./•\ • • • - O V' >; ^^°^ .^^ ' •^J^rH .' <.^" "-o.^"^' .♦^•v. -oV^ -0^ ./ ^*>r^ .0* v-^^ .5.^"-. *■>..'* ^ -f^ 'o.>.* ,&* ^^ '••»' <^ -^^ '<"•■* ,0* "o^ b'. -ji, .^ »' y;-^ '^^^c5y' ^^ »: ./ X -.- vb- A ' 'k!l^.r ' V ^0 ^vO„ cV .♦' -^^ ^^ .«««. -^o :- -^^n^ ; .v-^^ ^'^ ,0... f-r, o.^^ -^ >' * ^0' .-VL'*^ -^ THE HISTORY CLINTON COUNTY. M I S S O U R I CONTAINING A HISTORY OF THE COUNTY, ITS CITIES, TOWNS, ETC. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF ITS CITIZENS, CLINTON COUNIY IN THE LATE WAR, GENERAL AND I OCAL STAl ISTICS, PORTRAITS OF EARLY SETTLERS AND PR .MINENT MEN. HISTORY OF MISSOURI. MAI' OF CLINTON COUNTY, ETC., ETC. LLUSTRATED. .ST. jqSEPH, MO.: X.\TIONAI. HISTORICAL COMPANY, /<' ^ A Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year iSSi.by O. P. WILLIAMS & CO , the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. JOSEPH, MO., riNC Company, f I MAP OF ;!inie?«=i«auH«i. PREFACE, What wonderful changes a few years have wrou.fjht in this western country ! Less than sixty years ago not a single white man dwelt within the present confines of Clinton County. Its soil, had doubtless, occa- sionally been pressed by the feet of the reckless hunter and the daring adventurer, but its beautifully rolling prairies, its charming timber- fringed streams and enchanting groves were the homes of the antelope, the elk, the deer and the red man. How all has been changed by the hand of progress! To-day the busy hum of industry everywhere resounds, and the voice of culture and refinement echo where once was heard the howl of the wild beast and the war-whoop of the Indian. These have been years of important events ; events fraught with interest to the sons and daughters from the old firesides of Kentucky, Virginia, Tennessee, Pennsylvania, Ohio and Indiana, and from the more distant homes beyond the Atlantic. The energy and bravery of these hardy pioneers and their descendants have made Clinton County what it is. Their labors have made the wilderness to "bud and blossom as the rose;" and, to preserve the story of this wonderful change and to hand it down to posterity as a link in the history of the great country of which Clinton County forms an integral part, has been the object of this book. While the publishers do not arrogate to themselves a degree of accuracy beyond criticism, they hope to have attained a large measure of exact- ness in the compilation and arrangement of the almost innumerable incidents which are here treated. These incidents have been gleaned from the memor)- and notes of the old settlers ; and, though an error here and there may seemingly occur, tlie reader must not hastily con- clude that the history is in fault, but rather test his opinion with that of others familiar with the facts. It only remains for us to tender the people of Clinton County in general our obligations for the courtes}' extended to us and our repre- sentatives during the preparation of these annuals; without their aid, this histor)- would have been left buried beneath the t/r^n's of time, unwritten and unpreser\-ed. thp: publishers. ^^'cCONTENTSs^Sa. HISTORY OF MISSOURI. CHAPTER II. DESCRIPTIVE AND GEOGRAPHICAL— Name — Extent — Surface — Rivers- Timber— Climate— Prairies — Soils- Population by Co CHAPTER HI. GEOLOGY OF MISSOURI- Classification of Rocks — Quarternary Formation — Tertiary — Cretaceous — Carboniferous — Devonian — Silurian — Azoic — Economic Geology — Coal — Iron— Lead— Copper -Zinc— Build- ing Stone — Marble- Gypsum — Lime Paints — Springs — Water Power . . . CHAPTER IV. TITLE AND EARLY SETTLEMENTS- Title to Missouri Lr.nris — Right of Discovery— Tiile ol France and Spain — Cession to the United States— Ter- ritorial Changes — Treaiies with In- dians—First Settlement — Ste. Gene- vievi and New Bourbon— St. Louis — When Incorporated — I'otosi — St. Charles — Portage Des Sioux— New Madrid— St. Francois County— Perry — Mississippi — Loutre Island — •'Boone's Lick" — Cote Sins Destein — Howard County -Some First Things — Counties— When Organized . . . CHAPTER V. TERRITORIAL ORGA.MZATION- Organizaiion i5l J — Council— House ol Representatives- Wm. Clark First Territoiial Governor — Edward Hemp- stead First Delegate— Spanish Grants — First General Assembly — Proceed- ings — J-econd Assemlily — Proceedings — Population of Territory — Vote of Territory — Rufus Easton — Absent Mtmbers — Third Assembly— Proceed- ings— Application for Admission . . CHAPTER VT. Page. gress- MISSOURI ADMITTED I.NTO THE U.MON- ApplicalKin of Missouri to be Admit- ted Into the Union— Agitation of ihe Slavery Question- " Missouri Compro- mise " — Constitutional Convention of 1820 — Constitution Presented to Con- -Further Resistance to Admis- Mr. Clay and his Committee Make Report — Second Compromise — Missouri Admitted CHAPTER VII. MISSOURI AS A STATE- First Election for Governor and Other State Officers— Senators and Represen- tatives to General Assembly — Sheriffs and Coroners— United States Senators — Representatives in Congi ess— Su- preme Court Judges — Counties Organ- ized — Capital Moved to St. Charles — Official Record of Territorial and State Officers CHAPTER VIII. EARLY Mli ITARV RECORD- Black H.iwk War-Mormon Difficul- ties-Florida War— Mexican War . . CHAPTER IX. CIVIL WAR IN MISSOURI— Fort Sumpter Fired Upon — Call for 75,000 Men- Gov. Jackson Refusfsto Furnish a Man— U. S. Arsenal at 1 ib- erty Seized— Proclamation of Gov. Jackson— General Order No. 7— leg- islature Convenes — Camp Jackson Organized— Sterling Pi ice A] puinted Major General — Frost's Letter to Lyon— Lyon's Letter to Frost— Sur- render of Camp Jackson — Proclama- tion of Gen. Harney— Conference Be- tween Price and Harney— Hainey Superceded by Lyon — Second Confer- ence—Governor Jackson Bums 'he Bridges Behind Him— Proclamation of Gov. Jackson— Gen. Blair Takes Possession ol Jefferson Cily— Procla- mation of Lyon— Lyon at Siiringfield CONTENTS. Page. —Slate Offices Declared Vacant- Gen Fremont Assumes Command — Proclamation of Lieut. Gov. Rey- nolds — Proclamation of Jeff. Thomp- son and Gov. Jackson — Death of Gen. Lyon — Succeeded by Slurgis— Procla- mation of McCullough and Gamble — Martial Law Declared — Second Proclamation of Jeff. Thompson — President Modifies Fremont's Order — Fremont Relieved by Hunter — Pro- clamation of Price — Hunter's Order of Assessment — Hunter Declares Martial Law — Order ReLiting to Newspapers — Halleck Succeeds Hun- ter— Halleck's Order 8l— Similir Or- der by Halleck — Boone County Standard Confiscated — Execution of Prisoners at Macon and Palmyra — Gen. Ewing's Order No. 1 1 — Gen. Rosecrans Takes Command — Massa- cre at Centralia — Death of Bill An- derson — Gen. Dodge Succeeds Gen. Rosecrans — List of Battles $1 CHAPTER X. AGRICULTURE AND MATERIAL WEALTH Missouri as an Agricultural State - The Different Crops— Live Stock- Horses and Mules — Milch Cows — Oxen and Other Cattle -Sheep-Hogs — Comparisons — Missouri Adapted to Live Stock — Cotton — Broom Corn and Other Products — Fruits — Berries rage. — Grapes — Railroads — First Neigh of the " Iron Horse " in Missouri — Names of Railroads — Manufactures — Great Bridge at St. Louis 60 CHAPTER XL EDUCATION- Pubhc School System— Public School System of Missouri — Lincoln Insti- tute--Officers af Public School Sys- tem — Certificates of Teachers — Uni- versity of Missouri — Schools — Col- leges — Institutions of Learning — Lo- cation — Libraries — Newspapers and Periodicals — Number of School Children — Amount Expended- Value of Grounds and Buildings— " The Press " 66 CHAPTER XII. RELIGIOUS DENOMINjVTIONS— Baptist Church — Its History— Congre- gational — When Founded — Its His- tory—Christian Church — Its History — Cumberland Presbyterian Church — Its History — Methodist Episcopal Church — Its History — Presbyterian Church — Its History — Protestant Episcopal Church — Its History — United Presbyterian Church — Its History— Unitarian Church— Its His- tory—Roman Catholic Church— Its History 73 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY CHAPTER I. PREFATORY - The County, its Location — Name — Plan and Scope of this Work. .. . . 79 CHAPTER II. PHYSICAL FEATURES- Location — Boundary — Civil and Con- gressional Townships — Surface — Streams— Timber— Its Importance to Early Settlers— Climate— Rainfall— Health— Prairie— Waste Land ... 87 CHAPTER HI. Legislative Act Organizing Clinton County — Appointment of Commis- sioners to Locale County Seat — Organization of the County — First Courts — Their Work — Townships Erected — Election Piecincts— Roads, Etc 9S CHAPTER IV. County and Township System— Gov- ernment Surveys— Organization of Townships — Townships Named and Described— Shoal — Platte — La Fay- ette— Lathrop— Concord— Atchison — Jackson — Clinton— Hardin 109 CHAPTER V. EARLY SETTLEMENTS- Importance of First Beginnings— When and Where Commenced . . . 121 CHAPTER VI. PIONEER LIFE- The Pioneers' Peculiarities— Con- veniences and Inconveniences — The Historical Log Cabin— Agricultural Implements— Household Furniture — Pioneer Corn-Bread— Hand Mills and Hominy Blocks— Going to Mill — Trading Points— Bee-Trees— Shoot- ing Matches and Quillings 125 CHAPTER VII. SETTLEMENT OF ATCHISON TOWNSHIP- CHAPTER VIII. SETTLEMENT OF CONCORD TOWNSHIP- Plattsburg— Its Early History — Loca- tion — Names — Commissioners — Town Laid Out— Sale of Lots— First Deed Recorded — Town Incorporated — Ad ditions— Official Record— Old Settlers and What They Did— Private and Page. Public Schools— Plattsburg College- Churches— M. E. Church South— M. E. Church— First Baptist Church —Christian Church — Presbyterian Church— St. Mary's Episcopal Church — Catholic Church— Secret Societies — Newspapers— Banks and Bankers- Hotels 146 CHAPTER IX. PLATTSBLRG CONTINUED- Moot Legislature— Death of David Trice— Earthquake— Plattsburg Mar- kets—Grasshoppers—A Beet— Indian Summer — Plattsburg Cornet Band- School Exhibition— Death of Judge Culver — Disastrous Fire— Base Ball Clubs — Masonic Installation — The Storm of 1870 — Death of Josiah Brown— Organization of Fire Depart- ment-Building and Completion of the Brick Block— Cane Piesentation— Death of Tyre Thorp— Cold Weather —Death of Judge James H. Birch- Business Review for 18S0— Memorial Services — Postmasters I7S CHAPTER X. SETTLEMENT OF CLINTON TOWNSHIP, .■VND OF H.\RDIN TOWNSHIP- 210 CHAPTER XI, SETTLEMENT OF JACKSON T OWNSHIP- 217 CHAPTER XII. SETTLEMENT OK LATHROP TOWNSHIP-- 231 CHAPTER XIII. SETTLEMENT OF SHOAL TOWNSHIP- Cameron— Its History— Its Early Set- tlers—First Building— First House of Public Entertainment— First Store- Colonel Tiernan — Dr. King — Pioneer Business Houses— Post Office — Mills — F'jundry — Burning uf Cameron — Public Halls— Hotels — Town Incor- porated — Official Directory— Stock in Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Rail- road — Musser's Block — Schools — Churches— Newspapers— Banks . . 245 CHAPTER XIV. ^MERON CONTINUED- Secret and Benevolent Societies— Park--AgricuUural and Mechanical A-sociation — The Last Fair — Pre- miums—To Whom Awarded — Resi- dences—Review of 1880 — The Oc- currence of October 24, 1S74 . . . 270 CHAPTER XV. - KTTLEMENTOF LaFAVF.TTE TOWNSHIP -STEWARTSVILLE— 2S9 CHAPTER XVI. SETTLEMENT OF PLATTE TOWNSHIP- Page. CHAPTER XVII. FIRST RECORDS- Deeds — Marriages — Grand Jury--- Resignation of Richard R. Rees — First Cases — Roll of Attorneys Pres- ent 314 CHAPTER XVIII. PUBLIC BUILDINGS— First, Second and Present Court Houses — County Poor Farm .... 322 CHAPTER XIX. RAILROADS- , , „ .. Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific- Wabash, St. Louis & Pacific— Han- nibal & St. Joseph Railroad— When Roads were Completed to Plattsburg —When Completed to Cameron. . 329 CHAPTER XX. MEXICAN WAR- The War News— Enthusiasm in the County— Names of Volunteers-Doni- phan's Expedition 339 CHAPTER XXI. CALIFORNIA GOLD EXCITEMENT- Flattering Accounts — Names of Men who went from Clinton County— Cal ifornia Enterprise Company— Address of Colonel Black— Letters— Califor- nia Emigrant Song— Cholera— Num- ber of Emigranf^ 343 CHAPTER XXII. CIVIL WAR, AND THE EVENTS OF i366- Situation in 1860-61 -Meetings- Conventions— State of Feeling— Sol- diers — Bushwhackers — Militia — Crime— Bloodshed— Arrest and Mur der of Rev. A. H F. Payne— Peace Proclamation— Peace Jubilee in Clin- ton County— Ovation to Returned Soldiers— Address of Thomas J Por- ter Names and Rank of Union and Confederate Soldiers— Speeches of Generals Shields, Blair and others— The Two Tickets—" Test Oath "— Rejected Voters— Election — Repub- licans Declared Elected— Judge Birch Gives Notice of Contest— Van Horn takes his Seat in Congress 349 CHAPTER XXIII. ^"^"^Hetlip— Clinton County Agricultural and Mechanical Association— Fairs- Premiums— Clinton County Farmers' Clubs— Patrons of Husbandry— Short Horn Association— Clinton County Compared with Other Counties- People 374 CHAPTER XXIV. Page. FINANCIAL AND POLITICAL— Financial Condiiion of the County in 1833-4— Debt of the County in 1845 — Taxable Property in iSSo— Re- ceipts and Expenditures in 1881 — Political— Names of Voters in 1S33 — Election of 1 834— Political Leaders — Official Vote for 1880 395 CHAPTER XXV. CRIMES, INCIDENTS AND ACCIDENTS- Willard Murder— Trial of William Langston— Confession of Augustus Otis Jennings — Killing of Howard Glenn— Murder of Miss Mollie Steel — Execution of Albert Hughes- Accidental Shooting of Kennedy — A Terrible Crime— A Bloody AfTtay — Daring Robbery 407 CHAPTER XXVI. BENCH AND EAR— Andrew S. Huuhes — Ex Governor George Smith— William B. Almond — Peter H. Burnett — Henry M. Vories — James B. Gardenhire — David R Atchison- Willard P. Hall — Solomon L. Leonard — Bila M. Page. Hughes— Silas Woodson- J. M. Bas- sett — A. W. Doniphan — George W. Dunn— William T Wood— Thomas E. Turney — Thomas J. Porter — Winslow Turner — Austin A. King — Resolutions of Respect— Benjamin F. Loan-Resolutions of Respect of St. Joseph Bar — Roll of Attorneys- Bench and Bar of Cameron .... 434 CHAPTER XXVH. SCHOOLS— State Constitution — Teachers' Insti- tutes — Enumeration for 1880 — Funds —School Houses — Comparisons — Ad- dress of Hon. John M. McMichad, . 464 CHAPTER XXVin. REUNIONS OF OLD SETTLERS- Barbecue August 28, 1873 — Bishop Marvin's Letter — Reunions at St. Joseph, in 1874 and 1875 — Speeches of Generals Craig, Doniphan, Atchi- son, Judge Birch, Judge Vories, and others 476 CHAPTER XXIX. OFFICIAL RECORD- PART II.~BIOGRAPHICAL. ConcordTownship and Cn y of Pla tts- BURG . . 4 Shoal Township and City of Cameison, 72 Plate Township and City of Osborn, 125 Jackson Township 154 Clinton Township 163 Page. Hardin Township 169 Atchison Township 178 LaFayette Township 203 City OF Stewart sviLLE 219 Lathrop Township 234 ADDENDA. Concord TcwNbHiP 262 I Shoal Tu LITHOGRA PHIC POR TRA ITS. General David R. Atchison. ... 179 | H. S. Buck LITHOGRA PHIC VIE I VS. Residknce uf T G. McCrosky . Business IlorsE of Ed, G, Sheldon . 369 History of Missouri. CHAPTER I. LOUISIANA PURCHASE. BRIEF HISTORICAL SKETCH The purchase of the vast territory west of the Mississippi River, by the United States, extending through Oregon to the Pacific coast and south to the dominions of Mexico, constitutes the most important event that ever occurred in the history of the nation. It gave to our republic additional room for that expansion and stu- pendous growth, to which it has since attained, in all that makes it strong and enduring, and forms the seat of an empire, from which will radiate an influence for good unequaled in the annals of time. In 1763, one hundred and eighteen years ago, the immense region of country, known at that time as Louisiana, was ceded to Spain by France. By a secret article, in the treaty of St. Ildefonso, concluded in 1800, Spain ceded it back to France. Napoleon, at that time, coveted the island of St. Domingo, not only because of the value of its products, but more especially because its location in the Gulf of Mexico would, in a military point of view, afford him a fine field, whence he could the more effec- tively guard his newly acquired possessions. Hence he desired this cession by Spain should be kept a profound secret until he succeeded in reducing St. Domingo to submission. In this undertaking, however, his hopes were blasted, and so great was his disappointment that he apparently became indifferent to the advantages to be derived to France from his purchase of Louisiana. In 1803 he sent out Laussat as prefect of the colony, who gave the people of Louisiana the first intimation that they had had, that they had once more become the subjects of P'rance. This was the occasion of great rejoicing among the inhabitants, who were Frenchmen in their origin, habits, manners and customs. 10 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. Mr. Jefferson, then President of the United States, on being in- formed of the retrocession, immediately dispatched instructions to Robert Livingston, the American Minister at Paris, to make known to Napoleon that the occupancy of New Orleans, by his government, would not only endanger the friendly relations existing between the two nations, but, perhaps, oblige the United States to make common cause with England, his bitterest and most dreaded enemy, as the possession of the city by France would give her command of the Mississippi, which was the only outlet for the produce of the Western States, and give her also control of the Gulf of Mexico, so necessary to the protection of American commerce. Mr. Jefferson was so fully impressed with the idea that the occupancy of New Orleans, by France, would bring about a conflict of interests between the two nations, which would finally cul- minate in an open rupture, that he urged Mr. Livingston, to not only insist upon the free navigation of the Mississippi, but to negotiate for the purchase of the city and the surrounding country. The question of this negotiation was of so grave a character to the United States that the President appointed Mr. Monroe, with full power, to act in conjunction with Mr. Livingston. Ever equal to all emergen- cies, and prompt in the cabinet, as well as in the field, Napoleon came to the conclusion that, as he could not well defend his occupancy of New Orleans, he would dispose of it, on the best terms possible. Before, however, taking final action in the matter, he summoned two of his min- isters, and addressed them as follows : " I am fully sensible of the value of Louisiana, and it was my wish to repair the error of the French diplomatists who abandoned it in 1763. I have scarcely recovered it before I run the risk of losing it ; but if I am obliged to give it up, it shall hereafter cost more to those who force me to part with it, than to those to whom I shall yield it. The English have despoiled France of all her northern possessions in America, and now they covet those of the South. I am determined that they shall not have the Mississippi. Although Louisiana is but a trifle compared to their vast possessions in other parts of the globe, yet, judging from the vexation they have manifested on seeing it return to the power of France, I am certain that their first object will be to gain possession of it. They will probably commence the war in that quarter. They have twenty vessels in the Gulf of Mexico, and our affairs in St. Domingo are daily getting worse since the death of LeClerc. The conquest of Lou- isiana might be easily made, and I have not a moment to lose in getting it out of their reach. I am not sure but that they have already begun an attack upon it. Such a measure would be in accordance with their habits ; and in their place I should not wait. I am inclined, in order to deprive them of all prospect of ever possessing it, to cede it to the United States. Indeed, I can hardly say that I cede it, for I do not yet HISTORY OF MISSOURI. II possess it ; and if I wait but a short time my enemies may leave me nothiing but an empty title to grant to tlie republic I wisli to conciliate. I consider the whole colony as lost, and I believe that in the hands of this rising power it will be more useful to the political and even com- mercial interests of France than if I should attempt to retain it. Let me have both your opinions on the subject." One of his ministers approved of the contemplated cession, but the other opposed it. The matter was long and earnestly discussed by them, before the confC-rence was ended. The next day Napoleon sent for the minister who had agreed with him, and said to him': "The season for deliberation is over. I have determined to renounce Louisiana. I shall give up not only 5lew Orleans, but the whole colony, without reserva- tion. That I do not undervalue Louisiana, I have sufficiently proved, as the object of my first treaty with Spain was to recover it. But though I regret parting with it, I am convinced it would be folly to persist in try- ing to keep it. I commission you, therefore, to negotiate this affair with the envoys of the United States. Do not wait the arrival of Mr. Monroe, but go this very day and confer with Mr. Livingston. Remember, however, that I need ample funds for carrying on the war, and I do not wish to commence it by levying new taxes. For the last century- France and Spain have incurred great expense in the improvement of Louisiana, for which her trade has never indemnified them. Large sums have been advanced to different companies, which have never been returned to the treasury. It is fair that I should require repayment for these. Were I to regulate my demands by the importance of this terri- tory to the United States, they would be unbounded ; but, being obliged to part with it, I shall be moderate in my terms. Still, remember, I must have fifty millions of francs, and I will not consent to take less. I would rather make some desperate effort to preserve this fine country." That day the negotiations commenced. Mr. Monroe reached Paris on the 1 2th of April, and the two representatives of the United States, after holding a private interview, announced that they were ready to treat for the entire territory. On the 30th of April, 1803, eighteen days afterward, the treaty was signed, and on the 21st of October, of the same year. Congress ratified the treaty. The United States were to pay $11, 250,000, and her citizens to be compensated for some illegal captures to the amount of $3,750,000, making in the aggregate the sum of $15,000,000, while it was agreed that the vessels and merchandise of France and Spain should be admitted into all the ports of Louisiana free of duty f jr twelve years. Bonaparte stipulated in favor of Louisiana, that it should be, as soon as possible, incorporated into the Union, and that its inhabitants should enjoy the same rights, privileges and immuni- ties as other citizens of the United States, and the clause giving to them 12 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. these benefits, was drawn up by Bonaparte, who presented it to the plenipotentiaries with these words : " Make it known to the people of Louisiana, that we regret to part with them ; that we have stipulated for all the advantages they could desire ; and that France, in giving them up, has insured to them the greatest of all. They could never have pros- pered under any European government as they will when they become independent. But while they enjoy the privileges of liberty let them remember that they are French, and preserve for their mother country that affection which a common origin inspires." Complete satisfaction was given to both parties in the terms of the treaty. Mr. Livingston said : " I consider that from this day the United States takes rank with the first powers of Europe, and now she has entirely escaped from the power of England," and Bonaparte expressed a similar sentiment when he said : "By this cession of terri- tory I have secured the power of the United States, and given to England a maritime rival, who, at some, future time, will humble her pride." These were prophetic words, for within a few years afterward the British met with a signal defeat, on the plains of the very territory of which the great Corsican had been speaking. From iSoo, the date of the cession made by Spain, to 1803, when it was purchased by the United States, no change had been made by the French authorities in the jurisprudence of the Upper and Lower Louis- iana, and during this period the Spanish laws remained in full force as the laws of the entire province ; a fact which is of interest to those who would understand the legal history and some of the present laws of Missouri On December 20th, 1803, Gens. Wilkinson and Claiborne, who were jointly commissioned to take possession of the territory for the United States, arrived in the city of New Orleans at the head of the American forces. Laussat, who had taken possession but twenty days previously as the prefect of the colony, gave up his command, and the star-spangled banner supplanted the tri-colored flag of France. The agent of France, to take possession of Upper Louisiana from the Spanish authorities, was Amos Stoddard, captain of artillery in the United States service. He was placed in possession of St. Louis on the 9th of March, 1804, by Charles Dehault Delassus, the Spanish commandant, and on the follow- ing day he transferred it to the United States. The authority of the L^nited States in Missouri dates from this day. From that moment the interests of the people of the Mississippi Valley became identified. They were troubled no more with the uncer- tainties of free navigation. The great river, along whose banks they had planted their towns and villages, now afforded them a safe and easy outlet to the markets of the world. Under the protecting aegis of a government, republican in forin, and having free access to an almost HIST RV OF MISSOURI. 13 boundless domain, embracing in its broad area the diversified climates of the globe, and possessing a soil unsurpassed for fertility, beauty of scenery and wealth of minerals, they had every incentive to push on their enterprises and build up the land wherein their lot had been cast. In the purchase of Louisiana, it was known that a great empire had been secured as a heritage to the people of our country, for all time to come, but of its grandeur, its possibilities, its inexhaustible resources and the important relations it would sustain to the nation and the world, were never dreamed of by even Mr. Jefferson and his adroit and accom- plished diplomatists. The most ardent imagination never conceived of the progress, which would mark the history of the " Great West." The adventurous pioneer, who fift)- years ago pitched his tent upon its broad prairies, or threaded the dark labyrinths of its lonely forests, little thought that a mi ;hty tide of physical and intellectual strength would so rapidly flow on in his footsteps, to populate, build up and enrich the domain which he had conquered. Year after year, civilization has advanced further and further, until at length the mountains, the plains, the hills and the valleys, and even the rocks and the caverns, resound with the noise and din of busy millions. " I beheld the westward marches Of the unknown crowded nations. All the land was full of people, Restless, struggling, toiling, striving. Speaking many tongues, yet feeling But one heart beat in their bosoms. In the woodland rang their axes. Smoked their towns in all the valleys; Over all the lakes and rivers Rushed their great canoes of thunder." In 1804 Congress, by an act, passed in April of the same year, divided Louisiana into two parts, the " Territory of Orleans," and the "District of Louisiana," known as "Upper Louisiana." This district included all that portion of the old province, north of "Hope Encamp- ment," on the Lower Mississippi, and embraced the present State of Missouri, and all the western region of country to the Pacific Ocean, and all below the forty-ninth degree of north latitude not claimed by Spain. As a matter of convenience, on March 26th, 1804, Missouri was placed within the jurisdiction of the government of the Territory of Indiana, and its government put in motion by Gen. William H. Harrison, then governor of Indiana. In this he was assisted by Judges Griffin, Vanderberg and Davis, who established in St. Louis what were called Courts of Common Pleas. The District of Louisiana was regularly organized into the Territory of Louisiana by Congress, March 3d, 1805, 14 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. and President Jefferson appointed Gen. James Wilkinson governor, and Frederick Bates secretary. The Legislature of the Territory was formed by Governor Wilkinson and Judges R. J. Meigs and John B. C. Lucas. In 1807 Governor Wilkinson was succeeded by Captain Meriwether Lewis, who had become famous by reason of his having made the expe- dition with Clark. Governor Lewis committed suicide in 1809, and President Madison appointed Gen. Benjamin Howard, of Lexington, Kentucky, to fill his place. Gen. Howard resigned October 25, 1810, to enter the war of 1812, and died in St. Louis, in 1814. Captain William Clark, of Lewis and Clark's expedition, was appointed governor in 18 10, to succeed Gen. Howard, and remained in office until the admission of the State into the Union. The portions of Missouri which were settled, for the purpose of local government, were divided into four districts. Cape Girardeau was the first, and embraced the territory between Tywappity Bottom and Apple Creek. Ste. Genevieve, the second, embraced the territory from Apple Creek to the Meramec River. St. Louis, the third, embraced the terri- tory between the Meramec and Missouri Rivers. St. Charles, the fourth, included the settled territory between the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers. The total population of these districts at that time was 8,670, including slaves. The population of the district of Louisiana, when ceded to the United States, was 10,120. CHAPTER ir. DESCRIPTIVE AND GEOGRAPHICAL. MBER-C NAME. The name Missouri, is derived from the Indian tongue and signifies muddy. EXTENT. Missouri is bounded on the north by Iowa (from which it is separated for about thirty miles on the northeast by the DesMoines River), and on the east by the Mississippi River, which divides it from Illinois, Ken- tucky and Tennessee, and on the west by the Indian Territory, and by the states of Kansas and Nebraska. The state lies (with the exception of a small projection between the St. Francis and the Mississippi Rivers, which extends to 36°), between 36^ 30' and 40° 36' north latitude, and between 12° 2' and 18° 51' west longitude from Washington. HISTORY OF MISSOURI. I5 The extreme width of the state east and west is about 34S miles ; its width on its northern boundary, measured from its northwest corner along the Iowa line to its intersection with the DesMoines River, is about 210 miles ; its width on its southern boundary is about 288 miles. Its average width is about 235 miles. The length of the state north and south, not including the narrow strip between the St. Francis and Mississippi Rivers, is about 282 miles. It is about 450 miles from its extreme northwest corner to its southeast corner, and from the northeast corner to the southwest corner it is about 230 miles. These limits embrace an area of 65,350 square miles, or 41,824,000 acres, being nearly as large as England, and the states of Vermont and New Hampshire. SURFACE. North of the Missouri the state is level or undulating, while the por- tion south of that river (the larger portion of the state) exhibits a greater variety of surface. In the southeastern part is an extensive marsh, reaching beyond the state into Arkansas. The remainder of this portion, between the Mississippi and Osage Rivers, is rolling and gradually rising into a hilly and mountainous district, forming the outskirts of the Ozark Mountains. Beyond the Osage River, at some distance, commences a vast expanse of prairie land, which stretches away towards the Rocky Mount- ains. The ridges forming the Ozark chain extend in a northeast and southwest direction, separating the waters that flow northeast into the Missouri from those that flow southeast into the Mississippi River. RIVERS. No state in the Union enjoys better facilities for navigation than Missouri. By means of the Mississippi River, which stretches along her entire eastern boundary, she can hold commercial intercourse with the most northern territory and state in the Union ; with the whole valley of the Ohio ; with many of the Atlantic States, and with the Gulf of Mexico. "Ay, gather Europe's royal rivers all — The snow-swelled Neva, with an Empire's weight On her broad breast, she yet may overwhelm; Dark Danube, hurrying, as by foe pursued, Through shaggy forests and by palace walls. To hide its terrors in a sea of gloom ; The castled Rhine, whose vine-crowned waters flow, The fount of fable and the source of song ; The rushing Rhone, in whose cerulean deptha The loving sky seems wedded with ihe wave) The yellow Tiber, chok'd with Roman spoils, A dying miser shrinking 'neath his gold ; The Seine, where fashion glasses the fairest forms; And Thames that bears the riches of the world ; 10 HISTORY OF MISSOURL Gather their waters in one ocean mass, Our Mississippi rolling proudly on, Would sweep them from its path, or swallow up, Like Aaion's rod, these streams of fame and song." By the Missouri River she can extend her commerce to the Rocky- Mountains, and receive in return the products which will come in the course of time, by its multitude of tributaries. The Missouri River coasts the northwest line of the state for about 250 miles, following its windings, and then flows through the state, a lit- tle south of east, to its junction with the Mississippi. The Missouri River receives a number of tributaries within the limits of the state, the principal of which are the Nodaway, Platte, Loutre and Chariton from the north, and the Blue, Sniabar, Grand, Osage and Gasconade from the south. The principal tributaries of the Mississippi within the state are the Salt River, north, and the Meramec River, south, of the Missouri. The St. Francis and White Rivers, with their branches, drain the southeastern part of the state and pass into Arkansas. The Osage is navigable for steamboats for more than 275 miles. There are a vast number of smaller streams, such as creeks, branches and rivers, which water the state in all directions. Not more towering in their sublimity were the cedars of ancient Lebanon, nor more precious in their utility were the almug trees of Ophir, than the native forests of Missouri. The river bottoms are cov- ered with a luxuriant growth of oak, ash, elm, hickory, Cottonwood, linn, white and black walnut, and in fact all the varieties found in the Atlantic and Eastern States. In the more barren districts may be seen the white and pin oak, and in many places a dense growth of pine. The crab apple, pawpaw and persimmon are abundant, as also the hazel and pecan. The climate of Missouri is, in general, pleasant and salubrious. Like that of North America, it is changeable and subject to sudden and sometimes extreme changes of heat and cold ; but it is decidedly milder, taking the whole year through, than that of the same latitudes east of the mountains. While the summers are not more oppressive than they are in the corresponding latitudes on and near the Atlantic Coast, the winters are shorter, and very much milder, except during the month of February, and it has many days of pleasant sunshine. PRAIRIES. Missouri is a prairie state, especially that portion of it north and northwest of the Missouri River. These prairies, along the water courses, abound with the thickest and most luxurious belts of timber, HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 17 while the "rollinof* prairies occupy the higher portions of the country, the descent t^enenilly to the forest or bottom lands being over stony declivities. Many of these prairies, however, exhibit a graceful, waving surface, swelling and sinking with an easy slope and a full, rounded out- line, ecjually avoiding the unmeaning, horizontal surface and the inter- ruption of abrupt or angular elevations. These prairies often embrace extensive tracts of land, and in one or two instances they cover an area of fifty thousand acres. During the spring and summer they are carpeted with a velvet of green and gaily bedecked with flowers of various forms and hues, making a most fasci- nating panorama of ever changing color and loveliness. To fully appre- ciate their great beauty and magnitude they must be seen. The soil of Missouri is good, and of greac agricultural capabilities, but the most fertile portions of the state are the river bottoms, which arc a rich alluvium, mixed in many cases with sand, the producing qual- ities of which are not excelled by the prolific valley of the famous Nile. South of the Missouri River there is a greater variety of soil, but much of it is fertile, and even in the mountains and mineral districts there are rich valleys, and about the sources of the White, Eleven Points, Current and Big Black Rivers the soil, though unproductive, fur- nishes a valuable growth of yellow pine. The marshy lands in the southeastern part of the state will, by a system of drainage, be one of the most fertile districts in the state. POPULATION BY COUNTIES IN 1S7O, 1S76, l88o. Adair , Andrew . Atchison Audrain . Barry . . Bates Benton ... Bollinger . . , Boone . . . . , Buchanan . . Butler . . . . , Caldwell . . . Callaway. . . Camden . . . Cape Girardeau , Carroll ... Carter .... Cass . . . . . 1870. 1S76. 18S0. 11,449 •3 774 15,190 »S,'37 •4,'J92 16,318 8,440 10,925 •4,565 12,307 »S.'57 •9.739 10,373 11,146 14,424 S.087 6,900 •0,332 15,960 17,484 25.382 11,322 11.027 12,398 8,162 8,884 ••,■32 20,765 $•,923 25424 3S.'09 38,165 49.824 4,298 4,363 6,011 H,390 12,200 •3.654 19,202 25,257 23,670 6,108 7,027 7.269 "7 558 17891 20998 17.445 21,518 23.300 •,455 •,549 2,168 19,296 18,069 22,431 l8 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. Cedar Chariton Christian Clark Clinton Cole Cooper Crawford Dade Dallas Daviess DeKalb Dent Douglas Dunkin Franklin Gasconade Gentry Greene Grundy ■.. Harrison Henry Hickory Holt Howard Howell Iron Jackson Jasper , Jefferson , Johnson ,, Knox Laclede Lafayette ,. Lawrence Lewis Lincoln Linn. . Livingston McDonald ,. Macon. , Madison Maries Marion Mercer Miller Mississippi Moniteau Monroe Montgomery Morgan New Madrid ,...-• Newton 9.474 9,912 10,747 19.136 23,294 25,224 6,707 7,936 9.632 13.667 '4.549 15,631 14063 13,698 16,073 10,292 14,122 15.519 20,692 21,356 21,622 7,982 9,391 10,763 8683 11,089 12,557 8,383 8,073 9,272 14.410 16,557 19.174 9,858 11,159 13.343 6,357 7,401 10647 3,91s 6,461 7,753 5.982 6,255 9,604 3009S 26,924 26,536 10,093 11,160 11,153 11,607 12,673 17,188 21,549 24,693 28,8.7 10,567 13,071 15,201 14,635 18,530 20,318 17,401 18,465 23,914 6,452 5,870 7,388 11,652 13,245 15,510 17,233 17,815 18,428 4,218 6,756 8,814 6,278 6,623 8,183 55.041 54,045 82,328 14,928 29,384 32,021 15.3S0 16,186 18,736 24,648 23,646 28,177 10,974 12,678 13.047 9.380 9.845 11,524 22,624 22,204 25.761 13,067 13,054 17.585 15, "4 16,360 15,925 « 5,960 16,858 17,443 15,906 18,110 20,016 16,730 IS074 20,205 5,226 6,072 7,816 23,230 25,028 26,223 5,849 8,750 8,866 5,916 6,481 7,304 23,780 22,794 24,837 ",557 13.393 14,674 6,616 8,529 9,807 4,982 7,498 9,270 13,375 13,084 14349 17.149 17,751 19.07s 10,405 14,41s 16,250 8,434 9,529 •0,134 6,357 6,673 7,694 12,821 16,87s .8,94» HISTORY OF MISSOURI. I9 Nodaway I4.7S« 23.196 29,5(10 Oregon 3,287 4,469 5J91 Osage 10,793 ix,2oO 11,824 O^'k 3,3(>3 4,579 S.6'8 Pemiscot 2,059 2,573 4.299 I'erry 9,877 11,189 1 1 895 Pettis l8,yo6 23,167 27,285 Phelps 10,506 9.919 12,565 Pike 23,076 22,828 26,716 "«te 17,352 15,948 17,372 Po"' 14,445 13.467 15.745 Pulaski 4,714 6,157 7,250 Putnam 11,217 12,641 13,556 flails 10,510 9,997 11.S38 Randolph 15.908 19.173 22751 Ray 18.700 18.394 20,196 Reynolds 3.756 4,716 S.722 RMey 3.'75 3,913 5.377 St. Charles , 21,304 21,821 23,060 St. Clair 6,742 11,242 14,126 St. Francois 9,742 11,621 13,822 Ste. Genevieve 8,384 9,409 10,309 St. Louis* 35>.'89 . . . 31,888 Saline 21,672 27,087 29,912 Schuyler 8,820 9,881 10,470 Scotland 10,670 12,030 12,507 Scott 7,317 7,312 8,587 Shannon 2,339 3,236 3,44' Shelby 10,119 13,243 14,024 Stoddard 8,535 10,888 13,432 Stone 3,253 3,544 4,405 Sullivan 11.907 14,039 '6,569 Taney ; 4,407 6,124 5,605 Texas 9,618 10,287 12,207 Vernon 11,247 I4.4'3 '9.37° Warren 9,673 10,321 10,806 Washington 11,719 13,100 12,895 Wayne •••.., 6,068 7,006 9,097 Webster , 10,434 10,684 12,175 Worth 5,004 7,164 8,208 Wright 5,684 6,124 9,733 City of St. Louis ... ... 350,522 1,721,295 1,547,030 2,168,804 Males 1,127,424 Females 1,041,380 Native 1,957,564 Foreign 211,240 White 2,023,568 Coloredf >45>236 *St. Louis city and county separated in 1877. Population for 1876 not given. flncluding 92 Chinese, 2 half Chinese, and 96 Indians and half-breed*. HISTORY OF MISSOURI. CHAPTER Til. GEOLOGY OF MISSOURI. CLASSIFrCATION OF ROCKS— QUATERNARY FORMATION-TERTIARY-CRETACEOUS— CAR- BONIFEROUS— DEVONIAN - SILURIAN— AZOIC— ECONOMIC GEOLOGY-COAL— IRON- LEAD— COPPER— ZINC— BUILDING STONE — MARBLE — GYPSUM— LIME — PAINTS- SPRINGS— WATER POWER. The stratified rocks of Missouri, as classified and treated of by Prof. G. C. Swallow, belong to the following divisions: I. Quaternary ; II. Ter- tiary ; III. Cretaceous ; IV. Carboniferous ; V. Devonian ; VI. Silurian ; VII. Azoic. The Quaternary formations are the most recent and the most val- uable to man ; valuable, because they can be more readily utilized. The Quaternary formation in Missouri, embraces the Alluvium, 30 feet thick; Bottom Prairie, 30 feet thick; Bluff, 200 feet thick; and Drift, 155 feet thick. The latest deposits are those which constitute the Allu- vium, and includes the soils, pebbles and sand, clays, vegetable mold, bog, iron ore, marls, etc. The Alluvium deposits cover an area, within the limits of Missouri, of more than four million acres of land, which are not surpassed for fer- tility by any region of country on the globe. The Bluff Prairie formation is confined to the lowlands, which are washed by the two great rivers which course our eastern and western boundaries, and while it is only about half as extensive as the Alluvial, it is equally as rich and productive." " The Bluff formation," says Professor Swallow, " rests upon the ridges and river bluffs, and descends along their slopes to the lowest valleys, the formation capping all the bluffs of the Missouri from Fort Union to its mouth, and those of the Mississippi from Dubuque to the mouth of the Ohio. It forms the upper stratum beneath the soil of all the high lands, both timber and prairies, of all the counties north of the Osage and Missouri, and also St. Louis, and the Mississippi counties on the south. Its greatest development is in the counties on the Missouri River, from the Iowa line to Boonville. In some localities it is 200 feet thick. At St. Joseph it is 140 ; at Boonville 100 ; and at St. Louis, in St. George's quarry, and the Big Mound, it is about 50 feet ; while its greatest observed thickness in Marion County was only 30 feet." The Drift formation is that which lies beneath the Bluff formation, having, as Prof. Swallow informs us, three distinct deposits, to wit : " Altered Drift, which are strata of sand and pebbles, seen in the banks of the Missouri, in the northwestern portion of the state. HISIURV OF MISSOURI, 21 The lioulder formation is a heteroe. Where barren wild usurped the sceaOb SOME FIRST THINGS. The first marriage that took place in Missouri was April 20, 1766, in St. Louis. The first baptism was performed in May, 1776, in St. Louis. The first house of worship (Catholic), was erected in 1775, at St. Louis. The first ferry established in 1805, on the Mississippi River, at St. Louis. The first newspaper established in St. Louis (Missouri Gazette) in 1808. The first postoffice was established in 1S04, in St. Louis — Rufus Easton, postmaster. The first Protestant church erected at Ste. Genevieve, in 1806 — Baptist. The first bank established, (Bank of St. Louis), in 1814. The first market house opened in 181 1, in St. Louis. The first steamboat on the Upper Mississippi was the General Pike, Capt. Jacob Reid ; landed at St. Louis, 18 17. The first board of trustees for public schools appointed in 18 17, St. Louis. The first college built, (St. Louis College), in 18 17. The first steamboat that came up the Missouri River as hi^'h as Franklin was the Independence, in 1819; Capt. Nelson, master. The first court house erected in 1823, in St. Louis. The first cholera appeared in St. Louis in 1832. The first railroad convention held in St. Louis, .\[)ril 20, 1836. The first telegraph lines reached East St. Louis, December jo, 1847. The first great fire occurred in St. Louis, 1849. 32 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. CHAPTER V. TERRITORIAL ORGANIZATION. ORGANIZATION 1812-COUNCIL-HOUSK OF REPRESENTATIVES-WM. CLARK FIRST TER- KiTUKlAL GOVERNOR— EDWARD HEMPS I'EAD FIRST DELEGATE— SPANISH GRANTS —FIRST GENERAL ASSEMBLY-PROCEEDINGS-SECOND ASSEMBLY— PROCEEDINGS- POPULATION OF TERRITORY -VOTE OF TERRITORY- RUFUS EASTON - ABSENT MEMBERS-THIRD ASSEMBLY-PROCEEDINGS-APPLICA-PIGN FOR ADMISSION. Congress organized Missouri as a territory July 4, 16 12, with a Gov- ernor and General Assembly. The Governor, Legislative Council and House of Representatives exercised the legislative power of the terri- tory, the Governor's vetoing power being absolute. The Legislative Council was composed of nine members, whose tenure of office lasted five years. Eighteen citizens were nominated by the House of Representatives to the President of the United States, from whom he selected, with the approval of the Senate, nine Council- lors to compose the Legislative Council. The House of Representatives consisted of members chosen every two years by the people, the basis of representation being one member for every five hundred white males. The first House of Representatives consisted of thirteen members, and, by act of Congress, the whole num- ber of Representatives could not exceed twenty-five. The judicial power of the territory was vested in the Superior and Inferior Courts, and in the Ju.stices of the Peace ; the Superior Court having three judges, whose term of office continued four years, having original and appellate jurisdiction in civil and criminal cases. The Territory could send one delegate to Congress. Governor Clark issued a proclamation, October 1st, 1812, required by Congress, reorganizing the districts of St. Charles, St. Louis, Ste. Genevieve, Cape Girardeau and New Madrid into five counties, and fixed the second Mon- day in November following for the election of a delegate to Congress, and the members of the Territorial House of Representatives. William Clark, of the expedition of Lewis and Clark, was the first Territorial Governor, appointed by the President, who began his duties in 1813. Edward Hempstead, Rufus Easton, Samuel Hammond and Matthew Lyon were candidates in November for delegates to Congress. Edward Hempstead was elected, being the first Territorial Delegate to Congress from Missouri. He served one term, declining a second, and was instrumental in having Congress to pass the act of June 13, 1812, which he introduced, confirming the title to lands which were claimed HISTORY OF JriSSOURI. 33 by the people by virtue of Spanish grants. The same act confirmed to the people "for the support of schools," the title to village lots, out-lots or common field-lots, which were held and enjoyed by them at the time of the cession of 1803. Under the act of June 4, 1812, the first General Assembly held its session in the house of Joseph Robidoux, on the 7th of December, 1812. The names of the members of the House were : St. Charles. — John Pitman and Robert Spencer. St. Louis. — David Music, Bernard G. Farrar, William C. Carr and Richard Clark. Ste. Genevieve. — George Bullet, Richard S. Thomas and Isaac McGready. Cape Girardeau. — George F. Bollinger and Spencer Byrd. New Mad.rid. — John Shrader and Samuel Phillips. John B. C. Lucas, one of the Territorial Judges, administered the oath of office. William C. Carr was elected Speaker and Andrew Scott, Clerk. The House of Representatives proceeded to nominate eighteen per- sons from whom the President of the United States, with the Senate, was to select nine for the Council. From this number the President chose the following : St. Charles. — James Flaughcrty and Benjamin Emmons. St. Louis. — August Choteau, Sr. and Samuel Hammond. Ste. Genevieve. — John Scott and James Maxwell. Cape Girardeau. — William Neely and Joseph Cavenor. New Madrid. — Joseph Hunter. The Legislative Council, thus chosen by the President and Senate, was announced by Frederick Bates, Secretary and Acting-Governor of the Territory, by proclamation, June 3, 1813, and fixing the fir^t Monday in July following as the time for the meeting of the Legislature. In the meantime the duties of the executive office were assumed by William Clark. The Legislature accordingly met as required by the Acting-Governor's proclamation, in July, but its proceedings were "never officially published. Consequently but little is known in reference to the workings of the first Territorial Legislature of Missouri. From the imperfect account, published in the Missouri Gazette, of that day, a paper which had been in existence since 1808, it is found that laws were passed regulating and establishing weights and measures ; creating the office of sheriff ; providing the manner for taking the census ; permanently fi.xing the seats of justice, and an act to compensate its own members. At this session laws were also passed defining crimes and penalties ; laws in reference to forcible entry and detainer ; estab- lishing Courts of Common Pleas ; incor[)(jrating the Bank of St. Louis and organizing a part of Ste. Genevieve County into the county of Washington. 34 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. Th« next session of the Legislature convened in St. I.ouis, Decem- ber 6, 1813. George Bullet, of Ste. Genevieve county, was Speaker elect, Andrew Scott, clerk, and William Sullivan, doorkeeper. Since the adjournment of the former Legislature several vacancies had occurrel, and new members had been elected to fill their places. Among these was Israel McGready, from the county of Washington. The president of the legislative council was Samuel Hammond. No journal of the council was officially published, but the proceedings of the House are found in the Gazette. At this session of the Legislature many wise and useful laws were passed, having reference to the temporal as well as the moral and spirit- ual welfare of the people. Laws were enacted for the suppression of vice and immorality on the Sabbath day ; for the improvement of pub- lic roads and highways ; creating the offices of auditor, treasurer and county surveyor ; regulating the fiscal affairs of the Territory and fixing the boundary lines of New Madrid, Cape Girardeau, Washington and St. Charles Counties. The Legislature adjourned on the 19th of January, 18 14, sine die. The population of the territory as shown by the United States census in 1810, was 20,845. The census taken by the Legislature in 1814 gave the territory a population of 25,000. This enumeration shows the county of St. Louis contained the greatest number of inhabitants, and the new county of Arkansas the least — the latter having 827, and the former 3,149. The candidates for delegate to Congress were Rufus Easton, Samuel Hammond, Alexander McNair and Thomas F. Riddick. Rufus Easton and Samuel Hammond had been candidates at the preceding election. In all the counties, excepting Arkansas, the votes aggregated 2,599, "f which number Mr. Easton received 965, Mr. Hammond 746, Mr. NcNair 853, and Mr. Riddick (who had withdrawn previously to the election) 35. Mr. Easton was elected. The census of 1814, showing a large increase in the population of the territory, an apportionment was made increasing the number of repre- sentatives in the territorial Legislature to twenty-two. The General Assembly began its session in St. Louis, December 5, 1814. There were present on the first day twenty Representatives. James Caldwell of Ste. Genevieve county was elected speaker, and Andrew Scott, who had been clerk of the preceding assembly, was chosen clerk. The president of the council was William Neely, of Cape Girardeau County. It appears that James Maxwell, the absent member of the council, and Seth Emmons, member elect of the House of Representatives, were dead. The county of Lawrence was organized at this session, from the western part of New Madrid County, and the corporate powers of St. Louis were enlarged. In 1815 the territorial Legislature again began its HISTORY OF MISSOURL 35 session. Only a partial report of its proceedings are given in the Gazette. The county of Howard was then organized from St. Louis and St. Charles Counties, and included all that part of the state lying north of the Osage and south of the dividing ridge between the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers. The ne.xt session of the territorial Legislature commenced its ses- sion in December, i8i6. During the sitting of this Legislature many im|)ortant acts were passed. It was then that the "Bank of Missouri" was chartered and went into operation. In the fall of 1817 the " Bank of St. Louis" and the "Bank of Missouri" were issuing bills. An act was passed chartering lottery companies, chartering the academy at Potosi, and incorporating a board of trustees for superintending the schools in the town of St. Louis. Laws were also passed to encourage the "killing of wolves, panthers and wild-cats." The territorial Legislature met again in December, 1818, and among other things, organized the counties of Pike, Cooper, Jefferson, Franklin, Wayne, Lincoln, Madison, Montgomery, and three counties in the southern part of Arkansas. It 1 8 19 the Territory of Arkansas was formed into a separate government of its own. The people of the Territory of Missouri had been, for some time, anxious that their territory should assume the duties and responsibilities of a sovereign state. Since 1812, the date of the organization of the territory, the population had rapidly increased, many counties had been established, its commerce had grown into importance, its agricultural and mineral resources were being developed, and believing that its admission into the Union as a state would give fresh impetus to all these interests and hasten its settlement, the territorial Legislature of 18 18-19 accordingly made application to Congress for the passage of an act authorizing the people of Missouri to organize a state government. CHAPTER Vr. APPLICATION OF MISSOURI TO BE ADMITTED INTO THE UNION- AGITATION OF THE SLAVERY QUKSTION-- MISSOURI COMPROMISE "-CONsrnUTIONAL CONVtNTlON OF iSjo— CONSTITUTION PRESENTED TO CONURESS-FII KTHER RESISTANCb. TO AU.MISSION-MR. CLAY AND HIS COMMITTEE MAKE REPORT-SECOND CO.MPROMISE —MISSOURI ADMITTED. With the application of the territorial Legislature of Missouri for her admission into the Union commenced the real agitation of the slavery question in the United States. 36 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. Not only was our National Legislature the theatre of angry discus- sions, but everywhere throughout the length and breadth of the Repub- lic the "Missouri Question" was the all-absorbing theme. The political skies threatened, *' In forked flashes, a commanding tempest," Which was liable to burst upon the nation at any moment. Through such a crisis our country seemed destined to pass. The question as to the admission of Missouri was to be the beginning of this crisis, which distracted the public counsels of the nation for more than forty years afterward. Missouri asked to be admitted into the great family of states. "Lower Louisiana," her twin sister territory, had knocked at the door of the Union eight years previously, and was admitted, as stipulated by Napoleon, to all the rights, privileges and immunities of a state, and in accordance with the stipulations of the same treaty, Missouri now sought to be clothed with the same rights, privileges and immuMties. As what is known in the history of the United St. .>.s as the "Mis- souri Compromise," of 1820, takes rank among the most prominent measures that had up to that day engaged the attention of our National Legislature, we shall enter somewhat into its details, being connected as they are with the annals of the state. February i^ik, 181Q. — After the House had resolved itself into a committee of the whole on the bill to authorize the admission of Mis- souri into the Union, and after the question of her admission had been discussed for some time, Mr. Tallmadge, of New York, moved to amend the bill by adding to it the following proviso : "And Provided, That the further introduction of slavery or involun- tary servitude be prohibited, except for the punishment of crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, and that all children born within the said state, after the admission thereof into the Union, shall be free at the age of twenty-five years." As might have been expected, this proviso precipitated the angry discussion which lasted for nearly three years, finally culminating in the Missouri Compromise. All phases of the slavery question were presented, not only in its moral and social aspects, but as a great constitutional question, affecting Missouri and the admission of future states. The pro- viso, when submitted to a vote, was adopted — 79 to 67, and so reported to the House. Hon John Scott, who was at that time a delegate from the Territory of Missouri, was not permitted to vote, but as such delegate, he had the privilege of participating in the debates which followed. On the 16th day of February the proviso was taken up and discussed. After several speeches had been made, among them one by Mr. Scott and one by the HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 37 lutlior of the proviso, Mr. Tallmadge, the amendment or proviso was livided into two parts, and voted upon. The first part of it, wliich included all to the word "convicted," was adopted — ^87 to 76. The remainins4 part was then voted upon, and also adopted, by 82 to 78. By a vt>te of 97 to 56 the bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading. The Senate Committee, to whom the bill was referred, reported the same to rhe Senate on the lOth of February, when that body voted first upon a motion to strike our of the proviso all after the word "convicted." which was carried by a vote of 32 to 7. It then voted to strike our the first entire clause, which prevailed —22 to i6, thereby defeating the ])roviso. The House declined to concur in the action of the Senate, and the bill was again returned to that body, which in turn refused to recede from its position. The bill was lost, and Congress adjourned. This was most unfortunate for the country. The people having been wrought up tc fever heat over the agitation of the question in the national councils, now became intensely e.Kcited. The press added fuel to the flame, and the progress of events seemed rapidly tending to the downfall of our nationality. A long interval of nine months was to ensue before the meeting of Congress. That body indicated by its vote upon the "Missouri ques- tion " that the two great sections of the country were politically divided upon the subject of slavery. The restrict've clause, which it was sought to impose upon Missouri as a condition of her admission, would in all probability be one of the conditions of the admission of the Territory of Arkansas. The public mind was in a state of great doubt and uncer- tainty up to the meeting of Congress, which took place on the 6th of December, 1819. The memorial of the Legislative Council and House of Representatives of the Missouri Territory, praying for admission into the Union, was presented to the Senate by Mr. Smith, of South Carolina It was referred to the Judiciary Committee. Some three weeks having passed without any action thereon by the Senate, the bill was taken up and discussed by the House until the 19th of February, when the bill from the Senate for the admission of Maine was considered. The bill for the admission of Maine included the "Mis- souri question" by an amendment, which reads as follows: "A/ii/ be it further enacted. That in all territory ceded by France to the United States, under the name of Louisiana, which lies north of thirty-six degrees and thirty minutes, north latitude, (excepting such part thereof as i.s) included within the limits of the state, contemplated by this act, slavery and involuntary servitude, otherwise than in the punishment of crimes, whereof the party shall have been convicted, shall be and is hereby forever prohibited : Provided akvays. That any person escaping into the same, from whom labor or service is lawfully claimed, 38 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. in any state or territory of the United States, such fugitive may be law- fully reclaimed and conveyed to the person claiming his or her labor or service as aforesaid." The Senate adopted this amendment, which formed the basis of the " Missouri Compromise," modified afterward by striking out the words, "excepting oily such part thereof" The bill passed'the Senate by a vote of 24 to 20. On the 2d day of March the House took up the bill and amendments for consideration, and by a vote of 134 to 42 concurred in the Senate amendment, and the bill, being passed by the two Houses, constituted section 8, of " An Act to authorize the people of the Missouri Territory to form a Constitution and State Government, and for the admission of such state into the Union on an equal footing with the original states, and to prohibit slaverj' in certain territory." This act was approved March 6, 1820. Missouri then contained fif- teen organized counties. By act of Congress the people of said state were authorized to hold an election on the first Monday, and two suc- ceeding days thereafter in May, 1820, to select representatives to a state convention. This convention met in St. Louis on the 12th of June, fol- lowing the election in May, and concluded its labors on the 1.9th of July, 1820. David Barton was its president, and Wm. G. Pettis, secretary. There were forty-one members of this convention, men of ability and statesmanship, as the admirable constitution which they framed amply testifies. Their names and the counties represented by themi are as follows : Cape Girardeau. — Stephen Byrd, James Evans, Richard S. Thomas, Alexander Buckner and Joseph McFerron. Cooper.— Kohftrt P. Clark, Robert Wallace, Wm. Lillard. Franklin. — John G. Heath. Hozi'ard. —N\c\\o\a.s S. Burkhart, Duff Green, John Ray, Jonathan S. Findley, Benj. H. Reeves. Jefferson. — Daniel Hammond. Lincoln. — Malcolm Henry. Montgomery. — Jonathan Ramsey, James Talbott. Madison. — Nathaniel Cook. New Madrid.— KoheiXt S. Dawson, Christopher G. Houts. Pike. — Stephen Cleaver. St. Charles. — Benjamin Emmons, Nathan Boone, Hiram H. Baber. Ste. Gene7'icTe.—]ohn D. Cook, Henry Dodge, John Scott, R. T. Brown. St. Lo7tis.—DiLv\d Barton, Edward Bates, Alexander McNair, Wm. Rector, John C. Sullivan, Pierre Choteau. Jr., Bernard Pratte, Thomas F. Riddick. Washington— ]o\m Rice Jones, Samuel Perry, John Hutchings. IVayne. — Elijah Betti.s. HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 39 On the 13th of November, 1S20, Congress met ap^in, and on the 6th of the same month Mr. Scott, the delejjate from Missouri, presented to the House the constitution as framed by the convention. The same was referred to a select committee, who made thereon a favorable report. The admission of the state, however, was resisted, because it was claimed that its constitution sanctioned slavery, and authorized the Legislature to pass laws preventing free negroes and mulattoes from settling in the state. The report of the committee to whom was referred the Constitution of Missouri was accompanied by a preamble and reso- lutions, offered by Mr. Lowndes, of South Carolina. The preamble and resolutions were stricken out. The application of the state for admission shared the same fate in the Senate. The question was referred to a select committee, who, on the 29th of November, reported in favor of admitting the state. The debate which followed continued for two weeks, and finally Mr. Eaton, of Tennessee, offered an amendment to the resolution, as follows : " Provided, That nothing herein contained shall be so construed as to give the assent of Congress to any provision in the Constitution of Missouri, if any such there be, which contravenes that clause in the Constitution of the United States which declares that the citizens of each state shall be entitled to all the privileges and immunities ef citi- zens in the several states." The resolution, as amended, was adopted. The resolution and pro- viso were again taken up and discussed at great length, when the com- mittee agreed to report the resolution to the House. The question on agreeing to the amendment, as reported from the committee of the whole, was lost in the House. A similar resolution afterward passed the Senate, but was again rejected in the House. Then it was that the great statesman and pure patriot, Henry Clay, of Ken- tucky, feeling that the hour had come when angry discussion should cease : "With grave Aspect he rose, and in his rising seem'4 A pillar of state ; deep on his front engraves Deliberation sat and public care ; And princely counsel in his face yet shone Majestic" ♦ • • • • proposed that the question of Missouri's admission be referred to a com- mittee consisting of twenty-three persons, (a number equal to the number of states then composing the Union,) to be appointed to act in conjunction with a committee of the Senate to consider and report whether Missouri should be admitted, etc. The motion prevailed, the committee was appointed and Mr. Clay made its chairman. The Senate selected seven of its members to act 40 HISTORY OF MISSOURI, with the committee of twenty-three, and the 26th of February the fol- lowing report was made by that committee: "Resolved, by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled : That Missouri shall be admitted into the Union, on an equal footing with the original states, in all respects whatever, upon the fundamental condition that the fourth clause, of the twenty-sixth section of the third article of the Constitu- tion submitted on the part of said state to Congress, shall never be con- strued to authorize the passage of any law, and that no law shall be passed in conformity thereto, by which any citizen of either of the states in this Union shall be excluded from the enjoyment of any of the privi- leges and immunities to which such citizen is entitled, under the Con- stitution of the United States ; Provided, That the Legislature of said state, by a solemn public act, shall declare the assent of the said state to the said fundamental condition, and shall transmit to the President of the United States, on or before the fourth Monday in November next, an authentic copy of the said act ; upon the receipt whereof, the Presi- dent, by proclamation, shall announce the fact ; whereupon, and without any further proceeding on the part of Congress, the admission of the said state into the Union shall be considered complete." This resolution, after a brief debate, was adopted in the House, and passed the Senate on the 28th of February, 1821. At a special session of the Legislature held in St. Charles, in June following, a solemn public act was adopted, giving its assent to the con- ditions of admission, as expressed in the resolution of Mr. Clay. August 10th, 1821, President Monroe announced by proclamation the admission of Missouri into the Union to be comolete. CHAPTER VII. MISSOURI AS A STATE. FIRST ELKCTION FOR GOVERNOR AND OTHER STATE OFFICERS— SENATORS AND REP- RESENTATIVES TO GEMERAL ASSEMBLY-SHERIFFS AND CORONERS — UNITED STATES SENATORS-REPRESENTATIVES IN CONGRESS-SUPREME COURT JUDGES- COUNTIES ORGANIZED-CAPITAL MOVED TO ST. CHARLES— OFFICIAL RECORD OF TERRITORIAL AND STATE OFFICERS. By the Constitution adopted by the Convention on the 19th of July, 1S20, the General Assembly was required to meet in St. Louis on the third Monday in September of that year, and an election was ordered to HISTOKX OF MISSOURI 4I be held on the 28th of Aiirjust for the election of a Governor and other state officers, Senators and Representatives to the General Assembly, Sheriffs and Coroners, United States Senators and Representatives in Congress. It will be seen that Missouri had not as yet been admitted as a State, but in anticipation of that event and according to the provisions of the constitution the election was held, and the General Assemby con- vened. W'illiam Clark ("who had been Governor of the territory) and Alex- antler McNair were candidates for Governor. McNair received 6,576 votes, Clark 2,556, total vote of the state 9,132. There were three can- didates for Lieutenant Governor, to wit : William H. Ashley, Nathaniel Cook and Henry Elliot. Ashley received 3,907 votes. Cook 3,212, Elliot 931. A Representative was to be elected for the residue of the Si.x- tcenth Congress and one for the Seventeenth. John Scott, who was at the time territorial delegate, was elected to both Congresses without opposition. The General Assembly elected in August met on the 19th Septem- ber, 1820, and organized by electing James Caldwell, of Ste. Genevieve, Speaker, and John McArthur, Clerk; William H. Ashley, Lieutenant Governor, President of the Senate ; Silas Rent, President pro tern. Matthias McKirk, John D. Cook and John R. Jones were appointed Supreme Judges, each to hold office until sixty-five years of age. Joshua Barton was appointed Secretary of State ; Peter Didier, State Treasurer; Edward Bates, Attorney General, and William Christie, Auditor of Public Accounts. David Barton and Thomas H. Benton were elected by the General Assembly to the United States Senate. At this session of the Legislature the counties of Boone, Callaway, Chariton, Cole, Gasconade, Lillard, Percy, Ralls, Ray and Saline were organized. We slwuld like to give in detail the meetings and proceedings of the different Legislatures which followed, the elections for Governors and other state officers, the elections for Congressmen and United States Senators, but for want of space we can only present in a condensed form the official record of the territorial and state officers. OFFICIAL RECORD— TERRITORIAL OFFICERS. Go'irriiors. — Frederick Bates, Secretary and Acting-Go\ernor, 1812-13; William Clark, 1813-20. OFFICERS OF STATE GOVERNMENT. Governors. — Alexander McNair, 1820-24; Frederick Bates, 1824-25 ; Abraham J. Williams vice Bates, 1825; John Miller vice Bates, 1826-28; 42 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. John Miller, 1828-32 ; Daniel Dunklin, 1832-36, resigned, appointed Sur- veyor General United States ; Lilburn W. Boggs vice Dunklin, 1836 ; Lilburn W. Boggs, 1836-40; Thomas Reynolds, 1840, died 1844; M. M. Marmaduke vice Reynolds — John C. Edwards, 1844-48 ; Austin A. King, 1848-52; Sterling Price, 1852-56; Trusten Polk, 1856-57, resigned; Hancock Jackson vice Polk, 1857; Robert M. Stewart vice Polk, 1857-60 ; C. F. Jackson, i860, office vacated by ordinance ; Hamilton R. Gamble vice Jackson, Governor Gamble died 1864; WilHard P. Hall, 1864, vice Gamble; Thomas C. Fletcher, 1864-68; Joseph W. McClurg, 1868-70; B. Gratz Brown, 1870-72; Silas Woodson, 1872-74; Charles H. Hardin, 1874-76; John S.Phelps, 1876-80; Thomas T.Crittenden, 1880, and is now Governor. Lieutenant-Govei-nors. — William H.Ashley, 1820-24; Benjamin A. Reeves, 1824-28; Daniel Dunklin, 1828-32; Lilburn W. Boggs, 1832-36; Franklin Cannon, 1836-40; M. M. Marmaduke, 1840-44; James Young, 1844-48-60; Thomas C. Reynolds, 1860-61; WilHard P. Hall, 1861-64- George Smith, 1864-68; Edward O. Stanard, 1868-70; Joseph J. Gravely, 1870-72; Charles P. Johnson, 1872-74; Norman J. Colman, 1874-76; Henry C. Brockmeyer, 1876-80; Robert Campbell, 1880, and is the pres- ent incumbent. Secretaries of State. — Joshua Barton, 1820-21 ; William G. Pettis, 1821-24; Hamilton R. Gamble, 1824-26; Spencer Pettis, 1826-28; P. H. McBride, 1829-30; John C. Edwards, 1830, term expired 1835, re-ap- pointed 1837, resigned 1837; Peter G. Glover, 1837-39; James L. Miner, 1639-45; F. H. Martin, 1845-49; Ephraim B. Ewing, 1849-52; John M. Richardson, 1852-56; Benjamin F. Massey, 1856-60, re-elected i860, for four years; Mordecai Oliver, 1861-64; Francis Rodman, 1864-68, re- elected 1868, for two years; Eugene F. Weigel, 1870-72, re-elected 1872, for two years; Michael K. McGrath, 1874, and is the present incumbent. State Treasurers. — Peter Didier, 1820-21 ; Nathaniel Simonds, 1821- 28 ; James Earickson, 1829-33 ; John Walker, 1833-38 ; Abrahani McClel- lan, 1838-43; Peter G. Glover, 1843-51; A. W. Morrison, 1851-60; Geo. C. Bingham, 1862-64; William Bishop, 1864-68; William Q. Dallmeyer, 1868-70; Samuel Hays, 1872; Harvey W. Salmon, 1872-74; Joseph W. Mercer, 1874-76; Elijah Gates, 1876-80; Phillip E. Chappel, 1880, and present incumbent. Attorneys General. — Edward Bates, 1820-21 ; Rufus Easton, 1821-26; Robert W. Wells, 1826-36; William B. Napton, 1836-39; S. M. Bay, 1839-45; B. F. Stringfellow, 1845-49; William A. Roberts, 1849-51; James B. Gardenhire, 1851-56; Ephraim W. Ewing, 1856-59; James P. Knott, 1859-61; Aikman Welsh, 1861-64; Thomas T. Crittenden, 1864; Robert F. Wingate, 1864-68; Horace P. Johnson, 1868-70; A. J. Baker, 1870-72; Henry Clay Ewing, 1872-74; John A. Hockaday, 1874-76; Jackson L. Smith, 1876-80; Mclntire, 18S0, and present incumbent. HISTORY OF MISSOURL 43 Auditors of Public Accounts. — William Christie, 1S20-21 ; William V. Rector, 1821-23; Elias Barcroft, 1S23-33; Henry Shurlds, 1833-35; Peter G. Glover, 1835-37; Hiram H. Baber, 1837-45; William Monroe, 1845; J. R. McUcrmon, 1845-48; George W. Miller, 1848-49; Wilson Brown, 1849-52; William H. Buffington, 1852-60; William S. Moseley, 1860-64; Alonzo Thompson, 1864-68; Daniel M. Draper, 1868-72; Geo. B. Clark, 1872-74; Thomas Holladay, 1874-80; John Walker, 1880, and present incumbent. Judges of Supreme Court. — Matthias McKirk, 1822-41 ; John D. Cooke, 1822-23; John R. Jones, 1822-24; Rufus Pettibone, 1823-25; George Tompkins, 1824-45; Robert Walsh, 1825-37; John C. Edwards, 1837-39; William Scott, appointed 1841 till meeting of General Assem- bly, in place of M. McKirk resigned, re-appointed 1843 ; P. H. McRride, 1845; William B. Napton, 1849-52; John F. Ryland, 1849-51; John H. Birch, 1849-51 ; William Scott, John F. Ryland and Hamilton R. Gamble elected by the people 1851 for six years ; Gamble resigned 1854; Abiel Leonard elected to fill vacancy of Gamble; William B. Napton (vacated by failure to file oath), William Scott and John C. Richardson (resigned), elected August, 1857, for six years; E. B. Ewing, 1859, to fill Richard- son's resignation ; Barton Bates appointed 1862 ; W. V. N. Bay appointed 1862; John D. S. Dryden, appointed 1862; Barton Bates, 1863-65; W. V. N. Bay, elected 1863 ; John D. S. Dryden, elected 1863 ; David Wag- ner, appointed 1865 ; Wallace L. Lovelace, appointed 1865 ; Nathaniel Holmes, appointed 1865; Thomas J. C. Fagg, appointed 1866; James Baker, appointed 1868; David Wagner, elected 1868-70; Philemon Bliss, 1868-70; Warren Currier, 1868-71 ; Washington Adams, appointed 1871 to fill Currier's place, who resigned; Ephraim B. Ewing, elected 1872; Thomas A. Sherwood, elected 1872; W. B. Napton, appointed 1873, in place of Ewing, deceased; Edward A. Seins, appointed 1874, in place of Adams, resigned; Warwick Hough, elected 1874; William B. Napton, elected 1874-80; John E. Henry, 1876-86; Robert Ray suc- ceeded William B. Napton in 1880; Elijah H. Norton, appointed in 1876— elected in 1878. United States Senators. — T. H. Benton, 1820-50; D. Barton, 1820- 30; Alex. Buckner, 1830-33; L. F. Linn, 1833-43; D. R. Atchison, 1843-55; H. S. Geyer, 1851-57; Jas. M. Green, 1857-61; T. Polk, 1857- 63 ; Waldo P. Johnson, 1861 ; Robt. Wilson, 1861 ; B. Gratz Brown, 1863, for unexpired term of Johnson; J. B. Henderson, 1863-69; Chas. D. Drake, 1867-70; Carl Schurz, 1869-75; D. F. Jewett, 1870, in place of Drake, resigned; F. P. Blair, 1871-77; L. V. Bogy, 1873; F. M. Cock- rell, 1875-81-; re-elected 1881 ; Geo. C. Vest, 1879. Representatives to Congress. — Jno. Scott, 1820-26: Ed. Bates, 1S2O- 28; Spencer Pettis, 1828-31 ; Wm. 'H. Ashley, 1831-36; Jolwi Bull. 1S32- 34; Albert G. Harrison, 1834-39; J""- Miller, 1836-43; John Jameson. 44 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. '^39-44, re-elected 1846 for two years; Jno. C. Edwards. 1840-42; Jas. M. Hughes, 1842-44; Jas. H. Relfe, 1842-46; Jas. B. Bowlin, 1842-50; Gustavus M. Boner, 1842-44; Sterling Trice. 1844-46; Wm. McDaniel, 1846; Leonard H. Sims, 1844-46; John S. Phelps, 1844-60; Jas. S. Green, 1S46-50, re-elected 1856, resigned; Willard P. Hall, 1846-53; Wm. V. N. Bay, 1848-61; John F. Darby, 1850-53; Gilchrist Porter, 1850-57; John G. Miller, 1850-56 ; Alfred W. Lamb, 1S52-54; Thos. H. Benton, 1852-54; Mordecai Oliver, 1852-57; Jas. J. Lindlcy, 1852-56; Samuel Caruthers, 1852-58; Thomas P. Akers, 1855, to fill unexpired term of J. G. Miller; Francis P. Blair, Jr., 1856, re-elected i860, resigned; Thomas L. Anderson, 1856-1860; James Craig, 1856-60; Samuel H. Woodson, 1856-60; John B. Clark, Sr., 1857-61 ; J. Richard Barrett, i860; John W. Noel, 1858-63; James S. Rollins, 1860-64; Elijah H. Norton, 1860-63; John W. Reid, 1860-61; William A. Hall, 1862-64; Thomas L. Price, 1862, in place of Reid, expelled; Henry T. Blow, 1862-66; Sempronius T. Boyd, elected in 1862, and again in 1868, for two years; Joseph W. McClurg, 1862-66; Austin A. King, 1862-64; Benjamin F. Loan, 1862-69; John G. Scott, 1863, in place of Noel, deceased; John Hogan, 1864-66; Thomas F. Noel, 1864-67; John R. Kelsoe, 1864-66; Robt. T. Van Horn, 1864-71 ; John F. Benjamin, 1864-71 ; George W. Anderson, 1864-69; William A. Pile, 1866-68; C. A. Newcomb, 1866-68; Joseph E. Gravely, 1866-68; James R. McCormack, 1866-73; John H. Stover, 1867, in place of McClurg, resigned; Erastus Wells, 1868-82; G. A. Finklin- burg, 1868-71; Samuel S. Burdett, 1868-71; Joel F. Asper, 1S68-70; David P. Dyer, 1868-70; Harrison E. Havens, 1870-75 ; Isaac C. Parker, 1870-75; James G. Blair, 1870-72; Andrew King; 1870-72; Edwin O. Stannard, 1872-74; William H. Stone, 1872-78; Robert A. Hatcher, elected 1872; Richard P. Bland, 1872; Thomas Crittenden, 1872-74; Ira B. Hyde, 1872-74; John B. Clark, 1872-78; John M. Glover, 1872 ; Aylett H. Buckner, 1872; Edward C. Kerr, 1874-78; Charles H. Morgan, 1874; John F. Phelps, 1874; B. J. Franklin, 1874; David Rea, 1874; Rezin A. DeBoet, 1874; Anthony Ittner, 1876; Nathaniel Cole, 1876; Robert A. Hatcher, 1876-78; R. P. Bland, 1876-78; A. H. Buckner, 1876-78 ; J. B. Clark, Jr., 1876-78; T. T. Crittenden, 1876-78; B. J. Franklin, 1876-78; Jno. M. Glover, 1876-78; Robert A. Hatcher, 1876-78; Chas. H. Morgan, 1876-78; L. S. Metcalfe, 1876-78; H. M. Pollard, 1876-78; David Rea, 1876-78; S. L. Sawyer, 1878-80; N. Ford, 1878-82; G. E. Rothwell, 1878-82; John B. Clark, Jr., 1878-82; W. H. Hatch, 1878-82; A. H. Buckner, 1878-82; M. L. Clardy, 1878-82; R. G. Frost, 1878-82; L. H. Davis, 1878-82; R. P. Bland, 1878-82; J. R. Waddill. 1878-80; T. Allen, 1880-82; R. Hazcltine, 1880-82; T. M. Rice, 1880-82; R. T. Van Horn, 1880-82. HISTORY OK MISSOURI. COUNTIES— WIIKN OKGANMZTiD. 45 Adair .......... January 29, Andrew January 29, Atchison January 14, Audrain December 17, Barry January 5, Barton December 12, Bates January 29, Benton January 3, Bollinger March i, • Boone November 16, Buchanan February 10, Butler February 27, Caldwell December 26, Callaway November 25, Camden January 29, Cape Girardeau ...... October i, Carroll January 3, Carter March 10, Cass. . . September 14, Cedar February 14. Chariton November 16, Christian March 8, Clark December 15, Clay January 2, Clinton January 15, Cole November 16, Cooper • . . . December 17, Crawford January 23, Dade January 29, Dallas December 10, Daviess December 29, DeKalb February 25, Dent February 10, Douglas October 19, Dunklin February 14, Franklin December 11, Gasconade November 25, Gentry February 12, Greene January 2, Grundy January 2, i^Iarrison February 14, Henry December 13, Hickory February 14, Holt February 15, Howard January 23, Howell March 2, Iron February 17, Jackson December 1 5, Jasper January 29, Jefferson December 8, lohnson December 13, 1S4. 1841 1845 1836 'S3S 1S3S 1841 1S3S 1851 1820 >839 1849 1S36 1820 1841 1812 1833 "859 '835 1845 1822 '833 1820 1818 1829 1 841 1844 1836 1845 .851 1857 1845 1818 1820 1841 1833 1843 1845 '834 1845 1 841 1816 1857 '857 1826 1841 1818 '834 Knox . February 14, 1S45 Laclede February 24, 1849 Lafayette November 16, 1820 Lawrence February 25, 1S45 Lewis January 2, 1S33 Lincoln December 14, 1S18 Linn January 7, 1837 Livingston January 6, 1S37 McDonald March 3, 1849 Macon January 6, 1S37 Madison December 14, 1818 Maries March 2, 1S55 Marion December 23, 1826 Mercer February 14, 1845 Miller February C, 1837 Mississippi February 14, 1845 Moniteau February 14, 1S45 Monroe January 6, 1831 Montgomery December 14, 1818 Morgan January 5, 1833 New Madrid October i, i8i2 Newton December 31, 1S38 Nodaway February 14, 1845 Oregon February 14, 1S45 Osage January 29 1841 Ozark January 29, 1S41 Pemiscot February 19, 1861 Perry November 16, 1820 Pettis January 26, 1833 Phelps November 13, 1857 Pike December 14, 181S Platte December 31, 1838 Polk March 13, 1S35 Pulaski ........ December 15, 1818 Putnam February 28, 1 845 Ralls November 16, 1820 Randolph January 22, 1829 Ray November 16, 1820 Reynolds February 25, 1845 Ripley January 5, 1833 St. Charles October i, 181 2 St. Clair January 29, 1841 St. Francois December 19, 1S21 Ste. Genevieve October i, 181 2 St. Louis October i, 1812 Saline November 25, 1S20 Schuyler February 14, 1S45 Scotland January 29, 1S41 Scott December 28, 1821 Shannon January 29, 1841 Shelby January 2, 1835 46 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. COUNTIES— WHEN OKGAmZED.—CoiUt'lll/cd. Stoddard January 2, 1 835 Stone February 10, 185 1 Sullivan February 16, 184.5 Taney January 16, 1837 Texas February 14, i8j)5 Vernun . ....... .February 17,1851 Warren January 5, 1833 Washington August 21, 1813 Wayne December 11, 181S Webster March 3, 1855 Worth February 8, 1S61 Wright January 29, 1S4I CHAPTER VIII. EARLY MILITARY RECORD. BLACK HAWK WAR-MORMON DIFFICULTIES— FLORIDA WAR— MEXICAN WAR. On the 14th day of May, 1832, a bloody engagement took place between the regular forces of the United States, and a part of the Sacs, Foxes and Winnebago Indians, commanded by Black Hawk and Keokuk, near Dixon's Ferry, in Illinois. The Governor (John Miller) of Missouri, fearing these savages would invade the soil of his state, ordered Maj'or-General Richard Gentry to raise one thousand volunteers for the defense of the frontier. Five com- panies were at once raised in Boone County, and in Callaway, Mont- gomery, St. Charles, Lincoln, Pike, Marion, Ralls, Clay and Monroe other companies were raised. Two of these companies, commanded respectively by Captain John Jaimison, of Callaway, and Captain David M. Hickman, of Boone Comity, were mustered into service in July for thirty days, and put under com- mand of Major Thomas W. Conyers. This detachment, accompanied by General Gentry, arrived at Fort Pike on the 1 5th of July, 1832. Finding that the Indians had not crossed the Mississippi into Missouri, Genesal Gentry returned to Columbia, leaving the fort in charge of Major Conyers. Thirty days having expired, the command under Major Conyers was relieved by two other com- panies under Captains Sinclair Kirtley, of Boone, and Patrick Ewing, of Callaway. This detachment was marched to Fort Pike by Col. Austin A. King, who conducted the two companies under Major Conyers home. Major Conyers was left in charge of the fort, where he remained until September following, at which time the Indian troubles, so far as Mis- souri was concerned, having all subsided, the frontier forces were mus- tered out of service. Black Hawk continued the war in Iowa and Illinois, and was finally defeated and captured in 1833. HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 47 MORMON niKFlCULTIES, In 1S32, Joseph Smith, the leader of the Mormons, and the chosen prophet and apostle, as he claimed, of the Most High, came with many followers to Jackson County, Missouri, where they located and entered several thousand acres of land. The object of his coming so far west — upon the very outskirts of civilization at that time — was to more securely establish his church, and the more effectively to instruct his followers in its peculiar tenets and practices. Upon the present town site of Independence the Mormons located their "Zion" and gave it the name of "The New Jerusalem." They pub lished here the Evening Star, and made themselves generally obnox- ious to the Gentiles, who were then in the minority, by their denunciatory articles through their paper, their clannishness and their polygamous practices. Dreading the demoralizing influence of a paper which seemed to be inspired only with hatred and malice toward them, the Gentiles threw the press and type into the Missouri river, tarred and feathered one of their bishops, and otherwise gave the Mormons and their leaders to understand that they must conduct themselves in an entirely different manner if they wished to be let alone. After the destruction of their paper and press they became furiously incensed, and sought many opportunities for retaliation. Matters con- tinued in an uncertain condition until the 31st of October, 1833, when a deadly conflict occurred near Westport, in which two Gentiles and one Mormon were killed. On the 2d of November following the Mormons were overpowered, and compelled to lay down their arms and agree to leave the country with their families by January 1st, on the condition that the owner would be paid for his printing press. Leaving Jackson County, they crossed the Missouri and located in Clay, Carroll, Caldwell and other counties, and selected in Caldwell County a town site, which they called "Far West," and where they entered more land for their future homes. Through the influence of their missionaries, who were exerting themselves in the East and in different portions of Europe, converts had constantly flocked to their standard, and "Far West" and other Mormon settlements rapidly prospered. In 1837 they commenced the erection of a magnificent tcm])le, but never finished it. As their settlements increased in numbers they became bolder in their practices and deeds of lawlessness. During the summer of 1838 two of their leaders settled in the town of DeWitt, on the Missouri River, having purchased the land from an 48 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. Illinois merchant. DeWitt was in Carroll County, and a good point from which to forward goods and immigrants to their town — Far West. Upon its being ascertained that these parties were Mormon leaders, the Gentiles called a public meeting, which was addressed by some of the prominent citizens of the county. Nothing, however, was done at this meeting, but at a subsequent meeting, which was held a few days afterward, a committee of citizens was appointed to notify Colonel Hinkle (one of the Mormon leaders at DeWitt), what they intended to do. Col. Hinkle, upon being notified by this committee, became indig- nant, and threatened extermination to all who should attempt to molest him or the Saints. In anticipation of trouble, and believing that the Gentiles would attempt to force them from UeVVitt, Mormon recruits flocked to the town from every direction, and pitched their tents in and around the town in great numbers. The Gentiles, nothing daunted, planned an attack upon this encamp- ment, to take place on the 2ist day of September, 1838, and, accordingly, one hundred and fifty men bivouacked near the town on that day. A conflict ensued, but nothing serious occurred. The Mormons evacuated their works and fled to some log houses, where they could the more successfully resist the Gentiles, vvho had in the meantime returned to their camp to await reinforcemencs. Troops from Howard, Ray and other counties came to their assistance, and increased their number to five hundred men. Congreve Jackson was chosen Brigadier General ; Ebenezer Price, Colonel ; Singleton Vaughn, Lieutenant Colonel, and Sarchel Woods, Major. After some days of discipline, this brigade prepared for an assault, but before the attack was commenced Judge James Earickson and William F. Dunnica, influential citizens of Howard County, asked permission of General Jackson to let them try and adjust the difficulties without any bloodshed. It was finally agreed that Judge Earickson should propose to the Mormons that, if they would pay for all the cattle they had killed belonging to the citizens, and load their wagons during the night and be ready to move by ten o'clock next morning, and make no further attempt to settle in Howard County, the citizens would purchase at first cost their lots in DeWitt and one or two adjoining tracts of land. Col. Hinkle, the leader of the Mormons, at first refused all attempts to settle the difficulties in this way, but finally agreed to the proposition. In accordance therewith, the Mormons, without further delay, loaded up their wagons for the town of Far West, in Caldwell Count}'. Whether the terms of the agreement were ever carried out on the part of the cit- izens, is not known. HISTORY OF MISSOURI 49 The Mormons had doubtless suffered much and in many ways — the result of their own acts— but their trials and sufferings were not at an end. In 1838 the discord between the citizens and Mormons became so great that Governor Boggs issued a proclamation ordering Major General David R. Atchison to call the militia of his division to enforce the laws. He called out a part of the First Brigade of the Missouri state militia, under command of General A. W. Doniphan, who proceeded to the seat of war. General John B. Clark, of Howard County, was placed in com- mand of the militia. The Mormon forces numbered about 1, 000 men, and were led by G. VV. Hinkle. The first engagement occurred at Crooked River, where one Mormon was killed. The principal fight took place at Haughn's Mills, where eighteen Mormons were killed and the balance captured, some of them being killed after they had surrendered. Only one militia- man was wounded. In the month of October, 1838, Joe Smith surrendered the town of Far West to General Doniphan, agreeing to his conditions, viz : That they should deliver up their arms, surrender their prominent leaders for trial, and the remainder of the Mormons should, with their families, leave the State. Indictments were found against a number of these leaders, including Joe Smith, who, while being taken to Boone County fur trial, made his escape, and was afterward, in 1844, killed at Carthage, Illinois, with his brother Hyrum. FLORIDA WAR. In September, 1S37, the Secretary of War issued a requisition on Governor Boggs, of Missouri, for six hundred volunteers, for service in Florida against the Seminole Indians, with whom the Creek nation had made common cause under Osceola. The first regiment was chiefly raised in Boone County by Colonel Richard Gentry, of which he was elected Colonel ; John W. Price, of Howard County, Lieutenant Colonel; Harrison H. Hughes, also of Howard, Major. Four companies of the Second regiment were raised and attached to the First. Two of these companies were composed of Delaware and Osage Indians. October 6, 1837, Colonel Gentry's regiment left Columbia for the seat of war, stopping on the way at Jefferson barracks, where they were mustered into service. Arriving at Jackson barracks. New Orleans, they were from thence transported in brigs across the Gulf to Tampa Bay, Florida. General Zachary Taylor, who then commanded in Florida, ordered Colonel Gentry to march to Okee-cho-bee Lake, one hundred and thirty-five miles inland by the route traveled, Jiaving reached the Kissimmee 50 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. River, seventy miles distant, a bloody battle ensued in which Colonel Gentry was killed. The Missourians, though losing their gallant leader, continued the fight until the Indians were totally routed, leaving many of their dead and wounded on the field. There being no further service required of the Missourians, they returned to their homes in 1838. MEXICAN WAR. Soon after Mexico declared war against the United States, on the 8th and 9th of May, 1846, the battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma were fought. Great excitement prevailed throughout the country. In none of her sister states however, did the fires of patriotism burn more intensely than in Missouri. Not waiting for the call for volunteers, the "St. Louis Legion" hastened to the field of conflict. The Legion was commanded by Colonel A. R. Easton. During the month of May, 1846, Governor Edwards, of Missouri, called for voluoteers to join the "Army of the West," an expedition to the Santa Fe — under command of General Stephen W. Kearny. Fort Leavenworth v/as the appointed rendezvous for the volunteers. By the i8th of June, the full complement of companies to compose the First Regiment had arrived from Jackson, Lafayette, Clay, Saline, Frank- lin, Cole, Howard and Callaway Counties. Of this regiment A. W. Don- iphan was made Colonel ; C. F. Ruff, Lieutenant-Colonel, and William Gilpin, Major. The battalion of light artillery from St. Louis, was com- manded by Captains R. A. Weightman and A. W. F"ischer, with Major M. L. Clark as field officer; battalions of infantry from Platte and Cole Counties, commanded by Captains Murphy and W. Z. Augney, respect- ively, and the "Laclede Rangers," from St. Louis, by Captain Thomas B. Hudson, aggregating, all told, from Missouri, 1,658 men. In the summer of 1846 Hon. Sterling Price resigned his seat in Congress, and raised one mounted regiment, one mounted extra battalion, and one extra battalion of Mormon infantry to reinforce the "Army of the West." Mr. Price was made Colonel, and D. D. Mitchell, Lieutenant-Colonel. In August, 1847, Governor Edwards made another requisition for one thousand men, to consist of infantry. The regiment was raised at once. John Dougherty, of Clay County, was chosen Colonel, but before the regi- ment marched the President countermanded the order. A company of mounted volunteers was raised in Ralls County, com- manded by Captain Wm. T. Lalfland. Conspicuous among the engage- ments in which the Missouri volunteers participated in Mexico were the battles of Brazito, Sacramento, Canada, El Embudo, Taos and Santa Cruz de Rosales. The forces from Missouri were mustered out in 1848, and will ever be remembered in the history of the Mexican war, for <'A thousand glorious actions that might claim Tiiumphant laurels, and immortal fame," HISTORY OF MI SOURL CHAPTER IX. CIVIL WAR IN MISSOURI. FORT SUMTER FIRFD UPON-CALL FOR 75.000 MF.N— GOV. JACKSON REFUSES TO FUR- NISH A MA\-U. S. ARSENAL AT LIBERTY, MO., SEIZED— PROCLAMATION OF GOV- ERNOR JACKSON — GENERAL ORDER NO. 7 - LEGISLATURE CONVENES — CAMP JACKSON ORGANIZED-STERLING PRICE APPOINTED MAJOR-GENERAL-FROST'S LETTER TO lYON-LVON-S LETTER TO FROST-SURRENDER OF CAMP JACKSON- PROCLAMATION OF GEN HARNEY-CONFERENCE BETWEEN PRICE AND HARNEY- HARNEY SUPERSEDED BY LYON-SECOND CONFERENCE-GOV. JACKSON BURNS THE BRIDGES HHHIND HIM-PROCLAMATION OF GOV. JACKSON-GEN. BLAIR TAKES POSSESSION OF JEFFERSON CITY-PROCLAMATION OF LYON— LYON AT SPRINGFIELD -STATE OFFICES 1.>F.CLARED VACANT— GEN. FREMONT ASSUMES COMMAND-PRO- CLAMATION OF LIEUT. GOV. REYNOLDS— PROCLAMATION OF JEFF. THOMPSON AND GOV. JACKSON-DEATH OF GEN. LYON-SUCCEEDED BY STURGIS-PROCLAMA- TION OF M'CULLOCH AND GAMBLE - MARTIAL LAW DECLARED— SECOND PRO- CLAMATION OF JEFF. THOMPSON-PRESIDENT MODIFIES FREMONT'S ORDER-FRE- MONT RELIEVED BY HUNTER— PROCLAMATION OF PRICE— HUNTER'S ORDER OF ASSESSMENT — HUNTER DECLARES MARTIAL LAW — ORDER RELATING TO NEWS- PAPERS-HALLECK SUCCEEDS HUNTER-HALLECK'S ORDER 81-SIMILAR ORDER BY HALLECK-BOONE COUNTY STANDARD CONFISCATED-EXECUTION OF PRISONERS AT MACON AND PALMYRA-GEN. EWING'S ORDER NO. ii-GEN. ROSECRANS TAKES COMMAND— MASSACRE AT CENTRALIA— DEATH OF BILL ANDERSON— GEN. DODGE SUCCEEDS GEN. ROSECRANS-LIST OF BATTLES. * Lastly stood war — With visage grim, stern looks, and blackly hued. Ah ! why will kings forget that they are men ? And men that they are brethren? Why delight In human sacrifice ? Why burst the ties Ot nature, that should knit their souls togethor In one bond of amity and love?" Fort Sumter wss fired upon April 12, 1861. On April I5tli, President Lincoln issued a proclamation, calling for 75,000 men, from the militia of the several states, to suppress combinations in the Southern States therein named. Simultaneously therewith the secretary of war sent a telegram to all the governors of the states, excepting those mentioned in the proclamation, requesting them to detail a certain number of militia to serve for three months, Missouri's quota being four regiments. In response to this telegram Gov. Jackson sent the following answer: Executive Department of Missouri, Jefferson City, April 17, 1861. To the Hon. Simon Cameron, Secretary of War, Washington, D. C: Sir: Your dispatch of the 15th inst., making a call on Missouri for four regiments of men for immediate service, has been received. There can be, I apprehend, no doubt but these men are intended to form a part of the President's army tO make war upon the people of the 52 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. seceded states. Your requisition, in my judgment, is illegal, unconsti- tutional, and cannot be complied with. Not one man will the State of Missouri furnish to carry on such an mnholy war. C. F. JACKSON, Governor of Missouri. April 21, l86l. U. S. Arsenal at Liberty was seized by order of Governor Jackson. April 22, i86i. Governor Jackson issued a proclamation convening the Legislature of Missouri in May following, in extra session, to take into consideration the momentuous issues, which were presented, and the attitude to be assumed by the state in the impending struggle. On the 22nd of April, i86i, the Adjutant-General of Missouri issued the following military order : Headquarters Adjutant-General's OFFfcE, Mo., Jefferson City, Apml 22, 1861. {General Order No. 7.) I. To attain a greater degree of efficiency and perfection in organi- zation and discipline, the commanding officers of th: several military districts in this state, having four or more legally trginized companicK therein, whose armories are within fifteen miles of cacii other, will assem- ble their respective commands at some place to be by them severally designated, on the 3rd of May, and to go into an encampment for a period of six days as provided by law. Captains of companies not organ- ized into battalions, will report the strength of their companies immedi- ately to these headquarters, and await further orders. II. The quartermaster-general will procure and issue to quarter- masters of districts, for these commands not now provided for, all nec- essary tents and camp equipage, to enable the commanding officers thereof to carry the foregoing orders into effect. III. The Light Battery now attached to the Southwest Battalion, and one company of mounted riflemen, including all officers and soldiers belonging to the First District, will proceed forthwith to St. Louis and report to Gen. D. M. Frost for duty. The remaining companies of said battalion will be disbanded for the purpose of assisting in the organiza- tion of companies upon that frontier. The details in the execution of the foregoing are intrusted to Lieutenant-Colonel John S. Bowen, com- manding the battalion. IV. The strength, organization and equipment of the several com- panies in the districts will be reported at once to these headquarters, and district inspectors will furnish all information which may be servie- able in ascertaining the condition of state forces. By order of the Governor. WARWICK HOUGH, Adjutant-General of Missouri. May 2, 1861. The Legislature convened in extra session. Many acts were passed among which was one to authorize the Governor to purchase or lease David Ballantine's foundry, at Boonville, for the man- ufacture of arms and munitions of war \ to authorize the governor to HISTORY OF MISSOURI. S3 appoint one major-general ; to authorize the governor, when In his opinion the security and welfare of the state required it, to take possession of the railroad and telegraph lines of the state ; to provide for the organ- ization, government and support of the military forces ; to borrow one million of dollars to arm and equip the militia of the state to repel invasion and protect the lives and property of the people. An act was also passed creating a "Military Fund," to consist of all the money then in the treasury or that might thereafter be received from the one-tenth of one per cent, on the hundred dollars, levied by act of November, 1857, to complete certain railroads ; also the proceeds of a tax of fifteen sents on the hundred dollars of the assessed value of the taxable property of the several counties in the state, and the proceeds of the two mill tax, which had been theretofore appropriated for educational purposes. May 3, 1861. "Camp Jackson" was organized. May lo, 1861. Sterling Price appointed major-general of state guard. May 10, 1861. General Frost, commanding "Camp Jackson," addiessed General N. Lyon, as follows: Headquarters Camp Jackson, Missouri Militia. May 10, 1861. Capt. N. Lyon, Commanding United States Troops in and about St. Louis Arsenal: Sir : — I am constantly in receipt of information that you contem- plate an attack upon my camp, whilst I understand that you are impressed with the idea that an attack upon the arsenal and United States troops is intended on the part of the Militia of Missouri. I am greatly at a loss to know what could justify you in attacking citizens of the United States, who are in lawful performance of their duties, devolving upon them under the constitution in organizing and instructing the militia of the state in obedience to her laws, and, therefore, have been disposed to doubt the correctness of the information I have received. I would be glad to know from you personally whether there is any truth in the statements that are constantly pouring into my ears. So far as regards any hostility being intended toward the United States, or its property or representatives by any portion of my command, or, as far as I can learn, (and I think I am fully informed,) of any other part of the state forces, I can positively say that the idea has never been enter- tained. On the contrary, prior to yOur taking command of the arsenal, I proffered to Mayor Bell, then in command of the very few troops con- stituting its guard, the services of myself and all my command, and, if necessary, the whole power of the state, to protect the United States in the full possession of all her property. Upon General Harney taking command of this department, I made the some proffer of services to him, and authorized his Adjutant General, Captain Williams, to communicate the fact that such had been done to the War Department. I have had no occasion since to change any of the views I entertained at the time, neither of my own volition nor through the orders of my constitutional commander. 54 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. I trust that after this explicit statement that we may be able, by fully understanding each other, to keep far from our borders the misfor- tunes which so unhappily affect our common country. This communication will be handed you by Colonel Bowen, my Chief of Staff, who will be able to explain anything not fully set forth in the foregoing. I am, sir, very respectfully your obedient servant, jRIGADIER GENERAL D. M. FROST, Commanding Camp Jackson, M. V. M. May ID, iS6i. General Lyon sent the following to General Frost: Headquarters United States Troops, St. Louis, Mo., May lo, 1861. General D. M. Frost, Commanding Camp Jackson: Sri< : — Your command is regarded as evidently hostile toward the Government of the United States. It is, for the most part, made up of those Secessionists who have openly avowed their hostility to the general government, and have been plotting at the seiz.ure of its property and the overthrow of its authority. You are openly in communication with the so-called Southern Confed- eracy, which is now at war with the United States, and you are receiv- ings at your camp, from the said Confederacy and under its flag, large supplies of the material of war, most of which is known to be the prop- erty of the United States. These extraordinary preparations plainly indicate none other than the well-known purpose of the Governor of this state, under whose orders you are acting, and whose communication to the Legislature has just been responded to by that body in the most unparalleled legislation, having in direct view hostilities to the general government and co-operation with its enemies. In view of these considerations, and of your failure to disperse in obedience to the proclamation of the President, and of the imminent necessities of state policy and warfare, and the obligations imposed upon me by instructions from Washington, it is my duty to demand, and I do hereby demand of you an immediate surrender of your command, with no other conditions than that all persons surrendering under this com- mand shall be humanely and kindly treated. Believing myself prepared to enforce this demand, one-half hour's time before doing so will be allowed for your compliance therewith. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, N. LYON, Capt. zd Infantry, Commanding Troops, May 10, 1S61. Camp Jackson surrendered and prisoners all released excepting Capt. Emmet McDonald, who refused to subscribe the parole. May 12, 1861. Brigadier General Wm. S. Harney issued a procla- mation to the people of Missouri, saying, "he would carefully abstain from the exercise n^ any unnecessary powers," and only use "the military force stationed in this district in the last resort to preserve peace." May 14, 1861. General Harney issued a second proclamation. HISTORY OF MISSOURL 55 May 2t, l86i. General Harney held a conference with General Sterling Price, of the Missouri State Guards. May 31, 1 861. General Harney superseded by General Lyon. June II. 1861. A second conference was held between the national and state authorities in St. Louis, which resulted in nothing. June u, 1861. Governor Jackson left St. Louis for Jefferson City, burning the railroad bridges behind him, and cutting telegraph wires. June 12, 1861. Governor Jackson issued a proclamation calling into active service 50,000 militia, " to repel invasion, protect life, prop- erty, etc." June 15, 1861. Colonel F P. Blair took possession of the state capi- tal. Governor Jackson, General Price and other officers having left on the 13th of June for Boonville. June 17, 1861. Battle of Boonville took place between the forces of General Lyon and Colonel John S. Marmaduke. June 18, 1861. General Lyon issued a proclamation to the people of Missouri. July 5, 1861. Battle at Carthage between the forces of General Sigel and Governor Jackson. July 6, 1861. General Lyon reached Springfield. July 22, 1861. State convention met and declared the ofiRces of Governor, Lieutenant Governor and Secretary of State vacated. July 26, 1861. General John C. Fremont assumed command of the Western Department, with headquarters in St. Louis. July 31, 1861. Lieutenant Governor Thomas C. Reynolds issued a proclamation at New Madrid. August I, 1861. General Jeff. Thompson issued a proclamation at Bloomfield. August 2, i86i. Battle of Dug Springs, between Captain Steele's forces and General Rains. August 5, 1861. Governor Jackson issued a proclamation at New Madrid. August 5, 1861. Battle of Athens. August 10, 1 86 1. Battle of Wilson's Creek, between the forces under General Lyon and General McCuUoch. In this engagemeet Gen- eral Lyon was killed. General Sturgis succeeded General Lyon. August 12, 1861. McCulloch issued a proclamation, and soon left Missouri. August 20, 1861. General Price issued a proclamation. August 24, 1861. Governor Gamble issued a proclamation calling for 32,000 men for six months, to protect the property and lives of the citizens of the state. August 30, 1861. General Fremont declared martial law, and declared that the slaves of all persons who should thereafter take an active part with the enemies of the Government should be free. 56 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. September 2, i86l. General Jeff. Thompson issued a proclamation in response to P"remont's proclamation. September 7, 1861. Battle at Dry wood Creek. September 11, 1861. President Lincoln modified the clause in Gen- eral Fremont's declaration of martial law, in reference to the confiscation of property and liberation of slaves. September 12, 1861. General Price begins the attack at Springfield on Colonel Mulligan's forces. September 20, 1861. Colonel Mulligan with 2,640 men surrendered. October 25. 1861. Second battle at Springfield. November 2, i86i. General Fremont succeeded by General David Hunter. November 7, p86i. General Grant attacked Belmont. November 9, 1861. General Hunter succeeded by General Halleck, who took command on the 19th of same month, with headquarters in St. Louis. November 27, 1861. General Price issued proclamation calling for 50,000 men, at Neosho, Missouri. December 12, 1861. General Hunter issued his order of assessment upon certain wealthy citizens in St. Louis, for feeding and clothing Union refugees. December 23-25, i86i. Declared martial law in St. Louis and the country adjacent, and covering all the railroad lines. March 6, 1862. Battle at Pea Ridge between the forces under Gen- erals Curtis and Van Dorn. January 8, 1862. Provost Marshal Farrar, of St. Louis, issued the following order in reference to newspapers : Office of the Provost Marshal, General Department of Missouri, St. Louis, January 8, 1862. {General Order No. 10.) It is hereby ordered that from and after this date the publishers of newspapers in the State of Missouri. (St. Louis city papers excepted), furnish to this office, immediately upon publication, one copy of each issue, for inspection. A failure to comply with this order will render the newspaper liable to suppression. Local Provost Marshals will furnish the proprietors with copies of this order, and attend to its immediate enforcement. BERNARD G. FARRAR. Provost Marshal General. January 26, 1862. General Halleck issued order (No. 18) which for- bade, among other things, the display of Secession flags in the hands of women or on carriages, in the vicinity of the military prison in McDow- ell's College, the carriages to be confiscated and the offending women to be arrested. HISTORY OF MISSOURL 57 February 4, 1862. General Halleck issued another order similar to Order No. 18, to railway companies, and to the professors and directors of the State University at Columbia, forbidding the funds of the institu- tion to be used "to teach treason or to instruct traitors." February 20, 1862. Special Order No. 120 convened a military com- mission, which sat in Columbia, March following, and tried Edmund J. Ellis, of Columbia, editor and proprietor of the Boone County Standard, for the publication of information for the benefit of the enemy, and encouraging resistance to the United States Government. Ellis was found guilty, was banished during the war from Missouri, and his print- ing materials confiscated and sold. April, 1862. General Halleck left for Corinth, Mississippi, leaving General Schofield in command. June, 1S62. Battle at Cherry Grove between the forces under Colonel Joseph C. Porter and Colonel H. S. Lipscomb. June, 1862. Battle at Pierce's Mill between the forces under Major John Y. Clopper and Colonel Porter. July 22, 1862. Battle at Florida. July 28, 1862. Battle at Moore's Mill. August 6, 1862. Battle near Kirksville August II, 1862. Battle at Independence. August 16, 1862. Battle at Lone Jack. September 13, 1862. Battle at Newtonia. September 25, 1862. Ten Confederate prisoners were executed at Macon by order of General Merrill. October 18, 1862. Ten Confederate prisoners executed at Palmyra by order of General McNeill. January 8, 1863. Battle at Springfield between the foces of General Marmaduke and General E. B. Brown. April 26, 1863. Battle at Cape Girardeau. August — , 1863. General Jeff. Thompson captured at Pocahontas. Arkansas, with his staff, August 25, 1863. General Thomas Ewing issued his celebrated Order No. II, at Kansas City, Mis.souri, which is as follows: Headquarters District of the Border, Kansas City, Mo., August 25, 1863. (" General Order No. it.") First. — All persons living in Cass, Jackson and Bates Counties, Mis- souri, and in that part of Vernon included in this district, except those living within one mile of the limits of Independence, Hickman's Mills, Pleasant Hill and Harrisonville, and except those in that part of Kaw Township, Jackson County, north of Brush Creek and west of the Big Blue, embracing Kansas City and Westport, are hereby ordered to remove from their present places of residence within fifteen days from the date hereof. 4 58 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. I'hose who, within that time, establish their loyalty to the satisfac- tion of the commanding officer of the military station nearest their present places of residence, will receive from him certificates stating the fact of their loyalty, and the names of the witnesses by whom it can be shown. All who receive such certificate will be permitted to remove to any military station in this district, or to any part of the State of Kansas, except the counties on the eastern borders of the state. All others shall remove out of this district. Officers commanding companies and detach- ments serving in the counties named, will see that this paragraph is promptly obeyed. Second. — All grain and hay in the field, or under shelter, in the dis- trict from which the inhabitants are required to remove, within reach of military stations, after the 9th day of September next, will be taken to such stations and turned over to the proper officer there, and report of the amount so turned over made to district headquarters, specifying the names of all loyal owners and the amount of such produce taken from them. All grain and hay found in such district after the 9th day of Sep- tember next, not convenient to such stations, will be destroyed. Third. — The provisions of General Order No. 10, from these head- quarters, will at once be vigorously executed by officers commanding in the parts of the district, and at stations not subject to the operations of paragraph First of this Order — and especially in the towns of Independ- ence, Westport and Kansas City. Fourth — Paragraph 3, General Order No. 10, is revoked as to all who have borne arms against the government in the district since August 20, 1863. By order of Brigadier-General Ewing. H. HANNAHS, Adjutant. October 12-13, 1863. Battle of Arrow Creek. t January, 1864. General Rosecrans takes command of the depart- ment. September, 1864. Battle at Pilot Knob, Harrison and Little Mor- ceau River. September 27, 1864. Massacre at Centralia, by Captain William Anderson. October 5, 1864. Battle at Prince's Ford and James Gordon's farm. October 15, 1864. Battle at Glasgow. October 20, 1864. Battle at Little Blue Creek. October 27, 1864. Capt. Anderson killed. December — , 1864. General Rosecrans relieved, and General Dodge appointed to succeed him. Nothing occurred specially, of a military character, in the state, after December, 1864. We have, in the main, given the facts as they occurred, without comment or entering into details. Many of the minor incidents and skirmishes of the war have been omitted because of our limited space. It is utterly impossible, at this date, to give the names and dates of all the battles fought in Missouri during the civil war. It will be found, HISIORY OF MISSOURI. 59 however, that the list given below, which has been arranged for conven- ience, contains the prominent battles and skirmishes which took place within the State : Potosi, May 14, 1861. Booneville, June 17, 1861. Carthage, July 5, 1861. Monroe Station, July 10, 1861. Overton's Run, July 17, 186 1. Dug Spring, August 2, 1S61. Wilson's Creek, August 9, 1861. Athens, August 5, 1861. Moreton, August 20, 1861 Bennett's Mills, September — , 1861. Drywood Creek, September 7, 1861. Norfolk, September 10, 1861. Lexington, September 12-20, 1861. Blue Mills Landing, September 17, 1861. Glasgow Mistake, September 20, 1861. Osceola, September 25, i86l. Shanghai, October 13, 1861. Lebanon, October 13, 1861. Linn Creek, October 15, i86r. Big River Bridge, October 15, 1861. Fredericktown, October 21, i86l. Springfield, October 25, 1861. Belmont, November 7, i86x. Piketon, November 8, l86i. Little Blue, November 10, i86r. Clark's Station, November li, 1861. Zion Church, December 28, i86l. Silver Creek, January 15, 1862. New Madrid, February 28, 1862. Pea Ridge, March 6, 1862. Neosho, April 22, 1862. Rose Hill, July 10, 1862. Chariton River, July 30, 1862. Cherry Grove, June — , 1862. Pierce's Mill, June — , 1862. Florida, July 22, 1862. Moore's Mill, July 28, 1862. Kirksville, August 6, 1862. Compton's Ferry, August 8, 1862. Yellow Creek, August 13, 1862. 60 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. Independence, August ii, 1862. Lone Jack, August 16, 1862. Newtonia, September 13, 1862. Springfield, January 8, 1863. Cape Girardeau, April 29, 1863. Arrow Rock, October 12 and 13, 1863. Pilot Knob, September — , 1864. Harrison, September — , 1864 Moreau River, October 7, 1864. Prince's Ford, October 5, 1864. Glasgow, October 15, 1864. Little Blue Creek, October 20, 1864. Albany, October 27, 1864. Near Rocheport, September 23, 1864. Centralia, September 27, 1864, CHAPTER X. AGRICULTURE AND MATERIAL WEALTH. MISSOURI AS AN AGRICULTURAL STATE-THE DIFFERENT CROPS-LIVE STOCK-HOfcbBS MULES-MILCH COWS-OXEN AND OTHER CATTLE-SHEEP- HOGS— COMPARISONS- MISSOURI ADAPTED TO LIVE STOCK— COTTON-BROOM-CORN AND OTHER PRO- DUCTS- FRUITS — BERRIES— GRAPES — RAILROADS— FIRST NEIGH OF THE "IRON HORSE" IN MISSOURI-NAMES OF RAILROADS-MANUFACTURES-GREAT BRIDGE AT ST. LOUIS. Agriculture is the greatest among all the arts of man, as it is the first in supplying his necessities. It favors and strengthens population ; it creates and maintains manufactures ; gives employment to navigation, and furnishes materials to commerce. It animates every species of indus- try, and opens to nations the safest channels of wealth. It is the strong- est bond of well-regulated .society, the surest basis of internal peace, and the natural associate of correct morals. Among all the occupations and professions of life there is none more honorable, none more independent and none more conducive to health and happiness. '*In ancient tim^s the sacred plow employ^ The kings, and awful fathers of mankind ; And some, with whom compared, your insect tribes Are but the beings of a summer's day, Have held the scale of empire, ruled the storm Of mighty war with unwearied hand, Disdaming little delicacies, seiied Tlie plow and greatly indepeiuleiit livetL" HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 6l As an acjricultural region, Missouri is not surpassed by any state in the Union. It is indeed the farmer's kingdom, where he always reaps an abundant harvest. The soil, in many portions of the state, has an open, flexible structure, quickly absorbs the most excessive rains, and retains moisture with great tenacity. This being the case it is not so easily affected by drouth. The prairies are covered with sweet, luxuri- ant grass, equally good for grazing and hay ; grass not surpassed by the Kentucky blue grass^— the best of clover and timothy in growing and fattening cattle. This grass is now as full of life-giving nutriment as it was when cropped by the buffalo, the elk, the antelope and the deer, and costs the herdsman nothing. No state or territory has a more complete or rapid system of nat- ural drainage, or a more abundant supply of pure, fresh water, than Missouri. Both man and beast may slake their thirst from a thousand perennial fountains, which gush in limpid streams from the hillsides and wend their way through verdant valleys and along smiling prairies, varying in size as they onward flow, from the diminutive brooklet to the giant river. Here nature has generously bestowed her attractions of climate, soil and scenery to please and gratify man while earning his bread in the sweat of his brow. Being thus munificiently endowed, Missouri offers superior inducements to the farmer, and bids him enter her broad domain and avail himself of her varied resources. We present here a table showing the product of each principal crop in Missouri for 1878. Indian Corn 93,062,000 bushels Wheat 20,196000 " Rye 732,000 " Oats 19.584 000 " Buckwheat 46,400 " Potatoes 5,415,000 " Tobacco 23,023,000 pounds Hay 1,620,000 tons There were 3,522,000 acres in corn; wheat, 1,836.000; rye, 48,800 oats, 640,000 ; buckwheat, 2,900 ; potatoes, 72,200 ; tobacco, 29,900 ; hay 850,000. Value of each crop: corn, $24,196,224; wheat, $13,531,320 rye, $300,120 ; oats, $3,325,120 ; buckwheat, $24, 128 ; potatoes, $2,057,- 700; tobacco, $1,151,150 ; hay, $10,416,600. Average cash value .of crops per acre, $7.69; average yield of corn per acre, 26 bushels ; wheat, 1 1 bushels. Next in importance to the corm crop in value is the live stock. The following table shows the number of horses, mules and milch cows in the different states for 1C79 ; 62 HISTORY OF MISSOURL STATES. MULES. New Hampshire 57ti°o Vermont 77>400 , Massachusetts 131,000 , Rhode Island 16,200 , Connecticut •••.... 53,500 New York 898,000 11,800 New Jersey 114,500 14,400 Pennsylvania 614,500 24,900 Delaware I9<900 4,000 Maryland 108600 11,300 Virginia 208 700 30,600 North Carolina 144,200 74,000 South Carolina 59,6oo 51.500 Georgia 119,200 97,200 Florida 22,400 11,900 Alabama 112,800 111,700 Mississippi 97 200 100,000 Louisiana 79,300 80,700 Texas 618.000 180,200 Arkansas 180,500 89,300 Tennessee 329,700 99,700 West Virginia 122,200 2,400 Kentucky 386,900 117,800 Ohio • • • 772,700 26,700 Michigan 333,800 4,300 Indiana 688,800 61 200 Illinois 1,100,000 138,000 Wisconsin 384,400 8,700 Minnesota 247,300 7,ooo Iowa 770,700 43,400 Missouri 627,300 191,900 Kansas 265,000 50,000 Nebraska , 157,200 13,600 California 173,000 25,700 Oregon 109,700 3,500 Nevada, Colorado, and Territories 250,000 25,700 . It will be seen from the above table that Missouri is the fifth state in the number of horses ; fifth in number of milch cows, and the lead- ing state in number of mules, having 11,700 more than Texas, which produces the next largest number. Of oxen and cattle Missouri pro- duced in 1879, 1.632,000, which was more than any other state pro- duced excepting Texas, which had 4,800,000. In 1879, Missouri raised 2,817,600 hogs, which was more than any other state produced excepting Iowa. The number of sheep was 1,296,400. The number of hogs packed in 1879 by the different states is as follows : MTLCH COWS 169,100 98,100 217,800 160,700 22,000 116,500 1,446,200 152,200 828,400 23,200 100,500 236,200 232.300 131,300 273,100 70,000 215,200 188,000 110,900 544,500 187,700 245,700 130,500 237,200 714,100 416,900 439,200 702,400 477,300 278 900 676,200 5.6,200 321,900 127,600 459,600 112,400 423 600 STATES. NO. Ohio 932,878 Indiana 622,321 Illinois 3,214,896 Iowa 569,763 STATES. NO. Missouri 965.839 Wisconsin 472,108 Kentucky 212,412 HISTORY OF MISSOU . ©3 Average weight per head for each state : STATES. POUNDS. STATES. POUNDS. Ohio 210.47 Missouri 213.32 Indiana 193.80 Wisconsin 220 Si Illinois 225.71 Kentucky 210.11 Iowa 211.98 From the above, it will be seen that Missouri annually packs more hogs than any other state, except Illinois, and that she ranks third in the average weight. We see no reason why Missouri should not be the foremost stock- raising state of the Union. In addition to the enormous yield of corn and oats upon which the stock is largely dependent, the climate is well adapted to their growth and health. Water is not only inexhaustible, but everywhere convenient. The ranges for stock are boundless, afford- ing for nine months of the year, excellent pasturage of nutritious wild grasses, which grow in great lu.xuriance upon her thousand prairies. Cotton is grown successfully in many counties of the southeastern portions of the state, especially in Stoddard, Scott, Pemiscott, Butler, New Madrid, Lawrence and Mississippi. Sweet potatoes are produced in abundance and are not only sure but profitable. Broom corn, sorghum, castor beans, white beans, peas and hops, thrive well, and all kinds of garden vegetables are produced in great abundance and are found in the markets during all seasons of the year. Fruits of every variety, including the apple, pear, peach, cherries, apricots and nectarines are cultivated with great success, as are also the straw- berry, gooseberry, currant, raspberry and blackberry. The grape has not been produced with that success that was at first anticipated, yet the yield of wine for the year 1879 was nearly half a million gallons. Grapes do well in Kansas, and we see no reason why they should not be as surely and profitably grown in a similar climate and soil in Missouri, and particularly in many of the counties north and east of the Missouri River. RAILROADS, Twenty-nine years ago the neigh of the "iron horse" was heard for the first time within the broad domain of Missouri. His coming pres- aged the dawn of a brighter and grander era in the history of the state. Her fertile prairies and more prolific valleys would soon be of easy access to the oncoming tide of immigration, and the ores and minerals of her hills and mountains would be developed and utilized in her manufactur- ing and industrial enterprises. Additional facilities would be opened to the marts of trade and commerce; transportation from the interior of the state would be secured; 64 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. a fresh impetus would be given to the growth of her towns and cities, and new hopes and inspirations would be imparted to all her people, f Since 1852, the initial period of railroad building in Missouri, between four and five thousand miles of track have been laid ; additional roads are now being constructed and many others in contemplation. The state is already supplied with railroads which thread her surface in all directions, bringing her remotest districts into close connection with St. Louis, that great centre of western railroads and inland commerce. These roads have a capital stock aggregating more than one hundred millions of dollars, and a funded debt of about the same amount. The lines of railroads which are operated in the state are the fol- lowing : Missouri Pacific — chartered May lOth, 1850 ; the St. Louis, Iron Mountain & Southern Railroad, which is a consolidation of the Arkansas Branch ; the Cairo, Arkansas & Texas Railroad ; the Cairo & Fulton Railroad ; the St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern Railway ; the St. Louis & San Francisco Railway ; the Chicago, Alton & St. Louis Rail- road ; the Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad ; the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railroad ; the Illinois, Missouri & Texas Railroad ; the Kansas Gty, St. Joseph & Council Bluffs Railroad ; the Keokuk & Kansas City Railway Company ; the St. Louis, Salem & Little Rock Railroad Com- pany ; the Missouri & Western ; the St. Louis, Keokuk & Northwestern ; the St. Louis, Hannibal & Keokuk Railroad ; the Missouri, Iowa & Nebra.ska Railway ; the Quincy, Missouri & Pacific Railroad ; the Chi- cago, Rock Island & Pacific Railway ; the Burlington & Southwestern Railroad ; the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad and the St. Joseph & Des Moines. MANUFACTURES. The natural resources of Missouri especially fit her for a great man- ufacturing state. She is rich in soil ; rich in all the elements which sup- ply the furnace, the machine shop and the planing mill ; rich in the mul- titude and variety of her gigantic forests ; rich in her marble, stone and granite quarries ; rich in her mines of iron, coal, lead and zinc ; rich in strong arms and willing hands te apply the force ; rich in water power and river navigation ; and rich in her numerous and well built railroads, whose numbeiJess engines thunder along their multiplied trackways. Missouri contains over fourteen thousand manufacturing establish- ments, 1,965 of which are using steam and give employment to 80,000 hands. The capital employed is about $100,000,000, the material annu- ally used and worked up amounts to over $150,000,000 and the value of the products put upon the markets $2^0,000,000, while the wages paid 5ire more than $40,000,000, HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 6$ The leadinpf manufacturing counties of the state are St. Louis, Jack- son, Buchanan, St. Charles, Marion, Franklin, Green, Lafayette, Platte, Cape Girardeau and Boone. Three-fourths, however, of the manufactur- ing is done in St. Louis, which is now about the second manufacturing city of the Union. Flouring mills produce annually about $38,194,000; carpentering, $18,763,000; meat-packing, $16,769,000; tobacco, $12,496,- 000; iron and castings, $12,000,000; liquors, $11,245,000; clothing, 10,022,000; lumber, $8,652,000; bagging and bags, $6,914,000, and many other smaller industries in proportion. GREAT BRIDGE AT ST. LOUIS. Of the many public improvements which do honor to the state and reflect great credit upon the genius of their projectors, we have space only to mention the great bridge at St. Louis. This truly wonderful structure is built of tubular steel, the total length of which, with its approaches, is 6,277 feet, at a cost of nearly $8,000,000. The bridge spans the Mississippi from the Illinois to the Missouri shore, and has separate railroad tracks, roadways and foot paths. In durability, architectural beauty and practical utility, there is, perhaps, no similar piece of workmanship that opproximates it. The structure of Darius upon the Bosphorus ; of Xerxes upon the Hellespont ; of Caesar upon the Rhine ; and Trajan upon the Danube, famous in ancient history, were built for military purposes, that over them might pass invading armies with their munitions of war, to destroy commerce, to lay in waste the provinces, and to slaughter the people. But the erection of this was for a higher and nobler purpose. Over it are coming the trade and merchandise of the opulent East, and thence are passing the untold riches of the West. Over it are crowding legions of men, armed not with the weapons of war, but the implements of peace and industry ; men who are skilled in all the arts of agriculture, of manufacture and of mining; men who will hasten the day when St. Louis shall rank in population and importance second to no city on the continent, and when Missouri shall proudly fill the measure of greatness, to which she is naturally so justly entitled. 66 HISTORY OF MlbbOURL CHAPTER XL EDUCATION. PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM— PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM OF MISSOURI-LINCOLN INSTITUTE- OFFICERS OF PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM-CERTIFICATES OF TEACHERS-UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-SCHOOLS— COLLEGES -INSTITUTIONS OF LEARNING— LOCATION- LIBRARIES - NEWSPAPERS AND PERIODICALS- NO OF SCHOOL CHILDREN - AMOUNT EXPENDED-VALUE OF GROUNDS AND BUILDINGS- " THE PRESS." The first constitution of Missouri provided that " one school or more shall be established in each township, as soon as practicable ai^ neces- sary, where the poor shall be taught gratis." It will be seen that even at that early day (1820), the framers of the constitution made provision for at least a primary education for the poorest and the humblest, taking it for granted that those who were able would avail themselves of educational advantages which were not gratuitous. The establishment of the public school system in its essential feat- ures was not perfected until 1839, during the administration of Governor Boggs, and since that period the system has slowly grown into favor, not only in Missouri, but throughout the United States. The idea of a free or public school for all classes was not at first a popular one, espe- cially among those who had the means to patronize private institutions of learning. In upholding and maintaining public schools, the oppo- nents of the system felt that they were not only compromising their own standing among their more wealthy neighbors, but that they were to some extent bringing opprobrium upon their children. Entertaining such prejudices they naturally thought that the training received in pub- lic schools could not be otherwise than defective, hence many years of probation passed before the popular mind was prepared to appreciate the benefits and blessings which spring from these institutions. Every year only adds to their popularity, and commends them the more earnestly to the fostering care of our State and National Legisla- tures, and to the esteem and favor of all classes of our people. We can hardly conceive of two grander and more potent promoters of civilization than the free school and the free press. They would indeed seem to constitute all that was necessary to the attainment of the happiness and intellectual growth of the republic, and all that was necessary to broaden, to liberalize, and to instruct. HISTORY OF MISSOURI 67 ** "Rs education forms the common mind ) For noble youth there is nothing so meet As learning is, to know the good from ill ; , To know the tongues, and perfectly indite, And of the laws to have a perfect skill. Things to reform as right and justice will, For honor is ordained for no cause But to see right maintained by the laws. All the states of the Union have in practical operation the public school system, governed in the main by similar laws, and not differing materially in the manner and methods by which they are taught, but none have a wiser, a more liberal and comprehensive machinery of instruction than Missouri. Her school laws since 1839 have undergone many changes, and always for the better, keeping pace with the most enlightened and advanced theories of the most experienced educators of the land. But not until 1875, when the new constitution was adopted, did the present admirable system of public instruction go into effect Provisions were made not only for white, but for children of African descent, and are a part of the organic law, not subject to the caprices of unfriendly legislatures, or the whims of political parties. The Lincoln Institute, located at Jefferson City, for the education of colored teachers, receives an annual appropriation from the General Assembly. For the support of the public schools, in addition to the annual income derived from the public school fund, which is set apart by law, not less than twenty-five per cent, of the state revenue, exclusive of the interest and sinking fund, is annually applied to this purpose. The officers having in charge the public school interests are the State Board of Education, the State Superintendent, County Superin- tendent, County Clerk and Treasurer, Board of Directors, City and Town School Board and teacher. The State Board of Education is composed of the State Superintendent, the Governor, Secretary of State and the Attorney General, the executive officer of this board being the State Superintendent, who is chosen by the people every four years. His duties are numerous. He renders decisions concerning the local appli- cation of school law ; keeps a record of all the school funds and annually distributes the same to the counties ; supervises the work of county school officers ; delivers lectures ; visits schools ; distributes educational information ; grants certificates of higher qualifications and makes an annual report to the General Assembly of the condition of the schools. The County Superintendents are also elected by the people for two years. Their work is to examine teachers, to distribute blanks and make reports. County clerks receive estimates from the local directors and extend them upon the ta.x-books. In addition to this they keep the general records of the county and township school funds, and return an 68 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. annual report of the financial condition of the schools of their county to the State Superintendent. School taxes are gathered with other taxes by the county collector. The custodian of the school funds belonging to the schools of the counties is the county treasurer, except in counties adopting the township organization, in which case the township trustee discharges these duties. Districts organized under the special law for cities and towns are governed by a board of six directors, two of whom are selected annually on the second Saturday in September, and hold their office for three years. One director is elected to serve for three years in each school dis- trict at the annual meeting. These directors may levy a tax not exceed- ing forty per cent, on the one hundred dollars valuation, provided such annual rates for school purposes may be increased in districts formed of cities and towns, to an amount not to exceed one dollar on the hundred dollars valuation ; and in other districts to an amount not to exceed sixty-five cents on the one hundred dollars valuation, on the condition that a majority of the voters who are tax payers, voting at an election held to decide the question, vote for said increase. For the purpose of erecting public buildings in school districts, the rates of taxation thus limited, may be increased when the rate of such increase and the pur- pose for which it is intended shall have been submitted to a vote of the people, and two-thirds of the qualified voters of such school district vot- ing at such election shall vote therefor. Local directors may direct the management of the school in respect to the choice of teachers and other details, but in the discharge of all important business such as the erection of a school house or the exten- sion of a term of school beyond the constitutional period, they simply execute the will of the people. The clerk of this board may be a director. He keeps a record of the names of all the children and youth in the district between the ages of five and twenty-one; records all busi- ness proceedings of the district, and reports to the annual meeting, to the County Clerk and County Superintendents. Teachers must hold a certificate from the State Superintendent or County Commissioner of the county where they teach. State certificates are granted upon personal written examinations in the common branches, together with the natural sciences and higher mathematics. The holder of such certificate may teach in any of the public schools of the state without further examination. Certificates granted by County Commis- sioners are of two classes, with two grades in each class. Those issued for a longer term than one year belong to the first class, and are suscep- tible of two grades, differing both as to length of time and attainments. Those issued for one year may represent two grades, marked by qualifi- cation alone. The township school fund arises from a grant of land by HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 69 the general government, consisting of section sixteen in each Congres- sional township. The annual income of the township fund is appropri- ated to the various townships, according to their respective proprietary claims. The support from the permanent funds is supplemented by direct taxation laid upon the taxable property of each district. The greatest limit of taxation for the current expenses is one per cent.; the tax permitted for school house building cannot exceed the same amount. Among the institutions of learning, and ranking, perhaps, the first in importance, is the State ^University, located at Columbia, Boone County. When the state was admitted into the Union, Congress granted to it one entire township of land (46,080 acres) for the support of a " Seminary of Learning." The lands secured for this purpose are among the best and most valuable in the state. These lands were put upon the market in 1832 and brought $75,000, which amount was invested in the stock of the old Bank of the State of Missouri, where it remained and increased by accumulation to the sum of $100,000. In 1S39, by an act of the General Assembly, five commissioners were appointed to select a site for the State University, the site to contain at least fifty acres of land in a compact form, within two miles of the county seat of Cole, Cooper, Howard, Boone, Callaway or Saline. Bids were let among the counties named, and the county of Boone having subscribed the sum of $117,921, some $18,000 more than any other county, the State Univer- sity was located in that county, and on the 4th of July, 1840, the corner- stone was laid with imposing ceremonies. The present annual income of the university is nearly $65,000. There are still unsold about 200,000 acres of land from the grant of 1862. The donations to the institutions connected therewith amount to nearly $400,000. This university, with its different departments, is opened to both male and female, and both sexes enjoy alike its rights and privileges. Among the professional schools, which form a part of the university, are the Normal, or College of Instruction in Teaching ; the Agricultural and Mechanical College ; the School of Mines and Metallurgy ; the College of Law ; the Medical College, and Department of Analytical and Applied Chemistry. Other departments are contemplated and will be added as necessity requires. The following will show the names and locations of the schools anc' institutions of the state as reported by the Commissioner of Education in 1875. UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES. Christian University Canton. St. Vincent's College Cape Girardeau. University of Missouri Columbia. Central College Fayette. 70 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. Westminster College Fulton. Lewis College Glasgow. Pritchett School Institute Glasgow. Lincoln College Greenwood. Hannibal College Hannibal. Woodland College Independence. Thayer College Kidder. LaGrange College LaGrange. William Jewell College Liberty. Baptist College Louisiana. - St. Joseph College St. Josoph. College of Christian Brothers St. Louis. St. Louis University St. Louis. Washington University St. Louis. Drury College Springfield. Central Wesleyan College Warrenton. FOR SUPERIOR INSTRUCTION OF WOMEN. St. Joseph Female Seminary St. Joseph. Christian College Columbia. Stephens' College Columbia. Howard College Fayette. Independence Female College Independence. Central Female College Lexington. Clay Seminary Liberty. Ingleside Female College Palmyra. Linden Wood College for Young Ladies St. Charles. Mary Institute (Washington University) St. Louis. St. Louis Seminary St. Louis. Ursuline Academy , St. Louis. FOR SECONDARY INSTRUCTION. Arcadia College Arcadia. St. Vincent's Academy Cape Girardeau. Chillicothe Academy Chillicothe. ' Grand River College Edinburgh. Marionville College Institute Marionville. Palmyra Seminary Palmyra. St. Paul's College Palmyra. Van Rensselaer Academy Rensselaer. Shelby High School Shelbyville. Stewartsville Male and Female Seminary Stewartsville. SCHOOLS OF SCIENCE.. Mo. Agricultural and Mechanical College (University of Mo.). Columbia. Schools of Mines and Metallurgy (Universy of Missouri).. Rolla. Polytechnic Institute (Washington University) St. Loui.s. HISTORY OF MISSOURL JTI SCHOOLS OF THEOLOGY. St. Vincent's Collejje (Theolo£;fical Department) Cape Girardeau Westminster College (TheoloLjicnl School) .Fulton Vardeman School of Theology (William Jewell College) Libert)' Concordia College St. Louis SCHOOLS OF LAW. Law School of the University of Missouri Columbia Law School of the Washington University St. Louis SCHOOLS OF MEDICINE. Medical College, University of Missouri Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons St. Joseph Kansas City College of Phjsicians and Surgeons Kansas City Hospital Medical College St. Joseph Missouri Medical College St. Louis Northwestern Medical College St. Joseph St. Louis Medical College St. Louis Homeopathic Medical College of Missouri St. Louis Mo. School of Midwifery and Diseases of Women and Children, St. Louis Missouri Central College St. Louis St. Louis College of Pharmacy St. Louis LARGEST PUBLIC LIBRARIES. NAME ■ LOCATION. VOLUMES. St. Vincent's College Cape Girardeau .... 5,500 Southeast Missouri State Normal School Cape Girardeau. . . . 1,225 University of Missouri Columbia 10,000 Athenian Society Columbia " . i ,200 Union Literary Society Columbia 1,200 Law College Columbia I.OOO Westminster College Fulton 5,000 Lewis College Glasgow 3,000 Mercantile Library Hannibal 2,219 Library Association Independence 1,100 Fruitland Normal Institute '. . . Jackson 1,000 State Library Jefferson City 13,000 Fetterman's Circulating Library Kansas City 1.300 Law Library Kansas City 3,000 Whittemore's Circulating Library Kansas City 1,000 North Missouri State Normal School Kirksville 1,050 William Jewell College Liberty 4,000 St. Paul's College Palmyra 2,000 Missouri Schools of Mines and Metallurgy. . . Rolla 2,478 St. Charles Catholic Library St. Charles i .7 16 Carl Fuelling's Library St. Joseph 6,000 Law Library ... St. Joseph 2,000 Public School Library St. Joseph 2,500 ^2. HISTORY OF MISSOURI. Woolworth & Colt's Circulating Library St. Joseph 4,000 Academy of Science St. Louis 2,744 Academy of Visitation St. Louis 4,000 College of the Christian Brothers St. Louis 22,000 Deutsche Institute St. Louis 1,000 German Evang. Lutheran, Concordia College. .St. Louis 4,800 Law Library Association St. Louis 8,000 Missouri Medical College St. Louis 1,000 Mrs. Cuthbert's Seminary (Young Ladies). . .St. Louis 1, 500 Odd Fellows Library St. Louis 4,000 Public School Library St. Louis 40,097 St. Louis Medical College St. Louis i,lOO St. Louis Mercantile Library St. Louis 45,ooo St. Louis Seminary St. Louis 2,000 St. Louis Turn Verein St. Louis 2,000 St. Louis University St. Louis 17,000 St. Louis University Libraries St. Louis 8,000 Ursuline Academy St. Louis 2,000 Washington University St. Louis 4.500 St. Louis Law School St. Louis 3,ooo Young Men's Sodality St. Louis 1,327 Library Association Sedalia i ,500 Public School Library Sedalia i ,01 5 Drury College Springfield 2,000 IN 1S80. Newspapers and periodicals 48 1 CHARITIES. State Asylum for Deaf and Dumb Fulton. St. Bridget's Institution for Deaf and Dumb St. Louis. Institution for the Education of the Blind St. Louis. State Asylum for Insane Fulton. State Asylum for the Insane St. Joseph. NORMAL SCHOOLS. Normal Institute Bolivar. Southeast Missouri State Normal School Cape Girardeau. Normal School (University of Missouri) Columbia. Fruitland Normal Institute Jackson. Lincoln Institute (for colored) Jefferson City. City Normal School St. Louis. Missouri State Normal School VVarrensburg. IN 1S78. Estimated value of school property $1,321,309 Total receipts for public schools 4,207,617 Total expenditures 3,406,139 HISTORY OF MISSOURI, 73 NUMBER OF TEACHERS. Male teachers, 6,239 ; average monthly pay $36.36 Female teachers, 5,060 ; average monthly pay 21.09 NEWSPAPERS AND PERIODICALS. The fact that Missouri supports and maintains four hundred and seventy-one newspapers and periodicals shows that her inhabitants are not onl)' a reading and reflecting people, but that they appreciate "The Press," and its wonderful influence as an educator. The poet has well said ; But mightiest of the mighty means. On which the arm of progress leans, Man's noblest mission to advance. His woes assuage, his weal enhance, His rights enforce, his wrongs redress-> Mightiest of mighty is the Press. CHAPTER XII. RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS. BAPTIST CHURCH-ITS HISTORY-CONGREGATIONAL— WHEN FOUNDED-ITS HISTORY- CHRISTIAN CHURCH-ITS HISTORY— CUMBERLAND PRESBYTERIAN CHORCH-ITS HISTORY — METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH - ITS HISTORY - PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH-ITS HISTORY— PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH-ITS HISTORY-UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH-ITS HISTORY— UNITARIAN CHURCH-ITS HISTORY— RO- MAN CATHOLIC CHURCH-ITS HISTORY. The first representatives of religious thought and training who pene- trated the Missouri and Mississippi Valleys were Pere Marquette, La Salle, and others of Catholic persuasion, who performed missionary labor among the Indians. A century afterward came the Protestants. At that early period "A church in every grove that spread Its living root above their heads," constituted for a time, their only house of worship, and yet to them " No temple built with hands could vie In glory with its majesty." In the course 01 time the seeds of Protestantism were scattered along the shores of the two great rivers which form the eastern and western boundaries of the state, and still a little later they were sown upon her hillsides and broad prairies, where they have since bloomed and blos- somed as the rose. 74 HISTORY OF MISSOURL BAPTIST CHURCH. The earliest antl-CathoIic religious denomination of whfcli there is any record, was organized in Cape Girardeau Cour»ty in 1806, through the effcrts of Rev. David Green, a Baptist, and a native of Virginia. In i§i6 the first association of Missouri Baptists was formed, which was composed of seven churches, all of which were located in the southeast- ern part of the state. In 1817 a second association of churches was formed, called the Missouri Association, the name being afterwards changed to St. Louis Association. 1834 a general convention of all the churches of this denomination was held in Howard County, for the pur- pose of effecting a central organization, at which time was commenced what is now known as the "General Association of Missouri Baptists." To this body is committed the state mission work, denominational education, foreign missions and i;he circulation of religious literature. The Baptist Church has under its control -• number of schools and col- leges, the most important of which is Wills Jewell College, located at Liberty, Clay County. As shown by the annual report for 1875, there were in Missouri at that date, sixty-one associations, one thousand four hundred churches, eight hundred and twenty-four ministers and eighty- nine thousand six hundred and fifty church members. CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. The Congregationalists inaugurated their missionary labors in the state in 18 14. Rev. Samuel J. Mills, of Torringford, Connecticut, and Rev. Daniel Smith, of Bennington, Vermont, were sent west by the Mas- sachusetts Congregational Home Missionary Society during that year, and in November, 18 14, they preached the first regular Protestant ser- mons in St. Louis. Rev. Salmon Giddings, sent out under the auspices of the Connecticut Congregational Missionary Society, organized the first Protestant church in the city, consisting of ten members, constituted Presbyterian. The churches organized by Mr. Giddings were all Presby- terian in their order. No exclusively Congregational church was founded until 1852, when the First Trinitarian Congregational Church of St. Louis was organized. The next church of this denomination was organized at Hannibal, in 1S59. Then followed a Welsh church in New Cambria, in 1864, and after the close of the war fifteen churches of the same order were formed in different parts of the state. In 1866 Pilgrim Church, St. Louis was organized. The General Conference of Churches of Missouri was formed in 1865, which was changed in 1868 to General Association In 1866 Hannibal, Kidder and St. Louis District Associations were formed, and following these were the Kansas City and Springfield District Associa- HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 75 tions. This denomination in 1875 had 70 churches, 41 ministers, 3,363 church members, and had also several schools and colleges and one monthly newspaper. CHRISTIAN CHURCH. The earliest churches of this denomination were organized in Cal- laway, Hoone and Howard Counties, some time previously to 1829. The first church was formed in St. Louis in 1836, by Elder R. B. Fife. The first state Sunday school convention of the Christian Church was held in Mexico, in 1876. Besides a number of private institutions this denomination has three state institutions, all of which have an able corps of professors and have a good attendance of pupils. It has one religious l)aper published in St. Louis, The Christian, which is a weekly publica- tion and well patronized. The membership of this church now numbers nearly one hundred thousand in the state and is increasing rapidly. It has more than five hundred organized churches, the greater portion of which are north of the Missouri River. CUMBERLAND PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. In the spring of 1820 the first Presbytery of this denomination west of the Mississippi, was organized in Pike County. This Pfesbytery included all the territory of Missouri, Western Illinois and Arkansas, and numbered only four ministers, two of whom resided at the time in Missouri. There are now in the state twelve Presbyteries, three Synods, nearly three hundred ministers and over twenty thousand members. The Board of Missions is located at St. Louis. They have a number of High Schools and two monthly papers published at St. Louis. METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. In 1806, Rev. John Travis, a young Methodist minister, was sent out to the Western Conference, which then embraced the Mississippi Valley, from Green County, Tennessee. During that year Mr. Travis organized a number of small churches. At the close of his conference year he reported the result of his labors to the Western Conference, which was held at Chillicothe. Ohio, in 1807, and showed an aggregate of one hun- dred and six members and two circuits, one called Missouri and the other Mcramec. In 1808 two circuits had been formed, and at each suc- ceeding year the number of circuits and members constantly increased, until t8i2, when what was called the Western Conference was divided into the Ohio and Tennessee Conferences, Missouri falling into the Ten- nessee Conference. In 1816 there was another division when the Mis- souri Annual Conference was formed. In iSio there were four traveling y6 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. preachers, and in 1820 fifteen traveling preachers, with over two thousand members. In 1836 the territory of the Missouri Conference was again divided when the Missouri Conference included only the state. In 1840 there were seventy-two traveling preachers, 177 local ministers and 13,992 church members. Between 1840 and 1850 the church was divided by the organization of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. In 1850 the membership of the M. E. Church was over 25,000, and during the succeed- ing ten years the church prospered rapidly. In 1875 the M. E. Church reported 274 church edifices and 34,156 members; the M. E. Church South reported 443 church edifices and 49,588 members. This denom- ination has under its control several schools and colleges and two weekly newspapers. PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. The Presbyterian church dates the beginning of their missionary efforts in the state as far back as 1 8 14, but the first Presbyterian 'Church was not organized until 1816, at Bellevue settlement, eight miles from St. Louis. The next churches were formed in 1816 and 1817, at Bon- homme, Pike County. The first Presbyterian Church was organi/xd in St. Louis in 18 17, by Rev. Salmon Gidding. The first Presbytery was organized 1817, by the Synod of Tennessee, with four ministers and four churches. The first Presbyterian house of worship (which was the first Protestant) was commenced in 1819 and completed in 1826. In 1820 a mission was formed among the Osage Indians. In 183 1, the Presbytery was divided into three : Missouri, St. Louis and St. Charles. These were erected with a synod, comprising eighteen ministers and twenty- three churches. The church was divided in 1838, throughout the United States. In i860 the rolls of the Old and New School Synods together showed 109 ministers and 146 churches. In 1866 the Old School Synod was divided on political questions springing out of the war — a part forming the Old School or Independent Synod of Missouri, who are connected with the General Assembly South. In 1870 the Old and New School Presbyterians united, since which time this Synod has steadily increased until it now numbers more than 12,000 members, with more than 220 churches and 150 ministers. This Synod is composed of six Presbyteries and has under its con- trol one or two institutions of learning and one or two newspapers. That part of the original Synod which .withdrew from the General Assembly remained an independent body until 1874, when it united with the Southern Presbyterian Church. The Synod in 1S75 numbered 80 ministers, 140 churches and 9,000 members. It has under its control several male and female institutions of a high order. The St. Louis Presbyterian, weekly paper, is the recognized organ of-the Synod. HISTORY Of MISSOURI. J-j PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH. The inissionary enterprises of this church began in the state in 1818, when a parish was organized in the city of St. Louis. In 1828 an agent of the Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society visited the city, who reported the condition of things so favorably that Rev. Thomas Horrell was sent out as a missionary, and in 1825 he began his labors in St. Louis. A church edifice was completed in 1830. In 1836 there were five clergymen of this denomination in Missouri, who had organized congregations in Booneville, Fayette, St. Charles, Hannibal and other places. In 1840, the clergy and laity met in convention, a diocese was formed, a constitution and canons adopted, and in 1844 a Bishop was chosen, he being the Rev. Cicero S. Hawks. Tlirough the efforts of Bishop Kemper, Kemper College was founded near St. Louis, but was afterward given up on account of pecuniary^ troubles. In 1S47, the Clark Mission began and in 1849 the Orphans Home, a charitable institution was founded. In 1865, St. Luke's Hospital was established. In 1875, there were in the city of St. Louis, twelve parishes and missions and twelve clergymen. This denomination has several schools and colleges and one newspaper. UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. This denomination is made up of the members of the Associate and Associate Reformed churches of the Northern states, which two bodies united in 1858, taking the name of United Presbyterian Church of North America. Its members were generally bitterly opposed to the institu- tion of slavery. The first congregation was organized at Warrensburg, Johnson County, in 1867. It rapidly increased in numbers and had, in 1875, ten ministers and five hundred members. UNITARIAN CHURCH. This church was formed in 1834, by Rev. W. G. Eliot, in St. Louis. The churches are few in number throughout the state, the membership being probably less than 300, all told. It has a mission house and free school, for poor children, supported by donations. ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH. The earliest written record of the Catholic Church in Missouri shows that Father VVatrin performed ministerial services in Ste. Geae- vieve in 1760, and in St. Louis in 1766. In 1770 Father Meurin erected a small log church in St. Louis. In i8i8 there were in the state four chapels, and for Upper Louisiana, seven priests. A college and semin- 7S HISTORY OK MISSOURI. ary were opened in Perry County about this period for the education ot the young, being the first college west of the Mississippi river. In 1824 a college was opened in St. Louis, which is now known as the St. Louis University. In 1826, Father Rosatti was appointed Bishop of St. Louis, and, through his instrumentality, the Sisters of Charity, Sisters of St. Joseph and of the Visitation were founded, besides other benevolent and charitable institutions. In 1834 he completed the present Cathedral Church. Churches were built in different portions of the state. In 1847 St. Louis was created an arch-diocese, with Bishop Kenrick, Arch- bishop. .; v In Kansas City there are five parish churches, a hospital, a convent and several parish schools. In 1868 the northwestern portion of the state was erected into a separate diocese, with its seat at St. Joseph, and Right-Reverend John J. Hogan appointed Bishop. There were, in 1875, in the city of St. Louis, 34 churches, 27 schools, 5 hospitals, 3 colleges, 7 orphan asylums and 3 female protectorates. There were also 105 priests, 7 male and 13 female orders, and 20 conferences of St. Vincent de Paul, numbering l,iOO members. In the diocese, outside of St. Louis, there is a college, a male protectorate, 9 convents, about 120 priests, 150 churches and 30 stations. In the diocese of St. Joseph there were, in 1875,21 priests, 29 churches, 24 stations, I college, I monastery, 5 con- vents and 14 parish schools. THEOLOGICAL SCHOOLS. Instruction preparatory to ministerial work is given in connection with collegiate study, or in special theological courses, at : Central College, (M. E. South) Fayette Central Wesleyan College (M. E. Church) Warrentoii Christian University (Christian) Canton Concordia College Seminary (Evangelical Lutheran) St. Louis Lewis College (M. E. Church) Glasgow St. Vincent's College (Roman Catholic) Cape Girardeau Vardcman School of Theology (Baptist) Liberty The last is connected with William Jewell College. History of Clinton County. CHAPTER I. PREFATORY. THE COUNTY, ITS LOCATION — NAME — PLAN AND SCOI'E OF THIS WORK. More than half a century has passed since the first white settlement was made within the bounds of that territory now known as Clinton County, Missouri. Previous to that time the uncivilized aborigines roamed the prairies wild and free, unfettered by the restraint of common or statu- tor\' law, and uncircumscribed by township boundaries and county lines. The transformation which has taken place in the physiognomy of the country alone is beyond the comprehension of the finite mind ; luxuriant groves where there was the wide-stretching prairie ; cultivated fields where was the primeval forest ; orchards, vineyards, and gardens where waved the tall prairie grass. So marked has been the change in the physiognomy of the country that there has been a decided change in the climatology. The elements themselves seem to have taken notice of the great change, and have governed themselves accordingly. While the annual rainfall and the mean annual temperature remain the same in cjuantity, they are now entirely different in quality, and although imper- ceptible and independent of man's will, they have nevertheless come under the same civilizing power which has changed the wilderness into a fruitful land. The great change which has taken place in the development of the material resources of the country is more noticeable, as man can more readily discern the changes which take place by detail in his own cir- cumscribed field of activity than he can those grand revolutions in the kO HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. boundless domain of nature. The changes which have occurred in social, intellectual and moral conditions are still more marked, mind being more swift to act on mind than on matter. These changes can best be estimated by the institution of a brief contrast: Then the material resources of the country consisted simply in the streams of water which quenched the thirst of the aborigine, wherein was found the fish which he ate, and upon which floated his frail canoe ; the forest where he procured his fuel, material for the construction of his rude weapons, and which sheltered the game which afforded him a meagre and uncertain sustenance. Such were the material resources made available to the owner of the soil. The social condition of the people was scarcely more advanced than is that of certain orders of the lower animals, whose social attainments are comprehended in the ability to unite for mutual offense or defense. In intellect and morals, there was a people somewhat above the brute, but on the lowest round of the ladder. Now the material resources of the country include in their number the soil, with every useful and ornamental product known to the temper- ate zone ; the forest with every species of manufacture, useful aud orna- mental, known to the civilized world. The water in the streams, and the currents of air above us, are alike trained to do man's bidding, while from the depths of the earth beneath our feet is brought forth the hidden wealth, which was hoarded by the turmoil of ages. Cities with their thousands of people, a country with its thousands of inhabitants, while in city and country the lofty spires of churches and school houses are evidences of the social, moral, and intellectual conditions. All this change in material things has been brought about by the incoming of a new people from the far-off east and south, and that, too, within the space of half a century. History furnishes no parallel to the rapid development of this western country; it has been a chain whose links were ever recurring surprises, and among the astonished, there are none more so than those whose throbbing brains have planned and whose busy hands have executed the work. Almost a century ago, a friend of America, although an English- man^ in language almost prophetic, wrote : " Westward the course of empire tikes its way. The four first acts already past. The fifth shall close the drama of the day; Time's noblest offering is the last." The settlement of the new world, alluded to by the writer, has, as a whole, fully met the conditions of that prophecy, but not till the past half a century did the onward march of empire culminate in the settle- HISTORY 01- CLINTON' COUNTV. 8l mcnt of Northwest Missouri. Witli tlic exception of a few mining towns in the gold regions of California, and the sil\er districts of Colorado, nothing has been like it before, and it will not be exceeded in time to come. This has not been by an accident. All kinds of material development follow recognized and well established laws, and in nothing does this fact more reveal itself than in the settlement of a country. Whoever has made it his business to study the "Great Northwest," as it has unfolded itself in history, during the last quarter of a century, has doubtless met with ever returning wonders. The story of its unparalleled growth, and almost phenomenal development, has so often been repeated that it has become a common place platitude ; but a care- ful study of the country will suggest questions which have, thus far, not been answered, and cannot be. Why, for instance, have some sections filled up so rapidly, and certain cities sprung up as if by magic, while others, seemingly no less favored by nature, are still in the first stages of development .^ These questions cannot, in all cases, be answered ; but whoever has studied the matter carefully, cannot fail to have discovered " a law of growth, which is as unvarying as any law of nature. The two leading factors in the problem of municipal growth, are, location and character of first settlers. The location of Clinton County was most favorable, and what is true of Clinton County, is true of the whole state. More than half of the state is surrounded by two of the most renowned water courses of the world, and one will readily see that it possesed advantages enjoyed by no other state in the Union. These conditions, so favorable to the past and future development of the coun- try, are beautifully illustrated b)- an ingenious little poem, entitled " Two Ancient Misses," written by a gentleman who has won a wide- spread reputation at the bar. We here quote it, as it well illustrates our point, and is of sufficient merit to be preserved : TWO ANCIENT MISSES. I know two ancient misses Who ever onward go, From a cold and rigid northern clime, Through a land of wheat, and corn, and wine, To the southern sea where the fig, and the lime, And the golden orange grow. In graceful curves they wind about, Upon their long and lonely route. Among the beauteous hills; They never cease their onward step, Though day and night they're dripping wet. And oft with the i-Ieet and snow beset, And sometimes with the chills. 82 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. The one is a romping, dark brunette, As fickle and as gay as any coquette; She glides along by the western plains, And changes her bed every time it rains ; Witching as any dark-eyed houri, This romping, wild brunette, Missouri. The other is placid, mild and fair, With a gentle, sylph-like, quiet air, And a voice as sweet as a soft guitar; She moves along the meadows and p.irks Where naiads play /Eolian harps — Nor ever go by fits and starts — No fickle coquette of the city, But gentle, constant Mississippi. X love the wild and dark brunette Because she is a gay coquette; Her, too, I love, of quiet air, Because she's gentle, true and fair ; The land of my birth, on the east and the west. Embraced by these is doubly blest— 'Tis hard to tell which T love best. In entering upon the work before us, we have not underestimated the difficulty and importance of the task. The chief difficulty lies in the fact that the events to be treated, while they have to do with the past, are so intimately interwoven with the present that they are prop- erly a part of it. The writer of history, as a general thing, deals wholly with the affairs of past generations, and his aim is to pause when he arrives at that realm bounded by the memory of men now living. The whole field of our investigation lies this side of that boundary line, as there are a few who will doubtless peruse this work, who, from the first, have witnessed and taken part in the events we shall attempt to relate. While there are a few who came to Clinton County as early as 1828, its permanent settlement did not properly begin until 1833. Assum- ing 1833 to be the beginning of the history proper, there have elapsed but forty-eight years, and a few who came at that time, or shortly afterwards, still live in our midst. And such, while they have grown prematurely old in body by reason of the hardships and privations inci- dent upon a life of more than ordinary activity and trial, have not grown old in spirit. Each one of such knows the history of the county, and, be it said, with due reverence for their hoary heads and bended forms, each one knows the history better than anyone else. Such readers are very uncharitable critics ; and a work of this kind, absolutely accurate in all its details and particulars, were it within the scope of human possibility to make such a work, would undoubtedly be pronounced, by many well meaning and honest persons, faulty and untrustworthy. This results from the fact that forty-eight years, though not a long period in the his- IIISTORV OI' CLINTON COUNTY. S3 tor\- of the workl, is a lonij time in tlie life of an individual. I'Acnts occurrini^ at that length of time in the past, we think we know perfectly well, when the fact is we know them very imperfectly. This is proved and illustrated by the reluctancy and hesitation manifested invariably by old settlers, when called upon to give the details of some early transac- tion ; the old settler usually hesitates before giving a date, and after having finally settled down upon the year and the month, when a certain event occurred, will probably hunt you up, in less than a day, and request the privilege of correcting the date. In the meantime, you have found another old settler, who was an eye witness of the act in question, and the date he will give you does not correspond with the first date, nor the corrected date as given by the first old settler. There are some marked exceptions, but as a rule the memory of the old settler is not trustworthy; his ideas of the general outlines arc usually comparatively correct, but no one who has the grace to put the proper estimate upon his mental faculties when impaired by age and weakened by the many infirmities of years will trust it to the arbitrament of questions of parti- culars and details. The stranger who comes into the county with none of the informa- tion which those possess who have resided here for years, works at a great disadvantage in many respects.- He does not at first know whom to interview, or where to find the custodians of, important records. How- ever, he possesses one great advantage which more than makes up for this : he enters upon his work with an unbiased mind ; he has no friends to reward, and no enemies to punish ; his mind is not preoccupied and prejudged by reports which may have incidentally come into his posses- sion while transacting the ordinary affairs of business ; and when in addi- tion to this, he is a person whose business it is to collect statements and weigh facts of history, he is much better qualified for the task, and to dis- criminate between statements, seemingly of equal weight, than those who either immediately or remotely are interested parties, and whose regular employment lies in other fields of industry. This is true, even though the former be a total stranger and the latter have become familiar with men and things by many years of intercourse and acquaintanceship. He is best judge and best juror who is totally unacquainted with both plaintiff and defendant, and he is best qualified to arbitrate between con- flicting facts of history who comes to the task without that bias which is the price one must pay for acquaintanceship and familiarity. The best history of France was written by an Englishman, and the most authentic account of American institutions was written by a Frenchman, and it remained for an American to write the only authentic history of the Dutch Republic. The American people are much given to reading, but the character of the matter read is such, that, with regard to a large proportion of them, 84 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. it may truthfully be said that " truth is stranger than fiction." Espe- cially is this the case in respect to those facts of local history belonging to their own immediate county and neighborhood. This is, perhaps, not so much the fault of the people as a neglect on the part of the book pub- lishers. Books, as a rule, are made to sell, and in order that a book may have a large sale its matter must be of such a general character as to be applicable to general rather than special conditions — to the nation and state rather than to county and township. Thus it is that no histories heretofore published pertain to matters relating to count)' and neighbor- hood affairs, for such books, in order to have a sale over a large section of country, must necessarily be verj' voluminous and contain much matter of no interest to the reader. After having given a synopsis of the history of the state, which is as brief as could well be, we shall then enter upon the history of the county. The physical features of the county and its geology, will first engage our attention ; then the act under which the county was organized and the location of the first county seat. We shall then speak of the first settlements. Pioneer times will then be described, and incidents related showing the trials and triumphs of the pioneer settler. Then the settlement of the townships. Then county organiza- tion, courts and first records, the early bench and bar, Mexican war, California emigrants, old settlers' reunions, the civil war, and subsequent events, etc. Then we shall speak of agriculture, the growth and pros- perity of the county, manufactures, newspapers, schools, churches, rail- roads, public buildings, enterprises, citizens, etc. We shall give a bio- graphical directory, the value of which will increase with years, and conclude with a chapter of facts and miscellaneous matter. The compiler of a history of a county has a task which may seem to be comparatively easy, and the facts which come within the legitimate scope of the work may appear commonplace when compared with national events ; the narration of the peaceful events attending the con- quests of industry as " Westward the course of empire takes its way," may seem tame when compared with accounts of battles and sieges. Nevertheless, the faithful gathering, and the truthful narration of facts bearing upon the early settlement of this county, and the dangers, hard- ships and privations encountered by the early pioneers, engaged in advancing the standards of civilization, is a work of no small magnitude, and the facts thus narrated are such as may challenge the admiration and arouse the sympath}- of the reader, though they have nothing to do with the feats of arms. THE N.\ME. It has been intimated by one. that there is nothing in a name, but a name sometimes means a great deal. In many instances it indicates, in HISTORY OK Cl.IN'TOX COUNTY. 8$ a measure, tlic character of tlie people wlio settle the county, and have i^iven to it its distincti\'e characteristics. Names are sometimes given to towns and countries by accident; sometimes they originate in the childish caprice of some one individual, whose dictate, by reason of some real or imaginary superiority, is law. However, in this instance, the county did not receive its name by accident ; neither did it originate in the \'agaries of one man, but the christening took place after mature deliberation and by general consent. At the period of the organization of the county, the man after whom it was named had then been dead four years. He had not only distinguished himself as Governor of the great state of New York, but his ability and influence had been felt and acknowledged in the council chambers of the nation. To him belonged the credit of successfully inaugurating and carrying through the con- struction of the Erie Canal, which was decidedly the greatest public improvement of that age. Just after the completion of this canal, and when its commercial advantages were beginning to be appreciated, and when the name of DeWitt Clinton had become known and honored tliroughout the land, the small area of territory, now known as Clinton County, was christened. Whether or not the policy of naming counties after illustrious states- men and famous generals be a good one, it has, nevertheless, been fol- lowed, to a greater or less extent, in the various states throughout the Union, and none more so than in Missouri, as is illustrated by the fol- lowing named counties: Atchison, Barton, Bates, Benton, Buchanan, Clay, Clark, Dallas, Lewis, Pike, Polk, Taney, Randolph, Washington, Web- ster, Jackson, and many others. A brief sketch of the man whose name the county bears will be in place here : DeWitt Clinton, an American statesman born at Little Britain, in the State of New York, in 1769, was the son of a gentleman of English extraction who served as brigadier-general in the war of independence, and of a lady belonging to the famous Dutch family of DeWitts. He was educated at Columbia College, and, in 1778, he was admitted to the bar. He at once joined the Republican party, among the leaders of which was his uncle, George Clinton, Governor of New York, whose secretary he became. At the same time he held the office of Secretary to the Board of Regents of the University and to the Commisioners of Fortifications. In 1797, he was elected member of the Assembly ; in 1798, member of the Senate of the State of New York ; and, in 1801, member of the Senate of the United States. For twelve years, with three short breaks, which amounted to only three years, he occupied the position of Mayor of New York. He was also again member of the Sen- ate of New York, from 1803 to 181 i, and Lieutenant-Governer of the State from iSii to 1813. In 1S12, he became a candidate for the Presi- denc\-, Ijut was defeated by Matlison and lost even his Licutcnant-Gov- 86 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. ernorship. Throughout his whole career, Clinton had been distinguished by his intelligent support of all schemes of improvement, and he now devoted himself to carrying out the proposal for the construction of canals from Lakes Erie and Champlain to the river Hudson. The Fed- eral Government refused to undertake the work ; but some time after, in 1815, the year in which he finally lost the mayoralty, he presented a memorial on the subject to the Legislature of New York, and the Legis- lature appointed a commission, of which he was made a member, to make surveys and draw up estimates. Having thus recovered his popularity, in 1816, Clinton was once more chosen Governor of the state ; in 1819, he was re-elected, and again in 1824 and 1826. In 1825, the Erie Canal was completed ; and he afterwards saw the work, which owed so much to him, carried on by the construction of important branch canals. Thus much have we deemed proper to be said with regard to the person for whom the county was named. So much every boy or girl, whose home is within the bounds of the county should know, and less than this would certainly be unsatisfactory to one whose mind has ever been lead to the investigation of the county's history. ^^=^^ CHAPTER II. PHYSICAL FEATURES. LOCATION-BOUNDARV-CIVII. AND CI >NGRESSIONAL TOWNSHI Pi-SURFACE-STREAMi— TIMBER-nS IMPORTANCE TO EARLY SETTLERS-CLIMATE-RAINFALL-HEAL TH— PRAIRIE-WASTE LAND. Clinton County, is in the center of the great bend of the Missouri River, which commences at St. Joseph and ends at Lexington, lying about the same distance from the river on the west as on the south — twenty-eight miles. It is nearly the same parallel as Philadelphia, Col- umbus, Indianapolis, Denver, and San Francisco, and about the same meridian as Lake Itasca and Galveston. It is bounded on the north by DeKalb County, on the east by Cald- well and Ray, on the south by Clay, and on the west by Buchanan and Platte, and contains 269,000 acres, or about four hundred and twenty square miles. Missouri is divided into one hundred and fourteen coun- ties, Clinton being the smallest in area excepting Clay, Cole, DeKalb, Dunklin, Grundy, Hickory, Mississippi, Moniteau, New Madrid, Schuy- ler, Scott, Warren, and Worth. Texas is the largest county, containing 700,000 acres, and Dunklin is the smallest, having an area of 110,799 acres. Clinton County has an altitude of about 1,000 feet above the level of the sea, and is four hundred feet above Chicago, and about six hun- dred feet above St. Louis. It is divided into nine civil townships, six full congressional townships and ten fractional. The civil townships are Jackson, Atchison, Hardin, Platte, Shoal, Lathrop, Concord, Lafayette, and Clinton. SURF.VCK. The land in the county, away from the streams, is undulating prairie, and has altogether a diversity of country seldom found in so small a space. Rising to the higher points of ground, the eye commands views of exquisite loveliness, embracing the silvery course of the stream, the waving foliage of trees, the changing outlines of gentle ele- Aations, and the undulating surface of flower-decked prairie, with culti- vated farms, farm houses, including the log-hut of the first settler to the brick or painted houses and barns of the more advanced cultivator of the soil and the palatial mansions of the wealth)- stock raiser and capitalist. 8s HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. The count}- has less land unfitted for cultivation, by reason of sloughs and marshes, than perhaps any of the neighboring counties. There is not a section of country of equal extent, in the state, that pos- sesses a better distributed drainage system than Clinton County. There is, proportionately, such a small area of waste and swamp lands, and the facilities for drainage are so admirable, that waste lands, arising from this cause, are too insignificant to be worthy of particular mention. The county presented to the first settler an easy task in subduing the wild land. Its natural prairies were fields almost ready for the planting of the crop, and its rich, black soil seemed to be awaiting the opportunity of paying rewards as a tribute to the labor of the husband- man. The farms of Clinton County are generally large, level or undu- lating, unbroken by impassable sloughs, without stumps or other obstruc- tions, and furnish the best of conditions favorable to the use of reaping machines, mowers, corn planters, and other kinds of labor-saving^ machinery. STREAMS. Clinton County is so well supplied with living streams of water,, and they are so well distributed that the people of the county could not possibly make an improvement upon the arrangement, if they were allowed the privilege and endowed with the power to make a readjust- ment of the system of streams and water courses. Some of these streams have fine mill sites, and, by reason of the water power, thus made so accessible, the early settler was spared many of the hardships and inconveniences experienced by the pioneers of other sections. The largest stream in the county is Smith's Fork of the Platte. It enters the county at the northeast corner, and flows in a southwesterly direction, emptying into Platte River. Shoal Creek is in the eastern part of the county, and empties into Crooked River. Cas- tile Creek runs through the western part of the county, and empties into the Platte. Besides these, there are Horse Fork, Clear Creek,. Robert's Branch, Deer Creek, and other smaller streams. These streams are clear and never failing. Springs are abundant and good, and pure water can be obtained in any part of the county by digging from twenty to forty feet. TIMBER. ' M?jestic woods of ev'ry vigorous green, .Stage above stage high waving o'er the hills, Or to the far horizon wide diffused, A boundless deep immensity of shade." The circumstance which more than any other favored the early and rapid settlement of Clinton County was tlie abundance of timber, of HISTORY OK CLINTON COUNTY. 8g which there are fully sixty thousand acres. The presence of timber aided materially in bringing about an early settlement and it aided in two ways: first, the county had to depend on immigration from the older set- tled states of the Union for its population — Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky, Vir- ginia and Tennesse. These states were originally almost entirely covered with dense forests, and farms were made by clearing off certain portions of the timber. Almost every farm there, after it became thoroughly improved, still retained a certain tract of timber, commonly known as "the woods." The woods is generally regarded as the most important part of the farm, and the average farmer regarded it as indispensable when he immigrated west. The great objection to the country was the scarcity of timber as compared to the eastern states, and he did not suppose that it would be possible to open up a farm on the bleak prairie. To live in a region devoid of the familiar sight of timber seemed unendurable, and the aver- age Ohio, Indiana and Kentucky emigrant could not endure the idea of founding a home far away from the familiar sight of fore .t trees. Then again the idea entertained by the early emigrants that timber was a necessity, was not simply theoretical and ethical. The early settler had to have a house to live in, fuel for cooking and heating purposes, and fences to enclose his claim. At that time there were no railroads whereby lumber could be transported from the pineries ; no coal mines had yet been opened or discovered. Timber was an absolute necessity, without which personal existence, as well as material improvement, was an impossibility. No wonder that a gentleman from the east, who in earl)- times came to the prairie region of Missouri on a prospecting tour with a view of permanent location, returned home in disgust and embodied his views of the country in the following rhyme : • Oh, lunesome. windy, gras-y place. Where buffalo and snakes prevail; The first with dreadful looking face. The last with dreadful sounding tail! Id rather live on camel hump, .And be a Yankee Doodle beggar, Thin where I never see a s^ump, .\nd -hake tn death with fever 'n 'ager." As before remarked, there are two reasons why the first settlers refused to locate at a distance from the timber, and why the timbered regions bordering upon the rivers became densely populated while the more fertile and more easily cultivated prairies remained for many years unclaimed. The pioneers were in the main the descendants of those hardy backwoodsmen who conquered the dense forests of the south and east. VV'hen farms were opened up in those countries a large belt of timber was invariably reserved from which the farmer could draw his go HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. supply of logs for lumber for fence rails, and fuel for heating and cook- ing purposes. Even at the present day a farm without its patch of timber is exceedingly rare in those countries. Having from their j'outh up been accustomed to timber, the emigrant from these timbered regions of the east would have ever felt lonesome and solitary deprived of the familiar sight of the tall forest trees and shut off from the familiar sound of the wind passing through the branches of the venerable oaks. Then again, timber was an actual necessitj' to the early settler. In this day of railroads, herd laws, cheap lumber and cheap fuel, it is easy enough to open a farm and build up a comfortable home away out on the prairie, far from the sight of timber. But not so under the circumstances sur- rounding the first settlers. There was no way of shipping lumber from the markets of the East, coal mines were unknown, and before a parcel of land could be cultivated it was necessary to fence it. In order to settle the prairie countries it was necessary to have railroads, and in order to have railroads it was necessary that at least a portion of the country should be settled. Hence the most important resource in the development of this western country was the belts of timber which skirted the streams ; and the settlers who first hewed out homes in the timber, while at present not the most enterprising and progressive, were nevertheless an essential factor in the solution of the problem. Much of this primeval forest has been removed ; part of it was economically manufactured into lumber, which entered into the con- struction of the early dwelling houses, many of which still remain ; much of it was ruthlessly and recklessly destroyed. From the fact that attention was early given to the culture of artificial groves, Clinton County now has probably about as much timber as formerly, and the state much more. Among the most abundant of all trees originally found was the black walnut, so highly prized in all countries for manufacturing purposes. Timber of this kind was very plentiful and of good quality originally, but the high prices paid for this kind of timber presented itself as a tempta- tion to destroy it, which the people, frequently in straightened circum- stances, could not resist. Red, white and black oak are still very plentiful, although they have for many years been extensively used as fuel. Crab apple, elm, maple, ash, cottonwood and wild cherry are also found. Some of the best timber in the state is to be found in this county. A line of timber follows the course of all the streams. Detached gro\es, both natural and artificial, are found at many places throughout the county, which are not only ornamental, in that they vary the monot- ony of the prairie, but likewise very useful, in that they have a very important bearing on the climate. It is a fact fully demonstrated by the best of authorit)- that climate \-aries with the surface of a country. 1IISH)KV OK CMNTON COUXTV. 9I CI, I MATH. The climate is what is generally termed a healthful one, subject, how- e\er, to the sudden change from heat to cold. The winters, however, are as a general thing uniform, although there seems to have been some modifications in the climate during the past few years, resulting, doubt- less, from the changes which have taken place in the physiognomy of the countrj". The average \-earl\' rainfall and melted snow, for twenty-five years, has been 36.62 inches. The average rainfall and melted snow, for each month respectively, for this period, has been as follows: January, 1.68 inches; February, 1.67 ; March, 2.10 : April, 3.49; May, 4.39 ; June, 4.75 ; July, 4.69 ; August, 4.66 ; September, 3.30 ; October, 2.33 ; November, 1.69 ; December, 1.89 inches. The rain and melted snow for winter, 5.25 inches; spring, 9.25 ; summer, 14.10; autumn, 7.32 inches. The following article, from the pen of William I. Heddens, M. D. Professor of the Theory and Practice of Medicine in the College of Phy- sicians and Surgeons, in St. Joseph, Missouri, was published in a recent issue of the St. Joseph Gazette, and is applicable to the whole of North- west Missouri : "Almost the whole of the Platte Purchase, and the country con- tiguous thereto, is healthful and singularly free from consumption, asthma, bronchitis, laryngitis, and the diseases most dreaded by the inhabitants of the Eastern States. It is seldom that typhoid or other fever prevails, and it is unusual that epidemics of any kind exist. The climate is dry and pure. The few localities that are by nature unhealthful, can almost all of them be made healthful by a little foresight. The malarial fevers, so common in the Western and Southern States, are almost certain to be confined to the river bottoms, and are of a much milder character than those originating further south and west. There is scarcelj' any rheumatism in this climate, and what few cases there are, are mild in comparison with low and moist localities. In fact, as to climate, and to all climatic, teluric and other influences ; in regard to pure and cold water, free from mineral and other poisons ; drainage, wholesome vege- table and animal products, cereals and fruits, no country can boast of superiority in all that pertains to a man's health, strength and longevity, over the famous ' Platte Purchase.' "As ' wild ' grasses are subdued, and ' tame ' ones take their places — as the prairies are changed into wheat fields and corn fields, and swamps are drained, shade trees planted in some places and forests thinned in others — when roads are opened and dwellings modernized as is rapidly being done, it will then be the most healthfully improved country, as it is now the most healthful by nature, of all the Western States. A climate that is never too cold in winter nor too hot in summer for health ; where 92 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. neither drought nor wet seasons exist, but enough variety of temperature of seasons, combined with its altitude and latitude and healthy atmos- phere to produce the highest and best types of the lower animals, as well as man, my prediction is that the human beings who will in the near future dwell here, will be both physically and mentally superior to those born and reared in either a colder or warmer climate. They will be freer from all zymotic and other diseases which render feeble both mind and body in other climates. The child born here should grow to healthy, vigorous maturity, with great nerve force, energy and perse- verance, without any sickness e.xcept of an accidental nature, and ought to be ashamed to die before the age of seventy-five years." PRAIRIE. ■ Lo ! they stretch In airy undula As if an ocean in its gentlest swell Stood still, with all its rounded billows fi.\ed And motionless forever. Motionless? No, they are all unchained again. The clouds Sweep over with their shadows, and beneath, The surface rolls and fluctuates to the eye; Darl{ shadows ieem to glide along and chase The sunny ridges. Breezes of the South ! Who toss the golden and flame-like flowers, And pass the prairie hawk, that, poised on high, Flaps his broad wings, yet moves not— ye have played Among the palms of Mexico and vines Of Texas, and have crisped the limpid brooks That from the fountains of Sonora glide Into the calm Pacific— have ye fanned A nobler or lovelier scene than this ? Man hath no part in all this glorious work? The hand that built the firmament hath heaved And smoothed these verdant swells, and sown their hopes With herbage, planted them with island groves, And hedged them round with forests Fitting floor For this magnificent temple of the sky — With flowers who«e glory and whose multitude Rival the constellations? The great heavens Seem to stoop down upon the scene in love — A^nearer vault, and a tenderer hue Than that which bends above the eastern hills " A little more than one-fourth of the county is prairie, and of a very excellent quality. In fact there is no better soil in the state, than that found in the prairies of Clinton County. On nearly all of the divides between the running streams, are found large tracts of beautiful, rolling prairie lands, well drained, easily cultivated, highly productive and con- veniently located to water, timber, mills and markets. The character of HISTORY OF CI.IXTON COLNTV. 93 the soil in these prairies is such that good crops are raised even during tlie very wet and very dry seasons. The soil is light and porous, so that ten hours of bright sunshine will drj- the roads after a heavj- rain and fit the plowed fields to be cultivated. The same peculiarity of soil which enables crops to withstand much moisture and thrive during a very wet season, also enables them to endure prolonged drouths — the soil, being very porous, is capable of absorbing a large amount of water during the rainy season, and when the drouth sets in, the forces of nature bring back to the surface the surplus moisture from the subterraneous storehouses with as much ease as the water in the first place was absorbed. This is not the case with that quality of soil commonly known as hard-pan ; the subsoil not being porous, only a small quantity of water is absorbed, after which it gathers on the surface in pools, and is then carried away b}- the process of evaporation ; drouth sets in, and as soon as the moist- ure is exhausted from the surface soil, plants wither and die. There is comparatively but little waste land from marshes in the county, and many years will not pass till these sloughs, by a proper sys- tem of drainage, will be converted into corn fields. Coal. — There have been no geological surveys made of Clinton County, hence the coal and mineral deposits, their depth under the sur- face of the earth, and their localit}- have never been ascertained. That there is coal cannot be doubted, but whether it lies near enough to the surface to ever be made available for practical purposes is a question w^hich remains to be solved. In 1873, the Plattsburg Coal Company, composed of Charles Birch, Moses Shoemaker, James M. Clay, Thomas McMichael, Joel Funkhouser, and others, commenced the work of boring for coal under the trestle-work of the railroad bridge in the east- tern limits of Plattsburg. Coal had been found at Richmond, Ray County, and it was belie\ed that the altitude here, was only about three hundred feet above that, and that coal would be reached when that depth was obtained. The company, however, prosecuted their labor until they had gone between two and three hundred feet, passing through quicks, soapstone, sandstone, etc., and finally abandoned the work before reach- ing the coal. BUILDING STONE. There is an abundance of building stone in the county, and much of it has been used in the construction of buildings, and at an early day, making stone fences. The limestone is of a superior quality, a fair sample of which may be seen in the court house, the steps of that building being stone taken from the native quarries which abound in different portions of the county. 94 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. MINERAL AVATER. Among the many objects of interest in Clinton County, are the springs of mineral water, located on "Smith's Fork" of Platte River, two and four miles, respectively, from Plattsburg, These springs were ana- lyzed by competent chemists, during the early part of the present year (1881.) Since then, parties suffering from rheumatism, and numerous other diseases and disabilities of a chronic nature, have visited them, for the purpose of not only drinking the waters, but to try their healing virtues by thorough and frequent baths. That these springs have been greatly beneficial to the sick and the afflicted who have used the water, there can be no doubt, as there are numbers of living witnesses who can tes- tify to this fact. Among the cases cured, are some of a remarkable character ; indeed, so much so, that full credence would not be given to the stories related, were the facts connected therewith not well substan- tiated by the parties themselves, and a large number of reputable citi- zens who live in the town of Plattsburg and surrounding country. No special importance was attached to either of these springs until the beginning of the year 18S1. We clip the following from the St. Joseph Gazette : PLATTSHURC; MINERAL SPRINGS are situated two miles south of the town of Plattsburg. The region around them is grandly picturesque and worthy the brush of an old master. To form an idea of the surroundings, imagine a vast natural basin, with the portion of the rim between the northwestern and northeastern points of the compass torn away. The remainder of the rim is repre- sented by a chain of hills, gently rising to the height of thirty or forty feet, and forming one of God's own theatres, from which all portions of the fair enclosure may be seen. Near the western rim is a deep ravine, in which the now famous springs are located. The banks of this ravine are covered with large trees which form a dense shade, beneath which, are quiet nooks and natural rustic chairs, which irresistibly invite the sick, the well, the old, the young to seek seclusion and repose. The gap in the rim of this basin is filled with about fifteen acres of native forest trees, making a park of great beauty and of no mean proportions. The remainder of the enclosure, about one hundred acres, is a level tract without trees and covered with blue grass. A race course will be made here in the immediate future, and will add much to the natural attractions of the place. North of the park is Smith's Fork of the Platte River, a stream containing an abundance of fish and affording fine opportunities for boating. IIISTORV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 95 The existence of the Plattsburg Mineral Springs has been known to many of the old residents for years, but the medicinal properties of their waters were not discovered until about the first of the present year. The published statements as to the wonderful cures being effected by other mineral waters brought forth the declaration of several old hunters and fishermen, that they knew of a spring within two miles of Plattsburg that gave forth water of peculiar taste and properties. This led parties to bring in quantities of the water, and to a careful examination of it by some of our home chemists ; and their favorable reports and the discus- sion of its probable merits, led quite a number of persons who were suffering from kidney derangements, indigestion, dyspepsia, scrofula, rheumatism, neuralgia, erysipelas, etc., to try it, and in nearly every instance with astonishing and wonderfully pleasing results. The reports from those thus experimenting with the water were taken hold of with much interest, and the excitement spread throughout the country. It was caught up by Mr. Thornton Guinn, a most respectable and reliable citizen of the county — seventy-eight years of age — who came forward, connecting the red m'en of the forest therewith. He says : " Sixty years ago, on the 6th day of April, he, in company with three other white men, older than himself, was traveling over the coun- try. There were no roads then, and Indian paths were followed. When the party got on the ridge extending southwest from Judge Birch's place, two and one-half miles southeast of where Plattsburg now stands, they were met by five Indians, who prevailed on them to pass by the 'Great Springs,' about two and a half miles south of the present town site. As the party were going in a northwesterly direction, they con- sented, and soon the Indians brought them to the famous springs, which they, pointing upward, said the ' Great Spirit' had given for healing pur- poses. They seemed to ascribe wonderful properties to the water of the springs, and regarded them with the most profound veneration. They, in their broken manner, tried to make the whites understand the value of the water." Mr. Guinn distinctly remembers that the Indians attached great importance to the water, and had great faith in its miraculous powers. This added materially to the excitement, and at once a quantity of the water was sent to ]\Iessrs. Wright & Merrill, the most noted scien- tists known to the country, and their report shows the result. Since obtaining the analysis, these springs have become immensely popular, and hundreds have been flocking to them daily, in all kinds of weather, carrying away the water by the wagon load, and from every direction the most pleasing and satisfactory reports come, bringing tidings, in some instances, of cures effected that arc truly wonderful. 96 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. MINERAL SPRINGS TOWN COMPANY. The following named parties still constitute the Mineral Springs Town Compan)- : George P. Funkhouser, W'm. Atchison, W. F. Davis, James A. Funkhouser and George N. Davis ; George P. Funkhouser, Treasurer and Secretarj-. Prior to June 24, the grounds on which the springs are situated, were simply leased ; but on that day a number of gentlemen, acting in perfect harmony with the above named company, agreed to join with them and buy the lands outright, and make extensive and all needed improvements on a substantial basis. Several buildings, including a hotel and bath house, have already been erected, and others are soon to follow. The following is the analysis and rendition made as to the quanti- tive constituents of the water of the Plattsburg Mineral Springs, by Messrs. Wright & Merrill, analytical chemists, of St. Louis, Missouri : Specific gravity, 1.0022; carbolic acid, abundant; reaction, alkaline; solid constituents, 13.58 grains ; carbonate calcium, 4.53 grains ; carbon- ate magnesia, .53 grains; carbonate iron, .83 grains; carbonate soda, 1.06 grains; sulphate calcium. 1.63 grains; alumina, .25 grains; silicai .7 grains ; organic matter, 3.97 grains ; free ammonia, a trace. "PEERLESS" SPRINGS are situated four miles southwest of Plattsburg, and four miles east of Grayson, on the farm of Jacob Walker, one of the oldest and most highly esteemed residents of the county. The natural scenery surrounding the Peerless Springs, is charming, and would not suffer by comparison with the scenery of the most noted and popular springs of the country. The grounds adjacent are high and gently rolling, sloping toward the west, and at a sufficient altitude to be above all malarial influences. Like the Plattsburg Mineral Springs, the Peerless are located near Smith's Fork of the Platte River, on the banks of a small stream, formed by springs above, and uniting with the former stream some two hundred yards below. A range of bluffs or high land, between two and three hundred yards to the westward and northwest, gracefully curves in a southeast direction, where it abruptly terminates at the banks of Smith's Fork. These hills are covered with a growth of native forest trees, mostly black and white oak, and afford the densest shade, which is ever an important consideration to those who try the healing properties of water cures. Here the parties interested have laid out a town, since March, 1881, the nucleus of which has already been formed, by the erection of several neat and substantial frame buildings, designed for residences and business houses. IIISTORV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 97 The basin to the east, where the springs arc located, embraces about five acres ot ground. In the northeast corner of this basin, just at the foot of the blufts, and about three hundred yards from the Peer- less Springs, there is a spring (limestone) of most excellent water, cold and pure. It is the intention of the proprietors to utilize the waters of this spring in beautifying and adorning the grounds which lie adjacent to the Peerless Springs. About the center of these grounds, there will be erected, at no distant day, a fountain, supplied by the fresh water spring above mentioned. The entire ground in the basin will be leveled off and set in grass, shrubbery and shade trees, with nicely arranged walks and rustic seats ; in fact, every comfort and convenience will be furnished the visitor, whether he seeks the gratification of mere idle curiosity, or seeks the health renewing properties of the springs. About eighty feet from the spring which has been analyzed, are two springs, very strongly impregnated with sulphur water. Nearby, is still another spring the water of which is as soft as rain water. There are grouped together then, within the radius of eighty feet, four springs, each differing in the character of their water, and all said to possess medical qualities which contribute to the relief of a variety of human maladies. The Peerless Springs Company is composed of the following par- ties : \V. W. Scutt, John Walker, Tyler Elliott, T. H. Walker and D. H. Lindsay. D. H. Lindsay is trustee, and T. H. Walker, secretar\- and treasurer. The following is the analysis and rendition made as to the quanti- tive constituents of the water of Peerless Springs, by Messrs. Wright & Merrill, analytical and practical chemists, St. Louis, Missouri : Specific gravity, 1.0024 grains ; carbolic acid, abundant ; total solids, per gallon, 17.44 grains; carbonate lime, 4.26 grains; carbonate iron, 1.90 grains; carbonate magnesia, .50 grains ; chloride magnesia, 1.58 grains ; chloride sodium, 3.Q4 grains ; chloride potassium, 82 grains; sulphate magnesia, .98 grains; sulphate iron, 1.04 grains; soluble silica, .92 grains; silica, .84 grains^ organic matter, .35 grains; alumina and loss, 1.2 1 grains. CHAPTER III. LEGISLATIVE ACT ORGANIZING CLINTON COUNTY-APPOINTMENT OF COMMISSIONERS TO LOCATE COUNTY SEAT-ORGANIZATION OF THE COUNTY-FIRST COURTS- THEIR WORK— TOWNSHIPS ERECTED— ELKCTION PRECINCTS— ROADS-ETC. The following is the act of the General Assembly of Missouri (1833) under which Clinton County was organized and its boundary defined : AN ACT TO ORGANIZE THE COUNTY OF CLINTON. Be it resolved by the General Assembly of the State of Missouri, [as fol- low s:~\ 1. The portion of territory heretofore attached to the County of Clay, in the State of Missouri, lying within the following boundaries, to wit : commencing at the northwest corner of the County of Clay, running thence with the boundary line of the state north, to the middle of town- ship fifty-seven ; thence with the middle of said township east, to the boundary line of said tract, so attached to Clay County ; thence with the said boundary south, to the Clay County line ; and thence with the said line to the beginning, be, and the same is hereby declared to be a sepa- rate and distinct county, to be known and called by the name of Clinton, in honor of DeWitt Clinton, of New York. 2. David R. Atchison, John Long and Howard Everett, be, and they are hereby appointed commissioners for the purpose of selecting the seat of justice for the said County of Clinton ; and the said commis- sioners are hereby vested with all the powers granted to commissioners, under the law entitled An act for the organizing of counties hereafter established, approved January the 14th, 1825. 3. The said County of Clinton shall be added to, and form a part of the fifth judicial circuit, and the circuit courts of said county shall be held on the Fridays following the second Monday in the months of Febru- ary, June and October, in every year, until otherwise provided by law. '4. The county courts of said county shall be held on the first Mon- days of February, May, August and November. 5. The courts to be holden in said county shall be held at the house of Samuel G. Biggerstaff, in said county, until the tribunal transacting county business shall fix on a temporary seat of justice for said county. 6. The remainder of the country heretofore attached to the county of Clay, which is not included within the boundaries of the said county of Clinton, shall be, and the same is hereby attached to the county of Clinton for all civil, judicial and military purposes. 7. The Governor may, by and with the advice and concurrence of the Senate, appoint three persons to hold and e.xercise the offices of justices of the county court of said county, and the parties so appointed and commissioned shall continue in office until the next general elec- HISTOKV OK Cl.IXTON COUNTY. 99 tion, and until their successors in office will be duly appointed and qualified, as the law directs; and said court, after the organization thereof, will moreover appoint all county officers ; the appointment of which is not otherwise pro\ided for by the existintj laws, or the consti- tution of the state. 8. All money due the • acres ^ b ' ■ d Congressional townships, as we have seen, are six miles squares of land, made by the township and range lines, while civil or municipal townships are civil divisions, made for purposes of government, the one having no reference to the other, though similar in name. On the county map we see both kinds of townships — the congressional usually designated by numbers and in squares ; the municipal or civil township by name and in various forms. By the measurement thus made by the Government the courses and distances are defined between any two points. St. Louis is in township 44 north, range 8 east, and Independence is in township 49 north, range 32 west ; how far, then are Kansas (Zity and St. Louis apart on a direct line.' St. Louis is forty townships east — 240 miles — and five townships south — thirty miles; the base and perpendicular of a right-angled tri- angle, the hypothenuse being the required distance. ORGANIZATION OF TOWNSHIPS. The "township," as the term is used in common phraseology, in many instances, is widely distinguished from that of " town," though many persons persist in confounding the two. " In the United States, many of the states are divided into townships of five, six, seven, or per- haps ten miles square, and the inhabitants of such townships are vested with certain powers for regulating their own affairs, such as repairing roads and providing for the poor. The township is subordinate to the county." A " town " is simply a collection of houses, either large or small, and opposed to " country." HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTV. II5 The most important features connected with this system of town- ship surveys should be thoroughly understood by every intelligent farmer and business man ; still there are some points connected with the understanding of it, which need close and careful attention. The law which established this system required that the north and south lines should correspond exactly with the meridian passing through that point; also that each township should be six miles square. To do this would be an utter impossibility, since the figure of the earth causes the meridians to converge toward the pole, making the north line of each township shorter than the south line of the same township. To obviate the errors which are, on this account, constantl)- occurring, correction lines are established. They are parallels bounding a line of townships on the north, when lying north of the principal base ; on the south line of townships when lying south of the principal base, from which the surveys, as they are continued, are laid out anew; the range lines again starting at correct distances from the principal meridian. In Michigan these correction lines are repeated at the end of every tenth township, but in Oregon they have been repeated with every fifth township. The instructions to the surveyors have been that each range of townships should be made as much over six miles in width on each base and cor- rection line as it will fall short of the same width where it closes on to the next correction line north ; and it is further provided that in all cases, where the exterior lines of the townships shall exceed, or shall not extend si.x miles, the excess or deficiency shall be specially noted, and added to or deducted from the western or northern sections or half sections in such township, according as the error may be in running the lines from east to west, or from south to north. In order to throw the excess of deficiencies on the north and on the west sides of the town- ship, it is necessary to survey the section lines from south to north, on a true meridian, leaving the result in the north line of the township to be governed by the convexit\- of the earth, and the convergenc}- of the meridians. Navigable rivers, lakes and islands are " meandered" or surveyed by the compass and chain along the banks. " The instruments employed on these surveys, besides the solar compass, are a surveying chain thirty- three feet long, of fifty links, and another of smaller wire, as a sta'^dard to be used for correcting the former as often at least as every other day, also eleven tally pins, made of steel, telescope, targets, tape measure and tools for marking the lines upon trees or stones. In surveying through woods, trees intercepted by the line are marked with two chips or notches, one on each side ; these are called sight or line trees. Sometimes other trees in the vicinity are blazed on two sides quartering toward the line ; but if some distance from the line the two blazes should be near together on the side facing the line. These are found to be permanent marks, not Il6 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. only recognizable for many years, but carrying with them their own age by the rings of growth around the blaze, which may at any subsequent time be cut out and counted as years ; and the same are recognized in courts of law as evidence of the date of the survey. They cannot be obliterated by cutting down the trees or otherwise, without leaving evi- dence of the act. Corners are marked upon trees if found at the right spots, or else upon posts set in the ground, and sometimes a monument of stones is used for a township corner, and a single stone for section corner; mounds of earth are made where there are no stones nor timber. At the corners the four adjacent sections are designated by distinct marks cut into a tree, one in each section. These trees, facing the corner, are plainly marked with the letters B. T. (bearing tree) cut into the wood. Notches cut upon the corner posts or trees indicate the num- ber of miles to the outlines of the township, or if on the boundaries of the township, to the township corners." TOWNSHIPS N.VMED .\Nn DESCRIBED. On Tuesday the "th da}- of December, 1871, the county court made the following order in reference to naming and describing the municipal townships: " It is ordered b)- the court that Clinton Count}- be, and the same is hereby subdivided into nine municipal townships, named and described as follows, to wit : SHO.\E TOWNSHIP begins at the northeast corner of section 24, in township 57, of range 30; thence south to the southeast corner of section 24, in township 56, of range 30; thence west to the southwest corner of section 19, in township 56, of range 30 ; thence north 286 links, to the southeast corner of section 24, in township 56, of range 31 ; thence west to the southwest corner of said section 24, in township 56, of range 31 ; thence north to the northwest corner of section i, in township 56, of range 31 ; thence west 21 links to the southwest corner of section 36, in township 57, of range 31 ; thence north to the northwest corner of section 24, in township 57, of range 31 ; theaice east to the northeast corner of section 24, in township 57, of range 31 ; thence north 164 links to the northwest corner of section 19, in township 57, of range 30; thence east to the place of beginning. rL.\TTE TOWNSHIP begins at the southeast corner of section 23, in township 57, of range 31 ; thence south to the southeast corner of section 35, in said township and range ; thence east 21 links to the northeast corner of section 2, in IIISTORV OK CI.IXTON COUNTY. 11/ township 56, of range 31 ; thence south to the southeast corner of sec- tion 23, in said township 56, of range 31 ; thence west to the soutliwest corner of section 19, in said township 56, of range 31 ; thence north 29 links to the southeast corner of section 24, in township 56, of range 32 ; thence west to the southwest corner of section 23, in said township 56, of range 32 ; thence north to the northwest corner of section 2, in said township 56, of range 32 ; thence east 198 links to the southwest corner of section 35, in township 57, of range 32 ; thence north to the north- west corner of section 23, in said township 57, of range 32 ; thence east to the northeast corner of section 24, in said township 57, of range 32 ; thence south 50 links, to the northwest corner of section 19, in town- ship 57, of range 31 ; thence east to the place of beginning. l..\F.\VETTE TOWXSHIl' begins at the northeast corner of section 22, in township 57, of range 32 ; thence south to the southeast corner of section 34, in said township and range; thence west 198 links, to the northest corner of section 3, in township 56, of range 32; thence south to the southeast corner of section 22, in said township 56, of range 32 ; thence west to the southwest corner of section 19, in said township 56, of range 32 ; thence north 61 links to the southeast corner of section 24, in township 56, of range 33 ; thence west, to the southwest corner of section 22, in said township 56, of range 33 ; thence west 600 links to the former west boundary of the State of Missouri ; thence north to the northeast corner of section 21, in township 57, of range t,Ti ; thence north 23 links ; thence east, 567 links, to the northwest corner of section 22, in said township 57, of range 33 ; thence east to the northeast corner of section 24, of said, township 57, ot range 33 ; thence north 162 links to the northwest corner of section 19. in township 57, of range 32 ; thence east to the place of beginning. I.ATHROI' TOWNSHir begins at the northeast corner of section 25, in township 56, of range 30; thence south to the southeast corner of section 36, in township 55. of range 30 ; thence west to the southwest corner of section 35, in township 55. of range 31 ; thence north to the northwest corner of said section 35 ; thence east to the northeast corner of said .section 35 ; thence north to the northwest corner of section i, in township 55, of range 31 ; thence west 14 links; thence north to the northwest corner of section 25, in township 56, of range 31 ; thence east to the northeast corner of said section 25; thence south, 286 links, to the northwest corner of section 30. in township 56, of range 30 ; thence east to the place of beginning. Il8 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. CONCORD TOWNSHIP begins at the northeast corner of section 26, in township 56, of range 31 ; thence south to the southeast corner of section 35, in said township 56, of range 31 ; thence east 14 links to the northeast corner of section 2, in township 55, of range 31 ; thence south to the southeast corner of section 26, in said township 55, of range 31 ; thence west to the west corner of section 30, in said township 55, of range 31 ; thence north 16 links to the southeast corner of section 25, in township 55, of range 32 ; thence west to the southwest corner of section 26, in said township 55, of range 32 ; thence north to the northwest corner of section 2, in said township 55, of range 32 ; thence east 163 links ; thence north to the northwest corner of section 26, in township 56, of range 32 ; thence east to the northeast corner of section 25, of said township 56, of range 32 ; thence south 29 links, to the northwest corner of section 30, in township 56, of range 31 ; thence east to the place of beginning. .ATCHISON TOWNSHIP begins at the northeast corner of section 27, in township 56, of range 32 ; thence south to the southeast corner of section 34, in said township and range: thence west 163 links to the northeast corner of section 3, in township 55, of range 32 ; thence south to the southeast corner of section 27, in said township 55, of range 32 ; thence west to the southwest corner of section 30, in said township 55, of range 32; thence south 83 links, to the southeast corner of section 25, in township 55, of range 33 ; thence west to the former state boundary of the State of Missouri; thence north to a point 13 links south of the southeast corner of section 21, in town- ship 56, of range 33 ; thence east 600 links to the southwest corner of section 22, in said township 56, of range 33 ; thence east to the northeast corner of section twenty-five, in said township 56, of range 33 ; thence south 61 links to the northwest corner of section 30, in township 56, of range 32 ; thence east to the place of beginning. J.ACKSON TOWNSHIP begins at the southeast corner of section i, township 54, of range 30; thence south to the southeast corner of section 25, in said township and range ; thence west to the southwest corner of section 30, in said town- ship and range ; thence north 20 links, to the southeast corner of section 25, in township 54, of range 31 ; thence west to the southwest corner of section 26, in said township 54, of range 31 ; thence north to the north- east corner of section 3, in said township 54, of range 31; thence cast, to the place of begining. HISTOKV OK CLINTON- COUNTY. 1 ig CLINTON TOWNSIIII- bcijins at the northeast corner of section 34, in township 55, of range 31 ; thence south to the southeast corner of said section ; thence east 34 links, to the northeast corner of section 3, in township 54, of range 31 ; thence south to tiie southeast corner of section 27, of said township 54, ■of range 31 ; thence west to the southwest corner of section 30, of said township 54, of range 31 ; thence south 58 links, to the southeast corner •of section 25, of township 54, of range 32 ; thence west to the south- -\vest corner of section 26, of said township 54, of range 32 ; thence north to the northwest corner of section 21, in said township 54, of range 32 ; thence east i(X) links; thence north to the northwest corner of sec- tion 35, in township 55, of range 32; thence east to the southeast corner of section 25, in said township 55, of range 32 ; thence south 16 links to the northwest corner of section 31, in township 55, of range 31 ; thence east to the place of beginning. HARDIN TOWNSHIP begins at the northeast corner of section 34, in township 55, of range 32; thence south to the southeast corner of said section 34; thence west 100 links, to the northeast corner of section 3, in township 54, of range 32 ; thence south to the southeast corner of section 27, in said township 54, of range 32 ; thence west to the southwest corner of sec- tion 30, in said township 54, and range 32 ; thence north 160 links, to the southeast corner of section 25, of township 54, of range ^;i ; thence west to the former west boundary of the State of Missouri ; thence north to the northwest corner of section 34, in township 55, of range 33 ; thence east to the southeast corner of section 25, in said township 55, of range 33 ; thence north 83 links, to the northwest corner of section 31, in township 55, of range 32 ; thence east to the place of beginning." At the November term of the county court, in 1873, the lines of Concord Township were changed, the change effecting, also, Clinton, l.athrop and Atchison Townships. The order of the court is as follows : " It is ordered by the court that the lines of Concord Township, shall be changed : to begin at the northeast corner of section 27, in township 56, of range 31 ; thence south to the southeast corner of section 34, in said township and range ; thence east, 14 links, to the northeast corner of section 3, in township 55, of range 31 ; thence south to the southeast corner of the northeast quarter of section 34, in township 55, of range 31; thence west to the southwest corner of the northwest quarter of section 34, township 55, of range 32 ; thence north to the northwest corner of section 3, in township 55, of range 32 ; thence east 163 links; thence north to the northwest corner of section 27, in township 56, of I20 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. range 32 ; thence east to the place of beginning. And it is further ordered, that the west line of Lathrop Township, the north line of Clin- ton Township, and the east line of Atchison Township be, and they are so changed, as to correspond with the above change and lines of Con- cord Township." CHAPTER V. EARLY SETTLEMENTS. IMFdRlANCK OF FIR-T BEGIN NINGS-WHEN AND VVHER E COMM ENCED. Every nation does not possess an authentic account of its origin^ neither do all communities have the correct data whereby it is possible to accurately predicate the condition of their first beginnings. Never- theless, to be intensely interested in such things is characteristic of the race, and it is particularly the province of the historian to deal with first causes. Should these facts, as is often the case, be lost in the myth- ical tradition of the past, the chronicler invades the realm of the ideal and compels his imagination to paint the missing picture. The patriotic Roman was not content till he had found the " First Settlers," and then he was satisfied, although they were found in the very undesirable com- pany of a wolf, and located on a drift, which the receding waters of the Tiber had permitted them \.o pre-empt. One of the advantages pertaining to a residence in a new country and one seldom appreciated, is the fact that we can go back to the first beginnings. We are thus enabled, not only to trace results to their causes, but also to grasp the facts which have contributed to form and mold these causes. We observe that a state or county has attained a certain position, and we at once try to trace out the reasons for this position in its early settlement and surroundings, in the class of men by whom it was peopled, and in the many chances and changes which have wrought out results in all the recorded deeds of mankind. In the history of Clinton County we may trace its early settlers to their homes in the Eastern States and in the countries of the Old World. We may follow the course of the hardy woodman of the "Buckeye" or the "Hoosier" state, or from Kentucky and Virginia on his way west " to grow up with the country," trusting only to his strong arm and his ■willing heart to work out his ambition of a home for himself and wife and a competence for his children. Again, we will see that others have been animated with the impulse to " move on," after making themselves a part of the community, and have sought the newer parts of the extreme west, where civilization had not penetrated, or returned to their native soil. We shall find much of that distinctive New England character which has contributed so many men and women to other portions of our state, and the west ; also, we shall find many an industrious native of 122 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. Germany or the Biitish Isles, and a few of the industrious and econom- ical French — all of whom have contributed to modify types of men already existing here. Those who have noted the career of the descendants of these brave, strong men, in subduing the wilds and overcoming the obstacles and withstanding the hardships of this country in early times, can but admit they are worthy sons of illustrious sires. In order to fully understand the settlement of Clinton County, we shall begin with the organization of Howard County, as far back as 1816. We do this, to show the origin of the county, and the extent of the ter- ritory from which it was first taken, and the subsequent divisions of that territory, as they were erected into new counties. In 18 16, Howard County was established out of a part of St. Louis and St. Charles Counties, and the boundary lines marked out as follows : Beginning at the mouth of the Great Osage River, to the Osage boundary line ; thence north with said boundary line, to the river Missouri ; thence up the Missouri River to a point opposite the Kansas River; thence with the Indian boundary line, in a northwardly direction, one hundred and forty miles ; .thence eastward to the main dividing ridge of high ground to the main fork of the river Cedar; thence down said river to the Mis- souri ; thence down the Missouri to the mouth of the Great Osage, the place of beginning. Howard County was first settled by Daniel Boone, Colonel Benja- min Cooper, and others, in 1807, and was named in honor of General Benjamin Howard, then Governor of Missouri. Some of the oldest citi- zens of Clinton County, are natives of Howard, and emigrated from thence at an early day. From Howard iCounty, the counties of Cooper, Chariton, Boone, Ray and other counties were organized. In 1822, it was enacted by the legislature of Missouri that all that section of country beginning in the middle of the main channel of the Missouri River, south of the range line, between twenty-nine and thirty, west of the fifth principal meridian; thence north with said range line, to the northern boundary of the state; thence west, to the northwest corner of the state ; thence south with the west line of the state to the main channel of the Missouri River; thence down said main channel to the beginning, be established and organized .as the county of Clay. With the history, then, of Clay County, begins the history of Clin- ton, which lies immediately adjoining its northern boundary. In speaking of the early settlements of the county, it will not be our purpose here to enter into details, or mention the names of each individual making these settlements ; this will be done in the follow- ing chapter, which will treat fully and more definitely of the settle- ments and settlers of the different townships. HISTORV OK CLINTON COl'NTV. I?3 \Vc propose to now give only a brief histor}\ or outline, of a few of the early settlements, their location, and the names of the pioneers who first pitched their tents in the territory now known as Clinton County. Land was entered here as early as 1825, but no permanent settler came until the year following. The first actual settlement, it appears, was made in 1S26, in the southwestern part of the county, now known as Jlardin Township, b)- parties from Clay Count)-. Shortlj' afterward, William Castile located on Castile Creek, from whom the stream took its name, in what is now known as Atchison Township. Here he opened the first farm in that section of country, and, in 1828, sold it to Moses McMahan, from Clay County. Mr. Castile, at the time of selling his claim, had cleared only about a half acre of ground, on which he had raised a garden. A few years after, Caleb McGill put up on Castile Creek, two miles south of the present town of Gower, the first saw mill in the township. The original settlers scattered along the edge of the timber, which, in that day, fringed Castile Creek, so as to be convenient to wood and water, the two great indispensable requisites of the early pioneer. But little time clasped from the date of the first settlement made by William Castile, until James McKowan, from Clay County, and Arm- strong McClintock and Samuel M. Biggerstaff, from Kentucky, came and also located on Castile Creek. As early as 1826, or the spring of 1827, Hiram-Smith built a log cabin about the center of what is now known as Jackson Township, being the first house erected in the townshij). Mr. Smith, like Nimrod of old, was a great hunter, and lix^ed exclusive!}- upon the game of the wood and ])rairie. In 1828, Mrs. Nellie Coffman, from Kentucky, settled near the Cross Roads, or what is now known as Hainesville, on Fishing River. In that neighborhood, Drew and Josiah Cogdell, George Denny and Collet Haynes made early settlements, one or two of these coming from North Carolina. About the same time, John Stone commenced a settlement in what is now known as Shoal Township, near the present town site of Cam- eron, and in the vicinity of McCartney's nursery. During the same year, Isaac D. Baldwin moved to that section of country, from Clay, followed by James Shaw, John Ritchie, Samuel McKorkle, Edward Smith and others, all entering land near Shoal Creek. In 1830, there were probably but six permanent settlers in the north ])art of the county, the majority of the emigrants locating on the Cas- tile, Smith's F"ork of Platte, and Fishing River, in the south and western portions of the county. It was quite natural, that these two sections, should be first settled, because they were nearer Clay County, which then contained a popula- 124 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. tion of several thousand souls, than any other portions of the attached territory. Beside, at that period, there were, in the northern part of the county, a few, lingering, small bands of Indians, who, although friendly, were not just such persons as the pioneer liked for neighbors or associates. John Livingston made a settlement about one mile northeast of where Plattsburg is now located. This was in 1832. The cabin which he erected is still standing. The succeeding year Mr. Livingston erected a pole cabin, on the site of Plattsburg, used for the court house^ and during the same year, Richard R. Rees built a similar cabin near the point where the railroad crosses Main Street. At this date, there were no trading posts, stores, mills or blacksmith shops, and the settler was compelled to get his supplies from Liberty, Clay County. The nearest mill was Smith's, at Smithsville, Clay County,, and quite often the settler would be gone a week from home w ith his grist, awaiting his "turn," because of the slow and imperfect facilities, which were afforded in those days for grinding. CHAPTER VI, PIONEER LIFE. •JHE PIONEERS' PECULIARITIES -CONVENIENCES AND INCONVENIENCES - THE HIS- TORICAL LOG CABIN-AGRICULTURAL IM I'LEMENTS-HOUiEHOLD FURNITURE- PIONEER CORN-BRE\D-HAND MILLS AND HOMINY BLOCKS— GOING TO MILL- TRADING POINTS-BEE-TREES-SHOOTING MATCHES AND QUILT1NG3. In the heart of the grand old forest, A thousand miles to the West, Where a stream gushed out from the hillside, They halted at last for rest. And the silence of ages listened To the axstroke loud and clear, Divining a kingly presence In the tread of the pioneer. He formed of the prostrate branches, A home that was strong and good^ The roof was of reeds from the streamlet, The chimney he built of wood, And there by the winter fireside, While the flame up the chimney roared. He spoke of the good time coming, When plenty should crown his board — When ihe forest should fade like a vision, And over the hill-lde and plain The orchard would spring in its beauty, And the fields of golden grain And tonight he sits by Ihe fireside In a mansion quaint and old. With his children's children round him, Having reaped a thousand fold. During the decade which comprehends the first ten years of its his- tory, the settlement of Clinton County was in its earliest stage of pioneer life. All that can be known of this period must be drawn, chiefly, from tradition. In those days the people took no care to preserve liistor)' — they were too busily engaged in making it. Historically speaking, those were the most important years of the county, for it was then the founda- tion and coner stones of all the county's history and prospcrit)- were laid. Yet, this history was not remarkable for stirring events. It was, howe\er, a time of self reliance and brave persevering toil ; of priva- 126 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. tions cheerfully endured through faith in a good time coming. The experience of one settler was just about the same as that of others. They were almost invariably poor, they faced the same hardships and stood generally on an equal footing. All the experience of the early pioneer of this county goes far to confirm the theory that, after all, happiness is pretty evenly balanced in this world. They had their privations and hardships, but they had also their own peculiar joys. If they were poor, they were free from the burden of pride and vanity ; free, also, from the anxiety and care that always attends the possession of wealth. Other people's eyes cost them nothing. If they had few neighbors, they were on the best of terms with those they had. Envy, jealousy and strife had not crept in. A com- mon interest and a common sympathy bound them together with the strongest ties. They were a little world to themselves, and the good feeling that prevailed was all the stronger because they were so far removed from the great world of the east. Among these pioneers there was realized such a community of interest that there existed a community of feeling. There were no castes, except an aristocracy of benevolence, and no nobility, except a nobility of generosity. They were bound together with such a strong bond of sympathy, inspired by the consciousness of common hardship, that they were practically communists. Neighbors did not even wait for an invitation or request to help one another. Was a settler's cabin burned or blown down .' No sooner was the fact known throughout the neighborhood than the settlers assembled to assist the unfortunate one to rebuild his home. They came with as little hesitation, and with as much alacrity as though they were all mem- bers of the same family, and bound together by ties of blood. One man's interest was every other man's interest also. Now this general state of feeling among the pioneers was by no means peculiar to this county, although it was strongly illustrated here. It prevailed generally throughout the west during the time of the early settlement. The very nature of things taught the settlers the necessity of dwelling together in this spirit. It was their only protection. They had come far away from the well established reign of law, and entered a new country, where the civil authority was still feeble and totally unable to afford protection and redress grievances. Here the settlers lived some little time before there was an officer of the law in the county. Each man's protection was in the good will and friendship of those about him, and the thing any man might well dread was the ill will of the community.. It was more terrible than the law. It was no uncommon thing in the early times for hardened men, who had no fears of jails or penitentiaries, to stand in great fear of the indignation of a pioneer communit\-. Such were some of the characteristics of Clinton County. KV OK CLINTON COUNTY. The first buildintjs in the county were not just like the \og cabins that immediately succeeded them. The latter required some help and a good deal of labor to build. The very first buildings constructed were a cross between "hoop cabins" and Indian bark huts. As soon as enough men could be got together for a "cabin raising," then log cabins were in style. Many a pioneer can remember the happiest time of his life as that when he lived in one of these homely but comfortable old cabins. A window with sash and glass was a rarity, and was an evidence of wealth and aristocracy which but few could support. They were often made with greased paper put over the window, which admitted a little light, but more often there was nothing whatever over it, or the cracks between the logs, without either chinking or daubing, were the depend- ence for light and air. The doors were fastened with old-fashioned wooden latches, and for a friend, or neighbor, or traveler, the string always hung out, for the pioneers of the west were hospitable, and enter- tained visitors to the besc of their ability. It is noticeable with what affection the pioneers speak of their old log cabins. It may be doubted whether palaces ever sheltered happier hearts than those homely cabins. The following is a good description of these old landmarks, but few of which now remain : "These were of round logs, notched together at the corners, ribbed with poles, and covered with boards split from a tree. A puncheon floor was then laid down, a hole cut in the end and a stick chimney run up. A clapboard door is made, a window is opened by cutting out a hole in the side or end two feet square, and finished without glass or transparency. The house is then 'chinked' and 'daubed' with mud. The cabin is now ready to go into. The household and kitchen furniture is adjusted, and life on the frontier is begun in earnest. "The one-legged bedstead, now a piece of furniture of the past, was made by cutting a stick the proper length, boring holes at one end one and a half inches in diameter, at right angles, and the same sized holes corresponding with those in the logs of the cabin the length and breadth desired for the bed, in which are inserted poles. "Upon these poles clapboards are laid, or linn bark is interwoven consecutively from pole to pole. Upon this primitive structure the bed is laid. The convenience of a cook stove was not thought of, but instead the cooking was done by the faithful housewife in pots, kettles and skil- lets, on and about the big fire-place, and very frequently over and around, too, the distended pedal extremities of the legal sovereign of the house- hold, while the latter were indulging in the luxuries of a cob pipe, and tliscussing the probable results of a contemplated elk lunit up about the Platte and Smith's Fork." ■I 2S TTISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. These log cabins were really not so bad after all. The people of to-day, familiarized with "Charter Oak" cooking stoves and ranges, would be ill at home were they compelled to prepare •a meal with no other conveniences than those provided in a pioneer cabin. Rude fire-places were built in chimneys composed of mud and sticks, or at be.st, undressed stone. These fire-places served for heating and cooking purposes ; also for ventilation. Around the cheerful blaze of this fire the meal was prepared, and these meals were not so bad after all. As elsewhere remarked, they were not such as would tempt the •epicure, but such as afforded the most healthful nourishment for a race of people who were driven to the exposure and hardships which were their lot. We hear of few dyspeptics in those days. Another advantage of these cooking arrangements was that the stovepipe never fell down and the pioneer was spared being subjected to the most trying of ordeals- and one probably more productive of profanity than any other. Before the country became supplied with mills which were of easy access, and even in some instances afterward, hominy-blocks were used. These exist now only in the memory of the oldest settlers, but as relics of the "long ago," a description of them will not be uninteresting: A tree of suitable size, say'from eighteen inches to two feet in diam- eter, was selected in the forest and felled to the ground. If a cross-cut saw happened to be convenient, the tree was "butted — that is, the kerf end was sawed off so that it would stand steady when ready for use. If there were no cross-cut saw in the neighborhood, strong arms and sharp axes were ready to do the work. Then the proper length, from four to five feet, was measured off, and sawed or cut square. When this was done the block was raised on end and the work of cutting out a hollow in one of the ends was commenced. This was generally done with a common ■chopping axe. Sometimes a smaller one was used. When the cavity was judged to be large enough, a fire was built in it and carefully watched till the ragged edges were burned away. When completed, the hominy- block somewhat resembled a druggist's mortar. Then a pestle, or some- thing to crush the corn was necessary. This was usually made from a suitably sized piece of timber, with an iron wedge attached, the large •end down. This completed the machinery, and the block was ready for use. Sometimes one hominy-block accommodated an entire neighbor- hood, and was the means of staying the hunger of many mouths. In giving the bill of fare above we should have added /neat, for of this they had plenty. Deer would be seen daily trooping over the prairie in droves of from twelve to twenty, and sometimes- as many as fifty would be seen grazing together. Elk were also found, and wild turkeys and prairie chickens without number. Bears were not unknown. Music of the natural order was not wanting, and every night the pioneers ■were lulled to rest by the screeching of panthers and the howling of HISTORY OK CLINTON" COUNTY. 129 \vol\es. When the dogs ventured too far out from the cabins at night, they would be driven back b_\- the wolves chasing them up to the \er\' cabin doors. Trapping wolves became quite a profitable business after the state began to pa)- a bounty for wolf scalps. All the streams of water also abounded in fish, and a good suppl)' of these could be procured by the expense of a little time and labor. Those who years ago improved the fishing advantages of the country- never tire telling of the daintj- meals which the streams afforded. Sometimes large parties would get together, and having been provided with cook- ing utensils and facilities for camping out, would go off some distance and spend weeks together. No danger then of being ordered off a man's premises or arrested for trespass. One of the peculiar circum- stances that surrounded the earlj- life of the pioneers was a strange loneliness. The solitude seemed almost to oppress them. Months Avould pass during which they would scarcely see a human face outside their own families. On occasions of special interest, such as election, holida)- celebra- tions, or camp-meetings, it was nothing unusual for a few settlers who lived in the immediate neighborhood of the^ meeting to entertain scores of those who had come from a distance. Rough and rude though the surroundings may have been, the pio- neers were none the less honest, sincere, hospitable, and kind in their relations. It is true, as a rule, and of universal application, that there is a greater degree of real humanity among the pioneers of anj- country than there is when the country becomes old and rich. If there is an absence of refinement, that absence is more than compensated in the presence of generous hearts and truthful lives. They are bold, indus- trious, and enterprising. Generally speaking, they are earnest thinkers, and possessed of a diversified fund of useful practical information. As a rule they do not arrive at a conclusion by means of a course of rational reasoning, but, nevertheless, have a queer way of getting at the facts. Thej- hate cowards and shams of every kind, and above all things false- hoods and deception, and cultivate an integrity which seldom permits them to prostitute themselves to a narrow policy of imposture. Such were the characteristics of the men and women who pioneered tiie \vay to the country of the Sac and Fox Indians. Many of them yet remain, and although some of them are among the wealthy and most substantial of the people of the count}', they have not forgotten their old time hospitalitj- and free and easy ways. In contrasting the present social affairs with pioneer times, one has well said : " Then, if a house was to be raised, every man 'turned out,' and often the women too, and while the men piled up the logs that fashioned the primitive dwelling-place, the women prepared the dinner. Some- times it was cooked by big log fires near the site where the cabin was I30 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. building; in other cases it was prepared at the nearest cabin, and at the proper hour was carried to where the men were at work. If one man in the neighborhood killed a beef, a pig or a deer, every other family in the neighborhood was sure to receive a piece. " We were all on an equality. Aristocratic feelings were unknown and would not have been tolerated. What one had we all had, and that was the happiest period of my life. But to-day, if you lean against a neighbor's shade tree he will charge you for it. If you are poor and fall sick, you may lie and suffer almost unnoticed and unattended, and prob- ably go to the poor-house ; and just as like as not the man who would report you to the authorities as a subject of county care would charge the county for making the report." Of the old settlers, some are still living in the county, in the enjoy- ment of the fortunes they founded in early times, " having reaped an hundred-fold." Others have passed away, and many of them will not long survive. Several of them have gone to the Far West, and are still playing the part of pioneers. But wherever they may be, and what- ever fate may betide them, it is but truth to say that they were excellent men, as a class, and have left a deep and enduring impression upon the county and the state. " They builded better than they knew." They were, of course, men of activity and energy, or they would never have decided to face the trials of pioneer life. They were almost invariably poor, but the lessons taught them in the early days were of such a char- acter that few of them have remained so. They made their mistakes in business pursuits like other men. Scarcely one of them but allowed golden opportunities, for pecuniary profit at least, to pass by unheeded. What are now some of the choicest farms in Clinton County were not taken up by the pioneers, who preferred land of very much less value. They have seen many of their prophecies fulfilled, and others come to naught. Whether they have attained the success they desired, their own hearts can tell. To one looking over the situation then, from the standpoint now, it certainly does not seem very cheering, and yet, from the testimony of some old pioneers, it was a most enjoyable time, and we of the present live in degenerate days. At that time it certainly would have been much more difficult for those old settlers to understand how it could be possible that thirty-five years hence the citizens at the present age of the county's progress would be complaining of hard times and destitution, and that they them- selves, perhaps, would be among that number, than it is now for us to appreciate how they could feel so cheerful and contented with their meagre means and humble lot of hardships and deprivations during those early, pioneer days. IllSTOKV OF CI.IX'I'OX COUNTY. I3I The secret was. doubtless, that thej- lived within their means, how- ever limitcil, not coveting more of luxury and comfort than their income would afford, and the natural result was prosperity and contentment, with always room for one more stranger at the fireside, and a cordial welcome to a place at their table for even the most hungry guest. Humanity, with all its ills, is, nevertheless, fortunately characterized with remarkable flexibility, which enables it to accommodate itself to circumstances. After all, the secret of happiness lies in one's abilit)- to accommodate himself to his surroundings. It is sometimes remarked, that there were no places for public enter- tainment till later years. The fact is, there were many such places, in fact, every cabin was a place of entertainment, and these hotels were sometimes crowded to their utmost capacity. On such occasions, when bedtime came, the first family would take the back part of the cabin, and so continue filling up by families, until the limit was reached. The young men slept in the wagons outside. In the morning, those nearest the door arose first, and went outside to dress. Meals were served on the end of a wagon, and consisted of cornbread, buttermilk and fat pork, and occasionally coffee, to take away the morning chill. On Sundays, for a change, they had bread made of wheat "tramped out" on the ground by horses, cleaned with a sheet and pounded bj- hand. This was the best, the most fastidious, they could obtain, and this onlj- one day in seven. Not a moment of time was lost. It was necessary that they should raise enough sod corn to take them through the coming winter, and also get as much breaking done as possible. They brought with them enough corn to give the horses an occasional feed, in order to keep them able for hard work, but in the main they had to live on prai- rie grass. The cattle got nothing else than grass. .AORICULTURAl. IMPLEMENTS. An interesting comparison might be drawn between the conveni- ences which now make the life of a farmer a comparatively easy'one, and the almost total lack of such conveniences in early days. A brief description of the accommodations possessed by the first tillers of this soil will now be given. Let the children of such illustrious sires draw their own comi)ari- soiis, and may the results of these comparisons silertce the voice of com- plaint which so often is heard in the land. The only plows they had at first were what they styled "bull plows." The mould-boards were generally of wood, but in some cases they were half wood and half iron. The man who had one of the latter description was looked upon as something of an aristocrat. But these old "bull plows" did good service, and they must be awardetl the honor of first f32 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. stirring the soil of Clinton County, as well as that of all the first class counties of this state. The amount of money which some farmers annually invest in agri- cultural implements would have kept the pioneer farmer in farming uten- sils during a whole lifetime. The pioneer farmer invested little money in such things, because he had little money to spare, and then again because the expensive machinery now used would not have been at all adapted to the requirements of pioneer farming. The "bull plow" was probably better adapted to the fields abounding in stumps and roots than would the modern sulky plow have been, and the old fashioned wheat cradle did better execution than would a modern harvester under like circumstances. The prairies were seldom settled till after the pioneer period, and that portion of the countr\- which was the hardest to put under cultivation, and the most difficult to cultivate after it was improved, first was cultivated ; it is well for the country that such was the case, for the present generation, familiarized as it is with farming machinery of such complicated pattern, would scarcely undertake the clearing off of dense forests and cultivating the ground with the kind of implements their fathers used, and which they would have to use for some kinds of work. MILLS AND TRADING POINTS. Notwithstanding the fact that some of the earl)- settlers were energetic millwrights, who employed all their energy, and what means they pos- sessed, in erecting mills at a few of the many favorite mill-sites which abound in the county, yet going to mill in those days, when there were no roads, no bridges, no ferry boats, and scarcely any conveniences for traveling, was no small task, where so many rivers and treacherous streams were to be crossed, and such a trip was often attended with great danger to the traveler when these streams were swollen beyond their banks. But even under these circumstances some of the more adventurous and ingenious ones, in case of emergency, found the ways and means by which to cross the swollen streams, and succeed in mak- ing the trip. At other times, again, all attempts failed them, and they were compelled to remain at home until the waters subsided, and depend on the generosity of their fortunate neighbors. Some stories are related with regard to the danger, perils and hard- ships of forced travels to mills, and for provisions, which remind one of forced marches in military campaigns, and when we hear of the heroic and daring conduct of the hardy pioneer in procuring bread for his lo\cd ones, we think that here were heroes more valiant than any ot the renowned soldiers of ancient or modern times. During the first two years, and perhaps not until some time after- ward, there was not a public highway established and worked on which HISrORV OF CLINTON COUNTY. I33 the)- coukl travel ; ami as the settlers were i,^cnerally far a[jart, and mills ami trailing points were at great ^(.listanccs, going from place to i)lacc was not only very tedious, but attended sometimes with great danger. Not a railroad had yet entered the .state, and there was scarcely a thought in the minds of the people here of such a thing ever reaching the wild west ; and, if thought of, people had no conception of what a revolution a railroad and telegraph line through the county, would cause in its pro- gress. Then there was less than 5,000 miles of railroad in the United States, and not a mile of track laid this side of the Ohio, while now there are over 100,000 miles of railroad, extending their trunks and branches in every direction over our land. Supplies in those days came to this western countrj- entirely by river and wagon transportation. Mail was carried to and fro in the same way, and telegraph dispatches were transmitted by the memory and lips of emigrants coming in, or strangers passing through. In early days, going to mill was always tedious. For some little time there was no mill for the purpose of grinding corn and wheat nearer than Smith's Fork, in Clay County. In 1S36, a mill was erected in Con- cord Township by John Harsel, two and a half miles north of Plattsburg. This was the first mill erected in the county. The first run of burrs was put in in 1838. There was no elevator at that time, so after the wheat was ground, it was carried to the upper story of the mill and fed by hand through a spout leading to a bolt on the burr floor. People came from far and near, attracted by the reports of the completion of the mill, with their grists, so that for days before it was ready for work, the creek bottom was dotted over with hungry and patient men, waiting until it was ready to do their work, so that they might return with their meal and flour to supply their families and those of their neighbors, thus enduring the hardships of camp life, in those early days, in order that they might be able to secure the simple necessaries of life, devoid of all luxuries. IILNIING .\ND TRAPl'INt;. The sports and means of recreation were not so numerous and varied among the early settlers as at present, but they were more enjoy- able and invigorating than now. Hunters no.v a days would be only too glad to be able to find and enjoy their favorable opportunity for hunting and fishing, and even travel many miles, counting it rare pleasure to spend a few weeks on the water courses and wild prairies, in hunt and chase and fishing frolics, where not half so good hunting and fishing sport are furnished as was in this vicinity twenty-five and forty years ago. There were a good many excellent hunters here at an early day, who enjoyed the sport as well as any can at the present time. 134 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTV. Wild animals of almost e\'er\- species known in the wilds of the west were found in great abundance. The prairies, and woods, and streams, and various bodies of water, were all thickly inhabited before the white man came and for some time afterward. Although the Indians slew many of them, yet the natural law prevailed here as well as else- where. " Wild man and wild beast thrive together." Serpents were to be found in such large numbers, and of -such immense size, that some stories told by the early settlers would be incredible were it not for the large array of concurrent testimony which is to be had from the most authentic sources. Deer, turkeys, ducks, geese, squirrels and various other kinds of choice game were plentiful and to be had at the expense of killing only. The fur animals were abundant ; such as the otter, beaver, mink, muskrat, raccoon, panther, fox. wolf, wild-cat and bear. An old resident of the county told us, that in 1831, while he was traveling a distance of six miles, he saw as many as sevent)--three deer, in herds of from six to ten. HUNTING BEE TREES. Another source of profitable recreation among the old settlers was that of hunting bees. The forests along the water courses were especially prolific of bee trees. They were found in great numbers on the Platte, Smith's Fork, Castile and Shoal Creeks. Many of the early settlers, during the late summer, would go into camp for days at a time, for the purpose of hunting and securing the honey of the wild bees, which was not only extremely rich, and found in great abundance, but always com- manded a good price in the home market. The Indians have ever regarded the honey-bee as the forerunner of the white man, while it is a conceded fact that the quail always toUows the footprints of civilization. The following passage is found in the " Report of the Exploring Expedition to the Rocky Mountains, in the \-ear 1842, by Captain John C. Fremont," page 69 : "Hereon the summit, where the stillness was absolute; unbroken by any sound, and the solitude complete, we thought ourselves beyond the regions of animated life ; but while we were sitting on the rocks, a solitary bee came winging his flight from the eastern valle)-, and lit on the knee of one of the men. We pleased ourselves with the idea that he was the first of his species to cross the mountain barrier, a solitary pioneer to foretell the advance of civilization." Gregg, in his "Commerce of the Prairies," page 178, Vol. i, says: " The honey-bee appears to have emigrated exclusively Irom the east, as its .march has been observed westward. The bee, among western HISTORY OK Cl.INTOX COUNTY. 135 pioneers, is the proverbial precursor of the Anglo-American population. In fact, the aborigines of the frontier have generall)- corroborated this statement, for they used to say that they knew the white man was not far behind when the bees appeared among them." There were other recreations, such as shooting matches and quilting ])arties, which obtained in those days, and which were enjoyed to the fullest extent. The quilting parties were especially pleasant and agree- able to those who attended. The established rule in those days at these parties was, to pay either one dollar in money or split one hundred rails during the course of the day. The men would generally sjjlit the rails and the women would remain in the house and do the quilting. After the day's work was done the night would be passed in dancing. " All the swains ihit there abide, With jigs and rural dance resort " When daylight came the music and the dancing would cease, and the gallant )-oung men would escort the ladies to their respective homes. One of the oldest pioneers tells us, that for several years, after he came to what is now known as Clinton County, that wolves were very numerous, and that he paid his taxes, for many years, in wolf-scalps. His cabin was in the edge of the timber, that skirted Castile Creek, in the western portion of the count}-, and, at night, the howls of these animals were so loud and incessant, that to sleep, at times, was almost impossible. Often at midnight, all " At once there rose so wild a yell. Within that dark and narrow dell, As all the fiends from heaven that fell, Had pealed the banner cry of hell." At such times the whole air seemed to be filled with the vibrations of their most infernal and diabolical music. The wolf was not only a midnight prowler here, but was seen in the daytime, singly or in packs, warily skulking upon the outskirts of a ticket, or sallying cautiously along the open path., with a sneaking look of mingled cowardice and cruelty. CHAPTER VIL SETTLEMENT OF ATCHISON TOWNSHIP'. Having treated of the pioneers, we shall now speak, at some length, of the early settlement of the townships, fully realizing that the task of tracing out these first settlements so as to accurately and fully give a history of each individual making them, is a difficult one ; in proportion as the reader understands the magnitude and difficulty of the work, to that extent will we have his sympathy and forbearance. The data upon which we found our supposed facts consists mainly of notes taken by our agents, who have visited every part of the county, and if the narrative should, in some particulars, seem to the reader to be incorrect, we wish to remind him that the particular fact which he may question is founded on the statement of some one individual who resides in the immediate neighborhood, and, in all probability, substantiated by the best evidence obtainable. Such persons should remember that they are as liable to be mistaken as their neighbors, and that in the little circumscribed realm of their own neighborhood, even as in the boundless realm of the uni- verse, " truth is stranger than fiction." We shall begin the succeeding chapter with the settlements proper, commencing with Atchison Township, included in what was originally LaFayette Township, which is the central of three western divisions of the county, and comprises one of the finest and best improved sections of the same. It measures six miles east and west, by seven miles north and south, and includes both prairie and timber land, with, perhaps, a preponderance of the latter, which is well distributed through its area. Castile Creek, and Roberts Branch, with their tributaries, meander through all quarters of the township, affording an abundance of stock- water, while their banks are uniformly fringed with heavy belts of the different varieties of timber generally found growing in this section of country, including large quanties of valuable walnut, whicli still con- tinues to be cut, for exportation, though a large proportion of the same has been culled out. The surface of this section of country is generally gracefully undulating, sufficiently so, even in its more level sections, for all the purposes of agriculture, while the most ample system of natural drainage is afforded by the streams that traverse its plain in all direc- tions. The soil, in ctjmmon with that of other portions of the county, is of a fertility unsurpassed in this latitude, and the general character of HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. 137 rural improvements, in the same, full)- up with the averatje of this por- tion of the state. Among the earliest settlers of this township were Moses McMahan, Sr.. originally from Kentucky, and who came, in 1828, from Clay County, John McKowan, who located there when the red man was yet abroad in the land, and when deer and bear were as familiar a sight as cattle and hogs are to-day. Mr. McKowan i.s still (1881) alive. Armstrong McClintock, from Kentucky, settled there in 1831. In the same year, Samuel M. Biggerstaff, still (1881) a resident of the county, arrived from Kentucky and pitched his tent on the spot where now stands the neat and prosperous village of Gower. At that period, the nearest black- smith shop was at Agency Ford, on Platte River, in Buchanan County. James Gillmore was the government blacksmith at the time, and ran the only shop in the place. About this time, Robert Sullivan. also arrived from Kentucky. He, with Samuel Biggerstaff, borrowed of General Andrew Hughes, the government agent at the Ford, a whip saw, with which they sawed the first plank that was made in the county. This plank was used for the floors and joists of their respective dwel- lings, and also for those of Moses McMahan, another early pioneer of the neighborhood. About the same time, Lewis Shelton moved to the vicinage from Clay County, and, shortly after, Stephen Jones, who went to reside in Texas after the civil war. Among other prominent settlers of that day within the present limits of Athison Township were Joseph Jenkins, Truet Davis, Mrs. Rebecca Bedford, Elizabeth Pierson, who came from Kentucky, and since died ; Samuel Nash, from the same state ; Joseph Berry, Robert Scearce, Rev. Eppe Tillery, Abraham Groom, \yith a large family from Clay County ; James Halsey, the noted deer hunter; Rev. Wm. Tillery, Andrew M. Pogue, Abraham Whitson, from Tennessee; Allen Atchison, from Kentucky, a brother of the distin- guished David R. Atchison., Silas McGuire, James and Thomas Poteet. Mitchell Pogue, from Clay County ; Rueben Pogue and son, and Greenburg Pogue from the same place. Polder Abraham Enyart, the pioneer Christian preacher in the county, who held his first meetings at the residence of John Livingston, in the neighborhood of the present Starfield, a hamlet on the northern boundary of the township, was also one of the earliest settlers. It appears that the pioneers of that day were usually church-going people, and punctual in their attendance at public worship, except on occasions when snake-killing expeditions were in order, or when an especially favorable day for bee-hunting happened to occur on Sunday. Snakes, now rarely seen in the countr\-, abounded in vast numbers and of numerous varieties in that daj-. Such was the damage which they often occasioned to live stock that their extermination became an object of general interest. Hence the inau- guration of death-dealing enterprises in which the entire country joined. 138 inSTOKV OF CLINTON COUNTY. The destruction of as many as three hundred of these venomous reptiles in a single day was no unusual result of one of these expeditions. • In that early da}-, not a very extravagant value was attached to real estate in this part of the then distant west, and some remarkable trans- fers of lands and land claims are still referred to by those of the pioneers who yet survive. Among these, it is recounted that in 1S49, Lud Fagin, now (1881) a resident of Buchanan Count)-, on his first arri\-al in the ■country, met a man on the prairie who was in the act of starting to Cal- ifornia. He held in his hand a warrant for 160 acres of land with which Tie had intended to enter the quarter section from which he was then in the act of mo\'ing. This warrant he offered to Mr. Fagin for an ordi- nar)- rifle gun, and the bargain was unhesitatingly closed. This land is now a valuable farm, in the eastern part of the township, and is the property of George R. Shepherd. At that period, the only mill within reach of the pioneers, was at Smithville, in Clay County, twenty miles from the present town of Gower. About 1835, Calep McGill put up on Castile Creek, two miles south of the present town of Gower, the first saw mill in the township. Shortly after, John Holman erected a horse power grist mill near the farm of Moses McMahan, Sr., in section 11, township 55, range 33. This was the first grist mill in the county. The southwest quarter of this section is now the property of D. McMahan, the youngest of a fam- ily of eight children and only surviving child of the pioneer. Mr. D. McMahan was born in 1833, on the old homestead on which he now resides, and which was settled by his father, who moved there from Clay County in 1828. It was the first farm settled on Castile Creeic, and was purchased by Mr. McMahan from William Castile, who first settled on the creek which derived its name from his, and who, at the time of his transferring the land, had only cleared a half acre of ground, on which he had raised a garden. This was the first farm opened in the township. Mr. Castile was a member of the first grand jury empaneled in Clinton County, and it is related that, on the occasion of his attending in response to the summons, his appearance was such as to necessitate a slight addi- tion to his wardrobe, which was made by the sheriff, who bestowed on him, by order of the judge, a shirt and hat, at the expense of the county. The old horse mill has long since disappeared. The only grisf mill at present (1881) in the township was put up by Calvin Graves, on Castile Creek, two and a half miles east of Gower. Its motive power is steam. It is provided with two run of burrs. The same power operates a saw mill. These mills were put up in 1874. The pioneers of Atchison Township, in common with those of other sections of the county, were generally men of sufficient intelligence to place a proper estimate on the value of scholastic training, and, in an ■earl)- day, attempts fa\-oring that end were inaugurated. HISTORY OK CI.IXTON COUNTY. 139 In 183701- 1838, a man by the name of Stollins taught the first scho.ol in the township. The school house, a rude log cabin, stood on the farm of Moses McMahan, above referred to. In 1840, this building was acci- dentally destroyed by fire. Another school house of similar character and appearance was then erected, about one-fourth mile southwest of .the site of the original building. Man)- years after, this, like its pre- decessor, was destroyed by fire. Among those who were pupils of Professor Stollin's, in his first school, were William and Thomas Whitson, Moses McMahan, Jr., Jacob and Joseph Groom, all since dead. John and Moses Whitson and Wil- liam and John Stevens are among those of the members of this pioneer institution of learning who yet survive. The first burial ground in the township was near the site of this house. About one hundred grass-grown and scarcely remembered graves yet mark the locality of this silent village of the dead. CHURCHES. Religious services were held in different parts of the township, for several years before the erection, within its limits, of a building special!)' devoted to that purpose. The residence of the pioneer, Moses McMahan. was often the scene of these meetings, as was, afterwards, the neighbor- ing school house. In 1848 or 1849, the Regular (commonly called " Hard Shell") Bap- tists erected on the foundation of the first school house, above men- tioned, a log church. This was the first building exclusively devoted to religious exercises, erected in the township. The congregation had pre- viously been organized in May, 1846. The regular minister here was Elder Eppe Tiller)', the pioneer missionary of this section. He was the only regular minister of the congregation, though others occasionally preached in the church. In 1858, the building was sold to a man b)- the name of F"rank "White, who moved it out on the prairie, about three-fourths of a mile €ast of Gower, where it still (1881) stands, and is occupied as a dwelling. Among the original members of this, the pioneer church of the township, the proper name and style of which was "Castile Regular Baptist Church," were Joel Burnham and wife, originally from Kentuck)-, James Ellett and wife, Chesley Woodward and wife, Woodford Tillcry, W'illiam Price, Feathergill Adams and wife, George Gibson, Nelson \\'itt and wife, P>.ekiel Fiddler, and James Groom and wife. Elder William Tillcry, now (1881) building a hotel in Gower, and liis brother Woodford Tillery, residing seven miles east of Plattsburg, I40 HISTORV OF CLINTON COUNTY. both nephews of the venerable Eppe Tillery, and men well advanced in >-ears, are also ministers of the Regular Baptist Church. They came in 182 1 from Kentucky to Clay County, Missouri, and thence to Clinton County in 1S56. In 1854, an organization of the Christian Church was effected at the residence of Alexander Newby, within the limits of Buchanan County, and about three-fourths of a mile from the site of the present edifice of Antioch Church in Clinton County, which stands about the same dis- tance north of the town of Gower. The church was organized by Elders Samuel S. Trice and Duke Young. Among the original members were the first three elders, A. W. Beck, William Foe, and Judge Weston Everett. Of these, the latter only survives. He resides, at an advanced age, on his farm in Buchanan County. Alexander Newby and wife, Morris Pyle and wife, James Cogdill and wife, Isaiah Pyle and wife, Jordan Ray and wife, and T. J. Sodowsky, with his wife and mother, were also among the membership of the church at its first organization. Samuel S. Trice and Duke Young were the first preachers. A reference to the sudden death of the former, who expired in the pulpit of Beth- any Church, may be found in the biographical sketches included in this volume. Duke Young died in Atchison, Kansas, in 1850, and, with his wife, is buried on Round Prairie, six miles southwest of tha^t city, and in the neighborhood of the village of Mount Pleasant. He was for many years a resident of the Platte Purchase, to which he came from La Fayette County, Missouri, in 1837. The lamented Judge Wyatt, of St. Joseph, preached at Antioch Church, from time to time, during a period of nearly twenty years immediately preceding his sudden death, which occurred in the sum- mer of 1881. Thomas J. Williamson preached a year or two at this church. William C. Rogers, and John W. Tate, are the present ministers. The church edifice is an ordinary frame building. It was erected in 1855, at a cost of $[,500, on the farm of A. W. Beck, who deeded to the organization one and one-eighth acre of ground for a building site and church yard. On the north boundary line, and within a mile and a half of the northeast corner of Atchison Township, is the hamlet of ST.\RFIELD, a small place of less than one hundred inhabitants. The only business house in the ]3lace is the general store of Lyons & Conner, representa- tive merchants of Plattsburg. It also contains a blacksmith shop, run by a man of the name of Briggs, and the wagon shop of John Dodson. They have no regular post office, but command, by private conveyance,, bi-weekly communication with the outer world. IlISTOKV OK CI.IKTON COUNTY. I4I CIIL'RCHES. About one mile south of the village is the frame structure of Mount Zion Baptist Church, owned jointly by the Regular (Hardshell) and the Freewill Baptists. It was built about the year i860. On the dissolution of the Old Log Church, of Castile, the congregation moved their place of assembling to this locality; and, in connection with the Freewill Baptists, built this church, which they called Mount Zion. On the death of Eppe Tillery, their pastor, the church organization moved to Gower, where they now (1881) hold services in the public school building. Elder William W. Tiller}' is their pastor. The membership of this church is about twenty-five. The ministers of the Freewill Baptist congregation of Mount Zion •were, successively, Silas Cams and Claib Williams. The church is now abandaned, no meeting of any kind having occurred within its walls for some time. MOUNT C.VK.MEI, CHURCH, located on the southeast quarter of section 11. township 55, range ^i, about two miles east of Gower, and three and a half by the road, is a neat frame building. It was erected in the fall of 1872, at a cost of $1,800. The organization was effected immediately before the erection of the edifice, and included forty members, drawn chiefl\- from the mem- bership of New Harmony Church, in Buchanan County. The first min- ister was Rev. Wesley Oadum. He was succeeded by W. T. Flenor. In 1874, George Everett served the church as pastor till March, 1880, when he was succeeded by the present minister, Rev. Isaiah T. Williams. .\NI>EKSON PO^T OFFICE, two miles south of Gower, never was a place of any importance. The post office was discontinued about the period of the building of the St. Louis and St. Joseph Railroad, in 1869 or 1870, when the town of Gower was laid out. the business center of the township, is about two and a half miles south of the northern boundary of the same, nine miles west of Plattsburg, and twenty miles southeast of St. Joseph. E.^tending about one-fourth of a mile north and south, and the same distance east and west, its western boundary is the line of Buchanan County. Daniel Smith, after la\-ing out the streets of Gower, gave to the St. Joseph Land Company one-half the lots in the town in consideration of its being made a railroad station. This was in August, 1870, about the period of the completion to this 142 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. point of the St. Louis and St. Joseph, now (1881) the Wabash, St. Louis and Pacific Railway. The town was named in honor of A. G. Gower, division superintendent of the road. As a natural town site, Gower is not surpassed by any railroad station in the state. Its location is a prairie sufficiently rolling to be well drained, and is almost surrounded by a magnificent grove of lofty timber, sufficiently thinned out to permit a luxuriant growth to the blue grass, which here appears in that velvety sward peculiar to the natural parks which abound throughout the area of the rich and beautiful County of Clinton. The principal business part of the town occupies the less favorable portion of the site included in the division north of the railroad track. This peculiarity is due to the circumstance that in moving the first busi- ness house from a position a mile distant, to the site of Gower, an almost insuperable obstacle presented itself jn the presence of a yawning ditch, that had been temporarily excavated, in the construction of the road bed. The difficulty of crosing this ditch first induced the settlement on the north side of the track, around which other buildings naturally clus- tered. The first building erected in the town was a storehouse, which, when first built, was known as the old Woodward store. In the fall of 1870, it was moved to Gower from across the line where it formerly stood in Buchanan County. It was first occupied in its present location, by Daniel Sanders, who therein opened the first store in the place. It was subsequently enlarged, and is now occupied by the dry goods and gen- eral store of G. T. Hall. The second building erected in the town, was the large two-story frame dwelling of James H. Harrod, which was, for several years, used by him as a hotel. The first school house erected in Gower, was for the accomodation of a private institution. Miss Mollie Tillery, now Mrs. Hutchinson, an enterprising and able teacher of the county, built this at her own expense, in the beautiful grove on the south side of the railroad. It is a two-story frame building. In this she taught successfully several sessions. The building, was, subsequently, occupied as a dwelling. A neat and com- modious public school building has since been erected. In this, a school is maintained about eight months in each year. Shortly after the completion of the railroad to this point, in August, 1870, a neat and substantial depot was built. October 28, 1872, it was accidentally destroyed by fire, and the building has never since been replaced. The first station agent here, was a man by the name of O'Leary. He served about a month, when he was succeeded by W. E. Copeland, who filled the position about three months, when he was suc- ceeded by E. P. Rice, who held the office one year. In 1872, W. B. IlISrORV OK CLINTON COUNTN'. I43 Sanders was appointed ai^'ent. He continued to fill tlie position seven years, when he was relieved by D. W. Henderson in 1879. Six months after, the latter retired, and was succeeded by the present agent, J. P. Bretz, in April, 1881. Since the destruction by fire of the depot, the tele- graph and ticket office has been accommodated in the drug store of W. B. Sanders, on the west side of the park, at a point inconveniently distant from the stopping place of the trains. The first postmaster of Gower was Ben. O. Weller. He was appointed in 1870 while clerking in the store of Daniel Sanders, the first established merchant of the place. The first meeting of the town board after the incorporation of Gower was held June 21, 1873. E. T. Smith was president ; R. T. Dusky, M. Duncan and John Westbrook, trustees. The board, in 1881, included John Westbrook, Dr. W. F. Stark, Jno. W. Hall, N. G. Cummings, W. B. Sanders and William Hammett. The lat- ter, clerk. Since that period and the present others have, at different times, sold goods in the place. BUSINES.S .\NI) BUSINESS MEN. Those engaged in business, in 1881, include G. T. Hall, whose store with a considerable-addition also includes the original Woodward's store building, before referred to. He carries a large general stock. Poe & Jamison also have a general store ; also Foreman & Ray. William Hammon sells drugs. These are on the north side of the railroad track. On the south side of the same, and immediately east of the public square, or park of three acres, which is surrounded by a substan- tial plank and wire fence, is the large drug store of W. B. Sanders. On the same street is the hardware store of D. S. Hall, a brother of G. T. Hall, and with him an early settler of the town, as was their father, Thomas Hall, still (1881) a resident of the town, and successor to Wil- liam Dewdney, the first blacksmith established in the town. The sad- dle and harness shop of the town, on the same street with the above last mentioned houses, is also the property of D. S. Hall. John Hink- son has long been the popular hotel man of Gower, and was making consideral additions to this house in 1881, while Elder Tillery, the minis- ter of the Regular (Hard Shell) Baptist congregation in the the town, was laying the foundation of another hotel building. N. G. Cummings is proprietor of the meat market. Abe Groom keeps the only livery stable in the place. The Misses Mason and Beck supply the ladies with millinery. John Westbrook is the boot ind shoemaker of the town ; Hall & Nelson, wagon and blacksmith shop, and R. B. Agee, wagon manufacturer. 144 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. One of the earliest physicians established in Gower, was Dr. San- ders, and Drs. Stark and Hutchinson were located there in 1881. B. F. Foe, at that time, was teaching the public school. As a shipping point, Gower though, as before stated, without a depot building, is no insignificant station, the averge shipments amount- ing, in the course of the year, to twenty-five car-loads per month. A considerable proportion of these include walnut logs, at one time, an important article of export, though of late years greatly reduced by the exhaustion of the timber. SECRET ORDERS. Though unprovided with a public hall of very extensive pro- portions, Gower has had, and still includes some rather numerous societies. Of these Gower Lodge No. 397, was granted dispensa- tion, with John R. Creason, W. M. ; John Westbrook, S. W., and James Roberts, J. W. N. G. Cummings was secretary, and J. L. Harrod treasurer. The other members were Dr. G. R. Fallis, Robert Dusky, William T. Weakley, and James W. Garton. In 1871, the lodge was chartered with the following officers : Robert Dusky, W. M.; John Westbrook, S. W.; John W. Hall, J. W., and N. G. Cummings, Secretary. These were re-elected in 1872, and again in 1873. In 1874, the officers elected were John W. Hall, W. M.; John Atchison, S. W.; John West- brook, J. W.; and George T. Hall. Secretary. In 1875, John C. Atchi- son W. M.; John W. Hall, S. W.; John C. Weakley, J. W., and George T. Hall, Secretary. The officers in 1876, were J. D. Coleman, W. M.; John W. Hall, S. W.; John C. Weakley, J. W., and L. G. Bailey, Secre- tary. In 1877, John W. Hall was W. M.; W. B. Sanders, S. W.; Henry Barnes, J. W., and D. S. Hall, Secretary. In 1878, J. D. Coleman was W. M.; John C. Atchison, S. W.; J. Westbrook, J. W., and David Hall, Secretary. In 1880, John W. Hall was W. M.; W. B. Sanders, S. W.; John Weakly, J. W., and D. S. Hall, Secretary. The officers in 1881 were W. B. Sanders, W. M.; John Westbrook, S. W.; George W. Everett, J. \V., and N. G. Cummings, Secretary. The organization has prospered abundantly from its origin to the present, (1881), and includes a mem- bership of twenty-nine. Gower Central Protective Association was organized February, 1 879, with the following members : John Bretz, president ; John W. Hall, vice president ; William Ogden, treasurer ; B. F. Poe, secretary ; J. L. Bradshaw, assistant secretary ; and John Westbrook, doorkeeper. The Good Templars once had a prosperous organization in the town. The population of Gower, in 1881, was about two hundred, and included as orderly and intelligent a community as is to be found in any similar locality in the siate. Many of the neighboring farms, both in Clinton insi-OkV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 145 ;uul across the line in Buchanan Count}-, arc well ini|)rovcd, while all are healthful as well as productive localities. The township is well supplied with public school buildings, each and every district within its limits being provided with an excellent building, in which schools are maintained, joften eight months of the year, and occasionall}-, for a longer period. The original settlers of Atchison Township, in common with those of other sections of the county, were generally men of more than average attainments, for people of their station, and the spirit of literary enterprise which prompted, on their part, an early attention to the scholastic training of the young has, evidently, not been lost to their offspring. CHAPTER VIII. SETTLEMENT OF CONCORD TOWNSHIP. PLATTSBURG-ITS EARLY HISTORY-LOCATION-NAMES-COMMISSIONERS-TOWN LAID OUT-SALE OF LOTS-FIRST DEED RECORDED-TOWN INCORPORATEU-ADDITIONS —OFFICIAL RECORD— OLD SETTLERS AND WHAT THEY DID— PRIVAi E AND PUB- LIC SCHOOLS-PLATTSBURG COLLEGE-CHURCHES-M. E. CHURCH SOUTH-M E. CHURCH-FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH-CHRISTIAN CHURCH-PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH -ST. MARY'S EPISCOPAL CHURCH — CATHOLIC CHURCH - SECRET SOCIETIES — NEWSPAPERS-BANKS AND BANKF,RS-HOTELS. Concord Township, the limits of which we have already described, is the central division of the county. It is generally recognized as a prairie section of the same, but the banks of numerous streams, by which its surface is veined, are generally clothed with an abundant growth of the valuable timber proper to this section of the state. The most import- ant of these streams are Smith's Fork, Horse Fork and Roberts' Branch. The only town within the limits of this township is Plattsburg, the county seat, located in the southwestern portion of the same, near the waters of Horse Fork, which touch its eastern limits. Among the earliest settlers of Concord Township, may be mentioned Solomon Fry, since dead. He built the first court house in the county. The first church, also in Plattsburg, was built by I'homas McMichael, still (1881) a resident of the place. M. M. Nagel, also deceased, built the first jail in the county. John Harsel built the first mill in the township. This was about the year 1836. It was a horse grist mill, and was located two and a half miles north of Plattsburg. About 1844, or 1845, Solomon Fry started, in Concord Township, a tread- wheel mill. Burnet Scott, who afterward built the first house in the town of Hainesville, in Jackson Township, also put up, in Concord Township, a saw mill about the year 1846. Among the early settlers of the township, outside of the town of Plattsburg, may be mentioned George Funkhouser, Abraham Funkhouser, Anthony Miller, N. O. Hopkins, D. R. Galloway, Pat Haggerty, Solomon Kinsey, Winslow Turner, Joseph Hunter, Sinnet Young, Madison Young, John Patton, John Biggerstaff, William Wilkerson, Reuben Randolph, with his sons, Harry Randolph, Milton Randolph, and William Randolph ; Daniel Minkler, after whom the branch running through the northern portion of the town of Plattsburg derives its name, and who afterward moved to Oregon ; and Joseph Jackson, who moved to Texas, where he mSlOKV Ol' CLINTON COUNTY. I47 tiled ; Kzckiel Jackson, Henry Mitchell, Bartholomew Thatcher, Levi Thatcher, Thomas Palmer, Milton Oldham, and William (ioudy. Most of the above referred to are now dead. Alexander Vaughn, Robert Greer, Pittman Hanks, Littleton Roberts (at one time sheriff of Clinton County), Churchill Jones, from Virginia, and Benjamin Fry, from Ken- tuck\% who established the first distillery in the county, were also num- bered among the early settlers of Concord Township. CHURCHES. Among the earliest public buildings of the township may be men- tioned the structure of "The Old Log Church," the first organization of Chri.stians in Concord Township, three miles east, by north, of Platts- burg, erected in 1846. It was originally, as it name implies, a log building. Its diminsions were twenty-four feet square. The congrega- tion that met here was organized by Elder Duke Young, about the year 1842. Its first elders were Judge John Biggerstaff, Oliver Jackson, and Charles Young. Among its earlier deacons were Samuel M. Bigger- staff, John H. Trice, John Anderson, and Granville Biggerstaff. Among the early preachers of this church were Elder S. S. Trice, who,se sudden death in the pulpit of Bethany Church, Lafayette Township, while uttering his sermon, on the second Sunday in May, 1877, is referred to in our mention of that organization. The old log church, a primitive structure, was erected in 1846, and continued, through many changing years of the history of Clinton County, to subserve the purpose for which it was erected. At length, in 1878, its dimensions being deemed inadequate to the increasing demand for accommodation, and the structure having become delapidated with age, it was determined to replace this relic of a pioneer day with something, in the way of a building, not only more commodius, but more in harmony with the present prevailing spirit of progress. The old log building was accordingly torn down, and on its ancient foundation rose, at a cost of about $i,000, the present neat and tasteful frame structure, which the stranger is surprised to hear still designated as the "Old Log Church," an appellation bestowed in com- memoration of its rude though venerable predecessor, hallowed in the memories of those devoted pioneers whose persevering enterprise sub- dued the then surrounding wilderness that now rejoices and blossoms as the rose. There is, in the spirit that prompts this recognition of the early piety of those primitive days, a sentiment as ennobling as it is touching. The membership of the "Old Log Church" has grown in a ratio corresponding with the general advance of the county, and now includes largely over one hundred of both sexes. The present (1881) elders arc John Anderson and A. K. Porter. The deacons are S. H. Trice, Virgil Dixon, James Bradley and Noah P. Jackson. Elder W. C. Rogers has been, since (878, the regular pastor of this church. 148 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. Walnut Grove Church of the Brethren, or German Baptists, com- monly called " Dunkards," are numerous in certain parts of the county, and have an organization and substantial frame church building in Con- cord Township, about one mile and a half north of Plattsburg. It was built in 1870, at a cost of $3,500. The first minister of the organization was Rev. D. D. Sell, from Blair County, Pennsylvania. He organized the church with a very small membership, and meetings, from time to time, were afterwards held in school houses, etc., till the congregation became sufficiently strong to erect their present neat and spacious church edifice. The ministers who have served this church from its organization to the present (1881) time, are Rev's D. D. Sell, John H. Keller, Daniel Gibson, John Fillmore, Hobbs A. E. Orr and Josiah Ellen- burger. The present membership of this church is one hundred. The buildings first erected by the pioneers were, of course, generally of a temporary character; a few, however, among the first built, though rude in external appearance, were substantially constructed. Of these, the " Old Log Church," above referred to, may be counted a fair sample. A few built even prior to that now removed building, yet remain in the township. Of these, the oldest structure to-day extant, in Concord Township, is the residence of Judge John Biggerstaff, three miles north of Plattsburg. Here, in the year 1833, the first circuit and county courts of Clinton County held their sessions. The building is a double log house, constructed of the almost indestructable white oak timber. This, after braving for many years the storms of winter and the suns of sum- mer, was subsequently weather boarded. It is an antique specimen of far west architecture, and bids fair yet to assert its solidity for many a coming year. Many of the pioneers of Concord Township were from among the original settlers of Clay County. Some of these were men of consider- able means, and, not a few, persons of unusual intelligence, while sev- eral among their number were men of distinguished scholarship. The general character for intelligence still remarkable in Clinton County is doubtless due to the fact that even with the crude facilities extant in that day, the pioneers were determined that learning should not be "buried in the graves of their ancestors," and among their earliest steps in behalf of a common interest, was the establishment of schools for the young, some of which were taught by men of distinguished learn- ing, and the often ungenerously sneered at log cabin school houses of the early days of Clinton County not infrequently turned out young men and women with a well earned character for scholarship of which many a more pretentious institution of learning in the present advanced day might well be proud. )N COUNTY. Tlic orif,niial town of Concord (now riattsburij), the county seat of Clinton County, was located on the east half of the northwest quarter of section 24, of township fifty-five, range thirty-two. To the east, and forming the eastern limits of the town corporation, flows the Horse Fork, the banks of which are still covered with a native growth of tim- ber, consisting of walnut, oak, hickory, and other varieties. This stream still abounds in fish, and, during the spring and summer months, it is a pleasant place of resort, both to the angler, and those who seek the quietude of its dense, cooling shade. To the south, and southwest, may be seen the dark timber belt, which fringes the banks of the Horse Fork, as it flows along its sinuous bed to its confluence with Smith's F^ork, three-quarters of a mile distant. The countr)-, west and north of the town, presents all the attrac- tions of a prairie landscape. Its surface is gently rolling, sometimes swelling into broad, elevated plateaus, alternated with wide, slightly depressed valleys, while, here and there, the hand of man has added to the beauty of the scene; the well defined field, the green hedge, and the pleasant cottage — the whole constituting a most charming pastoral picture. Within the limits of Clinton County, there is no body of land that is more prolific, or that is so admirably adapted to the growth of the cereals, or the grazing of cattle, than that surrounding the hand- some little city of Plattsburg. The commissioners charged with the important duty of locating the seat of justice, were General David R. Atchison, John Long and Howard Everett. This they did, in the spring of 1833, the town being named Concord. In January. 1834, the name was changed, by order of the county court, to Springfield, and, in January, 1835, it being ascer- tained that there was another town in the state bearing the same name, by act of the Legislature, the town was called Plattsburg, taking its name after Plattsburg, in Clinton County, New York. In November, 1833, the county court appointed Henry F. Mitchell commissioner of the seat of justice,, and at the same term made the fol- lowing order: '• Ordered, that the commissioner of the seat of justice proceed as soon as practicable to lay off the said seat of justice into lots, streets, alleys, squares, etc., upon the same plan as the town of Liberty is laid ofl-.- Mr. Mitchell gave bond as commissioner and immediately began his labors. Associated with him, as co-workers in this important under- taking, were Orval H. Searcy, who sur\e\-ed the town site, Bartholomew Thatcher, Daniel Thatcher, John Livingston and Littleton Roberts, assistants and chain-bearers. I-'or their services in thus localizing and I50 HISTORY OK CLINTON COUNTY. defining the spot whereon \yas to be reared the future town and seat of justice, these gentlemen recei\'ed from the county treasur)- the following sums : Henry F. Mitchell $20 50 Orval H. Searcy 24 00 Bartholomew Thatcher 1075 Daniel Thatcher 3 00 John Livingston 4 50 Littleton Roberts 75 Mr. Mitchell, having finished the work of laying off the town, he pre- sented a plat of the same to the County Court on the 13th day of Jan- uary, 1834, which was received and approved by that body. The Court thereupon "Ordered, that lot No. 1 10 be, an^ the same is hereby reserved for the purpose of erecting a court house thereon ; and further, it is ordered, that all those lots on the blocks around the public square, except the one reserved as above, in No. 47, on the plat aforesaid, be offered for sale by the said commissioner, on the following terms, to wit : To be sold to the highest bidder, on the days of sale, payments to be made as follows : one-fourth of the purchase money to be paid at the time of sale, and one-half of the residue to be paid on or before the expiration of twelve months from the day of sale, and the balance to be due eighteen months after date. Bond and approved security required of purchasers. The sale to commence on the premises, on Monday, the 7th of April, 1834, and to continue for three days." The commissioner was ordered to publish the sale of lots in the Liberty Enquirer, a weekly newspaper, published in Liberty, Clay County, by giving six insertions, and also by five written handbills, put up in different portions of the county. On the 13th of July, 1835, there were sold in the town of Plattsburg the following lots : Nos. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 44, 45, 46, 47, 55, 59, 63, 86, 87, 90, 91, 100, loi, 104, 105, 108, 119, 122 and 123, each of which contained one-sixth of an acre, and also the following two acre lots: Nos. 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13 and 14. The Court ordered that the first lots should not be sold for less than $5, and the remainder for not less than $10. During the same month there were also sold lots Nos. 28, 29, 44, 45, 46 and 47. The first deed upon record of the sale of lots in Plattsburg, was made by Henry F. Mitchell, commissioner, as grantor, to John M. Evans, grantee, conveying lot 28 for $24.25, and recorded November 18, 1835. I'LATTSBURG INCORPOR.VTKD. On the 4th daj- of May, 1835, the county court made the following order: inSTORV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 151 " This da>-, the citizens of the town of Plattsburg presented to the court a petition, praying to have the tract, lying withing the following bounds, incorporated, and a police established for their local govern- ment, to wit : Beginning at the southwest corner of the town tract, and running thence east eighty rods ; thence north eighty rods ; thence west eighty rods ; thence south eighty rods, to the beginning. And it is thereupon ordered by the court, that all the tract of country contained within the bounds aforesaid be, and it is, hereby incorporated, and the inhabitants are hereby constituted a body politic and corporate, b)- the name and style of the inhabitants of Plattsburg, and by that name they and their successors shall be known in law, have perfect real succession, and do and perform all and everything which a body politic and corpor- ate may of right do by the laws of the land ; and it is further ordered that John M. Evans, James, M. Long, Shadrach B. Taylor, Elijah P. Howell and James Smith, be and they are hereby appointed a board of trustees, for the government and management of the same, and are hereby vested with all the powers and authority to which they and their sucessors are b)- law entitled." Since the date of the incorporation by the county court, the bounda- ries of the town have been enlarged by the following additions: Vance's first addition, dedicated in 185 i. Vance's second addition, dedicated in 1854. Vance's third addition, dedicated in 1856. Craig & Ingles' addition, dedicated in 1856. A. W. Palmer's addition, dedicated in 1857. Vance's fourth addition, dedicated in 1857. Land and Building Association, dedicated in 1869. Vance's fifth addition, dedicated in 1870. Railway addition, dedicated in 1870. Vance's sixth addition, dedicated in 1870. George Moore's addition, dedicated in 187 . Riley's subdivision of two lots in old town, 1875. The Railway addition has since been vacated. The city obtained a charter under an act of incorporation passed b\- the general assembly in 1861, approved February 8th of that year, and also approved March 24, 1870, under which the city government was organized by the election of mayor and councilmen, which occurred in 1869. The town had previously been governed b>- a board of trustees and the townshipjustice and constable. 152 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. OFFICIAL RECORD. 1869. Charles Ingles Mayor William Dunagan Councilman Edward S. Randolph Councilman A. Q. Hill Councilman John H. Mooreland Councilman Thomas R. Livingston Marshal William L. Ferguson Assessor Orbison P. Riley Treasurer James M. Riley .• City Attorney James M. Riley Clerk 1870. Charles Ingles Mayor Moses Shoemaker Councilman E. S. Randolph Councilman A. J. Neill Councilman. N. L. Ford . '. Councilman Thomas R. Livingston Marshal No record Assessor Virgil R. Porter ' Treasurer No record City Attorney James M. Riley Clerk John Carrol Supervisor of Streets. 1871. John M. McMichael Mayor McMichael resigned and was succeeded by W. P. Hooper. J. N. Rogers Councilmaii Mason Hord Councilman A. J. Neill Councilman T. R. Livingston Marshal No record Assessor No record Treasurer No record City Attorney , J. M. Riley Clerk John Carroll Supervisor of Streets. 1872. Charles W. Porter Mayor Robert Ray Councilmaa HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. I55< Joseph II. Bennett . Councilman A. J. Neill Councilman James A. Funkhouser Councilman M. W. Dorscr Marshal F. Kennedy Assessor (No record) Treasurer Edward W. Turner City Attorney J. M. Riley Clerk 1873- Charles \\\ Porter Mayor H. S. Foree . Councilman W. H. Conner . . Councilman A. Meininger Councilman George Riley Councilman T. J. Henderson Marshal W. P. Hooper Assessor George P. Funkhouser Treasurer Kdward W. Turner City Attorney Adolphus Musser Clerk T. J. Henderson resigned in July, 1873, and Virgil R. Porter appointed. Porter resigned and Roland Hughes appointed. Hughes; resigned and Francis D. Phillips appointed in October, 1873. P^dward W. Turner succeeded Adolphus Musser as city attorney b>^ appointment. 1874. Charles W. Porter Mayor Henry S. Foree Councilman W. H. Conner Councilman George R. Riley Councilman N. F. Essig Councilman Francis D. Phillips Marshal (No record) Assessor George P. Funkhouser Treasurer (No record) City Attorney John M. McMichael Clerk 1875. Charles W. Porter Mayor W. H. Conner . Councilman James M.Clay Councilman. 154 HISTORY OK CLINTON COUNTY. O. P. Riley Councilman Francis D. Phillips Marshal W. T. Funkhouser Treasurer John M. McMichael Clerk 1876. James A. Trimble Mayor Isaac Porterfield Councilman James H. Thomas Councilman Edward S. Randolph Councilman Samuel M. Froman Councilman Ed. J. Smarr Marshal No record Assessor William T. Funkhouser Treasurer Ed. W. Turner ; Clerk Leonidas Fry Street Commissioner 1877. Lawson Moore Mayor Ed. S. Randolph Councilman James M. Riley Councilman A. W. Stearns Councilman C. M. Hooper Councilman John P. Lewis Marshal William T. Funkhouser Treasurer Joseph M. Lowe City Attorney Joseph M. Lowe Clerk C. Anderson Maj'or R. C. Smarr Councilman George P. Funkhouser Councilman George R. Riley Councilman A. E. Meininger Councilman Charles A. Doniphan Marshal William T. Funkhouser Treasurer W. P. Hooper Clerk 1879. C, Anderson Mayor A. E. Meininger Councilman George R. Riley Councilman R. C. Smarr Councilman lORV OK CI.INTUN COUNTY. 155 George P. Funkhouser. Edwin 'Whittington. . William T. Funkhousc Roland Hughes J. iM. Craig. . .Councilman Marshal . . .Treasurer City Attorney Clerk 1 880. W. P. Hooper K. S. Randolph William H. Conner. . S. W. Stonum ^\■. W. Scutt James W. Livingston ^\'. T. Funkhouser. . . John T. Wrinkle E. C. Hall C Anderson Mayor . .Councilman Councilman . Councilman . . Councilman Marshal . . Treasurer Assessor City Attorney Clerk At a special meeting held at the call of Mayor Hooper, August 5, 1880, S. W. Stonum, W. H. Conner, W. W. Scutt and Ed. S. Randolph tendered their resignations as councilmen, which were accepted b)- the mayor. There were two elections held afterward, but the parties elected refused to qualify, excepting the mayor, (W. P. Hooper), who is now (1881) mayor of the city, and who in conjunction with the township officers, controls the city government. About the year 1869, the City of Plattsburg voted bonds to the Chi- cago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad Company 10 the amount of $25,000. In 1880, a judgment was obtained (a suit having been brought upon the coupons) against the city for about $12,000. Between the time of sub- scribing the bonds and the date of obtaining the judgment, about one- half of the bonds subscribed to the railroad company had been bought up by the citizens of the town. This caused a division of public senti- ment, and the question of paying the bonds was made the issue at the municipal election for mayor in 1881. W. P. Hooper, who was opposed to the payment of the bonds, was elected by a small majority. The maj-or and his friends claim that the railroad company did not comply with the conditions upon which the bonds were voted in the location of its depot, hence their opposition to their payment. It is also claimed upon the other hand, that the election did not test the matter; that politics and one or two local questions entered quite largely into the race, causing the election to result as it did. The bonds and interest amount to sometiiing over $6o,000 at this time. 1 5b HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. OLD SETTLERS OF THE TOWN. 1833- Forty-eight years constitute a long period in the life of man. Hi.s. recollection, however tenacious of the most important events which transpire around him, fails as to exact dates and names of individuals. We have, however, obtained sufficient data, which we believe to be authentic, and from which our readers may learn much of the early history of Plattsburg, and of the men who founded it. Among the old veterans, was Richard R. Rees, who was appointed the first circuit and county court clerk in 1833. Mr. Rees was originally from Kentucky, but came from Clay County to Plattsburg. He continued his clerical labors, as an officer of the courts until 1 836, when, obtaining a license from the supreme court of the state, he resigned and began the practice of law. In about 1836, he moved to Leavenworth, Kansas,, where he continued the practice of his profession, filling in the mean- time many important offices, among which was that of probate judge of Leavenworth County. He died in 1879. John Livingston came about the same time from Kentucky (1833),. and had the honor of building the first house in Plattsburg, (then called Concord). This building was a pole cabin, and was used for a court house and clerk's office. It was located southeast of where the court house now stands. Mr. Livingston was fond of hunting, and during his first winter here, he killed forty-eight black bears ; twenty-two of these were killed on a large elm tree, which stood upon the present site of the court house. Mr. Livingston died in Plattsburg in 1867. His two sons, T. R. and C. G. Livingston, still survive him, and are citizens of Plattsburg. 1834. The first business house was that of Edward M. and George W. Samuels, who began business as early as July, 1834, a few doors east of where the Plattsburg Bank now stands — general merchandise. The Samuel brothers were from Kentucky, but came from Clay County ta this place. They had business houses at that time at several other points in Clay, and afterwards in Platte, Buchanan and Andrew coun- ties, of this state. George W. resides in St. Joseph. Edward M. was at one time Receiver in the United States Land Office, in Plattsburg. 1835- The next business firm (general merchandise) was J. & J. Long, who came in 1835, from Woodford County, Kentucky, and opened their store in June. James Long now resides in Missouri City, Missouri. HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. I57 Anthony Miller located here in Jul)-, 1835, and ()[)erated a grocery store. Shadrack H. Taylor, came also in 1835, and opened a grocery store. Mr. Taylor was afterwarils sheriff of the count)-. 1836. In 1836, E. P. Howell located here, and commenced business. He Avas from Clay County, and remained in Plattsburg till 1849, ^vhen he went, with others, to California, where he now resides. .Solomon Kinsey began business in 1836. He was for some )-ears a prominent man. Besides being a merchant, he was a minister of the Gospel, and was one of the first sheriffs of the county. He left the county many )cars ago. In 1836, W. J. Moss & Co., from Liberty, Missouri, opened a store, which was operated by Nathan M. Vance, who afterwards became the sole owner. Mr. Vance was from Garrett County, Kentucky. James Smith, the first blacksniith, came during this year, also Anthony Miller, who was the first tailor. His shop stood on the corner, where the Plattsburg Bank now stands. The first hotel in the town, was opened and operated in 1836, b)- Joseph Hunter, a Kentuckian. It occupied the corner where the Laclede Hotel now stands, and was a log building. Willis Long, brother of James Long, came in 1835, and died in California. During the same )-ear, Hiram Smith, and A. S. Gunter, began business. 1837- In 1837. there were nine licenses issued to business men. How many of these were issued to men who had been in the mercantile business in the preceding year, we cannot tell. It is a fact, however, that among these, was a peddler's license, granted to Alvin L. Howell, who was the first peddler in the county. George Funkhouser came in 1837, from Virginia, and soon began merchandising. He is still in tlie same business. Doctor Henry Essig settled here in 1837, coming from Center County, Pennsylvania. He immediately began the practice of his pro- fession, to which he devoted himself exclusively until 1866, when he retired from practice. He still lives in Plattsburg, at the age of sevent)-- three )-ears. Reuben Randolph and his son, William, located here in 1837. They Avere the first carpenters m the town, and constructed some of the ■earliest .residences. They were from Claj- Count)-. 158 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. Doctor Noah F. Essig came, in 1837, from Center County, Pennsyl- vania. He was the father of Doctor Henry Essig, above mentioned. The doctor was one of the first treasurers in the county, which office he filled for many years. He died here in 1859. 1838 TO 1840. During the summer and fall of 1838, Thomas McMichael, from Ohio, became a settler in Plattsburg. Shortly after coming, he engaged in the mercantile business, and continued therein at different intervals until 1863, when he retired from business, and still lives in the town, at the advanced age of seventy-one years. In 1838, Judge Charles Young, from Bath County, Kentucky, located here, but is now a resident of Con- cord Township, where he follow.s the pursuit of a farmer. . Judge Young built the first house in Kansas City, Missouri. Nelson O. Hopkins, David R. Gallaway, and William Hughes came in 1838. The latter was a merchant, died several years ago, and was the first man buried in the Plattsburg cemetery. W. P.Gibson, a tailor, located here in 1839; John Patton and Joseph Young, both shoemakers, about the same year. Young preceding Patton. Hervey Whittington came from Woodford County, Kentucky, 1840, and was the pioneer saddler and harness maker of Plattsburg. He followed this business for some years, and then engaged in other pursuits. He still resides in the town, eagaged in selling groceries. Winslow Turner came in 1840, from Liberty, Clay County. He was formerly from Massachusetts, and came to Clay Count)- from Fort Leav- enworth. Colonel Turner was, for many years, circuit and county court clerk. During his terms of office, the records were most admirably kept bj' him, and are even now, models of neatness and excellent penmanship. He afterwards practiced law, and died in Plattsburg in 1874. John Steel came in 1840, and began work with Hervey Whittington as a saddler. He was from Pennsylvania, and made the first saddle that was manufactured in Clinton County. He still resides here and follows his old trade. The above named parties, who settled in Plattsburg between 1833 and 1840, were among the very earliest pioneers of the town. Soon after the year 1840, came Judge James H. Birch, a Virginian by birth and education, who moved to Missouri in 1826, and located in Plattsburg, Clinton County, in 1841. Judge Birch was for many years register of the land office in Plattsburg. In 1848, he was appointed a judge of the Supreme Court of the state, and in 1866, began the publi- cation of the Clinton County Register, a weekly newspaper, which is still in existence. The Judge was a leading politician in this portion of the state, and was one of the best informed men of his day. mSTORV OF CLINTON COUNTY. I 59 General James W. Denver, was also an old citizen, and resided here several years, engaged in teaching school and the practice of law. He went to California from Plattsburg, and was afterwards appointed Gov- ernor of Kansas ; was a representative in Congress, and filled other important positions both civil and military. The city of Denver, Colorado, was named after him, which is now (1881) the place of his residence. Thomas E. Birch, brother of Judge Birch, came after 1840, and was appointed register in the land office here, under General Taylor's administration. Among other prominent men who resided here at an earh' day, were General Bela M. Hughes, who now lives in Denver, Colorado, practicing law, and Allen McLane, register of the land office. Then came B. O. Bean, from New Hampshire ; Dr. William Evans, from Ohio ; Joel Funk- hoiiser, from Virginia ; Charles W. Porter, from Vermont ; Joseph B. Biggerstaff, from Kentucky; Moses Shoemaker, from Pennsylvania; Isaac N. Hockaday, Benjamin Craig and James M. Clay, from Kentucky ; Charles Ingles and W. W. Scutt, from New York, and Andrew Meinin- ger, from Germany. At a later day came Judge T. D. Phillips (present postmaster), W. P. Hooper (present mayor), J. H. Bennett, A. Doniphan, E. M. Lyons, W. H. Conner, James Stonum, D. H. Lindsay (present circuit clerk), A. W. Stearns, H. S. Force, Jack Bowlby, John Vallandig- ham, William L. Ferguson, Captain E. C. Thomas, Virgil R. Porter (present probate judge), J. M. Lowe (present county attorney), and others, who came at a still later period. SCHOOLS — PRIV.^TE .WD I'l'BLIC. The first school taught was by that old pioneer, Richard R. Reese, who was the first county court and circuit clerk and the first lawyer in Plattsburg. The building in which he taught was a small cabin that stood south of and in the neighborhood of R. W. Hockaday's present hardware store. This was as early as '834, and at a period when there were but a few inhabitants. Mr. Ree.se left here about the year 1840. We have referred to him elsewhere in this work. The next regular school kept (by subscription) in the town of Platts- burg, was in 1841, in a log house, located east of the public square, on the bluff The teacher was Dr. Cyrus Hubbard, a graduate of the Uni- versity of Maine, and a brother of Governor Hubbard, of that state. The Doctor was not only a thoroughbred physician, but a man of fine classical and literary attainments, and notwithstanding his many eccentricities, which were said to have characterized him, he was eminently successful as a teacher. After teaching a term of five months, the Doctor married a Miss Ward, and thereafter devoted himself e.vrclusively to the practice l6o HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. of medicine for several years, when he moved away. Among his pupils were : Charles C. Birch, James H. Birch, Jr., C. C. Jones, Brazelton A. Jones, William Quinn, Anthony Palmer, C. C. Palmer, Jane Palmer, Delia Randolph, Virginia Funkhouser, McDonald boys and E. S. Randolph. The third teacher was, probably, Moses H. Simonds, from Ohio, a graduate of the Ohio University, and a man of excellent scholarship. He taught for some time after his arrival, and until the breaking out of the Mexican war, when he went to Gentry County, Missouri, in 1846, where he raised a company of volunteers for the service. Mr. George Davis, an old and respected citizen of Clinton County, informs us, that he saw Mr. Simonds just before his departure for Mexico, and when they were about to bid each other farewell, having been friends for a number of years, Mr. Simonds suggested that they should exchange pocket-books, as souvenirs, which was accordingly done. Mr. Davis still has the pocket-book given him by Simonds, who died on his way to Mexico. Then came John Cavenaugh, who was a graduate of the University of Oxford, England, and at one time a fellow of one of its colleges. He taught a short time, in Plattsburg, and also joined a company of volunteers, for the Mexican war, and finally lost his life at Chapultepec. The next teacher was William H. Pritchard, who was a graduate of the University of Virginia. After teaching one or two years, he returned to Virginia, and died there. After Pritchard, William E. Emory, a graduate of the Ohio Uni- versity, was employed as a teacher for several jears. He returned, finally, to Ohio. George W. Osborn, then taught several terms, was county surveyor for several years, and died near Cameron, Clinton County. Thomas D. W. Yonley, taught a number of years, and was afterward Attorney General of Arkansas. He is now in Denver, Colorado, prac- ticing law. J. M. DeFrance also taught a private school in Plattsburg. He is now an attorney, and resides in Kirksville. Missouri. Lavinus Transu and Moses Shoemaker may be classed with the early teachers. Mr. Shoemaker was, at one time, clerk of the county and circuit courts. He still resides in Plattsburg. Among the female teachers were Miss Anna Patten (now wife of Colonel Vance), Miss Cynthia Harris and Miss Frances Davis. Among the last to open a private school in the town were Miss Aletha A. and Lucy Pepper, from Kentucky. They were highly edu- cated, and taught with great success. After remaining here some length of time, they left for San Francisco, California, where they resumed teaching. Having had to rely solely upon the memory of different persons for the above information concerning the early schools of Plattsburg, HISTORY t)V CLINTON COUNTY. l6l \vc lia\c, of course, mentioned them uitliout an)- reference to chronolo|^; ical arrani^enient. There were other teachers, whose names wc could not obtain. rui'.i.ic SCHOOLS. The public school was organized in 1856, after considerable opposi- tion experienced upon the part of those who had been laboring for some time for its establishment. The directors, who then had the matter in charge, were William L. F'erguson, William Wilkerson and Colonel John Steel. These gentlemen, aided by others, were unremitting in their eftorts in behalf of the free school sj-stem, and knowing that it had been successfully tested in other states and in other communities, they were satisfied that the same sys- tem, introduced here, would proYe to be of incalculable benefit to the masses, and afford the means of furnishing at least a primary education to those who were unable to patronize other schools. At that period, the public school system, south of Mason and Di.\- on's line was not a popular institution, in fact, it was then in its incipi- cnc)- in man_\- of the Northern States. To-day (1881), howeYer, its immeasurable utilit)' is being recognized and felt all oYer the entire Union, and in no state haYe tree schools mad,e more rapid adYance- ment during the past decade than in Missouri. The first public school in Plattsburg opened its doors twent)--fiYe years ago, under comparati\ely faYorable auspices. The building then occupied was located where the banking house of Clay & Funkhouser now stands. Although the material of which the building was made was wood — a frame building — it was a rude and primitiYe structure, and contained but one room, which was imperfectly lighted and Yentilated. The first teacher employed in the public schools was A. K. Porter, from Kentucky, who now resides in the town of Plattsburg. Mr. Porter was paid a salary of forty-five dollars per month, and taught at intervals for several years. He opened the school with fifty pupils, the number steadily increasing as the town grew in population, and the prejudices which had existed against free schools abated. He was succeeded by Sidney P. Cunningham, T. H. B. Turner, of Clay County, William H. Woodson, Kellum, Miss Jennie Steel, A. J. Everly, and others. Not being able to get the early records, we cannot give the names of all the teachers and the dates at which they taught. Since 1874, however, we have the names of the principals of the public schools, and the names of each succeeding board, which wc here give: 1874. — James A. Lanius, principal. Directors: James H. Birch, Jr., M. M. McPhetridge, James M. Riley. l62 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. 1875. — John S. Stepp, principal. Directors C. M. Hooper, M. M. McPhetridge, James M. Riley. 1876. — D. H. Lindsay, principal. Directors : J. M. Riley, C. M. Hooper, N. L. Ford. 1877.— D. H. Lindsay, principal. Directors: J. M. Riley, C. M. Hooper, N. L. Ford. 1878 to 1881.— L. E. Wolf, principal. Directors : J. M. Riley, N. L. Ford, E. S. Randolph. 1879.— J. M. Riley, E. S. Randolph, M. M. McPhetridge. 1880. — E. S. Randolph, Michael Guyer, Reuben Smarr. Professor Wolf is a native Kentuckian, and has all the qualifica- tions of a successful teacher. liis assistants are Miss Louise Porterfield, Miss Delia Sprague, Curtis Randolph, James Brawner. Professor N.J. Berry is the teacher in the colored school. There are altogether enrolled, this year (1881), 280 pupils, forty of whom are colored. The building now occupied by the public schools is a brick, two stories, 32 feet by 40 feet in depth, containing four rooms 20 by 28 feet each, and well supplied with all the modern appliances necessary to facilitate instruction. The high school is under the imme- diate charge of Professor Wolf. rL.\TTSI!URG COLLEGE. The stranger, coming to Plattsburg, when going from the railroad depot to the business portion of the city, sees upon the left, and north of the Wabash Railroad, a large, two-story brick building, handsomely located upon the northern boundary of what was originally a four-acre lot. The ground is set in blue grass and shrubbery, and the building itself stands amidst luxuriant shade trees, which extend in parallel rows, forming an avenue southward to the entrance of the ground, the entire area being enclosed with a neatly trimmed hedge of osage orange. The building, though somewhat ancient in its appearance and style of archi- tecture, is in good repair, and presents, with its surrounding, an entic- ing aspect. This is the Plattsburg College. As early as 1855, by order of the Methodist Conference, the building was erected, being called, at the date of its establishment, "The Plattsburg High School." It cost at the time about $17,000, and was recognized as one of the finest struc- tures of the kind in this portion of the state. Being founded by the Methodist Conference, it was for many years under the auspices of that denomination. The Rev. L. M. Lewis took charge of the college in 1S56, continuing his connection with the institution until 1859. The number of pupils during the years that he was in control, averaged about one hundred and fifty, from Clinton and adjoining counties. Mr. Lewis was a man of rare HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. 163 culture, being not only a classical scholar, but possessing fine literary attainments. After severing his connection with the school, he finally entered the southern army as a colonel, and was afterwards promoted to brigadier general. He is now at the head of some institution of learning in one of the southern states. He was succeeded by Rev. Jesse Bird, who remained in charge for two years. Mr. Bird was subsequently arrested and imprisoned by the Federal authorities, during the civil war, for preaching the gospel without taking the oath prescribed in the new constitution of Missouri. He is an able and useful minister, having for many years been a member of the Missouri Annual Conference of the M. E. Church South. Few men have stood higher in the estimation of his brethren of the ministry or in the communities where he has labored than the Rev. Jesse Bird. Benjamin Bird, son of Jesse Bird, then became the principal of the school. He, however, remained but a short time, as the building was, while under his control, occupied by militia. While in the possession of the soldiery, the house and grounds were greatly impaired and despoiled of much of their beauty by neglect and rough treatment. During the war. Professor Scott taught the school, and was suc- ceeded by J. H. Thomas, then Captain E. C. Thomas, Williamson and Brown, Mrs. Lizzie Foster, Linn and Riley, Rev. C. W. Price, and others. The institution has had a checkered history, passing through many different hands, and operated with varying fortunes, till the present owner came in possession, in 1880. Through debt, the property fell into the hands of a corporation, known as the St. Joseph Building Company, and was sold by that company, in 1879, Mr. Thomas J. Porter, James M. Riley, E. W. Turner, N. F. Essig, John M. McMichael, and George R. Riley, of Plattsburg, becoming the purchasers, at the nominal sum of twenty-three hundred dollars. In 1880, Professor J. W. Ellis, of Ken- tucky, bought the building and grounds, and through his efforts, the school has lately been re-opened, and now bids fair to be one of the best, and most popular of its kind, in Northwest Missouri. The college is now complete in all departments, being supplied with all the necessary apparatus pertaining to a first class institution. The government of the school is good, the curriculum is high, and the facilities afforded the pupil in his efforts to obtain a liberal education are excellent. .M. K. IHURCII, SOUTH. The M. E. Church, South, was organized at Plattsburg, in 1841, by Rev. Thompson Peera, at the residence of Thomas Palmer, with four lady members, viz: Mrs. Hannah McMichael, Mrs. Israel Johns, Mrs. Isabella Palmer and Mrs. Barbara Palmer. Public worship was con- ducted sometimes at Mr. Palmer's residence, and often at the court r64 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. house, until a small log church was built, in 1846, by Thomas McMichael, which now stands on Main Street, and is occupied by the Doctors Essig as an office, the building having since that time been weather boarded, and fitted up for its present purposes. The first preacher in charge was Thompson Peera, who was suc- ceeded by Rev. Clanton. Next in order were William M. Rush, Joseph Devlin, Best, E. Robinson, John W. Ellis, Thomas Hurst, Lilburn Rush, Bryant, M. R. Jones, Robert H. Jourdan and William Bradford. In 1858 and i860, Joseph Devlin was returned, and was suc- ceeded by William Perkins, in 1860-61. Then in order, W. A. Tarwater, Daniel Penny. William M. Rush, Jesse Bird, in 1866-68 ; D. R. Shackel- ford, C. Babcock, Joseph Devlin, J. C. C. Davis, J. A. Wyder, A. V. Bailey, William N. Lewis, Jesse Bird. W. A. Hannah and B. M. Chap- man, who is the present minister. The church now occupied b\' this denomination was builc in 1868, and dedicated in 1870, by Bishop Cavanaugh, of Kentucky. It is a neat frame, 36 by 56, located on the corner of Second and Osage Streets, and cost about $3,500. Membership, one hundred and eightj'. Rev. T. H. Haggert)-, of St. Joseph, Missouri, a representative of the M. E. Church, preached the first sermon in Plattsburg in November, 1863. On the 20th day of February, 1865, he organized the first society ot that church in the town after the division of 1844. Between the date of his first sermon, and the organization of the society, he and Rev. E. Brookman held occasional services, but no regular services were main- tained until after the conference of 1865. The names of the first persons organized into a class were J. Y. McAdams, L. P.; Mrs. McAdams, N. L. Osborn, C. L.; Mrs. Osborn, George R. Shepherd, Letitia Shepherd, Samuel Shepherd, E. Shepherd, F. D. Phillips, Mary E. Phillips, Joe Funkhouser, -Barbara Funkhouscr, Harrison Funkhouser, Kate Funk- houser and Ann Funkhouser. At the conference of 1865, the Rev. Calvin Allen was sent to the Plattsburg circuit, which embraced Plattsburg, Stewartsville, Cameron, Mount Moriah and Pleasant Grove. Rev. Calvin Allen remained for two years, and was succeeded in 1867 by Revs. T. B. Bratton and H. L. Beardsley, who weie appointed to the circuit. In 1868, Rev. W. W. Roberts took charge of the church, but during the same year he sought another field of labor in Illinois, and Rev. H. L. Beardsley occupied the remainder of his time. In i86g, the M. E. Church building in Plattsburg was sold for $3,995. the trustees of the church being the purchasers. In i869-'70 Rev. A. H. Powell served the congregation, and was succeeded by Rev. J. G. Thompson, presiding elder, who served for six IIIsrOKV OK CLINTON COUNTY. l6S months, when Rev. S. Huffman was app:>intcd. In 1871, Rev. W. H. Turner succeeded him, and in 187J the Rev. ( ). Williams was appointed, he in turn being succeeded by Rev's Robert Devlin, J. H. Hopkins, J. H. Co.x, C. S. Cooper, and VV. F. Clayton, who is now in charge. Present membership of the cluircli is about fifty. The church building is brick, handsomely situated on the north side of Maple Street, on a large lot of ground, nicely set with blue grass and ornamented with shade trees. Its seating capacity is larger than that of any other church edifice in the town. It was erected in 1859, and is the oldest building now used as a church in the town. It was the subject of litiga- tion between the two wings of the church in 1866, when it was finally decided by the courts to be the joint property of both, hence the order of sale in 1869, already referrred to above. FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH was organized on the 4th day of December, 1854, at the old Methodist Church building, now occupied by the Doctors Essig as an office. The original members were Samuel H.Smith, Henrietta Smith, Wil- liam L. Ferguson, Frances A. Ferguson, James E. Young, Louisiana Young, Thomas J. Patton and Edith Patton. In those days, the organization had no house of its own wherein to worship, and held their meetings at different places — in other churches and private residences, and often at the old court house, until after the war, when the subject of building a church edifice was discussed. This was determined upon in 1868, when the present brick building was com- menced and finished, in 1869, at a cost of $3,000, including the lot, which is nicely located on the south side of Broadway. The house has a seating capacity for about three hundred persons ; its windows are of stained glass, and the interior design of the building is plain, neat and comfortable. The house was dedicated, in June, 1869, by Rev. W. C. Barrett, assisted by Dr. Raumba, and Rev. T. W. Barrett. The first pastor of the church organization was Rev. W. C. Batchelor, who served two years. The second pastor was Rev. I. T. Williams, who remained in charge five or si.N years. During the late war, the church was without a pastor until June, 1805, when the Rev. W. C. Barrett was called, to fill that position. He continued his pastoral relations with the church until 1873, when he resigned, and located at Richmond, Ray County, Missouri. Mr. Barrett is a native of West Virginia, where he was born in July, 1810. He is the son of William, his mother's maiden name being Baylis. His grandfather, Samuel Barrett, was of English e.\traction, and served l66 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. three and a half years in the war of the Revolution, being under the command of General George Washington, and was on dut}- at Vorktown, Virginia, at the surrender of Lord Cornwallis. Rev. W. C. Barrett had the advantages of onl)- a limited education, but by close application and hard study, he succeeded in obtaining a vast fund of useful and practical information. He was married in August, 1830, to Miss King, and entered life as a farmer and school teacher. In 1835, he united with the Baptist Church, and in "August, 1844, he was ordained a minister of that denom- ination. He moved to Missouri in 1856, settling in Clay Count)-, and took charge of the church in Plattsburg in 1865. Since his ordination Mr. Barrett has been a consistent and faithful minister of the gospel, and has assisted in the organization and building of many churches. He now resides in Plattsburg, enjoying the esteem and confidence of the entire community. In 1873, Mr. Barrett was succeeded at Plattsburg by Rev. W. A. Crouch, who is the present pastor in charge. Mr. Crouch is a native of Tennessee, and attended William Jewell College, Clay County, Missouri, where he was graduated in 1873. He is an earnest, logical, forcible speaker. The present membership of the church is one hundred and fifty. CHRISTIAN CHURCH. PREP.ARED BY ELDER GEORGE W. LOUGAN. The first preacher of this denomination that labored in Plattsburg was Elder Duke Young, of Andrew Count}% Missouri. He preached in 1842-3, and for several years afterwards. The church was organized under his ministry in 1843, or 1844, with a membership of not more than twenty-five or thirty persons. Elder Young was an earnest and success- ful preacher, of good natural gifts, but without a liberal education. He belonged to a class of men, of which there are not now many living rep- resentatives, but those indefatigable labors and successes in the gospel ministry entitle them to be held in honorable remembrance. The cause plead by these men. encountered in the beginning a most bitter opposi- tion, and every inch of ground gained was fiercely contested. It need not be affirmed that they were always wise in their methods, or that their spirit was in every instance to be commended. Amid the smoke and din of battle, the contestants must not be- expected to make no mis- takes. It is enough if, when the smoke has cleared away, we can see that they were fighting for right principles, and that their aims were truly praiseworthy. The earl)- meetings of the church were held in the court house. After Elder Young, there was a succession of preachers, more or less HISTORV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 167 gifted in ministerial power and usefulness. Amont,' these \vc ma\- name as especiallj- worthy of mention, Elder S. S. Trice, Elder W. D. Jourdan, Elder G. R. Hand and Elder A. H. F. Payne. Elder Rice was also at •one time pastor of the church, and died here. His remains sleep in our cit}- cemetery. Elders Jourdan and Hand are still living, in fine health for men of their age, and the latter is still toiling, with the zeal of a j-oung man, in the Master's cause. Who that once listened to Samuel Trice can ever forget him .' A man of little polish, indeed, but his strength was herculean. He was cast b\- nature in the mold of a hero, and the grace of God made him a hero in the highest sense. He was honest in e\er)- fibre of his being. In the sphere possible to him as an uneducated man, he was a robust thinker. His faith in God, and in God's word, knew no limit. Doubtless he made mistakes of interpreta- tion — what preacher has not.' — but, for what he believed to be God's truth, he was not only ready to fight, but, if need had been, to die. Grand old man, with whatever faults he had, the world has never had too man)^ such, and we miss him sadly now that he is gone. Elder Payne is said to have been — for it was never the writer's good fortune to meet him — an accomplished gentleman, as well as a highly gifted and successful preacher. No man, it is safe to say, did so much as he to advance the cause which he plead in Northwest Missouri in the days before the sad civil war. Of the tragic fate which came to him in those dark days, it is not fitting here to speak. His memory is cherished wherever he was known, and for that memory's sake, as well as on account of their own moral and social worth, his family is held in the highest esteem. The Christian Church in Plattsburg has also enjoyed at different times the stated services of the late Elder J. J. Wyatt, of St. Joseph. To such a man as Elder Wyatt, the space at command will not allow us to do other than feeble justice. His was a great nature, made greater b\' the faith in Christ and the immortal hopes of Christ's Gospel. No man in Northwest Missouri carried \\ith him so many admiring hearts. Commanding in presence, rich in endowment both of head and heart, gifted in utterance, he was a man of mark for a full quarter of a century throughout the region in which he moved. He is gone now', and alas! there is none left to bend his bow, or wear his mantle. The progress of the church in Plattsburg has not been free from irregularities, but the mo\'ement ha.s, on the whole, been a forward movement, in more ways than one. The church now numbers, accord- ing to the register, near 200 members, of whom perhaps a third reside in the country. In character, culture, and financial strength, its standing is of a high order. The present plain, but verj- comfortable house of wor- ship, capable of seating 400 persons, was erected in 1857 at a cost of about four thousand dollars. The present pastor. Elder George W. Lougan, has been with the church four years, to which may be added a l68 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. year of work before he came to reside with them (1872-3) making, together, a ministry of five years. THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH was organized April 5, 1861, with Mrs. C. M. Hooper, R. R. Turner, Mrs. Emily Turner, James VV. Trimble, Esthei S. Trimble, Mrs. M. Smith, Matilda Edgar, Mrs. R. S. Morgan, A. A. Morgan, W. P. Hooper, Mrs. L. L. Hooper, Mrs. M. E. Hughart, Ira Dunham, Mrs. H. E. Snowdon, Mrs. M. E. Smalley, O. 0. Smalley, H. C. Smalley, N. H. Whitehead, James Burr, Mrs. J. L. Burr, and Cynthia Smalley. Rev. C. A. Wiley was the stated supply, and N. H. Whitehead, deacon, and James Burr and W. P. Hooper, elders. The minister officiating at its organization was as stated above, the Rev. C. A. Wiley. He was succeeded by the Rev. John G. Scott, Rev. William P. Dixon, Rev. John P. Fox, Rev. Charles W. Price, and the Rev. J. P. Foreman, who is the present minis- ter in charge. Mr. Foreman was born in Missouri, in the eastern portion of the state, and came to Plattsburg in 1877, where he has continued to reside. He also conducts religious services at Stewartsville, DeKalb County, Missouri, where he preaches twice a month. The church at Plattsburg, has a membership of about seventy members The house of worship, a frame building, was erected in 1871, on Locust Street, at a cost of about three thousand dollars. It is one of the handsomest church edifices in the city. The building approximates the more modern style of architecture, both in its exterior and interior arrangement. The ceiling is rather lofty, the auditorium comparatively well lighted and ventilated, and the church, taken as a whole, with its graceful spire, ascending from its southeast corner, presents one of the most attractive features of the surrounding landscape. ST. M.ARY'S PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL .MISSION. Bishop Hawks visited Plattsburg sometime in 1S55, but there was no effort made to organize a church. In 1859, the Rev. Johnson preached in the district school house, but no effort was made at organization until the Rev. A. Batte came in 1870, and began to hold occasional services. The Right Rev. C. F. Robertson made his first visit in 1871, but there were no confirmations until his second visit, in 1872, when three persons came forward for the laying on of hands. The first person baptized by a clergyman of the church (the Rev. A. Batte) was Miss Florence May Turner, in 1872 ; the second was Mrs. E. Vallandigham. Bishop Rob- ertson again visited Plattsburg, in 1873, and four persons presented themselves for confirmation. In that year, Rev. J. H. Waterman organized a Mission, and called it St. Mary's, and held the first stated services in the Methodist Church IIISTOKV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 169 South, but removed in a few months to the residence of Colonel James H. Birch. In 1S74, the Bishop made his fourth visit, services being held in the Christian Church, and a class of four persons presented themselves for confirmation. In the early winter, services were held in the law office of Colonel Birch; and at Easter, in 1875, services were held in the county- court room, in the court house, until the Rev. J. H. Waterman resigned his charge, in the spring of 1876. In August, 1876, Rev. John Bennett held service in the Presbyterian Church, and arrangements were made with him for one service each month, and the Presbyterian Church was rented for one year. In August, 1877, the members concluded to build a church, and through the liberality of the citizens of Plattsburg and Clinton County, and Joseph W. Branch, of St. Louis, and the united efforts of the mem- bers, the church edifice was completed, and on September 12th, A. D. 1881, the Right Rev. C. ¥. Robertson, D. D., in the presence of Rev's James Runcie, D. D., of St. Joseph, John Bennett, of Wyandotte, Kansas, and Sydney Smith, of Cameron, and a good congregation, consecrated it to the service and glory of God, and set it apart from all unhallowed purposes. The church edifice cost about $1,500, and although small it is neat and attractive. The officers of the Mission at the present time (i88i) are J. W. Campion, warden ; J. S. Turner, clerk ; Mrs. K. C. Birch, treasurer ; J. W. Campion. J. H. Birch and Ed. W. Turner, trustees. MISSION.AKV BAPTIST (.\FRIC.\N). This church was organized with a small membership, about the year 1870, but the house of worship, a good and substantial frame build- ing, was not erected until about 1873. The church was organized by Rev. Moses Dickson. The present pastor (1881) is the Rev. Hardin Morton. Present membership is sixty-five. CATHOLIC CIILRCH. In 1866, Father Leonard Kemp, of St. Joseph, Missouri, came to Plattsburg at regular intervals, and held services at private houses, until 1867, when the present Catholic Church edifice was built. It is a frame building. 30 by 52 feet, and cost about $2,000. Father Abell, another priest from St. Joseph, took charge of the church and remained one year, till 1868, at which time he was succeeded by Father O'Riley, who continued his pastoral relations with the church, until 1876, and then went to New York, where he still resides. F"ather Ahern succeeded Father O'Riley, remaining in charge for one year, when the present pastor, Father Hanley, came. 170 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. Father Hanle\- has served his people, at Plattsburg, four years, in an acceptable manner, and has, by his energy and efficiency, materially advanced the interest of his church. The congregation having increased in membership, the church building has recently been enlarged and repainted, and now presents a handsome appearance. PLATTSBURG LODGE NO. II3, .\. F. AND A. M. First meeting of the lodge, under dispensation, October 2, 1848. Officers: George W. Culver, W. M.; Winslow Turner, S. W,; Bela M. Hughes, J. W.; Noah F. Essig, Treasurer; H. Whittington, Secretary; A. McClintock, S. D.; F. C. Hughes. J. D.; John Steel, Tyler. The first person initiated in the lodge was Martin L. Embree, November 6, 1848. The charter was granted May 9, 1850, by John T. Reynolds, G. M., to George William Culver, Winslow Turner, John W. Harsel and others. The charter was attested by C. D. W. Johnson, G. S. There were present at the first meeting under the charter, George W. Culver, W. M.; W. Turner, S. W.; John W. Harsel, J. W.; Noah L. Essig, Treasurer ; James H. Woodward, Assistant Secretary ; Martin L. Embree, S. D.; William Miller, J. D.; John P. Harsel, Tyler, pro tcm. A letter was read from Hon. George W. Dunn, which accompanied the charter.. Master Masons present were Obidiah Clark, John Stone, and Nathan Miller. Succeeded in June, 1850: George W. Culver, W. M.; John Harsel, S. W. ; Martin L. Embree, J. W.; Noah F. Essig, Treasurer; Winslow Turner, Secretary: William Miller, S. D.; Benjamin Fry, J. D.; John T. Harsel, Tjler. Succeeded in June, 185 1 : Winslow Turner, W. M.; Samuel R. Bay, S. W.[ Martin L. Embree, J. W.; N. F. Essig, Treasurer; Arch. Mat- tingly, Secretary ; John Harsel, S. D.; George W. Culver, J. D.; James P. Harsel, Tyler. Succeeded in June 1852 : Winslow Turner, W. M.; Samuel R. Bay, S. W.; H. Whittington, J. W.; John Steel, Treasurer; Arch. Maltingly, Secretary; John Harsel, S. D.; Joseph Whorton, J. W.; O. H. R Gib- son, Tyler. In June, 1853 : Samuel R. Bay, W. M.; Winslow Turner, S. W.; H. Whittington, J. W.; John Steel, Treasurer ; Arch. Maltingly, Secretary ; William Miller, S. D.; Joseph Whorton, J. D.; H. A. McClintock, Tyler. In 1854: George W. Culver, W. M.; T. D. W. Yonley, S. W.; H. Whittington, J. W.; John Steel, Treasurer; H. Essig, Secretary ; Wil- liam Miller, S. D.; Joseph Whorton, J. D.; John P. Harsel, Tyler. In 1855 : T. D. W. Yonley, W. M.; H. Whittington, S. W.; Cas. C. Birch, J. W.; John Steel, Treasurer; W. Turner, Secretary; H. A. McClintock, S. D.; James L. Johnson, J. D.; Thomas F. Viglini, Tyler. mSTOkV OK CI.INION COUNTV. I/I In i8;6 : George W. Culver, W. M.; T. D. \\\ Vonley, S. VV.; H. A. McClintock, J. W.; John Steel, Treasurer ; William J. Biggerstaff, Secre- tarv; William Kiii-ht. S. D. ; John W. Westbrook, J. D.; T. F. Visrlini, Tyler. In KS37 : George W. Culver, W. M.; T. D. W. Yonley. S. W.; H. A. McClintock, J. W.; John Steel, Treasurer ; William J. Biggerstaff, Secre- tary ; Isaac X. Hockaday. S. D.; J. W. Westbrook, J. D.; George Funk- liouser, Tyler. In 1858: W. Turner, W. M.; T. D. W, Vonley, S. W.; William Knight, J. W.; John Steel, Treasurer; A. K. Porter, Secretary; George W. Culver, S. D.; X. Maupin, J. D.; R. Turner, Tyler. In 1859: W. Turner, W. M.; W. J. Biggerstaff, S. W.; William Knight, J. W.; A. K. Porter, Secretary ; John Steel, Treasurer; George W. Culver, S. D.; X. Maupin, J. D.; f. F. Viglini, Tyler. In i860: H. A. McClintock, VV. M.; Lloyd Leach, S. W.; D. A. Stout, J. W.; George W. Winn, Treasurer; T. D. Kelly, Secretary; John Steel, S. D.; A. K. Porter, J. D.; T. F. Viglini, Tyler. In i86[ there was no meeting of the lodge from April until August, and no election of officers for that year. In 1862: Lloyd Leach, W. M.; William J. Biggerstaff, S. W.; T. F. Viglini, J. W^.; John Steel, Treasurer; George Funkhouser, Secretary; J. D. Vanhook, S. D.; S. S. Trice, J. D.; J. McClintock, Tyler. In 1863 : W. J. Biggerstaff, W. M.; T. F. Viglini, S. W.; S. S. Trice, J. W. ; John Steel, Treasurer; J. D. Vanhook, Secretary; R. Turner, Tyler; X. Maupin. S. D.; Llo\-d Leach, J. D. In 1864 : Xo meeting in June, and no election. In 1865: George W. Culver, W. M.; William J. Biggerstaff, S. W.; Lloyd Leach, J. W.; A. K. Porter, Secretary; George Funkhouser, Treasurer; T. F. Viglini, 5. D.; S, Waful, J. D.; X. Maupin, Tyler. In 1866: W. J. Biggerstaff, W. M.; George W^ Culver, S. W,; George Moore, J. W.; George Funkhouser, Treasurer; Lysias Sims, Sec- retar)-. In 1867: William Bennett, W. M.; Lysias Sims, S. W.; Lloyd Leach, J. \\'.; George Funkhouser, Treasurer; H. S. Force, Secretary. In 1868: J. O. Eaton, W^ M.; T. F. Viglini, S. W; Lloyd Leach, J. W.; H. S. F"oree, Secretary ; George F'unkhouser, Treasurer. In 1869: John O. Eaton, W. M.; Loson S. Moore, S. W.; J. H. Birch, Jr., S. W.; George Funkhouser, Treasurer; A. K. Porter, Secretary. In 1870: J. O. Eaton, W. M.; D. S. Hall, S. W.; M. X. Jones, J. W.; George Moore, Treasurer ; V. R. Porter. Secretarj-. In 1871 : J. O. Eaton, W. M.; A. W. Eskridge, S. W.; M. X. Jones, J. W.; X. S. Ford, Treasurer; V. R. Porter, Secretary. i;:; HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. In 1872: Winslovv Turner, VV. M.; N. F. Essig, S. W.; Moses Shoe- maker, J. W.; N. L. Ford, Treasurer; E. C. Thomas, Secretary. In 1873: N. F. Essig, W. M.; M. Shoemaker, S. W.; George R. Riley, J. W.; H. S. Force, Treasurer ; E. C. Thomas, Secretary. In 1874: Moses Shoemaker, W. M.; George R. Riley, S. W.; H. Essig, J. W.; N. L. Ford, Treasurer; James N. Forsee, Secretary. In 1875 : John O. Eaton, W. M.; J. M. Lowe, S. W.; Charles Ruch, J. W.; N. L. Ford, Treasurer ; Charles Ingles, Secretary. In 1876: George R. Riley, W. M.; J. M. Lowe, S. VV.; F. D. Phi-llips, J. VV.; N. L. Ford, Treasurer; J. N. Forsee, Secretary. In 1877: George R. Riley, VV. M.; F. D. Phillips, S. VV.; Roland Hughes, J. VV. ; N. L. Ford, Treasurer; J. N. Forsee, Secretary. In 1878: Charles Ruch, W. M.; Roland Hughes, S. VV.; John Payne, J. VV.; F. D. Phillips, Treasurer ; J. H. Forsee, Secretary. In 1879: George R. Riley, VV. M.; Chilton Allen, S. VV.; J. N. Payne, J. W. ; F. D. Phillips, Treasurer; J. N. Forsee, Secretary. In 1880: Roland Hughes, VV. M.; VV. T. Funkhouser, S. VV.; James VV. Porter, J. VV.; F. D. Phillips, Treasurer; J. N. Forsee, Secretary. In 1 88 1 : George R. Riley, VV. M.; Charles Ruch, S. VV.; Woodson Stonum, J. VV^; VV. T. Funkhouser, Treasurer; J. N. Forsee, Secretary. ■ The charter members were : VVinslow Turner, Noah F. Essig, George VV. Culver, A. McClintock, F. C. Hughes, John Steel, Bela M. Hughes, VV. R. Powe, John Harsel. Lodge now numbers 57 members. PI..A.TTSBURG LODGE NO. 64, I. O. O. F. Organized August 30, 1853, b\' Thomas McCarty, District Deputy Grand Master, of Liberty, Missouri. The early records of the lodge were destroyed b\- fire, and no correct data could be obtained earlier than 1865. The following were the officers in 1865: VV. L. Ferguson, N. G.; John M. McMichael, \". G.; VV S. Jordan, Secretary; VV. P. Hooper, P. S. ; B. (). Bean, Treasurer. In 1866: John M. McMichael, N. G.; James M. Riley, V. G.; James C. Dorser, Secretary ; F. Kennedy, P. S.; B. O. Bean, Treasurer. In 1867: James M. Riley, N. G.; E. M. Lyons, V. G.; M. Shoe- maker, Secretary ; F. Kennedy, P. S. In 1868 : M. Shoemaker, N. G.; C. C. -Scott, V. G.; James M. Riley, Secretary ; William L. Ferguson, P. S. ; N. L. Ford, Treasurer. In 1868 : James M. Riley, N. G.; B. D. Payne, V. G.; M. Shoemaker, Secretary; F. D. Phillips, P. S.; John Nicol, Treasurer. In 1869: F. Kennedy, N. G.; George Dunville, V. G.; James M. Riley, Secretary; F. D. Phillips, P. S.; John Nicol, Treasurer. HISTORV OK CLINTON COUNTY". 1/3 In I.S69: X. L. Kord, X. G.; Virgil R. Porter, V. G.; F. Kennedy Secretary; John Nicols, Treasurer ; James M. Rilej-, P. S. In 1S70: F. D. Phillips, N. G.; Virgil R. Porter, V. G.; James M. Riley, Secretar\- ; W. L. Ferguson, P. S.; N. L. Ford, Treasurer. In 1870: Virgil R. Porter, N. G,; C. G. Livingson, V. G. ; F. D. Phillips, Secretary; Thomas R. Li\'inston, P. S.; B. O. Bean, Treasurer. In 1871 : M. Shoemaker. N. G.; A. S. Hare, V. G.; F. Kennedy, Secretary ; V. R. Porter, P. S.; B, O. Bean, Treasurer. 1871 : A. J. Hill, X. G.; B. O. Bean. V. G.: F. Kennedy, Secretary ; F. Kennedy. P. S. ; Stephen Collins, Treasurer. The charter being arrested October, 1871, by the Grand Master, notiiing was done until the 14th of August, 1877, when the lodge reopened and went to work as before. The lodge was suspended at the solicitation of its own members. In 1877: C. C. Palmer, X. G.; B. (3. Bean. V. G.; A. J. Hill, Secre- tary; F. D. Phillips, Treasurer; E. S. Randolph, Warden; M. Shoe- maker, Sentinel. In 1878: F. D. Phillips, X. G.; C. C. Palmer, V. G.; M. Shoemaker, Secretar\-; W. L. Ferguson, P. S. ; B. O. Bean, Treasurer. In 1878: J. X. Forsee, N. G.; F. D. Phillips, V. G.; M. Shoemaker, Secretar\-; W. L. Ferguson, P. S. ; C. Anderson, Treasurer. In 1879: James M. Riley, X. G.; A. J. Hill, V. G.; M. Shoemaker, Secretary; W. L. F"erguson, P. S.; C. Anderson, Treasurer. In 1880: Ed. S. Randolph, X. G.; Jasper S. Turner, V. G.; James X. Forsee, Secretary; James X. Forsee, P. S.; James M. Riley, Treasurer. In 1880: Carl Wiegler, X. G.; Jasper S. Turner, V. G.; C. Anderson, Secretary; James M. Riley, Treasurer. In 188 1 : Jasiper S. Turner, X. G.; George W. Bryant, V. G.; C. Anderson, Secretary; James M. Riley, Treasurer. Term commencing October i, i88i : George W. Bryant, X. G.; Carl Weigler, V. G.; David L. Frazier, Secretary ; James M. Riley, Treasurer- Present membership, seventeen. The financial condition is good, and entire concord and harmony prevail among the members. Since its present organization the lodge has had two representatives to the Grand Lodge: F. D. Phillips for 1880, and C. Anderson for 188 1. On the 22d day of June, 1881, Plattsburg Lodge Xo. 2245, Knights of Honor, was organized by Deputy \V. A. Halstead. The charter members were John O. K. Gant, Thomas J. Porter, David H. Lindsay, Francis D. Phillips, Virgil R. Porter, George R. Riley, Joseph M. Lowe, George W. Dawson, Thomas G. Barton, David L. Frazier, William A. Crouch, Milton M. McPhetridge, Jasper S. Turner, 174 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. William L. Trimble. James T. Brawner, Thomas W. Walker, Willis B. Greathouse, Jol;n T. Wrinkle, Roland Hughes, James R. Clark. Officers. — James M. Lowe, Past Dictator ; D. H. Lindsay, Dictator ; Thomas J. Porter, Vice Dictator; Virgil R. Porter, District Deputy; Roland Hughes, Assistant Dictator; James T. Brawner, Financial Sec- retary ; James R. Clark, Treasurer ; John T. Trimble, Reporter ; Jesse S. Turner, Guide ; Willis B. Greathouse, Guardian ; Thomas W. Walker, Sentinel ; Wilson H. Crouch, Chaplain ; J. O. K. Gant, Medical Examiner. Trustees. — Francis D. Phillips, George R.Rile\', George W. Dawson. A. o. OK U. \v. Star Lodge No. 93, Ancient Order of L^nited Workmen, was instihuted December 17, 1878. by District Deputy G. M. W., William R. Shaw. There were ten charter members whose names are as follows : Charles Ruch, William C. Martin, J. S. Baker, W. E. Steck, W. W. Scutt, George N. Harrison, Joseph H. Bennett, A. A. Bostick, J. O. K. Gant, and John Vallandingham. Charles Ruch was elected Master, and A. A. Bostick, Recorder. Present officers : Joseph H. Bennett, Master, and John T. Wrinkle, Recorder. The present membership of the lodge is twenty- seven. NEWSPAPERS. The pioneer newspaper in Plattsburg was established in 1859, by George W. Hendley, and called the Clinton County News. In i860, this paper, a weekly, was changed to the Northwest Reporter, and continued its existence until the civil war, under the control of John Bourne. In 1861, Turner & Young, continued the publication of the same paper until 1862, when it was destroyed by fire. After Turner & Young, W. J. Marion started the , which lived about one year, the press and type being thrown into the street by soldiers. William L. Birney then commenced the publication of the New Constitution, Republican in politics, which was sold in 1866. at which time the Clinton County Register, Democratic, was established by Judge James H. Birch. In 1870, James A. Millan, now of St. Joseph, Missouri, started the Reflector, Democratic. In 1873, John M. McMichael began the publica- tion of the Lever, Democratic. In 1878, M. P. Cassity established the Defender, a Greenback paper, which lived through that campaign. In 1880, the Purifier came into existence, under the management of C. J. Nesbitt and Thomas G. Barton. During the summer of 1881, the Daily Evening Register was issued for about three months by Captain E. C.- mSTORV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 175 Thomas. This was the first anil last dail\- that was ever published in the town. Of the papers above named, the Clinton County Register, the Lever and the Purifier are still in existence, Democratic in politics, and the fact that they do exist, and have existed, (at least two of them for a number of years), is sufficient evidence that the people of Plattsburg and \icinit_\- are a reading and reflecting people. i:.\NKS .\ND K.\NKERS. CI.IMO.N Col NTY I.IKK .\NU GKNEKAL IM.iURANCE COMHANY. The first that did a banking business in the town of Plattsburg was the Clinton County Life and General Insurance Company in 1857, with a capital stock of fifteen thousand dollars. Its original stockholders were^ H. Whittington, Isaac N. Hockaday, and G. W. Culver. It con- tinued to do business until 1861, or until the breaking out of the civil war. when the stockholders, deeming it unsafe, discontinued their busi- ness. CLINTON COUNTY SAVINGS UANK. In i36o, Charles W. Porter and Isaac N. Hockaday organized the Clinton County Savings bank, under a special charter, with a capital stock of five thousand dollars, and operated it until 1863, when the bank was incorporated under a law more general in its character. In Novem- ber, [864, the charter was transferred to Joel Funkhouser, who con- tinued the busines until January i, 1878, when James M. Clay became a partner, the firm thereafter being called The capital stock of the bank was increased to fifteen thousand tloUars in 1876. This bank is still in operation, and is considered to be one of the most solid institutions of the country. was established in 1866 by Charles W. Porter, who continued alone until 1871, when George P. Funkhouser became a partner. At this date the name of the bank was changed to the Plattsburg Bank. This bank is still in existence, with, a capital stock of ten thousand dollars, and is ranked among the safest and most substantial business houses of North- west Missouri. PAl RONS BANK. In April, 1874, the Patrons of Husbandry attempted to establish a bank, and went so far as to draft articles of incorporation and by-laws. 176 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. The amount of stock was fixed at $50,000. They also elected their offi- cers and directors. Their officers were: Walden Kelley, President; George W. Davis, Cashier; J. C. Piersol, Secretary; Directors — G. W. Davis, Berryman Shaver, J. C. Piersol, A. C. Cook, James E. Young, H. A. McCartney, E. C. Hale and Lloyd Leach. The bank, however, never went into practical operation, and the idea of its establishment was soon afterward abandoned. The first regular house of entertainment erected as a hotel was kept by Joseph Hunter, on the corner of Main and Broadwaj' Streets, where the Laclede now stands. The building was constructed of logs, and was a fair sample, both in style and the manner in which it was operated, of the hotels of that day. Hunter was succeeded by Thomas Palmer, who performed the duties of a landlord in the same building. Long & Whittington opened a hotel upon the ground where the Christian Church now stands, a log and frame building. Robert Greer, at one time sheriff of Clinton County, kept a hotel on the southwest corner of Main and Maple Streets, on the present site of the millinery store of Mrs. Morris. William Morris succeeded Greer at the same stand, and Morris was succeeded by William Trickier, Samuel G. Biggerstaff and Colonel John Steel. The Clinton House was afterward erected where it now stands, and was occupied by different parties, among whom were Colonel John Steel, N. L. Ford, Mrs. N. L. Ford and J. S. Baker. J. W. Bowlby and John W. Vallandingham erected the Laclede, are now (1881) the proprietors of the Laclede and Clinton House, which are adjoining buildings. These houses are frame, and two stories high. The St. Cloud was erected about 1869, by George Moore, and operated as a carriage shop, tin shop, etc., and finally fitted up and run as a hotel. It has passed through different hands, and has been man- aged by Colonel John Steel, Henry Cline, J. S. Baker, W. L. Lyons, and others. The present owner of the house is Moses Shoemaker, and its present landlord is R. Malone. It is located on the southeast corner of Main and Broadway, built of frame, a portion of the main building being three stories in height. MILLS AND M.\NUK.\CTORIES. The first steam saw mill built in Plattsburg was about the year 1857. A carding machine was erected in 1859 or '60, bj' Samuel Blocker. In the spring of 1866, Lawson & Shoemaker commenced the building of a saw, woolen and flouring mill. Lawson soon after sold his interest to IlISTOKV OK CI.INTOxV COUNTY. 177 Gilky, who sold to Lincoln & Spanglcr. Henry R. Holland purchased the interest of Lincoln & Spangler, and finally Daniel Thomas succeeded Shoemaker & Holland. The establishment was destroyed by fire in 1877 or yS. About the year 1876, the "Little Mill" was built by John Rus- sell, and is now operated by him. Some time previous to the year iSjC-,, W. K. DcVall erected a small machine shop, adding thereafter a saw and grist mill, which is still running. Graham put up in 1S7-, and is now operating, a steam flouring mill. In 1859, \\'. W'. Scutt opened a carriage and wagon manufactory on Walnut Street, which was burned in 1862. He began again in 1866, and continued till 1875, when it was again destroyed by fire. In 1875, he opened another shop on Main Street, where he now (1881) carries on business. Jones & Dyrle commenced operating a carriage and 'wagon manu- factopj' in 1877, and were afterwards succeeded by Dyrle & Ward, who now continue the business. In 1877, W. E. Steck established a cigar manufactory, and is now (1881) still running it. 0^ CHAPTER IX. PLATTSBURG CONTINUED. MOOT LEGISLATURE-DEATH OF DAVID TRICE-EARTHQUAKE-PLAl TSBURG MARKETS- GRASSHOPfERS-A BEET-INDIAN SUMMER-PLATTSBURG CORNET BAND-SCHOOL EXHIBITION-DEATH OF JUDGE CULVER-DISASTROUS FIRE-BASE BALL CLUBS- MASONIC INSTALLATION— THE STORM OF 1870— DEATH OF JOSIAH BROWN— ORGAN!- ZATION OF FIRE DEPAKTM ENT- BUILDING AND COMPLETION OF THE BRICK BLOCK— CANE PRESENTATION— DEATH OF TYRE THORP— COLD WEATHER— DEATH OF JUDGE JAMES H. BIRCH-BUSINESS REVIEW FOR 1S80-MEMORIAL SERVICES- POSTMASTERS. MOOT LEGISLATURE. Plattsburg, like all other towns, had her literary clubs and debating societies, the membership composing the best talent, being generally, largely made up of attorneys, both old and young. These meetings were held regularly, once a week, and were always well attended pre- vious to, and after the war. In February, 1867, the then existing debating club changed its society into a moot legislature, with the fol- lowing enrolled members : B. F. Craig, for Clinton County ; Charles Ingles, for St. Louis County ; Thomas J. Porter, for St. Charles County ; J. G. Preigel, for Clay County ; E. W. Musser, for McDonald County ; W. L. Birney, for Jackson County; J. W. Smith, for Vernon County; James M. Riley, for La Fayette County ; A. J. Everly, for Buchanan County ; M. Shoemaker, for Mississippi County ; J. F. Harrington, for Greene County ; Winslow Turner, for Callaway County. Colonel Winslow Turner was elected speaker, and Mr. Harrington clerk and treasurer. Mr. Scott, of the Register, was elected permanent reporter and public printer. The Register in speaking of the first meeting of the moot legisla- ture for business after its organization says : " The Missouri legislature," so called, convened at the court house on last Saturday evening, the speaker, Hon. Winslow Turner, from Cal- laway in the chair, and we must say it was the most honorable legisla- tive body that has met in this state since the days when old Missouri was in her pride — the people represented by honest men, whose pockets were not big enough to hold two or three railroads, and whose con- sciences did not stretch from "Bangor way deown tu Bosting." Owing to the unpropitious state of the weather, and the roughness of the roads, all the representatives were not present, and the lobby contained but few citizens. llISTOr. 9 50 lorsi 12 30f7(. 35 5o(?w- 2 75 («). I 50 IS® 18 180 HISTORY OF CLIXTON COUNTY. Bacon — Side^ , »per pound Hams, " " Shoulders, " Butter, per pound Corn, per barrel Eggs, per dozen Flour, best brand, per sack 9 oo(ni. Lard, per pound Oats, per bushel Potatoes, per bushel Salt, per bushel Sugar — Best brown, per pound Crushed, " " @ 22 J Wheat — Prime fall, per bushel @ Prime spring, " " @ 2 50 Hay — Timothy, per ton 8 00@ 10 00 Seed— Clover, per bushel @, 12 CX3 Timothy, " " . . , 4 oo(aj. 4 30 Hides — Ur)-, per pound. . (w, \2\ 1867. — Several miles west of this place, grasshoppers are making fearful inroads upon all crops, and it is feared they will leave the farm- ers nothing to live upon. One farmer has lost forty acres of timothy, which they stripped, of every blade and head, and left but the bare stalk. They have cut down considerable corn, and exen devoured the potatoe tops in some localities. Corn that is foul with weeds and grass thc\' are verj' sure to take, while that which is clean, the)', generall)*, do not touch. November 16, 1867. — Mr. W. J. Trotter presented us with a /nrt last Saturday, that l>eats anything in the /'L-r/ line, we ever saw or heard of, not even excepting a "dead beat!' It is two feet, ten inches long, one foot, nine inches in circumference, and weighs fifteen and one-ltalf pounds. This beet and the fine turnip, weighing nine and a half pounds, may be seen at our office. If anybody can turu-vp a beet to beat this beet, or beat the turnip left at our office, last week, by Mr. Garner, they are invited to do so. INDIAN SUMMER. November, 1867. — For several weeks we have been enjoying the most beautiful Indian summer ever experienced in this latitude at this season of the year. The days are warm and pleasant, and if it were not IIISTOKV OF CI.INTOX COLI.NTV. l8l for the ha/.\- atmosphere which softens the outlines of the distant hills and adtls a new beauty to the golden tints of autumn, one would almost think that spring was coming back again. To the poetical, the thought- ful and the lovers of the beautiful this season offers a rare treat. I'L.\TTS1!UR(; CORNEl' I!.\NL). In December, i86S, the Plattsburg Cornet Band reorganized, with the following members : M. W. Dorser, Albert Vance, William Ray, Anthony Craig, John Morris, Carl W'eigler, Theodore Culver, T. P. Young, William Whittington, Ed. Temme and P. Biggerstaff. SCHOOL E.XIIIBITION. On the iSth day of June, i86S, the Misses Pepper's school had an exhibition in the Christian Church. These young ladies had about sixty-five pupils, about fifty of whom were girls neatly dressed in white, were formed in a procession at the school and marched to the church ; the cornet band in front of the church striking up a beautiful air as the procession made its appearance at the corner of Main and Locust streets. Entering the chuach, the pupils took their places on the stage where the following programme was carried out: Music. Declamation " The Backwoodsman," Master Willie Hockaday. Declamation "The College Picture," Miss Sallie Biggerstaff. Composition — Subject " Never Surrender," Miss Bettie Gibson. Dialogue " The Irish Servant," Masters Benjamin Moore and Eddie Hooper. Composition — Subject "The Seven Wonders of the World," Miss Mary Vance. Declamation " The Rabbit on the Wall," Miss Eliza Willis. Declamation " Nettie's Wish," Miss Lizzie Musser. Music. Composition — Subject " Daily Blessings," Miss Sallie Maupin. Declamation " The Smith Family," Master Sammie Smith. Composition — Subject " The Beautiful Workl," Miss Amanda Jones. Declamation " My DoM Rose," Miss Belle Scott. Declamation " The End of the Bow," Mi.ss Annie Kirk. 1 82 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. Composition— Subject " The Fop," Miss Ida Whittington. Music. Composition— Subject " Not dead, but Sleeping," Miss Lizzie Randolph. Dialogue " The Freed Bird," Misses Sallie Scott and Artie Hooper. Declamation "The Parting of Marmion and Douglas," Master Willie Clay. Music. Debate — Question. . ."Is the Mind of Woman Inferior to that of Man.'" Affirmative — Miss Annie Ingles. . Negative — Miss Dora Hockaday. Music. Colloquy " Mrs. Caudle's Lecture," Misses Ingles, H. Hockaday, and C. Zook. Declamation ' " Never Again," Miss Anna Dunham. Composition — Subject " Character, the Best Monument," Miss Martha Biggerstaff. Declamation " The Child's Creed," Miss Mattie Hooper. Declamation " Happy Boys and Girls," Miss Emma Clay. Declamation " George Washington," Master Willie Willis. Music. Declamation " Mrs. Prindle's Soliloquy," Miss Sallie Alexander. Declamation " Let there be Light," Miss Mary Bean. Colloquy — Representing thirteen little girls on their way to and from school — Miss Maggie Stone, Elma Funkhouser, Hattie Davis, Sallie Hughart, Jennie Hockaday, Emma Clay, Cora Funkhouser, Eliza Willis, Lizzie Musser, Julia Dunham, Mattie Hooper and Belle Scott. Declamation Nobody's Child," Miss Mary Birch. Composition — Subject "The Fairy's Two Gifts," Miss Mary Bassett. Music. Declamation " Life is Sweet," Miss Elma Funkhouser. Dialogue " Difference of Opinion on Woman," Misses Julia Denham and Julia Hockaday. Declamation " My Chickens," Miss Ruth Birch. Music. Representation of the Seasons. U'iutcr Miss Ida Whittington December Emma Willis January Annie Ingles February Clara Zook HISTORY OK CLINTON COUNTY. 1 83 Spiiiiff Helen Hockaday March Sallie Alexander April Sallie Birch May Sallie Scott Smniiier Miss Lizzie Randolph June Mary Bean July Luelah Brown August - Susie Gibson Autumn Dora Hockaday September Martha Biggerstaff October Mary Vance November Logic Steel We give the above programme in full, as it contains the names of many persons, both male and female, who are to-day (1881) honored and respected citizens of Plattsburg. Our school days are generally the hap- piest which brighten our existence here, and those of our citizens who read the above programme, having participated in the exercises of that (to themj eventful evening, will doubtless recall the pleasant circum- stances which attended the school exhibition here mentioned. JUDGE CULVER. At a special communication of Plattsburg Lodge, No. 113, A. F. and A. M., on the 30th day of December, A. D. 1868, A. L. 5,868, the follow- ing preamble and resolutions were adopted : Whereas, We have learned that our worthy brother, George Wil- liam Culver, who, for many years, has been a member of Plattsburg Lodge No. 113, and during that time was frequently Master of the same, has, through an inscrutable decree of our Divine Master, been called from his labors of earth, to partake of his rest in the invisible world, there- fore. Resolved, That, in the death of our worthy brother, the craft has lost one of its most faithful members, whose bright teachings, sterling integrity, and exemplary conduct, will be long cherished and remem- bered by the brethren with whom he has been so long associated, and society a member, whose life and reputation was without spot or blemish. Resolved, That we will wear the usual badge of mourning, in memory of our departed brother, for thirty days ; and, that we tender to his widow our sympathy and condolence in her bereavement ; and that the Secretary of our lodge present a copj' for publication to the Clinton County Register, and the " P'ree Mason," St. Louis, Missouri. J. O. EATON, W. M. H. S. FOREE, Secretary. l)IS.\STROUS KIKE. On the 4th daj- of January, 1870, occurred one of the most disas- trous fires ever witnessed in Plattsburg. The loss sustained bj- the bus- iness men and citizens, was estimated at the time to be $35,000. The Register of that date says : 1 84 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. On Wednesday night last, the 4th instant, about 1 1 o'clock, fire was discovered in the warehouse of C. W. Porter, immediately in the rear of his banking house, but before assistance could be summoned, nearly the entire population of the town having retired for the night, the flames burst out of the roof of the building and in a few seconds the entire structure was enveloped in a sheet of flame. The heat becoming so intense, it was but a short time until (J. N.) Forsee & McWilliams' drug store was also on fire. From this building the fiery element was speedily communicated to the shop occupied by J. P. Myers, for the manufacture and sale of boots and shoes, and from here to the brick building of Judge Birch, occupied by the Messrs. Shep- herd, dry goods merchants. In less time than it takes us to chronicle the affair, Judge Willis', Colonel Turner's and Doctor James' properties, and Ford's hotel, were wraped in the devouring and seething element. Judge Willis' house was occupied by Mason Hord, who had a heavy stock of dry goods on hand. The lower room of Colonel Turner's house was occupied by A. Doniphan, liquor and grocery dealer, the upper .story by Turner, Porter & Turner, as a law office. Dr. James occupied his own house. The wind at the time of the conflagration was blowing from the southwest ; had it veered, the whole of the business part of the town would now have been in ashes. C. W. Porter's brick store house, occupied by himself and George P. Funkhouser, dry goods merchant, has been considerably damaged. It was several times on fire, but indomitable effort saved it. George P. Funkhouser removed his entire stock of goods, but in a damaged condition. The new bank building, just erected by Messrs. Funkhouser & Clay, has also been damaged by the intense heat, being cracked from bottom to top. Dr. Smith's new building, recently sold to Mason Hord, and Vance's corner house, occupied by Wm. Ray, were saved by the indom- itable efforts of John Spangler, T. C. Foree, John Nichol and others, who stood at their posts gallantly and heroically, amid the blinding, suffocat- ing smoke and falling cinders, fighting the progress and mad fury of the devouring fiend. * C. W. Porter, loses $1,500, no insurance; George P. Funkhouser, damage to goods, $4,000, insured ; Forsee & McWilliams, $8,000, no insurance; Judge Birch, $3,000, no insurance; the Messrs. Shepherd, $2,000, no insurance ; Judge 'Willis, $800, no insurance ; Mason Hord, $2,500, insured; Col. Turner, $1,200, no insurance : A. Doniphan, $600, no insurance ; Messrs. Daniels & Stearns, lumber dealers, $2,000, fully insured; Dr. James, $6,000, no insurance; N. L. Ford, $5,500, partly HISTORY OK CLINTON COUNTY. 185 insured; Funkhouser & Clay, $1,500, fully insured. Total loss in tlie neighborhood of $35,000, the bulk of which is uninsured. So great a calamity has not visited our city for years, and as a result, many of our citizens are thrown out of business and must remain so for months, as there is not a vacant house or store room in the place. Our friends Forsee & McWilliams, have lost all they had, and, being uninsured, it is a severe misfortune to them. Dr. James' loss has also been heavy, with no insurance. In their efforts to save what property they possibly could, Mr. J. N. Forsee and Charles Shepherd were severly burned, and for a time were in a very precarious condition. We are gratified to learn that they are now out of danger. How the fire originated, is a mystery ; whether from carelessness or the act of an incendiary, is not known." Plattsburg, like other towns, had her base ball clubs at an early day. Among the earliest of these were the " O. K.," composed of M. H. Smith, William Hahn, Jonathan Mitchell, John Fryer, Charles Pennoyer, Braz. Biggerstaff, James T. Hughart, G. C. Bean, John Eggleston, and the " Rounders," composed of W. A. Rogers, M. B. Riley, Frederick Rogers, Kdward Whittington, Frank Young, Henry Essig, Henry Riley, George Maupin and T. N. Rile}'. M.ASONIC INSTALL.-\TION CEREMONIES. June 24, 1870, (St. John's day), the Masonic Order of Plattsburg had its installation ceremonies. Below will be found a full account of that interesting occasion : At the appointed time, the brothers of the order of A. F. & A. M. formed for procession, the tyler in advance with drawn sword, stewards with rods, apprentices, fellow-craftsmen, and masters of different degrees, the oldest of which carried the Bible before him on a black velvet cushion, the master, secretary and treasurer closing the procession. They pro- ceeded to Second Street, thence to South, thence to Main, thence to Middle, and again to Second, where they formed a hollow square, and passed into the M. E. Church, South. One rap of the gavel in the hands of Past Master, Colonel Turner, brought the meeting to order. At his request, the choir, (consisting of the following ladies and gentlemen : Mrs. L. Atkinson leading at the organ. Miss Hattie Allgaier, Miss Mollie Bean, Miss Emma Willis, Mr. M. W. Dorser, Mr. T. H. Moreland, Mr. J. T. Hughart,) opened the imposing ceremony bj' singing the beautiful hymn, " Praise the Lord, for He has Spoken," etc., etc. Then followed praj-er by the chaplain, A. B. Jones, of Liberty. Deputy, Mr. Reed, then collected the jewels from the past officers. Past Master, Colonel Turner, called the Master elect, Mr. J. Eaton, forward, and after administering the I«D HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. obligations and charges, presented him with the appropriate jewel and badge of oiflce. Mr. J. Eaton then installed the following gentlemen : Senior Warden, Dr. A. W. Eskridge ; Junior Warden, M. N. Jones ; Treasurer, N. L. Ford ; Secretary, V. R. Porter; Senior Deacon, H. S. Foree ; Junior Deacon, Dr. N. F. Essig; Tyler, N. Maupin. Hymn by the choir — "There is a glorious world of light beyond the starry skies," etc. After a few preliminary remarks, Hon. J. H. Birch, Jr., delivered the oration, and a masterly effort it was, of which our limited space permits only a short synopsis. He said : ' ' ' This day, among Masons everywhere, is held sacred on account of its being the birth day of John the Baptist, who. with John the Evangelist, are the patron saints of the order, and who (as Masonic tradition says) were both members of the craft in their life time, and have since been a bright pattern and lasting example of conduct and practice to the Masonic brotherhood. Its influence is felt wherever they are found — they are a mystic power. Improvements, education, science, moral elevation mark their presence and receive a marked impetus through them. The origin of Masonry loses itself in the dim ages of the past in the remote scenes of Judea, among the Israelites and the people of Tyre and Sidon. Tradition extends their existence even still further back. But at the building of Solomon's Temple we have the first positive fact of a regular and permanent organization. The connection of operative and speculative Masonry consists in the fact that no other science, art or employment presents such a splen- did array of symbols and emblems for instructions and lessons in moral, social and scientific truths as architecture does. Every single detail of its system offering to the student and initiate a lesson of sublime truths. It teaches that every mind should be, and is guided and directed by a still higher reason — the eternal mind of the Great Architect of the Uni- verse. Masonry is destined, in unison with religion, to instruct mankind in everything that is noble, great and good, to be a sentinel of moral recti- tude to society, a promoter of scientific progress, a shield and rescue to the persecuted and a comfort and relief to the unfortunate. It will keep on filling the earth with wisdom and knowledge, light and truth till the earth is covered with them ; till the capstone of universal brotherhood all over our globe finishes the resplendent temple on which Masonry is at work, and accomplishes the glorious task for which they have united. The history of Masonry is rich with stirring events and interesting antecedents. The ancient heroes and conquerers, especially the Romans, had members of the brotherhood permanently attached to their armies, with many privileges and honors, although the membership among the contractors or builders was a high distinction in itself They accom- panied the Roman legions to Gaul, and the rest of Europe, and so became a fruitful seed -in these barbarous and idolatrous countries. Many are the splendid monuments they left behind them in the shape of cathedrals, monasteries, and other edifices, which fill now — centuries after their erection — the spectator with wonder, surprise, and msroRV OF li.inton county. 187 delight, impressing his mind with the fortitude, enert^)-, sl- have oni>- been and their business transactions for the The firm of Doniphan & Payne ar isiness in the I lockada)' block on in business about nine months, nine months foot up to $12,000. ; successors to S. G. Bigsjerstaff in the grocery line at his old stand on Main Street. The change took place just at the opening of the holidays. They have very largely increased their stock, and will increase their business over his (Bigger- staff's), which was, for the last year, about $10,000. Davis. Burkett & Biggerstaff, recently became the successors to VVhittington & Son, in the grocerj- business, and have now one of the largest and most complete stocks of staple and fancy groceries, confec- tions, cigars and tobaccos, queensware and glassware, to be found in the city. We find their business to have been about $15,000. H. B. Mclntyre, dealer in hardware, tinware, sto\es, table cutler}-, pocket cutlery, etc. In connection with the hardware business, they make roofing and guttering a specialty. The exhibit of their transac- tions, for the past year, shows a total business of $10,000. R. W. Hockadaj' carries on a hardware establishment on Locust Street. He handles everything to be found in the hardware line ; such as shelf goods, carpenters' tools, farming implements, stoves, tinware, sewing machines, etc. He a'so runs, in connection therewith, a tinner's shop, and manufactures extensivel)- in that line, besides a large business in roofing and guttering. The fact is, he does a live!}- business, as shown by a footing up of $33,000 sales. 204 HISTOKV OF CLINTON COUNTY. O. J. Jackson we find in the post office building, in charge of a news depot. He also carriej a complete line of confections, cigars, tobaccos and a great variety of fancy notions, and is doing a fine business. His transactions for 1880, makes the splendid showing of $6,500. On Main Street, up stairs in the Meininger and Riley brick, the Misses Osburns may be found. They have only been in business a few- months over a year, but in that time have built up a lively and very sat- isfactory trade. On the same street, maj- be found Mrs. Morris, on the corner of Main and Maple. She carries a good stock in her line, and is doing a fair business, say $1,000 per annum. Mrs. Fannie Turner carries a large stock of everything usually handled by milliners, of the best quality, and of the most fashionable and popular styles. Her transactions, during 1880, sum up at $r,500. On the same street, only a little further west, we find Mrs. A. Doni- phan, with a well selected stock of hats and bonnets for the trade. She has, in the last two years, built up a handsome trade. On Second Street, opposite the Christian Church, may be found Mrs. Tine Smith. She carries a handsome line of all the most fashiona- ble goods in her line to be found in the markets. Her transactions, for the past year, we are permitted to note at $1,500. We have four institutions where wagons and carriages and many articles in the farming implement line are manufactured. On the south end of Main Street is to be found the shops of Deyerle & Ward. These gentlemen are also engaged in the manufacture of wagons, carriages, plows and many other articles in the farming implement line, and do a general blacksmithing and repairing business. They work six hands, and are building up a handsome trade and a thriving business. Their transactions during 1880 foot up the handsome showing of $7,500 to $8,000. On the corner of Maple and Third Streets, we have John T. Downey. This gentleman conducts a general business in blacksmithing, repairing and wagon making. His transactions for the past year amount to $5,500, and we bespeak for him a liberal share of the public patronage in the future as in the past, with such increase as merit and industry are sure to attain. On Locust Street, south of the court house, may be found the new firm of O'Brien & Geesey, who have just opened out, and propose to do a general blacksmithing, repairing and wagon making business. Though they have only been in business a few weeks, yet they are building up a handsome business. In addition to the above, we have two other iron mechanic or black- smith shops. Goddard Brothers may be found on Main Street, opposite Scutt's wagon and carriage shops. These gentlemen make shoeing a mSTOKV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 20$ s])ccialt)-and do a general repairing business, and arc building up, though strangers, a li\el\- trade. J. V. Hughart may be found on Maple Street, -mn, the meeting was adjourned." rOSTM.\STERS OF PLATTSBURC. Solomon Kimsey, Nathan M. Vance, Donald M. McDonald, J. F. Harrington, Hervey W^hittington, Ira Dunham, W. L. Ferguson, W. P. Hooper, Moses Shoemaker, A. Musser, Robert Turner, W. A. Marsh, Anthony W. Palmer, James M. Forsee, F. D. Phillips. CHAPTER X. SETTLEMENT OF CLINTON TOWNSHIP. Clinton Township is the central of the three southern divisions of Clinton County. It extends six miles east and west, and five miles north and south. It is bounded on the north by Concord Township, on the east by Jackson Township, on the south by the County of Clay, and on the west by Hardin Township. Being, generally, a prairie section of the county, it was not fully settled as early as some of the other townships of the same. A few set- tlements, however, were made, at a very early period of the county's history, within the limits of what is now known as Clinton Township- About the first of these was by William Livingston, from North Caro- lina. He settled, in 1826, on the west side of Smith's Fork of the Platte River. About two years after, came, from Kentucky, John Vesser. James Buckridge, from Virginia, settled in the township in 1829. In the following year, Pittman Hanks, also from Virginia, arrived, and made a settlement in the neighborhood in the fall of 1830. In 1831, Jefferson Fry, with several others, arrived from Shelby County, Kentucky. He recently moved to Colorado, where he now (1881) resides, and is the only one of the above named pioneers who yet survives. In 1850, E. B. Hall, a native of the State of Virginia, born in 1798, moved to Mis- souri and settled in what is now Clinton Township, where he still resides, and bids fair to see many more days. Mr. Hall often refers to the fact that he has li\-ed to see the elections of all the presidents of the United States, save one. Among the early settlers of Clinton Township, was Solomon Fry, a somewhat remarkable man. He was born in Frederick County, Virginia, November 24, 1797, and moved, with his parents, to Shelby County, Ken- tucky, in the year 1800. In 1820, he came to Missouri, settling in Clay County. In 1826, he visited Vincennes, Indiana, where he married Miss Susan Snapp, with whom he returned to his home in Clay County, Mis- souri. In 1827, Isaac Fry, the father of the pioneer, Solomon Fry, fol- lowed his son to Missouri, and settled in Clay County. Shortly after, h'e moved to what is now Hardin Township, near the village of Bainbridge, where he subsequently died, on the 7th of March, 1840, at the age of seventy-five years. Solomon Fry continued to reside in Clay County till the year 1840, when he moved north, and settled in Clinton Town- IIISIORV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 211 sliij), Clinton C'lHiiit}-, where he coiilinuetl to reside up to the period of his death. Susan, wife of Solomon Kr)-, died in Clinton Count)-, Novem- ber 12, 1855, aged fifty-one years. Mrs. Catherine Fry, the widow of Isaac l"ry, and mother of Solomon Fry, also deceased, lived to the advanced age of eighty-three years, seven months and nine days, dying March 14, 1857. Mr. Fry built the first jail and the first bridge ever erected in Clay County. That was in 1821, an early period in the his- tory of Missouri, and there are few now living who can recall the scenes of those days. He was also the contractor and builder, in the town of riattsburg, of the first court house ever erected in Clinton County, com- pleting, as per agreement, his job (a double, one story, hewed log house) .by the specified time — the first day of November, 1834. He was, in .his day, recognized as a representative citizen, and the records of the county show that he was frequently appointed, by the court, as commis- sioner to transact important business for the county. He early appre- ciated the advantages of education, and in 1843, erected, on his farm, the first school building ever put up within the limits of Clinton Town- ship. This building, unlike many of its successors, which were generally log houses, was coustructed of plank sawed with a whip-saw. This is said to have been the first frame school house erected in the county. The first school taught in the same was conducted by Mrs. Margaret Jones, wife of Isaac Jones, a settler from Ohio. The house was built by Mr. P'ry for the special accommodation of his own children, and those of his immediate neighbors. In 1856, Mr. Fry united with the Old School Baptist Church, of which he remained through life a faithful and exemplary member. He_ was a man of marked characteristics, displaying unmistakable firmness and generally superior intelligence. Somewhat peculiar in his ways, he was noted wherever known, for his rugged honesty and incorruptible integrit)-. In a day and locality in which wood-craft was an indispensa- ble accomplishment, Solomon I-'ry had no superior as a hunter in the count)-. In person he was of medium size, measuring five feet nine inches in height, and weighing not more than one hundred and forty-five pounds. Straight and active as an Indian, it is related by some of the cotemporaries of his earlier days who yet survive, that it was no unusual feat of hi.>< to stand on the back of his horse, and bring down with his unerring rifle, a deer at full run, which he was thus enabled to see above the tall prairie grass. Though, however, an active and enthusiastic, as well as an eminently successful hunter, he never permitted his field sports to interfere with the prompt and efficient discharge of more important duties; and, in all the various relations sustained by him through life, his conduct was eminently worthy of imitation — a true type of that noble race of generous-hearted pioneers now rapidly disappear- ini/ from tlie theater of life, and soon, but for this chronicle, to be 212 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. fortjotteii in the mi_t;"hty rush of present and future progress. For several years immediately preceding his death, he had been practically an inva- lid. On the 22d of November, 1878, he breathed his last, at the old homestead in Clinton Township, now the property of his youngest son, Shelby Fry. He then lacked but two days of being eighty-one years of age. He left besides a numerous connection, a large family of children, all grown and well advanced in years. The religious services of his largely attended funeral were conducted by Elder Todd, a son-in-law of Mr. Fry. His children are Abraham S. Fry, born in Clay Count}-, Mis- souri, January 29, 1829, a sketch of whose life appears in our biographical notices ; Mrs. Harriet Hockaday, now living in the town of Lathrop ; Lewis S. Fry, born in 1834; Mrs. India Todd and Shelby Fry, who now resides on the old homestead. Among the enterprising farmers of Clinton Township are Abraham Fry, above referred to, a large breeder of superior live stock. George W. Dawson, originallj' from Kentucky, but subsequently from Clay County, Missouri, who settled in Clinton Township since the close of the civil war. He is largely engaged in the cattle business, and is also a pioneer in the township in the raising of short horn Durham cattle. William Pickett, formerly from Clay County, is an old settler in the township, a large farmer and representative stock man. He came from North Carolina in 1829, and settled in Clay County in 1830. He became a citizen of Clinton in 1852. Besides his short horn enterprises, he is extensively engaged in the culture of fine sheep. Judge Berryman Shaf- fer, formerl}' of the count}- bench, is a prominent feeder of superior live stock in the township. The general aspect of Clinton Township is that of a beautiful plain, just sufficiently rolling to be perfectly drained by the natural inclination of the surface, while the banks of Clear Creek and tributaries are suffi- ciently clothed with timber for all the necessary purposes of fuel, fenc- ing, etc. Clinton Township, with its beautiful natural features, contains improvements equal to, at least, the best in any other portion of the county. During the ci\-il war this part uf the country sustained, at the hands of demons in human shape, some of the \-ilest atrocities ever perpetrated in the name of lo}-alt}- to the F"ederal go\-crment. Promi- nent among these blood}' and unprovoked murders was the cowardly and deliberate assassination of Elder A. H. F. Payne, against whom the onl}- charge alleged was that of being a s}-mpathizer with the rebellion. At the time of the murder, the officer in command of the squad who perpetrated the butcher}-, was fully apprized of the fact that Mr. Payne was ampl}- provided by the F'ederal authorities with certificates of char- acter as a peaceable citizen and Christian minister, and was duly author- ized by them to pursue his calling. It remains a lasting reproach to IlISTORV OF n.INTOX COVST\. _2I3 those then in power that, notwithstaiidin;:; promises to tliat affect on their part, no effort was e\er put f- County, is (1881) minister. The second religious organization in the township was the United Baptist Church of Jesus Christ, organized March 16, 1866, with the fol- lowing named persons: J. D. Lewis, Susan A. Lewis, C. Sloan, Eliza Sloan, D. Lamb, Mrs. E. Lamb, William S. Marsh, D. H. Marsh, John Marr, Eliza C. Marr. Frances Marsh, Miss E. M. Marsh, William Pritch- ard, ]Melvina Pritchard, Martha F. Ruple, Lucy L. Bagley and S. B. North. Church was built in 1874, and cost $1,600. It was dedicated April I, 1874, by the Rev. W. P. Yeaman. The pastors have been : William McF"arland and A. N. Block ; G. L. Block, clerk. Present mem- bership. 71. SETTLEMENT OF HARDIN TOWNSHIP. Hardin Township is bounded on the north by Atchison and Concord Townships, on the east by Concord and Clinton Townships, on the south by Clay County, and on the west by Platte County. It is located in the southwest corner of Clinton County, and compares favorably, as a pro- ducing district, with any section of the county. It is well watered, by Robert's Branch and Linn Branch, the latter stream flowing in a south- easterly direction and uniting with the former, while the former flows south, near the central portion of the township, and enipties into Smith's Fork of the Platte River. Something more than one-half of this township is prairie, and the balance is timber, which skirts the banks of the two streams mentioned, besides it is found in abundance upon other smaller water courses, which 214 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. form the tributaries of Robert's and Linn Branches. Hardin Township, l)-ing contiguous to Clay Count}- (Cla)- being just south of it), settle- ments were made in it, and near the line of Clay, at an early day. Among the early pioneers to locate in this township was Lorenzo J. Froman, originally from Hardin County, Kentucky, but from Clay County to Clinton County. Mr. Froman settled in Hardin Township in 1828, on section 6, township 54, range 32, and continued to reside there until the date of his death, which occurred on the 2d day of October, 1877. His widow still survives him. At the time of Mr. Froman's arri\-al there was but one family living in the township, some half a mile from where he settled. Mr. Froman was one of the leading citizens of his township and of the county, and was one of the county court judges from 1839 to 1846. Joel Burnham built the first house in the township. James, Joseph and Archibald Elliott located in the township before Mr. Froman did, and were from Kentucky. Archibald Elliott was one of the first county judges, serving from 1833 to 1834. Among the earliest settlers of this township were Solomon Fry, of whom we have spoken elsewhere in this history, Benjamin and Elijah Fry, from Kentucky. Then came Isaac Baker, James Winn, John Faddis, James M. Creed, Wm. L. Creed, John Pulliam, Joseph and Samuel Gist, all from Ken- tucky. About the same time James, Myra, and Elisha Hall located in the township from Tennessee. Then came Jeremiah and James Newby from Kentucky, and J. W. Pulliam from Clay Count)'. All of the above mentioned are dead. Another old settler in the township was William Carpenter, from Lawrence County, Ohio. Mr. Carpenter opened the first store that was operated in the township, in the northwest corner of the same. Samuel M. Froman, son of Lorenzo J. Froman, succeeded Mr. Carpenter in the mercantile business, and at the same place. Here was also established the first post office in the township. Beverly Martin was also an old settler, but after remaning a short time in this and Concord Townships, moved to Southwest Missouri, where he still lives. Dr. W^illiam Miller, who is still living, was the first physician to locate in the township. Captain John Reed, located in the township among the first, coming originally from Kentucky to Missouri, but came from Clay County to Hardin Township. Captain Reed was a man of considerable wealth and a very intelligent as well as a very influential citizen. Like a \-ast majority of the people of Clinton' County at the breaking OLit of the late civil war, his feelings and sym- pathy were on the side of the south, but being an old man, he took no part against the government of his country. He was, however, the victim of a wanton butchery, being killed in 1862 by Federal soldiers, UIsrOKV OK CLINTON COUNTV. 215 who took him away from liis home and shot him n cold blood. Josc])h McCorklc and L. J. Wood were also among; the earl)- settlers. LIIL-RCHES. Tile first church building (log house) was erected on the farm of Lorenzo J. Froman, above named, between 1837 and 1840, and was then named Stony Point. The land upon which it stood, as well as the gre.ve- )-ard near it, was donated by Mr. Froman. The Rev. John Elliott, Cumberland Presbyterian minister, organized the church, and afterward married Lorenzo J. Froman and Cecil Gist in the old log church. The next denomination to build a house of worship was the Mis- sionary Baptist, under the labors of the Rev. Brawley, from Clay County. Services were held at first in the house of J. W. Pulliam. The churches of the township now (1881), are : Ebenezer Church, erected in 1871 or 1872, by the Methodists and Christians ; Elder W. C. Rogers, of St. Joseph, is the Christian minister, and Rev. Leeper, the" Methodist. The Cumberland Presbyterian Church, built in 1875 or 1876, under the management of the Rev. W. O. H. Perry, who now resides at Stewartsville, DeKalb County, Missouri ; present minister in charge, O. D. Allen. Regular Baptist Church, called Pleasant Hill, built under the auspices of Eppe Tillery ; this church was organized in 1846 ; the names of the original members were : James Elliott, Thomas Fry, James C. Hall, Westley Gentry, Dillard Martin, Joel Mathews, Samuel Oldham, George B. Lingenfetter, Elizabeth Elliott, Catharine Fry, Virginia Hall, Polly A. Fry, Susan Fry, Fannie Mathews, Mary A. Fry, Cynthia S. Lingenfetter, and Sallie Hall ; the church was built in 1868, and cost $1,500; it was dedicated in October, 1868, by Thomas Wolverton and James Ward ; the pastors have been Rev's Eppe Tiller)-, L. W. Todd, and James C. Penny ; it has a membership of thirty-three. All neat frame buildings and are in a flourishing condition. SCHOOLS. There are seven school houses in the township, six white and one colored- They are known as the Hazeldell, Lott's, Hall's, Stony Point, McCully's, Oakland and the colored school. The first teacher was Wil- liam Rainey, from Kentucky, and taught at a \ery early day, on the farm of Lorenzo J. F"roman. Mr. Rainey is said to have been an excellent teacher, but would occasionally imbibe too freel)^ of stimulants, and while under their influence he was sure to practically demonstrate his belief in the scriptural injunction, "Sparc the rod and spoil the child." MILLS. Among the earliest to erect mills in the township were Solomon and Benjamin Fr)-, Solomon putting up a mill in the southeast corner of the township, and Benjamin locating one (both horse millsj near Bainbridge. 2l6 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. Uriah Bainbridge erected a flouring and saw mill on Robert's Branch, about the center of the township, to which he attached a distillery in 1856 or 1858. Bird Hixon has now a saw and grist mill, on Smith's Fork of the Platte, built about 1878. GRAYSON, a small station in Hardin Township, is located on the southwestern branch of the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad, seven miles southwest of Plattsburg. The town was laid out in 1871, on land form- erly owned by H. B. Baker. The town was called Grayson, after Mrs. Baker, whose maiden name was Grayson. The first business house was that of Eaton & Baker, succeeded by Mr. Jacobs. The present business firms are Henry Owens, merchant and post master ; James Forsee, drug- gist, and a blacksmith. Grayson is located in the midst of a fertile region of country, and constitutes the shipping point for large lots of hogs and cattle. CHAPTER XI. SETTLEMENT OF JACKSON TOWNSHIP. This township occupies the extreme southeastern corner of Clinton County, including township 54, range 30. It extends east and west eight miles, and north and south five' miles. Shortly after the first organization of the county, in 1833, the same was divided into two townships, the eastern of which was styled Jackson. Of this, the first justice of the peace appointed was John Biggerstaff, and the first con- stable Ezekiel Smith. Other townships, from time to time', were made out of this territory, till finally the term Jackson Township became exclusively applied to that district of the county above referred to, as at present so designated. Though other portions of the county were, perhaps, a little earlier settled than the territory included in what is now known as Jackson Township, some of the leading pioneers of Clinton undoubtedly made their first settlement in that section. While Jackson, beyond question, compares favorably, in an agricultural point of view, with any other section of the county, it is, nevertheless, in some portions, more broken, or rather less uniformly level than other parts of the same. It is well watered by Clear Creek, Muddy Creek, and other tributaries of Fishing River, the banks of which streams are all more or less heavily clothed with excellent timber of different varieties, including oak, wal- nut, ash, hackberry, hard maple, sycamore, linden, and other growths indigenous to these latitudes. " Indeed, this township may be termed a timbered section of Clinton, most of its area being originally heavily wooded. Its soil, in common with that of other portions of the county, is generally rich, producing excellent crops of the staples now raised. In anti-bellum days, it was one of the finest hemp producing sections of a county that had no superior in that yield in the state. Along the banks of the creeks, excellent limestone, suitable for building purposes, is readily cjuarried. Sand stone is, also, occasionally found, but of inferior quality. As yet, no positive evidence of the existence of coal within the limits of the township has appeared. Those who settled, m an early day, in this locality, testify to the exuberant growth of the different varieties of prairie grass in this sec- tion, some of which, especially the well known Bluestem, has been kpown, here, to attain a growth ot seven or eight feet. Among the earliest of Clinton County's 2 IS HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. PIONEERS to settle in what is now Jackson Township was probably Hiram Smith, who located about the center of the same as early as 1826. In 1828, Mrs. Nellie CoiTman, with her mother and her son, afterwards Judge J. R. Coffman, then a small boy, came from Kentucky, and settled on or near the site of what afterwards became the thriving and important town of Haynesville. Judge Coffman's grandmother lived to the remarkable age of one hundred and seven years, and died in Haynes- ville in 1844. His mother, Mrs. Nellie Coffman, also died there in the spring of 1877, at the advanced age of ninety-three years. The judge himself for many years a representative citizen of the county, was thrown from his carriage in the streets of Lathrop, and died in the Lathrop House, in that town, from the effects of this fall, August 3, 188 1, at the age of sixty-one years. He had filled several important offices in the county, the duties of which he discharged with zeal and efficiency. He was an honorable and upright citizen and died regretted by all. Collins, in his History of Kentucky, records the following amusing incident : It appears that Jacob Coffman, a pioneer of that state, lost his life in one of the many expeditions against the Indians in which the settlers of that day were, from time to time, engaged. When the news was brought to his widow, afterwards the venerable pioneer of Jackson Township, who died as above stated, at the age of one hundred and seven years, the sorrowing widow, in the bitterness of her deep affliction, exclaimed: "Jake dead! well, I would as soon have lost the best cow and calf on the place ! " Drew Cogdill, the bold hunter, his brother, Josiah, and George Denny, Sr., settled near Haynesville, in 1835. Collet Haynes also settled about this period, together with others from different sections, among whom came Austin R. King, the first in Jackson Township to teach the young idea how to shoot. Mr.' King, who is a native of North Carolina, now (1881) in his eighty-second year, is still living, in the enjoyment of robust health, and, seemingly, in full possession of all his faculties, on the farm on which he settled forty-six years ago, one and a half miles west of Haynesville, where, ten days after his arrival in the neighbor- hood, he established the first school ever opened in the township, and which he continued to teach for a period of three successive years. The school building was a rude log house, with puncheon floor, and windows and furniture in correspondence. With these appliances and surround- ings, the pioneer teacher, endowed with attainments worthy of a better experience, began his first efforts in the distant West. The fame of his ability, and consequent success, soon reached remote districts, and pupils flocked to his school not only. from his own county, but from the remote Grand River country, and even from more distant localities. lll.^TOK^• Ol- Cl.lNION COLNTV. 2I9 At one time, his academj- numbered o\er eiy;ht_\- pupils, a laro circum- stance in that earl}- day and sparsel\- settled countrj-. Among the students of this pioneer institution of learning were two youths, both of whom afterward rose to eminence. One of these was Moses E. Lard, who achieved a national reputation, and the other Benjamin Baxter, afterward a distinguished Methodist preacher. The family of young Lard were extremely poor, and such was the impression which the youth made on the kindly heart of his joung teacher, Austin R. King, that he not only taught him gratis, but boarded him without charge, in order that he might properly avail himself of the opportunity of study. His brother, William Lard, was also a pupil in A. R. King's school; but he does not seem to have manifested that desire for learning for which his great brother was, afterward, so pre-eminentl\- distin- guished. At the time that Moses E. Lard accepted the kind offer of his teacher, he was about to be bound apprentice to a tailor in Liberty, b}- the name of Doughert\-. Leven Lard, the father of Moses, had six children, three sons, Moses E., John and William, and three daughters Elizabeth, PoU)^ Anne and Jenn\-. He was, in his waj-, a remarkable man. About the )-ear 1S3.2 or 1833, he had emigrated from his home in Tennessee to the west and settled in Clinton Count)-, Missouri, for the sake of the game, which, at that day, there abounded. He is described as a man of quick, strong sense ; tall and straight as an Indian, with a flashing eye and black hair ; of manl)- bearing, candid, frank and gener- ous to a fault; loved his friends with an intense love, and hated his enemy with an intense hate — a man of great courage, quick temper, but cool and self possessed. His rifle, his pon}-, and his dog, were the idols of his heart. Alas for the buck on whom he drew that bead or touched that fatal trigger ! He was as tender hearted as a woman, per- fectly truthful and exceedingly improvident. He never owned less than one horse and a gun, seldom two of either, and never a home in his life. Though himself irreligious, he respected religion in others ; never suffered his children to use improper language, and encouraged them, with his whole heart, to speak the truth always. He detested oppression and sympathized with the humble and the injured to a degree which, at times, made him wild and dangerous. When he could boast of a tent for his wife and children, with a boundless prospect of deer, his spirits- were high, and life was a luxury. Such was the picture which, more than thirt)- years after his arrival in this county, the distinguished Moses E. Lard, drew of his honored tather, who died of small pox a few months after he landed in Missouri, leaving an almost destitute family. In speaking, in after life, of a religious meeting which he conducted near what is now Haynesville, Moses E. Lard thus feelingly referred to his quondam preceptor, the venerable Austin R. King : "Among the many that joined at that meeting. I take much pleasure in naming my 220 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. old school teacher, Austin R. King. I owe him a debt of deep gratitude, which I am not ashamed to confess. His education was not high, nor his ability as a teacher, uncommon. Yet he possessed this eminent merit — that he inspired his boys with a most uncommon love of learn- ing. Their thirst under him for the Pierian spring, became romantic and intense. He awakened hopes, sneered at obstacles, cited illustrious names, till he left his pupil feeling that none but a dastard shrink to bear the toil for the dazzling honor that beckoned on ; and if more did not leave him to become honorable and useful, if not distinguished, let none lay the charge to the tremulous form that still resides a mile west of Haynesville. When the time comes for the Great Teacher to mete out to the obscure humble worker, the reward due the cup of cool water, I pray Him to remember m}- old benefactor with a fitting honor." With man_\- others besides, who came about the same time, may be mentioned J. Holt, a native of North Carolina, who settled, in 1837, about one mile from Haynesville. The town, long after built in Clay County on the Kansas City branch of the Hannibal & St. Joseph Rail- road, was named Holt, in honor of this pioneer. Michael Holt, a nephew of his, also came from the same locality. About the same time, or shortly after, came Marvel Jones, Wilson Potter, and Mart Reels. Alfred Whitsett, Sr., settled in the township in 1839; Jesse B. Truggle, in- 1843. Some of the other representative settlers, included, James Allen, who died in California, William Goddard, who also moved to California, Smith Crawford, Anderson Smith, G. W. Stokwell, and family, Washington Huffaker, one of the earliest officials of the county, Joseph Hunter, the Palmers, Wm. Coulter, the Douglasses, the Reed family, William Jones, Judge David Cooper, the Lindsays, Reuben Rogers and family, the Toddhunters, Wade, who started the first tannery in the township, Josiah Walker, James Williams, Allen Denny, the Perkins family, the widow Henderson and her six grown sons, the Rowe family, the Feriils, J. Brown, Richard Millar, Ben. Riley and son, Peter Boggess, Israel Johns, the Pullens, James Dagley, Sr., and Jackson Estes ; Dennis Parsons, William Holt, a brother of Jesse above men- tioned, Jesse Brown, Silas Henderson, now (188 1) living in his eightieth year, and John Henderson, his brother, in his eighty-second year, Silas Moreland, T. J. Hubbard, from Madison County, Kentucky, who came in 1847, and the first to introduce into the neighborhood the breed of short horn Durham cattle ; David Reynolds, from Garrard County, Kentucky, who came to Haynesville in 1847, now living there in his seventy-sixth year. John and William Albright, Rev. Philip Gill, and his brother John, settled, in an early day, within the limits of Clay County, but so near the town of Haynesville as to be almost identified with its population. Man)- of the above mentioned, indeed most of them, are dead. HISTORV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 22 1 James W. I-A-ans, at different times a saddler, a merchant, ami a farmer in Jackson Township, came to Haj-ncsville in 1844. He recently moved to the neighborhood of Lathrop, where lie owns a fine farm of three quarter sections of land in a bod)-, around and iqion which are about ten miles of hedge fence. Settlers began to flock in, attracted by the fertility of the soil and other elements of excellence. Meetings for religious services and gath- erings of a social nature bringing the people together from time to lime, suggested the idea of a village. Accordingly, in Jul}-, 1840, Solomon Kimsey, William F. Franklin, and James R. Coffman laid out a town about ele\-en miles southeast of Plattsburg. This, in honor of Collet Haynes, whose farm was nearest the proposed town site, they named H.WNESVILI.K. It was also in the immediate neighborhood of a well known spot called Oakland, to which Moses E. Lard once thus referred : " My first meeting was held far, very far out in the west, at a place called Oakland. The place was so named from a fine old oak, beneath whose grand shade the meeting was held, and from the forest of puerile oaks that grew round it far and near, all of which, for ought I know to the contrary, may have been the true, lineal, and I will even say, legitimate descend- ants of that same patriarchal tree, for it looked as if it might have been the sire of an endless breed of oaks. Shortly after the meeting, and close to Oakland, a little town sprang rapidly up called Haynesville. It was so called after Collet Haynes, a plain, honest farmer of the neigh- borhood, whose greatest sin was that he used to predict, in my young days, as I have been told, that I would certainly at some time be hanged. Hitherto, I am thankful Collet's vaticinations have not been realized, etc. Haynesville I still remember with becoming gratitude ; I remem- ber it chiefly for its mince pies, honest men, virtuous woinen, niiidtl_\- streets, and numerous tribes of dogs. It is no great town, to be sure, and properly enough, has never made any great pretentions to town- ship. Vet Haynesville has its merit— it has never produced a politician nor a rhymster — two of the greatest calamities that can befall a village. Haynesville stands in the midst of a district of great fertilit>- of soil —a district which, I am sorr)- to add, has ceased within the lar,t few )-ears to be \cry eminent for anything. A long time ago, that is to say in the days of Solomon Kimsej-, it used to be noted for its numerous Baptist and Methodist revivals, and for the innumerable ghosts that infested it. The statement is made on the authorit)- of Drew Cogdill, a bold hun- ter, a brave man, very apt to see ghosts, and sure to tell when he did. Most of the men in the neighborhood could read Chronicles by spelling half the words, while all had either read Bunyan and the eighth of Romans, or heard them read. Bunyan supplied them with e.vi^eriences, 222 HISTORY OF CLIXTON COUNTY. Romans with texts to pro\^e predestination. On Sundays, most of the country flocked to meeting, the wags to swap horses and whistles, and to bet on the coming races ; the Christians, as was fitting, to hear the sermon and relate their experiences. The sermon was sure to be on foreknowledge or free will, and to contain a definition of eternity. The experiences embraced reminiscences of headless apparitions, or voices of pulseless corpses wrapped in coffin sheets. Of that antique age, Solomon Kimsey, of whom honorable mention has already been made, was the oracle, his brother-in-law, Rrawley, the butt. Solomon aye preached the same sermon, which aye had the same effect — that is, it left the women crying and the men discussing election . He had a taste for the marvelous and delighted in the tales of Dr-ew. He relished a tough story well, laughed heartily, smoked a pipe in decency, and never said so fervent a grace as when a huge turkey-cock, just from the spit, lay before him . Another feature of those primiti\e da\-s which deserves mention here, was the neighborhood fortune teller. She was always a noticeable character, with a squint eye, a single tooth, "a nose and chin that threatened 'ither,' a weird voice, stiff fore finger, wore specs and took snuff. The instrument with which she divined was a tea cup with coffee grounds in it. The wife you were going to marry, the children to have, she could tell with infallible certainty. The very spot she could name where you might find your stolen horse, or stray pig. She could tell where bags of gold lay deep emboweled in the earth ; where the bones of murdered men lay rotting, and was the true conservator of the vicin- age. During her life no rake might attempt illicit love, belle play false with her lover, or neighbor steal his neighbor's hams or kail. All feared her and kept the peace, as decent folks should do. The country pedagogue of those unregenerate days also merits a paragraph. He was generally a chuffy man, five feet six, with gray hair and a fine girth — a man who cracked off definite articles, copulative conjunctions, Hooglys Bay and ciphering; could tell the day of the month by the almanac, and brogue your moccasins; pulled teeth, bled and puked the neighbors ; took grog with you when dry ; wrote your will and prayed for you when you were dying. He was a deacon in the church, justice of the peace, and general counsellor at law, and was a robust believer in witchcraft ; he was always elected captain on muster days ; was president of the debating club, judge at shooting matches, held children when christened, and gave lectures as to the best time in the moon to salt meat and plant snaps. In the school room he was a philosopher and a tyrant, made few impressions on the mind, and left many on the back, taught the bo\-s to make manners, and the girls to curtsy ; at noon played bull-pen and knucks, and at all other times was a gentleman and an astrologer. HISTORY Ol' (I IN'TON COU.VTV. 223 Tlu- corn slnicktiit; of tliosc days was an occasion which always bi-ouijlit the whole nciLjhborhood to^jcthcr. The women met to brag on their babies, drink stew, knit and tliscuss the best method of setting blue d\e ; the men to shuck corn, take rye, recount battles with bruin, and tell of long shots at deer; the boys to sjjark and blush ; the girls to ogle and fall in love. Next to corn shucking, the winter t[uilting and hoe-down were the pride of this long past. To me the chief attraction at the quilting wa.s the huge stacks of pumpkin pies which graced it, of which I am not con- scious that I ever had enough. Deer roamed through the woods, foxes burrowed in the cliffs, panthers scramed, wolves howled, and squirrels lived in almost every hollow tree. To hunt these foxes and climb these trees was my con- stant Sunday calling. This was the great sin of my early life. It was for this sin that Collet Haynes argued my future end. As predestina- rians rode to meeting and heard my hounds, they sighed and muttered, " the hemp is growing that hoists him." But for all their hard wishes and hard sayings, I now take deep pleasure in forgiving them. It is proper here to add, that the forerunning narrative antedates the time of my meeting by several years. It relates to a more primative time — a time when the red man's track was still in the land, and bears were a weekly sight. At the time of my meeting (1842), great advances had been made on those times. The men had ceased to wear buckskin, the women, dressed in calico and drank green tea, ghosts were more rare, and Drew had migrated. Tents covered with elm bark were now quite out of fashion, boots were occasionalh- seen, the men used handkerchiefs and the women sidecombs. Soap was no longer a mj-th to the children, though starched bosoms still attracted much attention. The more able families could afford tables, and biscuit on Sunday morning, while almost all had learned what sausage and spare-rib meant. Buggies and steamships were still fabulous things, while cock fighting and log rolling had fallen into disuetude. Collet Haynes had long ceased to prophesy ; old Henry Green was dead ; though Andrew Fuller still prosecuted truants for climbing his saplings, and regularly made the circuit of his estate every Sabbath to see if any neighbor had broken a twig or stolen a pig nut. Austin King, dear man, was now justice of the peace, and Wash. Huffaker, county judge, though Wash, still used his thumb and finger, and not his handkerchief A shingled roof and a brick stack were now not absolutelj^ unknown, and men used chains instead of withes in plowing. The use of pins was altogether abandoned, and. fish were caught with hooks, as in other countries. In Haynesville, shotguns, pacing horses and red top boots, however, had not yet made their appearance, although deer skins were thrown aside and the young men were using saddles. Such was the state 224 HISTORY OF. CLINTON COUNTY. of the country about the time of my meeting, etc." At the close of this, the Oakland meeting, which lasted two weeks, some si.xty names were included in the church organization. In July, 1842, the town of Haynesville was laid out bj- Solomon Kim- sey, William F. Franklin and James R. Coffman. It is evident, however, from the statement of Lard, that at the time of his first meeting in 1842, there were no buildings yet erected on the site. This perhaps, is not strictly correct. The town, at all events, soon after took its start, and rapidly became the trading center of a vast area of country. The first to build on the site of the town was Burnett Scott, who, about 1842, put up a wagon shop, a blacksmith shop and a dwelling. The first man to give mercantile consequence to the town was William Ligget, who opened the first store in the place in 1845. His stock in trade consisted of whisky and leaf tobacco. He continued in business here about twelve months, when he concluded to abandon commercial pursuits, and went into the live stock business. He died. some years after. • The second mercantile enterprise in the town of Haynesville was established by Robert Harris, on a! rather more extended scale than that of his predeces.sor, his stock to the value of $800, including, besides whisky and brandy, thread, buttons, chalk, cheese, grindstones, and various other articles of current demand in that time and locality. It appears that reading was a part of Mr. Harris' literary education to which not a great deal of attention had been given, while writing was an accomplishment which he entirely ignored. To a man of Mr. Harris' native resources of mind, however, this slight defect in mental culture was no desideratum. Fruitful in expedients, he instituted for his own personal convenience, a system of hieroglyphics wherein he recorded his daily business transactions. These it appears, however, were not as uniformly intelligible as might have been desired, and sometimes were the occasion of some trifling embarrassments, as the following occurrence goes to show: A customer calling one day to settle his account, Mr. Harris turning to his " books " (certain chalk marks on the wall) promptly enumerated among other articles, a cheese. This the customer emphat- ically denied ever having bought. The merchant, in the opinion of his patron, undoubtedly honest, was equally positive of the unfailing accur- acy of his " books," while he admitted that he had no recollection of the transaction. At this juncture the customer remarked that accuracy was certainly not a feature of Mr. Harris' style of book-keeping, for he had neglected to charge up a grindstone which he had purchased. The truth immediately flashed on the mind of the astute merchant and accomp- lished book-keeper, and, with many apologies, he proceeded to explain that the circle represented a cheese, and that the same figure with a dot in the center, for the hole, represented a grindstone. Making the entry hurriedly, in the press of business, he had neglected the central dot. HISTORV or CLINTON COUNTY. 225 Hence the mistake. On a subsequent occasion, it is reported that tliis pioneer merchant manifested another peculiarity, or rather an idiosjn- cracy based upon an equitable principle. A customer, on one occasion, desired to purchase one dozen buttons, the entire stock in trade in the button line of Mr. Harris, and was informed by that gentleman that the thing was out of the question; he could not be so unbusiness-like as to sell all his buttons to one man, as that, to use his own expression, what- ever it meant, "would break the assortment." The building in which this business was conducted was built of linden logs, and was afterwards weather boarded and painted red, in consequence of which color it w as styled the ''British house." At the end of his first year's experience in commercial pursuits, Mr. Harris found himself compelled to suspend business, and vacated the premises, which were afterwards occupied b)- Yelverton Green as a whisky house. The British house subsequently served various purposes, among others that of a private residence. It was finally torn down. Robert Harris was the first to hold the office of post master in Haj-nesville. After the suspension of Harris, several other small establishments of similar character started, and, in turn, sooner or later, closed out. About 1845 or 1846, Abraham Funkhouser and James P. Gee opened in Haynesville a $2,300 stock of general merchandise. They long con- tinued to be the representative firm of the place, and subsequently pur- chased of Irvin Groomer a brick house, in which they continued to sell goods. This building still (1881) stands on the town site of Haynesville. In 1849, James R. Coffman was appointed post master of Haynesville. He was the second to fill this ofifice. Shortly after Funkhouser & Gee, William Tracy opened a stock of goods in the place. The Rev. Franklin Graves, a Baptist minister, also about this time began to sell goods. They all did a safe and pros- perous business. Collins & Davis for a number of years did a large dry goods business, as did also Hubbard & McCroy. In 1853, Sommers & Gee embarked in general merchandise, and for a time did the largest business ever conducted in Haynesville. The style of commerce in that day involved to a great extent the credit system ; and the breaking out of the civil war, which rendered the collection of debts of this character, in many instances next to impossible, ruined this firm. Hamilton Si Evans did a large business in general merchandise, till December, 1864, when they suspended, in consequence of the dis- tracted state of the country. The last firm to do business in general merchandise in Haynesville was composed of George W. Mitchell and Thomas Huffaker. They moved their stock to Holt, in Clay County, in the spring of 1879. The first mill established in Jackson Township was built in 1842, and operated b)- Joshua Walker. It was turned b\- horse power. In 226 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. 1850, Austin R. King and Russell McCrory put up in the town of Haynes- ville a grist mill, with one run of burrs. This also was a horse power institution, and turned out both flour and meal. King & McCrory oper- ated it about four years. In 185 1, William Douglas established a circular saw mill in the town. It was turned by horse power. In 1853, William Clapp started a similar mill. The next and last erected in the town- ship was a steam power mill, put up by Newton Denny, in 1854, about one-half mile southeast of Haynesville, on the Richmond and Plattsburg road, and operated by him or his renters till the fall of 1865, when it was sold to A. P. Cutler, who, after operating it three or four years, sold the mill to parties who moved it to Vibbard, in Ray County. In its palmy days, Haynesville included a population of nearly 800 souls, allowing a soul to each inhabitant, and had represented in its lim- its all the leading branches of ordinary commercial business, and these on no insignificant scale. Beside this, the manufacturing interests of the place were fully up to the demands of a large and daily advancing trib- utary country. Wagon makers, carriage makers, saddle and harness factories, agricultural implement makers, blacksmiths, tailors, tinsmiths, gunsmiths, silversmiths, cabinet makers and coopers, each and all did a lucrative and flourishing business. Charles Kelsey, the leading gunsmith of the place, was a manufac- turer of rifles, a business in which he achieved an extended reputation. Among the leading firms in this department of enterprise, were Williamson, Holt & Co., who carried on, till the breaking out of the civil war, an extensive carriage and buggy factor ; Cravens, Gant and others, manufactured extensively wagons, plows and other agricultural implements. Hubbard & McCrory started the first livery stable in the place. An important feature of the manufacturing industry of Hainesville was the wool carding factory, built in 1847, by Judge R. Coffman, Rus- sell McCrory and Joab Lamb. This was for a long time operated by William Nye, and afterwards by James Fitz Gerald, whose son. Dr. P'itz Gerald, is now (1881) a resident physician of the town of Lathrop, and President of the Kansas City District Medical Society. The factory was afterwards moved to Clay County. The first tannery in the township was operated by a man by the name of Wade, who established it in an early day. While other places of public entertainment had previously been conducted in the place, the first hotel proper, in Haynesville, was kept by Thomas Martin, a Missionary Baptist preacher, who also followed the tailoring business. He was generally called " Pap Martin," and had married a sister of Yelverton Green. Pap Martin often preached in N'ew Hope (brick) Church, in Clay Connty, two and one-half miles south of Haynesville. The regular minister of this church was Rev. Robert lllSTpKV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 22^ James, father of the notorious James boys. Mr. James was a graduate of Georgetown College, Kentucky. He was an exemplary christian, and highly respected in the community. He died, in 1849, while on his way to California. The town of Haynesville was for a long time incorporated, with a board of trustees, and, up to the period of the breaking out of the civil war was recognized, wherever known, as an intelligent, moral, and well conducted community, while the credit of its business men abroad was unexceptionable. A notable event in the history of this town, was the preaching in Oakland Church in 1852, of Alexander Campbell, the great apostle of its religion. In the days of its prosperity, schools, churches, temperance, and benevolent societies flourished with a success unex- celled in any locality of corresponding importance in the state. The first school in the town of Haynesville was taught by William Thomp- son in 1852, in a good frame house, which was afterwards burned down. While ministers of both the l^aptist and Methodist Churches from Clay, and perhaps, from other counties, occasionally preached within the limits of what is now Jackson Township, the first religious denomina- tion to organize into a church there were the Christians, on the occasion of Moses Lard's meeting in 1842, before referred to. Elders Payne and Warriner, of this church, had previously preached there. In 1850, the Christians erected in Haynesville a building for a place of worship. This was Oakland Church, the first church built within the limits of Jackson Township. It was a frame building sixt\' by forty-four feet, and was built by contributions of the members, chieflj- in material and labor. Its cost was between $800 and $1,000. The church prospered abund- antly, and at the close of Lard's first meeting was organized with sixty names. It soon had a membership of over four hundred. The original members, at the period of its organization, when it was st3'led Oakland Church, included, together with others, A. R. King, Jesse Brown, Joshua Walker and wife ; Williams, his son-in-law, and wife, five members of the Harrington family, and Washington Huffaker. The latter, with A. R. King, was appointed deacon. Austin R. King was clerk of the con- gregation for many years after. In 185 1, the first Sunday school in the township was organized in Oakland Church ; Major D. H. Lindsay was superintendent, Wash. Huffaker assistant superintendent, and George B. White secretary and librarian. The next denomination to build a church in Haynesville was the Methodist Episcopal, South. This was in 1853. The building was a neat frame structure, erected at a cost of about one thousand two hundred dollars. Henry Younger was the con- tractor. Among the original members at the organization of this church were George S. Huffaker and wife, Andrew Fuller and wife, Abraham Funkhouser and wife, John R. King and wife, John W. Gill and wife, and 228 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. Da\'id W. Reynolds and wife. The first sermon in this church was preached by the Rev. Philip E. Gill. The third denomination to build in the town, was the Missionary Baptist. Their church, a frame structure, was erected in 1857, at a cost of about $1,400. The originial members were A. D. Stone and wife, Reuben Searcy and wife, William P. Garrett and wife, L. B. Garrett and wife, \V. H. Smith and wife. Dr. James C. Bernard and wife. Miss Peggy Stone, Smith Allnut and wife, Mrs. Jane Gill, and Dr. J. C. Bernard and wife. Rev. Wm. C. Barrett was first minister. The Christian Union Church was organized in Haynesvillc in the summer of [870, with 125 members — Rev. J. V. B. Flack, minister. The church has prospered signally, and, notwithstanding the fact that many of the members have left to organize other congregations, in different localities, its present (1881) membership is 150. The church building, the best in the place, cost $2,700. Prior to 1848, Haynesville and Jackson Township were supplied with medical attendance by physicians resident in Clay County. In that year, Dr. J. C. Bernard, the present (1881) sole physician of Haynesville, settled in the place. SECRET AND BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES. As before remarked, charitable and benevolent institutions, as well as churches, were early fostered in Hainesville. In the fall of 1853, Hainesville Lodge, A. F. & A. M., was organized under dispensation, with the following officers : H. B. Hamilton, W. M.; George B. White, S. W.; D. W. Reynolds, J. W. May 25, 1854, the same was chartered, by the Grand Lodge of the state, as Haynesville Lodge No. 49, A. F. & A. M., with the following officers : Henry B. Hamilton, W. M.; John R. King, S. W.; D. W. Reynolds J. W. The other charter members were, Dr. Edward Martin, Samuel T. Brooken, John W. Collins, Simon G. Bigelow, John Bigelow and C. H. Kelsey. The first work in this lodge was the initiation of Alfred Davis and Jas. W. Evans, October 22, 1853, while under dispensation. In 1866, Eusebins Royal Arch Chapter was chartered in Haynesville, with P. Wilhoit as High Priest. It was moved one mile and a half to Holt, in Clay County, at the period of the removal of the Blue Lodge to that place, in 1879, and, shortly after, surrendered its charter. Haynesville Lodge, prior to its removal from the county, enjoyed a long season of uninterrupted prosperity. At one time, its membership was nearly two hundred. Out of it grew numerous similar organiza- tions, in Clay, Caldwell, and neighboring counties. Contemporary with the Masonic, was a lodge of Odd Fellows, who long held their sessions in the hall of the former, which occupied the HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. 229 second floor of Lewis Park's cabinet shop, in the phicc. The first Noble Grand of this orsjjanization was John R. Kini^, since tlead. He is referred to, by those who knew him in former days, as one of the largest liearted men who ever liveil in this or any other country. This lodge lias long since lost its existence. Temperance societies were popular in those days with a large class, and the commercial center of this section was not without her share of this active element of moral excellence. Time, the tomb-builder, however, has left his mark on Haynesville, and little now remains to speak of the prosperity of that period, when she had scarce a commercial rival in the county. Her palmiest days were the twelve or fifteen years immediately preceding the breaking out of the civil war. The ordeal through which she passed in those terrible days of wrath which succeeded, left, in common with others, their trace upon her front, but it was not until the scream of the iron horse began to awaken the echoes of those beautiful groves, amid which she stood embowered, that the death knell of her prosperity was sounded. On the building of the Cameron and Kansas City branch of the Hannibal & St. Joseph road, in 1867, the line of its track, passing down the valley, left Haynes- ville a mile to the eastward, just near enough to do a place of her size a vast amount of harm. Immediately the village of Holt, in Clay County, about one mile and a half southwest, was started on the railroad. This was was the signal for the abandonment of Haynesville, and most of its business was almost immediately moved to the new town. Soon the Masonic Lodge followed, and, afterward not a few private residences were moved away. Even brick buildings were taken down, and the material transported to aid in the building up of newer and more fortu- nate localities. In June, 1881, the finishing stroke was added in the removal of the post office to Holt. The drug store of Doctor J. C. Bernard, the pioneer physician of the place, still stands, and constitutes the last and only relic of the commercial importance of Haynesville, to-day extant, while the church buildings that once accommodated con- gregations, largely drawn from her populous midst, stand in comparative solitude, as so many monuments of a departed prosperity, to mark the mutability of all human affairs. There are in the township two other unimportant business points. These are Barnesville and Converse. l;.\RNF.SVILI.E, in the eastern part of Jackson Township, is situated in section i 1, near the eastern line of the same, in township 54, range 30, and about one mile west of the Ray County line. It is a small trading point, and was started in 1S57, when Solon Moore built a steam saw and grist mill on 230 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. the town site. This he operated two years, when he sold out to James Green and William Moberly, who, after running the mill one j-ear, made a change, Green selling his half to Samuel Hargrave. In the following 3'ear, Moberly sold his half to J. P. Martin. Hargrave & Martin, after operating the mill about six months, sold it to parties who immediately moved it away. The first merchants in the place were Wasson, Har- grave & Co., who sold goods there from the spring of i860 to 1862. They were succeeded in this business by Hargrave & Perkins, who con- tinued to sell till 1866. Hargrave & Crowley then composed the firm till 1868 or 1869. D. B. Palmer then sold goods about a year, at the end of which time his house was destro)-ed by fire. No business of any importance has since been conducted there. Barnesville, however, has a very neat frame church, the property of the Presbyterians. The congre- gation was organized June 14, 1847, with the following members : George Denny and wife, Benjamin McLean and wife, M. Riley, John Crosset, James Riley and wife, David Cooper and wife, Kizza McNealy, J. B. Green, and Newton Denny. It was designated by the name and style of Crooked River Presbyterian Church. Its first pastor was the Rev. R. Scott. He was succeeded bj- Rev. I. N. Canfield, after whom Rev. G. C. Crow filled the pulpit. The other ministers in succession were : Rev. Dr. J. C. Barnes, Rev. J. P. Fox, Rev. W. Dixon, Rev. Charles Price, Rev. J. P. Foreman, Rev. Edward Yantis, and Rev. J. P. Foreman, the present (188 1) incumbent. The cnurch has a present membership of eighty. The elders are P. Clark, T. D. Paisley, G. O. Barnes, E. Estill and E. C. Green. CONVERSE, a railroad station on the Wabash Railway, is located near the center of Jackson Township, in the southwest corner of section 9, township 54, range 30. R. S. Brazelton, the station agent, merchant and postmaster of the place, built, in 1872, the first, and only store now occupied in the place. John Henderson and his son. Mart, were the first to settle on the present town site. This was long before the railroad was built and the town located. The population of Converse includes two or three families. CHAPTER XII. SETTLKMENT UI" LATHROP TOWNSHIP. Lathrop Township is in the eastern part of Clinton County, and is bounded on the north by Shoal Township and one mile of Platte, on the east by Caldwell County, on the south by Jackson Township, and on the west by Concord. It includes the entire territory embraced within the limits of township 55, range 30, besides twenty-six sections on the north and west sides of the latter, aggregating an area of sixty-two sections of magnificent agricultural country. Generally a prairie surface, it is not without its ample share of the timber peculiar to this section of the northwest. Its generally uniform plain is veined with numerous streams, many of which afford unfailing supplies of stock water, and with their sinuous banks fringed with grateful shade of no insignificant growth, serve to vary the general monotony of the prairie scenery. Principal among these streams are Shoal and Deer Creeks, with their numerous tributaries flowing generally in a northerly direction. The present township of Lathrop was originally included in the limits of Jackson Township at a period when the latter embraced one-half the area of the county. It was erected into its present proportions out of territory included in the southern part of Shoal, a portion of the original eastern division of the county, and the northern part of the reduced township of Jackson. The western part of Lathrop Township is tra- versed from north to south by the line of the Kansas City branch of the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad, a distance of over eight miles, including sinuosities of the track. The St. Joseph division of the Wabash, St. Louis and Pacific Railway cuts the southwest corner of the township in a bend a mile and a half east and west, going through the southwest corner of the townsite of Lathrop, and one mile in a south- erly by easterly course into Jackson Township. The early settlers of the eastern and southern sections of the county being drawn, to a considerable extent, from among the dwellers of Clay County, that portion of Clinton bordering on the latter was, of course, first settled, and Jackson was- a comparatively populous district before the territory afterwards included in the limits of Lathrop Township had a settler. Among the first jjioneers to make their homes in the latter were I. N. Rogers, from Tennessee, who arrived in 1840. Samuel T. Brooking, 232 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. who came from Woodford County, Kentucky, in 1845. Lewis Rogers, of North Carolina, who settled in 1848. Daniel Allnut, in 1854. Edward Brooking, in 1856. Among others were John Tillery, Abner Webber, John B_edford, Spencer Tuggle, Smith Pope; James Cheek, William Hobbs, John Combs, John Saint John, Samuel Tipton, Edward Parks, Ensley Cooper, of North Carolina, and Samuel Seaton. The first farm in the immediate neighborhood of what is now Lathrop city, was settled in 1857, by James Leake, its present (1881) owner and occupant. In the following year his brother Edward settled the adjacent quarter. The first school in Lathrop Township was taught by Charles Ingles at the Brooking school house, five miles east of Lathrop city. This was in the fall and winter of 1856. At the time of the building of the Cameron and Kansas City Branch of the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad, the present site of the TOWN OF I..\THROP was designated as a station on the same, and the place laid out by J. S. Harris, land commissioner of the road. This was in the fall of 1867. It is at the junction of the Hannibal and St. Joseph with the Wabash, St. Louis and Pacific Railroad, thirty-nine miles from Kansas City and thirty miles from St. Joseph. At that period, prairie grass of unusual luxuriance waved its tall and dense masses over the spot that was destined at no remote day, to afford homes and habitations to a popula- tion of largely over one thousand in an active and prosperous business center. Then the only sign of human occupancy in that wide expanse of waiving verdure was the smoke that arose from a primitive farm house, about a mile to the southeastward of the prospective depot. This was the habitation of James Leake, to the northern limits of whose farm the southern boundary ot the subsequent town of Lathrop after- wards extended. Deer abounded in the neighborhood, and frequently appeared in the tall grass that then grew on the town site. The first building erected in the immediate neighborhood, in consequence of the construction of the road, was a section house near the southern limits of the town site. The first actual settler in what is now the town of Lathrop was J. O. Daniels, present (1881) proprietor of the Lathrop House, the leading hotel of the place. About the ist of November, 1867, he arrived, with James Murdock, who afterwards erected a frame building for a store house, and each purchased a lot. They came from Utica, Livingston County, Missouri, a small town on the main line of the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad. Returning home on the 22d of the same month, Mr. Daniels again arrived on the train, bringing a carload or two of pine lumber. He was accompanied by P. H. Brace, his clerk, afterwards the HISTORY OK CLINTON COUNTY. 233 first post master and express agent of Lathrop, opening thejr offices in the lumber office of J. O. Daniels, which also was used as a railroad depot before the company built one. Scarcely a visible stake in the rank prairie grass marked the location of the town when this lumber was unshipped. Before evening, however, a pedestrian, wading through the over-topping verdure, made his appearance at the new lumber yard. This was D. E. Main, a farmer of the neighborhood, and afterwards a merchant in the town, and to him the pioneer dealer made the first sale of merchandise ever effected within the limits of Lathrop. This con- sisted of four pine boads, price 84 cents. The news of the arrival soon spread, and customers flocked in. For the period of sixty days J. O. D. continued to sell lumber without any office and with scarcely a temporary shelter. In the meantime, James Murdock had returned, and in January, 1868, erected for a grocery store the first building ever put up in Lathrop. This was kept by Henry Murdock, his brother. It was on lot 12, in block 25, on the northwest corner of Oak and East Streets. The build- ing has since been enlarged, and is now (1881) occupied by L. V. Smith as a grocery and queensware house. Mr. Murdock had been engaged in the grocery business in Utica, where also Mr. Daniels was at that time operating a saw mill and lumber yard. Together they had explored the entire length of the Kansas City branch of the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad, on the completion of the same, and finally selected as the probable future town the site of Lathrop, as above stated. The first train of cars that ran through the town of Lathrop was conducted by Daniel L. Patch, a native of \'ermont. He afterwards continued for sev- eral successive years to run a passenger train on the same line. He was a man si.x feet and a half high, of muscular build, and weighed 195 pounds. He is. said to have been one of the best known and most pop- ular conductors ever connected with the road. He is now a resident of Galesburg, Illinois. The first railroad station agent at Lathrop was George A. Patch, a relative of the above. He was for many years a railroad engineer, and has kept the coal yard at Lathrop since 1870. He was appointed station agent in January, 1868, and held the position till 1880, when he was suc- ceeded by J. Delaplane. Shortly after the erection of Murdock's grocery house, Daniels put up his lumber office and residence, and others speedily followed. January r, 1868, the first lots were sold by D. E. Main, agent for the Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad Company. These were to J. O. Daniels, lot 14 in block 32, consideration $200; to James Murdock, lot 12 in block 25, $100; to Lamar Lee, lot 13 in block 25, consideration $125. Lots were also sold, on that day, to Nathan Lee and to C. J. Stevens. Feb. 6, 1868, was sold to J. F. and J. M. Young, lot 10 in block 25, on 234 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. which the former immediately built the Lathrop House. It was the first hotel building erected in the place. Its first landlord was William Middaugh. This is the building, subsequently enlarged by the present (1881) proprietor, J. O.Daniels, who took charge of it, April 1873, and has since continued to keep it as the leading hotel of the place, with the exception of an interval of one year from September, 1875. The first physician to locate in Lathrop was J. O. K. Gant, who settled there in February, 1868. Notwithstanding the "distressingly healthful" character of the place, a second physician. Dr. B. J. Burk, was induced to settle there in the following August. In March, 1868, John T. Beard opened, on E Street, the first tin shop and hardware store in the place. The first man to sell agricultural implements in Lathrop was George Patch, the first appointed railroad station agent in the place. S. B. Miller, about the same period, opened the first drug store there. His place of business was in block 25, on Oak Street, where he remained five or six years. May 21, 1 868, H. M. Freeman, of New York, purchased lot eleven, in block twenty-four, on the same street, where he built and opened the first blacksmith shop in Lathrop. He also carried on a wagon and car- riage factory, now (1881) operated by Logan & Wright. The site of this, his original shop, is now occupied by a more pretentious building, though he still continues to pursue his avocation in another quarter of the town. In the same year, John R. Kirbj", of St. Joseph, started a harness shop, in which he worked three years. The present leading business in that line is conducted on Oak Street, by O. B. Sweat, a former employe of the pioneer harness maker. Aaron Charles was the first carpenter to settle in Lathrop. August 3, 1868, P. H. Brace, above referred to as the first post master in the town, purchased a lot and com- menced building. B. W. Skinner, formerly of Wisconsin, started the first cabinet shop opened in the town. This was one of the earliest manufacturing enterprises established in the place. This shop, which was originally built for a residence, was on lot three, in block twenty- five. J. O. Daniels had previously sold imported furniture, but B. W. Skinner was the first to manufacture. The first sermon preached in Lathrop was delivered in this house in 1868, by Rev. W. W. Roberts, a Methodist minister from Illinois. The first shoemaker to settle in the town was George Reiffert, who located on lot nine, in block thirty-three, on E Street, south of Oak. C. M. Smith, a native of Indiana, and, for many years a resident of Clinton County, now (1881) working at his trade in Lathrop, was the first who ever w^orked at the business in Kan- sas City. His shop there was on the Missouri River landing in 1849. The first tailor who worked at his trade in Lathrop was John Farnam. He only remained two years. The calling, either as a fine art or a HISTORY OK CI.INTON COUNTY. 235 iioccssitY. has never been encouraged in the town, and uis to the present writing, the place continues tailorless. The first Lawyer to shed the light of his countenance on Lathrop, with a view to permanent residence in the place, was D. B. Keeler. He onl\- remained a few months, when he returned to the east, and took up his residence in Syracuse, New York. Jackson & Stevens, in the spring of 1869, opened on lot three, of block thirty-three, the first livery stable in the place. The first negro to effect a permanent settlement in the town was Henry Black. He was among the early settlers, locating on lot one, in block four, where he built the house in which he was living in 1S81. The first banking house in the town was the private organization of L. L. Stearns and Frederick Edwards, established in a building on the corner of Oak and Centre Streets, March 23, 1869. In 1871. Stearns •died, and the business of the bank continued to be conducted by his partner up to the period of his death, which occurred in 1879, when the bank closed. The Lathrop Bank, the second established in the town, commenced business September 22, 1879, James M. and W. H. Bohart, both natives of Buchanan County, Missouri, proprietors. These gentle- men also operate the Caldwell County Bank, in Kingston, Missouri. Their New York correspondents are Donnell, Lawson & Simpson and the Bank of North America. Their character as business men is unex- ceptionable. In August, 1879, E. Dudley erected in the town, at a cost of $7,000, the first elevator in the place. Its capacity is over twenty thousand bushels. The first grist mill in Lathrop Township was built in the town of Lathrop, by McCumber, Goodman & Co., in 187 1. It was turned by steam power, and operated three run of burrs. This was one of the best appointed mills of its size in the country, and was completed at a cost of $16,000. It was destroyed by fire in 1878. The first marriage in the town of Lathrop occurred in 1869. The parties were James Justice and Miss Margaret Keller. The first birth in the town occurred in 1868. The child was a son of John Hall, and only survived a few months. Benjamin J. Logan first settled in Lathrop in August, 1868. He was a plasterer by trade, and a respectable citizen. He was the first resident of the town, who had the misfortune to lose his mind. He died in the State Lunatic Asylum in 1875. Mr. L. was the father of twenty-one children. He moved to Clinton County from Illinois, where his wife, Mrs. Delia J. Logan, had twice given birth to twins and once to triplets. 236 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. MUNICIPAL ORGANIZATION. Lathrop was first organized February 2, 1869, under the village act, with James M. Young. John O. Daniels, George A. Patch, David E. Main, and Lamar W. Lee as a board of trustees. The first officers of the board chosen were David E. Main, president ; Lamar W. Lee, clerk; and H. C. Murdock, treasurer. This governinent continued till April, 1 88 1, when the town was chartered as a city of the fourth class, with A. J Orem, Mayor. James M. Bohart, D. H. Maret, A. H. Logan and Dennis Whitford were nominated trustees. J. M. Bohart was appointed treasurer, Robert Chonstant was first appointed secretary. He was shortly after succeeded by J. R. Pope. J. A. Boring was appointed marshal. Though generally consisting of frame buildings, Lathrop is a well built town. It was not until the summer of 1871, that the first brick building was erected in the place. This was the structure of the public school. The first brick business block was put up in the summer of 1880 by Bohart & Fitzgerald, on the north side of Oak Street, between East and Centre Streets. This block is forty-five feet front by seventy feet deep, and is two stories high. In the following year, a building of uniform appearance, twenty-three and a half by seventy feet was erected by the Lathrop Bank. This adjoins the original block on the east side, and is rented to Hockaday & Son, hardware dealers. In the same year James M. and W. H. Bohart, with D. S. Brillhart, erected on the opposite side of the same street, a substantial two-story brick block similar in appearance to the above described. This build- ing is seventy feet front by seventy feet deep, and includes three busi- ness houses. EDUCATIONAL. Some time elapsed between the founding of the town of Lathrop and the period of the establishment of a public school in her midst. In the mean time, the first to open a private school in the place was Miss Thalia Smith. Professor Van Natta, assisted by Miss Louisa Peck and Miss Eva Styles, afterwards taught a private school in the town. They were succeeded by Professor Hill, assisted by his daughter. Miss Eleanor, Professors Hammond and Samuel Bay, and Mrs Kinney. A public school was afterwards instituted, but the same had no fixed location till the erection of the elegant structure of a graded school completed in the summer of 1871. This, the" first brick building put up in the town, was begun and completed by Daniels & Stearns, at a cost to the district, including the cost of lots, fences, etc., of $15,000. This sum was raised by issuing bonds, bearing ten per cent, interest, made payable at the Bank of North America, New York City, and after- wards purchased by V. Winters & Son, Dayton, Ohio. HISTORY OK CLINTON COUNTY. 237 For the payment of these bonds as the)- should mature, together with the accruing interest, the directors were legally restrained from levying a yearly tax on the property of the district of more than one per cent. This brought in a revenue of less than $1,500; consequently, the debt rapidly increased in amount, reaching, in the spring of 1879, the sum of $20,500. At this time, the debt was reduced by mutual consent, and refunded at $15,000, the new bonds bearing five per cent interest. The interest has been promptly paid, and by the summer of 1881, the principal was reduced to $14,500. At that time the building underwent complete repair, at an expense of $150. The first school was opened in the same Januarj- 8, 1872, D. S. Brillhart, principal, Mrs. Thomas Bates and John Burk, assistants. Mr. Brillhart continued in charge of the school till the close of the spring term, June, 1876, and again from Jan- uary to June, 1878. During the period of the school year, 1876 to 1877, John T. Buchanan was principal, and was succeeded during the fall of 1877, by William McCarrolI. W. E. Tipton had charge of the school from September, 1878, to June, 1879, when he was succeeded by A. B. Warner, who held the principalship during the two following years. Till September, 1880, but two assistant teachers had been employed. Subsequently the services of a third were secured. Besides the assist- ants already mentioned, Miss Jennie Murdock, Miss Luella Batchelder, Miss Mollie Carey, Miss Julia B. Gray, Miss Mollie F. Kelsay, J. R. Pope, Miss I. M. Beall, Mrs. Griffin, Miss Addie Lee, Miss Shoot, Miss Schrock and John L. Clipper were numbered among the subordinate teachers. The school was open from the first to the patronage of those living beyond the borders of the district, and this patronage has proved an important source of income, as well as the means of effecting a bond of union between the citizens of Lathrop and the neighboring population. Diplomas are awarded those who complete the course of instruction embracing English literature, the Latin language, mathematics and other sciences. It was long a subject of complaint that teachers were inade- quately compensated in this institution, an unavoidable evil which neces- sitated the frequent change of instructors. Prof A. B. Carroll, assisted by Miss Shoot, Miss Schrock and Mrs. I. M. (Beallj Stoufer has present (1881) charge of the school. The Lathrop Monitor, referring to this school, says : " This institution is only the work of a praiseworthy public senti- ment, without which very litHe work could have been accomplished. We ha\e been tempted to specify some of the leaders of this movement, but this might do undesigned injustice to others. Everyone, however, will accord to Fred. Edwards, now deceased, a prominent place among the best friends of the enterprise ; and of the absent living, Thatcher B. Dunn may be named as one of those who were, especiallj-, influential in giving tone and shape to the movement. Of the present officers, D. S. Brill- HISTORY OK CLINTON COUNTY. 239 liart is distinguished as the efficient principal of the institution during- the several years of its especially formative state. He will, doubtless, be honored among his great grandchildren as the ' F"ather of the Lathrop Schools.' " The first educational lecture before a teachers' institute in Clinton County, was delivered in April, 1870, in the Methodist Episcopal Church, of Lathrop, by the Rev. Rufus Patch, the scholarly editor of the Monitor. The colored public school, of Lathrop, was organized in 1878. It has an average attendance of twenty-five pupils, and is (1881) taught by Mrs. Scott, in a frame building. The first church established in Lathrop was the Methodist Episcopal. It was organized in 1868, with eight members : A. \V. Willard and wife, Ur. B. J. Burk and wife, James Stiles and wife, and B. J. Logan and wife. The first pastor was the Rev. W. W. Roberts, who preached his first ser- mon as above stated, in Skinner's cabinet shop, in 1868. The building, a neat frame structure with a modest steeple, was commenced in Decem- ber, 1868, during the pastorate of Rev. B. L. Beardsly. The first services were held in it, January 23, 1869. Its cost was $1,500. It was first located on Centre Street, whence it was afterward moved three blocks south to the opposite side of the same street, between Oak and Plattsburg Streets. The second pastor of the church was the Rev. B. L. Beardsly. He was succeeded by Rev. B. H. Powell. Then followed, in succession. Rev's William H. Turner, William Hanley, Cox, Turner, T. J. Ferril, C. S. Cooper, and, in 1881, Rev. W. F". Cayton. The Sunday School of this church was first organized in 1869. The First Presbyterian Church, of Lathrop, was organized by Rev. E. Sherwood, of Saint Joseph, April, 1868, with sixteen members: A. Monroe and wife, L. 'VV. Lee, James Templeton and wife, Stewart Gil- christ and wife. Barber and wife, Mrs. Sarah Byers, T. H. McKee, Mrs. Jenny James, Mrs. Welch, Ale.xander Service and wife. The first min- ister of the congregation was Rev. J. E. Fisher, by whom the church was dedicated. At the end of six months he was succeeded by Rev. J. W. Allen, who at the end of six months, was succeed by Rev. Joseph France, the first regularly installed minister of the congregation. He served four and a half years, to 1876, when he was succeeded, after a vacancy in the pulpit of nine months, b>' Rev. John C. Gourley, who, in turn, was succeeded by the present (1881) pastor. Rev. L. W. Lawrence. Membership of the church, forty. December 7, 1869, the first steps towards the organization of the Plymouth Congregational Church, at Lathrop, were taken, the following persons meeting at the residence of H. C. Paige: Thatcher B. Dunn, 240 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. Harlow M. Freeman and wife, Mrs. S. H. Macomber, Mr.s. H. A. Jackson, Mrs. H. C. Paige, Mrs. Louisa Fish, Miss Dora Baker, W. VV. Middaugh and wife, Charles C. Gustin. Rev. E. B. Turner, Superintendent of the A. H. and M. Society for the State of Missouri, being present, was chosen temporary chairman, and Thatcher B. Dunn, clerk. The meet- ing then proceeded to th6 organization of a church, adopting the "Manual of the Principles, Doctrines and Usages of the Congregational Church in Missouri." At a meeting held at the school house, the gift from the land com- missioners of the Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad of a lot upon which to erect a church edifice, was announced. Messrs. Macomber, Middaugh and Gustin were chosen trustees, and H. M. Freeman was elected dea- con. April 23, 1870, Rev. F. W. Adams began his labors as pastor of the church ; May 21, 1871, he was formally installed as such by council. He offered his resignation October 27, 1872, and was dismissed by council, November 8, 1872. Rev's Waterman, Huson, and others, were in the service of the church, portions of the time, between January i, 1873, and January i, 1876. During the period from January i, 1876, to July i, 1878, Rev. S. D. Cochran, D. D., president of Thayer College, Kidder, Missouri, preached for the church one Sabbath in each month, nearly. Rev. Rufus Patch held services every Sunday, from February 5, 1880, to February 8, 1881. Between July i, 1878, and Februarj-, 1880, and since- February 8, to the present (September, 1881), no regular service have been held. The church edifice, a neat, gothic, frame structure, was erected during the summer of 1870. It has a fine audience room with a seating capacity of about 400. As the Congregational Church is but little known in this section of the state, we offer our readers the follow- ing brief sketch of the structure of its belief: The church claims to be formed after the new testament model, the equalit}- of the membership being a fundamental principle. The local church is a christian democ- racy. The fellowship of the church is maintained b)- united action through associations and councils. Moderate Calvinism characterizes their theology. In fulfilling the command, "Go ye into all the world and preach the gospel to every creature," and in founding institutions o' christian learning, they hold a conspicuous position. In faith and polity they represent the Pilgrim Fathers. The Christian Church of Lathrop was organized on the second Sun- da)- in June, 1870, by Elder Joseph Waller, with the following members : James T. Gordon, Miss Mittie Gordon, Miss Anna Winn, Miss Jennie Winn, A. W. Harsel, Elizabath Harsel, Phebe Porter, H. H. Williamson, James P. Brock, J. P. Norris, William A. Miller, Evaline Miller, Lucy Williamson, Maggie Blankenship, Royana Smith, Thalia Smith, J. W. Tapp, H. P. Tapp, Taylor Hulm, James A. Chennoweth and Miss A. C. Chennoweth. H. H Williamson and A. Harsel were selected as tem- HISTOKV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 24I porary deacons, and J. H. Chennowcth, clerk. The permanent organiza- tion was effected in the spring of 1S74, with Alexander Newby, William ■Miller and J. H. Chennoweth. elders. W. P. Brown, A. G. Rogers and D, \V. Osborn were appointed deacons. The church edifice, a plain but neat and spacious frame structure, was built in 1873 and '74. ^^ -ond the city limits. OFI-TCIAL DIRECTORY. The town board in 1S69, included H. S. Beer)-, president ; Crocker, Shaw, Smithers, and Milt HeKvig. The board elected in April, 1S70, included B. C. Stokes, chairman ; T. Crocker, Abraham Auter, Richard Riggs, and John H. Shirts. J. E. Goldsworthy was town attorney. The election of April, 1871, resulted as follows : B. C. Stokes, chairman or mayor ; C. D. Combs, Z. Provolt, John H. Shirts, and J. J. Tipton. J. L. Harwood was elected town attorney. April 1S72: B. C. Stokes was again chosen chairman ol the board, of whom the other members were : Z. Provolt, John H. Shirts, J. J. Tip- ton, and C. D. Combs. N. Chalker became town attorney, and on his resignation before the expiration of his term of office, was succeeded by Colonel F. M. Tiernan. The record of 1873 is lost. April, 1874: The town board elected were H. C. Culver, chairman ; J. J. Osborn, J. N. Strotz, T. Crocker, and A. A. Goff. E. J. Smith was chosen town attorney. April, 1875 : J. J. Tipton became chairman of the board, with E. T. Walker, A. A. Goff, J. Shirts, and J. N. Strot/.. Hiram Smith, Jr., became town attorney. April, 1876: The board elected was composed of J. J. Tipton, re-elected chairman ; A. A. Goff, J. N. Strotz, J. H. Shirts, and E. T. Walker. Zachary Provolt, town attorney. April, 1877: A. A. Goff became chairman, John X. Strotz, J. II. Shirts, E. T. Walker, and John McGregor composed the other members. Z. Provolt was re-elected town attorney. April, 1878, the board elected were J. J. Tipton, chairman ; E. T. Walker, H. A. Finley, G. C. Howenstein, and Samuel Matthis. Zachary Provolt, town attorney. 262 HISTOKV OF CLINTON COUNTY. April, 1879: G. C. Howenstein was elected chairman, with N. S. Goodrich, E. T. Walker, George A. Willis, and L. E. Burr. Zachary Provolt again town attorney. April, 1880 : G. C. Howenstein was re-elected chairman, E. T. Walker, J. H. Frame, J. H. Kitteridge, and George A. Willis composed the rest of the board. E. J. Smith was chosen town attorney. The board elected in April, 1881, were Sol. Musser, chairman ; A. Harriman, Solon Hyde, J. H. Heyser, and J. J. Tipton. A. J. Althouse was chosen town attorney, and Dr. J. H. Snyder town physician. At the period of the building of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad through Cameron, the town took stock in the same to the amount of fifty thousand dollars. This debt the town afterwards repu- diated, in view of the fact that the same had been carried by illegal votes. The matter remained long in dispute. Finally, in the fall of 1 88 1 a compromise was effected by which the town paid thirty per cent of the entire debt which then amounted, with accrued interest, to one hundred thousand dollars. The amount thus paid was about thirty thousand dollars. musskr's iu,ock. In 1875, Musser's Block, which extends from Chestnut westward on Third Street a distance of over ninety feet, was completed. This is the most spacious, as well as one of the most elegant and substantial, brick structures in the city. Stigers & Boettner, of St. Joseph, were the architects. The original block fronted, upwards of ninety feet, on Third Street, extending back the same distance on Chestnut, and includes be'owfour large store rooms of nearly equal dimensions. The structure is two stories, with a basement nine feet high. The ceilings of the upper floors are sixteen feet in the clear. This includes, with other rooms, a public hall 62x5 i feet in extent, exclusive of the stage, etc. Two spacious stair cases afford access to the upper halls from Third Street. This was the original building completed by Musser and Provolt, in 1875, at a cost of twenty-five thousand dollars. A subsequent addition was made to this building, ninety feet deep, e.xtending fifty feet on the west and fronting Third Street. This affords two more large store rooms, with an additional stair case from Third Street, leading up to the new Masonic Hall, described in report of that order. SCHOOLS. Cameron, in common with her sister towns, early manifested an interest in the cause of education. The first school building erected in the town was a small one-storj- frame structure, built by private sub- scription, in 185L This stood on Third Street, near the corner of Pine, HISTORV OK CLINTON COLNT\ . 263 not far from the present site of the Presbyterian Church, and here was taught the first public school of Cameron. The first teacher of the same was Thomas Harris, and the first session of the public school opened in the fall of 1859. Previous to this, however, Mrs. Dundan had taught a private school, the first in the town. She continued to teach several years, in a frame building on the northwest corner of the present public park. The above mentioned constituted the only public school buildin<+ ot Cameron, till the erection of the present stately structure, which rears its imposing front on the north side of the public park, and towers majestically above the surrounding houses. The building contains eight large rooms. It is arranged with all the appliances of modern conven- ience, and is built in the most solid, substantial and elegant style. The mansard roof is of slate, and is highly ornamental in design. A lofty Norman tower, of faultless proportions, rises above the principal or south entrance, constituting not only a striking feature of the city, but a landmark on the surrounding prairie in a distance of many miles. Other public schools were, at different times, maintained in buildings and rooms temporarily rented for their accommodation. The directors, at the period of the organization of the first public school in Cameron, were William G. McDaniel and Miles C. Bragg, both since dead, and a third, whose name is not recalled. The records of that day are in a very imperfect condition, and afford but a meagre history of the schools. An entry, however, under date of April 9, 1870, declares the election as trustees of school district No. 2, embracing the town of Cameron, of Samuel Matthis, Doctor P. C. Kishbaugh and A. T. Baubie. The present public school of Cameron was organized under the village act, December 4,1871, with a board of trustees, of whom ex-Gov- ernor George Smith was president, Judge Thomas E. Turney was treas- urer and Dr. A. O. Risley secretary. The other directors were L. E. Burr, \V. \V. Perrine and Richard Riggs. W. Angelo Powell, of St. Joseph, was the architect, who supplied the plans and specifications for the building. The contract was let to A. F. Ely, of Gallatin, Missouri, for $22,500. The estimates, however, fell ruinously short of the cost, and a further expenditure of $12,000 was, of necessity, made to meet the deficit. The lot on which the building was erected was purchased for $3,000. This lot fronts 200 feet on Fourth Street, opposite the park, and extends back the depth of the block to p-ifth Street, where it presents a boundary of three hundred feet. On each corner of the Fourth Street boundary of this enclosure is a residence lot fifty feet front by one hundred and fifty feet deep, thus reducing the frontage of the, at best, contracted campus to two hundred feet. The building was com- pleted early in the summer of 1873, and in September, of the same year, was opened with a full corps of teachers. These included the Rev. Carter Page, A. M., a minister of the Protestant PLpiscopal Church, Prin- 264 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. cipal, and Corydon F. Craig, Assistant Principal. The others were Mrs. Siler, Miss M. E. Bullock, Miss Inez Ward, Miss Lillie Page, Miss Roland and Prof. O. F. Alien. Miss Roland resigned in December, and was suc- ceeded by Mrs. Allen. Over 300 pupils were enrolled during the term of the first session of this school. The second principal was Prof. Cory- don F. Craig. He was succeeded by Prof Chadyeane. His successor, the'present (1881) principal, has filled the position several years. The present board of directors, organized April 8, 188 1, are Judge E. T. Walker. Dr. T. E. Potter, E. S. Goodrich, Solon Hyde, A. A. Goff and Dr. T. K. Smith. At this meeting Dr. T. K. Smith was elected presi- dent, Solon Hyde secretary and Judge E. T. Walker treasurer. The teachers are Prof. Brutus Riggs, a graduate of Missouri State University, Principal, Mrs. Miriam McKercher, Mrs. Brutus Riggs, Mrs. Birdie Blatchley, Miss Myrtle Hare, Miss Annie M. Kendig, Miss E. G. Rogers and Miss Lydia A. Irvin. The number of pupils enrolled in this school in October, 1881, was 485, of both sexes. A colored public school was established in Cameron in a compara- tively early day, but in July, 1871, it was discontinued in consequence of there not being pupils sufficient to justify its maintenance. The present (1881) colored school is taught by Professor William Sheldon, a colored man. This school occupies a good frame building. In March, 1869, a private school was opened in Cameron by Mrs. Tiernan, widow of Colonel F. M. Tiernan, one of the founders of the town of Cameron. This school has proved an unqualified success, and now includes sixty pupils of both se.xes, as many as the building can conveniently accommodate. Mrs. Tiernan was for years a popular teacher in St. Joseph, Missouri, where she was known as Miss Sarah Bell. She was then and there regarded as one of the most accomplished and successful teachers in the city, a reputation which she has not failed to sustain in her present field of labor.. I'he Cit\- of Cameron is well provided with churches, which, like everything else, have their histories. The first sermon preached in Cameron was in 1857, by the Rev. W. C. Barrett, a minister of the Bap- tist Church. He preached at Keiffer's dwelling. It is probable, how- ever, that Bishop Hogan, of St. Joseph, had, prior to this, preached at the section house to the railroad hands. For several years previous to the erection of a church building in Cameron, different religious denom- inations held services in the town, at times in the old school house, and, at others, in the railroad depot. Up to May, 1865, however, there had been but one resident minister in Cameron. He was a Baptist, by the name of Arterburn. He preached at stated intervals, laboring as a HISTORY 0|- CLINTON COUNTY. 265 section hand on the rnilroatl to prox'idc the means of support for his family. In May, 1865, Rev. Marvin Leffintjwell, a Congregational minister, came to Cameron, under commission from the American Home Mission- ary Society, the organ of the Congregational Church, institued for the purpose of establishing the same in destitute regions. At that time, the old school house was so nearly destroyed as to afford poor shelter, and services were held in the passenger room of the old depot, at the foot of Walnut Street. The only church which had an organization in the place was the Methodist Episcopal, and the Baptists were the only other which held religious services. There were, however, not only in the village, but in surrounding country, a number of religiouly disposed persons of different denominations without any organization. These Mr. Leffingwell conceived the idea of persuading to unite in a union organization. He was so far successful as to induce several families to accept his suggestion, and, by a vote taken August 18, 1865, the name "Union Congregationalist Church of Cameron, was adopted. The fol- lowing named persons associated themselves in the organization : Mr. and Mrs. W. W. Howard, Charles E. Packard, Mrs. Nancy Shirts, Mr. and Mrs. Leffingwell, Miss Helena Leffingwell, Miss Sarah J. Saddler, Mr. and Mrs. C. S. Saddler, Mr. and Mrs. Nathan Evans, Mrs. Jane Hockenberry and Mrs. Mahala Kester. The several denominations represented in this organization were : Congregationalist 2, Presby- terians I, Methodists 3, Campbellite Christians, 8. September 5, 1876, occurred the death of Rev. Mr. Leffingwell. From this period till July 18, 1867, the church was without a pastor, and no regular services were held. Rev. W. A. Waterman then filled the pulpit till November 27, 1875, when he preached his farewell sermon, in which he reviewed the history of the organization. Through the efforts of the pastor and mem- bers, with the liberal aid of outsiders, the means for building a church edifice were raised in the fall of 1867, and, by the 25th of December following, the yet unfinished building was so far completed as to permit the holding, within its walls, of a church festival, the first ever held in the town of Cameron. The February following the building was com- pleted. The minister who succeeded Mr. Waterman was Rev. R. R. Davis. After him came Rev. M. Smith, who in turn was succeeded by the present (i88ij minister. Rev. 1. T. Hull. In 1881, e.xpenditures, in the way of improving the church edifice, were made, involving an expense of $830, rendering it one of the best appearing stuctures in the town. The Methodist Episcopal Church was organized in Cameron in 1865. The original members were Isaac Kirkpatrick and wife, D. B. Adams, M. D. and wife, Hugh Torbft and wife, W. D. Corn, Esq. and wife, S. S. Hare and wife, and Rev. M. T. Klepper. M. 1). and wife. The first min- 266 IlISTOkV OK CLINTON COUNTY. ister was Rev. B. C. Allen; the other.s in succession were Re\crends T. B. Bratton, George Stocking, James Parker, O. Williams, Robert Devlin, Isaac Hill, T. P. Hales, John H. Cox and W. H. Welton, the present (1881) pastor.. In 1872, the present (1881) brick building on the corner of P'ourth and Cherry Streets, opposite the northwest corner of the park, was erected at a cost of about five thousand dollars. On the third Sun- day of September, 1877, the building was dedicated by Right Reverend Bishop Andrews. The present (1881) membership is about one hundred and thirty. The Sunday School, which is in a prosperous condition, has a membership of about three hundred. A neat residence for a parsonage is being completed. The First Baptist Church of Cameron was organized August 1866, b}' Samuel Matthis. Of the original seven members who constituted this church, but two now (1881) survive. These are the venerable Samuel Matthis and his wife. The books of the church were destroyed in the fire of 187 1, and the names of the other early members were thus lust. At the period of the organization of this church, they held services in the dilapidated school house above referred to, and which, during the war had been used as a shelter by cattle. The building was repaired by this and other denominations, who from time to time, used it as a place of worship. The present structure of the Baptist Church, a frame build- ing which stands on Fourth Street, in the eastern part of the town, was built in the year 1868, at a cost of about three thousand dollars, and was shared jointly by the Presbyterians and Baptists. Two or three years after this, the Baptists purchased the interest of the Presbyterians, and have since held entire ownership of the building. It was not till the fourth Sunday in February, 1879, that this church was dedicated by Dr. Pope Yeaman, of St. Louis. The ministers who have served this church from its organization to the present time are the Reverends Joseph Yates, James E. Hughes, Robert Livingston, T. M. S. Kenny, Lycurgus Kirtley, H. C. Yates, J. W. Luke, J. H. Garnett and R. H. Jones, the present (1881) minister. The present membership is one hundred and twenty. Mr. Samuel Matthis has been the main support of this church. He at one time advanced one thousand dollars to aid in building the edifice, and has besides, from time to time, contributed munificently towards its maintenance. The Christian Church was one of those incorporated in the original Union Church organized in 1865. Its separate and distinct organiza- tion was effected in 1867 with fifteen members, and J. G. Encell as pas- tor. These original members were Caleb Schreve and wife, W. Shutt, C. Saddler and wife, C. E. Packard, Mrs. Corbin, Joseph Kester, Miss Maggie Pepper, James W. Hockenberry, J. G. Encell and wife. The first permanent elders were R. W. Orvis, C. E. Packard and R. N. Wil- liams. The present (1881) membership is one hundred. The ministers HISTOKV OF i-I.INTON COLNTV. 267 in succession of this church have JJccn ciders R. C. Harrow, Allen. T. J. Williamson. H. \V. Watkins ami J. M. Henry in 1S81. The church edifice is a gotliic frame on the south side of the railroad on Prospect Street. It was built in 1867. The First Presbyterian Church of Cameron was organized October 24, 1867, by Rev. N. H. Smith, stated supply. The first elders were Peter Fisher, Samuel Hall, Rebecca Fisher, Maria A. Hall, Mary Frame, Nancy Shutts. and Mary E. Harwood. The church edifice is a substan- tial brick structure, gothic in design, and was built in 1873, at a cost of five thousand dollars. It stands on the southwest corner of Third and Pine Streets opposite the Combs House. The pastors who have had charge of the congregation of this church since its organization in 1867, are Rev's W. H. Smith, J. R. Green, Joseph France, J. C. Gurley, J. H. Hunter, J. C. Young, and Rev. A. W. Lawrence, present (1881) minister. The German Methodist Church of Cameron is a small brick build- ing south of the railroad, on Cherry Street between First and Second. It was built in 1875. The pastor of this church in 1881 was Rev. H. Minger, who preached every other Sunda}- at three o'clock. Their Sun- day school was held every Sunday at 2 p. m. The Roman Catholic Church of St. Munchen in Cameron was built in the fall of 1^67. It is a frame building, on Third Street east of Cedar. The original cost of the structure was about $2,000. It was subse- quently enlarged and otherwise improved, which improvements together with a neat parsonage, cost about $1,500 additional. The first priest of the church who preached in Cameron was Rew J. J. Hogan, afterwards Bishop of St. Joseph. Under his supervision the church was contracted for and built in Chillicothe, and afterwards shipped to Cameron, where it was erected on its present site. The priests in succession of this church to the present (1881) time have been Rev. J. J. Hogan, present bishop ; Rev. Father Ledwith, Rev. Father Ward, Rev. Father Foley, Rev. Father Welsh, Rev. Father Murphey, Rev. Father Kiley, and Rev. Thomas Denny. St. John's Protestant Episcoijal Church was organized in Cameron in 1869. The original members were : IV F. Hassett, and Mrs. S. R. Ticrnan, Miss M. Bell, Mrs. George R. Willis, Mrs. Willis, Mrs. H. B. Stokes, Mrs. S. Barker, and S. Barker. The church edifice, a neat Gothic frame, on the corner of Eighth and Pine Streets, was erected in 1876, at a cost of $1,850. November 11, 1880, it was dedicated by Right Rev. C. F. Robertson, Bishop of Missouri. The first Episcopal service ever held in Cameron was conducted November 28, 1868, by Bishop Robertson, who preached to a large congregation a sermon of great power from the twent)-first verse of the first chapter of Deuteronomy. The style of the church edifice is chaste and the gen- eral effect is excellent. The internal finish is oiled black walnut, and 268 HISTORY OF CLIXTOX COUXTY. the windows are of stained glass. While there are several larger, there are no better appearing church structures in the town. The African Methodist Episcopal Church, erected in 1881. is located on. Walnut Street, north of Fourth. Till the completion of this build- ing, they held their services in the school house. Rev. M. S. Bryant is pastor. THE NEWSPAPER PRESS OF CAMEROX. The first newspaper established in Cameron was the Chronotype. It was started in the fall of 1867, by Prof James A. Carothers. In t868, this paper became the property of Jesse Hake and J. F. Harwood, Esqrs., who changed the name of the paper, styling it the Observer, a designa- tion under which it has ever since continued to be published. It after- wards (April, 1870,) became the property of F.. J. Smith, Esq., now engaged in the practice of law in Cameron. October 20, 1872, Mr. Smith sold the paper to J. E. GoldsworthJ^ who, after publishing it for a time, leased the Observer to C. W. Hills, for the period of one year, from July, 1873, to July, 1874. The paper was then sold to the present (1881) pub- lisher, C. N. Burnham, who took possession in September following, and immediately enlarged it from an eight column folio to a four column quarto. In 1877, he further improved and enlarged it to its present dimensions-, a six column quarto. The paper is and has always been Republican in politics. The second newspaper enterprise established in the town was the Cameron Democrat. This, as its name implies, was Democratic in pol- itics. It was the first Democratic paper published in the town. John A. Peltier, who afterwards moved from the state, was the founder and publisher of this sheet. It survived less than a year. The third paper established in the town was the Cameron News. It was started by Frank E. Adams, and only survived seven weeks. The fourth newspaper enterprise to appear in the place was the Vindicator, a Republican sheet. This was established in June, 1876, by J. H. Frame and George T. Howser. They continued to publish the paper jointly till September, 1878, when Mr. Frame purchased the inter- est of his partner, and has since continued to publish it alone. The paper is an eight column folio. In June, 1881, the enterprising publisher of this journal uttered the first number of his daily, a neat five column sheet, and the first of that class published in the county. Both editions of the Vindicator are printed entirely at home. An episode in the newspaper histor\^ of Cameron was the brief career in that town of the Register, a Democratic weekly, published by Captain E. C. Thomas, in Plattsburg. Captain Thomas moved his paper to Cameron in 1877, and after a career of less than a year in that city, he moved it back to Plattsburg. This was in October, 1877. IIISTOKV or CLINTON COUNTY. 269 The first enterprise of this character organized in Cameron was the Cameron Deposit Bank, instituted in 1867, by R. J. House, William Orr, and Ira Brown. The ownership and management of this concern underwent, from time to time, \arious changes, till R. J. House finally became sole proprietor. His failure, in February, 1S78, closed the bank. The Park Bank, on the northeast corner of Third and Chestnut Streets, which latter forms the east boundary of the public park, was established March i, 1871, by Captain J. S. Rogers, the present (18S1) proprietor. January I, 1875, E. T. Walker, Esq., became a partner in the business. The bank building is the corner of a brick two story block, forty by seventy-five feet, owned by Captain Rogers. It is rather ornate in design and presents an attractive appearance. The Park Bank has long been recognized as one of the solid institutions of this country. At no time has it ever e.vperienced a suspension ; and the paper of the bank has always been paid on presentation. Its correspon- dents are : The Continental National Bank, of New York ; the Union National Bank, of Chicago ; the Laclede Bank, of St. Louis ; the State Saving?, and Schuster, Hax & Co.'s Bank, St. Joseph. The internal appointments of the bank are in correspondence with its external appearance, and include, with other conveniences, a Yale time lock, on one of the best fire and burglar proof safes in the country. The Farmers' Bank was established in Cameron and incorporated under the laws of the state, in September 1878. It operates with a paid up capital of ten thousand dollars. The officers, in 1881, are : N. S. Goodrich, president ; S. H. Corn, secretary ; and C. J. Stevens, cashier: The reputation of the bank is first class. It occupies the building on the southwest corner of Third and Main Streets, formerly the location of the Cameron Deposit Bank, defunct. CHAPTER XIV. CAMERON CONTINUED. SECRET AND UENEVOLENT SOCIETIES-PARK-AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAl ASSOCIATION— THE LAST FAIR- PRE.MIUMS-TO WHOM AWARDED-KESIDENCES- REVIEW OF 1S80-THE OCCURRENCE OF OCTOBER 24, 1874. The secret and benevolent societies of Cameron are both numerous and important. Of these the earliest established is Vincil Lodge, No. 62, Ancient, Eree and Accepted Masons. It was organized under dis- pensation from the Grand Lodge issued October 20, 1866, and received its charter October 19, 1867. The officers under that charter were Elias Parrot, (since dead) W. M.; L. Eoirest, S. W.; M. M. McPhetridge, J. W. ; John Stokes, Treasurer; A. T. Baubie, Secretary; S. B. Lathrop, S. D.; Delany Flanders, J. D., and W. S. Reed, Tyler. These included the original membership of the lodge. In the summer of 186S, they erected on the northeast corner of Third and Walnut Streets, a two-story frame building twenty-five by seventy feet. The second story of this building constituted the hall in which they continued to hold their communications till the great fire of 1 87 1, in which the structure was entirely destroyed. They had the good fortune, however, to save their records. From the period of the fire they continued to occupy a hall over Hamer's drug store on Third Street until 1875, when they moved into a hall in Musser's block, in which latter they continued to meet till December 31, 1880, when they moved into their present spacious and elegant hall in the same block. This hall, which is now (1881), occupied by two blue lodges, chapter, council, and commandery, is sixty feet by forty, exclusive of banqueting hall, twelve by thirty feet ; reception room eighteen feet square, and tyler's room twelve feet square. The lodge room is elegantly fitted up with handsome carpets and furniture, including, with other articles, an organ valued at one hundred and seventy-five dollars, and three elaborately upholstered Oriental chairs- in the stations. These latter, with the organ, were provided by the Sisters of the Eastern Star, who also held their sessions in this hall. Five elegant chandeliers depend from the ceiling, and every reasonable appliance of elegance and comfort proper to such apartments appear in the lodge and ante-rooms. The original lodge room which was destroyed in the great fire of 1871, was built by Vincil Hall Association. It was so named in honor of John D. Vincil. HISTOKV OK CI.INTON (.OUNTV. 2/1 present Grand Secretary and Past Grand Master of the Grand Lodye of the State. The elegant hall now occupied by all the several Masonic bodies is rented property. The first election of Vincil Lodge, which occurred December, 1867, resulted as follows: Elias Parrott, VV. M.; M. M. McPhetridge, S. W.; Taylor Criss, J. W.; John Stokes, Treasurer; A. T. Baubie, Secretary; Lawrence P'orrest, S. D.; Moses Joiner, J. D., and B. F. Jones, Tyler. At the election of December, 1868, the following were chosen : Elias Parrott. W. M.; Milton Helwig, S. W.; E. T. Walker, J. W.; John Stokes, Treasurer; John S. Nelson, Secretary; Lawrence Forrest, S. D.; S. S. Hare, J. D., and Benson C. Stokes, Tyler. December 4, 1869, the following were chosen : Elias Parrott, W. M.; Lawrence Forrest, S. VV.; J. J. Osbbrn, J. W.; John Stokes, Treasurer; John Nelson. Secretary; Milton Helwig, S. D.; B. C. Stokes, J. D., and Jesse S. Hake, Tyler. The officers elected in December, 1870, were Milton Helwig, W. M.; John Sebbett, S. VV.; J. M. Joiner, J. W.; Lawrence Forrest, Treasurer; S. S. Hare, Secretary; John Nelson, S. D.; G. S. Merwin, J. D., and Nathan Goodrich, Tyler. December, 1871. were elected Lawrence Forrest, W. M.; John F. King, S. VV.; Nathan Goodrich, J. VV.; John Lindsay, Treasurer; G. VV. Gribben, Secretary; M. Helwig, S. D.; B. C. Stokes, J. D., and George Hornbrook, Tyler. The election of December, 1872, was as follows: N. S. Goodrich, \V. M.; James Osborn, S. VV.; J. M. Lindsay, J. VV.; J. M. Handay, Treas- urer; S. VV. Baum, Secretary; I. M. Joiner, S. D.; John Nelson, J. D.. and S. H. Black, Tyler. December 6, 1873, the election for officers resulted as follows : N. S. Goodrich, VV. M.; George Willis, S. VV.; Geprge S. Merwin, J. VV.; John Livingston, Treasurer ; George VV. Gribben, Secretary ; Laurence For- rest, S. D.; P. Quigley, J. D.; VV. A. Nusbaum, Tyler, and Rev. Thomas Allen, Chaplain. December, 1874, the officers elected were : George A. Willis, W. M.; H. S. Beery, S. W.; Newton Ellis, J. VV.; John Livingston, Treasurer; S. S. Hare, Secretary ; E. L. Nelson, S. D.; VV. G. Sloan, J. D., and E. Fist, Tyler. December, 1875, the officers were : G. A. Willis, W. M.; H. S. Beery. S. W.; N.Ellis, J. VV ; John Livingston, Treasurer; S. S. Hare, Secre- tary ; VV. G. Sloan, S. D.; George VV. Kendrick, J. D., and H. VV. McClel- lan, Tyler. December 1876, the election resulted as follows: H. VV. Beery, VV. M.; S. S. Hare, S. VV.; VV. G. Sloan, J. VV.; John Livingston, Treasurer; A. T. Baubie, Secretary; N. S. Goodrich, S. D.; E. N. Nusbaum, J. D.; H. W. McClellan, Tyler. 2/2 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. December, 1877, the officers elected were: H. S. Beery, W. M.; George W. Sloan, S. \V. ; E. M. \usbaum, J. W'.; \Y. D. Corn, Treasurer ; A. T. Baubie, Secretary ; James H Frame, S. D.; N. Garrett, J. D., and H. W. McClellan. Tyler, December, 1878: H. S. Beery was elected W. M.; George Sloan, S. W.; George W. Howenstein, J. W.; W. D. Corn, Treasurer ; John Nelson, Secretary ; T. E. Potter, S. D.; G. S. Merwin, J. D., and George Kendrick, Tyler. December 6, 1878, the election resulted as follows : W.G.Sloan, W. M.; James H. Frame, S. W.; John Nelson, J. W.; \V. D. Corn, Treasurer; S. S. Hare, Secretary; E. J. Smith, S. D.; J. R. Brockman, J. D., and H. W. McClellan, Tyler. The election of 1880, was in favor of W. G. Sloan for Worshipful Mas- ter ; James H. Frame, S. W.; John Nelson, J. W.; W. D. Corn, Treasurer ; S. S. Hare, Secretary ; E. J. Smith, S. D.; J. Jacobus, J. D., and D. H. Eberly, Tyler. The present (1881) membership of Vincil Lodge is sixty-four. The organization is in a highly prosperous condition. Cameron Lodge No. 296, A. F. & A. M. was instituted under dispen- sation No\-ember 10, 1874, and set to work by James V. Whitset, D. D. G. M. of the Thirteenth Masonic District of Missouri, with the following officers: Milton Helwig,' W. W.; William McCullum. S. W.; E. T. Walker, J. W. The following officers were then chosen ; Solon H\-de, Treasurer ; Jarvis S. Rogers, Secretary ; Chester D. Combs, S. D. ; Al\-an Harriman, J. D. and James McKee, Tj-ler. Under charter of October 30, 1875, the following officers were elected: Milton Helwig. W. M.; William McCullum, S. W.; E. T. Walker, J. W.; L. Forrest, Treasurer ; J. S. Rogers, Secretar}- ; CD. Combs, S. D.; James S. Bassett, J. D.; R. M. Johnson and J. W. Lancas- ter, Stewards, and W. W. Knoop, Tyler. December 9, 1876, the election of officers resulted as follows : Milton Helwig, W. M.; William McCullum, S. W.; B. L. Hatch, J. W.; E. T. Walker, Treasurer; M. S. McKee. Secretary; C. D. Combs, S. D.; C. D. Redicker, J. D.; E. F. Kenney and A. D. Stevens, Stewards; M. Raney, Tyler. December 1877, the following were chosen: Milton Helwig, W. M.; J. S. Rogers, S. W.; T. E. Conklin, J. W.; Lawrence Forrest, Treasurer; W. J. Rogers, Secretary; C. D. Combs, S. D.; C. D. Redicker, J. D.; A. Harriman and B. L. Hatch, Stewards, and E. Walker, Tyler. December 1878, the following officers were elected: M. Helwig, W. M.; Chester D. Combs, S. W.; William McCullum, J. W.; C. D. Red- icker, Treasurer; E. T. Walker, Secretary; A. Harriman, S. D. ; Fred- erick Isabel, J. D.; M. T. Klepper, Chaplain; J. S. Bassett and E. F. Kenney, Stewards, and L. Forrest, Tyler. HISTORY OK CI.INTOX COUNTY. 2/3 December 1879, the election for officers resulted as follows: E. T. Walker, W. M.: A. Harriman, S. \V., J. S. Bas^ett, J. W.; C. D. Red- icker. Treasurer ; N. Follett, Secretar)- ; M. Hehvit,', S. D.; F. Isabel, J. D. and J. W. Wright, Tyler. The present (1881) officers are A. Harriman, W. M.; N. Follett, S. W.; J. W. Wright, J. W.; L. Lowry, Treasurer; Solon Hyde, Secretary ; J. Judson, S. D.; S. E. Thompson, J. D., and John Grant, Tyler. They were elected December 11, 1880. The organization has a membership of fifty. Cameron Royal Arch Chapter, No. 67, was set to work U. D. August I, 1870, by M. A. Lowe, D. G. H. P. The officers under this dis- pensation were Homer Dunn, H. P.; Dr. J. H. Snyder, K.; E. Parrott, S.; Milton Helvvig, P. S.; S. E. Johnson, C. of H.; L. Forrest, Treasurer; G. B. Salmon, Secretary; J. M. Nelson, R. A. C; J. E. Goldsmith, G. M. third v.; Jacob Taylor, G. M. second V.; A. Hostadter, G. M. first V.; W. H. Stafford, Guard. They were granted a charter October 6, 1870, in which Homer Dunn, Dr. J. H. Snyder, and Elias Parrott were respect- tively named High Priest, King and Scribe. At an election, the first held under this charter, at a special communication November 22, 1870, the following named officers were chosen : Milton Helwig, H. P.; J. E. Goldsworthy, K.; E. T. Walker, S.; J. M. Nelson, C. of H.; J. H. Sny- der, P. S.; D. T. Adams, R. A. C; Jacob Taylor, G. M. third V.; S. E. Johnson. G. M. second V.; W. H. Stafford, G. M. first V.; L. Forrest, Treasurer ; E. Fist, Secretary ; G. B. Salmon, Guard. M. Helwig served as High Priest till December 27, 1872, when his successor. Judge E. T. Walker, was installed. Judge Walker was successively re-elected, serving till December, 1876, when he was succeeded b)- B. L. Hatch, who served till December 24, 1878, when he was succeeded by E. T. Walker, who served till December. 1879. William McCallum was then elected High Priest and served till December, 1880, at which period the present officers were elected, viz : E. T. Walker, H. P.; Z. Provolt, K.; S. E. Johnson. S.; John Livingston. Treasurer ; J. H. Frame. Secretary ; L. Forrest, C. of H; John Judson, P. S.; J. B. Handy, R. A. C; Alvin Harriman, G. M. third V.; C. D. Redicker, G. M. second V.; J. J, Osborn, G. M. first V.; J. M. Joiner, Guard. The membership in iSSi of this chapter is sixty-five. Signet Council No. 19 of Royal and Select Masters was set to work, under dispensation, October 12, 1872, with the following officers: James Thompson, Th. 111. G. M.; John M. Lindsay, Deputy T. I. G. M.; Robert Hall, P. C. W.; Fred. Henshaw, Treasurer; E. Fist, Recorder; Joseph Truex, C. of G.; John L. Nelson. C. of C; T. W. Moore, Steward; I. G. Willis, Guard. On the granting of a charter by the Grand Council, October 9, 1874, the same officers were retained. These continued to hold their respective positions till August 20, 1875, when they were sue- 274 HISTORY OK CLINTON COUNTY. ceeded by the present (iSSi) officers: E. T. Walker, Th. III. G. M.; L. Forrest, Deputy Th. 111. G. M.; John Nelson, P. C; Fred. Henshaw, Treasurer; E. Fist, Recorder; W. F. Moore, C. of G.; John Judson, C. of C; Thomas Crowder, Steward ; R. S. Osborn, Sentinel. The present membership of this Council is 22. Kadosh Commandery No. 21, Knights Templar, was organized in Hamilton, Missouri, under a dispensation granted by the Grand Com- mandery, April 25, 1872, and was set to work by D. P. Willingford, Deputy of the R. E. G. C. of Missouri, with the following officers : Sir William Wilmot, E. C; Sir Marcus A. Lowe, Generalissimo ; Sir A. C. Menefee, Captain General ; Sir D. P. Wallingford, Prelate ; Sir John A. Nicely, S. W.; Sir Robert L. Dodge, J. W.; Sir Robert F. McCullough, Standard Bearer; Sir J. J. Squier, Warder; Sir Duncan D. Gant, Sentinel. October 23, 1872, a charter was granted by Oren Root, Jr., Esq., Grand Commander, and signed by George Frank Gouley, Grand Recorder. The first officers elected under this charter were : Sir William Wilmot, E. C; Sir Marcus A. Lowe, Generalissimo; Sir Alney C. Menefee, Captain General ; Sir Henry Hayden, Prelate ; Sir Enos J. Dudley, S. W.; Sir Alvin G. Cook, J. W. ; Sir James J. Squier, Treasurer; Sir Henry Cloren, Recorder ; John Corester, Standard Bearer ; Sir J. W. Plum, Sword Bearer; Sir Albert G. Davis, Warder. The following officers were elected in this Commandery December 4, 1873 : Sir William Wilmot, E. C; Sir M. A. Lowe, Generalissimo ; Sir A. C. Menefee, Captain General ; Sir J. S. Orr, Prelate ; Sir A. M. Irving, 5. W.; Sir George T. Rogers, J. W.; Sir Joseph Truex, Standard Bearer; Sir J. S. Spratt, Treasurer ; Sir M. O. Hines, Recorder ; Sir Henry Cloren. Warder; Sir C. M. Morrow, Sentinel. December 3, 1874, the following were the officers elected : Sir A. C. Menefee, E. C; Sir D. M. Ferguson, Generalissimo; Sir J. W. Harper, Captain General; Sir J. S. Orr; Prelate; Sir E. J. Dudley, S. W.; Sir George F. Rogers, J. W.; Sir J. F. Spratt, Treasurer ; Sir William Parton, Recorder; Sir C. H. Young, Standard Bearer; Sir W. D. Patterson, Sword Bearer ; Henry Cloren, Warder. The election of December 2, 1875, resulted as follows : Sir Joseph W. Harper, E. C; Sir J. F. Spratt, Generalissimo; Sir J. S. Orr, Captain General ; Sir William D. Patterson, Prelate ; Sir H. C. McDougal, S. W.; Sir George F. Rogers, J. W.; Sir R. B. Houston, Treasurer, Sir William Wilmot, Recorder; Sir J. T. Dunn, Standard Bearer; Sir Charles H. Young, Sword Bearer; Sir Henry Cloren, Warder; Sir C. M. Morrow, Sentinel. December, 1876, the following were the officers elected: Sir J. W. Harper, E. C; Sir George F. Rogers, Generalissimo ; Sir A. C. Menefee, Captain General ; Sir Wm. D. Patterson, Prelate ; Sir John F. Spratt, S. HISTORY OF CIJNTON COUNTY. 2/5 W'.: Sir C. H. Young, J. W.; Sir R. B. Houston. Treasurer ; Sir William W'ilmot, Recorder ; Sir George S. Lamson, Standard Bearer ; Sir J. W. Plum, Sword Bearer ; Sir V.. J. Dudley, Warder ; Sir C. M. Morrow, Sentinel. The election of December, 1S77, resulted as follows: Sir Wm. D. Patterson, E. C; Sir George F. Rogers, Generalissimo ; Sir A. C. Mene- fee. Captain General ; Sir J. F. Spratt, Prelate ; Sir Wm. Rhodes, S. W.; Sir Enos J. Dudley, J. W.; Sir William Wilmot, Recorder; Sir R. B. Houston, Treasurer; Sir Isaac N. Hopkins, Standard Bearer; Sir J. W. Plum, Sword Bearer ; Sir James S. Orr, Warder ; Sir C. W. Morrow, Sentinel. The officers elected December 5, 1878, were : Sir George Rogers, E. C; Sir J. W. Harper, Generalissimo; Sir John F. Spratt, C. G.; Sir A. C. Menefee, S. W.; Sir Henry Cloren, J. W.; Sir William Patterson, Prelate ; Sir R. Houston, Treasurer; Sir D. M. Fergu.son, Recorder ; Sir James McCray, Standard Bearer; Sir J. W. Plum, Sword Bearer ; Sir E. J. Dudley, Warder ; Sir C. M. Morrow, Sentinel. By virtue of a dispensation granted by the Grand Commandery of the state, Kadosh Commandery No. 21 was moved from Hamilton to Cameron, where it held its first meeting in Masonic Hall, Musser's block, July 3, 1879. The election of December, 1S79, the first this Commandery held in Cameron, resulted as follows : Sir George F. Rogers, Eminent Com- mander ; Sir J. H. Snyder, Generalissimo; Sir H. C. McDougal, Captain General ; Sir A. M. Dockery, Prelate ; Sir Z. Provolt, Treasurer ; Sir E. T. Walker, Recorder; Sir William McCallum, S. W.; Sir A. M. Irving, J. W.; Sir C. F". Wyman, Warder; Sir Fred. Henshaw, Standard Bearer ; Sir J. A. Wickham, Sword Bearer; Sir M. Helwig, Sentinel. The officers elected December, 1880, are: Sir J. H. Snyder, Emi- nent Commander; Sir A. M. Dockery, Generalissimo; Sir J. W. Harper, Captain General ; Sir A. Harriman, Prelate ; Sir Z. Provolt, Treasurer ; Sir J. S. Orr, Senior Warden ; Sir E. T. Walker, Junior Warden ; Sir J. H. Frame, Warder ; Sir J. F. Spratt, Standard Bearer ; Sir W. E. Blake, Sword Bearer ; Sir E. T. Walker, Recorder; Sir M. Helwig, Sentinel. The membership of Kadosh Commandery in 1881 is fifty-seven. Adah Chapter No. 17, of the P'astern Star, was chartered in the winter of 1874, with the following officers: Mrs. Sarah Snyder, W. M.; George A. Willis, W. P.; Mrs. McCullom, Treasurer, and Miss Fannie Reid, Secretary. The original membership was si.xteen. This institu- tion has prospered abundantly, and now (1881) includes a membership of thirty-eight. Of the Chapter, Mrs. Snyder is W. M.; J. H. Frame, W. P.; Mrs. Goodrich, Treasurer, and Mrs. King, Secretary. The ele- gantly upholstered oriental chairs, organ, etc., above referred to, in Masonic Hall, were provided through the enterprise of the ladies of this 276 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. order^ who raised, by holding festivals, the means of defraying the cost of the same. Thej- also contributed one hundred dollars towards defray- ing the expense of the elegant carpet which covers the floor of the lodge room. Mrs. King and Mrs. Snyder are both members of the Grand Chapter of the State. THE INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODD FELLOWS are, in order of time, the second secret benevolent body instituted in Cameron. Star of Hope Lodge No. 182, I. O. O. F., was organized by them under authority of N. M. Smith, D. D. G. M., February 20, 1868. The first officers were E. R. Saulsberry, N. G.; E. T. Walker, V. G.; J. G. Encel, Secretarj- ; J. J. Tipton, Treasurer ; J. F. Harwood, Permanent Sec- retary. The charter members were E. T. Walker, J. J. Tipton, E. R. Saulsberry, J. G. Encel, George Hornbrook, Frank Gantz and D. A. Munsell. The present (1881) officers are J. J. Tipton, N. G.; A. Talbott, V. G.; J. W. Munsell, Secretary, and N. S. Goodrich, Treasurer. The Board of Trustees are N. S. Goodrich, J. N. Munsell and Z. Provolt. The present membership of the lodge is fifty-six. Cameron Encampment No. 62, I. O. O. F., was instituted in Cam- eron June 19, 1871. The following were its first officers ; N. S. Goodrich, C. P.; William Hollington, H. P.; J. J. Tipton, S. W.; J. F. Harwood, Scribe, and H. S. Beery, Treasurer. This body of the order is also in a highly prosperous condition, and includes a membership of seventy. The present officers are D. B. H. Brown, C. P.; J. N. Munsell, H. P.; G. W. Stoner, S. W.; J. J. Tipton, Scribe, and N. S. Goodrich, Treasurer The hall now occupied by both bodies of the order is an elegant apartment in Musser's block, which was occupied by the Masonic organ- izations till they moved in January, 188 1, in their present equally ele- gant, but more expensive apartments in the same block, as above described. Temple Lodge No. 38, A. O. U. W. was organized December 7, 1877, with the following officers : R. R. Daviess, Past Master Workman ; J. N. Munsell, Master Workman ; W. D. Corn, Grand Foreman ; G. W. Stoner, Overseer ; C. N. Burnham, Recorder; L. E. Burr, Financier ; E. M. Nusbaum, Guide ; M. L. Walker, Receiver ; A. L. Spore, Inside, and E. J. Smith, Outside Watchman. The charter members were R. R. Daviess, J. N. Munsell, W. D. Corn, G. W. Stoner, C. N. Burnham, L. E. Burr, M. L. Walker, E. M. Nusbaum, A. L. Spore, E. J. Smith, P. C. Kishpaugh, J. H. Frame, B. M. Blachley, J. H. Kittridge, C. D. Redicker, J. H. Snyder, D. H. Eberly, George Purple, C. H. Mitchell, Harrison Groves, H. L. Freeman, C. H. Rollins, T. E. Conklin, William Wardell, W. H. Miller, G. W. Kendrick and O. B. Lingle. The present member- ship is twenty-two. They hold their sessions in Odd Fellows' Hall. UISTOKV OF CI.INTOX COUNTY. 27/ The present (iS8i) officers of Temple Lodge are William Wardell, Past Master Workman ; O. B. Lingle, Master Workman ; H. Groves, Grand Foreman ; John Yeaman, Overseer ; L. 1".. Burr, Receiver ; }{. W. Gar- rett, Recorder; J. C. Loutzenheiser, Financier; \V. F. Russell, Guide, and D. H. Eberly, Watchman. The Order of Royal Templars was organized in Cameron, January I, 1S76. The founders of the order were J. N. Munsell, J. H. Frame, B. R. Helwig, D. I. Thornton, and W. F. Cane. Mr. J. N. Nunsell was the author of its laws and secret work, ami the institution lay dormant for some time after its organization. In November, 1879, it was firmly established by the creation of a Supreme Council of which its founders are permanent members. This Supreme Council is empowered to issue charters and open working temples, etc. Independence Temple No. i, Independent Order of Royal Templars, was instituted November 18, 1879, and is in a prosperous and growing condition, with a present membership of sixty-eight. The officers of the Supreme Council of the order are: B. R. Helwig, S. G. C; J. H. Kittridge, S. G. H. P.; J. H. Frame, S. G. C; J. N. Munsell, S. G. Scribe ; M. Helwig, S. G. Treasurer; A. T. Newton, S. G. M.; D. T. Thorton, S. G. S. The officers of Independence Temple No. i, Independent Order of Royal Templars, are (1881) : A. L. Newton, T. K.; Y. M. Mun- sell, H. P.; J. Musselman, S. C; C. H. Munsell, Scribe ; Frank Hallowell, Treasurer; W. R. Stout, R. C; Jacob Stoner, R. G.; Erwin Tellers, Guard. Cameron Lodge No. 2,259, Knights of Honor, was organized July 3 1880, with the following charter member: J. Garnett, Dictator; T. E. Potter, Vice Dictator; J. F. Harwood, Past Dictator; J. C. Tracy, Assis- tant Dictator; C. N. Burnham, Reporter; J. R. Hamer, Financial Reporter ; R. B. Elliott, Chaplain ; A. F. Cecil, Guide ; H. L. Freeman, Treasurer; F. W. Hort, Guardian ; J. R. Ritchie, Sentinel; W. D. Corn, J. B. Dawson and S. H. Black, Trustees. The other members were J. W. Thompson, J. W. Crawford, J. H. Frame, George H. Miller and J. A. Patterson. The present (1881) officers are; H. L. Freeman, Dic- tator ; F.red. W. Hort, Vice Dictator; J. F. Harwood, Past Dictator; C. H. Rollins, Financial Reporter; J. R. Hamer, Treasurer ; H. L. h'ree- man. Representative to the Grand Lodge ; S. S. Black and J. W. Thomp- son, Trustees. The lodge holds its sessions in Odd Fellows' Hall. Cameron Grange No. 960, Patrons of Husbandry, meets in the after- noon of every second Saturday. In 1881, H. M. McCartney was Worthy Master and E. C. Packard, Secretary. The members of the Farmers' and Mechanics' Mutual Aid .Associa- tion, of ;pt. Louis, met in Cameron, November 4, 1S81, and organized a local society there, of which Theodore B. Casterline was chosen I'resi- dent ; Edwin C. Wright, Vice President ; Solon Hyde, Secretary ; Dr. Kishpaugh, Treasurer; Samuel Hamer, Chaplain; Drs. Sharp and Kish- 278 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. paugh, Medical Directors ; W. J. Stoncr, Deput)-, and S. S. Hare, Agent ; Committee on Finances, Dr. Sharp, W. Kuhnert and \V. J. Stoner ; Room Committee, Stoner and Hare ; Care of Sick and Poor, Hj-de and Sharp ; on Applications, Pollard, Wilhelm and Hamer. One of the most attractive features of the town of Cameron is its PUBLIC PARK. This elegantly impro\ed spot occupies the square bounded on the north by Fourth Street, on the south by Third, on the east by Chestnut and on the west by Cherry Street. It was set apart on the laying out of the town for the special purpose to which it is now devoted. Though for a long period remaining unimproved, in subsequent years it was planted in shade trees, neatly fenced in and otherwise improved and embellished. Its present (1881) appearance is eminently attractive. The beautiful green swards of its surface slopes regularly and gently from Fourth to Tnird Street, while between the tall water maples appear, at regular intervals, a healthy growth of handsome evergreens. On the north side of this park the stately structure of the Cameron public school rears its elegant proportions. On the south Musser's Block, the most artistic continuous row of brick business houses in the city, appears. On the southeast corner is the sightly structure of the Park Bank, also a brick edifice, with semi-circular arched windows, and on the northeast the Methodist Episcopal, a neat brick church. The general style and charac- ter of the architecture of Cameron is metropolitan and substantial, and the business acti\it)- of the town would be creditable to a city of several times its population. , Among other elements of enterprise, the citizens of Cameron deserve especial credit for the inauguration and subsequent maintenance, for sev- eral successive seasons, of FAIRS which were held on a piece of ground directly north of and adjoining the town site of Cameron, and, consequently, in DeKalb County. From the circumstances of this ground being and lying within the limits of that county, its charter was derived therefrom ; and, though to all intents and purposes, a Cameron enterprise, it was styled the "DeKalb County Agricultural and Mechanical Association." Commonly known every- where, however, (as it properly was) as the Cameron Fair. The first president of this association was Judge Thomas E. Turney, and the first secretary, W. D. Corn, Esq. This was in 1867. These fairs continued to be held regularly from the fall of 1867, when the first was inaugurated, for the period of three successive years, with, however, indifferent success, in a financial point of view. HISTOUV OK Cl.IXTON COUNTV. 279 In 1873, the association chanL;'(-d membership, the s^round, etc., hav- ing been sold to anotlier conipan_\-. The Cameron District Fair was another organization, of which Hiram A. McCartne\' was President ; Zachar\- Provolt, Esq., Secretary, and J. R. McCartney, Treasurer. This compan)- held but one fair. It was in the fall of 1876, and was the only one of these expositions which proved a financial success. We take the following from the Vindicator, of September 21, 1876: As earl\- as Monday strangers began to arri\e in town, and the large number of guests that thronged our hotels indicated that our fair would be a success. By Wednesda)- the number had greatly increased^ and hosts of farmers were in town with their stock and farm productions, but the extremely wet weather of the previous night and the continu- ance of the rain on that morning made it impossible for the association to proceed with the programme that day, and, owing to the fact that the prospects for good weather were so unfavorable, they thought seriously of postponing the exhibition for a few weeks, but the large quantity of goods, machinery, stock, etc., that was already on the ground, resolved them to continue the exhibition, let the weather be what it might. On Thursday morning the weather was bright and clear, and the mud had dried up sufficiently to put the track in a very good condition, and to make the road to the grounds passable. At an earlj- hour the Cornet Band, in their fine wagon, paraded our streets, and made it known that the fair had now commenced in earnest. The first day was considerably better than the average first days of our previous fairs, and a great many of our citizens attended, and were somewhat surprised to find that the display was so good. On Fridaj', the second day, even more stock had arrived, and the number of visitors was largely increased, and the association felt that their prospects were more flattering than any one had hoped for. The number of fast horses that were entered in the several races, on this day, was larger than that of any previous year, and great interest was mani- fested in each race. We regret to state, however, that the premiums offered were not sufficiently large to induce owners of the best horses in this part of the country to bring them here, but there were several ani- mals that ha\e a very good record. Saturday was the last and best day of the fair, and the attendance was very large, nearly all the business houses in town closing up in order that the proprietors, clerks and hands might all attend. The farmers were also here in larger numbers on that day, bringing their families and doing all in their power to make the show interesting, and we believe that all who attended were highly pleased with the manner in which the asso- ciation conducted the exhibition, the well arranged programme and with the entire affair. The racing on this day was more extensive than on 280 HISTORY OF CLIXTOX COUNTY. any previous day, there being four or five different races, occupying the whole of the afternoon. On account of the long programme that had to be got through with in three days, it hurried them considerably, but they sccceeded in finish- ing up and did not continue over to Monday. Among the attractions outside of the programme, was the tight-rope performance of Prof DeVerdie and the trapeze performance of his wife, the dance hall, side show, swings, wheels of fortune and a few other gambling schemes, all of which were patronized by the usual class, some choosing one way to spend their money and some another, but we were glad to see that there was no such unlimited gambling caried on as is done in some places and has been done here in previous years. Taken altogether this was an exhibition that our citizens need not be ashamed of, and one that shows that Cameron will not be beaten by any town of its size in the country in this line of business, as well as other things. The following is the list of premiums and persons to whom awarded : Best stallion for all purposes, aged, W. C. Newby, first premium ; P. V. Crist, second premium. Best stallion, from three to one, age consid- ered, W. P. Harlan, first premium ; H. A. McCartney, second premium. Best stallion, sucking colts, S. Buster, first premium; R. J. Osborn, sec- ond premium. Best mare, aged, H. A. McCartney, first premium ; R. Gibson, second premium. Best mare, three to one, age considered, A. G. Rogers. Best mare colt, H. A. McCartney, first premium ; J. Hen- derson, second premium. Best bull. Downing & Warfield ; best bull two years and under three, J. W. Harper ; best bull, one and under two year, H. McCartney ; Best bull calf, J. W. Harper ; best heifer calf, J. W. Harper ; best cow, aged, A. T. Downing ; best cow three years and under four, J. W. Harper ; best cow two years and under three, J. W. Harper ; best cow one year and under two, J. W. Harper. Best Berkshire boar, S. H. Corn ; best Berkshire sow and litter of pigs, five or more, J. W. Harper ; best Berkshire boar, six months and under twelve, S. H. Corn ; best Berkshire sow, six months and under twelve, S. H. Corn. Best jack of any age, VV. C. Newby ; best mules, aged, G. H. Newby first and second premiums ; best mules, three years and under four, G. H. Newby ; best mules, one year and under two, R. J. Osborn first and second premiums ; best mule colt, W. C. Newby ; best pair of mules in harness, G. H. Newby, first premium, and W. C. Newby, second pre- mium ; best single harness mules, G. H. Newby. Best long wool buck, J. W. Stewart ; best long wool ewe, J. W. Stewart ; best pair of long wool lambs, J. A. Campbell ; best buck for mutton purposes, J. W. Stewart ; best ewe for mutton purposes, G. Shutt ; best pair lambs for mutton purposes, F. B. Ellis ; best fine wool HISTORY OK CI.INTOX COUNTY. 28l buck, R. T. Russell ; best fine wool ewe, D. M. Ward ; best fine wool lamb. D. ^l. Ward. Best blooded stallion, aged, W. C. Newby ; best blooded stallion, three to one, age considered, W. P. Harlan, first premium, and Burk & Brown, second premium ; best blooded stallion colts, S. B. Buster, first premium, and G. W. Blakely, second premium; best blooded mare, aged, H. A. McCartney ; best blooded mare colt, H. A. McCartney. Best boar, any breed except Berkshire, aged, J. H. Shirts, first premium, and H. J. Masters, second premium ; best sow, aged, O. B. Lingle ; best boar, six months and under twelve, C. I. Ford ; best sow, six months and under twelve. C. I. Ford. Heavy farm horses : Best stallion, aged, E. Stevens, first premium, and B. C. Stokes, second premium ; best stallion three to one, Martin Shay ; best stallion colts, G. W. Blakely, first premium, and A. David- son, second premium ; best mare three to one, A. G. Rogers. Best saddle mare, any age, W. C. Newby, first premium; J. Newby, second premium. Best saddle gelding, J. W. Clark, first premium ; W. C. Walker, second premium. Best pair carriage horses — mares or geldings — in harness, J. A. Douglas, first premium ; C. I. Ford, second premium. Best single buggy mare or gelding in harness, J. W. Harper, first premium ; J. A. Douglass, second premium. General Sweepstakes — Best stallion any age, for all purposes, W. C. Newby, first premium ; S. Buster, second premium ; best mare of any age for all purposes, A. G. Rogers, first premium ; R. Gipson, second premium. Best bull of any age, Downing & Warfield, first premium ; J. W. Harper, second premium. Best cow, any age, J. W. Harper, first premium ; J. W. Harper, second premium. Best boar any age or breed, J. H. Shirts, first premium ; S. H. Corn, second premium ; best sow, any age or breed, S. H. Corn, first premium ; J. W. Harper, second premium. Best farm wagon. House & Creigh ; best two-horse plow, Steiger & Bro.; best harrow, John Yeaman ; best combination reaper and mower, Steiger & Bro.; best grain drill. House & Creigh ; best corn planter, two-horse, Steiger & Bro. Best wagon harness, C.I. Ford & Son ; best double carriage har- ness. Ford & Son; best half dozen common brooms, J. S Stafford; best gents' saddle and bridle, Ford & Son ; best ladies' saddle and bridle. Ford & Son Best fall wheat, John Shirts ; best white corn, lOO ears, John Oss- nian ; best yellow corn, lOO ears, John Ossman ; best timothy seed, one- half bushel, R. T. Russell ; best oats, one bushel, J. W Stewart. Best assortment garden vegetables, W. W Knoop ; best half bushel sweet potatoes, W. W. Knoop; best sample Irish potatoes, early, John Ossman ; best sample Irish potatoes, late, John Ossman ; 282 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. best white beans, one peck, S Leach ; best onions, \V. W Knoop ; best peppers, one quart, Mrs. Harriet Stokes; best pole beans, one quart, R. J. Osborn ; best bunch beans, one quart, Mrs. H Stokes; best carrots, six or more, W. W. Knoop ; best beets, two or more, W. W. Knoop ; best tomatoes, ten or more, Mrs. H. Stokes ; best cabbage, three or more, Mrs. H. Stokes ; best squashes, J. Campbell. Best brahmas, W. W. Knoop ; best buff cochins, W. W McGregor; best houdans, R. T. Russell; best partridge cochins, R T Russell; best ducks, Willie Perrine. Best cooking stove and furniture, J. H. Shirts & Son ; best heating stove, J. H Shirts & Son; best collection of tinware, J H Shirts & Son. Best winter apples, Zimmerman Bros. ; best fall apples, Zimmerman Bros-.; best grapes, J. Deiter ; best dried apples, one peck, Mrs C. I. Ford Best pound cake, Mrs. Harriett Stokes; jelly cake, Mrs. W. P. Har- lan; fruit cake, Mrs. Chas. McKercher; lard, five pounds, Mrs. Harriett Stokes; best loaf bread, Miss Lida Cherry. Best apple preserves, Mrs. Harriett Stokes; peach preserves, W. W. Knoop; pear preserves, Mrs. C. I. Ford; Siberian crab preserves, Mrs. Charles McKercher; citron preserves, Mrs. S. P. Jeffries; currant jelly, Maggie Fitzgerald; blackberry jelly, Mrs. McKercher; apple jelly, Maggie Fitzgerald; plum jelly, Maggie Fitzgerald; grape jelly, Maggie Fitzgerald; crab apple jelly, Mrs. W. W. Perrine. Best sweet pear pickles, Maggie Fitzgerald; peach pickles, Mrs. W. W. Knoop; apple butter, Mrs. Harriett Stokes; peach butter, Mrs. W. W. Knoop ; tomato catsup, Mrs. McKercher ; starch, home-made, Mrs. C. I. Ford ; honey, three pounds, in the comb, A. J. McCartney. Best canned peaches, Mrs. McKercher ; cherries, Maggie Fitzgerald ; currants, Mrs. W. W. Perrine ; gooseberries, Mrs. W. W. Perrine ; rasp- berries, Mrs. W. W. Knoop ; tomatoes, Mrs. W. W. Perrine ; assortment of fruit in cans or jars, Mrs. W. W. Knoop. Best grape wine, Mrs. McKercher. Best double coverlet, Mrs. W. P. Harlan ; single coverlet, Mrs. W. P. Harlan ; pair woolen blankets, Mrs. C. Shrevc ; fla.x linen, Mrs. Harriet Stokes. Best worsted quilt. Miss Kate Osborn ; cotton quilt, Miss Kate Osborn ; sun bonnet, Mrs. Caleb Shreve. Best silk embroidery, Mrs. James Allen; worsted embroidery. Miss Ella Cook; edging or inserting. Miss Ella Cook; crochet work, Miss Eunice Stokes; netted tidy. Miss Ella Cook; silk embroidered infant blanket, Mrs. James Allen ; braided slippers, Josie House ; needle work. Miss Ella Cook; display of feather, wax or hair work, Mrs. John Camp- bell ; shell, bead, mosaic or paper mache work, Josie House . Best flat HISTORY OK CLINTON COUNTY. 283 bouquet, Mrs. A. T. Baubic ; tame and wild flowers, Josie House; flowers in pots, Mrs W W. Knoop ; pair vases and cut flowers, Josie House; basket with cut flowers, Bertie Rogers Running, single dash, one-third mile, free to all— l-"irst premium, $20; second premium, $15; third premium, $5: F Brown, ' Lizzie," first premium; William Dice, "Dusty," second premium; J P. Sears, "Little Annie," third premium; J. \V. Carey, "Silver Heels " Trotting in harness — Free to all, one mile, two best in three ; First premium, $25 ; second premium, $15 ; third premium, $10. R. Gibson, " Prince," first premium ; L Spaulding, " Comet," second premium ; W. S. Dykes, " Dick Taylor," third premium ; S. Lampman, " Clara Potter." Pacing under saddle — One mile, two best in three : First premium, $20; second premium, $12; third premium, $8. William Stillfield, •' Kansas Baby," first premium ; T. Winston, "Snooks," second premium; Clark, "John," drawn ; W. Walker, " Charlej-," drawn. Running — Free to all, one-third mile, two best in three: First pre- mium, $20; second premium, $15; third premium, $5. Holmes Boyd, " Kitty," first premium ; Wheeler, " Jeff," second premium ; Campbell, "Archer," third premium ; Holmes Boyd, " Little Pony." Trotting under saddle — One mile, three best in five : First premium, $15; second premium, $10; third premium, $5. T. G. Baum, "Jim Rob- inson," first premium ; W. S. Dykes, " Dick Taylor," second premium ; M. P. Cloudas, " Little Nellie ; R. Gibson, " Brown Molly." Running — Horses that never won money, one-third mile, best two in three: First premium, $15; second premium, $10. J. Creekmore, " Morgan," first premium ; H. Boyd, " Kitty," second premium ; J. Dyce, " Dusty ;" 5. E. Miller, "Little Clipper;" M. Weldon, "Molly." Trotting in harness — Free to all, one mile, three best in five : First premium, $30; second premium, $20; third premium, $10. I. Spauld- ing, " Prince," first premium ; R. Gibson, " Comet," second premium ; W. S. D)kes, " Dick Taylor," third premium ; T. G. Baum, "Jim Robinson." RESIDENCES. A marked peculiarity in the general aspect of the town of Cam- eron, is the evidence of permanence and substantial excellence, even of the comparatively inferior class of buildings. The wide and level streets are lined with commodious sidewalks, generally of plank, but well kept. Every indication tends to show, that outside of the necessary floating population to be found in every railroad center, a large majority of the inhabitants of the prosperous and growing commercial metropolis of Clinton and adjoining counties, are people of worth and character, while not a few represent comparative wealth and affluence. The latter fact is pointedly expressed in the number and superior character of the better 284 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. class of residence buildings that have, from time to time, been erected within the limits and in the immediate suburbs of the town. Prominent among the latter is the lofty and elegant gothic frame residence of Major A. T. Baubie, who may properly be styled the father of the town. This pioneer among the superior class of suburban residences of Cameron was erected in 1868, at a cost exclusive of its elegant surroundings, of three thousand five hundred dollars. A carefully kept lawn, broad carriage drive, and extensive vineyard and orchard of numerous varieties of fruit, are among the attractive features of this model home. In the New Year's issue of the Vindicator appears the following business review for the year 1880: Many real estate changes have occurred, and it has been a lively year for real estate agents. The new buildings reported in the list below does not include by any means all the residences that have been erected, for we have prepared this list -solely from memory, and of course cannot make a complete report. During the past few months some of our capitalists have been aroused to the point of seeing money in the erection of new residence buildings, and as soon as spring opens numerous new buildings will be put up. Next year we will have a list three or four times as long as this : J . R . Hamer, addition to residence. C. E. Packard, brick business house. Wm. McComb, hotel near Union Depot. Thomas Leonard, residence on Main Street. John Yeaman, blacksmith and wagon shop. Jonas Bros., business house on Third Street. W. R. Nelson, residence on North Main Street Rev. H. Minger, residence in southern part of the town. Mrs. Hamer, residence in western part of town. Z. Provolt, addition to residence on Third Street. J P. Pierson, addition to resi- dence on Fourth Street. H. L Freeman, fine residence on West Fourth Street. Thomas Frazier, neat residence on West Third Street. Joel Trice, handsome residence on Third Street. John Brown, small residence on East Third Street. Benj . Helwig, residence in northwest- ern part of town. E, Y. Lingle, addition to residence on Prospect Street. Elliott & Son, large two-story brick building, with cellar. Reuben Howser, residence in northwestern part of town. I. Havener, building now occupied as Dr. Sharp's office. Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad Company, brick round-house near Union Depot. Nathan Evans, residence and barn in southwestern suburbs. Elder W. C. Rogers, large residence in western portion of town. J. H. Snyder, kitchen addition to residence and a splendid barn. Goodrich & Living- ston, large addition to residence on Third Street. George Michaels, large and substantial residence on West Fourth Street. Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad Company, round-house and tank near Union Depot. Robert Vanduser, carpenter shop and residence, corner Walnut and Third Streets. Howenstein & Tilley, addition to building used as a furniture factory. Solomon Musser, two large two-story brick business HISTORY 01- CLINTON COUNTV. 285 houses, with cellar. John Grant, substantial and commodious residence on West Fourth Street. C. T. Finley, portion of saloon building moved and made into business house near Union Depot. Burr & Corn, large brick business house, 44x90, three stories high, besides basement, mak- ing it practically a four-story building. The following establishments, in the way of stores, factories and shops, were opened during 1880: A. D. Neff, bakery. Shirts & Kester, tin shop. John Sanders, grocery store. William Kuhnert, meat market. Charles Rozelle, harness shop. Stokes & Green, meat market. Osborn & Steele, clothing store. Robert Vanduser, carpenter shop. Doctor E. W. Stevens, dentistry office. By Howenstein & Tilley, furniture store- DcDougal & McEldowney, dry goods store. John Yeaman. blacksmith and wagon shop. Ikner & Schneidermyer, produce commission house, in cellar under Freeman's store. The following professional men have settled in Cameron during the year : Dr. E. W. Stevens, dentist. Dr. J. B. Douglas, physician, opposite post office. Dr. William Erwin, Homeopathic physician, office in Mus- sel's Block. A. J. Althouse, attorney, located in Cameron, office over Havenor's store. The following business changes have occurred during the year just closed : Firm of Walker & Risley, changed to Risley & Son. D. A. Rich- ardson purchased Ira Little's restaurant. Fred. Isbell purchased half interest in Combs House. Thomas Gouldrich purchased saloon from Peter Peterson. William Esteb purchased half interest in Sain's butcher shop. Rush McKenzie purchased half interest in Neff's bakery. J. W. Thomson buys his partner's interest in the livery stable. John Collier purchased half interest in John Strotz' grocery store. Thomas Doak purchased J. C. Coffing's stock of books, stationery, etc. William Haw- man purchased half interest in John Sanders' grocery store. Timothy Mid- daugh purchased one-third interest in grocery store of Lingle & Follett. The removals of the year just passed are summed up as follows: E.xpress office to one door east of old stand. A. A. Goff's carpen- ter shop to Chestnut Street. Elliott & Son's restaurant into their new building. The Vindicator office to rooms over Creigh's store. Mrs. Barnes' Ladies' Bazar to old express room. McCartney & Holman's livery stable to Walnut Street. Mrs. Holland's Star Hotel moved out to Third Street. Samuel Hamer's shoe shop to corner Walnut and Third. Kinkade's barber shop to two doors east of Burr & Corn's. Jonas Brothers' butcher shop to one door west of "The Macks." Thompson & Ritche's livery stable to Third Street, opposite park. Mrs. Martin's hair dressing establishment to back rooms over post office. Mrs. Crom- well's millinery store to building three doors east of Burr & Corn's. Fires during the year were : Residence of George Duncan. Small brick residence, near the home of Major Baubie. Residence on Fourth 286 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. Street, occupied by Conductor Miller. Brick building belonging to C. E. Packard, occupied by R. B. Utter as a book store. The firms closed out during the year were : Charles Rozell, harness shop. Fist & Swike, dry goods store. Sain & Esteb, butcher shop, caused by death of Sain. In 1878, I. Havener, a prominent merchant of the town, put up on the corner of Sixth and Chestnut Streets, a substantial brick residence, at a cost of about five thousand dollars. Judge Thomas E. Turney's spacious and elegant residence at the west end of Fourth Street, was put up in the same year. J. L. Freeman's residence, on the corner of Fourth and Harris, cost three thousand five hundred dollars. There are numerous other residences in different parts of Cameron, that have teen erected at different periods between 1870 and i83i, worth three thousand dollars and upwards. Not less than one hundred resi- dence buildings, generally of a superior character, were erected within the limits of the town during the summer of 1881. Prominent among these are L. De Steiger's, a four thousand dollar frame structure on the north boundary of the town, modern in all its appointments, and of ornate finish. William Shaw's residence, an elaborate gothic frame, cost about five thousand dollars. It stands on the corner of Fourth and Chestnut Streets, fronting the park on its northeast corner. On the corner of Fourth and Cherry, Solomon Musser is (1881) laying the foun- dation for a residence to eclipse all its predecessors in Cameron. This is to front the park at its northwest corner. George Shutt's extensive two-story frame residence, west of Judge Turney's, at the extreme west end of Fourth Street, cost about four thousand dollars. Silas H. Corn's home, on Walnut Street, was completed in 1881, at a cost of about four thousand dollars. A large double brick tenement building on Pine Street, was commenced by ex-Governor Smith a short time previous to his death, and was afterwards, in 1881, completed by his heirs. C. A. Le Brant's residence was also completed in 1881. Its cost was about four thousand dollars. There is no town in the state of the population of Cameron with as many superior residence buildings as Cameron already has, and the spirit of improvement in this direction. Previous to the great fire of 1871, the principal business quarter of Cameron was Walnut Street from the depot northward. On the rebuild- ing of the town, immediately after, the business seemed to take the direction of Third Street, from Walnut westward, a locality which was rapidly built up with excellent brick houses, which now extend several blocks to the Combs House. Walnut Street was but partially rebuilt. The only business houses of any importance there now (188 1), are the large drug, queensware and HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. 28/ hardware house of Conwa\-, nml the hide store of . The lofty and spacious brick structure of tlie Cameron Hotel stands in bold relief on this street cornering on Third, while, just below, on the opposite side, is a livery stable. Below this, fronting the railroad track near the old, or eastern depot, is the pioneer hotel of the town, since enlarged and now known as the Western House. OCCURRENCE OF OCTOBER 24, 1 874. Cameron, from the earliest period of its history, has been known as a quiet, orderly town. The most notable ripple in the even tenor of its way occurred on the evening of Saturday, October 24, 1874. In those days the trains of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad stopped for meals at the Combs' dining rooms, immediately opposite the depot, and in the rear of the Combs House. On the evening in question, many of the passengers had gone into supper, while others were in the cars quietly waiting the moment of starting. Suddenly the train divided, and, without a moment's warning, the engine and tender, with baggage and express car, and, perhaps, one coach, pulled out under full head of steam, to the amazement of passengers and bystanders. In fact, the train had been boarded by robbers with a view to securing as booty a considerable sum of money known to be shipped on the same. A slight accident however, disconcerted their well planned scheme. It appears that the express messenger had, but a moment before, left the train ; and as they had counted on finding him in the car, and thus opening the safe with the key in his possession, they had provided themselves with no means for breaking or blowing it open. They were not long comprehending the situation, and by the time the train had reached a tank a mile or two east, they discovered their discomfiture and jumped off C. Nicholson, the bag- gage man, whom, it appears, they had mistaken for the messenger, then reversed the engine and brought back the train to Cameron. As may be imagined, the excitement was intense. Various suggestions were then, and have been, subsequently, offered explanatory of the outrage. Several suggested, as a matter of course, the James boys, others the Youngers, or, as the imagination dictated, the Older boys. There are, also, others who then, and now believe, that, as the occurrence transpired during a heated political campaign, the whole was a well planned scheme gotten up for political effect. Be the matter as it may, it is certain that the origin or cause of the affair has remained to this day a profound mys- tery. It was on the occasion of the congressional race between Rea and Thompson. Hon. I. C. Parker, of St. Joseph, since United States District Judge in Arkansas, had spoken on the issues of the day, and in behalf of the Republican nominee, to a large audience in Bauble's hall, and had just started for the Hannibal & St. Joseph depot, on his way 288 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. home ; and Governor Woodson had, that day, passed through Cameron on his way to Gallatin, to discuss the respective claims of the two par- ties. The coincidence, under the circumstances, was the occasion of no small amount of jocularity- at the expense of the distinguished gentle- men. CHAPTER XV. SKTTLEMEXT of La FAYETTE TOWNSHIP-STEWARTSVILLE. This township, tlie northwestern division of Clinton Count}-, is bounded on the north by DeKalb County, on the east by Platte Town- ship, on the south by Atchison Township and on the west by Buchanan Count)-. The general aspect of its surface is gently undulating, and though including a considerable extent of timbered land, is generally a prairie district. It is well watered by Castile Creek, Wild Cat Branch and other tributaries, along and in the immediate neighborhood of which the valuable timber of this section is commonly found. The impro\-ements in the waj- of farm buildings are generally above the average of this countr\-, and fully equal to those of neighboring town- ships. Located in the extreme northwestern corner of the county, it was not generally as early settled as other sections of the same. Some among the first, however, of the early pioneers made their homes in this part of what is now Clinton County. It is generally believed that the first to locate there was a man by the name of Jink Vesser. He was a sort of Daniel Boone, with little relish for neighborly intercourse. The exact period of his arrival, as also that of his departure, is not definitely known. Matthew Everett and David Holmes, the latter probably the first blacksmith in this section of country, came about 1836. In 1838, when Frank W'ilkinson arrived from North Carolina, Jink Vesser had been some time gone, but his dilapidated cabin still stood on the bank of Castile Creek, two and a half miles south of the site of the pre>enc town of Stewartsville. In the same year, or, perhaps a short time previoush-, Jonathan Roberts had made a settlement near what is now the center of the township. He was especially noted among the pioneers for his long- winded yarns. These stories are said to have been often so long that not infrequently the beginning was forgotten before the close was reached. James Pickett, who had come to Missouri with Frank Wilkin- son from North Carolina, in 1837, when he settled in Clay County ; also moved to what is now- La Fayette Township, of Clinton County, in 1838. The site of the present town of Stewartsville, the limits of which extend to the north boundarj- line of Clinton County, was, in that day, the great stand for deer. Pickett was the champion marksman of all that countr\-. and man\- a noble stag here fell a xictim to his skill. 290 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. Besides deer, troops of wolves roamed over the country, and wild tur- keys without end abounded in every quarter. The settlers who arrived in 1838 spoke of finding elk horns, occasionally, in the woods, but the animals themelves seem to have disappeared about that period, and had probably either been exterminated by the red man, or driven to the Missouri River. The Pottawattamies and Kickapoo Indians as late as 1838, and even subsequently, returned from time to time on hunting expeditions for the game that yet largely abounded. These rendered themselves so objectionable to the white settlers by their petty depreda- tions, especially in the matter of corn stealing, that on more than one occasion it became necessary for the latter to band together and thrash out the intruders. Among the pioneers was James Blackeby, who came from Ken- tucky, in 1838, and settled in the neighborhood. He continued to reside there till the breaking out of the civil war, when he moved to Ray County, Missouri, and thence back to Kentucky, where he afterwards died. Frank Wilkinson, above referred to as coming from North Carolina, brought with him several children : W. C. Wilkinson, born in 1829, and is still (1881) living on a fine farm of 320 acres, one mile south of Stew- artsville ; John P., living two and a half miles in the same direction ; Susan Jane, wife of Johnson Errett, now living in Platte Township, near the west line of the same ; Thomas L., who died in 1845, in the same year in wnich he lost his father; Elizabeth, wife of Ramsay, living in Oregon ; James A. was born in Clinton County. Jack Perkins settled, in 1839, about seven miles south of Stewarts- ville. His house was, for years, the only stopping place between that neighborhood and Plattsburg, a distance of fourteen miles. In those days of sparse settlements, a house or log raising was an event which demanded the summoning of neighbors irom five to ten miles, and two days' riding was often required to see and warn the widely scattered neighborhood. The earnest friendliness and generous self-denial which characterized those pioneer days were marked features of the same, and are often referred to with a sentiment of regret by the few of those early settlers who yet survive. Robert McDaniel, also from North Carolina, and an uncle of W. C. Wilkinson, came to the neighborhood in 1840, as did also William Walker, both of whom are dead. Mrs. Mary Walker, a sister the pioneer, Frank Wilkinson, died in the spring of 1 881, at the advanced age of upwards of seventy years. About the year 1840, Alexander Vaughn arrived from Virginia, also John McDaniel and Nathaniel Crane. Roland Hankins, of Ohio, came in the following year. He after- wards put up a horse mill, the first erected within the present limits of HISIOKV OF CLINTON COUNTV. 29I the township. It was a small affair, ilesigiicd for grinding corn, thougli it was occasional!)- used for wheat. Tiie bolting was done by hand. The location of this pioneer enterprise was about the center of the present township of La F"ayette, near the head of the McGuire Branch, a tribu- tary of Casteel Creek. In 1881, one of the original burrs of this mill was l)ing near its former site. We have referred to the first blacksmith shop as erected by Davitl Holmes. This was probably just over the line in Platte Township. The first shop opened within the present limits of La Fayette Townshij), was by Frank Wilkinson, who had previously worked in the shop of D.ivid Holmes, half a mile across the present line, and two and a half from his residence. SCHOOLS. The first school in La Fayette Township was taught by one Jack- man, in a log house built first for a residence, and used for the purpose of a school in 1840. It was three miles south by east of Stewartsville. Among the first who attended this school were W. C. and John P. Wil- kinson, several children of John Church, since dead ; also scxeral daughters of Matthew and Rebecca Everett. Matthew Everett, a native of North Carolina, mo\ed first to Ken- tucky, thence to Clay County, Missouri, and in 1836, from Clay to Clinton County, where he still (1881) continues to reside, four and a half miles southeast of Stewartsville, at the advanced age of over eighty-four years. Mrs. Everett also lives, and is now eighty years of age. Her maiden name was Lafoon. She was twice married. The name of her first husband was Church. The first to preach the gospel in La Fayette Township was an itin- erent Methodist minister by the name of Southward, and his first sermon was delivered in 1838. The first to practice medicine in the township was Ur. Thomas Yellowby, as early as 1836, when the Mormons were occupying Var West. He died in 1873, in DeKalb County. The first physician to locate in the township was probably Dr. Chap- pell. He moved to the south before the civil war. The first to organize a church within the ])resent limits of LaFayette Township were the Missionary Baptists, about the year 1841. Rev's Rigg and Dunnagan were the organizers. Among the original members were Matthew Everett and wife, Rebecca, Coram and wife, Roland Hankins and wife. It was then and for several subsequent years known as the Church of the Little Flock. Their place of organization was the original log school house in which Jackman taught the first school in the 292 HISTORY OF CI-INTOX COUNTY. township before referred to. The buildhig was first erected by one Coram for a dwelling. He becoming dissatisfied, left, after selling the land to William Church, who permitted the house to be used for relig- ious and educational purposes. The building was onh- 14 b\- 16 feet, too small even in that early day to meet the demands of the neighbor- hood. It is reported that the ladies generally filled the house, and the men contented themselves bj^ listening to the services from the door and windows. The congregation subsequently, in conjunction with the Methodists, put up, about two and a half miles southwest of the old school house, a small union church, also a log building. They continued to worship here for several succeeding years. About 185 i, they erected the present Lebanon Church, a brick, 40 by 60 feet in extent, on the north boundar\- of the southeast quarter of section 9, township 56, range 32 west, four and a half miles south of Stewartsville. The second church organized within the limits of what is now La Fayette Township, was the old school Presbyterian Church. This organization was effected by Rev. Louis Thompson, No\ember 19, 1843,, at the residence of the late Francis Wilkinson who died, as before stated, in 1845, at his home, two and a half miles southeast of Stewarts- ville. The original members were Francis Wilkinson, Joseph Venable, who died of yellow fever in Memphis, Tennessee, in the fall of 1879; Mrs. Elizabeth C. Wilkinson, widow of Francis W., and still (i88i) living at an advanced age ; Miss Frances Wilkinson, who died in 1845 ; Miss Mary Walker, who died in April, 1881 ; James Gregg, and Mrs. Jane Gregg, who died in 1846 ; George C. Venable, Mrs. Mary -Venable, since dead ; Miss Elizabeth Venable, who afterwards married Henry Cochran, and died in 1847 '< John Venable, James C. Clay water, also dead, and Alonzo Beck. They continued to worship at this residence till 1 85 1, when they built a log church on the old burial ground in Clin- ton County, a short distance southeast of the limits of the present town of Stewartsville. The Old School Presbyterian Board of Missions con- tributed one hundred and fiftj- dollars towards building this log church, the balance was accomplished by private subscriptions and donations of work. They continued to worship in this building till the year i860, when they erected the brick edifice in Stewartsville. The old log church was subsequently moved away. The old burial ground in which it stood still remains in plain view of the town of Stewartsville. It includes three acres of ground, and was donated to the Old School Presbyterian Church, by whom it is still owned, about the year 185 1, by DeBerry, of Platte County. Samuel C. Clark and George C. Venable were the first trustees. For many years it was used as a public cemetery. At length, in 1875, it was again laid out in lots, and James Clark, Robert Pickett and James Wilkinson, were appointed trustees. The first burial in this cemetery was of the body of Mrs. America Clark, October 15, 1851 . IIISTOKV OF CLINTON COL'NTV. 293 The brick church in Stewartsville was sold fortlcbt, during the civil war, and bought in by the agent of D. M. McDonald, now of St. Joseph, ^lissouri, who after the close of the war sold it to the M. E. Church, who rebuilt it in 1 88 1. The Old School Presbyterians rented the use of the building for stated Sundays in each month, and continued so to use it till the building of Unity Church, in 1870 : The ministers of the church have been, Rev. Robert Scott, in 1844, succeeded, in 1857, by Rev. C. A. Wylie, who remained in charge of the congregation till after the war, when he was succeeded by the Rev. A. P. Foreman. The present (1881) pastor is Rev. J. P. Foreman. » Independence Cumberland Presbyterian Church stands on section 23, township 57, range 33, about three miles west of Stewartsville, and less than one-half mile south of the DeKalb County line. It has a present (1881) membership of si.Kt)-, under the pastorate charge of Rev. O. D. Allen. The building, a frame, cost about $1,500. The church was organized between 185 i and 1857. The "congregation of disciples " known as Bethany Church, was formed in i860 by the association of the following persons: R. G. McDaniel and wife, AC. Cook and wife, Philip Hudson and wife, Wil- liam Adams and wife, Stephen Chance, and CD. Brown and wife, who met monthly at Mount Zion Church, a house of worship built by the Separate Baptists. During the period of the civil war they continued to meet monthly, and were occasionally preached to by Elders S. S. Trice and G. R. Hand until 1867, when the congregation organized with Dicky Hudson and AC. Cook as elders, and Richard G. McDaniel, Philip Hudson and James Mann, deacons. In the fall and winter of 1869 they built their present church, which they named Bethany, Elder J. A. Meng holding the first meeting in the new house Christmas week, 1869. The ministers in succession of this church have been Elders S. S Trice, G. R. Hand, J. J. Wyatt, G. W. Longan, B. Waller, W. D. Jourdan and S. P. Johnson. The present (1881) membership is 151. The Sunday school connected with this church has an average attend- ance of fifty. A history of Clinton County would be incomplete without some reference to the important town of STEW.ARTSVII.I.K, which is situated in DeKalb County, and whose limits extentl to the line of La Fayette Township of Clinton County. Like many other towns of greater or less importance, it had its origin in an attempt to start a settlement elsewhere. The founder of the town was George Tetherow, now (1881) a resident of the northern part of DeKalb County. It was named by him Tetherowtown, but the name was after- 294 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. wards changed to Stewartsville in honor of Robert M. Stewart, the originator of the I-fannibal and St. Joseph Raih'oad, and afterwards Governor of the state. Mr. Tetherow was one of an enterprising few who had previously attempted to start a town on Third Fork, which rejoiced in the euphonious cognomen of Doodleville, so styled in honor of Doodle Evans, Esq., a noted distiller, and one of the founders of the place. Soon after the removal of Mr. Tetherow to the site of his new town the Doodlevillians abandoned their prospective metropolis, whose budding honors were forthwith transferred to Tetherowtown. The first building erected in what is now Stewartsville was put up by George Tetherow, in 1853, and long served the purposes of a residence and hotel. This house, which stands on the corner of Second and Casteel Streets, on the south side of the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad track, is a large weatherboarded story-and-a-half log house, and is now (1881) owned and occupied by C. L. Fowler, Esq., editor and publisher of the Stewartsville Independent. In 1853, the town was laid out by George C. Venable, county surveyor. The first business house in the place was also erected b}- Tetherow, a short time after. It was a build- ing on the shant)- order, in which he sold groceries and whisky, chiefly the latter. Among the earliest to engage in mercantile business in Stewartsville were D. M. McDonald, now of St. Joseph ; O. H. P. Gibson, now engaged in farming in Clinton County, Missouri ; John Oldacre, since dead, and R- J- Biggerstaff, who subsequently moved to Iowa. The extensive tree and plant nursery which adjoins the town on its west boundary, and now constitutes an important feature of that class of enterprise in this section of country, was established by John Hikes & Sons (W. H. and J. C.) in 1858. Surrounded by a magnificent agricultural country, with the speedy promise of a railroad connecting it with the east and west, the town of Stewartsville soon became a fixed fact. It has since continued steadily to advance, developing a prosperit)- which renders it (i88i), with its population of eleven hundred, full)- the equal of any town of correspond- ing pretensions to importance in the state, while the credit of its busi- ness men is proverbiallj- excellent. The second hotel built in Stewartsville was erected by C. W. Skelton, Esq. It was first opened in 1855, as a boarding house. In the follow- ing year it was enlarged, and continued to be kept as a hotel up to the period of its accidental destruction by fire in the month of February, 1880. It was then kept by Mrs. Skelton, widow of C. W. S., who died July 8, 1879. This house, which stood near the old Tetherow house, on the street south of the railroad, was always a popular and well-kept hotel. C, W. Skelton was also engaged in the real estate business. He was an upright man, and was long recognized as a representative citizen of Stewartsville. IlISTOKV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 295 The first to sell drugs in the town was S. Hard wick, in 1857. In the same year D. M. McDonald erected on the corner of Main Street and Railroad Avenue, the first brick business house in the town. This is now occupied b}- Ed. G. Sheldon. H. P. Epperson opened in 1859, the first stove and tinware estab- lishment in the place. In the same year Colonel O. G. McDonald, a brother of D. M. Mc- Donald, opened a stock of general merchandise on the corner of Railroad Avenue and DeKalb Street. He continued in business here till 1862, when he entered the Federal service. He was also railroad land agent from 1863 till 1 8(55, when he opened his present lumberyard. Colonel McDonald is one of the enterprising and eminentl)^ successful business men of Stewartsville, and is now (1881^ the oldest citizen of the town still resident within its limits. The first blacksmith to settle within the town was \V. H. Waddell, since dead. Rev. Cary A. Wylie, of the Old School Presbyterian Church, preached the first sermon, and Daniel Conway was the first to hang out his sign as a lawyer. Dr. Henry C. Rartlett, a contractor on the Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad, at the period of its building to this place, was the first to prac- tice medicine in Stewartsville. The first church, building erected in the town was a brick structure, built, as full)- described in our notice of that organization, bj- the Old School Presb\'terians in i860. This, as before stated, subsequently became the property of the Methodist Episcopal Church, who recon- structed the building in 1881. This M. E. Church was organized in 1864, by Rev. C. Allen, with the following members: B. F. White, J. R. Pen- nington and wife, Mrs. D. A. Skelton and Susan Hikes. This church has prospered abundantly, and now has a membership of eighty. The ministers in regular succession since Rev. C. Allen have been Rev's T. K. Bratton, H. L. Beardsley, George Stocking, J. M. Parker, Oliver Wil- liams, Robert Devlin, E. F. A. Bittner, A. M. Brown, I. V. Ismond, Isaac Hill, E. Roszell and C. T. Phillips in 1881. Unit}- Church, a neat frame building on the corner of Fourth and Clinton Streets, was built in 1869 and 1870, at a cost of $5,000, by the Old School Prcsb\-terians, the Cumberland Presbyterians and the South Methodists. These denomination.s, with the Missionary Baptists, occupy the church edifice, which has a .seating capacity of 400. What is now the Methodist Episcopal Church South is the oldest religious organization in Stewartsville. It was instituted before the split in the church, and on the division in 1844, adhered to the Southern Con- ference. It was first organized at the residence of James Pickett, in 296 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. Clinton County, three-fourths of a mile south of the site of the present town, where services were held for a period of many succeeding years. About 1858, the organization moved to Stewartsville, and on the build- ing of the Old School Presbyterian (brick) Church in i86o, used the church with them till after the breaking out of the civil war, when the churches suspended. In 1867, the M. E. South Church was organized by Rev. Jesse Bird, with thirty-two members. They worshipped in the school house, about three years, up to the period of the building of Unity Church, in 1870. This they occupy every Sabbath in the month. The ministers in succession since the organization by Rev. J. Bird, have been : Rev's Jos. Metcalf, Charles Sandford, John Dusky, D. F. Bone, W. G. Keener, G. Tawquary, C. I. Van Deventer, B. C. OHowell and W. A. Hanna, the present (1881) minister. A Missionary Baptist Church was organized in Stewartsville before the civil war. The records of this association, however, were lost in those perilous days. The present church, styled the Second Baptist, was organized June 30, 1866, with William Banter and wife, W. Coffey, Abner Lee and wife, Mary Burnsides, Mrs. Justus and W. H. Standeford and wife. These were all members of the old organization of which there had been no meeting for a period of four or five years. They, first, after the war, met in the Academy school room, for the period of about si.x months, when they moved to the brick M. E. Church, in which they worshipped till 1879, when they moved to Unity Church. In i88i, they built at a cost of over $1,700, a frame church edifice of their own on the corner of Eighth and West Streets. Those who assisted at the organization of this church, other than the original members above referred to, were Elder Joseph Yates and wife and Isaiah Yates. The first minister at the reorganization was Elder Joseph Yates, who filled the pulpit till 1868, when he was succeeded by Elder Livingston, who served one year. In 1879, Elder J. W. Luke became pastor, and remained such till 1875, when he was succeeded by Elder George Everett, who preached to the congregation till 1878, when Elder J. E. Hughes took his place, preach- ing till 1880, when he was succeeded by the present (1881) minister. Elder B. F. Rice. The Cumberland Presbyterian Church, of Stewartsville, was organ- ized September i8, 1865, by Rev. W. O. H. Perry, with the following members : William E. Stagg and wife (Elizabeth), Milton H. Finch and wife, James W. Brazington and wife, Lorenzo T. Perry and wife, Mrs. Lizz Perry, W. C. Perry and wife, Sarah Perry (now Mrs. Shearer), George B. Perry, and Margaret Hayter. Rev. W. O. H. Perry was suc- ceeded in the pastorate, in 1870, by Rev. O. D. Allen. In August, 1872, Rev. R. D. Miller became pastor. He was succeeded May, 1875, by Rev. W. O. H. Perry. The others in succession were Rev's F. M. Miller, IIISTOKV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 297 C. B. Powers, and, in 1879, W. O. H. Perry, the present (i.SSi) minister. The membership of this church is fifty-iive. The Christian Churcli at Stewartsville. was organized March i, 1S67, with the following members : I. H. Majors, Elizabeth Majors, Laban Savage, S. S. Mathes, Walter Savage, R. I. Biggerstaff, Harley Crews, Melinda Crews, Anna Hudson, Anna White, Nancy Moore, and Mary Culbertson. I. H. Majors and Walter Savage were elected elders. R. I. Biggerstaff and S. S. Mathes were chosen deacons. The first pastor of the congregation was John W. Hopkins. Elders Rogers, Barrow, Hen- sel, Cartwright, Trice, Ellis, Pickerell, Holmes, Martin, and others, have, in succession, since served the church in that capacity. The con- gregation is now (1881) erecting, on the corner of Ninth and Clinton Streets, a frame building for a place of worship. This will cost about $1,500. J. H. Snow is superintendent of the Union Sabbath School, which meets every Sunday morning, in Unity Church. It is a large, well conducted and prosperous organization. L. T. Moulton superintends the largeh- attended Methodist Epis- copal Sunda\' School, which meets at their church every Sunday after- noon. INCORPOR.ATION. The town -of Stewartsville was incorporated, in i860, by act of the legislature, but, during the late civil war, the officers elect failed to qualify, and the town remained without any corporate authority till 1869, when, at the solicitation of the business men, the same was revived, through the aid of the representative in the legislature from DeKalb County. It enjoys a liberal charter. The first mayor, under the renewed charter, was C. W. Skelton, PLsq., who held the position two years, till 1872. His successors, in turn, have been Colonel O. B. McDonald, J. B. Smith, E. Sears, C. W. Skelton, again, in 1876; Harley Crews, in 1877; H. S. Buck, in 1879 ; J. W. Anderson, in 1880; and Colonel H. S. Buck, in 1881. INSTITUTIONS 01" I.E.\RNING. The public schools of the town, during the war, here, as elsewhere, ceased to be maintained. The same were revived January I, 1866, by the opening, in the southern part of the town, on the Clinton County line, of a school taught by Hon. W. H. Haynes, subsequently representa- tive from DeKalb County in the State Legislature. Three or four years after, the directors purchased, at a cost of $1,500, a small brick house, originally built by the Congregationalists for a church, but subsequently abandoned, as they failed to make a success of their attempt at organi- zation. The district then had two separate school buildings, in which 298 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. schools were taught by different teachers. In 1875, the frame building was moved northward, and joined with the brick school house. The institution then organized under the village act as a graded school. Its first principal was Professor J. S. McKee. In 1876, he was succeeded by Professor W. M. Stigall, now a prominent druggist of the town. Z. T. Wilson succeeded him in 1877. L. T. Moulton, the next to hold the position, taught from 1878 to 1881, when he was succeeded by Professor W. C. Lint, the present (1881) principal, who reports a total member- ship of all grades, and both sexes, of 133 pupils. The school board of 1881 includes H. S. Buck, President; O. G. McDonald, secretary; Dr. A. J. Culbertson, Treasurer ; J. H. Snow, D. J. Ireland and John W. Bennett. The institution, known as Stewartsville College, was first opened in the fall of i860, as Stewartsville Academy, by Professor John A. E. Summers. He taught one year. The breaking out of the civil war sus- pended the institution, and no school was conducted within its walls till the fall of 1863, when Rev. W. O. H. Perry bought the building, and opened the Stewartsville Seminary. The original structure, a two story frame, 30 by 46 feet, cost $1,800. In 1879, Professor Perry greatly enlarged the building, giving to it a two story frontage of eighty-four feet. It contains twenty-five rooms, and includes a boarding depart- ment. The entire cost of the building, with additions, was about $5,000. It is situated on a beautiful campus of four acres, well set with ever- green and other trees. The environs also include an orchard. An additional building, for the purpose of a ladies' boarding house, was erected on the grounds, in 1880, at a cost of $500. The institution was chartered May 21, 1879, as Stewartsville College, and as such empow- ered to confer degrees in the arts. It includes an attendance of over one hundred students of both sexes. The old flouring and saw mill owned by Walter Thompson, and sit- uated in the southeast corner of the town, on the Clinton County line, was built before the war, and for many years after was the only mill in the place. It was for some time suspended, but was started again in the fall of 1881, by Todd Calvert. The mill has two run ot burrs. The new City Mill, on the corner of Seventh and West Streets, was completed and in operation July I, 1 88 1, by John E. Luettke. It has two run of burrs, and a capacity for grinding tweaty-five barrels of flour per day and two hundred bushels of corn. Its cost was $4,000. Mr. Luettke formerly operated a mill on the Clinton County side of the rail- road track, in Osborn. POSTMASTERS, ETC. The first postmaster of Stewartsville was O. H. P. Gibson, appointed in 1853. He was succeeded in 1861, by J. G. Downs. Mrs. J. G. Downs, IIISTOUV Ol- CMNTON COL'NTV. 299 his widow, held the office from 1861 till 1S62, when she was succeeded by H. F. White. Eph. Sears succeeded him in 1S65, and held the office till 1870, when he was succeeded by A. G. Crews. In 1874, Walter Sav- ajje held the office one month, and was succeeded by John A. Dcppin. June 3, 187S, the present postmaster (J. H. Wheat) succeeded. The first to hold the jjosition of railroad agent there was D. M. McDonald, appointed in 1858. In i86i,hewas succeeded by Colonel O. G. McDonald. In the same year, J. A. E. Summers succeeded. H. C. Hikes was appointed in the fall of 1863. In the same year, O. G. McDon- ald was a second time appointed. He continued to hold the office till 1 866, when he was succeeded by Joseph Entrican. In 1868, O. M. Com- fort became station agent. His successors, in turn, were William Burk, Hriggs, J. B. Durett, and in 1875, .J. H. Wheat, the present postmaster. Thomas O'Xeal afterwards filled the office about one month, when he was succeeded in 1878 by the present ([881) agent, J. E. Stout. SECRET .\XI) I!KNE\OLEXT SOCIETIES. Stewartsville Lodge Xo. 137, I. O. O. F., was chartered May 17, 1860, with O. G. McDonald, Dr. Hiram P. Sanders, Dr. Robert H. Smith, Charles W. Skelton and H. P. Epperson. The first to fill the office of Noble Grand was O. G. McDonald. After the organization, the follow- ing were, in September, i860, elected: Dr. Hiram P. Sanders, N. G.; Dr. Robert H. Smith, V. G.; Charles VV. Skelton, Secretary, and Hiram P. Epperson, Secretary. The present (1881) officers are Jesse W. Thorn- ton, X. G.: Alex D. McCrosky, V. G.; Rev. W. O. H. Perry, Treasurer; O. G. McDonald, Permanent and Recording Secretary. The present membership is eight)-. The\- meet in a good hall, t\\ent}--two and a half by fifty feet. Stewartsville Lodge, No. 182, A. F. & A. M., was chartered May 28, 1859, witli Daniel Conway, W. M., D. M. McDonald, S. W., and Elisha Wills, J. W. The organization went down during the war, and was not revived till 1866, when the following officers were elected : J. F. Doherty, W. M.; R. J. Biggerstafif, S. W.; R. G. Chappell, J. W.; John Jones, Treasurer ; O. H. P. Gibson, Secretary. In the following year the same officers were re-elected. In December, 1870, the following officers were elected: Joseph Chrisman, W. M.; John F. Doherty, S. W.; J. W. Jones, J. W.; S. B. Stagg, Treasurer ; Jas. C. Ritchey, Secretary ; Chas. Etsch- man, Tyler. The election of December. 1871, was as follows: Josejih Chrisman, W. M.; Chas. Etschman, S. W.; John Clark, J. W.; J. C. Ritchey, Secrctarj- ; Ben. DeAtley, S. D.; F. G. McCrosky, J. D.; G. L. Fisher, Tyler. December, 1872, the election resulted as follows : L. M. Mullen, W. M.; T. G. McCrosky, S. W.; B. F. DeAtley, J. W.; Dr. A. J. Culbertson, 300 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. Treasurer; Wm. Clark, Secretary : H. S. Buck, S. D.; E. Wills, J. D.; Geo. L. Fisher, Tyler. In December, 1873, the following were elected : Joseph Chrisman, W. M.; T. G. McCrcsky, S. W.; John F. Clark, J. W.; Dr. A. J. Culbert- son, Treasurer; W. A. Clark, Secretary; B. F. DeAtley, S. D.; A. D. McCrosky, J. D., and George L. Fisher, Tyler. The election December, 1874, was as follows: Joseph Chrisman, \V. M.; Thomas G. McCrosky, S. W.; Dr. J. C. Ritchey, J. W.; Dr. Andrew J. Culbertsoii, Treasurer; John W. Laffoon, Secretary; B. F. DeAtley, S. D.; A. D. McCrosky, J. D., and Joseph A. Clark, Tyler. December 27. 1875, the following were elected: T. G. McCrosky, W. M.; Wm. A. Clark." S. W.; W. H. Fields, J. W.; Dr. A. J. Culbertson, Treasurer; John W. Laffoon, Secretary; H. S. Buck, S. D.; A. D. McCrosky, J. D., and E. Wills, Tyler. . December, 1876, the officers elected were Joseph Chrisman, W. M.; William A. Clark, S. W^; H. S. Buck, J. W.; A. J. Culbertson, Treasurer; Thomas G. McCrosky, Secretary; E. Wills, Tyler. December, 1877, the election resulted as follows: R. G. Chappell, W. M.; Jo.seph A. Clark, S. W.; Freeland Pugh, J. W.; A.J. Culbertson, Treasurer; John F. Doherty, Secretary, and E. Wills, Tyler. December, 7, 1878, were elected: Dr. James C. Ritchey, W. M.; George Ward, S. W.; A. D. McCrosky, J. W.; A. J. Culbertson, Treas- urer ; Joseph Chrisman, Secretary, and E. Wills, Tyler. December 27, 1879, were elected : H. S. Buck, W. M.; A. D. McCrosky, S. W.; George Ward, J. W.; A.J. Culbertson. Treasurer; C. L. Fowler, Secretary ; Dr. J. C. Ritchey, S. D.; R. C. Chappell. J. D., and L. D. Smith. Tyler. December 11, 1880, the following were elected: Joseph Chrisman. W. M.; A. D. McCrosky, S. W.; R. C. Chappell, J. W.; A. J. Culbert- son, Treasurer; C. L. Fowler, Secretary; H. S. Buck, S. D.; Ed. G. Sheldon, J. D., and L. D. Smith, Tyler. The lodge and chapter both formerly met in a hall over Chrisman's drug store, on Railroad Avenue. May 3, 1881, they moved to their spa- cious and elegantly appointed hall in Ed. G. Sheldon's new building on the corner of Main and Third Streets. The Russell Royal Arch Chapter was set to work under a dispensa- tion granted by the G. R. A. C. of Missouri, December 4, 1872, with J F. Doherty, H. P.; H. S. Buck, K., and Josh Dean, S. November 5 1873, the same was chartered as Russell Royal Arch Chapter No. T] with the same officers. December, 1874, the following were elected : H. S. Buck, H. P. James M. Dillard, K.; John W. Jones, S.; T. G. McCrosky, C. H.; H. W. Field, R S.; B. F. Sanders, R. A. C; E. Wills, G. M. third V.; W M. Bur- chell, G. M. second V.; N. B. Coffev, G. M. first V.,and G. L. Fisher, Guard. HISTOKV OK CI.TNTOX COUNTV. 3OI December 15, 1S75 : The officers elected were H. S. Buck, II. P.; T. (i. McCrosky. K.; W. H. Field, S.: John R. Norton, Treasurer: James C. Ritchey, Secretary; Joseph Chrisman, C. H.; R. G. Chappcll, P. S.; A. D. McCrosky, R. A. C; A. J. Culbertson, G. M. third V.; Joseph Clark, G. M. second V.; \Vm. A. Clark, G. M. first V., and E. Wills, Guard. December, 1S76, the election was as follows: Joseph Chrisman, H. P.; J. F. Doherty, K.: \V. H. Field, S.; R. G. Chappell, Treasurer ; H. S. Buck, P. S.; A. J. Culbertson, C. H.: J. C. Ritchey, R. A. C; \V. H. Field, G. M. third V.; Joseph Clark, G. M. second V.; \V. A. Clark, G. M. first v., and Elisha Wills, Guard. December, 1877: A. D. McCrosky was chosen H. P.; R. G. Chaj)- pell, K.; J. W. Jones, S.; A. J. Culbertson, Treasurer, and John F. Doherty, Secretary. December 4, 1878, the election was as follows : Dr J. C. Ritche)', H P.: R G. Chappell, K ; J W Jones, S ; A. D. McCrosky, C H,; H. S Buck, P S,: A J Culbertson. Treasurer, and J. Chris- man, Secretary December 24, 1879, the following were elected: W. H. F'ields, H. P.; R. G. Chappell, K.; E. Wills, S.; AD. McCrosky, C. H ; H S. Buck, P. S.; A. J Culbertson, Treasurer; Joseph Chrisman, Secre- tary; J. C. Ritchey, R. AC; George Ward, G M. third V ; Ed. G. Sheldon, G. M. second V.; J. C Minor, G M. first V., and S. B Clark, Guard. December, 1880: The above officers were all re-elected Electa Chapter No 15. Order of Eastern Star, Adoptive Masonry, meets in the Masonic Hall Mrs Louisa Buck, W M., and J C. Ritchey, Secretary Third Fork Grange No 605, Patrons of Husbandr\-, meets the first Saturday in each month In 1881 Luke Thornton is Master, and W' T Thompson, Secretary. The present (1881) business of StewartsviUe is comprehended in the follow ing : On Railroad Avenue: Harley Crews, established June, i860, dealer in furniture; James R. Balk, restaurant, 1881 ; D. J. Ireland, general mer- chant and dealer in millinery, established in 1870. Ed. G. Sheldon, on the corner of Main Street, general merchant and dealer in agricultural implements, established in the fall of 1875, does the largest mercantile business of anj- house in the county ; he keeps constantly in his employ twenty clerks, and has three men traveling in the interest of his agri- cultural implement trade ; his grocery and hardware house, a brick building, fronts twenty-two and one-half feet on Railroad Avenue and extends back ninety feet on Main ; the dry goods department, twenty- fi\e bj- sixt>-fi\e feet, fronts on Main and adjoins the other building ; it is an elegant frame, the second story of which is occupied as before 302 HISTORY OF CLIXTON COUNTY. stated by the Masonic Hall ; Mr. Sheldon's annual business amounts to $135,000. Joseph Chrisman, dealer in drugs and general merchandise, established in 1S60, and Caspar Gantz, boot and shoemaker, are both on Railroad Avenue. L. D. Smith, dealer in drugs, established in 1866, on Railroad Avenue, is now located in a brick building on Main Street. B. F. White & Son, dealers in stoves, hardware and groceries, established in 1880 ; B. F. White started in the stove and hardware business in 1862. J. A. Clark & Son, dealers in drugs, etc., established September, 1879. Captain H. S. Buck, banker, and one of the solid men of Northwest Missouri, established in 1875. Anderson & Deppen, grocers and meat dealers, 1881 ; they are both old citizens of the town. Dr. A. J. Cul- bertson, formerly a practicing physician of the town, and, at one time, a dealer in drugs, established in general merchandise in 1876. J. H. Wheat, postmaster, and dealer in stationery, established in 1875. Mrs. J. C. Book, milliner, 1877. There are two hotels in the place, one kept by F. M. Lucas, and the other by Mrs. M. L. Crane. Henry Elbert, jeweler. S. Householder, meat market. Samuel Devall, tailor, estab- lished in 1869. B. F. Berkley, liver\' stable, 1880. F. M. Lucas, harness and saddler shop, 1865. John A. Deppen & Co., dealers in general mer- chandise, established September, 1879. James Shearer, manufacturer of saddles, harness, etc., established February. 1870. Felix Nierman, City Restaurant, 1880. Professor W. M. Stigall, established in the drug business in 1879; completed, at a cost of $3,000, and occupied his new building on Main Street in September, 1881 ; this is the largest and handsomest store in the county devoted exclusively to the business of drugs and books ; the lofty apartments of the upper floor constitute the residence of the proprietor, and are spacious and modern in style, two large parlors communicating, with double sliding doors, etc., being a feature of the internal arrangements. On Fourth Street, is the lumber yard of Colonel O. G. McDonald, established in 1865 ; also, the black- smith and wagon shop of P. Schmitt, established in 1869. On the same street, west of Main, is the gallery of J. H. Meriam, one of the best photographers in the country. Jacob Smith, also, runs a blacksmith and machine shop on the same street ; G. Hilderbrand, also, carries on a shop. The practicing physicians of Stewartsvile are : Dr. R. H. Smith, established in 1856 ; Dr. J. C. Ritchey, in 1866 ; Dr. J. C. Book, in Decem- ber, 1865; Dr. J. C. Bynum, in October, 1880. A. McCallum, dentist, estab- lished in 1881. The bar of Stewartsville is represented in the persons of Colonel Henry Baker, W. A. Taylor, and H. W. Haynes. Capt. H. S. Buck, and W. M. Stigall, the druggist, are justices of the peace ; the latter is, also, president of the township board and notary public. Numerous attempts to establish a newspaper in Stewartsville had, from time to time, been made, and each and all proved complete fail- ures, till the advent of C. L. Fowler, in 1875. Starting under the dis- HISTORY OF el.lXTON COUNTY. 3O3 couratjement tif numerous prccciiiiiL,^ failures, liis venture was considered a hazardous undertaking. Pluck and journalistic ability, however, have succeeded in placing the Independent on a solid basis, and the people of Stewartsville have no little cause to be proud of their home paper, which is certainly equal to the best published in the count)'. The Independent Office also turns out excellent job work. As a shipping point, Stewartsville is no insignificant factor in the great aggregation of the Hannibal & St. Joseph road. The books show, for the year ending November, 188 1, shipped from the station, of live stock, 373 car loads ; grain, 158 car loads ; miscellaneous, 8 car loads ; making a total of 539 car loads. Receipts during the same period: lum- ber, 85 car loads ; coal, 27 car loads ; brick, 10 car loads ; salt, 10 salt ; wagons and agricultural implements, 18 car loads ; merchandise, 10 car loads ; flour, 7 car loads; total, 167 car loads. A prominent, and one of the most attractive features of the town is the number and superior character of its private residences. Among the older of these is the brick home of Mrs. D. Saunders, which cost about $5,000. The residence of J. H. Snow, formerly a leading merchant of the place, was put up in 1880. It stands on Railroad Avenue, and shows well. Captain H. S. Buck also completed, in the same year, a spacious and elegant residence on the south side of the same street. To Devall's residence, on Main Street, we have already referred. Rob- ert Chappell completed his house in 1881. Dr. Culbertson's residence is also a prominent feature of the town ; as is, also. Col. McDonald's and R. H. McVVilliams'. Among the older buildings, the brick residence of Dr. J. C. Ritchey is a conspicious landmark from its elevated situation, overlooking the business quarter of the city. CHAPTER XVI. PLATTE TOWNSHIP, the central of the three northern divisions of Clinton Count)-, is bounded on the north by DeKalb County, on the east by Shoal Township, on the south by Concord and on the west by La Fayette Township. The general surface of the country included within its limits is similar to that of Shoal, already described. It is about three-fourths prairie and one- fourth timber. Though in point of agricultural excellence equal to any other section of the county, from its comparatively remote situation, it was less early settled than other localities of the same. Among the first to settle within its limits was William Holmes, about 1836, who located on Casteel Creek. Thornton Gwinn, from Ken- tucky, came in the spring of 1840. About the same time came Jonathan Roberts, who died in 1880, at the advanced age of ninety years. He was a native of Tennessee, and told wonderful tales of his early experience in hunting deer, bear, catamounts and foxes. He was also a noted bee hunter. David Holmes, another noted pioneer, was among the earliest settlers, and lived to an extremely advanced age. Several others settled about this period in the vicinity. Joseph Duncan, from Kentucky, arrived in the spring of 1852, and settled on section 33, township 57, range 31. About the same period came Ale.xander Gordon, who died in St. Joseph, in 1879, William Irwin and Henry Githens. Of these Mr. Duncan is the only survi\-or. Stephen Duncan, who came from Bourbon County, Ken- tucky, settled in what is now Platte Township, in 1855. He died April, 1877. He was the father of S. C. Duncan, H. Clay Duncan and P. S. Duncan, also of B. M. Duncan, now (1881) in the commission business in Chicago, and of Martha A., now Mrs. Glossip. Among the other earl)- settlers were Thomas Walker and James T. Phelps, who came from Kentucky in 1857. Bill)- Smith, who came before any of these, and who kept the first tavern in the township, was a noted citizen of the township, and one of its earliest settlers. The oldest religious association within the limits of what is now the Township of Platte, is the Round Prairie Methodist Episcopal Church South, nine miles south of Osborn, and two and a half miles west of Turney. It was organized in 1848. Other denominations assisted, but the first to hold services in the church were the Methodists. The organizers of the M. E. Church South, here, were Thomas Gray, IIISTORV OK CLINTON COUNTV. 305 Eldridge Potter, grandfather of Dr. Potter, now (1881) a prominent phy- sician of Cameron, Charles K. Powell, R. C. Parrott, and William Mor- row, familiarl)- known as " Uncle Billy." The church building, a frame structure, 25 by 35 feet in extent, was erected, in 1850, by contributions of money, material and labor, from all the neighboring settlers, who unanimously and liberally assisted in the enterprise, without regard to difference of creed. This pioneer structure remained on its original foundation till 1S72, when it was moved away to William Morrow's farm. In 1S79, its successor was built, at a cost of $975, from funds provided by general contribution. This church was built at Perrin, a station on the.Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad, si.x miles south by east of Osborn. The first death to occur in the township was of an old man by the name of Slemmons. He was buried in the graveyard of Round Prairie Church. Out of the pioneer Round Prairie M. E. Church South have grown three churches, located respectively at Turney, Perrin and Osborn. About the period of the organization of Round Prairie Church, camp meetings were numerous and largely attended. Rev. John Stone generally led these meetings, assisted by Rev. Jesse Bird and Rev. M. E. Jones, afterwards presiding elder of the district included in Raj', Clinton and DeKalb Counties. Smith's Fork Baptist Church, five miles south of Osborn, was organ- ized at the old Round Prairie Methodist Episcopal Church, South, in 1S60, with Thomas F. Walker, John L. Hockensmith, Rev. James E. Hughes, and others. They remained without a building of their own for some time. In 1870, they erected at a cost of two thousand dollars, a neat, plain edifice. Among other ministers here have been Rev. John Black, from Kentucky, Rev. Asa Bird, Rev. W. C. Barrett, Rev's Hughes, Crouch, Rothwell, Yates, and in 188 1, Rev. Black, of Libert}-. The present deacons are Thomas F. Walker and J. L. Hockensmith. The membership of the church is about eight}-. The Christian Church of Round Prairie was organized in August 1859, at the Edgewood school house, by Rev. S. S. Trice, with George Phelps and Stephen Duncan as elders. Among the first members were P-mery C. Hale and wife, W. T. Devall and wife, Joseph Duncan and wife, George Phelps and wife, and Stephen Duncan and wife. The organization moved to Round Prairie in 1868, the same year in which the building, a frame forty by sixty feet, was erected at a cost of about three thousand dollars. The pastors in regular succession have been as follows : Elders S. S. Trice, A. B. Jones, Joseph A. Meng, Benjamin Lockhart, A. Pickerell and G. W. Waller, the present (1881) pastor. The church has a present membership of about one hundred. The present elders are H. Clay Duncan, E. C. Hale and William T. Devall. The deacons are Thomas T. Phelps, B. T. Simons, J. W. Glossip and P. S. Duncan. Thomas T. Phelps is treasurer and clerk. 3o6 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. The first school in Platte Township was taught by a man by the name of Tutt, in 1855. The school building, a small log house, long since moved away, was in its day the only institution of learning within a radius of many miles, and for several years the only one in Platte Township. It stood near the bridge over Smith's Fork, in the immedi- ate neighborhood of Round Prairie Church. Among the first pupils of this school were John Winstead, now (1881) a citizen of Stewartsville ; Joseph Bennett, a hardware merchant of Plattsburg ; Miss Jane Stone (deceased) a daughter of Rev. John Stone ; John T. Smith, now residing near Turney. H. Clay Duncan, the short horn breeder ; P. S. Duncan, now a resident of the old home farm : Mick Kenney, now a minister of the Missionary Baptist Church ; Thomas Huston, the children of Watson Gribble, a scone mason, and also the children of his brother, who ran a blacksmith shop. Miss Mary Jane Stone, a sister of Rev. J. S. Stone, and late the widow of Daniel T. Jones, and Miss Mattie Duncan, after- wards Mrs. Glossip, who died March 27, 1880, as well as Miss Bettie Smith, were members of this pioneer school. The latter, who subse- quently became the wife of Vint Powell, and who died some years after, was a daughter of Billy Smith, above referred to, who kept the first house of public entertainment within the limits of Platte Township. It was located about one-half mile east of Round Prairie Church, and near the original camping-ground neighborhood. It was known as Smith's Tav- ern, and was probably the first building erected in the township. This house still stands on the Cameron and Plattsburg road, two miles west of Turney Station, and is (1881) occupied as a residence by Lon. Bryant, a grandson of Billy Smith, who died about i860, at an extremely advanced age, and lies buried in Round Prairie Churchyard. It was, when built, the onl_\- public house between Plattsburg and the Grand River Country. The second school established in the township was taught by Miss Sally Hitt, about 1859. It was located on section 9, township 56, range 31. The school edifice was extemporized from an old log corn crib, with puncheon floor. The improvements added for the purpose of adapting it to its new purpose consisted of a stick chimney and one small window. This, of course, was a subscription school. It numbered about fifteen pupils, some of whom to-day are among the representative citizens of this and other counties. These included, with others, Joseph Duncan, Mrs. Thomas Turneaugh, Mrs. B. Hughes and Edgar M. Harbor, now a prominent lawyer of Trenton. The first blacksmith to locate in Platte Township was David Holmes, who is said to have been there as early as 1836. Harrison Gribble located near Smith's Tavern, about 1845, and opened a blacksmith shop. The first to preach in the township was Rev. Eppe Tillery, of the Baptist Church. The first minister of the Methodist Church was Rev. John Stone, and of the Christian Church Elder S. S. Trice. IlISTOKV OV Cl.l.NTON COUXIV. 3O7 The first physician to locate in the township was Dr. James Burr, from Virginia. lie died about the year 1.863. The first mill was built near the present site of the bridge and church, about a mile southwest of Smith's Tavern. It was a horse power saw mill, and was put up about 1850, by Billy Morrow. A short time after Leander Jones built a saw and grist mill, half a mile cast of Smith's Tavern. These mills have long since disappeared. The first steam power mill in the township was erected in 1.858, by James Burr, since deceased, and William F. Beatty, who afterwards moved to Illinois, where he died. Its location was near the mouth of McBath Creek, a branch of Smith's Fork, and in the immediate neigh- borhood of Round Prairie Church and Smith's Tavern. This mill was purchased and moved to Osborn in 1874, by John Russell, who there operated it till he sold it to Andrew Bunton, 'since deceased), who in turn, sold it to Kd. Leuttke. In the spring of 188 1 Mr. Leuttke moved the mil! to Stewartsville, as mentioned in our sketch of that town. The John Russell above referred to was an old settler of the township. He afterwards moved to St. Joseph, where he died in 1880. The Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad runs along the boundary line which separates Platte Township from DeKalb County and directly through the town of O.sborn, about one half of the site of which lies on the Clinton County side of the track. The Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad runs in a southeasterly direction through the southeast part of the township. On the line of this road in the southern part of the township, within a mile of the boundary of Concord Township, is the station ot Perrin, already referred to. Among the early settlers of the township were men of pecuniary means, as well as of superior intelligence. As the country developed, and an interest became awakened in the matter of improving the char- acter of live stock in the county, the citizens of Platte Township included some of the first to encourage and advance that class of enterprise; and, to-day, some of the finest herds of short horn Durham cattle in the state, as well as numerous droves and flocks of high graded stock are found within the limits of the same. The following are (1881) among the prominent breeders of short horn cattle in the township: H. Clay Dun- can, who recenti)- sold twent\-fi\e head, owns seventy-five superior animals. His farm is located four and a half miles southwest of Osborn. Joseph Duncan owns thirty head, the second largest herd in the town- ship. His farm is three and a half miles southwest of Osborn. James T. Phelps, who came with his father from Kentucky in 1857. has twenty- five head of short horns. John B. Killgorc, five and a half milessouth- west of Osborn, has thirty head. O'Neill Brothers, east of Perrin, and near the township line, have twenty-five or thirty head. These latter named gentlemen are from the neighborhood of Jacksonville, Illinois. 308 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. Robert Tindall, from the same localitj-, as also the Rev. Jas. E. Hughes, of Missouri, and Thomas F. Walker, are starting herds. In the northeast corner of Platte Township, on the line of the Han- nibal & St. Joseph Railroad, is the prosperous little town of Osborn, with its population of five hundred. The town was laid out by the Han- nibal & St. Joseph Railroad Company, in 1857. The first house in the place was put up by Colonel Henr)- Baker, a civil engineer employed in the construction of the road, and now (1881) engaged in the practice of law in Stewartsville. The town was named in honor of Col. William Osborn, of Waterville, New York. From being, at the period when first built, a terminal point in the then incomplete road, it early developed a considerable importance. The first shipment from this station was made by S. C. Duncan, in 1858, and consisted of several car loads of cattle shipped to Chicago. In 1S60, H. C. Duncan began to ship live stock from this station, eastward, and has continued in that business, uninter- ruptedly, to the present (1881) time, a period of twenty-one years. In 1879, he associated with himself, in this business. Captain Joseph Truex. In 1859, the young town of Osborn was a live business center. At that time, there was a line of Concord Coaches passing from its station to Kansas City, by waj- of Plattsburg. Roberts & Co. owned and operated this line. It continued to carry, besides passengers, the mail and express, each way, daily, for a period of two j-ears. At that time, in the embryo town of Kansas City, not a steam whistle was to be heard, and the only sound of a steam engine that woke the echoes of its unsightly bluffs, was uttered by the passing steamboat. In i860, S. B. Hitt opened the first lumber j'ard in Osborn. He continued to do a large business till the breaking out of the civil war, shipping lumber westward, to Stewartsville, and as far eastward as Hamilton. The first to sell goods in Osborn, were Ferguson & Harbor, who opened a general store on Baker Street, in 1858. W. L. Ferguson, the senior member of the firm, is (1881) express agent in Plattsburg, and T. B. Harbor keeps a hotel in Trenton, Missouri. Three or four years after, they sold to S. B. Hitt. In 1863, H. C. Duncan purchased a half interest in the store. In 1865, they sold to Captain Truex, who still owns the building. The first blacksmith in the place was Ed. Alair, who opened his shop in 1862. He died some years after. The first saloon in the place was kept, in i860, b\- Ben McCord, since dead. Mrs. C. A. Perry opened the first milliner shop in the town — this was in 1868. One of the early settlers of Osborn, and for years an eminently representative business man of the place, was Asa Daniels. Major Robert Hall, at one time his partner in business, also an early settler and enterprising citizen of the town, HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. 3O9 died of consumption in 1874. Besides their large trade in ijeneral mer- chandise, they were heavy grain dealers. Mr. Daniels moved to Kan- sas in 1879. Miss Nannie Harbor, daughter of T. B. Harbor, now of Trenton, Missouri, was the first child born in Osborn . Her birth occurred March 12, 1858. She is now (i88i) widow of C. Conant, at one time an engineer on the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad. Andrew Bunton kept the first eating house in Osborn. The first hotel, the Young American, was managed by Richard Wheeler, up to the period of his death, and has since continued to be kept by his widow. The building which fronts on Baker Street was put up by Col . Henry C. Baker. E. Goldsmith subsequently put up a hotel, which he kept many years. This was destroyed by fire in 1878. The first physician to locate in the town was Dr. I. B. Garrison, who came in 1859. He afterwards moved to Grant City, Worth County, Missouri, where he still (1881) continues to reside. The first sermon preached in Osborn was delivered in the railroad depot by Rev. Jesse Bird, of the M. E. Church South, in i860. The first flouring mill in the town was started in 1870 by Millbank & Cox, and was operated by them five or six years . It is a -Steam power mill, furnished with two run of burrs. It stands on the Clinton County side of the railroad, and has been idle several years. To Ed. Leuttke's mill subsequently established, and afterwards moved to Stewartsville, reference has already been made. The first postmaster of Osborn was T. B Harbor, appointed in 1859. He was succeeded in 1862 byS. B. Hitt, who held the office till 1S64, when Joseph True.x was appointed. In 1870, R. W Nicholson was appointed his successor. In 1874, he was superceded by Payne, for about three months, when he was again appointed and continued to hold the office till 1878, when the present (1881) incumbent, P. M. Hatch, Esq., was appointed. The first railroad agent appointed for Osborn station was W. L. Ferguson in 1858. In i860, Samuel B. Hitt succeeded. The latter was the first telegraph operator at this station. The others in succession were Bush, J. H. Vincent, Edward Dudley, Del Allen, W. S. Morey, C. W. Brisby, A. H. Erwin, Alex. Larkins, and the present agent, D. Batch- ellor, appointed March 22, 1881 . For several years during S. B. Hitt's administration, this was the express office for Kansas City, and for towns as far north as the state of Iowa, there being then no other rail- roads in the country. Cattle were driven to this station for shipment from points as far south as Cass County, and from six to ten car-loads of merchandise have been delivered here at one time. The shipments from this station in 1880 amounted to three hundred and nineteen car- loads of grain, and one hundred and sixty of live stock. The receipts of the office during that period averaged $1,200 per month. The Methodist Episcopal Church, of Osborn, was organized in the fall of 1867, by Rev. J. Henley, who died in Breckinridge, in 1881. The 3IO HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. second minister was Rev. T. B. Bratton, of Chillicotlic. Tiie other ministers, in succession, have been Rev's Parker, Williams, Robert Devlin, Charles Hill, R. Hales Ismond, J. Cox, Rozzell, and, in 1881, Rev. C. T. Phillips. The church edifice, a frame buildintj, was erected in 1872, at a cost of about $2,400, and was built under the direction of Elisha Goldsmith, a member of the congregation, and proprietor of the Eastern Hotel, which was accidentally destroyed b)^ fire, as before stated. The second church organized in C)sborn was the First Presbyterian. This was effected June 6, 1868, by Rev. E. B. Sherwood William E. Loring, Sidney J. Brownson, T. J. Edie, Mrs. Nancy Edie, by letter, they themselves not being present, Mrs. Harriet W. Higgins, Miss Carrie W. Higgins, Mrs. Alice A. Loring. William E. Loring was, by ballot- chosen elder, and Rev. C. W. Higgins, acting pastor, was appointed clerk. The first minister was Rev. C. W. Higgins, of New York. His successors, in turn ha\c been Rev. Thornton, Rev. E. B. Sher- wood, Rev. J. F. Clarkson. B. F. McLeod, a student of Parkville Theo- logical College, holds (1881) services in the church. The church edifice, a small frame building on Clinton Avenue, was built, in 1870, at a cost of about $1,000. The yard is shaded with evergreens, and was formerly used as a burying ground, but the bodies were afterward moved to the new cemetery, on the Clinton County side of the railroad track. The Missionary Baptist Church of Osborn was organized by Elder Robert Livingston, December i, 1870, with the' following members : Joseph Truex and wife, C. Hoffman and wife. Mrs. A. Peach, Silas H. Murray and wife. Dr. Benjamin Franklin, Thomas L Brown and wife, Emery Sheak and wife, Mrs. J. L Chapman and L. Toby. The first minister of the congregation was Rev Robert Livingston, who organ- ized the church. He was succeeded b\- Rev. D. G. Saunders, in 1873 J . Truex has been a deacon and clerk of the church since its first organ- ization . The present membership is one hundred and two. The church edifice, a neat gothic frame structure on the west side of Clintor, Avenue, opposite the public school building, was erected in 1880 at a. cost of $3,000, It is surrounded by a neat and spacious enclosure. The structure of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, on Park Street, is a small, gothic frame, of t.ejant design and faultless propor- tions. It measures thirty by forty feit, and was completed in 1873, at a cost of three thousand four hundred dollars. Its graceful spire is a prom- inent feature of the landscape viewed from a distance in any direction. The first minister of this church was Rev. H. A. Davis, of the Osborn Circuit. His successors in order have been C. Grimes, D. F. Bone, Rev. Dr. Keener, Rev. G. Tanquarrj-, Rev. C. I. VanDeventer, Rev. D. C. O'Howell, and in i88i. Rev. W. A. Hanna. The subscription for build- ing the church was started b)- Re\'. H. A. Davis, and the same was HlsrOKV OK Cl-INTON COUNTY. 3II completed under the pastorate of Rev. C. Grimes. A prosperous Sunday School is a feature of this church. The first Sunday School organized in Osborn was in 1867. It was a union school, held at the residence of Abel Lee. The superintendent, at the period of its organization, was N. J. Harvey. The assistant teachers were Mrs. Harvey, Mrs. Charles McPherson, Miss Fannj- Howard and Mrs. Abel Lee. The Sunday School was a success. Previously to the erection of the present substantial structure of the graded school the public schools of Osborn were taught in temporary and inferior buildings. The first to teach a school in the town was Miss Sally Hitt, now Mrs. James Phelps. This was in 1859. The present structure of the graded school is a neat and spacious two story brick- edifice, erected in 1873, at a cost of $7,000. It stands on the DeKalb side of the railroad track, and with the surrounding grounds, occupies the block bounded by Amelia Street, on which it fronts, Clinton Avenue, Hunt and Francis Streets. The first teacher who superintended this school was Prof Job McVeagh, a distinguished graduate of the Universit)- of Virginia. He taught there three years, when he was succeeded by A. J. Shumate, in 1876. In 1878, George Dawley became principal of the school, and continued to teach till 1879, when he was succeeded by H. Palen, the present (1881) principal. There are in the school two assist- ant teachers. The present business of Osborn includes the general store of S. B. Hill, on Baker Street, the oldest established merchant in the place. J. H. Hetherington, general stock; Hobson & Smith, hardware and gro- ceries; W. Kelley, druggist; Morse & Miles, drugs; N. Walp, boot, shoe and harness maker; F. Nieman, bakery and restaurant; Fred. Thomp- son, blacksmith, and D. S. Thompson, wagon-maker and ' blacksmith. The Young American Hotel, the only one in the place, is kept by Mrs. Wheeler, widow of Richard Wheeler, the former proprietor, who died in 1879. W. S. Moore & Co., are the only lumber dealers; John R. Leroj-, grain dealer; C. W. Curtis, dealer in stoves and tinware; Chipps & Ber- lin keep the livery stable. The largest structure in the town is the lofty and spacious business block of Captain Joseph Truex, extending from Baker Street northward on Clinton Avenue. The original build- ing, a three story structure, forty-eight feet front by fift)- feet deep, and comprising two store rooms, was erected in 1873, at a cost of between six and seven thousand dollars. In these he opened a large stock of general merchandise. In 1 881, he made an addition to this building, rendering its dimensions 72 by 84 feet. He also built an adjoining warehouse 38 by 40 feet. He also put up, on Clinton Avenue, for the purpose of a drug house, a two storj- building, 22 by 50 feet. These additions and improvements were affected at a cost of $8,000. The block includes three distinct store rooms ; The drj- goods store meas- 312 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. iires 24 by 84 feet ; the boot and shoe house is of the same dimensions ; the clothing house is 24 by 34 feet, and the grocery and hardware room, 24 by 50 ieet, with a wareroom extending back 24 by 34 feet. In the second story of this building is a public hall, 34 by 50 feet. In the third story is a Masonic Hall, 24 by 50 feet, and, adjoining, is a Knights of Pythias Hall of the same dimensions. Osborn Lodge No. 317, A. F. and A. M., was chartered October 28, 1869, by the Grand Lodge of the state. The first officers elected under that charter were : J. R. Mills, Worshipful Master ; H. C. Smith, Senior Warden ; T. B. Harbor, Junior Warden ; Jos. Truex, Treasurer ; S. B. Hitt, Secretary ; and George Walker, Tyler. Sanford Booker and J. Peach were appointed Senior and Junior Deacons. December 11, 1869, the election was as follows: Jos. Truex, Worshipful Master ; T. B. Harbor, Senior Warden ; A. S. Daniels, Junior Warden ; Jacob Peach, Treasurer ; Freeman Patten, Secretary ; and George Walker, Tyler. December 10, 1870, the following were elected : J. Truex, Worship- ful Master; A. C. Smith, Senior Warden ; J. S. Brown, Junior Warden; S. B. Hitt, Treasurer ; J. Thompson, Secretary ; and George Walker, Tyler. December, 1871, the officers elected were : A. C. Smith, Worshipful Master ; J. Thompson, Senior Warden ; J. R. Gillam, Junior Warden ; Jos. Truex, Treasurer ; F. W. Moore, Secretary. December, 1872, were elected as follows : Jos. Truex, Worshipful Master ; S. F. Carpenter, Senior Warden^ T. L. Brown, Junior Warden ; S. Booker, Treasurer ; F. W. Moore, Secretary ; and A. Fletcher, Tyler. December, 1873, the following were elected : J. Thompson, Wor- shipful Master ; S. F. Carpenter, Senior Warden ; W. Kelley, Junior Warden ; S. Booker, Treasurer ; F. W. Moore, Secrerary ; and A. Fletcher, Tyler. December, 1874, the following were elected: W. Kelley, Worshipful Master ; A. C. Smith, Senior Warden ; T. L. Brown, Junior Warden ; J. Truex, Treasurer ; J. N. Gillam, Secretary, and A. Fletcher, Tyler. December, 1875, the following were elected : Joseph Truex, Wor- shipful Master; W. Kelley, Senior Warden ; R. W. Wheeler, Junior War- den ; S. B. Hitt, Treasurer ; F. W. Moore, Secretary, and A. Fletcher, Tyler. December, 1876, the officers elected were: Joseph True.x, Worship- ful Master; W. Kelley, Senior Warden ; J. K. Parrott, Junior Warden ; A. Fletcher, Treasurer ; F. W. Moore, Secretary, arid R. L. Evans, Tyler. December, 1877, the officers were: W. Kelley, Worshipful Master; J. Truex, Senior Warden ; D. M. Hadlock, Junior Warden ; A. Fletcher, Treasurer ; F. W. Moore, Secretary, and C. Culver, Tyler. msTOKV OK CLINTON- COL-XTY. 313 December, 1878, were elected: D. M. Hacllock, Worshipful Master; h\ W. Moore, Senior Warden; J. Curtis, Junior Warden ; A. I'letcher, Treasurer ; T. H. Welch, Secretary, and C. Culver, Tyler. December, 1S79, the officers elected were F. W. Moore, W. M.; L. D. Xoland, S. W.; T. D. Rice, J. W.; A. Fletcher, Treasurer; T. H. \\'elch. Secretary; C. Culver, Tyler. December, 1880, the following were elected: W. Kclley, W. M.; T. D. Rice, S. W.; R. L. Evans, J. W.; J. K. Parrott, Treasurer; T. H. Welch, Secretar\-, and C. Culver, T\-ler. The Order of the Eastern Star once had a prosperous organization, which met in the hall of Osborn Lodge. It was chartered April, 1874, with James Thompson, W. P.; Eliza J. Moore. W. M., and Amanda Peach, A. M. The present ph)-sicians of Osborn are A. J. Lawrence, M. D., and T. S. Blair. Since the removal to St. Joseph, in the fall of 1881, of B. J. Casteel, Esc]., formerly prosecuting attorney of DeKalb County, P. M. Hatch, Esq., the postmaster, represents exclusively the legal talent of Osborn. Mr. Hatch is a native of Vermont, subsequently a resident of Chicago, and, for the past eight years of Osborn. Adjoining the town site on the west, and partially within its limits, but altogether in Clinton County, is the extensive fruit tree nursery of E. A. Sylvester, established in 186S. In full view of the town, and in the neighborhood of its south- east quarter, is the cemetery, incorporated under the laws of the state, February, 1878. It inc'udes three acres, regularly laid out, and well set in evergreens, which, though, as yet, too much in their infancy to afford any display, are in excellent growing condition, and bid fair, at no dis- tant day, to present a pleasing picture. There are already many neat, and some handsome, monuments in the enclosure. George W. White is President of the Association, and P. M. Hatch, Esq., Secretary. CHAPTER XVII. FIRST RECORDS. DEEDS-MARRIAGES-CRANU lUKV— RESIGNATION OK RICHARD R. REES-FIRST CASE3- The original real estate records are still in existence. The book in which they are recorded contains 399 pages, and although its leaves have become yellowed and soiled by time, it is in a good state of pre- servation. Here are found, promiscuously recorded, mortgages, bills of sale, chattel mortgages, powers of attorney, indentures of apprentice- ship, warranty deeds, etc. The character of the penmanship and the orthography are generally good. Bills of sale, mortgages, and deeds, were in early times usually drawn up by justices of the peace, who, while they were men of good judgment, of unimpeachable integrity, were fre- quently unlearned and unlettered, as nearly all the early records testify, yet the early records of Clinton County are generally an exception to this rule. The fact must not be lost sight of however, that the early officials of the newly organized counties in this western country, were hardy backwoodsmen, whose continual struggle for a livelihood precluded the possibility of devoting any time to self culture. In reproducing some of these first records it is not with a view to ridicule those brave, busy pioneers of justice, but to satisfy a curiosity to behold what is novel and ancient. The following is the first deed on record : This indenture made and entered into this 17th day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, between Vincent Smith and Sarah, his wife, of the County of Clay, and the State of Missouri, of the first part, and John P. Smith, of the county and state aforesaid, of the second part, witnesseth, that the said Vincent Smith and Sarah, for and in consideration of the sum of two hundred dollars, paid in hand by the said John P. Smith, before the signing and sealing of these presents, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, that the said Vincent Smith and Sarah, have this day bargained, sold, delivered, conveyed, and set over unto the said John P. Smith, a certain piece of land, situated in the county and state aforesaid, lying and being in range No. 30, township No. 54, section No. 21, and east half of the northwest quarter, containing eighty acres, which piece or parcel of land the said Vincent Smith and IIISTORV OK CLINTON COUNIV. 315 Sarah, doth bind themselves, their heirs, executors and administrators and assigns, to forever warrant and defend unto the said John P. Smith, his heirs and assigns, with all and ever)- of the appurtenance to the said land belonging, free and clear from the lawful claim or claims of any person or persons whatsoever. In witness whereof, the said \'incent Smith and Sarah, have here- unto set their hands and seals the day and date above written. VINCENT SMITH, [se.al.] her SARAH X SMITH, [se.xi..] mark. ACKNOULEDOEMENT. St.vte oe Missouri, i County of Cl.w, \ " ' Be it remembered that, on this 26th day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand, eight hundred and thirty-three, before me, a justice of the peace within and for the count)- aforesaid, personally came Vincent Smith and Sarah, both personally known to me to be the persons whose names are subscribed to the foregoing instrument, as having executed the same and severally acknowledged the same to be their act and deed, for the purposes therein mentioned. She, the said Sarah, being, by me, first made acquainted with the contents thereof, and examined separate and apart from her husband, whether she executed the said deed and relinquished her dower to the land and tenements therein mentioned, voluntarily, freely and without compulsion or undue influence of her said husband, acknowledged and declared that she executed the said deed and relinquished her dower in the said lands and tenements therein mentioned, voluntarily, freel)-, and without com- pulsion or undue influence of her said husband. Taken and certified this day and yenv aforesaid. HARLOW HINKSTON, Justice of the Peace. This indenture, made and entered into this fifth da\- of August, one thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, between William P^Uiott, of Clinton County, and State of Missouri, of one part, and Lawrence J. Froman, of the same county and state aforesaid, of the other part, wit- nesseth, that, for and in consideration of the sum of one hundred dollars to him, the aforesaid Elliott, in hand paid, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, hath given, granted, bargained and sold, unto the said Lorenzo J. Froman, his heirs, executors, administrators and assigns for- ever, a certain tract, piece or parcel of land situate, lying and being in the county and state aforesaid, and being known, designated and described as a part of section seven, township fift)--four, range thirt)-- three, beginning at the southwest corner of section six. township fifty- four, range thirty-two, running thence north eighteen poles, to the north- east corner of section twelve, in range thirty-three, running thence west eighty poles to a stake ; thence south fourteen poles, to a black oak standing on the north bank of a branch ; thence a northeast course up 3l6 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. said branch, and with the meanderings of the same, to a large cotton- wood at the mouth of a small drain ; thence in an eastwardly course up said drain, and with the meanderings of the same, to a stake near the head of said drain; thence north fourteen poles, to a stake on section line, between six and seven in the aforesaid township and range ; thence west with said said section line, nine poles to the place of beginning, containing ten acres, be the same more or less : to have the aforesaid bargained and sold premises, with all and singular the appurtenances thereto belonging, unto him, the said Lorenzo J. Froman, his heirs, executors, administrators and assigns forever, and I, the aforesaid Elliott do bind myself, heirs and assigns, to forever warrant and defend the right and title of the aforesaid bargained and sold premises, unto him, the said Lorenzo J. Froman, his heirs and assigns, against me and my heirs, or any and every person or persons claiming, whatsoever, or to claim the same. In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand the day and date first above written. WILLLAM ELLIOTT, [seal.] This indenture made and entered into this 22d day of June, 1833, between Jonithan Newby and Dorathy Newby, his wife, of the County of Clinton and state of Missouri of the first part, and Pitman Hanks, of the county and state aforesaid, of the second part, witnesseth that for and in consideration of the sum of one hundred and sixty dollars, to him the aforesaid Newby and Dorathy Newby in hand paid, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, gives, grants, bargains and sold unto the afore- said Pitman Hanks, his heirs, executors, administrators and assigns, for- ever, a certain tract, piece, or parcel of land, situate, lying and being in the county and state aforesaid, being known, designated and described as the west half of the northeast quarter of section two, in township fifty-four, in range thirty-two, containing eighty-four acres and twenty- four hundredths of an acre, be the same more or less, to have and to hold the aforesaid bargained and sold premises, with all and singular, the appurtenances thereunto belonging unto the aforesaid Pitman Hanks, his heirs, executors, administrators and assigns, forever, and we the aforesaid Jonithan Newby and Dorathy Newby, his wife, do bind them- selves, heirs and assigns to forever warrant and defend the right and title of the aforesaid bargained and sold premises unto him, the said Pitman Hanks, his heirs and assigns against us, our heirs and assigns, or any and every person or persons claiming whatsoever, or to claim the same. In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands, the day and year above written. JONITHAN NEWBY, [seal.] DORATHY NEWBY, [seal.] Signed, sealed, and delivered in the presence of John Vassar, Justice of the Peace. During the year 1833 there were eight deeds recorded. The first deed recorded for 1834, was the following : HISTORY OK CLINTON COLfNTV. 3 17 TIlis indenture, made and entered into this 24th day of Marcli, 1834, between Howard Everett and Sarah Ann Exerctt, his wife, and John Long and Mary Long, his wife, and David R. Atchison, of the County of Cla\-, and State of Missouri, of the one part, and the County of Clin- ton, in the state aforesaid, of the other part, witnesseth'that the said Howard Everett and Sarah Ann, his wife, and John Long and Mar)-, liis wife, and David R. Atchison, for the consideration of one dollar, to them in hand paid, the receipt whereby is hereb\- acknowledged, and for the purpose of a seat of justice, hath granted, bargained, sold and con- ve)-ed, and b}- these presents doth grant, bargain, sell and conve)- unto- the said County of Clinton, for the purpose aforesaid, all that land, or parcel of land, lying and being in the County of Clinton, and described as follows, to wit : The east half of the northwest quarter of section num- ber twenty-four, of township number fift\--five, range number thirty-two, containing eighty acres, together with all and singular, the appurten- ances thereunto belonging, or in any wise appertaining, to have and to hold the said land herebj- convej'ed, with the appurtenances unto the said County of Clinton forever. And the said Edward Everett and Sarah Ann Everett, and John Long and Mary Long and David R. Atchison, for themselves, their heirs, executors and administrators, the aforesaid tract of land and appurtenances unto the said County of Clin- ton, against the claim or claims of all and every person or persons what- soever, doth and will forever warrant and defend b)- these presents. In witness whereof, the said Howard Everett and Sarah Ann Everett, John Long, Mary Long and David R. Atchison, hath hereunto set their hands and seals, the dav and \-ear above written. DAVID R. ATCHISON, [se.\l.] HOWARD EVERETT, [seal.] SARAH ANN EVERETT, [seal.] JOHN LONG, [SEAL.] MARY L(^NG. [seal.] MARRIAGE CERTIFICATES. Cupid, the God of Lo\e, whose universal svva>- over the hearts and affections of mankind has been commensurate with the history of our race, early manifested his presence among the pioneers of Clinton Count)-, as will be seen froni the following \-erbatim copies of a few of the earlier marriages : "This is to certify that I joined in marriage, on the 17th day of May last, John Smithie and Hannah Nash, both of lawful age. Given under my hand this 13th dav of June, 1833. JOHN VASSER, J. P." [The above is the first marriage certificate recorded in the county.] , This is to certify that I joined in marriage on the 22d of August, 1833, Oliver S. Jackson, and Mary Ann Livingston, the man of lawful age, the woman under age, but married by the consent of her parents. Gi\en under mv hand, this i6th dav of September, 1833. JOHN BIGGERSTAFF, Justice of the Peace for Clinton County. 3l8 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. This is to certify, that I joined in marriage on the 25th day of August, 1833, William Thomas and Ann Stanton, the man of lawful age, and the woman under age, and married by the consent of her parents. Given under my hand, this September 7th, 1833. JOHN P. SMITH, Presiding Judge of the County Court of Clinton County. State of Missouri, / County of Clinton, \ This is to certify, that I joined in marriage on the 19th day of Sep- tember, 1833, Smith Livingston and Nancy Higgins, both under age, but married by the consent of their parents, verbally given, and the cansent of the man's parents ascertained by the oath of William Livingston and Edmonia Roberts, both by me sworn to that fact. JOHN BIGGERSTAFF, J. P. State of Missouri, f , ,„ County of Cijnton, [ ^^ ■ This is to certify, that I joined in marriage on the 12th day of Jan- uary, 1834, Samuel Nash and Ann Williams, of said county, and both of lawful age. Given under my hand. JOHN BIGGERSTAFF. J. P. State of Mis.souri, ( , , County of Clinton, j ^^'• I, Henry Renick, a preacher of the gospel, regularly ordained, do hereby certify that I solemnized the rites of matrimony between George Sampson and Elizabeth Taylor, both of the county and state aforesaid, on the 30th day of January, 1834, according to the laws of the state. Given under my hand, this 19th day of February, A. D. 1834. HENRY RENICK. February 13, 1834. I do hereby certify that the rites of matrimony were solemnized on the above named day, between James Madison Biggerstaff and Sally Bed- ford. ABRAHAM ENYERT, J. P. State of Missouri, ( . . County of Clinton, j ^'^ The following erasures and interlineations are found in the above certificate: The letter " M" erased in line four, and "Madison" in line four interlined. State of Missouri, ( County of Clinton, j ' "^ ' I, Benjamin W. Riley, a minister of the gospel, do certify that I solemnized the bonds of matrimony between Robert Henderson, of the County of Clay, and Lucy Holman, of the County of Clinton, the man of IIISTOKV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 319 lawful age, and the woman by the consent of her parents, on the 13th day of February, A. D. 1834. Given under my hand, this 16th da\- of February, A. D. 1S34. H. W. RILEV. I, John P. Smitli, presiding Judge of the County Court of Clinton County, do hereby certify that I joined in marriage on the 31st day of July last, Charles Prior and Catharine Baldwin. Given under my iiand, this 2d day of August, 1834. J. P. SMITH, P. J, State ok Missouri, ( Clinton County, .1 Rites of matrimony solemnized betwixt Graham Springer and Cath- arine Gee Collins, this 4th of September, A. D. 1834. ABRAHAM ENVERT, M. G. State of Missouri, [ County of Clinton, | ^'''• Rites of matrimony solemnized betwixt Hezekiah Wright Enyert and Polly Red well on the i6th day of November, A. D. 1834, by ABRAHAM ENYERT, Minister of the Gospel. State of Missouri, j^ County of Clinton, p • Rites of matrimony solemnized betwixt John Early and Patsy Per- son, on the 30th day of December, A. D. 1834, by ABRAHAM ENYERT, Minister of the Gospel. The marriages above mentioned occurred forty-eight years ago. The contracting parties, if still living, would be more than three-score years of age. In those primitive days, among the early settlers, marriages, we are persuaded, were the result of love. There was not only a union of hands, but a union of hearts. The pioneer maiden made the faithful wife, and the sturdy backwoodsman the fond and trusted husband. " From that tlay lorth, in peace and joyous bliss, They lived together long, without debate. Nor private jars, nor spite of enemies. Could shake the safe assurance of their state " During the year 1833 four marriage certificates were recorded ; in 1834 eight were recorded, and in 1880 the record shows one hundred. I'Ai'KRs on file. The- earliest records of the circuit court were burned during the late war, hence our facts in reference thereto, are somewhat meager. We 320 HISTORY OI-' CLINTON COUNTY. have, however, found on file, among the blackened and charred papers, in the upper pigeon holes of the circuit clerk's office, a few old instru- ments of writing, which will be read with interest by all. FIRST GRAND JURY. The following is the writ issued by the clerk to the sheriff of the count)-, commanding him to summon the first grand jury : State of Missouri, } . County of Clinton, \ ' The State of Missouri to the sheriff of said county, greeting : We command )'ou to summon a grand jury for the body of the County of Clinton, to meet at the house of John Biggerstaff, on the first Thursday after the second Monday in June next, to consist of a number not exceeding twenty-three, nor less than sixteen, to be good and law- ful housekeepers, in the count)- aforesaid, who are then and there to serve as a grand jury, for the body of the County of Clinton aforesaid, and have you then and there this writ, with the names of the grand jurors. In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, and affixed my private seal — there being vet no seal of office prepared — this, the 6tli day of May, A. D. 1833. RICHARD R. REES, [seal.] Clerk County Court. On the reverse side of the writ we find the following certificate by the sheriff: "I do hereby certify, that I executed the within, b\- summoning the following persons to attend, as grand jurymen, viz : James McKown, Collet Haynes, Bartholomew Thatcher. John L. Owens, John McKown, William Livingston, Armstrong McClintock, Samuel H. Vassar, Joseph Castile, Samuel G. Biggerstaff, John Holman, William Allen, Benjamin F. Wilkerson, John Elliott, Joseph Elliott, Lorenzo J. Froman, Hiram Ferrel, Joseph Buckridge, John Livingston, John F. Cox, Jonithan Lig- get, and Thomas Stanton. This 13th day of June, 1833. THOMPSON SMITH, Sheriff of Clinton County. Of the above named persons, who constituted the first grand jury of the count)-, all are dead, excepting Samuel G. Biggerstafl" and John McKown. REES' resignation. Among other old papers, we found the following: Plattsburg, Clinton County, August 26, 1835. To tlic Honorable Jolin F. Rj'land, Circuit Judge of Clinton County : Sir : I have the honor herewith to resign the office of Clerk of Clinton Circuit Court, and I beg you to accept this resignation, together with my respects. Your most obedient servant, RICHARD R. REES. [ISTORV OK CIJNTON COUNTY. 321 Upon wliicli was endorsed the following : I accept the above resignation, and Mr. Rccs will be good enough to leave the papers and documents, belonging to the office, in the hands of A. F. Mitchell, Esq.. whom I have appointed Clerk, /;■<; tcm. The papers to be delivered in presence of John Biggerstaff, Esq., and E. P. Howell. Esq. "^ J. F. RYLAND. First case on the docket, bearing date June 13, 1833, was Henry- Green vs. Benjamin B. Becket. The second case was Samuel and Robert AuU vs. Laban Garrett. The attorneys present at the first term of the court were Amos Rees. W. T. Wood, D. R. Atchison and A. W. Doniphan. ^^ t,IJ ^w CHAPTER XVIII. PUBLIC BUILDINGS. FIRST, SECOND AND PRESENT COURT HOUSES- COUNTY POOR FARM. Notwithstanding the fact that a large number, probably a majority of the people in every county, have very little practical experience in the courts, and although they have the legal capacity to sue and be sued, never improve their opportunities, and never appear in court, unless it be on compulsion as witnesses and jurors ; yet, as the one great con- servator of peace, and as the final arbiter, in case of individual or neigh- borhood disputes, the court is distinguished above and apart from all and every other institution of the land, and not only the proceedings of the court, but the place of holding court, is a matter of interest to the average reader. Not only so, but in many counties the court house was the first, and usually the only public building in the county. The first court houses were not very elaborate buildings, to be sure, but they are enshrined in memories that the present never can know. Their uses were general, rather than special, and so constantly were they in use, day and night when the court was in session, and when it was not in session, for judicial, educational, religious and social purposes, that the doors of the old court houses, like the gates of gospel grace, stood open, night and day, and the small amount invested in those old hewn logs, and rough benches, returned a much better rate of interest on the investment, than do those stately piles of brick or granite which have taken their places. The memorable court house of early times was a house adapted to a variety of purposes, and had a career of great usefulness. School was taught, the gospel preached, and justice dispensed, within its substantial walls. Then it served, frequently, as a resting place for weary travelers, and, indeed, its doors always swung on easy hinges. On the 13th day of January, 1834, the County Court of Clinton County (John P. Smith being at the time president of said court) made an order relative to the building of a court house at Plattsburg. The court had held its sessions at Laban Garrett's and John Bigger- staft's, since March, 1833. The accommodations of these places were meager, and the expense to the county had been considerable. The following is the order of the court in reference thereto : nSTCRV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 323 " It is ordered by the court that the superintendent of public build- ings be, and he is hereby, required to let out to the lowest bidder, on Monday, the seventh day of April next, the contract for erecting a house for a court house in the town of Springfield, the seat of justice of this county, upon lot No. i lO, on the following plan, to wit : To consist of two rooms ; one room to be eighteen by twenty feet, and the other sixteen by eighteen feet, to be raised one story high, of eight feet from the floor to the joists ; the walls to be of good hewed logs of durable timber to face at least ten inches ; to be covered with a good shingle roof, a plank floor well jointed and laid down rough in both rooms ; a good stack chimney in the middle to be built of stone or bricks, at the option of the builder : the cracks to be well pointed with stone and lime, and the whole house to be well underpinned with rock and pointed with lime ; to be ceiled overhead by lathing and plastering, with a double or smooth coat; the largest room to have two outside doors, and also one door going into the jur\', or smaller room ; the doors to be neatly cased with walnut plank, and neat batten doors hung of the same material ; the larger room to have two windows of twelve lights each, one on each side of the front door, and also two windows in the smaller room, one in the back and one in the front side, all of which windows are to be neatly cased with walnut plank, filled with sash and glazed, and to have plain shutters hung to them ; a good lock to be put to the partition door, and latches to the outside doors ; all the materials to be furnished by the builder. The whole work to be completed on or before the first day of November, 1834. Payment to be made on the following terms, to wit : Whenever in the judgment of the superintendent, it shall appear that one-third of the work shall be done, payment of one-third of the whole amount of the contract to be made, and payment of the balance to be made on the completion of the building. Bond and approved security will be required from the person taking the contract, in a penalty of at least double the amount for which the same shall be bid off, and the said superintendent is required to ])ublish the same by written hand bills." Henry F. Mitchell was the superintendent of public buildings and Solomon Fry was the contractor, and obligated himself to have the work done in November following. The building was probabl)- when completed the largest in the county. In it were located the several county offices, ami there met that august assemblage known as the cir- cuit court, « here the vocal, and not infrequently, muscular pioneer attor- neys had full scope for the employment of their varied powers, both physical :ui other meetings no less notable occurred. It was a sort of a forum whither all classes of people went for the purpose of loafing and gossiping, and telling and hearing some new thing. As a general thing, the first court house, after having ser\-ed the purpose of its erection, and having served that purpose well, is torn down and conveyed to the rear of some remote corner lot, and thereafter is made to serve the purpose of an obscure cow stable on some dark alley. The old court house at Plattsburg, however, after having accomplished its mission, was used for a much higher and nobler purpose, being con- verted into a school house, and thereafter devoted to the education and instruction of the }-outh. There is little of the poetic and romantic in the make-up of western society, and the old court house, after the building of the new one, ceased to be regarded with reverence and awe. In a new country, where every energy of the people is necessarily emplo)-ed in the practical work of earning a living, and the always urgent and ever present question of bread and better is up for solution, people HISTORY OF Cl.INTON COUNTY. 325 cannot be expected to devote much time to the poetic antl itlcal. It therefore follows that nothing was retained as a useless relic which could be turned to some utility; but it is a shame that the people of modern times have such little reverence for the relics of former days. After these houses ceased to be available for business purposes they should have been preserved, to have at least witnessed the semi-centennial of the country's history. It is sad that, in their hurry to grow rich, so few have care even for the work of their own hands. How many of the early set- tlers have preserved their first habitations .-' The sight of that humble cabin would be a source of much consolation in old age, as it reminded the owner of the trials and triumphs of other times, and its presence would go far toward reconciling the coming generation with their lot when comparing its lowly appearance with the modern residence, whose extensive apartments are beginning to be too unpretentious for the enterprising sport of the irrepressible "Young Americans." ^ SECOND COURT HOUSE. In June 1S34, the county court let, to the lowest bidder, the contract for the building of a brick court house, the first having been erected merely as a temporary structure to accommodate the county officers until a better and more suitable building could be built. The old court house stood just south of the square and east of the Plattsburg Bank. The order of the court in reference thereto, is as follows : " It is ordered that the superintendent of public buildings be, and he is hereby required to let, to the lowest bidder, the building of a brick court house, on the public square, in the town of Springfield, on Friday, the 13th day of June next, during the session of the circuit court of this county, of the following dimensions, to wit : To be thirty-two feet square and twenty feet high, to consist of two stories, the lower story to have two fire places, and the upper story the same number ; the house to have four chimneys ; the ground to be dug two feet deep on which it is built, and a foundation of rock, to be built thereon, eighteen inches above the surface of the earth ; the house to have three doors and twenty-five windows ; all to be neatly and well framed, as they are put up ; two sets of good joists to be put in, and two good and neat pillars in each storj- ; the whole to be covered in with a good shingle roof; the whole to be completed in a good and workmanlike manner, by the first day of December ne.xt. and the contract, entire, is to let out to the same individual, and the pajment for the s.ime will be made in the following installments, tn wit : two hundred dollars on the completion of the work : one half of the resitlue on the seventh day of April next, and the balance in six months thereafter. Bond and approved security will be required of the contractor on the day of letting out the same. And it is 326 HISTORY OK CLINTON COUNTY. further ordered that the superintendent aforesaid insert a notice of the above in the Enquirer, a public newspaper printed in Liberty, Missouri, from this time until the day of letting out the same." This court house stood for about twenty-five years, on the site now occupied by the present court house and jail. Although it would be regarded, in this day and age, as a very humble building, yet, when built, forty odd years ago, it was among the best in Northwestern Missouri, and when completed, the then little village of Plattsburg was proud of it, as a temple of justice. In it transpired many ludicrous scenes, such as characterized the courts of the days of pioneer times, and in it took place the first important criminal trials which were held in the count)'. PRESENT COURT HOUSE. On the i6th of September, 1859, the county court made the follow- ing order in reference to the building of the present court house and jail : " The court being satisfied that it is expedient to build a court house and a jail for this county, it is now here ordered that the same be built, and that the sum of twenty-five thousand dollars be appropriated for the erection of such buildings. And the court designates the pres- ent site of the court house as the place for such new court house and jail. And it is further ordered by the court that Hervey Whittington be, and he is hereby appointed superintendent to advertise for receiving proposals for erecting such buildings, stating in his advertisement a description of said buildings, according to the plans and specifica- tions approved by the court, and that he contract for the erection of said buildings according to law, and for their completion on or before the first da)- of November, i860. And it is further ordered, that pay- ment be made for said buildings in three different installments, as fol- lows, to wit : Seventy-five per cent on the one-third part of the amount for which said buildings shall be undertaken, when the said buildings shall have been one-third completed ; and the same amount when two- thirds completed, and the balance when said buildings shall have been fully completed and accepted." Mr. Whittington advertised and let the building of the court house to William C. Black for the sum of twent)-se\'en thousand and fifty dollars. Mr. Whittington having afterward resigned his superintend- ency of the building of the court house, Peter McDuff was appointed in his place to overlook and direct the work. Mr. McDuff now resides near Atchison, Kansas, at the advanced age of about seventy years. The allowance made by the count)' court for building the court house and jail was a liberal one, but the entire cost at completion was nearly fifty thousand dollars. It is located on the western side of the public HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. 32/ square, midway between the northwest and southwest corner, frontintj west on Main Street. The old Roman and Doric style of architecture were followed in its construction, and everything about the building is of a solid, massive character. The main building is a square, with short wings projecting north and south from the western part of it, giving it somewhat the shape of the letter T. There are eight rooms, occupied by the county officials and the county and circuit courts. The circuit court room is in the second story of the building, and is capacious and well ventilated. Over the judge's seat hangs the well-known portrait of General David R. Atchison, one of the early judges of the circuit, and the portrait of Hon. George W. Dunn, the present judge. The building is surmounted b\- a dome twelve feet square, reaching to a height of fifty feet above the roof, and is in classic harmony with the general appearance of the build- ing, rendering it a prominent landmark in the plain of the surrounding country. In fact, the handsome dome of the court house, glinting in the sunlight, is the first object that attracts the attention of the stranger as he approaches Plattsburg. E\'er\' feature of the building denotes solidity and durabilit}-. Its thick walls and granite columns will doubtless stand intact when the other edifices which now surround the public square will ha\-e cnunbled into dust. THE COUNTY POOR HOUSE .\ND FARM, now an important feature of the county, like many other institutions of equal consequence, had its origin in very small beginnings. Pauperism is an evil which has never, to any considerable extent, afflicted any por- tion of our state, still less the district included within the limits of Clinton County. No land, however blessed, has been always and uni- formly exempt from misfortune, which may result in inability to afford self support : and Clinton County, with her generous soil, enterprising and liberal spirited population, has proven no exception to the universal rule. Still, many years of rapid development and increasing population rolled onward from the first settling of the county before the necessity arose of providing for an indigent class which had just begun to appear. About the year 1850, the county first began to recognize the necessity of such provision, but the number of paupers being extremely limited, it was deemed a matter of economy to quarter them on private individuals who could thus, for a reasonable compensation, provide for their necessi- ties, without reducing the county to the expense of purchasing and maintaining an establishment restricted to the special object of their use and benefit. This method of keeping and caring for the poor of the county, was continued until Deeember 4, i860, when the county court made the fol- ing order : 328 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. " It being deemed expedient by the court to purchase a tract of land for a poor house, the court proposes to pay Abraham M. Creek, sixteen hundred dollars, for the farm upon which he now resides ; five hundred dollars to be paid on the first day of March next and the balance in twelve months from that date, with ten per cent interest thereon ; and the said Abraham M. Creek accepts the proposal so made by the court." The farm above mentioned, is located about two miles northeast of Plattsburg, and contains i6o acres. This farm was sold in 1873, and another tract of land containing 156 acres, one mile northeast of Platts- burg, was purchased by the County Court from Daniel Thomas, at about $46 per acre. The superintendents who have had charge of the poor farm from the date of its purchase, were : Thomas Decker, Samuel Hosterman, Jacob Hosterman, Daniel Hisler, Daniel Thomas, Ham. Warren and Green B. Lancaster. Mr. Lancaster now has the farm in charge, (having had it since 1879), ^^ the annual rental of $350. To him is committed the care of the paupers, for which the county pays him $1.75 per week for board- ing each person, the county furnishing clothes, beds and bedding and the necessary heating stoves, the wood for which being taken on the premises. There are two frame buildings on the farm, excluding out houses and stables. Altogether there are six rooms for the use of the paupers. There are also on the farm two bearing apple orchards, two wells and a spring. The land is good and yields abundantly. The buildings, out houses and fences, however, are badly out of repair, and need looking after by the county. The number of paupers has been very limited, and at no time the number in charge of the superintendent has ever exceeded ten. The average number has been generally from five to seven. The present number is five, four of whom are men and one woman. This certainly speaks well for the count}', and shows that its citizens are energetic and self-supporting. -^i CHAPTER XIX. RAILROADS. CHICAGO ROCK ISLAND & PACIFIC-WAHASH, ST. Lc'UIS & PACIFIC-HANNIBAL & ST. JOSEPH RAILROAD-WHEN ROAUS WERE COMPLETED TO I'LA TTSBURG-W H EN CO.MPElhL) TO C.A.MERON. Diirintj the year 1867, the citizens of Plattsburg began to agitate the suject of building railroads. The Kansas City & Cameron Road, as it was then called, traversed the entire length of the count}-, at a point at least seven miles distant from Plattsburg, the county seat. No special advantages accrued to Plattsburg from this road ; such as did accrue to the county were sectional and confined alone to those persons residing in the immediate vicinity of its depots. The people here knew that towns would spring up along the line of this road, which had already been built ; towns w-hich would successfully compete with Plattsburg? because of their railroad communications ; and they further knew that, as a result, business must necessarily decline in the western portions of the county, and be thrown further east, where railroad advantages had been secured. Hence, the subject of railroads was freely discussed, for months, by a few of the prominent citizens of Clinton County, but the matter took no definite shape until the latter part cf 1867 (December), when Col. James H. Birch, Jr., and Charles Ingles Esq.. of Plattsburg, were appointed delegates by a mass meeting and went to St. Joseph and Leavenworth, to consult with the proper authorities in reference to the building of the St. Louis & St. Joseph, and the Chicago & Southwestern railroads, through Plattsburg. At that conference it w-as agreed that if Buchanan County would subscribe stock to the amount of four hundred thousand dollars, to the St. Louis & St. Joseph Railroad, Clinton County one hundred thousand to each of the roads, Ray County, two hundred thousand to the St. Louis & St. Joseph Railroad, and the City of Lex- ington, Missouri, seventy-five thousand to the St. Louis & St. Joseph Railroad, making the amount seven hundred and seventv-fivc thousand dollars, the roads could be built. The directors upon the part of Buchanan County named for the St. Louis & St. Joseph Railroad, w^ere Richard Turner, T. J. Chew, Jr., L. M, Dunn, Benjamin Frazer, L. M. Lawson, Thomas B. Weakl\'. James H. Robinson and George Lyon. The directors for Clinton County, were Colonel James H. Birch, Jr., Charles Ingles, PLsq., and Colonel C. \V. Porter. For Ray County, George I. Wasson. 330 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. On Monda)-, January 13, 186S, a mass meeting of the citizens of Clinton County was held at the court house, in the city of Plattsburg, to take into consideration the building of the two railroads above named. The day was disagreeably cold, yet a great numberof people were present from all parts of the county. The meeting was called to order by Charles Ingles, Esq., and upon motion of John M. McMichael, Judge Robert Johnson was called to the chair. Colouel James N. Burnes and Judge AUer, of Weston, Colonel Mackay, of Leavenworth, and Colonel James H. Birch, of Plattsburg, addressed the people upon the then all-import- ant subject — the contemplated railroads ; after which Charles Ingles, Esq., offered the following resolution, which was adopted with but one dissenting voice : Resolved. By the people of Clinton County, at a mass meeting held at Plattsburg, on the 6th day of January, 1868, that we, greatly feeling the necessity of the County of Clinton having more railroad facilities, in order to bring down freights to a just rate, as well as offering induce- ments to further settlement of emigration, do earnestly request the Judges of the County Court, of Clinton County, to order an election throughout said county, whereat the citizens of Clinton may determine whether or not they will vote for the County of Clinton to subscribe $100,000, to aid in the construction of the St. Louis & St. Joseph Rail- road ; also, $ioo',ooo to aid in the construction of the Leavenworth & Des Moines Railroad, and the said election shall be ordered to take place at the usual places of voting, in said county, on the first Tuesday in the month of February next, 1868. The Leavenworth & Des Moines Railroad, referred to in Mr. Ingles' resolution, is now the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific, In accordance with the desire of the people, as expressed in the resolution of Mr. Ingles, and which was almost unanimously adopted by them, the county court made an order for an election, to be held in the county, on the 4th of February, 1868. The order of the court required that "two- thirds of the qualified voters, as shown by the registration lists," should vote in favor of the proposition, in order to authorize the court to sub- scribe the stock. From the order we give the following extract : " If two-thirds of the qualified voters of said county, as shown by the registration lists of said county of Clinton, give their assent at said election to said subscriptions, or either of them, then, and in that case, the presiding justice of the court is authorized and empowered to enter the aforesaid subscription (or the one to which the voters aforesaid, at the election aforesaid, shall have given their assent, if they shall have given assent to but one), upon the proper stock-books of said corpora- tion, or corporations, in the name of and for said county of Clinton." A forcible address was then issued to the people of the county by Col. James H. Birch, Jr., through the columns of the Clinton County Register, in behalf ot the proposition to subscribe to the two roads, from which we make the following extracts : llISTOR^■ OF CLINTON COUNTY. 33 1 "Vour comity court at its last session, made the most important onler e\-cr made by any court in the count}-. It involves the subscrip- tion by the countj- of $200,000, in twenty year si.v per cent bonds, to aid in securing and building through our county the two most import- ant roads in the west — $I00,000 to the St. Louis and St. Joseph Rail- road, which enters the county in the southeast corner, and runs diagon- ally through it, leaving it in the northwest corner; $100,000 to the Leavenworth and DesMoines Railway, which enters the county in the southwest corner, and running diagonally through it, leaves it at Cam- eron, which makes sixty miles of railway through our county, and places every farm in the county within six miles of a railroad. The very statement of the proposition excites the blood of every man who has his own interest at heart, together with that county pride which should be in every breast. To secure these two roads, is every man's desire ; to have additional facilities of travel and competing lines for freight, and thereby enable us to transport what we have to sell at one- half the present price, is an object which at once arrests and engages the attention of every man who ever expects to have anything to sell or to buj' ; and he at once inquires by what process these ends can be accom- plished .■' We answer, by building these roads. How can this be done ? is the inquir}-. By assisting in the' enterprise and subscribing the $200,000, under the order of the court. By the order of the court the roads cannot get the bonds until they are nearly completed — thus rendering it certain that unless we get the roads, v.'e will not have to give the bonds, and hence are in no danger of losing our subscriptions. This point fully secured, the only point to be investigated is, will the benefits of these roads be sufficient to compen- sate us for taking on the burdens of this additional tax .' Our taxes will be increased $12,000, which, added to our present tax of $36,000, will make it $4^,000. EVerj- man, therefore, can take his last tax receipt for state and county purposes, and di\-ide it by three, and see exactly what his taxes will be increased by taking stock in these roads. If he paid $15 tax last j'car, his tax will be $5. Now this is the whole burden, and when men make vague assertions about the enormous tax, it is because they have not investigated it sufficientlj' to know. I propose now to inquire into the benefits we are to recei\e as an offset to this burden. Under the laws of Missouri, these roads are taxable — a fair valuation will be $20,000 per mile — and sixty miles will add $1,200,000 to the taxable property of the county. This $1,200,000 added to $2,700,000, returned for 1867, by the assessor, makes $3,900,000. This year, we raised $36,000 from $2,700,000, making $1.33 to the $100. To rai.«e $48,000 from $3,900,000, makes the ratio onl\- $1.23 -to the $100, thus reducing the taxes ten per cent on the hundred at the very start, and as our bonds are not issued to these roads, until they are com- pleted, the roads commence to pay taxes as soon as o.ur bonds commence to bear interest. When to this, is added the increase in the value of our lands, the population and wealth, that, year after year, will flow in among us on the completion of these roads, it can readily be seen tiiat our taxes will gradually subside to the level of former years. Some persons fear that these roads will combine, and keep up the prices of freights. This is impossible ; even the two roads that center at 332 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. Atchison cannot do so, hence we see the result in low freights. If two cannot, surely three will be less able. Railroads that run parallel never combine ; they only consolidate by continuing their lines from one state to another. The Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad will know that unless it offers some inducements in the way of freights, the people on the line of the North Missouri will not ship on its line, and T'/a- z'fvsa, and hence will continually have two lines, already embittered against one another, striving for the trade of our county. Some fear we will lose the stock we take in this road. This cannot be, for under the laws of the state, the tax payers own the stock, and they cannot be divested by any action except their own, of their stock. For instance, under the laws, when a man's taxes for railroads amount to one hundred dollars, he is entitled to a certificate of stock to that amount in the road, and hence the county court, nor any other power except himself, can deprive him of that stock. This law was made expressly to remedy this evil, and to transfer the stock of the county to the tax payer, so that the county court could not fool a ,vay the property of the people. Many person say they would vote for these roads, if they did not believe they would be built through the county without any assistance. No one should make such an argument, for it is both unwise and dis- honest. Unwise, for these roads will not be built without help. Ten years ago, Howard County could have had the North Missouri Road through her for $100,000, but refused it and lost the road. Howard County now ofTers $500,000 if the L. & M. road will come through her. La Fayette County could have had the Pacific road for a small amount. Now the L. & M. road asks her $500,000 to run through that county. And just so it will be with us, if we refuse to help these enterprises. They will either not be built, or others who have the sagacity and liber- ality to assist in building up their own interest will get them. One of the very best arguments in favor of building these roads, and of the benefits to be derived from them, is the fact that every single man in the county who moved here from a state where railroads are fully developed, will cheerfully and gladly vote for the roads. They have all assisted in building roads by county assistance ; they know just what burdens they bring on the people, and they have realized the full bene- fits, and with one voice they boldly declare that the benefits so over- whelmingly overbalance the burdens that they zealously vote to build the roads. Surely these men would not vote the tax upon themselves again and again, if the burdens and taxes were so enormous as the opposers of the road try to make out. Let every man who hesitates about this thing, go to his neighbor who has moved from a railroad country, talk to him about the burdens and benefits of a county helping to build roads, and if he is not convinced let him vote against the road. When we build these roads, year after year, the very best class of emigration will come among us, men of character and wealth, and assist us to pay this and our other taxes. It is safe to say that in five years our population and wealth will be doubled, which will reduce our taxes one half; and in ten years they will double again, and in twenty years, when these bonds are payable, there will be in Clinton County twenty rORV OK CLINTON COUNTY, 333 men and t\vcnt>- times the wealth upon which to assess the taxes to pay the bonds oft"." Accordintj to the order of the count}- court, the election was held on Tuesday, the 4th da\-of February, 1868, and resulted in the following: OFFICIAL VOTE. TOWNSHlPi. ST. L 1 SI . J R. R. FOR I AGMNST 214 9 20 52 55 5 99 18 ■7 12.5 52 55 lackson 99 PUtte H.irtlin . La Fasette,. Total 43. 12. 466 "23 The Clinton County Register of February 8, 1868, speaking of that election says : "The election, on Tusday last resulted even more favor- ably than we anticipated, the subscription to both roads carrying by 220 votes more than the necessary two-thirds. We congratulate the citizens of Clinton County upon this great and glorious result. Xe\er have we witnessed an election in which the people were more unanimous, and never before did an enterprise triumph that gave more universal satis- faction. True, the vote was not so large as we expected ; yet we are satisfied that the entire opposition to the subscriptions was polled. We believe that the owners of four-fifths of the wealth of this county, although a large portion of them are disfranchised, are in favor of the subscriptions, and had every man, who we think is entitled to vote, been allowed the privilege of casting his ballot, for or against the roads, we are confident that the majority would have been even greater. In the evening, when reports from other precincts were brought in, our citizens exhibited considerable anxiety, and according to the reports, were their hopes raised or lowered. About 7 o'clock the ballots of this township (Concord,) were counted, and the result was 214 in favor of the roads to six against them. After the reception of the news from Jackson Township, railroad stock depreciated somewhat, and our jieople became painfully anxious to hear from Shoal. It was near 1 1 o'clock when George Essig arrived from Cameron bringing with him the official vote, which was unanimous for the roads. Such a shout as rose up, when the gratifying news fell upon the ears of the people, we venture to assert, was never before heard in Clinton County. In a few minutes every bell in town was ringing, and the anvils from the blacksmith shops, were belching forth reports equal to cannons — hats and caps were thrown up, and the people were fairly wild with joy, evidencing that the triumph 334 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. was not only complete, but of the utmost importance. The traps set by the opposition did not win, and the greenbacks expended to defect the will of the people are now worse than thrown away." After the election, the county court refused to sign the bonds, giv- ing as their reasons, that they did not believe it to be to the interest of the county to subscribe so large an amount, and that a large proportion of the voters and tax payers who were disfranchised, had not voted, and consequently the propositions to vote the bonds had not carried by the requisite majority. Soon after, an indignation meeting was held at the court house in Plattsburg, at which a great crowd was present. This meeting was addressed by Col. James N. Burnes, of Weston, and some of the citizens of the town of Plattsburg, all of whom took strong grounds against the conclusions of the court. Petitions were immediately circu- lated in the county, to which those who had been disfranchised attached their names, requesting the county court to subscribe the stock. After some little delay of three or four months, the matter was finally adjusted, the court ratified the action of the voters and petitioners, by taking the stock, and the work of surveying and constructing the two roads was commenced. One of these roads, now the Wabash, St. Louis and Pacific, was finished in July, 1870. The Register of that date, in speaking of that railroad, says : The events of last Saturday, the 23d of July, formed an epoch in the annals of Plattsburg, which will, perhaps, be forgotten only with the loss of memory to its inhabitants. For the first time in the history of the frontier village did the iron horse plow his iron way through the limits of the city. It liaving been circulated that on that day the last rail was to be laid, and the last spike driven, people from the town and country were all gathered at the bridge, the memorable spot where the last stroke was to be made, to witness the triumph finally awarded to enterprise, foresight and sagacity. The track, which had nearly been finished the day previous, was soon extended to the bridge and joined to the eastern end, thus finishing practically the great work. But as some ceremony, some public demonstration was necessary to mark the successful close of so grand an achievement, the last connecting rail was left by the tracklayers unspiked. The proud people of our city, through their worthy mayor and appreciative council, had provided for a display which should evince the satisfaction of the community at the accom- plishment of all their fondest hopes. Mr. Shivel, Superintendent of construction, under Messrs. Ford & Perry Brothers, the contractors, had furnished a nice and elegant gold spike (so called), to be driven into the last joint. All things ready, the crowd waited for the train which was to bring the president and officers of the road down from St. Joseph. At length the party came, being drawn hither by the fine thirty-two ton locomotive, "A. G. Gower." Soon we observed Colonel A. G. Gower, HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. 335 the efficient tjeneral superintendent of tlie road ; Major T. J. Chew, Jr., and Mr. Frazer, directors ; Messrs. Saxton & Hastings, the energetic contractors, who had ironed the road ; Mr. O. VV. Davenport, and others, whose names we cannot remember. After hand shaking, congratula- tions and the like, and a disappointment occasioned by the failure to receive the toast prompter and other exhilarating indispensables, which were delayed in consequence of an earlier completion of the work than was anticipated and announced, Hon. John M. McMichael, surrounded by an immense and joyous throng, proceeded to present Colonel Gower with the last- spike, by uttering, substantially, the following just and true sentiments in reference to Mr. C. F. Shivel, to whose untiring energy and indomitable perseverance, all of our citizens are ready to attribute an impulse which materially aided in the early completion of the road : "Colonel Gower, permit me to present you with the last spike to be driven on the St. Louis and St. Joseph Railroad. This spike is furnished by Mr. Shivel, superintendent of construction, under Messrs. Ford & Perry Brothers. To the unfaltering zeal, energy and industry which Mr. Shivel has manifested under the observation of our citizens, we attribute the speedy progress made in the early and successful completion of this great work. Mr. Shivel, by his gentlemanl)' demeanor, courteous mien and affability has won hosts of friends in this communit\'. His strict attention to duty and uncommon industry has impressed ^ us with his efficiency in the work assigned him. And now I hand this spike, which shall rivet the iron links which bind by a continuous chain New York and San Francisco, and which I trust may be another band which shall indissolubly unite the many and diversified interests of a common country." Colonel Gower then took the spike, and responded as follows : • "SiK : — I accept with pleasure the pleasing task you impose on me. I am sure that this must be an occasion of rejoicing to the good people of Plattsburg. It is really so for the company. However, you must per- mit another to share with me the pleasing task. To his honor, Mayor Ingles, in behalf of the City of Plattsburg, I assign the task of helping me." Colonel Gower, Mayor Ingles and Rev. Father O'Riley each then gave the spike two home licks, (the Colonel, with a large sledge, missing it the first time), which .sent it to the socket and its long resting place. Father O'Riley did his part scientifically, and satisfied the crowd that he was no novice at the business. After this ceremony was over and the road finished, a numbei' of our citizens joined the party from St. Joseph in a ride to Lathrop. This was accomplished in a short time. The train soon whistled into Plattsburg, and then away it Went to St. Joseph, carrying its freight of enterprising 33(5 -HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. and sociable men, whose intercourse we hope hereafter to enjoy oftener, and as we are satisfied m-ost pleasantly. And so ended the ceremony in connection with the completion of one of our great through lines of railroads. There have been three presidents of this road The first, James H. Robinson, died ; the second. Colonel James H. Birch, resigned ; and the third was L. M. Lawson, who is now president. Directors for Buchanan County, R. E. Turner, T. J. Chew, Jr., J. H. Robinson. L. M. Lawson, L. M. Dunn, George Lyon, and Thomas Weakly. Directors for Clinton County : C. W. Porter, Charles Ingles, and James H. Birch. Director for Ray County : George L Wasson. The other road, now called the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific, was finished in 1871. It had no directors in this county. When completed, a grand excursion came over the road, from Chicago and Leavenworth ; the excursionists meeting at Trenton, Missouri. The excursionists were composed of invited guests, from four different states, among whom were Generals Grant, Beauregard, and several members of the United States Senate, and Congress. The train was drawn by the locomotive that had previously taken the premium at the World's Fair at Paris ; the affair closing with a grand reception and ball at Leavenworth. H.\XMBAL A- ST. JOSEPH .\ND THE CHICAGO, ROCK ISL.\ND A" P.\CIFIC R.AILRO.'VDS. On the completion by John Duff & Co., contractors, of the Hannibal & S.t. Joseph Railroad, from St. Joseph to Cameron, in the fall of 1858, a depot was built at the foot of Walnut street, and A. T. Baubie was appointed freight and ticket agent at the latter point, and was also commissioned agent for the United States Express Companj-. The road was then being built from both ends. There were then no stock yards at the place, and the appointments and facilities for shipping at that period, as may be inferred, were of rather a primitive character. It is remembered by the earh- residents of Cameron, that the first shipment of live stock from that station occurred in the month of April, 1859, by- David G. Stock well, now (1S81) proprietor of the stock yards at Atchi- son, Kansas. This shipment consisted of twelve car loads of very supe- rior cattle. They were consigned to St. Louis, via Hannibal and the Mississippi River, at the rate of thirty-seven dollars and fifty cents per car load. The manner in which this, the first shipment of the kind was accomplished, in default of proper and necessary facilities, was novel and effecti\-e. There happened to be a considerable quantit\- of whisky at the depot. The barrels containing this whisky were piled up, and so IIISTOKV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 337 arranged on opposite sides of the depot building as to form the walls of an avenue leading up to the doors of the same, and along this avenue, and through the depot building, the cattle were driven on board the cars. It was not long, however, before the demands of business accomp- lished the necessary appliances and conveniences for this important station. It may not be uninteresting to mention, in this connection, that the gap between the eastern and western divisions of the Hannibal and St> Joseph Railroad was filled by the completion of the same, February 12, 1859, the ties and rails of the last half mile being on that day laid in the snow, from the west, to the town of Chillicothe. Ten days after occurred in St. Joseph the grand celebration in honor of the event which united the two mighty streams of the continent in a double band of iron. The following are the agents who in turn succeeded Major Baubie as station agent here ; Thomas E. Dennis in 1862, Weatherby a few months after, and B. F. Bassett in the same year. He held till 1863, when he was suc- ceeded by Charles Packard, with E. T. Walker as deputy. In 1867. George Willis became agent and served till 1S81 when he was suc- ceeded by the present incumbent, A. L. Spencer. On the completion of the Kansas City Branch of the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad in 1867, another depot, exclusively for the accommodation of passengers, was built about three-fourths of a mile west of this depot. The first agent at this depot was Capt. R. A. Knapp, who held the position till [872, when he was succeeded by George Duncan. In 1880, George Duncan retired and J. Patterson succeeded him. Before the close of the jear he was succeeded by J. R. Reeves, the present (i83i) incumbent. In the fall of 1878 the structure of this depot was destroyed by fire. At that time, and for a number of years previous, Fred Henshaw, now (188 1) of St. Joseph, kept at this depot one of the most elegant and popular eating houses in the west, providing meals for the trains from Kansas City, St. Joseph, and the east. The depot was located on its present site for the purpose of securing the necessary room demanded by the increase of business on the completion in 1867 of the Kansas City Branch of the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad. The present (1881) union passenger depot and eating house of the Hannibal and St. Joseph and of the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroads, was erected on the site of the structure above referred to as having been destroyed by fire, and was completed January i, 1880. It is a neat and spacious structure, consisting of a two-story center with one-stor)- wings. The cost of the building was about nine thousand dollars. The Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad was completed to Cameron in June, 1871, and a freight and passenger depot built imme- diately in the rear of the Combs House. The first agent at this depot was J. M. Johnson. He filled the position till September 1872, when he 33^ HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. was succeeded by the present (1881) agent, J. E. Conklin, an efficient and popular official. This, like the old station of the Hannibal & St. Joseph Road at the foot of Walnut Street, was long- used as both a freight and passenger depot, and continued as such till the building of the union passenger depot above described. During that period the eating station of this road was the Combs Dining Rooms — the rear extension of the Combs House, and directly opposite the depot. Ten regular freight trains, besides numerous extras, leave the depot of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad daily. The average annual shipment of live stock from Cameron Station, on this road, is three hun- dred car loads. During the twelve months ending October, 1881, these shipments amounted to five hundred car loads. Besides extras, six reg- ular freights leave on the Hannibal & St. Joseph. At the union passen- ger depot sixteen regular trains of the Hannibal & St. Joseph, and the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific, arrive and depart daily. The coal yards, engine houses, etc., of the two roads are located in the immediate neigh- borhood of the union passenger depot, which is situated just beyond the coporate limits of the town, in a thickly settled resident neighborhood, which naturally clustered around the depot on its location at that point. CHAPTER XX. MEXICAN WAR. NEWS -ENTHUSIASM IN llaviiii,' reached a period in the history of Clinton County — 1846, the date of the breaking out of the Me.xican War, we cannot refrain from making a brief reference to the part the county took in that event- ful and memorable struggle. Being then almost upon the the very borders of civilization, the news concerning events happening at a remote distance from it, was carried by stage, routes, post riders, and steamboats, and of course the people of the county did not hear of the war with Mexico until after the occurrence of two or three sanguinary battles, between that nation and the United States, and even after hearing of the declaration of war, upon the part of ]\Ie.xico, they were not inclined to give it full credence, as will be seen by the following, which we take from a newspaper issued in May, 1S46, then published in an adjoining county : "\V.\R WITH MEXICO. " We learn from a gentleman from Independence, that news was received at that place of a declaration of war against the United States by Mexico. The news appears a little improbable, but from the con- duct of Mexico lately, we would not be serprised if such were the case." On the 22d of May following, the vague rumors of war had been confirmed, and the same paper, in its issue of that date, said : " In our paper, this week, will be found all the war news that we have received, which we publish to the exclusion of other matter, deem- ing that, at this particular crisis, nothing so much interests our readers as the situation of our army on the Rio Grande, and the feeling with which the announcement of actual hostilities has been received in vari- ous parts of the Union. We are now looking with painful anxiety for later intelligence from the seat of war ; we say painful, for notwithstand- ing the great confidence we have in the bravery and patriotism of our army, both officer and soldier, the fact cannot be disguised by the most earnest desire for the contrary, that Point Isabel, and General Taylor's 340 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. camp were, at the latest advices, in a precarious situation. We do hope, however, that long ere this time, the battle has been fought and won by our army — it must, it cannot but be so. That Mexicans can come into our country, upon our soil, and either hold in duress, or vanquish our army, we cannot, we will not believe. We hope our next intelligence will be that General Taj'lor has driven back the invading foe, and that ere long we shall hear of our army on the other side of the Rio Grande, bearing itself as is becoming in the present emergency. Doubtless a military expedition will soon be ordered against New Mexico and California, and our government will not fail to take possession of these countries immediately." During the month of May, Governor Edwards, of Missouri, called for volunteers to join the " Army of the West," in an expedition to Sante Fe, under command of General Stephen W. Kearney. Although Clinton County was thinly populated at the breaking out of the Mexican war, and hence furnished no distinctive Clinton County company, yet her young men were filled with the spirit of the hour, and joined companies from other counties. James H. Long and Henry Quine attached themselves to the Clay County company, commanded by Captain O. P. Moss, which followed the illustrious Doniphan from Fort Leavenworth to Santa Fe, and thence southward to a junction with Taylor at Saltillo, in Lower Mexico, fighting on their way the battles of Sacramento and Chihuahua. At the battle of Sacramento, Colonel Don- iphan, with his volunteers, numbering 924 men and six pieces of artillery, met and fought 4,000 Mexicans, under General Heredia, who was posted with ten pieces of artillery. The Mexicans were defeated, with a loss of 300 killed and 40 prisoners, and all their artillery and baggage taken. The American loss was one killed and eight wounded. The New York Post of July, 1847, in comparing Colonel Doniphan's expedition with that made by Xonophon in olden times, says : "The Greeks were led from near Babylon, through Armina to the Black Sea, thence to Crysopolis, 3,465 English miles. It was accom- plished in fifteen months, and a large part of it through a mountainous and an unknown hostile country, the Greeks losing everj-thing except their lives and arms. "Doniphan and the Missourians traveled over 6,000 miles in twelve inonths, neither receiving supplies nor money, but li\'ing exclusively on the country through which they passed, and supplying themselves with powder and balls, by capturing them from the enemy, and victorious in all the engagements against greatly superior forces, numerically. These are the two most remarkable expeditions that have ever occurred." W. J. Biggerstaff, Halet Jackson, Cyrus Jackson, Thomas J.Morrow, Charles C. Birch, James H. Birch, Jr., Hart Peak and Romulus E. Culver, attached themselves to the Santa Fe Battalion, under command of Major HISTORV OF CLINTON COUNTY. 341 John Walker, which became famous for its desperate charge at the battle of Santa Cruz, under the eye and command of Sterling Price. Of these, Jacob Miller, Halet Jackson and James H. Birch, Jr., are .still living in Clinton County; the balance are all believed to be dead, except Bigger- staff, who resides in California. Col. James H. Birch is believed to be the youngest living Mexican soldier, not yet being fifty years of age, and at the time of his discharge held the position of corporal in the body guard of General Sterling Price. A number of men from this county crossed the plains during the war, as teamsters. James Ditmars joined the Platte Company, under command of Captain Jesse Moran. CHAPTER XXI. CALIFORNIA GOLD EXCITEMENT. FLATTERING ACCOUNTS-NAMES OF MEN WHO WENT FROM CLINTON COUNTY-CALI- FORNIA ENTERPRISE COMPANY-ADDRESS OF COLONEL BLACK-LETTERS-CALI- FORNIA EMIGRANT SONG-CHOLERA— NUMBER OF EMIGRANTS. " The plague of gold strikes far and near— And deep and strong it enters ; Our thoughts grow blank, our words grow strange, We cheer the pale gold diggers; Each soul is worth so much on change, And marked like sheep, with figures." No doubt the desire for gold has been a mainspring of all progress and enterprise in the county from the beginning till the present time, and will so continue till remote ages. Generally, however, this desire has been manifested in the usual avenues of thrift, industry and enter- prise. On one occasion it passed the bounds of reason and assumed the character of a mania. The gold mania first broke out in the fall of 184S, when stories began to be first spread abroad of the wonderful richness of the placer mines of California. The excitement grew daily, feeding on the marvelous reports that came from the Pacific Slope, and nothing was talked of but the achievements of gold diggers. The papers were replete with the most extravagant stories, and yet the excitement was so great that the gravest and most incredulous men were smitten with the contagion, and hurriedly left their homes and all that was dear to them on earth, to try the dangers, difficulties, and uncertainties of hunting gold. In the St. Joseph Gazette of October 27, 1848, published at that period, we find the following : "An immense bed of gold, one hundred miles in extent, has been discovered in California, on American Fork and Feather Rivers, tribu- taries of the Sacramento and Monterey. Mr. Colton, the Alcade of Monterey, states that the gold is found in the sands in grains resembling squirrel shot flattened out. Some grains weigh one ounce each. It is got by washing out the sand in any vessel, from a tea saucer to a warming- pan. A single person can gather an ounce or two a day ; some even a hundred dollars worth. Two thousand whites and as many Indians are on the grounds. All the American settlements are deserted, and farm- HISTORY OF CLIXTOX COUXTV. 343 ing nearly suspended. The women only remain in the settlements. Sailors and captains desert the ships, to go to the gold region, and labor- ers refuse ten dollars a day to work on the farms. Mr. Colton says : 'One man, who resides next door to me, gathered five hundred dollars worth in six days. He has one lump which weighs over one ounce. A trough, such as you feed pigs in, will bring in the gold region fifty dollars. Put a piece of sheet iron, punched with holes on it, and it will bring a hundred. My friend, J. R., paid sixteen dollars for a little basket, and his companion gave twenty dollars for a teapot, all to wash out gold in.' More than twenty-eight thousand dollars worth had been collected. Governor Mason and his aid had gone to the district, which is five daj-s journey from Montere\-. " The sailors have gone for gold from the ships, and the soldiers from their camps, for the same purpose. The last vessel that left the coast was obliged to ship an entire new crew, and pay each fifty dollars per month. No one can be hired to dig gold, short of sixteen to twenty dollars a day. h-verj' man prefers to work on his own hook ; he may make less than the wages offered, but he has a chance of making much more. There flour is worth thirty-two dollars per barrel ; fifteen pounds of Boston crackers in tin boxes, ten dollars a box; a cotton shirt, ten dollars; boards, five hundred dollars per one hundred feet. A carpenter can get one hundred dollars a day. Mr. L. paid for a common cradle trough, twelve feet by three wide, to wash gold earth in, one hundred and fifty dollars ; less than a day's work to make it." Day after day, and month after month, were the papers filled with just such glowing accounts from California. Instead of dying out, the fever mounted higher and higher. It was too late to cross the plains, but thousands of people throughout the state began their preparations for starting the following spring, and among the number were many in Clinton County. The one great subject of discussion about the firesides and in the log cabins that winter, was the gold of California. It is said that at one time the majority of the able- bodied men of the county were unsettled in mind and were considering the project of starting to California. Even the most thoughtful and sober-minded found it difficult to resist the infection. Wonderful sights were seen when this great emigration passed through — sights that may never be again seen in the county, perhaps. Some of the wagons were drawn by cows ; other gold-hunters went on foot and hauled their worldly goods in hand-carts. The gold-hunters generally had left the moralities of life behind them, and were infested with a spirit of disorder and demoralization. The settlers breathed easier when they had passed. Early in the spring of 1849 the rush began. It must ha\c been scene to beggar all description. There was one continuous line of 344 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. wagons from east to west as far as the eye could reach, moving steadily westward, and, like a cyclone, drawing into its course on the right and left many of those along its pathway. The gold-hunters from Clinton County crowded eagerly into the gaps in the wagon-trains, bidding fare- well to their nearest and dearest friends, and many of them never to be seen again on earth. Sadder farewells were never spoken. Many of the gold-hunters left their quiet, peaceful homes only to find in the " Far West" utter disappointment and death. Very, very few of them ever gained anything, and the great majority lost everything, including even their lives, "their fortunes, and their sacred honor." The persons who really gained by the gold excitement were those who remained at home, and sold their produce to the gold crazy emigrants. The rush continued until about the first of June, 1850, when the great surging tide began to abate, although belated gold seekers continued to pass through the country for some time. But the excitement began to die away, and those citizens who had judgment enough to resist the contagion now settled down in quiet, to pursue the even tenor of their way. Among the scores of men who went to California from Clinton County, we have been enabled to gather but comparatively few names, especially the names of men who were organized into companies. The following list will doubtless be remember as being a portion of the company that left here in the spring of 1850, under the command of Captain Chesly Woodward : Chesly Woodward, Enos Woodward, Lance Woodward, F. M. Woodward, Chesly Woodward, Jr., John Westbrook, Nelson Web- ster, John Greer, Mat. Greer, Adolphus Baldwin, Thomas Baldwin, Jacob Miller, Martin Miller, Thomas J. Thorp, Jerome Wood, James Barnes, Wash Thompson, Titus Thompson, L. B. Thatcher, Green Lancaster, Manford Lancaster, John L. Stoneman, M. Shoemaker, P. B. Shoemaker, Joseph Shoemaker, Jacob R. Ellenberger, Alfred D. Biggerstaff. Thousands of these California emigrants crossed at St. Joseph, and other points on the Missouri River, some of them went as far up, before crossing, as Nebraska City. The Missouri was crossed in ferry boats, but, after leaving this river, these companies were compelled to either ford or swim all streams on their road to California. One of the largest companies that passed through this section of country, was the CALIFORNIA ENTERPRISE COMPANY, composed of several hundred men from Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. Of course the departure of so many men, from their homes to the distant gold fields, was quite an event, and it often happened that the friends, and neighbors of those who were to embark, met, en viassc, to express their regrets and good wishes in a public address. We present a por- tion of the speech of Col. S. W. Black, of Pittsburg, made to the above insTORV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 345 named company, on the eve of their departure from that city, to show the friendly and pleasant custom of those days : " J/i' Fricin/s: — I have but a few words to say at parting. What I do say will come from the heart. I trust that whatever of good and truth I may deliver, may reach your hearts. Before your return you will have seen no little of the world ; what you see will be so much learned beyond what you now know. Hence, at the very out-going of your enterprise, you have a good object in view. Some persons complain of these expeditions as being sordid and unworthy ; to go and dig for gold, they say, is not meritorious, but culpable. I, for one, do not think so. All the world is a gold digger — rather, indeed, a gold scratcher — and it often happens, that, in scratching too greedily, we bring away the skin of one anothers' faces — betimes the flesh of one anothers' bones. "The farmer in the field, the mechanic in the shop, the merchant in the store, and the lawyer in his pursuit, chose their daily business for gold. Even the preacher does not work unpaid. This is all right, and according to the purpose of our creation. Our Father has planted gold in the earth for the benefit of His children. To make it by merit is noble and deserving of praise. To accumulate it with proper motives is meri- torious. To lose it is mean and condemned of God. * * * You are starting upon a long and perilous journey. Allow me, then, to make a few suggestions, which may not in the end be worthless. You leave without a flag. Make a banner for yourselves and cling to it. Inscribe upon its folds ' Fraternity' and ' Friendship.' Let the same devo- tion inspire you that actuates the soldier for the standard of his country. In all things be one. A perfect unity of interest and affection will make you prosperous and invincible. Organize yourselves into companies — elect judicious and skillful officers — men of intelligence and nerve. When you give them the power of direction always sustain them in its lawful exercise. Discipline is essential to your safety and success. Each day start early on your marches ; you will then escape the injurious effect of exposure to the sun, and find yourselves early in camp. It is probable you will encounter danger. To meet it successtully you must be accus- tomed to act together. Americans vanquished Mexicans and Indians by a union of discipline with courage. "I know that your messes have ardent spirits among their stores. These may be useful or pernicious in proportion to the judgment with which they are used. In the life in which you are acting you will find occasional necessity for the use of stimulants. They are serviceable only when the system is prostrated by disease or exposure. "A kind hearted friend has just requested me to say that if there are an\- of the expedition without Bibles, he will be happy now to furnish them. It does not become me, perhaps, to speak of a subject so grave 346 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. and serious, yet I can say that this, the ' Book of Books,' is the best com- panion you can take with you ; it is a never-failing reliance. "In the center of our city, or around the circle of our continent; among the busy scenes of active life, or on the prairie, where the pilgrim sees no mark but the foot-prints of wild beast or the savage — it is a per- petual adaptation to every exigency of man's career. "To-day I saw in a paper the declaration ot one of you, that 'in all his wanderings he would carry his Bible in the bottom of his trunk.' Let me suggest an improvement. Deposit it on the top, that every time the trunk is opened it may remind you that you have not looked into it that day for wisdom and counsel. You are surrounded by a thousand anxious beating heats, every one of which swell with aspiration for your success and safe return. The general prayer is, and will be, 'that no evil will befall you nor any plague come near your dwelling.' Come back enriched, and make your riches a blessing to the destitute at home. The hour of grief hangs heavy in the hearts of man)-. Let them have no other cause of sorrow than this separation. Your incoming will be a day of bright and thrilling joy. The tear that stands still in the eye, or follows its fellows across the feverish and scalded cheek, will be replaced with dia- monds. The red autumn of present sadness will pass away, and in due season the glorious summer will succeed, bringing its golden harvest." Many letters were received from these gold seekers shortly after their arrival in California. From some of these letters wc ha\-e made the following extracts: "I have concluded to write you and let you know that all are well who started in the pack-mule compan)-, up to date. We arrived in this country on the 1st of August ; had many ups and downs on the road, but lost none of our stock by the Indians. And now a little about California and the prospects for making money. Lewis, Love and myself bought a small grocery in Sacramento City, for which we paid $i,8oo — on a short credit — three week's time. We kept it a short time, made $250 each, and sold it out. Brother David went to the mines, and uj) to this time has made $1,600. I went and worked eight days. The spot of ground I had was about large enough to lay down on. The first day I made $200 ; the second day $220, and in eight days $900. The St. Joseph boys are doing well. The most of them are making from half an ounce to three ounces per day. David and myself will go into the cattle trade or sell groceries. We can buy cattle from $30 to $50 per yoke — fat cattle arc worth from $75 to $150, and in the mines $75 cents per pound. There is an abundance of Spanish cattle here, but they are hard to drive in the mines, it requiring six or eight Spaniards to drive a small herd of twent)-, and that at a cost of an ounce per daj-. There is an abundance of pro- vision here. If you had the potatoes alone in California which will be sold in a town like St. Joseph to-day, you might rest contented the bal- IIISWRV 0\- CI.IXTOX COUNTY. 347 aiice of your days. I have been up the Sacramento River lOO miles and up Feather River 50 miles, and I have seen but a few spots of land worth cultivating. I have seen a great many of our old friends from Upper Missouri, the most of whom are rich and doing well. I saw Charley Covaloe and Nigh ; they are both rich. While man}- men who crossed the plains this summer are making money, others are here who are not making their salt, and are very much dissatisfied and are going home every day. The gold here is very hard to get, and if a person makes a fortune by gold digging he must expect to endure a great deal of fatigue. Men with families are making fortunes by washing and boarding. Girls are in great demand here; all the\' ha\-e to do, is to name their pile of gold-dust and a husband is at their command immediately." Another extract : ■■ I arrived here from the mines on Bear Ri\er about a week since. D. D. Williams is going into business in the dry diggings, about sixty miles from this place. 'Old man Williams' and myself are going 200 miles up the Sacramento to mine. We are all partners, and carry on mining and merchandising or trading. We have made about $2,000, in cash, since we came, which we have invested, and will make thousands or lose. Samuel Love, Ryan, and Andrews are here and have done well. Any person that will work can make mone}-. Yoir recollect Cornwall, that stayed at Dawsons .' — he is here, and is worth, I suppose, a quarter of a million. Stratton was burned on a pile or stake by the Indians, a short time since. William Nicholson died night before last." The following extract is dated at Coloma, September 15, 1849: '• I have lived here about one year ; have been engaged in the mines since last spring, and by being prudent and industrious ha\e realized something for my trouble. I cannot say when I will return, perhaps in two or three )^ears, perhaps never, although I will come as soon as I can to see my mother, and prevent her from crossing the Rocky Moun- tains, for I think such a trip dangerous and unnecessary. I would advise ni}- friends and relations to remain where they are." CAIJl'OKNIA E.\11GU.\NT SONG " Farewell, fartwcil, my nalive l.iiiH, I leave thee only wiih a si^h. To wander o'er a foreign slranJ, Perchance to live— perchance tn die. Adieu my friends whom kindred ties Unite, ih.iugh distant we may rove, How ardent as time onward flies. Fond memory clings to thoje we love. The few admirtd - the one beloved. Among the living and the dead, Whose constancy we sternly proved. Ah ! whither are those dear ones fled ? 348 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. Some have we left at happy homes, While some, alas ! exist no more, And o'er their graves unheeding roams Each breeze that sweeps Miami's shore. O'er the broad plains far away, Beyond the Ro.ky Mountain crest, Our wayward feet awhile shall stray, And press the gold-besprinkled west. But mid the gaudy scenes of strife. Where Gold to Pride enchantment lends, We'll ne'er forget that boon of life- Companions dear and faithful friends. And in the lapse of coming years, Should fortune be not too unkind. We'll hope reward for parting tears. In smiles from those we left behind. We go— yet hoping to return. Friends of our youth, to home and you ; For these do cause our hearts to yearn. E'en when we sigh Adieu — Adieu." Cholera made its appearance in this section about the last of April, 1849, brought, as supposed, by steamboat from St. Louis, and disappeared in June following. Some of the citizens died with this disease, but it was mostly prevalent and fatal among the emigrants who were at the time encamping in and around the town. During the same summer the chol- era spread among the Indian tribes across the river, and many of them died. In order to give some estimate of the number of emigrants that passed through this western country during the California gold excite- ment, we will give the number that crossed the river at St. Joseph to June 15, 1849, two months and a half, beginning from April 1st : The number of wagons that had crossed here at that time was 1,508, which would average about four men to the wagon, making 6,032. At Duncan's ferry, four miles above St. Joseph, 685 wagons had crossed, and at Bontown, Savannah, and the ferries as far up as the Bluffs, 2,000, making the number of wagons 4,193. iO,oa) persons had crossed at Independ- ence, making a total of 27,000 persons. There were about eight mules or oxen to each wagon, making the number 37,544 of mules and o.xen. At the time of the treaty of Gaudaloupe Hidalgo, the population of California did not exceed thirty thousand, while at the time of which we are writing, (1850), there were more than one hundred and fifty thousand people who had found their way thither, of which number, at least one hundred thousand were gold-hunters from the states. The evil effects of this gold mania upon the moral status of the United States are still seen and felt, and among all classes of society. It has popularized the worship of Mammon to an alarming extent, and to this worship, in a great measure, is attributed the moral declension of to-day. CHAPTER XXII. CIVIL WAR, AND THE p:VENTS OF 1866. SITUATION IX iSao-e.-MEETINGS-CONVENTlONS-STATE OF FEEI.ING-SOLDIERS-BU3H- WHACKERS-MILITIA-CRIME- BLOODSHED-ARREST AND MURDER OF REV. A. H F. PAVNE-PEACE PROCLAMATION— PEACE JUBILEE IN CLINTON COUNTY-OVATION to RETURNED SOLDIERS— ADDRESS OF THOMAS J POKTER-NAMES AND RANK OF UNION AND CONFEDERATE SOLDIERS-SPEECHES OF GENERALS SHIELDS, BLAIR AND OTHERS-THE TWO TICKETS— " TEST OATH "-REJECTED VOTERS-ELECTION -REPUBLICANS DECLARED ELECTED— JUDGE BIRCH GIVES NOTICE OF CONTEST- VAN HORN TAKES HIS SEAT IN CONGRESS. The >-ear i860, was one of great political excitement. The division of the Democracy, and the nomination by the respective elements of Douglas and Breckenridge, rendered the election of Mr. Lincoln abso- lutely certain. The Democracy of Clinton, as appears from the vote of that year, were almost equally divided — the Douglas vote being only a few over that of Breckenridge — while the vote for Mr. Bell was nearly equal to the combined vote for Douglas and Breckinridge, and the vote for Mr. Lincoln being only ten. The secession of South Carolina, fol- lowed by si.x other states, so intensified the feeling that the Legislature of Missouri passed an act to elect ninety-nine delegates, to take into consideration, &c. The whole question in all its bearings was thus brought before the people. The Union element nominated the late Judge James H. Birch, while the other element nominated the Reverend A. H. F. Payne. Mr. Payne was a highly intelligent gentleman, a large farmer and a minister of the Christian Church, but more conservative than those who put him forward. The difference in the platforms upon which they were placed, was not so positive as were the feelings and sentiments of the leading spirits upon each side. They felt that their duty was as much as possible to keep down and harmonize the feelings of the people — who were largely Southern born — and on all the ques- tions, but the one main question, were of one mind. Hence we find in the platform upon which Judge Birch was nominated, a resolution as follows : Resolved, That the possession of slave property is a constitutional right, and as such ought to be ever recognized by the Federal Govern- ment; that if the Federal Government shall fail and refuse to secure this right, the Soutern States should be found united in its defense, in which event Missouri will share the common danger of the South. 3 50 HISTORY OF CI.IXTON COUNTY. It was preceded by some fundamental propositions, as follows : " That we are warmly attached to the government under which we live ; that we recognize the Federal union as the great preservative of our liberties ; that under it we have, by God's providence, prospered beyond all other people ; that, under this government, we are respected abroad, prosperous at home and fast taking our position as the leading nation of the earth. Valuing as we do, thus highly, the American Union, we should regard its dissolution as eminentl)- disastrous to our country and as tending to suppress the cause of national liberty through- out the world." This meeting was presided over by William Carpenter, one of the oldest Whigs in the county ; and the committee which reported the resolutions was composed of Thomas E. Turney, Samuel S. Trice, W. G. Biggerstaff, G. B. White, George Funkhouser, Holman Block, and John M. McMichael. The election for disloyalty in this district resulcd in a choice ot Hon. George W. Dunn, then as now on the circuit court bench ; Robert D. Ray, of Carroll, now on the supreme bench ; and James H. Birch. The matter having been submitted to a convention of ninety-nine picked men, the excitement in the country subsided. The action of the convention tended to consolidate public sentiment in peaceful channels. The firing on Fort Sumter, the action of Virginia, the call of the president for troops, the refusal of Governor Jackson to supply Missouri's contingent, the concentration of state troops under General Frost, and their forced surrender to General Lyon, set the people in a furor of excitement. A company was raised in this county, Cunnlow, captain, for service under Governor Jackson's call. This company was principally made up of the young men of the county, who, filled with high resolves, thought their duty lay in supporting, with their lives, the cause of the South. Under an act of the Legislature, Governor Jackson had ordered an enrollment of the able bodied men, preparatory to a draft. This act excited the Union men, who, in their resolve not to be conscripted to fight against their convictions of duty, organized themselves into companies to resist the execution of the law. One company was raised in Cameron, and William H. Edgar, who was afterwards killed at Shiloh, was elected Cap- tain, the Fishing River Company elected Hugh L. W. Rogers captain, the Castile Company elected Archibald Grooms captain, and the Platts- burg Company elected James H. Birch, Jr., captain. John Steel was quietly organizing a cavalry company for United States service. The tendency of things in this county was dangerous, and a collision was inevitable. The older heads saw clearly the outlook, and while they divided on the issues, as did the younger ones, yet they were friends and had lived long enough to be very charitable to each other, and tolerant of personal opinions. They therefore met at the college building by IIISTOKV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 351 appointment, and, after discussing the questions, resolved, that while they could not harmonize their feelings or opinions, yet, they would dis- countenance any personal or local violence, and that each side might hold, in peace, their opinions, and join and fight under their respective banners, but keep their peace toward one another at home. This state of feeling predominated until the ist day of Sei)tember, 1861. The respective sides engaged in recruiting their armies. Col. Bo}-d had a confederate regiment encamped in Wharton's pasture, on Castile Creek, ready to march, as it did march, to join Price in his attack on Mulligan, at Lexington, fighting, on its way, the celebrated Blue Mills fight, against the Third Iowa Regiment. It was on that day that some one destroyed the Platte River bridge, on the Hannibal & St. Joseph Rail- road, which let the passenger train into that river, resulting in the death of many persons, including Cutler, the conductor. Who did it, and what was the motive, has never transpired. On that day, a company of men belonging to Boyd's regiment were in Plattsburg to bury Young Kelley, who was killed at Wilson's Creek. They were in command of Major Bostwick, and, after the burial services were over, they arrested Colonel John Steel, and a detachment of men under Bostwick proceeded to the residence of Colonel Birch, south of town, to arrest him. Colonel Birch, who had had some intimation of danger, had armed himself heavily, and defied Major Bostwick to arrest him. The major, with great prudence and to avoid the shedding of blood, retired, and shortly returned with an increased force of soldiers. At this turn of affairs. Colonel B., seeing it useless to contend with such a force, mounted his horse, and, reaching Prairie Park, the home of his father, informed him of the condition of affairs, and they both that night pro- ceeded to Cameron, where they were joined by Captain Rogers and his company, Captain Groom and his company, Captain Edgar's company, with detachments of men from Caldwell, Daviess and DeKalb, and sOon had a force of 400 men. The camp here established was, for the time being, the headquarters of military operations in Northwest Missouri. Here was organized and mustered into service Major James' battalion, consisting of Edgar's company, from Clinton ; and Plum's company from Caldwell ; also Major Cox's battalion, consisting of Bollington's and other companies. These were state forces, under Governor Gamble, and mustered into service for six months. These irregular and temporary commands were afterwards transmuted into the Sixth Missouri Cavalry, commanded by Colonel E. C. Catherwood. One of the companies of this regiment was composed of the flower of the young men of the county. The roster of Company F showed that its captain was Charles C. Bassett, now one of the leading lawyers in South Missouri. Its first lieutenant was Daniel M. Birch, just fresh from the Virginia University, and afterwards its captain; D. C. McMichael was a lieutenant, and after- 352 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. wards its captain, and who was subsequently killed while leading an attack against the Modoc Indians, in the lava beds of Oregon. Com- pany B stood pre-eminent in the brigade, and its records show that for drill, discipline and behavior, it was the first, while the desperate and gallant charge it made at Pineville, under Captain Birch, proved that it was entitled to rank as first among the bravest. Captain Edgar's company of infantry, made up, in part, of the Seventeenth Missouri, and it being a part of General Benton's brigade, received the first onset of the Confederate troops, and its commander was among the first to offer up his life .in that great battle. In November, 1861, a concerted movement was understood to be in progrees to arrest the members of the convention, who had assumed the right to rule the state — had deposed Governor Jackson and placed H. R. Gamble in his place. In furtherance of this object the late Judge James H. Birch was arrested and taken to General Price's camp on Sac River. If the movement was intended to arrest the whole convention, it failed, as Judge Birch was the only one who was arrested. About the same time General Halleck had arrested Major David Wright, who was also a member of the convention, and the two being of equal rank and civilians, they were exchanged for one another. Judge Birch was taken from his residence, about three o'clock in the morning, by a band of armed men, and taken to Platte County, thence through Clay and Ray, and across the river at Lexington. His arrest caused great excitement, and numerous arrests were made in retaliation by the Federal troops, and, for a while, it was feared that serious consequences would result, as it was not known what the object of his arrest was. But such men as Judge Robert Johnson and Dr. (now Senator.) Bland — southern men — penetrated into Clay County and were enabled to report from Judge Birch himself that no personal violence need be feared, when the citi- zens who had been arrested as hostages were discharged. As the winter of 1861-62 progressed, the feelings that had separated the citizens began to subside, and those who had been forced to flee, to return. Col. James H. Birch, Jr., who had in the meantime been placed upon the staff of Governor Gamble with the rank of colonel, returned home and resumed the practice of the law. A great many of the Confederates, whose term of enlistment had expired, came home under the proclama- tion of Governor Gamble and took the oath of allegiance, and resumed their duties as citizens. The year of 1862 was marked with no outbreak. The citizens were peaceablj- attending to their personal affairs. Those who had military desires joined the flag which they preferred to fight under, and quiet and peaceful desires were the order of the day. The year 1863 opened in the same spirit, and but for the appearance of cer- tain parties in our midst, would have continued. The county was thrown into the most violent commotion and fear by two of the most HISTORY OK CLINTON COUNTY. 353 fearful and bloody murders of the war. A detachment of Colorado troops had penetrated the county and had plundered oLir merchants, Mr. John E. Shawhan beinij robbed of more than ten thousand dollars. A portion of the Twenty-fifth Missouri succeeded them, and were induced to kill Captain John Reed, one of the oldest, most respectable and peaceable citizens of the county. His death was consummated with peculiar atrocity. At the same time the Rev. A. H. F. Payne, who had been the opponent of Judge Birch for the convention, was taken from home, and after being kept for two days, brutally shot. Mr. Payne was quietly pursuing his avocation as a farmer and minister, and had protec- tion papers in his pocket from Go\ernor Hall and Major Bassett. It was understood that others had been marked for destruction, but it was hard work to induce the Missouri soldiers to carry out the bloody purposes of those who had originated these murders, and it was arranged for another Colorado regiment to come into the county, but General Schofield promptly ordered them from the state, which order reached them when taking dinner three miles south of Plattsburg, and thus was frustrated what might have been one of the bloodiest chapters of the whole war, as several prominent Union men had been marked, because they had given voice to their indignation at the murders which had been committed. The result of this style of warfare brought its natural results, for it was not long before a band of bushwhackers, being a part of Quantrell's band under Lieutenant Gregg, put in their appearance, and took the town, robbed the treasury and set fire to the records in the court house. This band being unable to catch the men whom they believed had caused the death of Captain Reed and Mr. Payne, were prevailed on to leave the town with- out doing any one any personal violence. Judge Culver and the late Mr. Winslow Turner were the spirits which prevented any violence. The advent of these guerrillas brought a great many of the militia from other counties, and for a while the earth seemed turned into a place of torment. No one felt that he was safe, either in person or property. The militiaman for the time being was king, and all subordinate powers took their cue accordingly. The Rev. A. H. F. Payne, to whom reference has been made in this chapter, was a native of Mason County, Kentucky, where he was born on the 4th day ot April, [807. In 1836, he settled in Clay County, Mis- souri, and in 1854. he became a resident of Clinton County, locating near Plattsburg, where he resided at the time of his death. He had been a minister of the gospel for twenty-nine years, and was regarded as one of the most eloquent, successful and acceptable preachers belonging to the Christian Church. Below we give the circumstances of his death, as narrated by his gifted and highly accomplished daughter : 354 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. MISS LUCILLA PAYNE'S ACCOUNT OF THE ARREST AND MURDER OF HER FATHER, AUGUSTUS H. F. PAYNE. In the winter of 1862, when Major-General Halleck's order No. 29 appeared, my father became convinced he could not stay at home with- out molestation ; consequently he went to St. Joseph, to effect an arrangement with the military authorities by which he could remain at home in peace. General Loan, who was in command at St. Joseph, required him to file a bond in the penalty of four thousand dollars, con- ditioned for his good behavior, etc., but through the influence of W. P. Hall, then Lieut. Governor of the State, it was reduced to two thousand dollars. He at first, by the terms of this bond, was confined to six counties, but finding his sacred duties required a more extended field, he applied for, and obtained, a. /tass from Major J. M. Bassett, Provost Mar- shal, to go any where in the Federal lines, and with this he went to and fro, unquestioned. During the summer of 1863, a band of bushwhackers, under Hart, kept all northwest Missouri in a state of fermentation. Whenever a Radical became alarmed at their daring raids, or wished to wreak his personal malice upon an enemy, and rid himself of a danger- ous rival, all he had to do was to go before some petty officer, state his life or property was in danger, and thereupon the enemy or rival was selected as a victim, and murdered. My father was such a victim. A league, more dark and terrible than that of the 'Inquisition, sped the bolts of death. Private soldiers were used as instruments in the hands of radical citizens, and officers steathily guided the fatal messenger of death to their victim's heart. Jo. Hart, knowing, by some means, that the militia of Clinton County were withdrawn to Clay County, on a scout, took advantage of their absence to make a raid on Plattsburg — robbed the county treasury, a few individuals, and left at his leisure, without hurting anybody except one citizen, who was accidentally shot. The greatest excitement followed, and everybody expected the defense- less citizens would, in some way, be made to pay the penalty of the neg- ligence of those in power. My father was in Buchanan County, holding a meeting, when the raid occurred. A few days afterward, my brother, then a mere boy, was sent to Plattsburg, on business. Whilst there, he was arrested and kept under guard all day, accused of being with bush- whackers, which he stoutly denied and defied them to the proof Find- ing he would not be frightened, he was released and sent home with a verbal order from the provost marshal, for my father to report to him the following Wednesday. The citizens were ordered to meet and devise some means to suppress bushwhackers. Well knowing that they were unarmed, and being violently opposed to bushwhacking, my father had no objection to expressing his true sentiments, especially if by so doing he could be instrumental in restoring quiet. In connection with Judge Birch and other conservative men they passed and signed a series of anti-bushwhacking resolutions. After the meeting adjourned, a squad of soldiers surrounded my father and endeavored to force him into a drink- ing saloon to treat them. He firmly refused, but finally, to escape their insults, went into a store and bought them some tobacco. A company of the Missouri Twenty-fifth (Colonel Harding's regi- ment), under Captain Coleman, was stationed in Plattsburg about ten days afterward, and the great excitement in consequence of the raid had IIISTORV OF CI.INTOX COLNTV. 355 in a :jreat measure subsided. My father went in and out of town, when- ever business or inclination prompted, unmolested. He received in the meantime a letter from Nashville, stating that a dear niece had been sentenced to Alton prison under the persecution of General Rosecrans. He determined to make an effort for her release. With this view he went to St. Joseph to obtain the influi-nce of the resident authorities, and received from General W. P. Hall a letter of introduction to Major General Schofield, then commanding the Department of the Missouri. He also saw Colonel Harding at St. Joseph for the purpose of obtaining pay for si.x wagon loads of corn which had been taken from him and vouchers given for only fifty bushels, at twenty cents per bushe., which account Colonel Harding refused to have paid. My father reached home on the morning of the 3d of June. After finding the family well, and spending some time with us, he left the house without telling any one wl^ere he was going. But, as his visual custom was to walk over the premises after being several days absent, we supposed he was somewhere on the farm. He had been gone but a short time when we saw a large squad of soldiers advancing toward the house. My mother, without waiting to see what they wanted, sent my little brother in quest of him, to acquaint him with the fact. They halted at the fence, and a lieutenant with two men came to the house. I met them at the hall door. The lieutenant asked if that was the resi- dence of the Rev. Mr. Payne. I replied that it was. He then asked for him. I told him I did not know where he was, and inquired what he wanted with him. He refused to answer, but asked for my mother. When mother came he made the same inquiries of her that he had of me, but told her he had an order for her husband's arrest, and that he would search the house. She told them he was welcome to search ; that my father was not in it ; that had he known of their coming he would not have left ; he had done nothing to lead him to fear them or any other soldiers ; that he was well known to the military authorities of the dis- trict, and had "protection papers" from General Hall and Major Bassett. He replied that neither Hall nor Bassett were any authority to him; that he belonged to the United States service and not to the state militia. He then ordered his men to search the house, saying that if my father gave himself up it would be well, and if not he would shoot him, intimating that he was hiding from him. Before searching the house I asked him to let me see his orders. He said he never showed them to ladies. I then asked by whose orders he was acting. He said, "Colonel Harding's. ' "When did you receive the orders .' "The evening before." I then told him I thought it exceedingly strange that Colonel Harding did not detain my father in St. Joseph the day before ; that he had just returned from there; had seen Colonel Harding, and transacted business with him ; that it would have been more e.xpeditious as well as more (Certain to have kept him when he had him, rather than take the trouble of sending thirty-five miles for him. He grew very angry, and said it was none of my business to question him. I replied I claimed to be a lady, and I hoped he would treat me as one ; that he had said he was here for the purpose of arresting my father, and that what concerned him concerned me ; that in questioning him I only mani- fested a daughter's interest in a father's welfare. He seemed some- what mollified, and apologized for the roughness of his speech, say- 356 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. ing, "Certainly, Miss Payne, I accord you that privilege; but you must know that a soldier has no discretion in such matters. Your father is a perfect stranger to me ; I would not know him if I were to see him. I know no cause for his arrest, but it is my duty, as a subaltern, to obey the orders of my superior officers." I then asked. if he would take my father immediately to St. Joseph, as his' orders emanated from there. He replied, "No, only to Plattsburg. I shall there turn him over to Cap- tain Coleman, who will send him to Colonel Harding." M}- sister accompanied the men through the house. They merely walked through the rooms, not making any search, being convinced he was not in it. The men scattered over the yard and garden, helping themselves to whatever they pleased. The lieutenant seated himself in the hall and talked in an insolent tone about "bushwhackers." My mother answered that citizens were not responsible for bushwhackers, as they had been disarmed and were themse'ves defenseless ; that those who had the arms ought to get them out of the country ; that her hus- band, being from home the greater part of his time in the discharge of his ministerial duties, knew very little about such matters, probably less than any other man in the community. He again reiterated in the most positive manner that so far as Mr. Payne was concerned lie had no charges against him of any kind ; he was obeying those higher in author- ity than himself in seeking to arrest him. My father had dropped in at a neighbor's house to while away a social hour, and there my little brother found him. Conscious of his own integrity, he felt he had no reason to shun any one, so upon receiving the information, he immediately returned home. I met him at the gate and told him what was on the tapis whilst walking with him to the front door. The lieutenant arose as my father approached, and said he pre- sumed he addressed the Rev. Mr. Payne. My father told him he did. He then introduced himself as Lieutenant Morton, of the Missouri Twenty-fifth, and remarked: "Mr. Payne, it is my duty to arrest you." Mj'' father said, "Your orders, sir." He replied in a bluff tone, "I never show them. You must prepare to go with me." While my father was giving some orders about his horse, I learned from the lieutenant that he was not going to return to town immediately, but was going on a bushwhacking scout as far as Smithville, a small village in Clay County, (which was at the time under the control of a very lawless set of men), and would not return tiil the following day. My fears were aroused. I inquired if he intended to take my father with him. He said he did. I tried ineffectually to change his purpose. He said he had a good many arrests to make — he would have plenty of company, and they would all be sent to headquarters together. The story was not improbable in one sense, for often as many as a dozen citizens were arrested out of one neighborhood in times of excitement, made to work on entrenchments, carry water, cut wood and perform other menial service ; and the worst fears I had experienced had been on this account. But learning he would drag my father over the country wherever whim or caprice might suggest, keep him over night without reporting him to headquarters, and that, too, when the most positive assurance had been given that he was acting under orders emanating from thence, the most violent apprehensions were excited in m\' mind, and if I could at that moment have concealed my father I would have done so. I comniLmicated the intelligence to HISTORY OK CLINTON COUNTY. 357 him — saw his suspicions were aroused, but that he did not wish to betray any anxiety to the family. He appealed to the lieutenant to know if such was the intention. Upon being informed that it was, my father told him that he had taken a lon<^ ride that morning, and felt physically unequal to the ride; that he would pledge his word and honor as a gen- tleman to report immediately in Plattsburg. He said he could not think of such a thing; that he would be answerable to his superiors were he to allow it. My father then proposed to detail a trusty guard. This he also refused ; said he had not a man to spare. The only alternative was to go with him as quietly as possible. His victim was in his clutches, and he did not intend he should escape. One of the privates took my father's bridle, in the presence of this officer, for which he substituted his broken one ; after which he was ordered to mount. I looked in every face as they passed me, hoping I might find one to whom I could appeal to befriend my father in the hour of need. Not one redeeming counte- nance met my anxious gaze. Mj' mother turned to me and said sadly, " What a rough looking set of men to have such a man prisoner." Alas ! m\- own terrible forebodings re-echoed the thought, but I said, "Mother, the Lord preserved Daniel in the lion's den, and surely He will shield His faithful servant from harm." Feeling the uselessness of attempting to follow him, and fearing the worst, yet hoping the best, I went to Plattsburg the next morning, accompanied only by my little brother, to learn what disposition had been made of him. On reaching town I found that Captain Coleman, instead of being at his post to receive his prisoners, had gone with Lieu- tenant Colonel Porter, Thomas Viglini, the provost marshal of the county, and others, to St. Joseph. The scout under Morton had not returned ; and so secret had been the expedition that no one to whom I applied could give me any information, not having even heard that my father stood in any danger of arrest. Upon expressing my fears that personal violence would be offered, my friends assured me my apprehen- sions were groundless ; that whilst the men might be capable of any villainy, it would be too barefaced to attempt such a thing with a man like my father. Xo officer would have the hardihood to risk his reputa- tion by such an outrage ; he was too well known ; the authorities would be compelled to take action in the case. I was told it would be useless to apply to Major Green, who was then in command of the militia, and whose headquarters were at the court house, while the Twenty-fifth was camped at the fair grounds, and were not under his control. A prey to the most torturing doubts and maddening suspicions, I was on my horse in the street when I discovered the scout coming in. I waited to see if my father was with them ; but oh ! the unspeakable anguish of that moment ! Instead of seeing him I recognized his horse and saddle, rode by a drunken soldier. If ever the human countenance expressed the fiendish malignitj- of Satan, it was written in that man's face. I tried to stop him to learn where the owner was. He loaded me with the vilest abuse ; said he did not care a d — m where he was ! If I had seen my father murdered before my very eyes I could not have been more awfully certain of his fate. I believe I screamed. Mr. James Stonum ran to me and asked me what was the matter. I told him as well as I could. He said it looked bad, but probably the)- had taken my father's horse and given him a more indifferent one to ride ; that part of 358 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY.' the scout had gone to the fair grounds by another street. Perhaps I would find him there, and he kindly offered to accompany me. He walked at my bridle and questioned everj' soldier. . All told different stories, but two at last told me positively that they had come past our house and "left the old man at home ;' that thej- had really nothing against him. When asked how the horse, then, came into their possession, I was satis- fied when they told me they were pressing horses every day, and had brought it on to town. Morton had not returned, and I was about to turn back from my fruitless errand, when my friend said : " I do not wish to needlessly alarm you, but I am far from being satisfied with these men's stories, and I advise you not to return home without seeing Lieutenant Morton. It is possible your father may be with him." We started back to town and met the lieutenant ; stopped him and asked for my father. He replied, " Left him in the brush." I cried out, "Then you have mur- dered him !" He dropped his head and never looked me in the face again. He said if it was any satisfaction to me to belie\-e him murdered, I was welcome to think so ; but he had made his escape from his sergeant and two men near the railroad and was in the brush, where he belonged ; that he would sneak in that night ! I replied that if he knew anything of my father, he would know he never associated with men of doubtful character ; that such men as Hall and Rassett, who lived in the district, ought to know more of him than a stranger like himself; that he had no reason to fear being brought to trial, as he was well known to every leading man in the district, and did not doubt he could clear himself of any charges that might be brought against him. He said he knew he was well known ; that these preachers had more influence than any other class of men, and if tJicy all had the benefit of a rope the country icould be better off. He would deny that he had killed him, but I could see he wished me to believe he was dead ; and yet I begged of this heartless wretch — in a manner I would have scorned to have begged for my own life — to tell me where his body might be found. My every prayer was met by a cruel taunt and brutal insult. Being convinced I could gain no concessions from him — that he only exulted in the torture he was inflicting — I left him to seek assistance elsewhere. I met with much expressed sympathy, but no real help — everybody was afraid! If he had been taken, who would be safe .' Crushed with despair, I turned my sorrowful steps to meet the waiting, anxious hearts at home. How I reached there God only knows ! The one mad conviction welled up from my agonized heart — I was the messenger of woe to the loved ones ! The lightning bolt that would pierce my darling mother's heart would first fall from my lips ! How could I go, yet how could I stay away ! When the horrible desolation of the murderous assassin comes home to our own hearts, who can tell its bitterness save those who have loved and lost and suffered alike ! We tried to rouse the neighbors to look for him, but they were afraid to go that night for fear of being called bushwhackers. How we lived through its long wretched watches is known only to Him who never slumbers or sleeps! Two young ladies went to town next morning to obtain permission to look for the bod)-, fearing the consequences for their friends were the\- to undertake the search without it. A written permission was given by the pro\-ost marshal for the friends to look for Mr. Payne, who was missing, and reported to be mur- IIISTORV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 359- dcred. Some ncit^libors had collected in the meantime and found him about three miles from home, shot twice through the heart, the breast' of his coat and hands being powder burnt. He had upon his person his "protection papers" and the letter from General Hall to Major General Schoficld. A neighbor went for the coroner (Mr. O. P. Riley) to hold an inquest. He applied to Major John Green to furnish him an escort, who, instead of doing so, remarked if he undertook it he thought it more than likely some one would be employed to hold an inquest o\er him! The provost marshal said if he was a coroner he would consider it more than his life was worth to risk it. Whether Mr. Riley considered these speeches as threats I can not say; but two things are certain — there was no escort furnished, and he did not go. He himself told me he knew he could not obtain a jur)- who would dare to render a verdict according to the facts. The miscreants who thus foull\' murdered a good and true man, in giving an account of the hellish deed, said that they asked him if he did not want to pray, and while engaged in prayer they took his life! I have often wondered that if in humble imitation of his suffering Master, his last prayer was not : " Father, forgive them ; they know not what they do." Miriam watched with a sister's love over the frail ark containing the infant Moses, whose destiny had been placed at the mercy of the Nile to escape the sword of the tyrant. " Rizpah, from the Rock Gibeah, guarded with sleepless eyes her loved dead, slaughtered for the sins of Saul, and suffered neither the birds of the air nor the beasts of the field to prey upon them by night or by day." But no such melanchol}- priv- ilege was ours. No eye of affection watched the death sleep of our darling dead. His body lay out on the common more than twenty-four hours before we succeeded in having him brought home. We were warned it would not do to attempt a public burial — that the less the demonstra- tion the better. Although a Mason, no resolutions of respect were offered ; a Christian and a minister, yet we were denied the prayers of consolation which he had so often offered for others! He was buried as privately as possible in the yard at home! He, too, " with dyed garments has trodden the wine press alone." No loved one to wipe the death damps from his noble brow — to fold the pulseless hands and close the glazing eye. Nor have we a farewell word or a whispered blessing to soften the horrors of recollection! 'Tis the dispositir)n of some to bow to the storm — 'tis mine to brave it. I knew it would be useless to attempt to have the murderers brought before a civil tribunal. As the civil law was almost entirely powerless, and the militar)' in a great degree implicated in the "deep damnation of his taking off," I still determined to do all I could by seeking a military investigation. I thought if they would take action in any case, they would not let such an outrage go unrebuked and unpunished. The manner of his death would speak in thunder tones to the authorities of the utter inability to reach him in any other way than cold-blooded murder. It could not even be said we have a law, and by the law he must die. With this view I wrote to Hon. Silas Woodson, of St. Joseph, giv- ing all the facts I had obtained in the case. He promptly came to my aid by placing my letter before General Hall, who endorsed it. and sent 36o HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. it to Major General Schofield, requesting him to take the necessary steps to have the men brought to justice. A preliminary examination was ordered to take place before Major J. M. Bassett. I was summoned to attend. An inexperienced girl, I had never been in a court room nor heard an oath administered in my life. Solitary and alone I went, with- out counsel and against the advice of friends, sustained by the one mad hope of vindicating my father's memory by challenging those in power to justify the deed if they could. Major Bassett expressed much sym- pathy for me, and treated me very gentlemanly ; summoned all the wit- nesses I wanted, and allowed me to select a lawyer (Judge Tutt) and sub- mit the testimony to him, and pronounced with him the mass of testi- mony overwhelming, and said no military commission could fail to act on it. The Evidence was expressed to Colonel J. O. Broadhead, provost marshal general of the state; was duly received and receipted for. Weeks lapsed into months, and, not hearing from the case, I wrote to Colonel Broadhead to know^ if the trial, which had just closed in St. Joseph, was a farce — the semblance of justice, without its reality. In answer to which I received a prompt reply, saying he felt a special inter- est in the case, and would do all in his power for its prosecution — that he had sent an order for the arrest of the men, would have them brought to St. Louis for trial, and would send for me to attend. That was the last I heard ot it. During the trial in St. Joseph, Major Bassett stated there was little doubt that assurance had been given by Colonel Hard- ing that no investigation would ever be allowed, and appealed to General Hall to corroborate the statement. Not replying, I glanced at his face and read this determination; "' I zvoiild see the niitrdcrers punished, but don't expect any official assistance from me to have it done!' I tried Major Bassett on this point again when General Hall was not present. All the expressions I could get was, if the case was presented in the right shape to the provost marshal of the state, Harding would be com- pelled to surrender the men. After the close of the war, I wrote again to Colonel Broadhead in reference to the affair. After some delay he replied — said he had the men arrested — that Colonel Harding was much incensed because they were charged in the warrant with murder. They w^ere brought to St. Louis and turned over to an officer of his department (he. did not call his name), with instructions that if the evidence was sufficient, to prefer charges before a military commission. The testimony was submitted, and he decided there ivas no case, and the men luere discharged. So much for justice from military despots in Missouri ! Whether these men were arrested or not, I do not know. One thing I do know, however, and that is, that I was assured by the provost marshal general that when they were arrested I should be notified of the fact, and that an opportunity should be given me to appear and pro- duce the evidence of their guilt. This promise was never redeemed, and if the guilty murderers were arrested, instead of being tried, they were turned loose without the evidence being heard, with the seal of approbation of their murderous deed placed upon them by the highest military authority in the Department of the Missouri, and to the eternal disgrace of all connected therewith. The murderers are still at large. Whether justice will ever be meted out to them depends upon the developments of the veiled future. IlISTOKV OF CLINTON COUNTY. 361 But this I know, there is n Powfi; higher than the stars and deeper than the grave, that still rules in the counsels of men, and though they may escape human retribution, they cannot escape the divine. His blood, like the blood of the righteous Abel, will cry aloud unto Him who hath said, " X'engeance is mine ; I will repay." I have already stated that when I resolved to make an effort to induce the military authorities to investigate the circumstances attend- ing the death of my father, I addressed a letter to the Hon. Silas Wood- son, who was then the judge of the twelfth judicial circuit, soliciting his aid and advice in regard to the matter. I take the liberty of transcrib- ing that letter herein, verbatim, although it -was not written with the expectation that it would ever be published. This letter will show the estimation in which my father was held by the public, and the view that an impartial legal mind took of the affair at the time : St. Joseph, June 24th, 1863. Miss J/. Lucilla Payne : I was truly glad when I read your letter of the 19th inst., giving the horrid details of the assassination and death of your highly respected and deeply regretted father. Rumor had given several variant and unsatisfactory accounts of the sad affiiir ; hence the great anxiety I felt, in common with Mr. Payne's numerous friends here, to know the facts as they really transpired. I need not say that your letter fully satisfied our wishes in regard to the matter. You have heard, I doubt not, before the present time, that the Twenty-fifth Regiment "^lissouri Volunteers have been ordered to Vicks- burg, and I suppose that they are now beyond the limits of the state. At all events they will be before a communication could reach St. Louis from here. It has never been pretended here, as far as I have heard, that an order was issued by Colonel Harding or the provost marshal for the arrest of Mr. Payne. Had such an order been issued I am sure that I should have heard of it, as I have heard the matter freely spoken of by both officers and soldiers in the military service. I do not know to whom the records kept at Colonel Harding's headquarters were trans- ferred when he left, but I suppose that they were taken away by him, as he was succeeded here by an officer in the militia, and not the volunteer service. It matters not, however, whether your father was arrested with or without an order for the purpose so far as the investigation desired by you is concerned. It is not the arrest of Mr. Payne, but his murder, that concerns his friends particularly, and I am sure that no officer in the army would more readily excuse his death by foul means when properly arrested and under the protection of the law than if he had been arrested without authority. No one who recognizes the obliga- tions of law will excuse either officers or men in taking human life in the manner Mr. Payne was deprived of his. It was nothing more nor less than a cold blooded, heartless murder, in violation of all law, civil and military. The practical question, however, is, what can be done to punish the guilty perpetrators of the deed .' I regret to say, nothing at the present time, in my judgment. General Schofield, I think, would have been disposed, had he been fully in possession of all the facts, to have had the matter fully investigated before Colonel Harding's com- nwnd left the state. The command, though, is now beyond General Schofield's military district, and consequently he has no control over it. 362 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. The only hope is that peace will once again be the lot of our distracted country — that the civil law will have its course, and all who have vio- lated it have the proper punishment meted out to them. Time never operates as a bar to a prosecution for murder. When one feels that a great wrong has been done — that innocent blood calls aloud from the grave for the punishment of those who shed it, how hard it is to have to acknowledge our impotence ! How sad to feel that we can do nothing ! All I can say to you, and to all of the dear ones allied to my departed friend, is, trust in that God in whom he trusted, nothing doubting. Trust that justice will in the end be done, and that the memory of your father will, at the proper time and in the proper way, be fully vindicated. Most profoundly do I sympathize with you in your distress. Be con- soled, however, with the thought that your father died regretted by the good on earth who knew him, and that he has gone to his reward in heaven. Truly }'our friend, SILAS WOODSON. My narrative is now closed. Peace has come. But, alas! justice has not been done to my father's memory, nor have his guilty assassins suffered the penalty justly due to their great crime. The new constitu- tion of Missouri has changed that time-honored law alluded to in Judge Woodson's letter, and under it every sort of crime, even murder, if com- mited by a heartless villain in Federal uniform, and whilst in the mili- tary service, must for all time go unpunished. Since civilization first dawned upon the earth no soldier has been punished by any government for any act committed in the regular discharge of his military duties. But I suppose that the infamy was reserved for the author of our present constitution to absolve from punishment the cold-blooded murderer of a peaceable, unoffending citizen. M. LUCILLA PAYNE. I'EACE JUBILEE. On the 2d day of April, 1S66, Andrew Johnson, president of the United States, issued a proclamation declaring peace — the closing por- tion of his proclamation reading as follows : Whereas, there now exists no organized armed resistance of mis- guided citizens, nor others, to the authority of the United States in the States of Georgia, South Carolina, Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Alabama, Louisiana, Arkansas, Mississippi and Florida, and the laws can be sustained and enforced therein bj- proper authorit}', State or Fed- eral, and the people of said states are well and loYallj' disposed, and have conformed, or will conform, in their legislatures to the condition of affairs, growing out of the amended constitution of the United States, prohibiting slavery within the limits and jurisdiction of the LTnited States ; and Whereas, in view of the before recited premises, it is the manifest determination of the American people that no state, of its own will, has the right or power to go out of, or separate itself from, or be separated from the American L^nion, and that, therefore, each state ought to remain and constitute an integral part of the United States ; and IIINIOKV Ol- CLINTON' COUNTY. 363 W'HERKAS, such states must necessarily be, and b)' the constitu- tion and laws of the United States they are, made equal and placed on a like footing as to political rights, immunities, dignit)- and power, with the se\-eral states with which the}' are united. TllKKEKORi;, I, Andrew Johnson, President of the United States, do hereby proclaim and declare that the insurrection which heretofore existed in the states of Georgia, North and South Carolina, Virginia, Louisana, Arkansas, Mississippi, Texas and Florida, is at an end, and henceforth it is to be so regarded. In order to commemorate the jo_\-ous event of peace, as officiall)- proclaimed by the President of the United States, it was determined upon by the State Central Committee of the Conservative Union party to hold a grand peace jubilee in Plattsburg on the 2ist daj' of April, 1866. In accordance with this arrangement, the peace jubilee was held at the court house. At ii o'clock the signal from the band in the portico of the court house began to electrify the masses in the streets, and soon every seat in the capacious hall of the building was occupied, and the entrance crowded by others, who had to stand throughout the ceremony, for never before had there been such an assemblage of people in Clinton County, where almost every man retained his seat or place from first to last. Judge Robert Johnson presided over the meeting, and W'illiam J. Biggerstaff acted as secretarj", both of whom had been superseded in their office by the "ousting ordinance." A committee on resolutions, consisting of Judge Birch, William W. Bland, George W. Johnson, John M. Ward, Eldridge Potter and Francis M. Bevins was appointed by the chair, after which the meeting adjourned until I o'clock I'. .M. Upon reassembling, John W. Mooreland, Esq., addressed the meet- ing in an able and effective speech, at the close of which the committee appeared with their resolutions, which were as follows : Wheke.\s, It has been officially promulgated by the President of the United States, that rebellion against its authority has wholly ceased; and is " henceforth to be fo regarded," the conservative people of Clin- ton County resolve as follows : 1. In grateful recognition of the Divinity which inaugurated the Christian Era, with the proclamation of " Peace upon earth and good will to man," and realizing in the administrative policy of his " servant, the President of the United States," an emanation of the same Divine economy, it is in the spirit of lawful and loyal co-operation, that we thus pledge to his support, if necessary, "our li\es, our fortunes and our sacred honor " 2. In thus solemnly commemorating the restoration of our national brotherhood, we represent (as we doubt not) not merely the immense assembly of our countrymen here congregated, but the better feeling and calmer judgment of all who are not interested in the perpetuation of 364 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. such discords as may be continued to give prominence to the minority, instead of the majority of the people. 4. That as the issues which otherwise divide the people of this state involve the existence of their civil and religious liberties, we appeal to the legal and law-abiding of all past parties to co-operate in its redemption from the perils which environ us ; and that as no friend of the President or the Union can longer continue to support a "test oath" which is kept up for no other purpose than to prevent a majority of the people from selecting their own rulers, we repeat and accept the resolu- tions recently put forth by the Conservatives of Macon County. 5. Whilst but properly ignoring upon an occasion so joyous as the restoration of peace, all disagreements of the past which respect either the cause or the conduct of the recent sanguinary war, yet concurring that the true soldier is entitled to appropriate public consideration, with- out regard to party, it is ordered, that in recognition of the "honorable discharge" which has just been awarded to the members of the company who were longest in the service from this county, a committee of one from each township be appointed by the president of this meeting, whose duty it shall be to make suitable arrangements for an appropriate general reception of all the officers and soldiers who entered the service from "Old Clinton" and were alike honorably discharged therefrom. 6. That we approve the policy of the new convention, which it is proposed to hold at St. Louis on the sixth day of June next, and that Judge James H. Birch be appointed as the delegate from this county. The names of the committee appointed to make the necessary arrangements for the reception of the soldiers, mentioned in the fifth resolution, were : Hardin Township, Lorenzo J. Froman ; La Fayette Township, Asa Beck ; Platte Township, Thomas E. Turney ; Shoal Township, William P. Harlan; Jackson Township, Richard T. Kellej- ; Concord Township, Nathaniel L. Ford. This committee was requested to meet at Plattsburg on the first Saturday in May, following. At the same meeting a letter was read from General Shields, expressing his regrets at not being present, and advising immediate organization of clubs, who would pledge fealt}- to the constitution and the Union. OVATION TO THE SOLDIERS. On the 14th day of May, 1S66, the ovation to the honorably dis- charged soldiers came off at the fair grounds in the forenoon and con- tinued in the afternoon at the court house. Among the speakers pres- ent on that occasion were General Cooly, of Lexington, Missouri, and Thomas J. Porter, Esq., of Plattsburg. The following, the neat and appropriate address of Mr. Porter, we take from tlie Clinton County Register : Ladies and Gciitlciiun : I was not a little surprised at the \'ery unexpected request which I have received to open the proceedings of HISTORY OV CLINTON COUNTY. 365 to-day, by an address of welcome to the soldiers who have returned from the wars, and it is with a considerable degree of embarrassment, that I respond to the call. And indeed I am somewhat at a loss to know why I have been called upon in preference to the many others among you, whose greater experience and superiority would enable them to interest more deeply and to greater length, than I would in anj- event be able to do. Having been taken almost entirely by surprise, I have had but little time to think upon what would be proper to say upon an occasion like this, and my remarks must necessarily be brief Though I am almost an entire stranger among you, more especially to those in honor and out of respect for whom we have met together, and to whom I will more particularly address mj- remarks ; still I feel that I am not a stranger when I remember that thej-have battled side b\- side with some loved companion of my boyhood, who, like them, marched forth beneath the starry banner, swore by the god of battles that it should return tri- umphant, or should fall as his winding sheet, while his death-bed should be some gor)- field, and his funeral dirge the cannon's mighty roar. When I think there may be some one here to-day who has ministered to his wants and allayed his sufferings, while lying on some battlefield — some one who may have listened to his last words — sent his last mes- sage home, and cheered his last moments by whispering in his ear " the battle is won," and pointed him b)' the finger of faith to the half open doors of future blessedness, where rebellion was once, but where rebel- lion will come not again — when I think of these things, the barriers which etiquette would seem to raise between us disappear, and I feel like taking by the hand those who may have cared for that comrade, whose hand in friendship I grasped when we parted to meet no more. Still nearer do I feel to you, when I remember, that your flag, for wliich you have battled, is mj- flag ; that your countrj-, which )-ou have defended, is mj- country ; that j-our nationalitj' the honor of which you have \indicated, is my nationality. I feel that we are of a common broth- erhood, owing allegiance to a common country ; knowing no prince but the Prince of Peace ; bowing to no god, but the God of all ; and, bend- ing the suppliant knee to no monarch, but the Monarch who rules uiioii the throne of the eternal. It would require one of greater genius and more matured experience than myself to pay you a proper tribute upon this occasion. I will, therefore, leave it for those who well address you hereafter. It would be with difficulty, and, indeed, I could but very inadequately express my own gratitude to you, for the services which you have rendered. Much less, can I tell the feelings of the aged father who totters forth in his infirmity of )-ears and extends his palsied hand to welcome his boy's return. I cannot utter the language uttered by the silent tear of jo)-, which trickles, like a glittering gem, down the cheek of the loved, and loving sister, as she sees her brother return. Nay, I cannot express emotions, which only a mother can know ; of the mother who, perchance, like those of old, bade her son go and return with victory, or return not at all, as she witnesses the co.Tiing of her boy with victor}- perched upon his banner, and not victorj- alone, but victory in the fond embrace of peace. Oh ! what greater evidence of bravery ; what other memento of the past — what greater trophies of war could a soldier ask — what greater could he win .' 366 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. It might be regarded as presumptuous in me to attempt to point out to you the course you will pursue upon your return to peace, for well I know, that those who know how to be brave in war, know how to be meritorious in peace. It may not, however, be improper to suggest that there are those among you, who have battled in the rebel army, who may have met you in the fierce conflict, hand to hand, and between you social intercourse must, to some extent, exist, and a spirit of peace and harmony should be taught to dwell. You will teach them, by the power of your example, how to be good citizens in peace, as in war you taught them, by the power of your arm, the wrongs into which they had fallen, and the evils they were pursuing ; encouraging merit wherever it may be found ; approving every laudable attempt on their part to become good citizens again ; frowning upon all acts of lawlessness, insisting upon a rigid enforcement of the law, for the purpose of estab- lishing its authority and vindicating its majesty ; yielding a willing obedience to its provisions yourselves. In this way, now that you have stricken death to the rebellion, and dealt the fatal blow to the monster, treason, which raised it hideous head, from its abodes of darkness, to breathe its foul corruption through the land, you will place your feet on its inanimate carcase and confine its spirit to its native hell, and erect to its memory an everlasting monument of infamy. By this course the victory you won will be permanent, and the peace you have achieved will be lasting and effective ; your honors will be undying, and the laurels with which you are crowned will be unfading. Their lustre will be undimmed as you carry them to your graves — to the graves where future mothers will lead their Rttle children, and teach them in the lisping accents of infancy, to swear allegiance to the country which you have defended ; to pledge fidelity to the cause in which you have battled, and to emulate the example of the fallen brave, by loving as you have loved, a country more free than all others ; more great than all, because more free ; more magnanimous than all, because most great; more prosperous than all, because most magnanimous ; more powerful than all, because most prosperous, and greater than all, because most powerful, most prosperous, most magnanimous, most just and most free. In conclusion, I cannot but extend to you in behalf of those who called upon me, a hearty welcome home. Thrice welcome in peace to the homes which in war were forsaken. The names and the rank of the veterans who entered the Union army from Clinton County, and to whom the ovation was given are as follows : UNION SOLDIERS. Captain :— D. C. McMichael. Sergeants :— E. A. Leake, Lewis V. Porter, Benton Thomas, Jesse Hymer, Anthony Harsel, Joseph Fowler. Corporals : — W. R. Carter, W. C. Greer. ■ Trumpeter : — William Munsil. Privates :— Henry C. Bailey, Madison Coffman, John Belk, Nathan Debo, Daniel H. Crosby, W. C. Debo, Samuel Davis, H. J. Grove, Irvine Estes, V. H. Grove, H. G. Gilmore, Bela M. Greer, Thomas J. Gray, B. lOKV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 367 A. Head, Bird Hixon, Giistave Lohman, J. S. Metzi^er, Nathan Mid- daugh, J. C. Mercer, John McCord, M. C. McEhvee, Benjamin Pierce, William M. Porter, J. W. Parrott, Madison Roy, John T. Styles, James A. Stewart, W. S. Townsend, C. J. Ulrich, T. J. Henderson, George Labor, Michael Rreheny. In this connection we will give the names and rank of the soldiers who entered the Confederate service from Clinton County, or at least as many of them as we could possibly get. The list probably does not embrace all, but is correct, we think, as far as it goes : CONFEDERATE SOLDIERS. Cromlow, D. G., captain. Culver, John H., 2d lieutenant. Rangier, Philip A., lieutenant. Young, Waller, captain, McWilliams, Dudley, captain, Riley Charles, captain, Ainsworth, Frank M., private, Cockrill, H. C, private, Forsee, G. T., private, Hughes, G. W., private, Moore, William, private, Winn, W. D., private, Snowden, J. W., private, Spangler, John, private. Young, John, private, Wallis, James D., captain, Lindsay, Richard P., 2d lieutenant, Simpson, Albert W., lieutenant, Marshall, A. W., private. Brooking, Samuel A., corporal, Calvert, John A., corporal, Atkinson, Robert, private. Brooking, John H., private, Byrum, Gill S., private, Davis, William, private, Denny, Rufus C, private, Easterday, Francis, private, Fuller, Milus, private, Franklin, J. A., private, Hargraves, Henry C, private, Harris, Robert, private, Henry, John, private, Heiser, John, private. Lamb, Shubal C, private, Martin, Natlvin, private, Miller, James, private, Moberly, Henry B., private. Morrow, J. M., private, North, Shelby B., private. Carroll, John, ist lieutenant, Lincoln, Charles H., 3d lieutenant, Cockrill, Thomas J., lieutenant, Spence, John, captain, Aldridge, Thomas C, captain, Atchison, D. R., private. Bourne, John, private. Culver, John W., private, Holman, W. T., private, Montgomery, A. S., private, Palmer, C. C., private, Scott, Walter, private, Searce, Robert, private. Sparks, W. S., private, Youiig, William, private, Scruggs, James B., 1st lieutenant, Mathershcad, Jos. R.,3d lieutenant, Taylor, Robert, lieutenant, Barnett, John, lieutenant. Fuller, William B., corporal, Whitsit, James M., corporal, Barnett, R. E, private, Ballard, William, private, Chapin, Richard B., private, Derer, James M., private, Elliott, William, private, Franklin, Reuben, private. Fox, William H., private. Gill, Philip H., private, Hargrave, M. F., private, Hamilton, Morris, private, Henry, George, private, Hyde, William, private, Lindsay, John F., private, Massy, Newton, private, Moberly, Benj. F., private. Morrow. Joseph E., private, McCartney, Asher, private^ Parsons, James T., private. 368 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. Pawley, James, private, Peterman, Austin B., private, Peterman, David H., private. Porter, Jatties H., private, Reynolds, David M., private, Riley, John T., private. King, J. H., private, Summers, Mason, private, Summers, John T., private, Scruggs, Edward H., private, Scruggs, Thomas M., private. Shanks, Allison M., private. White, Francis M., private, Vaughan, Augustus, private, Hughes, John T., captain, Bainbridge, Dennis, captain, Hughes, Samuel S., ist lieutenant, McWilliams, Sam. H., 2d lieutenant, Mathingly, T. J., 3d lieutenant, Wilkerson, Jeff., ist sergeant, Kelh-, Rufus D., 2d sergeant, Biggerstaff, A. L., 3d sergeant, Baker, J. B., captain, Baber, Martin, captain, Biggerstaff, Marion, private, Cofe, William S., private, Davis, William, private. Fry, William, private. Gay, George, private. Hall, William, private, Keefer, W. D. L., private, Kelly, John, private, McCann, James, private, Netherston, Abe, private, O'Brien, Owen, private, Parvin, Silas, private, Stintamin, Josiah, private, Owens, Nicholas, 2d lieutenant. Ingles, Charles, 2d lieutenant, Fry, L. S., private. On the 1 6th day of June, 1866, General James Shields, then a United States Senator from Missouri, addressed the people of Clinton County, at Plattsburg, on the political issues of the day. The editor of the Reg- ister, in the June issue of that paper, in speaking of that event, said : "True to his appointment, the general appeared before a fine audi- ence at the court house, at one o'clock, to whom he was appropriately introduced by Judge Birch, and by whom he was appropriately wel- comed. After a few preliminary remarks, in which he suggested the points to which he would mainly confine himself, to wit: A defense of the Executive Administration of the Federal Government, an exposure of the antagonizing policj' of Congress, and an exposition of the enormities of the Missouri "Test Oath," he proceeded, in a speech of more than two hours, to confirm the high opinion of his wisdom and ability, under which so many solid men ot the county had quit their fields and come to town to listen to him. Never — we will venture to repeat it, never has a public speaker more fully succeeded in a public speech, or left a county in which he was almost a stranger, with a warmer or more appreciative friendship as was; indeed manifested at the close of his speech, by a most cordial vote of thanks after the meeting, and the unanimous tender of the hospitalities of every Whig and Democratic household in the county, to the old Democratic statesman and soldier, to whom they had listened with absorbing interest, mingled with repeated indications of the most earn- est applause. HISTORY OK CLINTON COUNTY. 369 There were a few Radicals present, of whom it gives us pleasure to state, that they deported themselves as gentlemen, and our only regret is, that there were not more of them to at least listen to the plea for *' Peace and Union," for we as much believe, as we do anything which depends upon the understanding alone, that all that is necessary to the success of our cause is, that it be presented to the understanding, instead of the mere prejudices and passions of the people. After the conclusion of the speech of General Shields, Colonel John Doniphan addressed the assembly- in a speech which embodied the prin- cipal points of the legislative history of Radicalism. As the colonel had been a senator among them, no speaker in the state could be more com- petent to expose as well the machinery, as the ultimate purposes of that party, and he demonstrated it to be, to bring about and carry out a dis- franchisement amongst their political adversaries of the white race, and such an enfranchisement of the negro race, as to perpetuate power in their own hands. We regret the circumstances which ha\e restricted us to so brief a record of so great a day in Plattsburg, but we send greeting to all who read our paper, that' all is well and sure in Clinton.'" At the election which occurred in the fall of 1866, the following persons were put in nomination b\- the two political parties : I>EMOCR.\TIC TICKET : For Congress — James H. Birch. For State Senator — Daniel D. Burnes. For Representative — John W. Mooreland. For Sheriff — George Funkhouser. For Circuit Clerk — Daniel F. Birch. For Count)- Clerk — Moses Shoemaker. For Treasurer — O. P. Riley. For School Commissioner — A. K. Porter. For Public Administrator — Wm. H. Lott. For Supervisor of Registration — Oliver P. Newberry. For Assessor — Julian P. Martin. For County Justices — Jas. E. Young, Rob't Johnson, Ewen C. Hale. For Coroner — John M. Walker. KEI'UBLIC.YN TICKET : For Congress — R. T. Van Horn. For Representative— Jacob Estep. For Sheriff-F. D. Phillips. For Circuit Clerk — W. L. Birney. For County Clerk — George Essig. 370 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. For County Justices — David Cooper, Ambrose Stone, Jackson Kstes For Assessor — L. Eve. For School Commissioner — B. F. Poe. For County Treasurer — J. F. Harrington. For Supervisor of Registration — J. G. Rand. For Coroner— J. W. Miller. For Public Administrator — John R. Seation. The party offering to vote was required, under the constitution of the state, to take and subscribe the following, which was called THE OATH OF LOYALTY : I, , do solemnly swear that I am well acquainted with the terms of the third section of the second article of the Constitution of the State of Missouri, adopted in the year eighteen hundred and sixty- five, and have carefully considered the same ; that I have never, directly or indirectly, done any of the acts in the said section specified ; that I have always been truly and loyally on the side of the United States against all enemies thereof foreign and domestic ; that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the United States, and will support the constitution and laws thereof as the supreme law of the land, any law or ordinance of any state to the contrary notwithstanding ; that I will, to the best of my ability, protect and defend the Union of the United States, and not allow the same to be broken up and dissolved, or the government thereof to be destroyed or overthrown, under any circumstances, if in my power to prevent it ; that I will support the Constitution of the State of Mis- souri, and that I make this oath without any mental reservation or evasion, and hold it to be binding on me — so help me God. The third section of the second article of the Constitution of the State of Missouri, referred to in the oath, reads as follows : Sec ITOX 3. At any election held by the people under this consti- tution, or in pursuance of any law of this state, or under any ordinance or by-law of any municipal corporation, no person shall be deemed a qualified voter who has ever been in armed hostility to the United States, or to the lawful authorities thereof, or to the government of this state, or has ever given aid, countenance, or support to persons engaged in such hostility ; or has ever in any manner adhered to the enemies, for- eign or domestic, of the United States, either by contributing to them, or by unlawfully sending within their lines money, goods, letters or information ; or has ever disloyally held communication with such ene- mies ; or has ever advised or aided any person to enter the service of such enemies, or has ever, by act or word, manifested his adherence to the cause of such enemies, or his desire for their triumph over the arms of the United States, or his sympathy with those engaged in exciting or carrying on rebellion against the United States, or has ever, except under overpowering compulsion, submitted to the authority, or been in the ser- vice of the so-called "Confederate States of America," or has ever left this state and gone within the lines of the armies of the so-called "Confed- erate States of America," with the purpose of adhering to said states, or IIISTORV OI IN TON COUNTY. 371 armies, or lias e\xr been a member of, or connected with, any order, societ\- or oryanization, inimical to the <,rovernment of the United States, or to the go\-ernment of this state; or has ever been en<^aijed in tjuer- rilla warfare at^ainst loyal inhabitants of the United States, or in that description of marauding commonly known as " bushwhacking," or has ever knowingly and willingly harbored, aided or countenanced any per- son so engaged, or has ever come into or left this state for the purpose of avoiding enrollment in the militia of this state, or to escape the per- formance of dut)- therein, or for any other purpose enrolled himself, or authorized himself to be enrolled, by or before an officer, as disloyal, or as a Southern sympathizer, or in any terms indicating his disaffection to the government of the United States, in its contest with rebellion, or his sympathy with those engaged in such rebellion, or having ever voted at any election b)' the people in this state, or in any other of the United States, or in any of their territories, or held office in this state, or in other of the United States, or in any of their territories, or under the United States, shall thereafter have sought or received, under claim of alienage, the protection of any foreign government, through any con- sul or other officer thereof, in order to secure exemption from military duty in the militia of this state, or in the army of the United States ; nor shall any such person be capable of holding, in this state, any office of honor, trust or profit under its authority, or of being an officer, coun- cilman, director, trustee or other manager of any corporation, public or private, now existing or hereafter established, by its authority, or of acting as a professor or teacher in any educational institution, or in any common or other school, or of holding any real estate or other property, in trust for the use of an\- church, religious society or congregation. The law in reference to registration clothed the register with the power to refuse to register any applicant whom he was satisfied, after making an examination, was disqualified from voting, in the light of the above clause of the constitution. The law, however, required the regis- ter to enter the name of the voter thus refused, on a separate list, contain- ing the names of persons who were rejected voters, and in connection therewith he was required to state the grounds of the rejection, &c. The accepted voters in Clinton County numbered about eight hun- dred and twenty-six. We have not sufficient space for their names. The names of the rejected \'oters are as follows : Bailey, John H., Biggerstaff. John S., Biggerstaff, W. L., Biggerstaff, J. H., Biggerstaff Samuel M. Baxter, B. A., Bennett, J. H., Clay, Thomas M., Clark, John L., Clark, P. H., Force, H. S., Fry, G. W., Hanks, J. P., Haynes, Collett, Henderson, Silas, Hanks, Jeremiah, Holt, S. R.. Hiatt, G. M., Ingles, Charles, Jones, C. C, Lincoln, J. K., Lindsay, E. C, Lyons, E. M., McDonald, William, Marsh, William S., Nave, Martin, Russell, John, Russell, R. M., Sherman, S. S., Smith, Matthew. 372 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. Craig, B. F., Creek, William, Eberts, John, Ellis, Thomas H., Evert, John, Fry, J., Jones, B. A., Kanatzer, Richard, Kanatzer, Jacob, Lancaster, G. B., Lewis, James A., SHOAL TOWNSHIP. Trice, Stephen H., Thompson, M. P., Tillery, Woodford, Viglini, W. E., Walker, Jacob. McCartney, H. A., Tipton, M. L., Walker, Riley. PL.JiTTE TOWNSHIP. Creamer, George R., Creamer, Lewis B., Delanj', Uriah, Evans, James, Hitt, Samuel B., Martin, John S., Morrow, William, Newby, George H., Oswalt, Alexander, Phelps, Thomas T., Trice, William W. JACKSON TOWNSHIP. Barrett, W. C, Brown, Jesse, Brown, W. P., Brooking, H., Brooks, T. S., Cravens, E. W., Cravens, J. L., Downey, Charles, Downey, Ellis, Downey, J. W., Downey, R., Dunlap, R. J., Easton, Joel, Gant, W. J., Harris. S. J., Holt, P. G., Madden, J. C, Moberly, W. R., Morrow, Jonah, Munkers, Harvey, Park, Lewis, Scruggs, J. v.. Sharp, Jacob, Whitsett, Hiram. Biggerstaff, George W., Brown, W. W., Bland, W. W., Brown, F. D., Carter, Charles A., Dunlap, Preston, Davenport, R. B., Elliott, Joseph T., Elliott, R. C, Elliott, W. B., Faddis, J. S. W., Fry, James M., Froman, James H., Gentry, P., Jr., Gentry, P., Sr., HARDIN TOWNSHIP. Gabbert, Thomas H., Hord, Elias, Hall, I. B, G., Hopkins, Griffin, Hundley, James M., Hill, Thomas R., Hall, James C, Johnson, Robert, Johnson. J. W., Johnson, Thomas, Jones, W. T., Lott, F. P., Martin, William M., Mathews, J. P., LA FAYETTE TOWNSHIP. Marsh, Joshua, Poage, William, Puckyute, Josephus, Palmer, Martin, Poage, John, Poage, David, Puckyute, Jones, Scearce, Robert L., Stoutimore, B., Scearce, Robert Tremble, J. H., Thorp. Thomas, Willhoit, O. E., Walker, James H Sr., Atterbury, James, Adams, VV. S., Atterburn, James R. Brown, C. D., Keller, C. N., Ransdell, E. C, Livingston, Nathan, Rose, Emsly, Livingston, N., Ray, C. S., Lafoon, H B., Rebo, William, I HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. 373 Canal, Nathaniel, Lafoon, A. Z., Smith, H. VV., Cook, J. H., Livingston, Nathaniel, Saunders, D. G., Clark, Josiah, Livingston, Andrew, Tyre, T. B., Crocket, W. T., Lafoon, J. W., Todd, George, Davis, G. W., McWilliams, G. T., Tillery, R. W., Deatly, James, Mayse, Cary, Weekly, George S., Ducoing, John, Price, William, Wilkerson, W. C, Everett, Alexander, Polly, W. P., Wingate, W. J., Everett, W. T., Peyton, Samuel, Weekly, J. C, Finch, A. A., Price, James J., Weekly, W. T., Irvine, John M., Price, W. H., Weekly, Granville, Jones, J. W.. Peyton, W. S. Wilkerson, W. A., Johnson, J. D., Rocknell, Willis, Word, Charles. Number of rejected voters, 182. The campaign that followed was one of the most exciting that ever took place in the county. Speeches were made in every township and voting precinct, by not only the candidates themselves, and a number of local orators, but by men of state and national reputation, among whom was General Frank P. Blair. General Blair arrived in Plattsburg on Monday, October 29, and was greeted, on alighting from his carriage, with Hail Columbia, by the Plattsburg Band. At one o'clock P. M., of that day, he addressed a large crowd at the court house, in an earnest, eloquent and practical speech. He was followed by Judge Bassett and Col. John F. Williams, all of whom were laboring in behalf of the Dem- oratic Conservative party. The election took place on the 6th day of November. The Republican ticket was generally declared elected — including Colonel Van Horn, for congress. Judge Birch gave notice that he would contest the election for various reasons, among which were the following : First — That he, having received a majority of the legal votes cast at the election, they should have been counted for him. Second— '^\\2X the " test oath" was unauthoritive and not binding upon those who were voters under the old constitution, and that the " test oath " was repugnant to the constitution of the United States, and the bill of rights of the state constitution. Colonel Van Horn was finally admitted to a seat in congress, the Republican party having, at the time, a large majority of members in both houses. CHAPTER XXI AGRICULTURE. HEMP- CLINTON' COUNTY AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION - FAIRS- PREMIUMS - CLINTON COUNTY FARMERS' CLUBS - PATRONS OF HUSBANDRY — SHORT HORN ASSOCIATION — CLINTON COUNTY COMl'AREU WITH OTHER COUN- TIES-PEOPLE. The progress of agricultural enterprise in the past quarter of a cen- tury, evident aJl o\-cr our land, in no section has de\'eloped more marked advancement than that displa\-ed in the condition of Northwest Missouri to-day. Clinton Count)-, in common with others of the earlier settled por- tions of the state. enjo}-ed the advantage of numbering among her orig- inal settlers men of means, intelligence and enterprise. This fact is abundantly evident in the character of some of the earliest attempts at improvement to-day extant within her limits. Naturally the first settlements were made in the timbered districts of the count}-, and it was not till a very large proportion of this part of the same was settled that the pioneers from the older states, many of whom had never seen a prairie till their arri\-al in Missouri, began to venture settlements in that, in those days, doubtlul region of treeless expanse. Indeed there are to-day living in the county, on well-improved and valuable prairie farms, men who at the period of their first arrival in the countr}-, forty-five years ago, declared the opinion that the timberless prairies would never be settled. These now include some of the best improved and most desirable sections of the count}-. The cultivation of cleared timber land with the necessar}- presence of stumps, precluded the application of machinery, long after the use of the same had become comparatively common in the older settled dis- tricts. Slave labor was extensively, indeed, generall}-, employed, and the lioe, an implement almost obsolete in this advanced da}', was the indispensable means of cultivating every crop which required tillage after planting. Notwithstanding the comparatively careless character of farming which soon succeeded the first efforts of the pioneers, e\-en in that early day, the returns from agricultural labor were enormous. The very fact of the generous soil so readil}' responding to the efforts of the husbandman inducetl this lack of diligence and laborious care in farming HISTORY OF Cl.INTOX COUXTV. 375 which was indeed unnecessary. Men from the older states, wlio were accustomed in their former homes to manuring and preparing for seed with the most scrupulous care the soil which thej- afterwards hoed and plowed repeatedly to secure a scanty yield of corn or of some other product, soon learned that prairie sod corn planted in the simply upturned glebe, without any subsequent attention, yielded crops which, in their former homes in the older states, would have been regarded as enormous. Many of the early settlers of the county, who brought their slaves with them, came from districts of Kentucky and Virginia, where hemp was a staple product. The first attempt to introduce the culture of this crop, which was soon to become the great staple of Clinton, in common with other counties of the state, proved an unqalified success. This success soon induced others to the culture of this crop, and in a few years, hemp was recognized as the great staple of the county. It so continued until the breaking out of the civil war, when, in default of slave labor, the raising of this product was gradually discontinued. Other commodities were imported as substitutes, and in a few \ears, the amount raised in the count\- of what had for years constituted its great staple became so insignificant as to be entirelj- omitted in com- mercial quotations. There probably ne\er was a countr\- adapted by soil and climate, to as various a character of products, as much confined, for years, to one yield. The culture of hemp seemed to have absorbed almost e\'ery other agricultural enterprise. Nothing raised in the country, either before its introduction or since its abandonment has paid as well. The average price for j-ears was $ioo per ton, and the average yield per acre 8cX) pounds. Aside from the remunerative character of the crop, many ad\antages contributed to its popularity. Being invariably cut before it went to seed, it failed, as with other crops, to impoverish the soil ; indeed, it was a generally admitted fact that from the decomposition of the foliage, old hemp land, instead •of deteriorating in quality from constant cropping, steadily improved, and i,000 pounds to the acre on such lands was no uncommon yield. Another advantage in the raising of hemp was that its culture did not in any way interfere with the corn crop. Sowed early in the spring before corn planting time, it was not ready for cutting before August when all the corn was " laid by." In the palmiest days of hemp raising, but a comparatively small amount of wheat was produced in the county. The rich alluvial soil, fathomless in the depths of its exhaustless fecundity, was not so well adapted, as the earl)' pioneers thought, to the )-ielding of wheat, which, at best, commanded no such return as did hemp. Indeed, so insignifi- cant was the quantity of wheat raised in the count)- in those da)s, that a considerable amount of the flcur consumed was im[)orted. 3/6 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. In the matter of breaking hemp, 112 pounds was considered a day's- work. The slave was paid at the rate of one dollar per hundred for all he broke over and above this, the standard task. It was not unusual tO' find negroes in those days who broke from 200 to 300 pounds per day, and in this way often earning $100 during the course of a winter. Besides this there were occasionally found masters who allowed such of their slaves as displayed unusual industry, patches of ground, on which they raised hemp for their own exclusive and personal benefit. This patriarchal character of servitude was the rule rather than the exception in Clinton County. It was nothing uncommon to get as many as twenty tons of hemp from one farmer. The extraordinarily remunerative business of hemp raising induced many to purchase farming lands in the county on credit. About the period of the breaking out of the civil war, these enterprising citi- zens had, many of them, about succeeded in paying for these lands, and were beginning to contemplate improvements in the way of building, etc., when the distracted condition of the country put a sudden and protracted stop to every class and character of improvement. This, in a great measure, accounts for the inferior character of farm residences in the county, compared with those of Clay and other neighboring coun- ties, about the period of the revival of business, after the close of the war. The demand for hemp ceased, and the farmers of the county began to turn their attention to the culture of other products. Wheat,, though an uncertain crop in the county began to claim attention, and the extraordinary yield of one season, shortly after the close of the war, and a price of some two dollars per bushel, started everybody to- raising wheat. Experience has demonstrated, however, the truth that while an occasionally excellent crop may be raised, Clinton County is by- no means a wheat country. Enterprise in the business of farming, in all its various expressions has, from time to time, been manifested within the county. All the latest appliances of art in the way of machinery for lightening and expediting labor, are tested, and rejected or adopted on the basis of their respective merits, as soon as presented to the public. The spirit of old fogyism on the part of the farming community is found to exist only in rare and isolated cases. The county, like all sections of the country, has, to some extent,, suffered from drouth, but these have, perhaps, been less frequent here than in the contiguous counties. The soil is of such a character that it retains moisture with a remarkable tenacity, and the natural drainage is so admirable that no portion of the cultivated lands are ever damaged by standing water. Notwithstanding the present (1881) drouth, that has prevailed to an almost unparalleled extent over the entire Union, it is now estimated HISTOKV Oh' CLINTON COUNTY. m that the entire com crop of Clinton County, will average fully a half crop, and that the grass will be as abundant and as nutritious as in any preceding year. Resides the terrible backset to the entire country from the coi-vsc- quences of the civil war, Clinton County suffered her full share of the e\ils of the grasshopper scourge, the desolating effects of which were felt in 1866, 1874, and 1875. Confident in the power of her grand resources, and ever hopeful of better days, her people scorned, in the hour of their calamity, to solict the aid of their more fortunate neigh- bors, and ultimately triumphed proudly over the ills upon her poured by malignant fortune. Phcenix-like she has risen from the wreck of every calamity more beautiful and enduring than before, and to-day she pre- ' sents to the world a spectacle of solid growth and substantial wealth of which many an older and more fortunate country might be justly proud. As before intimated, many of the earliest settlers of the county wore men of intelligence, as well as of a fair share of pecuniary means. These early recognized the importance of competitive exhibitions of native products in advancing the spirit of enterprise and consequent improvement of all that pertains to excellence in rural or agricultural pursuits. CLINTON COUNTY .AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCI.ATION. In the fall of 1S56, Clinton County held her first fair, at the grounds one-half mile west of Plattsburg. The fair grounds at first embraced forty acres of land (twenty of which being afterwards sold), well adapted to the purposes to which it was for so many years devoted. This ground, including the improvements, cost the association six thou- sand dollars. These improvements consisted of a large and handsome amphitheatre, with seating capacity for three thousand persons, a suffi- cient number of well arranged booths, a grand stand, and many other conveniences that added to the comforts and attractions of the place. The association was organized with the following officers and directors : Officers— President, A. H. F. Payne ; Vice-President, G. W. Culver ; Secretary, C. S. Hale ; Treasurer, J. N. Hockaday. Directors — James R. Coffmore, James G. Young, H. A. McCartney, J. P. Harlin, G. W. Winn, W. W. Bland, G. W. Davis, Charles Young, R. Scearce, E. C. Birch. The amount of premiums offered the first year, (1856) was eleven hundred dollars. We regret that we cannot obtain a list of the premiums and the names of the successful parties to whom they were awarded. The fair was not only largely attended, but was financially, and in every particular, a great success. These fairs continued to be held, annually. for four successive years, until i860. The civil war, of course, put ai\ 3/8 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. end to everything of the kind, and no effort to revive the institution was inaugurated till two years after the close of the war. At the first annual meeting of the stockholders, which occurred April i, 1867, after the war, the secretary, Wm. J. Biggerstaff, reported the sum of two hundred and eighty-two dollars and ninetj- cents in the hands of the treasurer of the association. At that meeting, the following officers were elected: Charles Young, President ; W. W. Bland, first Vice President ; J. B. Biggerstaff, second Vice President ; John M. McMichael, Secretary ; James M. Clay, Treasurer. Board of Directors — Hardin Township, Rob- ort Johnson and Robert Scearce ; Shoal Township, Thomas E. Turney and H. A. McCartney ; La Fayette Township, George W. Davis and Thomas E. Campbell ; Platte Township, Joseph Duncan and Wm. T. Duvall ; Jackson Township, Richard T. Kellej' and Charles Donning ; Concord Township, Samuel H. Smith. James E. Young and Wilson L. Biggerstaff. The officers for 1868 were: W. W. Bland, President; J. N. Hocka- day, first Vice President ; James R. Coffmore, second Vice President ; John M. McMichael, Secretary, and James M. Clay, Treasurer. Board of Directors — Concord Township, Charles Young, George B. Duncan and M. L. Biggerstaff; Hardin Township, Robert Scearce and Robert Johnson; La Fayette Township, George W. Davis and Thomas E. Campbell ; Platte Township, E. C. Hale and Clay- Duncan ; Shoal Township, John Smith and H. P. McCartney; Jackson Township, Jefferson Hubbard and M. E. Moberly. The officers for 1869 were: J. N. Hockaday, President; James B. Biggerstaff, first Vice President ; Ewen C. Hale, second Vice President ; W. P. Hooper, Secretary, and O. P. Riley, Treasurer. Board of Direc- tors — Aaron Shoemaker, George B. Duncan, Josiah Stoutimore, James E. Young, W. E. Moberly, W. P. Hardin, James T. Gardner, T. F. Phelps, H. C. Duncan, John W. Jones, T. J. Scudusky, Robert Scearce and W. W. Bland. In 1870: Evan C. Hale, President ; Charles Young and Jas. E. Young, Vice Presidents ; W. P. Hooper, Secretary, and O. P. Riley, Treasurer. Directors, Wilson L. Biggerstaff Joseph B. Biggerstaff, G. T. Biggerstaff, W E. Moberly, J. R. Coffman, H. A. McCartne)-, James T. Girdin, H. C. Duncan, W. T. Duvall, E. T. Campbell, R. C. Brown, Robert Scearce and J. H. Mathews. In 1871 : Ewen C. Hale, President; W. W. Bland G. W. Davis, Vice Presidents ; W. P. Hooper, Secretary, and James M. Clay, Treasurer. Directors, H. A. McCartney, W. P. Hardin, H. C. Duncan, T. F. Phelps, Samuel Dunds, T. E. Campbell, Robert Scearce, Jr., B. J. Mathews, W. E. Moberly, T. J. Hubbard, James E. Young, Wilson L. Biggerstaff and G. B. Duncan. IIISTORV OK CLINTON COUNTV. 379 In 1872: W. W. Bland, President; James M. Clay and James B. Biggerstaff, Vice-Presidents ; H. P. Hooper, Secretary, and O. P. Riley, Treasurer. Directors — H. A. McCartney, John Shirts, P^wen C. Hale, John W. Jones, M. Johnson, George W. Davis, T. ¥.. Campbell, Wilson L. Biggerstaff, Samuel H. Smith, W. E. Moberly, T. J. Hubbard, James E. Young, and William Winn. In 1873 : W. W. Bland, President ; James M. Clay and Joseph B. Biggerstaff, Vice-Presidents ; W. P. Hooper, Secretarj% and O. P. Rile\-, Treasurer. Directors — H. P. McCartney, John Shirts, Ewen C. Hale, J. W. Jones, M. Johnson, George W. Davis, Robert L. Scearce, W. L. Big- gerstaff, Samuel H. Smith, W. E. Moberly, J. R. Coffman, James E. Young, and William W'inn. In 1874 the same officers who served in 1873 were re-elected for 1874. In 1S75 : W. W. Bland, President ; A. S. Fry and O. P. Riley, Vice- Presidents ; George P. Funkhouser, Secretary, and C. W. Porter, Treas- urer. Directors— John Shirts, W. P. Hardin, W. T. Duvall, R. C. Brown, George W. Davis, Jackson Estes, George Shepperd, T. D. Phillips, V. R. Porter, R. T. Kelley, T. J. Hubbard, Berry Shaver, and C. H. Lincoln. The last fair held at Plattsburg was in the fall of 1870, but the organization continued until 1876, when the operations of the associa- tion were discontinued. During that year the grounds and propert)' of the association were sold to Col. Charles W. Porter. After the payment of all debts and encumbrances a dividend of two dollars and fifty cents was paid to each of the stockholders. Thus terminated the fortunes of the Clinton County Agricultural and Mechanical Association, an asso- ciation that did much good toward encouraging and developing the agri- cultural resources and mechanical ingenuity of the county. The Clinton County Register, of September 23d, 1870, in speaking of the last fair held in the county, says: "The first day (Tuesday), the ^\■eather was so inauspicious that the directors postponed the exhibition until Wednesday. Wednesday, though, in the the morning, the clouds ivere lowering, by ten o'clock the shifting drapery of the skies passed away, and a goodly crowd began wending it-^ way to the scene of attraction. Thursday and Friday came with promise of fine weather, and, early in the morning of each day, the people came en masse. These were two good days for showing horses, mules, jacks, colts, bonnets, fine dresses, silk hats, babies, an^l other attendant attractions. These two days passed of pleasantly, and with profit to the association. Saturday, the last day of the fair, the ladies exhibited a numerous and gaud)' dis- play of quilts, comforts, petticoats, bonnets, dresses, cabbages, beets, turnips, etc., etc., this day being substituted for Tuesday. The display of carriages, buggies and wagons was very good. Mr. Scutt and Messrs. Moore & Mathews had a fine display of their workmanship upon the 380 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. grounds, and it drew remarks of commendation from all. The associa- tion have met all expenses, with a handsome surplus over." Below we give the names of the parties to whom premiums were awarded, and a list of the articles for which the premiums were given. 'We do this to show the productive resources of the county at that date, and also to show, in the years to come, the names of the men and women who took an active part in making the fairs of Clinton County a success. The premiums amounted to $2,773 ■ FIRST DAY — FIRST CLASS. Best home-made jeans, Miss Tine Johnson ; best colored linsey,. Mrs. Harriet Martin, premium and certificate; best white linsey, Mrs. Harriet Martin, premium ; best white flannel, Mrs. A. C. Cook, premium ;. best colored flannel, Mrs. Harriet Martin, premium ; best linen diaper, Miss Jennie Payne, premium ; best wool carpet, Mrs. A. C. Cook, pre- mium ; best rag carpet, Mrs. H. Martin, premium ; best pair blankets, Mrs. H. Martin, premium ; best balmoral, Mrs. G. D. Hockaday, pre- mium ; best pair woolen hose, Mrs. H. Martin, premium ; best pair half hose. Miss Cordelia Osborn, premium ; best pair glove mitts, Mrs. J. D. Johnson, premium ; best made coat, (by lady), Mrs. W. B. Biggerstaff; premium ; best made shirt. Miss Sallie Lindsey, premium ; best speci- men linen thread, Mrs. Annie Nash, premium ; best straw hat. Miss Mauda Shepherd, premium. SKCONl) CLASS. Best silk quilt, Mrs. G. D. Hockaday, premium ; best worsted quilt, Mrs. G. D. Hockaday, premium ; best cotton quilt. Miss Ellen Hale, premium ; best woolen quilt, Miss Annie Johnson. Best needle work in silk, Miss Jennie Payne, premium ; best needle work in linen, Miss Mollie Riley, premium ; best tetting. Miss Mollie Breckenridge, premium ; best fancy dress bonnet, Mrs. L. Morris, pre- mium ; best sun-bonnet. Miss Sallie J. Lindsey, premium ; best painting in oil, J. G. Priegel, premium. FOURTH CLASS. Best washing machine, P. B. Shoemaker, premium. SIXTFI CLASS. Best acre of corn, James Hedges, premium ; best acre of wheat, George W. Dawson, premium ; best acre of clover, Robert Scearce, pre- HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. 381 niium ; best specimen bread corn, Jeremiah Newb)', premium ; best specimen stock corn, Jeremiah Newby, premium ; best specimen fall wheat, Josiah Stoutimore, premium ; best specimen oats, O. P. Moran, premium. SKYENTII C!..\SS. Best loaf light wheat bread, Mrs. A. Meininger, premium ; best ham, cooked, Mrs. M. E. Biggerstaff, premium ; best honey, Mrs. Tine Johnson, premium ; best green pickles, Mrs. L. Wilkerson, premium ; best yellow pickles, Mrs. L. Wilkerson, premium ; best damson preserves, Mrs. O. P. Moran, premium ; best apple preserves, Mrs. O. P. Moran, premium ; best pear preserves, Mrs. O. P. Moran, premium ; best cherry preserves, Mrs. O. P. Moran, premium ; best quince preserves, Mrs. O. P. Moran, premium ; best peach preserves, Mrs. Robert Johnson, premium ; best currant jelly, Mrs. G. D. Hockaday, premium ; best gooseberry jelly, Miss Tine Johnson, premium ; best apple jelly, Mrs. Robert Johnson, premium. KIGHTH CI..\.SS. Best pair turkeys, Samuel Shepherd, premium ; best pair ducks, Richard Rocknell, premium ; best pair chickens, Samuel Shepherd, jjremium. NINTH CL.VSS. Best display of peaches, A. Rogers, premium ; best domestic wine, O. P. Moran, premium ; best grapes, O. P. Moran, premium ; best sor- ghum molasses, O. P. Moran, premium ; best vinegar, John D. Johnson, premium ; best cabbage, Mrs. L. C. Hedges, premium ; best sweet potatoes, Eli Lainhart, premium ; best tomatoes, A. Rogers, premium ; best watermelons, P. F. Trice, premium ; best beets, John H. Trice, premium ; best parsnips, Mrs. M. E. Biggerstaff, premium ; best pump- kins, A. X'aughn, premium ; best display of vegetables, Jeremiah Newb)-, premium ; best bouquet, Miss Moran. premium. TENTH C1..\SS. Best farm stallion, William Chestnut, premium ; best farm stallion, three to four years, J. B. Mathews, premium ; best farm stallion, two to three years, J. B. Mathews, premium ; best farm stallion, one to two years, J. S. Ellis, premium ; best farm stallion colt, Mrs. L. Kasaker, premium ; best farm mare. Dr. W. W. Bland, premium ; best farm mare, three to four years. Mr. Pasle)-, premium ; best farm mare, two to three years, D. W. Johnson, premium ; best farm mare, one to two years. Dr. W. W. Bland, premium ; best farm mare colt, James H. McW'illiams, premium ; best stallion, sweepstakes, J. B. Mathews, premium ; best farm mare, sweepstakes, Dr. W. W. Bland, premium. 382 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. SECOND DAY — FIRST CLASS. Best pair horse shoes, John Egleston, premium ; best sample horse shoe nails, Moore & Mathews, premium ; best horse shoeing, John Egles- ton, premium ; best two horse plow, John Deere, premium ; best harrow, William Denagan, premium ; best wagon, W. W. Scutt, premium ; best buggy, Moore & Mathews, premium. SECOND CLASS. Best bull, three to four years, Joseph Duncan, premium ; best bull, two to three years, J. J. Vaughn, premium ; best bull, one to two years, W. F. Gordon, premium ; best bull calf, W. F. Gordon, premium ; best cow, W. F. Gordon, premium ; best cow, three to four years, W. F. Gor- don, premium ; best cow, two to three years, W. F. Gordon, premium ; best bull, sweepstakes, W. F. Gordon, premium ; best calf, James M. Clay, premium ; finest and best fatted steer, three to four years, S. C. Duncan, premium ; finest and best fatted steer, S. C. Duncan, premium ; best yoke oxen, S. C. Duncan, premium ; best cow, sweepstakes, J. McConnel, premium. THIRD CLASS. Best boar, F. M. Reynolds, premium; best boar, under twelve months, F. M. Reynolds, premium ; best sow, F. M. Reynolds, premium ; best sow, under twelve months, J. B. Biggerstaff, premium ; best fat pig, James Breckinridge, premium ; best pair pigs, F. M. Reynolds, premium ; best boar, sweepstakes, F. M. Reynolds, premium ; best sow, sweep- stakes, J. B. Biggerstaff Best harness stallion, William Chestnut, premium ; best harness stallion, three to four years, J. B. Mathews, premium ; best harness stal- lion, two to three years, J. B. Matthews, premium ; best harness stallion, one to two years, J. S. Ellis, premium ; best harness stallion, colt, B. F. Newby, premium ; best harness mare, T. C. Berryman, premium ; best harness mare, three to four years, H. Vance, premium; best harness mare, two to three years, H. Vance, premium ; best harness mare, one to two years. Dr. W. W. Bland, premium ; best harness mare colt, James H. Mc Williams, premium ; best harness stallion, sweepstakes, J. H. Mathews, premium ; best harness mare, sweepstakes, George J. Warson, premium ; best pair carriage geldings, O. L. Ford, premium ; best buggy gelding or mare, T. C. Berryman, premium ; best rider, from twelve to twenty, W. H. Hale, premium. IIISTOKV OF CLINTON COUNTY. 383 Best buck, J. H. Saii,rhmaii, premium ; best ewe, J. H. Sais^'hman, premium ; best pair lambs, J. H. Saitjhman, premium. SECOND CLASS. Best jack, F. Henshaw, premium ; best jack, sweepstakes, F. Hen- shaw, premium ; best jennet, F. Henshaw, premium ; best jack, two to three years, John Trimble, premium ; best jack, one to two years, George H. Xewby, premium ; best jennet colt, George Moore, premium. Best harness gelding, T. C. Berr)-man, premium ; best harness geld- ing, three to four years, John Barrett, premium. FOURTH CLASS. Best thoroughbred stallion, H. D. Bunch, premium ; best thor- oughbred stallion, two to three years, W. T. Onan, premium ; best thoroughbred stallion, one to two years, W. T. Onan, premium ; best thoroughbred stallion colt, B. F. Newby, premium ; best thoroughbred mare, H. A. ]\IcCartney, premium ; best thoroughbred mare, three to four years, H. A. McCartney, premium ; best thoroughbred mare, two to three years, John Buchanan, premium ; best thoroughbred mare, one to two years, Dr. W. W. Bland, premium ; best thoroughbred colt, W. T. Onan, premium ; best thoroughbred stallion, sweepstakes, H. D. Bunch, premium; best thoroughbred mare, sweepstakes, W. T. Onan, premium ; best rider of any age, J. Breckinridge, premium. FOURTH DAY— FUvST CLASS. Best mare mule, W. H. Holt, premium ; best mare mule, three to four years, Charles Donnig, premium ; best mare mule, two to three years, John H. Trice, premium ; best mare mule, one to two years, E. T. Smith, premium ; best mare mule colt, J. M. Jones, premium ; best horse mule, W. W. Bishop, premium ; best horse mule, two to three years, W. W. Bishop, premium ; best horse mule colt, E. T. Smith, premium ; best harness mules. Pomp. Adams, premium ; best pair carriage mules, George A. Chandle, premium ; best saddle mule, J. F. Debury, premium. SECOND CLASS. Best saddle gelding, C. Miller, premium ; best saddle gelding, three to four years, C. M. Benton, premium. 384 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. Best saddle stallion, T. C. Berryman, premium ; best saddle stallion, three to four years, R. S. Todhuiiter, premium ; best saddle stallion, two to three years, R. S. Todhunter, premium ; best saddle stallion, one to two years, J. S. Ellis, premium ; best saddle stallion colt, B. F. Nevvby, premium; best saddle mare, William Rust, premium; best saddle mare, three to four years, R. S. Todhunter, premium; best saddle mare, two to three years, D. Bevins, premium ; best saddle mare, one to two years, J. M. Jones, premium ; best saddle mare colt, J. M. Jones, premium ; best saddle stallion sweepstakes, T. C. Berryman, premium ; best saddle mare sweepstakes, William Rust, premium. Best stallion all classes sweepstakes, L. Duvall, premium ; best mare all classes sweepstakes, G. W. Johnson, premium ; best brood mare sweepstakes, Dr. W. W. Bland, premium ; best saddle jjony, James G. Willoughby, premium; best rider on mule, R. S. Todhunter, premium; best horse, mare or gelding, sweepstakes. Dr. W. W. Bland, premium ; best saddle horse, mare or gelding, Mr. Miller, premium ; best rider of any age, Joseph Breckinridge. CLINTON COUNTY F.^RMERS' CLUB. After one or two preliminary meetings, held elsewhere in the county, the Clinton County Farmers' Club met in the town of Plattsburg on the 19th day of July, 1873, and completed its organization, its officers being A. C. Cook, president, and Michael Moorhead, secretary. At a subsequent meeting, held on the 2d day of August, 1873, at the Fairview school house, the following officers were elected for the ensuing year: William Johnson, president ; W. E. McWilliams, vice president ; and Michael Moorhead, secretary. At that meeting a constitution and by-laws were adopted for the government of the clubs throughout the different townships in the county. The preamble to the constitution read as follows : Whereas, Other classes and professions of men have formed com- binations to protect their interests, and. Whereas, Many of their combinations are working indirectlj- against the best interests of the farmer ; therefore, in order to secure our rights and protect our interests against the encroachments of said combina- tions, we, the representatives of the Farmers' Clubs of Clinton County, Missouri, do hereby form ourselves into a mutual co-operative associa- tion, and adopt the following constitution and by-laws : CONSTITUTION— ARTICLE I. Section i. The association shall be known as the Clinton County Association of Farmers' Clubs. HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. 385 ARTICLE II. Section i. The object of this association shall be the promotion and attainment of united and uniform actions of the clubs of which it is composed, in all matters affecting their interests and welfare, in bringing the producer and consumer nearer together by buying and selling through this association, or through such parties as may make arrangements with it, to buy or sell such articles or implements as may be needed, and to transact such other business as may be necessary to secure these ends. Sec. 2. To combine the farmers of this count)- in particular, for the purpose of self protection and the promotion of rural, domestic and polit- ical economy. Sec. 3. The dissemination and promotion of a knowledge of prac- tical farming, horticulture and all things pertaining thereto. Sec. 4. To foster and encourage intimate, social relations with each other, so as to secure an active co-operative association for our common benefit. We omit giving the by-laws, on account of their length. I'hey are, however, such rules and regulations as govern other institutions of a similar character. At the meeting of Jul)- 19th, among other proceedings, we find the following : It was Resolved, That in order to facilitate the organization of farmers' clubs in the several townships in the county, this association will, upon notice to Captain E. C. Thompson, our corresponding secretary, send suitable persons, on any day named in the notice, to assist in such organ- ization. Resolved, further. That we learn with pleasure that deputy grange master, J. M. Mitchell, is soon to be in our county to organize granges, and we extend to him a hearty welcome. Whereas, The avowed object of this association is to remove the onerous burdens now crushing and paralyzing all our industry in various states of the union : in the form of crushing taxation ; villainous com- binations of unscrupulous men and corporations to depress the prices of our produce and increase the cost of conveying the same to the con- sumers and the markets of the world, giving the producer the smallest pittance for his products, and charging him the very highest rates for implements and machiner)-, goods and wares used on our farms or in our families ; and Whereas, Our country in her agricultural, political, and social interests is being threatened by "death "in every channel leading to progress and prosperity; her calamities being mainly the fault of unnat- ural divisions among the producers, and caused by a few mischievous and corrupt who are, as barter, bought and sold by sordid monopolies. But still having no abiding faith in her farmers and laborers, who are the producers and the sheet-anchor of hope to our body politic, we have determined to unite in an unselfish struggle for its redemption ; and Whereas, Among other remedies for our oppression, we must also resort to wholesome legislation for some relief, and that hereafter, in the election of county officers, member of state legislature and a United 386 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. States senator, all of whom are supposed to be a reflex of the people and not of a clique, it becomes important that we make known some of our demands ; therefore Resolved, first, That we will not support any candidate for office who is not eminently qualified for the position sought for, and whose past record has identified him with men or measures inimical to our interests, by reason of increasing the burdens of which we complain, and for which we now demand a remedy and reform for the future. Resolved, second, That the salaries of our county officers are dis- proportionately high to the relative amount of services rendered, thereby increasing our taxes, which are now enormous, and which the farmer has almost entirely to pay, we therefore demand a reduction of the same to such a figure as business men would consider such services worth, if ren- dered in any legitimate business ; and those candidates for official posi- tions who expect the support of the producers of our county, shall be required to pledge themselves to accept such reduction of their salaries as the legislature may see fit to make ; and they will assent to the same without controversy, to the provisions of such salary bill to take effect upon its passage and approval by the governor of the state. Resolved, third. That we are opposed to double taxation, and we most emphatically condemn the interference of powerful and moneyed corporations and corrupt cliques in our local and general elections when, by the lavish expenditure of money the bona fide taxpayer is cheated out of honest representation, and must submit to gross abuse of his political rights. Resolved, fourth. That in selecting a candidate to represent the county in the halls of the capitol, we shall act independently of party lines, and support only such a man, as in our opinion, possesses the brains, ability and known honesty, as will be sufficient guarantee that he can and will grapple with these and other grievances, and will strive to apply such remedy as shall be effectual, and whose past record will give us confidence that he will not be an instrument in the hands of any tyrannical monopoly ; and further, Resolved, fifth. That our representative to the legislature will use every exertion in asserting the undoubted rights of the people, in check- ing the rapacious encroachments of existing railroad companies on the rights of the people ; that he will labor assiduously for a reduction and equalization of railroad tariffs to fair living rates ; and, also, aid in all obnoxious charges against trade and commerce. Resolved, sixth. That in the event of the prominent parties failing to nominate candidates on the foregoing basis of retrenchment and reform, that a call be issued for mass meetings of the independent voters of Clinton County, to nominate a list of candidates who are thoroughly identified with the reforms which we now and forever will insist upon demanding until accomplished. The following preamble and resolutions were introduced by Michael Moorhead, and adopted unanimously and by acclamation : Whereas, I. C. Parker, Congressman of the Sixth Congressional District of Missouri, has violated his pledge given to the people on the eve of his election, "that he would give his influence for and use all the means in his power in favor of economy in making and dispensing the IIISTOKV 0I-- CLINTON COUNTY. 387 laws of the land." Now, whereas, Congressman Parker voted for the salary steal, and received back pay; therefore, be it Kcsohiii, That we deem it a public and wilful violation of his pledge given to us, and a betrayal of confidence reposed in him, and that we now, as the representatives of the farmers of Clinton County, Missouri, do demand I. C. Parker to resign his seat in Congress. Risok'i-d, That our secretary furnish those salary-grabbers with a copy of these resolutions. • Risok'iii, That President Grant, by his act of signing the bill known as the " salary grab," in violation of the spirit of the constitution, whereby he put $100,000 in his pocket, the hard earnings of the yeomanry of the country, has shown himself unworthy the confidence of the people, irre- spective of party, and justly deserves the condemnation and execration of the toiling masses throughout the country. PATRONS OF HUSr,.\NI)RV. A Council of the Patrons of Husbandry was organized on the 20th of November, 1873, at Masonic Hall, in the town of Plattsburg. The following were the officers elected upon that occasion : E. C. Hale, Master ; Dr. G. W. Johnson, Overseer ; C. L. Kelley, Steward ; M. S. Allgaier, Assistant Steward ; V. P. Kelley, Lecturer ; G. W. Everett, Chaplain ; W. L. Culver, Secretary ; James M. Clay, Treasurer ; Dr. H. P. Saunders, Gate Keeper ; Mrs. G. VV. Johnson, Ceres ; Miss Eliza Crockett, Pomona ; Miss Maggie Saunders, Flora ; Mrs. James A. Ellidge, Lady Assistant Steward : Samuel H. McWilliams, Business Agent, and A. C. Cook, Berryman Shafer and Walden Kelley, Execu- tive Committee. There were during the }-ear 1873, three organizations in the count)- known as Clinton County Farmers' Clubs, Patrons of Husbandry, and Order of Grangers. The first was purely a local institution, while the two latter were national in their character. The founder of the two last orders was William Saunders, a Scotchman, who gave them a name and existence about the year 1866. The objects and purposes of these different organizations were substantially the same, and all were finally merged into one — the Order of the Grangers. SHORT HORN .\SSO(T.\'l'ION. One among the most prominent and praiseworthy objects which has, for many years, engaged the attention of the Clinton County farmers and stock raisers, is that of raising fine blooded cattle. As early as 1855, Stephen C. Duncan, of this county, recognizing the excellent facilities and perfect adaption of the soil and climate, to the breeding and rearing of the best blooded cattle, imported from Kentucky, several of the short horns from the finest breeds. So suc- cessful was he in this enterprise, that at different periods after that date. 388 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTV. other men invested in the same kind of cattle, the number increasing, until the winter of 1879, when there was found to be between fifteen and twenty men in the county who were making a specialtj- of raising short horns. During that winter, in. the month of January, the Breeders' Associa- tion of Clay and Clinton Counties, Missouri, was organized, with James M. Clay, of Plattsburg, president, and S. C. Duncan of Smithville, Clay County, secretary. This association immediately issued a descriptive catalogue of their stock, the title page of which, read as follows : " In presenting this catalogue to the public, the Breeders' Associa- tion of Clay and Clinton Counties, Missouri, take pleasure in extending to all a cordial invitation to examine the blood contained in it. It is presumed that breeders and farmers, with the catalogue before them, will be able to form an intelligent estimate of its value. We believe the stock offered is fully up to the standard ; and, if well handled, A\ill be profitable, and convince buyers of the fact that blood will tell. All stock sold will be warranted as represented, and put aboard the cars, free of charge at the buyer's risk. Terms of sale, cash. A credit of six months will be given with ten per cent interest. Purchaser to give approved note before removing stock." The following are the names of the parties belonging to the Breed- ers', or Short Horn Association, each of whom have herds of blooded cattle, numbering from three to one hundred head : James M. Calay & Son, 100; J. N. Winn, 30; B. F. Winn, 70; Alexander Breckenridge, 40; Benjamin Trimble, 40; La Fayette Wright, 20; J. A. Burk, 15; H. C. Duncan, 30; Joseph Duncan, Sr., 50; Joseph Duncan, Jr., 10; E. C. Hale, 40; James T. Phelps, — ; James A. Funkhouser, 12; Jesse Baker, 12; Down- ing & Summers, — ; I. P. Hopkins, 5; Frederic Essig, 15; John Graj-son, 3; Joseph Ashby, 15; George W. Dawson, 30; George Newby, 20; John Kilgore, 50; John Payne, 6; Dyerle & Barrett, 12; John Bevins, 6; Dr. W. W. Bland & Son, 6; Jones & Brothers, 6; Scearce & Brothers, 30; R. C. Brown, 20; O'Neal Brothers, 20; Robert Tindall, 20; Burkley Brothers, 40; Green, 10; Porter & Brothers, 12; Picket & Son, 20; Granville Biggerstaff, 20; A. C. Cook, 8; Jos. B. Biggerstaff, 3; Marion Snodgrass, 12; Stephen Trice, 30; Abram Fry, 6. The first sale of short horns occurred in 1879. There were sold ninety-seven head, which averaged about $100 each. In 1880, ninety head were sold, averaging $105. During the present year (1881), in Ma)-, the association sold 114 head, at an average of $120. Another sale has just taken place (Octo- 'ber 25, 1881), a full account of which we here give : Bidding last Tuesday on the short horns offered and sold was with- out any manifestation of a livcl}- interest in the transaction, though HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. 389 every one could see bargains were being had in almost every individual. The association was aware of the unfavorable circumstances attending their sale this fall, and did not expect their stock to bring such figures as heretofore, but they certainly expected better results than awaited them. The whole number of animals sold by members of the association was sixt}'-eight — thirty-five bulls and thirty-three cows. The former brought $2,210, being an average of $62.85 ; the latter brought $3,210, or an average of $97.27. The following is a report of the day's transac- tion : Alice Maud 5th of Maple Hill, A. H. B., Vol. 19; red; bred and owned by H. C. Duncan; calved February 25, 187S — a Ruby. Bought by L. V. Porter, Plattsburg, Missouri, for $130. 3d Moss Rose of Maple Hill, a Ruby, A. H. B., Vol. 20, page 16008 ; red ; bred by J. A. Campbell ; owned by H. C. Duncan ; calved January 10, 1879. James E. Hughes, Osborn, Missouri, $210. i8th Alice Maud of Clinton, a Ruby, A. H. B., Vol. 16, page 1 1953 ; red ; bred by J. M. Clay ; owned by J. M. Clay & Son ; calved December 30, 1874. I. N. Winn, Graysonville, Missouri, $75. 53d Alice Maud of Clinton, a Ruby, red ; bred b\' J. Al.Clay; owned by J. M. Clay & Son; calved February 23, 1880. E. W. Powers, Platts- burg, Missouri, $65. Mercedes, a Florinda, red ; bred by J. S. Crouch ; owned by Winn & Payne ; calved April 17, 1877. James A. Bland, Gower, Missouri, $100. Rose of Fairholme 4th, a Rose of Sharon, red roan ; bred by T. C. Jones; owned by J. C. Payne ; calved February 22, 1872. I. N. Winn, Graysonville, Missouri, $200. 27th Alice Maud of Clinton, a Ruby, A. H. B., Vol. 17; red ; bred b)- James A. Funkhouser ; calved December 28, 1878. James A. Bland, Gower, Missouri, $70. Reference, a Ruby; red and some white ; bred and owned by J. A. P"unkhouser ; calved July 20, 1 880. Ben. Porter, Plattsburg, Missouri, $40. Jake, an Irene, roan ; bred and owned by G. W. Dawson ; calved October 26, 1880. T. Brock, Lawson, Missouri, $80. Rose roth, a Young Mary, A. S. H. R., Vol. 6, page 558 ; red and little white ; bred by T. C. Anderson, Sideview, Kentucky; owned by N. Fred. Essig; calved November 20, 1872. Raleigh Morgan, Plattsburg, Missouri, $85. Roanoke, a Ruby, roan; bred and owned by Joseph Duncan, Jr.; calved August 15, 1880. R. Doak, Perrin, Missouri, $60. Cambria Duke 3d, a Rosemary, red ; bred and owned by S. C. Dun- can ; calved July 30, 1880. J. W. Lucas, Maysville, Missouri, $90. Country Gentleman, a Red Rose, red and little white ; bred and owned by S. C. Duncan ; calved June 9, 1880. W. D. Holmes, Plattsburg, Missouri, $65. 390 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTV. Louan's Marquis, a Rosemary, red ; bred and owned by H. C. Duncan, calved November 7, 1880. Thomas Willard, Richmond, Missouri, $80. 47th Alice Maud of Clinton, a Rub\', red and white ; bred and owned by J. M. Clay & Son; calved May 5, 1879. R. H. Finch, Lawson, Mis- souri, $90. 48th Alice Maud of Clinton, a Ruby, red and white ; bred by J. M. Clay, owned by J. M. Clay & Son; calved July 16, 1879. A. Gordon, Knoxville, Missouri, $105. Miss Goodness, a Red Rose, red ; bred and owned by J. A. Funk- houser ; calved March 18, 1881. R. M. Hunter, Lawson, Missouri, $50. Boss Goodness, a Red Rose, roan ; bred by D. E. Goodman, owned by J. A. Funkhouser ; calved June 1, 1878. E. W. Powers, Plattsburg, Missouri, $65. Airdrie Bo\-, a Flora, (recorded in Vol. 9, S. H. R., as produce and as Vol. Airdrie), red and white ; bred by J. L. Ashby, owned by T. W. Russell ; calved March 8, 1880. John Stilfield, Osborn, Missouri, $35. D. C. Allen, a Harriett, red ; bred and owned by S. C. Duncan ; calved August 18, 1880. John L. Leonard, St. Joseph, Missouri, $80. Bob Bass, an Avarilda, roan ; bred by R. T. Bass, owned by S. C. Duncan ; calved June 24, 1880. J. W. Hathaway, Ferrin, Missouri, $45. Red Duchess 3d, a Mrs. Motte, A. H. B., Vol. 21, red and white, by J. S. Kenney, Paris, Kentucky, owned by H. C. Duncan ; calved May 10, 1878. William Thompson, Maysville, Missouri, $110. Spotted Chief, a Rosemary, red ; bred and owned by S. C. Duncan ; calved April 7, 1880. W. T. Thorp, Plattsburg, Missouri, $70. Red Duchess of -Maple Hill, a Mrs. Motte, A. H. B., Vol. 21, red ; bred and owned by H. C. Duncan; calved October 19, 1880. William Thompson, Maysville, Missouri, $95. 49th Alice Maud of Clinton, a Ruby, red roan ; bred bj- J. M. Clay, owned by J. M. Clay & Son; calved August 12, 1879. A. A. Brecken- ridge, Plattsburg, Missouri, $100. Baron of Maple Hill, a Young Mary, red ; bred and owned b}- H. C. Duncan ; calved December 19, 1880. William Thompson, Ma\-s\'ille, Missouri, $I0S. Fifty-seventh Alice Maud, of Clinton, a Rub}-, red and white; bred by J. M. Clay, owned by J. M. Clay & Son. R. H. Finch, Lawson, Missouri, $75. Colonel Clay, a Victoria, red ; bred and owned by J. A. Funkhouser; calved April 18, 1881. H. J. Alley, Princeton, Missouri, $95. Moss Ross 23d, a Ruby, red and white ; bred by J. M. Claj-, owned by J. M. Clay & Son; calved March i, 1874. William Thompson, Mays- ville, Missouri, $125. Joe Duncan 26910, a Victoria, red ; bred by T. E. Turney, owned by J. A. Funkhouser; calved September 25, 1876. P.T.Bruce, Edgerton, Missouri, $90. HISTORY OK CLINTON COUNTY, 39I Rose A>-lmer, 8 Victoria, A. H. H. volume 15; red; bred by T. K. Turne)-, owned by J. A. Funkhouser ; cah'etl March 15, 1874. John R. Killt,^ore, Plattsburg. $125. Frost, red ; bred and owned b)' N. P'red Essiy ; calved December 1, 1880, a White Rose. Thomas Wright, Holt, Missouri, $25. Geneva Lad of Willow Park 2d, a Ruby, red and little white ; bred and owned by E. C. Hale; calved May 21, 1880. Lewis Hockensmith, Turne}', Missouri, $45. Red bull, a Carnation, red ; bred bj- William B. Morris, owned by Downing & Somers ; cahed September 10, 1878. W. C. \\'ilkerson, Stewartsville, $40. Moss Rose of Arlington, A. H. B. volume 20; red ; bred by Jos. Duncan, owned by H. C. Duncan ; calved August 20, 1876, a Ruby. Hon. James E. Hughes, Osborn, Missouri, $200. Lady Maple 9th, a Mrs. Motte, A. H. B., volume 20, p. 15816 ; light roan; bred and owned by H. C. Duncan; calved June i, 1880. Hon. James E. Hughes, Osborn, Missouri, $So. Lena Rivers 8th, a Mrs. Motte, red ; A. H. B., vol. 21 ; bred and owned by H. C. Duncan ; calved October 10, 1880. A. Gordon, of Lib- erty, Missouri, $85. Lady Maple loth, a Mrs. Motte, A. H. B., vol. 20; roan; bred and owned by H. C. Duncan ; calved Ma)' 23, 1880. Hon. James E. Hughes, Osborn, $75. Frederick, a Mrs. Motte ; red ; bred and owned by S. C. Duncan ; calved May 31, 18S0. H. R. Case, Muscotah, Kansas, $50. Chreighton, a Daisy ; red and white ; owned by S. C. Duncan ; calved October 30, 1880. C. S. Riley. Plattsburg, Missouri, $90. Billy Boy, a Daisy ; red and little white ; bred and owned by S. C. Duncan ; calved September 9, 1880. Leander Swain, Stewartsville, Missouri, $40. 1st Cora of Clinton, a F'lora, A. H. B., vol. 19, p. 14,444 ; red ; bred by J. M.Clay ; owned by J. M. Clay & Son; calved January 31, 1877. Thomas Wollard, Richmond, Missouri, $150. 2d Lily, a Mrs Motte, A. H. B., vol. 20, p. 15,861 ; red roan ; bred by Stephen Duncan ; owned by J. M. Clay & Son ; calved April 25, 1876. E. W. Powers, Plattsburg, Missouri, $80. 2d Cora of Clinton, a Flora; red ; bred b)' J. M. Clay; owned by J. M. Clay & Son ; calved May 5, 1879. Adam Breckenridge, Plattsburg, Missouri, $65. Liberator, a Reubenia ; red ; bred and owned by J. A. Funkhouser ; calved April 6, 1881. Thomas Wollard, Richmond, Missouri, $75. Rosette, a Zera, A. H. B., vol. 16; red and white; bred by W. Rook; owned by J. A. Funkhouser; calved April 8, 1877. Henry Spurley, Spring Hill, Kansas, $80. 392 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. Ranger, a Ruby ; red ; bred and owned by J. A. Funkhouser ; calved May 19, 1881. W. T. Logan, Perrin, Missouri, $35. Louis Moore, a Josephine, red, bred and owned by A. B. Crawford ; calved August 14, 1880. I. N. Winn, Graysonville, Missouri, $55. Lord Bacon, an Adelaide, recorded as produced to dam 9th Vol. S. H. R., red ; bred and owned by Thomas W. Russell ; calved June i, 1880. T. J. McClellan, Liberty, Missouri, $35. Josepha's 2d Josie, a Miss Severs, red and white, bred by the Hamil- ton's, owned by J. L. Ashby ; calved , 1880. Benjamin Porter, Plattsburg, Missouri, $40. Lady Maple 5th, a Mrs. Motte, roan, bred and owned by H. C. Dun- can ; calved July 3, 1878. William Thompson, Maysville, Missouri, $100. Frank, a Miss Severs, red and little white, bred and owned by S. C. Duncan; calved August 12, 1880. Levi Deney, Lawson, $80. Lena Rivers 7th, a Mrs. Motte, A. H. B. Vol. 20, roan ; bred by J. W. Gossip, owned by H. C. Duncan ; calved July 2, 1880. S.Duncan, Smith- ville, $60. Prince, a Ruby, red ; bred and owned by J. Phelps ; calved Novem- ber 20, 1879. J. M. Morrow, Lawson, Missouri, $100. Miss Aggie, a Mrs. Motte, red and some white ; bred and owned by J. A. Funkhouser ; calved April 4, 1881. William L. Culver, Grayson- ville, $35- 3d Cora of Clinton, a Flora, red roan ; bred by J. M. Clay & Son ; calved June 17, 1880. Adam Breckenridge, Plattsburg, Missouri, $75. Bill Dryden 3d, a Miss Severs, red and some white, bred and owned by S. C. Duncan ; calved July 19, 18S0. P. P. Bruce, Edgerton, Mis- souri, $55. Marion Duke, a Mrs. Motte, red and white ; bred by J. W. Gossip, owned by H. C. Duncan ; calved June 2, [880. G. W. Shepherd, Platts- burg, $65. 2d Duke of Locust Lawn, a Ruby, red and little white ; bred and owned by B. F. Winn ; calved February 17, 1880. I. N. Winn, Grayson- ville, $65. Alice Maude's Duke, a Ruby, red and white ; bred and owned by B. F. Winn ; calved October 28, 1880. L N. Winn, Graysonville, $65. Maggie's Duke, a Daisy, red roan ; bred and owned by B. F. Winn ; calved June 11, 1880. I. N. Winn, Graysonville, $80. Chevelier, a Miss Severs, red and little white ; bred and owned by B. F. Winn ; calved August 4, 1880. I. N. Winn, Graysonville, $65. Mattie, a Daisy, red, with little white ; bred and owned by B. F. Winn ; calved October 9, 1880. I. N. Winn, Graysonville, $120. Dora's Duke, a Miss Severs, red and white ; bred and owned by B. F. Winn ; calved September 2, 18S0. I. N. Winn, Graysonville, $70. HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. 393 Nora Blye of Locust Lawn, a Lady Elizabeth, red ; bred and owned b\- B. F. Winn ; calved November 19, 1880. J. M. Willard, Richmond, Missouri, $126. Wild Eyes Illustrious, an Illustrious, red; bred and owned by B. F. Winn ; calved September 22, 18S0. John Barrett, Plattsburg, $130. Wade Hampton 3d, a Daisy, red ; bred and the property of J. H. Trimble; calved November 2, 1S80. I. R. Story, Placerville, Clay County, Missouri, $50. Wade Hampton 2d, a Donna Maria, red ; bred by and the property of J. H. Trimble ; calved March 30, 1S80. Benjamin Porter, Plattsburg, Missouri, $35. These semi-annual sales of short horns have not only been greatly remunerative to the parties interested, but entirely satisfactory to the purchasers, the stock in every instance coming fully up to the repre- sentations of the association. Beside, these sales have given the county a name and standing abroad which it not only deserves, but which will in the future give it a distinction above all others in the state as a county of fine blooded stock. Clinton County has no outlying lands except in timber. The prairie lands are all in field and pasture, with crops and herds, virtually in each rivaling the very finest productions of the fairest portions of the Union. The system of farming and grazing is being improved each year by an industrious and intelligent yeomanry. In breeding cattle, horses, mules, hogs and sheep the county com- pares favorably with the best sections of the state, in fact, with the most favored regions of the country. The great luxuriance and excellence of its grasses give the county an unsurpassed advantage in growing and developing stock of all kinds. So successful have been the farmers of the county in raising fat cattle, hogs, sheep, and in fact, everything of an agricultural character proper to this latitude, that everything shipped from the county to St. Louis, Chicago or the eastern markets, finds not only a ready sale, but commands the highest market price. In order to appreciate the importance of Clinton County, as com- pared to other counties in the state, it is only necessary to institute a brief comparison. In 1881, according to the assessment rolls of Clinton County, there were: Cattle, 24,470; sheep, 19,814; hogs, 48,703. In Clay County : Cattle, 14,568; sheep, 17,272; hogs, 43,143. In Caldwell County: Cattle, 21,599; sheep, 21,606; hogs, 33,356. In DeKalb County: Cattle, 16,097; sheep, 9,108; hogs, 22,945. In Platte County: Cattle, 14,763; sheep, 6,951; hogs, 47,144. The Counties of Bates, Daviess, Harrison, Henry, Macon, Nodaway, Pettis, Sullivan and Vernon, each produce a greater number of cattle than Clinton, Nodaway having 40,000 head. The State of Missouri, as 394 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. stated elsewhere in this work, embraces 114 counties, only nine of which produce more cattle than Clinton. All of these, however, contain a greater area of land than Clinton ; some of them nearh- double the number of acres Only five counties raised more sheep than Clinton, to wit : Butler, Caldwell, Daviess, Harrison and Callawa)-, Callawa\- leading off with 28,000 head. Ray, Andrew, Carroll and Harrison raised more hogs each than Clinton, Carroll having produced, in 18S0, 56,000 head. The above figures show that Clinton Count)-, although one of the smallest in the state, is one of the largest producing, outranking all but nine in the number of cattle ; all but frc in the number of sheep, and all but/<7//r in the number of hogs. Since so many farmers have turned their attention to raising cattle and hogs, we may safely predict but a few years will elapse before the county will occupy the front rank in the production of cattle and hogs. The corn crop is always excellent and of a superior quality. But little of this, however, is shipped out of the county, it being utilized at home in feeding the thousands of cattle, hogs and stock, which are annu- ally sold in the eastern markets. The soil is well adapted to the growth of other cereals, such as rye, barley and oats, which are grown in great abundance for home consump- tion, and much of these crops still find their wa_\- to eastern markets, yet the attention of the farmers have of late years been devoted almost exclusively to raising cattle, hogs and sheep. The farmers as a class are large hearted, genial and ever ready to assist in any enterprise which tends to their future well-being and the material prosperity of the county. The original settlers, (many of whom still survive), were from Kc-n- tucky and Virginia. The population, however, to-day, represents all the leading western and middle states, as well as some of the nationalities of the old world, among whom are large settlements of Germans and Irish, constituting a people sufficiently homogenious in habits, thoughts and modes of life not only to make them proud of their county, but to cause them to labor unitedly for their common interest and their common welfare. Clinton, taken all in all, its location, its soil, its living streams of water, its bountiful suppl)^ of timber, the character of its people ; in fact, everything that pertains to the well-being and growth of a first-class county, is not surpassed by any count}- within the broad domain of the state. CHAPTER XXIV. FINANCIAL AND POLITICAL. FINANCIAL CONDITION OF THE COUNTY IN 1833-4-DEBT OF THE COUNTY IN 1845- TAXABLE PROPERTY IN 1880--RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES IN 1881-POLITICAL- NAMES OF VOTERS IN 1833— ELECTION OF 1834-POLITICAL LEADERS-OFFICIAL VOTE FOR iSSo During the early history of the county, the resources from which the revenue was derived were necessarily meagre. The rate of taxation was correspondingly light. The first two or three years the county expenses were comparatively nothing. The books, although kept unusually well for that early period, are not entirely systematic, and it is difficult now to determine accurately the financial condition as it then existed. This much, however, we do know, that with the very limited resources at their command, the persons whose duty it was to manage county affairs, did so without incurring any large debts. A complete account of the finances of the county would of itself make a large book, and the facts necessary for such an authentic history are not at hand, even though we might desire to record them. There are to be found throughout the county records certain facts whereby we are able to furnish a brief idea of the county's financial affairs from the date of its organization. At the February term of the county court, 1834, the clerk, Richard R. Rees, make a report showing the financial condition of the county, beginning April I, 1833, and ending January I, 1834, covering a period of nine months. His report is as follows : To receipts into the county treasurer, from all sources, from April I, 1833 to January i, 1834, is the sum of $74.81; amount received as revenue for last year, $71.81; amount of fines imposed, $3.00, making total amount received, $74.81. The expenditures or the amount of warrants or orders drawn on the county treasurer for the last fiscal year, beginning April i, 1833, and ending January i, 1834, is the sum of $142.18! ; to which add the sum borrowed from the three per cent, fund, for the purpose of entering a tract of land on which to locate the seat of justice, amounting to $100; to which add the above sum of $142.18^, making in all, $242.18:!. The following are the heads of the expenditures of this county for the last fiscal year, beginning April i, 1833, ending January i, 1834: Amount drawn on the treasurer for the purchase of stationery, $6i.8i|; amount drawn on the treasury for the pay of officers, $80.37^, making a 396 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. total amount, as aforesaid, $i42.i8|. From which take the amount received into the treasurer, as aforesaid, and paid out upon said warrant, amounting to the sum of $74.81; leaving the county debt to amount to $67.37!; to which add the sum borrowed, $100, making a total of $167,371. On the 2d of February, 1835, Richard R. Rees made his second annual report for the year 1834, showing the financial condition of the county, which is as follows : Revenue received after deducting the delinquent list, $ii3.o8|; received merchants license from Fdward M. and George W. Samuel, $18.84; grocer's ditto, $5; as first payment on sale of lots in the seat of justice, $185. 62^, making a total of $322. 55|-. The following exhibits the expenditures or amount of warrants drawn on the treasury for the last year, together with the amounts paid out, for which no warrants were drawn, and also the outstanding debt, on the 1st of January, 1834, exhibiting the sums paid on said debt : Amount of warrants drawn for the year 1834, $228.o6|; per cent, allowed collector, $9.7o|; 2^ percent, on $702.50, the whole amount of sale of lots due commissioners county seat, $17.56^; outstanding debt for 1833, $167,371, making a total of $422.71^; leaving the county debt to be the sum of $100.16. * The following exhibits the amount paid out, the warrants taken in, and amount remaining: Amount paid out on warrants by treasurer, $217.69 ; amount of warrants discharged by commissioner of county seat, $52.50 ; collector s per cent., as aforesaid, $9.70| ; commissioner of county seat's commission, as aforesaid, $17.56!; amount in hand of commissioner of county seat, as first payment on lot No. no, $10, mak- ing a total of $307.46. Add the deficits against the several ofificers, which are as follows: Against the treasurer, $11.15; against commis- sioner of county seat, $2.99; against the collector, 78 cents, making a total of $14.92, and a grand total of $322.38, and leaving seventeen cents which cannot be accounted for. The debt of the county on December 31, 1845, was as follows: Amount due road and canal fund, $1,045.69; amount of warrants out- standing, $18.79, making a total of $1,064.48; deduct balance in the treasury, $12.24, and it leaves the total debt, $1,052.24. To meet this debt there was due from the collector (after deducting estimated delin- quent list, and expenses of collecting) the sum of $[,145.22, of which $500 has since been paid into the treasury. The gross revenue for 1845 was as follows: Amount collected on licenses, $141 ; amount tax book, $1,507.02 ; fines collected, $6 ; received from State Treasury for non-resident taxes, $37.38 ; collected on old delinquent lists, $7.59, making a total of $1,698.99 ; estimated delinquent list, $93.99; estimated cost of collecting, $100, making a total of $193.99, leaving the amount of not revenue for 1845, $1,505. HISTOKV OK CLINTON COUNTV. 397 Amount of warrants drawn in 1845, $646.05 ; amount of criminal costs, which accrued by lapse of circuit court, $338.13, making a total of $984.18. Actual balance of revenue over expenditure in 1845, $520.82. The expenditures for 1845, were as follows: For collecting school lands, $5 ; contingent expenses of elections, $5 ; pay of county treasurer, $36; fees of jurors to assess road damages, $3; pay of county court justices, $58 ; cost of assessing count)% $45 ; on account of public well, $5.50; expenses of poor persons, $64; expenses of insane persons, $191.81 ; glass, $3 ; sheriff, including fees, services and fuel, $72 ; clerk of both courts, including record and books, stationery and miscellarteous, $137.67; criminal costs, $20.07. making a total of $646.05. Financial condition of the count)- for 1859: The gross amount of re\-enue from all sources in the year 1859, was as follows : Amount of tax book, including non-resident road tax, $7,317.61; amount collected on license, $269.64; amount collected on fines, posted strays, and show license, $251.17 ; proceeds of sale of lands for taxes, $243.02 ; total, $8,081.44. From the foregoing amount deduct delinquent land list, including delinquent road tax, $364.94; estimated final delinquent list, $200 ; cost of collecting county revenue on tax book, $303 ; total, $867.94; net revenue for the year 1859, $7,213.50. The expenditures of the count}- for the year 1859, were on the fol- lowing accounts : To amount paid county justice $23 1 00 grand jurors 122 20 assessors 142 76 criminal costs 54 43 sheriff for services 287 60 clerk of circuit court 84 55 clerk of county court, including books, station- ery, furniture, fuel, etc 771 74 commissioner of common schools 148 50 county treasurer 203 00 judges and clerks of election 37 00 James Stonum and others, patrols 150 00 N. O. Baughman, bridge commissioner 3 00 John B lochcr for pump 27 00 Thomas Smith, county warrant. No. 14 5 20 William Leeper for desk for office 10 00 resurvey of old boundary line 38 50 Colonel Turner for account i 25 Daniel Smith, J. P., for inquest 22 05 Thadeus Force for bricklaying, etc 65 00 Culbertson & Wattingly for work 60 42 Charles Howard for painting 3 00 P. McDuff, plans of new court house expenses. 60 00 William H. Lott, criminal costs. 9 35 Jesse B. Tuggle, over assessment 12 30 398 rORV OF CLINTON COUNTY. To amount paid Colonel Turner for his services in bringing school money from Jefferson City 17 10 Thomas H. Clay, warrant No. 84 6 00 George W. Osburn and others for resurvey . 21 50 George VV. Culver, bridge commissioner 5 00 Samiuel T. Brooking for over assessment 6 00 Colonel Turner, county attorney 50 00 H. Whittington, superintendent for letting court house 53 00 George W. Hendley for advertising 5 00 Charles C. Palmer for fuel 13 75 Yelverton Green, warrant No. 182 7 00 W. W. Brown, keeper Buchanan Count\^ jail. 132 75 for supporting and taking care of paupers. . . . 703 01 Total expenditures $3,569 96 Balance of revenue over expenditures $3,643 54 SOLID MEN OF CLINTON COUNTY. As an evidence of the wealth of Clinton County, we herewith give the names of residents who paid taxes, in 1869, to the amount of fifty dollars and upwards : Name. Auiouiit. Adams, Meredith $ 54 53 Adams, Catherine 1 59 33 Ashley, J. L 67 94 Atchison, M. J 77 00 Atchison, D. R Ashley, M. Q Baker, Isaac Bassett, B. F Beck, Asa W ggerstaff, S. G. . ggerstaff, G. T. ggerstaff, J. B B B B Bowers, Samuel 64 Brooking, E . . . Brooking, S. T. Butler, S. J . . . . Burkly, H. M . . Burkhart, J. W. Balch, E. C... Buck, H. S 6942 Birch, Jas. H., Sr 269 50 Birch, Jas. H., Jr 108 01 Carpenter, William 100 Oo Carpenter, A 82 20 Clasley, J. D 178 95 Cochran, A. M 68 00 126 43 77 50 202 14 85 53 53 06 62 66 62 78 57 74 64 61 5631 56 72 50 70 60 61 6q 42 60 30 Name. Amount. Cochran, B. F 50 00 Coffman, J. R 64 02 Crocket, W.T 56 06 Clay, Jas. M 144 04 Davis, G. W 157 00 Dawson, G. W 71 00 Douglass, John 130 20 Downing, Charles 77 62 Duncan, James 50 38 Ditmars, James 67 88 Dale, T. R. and J. H 92 00 EUenberger, Margaret.... 58 06 Estell, W. H 5008 Evans, J. VV 54 72 Essig, Henry, Sr 135 41 Fitch, J. G. and J. H 93 91 Force, T. C 56 37 Ford, C.J 100 31 Funkhouser, George 122 00 Frost, T. C 67 00 Daniel Miller's estate 158 00 Ferguson, W. R 58 77 Funkhouser, Abraham.... 102 29 Gilbert, Elizabeth 7^ 56 Gordon, James T 121 00 Green, John R 67 00 IISTORV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 399 Guyer Michael 59 53 Hale, E. B lOO 24 Harlan, W. P 50 00 Hockaday, I.N 1 14 03 Hockaday, George D 1 12 74 Huff, George $ 79 36 Hubbard, t. J 5602 Ingles, Charles 70 60 Jones, C. C 180 00 Jones, Julia 86 00 Jones, J. W 51 00 Jones, John T . 123 97 Jones, D. T 78 76 Johnson, John D 68 36 Johnson, Milton 59 87 Jackson, O. H 55 08 Kester & Saddler 65 67 Kirk, William 82 87 Killgore, John R 59 76 Leach, L. L 117 72 Lincoln, John K 159 48 Lott, \V. H 66 34 Lathtop, John, trustee of Mo. Land Assoc't'n 463 00 Martin, John S 55 00 Mathews, D. W 82 36 McCartney, H. A 88 00 Metzgar, Lawrence 5 1 45 Moran, O. P 50 00 McMichael, Thomas 363 30 Moore, George 64 64 Ncwby, Jeremiah 50 33 Parsons, Dennis J 56 00 Perkins, Christ 90 00 Poage, Robert, Sr 57 66 Riggs, Elijah 103 00 Rogers, R. B 56 00 Rose, Thomas (estate) .... 56 50 Shirts, John 90 81 Shaver, Berryman 181 00 Shepherd, G. R 107 15 Shoemaker, Joseph. . . . : . 56 59 Shreeves, Caleb 5 i 40 Smith, M. VV 88 00 Smith, S. H 58 07 Snodgrass, John 80 04 Stoutimore, John 60 21 Swearingen, Obed §5 64 Shoemaker & Gilky 120 00 Tillery, Eppe 94 06 Triggle, J. B 135 18 Clinton Co. Savings Ass'n 50 00 Plattsburg Savings Ass'n . . 50 00 Turney, T. E 151 34 Turner, Winslow 74 9° Watkins, B. R 59 58 Williams, A. G 56 00 Winn, James 249 96 Winn, J. W. and G. A 92 00 Whittington, Harvey 50 00 Young, Sinnett (estate). . . 55 00 Young, James M 61 56 Taxable property and its valuation in the county of Clinton on the 1st day of August, 1880, as shown by the assessor's book for the year 1S81: Real Estate. Nmiibcr. Valuation. Acres of land 265,460 $2,861,175 Town lots 3,235 554,018 Total valuation Personal Property. Number. Horses 6,694 Mules 1,665 Asses and jennets 73 Neat cattle 24,470 Sheep 19,814 Hogs 48,703 All other live stock Moneys, notes, bonds, mortgages, etc All other personal property included in classes 3, 4 and 10 Total valuation personal property $3,415-193 Valuation. $246,638 72,123 3.570 345.712 31,374 92,962 3-333 535.091 315,852 $1,646,655 400 HISTOr' of the state and nation that much labor is saved in giving a sketch of his life. His life forms an important part in the history of the state, and his name will live in his land's language. General Atchison was born in August, 1S07, in Fayette County, Kentucky, a few miles from Lexington, at a locality bearing the euphoni- ous and poetical appellation of Frog Town. He was a graduate of Tran- sylvania University, in its palmy days, under President Holly. His father afforded him every advantage in acquiring a very liberal educa- tion. He was a very ripe scholar ; of fine literary taste and very famil- iar with all the English classics. He emigrated to Missouri in the spring of 1S30, and located at Liberty. He commenced practicing law at the same bar with me, and so continued until he was appointed judge. After I removed to Liberty, in 1833, we kept our offices together, although never partners, and were very warm personal friends, although politically, we were as wide apart as the poles. He was a strong State Rights Dem- ocrat, while I was a Whig of the most orthordox school. After he was appointed judge, he remoxed to Platte City. I prac- ticed before him in all the courts during the whole time that he was judge. I was in the court house engaged in a case, at Platte City, when he received his mail on the bench. I suspended the case in which I was engaged for a moment, until he could look at his letters, and I saw, at once, from his face, that there was something very unusual in one of them. He was too honest qnd straightforward to have any conceal- ments, and his face is of the same tell tale order, suffusing readily under any excitement. I proceeded with the case, and when court adjourned for dinner, the judge handed me a letter from Governor Reynolds, tendering him the United States Senatorship, for the unexpired term of Dr. Linn, who had died. The tender was made, I know from subse- quent conversations with Governor Reynolds, who was from the same county with me from Kentucky, without any request from Atchison or his friends. It was a spontaneous tender from an intellectual and patriotic governor, to a man in ever)' way worthy of the high position of United States Sanator. 442 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. I know that the Judge hesitated honestly and candidly in his accept- ance of the position, and offered reasons which were candid, and to him, were forcible. After his having submitted them very fully to me, I said : "Judge, fortune does not shower her favors on us very often, and a man should not turn his plate bottom upwards when it does happen, but should turn the right side up and catch all he can. Your refusal will mortify Governor Reynolds, and as you have some political ambition, you ought to accept. It is your duty to do it. We have never had any senator from the western half of the state." The Judge and I were rooming together at the hotel. I do not know that he did or did not consult any other person on the subject. He wrote a very modest letter to the governor, thanking him and accepting the position. He served not only acceptably in the senate for twelve years, but served in that august body as its president, and acted as Vice President of the United States, after the death of King. While practicing law in Liberty, he was fond of hunting, and very successful as a hunter, fond of social life, and indulged in the excitement of politics, so that with a por- tion of the community who do not know what it takes to constitute a lawyer, he did not rate so high as he would have done if he had stayed in his office, although not professionally employed. He had a clear, bright, logical mind ; had studied law well, and kept up with his profes- sion by constant reading, when he was not engaged actively out of doors. The position he took in any case he sustained with ability, and when he was on the right side he rarely failed of success. I deemed him one of the best lawyers, and consulted him more frequently than I did any one else. As a judge he was quick, expeditious and industrious ; seemed to arrive at his conclusions almost intuitively, and his high sense of jus- tice always enabled him to decide equitably. I never knew a judge who gave such universal satisfaction, and although his friends were glad to see him elevated to a higher sphere they regretted to see him abandon the bench. General Atchison went into the Southern army and remained until he became dissatisfied, not with the cause, but the management of the army. He was essentially a State Rights Democrat of the Calhoun school. General Atchison was never married, and since the war has been living on his farm in Clinton County, enjoying the privacy of quiet life, deriving his enjoyment from the associations of numerous warm personal friends and a large library. He has warm patriotism enough to make him anxious for the future welfare of his country, and is Cincinnatus enough to be satisfied with his herd, his fields and his household gods. WILLARD r. HALL was born in Jefferson County, Virginia, at Harper's Ferry, in i8 — , and is, therefore, sixty years of age. He was educated parti}- in Balti- HISTORY OK CI.IXTON COUNTY. 443 more, and graduated at Yale College. Hi.s education, of course, was very thorough and ample, coming from such an institution. The family (his father having died) removed, shortly after he graduated, to Randolph County, Missouri. He studied law, probably with his brother. Judge William Hall, Judge of the Circuit Court in Missouri. He was very industrious and energetic, and devoted his energies, physical and mental, to his profession. I am not aware that he ever practiced law before he came to Sparta. He was then a very ripe lawyer for his age, and one of the best lawyers I ever met. System and order and logical arrangement were natural with him. His eyes soon became diseased and annoyed him for some years. This, I always supposed, came from intense over -study, using his eyes too much by lamp or gas light. He succeeded at once. Plain and simple in his manners as a child, naturallj- frank and easy with every one, he soon became a favorite, and from his youthful appearance, even a pet with his older friends. He succeeded, I think. Governor Burnett, as prosecuting attorney, and was a very efficient officer. He prevented grand juries from presenting anything that could not be sustained and prosecuted with great energy those he believed guilty. He was as an officer very conscientious. In 1844, he was selected by the State Democratic Con- vention as one of the electors, and I was a candidate for elector on the Whig side. I met him often. He conducted the canvass with marked ability for one so young. He had the criminal law, and especially the statutes of the state, at his finger's ends, and could readily refer to them in a moment's time. During this can\ass Governor Hall's speeches would greatl)- astonish those who have only known him in the past twenty years. He then, not without suc- cess, essayed the higher realms of oratory, and, although he occasionally let the eagle loose, he was clear, bright, logical and concise. For the last twenty years his style has been but little more than conversational, still, marked with even more of its original terseness, vigor and logical con- ciseness. He never thinks of indulging in pathos, or poetry or mere dec- oration. He gained a very high rank during the canvass, of which I ha\e spoken, as a public speaker and as a well informed politician. To this, added to his high reputation as a lawyer, he was indebted for his first nomination in Congress, over many older and able politicians of his party. This was in the spring of 1846, and during the canvass Col. James H. Birch (late Judge Birch,) was his opponent as an Independent Democrat. Governor Hall volunteered as a private in the First Regiment of Missouri Cavalry. This he was induced to do, because he had been a strong advo- cate of the annexation of Texas, and the Mexican war having grown out of that annexation, he was taunted as not being willing to incur the consequences which his course and that of his friends had brought on the country. 444 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. He went with us as far as Santa Fe, New Mexico, doing duty as a private faithfully. Soon after we arrived in Santa Fe I received a letter from my father-in-law, Colonel Thornton, giving a sufficient number of the returns to ensure the election of Mr. Hall by a very large majority. I showed that letter to Mr. Hall and to General Harney, and General Harney at once, as a matter of courtesy, and as he should have done, released Governor Hall from all involuntary duty. General Harney having orders to go to New Mexico with a part of the troops, in the dis- charge of an order he received from Washington, to devise temporary laws for the people of that territory, requested Governor Hall and myself to prepare laws for that territory to conform to the conditions of the territory, and to be in conformity with the civil institutions of our own country. We organized a Legislature consisting of Governor Hall and myself, and about six clerks, and the work of legislation was never more rapidly performed, each of us frequently dictating to two or three clerks at a time. In a few days we were able to present to General Harney a code of laws, which he was kind enough to approve, sign, as military Governor, and promulgate for the government of the people. It is aston- ishing, considering the short time we had been there and our limited means of information, that we should have written a code that Congress, after the annexation of the territory, re-enacted, and which after thirty- five years I found still in vogue in 1881. Governor Hall determined not to return to the States until after he had seen more of the west, so that he might be more capable to legislate for its wants. Colonel Philip St. George Cook, having been left by General Kear- ney, when he started to California, to take command of a battalion of 500 Mormon soldiers and conduct them to California as soon as they arrived and were outfitted, now took up the line of march and Hall accompanied Colonel Cook to the Pacific Ocean, going by the route of the, Heyla River. He came back with Kearney the next spring to the States. It is a fact not generally known that the first gold discovered in California was discovered by two of the soldiers under Cook's command at Sutter's Mills. Hall returned and took his seat in Congress in the winter of 1847 and remained there till March, 1853, having been elected three times. He made a very industrious, efficient and popular representative of his district and at the end of his third term declined to become a candidate for re-election. He remained in private life, devoting himself assidu- ously to the study and practice of his protession, and attained as high a reputation as a lawyer as any man in the State. In February, 1861, he was elected to the State convention, which convention was called by an act of the General Assembly for the pur- pose of ascertaining the position the State should take in reference to the secession of the cotton states. He was elected and took his seat as an avowed Union man, and after Governor Jackson had abandoned the inSTORV Ol- CI.INTON COUNTV. 445 State, that convention proceeded to form a provisional government, and proceeded to elect state officers. Hamilton R. Gamble, of St. Louis, was elected Governor, and Willard P. Hall, Lieutenant Governor. Gov- ernor Gamble died during his term and the office of governor was filled by Mr. Hall. Times were exceedingly exciting, as the war was still raging in Missouri, as well as elsewhere, and much trouble and anxiety necessarily devolved upon the Governor. It is impossible to give any detail of his acts while governor, as any one month of which would more than fill this sketch. His administration was as satisfactory as it could have been to all conservative men. At the expiration of his term of office, he resumed the practice of law in St. Joseph, which he has followed ever since. He has been employed in all the important cases since his return to the practice, and has added greatly to his well earned reputation as a lawyer before the war. He has sought no office or position since. On the con- trary. Governor Hardin told me that he had twice offered him the posi- tion of Supreme Judge since the death of Judge Vories, but that Mr. Hall had declined both times. was one of the early immigrants to the Platte country. He had been engaged in teaching school at the time of his coming. He was in mod- erate circumstances, indeed might be termed poor, but he had pluck and perseverance enough for two men, but succeeded rather slowly at the practice of law. He li\ed on a small farm two miles from Platte City, about twenty acres of which he cleared and cultivated. From these two sources he made barely a comfortable subsistence. In 1843, I think, the state was entitled to five hundred thousand acres of public land, and Solomon L. Leonard was appointed a commissioner to select land for the state. The compensation he received for the same enabled him to purchase the land on which he resided and on which his wife now resides, east of St. Joseph. In 1844 or 1845, he was appointed judge of that circuit to fill a vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Henderson Young, who had been judge for about one year after General Atchison's resignation. He continued in office until 1852, when he declined being a candidate for re-election. In most respects he was a model judge; commencing court every morning early, at the very moment to which it was adjourned. Ever)- day he got through the docket of that daj', if it could be done bj- dark. Lawyers had to work hard, and those who were not fond of hard work found fault. I always found him courteous and respectful to all members of the bar. The hard work imposed on the bar was not the 446 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. result of any arbitrary feeling on his part, but a determination and an honest purpose to subserve the interest of the public properly. It would be better for the bar and public if more judges would follow the same course. . After he retired from the bench he formed a partnership in the practice of law with General Bela M. Hughes. It was a very able firm, and while it continued it had as much practice as it could attend to. Judge Leonard's wealth gradually increased, and the property he left made all his family rich. The increase of his property, and the business consequent upon it, induced him to abandon the practice almost entirely. During the first year of the war, in 1861, he went south, whether to carry his negroes south or to engage in the Southern cause, I do not know. He was drowned at Fort Gibson, Indian Territory, in Grand River, in that year. Judge Leonard had as much will-power as any man I ever knew, and a large volume of brain power. He was a man of strong prejudices — his enemies could hardly do right, and his friends could scarcely do wrong. He was aware of these prejudices, and brought his strong will- power to control them on the bench, which he did successfully. He was devoted to his family, and educated his daughters with a great deal of care, regardless of expense. Rather impatient by nature, yet he was fond of legal and logical discussion, and listened with patience to law- yers of any ability. We were warm personal friends, and I deemed him a just and able judge. GENERAL 1!EL.\ M. HUGHES was the son of General Andrew S. Hughes, herein mentioned, and born in Nicholas County, Kentucky. His mother was a sister to Thomas Metcalf, who was a captain in the war of 1812, a member of congress for many years, governor of the state, and then a United States Senator. Coming from such a stock on the respective sides, it would naturally be supposed that General Hughes would be a man of high order of intel- lect. Those whose anticipations were the highest have not been disap- pointed. He graduated at Augusta College, Kentucky. Immediately after he graduated he went to Wisconsin Territory as a private secretary of the territorial governor. He was introduced into social and political life under favorable auspices. While there he improved his learning much from men and books. Coming to Missouri, he commenced the study of law, but having married when he was very young, and having six or eight thousand dollars in his own right, he thought it would be better to accumulate a fortune rapidly by engaging in merchandising and commerce. He located at Weston, Platte County. As he knew nothing of business, it did not take him long to lose half of his fortune. He sold out, re-engaged in the study, and finally in the practice of his profession. HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. 447 He succeeded very well from the start ; was elected to the legisla- ture from that county, and appointed Receiver of Public Moneys at the United States land office at Plattsburg, Missouri. He remained there initil General Taylor was elected in 1848, and although his uncle, who was then a Whig senator from Kentucky, and myself and others, who knew General Taylor well, assured him he would not be removed, his delicate sense of propriety induced him to resign (he being a Democrat), saying that he would not hold an office which, under the custom of parties, belonged to some Whig." He removed to St. Joseph, and lived there as long as he remained in the state. He formed a partnership, first with Solomon L. Leonard, and afterwards with Silas Woodson. Both these partnerships were remunerative. Governor Woodson was appointed judge of that circuit, and General Hughes went to Atchison, Kansas, more for the purpose of attending to the varied interests of his cousin, Benjamin Holliday, the distinguished pioneer in steamship linej, rail- roads, and overland mail. This business required many long and dan- gerous voyages to Colorado, Salt Lake, and San Francisco, in connec- tion with the Holliday mail route. Selecting Denver as a central position for the route, he finally located there, removed his family, and made it his permanent home. When his connection with Holliday had term- inated, he resumed his profession, and at a bound placed himself at the head of the able bar of Colorado, which position he maintains now (1881). He is employed in all the important suits arising from railroads, mines, telegraphs, and stock operations. He has acquired a fortune by his close attention to business, and with the wonderful success with which he has met. I have spent six summers in Colorado, have often heard him in courts, and was there when he was nominated by the Democrats of that state for governor, and during his brilliant canvass. His speeches were marked by the caustic wit, sharp repartee, and boundless humor that characterized his father, with much more learning and general attainments. He may be deemed an eminent jurist and orator, and I know personally of his receiving a letter from one of the most distin- guished jurists in New York asking his opinion in relation to his con- struction of a very ambiguous statute, saying " that he would rather have his opinion than any other lawyer, and that his clients would pay him liberally for it." His great ability, integrity, and attention to business, assures us that he will a'ways retain his business and practice as long as he desires. .■^11. .\S WOODSON. My first acquaintance with Silas Woodson was at Plattsburg, in the fall of 1854. I was then attending court, and was employed to assist Hughes and Leonard and General Loan in the defense of William Langs- 44? HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. ton, charged with murder. The case had been pending some time in Buchanan County, and finally had been taken to Clinton County; but I was only employed in the case at the term at which it was tried. Gov- ernor Woodson had recently emigrated from Knox County, Kentucky, to St. Joseph, and some of the citizens of St. Joseph had employed him to assist in the prosecution of Langston. We had been several days engaged in examining the testimony and had closed on both sides. While I was writing some instructions at my room, General Loan and Judge Leonard came in and told me Mr. Woodson complained of being sick, and desired to make the closing argument in the case instead of the opening. I told them that I had an invariable rule that I would not depart from, that the circuit attorney must make the closing argument in every criminal case in which I was engaged. In a few minutes after they left Mr. Woodson came in, and told me he was not well, and being a stra.nger did not like to address a jury under disadvantageous circum- stances. It was a strong appeal to my courtesy, and I felt somewhat inclined to accede to his request, but I had read the trial of Dr. Baker, who was tried and convicted for murder in Kentucky, and a Mr. Wood- son had been the prosecuting attorney. It occurred to me that he might possibly be the man. I asked him if he had been prosecuting attorney when Dr. Baker was tried. He said he had. I said, " Mr. Woodson, a prosecutor who was able to meet and gain a victory over the most eminent attorneys and advocates in the Union, is able to pros- ecute against such lawyers as Langston has, even though he is sick. I regret that my duty to my client compels me to be apparently discour- teous. You cannot make the closing argument in this case." An hour afterward, the instructions had been given by the court, and Mr. Wood- son commenced his address, which for ability, brilliancy and pathos I have never heard equalled. I regret that I have not language that will convey even the faintest idea of this torrent of eloquent invective. In i860, he was elected judge of the Twelfth Judicial Circuit, in which position he gave universal satisfaction, and at the expiration of his term, with a most enviable reputation, again resumed the practice of law. As a practitioner, ho takes rank among the leading lawj-ers of the state, and his professional associates cheerfully concede his eminent abilit)' in criminal cases. The \-itaI interests of the largest corporations, the equally important rights of the humblest citizen, alike command his services, and whether the fee is a fortune or a farthing, he devotes his best abilities and his constant attention to the success of his client. In August 1872, quite unexpectedly to himself, he was nominated by the State Democratic Convention as candidate for Governor of Mis- souri, and was elected to that office by a large majority, and served for two years with distinguished ability. HISTORY or CLINTON COUNTY. 449 No blemish mars the purity of his private life. He»is one of the few men, who, through a long public career, have never once neglected or betrayed any trust reposed in them. His motto is, and his action has always been, to do what right and justice demand, leaving consequences to take care of themselves. He possesses an earnest nature, great energj' and firmness, a clear judgment, with comprehensive and analytical mind, and a heart full of true charity and noble impulses. GENERAL L M- BASSETT. J. M. Bassett was born in New Haven, Connecticut, February 7, 1817. He came with his father, when a small bo}', to Ohio, and at the age of ten years removed to Springfield, Illinois, where he completed his education. He read law with Governor Cailin, and was admitted to the bar by Judge Stephen A. Douglas. Afterward he opened an office in Quincy, Illinois, and, after several years of successful practice, came to Plattsburg, Clinton County, Missouri, in 1844, where he remained two years. 'While here he was elected a delegate to the Constitutional Con- vention, and came to St. Joseph shortly after the labors of that convention were closed. He soon became one of the leading lawyers of the country. He served four years as prosecuting attorney of this judicial district. Was elected Mayor of St. Joseph in 1855. At the breaking out of the war he espoused the cause of the Union, and did much to rally the loyal sentiment of Northwest Missouri. He was captain of a company of militia, and was for two years provost marshal of this district. General Bassett was a ready and powerful writer ; generous, pleas- ant, social and charitable. He was a fluent speaker, and strong in argu- ment, and his success before juries and judges was proverbial. Keen, cool, shrewd and cautious, his speeches in court often veined with glowing sarcasm, were not onlj- models of terseness and force, but revealed a background of study, reflection and special preparation, which stamped him as one of the foremost lawyers of Northwest Missouri. He seemed to rise with the occasion when the subject in hand demanded intellect and power. Then it was he would pour forth argument, and hurl invective and eloquent appeals to the jurj-, sweeping everything before him. Whenever he devoted his full powers to a case, no client in the West had a more safe, competent and successful advocate. General Bassett died in 1871. Among those who attended the first courts in this judicial district at Old Sparta and St. Joseph was 450 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. GENERAL A. W. DONIPHAN, who was born in Mason County, Kentucky July 9th, 1808. His ances- cestors on both paternal and maternal lines were of English extraction. Mis father and mother were natives of Virginia, his father being a revolu- tionary soldier. His mother was a woman of extraordinary mental powers and sparkling wit. He graduated at Augusta College, Kentucky, at the early age of eighteen years, with distinction, especially in the classics. He studied law in the office of Martin P. Marshal, of Ken- tucky. After a period of two years he was licensed to practice law by the Supreme Court of Ohio. In March, 1830, he came to Missouri, and was licensed to practice by the supreme court, at Fayette, in the succeed- ing month. On the 19th of April, 1830, he settled at Lexington, Mis- souri, and began his long, successful and brilliant forensic career. At the age of twenty-two, without experience, he was placed in collision with Abiel Leonard, Robert W. Wells, Peyton R. Hayden and others, gentlemen eminent for ability and legal attainments. His maiden speech at the bar was made in 1830, in defense of a man indicted for murder. His conduct in this trial was modest, and gave evidence of the dawning of that reputation as a criminal lawyer which he afterward attained. In 1837, he removed to Liberty, Missouri, which he made his home for the succeeding thirty years. There he found, already established in the practice of law, those distinguished lawyers, D. R. Atchison, Amos Rees and James M. Hughes. His experience at Lexington had been preparatory ; at Liberty his reputation attained its zenith. Doniphan was young, ambitious, highly cultured, and his mind expanded with ease to meet the magnitude of each new occasion. The faculty of ready, powerful and tempestuous speech — the flashes of brilliant thought had come to him, and the people of the state at once recognized him as an orator. In 1836, 1840, and in 1854, he represented Clay County in the legis- ture without opposition. He was a member of the Peace Conference of 1861. In 1846, occurred the war with Mexico, and in May, 1846, he was elected Colonel of the first regiment Missouri Mounted Volunteers. The laurels won by Colonel Doniphan and his men during the Mex- ican war are among the brightest that grace the American arms, and the memory of them will be as enduring as time itself In the varied circumstances of life Colonel Doniphan has exerted a great influence. In parliamentary bodies he has done this mainly through social impress and personal contact. He is fascinating in conversation, and his society is sought wherever he goes. His mind acts with quick- ness and precision. His temperament is poetic, even romantic, but is guarded by fine taste and the most delicate sense of the ludicrous. His HISTORV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 45 1 mind is so well orijanizcd, so nicely balanced, its machinery so happily fitted, its stores of information so well digested, and so completely made a part of the brain, that its riches, without apparent effort, flow or flash fourth on all occasions, and places each subject or object it touches in a flood of light. Nature has endowed him munificiently. He now leads a quiet life at Richmond, Missouri, devoting himself entirely to the amusements of reading, correspondence and converse with his myriad of friends. HON. W.M. T. WOOD was born in Mercer County, Kentucky, about the year 1809, and after receiving an excellent education, emigrated to Clay County, Missouri, when about twenty-one years of age, and began the practice of law. He continued to practice with great success, until about 1838, when he became circuit attorney of the Fifth Judicial Circuit. In 1S40, he repre- sented Clay County in the Legislature of the state. In 1844, he moved to Lexington, Missouri, at that time, one of the most flourishing towns in the state. After following his profession for several years, in Fayette and adjoining counties, he was elected Judge of the Sixth Judicial Cir- cuit. After holding the office for two or three years, he resigned, and located in St. Louis, where he resumed and continued the practice of law until about 1866, when he returned to Lexington. In 1868, he was again elected Judge of the Sixth Judicial Circuit, and in 1874, was re-elected for the term of six years. After the expiration of his term of office, he moved to Kansas City, Missouri, where he now resides, still following his profession at the advanced age of seventy-two years. He has been a consistent member of the Presbyterian Church for many years, and distinguished himself in defending Dr. McPheters in the ecclesiastical courts. Judge Wood is not a brilliant orator, but possesses a profound knowledge of the law, and is honest and conscientious in the discharge of his duties. While judge, he gave great satisfaction for his fairness and impartiality. Possessing in an eminent degree a legal mind, his decisions from the bench were always delivered in a clear and convincing manner. HON. THOMAS K. TURNKV was born in Bourbon County, Kentucky, on the 28th day of 1^'ebruary, 1831. He is the eldest of a family of five children, his parents being Morgan Turney and Triposa M. Birch. When six years of age, he came with the family to Shelby County, Illinois, where they located, and where he continued to reside until he reached the age of twenty-one years. While in Shelby County he 4S2- HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. studied law witli Anthony Thornton, afterward judge of the supreme court of that state and a member of congress. He also remained for a short time in the business house of William F. Thornton, a brother of the judge, as clerk. In 1852, he emigrated to Clinton County, Missouri, locating in Platts- burg. He resumed the study of the law after his arrival, in the law office of James H. Birch, Jr., and in 1853 obtained a license to practice. He was elected to the legislature from Clinton County, in 1856, on the Know-nothing ticket, having been a Whig in politics prior to that date. In 1859, he married Miss Angelina Funkhouser, of Clinton County, and by this union they have had six children, four of whom, (Thomas E., Olive, Lulu and Mary), are now living. In 1868, he was elected judge of the court of common pleas, which position he filled with great ability and in an acceptable manner to the ■people. He moved to his farm in 1864, in Clinton County, where he fol- lowed agricultural pursuits in conjunction with his professional duties as a lawyer and judge until 1870, when he located in Cameron. Since 1875, he has had charge of the business of the Hannibal and St. Joseph Rail- road Company in the circuit courts ot seven counties. Judge Turney ranks among the best attorneys at the bar in North- west Missouri, and has for many years enjoyed a lucrative practice. He is thoroughly conversant with the elementary principles of the law, and applies them with great clearness and candor. He is a forcible, logical speaker, and conducts his cases with marked ability and great success. HON. THOMAS J. PORTER is the son of Jesse J. and Margaret M. Forcer, and was born in Green- ville, Darke County, Ohio, on the 17th day of December, 1842. He attended the common schools of his native town, until the age of sev- enteen, when he entered the Sidney Union School, where he was grad- uated in 1863. He then studied law, under Edwin Smith, one of the ablest lawyers of his count)-, obtaining a license to practice law in 1864. He commenced the practice of law, during the same year, at Leon, Decatur County, Iowa, where he resided till the fall of 1865. He came to Missouri, reaching Plattsburg on the 28th day of November, 1865, where he has since resided. In October, 1866, he married Miss Sarah A. Harrah, of Osceola, Iowa. By this union they have had si.x children, viz : Zella K., Nellie V., Alleta A., Florence L., Clara R. and Charles T., fi\e of whom are still living, Charles T., the youngest, being dead. In 1874, he was elected Probate Judge of Clinton County, which position he filled with credit to himself and with great acceptance to the people. He then resumed the practice of his profession, which he has followed exclusivelv since. HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTV. 453 Judge Porter is conceded to be one of the best lawyers in this por- tion of the state, and ranks high as a brilliant and effective speaker. He is, withal, an upright, conscientious man, being highly esteemed among his fellow citizens, for his many good qualities, as a man, neighbor and friend. I'OI.ONKL WINSI.OW TURNER was born in Plymouth County, in the Old Bay State, in December, 1802, and came to Missouri, locating in Plattsburg, in i5I3 16 Amount of county public school funds 1 1,086 60 Total $30,590 76 Amount received during the year 1880, for fines and penalties. 253 50 This amount was added to the county public school fund, which is being constantly increased by fines, penalties, tax upon circuses, etc. Witness fees, which have not been called for by the parties to whom due, after the lapse oi two years, are also transferred to this fund. The township school fund is derived from the sale of the school lands, or every si.vteenth section. ' Quite a revenue also has accrued from the sale of swamp lands, the internal improvement, and the three per cent fund, all of which are now utilized in the establishment and maintenance of public schools. There are now sixty-nine school districts in Clinton County, and between seventy-five and eighty school houses. A few of these have been constructed of brick and stone, while the great majority have been built of frame. They are generally in good condition, and are furnished HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. 469 with all the moans afforded the best public schools of the country. In fact, the public scliools of Clinton County are well ort^anized, well con- ducted, and in a prosperous condition, perhaps more flourishing now than at any other period since the date of their organization. When we compare Clinton .County with Clay, Buchanan, DeKalb, and Caldwell Counties in reference to the condition of their public schools, we find that Clinton County does not suffer at all by the com- parison. We have no correct data at hand, other than tiie state super- intendent's report for 1878. CLAY COUNTY. According to the superintendent's report for 1878, we find that the number of male and female persons, white and black, between si.x and twenty years of age to be 4.955 Number of pupils, white and colored, attending schools dur- ing the year 3475 Number days attendance by all pupils 245,755 Average number of days by each 70| Number of male teachers during the year 54 Number of female teachers during the. year 30 Average salary of teachers per month, male $46.00 " " " female $35.40 Number of school houses in county 60 Number of buildings rented for scliool 4 Number of pupils that may be seated in school houses 3>936 Number of white schools in operation 59 Number of colored schools in operation 5 Average cost per day for tuition of each pupil .07! Value of school property $52,750.75 Average rate per cent, levied for school purposes on $100. . . 40^ Amount on hand beginning of school year $5,898.18 Amount received from public funds, state, county, and town- ship 8,920.52 Amount realized from taxation 14,012.62 Amount paid for teachers' wages 17,842.82 Amount paid for fuel 527.00 Amount paid for apparatus and incidental expenses in county for the year 760.25 Amount paid for building school houses 2,835.00 Amount paid for past indebtedness 1,450.00 Amount of unexpended school funds at close of the year . . . 6,068.58 Number of persons between the ages of sixteen and twenty- five ', 1,053 C.M.IAVKLL COUNTY. Number of white and colored persons between six and twenty years of age 4.644 Number of white and colored persons attending public schools during the year. 4.'72 4/0 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. Number of days attendance 285,276 Average number of daj-'s attendance by each 68 Number of male teachers during the yea.r 67 Number of female teachers during the year 58 Average salary male teachers $27.40 Average salary female teachers ■• 18. So Number of school houses in county 71 Number of buildings rented i Number of pupils that may be seated in schools 4,206 Number of white schools in operation 78 Number of colored schools in operation 3 Average cost per day tuition for each .07 Value of school property in county $75,225 Average rate per cent, levied for schools 52 Amount on hand at beginning of school year $11,032.54 Amount received public funds — state, county and township . 8,783.79 Amount realized from taxation 21,848.63 Amount paid for teacher's wages 17,431.25 Amount paid for fuel I.397-50 Amount paid for apparatus and incidental expenses 1,640.60' Amount paid for building school houses 1,306.35 Amount paid for past indebtedness 7,050 50 Amount expended for library. . .' 960 50 Amount of unexpended school funds at close of year 9,517 46 BUCHANAN COUNTY. Number of white and colored persons between six and twenty years of age 6, 1 24 Number of white and colored attending public schools 4,230 Number of daj's of attendance 282,164 Average number of days by each 66 Number of male teachers 71 Number of female teachers 22 Average salary of teachers per month— males $45.00 Average salary of teachers per month — females 35-00 Number of school houses 72 Number of pupils that may be seated in schools 3.939 Number of white schools in operation 72 Number of colored schools — Average cost per day, tuition, each .07 Value of school property $39.93 ' -OO Average rate per cent, levied for schools 4. 10 Amount on hand beginning of school year $3,204.00 Amount received from public funds — state, county and town 6,316.00 Amount realized from taxation 1 5,737.00 Amount paid for teachers' wages 1 9,29 r. 00 Amount paid for fuel 792.50 Atnount paid for apparatus, etc 710.65 Amount paid for building school houses 1,046.17 Amount paid on past indebtedness 1,812.68 Amount of unexpended funds at close of j-ear 5,389.62 IIISIOKV OK CLlXrON COUNTV. 471 DK KALI! COUXTV. Number of white and colored persons between six and twent>- years of age 4.290 Number of white and colored persons attending school .... 3,6oS Number of days of attendance 260,299 Average number of days by each 72 Number of male teachers 67 Number of female teachers 47 Average salary of teachers — male $38.46 female $28.64 Number of school houses 68 ' Number of pupils that may be seated in schools 3,524 Number of white schools in operation 68 Number of colored 2 Average cost per day tuition, each $0.06 Value of school property . $42, 187.00 Average rate per cent, levied for schools 06.1 Amount on hand at beginning of year $5,811.67 Amount received from state, county and township funds 6,586.92 Amount realized from taxation $14,888.87 Amount paid for teachers' wages 16,830.78 Amount paid for fuel 1,137.85 Amount paid for apparatus, etc 813.53 Amount paid for building school houses 507.25 Amount paid for past indebtedness 2,732.09 Amount paid for librarj- 21.20 Amount of unexpended funds 4,473-35 CLINTON COUNTV. Number of white and colored persons between six and twenty years of age 5,41 5 Number of white and colored pupils attending school during the year ' ■• 3,555 Number of days attendance 294,188 Average number days attendance for each 65 Number of male teachers 79 Number of female teachers 68 A\crage salary of teachers — male $50.00 female 38.00 Number of school houses 75 Number of scholars that may be seated in schools 6,000 Number of white schools in operation 66 Number of colored schools in operation 9 Average cost per day tuition, for each $0.08 Value of school property $55,230.00 Average rate per cent, levied for school purposes .05 Amount on hand at beginning of school }-ear $9,288.65 Amount received public funds, state, countj- and township. . , 6,788.75 Amount realized from taxation 33,473.20 Amount paid for teachers' wages 27,198.00 472 HISTORY OF CLIXTOX COUNTY. Amount paid for fuel $1,077.84 Amount paid for apparatus, etc 800.00 Amount paid for building school houses 3,200.00 Amount paid for past indebtedness 750.00 Amount unexpended close of year 1 1,498.8a It will be seen from the above reports for the year 1878 that Clinton County had a greater number of school houses than either Clay, Buchanan, De Kalb or Caldwell ; a greater number of pupils than Clay. Caldwell, (both older counties than Clinton) and DeKalb, and but a few less than Buchanan ; a greater number of teachers employed than ' either of the other counties, and a greater average of salaries paid. It will also be seen that the value of school property in Clinton County exceeds that of either of the other counties named ; that the amount realized from taxation is greater than that realized by either of the other four, and that Clinton county had a greater amount of unexpended school funds at the close of the year than either Clay, Buchanan, DeKalb or Caldwell. These facts speak well and eloquently for Clinton County, and show that her people are wide awake upon the subject of public schools. We will close our chapter on schools by publishing in full the excel- lent address of Hon. John M. McMichael, delivered before Thomas H. B. Turner's school in the south eastern part of Clinton County in May, 1870. Patrons and Students — I have been invited by your worthy pre- ceptor to join you in the festivities and intellectual pleasures of this bright May-day, and to say something which might, perchance, stimu- late and encourage a perseverance, on your part, in the cause which has occasioned this pleasant assemblage. To the performance of a duty so laudable, so full of inspiration to an enlightened conception I approach with many misgivings of competent ability to discharge so grave, and yet so agreeable a duty. I would, therefore, invoke that this kind indulgence which your appreciation for honest purpose, indifferently manifested, will doubtless grant. The subject of education is replete with prolific interest. The greatest minds of all ages have discussed it with the depth of thought unkindled by the munificence its possession created. To be fully appreciated and enjoyed, it must adorn the mind. In proportion to our knowledge do we learn to estimate its worth. Since mankind first learned the rudiments, a thirst for more of this life-givingsustenance has rapidly increased. The individual who is deprived of education, journeys through life without an aim or an object. Indeed, to him life is a blank, a desert without a single oasis to cheer him on in the dark and perilous way unseen by him which marks his "footprints on the sands of Time." Education! What is it.' The untutored mind cannot define it, for it is deprived of the source whence cometh the power of its elucidation. Some one has most truthfully said, " What sculpture is to a block of marble, education is to the human soul." Man, we are informed by Revelation, was created in the image of his Maker. He came into exist- ence wearing the badge of Divinity upon his brow. Mind constitutes the immortal essence of his being. Mind elevates him above the brute. HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. 473 Mind leads him to discover Ills origin, reveals the secret of his own existence, and points him to an attainable happy future. His superiority over all terrestrial creation is evinced in his possession of reason. In consequence of the possession of this invaluable inheritance, he has com- plete dominion over all inferior creation, which was designed by Provi- dence to subserve his purpose for happiness. The happy recipients then of this beneficient gift, it should be our object to improve and develop this distinguishing element of our nature. It was the design of our Creator in vouchsafing reason to man to fur- nish him with the means of his defense against die encroachments of all the animal kingdom. For this is the citadel of his strength, the armor with which he is panoplied in the battle of life. It fortifies him against the attack of all his foes, and places him in an attitude from which he bids defiance to all the world. Mind constitutes the majesty of man ; virtue the accompaniment of its culture, his true nobility. History speaks adown the steeps of time the honored truth that education is the moral lever that controls the destiny of nations. Read the story of impartial writers from the day that witnessed the entrance of our ances- tors into blissful Eden until the present hour, and you will learn that intelligence has conquered ignorance in every engagement. Enlight- ened, educated armies have invariably put to rout the combined hordes of barbarism. In every combat fought on earth, truth, the outgrowth of education, has triumphed. The cultured Romans subdued the world by the invincibility of their valor and the prowess of their armies. Archim- edes defied the bravery of innumerable hosts of Roman legions by his knowledge. Upon the culture of the mind, the durability of government rests. Despoiled of the refining and moralizing influence of education, mankind subside into anarchy, into barbarism and servility. War, under all circumstances a curse, becomes doubly so when its excesses are not restrained by the wholesome effects of education. Even after the Romans were emancipated from the thraldom of despotism by the feeble ra\-s of light which had dawned upon them, they sold their captive pris- oners, no matter what their color, race or se.x, into perpetual slavery. Many of their prisoners were slaughtered outright. But as the beams of education fell upon them, thus partially christianizing them, they became more humane. At every stage in the history of our world, we see that an educated race must triumph over an illiterate one. England holds the heroic race of Ireland in subjection to this day, simply because she surpasses her in intelligence, not natural but cultivated. I discern with heartfelt joy the movement throughout our country in favor of a more general diffusion of education among the masses. I hail this as the harbinger of a brighter future and a more glorious career to our country. I believe in the education of the masses — of every sin- gle being endowed with reason — and I am decidedly in favor of an unlimited education. I would not only have the youth of our country provided with the elemental branches, but I would extend it to all the higher branches. To the son of the farmer, the mechanic, the merchant or the professional man, I would measure it equally. Educate your son thoroughly. Do not attempt to choose his calling for him, but educate him qualified for any position, and let his own genius and inclination carve out his mission in life. To parents I would say, urge upon your children the advantage of a good education. Do not content yourselves 474 HISTORY OK CLINTON COUNTY. with an occasional admonition to them to be studious, but make it an every day business to warn them of the folly of negiectinj^- to improve the golden days of their youth. They, like j-ou and I, will regret, sadly regret, their failure to secure the richest boon on earth in early life ; but not, perhaps, until too late to remedy the error. Is there a man or woman here who will not make the same confession that I do — that they would like to be children again, with their present experience, to teach them the priceless value of a good education .' I utter a sincere truth when I tell these scholars that of all my errors, the one I most deeplj- deplore is the failure on my part when it was in my power, to secure a better education. Mark it, my young hearers, you will never cease to regret it if you fritter away your present opportunities for a good education. Devote yourselves to your studies. When your school closes do not cease from your labors. The money you spend for trifles should be used for the purpose of purchasing good, solid books, and then spend no idle time in loitering about, but constantly pore over these books, and ere you are aware, you will become an educated man or woman, fitted for any sphere in life, an ornament to society and a blessing to mankind. Do not read the light novelistic literature of the day. It will do you no good, but much harm. The time consumed in reading such trash can be usefully employed in reading something which will be of permanent value to you. How I should like to instill into your minds the great importance of diligent application to study. Unless you take an interest in the devel- opment of your own intellectual powers, your teacher, however compe- tent and solicitous, can be of little advantage to you. Remember, it all depends upon your own exertions, comparatively. Let me entreat you to take the advice of one who has seen the folly of a great neglect in this particular. As before stated, my whole heart is in sympathy with the cause of education. I have learned to know its worth. In the general assembly of last winter, I voted against nearly all my political friends, to ask congress to change the terms of the Agricultural Land Grant, to the end that the grant, with about half a million dollars might be put in the common school fund of the state. This I did, not out of any antipa- thy to Columbia, where the most of my friends wished to locate the the Agricultural College, but because I thought it would be wise to pro- vide an additional increase of our already munificent school fund, in order that all might be made surer of a good education. Parents, educate your children. Send them forth into the world penniless rather than unlearned. This is your positive duty, and you dare not incur the responsibility of dereliction in this matter. To the teacher, engaged in a noble calling, I would say, persevere in your arduous, and often thank- less, task. Your labors will be rewarded. You have a weight}- respon- sibility committed to your charge. Instill into these j-outhful minds, not only the science of learning, but principles of moralit)- and goodness. Teach them kindness, patience and self-government. Learn them to master themselves — to treat each other as brothers and co-laborers in a common cause. In conclusion, let me say, that Education, Christianity and Liberty, constitute the chief aim of man on earth. Did you ever think how har- moniously they succeed each other.? Education fits the human soul for Christianity, because without it, our conceptions of a God are vague, HISTORY OV CLINTON COUNTV. 475 indefinite and false. Christianity ministers at the altar of Liberty, and hallows its shrine. Liberty protects and guards Christianity and Educa- tion ; and none of these can exist, in purity without the other. An inseparable trio, happifying man's pilgrimage on earth. Then let us cherish these virtues and bulwarks to our liberties, that those who come after us may rejoice in the possession of a good inheritance. We should justly prize the liberties, the free institutions and the matchless constitu- tion which is ours. True, crimes have been committed in their names, and they have even at times been made the instruments of oppression in parricidal hands ; but they are still precious and interwoven with proud memories. Inculcate into the minds of the masses the blessings of education, and liberty, regulated by law, will be restored in all its former grandeur and glorj'. The more education we have, the more liberty we will enjoy. Republican government is more securely held, more full)- appreciated by an enlightened people. In proportion to our intelligence will our government be peaceful, mild and parental. With educated citizens to conduct the affairs of state ; with educated masses to curb the spirit of demagogues, no tyrant's heel can ever press a happj' and united people. Thus, and thus only, can Education, Chris- tianit)^ and Liberty, be the watchwords which shall guide us to the full summit of human happiness. CHAPTER XXVIII. REUNIONS OF OLD SETTLERS. BARBECUE AUGUST 2S, 1S73-EISHOP MARVIN'S LETTER— REUNKJNS AT ST, JOSEPH IN 1874 AND 1S75- SPEECHES OF GENERALS CRAIG, UONIPHAN. ATCHISON, JUDGE BIRCH, JUDGE VORIES, AND OTHERS. There has never been any distinctive reunion of the old settlers of Clinton County. There was, however, a barbecue at the bridge, south of Plattsburg, on the 28th day of August, 1S73, which was attended by both old and young. The old settlers were especially invited to be pres- ent, not only those who were then residing within the limits of the county, but those who had formerly lived here, and had moved away> This being the first meeting of the kind held in the county where the coming together of these old veterans was made a prominent feature of the occasion, they turned out en masse, and it was estimated that nearly all the old pioneers who were physically able to be present, were there. The occasion was redolent of pleasant memories and sacred recol- lections to the old gray haired sires. Many of them have long since passed to the land of shadows, 'Unblamed through lile, lamented in the end . " A few still linger upon the shores of time, as the oldest landmarks,, when Clinton County was still a wilderness. Brave hearted old pio- neers ! Golden be the evening twilight of their lives. We have for them a peculiar reverence, and upon our hearts may their memories- abide imperishable. A few more years of watching and waiting, and those who still survive will have joined " The innumerable caravan, that moves To that mysterious realm when each shall take His chamber in the silent halls of death." The Plattsburg Lever of September 5, 1873, in speaking of that event, says : " Never, perhaps, in the history of Plattsburg has a day dawned that will be longer referred to than the one just closing. For weeks past the topic of conversation in all circles has been 'the big barbecue." Children became impatient waiting. The lads and lassies have been busy getting their stunning outfits in order, and even those whose lock.s. are silvered over thought the sands of life moved slowly. In fact, every- body and their families were on the qui viz'c. HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. 477 ■■ Yesterday afternoon, the fires were kindled under five of the finest oxen, thirty-five hogs and ten sheep, and four hundred and eighty feet of table, four feet wide, was put up. This they thought would be ample room. The next thing in order was a suitable rostrum, which was erected in a suitable place, and o\er it was a motto, ' Peace on earth and good will to all men," which reflected the sentiment of ever)- par- ticipant. At the head of the table the following motto: ' A kind and cordial welcome to all,' was noticeable in large, bold letters. The grove selected for this gathering lies nearly one mile south of the city. "At an early hour this morning, farmers from all parts of this and adjoining counties, commenced making their appearance, from all direc- tions, in wagons, buggies, carriages, horseback, and on foot. The railroads came in, some on time, and others behind, all filled to their utmost, with men. women and children, for the grand barbecue. Long before noon, the dense throng of people was estimated at seven thousand. " About eleven o'clock, attention was secured, and Hon. J. M. Lowe, chairman, delivered a welcome speech on the part of the citizens, and then introduced Judge James H. Birch, who entertained us with well- timed remarks, after which Hon. James E. Hughes was introduced and favored his hearers with his experience. By this time, it was high twelve, and dinner was announced. Beside all the barbecued animals, several wagons, loaded with all sorts of the best provisions, were sent in from the country. One baker, we learn, furnished fifteen hundred loaves ■of bread and a wagon load of pies. Every one felt satisfied there was enough for him, and seemed anxious that his neighbor should be served first, hence, there was none of that snatching and pushing, which gener- ally characterizes public dinners. I have no hesitancy in saj-ing, it \\-as the most orderly concourse of people ever assembled. "After dinner Colonel John Doniphan, of St. Joseph and John R. Keller, of Clay County, made short speeches, after which Judge R. R. Rees, the pioneer of Plattsburg, but at present of Leavenworth, was intro- duced. Uncle Dick was in his proper mood to interest everyone within the sound of his voice. He told us how he came to settle in Clinton County in 1833 ; where he built the first log cabin on the town site ; how lie was made the first clerk of the county, and last, but not least, how on the 4th of July, 1833, he danced on the green with the girls ; and added further, if any one of these girls was pre.sent, he would like once more to trip with her the light fantastic toe. Other speeches were listened to with interest by a portion of the people, while others participated in the ■dance, the amusement of swinging and the croquet games. Both the brass and string bands added much to the festivities of the da>-. At present writing, 9:30 p. m., nearl\- every house is illuminated, and the air is filled with music, while the City Hall is packed with the elite engaged in the mazy dance. All feel that the day has been spent pleas- 478 HISTORY OF CMXTON COUNTY. antly and profitably, and that it has been a day of great hilarity for Plattsburg." In 1874 and 1875, in September, the old settlers of the Platte Pur- chase, including Clinton County, held reunions in the city of St. Joseph. At each of these meetings were many of the old pioneers of Clinton County, whose names appear among the list of veterans who were then present. Although these reunions did not occur in Clinton County, many of her citizens participated in them, among whom were Judge James H. Birch and David R. Atchison ; and believing that an authentic and reliable account of what was done and said upon those interesting occa- sions, and especially the part that was taken by the pioneers of Clinton County therein, would be of interest now, we shall in this connection give of them a full and complete history, beginning with the letter of Bishop Marvin to Colonel James N. Burnes, the president of the old set- tlers' meeting. Bishop Marvin had been invited to be present at the meeting in September, 1874, but owing to his ministerial duties, could not attend. His letter, we think, will be read with great interest, espe- cially by the old pioneers of Northwest Missouri, nearly all of whom, doubtless, met the Bishop during the early years of his ministr\- in this portion of the state: 2719 Luc.\s Avenue, St. Louis, September 3, 1874. J.vMEs N. Burnes, Esq.: Dear Sir and Brother: I have just returned from a tour, and find yours of August 27th, inviting me to participate in the reunion of the "old settlers'" of the Platte Purchase. I regret that I did not know of the reunion a month earlier. In that case I could have arranged my appointments so as to enable me to be present. As it is, I have an engagement in Dent County, which, for special reasons it is necessary to meet. You may assure your board that no circumstances of a trivial character would prevent my acceptance of their invitation. For the early settlers of Northwest Missouri I feel a regard that amounts to enthusiasm, and increases with time. The early years of my ministry were spent in that part of the state. In 1842, I passed the present site of St. Joseph, on my way to a field of labor quite on the frontier. It embraced all the country west of Noda- way River. You will remember at that time there was no St. Joseph. In subsequent years I labored in Clay, Platte and Buchanan counties. I shall never forget the uncalculating, unbounded hospitality of the " old settlers." Many of them were in their first rude cabins, but those cabins had the rarest capacity for entertaining both friend and stranger of any houses of their size I ever saw. I often saw them crowded, but to the best of my recollection I never saw one of them full ; there was always room for a fresh comer. I recollect once in the Platte Purchase, I was wedging myself into a bed already occupied by five children, when one of them waked sufficiently to exclaim, " Mamma, mamma, he's a scrougin me ! " You will yourself remember that I was more than once a guest at the house of your honored father. Bear with me while I say I can IIISTOKV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 479 never forget the model Christian mother, mistress and hostess, wlio pre- sided over the domestic scene there. At that time I knew many men who did not know me, for I was a mere youth. I knew they were great as compared with other men I knew, but I had a fancy that the great men were in the east. But after many years of extended observation I have come to the conclusion that I heard as fine a specimen of political speaking in Liberty, in 1844, bj- Colonel Doniphan, as I have ever heard since, and that the countrj- would be happy if the balances were everywhere held by hands as intel- ligent and firm as those of the pioneer jurist, David R. Atchison. Among my own class there was the laborious Redman, the scholarly Tutt, the impetuous and saintly Roberts, and many others, now dead. Nor can I omit the name of the incorruptible and courageous Roberson. Some are still living: Holmes, Perry, Ruble, Jordan, Rush, Spencer, Barker and others. There was a man, a minister of Christ, a large portion of whose pub- lic career belongs to the Platte Purchase, of whom I must sa>', he was in some respects the most remarkable man I ever saw. I refer to \V. G. Capias. He was another "Agamemnon, King of men." He was a first- class wit, a man of the finest social feeling, having positive ideas, and a great end to accomplish. That end was the extension of the kingdom of Christ and the salvation of men. In his view, a high standard of pop- ular education would contribute to this. He did much for Northwest Missouri in establishing schools under Christian auspices, and although they did not survive the war, they did much to elevate public sentiment, and have left an influence behind them that must be permanent. Now I proceed to say that the old settlers of Platte have heard as great preaching as any other people on the American continent, and from the lips of the man, Caples. I have heard more scholarly men, men whose sermons evinced higher cultivation ai-ud a better classical finish ; but for power of argumentation, for philosophical breadth and sweep, for grandeur of conception, for greatness of imagination, for force and pungency of popular appeal, for originality, variety and opulence of thought, and for pathos, my conviction is his superior has not appeared in the American pulpit. I make no doubt that the ministry and church have done more to cjuicken thought and create a thirst for knowledge in the west, than is generally understood. Ministers of the gospel in the new communities, being above the average of people in culture, and dealing in truths of a character to elevate the mind, and provoke inquiry, have, as an incident of their calling, toned up the jjopular mind, encouraged a taste for reatl- ing and created a demand for schools. Such a man as Caples connol mingle with people without elevating them. But pardon me. I had no thought of becoming so garrulous. I am getting to be almost an old man, and thoughts of the old times have awakened the talking mood in me, until it seems a real hardship and self-denial not to be with you at the reunion. It is thirty years since I heard Doniphan. How I would like to listen to his utterances on this occasion, when old memories will mellow his voice, and since, as I doubt not, Christian sentiments will exalt and irradiate his conception. Will you have the goodness to present to the "old settlers " m)- profound regard, and express to them my aeep regret that I cannot 480 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. greet them on this pleasant occasion, for there are many whom I shall never see again. As ever, E. M. MARVIN. Bishop Marvin died in 1878. The following interesting account of the reunion of 1874, we take from the St. Joseph Herald : OLD settlers' meeting, SEPTEMBER, 1874. The Old Settlers' meeting was the most interesting feature of the da)-. At least one hundred of the old gray-haired sires and mothers, who were among the early settlers of the Platte Purchase, were gathered on the reserved seats in front of the grand stand. At half-past twelve o'clock this meeting was called to order by Colonel James N. Burnes, who spoke as follows : Ladies .a.nd Gentlemen— You will not expect of me an extended speech. I am too full to express what I feel. You will allow me to nominate for chairman of this meeting the Hon. David R. Atchison. His name is the balaiice of my speech. Hon. D. R. Atchison then took the floor, and thanked the audience for the honor conferred upon him. He had once presided over the United States Senate, but this was a prouder position than he had ever occupied before. He referred in feeling terms to the earh- settlers of the Platte Purchase, the trials and hardships of the people, and their courage and endurance under difficulties. Hon. George Smith was elected first vice president. Mr. Smith returned his thanks for the distinction. He had no speech, but would on a proper occasion address the people of the Platte Purchase. Col. Burnes then opened a book containing the names of the old settlers, and moved that they be appointed vice presidents. Carried. Col. J. H. R. Cundiff was appointed secretary of the meeting. Gen. Craig then introduced Gen. A. W. Doniphan. Gen. Doniphan then came forward and said the sight of the Old Settlers exhilarated him like laughing gas. He said that old people like to talk, but he had to excuse himself with returning his thanks to the managers of the Expo- sition for granting the opportunity to the Old Settlers to haVe are-union. One of the privileges of an old man was to contrast the present state of the country with what it was when the first settlement was made. He referred to the railroads, cities, colleges and other evidences of civiliza- tion that had sprung up in this country, that was an unknown wilderness in the old times. The Missouri of 1874 was an entirely different Missouri from that of 1830. He referred in feeling terms to those who had died since the settlement of the country. He referred to the free and easy hospitalities of the earl)- days. Men did not stop to part their hair in the middle, but just gave it a toss back HISTORY OK CLINTON COUNTY. 481 and went about their business. The unbounded hospitality was such as the world had never seen before. The ladies were the picture of health, and had strength as well as beauty, and there wasn't a strong minded one among them. They had eyes like the doc, and a step like the gazelle, and were self-reliant and natural. He referred to the old type of men, that some thought had become extinct, but assured the audience they still lived. His speech was well interspersed with anecdotes, and he kept the audience laughing and roaring for full fifteen minutes. He referred to the old Missouri settlers who had made homes in Colorado and California, and said still they kept up the good old customs. He spoke of the progress of the last quarter of a century. Twenty-five years ago there was not more than a thousand miles of railroad in America. St. Joseph and Kansas City were the ultimathule of ci\ilization. Now they were great railroad centers, teeming with the commerce of half a dozen states and territories. The iron horse had passed our borders and gone careering on his conquering course across numerous territories to the golden gates of the Pacific. It was impossible to conceive what the next hundred years had in store for this great country. Judge Birch was then loudly called for; but Gen. Craig introduced Senator Bogy, who then came forward, and spoke as follows: Ladies and Gentlemen of Northwest Missouri :— For many years I have attended meetings of the people in different towns, cities and counties of the State, and, indeed, in many of the States of the Union, but I can saj- with the utmost sincerity that I have never before taken part in anj' assemblage of the people, which gave me so much true and heartfelt pleasure as this one does. When your invitation, sent to me by your committee, was received, I was on the eve of disposing of my time in a different waj- from that of being present here to-day, but the reading of it at once decided me to forego all other engagements. I have come, my friends, to exchange with you greetings of friendship, and to talk of the past, and of the men who, a few years ago, were with us working and shaping the destiny of our state and devoting their time, and energies to its materia! development. Most of them after well- spent lives, have passed from among us, leaving behind them honored names — to be cherished and respected b\- their descendants. I take it that, with few exceptions, I am addressing the children of the old set- tlers. Judging from m>- own recollections, there are but few left of the old set. Thornton and Thompson, and Laidlow, and Rich and Dougherty, with whom I was personally acquainted, have paid the great debt of nature, and lie now beneath the green sod of the section first made to contribute its share to the support of the civilized man. Other names could be mentioned by persons better acquainted with the individuals of this section than I am ; but these few are a type of the old settlers. Who does not remember the name of each of these men without a pro- found emotion of respect and veneration .' They were not only intelli- gent and influential, but in their respective persons was embodied the true character of American citizenship. 482 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. You, my friends, who are their descendants, should not only respect their memories, but be proud of their private and public virtues. A nation of such men would be the wonder of the world. So much for the past. I meet here to-day a few of the old settlers who have been spared as the connecting link between us and the past. Atchison and Doni- phan, Morin and Wood and Birch, and a few others are here yet. Two of these have national reputations, and would of themselves be sufficient to make a nation illustrious! Atchison was for a long time the presiding officer of the Senate of the United States, when in that bodj' were Calhoun and Clay and Webster and Benton and Crittenden and Man- gum and Cass and Houston, and a host of other illustrious characters. He then acquired a reputation co-extensive with the nation. The name of Doniphan will live in history forever. His campaign in and through an enemy's country, under the mo^t difficult circumstances, has never been surpassed by anything in ancient or modern times. Alexander obtained the name of Great because he went from Greece to the Indus, and for ages a halo of glory has surrounded his name, not surpassed by that of Hannibal or Napoleon ; yet when all the attending circumstances are duly considered, the march headed by your own Doniphan required more true courage and bravery, and power of endurance, and patience, and perseverance, and skill and military genius than the expedition headed by Alexander the Great. Atchison and Doniphan are yet with you — and with the true simplicity of Cincinnatus and the dignity of Cato, move in your midst, sharing in your joys and sympathizing with your sorrows. May they be spared for many years to come. I am not here to-day, my friends, to deliver an eulogy upon the men who first settled this section. I have mentioned a few as a type, so as to let their descendants know what sort of men they came from, and so that they may entertain a feeling of great pride in their ancestors. I am myself a descendant of a race of pioneers, different in many respects from the one I am speaking of. The first settlers of the valley were French, yet they did not come here from France. In the latter part of the seventeenth and early part of the eighteenth century, the fur trade of the valley of the Mississippi became an object of commercial importance, and the Canadians were the fi.rst persons who came here, and did so as fur traders. Canada was then a colony of France, and remained so till the treaty of Paris of 1763. The early Canadian pioneer is, therefore, the original settler of this country. They remained, how- ever, on the east side of the Mississippi, and settled the towns of Caho- kia, Prairie du Pont, Prairie du Rocher, Kaskaskia, and Fort Chartiers, and crossed the river only towards the latter part of the eighteenth century. After the treaty of 1763, by which the east side of the river was ceded to England, they came over the river in large numbers, believing that it yet belonged to France, although the same treaty had ceded it to Spain. I will not detain you with the details, and only mention them to explain the different character of emigrants who first settled our state. At the time Louisiana was organized, in 1803, by Mr. Jefferson, the popu- lation of this country was, I may say, entirely French. Soon after the acquisition a large emigration came from Virginia, th; great old mother of states, and from Kentucky, the first daughter of the glorious old mother, and from the old North State of Carolina, and from Tennessee, HISIORV OF CLINTON COUN'IV. 483 and settled in the counties of New Madrid, Cape Girardeau, Ste. Gene- vieve, St. Louis and St. Charles. This emigration continued, not very rapidly, till the admission of Missouri as a state, when our population was only 56,000. I well remember the e.vcitement about the Boone's Lick country, when I was a boy in my native town. Wagons filled with women and children, followed by cattle, horses and hogs, were passing through the town every day. Many of the little boys in the wagons became, in after times, leading men in our state, and no doubt many of the innocent little girls became the mothers of other men who also became distinguished and played their parts in the drama of life. Boone's Lick was settled by a noble lot of men and women. Old Dan- iel Boone himself came to our state and settled here. Boone, Callaway, Howard and Clinton Counties were settled at this period. A few years afterwards the tide moved towards the northwest and settled the coun- ties of Clay, Ray, Carroll, etc. In 1836, a most remarkable, and, under the political condition of the country, a most singular event took place. The section of country known as the Platte country, being the triangle lying west of the west- ern line of our state and the Missouri River, was by act of congress added to our state. I well remember the newspaper controversy^ which took place at the time in relation to it. Benton ?.nd Linn were in the senate — both being senators of commanding influence — Benton being then considered the Ajax of the administration, and Linn, personally, the most popular man in the senate, for he was as lovely as a woman, yet possessing the true characteristics of one of the knights of old. Ashbury was in the House — a man of high character and large wealth, which he expended with princely liberality. Benton and Linn claimed a measure of credit for the passage of this law, which Ashlej- dented. On the other hand, he claimed that which they denied. The truth is, that not one was entitled to great credit for the passage of the measure. It required the combination of talent and personal popularity and per- sonal influence which they had to secure its passage, and to eacli and to all are we indebted for this great measure. This section of country now embraces the counties of Holt, Atchi- son, Nodaway, Andrew, Platte, and Buchanan, and this beautiful and growing city of St. Joseph, its metropolis, was founded b\- an old friend of my boyhood — Joseph Robidoux — who was real!)- the first pioneer of the Platte country. Up to the passage of this law, this was an Indian countrj', and by treaty had been set apart forever to the Sioux and Fo.v tribes of Indians. As soon as this most bountiful and rich country was acquired, as already mentioned, and opened to settlement, a wave of emigrants immediately poured into it, antl soon this country, which but a short time before had been the home of the Indian and wild beast, was transformed into mag- nificent farms, and the home of as fine and noble a race of men as any country can boast of In many respects the later emigrants had the advantage of the first settlers, and certainly greatly the advantage of the early Canadians. They left the old country after they or their fathers had had time and opportunity to acquire property, and also to obtain educations, which was an impossibility with the early settlers. Many of them, indeed, were men of wealth and the owners of many stores, and also possessing liberal educations. Many of the women were 484 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. highly educated and accomplished. I visited the section when a young man, and I never shall forget the favorable impression made on me at the time, not only by the robust and intelligent men I met. but by as charming, handsome and accomplished ladies, )-oung and old, as I ever met elsewhere. I have thus, ladies and gentlemen, in a brief and desultory manner, given you a sketch of the earh' settlers of our country. Each generation has, no doubt, its allotted duties ; ours is to trans- mit to those who are to come after us as the rich legacy we inherited from our forefathers — and this is not only in the political order, but in the social and moral order — and as your fathers left you honored names, you should do nothing to tarnish them ; nay, you must not, no matter at what personal cost, permit anj' one else to place a blot on the fair fame of the brave men and women from whom you have sprung. And, as )-ou inherited high social positions, transmit the same to your children. Do this, and you, like your fathers, will have discharged the duties of your day and generation to them, to your sons, and to those who are to come after you. Ladies and gentlemen : Permit me in conclusion to say a few words of a personal nature. The people of my state have honored me with the highest office in their gift. A seat in the senate of the United States is truly one of the most distinguished and elevated positions which man can hold in this or any other country. When elected to this high posi- tion I felt the measure of my ambition was full, and the dreams of a long life realized. Yet I felt, as but few can feel, a sense of gratitude to the generation of the present day for selecting in my humble person a descendant of the old hunters and settlers of this portion of the New World. In the name of my early forefathers, the old hunters of this Western World, arid with the recollections of their primitive and humble virtues fresh in my heart and soul, I return thanks to my generation for this, its great act of generosity to one of their descendants. General Craig then introduced General B. F. Stringfellows, who spoke briefly and to the point. He referred to the fact that he was a citizen of Kansas ; he said there was no act in his life of which he was so proud as the fact that he was once a member of the firm of Atchison. Stringfellow & Co. He here saw the Co. around him in the faces of the old settlers. He referred to the brilliant career of Colonel Doniphan, and the acquisition of Texas, Mew Mexico and California, to the early set- tlements of Kansas and the men who were then called border ruffians. They were rightly described by a young lady as the last remains of ehivalry. He had only to say he was sorry they were whipped. He accepted the situation brought about by the new order of things. He did not propose to shed any useless tears over the past, but to accept the new order of things, and make the best of it, and the most of it. He referred to the prejudice formerly existing against Northern men, and was glad that the old prejudices were worn out, and that the people of the Missouri ^'alley were a homogeneous people. His speech abounded in anecdotes, and was frequently' applauded by the immense audience in attendance. HISTOKV OF CLINTON COUNTY. 4?5 Uncle Henry Vorics was then introducctl, and sjxike in his pleasant, oiil-fasliioned way : Mr. Presidknt, Ladiks AND Gknti.emkn and Old Shttlkks of MissoURL — I decline making an}^thing like a speech on this occasion, but I propose relating a few incidents in my life which, doubtless, will be personally recollected by not a few old settlers before me. I came to Missouri from Indiana in 1844, the memorable year of the flood. I started with nothing, and arrived here with less, with my family sick into the bargain. Some time before leaving Indiana, on examining the map of the Platte Country, I placed my finger on the spot, in the bend of the Missouri, where St. Joseph was marked down, and where she now stands, and said, "That shall be my home." I started for the new land of my hopes and arrived at last in Clinton County. There I became sick from the fatigue and labors of the journey, and could proceed no further. I was without money and almost entirely destitute. An early settler of that country, many of you know him, Mr. Bagley, took me and my family into his house, giving us the best quarters he possessed, and took care of us while I was sick, his wife waiting upon me as tenderly as my own mother could have done. It was there, while lying sick, before having reached my journey's end, that I first saw the face of my friend, Judge James H. Birch, now before you. Doctor Essig had come to wait on me. I told him that I had no money, and did not know when, if ever, I could pay him for his professional services, and that unless he felt able to give his services to me without certainty of ever getting any pay, he had better not spend his time with me. He said he would do the best forme he could. The ne.xt morning who should come to my bedside but Judge Birch. I was in a very dilapidated condition, which he could not help observing as he looked at me, and he said to me : " You are a stranger here, and in straightened circumstances, which I fully appreciate ; permit me to loan you some money." That was my first introduction to Judge Birch. I finally got into a cabin with my family ; I could throw a dog through the cracks of the door. One of my children was sick, and one morning a blue-coated boy of the neighborhood, who had become acquainted with her, came to see her. That boy now is the Hon. Wil- lard P. Hall. In a few days the Hon. James B. Gardenhire called to see me, and I formed his acquaintance. After a while the time for court to sit came round. I wanted to go, but had no money. I owed a girl, a servant in the house, fifty cents, and she wanted to leave, and I was determined not to let her go unpaid- One day old Bob Duncan came to me and asked me if I was going to court ; I told him no, that my family was sick, and I didn't want to leave them. I wanted to go, but I had no money ; but I didn't want to tell him any more. He suspected the real trouble, and said : "Now, Vories., don't you need a little money .' Take this and go to court," and he handed me several good sized coins. I did go to court. The first fee I got was a horse, which I sold for $40. The ne.\t day I took the money and went to Plattsburg to [)ay my friend Birch. I met Bela Hughes aad told him my mission. He saiil, "don't look so down hearted." My hat was old and very dilapidated, for a member of the legal profession, and Hughes noticed it, and said : " Hold your head up ; 486 HISTORY OF CLIXTOX COUNTY. there are good people here, and tlie man who rides forty miles to pay a debt -will succeed." Here I met many of these old men, and got acquainted with them. Afterward I was, for a brief moment, captivated with the stories about California, and made a visit there. But I could not sta}'. On my return I met the question on all sides, "what makes you come back," and I said to them, "the men I meet here, when I speak to them, stood about six inches closer to me than they do out there." I said to my partner, in California, before leaving there, that if I knew that I could live onl}' two years longer, and it would take me eighteen months to get back to Mis- souri, I would spend that eighteen months in getting home just to live the other six months among the people of Missouri. And now, all I ask is, that when it is all over, my grave may be made among the graves of my old benefactors. General Craig then said that they had kept the best of the wine to the last of the feast, and then introduced Judge James H. Birch, Sr. The venerab'e and venerated Judge Birch, of Clinton Count}-, then spoke as follows : He commenced by an allusion to the kindly reference which had been made to him by Judge Vories, in respect to a circumstance occurring some thirty years ago, in which he had been so befriended by the speaker as to satisfy him that he had come to the right county to find men, and which had actuated him ever since. The Judge had regarded it simply as the duty of a lawyer and citizen, who happened to have a few dollars at the time, toward another lawyer (and a sick one), who was in a strange country, and was out of money, to divide with him. But as demonstrat- ing exactly the man that Vories was, whether with or without money, the judge went on to say that, when it afterward came to the ear of Vories that he was strapped for spending money in one of his races for congress, Vories had opened his pocket book to him, although he had been a member of the convention that had nominated another candi- date. Nor was this all — for when he was so chronically bedfast, two or three years ago, as to render it probable that he would never again get away from home, Vories had sent to him a basket of his "Virginia Seed- ling," and was preparing to send him another of Catawba, when he learned that Birch had anticipated him by ordering it from his agent. The whole of it was, that whatever risk the speaker had incurred in leav- ing all the money he had (and that borrowed money) with a sick brother lawyer and his family, it turned out to be the most encouraging instance he had ever met with of "casting his bread upon the waters" for the poor, high-headed creature had never got done with reciprocating it, and never would. Such was Henry M. Vories, now an honored justice of the supreme court — then a sick and downcast lawyer, without comforts for his family — and such is but an average type of the "old settlers" of the "Platte Purchase," by whom he found himself surrounded to-daj-. IIISIOKV OF CLINTON COUNTY. 487 Vos, <^entlL>mcn, continued the speaker, all the loose talk in the ^\■ol■kl cannot keep it out of history, that the " old settlers " who have passed the gate to-day on the "complimentary" of the self-possessed and far-seeing president of this great exposition, are of the type or class of men, who in all ages, from the conquest of Julius Cresar to the settlement of California and Colorado, have been the founders of society, of counties and of states — and we ask no higher recognition than that we did not ingloriously "die out" amongst those we were born with, but that we took our chances to build up an equal, if not an improxed, societ)' amongst those of equal self-reliance with ourselves. And here, if anywhere, it is appropriate to remark that amongst those whom you have so encouraged with your good will that their names are recorded as successful lawyers, and judges and legislators, in both houses, (both state and national), there is not one of us who has a black mark against another one, whether we remember each other as professional or political associates, or rivals. No, gentlemen, (said the •distinguished speaker, turning to the ten or dozen who were occup)-ing \\ith liim the speaking stand), no ! and more than that, there is not a man amongst you who was not naturally " born and bred" in the full appreciation and recognition of General Jackson's sententious measure •of unquestioned mediocrit\-, namely, the desire to detract from the repu- tation of your rivals, in the ignoble and mistaken assumption that to concede their " cle\erness" was so much subtracted from their own. In this sense, at least, we were rt"// Jackson men, whether agreeing or disa- greeing in other respects, and in that sense we look into the faces of each other to-day, as I saw Harrison and Johnson look into the faces of each other, when meeting for the first time during the quarter of a cen- tury which had elapsed since the battle of the Thames. Each had dis- charged his duty according to his theory of it ; and the respectful, yet statel)' look of each made an absolute end of the misjudged calumnies which the unreflecting friends of each had heaped upon the other during the political canvass of 1840. Having no time before the horse race, of which he had heard the sound of the bugle, to speak of the other noble attributes of the repre- sentative men who surrounded him, as he would not scruple to do, even in their presence, did time permit him, the speaker took up and amplified the allusion which had been made bj- General Atchison to General Hughes, as the inaugurator of the Platte County addition to the State of Missouri, by referring to what it had happened to him to know upon the subject. Producing from his portmanteau a copy of the Western Moni- .tor and Boone's Lick Correspondent, a small newspaper which he estab- lished and edited at Fayette six and forty years ago, (and which was then the westernmost newspaper office in the United Statesj. he mod- estly referred to his connection with it as having given him his first i>olit- 488 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. ical influence, and that it was, therefore, that the late General Andrew S. Hughes, then the agent of the Indian tribes who had had the Platte country assigned to them as their reservation or territory, had addressed him a letter on the subject of having it annexed to the State of Missouri. This letter was accompanied by a rude diagram of the country, drawn up by the late General Cornelius Gilliam, from his hunting recollections of it, and was inclosed to Colonel Benton, (our then senior senator), with such an additional letter from the speaker as he hoped might help along the project ; and in due course of mail he had the satisfaction to receive from our then distinguished and subsequently illustrious senator, a reply, which he published in his paper, to the effect that both the President and the Secretary of War were in favor of adding the then Indian reservation to the State of Missouri, for military considerations connected with the peace of our original frontier boundary. Such having been the simple and unadorned inauguration of a project which added a congressional slave district to the State of Missouri, it is but justice to add that the measure was finally carried through both houses of congress, on the unanimous report of the House Com- mittee on Indian Affairs, of which that life-long emancipationist, Horace Everett, of Vermont, was the chairman. May it not be added without offense, that in this case, as in previous and subsequent ones, the great Democratic reliance upon the ultimate sense of "justice and right" of a majority of our countrymen is at least the safest panacea for "the ills we feel," instead of "flying to others we know not of.''" and that our recent unhappy experience of the opposite theory, where the sections as repre- sented in congress were too mutually deaf to these appeals of fraternity and of reason to avert the ultimate arbitrament of the sword, should be referred to in no other spirit, and, for no other purpose, than as an admonition for the future. God grant that we may live forever, not only as one people (as we must live)j but as the fraternal, prosperous and free people we ought to be. The renewed notes of the race come, and a whisper from the highly courteous executive of the day's programme, that but three minutes remain of the time allotted to these ceremonies, will but necessarily condense even the condensed remarks to which I had restricted myself. I have spoken of the " Old Settlers" and their descendants, who> with all others, have so courteously listened to my gleanings — for I have but essayed to tread where others left me room — of the men I have spoken of as the class who founded society on the basis of right, and who so lived to be ready to " lay down the mace," in good conscience and peace, at the summons of the Great Maker. So lived Andrew Jackson, the frontier " settler" of Tennessee, to whose destiny it fell to sa improve the opportunities of his time as to reach the most exalted posi- tion of the Republic. The bell rings again, and I must again condense. HISTORY OK CLINTON COUNTY. 489 If his character in life was a grand one, his character in death was still grander — as it may be the fortune of each of us to be — each in the sphere to which providence has allotted him. For more than a year before he obeyed the final summons he was "on guard," (so to speak,) in view of the last enemy he had to vanquish, and the reflections it suggested were so accepted and acted upon as to turn aside the terrors of the destroyer, or to so improve them as but to gild his entrance upon "the life eternal." His last words were : "I have finished my destiny upon earth, and it is time this worn out body should go to rest, and my spirit to its abode with Christ, my Redeemer." Then, turnin<{ in the last intenseness and ferver of his mighty soul, the Christian patriot prayed : " May my enemies find peace ; may the liberties of my country endure forever; may I meet you all in Heaven, both white and black.' I will but reverentially repeat a paraphrase of this, as a parting benediction to those who have so often and so variously honored me with their ear — and to whom, and to their posterity and mine, I thus give over, in common with all others, the future of a common country : May our enemies find peace ; may the liberties of our country endure forever ; may we all meet in Heaven, both white and black. At the close of Judge Birch's speech, Colonel Burnes announced that, the Old Settlers' Meeting was adjourned until the next St. Joseph Exposition. The band then played Dixie and Yankee Doodle, which were received with tremendous applause by the large crowd in attend- ance. This was a shakin'g of hands across the bloody chasm, that was eminently appropriate to the occasion, and the manner in which this meeting closed shows that the people of the Missouri Valley are a homogeneous people ; one in sympathy, and one in purpose ; united and inseparable. The occasion will long be remembered by the old settlers in attendance as one of the happiest reunions in their lives. IHE VETERANS. The following is a list of the veterans who reported to the secretary, at the meeting of September, 1874, and the dates of their settlement in the Platte Purchase : BUCHANAN COUNTY. Mrs. S. L. Leonard 1837 Mrs. S. Connett 1837 S. S. Connett 1839 H. T. Connett 1839 M. C. Riley 1837 Geo. G. H. Brand 1S35 Geo. W. Tolin 1839 Evan Jordan 184O John B. Ritchie 1838 Abner Copeland 1839 Marian Copeland 1838 Dr. Silas McDonald 1838 490 rORV OF CLINTON COUNTY. James J. Reynolds 1838 James B. O'Toole 1837 Alexander Poe 1841 Judge Tlios. A. Brown 1838 John R. Johnson 1838 Jeremiah Burnes I837 F. C. Hughes C. W. Davies 1840 Calvin F. Burnes 1837 James E. Wallace 1838 William Gartin D. A. Davidson 1837 Isaac Lower G. M. Fatten 1834 R. T. Davis 1838 Cornelius Day 1838 Simeon Kemper 1840 Colonel John Doniphan Calvin James Moses Pyle 1837 William Kirkham 1838 JuleC. RobidoMx 1838 E. M. Davidson 1837 Ben. C. Porter 1839 Elisha G'adden 1834 David C. Munkers 1837 Husselton Compton 1840 Samuel E. Hardy 1838 William B. Poe 1843 W. F. Davis 1840 ANDREW COUNTY. Judge John McDaniels, Upton Roohrer. James R. Watts, Elias Hughes, Robert Elliott, Joseph Walker, Hugh Lewis, Jeremiah Clark, Jonathan M. Cobb, Major E. S. Castle, Dr. P. P. Fulkerson, Joshua Bond. George N. Castle, A. J. Demens. CLINTON COUNTY. Gen. D. R. Atchison, Jonathan Robert, S. T. Brooki Judge Jas. R. Coffman, Abraham Funkhouser, Daniel P. McKissock, Maj. James Cochrane, Hon. E. W. Turner, Caleb McGill, Wash. Huffaker, son of Judge James H. Birch, John Whitson, 1st Collector of Clin- Ex-Gov. Geo. Smith, George Funkhouser. ton County. Rev. J. V. B. Flack, Wm. V. Smith, Hon. James Foster, NODAWAY COUNTY. W. R. Trapp, HOLT COUNTY. Geo. Mclntyre. PLATTE COUNTY. Jack Albright. Capt. John B. Wells, Theodore F. Warner, Wm. Clay, Col. Geo. Gabbert, Joseph Todd, James Stultz, W. W. Williams, John S. Woods, Ben Yocum, Joel Ryan, John W. Martin, Eli Gabbin, Isaac T. Lewis, Maj. J. W. Hardist)-, W. Cooper, Maj. G. W. Hood, Felix Blakely, Sidney Risk, Col. G. W. Belt, John McLain, Wm. A. Singleton, Smith Adams, Gen. J. Morin, James N. Boydston. llIsrOKV OF CLINTON COUNT\ . 49I One of the most interesting features in connection witli the Old Settlers meeting was the presentation, by Col. James N. Hurnes, of the first reunion badge issued by the association, to the widow of the late honored Solomon L. Leonard. This badge is of the most elegant white silk, and the presentation was accompanied by a few appropriate and affecting remarks. The elegant testimonial was gracefully recei\-ed and pinned upon the bosom of Mrs. Leonard. OLD SETTLERS .MEETING, SEl'TEMHER, 1875. We take tlie following from the St. Joseph Gazette, September 7, 1S75: \'esterday was a grand and proud one for the old settlers of the Northwest, and a day that will long be remembered. From early morning until the noon hour they came pouring into the city from all parts of the territory of the Platte Purchase, and many came from a long distance to once more mix and mingle with the friends of their youth and to grasp the hand and exchange salutations with those who with them had borne the hardships and privations of pioneer life, subduing the forests, battling with wild beasts and wild men, and above all enduring the privations and exposure of hunger and the elements, until they wrought out of the wilderness the blessings of the civilization their posterity now enjoys. As they mi.xed and mingled upon the Exposition grounds, there was many an old eye dimmed with tears, many an aged hand that trembled with emotion as the palms of those long separated again crossed in friendly greeting in the roll call of memory, unearthed the name and merits of those who had fallen by the wayside and passed into the tomb. Even we younger ones whose years had not yet passed the three-score mark, feel a pain upon our hearts as we cast the backward glance, and note the multitude of those who began the struggle of life with us but are now numbered with the dead. How thick are the monuments that rise above their graves ; mile stones in our journey telling us that of all wlio begin life two-thirds depart before they reach the forties, and nine-tenths fail to reach the seventies ; and as the last tenth of these old folks meet and read the book of life from the finish to the preface, how sad and yet how entrancing must have been the record ; how full of sadness and yet of joy must their hearts have been and how trul)- must they have realized that in life at best the laugh lies close to the fountain of tears, that the brighter the rainbow the denser the mist through which the warm sun shines. But the old people met. The sun came down upon the unshaded seats of the main stand as remorseless as hunger and thirst upon a vagrant, and, as the old fathers and mothers assembled in their places, it wa.3 evi- 492 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. dent that they were scarcely prepared for this last trial, which did not fall upon their old heads exactly in the shape of a blefsing, and before the speaking was over there were scores of them who would have beea ready to register an oath that this identical heated term, was the worst they ever saw, and that the grand stand had been erected exactly in the spot where the sun would shine the hottest and longest in a direct focus. ■At last it was announced that the exercises would begin and Colo- nel Burnes stated that owing to sickness in his family, it would be impossible for Colonel Doniphan to meet with the old people and address them according to programme. In his place Gen. David R. Atchison was called upon to make the opening address, and replying to the call he stepped forward and made one of his characteristic addresses inter- spersed with anecdotes and adventures that always gladden the hearts of the old and give pleasure and instruction to the young. He spoke of those pioneer days, the old people were all so familiar with, and of the hardships connected with them, which now appear like a chasm and a lure to the young. After the conclusion of General Atchison's remarks, Governor George Smith, of Clinton, was announced, and said that as General Atchison had in his remarks related some incidents connected with the early settlements of the western part of the state, which he said would show the condition of civilization of the west, he would in a few words relate some of his e.xperiences and observations as an old settler, which would illustrate in one particular the progress made by and grow- ing out of the bold enterprise of these old pioneers. He said that it had been his good fortune to have passed the most of his early days on the frontier, subjecting him in early days to carrying the product of his toil as a farmer by flat-boats to New Orleans for a market. On his return from his second flat-boat expedition, he came to St. Louis on the 4th of March, 1832, the city then having a population of about seven hundred persons, thence on horseback, with two boating companions, he traveled into the western part of the state ; but an incident of said trip would be all he would call in review to illustrate the great progress made in the material interest of our great state. Arriving at Arrowrock, where we desired crossing, we found a ferry-boat consisting of a platform on two canoes, upon which, by assuring the ferryman that we were boatmen, he agreed to risk ourselves and three horses, and we arrived safe about dark in the town, consisting of one double log cabin, where a religious meeting was being held. We expressed some hesitation as to remain- ing over night, but it being eighteen miles to the nearest house on the western trail, we accepted the kind hospitality of the proprietor and remained over, there being ample room for the entertainment and the weary traveler, as understood by those kind, hospitable pioneers. Now, old settlers and friends, let us turn our attention to the picture present- ing itself to our view of the seven magnificent bv'dges spanning the mSTORV OF CLINTON COUNTY. 493 •waters of tliis magnificent, boisterous river, besides innumerable otlier facilities for crossing its turbid waters. He remarked : Nor is it a matter of wonder that such evidences of rapid progress are to be seen when we consider the great natural resources of our state. All persons who have traveled over the state would bear evidence to the fact that by drawing a line frono the northeast corner diagonally to the southwest corner and taking the countr\- north and west of said line, it would neaily all be con- sidered of e.\ccllent quality for agricultural products, and St. Joseph is in the very heart of the same, whilst much of the land east and south of said line was good for farm products, it would be admitted on all hands it was unsurpassed in mineral wealth, and only waiting foi; labor and capital for development. These were attractions that could not escape our intelligent American citizens, consequently we may reasonabl}- sup- pose the young people of the present time may have the pleasure to inform the next generation of the great and useful changes that have taken place in their day. Senator Cockrill followed Governor Smith, whose remarks had been listened to with pleasure by all present. He congratulated himself upon being a native of the state, although of that portion lying south of the river. He rejoiced in its growth, its advancement, its wealth and its prosperity, and he felt that he had an especial right to feel proud of standing before these old people. He had been by their aid and the aid of their posterity, elevated to a position of worth and trust, where he could stand as a pleader for their cause, and a defender of their rights and liberties. Colonel Wm. F. Switzler. editor of the Missouri Statesman, at Columbia, was then introduced. He had not expected to make a speech. A matter of business, having no connection with the exposition, or with the reunion of the old settlers, called him to St. Joseph, and he made it convenient to come at this time, but with no expectation of occupying a place on the programme of speakers. Although not an old settler of Northwestern Missouri, he nevertheless could claim to be an old settler of the state, understanding from personal observation and experience much of its early history and the privations and trials of the pioneers of our present civilization. He could not boast, like Senator Cockrill, that he was a native of Missouri, but nevertheless was not ashamed, even in the presence of those who were to the manor born, of announcing with pride that he was a son of the mother of Missouri, the grand old Com- monwealth of Kentucky. (Applause.) As early as 1826, he came from Kentucky to Howard County, Missouri, where he was raised and located, and where as a lad, he first met a distinguished gentleman, who now occupies a seat on the platform — Judge Birch. Mis.souri was then in the sixth \-ear of its history as a state, and did not perhaps contain more than fifteen or twent)- thousand voters, and the region now embracing 494 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. the happy homes of a vast majority of those present was under the ahTiost undisputed dominion of the Indian and buffalo. Since this early period in the annals of the state what a wonderful history we have made as a member of the Federal Union, as a Nation, as a People. What achieve- ments we have made in the arts and sciences, in agriculture and com- merce, in education and means of inter-communication, in all the agen- cies and industries which distinguished the civilization of our age. Very befitting reference had been made by speakers who had preceded him to this progress and prosperity. Let it not be forgotten that to the noble and self-sacrificing efforts, singular perils and consummate wisdom of the heroic men and peerless women now present, and to their associates, living and dead, are we indebted for laying broad and deep the foundation of our cherished civilization and great prosperity. The men and women of a state, especially the pioneers, who lead the \-an- guard of the world's march against ignorance and barbarism, are the state, are of more value than all our fields of coal and mines of gold and silver, than all our railroads and bridges and halls of sciences and learn- ing. Men constitute the state, and those before us to-day form the connecting link between our own eventful times and the ignorance of bondage in the bulwark of prosperity at home and respectability abroad. (Applause.) Colonel Charles Mansur, of Chillicothe, was called to the stand, and introduced by General Craig. Colonel Mansur then said : L.\DIES : I must, much as I love the old settlers, name \-ou first- ladies, old settlers and friends. I feel that I owe the high compliment o^ an invitation to address you, to the too partial preference of my friends General Craig and Colonel Burnes ; and j'et the swelling pulsations of my heart tell me this is one of the proudest moments of my life, and I should feel recreant to my own spirit if I did not embrace the oppor- tunity thus offered. While the lock.i of my head are yet undamaged b\' the snows of forty winters, you may wonder what I may know that will prove of interest to thousands of old settlers here assembled, and while I feel doubtful of the honored appellation of old settler, I can only say, that if I had worn my blue coat and brass buttons I should have felt as if I could have divided the honors in that line with my venerable old friend, Judge Birch. Permit me to say that Judge Birch, in calling up his struggles for Congress, suggests to my mind that about the earliest politi- cal struggle that I can remember was in those old Democratic days when the only road to political honor was through the Democratic ranks, when two of our old memorable friends. Judge Birch and Judge King, under- took to pluck the Democratic goose that laid the Congressional egg in this district, at the same time, and beneath their joint efforts the proud old bird was so jaded and wearied that not a Roland but an Oliver stole in and captured the coveted prize, and proved to my distinguished friends anew the the truth of the old adage, that " in union there is strength." I well remember the first time I saw our honored president. General Atch- ison. It was in March, 1855. I, with a number of Rayites, were camped IllSTOKV OF CLINTON COUNTY. 4y5 at the Platte City Bridj^e, on the west side of the river, when General Atchison rode up at a full gallop, and with a Satanic rather than a God- like earnestness, proceeded to give us his views of cur mission as border ruffians, and our duty toward our benighted Yankee brethren, sent out by Gospel societies of New England, under the protection of Sharpe's rifles, to subdue the virgin soil of our sister state of Kansas, and, to echo the sentiment of the general, then and there was born and begun our late internecinal war. Although not born on Missouri soil, yet the first sentiment of thought I had was of Missouri scenes and actors. My parents emigrated to this section in 1837 ; and, reared in our sister county of Ray, my memory is flooded with a series of recollections from say 1845, when only ten years old, up to 1850. How well I remem- ber the old school house of my childhood, built by the hardy pioneers without the use of nail or window glass, the product alone of his own right arm, with sturdy axe and broad-axe, a puncheon floor and log chimneys daubed with mud. Now view the landscape o'er of our North Missouri ; every village, town and hamlet vie with each other in rearing palatial structures, structures that compare with those of the older and more favored sister states. Who, too, does not remember the hospitality, characteristic of our well-to-do settlers. The latch-string was ever out, and their genuine and sometime burdensome hospitalit)- puts to shame the article of modern times. Old settlers of Ray, Clay, Clinton, Platte and Caldwell, do you not remember our old-time camp- meetings, where every well-to- do farmer had his log hut or tent, and entertained both man and beast of all who would accept .' Those rich and rare old scenes in the open square of the camp ground are gone, alas ! I fear never to return. Do you remember old father Patten, who would talk so loud that he placed his thumbs in each ear to prevent his own voice from deafening himself.' Do you remember the store coats ; how few they were and how great a curiosity the appearance of each one and its owner excited .' Do you remember the stirring times incident to the mustering in of the com- panies furnished by each county as its quota for the Mexican war, the heartrending partings, in many instances, and the joy manifested at their return, and the rich and generous barbecue given to them.' Do you remember the Mexican saddles brought back by them, and the rage of the \-oung men for them, especially for those with the silver mountings ; and that of each young lady to possess, as her own individ- ual property, with bumble bees, or some other kind, nicely stitched upon the seat in golden colors, in an age when our only mode of travel was upon horseback .' And now, how varied and different the scene. Rail- roads checker North Missouri like a chess board, and in our travels, as the darkey said, " we are there before we start," for truly is distance annihilated and time overcome. I remember well in the late summer of 1852, when only a strippling grown, of returning from the i^ast, where I had been at school for nearlj- three years, of being on the road for three weeks, and now it is readily done in as many days. Then the Pennsylvania Railroad, probably now the most wealthy railroad corporation in the world, was not completed from Philadelphia toPitttsburg, but was supplemented by the slow-going canal. But time passes and I am warned I must close. How magical the changes wrought in our midst. Even far more so than those of the Genii of 496 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. the magic lamp possessed by Aladdin. Northwest Missouri, yea, even your own proud city of St. Joseph, have no ancestr}- to boast of. They are alike the product of the energy and genuis of her own sons and the hon- ored and venerated pioneers who are all around me. Twenty-five years ago that man would have been declared insane who prognosticated the • simple truth of to-day, and the most boundless and vivid imagination could not and did not foretell the half of to-day. Your own proud, but turbid and restless river, on my right, has been subdued. Se\'en bridges, monumental of man's power and energy, span its rapid current, and I, young as I am, have seen the celebrations over those erected at \-our own city, Kansas City and St. Louis. What shall I say, in conclusion, of St. Joseph, proud and Queen City of the Northwest. I have declared she had no ancestry to"" boast of. No; she has sprang into existence full fledged, armed at all points, and equipped for the battle of life, resting upon the strong arms of her own sons to carry her on to still greater victories than any yet achieved in the past. Her proud career and com- manding station in our state, furnishing as she has, governors, supreme judges, and other high state officials, and the home of such men as a Burnes, a Hall, a Woodson, a Craig and a Vories, reminds me of an anecdote of General Jackson's administration. Shawnee was a great Indian warrior, the measure of whose fame filled his own nation, and was the envy of surrounding tribes. He visited the great father, at Wash- ington, and while there was asked by Mrs. Jacskon, who did not know how sensitive every Indian warrior was upon the subject of his ancestry, who his father was. His face darkened with a cloud, but quicklj- recovering, he said years ago, the Great Spirit, in his wrath was angry at his red children, and in his fury, in the midst of storm and thunderings and lightnings, the Great Spirit smote the oldest and proudest oak of the forest, and rent it from top to bottom, and as it fell prone upon the earth, from out of its heart stepped Shawnee, a full-grown Indian warrior brave. So it is with St. Joseph, she sprang into existence full-grown, and her commanding position, as the gateway of the Northwest, will enable her to maintain her vantage ground. Judge Birch was then introduced, and spoke as follows: Mr. President, L.\dies and Gentlemen;— As there can be no motive to impugn the sincerity of the declaration that none of >'ou can be more disappointed than I have been by the non-attendance of the distinguished citizen you came to listen to, who, as the orator of the day, would have so generally swept the field, I will waste no time in excusing myself for that want of preparation to properly supply his place which will soon enough become apparent to you all. I will proceed, therefore, at once to the duty which has been assigned me, and shall hope to dis- charge it in such a manner as may be at least excusable as the results of the reflections of an hour or so instead of a week, or a monch, as it would have been my duty and my pleasure to have expended upon a task so complimentary and so honorable had it been assigned me in time. As the chronologies and other items of precise information which should have entered so largely into an address of this character will have to be recalled from memory instead of the more reliable sources with which I might have refreshed and better assured myself at home, I can but promise to do the very best I can, and as no man has ever heard me premise a speech by excuse of any nature before to-day, it is felt that I IIISTORV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 497 may the more confidently rely even upon the indulgence of criticism, than I could have done had I been set to the task you have assigned me and in many respects failed to redeem your reasonable expectation. What I ileem it ajipropriate to suggest in advance of anything that I may be prompted to bring up before this vast assembly, is to submit to the old settlers who thus so candidly and encouragingly honor us witli their ear, the reverential recognition of an overruling Providence who has so long guided and sustained us, and who has in like manner encouraged and sustained those who subsequently followed us to a country which is here so grandly represented in the all-embracing Exposition of the inilustries, the enterjjrise, and, in short, the progress and civilization which have grown up and gladden the eye and ear almost to the verge of intoxication. All honor to the man and men of St. Joseph who pre- sided over and have carried to consummation the magnificent Exposition which is before us and around us, and who have inaugurated this re-union of the old settlers who yet linger around and among them. And what has brought us to all this pass since the distinguished president of this re-union and myself, with the hundred who are before us, were men of middle age .' Those of us who arc called " old settlers," and who are known accordingly in the programme, and in the badges of the day, are of course content that it be written of us as it has been, that wc so blazed the way to what we see before us and around us as to encourage others to follow us up as they have done, and it may perhaps be added without immodesty, that we have been strengthened and accredited to have so borne ourselves in the conflict to which our cir- cumstances have committed us, each in his sphere, as to have at least not repelled such proper associations and enterprises as have since clus- tered around us, and as are typified around us to-day. This little con- ceded, we as unreservedly concede the rest to others, each again in his sphere, and point again and again to this wondrous Exposition as the result of a progressive and common civilization, the outcome, if we may say, of the germs, which, however rudely planted, had nevertheless to be planted before there could be realized the fruition and fruits of to-day. May such and similar fruitage be progressive in the heritage of our chil- dren, and our children's children, who may remain to enjoy them ; or if, in the untowardness of events, some of them shall feel constrained to go in quest of new associations, and to embark upon newer fields of useful- ness or of enterprise as their fathers once did, may they carry with them at least the sturdy manhood of their fathers, and continue to atlorn and to benefit societ)-, instead of inflicting a blemish u[)'on it or staining it with a wrong. . What more shall I say in recognition of the distinction which puts me in the place of such a man as Alexander W. Doniphan, upon such an occasion as the ]3resent one.' Firstly, that I shall not be presumptuous enough to expect to speak as he would have spoken, even by trying to say it in a different manner to what he would have said it, but simply to substitute as best I may such incidents or experiences as it may occur to me will be most indulgently received by the rows and tiers of benches, ])it, box and gallery full, which so rise up and stretch out before me, as for the first time in fifty years to render me distrustful as to whether my voice can compass the audience which thus honors me with its ear. I briefly allude, therefore, to what I have witnessed, and the humbler part 498 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. in which I was permitted to act during a period of many years in our state. It may be permissible to premise that when I first looked upon the city of St. Louis from the deck of a steamer which was about to land me there, during the winter of 1826-27, there was something in what seemed to be the stately grandeur andthe unerring prestige of the location, which made me feel that the good old uncle, "who had long resided there as a bachelor surveyor of the public lands, and who had invited and enticed me (young as I was) to come to him, buy the office of a newspaper establishment, which had been presided over by Thomas H. Benton, up to the period of his election to the Senate, and afterwards by General Duff. Green, until his transfer to Washington, as the organ of what was then known as the "Jackson Party," at least intended great things for me, whether I could be brought up to them or not. I soon came to believe, however, that although the population of the city at that time was only about 6,0O0, it was too large a place " for one of my age," and months afterwards, I transferred myself to a village of the interior with a small newspaper, then the extreme newspaper west. And, as I see before me some of these old settlers of Howard County whose acquaintance I made when they were commencing life, as I may say, at Fayette, it will at least be unpardonable should I not occupy the remainder of my time with what they and I then knew and have since come to know of the state and the people, of whom we form a part. The state was divided into four judicial circuits, the one over which the Fayette lawyer traveled extending from Montgomery and Gasconade Counties, and all westward on both sidi s ..f tlu ri\cr, to the state line inclusive. By and by a new circuit was (ngaiiizcd in this end of the state, and, as one of the governor's military confidants, was appointed to be judge of it, but served as his aid-de-camp, the com- mander-in-chief, was courteously and confidently conferred upon me, which is the way I came to be colonel about forty-five years ago. Then we had one member of Congress. Now we have thirteen — but even yet there are not half as many who can get to go to Congres as are willing to make the sacrifice. Then we had a mail once a week from St. Louis to Fayette in a stage, which the passengers had frequently to pry out of the mud and otherwise help along at the steep places. And from Fayette to Liberty, which was the county seat of western civilization of the United States, the mail was sent on horseback once a week. What next .' By a treaty with the Indians, whose wigwams covered the country, perhaps the very spot from which I am thus permitted to address this vast assembly, it was agreed that they would be removed, by their consent, to the other side of the river, and that that should be thereafter the boundary between ourselves and the red men. The state consenting, and Congress consenting, it was not long before the country was organized into counties and with representation in the Legislature, and with David R. Atchison, the president of this reunion, as judge of this new judicial circuit. I wish it were so, sir, said the speaker (turn- ing to General Atchison), that we could more fully let you loose again from the more rigid conventionalities which but properly attach to an occasion of this nature — you and the lawyers who went around with you at your courts for the first year or so — ^just to hear you tell a few more stories as to the more primitive ways of an old horseback life, in con- trast with the step by step advances which have brought us up not only IIISI'ORN- i)|- CLINTON COHNI'V. 499 to our pahitial liouscs in our sojounimciits, l)ut lo our palact- cars in carr>-ing us there. But I must pause. Our politics in those early times were at least none the worse for having in them a little more heart than' they have since grown to have. But let that pass. Other parties had worked into the new names of National Republicans under such leaders as Clay and Webster, and Democrats under such leaders as Jackson and Van Muren, and later still, when the National Republicans took the name of Whigs, as being more appropriate, to include all the outs against all the ins — there was war in the great earnestness of nothing — a presidential election which left the country distrustful and embittered as it has come to be. The average Whig of that day was a man who, as well as we should put it, drank his grog regularly and voted his ticket without scratching, unless it was felt that he could in some respects do better, and when the Whigs won a big race (which was only about often enough to bring back the Democracy to a recollection that even the most powerful party could not brook the popular credulity or retribution as has since been done), when a presidential or state contest was their greatest thought, with it was felt that the country was nevertheless just about as safe as if it had gone the other way ; and we all (or nearly all) shook hands and drank each others health accordingly. As to those Pullman or palace cars, to which I return, my friend Governor Hall, who is present, remem- bers how I was thrown down and made to go foot in our party almost a (juarter of a century ago for advocating that system of internal improve- ment, out of which they have since grown. I don't think Willard was ever any better Democrat than I was (and yet am) but he was a better part)- disciplinarian ; and to that, as well as to the patriotic furore which opportunity sent him (and a Doniphan) to Me.xico, with musket at his shoulder, instead of longer continuing to oppose the road to India, as I then phrazed the road which carried our children and grandchildren to California a few days ago, I believe he himself ascribes his election U> Congress. Of course I would not thus publicly allude, in his absence, to my congressional campaign with the governor, when we were both much younger men than we now are, were it not that I feel free to declare that, as a political antagonist, he was as fair as he was unyielding, and that in the subsequent history of the railroad which he had opposed as a con- gressional candidate, he made it all up and more, too, as our congressman elect. Although I am probably a trespasser beyond the line of a proper and considerate courtesy, I venture to add a few parting sentences in the reliance per chance that the>- may be worth remembering by the younger portion of this patient aud listening assembly. I see before me old men and old women of all creeds, and what are called no creeds, of whom I ask no more, nor they of me, than as Jehu asked of Jchonadab, is thine heart right ? This much conceded, as under the old dispensation, then forbid him not of Christ, has sufficiently suf- ficed us for this present dispensation, and it is believed, I incur no risk in assuming, that the older we grow and the more we reflect, the more' and more we have of reciprocal charity — the less and less of reciprocal bigotry. It but naturally follows such premises as these that " repent- ance toward God and faith in the Lord Jesus Christ" is all we require of cacli* other on the score of Christian fellowship. 50O HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. In respect to the neighborhood, a social requirement of these old settlers, such men (turning to Colonel Switzler) as the old sachems who were looked up to in the early settlement of our old County of Howard — if a man was brave to always tell the truth and stand well up to it in a fight, his children could marry with the children of neighbor- hood aristocracies — and so it is with the present day. But as Keitt said of the cock of Soutii Carolina, who was loud in a crow but bashful in a fight, even the pullets had too much consideration for themselves and their posterity to run with them. Farewell, old settlers, and if forever farewell, we have the consciences to feel in parting (perhaps for the last time), that we have not only been faithful and true to each other, whether as friends or adversaries, but that in the public employment which has fallen to us, we have faithfully served our country; that we have never wronged her, and that in that respect we will be ready to meet the final inquiries of the Judge of all the earth. Farewell, old' settlers, farewell. CHAPTER XXIX. OFFICIAL RECORD. C. !•". R)iaiul. Austin A. Kiny, David R. Atchison, Henderson \'oung, George W. Dunn, Austin A. Kin<,^ George W. Dunn, Walter King, Philander Lucas and George W. Dimn, present incumbent, term expiring i8S6. COUNTY COURT JUOGES. 1833 to 1834 — John P. Smith. Stephen Jones and Archibald Elliott. 1834 to 1837 — John Biggerstaff, Stephen Jones and Washington Huf- faker. 1837 to 1838 — Weston Everett, John Biggerstaff and Stephen Jones. 1838 to 1839 — John Biggerstaff, Stephen Jones and Clark Stephens. 1839 to 1846 — John Biggerstaff Lorenzo J. Froman and Clark Ste- phens. 1846 to 1847 — John Biggerstaff, Clark Stephens and Joseph Baxter. 1847 to 1848 — Joseph Baxter, Clark Stephens and James Dagley. 1848 to 1850 — Joseph Baxter, James Dagley and G. W. Culver. 1850 to 185 1 — Clark Young, John S. Johnson and Jacob N. Brawner. 185 1 to 1852 — Jacob N. Brawner, John S.Johnson and Robert Dillard. 1852 to 1854 — Jacob N. Brawner, John S. Johnson and James W, Kirkpatrick. 1854 to 1858 — Jacob N. Brawner, Joel Burnam and Daniel A. Stout. 1858 to 1859 — Jacob N. Brawner, Joel Burnam and Rich. C. Lindsay. 1859 to 1861— J. C. Scott, Benj. F. Willis and James R. Coffman. 1 86 1 to 1862— J. C. Scott, Thomas F. Viglini and Benj. F. Willis. 1862 to 1863 — Thomas V. Viglini, James E. Young and David P. McKissick. ^ 1863 to 1864 — James V.. Young, Thomas F. Viglini and David Cooper. 1864 to 1865 — James V.. Young. David Cooper and Robert Johnson. 1865 to 1866 — David Cooper, Jackson F^stes and Jacob Estep. 1866 to 1 868 — A. D. Stone, David Cooper and Jackson F^stes. 1 868 to 1869— A. D. Stone, David Cooper and J. G. Fitch. 1869 to i870^David Cooper, J. G. F'itch and F"rancis D. Phillips. 1870 to 1871— Francis D. Phillips, E. T. Walker and J. G. Fitch. 502 IIISTOKN III- il.l\'l()\ <(1UN'1"S'. 1 8/ I to 1874 — Charles Youngs, J. G. l^'itch dcsij^ned 1 873) and H. C. Stokes. 1874 to 1878 — James E. Young, county and probate judge. 1878 to 1880— W. H. Lott holding over. During this latter year the county was divided into two districts. Berryman Shafer was made judge of the first district and A. W. Frederick judge of the second district. 1880 to 18 W. H. Lott, Berryman Shafer and Hiram Smith, Jr. rUOHATE JUDGE.S. Tlie Count}- Court Justices had charge of all Probate matters until 1872, at which time Courts of Piobate were established. 1873 to 1875 — Thomas J. Porter, Judge. In 1875 the County Court Justices again had jurisdiction of all Probate matters until January 1879, 1875 to 1879 — James E. Young, Presiding Justice and Probate Judge. 1879 to 1880— Milton M. McPhetridge. 1880 to 1883— Virgil R. Porter. CIRCUIT COURT CLERK. 1833 to 1835 — Richard R. Rees. Mr. Rees resigned August 31, 1S35. Henry F. Mitchell was appointed c\erk />ro ton.m 1835, and died in December 1836. 1836 to 1S39 — Solomon Kimsey. 1839 to 1840— Cyrus Hubbard. 1840 to 1857 — Winslow Turner. 1857 to 1862 — Moses Shoemaker. 1862 to 1864— William J. Biggerstaff, appointed. 1864 to 1871— William L. Birney. 1871 to 1875 — Thomas G. Barton. 1875 to 1879— Edward W. Turner. 1879 to 1883— David H. Lindsay. RECORDERS. The clerks of the county court were recorders till August, 1874, at which time Antoine G. Craig was appointed recorder by Governor Silas Woodson. He is the present incumbent, his term of office e.xpiring the 1st day of January, 1883. COUXTV COURT CLERKS. 1833 to 1835 — Richard R. Rees. Mr. Rees tendered his resignation August 31, 1835. 1835 to 1836 — Henry F. Mitchell was appointed clerk pro ton. at the August term of the court, 1835, and died in December, 1836. IllSTORV nv CLINTON COUXTV. 503 1836 to 1S39— Solomon Kimsey. 1839 to 1840 Cyrus Hubbard. 1840 to 1857 — Winslow Turner. 1857 to 1S62— Moses Shoemaker. 1862 to 1865— W. P. Hooper. 1865 to 1866— Jeremiah V. Bassett. 1866 to 1867— Charles W. Porter. 1867 to 1 87 1 — George Essig. 1 87 1 to 1875— M. S. Peters. 1875 to 1883— George R. Riley. SHKRIFFS. 1S33 to 1S36— Thomp.son Smith. From July 11, 1836, to September 17, 1836 — F^lijah Jackson. 1836 to 183S— S. B. Taylor. 1838 to 1839— M. B. Ballem. From March, 1839, to August, 1S39— Levi Thatcher; John Ilarsell ^herifl" />;-(; /im 1839 ; D. H. Randolph appointed 1839. 1839 to 1842— Littleton S. Roberts. .1842 to 1846 — George Funkhouser. 1846 to 1850— John Steel. 1850 to i853--Robert Greer. 1853 to 1S54 — Jeremiah Tillery. 1854 to 1856— John Steol. 1856 to 1858— George W. Winn. 1858 to i860— John Steel. i860 to 1864 — William L. Ferguson. 1864 to 1867 — George Funkhouser. 1867 to 1869— Francis U. Phillips. 1869 to 1873— Milton M. McPhctridge. 1873 to 1877— William V. Davis. 1S77 to 1881— John M. Payne. 1 88 1 to 1883— Michael S. Allgaier. TKE.VSUKERS. 1833 to 1834— John Biggerstaff. 1834 to 1831; — Elijah P. Howell. (Howell resigned in December, 1835 to 1840 — James H. Long. (Resigned June, 1840.J 1840 to 185 1— Dr. N. F. Essig. 1851 to 1852— Henry E.ssig. 1852 to'1856-Charles W. Porter. 504 HISTORY OF CLINTON COUNTY. 1856 to i860 — George Funkhouser. i860 to 1864 — Oliver H. Jackson. 1864 to 1865— Nathan M. Vance. 1865 to 1867— O. P. Riley. 1867 to 1869 — J. F. Harrington. 1869 to 1873— O. P. Riley. 1873 to 1883 — George P. Funkhouser. COLLECTORS. 1833 to 1834 — Washington Huffaker. 1834 — Thompson Smith, (resigned in May 1834J. 1834 to 1836— Richard Miller. 1S36 to 1837— James Hall. 1837 to 1839 — S. B. Taylor. 1839 to 1842— Littleton S. Roberts. 1842 to 1846 — George Funkhouser. 1846 to 1850— John Steel. 1850 to 1853— Robert Greer. 1853 to 1854 — Jeremiah Tilkry. 1854 to 1856— John Steel. 1856 to 1858— George W. Winn. 1858 to i860— John Steel. i860 to 1864 — William Ferguson. 1864 to 1867 — George Funkhouser. 1867 to 1869— Francis D. Phillipji. 1S69 to 1873— Milton M. McPhetridge. 1873 to 1875— Washington Huffaker. 1875 to 1877— James J. Osborn. 1877 to 1 88 1— William F. Davis. 1 88 1 to 1S83— John N. Payne. Prior to 1873 the sheriffs were the collectors. ASSESSORS. 1833 to 1834 — Elijah Fry. 1834 to 1835 — Benjamin F. Wilkerson. 1835 to 1836 — Jonathan Stone. 1836 to 1838— David Shelton. 1838 to 1839 — Tobias Miller. 1839 to 1841 — William Reynolds. 1841 to 1845— James M. Howell. 1845 to 1847— Washington Huffaker, 1847 to 1850— Milton A. Weldon. 1850 to 1852— James P. Halsell, IIISTOKV OK CLINTON COUNTY. 505 1852 to 1857 — Manford Lancaster. 1857 to 1859 — The court laid the county off into four a.s.scssmcnt ilistricts: Ewen C. Hale, assessor ist district ; Middleton Vaughn, asses- sor 2d district ; L. J. Froman, assessor 3d district ; Washington Huffa- ker, assessor 4th district. 1859 to i860 — Richard P. Lindsay, assessor 1st district ; George M. W'hitson, assessor 2d district ; William P. Gibson, assessor 3d district ; Wesley Munkers, assessor 4th district. i860 to 1 86 1 — Wesley Munkers. 1 86 1 to 1862 — James Christman. 1862 to 1863— William P. Gibson. 1863 to 1864 — William L. Ferguson. 1864 to 1866— Miranda C. Riley. 1866 to 1868— Lilburn H. Eve. 1868 to 1870— Charles A. Leibrandt. 1S70 to 1872— Sherman J. Waful. 1872 to 1874 — John Downey. 1874 to 1878— H. Whittington. 1878 to 1882— Richard C. Rigg. SURVEYORS. 1841 to 1846— Donald M. McDonald. 1846 to 1867— G. W. Osburn. (Continued by appointment till 1867.) 1867 to 1872— A. J. Everly. 1872 to 1875— George W. Osburn. 1875 to 1876— Joseph M. Williamson. 1876 to 1883— A. J. Everly. COUNTY ATTORNEYS. 1832 to 1 874 —Joseph M. Lowe. 187410 1878— Roland Hughes. 1878 to 1882 — Joseph M. Lowe. Prior to the year 1872, there were no County Attorneys except by appointment of the County Court. The ofifice was filled by the Circuit Attorneys, among whom were Amos Rees, George W. Dunn, Mordacai Oliver, D. C. Allen, Aaron Conrow, Wm. M. Esteb, Peter H. Burnett and John G. Woods. REPRESENTATIVES. Thompson Smith, Littleton S. Roberts, Thomas C. Birch, Ba.\- ter, John T. Hughes, Thomas E. Turney, Winslow Turner, John Steel, John M. Mooreland, Jacob Estep, John M. McMichael, Edward W. Turner, James E. Hughes, George W. Davis, Alexander Cook, James E. Jones. SENATORS. James H. Birch, Jr., W. W. Bland. PART II BIOGRAPHICAL BIOGRAPHICAL i^-:i:-T-3f-ar COXCORDTOWXSHIPAXD THE CITY OF PLATTSBURG M.S. allgaip:r, Sheriff of Clinton County, is a nati\'e of Kentucky, having been born in Scott Count)- January i, 182S. His primary education was obtained in the common schools, after which he clerked in a tin and hardware store. He subsequently attended Georgetown Baptist College and Beardstown College, in Nelson County, but did not complete his entire course. In the spring of 1855, he emigrated to Kansas, locating at Leavenworth, where he remained until 1857, when he removed to Missouri, and took up his abode at Weston, Platte County. There he engaged in the gro- cery business, continuing until September, 1861, when he entered the Confederate army as private, under Captain Spratt, at Platte City, and was afterwards with General Shelby in Arkansas and Texas, and in the latter state was made captain. He started for Mexico with General Shelby, but under President Johnson's proclamation returned home, lie participated in many hard-fought battles, and was twice slightly wounded. Upon coming home he engaged in farming on Section 10, of Lafayette Township, and still owns this farm of 293 acres. In 1878, he was a candidate for the State Legislature, but was defeated by three votes, his opponent being Mr. Alexander C. Cook. In 1880, he was elected Sheriff of Clinton County, and in the discharge of his duties gives universal satisfaction. In December, 1849, ^'^ was married to Miss Hattie Anderson, a native of Clark County, Kentucky, born in 1838. The)- have three children living. Their son Charles, was thrown from his horse in 1863, and had his neck broken, l-'cderal troops frightcnctl 4 BIOGRAPHICAL. the animal, with the above result. Mrs. A. died August 14, 1855. Mr Allgaier's second marriage occurred on the third of May, 1859, to Miss Amanda Williams, of Platte County, Missouri. They have had a family ot ten children, of whom se\-en survive. He is a member of the Knights of Honor. C. ANDERSON, contractor and builder, is a native of Norway, and was born March 14, 1835. He came to America with his parents when young, locating in Chicago, Illinois, there being reared, educated and also learned the can- penter trade. In 1858, he went to Leavenworth, Kansas, pursuing his trade at that point until i860, when he became a resident of Platte County, Missouri. Remaining there for a time, he returned to Leaven- worth, and was identified with the building interests of the city until after the war, when he again removed to Platte Count}-, locating near New Market, where he made his home until July, 1870, then becoming a resident of Plattsburg. He has superintended the construction of and built many substantial and attractive edifices in Clinton Count}- and Northwestern Missouri, among which are the public schools of Plattsburg and Chillicothe. There are few citizens who have manifested a more li\c interest in the advancement bf or contributed more freely to the progress of Plattsburg than Mr. A. Soon after coming here he built his residence, and the two-story brick edifice now occupied b}- Mr. Barnes as a furniture establishment, over which is the I. O. O. F. Hall, and which for a time was occupied b}- the Masons. In 1878, he was elected Ma}-or of the city, and in 1879, he was re-elected to the same position. Mr. A. is a fair illustration of what can be accomplished where there is a will to execute. Thrown upon his own resources when fifteen years of age, he has by industry and economy attained to a well-merited success. In 1S64, at Leavenworth, he joined the I. O. O. F., and while a member of that body held several important offices in the Lodge and Encampment. At New Market, Platte County, he built the I. O. O. F. Hall, and estab- lished the Order. In 1878, he became a member of the Lodge in Plattsburg. and during his connection therewith has held the offices of Secretary and Treasurer. He has been a Representative to the Grand Lodge from the Thirtieth District, and has recently been appointed by the Grand Master as Lodge Deputy for Plattsburg. In 1868, at New Market, he became a member of the Masonic fraternity. Mr. A. has been twice marfied ; first, in 1861, to Miss Mary Polk, b}^ whom he had five children — George, Kittie, Nettie, Willie and Nannie. Mrs. A.'s death occurred in 1875. In 1876, Miss Mollie Ward, of Chillicothe, became his wife. They have four children — Letha, Bertina, Clara H., and an infant. CONXOKI) TOWNSHIP. 5 J. H. BENNETT, hardware dealer, is a native of Virtj;inia, having been born at Harper's Ferry June 14, 1841. His paternal ancestors came from England, and were among the earl)' settlers of the Shenandoah Valley. The subject of this sketch spent his early days in tilling the soil, and in 1856, with the family, came to Missouri, locating northeast of Plattsburg, in Clin- ton County, where he engaged in farming. In 1859, his father died, leaving, besides his widow, nine children. J. H. being the eldest, the responsibility of their care rested upon him, but he accepted the situa- tion willingly and performed his duty faithfully. The carpenter trade, of which he is very proficient, was learned by him in Clinton County. This he followed for many years, erecting a number of the substantial structures in Plattsburg. His hardware and implement trade, which is one of the largest in the county, is steadily on the increase. Mr. Ben- nett has been twice married. In 1862 he was first married to Mollie Brown, now deceased. The result of this union was one son, Charlie. His present wife is L. P. Arnold, of West Virginia; they have one son, Arnold. He is a Deacon in the Missionary Baptist Church, and is a member of the A. 0. U. W. SIMON BICKEL, farmer and stock raiser, section 33, post office Lathrop. Among the younger class of success''ul farmers maybe mentioned the subject of this sketch. He is a native of Indiana, and was born in Elkhart County, October 30, 1852. He was raised in the occupation he has since followed, and emigrated to Missouri in 1870, settling in this county. He was married in 1 876 to Miss Emma Ellwood, a lady in every particular worthy of him. Their family consists of two children, Rollo E. and Georgie O. They are members of the Methodist Church. S. G. BIGGERSTAFF, one of Clinton County's pioneers, as well as one of its most respected citi- zens, is a native of Kentucky, and was born in Monroe County, on the Cumberland River, August 20, 1808. His father, Aaron, was a flat- boatman on that river for many years. The subject of this sketch was raised and educated in his native State, following the pursuits of agricul- ture. In 1830, he married Miss Amanda L. Gee, then in her fifteenth \-ear, and in 1831, with his young wife, started for Missouri in a cart. His live stock consisted of a team of horses and a yoke of oxen, his financial resources amounting to $200. On the 15th of October of that year, he staked his tent where the town of Gower now stands in Clinton County. He entered 160 acres a short distance southeast of that point 6 BIOGRArHICAl.. near the Buchanan County line, and commenced the career of a pioneer farmer. After a residence of four years, he sold out and bought a farm south of Casteel Creek, remaining a few years, when he returned and purchased his old place, and also some additional land, making a farm of 300 acres. His next move was north of Plattsburg, where he pur- chased the farms of Judge Biggerstaff, Mr. Stow and J. H. Trice, a tract of land amounting to 500 acres, on which he resided three or four years, when he sold out and bought from J. T. Hughes 920 acres close to Plattsburg, which he soon after disposed of and purchased the Culver farm, south of Casteel Creek. During these times he was one of the largest agriculturists in the Northwest, owning a number of slaves, and was reputed to be worth upwards of $40,000. Upon the outbreak of the war he was deprived of half his wealth by the loss of slaves, and other drawbacks. After a residence of four years on the last mentioned place, Mr. B. came to Plattsburg and engaged in the livery business extensively. After a few years he embarked in the grocery trade, and has since been engaged in business, with the exception of one year spent in agricultural pursuits, having traded his livery for a farm. Thus we have traced the changes of one of Clinton County's representative men, and one who has contributed amply to its substantial development. Few men are more widely and popularly known. He is a gentleman in every sense of the word. Has a well stored mind and an excellent memory. Mrs. Biggerstaff died in 1865. His present wife was Mrs. Sarah J. Halsel. By his first marriage he had ten children, seven of whom are living — Martina, Willie Ann, John S., George W., Henrietta, Zachary T. and Marj- Marcella. Lost three — Josephine, James M. and William C. \\'. L. BIGGERSTAFF, farmer and stock raiser, section 26, post office Plattsburg. This gentle- man ranks among Clinton County's most prominent and progressive citizens. He is a native of Kentucky, and was born in Monroe County, March 28, 18 16. His father, William, was a well to do farmer of that county, and W. L. spent his youthful days in agricultural pursuits. After attaining his majority, he embarked in mercantile pursuits in Center Point, where for several years he was postmaster, and also for a time was in trade at Tompkinsville. In 1857, he came to Clinton County, Missouri, and purchased the farm where he now resides, and has contri- buted much towards the development of that locality. The celebrated Plattsburg Springs are situated on his land, and much credit is due Mr. B. for his untiring attention and liberal contribution towards making this a delightful summer resort. His estate consists of 235 acres of choice land. In 1843, Miss Ruth Holman, of Overton County, Tennessee, became his wife. They have had eight children, six of whom are living coxc-OKi) loWNsiiir. 7 —Mary, Pcrnicli.i, Martha, Sarah, Lcviiia and Rulli. Two are deceased, Nanc)- and William. Mrs. Higs^r^-rstaff's death occurred in February. 1864. The subject of this sketcli is a member of" the Christian Churcii. G. T. HI(]GKRSTAFF, f.irmer and stock raiser. Anions; the olil pioneers of this count)- the subject of this sketch occupies a prominent position. He is a natixe of Kentuck)', having been born October 30, 1818, and was raised in tlie occupation he has since followed. His father, William, was an old set- tler of Kentucky, and was closelj- identified with the agricultural inter- ests of his district. His death occurred September 10, 183 1. G. T. emigrated to the State of Mi.ssouri in 1843, and settled where he now resides. He has been, for years, one of our successful and practical farmers and stock raisers, and has done much toward making this count}' what it is. He was married, August 15, 1839, to Miss Sarah T. Bedford, also a native of Kentucky. By this marriage they have eight children : William B., Thomas J., Rebecca T.. Joseph L., James H., John B., Peter F. and Steplien H. Mr. B. is a member of the Masonic Order. He and his wife are members of the Christian Church. He was one of the orig- inal members of the first church built in this count)-, which was known as the "Old Log Church." J. B. BIGGERSTAFF, dealer in horses and mules, is one of the well known business men of Plattsburg, and one who has been closely identified with its growth. He was born in Monroe Count)', Kentucky, April 5, 1823. His father, William, was a native of that state, and an agriculturist. J. B. spent his early da)-s in his native state, where he was educated, and resided until 1842, when he came to Clinton County, locating in Plattsburg. He learned the blacksmith trade, and, when he had completed it, engaged in business tor himself, and erected for his shop the brick structure on the northeast corner of Main and Broadway Streets. At the breaking out of the war, he had several smiths employed, and was doing a lucra- tive business ; was owner of a number of slaves, and by the rebellion lost $15,000. After the war he engaged in the stock trade, in which he was favorably known over a vast area of territory. Mr. B. is a man who has had a wide and varied experience in business, and is endowed with rare good sense and a well balanced mind. He came to Plattsburg a penniless young man, and, by his habits of industry, economy and good management, placed himself among the substantial men of the county. He was married, in Liberty, Clay County, Missouri, in 1849, to Miss Mary K. Collins. Both Mr. and Mrs. Biggerstaff .are connected with the Christian Church. 8 BIOGRAPHICAL. COL. JAMES H. BIRCH. Among the men of prominence who have long been identified with the interests and history of this county, is Col. James H. Birch, the oldest living son and child of the late Judge James H. Birch. He was born in Fayette, Howard County, Missouri, November 14, 1831, and came with his father to his county in October, 1841. Col. Birch was educated in the log school house of that early period. He, with his elder brother, Charles, joined the volunteer forces and followed the flag to Mexico, and were attached to the Santa Fe battalion under Major Walker. When discharged he was yet under seventeen years of age, but wore the stripes of a corporal, given him by his commander for gallant service on the battlefield, his last service in that war being a member of the body guard of the late General Sterling Price. Upon his return home he studied law under the guidance of his father, then on the Supreme Bench of the State, and entered upon the practice of the law in his native town before he was of age. Afterwards he graduated at the Law Department of the Cumberland University, in Tennessee. At the breaking out of the war of the states. Col. Birch, and his father, were decided Union men. He accepted the appointment of aid-de-camp from Governor Gamble, with the rank of colonel, which position he filled until near the close of the war, when he was arrested and paroled by the Confederate forces, whereupon he tendered his resignation. In politics he was an ardent Democrat, and in 1868, was elected a senator from the Third District, composed of the counties of Clay, Platte and Clinton, it being the first civil office he ever held. As a senator he faithfully discharged its duties. He was the author of the law abolishing the ofTfice of public printer, and submitting the work to competition, thereby saving many thousands per year to the taxpayers. To his energy and persistence do the people of Northwest Missouri owe the Insane Asylum at St. Joseph. Beaten three times in as many winters, he introduced the bill the fourth winter and successfully passed it, it being the first dollar of money ever appropriated for this section of the state. He was the author of the law abolishing the office of circuit attorney, and establishing the office of prosecuting attorney, as a court office. He wrote the law settling the controversy between the state and public school fund, on account of the sale of the stock in the old Bank of Missouri, whereby nine hundred thousand dollars were added to the public school fund, thereby proving his feelings in the educational interests of the state. Many other laws bear the impress of his positive character. After leaving the Senate, his friends sought to send him to Congress, and were only prevented by those tricks in convention, which have brought the convention system into great disrespect. In 1875, his health was so impaired that he sought the air of the Pacific shores, and returned in 1878, greatly improved. He CONCORD TOWNSHIP. 9 lives in one of the most beautiful groves in Northwest Missouri, which he improved in 1859, about a half mile south of Plattsburg. He has been married twice. By his last wife he has raised a family of nine children, all of whom are living. The colonel is in the prime of life, vigorous in mind and body, and bids fair to live many years. \VM. LEONARD BIRNEV, M. D„ was born in Missouri, seven miles south of Lexington, on the 19th of January, 1839, and received a common school education. He also attended the High School at Harrisonville, Cass County, and remained at home, working on the farm, until nineteen years of age. During the late war he was Deputy Provost Marshal of the Sixth District of Mis- souri and was assigned to Clinton County, coming here July 14, 1863. During the war he also served as First Sergeant of a Missouri regiment. On the 5th of May, 1865, Mr. Birney was appointed Clerk of the Circuit Court of Clinton County, and November 3, 1866, was elected for four years, but served five years and eight months. December 8, 1865, he commenced the publication of a paper, the first one issued here after the war. This was called the New Constitution, and was successfully car- ried on for about a year. Having resolved upon the practice of medi- cine as a profession, he commenced its study, reading under Dr. Essig, and attended lectures at the ^lissouri Aledical College of St. Louis, and was graduated March 5, 1879. Dr. Birney was united in marriage to Miss Laura E. Maupin, a native of Richmond, Missouri, February 23, 1S65. They have had, as a result of this marriage, two children. ADAM A. BRECKENRIDGE, farmer and stock raiser, section 34, post office Lathrop, is a native of Kentucky, and is a member of the Breckenridge family who attained a national reputation. He was born in Bourbon County, in 1837. His father was the proprietor of a large plantation, and the son early became interested in stock raising and agricultural pursuits, and became one of the rising men of his vicinity. In 1874, he removed to Clinton County, Missouri, and has since followed his chosen occupation. He owns 460 acres of good land, well adapted for successfully raising and feeding stock. He married Miss Rebecca D. Wilmot, of Bourbon County, Ken- tucky, October 7, 1856. She is a granddaughter of Colonel Wilmot, of Revolutionary fame. Their family consists of three sons : John-C, \Vm. Wilmot and Jefferson Davis. J. W. BOWLBY, of Bowlby & Vallandingham, proprietors of the Laclede Hotel, is a native of Belvidere, Burlington County, New Jersey, and was born January 8, 10 BIOGRAPHICAL. 1 841. His father, Dr. Alfred Bowlb}-, was a well known practitioner in that county. When J. \V. was in his third year he was taken by his parents to Ohio, and there resided until he attained his fifteenth year, when he came to Weston, Platte County, Missouri, where his father had preceded him a number of years and was one of the early and promi- nent physicians in the Platte Purchase. In 1856, our subject went into the mountains, where he made his home for over ten years, making several visits to the States. During that period, his time was divided between New Mexico, Colorado, California, Wyoming, Utah, Washing- ton Territory, the British Possessions and other localities, engaged principally in freighting, and at times as clerk in mercantile establish- ments. In that day the Indians reigned supreme and he was an actor with these individuals in many daring exploits, and had many hair breadth escapes. His familiarity with the Western country was good, and he was well known to the numerous adventurers who were traveling towards the setting sun. In 1S67, he embarked in the restaurant busi- ness at Weston, and in 186S came to Plattsburg, engaging in the liquor trade and continued it until January, 1881, when he opened the Laclede Hotel. As a hotel keeper he has proved himself a success. He found a wife in the person of Miss Lucy Noel, of Atchison Count)-, Kansas, an esteemable lady and an excellent manager of household affairs. ELI BROWN, tarmer and stock raiser, section 28, post office Plattsburg. The subject of this sketch is a native of Bath County, Kentucky, and was born Sep- tember 9, 1820. He is a tanner by trade, at which he worked in his native place for twelve years. In 1855, he emigrated to this county, where he has since resided, and, since his arrival, has followed the occu- pation of farming. He is an old settler, and a man .of integrity and solid worth in the community. He has forty acres of land, all of which is under cultivation. He was married, in 1848, to Miss Emily F. PurgreU', a lady of ability and taste. They have, from their union, four children : Thornton, Katie, Maggie and Enoch. He is a member of the Christian Church, and a liberal contributor toward its support. W. R. CARTER, farmer and stock raiser, section 9, post office Plattsburg. Among the pioneers of Clinton County was Mr. Charles H. Carter, who was a native of Cumberland County, Kentucky. He was justice of the peace of Con- cord Township for several years, and took an active part in developing the agricultural resources of this county, with which he was prominently identified until the time of his death, in- 1870. His son, W. R., was born in Clinton County, Missouri, March 4, 1836, and was there educated, his CONCORD TOWKSHII'. II •earl\- days bcint,' spent in tillin% June 9, 1826. His father, William, was also a native of that state. When J. R. was quite young, the family migrated to Fayette County, residing nine years ; thence to Shelby Count}-. His early days were spent in agricultural pursuits. In 1S54, he came to Missouri, locating in Buchanan County, and engaged in agricultural pursuits, three miles east of St. Joseph, on what is now the John Williams farm. Here he remained until the breaking out of the war, when he became proprietor of a livery stable on Third Street, St. Joseph, and was identified among the horse- men for eleven years, when he returned to his native state, remaining for a time. In 1870, he came to Plattsburg, embarking in trade. Mr. D. is a gentleman of broad views, a business man of long experience, and has attained an enviable reputation for honesty, and fair dealing. 14 BIOGRAPHICAL. He married in 1857, Mrs. Amelia Smith, of Richmond, Kentucky. By this union they have had five children, three of whom are living- Willie, Laura and Ella May. Lost two — Logan and Mattie. W. F. DAVIS, is a native of Buchanan County, Missouri, and was born January 12, 1S40, on Rock House Prairie. His father, Ishmael, was one of the well known pioneers of the Platte Purchase. W. F. was raised and educated in Buchanan County, his boyhood days being devoted to tilling the soil. At the breaking out of the rebellion, his sympathies being with the Con- federate cause, he enlisted in Company E of the First Missouri Cavalry, serving eighteen months, when, on account of his ill-health, he was hon- orably discharged. In 1870, he became a permanent resident of Platts- burg, but previous to this time had been engaged in farming in the southwest portion of Clinton County. For several years he was occu- pied in merchandising at Union Mill, Platte County. After locating in Plattsburg he was engaged in trade for two years, and in 1872 was elected by the Democratic party as sheriff, and re-elected in 1874. For the office of county collector he has been the choice of the people for two terms. In his official capacity Mr. D. was found one of the most efficient. Has been thoughtful, industrious, and attended strictly to the legitimate duties partaining to the relative positions. In commercial circles he is well known, being largely interested in live stock and other branches of trade. He is a man of more than ordinary intelligence, a good financier, and an impressive conversationalist, clothing his ideas with appropriate language. In 1865, Miss Virginia B. Ashbury, of Rich- mond, Ray County, Missouri, an estimable lady, became his wife. They have five children living : William T., Clara, Nannie, Frank, Emma E. Their first-born, Marshall, died a few years ago. Mr. Davis belongs to the M. E. Church South, and is a Master Mason. Politically he has been a life long Democrat. NICHOLAS DENNIS, a prominent farmer and stock raiser, section 36, post office Plattsburg, is a native of Belgium, and was born May 30, 1835. He was there reared to manhood, and educated, and in 1857, emigrated to America, settling in Ohio, and resided in Hardin and Clinton Counties in that state. At the breaking out of the war, he enlisted in Company D, Forty- eighth Regiment, Tenth Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, as a private. He was promoted to sergeant, and afterwards commissioned lieutenant, serving one year. He served four years and seven months. At the close of the war, he returned to Ohio, where he remained till 1871, when he came to this state, and settled in this county, where he now resides. CONCORD TOWNSHIP. I, He has 14P acres of land, 60 of which are under cultivation. He was married December 25, 1873, to Miss Julia Hannafin, a native of Ireland, l-'roin this union they have two children — John N. and Isaac A. They are members of the Catholic Church. JAMES DITMARS, farmer and stock man, section 12, post office Plattsburg, is a son of V. Detmars, a man to whom Clinton County is indebted as much as any agriculturist within its bounds for the active part he has taken in devel- oping its resources. He came to the county in 1837 and opened a farm near Hainesville, that section being then in its primitive state, and has since, although now well advanced in years, been closely identified with the substantial citizens of the county. His son James is a native of Ohio, and was born in Clinton County December 26, 1825, and became a resident of Clinton County, Missouri, in 1837, where he has since been a resident, with the exception of three years spent in the Mexican war. He owns over 350 acres of land in the county, the greater portion of which is in a high state of cultivation. As a stock feeder he is among the largest, and his barn, yards, etc., are well adapted for this industry. His residence, which is commodious, is attractively situated and indi- cates taste and comfort. Mr. D. has been twice married. First in 1849, to Miss Margaret Henderson. By this union they have had nine children : Catherine, C. M. George, Emma, Ida, Cora, Annie, Allie and James L. Mrs. D. died in 1870. In 1873, Mary Burkholder became his wife. The result of this union was four children : Bessie, Alma Grace, Charlie and Rosa. W. B. DOHERTY, farmer and stock raiser, section 10, post office Plattsburg. One of Mis- souri's early settlers, and one who was prominent in the pioneer days in the western part of the state, was Mr. Joseph B. Doherty, who was a native of Bedford County, Tennessee, born February 10, 1799. He came to Missouri, locating in Clay County, in 1824, but had been in the state previous, temporarily, having attended the first land sales at Franklin, in 1818. He was a leading agriculturist, in Clay and Clinton Counties, for a number of years. His death occurred in this county, August 8, 1878. For a time, he was in the employ of the government, at Agency, in Buchanan County, when the loway Indians were located there. His wife, the mother of W. B., was a native of Kentucky, and was born Jan- uary 9, 1S17, and died in Clay County, Missouri, July 31, 1839. Her maiden name was Mary Groom. W. B. was born in Clay County, Mis- souri, November 2ist, 1832, and came to Clinton County in 1851, and has since been a resident on the old homestead. His landed estate con- 1 6 BIOGRAPHICAL. sists of 314 acres. His home is pleasantly situated, and everything per- taining to the place indicates thrift and good management. Mr. D. has been twice married : First, in 1856, to Miss Dortha Ann McKorkle. By this union there were two children : Mary and Octavia. Mrs. D. died in 1870. In 1871, he married Mary E. Winn, of Clinton County. By the latter union there are two children : Joseph T. and Mildred E. Mr. D. is a genial gentleman, possessed of a well disciplined mind, and keeps pace with the progress of the age. He traces his ancestr\- to Irish lineage. JOHN T. DOWNEY, manufacturer of farm and spring wagons, horseshoer and general repairer, and agent for the Champion reapers and mowers, is a native of Ireland, and was born in Count}^ Kerry March 2, 1848. He was brought to America by his parents when one year old, his father, Thomas, locating with his family in Buchanan County, Missouri, where he engaged in agricultural pursuits. In 1866, his death occurred, he having been drowned in Casteel Creek at the site of Royan's store. John T. com- menced to learn the blacksmith trade in St. Joseph in 1863, continuing two and a half years. He followed his trade for a time at Kearne}- and Cameron, and, in 1S65, engaged in business in Plattsburg. He is a thorough and proficient workman, and has built up a good trade. His specialty is plow work, and in this, as in repairing farm machinery, his business will compare favorably with any in the northwest. In 1877, Mr. D. married Miss Marj- A. Hickey. They have one son, Thomas H. HON. GEORGE W. DUNN, was born in Mercer County, Kentucky-, on the 15th da\- of October, 18 15. He was the son of Lemuel and Sarah Reed Dunn, his father d}-ing when his son had reached the age of thirteen years. His early school days were spent in Cain Run Academy, a classical institution, located in the immediate vicinitj- of his home. After leaving Cain Run Academy, (his parents being in limited circumstances,) he taught school a portion of his time, in order to enable him to enter the law school of the Transyl- vania University, at Lexington, Kentuck}-, where he remained during the winters of 1836 and 1837. He graduated in 1S37. Among his class- mates at the university, were Montgomery Blair, afterwards Postmaster General ; Beriah McGoffin, afterwards Governor of Kentucky ; Richard Yates, afterwards Governor of Illinois ; Orlando B. Ficklen, Representa- tive in Congress from Illinois ; O. R. Singleton, Representative from Mississippi, and Samuel H. Woodson, Representative in Congress from Missouri, and others, who achieved honorable distinction in public life. In the spring of 1837, he obtained a license from Judges Roberson and CONCOKI) TOWXSHII' I7 Marshall, of the Court of Appeals of Kentucky, and began the practice of law in the town of Nicholasville, Jessamine County, where he remained until the spring of 1839, 'it which time he came to Missouri, and located in Richmond, Ray Count}'. Here, he immediately resumed the practice of his profession, and de\-oted himself exclusively to it, until 1841, when he received by appointment, his commission as Circuit Attornej- of the Fifth Judicial Circuit, from Governor Reynolds, succeeding Peter H. Burnett, who afterwards became the first Governor of California. He continued to fill the office of circuit attorney until 1848, when he was commissioned judge of the circuit, as the successor of Hon. Austin A. King, who was that year elected governor of the state. In 185 i, occurred the first election of judges in the state, (the offices heretofore having been filled by appointment,) when Judge Dunn was elected by the people. He was again elected in 1857, and continued in office till 1861, when he retired^ declining to take what was called the "Test Oath." In 1863, however, he was again elected judge, and went out of office in May, 1865, under the "Ousting Ordinance," passed by the Drake Constitu- tional Convention. He then resumed the practice of law until 1874, when he was again elected Judge of the old Fifth Circuit. He was re- elected in 1880, for a term of six years, and now (1881) is the judge of that circuit. Judge Dunn was a member of the convention in 1861, which held its first session in St. Louis during that year, and its subsequent sessions at Jefferson City. That convention was called to consider the relations of the state to the Federal government, and established the provisional government of the state, electing Hamilton R. Gamble as Governor. The Judge's associates at the bar, from 1839 to 1848, during the period when he was circuit attorney, were General A. W. Doniphan, General David R. Atchison, Peter H. Burnett, General Andrew S. Hughes, General B. F. Stringfellow, Colonel Wm. T. Wood, Robert D. Ray, Amos Rees, Philip L. Edwards, Ephraim B. Ewing, Elijah H. Nor- ton, and others. He married Susan M. Henderson, of Nicholasville, Kentucky, in May, 1841. They have had five children, all of whom are dead, excepting John H. Dunn, who is now twenty-nine years of age, a lawyer by profession. Judge Dunn is called the " Poet Judge." During the early years of his life, while still in his teens, he became exceedingl)- fond of poetry. Like Burns, he delighted in the scenery surrounding the home of his childhood, the beauty and grandeur of which tended to develop whatever of passion he had for poesy and song. It was during one of his rambles among the crags and cliffs of his native hills, which overlook the picturesque banks of that classic stream, the Kentuck)' River, that he composed the poem entitled " White Cliff Cottage," which was published at the time, and obtained a wide circulation. When about to commence the practice of law, the Judge, concluding that poetry and law were somewhat incompatible, wrote his " Farewell to My Harp," l8 HIOCiRAPHICAL. thinking, at the time, that it would be his last poetical effusion. Not so, however. He was too deeply attached to his early love, to thus rudely and so suddenly cast it off, and during the long years that have followed, he has occasionally turned aside from the stern and solemn duties of the bench, to delight his friends with the mystic notes of his lyre. His poem, entitled " Death of President Garfield," is his last production, and being replete with the spirit and sentiment which filled all hearts at the sad announcement of the death of the President, wc here reproduce it. DEATH OF PRESIDENT GARFIELD. O, God ! Our bleeding hearts are turned to Thee ; Our streaming eyes are raised to heaven above ; In this dark hour, O may our country be Shielded from peril, in Thine arms of love. We weep, because our chosen chief is gone ; O, look in pity on a nation's grief ! No hand can heal our wounds save Thine alone ; None else can bring our burdened souls relief. Dark is the cloud that now obscures our sky ; O, arch it with the rainbow of Thy love, And write upon it : Man, alas, must die. But God still sits upon His throne above. And does this Christian patriot die? O, no, He only passes to a happier sphere ; He rests from all his labors here below, And lives in bliss without a sorrowing tear He wears a crown of glory on his brow, And in his hand he holds a golden lyre; The radiant "summits" charm his vision now. And his voice mingles with the heavenly choir. ALFRED EATON, liveryman, a leading horse fancier of Clinton County, is a native of Canada, and was born November 5, 1842. He came to the United States, with his parents, when six years of age, his father, John Clement, who was a millright, locating with his family at New Santa Fe, Jackson County, Missouri. Here Alfred was raised and educated. In November, 1862, Mr. Eaton enlisted in the Confederate army, in Company A, Sixth Mis- souri Volunteer Infantry, participating in many of the notable events of the war. He was wounded at the battle of Corinth, also at Vicksburg, and taken prisoner, and was captured again at Fort Blakeley ; served until the close of the rebellion, when he was honorably discharged. Returning to Missouri, he located in Plattsburg, his parents having removed to this place during the war, where they eventually died. He was engaged in various pursuits until July, 1877, when he embarked (DNcoKi) lowNsiiir. 19 ill the liver)- business. In 1S74, he was marrieil to AFiss Jennie Tillery, daui^hter of Mr. W. W. Tiller)', one of Clinton County's well known pio- neers. The ha\e had three chikiren, onl)- one of whom survives — Hettie. The two deeeased were luli^ar I I. and Heulah. J. \V. I'T.I.IS, A. M., President of the Plattsbur-, is the name that heads this sketch. His CONCORH TOWNSIIIl'. 25 nursery is conveniently located, adjoining the corporate limits of Platts- burg on a high, rolling prairie, so situated as to be exposed on all sides, whereby the trees are hardened and well suited for transportation to his patrons, who are not confined to Missouri alone, but extend into Kan- sas, Nebraska, Iowa, and to some extent in Illinois. He has an excel- lent orchard that will compare with any in the country, and thousands of apple -trees of the various varieties : pears, cherries, plums, peaches, currants, grapes, strawberries, ornamental trees, and shrubs, roses, plants, bulbs, evergreens, etc., in fact everything that is to be found in a first-class nursery, and all in a healthy and promising condition. The superior railroad facilities Mr. Guyer enjoys is an advantage not easily overestimated, and is highly appreciated by his patrons, as they can receive their trees in a short time after they are taken from the nurser\', it being only a few hundred yards from the depots of Rock Island, and the Wabash, St. Lous & Pacific railroads. He is a proficient nursery- man, and it may be said of him, was literally bred to the business. He believes in combining the practical with the theoretical. He is a native of Ohio, and was born in Carroll County, July 17, 1826. His father Henry, was an agriculturist in that state and the subject of this sketch, when thirteen years of age, turned his attention to the nursery business to which he has since been devoted. He resided in the Buckeye State until 1867, when he became a resident of Clinton County, purchasing his present farm, which consists of 200 acres. He married, in 1847, Miss Sarah J. Thomas, of Ohio. They have five children : Annie, wife of Geo. Essig, Florence, wife of C. W. Shepherd, Jennie, Edwin, and Michael, Jr. Mr. G. is a member of the Good Templars, and himself and family are members of the M. E. Church. REV. W. A. HANNA was born in Callaway County, Missouri, on the first day of November, 1844. He was the second son of Samuel and Susan Hanna, who came to Callaway County from Virginia, at an early day ; attended school at F"ulton, Missouri, and afterward Central College, at Lafayette, Missouri. He began to study for the ministry in 1864, with the Rev. H. A. Bore- land of the Missouri Conference. He was admitted into the traveling connection, in the Missouri Conference, of the M. E. Church, South, at Weston, Missouri, in 1867. His first charge was Irving, Missouri, embrac- ing a large territory on the Big and Little Blue Rivers, in Kansas, where he remained one year. His next charge was the Oskaloosa Circuit, Kan- sas. At the close of the second year, the Western Conference was organ- ized at Leavenworth, Mr. Hanna being a member of that conference, was appointed to the charge of the Leavenworth Circuit. His succeeding charges were Atchison Station, Holton Circuit, Council Gro-ves Station, 20 BIOGRAPHICAL. Kansas, then at Nebraska City, Nebraska, and in September, 1878, was transferred to the Missouri Conference, and given charge of Pla tsburg, Station, where he remained for three years, and has recently been appoint- ed b)' the Missouri Conference, to the Osborn Circuit, which embraces four churches. Mr. Hanna is a member of the Good Templars, and was made a Free Mason in Atchison, Kansas, in 1874. He was married to Miss MoUie Endler of Virginia, in 1872. By this union they have had one child, Annie E., who is now five years of age. Mr. Hanna is a man of fine physique, and like the ministers of his church generally, is entire- 1}- de\oted to his calling, being willing and ready to work in any field of labor, where he can accomplish the greatest good. His ministerial labors at Plattsburg have been crowned with great success, having added to the church at Plattsburg, and the church at Lathrop (which latter was included in his charge), one hundred and forty members. R. W. HOCKADAY, of the firm of R. W. Hockada\- & Brother, the leading hardware and agricultural implement dealers of Plattsburg, was born in Libert)', Clay County, Missouri, P'ebruary 6th, 1845. His father, Isaac N. Hockaday, was a native of Greenup County, Kentucky, and was among the pioneers of Clay County, settling in Liberty, Missouri, in 1842. His mother's maiden name was Fannie Lincoln. Isaac N. moved to Clinton County in 1845, where he engaged in farming, and afterwards, in 1856, in mer- chandising in Plattsburg. He also at one time, sold goods in Atchison, Kansas. He died in April, 1873. R. W. Hockaday is the oldest of a surviving family of five sons and two daughters. He received his edu- cation partly in Plattsburg, and afterwards, in William Jewell College, Liberty, Clay County, Missouri. He was reared to mercantile pursuits, and for the past seventeen yeaj-s has been engaged in the same, From the fall of 1864 to the fall of 1867, he sold goods in Atchison, Kansas. He then returned to Plattsburg, where he employed himself in the grocery, hardware and lumber trade. In January, 1880, in partnership with his brother, William D. Hockaday, he opened a stock of hardware, stoves and agricultural implements in the same town. The firm has prospered abundantly, and they now do an annual business of thirty- five thousand dollars. R. W. Hockaday was married, in 1869, to Miss Bettie Whittington, daughter of Hervey Whittington, a pioneer of the county, and a representative merchant of Plattsburg. They have (1S81) three children, Claude, Anna and Muggy. Politically, Mr. Hockaday has always been a Democrat. WILLIAM DONIPHAN HOCKADAY, of the firm of R. W. Hockaday & Brother, son of Isaac N. and Fannie L. Hockaday, above referred to, was born in Clinton County, Missouri, in 1856, and educated in I'lattsburg. Reared to commercial pursuits^ fur the first three years of his experience in that character of emploj'- inciit, he clerked in liis brother's store. He then entered the banking house of Clay & Funkhouser, where he filled the position of bookkeeper during a period of three years, ending January, 1880, when he associated himself in the agricultural implement, stove and hardware business, with his brother, R. VV. Hockaday, as above stated. In early youth, he united w itii the Christian Church, in I'lattsburg. Politically, he is a Democrat. The place of business of R. W. Hockaday & Brother i.s a spacious and well appearing two-stor\- brick building, thirty feet front, by ninety ■(.leep, ami constitutes a handsome feature of the business quarter of I'lattsburg. HENRY R. HOLLAND, farmer and stock raiser, section 15, post office Plattsburg, was born Octo- ber 18, 1821, in New Hampshire, and when quite young removed to Canada, and later to New \'ork, living for a number of years in the latter state, where he learned the blacksmith trade. His father, Christopher, was a sergeant-major in the British army, serving in the ranks for twenty-five years. The subject of this sketch, after learning his trade, came to Chicago, Illinois, where he resided for a time pursuing his voca- tion, after which he migrated to Berrien County, Michigan, and for a number of years followed various industries. In 1871, he came to Clin- ton County, locating in Plattsburg, where he engaged in the milling business with Moses Shoemaker, and while performing his labors, he was so unfortunate as to be deprived of his right arm, after which he traded his mill interest for his present farm. This consists of 160 acres of choice land, the greater portion of which is surrounded by an excellent hedge, and is divided by cross hedges. Mr. H. is a practical farmer, and although having had many adversities in life, has been eminently suc- cessful. During his sojourn in Clinton County, he has formed a large acquaintanceship, and is popular wherever known. He has been twice married. First in New York, to Miss Bettie Stoughton. Six children, the result of this union, are now living — William F., Emily, E. Ryan, C. Franklin and Charles E. Lost two — Rosa and William. In 1874, Mrs. Holland's death occurred. His present wife, Maggie J. Bell, he married at Savannah, Andrew County. They have two children — Irvin T. and Ella Ma\-. Himself and famii)- are members of the M. K. Church, South. HON. W. 1'. HOOPER, Mayor of Plattsburg, insurance, real estate and government claim agent. Favorably known as a public man, in Missouri, and a gentleman of the finished type, is W. P. Hooper, who was born near Knoxville, Tennessee, 28 BIOGRAPHICAL. January 15, 1836. His father, Abraham, was a native of that state, and a farmer. He was a soldier in the war of 181 2, and fought under Jack- son. The Hoopers are of English extraction. W. H. Hooper, of Utah, and Samuel Hooper, of Massachusetts, well known in political circles, are lineal descendants of the same family. Soon after the Platte Purchase was opened, the senior Hooper migrated with his family, including W. P., to Missouri, locating in Platte County, where he was raised and educated. In i860, he commenced merchandising in Platts- burg, and on the 24th December, i86l, was appointed clerk of the court, after which he sold out his stock of goods, and continued in that office until May 5, 1865, when the Democratic officials were obliged to vacate, the Republicans taking the reins. Mr. Hooper, politically, has been a life long Democrat. He again embarked in mercantile pursuits, in which he was interested until 1872. In 1873, he was chief clerk of the state prison, and again in 1874^ In 1S79, he was docket clerk of the House during the revision session, and was highly complimented for the effi- cacious manner in which he discharged the duties of his office. He is attorney for claims in five departments, at Washington, District of Col- umbia, and in this branch does a large business in connection with insurance and real estate. In 1871, he was the people's choice for Mayor of the Cit}' of Plattsburg, and was re-elected in 1872. Was again elected in 1880, and re-elected in 1881. This is prima facie evidence of the satisfaction he has given as an incumbent of this position. Mr. H. took a leading part in the organization of the Presbyterian Church in Platts- burg, which event transpired in April, 1861, he being the clerk, and one of the elders. Few men have contributed more amply in the cause of advancing religion, and the general morals of Plattsburg, than Mr. H. He has been three times married ; first, in 1857, to Miss Sally Arnold. She died, leaving four children : Artie, Mattie, William P. and James A. For his second wife, he married Miss Fanny Arnold, by whom he had one daughter, Fanny Gertrude. In 1873, Miss Alice McClellan became his wife. The result of this union is two children, Lester B. and Jefferson V. S. G. HOOVER, farmer and stock raiser, post office Plattsburg, is a native of Pennsylva- nia, and was born in Franklin County, January 8, 1S41. His father. Christian, was also a native of the same place, and S. G. was there reared and educated, following the occupation of farming until 1871, when he came to Missouri, locating in Clinton County, on his present farm, which consists of 80 acres, conveniently located to Plattsburg. He is a practi- cal farmer, and few are more successful in this branch of industry. He married in 1866, Miss Nannie J. Miller, of Cumberland County, Pennsyl- \-ania. By this union they have had seven children — Ira, Mary, Charlie. Georgie, Ellen, Susan and Martha. Himself and family arc identified with the German Baptist Church. MASON HORD, dealer in dry goods, notions, groceries, etc., Plattsburg, is a native of Mason County, Kentucky, and was born October 21, 1823. His father, Abner, was a farmer, and in later years of his life, he was actively engag- ed in railroad enterprises, and was president of the Maysville & Lexing- ton Railroad, and died soon after its completion. When Mason attained his fourteenth year, he became a clerk in the store of his uncle, Mr. A. S. Parker, at Frankfort, and there remained until he attained his major- ity. In 1847, he came to Missouri, and engaged in general merchandise, at Harr\-, Clay County, purchasing the stock of his brother-in-law, IMr. I. M. Summers, who was among the first business men of Claj- Count)-. After remaining one j-ear at Barry, he removed to Liberty, where he sold goods four years, thence to Parkville, Platte County, where for several years was prominently identified in mercantile pursuits. In 1859, l^e came to Clinton County, and settled on a farm seven miles west of Plattsburg, which he cultivated until the close of the war, when he opened a store in Plattsburg, in December, 1869. Since he became a resident of Clinton County, he has proved himself a worthy citizen, and few men arc more highly esteemed. He married, August 21, 1845, Miss Elmira Summers, of Fleming County, Kentucky, daughter of Jesse Summers, who came to Missouri, and died in Platte County, in his seventy-fourth year. Their family consists of seven children : Richard, born Sept- ember 9, 1846; Mary E., born September 11, 1848; Annie Belle, born May 6, 1854; Nellie, born August 30, 1861 ; Eveline, born August 24, 1863 ; William J., born March 1 1, 1866 ; Hattie, born May 15, 1S68. Lost three : Adelaide, Caroline and Abner. ' JAMES HOWE, farmer and stock raiser, section 18, post office Plattsburg, is a native of New York, and was born in Montgomery County, August 22, 1809, and was there reared and educated. After attaining his majority, he came to Fort Wayne, Indiana, and embarked in the grain trade, and for twenty-five years he was one of the leading business men of that city. He next went to Leavenworth, Kansas, and engaged in the insurance business. In 1871, he came to Plattsburg, and in 1875, located where he now resides. During his long sojourn in the west, he has traveled con- siderably in California and other sections. He is a gentleman of broad views, well posted in the current events of the day, and a successful farmer and stock raiser. He has been twice married. First, in 1828, to Miss Sarah Holiday, of New York, now deceased. His present wife, Mary Smith, he married in 1868. Mr. H. is a strong believer in Spirituah'sm, and in that doctrine can advance very strong and convincing arguments. COL. JOHN T. HUGHES, (deceased.) Col. John T. Hughes was born in Jessamine Count}-, Ken- tucky, July 25, A. D. 1817, and was the si.\th of a family often children, eight sons and two daughters. In the fall of 1821, just after the state had been admitted into the Union, his father, Samuel M. Hughes, moved to Howard County, Missouri. His grandfather was Joseph Hughes, who married Sarah Swan, a lady of distinction in Kentucky, in its early set- tlement. His mother was Nancy Price, who was the daughter of Col. William Price, of Jessamine County, Kentucky. He was a brave soldier of the Revolution, and was captain of the Life Guard of General Wash- ington during the revolutionary struggle. He was a cousin to Pugh Price, the father of General Sterling Price. Col. Hughes' ancestors were from Wales, and moved to this country and settled in Pennsyl- vania, early in the seventeenth century. In Howard County he received his primary education. He was passionately fond of his books, and was greatly admired by all for his manliness and his unabating industry. About the year 1840, he entered Bonne Femme College, located in Boone County, this state, about six miles south- east of Columbia. At this time this institution was under the control of Professors Roach and Cunningham. These men were dis- tinguished for their learning. He prosecuted his studies with such energy that his health became impaired, and in order to regain what he had lost, he joined a surveying company, and for several months his life was spent in camp. He resumed his studies, and about the year 1843, he graduated with distinguished honors. This college was merged into the State University, located in Columbia. Col. Hughes, after leaving his Alma Mater, taught school for several j-ears. He first taught in Richmond, Ray County ; after this in Randolph County, and in 1846, when the war broke out between the United States and Me.xico, he was teaching school in Liberty, Clay County. When a call for volunteers was made bj- the president, James K. Polk, he quickly responded, and joined the company from Clay County, O. P. Moss being captain of the company. At a subsequent date, General A. W. Doniphan was elected colonel of the regiment to which this company belonged, and was ordered to march against the states of Chihuahua, Santa F"e, and others. After the war had ended with honor and success to the American arms. Col. Hughes wrote and published a book of 407 pages, entitled " Doni- phan's Expedition." This book was published in Cincinnati by J. A. & W. P. James, A. D. 1848, and distributed extensively over Missouri and other western states. In August, 1848, he was married to Mary L. Car- penter, of Liberty, Clay County. She was born in Versailles, Kentucky, April \2. A. D. 1829, and was of P^nglish descent. To them were born five sons : I'aley C, Roland, I'",dward T., Henry C. and Tyre C. In 'he earl)' part of the year 1849, he made a public profession of religion, and united with the Baptist Church, in Liberty, Clay County, and adhered to the end of his life with great tenacity, to his faith in the Christian religion. About this time of the same year (1849) he was appointed r -ceiver of moneys in the land office, then located in Plattsburg, Clinton Count)', b)- Zachary Taylor, and continued in this office for four years. During his connection with this office, he bought and entered about one thousand acres of land in Clinton County. This land he improved, together with many lots he owned in Plattsburg, applying his means and talents to the improvement of his county and its county seat. He was also a friend to education, and as commissioner of schools, he greatl)- aided in building up the common school s)-stem in Clinton County. In 1854, he was elected to the Legislature upon the Whig ])latform, and was conspicuous in the debates upon the Omnibus Railroad bill, and other bills of state interest, which were then agitating the Gen- eral As.sembly of Missouri. General Sterling Price was then governor of Missouri. From boyliood Col. Hughes was passionately fond of the principles of the Whig party, but the opposition of this party to the prosecution of the Mexican war, lessened his attachment to it, and when it merged into the Know Nothing organization, he refused longer to give it support, after which he acted with the Democratic party. In 1S61, when the war broke out between the states, he espoused the Southern cause, and under Governor Jackson's call for fifty thousand men, he was elected captain of a company from Clinton County. But when the vol- unteers were called south of the river, to a place of general rendezvous, for the purpose of electing state officers, he was elected colonel of the I-'irst Regiment of the Missouri State Guards. But as Governor Jackson and the Legislature of the state were driven out of the state by Federal [)o\\er, the State Guards being rendered powerless, Col. Hughes, and man)- others, joined the Confederate service, and when they convened at , for the purpose of electing Confederate officers, he was elected colonel of the P^irst Regiment of the Army of the West, under (leneral Price, and others. He was a sagacious officer, and was brave to a fault. His disposition was, as an officer, never to order a man to go where he was not willing to lead him. At the battle of Wilson Creek, near Springfield, Missouri, his men were stationed immediately opposite General Lyon and his regular troops. These were the bravest and best disciplined troops on the Federal side. The battle was fought on both sides with great desperation, Col. Hughes having two horses shot from under him, and his regiment cut to pieces. His brother, Lieutei^uit 32 BIOGRAPHICAL. Samuel S. Hughes, was killed in the heat of the contest. So much had his regiment become distinguished for its bravery, that through the whole army of General Price it was known as the " Bloody First," and when General Price was advancing on Col. Mulligan, then well fortified at Lexington, the army was halted, and it is stated that Col. Hughes' regiment was brought in front and placed at the brow of the hill, near the enemy, in order to cut off their supply of water. It was claimed for him bj' his men, that he first originated the idea of the portable hemp- bale breastworks, used so successfully against the enemy. After the battle at Pea Ridge, Col. Hughes, together with General Price's whole army, marched to Memphis, east of the Mississippi River, where he remained until about August, 1862, when he was sent back to Missouri, for the purpose of raising a new brigade of men, and when he had advanced north as far as Jackson County, this state, he, with about 300 men, attacked the Federals, then fortified at Independence, under the command of Col. Buell. The contest was long and bloody. The Fed- erals surrendered, but Col. Hughes, together with Col. Boyd, Major Hart, Captain Clark, and others, were killed and wounded. Col. Hughes was killed dead on the field, having received a shot through the head. Thus ended the life of one of the bravest and most sagacious officers con- nected with the civil war between the states. NEWTON HUGHES, the son of James and Elvira A. Hughes, was born in Ra)' County Mis- souri, in 1855, on a farm eight miles northeast of the town of Richmond. He attended the schools of the county, in the immediate vicinity of his home, remaining at Liberty school until he entered Richmond College, located at the county seat of Ray County. Here he continued for three years, where he received a fair education. Upon leaving Richmond College, he entered the bank of Salsbury, in Chariton County, Missouri. Here he remained for two years, giving entire satisfaction to his em- ployers. He then returned to the farm, where he followed agricultural pursuits for six months. He then became a clerk in the dry goods house of Holt & Hughes, in Richmond. In January, 1880, he came to Platts- burg, Clinton County, Missouri, and entered the banking house of Clay & Funkhouser, as their book keeper, which position he now (1881) fills. Mr. Hughes is a young man of great energy, and strict integrity of character, and by his unassuming manners, and good habits, has won the esteem and respect of all who know him. ROLAND HUGHES, attorney at law and abstractor of titles, was born in Plattsburg, on the 30th of March, 1852, and there attended the common schools. He after- CONCORD TOWXSllII'. 33 wards entered a college, for the purpose of undergoing a further course, but was prevented on account of failing health. He commenced the study of law, reading in the office of Governor Ingalls, and was admitted to the bar. Subsequently, he was elected prosecuting attorney, and served for four years. In November, 1874, he was again elected to the same position, which he filled for two terms. Mr. Hughes was mar- ried to Miss Maud E. Steele, of Kansas, February 27, 1880. The result of this union was one child. Count Steele. He is a Mason, was Worship- ful Master during 18S0, and belongs to the Missionary Baptist Church. CHARLES INGLES. son of Anthon\- Ingalls, a prominent merchant of Clinton, New Jersey, was born in Auburn, New York, February 26, 1826. He was the fifth of a family of eight children. He attended school in Auburn till he was fourteen years of age, when he entered Skaneateles Academy, New York. After three years residence in this institution, he went to the State of Ohio, where he entered Twinsburg Institute, a Presbyterian college. In 1846, he was graduated here with the degree of A. B. He then moved to Kentucky and settled in Carrollton, where he had charge of an academy until 1853. In the meantime, he had devoted considera- ble time to the study of law, and now entered the law school of Judge Pryor, in Louisville. In the spring of 1S54, he passed his examination before Chancellor Pyrtle and Judge James A. Pryor, and was admitted to the bar with Henry Crittenden, a brother of T. T. Crittenden, present Governor of Missouri. He then engaged in the practice of law in Car- rollton, where he continued till the spring of 1855, when he moved to Missouri and settled in Plattsburg, where he has since continued to reside in the practice of his profession, meeting with unqualified suceess. For the period of fi\'e years immediately preceding its close, he prac- ticed in the land office in that town. In 1S48, while a resident of Carroll- ton, Kentucky, he married Miss Poll}- Ann O'Neal, a daughter of James O'Neal, of that place. They have two children : Mary W., graduate of the class of 18S1, of the Boston, Massachusetts, Conservatory of Music, and, at present, a teacher in one of its departments, and Anna, a grad- uate in the class of 1875, of Vassar College, New York, and wife of M. S. Peters, an attorney at law, resident of Kansas City, Missouri. Mr. Ingles has been, all his life, a Democrat. He is a member of no religious organization, and has always entertained and expressed liberal views with reference to theological dogmata. The old family name was Ingalls. The change to the present orthography was the result of a whim on the part of Mr. Ingalls and two of his brothers, when children at school. He is a representative citizen of the county and ranks with the leaders of the bar in his section of the state. 34 BIOGRAPHICAL. WILLIAM JOHNSTON, liveryman, is a well known citizen of Clinton County. He is a native of Indiana, and was born in Kosciusko County, August 22, 1833. In 1837, his father, John, with his family, including William, emigrated to Missouri, locating in Clinton County, ten miles northwest of Plattsburg, being among the first families in that section. The senior Johnston, was a brick mason by trade, and at an early day plied his vocation in Clinton and adjoining counties, in erecting chimneys, etc. Young Wil- liam was reared to manhood, in Clinton County, following the pursuit of his early days, that of farming, until the spring of 18S0, when he engaged in the livery business. Mr. Johnston possesses those traits which make him popular, with all who form his acquaintance. He was married in 185 1, to Miss Elizabeth Livingstone, daughter of John Living- stone, one of the pioneers of Northwest Missouri. They have four child- ren : John O., Charles T., Louisa J. and William D. Himself and family, are identified with the Christian Church. REV. M. R. JONES, Presiding Elder of the Plattsburg Circuit of the M. E. Church South, was born in White County, Tennessee, December 27, 1820. His father, Byron Jones, and his mother, Fannie, nee Frazer, were natives of Vir- o-inia. The son spent his early days, in his native state, on a farm, and received his primary education in a select school. When eighteen years of age, he commenced clerking in a store. The family afterwards removed to Illinois, where his father died. In the spring of 1844, Mr. Jones came to St. Louis, and, the following spring, to Platte County, and engaged in teaching school. He had a long cherished desire to enter the ministry, and his leisure hours were spent in study, with that duty in view. After receiving his license to preach, his first charge embraced the territory lying between the Platte and the Missouri Rivers, extending near what is now St. Joseph. In 185 1, he came on the Plattsburg Circuit, and services were held in the Log Church, and occupied as an office by Doctor Essig. He continued his relations with the Plattsburg Circuit two years, during which time he inaugurated the movement for building the Academy, which is now the Plattsburg Col- lege. He then removed to Liberty, Clay County, where he was stationed one year, and returned to Plattsburg, and, through his efforts, the academy was completed, which was conducted under the auspices of the M. E. Church South, until the outbreak of the civil war. In 1S64, he went to Illinois, and labored faithfully for ten years. In 1874, he returned to Missouri, and was stationed at Richmond, and for four years was on the St. Charles Circuit, and, in the autumn of 1880, once more CONCORD TOWNSIlir. 35 made his home in Plattsburg. It is the privilege ofbut a few to be the instruments, in the hand of the Master, for the accomplishment of such a work, and to witness the result of his labors, to such a degree as has taken place in the life and experiences of Elder Jones. He has not only proved himself an acceptable and instructive preacher and success- ful pastor, but has a remarkable executive ability in the bulling of churches, and the numerous houses of worship scattered throughout this and adjoining counties, connected with the society to which he has long been devoted, arc monuments of his faithfulness, and witnesses of his labors, in the the great moral vineyard. His life has been one of cease- less activity, and remarkable for energy and courage, and he has enjoyed, in an unusual degree, the confidence and respect of the community in which he has lived. He was married, in 1843, to Miss Nancy Wilson, of Tennessee. They have three children : Carrie, Randolph P., pastor of a church at Edina, Knox County. Missouri, and William Riley. Lost one daughter, Julia. F. KENNEDY, of F. & C. T. Kennedy, grocers and produce dealers, is a native of Garrard County, Kentucky, and was born January 30, 1836; was there raised, educated and resided until 1854, when he came to Missouri, arriving at Liberty in October of that ye^r. He soon after engaged in merchandis- ing at Parkville, Platte County, continuing until the breaking out of the rebellion, when the Confederate cause received his support, and he enlisted in the First Missouri Cavalry under Col. Yates, and participated in many of the stirring events of the war; eventually was captured at Blackwater, Mississippi, and was held a prisoner one year. After the war he settled in St. Joseph, and was for a time identified with its business interests. In i866, he took up his abode in Plattsburg, and for a while was engaged in general merchandising, and for a few years was owner and proprietor of the Clinton House. For the past three years he has been one of the leading grocers in the city. His son, C. E., is associated with his father in the business. Mr. K. has been twice married, first in 1857, to Miss Lucy Arnold, of Clay County, Missouri, who died leaving one son, C. E. His present wife, whom he married in 1867, was Miss Hattie Wells. By this marriage they have had five children — Robert T., Mack, Ida, Willie and Allen. HENRY KLEIN, baker and grocer, is a native of Germany, and was born in Bavaria Sep- tember 4, 1S40. \\'hen Henry was quite young his parents died, and in 1856, with two brothers and a sister, he came to the L^nited States, lo- cating in New York, where he learned the baker's trade and resided until 36 BIOGRAPHICAL. the breaking out of the war. In August, 1861, he tendered his services to the Union cause, enlisting in Company I First New York Cavalry. He participated in thirteen hard fought battles on the Potomac; was severely wounded and had his horse shot under him, and was honorably discharged August 22, 1864, at Harper's Ferry, Virginia. Resided tem- porarily in St. Louis and other points until 1869, when he embarked in trade at Richmond, Ray County, continuing until 1871, when he took up his residence in Plattsburg. The greater portion of the time he has been engaged in the hotel and restaurant business. He is a superior baker, and in this important branch has attained considerable celebrity. In 1867, Miss Eliza Shott, of St. Louis, became his wife. By this union they have had six children — George C, Harry E., Freddie C, Willie E., Minnie L. and Bertha E. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. G. B. LANCASTER. superintendent of Clinton Count_\- I'oor Farm, is well and fa\orably known throughout Clinton Count)'. He is a native of Kentuck)-, and was born in Daviess County, May 15, 1828, was there educated and reared until 1844, and in that year, the mother, with the family, removed to Missouri, locat- ing in Buchanan County, the father having died when G. B. was quite young. In 1845, the family located in Clinton County, three miles east of Plattsburg, on a farm. In 1850, Mr. Lancaster went to California, and for two years, followed mining. He then returned to Missouri, and located in DeKalb County, where he lived three years, thence to Texas remaini,ng one year, and then returned to Clinton County. In 1879, h^ took charge of county farm, which, under his skillful management, is in a substantial condition. Mr. Lancaster, has been twice married, first in 1848, to Miss Rebecca Jane Roberts. By this union they had twelve children : Sarah J., Mary E., George H., Littleton M., E. Ann, William G., John T., Fannie M.. Emma A., Ira R., and two died in infancy. Mrs. L. died in 1869. He married for his second wife, Miss Ella Martin, in 1870. By this mar- riage they have had five children : Charles F., Eva M., Luella, Rosa M. and Luetta Pearl. J. J. LEAKE, furniture dealer and undertaker. Is a native of Missouri and was born in Saline County, February 11, 1836. His father, Benjamin Franklin Leake, was from Mason County, Kentucky, and among the early settlers of La Fayette County, Missouri. When sixteen years of age, J. J. com- menced and learned the carpenter trade. He received the benefits of a good education, employing, to an advantage, his early opportunities. For a number of \-ears he followed school teaching. In i85i,he came to Clinton Countv, which he has made his home two-thirds of the time CONCORD lOWNSHIl'. IJ since. For a number of years he worked at the carpenter trade, at dif- ferent points, and was for a time engaijed in the furniture trade at Orrick, Ray Count)-. He also worked in the car department of the Chicago & Northwestern Railway Company. Four or five years ago he established in trade at Plattsburg, being favorably known throughout the county as a first-class workman, and his affable demeanor, has built up a lucrative business. He keeps thoroughly familiarized with the current news of the times, and is a man of excellent judgment. He married, in i860. Miss Margaret Goode, of Ray County. By this union they have had six children, five of whom are living : Ida Florence, Ellen Jose- phene, C. Franklin, William Arthur, Elizabeth Ann ; lost one daughter, Matilda A. Mr. and Mrs. Leake, and oldest daughter, are members of the Baptist Church. The Leakes are of English ancestry. The father of J. J. has, for many )-ears, been a resident of Ray County. RICHARD COLE LINDSAY, one of the representative pioneers of the west, was born at Lindsay Station, Scott County, Kentucky, December 25, 1795. His parents, Anthony and Alice Lindsay, were natives of Virginia, who emigrated to Kentucky in an early day. Lindsay's Station, settled by Anthony Lind- sa}-, was for many years the frontier settlement of that section, and a noted stockade fort against the Indians. He was the third of a family ton children, six sons and four daughters. He was raised a farmer, and lived in the fort, his father's habitation, till he attained his majority^ when he' married Miss Julia Herndon Bond, daughter of Walker and Susan Bond, both natives of Virginia, and among the earliest settlers of Scott County, Kentucky. On his marriage, he moved to Gallatin County, Kentucky, where he began the battle of life in a srnall cabin, with no capital, but energy and a determination to achieve success. He contin- ued to reside there till 1856, when he moved, permanently, to Missouri. While in Kentucky, he became prominent as a breeder of fine stock, and in 1S37, it was through his influence, mainly, that the first agricultural fair held in that section of the state occurred at Big Lick, in Gallatin County. Over this institution he presided during the first four years of its existence. In 1S40, he took to Callaway County, Missouri, a herd of fine graded cattle, the pioneer importation, of that character, into that part of the state. While a resident of his native state, he was almost constantly in an official position of some kind. He was, successively, justice of the peace, assessor, and sheriff of the county. He was also generally recognized as a public and private arbitrator of differences, being frequently appointed a special commissioner, not only by his own but by neighboring counties, for that duty. For the hospitality prover- bial as existing in that age and locality, the house of Richard Lindsay 3S BIOGRAPHICAL. was especially noted. His education was acquired in such schools as existed in that section of the countr}- where he was born, and of these advantages he made abundant use. After his first visit to Missouri, in 1840, he made several return trips, and, being highly pleased with the country, sent, at subsequent periods, his children, as they became of age, to settle there. In 1856, he moved, himself, permanently, to Missouri, and settled in Shoal Township, Clinton County, near the present (1881) line of Lathrop Township. Here he continued to reside till the }ear 1864, when, with a daughter, Mrs. James B. Green, he moved to his present home in Jackson Township. It was not until the spring of 1880, that his mental and physical energies began to manifest any marked decline. He has had fourteen children, four sons and ten daughters. The four sons and six of the daughters attained to maturity. These were : Edward E., D. Herndon, R. P., John T., Mar}- E., wife of George B. White, of Atchison, Cassandra, who married A. W. Osburn (she died some time after), Sarah Jane, wife of Captain John G. Scott, Alice, wife of A. S. Fry, of Clinton County, Julia H., wife of James B. Green. The other children died }-oung. MAJOR DAVID HERNDOX LINDSAY, A. M., was born September 29, 1S27. in Gallatin, now Carroll County, Kentucky. He was one of a family of fourteen children, and was the second son and sixth child of Richard Cole Lindsay, above referred to as now living in Jackson Township at the advanced age of eighty-six years. Major L. was raised on a farm and educated in the common schocTls of his county, attending the same at different times till he achieved his nine- teenth year, when he entered Franklin College, Indiana, where he remained till some time after he had entered the senior year, when, in consequence of sickness, he left without taking his baccalaureate degree. The institution, however, in recognition of the superior character of his attainments, afterwards conferred on him the degree of A. M. This was in 185 1, when he moved to Missouri, settling first in Hainesville, where he immediately engaged in teaching. Here, in February, 1853, he married Miss Emma Hubbard, daughter of Col. Moses Hubbard, of Cla\- Count)-. He then mo\ed to LaFaj-ette County, Missouri, where he taught in the Glendale Academy three j-ears. His compensation here during his first year's experience was fift}- dollars per month. At the end of the second year he was paid at the rate of $80 per month for the preceding ten months without any demand on his part ; and, for his ser- vices during the third, he was paid at tlie rate of $100 jaer month. In March, 1856, he moved to Miami, Saline County, where he established Saline Female Institute, which prospered abundantly till the breaking out of the civil war. On the day on which he dismissed his school, the CON'COKl) TOWXSIIII'. 39 same numbered one hundred and twenty pupils. From the different edu- cational institutions presided over and taught by Professor Lindsay over forty lad\- teachers have, at different times, been sent. The breaking out of the civil war, however, ended these peaceful and useful pursuits on the part of the Professor, now about to embark in the sterner realities of war. On the sixteenth of June, 1861, he left Miami, as lieutenant of a company raised in that locality, and of which Captain Smith was com- mander. On reaching Lexington, Missouri, however, Smith failing to be l)resent. Lieutenant Lindsay was elected to command the company, a member of Colonel Hughes' regiment from Clinton Count)-. The first battle in which he engaged was Carthage, Missouri. At W^ilson's Creek he became separated from his command and was captured. On the second night, however, he effected his escape and rejoined his command. He served under Price in the Confederate army during the entire period of the war. In August, 1S61, he was promoted to the rank of major, commanding a battalion in General Parsons' State Guard division. At Pea Ridge, Major L. commanded, by special order of General Price, the division of General Parsons, who was then absent in Richmond, Virginia. In this fight, the hardest contest was sustained by the regiment of Colonel Burbage and the command of Major (acting brigadier-general) Lindsay, these losing fully one-fourth of their men. On the march to Memphis, Major L. was taken sick and never fully recovered from the effects of the attack till after the close of the war, though he remained in active service during the entire period. In 1859, his first wife died, leaving one daugh- ter, Leora S., present (1881) wife of T. W. Walker. At the breaking out of the civil war, he was engaged to be married to Miss Lucy C. Nichol- son, daughter of William P. Nicholson, Esq., of Cooper County. In view of the distracted condition of the country, it was decided to defer the marriage till the close of the war. Miss Nicholson was earnestly de\-oted to the cause of the South, and, after the battle of Boonville, estab- lished a hospital for the Confederate wounded, which she assisted in tending, several months, till the last patient was able to be moved. Dur- ing the winter of i86i-'62, she was in Springfield, Missouri, actively engaged, with other ladies, in preparing and providing clothing for the soldiers. On her return home to Boonville, in the spring of 1862, she was arrested as a dangerous rebel, by Colonel Eppstein, a recently pro- moted vender of beer and bologna sausage, who proceeded to display his courage and magnanimity by confining her in prison for the period of eight weeks, at the end of which time she was released by General T. T. Crittenden, now (1881) governer of the State, who had just arrived and been informed of the outrage. She then went to Howard County, Missouri, where she engaged in teaching school. While there she inspired sufficient terror, to cause, at the command of Colonel Dick, the provost-marshal, her arrest by a force of forty men. Colonels James S. 40 BIOGRAPHICAL. Rollins, Odon Guitar and others interested themselves to have the lady released. Dick, however, had her taken to St. Louis and incarcerated in Gratiot Street prison. She was one of the only two ladies ever imprisoned in this place. At the end of four weeks she was removed to the female prison in the city. She was subsequently banished with a number of other ladies to Okolona, Mississippi. Traveling thence, in com- pany with the wife of General Frost, she reached Pine Bluff, Arkansas, and on the 22d of July, 1863, was married, at the general's headquarters, to Major Lindsay. She remained with the army till the close of the war, devoting much of her time to the aid and comfort of the soldiers. By means iof tableaux, theatrical exhibitions, etc., principally inaugurated by herself, the means of clothing an entire brigade at Washington, Arkansas, were realized. At the close of the war. Major Lindsay returned to Kentucky, where he filled the position of assistant principal of Con- cord College, in Owen County. In 1867, he was elected Professor of Latin and Mathematics in Ghent College, Kentucky. In 1870, he was elected President of Warsaw Male and Female College, which position he filled till 1876, when he removed to Missouri and settled in Clinton County. While in Kentucky, he was, in 1873, elected a member from the Twenty-third Senatorial District to the Legislature of the State. His district included the counties of Owen, Gallatin and Boone. He left for Missouri before the expiration of his term of office. From 1876 to 1878, he filled, with ability, the position of Principal of the Plattsburg Public Schools. In 1878, he was elected Clerk of the Circuit Court of Clinton County — for the term of four years. Major Lindsay has, by his second marriage, two children, Richard H. and Mary G. He has, from his early boyhood, been a member of the Missionary Baptist Church. Politically he has always been a Democrat. ELDER G. W. LONGAN, pastor of the Christian Church, is a native of Missouri, and was born in Howard County, December 31, 1819. His father, Austin K., was a native of Virginia, and his mother, Martha Litchworth, was a native of Maryland. His father is of Irish ancestry, and the mother of English origin. His grandfather Litchworth, was a soldier in the Revolutionary War. When the subject of this sketch was about one year old, the family removed to Cooper County, Missouri. The father was a brick mason by trade, and, for a number of years, was identified with the build- ing interests of Boonville. He was also well known as a public man- having represented the county at three different periods in the Legislature, and had the honor of being the first from Cooper County. Here young Longan, was reared and educated, entering the ministry in 1847. His first charge, was in Cooper County. In 1852, he removed to Warsaw, COXCOKD TOWNSHII'. 4 1 Benton County, continuing until the close of the war, when his labors were changed to Pettis Cnunty, where he lived for some years, thence to VVarrensburg, Johnson County, afterwards at Richmond, Ray County, and in 1877, took charge of the Plattsburg Church. During his pastorate in Missouri, Elder Longan, has done much towards the establishment of the moral sentiments, and the advancement of the cause of Christ. His career has been an active, useful and successful one. The churches that have been erected through his efforts, and societies formed in different parts of the state, during the- long period of his ministry, are evidences of his untiring zeal and energy, in the interest of the Master, and his devotion to the society, with which he is connected. He is a thorough bible scholar, a good logician, and a clear, comprehensive and impressive speaker, as a pastor, faithful to every duty, and, as a contributor to the organs of his denomination, he being associate editor of The Christian, published in St. Louis, has achieved a well earned reputation. He has marked social powers, which have gained the love and esteem of his friends and acquaintances. He married Miss Myra P. Reaves, of Cooper County, Missouri, November 12, 1840. Their family consists of seven children : William H., Maria C, now Mrs. W. L. Black, of Pettis County, Missouri, Patrick Henry, Geo. B., a teacher in the Kansas City Public Schools, Mary E., wife of J. H. Stone, of Clinton County, Martha E., wife of H. C. Upton, and James A. GEORGE W. LOTT. This genial young gentleman is a native of Clinton County, Mis- souri, and was born July 4, 1858. His father, Fountain P. Lott, was among the pioneers, and was closely identified with the development of the county, until 1877, when he located in Atchison County. George \V. was reared in his native county, and received a good education at the State Normal School. J. M. LOWE, attorney and counsellor at law, and present prosecuting attorney, ranks as one of the leading lawyers of the Clinton County bar. He is a native of Kentucky, and was born in Pendleton County, December 13, 1S44. His father, Moses, was a native of Kentucky, and his grandfather, Lowe, was from Virginia. His mother, formerly Miss Nancy W. Porter, was a native of Kentucky. His nationality he traces to English and Scotch ancestry. J. ^L spent his youthful days in Kentucky, receiving the ben- efits of a common school education. In 1S63, he commenced the study of law, at Greenfield, Lidiana, and after being admitted to the bar, prac- ticed in the courts in that locality until 1869. In 1870, he became a res- ident of Plattsburg. In 1872, he was elected prosecuting attorney, and 42 BIOGRAPHICAL. re-elected in 1878, as the popular choice for that important office, and was also elected his own successor in 1S80. Mr. Lowe has attained a well-merited reputation, and an established fitness as a prosecuting attorney. As a man, he is genial and companionable, commanding in a large degree the respect of his fellow-citizens. In March. 1876, Miss Mar}- E. McWilliams became his wife. She was a resident of Jackson Count}', Missouri, and a native of Kentuck}-. The\" have b\- this union two children, Roger and Florence M. Mr. L. is a Mason and a member of the Knights of Honor. LYONS & CONNER, dealers in dry goods, clothing, boots and shoes, hats, caps, carpetry, etc., are numbered among the leading merchants of Plattsburg. The firm is composed of E. M. Lyons and W. H. Conner. The former is a native of Jefferson County, Kentucky, and was born March 26, 1842. His boyhood days were spent in Carroll County, where he was reared and educated. He had an extensive mercantile experience in Louisville, Kentucky. For several }'ears he was well known to the traveling pub- lic as the popular host of the Carthright House, of that city. In 1863, he came to Plattsburg, but returned to Kentucky in 1864, and in 1S65, he again became a resident of Plattsburg, and engaged in his present business. William H. Conner is also a native of Kentucky, and was born in Greenup County, February 26, 1834. His father, the Hon. Wil- liam Conner, was an eminent attorney, and prominent in political mat- ters, being a Democrat of the old school. For eight years he was a member of the state senate, and six years of the lower house. The youth of W. H. was spent in his native state until 1852, when he came to Missouri, and the same year he crossed the plains to California, and for ten years was employed by different companies as train master, and earned an enviable reputation in this occupation. In 1867, he came to Plattsburg, and was associated in business with Hooper, Porter & Co., until he formed a partnership with Mr. Lyons, in 1870. Their career as business men is well known to the residents of Clinton Count}-, and their reputation for honesty and fair deeling, is as wide as their acquaintance, and is recognized as such by a host of appreciative patrons. They have a branch store at Starfield, in the northern part of the county, which is an important adjunct to their large and increasing business. WILLIAM Mcdonald, farmer and stock raiser, section 5, post office Plattsburg. The subject of this sketch is a nati\-e of Kentuck}-, and was born in January, 1817. At the age of fifteen, he emigrated to this state, and settled in Callaway CON'CORl) TOWXSHir. 43 Count}-, where he remained about two years, after which time he removed to Platte County. He subsequently emicjrated to Oregon, where he remained five years, and then returned to this state and set- tled in this count)-. He is, trul\-, a self-made man, having worked his way from an humble station in life to the position he now occupies. Mr. McD. has sevent\--three acres of good, average land, most of which is under cultivation. He was married, February i6, 184S, to Harriet Swearingen. They have two children, Sophia L. and Laura J. Mr. and Mrs. McDonald are members of the Methodist Church, and contribute liberally toward its support. THOAIAS H. McKEE, farmer and stock raiser, section t,^, post office Lathrop. This popular agriculturist, although young in years, is, ne\'ertheless, one of our rep- resentative farmers. He is a nati\e of Pennsylvania, and was born August II, 1848. He emigrated to this state in 1867, and settled in this county. Having been reared a farmer, he still follows that occupation, and owns 200 acres of good land, all of which is under cultivation. He is also a stock dealer of considerable prominence. Mr. McKee was married, August 4, 1868, to Miss Mattie B. Thomas. They have had five children : Joseph E., William A., Marshall P. (now deceased), Martha Z. and Mildred M. Mr. and Mrs. McKee are members of the Presbyte- rian Church. THOMAS ?>IcMICHAEL, an early settler and representati\e citizen of Clinton Count)-, was born in Xenia, Greene Count)-, Ohio, Ma)- 22, 18 10. His parents, who were natives of the neighborhood of Louisville, Kentucky, moved to Ohio in an early day. He was the youngest of a family of three children, two sons and a daughter. The latter died )-oung. Neriah, the second son, is a resident of the State of Iowa. Raised a farmer, Mr. McMichael received his literary education in the common schools of the country. These limited advantages he improved by unaided, though unre- mitting, application. A constant reader during the long period of his life, he has not only- justl)- acquired the reputation of a man of superior intelligence, and, though uninformed as to the technic- alities of grammatical construction, is a singularly correct writer of his own language. In November, 1838, he moved to Missouri, and settled in Plattsburg, in the immediate neighborhood of which he engaged in farming, and also sold clocks. He was, at different times, for the period of thirty years, engaged in mercantile business in Plattsburg. In 1853, he traded his stock of merchandise to Thomas E. Rirch, now of Glasgow, Missouri, for 3,300 acres of land, in Clin- 44 BIOGRAPHICAL. . ton County, valued at $10,000, two-thirds of which he, at different times, subsequently disposed of for about $60,000. In 1S54, he again engaged in merchandising, in Plattsburg, continuing in the same till the year 1859, when he sold out his stock of goods to Abraham Funkhouser. In i860, he again, and, for the last time, embarked in commercial busi- ness in Plattsburg, continuing in the same three years, when he retired from the active pursuits of trade, and closed his mercantile career. He married, in Xenia, Ohio, Miss Hannah Morgan, daughter of John Morgan, Esq., of Shenandoah County, Virginia. By this marriage they have had eight children : John M., William L., DeVVitt C, Charles O., Augusta V., Leonora, Josephine and Thomas. These, with the exception of John M., the founder and present editor and publisher of the Lever, are all dead. Mr. McMichael united with the M. E. Church South, about 1845. Of this he has ever since continued an active and zealous member. He was a member of the first lodge of Sons of Temperance organized in Plattsburg, and has, all his life, been a pronounced temperance man. Politically, he has always been a Democrat. In 1 881, he traded his magnificent farm, adjoining the town site, to B. F. Trimble, for a farm in Clay County, and moved his residence into Plattsburg. HON. JOHN MORGAN McMICHAEL, the eldest and only surviving of a family of eight children, was born in Xenia, Ohio, March 16, 183S. In November, 1838, his parents, Thomas and Hannah McMichael, above referred to, moved to Plattsburg, Mis- souri, where young John was reared, and where he has spent most of his life. He was educated chiefly in Plattsburg and in Ridgely Academy, Platte County. His first employment on leaving school was in the posi- tion of clerk in his father's store in Plattsburg, where he afterwards sold goods on his own account till 1868, when he entered on the study of the law in the office of Judge Porter. In 1869, he was admitted to the bar, and engaged in the practice of his profession till the year 1872, when he moved to Kansas City, where he assumed editorial charge of the Daily Evening News. In May, 1873, he returned to Plattsburg, where he established the Lever, a seven column weekly, which was immediateh' received with favor, and which has continued to meet with unqualified success. In 1875, the prosperous character of the enterprise warranted the enlargement of the Lever to its present (1881) dimensions, a nine column sheet, thirty-one by forty-seven and a half inches, the largest single sheet printed in the state. Always Democratic, the Lever has been ever noted for the independent character of its utterances. In 1876, it began boldly to espouse the cause of temperance, and has ever since continued to be recognized as the leading advocate of that princi- ple in the state. Mr. J. M. McMichael represented Clinton County in CONXORI) TOWXSHIi'. 45 the State Legislature, in the sessions of 1869 and 1870. He was after- wards elected mayor of the city of Plattsburg, serving one year. In the convention of 1S70, he came within a few votes of receiving the nomina- tion for Congress in his district. He has been a member of the M. E. Church, South, since the year 1858. He was also, at one time, a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and was, from time to time, a member of the different temperance societies as they existed in the town. He was married in Libert)-, Missouri, May 5, 1864,10 Miss Julia Lincoln, daughter of George T. and Julia A. Lincoln. They have had five chil- dren : Lenore, Fann)-, Julia, Clara and Thomas. Of these all are (1881) living, with the exception of Fanny. ALEXANDER McWILLIAMS, justice of the peace, was born in Belmont County, Ohio, December 13, 1818. His father, Abraham, was a farmer and an early settler in the Buckeye State. The McWilliams are of Irish ancestry. In 1836, the famil}' removed to Guernse\- County, Ohio, where the elder McWilliams engaged in the milling business, and the subject of this skecth was also identified with the same industry for a number of years. He was, also, justice of the peace, and for several terms was deputy sheriff under William Birch. In 1855, he migrated to Washington County, Ohio, and engaged in agricultural pursuits, continuing until the spring of 1S66, when he came to Missouri, locating in Clinton County. He followed farming for several years, and in the spring of 1870, engaged in the drug trade in Plattsburg. In the Autumn of 1874, he was elected justice of the peace, the duties of which office he has administered with credit to himself and satisfactorily to the public. Upwards of one thousand cases have been before him, and in every instance of those appealed, his decisions were confirmed by the circuit court. He has a host of friends, where known, throughout the county. He has been twice mar- ried. First, in 1842, to Miss Charlotte Van Sant. They had seven chil- dren, five of whom are living : W. E., Albert A., Samuel S., Mary E., and Suetta E. Lost two : Mary T. and Maggie E. Mrs. McW. died in 1870. His present wife was, Eliza E. Freland. By the latter union they have one daughter, Emma. Himself and wife are members of the Pres- b\terian Church. S. H. ]\IcWILLIAMS, section 21, post office, Plattsburg, is a representative farmer and stock raiser of this district, and deserves special mention. He is a native of Kentucky, and was born October 23, 1830. In 1854, he emigrated to this state, settling in Jackson Countj-, and, after a lapse of two years, removed to this county, and settled where he now resides. He has 140 46 BIOGRAPHICAL. acres of land, which will compare favorably with any in the county, and most of which is under cultivation. He has a good residence. During the late war he was captain of the Missouri State Guard, First Regi- ment, Fourth Division, and served ten months in the Confederate ser- vice. Mr. McWilliams wa-s married August 14, i860, to Miss Nancy E. McCorkel. They have had seven children : Lillie D., Robert E., Jere- miah N., Mary A., Susan, Bettie (now deceased), and Willie. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, also a member of the Protective Association. He also belongs to the Baptist Church, while his wife worships with the Christian denomination. R. MALONE, proprietor of the St. Cloud Hotel, is a native of Missouri, and was born in Mercer County, May 20, 1850. His father, A. B., was one of the pioneers of Mercer Count}-, and the subject of this sketch was there reared, edu- cated and made his home until he attained his nineteenth year, when he went to the mountains, and followed mining, for five years. Returning to Mercer County, Missouri, he remained for a time, and then moved to Decatur County, Iowa, and eventually located at Eagleville, Harrison County, Missouri, where he was well known to the traveling public, for two years, as landlord of the Central Hotel. On the 14th of August, 1881, he assumed the proprietorship of the St. Cloud, which has been gain- ing in popularity, and promises to rank among the foremost in the west. Mr. M. knows the wants of the travelers, and is constantly on the alert for their comforts. He was married in 1872, to Miss Maggie McKiney, of Illinois, an estimable lady, and an excellent manager of household affairs. They have two children, Minnie ^I. and Ninnie N. Mr. M. is a member of the Masonic fraternity. A. C. MILLER, now deceased, was long known as a representative farmer of this district. He was a native of Pennsylvania, and was born September 13, 1833. He was raised to manhood in his native state, and in 1869, emigrated to Missouri, and settled where the family now reside. He was married to Miss Susan Hasler February 19, 1858. They had eight children : Samuel A., Henry E., Isaac B., William I., Franklin A., Edwin D., Susan E. and Cornelius E. ^Mr. M.'s death occurred October 19, 1876. Mrs. Miller, since her husband's death, with the assistance of her children, has suc- cessfully managed the home farm, which is on section three. She has 160 acres of good land, all of which they cultivate. The}' are members of the German Baptist Church. CONCORD TOWNSIIII'. 47 JOHN W. MORELAXD, farmer and stock raiser, section 27. John W. Moreland, Sr., was well known among the pioneer citizens of Clinton County. He Came to Missouri, in 1849, and to Plattsburg in 1855. He was a harness maker by trade, and was associated with that branch of business for many years. His death occurred in 1876. Few of the early settlers were more respected, or their loss as sincerely regretted. His son, John VV., Jr., was born in St. Charles County, Missouri, April 2, 1840, and came to Clinton County with his parents, in 1855, where he has since made his home, devoting the greater portion of the time to the pursuits of agri- culture. In 1S67, he located on his pre.sent farm, which consists of ninety-eight acres, in a good state of cultivation, and situated two miles southwest of Plattsburg. He was married in i860, to Miss Frances A. Baggs, of Clinton County, a native of Kentucky. By this union they have ten children : John W., James H., Mary E., Robert L., Charles. Cordelia, Archie, Mattie, Ollie, and Eugene. Himself and family are members of, and contributors to the Missionary Baptist Church. O'CONNOR BROTHERS, dealers in dry goods, groceries and notions, Plattsburg, commenced busi- ness in 1880, and although among the mbre recent acquisitions to the business interests of this city, have, from the first, taken a prominent place. They are honest, capable, straightforward merchants, and have built up their trade and secured a large patronage by honorable and fair dealing. The firm is composed of John W. and Bartholomew O'Connor, sons of Cornelius O'Connor, one of Clinton County's prominent farmers. They were born in Bourbon County, Kentucky, the former in 1856, and the latter in 1858. At an early day the family removed to Illinois, where they spent their \-outh and received their education, and in 1S76 became residents of Clinton County. JOHN N. PAYNE, county collector, is a native of Missouri, having been born in Clay County in October, 1844. He was brought up on a farm, attended the common schools, and in March, 1853, took up his residence in Clinton County. During the late war, the father of Mr. Payne was murdered, June 4, 1863, by a detachment of Union soldiers. John N. removed west, and for two years made his home in Montana. In the spring of 1872, he commenced in the live stock business, at St. Louis, Missouri, continuing for eighteen months. Mr. P. was elected sheriff of this county in 1876, and held that position until 1880, when he was elected collector. In March, 1881, he entered upon the duties of his office. In December,. 48 BIOGRAPHICAL. 1873, he was married to Miss Permelia Biggerstaff, a native of Kentucky. Mr. Payne is a Sir Knight in the Masonic Order, and belongs to Platte Lodge No. 13, A. O. U. W. He is a member of the Christian Church. CHARLES PENNOYER. proprietor of the Central Meat Market. One of the pioneers of Jackson County, Missouri, was Mr. John Pennoyer. His son, Charles, was born in that county, at what was known as New Santa Fe, October 7, 1849. The same year, the father went to California with the multitude of forty- niners, and died, the same year, in the Golden State. When Charles was fourteen years of age, with his mother, he came to Clinton County, locating a mile from Plattsburg. Here he was educated, and has since resided. For a number of years, he was engaged in the stock trade, and, in this branch, is well and popularly known in Clinton and adjoin- ing counties. In 1879, he embarked in the butchering business. The Central is one of the most popular markets in the county, and, Mr. P., as a knight of the cleaver, caters to the people in a universally satisfactory manner. He married, in 1874, Miss Emma Henderson, of Clinton County. They have three children : Stella, Pearl and Charles Tipton. Himself and family are members of the Christian Church. F. D. PHILLIPS. postmaster, was b-orn in Ireland, near Skillen, in February, 1828, there receiving but a moderate education. After following farming until 1853, he emigrated to America, landing at New York, and from there went to Carroll County, Ohio, where he remained four years. For one year, he made his home in Topeka, Kansas, and then removed to Clinton County, Missouri, locating on a farm. In 1866, he moved into Plattsburg, and the same year, was elected sheriff, and also collector, holding the posi- tion for two years. Mr. Phillips served as county judge for over one year, filling the unexpired term of A. D. Stone. In 1873, he was appointed postmaster, which position he has since continued to fill. He is the owner of a farm of 465 acres, well improved, and is quite an extensive dealer in short horn stock. He was married in May. 1858, to Mary E. Atwell, a native of Ireland. They have had eight children, six of whom survive. Mr. P. was in the state militia, for about three years. He is a Mason, a member of the I. O. O. F., and belongs to the M. E. Church. S. G. POLK, an extensive carpenter and contractor, was born in Scott County, Ken- tucky, November 21, 1840. His father, Daniel, was a native of Kentucky and his grandfather of Marvland, being of the same famih- as President CONCORD TOWNS I 111' 49 James K. Polk. The subject of this sketch spent his early days and learned his trade in his native state, and resided for a number of j'ears in Frankfort. The elder Polk was a contractor and carpenter, and for a time was proprietor of a saw mill. S. G. adopted and learned the car- penter trade, residing in Kentucky until 1858, when he came to Missouri, locating in Platte County. After remaining four years, he removed to Fort Scott, Kansas, and for twelve years was a prominent carpenter and contractor in that city. He next went to Chicago, where for a time was proprietor of a tar^^iery, after which St. Louis became his home. In 1877, he left there and became a citizen of Plattsburg. During the rebellion he tendered his severices to the Union cause, enlisting in Kansas, in the Ninth Wisconsin Volunteers, serving one year. He par- ticipated at the battle of Baxter Springs and other notable engagements. In 1865, Miss Nancy Russell became his wife. They have five children — Carrie, Mary, Oscar, Jessie and Frank. Mr. Polk is a thoroughly skilled workman and a man well read. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and Grand Encampment of Kansas. JUDGE VIRGIL ROE PORTER, the fifth of a family of nine children, five sons and four daughters, was born in Greenville, the seat of Darke Count)-, Ohio, December 10, 1845. His father, Jesse J. Porter, a silversmith by trade, was a native of Long Island, New York, who moved to Ohio in 1828. His mother's maiden name was Marion Margaret Fowler. She was born in the city of New York. Virgil R. Porter enjoyed exceedingly limited opportunities of early education ; indeed, may be said to have been self-educated. Such instruction as he received he acquired in Sidney, the seat of Shelby County, Ohio, during the period of less than one year. Shortly after mastering his father's trade of silversmithing, he entered a dry goods and furnishing store, onlj- working at his trade at nights. He has been, during the greater part of his life, engaged in mercantile pursuits. In the fall of 1862, he enlisted in the Ninety-ninth Ohio Regiment, at Camp L)-ma, Ohio. At the end of six months, he was discharged in conse- sequence of disability superinduced by fever. He then removed to the State of Indiana, settling in Marion, the seat of Grant Count}', where he sold goods for Jason Cary. Again taken sick, he went to Chicago, thence to Burlington, Iowa, arriving November 19, 1863. December 24, following, he found himself in Leon, Iowa, where he engaged in selling goods for Seth Richards & Co. December 26, two days after his arrival, he was arrested as a copperhead, and taken to Fort Des Moines, where, however, he was immediately released. Returning to Leon, he con- tinued to sell goods till May, 1868. During this period, while engaged as a clerk, he also carried on, by deputy, the silversmith business, in 50 BIOGRAPHICAL. which he also worked at nights. In consequence of ill-health, he sold out in Alay, and in August, 1868, started for Colorado. Stopping on his way in Plattsburg, Missouri, where he had a brother, Judge Thomas J. Porter, a prominent Democrat of the county, he was persuaded to remain, and accepted a clerkship in the dry goods house of Moore & Whitting- ton, where he remained from September 15, 1868, to the following spring, when he bought out the interest of Moore, and continued the business under the style of Hooper, Porter & Co., till August, 1871, when they sold out to Lyons, Winn & Co. He then engaged*in the fire insurance business till the fall of 1872, when he accepted a clerkship in the house of Lyons & Conner, with whom he remained till February, i, 1874. He then engaged in traveling for Schuster, Ketcham & Co., of St. Joseph. September i, 1875, he opened a clothing and furnishing store in Platts- burg, which he conducted till April i, 1877, when he sold out. In the meantime, in 1870, he was elected treasurer of the city of Plattsburg. In 1872, he was appointed deputy collector, under M. M. McPhetridge. In August, 1876, he accepted the appointment of deputy circuit clerk, under Ed. W. Turner, a position which he held till January i, 1879. November 15, 1877, he took a trip through the southern states, arriving on his return home April r, 1878. November 20, 1880, he was appointed by Governor John S. Phelps, Judge of the Probate Court of Clinton County, to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of M. M. McPhetridge. Prior to this appointment, he filled the ofifice of clerk of said court. He also engaged in the insurance business. August 31, 1868, he was introduced to Miss Florence May Turner, daughter of Col. Winslow Turner, in Plattsburg. Miss Turner was the first lady whose acquaintance he made after his arrival in the state. They were married July 26, 1876, and have two children, Virgilia May, born in Dallas, Texas, December 19, 1877, and Edward Winslow, born May 27, 1881. In poli- tics, Judge Porter has always been a Democrat. In 1878, he was nomi- nated by the National Greenbackers as a candidate for the office of cir- cuit clerk in Clinton County, but he declined to accept the nomination. Mrs. Porter is a lady of rare literary attainments and a popular writer. C. W. PORTER, banker, Plattsburg, was born in Danville, Caledonia County, Vermont, January 14, 182 1. His father, Aaron Porter, was engaged in mercantile pursuit, but in later years was a farmer. The youth of C. W. was spent in his native State. In 1849, he drifted westward, and, while stopping in St. Louis, formed the acquaintance of Thomas McMichael, then a mer- chant of Plattsburg, Missouri. Mr. McM. was in need of a clerk, and becoming favorably impressed with the subject of this sketch, prevailed upon him to come to Plattsburg and enter his employ. This was in the CONCORD TOWNSIIII'. 51 spring of 1S50. After romainin<; in his omplo_\- fjur \cars, lie became clerk for Thomas E. Birch, Mr. McM.'s successor, and in this capacity continued two years. Ho ne.\t entered the Land Office as clerk, and was soon register of that office, which position he held a few years ; pre- vious to this, however, he was county treasurer for two terms. After leaving the Land Office, Mr. P. was interested, for a time, in the real estate business, and then commenced his banking experience, which he discontinued during the war. In 1S66, he resumed the banking business, conducting the same until 1872, when Mr. Funkhouser became interested with him. In a business point his life has been a grand success, and as a bus- iness man, has been upright, reliable and honorable, as an official, attentive and obliging but inflexible and unswerving in the discharge of his duty in all places, and under all circumstances he is loyal to truth, honor and right. He has always shown a worthy public spiritedness, and has heart- ily s\-mpathized with all public improvements. In railroad, educational and other public enterprises, he has been prompt to act and efficient to work. For four years he served as mayor of the city. He was married, in 1859,10 Miss Mary E. Funkhouser. Thei.- family consists of four children, Charles L., Katie A., Lena V. and William A. J. A. PORTER, merchant, was born in Culpepper County, Virginia, November 27, 1837, and, with his parents, removed to Missouri when seven years of age, his fatfier, Samuel S., locating in Clay County. There he engaged in agricultural pursuits, and there J. A. was raised, and resided, until 1858, when he removed to Hainesville, Clinton County, and engaged in clerk- ing in a mercantile establishment, remaining until 1861. Then he ten- dered his services to the Confederate cause, and, as orderly sergeant in Colonel Hughes' regiment, participated at the battles of Carthage and Springfield. At the latter engagement he met with a serious misfortune, being deprived of his left leg. Not being fitted for further military dut)% he returned to Clay County, and, in 1864, engaged in merchandis- ing at Jacksonville, Illinois, remaining there about one year. In 1865, he embarked in trade at Hainesville. His circumstances were limited, but business soon increased, and by attending strictly to his calling, which has been the foundation of his success, he rose steadily, until he attained a position which ranks among the solid men of Northwest Mis- souri. In 1867, he established a branch store at Kearney, Clay County. In 1869, he moved his stock from Hainesville to Lathrop, and then con- tinued in trade until 1875, when he established his present business. In 1879, he bought the grocery store of Doniphan & Son, the store adjoining, and, for some time, has carried the largest general stock of goods in the county. Resides the branch store, at Kearney, he has had, at differ- 52 BIOGRAPHICAL. ent periods, branch houses at Lawsoii, Clay Center, Holt and Polo, all of which have, of late, been discontinued, and the present firm of Porter, Swan & Co., are doing business only at Lathrop and Plattsburg. Their stock of dry goods, clothing, boots, shoes and notions, are unsurpassed in Northern Missouri, their annual sales being an indication of honora- ble dealing and a host of satisfied patrons. The subject of this sketch is of a genial disposition, and has attained a wide and well merited rep- utation as a first-class business man. On the /th of May, 1872, Miss Bettie Gill, of Clay County, became his wife. They have one son, K. G. Himself and wife are members of the Baptist Church. K. S. RANDOLPH, manufacturer of saddles and harness, is a nati\e of \'irginia, was born on the 2nd of November, 1S31. His father, Reuben, was a cabinet maker, by trade. In the spring of 1838, the family removed to Missouri, locat- ing in Plattsburg, where the elder Randolph engaged in the milling business, and in that capacity continued until the time of his demise- which occurred in 1844. His esteemed wife, Martha, the mother of the subject of this sketch, soon followed her husband. Thus passed away, two of Clinton County's early settlers. E. S. Randolph, when fourteen years of age, commenced to learn the harness and saddlery trade at Richmond, Ray County, and after its completion, he operated a shop for some time. In 1861, he went to Illinois, and worked as journeyman until 1866, when he became a resident of Plattsburg, and opened a shop, and has since done the largest business in the place, having a large num- ber of acquaintances, throughout Clinton and adjoining counties. He married in 1852, Miss Susan A. Bullock, of Richmond, Ray County, Mis- souri. They have three children : Lizzie, wife of T. J. Lee, of Colorado, David R. and Curtis. Mr. R. is a member of the I. O. O. F. J. E. REYNOLDS, farmer and stock raiser, section 27, post office Plattsburg. is a native of Tennessee, and was born August 9, 1830. At the age of five years he emigrated, with his father's famih', to Missouri, settling in Clay County, where he was raised in the occupation he now follows. His father, J. VV. Reynolds, was an old pioneer of this district, and a man who has been closely identified with the progressive interests of Clay County. The subject of this sketch has 160 acres of land, sixty-five of which are under cultivation. He has been twice married. First, to Miss Malinda Benton, by who he had two children, Mar)- F. and Laurinda J. Mrs. Reynold's death occured April 22. 1865, and he was again married, January 28, 1879, to Miss Mary A. T. Par\-in. They have two children, Cynthia M. and an infant. I CONCORD TOWNSHir. 53 RICHARD C. RIGG, farmer, section 2g, post office Plattsburg, was born in Shelby County, Kentucky, June 21, 1829, and received a good common English educa- tion. After leaving his native place he emigrated to Missouri, locating in Buchanan County November 2[, 1848. He worked on a farm, and on the 2lst of September, 1862, enlisted in the army; was made commissary of the First Missouri regiment commanded by Col. Gates; was captured at \'icksburg and paroled. He remained in service until Gen. Lee sur- rendered and then returned to Buchanan County and resumed the culti- vation of his farm. In 1870, he removed to his present location. He was elected assessor in 1878, served until 1880 and was again elected to the same position. He was also constable and school director for many years. Mr. Rigg owns 315 acres of improved land, with a good orchard and upon his land is a fine sulphur spring. In 1850, he was married to Miss Nancy Taylor, a native of Anderson County, Kentucky. They were blessed with a family of eight children — Amanda J., Joseph C, Mary J., John C, Robert L., Lydia A., William A. and Lucy E., all of whom are living. Mr. R. is a Mason, a member of the A. O. U. W., a Good Templar and belongs to the Grange. He is also a member of the Missionary Baptist Church. GEORGE R. RILEY was born at Plattsburg, Clinton County, Missouri, April 6, 1845. He was the fourth of a family of seven children, five sons and two daugh- ters. His father, Henry O. Riley, a native of Virginia, moved with his parents, when two or three years of age, to Shelby County, Kentucky. He was among the early settlers of Clay County, and moved from Liberty to Clinton County in 1842. Here he continued to reside up to the period of his death, which occurred in 1864. The maiden name of his wife, the mother of the subject of this sketch, was Hannah Snapp. She was a native of Vincennes, Indiana. George R. Riley was educated in his native town. He begin his business career at the age of eighteen, as a clerk in the general store of Colonel Vance, in Plattsburg, in which position he continued thr.ee years. He then engaged in the drug business, continuing till 1874, when he was elected to the office of County Clerk, which he now (1881) holds, with the reputation of one of the most capable as well as most accommodating officials who ever filled that office in this or any other county. October, 1871, he married Miss Sallic Shoemaker, youngest daughter of Moses Shoemaker, of Plattsburg. They have three children : Mary, born August. 1873 ; Georgie, born September, 1876; and Horace, born P^ebruary i, 1881. Politically Mr. Riley has always been a Democrat. 54 BIOGKAPHICAL. A. V. ROBERTSON, wool carder and owner of the Little Flour Mill, is a native of Pennsyl- vania, and was born December 29, 1842. He was there partially raised, after which he came west, and for a time was a resident of Illinois. In 1862, he enlisted in Compan)- A, of the First Nevada Ca\-alr}-, and served in the United States arm\- until Jul}- 12, 1866, when he was hon- orably discharged. After tra\eling through the western countr}-, he soon became a resident of Plattsburg, where he has since been identified with its business interests. He erected a mill in close proximity to his present one, which he subsequently disposed of The Little Flour Mill is well arranged and complete in all its appointments. As a wool carder, Mr. Robertson has but few equals in the west. He has attained a prominent position, and is known as the " Boss Carder." His busi- ness entends man}- miles either way from Plattsburg, and he is a public spirited, thorough going citizen. He married, in 1872, Miss Luella Brann, of Davis County, Iowa. Their famil}- consists of two children, John and Virgil. Mr. R. is a member of the Ancient Order of L'nited Workmen. JOHN RYAN, dealer in dry goods, groceries, notions, tinware, etc., is a native of Ire- land, and was born in County Tipperary, in 1842. He came to America with his parents, when comparatively young, locating in St. Law- rence County, New York, where his father, who was a shoe manufacturer, pursued his vocation, for a number of }'ears^ In 1862, the subject of this sketch, tendered his service to the Union caused, and enlisted in the Eighty-third New York Volunteer Infantry. He was taken prisoner at the Coal Harbor engagement, and after being an occupant of Libb}- for a time, was transferred to Andersonville, and there confined nine months, when he was exchanged. He participated in thirty-two engagements, and was honorably discharged, at the close of the rebellion. He returned to New York, and in 1866, came to Missouri, locating in Plattsburg. His resources were limited, and like man}- of our great and good men, of the present day, he commenced his business career, at the foot of the lad- der, starting out as a pack peddler. He soon had a wagon on the road, from which he dealt his goods, and was known for a number of }-ears throughout Clinton and adjoining counties, as "Cheap John." In 1S77, he opened his present store, which is well stocked with dr}- goods, gro- ceries, notions, etc. His trade is large, and on the increase. All enter- prises for the advancement of the town and county, are sure to receive Mr Ryan's hearty support. In 1861, he married Miss Julia Sullivan, an estimable lady of New York State. The\- have one daughter. Fannie. Mr. Ryan and family are members of the Catholic Church. CONXORI) TOWNSHIP. 55 GEORGE SELL, ])roprietoi' of the Little Flour Mill, Plattsburg, is a native of Pennsylva- nia, and was born July 7, 1833. His father, Daniel, was also a native of that state, and one of its enterprising farmers. Here young George was reared and educated. He learned the milling trade at McGill's Gap, and was there engaged in the business for several years. In 1854, he married Miss Elizabeth Kephart, of that state. They have had ten children, eight of whom are living: Emma, Raphael, Laura, Charles, Horace, Leonard, Rosa and N. Fred ; lost two, Catherine and Samuel. In 1865, he came West, locating in Plattsburg, and, for five years, was in the employ of Mr. Shoemaker, as miller, and then, for one year, was engaged in agricultural pursuits. He afterwards returned, for a time, to Platts- burg; was engaged at milling in Lathrop and in Caldwell County. In 1879, took charge of the Little Mill, and has been doing a satisfactory and constantl)- increasing business. He is a practical miller, priding himself on the quality of his products. J. F. SHEPHERD, farmer and stock-raiser, section 14, post office Plattsburg, was born in \\'ashington County, Ohio, January 17, 1849, and came to Missouri with his father in 1861, locating in Clinton County. Here he has since resided. He owned, and cultivated for a time, what is now known as the O'Connor farm, in Atchison Township. In March, 1876, he located on his present farm, which consists of 320 acres of choice land. His residence is attractive and pleasantly located one-half mile from the corporate limits of Plattsburg. In point of stock-raising, Mr. S. is among the largest in the county. He is a genial gentleman, and popular with all who know him. In 1873, Miss Sarah E. Thomas became his wife. They have three children : Gail H., Co)- J. and Daisie D. C. \V. SHEPHERD, farmer and stock raiser, section 15, post office Plattsburg, is a native of Ohio, and was born in Carroll County, March 16, i850.* He came to Clinton County with his father, in 1861. Here he was raised to man- hood, and has since resided. In 1872, Miss F. A. Guyer, daughter of Mr. Michael Guyer, became his wife. By this union they have had three children : Lena, Annie, and Georgie. He located on his present farm in 1868. The farm embraces 160 acres. His residence is situated on a gently raised eminence, a short distance west of Plattsburg, and is con- ceded by all to be one of the most desirable locations in the county. Mr. S. devotes his attention to the stock trade, in which he has been very successful. S6 KIOCRAPHICAL. JOSEPH shop:maker. farmer and stock-raiser, section 32, post office Plattsburg, is one of the prominent farmers and most successful agriculturists in Clinton County. He was born in Pennsylvania, January 3, 1827, and lived there until eighteen years of age, and then accompanied his parents to -this state, settling in Platte County. After residing there a few years he removed to this county and settled where he now lives. His farm consists of 200 acres, in a high state of cultivation, and his improvements arfe among the best in Northwestern Missouri, and he is a good illustration of what an industrious man can accomplish by giving his time to one subject and bending his energies in one direction. He was married April 13, 1854, to Margaret A. Young, a lady who has proved herself a most excellent manager of household affairs and her husband's best counsellor. They have six children living : John T., Annie F., George L., Harriet L., Emmet L. and Lanius. They are active members and liberal con- tributors of the German Baptist Church. AARON SHOEA1AKER, a prominent agriculturist and stock man, is a native of Pennsylvania, and was born in Fayette County, August 30, 1831. He came tb Clinton County, with his parents, in 1846, his father, Isaac, being among the well known and representative early settlers. The subject of this sketch has since been a resident here, and has aided greatly in promoting the growth and development of this county. His landed estate consists of 434 acres, north of, and in close proximity to, Plattsburg. In point of fine stock raising and dealing, he is one of the largest in the county. He makes a specialty of fine horses, and in this important feature has done much toward advancing and bringing before the people superior animals. He is a member of the Short Horn Association, in which he takes a live interest. Mr. S. is an energetic and indomitable worker, a good financier and a man of excellent judgment. In 1880, Miss Ellen B. Heisler, a native of Ohio, became his wife. R. C. SMARR, proprietor of meat market, is a native of Bracken County, Kentucky, and was born November i", 1844. His father, John H., was a native of that state, and his grandfather Reuben was from Virginia. R. C. spent his earlier days in tilling the soil, and in due time learned the carpenter and butcher trades. He was a resident of Kentucky until 1869, when he came to Missouri, locating in Plattsburg. Here he engaged in work- ing at the carpenter trade, and for a time followed railroad bridge build- CONCORD TOWNSHH', 57 ing. In the spring of 1871. he established his present business, which, in point of patronage, and as an excellent shop in all particulars, stands among the foremost, as i\Ir. S. gives the business his individual atten- tion. He is one of Clinton County's substantial and worthy citizens. In 1876, he married Miss Mary E. Young, a daughter of J. H. Young, of this count)-. They have two children : John Hampton and an infant. He is a member of the M. E. Church South, and belongs to the West- ern Mutual Benefit Association, of West Virginia, an order in the fold of the M. E. Church South. S. H. SMITH, farmer and stock raiser, section 36, post office Plattsburg, is one of the many old settlers and progressive and successful farmers in this district. He is a native of Kentucky, was born December 30, 1822, and was there raised to manhood and educated. In 1837, he emigrated to this state, and settled in Ray County, where he resided one year. He then moved to Platte County, where he remained three years, after which he removed to this county, and settled where he now resides. He has 360 acres of land, most of which is under cultivation. He was married December 22, 1846, to Miss Henrietta Arnold. They have four children : Jeptha D., Patrick H., Younger P. and Samuel M. Mr. and Mrs. S. are members of the First Baptist Church. He and his wife were originally members of the First Baptist Church of Plattsburg. E. T. SMITH, carpenter and builder, (bridge building a specialty,) is a native of Barren County, Kentucky, and was born April 25, 1842. His father, Daniel, moved to Clinton County, Missouri, with his family, in 1857, locating in Lafayette Township, where he engaged in agricultural pursuits, at which occupation the son was engaged until 1861, when he returned to Kentucky, and for two years attended school. In 1863, he tendered his services to the Confederate cause, enlisting in Company C, Second Ken- tucky Cavalry, under Captain Bowls, of Louisville, and was in the com- mand of General John Morgan. He was several times captured, but served until the close of the war, when he was honorably discharged. After the war he returned to Clinton County. In 1866, Ijis father pur- chased a farm on which the town of Gower stands, and when that town was laid out, F2. T. was one of its first business men, engaging in the lumber trade and the handling of agricultural implements. He was also engaged in contracting and building, and erected a number of its first buildings. He was president of the first town board, and was a resident of the town until 1876, when Plattsburg became his home. Many of the substantial buildings in Clinton and adjoining counties, including resi- 58 BIOGRAPHICAL. dences, churches, school houses, &c., are specimens of his skill. He does the most of his own architecture, and has attained considerable reputa- tion as a draughtsman. For the past four years he has been the county bridge builder. On the 2ist of November, 1867, Miss Sarah E. Tillery, daughter of \\'. \V. Tillery, became his wife. By this union the)- have five children : Hattie, Mertie, Ettie, Theodore D. and Daisy May. A. W. STEARNS, dealer in lumber, grain, coal, wood, lime, salt and cement, and agent for the Bucke}-e reapers and mowers, is a nati\-e of New York, and was born in Jefferson County, June 10, 1843. His father, Eugene, previous to the war, was a well known commission merchant in New York City. A. W. was raised to manhood and educated and resided in his native state until 1868, when he came west, and for one year, was the representative, on the road, for a Chicago notion house. In 1869, he located at Lathrop, Clinton County, Missouri, where his brother, L. L., was engaged in the banking business. In 1870, he established his present business in Platts- burg. His trade has been solidly on the increase, not being confined alone to Clinton County, but it extends into Buchanan, Clay and Platte. Mr. S. knows the wants of the people, and his stock is always complete. He was married, November 27, 1872, to Miss Logie Steele, of Plattsburg. They have one daughter. Gussie. W. E. STECK, cigar manufacturer, and dealer in confectionery, cigars, tobacco and smokers' articles, was born in Westmoreland County, Pennsj-lvania, November 12, 1852. His father, Simon, was well known in the mercan- tile circles of that county, being one of its substantial merchants. \V. E. was there raised to manhood and educated, and learned the cigar-maker's trade; for two years was engaged in business in Del- mont, Westmoreland County; came west in 1877, locating in Platts- burg, engaging in the manufacture of cigars. In this branch of industry he has made a success, by placing before the lovers of the weed, a cigar that is deserving of the patronage of all smokers. He is a musician of considerable celebrity, and to him the citizens are indebted for having a well organized band, of which he is leader. Since he became a resident he has been identified withe the musical circles of Northern Missouri, having organized and taught the bands at Princeton, Bethany, Eagle- ville and other points. In 1875, Miss Annie McMurry, of Westmore- land County, Pennsyh-ania, became his wife. They have had two children, one living : Murr}-. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and Ancient Order of United Workingmen. CONCORD TOWNSnil'. 59 jonx STEKLK, liarncss maker, is a nati\-eof l'cnns)-Kania, and was born in Franklin County, February 19, 18 15. When sixteen years of age, he went to Ilagerstown, Maryland, where he learned the saddlery and harness trade, after which he migrated to Ohio, then to Pennsylvania, and for a time resided in Kentucky. In the spring of 1840, he came to Plattsburg, and engaged in working at his trade, as journej'man, continuing until 1846, when he was selected as candidate for the office of sheriff, and was elected, holding the position until 1850, when California attracted his attention, and he went to that state, making the trip in one hundred days. He engaged in mining, and the stock trade in Lower California, remain- ing eighteen months, when he returned to Plattsburg, and has since resided here. He has followed hotel keeping, brick manufacturing, the liquor trade, stock business, etc. In i860, he was elected a member of the state legislature. He is very poplularly known, and has been closeU' associated with Clinton County's progress. In 1843, Miss Susan Randolph became his wife. They have had nine children : Jennie, Mildred, Eliza, Bettie, Laura and Lulu, J. R., Marj- R. and Georgie. Mr. S. is a Mason, and a charter member of the Plattsburg Lodge. ROBERT S. STIPE, section 25, post office Plattsburg. The subject of this sketch is a nati\e of Kentuck}-, and was born December 23, 1824. He was raised in the occupation he now follows, and in March, 1872, emigrated to Missouri, settling in this county, where he has since resided. In 1879, he moved to his present place. He has 307 acres of good land, most of which is under cultivation. Mr. S. was married November' 19, 1847, to Miss Ann L. Smith. Their family consists of Mary O., Martha L., Eliza C, Rob- ert J., and Jeptha B. They are members of the Christian Church. JAMES STONUM, liveryman, is a native of Henry County, Kentucky, and was born Feb- ruary 8, 1827. When he was quite young, his father emigrated to Mis- souri, locating in Clinton County, where he has continued to make his home to the present time. The greater portion of his life has been spent in agricultural pursuits. In 1S72, he engaged in the livery business. Mr. S. is one of Clinton County's oldest and popular citizens, and has contributed amply towards its development. He has been three times married ; first to Melissa Stone. They had two sons, Willard and Woodson. His second wife was Lucy McCalloun. P"or his third wife he married Mrs. Sarah Tillery. 6o BIOGRAPHICAL. STONUM BROTHERS, dealers in dry goods, clothing, gents' furnishing goods, boots, shoes and notions, Plattsburg. This firm is composed of Willard and Woodson Stonum, sons of James Stonum, who settled in Clinton County at ah early period of its history. They were both born in Clinton County- the former July 25, 1852, and at the age of fourteen commenced his mer- cantile experience as a clerk, and has continued selling goods since that time. He married Miss Elizabeth Steele in 1878. They have one son, George Preston. Woodson was born June 18, 1854, and, like his brother, was bred to the business in which they are now engaged. He was mar- ried in 1877 to Miss Emma Carpenter, of Harrison County. They have two children, Linn and an infant. Both the brothers are members of the Masonic fraternity. They engaged in their present business in 1875 under the firm name of Stonum Bros. & Jones, and after continuing busi- ness in Plattsburg for a few months removed their stock to Eagleville, Harrison County, Missouri, and sold goods there for three years, and then returned to Plattsburg and opened a store under the firm name of Stonum Bros., Mr. H. Jones having withdrawn from the firm. Since their return they have done a large and constantly increasing business. Their stock is selected with great care and with special reference to the wants of their patrons. Their sales for 1880, which amounted to $63,000, are an evidence of their popularity as merchants and their manner of doing business. E. C. STONEMAN, manager for (3sgood & Murry, proprietors of Plattsburg Steam Saw Mill, and wholesale dealers in walnut lumber. This enterprise was established in June, 188 1. They manufacture, exclusively, walnut lum- . ber of an excellent grade, and turn out, on an average, 100,000 feet per week. They have, also, mills at Cameron and Gallatin. They have a large mill, alsct, at Peoria, Illinois, and a yard at Indianoplis, Indiana. Mr. P. A. Murry is a resident of the former city, and Mr. M. J. Osgood, of the latter. The general manager of their Plattsburg mill is Mr. E. C. Stoneman, who is thoroughly skilled in the saw mill business, and a gentleman who, during his short sojourn here, made a host of friends. He is a native of Morgan County, Ohio, where he was raised and edu- cated. In 1868, he removed to Indianapolis, Indiana, where he followed his present business for eight years. Thence, to Peoria, Illinois, con- tinuing until the present mill was established by the company at Platts- burg. CAPTAIN JAMES H. THOMAS was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, June 6, [842. His father (of Welsh descent) was a native of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and his mother of CONCORD TOWNSHIP. 6l Dublin, Ireland. His parents early settled in Eastern Ohio, engaging there in farming and stock-raising. James H. lost his father at the age of eight years ; and, four years after, his mother died. An orphan at the age of twelve years, Hon. J. H. Tripp, of Carrollton, Ohio, was chosen his guardian, and so managed the affairs of his ward as to secure him the advantages of a fair preparatory education at the Harlem Springs and Carrollton Academies. He afterward entered Allegheny College at Meadville, Pennsj-lvania, in which he was graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, in the class of 1863. Three years afterward, the same institution conferred upon him the degree of Master of Arts. During his junior year in college, he received the highest literary honor in the Philo Franklin Society. The civil war was in progress at this time, and young J. H. T., while at home, during a vacation, raised a military company, of which he was chosen captain, but at the earnest entreaty of a brother, A. J. Thomas, who was already in the service as captain of Company- H., in the Ninety-eighth Ohio, and who was after- ward killed at the battle of Chickamauga, Georgia, he declined the proffered distinction, and returned to college to complete his course, his elder brother, Daniel Thomas, having, in the meantime, been chosen b)- the companj' as captain. On completing his collegiate course, in the fall of 1863, he enlisted in the Signal Corps, which had been made an arm of the regular ser\ice. He immediately repaired to Washington City for instruction, and while being informed with regard to the signals and uses of the telescope, had occasion to put to practical use his recently acquired knowledge within five miles of his place of training. This was on the occasion of an attack by the Confederates under Breckenridge and Early on the city of Washington. The first gun fired on the advancing enemy was directed by J. H. T., who, by means of a telescope, from Fort Stevens, had discovered their advance. He was sub- sequently sent by E. M. Stanton, Secretary of W^ar, to the military academy at Philadelphia, where, after being graduated in tactics, he was commissioned a lieutenant in the regular service and assigned to the Twentieth United States Infantry, with headquarters at New Orleans, Louisiana. He subsequently took an active part in nearly all the military operations in Louisiana, Alabama and Mississippi, serving till the close of the war; when, returning to civil life, he settled in Platts- burg, Missouri, in 1866, where, purchasing the Plattsburg College, he conducted that institution as principal and proprietor for the period of four )-ears. In 1868, he was the regular candidate of the Republican party and contestant for a seat in the Twenty-fifth General Asscmbl}- of the State of Missouri, in the year 1868. The contest was ended January 25, 1869, by a compromise, the result of which was that J. H. T. was allowed mileage per diem as a member of the house, until the 25th of January, and Hon. John M. McMichael, his competitor, was awarded 62 BIOGRAPHICAL. the contested seat. In 1870, Captain Thomas was appointed United States Deputy Surveyor for Montana Territory, having for the two succeeding years, charge of the United States surveys in Northern Montana, and along the Yellowstone River. Haskell's new United States map shows Lake Blaine, in Montana Territory, near the British line. This was discovered by Captain Thomas, and named after the distinguished Senator and Secretary of State. Returning to Plattsburg, in 1872, he engaged in milling and manufacturing for some time, but, since 1S76, has been engaged in the United States Internal Revenue Department, as storekeeper and gauger for the Sixth Missouri district. Captain Thomas has held, for shorter or longer periods. Federal appointments under every President since Lincoln's first term, either in the War Department, Treasury Department, or Interior Department. He was married, in 1S68, to Miss Lucy B. Guyer, of Plattsburg, Missouri. They have four children : Dora H., Maud E., Roscoe Conkling, and James Blaine. REV. EPPE TILLERY, one of the most noted of the early settlers of Clinton County, was born in Woodford County, Kentucky, in 1796. His parents, originally from Virginia, were among the pioneers of Kentucky. In 1819, the year before Missouri was admitted as a state, Mr. Tillery moved to the West, and settled in what is now Clay County, two miles northwest of the site of the present City of Liberty. He was among the first in this section to make an entry in the United States Land Office, then located at Franklin, in Howard County, at that period a place of several thousand inhabitants, and the commercial and business center of the state. In 1844, he moved to Clinton County, and settled on a farm, five miles north- west of Plattsburg, on which he continued to reside up to the period of his death, which occurred October 28, 1873, at the advanced age of eighty-five years. Mr. Tillery, in early youth, united with the Old Baptist Church, in Kentucky. He was the pioneer preacher of this church in Clinton County, a man of untiring energy, earnestly devoted to the cause of religion, and recognized, for many years, as its chief pil- lar and support. At the period of his death he had been, for half a cen- tury, an active member. The energy which characterized his religious fervor entered into his daily avocations. He was an industrious, labori- ous and enterprising farmer, steadily keeping pace with the progress and advancement of the county he had, from so early a period, assisted in developing. In 1824, he married, in Clay County, Missouri, Melinda Vaughn, daughter of Enos Vaughn, a native of Madison County, Ken- tucky. He had, by this marriage, one child, Nancy, present (1881) wife of Geo. W. Davis, of Plattsburg. In 1846, he entered into partnership with his son-in-law, George W. Davis. This business^ connection lasted CONCORD TOWNSHir. 63 twenty years. At the period of the dissolution of the same, in 1866, their joint property, with other assets, included two thousand acres of valuable land. April 20, 1865, Mrs. Tillery died. In 1867, Mr. Tillery, then in his seventieth year, again married. His second wife was Mrs. Sarah Dow, a widow lady, whom he married in Boone County, Missouri, and who still survives him. He had by this marriage one child, a daughter, Lena, born September, 1872, and who still lives. In person, Mr. Tillery is described as having been a man five feet ten inches in height, well formed, of robust constitution, and weighing about one hundred and seventy pounds. At the period of his death he left about 1,000 acres of land in Clinton County. He was never a politician, but always voted the Whig ticket, till the demise of that party, when he began and con- tinued to act with the Democracy up to the close of his life. ELDER S. S. TRICE, was born in Buckingham County, Virginia, in the year 1810. He migrated with his father to Kentucky, when but three j-ears of age, and settled in Monroe County, where he remained until the age of thirty- five years, when he moved to Missouri, and settled in Clinton County, where he spent the balance of his life. In early youth he manifested strong religious sentiments, and while in Kentucky united with the Pres- byterian Church. He afterwards, at the age of twenty-five, joined the Christian Church, of which he was destined to become one of its bright- est lights in the field of his western labors. He is described by an obit- uary writer, under date of May 18, 1877, as " a matter-of-fact man of God, of the Raccoon John Smith school, and to his pioneer labor the Christian people, especially in Northwest Missouri, owe much for the establish- ment and growth of the church. He was the father of a large family, having been married twice, and leaves a faithful Christian woman and mother, and si.\ children still at home, together with those of his first wife, and who are the heads of families in this vicinity, to mourn his departure. Being a man widely known, and highly esteemed by all who knew him, they have the heartfelt sympathy of the entire community. He was buried on Monday last at the ' Old Log Church,' where others of his family rest, and was followed to his last resting-place by a large crowd from the country." The Plattsburg Register of Friday, May 18, 1877, in referring to the death of Elder Trice, says: " It is with sorrow that we chronicle the news of the sudden and unexpected death of the venerable Elder S. S. Trice, of this county. Without a moment's warn- ing, his spirit took its flight to Heaven, on Sunday last, at eleven o'clock and ten minues. In his usual health, seemingly, he was filling an appointment at Bethany Church, about eight miles northwest of this place, and whilst in the midst of his discourse, dropped down in the 64 BIOGRAPHICAL. pulpit and expired almost instantly." Elder Trice was for many years prominently identified with the " Old Log Church." Indeed, during his entire life in Missouri, he was its honored and beloved pastor. JAMES A. TRIMBLE, grocer, is a native of Kentuck}', and was born in Clark County, May 14, 1842. When quite young, with his parents, he removed to Harrison County, where he was raised to manhood and educated. His father, John, was an agriculturist in that state. J. A., thus reared, pursued farming until 1873, when he came to Missouri, locating in Plattsburg, and on the 29th of October, of that year, embarked in the grocery trade, which has been a success, his business increasing year by year, and at present is one of the largest in the county. His stock, as complete as can anywhere be found, is second to none. In 1879, he engaged in the distillery business, and in the manufacture of fine whiskies, brandies, etc., has attained to a prominent position. He manufactures 1,000 bar- rels per year, on an average, and thereby adds much to the manufactur- ing interests of Plattsburg. Mr. Trimble married, in 1876, Miss Eliza Steele, daughter of Mr. John Steele, one of Clinton County's pioneers. The)' have three children : James, Jr., Flora, and Laura. He is a mem- ber of the Masonic fraternity, and a Knight Templar in the order. B. F. TRIMBLE, stock raiser, post office, Plattsburg, has long been associated with the leading stock raisers of this state. He is a nati\-e of Kentucky, and was born in Clark County, January 20, 1845. His father, William, was a farmer, and a native of that state, and his grandfather, John, was a sol- dier in the Revolutionary War, under General Washington, and settled in Kentucky, after that memorable conflict, locating a homestead, by the land warrant, granted each soldier in that war. B. F. was raised in his native state receiving the benefits of a select school education. In 1867, he came to Missouri, locating in the northern part of Clay County, where he engaged in farming. His finances were then in a low condition, and his success in life is entirely due to his enterprising industry and good judgment. A portion of the time for two years, he followed school teaching. Upon locating in Clay County, Mr. Trimble was among the leaders, to introduce the animals that were destined to give this portion of Missouri, the enviable reputation it has attained, for fine stock. His first purchase was made in 1668, and kept increasing, as his means would justifj-, selecting only the best, from the most noted families entered on the Short Horned Record, and the American Stock Book. In 1877, he pur- chased an animal, of the Rose of Sharon tribe, at a cost of $2,400, which CONCORD TOWXSHIl'. 65 is considered by short horn fanciers to be one of the finest living. His stock embraces animals from the tribes Rose of Sharon, Marys, Princes, Phyllises and Canbros. In March 18S1, Mr. T. removed from Clay County, where he owned a large tract of land, to his present farm, which adjoins Plattsburg, and is well adapted for stock raising. His barns and build- ings, are conveniently arranged, and complete in all their appointments. He was married in 1867, to Miss Fannie Henshaw. They ha\e had three children : Frank, Willie and Lulu. Himself and wife are members of the Baptist Church. He is a Master Mason. J. H. TRICE. farmer and stock raiser, section 10, post office Plattsburg, was born in Cumberland County, Kentucky, February 15, 1816. His father, Tandy Trice, was an agriculturist. J. H. was raised, educated and resided in his native state until 1846, when Missouri attracted his attention, and in that year became a resident of Clinton County, locating three miles northeast of Plattsburg, being among the foremost to cultivate the soil of Concord Township. In 1854, he removed to his present homestead, \\hich, at that time, consisted of 80 acres. He has been adding from time to time and his landed estate at present embraces 214 acres, well cultivated. Mr. T.'s success in life is entirely due to his own efforts of industry and good management. During his long sojourn in the county, he has been among the first to promote in all commendable enterprises the advancement of the public good. It was characteristic of Mr. T. at an early day when the memorable log church was in course of con- struction to subscribe $15, and his meagre circumstances obliged him, in order to raise that amount, to haul logs for one dollar per day and board himself By similar acts, as his circumstances became better, his life down through the long course of years has been the same. He has been twice married, first in 1836, to Miss Permelia Biggerstaff, of Ken- tucky. They had three children, Pelina, Nancy and Samuel. Mrs. Trice's death, which occurred over a quarter of a century ago, deprived Clinton County of one of its estimable lady pioneers. His present wife was Miss Lizzie Baxter. Her father, Mr. James Baxter, was one of the early settlers of Northwestern Missouri, having assisted in building the first house in Clay County. Mr. and Mrs. T. have three children, Lizzie, Carrie and James. He is a member of the Christian Church. COL. WTNSLOW TURNER, deceased, was a native of Massachusetts, and was born in Plymouth County, December I2, 1802. He was raised to manhood and educated in his native state. His ancestors were of English origin, and among the Puritans that came over at an early day, and located in Massachusetts. 66 BIOGRAPHICAL. In 1832, the subject of this sketch was a soldier in the United States Army, came west, and, after a tempory sojourn in different parts of Missouri, came to Plattsburg, which he made his home continually until his demise, which occurred March 5, 1874. Soon after his arrival in Plattsburg, he was appointed circuit clerk, clerk of the court and ex-offi- cio recorder. This important trust he discharged, creditably to him- self and to the entire satisfaction of his fellow citizens, for sixteen years. He was always to be found at his post of duty, genial and accommodat- ing, and his records, which, to-day, are in a well preserved condition, indicate care, precision and neatness. His popularity in this official capacity may be inferred from the fact, that when his name appeared on the ticket his election was assured. In 1857, he was appointed register of the land office, and held the position two years, and voluntarily resigned. In 1854, he was appointed, by President Pierce, on the Exam- ining Board of Cadets, at West Point, where he attended, and, about the same time, was a representative to the Grand Division of the Sons of Temperance, of which* order he was a live and persistent worker. In 1858, he was elected to represent Clinton County in the State Legis- lature, and, for two years, he proved to be a diligent and faithful repre- sentative. At the expiration of his term in the Assembly, he virtually retired from political life, and devoted his attention to the practice of law, until his death. Politically, he was a staunch Democrat and life long advocate of the principles of the party. In Colonel Turner was centered all the sterling qualities which consti- tute an American citizen, being highly educated, and a mind well developed by the world's experience. The universal expression of all in whose memory he still lingers, is that as a man among men he had few.equals and no superiors. The following we condense from the Platts- burg Lever of March 13, 1874: " He was a man of the purest honor, and scorned everything that partook of the false and unreal. Of a pointed and emphatic nature, he pronounced his sentiments freely and fearlessly at all times, and under all circumstances. Not even in politics would he dissemble, or prevaricate, but in all things he was equally honest, equally sincere and pronounced. To friend or foe he was frank, manly, bold and unequivocal. When he believed, his belief was genuine, earnest and unwavering. He was guided by principle, and no question of policy could intervene to abate his advocacy of what he deemed right. He was firrri in his convictions, and clung to them with the most persistent tenac- ity. He had but little admiration for expediencies, but loved and practiced consistency in all things. When Winslow Turner announced his support of a principle, or person, he was ever found on the right side. He was humane and liberal, and from his door the poor and needy never went without receiving beneficient alms. Many a poor widow, orphan and sufferer have felt the kindness of his liberality. His heart would CO.NXORD TOWNSHIP. 67 melt at the recital of misery, and his impulse led him to the exercise of that generosity, which was a praiseworthy and commendable trait in his character. We remember him as a friend of Sunday Schools, and that he was one of their strong uorkers in his younger days. Thirty- four )cars a resident of the place, he was so intimately connected with every- thing concerning it, that the vacuum can never be filled. His death is not only a matter of great regret, but a severe calamity. Like some stately monarch of the forest, he has fallen, full of years, leaving behind a name and a record embellished by many noble deeds, and darkened by none of which his posterity and friends might be ashamed. We cannot forget }-our many kind words of admonition and encouragement, as we shall attempt to travel the same honest and honorable highway after you. The virtues which radiated in your life shall lighten up the way for others, and prompt them to imitation. His wife was Miss Emily Pollard, of Vermont ; her mother was a Watter- man, her ancestrj- tracing to the first families of EngJiand, Edward, Earl of Clarendon, and also Chancellor Watworth. By this union they had four children, two of whom are living, Edward M. and Florence M., wife of Judge Virgil Porter. HON. ED. W, TURNER, attorney, is a son of Colonel Winslow Turner, and was born in Platts- burg, Missouri, where he spent his youthful days, and has since made his home. He was principally educated in Plattsburg, attended the Westminster College, one year, studied law in his father's office, and was admitted to the bar, in Clinton Count)-. In 1870, he was elected by the Democratic party to the State Legislature, being the youngest rep- resentative in that honorable body. He made a diligent and faithful official, and secured a high reputation for his fidelity, to his constituents, and the satisfaction of the people generally. The party found in him an able advocate of their principles, and as a speaker, he is clear and argumentative, clothing his ideas in appropriate words, of which he has a ready command. In 1874, he was elected clerk of the circuit court, acting until 1878. Although Ed. is noted for geniality, kindly disposi- tion, and domestic inclination, he has not assumed the responsibilities of a benedict, but so far has passed his life in single blessedness. He is, in a large degree, possessed of the confidence and esteem of his fellow citizens. COL. NATHAN M. VANCE, a prominent farmer, section 24, post office Plattsburg, was born in Garrett, Kentucky, May 10, 18 10, and received a fair common school education. In the fall of 1833, he emigrated to Liberty, Clay County, 68 BIOGRAPHICAL. Missouri, and for two and a half years was occupied in clerking in the general store of Dr. Morse. July 6, 1836, he removed to Plattsburg and opened a general stock of goods, continuing this business until 1867, ■ when he retired from active business life, in order to devote his atten- tion to his farm and the raising of stock. Previous to this, however, in 1864, he rempved to Atchison, bought a store, and remained until the fall of 1865, when he returned to this count}-. In common with many others, he sustained serious loss during the war. Colonel V. has been twice married. First, April 26, 1840, to Miss Mary Jane Hughes, a native of Nicholsville, Kentucky, born March 12, 1821. Mrs. Vance died May 18, 1862, leaving seven children, three of whom are living. His second marriage occurred January 22, 1S63, to Miss Anna Patton, a nati\-e of Missouri. During the war. Colonel Vance served as treasurer of this county by appointment. Upon first coming here, he had many hard- ships with which to contend. The Indians were numerous, but not very troublesome, their reservation being about ten miles out on the Platte Purchase. During the Mormon troubles, he was one of a committee to investigate the true state of affairs, and was made lieutenant colonel of battalion of militia. Colonel Vance has always taken an active part in promoting the interests and advancement of his county and city, and has laid off six additions to Plattsburg. DR. J. H. WEST, dentist and druggist, is a native of Preble County, Ohio, and was born Jul)- II, 1819. His father, who was one of the first settlers of Cincin- nati, Ohio, was a native of Delaware, and was a lineal descendant of Thomas West (or Lord Delaware.) The ancestry of the Wests is traced back to the first families of Old England. The subject of this narrative spent his early days in tilling the soil, receiving the benefits of a good education, and in early life, followed the profession of school teaching. He then studied medicine, but finally turned his attention to dentistry, and since 185 i, has been interested in that calling. In 1843, he became a resident of Indiana, residing there until 1851, after which he lived at different points. He was, for a time, the leading dentist of Keokuk, Iowa. In 1866, he came to Plattsburg, where he has since made his home. The Doctor is possessed of a rare amount of information, is a close reader, and has an excellent memory. In 1854, he married Miss Nancy McHenry, of Tennessee. They have four children, two of whom are living : A. Jasper and Francis Milton. Two are deceased : Marsena L., and an infant. H. WHITTINGTON, was born in Woodford Count}-, Kentucky, on the 13th of April, 1814. His father, William, was a native of Mars-land, and removed to Ken- CONCORD TOWNSIIII'. 69 tucky at an early day. The subject of this sketch was raised in his native county, and learned the saddlery trade in Versailles, the county seat. In the spring of 1835, he came to Missouri, locating at Liberty, Clay County, remaining five years, and the first two years he worked as journeyman saddler, the remaining three years he was proprietor of a shop. In 1840, he came to Plattsburg and opened the first saddlery establishment. This he conducted until 1850, when, with other gold seekers, he went to California, returning in 1S51. He again embarked in the saddlery business and was in trade until 1855, when he was appointed receiver of the land office by President Pierce, and discharged the duties of that important trust until 1857, when he was re-appointed by President Buchanan. At the time that Plattsburg was in its infancy Mr. W., for a number of years, was the postmaster. In later years he has held the office of justice of the peace, and from 1874 to 1S78, was county assessor. For many years he has been engaged in different branches of mercantile business, and is well known in commercial circles through- out the Northwest. He has seen the development of Clinton County from its primitive state to one which ranks it among the foremost in the state, and has contributed his full share in making this change. In 1836, he was a participant in the memorable Heatherly war, which many of the pioneers of Clinton County recollect. In 1838, he took an active part in suppressing the Mormon outbreak. Mr. W. has an excellent memory, his mind is well disciplined and stored with a large amount of knowledge. In 1838, Miss Ann M. Story became his wife. By this union there were eight children, four of whom are living — William S., Elizabeth H., wife of R. W. Hockaday, Edwin and Ida. Lost four — Mary M., Mary M., Luella O. and Jennett. C. J. WILKERSON, section 29, postoffice Plattsburg, farmer. The subject of this notice is a native of Missouri, and was born February 18, 1836. He received the advantages of a good education, was raised in this county, and has always followed farming, and now owns si.xty acres of good land, forty of which is under cultivation. B. F. Wilkerson, the father of the subject of this sketch, was an old .settler in this county, and a man who was closely identified with the agricultural interests of this district at an early day ; his death occurred in the fall of 1840. C.J. was in the Con- federate service during the late war, and was orderly-sergeant of Com- pan)- K, First Missouri Regiment, Fourth Division. He was one of the first to enter and among the last to return. March 20, i86i,he married Miss Annie Pendleton. They had seven children : Carrie P., Fannie E., Emma C, John P., William F., Malinda J., and Ollie. Mrs. W. died November 8, 1877. Mr. W. is an elder in and a liberal contributor of the Christian Church. 70 BIOGRAPHICAL. L. E. WOLFE, Principal of Plattsburg Public Schools, is a native of Virginia, and was born on the 30th of August, 1832, spending his youth and early man- hood on a farm. He received but a limited education, taught school in summer, and, during the winter seasons, attended a college. He com- menced his career as a teacher at the age of nineteen. In October, 1865, he emigrated to Harrison County, Kentucky, and, in the month of June, 1874, came West. Professor Wolfe has had charge of the schools here for three years, and is now serving his fourth term, ample proof of his ability as an instructor. He is a man who, though almost wholly deprived of educational advantages, having attended school but twenty months, has risen through his own exertions to a position which he is ably qualified to fill. CHARLES YOUNG, farmer and stock raiser, section 11, post office Plattsburg, is a native of Kentucky, and was born in Bath County, September 21, 18 12. His father, Sennett, was a native of Virginia, and his mother, Margaret Waller, was a native of Culpeper County, Virginia. The subject of this sketch was raised and educated in his native state, spending his youth- ful days in tilling the soil. In 1832, he came to Jackson Count)-, Mis- souri, residing one year at Westport, and also lived, for about ten years, in Perry County. After this he returned to Kentucky, remaining over a year, when he again returned to Missouri. In 1840, he located in Plattsburg, and engaged in working at the carpenter trade, in which he was proficient. Many of the old land marks of the town are specimens of his handiwork. In 1845, he located where he now resides, purchasing 240 acres. To this he has been adding, from time to time, and his landed estate, at present, comprises 440 acres of as choice land as is to be found in the count}'. When Judge Young commenced farming here, the land was in a comparatively unbroken condition, and he was the first to cultivate prairie in the \-icinity of Plattsburg. His earl)' life was spent on the frontier of northwestern Missouri, and he did much towards its development. The first house at Kansas City was built b)'his hands. All issues for the advancement of the country, has received his hearty endorsement. He is no political aspirant, and has always declined com- ing before the people, preferring the peace and quiet of home. In 1870, however, he was elected county judge, and again in 1872, serving six months of the latter term, when he resigned. During his occupancy of that important office, his duties he discharged creditably to himself, and the satisfaction of his constituents. He was married, in 1S43, to Miss Fatsey Young, of Kentucky. By this union they have five children : CONCORD TOWNSHU'. 7 1 James, Sennett, Annie, Mary and Willis. Himself and famil}- are mem- bers of the Christian Church. JOHN H. YOUNG, farmer and stock raiser, section 12, post office Plattsburg, is a native of Bath County, Kentucky, and was born October 10, 1820. His father, Sennett Young, was a native of Kentucky, and came to Clinton County, Missouri, with his familj-, in 1835, locating a short distance north of Plattsburg. Being one of the pioneers, he took an active part in the opening of the county. His death occurred not many years after his arrival. His wife, the mother of the subject of this sketch, now well advanced in years, still resides on the old homestead. John H. was educated and raised to manhood in Clinton Count}-, and here has con- tinually resided. His landed estate embraces 314 acres of choice land, convenient!)- located to Plattsburg, and is a very desirable home. He is one of Clinton's most sterling and substantial citizens, and few men are more highly spoken of In 1848, Miss Eliza Tillery became his wife. They have had seven children : Oscar O., Sarah, Bettie, Fannie and Dora, living, and two are deceased, James S. and Willard. Himself and familj- are members of the Christian Church. CHARLES J. NESBITT was born at Clearspring, Washington County, Maryland, August 6, 183 1. His father was Jonathan Nesbitt, and his mother's maiden name was Ann R. Meixsel. Charles J. is the eldest of a family of eight children, four sons and four daughters. His early education he acquired in an academy of his own town. He, subsequently, became a member of Washington College, Pennsylvania, where he completed his literary and scientific course. In 1856, he was elected from Washington County to the Marj-land legislature, as a Democrat, by a majority of one vote, but was counted out by a Know-Nothing legislature. He then entered the law school of Poughkeepsie, New York, in which in was graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Law, in the class of 1858. He then engaged in the practice of law in Hagerstown, Maryland, and continued in the pursuit of his profession in that localitj- till the breaking out of the civil war. In 1865, he purchased a half interest in the Hagerstown Mail, a wecklj- newspaper, which he published for a period of nearly two years, when he sold out, and, moving west, settled in St. Joseph, Mis- souri, in the spring of 1868. In the following fall, he moved to Platts- burg, where he bought from Charles C. Scott, the Register, a weekly newspaper, which he published until 1873, when he sold out to E. C. Thomas. In February 1874, he purchased of Major T. W. Park, a half 72 BIOGRAPHICAL. interest in the Platte City Landmark. After remaining connected with this enterprise five years, he sold out to Major James L. McCluer. In January, i8So, he removed to Plattsburg, and established the Purifier, a Democratic paper, which he still continues to edit and publish. He was married in Hagerstown, Maryland, January 6, 1873, to Miss Mary C. Davis, daughter of Gilbert Davis, Esq., of New Philadelphia, Ohio. They have had six children, of whom the following five are living : Mary Velula, Charles Jackson (Stonewall), Jonathan, Ann Rebecca, and Mattie Lee. Politically Mr. Nesbitt has always been a staunch Democrat. .,s^ia,-^r^^ SHOAL TOWNSHIP AND CITY OF CAMERON. D. B. ADAMS, physician and surgeon, was born in Perry County, Ohio, January 25, 1836. He was raised on a farm, in his native county, and was educated in the common schools, and McConnel's High School. When nineteen years of age, he began teaching, which profession he followed about three years. At the age of twenty-three, he began the study of medicine under Dr. P. Kennedy, of Deavertown, Ohio, during the session of 1 860-1. He attended the Starling Medical College, of Columbus, Ohio, and in the spring of 1862, he was a graduate from the Ohio Medical College, of Cincinnati, and located in Muskingum County, Ohio, where he was engaged in the practice of his profession, till June 1863, then he went to Louisville, Ken- tucky, and was appointed assistant surgeon, in the Twelfth Kentucky Regiment, which position he held till the close of the war. He was in a number of important engagements, among which were the campaigns from Chickamauga to Atlanta, Thomas' campaign through Tennessee, etc. After the close of the war, he returned to Ohio, and in September of the same year came to Cameron, where he has since been engaged in the practice of his profession. He has, for si.x years, been surgeon for the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad Company. He has landed interests near Cameron, to which he gives his attention, and keeps his. farm well supplied with stock. He is a Mason, and a member of Vincil Lodge, No. 62, also of Cameron Royal Arch Chapter, No. 67. He was married May 21, 1861, to Miss Mary C. Roberts. She was born in SHOAI. TOWXSHIP. 73 Muskingum County, Ohio, April 29, 1838. They have had eight child- ren, five of whom are living : John \V., Charles E., Frank C, Fred R. and Curt R. JOHN ALTHOUSE, farmer and stock raiser, section 13, post office Turney, was born Novem- ber 4, 1830, in Jefferson County, Pennsylvania, and was reared at his birth place until fourteen years of age, spending his boyhood days on the farm and securing the benefits of a good education, principally from his father, who was a minister in the German Reformed Church. The elder Althouse moved to Niagara County, New York, in 1844, for the purpose of educating his children and following his' profession. John attended school here a short time and then turned his attention to farm- ing, remaining there until 1S66, when he moved to Kalamazoo, Michi- gan; thence to Clinton County, Missouri, in 1868, and settled where he now resides. He commenced cultivating the land and now his farm, one of the finest in the county, contains 170 acres of well improved land; has two orchards with different varieties of fruit. He has filled the position of school director most of the time since residing here. Mr. A. was married February 12, 1854, to Miss Mary L. Bedell, a native of New York, born August 2, 1834. They have had ten children — Albert J., Charles H., Ella L., (now Mrs. Steward Little), Oscar D., Edgar E., Calvin E., Dora L., Mary E., Lilly I. and William J. Mr. and Mrs A. and six of the children are members of the M. E. Church of Turney, in which he has held the office of steward for ten years. B. F. BASSETT, farmer and stock raiser, section 27, post office Cameron, was born ALirch 27. 1830, in Cynthiana, Harrison County, Kentucky. He spent his boy- hood days on a farm, and received the benefits of an excellent educa- tion at the Transylvania University, of Lexington, Kentucky. In 1852, he entered a wholesale establishment as a clerk, and soon became a partner. Selling out, he came west and settled where he now resides, in 1857. The country was then a wild prairie, and the hardships and privations he endured were enough to discourage and intimidate the hearts of the most courageous. He commenced improving his farm, and now has 440 acres of fine land, 220 of which are in pasture. He gives his attention, principally, to the raising of thoroughbred cattle, has some of the best stock in the county. He has a good orchard with about twenty-three varieties of apples, also peaches, pears, etc., in abun- dance. Samples taken from his orchard and exhibited at the Kansas City Exposition, in the fall of 1880, were said to be equal to any there. During the late war he remained a strong union man. He was married 74 BIOGRAPHICAL. at Lexington, Kentucky, in 1853, to Miss Mary J. Warfield, who was born December 30, 1833. Her father's family was one of the most noted in the state. They have been blessed with six children, five of whom are living : Lloyd W., John A., Mary B., (now Mrs. T. E. Potter, of Cameron), Maria W., and Rebecca B. Mr. B. and famil)- are active members of the Episcopal Church, of Cameron, in which he holds the position of warden. He and his wife were the first members of this denomination here. MAJOR ALBERT T. BAUBIE, real estate and insurance agent, also United States and general claim agent. The subject of this sketch was one of the first settlers in Cameron, and is one of its most enterprising citizens. He is a native of Canada, and was born in Windsor April 3, 1830. When twelve years of age, he began clerking in a store, and, when sixteen, went to St. Louis, principally by stage and water, railroad transportation, at that time, having reached onlj- to Kalamazoo, Michigan. A'ter arriving at St. Louis, he accepted a position as clerk on a steamboat, plying between St. Louis and New Orleans, and continued the same for about three years, when he again helped to supply the customers from a dry goods store, in St. Louis, for one year. At the end of this time he was employed by the old American Fur Company for one year, and in the fall of 1849, he went to St. Joseph, where he formed a partnership with the firm D. & T. D. McDonald & Co., dealers in dry goods, etc., continuing business as the Co. of this firm till 1851, when he withdrew. His next move was Salt Lake City, where he accepted a position in the store of Benjamin HoUi- day, there remaining till 1852, when he returned to St. Joseph. In 1853, he built a house in Weston, Platte County, 20x60 feet, which he shipped to Council Bluffs, Iowa, there opening an outfit for the emigrants. After remaining till fall, he returned to St. Joseph, and, in the spring of 1854, in company with General James Craig and others, he took a stock of goods to Salt Lake City, returning in the winter of 1854. In 1855, he went as a special agent for a freighting train to Salt Lake City, and, after closing out his stock, he took a trip, by the Southern Route, to California, this being about the second time that a vehicle ever passed across this section. Shortly afterwards, he returned to Missouri, by the Isthmus, and, in the spring of 1856, located at the present site of Cameron. He was the first man to build a dwelling in this city ; also had the first store, and was then appointed trustee of the town. He was the first postmas- ter of Cameron, and held that position till 1867. At the beginning of the war he was commissioned regimental quartermaster ; also, after this, was promoted a number of times, serving on the frontier till the close of the war, or winter of 1S65, when he was mustered out as major, and then returned to Cameron, Missouri, since which time he has been enyjagcd in his present business. He is deserving of much credit for the interest he has manifested in the building up of Cameron. He has owned a great i)art of what is now the business part of the town, and his hall, which is known as Bauble's Hall, has been of great interest to the town, both for home and transient use. He was the first to proceed in ha\ - ing the town incorporated, and acted as chairman about two years. In 1861, he was elected as Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, but, on account of the breaking out of the war, did not serve. He was married, July 4, i^>53, to Miss Hannah Hamilton. She is a daughter of James B. Hamilton, who was a captain in the regular army, and was killed prior to the late war. They have two children, F. H. and Anna ; also have one adopted child, Maggie Fitzgerald. He is a Mason, and a member of Vincil Lodge No. 62, also of Cameron Royal Arch Chapter No. 67. H. M. BERKLEY, was born in Shelb}- County, Kentucky, and about the year 1855, emi- grated west, settling within the limits of Clinton County. 'He improved a fine farm of 800 acres, which his two sons still continue to cultivate. He was a man honest in every particular, upright in his dealings, and had many friends, both among the early settlers of the county, and the more recent arrivals. His marriage was to Miss Caroline F. Moore, who was also a native of Shelby County, Kentucky. They had a family of three children : J. N., \Vm. H. and Minnie A. Mr. B. departed this life in 1S74, his loss being mourned b)' many. J N, BERKLEY, of the firm of Berkley Bros., farmers and stock dealers, Cameron, was born January 3, 1850, in Shelby Count)-, Kentucky, and was brought to this count)- b)- his parents when about si.x years of age. His father, H. M. Berkle)-, was one of the pioneers of this county, and took an active part in its early improvements. J. N. spent his bo)-hood days on the farm, and after receiving his preparatory education in the common schools, completed his schooling at William Jewell College, at Liberty, Missouri. He emigrated westward in the spring of 1871, and spent four years among the silver mines of Nevada. He returned to this count)- in 1875, and has since been interested in the stock business with his brother, \\'. H. Berkley. They have a large farm of from 700 to 800 acres, which is well improved, and upon it are two windmills. On their land high grades of cattle are found. They also have a herd of twenty-five or thirty thorough-breds, and do the leading business in buying and ship- ping stock. The subject of this sketch was married May 26, 1881, to 76 BIOGRAPHICAL. Miss Belle Handy, a native of Bowling Green, Kentucky, who was born August I, 1852. They are active members of the Baptist Church of Cameron, and Mr. B. belongs to the Masonic fraternity of the same place. WILLIAM H. BERKLEY, of the firm of Berkley Bros., farmers and stock dealers, section 31, post office Cameron, was born January 22, 1853 •''' Shelby County, Kentucky, and was brought to Clinton County, Missouri, by his parents about 1855. They commenced to improve a farm, and at which William assisted. He received excellent educational advantages in his youth, although having oftimes to go six and a half miles to school, and is a graduate of William Jewell College, of Liberty, Missouri. He, in partnership with his brother, is conducting the farm, and they do a large and increasing busi- ness in buying and selling stock. He is pleasing in his manners, and has the respect of numerous acquaintances. Wm. B. was married March 31, 1881, to Miss Elvira F. Handy. She is also a native of Kentucky. Himself and wife are active members of the Baptist church of Cameron, and with that denomination Mr. B. has worshipped for ten years. He is also a member of Cameron Lodge A. F. & A. M. FREDERICK BIGLER. farmer and stock raiser, section 10, post office Cameron. The subject of this sketch is a native of Switzerland, and born on the 9th day of Jan- uary, 1844. When ten years of age he came to America, shipping on the vessel Still Grace, and landed at New York after a voyage of tliirty-one days ; then went to Cleveland, Ohio, where he apprenticed himself to learn the carpenter trade, and followed that business for twenty-six years. In 1862 he enlisted in the One Hundred and Third Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and participated in the battles of Lookout and Kenesaw Mount- ains and various skirmishes. By constant exposure his lungs became troubled and he was honorably discharged in 1864. In the fall and win- ter of 1868 and 1869 he made a visit to his native country. In 1878 he came to Clinton County, purchased his present farm of 180 acres, which is well improved. His unswerving fidelity to his ideas of right and his religious convictions aided very materially to his success in business. Mr. B. was married in 1869 to Miss Mary Shafter, a native of Germany, who came to America in 1854, and their family consists of Benjamin F., Ellen F., William, Ida, George H. and Emma. Mr. and Mrs. B. are both church members. JOHN BRESSLER, of the firm of Bressler & Temple, manufacturers of Frear stone for well ' tubing, &c., was born in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, June 14, 1832, and siioAi. TOWNSHIP. -j-j secured the advantages of a common school education in his native town. When fifteen years of age he went to Iowa, where he remained, working at the plasterer's trade in different parts of the state, till 1877, when he came to Cameron, and in one year began at his present busi- ness. This firm also manufacture well augers and deal in cement. Mr. Iv was married in October, 1S54, and has had a family of four children, three of whom are living: John C, Emma L. and F. R. Ella. C. N. BURNHAM. editor of the Cameron Observer, is a native of Chautauqua County, New York, and was born on the iith day of May, 1837. He was educated in the schools of that vicinity until fourteen years of age, and then com- menced learning the printing business. After working for some years in his native county, he went to Buffalo, New York, and continued to work at the same occupation until 1S59, when he returned to the home of his youth, and, for two years, he was engaged in agricultural pursuits. At this time the firing on Fort Sumpter aroused his patriotism, and, in answer to President Lincoln's call for 75,000 men for three months, he was among the first to respond. The quota being filled before his com- pany was called into service, they re-enlisted for three years in what was called the Pennsylvania Reserve Volunteer Corps. Mr. B. was assigned to Company H, Tenth Regiment, and this regiment and divi- sion were called into the United States service in Jul)- of the same jear. He participated in many memorable battles of the rebellion, among M-hich may be mentioned the seven days engagement in front of Rich- mond, the second battle of Bull Run, battle of South Mountain (Mary- land), Antietam, and first battle of Fredericksburg, under Burnside, where he was captured and confined in Libby prison. He was held as a prisoner of war for six months. Twenty-seven days after his release, he was taken sick and. sent to the general hospital at Annapolis, where he was detailed by the surgeon in charge to publish a paper, which was known as "The Crutch." This he published in the interest of the hospital and soldiers, continuing in the same positi.'n until his term of enlistment had expired. In June, 1864, he was mustered out and returned home, and received the appointment of sutler. He married .Miss Mary A. Carpenter, December 28, 1864. She is a native of F>ie, Pennsylvania, and was born May 6, 1843. They were in the audience at Ford's theater during the evening President Lincoln was assassinated, and were seated where they witnessed the movements of Booth in leap- ing from the stage, and experienced all of the excitement that attended that act. After the close of the war, he returned to New York and engaged in the printing business at Jamestown, and there remained till J 874, when he came to Missouri and located in Cameron. He purchased 78 BIOGRAPHICAL. the Cameron Observer, which was at that time in a demoralized condi- tion, having been for some time in a state of suspended animation. He commenced the publication of a five-column quarto and continued the same until February, 1877, when he enlarged to a six-column quarto, its present size. In the winter of 1880, he supplied the office with new presses, and has added other improvements from time to time, and the paper is now in a flourishing condition and has a full share of public patronage — a more extensive notice of which will be found in the chapter on the Press. Mr. B. is a member of the Masonic fraternity at Jamestown, New York, and, also, of Cameron Royal Chapter, No. 67. The family of Mr. and Mrs. Burnham consists of twin daughters : Nettie and Nellie, born June 9, 1867. L. E. BURR, of the firm of Burr & Corn, dealers in hardware, stoves, tinware, etc., was born in Middletown, Connecticut, August 4, 1835, and remained in his native city until about fourteen years of age, after which time he was on a sailing vessel, for about five years. In 1855, he located in Summit County, Ohio, on a farm, where he remained till 1861, and then returned to Connecticut, his native state. There he was engaged in various places,, in different avocations, till the close of the war, when he returned to Summit County, Ohio, again located on a farm, and in the winter of 1868, came to Cameron. Since that time he has been engaged in the hardware trade. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., and belongs to the Star of Hope Lodge. He was married November 14, 1857, to Miss Lucy E. Gaylord. She was born in Summit County, Ohio. They have two child- ren, G. Elbert and Bessie. They have lost four. JOHN H. CAMPBELL, farmer and stock raiser, section 23, post office Cameron, was born in Andrew County, Missouri, December 15, 1841, and received his educa- tion in Buchanan County, having moved with his parents to that county. He was reared on a farm, and, September 15, 1861, he enlisted in Col- onel Boyd's battalion for six months, and in 1862, re-enlisted in the Third Missouri Cavalry of Colonel Lavvthers' company, and was taken prisoner while sick at a farm house, and taken to Jefferson City for three weeks. He was then removed to St. Louis, remaining there till June 5, 1863, when he went to Cairo for two weeks. January 23, he was removed to St. Louis, and on the 28th to Chicago. There he was paroled, and in May, 1863, went to Macomb, Illinois, where he engaged in the milling business for two years. In November, 1865, he returned to Buchanan County, and located on the old homestead for eighteen months, and at the same time worked at the carpenter's trade. In 1869, he moved to- SHOAL TOWNSHIP. 79 DeKalb County, where he remained till 1870, when he moved to his present location, and now owns 120 acres of land, all of which is the sav- ings of his own labor and business tact. December 25, 1864, Mr. C. wa.s married to Mrs. Jane Wood, her maiden name being Foster. She is a native of Missouri, and was born May 3, 1838. They hav" had nine chil- dren : Charles B., born January 14, 1866; James M., born May 8, 1867; Wm. F., born June 15, 1869; John M., born March 8, 1871 ; Thomas F., born November 25, 1S72, died April 21, 1881 ; Francis N., born October 12, 1874; Jesse R., born September 29,1876; Homer D, born March 4, 1878, and Ktta L., born May 3, 1880. F. A. CHAMBERLAIN, farmer and stock raiser, section 2, post office Cameron, is a native of Mason, West Virginia, and can trace his ancestors to those who came in the good old ship Mayflower. He was born on the 5th day of March, 1 82 1, on a farm, and received a good education. He has always been a farmer by occupation. In the spring of 1855, he left Virginia and emi- grated to Andrew County, Missouri, and purchased land near Savannah, which he sold in 1857 and came to Clinton County, settling where he now resides. His farm consists of lOO acres of improved land. Mr. C. commanded a company of home guards during the civil war. He was united in marriage in January, 1844, to Miss Sarah McTire, a native of Virginia. She. was born in 1S17. Their family consists of George, Abner, Joseph, William, Catherine, deceased, Mary and Maria. K, D. CLINK, a member of the firm of Lingle, Cline & Co., proprietors of the Cameron Flouring Mills, was born in Grant County, Pennsylvania, May 28, 1821. He was reared and educated in different parts of Pennsylvania, and fol- lowed farming, while in that state. In 1869, he moved to Missouri, and located in DeKalb County, and in the fall of 1876, moved to Cameron, since which time, he has been a partner in the mill at this place. He was married in the year 1844, to Miss Caroline Seiple, of Pennsylvania, who died in 1879, leaving the following children, living: Geo. W., Clara J., Laura E., Peter P., Wm. G., Mary C, Ida H., Joseph H. and Minnie C. W. D. CORN, grain and coal dealer, was born in Holmes County, Ohio, September 16, 1830, and was raised and educated in his native county, and was, for sev- eral years, a teacher there. During four months of the year 1876, he was a member of the Ohio National Guards. In October, 1865, he located in Cameron, and for one year was engaged in teaching, after 80 BIOGRArHICAL. which he embarked in the hardware business, as one of the firm of VV. D. Corn & Co., which business he pursued till 1869. During this time he erected his present grain house, and since then, has been the leading grain dealer of the city, his residence being located in DeKalb County. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity and belongs to Vincil Lodge, No. 62. September 30, 1853, he was united by marriage to Miss Jane K. Hart, of Ohio. They have a family of five children, and have lost two. Those living are : Jessie M., now Mrs. Kester, Hellen A., Lizzie A., Jennie V., and Willis K. CAPTAIN S. H. CORN, law\-er, and of the firm of Burr & Corn, dealers in hardware, agricultural implements, stoves, tinware, etc., was born in Holmes Count}', Ohio, June 3, 1840, and was raised on a farm in his native county. After receiving his primary education, he entered the \'ermillion Institute, of Ashland County, Ohio, and, when prepared for the junior course in col- lege, the war broke out. He discontinued his studies, and, in Septem- ber, 1861, enlisted as private in Company B., Sixteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was mustered out, as captain, in October, 1864, having participated in a number of important battles. He was taken prisoner December 29, 1862, while at the battle of Chickasaw BlufTs, and was held as such till May 8, 1S63, being in Libbj- prison most of the time. He again joined his army July 4, 1863, and participated in the second capture of Jackson. After being mustered out, he returned to Ohio, and began the study of law in Cleveland, attending the Western Union Law College, of that city, and was there admitted to the bar in Septem- ber, 1865. Mr. C. then went to West Virginia, and located in Moorefield, Hardy County, for a short time, afterwards going to the adjoining county, where he continued his practice till the spring of 1869. He then came to Cameron, Clinton County, Missouri, where he has since been engaged in the practice of law. Shortly after coming here, he purchased an interest in the store of which he is now a partner. They have made improvements in their store, from time to time, until it is not now sur- passed by any retail store in Northwest Missouri. Including the base- ment, they have four rooms, which are 90x40 feet, and an elevator, so conveniently arranged as to permit the passage of a loaded wagon from bottom to top. Mr. Corn was married, August 6, 1867, to Miss Anna C. Babb. She was a native of Virginia, and was born August 12, 1840. They have had eight children, three of whom are living: Wilber S., Lena V. and Mabel G. W. H. CRAWFORD, M. D., was born in Rock Castle Count}-, Kentuck}-, April 23, 1823, and was educated in the common schools of his native count\-, and at a Catholic school known as the Mount Morino, of Breckinridge County, Kentucky. When about fifteen years of age, he began the study of medicine, and attended the medical college of Louisville. About 1840, with his mother, he came to Missouri, and located in Rochester, Andrew County, where he studied his profession for one year. After this he was engaged in practicing for two years or more, when he moved to Caldwell County, Missouri, and immediately began his practice, being the first and only physician in Mirabile for several years. Becoming advanced in years, and having a desire to retire from practice, he moved to Cameron May 25, 1 88 1. For about sixteen years Dr. C. was the proprietor of the lead- ing dry goods store in Mirabile ; also being the proprietor of the grist mill of that place, besides of a saw and carding mill. His residence in Cameron is one of the finest in the city, and conveniently located. His landed estate consists of about 1,500 acres, principally in blue grass. Most of his land is located in Caldwell County. He was married in 1846, to Miss Elizabeth Kerrins, who was born in 1824. She is a native of England, and came to America when a child, locating in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. There she lived for a number of years, then coming to Missouri. They have seven children : Anthony K., Sarah E., Charles O., Mary A., John, William H., and Lillie M. A. K. CRAWFORD, merchant, is a native of Clinton County, Missouri, and was born Novem- ber 18, 1846. He received his primary education in the common schools, and graduated in the Commercial School of St. Joseph, during the winter of 1861. He was raised in Marabile, Caldwell County, and when about sixteen years of age, he took an interest in the store with his father, and continued as business manager till the spring of 1869, when he came to Cameron. He remained as clerk in a store, for some time, then went to Lathrop, and embarked in the mercantile trade, and returned to Cam- eron in 1876, since which time he has been one of the leading business men in the town. He was married September 9, 1868, to Miss Mattie Jones. She was born in Holmes County, Ohio, September 25, 1848. They have had one child, Wm. K., born Xovember 6, 1877. A. R. CREIGH. wholesale and retail dealer in hardware, tinware, etc., was born in Mor- row County, Ohio, February 15, 1852, and was raised and educated in his native county and state. In 1875, he drifted westward and located in Cameron, and for one year was engaged in the grain trade. Since then he has been engaged in his present business, one with which he is thoroughly conversant, having followed it since he was thirteen years of 82 BIOGRArHICAL. a^e, except the time mentioned when he was a grain dealer. His father was a native of Maryland, and a prominent and respected man of Mor- row County, Ohio, having represented that county in the legislature six years, and in the senate for eight years. His death occurred in 1861, His mother, Sarah A. Reed, was a native of Ohio, and died in the year 1881. A. R. Creigh was married, January 19, 1876, to Miss Lizzie Smith, a daughter of the late ex-Governor George Smith, whose history appears elsewhere. She was born August 11, 1857. They have one child, Mary E. REV. FATHER THOMAS DENENY, was born in County Cavan, Ireland, January 9, 1849, and was educated fn the classical schools in his native country. In August, 1868, he came to America, landing at New York, and then entered the St. Charles Col- lege, of Baltimore, from which he was graduated in classics, in 1869. He was then adopted by Bishop Hogan, of Kansas City, as a student, and was sent to Topeka, Kansas, where he studied philosophy for three years. He was afterwards sent to Notre Dame College, of South Bend, Indiana, which college he attended for one year, then went to Montreal, entered the Seminary of St. Sulpice, and, after one year, he was ordained and returned to St. Joseph, Missouri, there being redeemed by Bishop Hogan as priest. Subsequently, Father D. officiated at the Cathedral of St. Joseph for one year, when he was sent, by Bishop Hogan, to Cam- eron, this being in 1876. Since he came to Cameron, he has made many improvements to this church. CAPTAIN THOS. DOAK, Postmaster and dealer in cigars, tobacco, books, notions, etc., was born in Jacksonville, Illinois, September 15, 1839, ^""^ when three years of age his parents moved to Missouri and located in the Platte Purchase. His time until 1861 was spent in attending school, clerking in a store and working on a farm. His father made several changes and moved to DeKalb and Caldwell Counties. Being a carpenter he built the first houses in Kingston and Maysville. In the spring of 1861, Thomas went to Omaha, Nebraska, and enlisted as private in Company K, First Nebraska Infantry, remaining in service with this company till June 19, 1862. He then received a recruiting commission and raised Company H, Twenty-ninth Missouri Volunteers and acted as captain of the same command till December 19, 1864, when he was discharged on account of a severe wound received while in the battle of Chickasaw Bluffs, Mississippi. After this he returned to Cameron, Missouri. While in service he participated in forty-seven active battles. His wound was siiOAi. rowxsiiii'. 83 a severe one, a ball passing into the shoulder and lodging in the interior of the body, from where it has not been removed. He also received other slight wounds. After his return he remained in Cameron till 1867, when he embarked in the mercantile trade in Caldwell County, continu- ing two years in Mirabile and Kingston. In Ma)-, iS6g, he moved to Lathrop, where he was interested in the railroad project, and in October of the same year returned to Cameron, where he engaged in mer- chandizing as one of the firm of Walker, Stone & Co. He continued as a member of the firm till 1870, having been appointed to his present posi- tion in August of that year. He was the first marshal of the city, and served as such one term and part of another, having resigned on account of his removal from town. He was married April 1 1, 1866, to'Miss Sarah Caffing, who was born September 20, 1S49. She is a native of Ohio. They have had nine children, all boys, seven of whom are now living: Perry D., Walter A., William C, Fred M., John L., Thomas, Frank, now deceased, and an infant not named. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and belongs to the Star of Hope Lodge No. 182. J. B. DOUGLASS, physician and surgeon, was born in Clinton County, Missouri, March 11, 1848. He was reared and partly educated in his native county, and when twenty-one years of age, entered the State University of Missouri, which he attended two years, and at the same time studied for his pro- fession. He was graduated from the St. Louis Medical College in the spring of 1874, and soon after located in Lathrop, Clinton County, Mis- souri, where he began the practice of his profession. After remaining a short time he moved to Turney. He had a drug store at Lathrop, which he moved to Turney and continued there till June, 1875, when he located in Hamilton. There he was engaged in the medical profession till November, 1880, when he moved to Cameron. The doctor is a member of the Masonic fraternity. He was married September 16, 1874, to Miss Flora Bever. R. B. ELLIOTT, dealer in pianos and organs, and teacher of music, was born in Baltimore, Maryland, March 21, 1831, and while he was yet an infant his parents moved to Columbiana County, Ohio. When he was eight years of age, they moved to Wood County, Virginia, where he was reared and edu- cated. At the age of seventeen, he returned to Ohio, and there attended school for some time, and also taught music to some extent. In 1855, he returned to Virginia and located in Parkersburg, where he was engaged in working at the carpenter trade and teaching vocal music until 1869, when he became a resident of Kansas. Shortly after, «4 BIOGRAPHICAL. he moved to Kearney, Missouri, and continued his trade of contracting and building. Among the structures erected by him was the James Boys' barn, it being his last work. Since then, he has been engaged in teaching vocal and instrumental music. In October, 1873, he moved to Cameron, where he has since resided. He was first married, October 7, 1S52, to Miss A. A. Fisher, who was a native of Pennsylvania. She was born June 29, 1831, and died December 28, 1854. The)- had two chil- dren, both now deceased. He was again married, December 4, 1855, to Miss Maria Wise. She was born in Virginia, October i, 1821, and died December 9, 1878. His third marriage occurred July 14, 1879, to Mrs. Amanda V. Mott. She was born June 16, 1857. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and of the Knights of Honor. STEPHEN EMERY, inventor and patentee, was born in New Birmingham, England, in Novem- ber, 1832. In 1849, his parents emigrated to America, landing at New York, and soon located in Illinois, where Stephen learned the wagon maker's trade, which he followed while in this vicinity, also spent a part of his time in inventing. In 1868, he came to Cameron, where he has since resided. He immediately began working at his trade, and has been the inventor and patentee of many valuable articles. The I. X. L. well auger, patented August 26, 1S73, has been of great benefit to persons in this locality, and he also has a number of other valuable inventions, too numerous to mention. He was married in April, 1864, to Miss Phebe Mountain, of Pennsylvania. They have fi\'e children : Alice, Clara, William. John and George. S. B. EVANS, is a native of Tuscarawas County, Ohio, was born Februar\- 7, 1830, and was reared and educated in Harrison and Licking Counties. His father being a merchant, S. B., also followed the same business, in different parts of Ohio, till 1875, when he moved to Missouri, and located at Kidder, there embarking in mercantile trade, and afterwards was engaged in the same occupation in different parts of Missouri. He came to Cameron, in the spring of 1881. Mr. E. is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and belongs to Vincil Lodge No. 62. He was married, October 13, 1859, to Miss M. A. Sortor, a native of Ohio, who was born December 21, 1835. They have had four children, three now living : Frank P., born Julj- 5, 1861 ; Lillie M., born April 16, 1863, and Marynad B., born October r2, 1866. JOHN EWING, farmer, stock raiser, and dairj-man, section 27, post office Cameron, was born August 24, 1827, in Holmes Count}-. Ohio, where he was raised as a SHOAL TO\VXSHII\ 8$ farmer, there receiving the benefits of a common school education. He emigrated west in the spring of 1866, and landed in Cameron on the 28th of March, settling where he now resides, during the same fall. He has always followed agricultural pursuits, and his landed estate now consists of forty acres improved and eighty acres of timber and pasture land. He has a comfortable residence, a good orchard, etc. He was married, October 17, 1861, to Miss Susan Charlton. She is also a native of Holmes County, Ohio, and was born February 3, 1838. They have been blessed with a family of seven children, six of whom are living : Elma A., William E., John H., James \V., Charles E., and Cora E. Him- self and wife are active members of the Presbyterian Church of Cam- eron, in which he holds the position of elder. Mr. and Mrs. E. well merit the esteem in which they are held by a host of acquaintances. He has never been an office seeker, although he has filled the positions of school director and road overseer several terms. NATHAN B. FALES, farmer and dairyman, was born February g, 1817, in Genesee Count}', New York, and, wlien ten years of age removed with his parents to Cuyahoga County, Ohio, and to Trumbull County, of the same state, in 1S33. He received a common school education, spent his boyhood days on a farm, and learned the blacksmiths' trade of his father, at which he worked until 1845, then commenced farming, and, also, engaged in the dairy business. He emigrated West in 1868. He settled about one mile north of Cameron and there resided for three years, when he moved to the place he now occupies, located on section 30. He owns 1 12 acres of land in Kidder Township, DeKalb County, making one of the best stock and dairy farms in this vicinity, and upon it is a handsome residence. Mr. F. has filled the offices of road overseer and school director for several terms. He was married April 16, 1840, to Miss Carolina McKee, a native of Portage County, Ohio, born January 21, 1821. They have had six children, three of whom are living: Francis F., Louis E., and Newton N. Himself and wife are active members of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Cameron, in which he holds the position of trustee. Mr. F. is, entirely, a self-made man ; his first start in life was to buy a shop for $100, for which he was obliged to go in debt, but he has been able to rise over these obstacles, and is now one of DeKalb County's largest taxpayers. H. B. FALES, farmer, stock raiser and dairyman, section 35, post office Cameron, was born January 13, 1830, in Dunkirk, Cattaraugus County, New York, and was taken to Trumbull County, Ohio, by his parents, when about three 86 BIOGRAPHICAL. years of age. He there spent his boyhood days on a farm, receiving the benefits of a common school education, and, when twenty years of age, he commenced to learn the carriage maker's trade, which he fol- lowed for about four years. His health failing, he commenced peddling. He emigrated westward in 1857, and settled at Omaha, Nebraska, a small place at that time. He there engaged in farming and shipping stock to Iowa. In the spring of 1859, he moved about seventy-five miles west ot Omaha, and built what was known as Shin's Ferry. In the spring of i860, he went further west, and started a ranch at Julesburg, Colorado, remaining there until 1866, when he moved to Laramie Plains, and there started another ranch. He came to St. Joseph in 1S67, and to this county in the same fall, and settled where he now resides in the fall of 1868. He owns a fine farm of 472 acres, well improved and with a good orchard. It is situated about one and a half miles from Cameron, and is one of the best stock farms in the county. In partnership with M. E. Moore he owns four cheese factories. Clover Hill Factory is situated on his farm, near Cameron, and the others are located in Andrew, DeKalb and Caldwell Counties. Mr. Fales has been twice married ; first, on the 8th of January, 1867, to Miss Ada E. Hurd, a native of Ohio. She died October 21, 1872, leaving two children, one of whom is now living, Freddie. He married again April 17, 1877, Miss Mary E. Shreve, a native of Wayne County, Ohio, born October 8, 1849. They have had two children, Pearl E. and Harlon B. Himself and wife are acti\-e mem- bers of the Congregational Church, of Cameron, in which he holds the position of chairman of the board of trustees. He gives his attention to his own business, and well merits the esteem in which he is held. CHARLES T. FINLEY, proprietor of hotel, is a native of Indiana, and was born in South Bend, St. Joseph County, April 3, 1847. He was principally reared in his native state, working for a time in the shops of the Lake Shore Rail- road Company, and in the office of the La Porte County Herald for one year. In i860, he came to St. Joseph, and during that summer was employed by the historic Pony Express as one of the riders. From this time on until 1862, he was engaged in railroading near his native home. In the summer of 1862, he again came to St. Joseph, and was employed by the packet line from St. Joseph to Omaha, till fall, when he returned to Illinois, and was there engaged in railroading till the spring of 1863. At that time he enlisted in Company A, Twenty-ninth Cavalry, and was afterwards transferred to the Fifteenth Illinois, and remained in service until the close of the war. Mr. F.'s next move was to St. Louis, and while there he was employed by the packet company till 1867, after which he was engaged in railroading under different companies till 1877. For SHOAL TOWNSHIP. 87 many years he was an engineer. Since coining to Cameron, he has been engaged in his present business. He was married October 20, 1S69, while at Rock Island, Illinois, to Miss Jennie Barrett. She was born at Little Falls, New York, September 14, 1851. The>- have five children: Charles H., Mary M., William H., Cecil E., and Thomas E. HENRY A. FINLEY, the father of Charles T., who now resides in Cameron, is a native of Highland County, Ohio, and was born April 10, 1812. When six years of age, his parents moved to Greene County, and in the year 1824, moved to Shelby County, Indiana. He was reared on a farm, and in 183 1, he went to Indianapolis, Indiana. He has followed his trade over different parts of Indiana, Michigan and in St. Joseph. Mr. F. came to Cameron in 1866, and was for some time engaged at his trade, but later has been working in various branches of business. He was married June 22, 1843, to Miss Jane Fox. She was born in New York in the year 1826. Mr. F. was again married February 4, 1877, to Mrs. Mary J. Worden. By his first wife he had four children, of whom Charles T., Howard and Francis M. survive. C. I. FORD, farmer and dair)-man, section 23, post office Cameron, was born April 6, 1822, in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, and was reared at his birth place, receiving the benefits of a common school education. When nineteen years of age, he commenced business for himself first working by the month for about three years. He then married and located on a farm. He moved to Fulton County, Ohio, in 1853, purchased a steam saw mill and engaged in the lumber business, remaining therein for about eight )-ears, at that time selling out. He then resumed farming, and came to Missouri in 1866, settling on the property he now occupies. Mr. F. owns 250 acres adjoining the town of Cameron, and he has about thirty-five acres laid off in lots. He has disposed ot several acre lots upon which some of the finest buildings in the city are located. He owns a handsome brick residence, which was built in 1873. He gives his attention, principally, to the dairy business, and milks about forty cows. His stock is of high grade, and some of the animals are thoroughbreds. Mr. F. has filled the position of school director, and stands among the leading citizens of the county. He was married in December, 1843, to Miss Martha Packard, a native of the same state as her husband. They have had a family of eleven children, only three of whom are living : Sarah J., (now Mrs. E. M. Shaw), Cora A., (now Mrs. George T. Houser), and Henry E., who is now engaged in the harness business, at Cameron. Mrs. F. is a member of the Congregational Church of Cameron. 88 BIOGRAPHICAL. JUDGE A. W. FREDERICK, farmer and stock dealer, section 22, post office Cameron, was born March 26, 1832, in Carroll County, Ohio, and was reared at his birth place ; spending his boyhood days on a farm, he received a preparatory educa- tion in the common schools, and then attended a two years' course at Findlay High School, Hancock County, Ohio, at which institution he commenced the study of law and was admitted to the bar in 1861, He commenced the practic of his profession at Findlay and remained there twelve years ; was elected County Judge in 1863 for a three years' term, and was re-elected in 1S66. After this he continued the practice of his profession, remaining there one year, and in the fall of 1870 settled where he now resides. He owns thirty acres adjoining the town of Cam- eron, on which he has a comfortable residence. In the spring of 1871 he was appointed Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, by Governor B. Gratz Brown, to fill an une.xpired term of twenty months, was re-elected Judge of Clinton County in the fall of 1878 and filled a two years term. He commenced stock-raising and the wool-growing business in 1877, and deals quite extensively in fine cattle and sheep, and with the excep- tion of three car loads has shipped all the sheep which have, gone from this point in ten years. His landed estate consists of 700 acres, located in Clinton, Caldwell and DeKalb Counties. He superintends his farms personally. He was married October, 1853, to Miss A. M. T. Hale, a native of Jefferson County, Ohio, born in May, 1832. They have had three children : Samuel K., Maggie E. and Nellie T. Mr. F. is a mem- ber of the Masonic fraternity and belongs to Findlay Lodge No. 272. H. L. FREEMAN, dealer in dry goods and clothing, was born in Wayne County, Pennsyl- vania, October 15, 1834, and was reared in Luzerne County, to which he, with his parents, had moved when quite young. He was educated in the common schools, and, when eleven years of age, he began clerking in a store at Carbondale, Pennsylvania, and as such was unsurpassed. When in his nineteenth year, he began in business as a member of the firm of H. L. Freeman & Co., and continued one year, when almost the entire town was burned. Mr. F. then commenced again, forming a co-partnership under the firm name of Thompson & Freeman, which existed five years. His next move was to Waymart, Pennsylvania, where he sold goods for two years. In the spring of 1861, he went to Winona, Minnesota, simply on a visit, and for one year was on a pleasure expedition, hunting and fishing. Upon concluding to stay there, he began clerking, in which he continued for about two years, and, in 1865, purchased a farm, which he cultivated till 1870, then moved to SHOxVI, TOWNSIUI'. 89 Missouri, and located on a farm near Osborn, and afterward clerked in that town one year. During 1872-3, he was in the insurance business; in 1874-5, he traveled over Kansas for J. C. Ogden & Co., dealers in hats and caps ; and, in February, 1875, he opened his present store in Cameron, and has, from time to time, added to his stock until he has one of the leading stores of the city. His establishment is divided inta two departments, clothing and dry goods, one being 90x25 feet, and the other, 90x23 feet. He keeps in his employ eight men. Mr. F. was one of the charter members of Winona Commandery, Winona, Minnesota. He was married June 18, 1858, to Miss Sarah C. Starkweather. She was born in Wayne County, Pennsylvania, in 1836. They have had three children : Harry, born in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, June 24, i860; Nettie, born in Winona, Minnesota, in 1864 ; and Helen, born in Clinton County, Missouri, and died while young. JAMES GILCHRIST, farmer and stock raiser, section 1, post office Keystone, was born July 20, 1829, about twenty miles east of the City of Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland. He was reared at his birthplace, his boyhood days being spent on a farm, and he received the benefits of a common school edu- cation. He left the scenes of his childhood, and came to America, in 1855, landing at New York, from which city he went to Butler County, Ohio, and engaged in farming. He moved to Illinois in 1867, and thence to Clinton County, Missouri, in 1868, locating where he now resides. He purchased a half section of prairie land, commenced improving it, and now owns one of the finest farms in this vicinity, containing 360 acres. He gives his attention chiefly to stock raising. He commenced life a poor boy, and, by adhering to sterling principles of honesty and fair dealing, has risen gradually, until he now occupies a prominent position. Mr. G. was married, in February, 1875, to Miss Jennie Crider, a native of Pennsylvania. They have three children : Martha E., Edna G. and Claude S. A. A. GOFF, carpenter and contractor, was born in Lewis County, Virginia, July 16, 1834, and when seven years of age, his parents moved to Jackson County, of the same state, and when fifteen, they moved to Lawrence County, Ohio. At the age of seventeen, he began to learn the carpenter's trade which occupation he has followed during life. During the winter of 1854-5, he located in Caldwell County, Missouri. In 1861, he enlisted in the Home Guards for three months, and afterwards in the state militia, subsequently re-enlisting in the federal service, in Company H, Sixth Missouri Cavalry. He remained in service till March, 1865, when he xva.'^ 90 BIOGRAPHICAL. mustered out, having acted most of the time as orderly sergeant, in the frontier service. He received some severe wounds, from which he is now suffering. After being mustered out he returned home, and moved to St. Joseph, where he was engaged at his trade for over two )-ears. Later, Mr. G. moved to Cameron, where he has since resided. For several years he has been identified with many interests of the city, both in official and educational matters. He was married November i, 1857, to Miss Nancy J. Shirts, who was born in Columbiana County, Ohio, August 10, 1838. They have had nine children, eight of whom are living : Joseph R., Alonzo, John S., Annie, Melissa, Charles, Everest and one infant. HIRAM GORRELL, farmer and stock raiser, section 3, post office Cameron, is a native of Holmes County, Ohio, and was born on the 23d day of October, 1827, on a farm. He received a good education and remained with his parentis till the spring of 1856, when he went to Mirabile, Caldwell County, Mis- souri. He became engaged with Dr. Crawford, a merchant of that city, and remained in his employ for two years. Being prompt and energetic and upright in all his dealings,, he secured the esteem of all with whom he had business transactions. In the spring of 1858 he came to Clinton County; taught school and farmed, and now is owner of 180 acres of well improved land. He was united in marriage with Miss Elizabeth Jones July 5, 1854. Their famil}' consists of nine children, Lizzie, John H., Minnie, Martha B., Everett, Wilson, Ida, Ella and Myrtie. ORIS W. GRANNIS, of the firm of Smj-ser & Grannis, is a nati\'e of Canada, and was born in Toronto, September i, 1847. When quite young, his parents died, and he was brought to America, where he was raised. When near of age he learned the blacksmith trade, which he has followed over many different states, and in the spring of r88i, he located in Cameron, form- ing a partnership, which constitutes the present firm. Mr. G. was mar- ried December 25, 1874, to Miss Mamie Morris. She was born in Platts- burg, July 22, 1856. JAMES M. HARLAN, farmer and stock raiser, section 20, post office Turney, is a native of Huntsville, Madison County, Alabama, and was born on the thirteenth day of September, 1815. His education was received in the common schools. With his parents he moved to Hamilton, Butler County, Ohio, in 1825, and resided on a farm until 1827, when he moved to Washington County, Indiana, and in 1S29, to Fountain County, of the same state. In SHOAL TOWNSllIl'. 9I 1840, he came to Clinton County, working on a farm for two years, after which he purchased land, and, in 1850, associated himself with some thirty others. They procured about six j-oke of oxen and a wagon, and started from Plattsburg for California, crossing the Missouri River at St. Joseph. After a four months' trip they arrived at Nevada City, Califor- nia, and stopped at the Kelsey Dry Diggings. Mr. H. then went to the Humboldt River, and down that stream to the Great Desert, working in the mines at Gray Eagle. Finally, becoming tired of California, he returned to this count)-. He was united in marriage October, 1842, with ■Miss Elizabeth M. Potter, a native of Clay County, Missouri. She was born on the 29th day of May, 1822. She came to Clinton County, Mis- souri, in 1857. J. F. HARVVOOD, Attornej- for the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad Compan)-, was born in Cattaraugus County, New York, November 24, 1843. When ten years of age, his parents moved to Lorain County, t)hio, remaining there and in Cuyahoga County till i860, when they moved to Vermillion County, Illinois. He there began clerking and keeping books in a drug store at Champaign City, which business he continued till August, 1861, when he enlisted in Company G, Twenty-fifth Illinois Infantry for three years, and was discharged October, 1862, on account of disability. He then served one year in the secret service, returned to Illinois and was there engaged in the study of his profession, and looking after the inter- est of his farm. In 1865, he went to Omaha, Nebraska, where he was for one year studying his profession and keeping books in a grocery store. In 1866, he returned to Illinois, and continued his studies till June, 1867, when he located in Cameron, where he has since resided and has bee" engaged in the practice of law. He practiced for some time in Kansas City. He was married. September 13, 1864, to Miss Mary Etta Caldwell. She was born in Hendricks County, Indiana, in the year 1843. They have two children, Irene, born September 8, 1875, and George L., born January 2, 1878. S. S. HARE, traveling agent for the Fairbank Scale Company, and, also, insurance agent. He was born in Ashland County, Ohio, April 2, 1833, and when a child, his parents moved to Wyandotte County, where he was reared and educated. At the age of seventeen he began teaching school, which profession he followed for fifteen years. During the latter three years of this period, he taught in the high school of Ashland. In June, J 864, ne accepted a position as bookkeeper in the Ashland machine shops, which he continued to fill till February, 1863, when he enlisted in 92 BIOGRAPHICAL. Company A, One Hundred and Ninety-sixth Ohio Infantry, and remained in the service till the close of the war, being mustered out as sergeant- major. April 14, 1867, Mr. H. located in Cameron. While in O'hio' he learned the trade of plastering and bricklaying, which he followed in this city till 1870, and, after this, he was engaged in the commission business. In January, 1881, he accepted his present position. He was- married May 18, 1S54, to Miss Emiline Sponster, who was born May 5, 1S37, in Brookfield, Stark County, Ohio. They have three children: M. Myrtle, William Ed., and J. Clayton. JOHN HAYWOOD, farmer and stock raiser, section 21, post office Turney. This worthy pioneer is a native of Hardin County, Kentucky, and was born in Novem- ber, 1820, on a farm. At the age of twenty-one he learned the trade of wagon maker, at which he worked for about ten years. In the spring of 1850, he emigrated to Buchanan County, Missouri, and, in. 1 85 1, came to Clinton County, settling where he now resides. He worked at the carpenter's trade until i860. Mr. Haywood has held many prominent positions, while a resident of Missouri. He received a good education, which has fitted him for a thorough business man. His wise counsel is often consulted by others. He was married in the fall of 1849, to Miss Susan Pawley, a native of Kentucky. Their family con- sists of Mary E., Nancy C, James W., John S., George C, C. D., Lavina L., Lucy A., Thomas L., Marsena R., deceased, and Susannah E. JAMES HEFFRON, farmer and stock raiser, section 36, post office Cameron, was born Novem- ber 22, 1845, in Orange County, New York, and was taken to Steuben County, New York, when quite young, where he was principally raised on a farm, and in the lumber business. He received the benefits of a common school education, and, upon arriving at maturity, he turned his attention entirely to the lumber business, in which he continued until he came west. He moved to Tioga County, Pennsylvania, in 1867, remaining there about nine years, when he emigrated west, in the summer of 1876, and settled in Clinton County, on the place he now occupies. His landed estate consists of 240 acres of well improved land. At present (1881) he holds the office of school director. Mr. H. was married in 1868, to Miss Cath- erine M. Montz, a native "f Livingstone County, New York, born in 1S48. They have had three children, one of whom is living. Annie. Mrs. H. is a member of the Catholic Church. Mr. H. belongs to the Masonic fraternity. SHOAL TOWNSHIl'. 93 PHILIP HKFFLKFIXGER. farmer and stock raiser, section 12, post office Keystone, was born June T, 1838, in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, and there was reared, spending his boyhood days on a farm, and attending school. At the age of sixteen, he commenced to learn the tanner trade, and followed it three years. He then turned his attention to agricultural pursuits. He emigrated to Missouri in March, 1869, and settled at Plattsburg, and thence to the farm on which he now resides, in 1870. He owns eight}' .acres of land. It was unbroken prairie, and all the improvements have been made since that date. He has a good orchard and a never failing ijpring and good cattle. He commenced life a poor boy, and has advanced graduall)-, but sure, through life. He takes an active interest in educational matters, and holds the position of school director. He was married during the winter of 1858, to Miss Margaret J. Wagner, an estimable lady, also a native of Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, born in 1837. They have a family of six children living : Ida J., Annie C, Josephine McClellan, William W\, Cora K., and Flossy B. Himself, wife, and three eldest children, are active members of the Church of God, of Keystone, in which he holds the office of elder, and is one of its most liberal contributors and active church workers. He has always been an old time Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for John C Breckenridge. GEORGE HEINZ, carpenter and contractor, is a native of Germany, and was born in Wur- temberg. May 25, 1849. He was reared in his native country and received a fair education. When thirteen years of age he began to learn the trade of cabinet making, working as an apprentice for three years. In 1867, he came to America, landing in New York May 22d, and soon after •settled in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, remaining a short time, when he came to Cameron. Here he worked at his trade, and was engaged in other occupations. He was burned out, and then visited many localities seeking a new place of abode, but found no place like Cameron. He has now purchased a farm near this city, where he expects to locate some- time in the near future, having erected on this farm a fine residence. Mr. H. was married June 3, 1869, to Miss Paulina Kresse. She was born in Prussia in 185 1. They have four children: Charley, Anna, George, and Olive. Mr. and Mrs. H. are members of the German M. E. Church. W. HOLLINGTON, M. D., was bom in Westshire, England, August 16, 1830. In 1835 his parents, Joseph and Mary (Perry) emigrated to America, and were two months 94 BIOGRAPHICAL. on the water. They landed at New York and soon located in Wood County, Ohio, where the subject of this sketch was reared and educated. The school houses at that time were of the oldest style, having been built without a nail. His father was the first man to build a house in that locality by using nails. After receiving his primary education, he attended a higher school, known as Baldwin's Institute. In 1849 ^^ began the study of medicine at Bowling Green, and graduated from the Medical College at Ann Arbor, Michigan, in the spring of 1852. He soon began the practice of medicine in Morena, Lenawee County, Michigan, and continued in this locality till the winter of 1857, when he moved to Danville, Vermillion County, Illinois. There he was success- fully engaged in the practice of his profession till the summer of 1867. In 1861 he was appointed as Assistant Surgeon of the Twenty- fifth Illinois Infantry, and served as such until October, when he was promoted to Major Surgeon, which position he filled till the fall of 1864. He was then taken home in very feeble health. In 1867, Dr. H. came to Cameron, Missouri, and opened a drug store, in which business he was engaged till the fall of 1875, when he disposed of his store, and has since been leading a retired life, except in looking after his landed and finan- cial interests. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and a charter member of Star of Hope Lodge No. 182. He was married in October, 1853, to Miss Mary Whitehead. She was born in Newark, New Jersey, Septem- ber 13, 1835. They have had three children, two of whom are living: Ella E., bo.rn July 31, 1855, and Louis F., born June 1 1, 1863. J. T, HOUSE, grain dealer, is a native of Morrow County, Ohio, and was born April 29, 1842. He came to Cameron in 1867, and has for several years been engaged in the grain business, and is now one of the leading grain deal- ers in the county. His business is large and on the increase, and besides making Cameron one of his principal business points, is succesafully carrying on the same at Osborn and Lathrop. WILLIAM HOUGER, farmer and stock raiser, section 10, postoffice Cameron, is a native of Pennsylvania, and was born on the 25th day of July, 18 10, on a farm. At the age of thirteen years, he moved, with his parents, to Holmes County, Ohio, in 1823, and remained there thirty-five years, his occupa- tion being farming. In 1858, he came to Clinton County, Missouri, and purchased the farm on which he now resides, consisting of 190 acres of fine land under good improvements. Mr. H. was united in marriage with Miss Christina Bartlett a native of Pennsylvania. Their family consists SIIOAI, TOWNSHIP. 95 of A. L., William H., Amanda J., Louisa A., I. L., Andrew D., R. A., and J. W. G. C. HOWENSTEIN, manufacturer and dealer in furniture, is a native of Ohio, and was borii January 4, 1845, in the town of Bucyrus, Crawford County. He received his education in his native town, and when only seventeen years of age, or in 1 86 1, he enlisted in Company K., Sixty-fourth Ohio, and remained in service for three years and three months. He participated in a num- ber of important battles, and was mustered out as sergeant. He was taken prisoner at Fort Mission Ridge, October 30, 1S63, and held for thirteen months, spending most of the time in Andersonville prison. After he was mustered out, he returned home, and having learned the trade of cabinet maker, he began in the furniture business, which' he con- tinued in this locality for two years, then went to Omaha, Nebraska, and was there in the employ of the Union Pacific car shops, till January, 1869, when he came to Cameron, and began in his present business. This is not only located in Cameron, but he has a fine store in Hamilton, Mis- souri. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and belongs to Vincil Lodge No. 62. Mr H. was married January 4, 1870, to Miss Lou. Lewis, of Ohio. They have had three children, two of whom are now living, Grace E. and George G. L. S. HURD, general real estate agent, and, also, agent for the McCormick reapers and mowers, was born in Portage County, Ohio, April 9, 1849, and grew to manhood in his native county, where he attended school. He enjoyed excellent educational advantages, always improving his time and talents. In December, 186S, he came to Cameron, where he has since resided. Previous to this he made farming his occupation, but since then has been engaged in different branches of business. He is, at present, engaged in the real estate business, and is competent and reliable, attending to any transactions in his line of business. His father. Freedom, was born in Colebrook, Connecticut, and emigrated to Ohio, when nine years of age, and has made farming his occupation during life ; his father, G. F., was also a native of Connecticut, and of English descent. The mother of L. S., whose maiden name was Hannah Moore, is a native of Ohio ; her father, Nathaniel Moore, was born in Ireland. IKNER & SCHNEIDERMVER, produce dealers and shippers. The senior partner of this firm, J. J. Ikner, is a native of Germany, and was born in Wardenberg April 17, 1841. When thirteen years of age, he emigrated to America with his 96 BIOGRAPHICAL. parents, landing in New York, and soon after he located in Holland, New York. After residing indifferent parts of that state till 1864, he went to Iowa, and in 1866. took a trip to Montana, where he remained till 1869. He returned to Iowa, having been engaged in various busi- ness in the different states. For several 3'ears Mr. I. has been dealing in produce. He located in Cameron March, 1880. He was married September 7, 1872, to Miss Alice F. Flemming. She was born in Har- rison County, Missouri, October 16, 1852. They have three children: Mary M., born May 18, 1871 ; Ira, born February 18, 1875 ; Pearl, born April 10, 1881. The junior partner of the firm, Herman Schneidermyer, was born in Western Prussia, January i, 1847, and came to America when a child. He lived near St. Louis, on a farm, for about five years, when his parents moved to Fort Madison, Iowa, where they now reside. He received a fair education, both in the English and German schools, and while in Fort Madison, learned the cooper trade, which he followed, at various places, till a short time before locating in Cameron. THOMAS P. JONES, farmer and stock raiser, section 12, post office Cameron, was born in Wooster, Wayne County, Ohio, on the 6th day of January, 1833, and when four years of age, with his parents, he moved to Holmes County, Ohio, and was there raised and received a common school education. He made his home there till 1856, and in 1857 came to Missouri, living in Caldwell County for two years. In the spring of 1858 he came to Clin- ton County and settled where he now resides, his farm containing 660 acres of well improved land. Mr. J. was married in March, 1861, to Miss Nannie Parker, a native of Caldwell County, Missouri, and by this mar- riage they have eight children : William M., Zellette V., Susie B., John H., James L., Kerrins C, Harrison N. and Ellsworth T. JAMES F. JONES, is a native of Holmes County, Ohio, and in 1S57, with his parents, mo\'ed to Caldwell Count)', Missouri, remaining there until 1858, when he came to this county and settled some three miles south of Cameron. He enjoyed good educational advantages in his youth, and after becom- ing of age, he manifested a fancy for the stock business, and his excel- lent judgment in the selection of fine animals, commended him to the notice of older heads. His genial nature, courteous manners, and wise sagacious management, have made him one of the best, as he is one of the most popular, stock men of the county. Of late years, he has given much attention in making selections from among the best herds of Mis- souri, and in 1880, made quite a purchase from a noted breeder of Ken- SHOAI, TOWXSHir. 97 tucky. His farm consists of five hundred acres of land, well improved and watered. He was united in marriage, December, 1879, ^^'''^h Miss Effie \\'ardell, a native of Canada Falls. Their family consists of two children, Orra and Garfield. WILLIAM KEESAMAN. farmer and stock raiser, section 12, post office Raytown, was born Octo- ber 6, 1819, in Cumberland County, Pennsj-lvania. He was reared at his birthplace, spending his boyhood days on a farm and receiving a com- mon school education. At the age of fifteen he commenced to learn the blacksmith trade. He served a five j-ears' apprenticeship and afterward followed it fifteen years. He then turned his attention to farming, which he followed until he came west in the spring of 1868. He stopped about six months in Illinois, then came west to Missouri, and settled in Clin- ton County near Lathrop, thence to the place on which he now resides in the spring of 1870. His landed estate now consists of 166 acres of improved land and ten acres of timber. His farm is well watered, he has a young orchard, a comfortable residence, etc. He gives his atten- tion principally to stock raising. In his business transactions he is iipright and reliable, and has the respect and esteem of a large circle of friends. He was married in August, 1844, to Miss Sarah Mouray, a native of Cumberland County, Pennsylvania. They have six children : John A., Nicolas M., MaryC. (now Mrs. Geo. Bond), William A., George W. and Annie M. They have lost three. They have also raised three adopted children : Nancy B. Finkinbiner, David Lacklan and Bertha E. Evans. In their religious preference they are in sympathy with the German Reformed church, of which thej- were members while residents of Pennsylvania. SAMUEL KENDIG, farmer and stock raiser, section i, post office Keystone, was born June 20, 1828, in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania. He was reared in his native state and spent his boyhood days on a farm in the vicinity of Green Spring. He received his education in the old log school houses and subscription schools of the vicinity. He has always followed farm- ing as an occupation. During the late war he assisted in organizing a company for active service, but the quota was full and they disbanded ; his brothers afterward enlisted and he remained at home to take care of his aged parents. He emigrated to Illinois, in the fall of 1868, and lived there one year, then came to Clinton County, Missouri, and settled where he now resides. He now owns 120 acres of well improved farm land and ten acres of timber. He has a handsome residence, a good orchard, and his farm is well stocked. He has filled the position of 98 BIOGRAPHICAL. school director several terms and superintended the building of the school house at Keystone. He was married, in 1854, tO' Miss Sarah J. Weaver, a native of the same place as her husband, born in 1S34. They have seven children : Lizzie B. (now Mrs. Alonzo Bryant), S. Abner, Barbara J. (now Mrs. M. Hoffman), Harry, J. Weaver, Clinton C, and Willis. Himself, wife, and four of the children, are active members of the Church of God, in which he holds the position of elder. J. B. KESTER, tinner, Cameron, is a native of Holmes County, Ohio, and was born April 28, 1849. In 1865, he accompanied his parents to Clinton County, Missouri. His education was acquired in his native county, and, until 1866, he resided on a farm. He then commenced work at the carpenter's trade for three years, and then learned his present trade, which he has since followed, having worked in different parts of Missouri, Kansas and in San Francisco. In 1880, he began as one of the present firm, Kestor, Shirts & Co., doing all kinds of job work, steam fitting, etc. He was mar- ried December 24, 1876, to Miss Jessie Corn, who was born in Holmes County, Ohio, September 14, 1865. They have one child, Nellie, born December 24, 1878. JOHN F. KING, M. D.. was born in Williamson County, Tennessee, September 3i, 1831, and was raised and educated in his native county. He made choice of the practice of medicine as a profession, and, after a thorough preparation, in May, 1854, he was graduated from the medical department of the University of Nashville, and began as a practitioner at Allen Springs, Allen County, Kentucky, where he remained one year. In May, 1855, he came to what is now Cameron, Missouri, before the town had attracted attention, being only a prairie. He was the first physician that located at this point, and also one of the first citizens. He is a Mason, and member of Vincil Lodge, No. 62. His father, James, was a native of North Carolina, and his mother, Elizabeth, of Virginia. They were both of English descent. He was married in Kentucky, Sep- tember, 1854, to Miss Elizabeth D. Hare, of Kentucky. They have had seven children, three now living : Ersten A., James E., and Mary E. P. C. KISHPAUGH, M. D., was born in New Jersey, February 15, 1830. When five years of age he, with his parents, Henry and Sarah (Chisler), moved to Lodi, Seneca County, New York, where he was educated. After receiving his primary education he attended the Academy of Ovid, in the same county, for SlIDAI, low NSlllI'. 99 two years, when he then began the study of medicine, graduating in the .Albany Medical College of New York, and he began his practice in Clyde, Sandusky County, Ohio, where he continued five years and tlien moved to Tiffin, Seneca County, Ohio. He continued the practice of medicine in this locality till 1869, when he came to Cameron, Missouri, where he has since pursued his chosen calling. His homestead contains forty acres of land, finely improved and well supplied with both large and small fruit. He has four acres of vineyard, three acres of raspber- ries, one hundred pear trees, seventy-five cherry trees, two thousand apple trees and other small fruit. His house and location are unusually pleasant and inviting. He was married on April 2, 1855, to Miss Sarah Culver. She was born December 25, 1835, and is a native of Seneca County, Ohio. They have one child, Mettie M., born December 1 1, i860, J. H. KITTKIDGE, liveryman and real estate agent, was born in Charleston, Maine, April 9, 1832. When three years of age his parents moved to Waterville, and when five years of age, moved to Milo, where he remained till eighteen years of age. He was educated in Milo, and in 1850, he went to Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts, where he lived for a short time, and then went to Amherst, New Hampshire, where he learned the moulder's trade, and followed the same in that locality, for five years. He then worked in different parts of New York, Pennsylvania and Georgia, and in the spring of 1857, he returned to his native home, and was there engaged in the saw mill business till the breaking out of the war, when he enlisted in Company D, Second Maine Infantry, their company being the first to leave the state. He remained in service two years, acting as orderly sergeant most of the time, and participated in a number of the most important battles. After leaving the army, he returned home, and resumed his business at milling. In 1865, he moved to Clarence, Iowa, where he located on a farm till 1868, when he moved to DeKalb County, Missouri, and in 1875, he made his home in Cameron, engaging in his pres- ent business. He is a member of Vincil Lodge No 62, A., F. & A. M., ahso of A. O. U. W., No. 38, and Royal Temple No. i. He was married in 1857, to Miss Ella Thomas. She was born in Brownville, Maine, in 1835, and died in 1877, leaving three children : Dalbert S., Lillie and Bertie. He was married, September 10, 1877, to Miss Kmma I^rant. She was born in 1857, and is a native of Ohio. The\- ha\c by this marriage, two children, May and Roy. M. G. ij-:ach, agent for the United States and American Express Companies, was born in Plympton, Massachusetts, November 9, 1838. He received his educa- rOO BIOCRArHICAL. tion in his native town, and, while a boy, worked in a boot and shoe manufactory. In 1854, he, with his parents, moved to Howard County, Iowa. His parents returned to Massachusetts, while he remained and entered a tract of land in the same county, and, for some time, followed the occupation of driving stage and clerking in a store. In 1859, li^ returned to Massachusetts and worked in a boot and shoe manufac- tory till the firing on Fort Sumpter, when he enlisted in Company H, Third Massachusetts Infantry, for three months. He had belonged to the state militia for six years previous. At the expiration of three months, he re-enlisted in Company H, Eighteenth Massachusetts, and remained in active service three years, participating in a number of the historical battles of the war. numbering, in all, twenty-eight. ' He received a serious wound, which disabled him for duty for some time. In November, 1864, he came west, to Quincy, and accepted a position as express messenger from Quincy to St. Joseph, and continued for eigh- teen months, when he then accepted the agenc}' for the same, and was stationed at Chillicothe. He also bought the stage line between this city and Princeton, which he operated for two years. He then accepted the same route as express messenger, which he continued six months, and then purchased a farm near Chillicothe, where he located and was engaged in agricultural pursuits till 1S75, when he, the third time, accepted the same route as express messenger, which he continued till Februarj-, 1S81, when he located in Cameron and took charge of the office at this point. He was married, November 7, 1866, to Miss Kate Jennings, of Chillicothe. They have six children : Jessie, Effie B., Charles G., Mamie, Laura, and Melvin. O. B. LINGLE, of the firm of Lingle, Middaugh & Co., grocers, is a nati\e of Crawford County, Ohio, and was born November 13, 1844. In the fall of 1861, although not seventeen years of age, he enlisted in Company E, Sixty- eighth Ohio Infantry, re-enlisted in July, 1863, and was mustered out in July, 1865. He was with Sherman on his march to the sea, and par- ticipated in thirty-six general engagements, and, also, in a number of skirmishes. He then returned to Ohio, and was engaged in different occupations till 1867, when he moved to Cameron, Missouri, and was, for seven years, engaged in the milling busiuess. In 1879, he began in his present business. Mr. L. was married December 5, 1866, to Miss Mary Packard, of Medina County, Ohio. They have one child Elmer L. E. V. LINGLE. the subject of this sketch, is a native of Ohio, and was born in Fulton Count}-, January 7, 1847. He was reared on a farm in his native county. and was educated in the common schools. In February, 1865, he enlisted in Company E, Sixty-eighth Ohio, and was mustered out at the close of the war, "after which, he returned to his native home and was engaged in tilling the soil till the spring of 1866, when he located in Cameron. He then began work in the mill of which he is now a partner. ]\Ir. L. was married December 8, 1872, to Miss Mary C. Cline, a native of Penn- s)-lvania. They have one child : Walter T., born Juno 13, 1877. L. C. LIVENGOOD, farmer and stock raiser, section 30, post office Cameron, was born June 22, 1839, '" Somerset County, Pennsylvania. He was raised in Allegheny, Fayette and Westmoreland Counties. He spent his boy- hood days on a farm and received the benefits of a common school edu- cation. He worked some four years at the cooper trade. During the late war he enlisted in Company B, Twenty-eighth Pennsylvania Infantry, and served until the close of the war, taking part in many of the hardest fought battles, among which may be named Antietam, Chancellorsville, Lookout Mountain, Gettysburg, and with General Sherman, on his famous march to the sea. He held the position of sergeant most of the time. At the close of the war he returned to Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, and engaged in boating on the Ohio River. He emigrated west in the spring of 1871, and settled in Clinton County, and engaged in agricultural pursuits. He now owns two fine farms of 160 acres each. He has held the office of school director almost continuously since he has been a resident of the county. He was mar- ried, in the fall of 1866, to Miss Annie Mayer, a native of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. They have had six children : Maggie, Harry, Minnie, Leon, Mary and Bert ; deceased, two. Mrs. L. is a member of the Presbj-terian Church. WILLIAM McCALLUM. Roadmaster on the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad, was born in Clinton, New York, August 7, 1837, and when nine years of age his parents moved to Michigan, remaining in that state till 1859, when they moved to Illinois. Since that time he has been in the employ of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad Company, it being the only regular business in which he has been engaged. He is a Mason and member of Cameron Lodge No. 296, also of Royal Arch Chapter No. 62 and Kadosh Commandery No. 21. He was married in October, 1868, to Miss Mary E. Harroun. She was born in New York in 1842, and died in 1879, leaving three children : Charles D., William H. and George D. 102 BIOGRAraiCAL. JOHN p. M(CARTNP:Y, farmer and stock raiser, section i, post office Cameron, is a native of Harrisonburgh, Rockingham Count)% Virginia, and was born in 1819. He obtained a common school education, and, in 1834, with his parents, moved to Knox County, Ohio, near Mount Vernon, settling on a farm there remaining until 1842. Like many others, he decided to go west, and consequently came to Missouri, settling in Caldwell County, near Mirabile, there making his home until 1843. He went to Gainesville, Missouri, where he did a general merchandise business, and soon after returned to Clinton and devoted his time to the nursery business, he having owned the first one in Clinton County. By close application and constant work, he soon built up an excellent trade, although having commenced with but limited means. He has always been prudent in his expenditures, and richly merits the success which has attended his career. Into whatever he has undertaken he has thrown his whole energy. He was clerk at the first sale of lots sold in Cameron, and has taken an active interest in the prosperity of the town. He is now owner of about 700 acres of fine land. In 1861, he found a wife in the person of Miss Angelina Thomas, a daughter of William Thomas. THOMAS McCOMB, farmer and stock raiser, section 28, also proprietor Union House, Cam- eron, was born December 12, 1827, in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, and was taken to Carroll County, Ohio, by his parents in 1836. He spent his boyhood days on a farm, receiving the benefits of a common school education, and first engaged in teaching, until he had earned sufficient money to buy a piece of land, and engaged in farming, He commenced in the mercantile business in 1865, in which he continued until 1869, when he sold out, and came west. He settled in Clinton County, where he now resides, and is the owner of 280 acres of fine land, fifty acres of which are timber. He also owns and conducts the Union House, opposite the Union Depot, at Cameron. He is no office seeker, although he has held the position of school director several terms. In his manners, he is much of a gentleman. Mr. McC. was married, June 3, 1852, to Miss Eliza J. Stevenson, a native of Ireland, born May 22, 1829. They have had eight children : Nancy J., now Mrs. R. B. Sadler, William E., Ella F., David S., Albert T., James C, Martha E. and John R. Himself and wife, and three of his children, are members of the Congregational Church of Cam- eron, in which he holds the position of deacon. J. C. McCRAY, real estate agent, was born in Pike Count}-, Illinois, April 27, .'847. In 1849, he moved with his parents to Caldwell County, Illinois, where SIIOAl. TOWNSHIl'. 103 he resided till December, 1880, when he moved to Cameron. He was educated in the common schools and reared on a farm, and was for a number of j-ears engaged in the stock business. In 1873, he embarked in the mercantile trade, which he continued till 1877. After this time he was principally engaged in the hotel business and real estate. In 1863, he enlisted in the State militia, and in 1864, in Company H of the Forty- fourth Missouri Infantry, and remained in service till the close of war. He was married December 25, 186S, to Miss Alice Payne. She was born in Daviess County, Missouri, January 18, 1852, and died March 16, 1872. He was again married September 2, 1873, to Mrs. Jennie E. Ross, whose maiden name was Estep. She was born in Wayne County, Indiana, January 28, 1847. He had by his first marriage one child, Horrie E., and by his second marriage two children, Clyde and Jessie E. He is a Mason and member of Kingston Lodge No. 118, Royal Arch Chapter No. 45, and of Kadosh Commandery No. 21, and of the Hamilton I. O. O. F". Encampment No. TJ. w. w. McGregor, dealer in hardware, stoves and tinware, is a native of Massachusetts, and was born August 16, 1853, iri the town of Millville. When nine j-ears of age, his parents moved to Kentville, Canada, where they remained till he was sixteen years of age and returned to his native home. He received a fair primary education in the common schools, and afterwards attended the Blackstone College of Blackstone, Massa- chusetts, for three years. In 1869, removed to Cameron, Missouri, where they have since resided. He was for three years working at the tinners' trade, since which time he has been engaged in his present business. He was married December 10, 1874, to Miss Alice Provolt, of Ohio. They have two children — Ethel and Bell. His father, John McGregor, is a native of Scotland, and was born in Campsie, November 29, 18 13. When about eleven years of age, he learned the spinners' trade in Glas- gow, where he followed his trade till 1841, the year of his emigration to America. After coming to America he located in Massachusetts, and has principally followed his trade in all his various moves mentioned in the history of our sketch. Since he came to Cameron he has been leading a retired life, except in the way of building, 'n which he has added much to the improvement of the town. He was married December 31, 1835, to Miss Agnes Alexander while in Glasgow, Scotland, where she was born November 15, 18 16. They have had five children, two of whom are living — Charles and W. W. Charles, who is now railroading in Texas, was born January 21, 1849. FRANCIS McGUINNIS, or Mac, as he is familiarly known, depot and baggage master for the Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad, at Cameron Junction, was born July 27, I04 BIOGRAPHICAL. 1832, in Somerset, Pulaski County, Kentucky, and was reared at his birth place, until seventeen years of age. He then moved to Adams County, Illinois, where he afterwards married, and engaged in farming and stock raising. During the late war, in 1861, he enlisted in Company B, Sixteenth Illinois Infantry. After serving nine months, he was dis- charged on account of disability. He was with the first troops that came over the Hannibal & St. Joseph, and assisted in taking down six- teen Confederate flags. He commenced his railroad experience in 1862, with the Hannibal & St. Joseph, and has filled various positions. He took charge of the yards February 27, 1876, and in March, 1880, accepted his present position. He held the position of sergant-at-arms in Mis- souri Legislature, for the years 1866 and 1867. Also held the position of superintendent of registration at the close of the war for Chariton, Linn, Putman and Sullivan Counties. He was married in March, 1852, to Miss Olive C. Gould, a native of Adams County, Illinois. They have three children : Sarah E. (now Mrs. Charles Leport), Mary B. (now Mrs. John Proud), and William B. Himself and wife have been members of the Christian Church since 1853. He is a member of the Masonic order. Blue Lodge and Commandery. SAMUEL MATTHIS was born in Kentucky, September 27, 1S04. He was there reared and educated. When seventeen years of age, he apprenticed himself to the gunsmith trade, working as an apprentice for four years. He then worked journeyman work till 1S27, when he located in Russellville, Kentucky, and was there engaged in manufacturing and repairing till 1856, and the fall of the same year he moved to Missouri, making the journey by team, starting October 2, and landing in Platte County November 7, where he remained till February 26, 1857, and moved to Caldwell County, where he was engaged in agricultural pursuits and raising stock till July 19, 1864, when he moved to Cameron, having sold his farm and invested his means in town property, which he has since improved, and for which he is deserving of much credit. He has been twice married ; first, in the year 1829, to Miss Fannie Curd. She was born in 1806, and was a native of Kentucky. She died in 1833. They had three children, only one of whom is now living — David W., or Watt, as he is familiarly called, proprietor of the Cameron House. He was married the second time in November, 1835, to Miss Margarette A. Fra- zier. She was born in Russellville, Kentucky, November, 181 5. Mr. and M-rs. Matthis have been active members in the Baptist Church for many years, and are now the only two of the original members of the Cameron Church that are living. His ancestors were from Pennsylvania. SHOAI. TOWNSHll'. I05 CAMERON HOTEL, D. \V. Mattliis, proprietor. One of the important features to commer- cial travelers, at the present day and age, is as to which are the best hotels on their respective routes. Among those that are pre-eminent, and have attained a wide and well merited reputation, is the above named hotel. The structure was erected by Samuel Matthis, and was opened to the public as a hotel soon after. The urbane proprietor, D. \V. Matthis, or Watt, as he is familiarly called, has become noted as a caterer, and knows the wants of " ye" weary and hungry traveler. The hotel is a three story brick, conveniently arranged on the most improved plans, and com- plete in all its appointments. His trade has been steady, and constantly on the increase, and in the season of 1881 attained such a magnitude, that necessitated his adding an additional number of rooms, to meet the increasing patronage. Watt, by his affability and genial demeanor, makes his guests perfectly at home. G. S. MERWIN. carpenter and contractor, was born in Northampton County, Pennsyl- vania, July 14, 1828. He was reared in different parts of his native state, and when twenty years of age he learned the carpenter trade, which he has followed during life. In 1868, he moved to Missouri and located in Clinton County. He is a Mason, and member of Vincil Lodge No. 62. He was married December 19, 1850, to Miss Lina Beebe. She was born in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, February 6. 1S31. They have had five cTiildren, four of whom are living : JVIary A., George T., Berr\- M., Hugh H. CHARLES MEYER, farmer and stock raiser, section 35, post office Cameron, was born Feb- ruary 18, 1834, in Prussia, Germany, where he lived until eighteen \ears of age. He was reared on a farm and received the benefits of a com- mon school education. He crossed the ocean in the summer of 1854. and landed at New York in June of that year. He emigrated west and settled in La Fayette County, Missouri, where he engaged in farming. He made a trip to this county in 1856, to select a home, and moved his family here in the fall of 1 857. He settled on a farm in the country. Cam- eron at that time contained but two stores. During the late war he assisted in defending the lives and property of the citizens, having served in the state militia and took part in the engagement at Camden Point. He moved to the farm on which he now resides in the spring of 1865. He owns 280 acres of well improved land, mo.st of his fencing being hedges. He has a handsome residence. He has filled the position 106 BIOGRAPHICAL. of school director nine years. He was married October 13, 1857, to Miss Margaret Definbrink, a native of Indiana, born June 14, 1841. She was principally raised in La Fayette County, Missouri. They have ten chil- dren : John W., Mary A., Charles H., James U., William F., Kate G., Elizabeth, Albert B., Lewis and Franklin A.; lost three. Himself and wife are active members of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Cameron, in which he has held the office of steward and trustee. CAPTAIN TIMOTHY MIDDAUGH, of the firm of Lingle, Middaugh & Co., is a native of Bourbon County, Kentucky, and was born April 6, 1837. When one year of age his parents moved to Missouri and located in Caldwell County, where he was reared. In a few days after the breaking out of the war he enlisted in the Federal service in Company A, Sixth Missouri Cavalry, and remained in the service till the close of the war, at which time he held the commission •of captain. After the close of the war he engaged in the stock business till May 1880, where he commenced his present business. He was married November i, 1866, to Miss Alena Daugherty. She was born in St. Louis, May 5, 1867. They have two children : Alena, born Novemberai, 1867, and Jessie, born July 22, 1874. WM. F. MILLER, of the firm of Dietrich & Miller, dealers in groceries and provisions, was born in Shelby County, Kentucky, October 7, 1828. He was reared in his native state on a farm. In 1855, he moved to Daviess CountyMis- souri. In 1862, he enlisted in the Federal service, in Company A, First Missouri Infantry, holding the position as hospital steward one year, when he was discharged, at Lexington Missouri, on account of disability. He then went to Indiana, where he remained two years ; then moved near Bloomington, Illinois, where he remained six years ; then moved to Kansas, and, in the spring of 1881, came to Cameron, engaging in his present business. From the time he left the army till he came to Cam- eron, was engaged principally in the stock business. He was married, September 30, 185 i, to Miss Nancy Ashby. They have had seven child- ren, three living : Rosa T., Mary E. and Nellie M. ISAAC MOORE, farmer and stock raiser, section 24, post office Turney, was born August 9, 1828, in Derbyshire, England, and was reared there as a farmer, and has made agricultural pursuits his occupation through life. He came to the United States June 18, 1859, and landing at Castle Garden on the 19th of July, he settled in Herkimer County, New York, and engaged in farm- SHOAI. TOWNSHIP. I07 ing. Ho remained there ten )-ears ; then emigrated to Clinton County, Missouri, and settled where he now resides. He has improved a fine farm of 160 acres ; twenty acres of timber. He commenced life under unfavorable circumstances, being thrown upon his own resources when nine years of age. He has made himself a worthy type of independent manhood. He was married October 11, 185 1, to Miss Emma Green, a native of England, born Februar)- 7, 1829. They have had four children, two of whom are living : William and Emma J. M. E. MOORE, of the firm of Pales & Moore, proprietors of Clover Hill Cheese Factor)'. Among the many industries of this county none are more worthy of mention than the productions of the dairy. The subject of our sketch has done much to raise the standard and awaken an interest in this industry. He is a native of Cuyahoga County, Ohio, and was born Jan- uary 6, 1847, and was reared at his birth place, spending his boyhood dajs on a dair>' farm and receiving his early education at the common schools of the vicinity; then attended college at Hiram, Ohio, and completed his attendance at school with a commercial course at Poughkeepsie, New York. He emigrated to Missouri in 1868, and engaged in the mercantile business at Cameron, Missouri, and afterwards dealt in real estate. In 1874, he formed a partnership in the dairy business with H. B. Fales. He is a live, active business man, and gives his attention to his legiti- mate business, of which he is a thorough master, understanding its details, and the firm at the present time are operating four dairies. He- was married December 11, 1878, to Miss M. La Verne, an estimable lady of French descent, born in Ohio in April, 1857. They are active mem- bers of the M. E. Church. Mr. M. is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and belongs to Vincil Lodge No. 62, of Cameron. JOHN S. NELSON, of the firm of Nelson & Lilc, grocers, is a native of Missouri, and was born in Daviess County, October 29, 1842. He was raised and educated in his native county, and when eighteen years of age, began clerking, first, in a drug store. He continued clerking in different branches of bus- iness throughout Missouri, till 1881, when he began in his present business. During the years 1869-70, he was here engaged in the lumber trade, having come to Cameron in 1868. He is a Mason, and member of Vincil Lodge No. 62. Mr. N. was married, April 10, 1870, to Miss Mary F. Stout, of Missouri. They have three children : Charlej- O., M. B. and Frank. I08 BIOGRAPHICAL. JOHN OSSMAN, farmer and ice merchant, section 15, post office Cameron, is a native of Germany, and was born in August, 1S24. He received a good educa- tion, having spent about seven years at college. In 1844, he enlisted in the German army, serving for thirteen months. Upon the death of his father, he was discharged from service, and took charge of his father's estate. Mr. O. was married, in 1848, to Miss Mary Worker, of Germany. He remained upon the old homestead till 1849, when he came to Amer- ica, landing at New Orleans. He then went to St. Louis, and, for two years, was in poor health. In 1851, he moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, and worked for two years in a cabinet shop, going from there to Carroll County, Kentucky, where he farmed for three years. In 1857, he came to Clinton County, Missouri, and farmed for two years. For seven years he was engaged in the same avocation, in DeKalb County. In 1861, he enlisted in the Sixth Missouri Volunteer Cavalry, for three years, and participated in many battles, serving his entire time. He was mustered out at Sedalia, Missouri. Returning to Clinton County, he again commenced tilling the soil, and now owns 120 acres of fine land, also a large ice house. His family consists of Lenoa, Fred, Albert, Gertie, and Edward, deceased. O. C. PACKARD, farmer and dairyman, section 25, post office Cameron, was born July 27, 1835, in Hampshire County, Massachusetts, and was raised to farming a.nd the dairy business. He received the benefits of a common school education, to which he has added much knowledge by self-application. He learned the carpenter's trade, which he followed during the summer seasons and taught school in the winter. Mr. P. emigrated west in the spring of 1865, and settled at Mendota, Illinois, afterward coming to Cameron, Missouri, where he located in November of the same year. His first farm was on section 24, and his residence was the only one in sight, southeast of town, for about two years. He moved to his present location in the spring of 1868, and his landed estate consists of 13? acres in Clinton County, and fifty acres in DeKalb County. He has a comfortable residence, which he erected himself He gives his atten- tion principally to the dairy business ; during the summer of 1880, he averaged $iOO per month from the milk of twenty cows. He has filled the position of school director for eight years and clerk for six years. Mr. P. was married April 2, 1863, to Miss Sophia Dean, a native of Berkshire County, Massachusetts, born April 10, 1840. They have one child : Herbert M., born July 18, 1867. They are active members of the Congregational Church of Cameron, in which he holds the position of trustee. SHOAl, TOWNSIIII'. 109 C. E. PACKARD, farmer, stock raiser and dairyman, section 24, post office Cameron, was born March 19, 1838, in Hampshire County, Massachusetts, and was reared at his birthplace as a farmer, receiving the benefits of a common school education. He moved to Clinton County, Ohio, in 1858, where he engaged in teaching, and emigrated to Missouri in 1863, accepting the position as agent and operator at Cameron for the Hannibal & St. Joe Railroad Companj'. He held this position for four years, and also car- ried on the lumber business. In 1867 he turned his attention to agricul- tural pursuit's, and now owns a fine farm of 160 acres near Cameron, and his handsome residence stands within a mile and a half of the city. His attention is devoted chieflj- to the dairy business. He is keeping about forty milch cows. He has taken an active part in the up-building of Cameron and is numbered among the best respected citizens of the county. He was one of the first to manifest an interest for educational matters. During the late war he assisted in defending Cincinnati when it was threatened by Kirby Smith in fall of 1862, and after coming to this state joined the Enrolled Missouri Militia in 1864. He was married to Miss Araminda Utter, native of Ohio, born March 13, 1842. They have had five children, four of whom are living : William, Clark, Eva and Martha. Himself and wife are active members of the Christian Church of Cam- eron, in which he holds the position of elder. W. G. PARK. farmer and stock speculator, section 18, post office Turney, is a native of Missouri, and was born on the 19th day of February, 1835. He was raised on a farm, and acquired a good education, which has enabled him to keep thoroughly posted in all branches of business. He is a man of intellectual, moral and physical stamina, industrious and energetic, and early laid a good foundation, upon which he built slowly, yet surely and safely. He has been successful as a cattle feeder, and displays good, firm judgment in the selecting of stock. He is the possessor of a fine stock farm, well watered, and adapted to his business. Mr. P. was mar- ried, in August, 1856, to Miss Jane C. Hall, a native of Missouri. Their family consists of Emma C, James E., Minnie E., Mollie J., Virginia B., William J., and Laura. Both Mr. and Mrs. Park are members of the Christian Church. J. P. PIERSOX, merchant, was born December 23, 1841, and is a nati\e of Sweden. On the 2nd of May, 185 1, his parents started to America, and. after a danger- ous voyage, having been shipwrecked a time or two, they landed at Bos- no BIOGRAPHICAL. ton, Nov. 23, 1851. Soon after, they went to South Port, now Kenosha, Wisconsin, J. P. was principally educated in his native land, and after coming to America he worked on a farm, and was engaged at various branches of business in Wisconsin, Iowa and Illinois, till 1870, when he came to Missouri and located at Breckinridge, Caldwell County, farm- ing one year. He then embarked in the grocery trade, which he carried on till 1876, when he located in Cameron, where he has since resided, having been engaged in his present business. He was married Septem- ber 29, 1867, to Miss Mary E. Jameson. She was born in Allegany County, New York, December 5, 1847. They have five children: Harry J., born October i, 1869 ; Anna B., born April 24, 1871 ; Willie C, born September 2, 1872 ; Flora A., born April 27, 1875 ; John G., born Janu- ary 4, 1 88 1. T. E. POTTER, M. D., and a member of the firm of Potter Bros., druggists, is a native of Clin- ton County, Missouri, and first saw the light of day December 18, 1849. He is the son of Thomas and Hessie (Smith), both natives of Missouri. T. E. was educated in the common schools, and McGee Col- lege of Macon County, Missouri. In 1871, he commenced the study of medicine under Dr. Franklin, of DeKalb County, Missouri, and, in 1873, entered the Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia, from which he was graduated, with honors, in the spring of 1875. The following was copied from the report of the Jefferson Medical College, of Philadelphia, March, 1875 : "A prize of $50, by the Professor of Obstetrics, for the best paper on the descriptive and relative anatomy of the gravid uterus, awarded to Thompson E. Potter, of Missouri, with honorable mention of the papers of Joseph F. Robinson, of Missouri, and A. F. Balmer, of Pennsylvania." After graduating, he returned to Missouri, and located in Cameron, where he has since been engaged in the practice of his profession, having performed some very successful operations in surgery. In the spring of 1881, he was elected to the Chair of Lectures on Physiology and the Nervous System, in the Northwestern Medical Col- lege of St. Joseph, Missouri. He has devoted his entire time to the interest of his profession since choosing that calling, except during the short period of his teaching school, while preparing for the medical work. The drug store, of which he is now a member, is managed by his part- ner. He was married April 17, 1876, to Miss Mary Bassett. She was born in Lexington, Kentucky, February 15, 1855. They have been blessed with four children, three of whom are living : Mary B., born February 25, 1877; Ena W., born December 25, 1879, and Thompson E., born December 14, 1880. The doctor is a member of the Masonic fraternity, belonging to Cameron Lodge, No. 296. SHOAL lOWNSIIII'. Ill J. V. PRICK. farmer and cattle feeder, section 24, post office Turney, is a native of Centre County, Pa., and was born on the 5th day of August, 1849. When but a child, he moved with his parents to Hollidaysburg in i860, having received a good education. In 1861 he went to Halifax, Dauphin County, and remained on a farm until 1864, when he began the boating business, and followed same till 1866. Then he came to Clinton County, Missouri, and farmed for three years. He worked on the railway for one year, and afterward went to Wilson County, Kansas, where he entered a piece of land. In 1 871, he returned to Clinton County, and has since followed farming and cattle feeding. Mr. P. was married on the 24th day of December. 1874, to Mrs. Adams (formerly Miss Melissa Miner), who was born December 25, 1844. Mr. Price is a man well known throughout the county. Beginning life without capital other than his own native abilities, and prompted by ambition to become known as an upright, honorable and industrious man, he has by his own efforts gradually risen to his present position ; and his life history furnishes a worthy example to young men who aspire to dignity and nobleness of character. Mr. and Mrs. Price are both members of the Baptist church. Mrs. Price has by her first husband three children : Newton L., John M. and Elizabeth J., and by the latter union there are three children : Melissa M., Florence L. C.and Julia. J. H. REEVES. ticket agent and telegraph operator for the Hannibal & St. Joseph Rail- road, at Cameron Junction, was born April 6, 1850, in Burlington County. New Jersey. He was reared and educated in that state. He emigrated west in the spring of 1869, and located in Kansas City. On the 29th of March, he entered the employ of the Hannibal & St. Joseph Company, and remained two years at Kansas City. He then accepted a postion with the St. Joseph & Western as train dispatcher at St. Joseph, where he remained between two and three years. He then came to Cameron and accepted the same position with the Hannibal & St. Joseph Rail- road. He afterwards accepted the position as agent and operator at Kearney, Clay County, Mi.ssouri, with the same company, and held this position two years, returning to Cameron in the fall of 1880, and accept- ing his present position, which he fills to the entire satisfaction of all. He is a member of Kearney Lodge No. 311, A. F. &-.A. M. He was married August 3, 1876, to Miss Jennie McDougal, a native of Quinc)-, Illinois. She was born March 8, 1856. They have one child. Donald W.. born September 30, 1877. 112 BIOGRAPHICAL. A. O. RISLEY, M. D., senior partner of the firm of A. O. Risley & Son, dealers in dry goods, clothing, hats, boots, shoes, notions, etc., is a native of Portage County, Ohio, and was born August 29, 1824. His education was received in the common schools, supplemented with a course at the Grand River Insti- tute, of Ashtabula County, Ohio, and also at Samuel Bissell's Academy, of Twinsburg, Summit County, Ohio. After completing his education, he went to Louisville, Kentucky, where he remained three years, and for two years was emploj^ed as a teacher in a select school. Upon returning to his native county, he resumed the stud)- of medicine, having pre- viously chosen its study as his profession. In tlie fall of 1849, he went to California, where he remained till the fall of 1851, and while there, was engaged as superintendent for a mining company. He then went to Cleveland, Ohio, and in a short time removed to Medina County, again commencing the study of medicine. In the spring of 1853, he grad- uated from the Cleveland Medical College, and began the practice of his profession in Franklin, Portage County, Ohio, under the most favorable circumstances, continuing with excellent success while in that locality. Owing to the death of his brother, he became discontented, and in 1856, went, by the way of Cleveland and Detroit, to Rock Island. After trav- eling over Iowa, he went to St. Paul, Minnesota, where he remained three months and visited various parts of the country, finally locating at Shakopee, Scott County, Minnesota, where he was engaged in the prac- tice of his profession, with a considerable degree of success, for three years. In 1863, he was appointed surgeon, which position he continued to fill till the close of the war. After this he returned to Ohio, and sub- sequently took a trip to Kentucky, and over different parts of Missouri. He then returned to Ohio and moved his family to Kansas City, but not being satisfied with that location, he came to Cameron, where he has since resided, and has been engaged in the practice of his profession. In the spring of 1879 he purchased the store which his son is now man- aging, having been enga_ged in this business for several years. He was married May 10, 1857, ^° Miss Jennie S. Coulthard. She is a native of Toronto, Canada, and was educated in Rochester, New York. Have four children : George, Charles, Chester, and Frank. Dr. R. is a member of the I. O. O. F. He was Deputy Grand Master of Olakue Lodge No. ■g, of Minnesota, and a member of the Grand Lodge of the state. His father, Nathaniel H., was a native of Connecticut, and emigrated to Ohio in the year 1812. His mother. Content Russell was a native of Hart- ford, Connecticut. C. S. SADLER, retired farmer, section 33, postoffice Cameron, was born May 26, 1804, in Germany. He was raised in his natix^e country. At fifteen )-ears of SHOAL TOWKSlIir. II3 age, commenced to learn the tanner's and currier's trade. After he liad worked three years as a journeyman, and nine years on his own account in his mother country, he then emigrated to the United States in i83i,and settled in New Jersey, where he worked six months at his trade, and also attended school. He moved to Northampton County, Pennsylvania, in the spring of 1832, and followed his chosen vocation. He there married Miss Caroline Kester, October 26, 1833. She was a native of that county, born in March, 1S08. They resided in Northampton Count)-, until the fail of 1836, when he then purchased a one horse wagon and a horse, and with his household goods, his wife and one child, made the trip to Wayne County, Ohio, where he resided until 1838. He then mo\ed to Holmes County, and started a tanyard, which he operated until 1852, when he sold out, and turned his attention to farming. He came west in the spring of 1865, and settled in this county. He first purchased some 440 acres, and went into partnership with his brother-in-law, A. Kester. They afterwards di\ided the place, and he now owns 220 acres of fine land, which is well watered, on which he has a good orchard and a handsome residence, the farm is one of the best in the county. Mr. S. commenced life a poor boy, and has been the architect of his own fortune. He is one of the oldest citizens in the count)', being now in his seventy-eighth year, and he is still active and youthful in his disposition, and bids fare to see a mellow old age. They have been blessed with five children, two only of whom are living, Sarah J. (now Mrs. T. Corbin), and Rufus B., who takes charge of the farm. Mr. and Mrs. S. have been active members of the Christian Church, since 1839, in which he has filled the office of deacon, and is one of the most liberal contributors of the church at Cameron. The eldest son Leonard, served in the late war, and lost his health, and finally died in the hospital at Camp Denison, Ohio. Rufus B. was born September 19, 1847, in Holmes County, Ohio, and received excellent edu- cational advantages in his youth, and has been raised on the farm. He was married, May 15, 1873, to Miss Nancy McComb, of this county. They have four children : Carrie, Eldon, Carl and Lydia. They are members of the Congregational Church of Cameron. ADAM SCHLKMMKR, manufacturer of cooperage, was born in the Province of Hesse-Cassel, March 21, 1837. He was educated in his native land, and, in 1866, came to America, landing in New York October 14. From there he went to Pittsburgh, remaining a short time, after which he moved to Cincinnati, where he learned his trade. He made his home there for three years, and then followed his trade in different parts of Ohio, until 1871, when he went to Omaha, for a short time. He then located in St. Joseph, and shortly afterwards started a manufactor)- in Stewartsville, where he con- I 14 BIOGRAPHICAL. tinned business till 1875, when he began in his present location. He is an Odd Fellow, and belongs to Star of Hope Lodge No. 182. While in his native land he was in the war for eighteen months. He was mar- ried, October 23, 1873, to Miss Artie Smith. She was born in Gentry- County, Missouri, in May, 1855. They have one child, Charles. ADOLPH SELLE, farmer and stock raiser, section 32, post office Cameron, was born August 3, 1827, in Prussia, Germany, and was reared at his birthplace, receiving a common school education. When fourteen years of age, he com- mertced to learn the stone cutter's trade, at which he worked for about seven years. He came to the United States in the fall of 1848, and landed at Baltimore, Maryland ; then he removed to Pittsburgh. Penn- sylvania, where he remained one season and worked on the county court house. After living in Fairfield County, Ohio, he came to this county in November, 1855, where he has since resided. He owns 312 acres of fine land, about 200 acres of which are improved and well watered. He has filled the office of school director and road supervisor several times. He was married in September, 1853, to Miss Christina Steimer, a native of Wurtemberg, Germany. They have had five children : Christina, Henry, Charles, John and Anna. Himself and wife are active members of the M. E. Church, in which he holds the position of steward, and is also superintendent of the sabbath school. Mr. S. had but $5 in his pocket when he landed in Baltimore, but by adhering to sterling princi- ples of honesty and industry, he has risen to a prominent position among agriculturists. GUSTAVE SELLE, farmer and stock raiser, section 8, post office Cameron, is a native of Germany, and was born on the thirteenth day of January, 1842. He came to America, with his parents, in 1854, and settled in this county. He received a good education, and assisted his father in working the farm, till 1861, when he responded to his country's call, and enlisted under Captain Edgar, and re-enlisted in 1862, under Captain Thomas Doak, in Company H., twenty-ninth Missouri Volunteer Infantry. He participated at the battle of Vicksburg, and many others, and accom- panied Gen. Sherman on his march to the sea. He was mustered out, at Washington, District of Columbia, on the 17th day of June, 1865, after which he returned to Clinton County, and purchased a farm of 160 acres of land. Mr. Selle was married, in December, 1870, to Miss Emily Beachner, a native of Germany. Their family consists of Emma, Lewis H., William L., Omar, deceased, and Bertha E. sHOAi. rowNsiiir. 115 HENRY SKLLK. farmer and marble cutter, section 4, post office Cameron, is a son of Fredrick and Rebecca Selle, of Prussia, Germany, and was there born. He enjoyed excellent educational advantages in his native country, and devoted some two years to the study of music, being a master of harmony and thorough bass. In 1853, Mr. S. emigrated to America, landing at Baltimore, Maryland, and came direct to Clinton County, Missouri, here beginning the life of a farmer in connection with his pro- fession. He pursued his chosen avocation with untiring zeal, and with a success which has earned for him no inferior rank among the farmers of the county. He is a man of strong intellect, untiring ambition, and as a musician has few superiors. He was united in marriage on the first day of May, 1 84 1, to Miss Eva Wagner, a native of Aldenburg, Germany. She was born on the sixth day of September, 1S22. By this union they have had eight children : Gustave, Augusta, Albert, Clara, Agnes, Oscar, Minnie and Aimie. C. L. SHARP, M. D„ the subject of this sketch was born in Shelbyville, Kentucky, April 30, 1828. He received his education in the schools of that city, and when eighteen years of age he began the study of medicine, and 1859 he en- tered the Ohio Medical College. Afcer completing the usual course he graduated in the spring of 185 1, and immediately began the practice of his profession in Cincinnati, where he lived till 1857, then went to Monte- zuma, Parke County, Indiana, where he was engaged in the practice of medicine till 1S60, when he returned to Cincinnati and attended a full course of lectures in the P^clectic Medical College, graduating in the spring of 1861. Dr. S. then went to Eugene, Vermillion County, Indi- ana, where he again resumed the practice of his profession till May, 1864, next moving to Ouincy, Illinois. This place he made his home till 1866, when he located in Cameron, Missouri. Since that time he has been actively engaged in the practice of his profession. He was married May 3, 1863, to Miss Ann M. Phillips. She was born in Vermillion County, Indiana, September 28, 1834. They have one child, Edna, born March 26, 1869. CALEB SHREVE, farmer, stock raiser and dairyman, section 34, post office Cameron, was born October 15, 1823, in Wayne County, Ohio, and was reared at his birth place, receiving the benefits of a common school education. Dur- ing the war he espoused the Union cause. In 1866, he settled in Clinton County, Missouri, where he purchased 290 acres of land. He has lately Il6 BIOGRAPHICAL. sold all but eighty acres. Mr. S. has filled the positions of school director, road overseer and public administrator, and has been one of the most influential men of the county. He was married March 6, 1845, to Miss Eva Gorsach, a native of Holmes Count\% Ohio, born January 9, 1824. They have had nine children, seven of whom are living : Zepha- niah B., Mary E. (now Mrs. H. B. Fales), Sophinia (now Mrs. L. E. Pales), Alexander P., Thomas J., Da\id G., and Andrew B. Himself and wife are active members of the Christian Church. \V. G. SLOAN, proprietor of the Cameron marble works, is a nati\e of Trenton, Canada, and was born Februarj- 22, 1851. He was reared on a farm until sixteen years of age, when he commenced an apprenticeship for three years to his present trade. In the spring of 1871, he went to Chicago, where he remained a short time, and was afterwards located in Mays- ville till the fall of the same year, when he returned to his native country. There he was principally engaged in attending school till 1872, when he again came to Missouri, and located in Cameron. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity. Mr. S. was married January i, 1876, to Miss Sarah E. Craig. She was born in Iowa, ]u\y 4, 185 i. They have one child, James C, born February 21, 1878. Ha\e lost two. T. K. SMITH, M. D., i-s a son of the late Hon. George Smith, and was born in Columbiana County, Ohio, March 19, 1842. When three years of age, he was taken by his parents to Caldwell County, Missouri, and was educated at the Franklin High School, of Clay County, Missouri, and at Edinburg Col- lege, in Grundy County. At the age of sixteen, he commenced teaching school, and followed it for some years, with marked success. He formed a taste for the practice of medicine, and commenced reading with Dr. G. W. McCook, of Pittsburg, Pennsj-lvania, as preceptor. He attended lectures at the College of Ph\'sicians and Surgeons, New York, in 1864-5, and in 1866-7, he attended the medical department of the University of Michigan, and graduated in the spring of 1867. He commenced the active duties of his profession, in Springfield, Missouri, and remained there one year, and then came to Lathrop, Clinton County, where in connection with his practice, he conducted a drug business for two years, and then abandond the practice of medicine, and removed to Cameron, and engaged in the boot and shoe trade. He served as a Duput_\- United States Marshal, for eight years, and was a clerk in the legislature, for four sessions, one in the House, and three in the Senate. In 1S76, he was selected by the Republicans, as their standard bearer, for representa- SIIOAl. TOWXSIlir. I 17 tive in the state legislature, but in a district largely Democratic was, of course, defeated. He has always taken a deep interest in educational matters, and has served, for six years, as a member of the board of edu- cation, and the last year, has acted as president. When he first became a member, the debt of the school district was about $40,000, and, largely through his efforts, this debt has been reduced to $22,000. In P'ebruary, 1S80, he visited St. Louis, and succeeded in reducing the rate of interest on the school bonds, from ten per cent, to seven per cent. He married Miss Hattie Smalley, August 8, 1866. She was born in Ohio, July 15, 1 841. Their family consists of five children living : George P., Eugene T., L. Agnes, Fanny M., and Maud L. EDWARD SMITH, familiarl)- known as Diamond Smith, farmer and stock raiser, section 29, post office Cameron, was born May 27, 1842, in County Tipperary, Ire- land, and was brought to the United States, by his parents, when an infant. They settled in Peoria, Illinois, where Edward was principally raised, and where he received a part of his education. He accompanied his parents to Burlington, Iowa, when about thirteen years of age, and attended school there for five years. He then went to the Pacific Coast, and engaged in mining, there spending about twenty years, visiting many of the Pacific Islands, and traveling around the coast of Chili, to Africa, where he visited the famous diamond fields. He returned to the United States again, having had an eventful life, and one that few have the privilege to enjoy. He came to Clinton County, Missouri, in January, 1881, and engaged in tilling the soil. He purchased the old Shult farm, one of the finest in the county, containing 280 acres of well improved land, upon which is a fine residence and an excellent barn. Mr. S. is giving his attention, principally, to the raising of thoroughbred cattle. EDWARD SMITH, owner of the farm upon which the Acme Mineral Springs are located. He was born on the place he now occupies, and has there been reared. His farm consists of 335 acres. He was married June 15, 1881, to Miss Maggie A. Coil. She was born in DeKalb County, Missouri, July 15, 1852. These springs have been more particularly noticed in another part of this work. H. S. SMVSER, of the firm of Smyser &-Grannis, wagon and carriage manufacturers, also general blacksmithing, was born in Adams County, Pennsyhania, February 3, 1 831. When ten years of age, his parents moved to Ash- Il8 r.IOGRArHICAL. land County, Ohio, where he was educated. In 1845, he went to Cincin- nati, where he learned the carriage making business, remaining in Cin- cinnati till 1850, when he returned to Ashland County, Ohio, living there until 1855, when he went to South Bend, Indiana, and worked in the employ of the Studebaker Wagon Company for twenty-two years, the latter part of the time in St. Joseph, from which place he moved to Cameron, in 1S76, and opened a shop for himself He is a Mason, and member of St. Joseph Lodge No. 78. He was married, February 28, 1852, to Miss Mary A. Spousler, who was born in Brookfield, Ohio, July, 1836. They have two children, Alice P. and Etta M. J. H. SNYDER, M. D., is a native of Schoharie Count}-, New York, and was born July 17, 1833. He was educated in his native county, and when eighteen j-ears of age^ he began the study of medicine. In 1852, he entered the Electic Medi- cal College, at Syracuse, New York, and graduated in the same in Febru- ary, 1854, and soon after commenced the active duties of a practitioner, in Springfield, New York, where he lived till 1868, when he moved to Clinton County, Missouri, and in a short time located in Cameron, where he has since resided. He is also interested in some mines in Col- orado, being the president of the Silver Mining Company, of Cameron. He also has the honor of being the discoverer of the medical properties of the Acme Mineral Springs, and being the first to give them their boom (mention of same is made elsewhere). He has, for five years, been dealing in fine Hambletonian horses, with success. He is a Mason, and a member of Evergreen Lodge, No. 363, of Springfield, New York ; also a member of Cameron Royal Arch Chapter, No. 67, and Kadosh Commandery, K. T., No. 21. He was married March 12, 1854, to Miss Sarah A. Mereness, of New York. They have one child, Kittie M. She was born September 26, 1864. A. D. STEVENS, proprietor of the Combs House. Among those experienced in catering to the wants of the traveling public and who have made themselves popular as landlords, is the subject of this sketch. He was born in Norwich, New York, Aprils, 1841. He was educated in the academj- of his native town. On November 26, 1861, he enlisted in Company D of the United States Sharpshooters, and remained in the service till November 27, 1862, when he was discharged. He was then engaged in various business till 1866, when he went to Ro}-alton, Waupaca County, Wisconsin, where he was engaged in the lumber business till 1869, since which time he has been in the mercantile and hotel business. Januar\- 25, 1881, he took SHOAL TOWXSHir. I IQ charge of the Combs House. He is a Mason and men:iber of Cameron Lodge No. 296. He was married January 26, 1864, to Miss Mert Combs. She was born in Madison County, New York, in 1841. They have one child. Alice M. C. J. STEVENS, cashier of the Farmers Bank, was born in Newark, Essex Count)-, New Jersey, Januarj- 2, 1845. When thirteen years of age, he, with his parents, William and Elizabeth (Townley), moved to Ohio. He was educated in the common and high schools of Ohio and graduated at Bryant & Stratton's Commercial College, of New York City, in 1866. In 1867, he came to Cameron, and was engaged in the dry goods business \mtil the fall of 1871. He then embarked in the boot and shoe business till 1877. During four years of this time he acted as Deput}- United States Marshal. In 1878, he, in connection with others, organized the Farmers Bank, of which he is and has been, cashier. He was married Jan- 16, 1872, to Miss Nellie, a daughter of Ex-Governor George Smith, deceased. She was born in Caldwell County, Missouri, November 15, 1851. They have two children : Clarence W., born December 30, 1872; and Alina M., born August 15, 1875. G. W. STONER, general real estate and collection agent, was born in Montgomery County, Indiana, January 13, 1835. He was raised on a farm in his native county. In the fall of 1857 he came to Missouri and located in Daviess County, spending most of his time for four years in traveling, princi- pally in Kansas. In 1868, he moved to Cameron, where he has since re- sided, and has been engaged in his present business, trading in lands'in Missouri, Kansas, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Texas and other States. He ^vas married March 5, 1862, to Miss Susan Rogers. She was born March 5, 1835, and is a native of Kentucky, but was raised in Indiana. They have three children, two now living : William Jacob, born December 14, 1862, and Ida C, born November, 25, 1864. Mr. S. belongs to the I. O. O. F., and is a member of Cameron Lodge. He and Mrs. S. are also mem- bers of the Christian Church. JOHN N. STROTZ, merchant, was born in Belgium, April iG, 1S37. He was educated in the French language, having the benefits of a very fair training, being taught to read and write three different tongues, French, German and Latin, before coming to America, which was in 1853. He first located in Chicago, where he was engaged at wagon making till 1S59, when he came I20 BIOGRAPHICAL. to Missouri and located in Clay County for a short time, after which he moved to Clinton County, where he was engaged in the carpenter's trade till 1861, then returned to Illinois, where he followed wagon making till 1866. He then returned to Clay County and was engaged in the baker's trade, in Liberty, till 1869, when he came to Cameron and commenced his present business. He has been a member of the town council since he came to Cameron, for four years. He is an Odd Fellow and member of Star of Hope Lodge, No. 182. He was married in Chicago, April 29, 1864, to Miss Margarette Baker. She was born in the same place as himself, January 6, 1838. They have had eight children, seven of whom are living: Nellie M., John S. P., George F., Nina J., Wyota R., Flossie, and an infant. GEORGE SUDSBERRY. farmer and stock raiser, section 12, post office Keystone, was born July 27, 1826, in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, where he was reared, and spending his boyhood days on a farm, and received the benefits of a common school education. He worked one year at the blacksmith trade. Owing to a weak back he gave it up and turned his attention to agricultural pursuits. He commenced working for himself at the age of seventeen as a farm hand. During the late war he enlisted in the One Hundred and Fifty-eighth Pennsylvania Infantry, Company F, on the i6th of October, 1862. He took part in the action at Newbern, North Carolina, and at Little 'Washington. His regiment was drilled tor heavy artillery men. He received an honorable discharge on the 12th of August, 1863, and returned home. He came west in May, 1868, to look at the country, and moved out in the spring of 1869. He first settled ne^r Plattsburg, thence to his present residence in March, 1870, and at once commenced improving the farm he now owns, which consists of 160 acres. He was married February 13, 1851, to Miss Mary A. Row, an estimable lady, a native of the same place as her husband, and born Sep- tember 29, 1826. They have been blessed with a family of eight children, seven of whom are now living : 'William H., Elizabeth (now Mrs. Fred Harter), Laura B. (now Mrs. Frank McClintic), Nettie J. (now Mrs. Samuel Wolf), Nora, George and Peter R. Himself and wife and five of the children are members of the Church of God, in which he holds the office of deacon. He was one of the original members when the church was organized. He holds the position of Sabbath School superinten- dent, and is one of the most active church workers. E. A. SYLVESTER, nurseryman and fruit grower, section 24, post office Osborn, was born November 15, 1S43, in Wayne County, New York. He was raised there SHOAL TOWNSHIP. I2r as a farmer and nurseryman. He received the benefits of a common school education in youth, and has a practical knowledge of the nursery business. He emigrated to Missouri in the spring of 1869, and settled where he now resides, when it was unbroken prairie, and commenced improving a farm. He now owns 1 16 acres of well improved land, and has one of the best nurseries in the county, containing a large variety of fruits. He has an apple orchard forty acres in extent, being one of the largest in the county. He raised over half a million hedge plants the past year. He is an honest, industrious citizen, and one that gives his entire attention to his business. He has spared no pains to make his nursery equal to any in the vicinity, and deserves the patronage of the citizens of Clinton and adjoining counties, wanting choice trees adapted to the soil and climate. He was married, in September, 1871, to Miss Rosalie Wells, a native of Utica, Michigan. She was born November 3, 1843. They have six children : Eliham W., Philip K., Ida M., Charles S., Flora I. and Fannie. They are members of the Presbyterian Church of Osborn, in which he holds the office of trustee. J. W. THOMPSON, proprietor of livery stable, is a native of Ohio, and was born in Warren County, August 5, 1840. When seven years of age his parents moved to Huntington County, Indiana, where he was reared and educated. In August, 1861, he enlisted in Company G, Thirty-fourth Indiana Infantry, and was commissioned a lieutenant, and served nearly four years. In 1869, he moved to Kansas, where, in different localties he was engaged at various pursuits till the summer of 1875, when he came to Cameron. He engaged in his present business in August, 1879, and now conducts a first class livery. He was married January 32, 1862, to Miss Armantha Olds, a native of New York. They have three children: Alice J.. Sarah I., and Cclia M. J. J. TIPTON, carpenter and contractor, and one of the firm of Tipton Bros., dealers in furniture at Winston, Missouri, is a native of Montgomery County, Indiana, and was born December 9, 1834. He was educated in the schools of his native state, and was reared a farmer boy. In 1856, he went to DesMoines, Iowa, where he remained one year engaged in teach- ing, when he returned to his native home and came from there to Mis- souri, remaining one j-ear in this state and Kansas. Subsequentl>- he returned to Indiana and moved to Daviess County, following teaching and working at the carpenters' trade till i860, when he again went to Des- Moines. In i860, he enli.sted in Company D, Second Iowa Cavalry, and 122 UIOGKAl'inCAL. was mustered out at Davenport in October, 1865. He returned to Daviess County, where he followed his trade till 1867, when he moved to Cam- eron, where he has since resided and has been one of its most successful contractors and builders. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., and belongs to Star of Hope Lodge No. 182. Mr. T. was married January i, 1865, to Miss Mercy Reed. She was born in Marysville, Ohio, November 8, 1841. They have four children — Alice, born December 18, 1865; Annie, born September 13, 1867; Cappie, born January 29, 1869; Ella, born October 6, 1874. JOHN P. TRUSSELL, farmer and stock raiser, section 19, post office Turne\-, the subject of this sketch, owes his nativity to Clarke County, Virginia, where he was born on the 19th day of August, 1824. He was educated in the schools of his native State, and lived at the old homestead till 1856. Like thou- sands of other energetic and aspiring young men, he early resolved to s^ek some field of usefulness in the great and growing west. Good for- tune directed his footsteps to Clinton County, where he purchased his present farm. By constant industry and good management, he is now the owner of a fine estate. On the 8th of April, 1846, he was married Miss Mary E. Beltz, a native of Virginia. They had three children: Amanda M., Mary A., deceased, and Sarah D. Mrs. Trussell departed life on the 6th day of September, 1855. Mr. Trussell was again married September 30, 1858, to Miss Margaret Potter, a native of Missouri, and the result of this marriage was : Alice H., Josephine, Thomas S., Charles E., deceased, Edna E., and William E. Mrs. Margaret Trussell died on the 1 2th of January, 1873. WILLIAM VVARALL, farmer and fruit grower, section 24, post office Cameron, was born November 5, 182 1, in Lincoln County, Canada, near Niagara Falls. He was reared at his birth place, spending his boyhood days on a farm. His gala days were days men generally' spent at the falls. After con- trolling his own time, he first engaged ip teaching, and followed it three years. He then emigrated west, and took a claim in Winneshiek County, Iowa, remained there a short time, and sold his claim, returned to Can- ada, and engaged in farming. He came from there to this county, in 1866, and settled where he now resides in the spring of 1868. He owns forty acres of well improved land, fifteen acres being set in fruit of all varieties. He is giving his attention principally to the raising of grapes and berries. He commenced life without means, his willing hands and hopeful heart being his stock and capital in trade. He was married, January 15, 1855, to Miss Mary A. Merridith, a native of Smithville, SHOAI. TOWNSHIP. 123 Lincoln Count)-, Canada. They ha\e six children : Effie (now Mrs. James Jones), Frank, Xellie, Lewis, Ida B. and Ernest. Himself and wife are active members of the Christian Church of Cameron. 1'. D. WATSON, proprietor of the Cameron Junction Eating House, was born December 31, 1S43, in I'ittsfield, Merrimac County, Xew Hampshire. His father is of Enijlish origin and his mother is of Scottish descent. He was reared and educated at his birthplace. He displayed his patriotism and love for country during the late war b)' shouldering a musket and going to the front. He first enlisted in the Fifteenth New Hampshire Volun- teer Infantry, and served with them under General Banks and others. He took part in the battles of Springfield Landing and Port Hudson. He was then taken sick with typhoid fever and chronic diarrhoea, sent home to die, was reluctant to do so, and recovered and reinlisted in the First New Hampshire Heavy Artillery, and served until the close of the war. He organized Company E of the above named regiment, and held the position of first lieutenant. They took part in the grand review at Washington, and, strange to say, brought every man of his compan\- home alive. After the close of the war he emigrated west and assisted in tiie construction of the Union Pacific, the Missouri, Kansas & Texas, and the I. & G. X. Railroads. He accepted a position as passenger con- ductor on the M., K. & T. road, remaining three years with them, and then accepted a position with the Hannibal & St. Joe Company. In the spring of 1880 he took charge of the eating house at Cameron Junction. He has just given it a thorough renovation, making it first-class in all its particulars. In his manners he is genial and hospitable, and is a landlord well fitted for the position he occupies, and has the respect and esteem of all who are favored with his acquaintance. He was married in F'ebruary, i860, to Miss Elizabeth M. Pillsbury, an old schoolmate, and a native of Strafford, Xew Hampshire, and was born in 1843. The\' have one child, Xellie B.; lost one. He is a member of St. Oma Com- mandry No. 11, of Sedalia, Missouri. His mother is still living, and resides with him. She is now sixty-five years of age. R. X. WILLIAMS. dealer in drugs, books, stationer)-, wall paper, window curtains, musical instruments, fine cigars, tobacco, etc., was born in Callaway County, Missouri, January 4, 1841. When nine )'ears of age, he, with his parents, moved to Montgomery County, Missouri, where he was raised on a farm and educated in the common schools. At the age of eighteen he accepted a position as clerk in a dr)- goods store, in which he continued for two years, when he embarked in the drug business at Smithton, and 124 BIOGRAPHICAL. has since been engaged at the same, doing business in St. Joseph and other parts of Missouri. In July, 1871, he came to Cameron, where he has since resided, and now has a store that is deserving of more than a passing notice. During the period of his residence at Smithton he filled the offices of circuit clerk, recorder, school comniissioner and postmaster, all of which he received by appointment. He was married November 2\, 1869, to Miss Alice Buchhols, of Gallatin, Daviess County, Missouri. They have two children — Hattie, born October 21, 1870, and Robert H., born January, 1877. Mr. and Mrs. W. are members of the Christian Church. JAMES WILLIAMS, farmer and breeder of shorthorns, section 10, post office Cameron, is one of the most sagacious and successful business men of this county. He is a native of Boonville, Cooper County, Missouri, and, with his parents, came to Clinton County, when houses were few, and far between. He has lived to see emigration pour in rapidly, year after year, and can fully realize what Clinton County has done for herself. Mrs. W., the mother of James, still lives, and resides with him, being now in her eightieth year. She enjoys good health, and can call to memory the past days of her life, with pleasure. She was born in 1802, in Kentucky, near Daniel Boone's old residence, and well recollects the great hunter. She came to Missouri in 1807, and, on account of her mother's death, made her home with Colonel Eastman, and was one of the witnesses of the burning of the effigy of General Hull. She saw General La Fayette when he paid his visit to St. Louis. She remembers the duel of Benton and Lucas ; also, saw Lewis and Clark on their return from exploring the head waters of the Missouri River, and she was on the first steam- boat that navigated that stream. Her husband, Luke Williams, was an elder of the Baptist Church. James is a very energetic business man, and his neighbors, who have dealings with him, find him honest and fair in his transactions, social in his relations, and benevolent in disposition. For the past few years, he has devoted his time, and gone to great expense in securing a herd of fine shorthorn cattle, unsurpassed in the county. Mr. W. was united in marriage, December 27, 1864, with Miss Emily Stephenson. Their family consists of Rose Bell, Wallace E., Charles, Luke, Rowland, Elia H., and Maud. JAMES W. WRIGHT, master mechanic for the southwest division of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad Company, is a native of Adams County, Pennsylvania, and was born March 24, 1839. He was reared and educated in his native county, and when about eighteen yea'rs of age he learned the carpcn- M'lOAL TOWNSHIP. 125 tcr's trade. At the age of twenty years, he went to Iowa, having made ■a previous trip to that .state, and in two years commenced work for the ■Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad. Since that time he has been in their employ. He moved to Cameron in the >-ear 1872. He is a Mason and a member of Cameron Lodge No. 296. Mr. W. was married April 20, i860, to Miss Annie E. Michaels. She was born in Orange County, Pennsylvania, March 19, 1849. The\- had four children : Ida, Minnie, George, and Nicholas. JOHN W. YEAMAN, Avagon and carriage manufacturer, is a native of DeWitt County, Illinois, and was born August 26, 1845. He was reared and educated in his native 'Count}', and was engaged in different occupations till December 4, 1863, when he enlisted in Company F, Second Illinois Artillery, and remained in service till the close of the war, when he returned to Clinton, Illinois; there he began to learn his present trade, remaining until April, 1866, when he came to Missouri, working in different parts of the state. For some time he was in Wichita, Kansas, and finally located in Cameron, in the year 1875, and is now the leading manufacturer of the kind in the town. He was married December 28, 1865, to Miss Amanda Elliott. She was born in Illinois, July 5, 1S48. They have four children : Frank L., Caroline, Nellie, and Emma. PLATTE TOWNSHIP .\XD CITY OF OSBORN. JOHN BAXTER, farmer and stock raiser, section 26, post office Osborn. Among the worthy representatives of this county may be mentioned the subject of our sketch. He is a native of Manchester, England, and was born March i, 1815. He was there raised, obtaining a fair education, mostly by self-application, and was brought up in the silk manufacturing busi- ness, at which he worked some thirty years. In the fall of 1867, he came to the Uuited States, and landed in New York October 13 ; soon settled in Connecticut, where he commenced working in the silk manu- factories, there remaining between seven and eight years. Mr. B. then ■emigrated west, and settled where lie now resides in the fall of 1876, I?6 BIOGRAPHICAL. now owning a fine farm of eighty acres, improved. He takes quite an interest in educational matters, and, at present, holds the position of school director. He was married, August 30, 1846, in the Parish of Eccles, to Miss Mary Gartside, a native of the same place as himself. On the 22d of -March, 1879, she died, leaving five children : Fannie, William G., John J., Annie and Robert E. The children are members of the Christian Church. WILLIAM BOGART, farmer and stock raiser, section 17, post office Perrin, was born October 25, 1825, in Carter County, Tennessee, and was taken to Vermillion County, Indiana, when between four and five years of age. He was there raised and spent his boyhood days on a farm, receiving the bene- fits of a common school education, and has made agricultural pursuits his occupation through life. He removed west in 1868, and located' where he now resides, commencing at once the improvement of a farm, and, by steady and energetic efforts, he has, under cultivation, 160 acres of land ; also owns twenty acres of timber. Mr. B. was married Octo- ber 5, 1845, to ^liss Civilla Hood, a native of Vermillion County, Indi- ana, born March 23, 1825. They have had nine children, seven of whom are living : Isabella (now Mrs. W. Hale), William A., Marcus L., Talithia M., Fannie and Emma (twins), and Annie. Himself, wife, and eldest daughter, are active members of the M. E. Church South, of Perrin. Mr. B. stands among the old and well respected citizens of Clinton County. A. D. CAPPS, farmer and stock raiser, section 26, postofifice Stewartsville, was born June 23, I S3 1, in Clay County, Missouri, and was reared at his birthplace, spending his boyhood days on a farm, and received the benefits of a good common school education. He has devoted his attention chiefly to farm- ing during life. He moved to Clinton County, in 1852, and settled below Plattsburg, where he engaged in farming and stock raising. During the war, he enlisted in the southern army in 1861, under General Price, and and served for about six months, taking part in the battles of Lexington, Pea Ridge and many minor engagements. He took a trip to Denver, Colorado, in 1863, and spent about one year in the mountains, returned home, and subsequently moved to Nebraska City, in 1864, coming to Clay County in the fall of 1865, where he remained until he moved to Clinton County, in the spring of 1867. The county was then thinly settled. He commenced to improved his farm, which now contains 220 acres of land, well improved, upon which is a large orchard. Mr. C. has filled the township offices, of school director and road overseer several terms. lie was a candidate before the Democratic Convention, in 1878, for County Judge, and was defeated, only by a small majority. Being an old settler, he is widely and favorably known. He was married, December, 16, 1862, to Miss Julia Pickett, an estimable lady, a native of Clay County, Missouri, born October 9, 1834. They have had four children : . Mary K. (now Mrs. \Vm. J. Francis), Henriette, Katie and Daniel H. Himself and wife, and their daughters, are members of the Presbyterian Church. Mr. C. united with the church in 1S54, and was soon afterwards elected a rul- ing elder, which position he still holds. CHARLES S. CARTER, minister and farmer, section 19, post office Osborn, was born December 3, 1819, in Boone County, Kentucky. His ancestors were natives of Vir- ginia. Charles was reared at his birthplace, spending his boyhood days on a farm, and receiving a preparatory education in the common schools, which he completed at Georgetown College. He united with the Missionary Baptist Church, in 1842, and, at the urgent request of friends, attended a seminary for the purpose of pre- paring for the ministry. He received a license to preach, in 1843, and in 1846, he entered the Georgetown College where he finished his colle- giate course, and was regularly ordained to the Baptist ministry. Mr. C. then returned to Boone County, and taught the Billetsburg Seminary two years, after which he engaged in teaching at various places in that \icinity, and also supplied the pulpit, quite frequently, at Middlesex Church. About the year 1852, he was called to the pastorate of East Bend Church, and remained in charge there about twenty-five years. During this time, he purchased a farm on the Ohio River, forty miles below Cincinnati, on w-hich he settled. Soon afterwards, he lost his wife, who left two small children, and, consequently, he gave up farming and engaged in teaching until 1861, when he again resumed farming. He came west in the spring of 1876, and settled in Clinton County, where he has since resided. He owns a fine farm of 120 acres, partiall)- improved. Mr. Carter took charge of Garden Prairie Church, in De Kalb County, in 1878, and also preached, once a month, at Smith Fork Church during the year i88o. He and his wife joined Smith Fork Church soon after coming here. He has been twice married. First, May 20, 185 1, to Miss Mary A. Birk.shire, a native of Boone County, Kentucky. She died November 20, 1854, and left two children: Eugenia (now Mrs. H. C. McGlasson), and Mary E. (now Mrs. George R. White.) He was mar- ried again April 2, 1861, to Miss Rosette Miller, a native of Ohio County, Indiana, born September 19, 1839. They have had five children, three of whom are living : Kate K., Joseph M., and John \V. 128 BIOGRAPHICAL. WILLIAM H. CARR, stock raiser, Ostaorn, was born December, 8, 1838, in Loudoun County, Virginia, and was reared there as a farmer, receiving a common school education. He removed west in the fall of 1855, and settled in Howard County, Missouri, where he remained until 1865, then moving to Osborn. During the late war, he enlisted in Company F, Ninth Missouri State Cav- alry in March, 1862, and served until the close of the war, taking part in many hard fought battles, among which are Moore's Mills, Kirksville, Yellow Creek, and others. He rose from the position of sergeant to second lieutenant. At the close of the war, he engaged in farming, near Osborn, in which he continued for seven years, and then turned his attention to stock raising exclusively. On account of poor health, he has partially retired from active business life. He has filled the position of school director several terms. Mr. Carr was married, October 20, 1866, to Miss Matilda Perkins, a daughter of one of the oldest and best known residents of Clinton County. She was born October 20, 1844, in this county. They have had five children, three of whom are living : Celia C, John C. and Josephus S. Mr. C. has been a member of the M. E. Church since he was twenty-one years of age. Since 1867 he has belonged to the Masonic fraternity. B. J. CASTEEL, attorney and counsellor at law, Osborn, was born October 14, 185 1, in Sevier County, Arkansas, and was taken to Monroe County, Tennessee, by his parents when about nine months old. He was there raised and spent his bo}^hood da)-s on a farm, and after receiving a preparatory education in the common schools entered Hiwassee College, from which he was graduated in i860. He read law in the Lebanon Law School, and was admitted to the bar of Tennessee in 1871, before he was of age. He came west in the fall of 1872, and settled at Osborn, and was immedi- ately admitted to the bar of Missouri, after which he commenced prac- ticing and has since continued it. He was elected county attorney of DeKalb County, Missouri, in 1874, and re-elected in 1876. His practice extends through DeKalb and Clinton counties, and is quite large. He owns one of the finest residences in Osborn. Mr. C. is a member of the Knights of Pythias. In his manners he is much of a gentleman, and merits the esteem in which he is held by a large circle of acquaintances. He was married March 15, 1876, to Miss Belle Gibbany, an estimable lady, and a native of Lexington, Kentucky. She was born on the 17th of December, 1856, and was principally raised in Missouri. Thej^ have had two children — Ethel M. and Walter L. Himself and wife are active members of the Methodist PLpiscopal Church, South, of which denomina- PI.ATTK TOWXSIIIP. 1 29 tion Mr. C. has been a member since he was ten years of age. He has held the position of superintendent of the Sabbath School for four or five years, and is one of the most active workers therein. CAPTAIN ALEXANDER C. COOK, was born in Lincohi County, Kentucky, June 17, 1831. He is the first child, and only son of a family of five children. His father, James Cook, a native of Virginia, emigrated to Kentucky in the year 1800, and settled in Lin- coln County, where his children were afterwards born. He died in 'Sluy. 1841, and his widow afterwards married Colonel Hubbard. Cap- tain Cook was educated in the neighborhood schools, and finalh', in Lancaster Academj-, in Garrard County, Kentucky. In October, 1849, he moved, with his step-father. Colonel Moses Hubbard, and family, to Clay County, Missouri. In the spring of 1S50, Alexander settled in Jackson Township, four miles northwest of Haines\-ille, on the liead waters of Clear Creek. January, 1856, he moved to his present residence in what was then La Fayette Township, but now (1S81) Platte Town- ship, where he has since continued to reside. October 21, 1852, he married Miss Mary Anne Bivins, daughter of David ^L Bivins, of Cla\- Count)', who settled there, from Kentucky, in 1834. They have had eight chil- dren, of whom four survive, three sons, James M., David B., Alex. Riley, and a daughter, Mary Drusilla. Three daughters and a son are dead. A. C. Cook enlisted in the Confederate service, and served during the entire war ; first, in Boyd's Battalion of State Guard, and then in Reeves' Regiment, Little's Brigade, Confederate troops. He achieved, successiveh-, the grades of lieutenant and captain, in this service. At the close of the war, he was in Shelby's command, to which he had attached himself in March, 1865, and was among those paroled at Shreveport, Louisiana, June 14, 1865, when he returned to his home in Missouri. Captain Cook was a member, from Clinton County, of the Thirtieth General Assembly of the State of Missouri. He has long been prominentl)- active in the advancement and development of the resources of his count}-, and prides himself in the fact that he was the presiding officer of the first farmers' club ever organized in the county. (This was at Fairview school house. Concord Township, in August, 1869.) This organization preserved its existence till it merged into the grange movement, of which he has continued an active member, and now(i88i) is county deputy and lecturer. Originally a Whig, Captain Cook early affiliated with the Democratic party, of which he has since been an active member. He has been a member of the Christian Church since 1846, when he was immersed, by Elder John R. White, in Garrard County, Kentucky. He has been a member of Bethany Congregation of Disciples since its organization, in i86o.and for the past twelve years, has been an elder in the same. 130 BIOGRAPHICAL. CORNISH & PATTEN, farmers and stock raisers, section 22. This firm, which is composed of D. P. Cornish and Freeman Patten, have under their control 320 acres of fine land, 160 of which is owned by Mr. Patten, the other is leased. The farm joins the town plat of Osborn on the south. It contains a well arranged barn, windmill, good pasture, a comfortable residence, with a large yard, and is fenced in excellent shape ; everything about the place denoting thrift and industry on the part of the owners. Mr. Cornish is a native of Pittston, Kennebec County, Maine, and was born December 27, 1844. He was reared and educated at his birthplace, and when he was about six years of age his father died, and he was then thrown upon his own resources. During the late war he first enlisted in the Twenty- first Maine, but as he was but sixteen years of age his mother objected to his going. He afterward enlisted in what was known as the Inde- pendent or Coast Guards, of Maine, and served for about si.x months. Mr. C. came west in the spring of 1868, and settled' in Platte Township, Clinton County, where he commenced improving a farm, and in 1S72 moved on Mr. Patten's farm, and in 1874 the present partnership was formed. He was married December 13, 1865, to Miss Elizabeth M. Davenport, a native of Maine, born November 6, 1847. They have had four children, three of whom are living : John E., Herbert D. and Free- man P, FREEMAN PATTEN is a native of Gardner, Kennebec County, Maine, and was born June 4, 1846. He was there reared and received his education at Kent's Hill College. When eighteen years of age he entered a store as clerk, and afterward was admitted as a partner. Selling out he came west in 1868, and settled upon the land on which he now resides. The prairies were then very thinly populated, and he was among the first settlers. For the last eight years he has been giving his attention chiefly to railroading, commencing as a brakeman. After working one year he was pro- moted to conductor, which position he still holds with the Chicago, Bur- lington & Ouincy Company. He is one of the charter members of Osborn Lodge No. 378, A. F. & A. M., and holds the position of secre- tary. He is a polished gentleman in his manners and his character is irreproachable. JAMES DOWNEY, Jr., farmer and stock raiser, section 6, post office Perrin, was born December 18, 1S43, in County Kerry, Ireland, and was brought to the United States by his parents, when about, six years ot age. They settled in Bourbon I'l.Ai'iK rowNsiiii'. 131 Count)', Kentucky, and remained there eight years. James spent his boyhood days on the farm, and received a common school education. He came West, and settled in Buchanan County, Missouri, in 1S56, and, during the late war, he enlisted in Company F., Thirty-fifth Missouri Vokniteer Infantry, and served until its close. He took part in the battle of Helena, Arkansas, and was with the expedition down the Yazoo Pass. About this time he received the appointment, from the Secretary of War, as hospital steward, but did not accept the position, and, at the close of the war, he was mustered out at Little Rock, Arkan- sas. He returned to Buchanan County, and came from there to Clinton Count\-, in 1867. Resided here about three years, then moved to the place he now occupies, in Januarj-, 1S70. He has a fine farm of ninet)--one acres, improved, and also owns some graded stock. He has filled the position of school director. Mr. D. was married. October 24, 1867, to Miss Mary R. Faunteroy, a native of Missouri, born in June. 1844. The\- have seven children living: Thomas, Julia, John, Jane, James, Dennis and Nancy ; lost three. Himself and family are mem- bers of the Catholic Church. H. C. DUNCAN, farmer, breeder of short horns, and stock shipper, section 5, post office Osborn, was born in Clay County, Missouri, June 2, 1S41, and was raised as a farmer, receiving a good education. His father, Jacob Duncan, was born October 17, 1797, and was a native of Bourbon County, Kentucky; he emigrated to Missouri in 1838, settling in Saline County; from there he went to Clay County, and thence to Clinion County, in 1855 ; he was the first breeder of short horns in the county, and died April 6, 1877; his wife, the mother of the subject of this sketch, was born in Trumbull County, Ohio, October 15, 1S14, and died April 13, 1875. H. C. sold goods at Osborn during the war, having moved to Clinton County April 24, 1855. He is the owner of 640 acres of well improved land, upon which he has a fish pond, one acre in extent. He has a fine herd of cattle, and is an extensive raiser and shipper. He was married May 23, 1865, to Miss Lizzie Talbott, a native of Missouri, born October ii, 1844. The\- ha\-e had three children, all of whom are living: Lena, born August 15, 1S67; Nannie, born August 6, 1871 ; and Susie K., born April 4, 1880. JOSEPH DUNCAN, farmer and fine stock raiser, section ^i. post ofifice Osborn, was born February 23, 1823, in Henry Count)-, Kentucky, and was reared at his birth place, spending his boyhood days on the farm and receiving the benefits of a common school education. He came west in 1842, and 132 BIOGRAPHICAL. settled in Clay County, Missouri. He made a trip across the plains to California in 1850, and remained nine months working in the mining districts, after which he returned, and in the spring of 1852, settled where he now resides. The country was then in its primitive state, and deer and game of all kinds were abundant. The Indians returned here to hunt in the fall, and Mr. D. spent the first five years of his residence here in hunting and clearing his farm. He now owns 250 acres of fine land, well improved. He has a fine herd of thirty head of short horn cattle, and as fine a drove of cattle as one could wish to see. In his business operations he is upright and honorable, and has the respect and esteem of all those that have been favored with his acquaintance. Mr. D. was married August 5, 1846, to Miss Julia J. Duncan, a native of Clay County, Missouri, born the 14th of April 1832. They have had eleven children, seven of whom are !i\-ing: Seth, L. E. (now Mrs. Thomas Turner), Joseph, Mary B. (now Mrs. William Metcalf), Hattie E., Charles S. and Daisy. Mr. D. has been, for thirty-five years, an active member of the Christian Church, in which he formerly held the office of deacon. Mrs. D. has been a member of the same church thirty-three years. There is not a person living in this vicinit\- who was here when Mr. D- settled. J. E. EBERTS, farmer and stock raiser, section 29, post office Osborn, was born March 26, 1852, in Clinton Count)-, Missouri, and has been here reared, spend- ing his boj'hood days on a farm. He received a preparatory education in the common schools, completing it at the North Missouri Normal School at Kirkvillc, Missouri in 1867, and received his diploma, and then engaged in teaching in the winter season and farming during the sum- mer months. He owns a fine farm of 240 acres, improved, which has been brought to its present condition since 1879. He has a young orchard, and his stock is of high grade. He takes a deep interest in educational matters, and, at present, holds the office of school director. He was married December 24, 1879, to Miss Matilda B. Froman, a native of this count}', born Januarj' 16, 1856. They are active members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church at Bethany Chapel. JOHNSON EVERETT, farmer and stock raiser, section 26, post office Stewartsville. Among the pioneers of Western Missouri, ma)' be mentioned the subject of this sketch. He is a native of Clay County, Missouri, and was botn April 16, 1822, about four miles north of Liberty, and was there reared until fifteen years of age, spending his boyhood days on a farm, and he attended the common schools. He accompanied his parents to Clinton Count)- in 1S37. They settled in L;i Fayette Townsliip, remaining there until 1850, when he crossed the plains in the spring of that year with an ox team, and spent about eighteen months in the mining districts of California. He returned by the isthmus, and then went to New York City, thence around the lakes to Chicago, and down the Mississippi to St. Louis and up the Missouri, there not being a railroad in operation in the state at that time. He had previously located the place on which he now resides in 1S45, and his family remained upon it while he was absent. Since his return he has given his attention to farming, and he now owns 295 acres of land well impro\etl. Mr. E. has filled the position of school director for five years, and also road overseer for five years. He took no active part in the late war, although his sympathies were with the South, and he was once arrested. He has been twice married ; first, April 17, 1S45, to Miss Anna Hawkins, a native of Lawrence County, Ohio, born 1S27. She died February 16, 1861, leaving seven children, six of whom are now living : John T., Belvidia (now Mrs. H. C. Bergman), James H., William L., Benjamin W. and Warren D. He was married again Octo- ber 2, 1862, to Mrs. Susan J. Baxter. By this union they have seven children : George A., Anna M., Joseph E. J., Albert L., Susan B., ALithew G. and Francis R. Mrs. E. had two children by a former mar- riage : Frances E. (now Mrs. Church), and James T. She is a member of the old school Presbyterian church. Mr. E.'s father, Mathew Everett, was one of the earliest pioneers in Western Missouri. He was a native of Virginia, and was born in 1794. He came to Missouri about the year 1 8 19, and settled in Howard County, and came to Clinton County in 1837. WILLL\M GROSS, farmer and stock raiser, section 20, post office Osborn, was born June 2, 1824, in Bavaria, Germany, and was raised there as a farmer, receiving a common school education. He also served five years in the German arm)'. In the fall of 1S51, he started for America, landing at New York City on the 12th of August. He settled in Kendall County, Illinois, near Oswego, and remained there until 1869, engaged in farming, after which he came west and settled in this county, where he now resides. By steady and energetic efforts he has managed to improve a farm of 160 acres, which is stocked with high grades of cattle. He takes a live interest in educational matters, and has held the position of school tli rector for eight years. Mr. G. was married September 17, 185 1, to Miss Margaret Boesseunecker, a native of Wurtemberg, Germany, born January 29, I S29. She died November 14, 1873, leaving eight children living: Caroline C. (now Mrs. H. M. Totzke), Mary A., Minnie C. (now Mrs. W. F. Ernest), Frederick W., John G., Henry, Charles A., and George M.; lost, one. Mr. G. is a member of the Evangelical I.Litheran Church. 134 BIOriKAI'inCAL. THORNTON GUINN, " retired farmer, section 36, postoffice Stewartsville, an early settler of West- ern Missouri. He is a native of Pittsylvania County, Virginia, and was born March 14, 1S03. ■ He was taken to Cocke County Tennessee, when six months old, and was there raised on a farm, receiving the benefits o a common school education. When seventeen years of age, he commen- ced to learn the stone mason's trade. He came to Missouri, in June, 1818, and settled in Montgomery County, then removed to Howard County, and afterwards to Clay County (then known as Ray), in 1820. He has since been identified with all the interest of Western Missouri. He visited the Plattsburg Mineral Springs, in 1821, at the time the Indians had the sick members of their tribe there. He made frequent hunting expeditions through the wilderness of Clinton County, and can recollect of one instance when he killed five deer, without moving from one spot, thus showing the abundance of game at an early day. Mr. G. has improved four farms. He came to Clinton Count)-, and settled where he now resides, on the fourteenth of April, 1852, now owns 220 acres of well improved land. He has been entireh' a self-made man, and it is to such bold, enterprising men as he, that Missouri is indebted lor her pres- ent high rank among the Western States. Mr. G. is blessed with an excellent memor)-, and can recall incidents, which occurred years ago. He has always been a Democrat, and \-oted for General Jackson. He served in the militia in the earl)' da)-s, and held the position of captain. He was married, April 2, 1829, to Miss Deborah Cameron, a native of Ten- nessee, born on the 29th of March, 181 1. The town of Cameron was named after her uncle. Mr. and Mrs. G. have had ele\-en children, nine of whom are living : Lucinda (now Mrs. David Dodson), James H., Jon- athan K., John F., David A., Deborah A. (now Mrs. O. G. Gordon), Thornton H., Angeline (now Mrs. Wm. T. Gordon) and Rachel (now Mrs. Silas C. Walker). Himself and \v\fc are members of the old school Baptist Church. r. M. HATCH, the subject of this sketch, was born in Orange County, Vermont, March 6, iS43,and was reared at his birthplace until thirteen years of age, and tlien accompanied his parents to Illinois. His early education was in the public schools; he then entered the Princeton Acadeni)-, Prince- ton, Illinois, pursuing his studies until the firing on Fort Sumpter, and was one of the first to respond to President Lincoln's call for 75,000 men for three months to assist in putting down the rebellion, and enlisted in the Twelfth Illinois Infantry. At the expiration of his term of enlist- ment, he re-enlisted in the Fourteenth Missouri Infantry, which afterward became the Sixt\--sixth Illinois Infantr)-, and served in the Army of the Tennessee, and accompanied General Sherman in his memorable march to the sea, thence to Washington, and from that place to Louis- ville, Kentucky, where they were mustered out. He was badly wounded in the head at Dallas, Georgia, for which wound he is now drawing a pen- sion, yiv. Hatch returned to Chicago, and resumed his studies in the the universit)' and was graduated in 1S67. He made choice of the prac- tice of law as a profession, and was admitted to the bar in Illinois, and continued in practice in that city until 1873, when he came to Missouri and settled at Cameron. He then engaged in the grain trade on the line of the Hannibal & St. Joseph railroad ; and afterward commenced his mercantile experience as a dealer in hardware, queensware and fancy groceries at Osborn, mention of which is made in another part of this work. In April, 1879, he was appointed postmaster, which office he now holds. Politically, he is a staunch Republican, and a leader in his county, and at present is secretary of the Republican Congressional Committee of the Ninth Missouri district. As a business man, he has been upright, reliable and honorable ; as a soldier, brave and chivalrous ; as a public official, attentive and obliging, but infle.x- ible and unswerving in the discharge of duty. In all places, and under all circumstances, he is loyal to truth, honor and right. He married Miss Anna Lyford in the autumn of 1869. She is a native of New Hampshire, and was born in 1849. Their family consists of three chil- dren living : Winnefred, Barney, and Luella ; and one, Jennie, died in 1876. Mr. and Mrs. Hatch are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, Mr. H. holding the positions of steward, trustee and superin- tendent of Sabbath School, and is widely known as a Sunday School worker and speaker, holding the office of president of the DcKalb County Sunday School Association and devoting much time and effort to build up the Sunday School cause in his county. SAMUEL B. IIITT, dealer in general merchandise, also farmer and fruit grower, Osborn, was born December 2, 1832, in Fauquier County, Virginia, and was there reared, spending his boyhood days on a farm. He attended the common schools, and, when fifteen years of age, accompanied his father to Lex- ington, Kentucky, where he commenced to learn telegraphy. At that time there was but one telegraph line in Kentucky, and that extended from St. Louis to Independence. Samuel continued the profession, work- ing at various places, until the spri"g of 1861, when he came west, and accepted the position as agent and operator at Osborn. The first important message received at this office was an account of the firing on Fort Sumpter. Osborn, at this time, was quite a shipping point, and a great deal of the shipping from Northwestern Missouri and Southern 136 BIOGRAPHICAL. Iowa was done at this place. Leavenworth and Kansas City received their mail from this point, the old Concord coaches being in use. In 1862, Mr. Hitt embarked in the mercantile business, and has since con- tinued therein, with the exception of five years, which he spent in farming. He carries a large and well assorted stock of general merchan- dise, also deals in agricultural implements, and buys and sells grain. He owns a well improved farm of eighty acres within the town plat of Osborn, and has a large variety of fruit. The farm is well stocked with graded cattle and Berkshire hogs. Mr. H. has been a member of the board of education for twelve years, and has always taken a live interest in educational matters. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity of Osborn. He was married, in October, 1863, to Miss Hannah Deweese, an estimable lady, a native of Louisville, Kentucky, born January 28, 1844. They have had four children, Bruce D., Arthur J., James and Florence A. Himself and wife are active members of the M. E. Church South, in which he holds the position of trustee. He is also teacher in the Sabbath School. JAMES E. HUGHES, or " Parson Hughes," as he is familiarl}- known, farmer and stock raiser, section 28, post office Osborn, was born March 5, 1822, near Fayette, the county seat of Howard County, Missouri. He was reared at his birth- place, spending his boyhood days on a farm. He received a preparatory education in the high school of Fayette, and in 1847 entered the Georgetown College, of Kentucky, where he took a regular course, and was graduated in 1853. He then commenced studying for the ministry at the Covington Theological Seminary, remaining twelve months, when the college was suspended on account of the slavery question. He returned home and became pastor of two missionary Baptist churches in Callaway County, ^Missouri, continuing there for two years, and came to Clinton County in the fall of 1855. He settled at Plattsburg, and was for ten years engaged in the ministry. He also had a fine farm of 570 acres ten miles south of Plattsburg. In 1S65 he sold his farm and pur- chased one near Turney, this county. Having been compelled to give up the ministry on account of his voice having failed, he was elected County School Commissioner in 185S, and was re-elected in i860 ; in 1872 he was elected to represent his district in the state legislature, serving for two years. He was a candidate for Congress from the Ninth District,. Clinton County, before the Democratic Convention in 1874, and was defeated by Mr. Kay. He resided at Turney eleven years, and then moved from there to his present farm, two and a half miles south of Osborn. It embraces 210 acres of fine land, well improved, 160 of which are under cultivation, fifty acres of timber and pasture land. Mr. I'LAJTt; TOWNSHII'. 137 H. was married October 23, 1854, to Miss Paulina Carpenter, a native of Kentucky, born March 5, 1832. She was educated at Liberty, Clay County, Missouri. They have had nine children, six of whom are liv- ing : Mary L., Annie B., Benjamin A., James T., C. H. and Georgia. Mr. H. is a member of the Masonic fraternity. MRS. ANN T. JOHNSON, section i, post office Stewartsville, is a native of Mason County, Ken- tucky, and was born April 22, 18 14, near May's Lick. Her maiden name was Ann T. Morris, and her grand parents were among the pioneers of May's Lick. She was raised there, and received excellent educational advantages. February 21, 1838, she was married to Milton Johnson, a native of Fleming County, Kentucky, who was born February 11, 1808. He was raised there, and became one of the largest farmers in that vicinity. They emigrated west in October, 1855, and settled in Clinton County, Missouri, where he purchased a tract of one thousand acres of land, on a part of which she now resides. This place was, at that time, known as the Elkhorn Tavern. The county was then almost a wilder- ness, and Mr. J. set about improving a home. They subsequently moved to Liberty, Clay County, Missouri, for the purpose of educating their children, and, while there, he died, on the loth of February, 1873. He stood among the leading citizens of the county, and had the respect and esteem of all who were favored with his acquaintance. He left a family of five children, four of whom are now living : Mary R. (now Mrs. ;\I. R. Mann), Lizzie (now Mrs. J. G. Fitch), William and Ben. They are members of the Baptist Church. Mrs. J.'s sister. Miss M. E. Morris, whom she has brought up since she was five years of age, lives with her. The farm comprises 420 acres of well improved land, well watered, con- taining a good residence, and is considered one of the best stock farms in the count}-. The youngest son, Ben, is at present, engaged in con- ducting it. Ben. Johnson was born June 28, 1851, in Mason Count)-. Kentucky, and was brought to Clinton County, by his parents, in the fall of 1855, and has been, principally, raised here. He received his educa- tion, mostly, at William Jewell College, of Liberty, Clay County, where he attended some three years. He is a stirring, energetic young man, possessing the necessary will and energy to succeed in whatever he undertakes. At present (1881) he holds the position of president of the school board. He is an active member of the Missionary Baptist Church. CAPTALN WALDEN KELLY, druggist and apothecary, Osborn, was born March 16, 1844, in Morrow County, Ohio, and spent his boyhood days on a farm, and received the 138 BIOGRAPHICAL. benefits of a common school education. He also worked for about eighteen months at the carpenter's trade. On the 5th of June, 1861, when but seventeen years of age, he enlisted as a private in Company E, Twenty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was mustered out October 21, 1865, thus serving over four }'ears. He took part in the battles of Pitts- burg Landing, Chickamauga, Chattanooga, and all the important battles in the Atlanta campaign ; at Frankfort, Nashville, and numerous others, and was absent from his regiment but three days during his term of ser- vice. He rose to the rank of first lieutenant of Company E, and was then transferred to the captainc\' of Company F, receiving this position before he became of age. He emigrated west in the spring of 1868, and settled on a farm in Clinton Count)-, and assisted his father in improv- ing 320 acres of land. He gave his attention to agricultural pursuits until the spring of 1881, when he purchased the drug business in which he is at present engaged. His stock is complete and well assorted, and having studied medicine to some extent, Mr. K. is well fitted for the occupation. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and is ser\-ing his third term as Master of the Osborn Lodge. He was married in the fall of 1866, to Miss Mary E. Crawford, a jiative of the same county and state as himself She was born April 10, 1848. They have had four children, three of whom are li\-ing: Ardy C, Minton J. and Leilo E. Himself and wife are members of the Baptist Church. JOHN B. KILLGORE, farmer and raiser of thoroughbred cattle, section i, postoffice Plattsburg, was born April 30, 1845, in Mason County, Kentucky, and was there reared, spending his boyhood days on a farm. He received excellent educational advantages and attended the Franklin Seminary for some time. He came west with his parents, in the fall of 1864, settling where he now resides, at that time open prairie. They commenced the improve- ment of a home, at which John assisted. He commenced business on his own account, when eighteen }'ears of age, and has since given his attention to farming. He settled near Plattsburg, and resided there until March i, 1 881, when his father died, and John moved to the old homestead. His farm consists of 405 acres of well improved land, and he gives his attention principally to the raising of short horn thoroughbreds. He has at present, about forty-five head of registered, and about one hun- dred head of high grades of cattle. He filled the position of school director several terms. Mr. K. \\as married in December, 1874, to Miss Amanda James, a native of Platte County, Missouri, born March 22, 1853. They have a family of three children : Charles, Almina and Mary. Mrs. K. is a member of the Christian Church. They are industrious and energetic citizens, and deserve'the esteem in which they are held by a host of friends. I'LATTK loWNSlin'. 139 COLBY LAXIIAM, fanner and stock raiser, section 26, post office Stewartsville, was born May 15, 1816, in Madison County. Kentuckj-, and resided there until about twelve j-ears of age, when he removed to Orange Count)-, Indi- ana, then came to Platte County, Missouri, in 1841. His bo)'hood days were spent in tilling the soil, and he received the benefits of a com- mon school education. He has made farming his occupation through life. Coming from Platte to Clinton County, in the spring of 1856, he purchased the place he now occupies, and devoted his attention to agri- cultural pursuits. During the war, he first enlisted in the Enrolled Mis- souri Militia, in the fall of 1862, and afterwards enlisted in Company H., Fourth Missouri Cavalr)-, and served under General Pleasanton. He assisted in dri\ing General Price from Missouri, and took part in the battles on the Blue and at Mine Run, Kansas. Since the war he has given his attention to farming, and now owns 1S5 acres of well improved land and twent}- acres of timber. Mr. L. has been entirely a self made man, and earned the mone\- with which to bu_\- his first piece of land b}' working out at ten dollars per month. A. J. LAWRENCE, ' ph_\-sician and surgeon, was born October 12, 1831, in Clark County, Kentucky, and was there brought up, spending his bo}-hood da\-s on a farm. He rccei\'ed his education at the Transj-K-ania L^niversit}-, of Le.xington, Kentucky, taking his first course of lectures in the winter of 1852 and 1853. He subsequently went to Montgomery City% Kentucky, and commenced the practice of his profession, continuing therein until the war broke out, when he was prohibited from further practicing, for the time being. Coming west in the spring of 1867, Dr. L. settled at Gasney Mills, Clay County, Missouri, where he continued the practice of his profession for about ten years. He them came to Turney, Clin- ton Count}-, remaining there three years, when he moved to Osborn, February, 1879. The Doctor, although probably one of the heaviest of his class in the state, is agreeable and pleasant in his manners, and has the respect and esteem of many acquaintances. In the practice of his profession, he has met with marked success, and attends to calls with great alacrity. He has met with two reverses in life, and has been twice depressed, financially, but he is not disheartened. He was married on the 29th of August, 1852, to Miss Elizabeth Lott, a native of the same place as himself. They have a family of six children living : Alice, (now Mrs, Willhart), James, Mary and Martha (twins), Oscar and Willie. Lost three. James is now studying medicine with his father. I40 BIOGRAPHICAL. W. G. LOGAN, physician and surgeon, Perrin, was born November 24, 183,1, in Lincolni County, Kentucky, at the mouth of Logan Creek. This creek was named after his uncle. General Ben. Logan, who, together with two others, were the first pioneers in that vicinity. William was reared at his birthplace, and received a preparatory aducation at Stanford, and, in the winter of 1851, entered the medical department of the University oi Louisville, Kentucky. He there attended his first course of lectures,, and, in the summer of 185 1, attended a course at the Transylvania L^ni- versity, of Lexington, Kentucky. He returned to Louisville, in the fall of :850, and was graduated on the 25th of February, 1852. He then emigrated west, and arrived in Plattsburg, Clinton County, Missouri, in; July, and commenced practicing. There he remained two years, and returned to Kentucky, in the fall of 1853, continuing the practice of hLs profession. Returning to Missouri in 1856, he settled in Andrew County. He commenced farming, also engaged in the practice of his profession,, and, soon after the breaking out of the war, he returned to Kentucky, and remained ten years. He again returned to Missouri, in 187 1, and settled in Platte County, and then removed to St. Joseph in the spring of 1873, where he engaged in the wholesale drug business. He sold his interest to his partner, that same fall, on credit, and returned to Platte County, but his partner, having broken up in the spring of 1874, the doctor lost all he invested. He came to Clinton County, in July,. 1874, and settled at Perrin, and built the handsome residence he now occupies. He owns twelve acres, where he resides, besides two fine farms in the county. He was married, November 9, 1853, to Miss M. T. Arnold, a native of Jessamine County, born May 19, 1834. She inherited the cave in which Daniel Boone wintered in his first winter in Kentucky. They have had three children : Fanny, Lena and James. Himself and wife are active members of the Cnristian Church. He has been a mem- ber of the Sons of Temperance for some seventeen years. His son, James, is a member of the class which will graduate, in June, 1882, from the State University, at Columbia, Missouri. The doctor is well known thoughout the county, and a favorite with all. THOMAS J. McGLAUFLIN, farmer and stock raiser, section 21, post office Osborn, was born June 26,. 1836, in Washington County, Maine, and was there brought up on a farm and in the lumber business. He recived the benefits of a common school education. His father was a blacksmith, and Thomas learned the trade of him. In the spring of 185S he went west to California, arriving in San Francisco with a $20 gold piece in his pocket, remained about ri.ATTt: TOWNsiiir. 141 seven j-ears, engaged in mining, working on a lanchc and lumbering. TI1C last four years he spent in Nevada. He entered the territor_\- before ■it became a state, and also voted for the first governor afterward. He returned to his native state and count)- in the fall of 1865, and resided there four months, when he moved to Anoka County, Minnesota, where he visited a brother. From there he came to this county, arriving in June, J 868, when he purchased the land where he now resides. He owns a fine farm of 200 acres, and also 160 acres of pasture land in DeKalb County. The home farm is well improved and watered, and is well stocked with thoroughbreds and graded cattle, besides a drove of sheep, among which are blooded Cotswold. He is no office seeker, but gives his attention to his legitimate business. Mr. McG. was married in May, 1 87 1, to Miss Agnes Blake, a native of Scotland, born February 9, 1848, in Roxburyshire. They have had four children, two of whom are living, Emma ajid Agnes. Mrs. G. is a member of the Presbyterian vChurch. HENRY C. McGASSON, farmer and stock raiser, section 19, post office Osborn, was born August 13, 1844, in Green County, Kentucky, and there grew to manhood, prin- cipally, on a farm, and received a common school education. When si.x- teen years of age he commenced to learn the carpenter trade, at which lie worked for about two years. During the late war, he enlisted in the First Kentucky Cavalry, Companj- F. second organization, and served three years, taking part in the battles of Murfreesboro, Chickamauga, Missionar)' Ridge, Lookout Mountain, Tunnel Hill, Big Shanty, Snake ■Creek, Plum Creek and Atlanta. He joined Hood at Franklin, and was with him at Nashville, and afterwards, with Sherman, through Georgia and South Carolina, remaining till the close of the war. He received a i^light wound in the hand, and had his left leg broken. Since the war, he has given his attention to farming and following his trade. He emi- grated to Texas, in 1878, and engaged in farming. A severe hail storm destro)-ed an excellent crop, and, becoming disgusted with the country, he returned to Clinton County, Missouri, in the fall of 1878. He has a fine farm of eighty acres, partially improved, and is working it by steady and energetic efforts. Mr. McG. has been twice married. First, Octo- ber 18, 1867, to Miss Mary E. Rogers, a native of Hardin County, Ken- tucky. She died May 3, 1872, and left two children, Ida and Betty S. He was married again in November, 1874, to Miss Eugenie Carter, a native of Boone Count)-, Kentucky. By this union they have two chil- dren, Mar\' A. and Katie F. Himself and wife are members of the .Baptist Church. Mr. McG. was formerly a member of the grange. 142 BIOCRAI'HICAL. ANTHONY C. AIcKEE. farmer and stock raiser, section 15, post office Perrin, who ranks among- the earlier settlers and worthy representatives of this county, was born in Franklin County, Kentucky, February 3, 1818. He was there reared, spending his boyhood days on a farm and received a preparator)' educa- tion in the common schools, after which he attended school at South Hanover. He commenced the study of medicine, but, afterward, aban- doned it, and turned his attention to farming. He commenced business on his own account when about eighteen years of age, and moved to Clinton County, Missouri, in the fall of 1854, settling in this neighbor- hood. The residents were then few and far between, and the early comers found many hardships to endure. Mr. McK. located where he now resides in March, 1872. He owns 120 acres of land, well watered, and upon which is a young orchard. He was married November 11, 1852, to Miss Francis E. Hurst, a native of the same place as himself. She was born December 20, 1837. They have been blessed with a family of ten children-: Hamilton, George H., John D., Martha E., Robert E. L., Sarah M., Anthony C, James, Mary E., and Katherine. Himself, wife and daughter, Martha, are members of the Smith Fork Baptist Church. JOSEPH McOUATE. stock raiser, section 26, post office Osborn, was born in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, March 14, 185 1, and was there reared, spending his boyhood days on a farm, and receiving a common school education. His first start in life on his own account was in 1867, his father having given him $85, with which to buy some cattle. He was at this time young and inexperienced, and conceived the idea of taking a little excursion. He ran away to Wooster, Ohio, where he remained until his money gave out, when he returned home. His father had bought a piece of timber in Virginia, and was engaged in making railroad ties. Joseph commenced work in earnest, and remained at home for two years. He then removed to Chicago, and found himself in a strange city with but five dollars in his pocket. Having resolved to go to Sterling, Illinois, he bought a ticket, and with fifty cents started for that place. Arriving at Sterling, he formed the acquaintance of a Mr. Shaw, a prominent farmer and stock dealer, living near there, and engaged to work for him. He has been in his employ most of the time since. Mr. Shaw came west in 1872, and Joseph followed in the fall of 1873. He here assisted him in the stock business, and also commenced on his own account. Becoming, quite successful, in the fall of iSSo, he purchased a farm of 120 acres of improved land, and has it well stocked. J. E. MAVSK, farmer and stock raiser, section 13, post office Perrin, one of the earliest pioneers of Clinton County, is a native of Montgomery County, Vir- ginia, and was born December 16, 1822. He was taken to Kentucky by his parents when about ten years of age, and was principally raised there, and spent his boyhood days on a farm ; also attending the com- mon schools. He came west with his parents in 1847, and settled in Platte County, Missouri, where he followed the brickmason's trade, and erected many brick buildings in that vicinity and at Camden Point, among which was the Camden Point Female Academy, the first institution of learning in the county. He came to Clinton County in 1848, when it was almost a wilderness, and constructed the first circular saw mill in this vicinity, operating it about three years. He then commenced im- pro\ing a farm, and has since been identified with the interest of the county. He settled on his present place in 1872, and now owns a fine farm of 200 acres, where he resides, besides other land. He has a com- fortable residence, an excellent orchard, etc. During the late war he enlisted in the Enrolled Missouri Militia, and acted as provost marshal. Mr. M. was married February 8, 1855, to Miss Isabella Everett, a daughter of Mathew Everett, one of the oldest settlers in Northwestern Missouri. She was born September 10, 1836, in Clay County, Missouri. They have had fourteen children, nine of whom are now living : James B., Rebecca P., Henry C, Andrew J., Cora B., Joel W., Galen B., Sally J. and Robert C. Mrs. M. and two of her daughters are members of the Missionary Baptist Church. Mr. M. is a member of the Masonic fraternity. His grandfather, on his mother's side, was a soldier in the revolutionary war, and was killed by the British, and his great grand- father was scalped by the Indians on the Pottawatomie raid ; never- theless he lived to be 100 years of age. BENJAMIN' MILLER, farmer and stock raiser, section 30, post office Osborn, was born Feb- ruarj- 23, 1809, in Kentucky, eighteen miles south of Cincinnati, Ohio, and was taken to Ohio County, Indiana, when quite young, there being principally raised. He spent his boyhood days on a farm and attended the common schools. In the spring of 1829, he made his first trip from Cincinnati to New Orleans by water, and, in 1830, engaged in the milling business, which he followed for two years. He then sold it out and engaged in farming in the summer season and boating on the river in the winter season, having made six or seven trips to New Orleans, the last two during 1868 and 1869. Upon coming west, in the spring of 1869, he settled where he now resides, owning 320 acres of land well 144 BIOGRAPHICAL. improved and stocked. Mr. Miller is well and favorably known in the county, and his character is irreproachable. Of late, he has partially retired from an active business life. Mr. M. has been twice married : First, in the spring of 1834, to Miss Sarah Powell, a cousin of Nathan Powell, president of the Madison Bank, of Indiana. She was a native of Maryland, and died November i, 1854, leaving six children: Maria (now Mrs. J. Rodgers), William, Rosette (now Mrs. C. S. Carter), Fannie (now Mrs. J. C. Pate), Benjamin, and Columbus. His second marrige occurred in October, 1855, to Mrs. Mary Richardson, who had two chil- dren b}- her former marriage : Mary B. (now Mrs. B. B. Lowre\'), and Joseph A. By the latter union there are two children : Harriet (now Mrs. RobeVt Chappell), and Charlie C. Himself and wife are active members of the Smith Fork Baptist Church. JAMES MILHOLLAND, farmer and stock raiser, section 35, post office Osborn, was born Septem- ber 7, 1837, near Zanesville, in Muskingum County, Ohio, and was reared at his birthplace, receiving his education at the Muskingum College, and was graduated from the scientific department in 1859. He was first engaged as assistant civil engineer on the Central Ohio Railroad, and next commenced teaching, which he continued for ten years. He was also occupied in the study of law, and was admitted to the Ohio district courts in 1865, and to the supreme court in 1871. He at once engaged in the practice of his profession at Zanesville, and also edited a paper called the Zanesville Signal, which he established by buying out the Aurora and the Press, and consolidating them. After remaining there about three years, Mr. M. accepted the position of chief engineer and attorney of what is now the Marietta, Pittsburg & Cleveland Railroad, and aided in procuring the right of way and establishing the road. He came west in the spring of 1871, and settled in Clinton County, Missouri, where he has since remained, and has been engaged in farming, teaching and the practice of law. Of late Mr. M. has retired from active business life. He owns a small farm of forty acres, which has upon it one of the best vine}-ards in the county ; also a good orchard. He has been twice married. First, in June, 1S57, to Miss Lydia VVycuff, a daughter of one of the pioneers of Muskingum County, Ohio. She died in 1866, and left three children : L. H., Wilbur A. and Anna A. He was married again January 2, 1868, to Miss Caroline Daniels, a native of Carroll County, Ohio. She was born March 24, 1843. By this union they have four children ; Asa D., Henrj- S., Vernia V. and John A. Himself and wife were brought up in the faith of the old school Presb\-terians, but are at present members of the M. E. Church, South. PLATTt: TOWNSlIIi'. I45 CAPTAIN F. \V. MUUKi:, farmer and stock raiser, was born October 24, 1831, in Ogdensbursr New York, and was reared there until fifteen years of age, receiving the benefits of a common school education. He left home when fifteen years of age, and went to New York City, where he purchased an interest in a canal and commenced working for the American Transportation Company, of New York. After remaining there three years, and receiv- ing his interest from his father's estate, he came west, and spent one year traveling through Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, and Mis- souri. He finally settled at Black River Falls, Jac"kson County, Wiscon- sin, and purchased an interest in a hotel, livery and stage company, there being occupied in carrying the mails between Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin, and St. Paul, Minnesota. At this time this was one of the largest mail routes in the state. The)- continued the business there four years, and Captain M. was also privately engaged in the lumber business. He ne.xt moved to Eauclaire, and, in partnership with another gentleman, engaged in the wholesale liquor business, which he afterwards disposed of to his partner, and built the first steamboat on the Chippewa River. Since then, he has given his attention to steamboating for some twenty- five years, on the Ohio, i\Iississippi and Missouri rivers. He became a member of the Idaho Steam Packet Company, and in the spring of 1864, started, with two boats, from Cincinnati, Ohio, for Fort Benton, on the upper Missouri. He finally reached a point near there, with one boat, after sinking and raising her twice. This was the first boat that had reached that place on the river. He wintered there and explored the country. In the winter of 1867, he sold out his interest in the packet business. During his stay in Montana, he was elected a member of the first legislature, and also laid off the town of Ophir, at the head of navigation, on the Missouri River. He came to Osborn in Decem- ber, 1868, and has made this his home since, having given his time, chiefly, to farming and stock raising. He owns a one-half interest in 320 acres in DeKalb County, and a fine farm of 120 acres, in Clinton County, also, some town property in Osborn. Captain M. was married July 30, 1866, to Miss Eliza J. Hi.Kon, a native of La Crosse, Wisconsin. They have had three children, Carrie, Frankie and Nellie. Mr. M. is a member of the Masonic fratcrnit)-, and belongs to Osborn Lodge, and to the Ro)-al Arch Chapter, of Cameron. T. T. PHELPS, farmer and stock raiser, section 33, post office Osborn, was born Novem- ber 26, 1835, in Madison County, Kentucky, and was raised there, his youth being passed on a farm. He received the benefits of a common 146 BIOGRAPHICAL. school education, and when twenty-one years of age he commenced farming on his own account. Upon moving west, in 1857, he settled where he now resides. He entered a choice piece of land and com- menced improving a farm, which at present (1881) embraces 190 acres, and is one of the finest in the township and mostly under cultivation. Being among the pioneers, Mr. P. is widely and favorably known, also because he has been a prominent actor in the Democratic party. He has always taken a deep interest in the improvement and building up of the county. He holds the position of school director and road overseer. He was married in the year 1861, to Miss Bitty Turner, a native of the same place as himself. She was born August 7, 1842. They have had a family of six children, five of whom are living — James, George, Robert, Carpenter and Brown. Himself and wife are members of the Christian Church of Round Prairie, in which he holds the position of deacon and clerk. James Price Phelps, his eldest son, was born February 13, 1862, in Clin- ton County, and has been reared and educated here. He is an industri- ous, energetic young man, and promises to succeed in whatever he undertakes. JOHN T. PICKETT, farmer and stock raiser, section 26, post ofiRce Stewartsville, was born May 29, 1837, in Clay County, Missouri, and was there brought up, spending his boyhood days on a farm. He attended the common schools, and afterwards commenced to learn the wagonmakers' trade when eighteen years of age. This he followed for about eight years. He moved to Clinton County in the spring of 1S63, and settled where he now resides. He commenced its improvement in i860, when it was a prairie, and even then wild game still remained. Mr. P.'s farm now comprises 160 acres of improved land, well watered and stocked. In his manners Mr. P. is kind and courteous. He is very attentive to busi- ness, and has held the office of school director for several terms. He was married in March, 1863, to Miss Isabella Grooms. Her parents were among the pioneers of Clay County, Missouri. She was born Feb- ruary I, 1845, in that county. They have had two children — Cora J. and Arthur J. Himself and wife are members of the Cumberland Presby- terian Church, in which he is one of the trustees. JOSEPH H. PICKETT, farmer and stock raiser, section 23, post office Stewartsville, was born April 18, 1842, in Clay County, Missouri, and was reared there, spending his boyhood days on a farm, and received the benefits of a good common school education. He first engaged in trading, but has devoted his attention principally to farming. During the late war, he enlisted in the IM.ATTE TOWNSlllI'. I47 Confederate army, in the foil of 1861, and served with General Price, taking part in the battle of Pea Ridge, Arkansas. He held the position of corporal, served six months, and received an honorable discharge, He returned home, and has since given his attention to farming. In the spring of 1865, he moved to the place he now occupies, and owns a fine farm of 220 acres, well improved, stocked, etc. Mr. P. gives his whole attention to his business. He is no political aspirant, although he has filled the township office of school director. Mr. P. was married, March 30. 1865, to Miss Miriam Warren, a native of Clay County, Missouri, born February 18, 1848. They have had six children : Dallas, William, Robert A., Edward, Vena and Dora. Mr. P. has in his possession some relics, which are quite a curiosity. He has a copy of the Ulster County Gazette, of New York, under date of January 4, 1800, containing an account of the death of General Washington, and giving the feelings of the people in regard to it. JOSEPH QUELL, farmer and stock raiser, section 35, poit office Osborn, one of the hard working and energetic citizens of this county, was born in Germany, January 6, 183 1, and was raised there as a millwright, and received the benefits of a common school education ; worked at his trade after reach- ing his majority. He crossed the ocean during the winter of 1850, and landed at Baltimore on the i8th of June, after a stormy voyage of fifty- four days. He soon settled at Pottsville, Schuylkill County, Penns)-1- vania, and engaged in working at the carpenter work among the coal works, and being a good workman, he found sufficient employment. He remained thereuntil 1870. During the late war he enlisted in a Penn- sylvania regiment, hastened to the relief of Gettysburg and served about three months. Upon coming west in the spring of 1870, he set- tled where he now resides on the 25th of May. He commenced to im- prove a farm, which he found to be a difficult task, but he worked indus- triously and was successful. He now owns 280 acres of well im- proved land, having two good houses, orchard, etc. Mr. Q. was mar- ried in 1853 to Miss Gusta Smith, also a native of Germany, born Sep- tember 24. 1828. They have five children living : John, George, Josephine (now Mrs. John Preston), Lewis and Joseph ; lost three. Himself and family are members of the Catholic Church of Cameron. DANIEL T. SHEWEV, farmer and stock raiser, section 25, post office Stewarts\'ille, was born November 27, 1825, in Roanoke County, Virginia, and was raised there and spent his boyhood days on a farm. He attended the common 148 BIOGRAPHICAL. schools, and has made agricultural pursuits his occupation through life. Removing west, in the fall of 1849, he settled about four miles south of Plattsburg, which was at that time but a small place. The surrounding country was unsettled, and hunting was the favorite amusement with the settlers. Mr. S., being a crack shot, had his share of the sport. He also commenced to improve a farm, which he sold in 1S64, and bought the place he now occupies in 1865. During the late war he enlisted in the Enrolled Missouri Militia, although he was exempt from military duty. The place on which he now resides was in its primitive state when he settled here, and he, alone, has brought it into cultivation. It consists of eighty acres, and is well watered, etc. Mr. S. has filled the position of road overseer several terms. His two sisters are keeping house for him. The\- are estimable ladies and are both natives of Virginia. MILTON C. SMITH, farmer and stock raiser, section 23, post office Stewarts\-ille, was born January 21, 1813, in Mason County, Kentuck}-, and was there brought up, passing his youthful days on a farm. He received excellent educational advantages ; attended the Augusta College three terms, and by devot- ing his leisure moments to study, after lea\-ing college, he obtained a thorough knowledge of the Greek and Latin languages. His father was a stone mason, and Milton learned that trade. He commenced in life for himself in 1836; first engaged in teaching, which profession he fol- lowed for four or five years. He then married and engaged in farming. He removed westward, in 1862, and settled in Clinton County, where he now resides, and commenced to make a farm. He now owns a fine tract of 280 acres, and has it partially improved, and upon it is a good orchard of apples, cherries and peaches. He is upright -and honest in his dealings, and is much of a gentleman in his manners. Mr. S. was mar- ried, in 1843, to Miss Mary E. Killgore, a native of the same place as himself. She was born June 10, 1822. They have had nine children, four of whom are living: Robert, Joseph P., Ella (now Mrs. D. M. Turney, of Perrin), and Mattie (now Mrs. E. H. Lindsay). Mr. and Mrs. S. are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. Mr. S. is probably as well known among the old settlers as any man in the count}-, and holds the respect of all whom it is his pleasure to know. JOHN K. STITFIELD, farmer and stock raiser, section 15, post office Osborn, was born June 16, 1838, in Lexington, Fayette County, Kentucky, and was there reared, and educated in the schools of that place. After reaching his majority, he worked for two years at the house painter's trade. He accompanied ri.ATTE TOWNSHIP. I49 Ill's parents west in the fall of 1856. They settled in Clinton County, Missouri, and, in this neighborhood, John has made his home since. The count)- was almost a wilderness at that time, and settlers were few in number. He commenced life a poor boy, and first worked out by the day, and, being honest and industrious, he began to accumulate some property. He settled where he now resides in the .spring of 1S65. He owns a fine farm of 160 acres, 100 acres of which is under cultivation, the remainder being pasture. He has a fine orchard of about thirty acres. His farm is well stocked with high graded cattle. He has been interested in raising fine horses, and some of his stock are in Chicago, and others in St. Joseph. Mr. S. has filled the positions of school director and road overseer several terms. He has been twice married ; first, in October, 1859, to Miss M. F. Young, a native of Berkley County, Vir- ginia. She died in January, 1876, leaving five children : Eugene, James H., Nettie, Mattie and Charlie. They lost one. He was married again in 1877, to Mrs. Sarah \'. Gra}-, who had four children by her former marriage : Charles, Henry, Tecumseh and Sidney G. By the latter union there is one child, Hattie. Himself and wife are active members of the Baptist Church of South Fork. He has been a member of the Baptist denomination since he was eighteen years of age. OLIVER TALBOTT, farmer and stock raiser, section 34, post office Osborn, was born July 5, 1S35, in Carroll County, Ohio, and there grew to manhood, spending his boyhood days on a farm and receiving the benefits of a common school education. When twenty-two years of age he commenced railroading on the Pittsburgh, Ft. Wayne & Chicago Railroad, following the busi- ness for thirteen years, and then served in various capacities, most of the time in the freight department. During the late war he lent a helping hand in assisting Captain John Morgan on his raid through Ohio. He came west in 1869, and settled near Cameron, Clinton County, Missouri, and engaged in farming and stock raising. In 1873 he settled where he now resides, owning 160 acres of fine land. He gives his attention principally to the raising of high graded cattle. He com- menced life on his own account when thirteen years of age, and has worked his own way through life unaided. He has always been among the foremost in educational matters, and has filled the position of school director several terms. Mr. T. was married April 11, 1S65, to Miss Laura J. Duncan, a native of Lorain County, Ohio, born in 1839. They had two children, Louisa and Mertie J. D. S. THOMPSON, carriage maker and blacksmith, Osborn, was born October 6, 1835, in P>ie Count)-. New York, and was reared in the western part of the state. 150 BIOGRAPHICAL. His father was a carpenter, and D. S. learned the trade of him, and also received the benefits of a common school education. When twenty- two years of ago he commenced to do universal woodwork at the wagon trade, which, together with carriage making, has been his business through life. He enlisted in Company C, Ninth New York Cavalry, in the fall of 1862, and served for ten months, taking part in the main bat- tle at Chancellorsville and the famous battle at Gettysburg, where his regiment was the first to fire a gun. Since the war he has given his attention entirely to his trade. He emigrated west in the spring of 1872, and settled in Colfax Township, DeKalb County, Mo., and engaged in farming. In the fall of 1879 he moved to Osborn, and engaged at his trade. He has a neat, well arranged shop, and being an excellent workman, is prepared to do good work. His oldest son, Fred E., learned the blacksmith trade, and does the iron work. Besides his town property, he still retains his farm of 100 acres about three miles from this place. Mr. T. was married October 14, 1856, to Miss Harriet N. Davis, a native of New York, born July 8, 1834. They have six chil- dren living : Fred E., Ellen J. (now Mrs. L. E. Sampson), John M., Charles H., Silas D., Mary L.; lost one. Mr. T.'s mother is still living, and resides with her son. She is now in her seventy-first year. Her husband and self were among the pioneers of Erie County, New York, having come when it was a wilderness and the city of Buffalo was but a hamlet. CAPTAIN JOSEPH TRUEX, the fifth in a family of tweh-e children, was born near Springfield, Sanga- mon County, Illinois, on the 20th of May, 1832. His parents were both natives of Pennsylvania, and Joseph was taken by them to Knox County, Illinois, where he received the advantages of a good English and com- mercial education. He learned the carpenter trade, and followed it for ten years, and, also, for six years, was engaged in teaching. At the age of twenty, or in April, 1852, he came to Daviess County, Missouri, and the following year, to DeKalb Countj', settling near Taylor's Mills. After remaining there one year, he removed to where the town of Fair- port is now located, making that his home lentil the breaking out of the war. In 1861, Mr. Truex enlisted in the DeKalb Battalion, Enrolled Missouri Militia, commanded by his father-in-law, and, in 1863, was elected captain of his company, which position he held until the close of the war, in 1865. He afterwards commenced the mercantile business, at Maysville, and, in partnership with Mr. Pritchard, continued one year, when they removed to Osborn, and bought out the firm of Hitt & Dun- can: In 1867, Mr. T. bought his partner's interest, and since then he has conducted the business alone. In 1872, he erected the best building in Osborn, to which he is now (1S81) making an addition. When com- ri.ATTK TOWNSIIIP. 151 plctcd, this will yivc them the use of three rooms, each eighty-four feet in length. The building is three stories in height, with halls on the upper floors, one of which is to be occupied by the Masonic frater- nity. He is largely engaged in the purchase and shipment of grain and cattle, the firm in this latter line being Duncan & Truex, the first named being president of the Clinton County Stock Association. Mr. T.'s investments in real estate, have been large. He owns about 1,200 acres of land, including some of the finest farms in Clinton and DeKalb Counties. He is a staunch Democrat, having received this political faith from his father. He held the position of post master here for six years, receiving the appointment from President Johnson. He is the present representative from the county in the state legislature, ha\-ing been elected by a majority of 346 votes. On the 22d of Februar\-, 1856, he married Nancy J., youngest daughter of Elias Parrott, a prominent citizens of DeKalb County, Missouri. She was born May 14, 1838. They have had ten children : Edward U., Delia A., Mary J"., Thompson, Clara A., John \\^ and Daniel A., living, and three are deceased. Mr. T, his wife, and threeof the children are members of the Baptist Church, of which he is a deacon. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and belongs to St. Joseph Commandery, No. 4. As a business man, his suc- cesses are the result of his own personal exertions. The position he occupies in the church, in the business community, and in the various benevolent orders, of which he is so prominent a member, all testify to the universal respect in which he is held. D. M. TURNEV, farmer and stock raiser, section 20, post office Perrin, was born June 4, 1S33, in Cynthiana, Harrison County, Kentucky, and was taken to Shel- b)-ville, Illinois, when about four years of age. There he was raised and educated. He entered into the mercantile business when .fourteen j-ears of age, and followed it while he remained there. Coming west in 1853, he settled in St. Joseph, and entered the store of Donald, Saxton & Co. He removed from there to Plattsburg in the spring of 1855, and was employed for ten months with Thomas E. Birch. He then entered the land and law office with his brother, Thomas E. Turney, and remained there until 1857, at which time he sold some of the finest land in the county for twenty-five cents per acre. They handled about twenty thousand acres in this and adjoining counties, and he is well known among the early pioneers of this section. He married and moved to Ray County in 18J7, and engaged in farming and merchandising. During the war he moved to St. Louis, and engaged in buying horses and mules for the govenment, and purchased the first car load from this vicinity. He returned to Clinton County in 1864, and engaged in farming. From 152 KIOGRAPHICAL. here he moved to Stewartsville, DeKalb County, and engaged in the practice of law. After making that his home till 1869, he returned to Plattsburg and entered the office with his brother. He purchased the land on which he now resides in 1870, and immediately settled upon it. It contains 160 acres, well improved, and watered by springs. He helped organize the first company of Federal soldiers in the county, and did it under cover of night, as the other party was the strongest, and would not allow the Federals to organize. He has never been an office-seeker, but has always given his attention to his business. Mr. T. has been twice married. First, in 1857, to Miss Euphemia Burgess, a daugh- ter of one of the oldest citizens of Ray County. She died in the fall of 1869, and left four children : Samuel T., Daniel M., Thomas E., Try- phosa I. He was married again in September, 1874, to Miss Ella Smith, a daughter of one of the oldest pioneers of Clinton County. She was born February 20, 1852, in Mason County, Kentucky. By this union they have three children : Milton S., Charles B. and Mattie L. Mrs. T. is a member of the M. E. Church, South. JAMES VAN SANT, farmer and millwright, section 21, post office Osborn, was born May 12, 1826, in Howard County, Maryland, and was raised at his birthplace. His father died while he was quite young, and his mother moved to Maconsburg, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, in 1838. When James became fourteen years of age, he commenced to learn pattern making for cutlers' machinery. He removed to Cincinnati, in 1846, and, in 1847, took a trip around the lakes to Chicago, thence to St. Louis, and back to Cincinnati, where he resided until 1849, engaged at the millwright busi- ness. Returning to St. Louis, in the fall of 1849, he engaged in that business there, and assisted in building several mills near that city, and many in Southern Illinois. He continued at his trade until the fall of 1879, his long experience, aptness and skill having given him a thorough knowledge of the business. He came to Clinton County in the fall of 1879, and purchased an eighty acre tract of improved land, and intends giving his time chiefly to tilling the soil. Mr. Van Sant was married, in the spring of 1869, to Mrs. Mellissa Parker, a native of Montgomery County, Missouri, born April 15, 1828. She has four children living, by her former husband : Louisa, Clara, Washington and Francis. Mrs. Van S. is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. The}- are among the leading and respected citizens of the county. GEORGE W. WHITE, carpenter and contractor, Osborn, was born on the 28th day of August, 1834. in Wayne County, New York, and grew to manhood and was edu- I'LATTE TOWNSIIir. 153 cated there, and. after becoming of age, he was engaged in teaching. This profession he followed for some nine years, in the winter seasons, working at the carpenter trade during the summer months. He came west, in the spring of 1868, and settled at Osborn, where he continued his calling until 1874, then turning his attention to farming, which he followed until 18S0. At that time he gave the care of the farm to his son, and again commenced working at his trade. He owns eighty acres of fine land within one mile of town, which is well improved and stocked. He also owns some property in Osborn, on which he resides. Mr. W. has filled the position of justice of the peace for two years, and chair- man of the board of directors for about eight years. Being a public spirited man, he has always contributed his full share toward the build- ing up and improving of the town. He was married, in 1858, to Miss Elizabeth VanMarter, a native of the same place as himself. She was born in 1839. They have had three children: Florence A., Frank V. and Nettie M. Himself and wife are active members of the M. E. Church, in which he holds the position of Trustee, and he has also been identified with the interests of the Union Sunday School, of Osborn, for some time, having held the position of superintendent for three years. A. B. WnXIAMS, farmer and stock raiser, section 23, post office Turney. Among the many foremost stock raisers of this district, the subject of this sketch, is worthy special mention. He is a native of Missouri, and was born Sep- tember 4, 1837. His father was one of the old pioneers of this county^ and was among the first ministers to preach the Gospel here. He was by faith a Baptist. His death occurred in November, 1849. ^- ^■ moved to his present place in 1862. He has 400 acres of land, all of which is under cultivation. He is one of our practical and progressive farmers, and is closely identified with the farming and stock raising interests of this district. He has a splendid residence and good sub- stantial barn, and his farm improvements generally show him to be a successful man. He has been twice married ; first to Matilda McBeath, Mays, 1861. After a few years of married life she passed away April 29, 1872. Mr. W. subsequently married Miss Belle Daniels. There are by the first marriage five children : Luke, Oliver P., Moses, Frank P, and Nellie, and by the second union his family consists of Ida. Alice, Cyrus and Hattie. They are members of the Baptist church, and with their liberality help the cause not a little. WALTER WILSON, farmer and stock raiser, section 22, post office Turney, was born April -3. '839, in Kane County, Illinois, and was taken to Whiteside County, 154 mOGRAI'HICAL. Illinois, by his parents when six months old. He was there reared, pass- ing his youth on a farm, and received the benefits of a good education. He commenced life on his own account when 21 years of age, and has made farming his occupation through life. Coining west in the spring of 1876, he purchased the fine farm he now occupies, consisting of 300 acres of fine land, well improved, and with an orchard of four acres in extent. He also has one thoroughbred, " Louan's Airdrie," and several high graded cattle. He is largely engaged in sheep raising, and has at present about four hundred head. He takes a live interest in educa- tional matters, and has held the position of school director some three years. During the time that the grange was in existence he acted as co-operative agent for the granges in this vicinity. He is an industrious and energetic citizen, and in h's dealings with his fellow-men is upright and honorable. He was married in January, 1877, to Miss Harriet Mc- Beath, a native of this county. She was born in 1855. They have had one child, Mary M. Mr. W. is a member of the Presbyterian Church, and his wife worships with the Christian Church. Ife — Sji-T-Sis— «J -^^ JACKSON TOWNSHIP. JAMES C. BERNARD, M. D„ ■was born in Franklin, Howard County, Missouri, October 7, 1821. He received a good common school education, and afterward attended the Georgetown College, of Kentucky. In 1840, having resolved upon the practice of medicine as a profession, he commenced its study with J. H. Ellison, M. D., an able physician in Kentucky, and after a thorough preparation and course in college, he was graduated, in 1843-4, with honors. He commenced practicing in Howard County, Missouri, and then went to Clay County, locating near Liberty, when, after two years, or in 1848, he came to Hainesville. February i, 1842, Dr. B. was mar- ried to Miss Susan F. Major, a daughter of Rev. John S. Major, a dis- tinguished and well known Baptist clergyman. The doctor's father was raised in Richmond, Virginia, and came to Howard County, Missouri, in 1820. He was the first man in the state to start the manufacture of cordage, in old Franklin, where he manufactured it verj- largely. After JACKSOX TOWNSIlll'. I 55 being burned out, he erected a factory in Boonville, Cooper County. The doctor has been an active Royal Arch Mason since i860. He has been a resident of Hainesville for thirty-three years, and, during this time, has had an extensive and successful practice. He is a man of good judgment, well read, and a gentleman in everj' sense of the term. In connection with his practice he has a drug store. Dr. B. was one of the leading business men when Hainesville was in her brightest days ; but after the railroad passed by, its decline commenced, until he is now the most prominent business man in the place. He will li\'e in the hearts and recollection of the people of Clinton Count}- a long time after he is numbered with the dead. JACOB N. BRAWNER was born in Jessamine Count)-, Kentuck}-, August 29, lcSi3, and came to Missouri in 1S31, settling in Clay County, where he remained eight \ears. In 1840, he came to this county and bought from Mr. Ledgwood 260 acres of land, which he improved and there made a fine home. Upon selling out he bought 260 acres in section 24, where the family now live, and which they have occupied for twent}--three years. Here the judge improved the farm, building a fine residence, and enjoyed it until his death, which occurred May 2, 1877, he being 64 years of age. He was a thorough farmer, and was interested in improved stock. He was also an active politician, feeling it his duty as well as pleasure to aid the Demo- cratic party. He was elected county- judge, and served so faithful'y that he was several times re-elected, and served altogether eight j-ears. He was emphatically a man of the people, never deceiving or disappointing them, but in the discharge of his duties he reflected honor and credit upon his county, as well as upon himself He was a zealous member of the Christian Church, and did much towards building it up, contributing liberally to its treasury-. Judge B. married Miss Eliza Jane Miller, of Clay County, Missouri, in September, 1840. Her parents were from Kentucky. They had as a result of this union twelve children : Susan E. B., Sarah M., Frances C, Clara J., Thomas M., David Oliver, John Henry, Clifton M., Nannie M., Bird Smith, George Neet and Rosalie. Clifton M. lives with his mother and works the farm. Three unmarried daughters, Clara J., Nannie M. and Rosalie, also live at home. Mrs. B. is very- energetic in taking care of the estate, in which she has been suc- cessful. JAMES R. COFFMAN. was born in Kentucky- June 10, 1820, and came tf) the present site of Hainesville, Clinton County, Missouri, with his mother and grandmother in 1828. The latter was a native of Germany, and lived to be 107 years 136 BIOGRAPHICAL. old, dying in Hainesville in 1S44. His mother lived to the advanced age of 93, and died in the spring of 1877. Mr. C. was married to Mary Richardson, who was born February 22, 1825. She died July 10, i860, leaving five children : David R. A., James K. P., Mary C, Samuel P. and George W. Judge C. was one of the first children to be brought to this county. He here grew to manhood, and early became a leading and influential member of the Democratic party. He was elected county judge in 1857, and with him were associated Judges Scott and Willis. Their weights were respectively, 240, 360 and 260 pounds, and they were known as the heaviest court ever in the county. The judge's early edu- cational advantages were limited, yet he was possessed of remarkable energy and perseverance. His opinion on all common law questions was eagerly sought after and carefully adhered to among the citizens of Hainesville. He had a large farm adjoining the village, consisting of 366 acres, with one of the best, if not the best, orchard in the CQunty. He also had 109 acres in an adjoining section, 640 acres in Arkansas, and 1,100 acres in Kansas. Successful in his land speculations, he was never fortunate as a farmer, his especial point being in trading, buying and selling, or dealing in stock. This was his principal business for many years. The judge was a friend to the poor, and was spoken of by all as one of the most liberal of men, notably so when circumstances required it. Judge C. came to his death by being thrown from a wagon, living only a few hours. He died August 3, 1881, at the Lathrop House. NEWTON DENNY, farmer and stock raiser, is the owner of 120 acres of land on sections 2 and II. He was born in Guilford County, North Carolina, January 21, 1817, and, with his father, George Denny, came to Clay County, Mis- souri, in October, 1835, locating on section 21, Jackson Township, in 1837. Newton Denny improved a farm in Clay County, which he after- wards sold, and then bought land in Clinton County. He married Miss Patsy Clark, in 1848, in Clay County. She died in 1849. In 1852, he opened a store in Liberty, and sold goods for two years, when he moved his store to Gosneyville. There he continued in trade for two years, and sold out and went to Hainesville, in 1856. He built a steam saw and grist mill, the first of the kind erected in this section of the county, and carried it on until 1862, doing an excellent business. During the war, he moved to Illinois, and remained until the fall of 1865. He then sold out his mill, bought a farm in Clay County, and improved it and exchanged it for the farm on which he now lives, moving upon it in 1873. Mr. D. married, for his second wife, Miss Mary Ella Ellington, of Clay County, in 1866. They have three children, Thomas Jefferson, Charles E. R. and Annie L. Mr. Denny is a member of the Presbyterian JACKSON TOWNSHIV. 157' Church, an upright citizen, and is respected by all who know him. His life has been an active one, and, thougii having met with the usual cares and perplexities of business life, he has been successful, and is possessed of a fineh- improved farm. GEORGE DENNY. farmer and stock raiser, is the owner of 266 acres, on sections 21 and 22. He was born in North Carolina, in 1826, and came to Missouri, with his father, in 1835, settling in Clay County, where he remained for two years. In 1837, the family moved into Clinton County. In 1850, with Judge Coffman and John Douglass, George Denny w^nt to California, where he remained two years, being successful in his business. He then returned home, bought a drove of cattle, took them to California in 1854, and again remained two years. Returning in 1856, he bought the old homestead, and has lived on it since. He married Miss Virginia Snoddy. of this county, in 1868. They have four children: Rufus A., Ralph K.. Nanc\- Jane and Virginia Susan. Mrs. Denny died January i, 1875. Mr. Denny is one of the best stock men in the county ; has a farm well adapted to raising and feeding stock. He spent two years in Montana and Salt Lake City, and has been successful in all his speculations, making good use of his means. George Denny, Sr., the father of the subject of this sketch, died at the residence of the latter, March 24, 1879, in his ninety-sixth year. Father Denny, as he used to be called, was born February 15, 1784, in Guilford County, North Carolina. His ancestors were originally a part of a Presbyterian colony, which settled in that county in the days of his grandfather, and organized the Buffalo Presbyterian Church, noted as being under the pastoral care of Re\'. David Caldwell, D. D.. for a period of sixty years. Mr. Denn)' was mar- ried, January 14, 1808, to Jane Kennedy, who died January 10, 1866, in the seventy-seventh year of her age. Shortly after their marriage, they united with the Buftalo Church. Mr. D. emigrated to Missouri, with his family, in 1835. In 1837, he settled on the farm, in Clinton Countj-, where he died, four sons and three daughters surviving him. His funeral service was held in the Old Bethel Church. His remains were tenderl)- laid away in the church yard, by the side of his beloved wife. His children, and his childrens' children, to the fourth generation, were pres- ent at the solemn service. Through nearly a century his quiet, happy and useful life flowed on. Almost to the last he was free from the infirmities of age. His form was erect, he never walked with a cane, and his eyes had but a little of the dimness of years. Always bright, sunny and cheerful, he calmly waited for the change, and then passed away. The children who survive are: Levi, William M., John A., New- ton. Nancy, Mary Jane, Nitha and George. 150 BIOGRAPHICAL. DEVER & ADKINSON, farmers, stock raisers and dealers, section 2. This firm is composed of Salem Dever, and R. Adkinson. The former was born in Madison County, Kentucky, in 1835, and came to this county with his father in 1857. He commenced his business career by purchasing a small portion of the farm which he and his brother-in-law, Mr. Adkinson, now occupy. They went to work with a will, and have been fortunate in their business, adding, from time to time, to their farm, so that, now, they own 165 acres of choice land. They have a fine farm, well improved, and upon which is a good house. Mr. R. Adkinson married to Miss L. Dever in 1865. William Dever, the father of Salem, was born in Madison County, Kentucky, March 9, 1808, and came with his family to Clinton County in 1857, settling in Hainesville ; as he was a stone mason he did much of the mason work in that vicinity for many years ; he married Miss Jane Clark, in Kentucky, 1829; they have had seven children: Nancy Jane, George, John Campbell, Salem, Sarah, and Ludica. He is an excel- lent workman and citizen, his judgment often being sought and adhered to ; his home is with his son and daughter. Mrs. Dever, his aged and faithful companion, died August 19, 1872, leaving besides her aged husband, many relatives and acquaintances to mourn her loss. THOMAS J. HUBBARD, farmer, section 17, was born in Garrard County, Kentucky, November 3, 1 82 1, and came to Clinton County, in 1849, soon buying the farm where he now lives, which now contains 180 acres. He married Miss Eliza- beth J. Reynolds, a daughter of David W. Reynolds, of this township, July 12, 1849. She was a native of Madison County, Kentucky. They have two children, Wm. B. and Thomas G. Wm. B. married Lovina E. Tutton, and they have one son, fifteen months old. Mr. Hubbard early conceived the idea of making stock i-aising his principal business, con- sequently, was eager to improve his stock. He bought the first blooded male which was brought into the county, and which has proven to be one of the best in the country. He also put in place the first set of farm scales in Clinton County, and was one of the first to feed stock for market. Mr. H. has done much in improving Clinton County, and bring- ing her into notice as one of the best in the state, and is worthy the esteem in which he is held by many. R. T. KELLY, farmer and dealer and shipper of stock, section 7, was born in Culpeper County, Virginia, April 22, 1S20. In 1832 his father came to Highland County, Ohio, where the family grew up and received their education. R. JACKSON TOWNSIIII'. 1 59 T. learned the tanner's trade of his father, and worked at it until he came to Clinton County in 1856, when he bought his farm, now containing 566 acres. He early commenced feeding and dealing in stock, and has made it his principal business through life. He has a fine farm, well adapted to his avocation, and has one of the best residences in this part of the county. His long experience in buying stock and his extensive acquaintance and honorable dealing have given him the advantage over many others. Mr. K. has some 1,300 head of cattle, which were bought in Washington Territory and driven to Wyoming Territory, where they are being fattened. He married Miss Mellissa Pavey, of Ohio, Decem- ber 18, 1843. The result of this union was eight children : Lettie (wife of James Y. Whitsitt), Charles T., Henry H., Thomas C, Fannie, Lizzie, Leroy and Emma. Thomas C. married Miss Eva Dillon, of Ohio. Mr- Kelly has taken great interest in giving his children the best advan- tages for an education. Fannie has received a thorough course in school, and is now one of the teachers of the Central College, at Lexington, Missouri. J. T. KIMSEY, M. D., was born in Platte County, Missouri, in 1852, and received a good educa- tion, chiefly by self application. Resolving on the practice of medicine as his profession, he commenced its study at Walden, Missouri, and subsequently learned the drug business thoroughly. He attended lec- tures at the American Medical College, of St. Louis, in 1877-8, but practiced two years in Platte County before attending lectures. He then located in Holt, where, by his skill and strict attention to business, he has gained an enviable reputation. Several young men who have studied with him have since graduated with high honors, and are becom- ing successful in their practice. The doctor is a close student and is ever seeking to further qualify himself, by study and practice, to cope with all the diseases of the human family, and become more perfectly skilled in the departments of surgery. AUSTIN R. KING, farmer, was born in Orange County, North Carolina, May 8th, 1800. In 1835, he came to Clinton County, Missouri, and .settled in Jackson Township, on section 25, buying eighty acres of land. He located forty acres, and commenced raising hemp, and was successful in that business. After having received a very thorough education, he had four years experience in a large store in Huntsville, Alabama, where he became a leading salesman. He married Miss Susan McRorry, in Orange County. North Carolina, February 27, 1827. She was a schoolmate of his, and they grew up in the company of each other. Mrs. K. was a l60 BIOGRAPHICAL. devoted christian worker, the church, the poor and sick, being the first objects of her charities. Mr. King served as justice of the peace for many years, and has been an active Democrat through life. He is a noble gentleman, belonging, as did his wife, to the Christian Church. Uncle King, as he is familiarly called, is one of the earliest and oldest settlers of the count}-, and has made many friends, and always retained them. His beloved companion died June 9, 1875. JAMES C. MADDEN, farmer and stock raiser, sections 21 and 28, was born in Tennessee, June 23, 1828, and came with his father to Clay County, Missouri, in 1847. In 1850, he went to California, remaining two years, working in the mines, at which he was quite successful. Upon returning to Clay County, after looking about for awhile, he bought a farm in Ray County, where he remained until 186 1, when he bought the farm on which he has since lived. He has one of the finest in Clinton County, and it contains 235 acres. He has a beautiful residence, and everything about betokens thrift and refinement. The farm was originally owned by William Ledg- wood. A. M. Streeter was a squatter on it fifty j'ears ago. Mr. M. is greatly interested in blooded stock, and has a number of excellent ani- mals. He is a prominent member of society, and does much for the advancement of education in the way of erecting school houses, etc. Mr. Madden was married to Miss Nancy Jane Hardwick, of Clay County, January 5, 1854. They have ten children: Fannie, George A., James T., Fleaty J., Nancy Ann, Sophronia Isabella, Minerva, Lela, Myrtle and Orpha. Mr. M. has earned his own waj- through life, having commenced with nothing, and now, surrounded by his family, can enjoy the fruits of his own industry. Mr. and Mrs. Madden and part of the family are members of the Christian Union Church. Mr. M. also belongs to the Masonic lodge at Holt, and is one of its active members. VINCENT MORROW, farmer, section 23, was born in Orange Count)-, North Carolina, Novem- ber 18, 1808. He was raised a farmer, and received but limited educa- tional advantages, although making the best use of what he had. He married Miss Sarah Jane Morrow, of Orange County, North Carolina, in 1835. They have, as the result of this union, six children : Robert S., J-oseph M., Wm. V., Annie, Mary Jane, and Susan Emily. Mr. M. came to Ray County, Missouri, in 1842, and remained there until the spring of i860, when he came to Clinton County, and bought his present farm. He commenced in life with very little means, and has moved quietly along, and has been moderateh- successful. His finel)- improved farm JACKSON TOWNSUir. I6l contains 210 acres. His son, William V. Morrow, was married to Miss Jennie Lambeth, August 24, 1S81. Having started out under such favorable auspices, it is to be hoped that theirs will be a life of jo)-. CHRISTOPHER PERKINS, firmer, section 12, is a son of David Perkins, who was born in Virginia and lived in this count}- for many years, dying March 4, 1854, at the advanced age of ninety-nine years. Christopher w;as born in Kentucky on the 9th of September 1804, and removed to Missouri in September, 1826, settling in this count)- in 1838. He bought a farm near Jefferson City, on which he li\ed for ten years and then came to this place and located 160 acres of land. He has since added to his original purchase until at the present time his landed estate consists of 1,500 acres. He married Miss E^lizabeth Fulkerson, a native of Virginia, March 6, 1830. They had a family of eight children, four of whom are now living — Sarah F., Mary Matilda, Martha E. and Celia. Lost four — James M., died in 1861, leaving two children, Christopher and James; Sarah P., married A. Peterman, and died December 4, 1859, leaving two children, Willie B. and Luella M.; Nancy J., died at the age of fourteen, and Rebecca in infancy. His worldly possessions when he settled here con- sisted of a pony and twenty-five cents in money. By industry and economy he has save a competency for his declining years. In his religious preferences he is a Baptist, and is also a member of the Masonic fraternity. Mrs. Perkins died February 20, 1880, lacking only a few days of their fiftieth marriage anniversar\-. P. M. ROBINETT, farmer, stock feeder and dealer, is the owner of 280 acres on section 26, and eighty acres in Ray County. He was born in Greene County, Illinois, in 1841, and lived there until 1868, when he came to Clinton County, Mis- souri, here buying the farm, where he resides. The present extensive improvements, in fences, orchard, etc., and his superior skill in culti\ating land, and, also, in feeding stock, show that he is in advance of the average farmer. He is a large feeder of and dealer in stock, and besides owning many cattle and hogs, he has some fine horses. He has been twice married. His first wife was Miss Nancy Witt, whom he married March 17, 1862. They had six children : Inez, Effie, Orson, William, Morris, and Louis. Mrs. R. died April 29, 1874. 'His second wile was Nancy Claflin, of Greene County, Illinois, to whom he was married Januar)- 26, 1875. By this union they have two children: Edgar and Georgia. Mr. R. has been a hard working man, meeting with the usual obstacles in life. These he has overcome and is the possessor of as l62 BIOGRAPHICAL. fine an estate as there is in the township. He is outspoken, upright in his dealings and is respected by his many acquaintances. JESSE B. TUGGLE, (deceased), was born in Virginia in 1811, and with his father moved to Knox County, Kentucky, and remained until he came to Clinton County, Missouri, in 1843. Here he bought 200 acres of land of a Mr. Totter, and soon had an excellent home. He married Miss Nitha H., daughter of George Denny, in 1846. By this union there were nine children: Nannie, James M., Henry Clay, Mary Lizzie, Virginia Belle, Martha E., Susan Alice, George B., Jesse Pearl. Mr. Tuggle died in 1870, and left the large farm of 1,100 acres, on section 23, to his widow and children. Mrs. Tuggle has since kept the family together, the sons cultivating the farm. P^ew w^omen could manage so large a farm and family as wisely, and at the same time so judiciously. Mr. Tuggle was a Demo- crat in politics, but not an office seeker ; still he was active at elections in helping to secure honorable and reliable men to hold important positions. He was not a member of any church, yet he contributed liberally for the support of the Gospel and benevolent objects, and did much toward the advancement of education. Mrs. Tuggle is a consis- tent member of the Presbyterian church. She has a larger circle of warm friends than generallj' falls to the lot of one to enjoy. ALFRED WHITSITT, farmer, is the possessor of 200 acres of land on section 21. He was born in Orange County, North Carolina, January g, 1805, and came to Missouri in 1830, settling in Clay County, and in 1839 he came to Clin- ton County. Here he bought a tannery near Hainesville, operated it for a while, when he sold out and bought a farm, which he subsequently dis- posed of and repurchased at different times. He finally bought his present farm of his father, who had settled there in 1839, and there he has since continued to live. Mr. Whitsitt was married in June, 1839, to Miss Sarah J. Baxter. They have seven children : Wm. W., Ann, James Y., Margaret, John B. and Sarah Adda. Mr. W. has belonged to the Christian Union Church for many years, and is a devoted mem- ber and liberal supporter thereof He was one of the earliest settlers here, and has seen many hardships and passed through many trials and discouragements incident to pioneer life. These have been overcome, and now he is a man honored and respected by all, and one whose counsel is cherished by many. CLINTON TOWNSHIP. TATRICK COURTNEY. farmer and stock raiser, section 5, post office Plattsburij. The subject of this sketch is a native of Irehmd, and was born on St. Patrick's day, March 17, 1822, and in honor of the day he was named Patrick. At the age of 28, he emigrated to this country, settling in Kentucky, and after remaining there about three years, he moved to Indiana, where he made his home for five years. In 1859, he again came west, and settled in Kansas, where he remained about six years, and, in 1866, emigrated to this county, settling where he now resides. Mr. C. has had varied changes in life, but this has enabled him to profit by his own, as well as the experi- ence ot others. He is one of our successful farmers, and an honest and affable gentleman. He was married in the fall of 1852, to Miss Ellen Burns. The result of this union was six children : John, now deceased ; Ellen, now deceased ; Bridget, now deceased ; Mollie, now deceased ; William P. and .Mary A. Three died in infancy. They are members of the Catholic Church. G. W. DAWSON, farmer and stock raiser, section 11, post office Plattsburg, although not one of the oldest pioneers, is, nevertheless, a man who has figured con- spicuously in the agricultural and stock raising interests of Northwest Missouri. He i- a native of Bourbon County, Kentucky, and was born (October 7, 1833. He was raised in the occupation he now follows, and received a good public school education. At the age of twenty-three, he emigrated to Missouri, settling in Clay County, in 1865, from whence he removed to this county, and located where he now resides. He has a fine residence on hi.s place, and his farm consists of 1,090 acres of some of the best land that the county contains, most of it being in a high state of cultivation. As a stock raiser, he is widely known. He has a herd of short horns second to none in this district. He has done much towards raising the grade of stock generally. Mr. D. was married June 17, 1S56, to Miss Georgia McCoun. They have had seven children : Mary L., Allie O. (deceased), Carrie P., John L., George C, James P. l64 BIOGRAPHICAL. and Sallie B. Mr. D. is a member of the Masonic fraternit}-, and also belongs to the Christian Church, and is one of the original members of Fairview Church, of this township. A. S. FRY, eldest son of Solomon Fry, a distinguished pioneer of the county, and of Susan, his wife, was born in Clay County, Missouri, January 29, 1829. The first school he attended was taught by Colonel Winslow Turner, on Rush Creek, in Clay County, near the town of Liberty. He afterwards attended a school taught in a building erected by his father, for that purpose, in Hardin Township, Clinton County, three miles southeast of the village of Bainbridge, his last scholastic instruction he received from a private teacher in his father's family. Mr. Fry is a man of enlarged views, and has traveled considerably over the continent. Among other excursions he made, with a party of friends, a pleas- ure trip to the Rocky Mountains, in 1875. His farm of 400 acres, six miles south of Plattsburg, is one of the best conducted in the county. He is a successful breeder of cattle, and was among the first to intro- duce stall feeding into the county. Mr. Fry has supplied the market with more first class cattle than any other man in the township. His uniform success in this department of enterprise, prompted him to attempt the short horn cattle business, in which he has made a successful start with specimens of the Josephine, Young Mary and Rose of Sharon, families which he imported from Kentucky. For one Rose of Sharon cow and calf he paid $1,100. Mr. Fry is not a member of any religious organization. He is, however, a Master Mason, and was made such in Plattsburg Lodge, A. F. and A. M., in 1875. He has been three times married; first, in 1856, to Miss Emma Bland, formerly of Clay County. She died in 1858, leaving no children. In 1859, he married Miss Alice Lindsay, originally from Kentucky. He had by this union one child, a son, Perry Fry, now a clerk in a drug store in Plattsburg. Mrs. Fry died in i860. In 1861, A. S. Fry married his third wife. Miss Emma Simp- son, a nati\e of Kentuck}'. The\- have four children : Cora, Emma, Albert and Marj-. W. M. HAWKINS, section 6, post office Plattsburg, a prominent farmer and stock raiser of this district, is a native of Clark County, Kentucky, and was born January II, 1832. He moved from there at an early age to Buchanan County, Missouri, but remained onl)- a few years, when he came to this county and settled where he now resides. W. R., the father of the subject of this sketch, was a pioneer of Virginia, and closely identified with the agricultural interests of that state. He was born April i, 1791, and died in 1879, at the advanced age of eighty-eight years. VV. M. has over seventy-two acres of good land, all of which is in a high state of culti- vation. He was married in 1S52 to Rosana Cassity, a very estimable lad)-. The result of their union is three children : Martin J., Arena S. and Gessella N. They are both members of the Christian Church. G. ^r. IIIETT. farmer and stock raiser, section :;, post office Plattsburg, is a native of Missouri, and was born March :;, 1837. He was raised and educated in this county, and moved to his present location in 1861. William, the father of the subject of this sketch, was an old pioneer of this county, and a man who was closely identified with its earlier development ; his death occurred in 1840. G. M. Hiett has 163 acres of good land, all of which he cultivates, and upon which is an excellent residence, and his improvements generally, denote the progressive and successful farmer. Mr. H. was married May 17, 1S66, to Miss Caroline Shaver, a lady of refined taste and genial habits, and a daughter of an old pioneer of this district. They have, from this happy union, four children : William B., Isaac N., Susan J., and Charlie S. They are members of the Christian Church. P. HANKS, (deceased) was among the oldest settlers of this district. He was a native of Virginia and was born in 1781. He was there raised to man- hood, and at an early day emigrated to Kentucky, where he remained following the occupation of farming for about twenty years. In 1830, he emigrated to this state and settled in Clay County, where he resided about six years, after which time he removed to this county and located on section 2, where his son now resides. He was married January, 1823, to Miss Emma Nash, a lady who is still living at the advanced age of eighty-eight. They had six children — Sallie, George M., Galatin S., John P.. Willian H. and Winston T. Mr. H.'s death occured April 8, 1861. WINSTON T. HANKS. is a native of Missouri, and was born November 16, 1840. He was raised in the occupation he now follows, and is a successful and enterprising young farmer. He has 164 acres of good land, most of which he culti- vates. He was married January 1 1, 18S1, to Miss Gennetta A Broce. C. C. MILLER, farmer and stock raiser, section 6, post office Plattsburg, The subject of this sketch was born November 14, 1834, and at an early age emi- l66 BTOGRAPHICAL. grated with the family to Missouri. His father, Daniel, who was an old pioneer of this state, was a civil engineer, and one of the corps who sur- veyed the greater part of Missouri and Arkansas. They moved from this county to California in 1850, and he there died, June 9, 1853. In 1869, C. C. Miller again returned to his native state, where he has since resided. He owns 180 acres of good land, most of which is under culti- vation. Mr. Miller is a practical farmer and stock raiser, and a man of honest worth in the community in which he resides. He was married April 28, 1872, to Miss Moonej-, a lady worthy in every particular of him. Thej^ have four children : Flo)-d E., Lena B., Nellie F. and C. C. They are members of the Christian Church and contribute liberally to its support. JUDGE B. SHAVER, section 26, post office Plattsburg, an old settler, a large and success- ful farmer and stock raiser of this district, and one who has been closely identified with the interests of the county almost from its organization, is a native of Virginia, and was born December 30, 1822. He was raised and educated in his native state, and in 1847, emigrated to Missouri set- tling in Cla\- Count)', where he remained for one j'ear. After this, he moved to Clinton Count}", and located where he now resides. He has 1,320 acres of good land, most of which is under cultivation. Judge S. was married in 184S, to Miss Susan Trout. They have, from this union, six children : Carrie, Jacob H., George W., Julia A., John \V. and Charles P. Mr. S. was the people's choice for county judge, in 1878, and was elected to that position, the duties of which he continued to faith- fully discharge until the expiration of his term. He is at present (1S81) school director of his district. Both Judge and Mrs. S. are members of the Christian Church. G. W. SHAVER, Jk., farmer and stock raiser, section 11, post office Plattsburg, although among the younger class of farmers, is, nevertheless, one of the most successful men in the county. He is a native of Missouri, and was born October II, 1854. He was raised in the occupation he now follows and received the advantages of a good education. He was married March 4, 1880, to Miss Mollie Boydston, an estimable lady of refined taste, and one who makes home happy. He has 120 acres of good land, nearly all of which is under a good state of cultivation. He has, where he lives, a good residence, well located. Mr. S. is a member of the Protective Associa- tion, and, also, belongs to the Christian Church, and contributes liberally towards its support. CI.INTOX TOWXSHII'. 167 U. T. SHUT, farmer and stock raiser, sections 17 and 20, post office Plattsburg, is a native of Woodford County, Kentucky. He was born June 25, 18 16. He received a limited education in the common schools of that day and learned the trade of bridge building, which he followed for a number of 3-ears. In 1836 he emigrated to Jackson County, Missouri, and while there he worked as foreman, and afterward as assistant superintendent, of the Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad bridge at Kansas City. He was a pioneer of that city, and was prominently identified with the mechan- ical interests in that place. He was at different times in the employ of the Carter Bridge Company, of St. Louis, and worked upon the Fishing River bridge, Dixie Creek bridge, and many others. In the winter of 1 87 1 he removed to this county, where he has since resided, and has been activelj- engaged in agricultural pursuits, in which he has been very successful. He was married September 9, 1845, to Miss Rebecca Forbes. The result of this union was: Lycurgus, Henry, Joseph and Richard. Mr. and Mrs. S. are both members of the Christian Church. Mr. S.'s estate consists of eighty acres of good land, all of which he cultivates. JOSIAH STOUTIMORE, farmer and stock raiser, sections 14 and 15, post office Plattsburg, is a native of the state of Virginia, having been born in Roanoke County, on the 22d of April, 1818. He was raised there and received his educa- tion and made it his home until 1841, when he removed to Clay County, Missouri. In 1844, he took up his residence in Buchanan County, and in March of the year following (1845) came to Clinton County. Mr. S. is the owner of 450 acres of fine land, most of which is under cultivation. He was a member of Colonel Hughes' regiment of the Confederate army during the late war, in which he did efficient service for about eight months. Mr. Stoutimore has been twice mar- ried. First, in 1843, to Miss Amanda Lincoln. The result of this union ^vas' five children: Fanny (wife of Captain Baker) David L., Isaac Xewton, William H., and John D. His second marriage was in 1866, to Ellen J. Clark. They have had one child : Maggie L. The subject of this sketch ser\ed as justice of the peace from about 1S50 to 1861. He has been one of the foremost in promoting the interests, educational, financial and otherwise, of this township, and is one who occupies a prominent position in the estimation of all who enjoy his acquaintance. HARDIN TOWNSHIR JOHN M. BABER, farmer and stock raiser, section i8, post office Bainbridge, is among the old and favorably known farmers of this county. He is a native of Ken- tuck)-, born in Boonesboro April i6, iSi6. There he received only a limited education, and was reared in the occupation which he now fol- lows. In 1836 he emigrated to this state and settled in Clay County,, where he remained two years, then moving to Platte County, where he lived for six years. He removed from there to Holt County, and after a residence of two years in 1850 he came to this county, where he has since continued to dwell. Mr. B. moved to his present farm in i860,. He has 120 acres of fine land, most of which is in cultivation. Upon his place is one of the finest mineral springs in this district, and with proper improvements will be one of the most popular summer resorts. It is located on an elevated plain, and the place as a sight for a town is unsurpassed. He is a breeder of light and heavy draught horses, and as such has attained no slight reputation. Mr. Baber was married Feb- ruary 15, 1839, to Miss Julia A. Aker, also a native o-f Kentucky. They have from this marriage ten children : Mary E,, Isham M., John A., Eliza A., Willis, Susan A., Jacob, Randall A., James P. and Emma F^ They are members of the Christian Church, and he has been at different times school director, constable and collector of his district. H. B. BAKER, farmer and stock raiser, section 36, post office Grayson, is a native of Bracken County, Kentucky, and was born July 28, 1830. He is the son of Mr. Isaac Baker, one of Hardin Township's oldest and most respected citizens. The subject of this sketch came to Missouri in 1847, and engaged in merchandising at Union Mills, where he continued one year, when he went to St. Joseph, and embarked in the pork packing business with his uncle. They were among the foremost in this branch in Northwest Missouri, and operated the first set of tanks. After a few years residence in St. Joseph, Mr. B. came to his present location, where he has since continued to be a resident with the exception of a few years spent in Nebraska. His estate consists of 240 acres of choice land,, in a high state of cultivation. During his sojourn in Clinton County he has been recognized as a leader in all enterprises for the county's advancement. IIAKDIN ruWNSIlIl'. l6c/ To him much credit is tine for the li\e interest he has taken in securing the right of \va\- for the Rock Island Road and the establishing of Gray- son Station, in Hardin Township. He is a gentleman, thoroughly famil- iarized with the current events of the day, and a brilliant conversation- alist. Mr. Baker was married, in 1855, to Miss Nancy Grayson, a daughter of George W. Grayson, one of the early settlers of Platte County. By this union they have had ten children : William H., George W.. Melvina, Lizzie, John S., Ernst I. and Henry; lost three: Jessie, Clara and Joseph. Grayson Station, which was located on a portion of Mr. Baker's land, was named in honor of his wife. Mr. B. is a Master Mason, and a ruling elder in the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. A. BRECKENRIDGE, farmer and raiser of blooded stock, section 10, post office Edgerton. The subject of this sketch, is a native of Bourbon County Kentucky, and was- born December 35, 1S29. He was there raised and educated, and followed, the occupation of cattle dealing, being one of the few men who drove- herds of cattle through to New York and the east at an early day. He emigrated to this state and settled near the edge of this county, in Clay, in 1852, and after a long residence in that county he moved across the line into Clinton County, locating on his present place, where he has- since resided. He has been closely identified with the farming and blooded stock raising interests of Northwestern Missouri, and has done much toward the advancement of the same. He has at present fifty head of short horns upon his place, which will compare favorably with any in the county. Mr. B. has 321 acres of excellent land, all of which is either in pasture or under cultivation. He has a good residence and barn, which are in fine locations. He has served as justice of the peace for a term of four years, and while in that capacity never had a case appealed. He has been also closely connected with the interests of the Female Orphan School of the Christian Church of Missouri since its incorporation, and has been local direector of that institution for a num- ber of years. He is president of the Protective Association of his dis- trict, also treasurer of the Masonic Lodge of Edgerton and clerk of this school district. Mr. Breckenridge has been twice married — first to Miss Nancy M. Winn, February i, 1853. F"rom this union there were two- boys, both of whom died while young. Mrs. B.'s death occurred in 1856. His second marriage was to Miss Mary Scott, also a native of Ken- tuck)*. They are members of the Christian Church, and contribute lib- erally toward its support. • GEORGE BUCHANAN. farmer, section 35, postofifice Grayson, is one of the typical gentlemen of this township, and one who is well known in Clinton County. He is a I70 BIOGRAPHICAL. native of Bourbon Count)-, Kentuck)-, and was born November 29, 1816. His father, William, was a native of Virginia, and came to Kentucky when a young man. George was raised to manhood in his native state, receiving an education in the subscription schools. In 1836, he came to Platte County, Missouri, and made this and Clay County his home for three years, after which he returned to Kentuck)-. In 1858, he again took up his abode for a time in Platte County. He was a resident of Texas for several years, and eventually, in 1870, located in Clinton County, where he now resides. His estate consists of 74 acres, all under cultivation. Mr. B. traces his lineage to English ancestors. His mother was Sally Reed, of Virginia. He was married in 186S, to Miss Minerva Kelly, of Clinton County, Missouri. W. T. CLAY, farmer and raiser of blooded stock, section 31, post office Bainbridge. Although a )-oung man, he is, nevertheless, one of our largest and rep- resentative farmers and stock raisers. He is a native of Missouri, and was born in this county October 13, 1854. He was raised upon the place he now occupies, and has 280 acres of land that will compare favorably with any in the county. He and his father, who is his partner in the blooded stock business, have 680 acres of land, making one of the finest stock farms in the state. They have a large herd of short horns on their place. Mr. C. was married December 23, 1875, to Miss Dora Hockaday. They are members of the Christian Church. J. C. ELLIOTT, farmer and stock raiser, section i, post office Bainbridge, is a son of James Elliott, who was a native of Kentuck)-, and was born July 3, 1798. There he was raised, in the occupation of farming. He emigrated to this state in 1832, and settled on the place which his son now occupies. He had, at that time, 120 acres of land, all of which he put under cultivation. Such men cannot be spoken of too highly. He was closel)' identified with the growth and prosperit)- of this count)-, and was married January 14, 1833, to Miss Elizabeth Carpenter. They had, from this union, four children : Robert D., J. Carpenter, Lucrecia and Mary E. Mr. E. was one of the original members of the Baptist Church of Hardin Township. His death occurred September 14, 1878. J. C. Elliott, the subject of this sketch, is a native of Clinton County, Missouri, and, with the exception of a few years' sojourn in the west, has always lived on the place on which his father settled. He was born December 13, 1835. He suc- ceeded his father in carrying on the old homestead, and his success may be inferred from the fact that he has Increased the original purchase, IIARUIX TOUN.simv 171 since that time, to 173 acres. It is excellent land and all under cultiva- tion. J. C. was married January 24, 1865, to Miss Semantha Knight, an estimable ladj- and loving wife. They have, from this happy marriage, a family of three children : Jimmie Knight, Clifton C. and Slielb)' B. The\- are members of the Baptist Church, and contribute liberally towards its support. Mr. E. is clerk of the Pleasant HillBai)tist Church. J. X. FORSKK, druggist and merchant, Grax-son. The subject of this sketch is a native of Kentucky, and was born October 28, 1S31. He was there raised to manhood, and educated. At the age of twenty-five years he emigrated to this state, and settled in Plattsburg. He has followed his present occupation for the past twenty-four years, and is the successor of what was known as Clark & Co.'s store, in Grayson. He is well and favora- bl\- known in mercantile circles, and a popular man with the public. Mr. F. has been twice married ; first, to Miss Orphia Tucker, whose death occurred in 1862. He subsequently married Miss Susan Poteet, September 10, 1865. They have, as a result of this union, four children : Charlie E., Addie E., Romie N. and Juliet D. Mr. Forsee is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and an Odd Fellow. He is at present secre- tary of Plattsburg Masonic Lodge No. 113, A. F. & A. M., and has held that office for the last four years. He has also held all the offices within the gift of the Odd Fellows Lodge. E. S. FRY, a successful farmer and stock raiser on section 15, stands among the foremost of the leading men of Hardin Township. He was born in Clinton County, Missouri, on the first day of May, 1845, and is conse- quently one of the county's earliest settlers. He is a son of Solomon Fry, who has been an illustrious citizen here for many years. Mr. Fry received his education here, and is a man well informed, and a brilliant conversationalist. He was married on the si.xth of February, 186S, to Ann Eliza Deyerle, in Roanoke County, Virginia. The result of this union was three children, one son and two daughters: Julia V., Galen B. and Bessie M. Solomon Fry, the father of the above, was born November 24. 1797, in Frederick County, Virginia. He made that his home until three years of age, and thence removed to Kentuck)-, where he remained for twenty years, and then going to Clay County, Missouri. About the year 1840, Mr. Fry came to Clinton County, where he there- after continued to reside. His marriage occurred April 6, 1826, to Susan Snap, of Vincennes, Indiana. They had a familj- of eight children : Helen B., born February 26, 1827 ; A. S., born January 29, 1829 ; Harriet, 172 BIOGRAPHICAL. (wife of George Hockaday, of Lathrop), born May 4, 1831 ; Louis S., born July 24, 1833 ; Amanda, born December 21, 1835 ; Anna, (married Theo- dore Todd), born June 24, 1838 ; Juda, born June 24, 1841 ; Emanuel S., born May i, 1845. Mr. Fry's brother, Thomas, lives in Hardin Town- ship, south of the farm of George Hall. P. GENTRY, section 28, post office Bainbridge. Among the well known and successful farmers of this county, the subject of this sketch deserves special men- tion. He' is a native of Kentucky, and was born December 15, 1820. In 1S32, he with his father's family, removed to this state, and settled in Clay County, where he followed the occupation of farming. In 1847, he emigrated to Oregon and California, where he remained three years, after which time he returned to Missouri, and settled in this county, where he has since resided. In 1866, he settled on his present place, which con- tains 260 acres of land, all of which is under cultivation. Mr. G. was mar- ried, March 20, 1850, to Miss Martha West. Their family consists of George W., Virginia L., Ida P., Albert S. J., James M. and Nancy E. Mr. G. is a member of the Protective Association. JOHN M. GRAYSON, farmer and stock raiser, section i, post office Grayson, although not an old settler of this county, is, nevertheless, one who has been closely identified with the agricultural interests thereof He is a native of Mis- souri, and was born in Platte County, [December 28, 1845. He was there raised in the occupation which he now follows. His father, George W., was an old settler and a highly respected citizen of Platte County, and a man to whom the county owes much for the interest manifested by him in its prosperity and growth. He now resides in Jefferson County, Kansas. The town of Grayson was named in honor of his family. John Grayson has 180 acres of good, average land, most of which is under cultivation. He has been twice married. First, to Miss Anna Belle Conway. They had, from this marriage, two children, one of whom is living, Conway. Mrs. G.'s death occured May 4, 1876. He was again married, May i, 1879, to Miss Maggie Williams. They are members of the Christian Church, and contribute liberally towards its support. J. C. HALL, farmer and stock raiser, section 19, post office Bainbridge, is an old pioneer of this county, and is a man who has been long associated with its farming interests. He was born in Tennessee, and at the age of HARDIN TOWNSIIII'. 173 seven years, with his father's family, he removed to Missouri, and settled in Hoone County. J. S. Hall, his father, was among the first settlers of that county. His death occurred in iS6o, at the age of TJ years. The mother of J. C. died in 1867, at the advanced age of 83. The hardships which the subject of this sketch underwent during his boyhood days in Boone, did much toward preparing him for a successful farmer of this district. He has 212 acres of land, the larger portion of which he culti- vates.- He has been twice married; first, in 1836, to Miss J. Calla- way. After living together happily for seventeen years, she passed away in 1853, leaving eight children: Sarah K., Jane C, William J., America A., Elizabeth A., Martha J., Thomas J. and Mary A, E. In 1855, Mr. H. was married to Miss Mary MacColloch. They have from this marriage one child, George. The}- are members of the Baptist Church, Mr. H. being one of the original members of the church in his township. There is at present but one original member living besides himself BIRD HIXSON, proprietor of saw mill, section 17, post office Bainbridge. The subject of this sketch is a native of ^Missouri, and was born September 18, 1842. When a small boy, his father moved to this count)% where Bird was raised and educated. He is proprietor of Hixson's Saw and Corn Mill, a splendid structure, having a capacity of 5,000 feet of lumber and 100 bushels of corn, per day. Mr. H. supplies nearly this entire district with hard wood* lumber, besides supplying large firms in Kansas City with walnut. He has forty-three acres of land, fifteen acres of which is under good cultivation. He was married September i, 1867, to Miss Sarah Helms, a native of Indiana. They have, from this union, si.v children : Albert W., William T., Joseph P., Annie M., Oliver V. and John F. During the late civil war, Mr. Hixson was a volunteer in the Federal army, in Company F, Sixth Missouri State Militia Cavalry. With that and other companies, he remained till the close of the war, receiving his discharge April 8, 1866. E. H. HORD, farmer and stock raiser, section 31, post office Plattsburg, is one among the old settlers and prominent farmers of this district. He is a native of Mason Count)-, Kentucky, and was born June 7, 1834. lie was there raised to manhood, and it was there he learned the occupation he now follows. He has 170 acres of good land, all of which he cultivates. He was married February 28, 1855, to Miss Amelia Allen. The)- have, from this union, eleven children: Charles A., Marj- S., Adalaide, Flor- ence, Dora M., Annie, Abner, Elias, Sabina, William, and HL-rndon. Mr. and Mrs. H. are members of the Christian Church. 174 IJIOGKAPHICAL. JUDGE W. H. LOTT, section 22, post office Edgerton. The subject of this brief narrative is an old pioneer of this county, and a man who has been closely identified with its interests from an early day. He is a native of Kentucky, hav- ing been born August i, 1816, and was raised and educated in Clark County. He has, from his boyhood, principally followed the occupation of farming. Emigrating to Missouri, in 1839, he settled in Caldwell County, where he remained eighteen months, after which time he removed to Clay County. There he resided four years, and, in 1847, .set- tled where he now resides, owning 500 acres of land. He is one of our most successful farmers ; has been school director for his district since 1859, with the exception of three years. He was justice of the peace in his district for a term of three years. Judge Lott has been three times married ; first, August 22, 1839, to Miss Sarah Duncan. They had from this union one child, James, now deceased. Mrs. L.'s death occurred in 1842. In 1S44, Miss Letitia Duncan became his wife. She died in 1845. Eighteen months afterward, or January 26, 1847, Mr. L. was married to Miss Louisa J. Wilkinson. The result of this marriage was eleven children : Benjamin F., Mary E., Matilda A., Loumira A., Luella (now deceased), John R., Clara K., William, Thomas K., James E. and Nannie D. Mr. Lott is now holding the office of Presiding Judge of Clinton County, having been elected to that responsible position in 1878, the duties of which he has continued to discharge faithfully and to the credit of all concerned. WILLL-\M R. NEWMAN, section 27, post office Edgerton, is a native of Kentucky, and was born April II, 1826. At the age of eleven years, with his father's family, he removed to this state and settled in Platte County, where he followed the occupation of farming. In 1849, he came to this county, and settled where he now resides, in 1869. He has 363 acres of land, the principal part of which he has under cultivation. William, the father of the sub- ject of this sketch, was an old resident of this county and a man of sterling worth in the community in which he resided. He raised a large and interesting family, six of whom are now living ; his death occurred in 1865. Mr. William R. Newman is a successful and progressive farmer and stock raiser, and has done much toward raising the grade of stock in this county. He was married January 10, 185 i, to Miss Martha A. Woodard. They have, from this union, nine children : Celia A., Pleasant C, Alary E., Theodore L., Sterling P., M. L., William J., Henry, and Alexander R. They are members of the Baptist Church. IIAKDIN rOWNSIlII'. 175 A. W. PALMER, farmer and stock raiser, section 28, post office Hainbridge, is a native of Ohio, and was born August 19, 1827. In 1836, he, with the family, emi- grated to Missouri, settling in this county. Thomas, his father, was an old pioneer of this county, and a man who was identified with the early settlement of this district. His death occcurred in 1856, at the age of 72 years. A. W. Palmer moved on his present place in 1864. He has ICX) acres of good land, most of which he has cultivated. At the breaking out of the war, he enlisted in the Confederate cause, in Company D, First Regiment North Missouri, and participated in the engagements of Camp Holloway, Carthage, Wilson Creek, Dry Wood and Lexington, where he was taken prisoner and paroled December 10, by General Lane, of a Kansas regiment. Mr. P. has been twice inarried ; first, March 22, 1852, to Miss Martha James ; her death occurred in 1859. January i, i860, he married his present wife. Miss Maria T. Mayo. They have from this marriage ten children : William H., Louisa L, Martha A., Cora L., James T., Susan J., Fannie M., Mollie B.. Anthony W. and Katie T. Mr. P. is an Odd Fellow of some prominence, having held all the offices within the gift of his lodge. danip:l reed, section ;;, post office Edgerton, was born May 18, 1849. and is a native of this county, where he has been raised. John, the father of the sub- ject of this sketch, was an old pioneer of this district, and a man closely connected with its interests from an early day. He was shot and killed b\- Federals in 1862. Daniel Reed is a successful young farmer, and at present is conducting the home farm, of S40 acres. This is good average land, and the larger share of it is under cultivation. Mr. R. was mar- ried September 30, 1876, to Miss Laura Cook, a daughter of an old set- tler, and a lady in every respect worthy of him. WATSON REED, farmer and stock raiser, section 14, post office Edgerton, although a young man, is one of our representative farmers. He is a native of Missouri, and was born in this county June 16, 1855. He was here raised in the occupation he now follows, and in 1875 he settled- on the place where he now resides. He has 296 acres of land that will average with any in the state, most of which is under cultivation. Mr. R. was married September 6, 1874, to Miss Anna Worth. They have two chil- dren ; Albert and PLlmer. iy6 BIOGKAI'HICAL. WILLIAM H. H. SLAVTON (deceased), the subject of this sketch, was a nati\e of Kentucky, and was born August 7, 1831. He emigrated to this state and settled in Clay Count)', in 1844, where he resided till 1866, when he removed to Clinton County and settled where his sons now reside, on section 8. He was a man of sterling worth in the communit}-, and at his death the county lost a representative farmer. His death occurred February 4, 1872. J. W., and G. \V., sons of the above, have, since their father's demise, successively managed the home place, and are young men of good habits and character. They will, without doubt, one day make their mark in life, no matter in what position they are called to fill. Their father, at his death, left a widow and seven children. J..W. SPANN, farmer and stock raiser, section 24, is a native of South Carolina, and was born July 7, 1829, There he was raised to manhood and educated, and in 1852 emigrated to Florida, where he remained one year. After this he re- moved from there to North Carolina, where he made his home for about twelve months, and then emigrated to Kansas, in which state he remained three years. During his residence there he participated in what was known as the Kansas war. He afterward came to this state and settled in Platte Count)-. At the breaking out of the war he enlisted in the Confederate service, in which he remained six months. At the close of the war he moved to Illinois, where he remained one )-ear, when he returned to Missouri and settled in Buchanan Count)-. After a short time he came to this count)-, and, after leasing his present farm for some time, he purchased the place on which he now resides. He has eighty acres of land, most of which is under cultivation. Mr. S. was married Januar)- 14, i860, to Miss Hannah Woodard, and they have from their union a famil)- of Emma A., Mar)- E., Henry L., Alice. Vidan. James R., Lance, Langdon, Laurel and William. They are member of the Pres- b)-terian Church, and are liberal contributors thereto. B. STOUTIMORE, farmer and stock raiser, section 4. post office Plattsburg. Among the old settlers of this district, and those who ha\-e been closely identified with the interests of this county from an early da)-, may be mentioned the subject of this sketch. He is a native of Virginia, and was born March 4, 1822. There he was raised, and received a common school education. He emigrated to this state in 1852, and located where he now resides, owning 500 acres of land, which will average with any in the count\-. Most of it is under culti\-ation. Mr. S. has been twice IIAKDIX rOWNSIIII'. 177 married; first, in 1S47, to Miss Elizabeth Pittit. By this marriage they liad two children, James W. and Mary V. Mrs. S.'s death occurred in 1858. Two years after, or in i860, he married Miss Eliza Martin, an •estimable lady. They have four children : Edward, Lucy A., Jacob B. and Floyd D. JACOB WALKER, farmer and stock raiser, section 34, post office Plattsburg. This popular gentleman is one of Clinton Countj-'s most respected citizens, and has contributed an ample share towards its development. He was born in Fayette County, Kentucky, July 31, 1809. His father, Henry, was a native of Maryland, and migrated to Kentuck}- at an early day. The subject of this sketch spent his early days on the farm, and resided in his native state until 1S31, when he came to Missouri, locating in Clay County. There he resided until the spring of 1834, when he came to Clinton County, locating on the tract of land which he now occupies. The county, at that time, was sparsely settled, there being but few resi- dents in his neighborhood. Mr. Walker opened a farm, and has since been a prominent person among the agriculturists of the county. He first entered 120 acres of land, and has been adding, at times, until his estate consists of 250 acres of choice land, convenienth- located to Plattsburg. A neat and attractive residence adorns his farm. At an early day he discovered upon his land some springs, which possessed great medicinal properties, and for years was known as Walker's Chaly- beate Springs. However, they were never brought prominently before the public until the spring of 1881, when the water was analyzed, and the name changed to that of the Peerless Springs, a sketch of which is gi\-en in another part of this historj-. Mr. Walker has been twice mar- ried ; first to Miss C)-nthia Fisher. By this union they had five children, three of whom are living: Sarah A., Nancy C. and John L. ; two died in infancy. Mrs. W. died in 1837. The maiden name of his present wife A\as Charlotta Jones. By the latter union there were eleven children, ten now living : James H., Susan A., H. C, Permelia J., Brazelton A., Theo. F. (deceased), Alice G., Rebecca L, Thomas W., Edward J. and F'annie. The latter is married, and resides in Kentuck}-. JAMES A. WTNN, farmer and stock raiser, section 1 1, post office Grayson, stands prominent among the representative agriculturists of this district. He is a native ■of Kentucky, and was born November 7, 1832. He was there raised and educated, and, in 1S50, emigrated to California, settling in Placerville. There he embarked in mining, which he followed two years, and after- ward removed to this state, and settled on the place where he now 1 78 BIOGRAPHICAL. resides. He has 395 acres of land, most of which is under cultivation, and upon which is a nice residence. His improvements generally, are of the first order. He has been twice married. First, to Miss Virginia A. Dunlap, a native of Virginia. They had, by this union, three children : Emmet G., Charles D., and John. Mrs. Winn's death occurred May 13, 1873. He was again married December 15, 1874, to Miss Carrie C. Tremble. They have, from this marriage, two children: William B., and Annie M. Mr. W. is a member of the Protective Association. He and his wife belong to the Presbyterian Church, and are liberal support- ers of the same. -^^ ATCHISON TOWNSHIP. R. G. ANDERSON, farmer and stock raiser, section 30, post office Plattsburg, is a native of Kentucky, having been born in Monroe County, August 31, 1821. When quite young, his parents removed to Tennessee, where he was raised to manhood and educated, his early life being spent in tilling the soil. In i85i,or 1852, he came to Clinton County, Missouri, locating in Platte Township, where he was identified with its progressive farmers until 1877, when he removed to his present location. His estate con- sists of eighty acres of land, well cultivated. Mr. A. possesses those traits peculiar to a Kentucky gentleman, and is popular with all who may form his acquaintance. He has been three times married. First, to Miss Angelina McCrowder, who died, leaving three children, two of whom are living, Sallie and Jane ; John, deceased. His second wife was Miss Julia Boyd (now deceased). By this union there were five chil- dren, four of whom are living : Julia, Mary, William and James ; lost one, Susan D. His present wife was Miss Sarah Randolph. They have had five children, four of whom survive : Maggie, Franklin, Robert and George ; lost one, Maggie. Himself and family are closely connected with the Christian Church. Hon. David R.Atchison, ATCHISON TOWNSHIP. IJp GENERAL DAVID R. ATCHISON. Ex-Senator David R. Atchi.soii, of Missouri, was born at Frogtown, in Fayette County, Kentucky, August ii, 1807. Being the son of a wealthy farmer of that county, he received all the advantages of a liberal education, which developed those powerful intellectual faculties that ren- dered his name, in after life, conspicuous in the history of the country. His father was William Atchison, the son of a farmer of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, and who moved, with his parents, when six years old, to that garden spot of the west, which now constitutes the rich and magnificently improved County of Fayette, in the State of Kentucky. His mother's maiden name was Catherine Allen. She was a native of the State of Georgia, and a lady of rare natural and acquired endow- • ments. General Atchison was the eldest of six children, four sons and two daughters. His brothers were, B. A. Atchison, generally known as Allen Atchison, who died in 1857, leaving one child, John C, who, with Mary, a daughter of William Atchison, resides with the General ; Alex- ander Atchison, who died insane, since the war ; and William Atchison, the father of Dr. J. B. Atchison, at one time a well known physician of St. Joseph. One sister, Mary, was married to Madison Allen, a farmer of Buchanan County. Miss Rebecca Atchison, another sister of the General, died at her residence in Clinton County, in August, 1874. The brothers were all large farmers, and recognized as men of more than ordinary natural and accjuired endowments of mind. Largely blessed with the gifts of fortune, intellectual worth seems to have been no less the heritage of this distinguished family. Blessed with ample means and a proper appreciation of the advantages of mental culture, the parents of the subject of this sketch spared no efforts in developing those dawning powers of mind which were, in after life, to render his name prominent in the history of the government. In 1825, he was graduated, with high honor, in Transylvania University, then the leading institution of learning in the state, and since incorporated in the new Uni- versity of Kentucky. Upon receiving his degree in the arts, Mr. Atchi- son, with characteristic energy immediately applied himself to the study of law. Am'ong his preceptors in this faculty were the eminent Judge Bledsoe, Charles Humphrey and William T. Barry, afterward Postmaster General of the United States, during the administration of VanBuren. In 1829 Mr. Atchison was admitted to the practice of law in his native state. Notwithstanding the mo.st flattering encouragement and persuasion to remain from those who knew and appreciated his talents, he determined to try his fortune in the West, and a few months after, in 1830, removed to the comparatively wild district of Clay County, Missouri. In April of that year he received, in St. Louis, his license to practice in the Supreme Court of the state, and immediately settled in the village of Liberty, l8o BIOCKAPHICAL. now the important seat of Clay Count)-. The onl\- lawyer settled in that place at the time of his arrival was Judge William T. \\'ood, now a resident of Lexington, and a man highly respected for his personal and professional worth. About this period ]\Ir. Atchison was appointed Major General of the Northern Division of Missouri State Militia. Gen- eral Atchison soon commanded a lucrative practice in his new home, where he continued to reside, in the discharge of the duties of his pro- fession, until February, 1841, when his superior legal attainments, which were known and recognized throughout the state, won for him the appointment by Governor Thomas Reynolds of Judge of the Circuit Court of Platte County on its organization in February of that year, when he moved his residence to Platte City. It appears that in that day judges were appointed to this position by 'the Governor, with the advice and consent of the senate. The office was not made ' elective till several years after. General Atchison, though endowed with an inflexible will and unyielding firmness of character, was ever a man of unassuming bearing, large benevolence and convivial and social habits. These, together with his recognized professional ability, ren- dered him highly popular with all classes among the early set- tlers of that region, and in August, 1834, as again in 1838, he was elected to the state legislature from Clay County. Upon the death of Dr. Linn, United States Senator, in the autumn of that year. Judge Atchison was appointed by Governor Reynolds to the vacanc}- thus occasioned in the Senate. It was bj' many considered that this appointment was merited, and had been recommended by Colonel Benton, and other authorities of the Democratic part}- ; by others, it was said, that the Governor, hinTself. was ambitious of the senatorship. and had selected Judge Atchison as a person who could be easilj' beaten at the next election. The death of Governor Reynolds, however, occurred before the meeting of the next Legislature, and Judge Atchison was elected with but slight opposition. He was re-elected for two full terms, in succession, the last of which expired March 4, 1855, during the admin- istration of Franklin Pierce. Two years after this he moved his residence from Platte to his present home in Clinton County. He was elected President of the Senate, to succeed Judge Mangum, a Whig Senator from North Carolina, who is mentioned by Judge Atchison as a man of considerable ability and uncompromising integrity. Two or three years after. Judge Atchison was again elected to that distinguished position, which he continued to hold for some time, till he v.'as relieved, during a temporary absence on private business, by Jesse D. Bright, w-hose elec- tion to fill the vacancy was the result of a suggestion to that effect from his distinguished predecessor. The fourth of March, 1849, occurring on Sunday, General Z. Taylor was not inaugurated till the following Mon- day. Judge Atchison thus, as presiding officer of the Senate, became AIXIIISON TOWNSllIl'. iSl \irtiially President of tlic United States during the term o{ twenty-four liours. In referrinij; to this accidental dignitj-, on being interrogated as to how he enjoyed his exalted position, the venerable senator good-humorcdly replied that he coild tell but little about it, as overcome with fatigue, consequent on several consecutive days and nights of official labor, he slept through nearlj- hib whole term of service. To go back, howe\-er, in our histor}-: When David R. Atchison entered the senate, he acted cordially with Colonel Benton, and, as late as 1848, claimed that he was the first to frame an act organizing the Territory of Oregon, with a clause prohibiting slavery. The next year he attached himself to the party of Mr. Calhoun, and, elected president />ro tciii of the senate, was received into favor and roused into prortiinence by his new party, and became the antagonist of Colonel Benton in his own state. The union of a few Democrats, under the lead of Mr. Atchison, with the Whigs, defeated Colonel Benton, in 1850. The former became especially prominent in the legislation for the organization of the territories of Kansas and Nebraska. The first bill, which was introduced into congress, to this end, was in the winter of 1 85 1-2, and had no reference to the subject of slavery. This bill Mr. Atchison advocated by a speech in the senate, but, subsequently, on his return to Missouri, he became an opponent of the bill, and declared, in a public speech, that he would never vote for the measure unless the Mis- souri Compromise was repealed. The public sentiment at that time was such that his declaration was denounced by the papers of his own party ; but, within a month from the opening of the next congress, Mr. Douglas, from the Committee on Territories, reported a bill to organize these territories, containing a clause which, by strong implication, repealed the Missouri Compromise, although the report accompanying the bill expressly deprecated any such intent. This clause was assailed b\- Messrs. Chase and Sumner, and by others, in a printed circular, which led to vehement and personal debate. There was finally substituted another clause, drawn up by Archibald Dixon, senator from Kentuck)-, which repealed the ?tIissouri Compromise, outright, and, in this shape, the bill passed. Gen. Atchison subsequently affirmed, in a speech made in the Territory of Kansas, that the clause repealing the Missouri Compromise originated with him, and that he had; proposed it to Mr. Douglas, who, at first, declined to insert it in his bill, but, after a period of hesitation, consented to do so. This account tallies with public facts, and though it was published in the newspapers, was not denied by Mr. Douglas. On his retirement from the Senate, of which he was an honored mem- ber for the space of over twelve years, during the greater portion of which time he was its presiding officer, he continued to take a lively interest in the politics of the country, and was regarded as a leader and chief adviser of the pro-slavery party in Kansas, during the troubles 182 inOGRAI'HICAL. which preceded the admission of tliat state. In 1S56, we find him in command of 1,150 men, at a point called Santa F"e. On the 29th of August, of the same year, a detachment from General Atchison's army attacked Osawatomie, which was defended by about 50 men, who made a vigorous resistance, but were defeated with the loss of five wounded and seven prisoners. Five of the assailants were killed, and thirty buildings were burned. The next day, a body of Free State men marched from Lawrence to attack Atchison's army. On their approach the latter retired, and withdrew his forces into Missouri. The admission of Kan- sas as a free state, soon after, put an end to this much vexed question, and restored tranquility to the country. General Atchison then lived in retirement, on his magnificent estate, in Clinton County, till the break- ing out of the civil war, when he left for the South, and was present at the battle of Lexington. Governor Jackson sent him a commission as brigadier general at the commencement of the war. This General Atchison declined accepting, as his residence was in Clinton County, outside of the limits of the division. He, however, remained with the army, and assisted at its organization. He joined temporarily, for the pur- pose of making up the company, Eph. Kelley's artillery command, from St. Joseph, and remained with the army till after the battle of Elkhorn. At the close of the war General Atchison returned to his home in Clin- ton County, where he has since continued to reside in almost unbroken retirement. He was never married. His residence, a lofty and spacious brick mansion in the midst of a magnificent farm of 1,000 acres, about seven miles west of Plattsburg and about a mile and a half from Gower, was accidentally destroyed by fire on the 2d of February, 1870. The only persons in the house at the time were the general, a sister-in- law, and a little girl, a niece, who were resident with him, and a negro servant. The farm hands were all at work at some distance from the house. The neighbors attracted by the flames soon assembled in con- siderable number, but without the means of reaching the lofty roof, and too late to render any effective assistance. The entire building was con- sumed,* with most of the contents. The general, in speaking of the loss, seemed less to regret the destruction of the spacious and elegant mansion than the burning of his extensive library and valuable records of his opinions and observations during the long period of his service in the Senate of the United States, in which he predicted the civil war, etc. The interest which a work of that character emanating from the pen of such a man would have been read by people of all parties, can readily be imagined. General Atchison, since the fire in which his mansion was destroyed, erected on its site an elegant frame cottage, but of much smaller area than the old building, shattered columns and other stone debris of which still appear on the ground to speak of the lofty edifice of which they ATCHISON TOWNSHIl'. 183 once formed part. Since the close of the civil war General Athison has lived a life of secluson on his farm, from which he has never suffered himself to be drawn but once, and that on the memorable occasion of the Old Settlers' meeting at the St. Joseph Exposition in Sep- tember, 1874. Here at least one hundred of the old gray haired sires and mothers who were among the early settlers of the Platte Purchase and neighboring country were gathered in front of the grand stand. At half past twelve o'clock, the meeting was called to order by James N. Burnes, who spoke as follows: "Ladies and gentlemen : You will not expect of me an extended speech. I am too full to express what I feel. You will allow me to nominate for chairman of this meeting, Hon. David R. Atchison. His name is the balance of m\' speech." General Atchison then took the floor, and thanked the audience for the honor conferred upon him. He had once presided over the United States Senate, but this was a prouder position than he ever before occupied. He referred in feeling terms to the early settlers of the Platte Purchase, their trials and hardships, and their courage and endurance under difficulties. On this occasion. General A. W. Doniphan spoke. Senator Bogy, of St. Louis, Judge Vories, and Judge Birch, of Clinton County, made eloquent and comparatively long speeches, which were listened to with marked attention ; but none were more affecting than the brief and pointed remarks of the venerable ex-President of the United States Senate. As a private citizen, no man was ever more highly esteemed, by all who knew him, than David R. Atchison. The deserving in misfortune was never known to go unre- lieved by his generous hand, and the princely hospitality, with which he entertained those who were honored by his friendship, will long be remembered by his cotemporaries and associates of other days, by whom he was ever recognized as one who reflected credited on the exalted positions which he occupied in the service of his country, (posi- tions, it must be observed, which were unsolicited and unexpectedly thrust upon him), a true type of that nobility of nature, which no heraldic blazonry can enhance, and which no hereditarj- rank or posses- sions can purchase. DR. \V. \V. BLAND, state senator, is a native of Nelson Count)-, Kentucky, and was born August 10, 1 8 19. His father, James Bland, was an agriculturist. His mother's maden name was Mary Wyatt, of Crab Orchard, Kentucky. In 1825, the father of the subject of this narrative, with his family, removed to Missouri, locating in Warren County, on a farm. Here VV. W. spent his early daj-s, and received his education. After becoming of a suit- able age, he commenced the study of medicine, under the tutorship of l84 BIOGRAPHICAL. Dr. Elijah McClain, a prominent physician of Washington, Warren County, applying himself diligently to its consideration two years, after which he continued his studies at the Medical University (known as the McDowell College) in St. Louis. From this institution he was graduated. In later years, he attended medical lectures in St. Louis. After his graduation, he commenced to practice his profession in Warren County, Missouri, continuing one year, when in 1846, he moved to Maryville, Nodaway County, remaining three years. Physicians at that day were few in number in Northwestern Missouri, and Dr. Bland's practice was large, but his patients were scattered. His usual mode of traveling was on horse back, and his rides extended to the Iowa line, and an equal dis- tance either way from Alaryville. , In the spring of 1850, California attracted his attention, and, for three years, he was engaged in merchan- dising and mining in that country. After returning, he located tempo- rarily for a time in Clay County, and subsequently came to Clinton, pur- chasing the farm where he now resides, which is located on section 13. He was one of the first physicians in this part of the county, and his practice has been an extended and successful one. Although continuously prosecuting his profession, while at home, he has found ample time to devote a great amount of exertion to the cultivation of his farm, which embraces 600 acres. In stock raising, which he makes a specialty, he has in his herds graded cattle that will compare with any in the county. As a citizen, Dr. Bland is quiet and unostentatious, cordially indorsing and supporting any measure of real public benefit. Although past the meridian of life, he is a well preserved man. His career has been an active and successful one. He is a great reader, a brilliant conversa- tionalist, and in the domestic circle, and public walks of life, is one of the most companionable of men. In the autumn of 1880, Dr. Bland was the candidate for state senator, from the district embracing the counties of Clay, Platte and Clinton, and received the unanimous support of the people. He was married in 1854, to Miss Annie E. Payne, of Clinton County. Their family consists of seven children : Mary B., Serena E. (wife of J. C. Atchison), James A., Henry F., Luella, Annie Lee and Louis L. JAMES L. BRADSHAW, farmer and stock raiser, section 34, post office Gower. A well known, as well as an early settler of Northwestern Missouri, was Mr. Charles Bradshaw, who was a native of Virginia, and came to Platte County, locating near Weston, in 1839. He was a millwright by trade, but fol- lowed farming, principally, and eventually became a resident of Andrew County, where his death occurred, in 1847. His son, James L. Bradshaw^ was born in Mercer County, Kentucky, October i, 1S37, and came to Missouri with his father, residing in Platte and Andrew Counties for ATCHISOX TOWNSIIII'. 185 some time. After the death of the father, the mother of the subject of this sketch located in St. Joseph,- and there J. L. learned the blacksmith trade, and was conducting a shop on Messanie street, when the war broke out. He was among the first to espouse the Union cause, and enlisted, as a private, in the Twenty-fifth Missouri, under Colonel Pea- body. Later, the Twenty-fifth was attached to Colonel Fladd's engineer corps, and was under the command of General John A. Logan. Mr. B. was soon promoted to sergeant, and then to lieutenant. He participated at the engagements of Corinth, Shiloh, Raleigh, Chattanooga, and other notable battles, being honorabh^ discharged July 25, 1865, at Louisville, Kentucky. Returning to St. Joseph, he soon after opened a blacksmith shop at Matney's Miils, in Buchanan County, which he conducted for several years, and, subsequently, engaged in blacksmithing at Platts- burg. He has attained a wide and well merited reputation as a horse shoer, and has few equals in this important branch. In 1876, he com- menced farming where he now resides, and is the owner of eighty acres- of fine land. Mr. B. is a gentleman well posted on tne topics of the day, and, in a large degree, commands the respect of his fellow citizens. He has been twice married. First, in 1858, to Miss Mary Bradshaw. Her death occurred eight or nine months later. In 1867, Miss Mary Jor- dan became his wife. They have had five children, of whom, Jennie,. Maud and Ralph are living, and two are deceased, Amy and Ida. Mr.. B. is a member of the Protective Association- LUTHER CARTER, section 33, post office Plattsburg. Prominent among the old settlers is- numbered the subject of this sketch, who, by faithful attention to his calling and strict principles of honesty, has, step by step, worked his wa\- to the elevated position he now occupies. He is a native of Vir- ginia and was born January 29, 1829. He was there raised in the occupa- tion he now follows, and is the present owner of 426 acres of good a\erage land, a large portion of which is under cultivation. He has a nice residence on his farm, and his improvements are of the first order. Mr. C. was married, in 1851, to Martha J. Morgan. They have, from this union, four children : John W., Frank, Mary E., and Samuel L. Mr. and Mrs. C. are members of the Baptist Church, and contribute largely toward its support. SAMUEL COX, was born in Kno.x Count\-. Kentuck}-, March 3, iSog. His father, I'red- erick, was a Virginian, and one of the first settlers in Southern Ken- tuck)-. The subject of this sketch was reared to manhood and educated in his native state, his early days being spent in farming. In 1830, he l86 LIOGRAPHICAL. removed to Indiana, and located in Parke County, where he was engaged in farming, until i860, when he moved to Iowa, locating in Harrison County. There he continued farming until 1873, at which time he became a resident of Buchanan County, Missouri, taking up his abode in Tremont Township. In 1879, he purchased a pleasant home in Gower, and retired from the active field of labor. Mr. Cox is past the meridian of life, but has been, and is still, an industrious, frugal, and public spirited citizen, always found on the side which tends to the advancement of the religious and moral sentiment. He has been twice married. First, in 183 1, to Miss Sally Pruitt. They had ten chil- dren, five of whom are living : William, Louisiana, Elizabeth, Jane and James C; lost five : John, Samuel, Martha, Mary M., and one died in infancy. Mrs. Cox departed this life in 1870. For his second wife, Mr. C. married Mrs. Charity Wright. Her maiden name was Stalker. She was born in Indiana, and is the daughter of George Stalker, a native of North Carolina. She had been twice married : first, to John B. Van- Cleave, who died in 1852, leaving two children, Mary Elizabeth and John B. In 1857, James Wright became her husband. He died in 1869. Mr. and Mrs. Co.x are diligent and prominent workers in the Baptist Church. ROMULUS E. CULVER, now deceased, was early identified with the public interests of North- west Missouri, and was a man whose name was a household word in the pioneer days of Clinton Count}'. Pie was a native of Maryland, and was born in Montgomery Count)-, in 18 10. He afterwards moved to Kentucky, where he was married to Marj- A. Lawson, a nati\e of Vir- ginia, born in 1812. In the autumn of 1840, Mr. C. came to Clinton Count}- and bought 300 acres of land. The following spring, he took up his abode in this county, having built a log cabin, and commenced the arduous task of opening a farm. His industr}- was rewarded, and in a few years he was regarded as one of the leading farmers in the county. In 1845, he was elected county judge, and, in the spring of 1846, he tendered his services to suppress the Mexican War, and, in the capacity of assistant quartermaster, served until the spring of 1847, when, with six others, he started for home. They stopped at a town called Moro, New Mexico, and, while at dinner, were captured, taken out and shot. The sympathy manifested by the officers of his regi- ment, in their letter of condolence to Mrs. Culver, was evidence of his bravery as a soldier. The Clinton County Court passed suitable resolu- tions in memorial of their departed associate, which displa}-ed the fact, that, in his official capacity, he had been recognized as a substantial ad\ocate of justice, and a man of excellent judgment. Judge Culver, politically, was a Henr}- Cla}- \Miig. He was a Master Mason. ATCHISON TOWNSHIP. 1 87 WILLIAM L. CUIA-I'-.R, farmer and stock raiser, section 27, post office ('ira)son, is a son of Romu- lus E. Cuhcr, and was born in Greenup Count}-, Kentuck)-, No\ember6, 1S35. He came to Clinton Count\- with his ])arents when j-ouny, and after his father's death, in 1847, he returned to Kentucky, where he attended school for a time at Lexington ; also St. Joseph, Missouri. He has long been recognized as one of the leading stock raisers and feeders in Clin- ton Count)-, and his landed estate now consists pf 1,229 acres, 749 of which comprise the home farm. His residence is attractively situated, and indicates comfort. Mr. Culver is a gentleman of broad and liberal views, and is known as one who endorses every enterprise for the advancement of the county and state. He was married in 1862, to Miss \'irginia McMichael. daughter of the veteran citizen, Thomas McMichael. They have five children : Romulus E., Thomas McMichael, Charles Mor- gan, Paul Middleton and Josephine Augusta. Himself and family are members of the M. E. Church, South. Mrs. Mary A. Culver, mother of the subject of this sketch, an estimable lad)-, whose graces of mind and heart ha\-c endeared her to a large circle of acquaintances, Ii\-es with William. N. G. CUMMIXGS is one" of the most sterling and live business men of Gower, and one who is widely known throughout the adjoining country. He is a native of North Carolina, and was born in Guilford County, March 31, 1839. His father, John, was an agriculturist, and, in 1844, came to Missouri with his famil)-, locating in the southern part of Ray County. N. G. eventually became a resident of Clay County, and for a time was engaged in mer- chandising at Clayville, and afterwards at Greenville, being closely identified with the prominent business men of that county for a number of years. When Gower was founded he was among its first business men, engaging in mercantile pursuits ; afterwards he turned his atten- tion to butchering and the stock trade, in connection with other lines. In 1869, he married Miss Amanda Williams, of Clay County. Thej- have a famil)- of six children by this union : Albert C, Annie V., Claudie E., Charles E., Robert C. and an infant. He is a Master Mason and a charter member of Gower Lodge, Xo. 397. M. V. ELLIOTT. farmer and stock raiser, section 22, post office Gower. A prominent man among the early settlers of Clinton and Buchanan Counties was Mr. John Elliott. He was a native of Kentuck\% and came to the Platte Pur- chase when it was first opened. He was recognized as a sterling, go-ahead I8« BIOGRAPHICAL. citizen until the time of his demise, which occurred in February, 1846, His son, M. V. Elliott, was born in Clinton County, Missouri, December 7, 1839. Here he has been raised and educated, since making it his home, with the exception of several years spent in the far northwest in the government employ. His estate consists of 160 acres of choice land, seventy-four acres of which are in Atchison Township, Clinton County, and eighty-si.x acres in Platte Township, Buchanan County. His residence is oiie-half in Clinton and one-half in Buchanan. Mr. E. is a thorough agriculturist, combining the practical with the theoretical, and is a gentleman of good conversational powers. His mother, an estimable lady, and one of the pioneers of Clinton and Buchanan Coun- ties, resides with him ; she has been three times married ; her husbands are all deceased ; her first husband, Mr. B. Cary ; the second John Elliott, whom she married, in 1832, and who died in 1846 ; her third husband was James Feget, who died in 1879. The subject of this sketch was married, in 1856, to Miss Alice Knight, of Clay County, Missouri. They have had six children : Wallula, Bertie, Annie and Thersa, twins, and Pearl Irene ; lost one, Titus Ellen. Himself and family are members of the Christian Church. REV. GEORGE W. EVERETT is a native of Clinton County, and was born near Stewartsville, Novem- ber 24, 1838. His father, Mathew, was a native of Virginia, and he became a resident of the Territory of Missouri in 1818. He came to Clinton County in 1838, being among the pioneers, and was here identi- fied with the development of the county, and its general progress for some years. George W. was raised in Clinton County, following the pursuits of farming. His educational advantages were exceedingly lim- ited, but by perseverance, improving all his leisure moments, and being an apt student, he secured a fair share of the world's knowledge. In later years he attended the Pleasant Ridge Seminary, in Platte County. At the breaking out of the war, Mr. Everett tendered his services to the Confederate cause, enlisting in Shelby's Brigade. On account of infirm- ity, he was unsuited for the infantry, was discharged, and re-enlisted in the cavalry, remaining until the close of the war. After this, he was one year in Texas, and then returned to Clinton County, in 1866, engag- ing in agricultural pursuits. In 1874, he was ordained minister. Mr. Everett is well disciplined in expounding the scriptures, is an ardent worker, and a convincing speaker. He was married in 1868, to Miss Marietta Busey. By this union they have six children : Thomas, Maurie, Clarence, Elton, Jimmie Lj-le and Mary Rebecca. ATCHISON TOWNSHir. 189 JAMES GROOM, ■farmer and stock raiser, section 22, post office Gower. There are but few people in Clinton and adjoining counties who have not heard of Uncle Jimmie, as he is asuallj' called, he, who, in the pioneer days of this country, felled the giant oak and assisted in erecting the frontier cabin, and in the bee hunt was found among the foremost, and by whose hand many an agile buck has been slain. Now well advanced in years and past the meridian of life, he is still hale, and bids fair for years to come, to recount his numerous exploits of those halcyon days. He was born in Kentuck}-, September 3, 1810. His father, with his family, emigrated to Missouri at an earlj- da)', locating first in Montgomery County, and then in Clay County. William Groom, his brother, came to Clinton County in 1S29, and the subject of this sketch accompanied him, and helped to erect his house, becoming a permanent resident in 1833. He took an active part as an early farm improver, and from that time to the present, has been one of Clinton County's most progressive citizens. He was at the first precinct election in 1833, and helped to carry the polls to Liberty. He was married in 1836, to Miss Rebecca Adams. Thej- have had se\enteen children, fourteen of whom are now (1881) liv- ing: Ann, Sarah, Archibald, Gabriel, Elizabeth, Larinda, Xanc\-, Cath- erine, Rebecca, Littleton, Elijah, Deborah, Mar_\', Rhoda. Three are deceased : Jacob, James and an infant. THO^LAS HALL. well known in Northwestern Missouri, is a native of Kentucky, and was. born in Henr)- County, December 20, 18 16. His father, John I. Hall, was a blacksmith, and Thomas adopted and learned that trade, when fifteen years of age. L'pon attaining his majority, he opened a shop at Pleas- ureville, which he operated a number of years. In 1859, he came to Missouri, locating in Tremont Township, Buchanan Count}-, where he engaged in farming, continuing until 1874, when he removed to Gower,' and opened a blacksmith shop. Not many men are i,nore widely acquainted or more popularly known in the adjacent county than Mr. Hall. He was married, in 1838, to Miss Edna F. Fallis, of Kentucky. They have had seven children, four of whom are living : John W., David S., George T. and Erasmus C. ; lost three : William Henr\-, Jose- phene H. and Tillman. JOHN W. HALL, merchant. This well known and popular citizen is a native of Kentucky, and was born in Henry County, August 2, 1839. He came to Missouri when seventeen years of age, locating in Buchanan Count}- with his igO BIOGRAPHICAL. parents. When the rebellion broke out he entered the Confederate service, and served six months under General Atchison, after which he went to Montana, locating in Virginia City, where he resided several years. He was a policeman in that city for one year, and deputy mar- shal two years. In 1867, returning to Buchanan County, Missouri, he engaged in farming until 1878, when he embarked in merchandising in Gower. Mr. H. is an outspoken, frank citizen, with liberal views, and as a business man stands among the foremost. In 1868, Miss Eliza Weak- le}-, of Clinton County, Missouri, became his wife. By this union they have six children : Georgia Belle, Elizabeth, Nellie, Lucy, W'illard and Virgil. Lost one — Erasmus. Mr. Hall is a Master Mason and a member of Gower Lodge. DAVID S. HALL, dealer in hardware and agricultural implements, and insurance, land, claim and collecting agent, was born in Pleasureville, Kentucky, October 15, 1843, and came to Buchanan County, Missouri, with his parents in 1857. He was there raised to manhood, receiving the benefits of a common school and a commercial education in St. Joseph. He commenced his mercantile career at Union Mills, Platte County, and afterwards engaged in trade in Plattsburg, where he continued four years; thence moved to Gower, and has since been one of the representative men of the town. For two years he was deputy sheriff of Clinton County, and filled the position faithfully. He was married in 1868 to Miss Emma L. Asbury, of Plattsburg. They have three children : Annie A., Birda and George R. A. Mr. Hall is a Master Mason and a member of Gower Lodge. GEORGE T. HALL, merchant and postmaster, Gower, as a citizen and energetic business man, is known over a vast area of countr)-. He is the son of Mr. •Thomas Hall, the well known vulcan, and was born in Pleasureville, Kentucky, December 22, 1850. Moving to Missouri with his parents when young, he was principally raised in Buchanan County. In 1870 he embarked in merchandising, and has been postmaster since 1874. He was married in 1881 to Miss Inez Shields, an estimable lady of \\'ar- rensburg, Johnson County, Missouri. Mr. Hall is a Master Mason. WILLIAM HAMMETT, druggist, stationer and assistant postmaster, Gower, is a native of Penn- sylvania, and was born in Franklin County, April 4, 1843. His father, D. F. Hammett, was well known in the commercial circles of that countr\-, and died when William was quite \-oung. At an early age the latter ATCHISON lOWNSIlII'. I9I migrated to Maryland, where he was raised and educated, entering the naval academy, at Annapolis, as a cadet, in 1859 ; also, for a time, he was at Newport, the academy having been removed to that point. In 1863, he was called into active ser\icc, and, in the capacity of ensign, was in the Mississippi Squadron until the close of the rebellion, when he was honorably discharged. In 1866, the west attracted his atten- tion, and he came to Missouri, locating in St. Joseph, where he entered the employ of Turner, Frazer & Co., and, for a time, was their repre- sentative on the road, being one of the first traveling salesmen out of St. Joseph. He continued in their employ for four years, after which he embarked in merchandising at Frazer, Buchanan County, remaining three years. He next went to Texas, and lived temporarily in different parts, and, afterwards, for four years, was in the employ of C. D. Smith & Co., St. Joseph. In the autumn of 1880, he established himself in trade in Gower. He has been assistant postmaster since that time. He is an efficient druggist, and has built up a trade that will compare favor- ably with any in the county. Socially, Mr. Hammett is one of the most genial and companionable of men. He is a Master Mason, and a mem- ber of Gower Lodge. J. T. JAMISON, of the firm of Poe & Jamison, dealers in general merchandise, Gower. This popular young gentleman is a native of Buchanan County, Missouri, and was born August 6, 1853, his father, Allen, being one of the early settlers of the county. J. T. was raised on the farm, receiving the bene- fits of the common schools. After attaining his majority, for two years he was an attendant of the State Normal School at Kirksville, the latter portion of the time being employed as a teacher. For several years he pursued the vocation of teaching in Buchanan and Clinton Counties, and engaged in his present business in the spring of 1881. J. D.- JOHNSON, farmer and stock raiser, section 31, post office Gower, is a native of Vir- ginia, and was born in Fluvanna County, December 5, 1805. His father, William, was a farmer, and an old resident of that state. The subject of this sketch, when 26 years of age, migrated to Kentucky, where he resided until 1854, when he came to Platte County, Missouri, and after a residence there of eighteen months, came to Clinton County, locating where he now resides. He first bought 200 acres of land, and has been adding to it from time to time, until his present estate embraces 300 acres of choice land, on which is situated a comfortable residence. Mr. J. has been a man of untiring industry, and few citizens of Clinton County are more respected for sterling merit. Me has been twice mar- 192 BIOGRAPHICAL. ried ; first, in 1829, to Miss Marj' L. Kent, of Virginia. She died in Kentucky, March 19, 1855. Miss Margaret W. Brumley, of Kentucky, afterwards became his wife. Her father, Daniel, was a native of Vir- ginia, and moved to Kentuck\' when sixteen years of age. G. \V. JOHNSON, farmer and stock raiser, section 31, post office Gower, an enterprising young agriculturist, is a son of Mr. J. D. Johnson, and was born in 1848, in Shelby County, Kentucky, between Frankfort and Shelbyville. He came to Platte County with his father in 1S54, and to Clinton County in 1856, where he has been raised and educated, and where he has since resided, spending his boyhood days in tilling the soil of his county. Mr. J. in farming and stock raising combines the real with the theoreti- cal. Being thoroughl}- schooled as an agriculturist, he promises in the near future to be numbered with the substantial farmers of the county. In 1877, Miss Mary Wright, an estimable young lady, became his wife. WILLIAM KIRK, farmer and stock raiser, section 5, post office Plattsburg, is one of the largest real estate owners in Northwestern Missouri, and is known as one of the substantial stock men of Clinton County. His home farm embraces 963 acres, a short distance east of which are 200 acres, 50 acres of timber land and 135 acres in DeKalb County — in all, 1,348 acres, which will average with any in Northwestern Missouri. The greater portion of it is under a high state of cultivation. His residence, which is situated on a moderately inclined elevation, is a fine looking one, and is one of the most attractive and desirable homes in the state. A frame barn, which is visible for miles, is a two story and basement structure, 42x60 feet, and well arranged for stock feeding. The ice house, wood house, carpenter shop and other buildings are well arranged, indicating good judgment in their construction and the supervision of a skilled manager. Mr. Kirk is a native of Jefferson County, Ohio, and was born March 26, 1823. His father, John, was a native of Ireland, and came to America when a boy, settling in Pennsylvania and eventually located in Ohio. He was a soldier in the war of 1812. William was raised and educated in Jefferson County, his boyhood days being spent in tilling the soil. After attaining his majority he lived on a rented farm for fifteen years. In 1866 he came to Missouri, locating on his present farm, three-quarters of a mile from his present home site. In 1857 he com- menced the building of his present residence. Mr. K. is the founder and builder of his own competency, which he has secured by untiring industry and husbanding his resources. In 1849 he was married to Miss Eliza A. Tavlor, of Ohio, a ladv whose graces of mind and heart have ATCHISON TOWXSIIII'. I93 endeared her to all. By this union they ha\'c had five children, three of whom are living : Theophilus, William and Eva ; Sophia and Mary, deceased. Himself and famil_\- are members of the Methodist Cluirch. JOHN LEWIS, farmer and stock raiser, section 25, post office Plattsburg, stands promi- nent among our progressive and successful farmers. He is a native of Wales, and when seventeen years of age he, with his father, emigrated to America, settling in Ohio, where he remained six years. After this time he removed to Missouri, and settled in this county, where he now resides. He has 390 acres of good land, most of which is under cultiva- tion, and upon it is one of the finest barns in the county, and a nice, comfortable residence. His improvements generally denote him a rep- resentative and successful farmer. He was married February 8, 1846, to Miss Mary A. Bumgarner. They have from this marriage twelve chil- dren : Sarah A., Mahala, William L., Benjamin F., Mary I., John M., Maggie E., Esther, Rebecca E., Thomas A., Robert J. and Jacob B. They are members of the Baptist Church. Mr. L. was justice of the peace for five years, and during that time faithfully discharged the duties of that office. LOYD LEACH, farmer and stock raiser, section 4, post office Plattsburg, is a native of Kentucky, having been born in Scott County, January 30, 1818. His father. Burton Leach, was an old citizen of that state. Loyd was raised, educated and resided in Kentucky until 1847, when he came to Missouri, locating in Platte County. Then he removed to Claj- Count)-, and in the autumn of 1852 located where he now resides. He purchased 560 acres* there then being about thirty acres under cultivation, on which was situated a small log house, in a dilapidated coniition. He soon commenced the erection of his commodious residence, and, being a car- penter by trade, did the greater portion of the work. It is now one of the most attractive and desirable residences in the country. His estate consists of about 600 acres, is divided by fences, and well adapted for stock raising, which business he makes a speciality, and in which he deals largely. Mr. L. has been a man of untiring industry, and his judgment is excellent, his success in life being due to his own exertions. In the home circle he is one of the most genial of men. His wife, for- merly Miss Mary Haynes, a native of Kentucky, he married in 1848. She is a lady of refined tastes. They have six children : William W., Susan, Loyd, Jr.. Dora A., Elizabeth and Viola. Mr. and Mrs. L. are members of the Southern Methodist Church. 194 • BIOGRAPHICAL. D. p. McKISSICK, farmer and stock raiser, section 15, post office Gower. A well known pioneer of Clinton County and a man who figured conspicuously in the early days of Northwest Missouri, was Mr. Daniel McKissick, father of the subject of this sketch ; he was a native of North Carolina, and came to Clinton County with his family in 1833, locating on the farm which his son now occupies ; he was one of the earliest justices of the peace, and, also, a surveyor ; he raised a good deal of corn in those early days, and those who were unfortunate, in having short crops, were generally accomodated by Mr. McK. He was a man of excellent judgment, and his counsel was often sought after by the early citizens. His home was always open to the stranger, and his hospitality is well remembered by the few pioneers who still survive. In 1843, he was with the first caravan to cross the mountains to Oregon, returning in 1846 ; he was a sergeant in the war of 18 12, and a personal friend of Colonel Benton. It was he who suggested to the court the name of Clinton for the county and that of Plattsburg for the county seat. He was an admirer of DeWitt Clinton, hence the name, and Plattsburg, as a memorial of the war of 1812, and the battle of Plattsburg, New York. His death, which occurred in Clinton County many years ago, was mourned by a large number of acquaint- ances. D. P. McKissick was born in Bedford County, Tennessee, Feb- ruary 20, 1820, and came to Clinton County with his parents, in 1833, and was here raised and principally educated. He is closely associated with the county's progress and has always manifested a live interest in educational matters. To him much credit is di;e for having the town- ship laid off, at an early day, into school districts and the inauguration of the public school system. During his sojourn here, he has been a justice of the peace for sixteen years, and has, also, been honored by the people in holding the office of county judge. Before the war Mr. McK. was a Whig, but since then he has been found in the Democratic ranks. He has ^ excellent memory and is a close observer In public and domestic circles, he is one of the most festive of men. He was mar- ried, in 1858, to Miss Mary Jane Wedin, of Saline County, Missouri. They have had seven children : Martha A., Joseph E., Mary C, Daniel T., Annie, Jacob H., and Minnie. WILLIAM McKOWN, stock raiser, section 33, post office Plattsburg. Mr. John McKown, an early settler of Clinton County, was a native of Kentucky, and came to Clay County when a boy, where he was raised, married and lived until 1832 or '33. Then he became a resident of Clinton, locating where his son William now resides. He entered 240 acres of land, and was the first ATCHISON TOWNSHIP. I95 settler in wliat is now one of the garden spots of Clinton Count)-. I-'roni tliat time to the present he has been closely associated with the growth and progress of the county. William McKown was born in Clay County, December lo, 1828, and came to Clinton County with his parents. Since then he has inade this his home. He received the benefits of the early schools of the county, which in his time was in a small log'structure, with split poles for seats, and a portion of a log out of the side of the building to admit the light. At the breaking out of the rebellion Mr. McK. was among the first to tender his services to the Confederate cause, enlisting September 12, 1861. He was with General Price, and participated in the battles of Lexington, Pea Ridge, and a number of skirmishes, serving seven months. He was married in 1850, to Miss Martha Sherrer, of Clinton County. They had si.x children : Thomas K., Will., John, James W., Maggi'e and Allie. Mrs. McKown's death occurred November 25, 1877. Mr. McK.'s estate embraces 256 acres of the most desirable land in Clinton County. In stock raising and feeding he is one of the most prominent in his section. He is an active member of the Free Will Baptist Church. JAMI-:S B. MATTHEWS, section 13, post office Plattsburg. The subject of this sketch is a native of Kentucky, and was born January 1 1, 1833. There he learned the trade of carpenter, and also engaged in farming. In i860, he emigrated to Missouri, and settled where he now resides. He has 245 acres of good, average land, equal to any in this section, most of which is under culti- vation. He was married April 13, 1854, to Miss Martha E. Smith, an estimable lad}-. They have eleven children: Mary A., Arthur T., Wil- liam W.. Annie K., James B., Mattie S., Edna, Earnest, Harry C, Katie and an infant. They are niembers of the Missionary Baptist Church. J. W. MOORE, farmer and stock raiser, section 27, post office Gower, is one of the larg- est stock feeders in this township. He is a native of Virginia, and was born near Harper's Ferry, August 5th, 1847. His father, Milton Moore, came to Daviess County, Missouri, with his family, in 1847, and after- wards, to Buchanan County, where the subject of this sketch was a resi- dent for a number of years. Major Milton Moore is among the best known business men and farmers of Northwest Missouri. For many years he has been in the stock business, making his headquarters at Gower. J. W. located where he now resides in the spring of 1881. He is a thoroughly experienced stockman, and in his transactions is pecu- liarly clear and transparent. In 1869, Miss Fanny McClellan, of Clinton 196 BIOGRAPHICAL. Count}-, became his wife. They have six children : Milton, Willie, Hat- tie, Carrie, Neeley and Edward. Mr. M. belongs to the Central Protec- tive Association. SAMUEL NASH, farmer and stock raiser, section 24, post office Gower, is a nati\-e of Franklin County, Kentuck)-, and was born Maj' 25, 1811. His father, Jeremiah, was a native of Virginia, and died when Samuel was in his seventh year. When in his fourteenth year, the subject of this sketch, with his mother and her family, came to Missouri, locating in Clay County, near Liberty, residing there two years, then moved to Fishing River, where the)' remained some years, eventually locating in Clinton County, on the farm now occupied by them. Mr. Nash has been one of the most industrious and progressive citizens of the count}-, and has contributed his share towards its development. He came to the county when in meagre circumstances, and has made a handsome compe- tency by his own exertions. On the 12th of January, 1834, Miss Annie Williams became his wife. She is the daughter of John and Catharine Williams, and was born in North Carolina, March 27, 1815. They have had thirteen children, four of whom are living: Wilson, Justina, Mary E. and Samuel Jackson. Lost nine : Beckie, Jerry, George, William J., Melinda, Sarah Catharine, Amanda, E. M., Emma A. CORNELIUS O'CONNER, section 22, post office Plattsburg, is a native of Ireland, and was born in 1833. At the age of eighteen years he emigrated to America, and set- tled in Kentucky, where he followed the occupation of farming. In 1863, he moved to Illinois, and settled in Coles County. After a resi- dence there of thirteen years, he came to this state and settled where he now resides, being the possessor of 380 acres of average land, most of which is under cultivation. In 1853, Mr. O'Conner married Miss Ellen Murphy. They have six children : John W., Batty, Dennis, Thomas, Patrick, Cornelius, and have adopted one girl, Maggie. They are members of the Catholic Church. G. B. POAGE, farmer and stock raiser, section 7, post office Plattsburg, is as popularly known as any of the early settlers of Clinton County. He is a native of Boone County, Missouri, and was born August 26, 1S16. His father, Robert, was a native of Virginia, and came to Missouri in 1807. He was a soldier in the war of 1812, and became a resident of Clay County in 1820. He helped to build the first warehouse at Liberty, and took an ATCHISON TOWNSlUr. I97 active part in the development of Northwestern Missouri. The grand- father of G. B.. Abraham Grooms, was an early settler of Clinton County, h,>\-ing located where the subject of this sketch now resides in 1836, the same time that the Toage family came. The county at that time was in its natural condition, the hand of man having done but little towards its development. To them much credit is due for the present substantial condition of the territory in their immediate vicinity. They passed through the various inconveniences subject to the settlement of a new country, ever persevering and triumphed over all obstacles. The estate of Mr. P. consists of 255 acres. He keeps good grades of cattle, and in stock raising does a business that will compare with any in the commu- nity. He was married in 1839, to Miss Hannah Victor, a native of Lewis County, Kentucky. By this union they have ten children living: Mary Ann, Nancy Elizabeth, Robert, Sarah Ellen. William B., John S. Martha M., David S., Alfred R. and Abraham G. Lost one — James Allen. B. F. POE, farmer and stock raiser, section 34, post office Gower, was born Novem- ber 25, 1836, in Clinton County, Missouri. His father, William, was a native of Gerrard County, Kentucky, and was a soldier in the war of i8i2, and participated in the famous battle of the Thames in Upper Canada October 5, 18 13, where General Tecumseh was killed. He served under General Harrison. Mr. Poe came to Clay County, Missouri, at an early day, and to Clinton County in 1836, being among the pioneers. He was also for a time a resident of Buchanan County. He was greatly interested in the general development of the country until his death, which occurred December 31, 1876, in Holt County. B. F. gave himself the benefit of a good education by close application to his books during his limited school days and employing his leisure hours for over twenty years, and has been among the foremost teachers and educators in Clin- ton and Buchanan Counties. In religious matters he is among the active workers, as well as of affairs pertaining to the advancement of the public generally. Since 1S65 he has been an elder in the Christian Church. He was married in 1862 to Miss Percilla P)le. By this unon they have four children : Alice, F.mma, Curtiss and Nellie. H. C. POE, of B. F. & H. C. Poe, agriculturists, and of the firm of Poe & Jamison, merchant*, Gower, is a native of Clay County, Missouri, was born Jan- uary 29, 1S40, and is the son of the pioneer William Poe. He has been a resident of Clinton and Buchanan Counties the geater portion of his life, and has contributed amply toward the development of the agri- 198 BIOGRAPHICAL. cultural interests of this section. The Poe Bros, are among the sub- stantial, practical and successful fanners of Clinton Count)-. In the spring of 1881, Mr. P. embarked in merchandising, and, being well and familiarl)- known, commands a large patronage. WILLIS ROCKWELL, (deceased). Among the pioneers of Clinton County, the subject of this sketch is worthy of more than a passing notice. He was a native of Kentucky, and was born June 14, 1804. He there married, July 15, 1824, Miss E. B. Brockman. She was born January 21, 1809. They came to Clinton County, in 1S53, locating in close proximity to where the town of Grower now stands. Mr. R. and his good wife were recognized as the most industrious and progressive of people in the neighborhood, for many years, and took an active part in working for the welfare of their adopted county. Like a score of other early settlers, they have passed away from this earth, but not from the memory of the people. Mrs Rockwell's death occurred August 20, 1S74, and on the 14th of Septem- ber, 1878, she was joined, in her heavenly home, by her husband. The)- had a family of twelve children. A number of the sons are sterling and prominent agriculturists of Clinton County. The names of the children are : Elizabeth P., born February 22, 1826 (wife of Josiah Bral)-); Clifton T., born in 1828; Francis M., born May 5, 1830, and died in 1869; Louisa C, born May 9, 1832 (married S. Braly November 3, 1853); Wealthy A., born January 13, 1834, and died January 8, 1872 (married Tazwell Parr); Richard H. L., born Jul)- 13, 1836 (married Miss L. Saulsbury); Mary A., born May 7, 1839 (wife of Marion Riggs); Stephen W., born December 26, 1841 (married Josephine Davis); Lucy E., born October 30, 1844; John M., born May 6, 1847; William C, born January 30, 1850 (married Octavia Young, April 17, 1876); Isaac N., born July 15, 1852. The Rockwell estate is located on section 3. R. L. SCEARCE, stock raiser and dealer, section 19, post office Plattsburg, is a leader in the stock business of Missouri, and is well known in the northwest. He is a nati\e of Clay County, Missouri, was born October 14, 1843, and is the son of Robert Scearce, deceased, who was one of the early settlers of Missouri. R. L. became a resident of Clinton County in i85i,and has here been raised to manhood and educated. Bob, as he is usually called, has always been a farmer and stock raiser, and, by his good judg- ment and strict attention to business, has made of it a grand and well deserved success. His landed estate embraces about 600 acres of land, which is well adapted and arranged for stock purposes. An attractive and substantial residence, with out-buildings to conform, adorn his farm AirillNdN lOWNMlIl'. 199 and make it one of the most desirable in Atchison Township. He was married February i, 1866, to Miss Mary M. Biggerstaff, a daughter of the well known Clinton County pioneer, Samuel G. Biggerstaff. They have si.\ children living : ICmmett, Lewis, William, Maud K., Ann Kliza, and an infant. S. A. SCKARCE, farmer and stock raiser, section 17, post office Plattsburg. The subject of this sketch is a native of Clay Count)-, Missouri, and was born Janu- ary 7, 1848. While he was of an early age, the family emigrated to this county, where he has since resided. He has 460 acres of land, making in all one of the finest stock farms in the state, and as a stock raiser, he is well and favorably known throughout this district. His wife was, formerly. Miss Laura T. Thompson, an estimable lady. They have as a result of this union a family of four children, Minnie L., Lizzie A., Nancy A. and an infant. Of such men as Mr. Scearce the citizens of Clinton County may well be proud, and although yet a comparatively young man, he stands in the front rank of our representative farmers. G. R. SHEPHERD, section 28, post office Plattsburg, was born in Harrison (now Carroll) County, Ohio, February 10, 1818. His father, James, a native of County Fermanah, Ireland, came to America in 1815. The subject of this sketch was educated and reared to manhood in his native county, follow- ing agricultural pursuits until 1861, when he became a resident of Clinton County. His present farm he purchased in 1862, and it now consists of 407 acres of choice land, in a good state of cultivation. His imposing and handsome residence was built in 1876. A fine barn and orchard adorn the farm, and everything indicates a skilled and experienced man- agement. Mr. S. is a great reader, and his mind once made up, it takes strong and convincing arguments to change it. He was married in 1844, to Miss Letitia Atwell, a native of County Fermanah, Ireland. They have had eight children, five of whom are living : PLliza A., John !•"., Charles W., G. Alexandria, Letitia Maj- ; lost three, Mary Jane, Tursey and James M. Himself and familj' are members of the M. E. Church. DAxXIEL SMITH, justice of the peace. This gentleman has long been intimately associ- ated with the interests of the town of Gower, and is also one of Clinton County's early settlers. He is a native of Lincoln Count)-, Kentucky. His father, Elias, who was a native of Virginia, was among the old set- tlers of Kentucky, and removed to Barren County, of that state, when 200 BIOGRArHICAL. Daniel was quite young. He was there raised to manhood, and edu- cated, his early days being spent in tilling the soil. In 1857, he came to Missouri, locating in La Fayette Township, Clinton County, where he engaged in farming, and there resided until 1866, when he removed to his present location. He owned the land on which Gower now stands^ . laid out the town in company with the St. Joseph Land Company, the plat being made in Mr. Smith's name, and he gave one-half of the lots away, and has done much towards making it the live trading point that it has become. Mr. Smith is a man of clear judgment, and, since 1858, has been justice of the peace, at different periods, holding the office in La Fayette Township for seven years, discharging the duties creditably. He was married in 1841, to Miss Mary E. McDaniel, of Kentucky. They have had nine children : Elias T., Sarah E., John R., Albert, Daniel W., Henry C, Birdella, William B. and Bettie W., deceased. Himself and wife are active members of the Christian Church. T. J. SODOWSKY, farmer and stock raiser, section 25, post office Gower, a distinguished agriculturist of Clinton County, and a pioneer in Northern Missouri, who is fav-rably known, is a native of Jessamine County, Kentucky, and was born March 16, 1825. His father, James, was also a native of that state and emigrated, with his family, including T. J., to Missouri, in 1845, locating in Buchanan County, close to the Clinton County line and a short distance from where Gower is now situated. He was engaged in farming until the time of his demise, which occurred October I, 185 1. Having been born May 30, 1801, he was, consequently, in his fiftieth year. His wife was formerly Miss Fannie S. Gatewood ; she was born February 2, 1799, and died January 13, 1873. The subject of this sketch taught his first school in the neighborhood of where the family located in Buchanan County, during the winter of 1845-6. The building was a log structure, 16x16 feet. Among his scholars was Tliomas Finch, present deputy clerk of Buchanan County, and Eph. Kelly. In 1849,. Mr. S. located where he now resides, and has since been identified with the growth and prosperity of the county. He is a successful farmer, and owes his success in life only to his own exertions and business tact, having been supported by untiring attention to his labor. In all com- mendable enterprises for the advancement of the public good, he is to be found among the foremost. Mr. S. has been twice married. First, in 1848, to Miss Josephine Biggerstaff ; she was born February 26, 1833, and died December 30, 1871. The result of this union was ten children, seven of whom are living: Dorcas D., deceased, Larkin E., deceased, Robert M., Rufus A., James S., John Thomas, George L., Joseph Wyatt, and Kelly Woodson, deceased. On the 22d of June, 1873, ATCHISON TOWNSHIP. 201 Mary Eliza Evans became his wife. Their family consists of Rhoda, Maggie and Birdeila, twins, born January 15, H876. former is deceased ; Toliver, born March 9, 1877, and Evans, born May 31, 1880. S. H. THOMPSON, farmer and stock raiser, section 8, post office Plattsburg, owes his nativity to North Carolina, having been born in Orange County, March 11. 1810. His father, Samuel, moved to that state from Pennsylvania. S. H. spent his early days in tilling the soil of North Carolina, and there resided until 1836, when he became a resident of Clay County, Missouri. In 1843 he came to Clinton County, engaging in agricultural pursuits near Hainesville. He early was an eminent tiller of the soil in that section, and held the office of justice of the peace for several terms. In 1S67 he located where he now resides, his estate now consisting of 250 acres, 200 of which are under cultivation. His residence, an attractive one, is pleasantly located, and indicates comfort and taste. He was married in 1843 to Miss Elizabeth Hale, of Kentucky. By this union they have had five children, three of whom are living: James, Laura and John 15.; lost two, Monroe and Annie. REV \V. \V. TILLERY, farmer, is a native of Woodford County, Kentucky, and was born near \'ersailles, October 7, 1S14. His father, James, was a native of that state, and in 1821, with his family, including W. W., emigrated to Mis- souri, and located in Clay County, three miles northwest of Liberty. He was one of the pioneers of that county, and was there engaged in agricultural pursuits. The subject of this sketch was here raised to man- hood, receiving the benefits of the schools of that day, which were few in number and inferior in quality. He pursued the vocation of farming until 1856, when he came to Clinton County, locating where he now resides. Since that time, he has been interested in its agricultural developments, and its religious and educational progress. Mr. T. is liberal in his views, a deep thinker, and is possessed of excellent con- versational powers. He assisted in suppressing the Morman difficulties in Caldwell County, with which many of the old and new settlers are familiar. Mr. Tillery has occupied the pulpits of the Baptist Church for several years. He has been three times married. First, in 1838, to Miss Susan H. Foe. They had eight children, four of whom are living : Mary, Thomas, Emily and Jennie. Mrs. Tillery's death occurred Jan- uary 6, 1856. On the 19th of April, 1857, Miss M. A. Poe became his wife, and by this marriage they had four children : Albert D., William, Annie B., now living, and Leander, deceased. Mrs. Tillery died July 19, 202 lilOGkAPHICAL. 1867. On the 24th of May, 1869, he married Mrs. Maria C. VermilHon. By the latter union he has had five children : Embree D., S. J., Myra Grace, Gold Allen ; lost one, Leander J. His father, James Tillery, was a resident of Clinton County, until his death. GRANVILLE WEAKLEY, farmer and stock raiser, section 2, post office Gower, is one who has done his part towards giving the county its present enviable reputation. He is a native of Shelby County, Kentucky, and was born September 17, 181 1. His father, Thomas, is supposed to have been a native of Virginia. The Weakleys are of English ancestry. The subject of this sketch spent his early days in tilling the soil, and received a limited education in the old fashioned log school of that period. When a young man, he met with a serious misfortune, whereby one of his limbs was injured. He then forsook farming, and learned the harness making trade, which he followed for five years. In 1852, he came to Illinois, and, in the spring of 1853, came to Clinton County, locating where he now resides. He had many of the difficulties with which early settlers have to con- tend, but, being a man of sterling merit, and one not afraid of work, soon overcame these perplexities. His success in life is evinced from the fact that 475 acres of choice land now comprise his estate, the greater portion of which is under cultivation. Mr. W. was married, in Kentucky, to Miss Elizabeth Thralka. They have ten children : Mary, Eliza, Leander, Orin, Charlie, John, Willard, Orfie, Lucy and Thomas Jackson. Himself and family are members of the Missionary Baptist Church. J. C. WEAKLEY, farmer and stock raiiser, section 2, post office Gower, was born in Shelby County, Kentucky, November i, 1830, and is a son of Thomas Weakley, who was a native of Virginia. In 1849, J. C. came to St. Joseph, Mis- souri, and in the autumn of 1853, located where he now resides. His estate consists of 243 acres of choice land. He has been twice married ; first, in 1852, to Mary Thomas, by whom he had four children : Ella and Mary T., now living ; two are deceased : Annie and Laura B. Mrs. W. died during the war. His second wife was Mary Lyons, and by this latter marriage there are four children living: Lulu D., Robert E., Ben F. and Ira. Lost one, John. Himself and family are members of the Mission- ary Baptist Church. GEORGE W. WHITSON, section 3, farmer and stock raiser, post office Gower. One of the earli- est settlers of Clinton County, was Mr. Abraham Whitson, who was a ATCHISON TOWNSIIII'. 203 native of N'irginia. He was among the first to locate in Clay County, Missouri, and came to Clinton in the spring of 1833, and here he was closely identified with the development of the county, being one of the first to make his home in the vicinit\- of where Gower now stands, hav- ing located one mile south of that point. His death occurred in 1840. He was a public spirited and enterprising citizen, and w'as admired by all. He had been a soldier in the war of 18 12. His son, G. W., was born in Tennessee, July 12, 181 1, and came to this state with his father in 1821, living first in St. Louis County, thence to Saline Count)-, and afterwards to Clay and Clinton Counties, where the greater portion of the time he has since been a resident. In 1837-8, he was in the Seminole war in I'lorida. In 1843, he located in Platte Township, Buchanan County, residing there until 1846, and was one of the first farm openers and resi- dents in that locality. In 1846, he returned to Clinton County, and settled where he now resides. His present estate consists of over 266 acres, the greater portion of which is under cultivation. Mr. W. is a well informed gentleman, and to him we are indebted for man}- \aluable articles per- taining to the earlier settlement of Atchison Township. He was mar- ried in 1844 to Miss Nancy Smith. She is the daughter of Hugh Smith, of Mercer County, Kentuck}-. They ha\'e three children, John Madison, James Harvey, and Mary Frances. Mr. W.'s mother, formerl}- Miss Sarah Jeffries, died in Clinton Count)-, in 1872. LA FAYETTE TOWNSHIP. JOHN F. ATCHISON, farmer, section 35, post office Easton, was born in Bath Count)-, Ken- tucky, January 23, 1823, and in the fall of 1843 he came to Missouri, and located at Lexington, where he was engaged in various business till 1845. In September of the same year he was married to Miss Ephemia A. Clark. They then located on a farm in La Fa)-ette Count)-, where they remained till 1847, then moving to Buchanan County. There Mr. A. resided till 1872, when he moved to his present location. His farm contains 160 acres. Mrs. Atchison was born in La P'ayette Count)-, 204 BIOGRAPHICAL. Missouri, December 17, 1825. Their family consists of seven children : John F., Anna M., Wm. W., Jesse L., A. C, Mattie M. and Laura L. JAMES P. ARTERBURN. farmer and stock'raiser, section 22, post office Plattsburg. The subject of this sketch was born in Washington County, Tennessee, but was raised in Sullivan County. He received a common school education. His father, being quite an extensive farmer, James' time was devoted principally in looking after that business. He was married, March 4, 184c, to Miss Nancy Chase, a native of Tennessee. In 1856, Mr. and Mrs. A. came to Clinton County, and settled near their present location. The farm now consists of sixty-two acres of well improved land. Mr. A. has a pleasant residence, with all necessary out buildings, and an orchard about three acres in extent. He is a man of decided character, with strong and enduring convictions of right. He served in the Mexi- can war, but did not take any active part in the late rebellion, although his sympathies were with the South. Mr. and Mrs. A. have three child- ren living : James M., Mary M. and Sarah M. They are members of the Christian Church. B. A. BALL, farmer and stock raiser, section 31, post office Stewartsville, is a native of Abbeyville District, South Carolina, and was born on the 6th day of September, 1842. He received a common school education, and at the age of fifteen years, with his parents, he moved to Greene County, Arkansas, and assisted his father on a farm until the spring of 1861. He then enlisted in Company E., Fifth Regiment, Arkansas Volunteer Infantry, and did guard duty until the following fall, when he was mus- tered into the Confederate service. He participated in the battles of Nashville, Tennessee, and Shiloh, and was wounded at the last named place. He was also at the battles of Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, and Kenesaw Mountain, and afterward returned to his home, in 1865. Mr. B. remained at home with his parents until he was married, on the 26th day of December 1866, to Miss Nancy F. Elwood, a native of Grayson County, Virginia. She was born on the i6th day of December, 1855, and, with her parents, moved to Arkansas. Mr. and Mrs. Ball came to this county in the fall of 1868, and for one year resided near Stewartsville. They then moved to DeKalb County, in 1869, and lived there until 1875, at that time returning to Clinton County. The subject of this sketch rented land, and, in 1877, made his first purchase of land, and is now the owner of 200 acres of well improved land, surrounded and subdivided by fine osage hedges. They have been blessed with a I. A I'AVKTTE TOWXSHII'. 205 famil)- of six children, all of whom are li\ing: Mary C, Dora I., Lulu v., James E., Laura l\., and Hennie. JOSEPH H. BREEUEN, (deceased) was a native of Tennessee, and was born in the month of Ma)', 1820. He was reared to manhood in his native state, and about 1842 he came to Daviess County, Missouri, where he remained till the fall of 1858, and then moved to Texas, with the intention of making that his home. He and his family not being satisfied with the countr\-, the spring following found him a citizen of Clinton County, Missouri. He located on the farm in section 32 now occupied by his widow. While in his native state he learned the cabinet trade, which he followed for a number of years after settling in Daviess County, Missouri. In April, 1845. Mr. B. was married to Miss Elizabeth J. McCulIey. After his marriage he followed farming till the time of his demise, which occurred May iS, 1S66. He left a farm of lOO acres to his family, which consisted of nine children, eight of whom are now living : John T., Mary J., Alexander L., Mattie A., Charles P., Louis C, Emily E. and Lizzie B. Mrs. Breeder! is a native of Missouri, and was born April 5, 1830. Charles P. Breeden, who has taken charge of the farm since the death of his father, was born in Clinton County, Missouri, April 6, 1859, and has adhered closelj- to agricultural pursuits from boyhood. HIRAM BROWN, farmer, patentee and manufacturer of the F"lora Washer, section 8, post office Stewartsville, was born in Canada West, Elgin County, October 4, 1841, and was reared and educated in his native state until sixteen years of age. In 1853, he accompanied his parents to Carroll County, Missouri, where he followed the painting business. In 1S61, he enlisted in the Confederate service, and was detailed as pilot. He participated in the engagements at Boonville and Lexington, and in 1862, returned to Carroll County, and was united in marriage with Miss Lizzie Teeter, a native of Missouri, born July 28, 1845. In the autumn of 1863, he removed to Illinois, near Quincy, and engaged in farming for two years, and in 1865, came to this county and settled near Stewartsville, and in 1867, purchased his present propert)', comprising forty acres of well improved land. In 1877, Mr. Brown invented the Floral Washer, a machine of superior merit, and the trade he has built up is a sufficient guarantee of its usefulness and labor saving qualities. Their family consist of seven children living: George W., Mary E., Anna E., Adda D., Effie M., James O. and Charles H. Lost one son— Willard P. Mr. and Mrs. Brown arc members of the Baptist Church. 206 BIOGRAPHICAL. GEORGE N. BURGH, farmer, section 30, post office Stewartsville, is a native of New York, and was born in Columbia County, November 8, 1841. He received a fair education, and was for some time engaged in teaching. He was also employed at various occupations during his younger days. In the fall of 1862, he enlisted in Company D, 150th New York, and remained in service fourteen months. In 1865, he went to Texas, where he was occupied in a mercantile establishment as book-keeper, for two years, then returned to New York, and, in a short time, came to Missouri, and located in Kansas City, where he remained during the winter of 1868-69. He then located where he has since resided, except from 1871 to 1873, during which time he made his home in New York. His farm contains eighty acres. Mr. B. was married, October 28, 1868, to Miss Ann Eliz- abeth Dexter. She was born at Long Island in January^ 1843. They have six children : Bernice L., N. Dexter, Carrie H., Charles E., George B. and H. Berkley. o. B. burge:ss, farmer and stock raiser, is a native of Mason County, Kentucky, and was born on the 15th day of August, 1820. His father was a prominent and wealthy farmer of that county, and young Burgess turned his attention to the breeding of fine stock. He was united in marriage on the 2d day of February, 1842, with Miss Phebe D. Killgore, a native of Kentucky. She was born on the 8th day of February, 1824. Mr. B., after his mar- riage, continued farming and the breeding of fine stock until i860, when he moved to Minerva, for the purpose of educating his children. There he remained until 1864, when he closed out his entire business and moved to Platte County, Missouri. He was engaged in farming until 1867, when, with his family, he came to this county and lived at Plattsburg for one year. Mr. B. soon purchased his present farm, which now con- tains 120 acres of well improved land, situated in section 22, about eight mi'es northwest of Plattsburg. Mr. Burgess, in common with many others, lost heavily during the late war. He took no active part in that engagement, although his sympathies were with the South. He has been a life long Democrat. Mr. and Mrs. B. have eight children living: Ann D. S., Martha M., R. O., Cora, Harrison G., Abbie, Ella, Mary F.. and one deceased — Wm. S. CORNELIUS H. CLAWATER, farmer, section 21, post office Stewartsville. The subject of this sketch is an aged man, whose head has been frosted by many winters. For several months he has been disabled from performing any physical labor. i.A iam:tte rowNsiiip. 207 on account of paralysis. He is a native of Ulster County, New York, and was born January 2, 1810. When an infant, he, with his parents, moved to Lycoming, (now Trenton), County, Pennsylvania, where he was reared to manhood. While a )-oung man he learned the blacksmith trade, which he followed as his occupation for seven years. He was then employed by the Pennsylvania Canal for a period of time, his duty being the sharpening of tools, and blasting. He was afterwards con- nected with a railroad company as superintendent of bridge work, for four years. In the year 1842, Mr. C. emigrated to Missouri, and located in Clinton County, near Plattsburg, where he resided for ten years, when he moved to his present location. Since coming to Missouri, he has been engaged in agricultural pursuits, and now has a farm of 150 acres. He was married February 10, 1846, to Mrs. Mary E. Smith, (her maiden name was Peck), and she was born in North Carolina in January, 1817, and died in 1875. Their family consists of four children living: William J., Jane E., Sarah S. and P'annie E. Mr. C. is a member of the Presby- terian Church. THOS. J. COOK, section 7, post office Stewartsville, is a native of Shelby County, Ken- tucky, and was born on the 17th day of October, 1846, on a farm. At the age of fifteen years, he came to Missouri, accompanied by his elder brother, and settled in Buchanan County, where he remained five years, and then came to Clinton County, in 1865. In 1867, he sold his prop- erty, consisting of only a saddle horse, and entered college, where he pursued his studies for one year. He then returned to his home, and devoted his time in herding stock to enable him to procure funds to complete his education. In i868-g, he taught school, and. in the latter year, entered the William Jewell College, and continued his studies for two years. He was united in marriag, on the lOth day of F'ebruary, 1S70, to Miss Marceline Jones, a native of Georgia, born on the 13th of January, 1856. She moved to Buchanan County, Missouri, in 1867, and to Clinton County in 1871. Mrs. Cook was educated at St. Joseph. Their family consists of Grace, M. Hope, James B., Walter S., and Eugene, deceased. S. H. DANIEL, section 6, post office Stewartsville. The subject of this sketch, familiarly known as "Sam," was born at Shelbyville, Shelby County, Kentucky, on the 24th of August, 1835, on a farm. His educational advantages were e.vcellent, and in the fall of 1843, he, with his parents, moved to the south- eastern part of Buchanan County, Missouri, there locating on a farm. His father died when Sam. was but sixteen years of age, and left his 208 BIOGRAPHICAL. mother with the care of quite a family. S. H. assumed the responsibility of caring for the family, and carried on farming. When eighteen years of age, he made a trip to New Mexico, as a freighter, and returned and continued farming. In 1859, he again crossed the plains to Salt Lake City, being interested in a merchant's train, and, subsequently, returned by a pack train. He then devoted his time to tilling the soil, and spec- ulating in live stock, and at various times would make shipments east. In the summer of 1865, in connection with J. D. Clasbey, he fitted out a wagon train, loaded it with government corn, and delivered it at Fort Halleck, Dakota Territory, a distance of 850 miles, receiving a compe- tency of $15.00 per hundred, as freightage. After returning, he resumed his business as a live stock merchant, and, for many years, was one of the heaviest shippers in Northwest Missouri. In June, 1878, he accepted the position of live stock agent for the Wabash Railway Company, his headquarters being at St. Joseph, Missouri. Mr. Daniel is a member in good standing, of the Masonic fraternity, both Blue Lodge and Chap- ter, at Stewartsville. His home consists of 20Q acres of land, well improved in every respect. He was married on the 10th day of Septem- ber, 1861, to Miss Elizabeth F. Mc Williams, a native of Missouri. The family of Mr. and Mrs. D. consists of; Willie, born May 20, 1862, James, born March 19, 1864, DoUie M., born October 8, 1866, Oria A., born February 18, 1869, and died August 31, 1871, Pinkie, born February 10, 1871, Joel, born February 10, 1873. Maude, born November 13, 1876. GEORGE DELANEY, blacksmith, farmer and stock raiser, is a native of Crab Orchard, Lincoln County; Kentucky, and was born on the lOth day of December, 1840. He received a common school education, and at the age of sixteen years, commenced learning the trade of blacksmith with James Hendricks. He continued in this gentleman's employ for three years, when, having mas- tered his trade, he went to Lexington and worked two years. Thence to Terre Haute, Indiana, where he worked for two years, and then moved to Elbridge, Illinois, remaining one summer. His next move was to Gainesville, Harrison County, Missouri, where he carried on business for seven years, then selling out. He went to Stewartsville, DeKalb County, Missouri, remained ten months, and then came to this county in 1873. Here he has since resided, and is now the owner of 175 acres of well improved land, situated in section 4. Mr. D. is a charter member 01 Stewartsville Lodge, I. O. O. F. He was united in marriage to Miss S. M. Dyerle, a native of this state, and by this union they have a family of seven children : Katie, Oda D., Ollie C, Nora W., Ada M., B. B. and Emma W. LA FAVKTTE TOWNSHIP. 209 JOHN DUCOING, farmer and stock raiser, section 8, post office Stewartsville, was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on the 8th day of June, 1833, and lived there until 1845, and then came with his parents to Buchanan County, Mis- souri. The following year his father enlisted in the Mexican war, and the care of the family devolved on young John. He engaged in agricul- tural pursuits, and continued the same until eighteen years of age, and then commenced working for a Jacob Bohart, as a farm hand. In 1852 and 1853, he was engaged in breaking prairie. On the 14th of Septem- ber, 1854, he married Miss Martha Vaughn, of Clinton County, who was born on the 28th day of March, 1835, she being the first white child born in Plattsburg. He settled on a farm near his present residence. In 1863, he accepted a position as purchasing agent for Tilden, Curtis & McBath, of the American Packing Company, Chicago, and at the same time car- ried on his farming operations. His farm now consists of 220 acres of good land. Mr. Ducoing is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and both himself and wife are consistent church members, the former of the Christian, and the latter of the Baptist Church. Their famil}- con- sists of nine children : Katie F., William A., Lucy J., Templeton J., John W„ Frank B., Anna L., George D. and Martha M. HIRAM ELROD, farmer, section 36, post office Stewartsville, was born in Ashe County, North Carolina, November 18, 1820, and was reared in his native county, and while there acted as deputy sheriff for four years. He was engaged in farming over many different parts of that state, and afterwards resided in Lee County, Virginia, for four years, there being occupied in teach- ing. In 1858, he moved to Arkansas, where he was engaged in farming and teaching till the breaking out of the war, and in 1862 he enlisted in the Confederate service, remaing till the close of the war. He then came to Clinton County, Missouri, where he has since resided, except during three j-ears, when he lived in DeKalb County. Mr. E. has held the office of justice of the peace since 1S76. His farm contains eighty acres of choice land. Februar\- 11, 1845, he was married to Miss Caro- line Wells. She was born in (ira\son County, Virginia, August 25, 1823. They ha\e three children,. Xanc\- F., John W., George A., and liave lost se\en. FRANKLIN FINCH, farmer and stock raiser, section 20, post office Slewartsville. was born in Monroe County, Ohio, September 6, 1823, and when one year old was taken by his parents to Indiana, where they resided for six years, then 2IO BIOGRAPHICAL. moving to Illinois. In the year 1837, they moved to Buchanan County, Missouri. Franklin was educated in the common schools of his different locations, and, in 1846, he enlisted in the Mexican war, remaining in service for fourteen months, being mustered out as second lieutenant. In 1855, he moved to Jefferson County, Kansas, where he remained till 1861, and then came to Clinton County, Missouri, where he has since resided. He was engaged in the mercantile trade four years, and in the year 1857, while in Jefferson County, Kansas, was elected to the legisla- ture for one term and was a member of the county board for two terms. Mr. Finch's landed estate consists of 580 acres of land. He makes his principal occupation the raising of stock. He is a Mason and a mem- ber of Stewartsville Lodge No. 182. He was married March 25, 1849, to Miss Margaret Moore. She was born in Franklin County, Pennsyl- vania, October 20, 1829. They have had nine children, eight of whom are now living: Emma, Martin L., Edmond L., Florence A., Margaret E., Maud, David R., and Franklin. GAINES GREENE. section 23, post office Gower, among the most prominent stock men and farmers in Clinton County, is a native of Mason County, Illinois, and was born March 8, 1853. His father, Hon. W. G. Greene, is a well known citizen of that state, and has figured conspicuously in the commercial and political circles there for the past quarter of a century. He was an inti- mate friend of Abraham Lincoln and War Governor Yates, and partly through his influence the former came before the people for President. For a number of years he has been engaged in the banking business at Tal- lula. He was instrumental in having a number of the now popular rail- roads in Illinois, and has been prominently identified with a number of commendable enterprises for the state's advancement. Gaines was raised and educated in his native state, attending for a time the Commercial College at Poughkeepsie, New York. He early manifested an interest in farm'ng and stock raising, and to the latter he has given his attention for a number of years. In the spring of 1880, he came to Missouri, locat- ing on his present farm, which consists of 641 acres of land, unsurpassed in the state. A commodious residence is upon the farm, which indicates comfort and prosperity. Mr. Greene is well informed upon the current events of the day and is an interesting member of society. On the 2d of October, 1878, he was married to Miss Julia Blankenship, an estimable young lady of Menard County, Illinois. They have one daughter : Dasie. JOHN N. GRIMES, farmer and stock raiser, section 5. post office Stewartsville, is a native of Clintonville, Kentucky, and was born in 1856. At the age of three years he, with his parents, moved to Claj' County, Missouri, locating near Lib- erty, where he 'continued to reside until 1830. lie then apprenticed him- self to the firm of Smithey & McCullough, carpenters and house joiners, and remained in their employ till 1854, when he came to Plattsburg, tliis county. There he was connected with Love & Leeper until 1859, and assisted in building the first Methodist church in that city. During the following spring Mr. G. crossed the plains to Salt Lake City in the employ of FAias Barber, freighter. Associated with eight others he pro- cured an outfit, consisting of a wagon and five yoke of o.xen, and with provisions, they started for California, but unfortunately, having lost the most of their oxen, he was obliged to walk the last 150 miles to Honey Lake Valley. After spending some seven years in California and Oregon he returned to this county by the Pony Express in 1866. He was united in marriage on the 24th day of December, 1867, with Mrs. Sarah Best, the widow of Joseph Best. Mrs. Grimes is a native of North Carolina, born on the iith day of March, 1843. Mr. Grimes' farm con- sists of 260 acres. He is a member of the Masonic order, and both he and his wife are members of the Lebanon Baptist Church. Their family circle consists of two children : Fannie and John E.; lost one son, Charles T. Mrs. Grimes has three children by a former marriage : Laura J., Albert and Joseph H. The mother of Mrs. Grimes, who is eighty-four years of age, finds a pleasant home with her children. THOMAS B. HOLT, farmer and stock raiser, section 32, post office Stewartsville, was born in Clearfield County, Pennsylvania, February 16, 1834, and was reared on a farm in his native county, where he received his primary education. After attaining to the age of twenty-one years, he entered the Pine Grove Academy of Center County, Pennsylvania, which institution he attended for five years, teaching during the vacations. He then taught in Pennsylvania for about five years, when he became engaged in the lumber business, and in 1865 he went to the oil regions of Pennsylvania, where he embarked in oil speculation. In a short time he found himself in Denver City, Colorado, with but five dollars in his possession. Shortly afterward he came to Clinton County, Missouri, and in connection with farming was engaged in teaching for ten years. He now has a farm of 180 acres, all of which is well improved. Mr. Holt was married March 5, 1871, to Miss Nancy J. McCrosky. She was born in Greenup County, Kentucky. They have five children, Wm. B., David VV., Hugh, Edward and Charles. J. I. HUDSON, section 16, post office Stewartsville, is a native of Wilkes County, North Carolina, and was born on the iSth tlay of October, 1831. He was 212 BIOGRAPHICAL. .reared in Lee County, Virginia, remaining on the farm with his parents until the age of twenty years, having received a common school edu- cation. In 1841, he moved to Platte City, Platte County, Missouri, and for four years devoted his time to farming. In 1845, he moved to Rich- ardson County, Nebraska, and gave his entire attention to the ferrj' busi- ness, at St. Stephens, on the Missouri River, in 1857 returning to Platte County, Missouri. For four and one-half years he was in the employ of Stephen Johnson, a merchant at Platte City, and attended to all outside business such as the selling of real estate, stock, etc. After leaving the above named firm, Mr. H. devoted his attention to farming, and in 1862, he came to Clinton County, Missouri. He was united in marriage, on the 9th day of October, 1862, to Miss Sarah Delaney, a native of Lincoln County, Kentucky. She was born on the 30th day of January, 1S42. Mr. Hudson is now general agent for the Williams Washer. He and his wife are both members of the Christian Church. JOHN W. JONES, farmer and raiser of thoroughbred stock, section 5, post office Stewarts- ville. Among the many substantial agriculturists and successful stock raisers, who have contributed much to the reputation of Clinton County, and one deserving of special notice, is the subject of this sketch. He was born in Fauquier County, Virginia, November 23, 1832, and when seven years of age, came with his parents to Platte County, Missouri. He was reared on a farm, and received a common school education. After the death of his parents, he lived with his grand parents until 1852, and then took the management of a plantation belonging to an aunt, and in 1856, he rented a large farm, and devoted his entire attention to rais- ing hemp, grain and stock, and in 1858, he removed to Clinton County, and settled on his present farm, which he had purchased the fall previ- ous. His farm is one of the best stock farms in the county, containing 240 acres, di\'ided by a living hedge into seventeen fields, well watered. His buildings are far above the average. Beside a good dwelling and two barns, he has shelter for T,ooo head of sheep. During the late war his sympathies were with the South, but he took no active part in the contest. He was married January 31, i860, to Miss Mary E. Wylie, a native of Licking County, Kentuck}'. She was born in the year 1839. They have five children living: Anna E., born October 3, 1861 ; Mary Virginia, born February 13, 1865; Leila A., born June 16, 1869; Arthur T., born February 12, 1874; Allen W., born August 6, 1878. Lost three : Scott W., born October i8, 1863, died in November, 1863; Lewis L., born March 18, 1867, died June 20, 1871 ; Mattie A. ,born Jan- uary 8, 1872, died March 8, 1877. l.A lANTTlK lOWNSIlll'. 213 MRS. MARGARET McDANIEL, section 28, post office Stewartsville, was born in Orange County, North Carolina, November 5, 1809, her maiden name being Wilkinson. She was raised to womanhood in her native county, and w^as there married September 28, 183 1, to John R. McDaniel. He was also born in the same county, and there grew up. In 1841, the)- moved to Missouri and located in Clay County, where they resided for two years, and then set- tled in Clinton County, where Mr. McD. resided till the time of his demise. May 10, i860. They had a family of ten children, five of whom are now living: Jane (now Mrs. Saunders,) born March 8, 1840; Nancy E, (now Mrs. Laffoon), born December 28, 1841 ; Belle (now Mrs. Pickett), born August 31, 1849; William N., born October 8, 1847; and John J., born March 6, 1852. Since the death of Mr. McDaniel his son, William N., has taken charge of the farm, he being the only child now at home. The estate embraces 115 acres of choice land. C. C. PERKINS, farmer and stock raiser, section 21, post office Plattsburg, is a native of Madison County, Kentucky, and was born on the i6th day of March, 1831, on a farm. He received a common school education, and in 1839, with his parents, he moved to Clay County, Missouri, locating near Lib- erty. He subsequently moved to this county and soon commenced giv- ing his whole attention to farming and the raising of stock. In 1855, he crossed the plains to Denver, occupj-ing the position of bull-whacker, and returned the followijig fall. He was united in marriage in 1865 to Miss Etha Hickman, a native of Kentuck\-, born May 1*8, 1844. They have five children, Pearle, Josephine, J. J., Archibald, and Mary. Mr. and Mrs. Perkins are both members of the Christian Church. W. H. PRICE, farmer and stock raiser, section 22, post office Gower, is a nati\e o North Carolina, having been born in Caswell County on the 4thof Octo her, 1S30. With his parents, he moved to Woodville, Platte County, Missouri, in May, 1844, and assisted his parents in opening up the farm In March, 1846, he moved to Clinton County, and settled near the place where he now resides. He was united in marriage, September 2, 1852 with Miss Francis Simes, a native of Clay County, Missouri, born Apri! 14. 1829. She died on the 13th day of July. 1870. Seven children were the result of this Union : Elizabeth, Florence, Minnie, Richard S., Benja^ min, Emmet and Ernest. Mr. Price was agaig married January 3, 1872 to Miss E. Saunders, a native of Clinton County, Missouri, born on the 214 HlOGKAPHICAl,. i6th daj' of September, 1840. By this union their famil\- consisted of L. T., Henrietta, David M. (deceased), and Ira W. Mr. Price's farm consists of 240 acres of well improved land. Both he and his wife are members of the Baptist Church. C. S. RAY, farmer and stock raiser, section 22, post office Gower. This popular fellow citizen, who, for over a quarter of a century, has labored for the best interests of Clinton County, is a native of Randolph Count}-, North Carolina, and was born January 13, 1830. His father, Mark, was also a native of North CaroHna, and emigrated, with his family, to Missouri, in 1842, locating on Rock House Prairie, Buchanan Count}'. The subject of this sketch was here raised and educated. In 1850, he went to Cali- fornia, engaged in mining, and returned in 1834. The same year, he bought a farm in Clinton County, and located on the same, which he has since occupied. His landed estate consists of 346 acres in Clinton County, and about lOO acres in Buchanan County. In stock raising and feeding, which he makes a specialty, his business will compare favorably with any in the township. In 1854, Miss P. J. Deer, of Buchanan County, became his wife. The}- ha\'e six children : Albert, Joshua, Edward, Mollie, Claude and Lulu. Himself and famih- are members of the M. E. Church South. JOSHUA RAY, farmer and stock raiser, post office Gower. This enterprising young gentleman is a son of Mr. C. S. Ra}-, and was born in Clinton Count}-, in 1858. He was raised and educated in this county. His estate consists of 104 acres, seventy-five in Clinton and the balance in Buchanan County. His residence is in Buchanan County, close to the Clinton County line. In 1879, he married Miss Mary E. Cook, of DeKalb County. EMSLEY ROSE, farmer and stock raiser, section 14, post office Gower, the subject of this sketch, one of the oldest settlers of Clinton County, is a native of Har- rison County, Indiana, and was born on the 14th of November, 1815, and with his parents came to Missouri in 1820. He settled in Clay County, some six miles east of what is now Liberty, and received a com- mon school education. He afterward mo\ed to Camden Point, Platte Count}-, in 1837, and remained in that locality till his marriage on the nth day of January, 1844, to Miss Eliza Price. She was a native of North Carolina, and was «born on the 19th of Januar}', 1819, and with her parents came to Missouri in 1S43, and settled in Platte County. Mr. LA lAVKTTK TOWNSIIII' 21$ Rose came to Clinton County, and settled at his present residence in 1S44. His landed interest now embraces 340 acres of well improved land, which was purchased from the government at $1.25 per acre. Mr. and Mrs. Rose have nine children : Mary E., Sarah A., Victoria, William P., Mary Cameron, J. C. (deceased), Elvira, Vercena C, Emsley L., Edwin Lee. Dr. H, p. SANDERS, section t,^, post office Stewartsville, is one who has been closely asso- ciated with the medical fraternity of Clinton and the adjoining counties. He is a native of Monticello, Wayne County, Kentucky, where he was born September 22, 1810. He was raised and educated in that state, and in 1835, commenced the study of medicine in the office of Dr. Jesse Sweeny, of Monticello, a prominent practitioner of that section. With him he continued for three years, and afterwards read medicine with Dr.^. Fleece and Neisinger, of Danville, Kentucky, commencing to prac- tice at Liberty, Casey County, Kentucky. In 1840, he removed to Crab Orchard, Kentucky, there remaining until 1859, when he emigrated to Missouri, locating in Clinton County, where he has since been a resident. Dr. Sanders has attained more than a local reputation in the medical world. His career in Clinton Count)- has been a successful one, and his judgment is frequently called into requisition in critical cases. He has an excellent library, is a close student, and is a pleasant gentleman and a fluent conversationalist. In 1880, he was the choice of the people of Clinton County for the office of coroner and was elected by a large majority. The Dr. has a fine farm under a high state of cultivation. He was married at Crab Orchard, Kentucky, to Miss Mary E. Burch. She was born September i, 1821. The}- have had si.\ children, Sarah E., Julia M., James F., William B., Maggie C, and Charles J, Mrs. Sanders died August 22, 1870. William B. is one of Gower's prominent business men, having been in the drug trade at that place for several jears. The doctor is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and belongs to Gower lodge. Himself and famil\- are members of the Baptist Church. REV. D. G. SAUXDERS, pastor of the Baptist Church, was born in Clinton County, Missouri, March 4, 1843. He received his education in his native county, and at Stewartsville. Being brought up on a farm, he followed that occu]5ation till 1S65, when he embarked in the mercantile trade at Starfield, which bus- iness he pursued for four j-ears. He returned to his farm, and, in 1872, entered the ministry, in which he has since been actively engaged. He united with the church in the year 1862, and was baptized by the late Rev. 2l6 BIOGRAPHICAL. James D. Black, of Kentucky. He was married by the same g^entlemaii, July 30, 1861, to Miss Sarah J. McDaniel, of North Carolina. She was born March 4, 1840. They have had ten children, seven of whom are novi' living : Robert P., Joseph N., Ida, Cora, Berry W., Anna and Dora. Mr. S.'s father, Robert H. Saunders, now deceased, was a native of Vir- ginia, and was born in Bedford County, March 3, 1814. In 1838, he came to Missouri, and soon after located in Clinton County. September 26, 1839, he was married to Miss Sallie E. McGill. He was a member of the Baptist Church, and deacon of the same at the time of his demise, July 22, 1866. He had a family of seven children, six of whom are liv- ing: Elvira, Daniel G., Robert P., Martha J., Sultana and Henry W. Mrs. Saunders, who now resides on the farm, was born in Howard County, Missouri, October 6, 1818. When three years of age, she went to Clay County, Missouri, and subsequently to this county. JOHN F. SWOPE, farmer, stock raiser and feeder, section 16, post office Plattsburg. Among the prominent and successful farmers of Clinton County, is the subject of this sketch. He is a native of Boone County, Missouri, and was born on the 8th day of February, 1832. At the age of five years he, with his parents, moved to Platte County, Missouri, remaining there until 1849, when he went to California. In 1S53, he returned to his former home in Platte County, and resumed the life of a farmer. On the third day of February, 1853, he was united in marriage to Miss L. A. Mun, a native of Buckingham County, Virginia. She came to Missouri with her parents in 1844. Mr. and Mrs. S. came to this county in 1855, and settled near their present residence, which now consists of 440 acres of improved land, surrounded and subdivided by osage hedge fences. They have a family of seven children : J. L., C. T., William H., Alice G., James A., Annie E., Francis H. They are members of the Missionary Baptist Church. BARNARD WARD, farmer, section 19, post office Stewartsville, is a native of Pennsylvania, and was born in Northampton County, April 21, 1820. He has followed farming from boyhood. In 1839, he moved to Adams County, Illinois, where he remained till 1870, when he came to his present location. He now has a good farm of over 316 acres, well improved, and he is con- sidered to be one oi the most successful farmers in the county. His wife, also, has a farm of seventy-seven acres. He was married April 15, 1845, to Miss Ann Limb, a native of England, They have three children : Joseph H., George, and Mary A. LA FAVETTE TOW.VSriir. 21/ JAMES \V. WATSON. farmer, section 30. post office Stewartsville, was born in Bond County, Illinois, January 12, 1848, and when two years of age his parents moved to Missouri and located in Clinton County, where he has since resided, except two seasons, during which time he was engaged in freighting on the plains. He has followed farming from boyhood, and now has a farm of 210 acres of improved land. Mr. \V. was married November 13, 1873, to Miss Kansas Hoggatt, who was born in Knox County, Illinois, Sep- tember 9, 1855. They have two children : Charley E., and Jessie L. \V. C. WILKINSON. farmer and stock dealer, section 28, post office Stewartsville, is a native of North Carolina, and was born in Orange County. December 25, 1829. When ten years of age his parents moved to Clay County, Missouri, and in one year located in Clinton County. He has followed farming from boyhood, and now has a farm containing twenty-two acres, all of which is well improved, he having between five and six miles of hedge fence. He also has 400 acres of land in DeKalb County, which he uses as a stock farm. Mr. W. was married August 27, 1857, to Miss Sophia Clause. She was born in Mason County, Kentucky, in the year 1839. They have four children : Netta, William F., Katie B. and Luella. JAMES A. WILKINSON, farmer and stock dealer, section 29, post office Stewartsville. The sub- ject of this sketch was born, reared and has, with the exception of a short time, always lived in Clinton County, Missouri. The date of his birth was April 15, 1842. He has followed farming the principal part of his life. In 1861, he enlisted in the Confederate service, in Company I, of Hughes' regiment, and remained in the service for two years, six months of the time being held as prisoner. In 1865, he went to Mon- tana, where he was engaged in freighting for nearly three years. During 1S75-6, Mr. W. was engaged in the mercantile trade at Stewartsville. His landed estate consists of 360 acres. He was married February 9, 186S, to Miss Sue E. Pickett, of DeKalb County, Missouri. She died in the year 1876, leaving three children, onC of whom is living — Annie. He was again married March 15, 1877, to Mrs. Mary Eulreken, of MissoLiri. Her maiden name was Krews. They have one child — Josie. NELSON WILLIAMS, farmer, and patentee and manufacturer of the Williams' Eureka Wash- ing Machine, section 17, post office Stewartsville. is a native of Fleming 218 BIOGKAPHICAI,. County, Kentucky, and was born March 2i, 1829, and was reared and educated in his native state, ilis early life was that of a farmer boy. In 185 1, he emigrated to Missouri and settled in Liberty, Clay Count)', and worked at the trade of carpenter and cabinet maker. He was mar- ried June 19, 185 I, to Elizabeth DeMoss. In 1857, he removed to Clinton County and settled in Plattsburg, where he lived three years. Mrs. Williams died January 29, 1859, leaving one son, Thomas. In i860, he removed to Platte County. He was again married April 3, 1861, to Malinda Bailey, a native of Virginia. The same year he changed his residence to Leavenworth, and, after residing there fourteen months, returned to Platte County, where he lived two years, and then, once more, made his home in Clinton County, and settled where he now lives. His farm contains forty acres of good land, well improved. He has, by his second marriage, four children : Anna F., Andrew J., Sarah J., and Charles J. Mr. and Mrs. Williams are members of the Christian Church. During the present year Mr. Williams has invented a washing machine, which, for simplicity, durability, utility. and economy, is unequaled by an)- machine in use, coming as it does within the means of all. J. T. WOOD. The subject of this sketch is a man of high moral standing, of an indus- trious disposition, and one constantly devoting his time to the interest of his business. He is a native of Reynolds County, Missouri, and was born on a farm on the i ith day of May, 1855. He there resided, assist- ing his parents in tilling the soil, his education being completed under the tutorship of Professor N. G. Jacks. At the age of twenty years he went to Grayson County, Texas, and spent about thirteen months traveling through Texas, the Indian Territory and Kansas, returning to his home in 1S75. The following fall he moved to Platte County, locating near Platte Cit)-, where he remained some three years pursuing the occupa- tion of a farmer. In 1879 'le visited his parents in Reynolds Count)-, and spent the winter in fox and deer hunting. The following spring he returned to his place of business in Platte County, there continuing until September to, 1880, when he closed out and returned to the old home- stead and took charge of his father's farm and stock. He is now doing a thriving business, and bids fair to become one of Re)-nolds County's most prominent and wealth)- citizens. • ^^2/^'''"'VMJ5)"' CITY OF STEWARTSVILLE. GAINES ADAMS, constable and revenue collector of Washington Township, DeKalb, County is a native of Kentuck}-, and was born in Pulaski Countj-, January 28. 1836. He was reared in his native county, and came to Missouri in 1856, remaining a citizen of Platte County till 1857, when he came to DeKalb County. In 1852, he enlisted in the Federal service, in the Fourth Missouri Cavalrj-, with which he remained till the close of the \\ar. serving as sergeant and sergeant major. During the last six months he was dispatch carrier for Governor Fletcher. After the close of the war. Mr. A. returned home, and, in the year 1868, was appointed as dep- ut\- sheriff of DeKalb County, holding the position two years. He was then elected constable of Washington Township, which office he has since continued to hold. In the spring of 1881, he was elected revenue collector of the same township. He now has a farm of eighty acres, in DeKalb County, and is to some extent engaged in the stock business. He was married, January i, 1866, to Miss Rachel McW^illiams. She was born in Platte County, Missouri, October 24, 1844, and died October 4, 1S77. They had a family of seven children, five boys and two girls: Cynthia. John C. William C. George H., James. W. T. and Rachel. J. W. ANDERSON, of the firm of Anderson & Deppen, grocers and proprietors of meat market, was born in Hardin County. Kentucky. August 19. 184.0, and in 1850, with his parents, he moved to DeKalb County, Missouri, where he was raised and educated. In February, 1873. he moved to Stewartsville, and since that time he has been engaged in the grocery business. November 19, 1864. he enlisted in the Federal service. Company I, Twenty-first Missouri Infantry, and remained in service until the close of the war. Mr. A. was married October i, 1 861, to Miss Mary A. Snethen. She was born in Kenton County, Kentucky, March 7. 1842. They have eight children : Malcom P.. Emerv L-, W'm. D., Emma M., Leona A., Charles O., James B., and one infant. 220 BIOGRAPHICAL. W. H. BROWN, one of the firm of McCrosky & Brown, stock dealers, and also of the firm of Brown & Ardery, feeders and dealers, is a native of Kentucky, and was born in Mason County, December 12, 1846. In 1856, his parents moved to Clinton County, Missouri, where he was reared and educated. He supplemented his early schooling by a course at the Platte City Academy. October 14, 1865, Mr. Brown was married to Miss Delia Ardery. She was born in Bourbon County, Kentucky, September 23, 1852. After his marriage he moved to DeKalb County, Missouri. He has followed the stock business during life, and is now one of the leading stock dealers and feeders of this vicinity. His landed estate consists of 300 acres, all of which he uses for stock purposes. LIEUTENANT COLONEL HARVEY SMITH BUCK. Among the representative citizens of Clinton County is Colonel, or, as he is familiarly styled, "Captain" Harvey Smith Buck, widely known as a popular banker of the town of Stewartsville, in DeKalb County, just across the line from Clinton County, where most of his landed possessions lie. He was born in Gouverneur, Saint Lawrence County, New York, in 1838. His parents, Roger and Patty Maria Buck, moved from New York to Brown County, Illinois, where, in 185 1, his father died, leaving a widow, three sons and four daughters, Harvey, then thirteen years of age, being the oldest son. After his father's death he was sent to Augusta, Illinois, to live with John B. Compton, a merchant, and hus- band of his oldest sister, Elizabeth, where he remained several years, acquiring a knowledge of mercantile business. He was then sent to Galesburg, Illinois, and matriculated in Knox College, remaining there until he had exhausted the means saved in Augusta. Left to work his own way in life, without any means but the knowledge he had acquired in the store, the partial education obtained in school, a stout hand and a willing spirit, he, at the age of eighteen, began the battle which he ha^ so successfully fought. He first sought a subordinate position in a store, but finding no situation that suited him, he determined to embark in business for himself, though absolutely without means. Securing the endorsements of the leading merchants of Augusta as to his integ- rity and business habits, he borrowed $1.50 to pay railroad fare, proceed to Quincy, Illinois, and bought, on credit, a small stock of drugs, books and notions. Assisted by Dr. Ellis, a physician of Augusta, he soon became a competent druggist, and by the correctness of his busi- ness habits succeeded in securing a large patronage. At the breaking out of the war, his business in the line of general merchandise was recognized as one of the largest and mosc prosperous in the place. In ^ m ^^^ ^ \^^ ^ l:/ CITY or STEWARTSVlI.l.i;. 221 1861, obeying the call of his country, he turned his business over to his head clerk, to whom he gave an interest in the profits, and with fifteen associates proceeded to Quincy, where he enlisted underCaptain Sterling V. Delano, a prominent lawyer of that city, who was organizing a com- panj- of dragoons, afterward assigned to the Second Illinois Cavalry. This company was detailed as an escort to General B. M. Prentiss, who was soon relieved by General U. S. Grant, and the command proceeded to Cairo, Illinois. Shortly after this he was promoted to the position of clerk at General Grant's headquarters, where he remained until the battle of Shiloh, and, for gallant services rendered to General Grant as bearer of dispatches, etc., at the battles of Fort Donaldson and Shiloh, he was recommended for promotion to Governor Richard Vates. Although personally a stranger to Colonel Thomas J. Kinney, who had just organ- ized the 119th Illinois Infantry Regiment, that officer, on the strength of his reputation for courage and ability, requested Governor Yates to commission Mv. Buck adjutant of his regiment, which was accordingly done. He was thus the first clerk at General Grant's headquarters who received a commission. He was with this regiment through all its cam- paigns in Kentucky, Tennessee, and Mississippi under General A. J. Smith, who commanded the Sixteenth Army Corps, and with General Banks in his Red Ri\er expedition. He served in fourteen engagements, in most of which he commanded the left wing of the regiment, the colonel being frequently in command of the brigade. In two hot engagements he commanded the regiment, the superior officers being absent or wounded. During the last battle at Nashville, December 15th and i6th, 1864, he performed some of the most daring feats of the war. In one instance, at a critical point, when his regiment was wavering before a storm of shot and shell from two six-gun batteries, he volunta- rily headed the charge, and by his consummate skill and determined bravery, succeeded in inspiring his men to renewed effort, which resulted, after a desperate hand to hand conflict, in the capture of the guns. For this achievement he was unanimously elected by both officers and men to be major of the regiment, and strongly recommended to Generals A. J. Smith and George H. Thomas for gallant and meritorious conduct on the battlefield. Shortly after this, his regiment being trans- ferred to New Orleans, he was detailed on General Canby's staff In the spring of 1S65, he was commissioned by the war department captain' in the subsistence department, and assigned as above stated. He dis- charged the onerous duties of his ])osition with marked ability until the fall of 1865, when he went to Washington and was mustered out of the service. He then spent considerable time in traveling over the United States, visiting all points of special interest, and observing the habits and customs of the people. In the spring of 1866, he moved to Clinton Count}-, Missouri, where he improved what is known as the Maple Ave- ?22 BIOGRAPHICAL. nue farm, a highly adorned tract of 640 acres. Completing his work, he moved to Stewartsville, DeKalb County, and again engaged in mercan- tile pursuits. In 1875, in connection with Franklin Finch and William D. Totten, he established a bank in Stewartsville, which enterprise has added largely to the business facilities of the county, and ranks high as a safe and reliable institution. Of this bank he is now sole proprietor. His landed interests are extensive, including three large farms which he owns in Clinton County. One of these includes 640 acres, another 240 acres, and a third of 170 acres. He owns, besides, a fine farm of 320 acres in DeKalb County. These are stocked with about 380 head of cattle, 300 head of hogs, besides sheep, horses and other stock. The chief product of his farms is hay ; live stock being the chief yield for market. He is an active worker and has, by his own efforts, accomplished much in pro- moting the general interests of Northwest Missouri, where he is held in universal esteem. Much of the proverbial prosperity of Stewartsville is due to the active and energetic efforts of " Captain " Buck, as he is still called, while in reality he ranks as lieutenant colonel. Through his man- agement, old fabrics have been torn down, streets widened and new ones located. His residence is among the finest in the place, and through his untiring energy the town has grown from a small village to the propor- tions of a city of the fourth class, of which he is (1881) the mayor. Called upon to take the lead in all public and private enterprises, he is now at work with a determination of securing to Stewartsville, a point in the Saint Joseph & Eastern Railroad, about to be constructed from Saint Joseph to a point on the Wabash, Saint Louis & Pacific Rail- way. On the organization of the militia of the state, in 1867, he was appointed lieutenant colonel of the Thirty-eighth Regiment of Missouri State Militia. He united with the Masonic order, in Augusta, Illinois, and is an active member of the Chapter, Council and Commandery. He has served three successive terms as High Priest of Russell Royal Arch Chapter No. JJ, of Stewartsville. In politics, he has always been a staunch Republican. He was married January 18, 1866, to Miss Louisa Lewis, daughter of Judge William Lewis, of Brooklyn, Schuyler County, Illinois. They have (1881) four children : Frank, aged ten years, Dell, aged eight years, George, aged five years, and Pearl, aged three years. Colonel Buck's habits have ever been strictly temperate, the only stimulant in which he indulges being tobacco, and that in a moder- ate degree. DR. J. C. BYNUM, a prominent and successful physician and surgeon of Stewartsville, is a native of Alabama, having been born in DeKalb County, on the 6th of December, 1847. In 1S50, he was brought by his parents to Missouri, they locating near St. Joseph, in Buchanan County, where he remained CITY OF STEWAKTSVILl.E. 223 until the following October. He then moved to Ripley, Mississippi, made his home there for one year, and soon after returned to St. Joseph. He was etlucated in the common schools of this district, afterwards sup- plementing it by a course in the college of Springfield, Missouri. For some time he lived in the country, six miles east of St. Joseph, and in the spring of 1856, went to Texas. Upon his return, he located at Springfield, Missouri, in the spring of 1857, and in 1858, again moved to Buchanan County. In 1866, Dr. Bynum took a trip, the second time, to Texas, returning to Clinton County in 1867. Having made choice of the practice of medicine as his profession, he commenced its stud-y in 1867, under the tutorship of Dr. P. H. Hereford, of Easton. He was an attend- ant of lectures at the St. Louis Medical College, for one full course and a part of another. In October, 1868, he commenced the practice of his chosen profession in Buchanan county, there continuing until January, 1876, when he moved to Clinton County. Dr. Bynum further fitted him- self for his calling, by attending the St. Joseph College of Physicians and Surgeons, during the session of 1879-80, graduating at its close. In the fall of 1880, he located at Stewartsville, where he has since continued to practice, and with no small degree of success. He makes a specialty of the diseases of women. Dr. Bynum found a wife in the person of Miss Bettie Whitson, whom he married June 5, 1873. Mrs. B. is a native of Buchanan County, Missouri, and was born September 14, 1S53. They have two children: Ella, born at Matney Mills, June 20, 1875, and John C, born at Starfield, August 17, 1877. In the spring of 1873, Dr. B. joined Agency Lodge \o. 10. He was e.xalted to the Royal Arch degree, in Russell Royal Arch Chapter No. ■/■], in the fall of 1881. BENJAMIN F. AND WILLIAM T. CLARK, (twins), are natives of Indiana, and were born in Hancock Count)', May 7, i860. March 10, 1865, they moved with their parents to DeKalb County, Missouri, where the latter now resides. Their father's family consists of ten boys and five girls — five of each are now living. The resemblance of the two used as the subject of this sketch was so close that when they were quite young it was necessary to place a different colored string of beads around their necks. Their appearance and actions were very much the same, and rendered it most difficult to tell them apart. They were educated in the schools of DeKalb County, and have never been parted for any great period of time worth mentioning. From May, 1878, till July, 1879, K. F. acted as Deputy County Clerk of DeKalb County, Missouri, and August 27, 1879, he took charge of the store as one of the 'firm of Clark & Son, druggists, in which he has met with great success. Being an accommodating and a pleasant business man, he finds numerous patrons. March 26, 1878, VV. T. came to Stew- 224 BIOGRAPHICAL. artsville and accepted a position in the drug store of W. A. Clark, his , uncle, and which is now the store known as Clark & Son. He continued as clerk in the same till March 26, 1879, when he was given the position of bookkeeper in the Stewartsville Bank, in which institution he has since been employed, and in which he is now cashier. A. J. CULBERTSON, M. D. dealer in general merchandise, is a native of North Carolina, and was born in Wake County, July 4, 1840. While an infant, his parents moved to Clay County, Missouri, where, in a short time, they died. A. J. was then taken to Gentry County, where he was reared. He was partly educated in that county, and, in 1859, he came to Stewartsville, where he attended Stewartsville College for one year. He followed teaching in Clinton, DeKalb and Gentry Counties for some length of time. In 1862, he enlisted in the enrolled militia, and for one year was hospital steward at St. Joseph. He was then made lieutenant, and in the sum- mer of 1864, he re-enlisted in Company C, Forty-third United States Infantry, and served as lieutenant till the close of the war, when he returned to Stewartsville. Having previously prepared himself for the medical profession, he began in the practice of his profession, and in the drug business. He continued the latter till 1876, when he com- menced in his present business. He also continued the practice of medi- cine till 1879. Being the fortunate possessor of a host of acquaintances, he commands a large and lucrative patronage. Dr. C. was married in the year 1862, to Miss Mary Barnes, of Indiana, who was born in October, 1837. She died May 8, 1868. They had two children, both of whom are now deceased. He was again married October 4, 1869, to Miss N. Valdenear, of Missouri. She was born in the year 1852. Dr. C. is a Mason and a member of Stewartsville Lodge No. 182, and Rus- sell Royal Arch Chapter, No. "J"]. He also belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fello'ws and is a member of Stewartsville Lodge, No. 137. P. H. DEPPEN, of the firm of Anderson & Deppen, grocers and proprietors of a meat market, was born in Stark County, Ohio, February 16, 1838. He was reared on a farm, in his native county, and, in 1862, enlisted in Company B, 104th Ohio Infantry, remaining in service for eight months. He was then discharged on account of disability, and afterwards returned home, and joined the national guards, acting as second lieutenant for one year. In 1864. he moved to Buchanan County, Missouri, and located on a farm, and, in 1870, he moved to Stewartsville, where he has since prin- cipall)^ been engaged in the mercantile trade. He was married, in Sep- CITV OK STEWARTSVILLE. 22$ tembcr, 1863, to Miss Catherine Bair. She was born in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, in September, 1843. They have four children: Alice A., Otto E., Campbell and Bertha. SAMUEL DeVALL, merchant tailor. The subject of this sketch is a native of Entjland, and was born June 3, 1844, in the town of Leominster, in County Hereford. He received his literary knowledge in the British schools of his native town, which afforded him the advantage of a classical education. His father established a hat manufactory in the town of Leominster, in the year 1S48, which he continues to operate. Samuel, until thirteen years of age, assisted his father in that business. He then was employed as clerk in a drug store for one year, when, having an anxiety to learn a trade, he at once began as an apprentice to the tailor's trade, serving as such for five years. In the year 1863, he went to the town of Burton- on-Trent, where he followed his trade one year, and from that time till 1866 was engaged at the same in Birmingham. In 1866, he estab- lished himself in the merchant tailoring business in the town of Rugby, in County Stafford, with his uncle, Thomas DeVall, as a partner, and con- tinued the same till 1869. In 1866, he enlited in the British Volunteers, and, in 1868, was elected section officer, or special constable, acting in this important position during the Fenian excitement. Resigning in the spring of 1869, he then emigrated to America. Before leaving England, he was married to Miss Sue Harvey, a native of that land, and who was born in County Stafford, December 7, 185 1. At the time above men- tioned they crossed the ocean, landing at Castle Garden. New York, and at once came to St. Joseph. Missouri, where they remained a short time, there becoming further familiarized with the ways and customs of the American people. After this, they located in Stcwartsville, the point chosen as their home before leaving England. At the time of his arrival at Stewartsville. Mr. D. possessed a small amount of means, and has since adhered strictly to his occupation, and is now considered one of the leading citizens of the town. He has recently erected on North Main Street a business house, and dwelling in connection, which adds much to the appearance of that locality. At any time he may be found at his place of business, ready to supply the wants of the people in his line of trade. The family of Mr. and Mrs. DeVall consists of five chil- dren; Leila, Samuel, Edward C, James A. and Owen L. CHARLES L. FOWLER was born in Uniontown, Fayette Count)', Pennsylvania, September 30, 1840. and after an education, finished in Madison College, of that place. 226 BIOGRAPHICAL. learned the printing trade in the office of the Genius of Liberty, a paper still published in that town, in its seventy-seventh year, without missing a number. He came west directly after serving his apprenticeship, and rambled over the country, drinking in its beauties and storing up a fund of knowledge of men and things, only obtained by closest observation. He crossed the plains in "bull-whacking" times, stopping for brief sea- sons in Colorado, Nevada, Montana, Idaho and Utah, and crossing the mountains to California, traversed the wilds of Oregon and Washington, when "Injun meal" was about the only sign of civilization in that region. When "Sumpter was fired upon" Muscatine, Iowa, claimed him as a citizen, and he left one of its daily newspaper offices for the field as acting drum major of the First Iowa Regiment of Infantry. He served with that regiment during its campaign with General Lyon and else- where, and during that time wrote several "soldier songs" that were sung by every camp fire in the West and South. In the month of May, 1877, he brought out the first number of the Stewartsville Independent, of which he is still sole owner and editor. This was a somewhat haz- ardous venture, as Stewartsville had been the scene of a half dozen news- paper failures, in all of which the citizens had been sufferers, as they had advanced the capital for the purchase of the material, etc. Mr. Fowler asked no donations, brought his entire printing outfit with him, and started his paper upon the principles which govern all legitimate busi- ness. By its merit alone it has succeeded, and that it has succeeded is evidenced by its exceedingly healthy advertising patronage and sub- stantial subscription list. A writer of unusual force, terse, sharp, pointed, brilliant, and at the same time cultured and refined, Mr. Fowler's edito- rials are the household treasures of a large number of weekly readers in the best families in Northwest Missouri. In June, 1879, he became a member of Stewartsville Lodge, No. 182, A. F. & A. M., and in Decem- ber following, was elected its Secretary, which position he still holds. As actor, author, soldier, poet and journalist, his has been an e\'entful life, and one upon which no spot of dishonor or dishonesty has ever found a resting place. His earnestness of purpose has served him in all countries and among all people, and he hopes to lay down the armor in the end with the knowledge that, he did what his conscience admonished was the best in all things. THOMAS G. McCROSKY was born in Greenup, now Boyd County, Kentucky, October 18, 1849. He is the youngest of a family of three children. The two elder, who were daughters, died before the birth of their brother. The father of the subject of this sketch was James D. McCrosky, and his grandfather, John McCrosky. They both moved from Rockbridge County, Virginia, CITV OK STKW AKIS\II,LE. 23/ and settled in Greenup Count)-, Kcntuck)-, in 1813. The niaitlen name of his mother was Flora Canterbur)'. She was a native of Kentuck)-. The McCrosky family are of Scotch-Irish extraction, and are numbered with the earliest settlers of Virginia. Thomas G. McCrosky was raised on a farm and educated in the public schools of his neighborhood till the spring of 1857, when he left Kentuck\- with his parents, and moved to Daviess County, Missouri, where he remained engaged in farming three years. In the spring of i860, he moved with his parents to Stewarts- ville, where he attended the college presided over by Professor Sum- mers, and now (1881) conducted by Prof. W. O. H. Perry. In 1864, he moved to a farm on which he lived till 1868. He then engaged as a clerk for the mercantile firm of Sanders & Snow, composed of Daniel Sanders and J. H. Snow. Some time after he embarked in business on his own account in the family grocery trade. At the end of eighteen months of successful business, he turned the concern over to his father. He then took an interest in the house of Sanders, Snow & Co. in Stew- artsville, dealers in general merchandise. He remained in this connec- tion till 1875, having achieved success in his enterprise. He then pur- chased 220 acres of land near Stewartsville, and engaged in farming, stock dealing, etc., shipping extensively. He subsequently added 160 acres to this tract. His farm of 380 acres includes some of the most productive soil in this section of country. Eighty acres of this farm lies in Clinton County. In December, 1870, he was made a Mason in Stew- artsville lodge. No. 182, A., F. & A. M.. In this body of the order he has filled successively every official position up to the rank of worship- ful master, to which latter he was elected in 1S75. In the same year he was exalted in Russell Royal Arch Chapter in Stewartsville and subse- quently filled the office of principal sojourner in the same. In politics Mr. McCrosky has always been a Democrat. He married, October 6, 1874, Miss Belle Wylie, v'oungest daughter of Rev. C. A. VVylie, a min- ister of the Presbyterian Church. His family consists of Bertha, born June 16, 1876; Grace, born April 15, 1878, and Flora, born October 10, 1880. Mr. McCrosky is a liberal minded and public-spirited as well as an enterprising citizen, and stands high in the opinion of all who know him. COL. ORLANl) G. McDONALD, lumber dealer, also real estate agent for the Hannibal & St. Joseph Kail- road Company, is a native of Pennsylvania, aiul was born in Center County, October 23, 1824. When about seven years of age, his parents moved to Philadelphia, where his mother died when he was about eleven years of age. Being almost an orphan boy, he was compelled to work for his own support, and was engaged in various occupations over differ- ent parts of Pennsylvania, till 1841, when he went to Guernsey County, 228 BIOGRAPHICAL. Ohio; where he learned the carpenter trade. This he followed, in that locality, till the spring of 1845, when he went to Tazewell County, niinois, remaining in Peoria, and vicinity, till the fall of 1847, when he went to Plattsburg, Clinton County, Missouri. He was there engaged in various branches of business, having held nearly all of the offices of the county, in that early day, and being the first public administrator of the county. In 1859, Mr. McD. moved to Stewartsville, and began in the mercantile trade, which he continued for some time. He was then chosen as captain of a company of state militia, and was mustered out as lieutenant colonel. From the year 1863 till 1866, he was station agent for the Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad, since which time he has held the land agency for the same company. His time has also been occu- pied in other minor enterprises, and he has, for some time, been in the lumber trade. In 1872, he was elected to the legislature, of which body he was a member for one term. In 1870. he was superintendent of the state registration, and has also held other offices since locating in Stew- artsville. Mr. McDonald has been three times married : First, May i, 1853, to Miss Minerva J. Osborn, of Ohio. She was born July 21, 1837, and died May 8, 1854. June 25, 1857, he married Miss Mary J. Holman, of Missouri. She was born August 25, 1839, and died January 24, 1861. February 25, 1862, Miss Mary P. McGinness, of Missouri, became his wife. MERIAM & HOLMES, photographers. This firm is composed of J. H. Meriam and Moses Holmes. The iormer was born in Canada, August 21, 1838. His parents were residents of Brandon, Vermont. When he was a boy they moved to Saginaw City, Michigan, and when fifteen years of age J. H. went to Canada, where he learned his present business, and which he has since continued to follow. Remaining in Canada till 1869, he then located in Southeastern Kansas, and in the fall of 1878 settled in Stewartsville, Mr. M. was married March 4, 1 861, to Miss Sarah A. Allen, of Wood- stock, Canada. She was born in 1842 and died in 1865. They had one child, Salem. He was again married September 19, 1867, to Mrs. Qui- lesta Donalson, her maiden name being Wilson. She is a native of Maine. He and wife are members of the church of the Latter Day Saints. The junior partner of the firm, Moses Holmes, was born in Wayne County, North Carolina, December i, 1S46. When two years of age his mother and her family moved to Pontotoc County, Mississippi, where Moses remained till 1870, when he went to California, and there remained till December 26, 1877. At that time he came to Stewartsville and since then has been engaged in his present business. CITV OK STEWARTSVILLE. 220) PROFESSOR W. O. H. PKRRV. The subject of tliis sketch is a native of Ohio, and was born in Lake County, February ii, 1S38. When but a child, his parents, Wil- liam C. Perry and t^liza (Brown), moved to Adams County, Illinois, remaining in that and Hancock Counties till he attained the age of eight years, when they moved to Nodaway County, Missouri. There he grew to manhood. His primary education was received at home, with his mother as preceptress. When fifteen years of age, he attended school at Savannah, Andrew Count}-, for onlj'two months. He then taught for a period of six months, and, when eighteen, taught another term of three months, and then en ered the McGee College, where he was a student for a four years' course, graduating in June, i860. In the year 1866, he received a diploma from the same institution as Master of Arts. In the fall of 1859, he was licensed to preach in the Cumberland Presby- terian Church, and was ordained in the fall of 1864, and has, since this time, been actively engaged in the ministry. In 1863, he came to Stew- artsville, and has since conducted his present school, which was known as the Stevvartsville Seminary till April 19, 1879, when a charter was given as a college. He has made additional improvements in the building, and has now an institution which is a credit to the town and vicinity. March 2, 1862, Professor Perry was united in marriage to Miss Lizzie Ozenberger, who was born in Holmes County, Ohio, October 11, 1839. Her parents came to ^lissouri when she was nine years of age. They have had seven children, only two of whom are living, William F. and Arthur E. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., and belongs to Stewartsville Lodge No. .37. ED. G. SHELDON is one of the most successful and prominent merchants and repre- sentative men, not only of Stewartsville, or DeKalb County, but of the great and growing west. He is a native of New York, and was born in Willsborough, Essex County, on the ninth of April, 1848. He spent his youthful days in the district around and about that country, receiving his education in the common schools. In the year 1865, he came to Stewartsville, and has since been engaged in business. A large portion of his landed estate is located in Clinton County, just across the line, his residence also being situated there. Immediately after coming to this place, Mr. Sheldon was engaged in clerking for three years. At the end of that time, he accepted a position as salesman with the well-known drj- goods firm of Chambers, Marney & Co., of St. Joseph, and with them remained until 1875, when he again became a resident of Stewartsville. Having become thoroughly familiarized with this branch of business, while in the employ of others, it was natural that he should continue it 230 BIOGKArHICAL. when commencing for himself, on his own account. Here he has built up a reputation for honesty and fair dealing, that any one might en\y. In connection with his general stock of goods, he keeps a full line of agri- cultural implements, buggies, wind-pumps, etc. ; and his trade, which is an immense one in this vicinit)', extends into- Clay and Ray counties on the south, and on the north to Gentry and Andrew counties. His busi- ness is so large that he is obliged to have in his emploj- about twenty men. His signs and wind-mills are to be viewed b}- all, within a radius of seventy-five miles, in any direction from Stewartsville. Mr. Sheldon was married on the 30th of Jul}-, 187S, to Miss Maggie Saunders, a daughter of the late Daniel Saunders. She was born on the 6th of Jul}-, 1S53, and is a native of Gentry Count}', Missouri. Mr. and Mrs. S. have one child, a daughter, Clara, born February 4, 1880. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, belonging to Stewartsville Lodge No. 182, and also of Ro}-al Arch Chapter No. "/"j. He is an Odd Fellow, and has taken great interest in Stewartsville Lodge No. 37, in which he is a prominent member. Mr. Sheldon's success in life is largely due to the care with which he has watched over the minutest details of business, and the con- stant and close attention he has given to everything connected with his enterprises. His connection with any business transaction is a sure guarantee of its success. JAMES SHEARER, harness maker and speculator, is a native of Missouri, and was born in Clay County, December 18, 1837. When seven years of age, he went to Clinton County, near Plattsburg, where he was reared and educated. When fifteen years of age, he learned the harness maker's trade, in Plattsburg, which he has followed principally during life, working in many towns in the State of Missouri. In 1869, he came to his present location, and, since 1873, has been operating a shop. He also deals extensively in stock, real estate, etc. Mr. Shearer was married, Novem- ber 23, 1869, to Miss Sarah H. Perry, who was born in Hancock County, Illinois. April 16, 1845. Their famil\- consists of three children : James P., George W. and Charles E. Mr. S. is a Mason, and member of Stewartsville Lodge No. 182. R. H. SMITH, physician and surgeon. The subject of this sketch was born in Shelby County, Kentucky, November 21, 18 12. He was reared and educated at Shelbyville, in that count}-, and, in the year 1832, he began the study of medicine. In the spring of 1836, he was graduated from the medical department of Trans}'lvania L^niversit}-, of Lexington, Kentuck\-. He CITV OK STKWARTSVn.I.E. 231 was engaged in the practice of his profession, in his native county, till 1S55, when he moved to DeKalb County, Missouri, and, since that time, has resided near or in Stewartsville. Here he has made the practice of medicine a success. Doctor Smith was married, February, 1842, to Miss Lucinda E. Thurston, who was born in Henry County, Kentucky, in tlic \Lar 1825. She died in 1853. Thc\- had six children, two of whom arc now living, Annie M. and Lucinda I-".. ; both reside in Kentuck)-. L. DUPUY SMITH, druggist, was born in Boon\ille, Cooper County, Missouri, May 22, 1846. When ten \ears of age he, with his parents, moved to St. Joseph, where he was reared and educated. The senior Smith being a promi- nent druggist of that cit)- for many years, L. D., after he attained the age of sixteen, clerked in his father's store till 1867, when he moved to Stewartsville and began in the drug business for himself. Here he has since continued in the same occupation, except in the year 1876. Dur- ing this time he has built up an enviable and successful reputation. He was married October 14, 1869, to Miss M. A. Craig, of Missouri. They have two children, Frank C, and Guy H. Mr. S. is a Mason and mem- ber of Stewartsville Lodge No. 182. He also belongs to the L O. O. F., and is a member of Stewartsville Lodge No. 137. His grandmother on his mother's side is now living in Brookl)-n, New York, and is over ninety years of age. J. H. SNOW, grain and stock dealer. Among the highly respected and most promi- nent citizens of Stewartsville is the subject of this brief biograph)-. He was born in Campbell County, Virginia, June 6, 1836. While he was }et an infant his parents moved to Boyd County, Kentucky, where he was reared on a farm. He was there educated and taught school for a short time, and in 1857 he came to Missouri, making Daviess County his destination. He was there employed in teaching tor three \ears, meeting with a considerable degree of success. The spring of 1861 found him a citizen of Clinton County, Missouri, he having located in La Fayette Township, on section 28, where he now has a farm of 200 acres, which will compare fa\orabl)- with an\- in the count)-, both in quality and improvements. He also has another farm of 100 acres in Clinton County, and considerable property- in Stewartsville. Mr. S. began in life for himself a [loor boy, and what he now possesses is the reward of his own judicious management and labor. In 1867, he moved to Stewartsville and embarked in the mercantile trade, which he continued for seven years, and on account of his failing health was com- 232 BIOGRAPHICAL. pelled to suspend the business for a period. He subsequently resumed the same for three years. Since locating in Stewartsville, Mr. S. has more or less of the time been dealing in stock and grain, in which busi- ness he is at present engaged. He also devotes considerable attention to his farms. He is an active member of the M. E. Church. He was mar- ried January 12, i860, while in Daviess County, Missouri, to Miss Amer- ica J. Williams, a daughter of the late John D. Williams, a well known and representative man of that county. She was born in Greenup County, Kentucky, July 11, 1836. While a child of about seven years of age her parents moved to Daviess County, Missouri, where she was reared and educated. Their family consists of two children, Laura E., born April 9, 1862, and William D., born May 16, 1864. W. C. STAGG. The subject of this sketch has attained the age which but few reach in the present century, and is now more active than an ordinary man at si.xty-five. He was born in Mercer County, Kentucky, September 13, 1 801. He was reared on a farm in his native county, and received his education in the days when the saw mills were scarce in the land, and when the mallet and wedge took the place of the saw ; consequently, hewed logs, split slabs for seats, and greased paper for windows, consti- tuted the school buildings. When seventeen years of age, Mr. S. went to Harrisburg, of his native county, where he learned the cabinet-making trade, serving an apprenticeship of three years. After completing his trade, he worked as a journeyman in different parts of Kentucky for sev- eral years ; afterwards he was engaged in the cabinet business in Harris- burg, Kentucky. In 1834, he moved to Putnam County, Indiana, and located on a farm, and was there occupied in farming till June, 1840, when he drifted westward, and located near Weston, Platte County, Missouri, in what was at that time known as the Platte Purchase. There he improved a farm, and resided upon it till 1855, when he moved to Jefferson County, Kansas, where his time was spent in tilling the soil till 1865. He then returned to Clinton County, Missouri. During his stay in Kansas, he met with great loss on account of the Kansas trouble in 1856. In 1867, he located in Stewartsville, and for the first year was engaged in the grocery business, since which time he has been retired from active business life. In October, 1876, he went to Texas, where he remained three years. Mr. S. was married in the year 1826, to Miss Sarah Keller, a native of Kentucky. She was born in 1803, and died in 1846. Their family consisted of eight children, six of whom are living: Squire, Kate, William, Mary, Ann and Frank H. He was again married in August, 1850, to Mrs. Margaret Finch, who died in January, 1880, CITY OF STEWARTSVILLE. 233 while on a visit in Texas, Mr. Stagg has been a member of the Presby- terian Church for over fifty years, and has always donated liberally to his church. W. M. STIGALL, proprietor of the Palace Drug Store, was born in Randolph County, Missouri, January i8, 1850. He was reared in his native county, and was educated in the Mount Pleasant schools. He then began teaching, and, in the year 1872, moved to DeKalb County, where he was consid- ered one of that county's most successful educators, being, for some time, professor of the Osborn and Stewartsville public schools. May 6, 1879, he began in the drug business, and, in 1881, he erected a new busi- ness building, as a result of which he now has a fine store. He is an Odd Fellow, and member of Stewartsville Lodge No. 137. He was married, April 24, 1873, to Miss Nannie Riggs, the only daughter of A. H. and Caroline Riggs. She was born in Boone County, Missouri, April 17, 1854, and died November 15, 1876. They had one child, born in DeKalb County, January 25, 1874. Mr. Stigall was again married September 6, 1 88 1, to Miss Amanda C. Litzenberg, a daughter of William and Nancy Litzenberg, who now reside in Chillicothe. She was born in Adams County, Illinois, July 6, 1S55. J. H. WHEAT, postmaster and express agent was born in Morgan County, West Vir- ginia, February 19, 1846, and was there reared and educated. January, 1864, he enlisted in Company E, Fifteenth West Virginia Infantry, and remained in service till the close of the war, receiving some se\cre wounds and losing the sight of one eye. After the close of the war he learned telegraphing, which he followed for eleven years, being three >ears on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and eight years with the Hannibal and St. Joseph Company. In 1875 he was stationed at Stew- artsville, and in 1878, by the wish of the people of Stewartsville, was appointed to his present position. He was married September 24, 1869, to Miss Anna Stafford. She was born in England September 21, 1852. They have had three children, only one now living, Minnie, born in Clay County, Missouri, August 24, 1873. H. M. WHITE was born in Cattaraugus County, New York, August 12, 1S33. When seven or eight years of age his parents moved to Berrien Count)-, Mich- igan, where he was reared and educated. In the spring of 1871, he moved to Stewartsville, and shortly located on his farm, on section 24, 234 BIOGRAPHICAL. La Faj-ette Township, Clinton County, and was there engaged in agri- cultural pursuits till 1877. At that time he removed to Stewartsville, but is still engaged in looking after the interests of his farm and stock. During the year 1880 he was engaged in the grocery business. He has also worked some at the carpenter's trade. Mr. W. was married, in December, 1861, to Miss Lydia M. Spaulding. She was born March 17, 1839, and is a native of Bingham, Somerset County, Maine. They have five children : George E., Lavina \^, Hollis C, Mertie B. and Owen M. B. F. WHITE, of the firm of B. F. White & Son, dealers in hardware, stoves, tinware, groceries, etc., is a nati\-e of Illinois, and was born in Fulton County, December 10, 1838. He was reared in the town of Canton, of that county, and was there educated, learning the tinner's trade in Abington, Knox County, where he worked until February, i860, when he came to Stewartsville. He is now one of the oldest citizens of the town. Finan- cially, he was below par on his arrival in Stewartsville. but now has the most extensive hardware and grocery store in DeKalb Count)'. He has figured conspicuously in the official positions of the town. He was mar- ried, January 24, 1861, to Miss A. M. Laffoon. She was born in Clay County, Missouri, July 18, 1839. She was reared in her native county, and came to Stewartsville in the year i860. They have one child, R. M., born March 3, 1863. Mr. and Mrs. White are members of the M. E. Church. He was the first male member of the church in the town. LATHROP TOWNSHIP. JACOB BOHART, retired merchant, was born in Frederick County, Maryland, June 6, 1816, and in 1824, removed to Virginia, and afterwards to Kentucky, where he remained a short time. In 1S37, he came to Buchanan County, Missouri, then attached to Clinton County, and located a claim near the head of Bee Creek, where he improved a farm. He married Miss Catharine Cogdill, daughter of Jacob Cogdill, August 26, 1838. Their family con- sisted of eight children: James M., Jacob C, Willard H., William A., l.ATllkOl' KJUNMlll'. 235 Sarah, Emcline, Elizabctli and Christa Ann, and lie has taken great pains in their education. He has been a large farmer, merchant and stock dealer, and was extcnsi\-ely engaged in hemp raising. In 1865, he sold his farm, and moved to Nebraska City, where he engaged in merchan- dising. He erected several large stores, and took a live interest in other enterprises of the cit\-. In 1867, he sold out, and returned to Worth County, Missouri, and there he was engaged in farming and dealing in stock until 1875. In 1879, after closing up his large business, he mo\'ed to Lathrop, Clinton County, where he settled, purchasing a good home, and assisting his boys in their enterprises. He built a fine brick store building, one of the first erected. Mrs. Bohart died November 15, 1876, in Worth County, Missouri. She was a woman of strong mind and great w\\\ power, and did much to aid her husband in accumulating his fine ])roperty. In June, 1881, Mr. B. was again married to Mrs. Sally Laugh- lin, daughter of Edward Lindsay, of Clinton County, Missouri. JAMES M. BOHART, banker, was born in Buchanan County, Missouri, in 1841. He was raised on a farm and received a good education in the schools of Andrew- County, and for se\eral years was engaged in teaching. When the war broke out. he entered the Confederate service, and commanded a com- pany. He was with Price, Bragg and Johnson for four years, partici- pating in the battles, and sharing all the hardships and deprivations incident to a soldier's life. In 1866, he' engaged in the hardware business in Clay County, and continued in it for some years, with satisfactory success. In 1875, he was elected to the State Legislature, and made a diligent and worthy representative, securing a liigh reputation for his fidelity to his constituents, for his liberality, and for the courtesy extended to all who approached him. In 1879, he became a resident of Lathrop, and engaged in the banking business with his brother, W. H. The firm has also a bank at Kingston, Caldwell County. As a business man, prompt and energetic, upright in all his dealings, he has secured the esteem of all with whom he has had to do. As a citizen, he has taken an active interest in whatever promises to be of permanent benefit to the city, and in educational matters, he has been prompt to act, and efficient to work. He has been twice married ; first, to Miss Maggie E. Elliott, of Woodford County. Kentucky. She died in 1870, leaving one daughter, Sallie A. He married for his second wife, Miss Ada F"ield, in 1871. Their family by this union is composed of four children: Jacob F'ield, Nellie, Shannon Clay and Susie. Mrs. Bohart is a daughter of Jacob P'ield, hlsq., of Liberty, Cla)' Count)-, and is a lady whose graces of mind and person have endeared her to all who enjoy her acquaintance. She was educated at the female seminar)- of her native place, and at the St. Theresa Seminar)-, Kansas City. 236 BIOGRAPHICAL. WILLARD H. BOHART, of the banking firm of W. H. & Jas. M. Bohart, of this city, was born in Buchanan County, Mo., May 6, 1850. He was raised a farmer until fifteen years old, receiving his primary education in a common school. He after- ward attended the William Jewell College for three years, after which he was engaged in teaching eleven years at the Clay Female Seminary at Liberty, the Female Orphan School at Camden Point and other places, where he gained an enviable reputation as a successful instructor. Form- ing a preference for a business life, in August, 1879, he formed a partner- ship with his brother James in the banking business in Lathrop, and at the same time started a similar institution at Kingston, Missouri. The firm have the entire confidence of the community as correct, honest and straightforward business men. He married Miss Margaret E. Fixler, eldest daughter of Major P. E. Pixler, of Clay County, in October, 1869. They have two children, James Edwin and Birdie Pixler. Mr. Bohart is an active member of the Christian Church, and takes a deep interest in the educational matters of the city. AARON CHARLES, carpenter and builder, was born in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, June 28, 18 18. His educational advantages were limited, yet by his own exer- tions he has become a good business man. He learned the carpenter's trade in Philadelphia, 'serving an apprenticeship of four years, and after- wards became a competent builder. He erected many buildings in Pennsylvania, and, in 1856, moved to Illinois, and there he engaged in building. In 1868, came to Lathrop, Missouri, at the time that the town was started. Here he has built may of its best structures, among which is the M. E. Church, of which he is an active member. Mr. C. has a fine residence, and ten acres, just outside of the city corporation. His first wife was Miss Catharine Layman, whom he married in Philadelphia. By this marriage they had two children, Lewis and Emma. He was again married, to Miss Ann Perrigo, in Iriquois County, Illinois, June 24, 1863. They have by this marriage two daughters, Minnie L. and Susan Louisa. He is a member of the Lathrop Masonic Lodge, and loves to live by the precepts the order teaches. ROBERT E. CHONSTANT, editor and publisher of the Lathrop Herald, was born in Roanoke, How- ard County, Missouri, August 31, 1854. He received a good education in his native town, and also at the schools of Kingston. When quite young he entered his father's store as a clerk, in which he remained for some time, and then, at the age of seventeen, he entered the office of the l.ATIIKOr TOWXSHll'. 237 Kingston Sentinel, where he learned the printers' trade. He has worked at that business in St. Joseph, Davenport (Iowa), New York, Philadel- phia, and St. Louis, and has became a proficient workman. In 1874, he bought the Caldwell Citizen of Kingston and published it for three years. In 1877, after selling out, he took charge of a drug store for eighteen months. During all these years he had been reading law at his leisure hours, and in the fall of 1878 he entered the law office of Chap- man & Hoskinson, when he studied hard for two years and in 1S80 was admitted to practice bj- Judge Broudders, of the Seventeenth Judicial Circuit. In April, i88o, after being admitted, he went to Lathrop, Clin- ton Count}-, and started the Lathrop Herald, in the publication of which he has done a successful business, and secured a large circulation. In June, 1880, he was appointed one of the census enumerators for this count)-, and received the diploma offered for the most correct, system- atic, and neatly executed returns of the seventh supervisor's district of the state, consisting of 304 enumeration districts. H. H. CLEPPER, farmer and stock feeder, section 31, post office Lathrop. The subject of this sketch is a native of Michigan, and was born on a farm on the 2d day of August, 1832. He received a good common school education, and, at the age of eighteen, went to California, where he spent two years, and then returned to his home and made his parents a visit of several months. He ne.xt removed to Minnesota, and farmed for ten years. Closing out business, he located at Rockford, near Grand Rapids, Michigan, devoting his time to the grocery business, in connection with farming. This he continued for twelve years, when he closed out and went to Sherman, Texas, entering into the hotel and grocery business. After some two years, he unfortunately lost by fire property to the amount of $6,000, including all household and personal effects. Remov- ing to Emporia, Kansas, he remained two years, and there gave his children a good education. He then moved to Clinton Countj- in 1880, where he now resides, owning a fine farm of 100 acres, well improved. Mr. C. was united in marriage, on the i8th day of August, 1857, with Miss Laura Scorell, a native of Schuyler County, New York. The fam- ily consists of five children : Fred, Mary J., John L., Eva G. and Nellie. E. W. COOPER, farmer, section 36, is a native of North Carolina, and was born Maj- 17, 1820, and came to Missouri in 1844. His farm consists of 230 acres of land in a good state of cultivation, and he has proved himself a successful agriculturist. Politically, he is a staunch Republican, and during the 238 BIOGKArinCAL. late war was a member of Capt. Rogers' company of militia. As a citi- zen he has been upright, reliable, and honorable, and has secured in an eminent degree the respect of his fellow-men. In his religious prefer- ences he is a Presbyterian, and he is an active member and liberal con- tributor to that society. He married Miss Ann Pincy, a native of North Carolina, in July, 1847. They have a family of nine children, Mary M. (now Mrs. H. Hick), Martha (now Mrs. Wm. Lankford), John W., Susan E. (now Mrs. J. W. Douglass), Celia A., Jeanette (now Mrs. James Doug- lass), Wm. S., and Dora J. Mr. C. has taken great interest in the improvement of his stock, and his herds will equal any in this district. J. (). DANIfXS, proprietor of the Lathrop House, was born in Grafton County, New Hampshire, May 17, 1S29. When he was twenty-one years old he went to Boston, Massachusetts, and obtained the position of baggage master on the Boston and Fitchburg Railroad, where he remained three years, discharging the duties in a satisfactory manner. He then came to Indianapolis, Indiana, and accepted the position of conductor on the Indianapolis and Lafayette Railroad, and remained with them for five years, when he accepted a similar position on the Illinois Central, and remained eight years. In 1863, he started a lu m 3 yard at Odin, Illi- nois, and lived there three years. After the completion of the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad, in November, 1867, he came to Lathrop and opened a lumber yard, and was the first settler in the town. (See His- tory of Lathrop.) He has been engaged in many enterprises here, all having an influence to build up Lathrop.- He purchased several lots and improved them with good substantial residences. He had the contract for building the brick school building, which is an ornament to the city. He published the Lathrop Monitor, which did much to bring the east- ern part of Clinton County into the notice of actual settlers. In 1877, he purchased the Lathrop House, which he has since kept, and it is not saying too much to state that no hotel in the county is more favorably known or more deserving of popular favor, it being the cheerful home of the weary traveler. ■ In 1880, he was appointed land agent of the Han- nibal and St. Joseph Railroad, having charge of their lands and lots. He represents several of the best insurance companies, and does a large amount of the insurance business. He has always taken a deep interest in educational enterprises, and has been and is now one of the school board. Has been liberal in contributing to every enterprise which goes to build up the city. He married Miss Julia H. Nowland, in St. Louis, Missouri, in March, 1866. They have six children: Frank Nowland, Ann May, Kate Ra}-mond, Hattie Bell, Charles B. and John Newton. LATHROI' TOWNSIIII'. 239 JOHN DOUGLASS, extensive fanner, stock raiser and dealer, was born in Clinton County, Ohio, August 23, 1823, and, in 1837, came to Clinton County, Missouri, settling where he now lives. He received no education to speak of, and worked for a brother five years, but received no compensation, and, at the age of nineteen years, he bought 120 acres of land on credit. He then commenced life's struggles alone, first engaging in the raising of hemp and tobacco. Having been blessed with good crops, and receiving good prices for them, he was soon able to pay for his land. In 1850, he went to California, and remained two years, when he returned home and con- tinued his farming. He bought land as opportunity presented itself, near him, until he now has one of the largest, and among the best, farms in the county. His estate embraces 1,000 acres of land, which is contained in sections 27, 28, 33, 34 and 35. In 1866, he made a kiln of bricks, and built a fine residence in the center of his farm. He has about 300 head of horses, mules and cattle, the raising of which he makes a specialty. He is a leading and active member of the Christian Church, and has contributed largely towards building a fine house of worship, on the corner of his farm, called the Bethel Church. This was erected in 1878. The society had previously made use of the Brooking school house, for twenty years. Mr. D.'s great success in life is due to his untiring energy, economy and honesty in his dealings, and the care with which he has watched over his transactions. He married Mary Ann Brown, of this county, October, 1846. They have had ten children : Jessie B., John William, Jemima Ellen, James A., Thomson McGee, Stephen A., George B. and Doc. Sherman ; Anna and Mollie died while young. JOHN W. DOUGLASS, farmer, stock feeder and dealer, is the owner of 320 acres of lantl in section 35. He was born in Lathrop Township, Clinton County, Mis- souri, December, 1849, and there received a good common school educa- tion. He then attended the State University at Columbia, Missouri, where he prepared himself for a useful business life. He was married to Miss Susan Cooper in June, 1874. She was the daughter of E. VV. Cooper, Esq., a pioneer and a respected citizen of Lathrop. They have three children, Dorsey, Elgi, and William. The subject of this sketch is a son of John Douglass, among the earliest and now one of the most prosperous farmers in the county. The early training which he received at home has greatly enabled him to conduct his large farm and stock business in a profitable and economical manner. His land is stocked with good herds, he having from fifty to 150 head of cattle, besides a large number of hogs. He bought his larm of the railroad company, it 240 BIOGRAPHICAL. then being a part of the company's addition to the city of Lathrop. Mr. Douglass first settled on eighty acres just south of the city, where he set out one of the most beautiful orchards in the county. Both of the railroads ran through the farm, and on that account he sold it. EDWARD DUDLEY, grain dealer, was born in Burlington County, New Jersey, in 1S34, and came to Missouri in 1853. He obtained an excellent education, and was engaged in teaching school for several years. He commenced the study of medicine and continued it for a time, but never practiced it with the idea of making it a profession. Having a great desire for commercial pursuits, he learned telegraphy in 1859, and was soon engaged by the Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad Company. He was the first telegraph operator and agent at Hamilton station east of Cameron, and was con- nected with that road in various positions for eighteen years. He built a store and elevator, and was the first man to start business at Turney, and for several years did a very large business. In 1-879, Mr. D. moved to Lathrop, transferred his grain business and built a large elevator there. Since that time he has been doing an extended business, hav- ing handled during the past year 120,000 bushels of grain for himself, besides 50,000 bushels for other parties. Dr. Dudley was married to Miss Clementine Langdon, of Caldwell County, Missouri, in 1859. By this union they have eight children, Charles E., Wm. C, Walter H., Daniel Drew, Tolman, Flora, Ada, and Birta. Among the enterprising and leading business men of Lathrop Mr. D. ranks as one of the first. He is thoroughly posted upon all the leading topics of the day, is a fluent conversationalist and an honored member of society. HON. JACOB ESTEP, section 26, post office Cameron, a farmer by calling, a blacksmith b)' trade, and, although without political aspiration, he has nevertheless been fre- quently honored with preferment to places of public trust. Mr. Estep is a native of Maryland, and was born in Frederick (now Carroll) County, November 23, 1823. In 1834, his parents moved to Seneca County, Ohio, where the j-outh of the subject of this notice was spent, his time being divided between attending school, in winter, and assisting his father, in the summer, in clearing and making a farm. At the age of nineteen, he apprenticed himself to a blacksmith, with whom he remained for nine years. In 1850, he commenced business for himself, in the same county, as a carriage and wagon manufacturer, conducting the same suc- cessfully for seven years. Jul_\- 25, 1850, Miss M. J. Culver became his wife. She was born in Seneca Count)-, Ohio, June 14, 1829. In 1857, LATIIKOl" TOWNSHIP. 24I Mr. E. left Ohio, came to Missouri, and settled where he now lives, having purchased the land the year previous, through Governor Smith. He now owns 950 acres of land. After his coming here, he opened a shop, and, at t"he same time, carried on his farming operations. During the late war his sympathies were with the Federal cause, and he was commissioned by Governor Hall a lieutenant, participating in many of the engagements connected with the campaign in Missouri. In 1864, he was honored by Governor Fletcher with the appointment of county judge, serving with Judges Estes and Coopen. In 1865. he was selected by the Republicans as their standard bearer for the State Legis- lature. Resigning his position as judge, he made a thorough canvass of his district, and was elected by a large majority. His course at the capi- tal fully sustained the expectation of his friends, and as a representative he has, aside from his active participation in matters of general legis- lation, been a watchful and conscientious guardian of the interests of his immediate constituency, whose claim to consideration he has never failed to present. Through his labors and instrumentality largely, was the change made in the school bill, whereby six months of school instead of three, were held, although Mr. E. was an advocate of seven months. His family consists of six children : Emmet H., born May 18, 185 1 ; Ida E., born January 31, 1855; Clara B., born April 29, 1858; Minnie E., born February 16, 1863; Nettie M., born October 12, 186S: Charles S., born April i8, 1S74. JAMES T. ESTILL, M. D., was born in Clinton County, Missouri, October 12, 1849. He earl\- man- ifested a desire for a profession, and with this end in \iew, went to the common school of his district for a while, after which he entered West- minster College, at Fulton, Callaway County, Missouri. He spent si.v years of hard study, and was graduated with honor from that institution in 1875. Dr. E. afterwards taught two years, but was obliged to give up that profession on account of failing health. On this account he took a trip to Colorado, spending some time in that vicinit)-, and after regaining his health, he returned home and entered the office of Dr. June, of Law- son, where he took a thorough course of study in medicine. He then took the prescribed course at the Missouri Medical College, of St. Louis, graduating in the spring of 1879. He immediately located at Turne)-, Clinton County, where he erected a house and settled down perma- nently. He married Miss Maggie Green, a daughter of Cyrus Green, of Jackson, in September, 1879. The result of this marriage was Forest Leon, born July 8, 1880. The Doctor is a great scholar, deeply investi- gating things of importance which come under his observation, and endeavors to the best of his ability to discover and understand cause p 242 BIOGRAPHICAL. and effect. He is well aware that he represents an ancient and honora- ble profession, and his ambition is to make himself a proficient follower thereof and to give dignity to his position. He has devoted much of his time and thought to surgery, and in his practice is very successful. He is a member of the Presbyterian Church. William H.^ Estill, father of Dr. Estill, came from Kentucky at a very early day, and settled in Jack- son Township, near Barnesville. His first wife was Elizabeth Hubbard, daughter of Colonel Hubbard, of Clay County, whom he married in 1838. They had seven chil.dren : John, Mary, Moses, James T., Erasmus, Alice and Lucy. Mrs. E. died in 1856. His second wife was Miss Mary Jane Denny, and to her he was married in 1858. By this union there were two children : Willie and Rufus. Mr. E. is one of the founders of the Presbyterian Church in Barnesville, in which he is very active. Having been among the first settlers here, he has always taken an interest in enterprises which were calculated to advance its growth. JAMES W. EVANS, farmer, section 20, was born September 7, 18 14, in Dorchester County, Maryland. After receiving a limited education he learned the carriage trimmers' trade, and worked at it in several different States. In 1837 he was located at Charleston, South Carolina, when the city was nearly destroyed by fire. In the fall of 1844, he came to Clinton County, Missouri, where he bought a farm near Hainesville^ and worked it for five years. Then sold out and lived for a time in the states of Maryland and North Carolina. Upon coming again to Haines- ville Mr. E. hired out at seventy-five cents a day for a year. He also worked at his trade for several years, and then opened a boot and shoe store. Subsequently he acted as a clerk for a dry goods house. In 1855, he resumed his trade, and was engaged in operating a saddle and harness shop until 1875, having been very successful. In 1869, he bought 270 acres of land, where his son now lives. He also has 480 acres in Arkansas, near the Capital. In September, 1880, Mr. E. moved to his beautiful farm near Lathrop, where he had previously built and made substantial improvements. He owns 480 acres of choice land in his home farm. He has set out ten miles of hedge on the farm, and this divides his three-quarters of a section into forty acre lots. Mr. Evans married Mary Eliza Hoggard, of North Carolina, February 8, 1S44. They have three children: Mary Frances, (who married Mr. Frank Collins, a son of J. W. Collins, Register of Clay County, Missouri, and they live with Mr. Evans on the farm); John Henry, (was married August 11, 1877, at Hainesville) ; and William James, (who was born August 29, 1848, and married Caroline Gow, a daughter of Arthur Gow, of Clay County, in November, 1875). Mr. Evans was among the first settlers of I.ATUKOl' TOWNSllil'. 243 Hainesville, and was one of its most substantial business men. He operated a carding machine, bought stock, and was a general dealer for a long time. He is one of the respected citizens of Clinton County; is an honored member of the Christian Church, and is fully alive to its spiritual and temporal interests. OSCAR D. FITZGERALD, M. D., the subject of this sketch, was born in Scott County, Kentucky, Septem- ber 15, 1839, and in 1844 he came to Clay County, Missouri, where he received a good education. Having long cherished a desire to become a physician, with that end in view, he entered the office of Dr. Ber- nard, of Hainesville, one of the most able physicians of the county, and pursued a thorough course of study, and in 1872 he graduated at the St. Louis Medical College. He at once commenced the practice of his pro- fession in Lathrop, where he has gained an enviable reputation, not only as a successful practitioner, but as one of the most enterprising and intelligent citizens of the city. He married Miss Sarah Belle Baker, of Clay County, in April, 1859, and by this union they have one daughter, Lizzie M., a cultured and refined young lady, who graduated at the Cen- tral Female College, at Lexington, Missouri, in the spring of 1881. The doctor is a leading and exemplary member of the M. E. Church, south. He is the president of the school board, and is foremost in promoting the interests of education and in the general improvements of the city. He has a fine residence, and has erected a good brick store building, in which he has his office and a well selected library. He is the counseling physician for miles around, is an eminent and successful surgeon, and his natural instinct and love for his profession render him an able prac- titioner. In 1881, he was elected president of the District Medical Society at Kansas City. HERMAN HECK, farmer and dealer in stock, was born in Baden, Germany, November 8, 1829, and came to this country in 1848, settling in New York, where he remained until 185 1. He then started for California, but abandoned that idea upon reaching St. Joseph, Missouri, and there went to work at the carpenter's trade. After following this trade for awhile, he came to Hainesville, and there helped to build a house, continuing his chosen calling, buying and selling stock and land, until the war broke out. Mr. H. then enlisted in the Sixth Missouri Infantry, and remained in the service one year and a half, when he was wounded, and in consequence thereof was discharged, and returned to Leavenworth, Kansas. After the war closed, he came to Clinton County, and again resumed his former business, which he has followed principally all his life, and in which he 244 BIOGRAPHICAL. has been very successful. Mr. Heck has, by his own energy and perse- verance, made a good competency, having a splendid farm, large herds of fine cattle and hogs, and is building a fine brick store in Lathrop. His great success is due to his fair dealing, economy and good judgment. He married Miss Molly M. Cooper, daughter of E. W. Cooper, of this township. May i, 1870. They have five children : William Henry and Herman B., twins, born January 14, 1872; Orland O., born in 1874; Elmer C, born January, 1876, and Adrienne A. His landed interests embrace 455 acres of land in sections 35 and 36, in this township, and 160 acres in section 9, of Jackson Township. JOHN C. HOLLAND, farmer and stock raiser, section 33, post office Turney, is a native of Sevier Count}', Tennessee, and was born near Sevierville on the 28th day of June, 1820, is the son and fifth child of Benjamin Holland, a native of Tennessee, who was born in Cocke County, in the year 1794. He emigrated to Clay County, Missouri, in 1832, and, with his family, in 1S35, moved to Platte County. He was a resident of Andrew County at the time of his death, having been murdered on account of his religious principles, on the 8th day of June, 1856. John C. began business for him- self when twenty-one years of age. In 1841, he entered eighty acres of land in Platte County, which he improved, and, in 1846, enlisted in Com- pany F., Second Regiment Missouri Volunteers, under Sterling Price. He served for fifteen months, then returned, commenced farming, and, in 1850, came to Clinton County, settling where he now resides. He owns a farm of 120 acres, well improved. Mr. Holland is a kind and generous citizen, and has always been actuated by the best and purest of motives. He is an active church member, and his heart and hand are in all good works, and his name is greatly revered by all. He has reared his family about a family altar, and made a pleasant and happy home amid the companionship of others, and is known by old and young, throughout the county, as "Uncle John." As a business man, begin- ning without capital, other than his own native abilities, and prompted by the ambition to become known as an upright, honorable and influen- tial man, he has gradually risen to his present position. Mr. H. was married, August 4, 1848, to Miss Jane St. John. Their family consists of Mary C, Margaret L., Ben P., William T., Andrew J.. John H., Min- nie A., living, and Lyda J. and T\-afena B., deceased. The\- worship with the M. E. denomination. A. W. HOLLAND, farmer, section 14, was born in East Tennessee, in [S33. His father, Benjamin Holland, moved to Clay County, Missouri, in 1S35, and in I.ATUKOr TOWNSHIP. 245 1S37 located a claim of 200 acres in PUtte County, and thus became one f)f the original settlers of the Platte Purchase. He was a Methodist in his religious preferences, and his home was often the abode of the early ministers ; the first preaching in the Platte Purchase was held in his house, and also the first quarterly meeting. He was a leader in religious matters, always outspoken and honest, and loved the old flag of his forefathers. After the M. E. Church South was formed, he still con- tinued his connection and love for the old church, and on that account was persecuted on every hand ; in like manner was his pastor, the Rev. Wm. Sellers, now of the Missouri conference of the M. E. Church treated. In March, 1856, in the village of Rochester, near his home, the latter was tarred by a mob and insulted in various ways, and Mr. Hol- land was shot and killed while sitting on the counter of a store. From these circumstances his son, the subject of this sketch, received his early impressions of right and wrong. The treatment and death of his sainted father will be something never to be forgotten by him. So he has grown to be a man positive in his conviction, doing what he knows to be right with all his might, and opposing wrong with the same earnest zeal. Mr. Holland received a good common school education in his youth, has always been a great reader, and now is among the best informed men of the county. His mother was the daughter of Colonel Warner, of Ten- nessee, who fought so nobly in the Revolutionary war. Mr. H. taught school one year in Andrew County, and in 1855 he settled in Nebraska City, where he engaged in trade. In 1859, he returned to Rock Port, Atchison County, Missouri, there buying a home. He remained there for two years, and in the fall of i860 came to this county and located in Shoal Township. He bought a good farm, paying $3,000 for it, com- menced work, and at once took a front rank among our best farmers. In 1 86 1, the Union men of his community formed a company of home guards in Mirabile, Caldwell County, remaining organized for six months. He then enlisted in the Sixth Missouri State Cavalry of the United States service, of which he was a member for over three years. On the 7th of April, 1864, on account of sickness he wiis mus- tered out, receiving an honorable discharge. He sold his farm and moved to Plattsburg, where he was engaged in trade until 1S67, when he bought the farm on which he has since resided, and which embraces 160 acres of land. He has made many valuable improvements, and now has one of the most desirable homes in the vicinity. Mr. Holland is a lead- ing Republican, and in 1869 was one of the eleven voters in the county for Lincoln — Mr. H. and his brother. Judge Estep, N. Potter, John R. Stevens and others. He has never been an office seeker, but has fre- quently been a delegate to conventions, and is a member of the county central committee. He was active in organizing the Garfield Club, which did so much for the Republican cause in the campaign. He mar- 246 BIOGRAPHICAL. ried Miss Sarah Hendix, of Iowa, in March, 1859. They have eight children, Florence, Winn, George F., Willis Z., Eddie J., Albert Kings- ley, Rosa Mary, and Burk. Four are deceased. JESSE LONGFIELD, M. D. The subject of this sketch was born in Pennsylvania, in September, 1838, and came to Missouri, with his father, in 1846. Upon resolving on the practice of medicine as his profession, he commenced reading in Jaynesville, and, at the same time, taught school to pay his way. He graduated from Milton College in 1861, aad, after becoming a thorough student, he attended the Bennett Medical College, of Chicago, from which institution he was graduated in 1867. After practicing three years, in Illinois, he came to Turney, Clrhton County, Missouri, in 1870, and here has built up an excellent practice. He is of the eclectic school, a good student, and keeps pace with the progress of the eclectical world, and is a liberal subscriber to the leading journals. He is constantly making himself familiar with new and progressive ideas. He is the oldest physician of the town, and has gained the confidence of a large cir- cle of acquaintances. Dr. L. married Miss Mary Eliza Alloway, of Clin- ton County, May 18, 1871. They have had three children : Jim Forscutt, John Fred and Alice Lenor. The doctor is a member of the Church of the Latter Day Saints, and a gentleman whom one meets onl)- to wish for a more extended acquaintance. NIMROD LORD, farmer, section 24, was born in South Carolina, September 15, 1814, and came to this county in 1866. He married Miss Nancy McCuller, in South Carolina, October 13, 1835. Ten children, the result of this mar- riage, are now living : Celia, Anne Elizabeth, John T., Benjamin B., Mary Eliza, William J., Nimrod S., Samuel A., Nancy J. and Mattie. Mr. Lord located on his farm when it was almost a prairie. He has worked hard to make the good improvements which it now contains, and now hag a beautiful home, his estate embracing 160 acres adjoining the city corpor- ation. Upon it is a fine old orchard of 200 trees, and two living springs. Mrs. Lord, his loving Christian companion, died February 16, 1880. Mr. L., now at an advanced age in life, is an active and industrious man, and has long been a faithful and efficient overseer of highways. He is a leading and consistent member of the M. E. Church, and takes an active interest in its meetings, contributing liberally to its support. \MLLIAM McK. LOWE was born in York Count)-, Penns\-lvania, November 15, 1833. He was reared a farmer, and receiv^ed his educat:on at the Allegheny College, in LATH KOI' TOWNSHIP. 247 Meadville, Pennsylvania. At the age of t\vent)--t\vo he came west, and spent two years in teaching and traveling. His first school was at Breckenridge, Caldwell County, Missouri. He bought the first lot in that town after it was surveyed, and in 1861, entered the Twelfth Penn- sylvania Reserves, under Colonel Taggart. They were assigned to the Army of the Potomac, and participated in many of its battles. Mr. L. received a commission, which he honored, always discharging his duties promptly and to the great satisfaction of his superior officers. At the close of the war he returned home, bought a farm and worked it until 1869, when, having business in California, he went there and remained for six months. He then returned to Pennsylvania, sold his farm, and came to Lathrop, January i, 1870, here purchasing a drug store, which he continued to conduct until February, 187 1. He then received an offer of a position in the railway postal service, which he accepted, and by his faithfulness, honesty and strict attention to its requirements and duties, has performed since. He has had many escapes, having been wrecked, turned over, and smashed up, but has always come out unharmed. Mr. L. is the owner of a fine farm of 200 acres, one mile from town. He also has some excellent city property, a good residence, and business houses. His resources were limited when he came here, but having been judicious in his transactions and economical, has now laid the foundation of a competency. He married Miss Hattie E. Lowe, of Bal- timore, Maryland, in 1858. They have five children : Clyde B. and Guy B., (who are mining in Colorado, and doing well), Roy E., Blanche E. and Fred. Mc. THOMAS McROREY farmer, section 11, was born in Orange County, North Carolina, in June, 1808, and came to Clay County, Missouri, in the fall of 1840, here buy- ing a farm. He remained upon it for twenty-eight years, and in the fall of 1868, he came to Clinton County, and bought the place where he now resides, containing eighty acres of good land. He married Miss Sally Prather (who was a sister of Mrs. Austin R. King), in North Carolina, in August, 1837. They have ten children living: John, Thomas, Austin T., Marticia Esteline, Elosia Madeline, Mary A., Susan M., Emery Francis, Nannie Kate and Joseph V. Mr. and Mrs. McR. are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, and are universally respected by all who know them. They have raised a large family of children, who are nearly all married and settled in every part of the countr)-. Mr. and Mrs. McR., in their declining years, can look back over their hardships, and trials, and successes, with pleasure, and arc made to rejoice that their lives have not been failures. 248 BIOGRAPHICAL. ZACHARY T. MARTIN, M. D., was born in Winchester, Kentucky, October 4, 1847, and came to this city in December, 1880. He received a good education in Kentucky, and studied medicine under the tutorship of A. S. Allen, M. D., of Win- chester, Kentucky, in 1864. Subsequently, he attended lectures at Jefferson College, in Philadelphia, from which institution he was gradu- ated in March, 1867. He practiced in Louisville, Kentucky, for two years, but on account of the poor health of his wife, he moved to Beatty- ville, Kentucky, and there resumed the practice of his profession until 1875. Dr. M. again attended a course of lectures at his old Alma Mater, and in the summer of 1876, he returned to his home in Winchester, and entered into active practice with Dr. Sympson. There they were very successful for some four years. After stopping in Hamilton, Ohio, for a few months, Dr. Martin having a desire for the western country, came to this city and opened an office, and is now receiving a very liberal and satisfactory patronage. He is a physician of undoubted skill, and occu- pies a prominent place in the estimation of his brother practitioners. He married Miss Mattie Hampton, of Winchester, Kentucky, in 1867. He is fast gaining the confidence and respect of the people. DANIEL MILLER, lumber merchant, was born in Cumberland County, Penns}'lvania, March 13, 1852, and was brought up with a mercantile experience, receiving a good business education. He embarked in business in Green Springs, Pennsylvania, where he continued until 1861, when he sold out and entered the One Hundred and Fifty-eighth Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, commanded by Colonel Foster. He was quarter master and commissary of the regiment, and, after serving for two and a half years, he received an honorable discharge. He then returned to Pennsylvania, and in 1870, came to this county, buying a farm near this city, upon which he remained until 1873, when he came to Lathrop. In 1879, he took charge of the lumber business of Harriman & Waples. The old yard of O. M. Comfert & Co. was purchased by the present firm in 1878. From a small beginning, this yard has increased with the growth of the city, until now it is selling over $30,000 worth of lumber annually. They keep a full stock of sash, doors, blinds, etc. Mr. Miller is well known, and his manner of doing business calls forth the admiration of all. He married Miss Salina C. Wagoner, in Pennsylvania, in 1858. They have two children, Alfred and Mervin. Alfred is a carpenter by trade, and Mervin is clerking in a store. Mr. Miller is one of the lead- ing business men here, full of enterprise and energy. He has been a member of the school board for some time. LATHKOP TOWNSHIP. 249 ABRAHAM NEELY. a son of Abraham Nccly and Hannah, luc Dill, was born on the 31st clay of March, 1809, on a farm, near Little Flartis, Herkimer County, New York, and, with his parents, moved to the western part of the state, in 1S25. After acquiring a common school education, in iLane Theological Seminary, near Cincinnati, Ohio, and subse- quently was pastor of churches at Centralia and Concord, Illinois. His connection with La Grange Collegiate Institute was finally closed in April, 1878. For a third of a century the institution had been to the neighboring counties a nursery of teachers for the public schools — the first teachers' institute in the state having been held in its school room in 1846, and conducted by its principal. Under its influence the public school system came to the front, established its own institutes and Nor- mal schools, and in process of time, it closed all the private institutions within a radius of forty miles, recognizing this to the last, as an illustra- tion of " the survival of the fittest." It survived the business prosperity of the village, on the borders of which it was located, and closed its work only when its mission was manifestly completed. Removing to Lathrop in May, 1878, Mr. Patch purchased the Monitor in the following Novem- ber, and has been its proprietor and editor for over three years. In February, 1880, he became pastor of the Plymouth Church, in Lathrop, and for the last nine months has held a similar relation to the Congre- gational Church, at Kingston, Caldwell County. For a term of six years, he was a member of the board of visitors of the Congregational Theolog- ical Seminary, at Chicago. In November last, by special appointment, he preached the annual sermon before the State Association of Congre- gational Churches, at their meeting in Brookfield. He has one of the LATHROP TOWNSHU'. 25 I largest miscellaneous libraries in the county. Mrs. Mary D. Patch is a native of Nevvburyport, Massachusetts, and a graduate of Worcester Female College. After teaching at Almira College, at Alton, and at Champaign, Illinois, nearly five years, she was, during two years, princi- pal of the ladies' department of the Baptist State Institution, at New London, New Hampshire, and subsequently held a similar position at Lawrence Academy, and La Grange Collegiate Institute. Mrs. Julia B. McKinlay, wife of Rev. George A. McKinlay, of Gallatin, Missouri, is a daughter of Mr. Patch, by a previous marriage. Mar)- L\-dia Patch is a daughter of Rufus and Mrs. Mary D. Patch. \VILLIAI\I M. PLEAS, farmer and stock dealer, section 26, was born in Columbus, Ohio, June 15, 1S30. He recei\-ed a good common education, and, with the family, came to Illinois in 1842, and in 1858, he settled in Leavenworth Kan- sas. He first engaged in the livery business, which he carried on for several years, in the mean time, building a store. He next embarked in merchandising. Full of enterprise, and anxious for goverment work, he purchased teams and outfits, and engaged in government transportation to Denver, Fort Laramie and Salt Lake City, continuing this until 1861, when he took a contract, from the government, to supply horses and mules to Fort Leavenworth. He thus continued through the war, after which he at once commenced freighting on a large scale. In 1866, he started, with a train of supplies, for Salt Lake. Arriving at Fort Casper, on the North Platte, his whole train was pressed into government ser- vice, his wagons were used for lumber, and he also lost 100 head of cat- tle of his train, and was left in this crippled condition in that far off region. For this loss, Mr. P. has a just claim now before congress. In 1862, he bought a steamboat and commenced in the cotton trade, from Memphis, down the river. After making several successful trips, his boat was taken by the United States officers, and sunk. Pre\'ious to this, in 1859, he had taken the first train load of goods to Denver City, then a small town of three or four houses, which he sold out in two weeks, to the miners, and returned home. In 1867, with two other gen- tlemen, he bought the Planters Hotel, in Leavenworth, Kansas, paying for it, $100,000. In 1868, he bid off the government contract to deliver 25,000 head of beef cattle for the northern supply. The contract was declared his, yet, by some technicality, was not allowed. His hotel proved to be a serious loss, financially, as the town grew awaj- from it, and other hotels were erected. Mr. P. became convinced, by this time, that a good farm in Clinton Countj' was better, to depend upon, than any speculation. Consequently, he settled on the old Tillery farm, the second farm opened on the prairie, and one of the best located, as it 252 BIOGRAPHICAL. adjoins Lathrop on the west, along the Pleasant Ridge. He has now 240 acres under fence and well cultivated, and is an extensive dealer in stock, making it a specialty. He also feeds 100 head of cattle a year, and in this important branch has been very fortunate. Mr. Pleas' life has been an eventful one, and, although having met with many losses, he has, during later years, prospered, and is now one of the solid men of the county. He married Miss A.' Gordon, of Clay County, in 1862. They have eight children : Carrie Mary, Willie, Walter, Lela, Freddie, Darzey, Sally and Eddie. Mrs. Pleas' father, the Hon. Thomas Gordon, of Clay County, Missouri, was born in Kentucky, and came to Clay County in an early day. He was a large dealer and raiser of stock. He took an active part in politics, was a member of the legislature for three years, and manifested great interest in its deliberations. He was one of Clay County's most wealthy and honored men, and died during the session of the legislature, in 1870. Mrs. Pleas received her educa- tion at Camden Point, where she was graduated. LEWIS JACKSON ROGERS, farmer, section 26, was born in Clay County, East Tennessee, October 24, 1803, and came to this state in 1S41. Uncle Lew., as he is familiarly called, is one of those genial old gentlemen who are appreciated in every locality. Honest, high minded and noble, disdaining a mean act, he lives, in his extreme age, enjoying the result of the principles he has ever lived to maintain. His father was a preacher, and presiding elder of the M. E. Church and a warm friend of General Jackson, and was his chaplain and spiritual adviser all through his campaigns. He died in 1836. Lewis J. bought his father's farm, on which he remained until he came west. He settled first in Platte County, and five years later on account of sickness in his family, he located in Lathrop Township, where he improved a fine farm and reared his family. His estate embraces 240 acres of good land. Mr. Rogers married Elizabeth Carr, of Claiborne County, Tennessee, November 6, 1824. Twelve children were the result of this marriage, six of whom are living : William, David, Rueben, Sarah, John C, and Mary. Sarah was married to James Strickland August 23, 1861, and they have five children, Molly, James, Ida, Emma, and Andrew J. Mrs. L. J. Rogers died February 8, 1868, aged sixty-two years. His son, John C. Rogers, was born June 19, 1841, in Tennessee, and received a good education at the William Jewell Col- lege. He settled in Beaver Head County, Montana, where is one of the leading men of the territory. He was elected senator in the legislature, and has ever taken a deep interest in the improvements of the territory. Mr. Lewis Rogers is a lineal descendant of John Rogers, who was l.ATHKOI' TOWNSHII'. 253 burned at the stake. Like him, he has always been a positive Chris- tian, and a member of the M. K. Church. He has taken a great interest in promoting tlic advancement of religion, and now his main comfort is Hving after tlie principle inherited from his father. R. B. ROGERS, farmer and cattle feeder, section 14, post office Lathrop, is a native of Knoxville, Claiborne County, Tennessee, and was born on the 29th day of October, 1832. When ten years of age he, with his parents, moved to Platte County, Missouri, in 1842, and remained there till 1848, when he came to Clinton County, settling in section 25. Here he assisted on the farm till about 1868. When sixteen years of age he had begun spec- ulating on his own account, and before becoming of age had done much business in this line, principally in the northern counties of Missouri. In 1861, he became a member of an independent cavalry company. In 1862, engaged in the cattle trade quite extensively. During the rebel- lion he was an active politician, being a staunch Republican. He is a good illustration of what economy and perseverance can accomplish ; having began in life with small means, and having been prudent in his expenditures, he richly merits the success which has attended his career. He found a wife in the person of Miss Xanna AUnut, whom he married in October, 1872. Their famil)- consists of six children : Minnie, Dais)-, Maggie, Richard, Ellen and Willard. DR. J. V. SCRUGGS, section 13, post office Lathrop, was born in Scott County, Kentuck)-, and was raised at Warsaw, Gallatin Count)-, some seven miles from Georgetown. He received an excellent education, and is a master of the Latin and German languages. Having long had a taste for the medical profession, he commenced reading in 1848 with Drs. Chambers and Baldwin, of Georgetown, Kentucky, with whom he continued until 1851. In the winter of 1851-2 he attended lectures at Jefferson College, Phila- delphia, Pennsylvania, and there continued reading, in 1858, moving to Greenville, Clay County, Missouri. He was there engaged in the prac- tice of his profession till the summer of i860, when he returned to Ken- tucky and graduated from the Kentucky State Medical University in 1861. L'pon coming to Missouri, he located at Hainesville, Clinton County, and devoted his time to his chosen profession, and in 1870 moved to Kearney, Clay County, where he practiced till 1880. At that time Dr. Scruggs moved to his present place of abode. He was united in marriage in February, 1852, to Miss H. S. Frank, a native of Ken- 254 BIOGRAPHICAL. tucky, born on the 25th of March, 1S32. They have two children, C. D.,. and Jennie V. The family are members of the Christian Church. Their estate consists of 100 acres of well improved land, situated within one- half mile of the city of Lathrop. WILLIAM A. SEATON, farmer and stock raiser, section 18, post office Lathrop, is one among the leading farmers of Clinton County. He is a native of Tennessee, and was born on the 15th day of November, 1833. He resided in his native state until the age of nine years, when, with his parents, he moved to Daviess County, Missouri, in 1842, and there remained till 1843. He then settled in Platte County, and in 185 1, moved to Clinton County, where he assisted his parents in cultivating the farm till 1855, when he apprenticed himself to Thomas Palmer, for the purpose of learning the carpenter's trade. After working some six months under that gentle- man, he entered into partnership with him, they continuing as a firm for three years. Into whatever Mr. Seaton undertakes, he throws his whole energy, and to this end his success may be largely attributed. On the nth day of April, 1858, he was married to Miss Tabitha Ann St. John. After his marriage, Mr. Seaton purchased a farm, and has devoted his time to improving it. His estate comprises 250 acres of land, the result of his own industry and good management. Mr. and Mrs. S. have a family of eight children : Thomas I., Nancy J., Francis M., William H., Solomon I., Adelia M., Lulu B. and Charles G. They are members of the M. E. Church. MONROE I. SIMPSON, farmer and stock raiser, section 4, post office Lathrop, is a native of Warren County, Kentucky, and was born on the 3d day of January, 1844. He lived in that county until the age of sixteen years. His father having died, when Monroe was two years old, in 1859, with his mother, he came to Clinton County, Missouri, and settled where he now resides, purchasing a farm, which he improved. Mrs. Simpson here reared her family, and deserves great credit for the manner in which she brought them up, giving them the benefits of a good education. Mr. Monroe Simpson is a man of good moral principles, industrious and an excellent manager. He is very positive in character and possesses indomitable will and energy, which never yields even to the most adverse circum- stances. He was married on the 4th day of January, 1872, to Miss Telitha J. Walker, who was born on the 6th day of March, 1848. She is a native of Clinton County, Missouri. Their family consists of two children : Albert D., born March 2, 1874; and Williard M., born March 17, 1S78. Mr. and Mrs. Simpson arc both church members. l.ATIIROr TOWXSIIII'. 255 A. C. SMITH. farmer and stock raiser, the oldest son of ex-Govcrnor George Smith, is a native of Columbiana, Ohio, and was born in 1836, on a farm. At the age of nine years, he, with his parents, moved to Caldwell County, Mis- souri, in 1845, settling on a farm. A. C. attended school during the win- ters, and assisted his father on the farm in the summer months. At the age of twenty-two he entered the Eclectic College, at Hiram, Portage County, Ohio, in which institution he remained, diligently pursuing his studies, for one year. Returning to Missouri, he was engaged in farming until 1861, when he enlisted in Company A, Sixth Missouri Volunteer Infantry, and served for thirteen months. He was also a member of the Thirteenth Missouri Volunteer Infantry, with which regiment he served one year. In 1866, he was united in marriage with Miss Jennie J. Smaly, a native of Cincinnati, Ohio. They have seven children: Wil- liam C, Edwin M., Blanch I., Llewellyn, George L., Clara B. and Roy. Mr. and Mrs. Smith are both church members. A. T. STAPLES, farmer, stock raiser and dealer, section i, was born in Champaign County, Ohio, June 30, 1836. His father moved to Michigan, where he lived for several years, and then took up his abode with his family, in Indiana, where he died, in 1844. In 1854, the subject of this sketch went to California, remaining until 1861, when he returned to Indiana. In 1868, he came to Clinton County, Missouri. Here he bought a portion of the farm he now owns, and has been adding to it, from time to time, until it now embraces 367 acres. He has been a hard working man, has dealt largely in stock, and in feeding the same has succeeded beyond his most sanguine hopes. Mr. S. is one of the thorough, substantial farmers in the township, and has done much towards its improvement. His farm land is stocked with the best of blooded cattle and hogs. He mar- ried Miss V. A. Foodray, of Fulton County, Indiana, in 1866. They have three children, Willie C, Eda O., Malta Laverna. Mr. S. and his brother-in-law, Simon Bicklc, who died some time since, both settled on section i, of this township, at one time owning nearly all of that section. The latter was one of the most enterprising men in this vicinity. EBENEZER STEEL, farmer, section 2, was born in Green County, Ohio, April 6, 1821. He received a good education and was brought up as a farmer, after which he bought the old homestead, there living for fifty years. In 1876, he exchanged the old farm for his home in Clinton County, Missouri, upon which he immediately moved. This he has greatly improved, and 256 BIOGRAPHICAL. now owns 280 acres of land. As a stock farm it is unsurpassed by any in the county. Mr. Steel, although not an old settler in the county, has made many friends here by his steady habits and obliging nature. He married Miss Catharine Shirey in Warren County, Ohio, May 19, 1842. They have five children living, Henry E., Joseph Granville, Warren But- ler, Ebenezer C, and Oliver P. Morton. Five died while in infancy. John W., his eldest son, was a member of Company E, Ninety-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He passed through nine hard fought battles, and during the last one, which was at Buzzard's Roost, he fell bravely defending the old flag. Melvin D., aged twenty-four, died in this county in August, 1876. Mr. Steel has belonged to the German Reformed Church for forty years. He is a consistent Christian and a liberal supporter to its treasury. In politics he has always been a republican. MASON SUMMERS was born in Montgomery County, Kentucky, February 6, 1801. His paternal grandfather and parents moved from Virginia to Kentucky in 1791. His father, John Summers, volunteered in the patriot army at the age of sixteen, and was present at the surrender of Cornwallis. His grandfather died, in Kentucky, at the advanced age of one hundred and nineteen years. At the age of one hundred and ten years, he voted at an election in Mount Sterling, Montgomery County, Kentucky. Mason was the eighth of a family of twelve children, seven sons and five daughters. The two eldest were born in Virginia ; the others in Ken- tucky. He left May's Lick, Mason County, his home in Kentucky, on the 8th of September, 1836, and reached Clay County, Missouri, October 15, following. He continued to reside there till the spring of 1849, when he moved to a locality in Clinton County, within two and a half miles of what is now the town of Lathrop, where he owned a farm of 1,120 acres. He continued to farm there, on a large scale, for the period of seven years. In 1856, he moved to Hainesville, in Jackson Town- ship, where, in partnership with James P. Gee, he opened the largest stock of goods ever offered for sale in the place. They continued to operate till the civil war compelled them to suspend and wrecked their fortunes. In the spring of 1875, he moved to Lathrop, where he has since continued to reside. December 4, 1823, he was married to Miss Maria Bell, a daughter of Daniel Bell, of Virginia. They had ten chil- dren, four sons and six daughters. Of these (in 1881) two sons, James Mason and John T., and two daughters, Mrs. Matilda Peters and Laura Summers, survive. One son, Aaron M. Summers, a youth of rare gifts of intellect, was graduated in Bethany College with high honors in the class of 1857, and died shortly after from the effects of intense mental applica- I \ iMKcii' lowNsiiir. 257 tion. In 1828, Mr. Summers united with the liaptist Church at May's Lick, Kentucky. He was among the earliest to unite vvitli the Cliristian Church, of which he has ever since continued to be an active and zealous member, and a prominent and liberal supporter. In his generation one of the wealthiest men in this section of country, in the closing days of his advanced age he bears the reverses of fortune with a cheerful JOHN THOMAS SUMMERS was born in Clay County, Missouri, November 24, 1842. At the age of eight years he came to Clinton County, Mi.ssouri, with his father, Mason Summers. He obtained a good business education, chiefly by his own exertions, and at the age of seventeen he enlisted in the Confederate army, serving until the close of the war. He participated in several hard fought battles ; was promoted to lieutenant for meritorious conduct ; afterwards commanded a company, and was a general favorite with all the men of his regiment. He received a wound at the battle of Biakely. Mr. S. is entitled to great cretlit for the care with which he has watched over his aged parents, his father now being in his eighty-first )ear. John remains unmarried. OLIVER B. SWEAT, sadille \ .^" ,., V/M ^' o V ^-./ .^^•V. x- ^°^ 'A " J" .... r/...^^X/-OT^'>^-^ rP^>l'J V ^"•V i'-.X/