.-^^ 
 
s^^^""' 
 
 17?6, ^t^^I^IAL Q^ 
 
 <^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 TO 
 
 1575. 
 
 Hllilil|li, §iK Wli 
 
 .A.3SriD 
 
 H. A. MILLER & CO. 
 
 H. A. MiUer. Louis M. Hastings. E. R. Jones. 
 
 'P^K^'^^^f^e^^ Gex'l Ticket Depaktmext B. & 0. R. R. »^^^^r^ 
 
 Sherwood & Co., i'RiXTKRs, Baltimoiie. 
 
L. MOflRISON. J.^H. WILLIAMS, 
 
 iV. U, Corner Sharp and German Streets, 
 
 P20P2IET0SS OF THE 
 
 MABY^ANB GAS WQBKS, 
 
 BUILDERS OF 
 
 STSAU FITTERS, 
 
 MANUFACTUSZES OF 
 
 ift & Force Punips, 
 
 DEALES3 IN 
 
 And Ever; Variety of 
 
 HACIIIXEEV m APPLIASCES 
 
 For siipi)l.vinK Towns, ru])lic BuildiDgP 
 
 Country Hosiik-nces, Railroad 
 
 .Stations, &c., with 
 
 Gas, Water and Steam. 
 liest Quality of Gas Oils Manvfactnreih 
 
 GAS, WATER AND STEAM TIPE. Also STEAM AND 
 
 WATER BRASS WORK, TERRA COTTA 
 
 J)RAIN AND SEWER PIPE. 
 
 CONTRACTORS FOR COUNTRY WORK. 
 
^, mot>ir%>^^t>*B 
 
 ^i 
 
 gra; 
 
 
 "^^yr^ .-^X/ G^ Q: mar g^ 
 
 CALL AND SEE OUR "GLACE SOUVENIRS," ALSO THE NEW STYLE 
 OF "I'ROMENADES." 
 
 PORTRAITS 
 
 IN OIL, 
 
 PASTEL, 
 
 and CRAYON. 
 PHOTOGRAPHS IN 
 
 WATER COLORS, 
 
 INDIA INK, &c. 
 Porcelain Miniatures and all kinds of 
 Fine Artistic Work. 
 A large stock of Frames constantly on hand at low prices. 
 9^Two Mammoth Sky -lights, one especially kept for taking groujis 
 1 
 
 Having one of the most extensive 
 and well appointed Galleries in the 
 country, I can guarantee work that can- 
 not be excelled. 
 
 Every Negative is finely and artist- 
 ically RI>-T0UCHE1), producing great 
 delicacy of complexion. 
 
 B^We guarantee satisfaction. 
 
-$ 
 
 _^o^t sr^^_^_ 
 
 THEITBE ! 
 
 fii§t-|l3|^ Iraiatle 
 
 AND 
 
 f Allllf f ilAf 11 
 
 §§4M4^ ^4§€(g§^ 
 
 tlttl fiiltlfl 
 
i^rtislic Decorators in Fresco 
 
 HOUSE, SIGN AND BANNER PAINTERS, 
 
 ESTABLISHED IN 3 848. 
 
 AND 
 
 PRIVATE MANSIONS 
 
 PAINTED AND DECORATED 
 
 m um 
 
 Db^SIGNS AND FIGLKES 
 
 IN THE 
 
 Aiicierjt and Modern Sljles, 
 
 Fipres, Emblems, Fruits, Flowers, 
 
 Kalsiiiiiiiiiig of Walls and Ceilings. 
 
 Imitations of Wood and Stone, Parti-tints, 
 Gloss White and every description of House 
 Painting. 
 
 Sign Painting, Gilding on Glass, Banners, 
 Flags, &c., &c., in our usual style. 
 
 Specimens of the finest work shown, and 
 references given. 
 
 276 W. Baltimore St., Baltimore. 
 
 MOHLEE. BKOTHEES, 
 
 (Successors to GWIN, MOHLER & CO.) 
 
 CommissiQii Me^chaatij 
 
 86 S. EUTAW STREET, 
 
IMPORTANT TO TRAVELERS. 
 
 SAMUEL HUNT & SON, 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 mmi^. 
 
 
 i» 
 
 S32 W. Baltimore Si 
 
 BAT TIMORJl. 
 
FAIRBANKS' SCALES. 
 
 Ri.M,Depl, Hay, W8iM Scales 
 
 BUT ONLY THE aENUINE 
 
 Adapted to every required operation of Weighiug. 
 
 SCALES 
 For Rolling Mills, Furnaces, Foundries and Miners' Use. 
 
 SCALES 
 For Stores, Mills and Wharves. 
 
 SCALES 
 For Elevators and Grain Warehouses. 
 
 SCALES 
 For Farmers, Butchers, Druggists, &c., &c. 
 
 The Most Perfect Alarm Cash Drawers, 
 
 MILES' ALARM TILL CO.'S. 
 MANTFACTURERS, 
 
 E. & T. FAIRBANKS 6c CO., St. Johnsburg, Vermont. 
 
 PRINCIPAL SALS WAREHOUSES, 
 
 FAIRBANKS & CO., 311 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. 
 FAIRBANKS & EWING, 715 CHESNUT ST., PHILADELPHIA. 
 FAIRBANKS & CO., 166 BALTIMORE ST., BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
S. Hamilton Caug-hy. 
 
 N. W. Caugrhy. 
 
 Wholesale and Eetail Dealers in 
 
 C£ O THIN/G /■ 
 
 JSTos. 165 & 167 W. Baltimore Street, 
 
 JBetween Calvert and Light >Sts. 
 
 0{)posite Adams & Co.'s Express Office, 
 
 B. C, BIBB & SON, 
 
 SUCCESSORS TO 
 
 J3 IBR Ac CO 
 
 Nos. 39 & 41 Light Street, 
 BALTIMORE, 
 
 Patentees and Sole Manufacturers of the 
 
 Bl's DoDlile Illnniiiiateil Fire Place Heaters 
 
 With Clinker Removing- Grate, of Various Styles. 
 
 MAN0FACTUREB8 AND DEALERS IN 
 
 FURNACES, RA:N^ES, STOVES, AGEICUL- 
 TURAL CALDRONS, &c. 
 
 K?" Agents for Blodgctl'a Patent Portable Ovens for Ilotele, SteaniboatB, 
 Private I'amllles. &c. 
 
CENTENNIAL GUIDE 
 
 TO 
 
 f iiMDiLPim, limioii, 
 
 AND 
 
 ^\^^SH[iNaTO]sr, 
 
 WITH DESCSIPTION OP THE 
 
 BiJLTIftlORE PD 01^10 RAILROAD. 
 
 BY 
 
 H. A. M I LLER & CO. 
 
 G>:n'l Ticket Depaktmkjjt B. & O. li. R. 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 mf ^.' 
 
 H. ^. Miller. Louis f^. };|asiings. E. R. Joijes. 
 
 OIECTJLATION 10,000 COPIES. 
 
 Entered according to Act of C oncrtss, in the year 187C, by H. A. Miller & Co. 
 In the OJflce of the Librarian of Cor^reeB, at Washington. 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby Hotise. 
 
 of the nation would be exposed to tlie world, and would 
 render us the jest and laughing-stock of all enlightened 
 people. 
 
 Not content with the mischief that they had already 
 done the enterprise, they appealed to the people with 
 all the venom and bitterness of confirmed monomaniacs, 
 through falsely presenting the statistics of other exhi- 
 bitions of a similar character, which they claimed had 
 been, without a single exception, a financial failure and 
 a ruinous project, though under the management of 
 more matured and wealthier governments, which failure 
 proved conclusively that our Utopian scheme must in- 
 evitably end likewise. Again, they endeavored to deaden 
 the undertaking by creating dissension among the orig- 
 inators and dissatisfaction among the rival cities — who 
 were anxious for the honor, by claiming advantages for 
 each in derogation of the others — thus pitting city 
 against city, clogging the wheels and stopping the ma- 
 chinery; but by persevering efforts and convincing ar- 
 guments on the part of the active movers in the under- 
 taking, and by the power of a mighty press, the grum- 
 blings of the dissatisfied few soon ceased, and their 
 prejudiced fnlminations no longer harassed the pro- 
 ceedings of. the Commissioners, who were thus enabled 
 to pursue their course in harmony and peace, supported 
 by the popular voice, and encouraged by the notice 
 taken of their efforts by foreign nations, who seemed to 
 be affected as enthusiusti ally as onr own people over 
 the Exhibition i; embryo. 
 
 The Commissioners appointed, tlie work commenced 
 in earnest. The first business was the organization of 
 the necessarv bureaus, consistinir of vai-ious committees 
 
JAMES D. MASON & CO. 
 
 Manufacturers of all kinds Biscuits, Crackers &]Pancy Cakes. 
 
 and sub-commiUees, to which were referred all the 
 work pertaining to the furtherance of the pUin of the 
 Commission, thougli complex in character yet so neatly 
 balanced that a systematic combination thoroughly 
 drilled in their duties and perfectly conversant with the 
 specifications of the Chief Manager is the result. Hav- 
 ing organized with the following gentlemen as the 
 United Stixtes Centennial Commission, designated by 
 act of Congress-President, Joseph R. Hawley ; Vice- 
 Presidents, Alfred T. Osborn, Orestes Cleveland, John 
 D. Creigh, Robert Lowrey, Robert Mallory; Director- 
 General, Alfred T. J. Goshom; Secretary, John S. 
 Campbell; Counsellor and Solicitor, John S. Shoe- 
 maker, Esq,— the work of placing more systematically 
 and favorably their plans before the people of the United 
 States began, and so thorough and extensive have been 
 the circulation of their pamphlets and the dissemina- 
 tion of the results of their labors by publication in in- 
 numerable papers and through agents, that every cor- 
 ner of our land has been reached, and every child of our 
 broad country knows now that the United States pur- 
 p ,se celebrating their Centennial Birthday by the in- 
 auguration of an Exhibition far surpassing the grandest 
 display of any nation since the organization of society. 
 The first work of importance directly connected with 
 the proje>;t was the selection of the site for the Exhibi- 
 tion. Though many objections had been urged against 
 Philadelphia as the place to which was to be awarded 
 the honor, vet when the practicability of the situation, 
 and the thousand advantages that that c ity possessed 
 
 Read's Grand Duchess Cologne, 179 Baltimore St. 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 "W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby House. 
 
 over other cities was made apparent to the opposers of 
 the selection, they readily concurred in the choice'. 
 The choice of the beautiful spot in Fairmount Park 
 evinced the good taste and practical minds of the Com- 
 missioners. From the point upon which the buildings 
 are located the scene is at once grand and picturesque 
 in the highest degree — the city in all its grandeur and 
 immensity in the rear, sending muffled sounds like the 
 roar of the sea to the ear from its thousands of busy 
 sources — the beautiful, romantic and much-sung-of 
 Schuylkill winding spiral-like in front, through grassy 
 shores, verdant groves and shady dells, affording a pleas- 
 ant relief to the tired eye and bewildered brain, made 
 so by the amazing and surprising sights presented to 
 them in their rounds of observation ; upon the bosom 
 of the stream the small steamers of the Schuylkill Co. 
 at all times filled with pleasure parties en route for the 
 " Falls of the Schuylkill " or the Zoological Gardens, 
 glide swiftly past to their destination. 
 
 The question of the site having been disposed of, the 
 next' was that of receiving proposals and plans for the 
 various buildings. By close and persevering study of 
 the buildings used for exhibitory purposes at the Vienna 
 and Paris Expositions, the Committee appointed to se- 
 lect from tliL' hundreds of plans submitted for their 
 consideration were better able to choose judiciously and 
 wisely, and their selection certainly has evinced their 
 good taste, as they liave been universally admired and 
 commended. The principal structure is the Main Ex- 
 hibition Hall, which strikes the observer as surprising 
 in its vastness aiul comprehensiveness, stretching in an 
 unbroken width of 4(14 feet to an extreme length of 
 
 12 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 "W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby Souse. 
 
 1,880 feet. The characteristics of this biiihling, with 
 its tiill towers in the cent-r and at either end, are strik- 
 ing and effective in an architectural sense, as well as 
 almost confusing in its presentation of extraordinary 
 and magnificent distances. The general arrangement 
 of the ground i)lan of the Main Buildiug shows a cen- 
 tral avenue or nave 120 feet in width, and extending 
 1,832 feet in length. Tiiis is the longest avenue of that 
 width ever introduced into an exhibition building. On 
 either side of this nave there is an avenue 100 feet wide 
 by 1,832 feet in length. Between the nave and side 
 avenues are aisles 48 feet wide, and on the other sides 
 of the building smaller aisles 24 feet in width, the 
 whole covering an area of 936,008 square feet, divided 
 into parallel zones, lengthwise of the building — the va- 
 rious nations occupying sections crosswise, so that the 
 products of each class of the whole world will be 
 brought into the same line. 
 
 West of the Main Building, parallel with Elm avenue, 
 is the Macliinery Hall, the second of the colossal struc- 
 tures, which consists of the main hall, 360 feet wide, 
 1,402 feet long, and an annex about the center of the 
 south side of 208 feet by 210 feet. The entire area 
 covered by the main hall and annex is 558,440 square 
 feet, or 12.82 acres. Including the upper floors, the 
 building provides fourteen acres of flooring space. The 
 east entrance will form the principal approach from the 
 street cars, from the Main Exhibition Building and 
 from the railroad depot ; along the south side will be 
 placed the boiler-houses and such other buildings for 
 special kinds of machinery as may be required. The 
 western entrance affords the most direct communication 
 
 14 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby Hotise. 
 
 with George's Hill, which point offers the best view of 
 the entire exhibition grounds. 
 
 It is difficult for the mind to comprehend the immens- 
 ity of these two structures, as mere description alone 
 is inadequate to convey to the mind tlieir magnitude 
 and vast proportions. To fully grasp the idea of their 
 size we must compare them with some structure whose 
 dimensions are known to us. Those who have seen 
 the Capitol at Washington, and knowing that it covers 
 but 3i acres, and is but 751 feet long and 324 feet wide, 
 can well appreciate the size of these buildings when 
 they are made aware of the fact that they cover 35.47 
 acres, nearly twelve times the space occupied by the 
 Capitol at Washington. 
 
 North of the Main Building, on Lansdown Terrace, 
 is located the Horticultural Building, ornate and com- 
 modious, built in the Mauresque style of the 12th cen- 
 tury, and is to remain in permanence as an ornament to 
 the Park. The length of the building is 385 feet, width 
 193 feet, and hight 72 feet. The main floor is occu- 
 pied by the Central Conservatory, 230 feet by 80 feet, 
 and 55 feet high. At a hight of 20 feet is a gallery 
 five feet wide, running entirely around the Conserva- 
 tory. On the north and south sides of this principal 
 room are four forcing-houses for the propagation of 
 young plants, each 100 by 30 feet, with curved roofs of 
 iron and glass, as perceived in the cut; dividing two 
 forcing-houses on each side is a vestibule 30 feet square ; 
 at the center of the east and west ends are similar ves- 
 tibules, on either side of which are restaurjints, recep- 
 tion-rooms, etc. From the vestibules ornamental stair- 
 ways lead to the iifalleries in the Conservatory and to 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby Hotise. 
 
 ings which have made Philadelphia famous and one of 
 the most attractive and interesting of all cities to the 
 tourist, is the substantial and beautiful structure ever 
 to be known as Memorial Hall. As it is to stand as a 
 permanent testimony and monument to the memory of 
 those who signed the Declaration of Independence in 
 1776, it is built in the modern Kenaissance style of ar- 
 chitecture, composed of granite, stone and glass, thor- 
 oughly fire-proof, 365 feet in length, 210 feet in width 
 and 59 feet in hight; surmounted by a dome 150 feet 
 high, capped by a colossal ball, from which rises the 
 figure of Columbia. The center hall and galleries form 
 one grand hall 287 feet long and 85 feet wide, capable 
 of holding eight thousand persons, nearly twice the di- 
 mensions of the largest hall in this country. In this 
 magnificent edifice will be displayed all the treasures of 
 art. Not only Avill the public art galleries and mu- 
 seums of this country be em})tied to assist in tlie dis- 
 play, but those rendered famous by the rarity jiiul an- 
 tiquity of tlieir collections in the old world, where art 
 had its birth and the most renowned of its representa- 
 tives flourished ; beside the numerous and wealthy pri- 
 vate collections will all be tendered and unquestionably 
 accepted. Tl.is building has been constructed S( lely 
 at the expense of the State of Pennsylvania -ind city of 
 Philadelphia, cost ng $1,500,000. After the Expositio!) 
 it is to be used as the receptacle of an industrial and 
 art collection, simihir to the renowned South Kensing- 
 ton Museum in London. Long afier the Grand Exhi- 
 bition in honor of tlie Nation's Centennial l^irthday, 
 with its associations and incidents, will have been for- 
 gotten and passed into historv, this structure will re- 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby House. 
 
 ings which have made Philadelphia famous and one of 
 the most attractive and interesting of all cities to the 
 tourist, is the substantial and beautiful structure ever 
 to be known as Memorial Hall. As it is to stand as a 
 permanent testimony and monument to the memory of 
 those who signed the Declaration of Independence in 
 1776, it is built in the modern Renaissance style of ar- 
 chitecture, composed of granite, stone and glass, thor- 
 oughly fire-proof, 365 feet in length, 210 feet in width 
 and 59 feet in hight; surmounted by a dome 150 feet 
 high, capped by a colossal ball, from which rises the 
 figure of Columbia. The center hall and galleries form 
 one grand hall 287 feet long and 85 feet wide, capable 
 of holding eight thousand persons, nearly twice the di- 
 mensions of the largest hall in this country. In this 
 magnificent edifice Avill be displayed all the treasures of 
 art. Not only will tlie public art galleries and mu- 
 seums of this country be em})tied to assist in ttie dis- 
 play, but those rendered famous by the rarity and an- 
 tiquity of tlieir collections in the old Avorld, where art 
 had its birth and the most renowned of its representa- 
 tives flourished ; beside the numerous and wealthy pri- 
 vate collections will all be tendered and unquestionably 
 accepted. Tl.is building has been constructed S( lely 
 at the expense of the State of Pennsylvania -ind city of 
 Philadelphia, cost ng 5^1,500,000. After the Expositioii 
 it is to be used as the receptacle of an industrial aiul 
 art collection, similar to the renownedSouth Kensing- 
 ton Museum in London. Long after the Grand Exhi- 
 bition in honor of the Nation's Centennial l^irthdny, 
 with its associations and incidents, will have been for- 
 gotten and passed into history, this structure will re- 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md,, opp. Maltby House. 
 
 main to mark the spot where people from all par^ of * 
 the habitable globe assembled to assist and encourage 
 by their presence the first attempt of the United States 
 to exhibit their resources and industries to the critical 
 judgment of the world. 
 
 Nortli of Machinery Hall, on the east side of 
 Belmont avenue, is the Women's Pavilion, covering 
 30,000 square feet, and intended exclusively for the ex- 
 hibition of articles the result of the skillful labors of the 
 sex. Beside the six principal buildings described in the 
 foreguing pages, there have been erected hundreds of 
 others, smaller in design, but unique in architecture, 
 built by the different States, in which they propose ex- 
 hibiting their progress in agriculture, horticulture, ' 
 manufactures, and the various industries peculiar to 
 their people alone. 
 
 Foreign governments have been allotted much space 
 for their buikliiigs, and demands for more are daily 
 submitted fo the Commissioners. Requests for space 
 have been received from nations never before connected 
 with exhibitions of this character, and in many cases 
 have been refused in consequence of the impossibility 
 of acceding to their de^mands, as every acre of :he 
 number appropriated to exliibitory purposes has been 
 fully absorbed. 
 
 The United States and Great Britain have erected 
 buildings in which will be exhibited the workings of 
 the complex system in operation in the many depart- 
 ments and bureins of the government, and cannot fa 1 
 to be of interest to every one who is desirous of dis- 
 covering how the va.st and inti-ieatc mardiine called 
 governmt'iit is nt.inaocd. 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby Souse. 
 
 On every hand States and Territories are appropriat- 
 ing handsome sums of money to enable their people to 
 make a satisfactory exhibit at the Nation's Exposition. 
 This enthusiasm is not confined to the United States 
 alone, but extends to every corner of the globe. Coun- 
 tries and foreign States seldom heard of in everyday 
 life have sent Commissioners to represent them, amount- 
 ing to about thirty, as follows : Great Britain and Colo- 
 nies, France, German Empire, Austria, Canada, Bel- 
 gium, Egypt, China, Brazil, Ecuador, New South AVales, 
 South Australia, Victoria, Honduras, Japanese Empire, 
 Liberia, Mexico, Norway, Peru, Eussia, Sandwich Is- 
 lands, Siam, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunis, Tur- 
 key, Venezuela, Argentine Confederation, and Orange 
 Free State (Africa). This list shows how wide-spread 
 and extensive have been the means employed by the 
 Committee in making known their intention, as aL^o 
 the wonderful success that has resulted from their la- 
 bors. 
 
 The grounds surrounding the group -of exliibition 
 buildings in every direction have been beautifully laid 
 off in plats, avenues and walks by some of the most 
 expert and skillful landscape gardeners that could be 
 procured, and so well have they performed their duties 
 that the eye wanders delightfully over a scene rendered 
 beautiful by diversity, symmetry and variety. On every 
 hand have been erected fountains of the most ingenious 
 devices and surprising workmanship, memorial statues, 
 arbors and other ornamental structures which add won- 
 derfully to the natural beauty of the surroundings. 
 Not an item, liowever insignificant, which could in any 
 possible way give pleasure or comfort to the visitor, 
 
 24 
 
JAMES D. MASON & CO. 
 
 Manufacturers of all kinds Biscuits, Crackers & Fancy Cakes. 
 
 lias been left unattended to. Success has in every in- 
 stance crowned the efforts of the Commissioners, and 
 universal praise is their just reward in so ably and en- 
 ergetically overcoming the difficulties with which they 
 had to contend, and in so skillfully bringing order out 
 of chaos. 
 
 The buildings are now open to visitors, who are re- 
 quired to pay fifty cents (in one note) for admission, 
 which admits them to all the numerous structures 
 within the enclosure. There will be no season tickets, 
 and no checks given at the entrances allowing admis- 
 sion on their presentation, but every one after going out 
 and wishing to return must pay an additional fifty cents. 
 Every accommodation has been made for the thousands 
 of visitors, and there is ample room for all. The follow- 
 ing article taken from the Philadelphia Times, under 
 the head of " Room For All," treats the subject fully, 
 and corrects the erroneous impression that the facilities 
 of the city and surrounding country will be inadequate 
 to meet the demands upon their resources during the 
 continuance of the Exposition : 
 
 Room for All, and Welcome. 
 
 Notwithstanding the repeated assurances of the jour- 
 nals of Philadelphia that the accommodations of the 
 city would prove equal to and even more than ample 
 for the World's Reception thig summer, there still lin- 
 gers in the columns of our western and eastern exchanges 
 a feeling of half-suppressed uneasiness and doubt. It 
 crops out every now and then — sometimes in the way of 
 
 Kead^s Grand Duchess Cologne, 179 Baltimore St. 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W, Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby Hoiise. 
 
 friendly advice — sometimes in the shape of an unkind 
 fling. 
 
 For the purpose of setting at rest conchisiYely all 
 fear or doubt on this matter we have to-day covered the 
 ground with a rather exhaustive paper, to whose hand- 
 some results and accurate details we invite attention. 
 
 The total of our tables shows an accommodation for 
 271,000 guests per day in Philadelphia and her imme- 
 diately suburban districts. But tliis is, in fact, an un- 
 derstatement. Inquiries made to the Mayors or Chief 
 Burgesses of the flourishing towns of Columbia, Easton, 
 Burlington, Doylestown, and Harrisburg failed to re- 
 ceive attention. If we add to them the very large 
 number of villages in Pennsylvania and Xew Jersey, 
 which it was manifestly impossible to.canvass in so brief 
 a time, and the thousands of capacious farm-houses of 
 Chester and Lancaster and Montgomery and Delaware 
 counties, the daily accommodation will be fully 300,000 
 and over. This is our capacity to house comfortably 
 and roomily. Under the pressure of an emergency, 
 such as perhaps the Fourth of July or the opening day, 
 half a million of people could easily be crowded into 
 the present accommodations. 
 
 This, further, it should be remembered, is the ac- 
 commodation under roof. In addition we shall have 
 very large facilities for receiving our friends in camp. 
 Twenty-five thousand Masons are to be provided Avith 
 field quarters at Eidley Park. The Polytechnic students 
 of Massachusetts will camp on the University grounds 
 in West Philadelphia, and in Fairmount Park, we be- 
 lieve. Gen. Hartranft is arranging for a camp for fifty 
 thousand unitormed troops. 
 
JAMES D. MASON & CO. 
 
 M antifacturers of all kinds Biscuits, Crackers & Fancy Cakes. 
 
 Now, look at the figures a moment. Three hundred 
 tliousand a day is one day's accommodation for over 
 two millions a week, or fifty millions for the twenty-five 
 weeks of the Exposition, if they could be distributed 
 evenly. 
 
 Again, this ample provision is a guarantee oi moderate 
 prices. The hotel-keepers and people of Philadelphia 
 cannot overcharge their visitors if those visitors have 
 the option of falling back at any hour on the cheap 
 dellar-a-day rates of the country towns. This settles 
 that point. Philadelphia cannot play the Vienna game 
 if she would. 
 
 In point of fact, the Centennial rates of living in 
 Philadelphia will be very moderate. Our article to-day 
 in connection with our special hotel paper of some weeks 
 since showed that the rates of living for a single person 
 this summer will range from $1 to $5 per day, and fiom 
 $4: to $30 per week, according to accommodation and 
 luxuries. 
 
 But better than the full store of house-room is the 
 wealth of heart-room. The preparation of a paper of 
 the kind we present to-day has, of course, involved 
 communication with all the hotel proprietors, all the 
 leading boarding and lodging bureau organizations, the 
 representative men of the interior towns, the railway 
 officers by whose roads the country is opened up to us, 
 and with large numbers of the people themselves, of 
 every grade, class, and locality, and we can say freely 
 and frankly that everywhere and by all the very best 
 feeling has been shown. Every one, down to the most 
 
 Head's Grand Duchess Cologne, 179 Baltimore St. 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby House. 
 
 humble, seems to feel that this year he is a host, and that 
 the strai ger is his guest, uud to recoguize the pleasure 
 and chivalrous obligations of hostship. 
 
 This generous spirit, so widespread and universal as 
 hardly to be remarked, is the sure pledge of the warm 
 welcome which awaits, this auspicious Centennial year, 
 the stranger within the gates of oui- City of Brotherly 
 Love. 
 
 CENTENNIAL PROGRESS. 
 It is startling to contemplate the wonderful progress that the 
 United Slates have made in one hundred years. The beginning 
 of 1776 found but thirteen States, so widely separated that to 
 make the journey from the extreme boundaries of the farthest 
 would have been considered an undertaking that few would 
 have attempted. At that date there were no large cities, no 
 commerce of any consequence ; agriculture was in its infancy ; 
 there was no telegraph, no railroads, no steamboats; steam 
 power was almost unknown ; the vast country beyond the Mis- 
 sissippi River— the far West — was about as little explored as the 
 center of Africa; and wiiere now are the immense cities of 
 Chicago, St. Louis and Cincinnati, were to be found tlie Indian 
 wigwam and hunting-grounds. What a change in 100 years! 
 At that time the etforts of the original thirteen States were di- 
 rected towtird that one glorious end — separation from a tyran- 
 nical government, and an establishment of a Republic governed 
 by themselves. How well that desperate attempt has succeeded 
 the following figures will show : Commenced in 1776, with 
 thirteen States and 815,615 square miles of territories, which 
 was occupied by about 3,000,000 of civilized human beings, it 
 has now a population of 43,000,000, who occupy thirty-seven 
 States and Territories, which embrace over 3,000,000 of square 
 miles. It has 6r),000 miles of railroads, more than sufficient to 
 reach twice and a half round the globe. The value of its annual 
 agricultural productions is $2,500,000,000, and its gold mines 
 are capable of producing $70,000,01)0. It has over 1,000 cotton 
 factories, 580 daily newspapers, 4,300 weeklies, and 625 monthly 
 publications. 
 
WM. E. WOOD & CO. 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 OOL.D'S AIVI> WOOJD'S CAST-IKON 
 
 SeGtlonal BQileri aai Eadiators^ 
 
 CONTRACTORS FOR 
 
 STEAM'HEATIKa & PLtlMBIHa, 
 
 INVENTORS AND MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 I'ABIS HAJ^GES, &c. 
 
 Agents of BALTIMORE STOVE WORKS, formerly American 
 Stove and Ho.low-Ware Co. of Philadelphia. 
 
 363 ^ 365 W. BALTIMOUE STREET, S W. Cor. Eutaw Street, 
 
 For Florida and the South. 
 
 THE BALTIMORE STEAM PACKET COMPANY 
 
 (OLD BAY LIITE) 
 
 Is now running- in close connection -with Southern Roads, for 
 
 Wilmington, Charleston, 
 
 H^avannali, JackfsionTille, 
 Tallahassee, and all 
 
 Places in Florida. 
 
 J^"STEAMERS LEAVE BALTIMORE DAILY (EXCEPT 
 SUNDAY) AT 4 P. M. 
 
 29 
 
fN-i? TSS 
 
 MARYLAND WINDOW GLASS WORKS. 
 
 MANUFACTCRERS OF 
 IMPORTERS OF 
 
 French and Crystal Plate, Paints, Oils, Varnishes, 
 Wine Bottles and Demijohns, 
 
 Glaziers' Diamonds and Points, 
 
 40 sz 42 c3-EPi:ivc^^r<r str,eet, 
 HUaH SISSON & SON, 
 
 Importers, Dealers and Manufacturers of 
 
 Salesroom, 140 Baltimore St. 
 
 RINEHART BUILDINGS. 
 
 STEAM WORKS, COR. NORTH AND MONUMENT STREETS. 
 
 TJRA^DER & CO. 
 
 GENERAL 
 
 For the sale op 
 
 Cotton, Erain, Lob.r and Country Froiu:e, 
 
 77 SMITH'S WHARF, 
 T. JL. TIIN^SLEY, 
 
 Late of H <> L. JM H:: ^^ & T 1 N SS L K Y, . 
 
 WHOLESALE DEALER IN 
 
 Between Calvert and I.ijrlit, near ranollton Hotel. 
 
CLAITTOIT HOTTSE, 
 
 / 
 
 a:^ 
 
 f' -'!l''|i|; 
 
 This large and commodious Hotel, capable of accommodating 300 Guests, was 
 finished, and furnished with Elegant Furniture, and has been in successful opera- 
 tion as a FIRST-CLASS HOTEL"^for two years. The elevated situation of this 
 House, together with its high ceilings, affords the best ventilation and light, 
 thereby making it a very desirable Summer House. Billiard Room, Railroad 
 Ticket and Telegraph Offices in the House. 
 
 In view of the approaching Centennial Exhibition, in Philadelphia, the Pro- 
 prietor desires to call tlie att'-ntion of persons visiting the Exhibition to the 
 comforts of his House. Trains will run every hour over the Philadelphia, Wil- 
 mington aud Baltimore Railroad between Wilmington and the Exhibition 
 Grounds direct, making the run in one hour, for low fare's,— thereby making this 
 House as accesJM)le as manv parts of Philadelpliia. 
 
 e^^Coaches meet all trains, day and night. TERMS MODERATE. 
 
 ISAAC C. PYLE, Proprietor. 
 
 HOWASD AND BALTIilOUE STREETS, 
 
 ACCOMMODATES THREE HUNDRED GUESTS, 
 
 31 
 
XliE 
 
 ^ 
 
 'S> 
 
 .t>^^^ ^Otr. 
 
 <s* 
 
 ^ 
 
 i.H.MlC**"^"' 
 
 WA^MMWTQM GIT¥, 
 
 Corner F and Fourteenth Streets, 
 
 '\cnclqmr(tis ^iinij and J| t'i/. 
 
 C. C. ■WII.l.ARD, 
 
PHILADELPHIA 
 
 Philadelphia, the second city in the United States in point of 
 population, the first in manufactures, and fourth in commerce, 
 is situated between the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers, about 
 six miles from their confluence, ninety-six miles from the ocean, 
 ninety-eight from Baltimore, and eighty-seven from New York ; 
 but a few miles from the immense coal-fields of Pennsylvania, in 
 the very heart of one of the richest agricultural countries in the 
 world, with a population of 674,022, and covering a territorial 
 area of 120 miles— a much larger area than that of New York. 
 The commerce is rapidly advancing to that point attained by 
 New York, and is engaged in by vessels communicating directly 
 from the wharves to the remotest corner of the globe. Though 
 the commerce is of great value, yet the chief source of wealth is 
 in her manufactures, which are of greater magnitude and em- 
 ploy more capital than any other American city. Located 
 within such a short distance of the great cities of the Atlantic 
 coast, and with such water-powers as the Delaware and Schuyl- 
 kill afford, together with the facilities that the direct connection 
 with the ricli iron mines in the neighborhood give her, the claim 
 to being the first city in the United States in manufactures must 
 long be conceded to belong to ber. 
 
 The city was laid out by the direction of William Penu in 
 1682, seventy-five years after the settlement of Jamestown, and 
 the founder having the object in view of laying the foundation 
 of what he saw must in the future become a large city, pursued 
 the wise plan of making every thing subserve the end he had 
 in view, if not for his own immediate benefit, at least for the 
 good of posterity. To his judicious plans the Philadelpliians 
 are indebted for the marked superiority that their cit}^ has over 
 the others founded about the same time, in regularity, location 
 and healthful ncss. Being ninety- four years old at tiie commence- 
 ment of the Kevolutiouary war, and the seat of the Continental 
 
 Read's Grand Duchess Oologne, 179 Baltimore St, 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 "W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby Hoiise. 
 
 Congress, there are many historical events connected with it, 
 and many historical buildings standing at this time, which are 
 of particular interest to those who have only read of them in 
 their connection witli the history of the Revolution ; the most 
 interesting of which is Independence Hall, located on Chestnut 
 street, between oth and Gth, which was commenced in 1729 and 
 finished in 1734, within whoso walls some of the most moment- 
 ous events of the war of Independence were enacted. In the 
 East chamber met the Continental Congress ; here George Wash- 
 ington received his commission as Commander-in-Chief of the 
 American army, and the Declaration of Independence was 
 adopted ; the articles of confederation were framed and ushered 
 forth for the approving voice of the nation in 1778. The Con- 
 stitution, the (;harter of our liberties, was drawn up in 1787. 
 Nearly every incident of that stirring and exciting period are 
 connected with tliis building. It is daily visited by hundreds of 
 people, and considered by tlie residents of Pliiladelphia as one of 
 those sacred things that must remtiin inviolable, and forever 
 preserved as a monument to the past. The interior has under- 
 gone a complete transition in the last few years ; the lower 
 halls at the present time being used — the East chamber for a 
 portrait and art gallery, the West for a National museum. The 
 portrait room is filled with portraits of those who made them- 
 selves distinguished both in the field and halls of State. Among 
 the number are Washington, Jt?{ferson, Adams, Lee, Franklin, 
 and many others, painted by celebrated artists, and conceded to 
 be correct likenesses. To the right of the entrance to the East 
 room is conspicuously placed tiie original dralY of the Constitu- 
 tion of the Unites' States, in the handwriting of Jetfersou, with 
 corrections by Adams — a great curiosity, and is much examined 
 and commented upon. In the museum room to tlie west of the 
 main cjntrance there is a large collection of interesting memen- 
 toes and curiosities of the infancy of the United States, consist- 
 ing of the personal effects of those wlio took activi; part in the 
 strife, contributed by their descendents from every corner of the 
 land ; also, of charts, autographs, copies of the old newspapers, 
 coins, medals, and numerous other relics, the property of the 
 officers of the CoiitiniMilal army. Every one visiting liic Cen- 
 
JAMES D. MASON & CO. 
 
 Mamifacturers of all kinds Bisctiits, Crackers & Fancy Cakes. 
 
 tennial should not fail to visit this old pile, so replete with asso- 
 ciations of the past. 
 
 The Old Liberty Bell. 
 
 The old bell, whicli so loudly proclaimed to the world the birth 
 of a nesv nation, still remains within tlie walls from which the 
 mandate issued that gave it privilege to speak, with a great 
 fracture through its entire length, the result of its good service. 
 It stands to the right of the passage, a few feet to the south of 
 the main entrance, near the stairs that lead to the clock. 
 
 Carpenters' Hall. 
 
 Between Tliird and Fourth streets, on Chestnut street, there 
 still remains in a very good state of preservation, an old relic of 
 the early days of the Republic, known to all acquainted with the 
 history of Philadelphia as Carpenters' Hall, built in 1770 by the 
 association of house carpenters, and is particularly dear to the 
 people in consequence of its being the building in which the 
 first Colonial Congress assembled, September 5th, 1774. Here 
 some of America's first orators poured forth their burning elo- 
 quence against the oppression of England, and here Patrick 
 Henry delivered orations that astonished and delighted the 
 Colonies. Since that time it has been occupied by various in- 
 stitutions, among which were the Bank of the United States and 
 Custom House, but at present it is in about the same state that it 
 was a century ago. 
 
 The Old Swede Church. 
 
 This venerable structure was built in 1700 by the Swedes that 
 occupied Philadelphia prior to the arrival of Penn, and is con- 
 sequently one hundred and seventy-six years old, located on 
 Swanson street, below Christian, but a short distance above the 
 Navy Yard, reached by the Second and Tliird street cars. Its 
 quaint appearance suggests forcibly the man}' associations so 
 closely connected with it in its identification with the early his- 
 tory of Philadelpliia. In the grave-yard, with its moss-covered 
 
 Read's Grand Duchess Cologne, 179 Baltimore St. 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby Hoiise. 
 
 graves and fallen head-stones, moldy and dim by the lapse of 
 time, are buried some of the most notable personages of that 
 period. The names of those who are buried here are in many 
 instances entirely obliterated ; and all that remains of the history 
 that they once told is the stone upon whose surfjice the name, 
 birth, and death had been carved. 
 
 Treaty Elm. 
 
 The monument that marks the site of this noble old tree, under 
 whose branches the most equitable treaty that was ever made 
 was entered into, is on Beach street, north of Columbia, reached 
 by the Second street cars. This old tree was long a favorite 
 spot, about which the Philadelphians loved to congregate and 
 discuss the events that it had witnessed; the principal of which 
 was the treaty, that was made without any oath being required 
 for the performance of its stipulations, and said to be the only 
 one that was faithfully and religiously kept. 
 
 Christ Church. 
 
 On Second street, north of Market, this sacred edifice still 
 stands ; and like Independence Hall and Carpenters' Hall, is of 
 a good old age, having been built in 1727. Its chime of bells, 
 which has called some of the greatest men that figured in the 
 colonial and revolutionary days to worship within its portals, 
 was molded in London and placed in the steeple in 1754, and 
 is said to be among the oldest in this country. Washington, 
 when President of the United States, before the Capitol was re- 
 moved to Washington, attended regularly. Like many other 
 old structures in the cit}', it was not lefi unnoticed by the British 
 during their occupation. Tiie bells were removed from the 
 tower and hidden at Allentowu. From the tower an extensive 
 and beautiful view of the Delaware, the city, and the Jersey 
 shore can be had. and it is often resorted to by hundreds for this 
 purpose. 
 
 St. Pet Eli's C'nuuoH. 
 
 Not quite so old as Clirist church, but possessing aa equal 
 degree of interest to the visitor, is St. Peter's churcii, located on 
 
JAMES D. MASON & CO. 
 
 Mantifacturers of all kinds Biscuits, Crackers & Fancy Cakes. 
 
 the corner of Piue and Third streets. It was commenced in 
 1758 and finished in 17G1 ; and like Ciirist church, has a cele- 
 brated chinii.' of bells in its tower, which, on many occasions 
 of great moment added their voices to the anthems that 
 were rung from the bells which proclaimed the triumph of the 
 army of liberty. In it's grave-yard, conspicuous among the 
 monuments, is the one that was erected to the memory of Com. 
 Decatur, the conqueror of the Algerians, and the victor in many 
 a hard-fought battle with the English navy in the war of 1812. 
 
 London Coffee-House. 
 
 Standing on the corner of Front and Market streets, not far 
 from the Delaware, is the quaint old building known before the 
 days of the Republic by the above title. In the days when 
 England ruled her Colonies, this was a popular resort, and many 
 of the men who afterwards figured prominently in the honorable 
 role of statesmen and generals used to meet here to discuss politics 
 and literature, and to enjoy the intellectual feasts furnished by 
 men of the highest order of intelligence, who frequented the Coffee 
 House before the practice degenerated. At present this famous 
 old resort is used for a modern tobacco store. 
 
 Penn's Cottage. 
 
 But a short distance from the old London Coffee House, on a 
 small street extending from Market to Chestnut, between Second 
 and Front, stands a little two-story brick house built purposely 
 for Penn, which was intended for his residence on his arrival from 
 England. It is judged to be the oldest house in the city, and 
 like the many others in the neighborhood built but a few years 
 subsequent, has a halo of associations centering about it. It is 
 well worthy of a visit 
 
 The Grave of Feanklin. 
 
 In the grave-yard of Christ Church, on the southeast corner 
 of Fifth and Arch streets, can be seen the grave of Benjamin 
 Franklin and his wife— marked by no monument, but simply a 
 
 Bead's Grand Duchess Cologne, 179 Baltimore St. 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W, Pratt Street, Baltimore, McL, opp. Maltby Honse. 
 
 sLab of marble, which in its plainness fitl}^ illustrates the life of 
 the man. In the same spot some of the most noted of his con- 
 temporaries are buried. 
 
 GiRAKD College. 
 
 This college is located on Ridge avenue, just above Nineetenth 
 street, reached either by the Ridge avenue or Nineteenth street 
 cars. It was founded by Stephen Girard, whose name it bears. 
 Girard for many years pursued the calling of a sea captain, but 
 finally took up his residence in Philadelphia, and through per- 
 severance, energy and an indomitable will succeeded in accumu- 
 lating a fortune, which at his death was said to have been the 
 largest ever amassed by a citizen of the United States up to that 
 time. He died in 1832, and with but few exce])tions bequeathed 
 his entire fortune to the city for the purpose of founding a col- 
 lege within which orphan children between the ages of six and 
 ten years were to be educated. A part of his estate, consisting 
 of forty -five acres, was selected by the trustees, and the present 
 beautiful structure erected at a cost of $2,000,000. It is built in 
 the style of the Corinthian order of architecture, of pure white 
 marble, and said to be the most perfect representation of that 
 style of architecture of modern times. At the time of his death 
 his estate was valued at several laiHions of dollars, but at present 
 it is worth fifty millions, securely and profitably invested. There 
 are now about five hundred and fifty pupils of various ages from 
 six to sixteen, and the number is annually increasing. In his 
 will, Girard in donating his property made a peculiar restriction, 
 which was that no minister, ecclesiastic, or missionary of any 
 sect shall ever hold or exercise any duty whatsoever in the col- 
 lege. This has been strictly carried out. Inside the south en- 
 trance, facing on Corinthian avenue, is a small statute of Girard, 
 beneath wiiich he is buried. From the top of the building a fine 
 view of Fairmount Park, the Delaware and the city can be had. 
 It is necessary that tickets of admission be presented before any 
 one is permitted to enter; they can be obtained eitiier at tlie 
 Ledger building, on the corner of sixth and Chestnut streets, or 
 at the principal hotels. 
 
 as 
 
JAMES D. MASON & CO. 
 
 Manufacturers of all kinds Biscuits, Crackers & Fancy Cakes. 
 
 The Mercantile Library. 
 
 On Tenth street, above Cliestnut, is to be found the library of 
 the above name, containing 100,000 volumes, arranged in open 
 cases on all sides of tlie large room and in ])rojecting alcoves from 
 either side. Hundreds of people can be found at all times indulg- 
 ing in the profitable employment of ticquiring knowledge from 
 the abundance of material surrounding them. It is open from 9 
 o'clock in the morning till 10 P. M. 
 
 Philadelphia Library. 
 
 This library, containing about the same number of volumes as 
 the Mercantile, is on Fifth street, near Cliestnut, in a plain old- 
 time structure, over the main entrance of which is a statue of 
 Franklin. There are here beside 94,000 volumes, mostly of his- 
 tory, 8,000 volumes of classical works, though strictly coraprsing 
 a part of the main library, yet is known as the Loganiau Library. 
 It was founded about the year 1731, through the exertions and 
 influence of Benjamin Franklin. The hall of itself, irrespective 
 of the rich collections of books, in its decoration by portraits, 
 and the many curiosities of the early stages of printing, is suffi- 
 cient to entertain the visitor for hours. Here are to be found 
 the ancient clocks of Cromwell and Penn, St. Augustine's Vita 
 Christiana, by Faust & Scha*effer, the discoverers of the art of print- 
 ing, illustrating the degree of success they had attained in 
 the art at that time, 1459 ; the Bible from which Eliot took his 
 texts in his many sermons to the Indians in 1663 ; an Abyssinian 
 prayer-book and rolls of Ancient Greek, Hebrew, Chinese and 
 Siamese MSS. and numerous other relics and curiosities, entertain- 
 ing to the lover of the antiquated and curious. In 1877, the library 
 will be removed to a magnificent edifice built for the purpose, 
 through a bequest of Dr. Rush, amounting to $900,000. It is to be 
 of marble, with a portico supported by columns somewhat simi- 
 lar to those that uphold the portico of Girard College, located on 
 the corner of Christian and Broad streets. The Library is open 
 from 10 A. ]\L till about 5 o'clock in winter, and eight in sum- 
 mer. 
 
 Read's Grand Duchess Cologne, 179 Baltimore St. 
 
C. BAUM'S 
 
 RECOMMENDED BY ALL MEDICAL 
 
 MEX, ESPECIALLY FOR 
 
 iPARRIED LADIES. 
 
 It is the most comfortable and least 
 injurious to the health. 
 
 Orders will be promptly attended to, 
 and Perfect Satisfaction Guaran- 
 teed. 
 
 If not suited goods can be returned 
 at my expense. 
 
 For particulars send for Circular. 
 
 OHAS. BAUM, 
 
 Corset Maker & Ladies" Furoisliing Dealer, 
 408 Seventh St. 
 
 B^Agency of the Bazar Dress Makers' PATTERNS. Catalogues sent free of 
 charge. 
 
 BARBOITB. c& HAMILTON. 
 
 wholesale dealers i\ 
 
 Groceries,, Teas, Wiies, Liiiiiflri;, Ciars, Tobacco, k. 
 
 AND WHOtESALK 
 
 SOLE AGENTS FOB 
 
 GREENFIELD FAMILY FLOUR, 
 
 HARVEST QUEEN FAMILY FLOUR, 
 SILVER SPRING EXTRA FLOUR, 
 
 DEVOE BRILLIANT OIL, the Safest and 
 
 Best Illuminator in tlie World. 
 
 ALSO, WHOLESALE DEALERS IN 
 
 BANANAS, GRAPES, ORANGES, LEMONS, &c. 
 
 Nos. 637, 639 (fe 641 Louisiana Ave., N. W, 
 
JAMES D. MASON & CO. 
 
 Manufacturers of all kinds Biscuits, Crackers & Fancy Cakes. 
 
 University of Pennsylvania. 
 
 This institution is located in West Philadelphia, near where 
 Thirty-sixth street joins Darby avenue, but a few squares north 
 of the alms-house. It is built in the Gothic style of architecture, 
 whicii gives it a very collegiate appearance. The windows are 
 of stained glass, giving the interior the appearance of gloominess. 
 It can be reached by the Market street cars to Darby avenue, 
 and thence by the cars that run out that avenue. The most 
 beautiful feature connected with the building is its fine park of 
 six acres, from which the alms-house grounds and vicinity can 
 be viewed at a great advantage. There is also a celebrated 
 museum in the building, consisting of a scientific apparatus of 
 the most rare and valuable kind, costing a great amount of 
 money, and said to be one of the finest in this country. The 
 University at present consists of 800 students in the various 
 departments of science, art, law and medicine, under the care 
 of thirty professors. The medical college is to the west of the 
 University, which is ranked among the first in the world, and 
 has an extensive reputation in Europe. 
 
 The Alms-House. 
 
 South of the University, and joining the park, is the alms- 
 house, consisting of four three-story buil liugs, forming a hollow 
 square of oOO feet on each side. The grounds are beautifully laid 
 out and slope down to the banks of the Scliuylkill, and consist 
 of 187 acres. It can be reached by the same cars tliat run to the 
 University. 
 
 New City Hall. 
 
 On what was formerly Penn Square, at Broad and Market 
 streets, the new City Hall is in course of construction. It is to 
 be 470 feet from east to west, 486^ feet from north to south, 
 containing 520 rooms, and covering an area exclusive of the 
 court-yard, 4^ acres. It is to consist of four stories, which 
 together will be 100 feet high. From the nortli will rise a 
 tower surmounted by a dome, ihe apex of which will be nearly 
 
 Read's Grand Duchess Cologne, 179 Baltimore St. 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby House. 
 
 300 feet above the pavement. The exterior walls are to be of 
 white marble, and tJiose facing the court-yard light blue; the 
 cost will be seven millions. 
 
 United States Mint. 
 
 Near the corner of 13th street is the United States Mint, with 
 a mar])le front 122 feet long, and a line portico supported by 6 
 Ionic columns. It is open to visitors from 9 a. m. to 12 m. daily. 
 
 The U. S. Mint was founded at Philadelphia in 1792, since 
 which it has coined over $800,000,000. .The base coins are all 
 made here from Minnesota copper and Pennsylvania nickel; 
 and the gold which is used here comes most ly from Montana 
 and Nova Scotia (the California and Oregon gold is used at the 
 San Francisco Branch Mint). The present building was erected 
 in 1833, and is visited by 30,000 ])ersons annually. As soon as 
 a party of 6 or 8 persons collects in the vestibule, they are led 
 into the coining-rooms by an attendant, who describes the 
 various processes and points out the powerful and delicate 
 machinery which is used in making money. The numismatic 
 cabinets in the second-story are of great interest. On the left of 
 the entrance are cases containing Oriental and Barbary-States 
 coins, including those of the eighteen Moslem Caliphs from 
 Olhman lo Ibrahim. In the first cabinet are also complete col- 
 lections of the currency of Austria, Spain, Portugal, and South 
 America, (the latter are in the flat cases in the center). On the 
 sides of the room are rare ores and minerals, gold, siver, copper, 
 aluminum, nickel, asbestos, etc., bright crystals, and barbaric 
 ornaments from the Gold Coast. On the east side are Japanese 
 coins of the square and round issues, and a line of alloyed gold 
 in graduated proportions. Between the first and second cabi- 
 nets are Persian, Bactriau, and Greek Republican coins, from 
 300 to 700 B. C. (on the left) ; also a set of Byzantines from 395 to 
 1448 A. D. In the cabinet und(ir the dome are the moneys of 
 the Greek monarchies, (back to tlic 8th century, B. C.) the early 
 Roman Republic, ami the Roman Empire from 222 to 475 A. D.; 
 also the latcbt issues of Franco, Groat Britain, and tlie German 
 and Italian stales. In the center is si case containing thousandn 
 
 42 ' 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby £Couse. 
 
 of Americaii coius from the early colonial era to the last issues, 
 incliidiug- the 25c. aud $50 gold pieces. In the passage to the 
 third cabinet are the coinages from Cassar to Trajan, Hadrian, 
 and Elagabalus, near which is a coin issued from the Philadel- 
 phia Mint over 3,000 years ago (iu Asia Minor). The third 
 cabinet contains national medals and tokens, and the semi- 
 circular case at the east end is filled with the rarest and most 
 curious coins of all times aud nations. 
 
 The Masonic Temple. 
 
 The Masonic Temple of Philacklphia, located directly across 
 the street from the new City Hall, is the grandest building of 
 its kind in the world. It is a granite structure, 250 feet long, 
 150 feet wide, and three lofty stories in bight (not including 
 the entresol sections), divided into spacious halls, with their ap- 
 propriate adjacent apartments, toilet-rooms, banquetmg-halls» 
 oflices, etc., with various broad staircases and other passages 
 leading to each. The inner masonry required ten millions of 
 bricks, and the number of cubic feet of granile in the outer 
 walls, if known, would probably seem to the reader fabulous. 
 Its facade, or front, is a perfect specimen or Norman architect- 
 ure — notably bold, sharp, aud elaborate, with not a trace of 
 flatness or inexpression anywhere on its profile. Its most strik- 
 ing features are the two towers, which flank it, one of them 
 piercing with its turrets tlie air to the hight of 250 feet; and 
 the wonderfully beautiful Norman porch, or doorway. The 
 main tower is so massive that its foundations were laid 31 feet 
 below the level of the street, and the greatest care has been used 
 to make it completely tire-proof on each floor, by separating it 
 from every passage by an iron door, and distinct iron portcullis, 
 with intervening space between them. The porch is built of the 
 hardest stone we have — the Quimy granite, and at the entrance 
 on either side, are four pairs of receding pillars, surmounted by 
 arched semi-circular moldings, enriched with the purest and 
 most characteristic Norman decorations, including nail-head, 
 cable, zigzag, interlaced squares, billet, frette, shell, rosette, etc. 
 
 Read^s Grand Duchess Oalogne, 179 Baltimore St. 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby House. 
 
 These traceries are surprisingly elaborate, and fasten the atten- 
 tion of every observer. The doorway is built in a projection of 
 tiie front wall of the Temple, just as was often the case in churches 
 of the Norman period, although our projection is deeper than 
 usual, affording thereby room for more elaboration and finish. 
 The two main front folding-doors of the Temple are 17 feet 
 high, 7 feet wide, 6 inches thick, and covered with Norman 
 ornamentation, in keeping with the whole exterior front. Stand- 
 ing in Oriental Hall, you can almost imagine yourself in the 
 midst of the gorgeous AUiambra of Spain, in its palmy days. 
 The veils of the Temple are ^striking in tlie extreme. Thej' are 
 25 feet liigh by 49 feet wide, and contain 1,200 yards of satin 
 francais. 
 
 This grand structure is, in a word, an exemplification of the 
 art in architectural skill of the ancient nations of the earth, 
 anterior to the Christian era, aggregated into one perfect and 
 harmonious whole by American master workmen's hands. The 
 cost of this structure was $1,540,000. 
 
 The Catiiedual. 
 
 The Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul is 136 feet wide, 21G 
 feet long, and lOU ^tict from the pavement to the apex of the 
 pediment. The exterior diameter of the dome is 71 feet, and its 
 total height 210 feet. Tiie interior of the Cathedral is cruci- 
 form, and designed in the most elaborate Corinthian style. Un- 
 like M)ost buildings in this country, there are no side windows, 
 and all the light is introduced from above, which, taken in con- 
 junction with the prevailing colors of the whole interior, resemb- 
 ling Paris stone, marvellously highteus the architectural effect. 
 The fresco-painting of the Crucifixion, the four figures in 
 chiaroscuro of the four Apostles, the four medallions in the 
 corners of the dome representing the Evangelists, the painting 
 in the crown of the dome ot the Assumption of the Blessed 
 Virgin into Heaven, and the illut-trations in either transept of 
 the Nativity of our Lord, and the Adoration of the Kings from 
 the East, give a inagniticencc to flic iiitei'ior of this noble struc- 
 ture which will compare most Jkv(>ral)ly witli the Cathedrals of 
 
 44 
 
JAMES D. MASON & CO. 
 
 Mantifacturers of all kinds Bisciilts, Crackers & Fancy Cakes* 
 
 the Old World. The facade consists of a portico of four gigantic 
 columns, 60 feet high and G feet in diameter, with richly sculp- 
 tured bases and capitals, and on the frieze are engraved the 
 words : " Ad Majorem Dei Gloriam." The structure cost up- 
 ward of a million dollars. It is lof;ated at Eighteenth and 
 Race streets. 
 
 The Academy op Fine Arts. 
 
 This new building stands at the southwest corner of Broad 
 and Cherry streets, on a lot measuring 100 feet by 260. It is 
 flre-proof throughout. The interior walls are constructed of 
 brick, with stone dressings and sculptural decorations in terra 
 cotta. The cost, exclusive of ground, is about $250,000. The 
 art collections of the Academy are the finest in the United 
 States. 
 
 JMouNT Vernon Cemetery. 
 
 This cemetery, located on Ridge Avenue, opposite Laurel 
 Hill, is reached by the Rid-e Avenue line of passenger cars, and 
 by the ste.imboats which leave Fairraount. 
 
 The Gardel Monument, of Italian marble, elaborate and ornate, 
 the design and workmanship of statuary artists of European 
 celebrity, was erected at a cost of $30,000. The monument 
 over the remains of Lawrence Johnson, and the Slierman 
 Obelisks, are the handsomest improvements in Mount Vernon 
 Cemetery. 
 
 Fairmount Park. 
 
 Almost every cit}^ of any size in the civilized world have 
 connected with them pleasure grounds of some form or otiier, 
 the outgrowth of the demands of that natural craving after the 
 beautiful in nature, so peculiar to the human race wherever 
 found. Many European cities have celebrated parks, but those 
 most renowned are the Hampton Court of London, Bois de 
 Boulogne of Paris, Prater of Vienna, and Phoenix of Dublin ; 
 these are the pride of their respective cities. On this side of the 
 Atlantic, three cities alone may be said to have the rightful claim 
 
 Read's Grand Duclie^s U©logne, 179 Baltimore St, 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby House. 
 
 to the most beautiful aud nia^uiticeut parks— Baltimore, Phila- 
 delphia and New York. The Fairmount Park of Piiiladelphia, 
 comprising 2,991 acres (four hundred in excess of the largest in 
 the world), is beautifully situated on both sides of the Schuylkill, 
 extending for five miles along its banks, and six beside the 
 romantic Wissahickon, containing, besides the general appur- 
 tenances ot parks, four reservoirs of the city water-works and 
 the Zoological Gardens. Commenced in 1819, only for the pur- 
 pose of beautifying the spot on Morris' Hill, selected as the site 
 of the Fairmount water-works, which were begun in this year, 
 it reached in 1836, by the many improvements in landscape 
 gardening and artistic adornments, almost to the dignity of a 
 park. So replete with rural charms at this date had the sur- 
 roundings become, that the people saw the necessity of securing 
 for their recreation and amusement this spot now so beautiful and 
 attractive; having arranged the proper preliminaries to this 
 end, they from time to time added acre after acre, adorning and 
 embellishing as they encroached upon the adjoining property,- 
 till to-day it has reached the immense proportions of nearly 
 3,000 acres, and obtained a reputation surpassing that of any 
 other in this country, and not excelled even by the world- re- 
 nowned parks of Windsor aud Hampton Court of London. Its 
 natural attributes, enhanced by artificial oruameutatiou, extend 
 for miles in every direction throughout ils whole area. Not 
 only has the skilled gardener exercised his profession for ils 
 adornment, but nature itself seems to have selected this par- 
 ticular locality upon which to lavish all its charms ; primeval 
 oaks, rocky precipices, shady dells, deep ravines, and winding 
 streams, so encompassed by forest trees that the impression is 
 hard to remove that you are not far from civilization and in the 
 midst of the wilds of a newly discovered country. At certain 
 points along the Wissahickon creek the solitude is so deep that 
 not even the noise of a great city, with its million of population, 
 can penetrate its depths; at other points the prospect of the city 
 aud country is of the very finest, the beholder comprehending 
 almost at a glance all tiie variety and picturesqueness of the 
 paik,and viewing a continuity of as magnificent a panorama as 
 nature assinted l)y ;irt c;in !ittV)i(1. The Park Commissioners, not 
 
 4C 
 
JAMES D. MASON & CO. 
 
 Manufacturers of all kinds Biscuits, Crackers & Fancy Cakes. 
 
 receiving iiuy compensation, and not actuated by the prospect 
 of gain, have only the interest of the people at heart in making 
 their rural resort the very best of its character. At various 
 points restaurants are located to supply the visitor with refresh- 
 ments—that of Lemon Hill is the most patronized, as from the 
 summit the Schuylkill and its many objects of interest can be 
 seen to great advantage. The house itself has a history reach- 
 ing ftir back beyond the period of the existence of the park, and 
 closely entwined with the associations of the Revolution, as from 
 1776 to 1798, Robert Morris, a great friend of Washington, a 
 signer of the Declaration of Independence, and for six years 
 United States Senator, resided here. At the foot of the hill is a 
 level plain skirting the Schuylkill, and extending to the water- 
 works, regularly laid off in walks and drives, and beautified by 
 flower beds, statues and, pavilions ; also adorned by a colossal 
 statue of Lincoln, by Randolph Rogers, of Munich. On the river 
 banks are located the boat houses of the Schuylkill navy, built 
 of granite in a pleasing style of architecture, several of which 
 are covered with ivy. In the spring and f\ill the practicing 
 crews can be seen in their light graceful boats, gliding swiftly 
 hither and thither. Close by are the steamboat landings, where, 
 for twenty-five cents, a delightful trip to the Zoological Gardens, 
 or the Falls of the Schuylkill, can be had. The water-works 
 near by are said to contain the most powerful turbine wheel 
 in the world ; they force millions of gallons daily to the city ; 
 the large pipes which convey it can be seen crossing a stream 
 that passes in front. The immediate grounds contain several 
 statues, much worn by the elements, representing the seasons 
 and mythological deities. Just above this point is theFairmount 
 reservoir, encircled by a graveled walk, from which pleasing 
 views of the city can be had. To the north, but a short distance, 
 is a small inconspicuous building, containing many fine and rare 
 works of art, the chief of which is the magnificent and celebrated 
 painting of the Battle of Gettysburg, by Rothermel, which truth- 
 fully and graphically portrays that great conflict, the deciding 
 battle of the Rebellion. 
 
 Read's Grand Duchess Cologne, 179 Baltiaiore St. 
 
633 F Street, 
 WASHINGTON. 
 
 25 Tribune Building, 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 Careful attention to all business connected with the UNITED STATES PATENT 
 OFFICE and to the obtaining of FOREIGN PATENTS. 
 
 B^SEND FOR PAMPHLET OF INSTRUCTIONS. 
 
 REFERENCES BY PERMISSION. 
 
 Prof. JOSEPH HENRY, Secretary Snaithsonfan Institution 
 Prof J. E. HII.OARn, U. S. Coast Survey. 
 ALEXANDER L. HOLLEY, C. E., New York. 
 Gen'l R. B. HA YES, Governor of Ohio. 
 Capt. JAS. B. EADS, St. Louis. 
 
 est.a.bx.isi3:eid 1849 
 
 '^^^ ty PACKERS 
 
 "NONE SUCH" 
 
 j;iand FRESH OYSTERS am) 
 
 FRUIT, and dealers in 
 
 Foreign Fruits, 
 
 I' 203 and 205 Hughe. St. 
 
 '^^ BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 JACKSON & TYLEi^, 
 
 SIJPPJLIJES FOR 
 
 Railroads, Machinists and Factories, 
 
 IRON AND WOOD WORKING MACIIINEKY, 
 
 'Catalogues Free. 
 
 s A X.T I wt o F( jb:. 
 
 4S 
 
JAMES D. MASON & CO. 
 
 Manufacturers of all kinds Bisctiits, Crackers & Fancy Cakes. 
 
 The objects described in Ibe foregoing pages are to be found 
 in the soutiieastern part of the park; but it is not till Girard 
 avenue bridge is passed, and the wide stretch of country beyond 
 is penetrated, that the vast proportions and magnificent rural 
 scenery of this celebrated garden of the people is made apparent. 
 The drives along the Schuylkill pass en route to those more 
 romantic, skirting the Wissaliickon, the Spring Garden, and 
 East Park Reservoir, as also the Laurel Hill and South Laurel 
 Hill Cemeteries. The splended drives along the Wissaliickon 
 pass through a continuous scene of beauty and sylvan charms — 
 groves of shade-trees, fountains of every device, arbors rustic in 
 design, pavilions of peculiar construction, and through ravines 
 whose jagged sides and cool depths offer every inducement to 
 the lover of the rugged in nature to satiate fully his appetite for 
 such scenes. The Wissahickon may be called a legend-haunted 
 stream, as the imagination of Leppard and many others have 
 woven weird tales, and mysterious stories have been told of the 
 dark pools, deep solitudes, and protruding rocks of fantastic 
 shapes that are to be met with at many points along the stream. 
 There are also many other points with which pleasing romances 
 are connected, such as Maple Spring, Hermit's Well, the Lover's 
 Leap, and Mam Rinkle's Rock, said by tradition to have been 
 occupied by a wild mysterious creature by the name of Mam 
 Rinkle, " who drank dew from acorn cups, and had the evil 
 eye;" it is said that she held communion with the evil one, and 
 exercised an influence as potent as that which Sir Walter Scott 
 has imputed to Meg Merrilles, the old Gypsey queen. Above 
 this spot there stands a quaint stone building known as the 
 Monastery, once the scene of the religious rites peculiar to an 
 order of German fanatics, who sought this spot to worship un- 
 molested, but who have long since passed away. At the junc- 
 tion of the Wissahickon and Creashein creek there is formed a 
 deep pool known as Devil's Pool; but notwithstanding the 
 Satanic suggestion of the name, this is a favorite resort for pic- 
 nic parties, as it is one of the most retired and picturesque spots 
 in this vicinity. A short distance above this pool there stands a 
 
 Eead^s Gran^ Duchess Cologne, 179 Baltimore St. 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 "W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby EoTise. 
 
 huge ill-shaped rock known as Indian Rock, associated by tra- 
 dition with many an Indian raid ; here, it is said, the chieftains 
 of the various tribes used to assemble with tlieir followers, 
 and by their declamations excite them to war, or to secretly 
 plot for the annihilation of the w'hite intruders. Near this point 
 is the limit of the park, beyond which hundreds of beautiful 
 villas have been erected by the wealthy merchants of the city, 
 who drive to their places of busiue&s in the morning, returniug at 
 night. On the opposite or west side of the Schuylkill, have 
 been erected the immense and multitudinous- buildings of the 
 Centennial Exhibition, which have been minutely described in 
 the article under the head of the Centennial. On this side of 
 the river there are many fine drives, the counterpart of those on 
 the east side, the most celebrated and used of wliich is the 
 Lansdowne drive, called after the estate of Lausdowne, once the 
 residence of John Penn, Pennsylvania's last Governor of the 
 old Colonial line, before the republican form of government 
 was inaugurated, and the old order of things was set aside for 
 the new. This drive winds by many an object of iuterest, from 
 George's Hill, almost encircling the park, past Egglesfield, 
 Sweet Brier, the five mammoth pine trees, to Belmont Mansion, 
 and thence to the Schuylkill, thus enabling the visitor to view 
 this section of the park witliout leaving the carriage. Two 
 popular resorts in this neighborhood are George's Hill and 
 Belmont Mansion, from which the finest scene of any in the 
 park can be had, and around which center man}' a tale of the 
 past. Near by is the cottage of Tom Moore, the sweetest poet 
 that ever sung, which he occupied during his sojourn in this 
 country ; though not the most beautiful spot in the vicinity, yet 
 it seemed to have for him a peculiar charm, as the tributes he 
 pays to it in his poems disclose to us the admiration and love 
 which he ever entertained for it. Fond as he was of roving — as 
 he tells us— 
 
 "Alone by the Schuylkill a wanderer roved, 
 And dear were the flowery banks to his eye,'" 
 
 yet he always returned to* his unostentatious cottage to ponder 
 over the scenes that liis admiring eye had encountered in his 
 walks. There is a splended restaurant at Belmont at which 
 
 50 
 
JAMES D. MASON & CO. 
 
 Manufacturers of all kinds Biscuits, Crackers & Fancy Cakes. 
 
 retieslimeuls of all kinds cau be had. A wide avenue by that 
 name leads to the Ceutennial buildings, intersecting Elm avenue 
 south of the main exhibition baildiug. It also i-uns northwest 
 to West Laurel Hill Cemetery, the most beautiful in this country, 
 filled with the most costly monuments, which in their U^wering 
 whiteness contrast oddly with the dark rocks of the Schuylkill 
 on the East. In the preceding pages an effort has been made to 
 delineate truthfully the beauty aud attractions of Fairmount 
 Park ; but to do it the justice that it demands, a far more vigorous 
 peu and fervid imagination would be necessary, as the scenery 
 here is of such a varied character, and so widely diffused, that to 
 be appreciated fully it must be seen. As viewed from tlie Con- 
 necting Railroad Bridge the most variety is apparent, but as seen 
 from Belmoui Mansion the most comprehensive vistas are pre- 
 sented to the eye. To the south of the magnificent Girard 
 avenue bridge, going west, is the steamboat lauding and Zoologi- 
 cal gardens, the steamboats for ten or fifteen cents conveying 
 you to the Fairmount water- works in a few minutes, from which 
 the quickest and shortest line of street cars cau be taken to the 
 Continental Hotel and Independence Hall. To reach Fairmount 
 Park, starting from the vicinity of the above named places, the 
 Ninth street cars are the most convenient ; also the Arch street 
 aud Vine street line. By means of transfer tickets the Park can 
 be reached from any part of the city; Belmont, Fairmount 
 Columbia Bridge, and other interesting points, by taking the 
 Reading Railroad cars, the fare being only seven cents. 
 
 Zoological Gardens. 
 
 A few years ago there was added to the many features of Fair- 
 mount Park, a Zoological Garden, which, though as yet only in its 
 infancy, presents one of the most interesting and varied collec- 
 tions of carnivora in this country, and there is nowhere to be 
 found in Philadelphia objects which will afford more pleasure to 
 the visitor than these animals, the natives of every country that 
 the sun shines upon. Situated but a few hundred yards south- 
 west of the Girard avenue bridge, and accessible by nearly every 
 
 Eead^s Grand Duchess Cologne, 179 Baltimore St* 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 "W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md,, opp. Maltby House. 
 
 line of street cars in the city, it is daily visited by hnndreds 
 who frequent this home of the untamed and wonderful in the 
 animal kingdom, to see them at their sports and gambols 
 which in their uncon fined state they were accustomed to in- 
 dulge in. We hare here three varieties of kangaroos, tigers, 
 hyenas, lynxes, leopards, giraffes, Angora cats, Tasmanian 
 devils, bears, wild cats, porcupines, panthers, zebras, five species 
 of foxes, wolves, prairie dogs, badgers, beavers, elephants, rhi- 
 noceros, elk, deer in abundance of great variety of species, 
 llamas, bisons, American reindeer, and thousands of others 
 which to many will appear as novelties, as they never have been 
 presented to the public in the menageries that yearly visit the 
 towns and cities of this land. 
 
 The collections of birds and reptiles are of a character that 
 never before have been gathered in one place, and not only please 
 the eyes, but afford profitable study to the naturalist. Their 
 habitation as seen about noon presents certainly a beautiful and 
 interesting spectacle, the bright plumage of numbers of the 
 birds showing a noticeable contrast with the dark hue of others, 
 but like the kaleidoscope creating beauty by variety and change. 
 The monkey cage, containing at least oni- member of each of 
 the hundreds of species of the mouke}^ kinii,dom, is the most 
 amusing of all places to visit; the ludicrous antics of these crea- 
 tures are well calculated to make the most hypochroudiacal 
 person forget their melancholy and laugh in concert witli their 
 less unhappy brothers. The cages are commodious and hung 
 with swings, chains, and hoops suspended from the ceiling, and 
 every device that tends to exhibit the inmates in their native 
 habits. In contrast to these supple creatures there are two 
 Maltese cats of the largest and most beautiful species, one white, 
 the other of a slate color, which are objects of fun to the 
 monkeys, and are seldom permitted to rest from the continuous 
 pommelling that they receive from all quarters; at times a less 
 timid monkey ventures too near and pays for its temerity by a 
 loss of hair and flesh abstracted by the revengeful claws of these 
 felines. To the southeast, are to be seen the bear pits, divided 
 off into three partitions, occupied by black and grizzly bears. 
 The grizzly bear is of an immense size, and a fair type of those 
 
 b2 
 
JAMES D. MASON & CO. 
 
 Mamifacturers of all kinds Biscuits, Crackers & Fancy Cakes. 
 
 which iu the wild state are, of all aoimals, the most feared and 
 dreaded by man. To the northeast of the bear pits is located 
 a structure known as the Carnivora House, within which are 
 confined the more vicious of the animal collection. Of all the 
 fine specimens of animals in the gardens, none obtain or deserve 
 more admiration than the gentle girafi'e, which, as if purposely 
 to show the difference between fierceness and gentleness, is 
 placed among the lions and tigers. Six of these truly wonderful 
 animals were placed here at a cost of many thousand dollars in 
 the summer of 1874; but since that time two have died. They 
 are playful and inquisitive, readily attaching themselves to their 
 keepers, and at all times endeavor to attract notice by a sort of 
 coquettish manner. They are of all creatures the most quiet, as 
 they never utter a sound, not even the agonies of death having 
 that efiect. In looking at them it is hard for us not to believe 
 that we are looking at a creature whose species became extinct 
 with that of the Mastodon, as its long neck and peculiar shaped 
 body reminds us of the appearance of many fossil remains that 
 are daily exhumed. In different parts of the garden arelocated 
 the various enclosures for foxes, buffalo and deer, and a little to 
 the south of the aviary is the home of those peculiar little 
 creatures known as the prairie dog ; though in their native state 
 they are wild and easily frightened, here they are tame, and per- 
 mit themselves to be approached and examined. 
 
 One of the things which make it so pleasant for the ladies and 
 children is the entire absence of spirituous liquors, their sale 
 being forever prohibited inside of the gardens. As an evidence 
 of the attractiveness of the place, there were 310,000 visitors 
 during the first year that it was open, although many of the 
 features that make it so attractive at present were not added 
 until this year. The managers of the gardens have made pro- 
 vision that visitors can enjoy, at moderate prices, all the delica- 
 cies of a first-class saloon as well as the more substantial 
 requirements without leaving the grounds. The restaurant is a 
 beautiful building, and will command attention by its wide 
 porticoes, its deep bay-windows, and the position it occupies, 
 
 Eead^s Grand Duchess Cologne, 179 Baltimore St. 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby House. 
 
 as the Centennial buildings and tiie Park aeioss the Schuylkill 
 can be viewed in all their beauty and variety. 
 
 Hotels. 
 
 The Continental (Cor. Chestnut and Ninth streets, $4.50 a 
 
 day), a long established and very popular house. 
 The Girard, opposite the Continental on Chestnut street, $3.50 
 
 a day. 
 The Washington, Chestnut street, between Seventh and Eighth 
 
 streets, $3.00 a day ; and very popular. 
 The American, Chestnut street, opposite Independence Hall, 
 
 |3.00 a day. 
 Guy's, corner Chestnut and Seventh streets, European plan ; 
 
 rates quite high. 
 The Irving, on Walnut street, near Ninth. 
 The Bingham, corner Market and Eleventh, $3.00 a day. 
 The St. Cloud, Arch street, between Seventh and Eighth, $3.00 
 
 a day. 
 Allegheny, Market street, above Eighth. 
 Commercial, Market street, above Eighth. 
 Central Avenue, Market, above Eighth. 
 Columbia, Broad, above Arch. 
 European, Arch, above Third. 
 Eagle, Third, above Race. 
 Globe, Belmont and Elm avenues. 
 Grand Union, Eleventh and ftumerset. 
 Great Western, Thirteenth and Market. 
 Irving, Walnut, above Ninth. 
 Markoe, Chestnut, above Ninth. 
 Merchants' House, Third, above Callowhill. 
 Merchants' Hotel, Fourth, above Market. 
 Petry's, Broad and Walnut. 
 Revere, Chestnut, above Ninth. 
 Transcontinkntal, Behnont and Elm avenues. 
 United States, Forty-third street and Columbia avenue. 
 Wajjhinhton, Chestnut, above Seventh. 
 
 The Central, a small hotel, on Arch street, below Seventh, 
 $2.00 a day. 
 
 hi 
 
JAMES D. MASON & CO. 
 
 Mantifacturers of all kinds Bisctiits, Crackers & Fancy Cakes. 
 
 The St. Elmo ($3.50^ is on Arch, near Third. 
 
 In the upper part of tlie city is the Colonnade Hotel ($3), 
 cor. Chestnut and Fifteenth streets; also the Lapikuue (53.50)^ 
 on Broad street, near tlie Union League and Opera House. In 
 the eastern part of the city, near tlie Delaware river, are several 
 hotels on a smaller scale: The Riugway, at the foot of Market 
 streef, )^2.00 a day ; the Arch St. House and others ; the Eagle, 
 corner Vine and Third streets; the Bald Eagle, Third street, 
 near Callowhill. There are many first-class boarding-houses on 
 upper Chestnut, Arch and Sausora, and other well located streets 
 at reasonable prices. 
 
 Places of Amusement. 
 
 Academy of Music (Broad and Locust streets) is the largest 
 opera-house in the country, devoted chiefly to operas and 
 
 musical entertainments of a high order. 
 The Academy of Fine xIrts, corner Broad and Cherry. 
 Arch St. Theater, Arch, above Sixth. 
 Arch St. Opera-House, Arch, above 'Jenth. 
 Assembly Buildings, Tenth and Chestnut. 
 Chestnut St. Theater, Chestnut, above Twelfth. 
 Concert Hall, Chestnut, above Twelfth. 
 Eleventh St. Opera-House, Eleventh, above Chestnut. 
 Fox's American Theater, Chestnut, above Tenth. 
 Grand Central Theater, Walnut, above Eighth street. 
 Horticultural Hall, Broad and Locust. 
 Walnut St. Theater, Ninth and Walnut. 
 Wood's Museum, Ninth and Arch. 
 Zoological Gardens, West Fairniount Park, below Girard 
 
 avenue. 
 
 Legal Rates op Hack Fare. 
 
 One passenger, with trunk, valise, carpet-bag or box, distance, 
 one mile, 75 cents ; two passengers, $1.25 ; over a mile and not 
 exceeding two miles, $1.25; two passengers, $1.75; each addi- 
 tional passenger, 25 cents. 
 
 Bead's Grand Duchess Cologne, 179 Baltimore St. 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby House. 
 
 Over two miles, each additional mile or part of a mile, 50 cents ; 
 every additional passenger 50 cents. By the hour, from a public 
 stand, stopping as often as required, $1.50 per hour, for one or two 
 passengers. Each additional passenger, 25 cents. In all cases 
 where the hiring of a hack is not at the time specified to be by the 
 hour, it shall be deemed to be by the mile, but in case tlie dis- 
 tance shall be more than four miles, the rate to be charged for 
 each additional mile, shall be 15 cents for each passenger. In 
 all cases a mile shall be taken and construed to mean twelve 
 blocks. Children between five and fourteen years of age, half- 
 price ; children under five years of age no charge, if not more 
 than one such child to each two grown persons. In case of dis- 
 pute drive to the nearest police station. 
 
 Secret Societies. 
 
 Masonic Temple, Broad and Filbert streets. Members and 
 their friends are admitted to visit the Hall on Thursdays, from 
 10 A. M. to 2 P. M., if not raining. On these occasions ladies 
 and children are admitted, if introduced b}' a member. The R. 
 W. Grand Secretary's address is John Thomson, Masonic Tem- 
 ple, Philadelphia. 
 
 I. O. OF O. F., Hall, Sixth and Cresson streets. James B. 
 Nicholson, Right Worthy Grand Secretary. 
 
 Grand Encampment of Pennsylvania, James B. Nichol- 
 son, Grand Scribe, Odd Fellows' Hall, Sixth and Cresson streets, 
 Philadelphia. 
 
 Grand U. O. of O. F., Hall, 602 Spruce street. 
 
 Order United American Mechanics, Hall, Fourth and 
 George streets. 
 
 Knights of Pythias, Hall, Brond and Spring Garden sts. 
 
 Grand Division Sons of Tempf^rance of Pennsylvania. 
 Office, 118 South Seventh street. Open daily, from 1 to 6 P. M. 
 
 Independent Order of Red Men, Hall, Third and Brown 
 streets. 
 
 Improved Order of Red ^Ifn. A. J. Baker, Great Chief 
 of Records, 518 South Tenth street. 
 
 Patriotic Order Sons of America, General office, 413 
 Chestnut street. 
 
PEINCIPAL POINTS OF INTEREST 
 
 ON THE 
 
 BALTIMORE AND OHIO RAILROAD. 
 
 Wheeling, 
 
 The capital of West Virginia, is pleasantly located on a narrow 
 alluvial plain, overlooked by rugged bills, at the intersection of 
 Wheeling Creek with the Ohio River. It has a population oi 
 19,280, with 21 churches, 4 banks, and five newspapers, and is 
 the seat of the University of West Virginia, an institution sup- 
 ported by the State, with 10 professors and 150 students. There 
 are many objects of interest here; the most prominent are the 
 Wire Suspension Bridge of the National road, with 1,000 feet 
 span, with towers 153 feet above the river ; the magnificent new 
 railway bridge of the Baltimore & Ohio Company, which crosses 
 just below the city, is one of the finest in the country. With the 
 approaches it is If miles long, including a viaduct of 43 spans in 
 the city of Bellaire. The manufactures of Wheeling approach 
 in similarity and magnitude those of Pittsburg, which are chiefly 
 of glass and iron. The adjacent hills abound in minerals, and 
 water power is easily utilized. 
 
 MOUNDSVILLE. 
 
 Moundsville, the county seat of Marshall county. West Vir- 
 ginia, is twelve miles below Wheeling, on the left bank of the 
 Ohio river, and has a population of about 1,500. The town itself 
 is of but little Importance, but derives its celebrity from the large 
 Indian mounds in the vicinity and from which it takes its name. 
 This mound, the largest of those ancient and mysterious relics, 
 of which there are a great many scattered through the Western 
 States, is one of the most interesting of An:kerican antiquities. 
 It is connected with a series of earthworks of ancient con- 
 
 Read's Grand Duchess Cologne, 179 Baltimore St, 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby Hoiise. 
 
 structioa, and is 830 feet ia circumference at the base and about 
 70 feet high ; at its summit it is 63 feet in diameter — assuming 
 the proportions of a huge sugar loaf, and, except where it has 
 been washed and truncated by the storms of centuries, is of 
 very reguhir proportions. In 1838 a shaft was sunk from tlie 
 apex of tiie mound to its base, and a horizontal tunnel 
 made from the base to the center. Two sepulchral cham- 
 bers were found, one at the base and another about thirty 
 feet above it. The chambers had been constructed of logs and ' 
 covered with stone, but had sunk from the decay of the wood- 
 work. Many skeletons of immense proportions were found, 
 showing that a race of giants must have existed long previous 
 to the aborigines discovered by the first white settlers, and from 
 the relics found in their tombs, must have been a much more 
 enlightened race. Among the relics found were 4,000 shell 
 beads, several ornaments made of mica, copper bracelets, and 
 ornaments carved in stone. It is asserted that among other 
 articles dug from it was a small stone on wbicli was sculptured 
 an alphabetical inscription. This tablet is of dark, compact sil- 
 icious rock, and is oval. If inches long and H iu breadth ; it is 
 of rude workmanship, but the characters are all distinct. The 
 inscription consists of three lines and 22 characters, with an 
 ideographic sign. Much diversity of opinion exists as to the 
 nature and origin of the inscription. 
 
 Cheat River. 
 
 The grand mountain scenery for which the Baltimore and 
 Ohio 11. R. is so renowned, lies between Grafton and Piedmont, 
 Leaving the former place the passenger is carried swiftly along 
 through a rugged, almost uninhabited country, growing wilder 
 as he advances, until he dashes suddenly into Kingwood tunnel 
 the longest one upon the road H of a mile). Emerging from 
 this he enters at once into the sublime Cheat River Valley. 
 Creeping along the ledge, cut upon the precipitous sides of these 
 gigantic rocks, with mountains of equal highttowerlng just oppo- 
 site, and with the sparkling river dashing along the valley 
 nearly 1,000 feet below, the scene is indescribably grand and 
 inspiring. No road in the country can boast of scenery as mag- 
 
 dS 
 
BALTIMORE REGALIA EMPORIUM. 
 
 lEOfllES, 
 
 No. 50 North Charles Street, Baltimore, 
 
 » Importers and Manufacturers of 
 
 lEGALIA, AND iOGIBTY iOODS 
 
 FLAGS AND BANNERS. 
 
 Indian Mound. 
 
 EMIL FISHER, 
 
 ^ 
 
 ESTABLISHED 1853, 
 
 And Agent for the New M Dyeing and Printing Estalliskenl, 
 
 "Worlits on JStiileii Isluiid, xVew ^Vorlt, 
 ESTABLISHED 1819, 
 
 Office, 139 "W. Fayette St., between Park and Howard Streets, 
 ]BA£iXI»l:OFtE:, JVIO. 
 
 N. B.— Parties residing at a <listance from the city can forward their Goods by 
 Express, and have them returned in the same way. 
 
 60 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby Souse. 
 
 nificeiil as that here presented, and its wild beauty and grandeur 
 have won for the Cheat River Valle^^ a lame as undying as that 
 of the stupendous falls of Niagara. Climbing still upward the 
 train reaches the summit of the AUeghanies and crosses a broad, 
 level plateau uearly twenty miles in length, known as the 
 ** Glades." Deer Park Hotel, the company's summer resort, is 
 located here, and six miles west of it, at Oakland, another sim- 
 ilar hotel is being built. These places are much frequented dur- 
 ing the summer months on account of the cool, pure mountain 
 air, and the delightful society drawn tliither during that time. 
 At Altamont, three miles beyond Deer Park, the descent of the 
 mountain is commenced along what is called the " seventeen 
 mile grade," (tlie grade here being one hundred and seventeen 
 feet to the mile). 
 
 The scenery on this side is similar to and nearly equals that 
 of Cheat River. At the foot of this grade lies the little village 
 of Piedmont, an important railroad station — it is the terminus 
 of the " Mountain Division." 
 
 Sir John's Run. 
 
 At this station, which is of pre-revolutionary dale, stages are 
 in waiting to carry passengers to the Berkeley Springs, a famous 
 old summer resort of the Virginians. The Springs are 2| miles 
 south of the railroad, and are 4. in number, flowing from the for- 
 est covered sides of the Warm Springs Ridge. They flow 1,200 
 gallons of water a minute, and are chiefly used for bathing, 
 the temperature being 74°. The waters are held to be beneficial 
 in cases of neuralgia and general debility, and the high, cool moun- 
 tain air is also famed for its salubrity. There are hotel accommo- 
 dations for 700 guests. Tiie Berkeley Springs was the first sum- 
 mer resort opened in the South — tliey were on the immense do- 
 main of Thomas Lord Fairfax, who reserved to liimself the 
 source still known as " Lord Fairfax's Spring," and granted the 
 others to the province of Virginia. In 1775 the ill-fated army 
 of General Braddock passed near this place, and Sir John's Run 
 still commemorates Sir Joim St. Clair, an ollit;er of the van- 
 guard. The province laid out the town of Batii in 1770, and 
 Gen, Washington, Gen. Gates, Cliarles Carroll of CarroUton, and 
 
JAMES D. MASON & CO. 
 
 KCanufacturers of all kinds Biscuits, Crackers & Fancy Cakes. 
 
 mauy of the colonial gentry had cottages licre, wliere tliey spent 
 portions of the sunniier in forest sports and bathing. Horse- 
 racing, card-phiying, and tlie old stately dances were tlie order 
 of the day, and at a certain hour, which was announced by the 
 blowing of a horn, the gentlemen retired and allowed the ladies 
 the privileges of the foliage-shaded pool. Hither came the 
 Baron and Baroness de Riedssel in 1780 — lie to recover his 
 health which was shattered in the Saratoga campaign. In 1786 
 James Ruuisey earned enough money at the Baths to build his 
 steamboat, perhaps the first in the world, which was launched 
 at the mouth of Sir John's Run, or at Shepherdstown, a few 
 miles below, and successfully ascended the rapid Potomac. 
 
 Braddock's Grave. 
 
 General Braddock had led one thousand British regulars and 
 one .thousand Provincials on a long and arduous march from 
 Alexandria, Va., to attack the French works at Fort Du Quesne 
 (now Pittsburgh). As the advanced guard crossed the Monon- 
 gahela and advanced unsuspectingly through a region of shallow 
 ravines, it was suddenly enfiladed by several sharp volleys from 
 an unseen foe. The disconcerted vanguard fell back on the 
 center and communicated a panic to the army. Braddock strove 
 for three hours to form his men in line of battle while the enemy 
 were pouring in a deadly fire. Washington's Virginians checked 
 the French by bush fighting, but the close platoons of the regu- 
 lars were mowed down rapidl}^, and Braddock, after five horses 
 were shot under him, fell with a mortal wound. Sir Peter Hal- 
 ket was killed, and Sir John St. Clair was wounded. Tlie army 
 broke ranks and fled, having lost 03 oflUcers and 714 men. 
 Washington (then a Colonel of Provincials) was the senior sur- 
 viving ofiicer, and led the remnant of the force back to Virginia. 
 Braddock was carried for four days, when he died from his 
 wounds and was buried in the center of the road. To prevent 
 the discovery of his grave, and to save the body from dishonor 
 at the hands of the savages, soldiers, horses and wagons passed 
 over it. The location of the grave was well marked ou the sur- 
 
 Read's Grand Duchess Cologne, 179 Baltimore St. 
 
 fi3 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby House. 
 
 rouuding trees, and some fifty 3'cars ago a party of laborers en- 
 gaged in repairing the old road, disinterred some bones, with 
 sundry military trappings, which were kuown by old settlers to 
 be those of the unfortunate General. The assertion has been re- 
 peatedly made and supported by witnesses, that General Brad- 
 dock was shot by one of his own men, Tom Fausett, who is 
 described as having been a man of gigantic frame and half-civil- 
 ized propensities, who spent most of his life as a hermit among 
 the mountains of Fayette county, living upon the game he killed, 
 did not hesitate to avow that he shot Braddock in the engage- 
 ment, declaring that he did so to save what was left of the army. 
 During the figlit Braddock issued an order that the men should 
 not protect themselves behind trees. Joseph Fausett took such 
 a position, when Braddock seeing him, rode up to him and struck 
 him down with his sword. Tom Fausett saw this and shot the 
 General. Such was the account current when actors in the 
 drama yet lived, and it is plausible enough to be true. 
 
 Old Fort Fkederick. 
 
 Among the frontier defences of pre-revolutionary date, erected 
 by the State of Maryland for protection against the French and 
 Indians, old Forts Frederick and Cumberland were the most 
 prominent. Fort Cumberland wns first erected, but from its re- 
 moteness was found inefl'ectual in protecting the numerous and 
 widely scattered settlements then springing into existence. The 
 incursions of the savages became so frequent and destructive in 
 the fall of 1755, that the settlements were deserted by the inhab- 
 itants, who were in imminent danger of their lives had they re- 
 mained. The authorities found it necessary to adopt immediate 
 and vigorous measures to check these inroads and extend pro- 
 tection to the settlers. For this purpose the legislature appro- 
 priated a considerable sum, and Governor Sharp determined to 
 erect a durable and commodious fort, capable of protecting the 
 exposed fn)ntiers, and to garrison ctanfortably from three to four 
 liundred men, with the necessary stores and anununition. For 
 this purpose he purchased 15U acres of land near the present 
 town of Hancock, on the B.dlimore and Ohio road, and in the 
 Spring of 1756, with a large force of mechanics and laborers, he 
 
 • ti4 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md , opp. Maltby House. 
 
 commenced, under bis own superintendence, tlie erection of the 
 subject of our memoir, and by August it was ready to receive its 
 garrison, consisting at first of three liundred men, but afterward 
 reinforced. It was cliristened Fort Frederick by Gov. Sharp, 
 but in wliose honor w^e nre not informed, f^everal expeditions 
 were sent against the Fort, but its strength proving too great 
 for assault tliey contented themselves by breaking into maraud- 
 ing parlies and attacking some unsuspecting cabin or hamlet, 
 and retiring before news could be brought of the disister. To 
 those fond of romancing and dreamuig over relics of the heroic 
 past, when the blood-thirsty savage stole silently toward the 
 settlement or isolated cabin of the hardy and fearless frontiers- 
 man at midnight, can, in this vicinity, tlnd records to feed their 
 f;nic.y to satiety The daruiw; e.vploits of Col. Thomas Cresap 
 and his " Rep Caps," (as Ids followers were designated,) equal, if 
 they ilid not surpass, the l)riglitest pictures of fancy drawn by 
 the roiiianee writers of the present day. He not only kept the 
 savnges at bay, but did not hesitate to question and defy the 
 authority of England or the Royal Governors, when contrary to 
 all instincts of humanity, they permitted a certain class of men 
 to sell firearms to the savages, and for this protest he was out- 
 lawed and compelled to live beyond the reach of Royal authority. 
 Just previous to the revolt of the colonies, several encounters 
 took place between the English soldiery and the Kt^d Caps, and 
 some of the frontiersmen were made prisoners ; but Cresap, by his 
 skill and daring, succeeded in capturing the English stroni;hoM 
 and releasing his own men, who would in all probability have 
 been hung. The old fort is ftist crumbling to pieces, though in 
 its day considered by the frontiersmen a marvel of strength and 
 durability. Washington and many of his conteniporaries who 
 afterwards distinguished themselves in the warof Independence^ 
 fought behind its walls or sallied forth to bring timely aid to 
 some im})eriled .settlement. 
 
 M.XKTINSBUIIG, 
 
 The cai)ilal of lierkeley county, West Virginia, is a pleasantly 
 located town of 6,000 irdiabitants, with 8 churches. Extensive 
 machine Bhoi>s of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad are located 
 
Merciiaiits' and Miiieis' 
 
 TEANSPQRTATIQM GOMFANY, 
 
 BosToisr, 
 
 A. L. HUGGIXS, Apent, Baltimore. E. SAMPSON, Agent. Boston. 
 V. D. GROXER, Xoifolk, Va. E. IT. ROCKWELL, Providence, R. I. 
 
 JAMES B. WEST & CO., Agents, Savannah, Ga. 
 
 Steamers WM. CRANE, AVM. LAWRENCE, JOHXS HOPKIXS, BLACK- 
 STONE. GEO. AFPOLD, McCLELLAN, WM. KENNEDY, AMERICA and 
 SARAGOSSA. 
 
 For Boston, Mondays and Tlmr.sdavs at 2 P. M. From Boston, on Tuesdays at 
 3 P. M., and Saturdays 8 A. M. 
 
 For Providcuci', on Tuesdays and Fridays at 2 }'. M. From Providence, Wed- 
 nesdays and Saturdays at 4 P. M. 
 
 For Savannali, every Tliursilay at o P. .M. From Savannali every Tliursday, 
 connecting at Savannali with Railroads. Tiiroujjli P.ills of Larling and Passage 
 Tickets given to interior points in (Jeorgia, Florida and Alal>au.a 
 
 TH08. w. aoiiajr. 
 
 Agent Georgia Ceatral Eailroad, 9 German ^'trctt, Bfillimoie, 
 
 FAIR HiiVEXT. 
 
 The elegant Bay-siile IJesoit of Fair Haven otitis to tlie visi- 
 tor and traveler the salt, salubrious air of the Chesapeake Bay, 
 and where one can find every salt-water delicacy temptingly 
 served ; fish, cialis and oysleis. 
 
 Elegant Steamers Ply Twice Daily, 
 
 And upon them every protection, comfort and courtesy are guar- 
 anteed to the traveler. Every appliance for healthful recreation, 
 for old and young of either sex, is to be found there, and the 
 visitor can enjoy luxurious salt bathing, fishing and yachting. 
 
 THE DANCING PAVILIONS 
 
 xVrc spacious and conducted with rigid decorum, and the music 
 upon the Steamers and at the Resort is furuishtd by the best 
 city bauds. 
 
 The departure and arrival of the Fair Haven Steamers will be 
 1( und in the daily papers. 
 
 FARE FOK TIIK KOlI]^I> TRIP, ^l.OO. 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby House. 
 
 here and give emploj-inent to 600 men. It is situated on a high 
 plateau west of the Blue Ridge, and has considerable manufac- 
 turing advantages in the water-power of Tuscarora Creek. It is 
 supplied with gas, nnd with water at the cost of $90,000. It 
 was the scene of much contention during the late war, and was 
 captured and re-captured many times. Several severe battles 
 were fought in the vicinity, among them the one in which 
 General Milroy was defeated with severe loss, after which 
 victory the Confederates held it for a long period. In June, 
 1861, the Confederates destroyed near this place 400 cars, and 
 carried South by horse power 13 engines entire, to be used on 
 southern roads. This town is also the home of the the southern 
 heroine and successful spy, Belle Boyd, with whose exploits the 
 country is familiar. 
 
 H.\rper's Ferry. 
 
 This village is built around the b-ise of the Bolivar Heights, 
 on the angle at the confiuence of the Potomac and Shenandoah 
 rivers, and has about 2,000 inhabitants and 4 churches. The 
 scenery in this vicinity is in the highest degree picturesque, and 
 taking into consideration the history of the place, which is 
 replete with incidents of the late war, and the John Brown 
 insurrection, it should be to tlie tourist a most attractive spot. 
 Bolivar Heights (over the village) is where Col D. H. Miles 
 ingloriously surrendt^red to (Jenera Jackson 12,000 men and 73 
 pieces of artiller}'. September 12, 1863. Ele was killed on the spot 
 by a cannon ball after the white tl ig had been displayel. 
 Loudon Heights (across the Shenandoah) and Maryland Heights 
 on tiie Maryland shore were occupied by forts and tiehl works 
 during the siege of Harper's Ferry. These battle mounds still 
 remain and mark the scene of severe lighting. 
 
 The United States arsenal here was captured by Joiin Brown 
 and twenty abolitionists, October 16, 1859, and the wigine-house, 
 wliich may be S(;en near the track, was made their citadel. 
 After a short siege the insurgents were overpowered by the 
 Virginia militia and United States marines. The arsenal was 
 fitted up for making 10,000 muskets a year. In April, 1861, it 
 was guarded by Lieut. Jones and forty United Stales soldiers, 
 
1 
 
 
 v:"^.> %-=-e- ...- > f==~===^.^^Ji(P'L. 
 
 - - — :_-_^_^-__l-_^i^_- ^— _-:- 
 
 
 ^■W^ 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby Hoxise. 
 
 and when the Virginia militia advanced to seize tlie, armory the 
 buildings were speedily destroyed by fire and gunpowder. 
 Jones then evacuated the place, followed by the augry populace 
 for some distance with threats of violence, but he succeeded in 
 makiug good his retreat into Pennsylvania In a month the 
 place was occupied by over 8,000 Confederates; thenceforth 
 through the war Flarper's Ferry was the scene of battles and 
 cannonades, and was alternately occupied by the contending 
 armies. The battle of South Mountain was fought about five 
 miles from here at a pass in the South Mountain called Turner's 
 Gap. The position was held by General Hill with 5,000 Con- 
 federates, and was attacked September 14th, 1862, by the center 
 and right wing of the Army of the Potomac. Longstreet was hur- 
 ried to the relief, and at 2 P. M. there were 30,000 rebel Iroops on 
 the crests and in the pass ; at 4 o'clock the figluing was terrible, 
 and the National forces stormed the hostile positions on the 
 cliffs and rugged ridges with rare heroism. At sunset llie Union 
 commander. General Reno, was killed at the head of his columns, 
 and at 10 P. M. the contest ceased; during the night the Con- 
 federates retired, leaving the Union forces in possession of the 
 field. 
 
 Jefferson's Rock. 
 
 Tourists coming to the popular and highly picturesque vicinity 
 of Harper's Ferry usually make the famed Jefferson's Rock an 
 early visit. Its attractiveness is not alone due to the natural 
 beauty of the position in which it is situated, and the fine view 
 afforded of the many objects of interest for which the neighbor- 
 hood is so renowned, but from the mtiny well authenticated 
 traditions connected with it of having been honored with 
 numerous visits from Thomas Jefferson and other prominent 
 men who lived in this vicinity, or came hither to view nature in 
 its grandeur and to find rest in its solitudes; some go so far as 
 to assert that Thomas Jeffer.^-on on this rock framed that noblest 
 of compositions, the Declaration of American Independence, 
 and in the neighborhood this tradition is very generally be- 
 lieved ; but whether it be so or not we can easily comprehend 
 how these grand works of the Almighty couUl affect the human 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md, opp. Maltby Hotise. 
 
 soul, and inspire in the mind of the great statesman those noble 
 sentiments of justice and liberty, the eloquence and vital force 
 of which coming ages will feel and adore. 
 
 The rock is situated about 600 feet above the level of the 
 streets of Harper's Ferry on the east side of Bolivar Heights. 
 Its outer edge is supported by four columns of masonry to pre- 
 vent it from falling, as the elements have worn away a great 
 portion of its natural foundations, and the authorities took thi? 
 wise precaution to preserve the venerable relic for the benefit of 
 the future tourist. It is completely covered with autographs 
 and inscriptions, many of which are not legible, but the names 
 of many prominent men may still be deciphered, most of which 
 date back in a past generation. The view from this point is one 
 of rare and diversified beauty. The villages of Harper's Ferry, 
 Charlestown, and Sandy Hook, are plainly visible, while 
 directly below pass the Potomac and Shenandoah rivers; to 
 the north the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad with its magnificent 
 iron bridge crosses the Potomac and passes under the precipi- 
 tous Maryland Heights and crosses the Chesapeake and Ohio 
 Canal. To the south the view extends down the fertile valley of 
 Virginia, with the Valley Branch of the Baltimore and Ohio 
 Road running near the base of the mountains. 
 
 Point of Rocks. 
 
 On the Potomac river forty-two miles from Washington is 
 the junction of the Metropolitan Branch of the Baltimore and 
 Ohio Road with the main stem. All express trains leave the 
 main stem at this point and proceed via Washington to Balti- 
 more and points east, only increasing the distance fourteen 
 miles, and conferring the advantage of viewing the National 
 Capital. The scenery here is very attractive, beside the import- 
 ant history connected with it of the late war. The river here 
 c ts through mountains, leaving high cliffs on either side. Id 
 the distance to the left can b.e seen Sugar Loaf Mountain, a much 
 coveted point of observation when the contending armies were 
 in the vicinity, and from its importance it was captured and re- 
 captured many times. General Lee crossed the Potomac at this 
 place September 4 and 7, 18G3, when he invaded Maryland and 
 
 72 
 
B. G. TUBMAN, 
 
 Conjpiler, Advertising ai]d Book ^gent 
 
 Prompt Attention Given to all Business Placed in 
 his Chargre. 
 
 No. 12 WEST LOMBARD STREET, OR 72 SOUTH CALVERT STREET, 
 BALTIMORE. 
 
 Reference, H^A. MILLER, Gen'I Ticket Department B. & 0. R. R., Camden 
 Station, Baltimore. 
 
 PuiNT OF KOOKS. 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby ELouse. 
 
 PeVinsylvania. The railroad was torn up and the canal filled 
 with rock and earth from the overhanging boulders. In 1874 
 the fish commissioner supplied the upper Potomac with a quan- 
 tity of young bass — the experiment proved very successful — and 
 the numbers have increased, and the delightful sport of taking 
 them by hook and line is enjoyed by large numb'ers of sports- 
 men during the season, and Point of Rocks has recently become 
 a favorite resort for the lovers of angling from Baltimore, Wash- 
 ington and adjacent towns, who are allured here from its natu- 
 ral attractiveness and the good fishing. 
 
 The John Brown House. 
 
 John Brown, the abolition fanatic, whose exploits are con- 
 nected with the old engine-house at Harper's Ferry, (now known 
 as the John Brow^n House,) was born at Torriugton, Conn., 
 May 9th, 1800, and was lianged at Charlestown, Va., Dec 2nd, 
 1859. He was fifth in descent from Peter Brown, who landed 
 from the Mayflower at Plymouth, in 1620. His enthusiasm on 
 liberty bordered on fanaticism ; many believed him insane on 
 the subject. On Sunday night, October IGth, 1859, Brown and 
 22 of his men entered Harper's Ferry and took j^ossessiou of 
 the town without any opposition, as it was a complete surprise. 
 During the night he was re-inforced b}' six or eight negroes. 
 Brown look his stand first in tiie arsenal, but was compelled to 
 retreat to the engine-house, which was more easily defended 
 with a small force. He was closely invested, and firing was 
 kept up during the day until the arrival of Col. R. E. Lee with 
 a body of U. S. Madnes, when the house was immediately 
 broken open, and after a short but desperate struggle. Brown 
 with several others were taken prisoners. Col. Washington, 
 who was Brown's prisoner at the time, relates the following : 
 "With one son dead by his side, and another shot through, he 
 felt the pulse of his dying son with one hand and held his rifle 
 with the other, and commanded his men with the utmost com- 
 posure, encouraging them to be firm and sell their lives dearly." 
 The engine-house is plainly visible from the car window, a lew 
 yards from the track. . 
 
TuE JyiiN iJu'jWN Hols 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby House. 
 
 Weyer's Cave. 
 
 One hundred and thirteen miles southwest of Harper's Ferry, on 
 the Valley f ranch of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, is Weyer's 
 Cave Station, to reach which the tourist traverses a country 
 which lor beauty, sublimity and picturesqueness, has not its equal 
 on this side of the Atlantic. Every mile of the route is replete 
 with interest, as it has been rendered historical and famous on 
 account of the exploits of Johnson, Early and Evvell, and as 
 being the scene of some of the most severe fighting during the 
 war of Secession. The road passes through the hard-fought 
 battle-fields of Winchester, Cedar Creek and Mt. Jackson, evi- 
 dences of the severity of which are terribly apparent in the many 
 ruins of burnt dwellings, devastated fields and fenceless districts, 
 through a fair agricultural and grazing country, past the old 
 towns of Winchester, Strasburg, Woodstock, Mt. Jackson and 
 Harrisonburg, beneath the frowning bights of the Masiunutton 
 Mountains, or Three Sisters, which present to the eye the appear- 
 ance of immense battlements standing dark and ominous against 
 the clear blue of the Southern sky, and skirts the fertile and 
 fresh green back of the Shenandoah. To the right, in the dis- 
 tance, rises far above the surrounding mountains in solemn 
 grandeur, North Mountain, the silent guardian of the Valley of 
 Virginia, the scene of many a sanguinary affray, and a witness 
 of the events that astonished the world. Arriving at Weyer's 
 Cave Station, a delightful and interesting ride of two miles by 
 stage, over a fine road, brings the tourist to the world-renowned 
 Weyer's Cave, whicii has a reputation supported by the enthusi- 
 astic accounts of all who have visited it, as far surpassing the 
 mammoth cave of Kentucky in grandeur and natural beauty, and 
 the Grotto of Antiparos in sublimity and wonderful formations. 
 Its hundreds of irregular chambers of great bight, with their 
 overhead decorations, surpassing the grandest order of the ara- 
 besque in architecture, immense distances, marvellous natural 
 combinations of fantasHc shapes and grotesque images, and the 
 peculiar character of its stalactites and stalagmites, all unite in 
 impressing the beholder with admiration and awe. The most 
 famous chamber is the Hall of Statuary ; the statues, as seen by 
 
JAMES D. MASON & CO. 
 
 Manufacturers of all kinds Biscuits, Crackers & Fancy Cakes. 
 
 the dim and flickering light of the torch, produce a shudder at 
 the close resemblance thej'' bear to the petrified figures of breath- 
 ing liuraanity. So natural and lifelike are these figures that the 
 fact of their being but the result of chemical process is with 
 difficulty entertained. Far as the light of the torch can pene- 
 trate, marvels of beauty and surprising and startling changes 
 meet the eye. The tourist should by all means spend a few days 
 in this vicinity. 
 
 WASHINGTON CITY. 
 
 To every citizen who has never visited the Capitol of the Uni- 
 ted States, this city will prove to him fully as wonderful and 
 attractive as Philadelphia itself, in all her Centennial glory. The 
 latter city, though possessing many objects of interest to catch 
 the traveler's eye and please his fancy, depends during this year 
 for her attractiveness principally upon the gigantic exliibiton 
 which takes place within her limits. This vast collection of 
 curiosities in painting, sculpture, mechanics and antiques, and 
 this display of the products, manufactures, etc., of the various 
 nations who have accepted the invitation of our government to 
 unite with us in our celebration, will of course prove vastly 
 gratifying and instructive, and more than recompense the visitor 
 for any trouble or expense the trip may cause him. While, then, 
 national pride, if not curiosity, arouses in every one the desire to 
 join in cekbratiug our nation's birthday, it would be a glaring 
 fault to omit to pay a visit to the capital city of the nation when 
 it may be so easily done. Washington is a standing museum of 
 curiosities and wonderful sights. To attempt to give even a con- 
 densed description of what may and should be seen in it, would 
 take a volume many times the size of ours. We can then but 
 glance at the cliief objects of interest, and let the traveler who 
 
 Read's Grand Duchess Cologne, 179 Baltimore St. 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 "W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, MdL, opp. Maltby Hoxise. 
 
 B. & 0. R. R, Depot, Washington Citt. 
 
 thinks it worth his while to stop there, visit and enjoy for him- 
 self the places that we can but point out. The first thing that 
 strikes the attention of the stranger, is the width and grandeur 
 of the avenues, which have gained for Washington the name of 
 the " City of Magnificent Dintances.'^ It has over two hundred 
 miles of streets and avenues which are of greater width than any 
 city in tlie world, giving to it a most magnilicent and imjjosing 
 appearance. Twenty-one of these avenues radiating from the 
 Capitol building as a central point, cross obliquely the streets 
 which are laid out at right angles, and form triangular sections 
 all over the city, which are arranged as parks or ornamented 
 with beautiful fountains. Washington cannot fail to become in 
 tlie course of time one of the most magnificent cities of the world, 
 
 78 
 
DANIEL F. POPE. 
 
 M. J. 0WBN8. 
 
 Produce Commission Merchants 
 
 3S South Street f Balthnore, 3Id. 
 
 Especial Atteution Paid to tbe Sale of 
 
 Butter, Cheese, Eggs, Poultry, Dried Fruits, Etc. 
 
 BRANCH HOUSE, OWENS Si POPE, 
 
 313 NINTH STREET, WASHINGTON, D, C. 
 
 P 
 
 mmMW^mw & e@a 
 
 m 
 HI 
 
 H 
 
 0) 
 
 AKD FINE FUBMSHING GOODS, 
 
 301 W. BALTIMORE STREET, 
 3BAI.TyB!tQRE. BfSEB. 
 
 Goodyear's India Eutter Goods House. 
 MdButmtarers^ Mgmt, 
 
 219 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Leather and Rubber M.ichine Beltin;^ and Hose, Lace Leatiier, Rivets and 
 Punches, Hemj) and (Juin I'ackinir, Wajjon and Car Snviugs, Linen Ho.se for Fac- 
 tories, Hras-i Pipes and Cou]ilint;s, Clothing, Boots and Shoes, Hard RubberGoods, 
 Surgical, l'%imilv and Invalid Rubber Ooods. Articles of India Rubber manufac- 
 fnre.J to <.nl.-r. 
 
^W, &EQEQB ME§TAWMAMT 
 
 AND 
 
 Ladies' & Geatlemea's Dining Booms, 
 
 907 and 909 F St., (Masonic Temple,) 
 
 Tour attention is paktictilaky invited to the Prices on onr Bill of Fare, as 
 you will And ihem. on all staple articles of food to be, as stated, fifty per cent. 
 Delow those of the leading Restaurants in the city. TVe prefer to do a large busi- 
 ness at a small profit. "As a new broom sweeps clean/' you bad better try tbe 
 ST. GEOKGE under the new management. 
 
 . A. S^^IMFLE, Proprietor. 
 
 T. J. IRVING & CO. 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF THE 
 
 ElltpticToke Shirt 
 
 Cut -with, stich reference to Syntlietoniical 
 Conformation as insures 
 
 Perfection in Fit and Comfort in Wear, 
 
 1C5W Wt'st Hultiinoi-e Sti-t>»>t, 
 Second Floor, 33 AX-TIlVIOFiK:. 
 
 Our Pantaloon Drawers are the only Keliable Article now in use. 
 
JAMES D. MASON & CO. 
 
 2Stanu£acturers of all kinds Biscuits, Crackers & Fancy Cakes. 
 
 \l', indeed, it cannot already lay claim to that honor. Its chief 
 grandeur and ornament is its public buildings, pre-eminent 
 among which is 
 
 The Capitol Building, 
 
 situated on the summit of Capitol Hill, and towering upward 
 more than three hundred feet, it commands an extensive and 
 beautiful view ; on one hand down the broad bosom of the Poto- 
 mac river; on the other^three sides, across the farms and meadow 
 lands of the surrounding country, and is itself an object promi- 
 nently visible for many miles. 
 
 Its immense size and the beauty and exquisite grace of its 
 architecture, combine to render it one of the grandest and most 
 imposing buildings in the world. It is in every sense worthy to 
 be the seat of government of any country, and is in this hundredth 
 year of our national existence, most justly the chief ornament 
 and object of pride to every American citizen. The building is 
 entirely of marble, with the exception of the dome, which is of 
 iron and weighs over 8,000,000 pounds. The corner-stone of 
 the Capitol was laid in 1793 by George Washington, and until 
 1851 comprised only the dome, rotunda and the two halls im- 
 mediately adjoining. In that year the corner-stone of the ex- 
 tension was laid by Daniel Webster, and the building was made 
 complete by the addition of the two magnificent wings now used 
 as the halls of the Senate and House of Representatives, and 
 containing also the numerous committee rooms. The corner- 
 stone contains the following words of the eminent statesman: 
 " If, therefore, it shall hereafter be the will of God that this struc- 
 ture shall fall from its base, that its foundation be upturned and this 
 deposit be brought to the eyes of men, be it then known that 
 on this day the Union of the United States stands firm, that 
 their Constitution still exists unimpaired and with all its origi- 
 nal usefulness and glory, growing every day stronger and 
 stronger in the aflfections of the great body of the American 
 people, and attracting more and more the admiration of the world. 
 And all here assembled, whether belonging to public or private 
 
 Bead's Grand Duchess Cologne, 179 Baltimore St. 
 
 SI 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street^ Baltimore, MdL, opp. Maltby Hoiise. 
 
 life, with hearts devotedly thankful to Almighty God for the 
 preservation of the liberty and happiness of the country, unite 
 in sincere and fervent prayers that this deposit, and the walls 
 and arches, the doitics and towers^ the columns and entablatures, 
 now to be erected over it, may endure for ever. God save the 
 United States of America. 
 
 Daniel Webstek. 
 Secretary of State of tlie United StatesJ* 
 
 Tlie principal rooms of the Capitol are Wig Library of Congre&Sy 
 containing 200,000 volumes and 50,000 pamphlets, numbering 
 some of the rarest and most valuable in the world ; this hall is 
 built of marble and iron, and is exquisitely frescoed. The Su- 
 preme Court of the United States, also of marble, and noted for 
 its symmetry and chaste simplicity ; it is ornamented by the busts 
 of the former Chief Justices of the Republic. The Marble Room, 
 both the sides and ceilings of which are composed of most highly 
 polished marble of numerous varieties and colors. The Presi- 
 dent's Room, one of the richest that the Capitol contains, and 
 which is ornamented with frescoes, arabesque and portraits. 
 The Senate Chamber and Hall of Representaii'ceSy where the legis- 
 lative bodies hold their sessions; the seats for the members are 
 arranged in 'concentric semi-circles, and the galleries arc for the 
 people; the ceilings are of iron and stained glass, with symbolic 
 designs. The Statuary Hall, which was used as the House of 
 Representatives before the wings were T)uilt ; this is to be used 
 as a sort of national gallery, and each State has been requested 
 to send statues of two of its representative men ; most of the 
 States have already complied, and the rest will follow speedily. 
 T7ie Rotunda, a striking circular hall 180 feet high, surmounted 
 by the dome of the Capitol. This hall is surrounded with eight 
 panels, in which are large historical paintings, representing 
 " The Declaration of Independence," *' The Surrender of Bur- 
 goyne," " The Surrender of Cornwallis," " Washington Resign- 
 ing his Commission," "Embarkation of the Pilgrims," "Dis- 
 covery of the Mississippi," " Landing of Columbus," and " Bap- 
 tism of Pocahontas." An iron stairway leads to the top of the 
 dome, whence is obtained a most magnificent view of T\'ashing.- 
 
 S2 
 
JAMES D. MASON & CO. 
 
 Manufacturers of all kinds Biscuits, Crackers & Fsmcy Cakes. 
 
 ton and its surrouudings. Tlie east entrance of the Capitol is by 
 a bronze door, remarkable for its beautiful panel-reliefs and fine 
 casting. Facing the entrance is a colossal statue of Washington 
 in a sitting posture, and on either side of the grand stairways are 
 placed large statues of peace and war. The grounds around the 
 Capitol are laid out with great regularity and with beautiful 
 taste. Close to the Capitol grounds are the Botanical Gardens, 
 covering ten acres of land. It is one of the most complete and 
 varied collections of the kind in the country. It contains grow- 
 ing specimens of the most remarkable and rarest tropical plants 
 and trees, together with an endless variety of the brilliant and 
 beautiful flowers of our own country. 
 
 Treasury Department. 
 
 Looking west from the Capitol up Pennsylvania avenue, is 
 seen a massive building of Ionic architecture, 583 feet long and 
 300 feet wide. This is the Treasury building ; it presents a very 
 imposing appearance, being built of gray granite, with a front of 
 painted sandstone. The south front commands a fine view of 
 the Potomac river, and has a broad platform which is to be em- 
 bellished with statues. Two fountains adorn the north front, 
 which looks upon Pennsylvania avenue. There are 195 rooms 
 in this building, the most beautiful of which is the cash room ; 
 this is lined with the richest and most beautiful varieties of 
 marble, and the ceiling is finished in gilded moldings. This 
 department employs a regular army of clerks, a great number of 
 whom are ladies, engaged in counting gold and currency, and 
 examining the mutilated bills returned for redemption. Visitors 
 were formerly admitted to most of the rooms of this building, 
 but recently the regulations in this regard have made access very 
 difficult. The gold room can only be entered by a permit from 
 the Treasurer; here is stored about $10,000,000 in gold coin. 
 
 The White House. 
 
 Nearly adjoining the Treasury Department is the White House 
 or Executive Mansion, the residence of the President of the 
 
 Eead^s Grand Duchess Cologne, 179 Baltimore St, 
 
 83 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, McL, opp. Maltby House. 
 
 United States. It is built of white freestone, and is 170 feet long 
 and 86 feet deep. The grounds in front of the building are laid 
 out with handsome shade trees. Tlie rooms are magnificently 
 furnished, the east room being the handsomest ; the otliers are 
 known as the red, blue and green rooms. In the vestibule are 
 several portraits of Presidents of tlie United States. 
 
 The Patent Office. 
 
 The Patent Office is a classical structure of chaste and mas- 
 sive simplicity, and is one of the most adM)ired of the govern- 
 ment buildings. It is situated on the corner of F and 9th streets ; 
 it is built of Maryland marble with the exception of the F street 
 front, which is of whitened sandstone; the portico of this front 
 consists of sixteen immense doric columns, to which there leads 
 a long stairway. Over 100,000 models of various inventions are 
 kept here, and form a collection that is absolutely bewildering to 
 examine. The American genius for invention is shown by the 
 fact that in thirty years the United States issued nearly as many 
 patents as Great Britain did in two hundred years, netting a 
 revenue of two and a half million dollars. 
 
 Smithsonian Institute. 
 
 On Seventh street, not far from Pennsylvania avenue, is the 
 Smithsonian Institute. It is a library, museum and art galk^y, 
 founded by James Smithson, an Euglishman, who, for reasons 
 unknown, left his property to the United States of America, for 
 the founding of such an esta!)lishment at Washington ; he never 
 visted this country, and is not known to have been even ac- 
 quainted here. The building is a remarkably beautiful one, 
 built of a reddish brown sandstone ; two handsome towers form 
 the front of it, a. id are loO feet high, while seven other towers 
 adorn the main building; the grounds are laid out with great 
 taste, and are very attractive. The museum is very rich in 
 curiosities and interesting specimens, and is a favorite resort of 
 visitors to Washington city. Tlie main hall or national museum 
 is 200 feet long and 50 wide, and contains the chief objects of 
 interest on exhibition. What tirst strikes the eye of the visitor, 
 are the immense and odd looking casts (»f numerous extinct 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby House. 
 
 species of animals, and the enormous skeletons of some of the 
 ancient inhabitants of this globe. Among the other things to be 
 seen here are specimens of every American bird, war implements 
 and cooking utensils of various barbarous nations, Egyptian 
 Mummies, cases of Indian and Alasakau wearing apparel, tools, 
 and curious articles of tiieir manufacture, casts of fish, shells of 
 turtles and nests of eggs of ditferent birds. In the hall above the 
 main hall are collections of crystals, gems (in the rough), and 
 various geological formations; in tlie center of the room is an 
 immense aiass of native copper, which was formerly used by the 
 Indians near Lake Superior as a sacrificial altar; it cost the Uni- 
 ted States over S5,oU0. Some interesting paintings also adorn 
 the walls of these rooms. Close by the Smithsonian Institute is 
 the 
 
 DEPAKTME^'T OF AGRICULTURE. 
 
 It is a fine brick building with Mansard roof and brownstone 
 moldings; it contains the library of the department and tlie 
 Agricultural Museum; in this latter are to be seen specimens of 
 grains, grasses and other products of the soil, foreign grains, 
 varieties of wood, wax imitations of fruits, silk in every stage 
 of its manufacture, drugs, dyes, and domestic birds and ani- 
 mals. The plant houses are of iron and glass, and in them 
 are grain, pineapples, oranges, palms and other tropical pro- 
 ducts. The flower gardens are in front of the building, and their 
 lloral wealth and beauty in the season of their full bloom is well 
 worth seeing. 
 
 CoiiCOKAN Art Gallery, 
 
 on Pennsylvania avenue, nearly opposite the White House, 
 was constructed by Mr. VV. \V. Corcoran, a wealthy banker of 
 Washington, at a cost of $000,000 ; it is of brick and brown- 
 stone, and is inscribed on the front, " Dedicated to Art." It 
 contains a rare and valuable collection of paintings, statues and 
 art curiosities. Hiram Powers' exquisite and famous statue of 
 the Greek slave is to be seen here. 
 
 Read's Grand Duchess Cologne, 179 Baltimore St. 
 
Bolton's Washington Hotel, 
 
 With moderate rates; easy of access by Street Cars. 
 Chestnut Street, just above Seventh, 
 
 BOLTON'S HOTEL, 
 
 With free Omnibus to and from all trains, night and 
 day — at the business center. 
 
 IiA.R.PlISBXJJRa- 
 
 COLUMBIA HOUSE, 
 
 With 'full ocean view, and accommodations for one 
 
 thousand guests. 
 
 C^^I^E l^J^-^. 
 
 PROPRIETOR. 
 
 86 
 
JAMES D. MASON & CO. 
 
 IIaiiufact\irers of all kinds Bisctdts, Crackers & Fancy Cakes. 
 
 Washington Monument. 
 
 Overlooking the Potomac River, on its left bank, is Ike Wash- 
 ington Monument, or rather the commencement of it. A great 
 square unfinished tower is all that is to be seen, and is rather a 
 blemish than an ornament to the city. It was commenced in 
 1848, and was intended to be one of the most magnificent and 
 costl}^ structures of tlie kind ever built. Its hight was to be 
 600 feet, and its base, a rotunda 100 feet high, supported by 30 
 columns adorned by arms of the States and other liistoric carv- 
 ings. The various States and several foreign countries, such 
 as Egypt, Greece, Home, Switzerland, China, Japan and others, 
 have sent memorial stones to be used in its construction. It is 
 doubtful if this monument ever will be finished — one million 
 dollars being sliil needed for its completion. It is proposed to 
 demolish it and build a grand triumphal arch with its material. 
 The monument was originally intended to be the tomb of Geo. 
 Washington. 
 
 The Suburbs op Washinoton 
 
 are very beautiful, and many a pleasant and interesting hour 
 may be spent in visiting them. The most noticeable places are 
 as follows: 
 
 Tlie Soldiers' Uome — Three miles north of the Capitol, a group 
 of marble buildings in a fine park of about 500 acres, where 
 disabled soldiers of our army find a quiet and comfortable 
 asylum. 
 
 The Arlmgton National Cemelery, on the right bank of Poto- 
 mac River, (opposite Georgetown). Here are buried over 15,- 
 000 soldiers. It was formerly owned by Mr. D. P. Custis, the 
 first husband of Martha Wasliingtou. The view of Washing- 
 ton and the Potomac from the mansion is beautiful in the ex- 
 treme, and well worth a journey thither to see it. 
 
 The Government Asylum for the Insane, the Columbia Deaf- 
 Mute Institute and the Howard University are also places of 
 interest and much visited. 
 
 Eead's Grand Duchess Cologne, 179 Baltimore St, 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby Hoxise. 
 
 Gem^getown CW%e— founded by the Jesuits in 1791, is a queer 
 looking, venerable institution, situated on tlie bights above the 
 Potomac • it numbers amoug its gniduates some of the most 
 famed and honored men of this century. On the Potomac river, 
 15 miles below the city, is Mt. Vernon, the tomb of Geo. Wash- 
 ington. It can be reached by steamers which leave tbe Seventh 
 street wharf, daily, at 10 A. M. 
 
 Washington Hotels. 
 Arlington (15.00), Corner Fifteenth and I Sts. 
 Willard's ($4.50), Corner Fourteenth St. and Penn. Ave. 
 Ebbitt House, Corner Fourteenth and F Sts. 
 Metropolitan ($4.00), Pennsylvania Ave., near Sixth St. 
 Tremont House ($3.50), near B. & O. R. R. Depot. 
 National ($4.00), Cor. Penna. Ave. and Sixth St. 
 Wormley's, Fifteenth St. 
 
 St. James (European ), near B. & P. R. R. Depot. 
 Washington, Cor. Penna. Ave. and Third Sts. 
 St. Mark (European), Cor. Penna. Ave. and Seventh St. 
 St. Cloud, Corner F and Seventh Sts. 
 Imperial Hotel, Ninth St., near Pennsylvania Ave. 
 
 Theaters. 
 Ford's Opera House, Ninth St., near Penna. Ave. 
 Ford's National Theater, E St., near Fourteenth. 
 
 BALTIMORE. 
 
 Baltimore, the sixth city of the United States in size and popu- 
 lation, is pleasantly situated on the Patapsco River, about 13 
 miles distant from its junction with the Chesapeake Bay. It is 
 an important commercial and manufacturing cit}', having about 
 300,000 inliabitants. Several prominent lines of railroad center 
 here, and have their own wharves, thus being able to deliver their 
 goods directly at the water's edge. This advantage, and the 
 quick and direct connection that Baltimore lias with the princi- 
 pal western cities, have combined to make her one of the chief 
 
JAMES D. MASON & CO. 
 
 Manufacturers of all kinds Biscuits, Crackers & Fancy Cakes. 
 
 shipping points on the Atlantic seaboard. For many years it 
 has been one of the largest grain and flour markets in the world. 
 Immense ((uantities of tobacco, sugar, coal, and cotton are also 
 sent from here annually. The new grain elevator of the B. & O. 
 R. R. at Locust Point, has a capacity of nearly 2,000,000 bush- 
 els. The Baltimore oysters have long been widely famous and 
 twenty-five firms are engaged in dredging them from the Chesa- 
 peake Bay and shipping them north and west. The city is built 
 upon hilly ground, and is noted for itshealthfulness and the neat 
 and cleanly appearance of its streets, particularly in the northern 
 sections. Baltimore and Charles streets are the principal ones 
 for the retail trade, and are constantly thronged with the bright 
 and beautiful women that have won so fair a name for their 
 native city. 
 
 The City Hall, 
 
 On the corner of Holliday and Fayette streets, is unsurpassed 
 by any building in the the United States except the Capitol 
 building at Washington, in either magnitude of proportions or 
 beauty of architecture, and is justly an object of pride to the citi- 
 zens of Baltimore. Its lofty dome, plainly visible from all parts 
 of the city, is 260 feet high, and surmounted by a lantern, at the 
 base of which a projecting balcony aflbrds a magnificent view of 
 the city and the broad expanse of the river and bay. 
 
 The Washington and Battle Monuments. 
 
 These structures, wiiich have given to Baltimore the name of 
 the "Monumental City," are well worth the attention of the 
 visitor. The first is at the intersection of Charles and Monu- 
 ment streets, and is considered one of the chief ornaments cf the 
 city ; from a square base of fifty feet in height there rises an un- 
 broken marble column 180 feet in height, surmounted by a colos- 
 sal statue of Washington 16 feet high. In the center of this col- 
 umn is a spiral stairway of 228 steps, by which the narrow bal- 
 ustrade just below the statue is reached. The view from here is 
 very fine, equaling that from the loftier pinnacle of the City 
 
 Read's Grand Duchess Cologne, 179 Baltimore St. 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 "W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp, Maltby House. 
 
 Hall. The Battle Monument, on Calvert street, near Baltimore, 
 is a beautiful work of memorial art. It was built, to commemo- 
 rate soldiers who fell in the defeuce of the city in 1814 ; it is 53 
 feet high and surmounted by a marble female figure, emblematic 
 of the city of Baltimore. The shaft is inscribed with the names 
 of the fallen soldiers. At the base of the; monument are bas-re- 
 liefs of the battle of North Point and the bombardment of Fort 
 McHenry. This fort guards the approach to the city by water, 
 and was vigorously attacked by the British in 1812, but without 
 any success. 
 
 The loftiest structure in the city is the Presbyterian church on 
 the corner of Park avenue and Monument street, a beautiful 
 building of brown stone, the graceful spire of which towers 267 
 feet into the air. 
 
 Among the prouiinent buildings which grace the city are the 
 Catholic Cathedral on Cathedral street, below Franklin; the 
 Young Men's Christian Association, on Charles and Saratoga 
 streets, and the Peabody Institute and Conservatory of Music on 
 Charles and Monument streets. The Peabody Institute contains 
 a fine public library and a small collection of statuary, in which 
 may be seen Reinhart's exquisite statue of " Clytie." Another 
 noted building is the Academy of Music on Howard street above 
 Franklin. This is one of the most beautiful and best appor- 
 tioned theaters in the country, and in its acoustic properties is 
 unsurpassed. It is much admired and praised by all opera 
 sinuers who have visited this iihy. 
 
 Among the suburban drives aud parks around the city, the 
 finest is the pride of Baltimore, her beauiii'ul 
 
 Druid Hill Paiik. 
 This Park, justly called the most beautiful in America, con- 
 sisting of 680 acres, 500 of which comprised formerly the old 
 Kogers estate, lies to the northwest of the city, and can be 
 reached either by the Madison avenue or Citizens' line of ears. It 
 was inaugurated in 1860, during the Mayoralty of Hon. Thomas 
 Swann. The entrance is beneath an arch of brown stone, and 
 as you penetrate beyond the gateway you are struck with its 
 beauty as it stretches out before you. First, there is a long 
 
FAC SIMILE OF CENTENNIAL MEDAL. 
 
 1776 WlLLlAfVl H. BRERETON, 1S76 
 
 N. E. Cor. 7th and F Streets, opposite IT. S. Patent Office, 
 WASHINGTON, D. C. 
 
 Prosecution of Rejected and Defective Cases Made a Specialty. 
 
 Also. Exaniiuutions. Searches nnd Opinions as to Novelty, InlVingement, Pat- 
 entability, or Ownership, carefullj- and thoroughly conducted, and fully reported. 
 
 All actions arising in relation to Patents diligently prosecuted. Caveats, Re- 
 issues, Assigiinientw, Licenses, Contracts, and oilier Legal Papers carefully and 
 accurately prepared. 
 
 TO MAKE APPLICATION FOR PATEJSTS. 
 
 If a Machine or Mechanical Invention, send me a neat model, within 12 Inches 
 In size, a slight description thereof, and *i5 on account of fees. 
 
 If a compound, send samples of each ingredient and one of the complete com- 
 pound, with description or statement of mode of compounding or preparing the 
 »ame, and *15 on account of fees. 
 
 If a Reissue is desired, send the old Letters Patent, with statement of defects, 
 and foO on account of fees. 
 
 if a Design Patent is wanted, send a drawing, photograph or other illustration 
 of the object, and *15 on account of tees. 
 
 If a Trade Mark, send a print or illustration, and $15 on account of fees. 
 
 If a Caveat is desired, send a slight description with a rough drawing or model, 
 and $10 on account of fees. 
 
 [A caveat affords one year's protection in which to complete an invention.] 
 
 All business entirely contidential and made a personal matter of, and receives 
 prompt :\nd careful attention. 
 
 Any further information or advice will be freely given. 
 
 l»"Pamphlets giving full and comprehensive insiructions, FREE _^9 
 
 WOULD respe(;tfully refer to 
 
 Right Rev "William Pinkney. D.D., LL.D., Picliop Diocese of Maryland. 
 
 Rev. J. H. p:iliott, D.D.. Rector Ascension Church. "Washington, D. C. 
 
 Hon. M. G. Emery, Late Mayor, Washington, D. C. 
 
 J. C Mclvelden. Esq., President Second National Dank, Washington, D. C. 
 
 E. J. Middleton. Esq., Clerk Supreme Court D. C. 
 
 Lieutenant W. J. Turner, U. S. Army, Atlanta, Georgia. 
 
 .las. L. Gibbs, Esq,, Chief Clerk, General Appraiser, Custom House, Philadelphia. 
 
 Wni.L. Lance, Esq., Pres't American Underwriters' Asbociatiou, Philadelphia. 
 
MARYLAND STEAM BAKERY, 
 
 No. 149 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Md., opp. Maltby HoTise. 
 
 avenue, bounded on either side by large flower pots about ten 
 feet iu height, called Svvann avenue, extending from the gate 
 about two hundred yards uortliward. At the end of the avenue 
 there are three paths, each leading to a different part of the 
 park. One leads to the Mansion House and the central part of 
 the grounds; one skirts the western border, whilst the third 
 conducts to Druid Lake, the center of attraction to all who visit 
 the park, a beautiful sheet of water, clear as crystal, one mile iu 
 circuit, around which is a splendid drive; in the middle is a 
 fountain, placed so low in the water as to be scarcely discernible, 
 but at four o'clock, when the water is turned on, the almost in- 
 visible speck suddenly becomes alive, and a magnificent column 
 shoots skyAvard nearly 90 feet, to the delight of hundreds who 
 daily assemble to view this grand and imposing spectacle. Leav- 
 ing the lake and piercing deeper the mazes of trees and ever- 
 greens, you are impressed with the strict adherence to nature of 
 every embellishment augmented by the great natural scenery 
 and arrangement with which the Park abounds. Further on 
 you reach a pagoda— an octagonal-shaped house for the musi- 
 cians or all who desire to avail themselves of its shade. Here 
 the seasons are represented by figures in marble, life-size, em- 
 blematic of the clianges wrought by the cycle of time. 
 
 Leaving the statues and advancing by a delightful walk, we 
 come to another small lake, a diamond in a bed of emerald. Still 
 advancing, we at last arrive at the Mansion House, a large, 
 square building, one story high, surrounded on all sides with a 
 wide spacious veranda, upon wiiich you can sit after your walk 
 and be refreshed by the cool, moist breeze which is continually 
 blowing. It is built upon the highest elevation of the Park, thus 
 commanding a splendid and extensive view of the surrounding 
 country; the city far below, the suburban villages, and the hills 
 of Anne Arundel county appear like a panorama before you. 
 The highest steeples in Baltimore, the Washington Monument 
 and Shot-Tower, look very indistinct and diminutive in the dis- 
 tance. Glancing beyond the city. Fort McIIenry, Fort Carroll, 
 the immense grain elevators of the Baltimore anil Ohio Railroad 
 Company, can be seen ; while myriads of boats tilt, shadow-like^ 
 upcm the surface of the bay. On Sunday afternoon hundreds 
 
 92 
 
JAMES D. MASON & CO. 
 
 Mantifacturers of all kinds Biscvuts, Crackers & Fancy ^akes. 
 
 ^f pleasure seekers, the lovers of the beauties of nature, assemble 
 to enjoy the sights. The porch is usually ciowded, the saloou 
 upon the first floor is filled with people from both city and coun- 
 try, partaking of refreshments, in the shape of ices and soda- 
 water. Streams of hacks, carriages and coaches filled with 
 ladies and gentlemen from the country are continually arriving 
 and departing. 
 
 HENRY DEPKIN, 
 
 p 
 
 No. 29 SOUTH STREET, 
 
 Gittingrs' Marble Building-, 
 
 S, BiJUWIGARTEN & SON^ 
 
 
 BANK AND DATING STAMPS, 
 
 OF ALL 
 
 Sizes and Colors 
 
 45 
 East Fayette St. 
 
 BALTIMORE. 
 
PACKEKS OF 
 
 tills Ifiliiil. 
 
 PLATT'S WHARF, SOUTH BALTIMORE. 
 Office, Wo. 30 South Street, 
 
 Principal Distributing Agencies: 
 
 BEARD & THYNQ, Buffalo, New York. 
 
 WINFIELD & CO., Toledo, Ohio. 
 
 W. G. BENEDICT, Milwaiikee, Wisconsiu. 
 
 J. E. HOPKINS, Cincinnati, Ohio. 
 
 CANHAM & ARMSTRONG, Port Huron, Michig-an. 
 
 J. P. CAMPBELL & CO., Kansas City, Missouri. 
 
 ALDRICH, BROS. & CO., Bloomington, Illinois. 
 
 JORDAN & WALTON, Davenport, Iowa. 
 
 WELKER & BERGIN, Muscatine, Iowa. 
 
 ASK YOUR JOBBER 
 
 CANHEO GOODS. 
 
 94 
 
(SS 
 
 ■ r-i 
 
 bo 
 
 Ph 
 
 ■ •H 
 
 Pi 
 
 (^ 
 ^ 
 
 
 u 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 M 
 o 
 n 
 
 M 
 o 
 o 
 »4 
 
 ^ fl 
 
 
 o 
 
 Pi 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 ^6 
 
■ 229 W. BALTIMORE STREET. 
 
 OF AMERICAN AN'D SWISS MAXUFAC- 
 TURE. ALL GRADES. 
 
 WATCHES, 
 
 fllAMONDS AND JIrEGIOUS (^TOXESx 
 
 U 1 UjN Li (JA M LUo, lockets", scarf PI\S,'&c., kc. 
 
 Solid Silver Ware, 
 
 THE XEWEST PATTERNS fur TESTIMONIAL PRESENTS or FAMILY USE. 
 
 Pl'nP Plcjforl Wavn Tea Set?, Ice Pitchers, Water Sets, Casters, 
 ± illC L idlULl VY dl tJi Baskets, Butter Dishes, Forks, Spoons, 
 
 Knives, &c., in great variety. 
 
 BRONZES, CLOCKS AND MANTEL ORNAMENTS.— A Large and Choice 
 Collection of the Newest Art Works to m'iet the demand for Rare and Choice 
 Household Decoration. fl^LARGE MUSICAL BOXES. 
 
 OPERA AND FIELD GLASSES, finest and largest stock in the city, at Low 
 Prices. 
 
 CANFIELD, BRO. & CO., 229 W. Baltimore Street. 
 
 "THE^ALiTIM^REXNy^ 
 
 PUBLISHED IN THE 
 
 Morse Building, Fayette St., opposite 17. S. Court House, 
 AS AN ADVERTISING MEDIUM, 
 
 PillCE PER ANNUM, POSTAGE INCLUDED, $2.00. 
 
 CAMDEN STATION, 
 
 ADVERTISING BU;:>INESS OF POEEIGN EOADS 
 
 SOLIOITED. 
 
 9C 
 
THE LARGEST AT THE NATIONAL CAPITAL. 
 
 Beopened November 2, 1872, 
 
 REFITTED THROUGHOUT IN THE MOST ELEGANT MANNEE. 
 
 A Safety Elevator has been Introduced. 
 
 nrty Private Batli Rooms actdefi to C&amfeers, 
 
 BEDDTNG, UPIIOLSTKRV, &c., enti.cly Xofl-. Telegraph, Railroad and 
 Theater Ticket OflQces in the Exchange. 
 
 ^-SPLEXDID COACHES ALWAYS AT THE DEPOT. 
 
Wliich establishes them as UXEQUALED for their 
 
 im, TOUCH, WORKMANSHIP and DUEABIlIir. 
 
 They liave received Seventy-five Gold and Silver Medals 
 over all other competitors. 
 
 
 80U8UIUi3-9JJ pssBLjDjndup 
 
 auoit! oou3ii«'»o>>«'> Jiaqi uodn pUB 'sjBa.C .Cjjoj 
 AiJtJou .loj oiiqnd oqi eaojiM] uoaq OAvq Bjaaranj^sux asoqx 
 
 
 ^