a i ui arc! America i 
 Silk Skein 
 
 IMPROVEMl-N 
 
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Silk Exchange Building, 
 
 Broadway, cor. Broome St., 
 
 New York, March, 1902. 
 
 Sir: 
 
 The want of Uniformity in size and length of silk reeled in different parts of the world, is both 
 an annoyance and expense to the American silk manufacturers, and this Association has adopted resolutions 
 defining what the American manufacturers would like to have. 
 
 The burden of these resolutions is embodied in the accompanying official circular, and we would 
 most respectfully suggest that you take such steps as you may deem wise to give currency to these 
 suggestions, and assist in having them accepted and adopted. 
 
 Thanking you in anticipation, 
 
 I remain, dear sir, your most obedient servant, 
 
 Secretary, Silk Association of America. 
 
 To Reelers of Raw Silk : 
 
 The want of regularity in size and length of silk skeins, as well as. the poor traverse adopted 
 by many filatures, has tended to increase the cost of throwing in this country, where labor is so important 
 an item. 
 
 This Association has, through a special committee, arrived at the conditions as to above features that 
 will best suit American requirements, and have adopted as the "Standard American Skein " the following : 
 
 Length: Skein to measure 56 to 58 inches in circumference. 
 
 Width: Width on reel to be 3 inches. 
 
 Traverse: Threads to make 33 complete crossings across the skein, and back in 50 revolutions of the 
 skein, as shown in the accompanying drawing. 
 
 Size: Skeins to contain silk to the weight of 2% to 3 ounces, the lighter for fine sizes, the heaviei for 
 
 coarse sizes, but in no case to exceed 3 ounces. 
 
 Skeins : Always single skeins laced through in two places directly opposite each other. 
 
 Such skeins will hereafter be recognized by this- Association as the "Standard American Silk 
 Skein," but such recognition does not imply that this skein is required in order to make a good delivery, 
 except and unless the contract specifically calls for the " Standard American Skein." 
 
 While not demanding that reelers should adopt our recommendations, we will earnestly recommend 
 them to do so, and would point out that those most closely following buyers requirements always receive 
 the preference. 
 
 THE SILK ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA. 
 
 Attest : 
 
 JJ&^^^r^^sss^ 
 
 March, 1902. 
 
 Secretary. 
 
Associazione Serica d'America, 
 
 Silk Exchange Building, 
 
 New York City, U. S. A. 
 
 New York, Marzo, 1902. 
 Signori, 
 
 La mancanza di uniformita nella grossezza e lunghezza delle flotte di gveggia filata nelle differenti 
 parti del mondo e un disturbo ed una spesa pei fabbricanti Americani, e questa associazione adotto risolu- 
 zioni che definiscono il desiderio dei nostri fabbricanti. 
 
 Queste risoluzioni sono spiegate nella circolare ufficiale qui acclusa e rispettosamente vi preghiamo 
 di voler fare conoscere, ed assisterci nel farle accettare ed adottare. 
 Ringraziandovi anticipatamente 
 
 Mi dichiaro 
 
 Segretario dell' Associazione Serica d'America. 
 
 Ai Signori filandieri, 
 
 La mancanza di uniformita nella grossezza e lunghezza delle flotte di seta greggia, come anche il 
 cattivo zetto adottato da tante filande, fa si che aumenta di troppo il costo della lavorazione in questo paese 
 dove la mano d'opera e tanto cara. 
 
 Quest'associazione ha, a mezzo d'un commitato speciale, determinate quali debbano essere i requisite 
 della merce perche" possa soddisfare le esigenze dei mercato Americano, ed ha percid adottato un tipo di 
 flotta avente i requisiti seguenti : 
 
 /. Lunghezza: La flotta deve misurare 142 a 148 cent. 
 
 2. Larghezza : Larghezza della flotta 7 a 8 centimetri. 
 
 3. Zetto: I fili devono fare 33 giri completi in 50 rivoluzioni dell'aspa come dimostrata dal 
 
 disegno qui unito. 
 
 4. Peso: Le flotte devono pesare 70 a 85 grammi, il piu leggiero pei titoli fini, l'altro pei 
 
 titoli tondi, ma in nessun caso al di la di 85 grammi. 
 
 5. Flotte: Sempre una sol flotta, allacciata in due punti opposti. 
 
 Dette flotte saranno d'ora innanzi riconosciute da questa associazione come " flotta tipo Americano " 
 ma tale riconoscimento non sara indispensabile perche" la concessa possa dirsi bene eseguita, a meno che il 
 contratto non richieda specificatamente "la flotta tipo Americano." 1 
 
 Mentre noi domandiamo che i signori filandieri si conformino alia nostra raccomandazione, tuttavia 
 rispettosamente rammentiamo che coloro che piu si avvicinano ai requisiti voluti dai compratori ricevono 
 sempre la preferenza. 
 
 L'ASSOCIAZIONE SERICA D'AMERICA. 
 Attesta 
 
 Segretario. 
 
 II sottoscritto certifica che la presente e una fedele traduzione del documento annesso che e pubbli- 
 cato dalla associazione Serica d'America. 
 
 _^* (Firmato) G. BRANCHI, 
 
 J L- S- j Regio Console Generate d'ltalia in New York. 
 
Silk Association of America, 
 
 Silk Exchange Building, 
 
 BROADWAY ET BROOME STREETS, 
 
 New York City, Etats-Unis d'Amerique, 
 
 ARS, I902. 
 
 Le manque d'uniformite dans le volume et la longueur des flottes de soies filees dans les 
 diffe'rentes contrees est tout a la fois une incommodite - ct une cause d'augpnentation de depenses pour 
 les fabricants Americains. La " Silk Association of America" a adopte des resolutions qui font connaitre 
 les ddsirs des fabricants a ce sujet. 
 
 Le r^surn^ de ces resolutions est renferme dans la circulaire officielle incluse, et nous vous 
 prions de nous aider a les faire connaitre, accepter et meftre en pratique. 
 
 Je vous remercie d'avance de votre bienveillant concours et vous prie d'accepter l'assurance de 
 ma haute consideration. 
 
 Secretaire de la " Silk Association of America.' 
 
 A Messieurs les Filateurs de soies greces. 
 
 Le manque de regularity dans le volume et la longeur des flottes de soies greges, aussi bien 
 que la croisure ddfectueuse adoptee dans beaucoup de filatures, tendent a augmenter le prix du 
 moulinage dans ce pays, oil la main d'ceuvre est ddja une depense si considerable. 
 
 La " Silk Association of America," par le travail d'un commits special, est arrived k returner 
 les ddsirs de l'ensemble des fabricants sur ce point, et a adopte" comme flotte modele pour le maroh^ 
 Amencain la flotte file> dans les conditions suivantes : 
 
 /. Longueur, La circonterence de la flotte doit 6tre de 142 a 147 centimetres. 
 
 La croisure k la filature doit couvrir une largeur de 75 millimetres. 
 
 Le fil doit faire trente-trois double croisures sur la flotte durant cinquante 
 
 revolutions du guindre, comme il est montre" dans Tesquisse ci-jointe. 
 La flotte doit contenir de soixante-dix a quatre-vingt-cinq grammes de soie, 
 
 suivant le titre, sans ddpasser dans aucun cas quatre-vingt-cinq grammes. 
 La flotte doit etre li<£e en deux points directement opposes l'un a l'autre. 
 Cette flotte sera ddsormais reconnue par la "Silk Association of America," comme la flotte 
 type Amdricaine ; cette reconnaissance toutefois n'obligera pas, pour remplir un contract, a lfvrer de 
 telles flottes, a moins que le contrat tie stipule speaalement la livraison de "flotte type Americaine." 
 
 Sans faire une obligation k Messieurs les Filateurs d'adopter nos recommendations, nous ne 
 pouvons que les encourager a s'y conformer, leur rappelant que la demande se porte toujours,de 
 preference du c6te du vendeur qui cherche k satisfaire l'acheteur. 
 
 Largeur, 
 Croisure, 
 
 Orosseur, 
 Liure, 
 
 THE SILK ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA, 
 
 Vu pour traduction certifie'e sincere d'un original k Nous prdsente et rendu immddiatement a, 
 l'intdresse\ 
 
 New York, le 14 Mars, 1902, 
 
 Le V. Consul Chancelier, 
 (Signed A. JOUVE. 
 
 us. 
 
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STANDARD TRAVERSE 
 
 AS RECOMMENDED BY 
 
 THE SILK ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA 
 
 FEBRUVr 1902 
 
Silk Exchange Building 
 
 Broadway, cor. Broome St. 
 
 New York, February 10, 1909. 
 
 To Reelers of Raw Silk in and near Canton, China: — 
 
 On account of the numerous complaints respecting the winding of Canton Filature silks in the present 
 season, the Raw Silk Division of the Silk Association of America have unanimously agreed upon the following 
 report and recommendation on the 26th of January, 1909. 
 
 On the 10th of February, 1909, the Board of Managers of the Silk Association of America have 
 approved and adopted this report, with the recommendation that it be printed in the Chinese language, and suitably 
 illustrated, and the same be distributed to reelers and exporters of Canton silks. 
 
 I am also directed by the Board of Managers of the Silk Association of America to accompany this 
 report and recommendation to Canton reelers, with a copy of the original recommendation of the Association regard- 
 ing the Standard American Silk Skein, adopted in March, 1902. 
 
 All of which is respectfully urged upon the careful attention of silk reelers in Canton, in their own in- 
 terests and in furtherance of closer and more satisfactory business relations with the American Silk Industry. 
 
 Attest : 
 
 <3fa 
 
 Secretary, Silk Association of America. 
 
 IMPROVEMENT OF CANTON FILATURE SKEINS 
 
 Whereas the winding of Canton Filatures has always been more or less unsatisfactory to American 
 manufacturers, caused by fine ends, double ends, loose ends, hard gummed reel marks, insufficient traverse in the 
 skein, too large or too small skeins of irregular length, etc., and, 
 
 Whereas these imperfections could be remedied by greater care from the Reelers of Canton in preparing 
 their silk for export, and, 
 
 Whereas, while silk producers of Shanghai, Japan and Europe have in recent years improved the 
 preparation of their skeins, the silk producers of Canton have allowed their qualitv of skein to deteriorate, because 
 of the above mentioned imperfections ; now therefore be it : 
 
 RESOLVED, That American buyers and manufacturers do pledge themselves to give a decided 
 preference to Filatures that avoid the above imperfections, and comply, as far as possible, with the following 
 conditions:- 
 
 1 — Tie up ends in reeling or re-reeling, and make traverse faster in reeling or re-reeling the silk. Make as 
 near as possible 33 crossings of the thread over and back across the skein for 50 revolutions of the reel. 
 
 2— Make only single skeins to weigh 254 to 4 ounces, preferably 3 ounces ; and avoid two or more skeins to 
 the hank. 
 
 3 — Contact points of reel to be about y 2 inch and rounded, (as per illustration), so that skeins will have 
 a wider gum, instead of a sharp gum with a sharp bend in the thread. 
 
 4 — Skeins must be laced through in two places, directly opposite each other; lacings to be of smooth, fine cot- 
 ton or silk yarn slack twist. 
 
 5— Make skeins 56 to 58 inches in circumference — so that they will fit regular American machinery. 
 
 6 — Avoid double ends in the skein in reeling or rereeling. 
 
 7 — In all details to follow the Standard American Silk Skein as far as possible. 
 
 We do further suggest that the system which has improved the working qualities of Japan Silks, i. e., 
 re reeling the skeins, if used in Canton, would so vastly enhance the value of Canton Filatures, that American buyers 
 would gladly pay such additional price for re-reeled Canton Filature silks as to more than compensate the Reelers, who 
 will inaugurate in their filandas the system of re-reeling their product into Standard American silk skeins. 
 
 Adopted by the Raw Silk Division of the Silk Association oj America, January 26, 1900. 
 
 Attest : 
 
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 IMPROVEMENT OF CANTON FILATURE SKEINS 
 Reproduction from photograph showing how the Standard 
 American Silk Skein should be laced through in two places directly 
 opposite each other, lacings to be of smooth, fine cotton or silk