied law and 
 began [iracticc in Uockiiiirhain Coiiiity. \a.; held 
 several local otKccs; clcctcil a R ■prcseiilativc fioni 
 Virginia to the Tweiity-ei'_dith and Twenty-ninth 
 Congresses as a Democrat; dii-d .lannary 17, l.S4<i, 
 at Washington, D. O. 
 
 Taylor, William P., was born at Fredericks- 
 burg, Va. ; received a limited education; held sev- 
 eral local otlices; elected a Representative from 
 Virginia to the Twenty-third ( 'Ongre.ss as a Whig; 
 di'fcated lor the Twenty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Taylor, Zachary, of Covington, Teiin., was 
 born in Haywood Comity, Tenn., May 9, 1849; 
 received such early education as the common 
 schools of the country afforded; entered the Vir- 
 ginia Military Institute in December, 1.868, and 
 graduated as .senior captain ,Tuly 4, 1872; cutcrc<I 
 the law school of <"umhcrland Cuiversity al l.cli- 
 anon, Tenn.. in .lanuary. 187:!. and graduated in 
 January. 1874; began the practice of law at Cov- 
 ington in 187.S; elected to the forty-second general 
 assembly of Tennessee as a .senator, from the coun- 
 ties of Tijiton. Fayette, and Shelby, in November, 
 1880; postmaster" at Covington from July 1, 18,s:{, • 
 to .lanuary 1, 18Sr>, when he resigned, having been 
 elected to the Forty-ninth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican; after leaving Congress move(l to Memphis, 
 Tenn., where be engaged in general life insurance 
 biisine.ss; delegiite to the Rei)ublican national con- 
 vention in I.HIK). 
 
 Tazewell, Henry, was Kirn in Hrunswick 
 Countv, Va., in 17-">S; graduated from William and 
 Mary College; studied law. and in 177H began prac- 
 tice; member of the provincial house of liurircs.ses 
 in 177.t; a delegate to the Stateconstitutional con- 
 vention <if 177li; judge of the high court of appeals 
 in 179,3; elected a liiilcd States Si-nator from \'ir- 
 ginia (vice .loliii Taylor, resigned), serving from 
 December 21), 17!I4, ti> .lannary 24. I7!>ll. when he 
 died at I'hiladelphia, Pa. 
 
 Tazewell, Littleton Walker, was born at 
 Williamsburg. \a., Dciciiibcr 17. 1774; grailuated 
 from Williaiii and Mary Col li'ge in I7!M; studied 
 law, anil U-gaii iiractice at Williamsbiii-g in 17!iii; 
 serveii in the.State house of i-e|)re.sentatives in 1798; 
 moveil to Norfolk, Va.. in 1801; elected a Kepre- 
 
 .sentative from Virginia to the Sixth Congress 
 (vice .John .Marshall, resigned) as a Democrat; 
 one of the lominissioners of claims under the 
 treaty with Spain ceding Florida in 1820; declined 
 the mission to (ireat Britain; elected a l'nite<i 
 States Senator from Virginia (vice John Taylor, 
 resigned), serving from Decemher 29, 1824, to July 
 1(>, 18;i2, when he resigned; died at Norfolk, Va., 
 March ti, IStiO. 
 
 Teese, Frederick H. , was born at Newark, 
 N. J.. OctolH-r21, ls2:i; graduated from Princeton 
 College in 184.S; stuilied law, and began practice 
 at Newark; meinlier of the ."state house of repre- 
 .sentatives 18ti0-til; s|)eaker one year; a|i|K)iiited 
 presiding judge of the court of cominon jilcas of 
 l'"s.sex County in i8(>4, and reappointed in 181)9; 
 elected a Representative from New Jersey to the 
 Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Telfair, Edward, was born in Scotland inl7:i5; 
 received a cliusgical education; eniigrafe<i to Amer- 
 icaand located in the provini'eof Virginia in 17;i.'>; 
 moved to Halifax, N. C. ; establishe<l acomnii.ssion 
 house at Savannah, (ia.. in 17(>t);a Delegate from 
 Oeorgia to the Continental Congress 1777-1779 
 and 17.80-1783; died at Savannah, Ga., Septeniljer 
 17, 1.S07. 
 
 Telfair, Thomas, was bom at Savannah, (ia.; 
 graduated lioni I'riiuetoii College in \SOrt; stnilii><I 
 law. and lx>gan practice at .Savannah, (ia.; elected 
 a Representative from (ieorgia to the Thirteenth 
 and Fourteenth Congresses; died at .Sivannah, 
 Oa., April 2, 1818. 
 
 Teller, Henry M., of Central Citv. Colo., was 
 born ill Allegany County. N. Y.. M'ay 2.'i, 18:{0; 
 studied law; admitted to the bar in New York 
 and practiced; moved to Illinois in 1H.")S, and from 
 there to Colorado in bSlil; elected to the I'nited 
 States Senate as a Republican, and took his .seat 
 December 4, 187t); reelected December II, I87t); 
 resigned April 17, 1882. to become Secretary of 
 tlie Interior, and served nntil March.'!, 18S.'>; again 
 elected to the Cnited States Senate as a Repul)- 
 lican. and took his seat .March 4, 18,8.5; reelected in 
 I.H9I; a ReiHiblican in politics, but withdrew from 
 the national Reiniblican convention at St. Louis 
 in .lune. l.'>9(). because of diss;itisfactiiin at the 
 linancial iilank of the platform; reelected in \XM7 
 as an Indeps'iident Silver Repulilican; reelected 
 in 190:! as a Democrat. 
 
 Teller, Isaac, was born in Dutchess Countv, 
 N. Y., in 179.S; received a liberal education; held 
 several local otlices; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Thirty-third Oingress (vice Gil- 
 bert Dean, resigned) as a Whig, .serving from 
 December 4. 1854, to Marcli ,S, 1855; dietl at .Mat- 
 teawan. N. Y., April :io, 18(i8. 
 
 Temple, William, was born in (^ueen Anne 
 County. Md., February 28. 1815; received a lilH»ral 
 education; merchant at J^niyrna, Del.; member of 
 the State house of reiiresentatives in 1844; chosen 
 speaker; by the death of the governor and presi- 
 dent of the senate, acting governor of Delaware; 
 State senator 184.5-1.'<.54; elected a Representative 
 from Delaware to the Thirty-eighth Congress as a 
 Democrat, but dieil liefore taking his seat, at 
 Smyrna, Pel., August 8, 18(j3. 
 
 Ten Eyck, Egbert, was l>orn in Rensselaer 
 County. N. Y.. .\pril 18. 1779; graduated from 
 William and Mary College; studied law and began 
 practice at Watertown, N. Y.; member of the 
 State house of representatives 1812-1:?, and s|H-aker 
 one year; delegate in 1S32 to the constitutional 
 
BIOGKAPHIES. 
 
 837 
 
 convention; elected a Representative from New 
 York tdthe Eighteentliand XineteentliC'ongresses; 
 judge of the Jeffers^on Coinitv court:'; died at 
 Watertown, N. Y., April 11, 1844. 
 
 Ten. Eyck, John C. , was born at Freehold, 
 N..T., March 12. Isl4; received a liberal education; 
 studied law, and in 1835 began practice at Mount 
 Holly, X. J.; was jirosecuting attorney for Bur- 
 lington County lSo9-184y; delegate to the State 
 constitutional convention in 1844; elected a I'nited 
 States Senator from New Jersey as a Republican, 
 serving from December 5, 1859, to JIarch 3, 1865; 
 appointed a member of a commission to revise the 
 New Jersev constitution in 1875; died at !Mount 
 Holly, X. J., August 24, 1879. 
 
 Tenney, Samuel, was born in Byfield, ^la-^JS. , 
 November 27, 174S; graduated from Harvard Col- 
 lege in 1772: studieil medicine; began practicing at 
 Exeter, N. H. ; surgeon in the Rev<.ilutinnary Army; 
 retui'ned to Exeterand became judge of probate for 
 Rockingham County; elected a Representative 
 from New Hampshire to the Sixth Congress, vice 
 William Gordon, resigned; reelected to the Sev- 
 enth, Eighth, and Ninth Congresses; diedat Exeter, 
 N. H., February li, 1816. 
 
 Terrill, William, was born at Fairfax County, 
 Ya., about 1778; received a classical education; 
 served several terms in the State legislature; held 
 various local offices; elected a Rejiresentative from 
 Georgia to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congres.ses 
 as a Democrat; declined a reelection; died at 
 Sparta, Ga., .luly 4, 18-55. 
 
 Terry, Nathaniel, was born at Enfield, Conn., 
 in 1768; graduated from Yale College in 1786; held 
 several county ancl State offices; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Connecticut to the Fifteenth Con- 
 gress; died at New Haven, Conn., June 14, 1844. 
 
 Terry, "William, was born in Andierst County, 
 Ya., August 14, 1824; graduated from the Univer- 
 sity of Yirginia in 1848; taught school; studied law, 
 and began practicing at AVytheville in 1851; en- 
 gaged in newspaper work; served in the Confed- 
 erate army ; elected a Representative from Virginia 
 to the Forty-second Congress as a Conservative; 
 elected to the Forty-fourth Congress; died Sep- 
 tember 5, 18.S8, near Wytheville, Ya. 
 
 Terry, William Leake, of Pulaski, Ark., was 
 born in Anson County, N. C, September 27, 1850; 
 when 7 years of age moved with his parents to 
 Tippah Coimty, Miss., and thence to .\rkansas in 
 1861; received his preparatory education at Bing- 
 ham's Military Academy, North Carolina; admitted 
 to Trinity College, North Carolina, in 1869; gradu- 
 ated in Jun^, 1872; studied law; admitted to the 
 bar in November, 1873; elected to city council in 
 April, 1877; elected to the State senate in Septem- 
 ber, 1878; elected president of senate at close of 
 session in !March, 1879; served eight terms as city 
 attorney of Little Rock; elected to the Fifty-second 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected t(i the Fifty- 
 third, Fifty-fourth, and Fifty-fifth Congresses; 
 reelected to the Fifty-sixth Congress without 
 opposition; defeated for renomination. 
 
 Test, John, was a native of Salem, N. J.; re- 
 ceived a cnumiou school education; studied law 
 and began practice at Brookville, Ind.; held sev- 
 eral local offices; elected a Representative from 
 Indiana to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Con- 
 gresses as a Clay Democrat; defeated for reelection 
 to the Twentieth Congress; elected to the Twenty- 
 first Congress as a ^Vhig; presiding judge of an 
 Indiana circuit court; moved to Mobile, .\la.; died 
 near Cambridge City, Ind., October 9, 1849. 
 
 Thacher, George, was born at Yarmouth, 
 Mass. (aftei'wards Maine!, April 12, 1754; gradu- 
 ated from Harvard College in 1776; studieil law 
 and began practice at York in 1778; moved to 
 Biddeford in 1782; Delegate from Massachusetts 
 to the Continental Congress 1787-88; elected a 
 Representative from the Maine district of Massa- 
 chusetts to the First, Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth, 
 and Sixth Congresses; a judge of the supreme 
 court of Massachusetts, and afterwards of llaine 
 1800-1824; delegate to the constitutional conven- 
 tion of Maine in 1819; died at Biddeford, Me., 
 April 6, 1824. 
 
 Thacher, Samuel, was born at Cambridge, 
 Mass., July 1, 1776; graduated from Harvard 
 College in 1793; studied law, and in 1797 began 
 practice at New Gloucester; moved to ^Varren in 
 1800; a member of the State house of I'epresenta- 
 tives 1801-1811; elected a Representative from 
 Massachusetts to the Seventh Congress, vice Silas 
 Lee, resigned; reelected tij the Eighth Congress; 
 sheriff of Lincoln County 1814-1821; again a mem- 
 ber of the State house of representati\'es in 1824; 
 moved to Bangor, Me., in 1866, and died there 
 July 19, 1872. 
 
 Thayer, Eli, was born at Mendon, Ma.'^s. , June 
 11, 1819; graduated from Brown University in 
 1843; a member of the State house of represent- 
 atives 1853-54; elected a Representative from 
 Massachusetts to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a 
 Republican; reelected to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
 gress and defeated as the Republican candidate 
 for the Thirty-seventh Congress; died in 1899. 
 
 Thayer, John M., was born at Bellingham, 
 Mass., January 24, 1820; graduated from Brown 
 University; studied law; admitted to the bar; 
 moved to Nebraska in 1854; briga<lier-general and 
 major-general of the Territorial forces operating 
 against the Indians 1855-1861; captured the Paw- 
 nees and placed them on reservations 1859; 
 colonel and brigadier-general U. S. Volunteers 
 1861-1865; member of constitutional convention 
 of Nebraska; elected a I'nited States Senator from 
 Nebra.ska as a Republican, serving from 1867 to 
 1871; governor of Wyoming Territory 1875tol878; 
 department conmianderof theG. A. R. of Nebraska 
 1886; elected governor of Nebraska, serving from 
 January, 1887, to January, 1891. 
 
 Thayer, John R., of Worcester, Mass., was 
 born at Douglass, Mass., March 9, 1845; attended 
 the common schools in Douglass; later fitted for 
 college at Nichols Academy, in Dudley, Worces- 
 ter County; entered Yale College in 1865, and 
 graduated in the class of 1869; after leaving col- 
 lege began the study of law; admitted to the bar 
 in 1871, and at once began the jiractice of lii.s pro- 
 fession in Worcester; elected to both branches of 
 the city government; trustee of the Worcester 
 City Hospital for eight years; one of the trustees 
 of Nichols Academy for fifteen years; elected rep- 
 resentative to the general t'ourt of ^lassachusetts for 
 two terms, in 1880 an<l 1881 ; elected to the Massa- 
 chusetts senate for two terms, in 1890 and 1891; 
 elected to the Fifty-sixth Congress as a Democrat; 
 reelected to the Fifty-seveuth and Fifty-eighth 
 Congresses. 
 
 Thayer, M. Russell, was born at Petersburg, 
 Va., January 27, 1819; gra<lnated from the Univer- 
 sity of Pennsylvania in 1840; studied law and be- 
 gan practice at Philadelphia; elected a Represent- 
 ative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-eighth and 
 Thirty-ninth Congresses as a Republican; declined 
 a renomination; appointed judge of the district 
 
838 
 
 CONUKKSSIUNAL UIKKCTOKV. 
 
 court of riiilailplph'm in ISfiT: olrrtod for a torni 
 of ti'ii years in IStiS; apiminlcil pn'sident-juilni' of 
 tin- cMiirt of connnon |lll•a^• of I'liiUulelpliia in 1874. 
 
 Theaker, ThomaB C, was l)orn in York 
 Connty, I'a., I'Vbrnary 1, 1812; rewivod a liberal 
 eiiucation; moved to" Briiltreport, Ohio, in 1830; 
 nia<'liinist; elected a Ke])resentutive from Ohio to 
 the Tliirty-sixth Connress as :i Kepnlilican: de- 
 feated for reelection; Comniis-iioner of Patents 
 1865-1868; died at Oakland, JId., July 16, 1883. 
 
 Thibodeaux, Bannon G. , was a native of 
 l,oiiisiaii;i; sii'^'ar planter; received a limited edu- 
 cation; held several local ollices; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Louisiana to the Twenty-ninth 
 and Thirtieth Con<.'repses; died March 11, ISlMi. 
 
 Thomas, Benjamin F. , was horn at Boston, 
 Mass., Kel)ruary IL', 1813; moved to Worcester in 
 1811); graduated from Brown I'liiversity in 18.30; 
 studied law, and in 1833 bejtan practice at Worces- 
 ter; held several local offices; a member of the 
 State house of representatives in 18412; judge of 
 probate 1S44-1848; Presidential elector on the 
 Whig ticket in 1848; judge of the Massachusetts 
 supreme court 18.53-18.">9, when he resigned to 
 engage in the practice of law; electe<l a Represent- 
 ative from Ma.«.sachusetts to the Thirty-seventh 
 Congress as a (^>nservative I'nionist; resumed 
 practice; nominateil by (iovernor Rulliuk for chief 
 justice of Massacluisetts in 1.S6H, but the nomina- 
 tion was not confirmed by the conniil; jiresideiit 
 of the American Antii|uarian Society; madea doc- 
 tor of laws by both Harvard and Brown universi- 
 tiea; died at Salem, Mass., September 27, 1878. 
 
 Thomas, Charles R., was born in Carteret 
 County. N. C. February 7, 1827; graduate<l from 
 the I'liiversity of Nurt'b Carolina in June, 184!i; 
 studieil law and began jiractice; one of the judges 
 of the superior lourt in .\pril, 18(i8; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from North Carolina to the Forty-secon<l 
 Congress as a Republican; reelected to the Forty- 
 third ('(ingress. 
 
 Thomas, Charles Randolph, nf Xewbern, 
 N. C., was born at Beaufort, N. C, .\ugust 21, 
 1861; son of the late .ludge Charles R. Thomas, 
 who was a memberof the Forty-second and I-"orty- 
 thiril Congres.«es; edu<-ated at the Newbern Acad- 
 emy, the school of Prof. Charles B. Young, known 
 as the Kmerson Institute, Washington, 1). C.,and 
 the I'niversity of North Carolina, graduating in 
 1881; studied 'law. lirst with bis fatlur. and then 
 at the law school of .ludges R. P. Dick and .John II. 
 Dillard, at Greensboro. N. C; ailmittecl to the bar 
 in October, 1882; memberof the house of re|)re- 
 sentativesof the North Cartilina legislature in 1887; 
 served six vears as attornev for the countv of 
 Craven, from 1890 to 1896; "elected by the State 
 legislature a trustee of the University of North 
 Carolina in 1893; member of the State Democratic 
 executive committee; elected Democratic Presi- 
 dential elector in l.S9(>; elected to the I'ifty-sixth, 
 and reelected to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth 
 Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Thomas, Christopher Y., was horn in Pittsyl- 
 vania Ciinnty, \ a.. March 24, 1818; received a 
 liberal eiiucation; studied law, and began praitice 
 at Nhirtinsville, \'a., in June 1844; served four 
 years in the Virginia State legislature; member of 
 the constitutional convention in 1.867; again electeil 
 in 1869 to the State legislature of Virginia; elected 
 a Kepresentiitive from Virginia to the I'orty-thinl 
 Congress as a Republican; defeated for the Forty- 
 fourth Congress. 
 
 Thomas, David, w.n,o a native of Washington 
 Countv, .N. v.; received a libiTal (Khication; mem- 
 ber of th.- State house of representatives 1794-1.800; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Seventh, Kighth, Ninth, and Tenth Congresses aa 
 a Democrat, serving until May 1, 1808, when he 
 resigne<l; treasurer of the State of New York 
 1812-13. 
 
 Thomas, Francis, was born in l-'re<lerick 
 Coimtv. Md., February 3, 1799; graduated from 
 St. .bilin's College, .\nnapolis; studied law, anil 
 began practice at Frankville; member of the State 
 hou.se of representatives 1822, 1827. and 1829, the 
 last year assjteaker; elected a Representative from 
 .Maryland to the Twi-ntv-secuml Congre.>iS as a 
 Democrat; again electeil to the Twenty-third, 
 Twenty-fourth, Twenty-fifth, and Twenty-sixth 
 Congresses; president of the Chesiipeake and Ohio 
 Canal fortwo years; goveriiorof .Maryland 1841—44; 
 a delegate in 18.i0 to the State constitutional con- 
 vention; elected a Representative to the Thirty- 
 seventh Congress as a I'nion Republican; riH>lecte«I 
 to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth 
 Congres.oes; eollectorof internal revenue IS70-1872; 
 minister to Peru from 1872 to 1875; died January 
 22, 1876, near Franklinville, Md. 
 
 Thomas, George M., of Vanceburg, Ky., was 
 born in Lewis t'nunty, Ky.. Novendier 23, 1.828; 
 received a common scliool education; studied law, 
 and admitted to the bar in 18.')1; elected county 
 attorney of Lewis Countv as a Whig in 18.54, and 
 served four years; electeil to the State legislature in 
 1.8.59 and reelected in 1861 ; elected Commonwealth 
 attorney for the tenth judicial district, and served 
 sixyeare; Presidential elector in 1864; also in 1868 
 and' 1872; electeil county judge in 1868; the Re- 
 publican candidate for lieutenant-governor in 1871; 
 elected to the legislature in 1872 and 1873; elected 
 circuit judge in the fourteenth judicial district in 
 1874 and served six years; ajipointed Cnited States 
 district attorney by President (iartield in May, 
 1,881, and served four years; elected to the Fiftieth 
 Congress as a Republican; appointed solicitor of 
 internal revenue by President >IcKinley. 
 
 Thomas, Henry F. , of Allegan. Mich., wa.« horn 
 in the township of Tompkins. Jackson County, 
 Mich.. December 17. 1843; entered .\lbion College 
 in 18.59; enlisted in the Seventh Michigan Cavalry 
 as a private in 1862; i)romoted to the position of 
 lirst sergeant of Com|)any D, and in July, 18t)4, 
 promoted to be second lieutenant; renewed his 
 studies at Yi>silanti Normal .S'hool; entered the 
 medical deiiartnient of the State I'niversity, grad- 
 uating in the spring of 1.8(i8; couunenced i)r!Jctice 
 at Constantine. St. .loseph County, Jlich., remain- 
 ing about a year, when he moveil to Allegan; 
 elected a memberof the State hou.se of representa- 
 tives 1873-74; delegate to the Republican national 
 convention from the Fifth district in 1884; .\lbioii 
 College conferred upon him the degree of ma.ster 
 of arts in 1.882; elected to the Fifty-third anil 
 Fifty-fourth Congr»'.s.ses as a Repuljlican; returned 
 to .Ulegan. Mich., and resumed the practice of 
 nieilicine; ilevoted part of his time to the manage- 
 ment of a creamery and his farms. 
 
 Thomas, Isaac, was elected a Representative 
 
 from Tennessee to the Fourteenth Congress. 
 
 Thomas, James Houston, was born in Iredell 
 County. N. C. Septcndier 22. 1808; graduat(>il 
 Imm Columbia College. Tennes-si'C. in 1830; studied 
 law and r)eL'an i)ractice at Colundiia, Tenn.; attor- 
 nev-general oi Tenne.ssee 1.836-1842; elected a 
 Representative from Tennessee to the Thirtieth 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 839 
 
 and Thirtv-first Congresses as a Democrat; de- 
 feated for "reelection; elected to the Thirty-sixth 
 Consrest^. 
 
 Tliomas, Jesse B., Avas born at Hagerstown, 
 !\Id., in 1777; elected a Delegate from Indiana 
 Territory (which included Illinois) to the Tenth 
 Congress (vice Benjamin Park, resigned), sei'ving 
 from December 1, 1808, to March 3, 1809; ap- 
 pointed judge of the United States court for the 
 northwestern judicial district; elected one of the 
 first United States Senators from Illinois, serving 
 from December 4, 1818, to March 3, 1829; moved 
 to Mount Vernon, Ohio, where he died May 4, 1853. 
 
 Thomas, John C, was elected a Representa- 
 tive from 5Iar\land to the Sixth Congress. 
 
 Thomas, John L., was born at Baltimore, 
 Md., May 20, 1835; received a liberal education; 
 studied law, and began practice at Baltimore; held 
 several city and county offices; State attorney in 
 1863; delegate to the State constitutional conven- 
 tion in 1863; elected a Representative from Jlary- 
 land to the Thirty-ninth Cc mtrress as a Repul.)lican; 
 defeated as the Republican candidate for reelection; 
 collector of the port of Baltimore; died at Balti- 
 more, Md., October 15, 1893. 
 
 Thomas, John K., of Metropolis, 111., was 
 born at IMount Vernon, Jefferson County, 111., 
 October 11, 1846; received a common sdu ml edu- 
 cation; served in the I'nion Army during the war 
 of the rebellion; rose from the rank of jjrivate to 
 that of captain of infantry; studied law; admitted 
 to the bar in 1869; elected and served as State 
 attorney from 1872 to 1876; elected to the Forty- 
 sixth Congress as a Republican; reelected to the 
 Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, Fort>--ninth, and 
 Fiftieth Congresses. 
 
 Thomas, Lot, of Storm Lake, Iowa, was Ijorn 
 on a farm in Fayette County, Pa.,OctoVier 17, 1843; 
 remained on the farm until August, 1864, at- 
 tending district school during the winter, when he 
 entered Vermillion Institute, at Hayesville, Ohio; 
 remained in that institution until the fall of 1868, 
 when he went to Iowa and taught school a couple 
 of terms at Xew Virginia, Warren Cnunty; read 
 law, and on January 1, 1870, entere<l the law de- 
 partment of the Iowa State University at Iowa 
 City; remained in that institution two terms, and 
 in August of that year came to Buena Vista County 
 and located at Storm Lake; practiced law, having 
 been admitted to tlie bar while in Iowa City; con- 
 tinued in the practice until January, 1885, when 
 he went im the bench of the fourteenth judicial 
 district of Iowa, having been elected to that posi- 
 tion; continued on the district bench until .A-Ugust 
 26, 1898, when he resigned to accept the Repub- 
 lican nomination for Representative in Congress; 
 elected to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty- 
 eighth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Thomas, OrmsbyB., nf Prairie duChien, Wis., 
 was l.iorn at Sandgatc, Bennington County, Vt., 
 August 21, 1832; went to Wisconsin in 1836; re- 
 ceived a common school education; studied law 
 and graduated from the National Law School of 
 Poughkeepsie, N. Y.; admitted to the bar at 
 Albany, N. Y., in 1856; district attorney of Craw- 
 ford County, Wis., several terms; member of the 
 Wisconsin assembly in 1862, 1865, and 1867, and 
 of the Wisconsin State senate in 1880 and 1881; 
 Presidential elector in 1872; in the Union Army, 
 and served as captain of Company- D, Thirty-first 
 Regiment \Visconsin Volunteer Infantry; elected 
 to the Forty-umth Congress as a Republican, re- 
 
 elected to the Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses; 
 resumed the practice of law. 
 
 Thomas, Philemon, was born in Xorth Caro- 
 lina in 17ii4; rereiveil a limited education; moved 
 to Kentucky, where he was a member of the State 
 legislature; settled on the banks of the Lower Mis- 
 sissippi River, and in 1810 became the leader of 
 an uprising against the Spanish authorities, who 
 exercised authority over wliat is now Mississippi 
 and Louisiana; settled at Baton Rouge; elected a 
 Representative from Louisiana to the Twenty- 
 second and Twenty-third Congresses; died atBaton 
 Rouge, November 18, 1847. 
 
 Thomas, Philip Francis, was born in Talliot 
 County, ild., September 12, 1810; received a lib- 
 eral education; studied law, and began practice 
 at Easfon, Md., in 1831; member of the State con- 
 stitutional convention in 1836; member of the 
 State house of delegates 1838, 1843, and 1845; 
 elected a Representative from Maryland to the 
 Twenty-sixth Congress; elected governor of Mary- 
 land in 1847; appointed Commissioner of Patents 
 February 16, 1860; Secretary of the Treasury 
 1860-61; elected a United State.s Senator from 
 Maryland, but was not admitted to his seat; 
 elected a Representative to the Forty-fourth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; died at Baltimore, Md., 
 October 2, 1890. 
 
 Thomas, Richard, was born at Philade!]ihia 
 in 1745; received a common school education; 
 served in the Revolutionary Army; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Pennsylvania to the Fourth Con- 
 gress; reelected to the Fifth and Sixth Congresses; 
 died at Philadelphia in 1832. 
 
 Thomasson, William P. , was born in Henry 
 County, Ivy.; received a liberal education; studied 
 law, and began practice at Corydon, Ind.: served 
 in the Indiana State lej^islature; in 1841 moved to 
 Louisville; elected a Rejiresentative from Ken- 
 tucky to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth 
 Congresses as a AVhig; declined a renomination; 
 moved to Chicago, 111., where he resumed the 
 practice of law; served in the Union Army as 
 colonel of an Illinois regiment of volunteer in- 
 fantry. 
 
 Thompson, Albert Clifton, of Portsmouth, 
 Ohio, was born at Brookville, Jefferson County, 
 Pa., January 23, 1842; educateil in the common 
 schools of his native town and at Jefferson College, 
 Cannonsburg, Pa.; studied law; admitted to the 
 bar December 13, 1864; elected probate judge of 
 Scioto County, Ohio, in October, 1869; electeil 
 common pleas judge of the seventh judicial dis- 
 trict of Ohio in Octi.ilier, ISSl ; served in the I^nion 
 Army as second lieutenant of Company B, One 
 hundred and fifth Pennsylvania Volunteers; pro- 
 moted to captain of Company K, in the same reg- 
 iment, November 28, 1861, and served until JIarch 
 23, 1863, when he was discharged for wounds 
 received in battle; elected to the Forty-ninth Con- 
 gress as a Republican; reelected to the Fiftieth 
 and Fift\'-first Congresses; after leaving Congress 
 resumed the practice of law: appointed by the 
 President in 1897 chairman of the commission to 
 revise and codify the criminal and penal laws of 
 the United States; appointed United States judge 
 for the southern district of Ohio in September, 
 1898. 
 
 Thompson, Benjamin, was born at Charles- 
 town, !Mass., August 5, 1798; received a public 
 school education; merchant; held several local 
 offices; served several years in botli branches of 
 
84(t 
 
 OONGRESSIONAI, DlKKCI'oKY. 
 
 the State legislature; elected a Keineseiitative I'roiu 
 Mas.«aeliiisetts to the Tvveiity-iiiiitli Coiit;reR-J as a 
 Wlii),'; ileeliiieil a reelection; elected ti) the Thirly- 
 eecnnd Conv'ress, serviii^r from December 1, 1H51, 
 to Sepleiiiher :i4, 1S52, when he died, at Charles- 
 town. Mass. 
 
 Thompson, Charles P., \va,s horn at Braintree, 
 Alass., July HO, IH'JT: received a classical educa- 
 tion; studieil law, and in 1S,")4 admitted to the har; 
 bejran practiciu}; at (iloucester in ls'>7; nicmlier 
 of the State house of rei>re.senlatives: ele<ted a 
 Representative from Ma.s.sachusetts to the Korty- 
 fourth Congress as a Democrat; defeated for reelec- 
 tion to the Korty-lifth ConRress; defeated as the 
 Democratic candidate for governor of Massachu- 
 setts in 18.S0 and in l.SHI; judge of the superior 
 court of Massachusetts; die<l at (iloucester, Mass., 
 January 19, lSSt4. 
 
 Thompson, Charles "Winston, of Tuskegee, 
 Ala., was liorn in Macon Omnty, near Tuske- 
 gee, Ala., Decenilier 'M, 1860; educated in the 
 connnon schools of the county, at the I'ark High 
 School at Tuske^ree, .Via., and at I'ryant it Strat- 
 ton"s r.usincss College, honisville, Kv.; app(pinted 
 I)V< iovernor.Ioscph K. .lolinston in 1 Sill la member 
 of his staff, as lieutenant-colonel, and serve'l in 
 that capacity until the eml of his term; inendier 
 of the Methodist Church; president of the bank 
 of Tuskegee; C()unty sujierintendent of education 
 for Macon County from l.ssiito l.H.SS; chosen with- 
 out oi)position to represent the twenty-sixth sena- 
 torial district in the senate of Alabama in 1898; 
 elected to the l''ifty-seventhand Fifty-eighth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Thompson, George W. , was born at St. Clairs- 
 ville, ( ihio. May 14, ISOti; graduated from .Jefferson 
 College in ISl'li; studied law ami began practice; 
 appointed rnited .'^tates attorney for theilistrict cjf 
 Virginia in 1849; elected a Representative from 
 Virginia to the Thirty-second Congress as a I)em- 
 ocrat, serving from December 1, 18ol, to .July ;W, 
 1852, when he resigned to Ix'come judge of the cir- 
 cuit court; died near AVheeling, W, Va., February 
 24, 1.S88. 
 
 Thompson, Hedge, was born at Salem, X. .7., 
 in 1779; elected a Representative from New .Tersey 
 to the Twentieth Congress; died at Salem, N. ,1.', 
 July 23, 182S. 
 
 Thompson, Jacob, was born in Caswell County, 
 N. ('., May l"i, IMO; graduated from the I'niver- 
 sity of North Carolina, and afterwanls served as a 
 tutor; stmlied law, and in 18;5.t began practice in 
 Mississippi; elected a Representative from IMissis- ' 
 gippi to the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat 
 on a general ticket; reelected to the Twenty-sev- 
 enth, Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, I 
 and Thirty-tirst Congre.«.ses; declined a reelection; 
 Secretary of the Interior under I'resident Bu- 
 chanan, March t>, I8.i7, luitil he resigneil, .January 
 8, 181)1; served in the Confederate army; governor 
 of Mississippi l,S()2-18ti4; special agi-nt of the Con- 
 federate (iovernment in Canada; died at Memphis, i 
 Tenn., March 24, lS8.i. 
 
 Thompson, James, was born at Middlesex, 
 Pa., October 1. isoil; received a liberal education; 
 iirinter; studied law, and in 1828 began praiticeat 
 Krie, I'a. ; member of the State house of represi'nla- 
 lives 1,h:{2-18:M; si>i"aker of the house ls:;4; Presi- 
 dential eleitor on the Van liuri'ii ticket in ISHti; 
 j>r»'siding judge of the judicial district <-ourt jS.'iS- 
 1844; electeil a Representative from I'ennsylvania 
 to the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Tliirly-lirst 
 Congresses; resumed i)ractice; judge of the su- 
 
 lireme court of I'ennsylvania 1847-18,'j2; made a 
 chief justice of the supreme court of I'emisvlvania 
 18()i); died at Philadelphia, I'a., January 28. 1874. 
 
 Thompson, Joel, was a native of Albany 
 County, N. V.; received a common school educa- 
 tion at Smyrna, N. Y.; served several years in the 
 State house of repre-sentatives; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New York to the Thirteenth Con- 
 gress as a Federalist. 
 
 Thompson, John, was a native of Stillwater, 
 N. v.; received a common schoi>l education; held 
 several local otlices; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Sixth Congress as a Democrat; 
 again elected to the Tenth and Eleventh Con- 
 gres.ses. 
 
 Thompson, John, w;ls born at Rhinebeck, 
 N. Y., .Inly 4, ls(i9; graduated from Uni^in and 
 Yale colleges; studieil law and began practice at 
 I'oughkeepsie, N. Y.; elected a Re|>iesentative 
 from New York to the Thirty-tilth Congress as a 
 Republican; died at New Hamburg, X. Y'., June 
 1, 1890. 
 
 Thompson, John B., was born near Ilarrods- 
 burg, Ky., December 14, 1810; received a lil>i'ral 
 education; studieil law and [iracticed at Harrods- 
 burg; held several local olhces; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Kentucky to the Twenty-sixth Con- 
 gress (vice S. II. .\nderson, decea.<ed i as a Whig; 
 elected to the Twenty-seventh, Thirtieth, and 
 Thirty-iir.st (^ongre.s.«es; electe<l a Uniteil .stjites 
 Senator from Kentucky, serving from March 4, 
 bS."):5. to .March .S, 1859; died at Harrodsburg, Ky., 
 January 7, 1874. 
 
 Thompson, John M., was born in Butler 
 County, I'a., .lannary 4, ls:iO; received a cla-ssical 
 eilucation; studied law , and in 1.S.1.T began practice 
 at Butler, Pa.; niemberof the State house of repre- 
 .sentatives l,S.")9-(iO, one year as spe;iker; entered 
 the Unii>n .\rniy and served as major and subse- 
 quently as lieutenant-colonel of the Oru- hundred 
 and thirty-fourth Regiment of Pennsylvania Vol- 
 unteers; delegate to the Reimblii'an national con- 
 vention which nominated V. S. (irant; elected a 
 Representative from Pemisylvania to the Forty- 
 third Congress as a Republi<an, vici- K. McJunkin, 
 decca.scd; electecl to the Forty-fifth Congress. 
 
 Thompson, Mark, was a Representative from 
 New .Icrsey to the Jourthand Fifth Congres-ses. 
 
 Thompson, Philip, was a native of Kentucky; 
 received a limited education; hehl several local 
 otlices; elected a Representative from Kentucky 
 to the Kit.'hteenth Congress; died February 20, I82i». 
 
 Thompson, Philip B., jr., of Ilarroilsljurg, 
 Ky., was born there Octolicr b"), 184.5; by profes- 
 sion a lawyer; elected to the Forty-sixth, Forty- 
 seventh and Fortv-eighth Congresses as a Demo- 
 crat; located at W'ashington, D. C. 
 
 Thompson, Philip R. , was born in Culpeper 
 County, \a. in 177ii; served several vears asa mem- 
 ber of the State legislature; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Virginia to the Seventh, Kiglith, and 
 Ninth Congres.ses; died in Kanawha Cuuntv, Va., 
 July 22, 18.57. 
 
 Thompson, Richard W.tWit.slvirn in Culpt^iKT 
 County, Va., .luiu- 9. 1809; received a cla.^sical 
 eduiation; moved to Kentucky in 18:{1: clerk in a 
 stori'; moveil to Lawrence C/ounty, liid.; tatight 
 school; studied law, and in 18,'i4 began practicing 
 at He<lfonl, Inil., memlier of the State house of 
 representatives 18;J4-3.5; State senator I8:tt>-:17; 
 elected a Representative from Indiana to the 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 841 
 
 Twenty-seventh Congress as ii AVhig; Presidential 
 elector in 1840 on the Harrison and Tyler ticket; 
 elected to the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig; de- 
 clined a renomination; declined the Austrian mis- 
 sion; declined the recordership of the General- 
 Land Ottice offered him liy President Fillmore; dele- 
 gate to the national Republican convention of 1809 
 at Chicago; Presidential elector on the Lincoln 
 and Johnson ticket in 1864; delegate to the national 
 Republican convention at Chicago in 1868, and at 
 Cincinnati in 1876; Secretary of the Navy under 
 President Hayes, March 12, 1877-1881, resigning 
 to become chairman of the American Conmiittee 
 of the Panama Canal Company; tlirector of the 
 Panama Railroad Companv; died February 9, 
 1900. 
 
 Thompson, Robert A., was born at Kanawha, 
 Va. (now AV est Virginia); received a liberal edu- 
 cation; held several local offices; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Virginia to the Thirtieth Congress 
 as a Democrat; defeated for reelection to the 
 Thirty-first Congress; moved to California, and 
 ajipiiinted State land commissioner. 
 
 Thompson, Thomas L., of Santa Rosa, Cal., 
 was born at Charleston, Va. (nowAVest Virginia), 
 May 31, 1838; educated in the common schools 
 and in a printing office; at the age of 16 moved to 
 California and engaged in the printing business; 
 for thirty-two years a printer, editor, and pub- 
 lisher; purchased the Sononia Democrat (founded 
 in 1857) in 1860, and was the editor of that paper; 
 delegate to the Democratic national convention at 
 Cincinnati in 1S80; elected secretary of state in 
 1882; served four years in that capacity and de- 
 clined a second term; elected to the Fiftieth Con- 
 gress as a Demr)crat. 
 
 Thompson, Thomas W. , was born at Boston, 
 Mass., March 15, 1766 graduated from Harvard 
 College in 1786; studied law and practiced at Salis- 
 bury, N. H., 1790-1810, when he moved to Con- 
 cord and practiced until 1819; member of the State 
 house of representatives 1813-14, and speaker; 
 elected a Representative from New Hampshire to 
 the Ninth Congress; State treasurer of New Hamp- 
 shire in 1809; appointed United States Senator 
 (vice Nicholas Oilman, deceased), serving from 
 September 19, 1814, to March 3, 1817; died at Con- 
 cord, N. H., October 1, 1821. 
 
 Thompson, Waddy, was born at Pickensville, 
 S. C, Septemlier 8, 1798; graduated from South 
 Carolina College in 1814; studied law and prac- 
 ticed; mendier of the State legislature; Presidential 
 elector on the Fkiyd ticket in 1833; elected a Repre- 
 sentative f mm Si.>uth Carolina to theT wen ty-fourth, 
 Twenty-fifth, and Twenty-sixth Congresses as a 
 Whig; minister to Mexico 1842-1844; died at Tal- 
 lahassee, Fla., November 23, 1868. 
 
 Thompson, Wiley, was a native of Amelia 
 County, Va.; moved to F.lberton, Ga.; held several 
 local offices; elected a Representative from Georgia 
 to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twen- 
 tieth, Twenty-first, and Tweut\'-second Congresses 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Thompson, William, was born in Pennsylvania 
 in 1813; receivedalimited education; movedtolowa 
 and located at Mount Pleasant; held several local 
 offices; elected a Representative from Iowa to the 
 Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the 
 Thirty-first Congress, but his seat was sui-cessfully 
 Contested by Jesse D. Brown, Whig, who was seated 
 June 29, 1850; entered the Union Army as captain 
 and successfully promoted to the rank of major 
 and colonel; brevetted brigadier-general and com- 
 
 manded a brigade of cavalry; appointed captain of 
 cavalry in the Regular Army ; died ( >ctober 7, 1897. 
 
 Thompson, William G. , of Clarion, Iowa, was 
 born in Butler County, Pa., January 17, 1830; 
 raised on a farm, receiving a common school edu- 
 cation until 19 years of age, when he attended the 
 Witherspoon Institute at Butler, Pa., for two years; 
 studied law at Butler, Pa.; admitted to the bar 
 October 15, 1853; emigrated to Iowa in the fall of 
 1853 and located at Marion; elected prosecuting 
 attorney for his own county in 1854 for two years; 
 elected to the State senate in 1856 for four years; 
 entered the service of the LTnited States as major 
 of the Twentieth Iowa Volunter Infantry in 1862; 
 elector at large in the Presidential camjiaign of 
 1864; elected district attorney for eighth judicial 
 district and served seven years; appninted chief 
 justice of Idaho January 13, 1879, and resigned 
 in April, 1879, and immediately afterwards nomi- 
 nated by the Republicans of the Fifth district to 
 fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Hon. 
 Rush Clark, and at the following October election 
 was elected; reelected to the Forty-seventh Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Thomson, Alexander, was born in Franklin 
 County, Pa., January 12, 1788; sickle maker; 
 studied law, and began practice at Chambersburg; 
 held several local offices; member of the State 
 house of representatives; elected a Repre.sentative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Eighteenth Congress, 
 vice John Todd, resigned; reelected to the Nine- 
 teenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1824, 
 to May 1, 1826, when he resigned; mayorof Lan- 
 caster; president judge of the circuit until 1838; 
 died at ChambersV)urg August 2, 1848. 
 
 Thomson, John, was born in Franklin County, 
 Pa., in 1777; received a liberal education; studied 
 medicine and moved to New Lisbon, Ohio, where 
 he practiced; served several years as a member of 
 the State house of representatives; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Ohio to the Nineteenth, Twenty- 
 first, Twenty-second, Twentj'-third, and Twenty- 
 fourth Congresses as a Democrat; died at New 
 Lisbon, Ohio, December 2, 1852. 
 
 Thomson, John R. , was born at Philadelphia, 
 Pa., September 25, 1800; educated at Princeton 
 College, but left in the junior year to engage in 
 mercantile pursuits; went to China in 1817, and 
 became a merchant at Canton in 1820; United 
 States consul at that port 1823-1825; returned 
 home, and made a director in the New Jersey 
 Canal Company; elected a LTnited States Senator 
 from New Jersey as a Democrat, and reelected, 
 serving from Decemlier 5, 1853, to September 13, 
 1862, when he died, at Princeton, N. J. 
 
 Thoring-ton, James, was born in North Caro- 
 lina in 1816; graduated from the University of 
 Alabama; studied law and moved to Davenport, 
 Iowa, where he liegan practice; held several local 
 offices; elected a Representative from Iowa to the 
 Thirty-fourth Congress as a Reiniblican; I'nited 
 States consul to Aspinwall 1871-1883; died at 
 Santa Fe, N. Mex., June 13, 1887. 
 
 Thornburg-h, Jacob M. , was born at New- 
 market, Tenn., July 3, 1837; received a liberal 
 education; studied law, and began practice at 
 Knoxville in May, 1862; entered the Union Army 
 as a private, and promoted until he became colonel 
 of the Fourth Tennessee Cavalry in June, 1863; 
 returned to Jefferson County, Tenn., and practiced 
 his profession, moved to Knoxville in 1867: ap- 
 pointed attorney-general of the third judicial 
 circuit of Tennessee, and elected in 1869 and 1870; 
 
842 
 
 CONOBESSIONAL DIKKCTOKY. 
 
 I'U'cted a Ki'pri'sentativf from TeniifWiee to the 
 rorty-thinl, Korlv-lmirth. and Ki)rty-tilth Con- 
 (lix'sso." a." 11 Repiihlican; dii'il at KiKixvillc. Tcnii., 
 St'pteniber H>, ISHO. 
 
 Thornton, Anthony, was liniii in liimrhon 
 t'i)unt\. Kv., Ni>vi'nd)i-r !•, 1S14; jiiinliiatod I'loni 
 Miami rnivi-rsitv, (thin: studied law, anil bi'^an 
 prartici' at Sliclb'yvillc. 111.; lU'le^iato to the State 
 i-onstitiitiunal cunvi-ntion 1S47 anil lS(i2; member 
 (if tlie State Icfiislatiire in ISoO; elected a Kej>re- 
 sentative from Illinois to the Thirty-ninth Con- 
 jxrept" as a Oenioerat. 
 
 Thornton, Matthew, was born in Ireland in 
 1714: eniij;rated to Aineriea when quite yountr; 
 located at Worcester, Mass.; received a lilieral 
 education; studied medicine, and practiced at Lon- 
 donderry. N. H.; colonel of a n<;iment of militia; 
 delegate to the convention which declared the 
 province of New llamiishire to be a so\erei;:n 
 State, and made its president: Delegate to the 
 Continental Con);ress 177l>-177.S: sijiner of the 
 Declaration of Independence: held several local 
 offices; judge of the su]irem(> court of New llamji- 
 shire 17.H0-1 7S2; State re|iresentative in 17s:i, ami a 
 State senator in 17S4; died at Newburvport, Mass., 
 ,Tune 24, 18(«. 
 
 Thorp, Bobert T., of .Mecklenburi; County, 
 Va., was I lorn in ( i ran ville County. N. C. March 12, 
 IS.id; ])repared fori'oUegeat the Horner .\cadeniy, 
 Oxford. N. ('.: took the collegiate and law I'nuivc 
 at the University of Virginia, graduating w ith the 
 degree of H. 1.. in 1870, lieiiig awarded at the same 
 time the debater's medal of the .Jefferson Society: 
 began the ]iractice of law at Hoydtnn, the county 
 seat of ilecklenburg, in 1S71; appointed by the 
 court Commonwealth attorney fur that county in 
 1877 to fill an unexpired term; elected to the. same 
 jiosition fnr four successive terms, thus iilling that 
 ollice for eightci'ii years; nominated for Congress 
 by the Republican |iarty by acclamatinn in KSIM; 
 the certificate of election was awarded to his Jlemo- 
 cratie com]>etitor, W. R. Midvenney, whose right 
 to a seat in the Fifty-fourth Congress was contested 
 by Mr. Thorj). and was seated liv the House; 
 again the nominee of the Ri'iiublican jiarty in 
 18!)(> for the Fifty-fifth Congress: again denied the 
 certificate and again contested the election and 
 •leclared by resolution of the House to have been 
 elected a member of the Fiftv-fifth Congress, and 
 took his .seat March 23, 1898.' 
 
 Throckmorton, James W. , was born at Sparta, 
 Tenn.. IVbruary 1, l.M'-'i; emigrated to Texas in 
 1841: lawyer; ele<ted to the State legislature (if 
 Texas in 1S.")1. and served continuously as rejire- 
 sentative and .senator until l.sill; memlier of the 
 secession convention of Texas: served as captain 
 and major in the Confederate service from the 
 spring of 18til until Novendier, l.**!!:!, when again 
 returned tothe senate; ajipointed liy the governor 
 brigadier-general of State troo|>s in 18(i4, and cotu- 
 inander on the northwest border of the ."^tate; 
 •lelegate to the constitutional convention under 
 I'resident .lohnson's indclamation. and chosen the 
 |>residing ollicer of that body; eli'cted governor (if 
 the State of Texas for a term of fuur years; inaugu- 
 rated August 8, I.S(i(),and removed bv order of (ien- 
 eral Sheridan .Vugust 9, l.Hti7; elected a Hei)resenta- 
 tive to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth ( 'nngri'sses, 
 and elected to the Forty-eighth and reelected to 
 the Fortv-ninfh Congresses as a Democrat; died at 
 McKinniy, Tex., April 21, 18it4. 
 
 Throop, Enos T., was born at .lohnstnwn, 
 N, Y., August 21, 1784; receiveil a classical educa- 
 
 tion; studied law. and l>eg!in practice at Auliurii, 
 X. Y.; held several local offices; elected a Re|>re- 
 
 ! sentative from New York to the Fourteenth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat: resigned in .lune, l8lt>; ap- 
 
 i pointed a circuit judge April 21, 1823; elected 
 lieutenant-governor (if New York in 1828, and lie- 
 came governor of New York when Martin Van 
 Bureii was made .Secretary (jf State <if the Cnited 
 States, March 12, ln21l: elected governor of New 
 York l,s:«)-1832; minister to Naples 1.S.38-1,S42; 
 died near Auburn, N. Y., November 1, 1874. 
 
 Thropp, Joseph Earlston, of Everett, I'a., 
 was Imni at Valley Forge, Chester County, I'a. ; 
 educated in the public schools, and graduated a,s 
 a civil engineer trom the Polytechnic College of 
 the .state of Pennsylvania in I.Sti8; engaged in 
 his profe.s.sion in Minnesota, reaching the rank of 
 division engineer within sixteen months; entered 
 1 tlie iron liusiness in 1870; nominated and elected 
 a Representative from I'cnnsylvania to the Fifty- 
 sixth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Thruston, Buckner, was l)orn in Virginia in 
 1763; received a liberal education; moved to Ken- 
 tucky; studied law, and began practice at Frank- 
 f(jrt: declineil the appointment (if United States 
 judge of tli(> court of the Territory fif Orleans; 
 elected a United States Senator from Kentucky as 
 a Democrat, serving from Decendjer 2, I8lV), to 
 .July 1, 180SI, when he resigned; judge of the 
 United States circuit court for the District of Co- 
 lumbia: died at Washington. D.C., August .30, 184.5. 
 
 Thurman, Allen G. , was bom at Lynchburg, 
 Va., November 13. Isl3: moved to Ohio in 18111; 
 received an academic education; studied law; ad- 
 \ initted to the liar in 18.3.5; Representative from 
 Ohio to the Twenty-ninth Congress; elected a 
 judge of the supreme court of Ohio in 18.51; chief 
 justice of that court I.s.54-I.s.5(): Democratic candi- 
 date for giiveruiirof Ohio in 18(>7; elected tothe 
 United States Senate as a Democrat: took his .seat 
 March 4, 18li!t; reelected in 1874; memlier of the 
 electoral commission of 187t); misucce.ssful Demo- 
 cratic candidate for Vice-President of the United 
 States in 1888; died at Columbus, Ohio, Deccudjer 
 12, I.-^IW. 
 
 Thurman, John R. , was a native of New York 
 ; City; graduated from Columbia College in 18.35; 
 
 move<i to Warren County, N. Y.; held several 
 i local offices; elected a Representative from New 
 I Y'ork to the Thirty-first Congre.ss as a Whig; ilied 
 
 at Chestertown, N. Y.. in 1854. 
 
 Thurston, Benjamin B., was born at Hopkin- 
 ton, R. I., .lune 2!i, 1804; attended the public 
 I scIkjoIs; merchant: served fourtivn years as a 
 j mend)er of the State house of representatives; 
 Presidential elector on the Van Huren ticket in 
 1837; lieutenant-governor in 1838; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Rhode Island to the Thirtieth 
 Congress jis a Democrat; defeated for reelection; 
 electeil to the Thirty-second, Thirty-third, and 
 Thirty-fourth Congresses; after leaving Congress 
 moveil to New I.ondiin. Conn. 
 
 Thurston, John Mellen, of Omaha, Xebr., 
 was iMirn at Moulpelier, Vt., August 21, 1847; 
 his parents moved to Wiscon.sin in 18.54; edu- 
 cateil in the public .schools and at Wayland 
 University. Beaver Dam. Wis., supporting him- 
 self bv farm work, driving ti'ams. and cither man- 
 ual labor; admitted to the bar May 21. isilli. and 
 in October of the .same year located in Omaha; 
 elected a niemln'r of the city coimcil in 1872, 
 city attorney of ( hnaha in l."<74, and a memlier of 
 the Nel>raska legislature in 1875; member of the 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 843 
 
 Republican national' convention in 1884 and tem- 
 porary chairman of the Republican national con- 
 vention in 1888; president of the ReiJublican 
 League of the United States 1889-1891; assistant 
 attorney oi the ITnion Pacific Railway Comiiany 
 in 1877. and in February, 1888, appointed gen- 
 eral solicitor of the T'nion Pacific system, and 
 held that position at the time of his election to 
 the Senate; Republican caucus nominee for United 
 States Senator in the Nebraska legislature in Jan- 
 uary, 1893, and received the entire party vote, 
 lacking 5 votes of election; January 1, 189Ji, was 
 tendered in writing the unanimous vote of the 
 entire Republican membership in tlie legislature, 
 and elected January 15, 1895, for the term com- 
 mencing 3Iarch 4, 1895, serving until JNIarch 3, 
 1901; appointed United States commissioner to the 
 St. Louis Exposition IMarch 6, 1901. 
 
 Thurston, Samuel K. , was a native of Maine; 
 graduated from Bowdoin College in 1843; studied 
 law, and began practice at Linn City, Oreg. ; elected 
 a Delegate from Oregon Territory to the Thirty- 
 lirst Congress as a Democrat; died April 9, 1851. 
 
 Tibbatts, John W., was born at Lexington, Ky. , 
 in 1802; received a classical education; stu<lied law 
 and began practice at Newport, Ky.; held several 
 local offices; elected a Representative from Ken- 
 tucky to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth 
 Congresses as a Deiiocrat; served in the Mexican 
 waras colonel; died at Newjjort, Ky., July 5, 1852. 
 
 Tibbitts, George, was born atAVarwick, R. I., 
 January 14, 1763; received a classical education; 
 studied" law and practiced; member of the State 
 legislature; electe<l a Representative from New 
 York to the Eighth Congress; again elected to the 
 State house of representatives in 1820; died at 
 Troy, N. Y., July 19, 1849. 
 
 Tichenor, Isaac, was born at Newark, N. J., 
 February 8, 1754; graduated from Princeton Col- 
 lege in 1775; studied law, ami appointed assistant 
 conmrissary-general ami stationed at Bennington, 
 Yt., where he was admitted to the liar; began 
 practice; member of the State house of rejiresenta- 
 tives 17S1-1784; State councilor 1787-1792; mem- 
 ber of the council of censors in 1792; judge of the 
 State supreme court 1791-1794, and its chief justice 
 1795-96; elected a United States Senator (vice 
 JMoses Robinson, resigned) as a Federalist, serv- 
 ing from 1796 to 1797. when he resigned; governor 
 of A'ermont 1797-1807 and 1808-1809; again 
 elected a Senator, serving from December 4, 1815, 
 to ;March 3, 1821; died "at Bennington, Yt., De- 
 cember 11, 1838. 
 
 Tiffin, Edward, was born at Carlisle, England, 
 June 19, 1766; came to the United States in 1786 
 and located at Charlestown, Ya. ; graduated from 
 the meilical department of the University of Penn- 
 sylvama in 1789; moved to Chillicothe, Ohio, in 
 1798; member of the Territorial house of repre- 
 sentatives in 1799, and its speaker; delegate to the 
 State constitutional convention in 1802; elected 
 first governor of the State in 1803, and reelected 
 two years later; elected a United States Senator 
 from (thio as a Democrat, serving from Octolier 
 26, 1807, to 1809, when he resigned; Commissioner 
 of the tieneral Land Office 1812-1814; resigned to 
 beciime surveyor-general of the Northwest Terri- 
 torv, which position he held until 1S28; died at 
 Chillicothe, Ohio, August 9, 1829. 
 
 Tift, Nelson, of Albany, Ga., was elected a 
 Reiiresentative from that State to tlie Fortieth 
 Congress as a Rei^ublican. 
 
 Tilden, Daniel R. , was a native of Connecticut; 
 attended the public schools; moved to Ravenna, 
 Ohio; held several local offices; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Ohio to the Twenty-eighth and 
 Twenty-ninth Congresses as a Whig. 
 
 Tilg-hman, Matthew, was born in Queen Anne 
 t'ounty, Md., February 17, 1718; Delegate from 
 Maryland to the Continental Congress 1774-1777; 
 died in Queen Anne County, Md., May 4, 1790. 
 
 Tillinghast, Joseph L., was bom at Taunton, 
 Mass., in 1790; removed to Rhode Island and re- 
 ceived a classical education; graduated in 1819 from 
 Brown University; studied law and began practice 
 at Providence, R. I.; served several years as a 
 member of the State house of representatives and 
 wasspeakerseveral terms; elected a Representative 
 from Rhode Island to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty- 
 sixth, and Twenty-seventh t'ongresses; died at 
 Providence, R. I., December 30, 1844. 
 
 Tillinghast, Thomas, was born at East Green- 
 wich, R. I., August 21, 1742; received a liberal 
 education; member of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives 1772-73; held several offices under 
 Revolutionary authorities; again a State represent- 
 ative 1778-1780; judge of the court of common 
 pleas in 1779; associate ju.stice of the State supreme 
 court 1780-1797; elected a Representati\-e from 
 Rhode Island to the Fifth Congress, vice E. R. 
 Potter, resigned; elected to the Seventh Congress; 
 died at East Greenwich, R. I., August 26, 1821. 
 
 Tillman, Benjamin Ryan, of Trenton, S. C, 
 was born in Edgefield County, S. C, August 11, 
 1847; received an academic education under the 
 instruction of George Golphin at Bethany, in the 
 same count}*; quit school in July, 1864, to join the 
 Confederate army, but was stricken with a severe 
 illness, which caused the loss of his left eye and 
 kept him an invalid for two years; followed farm- 
 ing as a pursuit; elected governor in November, 
 1890, and reelected in 1892; entered the race for 
 the Senate against General Butler, in 1894 and the 
 two canvassed the State, county by county, with 
 the result that Tillman was elected as a Democrat 
 by the general assemlily liy a vote of 131 to 21 for 
 Butler; reelected in 1901 ; term will exjiire in 1907. 
 
 Tillman, George D. , was born near Currvton, 
 Edgefield County, S. C, August 21, 1826; "after 
 receiving an academic education at Penfield, Ga., 
 and at Greenwood, S. C, he entered Harvard Uni- 
 versity, Init did not graduate; studied law, and 
 admitted to the bar in 1848; practiced at Edge- 
 field until the civil war liroke out; volunteered in 
 tlie Third Regiment of South Carolina State troops 
 in 18ti2, and shortly after its disbandment entered 
 the Second Regiment of South Carolina Artillery, 
 in which he served as a private until the close of 
 the war; elected to the State house of representa- 
 tives of South Carolina in 1854-55, an<l again in 
 1864; chosen a member of the State constitutional 
 convention in 1865, held under the reconstruction 
 proclamation of President Johnson; elected State 
 senator from Edgefield County in 1865, under that 
 constitution; likewise a mendierof the Democratic 
 State executive committee of South Carolina in 
 1876; Democratic candidate in the Fifth district of 
 South Carolina for the Forty-fifth Congress, and 
 unsuccessfully contested the seat of his competitor, 
 Rol)ert Smalls, in that Congress; elected to the 
 Forty-sixth Congress as a Democrat; received a 
 certificate of election to the Forty-seventh Con- 
 gress, but his seat was successfully contested by 
 Robert Smalls; reelected to the Forty-eighth, 
 
844 
 
 OONGKESSIONAL DIRKCTKRY. 
 
 Forty-ninth, Fiftioth, Fifty-lirst, ami Fifty-st'cniid 
 C'l ingresf »-s ; ilii-il Ki'linmiy 2, HK\'2. 
 
 Tillman. Lewis, wiu- liorn in Bedfunl County, 
 Tcim., Aiifiust IS, isiii; receivi-il ii liiniteil cdiica- 
 tion: fiirmi'i'; scrvrd in the Scininiili' wav iiH ii 
 lirivali':clfik of tliccinuit louit lS.')L'-l.StH); cli'itcd 
 a Kcpresfnlative I'mni Tcinietfsee to the Forty-lii^t 
 Confrress as a Republican. 
 
 Tilton, James, was Imrn in Kunt County, 
 I'd.. ,)unt' I. 174'>: ri'ivivi-d a lilnTal t'dui'alion; 
 j;raduati.Ml Ironi tlir riiilailclpliia .Medical Schord 
 in 1771: lic^an the |iiaetiie of his |irol'es.-iion at 
 I'over, l>el.; cuteied the Revolutionary .Vrniy as 
 surgeon of a rejii"i»'nt, anil in 1777 was ooniniis- 
 sioned Sur);eon-<ieneral; aft«'r peaeu was declared 
 he returned tuDoverwherehe resumed the practice 
 of his profession; Delejiale from Delaware to the 
 Continental Cong-ess 17S:i-17.H.T; served several 
 years as a memlier of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives: Surgeon-t ieneral of the 1'. S. Army 
 l.si.S-lSl.'S; died near Wilmington, Del., Mav 
 14, 1X22. 
 
 Tipton, John, was born in Sevier County, 
 Tenn., .\ugust U. 17St); moved to Indiana where 
 he bought a small farm, paying for it by sjilitting 
 rails; served with the " Vellow .lackcts" in the 
 Tippecan<ie campaign; sheriff of Harrison County, 
 Ind., in ISI.t; served in the State house of repre- 
 sentatives in 1S21; elected a United States Senator 
 from Indiana, vice .Tames .Noble, decea.«ed: again 
 elected for a full term and served from .lanuarv .'>. 
 18;?2, until he died .\pril h, 18;i9, at Logansport. 
 Ind. 
 
 Tipton, Thomas F., was l)orn in Franklin 
 County, Ohio, .August 29, 18;iS; moved to McLean 
 County, 111., in 18-13; studied law and began 
 practice; State attorney for the eighth judicial 
 district of Illinois 18()7-(iS: elected <-ircuit judge 
 of the eighth judicial circuit in 1S70 and on the 
 reorganization elected circuit judge of the four- 
 teenth juilicial circuit; elected a Representative 
 from Illinois to the Forty-lifth Congress as a 
 Repul)lican. 
 
 Tipton, Thomas W., was born at Cadiz. Ohio, 
 August ■"!, 1S17; received a cla.-'sical education; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar; serveil in the 
 State legislature one year; went to Nebraska and 
 elected to a constitutional convention of Xebriu-ika; 
 mendier of the Territorial council of Nebraska in 
 18U0; stuilied theology; cha|>laiii in the I'nion 
 Army; elected a I'nited States Senator from Ne- 
 braska and reelected, serving from 18t)7 to 1875; 
 died in \S'M. 
 
 Tirrell, Charles ftuincy, of Natick. ^lass., 
 was born at Sharon, Mass., l)ecend)er U). 184-}; 
 graduated fmm Dartmouth College in bSUli; a<l- 
 niitted to the bar in 1870 at Boston; electeil to the 
 general court of .Ma.-'.-iachuselts from Weymouth 
 in IK72 and to the Ma.s.-'achusctt.s senate from the 
 fourth Midillesex district for two terms, in 18.HI 
 and 18H2; Presidential elector in 18,><8; elected to 
 till' Kiftv-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congre.«ses as 
 a Republican. 
 
 Titus, Obadiah, of Wa.-'hington, N. Y., was 
 electe'l a Rejiresentative from New York to the 
 Twenty-lifth Congre.-'s as a Democrat. 
 
 Todd, Albert M., of Kalamazoo., Mich., wius 
 iKirn at the family farm home near Nottawa, St. 
 Joseph Comity. .Mich., .lunelt, 18.'i0; his earlv life 
 wa." spent on the farm, where he atteiidol the 
 district school until about l-"> years of age, after 
 
 wliiili ln> attended the .><turgis High School, lioui 
 whiih he graduated; studied some time at the 
 Northwestern I'niversity; elected to the Fifty- 
 lifth Congre.--'s by a union of the Democratic, Union 
 Silver, People's, ami National parties. 
 
 Todd, John, was born at Hartford, Conn., in 
 177!': reieived a common s<-hool eihication; helil 
 several local ollices; elected a Represeiitalive from 
 IVnnsylvania to the Seventeenth and Kighteeiith 
 Congresses; presiilent-judge of the court of com- 
 mon pleas for the sixteenth judicial district; asso- 
 ciate jiiilge of the State supreme court: ilied at 
 IJe<lford. I'a., .\pril 4, l.S.'iO. 
 
 Todd, John B. S., wiu* born at l.exington, Ky., 
 .\liril 4, IM4; moved with his jiarenls to Illinois 
 in 1827: graduated from West Point in 18:!7; sec- 
 ond lieutenant in the Sixth Infantry .Tuly 1, 1837; 
 first lieutenant December 10, 1837, ainl captain 
 November 8, 1,S43; resigiuil and became an Imlian 
 trailer; settled in Dakota Territory : Delegatefrom 
 Dakota Territory to the Thirty-.ievcntli Congress; 
 candidate for reelection to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
 gress, and after a su<-ce.ssful contest with William 
 .layne, who had receiveil the certificate of election, 
 took his seat, serving from .July 4, 18til, to March 
 3, 1.HH2; appointed brigadier-general in the Union 
 .\rmy in l,sti2: again a Delegate in l.Ht)3-»j.T died at 
 Yankton. Dakota Territory. .Tamiary •^. 1872. 
 
 Todd, Lemuel, was born .Inly 29, isl7. at Car- 
 lisle, I'a; received a classical education and gradu- 
 ated from Dickin.-'oii College; studied law and ad- 
 mitted to the bar in 1.841; electeila Representative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-fourth Congress; 
 defeated as the Union candidate for reelection; 
 served in the Union .\rniy; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Pennsvlvania to the Fortv-third Con- 
 gress; died at Carlisle. Pa.. May 12. l's91. 
 
 Toland, George W., was a native of Philadel- 
 phia, Pa.; graduated from Princeton College in 
 181ti; held several local offices; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Pennsylvania to the Twenty-lifth, 
 Twciitv-sixth, and Twentv-seventh Congres.»«s as 
 a Whig. 
 
 Tomkins, Caleb, was born in Westchester 
 County, N. Y. ; State representative 1,'<04-1806; 
 elected a Representative from .New York to the 
 Kifteeulh and Sixteenth Congresses. 
 
 Tomkins, Christopher, of tilasgow, Ky., i-e- 
 ceived a liberal education: studied law ami prac- 
 ticed; elected a Reiireseiitative from Kentucky to 
 the Twenty-second and Twenty-third Congresses; 
 died at (;ia.«gow, Ky., in 184.5. 
 
 Tomkins, Cydnor B., was born in Belmont 
 County, Ohio. November 8. ISIO; •;raduateil from 
 the Ohio Univei->ity: studied law. and liegan jirac- 
 tice at McConnellsville; elected a Representative 
 from Ohio to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth 
 Congres.>ies as a Republican. 
 
 Tomlinson. Gideon, wits l>orn at Stratford, 
 Conn., DecemlH'r 31, 1780; graduated from Yale 
 College in 1,S02; studied law. and began (iractice 
 at Fairlield; elected a Representative fioni Con- 
 nectii'Ut to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Fight- 
 eenlh, and Nineteenth Ci ingre.s.-H's ; governor of 
 (.'onnecticut 1827-1831, when he resigniil to lie- 
 coine a United States Senator from Conne»'ticut, 
 serving from 1S31 to 1.837; died at Fairlield, Conn., 
 October S. 1S')4. 
 
 Tomlinson, Thomas A., was a native of New 
 York; received a liniiteil etlucation; server! as a 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 845 
 
 member of the State house of representiitives 
 1835-36; elected a Representative from New York 
 to the Twenty-seventli Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Tompkins, Arthur Sidney, of Nyack, N. Y., 
 T\-as lioru August 2H, 1865, in Schoharie County, 
 N. Y.; attended tlie pubHc schools of Clarkstown 
 and Nyack until 1.S78; studieil law at Nyack and 
 Tarry town : athnitted to the l.i:ii- as an attorney and 
 counselor at law of the State of >'ew York in 1886; 
 elected police justice of the village of Xyack in 
 1887, and served until 1889; elected member of 
 assembly of Rockland County, and served in the 
 the assembly of 1890; elected county judge of 
 Rockland County in 1893, which office he held 
 until his election to the Fifty-sixth and Fifty- 
 se\enth Congresses ;is a Republican. 
 
 Tompkins, Daniel D. , was born at Scarsdale, 
 N. Y.. June -1. 1774; graduated from Ciilumlna 
 College in 1795; studied law, and in 1797 began 
 practice in New York; delegate to the State consti- 
 tutional convention in 1801; member of the State 
 house of representatives in 1803; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from >'ew York to the Xinth Congress 
 as a Democrat, but resigned before taking his seat, 
 having been appointed a judge of the State supreme 
 court 1804-1807; elected Vice-President on the 
 Monroe ticket in 1817, and again in 1821; delegate 
 to the State constitutional convention 1821, and 
 its president; died on Staten Island, New York, 
 June 11, 1825. 
 
 Tompkins, Emmett, of Columbus, Ohio, was 
 born at McCi)iinelsville, ^Morgan County, Ohio, 
 September 1, 1853; moved to Athens County; 
 educated in the public schools and at the Ohio 
 UniveMity; studied law; admitted to the bar in 
 1875; elected city solicitor and mayor of Athens; 
 twice elected prosecuting attorney of, and twice 
 elected member of the legislature from Athens 
 County; moved to Columbus in 1889; elected to 
 the Fifty-seventh C<ingress as a Republican. 
 
 Tompkins, Patrick W. , was a native of Ken- 
 tucky: received a limited education; studied law, 
 and began practice at \"icksburg, iliss. ; elected a 
 Representative from ^Mississippi to the Thirtieth 
 Congress as a Whig; moved to California; died 
 at San Francisci>, ilay 16, 1853. 
 
 Tongue, Thomas H. , was born in Lincolnshire, 
 
 England, June 23, 1844; moved with his parents to 
 Washington County, Oreg., November 23, 1859; 
 educated at Pacific t'niversity, Forestgrove, Wash- 
 ington County, Oreg., and graduated in June, 1868; 
 moved to Hillsboro in that year and began the 
 study of law; adnjitted to the bar in September, 
 1870, and engageii in the ]iractice of his profession; 
 permanent chairman of the State Repulilican con- 
 vention in 1890; in February, 1892, elected presi- 
 dent of the State organization of Republican clubs 
 and served for a term of two years; delegate to the 
 national Republican convention at ^linneapolis in 
 1892, and the Oregon vice-president of that con- 
 vention; again the permanent chairman of the 
 State Republican convention in 1894; member of 
 State central committee; chairman of the Con- 
 gressional committee of the First Congressional 
 district of Oregon from the time of its organization 
 until 1896; elected to the Fifty-tifth Congress as a 
 Republican on the first Monday in June, 1896; 
 reelected to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and 
 Fiftv-eighth Congresses; died at Washington, 
 D. C., January 11, 1903. 
 
 Toole, Joseph Kemp, nf Helena, Mont., wa-s 
 born at Savannah. Mo.. May 12, 1851; received his 
 
 education in the puljlic schools at St. Joseph, Mo., 
 and at the Western Military Academy at Newcas- 
 tle, Ky.; studied law; adnutted to "the bar and 
 practiced; elected district attorney of the third 
 judicial district in Montana in 1S72; reelected in 
 1874 without opposition; elected in 1881 to the 
 twelfth legislative assembly of Montana as a mem- 
 ber of the council from Lewis and Clarke County; 
 chosen president of the council; elected a member 
 of the constitutional convention which met in 
 Helena in Jiuiuary, 1884; elected to the Forty- 
 ninth and Fiftieth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Toombs, Robert, was born in Wilkes County, 
 Oa., July 2, 1810; graduated from Union College, 
 New York; studied law, and began practicing at 
 Washington, Ga., in 1828; held several local of- 
 fices; elected a Representative from Georgia to the 
 Twentv-ninth Congress as a State Rights \\'hig; 
 reelected to the Thirtieth, Thirty-first, and Thirty- 
 second Congresses; elected a I'nited States Sena- 
 tor from Georgia as a State Rights Democrat and 
 reelected, serving from ilarch 4, 1853, to ilarch 
 3, 1861, when he was expelled; served in the 
 Provisional Congress and Secretary of State of the 
 Confederate States; served in the Confederate 
 army; after the war he escajied arrest and went 
 to Europe; while in England admitted to the bar; 
 practiced law; returned to his home in Georgia in 
 1867, l)ut refused to take the oath of allegiance to 
 the United States; for the remainder of his life de- 
 barred from all rights ancl privileges of citizenship; 
 died at Washington, Ga., December 15, 1885. 
 
 Toucey, Isaac, was born at Newtown, Conn., 
 November 5, 1796; received a classical education ; 
 stutlied law, and in 1818 began practice at Hart- 
 ford; State attorney for Hartford County 1822- 
 1825; elected a Representative from Connecticut 
 to the Twenty-fourth and Twent_\--fifth Congre.sses 
 as a Democrat; defeated as the Democratic candi- 
 date for reelection; again attorney for Hartford 
 County 1842-1844; defeated as the Democratic 
 candidate for governor of Connecticut in 1845, 
 and again in 1846; elected to the legislature; again 
 defeated for governor in 1847; Attoruev-General 
 of the I'nited States 1848-49; State senator in 
 1850 and a member of the house of representativea 
 in 1852; elected a United States Senator from 
 Connecticut as a Democrat, serving from May 14, 
 1852, to March 3, 1857; Secretary of the Navy un- 
 der President Buchanan 1857-1861; died at Hart- 
 ford, Conn., July 30, 1869. 
 
 Towne, Charles A., of Duluth, Minn., was 
 liorn Novemlier 21, 1858, in Oakland County, 
 ilich.; educated in common schools and the Uni- 
 versity of Michigan; admitted to the bar in 1886; 
 moved to Duluth in 1890; elected to the Fifty-fourth 
 Congressasa Republican; appointedaUnited States 
 Senator froui Minnesota to fill vacancy caused by 
 death of C. K. Davis, serving from December 10, 
 1900, to January 28, 1901. 
 
 Towns, George W. B. , was born in Wilkes 
 County, Ga., ilay 4, 1801; received a limited edu- 
 cation; studied law, and in 1824 began ]iractice in 
 Alabama; returned to Talbotton, Ga., in 1826; 
 served several years as a member of the State 
 house of representatives; elected a Representative 
 from Oieorgia to the Twenty-fourth Congre.^s as a 
 I'nion Democrat, serving from December 7, 1835, 
 to September 1. 1836, when he resigned; elected 
 to the Twenty-fifth Congress; elected to the 
 I Twenty-ninth Congress (vice \\'ashington Poe, re- 
 i signed") as a Democrat; governor of Georgia 1847- 
 ' 1851; died at Macon, Ga., July 15, 1854. 
 
84li 
 
 CONtiKKriSIONAL DIKKCTOKV, 
 
 Townsend, Amos, wjli iMirn in Fiiyctto County, 
 I'a., ill ls:!l; iiinviil ;it an i-arly aiif tn dliioaml 
 l)ciaiin-a citi/.i-iKilt'lfvi'laiiil; lurteii ycarsa iikmu- 
 ln'i-of tlifcity cnuncil, sciviiij; wven of those years 
 !i.-'itsi)ic.«i(U'nt; iiiemlHTof tlicStatt'consititiitional 
 ronvi'Mlioii in 1S7,'{; elcoteil totlii- Korty-fittli Con- 
 jin-.S!'; recli'ctiHl to the Korty-.-'ixth ami Forty- 
 «'\ontli Connrossc-i as a Kepiiblicjin ; clietl at St. 
 Aiij.'iistine, Fla., March 17, 1895. 
 
 Townsend, Charles Champlin, of New 15ri(;li- 
 ton, I'a., was iM.ni at .VlUvluiiy t'ity, I'a., Noveiii- 
 licrl't, 1S41; nri'iveil a coiiMiioii sihuol (.■ihicalioii; 
 nianufai-tiirer of wire rivct.s and wire nails; served 
 twii years in the Army iluriiijr tlie rcliellion as a 
 private in ('i)ni]pany A, Ninth Ki'^rinient Pennsyl- 
 vania Reserve Volnnteer ('ori>s, and aftiTwards lus 
 ailjiitant of tlie First I'lMinsylvania Cavalry; elected 
 to the Fifty-lirst Congress a,s a Uei)ul)lican. 
 
 Townsend, Dwight, was born at New York 
 City in lS2(i; received an academic education; mer- 
 chant; elected a Kepresi'Utative from .New York to 
 the Thirty-eiKhtli Oinf,'ress (vice Henry (i. Sleh- 
 bins, resigned), .servins; from I>ecend)er ."i, l,H(i4, to 
 March 3, 18l).">; elected to the Forty-second Con- 
 •rrc-^s as a Democrat: died in 1HH9. 
 
 Townsend, George, was a native of Queens 
 t'linnty, N. Y.; resi<led at Oyster Hay; elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Fourteenth 
 and Fifteenth Conjinv.ses as a Democrat. 
 
 Townsend, Hosea, of Silver Cliff, Colo., was 
 born at » Ireenwich, Huron County, Ohio, June 16, 
 lS4t); after prei)aration entered Western Reserve 
 College, Ohio, in 1,S()0; left school to enter the 
 Army, and eidisted in the Second Oliio Cavalry in 
 1861; promoted to lieutenant, and resigned in 1863 
 on account of disaliility; ailmitted to the bar at 
 Clevelanil, Ohio, and I'ommenceil the ]iractice of 
 law at ^Memphis, Tenn., in lS(i.T; elected to the 
 legislature of that State in ls6i» as a Republican 
 and served one term; moved to Colorado in 1879, 
 and elected to the Fifty-iirst and Fifty-second Con- 
 gres-ses as a Republican. 
 
 Townsend, James, was a native of tjui-ens 
 Countv, N. Y.; received a liberal education; held 
 several local ollices; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Second Congress, but died at 
 Ovster Hay before taking his seat, in May, 1791. 
 
 Townsend, Martin I., was born at Hancock, 
 Ma.-Js., Feliruary 6, ISU); grailuated from Williams 
 College, Massachusetts, in l,s:{.S; moved to Troy, 
 N. Y.; studied law, and in 1836 was admitteil to the 
 bar; district attorney for Rensselaer County 1.842- 
 1,H4.t; member of the constitutional conventiim 
 1867-68; elei-ted a Representative from New York 
 to the Fortv-fourth and Forty-lifth Congresses as 
 a Republican; died March 8, 1903. 
 
 Townsend, Washingrton, was born at West- 
 chester, I'a., in 1813; received a liberal education; 
 teller in a bank; stu(lie<l law, and in 1844 began 
 practice; dejinty attorney uniler.\ttorneys-(ieneral 
 Darragh and Cooper; cashierof the Hank of Ches- 
 ter bS49-l.><.57, when he resigne<l to resume imic- 
 tiieof law; delegate to the national Whig conven- 
 tion at Haiti rein 1.8."i2anil the Chicago national 
 
 Republican convention in 1860; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Pennsylvania to the Fortv-first, 
 Forty-second, Forty-tliird, and Forty-fourth Con- 
 pres.-"esa.s a Republican; died at Westchester, Pa.. 
 March 18, l.sK.i. 
 
 Townshend, Norton S., was bom in England 
 
 Deiemlier L'.i, 181."); came to the Uniteil States and 
 located at Avon, Ohio; received a liberal educa- 
 
 tion; electeil a Representative from Ohio to the 
 Thirtv -second Congress as a Democrat; died in 
 
 1.89.").' 
 
 Townshend, Richard W. , was born in Prince 
 (ieopge County, .M.I., April 30, 1,840; went to 
 Washington City when 10 years of age, and was 
 there educaled in public ami private schools; 
 move<l to Illinois in ls."i8; taught sihoul in Fayette 
 County; stmlieil law at Mi-Leansboro; admitted to 
 the bar in 1862; clerk of the circuit court of Ham- 
 ilton County 186.3-1.81)8; ]irosecuting attorney for 
 the twelfth judicial circuit 1868-1872; moved in 
 1873 from Mcl.,<'ansl)oro to Shawneetown; mem- 
 ber of the Democratic State central connnittee of 
 Illinois l.Sii4-(j.i, 1874-7.i; delegate to the Dem.)- 
 cratic national convention at Baltimore in 1872; 
 elected to the Forty-lifth, Forty-sixth, Forty- 
 seventh, Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth 
 Congresses as a Democrat; died March 9, 1889. 
 
 Tracewell, Robert J., nf Corydon. Ind.. was 
 born in Warren C<iunty, Va., May 7, l.s.'>2, and 
 moved with his parents to Harrison County, Ind., 
 in 18.')4; received a collegiate education, graduat- 
 ing from Hanover College, Indiana, in 1874; en- 
 tered his father's law otiice at Corydon; elected 
 to the Fifty-fourth Congre.«s as a Republican; re- 
 nominateil for Congress but defeated; appointeil 
 Conii)troller of the Treasury bv President ^IcKin- 
 ley in 1897. 
 
 Tracey, Charles, of Albany, N. Y., was born 
 in the city of Albany May 27, 1847; received his 
 education at the Albany Academy, from which 
 he graduated in 1866; served in the Pajial Z(juaves 
 at Rome, Italy, portions of the years 1S()7-1870; 
 appointeil aid-de-camji to Governor Tilden, of 
 New York, .hinuary 1, 1877; a]>|iointeil manager 
 of the House uf Refuge at Hudson, N. Y., by Gov- 
 ernor Cleveland, and reappointed to the same 
 ollice by Governor Hill in 1886; elected to the 
 Fiftieth Congress as a Democrat to till the vacancy 
 caused by the death of Hon. Nicholas T. Kane; 
 took his seat December .5, 1887; reelected to the 
 Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Con- 
 gresses. 
 
 Tracey, John P., of Springfield, Mo,, was born 
 in Wayne County, Ohio, September IS, 1836; 
 raised on a farm and edueate<i in the pul)lic schools 
 of Ohio and Indiana; commenced reading law at 
 18 and teaching school at lit; moved to Missouri 
 at 22; enli.stcd as a i)rivate in the Union Army 
 March I, 1862; mustered out with the rank of first 
 lieutenant March 10, 18t).i; connnis.sioned lieuten- 
 ant-colonel of ICnrolled Militia in April, 1.8t).i; ad- 
 mitted to the bar in May; settU'd in Stockton and 
 engaged in the practice of law; moved to .^Spring- 
 field in 1874 and engaged in journalism as the e<l- 
 itor of a Repubiiian newspaper; on the Cinmt 
 electoral ticket in I8()8; Republican candidate for 
 railroad commissioner in 1878; conunissioned 
 United States marshal for the western district of 
 Mis.-ouri February 4. 18H0, and si'rved until March 
 4, 1894; elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a 
 Republican; after leaving Congress he Ijecame en- 
 gagtnl in newspaper work at Springfield, Mo. 
 
 Tracy, Albert H. , was born at Norwich, Conn., 
 ,Tunel7, 1793; received a classical education; stud- 
 ied medicine; nioveil to New York State in 1811; 
 studied law and in 181.') admitted to the bar; In'gJin 
 practice at Buffalo; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Sixteenth, .Seventeenth, and 
 Kighteenth Congres-ses as a Democrat; declined a 
 Cabinet position under President John l^. .\danis; 
 State senator 1830-1837; defeated as a Whig can- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 847 
 
 didate for United States Senator in 1S39; tendered 
 a seat in tlie Caliinet by President Tyler, l:)ut de- 
 clined; died at Buffalo, X. Y., September 12, 1859. 
 
 Tracy, Andrew, was a native oi Vermont; re- 
 ceived a classical education; studied law and Ijegan 
 jiractice at Woodstock, \t.; served several years 
 in both branches of the legislature; electe<l a Kep- 
 resentative from Vermont to the Thirty-third Con- 
 gress as a A\'hig; died at Woodstock, October 28, 
 18U8. 
 
 Tracy, Henry W. , was horn in Luzerne County, 
 Pa., Sejitember 24, 1807; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; farmer and merchant; delegate to the na- 
 tional Republican convention in 1860; State repre- 
 sentative in 1861-62; elected a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to tlie Thirty-eighth Congress as an 
 Independent Republican. 
 
 Tracy, Phineas L., was born at Norwich, 
 Conn., December 2-5, 1786; graduated from Yale 
 College in 1806; studied law, and began practice 
 at Batavia, N. Y., in 1813; elected a Representa- 
 tive from New York to the Twentieth, Twenty- 
 first, an<l Twenty-second Congresses as a Democrat; 
 appointed presiding judge of Genesee County, 
 N. Y., in 1841, and continued in that office until 
 1846, when he retired from professional life; died 
 at Batavia, N. Y., December 23, 1876. 
 
 Tracy, TJri, was a native of Franklin, Conn.; 
 graduated from Yale College in 1789; moved to 
 New York and located at Oxford; held several 
 local offices; elected a Representative from New 
 Y'ork to the Ninth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Tracy, TTriah, was born at Franklin, Conn., 
 February 2, 1755; graduated from Yale College in 
 1778; studied law and liegan practice at Litchfield; 
 served several years as a member of the State 
 house of representatives; speaker of the house in 
 1793; elected a Representative from Connecticut 
 to the Third and Fourth Congresses, serving from 
 December 2, 1793, to December 6, 1796, when he 
 resigned, having been elected a United States Sen- 
 ator, vice Jonathan Trumljull, resigned; took his 
 seat in the Senate, and served until July, 19, 1807, 
 when he died, at Washington, D. C. 
 
 Trafton, Mark, was born at Bangor, Me., Aug- 
 ust 1, 1810; received a liberal education; studied 
 theology; pastor of a church at Westtield, Mass.; 
 elected a Representative from Massachusetts to the 
 Thirty-fourth Congress as an American; defeated 
 as the American candidate for the Thirty-fifth 
 Congress; resumed his ministerial duties, and was 
 pastor of a church at ilount Wallaston; died in 
 1901. 
 
 Train, Charles R., was born at Fraunngham, 
 Mass., October 18, 1817; graduated from Brown 
 University in 1837; studied law, and began prac- 
 tice at Framingham; district attorney for six years; 
 memberof the State honseof representatives 1847- 
 48; elected a Re]iresentative from Massachusetts 
 to the Thirty-sixth Congress as a Republican; re- 
 elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress; served in 
 the l^nion Army as a volunteer aid-de-camp to 
 General ilcClellan; moved to Boston; again served 
 in the State house of representatives 1868-1871; 
 attornev-general of Massachusetts 1871-1878; died 
 in 18it6." 
 
 Trapier, Paul, was a Delegate from South 
 Carnlina ti> the Continental Congress 1777-78. 
 
 Treadwell, Jolin, was born at Farmington, 
 Conn., November 23, 1745; graduated from Y'ale 
 
 College in 1767; studied law and began ]iractice at 
 Farmington; State representativel776-1785: mem- 
 ber of the Continental Congress 1785-86; member 
 of the State council 1786-1797; lieutenant-governor 
 of Connecticut in 1798; judgeof probate 1789-1809; 
 died at Farmington, Conn., August 19, 1823. 
 
 Tredway, "William M. , of Danville, Va. ; re- 
 ceived a lilieral education ; held several local offices; 
 elected a Representative from Virginia to the 
 Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat; defeated 
 for reelection. 
 
 Tredwell, Thomas, was l)orn at Smithtown, 
 Long Island, in 1742; graduated from Princeton 
 College in 1764; studied law and liegan practice at 
 Plattsburg; delegate to the provisional congress of 
 New Y'ork 1774-75; delegate to the State constitu- 
 tional convention 1776-77; member of the State 
 house of representatives 1777-78; judge of the 
 court of probate 1786-87; State senator 1786-1789; 
 delegate to the State constitutional convention of 
 1788; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Second and Third Congresses; delegate to the 
 State constitutional convention of 1801 ; State sen- 
 ator 1803-1807; died at Plattsburg, N. Y., January 
 30, 18:«. 
 
 Treloar, "William M. , of Mexico, Mo., was 
 born on a farm near Linden, Iowa County, A\'is., 
 September 21, 1850; received his primary educa- 
 tion in the common schools of his native county; 
 moved to Iowa in 1864, where he attended the 
 high school and the Iowa Wesleyan l^niversity at 
 Mount Pleasant: moved to Missouri and taught 
 English and music in Mount Pleasant College, 
 Huntsville, in 1872; located at INfexico, Audrain 
 County, in 1875, where he engaged in teaching, 
 filling important positions in the Synodical Female 
 College, at Fulton, Hardin College, and the public 
 .schools of Mexico; elected to the Fifty-fourth 
 Congress as a Republican; appointed postmaster 
 at Mexico, Mo., April, 1898. 
 
 Tremain, Lyman, was born at Durham, N. Y., 
 June 14, 1819; received a liljeral education; studied 
 law, and in 1840 began practice atAlbany; held sev- 
 eral local fiffices; elected attorney-general of New 
 Y'ork in 1858; elected a Rejiresentative frtmi New 
 York to the Forty-third Congress as a Repub- 
 lican; died at New York City November 30, 1878. 
 
 Trezvant, James, was a native of Sussex Coun- 
 ty, Va. ; received a liberal education; studied law, 
 and began practice at Jerusalem, Va. ; attorney- 
 general for the State of Virginia; delegate to the 
 State constitutional convention in 1820; served 
 in the State house of representatives; elected a 
 Representative from \'irginia to the Nineteenth, 
 Twentieth, and Twenty-first Congresses; died in 
 Southampton County, Va., September 2, 1841. 
 
 Trigg-, Abram, of Virginia, was elected a Reji- 
 resentative from that State to the Fifth, Sixth, 
 Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth Congresses. 
 
 Trigg, Connally F., of Abingdon. Va., was 
 born at Abingilon, Va., September 18. 1847; law- 
 yer; elected Commonwealth attorney for Wash- 
 ington County in 1872, which position he held 
 until he resigned in 1884; elected to the Forty- 
 ninth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Trigg, John, of Virginia, was elected a Rep- 
 resentative from that State to the Fifth, Sixth, 
 Seventh, and Eighth Congresses, serving from 
 May 15, 1797, to ilay 17, 1804, when he died. 
 
 Trimble, Carey A., was born at Hillsboro, 
 Ohio, September 13, 1813; graduated from the 
 
848 
 
 ('••NOKKSSIONAL DIKKCTORY. 
 
 Oliiii I'liivi'rvity in is;i:i; pitmlu'il medicine ami 
 grailnateil from tlie Cincinnati Medical ("ollefre in 
 IK.Sli; tutor lor four years; on a<-count of failing 
 healtli l>ecanie a farmer; eleiteil a Kejirecenlative 
 from Oliio to the Tliirty-nixtli anil Tliirty-seveiitli 
 ("ontiressesasa Ke|iiit)lican; ilefeate<l for reelection. 
 
 Trimble, David, was born in Frederick County, 
 Va., in .lune. ITS'J; jTrailnati-d from William and 
 Mary CoUevre; stuilied law and lieyan jmictice at 
 Alount Sterliuji, Ky. ; served iti the war of 1S12; 
 electi*<l a Representative from Kentucky to the 
 Fifteentli. Sixteenth, Seventeenth. F.i>.'hteenth, ami 
 Nineteenth Conjiressi'S as a I>emocrat; died at 
 Trind>le's Furnace, Ky., October 2t>, 1842. 
 
 Trimble, John, wa.s liorn in lioane County, 
 Tenn.. Fet)rnary 7, 1.S12: received a classical edu- 
 cation; studied law and lic},'an |iractice at Nash- 
 ville; attorney-jjeneral of Teiine.-^.-iee ls:i()-l,S4L'; 
 State rejire.sentative lS4.'!-44 and a State senator 
 lH4.')-4ii and lH.5y-lStil, when he resigned; again 
 electeil lSti.Vl.S(i7, wlien he resigned: I'nited 
 States aftornev from l.Sti2 to 181)4, when he re- 
 signed; elected a Kepre.sentative from Tennessee 
 to the Fortieth Congres.« a.s a National Republican. 
 
 Trimble, Lawrence S., w;i.s born at Fleming, 
 Ky., .\ugust I'll. 1SL',">; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; studied law, and began practice at I'aducali; 
 State representative 18.t1-.52; judge of the equity 
 and criminal comt of the tirst judicial circuit of 
 Kentm'ky lS,")(i-|Sii(); pn^sidc'iit of the New Or- 
 leans and (thio Railroad Company I,8ti0-18ti.">; 
 electeil a Representative from Kentucky to the 
 Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, and Ivirty-lirst Congresses 
 a.s a Democrat. 
 
 Trimble, South, nf Frankfort, Kv.. was Imrn in 
 Wnlfc County, Ky., .\pril IH, 18(14; ('■dncated in the 
 pnlilic schools of Frankfort and Kxcelsior Insti- 
 tute, located near that city; farmer by occuimtion; 
 elected to the Kentucky lionse of representatives 
 in 189S and again in l!t(iO, beingelected speaker in 
 the last-named year; served in that lapacity dur- 
 ing the memorable < Joebel contest; elected to the 
 Fifty-seventh Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Trimble, William A., was born at Woodford, 
 Ky., .\pril 4, 17S(>; graduated from the Transyl- 
 vania College; studied law, and began practice at 
 Highland, llhio; major of volunteers in the war 
 of 1812; appointed major of the Sixth United 
 States Infantry in 18b'{; lieutenant-colonel of the 
 First I'nited States Infantry from 1814 until 
 elected a I'nited .'States Senator from Ohio, serv- 
 ing from Decendier (i, 18Ht, to December lU, 1821, 
 wlien he died, at Washington, D. C, 
 
 Triplett, Philip, was a nati\e of N'irginia; 
 moved to Kentucky and located at Owensboro; 
 elected a Uepreseiitative from Kentucky to the 
 Tweiitv-sixth and Twentv-seventh l'ongre.s8e8 as 
 a Whig. 
 
 Trippe, Robert P., was a native of Georgia; 
 graduated from Franklin College; .studied law, 
 and betran practice at Foi-syth: electeil a Kei>re- 
 sentative from ( ieorgia lo the Thirty-fourlh and 
 Thirtv-tifth Congresses lus a Democrat; dieil in 
 IWMI, ■ 
 
 Trotter. James F., was born in Brunswick 
 County, y-.x.. November .">, 1H1I2; elected a Inited 
 .States .S'liator from Mississippi (vice,Iolm Black, 
 resigned) a« a DiMnocrat, , serving from Februarv 
 111, 18:i8, to .luly II), 18;!8, when he resigned; died 
 at Holly Springs, Miss., March !), 18t)(S. 
 
 Trotti, S. W., wa.s a native of Barnwell, S. C.; 
 receiveil a eonunon school education; elected a 
 
 Representative from South Carolina lo the Twenty- 
 seventh Congre«H (vice S. H. Butler, resigniif), 
 serving from Decendier 17, 1842, to March .i, 1843. 
 
 Troup, George Mcintosh, was liom at Mcin- 
 tosh Bluff, .Via., .S'])tember8, 1780; graduated from 
 Princeton College; studied law, and in I7M!( U^gan 
 practice at Savannah; State representative 180«)- 
 18(1."); elected a Ke])re.sentative from ( Ieorgia to the 
 Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, and Thirteenth Con- 
 gres.ses; elected a I'nited Slates Senator from 
 < ieorgia (vice W. W. Bibb, resigned) as a Slate 
 Right.s Democrat,. serving from 18H)tol819 and re- 
 signed; again elected a I'nited States ,>s«'nator, 
 servingfroin I829tol8:{3; died in I.aurens County, 
 <ia.. May 3, 18.5(x 
 
 Trout, Michael C, of Sharon, I'a., was elected 
 a Representative from I'ennsylvania to the Thirty- 
 third Congre.s.s a.s a Democrat; defeated a.s the 
 Democratic candidate for reelection to the Thirty- 
 fourth Congress. 
 
 Trowbridge, Rowland £., was bom at Klniira, 
 N. Y., ,June 18, 1821; moved to Michigan; gradu- 
 ated from Kenyon College. Ohio; farmer; State 
 senator 18."i(>-18t)0; elected a Re|)re.sentafive from 
 Michigan to the Thirty-seventh Congress as a 
 Republican; reelected to the Thirty-ninth and 
 Fortieth Congresses. 
 
 Trumbo, Andrew, was born in Bath Countv, 
 Kv., Siptinilier l.S, 1799; attended the public 
 schools; studied law, and began practice in 1824 at 
 Owingsvillc; elected a Representative from Ken- 
 tucky to the Twenty-ninth Congre&s as a Whig; 
 Presidential elector in 1,848 on the Taylor and 
 Fillmore ticket. 
 
 I Trumbull, Jonathan, was born at Lebanon. 
 Conn., March 2l), 1740; graduated from Harvard 
 
 I College in 17.59; member of thecolonial legislature 
 of Connecticut; a])iiointeil by theContinental Con- 
 gress paymaster of the Northern .Military Depart- 
 
 1 inent in 177-5; member of (ieiicral Washington's 
 staff; elected a Representative from Connecticut 
 to the First Congress as a Federalist; reelected to 
 the .Second Congress, and October 24, 1791, waa 
 chosen Speaker; reelected to the Third Congre.ss; 
 elected Fnited States Senator (vice S. M. ^litchell, 
 resigned), serving from 179.5 to 179t), when he re- 
 
 j signed, having been electeil lieutenant-governor of 
 Connecticut 17.89-179.5; became governor in .May, 
 1798, on account of the death of Governor Wolcott, 
 
 ' and was elected eleven terms as a Federalist; dietl 
 -Vugust 7, 1,H09. 
 
 Trumbull, Joseph (brother of Jonathan Trum- 
 bull), was born at Lebanon. Conn., March 11, 
 17.')7; graduated from Harvard College in 17.56; 
 Delegate from Connecticut to the Continental Con- 
 gress 1774-75: servtil in the Revolutionary .\rmy 
 lUs Connni.ssiiry -General 1775-1777; died at lA-lia- 
 non. Conn., Jnly 23, 1778. 
 
 Trumbull, Joseph (son of .Tonathan Trum- 
 bull), was burn at Lebanon, Conn., |)ecember7, 
 1782; gnidualed from Yale in 1801; studied law, 
 and in 1804 began practice at Ilaiiford; made pres- 
 ident of the Hartford Bank in 1828; State repre- 
 sentative in 1,8:12; elected a Representative from 
 Connecticut to the Twenty-third Congress (vice 
 W. W. F.llsworlh, resigiuil ) as a Whig; elected to 
 the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-.seventh Congress«.s; 
 again a member of the .State house of rt'prew'nta- 
 lives in 1848; governor of Coimecticut 1849-.50; 
 again elected to tlie State house of representatives 
 in 18.51; died at Hartford, Conn., August 4, 18(51. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 849 
 
 Trumbull, Lyman, was born at Cnlclies'ter, 
 Conn., Octolwr 12, ISlo; studied law, and began 
 practice in Illinois: member of the legislature of 
 Illinoisin 1840; secretaryof stateof IllinoislS41— 12; 
 justice of the supreme court of Illinois 1848-1853; 
 electeda Representative from Illinois to the Thirty- 
 fourth Congress; elected a United States Senator 
 from Illinois as a Repulilican (vice James Shields, 
 I)emi:icrat i , and twice reelected, serving from De- 
 cember 3, 1855, to March 3, 1873; died at Chicago, 
 111., .lune 25, 1896. 
 
 Tuck, Amos, was born at Parsonsfield, Me.; 
 graduateil from Dartmouth College in 1835; tutor; 
 studied law and l)egan practice at Exeter, N. H.; 
 elected a Representative from New Hampshire to 
 the Thirtieth Congress as an Independent; re- 
 elected to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Con- 
 gresses; defeated for the Thirty-third Congress; 
 appointed naval othcer of tire port of Boston by 
 President Lincoln. 
 
 Tucker, Ebenezer, was born at Rurlington, 
 N. J., in 1758; received a common school educa- 
 tion; served in the Revolutionar)' Army; held 
 several local offices; moved to Tuckerton; elected 
 a Representative from New Jersey to the Nine- 
 teenth anii Twentieth Congresses; judge of the 
 court of common pleas; died at Tuckerton, N. J., 
 September 5, 1845. 
 
 Tucker, George, was born in Bermuda in 1775; 
 moved to Virginia; graduated from William and 
 Mary College in 1797; studied law, and began 
 practice at Lynchburg, Va.; State representative; 
 elected a f^epresentative from Virginia to the Si.x- 
 teenth, Seventeenth, and Plighteenth Congresses 
 without opposition; profes.sor in the ITniversity of 
 Virginia 1825-1845; died at Charlottesville, Va., 
 April 10, 18(il. 
 
 Tucker, Henry St. George, was born at Wil- 
 liamsburg, Va., December 29, 1780; received a 
 classical education; studied law and Ijegan practice 
 at Winchester, Va.; elected a Representative from 
 Virginia to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Con- 
 gresses; i^residentof the Virginia court of appeals; 
 professor of law at the I'niversitv nf Virginia 1.H41- 
 1845; died at Winchester, Va., August 28, 1848. 
 
 Tucker, Henry St. George, of Staunton, Va., 
 was horn at Winchester, Va., April 5, 1853; edu- 
 cated at Washington and Lee University, Lexing- 
 ton, Va , graduating ivith the degree of A. JI. in 
 1875, and with the degree of B. L. in 187(5; prac- 
 ticed law in Staunton; had never held any public 
 office Iiefore his election to Congress; elected to 
 the Fifty-tirst Congress as a Democrat; reelected 
 to the Fifty-second, Fifty-third, and Fifty-fourth 
 Congre.sses; elected professor of constitutional law 
 in Washington and Lee LTniversity, of Lexington, 
 Va. , to till a vacancy caused by the death of his 
 father. 
 
 Tucker, John Randolph, was born at Win- 
 chester, December 24, 1823; educated at the Uni- 
 versity of Virginia; lawyer; attorney-general of 
 Virginia 1857-1865; professor of equity and public 
 law at Washington and Lee University, Lexington; 
 elected to the Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, 
 Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth 
 Congresses as a Democrat; elected professor of con- 
 stitutional law in Washington and Lee University, 
 at Lexington, Va.; died February 12, 1897, at 
 Lexington, Va. 
 
 Tucker, Starling, was a native of Halifax 
 County, N. C; moved to Mountain Shoals, S. C; 
 received a limited education; held several local 
 
 offices; elected a Representative from South Caro- 
 lina to the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Seventeenth, 
 Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty- 
 first Congresses; died at Mountain Shoals, S. C, 
 Februarv 4, 1834. 
 
 Tucker, Thomas Tudor, was born in Bermmla 
 in 1745; moved to South Carolina; Delegate from 
 South Carolina to the Continental Congress 1787-88; 
 elected a Representative from South Carolina to 
 the First and Second Congresses; United States 
 Treasurer from December 1, 1810, until May 2, 1828, 
 when he died, at Washington, D. C. 
 
 Tucker, Tilghman M., was a native of North 
 Carolina; received a liljeral education; studied law 
 and began pnK-tice at Columbus, Miss.; member 
 of the State house of rejiresentatives; governor 
 of IMississippi 1841-1843; elected a Representative 
 from Mississippi to the Twenty-eighth Congress as 
 a Democrat; died in Alabama Ai)ril 30, 1859. 
 
 Tufts, John ft., was born near Aurora, Ind., 
 July 12, 1840; moved with his parents to Iowa 
 in 1852; received a classical education; farmer; 
 member of the Iowa legislature 1869, 1871, and 
 1873; elected a Representative from Iowa to the 
 Forty-fourth Congress as a Repulilican. 
 
 Tully, Pleasant B., of Gilroy, Cal., was born 
 in Henderson County, Tenn., March 21, 1829; 
 educated in public and private schools; at the age 
 of 9 his father moved to Phillips County, .•Vrk.; 
 went to California in 1853 and engaged in mining 
 four years; resided at Gilroy after 1857; studied 
 law; elected a delegate at large to the State con- 
 stitutional convention in 1879, and served on the 
 judiciary, the revenue, and the taxation commit- 
 tees; elected to the Forty-eighth Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Turley, Thomas Battle, of Memphis, Tenn., 
 was born at Memphis April 5, 1845; .served through 
 the civil war as a private in the Confederate army; 
 graduated from the law department of the L^niver- 
 sit)' of Virginia in 1867 and immediately began 
 the practice of law at Memphis; held no civil 
 office until appointed to the United States Senate 
 as a Democrat, July 20, 1897, to succeetl Senator 
 Isham G, Harris, deceased; elected by the legisla- 
 ture to fill out the unexpireil term, and sworn in 
 February 14, 1898, serving until ^larch 3, 1901. 
 
 Turner, Benjamin Sterling, was born in 
 Halifax County, N. C, ]March 17. 1.S25; slave; 
 received no early education liecause the laws of 
 that State made it criminal to educate slaves; 
 moved to Alabama in 1830, where iiy clandestine 
 study he obtained a fair education; Ijccame a mer- 
 chant; held several local offices; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Alabama to the Forty-second Con- 
 gress as a Republican; defeated for tjie Forty-third 
 Congress. 
 
 Turner, Charles, was a native of Massachu- 
 setts; graduated from Harvard College, studied 
 theology and became pastor of a parish in Dux- 
 bury, Mass. ; elected a Representative from !Massa- 
 achusetts to the Eleventh Congress (successfully 
 contesting the seat of William Baylies) as a War 
 Democrat; reelected to the Twelfth Congress; 
 defeated for reelection. 
 
 Turner, Charles H., of New York. N. Y., was 
 born atWentworth, N. H.. May 26, 1861; received 
 his primary education in the district schools of his 
 native State; moved to New York in November, 
 1879; employed for six months on the elevated 
 railroad; drove an ice wagon for two years; entered 
 the class of 1886 in Columbia College, and pursued 
 
 H. Doc. 458- 
 
 -54 
 
850 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIKECTOBY. 
 
 A course of two yenr?: nftor loavins rollope ro- 
 engageil in the ice Imsinos.-, iind i-imtinncil thcn-iii 
 till he l>ee;inieii catulichite for State seiuitor in ISSS; 
 elected to the Kilty-liist ("oiinivss as a Deiuoerat 
 to tiiuceeil Frank T. FitZfjeraM. refipiied. 
 
 Turner, Daniel (son of James Turner), was 
 bom in Warren County, N. C, Septeinher I'l. 17!l(l; 
 received a liheral education; entered llii' Military 
 Academy at We.-t I'oint in 181.S and ajijioiiited 
 lieutenant of artillery in ISH; resi;;iied liiu com- 
 mistnion in IS15; >itU(U'nt for two years at William 
 and Mary Col l(j;e, Nirjiiiiia; meinlierof the house 
 of conimonsof North Carolina ISlil-lSL':!; elected a 
 Representative from North Carolina to the Twen- 
 tieth CouLTCfs; died at Mare Island, Cal., Julv -I, 
 ISliO. 
 
 Turner, Erastus J., of Iloxie, Kans., was born 
 at Lockjiorl, I'.rie Conntv, I'a., Decendier 2ti. 1H4(>; 
 attemled colletre at Heiiry. HI., ISaiMiO; enli,ste<l 
 in Company K, Thirteenth Iowa Infantry, in 18(14. 
 and remaineil till the close of the war; a student 
 at the Adrian Collene, Michitran, I.stiti-lSti.S; ad- 
 mitted to the bar in 1S71; moveit to Kansas in 
 187it; electcil a member of the lejiislaturc in ISSl 
 and 188.3; elected secretary of the Kansas board of 
 railroad conunissioners April 1, iss:!, which posi- 
 tion he resi;;ned .August I, 18S(), to accept the 
 nomination for t'ongress, and elected to the Fif- 
 tieth Congress as a Republican; reelected to the 
 Fifty-tirst Congress. 
 
 Turner, George, of .''pokane, Wash., was Ixirn 
 at J'diiia, Mo., February '2't, 18.'i(): educated in the 
 common schools; lawyer; I'nited States marshal 
 for the southern and middle districts of .Mabama 
 1876-1880; associate justice of the sujireme court 
 for the Territory of Washington from .luly 4, 1884, 
 till February l.">, 1888; member of the constitu- 
 tional convention which framed the constitution 
 for theStateof Washington; jirior to the campaign 
 of 18S16 was a Republican in politics, l)ut in that 
 campaign left the Republican party and supported 
 Mr. Hryan for rresideiit; a.ssisted, as a Silver Re- 
 publican, in that year, to organize a fusion of Sil- 
 ver Reiniblicans, Kemocrats, and Pojiulists to 
 oppose the Ke]>ublican party; these element.s, thus 
 united, having carried the State of Washington 
 for Mr. Bryan and elected a majority of the legis- 
 lature, was by them elected to the I'nited States 
 Senate as a Fusi<inist, and took his seat March 4, 
 1897; his term of service exjiired March :i, 1W03, 
 when President Roosevelt apiioiMte<l him a inem- 
 l)er of the .Vlaska lioundary Commission. 
 
 Turner, Henry G. , of tjuitman, (ia.. was 
 ele<-ted to the Fortv-seventh, Fortv-eighth. Forty- 
 ninth, Fiftieth. Fifty-tirst, Fifty-second, Fifty- 
 third, and Fifty-fourth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Turner, James, was born in .Southampton 
 County, Va., in 17t)(i; moved with his father to 
 Warren Count.v, X. C., in 1770; receiveil a com- 
 mon s<-liool education; ])rivate in the Revolution- 
 arv Armv; mendier of tin- State house of repre- 
 sentative's 17!I7- 180(1. and of t hi' State senate l.sOI-'J; 
 governor of North Carolina I8(r2-l.s()."i; elected a 
 I'nited .Siates Senator in l.HO.")asa Hemocrat. and 
 reelected, serving from 180.") to 1810, when he re- 
 signed on account of ill health; dieil at liloonis- 
 bury, N. C, .January ]r\ 1.824. 
 
 Turner, James, was a native of Maryland: re- 
 ceived a liberal eilucation; elected a Rejiresi'nla- 
 tive from ^larylaml to the Twenty-thinl anil 
 Twentv-fourth Congresses a- a Democrat; defeateil 
 for reelection. 
 
 Turner. Oscar, was horn at Xew Orlpatip, La., 
 \ February:), 18L'."); his father moved with his family 
 I to Fayette County, Ky., in 182(>; ( iscar Turner set- 
 tled on a farm in ISallanl Comity, 18 miles frrmi 
 the county seat, in 184:{; studieil law in the law 
 ilejiartmeiit of Transylvania I'niversily at I.exing- 
 ' ton, Ky., in 1847; practiced until isdl; elected 
 Coninionwealth attorney in 18.t1, held the |«)si- 
 tion four years, and resigned; elected to the State 
 .senate of Kentucky in 1.807 ami .served four years; 
 a number of years chairman of the Democratic 
 central i-ommittee of Ballard County, and chair- 
 man of the Contrressional cdinmittee of the First 
 Congressional district, known as the (iibraltar dis- 
 trict of Ilemocra<y, and IoUl' rcprescntcil by Linn 
 Boyd; I'lected to the Foity--ixth Congress a- an 
 lndc|ieiident Democrat; reelecteil to the Forty- 
 seventh and l'\irtv-eighth Congresses; died in 
 
 l,8!l(). 
 
 Turner, Oscar, of .lefferson County. Ky., was 
 born at Woodlands, Ballard County, Ky., ((ctolier 
 10, 1807; atteixled the common schools of tlie 
 neighborhood till some time after his father was 
 elected to Congress, when he went to Washing- 
 ton and attended the public schools for two or 
 three sessions; returned to Kentucky, where he at- 
 temled the Louisville Rugby S<'hool for three or 
 four yeai-s; studied law at the University of Lfiuis- 
 ville and the I'liiversity of Virginia, re<-eiving his 
 degree when 10 years old; traveled very exten- 
 sively, anil began the practice of law in 1891 at 
 Louisville, Ky., in which profession he was en- 
 gaged when elected to the Fifty-sixth Congress as 
 a Democrat. 
 
 Turner, Smith S., was born in Warren County, 
 Va., November 21, 1,842; cadet at the Virginia 
 Military Institute when the civil war commenee<l, 
 and subseiiuently given an honorary di])loma; 
 joined the Confederate army in 1801; served with 
 (ien. T. .L .lackson as drill othcer during the first 
 year of his service, and as an olliccr of I'ickett's 
 division during the remainder of the war: once 
 wounded, and, about the close of the war. Ijadly 
 injured and distigured by an explosion of guniKiw- 
 der; taught mathematics in a female seminary at 
 Winchester. Va., for two yearsafter the war; stud- 
 ied law, and admitted to the bar in 18t)9: nieintier 
 of the Virginia leirislature 186t»-1872: fora number 
 of years prosecuting attorney for Warren County, 
 Va. ; for eight years a member of the .'^tate hoard 
 of visitors of the Virginia Military Institute; 
 elected to the Fifty-third Congress as a Democrat, 
 to succeed lion. Charles T. (I'Ferrall, resigned, at 
 a special election held .lanuary SO, 1894; reelected 
 to the Fifty-fourth Congress; "died .\pril 8, 1898. 
 
 Turner, Thomas, of Mount Sterling, Ky., was 
 born at Uichmoud, Ky., September 10. 1821; edu- 
 cated at the Richmond Academy and at Centre 
 College, Danville, where he graduated in Septem- 
 ber. 1840; studied law. and began i)racticing at 
 Richmond; moved in Novemln'r. 18.')4. to Mount 
 Sterling, Ky.; appointeiJ Commonwealth attor- 
 ney in March, ISlii. and resigiuil in 1S49: mem- 
 ber of the State house of repre.senfativ«»s l,8t)l- 
 18():i; elected to the Forty-lifth Congn-ss and re- 
 elected to the Fort v-sixth Congress as a Democrat; 
 died ill llHKl. 
 
 Turner, Thomas J., was Iwirn in Trumbull 
 County. Ohio, .\pril •'), ISl.i; received a liniitt»d 
 education; moved to Butler County, Pa., in 182.5, 
 and worked on a farm; moved to St. Paul, De- 
 catur County, Ind.. in 18:^.3. and later to Freeport, 
 III.; studieil law and jiracticed; judge of prolinte 
 in 1842; jmstniaster in 1S44; elected Stale district 
 
HIOfiKAPHIES. 
 
 851 
 
 attorney in 1845; electeil a Eepres-entative from 
 Illinois" to the Thirtieth Congress as a Democrat; 
 member of the State house of representatives in 
 1854, and was speaker. 
 
 Turney, Hopkins L., was born in Smith 
 County, Tenn., October 3, 1797; tailor; served in 
 the Seminole war; stu<lied law', and bey:an ]irae- 
 tice at Winchester; memlier of the State house of 
 representatives 1828-1838; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Tennessee to the Twenty-fifth, Twenty- 
 sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses; a United 
 States Senator from Tennessee 1845-1851; died at 
 Winchester, Tenn., August 1, 1857. 
 
 Turney, Jacob, was born at Greensbnrfr, Pa., 
 February 18, ISl'o; received a limited education; 
 printer; studied law and began practice at tireens- 
 burg; elected district attorney for 'W'estmiireland 
 County in 185U and 1853; Presidential elector on 
 the Buchanan ticket in 1856; State senator for three 
 years; elected a Representative from Pennsylva- 
 nia to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses 
 as a Democrat; died at Greensburg, Pa., October 
 4, 1891. 
 
 Turpie, David, of Indianapolis, Ind., was 
 born in Hamiltou County, Ohio, July 8, 1829; 
 graduated from Kenyon College in 1848; studied 
 law, and ailmitted to practice at Logansport, Ind., 
 in 1849; ai)pointed by Governor Wright, judge of 
 the court of common pleas in 1854, ami judge of 
 the circuit court in 1856, both of which oftices he 
 resigned; member of the legislature of Indiana in 
 1852 and 1858; elected a United States Senator in 
 1863 for the unexpired term of J. I). Bright, and 
 immediately succeeding J. A. W' right, who served 
 by appointment of the governor; elected a mem- 
 ber of the house of representatives of the general 
 assembly of Indiana, and served as speaker of that 
 body 1874-75; appointed one of the three conmiis- 
 sioners to revise the laws of Indiana in 1878, serv- 
 ing as such three years; appointed United States 
 district attorney for the State of Indiana in Au- 
 gust, 1886, and served as such until March 3, 1887; 
 elected to the United States Senate as a Democrat 
 Feljruary 2, 1887, and took his seat JVIarch 4, 1887; 
 reelected in 1893, serving until ^larch 3, 1899. 
 
 Turpin, Louis W., of Xewbern, Ala., was 
 born in Charlottesville, Va., February 22, 1849; 
 moved to Perry County, Ala., in 1858; cotton 
 planter; tax assessor of Hale County seven years; 
 served as chairman of the Democratic executive 
 committee of his county six years, and was ex 
 oilicio a member of the district executive com- 
 mittee; a candidate for the Democratic nomination 
 for Congress in 1882, and defeated; elected to tlie 
 Fiftv-tirst Congress as a Democrat; imseated .June 
 4, 1890, by IMcDuffie; elected to the Fifty-second 
 and Fifty-third Congresses. 
 
 Turrell, Joel, was born in Vermont in 1795; 
 graduated from ]\Iiddlebury College in 1816; moved 
 to Oswego, N.Y.; State representative in 1831; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses as a 
 Democrat; died at Oswego, X. Y., December 26, 
 1859. 
 
 Tuthill, Joseph. H., was born at Blooming 
 Grove, N. Y., February 11, 1811: attended the 
 public schools; merchant; president of a glass 
 company; clerk of Ulster County 1843-1847; niem- 
 jer of Ulster County board of supervisors for sev- 
 eral years; elected a Representative from New York 
 to the Fortv-second Congress as a Democrat; dietl 
 at EUenville, N. Y., July 27, 1877. 
 
 Tuthill, Selah, was born in Ulster C'ounty, 
 X. Y.. in 1775; received a liberal education; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Seventeenth Congress, but died September 7, 1821, 
 before taking his seat. 
 
 Tweed, William M. , was born at New York 
 City April 3, 1823; received a liberal education; 
 chair maker; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat; 
 member of the lioard of supervisors for New York 
 County in 1858 ; defeated as the Peace candidate for 
 sheriff in 1861; held .several local positions; State 
 senator 1868-1870; tried in 1874 on charges of offi- 
 cial embezzlement, found guilty, and sentenced to 
 twelve years' imprisonment; escaped in Decemlier, 
 1875, and captured in Spain; brought back to the 
 United States on a man-of-war; died at New York 
 City April 12, 1878. 
 
 Tweedy, John H., was born in Connecticut; 
 graduated from Yale College; stu<lie<I law, and in 
 1836 began practii'e at .Alilwaukee, Wis. ; delegate 
 to the convention which framed the State consti- 
 tution in 1846; electeil a Delegate from Wisconsin 
 Territory to the Thirtieth Congress as a Whig; 
 defeated as the Whig candidate for governor in 
 1848; died at Milwaukee, Wis., November 12, 1891. 
 
 Tweedy, Samuel, a native of Connecticut, was 
 elected a Representative from Connecticut to the 
 Twenty-third Congress. 
 
 Twichell, (jrinery, was lioni at Athol, Mass., 
 August 26, 1811; received a liberal education; in- 
 terested in the carrying of mails and stage coaches; 
 engaged in railroading; elected a Rej)resentative 
 from Massachusetts to the Fortieth, Forty-first, 
 and Fortv-second Congresses as a Republican; 
 died at Brookline, Mass., July 23, 1883. 
 
 Tyler, Asher, was born at Bridgewater, N. Y., 
 May 10, 1798; graduated from Hamilton College 
 in 1817; studied law- and began practice at Elli- 
 cottville; held several local offices; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New York to the Twenty-eighth 
 Congress as a Whig; moved to Elmira and engageil 
 in railroad operations; died at Elmira, N. Y., 
 August 10, 1875. 
 
 Tyler, D. Gardiner, of Charles City C'ounty, 
 Va., wat. born at East Hampton, Long Island, New 
 York, in 1846; enteretl Washington College, Lex- 
 ington, Va., in 1862, leaving there in 1863 to join 
 the Confederate army; served as a private in the 
 Army of Northern Virginia, surrendering at Ap- 
 pomattox; went to Europe in October, 1865, and 
 I>ursued a course of classical studies at Carlsruhe, 
 Grand Duchy of Baden; returned to the United 
 States in tlie autumn of 1867, and again entered 
 Washington College; graduated frcfiii the law 
 school of that institution in 1869; director of State 
 lunatic asylum at Williamsburg, Va., 1884-1887; 
 visitor of William and ilary College; Presidential 
 elector on Democratic ticket in 1888; elected to 
 State senate in 1891; elected to the Fifty-third 
 and Fifty-fourth Congresses as a Democrat; again 
 elected to the State senate. 
 
 Tyler, James M., of Brattleboro, Vt., was born 
 at Wilmington, Vt., April 27, 1835; educated at 
 Brattleboro Academy; graduated from the Law 
 University of Albany, N^ Y., and admitted to the 
 bar of Vermont in September, 1860; memlier of 
 the State legislature of Vermont in 1863 and 1864; 
 State attorney in 1866 and 1867; trustee of the 
 Vermont Asylum for the Insane in 1875; elected 
 to the Forty-sixth and Forty -seventh Congresses as 
 a Republican; resumed the practice of law; ap- 
 
852 
 
 (•()N(!RKSSI(iNAI. DIKKCTOin . 
 
 IHiiiiteil one of tlu< jii<1kp>» of the .-n|>rfim' <(iiirl of 
 tlie State in Si'])teiiil>i'r, ISS7. 
 
 Tyler, John, wum l)orn in Clinrle,-' City County, 
 V;i.. Matcli L.';i, 171'0; •.'nuluati-il from Williani iiikI 
 Miirv Collono in ISOti; stiicliinl liiw and juactieiMl; 
 nienilKTof tlieState lionsi-of lepri'si'iilativefi ISI I- 
 1,S1(>: clictiMi a He]>resfntative from NMryinia tothe 
 Fourteenth Con};nsH( vice-IolinClopton. i lei eased ) 
 as a State Ki«hts Uemoerat; reelerted to the Fif- 
 teenth and Sixteenth Conjrres.xes; ajrain a meinlxT 
 of the State house of representatives 1 S2:!- 1 SL'.") ; 
 governor of Virjjinia KSi>r>-1827; a I'nited States 
 Senator from Vir>.'inia 1SL>7-1S:1(), wlien lie re- 
 sijined: joined the Whi;: jiarty. ami elected Vice- 
 I'resiilent on the Harrison ticket in IS40; lierame 
 President of the I'nited States after the death of 
 I'resident Harrison April 4, 1.S4I: dele^iate to the 
 |)eaee convention in ISIil; renounced allejriance to 
 the United States, ami delcKate to the Confederate 
 Prcivisioual Contrress in IStil; elected to the Con- 
 federate Conjiress, but died before taking his seat, 
 at Kichmond, Va., .lanuary IS, IStC 
 
 Tyner, James N., was born at Brookville, Ind., 
 .lanuary 17, ISl'li; rt'ceived an academic eilucation, 
 praduatiufT in 1S44; spent ten years in liusiness; 
 studied law, and began it,* practice at Peru, Ind.; 
 secretarj- of the State senate for four successive 
 Bessioni?, conunencing in isri7; Pri'sidential elector 
 in ISfiO; sjiecial airent of the Post-( lllice I)e)iart- 
 ment ISiil-ISHli; eli'cted a Kepres^Mitative from 
 Indiana as a Keiniblican to the Porty-lirst Congress 
 at a special election (occasioned by the election 
 of 1). 1). Pratt to the United Stati'S .S'uate 1, and 
 reelected to the Forty-secon<l and Forty-third 
 Congresses; appointed by President (irant gover- 
 nor of Colonido, but declined; accepteil the posi- 
 tion of Seccjnd Assistant Postmaster-( ieneral. serv- 
 ing from February :.'(>, I.S7.'i, to .luly 1"J, lS7t>. and 
 Postmaster-* ieneral, serving from .luly 11', 1S7(), to 
 March .'i, IS77; appointeil by President Hayes 
 First Assistant Postmaster-fTcneral, serving from 
 Marcli Hi, 1S77, to his resignation in ( )ctober, ISSl ; 
 assistant attornev-general for the Post-OHice de- 
 partment lSS9-lSnS, and from May, 1S97, to ISHW; 
 (lelegate to the International Postal Congresses at 
 Paris in 1S7S, and at Washington in lSit7. 
 
 Tyson, Jacob, was born in Montgomery County, 
 T'a.. ill 17!i:',; received a common school education; 
 moved to New York and located at Richmonil; 
 meinlierof the .State senate in ISliS; elected a liep- 
 resentative from New York to the Fighteeiitli 
 Congress. 
 
 Tyson, Job Roberts, was born at Philadel- 
 phia. Pa., February s, 1S03; received a liberal 
 education; taught school; studied law. and began 
 practice at Pliiladelphia; held several local ollices; 
 serveil in the State house of representatives; 
 elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Tliirtv-fiMirtli Congre.«s as a Whig; died at Wood- 
 lawn Hall. Pa., .June L'7, 18.58. 
 
 Udree, Daniel, was a native of Philadelphia, 
 Pa.; received a I'ommon school eilucation; moved 
 to Berks County and became a merchant; iiiem- 
 lier of the State house of rei>resentafives I7SI!»- 
 l.S(V); elected a Uepn'sentative from Pennsylvania 
 to the Thirteenth Congress a.s a l>emocrat, vice 
 ,Iohn ^I. Hyneman, resigned; elected to the ."Six- 
 teenth Congress, vice .lo.sepli Heister, resigned; 
 electeil to the Seventeenth Congress, vice l.udwig 
 Worman. dei'ea.sed; reelected to the Eighteenth 
 Congr»-.ss; died at Heading, I'a.. .Inly 22, 1828. 
 
 Underhill, John Quincy, of New R<Kdiel!e, 
 N. v., was born in that place February 19, 1.S48; 
 
 eihicaled in private and pnlilic schools and at the 
 College of the City of New York; eng:iged in the 
 business of tin* insurance; jiresident and tru.stee 
 of his native village several times; elected to the 
 Fifty-sixth Congress as a Heinocrat. 
 
 TJnderhill, Walter, wa.s a native of New York 
 City; receiveil a lilieral education; held several 
 local ollices; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Thirty-lirst Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Underwood, John W. H.. wa.s Iiorn in Klliert 
 Connlv, (ia.. November 2(1, ISIH; received a lil>- 
 eral eiluiation; stuiliecl law and bi-gan pntcticeat 
 Rome, (ia., in lS:!-4; delegate to the ."state consti- 
 tutional convention of 1S.")(); member of the State 
 house of representatives in l.s.')7, and was s|N-aker; 
 electeil a Representative from (ieorgia to the 
 Thirty-sixth Congress as a Democrat; retired from 
 the House .lanuary 2:i, I,"<()1, and joined the Con- 
 federacy; after the war resumed the pnictice of 
 law at Rome, ( ia. ; for several years a judge of the 
 sui>erior and supreme courts of (iwrgia, and a 
 member of President Arthur's tariff commission; 
 died at Rome, C.a., July IS, IS.SS. 
 
 ■Underwood, Joseph Rogers, wiis iMirn in 
 (ioocliland County, \'a., ( l.tober 24, Kill; niovinl 
 with his uncle to Kentucky in ls(i:i; educated at 
 the Univei'sity of Ivexington; studied law; served 
 in the war of 1812; admitted to the bar and began 
 i practice at (ila.sgow, Ky.; held .several local 
 ollices; iiiemlier of the State house of rei>resen- 
 tatives ISKi-lSlSl; moved to Howling Green in 
 lS2:i; Presidential elector on the Clay tiiket in 
 1824; again a member of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives 1S2.5-2I>; judge ol (he State court of 
 appeals 1S2S-1SS.'>; elected a Representative from 
 Kentucky to the Twenty-fourth. Twenty-tilth, 
 Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresjie-s iia 
 a Whig; elected a United States Senator from 
 Kentucky as a Wliig. .serving from 1S47 to 1S.53; 
 died near Bowling (ireeii. Ky.. .\ugust 2.S. lS7ti. 
 
 Underwood, Oscar W., of Hirminghani, Ala., 
 was born at l>ouisville. Jefferson County, Ky., 
 Mayti, lSt>2; educated at Rugby .S'hool, I^aiisville, 
 ami the University of Virginia; commen<-ed the 
 practice of law at Birmingham September, 1S84; 
 cliainiian of Heniocratic executive committee for 
 the Ninth district in the campaign of 18112; nomi- 
 natid in Ism and elected to the Fifty-fourth I'on- 
 gressasa l>eniocrat; seat was successfully contestiMl 
 bv Truman 11. Aldricli, Reimblican and Populist; 
 elected toiheFifty-lifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, 
 and Fifty-eighth Congre.s.ses. 
 
 Underwood. Warner Li., was born in Goooh- 
 Uuiil County, \a.. .\ugiist 7. I.SI»S; graduate<l from 
 the I'niversity of Virginia in IS.'iO; studied law 
 and began practice at Bowling (ireen, Ky.; moved 
 to Texas in l.sn.i. and in 1840 returned to Ken- 
 tucky; member of the State lioii.se of representa- 
 tives in I84S, and the State senate in 184(1; elected 
 a Representative from Kentucky to the Thirty- 
 fourth and Thirty-lifth Congresses as an American; 
 declined a reelection. 
 
 Updegraff, Jonathan T. , wwhorn in .Teffei-son 
 County. ( >liio; cdncaleil in the common schools and 
 at Franklin College in that State; larmerand physi- 
 cian; studied medicine and graduated from the 
 University of Pennsylvania, and afterwards at the 
 medical schools of Fdinbiirgh and Paris; iiniclufil 
 his profession, but devoted a lai-geshaiv of his time 
 and interest.sloatrncultural pni-siiits; served asasiir- 
 geon in the Union .\riny during the latter jiart of 
 the war; IVesidential electorin 1872; niemlH-rof the 
 Ohio .senate in 1872 and 1873; temporary presittent 
 
BIOGRAl'HIF.S. 
 
 853 
 
 of tlio Republican State convention in 1.S73, and 
 chairman of the State Republican central commit- 
 tee in 1S7.T; delegate to the national Reinil)lican 
 convention in lS7t3; elected to the Forty-sixth and 
 Forty-seventh Congresses as a Republican; died 
 November 30, l.ssi'/ 
 
 XTpdegraff, Thomas, of JIcGregcjr, Iowa, was 
 born in Tioga County, Pa., April 3, 1834; received 
 an a<'ademic education; appointed clerk of the 
 district court of Clayton Count}', Iowa, in April, 
 ISoti; elected to that otiice the same year and re- 
 elected in lcS58; ailmitted to the bar and entered 
 upon the iiractice of law in 1.S61; member of the 
 State house ni representatives and chairman of the 
 committee on judiciary in 1S78; elected to the 
 Forty -sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses as a Re- 
 publican; member of the board of education and 
 city solicitor of McGregor; delegate to the national 
 Repul)lican convention in 1888, and member of the 
 notilication committee; elected to the Fifty-third, 
 Fifty-fourth, and Fifty-fifth Congresses as a Repub- 
 lican. 
 
 TJpham, Charles Wentworth, was born at 
 St. Johns, New Brunswick, May 4, 1802; gradu- 
 ated from Harvard College in 1821; merchant; 
 studied theology; clergyman at Salem, Mass., 
 1824-1844; member of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives 1840-1849; defeated as the Whig can- 
 didate for the Thirty-second Congress; mayor of j 
 Salem in 1852; delegate to the State constitutional 
 convention in 1853; elected a Representative from 
 Massachusetts to the Thirty-third Congress; de- 
 feated for reelection; State senator 1857-58; again 
 a member of the State house of representatives 
 1859-60; pul)lished Letters on the Logos (1828), 
 Lectures on Witchcraft (1832), Life of John C. 
 Fremont, and other works; died at Salem, Mass., 
 June 14, 1875. 
 
 TTphani, George B., was born in New Hamp- 
 shire in 17H9; graduated from Harvard College in 
 1789; served several years as a member of the 
 State house of representatives, and two years as 
 speaker; elected a Representative from New 
 Hampshire to the Seventh Congress; died at 
 Claremont, N. H., February 10, 1848. 
 
 TJpham, Jabez, was a native of Ma.ssachusetts; 
 graduateil fnim Harvard College in 1785; studied 
 law , and began practice at Claremont, N. H . ; moved 
 to Brookfleld, Mass., and practiced law; member 
 of the State house of representatives; elected a 
 Representative from Massachusetts to the Tenth 
 Congress; reelected to the Eleventh Congress; died 
 at Brooktield, Mass., in 1811. 
 
 TJpham, Nathaniel, was born at Deerfield, 
 N. H., June 9, 1774; received a classical e<Uication; 
 merchant; served as a member of the State house 
 of representatives, also of the executive council; 
 elected a Representative from New Hampshire to 
 the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; died at Roche.ster, N. H., 
 July 10, 1829. 
 
 TJpham, William, was liorn at Leicester, Mass., 
 in August, 1792; moved to ^'e^mont in 1802 with 
 his parents; graduated from the University of Ver- 
 mont; studied law, and began practice at Mont- 
 pelier, Vt., in 1812; served two years in the State 
 house of representatives; State attorney for Wash- 
 ington County in 1829; again a member of the 
 State house of representatives in 1830; elected a 
 United States Senator from Vermont as a Whig, j 
 servmg from 1843 to 1853; died at Washington, | 
 D. C, January 11, 1853. I 
 
 Upson, Columbus, of San Antonio, Tex., was 
 born in (_)nondaga County, N. Y., October 17, 1829; 
 educated a lawyer; admitted to the bar at Syracuse, 
 N. Y., in 1851; settled in Texas in 1854; engaged 
 in the practice of law; served in the Confederate 
 army as a volunteer, with rank of colonel, on the 
 staff of Gen. W. H. C. Whiting; appointed by 
 the Confederate Government associate justice of 
 Arizona in 1862; Democratic electi ir in 1876; elected 
 as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth Congress to fill 
 the vacancy caused by the deatli of Hon. (Justave 
 Schleicher, and reelected to the Forty-seventh 
 Congress; resumed the practice of law. 
 
 TJpson, Charles, was born at Soutliington, 
 Conn., March 19, 1821; received a classical edu- 
 cation; studied law and admitted to the bar; 
 began practice at Coldwater, Mich.; held several 
 local offices; prosecuting attorney two years; mem- 
 l:)er of the State senate 1855-56; elected attorney- 
 general of Michigan 1861 and 1862; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Michigan to the Thirty-eighth, 
 Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Congresses as a Repulj- 
 lican. 
 
 TJpson, William H., was Imrnat Worthington, 
 Franklin County, Ohio, January 11, 1823; received 
 a classical education, and in 1.842 graduated from 
 Western Reserve College; studied law, and began 
 practice at Akron, (»hi<j; State senator 1854-.55; 
 elected a Representative from Ohio to the Forty- 
 first and Forty-second Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 TJpton, Charles Horace, was born at Belfast, 
 Me., August 23. 1812; moved to Falls Church, Va. ; 
 held .sexeral local ofiices; elected a Representative 
 from Virginia to the Thirty-seventh Congress as a 
 Republican: died at Geneva, Switzerland, June 17, 
 1877. 
 
 TJrner, Milton G. , of Frederick, Md., was born 
 in Liberty District, Frederick County, Md., July 
 29, 1839; spent his boyliood upon his father's farm"; 
 educated in the conmion schools and at Free- 
 land Seminary, ilontgomery County, Pa., and 
 Dickinson Seminary, Williamsport, Pa.; taught 
 school; studied law, and adnntted to the bar in 
 1863; elected State attorney for his native county 
 in 1871, serving four years; Reimblican Presiden- 
 tial elector at large for ^Maryland in 1876; elected 
 to the Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses 
 as a Republican. 
 
 Vail, George, was born in Morristown, N. J., 
 July 21, 1809; received a liberal education; manu- 
 facturer of telegraph instruments; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New Jersey to the Thirty-third and 
 Thirty-fourth Congresses" as a Democrat: consul 
 at Glasgow; died at Morristown, N. J., iMav 23, 
 1875. 
 
 Vail, Henry, wasanativeof New York; elected 
 a Representative from New York to tlie Twenty- 
 fifth Congress as a Democrat; died at Trov, N. Y., 
 June 25, 1833. 
 
 Valentine, Edward K., of West Point, Xebr., 
 was born at Keasauqua, "\'an Buren Comity, Iowa, 
 June 1 , 1843 ; received a common schoi >1 eiliication ; 
 learned the printer's trade, and worked at the 
 same until the breaking out of the war in 1861; 
 enlisted in the Sixty-seventh Illinois Infantry; 
 promoted to second lieutenant, and honorably dis- 
 charged; in the spring of 1863 reenlisted as a pri- 
 vate in the Seventh "lowa Cavalry: promoted to 
 adjutant of the regiment, an<l served until June, 
 1866, having lieen twice brevetted for "eflicient 
 and meritorious services;" located in Nebraska in 
 1866; apiioiiited register of the United States land 
 
854 
 
 (H)NORKSSIONAI, DlKKl ToKY. 
 
 (illici' at Oinulia in ISIill; stiulii'd law, admitlol In 
 the bar, ami t'li^ra^cil in )ira('ti>v until tli<> tall of 
 ISTS, when clcclfd jnil);eiif llu'i<ixlli jmlicial ilis- 
 trift, ."orvinj; an sncli luitil clccteil to tlu' Korly- 
 .sixth ('ontircKs as a Hc|>nlili<-an: ivi'lcctcd ti> tin- 
 Fi>rtv-scvfnlli and Fnrly-i'ifilitli ( 'onifivtiW!'. 
 
 Valic, William W. , wa.i a native of Smith 
 Carolina; moved to Khishinj;, N. Y.; held several 
 loeal ofjiees; eleeteil a Uepre.sentative from New 
 York totheThirty-fourtht'onfrresf asanAmeriean. 
 
 Vallandig^ham, Clement L., was Imrn at 
 New l.islion. Ohio, .Inly L'!i, ISL'd; receivi'd a ilas- 
 sieal ediuatiiin; moved to Maryland, ami for two 
 years the jireceiitor of an academy at Snow ]Iill; 
 returned to Ohio in 18-10; studied law, and in IS-ll' 
 began iiracticeat Hayton, Ohio; edite<l the haily 
 Emiiire ls47-IS4it; clelegate to the national Hein- 
 oeratii- eonveiition at Cimiimati in IS.'iti; tOeeted a 
 Reiiresetitative from Ohio to the Thirty-liflh Con- 
 gress (after a suriessful roiitest of the election of 
 Lewis |). Caniphell) as a Democrat; airain eleeteil 
 to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh t'ongre.-'ses; 
 defeated for the Thirty-eighth Congrt'ss hy K. C. 
 Schenck, Kepnhlican; arrested hy the Cnion mil- 
 itary authorities in ISliU for treasonahle utterances 
 and haiiished to the Confederate States; went 
 from Wilmington to J5ermuila and thence to Can- 
 ada, where he remaineil until after the war; iluring 
 his exile was di'feated as the l)eino<ratic candidate 
 for governor of Ohio; delegate from Ohio to the 
 national i)emocratic convention at Chicago in lSt)4 
 and in Xew York in 18()8; died at lx;l)anon, Ohio, 
 June 17, 1X71. 
 
 Van Aernam, Henry, was horn at Marcellus, 
 N. Y., March 11, ISllt; receiveil an academic etlu- 
 eation; studied medicine at the (ieneva aniMA'il- 
 loughhy Meilical colleges; hy profession a l>hy- 
 siciait and surgeon; memtx'r of the legislature Iif 
 the State of New York in l.SoS; surgeon in the 
 Cnion Volunteer Army 18t)2-lSt)4; Representa- 
 tive from Xew Y'ork to the Thirty-ninth ami Kor- 
 tieth Congresses; Connnissioner of IVusions IStiil- 
 1871; elected totlie Forty-sixth an.l Forty-seventh 
 Congresses i»s a Kepnhlican; resumeii the practice 
 of his profession at Franklinville, N. Y'. ; died June 
 1, 1894. 
 
 Van Allen, James ft., was a native of Rensse- 
 laer County, N. Y.; attended the juihlic schools: 
 member of the State hou.>ie of representatives in 
 1804; elected a Representative from New Y'ork to 
 the Tenth Coniiress. 
 
 Van Allen, John E., was a native of Rensse- 
 laer County. N.Y.; receiveil a liU-ral education; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Thiril. Fourth, and Fifth Congresses; State repre- 
 sentative 1800-1801. 
 
 Van Alstyne, Thomas J., of Albany. N. Y'.. 
 was born at Richmonilvillc. .S-hoharie County. 
 K. Y'., July 2.1, 1827; educated in the coiniuon 
 s<'hool of the village, anil at Moravia Acailemy. 
 Ilartwick Seminary, and Hamilton College, grad- 
 uating in 1848; studied law at Albany, and admit- 
 feil to practice in I.84!t; county judge of Albany 
 Comity; eleeteil to the Forty-eighth Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Van Auken, Daniel If., was Ixirn in Pike 
 Coimty, I'a., January l."i. ISL'ii; received acla.«sical 
 education; studied law and begiui practice at Mil- 
 ford, Pa.; prosecuting attorney lor I'ike County. 
 ]8,5.">- 1.850; elected a Representative from I'emisyl- 
 vania to the Fortieth and Forty-lirst Cougres.-H'.-'as 
 a I)einucrat. 
 
 Van Bureu, John, «as a native of lister 
 County, N. Y.; re<-eived a liberal eilucation; 
 studied law and began practice at Kingston, N. Y.; 
 held several local oltices; electiil a Repre.»entative 
 from New York to the Twenty-seventh Congrc-^s 
 as a Democrat; died at Kinuslon, N. Y., Jamiarv 
 111, 18.'>5. 
 
 Van Buren, Martin, was iHirn at KInderhook. 
 N. Y., DecemlKT ."). 1782; received a lilx'ral eilu- 
 cation; studied law. and in 180:{ l>egan practice at 
 Kimlerhook; moved to Hudson in 181X1; State 
 senator 18i:i-1.820; attornev-geueral of the State 
 of New Y'ork 181.")-1810; delegate to the Stateeon- 
 slitutional coiivcntion in 1821; elected a I'nited 
 .states Senator from New York as a Democrat, 
 serving from 1,^21 to 1828, when he resigned to be- 
 come governor of New Y'ork; resigned .March 12, 
 1821t, to become Secretary of State of the I'nited 
 .States, and resigned August I, 1.8;jl, ha\ing Ih-cii 
 apiiointed minister to (ireat Hrilain, but the .^en- 
 ate rejected t he nomination; elected Vice-President 
 in 18;{2; elected President of the I'nited .states in 
 1830; defeated as the Democratic candidate in 
 1840 for reelection; the antislavery camlidate for 
 President in 1848; died at Kinderhook, N, Y'., 
 .Inly 24, 181)2. 
 
 Van Cortlandt, Philip, was l)orn at Corllandt 
 
 Manor, NY. .September 1, 1749; received a classical 
 education; became a civil engineer: served in the 
 Revolutionary Army and mustered out of the 
 service as brigadier-general; delegate to the State 
 oonvention which adopted the Federal Constitu- 
 tion in 1788; .-erved several years in both branches 
 of the State legislature: elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Third. Fourth, Fifth. Sixth, 
 ."seventh, Kighth, Ninth, and Tenth' Congre.s.s»'s : 
 died at Cortlandt Manor, N. Y'., November 5, 18.S1. 
 
 Van Cortlandt, Pierre, was born at Cortlandt 
 Manor, N. Y.. .\ugust 20. 1762; received a com- 
 mon school eihication; State representative I7Vt:{- 
 179.S; elected a Representative trom New York to 
 the Twelfth Congress as a Democrat; died at Cort- 
 landt Manor. N. Y',, in July, 1.S48. 
 
 Van Dyke, John, was born at Leamington, 
 N. J., .\pril 3, 1.807; received a liberal education; 
 studied law and began j^ractice at New Prunswick; 
 mayorof New Brunswick: electiila Rei>re.«entative 
 from New Jersev to the Thirtieth Congress as a 
 Whig; reelecteci to the Thirty-first Congress: 
 judge of the New Jereey supreme court; diinl at 
 Wabasha. Minn., Deceml>er 24. 1878. 
 
 Van Dyke, Nicholas, was lx>rn in Newcastle 
 County. Del.. September 2.'i, 1738; elected a Dele- 
 gate from Delaware to the (Continental Congrt'.is 
 1777-17.82; died in Newcastle Couiitv. Del.. Feb- 
 ruary 10, 1780. 
 
 Van Dyke, Nicholas, was born at Newcastle, 
 Del., December 20. 17()9; graduated from Prhiceton 
 College in 1788; held several local othces; elet'ttnl 
 a Representative from Delaware to the Tenth and 
 F.leventh Congresses: electi-d a I'liited Stales Sen- 
 ator from Delaware, .serving from Deceml)er 1, 
 1817. to Mav. 21, 1826, when be died, at New- 
 castle, Del. 
 
 Van Eaton, Henry 8., was born in Hamilton 
 County, ( >hio. Septemlier 14, 1.821); graduated from 
 Illinois College; moved to WoiKlville. Mi.ss.. in 
 1.848, where he taught school and studiwi law; 
 elected district attorney in 1,8.')8. and to the State 
 legislature in 1.8.")9: served on the Conf(><lerale side; 
 n-sumed the iiracliceof law; api>oiated cbaiicellur 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 855 
 
 of the tenth Mississippi district in 1880; elected to 
 the Fortv-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses as a 
 Democrat; died May 30, 1898. 
 
 Van Gaasbeck, Peter, was born in Ulster 
 County, N. Y.: elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Third Congress. 
 
 Van Horn, Burt, was born at Xewfane, N. Y., 
 October 28, 1823; farmer; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; niendjer of the State house of repre.scntative.s 
 1858-1860; elected a Representative from New York 
 to the Thirty-seventh, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth 
 Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Van Horn, George, of Cooperstown, N. Y., 
 was l.»orn in CHsegu County, N. Y., February 5, 
 1850; educated in the common schools, the Coop- 
 erstown Seminary, and the New Berlin Academy; 
 studied law and admitted to the Ijar in February, 
 1871 ; elected clerk i if the county of Otsego in 1881, 
 and reelected iu 1884; twice elected supervisor of 
 Otsegi:); memlier of the Democratic county com- 
 mittee; elected to the Fifty-second Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Van Horn, R. T., of Kansas City, Mo., was 
 born at East ^hihoning, Indiana County, Pa., 
 May 19, 1824; attended the ordinary schools; at 
 15 years of age entered the office of the Indiana 
 (Pa.) Register, serving four years as an apprentice; 
 moved to Ohio in 1844, and to Missouri in 1855, 
 where he established the Kansas City Jom-nal; 
 elected mayor of that city as the Union candidate 
 in 1861, and again in 1865; served during the war 
 as an officer of the Twenty-tifth Missouri Infantry; 
 elected to the Missouri senate in 1862; elected to 
 the Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, and Forty-tirst Con- 
 gresses; collector of internal revenue of the Sixth 
 district of Mis.souri 1875-1881; delegate to the 
 Republican national conventions of 1864, 1868, 
 1872, 1876, and 1880; elected to the Forty-seventh 
 Congress as a Republican; elected to the Fifty- 
 fourth Congress (being seated after a cnutest in 
 place of J. C. Tarsney ). 
 
 Van Home, Archibald, was elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Maryland to the Tenth and Elev- 
 enth Congresses. 
 
 Van Home, Espy, was born in Lycoming 
 County, Pa.: elected a Representative from Penn- 
 sylvania to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Con- 
 gresses; died at AVilliamsport, Pa., June 25, 1829. 
 
 Van Home. Isaac, was a native of Pennsyl- 
 vania; served in the Revolutionary Army; elected 
 a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Sev- 
 enth and Eighth Congresses; receiver of public 
 moneys at Zanesville. Ohio. 
 
 Van Houton, Isaac B., was a native of Rock- 
 land County, N. Y'.; elected a Representative from 
 New Y^ork to the Twenty-third Congress as a 
 Peiiincrat; ilied at Clarkestown, N. Y. 
 
 Van Ness, John P. , was born at Ghent, N. Y., 
 in 1770; received a liberal education; studied law, 
 and admitted to the bar, but never practiced; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Seventh Congress as a Democrat; lost his seat in 
 Congress by accepting the position as major of the 
 militia of the District of Cuhnnhia, January 17, 
 1803; elected mayor of Washington, D. C. ; held 
 several local positions; died at Washington, D. C., 
 March 7, 1847. 
 
 Van Rensselaer, Henry, was born at Albanv, 
 N. Y., in IKH); graduated from West Point Mili- 
 tary Academy in 1831; commissioned brevet sec- 
 ond lieutenant of the Fifth United States Infantry, 
 
 July 1, 1831, and resigned .Tanuary 27, 1832; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Twenty-seventh Congress as a Whig; served in the 
 Union Army as a colonel; died at Cincinnati, Ohio, 
 March 23, 1864. 
 
 Van Rensselaer, Jeremiah, was born in New 
 Ydik in 1741; ijraduated from Princeton College 
 in 1758: took an active interest in the Revolution- 
 ary war; elected a Representative from New York 
 to the First Congress; Presidential elector in 1801; 
 lieutenant-governor of New York 1801-1804; died 
 at Albany, N. Y., February 22, 1810. 
 
 Van Rensselaer, Killian K., was born in 
 Rens.selaer County, N. Y., in 1763; received a lib- 
 eral education; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Seventh Congress as a Democrat; re- 
 elected to the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh 
 Congresses; died at Albany, N. Y., June 18, 1845. 
 
 Van Rensselaer, Solomon, was bom in Rens- 
 selaerCounty, N. Y., August 6, 1774; received a lib- 
 eral Eny;lish education ; entered the United States 
 Army; promoted to be cajitain; again promoted to 
 be major January 8, 1 799, and mustered out in June, 
 1800; adjutant-general of New York in 1801, 1810, 
 and 1813; served in the war of 1812 as lieutenant- 
 colonel of New York V'ohmteers; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New York to the Sixteenth 
 Congress as a Federalist; reelected t(i the Seven- 
 teenth Congress, serving from December 6, 1819, 
 to January 14, 1822, when he resigned to become 
 postmaster at Albany; died near Albany, April 
 23, 1852. 
 
 Van Rensselaer, Stephen, was born at New 
 York, November 1, 1765; graduated from Harvard 
 College in 1782; served in the State senate 1791- 
 1795; lieutenant-governorof New York 179.5-1801; 
 major-general of volunteers in the war of 1812; 
 member of the canal commission 1816-1839, serv- 
 ing fourteen years as its president; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from New York to the Seventeenth 
 Congress (vice Solomon Van Rensselaer, resigned) 
 as an Adams man; reelected to the Eighteenth, 
 Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses; died at 
 Albany, N. Y., January 26, 1839. 
 
 Van Schaick, Isaac W. , was born at Cossackie, 
 Greene County, N. Y., December 7, 1817; received 
 such an education as the common schools afforded; 
 engaged in the manufacture of flour; tilled various 
 local offices in his native State; moved to Wiscon- 
 sin in 1861; elected to the Milwaukee connnon 
 council in 1871; elected to the Wisconsin assembly 
 1872-1874; elected to the Wisconsin senate 1877-78, 
 1879-80, and 1881-82; elected to the Forty-ninth 
 and Fift\'-lirst Congresses as a Republican; died 
 -lugust 22, 1901. 
 
 Van Trump, Philadelph, was born at Lan- 
 caster, Ohio, November 15, 1810; received a lim- 
 ited education; learned the art of printing; became 
 editor of the Lancaster Gazette and Enquirer; 
 delegate to the national Whig convention in 1852; 
 president of the Bell and Everett State convention 
 in 1860; judge of the court of common pleas 1862- 
 1866; elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
 Fortieth, Fi^rty-first, and Forty-second Congresses 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Van Valkenburg, Robert B., was born in 
 
 Steuben County, N. Y., September 4, 1821 ; received 
 a liberal education; studied law. ami began jirac- 
 ticing at Bath, N. Y'. ; member of the State house 
 of representatives 1852, 1857, and 18.58; organized 
 seventeen regiments for the civil war; elected a 
 
856 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTORY. 
 
 Representative from New York to the Tliirtv- 
 wvciitli and Thirty-i'iiilitli ('iinj.'i<sscs :l^' ii l\i'|nil>- 
 licaii; lonk tin' lii'M a.< inluiicl nf tlu' < liic 1iiim(Ii(m1 
 anil sivfiilh Hi'yiiiieiit nf New Ymk Vohiiili't-rf, 
 and was its cDiMiiiaiulcr at tlic liatllc ni Aiitietani; 
 iiiini.slcr tn Japan lS(i(>-l!<u;i; died at !?ii\vam'0 
 Springs, Fla., August 2, 1888. 
 
 Van Voorhis, Henry Clay, of Z-anopvillc. 
 Oliid, was liiirn in I.ii-kinir Tnwnsliip, Mnskintiuin 
 t'liiinly. Oliiii. May II, \s:vj; I'dnralcd in thi' pnlilic 
 BcliiHils and at lii'nison rnivcrsity ; adniitti'd tu 
 the liar in ls74; dflt'tratc tn the Ki'pnlili( an natiimal 
 fdiivcntiiin al Chiiagci in lss4; eli'c-tfd tullu- Kifty- 
 tliird, iMl'ty-fourtli, Kifty-liftli, Kilty-sixtli. Fifty- 
 seventh, and i'ifty-uiglith Congresses as a Kcpuli- 
 lican. 
 
 Van Voorhis, John, of Rorhoster, X. Y., was 
 born at Decatnr, Otsiv'o County, N. Y., Octolier 22, 
 182,S; liruuglit up on a farm and received an aea- 
 deniie education; studied and practiced law at 
 Rochester; inend)er of tlie board (vt education in 
 1857, and city attorney in 18.ii); a|ipointe<l collector 
 of internal rcvenuein bst)2; nieinlier of tlie national 
 Kepublican conventinn at Baltimore in lSli4; 
 elected to tlie Forty-sixth Congress as a Republi- 
 can, and elected tn tlie Forty-seventh and Fifty- 
 third Congres.ses; rcsuiucd the pratticu of law at 
 Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Van Vorhes, Nelson H.. was horn in Wash- 
 ingtnn County. I'a., .Tainmry L'.'-!. 1S22; moved in 
 18S2to AthensCnunty.Ohio; fanner: an ai>prentice 
 to a printer for six y\'ars; engaired in publishing a 
 newspaper for a number of years; mcmluMnf the 
 Htate house of representatives 18.50-1872; served 
 four years as speaker of the house; elected probate 
 judge in 1S54. but soon resigned; defeated in 18.58 
 as a Whig candidate for Congress; delegate to the 
 natii>nal Republican convention at Chicago in IStiO; 
 cntere<l the Union .\rmy as a private in IStil. and 
 niustereil out as colonel; elected a Keprescntative 
 from Ohio to the Forty-fourth and Forty-tifth 
 Congresses. 
 
 Van Winkle, Peter G. , was born at Xew Y'ork 
 Citv, Septendier 7, 1S08; received a liberal educa- 
 tiirii; studied law, and in 18:^5 Viegan (iracticing at 
 Parkersburg, \V. Va.; became treasurer and later 
 presiiient of a railroad comiiany in 1.S52; mem- 
 )ier of the State constilutional convention in 1850; 
 mendier of the Wheeling reorganization conven- 
 tion in 18til; member of (he State constitutional 
 convention which framed the constitution of AVest 
 Virginia; served in the State house of reinesenta- 
 tives in I8t>:i; elected a Cnited States Senator from 
 West Virginia as a Cnion man 18ti:i-18(jy; died at 
 I'arkersburg, W. Va., Aiiril 15, 1872. 
 
 Van Wyck, Charles H., was born at Fough- 
 keei'sie, N. \'.. May 10, 1824; gniiluate<t from Rut- 
 gers College, New.Iersey; stuilied anil practiced 
 law; district attorney of Sullivan Countv from 18.50 
 to ls.5(i; entered the Cniiin Arinyas colonel of the 
 Tenth Legion, or Fifty-sixth New York Volun- 
 teers, and conmiandcd" it during the war of the 
 rebelliipn. rcci'iving the rank of brigadier-general; 
 elected to the Thirty-sixth, Thirty-seveidh. For- 
 tieth, and Forty-lirs't Congres.ses; moveil to Ne- 
 l)raska in 1S74; delegate to the constitutional con- 
 vention in lH7li; member of the State senali' 187(>- 
 18S0: elected to the Cnited States Semite as a 
 Republican for the term 1881-1887; defeated as 
 the I'opulist candidate for governor of Nebra-ska 
 in ls!J2; died at Washington, D. C, Uctolx-r 24. 
 1895. 
 
 Van Wyck, William W., was born in jiutch- 
 ess County, N. Y.; elected a Kepresentntive from 
 New Yorii to the Seventeenth and Eighleeiith 
 Congre.sses as a Democrat. 
 
 Vance, John, was a native of Pennsylvania; 
 moved to Urbana, Ohio; elected a Representative 
 from Ohio fo the .Seventeenth Congres". 
 
 Vance, John L., was born at tialliiiolis. Ohio, 
 ,Iuly lit, l.s:!'.i; received a jiublic .school education; 
 studied law and bei;an practi<-eal CalliiMilis, ( Miio; 
 enlisted in the I'nion .\rmy in bsiil and served as 
 captain, and in Uecember, l.S(;4, musten-d out of 
 the service as c<inimandant of his regiment; dele- 
 gate to the national Democratic i-onvention at 
 Baltimore in 1S72; established the (iailipolis Bul- 
 letin in 181)7; elected a He|ire.sentative from Ohio 
 to the Forty-fourth Congresti as a Democrat, and 
 defeated fur reelection. 
 
 Vance, Joseph, was born in Washington 
 County, Pa., .March 21, 178(); received a common 
 school education; merchant; moved to Crbana, 
 Ohio; served several years as a mendier of the 
 .State lKiu.se of representatives; delegate to the 
 State constitutional convention in 1820; electeil a 
 Representative from ( thio to the Fighteentli. Nine- 
 teenth, Twentieth, Twenty-tirst, Twenty-second, 
 and Twenty-thinl Cougre.s.ses as a Democrat; gov- 
 ernor of Ohio in 18:iti; elected to the Twenty- 
 eighth Congress as a Whig; reelected to the 
 Twenty-ninth Con;;ress; delegate to the national 
 Whig convention of 1548; died ucar Lrbana, Ohio, 
 August 24, 1S52. 
 
 Vance, Robert B., was a native of Buncombe 
 County, N. C.; moved to Njisliville. Nash County, 
 N. C; attended the common si'hools; held several 
 local positions; elei'ted a Representative from 
 North Carolina to the Eighteenth Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Vance. Robert Brank, wa-o hnrn in Bunromlie 
 County, N. C. Ajiril 24, 1828; educated in English 
 studies only in the ordinary schools of the coun- 
 try; farmer; clerk ol the court of pleas and ipiar- 
 ter .sessions from 1S4S to l.'^5(); elected captain of a 
 company in the Ci>nfederate service in l.Mil; twice 
 electe(l colonel of the Twenty-ninth North Caro- 
 lina Regiment, and appointed brigailicr-general in 
 18G3; elected a Representative from North Caro- 
 lina to the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, Forty-tifth, 
 Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, ami Forty-eighth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; died in 18!i!l. 
 
 Vance, Robert J., was born at New York City 
 March 15. ls.54. of Scotch jiarents; educated in 
 the connnon schools of New York City and in the 
 New Britain high .schools; editor by profession; 
 city clerk of New Britain from 1878 to 1SS7. when 
 he resigned; member of the Comiecticut legis- 
 lature in 18.St); member of the Democratic State 
 connnittee; elected to the Fiftieth Congress as a 
 Democrat; engaged in newspaper work and he- 
 came eilitor of the New Britain Herald: died in 
 June, 1!K»2. 
 
 Vance. Zebulon B., was born in Binieomlie 
 County. N. C., May i:i, 18:{0; educated at Wash- 
 ington College, Temie.ssee, and at the Cniversity 
 <jf North Carolina; studieil law; ailniittcd to the 
 bar in Jamiary, 18.52, and elected county attorney 
 for Biuieondie County; member of the State 
 liouse of connnons in 1S54; Representative from 
 North Carolina to the Thirty-lilth and Thirty- 
 sixth Congresses; entered the Confederate army as 
 captain in Mny. bstil.aml made i-olouel in .\ugust, 
 IbGl; elected governoruf North Carolina in August, 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 857 
 
 1862, and reeleoted in August, 1864; elected to the 
 United States Senate in November, 1870, liut was 
 refused admission, and resigned in January, 18/2; 
 Democratic nominee for the United States Senate 
 in 1872, but was defeated; again elected governor 
 of North Carolina in 1876; elected to the United 
 States Senate as a Democrat in place of A. S. Mer- 
 rimon, l)emocrat, and took his seat March 18, 1879; 
 reelected in 1884 and in 1890, serving until his 
 death, April 14, 1894. 
 
 Vanderpoel, Aaron, was born at Kinderhook, 
 N. Y., Februarj- 5, 1799; received a clas^sical edu- 
 cation; studied law, and liegan practice at Kinder- 
 hook in 1820; State representative 1826-18;-!0; 
 elected a Kepresentative from New York to the 
 Twenty-third Congress as a Democrat; reelected 
 to the Twentv-fourth Congress, defeated for the 
 Twenty-fifth, 'and elected to the Twenty-sixth 
 Congress; died at New York City, July 18, 1871. 
 
 Vanderveer, Abraham, was born in Kings 
 Count}', N. \., in 1781; receiveda common school 
 education; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Twentv-tifth Congress as a Democrat; 
 (lied at Brooklyn, N. Y., July 21, 1839. 
 
 Vandever, William, was a native of Maryland; 
 attended the pulilic schools; moved to Iowa and 
 located at Dubuque; elected a Representative from 
 Iowa tci the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Con- 
 gresses as a Kejiublican. 
 
 Vandever, William, was born at Baltimore, 
 Md., March 81, 1817; received a common school 
 and academic education; moved to Illinois in 18:i'i9, 
 to Io\\a in 1851, and to California in 1884; lawyer 
 by profession; elected a Representative to Con- 
 gress from Iowa in 1858, and reelected in 1860; 
 upon the breaking out of the reljellion in 1861, left 
 hia seat in Congress and entered the Union Army 
 as colonel of the Ninth Regiment Iowa Infantry;" 
 pn imoted to brigadier-general of volunteers in 1 862, 
 and brevetted a major-general in 1865; appointed 
 Ijy President Grant an Indian inspector in 1873 
 and served four years; elected to the Fiftieth and 
 Fiftv-first Congresses as a Republican; died in 
 July, 1893. 
 
 Vandiver, Willard Duncan, of Cajie Girar- 
 deau, Mo., was Ijorn in Hardy County, Va. (now- 
 West Virginia), ilarch 30, 1854; educated in the 
 common schools and at Central College, Fayette, 
 Mo.; his early days were spent on the farm, but 
 after graduation he was elected professor of natural 
 science in Bellevue Institute, and three years later 
 became its president; accepted the chair of scieiu'e 
 in the State Normal School at Cape Girardeau 
 in 1889, and in 1893 became its president; elected 
 to the Fifty-tifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and 
 Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Vanmeter, John J., was a native nf Ohio; 
 elected a Representative from that State to the 
 Twenty-eighth Congress as a AVhig. 
 
 Vansant, Joshua, was born at Baltimore, Md., 
 in 1804; received a liberal education; postmaster 
 in Baltimore 1839-1841; member of the State house 
 of representatives in 1845; elected a Re[iresenta- 
 tiVe from Maryland to the Thirty-third Congress 
 as a Democrat; member of the State constitutional 
 convention: mayorof Baltimore in 1871, and again 
 in 1873; appointed city comptroller of Baltimore 
 in 1876. 
 
 Varnum, James Mitchell, was liorn at Dracut, 
 Mass., December 17, 1748; gra<luated from Rhode 
 Islanii College in 1769; studied law, and began 
 practicing at East Greenwich, R. I. ; served in the 
 
 Revolutionarj' Army; elected a I'elegate from 
 Rhode Island to the Continental Congress 1780- 
 1782 and 1786-87; appointed a judge of the United 
 States court in the Northwest Territory; moved to 
 Marietta, Ohio, in 1788, and died there Januarv 
 10, 1789. 
 
 Varnum, John, was born in l'>sex County, 
 Mass., in 1783; graduated from Harvard College; 
 studied law, and began practicing at Haverhill, 
 Mass. ; elected a Representative from ilassachu- 
 setts to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty- 
 tirst Congresses; moved to Niles, Midi., where he 
 died July 23, 1836. 
 
 Varnum, Joseph Bradley, was born at Dra- 
 cut, Mass., January 29 1750; received a liberal 
 education; served in Revolutionary war; served 
 in both branches of the State legislature; elected a 
 Rei>resentative from Massachusetts to the Fourth, 
 Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, F;ightli, Ninth, Tenth, and 
 Eleventh Congresses; served two terms as Speaker 
 of the House; elected a United States Senator from 
 Massachusetts 1811-1817; delegate to the State 
 con,«titutional convention of 1820; died September 
 21, 1821. 
 
 Vaughau, William W. , was elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Tennessee to the Forty-second 
 Congress as a Democrat; died at Memphis, Tenn., 
 August 19, 1878. 
 
 Vaux, Richard, was born at Philadelphia, Pa., 
 Deceml)er 19, 1816; erlucated 1:)\- ]irivate tutors; 
 read law; secretary of legation mulerllnn. Andrew 
 Stevenson, United States minister at Londi in; ap- 
 pointed recorder of the city of Philadeljihia in 
 1842; elected mayorof Philadelphia in 1856; head 
 of the Democratic electoral ticket of Pennsylvania 
 three times; nominated for Congressman in 1858; 
 president of the board of directors of Girard Col- 
 lege; president of the board of inspectors of the 
 Eastern State Penitentiary of Philadelphia; elected 
 to fill the unexpired term of Samuel J. Randall, 
 deceased, in the Fiftv-first Congress, as a Demo- 
 crat; died :\Iarch 22, 1895. 
 
 Veeder, William D., was born at Guilderland, 
 Albany County, N. Y., May 19, 1835; received a 
 liberal education; studied law, and liegan practice 
 at Brooklyn in 1858; served in the State assembly 
 1865-66; delegate to the Democratic State con- 
 vention in 1875 and 1877; member of the New 
 York State constitutional convention 1867-68; 
 surrogate of Kings County, N. Y., 1867-1877; 
 elected a Representative from New York ti> the 
 Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Vehslage, John H. G., of New York, N. Y., 
 was born at New York City on December 20, 1842; 
 received a puVilic school education; entered the 
 coal and wood business in 1865; joined tlie Third 
 Cavalry, New York National Guanl, in 1863, and 
 was commissioned captain February 15, 1864; ap- 
 [lointed captain, and continued in service until 
 1880; member of assembly; elected to the Fifty- 
 I fifth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Venable, Abraham B., was born in Prince 
 i Edward County, Va., in 1760; graduated from 
 I Princeton College in 1780; elected a Representa- 
 ; tive from Virginia to the Second, Third, Fourth, 
 and Fifth Congresses; elected a I'nited States Sen- 
 ator from ^'irginia (vice S. T. Mason, deceased), 
 serving from December 13, 1803, to June 7, 1804, 
 when he resigned; died at Richmond, Va., De- 
 cember 26, 1811. 
 
 Venable, Abraham Watkins, was born in 
 Prince Edward Count}-, \'a., October 17, 1799; 
 
858 
 
 (X)NtiRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 jfraduatoil lioiii lliuni«len-Sidney College in ISKi; 
 ^itUlliell inetliciiie, aiiil 'jrailiiatol from I'rinceloii 
 C"olle;re in ISIS; stuilieil law, ami Uyan iirai'tiee 
 in ISL'l: rrcsiilential tloitor in ls:iL' and IS.iti; 
 elected a KeiireiJentatlve I'loni Xorth Carolina to 
 the Thirtieth, Thirty-lirst, and Thirty-second Ci>n- 
 Kri-.s-ie."; I'resideiitial elei-tor in ISliO on the Kreck- 
 inriil^e and l.anc ticket; delefiate from Nortli 
 Carolina to the Provisional Confeilerate Conjfress 
 in IStil; died at Oxford, >.'. C, Kehrnary i;4, 187(i. 
 
 Venable, Edward Carrin^on, of Petersburg, 
 Va., was liorn in Prince Kdward County, \h.. 
 .lannary :>1, IS."),!; educated at McCahe's I'niver- 
 sily Ilij,:!! School, in IVtcrsUnrj;, and at the I'ni- 
 versity of Vii-ginia; tanirht school lor three years; 
 settled in Petersburg in ISTiJ; mannfa<tiirer of to- 
 bacco; niend>er of the Democratic State central 
 committee and of the Democratic executive com- 
 mittee of Virj.'inia; claimed to have been elected 
 to the Kilty-lirst Conjjresaasa Democrat over Prof. 
 John Mercer l.aufrston, lndei>endent Ke]mblican; 
 his seat was contested by l-anpston, and he wa.s 
 unseated Sejitendier L'o, ISitO. 
 
 Verplanck, Daniel C, was born in Dutchi-ss 
 County, X. Y., in ITtil; resided at Kishkill, where 
 he received a liberal education; studied law ami 
 |)racticed; elected a Kepresentativc from New 
 York to the Kif;hlh. Ninth, ami Tenth Conijres.-'es; 
 judge of the court of common jileas 1S28-1S30; 
 died near Fishkill, X. Y., March 29, IRW. 
 
 Verplanck, Gulian C, wa.s born in New York 
 Citv Aufrust li. ITSti; received a classical education 
 and in ISlll graduated from Cohunbia College; 
 stndii'd law and admitted to the bar; mendierof the 
 State house of rf|ircseutatives ISL'O-l.Sl'i'; elected a 
 Hepresentative from Xew York to tlic Xinetrenth, 
 Twentieth, Twenty-tirst, and Twenty-second Coii- 
 gre.^ses as a Democrat; defeated as a Whig candi- 
 date for mavor of Xew York Citv in 1SS4: meni- 
 l>er of the State senate 1838-1841 : dii'd at New- 
 York City March 18, 1870. 
 
 "Verree, John P., was born at I'hiladeljihia, 
 I'a., in isl!); received a liberal education; iron 
 manufacturer; mend)er of the Philadelphia city 
 council for six years; ele<'ted a liepre.'<eutative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty- 
 seventh Congresses as a Heiiublican. 
 
 Vest, George Graham, of Kansas City, Mo., 
 was born at Krankfort. Ky.. Dec»>mber ti, 18.30; 
 graduated from Centre College, Kentucky, in 1S4S, 
 ami the law department of the Transylvania I'ni- 
 versity, at Lexington, Ky., in l.Sn:!; moved the 
 same year to Missouri, and began the practice of 
 law ill central Mis.-onri; Presidential elector on the 
 Democratic ticket in ISiiO; meiuln'r of the Missouri 
 house of representatives ISfiO-tU; member of the 
 House of Kepre.-Jentatives of the Confeilerate Con- 
 gre.«s for t\»d vears and a member of the Confed- 
 erate Si'uate ^ir one year; elected to the rniteil 
 States Senate as a Democrat, in the placi-of .lames 
 Shielils, Democrat I who had been electiMl to till 
 the vai'ancy caused by the death of Ix'wis V. 15ogy, 
 Democrat t. and took his seat March bs, is"!'; re- 
 elected in 188.5, 1891. and 1897, ."erving until March ■ 
 3. 19(13. 
 
 Vibbard, Chauncey, was ix)rn November 11, 
 isll, at (ialway. Saratoga County, N. Y.: received 
 a limite<l eilncaliou: became a railroad freight and 
 ticket anent, subsequently snperintendent of the 
 Xew York Central Uailroail; elei'ti'd a Hepresent- 
 alive from Xew York to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
 gress as a DemoiTat ; died June 6, 1891. 
 
 Vickers, Oeor^e, was born in Che.«tertown 
 Md., Novend)er 19, 1S(»1; received a lilx-ral iiluca- 
 tion; studieil law, an<l in 1.S32 In-giui practice; dele- 
 gale to the Whig national convention at ISaltimore 
 in IS.')l'; niajor-g<neral of the State militia in bstil; 
 Presidential elector in lsii4 on the McClellan 
 ticket; mendierof the State .■senate lStit>-<i7; elected 
 a United .States .Senator from Maryland as a Con- 
 servative Democrat (vice Phili|> Krjiucis Thoinai, 
 rejected), serving from March 9. l.StjS, to March 3, 
 1S73; <lied at (.'hestertowii, Md., October 8, 1879. 
 
 Vidal, Michael, wa.-s born in France; receiveil 
 a liberal education and emigrated to the Kepublic 
 of Texas; <lclcgate to the Louisiana .Stale constitu- 
 tional convention in ISliS; eli-cted a Kepresellta- 
 tivefrom Louisiana to the Kortieth Congre.-'S. 
 
 Viele, Egbert Ii., of Xew York Citv, wits luirn 
 at Waterford, .Siratoga County, X. V, ,lune 17, 
 IS2.T; received his early education at the Albany 
 Acailemy, .Vlbany, X. Y.; grailuated from the 
 United States Militjtry Acailemy, West I'oint, 
 .lune 17,1847; appointed lirevet second lieutenant 
 in the Second United Stales Infantry, and snbse- 
 quently .^ecoml and lii-st lieutenant in the First 
 United .'^tates Infantry; served in the Mexican 
 war and in cami>aigns against the Indians in the 
 Southwest vnitil l.s.i3, w hen he resigned and be- 
 came a v'ivil anil military engineer; appointed State 
 engineer of Xew ,lersey in IS.'m; appointe<l engi- 
 neer in chief of Central Park. Xew York, in l.'vot!; 
 appointed engineer of Prospect Park, Brooklyn, 
 in IStiO; ajjpointed captain of the engineer cor|>s 
 of the Seventh Xew York Kegiment in 1800; ai>- 
 poinled l)rigadier-general of Uidted ."states Yolun- 
 teers in lS(il; uulitary governor of Xorfolk, Va., 
 in 1,802; appointed president of the department of 
 puhlic jiarks in Xew York City in 1884; Fellow of 
 the Academy of .Sciences, Fellow of the American 
 Cieographical Society, Fellow of the National 
 .\cademy of Design; mend)erof the National As- 
 .sociation for the .Vdvancement of ."Sciences; the 
 author of mimerous papers on geography, Bi\nita- 
 tiou, and engineering; elected to the Forty-niuth 
 Congre,-i.« a.s a Democrat. 
 
 Vilas, William F. , of Madi.-on. Wis., was l)orn 
 at Chelsea, Orange County, Vt., ,Iuly 9. 1840; 
 moved with his father's family to Wisconsin, and 
 settled at Madison, , lune 4, IS.M; gr.iduated from 
 the Stall' University in 18.')S; from the law deimrt- 
 ment of the University of .\ll«iny, X. \'., in 1800; 
 admitted to the bar by the supreme court of Xew 
 York anil by the supreme court of Wisconsin in 
 the same year, and began the practice of law at 
 Madison. .Inly !•, 1800; cajitain of Company A, 
 Twenty-third Kegiment Wisconsin Infantry Vol- 
 untiers, and afterwaiils majorand lieutenant-i-olo- 
 nel of the regiment: professor of law of the law 
 department of the State miivei>ity; regent of the 
 university 1SK0-1S8."); one of three revisers ai>- 
 pointed by the supreme court of Wisconsin in 1875 
 who ])re|iared the existing revised Ixnly of the 
 statute law adopted in 1S7S; member of as.«end>ly 
 in the Wisconsin legislature in 18.S."); deh-gjite to 
 the Democratic national conventions of 1870, l.S,SO, 
 ISM, and |iermanent chairman of the latter; Posl- 
 master-(tencr:d from March 7, bs.s.i, to.Iamiary 10, 
 ISSS, and .S'crelary of the Interior to .March 0, 
 l.s,S9; elected .lanuary 28, 18!)1, United States .Sen- 
 ator a.s a Democrat for the term of 1891-1897; ed- 
 ited several Wisconsin Supreme Court Keports; 
 resumi-il the jiractice of law. 
 
 Vincent, William D., of Clay Center, Kans., 
 was born on a farm near Dresilen, Tenn., Octolter 
 II. 1852; moved with his [Mireuts to Kiley County, 
 
BIOGKAPHIES. 
 
 859 
 
 Kans., in 1S62; erlucated in the public schools and 
 in the State Agricultural College at Manhattan; 
 engaged in mercantile business at Clay Center; 
 electeil member of the city council in 1880; one of 
 the nominees ot the Greenljack party for Presi- 
 dential elector in 1884; member of the State board 
 of railrciad commissioners in 1893 and 1894; mem- 
 ber of the national committee of the People's 
 Partv: elected to the Fifty-fifth Congress as a 
 Populist. 
 
 Vining-, John, was born at Dover, Del., De- 
 cember 2:j, 1758; a Delegate from Delaware to the 
 Continental Congress 1784-1786; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Delaware to the First Congress; re- 
 elected to the Second Congress; elected a United 
 States Senator from Delaware from December 2, 
 1793, to March 6, 1798, when he resigned; died at 
 Dover, Del., in February, 1802. 
 
 Vinton, Samuel F. , was born at South Hadley, 
 Mass., September 2-5, 1792; graduated from Wil- 
 liams College, Massachusetts, in 1814; studied law, 
 and in 1816 began practice at Gallipolis, Ohio; 
 held several local offices; elected a Eejjresentative 
 from Ohio to the Eighteenth Congress as a Whig; 
 reelected to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty- 
 first, Twenty-second, Twenty-third, and Twenty- 
 fourth Congresses; Presidential elector on the 
 Harrison ticket; elected to the Twenty-eighth 
 Congress as a Whig; reelected to the Twenty- 
 ninth, Tliirtieth, and Thirty-first Congresses; ap- 
 pointed by President Lincoln in 1862 to appraise 
 the slaves emancipated in the District of Colum- 
 bia; died at Washington, D. C, May 11, 1862. 
 
 Voorhees, Charles Stewart, of Colfax, Wash., 
 was boni at Ci:>vington, Ind., June 4, 1853; gradu- 
 ated from Georgetown College, District of Colum- 
 bia, June 26, 1873; studied law and admitted to the 
 bar at Terre Haute, Ind., in 1875; reached Wash- 
 ington Territory April 6, 1882, locating at Colfax; 
 elected prosecuting attorney for Whitman County 
 November 4, 1882; elected to the Forty-ninth Con- 
 gi-ess as a Democrat; reelected to the Fiftieth 
 Congress. 
 
 Voorhees, Daniel W., was born in Butler 
 Ci.>unty, (Jhiij, September 26, 1827; graduated from 
 the Indiana Asbury Univei-sity in 1849: studied 
 law and commenced pr.actice in 1851; appointed 
 United States district attorney for Indiana in 1858. 
 and held the oifice for three vears; elected to 
 the Thirty-seventh, Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth 
 (in which his seat was successfully contested). 
 Forty-first, and Forty-second Congresses; defeated 
 as a Democratic candidate for the Forty-fifth Con- 
 grass; appointed to the United States Senate as a 
 Democrat, to fill the vacancy caused Ijy the death 
 of Oliver P. IMorton, Kepulilican; took his seat 
 November 12, 1877. and subsequently elected by 
 the legislature for the unexpired term and for the 
 full term ensuing: reelected in January, 18.85, 
 and in 1891, serving until March 3, 1897: died at 
 Washington, D. C, April 10, 1897. 
 
 Voorhis, Charles H., was born at Spring Val- 
 ley, Bergen County, N. J., :March 13, 1833; grad- 
 uated from Rutgers College, New Jersey, in 1853; 
 admitted to the bar as an attorney in 1856 and as 
 counselor at law in 1859; appointed in 1868 pre- 
 siding judge for Bergen Comity, N. J.; elected a 
 Representative from New Jersey to the Forty- 
 sixth Congress as a Republican; died in 1896. 
 
 Vose, Koger, was born in New Hampshire in 
 1766; graduated from Harvard University in 1790; 
 studied law. and began practice at Walpole, N. H.; 
 served in both houses of the State legislature; 
 
 elected a Representative from New Hampshire to 
 the Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist: reelected 
 to the Fourteenth Congress; died at Walpole, 
 N. H., October 28, 1841. 
 
 Vreeland, Edward Butterfield, of Salamanca, 
 N. Y., was born at Cuba, Allegany County, N. Y., 
 in 1857; received an academic eiUication; served 
 as superintendent of the schools of Salamanca 
 1877-1882; admitted to the practice of law in 1881 ; 
 president of the Salamanca National Bank; engaged 
 in the Isanking, oil, and insurance business; elected 
 to the Fifty-sixth Congress to fill the vacancy 
 occasioned by the resignation of Hon. Warren B. 
 Hooker: reelected to the Fifty -seventh and Fifty- 
 eighth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Vroom, Peter D , was born at Hillsboro Town- 
 .*hip, N. ,1., December 12, 1791; graduated from 
 Columbia College, New York, in 1808 studied law, 
 and in 1813 began practicing; member of the State 
 house of representatives 1826-27 and 1829; elected 
 governor of New Jersey as a Jackson Democrat in 
 1829 an 1831; defeated for reelection in 1832, but 
 again elected 1833 and 1836; claimed to have lieen 
 elected a Representative from New Jersey to the 
 Twenty-fifth Congress, but notadmittedtohis seat; 
 elected to the Twenty -sixth Congress, and took his 
 seat March 10, 1840, serving until March 3, 1841; 
 delegate to the State constitutional convention in 
 1844; Presidential elector on the Pierce and King 
 1 ticket in 1852; minister to Prussia 1853-1857; del- 
 1 egate to the peace convention in 1861; Presidential 
 elector on the Seymour ticket in 1868; died at 
 I Trenton, N. J., November 18, 1873. 
 
 Wachter, Frank C, of Baltimore, Md., was 
 born in that city September 16, 1861; educated in 
 '■ private schools; learned the trade of clothing cut- 
 ter, and afterwards engaged in the business; ap- 
 pointed by Mayor Hooper a member of the jail 
 l3oard of ^Baltimore City in 1896, and served as 
 such for the full term of two years; candidate for 
 police commissioner of Baltimore City before the 
 legislature of 1898, and succeeded in getting the 
 Republican caucus nomination; his election, how- 
 ever, was prevented liy fourteen members who 
 comljined with the Democrats not to go into a 
 joint convention, thus preventing the election of a 
 commissioner and resulting in the Democratic 
 commissioner holding over; elected a Re)iresenta- 
 tive to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty- 
 eighth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Waddell, Alfred Moore, was liorn September 
 16, 1834, atHillsboro.N. C; attended Caldwell In- 
 stitute, and graduated from the University of North 
 Carolina in 1853; studied law and admitted to the 
 bar; clerk of a court of equity 1858-1861; delegate 
 ! to the national convention at I5altimore which nom- 
 inated Bell and Everett, in 1S60, engaged in news- 
 pai^er work; edited the Wilmington Daily Herald 
 1860-61: lieutenant-colonel of cavalry in the Con- 
 federate army: elected a Rej>resentative from 
 North Carolina to the Forty-second, Forty-third, 
 Forty-fourth, and Forty-fifth Congresses as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Waddill, Edmund, jr. , of Henrico County, Va., 
 wa.s born in Charles City Count y,Va., 'Slay 22, 1855; 
 at an early age entered the clerk's otiice of the 
 courts of his native county with his father, who 
 for some thirty-five years was clerk of the saiil 
 courts; deputy clerk of the courts of said county, 
 and ot New Kent, Hanover, and Henrico counties, 
 and of the circuit court of the city of Richmond; 
 entered upon the practice of the law in 1878; 
 elected by the legislature of Mrginia judge of the 
 
hdU 
 
 CONGUESSIUNAL l>lKi;CTOKY. 
 
 ciiunty court of Ilonricoin ISSl); rosiciuvl thinotlice 
 ill lS8.'itoai'ci'|)t Ihcollucol I'nitiMl Slate.-' iittonu-y 
 for till' cifttTH ilistriil nl \'iri;iniii, « liit-li iiofitimi 
 he lillfd till IS,S."); cIccIimI in tlic latter year ti> the 
 K'jrislaliiro, in whieli Imily lu- served till lie re- 
 sijineil til take his seal in the Kifty-tirst C'on(;ress; 
 Kepniiliean nuininee for C'oiis;ress in l.SSti, ami ile- 
 feateil hy his two opponents ininhinin^; ii^uintit 
 him two ilays hel'ore tiie election; elfctcd to the 
 Kifty-tirst Con^rress as a Kepuhlican. 
 
 WaddiU, James Richard, of Sprinpficld, Mo., 
 was liorn at Spriiifilield, Mo., Noveinlier 22, 1>S42; 
 edncaleil in the (irivate sehimls and tlie cciileKe of 
 his native |ilace; enlisted asa jirivate in the I'ninn 
 Army in isiil; inse to a first lientenancy. and re- 
 signed in ISiili; resnmed thestndyol law; admitted 
 to the har in lSt>4; elected prosecutinf; attorney of 
 tireene (.'onnty for twi) years in Ni>\enilier, 1H74; 
 electe<l to the Forty-sixth ( 'iingrc-is asa Democrat; 
 after leavin;; ('iingie.-s entra^cd in the luiuiui; husi- 
 ne.ss at .hiplin. Mo. 
 
 Wade, Benjamin F., was horn near Sprin>.'- 
 (ield, Mass., Octoher 'JT, KSOO; attemled the com- 
 iiion schools; moved to Ohio, and taiifiht school; 
 studieil law and ailrjiittiil to the har; hegan prac- 
 ticing in Aslitahula C'onnty, Ohio, and held sev- 
 eral connly otiices; .'<tate .■senator ls:i7-3.S; jiresi- 
 dent of tin- third jndicial conrt of Ohio in 1847; 
 elected a I'liited States SiMiator from Ohio, and 
 reelecteil, .serving from 1.s.t7 to 18WI; dieil at Jef- 
 ferson, Ohio, March 2, 187S. 
 
 Wade, Edward, was born at West Springfield, 
 Mass., .Novemher 22, I.SC.S; received a limited edn- 
 cation; moved to .Vshtahnla Comity, ( Hiio. in I.S21, 
 where he stnilieil law; liegan practi<ing at Jeffer- 
 son, Ohio, in 1S27; moved to Clevelaml in 1.S.S7; 
 ele<'ted a lieprescntativr from Ohio to the Thirty- 
 third Congress as a Free Soil candidate; reelected 
 to the Thirty-fonrth Congress as a lieimhlican; re- 
 elected to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Con- 
 gre.sses; died at Cleveland, Ohio, Angnst 7, 18()2. 
 
 Wade, William H., of Springfield, Mo., wa,s 
 horn in Clark Comity, Ohio, Xoveniher 8, 18.S5; 
 raised on a farm; educated in common schools and 
 at (trove School Acailemy; farmer; enlisted in the 
 I'nion Army April 17, ISlil, and mustered out 
 April 21), ISili!; moveil to .Missouri in May. Istlii, 
 and engage<l in farming; memher of tlie State 
 lionse of representatives of Missouri l.S,Sl-18S4; 
 elected to the Forty-ninth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican on Fusion ticket; reelecteil to the Fiftieth 
 and Fifty-tirst Congres.se.«. 
 
 Wadleigh. Bainbrid§:e, wa.s born at Bradford, 
 N. 1 1.', .lannary 4, ls:;i; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; .studied law , and aihnitted to the bar in IsriO; 
 wrved eight years in thi' Slate legislature; elected 
 a I'nited State.s Senator from New Hampshire as 
 a Reimblican, serving from 1.873 to 187il; resumed 
 practice of law at lioston, and died there Jamuirv 
 24, 1891. 
 
 Wadsworth, James, wa.s born at Durham. 
 Conn., .Inly li. 17:i(l; received a thorough Kntjlish 
 education, and grailualcd from Yale College in 
 174S; belli ."everal loral otiices; served in the 
 Kevolntionary Army; Delegate to the Continental 
 Congress from Connccli<nt 17S:{-l78(i; died at 
 Durham, Conn., .September 22, 1817. 
 
 Wadsworth, James W.. of (.iene.seo, X. Y., 
 was born at I'hiladelphia, I'a.. Octoln-r 12, 184(>; 
 electefl to the Forty-seventh Congre.«.« in 1881 to 
 fill the vacancy cau.sed by the resignation of K. Ci. 
 I.4iphaiu; reelected to the Forty-eighth, Fifty-sec- 
 
 ond, Fifty-third, Fifly-fourth, Fifty-liith, Fifty- 
 sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses 
 as a Hepublicuii. 
 
 Wadsworth, Jeremiah, was Iwrnat Hartford, 
 Conn., in 174.'!; received a common school edui'a- 
 lion; prominently idenlitied with pre-licvolutitin- 
 ary movements, and served in the Army; Delegate 
 from Connecticut to the Continental t'ongress 17.S6- 
 1788; elected a Representative from Connecticut 
 to the I'irst Congre.-'s as a Federalist; reelecteil to 
 the Second and Third Congresses; died at Hart- 
 ford, Conn., April oO. 1804. 
 
 Wadsworth, Peleg, was born at Duxbury, 
 Ma.ss., May li, 1748; received a liberal educatioii, 
 and in 17()!l graduated from Harvard College; Ix'- 
 came a merchant; served in the Revolutionary 
 .\rmy; moved to Portland, Ma.ss. (now Maine), in 
 1784, and becamea landiigent; served in the State 
 senate in 17112; elected a Representative from that 
 part of Massiichusetts which is now Maine to the 
 Third Congrc-s; reelected to the Fourth. Fifth, 
 Sixth, Seventh, ICighth, and Ninth Congreases 
 moved in 1807 to Oxford Countv, Me.; died at 
 Hiram, Me.. Xovenilier 18, 1829. " 
 
 Wadsworth, William Henry, of Maysville, 
 Ky., was born at Maysvillc, Masmi County, Ky., 
 July 4, 1821; received his early education in the 
 town and county private schools; graduated i A. B. ) 
 from Augusta College, Bracken County, Ky., in 
 1841 ; studied law, admitted to the bar in lS4(i, and 
 engageil in the [iractice; created LL. D. by (.'entre 
 College, Kentucky; member of the Kentucky 
 Static senate 18.i.'{-18.')(i; president of the electoral 
 college of Kentucky in 18(i0; Cnitcd States com- 
 missioner under the treaty of Washington w itii 
 Mexico for the adjustment of claims; member of 
 the Thirty-seventh and Thirty-eighth Congresses; 
 elected to the Forty-ninth Congress as a Reimb- 
 lican. 
 
 Wagener, David D. , wasanativeof F;aston,Pa. ; 
 attended the common schools; merchant; estal)- 
 lished the Kaston Bank, and for several yeai's was 
 its president; elected a Representative from I'eiin- 
 sylvania to the Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, 
 Twenty-fifth, and Twenty-sixth Congresses as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Waggaman, George A., was born in Somer- 
 set County, Md.. in 17s2; received a lilieral edu- 
 cation; studied law and began practice at New 
 Orleans; interested in sugar growing; served sev- 
 eral yeai-s as secretary of the State of Louisiana; 
 elected a rnited States Senator from Louisiana 
 (vice F.ilward Livingston, resiu'ned I as a Whig 
 18S2-18;i.i; died at New Orleans, March 22, 1843. 
 
 Wagner, Peter J., was a native of New York; 
 elected a Representative from New Y'ork to the 
 Twenty-sixth Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Wagoner, George R. C, of Missouri, success- 
 inlly contested the seat of James J. Butler in the 
 Fiftv-seventh Congress ajidtook his seat FVbruarv 
 2(i. i!i03. 
 
 Wait, John Turner, wa^i born at New Ix)n- 
 don. Conn., .\iigust 27, 181 1, receivol a mercantile 
 training in early life, and afterwards was at Trinity 
 College, Hartford, for two years; studied law. ail- 
 niilt»'d to the bar in 18:i(i, and commenced to 
 practice at Norwich; Slate attorney forihe county 
 of New Lonilon 1842-1844 and l,><4l)-lSi4; president 
 of the bar a.-'.sociatioii ol that county at its organiza- 
 tion; lirst elector al large as a War Democrat, in 
 18()4, on ihc Lincoln and Johusou ticket, uiemln'r 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 861 
 
 of the State senate in 1865 and ISlJfi, serving tli_e last 
 year as president pro tempore; member of the 
 State house of representatives in IStiT, 1871, and 
 187:>, serving as spealier tlie first year and subse- 
 <iuently declining that position: elected to the 
 Fortv-i'ourth Congress to fill the vacancy caused 
 by tlie death of Hon. H. H. Starkweather"; elected 
 to the Forty-fifth Congress, anil reelected to the 
 Forty-sixth," Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and 
 Forty-ninth Congresses as a Republican; after 
 leaving Congress resumed the practice of law; 
 died April 21, 1899. 
 
 Wakefield, James B., of Blue Earth City, 
 I\Iinn.. was Imru at "Winsted, Conn., ]March, 1828; 
 graduated frnm Trinity College, Hartford, in 1846; 
 studied law in Painesville, (Jhio, and commenced 
 practice at Delphi, Ind., in 1852; moved to Minne- 
 sota in 185-1; elected to the State house of repre- 
 sentatives in 1858 and 1863; again elected in 1865, 
 and speaker of that body in session of 1S66; mem- 
 ber of the senate in 1867 and 1868, and reelected 
 for 18ti9 and 1870; resigned in 1869, and appointed 
 receiver of United States land office at Winnel)ago 
 City, Minn.; resigned in 1875, and elected in the 
 fall lieutenant-governor for a term of two years; 
 reelected in 1877; elected to the Forty-eighth Con- 
 gress as a Republican; reelected to the Forty-ninth 
 Congress. 
 
 Wakenian, Abram, was born at Fairfield, 
 Conn., May :U, 1824; received a liberal education 
 and graduated from Herkimer Academy; studied 
 law, and in 1847 began practice at New York City; 
 served two terms in the State house of representa- 
 tives; delegate to the national Republican conven- 
 tion in 1856; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Thirty-fourth Congress as an Ameri- 
 can; at the outbreak of the civil war raised the 
 Eighty-tirst Pennsylvania Volunteers and elected 
 its colonel, but soon after resigned; postmaster at 
 New Yiirk City; died Jime 29; 1889. 
 
 Wakeman, Seth, was born in Franklin, Vt., 
 January 15, 1811; received a common school edu- 
 cation; moved to Batavia, N. Y., where he studied 
 and practiced law ; prosecuting attorney forGenesee 
 County 1851-1857; served in the State assembly 
 18.56-57; member of the constitutional convention 
 1867-68; elected a Representative from New York 
 to the Forty-second Congress as a ReiJublican. 
 
 Walbridge, David S. , was born at Bennington, 
 Vt., July oO, 1802; received a limited education; 
 merchant, and engaged in farming; move<l to Kala- 
 mazoo, !Mich., in 1842; elected a Representative 
 from JNIichigan to tlie Thirty-fourth Congress as a 
 Rejiul)lican; reelected to the Thirty-flfth Congress; 
 died at Kalamazoo, Mich., June 15, 1868. 
 
 Walbridge, Henry S., was born in 1809; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Thirty-secnnd Congress as a Whig; died in 1869. 
 
 Walbridge, Hiram, wa.s born at Ithaca, N. Y., 
 February 2, 1821; moved to Toledo, Ohio, in 1836, 
 where he attended the public schools; studieil law, 
 and in 1><42 began practicing at Toleiln; mo\-ed to 
 New York in 1847 and became a merchant; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the Thirty- 
 third Congress as a Democrat ; ilefeatedas the Cnion 
 candidate for the Thirtv-eighth Congress; died at 
 New York City, Decem"ber 6, 1870. 
 
 Walden, Hiram, wa-s boi'n at Rutland, Vt., 
 August 29, 1800; attended the public schools; 
 moved to Schoharie County, N. Y.; major-general 
 of the militia; member of the State house of rep- 
 resentatives in 1836; supervisor of the county of 
 
 Schoharie in 1842; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Thirty-first Congress as a Dem- 
 ocrat. 
 
 Walden, Madison M. , was Ijorn in Adams 
 County, Ohio, (.)ctolier 6, 18:)i); received an aca- 
 demic education; graduated from the Wesleyau 
 University at Delaware, Ohio, in 18.59; moved to 
 Iowa; served in the I'nion Army, 1861-1865, as 
 captain; served in the Iowa State house of repre- 
 sentatives 1866-67, and in the State senate 1868-69; 
 lieutenant-governor of Iowa in 1870; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Iowa to the Forty-second C<in- 
 gress as a Republican. 
 
 Waldo, Loren P., was born at Canterbury, 
 
 Conn., February 2, 1802; received a common 
 school education; studied law; began practice in 
 1825 at Tolland, Conn.; State attorney for Tol- 
 land County 1837-1849; served six years in the 
 State legislature; elected a Representative from 
 Connecticut to the Thirly-tirst Congress as a Dem- 
 ocrat; Commissioner of Pensions under President 
 Pierce 1853-1856, when he resigned tcj become 
 judge of the supreme court of Connecticut. 
 
 Waldron, Henry, was born at Albany, N. Y., 
 October 11, 1S19; received a classical education 
 and graduated from Rutgers College, New Jersey, 
 in 18.36; moved to Michigan in 1837; member of 
 the State legislature in 1843; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Michigan to the Thirty-fourth, Thirty- 
 fifth, Thirty-sixth, Forty-second, Forty-third, and 
 Forty-fourth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Wales, Georg-e E., was a native of Windham 
 County, Vt. ; received a limited education; held 
 several local offices; member of the State house 
 of representatives 1818-1824; served as speaker of 
 the house two j'ears; elected a RejM'csentative 
 from Vermont to the Nineteenth and Twentieth 
 Congresses; probate judge of Hartford 1843-1848. 
 
 Wales, John, was born at New Haven, Conn., 
 July 31, 1783; elected a United States Senator 
 from Delaware ( vice J. ^I. Clayton, resigned ), serv- 
 ing from 1849 to 1851; died at Wilmington, Del., 
 December 3, 1863. 
 
 Walker, Amasa, was Ijorn at Woodstock, 
 Conn., May 4, 1799; received a liberal education; 
 moved to North Brooktield, Mass.; moved to Bo.s- 
 ton and engaged in mercantile pursuits 1825-1840; 
 served in both branches of the legislature; served 
 two terms as secretary of the State of JNIassachu- 
 setts; member of the State constitutional conven- 
 tion in 1853; elected a Representative from 
 Massachusetts to the Thirty-seventh Congress as a 
 Republican, viceG. F. Bailey, deceased; Presiden- 
 tial elector on the Lincoln and Hamlin ticket in 
 1860; died at North Brooktield, Mass., October 
 29, 1875. 
 
 Walker, Benjamin, was born in England in 
 1753; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Seventh Congress as a Democrat; died at Utica, 
 N. Y., January 13, 1818. 
 
 Walker, Charles C. B., was born at Drews- 
 ville, N. II., June 27, 1824; received a liberal edu- 
 cation; moved to Corning, N. Y., in 1848, and 
 postmaster there 1856-1860; delegate to the 
 national Democratic convention at Charleston in 
 1860 and at Baltimore in 1872; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New York to the Forty-fourth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat. 
 
 Walker, David, was a native of Kentucky; 
 elected a Representative from that State to the 
 
8t>; 
 
 CONORKSSIONAL IHUK<Tt>KY, 
 
 Fiitoonth nml Sixtoentli Con^ressos, serving from 
 1U-.viiiIht 1, 1S17, t" March 1. l«-'0. when he-livd, 
 at Wa.-'hiiif.'loii, 1'. (.'. 
 
 Walker, Felix, was horn in Hampshire Comity. 
 Va., .July 11», 1758; movfd to North CaroUiui, and 
 inconipany with I'aniel Hooue, explored Kentucky 
 1774-75; returned to North ("arohna and located 
 in Kutherford County; memherol the State house 
 of rei>resentatives 17!i!'-l.StMi; elected a Ke|>resenta- 
 tive from North Carolina to the Filteciilh. Six- 
 teentli. and Seventeenth Conjiresj-es; defeated for 
 reelection; moved to Mississippi, where he died 
 in isii.i. 
 
 Walker, Francis, was elected a Representative 
 from \'ir}.'inia to the Third Congress. 
 
 Walker, Freeman, was horn in Charles City 
 County, Va.. Octoljer 25, 17S0; received a libera"! 
 education; held several local othces; elected a 
 i'nited .States Senator from (ieor;.'ia (vice .lohn 
 Forsvth, resigned) as a I)cmocrat, servini; from 
 December 15, 1S19, to Aut:u.«t S, ISl'l, when he 
 resigned; died September L'3, 1827, at Augusta, lia. 
 
 Walker, George, was born inCnlpeperCounty. 
 Va., in 17(>S: attended the public schools; ap- 
 pointed a Cniteil States Senator from Kentucky 
 (vice (t. M. Bibb, resigned), serving from Octo- 
 ber 10, 1814, to Februarv 2, 1815; dieil at Xicho- 
 lasville, Ky., in 181H. 
 
 Walker, Gilbert Carlton, was born at Bing- 
 hamton, N. Y., August 1, 18:{2; received a thorough 
 English education, and graduated from the Hamil- 
 ton College, New York, in 1854; studied law, and 
 admitted to the bar in 1855; jiracticed in New- 
 York and Chicago; moved to Norfolk, Va., in 18()4 
 and engaged in banking; governor of Virginia 
 18H9-1874; ele<ted a Heiiresentative from Virginia 
 to the Fortv-fonrth ami Korty-lifth Congresses as 
 a Conservative; died at New" York City May 11, 
 1885. 
 
 Walker, Isaac P.. w.as born in Virginia in 
 1813; received a limited education; held several 
 local othces; elected a I'nited States Senator from 
 Wisconsin as a Democrat, serving from .Imie 2t>, 
 1848, to March 3, 18.55; died at Milwaukee, Wis., 
 April 1. 1S72. 
 
 Walker, James Alexander, was born in 
 Augusta County, Va., August 27, 18.'{2; educated 
 at the VirginiaMilitary Institute; studied law at 
 the University of Virginia during the sessions of 
 18.54 and 18o.t; began i>ractice of law in Pulaski 
 County, Va., in lS.5(i; entered the ConfecU'rate 
 armv in April, 1S(>1, as captain of the I'ldaski 
 Guards, afterwards Company C, Fomtli \'iiginia 
 Infantry, Stonewall Brigadi; promoted to lieu- 
 tenant-colonel and assigne<l to the Thirteenth 
 Virginia Infantry in .Inly, 18(>1; iiroinoted to 
 colonel of the 'thirteenth Virginia Infantry in 
 March, 18fi2, and promoted to brigadier-general 
 an<l assigned to conimaml of the "Stonewall 
 Brigade" in May, 18»);{; comnunuled Karly's old 
 division at the surrender at .Vppomattox; severely 
 woumleil at Spottsylvania Court-House May 12, 
 l.HtU; ele<-ted Commonwealth alloriiey for I'lilaski 
 Countv in l.siiO; represented I'ldaski County inlln' 
 house of delegates of Virginia 1871-72; elected 
 lientenant-goveniorof Virginia in 1S77; elected to 
 the Fiftv-fonrth ami Fifly-tifth Congre.«ses a-s a 
 Republican; dieil at Wvtheville, Va., dctolK'r 20, 
 1901. 
 
 Walker, James D., of Fayetteville, .\rk., was 
 l>orn in I^igan County, Ky., December \'.i, 18:?(); 
 moved to Arkansas in 1847; received his educa- 
 
 tion in the private schools in Kentucky and at 
 Ozark Institute, Arkaiksius; studied law, and ad- 
 milted to practice at Fayetteville, Ark., in 18.50; in 
 the war of the rebellion es[K>u.sed the Southern 
 cause and was colotiel of a regiment; after the war 
 resumed the practice of his iirole.^sion: solicitor- 
 general of the State of Arkansas, which ollice he 
 resigned, and continued the practice of his profes- 
 sion at Fayetteville; cluwn a I'resiilential eliK'tor 
 for the State at large in 1870. and voleil for Tilden 
 anil Hendricks; elected to the United States .<en- 
 ate as a Democrat to succeed Sle|ilien W. IVirsey, 
 Republican, and took his .•'eat .March Is, 1S7!). 
 
 Walker, James Peter, was born in I-auderdale 
 County, Tcnn. , .Manli 14, 1851; moved to Mis.souri 
 in 18ti7, and elected to the Fiftieth Congress as a 
 Deino<Tat; reelected to the Fiftv-lirst Couirress; 
 died .Inly 20, ISild. 
 
 Walker, John, was born at Castle Hill, Allje- 
 marle County, Va., Februarv V.i, 1744; received a 
 limited eilucation; studied law and pnicticed; a]>- 
 pointed a Unite<l States .Senator from ViiTtrinia ( m 
 the place of \V. Grayson, deceased i, serving from 
 May 4, 1790, to December 6, 1790; die<l in Orange 
 Ckiilnty, Va., December 2, 1809. 
 
 Walker, John Williams, was born in Virginia 
 in 1789; graihiate of Princeton College in 1800; 
 studied law and iira<ticed at Iluntsville. .\la.; 
 elected a United States Senator from Alabama, 
 serving from 1S19 to 1822; died at Iluntsville, Ala., 
 Ajiril 23, 1823. 
 
 Walker, Joseph Henry, of Worcester. Ma.ss., 
 was born at I'.ostoii, Mass., December 21, 1829; 
 worked on boots and shoes in his father's factory; 
 admitted to partnership of the firm of .loseph 
 Walker A Co. at Worcester in 1S.50; engage"! in 
 Ijoot and slioe manufacturing till 1SS7; retireil 
 from !)usiness in Worcester; established the busi- 
 ness of manufacturing leather in Chicago, 111., in 
 1808; several times a member of the city council 
 of Worcester and of the Ma.s.sachnsetts legislature; 
 elected to the Fifty-lirst, Fifty-second, Fifty-thin!, 
 Fifty-fourth, and Fifty-fifth Congresses as a Repub- 
 lican; defeated for the Fifty-sixtli Congre.ss. 
 
 Walker, Percy, was a native of Huntsville, 
 .\la.; reci'iveda liberal education; graduated from 
 the medical de|iartment of the Universitv of 
 Pennsylvania in 1835; lu>gan practice at Mo)>ile, 
 .\la.; servei! in the campaign airainst the Creek 
 Indians; studied law and practiced at >;ol>ile: four 
 vears State attorney for the sixth judicial district; 
 member of the l^tate house of representatives 
 1839, 1847, and 18.53; elected a Representative from 
 Alabama to the Thirty-fourth Congress as an Amer- 
 ican; declined a renoniination. 
 
 Walker, Robert J., was born at NorthumlH-r- 
 land. Pa., .luly 23. 1801; gr.iduated from the I'ni- 
 versity of Pennsylvania in 1819; studieil law. and 
 begjui practice at I'ittsburg in 1S21: moved to 
 Mississippi in 1820 and locatei! at Madisonville; 
 appointed a United States Senator from Mississippi 
 as a l)eniocrat, and electetl, serving from Febru- 
 ary 22. 18.{(i. to March 5, 1.S45. when he resigned; 
 Secretary of the Treasury I.H45-1,S49; appointed 
 governor of Kansas in 1.S57, but soon resigneil; 
 financial agent to F.urope in l.StW; died at Wash- 
 ington, H. C, NoveinlH'r 11, 1809. 
 
 Walker, Kobert J. C, of Williamsport, Pa., 
 was born in Chester County, Pa., October 20, 
 18;{8; eilucated at Fitst Hampton and Old Cam- 
 bridge. Mass.; gnuluated from hane Hall, Har- 
 vard Universitv, in 18.58; admitted to the Pliila- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 863 
 
 aflelphia bar October 20, 1859, and to the8ui>reme 
 Court of the United States February 21, 1862; 
 elected a director of the tirst school district of Penn- 
 sylvania; twice elected to the councils of Philadel- 
 phia, and chairman of the committee on finance; 
 for a considerable time owner and editor of the 
 Saturday Evening Post, the oldest literary journal 
 in the United States; moved to AVillianisport in 
 1S7S, and actively engaged in large land, lumber, 
 and i-oal interests; elected to the Forty-seventh 
 Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Walker, William A., was a native of New- 
 Hampshire; attended the common schools; moved 
 to New York City; held several local offices; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Thirtv-third Congress as a Democrat; died Decem- 
 ber is, 1861. 
 
 Wall, Garret D., was born at Jliddletown. 
 N. J., JIarch 10, 1783; received a liberal education; 
 studied law, and in 1807 admitted t(i the bar; 
 began practice at Burlington, N. J. ; clerk of the 
 supreme court 1812-1817; quartermaster-general 
 of the State 1815-1837; served in the State legisla- 
 ture ; United States district attorney for New Jersey 
 in 1829; elected but declined to serve as governor 
 of New Jersey; elected a United States Senator 
 from New Jersey as a Democrat 1835-1841; died at 
 Burlington, X. J., November 22, 1850. 
 
 Wall, James W. , was born at Trenton, N. J., 
 May 26, 1820; graduated from Princeton College in 
 1838; studied law, and in 1841 began practice at 
 Trenton; moved to Burlington, and in 1854 mayor 
 of the city; elected a United States Senator from 
 New Jersey (vice .John R. Thomson, deceased) as 
 a Democrat, serving from .lanuarv 21, 1863, to 
 March 3, 1863; died at Elizabeth, N. J., June 9, 
 1872. 
 
 Wall, William, was born at Philadelphia, Pa., 
 March 20, 1801; received a limited education; 
 learned the trade of ropemaker and moved to Kings 
 County, Long Island, in 1822; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New York to the Thirty-seventh 
 Congress as a Republican ; died at Brookl vn. N. Y'. , 
 April 20, 1872. 
 
 Wallace, Alexander S., was born in Y'ork 
 County, S. C, December 30, 1810; received a lim- 
 ited education; planter; served several terms in 
 the State legislature; elected a Representative 
 from South Carolina to the Forty-first, Forty-sec- 
 ond, Forty-third, and Forty-fourth Congresses. 
 
 Wallace, Daniel, was a native of Union 
 County, S. C; received a limited education; studied 
 law and practiced; engaged in farming; elected a 
 Representative from South Carolina to the Thir- 
 tieth Congress (vice J. A. Black, deceased); re- 
 elected to the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Con- 
 gresses; died June 28, 1893. 
 
 Wallace, David, was born in Lancaster County, 
 Pa., Aiirir4, 1799; whenquiteyoungmoved with his 
 ]iarents to (!)hio, where he received a military edu- 
 cation; graduated from West Point Military Acad- 
 emy in 1820; served in the Regular Army, and 
 resigned in 1822; moved to Indianapolis, Ind.,and 
 studied law; admitted tothe l>ar; served two terms 
 in the State house of representatives; governor of 
 Indiana 1837-1840; elected a Representative from 
 Indiana to the Twenty-seventh Congress as a 
 Whig; defeated for reelection; delegate to the 
 State constitutional convention; died at Indian- 
 ajiolis, Ind., September 3, 1859. 
 
 Wallace, James, was a native of Dauphin 
 County, Pa. ; received a limited education; elected 
 a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Four- 
 teenth, Fifteenth, and Sixteenth C'ongresses. 
 
 Wallace, John W., was born at Beaver Falls, 
 Pa., December 20, 1818; received a liljeral educa- 
 tion; guaduated from the Jefferson ]\ledical Col- 
 lege at Philadelphia in 1846; practiced at Darling- 
 ton, and in 1850 moved to Newxastle; held several 
 local offices; elected a Representative from Penn- 
 sylvania to the Thirty-seventh Congress as a Re- 
 publican; defeated for reelection; served in the 
 Union Army; Presidential elector in 1872 on the 
 Grant and Wilson ticket; elected to the Forty- 
 fourth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Wallace, Jonathan H., of New Lisbon, Ohio, 
 was born in Columbiana County, Ohio, in 1828; 
 educated at Washington College, Pa. : studieil law 
 and admitted to the bar; commenced the practice 
 of law in New Lisbon ; elected prosecuting attorney 
 of Columl)iana County in 1851 and reelected in 
 1853; elected to the Forty-eighth Congress as a 
 Democrat; the certificate of election having been 
 issued to William ilcKinley liy the canvassing 
 board at Columbus on accovnit of alleged irregu- 
 larities in the certified returns, Wallace contested 
 the election, and was awarded his seat May 28, 
 1884. 
 
 Wallace, Nathaniel Dick, of New Orleans, 
 La., was born at Columbia, Tenn., October 27, 
 1845; sent at 9 years of age to Europe and there 
 educated; spent four years (the requisite time for 
 a degree course) at Trinity College, Dublin, and 
 graduated in 1865, standing fourth in the class; 
 returned home two years afterwards; entered into 
 the commission business in 1878; twice elected 
 president of the New Orleans Produce Exchange; 
 active in manufacturing interests; never a candi- 
 date for political honors until nominated and 
 electe<l a Representative from Louisiana to the 
 Forty-ninth Congress to succeed Governor Hahn, 
 deceased. 
 
 Wallace, Rodney, was born at New Ipswich, 
 N. H., December 21, 1823; educated in the com- 
 mon schools of New Hampshire; manufacturer 
 of paper; selectman of Fitchburg in 1864, 1865, 
 and 1867; representative to the general court of 
 Massachusetts in 1873; councilor of state of Mas- 
 sachusetts in 1880, 1881, and 1882; elected to the 
 Fifty-first Congress as a Republican; died Feb- 
 ruary 27, 1903, at Fitchburg, JIass. 
 
 Wallace, William A., w-as born at Clearfield, 
 Pa., Novenilier 28, 1827; received an academic edu- 
 cation; read law and practiced; mend >er of the State 
 senate of Pennsylvania 1862-1875, having been 
 elected five times in succession, and sjieakerof the 
 senate in 1871; member of the national Democratic 
 convention of 1864, and senatorial delegate and 
 chairman of the Pennsylvania delegation in the 
 national Democratic convention of 1872; member 
 of the commission to suggest amendments to the 
 constitution of Pennsylvania in 1874; elected to the 
 United States Senate as a Democrat, to succeed 
 John Scott, Republican, and took his seat March 
 4, 1875; died May 22, 1896. 
 
 Wallace, William Copeland, was born at 
 Brooklyn, N. Y., May 21, 1856; graduate<t from 
 Wesleyan University in 1876, and Columbia Col- 
 lege Law School in 1878; assistant United States 
 attorney for the southern district of New York 
 1880-1883" elected to the Fifty-first Congress as a 
 Republican; died Septendaer 4, 1901. 
 
8(U 
 
 OONORESSmXAI, niHKCToKY. 
 
 Wallace, William H.. wu^i Ikhii in Miami 
 Coiiiity, (iliic, ,Uily 17, isll; cilncatvil in Imliana; 
 iniivfii til l(i«a in IS'iT; sorvt-il one ycarasspeaki-r 
 nt' the lowii.'^tate lixnsiMif ii'iircs<.'nlative.i; niovi-il 
 to \Va-jlun;,'I(in Territory in 1S">:{ aiiil serveil scvenil 
 ytais in tJR' Slate Icjrislaturi'; jj;iiveinor of Wash- 
 iniiton Tenilciry in ISiil; eleetecl a DeU'.rate fn>ni 
 Wuiiliinnt'in Terrilmy tu tlie Tliirty-f^eventh ('(in- 
 ;;re^,s; ai)])ointeil ^rovermir nl Idaho Territory in 
 IStiS, anil eleeteil a Delt'siate from hlalio Territory 
 to the Tliirty-eiKhtli ( 'onjiress. 
 
 Walley, Samuel H., was liorn at Boston, 
 Mass.. An;.'ust :il, ISO'i; firaihiate'l from Harvard 
 College in \X2ti: studied law and iiraeticeil; en- 
 jiasi'd in Ijaiikinj;; eijiht years a nienilier of the 
 State house of representatives, two years of wliieh 
 he was speaker; elected a Representative from 
 IMassachusetts to tlie Thirty-third Conjiress as a 
 Whi^'; defeated for reelection: defeated as the 
 Whijr eandiilate for governor in 185,"); died at 
 Nantasket Beaeh. Mass., Aujrust 27, 1877. 
 
 Walling-, Ansel T. , was horn in ( )t.sef;o County, 
 N. Y.. .laiuiary 10, ISlM; nioveil to Krie County, 
 Pa., where he received a limited e(lueation; learne<l 
 the art of printing; nioveil in 1.S4.S to Ohio and 
 eni;ageil iu newspaper work: clerk of the lejris- 
 lature 1S.t1-.52; studie<l law, and in 1S.')2 admitted 
 to the har: moved to Iowa and I lecame editor of 
 the Keokuk Daily Times ].S.i.i-lS.")S; delegate to 
 the l>emocratic national convention Is.'iti; returned 
 to Ohio in lUlil and locate<l at Cirdeville, where 
 he resumed the ]>ractice of law; State senator in 
 ISil.i: meudier of the hou.se of representatives in 
 lSii7, scrvinj; as sjieaker )iro temjiore; elected a 
 Representative from Ohio to the Forty-fourth 
 Congres.s as a Democrat; died in 1896. 
 
 Walls, Josiah. T., was l)orn at Winchester, 
 Va., l>eceud>er :!0, 1S42; received a limited edu- 
 cation: farmer; mendierof the constitutional <-on- 
 vention in IsiiS; Statesenator l.s<)li-l,S72; received 
 a certilicate of election as a He]>re.sentative from 
 rifirida to the Forty-second Congress, hut his 
 seat wa.s sncces.sfully contesteil hy Silas L. Nililack, 
 .lanuary 2!), lS7!i; elected a Rejiresentative from 
 Florida to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Con- 
 irri'sses as a Rei>ul)lican. 
 
 Wain, Robert, was horn at I'hiladelphia, I'a., 
 Feliruary 22, 17l>.i; received a limite<l education; 
 merchant: electeii a Representative from I'eniisyl- 
 vania to the Fifth Congress (vice .John Swanwick, 
 deceased) as a Fedenilist; reelected to the Sixth 
 Congress; dieil .lanuary 2-1, l.siiti, at I'hiladel- 
 phia, Pa. 
 
 Walsh, Michael, was horn in Ireland Mardi 
 7, IMO; iirailuated from Trinity College, Duhlin; 
 emigrated to .\merica. and located at lialtimore; 
 learned the trade of lithographic printer, and 
 moved to New York; mendierof the State house 
 fif representatives in hSlW; cstaMished The Knick- 
 erliocker puhlication, which was .stopped after two 
 vears hy his conviction for the puhlication of a 
 iiliel: electeii a Repre.seiitative from New York to 
 the Thirtv-third Congress as a Democrat: died 
 at New Y.irk March 17, IS.59. 
 
 Walsh. Patrick, was horn in Hallinpirry, 
 County l.imcrick, Ireland. .lanuary 1, IS40; his 
 parent.s and fandly .settled in Charleston, S. ('.; 
 journeyman printer in ls">7; wlnle learning his 
 trade attended night school; earned sufficient 
 money at his trade to enahle him to enter (ieorge- 
 town College, District of Colnmhia, in 1S.t!I, where 
 he renuiineil until .\pril hi, ISlil.when he returned 
 to C'luirleston and entered the Slate military serv- 
 
 ice; move<l to .\ugnsta in l.S()2. and for thirty-two 
 years was connected with the jiress of that city, 
 most of the time as manager ami editor of the .\u- 
 gnsta Chronicle, winch was eslahlished in I7S."); 
 appointed agent of the New York .\ssociated I're.ss 
 in iMiii, in whiih jiosition hecontinneil until ls;i2, 
 when elected treasurer, and afterwards generid 
 managi'rof the .sionthern .\ssociated Tress; electe<l 
 a uiendM-r of the city council of .Vugusta in 187(1; 
 ' served as meniher of the .sJtate legislature from 
 Richmond County in 1872, 1874, and 187t); electeii 
 a iielegate at large to the Democratic riational con- 
 vention at Chicago in 1884; served four years as a 
 memherof the Democratic national exei'utivecom- 
 mittee; appointed hy President Harrison as one of 
 the Democratic memhers at large of the WorM's 
 Colnmhian Conimi.ssion: appointcl Si'iiator from 
 (ieorgia, as a Democrat, by tioveriior William .1. 
 Nortiien .\pril 2, 1894, to succeed the late .Senator 
 .\lfred II. Colipiitt, and took his seat on April !•; 
 died at AuuMisIa, (ia., in 1900. 
 
 Walsh, Thomas Tates, was a native of Ralti- 
 more, Md.; received a liheral education: elected a 
 Representative from Maryland to the Thirty- 
 st'Coiid Congress as a Whig: <lefeated for reelection. 
 
 Walsh, William, was horn in Ireland May Jl, 
 1828; emigrated to America in 1842 and located 
 in Virginia; graduated from Mount .'^t. .Mary'sCol- 
 lege of Maryland; studied law, and in 18.50 ad- 
 mitted to the bar in Virginia; Ijegan jiractii ing at 
 Cumberland, Md., in 18.52; I'residentn\l electoron 
 the Democratic ticket in 1800 ami 1872; member 
 of the State constitutional convention \Sti7; elected 
 a Re|)resentative from .Maryland to the Forty- 
 fourth Congress; reelected to the Forty-tifth Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Walthall, Edward Gary, was Imrn at Rich- 
 mond, Va., A]iril 4. isijl; received an academic 
 education at 1 lolly Springs, Miss.; studieil law 
 at Holly Springs; admitted to the har in 18.52, 
 and connnenced the practice of law the game 
 year at Coffeeville, Miss.; elected in 18.51! dis- 
 trict attorney for the tenth judicial district of 
 Mississippi, anil reelected in 1859; resigned that 
 office in the s|iring of 18t>l and entered the Con- 
 federate .service as a lieutenant in the Fifteenth 
 .Mississippi Regiment: soon after eleited lieuten- 
 ant-colonel of that regiment; in the spring of 18)i2 
 elected colonel of the Twenty-uinlh .Mississippi 
 Regiment; iiromoted to brigadier-general in De- 
 cember, 18(>2, and major-general in June. 18114; 
 after the surrender practiced law at Coffeevide 
 until .lanuary, 1S71, when he moved to tirenada, 
 and contimied the practice there until March, 
 1885; ai>pointed to tlie Cnited States Senate as a 
 Denioerat to lill the vacancy caused by the resig- 
 nation of Hon. L. t-l. C. Lamar, apjiointed Secretary 
 of the Interior; took his seat .^hircli 12, 1885; 
 elected by the legislature in .January, IS.sti, for 
 the nnex|>ired term; reelecteil in .lanuary, 1S.'<8, 
 and again in ,lanuary. 1892: resigned .lanuary 1.8, 
 1894, on account of his ill health: nn-ntered the 
 Senate in March, 1895; died April 21, I89,S, at 
 Washington, D. C. 
 
 Walton, Charles W., was born at Mexico, Me, 
 DecemWr 9, 1819, attendi^I the common schools; 
 studied law. and in 184.S In-gan practicing at 
 Mexico: attorney for Oxford County 1.847-1851; 
 moved to .\uhurn in 1.8.55, attorney for .Andros- 
 coggin County I857-I.8()0: elected a Representative 
 from -Maine to the Thirty-seventh Congress as a 
 Republican, serving from .luly 4, 18(>1, to Mav 2(>, 
 18(i2, when he resigned to become judge of i In- 
 state supn-me court. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 865 
 
 Walton, Ezekiel P. , was born at Montpelier, 
 Vt., February 17, 1S12; attended the public 
 schools: apprenticed to a printer; studied law, 
 and adiintted to the bar; served in the State sen- 
 ate: elected a Representative from Vermont to the 
 Thirty-tilth, Thirty-sixth, and Thirty-seventh 
 Congresses as a Republican; deletrate to the 
 national Republican convention at Philadelphia in 
 18(34. 
 
 Walton, George, wasbornin Frederick County, 
 Va., in 1740; attended the public schools; studied 
 law, and in 1774 began practice at Augusta, Ga. ; 
 Delegate from Georgia to the Continental Congress 
 1776-1781; served in the Revolutionary war and 
 captured at Savannah ; governor of (ieorgia in 1779; 
 chief justice of Georgia 1783; delegate to the con- 
 vention to frame a Federal Constitution in 1787, 
 but declined; again governor in 1789, and again 
 chief justice in 1793; appointed a United States 
 Senator from Georgia (vice James Jackson, re- 
 signed), 179"-96; died at Augusta, Ga., Felwuarv 
 2, 1804. 
 
 Walton, Matthew, of Kentucky; received a 
 limited education; elected a Representative from 
 Kentucky to the Eighth and Ninth Congresses; 
 died January 18, 1819. 
 
 Walworth, Reuben Hyde, was born at Boz- 
 rah, Ctmn., October 2B, 1788; moved to a farm 
 near Hoosick, N. Y., in 1796; attended the com- 
 mon schools; studied law, and in 1811 began prac- 
 tice at Plattsl)urg; brigade-major in the war of 
 1812; elected a Representative from New York to 
 theSeventeenth Congress as a Democrat ; appointed 
 judge of the fourth circuit; appointed chancellor 
 of the State of New York in 1828; left his bench 
 when the office of chancellor was abolished; died 
 at Saratoga Springs, N. Y., November 27, 1867. 
 
 Wanger, Irving Price, of Norristown, Pa., 
 was born in North Coventry, Chester County, Pa., 
 March 5, 1852: commenced the study of law at 
 Norristown in 1872, and admitteil to the bar De- 
 cember 18, 1875; elected burgess of Norristown in 
 1878; delegate to the Republican national conven- 
 tion in 1880; elected ilistrict attorney of ilont- 
 gomerv Cnuntv in 1880 ami again in 1886; elected 
 to the" Fifty-third. Fifty-fourth, Fifty-tifth, Fifty- 
 sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses 
 as a Repulilican. 
 
 Ward, Aaron, was born at Sing Sing, N. Y., 
 July 5, 1790; received a liberal education; served 
 in the war of 1812; studied law, and admitted to 
 the liar; district attorney for Westchester County; 
 served in the State militia as colonel, brigadier- 
 general, and major-general; elected a Representa- 
 tive from New York to the Nineteenth, Twentieth, 
 Twenty-secimd, Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, and 
 Twenty-seventh Congresses as a Democrat; dele- 
 gate to the State constitutional convention in 1846; 
 defeated on the Democratic ticket for secretary of 
 state in 1855; died at Georgetown, D. C, March 
 2, 1S67. 
 
 Ward, Andrew H., was a native of Harrison 
 County, Ky. ; received a limited education; elected 
 a Representative from Kentucky to the Thirty- 
 ninth Ci:>ngress (vice William Smith, resigned) at 
 a special election. 
 
 Ward, Artemas, sr., was born at Shrewsbury, 
 Mass. , Noveudier 27, 1727; graduated from Harvard 
 College in 1748; lieutenant-colonel in the provin- 
 cial army against Canada; member of the Mas- 
 sachusetts house of representatives: major-general 
 in the Revolutionary Army; state councilorin 1777; 
 
 Delegate to the Continental Congress 1779-1781 ; on 
 account of ill health did not take his seat; again a 
 member of the State house of representatives 1776- 
 1791; and in 1785 speaker; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Massachusetts to the Second and Third 
 Congresses as a Federalist; died at Shrewsburv, 
 Mass., October 28, 1800. 
 
 Ward, Artemas, jr., was born at Shrewsbury, 
 Mass., January 9, 1762; graduated from Harvard 
 College in 1783; studied law and practiced; mcjved 
 to Boston in 1809; elected a Representative from 
 Massachusetts to the Thirteenth Congress as a 
 Peace candidate; reelected to the Fourteenth Con- 
 gress; chief justice of the court of common pleas 
 1820-1839; served in the State legislature; died at 
 Boston, October 7, 1847. 
 
 Ward, Elijah, was born at Sing Sing, N. Y., 
 September 16, 1816; received a classical education; 
 studied law, and in 1843 began practice; member 
 of the national Democratic convention at Cincin- 
 nati in 1856; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat; 
 defeated for reelection ; elected to the Thirty-sev- 
 enth Congress; reelected to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
 gress; defeated for reelection; elected to the Forty- 
 fourth Congress as a Democrat; defeated fur 
 reelectic>n; died at Roslyn, N. Y., Februarv 7, 
 1882. 
 
 Ward, Hamilton, was born at Salisbury, N". Y., 
 July 3, 1829; received a classical education; studied 
 law, and began practice at Belmont; appointed in 
 1862 by the governor to raise and e(|uip troops for 
 the civil war; elected a Re])resentative from New 
 York to the Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, and Forty- 
 tirst Congresses; died in 1898. 
 
 Ward, James H., of Chicago, 111., was born at 
 Chicago November 30, 1853; educated in the pub- 
 lic schools of Chicago, and afterwards attended the 
 University of Notre Dame, Indiana, graduating in 
 1873; attended the Union Collet;e of Law at Chi- 
 cago, graduating in 1876; admitted to the bar in 
 July, 1876, and began practice; elected supervisijr 
 of the town of West Chicago in 1879; elector on 
 the Cleveland and Hendricks ticket in 1884; elected 
 to the Forty-ninth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Ward, Jasper C, w'as a native of Chicago, III.; 
 elected a Rejiresentative from Illinois to the Forty- 
 third Congress as a Republican; defeated for re- 
 election. 
 
 ' Ward, Jonathan, was a native of Westchester 
 Opunty, N. Y.; received a limited education; 
 ejected a Representative from New York to the 
 Fourteenth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Ward, Marcus Ii., was born at Newark, N. J., 
 November 9, 1812; received a limited education; 
 manufacturer; delegate to the national Re))Ublican 
 convention in 1860 at Chicago and in 1804 at Bal- 
 timore; Presidential elector on the Republican 
 ticket in 1864; defeated for governor of New Jer- 
 sey in 1862; elected governor 1865-1868; elected a 
 Representative from New Jersey to the Forty-third 
 Congress as a Republican; died at Newark, N. J.. 
 April 25, 1884. 
 
 Ward, Matthias, was born in Elbert County, 
 Ga., al)out 1800; attended the jiuhlic schools in 
 Madison County, Ala. ; studietl law and admitted to 
 the bar; moved to the Republic of Texas; served in 
 the Texas congress, and, after the annexation, a 
 State senator; appointed a United States Senator 
 from Texas (vice J. P. Henderson, deceased) as a 
 State Rights Democrat 1858-1860; died at Raleigh, 
 N. C, October 13, 1861. 
 
 H. Doc. 458- 
 
 -55 
 
80(3 
 
 CONGKKSSUi^AL UIKKCTOKY. 
 
 Ward, Samuel, was born at Newport, H. I.. 
 MajL'7, ITL'.t; ruivivcila liiiiitciU'ilmalioii; lariiicr: 
 iiii'iiihor iif tin' iinivim-ial liciU8t' iif ivprc.-i'iilativos 
 175()-17o!t; «'liii-f jiiHtur of UIhmIi- Island in l"iil, 
 and fleeted jr'ivernur in I7(i"_', 1711"), and 17ii7; 
 founded tlie Kliode Island ('ollfj;e, and later the 
 Bmwn rniversity; Pi'lepite from Rhode Island tu 
 theContinentalConj^ressi 1774-75; died at riiiludel- 
 ]>liia Mareh L'(i, 177t). 
 
 Ward, Thomas, was horn in New Jersey in 
 17ii'>; rtitivid a lihcnil edueation; stndied law and 
 jiraetieed; elecled a Representative from New.ler- 
 sey to the Thirteenth t'onjrress as a Henioenit, ami 
 reele<ted to the Fourteenth ('ont;ress; died at 
 Newark, N. J., February 4, KS4L'. 
 
 Ward, Thomas B., was l)orn at Marysville, 
 Union County, Ohici, Aiiril \l', ISSo; his parents 
 moved to Lafayette, Ind., in May, lS,Sl); e(lueate<l 
 at Wabasli t'ollejre, Indiana, and at Miami t'ni- 
 versity, Oxford, ()lii(i; };radnated from the last- 
 named institutiiin in .hnu', is')."); studicil law at 
 Lafayette, Ind., and admitted to the bar in lS.'i7; 
 eleeted mayor of Lafayette in IStil, and reeleeted 
 in 18t)3, serving four years; served one term as 
 clerk to the eity of Lafayette and three terms as 
 eity attorney of that eity; a|ii><iinte<l by (iDVernor 
 Hendricks, in l.H7o, judire of the superior Cdurt of 
 Tippecanoe County, Ind., then newly created, and 
 elected to that position in 1S7(>, servin;; live years 
 in all as judge; elected to the Forty-ei}.dith Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; reelected to the Forty-ninth 
 Congress; died January 1, 1S92. 
 
 Ward, William, was born at l'hiladeli)hia. La., 
 January 1, l.s:i7; educated at (iirard Cnllei;e, Phila- 
 delphia; learned the art <if |iriiiling in thentlici' 
 of the Delaware County Kepublican, at Chester, 
 serving there four years; studied law; ailmitted to 
 the bar in August, lS."i!t, and engaged in the prac- 
 tice of law, conveyancing, land business, an<l 
 banking; member of the city couni-il of Chester 
 and city solicitor, but never held any other ipublic 
 ottices; elected to the Forty-lifth, l"orty-sixtli, and 
 Forty-seventh Congresses as a Kejiublican; ilied 
 February 27, lSil.5. 
 
 Ward, William Lukens, of Port Chester, 
 N. Y., was born at Creenwich, Conn., September 
 2,18.56; educated at Friends' Seminary, New York 
 City, and afterwards at the Schnol of Mines, Co- 
 lundiia College, class of 1.H78; devoted all his l)usi- 
 ness life to manufacturing; Presidential elector in 
 ISiMi; elected to the F'ifty-lifth Congress as a Ke- 
 jiublican. 
 
 Ward, William T., was a native of Kentucky: 
 attended the common .schools; held several local 
 oflices: electe<l a Hi'iircseutative from Kentucky 
 to the Thirty-second C'ongress as a Whig. 
 
 Wardwell, Daniel, was born in Brietol, R. I., 
 Jlay 2S, 17!il; graduated from Urown I'niversity 
 in ISll; studieil lawaml began practicing at Home, 
 N. Y.; judge of the court of common pleas for .lef- 
 ferson County, N. Y.; served four terms in the 
 State assendily ; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Twenty-second, Twenty-third, ami 
 Twenty-fourth Congresses; ilie<I at Rome, N. Y., 
 Marc-h'l.'7, ls7,H. 
 
 Ware, Nicholas, was born in Caroline Comity, 
 Ya., in 170!'; received a thorough ICnglish educa- 
 tion; studied law and admitteil to the bar; np- 
 pointe<l a United States Senator from Georgia 
 (vice Freeman Walker, resigned), and elected, 
 serving from December 1 1, IK21, to Septein'ier 7, 
 1824, when he dieil at New York City. 
 
 Warfield, Henry R., was born in Anne Anin- 
 dcl County, .Md., in 17S1; reieivi^d a liberal edu- 
 cation; held several local oHices; eleiteil a Repre- 
 sentative from Maryland to the Sixteenth Con- 
 gress as a Feileralist; reelected to the .S'Vente4'ntli 
 and Kighteenth CongresBes; died at Freilerick, 
 Md., ManOi 18, 18:59. 
 
 Warner, Adoniram J., of Marietta, Ohio, was 
 born in Wales, N. V., .lanuary bS, l.s.54; educated 
 at Heloit, Wis., and at the New York Central 
 College, New York; jirincipal of the Lewiston 
 .\cademy, and su|H'riutendent of public schools 
 of .Millliii County, and principal of Mercer Union 
 Schools, Pennsylvania, l.S.")l>- 181)1 ; at the begimiing 
 of the war rai.«ed a couijiany consisting in part ol 
 stuilents; uuistered into the Lnitecl States si-rvice 
 as captain in July, l.siil ; promoied to lientenanl- 
 colouel ami colonel of the Tenth Regiment, Pennsyl- 
 vania Re!<erveCori)s; in several important battles, 
 being severely wovmded at Antietam; brevetle<l 
 brigadier-general; studied law an<l adnutted to 
 the bar at Imlianapolis, Inil., in l.sii.i, but never 
 took up the jiractice; elected to the Forty-sixth, 
 Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Congresses as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Warner, Hiram, was born in Hampshire 
 County, Mass., October 29, 1,S(I2; received a gooil 
 connnon school education and in adilition aci|nired 
 some knowledge of the cla-sics; in 1819 move<l to 
 Ceorgia and taught school for three years; stu<lied 
 law, and in 182.") began piacfiee at Knoxville, in 
 Crawford County; served in the general a.ssemlily 
 182.S-18,SI, when he (Wclined a reelection; elected 
 judge of the State superior court, serving from 
 18:58 to 1840; judge of the State supreme court 
 184.")-18."i.S, when lie resigned; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from (ieorgia to the Thirty-fourth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; declined a reelection; died 
 at Atlanta, <;a., in 1881. 
 
 Warner, John De Witt, of New York City, 
 was born in Vales County, N. Y., in 18.M; worke<l 
 on a farm till 17 yeai-s of age. during which time 
 he managed to jirepare himself for college; entered 
 Cornell I'niversity the tirst ilay it o]iemMl, in Oc- 
 tober, 181)8, and graduated therefrom in 1872; alter 
 leaving college e<lited the Ithaca I'aily Leader for 
 a few months; professor in the Ithacaaud Albany 
 academies, each two years; studied law at the 
 Albany Law .School, from which he gimluated, 
 and admitted to the bar in June, ISTii; moved 
 to New York in that year; mend)erof the Albany 
 Institute, which publisheil his historical researches; 
 author of several tariff-reform iiublications and 
 magazine articles; elected to the Fifty-second and 
 Fifty-third Congresses a-s a Democrat. 
 
 Warner, Iievi, was born at Wefhersfield, Conn., 
 
 October Id, 18:)1; received a liberal edui'ation ancl 
 studied law at Yale anil Dane law schools; bcgi\n 
 practicing in l.s.Mi at Fairlield, Conn. ; elei'teil a 
 Ixepresentative from Coimecticnt to the Forty- 
 fourth Congress as a Democrat, vii-e W. 11. liarnum, 
 resigned; reelected to the Forty-lifth Congress. 
 
 Warner, Richard, of Lfwisburg, Tenn.. was 
 l>orn in 18:!.); nceived an ordinary Ijiglish educa- 
 tion, ami in l.8.')7-.")8 atlenile<l the law school at 
 Lebanon, Tenn., from which he graduated; com- 
 menceil the practice of law at Li'wisburg in the 
 laltiT part of l.s.")8, and remaineil in the pnu-tice 
 until the beginning of the civil war; enlisted as a 
 private in Col. Mat. Martin's regiment, ainl, al- 
 though offere<l many olliies, refusi'd them all, and 
 fought through the war as a private ,«oIdier; re- 
 turned home and resume<i the practice of law in 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 867 
 
 1S65; elected a delegate to the constitutional con- 
 vention that framed the new constitution of Ten- 
 nessee in 1870; member of the State house of 
 representatives in the fall of 1878; elected to the 
 Forty-seventh Congress as a Democrat; reelected 
 to the Forty-eighth Congress. 
 
 Warner, Samuel L. , was born at Wethersfield, 
 Conn., in lSL';i; received a liberal education ; stud- 
 ied law, and in 18.53 began [iracticeat Middletown; 
 member of the State house of representatives in 
 1857; delegate to the national Democratic conven- 
 tions at Baltimore and Charleston in 1860; mayor 
 of Norwich 1861-1 8rt.T; elected a Representative 
 from Connecticut to the Thirty-ninth Congress as 
 a Repidjlican. 
 
 Warner, Vespasian, of Clinton, 111., was born 
 ai, Mount Pleasant, now Farmer City, Dewitt 
 County, 111., April 23, 1842; moved with his parents 
 in 1843 to t'linton, 111.; attended connnon and 
 select schools in Clintcjn and Loniliard University 
 at Calesburg, 111.; studying law at Clinton, when, 
 on June 13, 1861, he enlisted as a private soldier 
 in Company E, Twentieth Illinois Volunteer In- 
 fantry; remained an enlisted man and carried a 
 musket in that company until February !i, 1862, 
 when commissioned a second lieutenant; remained 
 in the service until July 13, 1866, when nnistered 
 out, then being a captain and brevet major; .served 
 in the Army of the Tennessee, receiving a gunshot 
 wound at Shiloh, until the evacuation of Atlanta, 
 when, being disabled, onlered North, and from 
 there, early in 186,5, ordered on the Plains, where 
 a campaign was being conducted against hostile 
 Indians, where he served until mustered out; im- 
 mediately on leading the service entered the law 
 department of Harvard University, from which 
 he graduated in 1868; returned to Clinton and 
 commenced the practice of law; colonel and judge- 
 advocate-general of Illinois through tlie adnnnis- 
 trations of Governors Hamilton, Oglesby, and 
 Fifer; elected a Repulilican Presidential elector in 
 1888; elected to the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty- 
 sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth Congresses 
 as a I!e]iubliran. 
 
 Warner, Willard, was born at Granville, Ohio, 
 Septendier 4, 1826; received a classical education, 
 and in 184.5 graduated from ]Marietta College, Ghio; 
 served in the Union Army, and mustered out as 
 major-general in July, 1865; served in the Ohio 
 State senate; moved to Alaljama and held several 
 local offices; elected a United States Senator from 
 Alabama as a Kepuljlican, serving from June 25, 
 1868, to March 3, 1871 ; returned to Ohio. 
 
 Warner, William, of Kansas City, Mo., was 
 born in Wisconsin in 1841; edu<'ated at Lawrence 
 University, Wisconsin, and Michigan University; 
 lawyer; served three and a half years in the Union 
 Army in the Thirty-third and Forty-fourth Wiscon- 
 sin Infantry; elected city attorney of Kansas City, 
 Mo., in April, 1867, and circuit attorney for the 
 counties of Jackson, Johnson, Lafayette, Cass, 
 Pettis, and Saline, Mo., in Novemiier, is68; mayor 
 of Kansas City, Mo., in 1871; Presidential elector 
 on the (jrant ticket in 1872; appointed I'nited 
 States attorney for the western district of Mis- 
 souri in 1S82; received the votes of the Repuli- 
 lican members of the Missouri legislatvire in 1885 
 for United States Senator; elected to the Forty- 
 ninth and Fiftieth Congresses as a Republican; 
 delegate to the Republican national convention 
 in 1896; first department commander of Mi.ssouri 
 and national conmiander in chief of the Grand 
 Army of the Rejiublic 1888-89. 
 
 Warnock, William Robert, of Urbana, Ohio, 
 was b(.>rn at Crbana August 29, 183S; attended 
 public schools at Urbana, and graduated from the 
 high school there in 1855; taught school in 18.56 
 and in 1858 at Urbana; graduated from Ohio Wes- 
 leyau University in July, 1861, receiving the de- 
 gree of A. B., and in 1864 received the degree of 
 A. :M. from the same university; commenced the 
 study of law in 1861, Imt suspended that to enter 
 the Army, July 21, 1862, as captain of Company 
 G, Ninety-fifth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infan- 
 try; promoted to be major of the same regiment 
 July 28, 1863, for gallantry at Vicksburg, and bre- 
 vetted lieutenant-colonel March 15, 1865, for gal- 
 lantry at the battle of Nashville; chief of staff for 
 the eastern district of Mississippi from April to 
 August, 1865; served one year in the Fifteenth 
 Army Corps and two years in the Sixteenth Army 
 Corps; mustered out of service August 14, 1865, 
 and resumed the study of law; admitted to prac- 
 tice in May, 1866; elected prosecuting attorney in 
 the fall of 1867, antl served for two terms, from 
 January, 1868, to January, 1872; elected State 
 .senator to represent the eleventh Ohio district and 
 served for the years 1876 and 1877; elected judge 
 of the court of common pleas in the second judicial 
 district of Ohio in 1879, and reelected in 1884, and 
 served ten years, from November, 1879, to Novem- 
 ber, 1889; in 1901 received from Ohio Wesleyan 
 LTniversity the degree of LL. I).; served two 
 terms as junior vice-commander of the Ohio Com- 
 mandery of the ^Military Order of the L( ly al Legion ; 
 served two terms as commander of the Ohio Com- 
 mandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, 
 being elected May 1, 1898, and reelected May 
 1, 1899; charter member of W. A. Brand Post, 
 G. A. R., Urbana, and served two terms as its com- 
 mander; president of the National Bank of L^r- 
 bana; elected to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth 
 Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Warren, Cornelius, was born in Putnam 
 County, N. Y., in 1790; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; held several local offices; e!ecte<l a Repre- 
 sentative from New York to theThirtieth Congress 
 as a Whig; died at Cold Spring, N. Y., Julv 28, 
 1849. 
 
 Warren, Edward A., was born in Greene 
 County, Ala., Jlay 2, 1818; received a lilieral edu- 
 cation; stu<iied law and began practice in ^lissis- 
 si]5pi; served as a member of the Mississipiji State 
 house of representatives 1.84.5-46; move<lto Arkan- 
 sas in 1847 and located at Camden, where he prac- 
 ticed his profession; meml>er of the Arkansas 
 house of representatives 1848-49, the last year as 
 speaker; elected a Representative from Arkansas 
 to the Thirty-third and Thirty-fifth Congresses as 
 a Democrat; died in Nevada Countv, Ark., Julv 2, 
 1875. 
 
 Warren, Francis Emroy, of Cheyenne, Wyo., 
 was born at Hinsdale, Mass., June 20, 1844: re- 
 ceived a common school and academic education; 
 enlisted in 1862 in the Forty-ninth Massachu.setts 
 Regiment of Infantry, and served as private and 
 noncommissioned officer in that regiment until it 
 was mustered out of service; receixed Congres- 
 sional medal of honor for gallantry on battlefield 
 at siege of Port Hudson; afterwards captain in the 
 Massachusetts militia; engaged in fanning and 
 stock raising in Massachusetts until early in 1868, 
 when he moved to Wyoming (then a jiart of the 
 Territory of Dakota); became interested in real 
 estate, mercantile, live stock, and lighting Imsi- 
 ness; president of the senate of the \\'yoming 
 legislature in 1873-74, and member of the senate 
 
808 
 
 COXaRKSSIONAI. niRKfTORY. 
 
 in 1SS4-S.">: twice hu'iuIkt of tin- r<iiuuil, ami aU<i 
 iiiavnr lit' till- city 1)1 t'lH-vciiiH'. and wrve<l tlircc 
 Icriiis as trcasmvr of Wviuniii^'; nicinliiT of tin- 
 Wvi.inini.' ili-li'i;atiuii to tln' national Hc|inlili(an 
 coiivi'Mtioii at {'hii'ayo in ISSS, ami cliiiii-rnan of 
 the WvoMiiii).' lU-lfjiation to the national l;.'|inli- 
 liraii convention at I'liilailci phia in lUOO; cliainnan 
 of the HepuMican Territorial central committee, 
 ami iluiirmaii State central i-onimittee of Wvo- 
 niiii).' in ISiiii; ajipointed trovernorof Wyominjf l)y 
 Presi.leiit Arthur in Fchrnary, ISS'i, anil reinoveil 
 hy I'le.sident C'levelaml in Novemher, ISSti; asjain 
 appointed ijovernor of Wyominj; bv President 
 Harrison in March, Kssii, and served nntil the 
 Territory was admitted as a State, when elected 
 the first governor of the State; elected tu the 
 I'nited States Senate Novendier 18, IHIH), as a 
 Repuhlican; took his seat December 1, ISilO, and 
 served mitil the expiratiiin of his term. .March :f, 
 189:i: reelected January 2:i, 1895, and asiain in 
 1901. 
 
 Warren, Joseph M. , was born at Troy, N. Y., 
 in l,si;S: received a liberal education, and >;radu- 
 ated from the Washinjiton (now Trinity i CoUeire 
 at Hartford, Conn.: elected mayor of Troy in lsi2; 
 elected a Kepresentative from" New York to the 
 Forty-second Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Warren, Lott, was born in Burke County, Ga., 
 October 30, 1797: attended the common schools; 
 studied law, and adniitteil to pnuticein I8L'l: 
 moved to .Marion: served in the State house of 
 representatives in ISL'4 anil in the State senate in 
 1830; elected to the State hon.se of representatives 
 in 1831; judge of the inferior court of (ieorgia 
 1831-1834; elected a Kepresentative from (ieorgia 
 to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Con- 
 gresses a.s a Whii.'; died at Albany, (ia., June 17, 
 18(51. 
 
 Warren, William Wirt, was born at Brighton, 
 Mass., Feiiruary '27, 1834; pursued classical studies, 
 and graduated from Harvard College in 18,">4; 
 studied law, and in 18.57 admitted to practice; as- 
 .«essor of internal revenue in the seventh Ma.ssa- 
 chu.setts revenue district: delegate to the Demo- 
 cratic national convention in ISliS; mendierofthe 
 State .-enate of Mas.iachusetts in 1.S70: elected a 
 Uepresentative from Massachusetts to the Fortv- 
 fourth Congress as a Democrat: defeated for re- 
 election. 
 
 Warwick, John G., wa.s liorn in County Tyrone, 
 Ireland. Decendier ■_':!, "iS'M); came to America in 
 18.')0 and engaged in mercantile iiursuits; interest- 
 ed in milling, mining, and farming; elected lien- 
 tenant-governor of Ohio in isn:!; elected to the 
 Fifty-second Congress as a Democrat ; died August 
 14, 1891'. 
 
 Washburn, Cadwallader Colden, was born 
 at Liverniore. .Me., .\iiril L'L'. ISIS; received a 
 liberal education; moved to Wisconsin, and lo- 
 cated at Mineral Point, where he studied law: 
 elected a Ke|iresentative from Wisconsin to the 
 Thirty-fourth. Thirty-lifth, and Thirty-sixth Con- 
 gres-ses ;is a Republican; delegate from Wisconsin 
 to the peace convention in ISiil: served in the 
 I'nion Army as colonel, brigadier-geiu'ral, and 
 major-genersil; elected to the Fortieth and Forty- 
 first Congres-ses; governor of Wisconsin 1872-1874; 
 died at F.nieka Spring's, .\rk.. May 14. 1882. 
 
 Washburn, Henry D.. was iMirn in Windsor 
 County, Vt.. March 28, l.s;{2: received a limited 
 education: tanner; studied law and admitted to the 
 l>ar; moved to Vermilion County, Ind.; I'ounty 
 auditor 1854-1801; served in the Union Aruiv as 
 
 captain, colonel, and brigadier-general; elected a 
 Hepre.sentative from Indiana to the Thirty-ninth 
 Coni;re>s as a Republican, and took his seat after 
 a suicessfnl contest with 1 >. W. \'oorliees, who had 
 been given the certilicate of election; reelected to 
 the Fortieth Congre.ss. 
 
 Washburn. Israel, was iKjrn at Livermore, 
 Me.. .Inne »>, IslH: received a liberal education; 
 studied law and admitted to the bar; meml)er of 
 the State house of rejircsentatives 1H42; elected a 
 Representative from Maine to the Thirty-second, 
 Thirty-third, Thirty -fourth, Thirty-li'fth, and 
 Thirty-sixth Congre.sses as a Republican; resiirned 
 his seat in the Thirty-sixth Congress Jamiary 1, 
 IStil, having been electeil governor of .Maine 
 18<)l-t)2; dei'lined a reelection; collector of cus- 
 toms at Portland, .Me.. lS();i-18ti7; published in 
 1S74 Notes, Historical, Descriptive, atid Personal, 
 of Liverniore, Me.; died at Philadelphia. Pa., May 
 12. IS8.3. 
 
 Washburn, Ruel (uncle of Cadwallader C, 
 
 Klihu 15., and Israel Washburn), was l)orn at Rayn- 
 liam, .Ma.^^s., Ma> 21. 1793; received a clas.si'cal 
 education, gniduatini; from Brown I'niversity in 
 1S14; moved to Livermore, Me.: studied law; ad- 
 mitted to the bar in 1818, and <-onmienced practice 
 at I.ivermore; registerof probate for( )xford County 
 1,S21-1S23; member of the State senate in 1827 and 
 1828; claimed to have been elected a Representative 
 from Maine to the Twenty-tirst Congress as a 
 Whig by 5 majority, but the House of Representa- 
 tives gave the seat to his coi.ipetitor, James W. 
 Ripley, a Democrat; grand master of Ma.sons in 
 Maine; member of the executive council in 1829; 
 member of the State house of representatives 
 1832-18:55 and 1841; judge of probate for Andro- 
 scoggin Count vl8.5t>-18.59; died at Liverniore, Me.. 
 March 4. 1S7S.' 
 
 Washburn, William B., W!is born at Winch- 
 endon, Mass., January 31, 1820; graduated from 
 Y'ale t'olleue in 1844: moved to (ireenlield and 
 engaged in iianking; served in both branches of 
 the legislature: elected a Rejiresentative from 
 Massachu.-^etts to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, 
 Fortieth, Forty-lirsI, ami Forty-.secoml Con«;resses 
 as a Republican, resigning January 1, ls72. to be- 
 come governor of >la.s.sachnsetts; reelected gov- 
 ernor in 1872 and 1873, resigning May 1, 1874, 
 having been chosen Cnited States Senator (vice 
 Charles Sumner, deceased I, serving until March, 
 3,1875; president of tin- (ireenlield National Bank; 
 trustee of SmithCollege at Northampton: director 
 of the Comucticnt River Kailroad; corjiorate 
 member of the .\nicriian Board of ( 'oninii.-sioners 
 of Foreign .Missions; alumni trustee of Yale Col- 
 lege 1872-18S1 ; lirst president of the ConiKHticut 
 Valley Congregational Club, 1.S.S2; trustee of the 
 .Massachusetts .\gricidtural College and meml)er 
 of the board of overseers of .\ndierst College; 
 built a free library for his townspeople, and re- 
 ceived the degree of l.L. D. from Harvard (.'ollege 
 in 1S72; died at Springlield. Ma>s.. ( Ktobero, 1887. 
 
 Washburn, William Drew, of Minnea|Hdis, 
 Minn., was born at Livermore, .\ndroscoggin 
 County, Me., January 14, 1.S31; reared on a fann, 
 attending connnon school and fitting for college 
 in winter and working on a farm in siunmer until 
 tlu'ageof 20. graduating from Bowdoin College 
 in 1S54; read law; moved to the West and located 
 at Minneapolis. Miini.. in l.s.'i7; eniiaged in the 
 |>racticeof law and other pursuits until bsiil, when 
 appointed I'nited States surveyor-genend of Min- 
 ne.«(.ta by President Lincoln, which oHice he held 
 for four years, residing at St. Paul during that 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 869 
 
 time; after tlie expiration of his term of office re- 
 turned to Minneaiiolis: engaged in the different 
 manufaetnring industries of thatrity; director and 
 large owner and for many years managing agent 
 of the Minneapolis Water Power Company; prin- 
 cipal projector and later the president of the Min- 
 neapolis and St. Louis Railway Company; elected 
 to the legislature of Minnesota in 1.S5!-; and 1S71; 
 elected to the Forty-sixth, Forty-seventli, and 
 Forty-eighth Congresses as a Republican ; elected 
 to the United States Senate to succeed Dwight 
 May Saliiu, and took his seat March 4, 1889. 
 
 Washburne, EUhu Benjamin, was born at 
 Livermore, U.xford County, Me., September 2o, 
 1816; received a common school education; prin- 
 ters' apprentice; assistant editor of the Kennebec 
 Journal, Augusta; studied law, and in 1839 ad- 
 mitted to the bar; moved to Galena, 111., in 1840, 
 where he jiracticed his profession; delegate to the 
 Whig convention in Baltimore in 1844, and in 
 1852 to the I'onventinn which nominated Ueneral 
 Scott for the Presidencv; elected a Representative 
 from Illinois to the thirtv-third, Thirty-fourth, 
 Thirty-fifth, Thirty-sixth, thirty-seventh, Thirty- 
 eighth, Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, and Forty-first 
 Congresses; appointed Secretary of State by Pres- 
 ident Grant, but resigned a few days afterwards 
 to accept the mission to France; on the declara- 
 tion of the Fi-anco- Prussian war he was asked to 
 protect with the American flag the diplomatic 
 headquarters of the various German States in Paris 
 and the records they contained, as well as the 
 persons and property of the German residents in 
 the city; remained in Paris during the siege and 
 was the only foreign minister that continued at 
 his post during the days of the comnmne, giving 
 protection to not only Germans, but to all the 
 foreigners left by their ministers; served as minis- 
 ter until 1877, wheii he returned to Illinois; while 
 his remains were lying in state the German flag 
 was displayed at the foot of the catafaUiue liy the 
 express desire of the Emperor; died at Chicago, 
 111., Octolicr 22, 1SS7. 
 
 Washington, George, was born in Westmore- 
 land County, Ya., February 22, 1732; educated by 
 a private tutor; became a land surveyor; entered 
 the military service of Virginia in 1751, and re- 
 mained in the iield until the close of the French war; 
 member of the colonial house of burgesses 17fiO- 
 1775; Delegate from Virginia to the Continental 
 Congress 1784-85; chosen Commander in Chief 
 July 3, 1775; resigned his commission December 
 23, 1783; president of the convention that framed 
 the Federal Constitution; elected President and 
 reelected President of the United States, serving 
 from 1789 to 1797; died at Mount Vernon, Va., 
 December 14, 1799. 
 
 Washington, George C, was born in West- 
 moreland County. Va., Angu.st 20, 1789; graduated 
 from Harvard College; stmlied law and admitted 
 to the l)ar; fariuer; elected a Representative frum 
 Maryland to the Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty- 
 second, Twenty-third, and Twenty-fourth Con- 
 gresses; died at Georgetown, D. C, July 17, 1854. 
 
 Washington, Joseph E., of Cedarhill, Tenn., 
 was burn at Wessyngton, the family homestead, 
 Robertson County, Tenn., November 10, 1851; 
 educated at home and at Georgetown College, 
 District of Colnnd)ia, from whence he graduated 
 June 26, 1873; studieil law with the first law class 
 organized at Vanderbilt I'niversity, Nashville, in 
 1874; gave uj) his law studies to engage in farm- 
 ing; elected a member of the house of rejiresenta- 
 tives of the legislature in November, 1870; elector 
 
 on the Hancock and English ticket for the Fourth 
 Congressional district in 1880; elected t(_i the 
 Fiftieth, Fifty-first, Fifty-second, Fifty-third, and 
 Fifty-fourth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Washington, William H. , was born in Wayne 
 County, N.C., February 7, 1S13; studied law, and 
 in 1835 admitted to the bai-; began practice at 
 Newbern; elected a Representative from North 
 Carolina to the Twenty-seventh Ccjngress as a 
 Whig; declined a reelection; 'served in the Stale 
 house of representatives 1843 and 1846, and in the 
 State senate 1848, 18-50, and 1852; died at New- 
 berne, N. C, August 12, 1860. 
 
 Waters, Russell Judson, of Los Angeles, Cal., 
 was born June li, 1843, at lialifax,Vt.; moved at 
 the age of 4 to Franklin County, Mass.; his early 
 life was spent in factory and on the farm, attend- 
 ing district schools as he could find time; learned 
 the machinist trade at Sherburne Falls, Mass.; 
 taught school at Charleinont Center, Mass.; grad- 
 uated from Franklin Institute, same State, W'here 
 he was later engaged as professor of Latin and 
 mathematics; studied law, and admitted to the 
 bar in 1863, continuing in the practice of his pro- 
 fession until 1886; went to California for his health; 
 located at Redlands, and moved to Liis Angeles 
 in 1894; engaged in the development of the south- 
 ern part of the State; president of the Pasadena 
 Consolidated Gas Company, president of the Los 
 Angeles Directory Company, treasurer of the 
 Los Angeles Chamber of Connnerce. vice-presi- 
 dent of the Citizens' Bank, and CLinnected with 
 many other public institutions; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from California to the Fifty-sixth Con- 
 gress as a Republican. 
 
 Watkins, Albert G., was born in Jefferson 
 County, Tenn., May 5, 1818; graduated from Hol- 
 ston College, Tennessee; studied law, and began 
 practice at Panther Springs, Tenn.; member of 
 the State house of representatives in 1845; Presi- 
 dential elector in 1848; elected a Representative 
 from Tennessee to the Thirty-first Congress as a 
 Whig, and reelected to the Thirty-second Congress; 
 defeated for reelection to the Tliirty-third Con- 
 gress; elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a 
 Democrat, and reelected to the Thirty-fifth Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Watmough, John G. , was born at Wilmington, 
 Del., December 6, 1793; pursueil classical studies anil 
 graduated from Princeton College and the I'niver- 
 sity of Pennsylvania; served in the war of 1812; 
 elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Twenty-second Congress; reelected to the Twenty- 
 third Congress; high sheriff of Philadelphia 
 1835-36; surveyor of the port of Philadelphia 
 1841-1845; died at Philadelphia November 27, 
 1861. 
 
 Watson, Cooper K. , was a native of (;)hio: re- 
 ceived a limited education; held several local 
 offices; elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
 Thirty-fourth Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Watson, David K. , of Columbus, tdiio, was 
 born on a farm near London, JIadison County, 
 Ghio, June 18, 1849; graduated from Dickinson 
 College, Carlisle, Pa., in 1871, and two years later 
 from the law department of the University of 
 Boston; assistant United States district attorney 
 for the southern district of Ghio during the Ad- 
 ministration of President Arthur; nominated by 
 the Republican State convention of Ohio for 
 attorney-general in 1887, and renominated by 
 acclamation in 1889; appointed by Attorney- 
 (ieneral Miller special I'ounsel for the United 
 
870 
 
 CONOKKSSIONAL DIKKCTHKY. 
 
 Stiitos ill tlio suits linmtilit liy the ( iipvcriiiiK'iit 
 a);iiiiist till' I'aiilii- niilniailK in isiii'; eliTlfil to 
 tiu' Kilty-t'oiirtli (.'nii^irv.-'s as ;i Kcpiililican. 
 
 Watson, James, was a native of Now York 
 C'itv; retvivi'il a litieial cilucation; studiiMl ami 
 j)ractire(l law; iiu'inlH'r of the Stale house of ivp- 
 resentalivos 17!M, 17!M, I7!I5, and ITlKi; ineniher 
 of the Statesenute in 17;»8; elected a Tnited States 
 Senator from New York (vice Jolin Sloss llohart, 
 resigned) as a Pemoirat. serviiij; from Di'iemlier 
 U, 17HS, to Mareh lit, 1^01; resifrned to aceej)! tlie 
 pot-ition of I'nited States navy agent at New York. 
 
 Watson, James E., of Kushville, Iiid., was 
 liorn ill W'iiirlu-stri-, Haiidolph County, Ind., No- 
 veiiilirr L', ISli-l; •.'laduated froiii tlie Winchester 
 lli'^li School in issl; entered I >c f'auw I'liiversity 
 the same year, anil reiuaiiu'il in that institution 
 until the year I XS5, when he returned home and 
 tookupthe study of law; admitteil to the liar in 
 18St), ami eiii.'a-.'ed in the prac-tice of his profession; 
 niemhcr of the Knights of I'ythiasand was j;riind 
 chancellor of the order; elected president of the 
 State Kpworth League of the Methodist ICpiscopal 
 Church in ISlii; and reelected in ISiCi; can<lidate 
 on the Hepuhlican ticki't for I'residential elector 
 in ISMi;; moved to Kushville in ISli.'! ami formed 
 a partnershiji in the practice of law with lion, 
 tiates Sexton: contested for the nomination for 
 secretary of state in 1S94, and second in a list of 
 strong candidates before the convention: elected 
 to the Fifty-fourth Con'iress as a Keputilican over 
 the veteran William S. llohnan; reelected to 
 the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth 
 Congresses. 
 
 Watson, Lewis F., was born in Crawford 
 C'iiunty, I'a., .\\>r\\ 14, ISli); received an academic 
 education; eiigageil in mercantile pui'suits; for lil'- 
 teen years an extensive operator in lunilieraiid in 
 the production of petroleum; eleitcd president of 
 the Warren Savings Bank at its organization in 
 1S70; electeil to the Forty-tifth, Forty-seventh, 
 and Fiftv-lirst Coiigresse.s as a Kepublican: died 
 August 14, 189(1. 
 
 Watson, Thomas E., of Thomson, (ia., was 
 born in Columbia County, (ia., l^eplember.'i, bS.iti; 
 received a common school education, and then 
 sent to Mercer I'niversity, Macon, Ua.; taught 
 school two vears; read law ami admitted to the bar; 
 commeneeil [iracticeat Thomson, (ia.. NovemlH'r, 
 187r>: member of the (ieorgia legislature IS82-8:i: 
 DeUMicratic elector for the State at large in 1SS8; 
 besides the practice of law largely interested in 
 farming: elected to the Fifty-stMcmd Congress as a 
 Democrat; candidate for Vici'-l'iesiili'iit on the 
 ]'..pulist ticket in l.HSiti, an<l defeated. 
 
 Watterson, Harvey M. ( father of Henry Wat- 
 terson), was born in Bedford County, Tenii.. 
 Noveiiiberl.';i, IMl; received a cla.-sical edmation; 
 established ami edited a jiaper in Shelbyville, 
 Tenn., in 18:11; elected to the State legislature in 
 l.S.'tT; electeil a K'epresentalive from Tennes,<ee to 
 the Twentv-sixth Congnv-s as a Democrat: re- 
 electe<l to tlie Twenly-.sevenlh Congress: declined 
 a reelection: sent by rresiilent Tyler on a diplo- 
 matic mission to Buenos Ayres, where he remained 
 for a year: on his return elected to the legislature 
 and U'caiiie speaker; editor and proprietor of the 
 Nashville I'niou 1847-1H.">1. and became editor of 
 the Washington I'nion in 18.t1 ; ilelegate from Ten- 
 nessee to the national Democratic convention at 
 Baltimore in bSiJO. ainl also one of tin- eh'<-tors: 
 practiced law at Washington, D. C. : died at Louis- 
 ville, Ky., October 1, l.sSH. 
 
 Watterson. Henry, was born at Washington. 
 1). C., February Hi, 1840; received a liberal ciluia- 
 tion; became a journalist: his lirst newspaper 
 employment was on the Washington States, a 
 Democratic paper; returned to Tenne.s.see in 18lil 
 and edited the Kepublican Banner, at Nashville; 
 etitereil the Confeilerate service; edited the Chat- 
 tanooga Kebel; moved to I^oiiisville in 18()7; pur- 
 ••hased the Louisville Journal, which he consoli- 
 dated with the Cotirier, and iH-caine publisher of 
 the Louisville Courier- Journal; electeil to the 
 Forty-fourth Congress as a Democrat (vice K. Y. 
 Parsons, deceased), serving from August 12, 187f>, 
 to March :i, 1877. 
 
 Watts, John, was born at New York City .\ii- 
 gust L'7, 174!l; received a limited education; mem- 
 ber of the State house of representatives 17!M-I7!':i; 
 elected a Kepreseiitative from New York to the 
 Thiixi Congress; died at New Y'ork City SeptemlHT 
 :;, 18:{(>. 
 
 Watts, John S., wiis born in Boone County, 
 Ky., January 111, 181(); moved to Indiana, wheie 
 he received a lilK-ral education and graduati d 
 from the I'liiveivity of Indiana; studied law and 
 began practice; served in the State house of rei>- 
 resentatives; ai>pointed a.ssociate justice of the 
 I'nited States court in New Mexico 18.51-18."it>, 
 when he resigned; electetl a Deleg-ate from New 
 Mexico to the Thirty-seventh Congre.s,s; took an 
 active jiart in e(|uiiiping troo].s fir the Cniori 
 .\rmy; a])pointed chief justice (f the supreme court 
 of New Mexico in 18()8 by President Johnson. 
 
 Waugh, Dan, of Ti|iton, Ind.. was born March 
 7, 1S4L'; lirouglit lip on a farm in Wells County, 
 Ind., until the breaking out of the war; receiviil 
 a common school education; served for three 
 years as a private in Company A, Thirty-fourth 
 Indiana Volunteer Infantry; after the war at- 
 tended a iirivate school for two vears during the 
 summer and taught in the pulilic schools during 
 the winter; studied law while working on a farm: 
 admitted to the bar and settled in Tipton in 18ti7: 
 practiced his ]profession until 1.S84, when elected 
 to the ollice of judge of the thirty-sixth judicial 
 circuit for six yeai-s; elected a Ke|iresentative from 
 Indiana to the iMfty-second and Fifty-thinl t'oii- 
 gre.sses as a Repulilican. 
 
 Wayne, Anthony, was born at East Town. 
 I'a., .lanuary i, 174.'i: received a limited education: 
 farmer: member of the colonial hou.<e of repre- 
 sentatives in 177H; served in the Kevolutionary 
 Army: after the war moved to Georgia, and located 
 upon a tract of land donated him by that .Sfateasa 
 reconipen.se for his military service: deh^giite to the 
 State constitutional convention in 1787: elected a 
 Kepresentative from ( ieorgia to the Second Con- 
 gress, but on March 21, 17!I2. his seat was iledared 
 vacant by the House: declined to beacsindidate for 
 reelection; agiiin t>ntercd the service of the I'nited 
 .states .\rmyas major-general and general in chief 
 of the Army; concluded a treaty .\ugiist 8, 179.i. 
 with the hostile Indians northwest of the (Ihio 
 River; diedat IVesipie Isle, I'a., DecemlnT l'^, l7!Hi. 
 
 Wayne. Isaac, was born iu Warren County, 
 I'a.. in 177(t; received a conmion school education; 
 elected a Kepresentative from I'ennsylvania to the 
 Kighteenth Congress as a Feileralist; died in Ches- 
 ter Comity, I'a., October 2.), l.s.")2. 
 
 Wayne. James Moore, was born at Savannah, 
 (ia., in 171K); gniduated from I'rinceton College 
 in l.S((8; studied law and admitted to the bar; be- 
 gan ))i-acticing at .Savannah in 181(1; served two 
 terms in the State house of reiirt'.sentatives; mayor 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 871 
 
 of Savannah in 1823; judge of the superior court 
 1.S24-1S29; elected a Representative from Georgia 
 to the Twenty-tirst Congress aa a Jackson Dfnio- 
 crat; reelected to the Twenty-second and Twenty- 
 third Congresses; resigned January l:!, ISlin, 
 having been appointed associate justice of the 
 United States Supreme Court; died at Washing- 
 ton, D. C, July 5, 1867. 
 
 "Weadock, Thomas A. E., of Bay City, Mich., 
 was l>orn January 1, IS.iO, at Ballygarret, County 
 Wexford, Ireland; his parents emigrated to Amer- 
 ica during his infancy and settled at St. Marys, 
 Ohio, .soon afterwards moving to a farm near St. 
 Marys, where they resided until their death; edu- 
 catecl in the common .schools; on the return of his 
 elder brother from the Army in l.S(i.5 went to Cin- 
 cinnati, Ohio, and began to learn the i)rintingt raile; 
 disliking thi.s business, returned and attended the 
 Union School at St. Marys for a year; taught 
 school in the counties of Auglaize, Shelby, and 
 Miami for the period of five years; entered the 
 law department of Michigan University in 1871; 
 read law during the vacation at Detroit, and 
 graduated bachelor of laws in March, 1873; in 
 that year, after further study at Detroit, admitted i 
 to the bar, and in 1873 located at Bay City; as- 
 sisted in making an abstract of title to the real | 
 estate in Bay County; in 1874 began the practice 
 of law in Bay City; appointed prosecuting attorney i 
 of Bav Couiity in 1877, and served till December | 
 31, 18'78; mayor of Bay City from April, 1883, to \ 
 April, 188.'i; member of the board of education of 
 Bay City for a short time; elected to the Fifty- 
 second and Fifty-third Congresses as a Democrat; 
 resumed the practice of law after leaving Congress. 
 
 Weakley, Robert, was born in Halifax County, 
 Va., July 20, 17H4; elected a Representative from 
 Tennessee to the Eleventh Congress; died near 
 Nashville, Tenn., February 4, 1845. 
 
 Weaver, Archibald J. , was born at Dundaff , 
 Susquehanna County, Pa., April 1.5, 1844; worked 
 by the month as a farm hand from the time he 
 was 9 years old until he was 17; educated at 
 Wyoming Seminary, Pa., and one of the faculty 
 of "that institution 1864-1867; studied law at Har- 
 vard University, and admitted to jiractice law at 
 Boston, JIass., in January, 1869; moved to Falls 
 City, Nebr., in the spring of 1869; elected to the 
 constitutional convention of that State in 1871; 
 elected district attorney for the first district of 
 Nebraska in 1872; member of the constitutional 
 convention of Nebraska in 187.t; elected judge of 
 the first judicial district of Nebraska in 187.5; 
 reelected in 1879, and resigned in 1883; elected to 
 the Forty-eighth ami Forty-ninth Congresses as a 
 Republican; died April 18, 1887. 
 
 Weaver, James B., of Bloomtield, Iowa, was 
 born at Dayton, Ohio, June 12, 1833; received a 
 common school education; studied law and gradu- 
 ated from the Cincinnati Law School in A[)ril, 
 18.56; enlisted as a jjrivate in the Second Iowa In- 
 fantry in April, 1861; elected first lieutenant of 
 CorapanyG of that regiment; promoted major Octo- 
 ber 3, 1862, and comnds.sioned colonel of that regi- 
 ment October 12, 1862, the colonel and lieutenant- 
 colonel having both been killed in the battle of 
 Corinth, Miss.: brevetted brigadier-general of vol- 
 unteers for gallantry on the field, to date from March 
 13, 1864; elected district attorney for tlie second 
 judicial district of Iowa in January, 1867, and held 
 the office six years, when it was abolished liy law; 
 elected to the Forty-sixth Congress as a Cireen- 
 backer; nominated in 1880 at Chicago by the Na- 
 tional party as their candidate for President of the 
 
 United States, and receiveil about 350,000 votes; 
 elected to the Forty-ninth Congress by the Na- 
 tionals and Democrats, having been nominated 
 and supported by both; reelei'teil to the Fiftieth 
 Congress by the Democratic and (ireenback-Labor 
 parties, having been nominated by both; People's 
 Party candidate for Presiilent in 1892, receiving 22 
 electoral votes; mayor of Colfax, Iowa. 
 
 Weaver, Walter L., of Springfield, Ohio, was 
 born in Montgomery County, Ohio, April 1, 1851; 
 educated at the public schools, Monroe Academy, 
 and Wittenberg College, graduating from the lat- 
 ter institution in 1870; immediately pursued the 
 study of law, and admitted to the bar by the 
 supreme court of his native State in 1872 and 
 immediately began practice; elected prosecuting 
 attorney for Clark County in 1874, 1880, 1882, and 
 1885; elected to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth 
 Congresses as a Republican; after leaving Con- 
 gress resumed the practice of law. 
 
 Webber, George W., was born at Newbury, 
 Vt., November 25, 1825; received a common .school 
 education; engaged in farming, lumliering, manu- 
 facturing, mercantile pursuits, and banking; elected 
 to the Forty-seventh Congress as a Republican; 
 died January 15, 1900. 
 
 Weber, John B., of Buffalo, N. Y., was Iwrn 
 there September 21, 1842; educated in the public 
 and private schools and the Central School of 
 Buffalo; enlisted in the civil war as a private in 
 the Forty-fourth Regiment of New York ^'olun- 
 teers, August 7, 1861, and rapidly prom(jted, attain- 
 ing the rank of colonel of the Eighty-nintli United 
 States Colored Infantry; jiarticipated in many im- 
 portant engagements; assistant postmaster of Buf- 
 falo inl871-1873; elected sheriff of Erie County for 
 1874-1876; elected to the Forty-ninth and Fiftieth 
 Congresses as a Republican; commissioner of im- 
 migration at the port of New York 1890-1893; ap- 
 pointed commissioner-general of the Pan-American 
 Exposition. 
 
 Webster, Daniel, waslxirnat Salisbury, N. H., 
 January 18, 17.S2; graduated from Dartmouth Col- 
 lege in 1801; studied law, and in 1805 began prac- 
 tice at Salisbury; moved to Portsmouth in 1807 
 where he practiced; elected a Representative from 
 New Hampshire to the Thirteenth and F'ourteenth 
 Congresses; moved to Boston in 1816; Presidential 
 elector in 1820; delegate to the State constitutional 
 convention in 1821 ; elected a Representative from 
 Massachusetts to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth 
 Congresses; elected a United States Senator from 
 Massachusetts and reelected, serving from 1827 to 
 1841; resigned, having been ajipointed Secretary 
 of State by President Harrison and again by Presi- 
 dent Tyler 1841-1843; again olecteil United States 
 Senator from Massachusetts 1845-1850, when he 
 again resigned, having been appointed Secretary 
 of State by President Fillmore, and served until 
 his death "at Marshfield, Mass., October 24, 1852. 
 
 Webster, Edwin H. , was born in Harford 
 County, Md., March 31, 1829; received a classical 
 education; member of the State senate 18.55-18.59; 
 Presidential elector on the Fillmore ticket in 18.56; 
 elected a Representative from Maryland to the 
 Thirty-sixth Congress as a Re])ulilican, and re- 
 elected to the Thirty-seventh, Thirty-eighth, and 
 Thirty-ninth Congresses, liut resigned, lia\ing I leen 
 appointed collector of customs at the port of Bal- 
 timore in 1865; died at Belair, Md., April 24, 1893. 
 
 Webster, Taylor, was a nati\e of Pennsylvania; 
 moved to Ohio where he received a limited educa- 
 tion; elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
 
872 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIKKCTOKY. 
 
 Twenty-third Congress uk a .larksmi lii'mmnit; 
 i-eolwteil to tiie Twenty-fourtli ami Twenty-fifth 
 Congiwises. 
 
 Weeks, Edgar, i>f Mount ('Unions, Macoint) 
 County, Mich,, was Imrn at Mnunt Cli-inens, Au- 
 frust S, \X'.i\>: received hin edmaliim in the onhhc 
 schools of Monnt Cleiiiens; learned the tr-a<le of a 
 printer and follinved that hnsiness until aliout IS 
 years of ajre, when he^ran tliesludv of law at Monnt 
 Clemens, andadniitlcd to the harm .hinuary, IWil ; 
 at the outhreak of tin- civil war enlisted in Com- 
 nany ]!of tlie Fifth Michipm Vnlnnteer Infantry, 
 June 1!), IStil, and iiia<le lirst seri;cant of the coin- 
 ]Miny; promoted to lirst lieutenant and adjutant of 
 theTwenty-second Miihifran Volunteer Infantry in 
 1S()2; promoted tohe captain in the same regiment 
 in 18i>3; in Deeendn^r of that year, on account of 
 injuries received in the service, was mustered out; 
 appointed assistant inspector-fieiieral of the Third 
 Uripidc, Second Division, Reserve Corps, Army 
 of the Cnmlierland, mider (ien. (ti)rilon Gran};er 
 in lSO:i, and iiarticipatcd in the mnvements from 
 Nashville to CliattaniK.j:a until after the hattle of 
 Chiekamaufia; on rettn-nins; to civil life liecanie 
 one of the |)roprietors of a Keiiuhlican newspai>er, 
 of which he was editor; resumed the practice of 
 lawat Mount Clemens in ISdH; twiceelected pros- 
 ecutiii}! attoriu-y, aii<l afterwards ajipdinted jud^re 
 of prol)ale of Macomh Coimty; candidate for Con- 
 gress in lSS-1, hut defeated; elected to the Fifty- 
 sixth and Fifty-seventh (\in)jresses as a Hepuhlican. 
 
 Weeks. JohnW., was horn at< ircenland, X. II., 
 in ITIiIi; received a liunted education; carjienler: 
 recruited a company for the Kleventh I'nited 
 .•^tates Infantry and s<'rved as its captain in the 
 war fif ISlL'; jiromoted to the rank of major; re- 
 turned to Coos County, N. II., where he hehl sev- 
 eral local oHices; elected a Representative from 
 New Hampshire to the Twenty-tirst and Twentv- 
 second Congresses; died at Lancaster, X. II., in 
 1S.V?. 
 
 Weeks, Joseph, was a native of Ma-osachusetts; 
 moved to Richmond, X. II.; held several local of- 
 fices in Cheshire County: electe<la Representative 
 from New Hampshire to the Twenty-fourth Con- 
 press as a IVmocrat an<l reelected to the Twenty- 
 liffh CouL'ress. 
 
 Weeins, John C, was horn at AVaterloo, Cal- 
 vert County, Md.; electeil a Repre.si'Utative from 
 Maryland to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Con- 
 gresses, serving from Fehruarv 7, ISL'ti, to March 
 3, 1829. 
 
 Weightman, Richard Hanson, was horn in 
 Maryland in ISIS; attended llu- West Point ^Mili- 
 tary Acailemy 1 SH.t- 1 .s.iT ; served as captain in the 
 Mexican war; moved to New Mexico; elected a 
 Delegate from New Mexico to the Thirty-secoml 
 Congress as a Democrat; died near Wil.sons Creek, 
 Mo., August 10, IStil. 
 
 Welch, Adonijah S., was born at ICast Hamp- 
 ton, Conn., April 11.', 1S21; moved to Alichigan 
 anil graduated from the I'liiversity of Miihigan in 
 1S4(1; studied law and admitted to the har; pre- 
 ferred teaching, and apjifiinted principal of the 
 .Tonesville High School in 1S47; ap]iointed [irinci- 
 pal of the Michigan State Normal School in IS.tI; 
 moved to Floriilaand l>ecame chairmanof theState 
 Repnhlican committee in IStvi; elei-ted a I'nited 
 States Senator from Floriila as a Re|inl>lican, serv- 
 ing from July 2, IStiS, to March '.i. lS()i>; moved to 
 Iowa anil i-hosen president of the Iowa State .\gri- 
 cultund College; died at I'asadena, Cal., March 
 16, 18»9. 
 
 Welch, Frank, was a native of Mas.'^aihusetts; 
 horn Fehruary 1(1, IS.!.'); griidnatiHl from lioston 
 High School; ailopted profession of engineering: 
 moved to Xehnu-ka in 1S.')7: mendierof Territorial 
 and Slate legislatures; register of land ollice at 
 West I'oinl, Xehr., l.S71-l«7t); electeil a Delegate 
 from Xehniska to the Forty-fifth Conirress as a 
 Repuhlican; ilie<l In'fore the expiration of his term 
 at Xeligh, Nehr., Seiitend)er 4, 187S. 
 
 Welch, John, was horn in Harri.son County, 
 Ohio. OctolHT L'S, IM).!; received a liln-ral eiluca- 
 ticmand grailuated from Franklin College; studied 
 law. and in ls:{:l lie;.'aM practice at Athens, ( lliio; 
 memher of the State .•^enate 1840—47; elected a 
 Repri-.seiitative from Ohio to the Thirty-second 
 Congress as a A\'hig. 
 
 Welch, William W. , was Iwirn at Xorfolk, 
 Conn., Decendier 10, ISlS; studieil medicine and 
 graduated from the meciical <lepartment of Yale 
 College in 1S.'!8; hegan practicing at Xorfolk; 
 served in both hranclies of the State legislature; 
 elected a Repre.sentative from Connecticut to the 
 Thirty-fourth Congress as an American. 
 
 Welker, Martin, was horn in Knox County, 
 Ohio, .Vjiril L'.'). ISlii; attended thec<immon schoofs; 
 stuilii'd law and admitteil to the har; jmlge of the 
 sixth judicial district 1 852-1857; moved toAVooster 
 in 18.i7: lieutenant-governor of Ohio in 1S.')7 and 
 declined a renomination: colonel in the I'nion 
 Army: eleiteil a Repre.sentative from ("Uiio to the 
 Thirty-ninth. Fortieth, and Forty-first Congresses 
 as a Repuhlican. 
 
 Wellborn, Marshall J., was horn in Putnam 
 Coimly, »ia.. Mav 2:', ISOS; reci-ived a liheral edu- 
 cation; studied law and practiied: held several 
 local ollices; elected a Representative from I Georgia 
 to the Thirty-lirst Congress as a Democrat; died 
 at Cohnnhus, (ia., Octolier Ui, 1874. 
 
 Wellborn, Olin, of Dallas, Tex., was elected to 
 the Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and 
 Forty-ninth ( 'ongre.'^sj-s as a Democrat. 
 
 Weller, John B., was horn in Ohio in 1812; 
 received a public school education; elected a Rei>- 
 resentative from Ohio to the Twenty-sixth, 
 Twentv-seventh, and Twenty-eighth Congres.ses 
 as a f)emoerat; moved to California; a Uiiite<l 
 States Senator from California I.s52-l,8.'i7: gov- 
 ; ernnr of California 1858-1860; nnnister to Mexico 
 1,S()0-<)I: deleg-ate to the national Democratic con- 
 vention at Chicago in ]8t>4; diinl at Xew Orleans 
 August 7, 1875. 
 
 Weller, Luman H. , of Xashua, Iowa, w.is horn 
 at Hridgewater, Conn., .\ugust 24, is;!.!: ivceived a 
 common school anil acadendc eihuation; also a 
 courseat State Normal Schnnl, Xew Hritain. Comi., 
 and Literary Institute. Sutlield, Conn.; went We.st 
 in lS.5!t and located in Chieka.saw County, Iowa, 
 where he tilled the soil in the daytime and studieil 
 law, politics, and theology at night; defeated as 
 an indeiwndent candidate for the State legislature 
 in 18()7; elected a Rejiresentative from Iowa 'o 
 the Forty-eighth Congress as a National. 
 
 Welling-ton, George L., of CmnlHTland, Mil., 
 was luirn of (ierman parentage at CumU-rland, 
 .\llegany County, Mil., .lamiary 28, l.s52; attendeil 
 a Gernum school for a brief pericul, otherwist' .self- 
 educated; at the age of 12 Ugan work in a canal 
 store in Cumberland: appninliHl to a ilerkship in 
 the^econd National Rank of CundnTland in 1S70; 
 later Iweame teller: appointed treasurer of .VIU"- 
 ganv County in 1882 and servinl until Isss; again 
 api>ointeil in 1890: delegate to the national Repid)- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 873 
 
 Hcan conventions of 1SS4 and 1888; nominated by 
 the Repulilieau party for comptroller of Maryland 
 in 1889, and defeated after an active canvass; ap- 
 pointed Ijy President Harrison assistant treasurer 
 of the T'nited States at Baltimore in July, 1890; 
 elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress as a Repub- 
 lican; elected to the United States Senate as a 
 Re))ublican, and took his seat March 4, 1897; 
 served until March 3, 1903. 
 
 Wells, Alfred, was born at Dagsboro, Del., 
 May '11, iS14; received a classical education; 
 studied law, and began practice at Ithaca, N. Y.; 
 held several local othces; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Thirty -sixth Congress as a 
 Republican; died at Ithaca, N. Y., in 1867. 
 
 Wells, Daniel, was a native of !Maine; attended 
 the jiublie schools; moved to Milwaukee, Wis., 
 in 1836; engaged in bankingand lumbering; elected 
 a Representative from Wisconsin to the Thirty- 
 third and Thirty-fourth Congresses as a Democrat; 
 died at Milwaukee in 1858. 
 
 Wells, Erastus, was born in Jefferson County, 
 N. Y., Decendiier 2, 1823; received a public 
 school education; at the age of 19 went to 
 St. Louis; established the tirst omnibus line in 
 that city, and subsequently inaugurated the iirst 
 street railroad company; fifteen yeai's a member 
 of the city council; president of the Missouri Rail- 
 road Company and of the AVest Knd Narrow 
 Gauge Railroad Company, and a director in sev- 
 eral other incorporated companies; Representative 
 from Missouri to the Forty-first, Forty-second, 
 Forty-third, Forty-fourth, and Forty-sixth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; died October 2, 1893. 
 
 Wells, Guilford Wiley, was born in Livings- 
 ton County, N. Y., Feliruary 18, 1840; received a 
 classical education; graduated in law from Colum- 
 bian College, District of Columbia; served in the 
 Union Army 1S61-186.5; mustered outas lieutenant- 
 colonel; for several years United States attorney 
 for the northern district of Slississippi; elected a 
 RepreseTitative from Mississippi to the Forty-fourth 
 Congress as an Administration Republican. 
 
 Wells, John, was a native of New York; re- 
 ceived a lilieral education; studied law, and began 
 practice at New York City; held several local of- 
 fices; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig; died at 
 New York. 
 
 Wells, John S., was born at Durham, N. H., 
 Octolier IS, 1S03; received a limited education; 
 studied law, and liegan practice at Exeter; served 
 several years in the State house of rejiresentatives, 
 part of "the time as speaker; appointed a United 
 States Senator from New Hamjishire (vice Moses 
 Norris), serving from January 22, 1855, to March 
 
 3, 18.55; died at Exeter, N. H"., August 1, 1860. 
 
 Wells, Owen A., of Fond du Lac, AVis., was 
 born in Catskill, Greene County, N. Y., February 
 
 4, 1844, and moved to Fond ilu Lac with his parents 
 whenaboy; educated in publicandprivateschools; 
 lawyer by profession, and also engaged in farming 
 and stockraising; collector of internal revenue for 
 the third Wisconsin district under Grover Cleve- 
 land for two years, until the district was consoli- 
 dated with the Alilwaukeedistrict; delegate to the 
 national Democratic convention at St. Louis in 
 1888; always a Democrat, and elected as such to 
 the Fifty-third Congress; resumed the practice of 
 law after leaving Ccjngress. 
 
 Wells, William H. , was born in Pennsylvania 
 about 1760; received a liberal education; studied 
 
 law and practiced; elected a United States Senator 
 from Delaware (vice Joshua Clayton, deceased), 
 servingfrom 1799 to 1804, wlien he resigned; again 
 elected United States Senator (vice J. A. Bayard, 
 resigned), serving from 1813 to 1817; died March 
 11, 1829, at Millsboro, Del. 
 
 Wemple, Edward, of Fulton ville, N. Y., was 
 born at Fultonville Octolier 23, 1843; educated at 
 Union College, .t;.raduating with the class fif 1866; 
 studied law for a time, but became a manufacturer 
 in the foundry business; supervisor of his native 
 town 1874-1876; member of the New York State 
 legislature 1877-78, serving on the committees of 
 railroads, villages, and the library; elected a Rep- 
 resehtative from New York tc) the Forty-eighth 
 Congress as a Democrat; served one term in the 
 State senate; elected comptroller of the State of 
 New York in 1887 and served two terms. 
 
 Wendover, Peter H., was a native of New 
 York; received a liberal education; held several 
 local offices; member of the State house of repre- 
 sentatives; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Fourteenth, Fifteenth, and Sixteenth 
 Congresses as a Democrat; died at New York Sep- 
 tember 20, 1834. 
 
 Wentworth, John, was born at Somersworth, 
 N. H., July 17, 1745; graduated from Harvard 
 University in 1768; studied law, and began practice 
 at Dover, N. H.; member of the State house of 
 representatives 1776-1780; Delegate from New 
 Hampshire to the Continental Congress 1778-79; 
 member of the State council 17S0-1784; member 
 of the State senate 1784-1787; died at Dover, N. H., 
 January 10, 1787. 
 
 Wentworth, John, wag born at Sandwich, 
 N. H., March 5, 1815; graduateil from Dartmouth 
 College in 1836; moved to Chicago and engaged 
 in newspaper work; studied law and practiced; 
 elected a Representative from Illinois to the 
 Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, Thirty- 
 first, and Thirty-third Congresses as a DeuK.icrat; 
 mayor of Chicago 1857-1860; delegate to the State 
 constitutional convention of 1861 ; elected to the 
 Thirty-ninth Congress as a Reiiublican; received 
 the degree of LL. D. from Dartmouth College in 
 1867; died at Chicago, 111., October 16, 1888. 
 
 Wentworth, Tappan, was born at Dover, 
 N. H., September 24, 1S02; received a liberal ed- 
 ucation; studied law, and in 1826 liegan practicing 
 at Great Falls, N. H.; moved to Lowell in 1833, 
 and elected to the common council of Lowell 
 1836-1841 ; elected to the State house fif represent- 
 atives 1851, 18.59, 1863, and 1864; to the State senate 
 1848,1849, 1865, and 1866; elected a Rejiresenta- 
 tive from Massachusetts to the Thirty-third Con- 
 gress; defeated for reelection; dieil at Boston, 
 Mass., June 12, 1875. 
 
 West, Benjamin, was born in Plymouth 
 County, Mass., Ajiril 8, 1746; graduated fnim 
 Harvard College in 1768; became a jireacher in 
 1771, but soon took up the study of law at Lan- 
 caster; admitted to the bar in 1773; began prac- 
 tice at Charlestown, N. H.; delegate to the con- 
 vention which frameil the Federal Constitution: 
 a Representative from New Hampshire to the 
 First Congress, but declined to serve; died July 
 27, 1817, at Charlestown, N. H. 
 
 West, Georg-e, was born in Devonshire County, 
 England, February 17, 1823; received a common 
 school education; came to this country in Febru- 
 ary, 1849; paper manufacturer; served five terms 
 in the New York State assembly 1872-1876; dele- 
 
874 
 
 (•t)Ni;KKSSI()NAL DlKKCTi iKY, 
 
 pati> to till' Kcinililican iiatimial cuiivriitinn at 
 Chica(;(> in ISSO; |iri'.-iilfiit iif tin- l•"ir^^t Nalioiial 
 Hank, Uallslun Spa, N. Y.; I'Urtcil a Ul■|)^^■^^eIlta- 
 tivo fniiii New York to the Korty-si-vi-iitli, Korty- 
 nintli, ami Kiftii-tli Cnii),'i'cs.it's as ii Uc|iulilii-aii; 
 aftor till' t'X|iiiation of his term in I'onjiri-ss 
 rfturni'd to l!all.-^ton Spa, X. Y., anil loiitiiuu-d 
 actively and verv fiiccfssfully in his Imsincss of 
 paper anil pap(.'r-I)a!; nian<ifa(tiirin;i; owin}; to ill 
 health he retired; died Septend)er L'O, 1901. 
 
 West, J. Rodman, was horn at Now Orleans, 
 Septendier lil, lS-J-2: attendeil the I'niversity of 
 Pennsylvania; eaptain in the \Iexican war; enii- 
 ftrated to t'ahforiiia in lS4i) and eiiKaf^ed in news- 
 paper work; entered the I'nion Army as lieuten- 
 ant-colonel and attained the rank ol hrevet niajor- 
 peiieral; moved to Texas and then to New < )rleans; 
 held several local olHces; elected a liiited Stales 
 Senator from 1-ouisiana as a Rcpulilican, siTvinj^ 
 from 1871 to 1.H77; died at Washin'/lon, 1). ('., 
 Xovend)er 1, ISitS. 
 
 Westbrook, John, was a native of I'ennsyl- 
 vania; electeil a Kepresenlative from Pennsylvania 
 to the Twenty-seventh C'onjjress as a Democrat. 
 
 Westbrook, Theodoric R. , wai? a native of 
 New York; received a liheral education; studied 
 law and he^'an practice at Kinirston, X. Y. ; electe(l 
 a Representative from Xew York to the Thirty- 
 third Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Westcott, James D., was horn at .Mexandria, 
 Va., May 10. ISII'J; moved li Xew .lersi-y, where 
 he received a lilnral education; studieil law and in 
 1824 hetran practice; secretary of the Kloriila Ter- 
 ritory 18.30-18:14; Uniti'd States attorney for the 
 middle district of Florida 18.'14-183G; served in the 
 Territorial house of representatives; delegate to 
 the State convention 18:i8 and 18.fl); elected a 
 Cnited Stati'S Senator from Florida as a Democrat, 
 servint; from 1S4.T to 184!l; die<l at Montreal, Can- 
 ada, .lanuary 12, 1880. 
 
 Westerlo. Rensselaer, was horn at Alhany, 
 N. Y., in 177."); jxraduated from Cohniihia Colle'..'e 
 in 171'.S; studied law and admitted to the l>ar; 
 electeil a Kei>re.sentative from Xew York to (he 
 Fifteenth ( 'onjiress a-s a Federalist; <lied at .VIbanv, 
 X. Y., April 18, 18.il. 
 
 Wethered. John, was a native of Marylan<l; 
 electeil a Kepresenlative from Maryland to the 
 Twenly-eiL'hth ( 'oti>;ress. 
 
 Wetmore, George Peabody, of X'ewpnrt, U. I., 
 was horn durinir a visit of his jiarents ahroad at 
 London, England, .\ngnst2, 1840; graduated from 
 Yale Ciilleue in 18i)7. receivinj.' the degree of \. Ii., 
 and that of .\. M. in 1871 ; studied law at ( 'ohnnliia 
 College Law School and graduated in ISO!!, receiv- 
 ing the degree of LL. 15.; admitted to the liar of 
 Rhode Island and of Xew York in 18C>(l; trustee 
 of the feahody Museum of Xatural History in Yale 
 I'niversity, and nominated a fellow of the univer- 
 sity in 1888, hut declined; trustee of the I'eahiidv 
 F.itucatiim Fund, iiresident of the Xewport Hospi- 
 tal, and a director of other associations; lirst 
 rresidenlial elector of Rhode Island in IS80 and 
 in 1S84; mendierof the State connniltee to receive 
 the re|iresentalives of France on the occasion of 
 their visit to Rhode Island in 1881; memher of the 
 commission to huild a new State house; governor 
 of Rhode Island in lS8.i-80, l,S8r)-87, and defeated 
 for a third term in 1887, receiving, however, a 
 greater numher of votes than at either of the two 
 prei'iiling elections when successful; defeated on 
 the eighth hallot for Cnited States Senator in 1889; 
 
 elected to the Senate to succeed Xathan F. Dixon 
 .Inne l.'J, 18!t4, receiving a unanimous vote from 
 the general a.ssenihly in tiie senate, house, and 
 joint a-ssembly, and reelected in 1(100. 
 
 Wever, John M. , of Plattshurg, X. Y., was 
 horn at Ganges, .MIegan County, Mich., Fehruary 
 24, 1847; received his education at common .kIiooIs 
 and at .Vlhion College; entered rnioii Armv at age 
 of 10; served in .Army of Cumherland ami .\rmy 
 of the Ohio; at close of war located in Xew York 
 State and entered into hanking husiness; elected 
 county treasurer of Clinton County in 18.S4 and re- 
 elected in 1887; elected to the Fifty-second Congress 
 as a Repuhlican; reelected to the Fifty-third Con- 
 gress; alter the ex|iiration of his term in Congress 
 became cashier of the .Menhant.s' Xational Bank 
 of Plattshurg, X. Y. 
 
 Weymouth, George Warren, of Fitchhurg, 
 Ma.-^s., was horn .\ugust 2."), IS.VI. at West .Vines- 
 hury, now .Merrimac. .Ma>s. ; educated in the puh- 
 lic schools, graduating from the hii;li school i.f that 
 ]ilace; interested in several different kinds of hus- 
 iness, giving most of his lime to the Fitchhurg 
 Steel Hall Company as pre.sident and general man- 
 ager; directorof the Fitchhurg Xational Hank and 
 trustee of the Fitchhurg .Savings Hank; director of 
 the Fitchliurgand Leominster Street Railway, and 
 also of theOrswell Mills and Xockege .Mill's; ex- 
 president of the Fitchhurg Hoard of Tnide; one 
 year in the city council of Fitcld)urg; in the Stale 
 legislature of 18!iO, and delegate to the national 
 Repuhlican convention at St. j^ouis in 18t«>; elected 
 to the Fil'ty-lifth Congress as a Republican; re- 
 elected to the Fifty-sixth Congre.ss. 
 
 Whaley, Kellian V. , was horn in ( tnondaga 
 County, X. Y'., May 6, 18:51; moved to Ohio, and 
 atteniU'd the public schools; moved to \irginia 
 in 1842 and engaged in lumbering; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Virginia to the Thirty-seventh 
 Congress as a Republican; served in tlie Fnion 
 .\rmy; elected a Representative from West Vir- 
 ginia to the Thirty-eighlh and Thirty-ninth Con- 
 gres.ses; delegate to the national Republican 
 convention in Hallimore in 1804; collector of cus- 
 toms at Hra/.os de Santiago, Tex., in 1868. 
 
 Whallon, Reuben, was born in Xew .lersey in 
 
 1777; moved to Xew York; elected a Kepresenla- 
 tive from New Y'urk to the Twenty-third Congress 
 as a .lackson Democrat; died at Split Rock, X. Y'., 
 April l.i, 184:?. 
 
 Wharton, Jesse, was born in .\lbemarle Coun- 
 ty, \'a , about 17t>0; elected a Representative from 
 Tennes.see to the Tenth Congress; ajipointed a 
 Cnited States Senator from Tennessee ( vice ( i. W. 
 Campbell, resigned), serving from Ajiril !1, 1814, 
 to December 4, 1815; died at Xashville, Tenn., 
 .luly 22, is:;:!. 
 
 Wheaton, Horace, was a native of Ponijiey, 
 X. Y.; received a limiteil education; held several 
 local odices; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Twenty-eighth Congres.s as a Demo- 
 crat; reelected to the Twenty-ninth Congre.ss. 
 
 Wheaton, Laban.wasbornat Maiistield,Mass., 
 in 17.'>4; graduated from Harvard College in 1774; 
 studied law, and began practice at Xorton, Mass.; 
 judge of the county court; electeil a Kepresenla- 
 tive from Massachusetts to the F.leventh Congres.s 
 as a Federalist; reelected to the Twelfth, Thir- 
 teenth, and Fourtei-nth Com;res.ses; died at Xor- 
 ton, Mass., March 2:>, 1840. 
 
 Wheeler, Charles Kennedy, of Padncah, Ky., 
 wa.« born in Christian County, Ky., about .i miles 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 875 
 
 from Hopkinsville, en a farm, April IS, 1S63; 
 worked on the farm during the summer anil at- 
 tended neighlwrhood schools until the age of 13; 
 matrioulated at the Southwestern Universitj', of 
 Clarkf^ville. Tenn., and graduated from that insti- 
 tution in the winter of 1S79, and from the Lel)- 
 anon Law School, of I^elianon, Tenn., in the sum- 
 mer of ISSO; located at Paducah, Ky., in August, 
 1880, and engaged in the practice of his profession; 
 Democratic elector for the First Congressional dis- 
 trict of Kentucky in 1892; elected to the Fifty- 
 fifth, Fifty-sixth, "and Fifty-seventh Congresses as 
 a Pemocrat. 
 
 Wheeler, Ezra, was born in Chenango County, 
 N. Y.. in 1S20; received a liberal education; stud- 
 ied law and began practice at Berlin, AVis. ; mem- 
 ber of the State house of representatives in 1852; 
 county judge 185-1-1862; elected a Representative 
 from Wisconsin to the Thirty-eighth Congress. 
 
 Wheeler, Frank W., of West Bay City, Mich., 
 was liorn at Chaumoiit, .lefferson County, X. Y., 
 March 2, 1853; received a common school eiluca- 
 tion; moved with his parents when 11 years of 
 age to East Saginaw, Mich. ; learned the fii-st ])rin- 
 ciples of boat builiUng in his father's yard in East 
 Saginaw, and while thus engaged conceived a de- 
 sire to become master of one of the vessels he had 
 assisted in building; his career as master was suc- 
 cessful, and he became master of the Saginaw 
 River Tug Association; engaged with his father 
 extensively in shipbuilding at the bay cities in 
 1877; electeil a Representative from ilichigan to 
 the Fifty-tirst Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Wheeler, Grattan H., was born at Wheeler, 
 N. Y.; received a liberal education; State repre- 
 sentative 1822, 1824, and 1826, and State .senator 
 1828-1831; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Twenty-second Congress; died at 
 Wheeler, X. Y., in 1,852. 
 
 Wheeler, Hamilton K. , of Kankakee, 111., was 
 born at Ballston, N. Y., August 5, 1848, emigrat- 
 ing with his parents to Illinois in 1852; received 
 his education in the public and private schools of 
 Illinois, and at 23 years of age admitted to the bar 
 of Kankakee County, 111.; elected to the State 
 senate of Illinois from the sixteenth senatorial 
 district in 1884; one of the 103 who took an active 
 part in the famous Senatorial contest in Illinois 
 which resulted in the election of tieneral Logan 
 to the United States Senate; elected to the Fifty- 
 third Congress as a Republican; resumed jiractice 
 of law after leaving Congress; delegate to the Re- 
 publican national conventions in 1896 and 1900. 
 
 Wheeler, Harrison H., was born in Lapeer 
 County, ]\Iicli., Alarch 22, 18,39; received a com- 
 mon schiiiil education, and at the age of 18 years 
 connnenced teaching school winters and working 
 upon a farm summers mitil the fall of 1861, when 
 he enlisted as a iirivate in C'ompany C, Tenth Reg- 
 iment Michigan Volunteer Infantry; in June, 
 1862, promoted to second lieutenant same com- 
 pany, and in April, 1863, promoted to first lieuten- 
 ant Company E, same regiment; in April, 1865, 
 promotecl to captain Company F, same regiment; 
 wouniled at Buzzards Roost liap, Kene.'^aw -Moun- 
 tain, and at Jonesboro, Ga., during the Atlanta 
 campaign; elected clerk of Bay County, Mich., 
 in 1866; admitted to the bar in 1868; elected State 
 senator for Bay and ai.Ijoining counties in 1870, 
 and reelected in 1872; after the session of the leg- 
 islature in 1873 moved to Ludington, Mason 
 County, Jlich., and appointed circuit judge in 
 1874 liy Governor Bagley; at the first election 
 
 thereafter elected to the same office without oppo- 
 sition; resigned in June, 1878, and resinned prac- 
 tice of law at Ludington; elected to the Fifty- 
 second Congress as a Democrat ; died July 29, 1896. 
 
 Wheeler, John, was born at Derby, Conn., in 
 1823; attended the common schools; moved to 
 New York City in 1853 and became a merchant; 
 elettterl a Representative from New York to the 
 Thirty-third Congress as a Democrat; reelected to 
 the Thirty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Wheeler, Joseph, of Wheeler, Ala., was born 
 at Augusta, Ga., Septendier 10, 1836; graduated 
 from West Point in 1859; lieutenant of cavalry, and 
 served in New Mexico; resigned in 1861; lieutenant 
 of artillery in the Confederate army; successively 
 promotetl to the command of a regiment, brigade, 
 division, and army corps, and in 1862 assigned to 
 the connnanil of the army corps of cavalry of the 
 Western Army, continuing in that position till the 
 war closed; by joint resolution of the Confederate 
 Congress received the thanks of that body for suc- 
 cessful military operations, and for the defense of 
 the city of Aiken received the thanks of the State 
 of South Carolina; May 11, 1864, became the senior 
 cavalry general of the Confederate armies; ap- 
 pointed jirofessor of philosophy Louisiana State 
 Seminary in 1866, wliich he declined; lawyer and 
 planter; appointed major-general of volunteers 
 by Presiilent ^IcKinley May 4, 1898, and assigned 
 to command of Cavalry Division, L'. S. Army; 
 on June 24, with 900 men, fought and defeated 
 Lieutenant-General Linares at Las Guasimas, the 
 enemy having over 2,000 regular Spanish troops; 
 at the l)attle of San Juan, July 1 and 2, senior offi- 
 cer in immediate command on the field, and senior 
 member of commission which negotiated the sur- 
 render of Santiago and 23,000 Spanish soldiers; 
 assigned to command of United States forces at 
 Jlontauk, Long Island, August 18, and on October 
 5 assigned to the command of the Fourth Army 
 Corps; August 31, 1899, in command of Firet 
 Brigade, Second Division, Eighth Corps, in the 
 Philipjnnes; engaged with enemy at Santa Rita 
 September 9 and also on Septemljer 16, also in 
 capture of Porae, September 28, and in Ihe various 
 engagements with the enemy at Angeles, October 
 10 to 17, inclusive; in the advance upon and caji- 
 ture of Bam ban, November 1 1 , and the minor expe- 
 ditions to Camiling, Noveratier 23, and expedition 
 to Sulipa and San Ignacio; elected as a Democrat 
 to the Forty-seventh, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, Fifty- 
 first, Fifty-second, Fifty-tliird, Fifty-fourth, and 
 Fifty-fifth Congresses, and reelected to the Fifty- 
 sixth Congress; failed to qualify, and William 
 Richardson was elected to fill his place; retired in 
 1900 as a brigadier-general of the Regular Army. 
 
 Wheeler, William A., was born at !Malone, 
 N. Y., ,lune 30, 1819; received a liberal education; 
 studied law and practiced; forseveral yearsdistrict 
 attorney for Franklin County, N. Y.; member of 
 the New York assembly 1850-51; member of the 
 State senate 1858-59; delegate to the New York 
 State constitutional convention 1867-68; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the Thirty- 
 seventh Congress as a Republican; reelected to the 
 Forty-first, Forty-second, Forty-third, and Forty- 
 fourth Congresses; elected Vice-Pre.'iident of the 
 United States on the Haves ticket in 1876; died at 
 Malone, N. Y., June 4, 1887. 
 
 Whipple, Thomas, was born in Berkshire 
 County, Mass., in 1788; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; studied medicine, and began practicing at 
 Wentworth, N. H.; elected a Representative from 
 
87(i 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTORY. 
 
 Xcw lliiinpsliirr t(i tho Scvriiti'i'iitli, I".i);hti'ciitli, 
 Niiifli'fiith, luiil Twi'iitii'lli Cnn^'rcssc!'; iliol al 
 W.ntwortli, N. II., .Iiuumry L':!, 18;!o. 
 
 Whipple, William, \vi\s liorn at Kittery, 
 Mas.-', (allorwarils Maiiu'l, Jammn- 14, 17S0; 
 sailor, ami rnf;ai.'>'il in tin- slave Iraili' a iiuimIkt tif 
 years; Kit the sea ainl I'litrai^cil in nu'naiitilc pur- 
 suits at IVirlsiuoulh, N. II.; i-U'«I<m1 a Hclc'.'ati' to 
 the Continental l'on;;r(Ss l77'>-7t> ami 177S; a 
 eipnor of tin- IH'claration of In<li'])cnili'nce; <U>- 
 clineii a reolei'tion; nu'tnlicr of the State lussenibly 
 178(>-17."<4; appointeil jiid^e of the ."^tate sujirenie 
 court in I7S2; dieil NovoinlH-r '2X, 17S5, at Ports- 
 mouth, X. H. 
 
 Whitcomb, James, was horn at .^toekhriilce, 
 Vt., I)eceinher 1, 17tM; jrrailuated from Transvl- 
 vania University; stmlieil law, and hefjan ])ra('tice 
 at Bloouiinjrton, !nd., in 1.S124; prosecnting attor- 
 ney for Monroe County in l.SL'li; State senator 
 1830-l.s:?(i: apliointed liy I'resident ,Tarksoii ('inn- 
 missiouer of the (ieneral Land I Xliee ls:i(>-l,S41 ; 
 resumed the iira<tiee of law at Terre Haute, I ml.; 
 governor IS4li-lS4S; electeil a I'niteil States Sen- 
 ator from Indiana as a I>emoerat 184!t-lSn2, when 
 lie died, at New York City, October 4, 18.52. 
 
 White, Addison, was a native of Kentucky; 
 elected a h'epresenlative from that Slate to the 
 Tliirty-.'^ecoml Coujrre.ss ius a Whig. 
 
 White, Albert S. , was born at Blooming Grove, 
 N. Y., Octolier 24, 180:?; graduateil from I'niou 
 College in 1822; studied law, and he^an piaclice ' 
 at Lafayette, Ind., in 182."); clerk of the State 
 house of representatives in Indiana for live years; 
 elected a Kepre.sentative from Indiana to the 
 Twenty-lifth Congress as a Whig; president of .sev- 
 eral railroads; elected a I'nited States Senator 
 from Indiana l,8,')it-lS4.5; ileclined a reelection; 
 Representative from Indiana to the Thirty-seventh 
 Congress a.s a Kepuhlicau; jndg<' of the I'nited 
 States court for the district of Indiana in 18(54; 
 died at Stockwell, Ind., September 4, 18(')4. 
 
 White, Alexander, was born at Franklin, 
 Tenn., October Iti, 181(i; moved to .\labama; re- 
 ceived an academic e<lucation; served in theSemi- 
 nole war in XS'Mi; studied law and practiced; 
 elected a Representative from .\labama to the 
 Thirty-secoml Congress as a Inion Whig, defeat- 
 ing Samuel I-'. Kice, State Rights democrat; mem- 
 ber of the State constitutional convention in 18(i."); 
 member of the general !i.s,scudily in 1S72; elected 
 a Representative at large to the Forty-thinl Con- 
 gress; defeated for reeh'ction; appointed an associ- 
 ate justice of the I'nited .'^tates court for the Ter- 
 ritory of I'tah 111 1S7."). 
 
 White, Alexander, was born in Rappahannock 
 County, Va.. in 17.S8; Delegate from Virginia to 
 the Continental Congress I78i>-1788; elected a 
 Representative from Virginia to the First and Sec- 
 ond Congresses; die<l at Woodville, Va., Sej)teiu- 
 ber 19, 1804. 
 
 White, Alexander Colwell, of Urookville, 
 Pa., was born near Kil tanning, ,\rnistrong County, 
 I'a., I)ecenil)er 12, I.h:!:!; raised on a farm, attend- 
 ing public school in winter until the age of 20 
 years, when he counnenced ti'aching .<ihool in 
 winter and attemled in smnnier Ihe ,lack.sonville 
 In.stitute anil the Hayton I'liion .Vcademy; nifived 
 to .Ieffei>on ('i>unty in I.SliO, where hestuilied law; 
 admittefl to practice in liecemtier, l.'<i)2; wrveil in 
 the Union .\rmy nsa private in Company I, Kighlh 
 Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers; elecli-il dis- 
 trict attorney in l8t>7and ritdected in 1870; ele<ted 
 
 to Ihe Forty-ninth Congre.ss as a Republican; after 
 li'aving Congress resumed the practii-e of law. 
 
 White, Allison, was born in Pennsylvania 
 Deci-mber 21, 18Ui; atten<led the public schools; 
 studie<l law and ailmitted to the bar; began prac- 
 tice at Lockhaven. Conn.; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Pi'nnsylvauia to the Thirty-lifth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; defeated for reelection. 
 
 White, Bartow W., was a native of West- 
 chester County. -V. v.; elected a Rejiresentative 
 from New York to the Nineteenth Congress. 
 
 White, Benjamin, was a native of Maine; at- 
 temleil the conuiioii sihools; farmer; served two 
 terms in the .State house of representatives; elected 
 a RepresenUitive from ."Maine to the Twenty-eighth 
 Congre.ss as a Democrat. 
 
 White, CampbellP., was a native of New York; 
 
 received a limited education; merchant; elecfed a 
 liepie>eiitative from New York to ihe Tweiity- 
 lirsl Congress as a Jackson Democral; reeleited to 
 the Twenty-se<-ond and Twenty-third Congre.s.ses; 
 appointed (|iiartermaster-general of New York 
 State .Militia .lanuary 24, 1831; dietl at New York 
 PVbruary 12, l.S.iO. 
 
 White, Chilton A., wa-s Ixirn at Georgetown, 
 Ohio, February, 182r>; receive<l a limited eiluca- 
 tion; served in the Mexican war; stu<lied law, 
 anil in 1848 began practice at (ieorgetown. Ohio; 
 two years prosecuting attorney for Hrown County; 
 member of the State senate l.><.i!MiO; elected a 
 Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-.-eventh 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the Thirty- 
 eighth Congre.'^s; defeated for reelection. 
 
 White, David, was born in 178.'i; received a 
 liberal education; studied law and )practicc<l at 
 Newcastle, Ky.; elected a Representative from 
 Kentucky to the Eighteenth Congre.ss; dieil in 
 Franklin County, Ky., February 17, 18:ii. 
 
 "White, Edward Dougla«, was iHirn at Na.«h- 
 ville, Tenn.. in March, 17!<.i; moved with his father 
 to -Vltakapas Parish, La.; received a i>ublic school 
 education; studied law; admitted to the bar. and 
 commenced jiracticeat Donaldsonville; appointed 
 judge at New ( >rleans. and moved there; elected 
 a Repre.sentalive from Louisiana to theTwenty- 
 lirsl. Twenty-second, and Twenty-t bird Congresses, 
 serving from December 7, 182!', to November 1.5, 
 1834, w hen he resigned, having been elected gov- 
 ernor; governorof Louisiana l.s:)4-l,s.S8; nioveil to 
 Thibodeauxville; elected to the Twenty-sixth and 
 Twentv-seventh Congre-^ses; died at New Orleans 
 .\pnl 18, 1847. 
 
 White, Edward Douglass, was born in the 
 parish of Lafourche. I..a., November."!, 1.84.5; eilu- 
 cateil at Mount ."^t. Marys, near F,imiiilsbui-g, Md., 
 at the .lesuit College in New ( Irleans. and at 
 (ieorgetown College, District of Cohnnbia; .served 
 in the Confederate army; licenseil to practice law 
 by the supreme court of Louisiana in Decemln'r, 
 l,Ht)8; elected State .■'enator in 1874; appointed 
 a.ssociate justice of the supreme court of Louisiana 
 in 1878; elected to the United Slates Senate as a 
 Democnit to succeed .lames 15. Kuslis; look his 
 seat March 4, 1.801; resigned March, 1804, having 
 lieeii appointed a.ssf>ciale ju.sticc of the Supreme 
 Court of the United States; tiK>k his seat ^Ia^ch 
 12, 1.S04. 
 
 White, Francis, was a native of Virginia, 
 elected a Representative from that State to the 
 Thirteenth Congress. 
 
BIOGBAPHIES. 
 
 877 
 
 White, Frederick Edward, of Webster, Iowa, 
 was born in Prussia, liermany, in 1844; his father 
 died when he was 10 years old; came to America 
 with his mother in 1857, and settled on a farm in 
 Keokuk County, Iowa; up to the Ijreakingoutof the 
 war worked as a farm hand; early in the winter 
 of 1861 enlisted in the Eighth Iowa Infantry, and 
 rejected on account of not being tjuite 18 years 
 old; enlisted Feljruary, 1862, in the Thirteenth 
 Iowa Infantry, and served until the close of the 
 war; mustered out in August, 1865; returned 
 home, and bought land and engaged in farming 
 and stock raising; never held a public office; 
 elected to the Fifty-second Congress aa a Democrat. 
 
 White, George E., of Chicago, 111., was born in 
 IMassaehusetts in 1848; after graduating from col- 
 lege at the age of 16 enlisted as a private soldier 
 in the Fifty-seventh Massachusetts Veteran Vol- 
 unteers, in which he served under General Grant, 
 in the Army of the Potomac, from the battle of 
 the Wilderness until the surrender of General Lee; 
 after the close of the war entered a commercial 
 college at Worcester, ilass. ; moved to Chicago in 
 1867; a year later engaged in the lumber business 
 on his u\\n account, which he jiursuedwith much 
 success; head of the extensive hard-wood lumber 
 firm of George E. White & Co.; director in State 
 and national banks; served as alderman of Chi- 
 cago and as State senator; elected to the Fifty- 
 fourth Congress as a Republican; reelected to the 
 Fifty-fifth Congress. 
 
 White, George Henry, of Tarboro, N. C, was 
 horn at Rosindale, Bladen County, N. C. , December 
 18, 1852; attended the public schools of his State, 
 and later trained under Prof. D. P. Allen, presi- 
 dent of the AVhitten Normal School, at Lumber- 
 ton, N. C. ; afterwards entered Howard University, 
 Washington, D. C. ; graduated from the eclectic 
 department of that institution in the class of 1877; 
 read law while takingacademiccourse, and licensed 
 to practice in all the courts of North Carolina by the 
 supreme court January, 1879; principal of one of 
 the State normal and other schools in the State; 
 elected to the house of representatives in 1880 and 
 to the State senate in 1884; elected solicitor and 
 prosecuting attorney for the second judicial dis- 
 trict of North Carolina for four j,-ears in 1886, and 
 for a like term in 1890; candidate for Congress in 
 the Second district in 1894, and nominated, but 
 W'ithdi-ew in the interest of harmony in his party; 
 elected to the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sixth Congresses 
 as a Repul>lican. 
 
 White, Harry, of Indiana, Pa., was Vjorn in 
 Indiana Comity, Pa., January 12, 1834; received 
 a collegiate education, graduating in 1854; studied 
 law; admitted to the bar in June, 1855; commenced 
 practice at Indiana, Pa., and continued until the 
 commencement of hostilities in 1861; entered the 
 Union Army as major of the Sixty -seventh Penn- 
 sylvania Infantry; elected, while serving in the 
 Army, a State senator, serving in the winter of 
 1862-63; returned to his command, and at the bat- 
 tle of Winchester, in June, 1863, when Lee was on 
 his Gettysburg campaign, was captured: the fall 
 election of 1863 made a tie in the State senate with- 
 out his vfite, and active efforts were made to secure 
 his exchange, but without success, the Confederate 
 Government refusing, and sent him to solitary 
 confinement at Salisbury, N. C. ; before he left 
 I>ihby Prison, however, he sent his resignation as 
 State senator clandestinely to Pemiyslvania, con- 
 cealed in a Testament, by a surgeon; remained in 
 prison sixteen months, and made his escape, reach- 
 ing the Federal lines near Atlanta ; in October, 1864, 
 
 returned to his command and served until the end 
 of the war, having meanw-hile been promoted to the 
 colonelcy of his regiment and brevettcd brigailier- 
 general; reelected to the State senate in the fall - 
 of 1865 for three years; reelected in 1868 for three 
 years and in 1871 for tliree years, serving as 
 speaker of the senate at the close of the term of 
 1871; norninated in 1872 as Congressman at large 
 and delegate at large to the constitutional con- 
 vention, but declined the Congressional nomina- 
 tion, Ijut was elected to that convention; elected 
 t(j the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses as a 
 Repuljlican. 
 
 White, Hugh, was born at New York City in 
 1799; received a public school education; farmer; 
 founded Whitestone, Oneida County, N. Y. ; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-first Con- 
 gresses; died near Troy, N. Y., October 6, 1870. 
 
 White, Hugh Lawson, was born in Iredell 
 County, X. C, October .30, 1773; moved to Knox 
 County, Tenn., in 1786; received a classical educa- 
 tion; studied law, and in 1795 began jiraetice at 
 Knoxville, Tenn.; judge of the State supreme 
 court 1801-1807; State senator 1807-1817; appointed 
 United States district attorney in 1808; elected 
 judge of the supreme court i809-1815; chosen 
 president of the State bank in 1815; elected a 
 United States Senator from Tennessee (vice Andrew 
 Jackson, resigned), and reelected, serving from 
 1825 to 1833; chosen President pro tempore of the 
 Senate in 1832; received the electoral votes of 
 Tennessee and Georgia in 1836 for President of the 
 United States; again elected a United States Sena- 
 tor from Tennessee in 1836 for six years, Ijut 
 resigned January 13, 1840; died at Knoxville, 
 Tenn., April 10, "l 840. 
 
 White, James, was a native of North Carolina; 
 
 moved to Tennessee, where he received a limited 
 
 1 education; elected a Delegate from the territorv 
 
 south of the Ohio River to the Third Congress; 
 
 delegate to the State constitutional convention. 
 
 White, James B., was born in Stirlingshire, 
 Scotland, in June, 1.S35; emigrated to the United 
 States in 1854 ; received a common school education 
 while in Scotland; calico printer and tailor until the 
 breaking out of the war of the rebellion, when he 
 sold out his business and enlisted as a private in 
 Company I, Thirtieth Indiana A'olunteers; elected 
 captain by the company, and serxeil in that capacity 
 till December, 1862, when he resigned; while in 
 the Army served in General McCook's division, 
 under Buell and Rosecrans, in the Kentucky and 
 Tennessee campaigns, and participated in the bat- 
 tle of Shiloh, the siege of Corinth, and the march 
 back to the relief of Louisville, and the Perrvville 
 campaign; woun.led at the battle of Shiloh April 
 7,1862; elected a mend)er of the counnon <-(iuncil 
 of the city of Fort Wayne in 1874; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Indiana to the Fiftieth Congress 
 as a Republican; died October 9. 1897, at Fort 
 Wayne, Ind. 
 
 White, James Bamford, of Irvine, Ky., was 
 born in Clark County, Ky., June 6, 1842; worked 
 at farming, and attended tlie common sciiools, but 
 received his early education mainly at Blount Zion 
 Academy, Macon County, 111.; entered the Con- 
 federate army in the fall of 1863, serving in the 
 commands of Generals Breckenricige and Morgan 
 until the close of the civil war: taught .■school at 
 intervals, and studied law; admitteil to the bar in 
 1867, and engaged in the practice of the profession ; 
 held the oflice of county attorney; nominated in 
 
878 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTORY. 
 
 July, V)00, till- Hcprt'wiitativf to tlio Fiftv-sevenlli 
 Congress a.- a lU-iiupcrat fmiu tlu' Ti-iith kciitiu-ky 
 ilistrict, and cliMtfil. 
 
 White, John, way lidrn in Kentucky in ISO."); 
 received a limited eilucalinii; stmiicd law and 
 bejmn practice at Hichinimd, Ky.; elected a Kep- 
 resentative from Kentucky tn tiie Twenly-fdUrth 
 ConfrrefS asaWlii;;; reelected tn the Twenty-tiftli, 
 Twenty-8ixt li. Twenty-seventh, an.lTwenty-eijrlitli 
 Con';re.s-;es witlmnt iippdsilidn; Speaker of thi' 
 House duriu); the Twenty-seventh Congress; died 
 at Richmond, Ky., September 22, 1845. 
 
 White, John D., of Manchester, Ky., was horn 
 .lanuary lii, ls4!i, in (.'lay (.'ounty, Ky., on the 
 farm which he later cultivatcil; educated in a pri- 
 vate school >mtil lsi>."i, and at Kmiin'nce ('ollcf.'c 
 and Kentucky fniversity until l.^ru; <.'raduated, 
 1872, in law from Michitran rniversity, and in the 
 nie<lii-:d department of that institution tin- follow- 
 iiid .session studied chemistrv and anatotny pre- 
 paratory to makinp criminal law a specialty; dur- 
 inji the Presidential cam]iaifrn of 1872 canvas.<e(l 
 southeastern Kentucky ; dedineda nomination for 
 clerk of the court of ajipeals of Kentucky in I.S74. 
 and the same year unanimously noininaleil and 
 elected to the Korly-fourth ('onj;rcss as a Kciiuli- 
 lican; declined a reiiomination; chairman of the 
 Kentucky Kepulilican Stale convention at l.oui.s- 
 ville, 187W, and the .same year electeil to the State 
 legislature of Kentucky; resitrned for cause in 
 1880; indorseil and ret'lecled without opposition 
 during the sitting of the legislature; chairman of 
 the Ki'iitucky delegation to the Kepulilican na- 
 tional ccjuvention at Chicago in ISSO; nominated 
 as a Kepulilican <'andi<late for Congress in ISSO, 
 and as the Kepulilican candidate for Ciiited States 
 Senator in IS.sl; elected to the Fortv-seveuth and 
 Forty-eighth Congresses a.s a Republican. 
 
 White, Joseph L., was a native of Cherry 
 Valley, N. Y.; ri'ciiveda liberal education; studied 
 law, and began [iractice at Madison, Ind.; elected 
 a Representative from Indiana to the Twenty- 
 seventh Congress; moved to New York an<l 
 practice<l law; became a manufacturer; died .Jan- 
 uary 12, 1801. 
 
 White, Joseph M., was born in Franklin 
 County, Ky., May ID, 1781; received a liberal edu- 
 cation; studied lawand began practicing at I'en.sa- 
 eola, Fla. ; elected a Delegate from Florida to the 
 Nineteenth Congressasa Democrat; reelected tothe 
 Twentieth, Twenty-lirst, Twenty-second, Twenty- 
 third, and Twenty-fourth C""tires.ses; defeated for 
 the Twenlv-tifth Congress; died at St. l,ouis, Mo., 
 Octoljer 19, 18:i'.t. 
 
 White, Joseph W. , was born at Cambridge, 
 Ohio, October 2, l.'<22; received a cla.«sical educa- 
 tion; studied law and in 1.S44 began practice at 
 Cambridge; elected a Reiireseiilative from Ohio 
 to tlie Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat; 
 defeated for reelection. 
 
 White, Lieonard, was Ixirn at Haverhill, Mass., 
 in 17()7; graduateil from Harvard College in 17S7; 
 .served in the State hou.se of representatives for 
 several years; held numerous local olhcis; elected 
 a Representative from Ma.ssachusettslotlMTuelfth 
 Congress; cashier of a bank; died at Haverhill. 
 Ma.s.s., Octolier 10, I84!i. 
 
 White, IfichaelD., was born in Clark County, 
 Ohio, Septendier S, l,s27; moved to Indiana in l.s2!t 
 and located in Tippecanoe County, where he was 
 raise<l <in a farm; reieiveil a classical education; 
 studied law ami jiraeticed; served as county pros- 
 
 ecuting attorney; four years a State senator; 
 elected a Keprewntative from Indiana to the 
 
 Forty-tiftli Congress as a Ki'publicarL 
 
 White, Milo, of Chatlieid, .Minn., Wit-- liorn at 
 Fletcher, F>anklin County, Vt., August 17, 1830; 
 educated in common schools; merchant; elected 
 to the State senate of Minnesota 1872-187(5 an<l 
 1881-82; eleileil to the Forty-eighth Congress as a 
 Kepulilican; reelected to the Fortv-ninth ( ongress; 
 deleated for Congress in 1.898. 
 
 White, Phillips, was born in New Hampshire 
 about 17.S0: a Delegate froni .New Hampshire to 
 the Continental Congress in 17S2 and 17.'<o; died 
 in Xew Hampshire in 178:i. 
 
 White, Fhineas, was born in Hampshire 
 County, .Ma.ss., in 1770; graduated from Dartmouth 
 College in 17117; studied lawand began juactice at 
 I'omfret, Vt.; register of probate for Windsor 
 Countv ISOO-lSOi); comity attorney in Is].;; served 
 in botli branches of the legislature for eight years; 
 elected a Kepreseiitative from Vermont to the Sev- 
 enteenth Congress; died at Putney, Vt., in 1,S47. 
 
 White, Samuel, was born at Wilmington, Del., 
 in 1770; reieived a liberal e<lucation; held several 
 lo<al olfices; appointeil a Inited States Senator 
 from Delaware as a Federalist, serving from Feb- 
 ruary 28, 1801, until January 14, 1802, when he 
 was elected, serving until his death, at Wilming- 
 ton, Del., November 4, 1809. 
 
 White, Stephen Mallory, was born at .~~an 
 Francisco, Cal., January 19, 18."i3; rai.sed on a 
 farm in Santa Cruz County, Cal.; eilucateil in 
 private and common schools, and at .St. Ii;natius 
 College in San Franci.sco, and Santa Clara Col- 
 lege, Santa Clara County, Cal., from which 
 latter institution he graduated in I.'<71; stiulii-il 
 law, and admitted to jn-actice before the supreme 
 court of California Ajiril 14, 1874; elected district 
 attorney of his county in 1882; during the latter 
 year nominated in a strong Republican district 
 for the State senate and ele<'ted for the term of four 
 yeai-s; chosen president pro tempore of the senate 
 during both sessions of his incumbency; upon the 
 death of (Governor Rartlett in 1888, the pri'sident 
 of the senate, Lieutenant-ttovernor Waterman, be- 
 came governor, ^nd .Mr. White thereafter dis- 
 charged the functions of lieutenant-governor; 
 delegate at large to the national convention in 
 1892; and as a member of the notitication com- 
 mittee made the address to Vice-President Steven- 
 son at Madison S(iuare tiarden; caucus tioinini.'e 
 of the Democratic iuenil>ersof the California legis- 
 lature for the United States Senate in 1890, receiv- 
 ing all the votes of his partis;ins in that body; the 
 legislature, which convened in 189.i, consisti'il of 
 59 Democrats. 51 Republicans, 8 Populists. 1 iiou- 
 parti.san, and 1 Independent; when the joint Sen- 
 atorial convention of the two houses was held, 
 Mr. White was electeil on the lirst ballot, receiv- 
 ing til votes, which repre.sentt'd the entire Demo- 
 cratic membeivhip, 1 nonpartisan, and 1 PopulLst; 
 took his .seat March 4, lS9;j; died at l.os .Vngeles, 
 Cal., February 21. I9II1. 
 
 White, Stephen V., of Brooklyn, N. Y., was 
 born in Chatham County, N. C, .\ugust 1, \X\\; 
 moved with his parents to Illinois in the autumn 
 of 18.'>1, and settled in what is now .lersey Counly. 
 near the present site of Otterville; attended Ihi' 
 free school founded by Dr. Silas Hamilton at that 
 place; worked on his father's farm and in his 
 gristmill until the summer of 1849, when he 
 entered the preparatory school of Knox College at 
 tialesburg, 111.; entered college in June, 18.iO. and 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 879 
 
 graduated as bachelor of arts in June, 1854; on 
 leaving college kept books in a mercantile house 
 in St. Louis, Mo., for aliout eight months, when 
 he entered the law office of John A. Kasson; 
 admitted to practice law in ^Missouri in November, 
 1856; on being admitted to the bar,^moved the 
 same month to Des iloines, Iowa, where he 
 actively engaged in the practice of law till January 
 1, 1865, when he moved to New York City; be- 
 came a meml:)er of the New York Stock Exchange, 
 and engaged as banker and l)roker; never a candi- 
 date for any elective office until his nomination 
 on the Republican ticket for the Fiftieth C'ongress, 
 and elected as a Republican. 
 
 White, William J., of Cleveland, Ohio, was 
 born in Canada, October 7, 1850; came to this 
 country in 1857; received such education as the 
 district schools afforded : at an early age entered 
 liusiness as a wholesale ilealer and manufacturer; 
 also owned large vessel interests, and interested 
 largely in banking, farming, stock raising, and 
 various other business enteiprises; elected mayor 
 of West Cleveland as a Republican in 1889; elected 
 to the Fifty-tliird Congress as a Repuljlican. 
 
 Wliiteaker, John, of Plea.sant Hill, Greg., was 
 born in Dearljorn County, Ind., !May 4, 1820; 
 raised on a farm and self-educated; engaged in 
 farming and stock raising: went to the Pacific 
 coast in 1849 and settled in Oregon in 1852; elected 
 judge of probate for Lane County in 1855; elected 
 to the Territorial legislature in 1857, and in 1858 
 elected governor of the new State of Oregon, which 
 office he held until 1862; elected to tlie State 
 house of representatives in 1866, reelected in 1868, 
 and served as speaker, and again reelected in 1870; 
 appointed a member of the State board of equali- 
 zation in 1872, and chairman thereof, and in 
 the same year appointed a member of the com- 
 mission to examine, report upon, and, if approved, 
 receive the locks and canal at the falls of the 
 Willamette River; elected a State senator in 1876 
 for four years, and served as president of the ses- 
 sions of 1876 and 1878; elected to the Forty-sixth 
 Congress as a Democrat; appointed collector of the 
 port of Portland, Greg., by President Cleveland 
 during his first term. 
 
 Whitehead, Thomas, was born at Clifton, Va., 
 Decemljer 27, 1825; received a limited education; 
 merchant; studied law, and began practicing at 
 Amherst; engaged in farming; elected prosecuting 
 attorney for Amherst County in 1866, and reelected 
 in 1869, resigning in November, 1873; elected State 
 senator in 1865, but did not qualify; served in the 
 Confederate army 1861-1865; elected a Represent- 
 ative from Virginia to the Forty-third Congress as 
 a Conservative, indorsed by the Republicans. 
 
 Whitehill, James, was a native of Lancaster 
 County, Pa.; received a lilieral education; studied 
 law and began practice at his home; elected judge 
 of tlie Lancaster County court; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Pennsylvania to the Thirteenth 
 Congress, serving from ilay 24, 1813, to Septem- 
 ber 1, 1814, when he resigned; died at Strasburg, 
 Pa., March 5, 1822. 
 
 /I Whitehill, John, was born in Pennsylvania in 
 I l§el; received a liberal education; elected a Kep- 
 i resentative from Pennsylvania to the Eighth and 
 Nintli Congresses; died in September, 1815. 
 
 Whitehill, Robert, was l)orn at Pequea, Pa., 
 July 29, 1738; elected a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and 
 Twelfth Congresses; died at Lauther Manor, Cum- 
 berland County, Pa., April 8, 1813. 
 
 Whitehouse, John O., was l)orn in Rochester, 
 N. H., July 19, 1817; rei'eived a limited education; 
 movecl to Brooklyn, N. Y., and became a merchant 
 and manufacturer; elected a Representative from 
 New Y^ork to the Forty-tliird and Forty-fourth 
 Congresses as a Liberal. 
 
 Whitelaw, Robert H. , of Cape Girardeau, 
 Mo., was born January 30, 1854, in Essex County, 
 Va. ; moved from there to Cape Girardeau in 1859; 
 elected to the Fifty-first Congress as a Democrat, 
 to fill the unexpired term of Hon. James Peter 
 Walker, deceased, and took his seat December 1 , 
 1890. 
 
 Whiteley, Richard Henry, was born in Ireland, 
 December 22, 18.30; emigrated to Georgia in 1836; 
 educated lumself and engaged in manufacturing 
 fromlioyhooil; studied law, and in 1860 admitted to 
 the bar; opposed secession of the State, Ijut after 
 the adoption of the ordinance entered the Con- 
 federate army and served until 1865, when he 
 surrendered, attaining the rank of major; elected 
 a member of the State constitutional convention 
 in 1867; elected to the United States Congress in 
 1868, but the House refused him his seat; elected 
 by tbe legislature to the Uniteil States Senate in 
 1870, but not admitted to his seat; elected a Re]-v 
 resentative from Georgia to the Forty-first, Forty- 
 second, and Forty-third Congresses; defeated for 
 the Fortv-fourth and Fortv-tifth ("ongresses; died 
 at Boulder, Colo., September 26, 1890. 
 
 Whiteley, William G. , wasanativeof Newark, 
 Del.; graduated from Princeton College in 1838; 
 studied law, and began practice at Newcastle; 
 elected a Representative from Delaware to the 
 Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat; reelected to 
 the Thirty-sixth Congress. 
 
 Whiteside, Jenkin, was born at Lancaster, 
 Pa., in 1782; elected a United States Senator from 
 Tennessee (vice Daniel Smith, resigned), serving 
 from 1809 to 1811, when he resigned; died at 
 Nashville, Tenn., September 25, 1822. 
 
 Whiteside, John, was elected a Representative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth 
 Congresses. 
 
 Whitfield, John W., was born in Tennessee; 
 moved to Tecumseh, Kans. ; elected a Delegate 
 from Kansas Territory to the Thirty-third Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; reelecte<l to the Thirty-fourth 
 Congress, but after azi unsuccessful contest by 
 Andrew H. Reeder the seat was declared vacant 
 August 1, 1856. 
 
 Whiting, Justin Rice, was born at Bath, 
 Steuben County, N. Y., Feliruary 18, 1847; when 
 2 years of age moved with his jiarcnts to St. 
 Clair; received his preparatory education at the 
 Union School, and admitted to the JNIichigan 
 University in 1863, at the age of 16; left col- 
 lege at the close of the sophomore year; mer- 
 chant and manufacturer; elected mayor of St. 
 Clair in 1879; elected State .senator in 1882, 
 and elected to the Fiftieth Congress by the com- 
 bined votes of Democrats and Greenl^ackers; 
 reelected to the Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and Fiftv- 
 third Congresses; Democratic candidate for gov- 
 ernor in 1898 and defeated; Democratic candidate 
 for Congress in 1900 and defeated; chairman of 
 the Democratic State central committee; died at 
 St. Clair, Mich., January 31, 1903. 
 
 Whiting-, Richard H., was born at West Hart- 
 ford, Conn., January 17, 1826; attended the com- 
 mon schools; served in the. Union Army 1862- 
 1866; assessoi* of internal revenue for the fifth 
 
880 
 
 CONGRKSSIOXAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 district of Illinois 1S70-1S73; cnlli'<-tor of inti-rnal 
 rewnue for the siiiiu- ilistrict lS7.'{-lH7r); elcrtod a 
 Kei>resentativo from Illinois to the Forty-fourth 
 Congress. 
 
 Whiting, William, was liorn at Concord, Mass., 
 March :i, lSl:i; j.'railiiat<'d from Harvard College 
 in ISS:!; stiidii'd law . aiiil licgan practiccat Boston: 
 solicitorof the War l>e]iartnient l.Si)2-ISl>.'i: elected 
 a Hejire.sentativc froin .Ma.ssaehusetts to the Forty- 
 thiril Conjiress as a Kepublican, but died before 
 takin-i his seat, .Iiine 2il, 1873. 
 
 Whiting, William, of Holyoke, Mass., was 
 born at Dudley, Mass., Jlay LM, 1S41; educated in 
 the i>iiblic schools, inchidinj; hif.'h si-hooj; jiajier 
 nianiifactiuHT and |iresi(leiit of tlie Holyoke Hank; 
 elected to the .Ma.-sacluisetts State senate in 1.S73; 
 elected treasurer of Holyoke 1.S7IJ-77; delegate 
 to the national Kepublican convention of 187(i; 
 elected mayor of Holyoke 1S78-7!!: elected to the 
 Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth, and Fiftieth Congresses 
 as a Ue])ublican; after leaving Congress devoteil 
 himself to his paper mills: commis-sioner to the 
 I'aris Exposition in 11*00. 
 
 Whitman, Ezekiel, was born at Fast Bridge- 
 water, Ma.<s., March 9, 177t>; grailuated from 
 Bnjwn Cniversity in 17!I.t; stndieil law and began 
 ])ractice at I'ortlaml, .Ma.ss. (now .Maine); elected 
 a Kepre^sen tat ive from Maine district to the Eleventh 
 Congress asa Federalist; memlicrof the executive 
 council in 181.") and 181(5; delc'.'ate to the conven- 
 tion that framed the State constitution of Maine; 
 elected to the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seven- 
 teenth Congre.sses; resigneilJnne 1, ISL'2; defeated 
 for the Twenty-sixth Congress; judge of the 
 superior court; chief justice of Maine 1841-1848; 
 died at East Bridgewater, Mass., .Vugnst 1, IStili. 
 
 Whitman, Lemuel, was born in Connecticut 
 in 1780; gniduatcd from Yale College in 1800; 
 elected a Representative from Connecticut to the 
 Eighteenth Congress; died at Farmington, Conn., 
 Novemljer 18, 1841. 
 
 Whitmore, George W. , was born in McMinn 
 County, Tenn., .Vugust 20, 1824; received a public 
 school education; moved to Texas in 1848; stud- 
 ied law, and admitted to the bar; State repre.senta- 
 tive 18.12, 18.i3, and 18.')8; favored the Cnion can.se 
 and imprisoned by the rebels; district attorney for 
 the ninth judicial district in LSWi; appointed regis- 
 ter in bankruptcy in 1.807; elected a Representative 
 from Te.xas to tlie Forty-first Congress as a Repub- 
 lican. 
 
 Whitney, Thomas R. , was born at New York 
 City in 1804; rei-eived a da.ssical education, and 
 engagi'd in newspaper work; .State .senator 18.">4-.5.t; 
 electi'il a Representative from New York to the 
 Thirtv-fourth Congress as an American; died at 
 New York April 12, 1.S.5S. 
 
 Whittemore, Benjamin F. , was Ixjrn at Mai- 
 den, Ma.ss., in 1824: received a liberal edncation; 
 studied thefilogy and became a minister in the 
 Methodist-Episcopal Church; chaplain in the 
 Union .\rmy; after the war located in South Caro- 
 lina; delegate to the State constitutional conven- 
 tion in 1807; fonniled tin- New Era at Darlington; 
 State senator; electeda Representative fri>m South 
 Carolina tothe Fortieth and Forty-lirstCongres,s^'s, 
 serving until February 2li, 1870, when he resigned. 
 
 Whittemore, Elisha, wa-s a nativeof Rocking- 
 ham Connlv, .\. 11.; reieived a lilieral education; 
 moved to N'ew York and electi'd a Reiire.sentative 
 from New York to the Nineteenth Congress. 
 
 Whitthoriie, Washington Curran, wa.«i born 
 
 in Marshall County, Tenn., .\pril Ui, l.s2.'): gra<lu- 
 ated from i'"a.st Tennes.Mc I'niversily, Knoxville, 
 ' Tenn., in 1.84.1; studied law; member of the State 
 ' senateof Tennessee 18.").')-18.58; electeil in 18.">(l to the 
 lower housrtof the general assembly of Tennessee, 
 and presiding otficer thereof; upon the Breckin- 
 ridge electoral ticket for the State at large in 18(i0; 
 a.ssi.stant ailjutant-general in the provisional aroiy 
 1 of Tennessee in 1,801, and afterwards ailjutant- 
 1 general of the .*^tate, which position he held under 
 I (iovernor Harris uiitil the close of the civil war; 
 [ his di.sabilitii's were remove<l by ai-t of Congress 
 ' approved .Inly, 1870; elected to the Forty-secon<l, 
 Forty-third, Forty-f«)urtli, Forty-lifth, Forty-sixth, 
 and Forty-seventh Congres.ses asa Democrat; ap- 
 pointeil to the I 'nited. 'States Senate as a Democrat 
 to till the vacancy caused by the resignation (jf 
 Hon. H. E. .lack.son; took his seat April 20, 1880, 
 and elected when the legislature met to till out the 
 unexpire<l term, receiving the imaniinous nomina- 
 tion of his party; his term as Senator expired March 
 3, 1887; had been pri-viously elected tothe Hou.-ieof 
 Representatives in the Fiftieth Congress; reelected 
 to the Fiftv-first Congress; died at Columbia, 
 Tenn., September 21, 1891. 
 
 Whittlesey, Elisha, Wius born at Washington, 
 Conn., ()<-tolier 111, 1783; received a liberal ednca- 
 tion; studied law, and in 1800 In^gan practice at 
 Canlield, Ohio; |irosecuting attorney for sixteen 
 j years; served in the war of 1812; State represeiit- 
 ; ative 1820-21; elected a Representative from Ohio 
 to the Eighteenth Congress; reelected to the Nine- 
 teenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, Twenty-second, 
 Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, and Twenty-fifth 
 Congres.se.s, resigning .fulyO, 1.838: appointed Sixth 
 .Vuditor f)f the Treasury i)y President Taylor l.'mi- 
 18.57: rea|ipointed by I'resident Lincoln in 1801, 
 I and held tlie ollice until .January 7, 1803, when he 
 died, at AVasliingtcjn. D. C. 
 
 I Whittlesey, Frederick, wa.s born at Washing- 
 ton, Conn., June 12, 179il; graduate<l from Yale 
 
 ] in 1818; studie<l law, and in 1821 K'gan practicing 
 at Rochester, N. Y.; electeda Representative from 
 New York to the Twenty-second and Twenty-third 
 
 I Congresses; vice-chancellor of the eighth judicial 
 district of New York 18.39-1847; appointed a jus- 
 tice of the State supreme court ,Iune 30, 1847; 
 died at Rochester, N. Y., September 19, 18.51. 
 
 I Whittlesey, Thomas T. , was a native of Con- 
 I lU'ctictit: graduated from Yale College; studieil 
 law , and began practiceat Daubury, Conn.; electwl 
 ' a Representative from Connecticut tothe Twenty- 
 ' fourtli Coiigres-s (vice Z. Wildman, deceased I asa 
 Van Buren Democrat ; reelected to the Twenty- 
 fifth Congress; defeated for the Twenty-sixth 
 Congress. 
 
 Whittlesey, William A., was a native of 
 
 1 Connecticut; grailuatt'il from Yale College: studii-d 
 law , and iH'gan practiceat Marietta. Ohio; elected 
 a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-first 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Whyte, W. Pinkney, of Jtallimore, Md., was 
 born in that city .\ugust 9, 1824: eilucate<i at 
 Baltimore College anil by private tutors; serviil 
 eighteen months in the banking house of tu-orge 
 I'eabody; studieil la« at the Harvard Ijiw School, 
 and admitted to the Baltimore bar in l.><4(): nieni- 
 
 . berof the legislature of Maryland 1.M7-48: judge- 
 advocate of a court-martial at the Naval Aca<lemy 
 in 1848; elected comptroller of the State of Mary- 
 
 I land in 18.53, ami declined a n-election in 18.5,5; 
 l)eniocratic candidate for Congress iu 1S57 against 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 881 
 
 the Know-Nothings, and contested the seat, but 
 defeated in tlie House by a small majority; 
 refused to claim any pay as a contestant, although 
 the report of the Committee on Elections was 
 against the sitting member; delegate to the 
 Democratic convention in lytiS; appointed to the 
 United (states Senate by the governor of ;yiary- 
 land to till the vacancy occasioned by the appoint- 
 ment of Reverdy Johnson as minister to Great 
 Britain; took his seat July 14, 18G8, and served 
 until ^rar(h4, 1,S69; elected governor of JIaryland 
 for four years in November, 1871, and resigned the 
 ottice ti I enalile the legislature to elect his successor 
 on his having been elected to the I'nited States 
 Senate as a Democrat, to succeed \\'. T. Hamilton, 
 Democrat; received the degree of LL. D. in June, 
 1874, from the University of Maryland; took his 
 seat in the Senate March 4, 1875, and served until 
 March ,3, 1881. 
 
 Wick, William W. , was born at Canonsburg, 
 Pa., Feliruary 2o, 1796; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; taught school; studied medicine and then 
 law, and began practicing law in Fayette County, 
 Ind., in 1820; ,«ecretary of the State of Indiana in 
 1825; State attornev for the fifth judicial circuit 
 1829-1831; president-judge 1832-1835; elected a 
 Representative from Indiana to the Twenty-sixth 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the Twenty- 
 ninth and Thirtieth Congresses; postmaster at 
 Indianapolis 1853-1857; died in Franklin County, 
 Ind., May 16, 1868. 
 
 Wickes, Eliphalet, was born in Suffolk County, 
 N. Y. ; elected a Representative from New York to 
 the Ninth Congress. 
 
 Wickham, Charles P., of Norwalk, Ohio, was 
 born at Norwalk, Huron County, Ohio, September 
 15, 1836; printer in his youth; educated in the pub- 
 lic schools of Norwalk and at the Norwalk Acad- 
 emy; studied law and graduated from the Cincin- 
 nati Law School; admitted to the bar in 1858 and 
 practiced law at Norwalk; enlisted as a private in 
 Crimpany D, Fifty-fifth KegimentOhio Volunteers, 
 in September, 1861, and mustered out of the serv- 
 ice on the 11th of July, 1865; attained to the rank 
 of first lieutenant, captain, major, and lieutenant- 
 colonel; while a major was commissioned lieuten- 
 ant-colonel by brevet, by the President, for "gal- 
 lant and meritorious services in the Carolinas;" 
 resumed the practice of law in Norwalk in Jul}', 
 1865; elected prosecuting attorney in 1866 and re- 
 elected in 1868; elected judge of the court id com 
 mon pleas of the fourth judicial district in 1880 
 and reelected in 1885asaRepublican, inastrongly 
 Democratic subdivision, which office he resigned 
 in 1886; elected to the Fiftieth Congress as a Re- 
 publican; reelected to the Fifty-first Congress. 
 
 Wickliffe, Charles A., was bornat Bardstown, 
 Ky., June 8, 178,S; received a liberal education; 
 studied law, an<l began practice at Bardstown; 
 State representative 1812-13 and 1822-23; elected 
 a Representative from Kentucky to the Eighteenth 
 Congress as a C'lay Democrat; reelected to the 
 Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty- 
 second Congresses; elected to the State house 
 of representatives in IH'U, and speaker; lieuten- 
 ant-governor of Kentucky in 1836; became gov- 
 ernor at the death of Governor Clark in 1839; 
 Postmaster-General under President Tyler 1841- 
 1845; sent on a secret mission by President Polk 
 to the Republic of Texas in 1845; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Kentucky to the Thirty-seventh 
 Congress as a l^nion Whig; delegate to the national 
 Democratic convention at Chicago in 1864; died in 
 Howard Count v, Md., October 31, 1869. 
 
 Widgery, William, was born at Philadelphia, 
 Pa., in 175li; attended the common schools; sailor; 
 served in the Revolutionary war; moved to Port- 
 land, Mass. (now ;\Iaine) ; State representative 1789, 
 1791, 1793, 1794, and 1797; member of the execu- 
 tive council in 1806 and 1807; judge of the court 
 of common pleas 1813-1822; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Maine district of Massachusetts to the 
 Twelfth Congress as a War Democrat; defeated for 
 reelection; moved to Boston and died there August 
 7, 1822. 
 
 Wigfall, Louis T. , was born in Edgefield Dis- 
 trict, S. C, April 21, 1816; received a classical edu- 
 cation ; studied law, and began practice at Marshall, 
 Tex. ; elected a United States Senator from Texas as 
 a Democrat (vice J. P. Henderson, deceased) 1860- 
 61; expelled from the Senate July 11, 1861; served 
 in the Confederate army ; represented Texas in tlie 
 Confederate Congress; after the war moved to Lon- 
 don, an<l a short time afterwards returned to Balti- 
 more, where he was admitted to the bar December 
 1, 1873; died at Galveston, Tex., February 18, 1874. 
 
 Wiggintou, Peter Dinwiddle, was born at 
 Springfield, 111., Septendier 6, 1839; received a 
 liberal education; studieil law, admitted to the bar, 
 and began jiractice at JNIerced, Cal.; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from California to the Forty-fourth 
 Congress as a Democrat and i-eelected to the 
 Forty-fifth Congress; attempted to revive the old 
 American party in 1886, and as candidate for gov- 
 ernor of California received more than 8,000 votes; 
 died in Oakland, Cal., July 7, 1890. 
 
 Wike, Scott, of Pittsfleld, 111., was born at 
 Meadville, Pa., April 6, 18.34; moved with his 
 parents to Quincy, 111., in 1838, and to Pike 
 County in 1844; educated at Lombard University, 
 Galesburg, graduating therefrom in 1857; studied 
 law, and admitted to the bar in 1858; graduated 
 from Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Mass., in 
 1859, and commenced the practice of law the same 
 year at Pittsfield; twice elected to the legislature 
 of Illinois and served from 1863 to 1867; member of 
 the Forty-fourth Congress; elected to the Fifty-first 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the Fifty- 
 second Congress; an Assistant Secretary of the 
 Treasury under President Cleveland (second ad- 
 ministration); died near Barry, 111., Januarv 15, 
 1901. 
 
 Wilber, David, was born near Quaker Street, 
 Schenectady County, N. Y., October 5, 1820; re- 
 ceived a common school education; commenced 
 life by working as a farm laborer and then work- 
 ing land on shares; became the owner of real estate 
 and engaged largely in the lumber trade and farm- 
 ing; commenced the hop business in 1S48 and 
 extensively engaged in the trade; one of the direc- 
 tors of the Second National Bank at Cooperstown, 
 N. Y. ; was president of the Wilber National Bank 
 at Oneonta; elected to the Forty-third, Forty- 
 sixth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses as a 
 Republican; delegate to the Republican national 
 convention at Chicago in 1880; died April 1, 1890. 
 
 Wilber, David P., of Oneonta, N. Y., was 
 born at Milford, Otsego County, N. Y., December 
 7, 1859; son of David Wilber, above; graduate<l 
 from Cazenovia (N. Y. ) Seminary in 1879; engaged 
 in the hop business with his father in 1880, and 
 largely interested in farming and stock breedirig, 
 devoting especial attention to the Holstein-Friesiau 
 strain of cattle; twice represented Oneonta in the 
 board of supervisors; member of the New York 
 State tuberculosis commission in cattle in 1894; 
 director of the Wilber National Bank of Oneonta; 
 
 II. Doc-. 45S- 
 
 -5(i 
 
882 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL OIRKCTORY. 
 
 president of the Hnlstein-Friesian Association ol 
 Aiiierieaand uf the Aiiiericun (.'heviot Slieep As*ii>- 
 ciation of the I'liiteil Slates and Canada; trustee 
 of the Cazenovia Seminary; eleeti-d to the Fifty- 
 fourth Congress an a Kepubliean; reeleeted to the 
 Fifty-liltli t'on^ress. 
 
 Wilbour. Isaac, was a native of Little Conip- 
 ton, H. 1.; received a liberal edueation; studied law 
 iind admitted to the bar; elected a Representative 
 from Khoile Island to the Tenth Con^'ress; actinif 
 ^'overnor of Khmlc Island in 18(lt). 
 
 Wilcox, Jeduthan, was born in New Hamp- 
 shire in 17(ill; elected a Keiiresentative from New 
 Hampshire to the Thirteenth Conj;res.s as a Fed- 
 eralist and ri-eleeted to the Fourteenth Congress; 
 died at Orford, N. IL, in July, IKiS. 
 
 "Wilcox, John A., was born in North Carolina 
 April IS, ISlli; moved to Tennessee, where he was 
 cducateil in the common schools: moved to Mis- 
 sissippi and located at Aberdeen; secretary of the 
 f^tate senate; served ii the >Iexican war as lieu- 
 tenant, adjutant, and lieutenant-colonel; ele<'ted a 
 Representative from Mississiiii)i to the Thirty- 
 second Conf;ress as a Union Whii.': defeated for 
 reelection; movcil to Texas in ISo.'i; represented 
 Texas in the Confederate Congress; ilied at Rich- 
 mond, Va., February 7, 18H4. 
 
 Wilcox, Leonard, was V)orn at ILinovcr, N. H., 
 .January L'si, 17'.'!'; graduated from Dartmouth Col- 
 lege in 1.S17; studied law and began practice at 
 Orford; State representative; judge of^ the supe- 
 riorcourt; ajiiiointed a I'nited States Senator from 
 New Hampshire (vice Franklin Fierce, resigned) 
 and elected as a Democrat, serving from 1842 to 
 1843; died at Orford, X. IL, in 1850. 
 
 Wilcox, Robert William, of Honolulu, was 
 a native Hawaiian; born in Honuaula, island 
 of Maui, February lo, 18.>t; his father was a 
 native of Newport, R. I., and his ancestors were 
 originally estalilisheil in this country in Hilid; his 
 mother was a pure native of Honuaula. island of 
 Maui, adescenilant of Lonomakaihonua, brotherto 
 King Kaulahea, of Maui; educated in a common 
 school called "Haleakala Hoarding School," Ma- 
 kawat), island of Mani,and later reieivcd academic 
 education at the Royal Military Academy, Turin, 
 Italy, 1881-1,S,H."), becoming snb'lientenant' of artil- 
 lery; entered the Royal .\p|)lication School for 
 Engineer anil .\rtilli'ry ( )flicers at Turin in IS.s."), 
 and recalled by the Hawaiian (iovermnent in 1887; 
 elected to the legislature as representative from 
 AVailuku, island of Maui, in 1880; from Honolulu 
 in 18!i((, and from Koolanloa, islantl of Oahu, in 
 1,892; electe<l to Congress November Ii, 1!HK), as the 
 first Delegate from Hawaii to the second session 
 of the Fiftv-sixtli Congre.ss, anil at the same time 
 elected to t)ie Fifty-seventh Congress. 
 
 Wilcox, Washing'ton F. , of Chester, Conn., 
 was born at Killingworth, Conn.; prepared for 
 college at Hopkins (irannuar .School, New Haven; 
 graduated from the Yale l-iw School in 18(12; ad- 
 mitted to the bar the same year in Middlesex 
 County, and o|H'ned a law ottice at Deep liixcr, at 
 which place he continued the practice of la« ; 
 elected a niend)erof the Connecticut house of rep- 
 resentatives in 18(12 and 18(>.'{: elected to the State 
 senate in 187.'iajid ls7(i; appointed State attorney 
 in 1875, and held that otlice continuously for eight 
 years; elected to the Filty-lii-st Congress as a Dem- 
 ocrat; reelected to the Fifty-second Congress; re- 
 sumed the practice of law; ap|>ointeil one of the 
 Slate railroad commissioners of Connecticut for 
 four \ ears in 1SU7. 
 
 Wilde, Richard Henry, was l)orn at Dnblin. 
 Ireland. September 24, 17811; came to .\merica in 
 17117 and located at Baltimore; received a limited 
 education; mov<'d to .Vngnsta, <ia., and studied 
 law; admitted totliebarin 1.80!(; attorney-geiienil 
 of (ieorgia; elected a Kepre.-ientalive from (ieorgia 
 to the Fourteenth and Kighleenlh Congresses as a 
 Democrat; defeated for the Nineteenth Congre.-^s; 
 elected to the Tweiity-lirst, Twenty-.seeond, and 
 T\\ enty-lliird Congres.ses; defeated fortheTweiity- 
 fourth Congress; moved to New < trleans in 184.{to 
 act a.'j i)rofes.<or of law in the I'niversity of Loui- 
 siana; died at New Orleans, Sei)tember 10, 1847. 
 
 Wilder, A. Carter, was torn at Mendon, Mass., 
 March 18, 1828; received a liberal education; 
 moved to Leavenworth, Kans.. in 1.S57 and becami! 
 a merchant; delegate from Kansas to the Repub- 
 lican national convention at Chicago in 18(10; elect- 
 ed a Representative from Kansas to the Thirty- 
 eighth Congress a-: a Republican; delegate to the 
 Republican national convention at Baltimore in 
 18tJ4; died at San Francisco, Cal., Decemljer 28, 
 1875. 
 
 Wildman, Zalmon, was horn at Danbnrv, 
 Conn., in 1775; received a liberal education; held 
 several local ottices; elei'ted a Representative from 
 Connecticut to the Twenty-fourth Congress as a 
 Democrat, serving from Decendier 7, 18.'J5, to De- 
 ceud)er 10, 18;55, when he died, at Wa,shington, D. C. 
 
 Wildrick, Isaac, was a native of New .Jersey; 
 receix ed a limited education; elected a Representa- 
 tive friim New Jersey to the Thirty-tirst Congress 
 as a Democrat; reelected to the Thirty-second 
 
 Congre.-'s. 
 
 Wiley, Ariosto Appling-, of Montgomery, 
 .Via., was horn November (1, 1848, at Clayton, Bar- 
 ln)nr County; reared in Pike Countv; graduated 
 from Kmoryand Henry College. Virginia, in June, 
 1871, and in October, 1872, located at the citv of 
 Montgomery and engaged in the practice of law; 
 elected to the bouse of repre.«eutat(ves of the State 
 legislature from Montgomery County in 1.882, and 
 almost continuously from that time until elected to 
 Congress served in the general as.sembly of the 
 State, either in the hou.se or the senate; atthetime 
 of his election to the Fifty-seventh Congress was a 
 State senator from the twenty-eighth ilistrict; on 
 June it, 1.8518, President .McKinley ap])ointeil him 
 lieutenant-colonel of the Fifth Regiment. I.S. Vol- 
 unteer Infantry, one of the ten so-called im(nnne 
 regiments organized under special act of Congre-s; 
 served an enlistment of eleven montlis in Cuba; 
 legal adviser and chief of staff of (ien. Henry W. 
 Lawton at Santiago, and a-ssisted Cieii. l.,eonard 
 ' Wood in the establishment of civil govennnent in 
 the eastern province; elected to the Fifty-seventh 
 and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Wiley, James S., was a native of Maine; 
 graduated from Waterville College in 1.8:1(1; studied 
 law, and began |>ractice at Dover; electtnl a Repre- 
 sentative from Maine to the Thirtieth Congress as 
 a Democrat. 
 
 Wiley, John M., of Colden, N. Y., was horn 
 in Iridand, .\ngust 11. 184(1; eiiiigratCKl to Amer- 
 ica with his parents when 4 years old, and .-iettk^l 
 in Krie County, N. Y.; receive<l a common school 
 education; worked on his father's farm until 18 
 yearsofage; bought and sold cattle until 21 yeais 
 of age, and then engaged in mercantili' pursuits 
 and real estate business; elected to the lecislatun^ 
 j in 1871 and 1872; delegate from that di-trict to 
 I several national l>emocr.iiic c DiiMiitiouM elected 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 888 
 
 to the Fifty-first Congress as a Democrat; ap- 
 pointed by President Cleveland consid to France. 
 
 Wilkin, James W., was born in Orange 
 County, N. Y., in 1762; graduated from Princeton 
 ColLege in 1785; studied law and began practicing 
 at Goshen, K. Y. ; memlier of tlie !?tate house of 
 representatives in 1800; elected a Kejiresentative 
 from New York to the Fourteenth and Fifteenth 
 Congresses; countv clerk of Orange County 1819- 
 1821; died at Goshen, N. Y., Fel)ruary 23, 1845. 
 
 Wilkin, Samuel J., was born in Orange 
 County, N. Y., in 1790; graduated from Princeton 
 College in 1812; studied law, and began practice 
 at Goshen; State representative 1824 and 1825; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Twentv-second Congress as a Democrat; died at 
 Goshen, N. Y., March 11, 1866. 
 
 Wilkins, Beriah, of Urichsville, Ohio, was born 
 in Union County, Ohio, July 10, 1846; received a 
 common school education in the public schools at 
 Marysville, t)hio; banker; elected in 1879 to rep- 
 resent the eighteenth senatorial district in the Ohio 
 senate; elected to the Forty-eighth, Furty-ninth, 
 and Fiftieth Congresses as a Democrat ; after leaving 
 Congress devoted his time to newspaper work, 
 becoming the owner and publisher of the Wash- 
 ington Post, at Washington, D. C. 
 
 Wilkins, William, was born at Carlisle, Pa., 
 December 20, 1779; graduated from Dickin.son Col- 
 lege; studied law, and in 1800 began practice at 
 Pittsburg; president of the Bank of Pittsl)nrg and 
 the Pittsburg Manufacturing Company; served in 
 the State militia as brigadier-general ; State repre- 
 sentative in 1819; defeated as the candidate for the 
 Twentieth Congress; elected a United States Sen- 
 ator from Pennsylvania as a Democrat 1831-1834, 
 when he resigned to become minister to Russia; 
 returned home in 1835; elected a Rejiresentative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Twenty-eighth Congress 
 as a Democrat, resigning Feliruary 14, 1844, to 
 ' enter President Tyler's Cabinet as Secretary of War 
 1844-45; State senator in 1857; died at Homewood, 
 Pa., June 23, 1865. 
 
 Wilkinson, Morton S., was born in Skaneat- 
 eles, Onondaga County, N. Y., January 22, 1819; 
 received a limited education; moved to Illinois in 
 1837 and employed in railroad work two years; 
 returned to Skaneateles and studied law-; admitted 
 to the bar in 1842 at Syracuse; mo^ed to St. Paul, 
 Minn., in 1847, and elected to the first legislature 
 of Minnesota Territory in 1849; appointeil one of 
 the board of commissioners to prejiare a code of 
 laws for the Territory, which was adojited ; elected 
 aUnited States Senator from Minnesota as a Repub- 
 lican 18.59-1865; defeated for reelection; elected a 
 Rejiresentative from IMinnesota to the Forty-first 
 Congress as a Republican; State senator in 1874- 
 1878; died at St. Paul, Minn., February 4, 1894. 
 
 Wilkinson, Theodore Stark, of Plaquemines 
 Parish, La., was born there December 18, 1847; 
 received a common school education before and 
 during a portion of the war; attended 'Washington 
 College, Lexington, Va., for two years; became 
 engaged in sugar planting in 1870; member of the 
 school board of Plaquemines Parish; memlier and 
 president of the board of levee commissioners for 
 the third levee district; elected to the Fiftieth 
 Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the Fifty- 
 first Congress. 
 
 Willard, Charles W. , was liorn in Lyndon, 
 Vt., June 18, 1827; graduated from Dartmouth 
 College in 1851; studied law and in 1853 began 
 
 practicing at Montpelier; secretary of the State of 
 Vermont 1855-56; declined a reelection; State sen- 
 ator 1860-61; elected a Representative from Ver- 
 mont to the Forty-first Congress as a Republican; 
 reelected to the Forty-second and Forty-third 
 Congresses. 
 
 Willard, George, was born at Bolton, Vt., 
 JIarch 20, 1824; received a classical education; 
 professor for two years in Kalamazoo College; 
 engaged in new'spaper work; member of the Mich- 
 igan State board of education 1857-1863; regent 
 of the Michigan University for ten years; elected 
 to the State legislature in 1866; elected a member 
 of the constitutional convention in 1867; delegate 
 from Michigan to the national Republican con- 
 vention in 1872; elected a Representative from 
 Michigan to the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Con- 
 gresses as a Republican. 
 
 Willey, Calvin, was born at East Haddam, 
 Conn., September 15, 1776; received a limited 
 education; studied law and liegan practice at Staf- 
 ford; State representative for nine years and a 
 State senator two years; moved to Tolland, Conn., 
 in 1808; po.stma,ster at Tolland four years; elector 
 on the John Quincy Adanjs ticket in 1824; elected 
 a L'nited States Senator from Ccmnecticut, serving 
 from 1825 to 1831; died at Stafford, Conn., August 
 23, 1858. 
 
 Willey, Waitman T., was born in Monongalia 
 County, Va., October 18, 1811; graduated from 
 iladison College, Pennsylvania; studied law and 
 admitted to the bar; held several local offices; 
 delegate to the Virginia constitutional con^•ention 
 in 1861; elected a United States Senator from \\r- 
 ginia in 1861; delegate to the State constitutional 
 convention of the State of West Virginia; elected 
 a Senator from AVest Virginia in 1863, and re- 
 elected, serving from 1863 to 1871; died Mav 3, 
 1900. 
 
 Williams, AbramP., of San Francisco, Cal., 
 was born at Nsw Portland, Somerset County, Me., 
 February 3, 1832; received a common schoiil and 
 academic education; taught school until 22 years 
 old, when he moved to Fairfield, Somerset County, 
 JMe., and engaged in mercantile' pursuits; moved 
 to California in 1858 and began mining in Tou- 
 lumne County; resumed mercantile liusiness in 
 1859, and moved to San Francisco in 1861, where 
 he has since resided; importer, stock raiser, and 
 farmer; one of the founders of the San Francisco 
 Board of Trade, and its first president; member 
 of the San Francisco Chamlier of Commerce; 
 chosen chairman of the finance committee and 
 treasurer of the Republican State committee of 
 California in 1880, and elected chairman of the 
 State committee in 1884; elected I'nited States 
 Senator by the California legislature to succeed 
 George Hearst, who was appointed by (Governor 
 Stoneman, and took his seat December 6, 1886, and 
 served until March 3, 1887. 
 
 Williams, Alpheus S. , was born at Say brook. 
 Conn., September20, 1810; graduated from'Yalein 
 1831; studied law, and began jiractice at Detroit; 
 judge of probate 1840-1844; editor of the De- 
 troit Daily Advertiser 1843-1S47; appointed po.st- 
 master of Detroit in 1849; lieutenant-colonel in 
 the Mexican war, and on the breaking out of the 
 civil war became a major-general of ndlitia, and 
 afterwards made a brigadier-general in the Armv; 
 minister resident at San Salvador 1866-1869; 
 elected a Representative from Michigan to the 
 Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses as a Dem- 
 ocrat; died at AVashington, D. C., December 20, 
 1878. 
 
884 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTORY. 
 
 Williams, Andrew, was horn at Ormstowii, 
 C'anaiUi, .\iij;iisl L'7, 1S2.S; ivii'iveil ii liiniteii odii- 
 i-tttion; oame totlic Ciiited Statcn in Oi'U)l)er, 1H4H; 
 became a inanul'actiircr at l*lattMl>ur>;, N. Y., in 
 1855; electe<l a Kepresentative from New York to 
 the Fortv-lourlli Coii;.'ress as a Keijul)lican; re- 
 eliM-te.l t.". the l"(.rty-liltli Coii^.Tess. 
 
 Williams. Archibald H. A., of Oxford, N. f., 
 wa-s horn in Kranklin t'ountv, X. C, Oetolx-r L'l.', 
 1842; received his ediuation in the nei>;ld)orhoiiil 
 schools of his State ami at Kmory and llenrv Col- 
 lejje, Vir-iinia; eidisted as a i>rivale in (he Confed- 
 erate army in hstil; serveil four years in the Army 
 of N'.irthern N'iririnia, and at the sinrender at 
 A]il>oMiattox was captain of hiscomimny ; severely 
 wouniK'ilat ( iettyshurfi; taken jirisoner, hut eluded 
 the viajlance of Ids captors, and returne<i to Ills 
 connnand; after the war eii;.'a;;ed in farnuns; and 
 inerchandisiuf;; instr;:meiital in hnildiuf; the Ox- 
 ford and lleniU'rsou Kaihuad, whidi was for sev- 
 eral years under his mana^'enient; treasurer and 
 also one iif the directors <if the Oxford Or])han 
 Asylum; directorof the< Idii I'ellnws' ( )rphan Asy- 
 luui; twice represented Oranville County in tlie 
 legislature; elected to the Fifty-second Congress 
 as a Democrat. 
 
 Williams, Benjamin, was horn in North Car- 
 olina in 17i4; received a das.-ical education; served 
 in the Revolutionary Arn.y as cajitain and colonel; 
 for a nundier of yearsa mendierof the State liouse 
 of representatives; elected a Kcprescnialive from 
 Nurtii Carolina to the Third Consrress; governor 
 of North Carolina 17iW-1802 and hS07-8; mendier 
 of the State senate lSOS-9: died in iloore Countv, 
 N. ('., .Inly L'O, 1S14. 
 
 Williams, Charles G., of Janesville, AVis., was 
 l)ornat Koyalton, N. Y., Octoher 18, 1829; received 
 an academic education, and studie<l law at Koch- 
 ester in that State; moved to Wisconsin in 185ti, 
 an<l entere(l upon the practice of his profession; 
 Presidential elector in IsiiS, and elected to the 
 State senate in that year; reelected to the State 
 senate in 1S70, and twi<e chosen i)resident j)ro 
 tempore of tliat hody; electeil to the Forty-third. 
 Forty-fourth, Forty-lifth, Forty-sixth, and" Forty- 
 seventh Conpres-ses as a Kepuhlican; resumed the i 
 practice i>f law after leavin); Congre-ss. j 
 
 Williams, Christopher H., was a native of 
 Tennessee; received a hlieral education; elected a 
 Kepresentative from Tennessee to the Twenty- 
 tifth. Twenty-sixth, Twenty-seventh, Thirty-lirst, 
 and Thirty-second Congresses as a Whig. ^ 
 
 Williams, David B. , was horn at Robbing 
 Neck.S.C., March 10, 17711; graduated from Brown 
 University in 17!I7; studied and practiced law; 
 eleeteil a' Representjitive from South Carolina to 
 the Ninth Congress; reelected to the Tenth Con- 
 gress and again to the Twelftli Congress as a War 
 Ilemocrat; hrigailier-general in the I'nited .'slates 
 .\nnv ,Inlv 9, I8i:!, to April (>, 1814; governor of 
 Soutfi Car<)lina 1814-1816; dieil in Lynchs Creek, 
 8. C, November 15, 1.S30. 
 
 Williams, Elihu S., of Troy, Ohio, was born 
 in Bethel Township, Clark County, t »hio, .January 
 24, 1835; received a common school education, and 
 was a student at Antiodi College two vears; read 
 lawin Dayton; eidisted asa private in ttieSeventy- 
 lii-st Ohio Volunteer Infantry in Oelolier, 18()1; 
 comndssioned first lienlenaiit I'ebruary 14, 18l!2; 
 promoted to captain Fi4irnary Id. isii:i; detailed 
 to the connnand of the ndlitary post at Carthage, 
 Tenn., SepteinlH-r. Isii;',, ami remained there till 
 the close oi the war. atlorncy-i.'eneral uf the sixth 
 
 judicial district of Tenneasee from April, ISfio, till 
 18ti7; elected to the Tennessee house of representa- 
 tives in 181)7, and served one term; moved to Troy, 
 Ohio, in January, 1875; elected to the Fiftieth and 
 Fifty-lirst Congre.-^ses as a Republican. 
 
 Williams, George Fred., of Dedham, Ma.ss., 
 Wits born at Dedham, Norfolk County, Mass., July 
 10, 1852; graduated from Dedham High School in 
 I8<i8, from Dartmouth in 1872, and studied at the 
 universities of lleidcll>erg and Berlin; admiltetl 
 to the l)Mr in < >ctober, 1875; edited Williams's Cita- 
 tions of Massachusetts Cases in 1878, and volumes 
 It) to 17 of the Annual Digest of the I'nited States 
 1880-1887; elected U) the .Ma.s.siichusetts legislature 
 in 1889; elei led to the Fifty-.-^econd Congress as a 
 Democrat; resumed the pnu-tice of law; Demo- 
 cratic candidate for governor of Mas-sachnsetts but 
 defeated. 
 
 Williams, George H. , was born at New Leb- 
 anon, N. v., March 2:5, 1,823; received a liberal 
 education; studied law; niovefl to Iowa, where he 
 began the practice of his ] irofe.ssion ; judge of the 
 lirsl judicial district of Iowa 1.847-18.52; Presiilen- 
 lial elector in 1.8.52; chief ju.stice of the Territory 
 of Oregon in 1853 and again in 1.857, resigning; 
 niendier of the constitutional convention of Ore- 
 gon in 18.58; elected a United States Senator from 
 Oregon asa Union Republican 18().5-1871 ; Attorncy- 
 (icneralof the United States 18/ 2-1875; nominatt^l 
 by President Grant Chief Justice of the Supreme 
 Court of the United States, Init the name was 
 withdrawn. 
 
 Williams, Henry, was lx)rn at Taunton. Mas- , 
 in Novendier, 1804; received a liberal eilucation; 
 studied law, and began practicing at Taunton; 
 elected a Re])resentative from Massachu.setts to 
 the Twenty-sixth Congress as a Democrat; de- 
 feated for reelection; again elected to the Twenty- 
 eighth Congress; State senator two years, and 
 served in the State house of representatives three 
 yeaiv. 
 
 Williams, Hezekiah, was bom at Wootlstook, 
 Vt., in 1798; graduated from Dartmouth ColU^ge 
 in 1820; stndicil law anil beg-an jiracticeat (\istine; 
 register of probate for Hancock County 1824-1.8;i8; 
 State senator 1839-1,841; elected a KeiJre.-^entative 
 from -Maine to the Twenty-ninth Congn>ss as a 
 Democrat; reelected to the Thirtieth Congress; 
 died at Castine, Me., Octol>er 24, lS.5li. 
 
 Williams, Isaac, was born in Ot.sego County, 
 N. Y.; leciivecl a lindted education; elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Thirteenth, 
 Fifteenth, and Kighteenth Congresses. 
 
 Williams, James, was born at Philadelphia, 
 Pa., .Vugust 4, 1825; received a liberal education; 
 moved to Delaware in 1844; farmer; .state legisla- 
 torin 18.5()and 18(>2; .state senator in IStWand 1871; 
 member of the national l>eniocratic convention at 
 Haltimore in 1872; elected a Representative from 
 Delaware to the Forty-fourth Congress asa Demo- 
 crat; reelected to the Fortv-lifth Congress. 
 
 Williams, James D., was born in Pickaway 
 County. < 'bio, .laiiuary Itl, 1.808; moved to Imliana 
 and locateil in Knox Countv in 1818; farmer; State 
 representative 1,843, 1847,' 1H51, 18.5t). and I8()8, 
 ancl State senator 1858, 1862, and 1870; delegate 
 to the natii.nal ])eniocnitic convention at Haiti- 
 more ill 1872; elected a Reiireseiitative from Indi- 
 ana to the F.)rty-fourtli Congress as a Democrat, 
 serving until December 1, lS7ti, w hen he re-signed 
 t.i become governor of Indiana; liietl at ludiauap- 
 olis, Ind., November 20, 1880. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 885 
 
 ■Williams, James R., of Carmi, III, was born 
 in White County, 111., December 27, 1850; gradu- 
 ated from the Indiana State University, Blooming- 
 ton, in 1875, and from the Union College of Law, 
 Chicago, in 1876; engaged in the practice of his 
 profession atCarmi; master in chancery 18S0-1882, 
 and county judge of White County 1882-1886; 
 nominee for elector on the Cleveland and Thur- 
 man ticket; elected to the Fifty-first Congress, at 
 a special election, to till the vacancy caused by the 
 death of Hon. K. W. Townshend; reelected to the 
 Fifty-second, Fifty-third, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-sev- 
 enth, and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Williams, James W. , was born in IMaryland 
 in 1787; received a HI >eral education; speaker of 
 the State house of representatives in 1830, and 
 served several years as member; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Maryland to the Twenty-seventh 
 Congress as a Democrat, serving from May 31, 
 1841, to December 2, 1842, when he died. 
 
 "Williams, Jared, was born in Montgomery 
 County, Md., March 4, 1766; received a cla.ssical 
 education; farmer; meiuberoftheStatehouseof rep- 
 resentatives in 181 1 and 1817; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Virginia to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, 
 and Eighteenth Congresses as a Jackson Demo- 
 crat; Presidential elector on the Jackson and Cal- 
 houn ticket in 1829; died near Newton, Ya., 
 January 2, 1S:',1. 
 
 Williams, Jared W. , was born at West Wood- 
 stock, Conn., December 22, 1796; graduated from 
 Brown University in 1818; studied law, and began 
 practicing at Lancaster, N. H.; member of the 
 State house of representatives in 1830, 1831, 1835, 
 and 1836, and of tlie State senate 1832, 1833, and 
 18.34; elected a Representative from New Hamp- 
 shire to the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-si.xth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; governor of New Hampshire 
 1847-1849; appointecl a United States Senatorfrom 
 New Hampshire (vice C. G. Atherton, deceased) 
 1853-1855; died at Lancaster, N. H., September 
 29, 1864. 
 
 Williams, Jere N., was Ijorn in Barbour 
 County, Ala., in Ajiril, 1820; graduated from the 
 University of South Carolina; studied law and 
 practiced; served in the Confederate army; elected 
 a Representative from Alabama to the Forty-fom-th 
 and Forty-fifth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Williams, John, was a native of Hanover 
 County, Va. ; carpenter; moved to North Carolina, 
 where" lie studied law and practiced; Delegate to 
 the Continental Congress 1777-78; died in Gran- 
 ville County, N. C, October 10, 1799. 
 
 Williams, John, was a native of Washington 
 County, N. Y. ; colcmei in the Revolutionary Army; 
 member iif the New York State senate in 1777, but 
 expelled for misconduct; again a member of the 
 State senate 1782-1793; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Fourth and Fifth Congresses. 
 
 Williams, John, was born in Surry County, 
 N. C, January 29, 1778; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; studie<l law and l)egan practice at Knoxville, 
 Tenn.; served as colonel in the war of 1812 under 
 General Jackson; elected a United States Senator 
 from Tennessee (vice G. W. Campbell, resigned) 
 1815-1823; appointed chargt^ d'affaires to Central 
 America 1825-26; member of the State senate; died 
 near Knoxville, Tenn., August 10, 1837. 
 
 Williams, John, was born at Utica, N. Y., in 
 1807; engaged in mercantile pursuits at Roches- 
 ter, N. Y., Jlay, 1853-54; elected a Representa- 
 tive from New York to the Thirty-fourth Congress 
 
 as a Democrat; major-general of militia; city treas- 
 urer of Rochester 1871-1875; died March 26, 1875. 
 
 Williams, John M. S., was born at Richmond, 
 Va., August 14, 1818; educated at Boston; mer- 
 chant; member of the State house of representa- 
 tives 1856 and the State senate 1858; Presidential 
 elector in 1868; electe<l a Representative from 
 JIassachusetts to the Forty-third Congress as a 
 Republican; defeated for reelection. 
 
 Williams, John S. , waa born in Montgomery 
 County, Ky., in 1820; graduated from Oxford Col- 
 lege, Ohio, in 1839; studied and iiracticeil law at 
 Paris, Ky.; served in the Mexican war, first as cap- 
 tain of an independent comjiany attacheil to the 
 Sixth Infantry, U. S. Army, and afterwards as 
 colonel of the Fourtli Regiment of Kentucky ^'ol- 
 unteers; elected to the Kentucky legislature in 
 1857 and again in 1875; entered the Confederate 
 army as colonel in 1861; made brigadiei'-general 
 in April, 1862, and surrendered with the army of 
 Gen. Joseph E. Johnston in Georgia; farmer; 
 served his party several times as delegate to na- 
 tional conventions and as a Presidential elec- 
 tor; elected to the United States Senate as a 
 Democrat to succeed Thomas C. McCreery, Demo- 
 crat, and took his seat March 19, 1879, serving to 
 March 3, 1885; died July 17, 1898. 
 
 Williams, John Sharp, of Yazoo, Miss., was 
 l)orn July 30, 1854, at Memphis, Tenn.; his mother 
 having died, his father being killed atShiloh, and 
 Memphis being threatened with capture Ijy the 
 Federal Army, his family moved to the family 
 homestead of his mother in Yazoo County, Miss. ; 
 received a fair education at private schools, the Ken- 
 tucky Military Institute, near Frankfort, Ky., the 
 University of the South, Sewanee, Tenn., the 
 University of Virginia, and the University of 
 Heidelberg, in Baden, Germany; sul.)se<|uently 
 studied law under Professors Minor and Southall 
 at the University of Virginia, and in the office of 
 Harris, McKisick & Turley in Memphis; got licenj?e 
 to practice in the courts of law and chancery of 
 Shelby County, Tenn., in 1877; moved in Decem- 
 ber, 1878, to Yazoo City, Miss., where he engaged 
 in the practice of his profession and the varied 
 pursuits of a cotton planter; delegate to the Chicago 
 convention in 1892; elected to the Fiftv-third, 
 Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, 
 and Fifty-eighth Congresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Williams, Jonathan, was born at Boston, jMass. , 
 May 26, 1750; attended the common schools; en- 
 gaged in mercantile pursuits; studied law and 
 practiced; located at Philadelphia; judge of the 
 court of common pleas; entered the U. S. Army 
 in February, 1801, as major of engineers, and re- 
 signed June 20, 1803, as lieutenant-colonel of engi- 
 neers; colonel of engineers 1808-1812. when he 
 I resigned; elected a Representative from Pennsyl- 
 ! vania to the Fourteenth Congress l>ut died at Phila- 
 : delpbia, before taking his seat. May 16, 1815. 
 
 Williams, Joseph li., was born in Tennessee 
 about 1800; received a lilteral education; electeil 
 a Representative from Tennessee to the Twenty- 
 fifth Congress as a Whig; reelected to the Twenty- 
 sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses. 
 
 t Williams, Lemuel, was a native of Massachu- 
 setts; graduated from Harvard College in 1765; 
 elected a Representative fron\ Massachusetts to 
 the Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Congre.■^ses. 
 
 Williams, Lewis, was born in Surry County, 
 N. C, February 1, 1786; graduated from the Uni- 
 versity of North Carolina in 1808; member of the 
 
88n 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTOKY. 
 
 liou.'<e of I'oniinoiiH ISi:i-14; eU-ctoil a Kt'iin- 
 Kt'iitativi' frimi North I'aroliiui to the Foiirtefiitli 
 t'ongivHS; ivi'U'i'ti'il to the thirteen successive 
 Congresses, reci'ivin>r the title of " Kalher of the 
 House;" ilieil February 2:5, 1842, at W'ashiiifjiton, 
 
 D. r. 
 
 Williams, Slarmaduke, wa" born in Caswell 
 County, X. C., A|iril li, I77li; receiveila Ulieral eihi- 
 eatiou; stu<Iieii law ami l)e},^ul iiractice; elected a 
 Kepresentative from North Carolina to the Kij;htli, 
 Ninth, anil Tenth Con.i.'resses; tuoveil to Mailison 
 County, Ala., in ISIO, anil to Tuscaloosa in ISl.S; 
 iiienilicr of the constitutional convention in ISli); 
 caniliilate for j;overnor in IS1!I and defeated; judjje 
 of the Tuscaloosa Countv court 1832-1842; died at 
 Tuscaloosa, Ala.. October 29, IS-'iO. 
 
 Williams, Morgan B., of Wilkpsli.Trro, Pa., 
 was born at Hhandir-.M wyn, ]iarish of l.lanfair-ar- 
 y-Bryn, Caruiarthenshire, Wales, September 17, 
 18:!1; attended the i)ublic .schools of his native 
 town, ami in March, 18."i(>, emifrrated to Australia, 
 arrivinj; at Melbourne in the latter part of ,June 
 after a voya>_'e of llKf days; returiu'd to Wales in 
 .\ujjnst. 181)1, and in Marcli, 18(>l', eniij,'rated to 
 Scranton, I'a. ; worked in the mines at Scrauton 
 until Seplend>er, 18t)."), when he moved to Wilkes- 
 barre; appointed to the position of mine superin- 
 tendent for the Leliit:h and Wilkesbarre Coal 
 Company, which position he held for fourteen 
 years; subsequently he Ica-sed a tract of coal land in 
 the vicinity of Wilkesbarre and orsranized a com- 
 pany known as the Ked .\sh Coal C'ompany; vice- 
 jiresident and treneral mauajrer of the com]iauy; 
 mendier of the school bnard, ami served as a mem- 
 ber of the city council for twelve years; alternate 
 delegate to the national Republican convention at 
 Chicago in 1884; elected to the senate of Pennsyl- 
 vania in 1.SS4; member of the World's Fair Com- 
 mission; elected to the Fifty-fifth Congress as a 
 Kepublican. 
 
 Williams, Nathan, was a native of Oneida 
 County, N. Y.; received a liberal education and 
 held several local offices in Oneida County; elected 
 a Representative from New York to the Ninth 
 Congre-ss; meudier of the State house of represent- 
 atives in 181S. 
 
 Williams, Beuel, was born at I lallowell, Me., 
 .luue 2. 17.s:!; received a liberal education; studied 
 law. and began practice at Augusta; meuil)er of 
 the State house of representatives 1822-1.82(1. and 
 tlie senate 1827-2S. ami again of tin' house 182!1- 
 18.'S2; elected a I'nited States Senator from Maine 
 as a Democrat (vice VI. Shepley, resigned) 18X7- 
 1843; manager of a railroa<l for twelve years; died 
 at Augusta, Me., July '2h, 1,8()2. 
 
 Williams, Ricliard, wasliornat Fiudlay, Ohio. 
 November, \b, 1.8:i(); moved to Oregon in 18.t1; 
 received a liberal education; studied law, and ad- 
 mitted to the bar in 1858; began practicing at 
 Portland; elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a 
 Republican. 
 
 Williams, Robert, was horn in Surry County, 
 N. C. .lulv 12, 177.!; received a liberal education; 
 studied law and ailmitted to practice; elected a 
 Representative from North Carolina to the Fifth, 
 Sixth, and Seventh Congresses; appointed land 
 eonimissioner for Mississippi in 1803; Territurial 
 governor of Mi.asi.ssippi 180">-180il; moved to Louis- 
 iana, where he died about 1820. 
 
 Williams, Sherrod, was a native of Kentucky; 
 received a liberal education; elected a Hepre.'^i-nta- 
 tive from Kentucky to the Twenty-fourth, Twenty- 
 fifth, aud Twenty-sixth Congresses as a Whig. 
 
 Williams, Thomas, was bnrn at Oreensburg. 
 Pa., .\ugust 28, 18UI>; grjiduated from Dickinson 
 College in 1828; studied and practiced law; serveil 
 several yeaix in iMjth bramhesuf the State legisla- 
 ture; elected a Kepre-^enlative from Peiinsvlvania 
 to the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth 
 Conre.s.ses a.s a Republican. 
 
 Williams, Thomas, of Wetumpka, .\la., was 
 iKirn in ( ireenville County, Va., .\ugust 11, 1825; 
 moved to Wetinnpka in i8;{5; received a liuiit(.H| 
 education; planter ami lawyer; member of the 
 legislature in 1878; elected to the Forty-sixth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat, representing the Fifth district 
 of Alabama; reelected to the Furty-seveuth and 
 Forty-eighth Congresses. 
 
 Williams, Thomas H.,was born in Virginia 
 about 17115; movi'd to Mississippi and located at 
 Pontotoc; served in the.'^tate legislature; aiijiointed 
 and afterwards elected a I'nited States Senator 
 from Mississippi asa Democrat (vice F. J. Trotter, 
 resigned!, serving from 1S38 to 1839. 
 
 Williams, Thomas Hill, was horn in North 
 Carolina about 17SII; received a liberal education; 
 studied law and practiced: register of the land office 
 for the Territory of Mississippi in 1.805; collector of 
 cu.stoiii at New Orleans; delegate to the State con- 
 stitutional convention; elected a Cnited States 
 Senator from Mi.ssissipiti asa Democrat 1817-I82Vt; 
 nioveil to Tenne.s.see, where he died, in Robertson 
 C'ounty about 1840. 
 
 Williams, Thomas Scott, was born at Weth- 
 erstield, Coim., .lunc 2(i, 1777; graduated from 
 YaleCollcge in 17114; stmlied law, and began prai- 
 tice at JIanslield; moved to Hartford in 18t)3; 
 served several terms in the State hou.<e of repre- 
 sentatives; electi-il a Representative from Connec- 
 ticut to the Fifteenth Congress; ai)poiuted in ].H21t 
 an a.s.-^ociate judge of the supreme court of errors 
 and of the superior court, and in 1.8:!4 appointed 
 chief justice, holding the position until 1847; 
 mayor of Hartford 1831-1835; died at Hartford, 
 Conn.. December 15, 18t)l. 
 
 Williams, Thomas W., was born at Stoning- 
 ton. Conn., September 28, 1789; received a liberal 
 education; moved to New l^)ndon aud engaged in 
 business; elected a Representative from Connecti- 
 cut to the Twenty-sixth aud Twenty-seventh 
 Congresses; I'residential elector on the Taylor 
 and Fillmore ticket in 1848. 
 
 Williams, William, wa.s born at Lebanon. 
 Coim., .\pril 18.17:!!; graduated from Harvard 
 University in 1751; I'elegale from Connecticut to 
 the Continental Congress 177i)-1778 and 1783-84; 
 died at Lebanon, Conn., August 2, 1811. 
 
 Williams, William, was born at Carlisle, Pa., 
 
 May 11, 1821; received a liberal education; stud- 
 ied law aud began practice in Indiana; treasurer 
 of Kosciusko Cotmly in 18.50; director of the 
 Michii;an Cilv Slate iirison in 18.50; served in the 
 I'nioii .\rmy; elected a Re|iresentative from Indi- 
 ana to the Fortieth, Forty-lirst, Forty-second, and 
 Fortv-third Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Williams. William, was born at Bolton, Conn., 
 Septeudier i>, 1S15; received a limiteil education: 
 engaged in banking; railroad manager and presi- 
 dent at Buffalo. N. v.; State representative 18tK;-<i7: 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Fortv-secoud Congress as a Democrat; defeated 
 fnr reelection. 
 
 Williams, William B., was burn at Pittsford, 
 N. Y.. July 28, 182(5; received a liberal etiucation; 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 887 
 
 studied law and practiced; moved to Allegan, 
 Mich., in 1855; elected judge uf probate in l85t> 
 and 1860; State senator 186tf and 1868; member of 
 the constitutional convention in 1867; elected a 
 Representative from :\Iichigan to the Forty-third 
 Congress as a Republican at a special election 
 held' in November, 1873, to fill a vacancy caused 
 by the death of W. D. Foster; reelected to the 
 Forty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Williams, William Elza, of Pittsfield, 111., 
 was born at Detroit, 111., May 5, 1857; educated 
 in the district school and at Illinois College, at 
 Jacksonville, III.; lived on a farm until he ar- 
 rived at age, when he commenced the stu<ly of 
 law and follovs'ed the legal profession; elected to 
 the office of State attorney in his native county of 
 Pike in 1886, for an unexpired term, and reelected 
 to a full term in 1888; elected to the Fifty-sixth 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Williamson, Hug-li, was born at AVest Not- 
 tingham, Pa.. December 5, 17.S5; graduated from 
 the University of Pennsylvania in 1757; studied 
 theology and licensed to preach in 1758, but on 
 account of ill health resigned in 1760; went to 
 Edinburgh and studied medicine; returned tu 
 Philadelphia and practiced until 1773, when he 
 returned to England; returned to America, and 
 was surgeon-general of the North Carolina troops; 
 member of the house of commons of North Caro- 
 lina in 1782; elected to the C^ontinental Congress 
 in 1784-85 and 1786; delegate to the convention 
 which framed the Federal Constitution in 1787; 
 elected a Representative to the First Congress as a 
 Federalist, and reelected to the Second Congress; 
 moved to New York, and died there May 22, 1819. 
 
 Williamson, William Durkee, was born at 
 Canterbury, Conn._, July 31, 1779; graduated from 
 Brown I'niversity in 1804; studied law, and began 
 practicing at Bangor, Me., in 1807; State attorney 
 for Hancock County 1808-1815; State senator 1816- 
 1820, mendjer of the first senate of ISIaine under 
 its constitution in 1820; acted as governor; elected 
 a Representative from Maine to the Seventeenth 
 Congress as a Democrat; judge of the i^robate 1K27- 
 1840'; liank commissioner 1838-1841; died at Ban- 
 gor, :Me., :May 27, 1846. 
 
 Willie, AsaH., was born at Washington, Ga., 
 October 11, 1829; received an academic education; 
 moved to Washington County, Te.x., in 1846; 
 studied law, and in 1848 admitted to the bar; 
 elected district attorney of the third judicial dis- 
 trict of Texas 1852-1854; served in the Confederate 
 army; elected a Representative from Texas to the 
 Forty-third Congress as a Democrat; died in 1899. 
 
 Willing, Thomas, was burn at Philadelphia 
 December 19, 1731; received a liberal education; 
 studied law at London, at the Temple, and returned 
 home, engaging in mercantile i)ursuits; mayor of 
 Philadelphia; judge of the supreme court; mem- 
 ber of the colonial house of representatives; Dele- 
 gate to the Continental Congress 1775-76; president 
 of the Bank of North America; died at Philadelphia 
 January 19. 1821. 
 
 Willis, Albert S., was born in Slielby County, 
 Ky., January 22, 1843; received his early education 
 in common schools and graduated from the Louis- 
 ville Male High School in I860; taught school for 
 four years; studied law and graduated from the Lou- 
 isville Law School in 1866; elected attorney for Jef- 
 erson County in 1874; elected a Representative 
 from Kentucky to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, 
 Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Con- 
 
 gresses as a Democrat; appointed minister to Hon- 
 olulu by President Cleveland, and died there 
 January 6, 1897. 
 
 Willis, Benjamin A., was born at Roslyn, 
 N. Y., March 24, 1840; graduated from Union Col- 
 lege in I86I; studied law and in I86I admitted to 
 the bar; entered the Union Army; captain and 
 subsequently became colonel of the Twelfth Regi- 
 ment of New York State Volunteers; elected a 
 Representative from New York to the Forty-fourth 
 and Forty-fifth Congresses as a Democrat; devoted 
 himself to law and the real estate business; died 
 at New York City October 15, 1886. 
 
 Willis, Francis, was born in Frederick County, 
 Va., January 5, 1725; received a lilieral education; 
 elected a Representative from (ieorgia to the Sec- 
 ond Congress; moveil t(3 Maury County, Tenn., 
 where he died January 25, 1829. 
 
 Willis, Jonathan Spencer, of Milford, Del., 
 was born at Oxfonl, Talbot County, Md., April 5, 
 1830; educated in the district schools and under 
 private tutors; taught school seven years, and then 
 entered the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal 
 Church; served charges in Marylani.1, Delaware, 
 Philadelphia, NewYork City, and Stamford, Conn. ; 
 retired from the ministry in 1884 and settled on a 
 farm near Milford, Del.; extensively engaged in 
 fruit growing; raised a Democrat, but separated 
 from that party during the war of the rebellion; 
 nominated for Congress by the Republican party 
 of Delaware in 1892, but failed of an election; re- 
 nominated in 1894, and elected to the Fifty-fourth 
 Congress as a Repuljlican. 
 
 Willits, Edwin, was born at Otto, Cattaraugus 
 County, N. Y., April 24, 1830; moved to ^Michigan 
 in September, 18.36; graduated from the Michigan 
 University in June, 1855; located at Monroe in 
 April, 1856; studied law, and admitted to the bar 
 in December, 1857, and practiced at ^lonroe; 
 elected prosecuting attornev for Monroe Countv 
 in 1860, and held the office till Decemlier 31, 1862; 
 elected a memljer of the State board of education 
 in 1860, and reelected in 1866, holding the position 
 twelve years; on the commission to revise the 
 constitution of the State in 1873; apiiointed post- 
 master of Monroe, January I, I.S63, by Abraham 
 Lincoln, and removed liy Andrew Johnson Octo- 
 ber 15, 1866; editor of the Monroe Commercial 
 1856-1861; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty- 
 se\-entli Congresses as a Repulilican; died in 1896. 
 
 Willoughby, Westel, was elected a Represent- 
 ative from New York to tlie I^ourteenth Congress, 
 after contesting the seat of William Smith, Demo- 
 crat, and took his seat December 3, 1815. 
 
 Wilmot, David, was born at Bethany, Pa., Jan- 
 uary 20, 1814; received a liljcral education; studied 
 law', and in 1834 began practicing at Towanda, 
 Pa.; elected a Representative from Pennsylvania 
 to the Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, and Thirty-first 
 Congresses; presiding judge of the thirteenth 
 judicial district 1853-1861 ; delegate to the national 
 Republican convention in 18.56; defeated for gov- 
 ernor of Pennsylvania on the Republican ticket in 
 1857; delegate to the national Republican conven- 
 tion at Chicago in 1860; elected a United States 
 Senator from Pennsylvania as a Republican (vice 
 S. Cameron, resigned ) , serving from 1861 to 1863 ; ap- 
 pointed judge of the tjnited States Court of Claims 
 in lsi>3: died at Towanda, Pa., March 16, 1868. 
 
 Wilshire, William W., was born September 
 8, 1830, in Gallatin County, 111. ; received a common 
 
888 
 
 CONURKSSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 pchool education; studied law, ami in 1859 bcpan I 
 pnu'ticinj;; enttTwl tlie l^iiion Army in lS(i2 as i 
 Tiiajor iif the One luni(ire<l ami twenty-sixtli 
 lllindif Infantry; after the war lueate<l at Little 
 IJcick, Ark.: re.-^mned the praetiee of law; ap- 
 pciinted in IWi" s(ilieitor-;;eneral (^f the State; ehief 
 jn.-tiee of the ."iiprenie court IStiS-l.sTl ; returned 
 to practice; elected a Representative Irnni Arkan- 
 sas to the Forty-third Conjrress as a l{epuhlican, 
 l)ut his seat was contested ayd (riven to his (>])po- 
 iient, T. M. (4unter, June Iti, 1874; reelected to 
 the Korty-fourth t'on^rress as a Conservative 
 
 Wilson, Alexander, was a native of Virginia; 
 received a hheral education; inendier of the State 
 leirislature; elected a Kepresentative from Virginia 
 to the Kighth, Ninth, and Tenth Congresses. 
 
 Wilson, Benjamin, of Wilsonburg, W. Va., 
 was born in Harrison County, Va. (now West 
 Virginia I, April 'M), \S-2'v. iiluiated at the North- 
 western Virginia Academy at Clarkslung; attended 
 law school at Staunton;' adnntted ti> the liar in 
 1S4S and jiractired; Commonwealth attorney for 
 Harrison County 1,S')2-1800; member of the State 
 constitutional convention of Virginia in 18(51; 
 Presidential elector on the Demoeratic ticket for 
 the .State at large in 18ti8; mcndier of the State 
 constitutional convention of West Virginia in 1871; 
 one of tlie delegates from the State at large to 
 the luitional Hemoiratic convention at Baltimore 
 in 1872; elected to the Korty-fonrth, Forty-fifth, 
 Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Wilson, Edgar, of IJoise City, Idaho, was born 
 in Armstripug County, I'a., February L'o, 181)1; 
 attended Michigan I'uiversity at Ann Arlxir for 
 three years, and graduated from the law depart- 
 ment of that institution in the class of 1884; went 
 to Idaho the same year and located at lioise City, 
 forming a law iiartnership with Fremont Wood; 
 elected city attorney of ISoise City in 1887 ami dis- 
 tri<-t attorney in 1888; served as member of the 
 constitutional convention wliich framed the State 
 constitution in 18!I0; elected to the F'ifty-fourth 
 Congress as a Repidjlican; elected to the F'ifty- 
 sixfh Congress as a Silver Kepublican, with Dem- 
 ocratic indorsement. 
 
 Wilson, Edg-ar C, was born at Morgantown, 
 Va. ; elected a Kejiresentative from Virginia to the 
 Twenty-third Congress as a Whig; died at Mor- 
 gantown, Va., in May, ISfiO. 
 
 Wilson, Ephraim K., of Snow Hill, Md., was 
 electetl a Kejiresentative from -Maryland to the 
 Twentieth and Twenty-tirst Congresses. 
 
 Wilson, Ephraim King, was born at Snow 
 Hill, Md., I)ecendi<-r L'L', 181'1; eiiucated at Ciuon 
 Aiademy, Snow Hill, and at Washington Aca<l- 
 emv, rrincess Anne, Md., and graduated from 
 Jefferson College, I'ennsylvauia, in 1841; studied 
 law and jiraeticed twenty years; mendjer of the 
 Maryland house of delegates in 1847; elector for 
 Pierce and King in 1852; a He] preventative in the 
 Forty-second Congress; judge of the lirst judicial 
 circuit of Maryland 1878-1,8,84; eh'cted to the 
 United States Senate as a Democrat to succeed 
 James H. tiroome, Democrat, and took his seat 
 March 4, 1885; died February 24, 1891, at Wash- 
 ington, D. C. 
 
 Wilson, Eugene M., was born in .Morgan 
 County, Va., December 25, 18;W; gradiuited from 
 Jefferson College in 1.8,52; studied law and admit- 
 ted to the bar; l>egan practicing at .Minneapolis, 
 Minn., in 1855; United States attorney for the 
 
 district of Minnesota 1857-1861; serveil in the 
 Uidon .\nny as captain; cU'cte<l a Kepre.-entative 
 from Minnesota to the Forty-lirst Congress as a 
 Democrat; died in Nassau, New I'rovidence, April 
 10, 18!IU. 
 
 Wilson, Frank E., M. D., of Brooklyn, N. Y., 
 was born in ls57, at Ko.xbury, Delawari' Countv, 
 .\. v.; elected to the F'ilty-sixth, Fifty-.-ieventfi, 
 and Fifty-eighth Congresses lU" a Democrat. 
 
 Wilson, Francis Henry, of Bnjoklyn, N. V., was 
 born in Westmorelaml. t Im-ida County, N, V.; 
 liveil first ten years at L'tica, N. V., and then moved 
 with his parents to the Westmorelaml farm, 
 where he attended the distrirt school for .-^veral 
 vcai>, and then prepared for college at Dr. Ben- 
 jamin W. Dwight's jireparatory .school, Clinton, 
 N.Y.; entered Vale College in bHilJ and graduated 
 in 1867; taught in a prejiaratory school for lol- 
 lege for four years and then took the law course 
 at the Columbia College Law School; Ugan the 
 practice of law in New York City; took a pronn- 
 neut jjart in the organization of tlie Union League 
 Club of Brooklyn, of which organization he was 
 president for four successivf years; electeil to the 
 Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses as a Ke.pul)- 
 lican; resigned .'^eiitember 150, lis97, to accept the 
 liostmasteiship of lirooklyn, N. Y. 
 
 Wilson, George W., of London, Ohio, was 
 
 liorn at Brighton. Clark County, (thio, February 
 22, 1840; besides attending common sihool, was 
 three years a student at .\ntioch College, Yellow 
 Sjirings, Ohio; enlisted in the Ninety-fourth Kegi- 
 meiit Oliio Volunteer Infantry .\ugust 8, 1.S()2; eoni- 
 missioned second and afterwards lii-st lieutenant in 
 the same regiment; received a comnds-'ion from 
 the President as tii-st lieutenant in the First Regi- 
 ment of United States \eteran Volunteer ICngi- 
 neers,,lnly 2, l.st>4, and afterwards ajipointed cap- 
 tain in same reginuMit; nuistered out about Octo- 
 ber 1, 18ti5; admitted to the bar .\ugust 7, 18t)t>, 
 and jiracticed; in Octolier following electeil (iro.-H'- 
 cuting attorney of Madison t'ounty. Ohio, for two 
 years, and reelected a second term; elected mem- 
 Iyer of liouse of re])resentatives of the general as- 
 sembly of Ohio in ()ctol>er, 1871; electeil member 
 of Ohio senate from the eleventh ilistrict in Octo- 
 ber, 1877; elected to the Fifty-third and Fifty- 
 fourth Congres.ses as a Republican; resumed the 
 |iractice of law at l^jndon, Ohio, after leaving 
 Congress. 
 
 Wilson, Henry, was born in Dauphin County, 
 Pa., in 1778; elected a Representative from Penn- 
 ,sylvania to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Con- 
 gresses; died at Allentown, Pa., August 1,3, 1826. 
 
 Wilson, Henry, was born at Farnnngton,N. H., 
 February Hi. 1812; his jiarents' name was Colluilh, 
 and his name was .leremiah Jones Colbalh until 
 he was 17 vears of age, when he had it changed 
 by the legislature to Henry Wilson: received an 
 academic education; learned the shoemaker's 
 trade: mendier of the Mas.--achusetts State Iiou.^e 
 of ivpresentatives 1841—42; member of the State 
 .-enate 1844, 1845, 1846, 1850, 1851, and 1,8.52, and 
 liresident of the senate two years; delegate to 
 the national AVhig convention at Philadelphia in 
 1848 and withdrew; delegate to tln> Free .'^oil 
 national convention at Pittsburg in 1851, and its 
 president; defeated in 1852 as the Free.'^oil eandi- 
 date for Congres-'; delegate to the constitutional 
 convention of IXrt'.i; ilefeated as the Free Soil ean- 
 didate for goveriuir; electe«l a United States Sen- 
 ator from Mas.«achu.<elts by a coalition of Free 
 Soilers, Americans, and Democrats, and three 
 
BIOGRAPHIES 
 
 889 
 
 times reelected, gervinj; from 1S55 until he re- 
 signed in 1873; in 1861 he raised, andconimanded, 
 for a time, tlie Twenty-second Regiment Mas- 
 sachusetts Volunteers; elected Vice-President of 
 the United States in 1872; died in the Capitol at 
 Washington, D. C, November 22, 1875; author of 
 several i^ublications relating to slavery. 
 
 Wilson, Isaac, served in the war of 1812 as 
 captain at cavalry; resided in Genesee County, 
 N. Y.; member of the State house of represent- 
 atives 1816-17, and the State senate 1818-1821; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Eighteenth Congress, serving from December 1, 
 1823, to January 17, 1824, his seat having been 
 successfully contested bv Parmenio Adams; moved 
 to Batavia," 111., where he died October 25, 1848. 
 
 Wilson, James, was born near St. Andrews, 
 Scotland, September 14, 1742; received a classical 
 education; emigrated to the United States and 
 located at Philadelphia; studied law, and admitted 
 to the bar in 1768; practiced in varitms places in 
 Pennsylvania and located at Philadelphia; active 
 in pre-Revolutionary movements; Delegate from 
 Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress 177.5- 
 1778, 1782-83, and 178.5-1787; delegate from 
 Pennsylvania to the convention which framed 
 the Federal Constitution, also a delegate to the 
 State convention which adopted it; justice of the 
 United States Supreme Court; appointed professor 
 of law in the Universitv of Pennsvlvania in 1790; 
 died at Eilent..n, X. C," August 28', 1798. 
 
 Wilson, James, was born in 1757; graduated 
 from Harvard College in 1789; studied law and 
 admitted to the bar; began practice at Keene, 
 N. H. ; elected a Representative from New Hamp- 
 shire to the Eleventh Congress as a Federalist; 
 died at Keene, N. H., Jamiary 4, 1839. 
 
 Wilson, James, was liorn at Fairfield, Pa., 
 April 28, 1779; attended the public schools; cabi- 
 netmaker; justice of the peace 1811-1822; elected 
 a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 Eighteenth Congress as a Democrat; reelected to 
 the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses; again 
 a justice of the peace 18.30-1859; died at Gettys- 
 burg, Pa., July 19, 1868. 
 
 Wilson, Jam.es, was born in New Hampshire; 
 graduated from Middleluiry College in 1820; 
 studied law and l>egan practice at Keene; served 
 several terms in the State house of representatives, 
 and speaker in 1828; elected a Representative from 
 New Hampshire to tlie Thirtieth Congress as a 
 Whig; reelected to the Thirty-first Congress and 
 resigned September 9, 18.50; moved to California. 
 
 Wilson, James, \\as born at Crawfordsville, 
 Ind.. April 9, ls22; graduated from Wabash Col- 
 lege in 1842; studied law and in 1845 began prac- 
 tice at Crawfordsville; served in the ^lexican war; 
 electe<l a Representative from Indiana to the 
 Thirty-fifth Congress as a Repul>lican, reelected to 
 the Thirtv-sixth Congress; minister to Venezuela 
 1866 until' he died, August 8, 1867. 
 
 Wilson, James, of Traer, Tama County, Iowa, 
 was born in .Ayrshire, Scotland, August 16, 1835; 
 came to the United States in 1852, .settling in Con- 
 necticut with his parents; went to Iowa in 1855, 
 locating in Tama County, where, as early as 1861, 
 he engaged in farming; elected to the State legis- 
 lature, and served in the fwelfth, thirteenth, and 
 fourteenth general assemblies, being sjieaker of 
 the house in the last-mentioned assenjlily ; elected 
 to Congress in 1872, and served in the Forty-third, 
 Forty-fourth, and Forty-eighth Congresses; his I 
 
 seat was succeg,sfully contested in the Forty-eighth 
 Congress by Benjamin T. Frederick, who took hi.s 
 seat March 3, 1885; in the interim lietween the 
 Forty-fourth and Forty-eighth Congresses served 
 as a member of the railway connnission; regent 
 of the State University 1870-1874, and for the six 
 years previous to becoming Secretary of Agriculture 
 was director of the agricultural experiment station 
 and professor of agriculture in the Iowa Agricul- 
 tural College at Ames; app(.iinted and confirmed 
 Secretary of Agriculture March 5, 1897. 
 
 Wilson, James F. , was born at Newark, Ohio, 
 October 19, 1828; received an academic education; 
 studied law, and commenced practice in Iowa; 
 member of the constitutional convention of Iowa 
 in 1856; member of the State legislature in 1857, 
 18.59, and 1861, serving the last year as president 
 of the senate; elected a Representative from Iowa 
 to the Thirty-seventh Congress for the unexpired 
 term of S. R. Curtis; reelected to the Thirty-eighth, 
 Thirty-ninth, ami Fortieth Congresses^- serving 
 from December 2, 1861, to March 3, 1869; elected 
 to the United States Senate as a Republican to 
 succeed James Wilson ]McI)ill, Republican, and 
 took his seat December 4, 1883; reelected in 1888, 
 serving until March 3, 1895; died April 22, 1895. ' 
 
 Wilson, James J., was born in Essex Countv, 
 N. J.,in 1775; received a lilieral education; engaged 
 in newspaper work; adjutant-general of the State 
 of New Jersey; elected a United States Senator 
 from New Jersey as a Democrat 1815-1821; post- 
 master at Trenton, N. J. ; member of the State 
 house of representatives in 1822; died at Trenton 
 N. J., July 28, 1824. 
 
 Wilson, Jeremiah M., was born in Warren 
 County, (Jhio, Novemlier 25, 1828; received a lil> 
 , eral education; studieil law and practiced; moved 
 to Indiana; judge of the court of conunon pleas 
 1860-1865; judge of the circuit court in October, 
 1865; elected a Representative from Indiana to the 
 Forty-second Congress a.s a Republican; reelected 
 to the Forty-third Congress; after leaving Congress 
 practiced law at AVashington, D. C, where he died 
 September 24, 1901. 
 
 Wilson, John, was liorn in 1777; graduateil 
 from Harvard College in 1799; studied law and 
 began practice at Belfast, :\Ie. : elected a Represent- 
 ative from the Maine district of ]\Ias.sachusetts to 
 the Thirteenth Congress as a Federalist; elected 
 to the Fifteenth Congress; died at Belfast, Me. 
 July 9, 1848. 
 
 Wilson, John, was a native of South Carolina 
 and resided at Golden Grove; elected a Represent- 
 ative from South Carolina to the Seventeenth, 
 Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Congresses; defeated 
 for reelection. 
 
 Wilson, John F., of Prescott, Ariz., was born 
 in Giles County, Tenn., May 7, 1846; educated at 
 Rhuhama, Ala.; lawyer liy profession; moved 
 from Alabama to Arkansas in 1866; member of 
 the legislature of that State during the years 1877 
 and 1878; elected ]3rosecuting attorney for the 
 fourth judicial district of that State in"l884, and 
 served in 1885 and 1886; moved in 1887 to the 
 Territory of Arizona; elected to the coixstitutional 
 convention called by the legislature for the year 
 1891; appointed attorney-general for the Terri'tory 
 by Governor Franklin iii 1896, anil served in 1896 
 and 1897; elected to the Fifty-sixth Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Wilson, John Henry, of Barboursville, Kv., 
 was born January 30, 1846; graduated from Tiis- 
 
bV»0 
 
 COHUKKStilU^' AL DIKKCTUKV . 
 
 culnm College, Tennessee, June, 1870; studied law 
 ami adiiiitlt'ci tn the liar in Se|itenilier, 1.S71; 
 eli-i-teil til the State senate in Ansjusl, ISS.i, f<ir a 
 term iif fimr years, and eleetiil tu tlie Kit'ty-tirst 
 Congress as a Republican : reelected to the Fifty- 
 second Congress. 
 
 Wilson, John L., of .Spokane Kalis, Wash., 
 was liorn at Crawfordsville, Ind., August 7, IS.")0; 
 received a primary education in the common 
 schools; graduated from Wabash College in 1874; 
 studied law; elected a representative to the 8tiite 
 legislature of Indiana in ISSO fnini Montgoniei\v 
 County; appointed liy I'resident Arthur receiverof 
 publii- moneys at Spokane Falls, anil serveil four 
 years and four months; elected to the Fifty-first 
 Congre.-is as a Kepublican, licing the first member 
 of Congress elected from the State of U'ashington; 
 reelected to the Fifty-second and I'lfty-third Con- 
 gre.sses; resigned to W-come I'nited States Senator 
 Feliruary IS, 1895, serving until .March 3, 1899. 
 
 Wilson, John T., was born in Highland 
 County, Ohio, .\pril Iti, 1811; receiveil a limited 
 education; merchant; became a farmer; captain 
 in the I'niou Army; State senator 18ti;3-18Wi; 
 elected a Kepresentative from Ohio to the Fortieth 
 Congress as a Kepublican; reelected to the Forty- 
 first and Forty-second Congresses. 
 
 Wilson, Nathan, was a native of Washington 
 County. N. V., and resided at Salem; elected a 
 Kepre.sentutivc from New York to the Tenth Con- 
 gress ( vice David Thomas, resigned), serving from 
 Noveujlx-r 7, 1808, to March 3, 1809. 
 
 Wilson, Robert, of St. Joseph, Mo., was ap- 
 pointed a Cnited States Senator from Missouri 
 (vice W. 1'. Johnson, expelled) as a Unionist 
 18(iL'-(i.i. 
 
 Wilson. Robert P. C, of Platte City, Mo., was 
 born at Hoonville. Cooper County, Mo.; when a 
 small boy was taken liy his parents to I'latte 
 County; educated at William Jewell College. Lib- 
 erty, -Mo., and at Centre College, Hanville, Ky.. 
 from which latter institution he graduated; read 
 law; locatedat Seguin, Tex. .where he began prac- 
 tice; remained in Texas a few vears and returned 
 North; located in Leavenwortli, Kans., in bSljO; 
 one of the Democratic members of the house of 
 representatives from Leavenworth County in the 
 first general assemlily of that State; during that 
 year returned to Missouri; elected amember from 
 Platte County to the twenty-sixth general a.s.sem- 
 bly, and made speaker of the house; elector for 
 (Jreeley and Brown in 1872, but on the death of 
 (ireeley cast his vote lor Hendricks, of Indiana; 
 State senator from the third district 1870-1.880: 
 delegate to the Democratic national convetition at 
 St. Louis in 1888; president of the school buard 
 of his town, and elected, as a Democrat, to fill 
 the vacancy caused by the tleath of lion. James 
 N. Burnes, to the Fifty-first Congre.ss; reelected to 
 the Fifty-second Cougres.s. 
 
 Wilson, Stanyarne, of Spartanburg, S. C, was 
 born at Yorkville, S. C. ; educated at Kings Moun- 
 tain Military .Schoiil and Washington and Lee I'ni- 
 versity, \'irginia: admitted tothe bar by act of the 
 legislature in 1880, he then iH'inga minor; localcd 
 at .Spartanburg in 1.H81; clusely adhered to the 
 jiractice of law and, incidentally, to politics; also 
 interest»'d in cotton manufactures, gold mining, 
 iron works, and agriculture; elected to the lower 
 hou.se of the Stale legislature in 18H4 and 1890, 
 and to the State senate in 1892, .serving in the lat- 
 ter bo<.ly as chairman of the judiciary committee; 
 
 nominated for Congress at the Democratic priniarv 
 election in August, 1S94; elected to the Fifty- 
 fourth, Fifty-fifth, and Fifty-sixth Congresses as'a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Wilson, Stephen F. , was horn in Columbia, 
 I'a . Sejitember 4, 1821; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; studied law and admitted to the bar; held 
 several local ofiices; State senator 1.8()3- ISO"), serv- 
 ing one .session after he had been elected a Kepre- 
 sentative to Congress; delegate to the national 
 Kepublican convention at Baltimore in 1.H64; 
 elected a Kepresentative from Penn.sylvania to the 
 Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses. 
 
 Wilson, Thomas, was a native of Virginia; 
 member of the State house of representatives; 
 elected a Kepresentative from Virginia to the 
 Twelfth Congress as a Federalist; died Januarv 
 
 24, bS.Sli. 
 
 Wilson, Thomas, was born in 1772; elected a 
 Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thir- 
 teenth Congress as a Democrat, and reelected to 
 the Fonrteenth Congress; died at Erie, Pa., 
 October 4, 1824. 
 
 Wilson, Thomas, of Winona, Minn., wa.s born 
 in Ireland, May 16, 1827; received a common 
 school and collegiate education, graduating from 
 Allegheny College, Pennsylvania, in 18.12; studied 
 law, and adndtted to the bar in February, 18-i.t; 
 moved to Wimma in April, 18.V); elected district 
 judge in 1.8.")7, and held theotfice until IKtU, when 
 appointed by the governor a.s.sociate justice of the 
 supreme court of the State; elected chief justice of 
 the State in 18<)4.and held fheofiice till July,lS69, 
 when he resigned; fnUowed the jiractice of law; 
 elected a member of the State house of represent- 
 atives in 1.S80; declined the nomination for Con- 
 gress from the First Congressional district in 1882; 
 State senator lSS2-188o: Democratic nominee for 
 I'nited States Senator the following winter; elected 
 to the Fiftieth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Wilson, William, was a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Fourteentli and Fifteenth 
 Congresses. 
 
 Wilson, William, was born in Hillsboro 
 County, X. II.: attended the public schools; 
 moved to Ohio; elected a Representative from 
 Ohio to the Fighteeiith and Xineteenth Con- 
 gresses; died at Newark. Ohio, May 29, 1S27. 
 
 Wilson, William Ii., was Ijorn in Jeffersi n 
 County, Va. (now West Virginia), MayS, 184.S; i d- 
 ucaterl at Charlestown Academy, and at Columbian 
 (Jollege, l)istrict of Colmnbia. where he graduated 
 in 18(i0, and at the Universilv of Virginia; servi d 
 in the Confederate army; after the close of the 
 war, for several years profes.-ior in Columbian 
 College, during which time he graduatiil from its 
 law school, and on the overthrow of the lawyers' 
 test oath in West \'irginia resigned and entered 
 upon the practice of law at Charlestown; delegate 
 in 1.8.80 to the national Democratic convention at 
 Cincinnati, and an elector for the State at large on 
 the Hancock ticket; chosen president of the West 
 N'irglnia rniversily, and entered upmi the olfice 
 September 4. 1882. but on September 20 was 
 nominated for a seat in the Forty-eighth Congress, 
 and elected, as a Democrat; resigned the jiresi- 
 dency of the Stale I'niversity with the beginning 
 of his Congressional term; receiveil the degre<" <il 
 LL. D. from the Columbian I'niversity in 18.83; 
 reelecte<l to the Fortv-ninth. Fiftieth, Fifty-first, 
 Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses; Post- 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 891 
 
 mai5ter-General under President Cleveland 1895- 
 1897; president of the Washington and Lee 
 University at Lexington, Va. ; died at Lexington, 
 Va., October 17, 1900. 
 
 Winans, Edwin B., was born at Avon, N. Y., 
 May 16, 1826; educated at Albion C!ollege, Michi- 
 gan; farmer liy occupation; member of the Mich- 
 igan legislature 1861-1865; elected a delegate to 
 the constitutional convention held at Lansing, May 
 15, 1867; probate judge (if Livingston County 
 1876-1880; elected to the Forty-eighth Congress 
 as a Democrat; reelected to the Forty-ninth Con- 
 gress; at the expiration of his term in Congress 
 retired to his farm in Livingston County, Mich.; 
 elected governor of Michigan as a Democrat in 
 1890; returned to his farm in 1S93, and died there 
 July 4, 1894. 
 
 "Winans, James January, was born at Mays- 
 ville, Ky., Jmie 7, 1818; received a limited educa- 
 tion; studied law, and began practicing at Xenia, 
 Ohio; held several local offices; State senator in 
 1857, and representative in 1863; appointed judge 
 of the court of connnon pleas in 1864 ami elected 
 for a full term of five years in 1866; elected a 
 Representative from Ohio to the Forty-lirst Con- 
 gress as a Republican. 
 
 Winans, John, was Ijorn at Vernon, Sussex 
 County, N. J., September 27, 1831; studied law 
 and admitted to the bar; alderman of the city of 
 JanesvilleinlS61; cityattorneytiveterms, between 
 1865 and 1 875 ; mem ber of the State legislature from 
 the city of Janesville in 1874 and 1882; delegate 
 from Wisconsin to the Democratic national conven- 
 tion held at Chicago in 1864; member of Governor 
 Taylor's staff 1874-75 with the rank of colonel; 
 elected to the Forty-eighth Congress as an Inde- 
 pendent Democrat; moved to South Dakota, where 
 he died. 
 
 Winchester, Boyd, was born iu Louisiana, 
 September 23, 18."6; received a classical education; 
 studied law, and liegan practice at Louisville, Ky.; 
 elected a State senator in August, 1867; elected a 
 Representative from Kentucky to the Forty-first 
 and Forty-second Congresses. 
 
 Windom, William, was born in Belmont 
 County, <_)hiii, May 10, 1827; received an academic 
 education; studied law at Mount Vernon, Ohio; 
 practiced his profession in that State and in Min- 
 nesota until 18.59; elected prosecuting attorney for 
 Knox County in 1852; moved to JNIinnesota in 1855; 
 Repre.sentati vein the Thirty-sixth, Thirty-seventh, 
 Thirty-eighth, Thirty-nin'tli, and Fortieth Con- 
 gresses; appointed liy the governor of ^Minnesota 
 in July, 1870, to fill the unexpired term of Hon. 
 Daniel S. Xorton, deceased, in tlie Senate of the 
 United States; subsequently elected as a Repul> 
 lican, and reelected in 1877; resigned March 4, 1881, 
 having been appointed Secretary of the Treasury 
 by President Garfield, and reelected to till the va- 
 cancy caused by his resignation, taking his seat 
 December 5, 1881, and served to IMarch 3, 1883; 
 moved to New York City; Secretary of Treasury 
 from :March 5, 1889, until his death, at New York 
 City January 29, 1891. 
 
 Winfield, Charles H., was born at Crawford, 
 N. Y.. April 22, 1822; received a liberal education; 
 studied law, and began ])ractice at Goshen, N. Y.; 
 district attorney for Orange County 1850-1856; 
 elected a Representative from New York to the 
 Thirty-eighth Congress as a Democrat; reelected 
 to the Thirt>-ninth Congress. 
 
 Win^, Austin E., was bom in Hampshire 
 
 County, Mass., in 1791; received a common school 
 education; moved to Michigan; elected a Delegate 
 from Michigan Territory to the Nineteenth and 
 Twentieth Congresses; moved to Monroe, Mich.; 
 elected to the Twenty-second Congress; after Mich- 
 igan was admitted as a State, served as Unite<l 
 States marshal for that district; died at Cleveland, 
 Ohio, August 25, 1849. 
 
 Wing'ate, Joseph F., was born in Maine dis- 
 trict of Massachusetts; received a limited educa- 
 tion; became a merchant at Bath, Me.; member 
 of the State house of re|)resentatives 1818-19; col- 
 lector of customs at the port of Bath 1820-1824; 
 elected a Representative from Elaine to the Twen- 
 tieth Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the 
 Twenty-first Congress. 
 
 Wingate, Paine, wasbornat Amesbury, Mass., 
 :May 14, 1739; graduated from Harvard College iu 
 1759; studied theology and preached; moved to 
 Stratham, N. H., and became a farmer; elected t(j 
 the State house of representati\-es; Delegate from 
 New Hampshire to the Continental Congress 1787- 
 88; elected a Lfnited States Senator from New 
 Hampshire 1789-1793; elected n Representative 
 from New Hampshire to the Third Conirress; judge 
 of the superior court of New Hampshire 1798-1809; 
 died at Stratham, N. H., March 7, 1838. 
 
 Winn, Thomas Elisha, of Gwinnett County, 
 Ga., was born in Clarke County, that State, jNIay 
 21, 1839; bred to the farm and pursuits of husban- 
 ilry ; received an academic eilur'ati(jn in the schools 
 about his home and at P^niory and Henry College, 
 ^'irginia, where he finished his course of "studies in 
 1860; read law, and admitted to practice in the 
 courts of Georgia; elected solicitor of the county 
 court of Milton County; entered the Confederate 
 army as first lieutenant in 1861; soon promoted to 
 captain, afterwards major, and finally lieutenant- 
 colonel. Twenty-fourth Georgia Regiment, serving 
 with Lee's army until the surrender; began farm*- 
 ing in 1868; county school commissioner of public 
 schools of Ciwinnett County from 1876 to August 
 16, 1890, when he resigned the office; elected to 
 the Fifty-second Congress as an Alliance man and 
 Democrat. 
 
 Winslow, Warren, was born at Favetteville, 
 N.^ C, January 1, 1810; graduated from Chapel 
 Hill University in 1827; studied law-, and began 
 practice at Fayetteville; served in the State senate 
 and as speaker of that body, and became acting 
 governor when Governor Reid was elected to the 
 United States Senate; elected a Representative from 
 North Carolina to the Thirty-fourth Congress as a 
 Democrat; reelected to tlieT'hirtv-fifth and Thirty- 
 sixth Congresses; died at Fayetteville, N. C, June 
 11, 1863. 
 
 Winston, Joseph, was born in Louisa County, 
 Va., June 17, 1746; moved to Stokes County, N. C, 
 in 1766; served iu the Revolutionary ArmV; State 
 senator in 1790, 1791, 1802, 1807, ami 18] 2;' elected 
 a Representative from North Carolina to the Third 
 Congress; elected to the Eighth ami Ninth Con- 
 gresses; died near Germantown, N. C, April "1 
 1815. 
 
 Winter, Elisha J. , was elected a Representa- 
 tive from New York to tlie Thirteenth Congress 
 as a Federalist. 
 
 Winthrop, Robert Charles, was born at Bos- 
 ton, Mass., May 12, 1809; graduated from Harvard 
 College in 1828; studied law, and practiced at Bos- 
 
892 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTURY. 
 
 ton; member nf the Ptnte houpp of roprpsentativcH, 
 and its spciikiT I'm- thrre yran*; clcclcil a Kepri'- 
 Bt-ntiitivo from Miissiuliusctts ti) tlu' Twenty-sixth 
 CuMfiress (vice Ahliott Lawrence, res(j.'iU'il) as a 
 AVliig; eleeteil to the Twentv-seventh l'oni;ress, 
 and resijrneii May 25, l,S4vi; siil)se(|iiently rei'lected 
 tn the Twenty-eijrlith, Twenty-iiintli, Thirtieth, 
 aiidTliirty-lirst Congresses, resif;iiinj;.lnly MO, l.HTiO, 
 havinf» been ap|)ointe<l a I'nited States Senator from 
 ^hlssiu■llnsetts (vice Daniel \Vel)ster, resij;ne<l), 
 eervini; to Fehrnary 7, \Sr>l\ Speaker of the House 
 dnrinn the Thirtieth aiul a portion of the Tliirty- 
 tirbt Cou^iresses; dieil at Uoston Xoveiuber 10, 1894. 
 
 Wise, George D., of Richmond, Va., was horn 
 in Accomac Comity, ^■a., June 4, IX'M\ j;ra<luated 
 from Iniliana I'niversitv; studied hiw at William 
 and .Ahirv t'ollejie, at Wdlianishurji, \'a.,and pnic- 
 ticeil at Kiclnnond; captain in the Confederate 
 Army; Commonwcaltlialtorney of thecity of Hich- 
 inonilfrom l.'^TO until heresif.'ned, in ISSd; elcctccl 
 to the Fortv-seventh, Korty-ei^'hth, Korly-ninth, 
 Fiftieth, Fit'ty-lirst, Fifty-secuud, and Fifty-third 
 Congresses as a l>cmocrat. 
 
 Wise, Henry Alexander, \va,« horn at Pruni- 
 mondtown, Va.. December H, 1S()(>; graduated from 
 Washington Colli'ire, I'ennsylvania, in ISi'i; studied 
 law, and Ijegan practice at Nashville, Tenn. ; re- 
 turned to Virginia in IS.SO; held several local offices; 
 elected a Representative from ^■irginia to the 
 Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth C^ ingres.«es as a 
 Jackson Democrat; reelected to the Twenty-fifth, 
 Twenty-sixth, and Twenty-seventh Congresses as 
 a Whig; n^elected to the Twenty-eii.'hth Congress 
 lus a Tyler Democrat, resigning Kclirnary IS, 1844, 
 to lieconie minister to Brazil IS44-1S47; I'resiilen- 
 tial elector on the Cass and lUitler ticket in 1848; 
 delegate to the State constitutional convention in 
 IS.iO; Presidential elector on the I'ierce and King 
 ticket in 18.52; governor of Virginia lS.'i(>-18t)0; 
 served in the Confe<lerate army; resumed the |)rac- 
 tice of law at Richmond, Va., and died there Sei>- 
 tember 12, 1876. 
 
 Wise, John Sergeant, of Richmond, Va., was 
 born at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Ilecember 2.5, 1846; 
 educateij at the Virginia Military Institute and 
 University of Virginia; studii'd law; lawyer; lieu- 
 tenant in the provisional army. Confederate States; 
 United States attorney for eastern district of Vir- 
 ginia from May, 1882, until March, 1883, when he 
 resigned to accept the jiosition of Congressman at 
 large from Virginia to the Forty-ciglith Congress, 
 to which he was electeil as a Readjuster. 
 
 Wise, Morgan R. , of Waynesburg, Pa., was 
 born June 7, 18;t(l, at West Bethlehem, Washing- 
 ton County, Pa.; his father, Joseph Wise, brought 
 him upas a practical farmer; cro&sed the Plains in 
 a company of 28 men, under Capt. (ieorge W. 
 Reed, and engaged in minim.' gold in theTerritory 
 of California in 18.50: while there volunteered, 
 under .Major Stanunins, to ilefend the miners 
 against the dej>redatioris of the Imlians; returning 
 to Pennsylvania, graduated from Waynesburg Col- 
 lege in 18.56; elected a member of the State house of 
 representatives in 1874 and reelecteil in 1876, serv- 
 ing four yejirs; one of a corporation organized in 
 I'hiladelphia, com]>osiil of .some of the ablest men 
 in the State, which issued the (Treenback Herald 
 in ls7o; electe<l to the Forty-si.xth Congress its an 
 anti-Bank Democrat; reelected to the Forty-sev- 
 enth Congress. 
 
 Wise, Richard Alsop, son of Gen. Henry A. 
 Wise, was born at Philadeli)hia. September 2, 
 1843; educated in private scuools in Richmond 
 
 and at Dr. (lo.osner Ilanrisnn's Pnivprdty Sohool; 
 also studied at William and Mary College for two 
 ycai-s, which place he left iM-foiv grailuation to 
 join the Confederate army at the commencement 
 of the war, and served to the enci, part of the 
 time as a private in Stuart's cavalry; at the 
 close of the war was assistant inspector-general of 
 Wise's hriga<le. Army of Northern Virginia; grad- 
 uated in medicine from the Meilical College of Vir- 
 ginia ill 1867, and i)ractice<l his profession; ap- 
 pointed ])rofessor of chemistry and physiology m 
 1869 in the College of Williaiii and Mary, which 
 conferred the honorary degn-e of master of arts 
 upon him; appointed a.-^istaiit physician of the 
 Ea.stern I^unatic .\sylum of Virginia in 1878; two 
 years after that resigne<l from the lollege: cap- 
 tain of the Wise Light Infantry of Williamsburg, 
 and as senior otlicer comniandeil the Koiirlh Vir- 
 ginia Infantry Regiment at the centennial at York- 
 town in issl; elected suiieriiitendent of the Ka.st- 
 erii Lunatic .\sylum in 18.S2, and serveil until the 
 spring of 1SS4; elected as a Republican to the Vir- 
 ginia legislature in I8,s.5, and served during the 
 sessionsof 1885, 1886, and 1.S87: electeil clerk of the 
 circuit and county courts of the city of Williams- 
 burg and county of James City in 1887, which 
 place he held for six years; Republican nominee 
 for the Fifty-fifth Congress in the Second district 
 in 1896; the certificate wt.s given to his Democratic 
 opponent, William A. Young, but after a i-ontest 
 was declared elect<'d, and took the oath of office 
 on the 26tli day of A|)ril, ISilS; reelected to the 
 Fifty-sixth Congress, Imt the certificate of election 
 wasgiven to William A. Young; after a contest, Mr. 
 Wise was seated Ajiril 26, 1900; died December 
 21, 1900. 
 
 Wisner, Henry, was born at Goshen, N. Y., 
 about 1 72.5; a i lelegate from New York to the Con- 
 tinental Congress 1774-1776; diedatGosheu,N. Y., 
 in 1790. 
 
 Witcher, John S.. was born in Cabell County, 
 Va. I now West Virginia I, July 15, 18.'{9; received 
 a limited education; held several local otiices; 
 entered the I'nion Army as second lieutenant and 
 mustered out June 30. 1865, with the rank of 
 brigadier-general; member of the State legislature 
 in 1865; ."ecretarv of the State of West Virginia 
 bH66-1869; elected a Representative from West 
 Virginia ti > the Forty-lirst Congress as a Republican; 
 defeated for reelection. 
 
 Witherell, James, was bom at Mansficd, Ma.es., 
 June 16, 17.59; receive<l a liberal education; serve<i 
 in the Revoluntary Army; studied and practice*! 
 law; State repre.-'entative 1798-1803; executive 
 councilor 1.S03-1807; elected a Representative from 
 Vermont to the Tenth Congress as a Democrat, 
 resigning May 1, 1808, having been ap|iointe<l 
 United States judge for the Territorv of Michigan; 
 died at Detroit, Mich., January 9, 1838. 
 
 Withers, Robert E., of Wytheville, Va., was 
 born in Campbell (_'ounty, \'a., SeptemU-r 18, 
 1821; graduateil from the medical department of 
 the I'niversity of Virginia in 1841; practiced his 
 profession in his native county until 1S.5S, when 
 he moved to Danville, Va. ; Wliig in politics, and 
 a Fnion man until the piu»*!iige i>f the onlinance 
 of secession by \irgiiia; entere<l the Confederate 
 army as major of infantry in .\pril, 1861, and dur- 
 ing the ."ame year promoted colonel of the F.ight- 
 eenth Virginia Regiment, which he commanded 
 until retire<l in con.sei|Uence of numerous disabling 
 woiinils, an<l appointed to command the post at 
 Danville, Va., which position he hehl until the 
 close of the war; moved in January, Ibtiti, lo 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 893 
 
 Lynchburg, Va., and established a daily political 
 paper, devoted to the interests of the Conservative 
 jjarty, wliioh he continued to edit until 1868, when 
 nominated for governor by the Conservative con- 
 vention at Richmond, and canvassed the State in 
 opposition to the Underwood constitution, which 
 the military authorities refused to submit to a vote 
 of the people; withdrew in 1869 in favor of (jilbert 
 C. Walker; nominated for governor by the Liberal 
 Repul:)licans; appointed ^elector for the State at 
 large on tlie Greeley 'ticket in 1872; elected 
 lieutenant-governor as a Conservative in 1873; 
 elected to the United States Senate as a Conserva- 
 tive, to succeed John F. Lewis, Republican, and 
 took his seat March 4, 1875; appointed consul at 
 Hongkong, China, in 1885; resigned in 1889 and 
 returned to Virginia. 
 
 Witherspoon, Jolin, was born at Gifford, Scot- 
 land, Februarys, 1722; graduated from the Uni- 
 versity of Edinburgh in 1742; studied theology 
 and preached ; emigrated to America and became 
 president of Princeton College in 1768; Delegate 
 from New Jersey to the Continental Congress 
 1776-1783; died near Princeton, X. J., September 
 15, 1794. 
 
 Witherspoon, Robert, was elected a Repre- 
 sentative from South C'arolina to the Eleventh 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Witte, William Henry, was born in Morris 
 County, N. J., May 7, 1818; moved to Bucks 
 County, Pa., and received a common school edu- 
 cation; moved toPhiladelphiainl840and became 
 a merchant; elected a Representative from Penn- 
 sylvania to the Thirty-third Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; engaged in newspaper work, and died at 
 Philadelphia November 24, 1876. 
 
 Wolcott, Edward Oliver, of Denver, Colo. , was 
 born at Long ileadow, JIass., March 26, 1848; 
 served for a few months as private in the One 
 hundred and fiftieth Regiment of Ohio Volunteers 
 in 1864; entered Yale College in 1866, lint clid not 
 graduate; graduated from Harvard Law Scliool in 
 1871, and moved to Colorado; lawyer; elected 
 district attorney and a member of the State senate 
 in the same year; elected to tlie United States 
 Senate as a Republican to succeed Thomas 31. 
 Bowen, Republican, and took his seat March 4, 
 1889; reelected in 1895, serving until March 3, 
 1901 ; resumed the iiractice of law in Colorado. 
 
 Wolcott, Erastus, was born at East Windsor, 
 Conn., September 21, 1722; served in the Revolu- 
 tionary Army as brigadier-general; judge of the 
 State supi'eme court of Connecticut ; Delegate from 
 Connecticut to the Continental Congress, but did 
 not serve; died at East Windsor, Conn. , September 
 14, 1793. 
 
 Wolcott, Oliver, was born at AVindsor, Conn., 
 November 26, 1726; graduated from Yale College 
 in 1747; studied medicine; held .several local 
 offices; studied law and practiced; judge of the 
 courtof common pleasand of the Litchiield County 
 probate court; Delegate from Connecticut to the 
 Continental Congress 177.5-1778 and 17.SU-1784; 
 governor of Connecticut 1796-97; died at Litch- 
 field, Conn., December 1, 1797. 
 
 Wolf, George, was born in Allen Township, 
 Northampton County, Pa., August 12, 1777; re- 
 ceived a liberal education; studied law, and ad- 
 mitted to the bar and practiced at Easton, Pa.; 
 memlier of the State house of representatives; 
 elected a Rejiresentative from Pennsylvania to the 
 
 Eighteenth Congress (vice Thomas T. Rogers, re- 
 signed) asa Democrat; reelected to the Nineteenth 
 and Twentieth Congresses; appointed FirstComp- 
 troller of the Treasury of the United States 1836- 
 1838; collector of customs at Philadelphia in 1838 
 and until March 17, 1840, when he died. 
 
 Wolf, William P. , was born in Stark Count}-, 
 Ohio, December 1, 1833; received a limited educa- 
 tion; studied law and began practice at Tipton, 
 Iowa, in 1859; superintendent of public schools; 
 State legislator 1863-64; served in the Union Army 
 as captain; appointed assistant assessor of internal 
 revenue in 1865; member of the State senate in 
 1867; elected a Representative from Iowa to the 
 Forty-tirst Congress (vice William Smyth, de- 
 ceased), serving from December 6, 1870, to March 
 3, 1871. 
 
 Wolfe, Simeon K. , was born in Floyd County, 
 Ind., February 14, 1824; graduated from the law 
 department of the L'niversity of Indiana, at 
 Bloomington, in 1850; practiced; Presidential 
 elector in 1856; State senator for four years; dele- 
 gate to the Democratic national convention in 
 1860; engaged in newspaper work; elected a 
 Representative from Indiana to the Forty-third 
 Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Wolford, Frank L. , was born in Adair County, 
 Ky., September 2, 1817; educated in the common 
 schools; Ijy profession a lawyer; served in the 
 house of representatives in the general assembly 
 of Kentucky in the years 1847, 1848, 1865, and 
 1866; elected Presidential elector for the State at 
 large in 1864 and 1868; colonel of the First Ken- 
 tucky Cavalry 1861-1864; adjutant-general of the 
 State of Kentucky 1867-68; electerl to the Forty- 
 eighth Congress as a Democrat; reelected to the 
 Forty-ninth Congress; died at Columbia, Ky., 
 August 2, 1895. 
 
 Wolverton, Simon P., of Sunbury, Pa., was 
 born January 28, 1837, in Rush Township, North- 
 umberland County, Pa.; educated in the common 
 schools, at Danville Academy, and graduated from 
 Lewisburg University in 1860; after graduating 
 took charge of Sunbury Academy and also read law ; 
 admitted to the bar in 1862 and practiced his pro- 
 fession at Sunbury; raised a company of emergency 
 men, of which he was made captain in 1862, and 
 .served in the Eighteenth Regiment of Pennsylvania 
 Volunteers; chosen captain of Company F, Thirty- 
 sixth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers in June, 
 1863; elected to the State senate in 1878 ami re- 
 elected in 1880 and 1884, when he declined further 
 nomination to that office; nominated for United 
 States Senator by the Democrats of both houses in 
 1884; elected to the Fift)'-second Congress as a 
 Democrat; reelected to the Fifty-third Congress; 
 resumed the practice of law after the expiration of 
 his term in Congress.- 
 
 Wood, Abiel, was born at Wiscasset, in the Maine 
 districtof Massachusetts, in 1772; education limited; 
 merchant; State representative 1807-1811; elected 
 a Representative from Maine district of Massachu- 
 setts to the Thirteenth Cijngre.ss as a Federalist; 
 again a State representative in 1816; delegate to 
 the constitutional convention of Maine in 1819; 
 State councilor of Maine 1820-21; died at Belfast, 
 Me., November 2, 1834. 
 
 Wood, Alan, was born at Philadelphia, July 
 6, 1834; receiveii a liberal education ; manufacturer; 
 became a banker; elected a Representative from 
 Pennsylvania to the Forty-fourth Congress as a 
 Republican. 
 
894 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIKECTORY. 
 
 Wood, AtnosE., was born at Kllisburtr, X. Y., 
 in ISIO; I'clncatioii liniitvil; inoviMl to Ohio, anil 
 in lKi:i locatt'il (111 a farm in Samliisky County; 
 State rt'prefJt'ntative (i>r two yoars; .<tate senator 
 one vi'ar; elected a Ke|iresentative from Ohio t<i 
 tlie Tliirty-lii-st t'on^rrecs (viee K. I>iekin»in, ile- 
 ceaseil) as a Democrat; ilied November ISI, 18.50, 
 at Fort Wayne, Iml., iH'fore tlie expiration of liis 
 term. 
 
 Wood, Benjamin, of Xew York City, was born 
 at Slielbyville, Ky.. Oitober l.S, 1820; "received a 
 |inbUc sciiool eibicalioii; pioved to tlie city of New 
 York; piibhslie<l and i-dited the Iiaily News; mem- 
 l)er of tlie folate senate in bStKiaml 18(17; eK'cte<l 
 to the Thirty-seventh C'ontiress and reelected to 
 the Thirty-eighth Conj.'ress; elected to the Korty- 
 seventh Confrres^ as a Democrat; died in li)00. 
 
 Wood, Benson, of Eftinjiham, III., wa.'s born in 
 .Su.sijnebanna Connty, I'a., in 18,'W; received a 
 common school and academic education; at the 
 ajie of 20 went to Illinois, and for two years was 
 principal of a villajie school in Jx-e County ; Illinois 
 soldier in the war of the rebellion, attaining the 
 rank of captain of infantry; graduate of the law 
 department of the I'niversity of Chicago; engageil 
 in the iiractice of law: delegate to the Republican 
 national conviutioiis in IsTlJaml 188S; mayor of 
 the city of KlHngham and rei)ri\sentalive in the 
 general a.sseiiil)ly of Illinois; elected to the Fifty- 
 fourth Congress on the Republican ticket; after 
 his retirement from Congress resumed the practice 
 of law. 
 
 Wood, Bradford K.., was liorn at Westport, 
 Conn., Septemlier liU, 1800; graduated from Union 
 College in 1824; studieil law, and liegan jiractice 
 at -Vlbanv, N. Y.; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Twent v-ninth Congress; minister 
 to Denmark 18Gl-18t)5; died at Albany, N. Y., 
 September 2t), 1889. 
 
 Wood, Fernando, was liorn of liuaker parent- 
 age at the citv of I'hilaiielphia, June 14, 1812; his 
 father moved to New York in 1820, where Mr. 
 Wooil afterwards resi<led; when 10 years of age 
 conmienced business as a shi^lping merchant, re- 
 tiring with an ample fortune m 18.")0; three times 
 elected mayor of New York, serving in that otiice 
 during theyears 185,i, 18o(), 18.i7, 18(;i, and 18(12; 
 elected to the Twenty-seventh, Thirty-eighth, 
 Fortieth, Forty-lirst, Forty-secoml, Forty-third, 
 Forty-fourth, Forty-lifth, and Forty-sixth Con- 
 gre.s.ses as a Tammany Democrat; reelected to the 
 Forty-seventh Congress, but dii'd before taking 
 his seat, at Hot Springs, .Vrk., February 1.'?, 1881. 
 
 Wood, John, was born at I'hiladel]iliia, I'a., in 
 181(1; received a liiiiiteil education; merchant; 
 liecaini' an iron manufacturer; elected a Represen- 
 tative from I'ennsylvania to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
 gress as a Republican. 
 
 Wood, John J., was born in Rocklaml County, 
 N. Y.; elected a Representative from Xew York 
 to the Twentieth Congress as a Jackson Democrat. 
 
 Wood, John M. , was Imrn at Minisink, X.Y., 
 
 Xovember 17, 181.;; rei-eiveil a liberal education; 
 contractor; State representative; eleitcd a Repre- 
 Pcntative from Maine to the Thirlyfonrlh Coii- 
 gre.ss as a Rcimbliian; reele<-ted to Thirty-lifth 
 Congress; clied at Hoston, Miiss., December 24, 
 
 ism. 
 
 Wood, Joseph, w;is iHjrn in I'ennsylvania; a 
 Deleg5ite from (ieorgia to the Continental Con- 
 gre.ss 1777-1770; died at Sunbury, (.ia., in 1789. I 
 
 Wood, Silas, wasbnrninSuffolkConntv, N. Y., 
 in 17110; received a clit-sical education, and in 1789 
 gradnateil from Princeton College; studied law 
 and began pnu'tice at Huntington; elected a Rep- 
 resentative from Xew York to the Sixteenth, Sev- 
 enteenth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, an<l Twentieth 
 C<>ngre.s,ses as a Democrat; died at Iluntiiiu'ton, 
 N. Y., March 2, 1847. 
 
 Wood, Thomas J., of Crown Point, Inrt., was 
 born in .\lhcns Coiintv, Ohio, September :«», 1844; 
 raised on a farm: tauglit school two yeaoi; studieil 
 law at Terre Haute, Ind.; gra<luated from the 
 law depaitment of Michigan Univei-sity in 18(17; 
 locatcdat Clown Point, Ind., November, 18i;7. and 
 practicc<l there in all the courts. State and Fed- 
 eral; elected corporation treasurer in 187(t. and re- 
 elected; elected prosecuting attorney; reelected in 
 1874; elected to the State .senate in 1878 for four 
 years; elected to tlie Forty-eighth Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Wood, Walter A., was bom at Mason, X. H., 
 October 2:!, 181.i; received a common school educa- 
 tion; moved to New York ami Ijecamean inventor 
 and manufacturer of reajiers, mowers, and binilers; 
 never held iinblict>lli(e until elected a Representa- 
 tive from Sew York to the Forty-sixth Congress 
 as a Re]iublican; reelected to the Forty-seventh 
 Ciiiigress; after exjiiration of Ids term in Congress, 
 returned to Hoosick Falls, N. Y., where he died 
 January 15, 1802. 
 
 Woodard, Fred A., of Wilson, X. C, was 
 born in Wilson County, X. C, February 12, 1854; 
 read law at the law school of Chief Justice Bell 
 I'earson; licensed in 187:!, and resided in Wilson, 
 X. C.,and ]>iacticed his profession; vice-president 
 of the First Xational Hank of Wilson; elected to 
 the Fifty-third Congress as a Democrat ; reelected 
 to the Fifty-fourth Congress. 
 
 Woodbridge, Frederick E., was born at Yer- 
 genius, \t., .Vugiist 20, I81i); gradnateil from the 
 University of Vermont in 1840; studied law and 
 practiced; State representative 1840, 18.">7. ami 
 1858; held several local otlices; State auditor 18.50- 
 1852; ])rosecuting attorney 1.8.54-1858; engaged in 
 railroading; .State .senator 18tH) and 18(11; a Repre- 
 sentative from Vermont to the Thirty-eighth, 
 Thirty-ninth, and Fortieth Congies.ses asa Repub- 
 lican; died at Vergenncs, Vt., April 2ti, 18.8,8. 
 
 Woodbridge, William, was born at Xorwich, 
 Conn., .\ugiLst 20, 17.80; re<'eiveil a limited educa- 
 tion: moved to Ohio, but in a few veal's returned 
 to Connecticut and studied law at Litchlield; ad- 
 mitted to practice in 1.80(1; State representative in 
 1.807; pro.sec'utingattorney for Xew LondonCounty 
 1,80,8-1814; State senator 1.80,8-1814; moved to De- 
 troit, Mich., having bivn ap|>ointcd secretary of 
 Michigan Territory: electeit a Delegate froin.Miih- 
 igan Territory to the Sixteenth Congress, serving 
 from December, 1810, to 1.820, when he resigne<I; 
 judge of the superior court of Michigan Territory 
 182,8-18:{2; delegate to the State constitutional 
 convention in 18:?5: State senator in 18,'}7: gov- 
 ernor of Michigan 1.840—11: a United States Sen- 
 ator from Michigan 1841-1S47; died at Detroit, 
 Mich., OctolKT 20. 18(11. 
 
 Woodburn, William, of Virginia City. Xev., 
 was born in the County Wieklow, Ireland, in 1.8.'i8; 
 emigrated to this country in 1840: edmated at St. 
 Charlis College, Stateof Maryland: ailmitted to the 
 bar in 18(Ki; district attorney of Storey County, 
 Nev., in 1871 and 1872; elected a Representative 
 from Nevada to the Forty-fourth, Forty-uinth, and 
 Fiftieth Congresses as a Reimblican. 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 895 
 
 Woodbury, I.evi, was born at Francistown, 
 N. H., December 22, 1789; graduated from Dart- 
 mouth Collejie in 1809; studie<l law and began 
 practice at Francistown; appointed judge of the 
 superior court of New Hampshire in 181(5; moved 
 to Portsmouth; governor of New Hampshire 1823- 
 24; State representative 1825 and speaker; aUnited 
 States Senator as a Democrat 1825-1831 ; State sena- 
 tor 1831, but declined; Secretary of the Navy 1831, 
 and in 1834 transferred to the Treasury Department, 
 serving until 1841; appointed chief justice of the 
 superior court of New Hampshire, liut declined; 
 again a member of the United States Senate 
 1841-1845; resigned, having lieen appointed a 
 justice of the Supreme Court of the United States 
 (vice Joseph Story, deceased), serving until he 
 died at Portsmouth, N. H., September 4, 1851. 
 
 Woodcock, David, was a native of Berkshire 
 County, ilass. ; attendeil tlie juil ilic schools; moved 
 to Seneca County and later to Tomjikins County, 
 N. Y.; member of the State house of representa- 
 tives 1814-15; elected a Eepresentati\e from New 
 York to the Seventeenth Congress as a Democrat; 
 again a member of the State house of representa- 
 tives in 1826; elected a Representative to the 
 Twentieth Congress. 
 
 Woodford, Stewart Ii., was born in New York 
 City September 3, 1835; graduated from Columbia 
 College in 1854; studied law, and began practice 
 in New York City; assistant attorney for the 
 United States at New York City in 18(51; served 
 in the Union Army; lieutenant-colonel of the (_)ne 
 hundred and twenty-seventh New York Volun- 
 teers and later colonel, and brigadier-general; 
 first Union military commander of Charleston, 
 S. C, and of Savannah, (ia. ; lieutenant-governor 
 of New York in 1866; president of the electoral 
 college in 1872; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Fort\'-third Congress as a Re- 
 publican, but resigned July 1, 1874, having been 
 appointed United States attorney for the southern 
 district of New York. 
 
 Woodman, Charles W., of Chicago, 111., was 
 born in Aalborg, Denmark, March 11, 1844; re- 
 ceived his early education in the schools of his 
 native country; followed the sea 1860-1863; 
 arrived in Philadelphia in 1863 and enlisted in the 
 Gulf Scjuadron of the U. S. Navy; went to Chi- 
 cago in 1865; read law, and graduated from the 
 law department of Chicago University in 1871; 
 appointed prosecuting attorney of the lower courts 
 in 1877; appointed justice of the peace by the 
 judges of Cook County in 1881 ; admitted tojiractice 
 in the Supreme Court of the I'nited States in 1883; 
 elected to the Fifty-fourth Congressasa Republican. 
 
 Woodruff, George C, was born at Litchfield, 
 Conn., December 1, 1805; graduated from Yale 
 College in 1825; studied law, and liegan practice 
 at Litchfield; postma.ster at Litchfielil for fourteen 
 years; State representative; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Connecticut to tlie Thirty-seventh Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; defeated for the Thirty-eighth 
 Congress. 
 
 Woodruff, John, was born at Hartford, Conn., 
 February 12, 1826; received a limited education; 
 elected a Representative from Connecticut to the 
 Thirty-fourth Congress as an American; reelected 
 to the Thirty-sixth Congress; collector of internal 
 revenue for the second district of Connecticut; 
 died at New Haven, Conn., May 20, 1868. 
 
 Woodruff, Thomas M., was elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New York to the Twenty-ninth 
 Congress. 
 
 Woods, Henry, was a native of Pennsylvania; 
 received a limited education; took an active part 
 in pre-Revolutionary affairs; elected a Representa- 
 tive from Pennsylvania to the Sixth and Seventh 
 Congresses. 
 
 Woods, John, was born in Dauphin County, 
 Pa., in 1774; moved with his parents to Ohio, 
 where he attended the connnon schools; studiecl 
 law, and began practice at Hamilton, Ohio; elected 
 a Representative from Ohio to the Nineteenth and 
 Twentieth Congresses; engaged in newspaper 
 work; elected State auditor; died at Hamilton, 
 Ohio, July 30, 1855. 
 
 Woods, Samuel Davis, of Stockton, San Joa- 
 quin County, Cal., was born at ]Mount Pleasant, 
 Maury County, Tenn., on September 19, 1845; 
 reached California in February, 1850; eilucated in 
 the public schools, and admitted to practice in 
 the supreme court of California in April, 1875; 
 actively engaged in the practice of his profession 
 in the city of Stockton and in the city and county 
 of San Francisco; elected to the Fifty-sixth Con- 
 gress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation 
 of Clarion De Vries; reelected to the Fifty-seventh 
 Congress. 
 
 Woods, William, was born in Washington 
 County, N. Y., in 1790; received a limited educa- 
 tiiin; studied law and practiced; State represent- 
 ative 1823-1825; elected a Representative from 
 New York to the Eighteenth Congress; died at 
 Bath, N. Y., August 7, 1837. 
 
 Woodson, Samuel H., of Lexington, Ky., was 
 elected a Representative from Kentucky to the 
 Seventeenth Congress; defeated for reelection. 
 
 Woodson, Samuel H. , was born in Jessamine 
 County, Ky., October 24, 1815; graduated from 
 Centre College; studied law, and practiceil at In- 
 dependence, Mo.; State representative 1853-54; 
 delegate to the State constitutional convention in 
 1855; elected a Representative from Missouri to 
 the Thirty-tif th Congress as an American ; reelected 
 to the Thirty -sixth Congress. 
 
 Woodward, George W. , was born at Bethany, 
 Pa., ilarch 26, 1809; received a liberal education; 
 studied law, and began practicing at Wilkesbarre, 
 Pa. ; delegate to the State constitutional conven- 
 tion in 1837; president-judge of the fourth judicial 
 district 1841-1851 ; judge of the supreme court of 
 Pennsylvania 1852-1867; defeated as a Democrat 
 for governor in 1863; elected a Representative 
 from Pennsylvania to the Fortieth Congress as a 
 Democrat, vice Charles Denison, deceased; re- 
 elected to the Forty-first Congress; delegate to the 
 national Democratic convention at New York in 
 1868; delegate to the State constitutional conven- 
 tion; died at Rome, Italy, May 10, 1875. 
 
 Woodward, Gilbert M., of La Crosse, Wis., 
 was bcirn at Washington, !>. C, Decemlier 25,1835; 
 received a common school education; studied law; 
 admitted to the bar and practiced; served in the 
 Union Army during the war of the rebelliona little 
 overthree years, and in that time was pri\'ate, first 
 sergeant, second lieutenant, first lieutenant, adju- 
 tant of the Second Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry; 
 served, by detail, as acting aid-de-camp on the 
 staff of the First Brigade, First Divisi(m, First 
 .\rmy Corps, and in the same capacity on th.e staff 
 of the First Division, Fifth Army Corjis; district 
 attorney of La Crosse County 1866-1873; mayor of 
 the city ol La Crosse 1874 and 1875; citv attorney of 
 thecityofLaCrosse 187(5-1882; electedtothe Forty- 
 eighth Congress as a Democrat; defeated for the 
 
89fi 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY. 
 
 Forty-tiintli (Viiigri'ss; rcsiimeil thi'pnu'tiroof law; 
 Dfiniunitic iiiiKliilsiti" I'nr jfuvcrimr nf Wiccoiisin 
 in 1SS() ami liotcatetl; ili-U-jratc t<> tlie national 
 DiMuocratic convention at St. l^)iiis in 1SS8. 
 
 Woodward, Joseph A., was a native i)f South 
 Carolina; rci-eivi'il a liniitt'il i-duoation; ek'cti'il a 
 Ropnwn tat ivt> from Sor.tli Carolina to the Twenty- 
 eiKlitli, Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, Thirty-lirst, ami 
 Tliirty-seciinil ( "onsresses. 
 
 Woodward, William, waa elected a Represent- 
 ative from South Carolina to the Fourteenth Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Woodworth, James H., was horn at Ureen- 
 lielil, N. v., Decemlier 4, 1S(H; receiveil a liniiteil 
 e>lucation; moved to I'ahiug, X. Y., and taujiht 
 school; hecanie a niorchant; moved to Krie, I'a., 
 in 1.S27; moved to Chicas" in 183:5; meuiherof the 
 Illinois State senate in ls:>!1, and Stale house of 
 representatives 1S42; two years mayor of Chi<'a!;o; 
 elected a Kepre.sentalive from Illinois to the Thirty- 
 fourth Coniire.ss as a liepuUlican. 
 
 Woodworth, Laurin D., was born in Wind- 
 ham County, Ohio, September 10, IS.'>7; received 
 a classical cilucation; stmlied law, and in 1S.')9 ad- 
 mitted to the bar; practiced at Younnstown, Ohio; 
 major in th.e Union Army; State senator ISti" ami 
 IStiii; elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
 Foity-third and torty-fourth Congressea a.s a 
 Repul)lican. 
 
 Woodworth, William W. , wa.s a native of 
 Connecticut; moved t(j liydcl'ark, X. Y.; received 
 a limited education; held several local offices; 
 elected a Uei)re.-'entative from Xew York to the 
 Twenty-ninth Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Woomer, Ephraim M. , of Lebanon, Pa., was 
 born at .louestowii, l,elianon County, I'a., .Tauuary 
 14, 1S44; received a common school education; 
 enlisted in Comiiany .\, Ninety-third Uegimeut 
 Pennsylvania Volunteers, in Septend)er, l.SGI; pro- 
 moted' to sergeant; woundecl twice at Salem 
 Heights, and lost his left leg in tlie battle of thi' 
 Wililerness, May 5, IStU; discharged from hospital 
 Septend)er!t, IStVS; taught school tmtil ISdil, when 
 elected clerk of the orphan's court of I^banou 
 County for a term of three years; cashier of the 
 People.s' Bank, of ]>ebanon; mondier of the coun- 
 cils of the borough of Lebanon ISHS-lSS.'i; presi- 
 dent of select councils of the city of Lebanon 
 188,5-1889; delegate to the Republican national 
 convention of 1888; elected t^ tlie Kifty-third Con- 
 gress a.s a Republican; reelected tothe rifty-fourlh 
 Congress. 
 
 Wooten, Dudley Goodall. of Pallas. Tex., was 
 born in (ireeiie County, Mo.; moved to Te.\as in 
 early infancy during the civil war; educated in 
 ]>rivate schools at Paris and at Princeton I'niver- 
 gity, taking the degrees of \. H. and A. >L, and 
 the Uoudinot Historical rdlowshij) at the latter; 
 afterwards fellow at ,Iohns Hopkms I'liiversity. 
 Baltimore, and took the law course at the I'ni- 
 versityof Virginia, where he received the highest 
 lionors of the institution in debate ami literary 
 Composition; admitted to the bar and iiracticed 
 law at Austin, where he was prosecuting attorney; 
 inoveil to Pallas in 1."<.H8; Presiilential elector at 
 large on the Pemocr.itic ticket in 1S92, and can- 
 vasseil in the Northwi'sl and Middle West mider 
 the auspices of the Pemocratic national commit ti'c 
 in the campaigns of 181C', 18!lii, and I'HIO; elected 
 to the legislature of Texif in 1S98; delegate tothe 
 Chicago trust conference in l.Sil9; delegate to the 
 Natioual Ci>'ic Fetleration at Buffalo in 1901 ; 
 
 authorof .\ Complete History of Texas for Schools, 
 Colleges, and ( ieneral I'se, and editor of Compre- 
 hensive History of Texas; one of the founilersaml 
 second j)resident of the Texas State Historical 
 As.sociation ; electecl to the Fifty-seventh Congre.-« 
 !US a Pemoi rat at a special election lieM .lulv l.'{, 
 1901, to succeed H. K. Burke, deceasi-d. 
 
 Worcester, Samuel T., wa-s V)orn at Mollis, 
 X. II., .Vugust :J(), 1S04; gi-aduate<l from Candjridge 
 University in 18:{0; studied law, ami began prai- 
 tice at Xorwalk, Ohio; member of the State senate 
 184.S— 19; judge of the court of common jileas 
 18.i9-t50; elected a Representative from ( )hio to the 
 Thirty-.«eventh Congress as a Republican. 
 
 Word, Thomas J., was a native of Surry 
 County, X. ('.; member of the State hoii.se of rep- 
 re.seutatives in l.HliL'; moved to Mi.-isissippi ancl 
 located at Pontotoc; elected a Representative from 
 Mi.ssi.i.sippi to the Twenty-lifth Congress as a Whig. 
 
 Worman, Ludwig, wsis a native of Bucks 
 County, Pa.; received a limite<i education; tan- 
 ner; elected a Representative from Pennsylvania 
 to the Seventeenth Congress, serving from I )ecem- 
 ber .;. ISL'l. to .S'pteudier I'l. IS'.'L', when he died. 
 
 Wortendyke, Jacob R. , was born at Chestnut 
 Ridge, X. ,L, Xovember 27, 1818; graduated from 
 Rutgers College in 1839; taught for ten years; 
 studied law anil began practice at .Jersey City; 
 helil several local otiices; elect»>il a Repre.-ientative 
 from Xew Jersey to the Thirty-tifth Congress as a 
 Democrat; died at Jersev Citv, X. .1., Xovember 
 
 7, 18li8. 
 
 Worthington, Henry G., was born at Cumljer- 
 
 land, Md., February 9, 1828; received a liberal 
 education; studied law and began practice in Tuo- 
 lumne County, Cal.; located at San Francisco, 
 Cal.; mend)er of the State hou.-ie of representa- 
 tives in 18t)l ; moved to Xevada in l.Sii2 anil locate<l 
 at .Vustin; elected a Delegate to the Thirty-eighth 
 Congress from Xevaiia, serving from Decendier 7, 
 18(>:j, to December 21, 1864, when he took his seat 
 a.sa Representative from the new .State of Xevaila, 
 serving to March .S, 18ti.'i; minister to Uruguay and 
 the .\rgentiue Ki-public. I.st)8-»i9, by appointment 
 of President .lohuson; bearer at President Lincoln's 
 funeral. 
 
 Worthington, John T. H. , was a native of 
 Marylau'l: nrcixeil a limited education; electeda 
 Represenlativi' from Marylanil to the Twenty- 
 second Congress as a Democrat; defeate<l for the 
 Twcntv-third and Twenty-fourth Congre.-vses; 
 elected to the Twenty fifth and Twenty-sixth 
 Congresses; dieil iu Baltimore Countv, Md., April 
 27, 1S49. 
 
 Worthing-ton, Nicholas Ellsworth, of Peoria, 
 III., was born in Brooke County, W. Va., March 
 ;!0, 18ot); gniduated from Allegheny College, Penn- 
 svlvania; lawver by profes-sion; county superin- 
 tendent of schools of Peoria Comity 1S(VS-1S72; 
 member of the State board of education of Illinois 
 l.8t)9-1872: electecl to the i'orty-cighth Congress as 
 a Di'moc rat; reelected tothe Forty-ninth Congivsa. 
 
 Worthington, Thomas, was Inirn in Jefferson 
 County, Va., ,luly Hi, 1773; received a liberal edu- 
 cation; moved to Ro.>is County, Ohio, in 1798; dele- 
 gjlte to the State convention in 1S03; elected a 
 United States Senator from Ohio as a Democrat, 
 serving from Octolnr 17, 1803, t.i March 3, IS07; 
 again elected (vii-e R. J. Meigs, resigneill, serving 
 from Januarv 8. 1811 to I8|4, when he resignol; 
 governor of Ohio 1814 1818; die<l at Xew York 
 Citv June 20, 1827, 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 897 
 
 Worthington, Thomas C, was a native of 
 Prince (-ieorjje diuntv, ^lii. ; received a liniitec) 
 education; elected a Representative from Mary- 
 land to tlie Nineteenth Congress; died at Frederick, 
 Md., June 19, 1827. 
 
 Wren, Thomas, was a native of MoArthurs- 
 town, Ohio: received a limited education; studied 
 law and admitted to the bar; held several local 
 offices; resident of El Dorado County, Cal., 1,S55- 
 1857; city attorney of Austin, Nev., 1874-187(5; 
 member of the State legislature in 1875; elected to 
 the Forty-tifth Congress as a Kepublican. 
 
 Wright, Augustus R., was born at Wrights- 
 boro, Ga., June 16, 1813; received a liberal educa- 
 tion; studied law, and began practice at Rome, 
 Ga. ; elected circuit judge in 1842 and reelected, 
 but resigned; elected a Representative from (Tcor- 
 gia to the Thirty-fifth Congress as a Democrat; 
 served as a member of the Confederate Congress. 
 
 Wright, Ashley Bascom, was born at Hins- 
 dale, Berkshire County, Mass., May 25, 1841; re- 
 ceived his education in the public schools and 
 Lincoln Academy, at Hinsdale; moved to Xorth 
 Adams in 1801, at which time he was appointed 
 i-hief deputy collector of internal revenue for the 
 tenth district of ^lassachusetts; resigned in 1865 
 and engaged in mercantile business; elected se- 
 lectman; elected county commissioner for the 
 county of Berkshire in 1884, serving for three 
 years, chairman one year; elected to the exec- 
 utive council of Massachusetts in 1890; reelected 
 in 1891; served on committees on pardons, finance, 
 military, and charitable institutions; elected to the 
 Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, and Fifty-fifth Congresses 
 as a Republican; died August 14, 1897. 
 
 ■ Wright, Charles Frederick, of Susquehanna, 
 Susquehanna County, Pa., was born in Forest Lake 
 Township, Susquehanna County, Pa., ]\Iay 3, 1856; 
 spent his time on a farm and in attending school 
 until 1870; attended the Montrose Academy, grad- 
 uating in 1874; elected teller of the First National 
 Bank of Montrose, Pa., in 1875; resigned in 188] 
 to take charge of other interests; elected assistant 
 cashier of the First National Bank of Susquehanna 
 Depot in 1882, and on the death of his brother in 
 1894 promoted to be cashier; delegate to the St. 
 Louis Republican convention in 1896; elected to 
 the Fifty-si.xth, Fifty-seventh, and Fifty-eighth 
 Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 Wright, Daniel B., was a native of Tenne,«see; 
 moved to Salem, iliss. ; elected a Representative 
 from ^Iississi]>pi to the Tliirty-third Congress as 
 a Democrat; reelected to the Thirt\--fourtli 
 Congress. 
 
 Wright, Edwin B. V., was born at Hoboken, 
 N. J., January 2, 1812; received a lilieral educa- 
 tion; printer; engaged in the newspaper work in 
 1835; studied law, and liegan iiractice at Hoboken 
 in 1835; State senator in 1843; district attorney 
 for Hudson County 1851-1855; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New Jersey to the Thirtv-ninth 
 Congress as a Democrat; died at Jersey City, N. J., 
 January 19, 1876. 
 
 Wright, George G. , was born at Bloomington, 
 Ind., March 24, 1820; graduated from the State 
 University at Bloomington; studied law, and in 
 1840 moved to Iowa, where he began practice; 
 held several local offices; State senator 1849, and 
 served two terms; chosen chief justice of the su- 
 preme court in 1854, and elected to the same bench 
 in 1860 and 1865; elected a United States Sena- 
 tor from Iowa as a Republican vice James B. 
 
 H. Doc. 458 57 
 
 Howell, Republican; elected to fill a vacancy 
 caused by the resignation of J. W. Grimes, and 
 served from 1871 to 1877; died in 1896. 
 
 Wright, George W. , was born at Concord, 
 Mass. ; received a public school education; merchant 
 at Boston; engaged in newspaper work: moved to 
 California in 1849; elected a Representative from 
 California to the Thirty-first Congress and served 
 from September 11, 1850, to ^larch 3, 1851. 
 
 Wright, Hendrick B. , v\-as born at Plymouth, 
 Luzerne County, Pa., April 24, 1808; received his 
 primary education at the Wilkesbarre grammar 
 school; graduated from Dickinson College in 
 1829; studied law; admitted to the bar in Novem- 
 ber, 1831, and commenced practice; appointed 
 district attorney for Luzerne County in 1834 by 
 Attorney-General Geoi'ge M. Dallas; member of 
 the State house of representatives 1841-1843, 
 serving the last year as siieaker; a delegate at 
 large to the national Democratic convention at 
 Baltimore in 1844, which nominated Polk and 
 Dallas, serving as temporary and permanent 
 chairman; delegate to the subsequent national 
 Democratic conventions which nominated 
 Cass, Pierce, Buchanan, Douglas, Sevmour, and 
 Tilden; elected to the Thirty-third and Thirty- 
 seventh Congresses; author of A Practical Treatise 
 on Labor, published in 1871, and Historical 
 Sketches of Plymouth, Pa., publisherl in 1873; 
 elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, and reelected 
 to the Forty-sixth Congress as a Democrat and Na- 
 tional; diedat Wilkesbarre, Pa., September 2, 1881. 
 
 Wright, John C. , was born at "Wethersfield, 
 Conn., iu 1783; received a liberal education; 
 printer; studied law, and began practice at Steu- 
 benville, Ohio; judge of the State supreme court; 
 elected a Representative from Ohio to the Eight- 
 eenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Congresses; de- 
 feated for reelection; engaged in newspaper work 
 and for some years proprietor of the Cincinnati 
 Gazette; delegate to the peace congress; died at 
 Washington, D. C, February 13, 1861. 
 
 Wright, JohnV., was born in McNairy County, 
 Tenn., June28, 1828; received a liberal education; 
 studied law, and began practice at Purdy, Tenn.; 
 elected a Representative from Tennessee to the 
 Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth, and Thirty-sixth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat. 
 
 Wright, Joseph A., was born at Washington, 
 Pa., April 17, 1810; moved to Indiana, where he 
 graduated from the University of Indiana; studied 
 law, and in 1829 began practice at Rockville, Ind.; 
 State representative in 1833 and a State senator in 
 1840; elected a Representative from Indiana to the 
 Twenty-eighth Congress as a Democrat ; defeated 
 for reelection; governor of Indiana 1849-1857; 
 minister to Prussia 1857-1861, and again appointed, 
 servingfrom 1865 until his death, at Berlin, Prussia, 
 May li, 1867. 
 
 Wright, Myron B., was born at Forest Lake, 
 Susquehanna County, Pa., June 12, 1847; receiveci 
 a conunon school and academic education; taught 
 school in winter of 186.5-66 ; employed as clerk in 
 the First National Bank of Susquehanna in the 
 spring of 1866; elected assistant cashier of bank 
 in 1867, and elected cashier in 1869; largely in- 
 terested in several finant'ial, business,and manu- 
 facturing enterprises; elected to the Fifty-first, 
 Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses as a 
 Reinibliian; died November 13, 1894. 
 
 Wright, Robert, was born in KentCounty, Md. , 
 about 1765; attended the common schools; studied 
 
898 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIRKCTiiRY. 
 
 law and bi><n\n practice at Qiiconstown; fleeted a 
 I'liitt'il .Stales Senator I'roiii Maryland as a Demo- 
 crat, serviiij; from 1801 to l.HOli. when he resigned; 
 electtnl a Representative from Marylainl to the 
 Kleventh (vice John llrown, resi;;ned ). Twelfth, 
 Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Seventee?ith Con- 
 gresses: distrii-t judjre; died at Queeustown, Md., 
 SepleinlxT 7. ISiti. 
 
 Wright, Samuel G., was born in 17S7; elected 
 a Repri'sentative from New .lersey to the Twenty- 
 ninth C'onirress hut died before taking his seat 
 July 30, l.S4.">. 
 
 Wright, Silas, was horn at Amlierst, Mass., 
 May 24, ]~\>b; graduated from .Mi<ldiel)ury Col- 
 lege in l,si.'>: studied law, and began practice at 
 t'anton, X. Y., in l.HU>: surrogate of Rockland 
 County from February 4, 1821, to .January I. 1824; 
 State senator 1.S24-1827; elected a Hepresentative 
 from New Y'ork to the Twentieth Congres.s as a 
 Democrat; successfidly contested the election of 
 (teorge Fisher in the Twenty-lirst Congress, hut 
 refusi'd to take his seat, preferring to act as coni])- 
 troUerol ihe.Stateof New York 1 ,s2!t- 1 ,s:!:> ; elected 
 a I'nited .States Senator from New York (vice \V. 
 L. Marcy, resigneil I, and reelected, servint: from 
 1833 to l.'^44, when he resigned to become gov- 
 ernor of New Y'ork; governor of New York 1S44- 
 l,S4t>; defeated for reelection; died at Canton, N. Y"., 
 August 27, 1847. 
 
 Wright, Turbett, was a Delegate from Mary- 
 land to the Continental Congress 17S1-,S2. 
 
 Wright, William, was born at Clarkstown, 
 Rockland County, N. Y., in 1794; attended tlu'iud)- 
 lic schools; learned the saddler's trade; began 
 business at Bridgeport, Conn., in 181.i; moved to 
 Newark, N. J., mayor of Newark 1S4()-1,S4:>; elected 
 a Re|)re.-'entative from New Jersey to the Twenty- 
 eighth and Twenty-ninth ('ongres..ies; elected a 
 I'nited States Senator from New .lersey asa Demo- 
 crat, serving f mm l.^.'>il tols.'i'i; again elect I'd I'lUted 
 States Senator, serving from Decend'cr 7, 1803, to 
 November 1, bSGli, when he dieil at Newark, N. J. 
 
 Wurts, John, was a native of Morri-s County, 
 N. J.; graduated from Princeton College in 1813; 
 moved to Philadelphia. I'a. ; electc(l a Uepresenta- 
 tive from Pennsylvania to the Nineteenth Con- 
 gre.-s; died at Roine, Italy, .\pril 23, 18til. 
 
 Wjmkoop, Henry, wiv* born in Northampton 
 County, Pa.. March 2. 1737: Delegate from Penn- 
 sylvania to the Continental Congre.'^s in !77!»; 
 elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
 First Conirress: died in P.ucks Coimtv, Pa.. March 
 2.'i. IsliK 
 
 Wynn. Richard, was born in eastern Virginia 
 about 17.''0; received a limiteil education; moved 
 to (ieorgia: entered the Revolutionary .\rmy a,s 
 lieutenant, and attaine<l the rank of major-general; 
 electeil a Representative from South Carolina to 
 the Third, Fourth. Seventh, Kighth, Ninth, Tenth, 
 Kleventh, ami Twelfth Congresses; died in Ten- 
 nessee in 1813. 
 
 Wynns, Thomas, wa.«born in Hertford County, 
 N. ('., in 17i)4; received a limiteil education; 
 planter: member of the State house of repres<.nta- 
 tives in 17S7 and a State .senator 17lM(-18(M); Pri'si- 
 dential eliM'tor in I.SOI; elected a Representative 
 from North Carolina to the Seventh, Faghlh, ami 
 Ninth ('ongres.ses; Pre.'>iilential elector in 1809; 
 die<l at Winton, N. C., June .3, 182."). 
 
 Wythe, George, was born in I'.lizabeth City 
 County. Va.. in 17211; education limited; studied 
 
 law anil admitteil to ]iractice; ."weral years a 
 memlx-r of the house of burge.s.ses: Delegate to the 
 Continental Congress in 177.t; speaker of the Vir- 
 ginia house of di'lfgates in 1777, and during the 
 same year judge of thi' high court of chancery; 
 Presidential elector on the Jefferson tickets in 
 l.SOl and l.SO.'i; die.l June s. 18(Hi, at Richmond, Va. 
 
 Yancey, William Lowndes, was born at < )gee- 
 chee Shoals, (ia., .\ugiist 10, 1814; received a lib- 
 eral education; studied law, and iK'gjin practice in 
 South Carolina: moveil in is;!7 toWetumpka, Ala., 
 where he engaged in newspaper work; Slati' repre- 
 sentative; elected a Ke|iresentative from .\labama 
 to the Twenty-eighth Congress (vice D. II, Lewis, 
 
 ! apjiointed Senator) lus a State Rights Democrat; re- 
 elected to the Twenty-ninth Congress, hut resigned 
 September 1, 1846; moved to Montgomery, where 
 he resumed the practii'e of law; delegate to the 
 national Democratic i-onvention at Baltimore in 
 1848, at Cincinnati in l.s.ii;. and Charleston in 1860; 
 
 I Presidential elector on the Buchanan ticket in 
 l.S.'iti; delegate to the State convention of -Vlabaina 
 in I.Slil; served in the Confederate ('ongre.s.s; died 
 on his plantation near Muntgumery. Ala., July 28, 
 1863. 
 
 Yancey, Bartlett, was born in Ciiswell 
 County, N. ('.. about 17,80; grailuated from the 
 I'niversity of North Carolina; studied law and 
 practiced; elected a Representative from North 
 Carolina to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Con- 
 ( gresses; elected a State senator in 1817, and re- 
 elected aninially until his death, which occurred 
 in Caswell County, N. ('., August 30, 1828. 
 
 Yancy, Joel, resided at Glasgow, Ky.; elected 
 a Representative from Kentucky to the Twentieth 
 } Congress as a I'emocrat, and reelected to the 
 Twenty-tirst Congress. 
 
 Yaple, George L., of Mendon, Mich., was born 
 in lA-onidas, St. Joseph County, Mich., February 
 20, IS.Tl; moved with his i)ari'nt.s to Mendon, in 
 the same county, in 1.8.i7: graduated from the 
 Northwestern rniversityat Kvanston. 111.; studied 
 law and admitted to the bar in 1872: enirageil in" 
 farming and the practice of law; defeated as the 
 Greenbai'k camliclate for Congress in 1,S80; elected 
 ' to the Forty-eighth Congress on the Tnion ticket. 
 
 Yardley, Kobert M., was born at Y'ardley, 
 
 Bucks County. Pa., October!*, 18.'>0; received an 
 academic education: studied law; admitted to the 
 bar at Dovlestown in 1872, and practiced; elected 
 district attorney in 187l>; ilelegate to the Repub- 
 lican national convention in 1884; elected to the 
 Fiftieth Congress as a Reiiubliean, and reelected 
 to the Fiftv-tirst Congre.ss; died at Dovlestown, 
 r Pa., DecemV'rS, l!tt12. 
 
 Yates, Abraham, was born at .\lbany, N. Y"., 
 August 23. 1724; received a lilK-ral education; del- 
 egate to the first. secon<l. thinl, ami fourth pro- 
 visional congre.s.ses at New York 177.5-1777; Dele- 
 gate to the Continental Congress 1787-88; died at 
 Albany, N. Y., June 30, 17!»6. 
 
 Yates, John B., was born at Schenectady, 
 N. Y'.. Februarv 1. 1784; elecfc"l a Repn>sentative 
 from New York to the Fourteenth Congress as a 
 Democrat; died at Chittenango. N. Y'., July 11, 
 1.8:56. 
 
 Yates, Peter W., was lH)rn in .Ulmny, N. Y'.; 
 a J)elegate from New Y'ork to the Continental 
 C<ingress 17.8.'S-1787. 
 
 Yates, Richard, was born at Warsaw. Ky., 
 January 18. 1818; graduated from Illinois College; 
 
BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 899 
 
 studied law and admitted to the bar; member of 
 the Ulinni-j State legislature 1S42, 1843, 1.S44, 1845, 
 1S4S. and 1849; elected a Representative from 
 Illinois to the Thirty-second Congress as a Whig; 
 reelected to the Thirty-third Congress; defeated 
 for reelection; governor of Illinois 18(U-186o; 
 elected a United States Senator from Illinois as a 
 Union Kepulilican, serving from 18(35 to 1871; 
 died at St. Louis, ilo., November 27, 1873. 
 
 Yeaman, George H. , was born in Hardin 
 County, Ky., Novemlx-r 1, 1829; received a lib- 
 eral education; studied law, and began practice 
 at (Jwensboro, Ky., in 1852; judge cif Davis County 
 in 1854; member of the State house of representa- 
 tives in 18(il; elected a Representative from Ken- 
 tucky to the Thirty-seventh Congress (vice. I. S. 
 Jackson, deceased) as a Unionist; reelecte<l to the 
 Thirty-eighth Congress; defeated for the Thirty- 
 ninth Congress; minister to Denmark 18(i.5-lS70. 
 
 Yeates, Jesse J. , was born in Hertford County, 
 K. ('., May 29, 1829; received a classical educa- 
 tion; studied law and practiced; held .several local 
 offices; elected a member of the Imuseof connnous 
 of North Carolina in 1860 as a Wliig; served in the 
 Confederate army; .solicitorof tlic tir.st judicial cir- 
 cuit of North Carolina bStil-lSdii; elected to the 
 State constitutional convention in 1871; elected a 
 Representative from North Carulina to the Forty- 
 fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses. 
 
 Yell, Archibald, was born in Kentucky in 
 1797; moveil to Fayetteville, Ark.; received a lib- 
 eral education; studied law and practiced; held 
 several local offices; appointed one of the United 
 States Territorial judges; elected a Rejjresentative 
 from Arkansas to the Twenty-fourth Congress as 
 a Van Buren Democrat; reelected to the Twenty- 
 fifth Congress (defeating Ringgold) ; elected to the 
 Twenty-ninth Congress, resigning July 1, 184t), to 
 serve in the Jlexican war; killed at the battle of 
 Buena Vista, February 23, 1847. 
 
 Yoakum, Charles H., of Greenville, Tex., was 
 born in Lincoln County, Tex., in 18.50; educated 
 at Larissa College, Cherokee County; began the 
 practice of law in 1874; elected cnunty attorney 
 for Rains County in 1876; moved to Hunt County 
 in 1883; elected district attorney for the eighth 
 judicial district in 1886 and reelected in 1888; 
 elected to the State senate in 1892 for four years; 
 elected to the Fitty-fourtli Congress as a Demo- 
 crat; returned to Texas and resumed the practice 
 of law; moved to Los Angeles, Cal., in 1900. 
 
 Yocuni, Seth H. , was born in Colundjia C'ounty , 
 Pa., August 2, l.s;W; graduated from Dickinson 
 College, Carlisle, Pa., in 1860; entered the United 
 States service in the civil war as a orivate, and 
 promoted to tirst lieutenant; elected t(j the Forty- 
 sixth Cimgress as a National and Republican; died 
 March 29, 1896, at Santa ilonica, Cal. 
 
 Yoder, Samuel S., of Lima, Ohio, was born 
 at Berlin, Holmes County, Ohio, August 16, 1841; 
 received a common school and academic educa- 
 tion; enlisted in the L^nion Army, in the One hun- 
 dred and twenty-eighth Ohio Infantry, rose to the 
 rank of lieutenant, and served till the end of the 
 war; studied medicine and practiced his profes- 
 sion; elected mayor of Bluffton, Ohio; member of 
 State Democratic executive conunittee; elected 
 judge of the probate court of Allen County, Ohio, 
 and served fr(.)m February, 1882, till October, 1886, 
 when he resigned; elected to the Fiftieth Con- 
 gress as a Democrat; reelected to the Fifty-first 
 Congress; Sergeant-at-Arms of the Fifty-second 
 Congress; located at Washington, D. C. 
 
 York, Tyre, of Traphill, N. C. was born at 
 Rockford, Surry County, N. C, May 4, 1836; re- 
 ceived a common school education; studied medi- 
 cine; student of the Charleston Medical College of 
 South Carolina; returned home, ami commenced 
 practit-e; moved to Wilkes County in 1859; LTnion 
 man, and served during the latter part of the war 
 as surgeon of himie guards, and at the close of the 
 war in 1865 elected to tlic State legislature; served 
 for eighteen years either in the hou.se of represent- 
 atives or State senate; elected to the Forty-eighth 
 Congress as a Liberal Democrat, indorsed by the 
 Republicans. 
 
 Yorke, Thomas J. , was a native of New Jer- 
 .sey; attended the public schools; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from New Jersey to the Twenty-fifth 
 Congress as a Whig; held the certificate of elec- 
 tion to the Twenty -sixth Congress, but refused ail- 
 mission; elected to the Twenty-seventh Congress. 
 
 Yost, Jacob, of Staunton, Va., born there April 
 1, 1853; received a primary education; entered a 
 printing office and learned the trade of printer; 
 followed civil engineering; returned to journalism ; 
 candidate for Republican elector in 1880; Repub- 
 lican nominee for Congress in 1884; elected mayor 
 of the city of Staunton in May, 1886; elected ti> the 
 Fiftieth and Fifty-fifth Congresses as a Republican. 
 
 yost, Jacob S., was born in Pennsylvania in 
 1801; elected a Representative from Pennsylvania 
 to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Con- 
 gresses; appointed United States marshal for the 
 eastern district of Pennsvlvauia; died at Potts- 
 town, Pa., March 7, 1872. 
 
 Youmans, Henry Melville, of Saginaw, Mich. , 
 was Ijorn at Otego, Otsego County, N. Y., ]\Iay 15, 
 1832; received a common school education; iii the 
 employ of the York and Erie Railroad Comjiany, 
 Susquehanna division, for ten years; moved to 
 East Saginaw, Mich., in 1862; engaged in the 
 manufacture of lumber and salt; elected mayor of 
 East Saginaw for the years 1886-87; held all the 
 positions of honor under the munici]ial govern- 
 ment of East Saginaw; elected to the Fifty-second 
 Congress as a Democrat; served in the State sen- 
 ate 1897-98. 
 
 Young-, Augustus, was born at Arlington, Vt., 
 March 20, 1785; received a liberal education; 
 studied law and connnenced practice at Stowe; 
 member of the State house of representatives for 
 twelve sessions and of the State senate for three 
 terms; State attorney for Orleans County and 
 judge of probate; elected a Representative" from 
 Vermont to the Twenty-seventh Congress as a 
 Whig; declined a reelection; resumed practice; 
 moved to St. Albans in 1847 and died there June 
 17, 1857. 
 
 Young, Bryan K.., was a native of Kentucky; 
 elected a Representative from Kentuckj- to the 
 Twenty-ninth Congress. 
 
 Young, Casey, was liorn in Madison County, 
 Tenn.; a lawyer by profession; elected a Repre- 
 sentative from Tenne.ssee to the Forty-fourth, 
 Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-eighth Con- 
 gresses as a Democrat; ciied in 1898. 
 
 Young, Ebenezer, was born at Killingly, 
 Conn., in 1784; graduated from Yale College in 
 1806; memljer of the State senate 1823-1825; mem- 
 ber of the State house of representatives 1826-1828; 
 chosen speaker; elected a Rejiresentative fr)m 
 Connecticut to the Twenty-first, Tweuty-sec<ind, 
 and Twenty-third Congresses; died at AVest Kil- 
 lingly, Conn., August 18, 1851. 
 
900 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL DIKKCTUEV. 
 
 Young, James Bankin, of Philadelphia, Pa., 
 
 was txirii lit l'liil;i(lt'l]>hia Marili 10, 1,S47; ('<lu- 
 oateil ill the )mlilic scIuhiIw, i>nti'rin>; tlu' (Viitral 
 Ilijrli Si-IkhiI in Isti'J; cnlisti-il with a nuinljcr of 
 the imifi'ssiirs ami stinlfiits in .liinc, ISl!:!, iji llu' 
 Tliirty-sffiiiiil Poniisylvaiiia Infantry, ami srrvi'il 
 (liiiin^r till' (icttyslmr;; (■ani]iai;.'n; niadi' a tour of 
 the Southern Stale^' soon alter the war as a eorre- 
 BponJent of the New York Trihiiiie; served at* 
 chief of tlie \ViUshiii>;toii hiireau of the New York 
 Triliiiiie from June, l,S(>(i, to Keeeniher, 1S711; chief 
 fxeeiitive clerk of the I'liited States Senate from 
 December, 1S7S. to .March, lM7i»; chief clerk of the 
 Dejiartment of .lustice from September, ISSi', to 
 December, l.'iS:!; aL'ain chief executive clerk of tlu' 
 Inited States Senate from Decenilier, ISH:!, to 
 April, l,Si»2; one of the founders of the Phihulel- 
 phia EveniiifrStarin ISilli; elected to the Fifty-lifth 
 Consrres.i as a I{epuhlican; reelected to the Fifty- 
 sixth and Fifty-seventh Congresses. 
 
 Toung, John, was born at Chelsea, Vt.. .lime 
 12, IMIL'; nioveil to New York City in lHOli and 
 located at (_'oiiesiis, where he received a public 
 school education; studied law; admitted to the bar 
 in 1S29, and began practice at (ieneseo, N. Y'.; 
 member of the State house of representatives in 
 18.33, 1844, and 1845; elected a Representative 
 from New York to the Twenty-fourth Congress 
 as a Whig, vice P. C. Fuller, resigned; declined a 
 reelection; elected a Representative from New 
 York to the Twenty-seventh Coiignvs as a Whig; 
 governor of New York State I847-IS4!!; delegate 
 to the Whig national convention of 1848; a-ssistant 
 treasurer of the rnite<l States at New Y'ork; died 
 at New Y'ork City .\pril L'3, 18.52. 
 
 Young, John D., was born in Jiatli County, 
 Ky., September22, 1823; received a limited educa- 
 tion; studied law, ami admitted to the bar; farmer; 
 elected judge of Bath quarterly court in 18.58; 
 electeil a Re|)resentative from Kentucky to the 
 Fortieth Congress, hut was refused his seat; elected 
 to the Forty-first Congress as a Democrat. 
 
 Young, Pierce M. B., was born at S|)artanhnrg, 
 S. ('., NoveinbiT 1.5, ls;;!t; studii'd law; student at 
 West Point Military Academy, and resigned two 
 months before graduating toentiTthe Confederate 
 army as second lieutenant, and surrendered in 18(15 
 as a major-general; ri'lu rued tot Georgia and elected 
 a Kepresentatixf from (ieorgia to the Fortieth, 
 Fortv-tirst, and Forty-third Congresses as a 
 Democrat; dieil in 18nii. 
 
 Young, Richard M. , was born in Kentucky 
 in 17ilii; a Presidential elector on the .lackson ami 
 Callionn ticket in 182!); a Cnited ,*^tates .Senator 
 from Illinois as a Democrat 1837-1843; Commis- 
 sioner of (ieneral Land Olhce 1847-18.50; Clerk of 
 the House of Represi^ntatives in the Thirty-tirsI 
 Congress; died at Washington, D. ('., about 1852. 
 
 Young, Thomas L., was horn at Killyleagh, 
 County Down, Ireland, December 14, 18:{2; emi- 
 grated to the inited States when a boy; entered 
 the t'.S. Army duringllie Mexican war, andserved 
 until 1857: studied law, and taught si-hooj at Cin- 
 cinnati until the commencement of the war of the 
 rebellion; entereil the volunteer army in 18lil as 
 first lieutenant, and promoted to captain, major, 
 lieutenant-colonel, colonel, and brevet l)rigadier- 
 peneral, successivi'ly; adniilted to the bar in 18t)5; 
 appointe<l a.ssistant city auditor of CincinnHti; 
 member of the Slate house of repres«'ntatives for 
 two years; elect»'d recorder of Hamilton County in 
 181)7; ap|iointeil sniHTvisor of internal revenue in 
 1868; delegate to the Kepublican national conven- 
 
 tion at Chicapn in IRGfi; flertwl Plate senator in 
 1871; elected lieutenant-governor in 1875; suc- 
 ceeded President Hayes a.s governor of ( )liio in 1877; 
 eleilcd to the Forty-sixth Congress as a Re]>ub- 
 licaii; reelecteii to the Fortv-seveiitli Congres-s; 
 died ,Iuly 20, 1888, at Cincinnati, Ohio. 
 
 Young, Timothy R., was a native of New 
 
 Hampshire; irra<luated from Powdoin College in 
 1835; moved to Marshall, 111.; elected a Represent- 
 ative from Illinois to the Tliirty-lirst Congre.-^s as 
 a Democrat. 
 
 Va., was bom 
 he schools of 
 
 law; entered 
 le Democratic 
 t and I'orpora- 
 'elegate to the 
 liicagoin 1802; 
 Fifty-lifth and 
 t. but his seat 
 
 v Richard A. 
 \pril 20, 1808, 
 
 Young, William A., nfXorfolk, 
 there May 17, isiiil; educated in t 
 Norfolk, and be^'an the study of 
 mercantile pursuits; chairman of tl 
 party of the city; clerk of (he circui 
 tioii courts of the city of Norfolk; 
 national Democratic convention at C 
 clainie(l to have been elected to th 
 Fifty-sixth Congresses as a Deniocra 
 was successfully contested in each 1 
 Wise, Republican, who was seated 
 and April 20, 1000. 
 
 Young, William S. , a native of Nelson County, 
 Ky., was elected a Representative from Kentucky 
 to the Nineteenth Congress a* a Democrat. 
 
 Yulee, David Levy. {Sei' David Levy.) 
 
 Zenor, William T., of Corydon, Ind., was bom 
 in Ihirrisou County, Ind.; educated in the coni- 
 iiioii schools and at the .seminary of Prof. .lames (J. 
 May; commenced the study of law ;it New Albany; 
 admitted to the bar, and formed a law partnership 
 in 1870 at Corydon; moved to Leavenworth, Craw- 
 ford County, ind., in 1871 ; appointed by ( iovernor 
 Williams prosecuting attorney for the third judi- 
 cial circuit, ami also elected twice to this office; 
 elected judge of said circuitin 1884, and reelected; 
 electeil tothe Fifty-lifth. Filty-.sixth. Fifty-seventh, 
 and Fifty-eighth Congre.-^ses as a Democrat. 
 
 Ziegler, Edward Danner, of York. Y'ork 
 County, Pa., was born March 3, l.><44, at Bedford, 
 I'.eilfoi'ii County, Pa.; educated at Pennsylvania 
 College, (iettysburg, and graduated in 1SU5: after 
 teaching in the York County .\caileiiiy admitted a 
 meiuberof the York County bar Novemlier4. 18t)8; 
 electeil coiiinii.ssioner's clerk in 1871,; elected dis- 
 trict attorney of Y'ork County, and served three 
 years; elected to the Fifty-sixth Congress as a 
 Democrat. 
 
 Zollicoflfer, Felix K.. wa.« born in Maury 
 County, Teiin., May 10, 1S12; received a limited 
 education; printer; engiiged in newspaper work; 
 elected State jirinter for Tennessee in 1835; comp- 
 troller of the State treasury 1,84.5-1840; State sena- 
 tor in 1840; eleiteil a Representative from Tennes- 
 see to the Thirtv-thiril Congress as a State Rights 
 Whig; reelectedto the Thirty-fourth and Thirty- 
 fifth Congresses: delegate to the i>eace convention 
 of 18iil; served in theConfederatearniy; died near 
 Mill S|irings, Ky.. January 10, 1802. 
 
 Zubly, John Joachim, was horn at St. (Tall, 
 
 Switzerland, .\ugust 27, 1724; emigrated totieorgia; 
 ordained a pastor of the F'irst rresbyterian t hiircli 
 at Savannah in 17i>0;prominent revolutionist; Dele- 
 gate to the Ciiiitinental Congress in 1775, and op- 
 poseilthe Declaration of Indeiiendence; denounced 
 as u traitor by .ludge Cha-e, and ri'signed; retnrmd 
 totieorgia and was accused of having furnished 
 information to Sir .lames Wright, the royal gov- 
 ernor, and narrowly escaped severe punishment; 
 died at Savannah, Ou., July 'J'6, 1751. 
 
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